This paper attempts to define the role of the clinical director (CD) with reference to the strategic contribution they can make to health service organizations. Drawing on reflections and evidence gained from developing, running and evaluating a three-year, regionally based, management development programme for CDs, three ways of potentially enhancing strategic capability are identified. These are to do with promoting knowledge connectivity, challenging the dominant managerial logic and acting as a link-pin in inter- and intra-organizational learning networks. Ways in which planned managerial learning and development can help promote this capability are explored.


Q uasiclassicalgeneralized W eierstrassrepresentation forhighly corrugated surfaces in R 3 with slow m odulation is proposed. Integrable deform ations ofsuch surfaces are described by the dispersionless m odi(cid:12)ed Veselov-N ovikov hierarchy.


Zidian Wu and I. P. WilliamsAstronomy Unit, Queen Mary and Westfield College, University of London,Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UKAbstractIt is well known that some meteor showers display a very high level ofactivity at certain times, the most famous being the Leonid shower with veryspectacular displays at roughly 33 year intervals. This period being also theperiod of the parent comet of the stream, Comet Tempel-Tuttle. Aninvestigation of the geometry of the comet and the Earth at the time of eachhigh activity occurrence by Yeomans (1981) suggests that most of themeteoroids are found outside the cometary orbit and lagging the comet.In this paper we simulate the formation process of such a stream bynumerically integrating the orbits of dust particles ejected from the cometand moving under the influence of gravity and radiation pressure. Theintersection of these dust particles with the Earth is also considered and it isconcluded that about 12% of the ejected particles may be observed and thatof those observable, 63% will be outside the cometary orbit and behind thecomet.1. IntroductionThe Leonid meteor shower is one of the most famous meteor showers because of itsvery spectacular appearance, at periodic intervals, especially in 1799 and 1833.Newton (1863,1864) and Adams (1866) suggested that the orbital period of whateverphenomenon was responsible could be about 33.25 years. Comet P/Tempel-Tuttle (or1866 I) was discovered by both Tempel and Tuttle in 1866, and, because of its orbitalsimilarity to the Leonids, is considered the parent comet of the stream (eg. Schiaparelli,1867). The period of comet Tempel-Tuttle is 33.3 years. After its 1866 discovery, tworeturns were not seen, but on June 30, 1965, the comet was recovered by Schubart(1965). By using Whipple's model for the ejection of dust from comets (Whipple,1951) Mclntosh (1973) investigated the orbital evolution of particles in three massintervals, at lg, 0.1g and 0.01g. and compared the results with radar observations ofthe stream over a 10 year interval. Yeomans (1981) showed the empirical distributionof dust surrounding Comet P/Tempel-Tutfle by analyzing the associated Leonid meteorshower data over the interval 902-1969. He found that the majority of the particlesobserved were located at a position outside the comet and lagging behind it. Essentially,this information concerning the location of the meteoroids is given as Fig. 1. It shouldbe stressed that this gives information onwhere the Earth was when stream activity wasdetected. It says nothing about the situation where the Earth has not been.The non-gravitational effects required to explain the deviation of comet Tempel-Tuttle from pure gravitational motion implies a preferential ejection of gas and dust inthe solar direction, resulting in the particles subsequently being found inside theoriginal orbit and ahead of the comet. Yeomans therefore concluded that radiationpressure and planetary perturbation, must play an important part in the dynamicevolution of the Leonid meteoroids and it is interesting to enquire how these effects ofplanetary perturbations and radiation pressure affect the orbital motion so as to place themeteoroids in locations opposite to what was expected. We will also discuss theselectivity of the observation (Babadzhanov and Obrubov, 1987).


A field experiment was designed to test several predictions derived from the Piliavin and Piliavin cost-reward model of helping behavior. Female and male subjects' reported intent to help a hemophiliac in a nearby hospital was unrelated to the costs for helping, the costs for not helping, and the order in which the subjects received the costs' manipulations. The obtained rates of helping were also unrelated to whether or not subjects reported having donated previously. Failure to obtain the predicted results is discussed.


Introduction: The Polemics of Deconstruction Aesthetic Origins and End Conditions Interpretations of Image, Text, and Form Space, Place, and Public Gathering Conclusion: Reversible Space and Linear Time Glossary Bibliography


A multi-purpose computer work aiding board includes a board body, a rotary disk having a top face forming a mouse pad, and a substantially inverted U-shaped copy holding frame. A top face of the board body being provided with a plurality of recessed grooves of different sizes that are adapted to accommodate disks of different sizes in an upright position or to receive a mouse and stationery items. Four sides of a bottom face of the board body form struts such that, when the board body is placed in a position, a lower end of the board body forms a through space for receiving the rotary disk, a disk rim portion of the rotary disk forming a pivot mounting hole. The bottom of the board body is provided with at least one strut forming a pivot for insertion into the pivot mounting hole such that the rotary disk can be rotatably turned sideways into or out of the through space, a periphery of the top face of the board body forming a recess for receiving the copy holding frame. The recess is pivotally connected to two side root portions of the copy holding frame in corresponding positions such that the copy holding frame may be lifted from the recess for holding a copy in an upright position.


The soft heating method is an induction heating method utilizing temperature-sensitive magnetic materials implanted in the body. In this method, the Curie temperature is the reference temperature and the generation of heat is controlled automatically. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of three kinds of soft heating elements: a temperature-sensitive ferrite rod, which is a hybrid device, ferrite powders, and temperature-sensitive Fe-P-C-Cr amorphous metal flakes. The ferrite rod can be applied to treatment of tumors in the rectum or vagina, and the amorphous metal flakes to deep-seated tumors.


In the above paper [see ibid., p. 661-3, October 1995], a new residue to binary converter design based on the theory which uses four operand modular adder to compute the value of S* is described. An improvement in which computational simplification of X* and its realization using three operand modular adder is presented.


Ultraviolet radiation curing system (10) is disclosed for processing a substrate (26) such as an optical fiber cable or silicone tubing. System (10) is provided with a process chamber (12), continuous piece of substrate (26) to be processed is conveyed. When the substrate (26) moves through the process chamber (12), ultraviolet radiation from the microwave generator activated by (36) plasma lamp (34), treating the surface of the substrate (26). System (10) has two different elliptical reflector size with a (42, 46), is a substrate of a large diameter to be efficiently treated with ultraviolet radiation. Comprising a system (10) also includes an ultraviolet transmission conduit (54), which surrounds the substrate (26) is divided into a first portion (84) and a second portion (86), the second portion (86) is move from the first portion (84), open the conduit (54), the interior of the conduit (54) and the process chamber (12), to be inserted to align the substrate (26) .


Various global, interacting phenomena are threatening the precarious balance that has so far allowed the consolidation of the universal right of access to information. The crisis of the traditional business model that sustained the practice of journalism during the twentieth century is now compounded by the technological complexity of journalism practice; this has led to a diversification and increased technification of professional profiles. At the same time, consumption patterns and the role of audiences are changing, gaining a greater influence on the production and dissemination of contents. The threat of disinformation, a phenomenon amplified by modern social networks, dwells on top of this and has become a patent risk for Western democracies. In this context, attention should be drawn to professional journalism as a key instrument for preserving the universal right of access to information.


In order to study homogeneous system of linear differential equations, I considered vector space over division D-algebra and the theory of eigenvalues in non commutative division D-algebra. Since product in algebra is non-commutative, I considered two forms of product of matrices (section 2) and two forms of eigenvalues (section 4). In sections 5, 6, 7, I considered solving of homogenius system of differential equations.


The complexities of research in science have been increasing extremely. Numerous mathematical models have been developed. Matrix has been used popularly to model numerous and complex science and engineering problems. It is found that as the dimension of the matrix grows in size, the complexities of matrix computation increase. This problem may be solved by using large computer system (i.e. mainframe). However, its operational is very costly. Another solution is to utilize parallel computing, which are able to cut off the operational cost. A recent advance in parallel programming is the introduction of MapReduce, as a new approach in parallel programming. MapReduce can perform calculations with distributed method by utilizing an idle processor. In this research, the performance of MapReduce in matrix operation is compared to other conventional methods, which are Single Processor and Threads. The performances are assessed by comparing the execution time, CPU usage, and RAM usage of each approach. The results show that MapReduce performed better than the other approaches.


There are several kinds of nanofiller's effect on silicone rubber inhibitors had been investigated. The result show that smaller diameter of particle will get better reinforcement effect, when 20nm Fe2O3 amount up to 10%, silicone rubber strength will get to 5.16Mpa, Different filler added into the silicone rubber show that quite different result, Fe2O3 is not only improve tensile strength but also enhance the heat stability of silicone rubber, and heat quality resume from 30.15%up to 86.15% at 500°C.


Child labor aff ects more than five million of children and adolescents in Brazil. It is mainly atributed to poverty. This article aims to study the characteristics of families with and without records of child labor registered in the Bolsa-Escola Program in Belo Horizonte city, and to compare the two groups in order to identify factors possibly associated with child labor. It is a cross-sectional study of 9,252 families that took part in the Program from 2003 to 2006. It were analyzed the characteristics of the home, the mother and family. Among the 9,252 families studied, 1,293 (13.9%) had a record of child labo r. There was positive relationship between the occurrence of child labor and the greatest number of people in the house, the absence of the husband at home, low level of maternal education, and labor market insertion of the mother. Despite the consolidation of the Program, child labor still exists in these families. In addition to poverty, other factors may contribute to child labor.


