This study examined the level of happiness among adolescents whose families are from India, in comparison to Portuguese adolescents who did not go through an acculturation process. It also examined if happiness can be predicted by demographic and mental health factors. There were 542 adolescent participants. Of these, 366 were Portuguese and 175 belonged to families coming from India. The participants completed the Oxford Happiness Inventory, the Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale, the Satisfaction With Life Scale and a short biographical form. The hypotheses were partially supported. Indian adolescents from an immigrant background living in Portugal showed more happiness than Portuguese adolescents. Psychological constructs (self-esteem, satisfaction with life and loneliness) were more important in the prediction of happiness than the sociodemographic variables. With immigrant youth showing good psychological adaptation, our study lends further support to several studies from the USA suggesting that immigrant children generally adapt well and in some cases better than their national peers.


If game images use colors improper for certain ages, the characteristics of games disappear, and the efficiency of image expression drops. thus a study in color is very important. Nevertheless, there is a lack of research on this subject. In this study, we investigated the difference of color of game images according to users. User group is divided into all users and users over 18 years old. Among the rank of games,10 each from games for all ages and games for non-teen-rated are selected, and the game-playing images are taken as snapshots to have 100 each images each, A total of 2000 images were extracted and the mean values of RGB and HSB of each game were obtained and independent sample t test was performed. The results showed that the RGB color values between the two users were significantly significant. In the future, it is expected that it will be helpful in color selection when developing psychotherapy games and emotional games using color psychology. Furthermore, we will use color image scales to express colors as adjectives, analyze colors in a variety of ways, and investigate the difference in color of game images in each country.


In this work, the equations of geodesic curves on surfaces embedded in euclidean space are obtained. By introducing a vector Lagrange multiplier, we show that the geodesic curvature of the curves are zero and the normal curvature of them can be identified with the force transmitted to the surface. We then obtain the corresponding formulas in the case of axially symmetric surfaces, where a first integral of the geodesic equations can be interpreted as a particle moving in an effective potential (being zero the total energy), and the angular momenta is conserved. The methodology developed is illustrated with some examples: the catenoid and the pseudosphere.


Venous thromboembolism, which encompasses deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, is a relatively common disorder with an incidence in western countries of around 1/1000 per annum.1 Events are categorised as either provoked, that is occurring in the context of a known temporary risk factor such as surgery, or unprovoked, that is occurring without an associated known risk factor. There is a general consensus that provoked events have a low …


The invention discloses a double screen display and a notebook computer. The double screen display comprises a front screen, a rear screen and a shell and is characterized in that guide rails extend out of the front parts of the upper edge and the lower edge of the shell; the upper guide rail or the lower guide rail is at least provided with a front screen guide groove and a rear screen guide groove for the front screen and the rear screen to unfold left and right; along the length direction of the surface, the first section of the rear screen guide groove is arranged on the rear side of the surface; the second section of the guide groove and the front screen guide groove are arranged in parallel on the front side of the first section of the rear screen guide groove and respectively parallel to the first section of the rear screen guide groove; and the outer end of the second section of the rear screen guide groove and the first section of the rear screen guide groove are communicated with each other and form a rear screen guide groove bent section. When a guide block on the rear screen is arranged at the inner end of the second section of the rear screen guide groove, and the surfaces of two screens are positioned on the same plane, thereby reliable transition of single screen and double screens is achieved.


Towards the end of the second decade of the present century Schmorl discovered the significance of the intervertebral disc. His exhaustive investigations established a firm scientific foundation for our present knowledge. Much credit should be given to Beadle, who, in 1931, submitted a comprehensive report and appreciation of this work. Current literature indicates that the interest aroused has not waned. On the contrary, it exhibits what appears to be an hyperactivity, at least along some paths of enquiry. As an understanding of the normal anatomy and physiology of this structure is a prerequisite to a consideration of its lesions, a summary of the salient features is presented. The intervertebral disc may be considered the joint between the vertebral bodies. These, in association with the posterior intervertebral articulations, form the complex articular system of the vertebral column. The spine and its articular system are particularly liable to stress and strain imposed by an individual's activity. Th...


In this article, I argue two main points. First, Christians are called to have a very specific, unequivocal relationship with their neighbors: they are called to love them. However, in a Christian context, "love" has little to do with warm feelings and affection. Instead, Christian love points to the necessity of action—works of justice, compassion, and mercy that support the preservation and the flourishing of one's neighbor. Second, the concept of "neighbor," and therefore the Christian call to love the neighbor, extends beyond our human neighbors and into the nonhuman animal kingdom. Thus, caring for, promoting, and protecting the well-being of animals as Christian neighbors is something essential to one's life as a Christian, and a core practice of Christian love.


Modern mobile objects have significantly higher velocities, they are significantly more overloaded and uncontrollable mechanical disturbances (shocks, vibrations). Therefore, the requirements for the accuracy of means and methods for measuring the above-defined mechanical values of the instrument navigation complex have become much higher. However, the imperfection of the element base, the absence of new modern sensitive elements, the lack of the use of a new improved shock protection system, the lack of modern algorithmic methods do not allow to significantly improve accuracy and improve tactical and technical characteristics. The object of research in this work is the process of measuring the angular velocity and acceleration of a gyrostabilized platform. Ensuring the accuracy of the arms stabilizer is the most important modern problem, the solution of which ensures the security of Ukraine. According to tactical characteristics, the new weapon stabilizer expands combat capabilities of armored vehicles due to more precise guidance and stabilization on the target, facilitates the crew's ability to control the tower. Instrumental weapon stabilizer complexes are designed for stabilized guidance and tracking in the horizontal and vertical planes of surface, air and surface targets. The use of a modern element base has significantly improved the characteristics of the entire range of the weapon stabilizer. According to the technical characteristics of the arms stabilizer, it expands the combat capabilities of armored vehicles through more precise guidance and stabilization on the target, facilitates the crew's ability to control the tower. And also does not require redirection to the same goal after the shot. In this paper, an algorithm is considered that is applied when adjusting the position of the implement relative to the target during rapid joint movement of the tower and the machine. The algorithm is calculated in the mathematical block of the stabilization system. The algorithm is based on a mathematical analysis of the theory of motion of gyroscopes and improved from previous ones by supplementing the equation of motion. The formula is derived in the analytical form for its further application in the mathematical blocks of the stabilization system and calculations are given, as a result of which a mathematical model is obtained. If this mathematical model is introduced into the algorithmic block of the stabilization system, this will improve the accuracy of stabilization. The conclusions analyze the results and give recommendations on the application of the method.


AIM To compare the efficacy of intensive anti-platelet treatment and conventional anti- platelet treatment in patients with unstable angina.METHODS Four hundred and forty-five patients with unstable angina were randomly assigned to intensive anti-platelet treatment group(intensive group)and conventional anti-platelet treatment group(conventional group).Patients in intensive group(221 patients)were administered with clopidogrel(75 mg,qd)and aspirin(100 rag,qd),while patients in conventional group (224 patients)were treated with aspirin(100 mg,qd).The primary endpoint was death,myocardial infarction,and percutaneous coronary intervention.The follow up period was 2 years.RESULTS There were 13 (5.9%)patients of primary endpoint in intensive group and 36(16.1%)patients of primary endpoint in conventional group.The occurrence of primary endpoint was lower in intensive group than that in conventional group(P0.01).CONCLUSION Intensive anti-platelet treatment could decrease the occurrence of cardiovascular event in unstable angina patients.


In some measurement and control problems, circuits for some signal-comparisons of complicated nature may be required. The paper describes simple and novel circuits for: (a) comparison between concurrent magnitudes of two signals, (6) window-comparison at a specified instant, and (c) comparison between time-dispersed magnitudes of two signals. The circuits use differential-input single-ended-output operational amplifiers.


ABSTRACT Salt-affected soils are widely distributed in arable croplands worldwide with potential productivity so that it is important to develop and utilize these soils. This study investigated the effects of leonardite at the application dosage of 0 (CK), 1% (T1), 3% (T2), and 5% (T3) on amending salt-affected soils under intermittent leaching. Results showed that leaching effectively reduced the electrical conductivity (EC) in soil at CK/T1/T2/T3 with 67.4%/70.9%/75.7%/75.6% of salt discharged. As the dominant cation in leachates, Na+ removed accounted for 75.1% (CK), 79.7% (T1), 72.6% (T2), and 71.5% (T3) of the total cation in soil. Sodium adsorption ratio of soil column for CK/T1/T2/T3 treatment decreased by 61.1%/68.1%/50.0%/44.9%. Organic matters in the soil reached 9.74/17.20/31.41/42.88 g/kg for CK/T1/T2/T3 treatment at the end of the experiment, indicating a fertile prospect for reclamation of the salt-affected soils. Soil pH increased with leonardite dosage after leaching in a similar pattern as the decline of EC. The results would provide practical assistance for amending salt-affected soil in the Yellow River Delta.


This research used descriptive method with farmers as respondents in Blang Bintang District, Aceh Besar. Results showed that farmers' knowledge toward drought can be categorized as very high with 85-99% index value, but in some variables still need to be improved. Mitigation efforts analysis were also categorized as very high with 81-98% index value, known from data percentage of correct answers was on mitigation efforts to build/treated for facilities and infrastructures, especially to build water pump, in order to maintain water supply in rice fields that still 51,02% low. The preparation of an adequate water supply facilities and infrastructures in rice fields (to build ponds/small reservoirs) to face the drought was categorized as very low 35,71%.


The 1995 Nobel Prize in Physics is shared equally by the American physicists Frederick J. Reines and Martin L. Perl for their pioneering experimental contributions to lepton physics. Following is a brief account of their discoveries.


