Introduction.In this study, we analysed the results of applying various surgical methods in the combined treatment of inflammatory diseases of bones and joints.Materials and methods.The work was based on data from a multi-dimensional cohort study using non-concurrent (historical) control. A retrospective study included the analysis of medical records covering the period of 2009–2016 (1059 patients). A prospective study consisted in analysing the effectiveness of modern surgical methods in the combined treatment of inflammatory diseases of bones and joints in patients hospitalised to the Septic Surgery Department of the G.G. Kuvatov Republican Clinical Hospital (Ufa, Russia) in 2017–2018 (285 patients).Results and discussion.An analysis of the authors' own data revealed that injuries (73.21%) and infectious complications after receiving surgery on bones and joints (15.03%) are the most common causes of osteomyelitis. In most cases, the following list of measures is optimal for diagnosing suspected osteomyelitis of various etiologies: X-ray, general clinical tests supplemented by the fistulography or CT of the affected area prior to surgery, as well as the examination of surgical material after surgery. The use of modern methods for surgical debridement and surgical repair of bone defects in the combined treatment of patients with chronic osteomyelitis can significantly reduce the relapse rate. It is recommended that patients with osteomyelitis be treated at large in-patient surgical facilities, which include a specialised department for the treatment of surgical infections and corresponding support services.Conclusion.Apparently, there is no one most optimal method for treating osteomyelitis. The optimal effect in the treatment of osteomyelitis is achieved through a personalised set of therapeutic measures using the following methods: laser vaporisation, negative-pressure wound therapy, ultrasonic cavitation in the focus of inflammation, as well as surgical repair of the post-trepanation bone defect or wound.


Latent heat models were developed to calculate heat-transfer coefficients in agitated vessels for two cases: (1) heating with a condensable fluid flowing through coils and jackets; (2) vacuum reflux cooling with an overhead condenser. In either case the mathematical treatment, based on macroscopic balances, requires no iterative schemes. In addition to providing heat-transfer coefficients, the models predict flow rates of service fluid through the coils and jackets, estimate the percentage of heat transfer due to latent heat, and compute reflux rates.


We have built the Global Seed vault (also known as Doomsday vault) at Spitsbergen, part of Norway's Svalbard archipelago to ensure the future of humanity in case of catastrophe caused by pandemic or nuclear war. There are discussions how we can bring back the civilization using the plough that kick started our civilization. This paper proposes how we can bring back the civilization faster by safekeeping all the patents, formulas, and important theories that have shaped our economy and way of life through global consortium which we must establish to secure the future of humanity.


significant differences in total proportions of deferrals or failures for total PLT, PLT only, or PLT/PLS proc. (p > .10 in all areas). There was a significant decrease in single product collection rate over all (Pre—26.4%, Post— 14.6%, p < .001). The decrease was more pronounced for PLT only proc. (Pre—23.1%, Post—1.2%, p <.001). However, there was a significant increase in single PLT/PLS proc. (Pre—35.0%, Post—66.2%, p < .001). Conclusions: The desire to decrease single PLT proc. is not a new concept. However, logistical issues and accommodating donor preferences can hinder implementation. Our success with this strategy was directly related to consistent and clear communication to all staff and donors, along with collaboration and support from leadership. The results show the strategy led to improved split rates, reduced single component rates, and increased PLT products. We saw an increase in single PLT/PLS proc. partly because donors ineligible for a double/triple are only given this option. One lesson learned was how many donors came in around the September 1, 2022 deadline, to donate "one last single." However, donors and staff can be guided and are open to change with the right communication and reinforcement. When the time is invested in discussion and education donors are reminded of why they are donating and fixate less on what they are donating.


Abstract The electrical properties of the title compounds were studied for a wide range of temperature, They indicate that the compounds are anisotropic at room temperature and become almost isotropic at low temperatures.


1 Introduction AUBREY CANNON 2 Material Culture Perspectives on the Worldview of Northern Hunter-Gatherers PETER JORDAN, University of Aberdeen 3 Humans, Material Culture and Landscape: Outline to an Understanding of Developments in Worldviews on the Scandinavian Peninsula, ca. 10,000-4500 BP INGRID FUGLESTVEDT, University of Oslo 4 Cosmology and Everyday Perception in Northwest Coast Production, Reproduction, and Settlement AUBREY CANNON 5 The Structured World of the Niitsitapi: The Landscape as Historical Archive among Hunter-Gatherers of the Northern Plains GERALD A. OETELAAR AND D. JOY OETELAAR, University of Calgary 6 Landscape Learning and Lithic Technology: Seasonal Mobility, Enculturation and Tool Apprenticeship among the Early Palaeo-Eskimos S. BROOKE MILNE, University of Manitoba 7 Making Space in the Late Mesolithic of Britain LESLEY MCFADYEN, University of Leicester 8 Why Does Difference Matter? The Creation of Personhood and the Categorisation of Food among Prehistoric Fisher-Gatherer-Hunters of Northern Europe LILIANA JANIK, University of Cambridge 9 Using Worldwide Samples in Understanding the Mesolithic-Neolithic Transition in Northern Europe HELENA KNUTSSON, University of Uppsala 10 Figurines, Circular Settlements and Jomon Worldviews NAOKO MATSUMOTO, Okayama University 11 The Involution of Complexity in Jomon Japan SIMON KANER, Sainsbury Institute for the Study of Japanese Arts and Cultures 12 Conclusion AUBREY CANNON


The goal of this research consists in identification and complex description of the stages of existence of a phrase. The subject of this research is changes in the use that afflict phrases in diachrony. The author determines the types of such changes, which characterize the stages of existence of a phrase since its emergence, as well as possible ways of development of a phrase (in terms of unchangeability of its composition and level of idiomaticity).Based on the material of verbal-nominal phrases in German language, both free and phraseologisms, and attraction of corpus-based data, the changes in use are perceived as elements of a single process. The scientific novelty lies in the attempt to describe the models of diachronic changes as cyclic processes; reveal common trends in development of phrases and in applicability of the definition of "life cycle" to the indicted processes. The concept of "life cycle", used in various sciences for designating the natural, repeating processes, found its reflection in linguistics. However, cyclic processes in phraseology yet remain unstudied, despite the existing description of such phenomena as usualization, phraseologization, and dephraseologization. In conclusion, the author presents a dynamic model of life cycle of a phrase; the changes in use are viewed as its part; as well as offers the terms "deusualization" and "reusualization". The obtained life cycle model can find application in further research in the area of diachronic phraseology and phrase formation.


Introduction: Nutritional health is one of the most controversial themes that had long been investigated against reproductive health. This study aimed to explore the relationship between different diet components and behaviour among infertile and fertile couples. Methods: A case-control study was conducted in Gaza Strip with the participation of 160 infertile couples matched residentially with 160 fertile ones. Infertile couples were chosen from patients who were registered in five fertility centers from 2016 to 2018. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire extended by the WHO STEP wise diet questionnaire and analyzed through SPSS program version 22 by using descriptive analysis, independent T-test, cross-tabulation, and logistic regression. Results: Our findings revealed that more infertile couples than fertile ones consume vegetables for less than 4 days/week (P = 0.001, females and males), less than 3 servings in each of these days (P < 0.001, females and males), less than 5 total servings of fruits and vegetables (P = 0.004 females, P = 0.010 males) and more red meat in main meals (P = 0.010 females, P = 0.042 males). Regular consumption of sweets and/or chips, soda and/or canned juice and using vegetable oil rather than olive oil also provided significant positive association (P = 0.031, P = 0.022, P = 0.020 respectively). Adjusting covariates showed that 65% of the risk is reduced by consumption of vegetables for more than 3 days/week (P = 0.007) and 54% reduction is achieved with every additional serving of vegetables consumed per day (P = 0.029). Conclusion: The study provides credible evidence for the importance of following healthy nutritional patterns that seems to offer remarkable protection against primary infertility. Journal of Health and Social Sciences 2020; 5,1:103-114 The Italian Journal for Interdisciplinary Health and Social Development


Abstract We examine the role and potential impact of gay, lesbian, and bisexual (GLB) voters in the 2008 and 2012 presidential elections. We look at trend data from 1990 to 2010 to assess the fluctuations in support for the Democratic Party by GLB voters, specifically a substantial decrease in support during the 2010 midterm elections. We use data from the 2008 election to assess the estimated contribution the GLB vote made toward President Obama's margin of victory in key battleground states. Looking at the Obama administration's record on gay rights, specifically the failure to pass the Employment Non-Discrimination Act (ENDA), we argue that the Democratic Party could be held accountable in the 2012 election for their failure to provide protection from employment discrimination based on sexual orientation. Potentially the 2012 election will be closer than the 2008 race, highlighting the importance of the GLB vote to President Obama's reelection in key states. We argue that if President Obama incorporates strong support for ENDA into his reelection platform, the Democratic Party has the chance to recapture the GLB votes it lost in 2010 and maintain enough of the 2008 electoral votes that led to President Obama's victory.


MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous 18-25nt RNAs that regulate genes at the protein translation level. They can act as tumor suppressors or oncogene and are often dysregulated in various cancers. ANXA7 is a tumor suppressor gene that encodes for a Ca2+-dependent membrane-binding protein and its expression was found to be reduced or lost in advanced androgen-independent prostate cancers. This research aims to identify miRNAs that are regulated by the ANXA7 tumor suppressor gene and the putative pathways involved in prostate cancer. The overexpression of wild-type ANXA7 was achieved by using a mammalian expression vector harboring the gene. From our miRNA microarray expression, a total of 16 miRNAs were found to be significantly differentially expressed in response to increased ANXA7. These include hsa-miR-874, hsa-miR-1284, hsa-miR-543 and hsa-miR-409-5p. All of these miRNAs have predicted targets that are involved in calcium signaling. In conclusion, the altered miRNA expression induced upon increased expression of ANXA7 suggests that miRNAs and the calcium signaling pathways are regulated by ANXA7 and could be manipulated for therapeutic purposes.