Almost 500 years ago, Paracelsus already stated: 'Sola dosis facit venenum'. This famous adage underlines a basic principle in the world of toxicology: every substance can be poisonous, as long as the dose is high enough. This fundamental rule still applies in modern times, reflected by the substantial burden of both accidental and intentional poisoning in the US. 1 Also in the Netherlands, an astonishing documented number of 33,700 patients were exposed to toxic substances in 2014, mostly pharmaceutical drugs (56%), followed by household cleaning substances (16%) and food, drinks and stimulants (7%). 2 In contrast to the current era of evidence-based medicine, many antidotes or treatment strategies in intoxicated patients are solely based on anecdotal reports, case series, animal studies and expert opinions. This is reflected by the absence of clear guidelines and further underlined by the findings of Duineveld and colleagues, 3 who demonstrated considerable variation in the care of intoxicated patients in Dutch hospitals. In a subsequent prospective study, two algorithms to predict the need for treatment in intoxicated patients were implemented in clinical practice, with promising results in terms of good sensitivity and better specificity than routine clinical care. 4 These findings underscore the need for evidence-based practical guidelines, in order to improve clinical care and maximise efficacy. In the current issue of the Journal, Rietjens and co-workers provide an in-depth overview of the treatment options in calcium channel antagonist (CCA) poisoning, and merge these recommendations into a practical algorithm. 5


The present paper is part of a wide ranging study on metal and TiN particulate reinforced sialon matrix composites. This study deals with two different systems. They are ceramic-ceramic and ceramic/metal composites.


Abstract In this paper we study the existence and the dynamics of a very special class of motions, which satisfy a strong global minimization property. More precisely, we call a free time minimizer a curve which satisfies the least action principle between any pair of its points without the constraint of time for the variations. An example of a free time minimizer defined on an unbounded interval is a parabolic homothetic motion by a minimal central configuration. The existence of a large amount of free time minimizers can be deduced from the weak KAM theorem. In particular, for any choice of x0, there should be at least one free time minimizer x(t) defined for all t ≥ 0 and satisfying x(0)=x0. We prove that such motions are completely parabolic. Using Marchal's theorem we deduce as a corollary that there are no entire free time minimizers, i.e. defined on $\mathbb{R}$. This means that the Mañé set of the Newtonian N-body problem is empty.


The energy of elementary excitations in the superlattice consisting of ferromagnetic planes interacting ferromagnetically described by the Heisenberg ferromagnet is discussed. Standard approach is to linearize the equations of motion for the particular spins and formulate the transfer matrix for the system. Its trace leads to the energy of the elementary excitations. We show that this linearization is completely equivalent to the substitution of spin operators with Bose‐operators in Bloch's approximation. Then one can perform the diagonalization of the Hamiltonian using a simple unitary transformation, leading to the same energy of elementary excitations. This opens new possibilities for the calculation with superlattices.


e13013Background: The treatment prospects for Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 positive (HER2p) breast cancer (BC) patients are continuously evolving, however, BC remains a major public hea...


The paper examines the information literacy function of libraries as an
indispensable catalyst in educational and national development. It also discusses
specific and concrete ways in which libraries facilitate such development
through the skills inculcated into users. Realities and peculiarities of library
services in developing countries were reviewed. It concludes that since only
enlightened, creative and skilled workforce can translate to development,
adequate investment in libraries becomes a sine-qua-non.


To the Editor. — I read with interest the paper entitled "Vascular Access for Cancer Chemotherapy" by Lempert, Knight, and Karmody (237:1964, 1977). The procedure they describe for improving vascular access for cancer chemotherapy was first described in the Southern Medical Journal in July 1974. 1 In this report, we described our experience with 26 patients in whom arteriovenous fistulas were created to improve vascular access for chemotherapy. We emphasized that the fistula should be created before the difficulties with vascular access arise. In this way a bovine graft can be avoided, and equally good, if not superior, results can be obtained with a smaller surgical procedure. In patients undergoing long-term chemotherapy with the accompanying leukopenia, the resistance to infection is almost always decreased. The magnitude of any surgical procedure in these patients should be minimized in view of the risks of sepsis, morbidity, and even mortality.


We demonstrate that Ranunculus ailaoshanicus (Ranunculaceae) described from Ailao Shan, Yunnan, China, is conspecific with R. ficariifolius , a very widespread and highly variable species. We therefore place the former in synonymy within the latter.


Brief: Reducing housing discrimination Housing discrimination persists in American society despite efforts to eliminate it over the 50 years since the enactment of fair housing laws. Over time, discrimination has become more subtle, with housing owners and their representatives often treating prospective renters and buyers differentially rather than explicitly refusing to rent or sell on the basis of race or ethnicity. This brief presents guidance on how communities can take direct steps to address various forms of discrimination. Read the brief


A general theory for the melting of two dimensional solids explaining the variety of scenarios observed in different kind of models is up to date an open problem. Although the celebrated KTHNY theory have been able to predict the critical properties of the melting transition in a variety cases, it is already known that it is not able to capture the occurrence of first order transitions observed in certain systems. Moreover the analytical determination of non-universal quantities like the melting temperature within this theory remains widely open. In the present work we have developed a method that combines Self Consistent Variational Approximation with the Renormalization Group in order to deal simultaneously with the phonon fluctuations and the topological defects present in the melting process of two dimensional crystals. The method was applied with impressive success to the study of the phase diagram of the Gaussian-core model, capturing not only the reentrant feature of its 2D solid phase, but also the related critical temperatures as a function of the density in quantitative detail. The developed method can be directly applied to study the melting of any hexagonal simple crystal formed by particles interacting through any finite pairwise interaction potential. Additionally, it has the potential to explain the occurrence of first order transitions in the melting process of two dimensional crystals.


In this topic of E-notice board, The communication technology has grown fast from last decade. Theadvantages of having Embedded System in Communication" has given birth to lots of real time applications. Applications are developed with their real time application along with domestic applicationsuch as smart phones, smart televisions,smart refrigerators, so why not smart displays boards for advertisements and notices. So thisproject is developed with PIC16F1829 micro-controller. The micro-controller provides all thefunctionality to display notices. The display of led matrix is design using zero PCB on which 8x8 matrix is developed. A text message from a PC or keyboard is sent via serial cable to the micro-controllerwhich is at receiving end. Themessage which is stored in EEPROM is than displayed onthe LED dot matrix display board. This hardware uses 5V, 500mA power supply.


The decline of public transport is not inevitable. As discussed in this article, public policies can produce large ridership growth even in countries where auto ownership levels are already high and growing, and where suburbanization is occurring at a rapid pace. The focus is on public transport in Western Germany, generally considered by Europeans to be the ideal model of transit coordination. Multimodal coordination successes in Germany encouraged similar efforts in Switzerland, Austria and the Netherlands. Could similar policy and organizational reforms eventually be adopted in the United States?


The precise knowledge of decay heat is one of the most important factors in safety design and operation of nuclear power facilities. Furthermore, decay heat data also play an important role in design of fuel discharges, fuel storage and transport flasks, and in spent fuel management and processing. In this study, a new application program, called DHP (Decay Heat Power program), has been developed for exact decay heat summation calculations, uncertainty analysis, and for determination of the individual contribution of each fission product. The analytical methods were applied in the program without any simplification or approximation, in which all of linear and non-linear decay chains, and 12 decay modes, including ground state and meta-stable states, are automatically identified, and processed by using a decay data library and a fission yield data file, both in ENDF/B-VI format. The window interface of the program is designed with optional properties which is very easy for users to run the code.


In order to better understand the impact of fractal features of pore-throat structures on effective physical properties of tight gas sandstones, this paper carried out constant-rate mercury injecti...


Objective:To explore the method and effect of electrocoagulation hemostasis in treating severe epistaxis under nasal endoscope. Method: Under nasal endoscope, the bleeding points of 48 patients were found. A metal suction tube coated by disposable perfusion tube was made by ourselves, its anterior part was used to suct and contact the bleeding points, its posterior part contacting electrotome was used for to electrocoagulation hemostasis.Result:Among 48 cases, 46 had hemostasis once successfully, 2 bled again and were cured by twice treatment. Conclusion: Electrocoagulation for hemostasis under nasal endoscope can confirm the masked bleeding points in meatus or roof of nose, and coagulate them effectively. The local and general complications induced by long tensive packing are released.


In a fiber-optic gyroscope optical heterodyne detection techniques are suited to obtain a stable scale factor and a linear output of the Sagnac phase shift, as well as a wide dynamic range to detect the rotation rate1). Nevertheless, it is rather hard to contrive a clever fiber-optic system by which a stable output is produced in the presence of environmental noise factors. For example, the presence of frequency difference between the two optical waves counterpropagating in a fiber coil yields a phase bias in the heterodyne output, which is a factor fluctuating the phase output2). Another fluctuating factor also arises from the separate paths transmitted by the two counterpropagating optical waves3). In order to overcome such problems, a novel heterodyne detection scheme was proposed previously4). The proposed system incorporated an orthogonally polarized two -frequency laser beam in conjunction with a single fiber-optic interferometric system using a polarization-maintaining single-mode fiber-coil. However, it was soon proved that the mode coupling effect between the orthogonal components guided in the fiber coil was an unavoidable fluctuating factor in the gyroscope operation. In this paper another novel scheme is proposed to avoide such drawbacks. Two reversed fiber coils play an essential role in the proposed scheme.


Abstract This study sought to identify profiles of positive youth development (PYD) integrating racial–ethnic factors, specifically racial–ethnic pride and perceived racial–ethnic barriers in a sample of African American (77%) and Latino (23%) children (N = 234, Mean age = 8). Using a latent profile analysis, we found three profiles: The High PYD, Proud, & Optimistic (High PYD, racial–ethnic pride, and low perceived racial–ethnic barriers), the High PYD, Proud, & Aware (high PYD, pride, and perceived barriers), and the Low PYD and Disconnected (low PYD, pride, and high barriers). The Optimistic profile exhibited fewer overall adjustment problems and higher standardized achievement at Time 2 than both the Aware and the Disconnected profiles. The Aware and the Disconnected showed similar adjustments. This study highlights the critical role of helping youth to feel competent, caring, connected, and proud, which further supports the role of sociocultural factors in the PYD of African American and Latino children.