Up to recent only Late Acheulian industries were found in the Caucasus and its origins were considered to be in the Near East. New investigations in Armenia (South Caucasus) first yielded Middle and Early Acheulian materials permitting to revise this scenario. To judge by the U-Pb absolute dating and paleomagnetic data, the Acheulian makers appeared in the region by 1.8-1.9 Ma. The analyzed lithic industries show specific technological and morphological features that differ them from the Late Acheulean sites. There are, however, certain common features hinting to a probable intra-regional evolution of this Early Acheulean, thru a number of transformation provoked by internal factors (changing of raw material, activities, etc.) or/and by the arrival of new traditions.


A light-sensitive PMOS-transistor located in a floating n-well and combined with an analog EEPROM has been fabricated as a single element in a standard 1.5 /spl mu/m single-poly CMOS/EEPROM technology. It provides nonvolatile weighted analog image storage and can be programmed in parallel, if implemented as an array. As an example, an image sensor with a nonvolatile analog programmable offset and sensitivity adjustment has been realised.


The Internet has developed faster than any other form of electronic technology or communication. As a result, businesses strive to improve their Internet presence and evaluate their website communication. The majority of Internet marketing research has focused on the content analysis using traditional marketing mix elements: product, price, promotion and place. The present study advocates a more consumer-oriented approach to Internet marketing that allows sport organizations to coordinate venue-based consumer experience with virtual content provided on Internet websites to capitalize on features of the product that consumers find attractive. Three studies were conducted to determine product features that appeal to consumers of women's professional sport and evaluate the sport organizations' websites for the communication of this content. The results show some congruence between the product features identified by event attendees and the website communication. However, the variability in the presentation and accessibility of these factors suggest a need for league wide content guidelines as well as enhanced efforts to allow consumer interest to help shape Internet marketing efforts. After a discussion of the results and their implications for marketers, limitations and directions for future research are detailed.


The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of variety on biomass yield, seed yield, forage quality, and biological compatibility of oats and vetch grown in the pure stand and mixtures. The experiment was conducted during the main cropping season on 16th May 2020 at Gozo Bamush farmers training center in Mareka district, Dawuro zone, Southern Ethiopia. Eight treatments were formulated using two recently released vetch and oat varieties in sole and mixed stands. The experiment was employed in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Data on agronomic parameters, biomass and seed yield as well as chemical compositions were recorded and analyzed by SAS version 9.3 (32). Significant treatment effects were separated by the least significant difference test at p 0.05). Among vetch species, Vicia vilosa 6792 gave higher crude protein content (20.14%) and lower grain yield (1.19t/ha) and acid detergent fiber (40.35) compared to Vicia sativa which had a crude protein content (19.4%), grain yield (1.92t/ha) and neutral detergent fiber content (49.35%). In nutrient, indices showed that the highest TCPY (1.51t/ha) and TNDFY (4.04 t/ha) were obtained from the mixture of Vicia vilosa 6792 + Avena sativa 15153A. Relative yield total of oats and vetch varieties were greater than one in all mixed treatments indicating that the yield obtained in mixed stands was more productive than the same species grown as sole crops. Thus, the relative yield total was higher by 70% in Vicia vilosa 6792 + Avena sativa 15153A mixture. The greatest acceptability in terms of the test was high for grains from pure stands of Avena sativa 5431A Oat and Vicia sativa. For dry matter yield, the best acceptable tasted varieties were Vicia vilosa 6792 and Avena sativa 15153A in both pure stand and mixture. This study highlights the positive potential of Vicia vilosa 6792 + Avena sativa 15153A in forage yield, quality and also could enhance soil fertility to complement forage production at the experiment site. However, the experiment was conducted in only one location over a single season, therefore, repeating the trial at a different location and over seasons would be important to draw a more concrete recommendation.


DLTS signals for midgap electron traps in LEC n-GaAs crystals were found to depend on the species of metals used for Schottky barrier contacts, aluminum and gold, and to change by annealing. SIMS analyses suggested that interfacial reaction between the contact metals and semiconductors was responsible for the change of the DLTS signals.


It is widely held that land use (activities) and transportation (linkage and movement) are intimately related (Pickrell 1999; Giuliano 1989; Cervero and Landis 1995; Newman and Kenworthy 1996). Many urban and regional policy measures are grounded in the land use/transportation linkage. For example, large-scale transportation investments such as interstate highways in United States (Rephann and Isserman 1994; Chandra and Thompson 2000) and high-speed rail in Japan (Nakamura and Ueda 1989) usually generate multiplier effects in economic activities through space-time convergence brought about by enhanced accessibility (Rietveld and Bruisma 1998). Similarly, real estate development such as business parks, retail and recreational complexes generate new focal points for enhanced traffic flows and contributes to changes in regional characteristics in the long term (Forkenbrock and Foster 1996; Banister and Berechman 2001). Not all of these policy measures achieve their intended outcomes. The manner in which land use interacts with transportation is indeed heavily context-dependent. Multiple-path-dependent factors such as economic conditions and local land use/transportation policy influence the complex inner-workings of the land use/transportation relationship. Therefore, it is necessary to further examine how the land use/transportation relationship is uniquely manifested within the confines of local geographic contexts to ensure that pertinent policy measures are effective. Gradual shifts in public opinion in developed countries support the need for research on the land use/transportation interaction and for integrating land use policy with transportation policy. In recent decades, the legislative landscape (e.g., Clean Air Act, ISTEA, TEA-21) and public sentiment have coalesced in support of an agenda centered on environmental concerns and inequity issues. Open space and agricultural land has been developed to the point that the future water consumption is at risk, while increasing automobile dependence is seen as steering society away from more environmentally sound and equitable practices (Ewing 1997; Kenworthy et al. 1999). Land use and transportation policies evidently have a role to play in changing the course toward sustainability. Within this vein, policy measures such as transit oriented development (TOD) and smart growth have been implemented as a means to reduce automobile dependence and prevent further environmental degradation (Pickrell 1998; Porter 1998). It is important to note that these policy measures are based on the premise that urban form (e.g., density, land use mix, design) influences travel behavior. Not surprisingly, there was a surge of interest in the effects of urban form on travel behavior as documented in Boarnet and Crane (2001). Despite abundance of research, a conundrum surrounding the validity of this kind of research persists; measuring urban form pertinent to problems at hand admittedly remains a challenging task due to its complex dimension and scale factor (Krizek 2003). In contrast to abundant research on the impact of land use on transportation, there is a relative lack of research on the effects of transportation on land use. Transportation improvement increases mobility (i.e., overall travel time is reduced), and as a result affected sites become more accessible. Accessibility influences location decision by firm and household in the long term (i.e., firms want to reduce transportation cost, households want to save on commuting, firms want to be located near a qualified labor pool). That is, a change


Equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) was conducted on an Al-1%Mg-0.2%Sc alloy using a die having a channel angle ( ) of 90 o but with two different angles, 0 o and 90 o , for the outer arc of curvature ( ). Microstructures were observed by optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy to examine the effect of . Tensile tests were also conducted and the ductility was examined for the ECAP samples processed with the two different angles, =0 o and =90 o . It is shown that the microstructure was more homogeneous for =0 o than =90 o . However, larger ductility was obtained for the samples processed with =90 o than =0 o .


A field test involving 35 houses was performed in Texas between 2000 and 2003 to study the response of low-income homes in hot climates to weatherization performed as part of the U.S Department of Energy Weatherization Assistance Program and to investigate certain methods to improve weatherization performance. The study found that improved Program designs and the use of advanced energy audits resulted in better weatherization measures being installed (use of blower doors to guide the infiltration work, more frequent installation of attic insulation, and installation of wall insulation) in the study homes, improved space-heating savings performance compared to the Program as implemented in the hot climates in 1989, and more comfortable indoor temperatures. Two key policy dilemmas for Texas and other hot-climate states were highlighted by the study; namely, how to balance expenditures between installing cost-effective weatherization measures and performing health, safety, and repair items, and that health, safety, and repair items can have an adverse impact on energy savings, which further complicates the weatherization decision process. Several occupant and equipment-related behaviors were observed in the field test homes that help explain why audits may over predict energy consumptions and savings and why air-conditioning electricity savings are difficult to measure. more » Based on this study, it is recommended that states in hot climates be encouraged to select from an expanded list of measures using advanced audits or other techniques, and further studies examining the benefits obtained from air conditioner measures should be performed. In addition, guidelines should be developed for the hot-climate states on how to (a) balance the objectives of saving energy, improving health and safety, and addressing repair issues, and (b) select repair items. « less


This paper examines through the lens of expectancy-valence theory the impact of trust, privacy, and security on the decision to use the internet for online shopping and social media. It also investigates the moderating impact of Hofstede's cultural dimensions on the hypothesised relationships. The comparative analysis of 302 surveys from users in the USA and Qatar revealed that trust in internet technology and trust in vendors are the strongest two factors in making decisions to use the internet for online shopping and social media. The results indicated that the cultural dimensions moderated the hypothesised relationships. Surprisingly, Qataris respondents, compared to US respondents, were more influenced by privacy concerns when making decisions to use the internet for online shopping or social media. Implications for researchers and practitioners are reported.


Concentrated Photovoltaics (CPV), once a niche technology, has now reached the maturity and reliability for large scale power generation. Especially in regions where temperatures are very high, the use of high efficiency triple junction solar cells with concentrating optics allows stable energy yield. Thus CPV can be seen as complementary and not in concurrence with silicon photovoltaics. The state of the art, the advantages and limitations of this technology will be shown. Among the main advantages of CPV is the possibility of a much higher energy supply, when compared to silicon photovoltaics, both comparing CPV and silicon with same area or the same installed power. The use of recycled and recyclable materials allows a more environmentally friendly production. The possibility to couple CPV with desalination facilities, energy storage will be analysed. As an example a case study of a CPV installation in Northern Italy is discussed. Here the use of mature technologies, derived from automotive and lighting sectors resulted in a simple and efficient module.


