. The article formulates and substantiates the pedagogical conditions for the development of professional culture of lyceum teachers in the system of methodical work. It is determined that the pedagogical conditions for the development of professional culture of lyceum teachers in the system of methodical work is a purposefully created psychological and pedagogical environment that promotes the development of pedagogical culture of teachers as a professional activity in innovative educational environment and a set of measures (means, objective opportunities), that ensure the achievement of the goal. The pedagogical conditions for the development of professional culture of lyceum teachers in the system of methodical work include: unification and integration of methodological activities for the development of professional culture of lyceum teachers by creating a centre (platform) that develops and plans this activity, manages it and constantly monitors performance; creation on the basis of this platform of the educational and methodical environment which motivates and stimulates lyceum teachers to development of professional culture; organization thanks to this platform of effective exchange of experience between lyceums, methodical developments in certain fields of knowledge; active involvement of lyceum teachers in getting acquainted with the achievements of advanced educational and methodological innovation. Substantiation and development of pedagogical conditions is based on the provisions of systematic and competency‐based scientific approaches. The system approach allows defining pedagogical conditions of development of professional culture of lyceums teachers as integral system. Due to the competence approach, the professional culture of lyceum teachers is considered as a set of certain competencies. The developed system of pedagogical conditions creates the necessary basis for the development of professional culture of lyceum teachers in the system of methodical work.


Abstract:In this article the author reconsiders the transition from Late Helladic IIIB to Late Helladic IIIC on the Greek mainland and proposes an alternative ceramic phasing based on quantitative changes in chronologically sensitive indicators. The later part of LH IIIB (traditional LH IIIB2) is divided into LH IIIB2 Early and LH IIIB2 Late. These phases are followed by an initial stage of LH IIIC, preferably termed "LH IIIC Phase 1," as suggested by Rutter in 1977, rather than "Transitional LH IIIB2-LH IIIC Early," as recently proposed by Mountjoy.


The polymorphic behaviour of Ba(BrO3)2 and Sr(IO3)2 is studied by means of differential thermal analyses and high-temperature X-ray and Raman spectroscopic measurements. On dehydration of the respective monohydrates [Ba(ClO3)2 · H2O type] at low temperatures in a vacuum Ba(BrO3)2 I and α-Sr(IO3)2 (both α-Ba(IO3)2 type, space group C2/c, Z = 4) are formed. On heating these polymorphs above 145 and 240 °C, respectively, phase transitions to Ba(BrO3)2 II [Sr(ClO3)2 type] and the hitherto unknown γ-Sr(IO3)2 occur. On further heating Ba(BrO3)2 II decomposes [partly via the high-temperature polymorph Ba(BrO3)2 III] to BaBr2 and O2, γ-Sr(IO3)2 via the probably only stable polymorph β-Sr(IO3)2 to iodine and strontium paraperiodate. The IR and Raman spectra of Ba(BrO3)2 I and III, α-, β- and γ-Sr(IO3)2, and α-Ba(IO3)2 are given. The crystal structure of Ba(BrO3)2 I has been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The final R value for 1586 reflections with I ≥ 2σI is 0.064. The crystal structures of the a-Ba(IO3)2 type anhydrous halates are very similar to those of the Ba(ClO3)2 · H2O type halate monohydrates.


Evaluation of professional socialisation can provide insight on the impact of Physical Education Teacher Education. A large-scale (n=326) single question 'What is PE?' qualitative methodology was used to access pre-service primary teachers' understandings of the nature and purpose of physical education . Data analysis involved word frequency queries and coding using a qualitative coding framework based on the dominant discourses of physical education. Trustworthiness of the analysis was addressed using memos, coding checks and peer de-briefing. While responses at the beginning of the programme were dominated by sport and health discourses, an educational discourse grounded in the key messages of the primary physical education curriculum with emphasis on equality of opportunity emerged at the end of the programme. The complexity of addressing understandings in teacher education contexts is highlighted.


A good performance evaluation of scientific research management in the secondary colleges of a university is an important landmark to estimate and enhance the overall research strength of campuses.In this research,qualitative and quantitative comprehensive evaluation methods are adopted to evaluate responsibility consciousness,office procedure and managing performance of a secondary college.Management performance indicators are set up mainly for university research platform of secondary colleges,research projects,achievements in scientific research,technology services,talent teams and academic exchange.Achievements in scientific research and technology services are much more important than any others.The applied patents score higher than those which have just been granted.The evaluation of papers involves in differences between disciplines and peer inter-partition references.Technology services for companies consider new economic effectiveness and so on.A few suggestions are made to promote the scientific research management in secondary colleges too.


This study focuses on the effect of mooring configurations of the H-Float in random waves. Laboratory tests were conducted with the aim to investigate the effect of mooring configurations on motion responses of the H-Float in random waves and to compare the motion responses of the H-Float moored by taut leg and catenary systems. The study of hydrodynamic responses of the H-Float in random waves is crucial as the test environment resembles the irregularity of the real seas. This study focuses only on the heave, surge and pitch movements, whilst the other motion responses were restricted. In order to quantify the motion responses of the H-Float, the Response Amplitude Operator (RAO) was utilized in the study. The RAO values for heave, surge and pitch obtained in the study will provide an insight on the extent of the movement of the H-Float subjected to various wave conditions. The results show that the motion responses of the H-Float are heavily affected by the mooring configurations and the wave period. The recorded RAO values show that the motion responses of the H-Float moored by taut leg system indicates lower RAO values of the heave, surge and pitch compare to the H-Float moored by catenary system. The peaked heave and surge RAOs for taut leg decreased with an increase of the B/L. Conversely, the surge RAOs for the catenary system increased with an increase of the B/L while the heave RAOs decreased with an increase of the B/L. However, the pitch RAOs for both mooring configurations carried no specific pattern with the changes in the B/L and wave periods. It is rather scarce and less predictable.


The aim of the present study was to formulate and evaluate herbal shampoo containing natural ingredients with an emphasis on safety and efficacy. It clears dirt, dandruff, promotes hair growth, lustre, strengthens and darkens the hair. The shampoo was prepared by taking the extracts of Pomegranate (active ingredient), Curry Leaves, Ginger, Aloe vera, and Reetha in different proportions. Several physicochemical tests were performed for visual assessment, wetting time, pH, assurance of solid contents, surface tension, detergency, dirt dispersion, conditioning performance, foam stability. The formulated herbal shampoo is black in color with demonstrable good froth stability, detergency, good cleansing, low surface tension, optimum pH and conditioning activity. Dirt dispersion of herbal shampoo is light along with 46 ml foam height. All these are the ideal characters for good quality of the herbal shampoo to be used in daily life. However, further scientific investigation is required for validation of its overall quality.


Objective:To explore the effects of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) on myocardial damage in neonates with asphyxia .Methods:18 post-asphyxia neonates with myocardial damage,7 with severe asphyxia and 11 with mild asphyxia,were recruited. Bloods were taken at acute and recovery phase respectively for detection of IGF-1 by ELISA and CK-MB by electrochemiluminescence.12 normal neonates were collected as control.Results:①serum IGF-1 levels were markedly higher and CK-MB markedly lower in acute phases than in recovery phases in neonates with asphyxia and in control group.②IGF-1 were increased and CK-MB decreased in severe asphyxia group compared with mild asphyxia group(P0.05).The levels of IGF-1 were negatively correlated with CK-MB levels.Conclusions:①IGF-1 may implicate in the pathogenesis of asphyxia and have an effect in protection of myocardial damage in neonates with asphyxia.②IGF-1 and CK-MB would be as markers of predicting asphyxia severity.


The isotope-tracer technique was used to investigate assimilation and accumulation of 14CO2 in wheat in order to get a better understanding of the environmental behavior of 14CO2. The atmospheric 14CO2 could be tranlocated and accumulated in other parts of the wheat after photosynthetic assimilation. During the introducing 14CO2(0~28d), the specific activity of 14C in different tissues increased linearly at a rate of 50.3~84.6 Bq/(g·d) with exposure time, following the order of rootstemleaf. Although the specific activity of 14C in different tissues increased with a different rate, it reached a dynamic equilibrium with time. 14CO2(14C)could be accumulated strongly by wheat with a maximum enrichment factor of 23.1~25.8, and the mean value of enrichment factor was 24.5±1.3. Due to its strong accumulation capacity to 14CO2, wheat could be used as an indicator plant for monitoring atmospheric 14CO2 pollution.


In de novo deisgn of protein backbones with deep generative methods, the designability or physical plausibility of the generated backbones needs to be emphasized. Here we report SCUBA-D, a method using denoising diffusion with priors of non-zero means to transform a low quality initial backbone into a high quality backbone. SCUBA-D has been developed by gradually adding new components to a basic denoising diffusion module to improve the physical plausibility of the denoised backbone. It comprises a module that uese one-step denoising to generate prior backbones, followed by a high resolution denoising diffusion module, in which structure diffusion is assisted by the simultaneous diffusion of a language model representation of the amino acid sequence. To ensure high physical plausibility of the denoised output backbone, multiple generative adversarial network (GAN)-style discriminators are used to provide additional losses in training. We have computationally evaluated SCUBA-D by applying structure prediction to amino acid sequences designed on the denoised backbones. The results suggest that SCUBA-D can generate high quality backbones from initial backbones that contain noises of various types or magnitudes, such as initial backbones coarsely sketched to follow certain overall shapes, or initial backbones comprising well-defined functional sites connected by unknown scaffolding regions.


This work uses econometric models and a principal components analysis to study how fluency in English is associated with employability, formal sector employment and subemployment in Costa Rica. It is found that being fluent in English is not associated with a higher probability of being employed or not being sub employed. However, English fluency is associated with a lower probability of working in the informal sector of the economy. These results suggest that being fluent in English on its own does not increase the probability of being employed, but it allows workers to find formal sector jobs, which have better benefits than non formal sector jobs.