The conversions of 1,2-dichloropropane (12dcp), 1,3-dichloropropane (13dcp), and allyl chloride (3-chloropropene, 3cpd) over a silica-alumina bed have been investigated. Both 12dcp and 13dcp undergo dehydrochlorination above 500 K, mainly resulting in the two 1-chloropropene (1cpd) geometric isomers, which, above 650 K, further eliminate HCl to give propyne and burn in the presence of oxygen. Small amounts of 3cpd were also observed. 12dcp was found to react more rapidly than 13dcp. The conversion of 3cpd gives essentially COx above 700 K and small amounts of benzene in the range 600-700 K. The reaction order is zero. The activation energy for the conversion of 12dcp was found to be 14.4 kcal/mol (60.6 kJ/mol). IR data show that a reversible adsorption step is followed by a nucleophilic substitution by an active surface oxide species, giving rise to an alkoxide species. The slow step is likely the E1 elimination of the alkoxide. The conversion of the primary 3-chloro-1-propyl carbenium ion to a 1-chloro-2-propyl carbenium ion plays a relevant role. The catalyst deactivates progressively at 523 K, its activity being nearly halved after 4 h, but it attains a plateau after 7 h. At higher temperatures, the stable total conversion of 12dcp was obtained after 10 h.


Although many state-of-the-art object detectors have been developed, detecting small and densely packed objects with complicated orientations in remote sensing aerial images remains challenging. For object detection in remote sensing aerial images, different scales, sizes, appearances, and orientations of objects from different categories could most likely enlarge the variance in the detection error. Undoubtedly, the variance in the detection error should have a non-negligible impact on the detection performance. Motivated by the above consideration, in this paper, we tackled this issue, so that we could improve the detection performance and reduce the impact of this variance on the detection performance as much as possible. By proposing a scaled smooth L1 loss function, we developed a new two-stage object detector for remote sensing aerial images, named Faster R-CNN-NeXt with RoI-Transformer. The proposed scaled smooth L1 loss function is used for bounding box regression and makes regression invariant to scale. This property ensures that the bounding box regression is more reliable in detecting small and densely packed objects with complicated orientations and backgrounds, leading to improved detection performance. To learn rotated bounding boxes and produce more accurate object locations, a RoI-Transformer module is employed. This is necessary because horizontal bounding boxes are inadequate for aerial image detection. The ResNeXt backbone is also adopted for the proposed object detector. Experimental results on two popular datasets, DOTA and HRSC2016, show that the variance in the detection error significantly affects detection performance. The proposed object detector is effective and robust, with the optimal scale factor for the scaled smooth L1 loss function being around 2.0. Compared to other promising two-stage oriented methods, our method achieves a mAP of 70.82 on DOTA, with an improvement of at least 1.26 and up to 16.49. On HRSC2016, our method achieves an mAP of 87.1, with an improvement of at least 0.9 and up to 1.4.


Farmers are not always satisfied with existing methods for protecting their herds. Natural Solutions is using technology to meet this need and has carried out preliminary studies of an anti-wolf collar placed on various herds. When the animals get too agitated, LEDs and ultrasounds are triggered to frighten the threat, specifically here the wolf. The purpose of these tests was to check the effectiveness of this system and its potential impact on the animals' health. We also checked if the ultrasounds could disturb the surrounding wildlife, in particular chiropterans. We counted fewer attacks on equipped batches than on non-equipped batches. The results of these preliminary studies are encouraging with regards to the effectiveness of the collar. It remains, however, that further testing is needed to get more observations, and reached conclusive results. For instance, we noticed that the batches of our experiments were more active with the collar. It would seem to indicate that its presence improves the emotional state of the sheep after an attack. As far as chiropterans are concerned, the presence, or absence, of the collar is seemingly without impact on their activity. Nevertheless, the tests were carried out under different conditions from the grazing areas where the species of chiropterans present may vary. These exploratory studies should be continued to provide conclusive results. This would make it possible to propose a new tool for protecting herds at a lower cost.


This essay is an attempt to portray and explain my work as a dance pedagogue as well as an epistemological overview of the skills and knowledge I use when I teach. The study is phenomenologically o ...


Aim: Health care is lacking for some level of mental disability for various reasons. The aim of this study was to examine health care utilization by individuals with severe disabilities applied to the health committee of a university hospital and to examine the factors that determine caregiver satisfaction by assessing their burden of care, quality of life, and level of burnout. Methods: Of the 840 disabled individuals who applied to Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Faculty of Medicine Training and Research Hospital, Rize, Turkey between January 2016 and 2019, 48 with severe disability caregivers were included in the study. Their sociodemographic information, level of health care, and caregiver satisfaction were analyzed using sociodemographic data forms. The Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale, Maslach Burnout Inventory, and Family Quality of Life Scale were used to assess the caregiver data. Results: More than half of the 48 children with severe disabilities were male (52.1%).Disabled females and female caregivers appeared to increase the level of emotional burnout of caregivers according to Maslach Burnout Inventory and Family Quality of Life Scale (p:0.01, p:0.05, p:0.02, p:0.03). Groups receiving home care was found with satisfaction. Disabled children and caregivers who were living within an urban area have significant differences with Maslach Burnout Inventory Personal Success (p:0.03). Conclusion: Disability is more of a risk for males. The sex of the disabled individual and caregiver were factors that affected caregiver burnout. Home care services increases caregiver satisfaction. Living within an urban area decreased the level of burnout on caregiver. Keywords: Caregiver burden, caregiver satisfaction, children disabilities, health care, family quality DOI: 10.7176/JHMN/83-01


Immune loci, characterized by features reflecting their role in defense reactions and consequently related to evolutionary mechanisms, including polymorphisms or association with disease are suitable candidates for comparative analysis. Interleukin-12 and related cytokines are key molecules regulating natural and specific immune responses. In this study, we analyzed four horse IL12-related genes: IL23p19, IL12Rb2, IL12p40, and IL12p35. Genomic nucleotide sequence of the horse IL23 p19 sub-unit encoding gene was determined. The horse IL23p19 gene consists of four exons; its total mRNA length is 1004 bp, with a coding region of 579 bp. The predicted amino acid sequence of the horse IL23p19 sub-unit showed 88.0% sequence identity with the human sequence. A partial genomic sequence highly homologous to human IL12Rb2 suggesting existence of this gene in the horse was retrieved. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in all four genes analyzed. PCR-RFLP genotyping was developed for selected SNPs. Inter-breed differences in allele and genotype frequencies were observed in IL12p35 SNP 242. The results showed that horse IL12-related genes are comparable to their counterparts in other mammalian species in terms of their structure and their genetic variation. D 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.


When an individual experiences work stress, it could make him/her susceptible physiologically, psychologically and behaviourally. These negative effects of stress will susceptible individual productivity. The purpose of this research was to determine the direct effects of occupational stressors on commitment, health, and individual productivity. The respondents were selected based on the proportionate stratified random sampling method. 300 questionnaires were collected from the academic administrators from 5 Malaysian research universities. The research instrument used for stress, commitment, and health component was adopted from ASSET (A Shortened Stress Evaluation Tool). The productivity component employed the criteria's from the research universities' annual performance appraisal. Occupational stressors were analysed dimensionally while commitment, health, and individual productivity aggregately. The results showed that commitment and health positively affects individual productivity. However, work relationships, work-life balance, job security, control, resources and communication, and pay and benefits significantly but negatively relate to individual productivity.


Several industrial sectors, in which value chains mould making is involved, are actually subjected to a huge demand towards the reduction of their product innovation cycles. This fact induces a strong pressure on mould manufacturing lead times and a clear need to accommodate a growing number of product modifications during mould manufacturing cycle without deteriorate mould final cost and final due date. Implementing management strategies able to cope with a one-of-a-kind production type, with changeable specifications set where delivery date is a critical issue, assuring a continuously improved performance, is the only way to guarantee business excellence and market leadership. In this paper the management strategies and the methodologies to be used on the pathway to fully implement lean manufacturing will be discussed, taking into account mould making companies classical constraints.


This study proposes an electronic wallpaper (e-wallpaper) integrated with tactile memorable sensor and temperature sensor to use it as electrical message board and to monitor an environmental temperature for a smart house concept. To realize this, a mechanically flexible nonvolatile floating gate random access memory (FGRAM) array integrated with tactile sensors and temperature sensors are successfully fabricated as a first proof-of-concept. In addition to the device demonstrations, the flexible FGRAM is systematically studied as the fundamental properties such as program voltage and time dependences, retention time, cycle test, and mechanical flexibility. This new device platform may open a door to realize a new class of "Internet of Things (IoT)" concept.


For therapeutic and diagnostic application of disease, without deformities and / or integrity of a weakened immune system, the closed heat sterilization, which may be stored in the modified soluble plastic container methyl-3- [4- (2-hydroxy-3 isopropylamino) propoxy] phenyl propionate hydrochloride (S molol hydrochloride), buffering agents, for immediate use comprising ethanol and propylene glycol available injectable co-solvent (three won mixture) pharmaceutical compositions, and the preparation method thereof are disclosed .


BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE
The irradiation of blood components has received increased attention due to increasing categories of patients eligible to receive such blood to prevent transfusion-associated graft versus host disease. Irradiation leads to enhancement of storage lesions, which could have deleterious effects when such blood is transfused. The aim of the present study was to assess the biochemical changes during conventional preservation of irradiated and non-irradiated whole blood.