Based on the high gain beam forming and overall spatial beam scanning properties of Luneburg lens, a phased monopole array mounted on the surface of a Luneburg lens is proposed. With controlled distributions of excitation amplitude and phase on four adjacent monopole elements, this monopole array can form continuously scanned beams instead of the conventional discrete beams. To demonstrate this feature, two feed networks with different current distributions are connected to the monopole array to form beam patterns towards the desired angles. Both beam patterns have fairly low side lobes and similarly high gain, indicating that the proposed design has the ability to achieve a much simplified electronically scanned array with high directivity and unchanged beam shape while scanning in all 360 degree range.


By means of energy and entropy estimates, we prove existence and positivity results in higher space dimensions for degenerate parabolic equations of fourth order with nonnegative initial values. We discuss their asymptotic behavior for $ t\to \infty$ and give a counterexample to uniqueness.


TALWAR, SACHIN. Hydrophobically Modified Associative Polymers: Solution Rheology and Applications in Electrospinning. (Under the direction of Prof. Saad Khan.) Hydrophobically modified associative polymers are generating considerable research interest owing to their ability to be used in a variety of applications ranging from paints and coatings to drug delivery. These polymers have pendant hydrophobic groups that form a reversible physical network in an alkaline solution comprising of both intraand intermolecular hydrophobic junctions resulting in a unique thickening mechanism. The present study can essentially be divided into two parts. In the first part, we discuss how nonionic surfactants, both individually and in binary surfactant mixtures, can be effectively used to modify the rheology of associative polymers via formation of free as well as bound micelles incorporating polymer hydrophobes. We also demonstrate the applicability of nonionic surfactants in modulating hydrophobic associations in these polymers in the presence of inclusion compounds called cyclodextrin. Electrostatic spinning or electrospinning of nanofibers has drawn considerable research attention in recent years. It involves the application of an electric filed to a polymer solution or melt to facilitate production of fibers in the sub-micron range. The scope and utility of associative polymers can be broadened further by incorporating them in precursor electrospinning solutions due to their ability to alter solution rheology. In the second part of this study, we focus on gaining insights into the role of rheology on fiber formation by including associative polymers in electrospinning solutions. We further illustrate how the concept of using surfactants to control viscoelasticity of these polymers can be extended to fabricate electrospun nanofibers. Finally, we establish the utility of associative polymers in improving the morphology of electrospun fibers through significant changes in viscosity and viscoelasticity of precursor solutions. This concept of using associative polymers is extended further to other associative polymers that interact via mechanisms other than hydrophobic associations. Hydrophobically Modified Associative Polymers: Solution Rheology and Applications in Electrospinning


Using a palate cap with a resilient lining material, the authors achieved successful long-term management of a traumatic palatal defect in a cat and an acquired palatal defect resulting from radiation therapy and local chemotherapy to treat a malignant melanoma in a dog. In the cat with the traumatic palatal defect, surgical attempts to close the defect had been unsuccessful and the palate cap with resilient lining material produced satisfactory results. The palate cap was able to be used for at least two years. In the dog with the acquired palatal defect due to radiation therapy, the palate cap was created on ten occasions, given invasion by the malignant melanoma. As a result, quality of life was able to be maintained for at least one year. The palate cap allows anesthetization for a short time. Management of the acquired palatal defect using a palate cap with a resilient lining material is very compatible with both palatal defects with repetitive dehiscence and acquired palatal defects resulting from therapy for oral malignant tumors.


To improve the performance of open-winding permanent magnet synchronous motors (OW-PMSMs) with a common dc bus, a novel control method that can simultaneously eliminate parameter mismatch in the d-axis, q-axis, and zero-sequence loop (ZSL) is proposed. First, the parameter mismatches are analyzed. Second, an extended state observer (ESO), which can predict the current in the next instant and the disturbance caused by parameter mismatch, is established. By combining the ESO and the deadbeat predictive current control (DPCC) in the d-axis and q-axis, replacing the sampled current in the DPCC with the predictive current in the ESO, and considering predictive disturbance as a voltage reference feedforward compensation, one-step delay and the disturbance caused by parameter mismatch are addressed. Then, in the ZSL, the predicted zero-sequence disturbance is considered as a compensation for the reference zero-sequence voltage (ZSV). The ZSV is obtained using the zero-voltage vector redistribution strategy in alternate subhexagonal center pulsewidth modulation strategy. The proposed method enhances the robustness of OW-PMSM, against parameter mismatch in the d-axis, q-axis, or ZSL. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, simulation and experimental results obtained using the traditional DPCC method and the ESO+DPCC method are presented herein.


The Green River and Hoback Basins of northwest Wyoming contain very large, regionally pervasive, basin-centered gas accumulations (BCGAs). Published estimates of the amount of in-place gas resources in the Green River Basin range from 91 to 5036 trillion cubic feet (tcf). The Hoback Basin, like the Green River Basin, contains a BCGA in Cretaceous rocks. In this chapter, we make a distinction between regionally pervasive BCGAs and BCGA sweet spots. The Pinedale field, located in the northern part of the Green River Basin, is one of the largest gas fields in America and is a sweet spot in this very large BCGA. By analogy with the Pinedale field, we have also identified a similar BCGA sweet spot in the Hoback Basin. BCGA sweet spots probably always have characteristics in common with conventional accumulations but are different in that they are always contiguous with the underlying more regional BCGA. In this way, they are inseparable from the more regionally pervasive BCGA. We conclude that the probability of forming sweet spots is highly dependent on the presence of faults and/or fractures that have served as conduits for hydrocarbons originating in regional BCGAs. Finally, we propose that the Paleocene "unnamed unit" overlying the Lance Formation be renamed the Wagon Wheel Formation.


Author(s): Dabrowski, M; Cinal, M; Przybylski, M; Chen, G; N'Diaye, AT; Schmid, AK; Kirschner, J | Abstract: © 2016 American Physical Society. The evolution of the domain structure with the thickness of bcc Fe films deposited on the Ag(116) vicinal surface is studied by spin-polarized low-energy electron microscopy. We show that a spin reorientation transition proceeds via two mechanisms: continuous rotation of magnetization within the vertical plane perpendicular to the steps and discontinuous reorientation of the in-plane component of magnetization, leading to splitting of the domains. In contrast to previously investigated systems with stripe domains, we reveal that in the case of a vicinal ferromagnetic surface, the domain width increases while changing the orientation of the magnetization from a canted out-of-plane state into an in-plane state. A theoretical model developed in this work successfully describes the domain structure behavior observed in our experiments and can be equally applied to other ferromagnetic films grown on vicinal surfaces.


The facultative intracellular pathogen Brucella abortus interacts with several organelles of the host cell to reach its replicative niche inside the endoplasmic reticulum. However, little is known about the interplay between the intracellular bacteria and the host cell mitochondria. Here, we showed that B. abortus triggers substantive mitochondrial network fragmentation, accompanied by mitophagy and the formation of mitochondrial Brucella‐containing vacuoles during the late steps of cellular infection. Brucella‐induced expression of the mitophagy receptor BNIP3L is essential for these events and relies on the iron‐dependent stabilisation of the hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α. Functionally, BNIP3L‐mediated mitophagy appears to be advantageous for bacterial exit from the host cell as BNIP3L depletion drastically reduces the number of reinfection events. Altogether, these findings highlight the intricate link between Brucella trafficking and the mitochondria during host cell infection.


One of the major topics discussed intensively with the establishment of the Republic in the country was the need to establish what are the taxes that force in Brazil, and more than that who possess the power to their collection. There was no explanation that one of the most debated points in the first Constituent Assembly was concerned that taxes would be the competence of the Union and which would be imposed by states. In fact this dispute over the breakdown of incomes in the country involved an even deeper problem, namely, the creation of the federation. Thus, this paper demonstrates how debates about the country's tax structure may elucidate how the political groups of that time stationed themselves before the need for construction of the Brazilian Republic. To do so will be made use of the Proceedings of the National Constituent Assembly of 1890-1891.


The thesis introduces the method of get ting the stereology parameter q(R) and p(r/R) by means of simulating cut of polyhedron grain, and its application in tetranedron. Then, the paper presents the mefhod to construct the mathematical model of polyhedrograin with random of cutting and its cuting process. The result of simulating cut to tetrahedron grain shows that the method can have much large cutting volume, much fast cutting velocity and can get stable p(r/R) curve and parameter q(R).


An interval edge t-coloring of a graph G is a proper edge coloring of G with colors 1,2...,t such that at least one edge of G is colored by color i,i=1,2...,t, and the edges incident with each vertex x are colored by d_{G}(x) consecutive colors, where d_{G}(x) is the degree of the vertex x in G. For Mobius ladders the existence of this coloring is proved and all possible numbers of colors in such colorings are found.


PURPOSE
We evaluated the safety and efficacy of ex vivo ureteroscopy (ExURS) as a means of rendering the donated kidney stone-free at live donor renal transplantation.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 10 suitable kidney donors with small, unilateral nonobstructive calculi underwent live donor nephrectomy (8 open flank, 2 hand assisted transperitoneal). Immediately after cold perfusion, ExURS was performed in an iced saline solution. Access to the collecting system was via the ureteral stump. Calculi were either removed with endoscopic baskets and/or completely fragmented with Holmium laser lithotripsy.

RESULTS
Access to the renal collecting system was technically successful in all cases. A total of 10 stones, ranging in largest diameter from 1 to 8 mm (average 5.2) were visualized. Of the kidneys 6 had solitary stones, 2 had 2 stones and 1 had no stone. Of 10 stones 9 were successfully removed and/or fragmented with an average procedure time of 6.5 minutes (range 3 to 28). Indwelling ureteral stents were placed at transplantation in 5 of 10 kidneys. There were no intra-operative or postoperative ureteral complications. At 1 month after transplant serum creatinine ranged from 0.9 to 2.7 mg/dl (average 1.5). At a mean followup of 33.2 months new stones have not formed in any recipients and at mean 36.4-month followup no new calculi have formed in the remaining kidney of any donors.