Process control in the pharmaceutical industry M any pharmaceutical industries are making a tremendous effort to adapt their manufacturing process lines to the well-known initiative promoted by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Terms like Quality by Design (QbD) and Process Analytical Technologies (PAT) in the process environment have become as popular as V-blender or dry granulation. In short, what PAT promotes is: 1) to implement real time process analysers and control tools in the process to have a real-time knowledge of changes in any process; 2) to develop new multivariate tools for design, data acquisition and analysis that must work in real-time with the process analysers; and 3) to utilise (1) and (2) to set quality parameters for the real-time monitoring of the quality of the process (understanding quality as the set of parameters that indicate whether a process is under control or not), generating robust alarms when the quality criteria are not met and acting appropriately in consequence. The three keystones of PAT can be applied, theoretically, at all stages of pharmaceutical processing, from raw material to packaged product characterisation (Figure 1). This includes sub-processes that are included in the main process unit. The advantages and benefits of implementing PAT in any industry are clear: absolute knowledge of the behaviour of the process, improvement in continuous manufacturing, control of false positives/ negatives, reduced production cycle times, prevention of rejects, reduction of human error and facilitation of continuous processing to improve efficiency, minimise labour requirements and time-intensive finished product testing.


The recent article by Panni and Corn (1) demonstrated that a disposable scavenging hood placed over a pediatric patient's head with a suction applied greatly reduced the ambient contamination of anesthetic gases. The source of the contamination was the leaking gas from a loose fitting uncuffed endotracheal tube. While I strongly agree with Panni and Corn that we should strive to decrease the pollution of the operating room with potentially harmful agents, I disagree with their solution. Rather then spending money on yet another consumable that may prevent quick access to the patient's head should the endotracheal tube become dislodged, I have a simpler solution. Namely, use cuffed endotracheal tubes for all pediatric cases. Khine et al (2) have shown that in children under age 8 years of age cuffed tubes did not lead to a higher incidence of croup, and required reintubation to switch to a different tube only 1% of the time versus 23% for the uncuffed tubes. In ICU pediatric patients, cuffed endotracheal tubes left in for 4 to 6 days also had no increased incidence of stridor over uncuffed endotracheal tubes (3). The data clearly show that, used appropriately, a cuffed endotracheal tube is safe for the pediatric population and will solve the problem of operating room contamination. It is long overdue that we all abandon the outdated practice of uncuffed endotracheal tubes.


The jurists of the early Principate were divided into two groups, the Proculians and the Sabinians, but the nature of the division has proved to be a perennial problem of Roman legal history. Pomponius tells us that the Proculians regarded Labeo as their founder and the Sabinians Capito, and he gives lists of their respective leaders for more than a century. Furthermore, we know of more than two dozen particular problems which provoked disputes between the two groups. But the sources provide little express evidence as to the underlying opposing principles, if indeed there were any, which were espoused by them. Pomponius says that Labeo and Capito "first made, as it were, two sects: for Ateius Capito held fast to what had been handed down to him, whereas Labeo, a genius, with confidence in his own scholarship, a man who had studied several other branches of knowledge, set out to make many innovations" (D.126.96.36.199). Yet, when the various controversies are considered, the school of Labeo does not seem to champion doctrines which are especially progressive and that of Capito does not seem particularly conservative.


The onset of asymmetry, three-dimensionality and entrainment, which occurs in transitional fountains with intermediate Froude and Reynolds numbers (1 < Fr < 10, 10 < Re < 1000) is the key to shed light on the turbulence generation mechanism in fountains. The stratification of the ambient fluid also has significant effects on these characteristics of fountain flows. In this study a series of direct numerical simulation (DNS) are carried out with varied stratifications (quantified by a dimensionless stratification parameter s over 0 ≤ s ≤ 1.5) and different Re over 25 ≤ Re ≤ 300, but all at Fr = 5, to examine the penetration height and the onset of asymmetry in transitional plane fountains. The results show that fountain heights decrease when s increases, but increase when Re increases. When Re is small, a fountain generally starts to show the asymmetric behaviour at a much later time and the extent of asymmetry increases when Re increases, although the rate of increase decreases with Re. On the other hand, the stratification of the ambient fluid is found to play a positive role to stabilize the flow and to alleviate its asymmetric and unsteady behavior.


The present thesis deals both experimentally and theoretically with the diffraction of fast electrons (20-40 kV) by heavy elements both in vapour form and in the crystalline state. In chapter V an investigation is described concerning the influence of Lattice Temperature on the ring intensity in a Debije-Scherrer pattern. The manner in which the intensity decreases with the temperature and with the angle of deviation is in accordance with the theory of Debije-Waller-Pisarenko (elements Pb and Ag, see Figs. 12 and 13). ... Zie: Summary


For 4 cephalometric criteria (the angles ANB and AB-OCC and the distances AFH-BFH and "Wits"), which all are measured to show the relation between the maxilla and the mandible (i.e. the A- and B-points), average values, standard errors, standard deviations and errors of the method were determined in a sample of 298 schoolchildren of Zurich, who were selected on the basis of their date of birth only. It could be demonstrated that the angle ANB is dependent on both the angle SNA and NA to Frankfort horizontal, and that this dependence is linear. The angle AB to occlusal plane however seems to be independent of the relation between the A-point and the Nasion. Both ANB and AB-OCC could be determined with the same accuracy.


The dynamic process of energy transfer from semiconductor nanocrystals acting as donors to multiple acceptors attached to their surface emerges as an important tool for probing the nanoparticle environment in the nanometric scale. Understanding the underlying principles which govern the dynamics of the energy transfer process, and in particular the role of the shape and dimensions of the nanocrystal in determining it, is crucial for utilizing it for a range of applications including sensing, biolabeling, and energy funneling. We describe and theoretically analyze the temporal behavior of energy transfer from core/shell spherical dot, dot in a rod, and dot in a pod nanocrystals to multiple acceptors linked to their surface. Using a modified restricted geometries model, we evaluate the different parameters which affect the energy transfer and demonstrate the role of the nanocrystal geometry and dimensions in determining the dynamics of the energy transfer process. The modeled dynamics show good agreement to...


Total column abundances of ethane (C{sub 2}H{sub 6}) above the Jungfraujoch Station, Switzerland, 3.58-km altitude, have been deduced from infrared solar spectra recorded in 1951 and from 1984 to 1988. The results were derived from the spectroscopic analysis of the v{sub 7} band P{sub Q3}, and R{sub Q0} subbranches of C{sub 2}H{sub 6} near 2976.8, 2983.4, and 2986.7 cm{sup {minus}1} , respectively. The 1984-1988 results obtained from more than 300 observations at 0.005 cm{sup {minus}1} resolution show a definite seasonal variation in the total vertical column abundance of that gas, with a maximum of (1.43 {plus minus} 0.03) {times} 10{sup 16} molecules/cm{sup 2} during March and April and a minimum in the fall. The corresponding C{sub 2}H{sub 6} mixing ratio in the free troposphere was derived to 1.53 {plus minus} 0.14 ppb in early April; the ratio of maximum to minimun C{sub 2}H{sub 6} concentration in the troposphere was found to be 1.88 {plus minus} 0.12. From the analysis of the same spectral features observed in March and April 1951, the authors have deduced a total vertical column abundance of (1.09 {plus minus} 0.10) {times} 10{sup 16} molecules/cm{sup 2}. Assuming an exponential increase with time and correcting for a smallmore » decrease in the stratospheric amount of C{sub 2}H{sub 6} due to the man-induced increase in stratospheric chlorine, they obtain a secular trend in the tropospheric burden above the Jungfraujoch equal to (0.85 {plus minus} 0.3)% yr{sup {minus}1}. It is argued that this trend is valid for the entire northern hemisphere.« less


The utility model discloses an automotive headlamp installing locating detector. The automotive headlamp installing locating detector comprises a panel, a Z-axis base, an X-axis base and a Y-axis base, wherein the Z-axis base, the X-axis base and the Y-axis base are fixedly connected on the back face of the panel, the Z-axis base is fixedly connected with an Z-axis fixing plate, the X-axis base is fixedly connected with an X-axis fixing plate, and the Y-axis base is fixedly connected with a Y-axis fixing plate, and the tail end of the Z-axis fixing plate, the tail end of the X-axis fixing plate, and the tail end of the Y-axis fixing plate are respectively provided with a round through hole. Due to the fact that simple three-axis location is adopted in the detector, the automotive headlamp installing locating detector is precise in location, at the same time, guarantees use of less parts, and furthermore, the installing process is easy to operate and time consumption is less.


The present invention is a spring 210, the outer surface is uniformly processed to have the same diameter and; Support shaft 220 for insertion in the longitudinal direction on the inner diameter of the spring 210 and the; And the first engaging portion 230 for fixing the front portion of the spring 210 and the support shaft 220; The inner diameter of the spring 210 and the support shaft the second coupling unit 231 of the air knife width adjustment device shutter and the spring (210) comprising a securing the rear of 220 of inserting the support shaft 220 step; The step of fixing the front and rear of the spring 210 and the support shaft 220, and; It intended to provide a wide adjustment device shutter method of manufacturing of the air knife comprising the steps of: processing uniformly surface a projection 211, the outer diameter of the spring 210 so that the same diameter, the present invention minimizes the bending deformation of the shutter and it has an effect which can smoothly control the injection range of the high-pressure gas. The present invention also has an effect to improve the production quality of the plated steel sheet by improving the operating efficiency of the air knife to the shutter while cold or pulley always maintains the initial shape. In particular, the present invention has an effect to improve the durability and service life of the shutter is in conflict with the high pressure gas.