METHODS
Ten units of whole blood were taken from healthy donors and divided into two parts. One aliquot was subjected to gamma irradiation and then stored under conventional blood banking conditions. Sampling was done from these irradiated and non-irradiated blood bags and tests for free plasma haemoglobin, plasma potassium and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were performed.

RESULTS
A progressive increase in the mean values of plasma Hb, K+ and LDH was seen in both the groups. The increase was statistically significant.

INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION
Our findings indicated that the gamma irradiation of blood resulted in increased plasma haemoglobin, potassium and LDH. These biochemical changes might not have clinical significance when irradiated blood is transfused to a select group of patients. There is a need for further in vivo studies to follow up the consequences of transfusion of irradiated blood in patients.


The x-ray method was used to determine the homogeneity region of zirconium nitride as 40 to 50 at.% (9.5 to 13.3% by weight) of nitrogen. It is also shown that part of the ionic bond in the zirconium nitride lattice increases with a decrease in the nitrogen content in this region, this increase being higher than in the homogeneity region of titunium nitride due to the smaller degree of unfilling of the electron d-shell of the zirconium atom in comparison with that of the titanium atom. (auth)


Abstract This paper addresses the problem of output regulation for nonlinear nonaffine-in-control systems in the presence of a high-frequency pulse-width modulation (PWM) in feedback loop. The problem of controller design is reduced to the continuous-time controller design based on Filippov's average model which is affine-in-control system. The proposed controller is an extension of PI/PID control scheme. The presented design methodology guarantees desired output transient performance indices by inducing of two-time-scale motions in the closed-loop system. The analysis of the closed-loop system properties is provided via the singular perturbation method. Stability conditions imposed on the fast and slow modes and sufficiently large mode separation rate between fast and slow modes can ensure that the full-order closed-loop nonlinear system achieves the desired properties in such a way that the output transient performances are desired and insensitive to external disturbances and plant's parameter variations. Numerical example and simulation results are presented.


Malignant melanoma is a malignant tumor of melanocyte, its incidence has been steadily increasing in the past several decades. It accounts for 160,000 new cases annually. with slightly more occuring in women than in men. Since it is common in circrew compared to general population, many studies have been done to figure out the development mechanism. Although its incidece in Korea is not high, it is important that we should understand and prevent it. The pilot with malignant melanoma was grounded in the past. But. recently they can fly according to their clinical stage.


This report examines the evolution of the US power sector over the past 100 years and explains its present mix of private and public electric utilities functioning under both federal and state regulation. The rapid developments during the last decade or so are reviewed in detail including PURPA legislation, cogeneration activities, sale of dedicated generation, deregulation and privatization. The US experience provides an opportunity for the developing countries to benefit from the good features of US power sector development while avoiding the pitfalls. The authors suggest that power sector performance in the developing countries could be increased by 1) strengthening competitive forces of the market place, 2) limiting regulation to those aspects of the sector which cannot be self regulated by competitive forces 3) to the extent regulation is necessary, applying it to both private and public power, 4) increasing efficiency through cogeneration and decentralized power generation, and 5) encouraging private sector participation in a variety of ways ranging from equity participation to provision of management services. The study concludes that establishing a sector structure that encourages efficiency through competitive, market type discipline is a more fundamental issue than the type of ownership, i.e. public or private.


The modular multilevel converter (MMC) has become a very popular topology in the field of HVdcs. A decoupling control strategy is proposed due to the advantage of controlling the ac and dc loops independently. In addition, MMC impedance model under decoupling control is established to analyze the advantage of perturbation suppression in comparison with traditional control, which regulates dc voltage by adjusting ac current. The accuracy of the established impedance model and effectiveness of decoupling control strategy are verified by simulation and experimental results.


The aims of this study is to determine how much the effect and the utilization of using the implementation of application system "by data" to increase in sales of modern beverage. Hopefully the application system "by data" can help the entrepreneurs of modern beverage in develop their business in order to reach the sales significantly and to give profit economically. The method used in this study was descriptive analysis of qualitative method. The analysis technique uses observation, interview, documentation, forum group discussion and triangulation. The analysis data method was inductive that based on the accumulation of data, and then developed in to hypothesis by organize the data in to category, outline into units, do synthesis, compile in to the pattern to get the conclusion. Based on the result of observation and interview with the owner and the consumers and also based on the result of sales day by day (product, price, promotion) that the implementation of application system "by data" gives benefits to the owner and the consumers. Added from the results of forum group discussion and from the results of SWOT matrix in SWOT analysis, that the implementation of application system "by data" can support the control of sales clearly which impact on the increase of sales and gives ease in the services to consumers.


In recent years there has been increasing interest in the degradation of dilute polymer solutions by mechanical shear. Application of the drag reduction phenomenon observed in dilute polymer solutions has been limited because of the problems of polymer degradation. For these dilute solutions there are still uncertainties about such questions as: (1) the effect of polymer molecular weight on degradation; (2) the existence of a minimum molecular weight below which no degradation occurs in a particular shear field or the existence of a minimum force on individual molecules below which no degradation occurs. This work was aimed at trying to answer these questions by degradation experiments on dilute, narrow molecular weight distribution (M,/Mm < 1.20) polystyrene solutions in laminar flow in capillary tubes.


The historical and archaeological sources from the Viking period which concern the city of Smolensk and the large cemetery at Gnyozdovo by the river Dnieper are discussed. The author examines the most important find groups and grave types and asserts that extremely few specific Scandinavian traits are to be found. His conclusion is that Smolensk was founded by the Slavs before the Gnyozdovo cemetery was established. The fact that only a few Scandinavian graves are known from the tenth century and none from the ninth and eleventh must mean that only small groups of Scandinavians had settled in the Smolensk area and these were rapidly assimilated with the Slav groups.


There is an increasing interest in improving energy efficiency in buildings due to the increased awareness about environmental impact and energy cost. Natural ventilation is an environmentally friendly technique which has become more attractive way for reducing energy use while it also provides acceptable comfort conditions. The research shows a case study building in which the natural ventilation effect due to wind-driven forces on indoor comfort conditions is evaluated. Moreover, the architectural solutions selected during the building design phase to improve the natural ventilation behaviour are successfully validated in a full-scale building. The indoor comfort conditions are evaluated through contrasted performance indicators: draught risk (DR), predicted percentage of dissatisfied people (PPD) and predicted mean vote (PMV) indexes. The results show that air movement due to natural ventilation allows increasing indoor air temperature maintaining the initial comfort conditions. Therefore, the mechanical air conditioning use can be postponed until the indoor air temperature is high and would, consequently, reduce the total building energy consumption. Thereby, a proper natural ventilation focus during the initial design stage could improve the building energy efficiency without compromising the indoor comfort conditions.


In this article we report the development and use of a CD of optics for high-school teaching, covering all topics for this level. The material contains didactic texts in HTML language, 77 animations and 64 images generated by ourselves, as well as 13 simulators (Java Applets) available in the internet. We comment about the application and reception of the Hypermedia by a group of 40 high school seniors.


Urban land reform is one of the most important constituents of China's whole economic reform programme launched in the late 1970s. Through a series of reforms, urban land markets have emerged rapidly. This paper aims to analyse the evolution of urban land reform, to discuss the structure of urban land markets, to identify the principal constraints in the urban land market and to propose relevant recommendations for its improvement in the future. The methodology employed for this research is based on the structure and agency theory of the development process and the paper relies on a comprehensive review of recent research on the urban land market in China.


Halophilic proteins are characterized by high net negative charges and relatively small fraction of hydrophobic amino acids, rendering them aggregation resistant. These properties are also shared by histidine‐rich metal binding protein (HP) from moderate halophile, Chromohalobacter salexigens, used in this study. Here, we examined how halophilic proteins form amyloid fibrils in vitro. His‐tagged HP, incubated at pH 2.0 and 58°C, readily formed amyloid fibrils, as observed by thioflavin fluorescence, CD spectra, and transmission or atomic force microscopies. Under these low‐pH harsh conditions, however, His‐HP was promptly hydrolyzed to smaller peptides most likely responsible for rapid formation of amyloid fibril. Three major acid‐hydrolyzed peptides were isolated from fibrils and turned out to readily form fibrils. The synthetic peptides predicted to form fibrils in these peptide sequences by Waltz software also formed fibrils. Amyloid fibril was also readily formed from full‐length His‐HP when incubated with 10–20% 2,2,2‐trifluoroethanol at pH 7.8 and 25°C without peptide bond cleavage.


To meet the need of human-machine interaction of the portable equipment,an embedded finger-interaction system was designed,and the algorithms applied to the system,such as skin color segmentation,convex hull computation,and fingertip detection,were investigated and the hardware was also implemented.Firstly,according to the clustering characters of skin color,a human hand was segmented via building the skin color model by analyzing the characters of common color spaces.Then,the classic Graham-scan method was improved based on the radial-scan method,and the convex hull of the human hand was computed quickly.Furthermore,the algorithm of fingertip detection which uses the curve of human finger was discussed.Finally,the hardware structure based on the Digital Signal Processing(DSP) and Field Programming Gate Array(FPGA) was introduced.Experimental results indicate that the detecting precision is 95.2% for a natural stretched finger,92.6% for the bended finger and 90.1% for other fingers under the disturbance,respectively.Moreover,the maximum offset of fingertip location is 2.12 mm and the location time is 23 ms.The system is natural and friendly,and has strong stabilization and real-time characteristcs.