As a basic institution to coordinate labor relations,collective negotiation plays an important role in protecting employees'legal rights,changing the model of social management,and promoting a harmonious society.China has already developed a system of collective negotiation with its own unique characteristics.Nevertheless,it still has some limitations in practice.It is necessary to improve and perfect the legal mechanism of collective negotiation,provide a clear definition of the government position,harness the power of the trade unions,enhance the initiative of the employers,guarantee the rights of the employees so that the government,trade unions,employers and employees can follow certain norms of practice in conformity with the laws.


Let me start with a personal experience. Over many years at Harvard, I taught a course in the core programme on the Cultural Revolution. During the 1980s and 1990s, the students were mainly Americans, but in the new millennium, Harvard, like other US schools, began to admit undergraduates from China. Although some of them avoided my course because they reportedly feared I might insult Mao Zedong 毛泽东, quite a few risked this possibility. Many of those Chinese students came up to me at the end of the course to thank me for opening their eyes to the events of 1966–1976; mum and dad/grandma and grandpa had told them nothing about the Cultural Revolution. My reaction to these revelations was that their ignorance must in part be owing to the vigorous attempt by the regime to consign the Cultural Revolution to the dustbin of history by discouraging research and teaching on the subject. Under those circumstances, parents and grandparents could be forgiven for not igniting their children's curiosity and perhaps exposing them to sanctions. But, other possibilities also occurred to me. Since most of the Harvard cohort of Chinese undergraduates are from bourgeois families, their relatives are unlikely to have escaped involvement in the Cultural Revolution: either they were beaten up, had their houses trashed, their books burned, their valuables confiscated, or they were among the beaters and looters. Either way, these would be deeply shaming experiences: would one really want to dwell on them with one's children? Louisa Lim entitled her book about Tiananmen The People's Republic of Amnesia.1 The title could be equally well applied to the Cultural Revolution. The dangers of inducing national amnesia is encapsulated in George Santayana's famous dictum: "Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it." Or, as the Nobel Prize-winning author Gao Xingjian 高行健 put it when discussing the Cultural Revolution:


We report on the development of achromatic half-wave plates for use as polarisation modulators in multi-frequency submillimetre receiver systems. The particular waveplates described are being developed for use with a common user polarimeter for the SCUBA submillimetre camera on the JCMT.


Objective To observe the expressions of matrix metalloproteinases-2(MMP-2) and MMP-9 in the walls of thrombophlebitic saphenous vein,and to investigate the mechanism of pathogenesis of vascular remodeling. Methods Each 16 specimens of primary great saphenous varicose veins and thrombophlebitic saphenous veins were collected,while 13 specimens of normal great saphenous vein were collected as controls. The expressions of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in these specimens were observed by immunohistochemistry staining under light microscopy. Results In the thrombus group,MMP-2 and MMP-9 were distributed in all layers of the venous wall,and were with a strong positive expression in proliferated vasa vasorum,and were with a cluster distribution in media. Significant differences of the expressions of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were observed among the three groups(all P 0.05). Conclusion There was a positive correlation between the expressions of MMP-2 and MMP-9 and the severity of disease,which suggesting that MMP-2 and MMP-9 may participate in the remodeling of thrombophlebitic saphenous vein walls.


Background: Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) is a surgical procedure performed for the relief of nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO). This procedure involves the creation of ostium at the lacrimal bone to form a shunt in the nasolacrimal pathway. It can be performed externally or endoscopically. The aim of this study is to evaluate the success rates and complications of endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy in Misurata Central Hospital. Methods: Prospective study includes 30 patients admitted to the ENT-Department, Misrata Central Hospital over a period of one year, starting from April 2016 to March 2017. They underwent endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy for primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Results: Thirty patients were included in the study. Their age ranged from 11-60 years, with mean age of 33 years. Most of the patients were in the age range of 31 to 50 years. There were 24 (80%) females and 6 (20%) males. The most common complaint of patients before surgery was epiphora. There was more obstruction on left side -21 (70%) than on the right side-9 (30%). Bilateral involvement was not seen. Three patients (10%) were required septoplasty during the endoscopic DCR procedure. Twenty four out of thirty (80%) patients had complete resolution. There were no any significant major complications observed in any patient in our study. Conclusions: Endoscopic DCR is safe, successful procedure for the treatment of nasolacrimal duct obstruction and has several advantages over conventional external approach.


OBJECTIVE
To describe 3 cases of oculoleptomeningeal amyloidosis (OLMA).

DESIGN
Descriptive case series.

PARTICIPANTS
Three siblings who presented with floaters and decreased visual acuity.

METHODS
A complete ophthalmologic examination, magnetic resonance imaging, cytological, and genetic studies were carried out in clinical practice. Each sibling was treated by means of pars plana vitrectomy. Vitreous samples stained with Congo Red revealed apple-green birefringence when viewed under polarized light.

RESULTS
In each case, visual acuity improved greatly after pars plana vitrectomy. A Tyr69His mutation in the transthyretin (TTR) gene was genetically confirmed in 2 of the siblings.

CONCLUSIONS
This report adds to the literature regarding OLMA and its association with a Tyr69His mutation in the TTR gene. Despite no proven therapy at this time, symptomatic treatment with pars plana vitrectomy appears to be beneficial.


Evaluation of road intersection Basuki Rahmat – Imam Bonjol Road – way Road Priest Arief the judge Rahman KH Road – Ahmad Dahlan in Samarinda City Supervisor I : Ir . Yayuk Sri Sundari , MT , and Advisor II : Rosa Agustaniah , ST , MT . Several intersections in the city of Samarinda in particular crossroads Basuki Rahmat - the Imam snag - Jalan Arief Rahman Hakim - KH road . Ahmad Dahlan , necessary to evaluate the performance of traffic lights , because the area is adjacent to the office , school and shops . So at peak hours ( peak hours ) often experience congestion and delays . The purpose of this study is to analyze the performance of traffic lights using Indonesian Highway Capacity Manual 1997 ( MKJI'97 ) at the crossroads Imam Basuki Rahmat- snag - way Arief Rahman Hakim - KH. Ahmad Dahlan . The purpose of this study is as follows : 1.      Knowing the initial conditions of the performance analysis of signalized intersections at peak hours and the service level ( the level of service / LOS ) 2.      Knowing the initial conditions of the performance analysis of signalized intersections at the average and the service level ( the level of service / LOS ) . 3.      Knowing the analysis of changes in traffic light timing on the performance of signalized intersections at peak hours and service levels ( the level of service / LOS ) . From the analysis of signalized intersections on roads Basuki Rahmat - the Imam snag - Arief Rahman Hakim road - KH road . Ahmad Dahlan in the can ; baseline performance on peak hour intersection level of service ( the level of service / LOS ) initial conditions averaged intersection v / c = 1.208 > 0.85 have a level of service ( LOS ) = F and initial conditions intersection performance at average obtained - service levels ( the level of service / LOS ) initial conditions averaged intersection v / c = 0.913 > 0.85 have a level of service ( LOS ) = E. By the time the change made calculations on the traffic lights at the intersection of performance the level of peak hour services ( level of service / LOS ) initial conditions averaged intersection v / c = 0.741 < 0.85 have this level of service ( LOS ) = C and the change in time of traffic lights at the intersection of the performance of the average rate services ( level of service / LOS ) initial conditions averaged intersection v / c = 0.558 < 0.85 have this level of service ( LOS ) = C.


Abstract A standard approach to option pricing is based on Black-Scholes type (BS hereafter) models utilizing the no-arbitrage argument of complete markets. However, there are several crucial assumptions, such as that the option underlying log-returns follow normal distribution, there is unique and deterministic riskless rate as well as the volatility of underlying log-returns. Since the assumptions are generally not fulfilled, the BS-type models mostly provide false results. A common market practice is therefore to invert option pricing model and using market prices of highly liquid options to get a so called implied volatility (IV). The BS model at one time moment can be related to the whole set of IVs as given by maturity/moneyness relation of tradable options. One can therefore get IV curve or surface (a so called smirk or smile). Since the moneyness and maturity of IV often do not match the data of valuated options, some sort of estimating and local smoothing is necessary. However, it can lead to arbitrage opportunity, if no-arbitrage conditions on state price density (SPD) are ignored. In this paper, using option data on DAX index, we analyze the behavior of IV and SPD with respect to different choices of bandwidth parameter h and a set of bandwidths, which violates no-arbitrage conditions, are identified. Moreover, it is documented that the change of h implies interesting changes in the violation interval of moneyness. We also show the impact of h on the total area of SPD under zero, which can be seen as a degree of no-arbitrage violation.


FIELD: oil and gas industry. SUBSTANCE: method consists in a gasification process where a syngas stream and a carbon monoxide stream with a predetermined ratio H 2 is obtained: CO by introducing an oxidizer, which is a mixture of water vapor and oxygen-containing gas into the metal melt together with the raw material. The ratio of the raw material and the oxidizer introduced into the metal melt and the ratio of water vapor and oxygen-containing gas in the oxidizer are selected depending on the ratio of H:C in the feedstock. The resulting syngas of predetermined ratio H 2 :CO is maintaned by adjusting the flow rate of water vapor supplied in the oxidizer composition. EFFECT: possibility for processing waste, including wet, with targeted production of two separate streams of gaseous products: syngas stream and carbon monoxide stream that are used, without correction of composition, for synthesis of high value-added chemical products. 10 cl, 3 dwg, 2 ex


Contingency theory is perhaps the most powerful current sweeping over the public and private sectors of management. An understanding of the "situational" characteristics of the organizational forces that influence the relationships between environmental, management, and performance variables is now coming to be seen as a key to under standing the management process itself. Unfortunately, the field of educational administration has yet to become extensively involved. Focus in this paper is given to an identification and analysis of (1) the basic assumptions underpinning contingency theory, and (2) the contin gent nature of organizational structure, leadership, and planning variables. The objective is to build a conceptual framework that will be a useful tool in providing greater facility for description, analysis, and prediction in educational organizations. The paper concludes with a series of research questions intended to establish lines of investigation for the field of school organization and administration.