The SIRCC A-Z is an introduction to key issues and concepts that have gained prominence over the past 10 years. SIRCC staff have collectively created a series of 26 articles reflecting key aspects of practice from across the sector. Produced to celebrate 10 years of the Scottish Institute for Residential Child Care.


The purpose of the effort described here is to model and monitor the insulation shear bonds between the three conductors of the toroidal field (TF) outer legs. Mechanical failure of the insulation could be a precursor to an electrical failure that could damage the TF inner leg central column, which is more difficult to repair. The shear stress in these bonded layers is proportional to the TF outer-leg out-of-plane (OOP) bending. This is a part of a larger program at National Spherical Tokamak Upgrade to instrument and monitor the structural performance of the machine. Components of the instrumentation plan are shown in this study. Bending of the outer leg due to out-of-plane loads is supported partly by shear in the bond between the three conductors that are bonded together to form the outer leg. Bending stress in the outer conductors provides an indication of the integrity of the shear bond. As a part of the orderly planned increase in operational parameters to 0.8 T (as of Feb 2016 it was at 0.61 T). Ten new FISO gauges were purchased and installed in March 2016. They yielded useful data prior to the forced shut-down due to the failure of PF1aUpper coil. The analytic process used to split out the thermal, in-plane and out-of-plane bending strains is described and compared with the measured results. The measured results provide reasonable benchmarks for the analysis. Ultimately, the main purpose of the instrumentation is to compare coil-to-coil behavior, to watch for consistency. If a coil starts to deviate from the others, the coil can be inspected for possible debonding between the three conductors that make up the outer leg. To properly monitor the full TF system, more channels are needed than Fabry–Pérot systems can provide. The planned fiber-Bragg grating (FBG) system is introduced in this paper. Monitoring and evaluation of the TF outer leg strains are also related to computed quantities that are monitored and protected by the digital coil protection system. Currently, the bending strain is expected to be adequately represented by upper–outer leg global moment sums. This relationship is discussed in this paper.


In 2009, Xu et al. presented a safe, dynamic, id-based on remote user authentication method that has several advantages such as freely chosen passwords and mutual authentication. In this paper, we review the Xu–Zhu–Feng scheme and indicate many shortcomings in their scheme. Impersonation attacks and insider attacks could be effective. To overcome these drawbacks, we propose a secure biometric-based remote authentication scheme using biometric characteristics of hand-geometry, which is aimed at withstanding well-known attacks and achieving good performance. Furthermore, our work contains many crucial merits such as mutual authentication, user anonymity, freely chosen passwords, secure password changes, session key agreements, revocation by using personal biometrics, and does not need extra device or software for hand geometry in the login phase. Additionally, our scheme is highly efficient and withstands existing known attacks like password guessing, server impersonation, insider attacks, denial of service (DOS) attacks, replay attacks, and parallel-session attacks. Compared with the other related schemes, our work is powerful both in communications and computation costs.


The modular feedback keyboard (MFK) design that we describe in this article was conceived and constructed at ACROE. It was first presented to the public on 17 October, 1989 in Grenoble at the opening celebration of our center's new studio. The system we present is the prototype of a more general device, and its construction is the result of research into the relationship between instrument and performer within the framework of a system for realtime sound synthesis and computer-assisted musical creation. The first feature of this device is that it is a gestural control system with feedback for the tactile senses-it enables actual fingering of a physical instrument to be simulated. The second important feature is that this is a modular system: the piano- or organ-type keyboard is its nominal form, but its mechanical morphology can be modified and easily configured for other applications or types of performance interfaces.


Tablet computers are slowly being put into use in hospitals and primary care both by clinicians and patients. This paper will examine security needs of tablet-based eHealth applications, and explore how conventional security mechanisms can be adapted to this space. Our approach will be demonstrated by examining a particular eHealth application; a tablet-based Pain Body Map for use in palliative care.


Three new saponins named Julibroside J 1, J 2 and J 3 were isolated from the stem bark of Albizzia julibrissin Durazz ( Albizziae Cortex ). Based on chemical and spectral methods, e.g 1H and 13 C NMR, DEPT, COSY CH COSY, TOCSY, HMQC COSY, HMQC TOCSY, NOESY, HMBC, their structures have been identified as; Julibroside J 1 (one triterpene, nine sugars, two monoterpenes I); Julibroside J 2 (one triterpene, eight sugars two monoterpenes II); Julibroside J 3 (one triterpene, nine sugars two monoterpenes III).


— The article presents the concept of decision-making in the development of a computer simulatorbased on the construction and analysis of a fuzzy semantic model. The construction of a fuzzy semanticmodel consists of three methods: a method for constructing a mind map, a method for constructing aconceptual map and a method for constructing a fuzzy cognitive map of a simulator. The fuzzy semanticmodel is analyzed by means of four particular methods: the mind map analysis method, the conceptual mapanalysis method, the software component analysis method and the simulator fuzzy cognitive map analysismethod, including the one based on the metrics for analyzing graph structures, subject area metrics as wellas interpretation of the obtained values in the field of determining educational trajectories and softwareimplementation of a computer simulator.


In this study, we investigated the effects that are dependent on the characteristics (length, diameter, type, and flow direction in a pipe) of a coaxial ground heat exchanger, via head loss and pressure drop measurement experiments. We identified that an increase in the length, a decrease in the diameter, and counter-flow generation inside the coaxial ground heat exchanger are the main factors responsible for increases in head loss. To optimize the design of a heat exchanger via numerical analysis using GLHEPro, we performed a sensitivity analysis considering the range of EWT, the number of heat exchangers, and the interval for installation. Based on these results, we calculated a 'Pareto solution' of 3 for the number of heat exchangers, taking into consideration the total heat exchanger length and power consumption conditions.


In modern society, there is a constant development and improvement of the transport industry, due to which the role and distribution of this logistics industry, which is a service, is growing for the high-quality and fast delivery of goods. To maximize the export of finished products and more effective penetration into international markets around the world are organized by global logistics systems. This article summarizes the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific discussion on the place and prospects of management of the transport infrastructure of global logistics. The study's main purpose is to confirm the hypothesis about the existence of global logistics clusters united by a common transport infrastructure in accordance with the geopolitical and economic features of the regions. In this regard, the array of input data is presented in the form of ten transport infrastructure indicators from databases of the World Bank and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The study of the transport infrastructure of global logistics in the article is carried out in the following logical sequence: the formation of an array of input data; input data normalization; determination of the integral index of the level of transport infrastructure's development (principal component method); clustering (the k-means method) and interpretation of the obtained results. Forty-five European and Asian countries were selected as the object of the study from 2006 to 2020. The study empirically confirms the above hypothesis, evidenced by the identified integral index of the level of transport infrastructure's development and qualitative composition of the obtained clusters. The road passenger transport indicator exerts the most significant influence on the integral index of transport infrastructure, air transport, passengers carried, container port traffic and railways, passengers carried. In general, during the studied period, countries were grouped into three and two clusters. The consolidation of clusters in 2020 indicates that the transport infrastructure of countries with an average level of economic development began to develop actively. In particular, this concerns the increased demand for road transport. The study results can be useful for public authorities and international organizations that provide services for managing the transport infrastructure of global logistics.


NMR transverse relaxation responses in porous media provide a sensitive probe of the micro-structure yet are influenced by a set of factors which are not easily detangled. Low-field T2 transverse relaxation measurements can be carried out quickly and are frequently used to derive pore size distributions and determine derivate parameters like movable fluid volumes or permeability. Here we present an inverse solution workflow extracting related intrinsic physical parameters of the system by tightly fitting experiment and numerical simulation(s). We propose a Bayesian optimization approach that determines five T2 related properties associated with two values of temperature simultaneously. This concurrent optimization (CO-OPT) utilizes Gaussian process regression to determine the intrinsic physical parameters leading to a match to experiment with a minimal number of function evaluations. A multi-modal search strategy is employed to identify non-unique solution sets of the problem. The workflow is demonstrated on Bentheimer sandstone, identifying five intrinsic physical parameters simultaneously, namely the surface relaxivity of quartz and the effective diffusion and relaxation times of the clay regions at 20∘ C and 60∘ C, providing the temperature-dependent quartz surface relaxivity and effective clay parameters. Given the generality of the method, it can easily be adapted to transverse relaxation experiments, or dynamic conditions where e.g., a change in wettability is monitored by intrinsic NMR parameters.


In this paper, a regionalised Monte Carlo Simulation Technique (MCST) has been developed and compared to Australian Rainfall and Runoff-Regional Flood Frequency Estimation (ARR-RFFE) 2015 Model (test version) and Probabilistic Rational Method (PRM) in ARR 1987 for eastern New South Wales (NSW). This part of NSW was selected due to its adequate pluviograph and stream gauging stations of acceptable quantity and quality to develop and test a regional (R) MCST. This paper uses data from 86 pluviograph stations and 6 catchments to derive regional distributions of various stochastic model inputs and parameters that are needed to apply a regional runoff routing model, i.e. rainfall complete storm duration (DCS), rainfall inter-event duration (IED), rainfall depth (intensityfrequency- duration, IFD), rainfall temporal pattern (TP), initial loss (IL), continuing loss (CL) and runoff routing model's storage delay parameter (k). Comparison of the RMCST results with ARR-RFFE 2015 Model has been carried out for eight independent test catchments. It has been found that the RMCST generally out-performs the ARR-RFFE 2015 Model and PRM. The RMCST shows a relative error of 42%, which are 46% and 61% for the ARR-RFFE 2015 Model and PRM, respectively. The developed RMCST can be applied at any arbitrary location in eastern NSW. The advantage of the new RMCST is that it gives the full design hydrograph, in which ARR-RFFE 2015 Model and PRM only give the peakflow estimation. Although the method and design data developed here are primarily applicable to eastern NSW, the method can be adapted to other Australian states.