CONCLUSIONS
ExURS is a technically feasible means of rendering a stone bearing kidney stone-free without compromising ureteral integrity or renal allograft function.


Summary The aim of this study was to prepare and characterise alcohol -free propolis powder obtained using the spray -drying technique. The inlet air temperature that caused the least loss of phenolic compounds during spray drying was determined. A temperature of 120∫C was s elected, and a sprayed dried sample of propolis was obtained. The sample was evaluated for moisture, water activity, hygroscopicity, s olubility, thermal behaviour, morphology, stability of flavonoids and antioxidant activity whilst stored for 120 days at a temperature u nder 25 o C. The sample displayed low hygroscopicity and water solubility. Its flavonoids remained stable during the storage period; however, thesample presented a tendency to agglomerate and it did not present a well -defined glass transition range. The spray drying process cause d significant loss of phenolic compounds (approximately 30%) but antioxidant properties were retained. Thus, it was concluded that the spra y-drying dehydration process may be used to obtain alcohol -free propolis powder thatpossesses antioxidantactivity and stable flavonoids during storage.


Yogyakarta is an area with great potential for the growth of the informal sector. Because this area has many people who are immigrants. LD FEB UI research states that 95% of businesses in the food and beverage sector are growing and the number of go-food transactions is also growing. The increase in go-food partners is because Gojek has the optimism (trust) to help MSMEs grow. This makes researchers want to look further into the analysis of the role of social capital by actors who run food and beverage businesses partnering with Go-Food in Yogyakarta. The object of research is informal sector business actors who sell heavy food in the Province of D.I. Yogyakarta with a focus on the area of Sleman Regency and Yogyakarta City. Researchers used descriptive qualitative methods, with the theory of Miles and Huberman. The results of the study show that the analysis on social capital aspects seen from trust, norms, and networks makes a positive contribution to increasing sales of informal sector actors in Yogyakarta


In this paper, we investigate a variable-coefficient Korteweg–de Vries (vc-KdV) equation, which can be used to describe the propagation of nonlinear waves in fluids, plasmas and other fields. Through the rational transformation and Hirota method, new soliton solutions to the vc-KdV equation are derived. On the basis of those soliton solutions, three types of collisions are obtained: overtaking collision between two unidirectional solitons, head-on collision between two bidirectional ones and collision between moving and stationary solitons. These collisions are proved to be elastic through asymptotic analysis, and figures are plotted which show that they are indeed elastic except for a phase shift. Interactions of solitons in a variablecoefficient generalized Boussinesq system in shallow water De-Xin Meng1,2, Yi-Tian Gao1,2, Lei Wang2, Xiao-Ling Gai2 and Guo-Dong Lin2 1 State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China 2 Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory of Fluid Mechanics and National Laboratory for Computational Fluid Dynamics, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com 2010 Phys. Scr. 82 045012 Abstract Under consideration in this paper is a variable-coefficient generalized Boussinesq (gBq) system, which can model the propagation of long weakly nonlinear and weakly dispersive surface waves in shallow water. With the aid of the Darboux transformation and symbolic computation, soliton solutions of the gBq system are obtained that do not have singularities under a selection of the spectral parameters. Interactions of the solitons with the elastic properties are discussed. The outcome of this paper might be of some help for the investigation of nonlinear and dispersive problems in fluid dynamics.Under consideration in this paper is a variable-coefficient generalized Boussinesq (gBq) system, which can model the propagation of long weakly nonlinear and weakly dispersive surface waves in shallow water. With the aid of the Darboux transformation and symbolic computation, soliton solutions of the gBq system are obtained that do not have singularities under a selection of the spectral parameters. Interactions of the solitons with the elastic properties are discussed. The outcome of this paper might be of some help for the investigation of nonlinear and dispersive problems in fluid dynamics. A multiple exp-function method for nonlinear differential equations and its application Wen-Xiu Ma1,2, Tingwen Huang3 and Yi Zhang2 1 Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620-5700, USA 2 Department of Mathematics, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China 3 Texas A&M University at Qatar, PO Box 23874, Doha, Qatar E-mail: email@example.com, firstname.lastname@example.com, email@example.com 2010 Phys. Scr. 82 065003 Abstract A multiple exp-function method for exact multiple wave solutions of nonlinear partial differential equations is proposed. The method is oriented towards the ease of use and capability of computer algebra systems and provides a direct and systematic solution procedure that generalizes Hirota's perturbation scheme. With the help of Maple, applying the approach to the (3+1)-dimensional potential-Yu–Toda–Sasa–Fukuyama equation yields exact explicit one-wave, two-wave and three-wave solutions, which include one-soliton, two-soliton and three-soliton type solutions. Two cases with specific values of the involved parameters are plotted for each of the two-wave and three-wave solutions. Connection between Coulomb and harmonic oscillator potentials in relativistic quantum mechanics Bo Fu, Fu-Lin Zhang and Jing-Ling ChenA multiple exp-function method for exact multiple wave solutions of nonlinear partial differential equations is proposed. The method is oriented towards the ease of use and capability of computer algebra systems and provides a direct and systematic solution procedure that generalizes Hirota's perturbation scheme. With the help of Maple, applying the approach to the (3+1)-dimensional potential-Yu–Toda–Sasa–Fukuyama equation yields exact explicit one-wave, two-wave and three-wave solutions, which include one-soliton, two-soliton and three-soliton type solutions. Two cases with specific values of the involved parameters are plotted for each of the two-wave and three-wave solutions. Connection between Coulomb and harmonic oscillator potentials in relativistic quantum mechanics Bo Fu, Fu-Lin Zhang and Jing-Ling Chen Theoretical Physics Division, Chern Institute of Mathematics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China E-mail: email@example.com 2010 Phys. Scr. 81 035001 Abstract The Levi-Civita transformation is applied in the two-dimensional (2D) Dirac and Klein–Gordon (KG) equations with equal external scalar and vector potentials. The Coulomb and harmonic oscillator problems are connected via the Levi-Civita transformation. These connections lead to an approach to solve the Coulomb problems using the results of the harmonic oscillator potential in the relativistic systems mentioned above. GeneralThe Levi-Civita transformation is applied in the two-dimensional (2D) Dirac and Klein–Gordon (KG) equations with equal external scalar and vector potentials. The Coulomb and harmonic oscillator problems are connected via the Levi-Civita transformation. These connections lead to an approach to solve the Coulomb problems using the results of the harmonic oscillator potential in the relativistic systems mentioned above. General


More and more modern applications make use of natural language data, e. g. Information Extraction (IE) or Question Answering (QA) systems. Those application require preprocessing through Natural Language Processing (NLP) pipelines, and the output quality of these applications depends on the output quality of NLP pipelines. If NLP pipelines are applied in different domains, the output quality decreases and the application requires domain specific NLP training to improve the output quality.Adapting NLP tools to specific domains is a time-consuming and expensive task, inducing two key questions: a) how many documents need to be annotated to reach good output quality and b) what NLP tools build the best performing NLP pipeline? In this paper we demonstrate a monitoring system based on principles of Continuous Integration which addresses those questions and guides IE or QA application developers to build high quality NLP pipelines in a cost-efficient way. This monitoring system is based on many common tools, used in many software engineering projects.


The external loop airlift bubble column provides an easy way of good contacting among gas, liquid and solid phases due to a relatively high recirculating liquid velocity U L . The critical gas and liquid velocities for complete circulation of solid particles, U G,C and U L,C , were measured in two different scales of columns with air, tap water and aqueous CMC solutions, and ion exchange resin and glass beads (155∼3834 μm) were employed. The U G,C was determined as the inflection point on the plot of the pressure drop due to the suspended solid particles in the downcomer as a function of the gas velocity U G . The critical liquid velocity U L,C corresponding to the U G,C was obtained from the measured relationship between U L and U G . As a result, a unified dimensionless empirical correlation of U L,C was obtained within an error of 20% and a dimensionless empirical relationship between U L and U G was developed within an error of 15%.


We demonstrate all-epitaxial ultra-thin mid-wave infrared detectors integrated into guided-mode resonance structures. Peak external quantum efficiency above 50 % is reported at λ = 4.5 µm in a 250 nm thick absorber at 200 K.


ABSTRACT Numerous paleolimnological studies of Arctic lakes and ponds have shown marked shifts in both algal and invertebrate taxa within the past ∼150 years that are consistent with recent climatic warming. However, the magnitude and timing of changes are often non-uniform, with large, deep lakes frequently exhibiting muted assemblage shifts relative to smaller ponds. The hypothesis that duration and extent of ice cover exerts an overriding influence on habitat availability for biota has been commonly invoked to explain these differences, and many studies indicate that changes in ice cover are important drivers of recent biological changes. However, a detailed paleolimnological comparison of two lakes from the same region that have similar water chemistry but different ice cover regimes has not yet been attempted. Here we examine the influence of prolonged ice cover on the rate, magnitude, and direction of fossil diatom species shifts over time in two remarkably similar and adjacent Ellesmere Island lakes that mainly differ in their periods of ice cover. These two lakes exhibit strikingly different paleolimnological diatom profiles, despite their physical proximity, similar depths, and nearly identical water chemistry. In the lake characterized by prolonged ice cover, we find little evidence of diatom-inferred environmental change over its recent history, while diatom assemblages have undergone dramatic changes in the lake with the shorter duration of ice cover. This study supports the general hypothesis that changes in ice cover are a principle determinant of shifting diatom assemblages in High Arctic lakes.