The article presents the algorithm for the analysis of econometric indicators of the customs authorities, the factors affecting the appropriate indicators have been revealed. The main methods of calculations on the example of individual indicators are given. These factors allowed to draw a conclusion based on the given data. The econometric model for export and import was built and a forecast was made based on the analysis of data for 2011 – 2017.


The Board's decision turned upon the morality exclusion from patentability, the Board finding that for this exclusion to apply the invention must lend itself only to immoral forms of exploitation.


PURPOSE: A method and a device are provided to limit the degas of tritiated waste generated by the reacting of nuclear. CONSTITUTION: A method for reducing the amount of tritium(T2 or HT) or tritium water(HTO or T2O) which is generated by a package including particles of tritiated waste(5) which is generated from the nuclear industry comprises the following steps of: contacting the package with a mixture(2) including manganese dioxide(MnO2) combined to the component including silver; and contacting the package with a molecular sieve(1).


This study investigated the use of lexical bundles in research articles written in English by Turkish scholars. For the purpose of the study, a corpus of published research articles produced by Turkish scholars in six different academic disciplines was collected. The four-word lexical bundles that appeared at least twenty times in this one million word corpus were identified and further analyzed both structurally and functionally based on the previous taxonomies developed by Biber, Johansson, Leech, Conrad and Finegan (1999) and Biber, Conrad and Cortes (2004). The results of this study revealed that the lexical bundles found have structural correlates as well as strong functional features that help to construct discourse in academic writing. The conclusions drawn from this study could be applied to the teaching of academic genres to researchers in English as a Foreign Language context and are expected to provide insights for further corpus-based studies in academic writing. INDEX WORDS: Lexical bundles, Research articles, Corpus, Academic writing, Corpus-based studies ANALYSIS OF FOURWORD LEXICAL BUNDLES IN PUBLISHED RESEARCH ARTICLES WRITTEN BY TURKISH SCHOLARS


The Cretaceous pectinid subgenus name Chlamys (Microchlamys) Sobetski, 1977, is preoccupied by Microchlamys Cockerell, 1911, a protozoan. The new name Dhondtichlamys is introduced to replace the junior homonym.


Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali Tonk Rajasthan (India) 304022 ISSN: 0976-3031 RESEARCH ARTICLE EFFECT OF PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA (PGPR) ON PLANT GROWTH AND FLOURIDE (F) UPTAKE BY F HYPERACCUMULATOR PLANT PROSOPIS JULIFLORA Khushboo chaudhary and Suphiya Khan* Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali Tonk Rajasthan (India) 304022


ABSTRACT In 1953, the Ghetto Fighters' Kibbutz in Israel opened a new permanent Holocaust exhibition. Housed in the kibbutz's museum, known as the Ghetto Fighters' House, the exhibition was intended not just to serve the kibbutz population, most of whom were Holocaust survivors, but also to materialize their testimonies for the Israeli public in the then-absence of a national Holocaust museum in Israel. The exhibition at the Ghetto Fighters' House found a form for early Holocaust memory in a dizzying, non-chronological exhibition that displayed controversial, even taboo, subjects through unflinching and unresolved realism. The young artist couple commissioned to design the exhibition, Hannah and Naftali Bezem, worked intensively for months, combing over photographs, ephemera, and other documents that would make up the bulk of the exhibition that opened on the tenth anniversary ceremony of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising. The Bezems' belief that, beyond its didactic potential, an exhibition must serve as a model of artistic activism to mobilize its viewers resulted in an unrelenting depiction of the horrors of the Holocaust through displays of photographic documentation, artifacts, artworks, and their own murals. This article argues that the content and design of the 1953 exhibition both served as a call to action to memorialize the Holocaust in Israel in the 1950s, and reflected the post-traumatic state of the kibbutz audience as well as the designers themselves, particularly after Naftali learned that his parents had been murdered in Auschwitz. Through this exhibition, the Ghetto Fighters' House touched on the limits of Holocaust representation akin to what scholar Michael Rothberg has defined as traumatic realism.


Vital hepatocytes have been isolated from an adult human liver for the first time. Vitality of the parenchymal cells was examined by trypanblue staining, morphological sppearance and energy-requiring metabolic functions such as gluconeogenesis and glycogen synthesis. Following a cold ischemic time of 6 hours metabolic activity had decreased considerably.


The formation and dynamics of free-surface structures, such as steps or terraces and their interplay with the phase separation in the bulk are key features of diblock copolymer films. We present a phase-field model with an obstacle potential which follows naturally from derivations of the Ohta-Kawasaki energy functional via self-consistent field theory. The free surface of the film is incorporated into the phase-field model by including a third phase for the void. The resulting model and its sharp interface limit are shown to capture the energetics of films with steps in two dimensions. For this model, we then develop a numerical approach that is capable of resolving the long-time complex free-surface structures that arise in diblock copolymer films.


Aiming at the problem that traditional harmonic measurement methods based on FFT lead to a larger error in the measurement of the harmonic signal in power grid,especially the time-varying signal such as unsteady periodic signal and so on. A method of time domain interpolation was used to synchronize the asynchronous sampling signal. First of all,zero crossing detection was used to determine the actual frequency of the signal and reposition the ideal sampling sequence according to the the ideal sampling interval,then the signal was synchronized by applying Hermite interpolation algorithm on the actual sampling value. Finally,the spectrum of signal would be analyzed with the help of FFT transform. The calculation was proceded in two situations of the fundamental frequency offset is fixed and fundamental frequency is fluctuating. The results indicate that hermite interpolation synchronization algorithm can be applied to the above two cases. Taking computational efficiency into account,it can meet the accuracy requirement of GBT 17626. 7—2008 at the same time. The Hermite interpolation synchronization algorithm is a kind of practical method.


The goal of this doctoral thesis is to study the liability for damage caused by others arising from an offense punishable under Spanish law. Specifically, it examines the liability of parents, guardians, educational institutions, employers, vehicle owners and Public Administration. This entails taking into account aspects of criminal law, administrative and, of course, civil law.


This paper develops and presents a spiritual contingency model of spiritual leadership that includes spiritual leadership characteristics such as follower's feelings of interconnectedness, religious or existential faith, and leader charisma along with such boundary conditions and contingencies (moderators) as narcissism, pro-social motivation to lead, follower perceptions of leader integrity (ethics), and perceived organizational support. In exploring these contingency factors, the paper also examines the potential "dark side" of spiritual leadership and concludes with implications for future research and managerial practice as suggested by the model.


The inviscid nature of the of the inertial range of the turbulent energy cascade suggests that it should be reversible, and that reverse cascade effects should remain in normal turbulence. Using a reversible LES model, we study some properties of the direct and reverse cascades in isotropic turbulence. The reverse cascade is fairly stable and resilient to perturbations. The study of the Lyapunov exponents and eigenvectors of both cascades allows us to compute a 'viscous' limit below which the system is enslaved to larger scales, and to characterize the most unstable solutions of the forward cascade. They appear to correspond to stretched vortices.


Municipal waste is defined as waste from households and other sources, such as retail, administration, education, health, accommodation and food services and other services and activities, which is similar in nature and composition to household waste. Municipal waste should therefore include, inter alia, waste from park and garden maintenance, such as leaves, grass and tree clippings, and waste from market and street cleaning, such as the contents of rubbish bins and rubbish, with the exception of materials such as sand, stones, mud or dust. The rules and guidelines for municipal waste management are, of course, set by the relevant legal regulations, first of all the regulations and directives of the European Union, then the laws, government regulations and decrees. The Czech Republic is obliged to implement all EU regulations. The number of regulations adopted at the level of the European Union has been so great in recent years that they no longer even "roll over" into Czech Act No. 1852001 Coll. on waste, but only references to the relevant EU standards are inserted. The aim of the presented article is to define the procedures for waste treatment of a selected municipal company operating in the city of Havirov.


Abstract Commonly, low completion rates in massive open online courses have called into question the quality of their learning materials and instruction. This paper attempts to identify crucial factors of engagement and retention in language massive open online courses (LMOOCs) in the context of the open online program of Icelandic Online, a self-guided course for second language learners of Icelandic. The study seeks to explore the impact of factors associated with the course's instructional design on engagement and retention and reveal crucial determinants of attrition. The study depends on survey and tracking data from 400 learners and qualitative data from 62 informants in one course. It builds on previous studies on student engagement and retention in LMOOCs (Friðriksdóttir, 2018, 2019). The present study identified six content-specific factors that the majority of participants considered to be important for their motivation. Some factors, such as gradual and scaffolded presentation of input, had a positive impact on retention. Furthermore, statements from learners in the study who disengaged before completing show that non-course-related factors, such as time constraints, affect LMOOC retention. The study provides a new framework for how to promote student engagement and suggests specific strategies for other LMOOC developers.


This overview of current themes in vocational education and training policies and systems is presented in three parts. PART 1 treats the context of vocational education and training and discusses the major issues influencing national Governments to change their role in vocational education and training. PART 2 discusses the common themes in how central Governments are changing their role in vocational education and training, particularly concerning the devolution of training responsibility to local bodies. The ways in which vocational education and training systems controlled by these local bodies are reacting to this increased responsibility are pursued in detail. PART 3 discusses the growing realization by central Governments that their responsibility for economic development and productivity can be discharged by a closer focus on vocational education and training, not at the delivery level, but at a policy level which includes both policies for vocational preparation of all citizens — particularly youth — and policies which promote new and existing enterprises which show high returns on investment and productivity.