Multiplication and spore production of three microsporidia(Nosema bombycis, Nosema sp. 1 and Nosema sp. 2) in selected tissues of pupa and adult of silkworm, Bombyx mori L. were studied in two seasons (SI, SII) with distinct temperature (SI: and SII: ) regimes. Multiplication of the microsporidia followed a logistic pattern with a lag phase, an exponential phase and a stationary phase. In SII, spore production was significantly (P days p.i. Spore production was significantly (P


There are various common skin conditions seen in British cattle which practioners are able to diagnose and treat; however, there are emerging and other conditions that they may have little experience of. The purpose of this article is to provide information about these skin diseases to assist in their early detection by vets in practice.


[Objective] To learn the defluoridation effect in the high fluoride villages in Changping District of Beijing,investigate the witting of local fluoride poisonings among the local residents and deliver public health education among the local residents.[Methods] Random questionnaire survey was carried out among the local residents on the native places,residential length and education background of the local residents;samples were collected from the local drinking water.[Results] All the 4 investigated villages had completed the defluoridation project and the new drinking water had been already put into use;the passing rate of the questionnaire was 47.62%,which was proved to be correlated with the native places,education background and the residential length.[Conclusion] The defluoridation project was proved to be effective;it has solved the high fluoride problem in the local drinking water;the witting rate of the drinking water health was not high,thus health education should be emphasized among the local residents.


A modified U-tube conical bubble sonoluminescence device is used to study the conical bubble photoluminescence. The spectra of conical bubble sonoluminescence at different concentrations of rhodamine 6G (Rh6G) solution in 1,2-propanediol have been measured. Results show that the sonoluminescence from the conical bubbles can directly excite Rh6G, which in turn can fluoresce. The light emission of this kind is referred to as conical bubble photoluminescence. The maximum of fluorescence spectral line intensity in the conical bubble photoluminescence has a red shift in relative to that of the standard photo-excited fluorescence, which is due to the higher self-absorption of Rh6G, and the spectral line of conical bubble photoluminescence is broadened in width compared with that of photo-excited fluorescence.


A field experiment was conducted aiming to determine the possibility of improving the lentil performance when co-inoculated with Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (VAM) fungi and Azospirillum under natural rainfed conditions, in Iran. Results showed the substantial impact of VAM fungi on grain protein, root colonization and shoot dry weight. Highest value for shoot dry weight recorded in plants which inoculated with G. intraradices and highest values for root colonization and grain protein content was observed in plants which inoculated with G. mosseae. Also, Azospirillum had a significant effect on shoot dry weight and root colonization. A significant differences on grain protein content observed when combination of both microorganisms have been used. Introduction Seed inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense and soil inoculation with the vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi have been long recognized as biofertilizer technologies. The classical mutualism relationship of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and a majority of crop roots plays a direct role in nutrient cycling rates and patterns in agroecosystems contributing markedly to nutrient capture and supply, water retention, alleviating the environmental abiotic stresses and improving the pathogen resistance resulting in improvements of crop health and yield in sustainable agroecosystems (Azcon et al., 1997; Annaduraia et al., 2002; Daei et al.,2009; Safapour et al., 2011; Ardakani et al., 2009, 2011; Zakikhani et al.,2012). Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.), an old world grain legume food crop that was domesticated in the Near East and is broadly cultivated in semi-arid Mediterranean, south Asia, Indian sub-continent, south America and Iran. Water deficiency is a major limiting factor of crop yield in arid and semi-arid areas (Moghaddam et al., 2012). Iran has an arid or semiarid climates mostly characterized by low rainfall and high potential evapotranspiration. The average annual precipitation over the country was estimated to be around 250 mm, occurring mostly from October to March (Nazemosadat et al., 2006). So, shifting toward the efficient use of water and soil resources and implementing of the principles of sustainable agriculture are highlighted recently. Present paper examines the effects of application of biofertilizers in order to enhance the quantity and quality of yield of the lentil with the aid of mycorrhizal mutualistic and Azospirillum associative relationships under rain-fed conditions. Material and methods This field study was conducted in, Khalkhal, Iran, (37o 37′ N latitude, 48o 32′ E longitude and altitudes of 1796 m) on 2011-2012 growing season. The yearly average precipitation (30-years long term period) is 370 mm but the precipitation on this particular growing season has recorded as 230 mm by Khalkhaal synoptic meteorology institute. The treatments were arranged as factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with 4 replicates. The experimental treatments consisted as follow: --Mycorrhizal inoculation in 3 levels (M0 = without inoculation, M1 = Glomus intraradices and M2 = G. mosseae) Mycorrhizaes with the population of 10 spor.g -Azospirillum inoculation in 2 levels (A0 = without inoculation and A1 = inoculation with A. brasilense ) with the population of 10 cfu.g -Lentil cultivar in 2 levels (L1 = large grain Mashadi and L2 = small grain Naaz). Seeds were provided by Agriculture department of the province. Each plot was consisted of 6 rows, 25 cm apart. Distance between plots and replications were arranged to be 1 and 2 meters, respectively. No chemical fertilizers were applied during the course of experiments and weeds were eliminated with mechanical methods. For measuring percentage of root colonization root samples were taken and washed with FAA (Formalin Acetic Acid 1 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran 2 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran 3 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran 4 Soil and Water Research Institute, Iran 5 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran ARDAKANI MR, et al. Tripartite symbiosis of Lentil (Lense culinaris L.), Mycorrhiza and Azospirillum brasilense under Rainfed Condition 692 Alcohol) solution for further procedures. Philips and Hayman (1970) method was used for staining the roots. The gridline intersect method was applied introduced by Giovannetti and Mosse (1980) and results expressed in percentage. Results Mean comparison of treatments imparted significant differences between different levels of Mycorrhizal inoculations and application of G. intraradices resulted in the foremost value (115.78 g m ) while the noninoculated treatments showed the least value (108.61 g.m) for shoot dry weight. Mean comparison of treatments revealed that inoculation with Azospirillum substantially (2.8% more) affected the shoot dry weight (114.97 g m) in comparison with control (111.73 g m). Mean comparison of treatments imparted significant differences between different levels of Mycorrhizal inoculations as in application of G. mosseae resulted in the foremost percentage of root colonization (34.56% ) and the inoculated treatments with G. intraradices showed (33.1%) of myco-colonization whilst the measured colonization in non-inoculated treatments recorded as (22.24%). Inoculation with Azospirillum increased the percentage of root colonization (30.30%) statistically significant over non-inoculated treatments. The maximum measured value (24.31%) for percentage of grain protein content was recorded in treatments with G. mosseae inoculations while the minimum value was (20.03%). Applications of Mycorrhiza and Azospirillum did not resulted in improvement of grain yield albeit the drastic decline in annual precipitation (230 mm) vis-à-vis the long term average (370 mm) might be the reasoned to be main cause. It can be assumed that application of biofertilizer under rainfed and severe drought will not result in improvement of biological yield, but rather it aids the survival of stressed plant. References Annaduraia, G., R. S. Juang, and D. J. Lee. 2002. Microbiological degradation of phenol using mixed Liquors of Pseudomonas putida and activated sludge. Waste Management 22: 703-710. Ardakani, M. R., G. Pietsch, W. Wanek, P. Schweiger, A. Moghaddam, and J. K. Freidel. 2009. Nitrogen fixation and Yield of Lucerne (Medicago sativa L.), as Affected by Co-inoculation with Sinorhizobium meliloti and arbuscular mycorrhiza under dry Organic Farming Conditions. AmericanEurasian Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences 6(2): 173183. Ardakani, M. R., D. Mazaheri, S.Mafakheri and A. Moghaddam . 2011. Absorption efficiency of N, P, K through triple inoculation of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by Azospirillum brasilense, Streptomyces sp., Glomus intraradices and manure application. Physioogy andl Molecular Biology of Plants 17(2):181-192. Azcon, R. El., and F. Atrash. 1997. Influence of arbuscular mycorrhizae and phosphorus fertilization on growth, nodulation and N2 fixation (N15) in Medicago sativa at four salinity levels. Biology and Fertility of soils 24: 81-86. Daei, G., M. R. Ardakani, F.Rejali, S.Teimuri and M. Miransari. 2009. Alleviation of salinity stress on wheat yield, yield components and nutrient uptake using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under field conditions. Journal of Plant Physiology 166:612-625. Giovannetti, M. and B. Mosse. 1980. An evaluation the effect of vesicular-arbuscularmycorrhiza infection in roots. New Phytologist 84: 489-500. Moghaddam, A., J. Vollmann, W. Wanek, M. R. Ardakani, A. Raza, G. Pietsch, and J. K. Friedel. 2012. Suitability of drought tolerance indices for selecting alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) genotypes under organic farming in Austria. Crop Breeding Journal 2(2): 79-89. Nazemosadat, M. J., Samani, N., Barry, D.A., and Molaii Niko, M. 2006. ENSO Forcing on climate change in Iran: Precipitation Analysis. Iranian Journal of Science & Technology, Transaction B, Engineering Vol. 30, No. B4. Philips, J. M., and D. S. Hayman. 1970. Improved procedures for cleaning roots and staining parasitic and vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for rapid assessment of infection. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 55: 158161. Safapour, M., M. R. Ardakani, S.Khaghani, F. Rejali, K.Zargari, M.Changizi and M.Teimuri . 2011. Response of yield and yield components of three red bean ( Phaseoulus vulgaris L.) genotypes to co-inoculation with Glomus intraradices and Rhizobium phaseoli. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural .& Environmental Sciences 11(3):398-405. Sharma, A. K. 2002. Biofertilizers for Sustainable Agriculture. Agrobios, India. pp. 407. RAHMANN G & AKSOY U (Eds.) (2014) Proceedings of the 4 ISOFAR Scientific Conference. 'Building Organic Bridges', at the Organic World Congress 2014, 13-15 Oct., Istanbul, Turkey (eprint ID 24212) 693 Zakikhani, H., M. R. Ardakani, F. Rejali, M. Gholamhoseini, A. Khodaei Joghan, A. Dolatabadian. 2012. Influence of Diazotrophic Bacteria on Antioxidant Enzymes and Some Biochemical Characteristics of Soybean Subjected to Water Stress. Journal of Integrative Agriculture 11(11): 1828-1835. ARDAKANI MR, et al. Tripartite symbiosis of Lentil (Lense culinaris L.), Mycorrhiza and Azospirillum brasilense under Rainfed Condition


A random graph on n vertices is called p-robust, if every edge is
present with probability at least p, regardless of the status...