Dairy effluents are constituted mainly by milk, alkaline washing wastes and water. In accordance to the characteristics of this type of industrial wastewater, a biological treatment was applied in a batch reactor. The process chosen was nitrification to reduce the nutrient content. In order to enhance ammonium oxidation, the medium was inoculated with municipal wastewater from a secondary clarification tank of the Ranilla treatment plant (Seville, Spain). Municipal wastewater of temperature at about 26°C during the warmer season (September) showed higher concentrations of nitrite and nitrate. Different initial pH values (8.5, 10.5, 11.0, 11.5 and 12.0) were tested, and the organic matter content, expressed as Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), was maintained constant at 1000 mg l -1 . The municipal wastewater was taken in two different seasons, winter (February) and summer (September), to know the effect of season on the nitrification. The results indicate a difference in the rate of the process but not in the behaviour. The reduction in COD is nearly the same in both cases, and the difference depends on the initial pH value rather than on the season of the inoculum.


An interactive communication environment to build communication applications for distributed systems with user extendable facilities is proposed. The communication applications are made up of modules. At processing time these modules are transparently distributed across a network of computational servers. The computational model assumes a common virtual memory space to reduce communication overhead and to simplify coding of individual modules. The environment automatically provides the bridges between the distributed physical memory spaces.<<ETX>>


© The invention relates to a method for transmitting data packets from a plurality of sources (e.g. 3A), both synchronous and asynchronous, to a plurality of destinations (e.g. 3C) via a network (1) operating in accordance with the synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH). Between the sources (3A) and the network (1) there is connected a first station (2A), and between the network (1) and the destinations (3C) there is connected a second station (2C). The data packets are combined, in the first station (2A), in a frame (100), which frame is transmitted via the network (1). The data packets are removed, in the second station (2C), from the frame so as to be passed to their respective destinations (3C). The invention also relates to devices for implementing the method, and to a system in which the method is applied.


Edge detection is necessary for image segmentation and pattern recognition. In this paper, an improved Canny edge detection approach is proposed due to the defect of traditional algorithm. A modified bilateral filter with a compensation function based on pixel intensity similarity judgment was used to smooth image instead of Gaussian filter, which could preserve edge feature and remove noise effectively. In order to solve the problems of sensitivity to the noise in gradient calculating, the algorithm used 4 directions gradient templates. Finally, Otsu algorithm adaptively obtain the dual-threshold. All of the algorithm simulated with OpenCV 2.4.0 library in the environments of vs2010, and through the experimental analysis, the improved algorithm has been proved to detect edge details more effectively and with more adaptability.


Page 1 of 20 http://www.geocities.com/ebutcher1/ This dissertation was submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for my Bachelor's Honours Degree in French and German Studies at the University of Manchester, England, May 2002. I have published it on the Internet to help other students or those with an interest in Leni Riefenstahl and her work, Triumph des Willens. My thanks go to Dr. Matthew Philpotts and Dr. Cathy Gelbin for their help and support. My apologies that the quotes are not sourced (a problem with my html publisher!) But if you would like to know where any quotes can be found, I would be happy to help. Be warned some of the quotes are in German and are not translated. I welcome all constuctive comments on ed_butcher at hotmail.com,


In recent years, a great deal of interest has been generated in modern micro‐ and nanotechnologies for micro/nano‐electronic devices. These technologies are increasingly utilizing sophisticated fluid media to enhance performance. Among the new trends is the simultaneous adoption of nanofluids and biological micro‐organisms. Motivated by bio‐nanofluid vertical channel oxygenators in medical engineering, in the current work, a mathematical model is developed to examine the flow of mixed convective couple‐stress nanofluids in a vertical channel with a transverse magnetic field, fluid viscosity that changes with temperature, and thermal conductivity. The non‐Newtonian model follows Brownian motion and heat spread by nanoparticles in a fluid under coupled stress. Highly linked, nonlinear regulating equations are translated into nondimensional equations using relevant variables. The governing equations are then turned into a form with no dimensions. The Keller‐box technique, a second‐order finite difference method for solving second‐order equations, is used to solve them numerically. On the other hand, the effects of different non‐Newtonian flow parameters, such as the couple stress fluid parameter, the magnetic parameter, the variable fluid viscosity, the variable thermal conductivity parameters, the Brinkman number, the nanofluid and buoyancy parameters, and the rate of chemical reaction parameter, are carefully studied. The velocity, temperature, and concentration fields are calculated over a wide range of possible values for the relevant parameters.


Evidence is growing that certain estradiol metabolites are biologically active, especially in the field of cancer. Currently research focuses on the anticancerogenic effects of 2-hydroxyestrone and particularly 2-methoxyestradiol, as well as the possible carcinogenic properties of 4-hydroxyestrogens and 16α-hydroxyestrone. The clinical relevance of these activities, demonstrated in in vitro and animal experiments, remains unclear – it is proven, however, that the metabolite production can be altered in certain malignancies such as endometrial-, breast- and cervical carcinoma. Clinical studies, including own investigations, demonstrated a negative correlation between the ratio of 2-hydroxyestrone to 16α-hydroxyestrone and breast cancer risk. However, the design and interpretation of such studies should consider factors influencing metabolic pattern such as diet, physical activity, smoking as well as internal diseases and certain drugs. J Reproduktionsmed Endokrinol 2010; 7 (Special Issue 1): 62–6.


In this paper, the second exploration of AutoCAD by use of VBA is introduced, combining with the self-developed FEM software. On the basis of the strong graph function of AutoCAD, combined with the ActiveX exploration technique of VBA and mixed-language programming by VBA and Fortran, a visual application system is realized. Programmed with VBA, the system with friendly interfaces is convenient in utilization.


The local density of states of a degenerate semiconductor is investigated at low magnetic fields by resonant tunneling through a discrete localized energy level. Mesoscopic fluctuations of the local density of states below the Fermi level are imaged as temperature-insensitive fine structure in the tunneling current. These fluctuations are attributed to quantum interference of diffusive electron waves in the three-dimensional disordered system.


The authors, all of whom are Ukrainian and Russian scientists involved with Chernobyl nuclear power plant since the April 1986 accident, present a comprehensive review of the accident. In addition, they present a risk assessment of the remains of the destroyed reactor and its surrounding shelter, Chernobyl radioactive waste storage and disposal sites, and environmental contamination in the region. The authors explore such questions as the risks posed by a collapse of the shelter, radionuclide migration from storage and disposal facilities in the exclusion zone, and transfer from soil to vegetation and its potential regional impact. The answers to these questions provide a scientific basis for the development of countermeasures against the Chernobyl accident in particular and the mitigation of environmental radioactive contamination in general. They also provide an important basis for understanding the human health and ecological risks posed by the accident.


To gain higher navigation accuracy of HRG-based Gimbaled Inertial Navigation System(GINS),a Carouseling GINS is constructed by adopting a rotation mean technique.In navigation of Carouseling GINS,the platform's rotation would lead to the accerlarometer's size effect error,thus influencing the final navigation accuracy.On the basis of careful analysis of the generation machanism of accerlarometer's size effect,considering the character of HRG-based Carouseling GINS,complete rotating vector expression of transforming matrix is substituted into velocity and position updating equations to gain a complete velocity and position compensation algorithm.The simulation and result analysis prove that the proposed algorithm could competently reduce the velocity and position error caused by the accelerometer size effect,and the theorotical analysis in the paper is validated.


The main principles which result in silicon nanowires(SiNWs) photoluminescence(PL) are systemically introduced,for example,quantum confinement effect,quantum size effect,Si nanoparticles emitting mechanism and impurities or defects emitting mechanism.At the same time,the research results and development of SiNWs PL principles in recent ten years both at home and abroad are summerized,from the perspective of the SiNWs diameter,test temperature,SiNWs external coated layer,SiNWs morphology and so on.


The stereo selective novel synthesis of (3S,3aR,6aS)-Hexahydrofuro [2,3-b] furan-3-yl (1S,2R)-3-(4-amino-N-isobutylphenylsulfonamido)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-hydroxypropylcarbamate (1), it involves the eight synthetic steps mainly which was accomplished from the intermediate 4-Amino-N-((2R,3S)-3-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-hydroxypropyl)-N-isobutyl benzenes sulfonamide. This reaction gave 88% yield, with an optical purity of 99.5% and purity of 99% for chiral alcohol.


The fully lithiated form of 5,5,10,10,15,15,20,20-octaethylporphyrinogen (H4L) synthesized in tetrahydrofuran (thf) has been structurally characterized in its solvated form Li4L·3thf, while its unsolvated form from n-hexane behaves as a 'superbase' capable of decomposing thf to the lithium enolate identified in the aggregate Li6L(OCHCH2)2·4thf.


ABSTRACT Introduction: The Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI) was initiated to capture data to be comparable to the Health and Retirement Survey (HRS) and hence used study instruments from the HRS. However, a rigorous psychometric evaluation before adaptation of cognitive tests may have indicated bias due to diversities across Indian states such as education, ethnicity, and urbanicity. In the present analysis, we evaluated if items show differential item functioning (DIF) by literacy, urbanicity, and education status. Methods: We calculated proportions for each item and weighted descriptive statistics of demographic characteristics in LASI. Next, we evaluated item-level measurement differences by testing for DIF using the alignment approach implemented using Mplus software. Observation: We found that cognitive items in the LASI interview demonstrate bias by education and literacy, but not urbanicity. Items relating to animal (word) fluency show DIF. The model rates correct identification of the prime minister as the most difficult binary response item whereas the day of the week and numeracy items are rated comparatively easier. Conclusions: Our study would facilitate comparison across education, literacy and urbancity to support analyses of differences in cognitive status. This would help future instrument development efforts by recognizing potentially problematic items in certain subgroups.


