We formulate and estimate a structural complex-bidding auction model for the Colombian electricity market. We investigate whether the current dispatch mechanism for electricity generation in the Colombian market, a centralized unit commitment mechanism introduced by Resolution 51 (2009), led to a reduction in the aggregate cost of energy compared the a counterfactual of self unit commitment that prevailed before 2009. Our model accounts for the presence of complex bids, multi-plant firms, and the dynamic incentives of both hydro and thermal generators. Using a bootstrapping approach, we estimate the primitive parameters of the bidders' marginal cost function. These estimates are used to simulate a counterfactual experiment in which we evaluate the social gains of a centralized unit commitment dispatch by simulating the prices and outputs between August, 2011 and December, 2012, assuming that the market mechanism was the self unit commitment format without complex bids. Our findings show that, although the new dispatch mechanism is on average associated with higher bid markups, the total cost of the energy produced was substantially lower in the new mechanism. As a by product, we compare estimated marginal and opportunity costs from our model with engineering marginal costs, a standard methodology in the non-economic literature. We find that engineering costs substantially under estimate the marginal and opportunity costs of our structural model.


There can be few personnel techniques so lowly regarded as the recruitment interview. Yet we persevere with the use of the technique despite the overwhelming evidence of its deficiencies. The accountancy and auditing professions are as guilty as most in this regard, and suffer from rates of attrition and job turnover, which should be an embarrassment. But there are alternatives available, and this paper reports on the development of revolutionary techniques which might have a significant impact on recruitment to the accounting and auditing professions in the UK.


Severe corrosion to superheater tubes at high temperatures was gained virtually by gaseous corrosion media, such as HCl and SO2, in the municipal solid waste incineration flue gas. To clarify the effect of varying concentrations of HCl and SO2 in the oxidizing atmosphere on the corrosion of 12Cr1MoV, a commercial alloy used in superheaters, two series of corrosion tests under simulated flue gas were performed. Both the corrosion kinetics and corrosion morphology were measured in this work. The results of the present study demonstrated that the addition of HCl was more corrosive than that of SO2 under an oxidizing atmosphere. The increased HCl concentration had an accelerating effect on the corrosion rate, but the relation between the two was not linear. In contrast, SO2 exhibited a negligible or even inhibitory effect on corrosion. Both series of test results consistently proved that the temperature had a significant influence on the corrosion of 12Cr1MoV alloy, in particular at 580 °C.


In this paper we present a new approach to the derivation of real GDP from the production side. In contrast to Feenstra et al. (2009) we do not rely on international trade unit values to derive PPPs for exports and imports. Instead, we rely on the relationships between prices of goods that can be derived within an international input-output framework. In particular, we make use of the relationship between the output price of a good in an exporting economy, and the import price of the same good by the importing country. In this so-called international input-output (IIO) approach, we use international IO-tables in which imports and exports are broken down by trading partners such that bilateral flows of goods can be distinguished. We show that this new approach delivers estimates for real GDP that are closer to the estimates derived from the output side than those based on unit values.


In this paper, we study the performance of Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) codes and we introduce an optimized version of these codes when applied on the short data blocks of a narrowband (NB) power line communications (PLC) system. We compare their performance with the one obtained when the G3 standard coding scheme is applied on the system, namely the scheme that concatenated convolutional with Reed-Solomon codes. Multipath propagation together with two noise scenarios are considered: background AWGN noise with and without the presence of impulsive noise. The results indicate that under the considered channel and noise conditions the introduced optimized LDPC codes can operate better than the concatenated scheme used in the G3 standard. The optimized irregular LDPC codes are obtained from the well-established method of differential evolution for finding a degree distribution pair that improves the performance. The evaluation of each candidate code, is proposed to be carried out with a method that takes into account the actual channel and noise conditions. The equivalent optimized degree distribution pairs are presented.


Vegetative buffers in riparian areas, i.e. riparian buffers, are designed to reduce pollutant runoff from crop land to streams. Their impact on stream water quality depends on the extent that farm runoff passes through them in a filterable manner. We mapped field contributing areas and surface runoff pathways on four farms in southeastern Nebraska to estimate the proportion of surface runoff that passes through existing riparian buffers. Among these four farms 92, 61, 15, and 12% of the total area of crop land drains through riparian buffers. The remaining crop land either drains to streams through conveyance pathways, including grassed waterways, roadside drainageways, and subsurface pipes, or settles into low areas having no apparent outlet from the farm property. Modeled relationships indicate that the non-riparian buffer pathways are substantially less efficient at filtering pollutants from runoff than the riparian buffers. The results suggest that, on some farms, enhancements to vegetative filters in riparian areas will have limited potential to improve stream water quality because most field runoff bypasses them. To effectively reduce pollutant contributions to streams from these farms, practices are also needed that reduce runoff loads before they reach conveyance pathways. KEY TERMS: runoff pathways; contributing area; sediment; riparian buffers; surface hydrology.