The human MYC proto-oncogene protein (MYC) is a transcription factor that plays a major role in the regulation of cell proliferation. Deregulation of MYC expression is often found in cancer. In the last years, several hypotheses have been proposed to explain cell type specific MYC target gene expression patterns despite genome wide DNA binding of MYC. In a recent publication, a mathematical modelling approach in combination with experimental data demonstrated that differences in MYC-DNA-binding affinity are sufficient to explain distinct promoter occupancies and allow stratification of distinct MYC-regulated biological processes at different MYC concentrations. Here, we extend the analysis of the published mathematical model of DNA-binding behaviour of MYC to demonstrate that the insights gained in the investigation of the human osteosarcoma cell line U2OS can be generalized to other human cell types.


Much of the research shows that 75% of the accidents are caused by human factors, among them about 21% are connected with fatigue. The mission of civil aviation air traffic controllers is to prevent the aircraft from colliding and to guarantee the smooth flowing of air traffic. With the development of civil aviation of China, the flight number has increased dramatically; unsafe incidents caused by controllers' fatigue are also increasing. Considering the complicated and ambiguous characteristics related to fatigue, this paper, based on the SHEL model, investigates the air traffic controllers' fatigue from a new perspective with dividing it into 'L' subsystem, 'L-L' subsystem, 'L-H' subsystem, 'L-E' subsystem and 'L-S' subsystem. Some suggestions on reducing the fatigue risk of air traffic controller have been given.


This paper briefly discusses the definition, genesis mechanism and classification of the microtectonics. Microtectonics is an important factor to control oil water distribution. The inclination and relief in oil layers may cause oil water redifferentiation. Consequently, there is rich remnant oil in positive microtectonic areas, less oil in inclined plane areas, and rich water in negative microtectonic areas mostly. Hence, great attention must be paid when the readjustment and disposition of hole net are dealt with.


In order to investigate the removal ability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, the most widely existent benzopyrene(Bap)is chosen as the target pollutant. Different oxidants like the modified Fenton reagent, activated persulfate and permanganate are evaluated for removal of Bap. from drinking water and the kinetic law of Bap Oxidation is studied. The result shows that modified Fenton reagent has the highest Bap removal rate(90.3%). The removal of Bap by activated persulfate reaches 86.9%. Permanganate can remove 76.7% of Bap. The removal of Bap with these oxidants obeys the first order kinetics and the curve between the reaction rate constant and temperature is shown using Arrhenius. Meanwhile, the reaction activation energies of different oxidants are obtained, and their chemical reaction rates are slightly lower than that of the common chemical reaction, which reveals that the Bap oxidation by these oxidants is not feasible.


It's thematic to train personnel with innovative ability about educative industrialization in the new century.An educative output should be settled for the intending demand of change quickly of social development,so that it will be not overstocked,the education resource will be not wasted.The presentday education should be an uptrend education.Such this theme should be grasped tightly by the reform of higher educative manage.


The most important example of an integration space in the constructive measure theory of Bishop and Cheng is the couple (X, 4), where X is a locally compact metric space and a is a nonnegative linear function on the space of continuous functions of compact support on X. Bishop and Cheng's proof that (X, a) is indeed an integration space is rather involved. In this paper a much simpler proof is given. Let (X, d) be a locally compact metric space and let 1t be a nonnegative linear function on the space C of continuous functions on X with compact supports. To rule out trivial cases assume that A(f) > 0 for some f in C. Bishop and Cheng [1] gave a constructive proof for the following Theorem. If (fm)m=o is a sequence of nonnegative functions in C with 11=iI'/m) convergent and less than 1(f0), then there exists an x in X with Ymilfm(x) convergent and less than fo(x). This theorem is the hardest step in showing that (X, 1L) is an integration space as defined in [1]. It has as consequences many existence theorems. The proof given in [1] is rather involved. We now give a much simpler proof. Let K be a compact set outside which fo vanishes. Construct a finite '2-net ty1l **.*. YN of K, and functions in (1 1. Define 91 = i1 and gn = gn1 V in gn1 (1<n<N) Clearly g< 1, and equality holds on K. Therefore, the hypothesis, EiI'Afm) < 1(f0), of the Theorem implies N 00 N E E: tQmGn ) < Y, ILQ Ogn) n=l m =1 n= Hence there exists some n (1 < n < N) such that ' =1L(Imgn) < p(fg0n) Received by the editors March 5, 1974. AMS (MOS) subject classifications (1970). Primary 02E99, 28A30.


Although direct isthmic repair, such as PSVPH, did not affect the mobility of the fixed segment and adjacent segment, it has a relatively low rate of isthmic fusion compared with conventional fusion. The Isobar TTL dynamic internal fixation system has been widely used in clinical practice and has achieved satisfactory clinical results. However, the use of the Isobar TTL system in combination with direct isthmic repair for lumbar spondylolysis has rarely been reported. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical and radiologic outcomes between patients who underwent Isobar TTL system and PSVPH with direct repair of defect for lumbar spondylolysis.


This study was carried out through monthly deep trawls applications in the waters of 20-100 m of depths in the Gulf of Antalya, between June 2013 and November 2014. The species composition, size frequency distribution and length/weight relationships for each sex of the commercially important shrimp, Penaeus japonicus in the Gulf of Antalya, in Mediterranean Sea were studied. A total of 108 individuals of lessepsian penaeid shrimp were sampled during the study. Length and weight of the samples varied between 10.6-20.3 (12.3±2.2) mm total length and 11.3380.17 (29.17 ± 13.05) g respectively. The smallest individual was sampled in February and the biggest was in April. A total of 63 (% 58) samples were female and 45 (% 42) were male. The relation between total length (CL) and weight (W) was determined as W = 0.0038CL R2 = 0.9437. This was calculated for females as W = 0.0036CL R2 = 0.953 and for males W = 0.0121CL R2 = 0.8582. It was determined that total and females showed positive allometric growth and males were showed negative allometric growth.


ABSTRACT A framework to analyze the fluid mechanisms in baffle type degassers is presented and particularly applied to an innovative airfoil-type degasser. Major fluid events in conventional baffle type degassers such as bubbles rising inside the oil layer and the flow of the oil layer itself were taken into account. However, in the current airfoil-type degasser oil flows over an airfoil surface and at the same time is exposed to an air jet. This air jet attaches to the airfoil surface due to the so called Coanda effect as observed in some trial runs of the system. A curved strip model is suggested to estimate the pressure reduction due to the jet curvature. Then we have performed a convective mass transfer analysis in order to determine the jet effect in reducing the partial pressure of the gas on the oil surface and increasing the rate of bubble formation.


The effect of liquid-coated urea to be sprayed onto apple leaves were studied and water only(CK)on apple trees growth were compared in open field experiment.The results showed that the effect of liquid-coated urea on apple trees growth was more significant than that water only,the number of new tips increased by 50%,leaf thickness increased by15%,fresh weight of leaf increased by 6.2%,leaf area increased by 9.3%,100-kernel weight increased by 4.4%,fruit type index increased by 3.3%,the apple yield increased by 9.8%.Apple yield and economic benefits increased remarkably.


Heritability of human personality traits is estimated in the range from 30% to 60%. A polygenic model which suggests interactions of multiple genes with each other and environment is recently preferred by researchers. One of the reasons why a psychiatrist should be aware of this issue is that personality traits of healthy persons may represent endophenotypes of psychopatology, and thus predict potential mental health problems. The authors searched the PubMed database using key words "gene" and "novelty seeking", "neuroticism", "harm avoidance", "self-transcendence", "extraversion", "impulsivity", or "antisocial" in 2009. This review covers genetic background of major human personality traits like novelty seeking, neuroticism, extraversion, impulsivity, or antisocial behavior. Results of recent meta-analyses with potential neurobiological mechanisms and possible transitions to Axis I mental disorders are presented. The authors also discuss possible confounding variables in genetic association studies into the human personality as a phenotype under study, assessment instruments, age, gender, epigenetic mechanisms, ethnic diversity, sample size, gene-gene, and gene-environment interactions. A full understanding of genetic principles of the human personality and the role of social environment may be a fundamental step to an effective causal treatment and prevention of mental disorders in the future.


For a number of polymers with different chemical structures and different properties we have determined scratch resistance and sliding wear (15 scratches along the same groove). We have measured cross section areas after scratching, namely the groove and side top-ridge areas. Nanohardness after scratching was determined using nanoindentation testing both inside and outside the scratching and sliding wear grooves. Three modes of sliding wear are seen: plowing, cutting with debris formation, and densification. The dominating mode depends on the material and is reflected in nanohardness. In polycarbonate (PC) the nanohardness inside and outside the groove are practically the same; the indenter just plows the material aside without debris formation or densification. Thus, the old measure of wear as the weight of the debris formed is not usable for PC; grooves are present but there is no loosened material. By contrast, in brittle materials such as polystyrene there is debris formation and nanohardness inside the groove decreases after 15 scratching runs. A third type of behavior is seen in polyethylene and polypropylene, namely densification caused by scratching; as a result, nanohardness inside the groove increases after 15 passes of the indenter.


This research aimedat finding out whetherthe use of free writing technique could improve students' writing skill especiallyin writing descriptive paragraph or not. The quasi-experimental research design was applied in this research.This research was conducted at SMPNegeri 1 Pasangkayu. The population was the eighth grade students, and the sample was class VIIIB as experimental class and VIIIC as control class. The instrument of data collection was a test which was administered twice called pre-test and post-test. The result of data analysis showed that the t-counted (7.49) was greater than the t-table (2.021) by applying 0.05 level of significance and the degree of freedom (df) was 40. In conclusion, the use of free writing technique can improve the students'writing skill particularly in writingdescriptive paragraph. Keywords : Improving; Writing Skill; Descriptive; Paragraph;Free Writing.