We present the clinical details and dopamine transporter SPECT scan results of 10 patients with arm tremor, including a rest component and reduced arm swing on the affected side, in whom the possibility of PD had been raised. All patients had signs of dystonia or components of their arm tremor that were compatible with dystonic tremor, and none had true akinesia with fatiguing or decrement, even after a mean follow‐up period of 5.8 years. All patients had normal dopamine transporter SPECT scans. Clinicians should be aware that primary adult‐onset dystonia can present with an asymmetric resting arm tremor, with impaired arm swing and sometimes also facial hypomimia or a jaw tremor, but without evidence of true akinesia. Given the important consequences of misdiagnosing such patients as PD, in cases with diagnostic uncertainty functional imaging should be considered. Among patients suspected of PD, dystonic tremor may be one cause of SWEDDs (Scans Without Evidence of Dopaminergic Deficit). © 2007 Movement Disorder Society


After the Nuclear disaster has ouccured in Fukushima on March 2011, the demand for renewable energy is increasing (cf. [Tag11b]). As a consequence of this event, Basel-City has decided to force owners of a house to install a self-financed solar collector if the house has ideal conditions for installing such a plant (cf. [Tag11a]). But can Solar power meet the expectations? There are organic and inorganic photoconductors on the market. Experts expect much more efficiencies of thin-film organic devices which are cheaper in production than their counterpart. "The chemical flexibility for modifications on organic semiconductors as well as the perspective of low cost, large-scale production drives the research in this field in academia and industry" [HS04]. And Monte Carlo (MC) simulation is a reasonable approach to achieve these performance improvements of disordered organic photoconductors. An advantage of this technique is that it can be considered as an idealized experiment carried out on samples of arbitrarily adjustable computational parameters. Thus it allows to determine which parameters are required to reproduce the properties of a real world sample and to check the validity of approximations (cf. [Bae93]). The goal of this Bachelor Thesis is to simulate charge transport in disordered organic photoconductors by designing and implementing a Monte-Carlo simulator according to Bässler's model published in 1993 (cf. [Bae93]). The difficulty in building the presented Monte-Carlo simulator was first to design a program that runs in a reasonable computational time and second to find out parameter configurations that were not described by Bässler (cf. sec. 5.1). It is shown that the higher the applied voltage the faster the electron-hopping to the cathode. This finding can also be seen in the visit probabilitiy distribution of an electron (cf. fig. 5.12 and fig. 5.13). We could also emulate the drift of carriers to energetic levels over time without any applied voltage (cf. fig. 5.8). In addition, it was simulated that there is an correlation between voltage and current (cf. sec. 5.3).


The synthesis of (E)-stilbenes was performed following a one-pot Suzuki/Heck sequence through the use of potassium vinyltrifluoroborate. The combination of heterogeneous palladium/silica (Pd/SiO 2 ) catalyst with potassium phosphate monohydrate (K,PO 4 ·H 2O ) as base resulted in useful to good isolated yields regardless of the ortho-, meta- or para-substitution of the aryl halides employed. In a sustainable approach, we found that bio-sourced 1,3-propanediol could advantageously replace N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) as similar yields were obtained. Moreover, the reactivity gap between aryl iodides and bromides resulting from the use of 1,3-propanediol allowed an efficient multi-component approach toward the synthesis of (E)-stilbenes. Furthermore, this heterogeneous catalyst was found to be extremely robust despite the use of aerobic conditions and was successfully re-used over several cycles.


This paper argues that Hegel has much to say to modern mathematial philosophy, although the Hegelian perspective needs to be substantially developed to incorporate within it the extensive advances in post-hegelian mathematics and its logic. Key to that perspective is the self-referential character of the fundamental concepts of philosophy. The Hegelian approach provides a framework for answering the philosophical problems, discussed by K. Godel in his paper on B. Russell, which arise out the existence in mathematics of self-referential, non-constructive concepts (such as class).


Android is currently the most widely used mobile environment. This trend encourages malware writers to develop specific attacks targeting this platform with threats designed to covertly collect data or financially extort victims, the so-called ransomware. In this paper we use formal methods, in particular model checking, to automatically dissect ransomware samples. Starting from manual inspection of few samples, we define a set of rule in order to check whether the behaviours we find are representative of ransomware functionalities.


To expedite flood relief in two neighborhoods, the District of Columbia Water and Sewer Authority accelerated the design and construction of the approximately 2,700 ft long First Street Tunnel, which can store up to 9 million gallons of stormwater and wastewater that otherwise would overwhelm the city's combined sewer system. To be completed this month, construction of the tunnel and its appurtenant facilities included ground freezing in several locations to minimize untoward effects on the dense urban neighborhood above.


The invention discloses a method for detecting battery service time. The method is applied to mobile intelligent equipment. The method comprises the steps of receiving a battery service time detecting instruction, obtaining specified system functional state parameters and electric quantity parameters of the mobile intelligent equipment according to the battery service time detecting instruction, computing the up time of the whole equipment and/or the up time of a single function according to the specified system functional state parameters and the electric quantity parameters, and outputting a computation result. Meanwhile, the invention further discloses a device and equipment for detecting battery service time. The method for detecting battery service time and the device and equipment for detecting battery service time can compute and display the up time of the whole equipment and/or the up time of the single function in real time according to remaining electric quantity, and therefore a user can distribute and use the electric quantity reasonably conveniently.


Network coding is a potential method that numerous investigators have move forwarded due to its significant advantages to enhance the proficiency of data communication. In this work, utilize simulations to assess the execution of various network topologies employing network coding. By contrasting the results of network and without network coding, it insists that network coding can improve the throughput, end-to-end delays, Packet Delivery Rate (PDR) and consistency. This paper presents the comparative performance analysis of network coding such as, XOR, LNC, and RLNC. The results demonstrates the XOR technique has attractive outcomes and can improve the real time performance metrics i.e.; throughput, end-to-end delay and PDR by substantial limitations. The analysis has been carried out based on packet size and also number of packets to be transmitted. Results illustrates that the network coding facilitate in dependence between networks.


The expression for power penalty is derived to clarify the relationship between fiber input power and error rate degradation, and calculation examples are presented. The result shows that a FSK heterodyne envelope detection system degrades more easily than a FSK direct detection system. >


This difficult problem that how to build the dynamic military symbol in the dynamic military symbol editor and marker module of the chain of command in battlefield is studied.The key to solute the problem is computing the reference point of the dynamic military symbol.Some ways of reference point is thought for fulfilling two kinds of dynamic military symbols.The experimental result indicates that they can implement the dynamic military symbol conveniently and satisfy the requirement of actual combat.


OBJECTIVE
To compare surgical outcomes in women who underwent vaginal hysterectomy with enlarged (> 12 weeks size) and non-prolapsed uterus utilizing different morcellation techniques with or without concomitant Deschamps needle use to vaginal hysterectomy for prolapsed uterus.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
Retrospective cohort study in women who underwent vaginal hysterectomy performed between January 2009 and June 2014 in the National Institute of Perinatology. The study group comprised 48 women who had vaginal hysterectomy with enlarged and non-prolapsed uterus in which were utilized different morcellation techniques with or without concomitant Deschamps needle use and 50 women who had vaginal hysterectomy for prolapsed uterus served as control.

RESULTS
The groups had statistical difference in age, number of cesarean sections, body mass index (BMI), grade of prolapse (Point Cx and D with POPQ quantification system) and surgical prediagnosis (p < 0.001); mean uterus weight was 182.5 g and 106 g, respectively (p < 0.001), as well as for transverse and antero-posterior dimensions and realization of morcellation with or without use of Deschamps needle. Both groups had no statistical difference in preoperative hemoglobin, concomitant surgeries for incontinence and prolapsed, estimated blood loss, operation time, length of stay and complications.

CONCLUSION
Vaginal hysterectomy utilizing different morcellation techniques with or without concomitant Deschamps needle use in women with enlarged and non-prolapsed uterus is safe, effective, and with similar complications to vaginal hysterectomies in prolapse uterus.


Models describing marital fertility are under consideration. In Arnqvist (Research Report 2, Mathematical Statistics, Umea University), a normal approximation of the waiting model was introduced. I ...


The use of plant waste product for maximum sustainability has led to the search for bio based raw material such as Chlorella vulgaris which can make a tremendous contribution on the ecological and economical production of different organic acids like lactic acid. This study aimed to evaluate the enzymatic and or acidic hydrolysis of Chlorella vulgaris cell wall Intercellular starch as a source of fermentable sugar for lactic acid production. Lactic acid was produced through acid hydrolysis, enzyme hydrolysis and a combination of acid and enzyme hydrolysis of four different substrates. Each of the substrate was inoculated with a lactic acid bacterium (Lactobacillus plantarum) and a fungus (Rhizopus oryzae) while acid/enzyme hydrolysis was inoculated with mixed culture of the organism within a retention period of tendays.  Results showed that the physico-chemical properties of C. vulgaris had a total carbohydrate of 17.4% and a reducing sugar of 24.0µg/ml. According to treatment, C. vulgaris had the highest reducing sugars (6.4 ± 0.2) and (4.4 ± 0.3) with Lactobacillus Enzyme Hydrolysis (LEH) and Rhizopus Enzyme Hydrolysis (REH) treatments, respectively indicating that C. vulgaris was the most hydrolyzed sample. Results of the optimization of various responses showed that using Corn Steep Liquor (CSL), REH day 2 treatment for fermentation at 370C for 48h were best combinations that yielded the optimal of Y1=0.249, Y2= 5.461 and Y3=33.704, respectively with a desirability of 0.619. The results indicated Chlorella vulgaris produced the highest lactic acid of about 20% signifying that its biomass contains high source of carbohydrate accessible for lactic acid production.


Data from the graduate reading lists of 58 leading Ph.D.-granting Spanish faculties in the United States provided information to characterize the current literary canon for the contemporary Spanish and Spanish American novel. The findings indicate little consensus. If "canonical" is defined as presence on 75 percent or more of the lists, then only one Spanish novel and three Spanish American novels are included. Counting multiple works, there are two canonical authors from Spain and ten from Hispanic America, none of them women. Only when the definition of "canonical" is stretched to include presence on one-quarter (25 percent) or more of the lists do women authors appear, and these are solely from Spain.