The thermosetting epoxy curing systems have been widely used as encapsulants in the electronic packaging industry. With the continual evolving of electronic product markets, material suppliers have been challenged to provide more options to meet the requirements of advanced, yet cost effective, packaging solutions. In this paper, two low-cost alternative materials have been investigated experimentally regarding their adhesion and reliability performance, and these have then been compared with the thermosetting epoxy systems. One of the materials is thermoplastic bisphenol A epoxy/phenoxy resin, and the other is an interpenetrating polymer network composed of an epoxy curing component and a free radical polymerizable component. Some formulations of the materials being studied could exhibit excellent adhesion, durability and application reliability. While reworkability is expected for these materials, they are promising as cost effective encapsulants for electronic packaging, and may be applied with appropriate processing techniques.


Eeffects of different improved measures on vegetation height,density,coverage,aboveground biomass,important value and species diversity of degenerated alpine grassland located at Gaize county,Tibet,China,was studied.The results showed that that compared with the non improved measures control plots,the vegetation height,density,coverage,biomass,important value and species diversity from the plots received different improved measures were all increased.Simpson index and Shannon-Weiner index were increased significantly after applying enclosure+irrigation+reseeding and enclosure+irrigation measures.Among all the improved measures the enclosure+irrigation+reseeding measures significantly increased Pielou evenness index.Overall,enclosure+irrigation measures are the best improved measures in the degenerated alpine grassland of Gaize county,Tibet.


Nozzle design codes developed earlier under NAG1-1133 were modified and used in order to design a supersonic wind tunnel nozzle with square cross sections. As part of the design process, a computer code was written to implement the Hopkins and Hill perturbation solution for the flow in the transonic region of axisymmetric nozzles. This technique is used to design the bleed slot of quiet-flow nozzles. This new design code is documented in this report.


many years, herbalists had kept the compositions of the preparations secret for fear of losing their trade. Of late, however, more information has been obtained. More effective education at this stage is needed. The use of the preparations as they are presently constituted should be discouraged. The history of the ingestion of herbal preparations may not always be voluntarily given, as shown in this report. The crucial information had to be extracted in many cases. That was important because, without it, the point would not be made and the offending agent would not have been identified. The effects of the herbal preparations were varied; haemolytic, hepatotoxic and directly nephrotoxic. Haemolysis was not always associated with G6PD deficiency, a finding earlier reported in relation to infection haemolysis and acute renal failure6. Ojogwu reported that the major histologic picture in his series was interstitial nephritis4, but this clearly contrasted with other reports2z3 in which ATN was reported as the major abnormality. However, it is possible that a few of the 14 cases in this report in whom direct nephrotoxic injury was considered, may have had interstitial nephritis, but it seems very unlikely. Although not directly applicable to this report, animal toxins have been shown to produce ATN? The overall picture in our cases however is consistent with nephrotoxic ATN. Twenty-three per cent of the cases had non-oliguric ATN and the overall prognosis was good, in keeping


When the distribution of rents by a firm is perceived as unfair or illegitimate by its stakeholders, conflict obtains. Gurr (1970) argued that "the basic, instigating condition" for conflict is "discontent arising from the perception of relative deprivation." Studies of the economic drivers of conflict have, however, necessarily focused on structural or objective measures of deprivation such as the presence of resource rents or the societal level of income inequality. I leverage a new dataset to return the focus to the subjective perceptions by stakeholders of the legitimacy of economic rent distribution. My empirical strategy compares the structural characteristics of media-reported stakeholder networks at a local level. Specifically, I compare networks of business initiated discourse and action to the overall media-reported network including political and social actors at a resolution of 0.5 by 0.5 decimal degree cells. Where business networks place greater relative emphasis on the core of a network than the periphery or an in-group faction(s) than out-groups, I argue stakeholders will perceive this variation from the overall structure of political and social relationships as illegitimate triggering a sense of deprivation which fosters conflict. My empirical analysis which controls for a battery of alternative drivers of conflict; uses both media-reported verbal and material conflict directed at business as well as deaths reported within the geographically defined area by the Uppsala Conflict Data Program as dependent variables; and includes fixed effects with standard errors clustered at the cell-level and, in some specifications, a lagged dependent variable, is strongly corroborative. Furthermore, I find that the effect of insular stakeholder relation structures of business on conflict is particularly pronounced during periods of abnormal growth in nighttime luminosity (i.e., rapid economic development). This finding is consistent with the causal argument that stakeholder perceptions of an illegitimate distribution of rents is triggering the ensuing conflict. Please Do Not Cite or Circulate Without Permission of Author. Thanks to Kate Odziemkowska, Mauro Guillen and seminar participants at Griffiths University, the University of New South Wales and the Wharton School for comments on a previous draft; Hugh MacMullan and Wharton Research Computing for extensive programming support; Wharton's Global and Social Impact Initiatives and the Mack Institute for Innovation Management for financial support; and the Center for Social Responsibility in Mining in the Sustainable Minerals Institute at the University of Queensland for hosting me as a Visiting Academic while I worked on the project.


The MAGIC3D EM FDTD PIC plasma code is compared to MAGIC2D and LSP 3D for dense plasma air ionization test problems. Agreement of maximum responses within one percent is demonstrated.


Each January, the Washington Center at The Evergreen State College has preliminary talks with campus teams that have been accepted for our National Summer Institute on Learning Communities in June. We look forward to these conversations, because from them we discover a lot about learning communities on very different campuses. Without exception, wherever hardworking faculty, staff, and administrators organize learning communities and students come, the reward is gratifying and immediate: The student retention rate goes up, just as the literature predicts. Institutional attention then shifts to scaling-up the work.


We generalize $1+1$-dimensional formalism derived by Ahmadi et. al. [Phys. Rev. D \textbf{93}, 124031] to investigate an effect of relativistic acceleration on localized two-mode Gaussian quantum states in $3+1$-dimensional spacetime. The following framework is then used to analyze entanglement of the Minkowski vacuum as witnessed by two accelerating observers that move either collinearly or noncollinearly.


A 65-year-old man presents to the emergency department with fever, chills, pleuritic chest pain, and pro-ductive cough. He has stage 3 chronic kidney disease and heart failure with a left ventricular ejection fraction of 45% to 50%. He is confused, with crackles in the right lung base, dry mucus membranes, and warm extremities. Vital signs are blood pressure of 86/48 mm Hg (mean ar-terial pressure of 61 mm Hg), heart rate of 120 beats/min, respiratory rate of 28 breaths/min, and Sp O 2 of 93% on 2 L of oxygen. His chest radiograph shows a dense right lower lobe in fi ltrate. His laboratory results are notable for a lactate level of 4.2 mmol/L and a creatinine level of 247.52 μ mol/L (2.8 mg/dL) (baseline 141.44 μ mol/L [1.6 mg/dL]) .


China---foundation of free trade in eastern allied countries is an important historic opportunity for the progress
of Zhuang and Dai people. They should make full use of this chance to strengthen international co - operation so as to improve their development and flourish. This article gives some new ideas and advice on how to make all this come true.


: This study aims to determine the effect of organizational culture on organizational performance, the influence of organizational commitment to organizational performance, the effect of job satisfaction on organizational performance, the influence of organizational culture on job satisfaction, the effect of organizational commitment on job satisfaction, the influence of organizational culture on organizational performance through employee job satisfaction and know the effect of organizational commitment on organizational performance through employee job satisfaction. The population in this study employee who works in the office of PT. Dream Wear. While the sample used was 50 employees who worked at the company office. Sampling uses the saturated sample method because it uses all employees in the company office. Data analysis uses path analysis. Based on data analysis, it is known that organizational culture influences organizational performance, organizational commitment influences organizational performance, job satisfaction influences organizational performance, organizational culture influences job satisfaction, organizational job culture influences organizational performance through job satisfaction employees and organizational commitment affect organizational performance through employee job satisfaction.


Nowadays multicriteria decision making (MCDM) methods are a useful tool for investigating natural resources and toaddress problems related to hydro systems. The goal of this research was to assess the Daliri Standardization Method(DSM) to prioritize and make selections for application to MCDM. And to compare the DSM method with the UtilityAdditive (UTA) method. The (DSM) method, unlike the (UTA) method, lines up choices without incorporating adecision-maker. Moreover, by conditioned weights, linear or exponential functions, the choices partial additive function isformulated in the Lingo program and finally, the total additive function is used to make priorities among the choices. Inthis study, 47 sub-watersheds in eastern Khurasan province were evaluated according to 25-year return periods for flood,lag time and fatal-cost damage. Results of the (DSM) method were accompanied by all multi-component goals in subbasinsbased on real data. The utility function of each method was compared with data relating to the Kan river northwestof Tehran, and comparison showed that 80 percent of the results were the same, so the DSM method can be considered asmore logical and sensible than the UTA method. This evaluation was made without consideration of site variation, so itcan be used effectively in watershed flood management to prevent investment in low priority sub-basins.