Digital data on tangible and intangible cultural assets is an essential part of daily life, communication and experience. It has a lasting influence on the perception of cultural identity as well as on the interactions between research, the cultural economy and society. Throughout the last three decades, many cultural heritage institutions have contributed a wealth of digital representations of cultural assets (2D digital reproductions of paintings, sheet music, 3D digital models of sculptures, monuments, rooms, buildings), audio-visual data (music, film, stage performances), and procedural research data such as encoding ‡ § | ¶ ¶ #


Natural disasters may directly cause the exhaustion of productive power, social turbulence and instability of the ruling power. The centralized feudal state power in the history of China had to make very effort to fight against natural disasters. The Ming dynasty got conspicuous achievement in fighting against natural disasters and relieving the famine stricken areas, which gives a lot of referential experiences for later generations in legislation for relieving famine stricken areas.


ABSTRACT This paper provides an empirical application of some recent developments in the social science of sustainability to understanding sustainable transport behaviour. We analyse talk about holidaymaking taken from interviews with self-defined "eco" or "sustainable" tourists. The focus of this paper explores the ways in which participants understand and reconcile the potential conflict of air transport and the notion of sustainable holidays. We identify a number of discursive strategies participants used to project and maintain positive self-representations in the context of complex, often incompatible constructions of sustainability derived from this particular dilemma. Such strategies are considered as concrete examples of the psychosocial organisation of denial and thus offer discursive barriers to sustainable transport futures. However, the analysis also demonstrates the ways in which some individuals were able to resist or challenge such forms of socially organised denial. The potential implications of these discursive barriers and strategies for sustainable transport futures and the tourism sector are discussed.


This article considers ideal model and its relations to ideal, differ in the philosophy and science definition of the ideal and ideal of model, applied character and its social functions and social nature.


This study aims to examine the influence of the real interest rate, Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Financial Openness (Degree Of Financial) to the changes of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Indonesia period of 2000-2013. The data used in this study is the data times series from years 2000-2013 are sourced from Financial Statements of Bank Indonesia (BI), The Central Statistics Agency (BPS) and the Asian Develompment Bank (ADB). This study uses quantitative methods and analyzed using the multiple linear regression analysis will use the t-statistic to test the partial coefficient and F-Statitisk to test the effect of jointly using Eviews 3.0 applications. Based on the results of multiple regression analysis, Simultaneously independent variable effect simultaneously with a significance level of 0.05% to Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). Given also the coefficient of determination (0.680164) means the influence of independent variables on the dependent variable of 68.0164% and the remaining 31.98% is affected by factors beyondin this riset. Partial known that GDP and Financial Openness (Degree Of Financial) significant positive effect on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Indonesia. While the real interest rate negative and not significant to Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Indonesia. Then dependent variable more effect to Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Financial Openness (Degree Of Financial).


Tiles are widely used for road's and pavement's surface decoration. In this work tiles relocation software on two-dimensional picture was developed. The idea is to improve tile arrangement and minimize resources. To achieve that, main method of the program employs combinatorial optimization. It is wide stream of similar operations, which can be performed independently. Several various algorithms were implemented to achieve distinct aims, dependent on user's needs. Work present implementation based on CPU and GPU computing. Using this, solution evaluation process provided. During the evaluation process it became clear that GPU parallelization algorithms are much more effective to solve the task, but still couldn't work without CPU.


Although many actuariesprobablylong for the "good old days" of double-digitinterest rates, are they reallypreparedto return to those levels? Some of today's risk exposureswere not as prevalenta decade ago. This sessionwill exploresome of those issues, includingwhat the maturity extensionrisk in mortgage securities(including collateralizedmortgage obligations(CMOs) is and how we monitor and manage the risk. DR. KRZYSZTOF M. OSTASZEWSKI: Let us begin by introducingthe speakers. Our first speakerwill be Shane Chalke, who is a Fellow and Vice Presidentof the Society of Actuaries. He is a leadingactuarialentrepreneurin this country and in the world, as the CEO of Chalke Incorporated,a providerof actuarial software. He is also known to many of us as the author of a very innovativepaper entitled "Macro Pricing" publishedrecently in the Transactions of the Society of Actuaries (Volume XLIII, 1991, pp. 137-230).


The article discusses the physical, chemical and functional properties of tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus) and the possibility of its use in meat products. Tiger nuts grow on the territory of the Republic of Egypt. This traditional plant goes back to ancient times. As a rule, its tubers are soaked and then eaten as a snack. Tiger nuts are currently used in beverages, bakery, and dairy products. According to the data obtained, tiger nuts contain 15.77% of dietary fibers, 22.64% of lipids, namely 79.41% of unsaturated and 20.59% of saturated fatty acids. The experiment proved that tiger nuts contain a substantial amount of minerals: potassium – 710 mg/100g, calcium and magnesium – 90 mg/100g. The plant also contains vitamins C, E, and B, while its antioxidant activity reaches 10.4 mg/g. The research featured the sensory properties of meat samples with various concentrations of tiger nuts as a partial replacement. The study revealed that the tiger nut is a cream-colored and odorless fine powder, with a weak sweet taste of almonds. During the experiment, 2.5%–10% of tiger nut powder was introduced into first grade beef samples with a 2.5% interval. When used as a meat substitute, 5% of tiger nut was found to have a positive effect on such indicators as taste, smell, color, and aroma. Hence, tiger nuts can be used as a functional ingredient in meat products to increase the content of dietary fibers, vitamins, and minerals. In addition, tiger nuts have a good antioxidant property, which increases the shelf life of meat products, and is a cheap partial substitute for raw meat.


The pneumatic system of civil aircraft is equipped with a precooler (PCE) to cool the high-temperature bleed air from the engine to meet the design requirement of a downstream user system. The PCE is usually a fork-flow heat exchanger. This heat exchange structure will make the outlet temperature difference especially large, which shall lead to the deviation of the inlet air temperature of the downstream wing anti-icing system and air conditioning system and cause the temperature of bleed air supplied to the wing anti-ice system unstable. During a flight test of a certain large passenger aircraft, it was found that the bleed temperature at the PCE outlet was lower than the piccolo inlet temperature of the wing anti-ice system when the wing anti-ice system was operated with two engine bleed systems on. This paper creatively proposes design ideas for the three kinds of mixers and determines the solution of adding a mixer downstream of the PCE to solve the temperature deviation problem. The mixer is installed at the hot side outlet of the PCE and used to mix the temperature field at the PCE outlet so that the air supplied to the downstream customer systems meets the design temperature requirements. According to the simulation calculation and laboratory test verification results, the design scheme of a certain large passenger aircraft is selected, which has successfully solved the problem of temperature stratification at the outlet of the PCE and supported the follow-up flight test.


Objective
To evaluate the middle and short-term effects of integrative cognitive training on mild cognitive impairments(MCI).

Methods
All the participants with MCI aged over 70 years were selected from one sub-district of Putuo District, Shanghai and divided into cognitive intervention group (n=46) and control group (n=35). The integrative cognitive training was conducted in 24 sessions for 12 weeks. All subjects were assessed by Neuropsychological Test Battery for Elderly (NTBE) and by a questionnaire of "Shanghai Health Survey for the Elderly (VER2006)" at baseline, follow-up and one-year follow-up phases.

Results
At baseline phase, semantic relations test in NTBE was better (t=2.13, P=0.037), verbal fluency test (vegetables) in NTBE was worse(t=-2.25, P=0.038) in intervention group than in control group, while there were no significant differences in scores of other neuropsychological tests between intervention group and control group(all P>0.05). At follow-up phase, 16 subscales in reasoning test of NTBE were improved (t=-2.70, P=0.010)and 2 subscales were declined in cognitive intervention group(all P<0.05). 9 subscales in semantic relations test of NTBE (t=-2.27, P=0.013) were improved and 5 subscales were declined in control group (all P<0.05). Comparison between groups at one year follow-up showed that 5 subscales in reasoning test of NTBE (F=16.80, P=0.000) were better in intervention group than in control group(all P<0.05). General linear model (GLM) with repeated measures at three time points showed that 4 subscales in reasoning test of NTBE had a time-by-group interaction (F=5.16, P=0.01).

Conclusions
Integrative cognitive training can improve cognitive function in patients with mild cognitive impairments, and the validity of reasoning ability can sustain one year.

Key words:
Cognition disorders; Intervention studies; Cognitive therapy


Now and then a book is published that stands out above the rest because its contribution is both important and unique. We know that it is a text that we will return to again and again – it will live with us. Skutnabb-Kangas' new book, Linguistic Genocide in Education, is such a book; it is an intellectual tour de force; it interests, fascinates, disturbs, and challenges us on many different levels. It combines rich description with in-depth analysis examining sociolinguistic, sociocultural, and political issues from different perspectives without losing sight of the main thesis of the book. This intricately woven tapestry, unravelled for and by the reader, offers multi-faceted and multi-levelled accounts; it represents a great intellect at its peak. In writing this review essay, I am acutely aware that the comprehensive scope anddepth of thebookmake it verydifficult todo justice to the complexities that it addresses. There is the risk of reducing the richness that it contains to a linear/simplistic narrative. In order to reflect someof that richness and complexity in the book, I shall summarise key aspects followed by a focus on what I consider to be some of the major contributions of the book as a whole. First, I want to comment on the book's readability.