The present invention provides a method of modulating comprises at least a step of culturing the cells in suspension with the extract was frozen in a mammal sharp mammalian cell extracts, prepared by this method, and cultured mammalian cell extract, and the use of the cell-free protein synthesis method based extract. Preferably, the cell-free protein synthesis method comprises line holding step of a predetermined time in a state of cell-free protein synthesis system containing components other than the reaction mixture before performing foreign mRNA synthesis.


Key Points Question What are the effects of a smartphone-based preterm birth education program in early pregnancy on recommended parental preterm birth knowledge, preparation for decision-making, and parental anxiety? Finding In a parallel-group randomized clinical trial of 120 pregnant participants with a risk factor for preterm birth, those assigned to the smartphone preterm birth video education program (intervention group) had more knowledge of core competencies and were more prepared to make decisions that affect maternal and infant health, without experiencing increased anxiety, compared with participants assigned to the control group. Meaning Anticipatory preterm birth education in early pregnancy may empower parents with known preterm birth risk factors to participate in medical care decisions in the event of preterm birth.


It is a sustainable message across that kinetic energy as potential renewable energy. The Sustainable Floor uses the movement of people as source of energy. The kinetic energy of walking or dancing people converts into electricity which is used to make the floor react and interact visually and to power applications which show the direct electricity output of a person's moves. The electricity can also be fed back to the electricity grid, be used for energy application that create a unique Energy Experience, or power other customized local


A method for adding relay squelch circuits to receivers without adding other vacuum tubes to amplify the arc voltages is described. Precautions to be taken for best results are outlined and circuit diagrams are included. (J.R.D.)


Summary. ; This sedimentological map, whichs is being sold at Institut Geographique National, derives from a research carried on by a team of geomorphologists and geologists working in coordination in several laboratories. The project covers the inner continental shelf extending off the western coast of France. The principles of the map are indicated and discussed, and the five sheets pubtished so far are shortly described. Other sheets will be issued in a near future.


-The success of basic education curriculum reform depends on the quality of the teaching staff. The quality of the teaching staff depends on the higher normal colleges and universities. Higher normal universities should actively carry out the reform of teacher education mode, organically combine teachers' pre-service education and post-service education, and improve teachers' comprehensive quality and professional level. Based on the experience of U-S (University-School) cooperation, this paper takes the physics major as an example, summarizes the teaching reform experience of the physics normal major, and builds a training system for outstanding physics normal students.


The findings of Jensen-Long and Stiglitz on the optimality of the stock market allocation have led to a controversy over whether the sources of the nonoptimality of value maximization are noncompetive assumptions about the capital market or are inherent externalities associated with uncertainty which do not disappear even in a competitive market. At least, for the mean-variance model with constant returns to scale technologies, we claim that the answer is the former, and that the sources of the nonoptimality are nonpricetaking behavior by firms, restrictions on the availability of technologies to firms, and restrictions on the number of firms that can enter. Using both tatonnement and nontatonnement processes, it is shown that if firms value maximize, then the Jensen-Long and Stiglitz equilibria are unstable with respect to the number of firms. If the restrictions on the availability of technologies and on the number of firms that can enter are relaxed, then the equilibrium will be a Pareto optimum in most cases, and in no case will the aggregate amount of investment be less than the Pareto optimal amount. If firms act as price takers (with or without the other restrictions), then the equilibrium is a Pareto optimum


Monodominant GMS segregation population of rapeseed (Brassica napus L)was used as experiment material in this research, which was bred by Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province. Their fertility and floral organ character were investigated. The inheritance of the monodominant GMS was discussed. The results showed that this type of male sterility was controlled by monogenic gene. Bulked segregation analysis (BSA) strategy was employed to identify random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) markers linked to the Ms gene. A total of 300 arbitrary 10mer oligonucleotide primers were screened on the DNA of fertile and sterile bulks. Primer S243(5'CTATGCCGAC 3') gives repeatable polymorphism between the two bulks. DNA from individual plants of each bulks and their sister lines were then used as templates for screening with the primer S243 . DNA polymorphism generated by the primer S243 were verified linking with the Ms gene of monodominant GMS.


Over the last several years, a new type of sensing modality has emerged for activity recognition and context modeling applications: photographs taken with wearable cameras. Often referred to as "egocentric" photos, these images capture human activities in naturalistic settings with unprecedented richness in detail. Thanks to advances in computer vision algorithms, these egocentric photos can now be processed for evidence of human activities and behaviors with remarkable accuracy. In this talk, I will demonstrate how we have used egocentric photos in two health-oriented applications. I will also discuss practical shortcomings of egocentric image approaches and how we have attempted to address them in our research.


Phytochemical analyses of Geigeria alata (Benth. & Hook.) and Froncoeuria crispa (Forssk., Cas.) (Asteraceae) essential oils were performed. G. akita oil showed moderate in vitro cytotoxicity (IC50, pg/mI against tumor cells; P388: 2.0, A549: 2.5 and HT-29: 5.0), and also showed weak anti-HIV activity. S-Carvotanacetone, the major component of F. crispa oil (93.0 %), was isolated and its structure was elucidated by 2D-NMR analysis. The genus Geigeria (Inuleae, Asteraceae) with about 30 species is mainly distributed in Africa, and South Arabia (1). Geigeria is known for its vomiting effect on sheep and cytotoxic sesquiterpene lactone contents (2—4). Geigeria alata (Benth. & Hook.) ethanol extract showed a potent in vitro cytotoxicity effect against tumor cells P388 (IC50 < 1 .0 pg/mI) which initiated its chemical investigation. The genus Francoeuria, which belongs to the same tribe and family as Geigeria, is placed as a section in Pulicaria and the extensive chemical investigations of its representatives resulted in the isolation of several sesquiterpene lactones and diterpene giycosides (5—6). Francoeuria crispa (Forssk., Cas.) (syn. Pulicczria crispa, knownas gethgath) is a plant that is used in folk medicine by people of southern Egypt and Saudi Arabia to treat inflammation and as an insect repellent (7). it was a subject for Microorganism MID of 1 MID of 2 MID of N standard C antibioticsb A B. cereus (ATCC 11778) 1/1600 NT i/10 1/10 1/10 C. albicans (ATCC 10231) <1/200 1/250 NT NT NT Str.faecalis (ATCC 1950) 1/800 NT 1/10 i/10 i/iO St. aureus (ATCC6538) 1/800 1/2000 1/10 i/iO i/10 St.epidermidis B. subti!is (ATCC 12228) (ATCC6633) 1/400 1/1600 1/500 1/2000 1/10 1/i0 i/i0 i/i0 1/iO i/i0 Ps.aeruginoso E.coli (ATCC9O27) (ATCC1O536) 1/200 <1/100 <1/400 <1/125 i/i0 1/106 i/i0 1/10 1/106 1/10 480 Planta Med. 63(1997) Letters phytochemical investigations, which resulted in the isolation of several potential cancer chemopreventive and cytotoxic sesquiterpene lactones (8, 9). The present report represents the first phytochemical and biological study of the essential oils of both title plants. GC/MS analysis of Geigeria alata essential oil revealed the presence of 55 components. Out of them, 39 components were identified, representing 86% of the total components (Table 1). The major component of the oil is a-pinene (23.0%). The oil showed moderate in vitro cytotoxicity against several tumor cell lines (IC50, jig/mI against: P388 mouse lymphoma: 2.0; A549 human lung carcinoma: 2.5, and HT-29 human colon carcinoma: 5.0). It also showed weak in vitro anti-HIV activity, Table 1 Composition of Geigeria alata essential oil. inhibiting 26% of virus at the lowest tested concentration (0.005 pg/mI). Analysis ofF. crispa oil showed the presence of 26 components, 16 of which were identified, representing 97.9% of the total components (Table 2). The GC data of the major component (93.0%, tR: 20.15 minutes, RI: 1251) did not match any of our 500 compounds library. Repeated preparative silica gel TLC of the oil using n-hexane-acetone (9.5 :0.5) afforded I which proved to be S-carvotanacetone based on 1 Dand 2D-NMR analysis (Table 3 and Figure 1). S-Carvotanacetone (I) was reported previously from oils of Blumea spp., Sium latijugum, and Artemisia kaurramensis (6). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of 13C-NMR data of 1. The configuration of the tR RI Component % tR RI Component % 6.72 919 Tricyclene 7.17 935 a-Pinene 7.63 950 Camphene 7.70 951 Dimethyl-bicyclo[3. 1 ]hepta-2(8),3-didiene<6,6-> 8.40 972 Sabinene 8.55 977 f3-Pinene 8.96 987 Myrcene 10.22 1022 ortho-Cymene 10.43 1028 Limonene 12.95 1089 Unknown(M152,137,119,109,1O5,91, 79, 72, 53,41*) 13.24 1096 Unknown (M 136,121,107,93,80,71,55. 41*) 13.98 1114 13-Thujone 15.0


Power system inter-area oscillations curtail the power transferring capabilities of the transmission lines in a large interconnected power system. Accurate identification of dominant modes and associated contributing generators is important to avoid power system failures by taking appropriate remedial measures. This paper proposes a multi-channel Improved Dynamic Mode Decomposition (IDMD) algorithm-based modal analysis technique using Synchrophasors measurement. First, a reduced-order dynamic power system model is estimated and using this model dominant oscillation modes, corresponding modes shapes, damping ratio, coherent group of generators, participation factors are determined. To improve the accuracy data stacking technique is used to capture detailed information of the system. An optimal hard threshold technique is utilized to select the most optimal model order to avoid uncertainties due to the presence of high level of measurement noise. The study results show that the proposed algorithm gives an accurate and robust solution even in systems having high level of noise in the measurement data. The performance of the proposed technique is tested on simulated data from two-area four-machine system and wNAPS 41-bus 16-generator system with PMU measurements corrupted with different levels of measurement noise. To further strengthen the viewpoint, the proposed method is validated on real-time PMU measurement from ISO New England data to validate the accuracy of the proposed work.