As an important substructure of the offshore platform, the bridge connecting two platforms possesses a completely different inherent dynamic nature compared with the whole structure. Based on the engineering design of the bridge and pipelines connecting CEPD and SLPW platform in Jinzhou 9-3 oilfield, an analysis on the dynamic response of the bridge structure induced by sea ice is reached in this paper by using finite element method. According to calculation result, bridge, as a platform substructure, not only inherits the ice-induced vibration of the platform, but also translates vibration from the platform into its unique form due to the dynamic characteristics of structure. Especially the vertical vibration level is significantly enlarged. The relevant evaluation is discussed afterwards according to the computing result.


The membrane surrounding the amniotic cavity are composed of the amnion and chorion and they are closely adherent to each other. Thesemebranes retain amniotic fluid and protect the fetus against ascending infection from genital tract. Most of the patient membrane rupture during process of labour but if it ruptures before onset of labour, it is called PROM. If PROM ocurres before 37 weeks of pregnancy it is called PPROM. Despite all measures PROM and PPROM continues to be important obstetrical complications. At term, nearly 8-10 % patients present with PROM and these patients are at increased risk for intrauterine infection when time interval between rupture of membrane and delivery increases. PPROM occurs in approximately 1 percent of all pregnancies and is associated with preterm deliveries. PPROM is a leading cause of preterm deliveries and causes complications like respiratory distress syndrome, neonatal infection and intraventricular haemrrhage. This study was aimed to understand incidence, and neonatal and maternal outcome due to PROM.Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) remains a subject of great clinical relevance and intense interest and is day to day problem for each and every obstetrician. Despite exhaustive research, most aspects of PROM remain enigmatic. The mechanism of PROM is unknown, there is no standard method of diagnosis and most of the management plans are controversial.PROM is a leading cause for prematurity which leads to increased perinatal morbidity and mortality. As prevention of PROM is difficult so obstetrician can only try to reduce the complications of PROM. Final aim of obstetrician is a pregnancy that results in healthy infant with lesser maternal complications. Methods: This is a retrospective study. The aim and objective is to determine the incidence, to find out the age, parity and gestational age distribution of PROM and was also to evaluate maternal and fetal outcome. The cases selected in this study were those bookedpatients who had spontaneous rupture of membranes after 28 wks of gestation but before the onset of labour pain. Patients were admitted in labour room from casualty as a routine. Total number of deliveries during study period were2200 and total number of PROM cases were 137. Per-scepulum examination were done in all patients with history of leaking per vaginum to diagnose PROM. In doubtful cases a closed observation was done to diagnose PROMPatients were examined, investigated and treated as per hospital protocol. Broad spectrum antibiotics was started in these patients and were monitored for infections by laboratory investigations and clinical signs. Timing of delivery was decided depending upon gestational age and aim was to deliver a healthy infant with less traumatized mother.Inj dexamethasone four doses at interval of 12 hrs was given to preterm patients and pregnancy tried to continue minimum till 34 weeks of gestation under strict observation for chorioamnionitis. Pre-induction bishop score was noted. Presence or absence of membranes were noted during examination. After confirmation of diagnosis and if decision was made for delivery then PGE2 gel application was done. All patients were assessed 6 hrs and 12 hrs after gel application and induction was done with oxytocin on appropriate time. Observation was made regarding mode of delivery. The babies were observed just after birth; Apgar score was recorded at 1 and 5 minutes. Babies were examined for maturity and for any congenital anamoley and followed. All the mothers were strictly observed for any signs of infections in puerperium.


1. The Development of PROC MULTTEST While controversial, the use of multiplicity adjustments has gained acceptance recently in varied fields of scientific endeavor and their associated publications. Multiplicity adjustments have been considered important in pharmaceutical safety determinations involving multiple endpoints, such as in adverse events analysis of clinical trials, and in animal carcinogenicity studies. In situations where the compound tested is completely safe, it is likely to observe false positive indications of one or more untoward outcomes when unadjusted testing methods are used. Multiplicity adjustment is also important in epidemiology and other complicated areas of data analysis, as it offers protection against conclusions that are driven by excessive data mining. Multiplicity concerns in toxicology and clinical trials prompted the development of the SAS? procedure PROC MULTTEST which calculates adjusted P-values for a user-supplied family of tests in a wide variety of applications. Biometrics readers will be interested to know that this software is readily available to calculate many (but not all) of the multiplicity-adjusted P-values described by Wright (1992). In addition, the software incorporates many improvements and enhancements, such as the ability to incorporate correlations and nonnormal distributions. The development of PROC MULTTEST started in May 1987. One of us (Westfall) presented a resampling approach to calculating adjusted P-values for multiple tests in multivariate binomial models, with special application to the animal carcinogenicity problem. The talk was entitled "Multivariate Binomial Testing," and was given as the keynote address for the Midwestern Biopharmaceutical Statistics Workshop (MBSW) held in Muncie, Indiana. Similar approaches to the same problem were developed concurrently and independently, all of which have been published (Farrar and Crump, 1988; Heyse and Rom, 1988; Westfall, and Young, 1989). [An interesting Biometrics connection should be mentioned here. Dr Young thought that Westfall's (1985) publication concerning simultaneous inference with multivariate binary data might be applied to the multiplicity problem in animal carcinogenicity studies. Dr Young therefore invited Dr Westfall to speak at the MBSW conference on this application.] The initial precursor to PROC MULTTEST, called PROC MBIN, was developed in 1988. We wrote the specifications for the software, and the coding was performed by Youling Lin at Texas Tech University. Under the auspices of the Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Association, a consortium of drug companies offered financial and intellectual support for the project; specific individuals and companies who contributed are listed below in the Acknowledgements section. The development proceeded through a series of meetings at national and regional statistics conferences; attendees included representatives from the funding organizations and from the United States Food and Drug Administration. From the outset, it was decided that the primary form of output from the software would be the adjusted P-value, for the reasons Wright describes in his opening paragraph. The procedure PROC MBIN was described by Westfall, Lin, and Young (1989) and was donated to SAS Institute Inc. The software performed multiplicity adjustments for multiple tests (z-score or exact permutation tests) in multivariate (possibly stratified), multiple group binary outcome situations. The main feature of the output of this software was the use of adjusted P-values to summarize many statistical tests. Single-step resampling (bootstrap or permutation), Bonferroni, and Sidak methods were used to calculate the adjustments. The tabular form of the output was much like Tables 2 and 3 of Wright, showing unadjusted P-values (which we called "raw" P-values) side-by-side with various types of adjusted P-values.


Abstact. This study aims to analyze the effect of the whistleblowing system and the competence of internal auditors on fraud prevention. The research method used in this research is descriptive verification method. This research is a quantitative study using data from a questionnaire which is measured using a Likert / ordinal scale. The population in this study were all State-Owned Enterprises in Bandung City with a target population of 8 State-Owned Enterprises in Bandung City. Sampling was done by using non-probability sampling technique, with a total sample of 35 respondents. The data analysis technique uses multiple linear regression analysis with the help of the SPSS program version 20. The hypothesis testing used is the partial test of the t test and the determinant coefficient. The whistleblowing system variable significance value is 0.001 <0.05, and the internal auditor competency variable significance value is 0.040 <0.05. The results showed that partially there was a significant influence between the whistleblowing system and the competence of internal auditors on fraud prevention. Keywords: whistleblowing system, internal auditor competence, fraud prevention Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh dari whistleblowing system dan kompetensi auditor internal terhadap pencegahan fraud . Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif verifikatif. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan data dari kuesioner yang diukur menggunakan skala likert/ordinal. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yakni seluruh Badan Usaha Milik Negara di Kota Bandung dengan target populasi 8 Badan Usaha Milik Negara di Kota Bandung. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik non probabilitas sampling, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 35 responden. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda dengan bantuan program SPSS versi 20. Pengujian hipotesis yang digunaan adalah pengujian parsial Uji t dan koefisien determinan. Diperoleh nilai signifikansi variabel whistleblowing system sebesar 0,001 < 0,05, serta nilai signifikansi variabel kompetensi auditor internal sebesar 0.040 < 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa secara parsial terdapat pengaruh signifikan antara whistleblowing system dan kompetensi auditor internal terhadap pencegahan fraud. Kata Kunci : whistleblowing system , kompetensi, auditor internal, pencegahan fraud


* 1. Genocide, April 1994 * 2. The Past is Prologue: Rwanda 1894-1973 * 3. The Involvement of France, Egypt and Uganda * 4. Akazu: The Oligarchy Ruling Rwanda * 5. Peace in Rwanda? The Arusha Accords * 6. Preparing the Genocide * 7. The Hate Radio: Radio-Television Libre des Mille Collines * 8. The New World Order and High Hopes for a UN Success * 9. Peacekeepers: The UN Arrives * 10. Peacekeepers in Trouble: February-April 1994 * 11. The UN Security Council: 5 April 1994 * 12. Four Days in Kigali: 6-9 April 1994 * 13. The Genocide Exposed * 14. The Secret Meanings of the Security Council * 15. Genocide Spreads * 16. The World Shuts the Door * 17. For Valour * 18. Starting from Zero: 18 July 1994 * 19. The Genocide Convention * Chronology * Appendix, Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, 1948 * Sources * Acknowledgements * Index


Transflective liquid crystal display (LCD) with single cell gap consisting optically compensated bend (OCB) and low twist nematic modes has been studied. Since no double cell gap structure is included in the configuration, the fabrication process is easy and only one more step UV exposure is needed during photoalignment process to produce domains. Based on this new configuration, a transflective LCD with high brightness and high contrast could be obtained.


Based on the analysis of the working characteristics GPS RTK technology and combined with the problems of satellite signals and data chaining encountered in the GPS RTK operations in mountain forest,some solutions are proposed,which can solve the difficulties of RTK survey in mountain forest to some extent.


Learning electrically stimulated speech patterns can be a new and difficult experience for cochlear implant patients. Cochlear implantation alone may not fully meet the needs of many patients, and additional auditory rehabilitation may be necessary to maximize the benefits of the implanted device. A recently developed computer-assisted speech-training program provides cochlear implant patients with the means to conduct auditory rehabilitation at home. The training software targets important acoustic contrasts between speech stimuli and provides auditory and visual feedback as well as progressive training, thereby maintaining patients' interest in the auditory training exercises. Recent scientific studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of such specialized auditory training programs in improving cochlear implant patients' speech recognition performance. Provided with an inexpensive and accessible auditory training program, cochlear implant patients may find the motivation and momentum to get the most from the implanted device.