Objective: To investigate the correlation of depression,attributional style and personality in undergraduates.Methods: Undergraduates were measured with Beck Depression Inventory(BDI),Attributional Style Questionnaire(ASQ)and the self-Esteem Scale(SES).Results: Undergraduates at different depressed levels had distinctly different attributional style.But unstable relationship exists on aspects of positive events and internal-external dimension.Significative correlations presented between depression and self-esteem.Undergraduates at different self-esteem levels had distinctly different levels of depression.Lower self-esteem undergraduates had a strong correlation between depression and attributional style while high self-esteem undergraduates did not.Conclusion: This research in general testified the hopelessness/self-esteem theory of depression.Fated,global and stable attribution for negative events,hopelessness and lower self-esteem are the characteristics of Chinese depressed undergraduates.


Abstract We report a summary of Portuguese families and siblings research under the umbrella of the Portuguese Healthy Family Project. Families lived in mainland Portugal, as well as in the Azores and Madeira islands. All samples comprise children and adolescents (9–20 years) and their parents (27–57 years). Recruitment procedures and phenotypes were detailed. Familial resemblance in body shape and composition, metabolic syndrome, physical fitness, physical activity and sedentary behaviors are presented, as well as future research avenues.


Research and Development has been recognized as most important for future competitiveness to survive in this competitive and highly turbulent environment. A huge amount of money and other resources are being deployed in R&D by government as well as private organizations. A major consideration is required on performance improvement that needs to continuously evaluate the performance of R&D in line with vision and strategy of the organization. This paper deals with evaluating the performance of R&D organizations from four perspectives (financial, customers', innovative and learning, and internal business processes) using the balanced scorecard technique.


Based on the exhaustive investigation of the property-words in Contemporary Chinese Dictionary(Fifth Edition),this paper analyzes the nature and characteristics of property-words.The nature of property-words is modifier of noun,can't be subject,predicate,object,complement,center,etc.it can be regarded as adv when it is modifier of verbs.Almost it can't make up syntagmatic relations with other nouns,can make up coordinate construction with content words that show property by way of conj.Can't combine others grammatical word except "de".The characteristic e of property-words is only modifier of noun,and it is bound form of stereotyped position.


PURPOSE: A method for manufacturing a graphene hybrid film is provided to maintain a low level surface roughness of a hexagonal boron nitride layer by forming the layer using a catalyst-free substrate and to improve the quality of graphene. CONSTITUTION: A method for manufacturing a graphene hybrid film(100) comprises: a step of forming a hexagonal boron nitride layer(130) on a catalyst-free substrate(110); a step of forming a metal catalyst layer(150) on the hexagonal boron nitride layer; a step of supplying carbon to the metal catalyst layer and forming one or more lower graphene layers(170) and upper graphene layers(190) at the lower portion and the upper portion of the metal catalyst layer, respectively; and a step of removing the metal catalyst layer and the upper graphene layer. The catalyst free substrate is selected among a Si substrate, a Si/Si02 substrate, a sapphire substrate, a quartz substrate, and a glass substrate. The metal catalyst layer is one or more metals or alloys selected from a group consisting of silicon, Ni, Co, Fe, Pt, Au, Al, Cr, Cu, Mg, Mn, Mo, Rh, Si, Ta, Ti, W, U, V, Zr, brass, bronze, white copper, stainless steel, and Ge.


We compare different procedures for combining fixed-order tree-level matrix element generators with parton showers. We use the case of W-production at the Tevatron and the LHC to compare different implementations of the so-called CKKW scheme and one based on the so-called MLM scheme using different matrix element generators and different parton cascades. We find that although similar results are obtained in all cases, there are important differences.


To determine the antithrombotic effect of fibrinolytic enzyme-rich Douchi vacuum freeze-dried powder by oral administration,the enzyme activity of Douchi freeze-dried powder extract was measured to observe the effect of simulated gastric and intestinal fluid on the powder.The dissolution rate on blood clots was measured to observe the antithrombotic effect of the powder in vitro,through which the antithrombotic matter in it was primarily determined.The effect of the powder by continuous intragastric administration on the coagulation system in rats was also evaluated.The results showed that,the powder was greatly affected by simulated gastric fluid,the enzyme activity of which decreased to 56.21%,it was more stable in the simulated intestinal fluid,with remaining enzyme activity more than 82.86%.The dissolution rate of 5% Douchi freeze-dried powder extract on blood clots was 40.84%±3.76%,but it was only 12.48%±2.43% with heated extract.Thrombin time(TT)in rat serum could be prolonged by the powder,but activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT)and prothrombin time(PT)were not affected.In conclusion,the fibrinolytic enzyme-rich Douchi freeze-dried powder was suitable to be made into intestinal dissolving form.In vitro and in vivo antithrombotic effect of the powder was observed,with Douchi fibrinolytic enzyme as primary antithrombotic matter in it.


Hide and skin objects undergo fungal attack at high humidity and embrittlement in dry condition. Control of moulds, regulation of relative humidity. Moth and beetle pests and their control. Air filtration and SO2 removal. Light level and UV elimination. Treatment of objects, five examples. Possible use of airbrasive. Fur cleaning.


In this article, the analysis, design, and development of a 37-GHz asymmetric Doherty power amplifier (DPA) are presented. In a practical DPA, the main power amplifier (PA) shows nonideal characteristic, which varies the effect of the load modulation. Based on the theoretical analysis, we derive the relationship among the efficiency, power back-off (PBO) level, and the corresponding load impedance in a nonideal load modulation. The result suggests that a Class-AB main PA shows a decreased PBO efficiency during the load modulation. To achieve a good compromise between PBO level and PBO efficiency of the main PA, the load modulation scheme is redesigned in this work. A 2-dB PBO of the main PA is chosen to maintain the high efficiency during the load modulation. An asymmetric DPA topology is employed to compensate the inadequate PBO of the main PA so that a desired 6-dB PBO is achieved. Generally, the RF leakage at the DPA output degrades its performance. To solve this issue, we propose a modified low characteristic impedance DPA output network. The output matching network of the auxiliary PA is particularly designed to enlarge its output impedance. Through these design techniques, the leakage loss is significantly reduced to 0.2 dB, which improves the gain and power-added efficiency (PAE) at PBO. To validate the proposed techniques, a DPA chip is designed and fabricated in a D-mode 0.1-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> GaAs pHEMT process. At 37 GHz, the 1.6 mm <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times1.8$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mm integrated chip exhibits a measured small-signal gain of 15.6 dB and a saturated power (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$P_{\mathrm{sat}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) of 28.0 dBm, with an associated 33.2% peak PAE and a 32.0% PAE at 6-dB PBO. To the best of our knowledge, the proposed chip exhibits the state-of-the-art overall performance among DPAs operating around 37 GHz for 5G n260 millimeter-wave (mm-wave) band.


In the 12th and 13th centuries, the troubadours in Occitania and the trouvères in northern France composed songs with texts in the vernacular and monophonic melodies. For the troubadours, the vernacular was Old Occitan; for their northern counterparts, Old French. This difference in idiom is sometimes held to mark a distinction between two separate but analogous traditions of medieval song. The medieval practices of compiling multilingual lyric anthologies and of borrowing melodies seem instead to affirm the contiguity of song culture across different languages. The term "lyric" during this period typically designates a text set to melody, but not all manuscripts of troubadour and trouvère lyric preserve song melodies. Music survives for nearly half of the trouvère repertory (about three thousand songs) but only about 10 percent of the twenty-six hundred extant troubadour songs. The compositional period for troubadours and trouvères is conventionally defined rather rigidly as 1100–1300, and the songs themselves as strophic and monophonic. However, the troubadours and trouvères also composed in non-strophic genres (lais and descorts), and the trouvères composed in non-musical lyric genres (congés, dits) as well as in polyphonic forms. Adam de la Halle and Jehan de Lescurel, for example, produced small but significant collections of single-text polyphonic pieces. Of course, the composition of French and Occitan song also continued beyond 1300, albeit in different social and cultural contexts, by which point the long history of its study and reception had already begun. Some of the most important reference works, such as the Pillet-Carstens Bibliographie, date from the early 20th century and come from France and Germany, while Anglophone publications on troubadour and trouvère music only began to emerge in the second half of the 20th century. Modern scholars continually renew this material by bringing it into conversation with critical theory (Giving Voice to Love: Song and Self-Expression from the Troubadours to Guillaume de Machaut, cited under General Studies), feminist theory (Songs of the Women Trouvères, cited under Anthologies), and social history (The Owl and the Nightingale: Musical Life and Ideas in France 1100–1300, cited under Musical, Literary, Social, and Political Studies; The World of the Troubadours: Medieval Occitan Society, c. 1100-c.1300 and Parler d'amour au puy d'Arras: Lyrique en jeu, both cited under Regional Studies). The vibrancy in troubadour and trouvère scholarship also comes from interdisciplinary collaboration and exchange among musicologists, historians, paleographers, and literary scholars. Despite their shared primary sources, the fields of musicology and of literary studies have approached troubadour and trouvère material differently, and with different emphases. In part, these differences can be ascribed to the difficulty of defining a corpus of study, which does not always overlap for the two fields. The organization of this article echoes some of these tensions between older but fundamental reference works and newer directions of inquiry, and the sometimes separate, sometimes unified, treatment of troubadour and trouvère song.


The phenological development of introduced to the Kola Peninsula 24 samples of a genus Larix is investigated. The plants are classified into groups by age, origin and frosting-up point. Duration of the vegetation period, average dates of growth's finishing and reaching of entire lignification of annual shoots were analyzed. Aged samples received from seeds of a natural origin and passed through the winter without damages proved to be the most adapted ones. The increase of phenological reliability and adaptive level of plants occur to correspond to an increase of age. The plants of the age of 57–61 years are more adapted, than samples of 27–37 years.