The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) is used by the Federal Aviation Administration to assess psychopathology in air traffic control specialist applicants after a conditional offer of employment is extended. Two groups are compared in this study on their level of Scale K, which is used as a measure of defensiveness (putting one's best foot forward – "faking good"), but which may be influenced by socioeconomic status and education. Group 1 had already been hired and took the MMPI-2 as part of a voluntary research protocol while in training. Group 2 took the MMPI-2 as part of their medical screening process for hiring. There was a significant difference between the two groups (2 indicated a higher level of K than 1) on the level of K, suggesting that K is likely measuring defensiveness. Group 1 faced no consequences for their results, while Group 2 faced potential additional psychological assessment as a consequence of their MMPI-2 performance, and possibly even ultimate medical disqualification. While the hypothesis that groups would differ on K as a function of testing circumstances was supported, the hypothesis that K would rise as a function of education was not.


A generator (100) includes a substrate (110), first end (122), and opposed to the first end portion is disposed and adjacent to said substrate (110) It includes a semiconductor piezoelectric structure (120) having a second end and (124) which are, a first conductive contact (210), and a second conductive contact (212). The structure (120), said first end portion (122) bent and force is applied in the vicinity, whereby the first side (126) and the second side of the structure (120) (128 ) the potential difference between the results. The first conductive contact (210) is energized with said first end portion (122), said structure (120) said first end part and the first of the (122) containing substances causing Schottky barrier between the conductive contact (210). Also, the first conductive contact (210), the relative structure (120), said Schottky barrier with the structure (120) is deformed is disposed in a position which is forward biased Accordingly, current flows from the first conductive contact (130) to said first end portion (122). .The 2A


This paper introduces the types and evolution of EPON technologies along with developing trend, network structure, key technologies and application.


passes were over one tape area or if different areas of the tape were used each time. Mr. Nordyke: The tape was read over the same area of tape which was of the order of 20 inches. Again I want to emphasize that this is a high figure even though we have obtained it. The total number of passes on a longer length of tape, or a tape in which there are weak spots, is much lower, although you will still get reliable tape operation. L. C. Hobbs (Radio Corporation of America, RCA Victor Division): You mentioned tape stretch during the rapid start-stop. Could you elaborate on this as to the magnitude of the velocity overshoot, and any steps taken to overcome it, aside from not using the tape during that time? Mr. Buslik: At the present speed of about 75 inches per second, I do not think the overshoot in speed is as serious as we have shown in the slides. The overshoot is approximately 10 per cent, but that can be modified by the distance between the reading station and the point where the tape is actually being driven. When I said that we have accomplished a 5-millisecond start time, it does not mean that we are starting to read or record at that timewe have also incorporated a safety factor in the start and stop time. Also, we feel that by the use of other backing materials that are somewhat stiffer than the present acetate tape, this stretching can be reduced. J. L. Hill (Engineering Research Associates, Inc.): It is apparent that there is some


The paper considers the problem of converting mechanical energy of wind wheel into electrical energy. The main types of wind power generators, working with variable speed of wind wheel are considered. The features of low-speed synchronous generator with excitation from permanent magnets are considered.


"Second Language Learning and Teaching: Complementary Perspectives" is a research-based book contain 8 chapters, primarily designed as a reference book for both undergraduate and graduate students as well as researchers in language acquisition and teaching. It is also an up-to-date text for teacher trainers who want to keep up with developments in field, and stay informed about predominant theories.


The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS-02) is a large experiment in the International Space Station (ISS) intended to measure primary cosmic ray spectra in space. It sits outside of the station, looking out into space. High-energy particles pass through it, interacting with different detectors on the way. The Transition Radiation Detector (TRD) contributes to distinguish an e or p signal reducing the p or e background by a rejection factor 10 to 10 in the energy range from 10 to 300 GeV. This detector will be used in conjunction with an electromagnetic calorimeter to provide an overall p rejection of 10 with 90% efficiency for positrons. AMS-02 TRD consists of 20 layers of straw proportional tubes alternating with layer of fiber fleece radiator. The layers are mounted in a stable and light carbon fiber composite/aluminum honeycomb octagonal support, fixed by an M-structure to the AMS-02 magnet flange. A space qualified redundant electronic subsystem processes signals coming from the 5248 straw tubes providing front-end readout, first level DAQ and interface to the AMS-02 trigger/DAQ system. The straw tubes are filled with a Xe:CO2 gas mixture provided by a gas circulating system capable to operate more than 3 years in space. The gas control system of the TRD is also an essential item for its performance. To obtain the required discriminating power, a stringent control of gas parameters is necessary. The construction of the detector is presented


Acanthaspis Amyot and Serville, 1843, is the second-largest genus within the subfamily Reduviinae. Acanthaspis quinquespinosa (Fabricius, 1781), is a common species in Pakistan. Due to its variable color patterns, its taxonomic distinction from Acanthaspis flavipes Stål, 1855 has been confounded. The genitalia in Reduviidae are commonly used for species identification and in present studies, because of identical genitalia, A. flavipes Stål, 1855 stat. restit. is restored as a junior synonym of A. quinquespinosa . The authors surveyed different locations of Pakistan for members of Reduviinae. In this context, Acanthaspis rafiqi Shah and Cai sp. nov., is described, including descriptions of genitalia and detailed illustrations giving important diagnostic characters. Interestingly, this species has relatively similar body size and color patterns including the structure of male pygophore and parameres, however, differs from A. quinquespinosa in the structure of the phallus.


Adrenal cavernous hemangioma is a rare benign tumor, most commonly diagnosed incidentally on imaging studies. Hereby we report a case of adrenal cavernous hemangioma with myelolipoma in a 39-year-old female presenting with epigastric pain for six months. CT scan of abdomen and pelvis showed a 38*27 mm left adrenal mass with heterogeneous enhancement and calcification. Laparoscopic left adrenalectomy was performed and pathologic examination grossly showed an encapsulated oval mass with multicystic cut surfaces containing hematoma. Microscopically, blood filled dilated vascular channels lined by endothelial cells with foci of adipose tissue admixed with normal hematopoietic cells were seen. Positive immunostaining for CD31 and CD34 confirmed the diagnosis of cavernous hemangioma. So, cavernous hemangioma associated with myelolipoma of the adrenal gland should always be considered as a differential diagnosis of adrenal masses.


This paper endeavours to evolve a method of simultaneous determination of astronomical latitude, azimuth and time from the observed vertical angles and differences of recorded times and horizontal angles of an unknown star about an hour before and after the time of elongation, either east or west. The special feature of the method is that it does not require actual identification of the star of observation. The determinations being of an order better than third order precision, the method may have ample applications in both topographic and hydrographic surveys including navigation.


This manuscript is a book review of the 2019 Jessica Kingsley publication, Music Therapy in a Multicultural Context, edited by Melita Belgrave & Seung-A Kim.


This article presents influential BBC documentary radio programme The Ballad of John Axon (1958) as a text which refracts, recodes and intervenes into anxious debates within the late 1950s British left about shifting class formations, working-class investment in consumer capitalism and the attempt to formulate an appropriate cultural strategy. It contextualises the programme with reference to the writing of New Left intellectuals Raymond Williams and Richard Hoggart; it also reads the programme as a critical response to the hesitant cultural policies of the post 1956 Communist Party. It argues that in complex ways the radio programme's nostalgic construction of contemporary reality is generated by an impetus to contain late 1950s economic, social and political shifts within the framework of older and now contested modes of political analysis and organisation.


The grain spheroidizing and fining mechanism during stirring was analyzed and discussed. The research indicates that stirring can restrict dendritic growth. According to the force analysis of dendrite arms, it found that stirring can reduce the length of free crystal and promote wall crystal to be free. According to M-S theory, it shows that it is favorable to make the grains global by stirring.


Access to energy is crucial for modern societies to function sustainably. In addition, nuclear power has for a long time been considered a reliable source of energy. However, the majority of nuclea ...


Abstract : This work is an investigation of the mechanisms responsible for the microwave heating behavior of epoxies as applied to the cure of fiberglass/Epoxy laminate structures. The problem is approached by the derivation of a mathematical relation for the rate of microwave heating in terms of electric field and material dependent parameters. The dielectric constant and loss tangent of gelled epoxy samples are measured and reported as functions of frequency and temperature. this information is used to develop a theoretical model for the microwave heating behavior of an epoxy during cure. The results of actual high power heating experiments are compared with the theoretical predictions. Physical mechanisms responsible for the observed behavior are proposed.


Forgotten or neglected arable land plants, such as buckwheat, are becoming increasingly important in crop production. Grain and one seed nuts are in the usage for humans and domestic animals diet. On the fields of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Backi Petrovac, researches were conducted in terms of conventional (2010-2012) and organic cropping systems, 2012. Analysis of the average yields showed that Novosadska buckwheat variety achieved a statistically significantly higher yield in 2010 th (2,996 kg ha -1 ) compared to the 2011 th and 2012 th (p <0.01). The year showed statistical significance based on the analysis of variance. The average yields of Novosadska buckwheat variety, the variant with foliar fertilization in the conventional cropping system, were significantly higher compared with the control. The average yields amounted 1.395 kg ha -1 and were higher by 214 kg ha -1 , or 18.12% compared to the control. The average plants height was 144 cm. 1000 grain weight was on the average of 23.72 g for the entire experiment. Average yields in the organic cropping system were higher in variants with foliar fertilization (1322 kg ha -1 ) by 7% compared to the control and plants were higher by 7.28%. Plants were higher in the organic system of cultivation by 13 cm, or 9% compared with plants grown in conventional cropping system, while the yields fell for 73 kg ha -1 , respectively by 5.52%. Foliar fertilizers proved to be a


How research is assessed affects what types of knowledge are valued, incentivized, and rewarded. An increasingly important element of contemporary research evaluation is the measurement of the wider impact of research (e.g. benefit to society, culture or economy). Although the measurement of impact has been highly contested, the area is under-theorized and dominated by pragmatic research policy imperatives. Informed by a sociological perspective, this article intervenes in this context by reframing research impact as the attainment and maintenance of capital (i.e. symbolic power or status) in various fields beyond academia. It argues that research impact occurs at the intersection of these fields of power. The article shows that impact involves various combinations of capital from the scholarly field, the field of politics, the field of application, the media field, and the economic field, which provide credibility, authority, utility, visibility, and weight, respectively. In exploring the forms of worth and value that underpin the pursuit of legitimacy in these fields, the article provides a new theoretical framework for understanding research impact and its assessment.