Scholars have charged Adorno of hypocritically abandoning efforts to articulate possibilities of social transformation, a propensity he emphasizes is central to social critique and sociocritical sociology. Keeping consistent with his fundamentally negative position, this essay reexamines democracy by scoping his work and reorganizing its philosophical and sociological contexts to open dialogue on the characteristics of democracy that Adorno would not reject. Throughout, I negatively reflect upon the nature of this democracy and criticize it towards the goal of fleshing out the paths of social transformation possible and available for its realization – through the things it could not be. Adopting this coupling as a point of departure, I analyze the regression of consciousness in Adorno's thought, as the root of egoweakness – the destroyer of maturity and that which underpins every shackle he sees as subjugating the masses – and bring this into dialogue with the insights informed by Hannah Arendt, Leo Strauss, and action theory. To examine the practical implications of social transformation, this essay will also demonstrate how they play out in contemporary contexts, drawing parallels with evidence from contemporary social movements, on account of their conception as a means of social Social Thought & Research 54 transformation and of Adorno's own engagement with this


Volatile phenol in water was determined by Flow Injection Analysis (FIA)QuikChem 8500,with correlation coefficient of standard curve 0.99999 and detection limit 1.066μg/L. Results were accurate to determine two different standard samples. The correlation coefficient was 0.9995 by contrasting FIA with chemical method. FIA as a highly active,accurate and efficient method comparing with chemical methods in aspect of the agent species and dosage is adequate for determination of volatile phenol in clean water and wastewater.


Mesenchymal Hamartoma (MH) of the liver is the rare congenital lesion, solid, cystic, or mixed type. It is usually recognized in early childhood (before 3 years of age). Histologically, the MH is a benign lesion but undifferentiated sarcoma in mesenchymal hamartoma was described in several cases. Some features of MH can be potentially locally malignant. Quick enlargement of the tumor may be the cause of compression of the liver, can lead to respiratory insufficiency, ileus or abdominal compartment syndrome. Differential diagnosis is difficult, especially when tumor consist of mesenchymal stroma elements. Resection of the tumor is usually the treatment of choice, but not in all cases is possible (it depends on type, size and location of the tumor). Between 1986 and 2015 we treated 21 patients with MH of the liver. Surgical treatment included cystic drainage and obliteration, marsupialisation, tumor resection (enucleation, liver resection and total hepatectomy with liver transplantation). Diagnosis of MH was confirmed in all cases, coexisting infantile hemangioma was found in one child. All patients, except one are alive in good general condition. One patient died due to secondary biliary cirrhosis after extensive tumor resection. Surgical resection of the MH is often difficult due to irregular form of the tumor and no clear border between tumor and normal liver. Complications after resection are possible especially if tumor is located in segment IV. Nonresectional treatment is usually not effective.


Extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factors underpin the ability of bacteria to adapt to changing environmental conditions, a process that is particularly relevant in human pathogens that inhabit niches where human immune cells contribute to high levels of extracellular stress. Here, we have characterized the previously unstudied RpoE2 ECF sigma factor from the human respiratory pathogen H. influenzae (Hi) and its role in hypochlorite-induced stress. Exposure of H. influenzae to oxidative stress (HOCl, H2O2) increased rpoE2 gene expression, and the activity of RpoE2 was controlled by a cytoplasmic 67-aa anti-sigma factor, HrsE. RpoE2 regulated the expression of the periplasmic MsrAB peptide methionine sulfoxide reductase that, in H. influenzae, is required for HOCl resistance, thus linking RpoE2 to HOCl stress. Interestingly, a HiΔrpoE2 strain had wild-type levels of resistance to oxidative stress in vitro, but HiΔrpoE2 survival was reduced 26-fold in a mouse model of lung infection, demonstrating the relevance of this sigma factor for H. influenzae pathogenesis. The HiRpoE2 system has some similarity to the ECF sigma factors described in Streptomyces and Neisseria sp. that also control the expression of msr genes. However, HiRpoE2 regulation extended to genes encoding other periplasmic damage repair proteins, an operon containing a DoxX-like protein, and also included selected OxyR-controlled genes. Based on our results, we propose that the highly conserved HiRpoE2 sigma factor is a key regulator of H. influenzae responses to oxidative damage in the cell envelope region that controls a variety of target genes required for survival in the host.


A 180.17-m ice core was drilled at Aurora Peak in the central part of the Alaska Range, Alaska, in 2008 to allow reconstruction of centennial-scale climate change in the northern North Pacific. The 10-m-depth temperature in the borehole was -2 °C, which corresponded to annual mean air temperature at the drilling site. In this ice core, there were many melt-refrozen layers due to high temperature and/or strong insolation during summer seasons. We analyzed stable hydrogen isotopes ( δD) and chemical species in the ice core. The ice core age was determined by annual counts of δD and seasonal cycles of sodium ions, and we used reference horizons of tritium peaks in 1963 and 1964, major volcanic eruptions , and a large forest fire in 2004 as age controls. Here, we show that the chronology of the Aurora Peak ice core from 180 m to the top corresponds to the period from 1666 to the summer season of 2007, with a dating error of ±3 years. Our results suggest that temporal variations in δD and annual accumulation rates are strongly related to shifts in the Pacific Decadal Oscillation index (PDOI). The remarkable increase in annual precipitation since the 1970s has likely been the result of enhanced storm activity associated with shifts in the PDOI during winter in the Gulf of Alaska.


Temperate fruits (Apple, Pear, Plum, Peach and Almond etc.) are deciduous fruit trees that grow well in temperate climate zones where most commercial varieties fulfill their required chilling temperature. Recently though, because of the low average temperatures, these crops are found to be grown well in the highlands of Ethiopia. Amongst the areas that have greater significance in this aspect is North Shewa zone, Amhara region of Ethiopia. Accordingly, aiming to get acquainted with the distribution, incidence, and severity of temperate fruit diseases and insect pests, a systematic survey was carried out in seven districts of North Shewa (Menz Gera, Menz mama, Basonaworana, Angolela Tara, Tarmaber, Ankober and Hagere Mariam) for two consecutive seasons. As revealed by the assessment, temperate fruit trees are subjected to numerous pests. Apple trees were found to be infested with apple scab, powdery mildew, canker, apple aphid, woolly aphid, beetles, spider mite and sting bug, whereas, leaf rust was the main disease of plum and peach. In most locations, apple scab, powdery mildew leaf rust, apple aphid and beetles were very much recurring and most destructive, therefore considered as economically important pests of temperate fruits in the area. Moreover, except for few conspicuous inconsistencies, the seasonal and altitudinal variation in distribution and severity of these diseases and insect pests were comparable.


Object and purpose of research. The object under study is a 36 МW turbo-alternator (TA) with electromagnetic excitation and a high rotational speed of 6000 rpm, which can be used as an option for ac electric power source of 100 Hz in ship electric power systems with a turbo-alternator plant. The purpose is to perform electromagnetic calculations to determine TA main data and technical characteristics, including the stator and rotor pack, their design, mass of active materials, etc. for comparison with a TA of the same power but 3000 rpm. Materials and methods. The studies are based on research and engineering data about investigations and design of double-pole industrial TA of 50 Hz as well as TA with a high current frequency (100 Hz and higher). For this purpose, the known formulas were used to estimate the size of TA active elements, excitation forces of stator and rotor windings, as well as methods for calculation of main TA parameters and technical characteristics. Main results. Design specifics of TA with a high rotational speed of 6000 rpm is identified, and results of electromagnetic estimations are obtained for a specific 36 MW turbo-alternator of 100 Hz with a forced close cycle cooling and better mass and size characteristics. Conclusions. The obtained results are of practical value, showing feasibility of developing a version of 36.0 МW TA with a rotational speed of 6000 rpm and significantly reduced specific mass and size characteristics – tentatively by 35–40 % as compared to the existing TA of the same power but with a speed of 3000 rpm.


The invention discloses a clock frequency recognition method, and the method comprises the steps: taking an internal signal, generated by network equipment, as the reference after the network equipment receives an input signal, and obtaining the number of pulses of the input signal in a preset period of the internal signal; and carrying out the discrimination of a clock frequency type where the input signal belongs according to the obtained number of the pulses of the input signal. The invention also discloses a clock frequency recognition device. The method achieves the discrimination of the clock frequency type where the received input signal belongs. Compared with a mode of adding interfaces of a device for receiving different input signals to the network equipment or carrying out the corresponding modification of configuration in software according to different network equipment, the method reduces the cost of network equipment, and improves the discrimination accuracy of the input signal.


OBJECTIVE: To study the long-term toxicity of anticancer drug Chelidonium majus by continuous administration. METHODS:Wistar rats were treated with dosage of 12.6,8.4,5.6,3.7 mg/kg of the drug and negative control via i.p. for 6 days,then 8 days off treatment to complete one cycle. After 3 cycles 6 rats in the 12.6 mg/kg dose groups were dissected,8 rats in the 8.4 mg/kg dose group,and 12 rats each in the other dose groups were dissected. The remaining rats in each group were sacrificed four weeks after treatment. The general condition,body weight,feed intake,blood count,serum chemistry,autopsies and organ coefficient and histopathological examinations were recorded. RESULTS:After injection,12.6 and 8.4 mg/kg dose group developed peritoneal irritation immediately,weight loss and passive posture,slow growth reduced feeding and even death within one week. Rats in the 5.6,8.4 and 12.6 mg/kg dose groups showed significantly reduced erythrocyte,leukocyte count and abnormal differential,prolonged coagulation time,reduced glucose,increased alkaline phosphatase. Dosage over 5.6 mg/kg groups showed lung bleeding,bloody abdominal ascites,visceral adhesions and severe deformation;liver and spleen significantly enlarged,prostate and testicular size;testicular seminiferous epithelium cells and sperm significantly reduced and so on. CONCLUSION:Chelidonium majus,at dosage over 5.6 mg/kg,could cause significant local irritation and systemic toxicity and even death.