Nanoparticles are all around us, yet, until publication of Nanoparticles and the Environment there was no book with this theme. The contents of the book fulfil the ambitions of the title; it gives an overview on phenomena related to nanoparticles occurring in natural environments.

The book clearly demonstrates the importance of studies on the formation and dissolution of nanoparticles to the Earth science community. Firm bridges are established between mineralogical and geochemical knowledge and with other areas such as chemistry and materials science. The 'nanosciences' have been an emerging issue over two decades. The synthesis of nanostructures comprises one of the …


Automated Guided Vehicles are widely used as an essential material handling system for FMS to provide flexibility and efficiency. We suggest a new dispatching rule based on priority function which considers urgency and empty vehicle travel time under finite buffer capacity. We evaluate the performance of the proposed rule by comparing the performance of Shortest Travel Time/Distance(STT/D) rule in terms of machine utilization, throughput and WIP level using simulation. The simulation results show that the suggested dispatching rule is robust and provides better machine utilization, throughput with comparable WIP level compared to STT/D rule.


The evolution of the galaxy cluster abundance depends sensitively on the value of the cosmological density parameter, Omega_0. Recent ASCA data are used to quantify this evolution as measured by the X-ray temperature function. A chi^2 minimisation fit to the cumulative temperature function, as well as a maximum likelihood estimate (which requires additional assumptions about cluster luminosities), lead to the estimate Omega_0 \approx 0.45+/-0.2 (1-sigma statistical error). Various systematic uncertainties are considered, none of which enhance significantly the probability that Omega_0=1. These conclusions hold for models with or without a cosmological constant. The statistical uncertainties are at least as large as the individual systematic errors that have been considered here, suggesting that additional temperature measurements of distant clusters will allow an improvement in this estimate. An alternative method that uses the highest redshift clusters to place an upper limit on Omega_0 is also presented and tentatively applied, with the result that Omega_0=1 can be ruled out at the 98 per cent confidence level. Whilst this method does not require a well-defined statistical sample of distant clusters, there are still modelling uncertainties that preclude a firmer conclusion at this time.


practice with much greater external accountability, medical committee reviews, quality assurance and, what looms more in the States than in Canada but is still pertinent in our country, the ever present and increasing threat of malprac tice suits. This first part of the book ends with the review of the mechanisms that physicians use to cope and discusses both those which are adaptive and those which are maladap tive. It also addresses the question of the impaired physician, a topic which is acquiring increased attention and activity as the casualty rate rapidly becomes a greater matter of concern. The second part of the book deals with the physician and difficult patients and, by specific category of patients, looks at how individuals who fall within these broad categories can add to the existing stresses that the physician experien ces and how this may affect the physician-patient relation ship and the kind and quality of care that these patients accordingly receive. Thus, there are sections on the depen dant manipulative patient, the difficult family, the hypo chondriacal patient, the depressed patient and the dying patient. This is an eminently readable, most sensible and helpful review for both those who practice and who teach in this area. It is not, nor does it intend to be, a very careful and critical review of the growing literature on physician stress, although the chapters are, individually, well referenced. Much more emphasis is given to what occurs in day to day life and how to identify it. Particularly to be commended is the fact that in several places throughout the book, there are self assessment and corrective protocols included that refer back to the preceding material, and therefore, provide an interesting review mechanism and give the physician a way of checking on his own personal situation and how it may affect his or her practice. The book is well written and informative. It avoids unne cessary and obscuring details while capturing the essentials. It brings together dfn interesting distillate that covers the field from several different aspects and has an inbuilt sequence of development experience and specific patient situations. Rather than just identifying what is going-on, it provides, albeit in rather simple terms, some corrective mea sures that are available and can be used by the physician who finds himself faced with either the general stresses and dis contents, or with the specific problems on some of the patient types that are given in detail. This volume is to be commended for what it does rather than criticized for what it does not do. Thus, for many it may seem that the description of therapy or even a description of how to reverse a pattern or a trend in a physician-patient relationship is presented in a way which has hope and naievity and does not reflect the experience that most of us have — that this is in itself an easy task to define but an incredibly difficult one to accomplish on a permanent basis. No refer ence is made to the physician as a patient and to the prob lems that this creates nor to a group that physicians encoun ter — the V.I. P.'s who come in devious ways, often with a baggage of previous contacts and demanding backgrounds. They may either terrify the physician into overtesting and overprescribing in order to avoid or miss anything for such important people in the community or, as an alternative, being over concerned, over solicitous and, therefore, break ing with the usual pattern of practice the physician may provide the V.I.P.'s with less adequate, comprehensive and effective care. These, however, are minor criticisms and the book is recommended for its readability and its commonsense approach, particularly to those who teach medical students and try to alert them to the problems of later years of practice, and try to help them to gain some understanding of themselves as excellent but also human and fallible beings. For psychiatrists much of this may seem information that they already know. However, this book places the informa tion in a clear and logical sequence and by providing check lists and guildelines makes working from the text more likely to occur rather than simply presenting the well organized information that this book provides on this topical subject.


The paper studies the failure mechan ism of crown water stop of face rockfill clam in the high cold area,puts forward the feasible water stop structure and the water stop material by the test,effectively solves the protection o f face slab water stop joint surface o f lianhua face slab rockfill dam


The screw pumps having wide range of applications in the field of ships, medical and space applications. The first applications, dating back to the third century B.C., included irrigation and land drainage. The screw pump is thought to have been first used in Egypt in 1972. After several other types of pumps were invented, the screw pump was not used as much because these other pumps could handle higher head capacities. The discharge obtained from a screw pump basically depending on pressure difference developed from inlet to outlet and that pressure difference depends on many parameters like helix angle, pitch of the screw, type of thread, fluid properties and speed of rotation. For a given screw pump the material properties and based on the application of fluid properties are considered to be constant. The helix angle and the pitch of screw are two parameters which influences the flow. In this project pitch was optimized based on computer based fluid flow analysis and the induced stresses also calculated for the safe operation. In the conventional design the visualization of flow and variation of pressure gradient at different points requires imagination but in the case of computer based simulation the visualization is better and also we can see the flow of fluid. In this project for the fluid flow analysis FLUENT software and for the stress analysis ANSYS are adopted as tools. For the better modelling PRO-E software is utilized and discretization and boundaries are specified by using HYPER MESH as tool. The basic advantages of Hyper Mesh is the coordinate address data (CAS) at each grid point separately stored, so that while transferring the model from one package to other package continuity will not be missed. To design a Screw Pump for Maximum Pressure Difference and Maximum Suction Pressure for Required Discharge two factors are considered one is helical angle of the screw and another one is Pitch of screw. After analysis in the screw pump at constant helix angle and different pitch values at 45 0 helix angle and 314 mm pitch we got maximum pressure difference up to 2 bar and maximum velocity 14.235 m/s.


The purpose of this study is to identify; (a) the relationship of cognitive style to adjustment mechanism, (b) the relationship of locus of control to adjustment mechanism, and (c) the relationship of cognitive style and locus of control to adjustment mechanism.
 Subjects were 285 college students(146 males and 139 females) of Kyungpook National University. They were administered Group Embedded Figures test (GEFT), the revised Rotter's Internal-External Locus of Control Test (I-E), and Diagnostic Adjustment Mechanism Inventory (DAMI). DAMI was designed to measure the relative intensity of three major groups of adjustment mechanism such as defense, aggression, and escape mechanism.
 Correlational approach was used to identify the relationship of cognitive style to adjustment mechanism, the relationship of locus of control to adjustment mechanism, and the relationship of two variables of cognitive style and locus of control to adjustment mechanism.
 The results of this study were as follows;
1. The variable of locus of control is positively related with defense mechanism for both male and female. It can predict reliably the degree of defense mechanism used by the subjects.
2. The variable of locus of control can reliably predict degree of aggressive mechanism used by female students.
3. Combination of locus of control and cognitive style has no more predicting degree of defense mechanism adopted by the subjects.
4. The predictive power of combination of locus of control and cognitive style is not significantly higher than that of the locus of control variable alone in predicting degree of aggressive mechanism used by the subjects for both sexes.


This report summarizes research activities and products from a collaborative project on the "Human Dimensions of Deforestation and Regrowth in the Brazilian Amazon," awarded to Charles H. Wood (PI; Department of Sociology, University of Texas at Austin, now in the Center for Latin American Studies, University of Florida), Steven E. Sanderson (Co-PI; Department of Political Science, University of Florida, now Dean of Emory College, Emory University) and David L. Skole (Co-PI; Institute for Earth, Oceans and Space, University of New Hampshire, now in the Department of Geography and Basic Science Remote Sensing Initiative, Michigan State University).


Aims: The knee is the commonest articular location in osteosarcoma (OS). We study the complications in limb salvage due to OS in knee reconstructions.Methods: In our series of 107 OS for the period 1983–1998, limb salvage procedure was possible in 78 cases and the amputation was necessary in 29 patients. The Knee reconstruction includes 62 cases (39 due to femur OS and 23 due to tibia OS). All cases were treated with preoperative and postoperative chemotherapy. The average follow-up was 87.4 months with a range of 55 to 183 months.Results: Complications in re-constructions due to femur OS:– Local recurrence 2/39 (5.13%)– Infection 2/39 (5.13%)– Fatigue fracture (7.6%) Complications in tibia re-constructions:– Local recurrences 3/23 (13%)– Infection 5/23 (21.7%)Patellar tendon tear off 2/23 (8.7%)Fatigue fracture 1/23 (4.35%).Conclusions: The rate of complications in tibia is higher than in femur.The infections in tibia limb salvage are related to skin coverage.The local recurrence in tibia is related to a...