In this paper we present a complete framework for modelling and estimating vessel GHG emissions and related air pollutants (i.e. CO2 and SOx, NOx and PM) in ports, based on data collected from the Automatic Identification System (AIS). Our approach adopts a modified lambda architecture approach, which consists of a knowledge extraction batch processing step and a real time emissions calculation step. The approach makes it possible to automatically identify the berths or ports where emissions are high in a consistent and uniform way across the globe.


Local, national and international standards determine strategic goals for public transport authorities, while they establish a set of performance indicators for the continuous monitoring of financial and quality performance of public transport services. This paper investigates the development of a performance measurement system for the public transport services in Thessaloniki, Greece. This system includes a set of proposed indicators which are in line with the relevant European standards. The proposed system was developed by the application of customer satisfaction and mystery shopping surveys that were designed and tested in the context of this research. A pilot survey was conducted to validate the appropriate format and organization of the tools aiming at obtaining reliable performance data with minimal financial cost. This paper demonstrates both an efficient and effective way to implement quality measurement surveys, while, it provides useful guidance to public transport agencies planning to introduce or revise their performance measurement programs.


Nowadays, biochar is being studied to a great degree because of its potential for carbon sequestration, soil improvement, climate change mitigation, catalysis, wastewater treatment, energy storage, and waste management. The present review emphasizes on the utilization of biochar and biochar-based nanocomposites to play a key role in decontaminating dyes from wastewater. Numerous trials are underway to synthesize functionalized, surface engineered biochar-based nanocomposites that can sufficiently remove dye-contaminated wastewater. The removal of dyes from wastewater via natural and modified biochar follows numerous mechanisms such as precipitation, surface complexation, ion exchange, cation–π interactions, and electrostatic attraction. Further, biochar production and modification promote good adsorption capacity for dye removal owing to the properties tailored from the production stage and linked with specific adsorption mechanisms such as hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions. Meanwhile, a framework for artificial neural networking and machine learning to model the dye removal efficiency of biochar from wastewater is proposed even though such studies are still in their infancy stage. The present review article recommends that smart technologies for modelling and forecasting the potential of such modification of biochar should be included for their proper applications.


Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common chronic condition characterized by uncertain disease progression and an unpredictable course of exacerbations and remissions. Approximately 1–3% of the population in Western countries is affected by RA (1). Various interventions may alleviate its course, and patients come into contact with a large number and variety of health professionals. For many patients, pain, disability, deformity, and reduced quality of life persist in spite of treatment. There is room for new approaches to enhance current treatment effectiveness. Patient education is one such approach that is thought to be beneficial in helping patients cope with their disease and cooperate with its complex management (2,3). As with other chronic diseases, there is no cure for most types of arthritis, including RA. Furthermore, the disease course is often unpredictable and the symptoms that patients experience can vary from day to day or even from hour to hour. Because of the nature of pain and disability, the partial and inconsistent effects of treatment, and the unpredictability people with arthritis face on a daily basis, patient education programs have become a complement to traditional medical treatment (4). Thus, patient education programs have given people with arthritis the strategies and the tools necessary to make daily decisions to cope with the disease (5,6). Patient education has been defined as "any set of planned educational activities designed to improve patients health behaviors and/or health status" (7). Lorig has further stated "the purpose of patient education is to maintain or improve health, or, in some cases, to slow deterioration" (7). The focus of arthritis patient education programs is to teach patients to adjust their daily activities as dictated by disease symptoms. In other words, in addition to teaching patients what they should do, patients are also instructed on how to approach situations and to make adjustments that are appropriate for each individual and his or her own needs. There has been increasing research in the field of patient education, and major reviews of published studies have been conducted on the value of education in general (8) and, more recently, on education in arthritis (5,6,9,10). Two reviews on arthritis patient education reported combined effect estimates on main outcome measures, such as pain, functional disability, and psychological outcomes (9,10). Hawley reviewed 34 rheumatic disease patient education clinical trials performed between 1985 and 1995 (9). She reported average effect sizes for treatment groups compared with nonintervention controls for RA patient pain, functional ability, and depression at postintervention of 0.13, –0.16, and 0.01, respectivley; effect sizes for osteoarthritis (OA) patient pain, functional ability, and depression at postintervention were 0.44, 0.28, and 0.56, respectively (confidence intervals were not reported). These data show a trend to greater improvement for OA compared with RA patients (9). Superio-Cabuslay et al compared the effects of 19 patient education trials and 28 nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug trials between 1966 and 1993 among patients with OA and RA (10). They found an average effect size for treatment compared with nonintervention controls for RA patient pain and funcThis article is a summary of a Cochrane systematic review: Riemsma R, Kirwan J, Taal E, Rasker J. Patient education for adults with rheumatoid arthritis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2002;(3):CD003688. An editorial discussing the main results of the review has been published: Riemsma RP, Taal E, Kirwan JR, Rasker JJ. Patient education programmes for adults with rheumatoid arthritis [editorial]. BMJ 2002;325:558–9. The results of a Cochrane review can be interpreted differently, depending on people's perspectives and circumstances. Please consider the conclusions presented carefully. They are the opinions of review authors, and are not necessarily shared by the Cochrane Collaboration. The views expressed in this report are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the Dutch Arthritis Association. Any errors are the responsibility of the authors. Supported by a grant from the Dutch Arthritis Association. Robert P. Riemsma, PhD: Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, York, United Kingdom; Erik Taal, PhD: University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands; John R. Kirwan, BSc, MD: Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, United Kingdom; Johannes J. Rasker, MD, PhD: University of Twente and Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands. Address correspondence to Robert P. Riemsma, PhD, Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK. E-mail: email@example.com. Submitted for publication July 4, 2003; accepted in revised form November 30, 2003. Arthritis & Rheumatism (Arthritis Care & Research) Vol. 51, No. 6, December 15, 2004, pp. 1045–1059 DOI 10.1002/art.20823 © 2004, American College of Rheumatology


Nonextensive statistics has been becoming a very useful tool to describe the complexity of dynamic systems. Recently, analysis of the magnitude distribution of earthquakes has been increasingly used in the context of nonextensivity. In the present paper, the nonextensive analysis of the southern California earthquake catalog was performed. The results show that the nonextensivity parameter q lies in the same range as obtained for other different seismic areas, thus suggesting a sort of universal character in the nonextensive interpretation of seismicity.


The effects of RU-1205 compound with a well-established kappa-opioid activity on the other neurotransmitter systems were studied. The neurochemical mechanisms of the action of RU-1205 were identified. It has been established that the substance under study has no influence on the effects of adrenergic, cholinergic and serotonergic neurotransmitter systems. It has also been determined that RU-1205 reduces fenamic hyperactivity of mice and the number of convulsions induced by bicuculline and picrotoxin.


This limited investigation shows that the diet of some miners differs substantially from that of the general population, in that the vitamin A intake is high. This high intake, which in view of the nature of their work is of considerable theoretical importance, appears to be to some extent conditioned by their manner of working, and therefore less susceptible than might have been anticipated to changes in income. The largest single source of vitamin A is the butter eaten by the men, which varies from ½ to 1 lb., the higher figure being the more frequent and probably the more representative. The large consumption of butter is associated with a large consumption of bread and, except in certain individuals, probably does not vary greatly from person to person, or from season to season. The next most important source of vitamin A is liver, but great differences occurred in its intake. Its great value as a food, which could be readily admitted into his dietary, has as yet barely been appreciated by the average miner. The addition of further quantities of vitamin A to the diet, in the shape of Prepalin, occasioned no discomfort, but produced no material improvement in the miners' power of dark adaptation. The excellent health of the group of miners investigated and freedom from nystagmus or other defects of vision appears to be good reasons for endeavouring to maintain in the miner a relatively high daily intake of 6000–7000 units of vitamin A.


How growing axons are guided to their targets has been the subject of much speculation. A popular hypothesis is that there are macromolecules in the extracellular matrix (ECM) or on the surfaces of other cells that form pathways for axon guidance. Such molecular signals could act via a number of different mechanisms. One way of directing neurite growth is by providing a very adhesive surface for growth cone attachment (Letourneau 1975). There are, however, more elaborate ways in which such molecules could function. For instance, the extracellular signals could be recognized by surface receptors on the axons, or be internalized where they could influence the rate or direction of neurite growth. Nerve growth factor (NGF), for instance, can act as a chemoattractive agent by binding to growing neurites (Gundersen and Barrett 1980; Claude et al. 1982). A variety of cells, both non-neuronal and neuronal, might synthesize guidance molecules. Clearly, all target cells are candidates for
synthesizing these factors, as was demonstrated for
NGF (Ebendal et al. 1980; Korsching and Thoenen
1983). If neurons were to secrete guidance or adhesion
molecules, and deposit them in an ECM along their axonal
length, then these factors would be ideally localized
for directing regrowth of neurites after axotomy.
In addition, there is evidence that neuronal surfaces
contain molecules that are adhesive for other neurites
or growth cones (Rutishauser et al. 1978; Bentley and
Keshishian 1982; Tagbert et al. 1982).