With the growth of urban rail transit construction and operation scales,it is necessary to strengthen and deepen the studies on urban rail transit enterprise economic sustainability model. From the theoretical and practical angles, this paper reviewed the exploration and practice process of urban rail transit enterprise economic sustainability model, including the connotation of "metro operation + property development" profit model, as well as further studies and prospect. It suggests TOD model can improve the economic sustainability capability of urban rail transit enterprise, and set up a self-virtuous development cycle in rail transit industry.


Rhenium disulfide (ReS2) has drawn much scientific interest as it possesses many distinctive features due to its unusual structure. However, the synthesis of large-area continuous ReS2 films with high crystalline quality is still a challenge to date. Here, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of the substrate-scale continuous ReS2 film with an atomic thickness and spatial uniformity, as well as its thickness-dependent optoelectronic properties, was reported. By using a space-confined CVD configuration, the ReS2 film on mica with the thickness varying from the monolayer to few layers can be accurately tuned via changing the position of the substrate. HRTEM and AFM images revealed that the grain size of the ReS2 film is on the scale of tens of nanometers. Field effect transistors based on the ReS2 thin film exhibited a high photoresponsivity of 278 mA/W under 405 nm illumination. A decrease in bandgap energy from 1.59 eV in the monolayer to 1.50 eV in bulk and the absorption coefficient as large as 105 × cm−1 in the visible range were found for the ReS2 thin film, suggesting great potential of using ReS2 as an absorber material for photovoltaic application.Rhenium disulfide (ReS2) has drawn much scientific interest as it possesses many distinctive features due to its unusual structure. However, the synthesis of large-area continuous ReS2 films with high crystalline quality is still a challenge to date. Here, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of the substrate-scale continuous ReS2 film with an atomic thickness and spatial uniformity, as well as its thickness-dependent optoelectronic properties, was reported. By using a space-confined CVD configuration, the ReS2 film on mica with the thickness varying from the monolayer to few layers can be accurately tuned via changing the position of the substrate. HRTEM and AFM images revealed that the grain size of the ReS2 film is on the scale of tens of nanometers. Field effect transistors based on the ReS2 thin film exhibited a high photoresponsivity of 278 mA/W under 405 nm illumination. A decrease in bandgap energy from 1.59 eV in the monolayer to 1.50 eV in bulk and the absorption coefficient as large as 105 × cm−1 in...


Dynamic wireless power transfer can solve the shorter cruising rangeproblem of electric vehicles. The synchronous rectification can improve the efficiency of wireless power transfer, but it costs more because it requires an expensive ac current sensor. A novel synchronous rectification method is proposed which only uses an inexpensive dc current sensor and does not measure ac current or voltage. This method continuously searches the synchronous state by the gradient descent method and the feedforward phase jump control. This method also compensates for the decreased received power caused by the deviation of the parameters. In the first part, it is explained by the equivalent circuit model that the proposed method can achieve synchronous rectification by maximizing the dc received current. Then, the effectiveness of the proposed method in terms of the efficiency and the received power is verified in the experiment by comparing it with the conventional diode rectification. The proposed method reduced the loss by 31.77% and achieved synchronous rectification four times faster.


A new technique to rapidly process fiber reinforced resins by 3-D photolithography was recently developed. Reinforcing fibers are added in situ to obtain parts with improved strength, stiffness, and toughness. An automated desktop photolithography unit (ADPU) was designed and built in-house, to add continuous E-glass fibers to the photoresin. The unique feature of this machine is its capability to dispense in situ continuous fibers in any desired direction. To demonstrate the advantages of this process, a case study was conducted, where a rectangular plate with a circular hole in the center was subjected to tensile loading. The parts were made with Somos 3100 resin as the matrix and continuous glass fibers as the reinforcement. The failure load of plates reinforced with a straightline fiber layout and a curvilinear fiber layout are compared. In the curvilinear format, the fibers were dispensed along the principal stress directions.


In Korean information retrieval, term mismatches between indexing terms and query terms are a serious obstacle to the enhancement of retrieval performace. Term matches are not produced because of a space usage of compound nouns and also various representations of a phrase. This paper presents an extended model of Korean information retrieval of alleviating these term mismatches between indexing terms and query terms. In this model, we segments compound nouns into unit nouns by using statistical information and a preference rule. And then we synthesize unit nouns or single nouns into synthesized compound nouns by adjacency constriants. Among all candidates of synthesized compound nouns, we lter out meaningless compound nouns by mutual information and the relative frequency of category pairs. Moreover, we perform similarity computation considering partial matching for compound nouns. The experimental results show that the proposed method can overcome the diierence between surface forms of terms.


Fully continuous hot finishing line, so called "Endless hot strip rolling process", has started in operation for the first time in the world at our works. In this process, sheet bars are joined at the entry side of the hot finishing mill and then rolled continuously. If a joint with a raised area is rolled, an overlap defect will occur in the initial stage of rolling. To prevent this problem, a method of removing the raised portion on joined sheet bars simultaneously using milling was developed This paper describes the main technologies which were developed in realizing the milling of high temperature steel surface over 900 °C. The following experimental results which used saw type cutter made by S55C are confirmed (1) Forming of chip adhesion on the cutting edge depend on the milling speed, and good milling achieved under the speed over 80 m/s. (2) Under the milling condition mentioned above, wearing progress speed of cutting edge is extremely slow and the milling of 6500 cycles achieved under milling length of 300 mm/cycle. (3) Under this specification of milling speed, the production plant has installed in 1995 and it is operating satisfactorily without trouble.


The invention discloses a method and a device for searching a motion vector in video coding. The method comprises the following steps: match calculating with searching windows data of current coding macro-block stored in an in-chip memory to obtain the motion vector of current coding macro-block; reading searching windows of next coding macro-block, which are not overlapping with the searching windows of current coding macro-block, from a out-chip memory, and storing in the storing position of the in-chip memory to obtain the searching windows of the next macro-block which is stored consecutively in rows; match calculating with the searching windows data of the next macro-block to obtain the motion vector of the next coding macro-block. The searching device comprises a processing unit for reading the searching windows of the next coding macro-block not overlapping with the searching windows of current coding macro-block, and storing in a high-speed storing unit. The invention fastens the efficiency of motion vector searching, and can be applied to design of video coding chip and embedded video coding software.


The fume from silver solder was examined. It contained very high percentage of cadmium (about 85%) in usual welding procedure, though original solder about 24%. The fume collected by Cascade Impactor was analysed chemically on each stage, and it was found that the cadmium content in the particles increased with the decrease of particle size. X-ray diffraction analysis of the fume showed that cadmium in the fume is the cadmium oxide. Therefore, it is assumed that workers exposed to the fume from silver solder inhale an enough amount of very small particles whose main compo-nent is cadmium oxide, and may suffer from acute cadmium poisoning.


What would the 18th centry pioneers think of today's technology? Read here an exclusive interview with one of the `forgotten men?


Carbon fibers are counted when they fall on high-voltage grid. An arc discharge vaporizes fiber and triggers timer. The equal-duration pulses from timer are integrated by operational amplifier, giving an output voltage that is proportional to the number of fibers incident after reset switch was opened. If two or more fibers arrive at grid simultaneously, they are vaporized one at a time; thus all of them are counted.


Despite advancements, treatment of metastatic breast cancer hinges on multifarious factors and numerous unanswered questions about therapy linger. Agents that are highly active in heavily pretreated patients are needed to optimize outcomes in patients with metastatic disease. This article reviews current and novel treatment options for metastatic breast cancer.


The present invention relates to a method cyclohexane cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol prepared mixture liquid phase oxidation of cyclohexane with an oxygen-containing liquid which uses gas as a raw material, mixing the liquid with the catalyst of cyclohexane was heated to the reaction temperature, through White main reaction zone and a reaction zone with an oxygen-containing gas stream and the oxidation reaction, the oxidized liquid mixture into the gas-liquid separator separating the second reaction zone the reaction, the exhaust gas discharged from the top condenser introduced into the process, the first a produced by the peroxide decomposition reaction zone and then rectifying means to obtain cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol mixture product, the process having improved selectivity of the target product, shortening the residence time of product in the primary oxidation reaction zone, to reduce the primary oxidation product is further oxidized, and the effect of improving the yield advantages of the target product.


The positive benefits of group singing for physical and mental health and perceived wellbeing in the general population are drawing increased attention from researchers (Stewart & Lonsdale 2016, Clift et al 2016). Investigations of the benefits of singing have revealed improvements in the immune system of people with cancer (Fancourt et al 2016) and benefits to quality of life and respiratory function in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (Bonilha et al 2009) and quadriplegia (Tamplin et al 2013). People with dementia, a growing international health issue, are vulnerable to respiratory difficulties and multiple medical conditions, adversely affecting their quality of life (Fu et al. 2004, van der Steen et al. 2004). This presentation reports on the outcomes of a study conducted in residential facilities of Aged Care Deloraine in NW Tasmania,researching the efficacy of methods to assess the impact of group singing to improve respiratory function and well-being for people with dementia, reducing the burden on care providers, and potentially decreasing care costs. Spirometry has been standard but clinicians and researchers have also employed Respiratory Inductance Plethysmography (RIP), and even party blowers (Higashijima and Shiozu 2015), to measure respiratory function of people with mild to moderate dementia An eight-week group singing program, integrating the use of kazoos, was devised and
administered in 2017 at Aged Care Deloraine by the music therapist in our team. We recruited
22 volunteer participants with mild to moderate cognitive impairment for the research study. At the commencement of the program, and again at its conclusion, our team conducted measures of respiratory function and well-being. We employed spirometry, Forced Oscillatory Technique (FOT) and Respiratory Inductance Plethysmography (RIP) as measures of respiratory function and used the kazoos to encourage controlled exhalation. We administered a quality of life survey with Australian norms for people with dementia (Euro-Qol-5 Dimension) to measure self perceptions of well-being. The presentation will report the comparative efficacy of respiratory testing methods used in the study, and discuss issues of compliance identified with this cohort. Novel measures we employed, such as the use of kazoos and a social setting for testing, are discussed and recommendations made regarding quality of life and respiratory function assessments for future singing-based interventions for people with dementia.