The principal focus of contemporary comparative law is the convergence of common law and civil law systems. This Thematic Issue, concentrating as it does on the common law, also manifests the significance of this comparative law focus. The particular strength of the common law approach was never better stated than by Oliver Wendell Holmes, who said: It is the merit of the common law that it decides the case first and determines the principle afterwards ... It is only after a series of determinations on the same subject matter, that it becomes necessary to 'reconcile the cases', as it is called, that is, by a true induction to state the principle which has until then been obscurely felt. And this statement is often modified more than once by new decisions before the abstracted general rule takes its final shape. A well settled legal doctrine embodies the work of many minds, and has been tested in form as well as substance by trained critics whose practical interest is to resist it at every step.1 The formulation of codes or the enactment of legislation is not always tested in this rigorous manner. Nevertheless, statutes occupy more and more areas hitherto the subject of case law including, in the last year or so in Australia, significant aspects of the law of torts. Some areas have been, in effect, codified, eg New South Wales, Tasmania and the Commonwealth level in the Evidence Act. On the part of the civil law, the process of codification includes the tendency to adopt adversarial, in substitution for investigatorial, procedures. The multifaceted process known as globalisation, reinforced by the speed of contemporary communications, both physical and electronic, will inevitably accentuate these trends. As Chief Justice Gleeson has pointed out: Our law is increasingly aware of, and responsive to, the guidance we can receive from civil law countries. ... The forces of globalisation tend to standardise the questions to which a legal system must respond. It is only to be expected that there will be an increasing standardisation of the answers.2 Notwithstanding the process of convergence, there remains a fundamental distinction between a system which recognises judicial decision making as an authoritative source of law and a system which does not. Without a formal


This stadium which, having 113.60 m diameter in the base is one of the biggest circular pavillions in the world comprises a 60 X 30 m sports field, four racing tracks and a veloromo. It also has two grandstands, with capacity for 6,300 seats, and all the necessary installations for holding any type of sporting or social event.
For its construction, a system of prefabricated parts was chosen which, in essence, comprises the following: a series of reinforced concrete supports, placed in the periphery on individual foundations; and a metal sheet monolythic roof, in the shape of an inverted cone, with an 112 m free span without supports, hung from the supports and tensioned by a central reinforced concrete slab, on which the heating and ventilation installations have been placed. This roof, placed at a height of 22 m, weighs 445 tons.
The construction is completed with the grandstand seats, statically separate from the rest of the structure, and made up of prefabricated angular components, resting on concrete frames made on site.


In the end of the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties,the new era of China feudal society came after cardinal guides and the five constant virtues as well.Jiangyou has developed fast and manifested actively.The heroes,such as Zhong Chuan and Peng Gan,came thick and fast,and some of them succeed as the guardian of people of Jiangyou.Peng Gan's lineage migrated to Hunan west and developed until the Ming and Qing Dynasties.Song Qiqiu made great contributions to the building of South Tang Dynasty,and the active influences of his policies of taxes stayed till the middle period of North Song Dynasty.These heroes not only laied a foundation for Jiangyou's prosperity in the Song Dynasty,but also made great achievements for the change of academic orientation and the core of ideological system between the Tang Dynasty and the Song Dynasty.


Introduction: Blockade of immune checkpoints has improved clinical outcomes for patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but its role in the perioperative setting for early-stage disease is unclear. We generated preclinical models of resectable NSCLC expressing an antigen that permits quantitative assessment of the immune response and compared survival, tumor recurrence, and immune response after neoadjuvant or adjuvant immunotherapy. Experimental Procedures: We transfected murine 344SQ NSCLC cells with an ovalbumin-expression plasmid to generate OVA+ cells that can be identified with an antibody against the peptide SIINFEKL bound to H-2Kb of MHC-I. We implanted 344SQ-OVA+ cells in the flank of syngeneic mice and then randomized mice with established tumors to either 3 doses of neoadjuvant IgG, anti-PD-1, anti-CTLA-4, anti-PD-1+anti-CTLA-4, or to observation. Primary tumors were resected in all mice 2 days after mice in the neoadjuvant group had received their last dose of therapy. Two days post-surgery, mice in the observation group were treated with 3 doses of adjuvant IgG, anti-PD-1, anti-CTLA-4, anti-PD-1+anti-CTLA-4. Mice were euthanized 4 weeks after injection or when moribund and their survival recorded and lung metastases counted. We determined the composition of CD3+CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) with flow cytometry using tetramers against SIINFEKL-specific T cell receptors and immunohistochemical staining of tumors. Results: Single agent and combined immunotherapy significantly prolonged survival compared to controls in both neoadjuvant and adjuvant groups (p Conclusions: Neoadjuvant combined immune checkpoint blockade is superior to adjuvant immunotherapy at prolonging survival, reducing distal recurrence and inducing anti-tumor immunity in preclinical models of resectable NSCLC. Citation Format: Tina Cascone, Haifa Hamdi, Fahao Zhang, Alissa Poteete, Lerong Li, Courtney W. Hudgens, Leila J. Williams, Qiuyu Wu, Jayanthi Gudikote, Weiyi Peng, Patrick Hwu, Jing Wang, Michael Tetzlaff, William N. William, John V. Heymach. Superior efficacy of neoadjuvant compared to adjuvant immune checkpoint blockade in non-small cell lung cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1719.


An experimental approach is proposed to study the evolution of structural and mechanical characteristics of cement stone in the process of hydration. This approach is based on the use of computed tomography methods and the determination of the strength at different times of the setting of concrete compositions. It is shown that modifying additives of calcium formate and redispersible polymer powder provide an increase in strength at the initial setting time. In this case, the highest strength value 30 minutes after mixing is achieved for a composition with 2% content of redispersible polymer powder by weight of cement. The highest density is demonstrated by compositions with additives of redispersible polymer powder. A developed experimental approach, combining a non-destructive computed tomography method and a direct assessment of the compressive strength of samples of multicomponent concrete of various compositions, makes it possible to effectively evaluate the effect of modifying additives on the properties of modified concrete.


Sweden has long been recognized as an egalitarian Nordic welfare state, which promotes generous labor and citizenship rights for its residents, including women and immigrants. In cultural discourse and academic studies, high labor force participation signifies social equality for women, as well as successful integration for immigrants. This paper uses the experiences and attitudes of immigrant women in Sweden as a platform to study the links between Sweden's progressive gender norms, employment culture, and immigration policies. I examine pre-immigration and post-immigration factors that may affect women's attitudes about working after they move to Sweden. I categorize this research as a study of "cultural employment integration" to signify that it combines notions of cultural and economic immigrant integration. I designed the study to take into account the diverse cultural factors in immigrant women's lives in order to question common notions about whether and why immigrant women would like to be employed. The empirical foundation for this paper is 22 interviews I conducted with 23 immigrant women living in the "multicultural" city of Malmo, Sweden, in 2012. I asked interviewees about their family backgrounds, immigration histories, work experiences, and beliefs about familial responsibilities, both before and after moving to Sweden. Five common trends emerged as important to women's attitudes about work: mothering, family experiences, educational experiences and attitudes, Swedish language skill, and participants' perceptions of gender norms in their home countries and in Sweden. These five facets are central to the gender equality discourse in Sweden. The discussion expands previous studies of immigration by considering the effects of gender, ethnicity, previous experiences, and citizenship on women's post-immigration attitudes. The results may be useful to consider when designing cultural and employment integration programs for immigrant women.


This research has two objectives: (1) to identify the forms of hybridity and mimicry done by Indian immigrant characters in the US, (2) to analyze how hybridity and mimicry affect their identity. Therefore, post-colonialism theory specifically on the discussion upon hybridity and mimicry is applied.
 This research falls into qualitative research. The data of this research are in the forms of words, sentences and paragraphs taken from Lahiri's The Lowland related to the form of hybridity and mimicry done by the characters and the effects on their identity. The content analysis technique is used to analyze the data by reading, understanding and interpreting the data.
 The results of this research are that the form of hybridity experienced by the characters is linguistic hybridity and the forms of mimicry done by the characters are mimicry of manner, value and lifestyle. The interpretation of the data shows that hybridity and mimicry lead the characters to have double consciousness.


Rose Arcehas 11ern a producer in ti't' CNN New York Hurtau jor threeYt'ars. Whilt: 7l'Orking at WCBS-TV hi Nt"lLI York, shewon hi'" NelL' YorkEmmysfor spot 1lL'U'S and inl't'Stigafiug reporting. Size shared a Pulitzer Prize with collmgues for a slI l1way crash story while at New York Nro1Stllly. Insome ways, Rose Arce was un iquely qualified to cover the events ofSep t. 1I. As a WCBS-TV re po rte r, she had c o v e r e d the World T r a d e Ce nter bombing on Feb. 26, 1993. She had shared a Pulitzer Prize with colleagues for a subway crash story she had covered for New York Newsday.She covered plane crashes and othe r disasters there. Rose,a CNN producer, just wanted to spend a few minutes enjoying a beautiful, sunny day in New York City before running ove r to her local polling cen ter to cast her vote in the primary mayoral race. "I was goi ng to vote and then cover the e lection . I was told 1 would be working a late shift," she sa id . But first, she we nt to get coffee at a deli across the st reet. "It was a really beautiful day, just a gorg e o u s day . Usually by Sept. II it' s gray already." After she got her coffee, she heard on NPR radi o that something happened at the World Trade Center. " It sounded ominous . I immed iately flipped on my cell phone and called the office. 1 said, ' I heard abou t the World Trade Center. Where do you want me to go because I'm going to start running downtown?' Whoever answered the phone said, 'Just go, go, go and call us when you get there: " Rose lives near Horatioand Washington, which make a straight line down to the Trade Center. "I started running south, and people were just standing in the stree t. Iooking up.1got