The advance in complexity and sophistication of small satellite missions is increasingly requiring that these spacecraft have on-board propulsion systems. However, there is a different emphasis on these small systems as opposed to the traditional propulsion systems on larger spacecraft. The systems must be low cost, low volume and safe. Traditionally cold gas nitrogen systems have been used as they provide a simple solution, combining high reliability with low cost and heritage. However cold gas systems tend to be limited by fairly low specific impulses and poor storage densities. One method of enhancing their performance, hence extending the mission life, is by heating the propellant to achieve a higher exhaust velocity. When this is done electrically with resistance heaters it is known as a resistojet. One feature of small satellites is that they are often power limited. Hence a balance must be struck between the propulsion system power requirements and the rest of the spacecraft. This paper will describe some of the features and limitations of using resistojets on small spacecraft and the evolution of the Surrey family of thrusters.


Background Iron deficiency (ID) anemia impacts the cognitive and motor development of children until the age of 10 years, despite receiving iron therapy. Early det ection of ID is recommended and serum ferritin has been proposed as an alternative indicator for ID det ection. Objective To assess th e diagnostic accuracy of serum ferritin for detecting ID in children below five years of age. Methods T his cross-sectional, diagnostic study was conducted in primary health care centers in Yogyakarta and Bantu!. Hemoglobin (Hb), serum ferritin and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) levels were performed on children aged 6- 59 months.A sTfR level of 2: 8.2 mg/L was used to define iron deficiency. T he best cutoff point for serum ferritin level use as a diagnostic tool was determined by receiver operator curve. Results T he prevalence ofID was32%. Mean h emoglobin levels in iron deficient and healthy children were 11.7 (SD 0.5) g/dL and 12.2 (SD 0.7) g/dL, respectively. T he sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value (PPV) of serum ferritin ( < 12 ug/L) were 17%, 93%, and 56%, respectively. Using a cut off of <32.4 ug/L, serum ferritin had sensitivity of 62. l % and specificity of 50.8%. Conclusions The diagnostic value of serum fe rritin levels is modestly capable of detecting ID. Therefore, serum ferritin should not be used as an alternative indicator for detecting ID in children below five years of age.


Objective To evaluate the credibility of combined radiotherapy and surgery for cancer of the nose and ethmoid sinuses and their prognostic factors.Methods 231 patients with such cancers treated from June 1959 to June 1991 received either radiotherapy only ( R group, 179), radiotherapy plus surgery(R+S group, 42), surgery plus radiotherapy (S+R group, 8) or surgery alone(S group, 2). Median dose of 70Gy was given to R group, 50Gy to R+S group. Limited resection was done for surgery.Results The overall 5 year survival rate was 42.1%. The 5 year survival rates of R and R+S groups were 34.1% and 61.9%. The 5 year survival rates of Stage Ⅰto Ⅳ lesions were 79.2%, 61.1%,40.9% and 24.3%, respectively.Conclusions For early lesions(Stage Ⅰand Ⅱ) and poorly differentiated cancer, R alone or S+R give better results. For advanced lesions (Stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ), combined radiotherapy and surgery is preferred. Radiotherapy alone is indicated for poorly differentiated cancers. Combined radiotherapy plus surgery is preferred for squamous cell carcinoma.


Objective: To analyze the causes of huge difference in premarital examination rate among newly- married couples in Shangqiu and Kaifeng,provide feasible policy suggestion for improving premarital examination work in Shangqiu and Kaifeng even He 'nan province. Methods: Based on KAP theory of health education,a self- designed questionnaire was used to investigate the newly- married couples in Shangqiu and Kaifeng,KAP situations of free premarital examination among the newly- married couples in Shangqiu and Kaifeng were analyzed and compared. Results: Among the newly- married couples,89. 1% of them in Shangqiu and 97. 4% of them in Kaifeng considered premarital examination was necessary,the premarital examination rates were 21. 7% and 74. 4%,respectively,there was statistically significant difference between the two groups( P 0. 01). Conclusion: Free premarital examination policy has significant impact on recovery of premarital examination rate in He'nan,but the effect has regional difference.


For a method of using a light-weight communication protocol between different network components, apparatus, and system are disclosed herein. The user equipment including a random access procedure, and a message of a reduced number (compared to the legacy radio resource control (RRC) connection messaging sequence) that are exchanged between the different nodes of the network to establish a connection for the (UE) and the eNodeB the messaging process is used which comprises a messaging sequence. These messages may be generated using any combination of the pre-configured or pre-determined data to a specific UE or a lightweight communication protocol.


The measurement of spousal discussion in surveys in the developing world has contributed to the current consideration that the improvement of spousal communication is a viable policy tool for bridging the gender gap in reproductive inclinations and ultimately reducing fertility. Much of the previous work that has undergirded this position has focused on spousal gauging of partner approval which is observed to improve with discussion. Further because women who indicate that their spouses represent obstacles to their use of contraception also often state that they have never discussed family planning their statements of husband-as-obstacle have often been questioned. Recent work has challenged the notion that discussion necessarily conveys knowledge about partner attitude. Those findings however emanate from a Kenya 1998 Demographic Health and Survey of 1195 couples of who only about 10 percent disapprove of family planning. Thus the conclusions which obtain from the variance in findings associated with disapproval versus approval are by definition tentative. The current study pools three data sets to provide a large enough sample to verify the findings from the earlier study. The study goes further to evaluate in a multivariate framework the hypothesis that discussion improves spousal knowledge of partner attitude. The results confirm that the improvement in report of partner approval that has been noted to occur with discussion and attributed to improved knowledge may in fact be a result of guessing or of projecting one's own attitudes onto those of the partner. The implication is that anticipated reductions in unmet need from improvements in spousal discussion may be overstated.


In collaborative product development with multiple suppliers, buyers must manage the suppliers' activities. This empirical research investigates the performance impacts of three strategies that buyers use to manage suppliers who design interdependent components. These strategies are: Instructionism (giving clear instructions to suppliers), Teaming (forming an interactive development team with suppliers), and Delegation (transferring component development responsibilities to suppliers). Data were collected through a cross-industry web-based survey of buying firms in manufacturing industries whose products require multiple, interdependent components. A path analysis utilizing 318 survey responses indicates that Instructionism has a positive effect on design quality, and Teaming has a positive effect on design quality and component innovation. The use of Delegation is not related to any of the performance indicators. The practical implication of this research for product development managers is that both Instructionism and Teaming can be effective strategies. For the purpose of assuring design quality, a buyer should give clear instructions in detailed specifications or work closely with suppliers in development teams. If competitive priority is product innovativeness, however, the buyer should work closely with its suppliers during component development processes using a Teaming strategy.


Moment-type Nonparametric Estimation in Some Direct and Indirect Models Fairouz M.Ali Elmagbri In this research, several approximantions of the probability density function, cumulative distribution function in some direct and indirect models are proposed. They are based on the knowledge of the moments and the scaled Laplace transform of the target functions. The upper bounds for the uniform rate of approximations as well as the mean squared errors are established. Two cases when the support of underlying function is bounded and unbounded from above are studied. Proposed constructions provide new nonparametric estimates of the distribution and the density functions in right censored, current status, mean residual life time and length biased models. Simulation study justifies the consistency of the proposed estimates. Acknowledgements First of all, I praise God almighty for granting me this opportunity and the capability to proceed successfully in my study. I also would like to express my sincere gratitude to my advisors Dr. Robert Mnatsakanov and Dr.Gary Ganser for their support throughout my Ph.D. research. I am extremely fortunate for having them as advisors, their knowledge, guidance, and motivation helped me at all the times to complete my dissertation. Besides, I would like to thank my PhD thesis committee: Dr. E. James Harner, Dr. Adrian Tudorascu , and Dr.Casian Pantea for their insightful comments, guidance, and encouragement, which helped me to successfully finish up my research. I would also like to extend my sincere thanks to Dr. Diamond Harvey, and Dr. Michael Mays, who gave me help and support. I take this opportunity to express sincere gratitude to the Department of Mathematic and Department of Statistics faculty members and staff for their help and support. Lastly, I would like to thank my family: my husband, my parent, brothers and sisters for their endless support throughout this period.


Any successful variation on established methods for removal of intravascular foreign bodies is welcome but when the technique requires long saphenous venotomy "with sacrifice of the vein if necessary" as described by Davies and Graham in your Journal (1984) there must be reservation. The long saphenous vein has intrinsic importance and, in these days of epidemic atherosclerosis, is the most commonly used source of autologous vein graft for peripheral and coronary arterial bypass surgery; it should be preserved where possible.


National Natural Science Foundation of China [61274072, 60976057, 60876086]; Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials Science of Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences [KLSMS-1105]


Field experiments were adopted to study the impacts of three nitrogen fertilizer rates on dry matter accumulation, grain yield, yield components and nitrogen utilization efficiency of japonica rice. The results showed that grain yield, effective panicles and grain number per panicle of japonica rice increased along with increasing nitrogen fertilizer rate, but seed setting percentage and thousand-seed weight decreased. Dry matter accumulation and nitrogen content in each organ and nitrogen accumulation in plant of japonica rice all showed a increasing trend along with increase of nitrogen fertilizer rate in both heading period and mature period. The producing efficiency, absorption efficiency, agricultural utilization rate and partial productivity of nitrogen all decreased with increasing nitrogen fertilizer rate, among which the nitrogen producing efficiency and the nitrogen partial productivity declined more obvious.