ABSTRACT Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) fields are a major component of our society, and student success in STEM can lead to important opportunities and future careers. STEM education programs are important components to get children and youths interested in STEM fields and to instill in them STEM concepts. This article describes two successful Ohio urban STEM programs, produced as collaborations between public libraries and higher education institutions. Cleveland's Mean Green Science Machine focused on middle and high school-aged children while The Ohio State University (OSU) Science Café in Columbus focused on preschool and elementary school-aged children for its summer sessions. Recommendations for best practices for creating children's programming using STEM is provided.


These specimens were collected in Uganda, Kibale Forest, by Dr. Matti Nummelin during the years 1983-85. The material was collected with sweep nets in the forest, all these specimens are labelled "Uganda, W. Pr., Kibale Forest, M. Nummelin leg.", and carry additionally on labels the information mentioned in connection with each species. The following species are reported as new for Uganda: Lema restricta Clavareau, Lema pauli Weise, Lema omukama sp.n. and Lema quadrifasciata Heinze. Sigrisma cylindrica (Klug)


We identify calcium‐permeable α‐amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐4‐isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors on human neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and present a physiological role in neurogenesis. RNA editing of the GluR2 subunit at the Q/R site is responsible for making most AMPA receptors impermeable to calcium. Because a single‐point mutation could eliminate the need for editing at the Q/R site and Q/R‐unedited GluR2 exists during embryogenesis, the Q/R‐unedited GluR2 subunit presumably has some important actions early in development. Using calcium imaging, we found that NPCs contain calcium‐permeable AMPA receptors, whereas NPCs differentiated to neurons and astrocytes express calcium‐impermeable AMPA receptors. We utilized reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction and BbvI digestion to demonstrate that NPCs contain Q/R‐unedited GluR2, and differentiated cells contain Q/R‐edited GluR2 subunits. This is consistent with the observation that the nuclear enzyme responsible for Q/R‐editing, adenosine deaminase (ADAR2), is increased during differentiation. Activation of calcium‐permeable AMPA receptors induces NPCs to differentiate to the neuronal lineage and increases dendritic arbor formation in NPCs differentiated to neurons. AMPA‐induced differentiation of NPCs to neurons is abrogated by overexpression of ADAR2 in NPCs. This elucidates the role of AMPA receptors as inductors of neurogenesis and provides a possible explanation for why the Q/R editing process exists.—Whitney, N. P., Peng, H., Erdmann, N. B., Tian, C., Monaghan, D. T., Zheng, J. C. Calcium‐permeable AMPA receptors containing Q/R‐unedited GluR2 direct human neural progenitor cell differentiation to neurons. FASEB J. 22, 2888‐2900 (2008)


The aim of the paper is to describe knowledge categories that can be used as basis for the design of a Web Based Knowledge Sharing Forum for End User Development. The objective of the Web Based For ...


The existence of the voids is detrimental for the structure performance of composites.The size,shape and distribution of voids in the [(±45°)/(0,90°)2/(±45°)]S carbon fiber reinforced composite laminates used for the aircraft were analyzed.Different void contents were acquired by applying a series of curing pressures.Ultrasonic C-scan and microscopic image analysis were used to study the morphology of voids in the fiber reinforced composite laminates.Quantitative characterization of voids in terms of void size and shape was carried out through image analysis software.The results show that voids are mainly distributed between the layers in [(±45°)/(0,90°)2/(±45°)]S laminates,which grow up along the direction parallel to plies.The void content increases,but the interlaminar shear strength(ILSS) as well as compress strength decreases with the decrease of curing pressure.


Interparental conflict is a risk factor for adolescent problematic internet use (PIU), but little research has investigated the processing mechanisms underlying this association. Based on the future time perspective theory, this study tested the idea that interparental conflict would be associated with adolescent PIU via restraining the protective effect of future positive time perspective (FPTP) and boosting the deleterious effect of future negative time perspective (FNTP). Moreover, drawing upon the ecological system theory, this study also investigated the interplay between interparental conflict and teacher-student relationship in relation to future time perspective and further to PIU. Using three-time longitudinal data, with each time point spanning three months apart, this study examined the aforesaid questions in 523 Chinese adolescents (276 boys, Mage = 14.64). Results of moderated mediation model found that after controlling for T1 PIU, T1 interparental conflict was associated with T3 PIU through T2 FNTP. Moreover, a stronger teacher-student relationship played a protective role for adolescents less exposed to interparental conflict. These findings provide nuanced explanation about how and for whom interparental conflict is associated with PIU in adolescents. The results also shed light on effective prevention and intervention strategies to mitigate adolescent PIU in the Chinese cultural context.


PVC bottle wall samples with different conditions of treatment, without air-blowing, with air-blowing and with air-blowing in contact with water were investigated. ESCA results of the PVC bottle wall indicated that the surface composition was almost the same in both air-blown and non-air-blown samples. In the case of air-blown samples filled with water, the ratio of O/C and CI/C rose considerably. The purpose of this study was to simulate transport vibrations and to develop a technique to evaluate the effects of vibration on migration. Solvent extraction of the water in contact with PVC bottles was made and subsequent gas chromatographic analysis facilitated the quantification of migrant 2-ethylhexanoic acid. The results confirm that migration is strongly induced by mechanical stresses. Copyright © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Abstract. Lindham. S. (Department of Paediatric Surgery, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden). Omphalocele and gastroschisis in Sweden 1965–1976. Acta Paediatr Scand, 70:55, 1981.–The present investigation supports the view that omphalocele and gastroschisis are two different congenital malformations. They differ not only anatomically but also regarding the incidence of concomitant malformations, sex ratio and maternal age. There has been a significant increase in the incidence of gastroschisis in Sweden during the period 1965–1976 but no corresponding increase in the incidence of omphalocele. The incidence of abdominal wall defects in stillborn is twenty times higher than in liveborn children.


ABSTRACT This paper interrogates the links between city-scale land titling, tenure security and housing investment, using a case study of the donor-funded Land Management and Administration Project (LMAP) in Cambodia's capital, Phnom Penh. It finds that LMAP activities centred on titling in planned residential areas with 'informal' tenure, despite residents exhibiting strong pre-titling tenure security and substantial housing investments. In contrast, 'informal' self-built settlements with high tenure insecurity and low levels of investment were excluded from project activities. Resultantly, the project did not increase tenure security and investment for the most vulnerable urban dwellers. The paper discusses the reasons for the project's shortcomings, revealing policy implications for city-scale titling projects, and speaking to wider academic debates on titling in urban areas.


The propagation of a streamer near an insulating surface under the influence of a transverse magnetic field is theoretically investigated. In the weak magnetic field limit it is shown that the trajectory of the streamer has a circular form with a radius much larger than the cyclotron radius of electron. The charge distribution within the streamer head is strongly polarized by the Lorentz force exerted perpendicular to the streamer velocity. A critical magnetic field for the branching of a streamer is estimated. Our results are in a good quantitative agreement with available experimental data.


Research into the thermal performance of an over cladding system applied to 1960 concrete housing blocks. The research was carried out for the Department of the Environment.


Seedling seed orchard (SSO) growing conditions are different to those in the forest. Trees grow in wide spacing with more access to sunlight and competition between trees is less intense causing larger annual rings and limited height growth. The objective of this research was to: 1) determine the density and mechanical properties of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) wood grown in an SSO and 2) suggest the most suitable use of this wood. Five trees (25-year-old) were selected using the Urich II method. Final samples (from the height of dbh) were cut from pith to bark, in the four cardinal directions. From all five trees, 159 samples were used to determine: 1) the wood density, 2) the compressive strength parallel to the grain, 3) the modulus of rupture, and 4) the strength quality coefficient. For each property the following mean values were obtained: 327 kg m-3, 32 MPa, 59 MPa and 0.10, respectively. The density did not depend on the dbh or mean width of annual ring. At the same time, the mechanical properties depended strongly on the wood density. In all cases, the wood property values of the Scots pine from the SSO were lower in comparison with those published for Scots pine grown in regular stand conditions. Therefore, pine wood from SSOs should be used in the paper industry.


The relative conformation of the aromatic rings and the amide bridge of diethylmethyl-2-[p-(o-propoxybenzamido)benzoyloxy]ethylammonium bromide has been established by a combined analysis of non-selective, single-selective and double-selective pulse experiments using, as a basis of comparison, the Dreiding molecular model of the compound.


Numerical models for simulation of saturated-unsaturated flow are increasingly being used in water resources evaluation and environmental management. Because of a superior mass balance, the modified Picard iteration method is widely used for solving saturatedunsaturated flow equation. However, the computational cost becomes considerably large when calculating multi-dimensional flow properties in wide region with finer grid resolution as it is necessary to make a large matrix calculation to get solution. To reduce this computational cost, in this study, we proposed a numerical method combining the iterative alternating direction implicit (IADI) method with the modified Picard iteration method for solving multi-dimensional saturated-unsaturated flow. There is no requirement to make a large matrix calculation in the process of the proposed method. Two and three dimensional slope simulations under rainfall conditions are conducted by the proposed method and the modified Picard iteration method. It is found that the proposed method is faster than the conventional modified Picard method while the difference of the simulation results is not significant. Further it is observed that the new method is more efficient for simulating large regions with finer resolution.