Abstract : A computer model simulating performance of passive optical sensors for imaging underwater objects from above-water paltforms is described. The model is based on the models of sun and sky spectral radiance, wavy sea surface, light propagation in seawater and is able to render images of underwater objects as seen through the air-water interface.


In Law Number 24 Year 2007 concerning Disaster Management, it is stated that the central government and regional governments are responsible for implementing disaster management, with an emphasis on preparedness and mitigation in dealing with natural disasters, but the socialization of these two matters is not regulated in the law exist, so that the planning and implementation of the socialization and internalization program must be carried out by the community itself. Exposure in this paper aims to provide an overview of how socialization of mitigation in dealing with natural disasters carried out by the use of information systems and technology can be successful with reference to the theory of SECI (Socialization, Externalization, Combination, and Internalization), knowledge development with data formed based on the perspective of the community. Factor analysis method is used to look for the success factors of mitigation socialization in the face of natural disasters. Furthermore, from the new factors that are formed, further analysis is carried out with a regression analysis method to develop a successful model of disaster mitigation socialization expected.The results of the study provide a number of new factors that can be represented as variables of community awareness of natural disasters, mitigation socialization processes in the face of natural disasters, availability of systems and information technology, and knowledge management governance on natural disaster mitigation. The conclusion obtained from this study is that the momentum of the industrial revolution era 4.0 can be utilized to support the socialization process of natural disaster mitigation independently measured based on the local wisdom of the local community.


Adjustment of 547 college students was examined by the variables of alcoholic parentage and participant gender. Results from a multivariate analysis of variance, using the Diagnostic Inventory of Personality and Symptoms, indicated significant main effects for gender but not for alcoholic parentage. Significant gender differences occurred for alcohol abuse, drug abuse, paranoid psychosis, affective depression, anxiety disorders, psychological factors affecting physical condition, immature character, and neurotic character. Findings suggest that college students from alcoholic homes should not be distinguished from the general population in terms of their adjustment.


This study investigates the flexural strength of simply supported steel-concrete composite beams under hogging moment. A total of 24 composite beams are included in the experiments, and ABAQUS software is used to establish finite element (FE) models that can simulate the mechanical properties of composite beams. In a parametric study, the influences of several major parameters, such as shear connection degree, stud arrangement and diameter, longitudinal and transverse reinforcement ratios, loading manner, and beam length, on flexural strength were investigated. Thereafter, three standards, namely, GB 50017, Eurocode 4, and BS 5950, were used to estimate the flexural strength of the composite beams. These codes were also compared with experimental and numerical results. Results indicate that GB 50017 may provide better estimations than the other two codes.


Second Life in the Open University: how the virtual world can facilitate learning for staff and students Book Section How to cite: Broadribb, Stephanie; Peachey, Anna; Carter, Christopher and Westrapp, Francine (2009). Second Life in the Open University: how the virtual world can facilitate learning for staff and students. In: Wankel, Charles and Kingsley, Jan eds. Higher Education: Teaching and Learning in Virtual Worlds. International Perspectives on Education and Society (12). Bingley: Emerald Group Publishing, pp. 203–220.


In this paper the form and harmfulness of infidelity of accounting are elaborated. And from accounting, internal control system, outside audit, ethics idea and administration of law the causes of the infidelity of accounting information are analyzed. At the same time the treatment measures are proposed to eliminate this phenomenon, which contain perfecting code institution, carrying out accounting system of authorization, intensifying legislation and administration of law, renovating conception and so on.


The curvature of gas-liquid interfaces and the step change in properties across these interfaces in microchannels are shown here to create a powerful lens/mirror effect. In a hydrophilic system, light incident on the bubble is focused into the surrounding liquid resulting in a locally increased total light exposure. The optical phenomena leading to this are discussed and the effect is demonstrated experimentally by imaging the increased photobleaching rate of fluorophores in the near-bubble region. Numerical simulations of the system are performed to investigate the electrical potential and flow fields resulting from the application of an axial electric field. Microbubble Lensing-Induced Photobleaching (μ-BLIP) is then applied as a method of molecular tagging for flow visualization in microchannels. Once formed, the electrokinetic transport of the marker is analyzed to determine the cross-channel velocity profile of the liquid phase, and the liquid velocity in the film. Experimental data is verified by comparison with numerical predictions and previous experimental studies. This contribution represents both a new application of microscale gas-liquid interfacial phenomena, and a new technique for microfluidic flow visualization, particularly applicable (though not limited) to the study of multiphase microchannel flows.Copyright © 2003 by ASME


The study aimed at determining the effect of functional flexibility on organizational performance in the public sector. It sought to find out the implementations of functional flexibility and its influence to employee performance. The main objective of the study was to find out the effect of functional flexibility to organizational performance in the public sectors. The major theory used in the research was Social exchange theory which expresses performance as the outcome of an exchange practice. The theory was used to link the mutual organization employee relationship towards meeting satisfaction of each part for attaining high performance. The study was guided by four research questions which focused on how functional flexibility is implemented in Immigration Department, the extent functional flexibility contribute to employee's performance, hindrances that undermine practise of functional flexibility in the department and the relationship of the existing performance and the practise of functional flexibility in the department. In the study quantitative approach was used and 70 respondents were included. Data was obtained through questionnaires and the use of descriptive analysis. The research found out that there are diminutive implementations of functional flexibility in the organization hence lowering organizational performance and unachieved organizational competitive advantage. Immigration Department should enhance implementations of functional flexibility by enhancing communication process, intensify access to information, restructure of jobs designs and rotations, increase in motivation and invest in human resources. This is because functional flexibility powerfully persuades high performance of employee and influence organizational performance if practised effectively. Keywords: Functional, flexibility, organizational performance.


An Observer Program has been launched since 2002 by Chinese Taipei on her longline vessels. One of the major tasks for the program is to collect size data of the main target/concerned species. Currently, bigeye length data collected from 34 vessels have been compiled and most of data were from the tropical region of the Atlantic Ocean between 15°N-15°S (major bigeye fishing ground) and the rest from the temperate regions (albacore fishing grounds). Among them, 54,173 sets of data include weight data. A


The application of total-life-cycle design idea in project design of transmission line can effectively avoid the "shortsighted action" during design period.Through the design for security,reliability,construction,maintainability,environment protection and cost optimization,the project's maximum benefit in the total life cycle is realized.


This article discusses some of the unique environmental occurrences that pavement maintenance contractors need to deal with in the Southwest. Although the Arizona climate does not change drastically, a few unique situations appear each season. In the spring, desert plants scatter blossoms in gutters and on pavements, which fills the hoppers of sweepers quickly. During July and August, Arizona is faced with dust storms and monsoons. As a result, sweepers encounter several challenges cleaning up sites after the dust storms roll through. The dust is like powder, and requires the use of a water truck and a sweeper together. Monsoons during the summer leave mud stains that also often have to be cleaned up with both a sweeper and a water truck. Tumbleweeds grow in the spring, but die and begin rolling in the fall and winter. These tumbleweeds are large, round, and covered with stickers. In some situations, they can pile up as high as a car or become caught in fences. They can quickly clog vacuum sweepers and lead to full hoppers in short time periods. A maintenance contractor must be aware of these seasonal challenges so they can prepare their equipment and staff to manage them effectively.


Measurements of the photon energy dependence of the branching ratio of the spin-orbit split 5p levels in xenon, in the range 16 to 33 eV are reported. The authors' data are compared with three recent calculations. They find best agreement with one based on the relativistic random-phase approximation which extends down to 27 eV. In the near threshold region, the other available calculations are not in agreement with their data. They also describe a simple modification of a commercial cylindrical mirror energy analyser for angular distribution studies.


reduced longevity.1 Heart failure can be due to systolic or diastolic left ventricular dysfunction. Most patients with heart failure have primarily systolic dysfunction. In two-thirds of patients with systolic dysfunction, the cause is coronary artery disease.2 However, patients may also have nonischaemic causes of cardiomyopathy such as hypertension, valvular heart disease, myocarditis, systemic disease, toxins, alcohol/drug abuse, or idiopathic cardiomyopathy. Depressed left ventricular ejection fraction (<40%) is the hallmark of systolic dysfunction. Diastolic dysfunction is defined as normal or preserved rest systolic function in the presence of


(2m - 2)! cm - (m-1)!m! One of the interesting aspects of Polya's paper is that it exposed readers to his newly developed theory of "figurate series". We wish to consider the idea of letting n -*> oo and studying triangulations of the oo-gon, i.e. the circle. This question doesn't make much sense as combinatorics, but we can shift viewpoint and consider random triangulations of the n-gon, in which each of the cn-1 possible triangulations is equally likely. The purpose of this paper is to show that there exists an object "the random triangulation of a circle" which is in a natural sense the n -* oo limit of the random triangulation of the n-gon. As with Polya [9], the exposition takes readers into some newly developed theory of the author. Let's start by recalling a precise definition. A triangulation of a finite set S is a collection of nonintersecting line segments with endpoints from S such that the convex hull of S is partitioned into triangular regions. We shall be concerned only with the cases Sn consisting of the vertices of the regular n-gon inscribed in a fixed


PURPOSE: A system and a method for foreign language learning using a mobile phone are provided to make a foreign language learning service server search the information for foreign language data from a database and transmit the information to the mobile phone of a user if the user inputs/transmits a Korean word to the foreign language learning service server through the mobile phone. CONSTITUTION: The mobile phone(S100) edits/transmits a text message and is equipped with a function outputting a voice or a bell sound. The foreign language learning service server(S500) provides the user with the foreign language learning information depending on setting items set by the user if the registered user transmits a request by inputting the text message wanting translation. A database(S550) stores the information including the Korean word data and corresponding foreign language voice/text data by connecting to the foreign language learning service data.