A Thesis Submitted to Department of Chemistry Presented in Ful filment of the Requirements for
the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Analytical Chemistry)


This paper focuses on the study on the bust dart angle of 2D garment pattern based on the 3D women Scan body. Firstly, the 3D scattered point cloud data of young women's body can be got by SYMCAD. Secondly, the scan point cloud data build the 3D scanned body by IMGEWARE. Then, the different data are measured on the 3D scanned body by IMGEWARE, and analyzed by SPSS. Finally, the mathematical model of young women's bust dart angle can be got. It provides the theory of bust dart transfer, in the process of automation of garments design.


Local government of East Java Province have been giving subsidy program to rice trader in order to purchase farmer rice. It's aimed to increase farmer income and have been conducting since 2001 year. This research was aimed to evaluate the program base on input, process, outpit, outcome, benefit and impact indicators. (Penulis: Staf Pengajar Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang)


Specific sex-typed body movements and gestures were recorded in a group of 23 gender-disturbed boys, aged 7 to 17 years, using three standardized procedures- behavioral observation of nine expressive gestures during a 10-minute test period, ratings of sitting, standing and walking on the Barlow Gender-Specific Motor Behavior Form, and ratings of book-carrying behavior. The study found significantly higher frequencies of hand clasp, hyperextension, and limp wrist gestures in gender-disturbed boys as compared to a nonclinical control group. There were significant correlations between severity of gender disturbance and both the frequency of hyperextension gestures and the percentage of feminine motor behaviors recorded on the Barlow Gender-Specific Motor Behavior Form. However, sex-typed carrying behavior did not discriminate between normal and gender-disturbed boys.


This study represents an attempt to apply quantitative methods to the prediction of human events that generally have been regarded as highly uncertain, namely, decisions by the Supreme Court of the United States. The study is designed to demonstrate that, in at least one area of judicial review, it is possible to take some decided cases, to identify factual elements that influenced the decisions, to derive numerical values for these elements by using a formula, and then to predict correctly the decisions of the remaining cases in the area specified. The analysis will be made independently of what the Court said by way of reasoning in these cases; it will rely only on the factual elements which have been emphasized by the justices in their opinions and on their votes to affirm or set aside convictions. Changes in Court personnel made no decisive difference in the pattern of judicial action in this area; so the analysis will not need to take into account the fact that twenty-five different justices have occupied the nine seats on the Court during the period covered, i.e., the past quarter century.


We apply the localized collocation Meshless method (LCCM) to the solution of the problem of poro-elastic flow in a levee. In this approach the interaction between the water flow and soil is resolved in a time-accurate manner.


OZ: Sexual life belongs almost entirely to that "invisible part" of our existence—I'd say it constitutes our "third life," along with the daily, conscious one, and with the one we conduct in our dreams. So, what particularly tantalized me while working on the book was to examine precisely how that massive, dark, and power ful mainstream of history affects, quite surreptitiously, people's most unconscious behavior, words and gestures produced in bed ... (I think the first writer to have ever approached this problem with due attention was Milan Kundera, but his standpoint remains thorough ly "male," in the most patriarchal sense of the word.) And, since such was my initial "drive," there naturally came this deceptive and comic title, Field Work in Ukrainian Sex (in the book it is also the title of a paper the heroine imagines herself delivering at some international conference), the title which has misled so many crit ics, to the point that I was dubbed by some "a pornographic writer" (there were even cases reported where the parents of college kids demanded that the dean "exclude" the "dirty" book from the con temporary literature course, but the students revolted, and won). And then others meticulously counted up the "sexual scenes" in the text and discovered that there were, in fact, two of them, each no longer than a page and a half.


Exact solitary wave solution and periodic solutions expressed in terms of elliptic Jacobi's functions are obtained for the nonlinear Schrodinger equation governing the propagation of pulses in optical fibers including the effects of second, third and fourth order dispersion. The approach is based on the reduction of the generalized nonlinear Schrodinger equation (NLSE) to an ordinary nonlinear differential equation. The periodic solutions obtained form one-parameter family which depend on an integration constant $p$. The solitary wave solution with ${\rm sech}^2$ shape is the limiting case of this family with $p=0$. The solutions obtained describe also a train of soliton-like pulses with ${\rm sech}^2$ shape. It is shown that the bounded solutions of the NLSE arise only for integration constant $p\geq 0$.


Based on the modified Burgers model, a viscoelastic mechanical model, which could be employed to research permanent deformation of asphalt mixtures under repeated load, was deduced. Then triaxial repeated load permanent deformation test results of AC20 and SMA13 asphalt mixtures were regressed by the deduced viscoelastic model to obtain parameters of the model and to investigate the permanent deformation properties of the asphalt mixtures. Results indicate that the permanent deformation of asphalt mixtures under repeated load could be defined by three stagesu? transference, stabilization and breakage. Parameters of the deduced viscoelastic model decrease with the raise of temperature, but are independent of deviator stress levels. Both high temperature and high deviator stress are the pivotal factors leading to great permanent deformation of asphalt mixtures. Test results also show that the deduced model could accurately describe permanent deformation properties of asphalt mixtures under repeated load and could be used in permanent deformation calculation and analysis of asphalt mixtures under repeated load.


Myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) is diagnosed in the absence of anatomically significant stenoses (<50% of lumen diameter) on coronary angiography and characterized by heterogeneity of etiologic factors. Recently, the mechanisms of MINOCA as well as the performance of diagnostic algorithms and therapeutic strategies have been extensively studied. The purpose of this review is to reflect the current concepts regarding the etiology and pathogenesis of MINOCA, diagnostic work-up methods and individualized treatment approaches. The article covers contemporary epidemiologic data, demographic and clinical patients' characteristics and principal causes of MINOCA. We discuss aspects of disease definition and classification of related conditions involving troponin increase in the presence of normal coronary arteries. The importance of management strategy personalization for individual patients is stressed alongside stratification of risks of recurrent cardiovascular events. This review reflects key points from international consensus statements published by leading experts and suggests promising directions for future research.


The diabetic infecrion .is an entity encountered by countless health professionals on a daily basis and represents one of the most challenging, as well as costly, endeavors in medicine today.' As a disease that requires multidisciplinary involvement, we approach diabetes and its management with a cautious optimism, knowing the ramifications of neglecting this potentially debilitating condition. \With the help of primary care physicians, endocrinologists, infectious disease specialists, vascular tearns, and a variety of wound care modalities, the diabetic patient should be no stranger to the proverbial white coat. \7e are obligated to use the full spectrum of pharmacologic agents with this condition. The use of antibiotic impregnated beads in the management of the diabetic infection will be presented (Figures 1, 2). The use of "bone cement" has roots as early as the 1930s, during which acrylic technology was developed as a dental grout. This method relies on the synthesis of resins derived from acrylic acid, to which a monomeric Iiquid is added to create a dough-like material that is easily molded. Later this technology evolved into polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), which was commonly used in dental applications and cranioplasty during \Morld \Mar II. Initially developed in the 1950s by Sir John Charnley, PMMA was used for orthopedic fixation of femoral head prostheses to femoral shafts in the 1960s (Figures 3, 4).' Presently, a variery of commercially available PMMA based beads are manufactured in the US and worldwide. Preparation of antibiotic beads involves a kit containing individually packaged powder and liquid, which are typically sterilized with gamma irradiation and ultrafiltration. Smith and Nephewb Palacos R cement uses ethylene oxide gas for sterilization of these separate components.' Packaged powder contains PMMA as its primary constituent, whereas the liquid vial contains the monomer subunit, methylmethacrylate. The powder will generally contain an initiator of polymerization, benzoyl peroxide, and a radio opaque substance, or opacifier, either barium sulfate or zirconium dioxide. The properties of individual bone cement are determined by additional agents that prevent premature polymerization, protect against degradation during the sterilization process, or colorizing agents such as chlorophyll or methylene blue.' PMMA has undergone intense scrutiny in regard to its mechanical properties and for its potential adverse effects after implantation. Various studies have been conducted designed to test its static and dynamic material properties, both in situ and using cadaveric specimens via tensiometery readings. Static mechanical properties include compressive, tensile, and shear and involve placing a single, axially oriented load to a cylindrical plug of the material tested. Dynamic material properties are determined using frequent application of submaximal loads, which is


Rationale: Early detection of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations using telemonitoring of physiological variables might reduce the frequency of hospitalization. Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of home monitoring of lung mechanics by the forced oscillation technique and cardiac parameters in older patients with COPD and comorbidities. Methods: This multicenter, randomized clinical trial recruited 312 patients with Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease grades II to IV COPD (median age, 71 yr [interquartile range, 66‐76 yr]; 49.6% grade II, 50.4% grades III‐IV), with a history of exacerbation in the previous year and at least one nonpulmonary comorbidity. Patients were randomized to usual care (n = 158) or telemonitoring (n = 154) and followed for 9 months. All telemonitoring patients self‐assessed lung mechanics daily, and in a subgroup with congestive heart failure (n = 37) cardiac parameters were also monitored. An algorithm identified deterioration, triggering a telephone contact to determine appropriate interventions. Measurements and Main Results: Primary outcomes were time to first hospitalization (TTFH) and change in the EuroQoL EQ‐5D utility index score. Secondary outcomes included: rate of antibiotic/corticosteroid prescription; hospitalization; the COPD Assessment Tool, Patient Health Questionnaire‐9, and Minnesota Living with Heart Failure questionnaire scores; quality‐adjusted life years; and healthcare costs. Telemonitoring did not affect TTFH, EQ‐5D utility index score, antibiotic prescriptions, hospitalization rate, or questionnaire scores. In an exploratory analysis, telemedicine was associated with fewer repeat hospitalizations (−54%; P = 0.017). Conclusions: In older patients with COPD and comorbidities, remote monitoring of lung function by forced oscillation technique and cardiac parameters did not change TTFH and EQ‐5D. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT 01960907).


This paper proposes a numerical scheme based on the lattice Boltzmann method to tackle the classical problem of sound radiation directivity of pipes issuing subsonic mean flows. The investigation is focused on normal mode radiation, which allows the use of a two-dimensional lattice with an axisymmetric condition at the pipe's longitudinal axis. The numerical results are initially verified against an exact analytical solution for the sound radiation directivity of an unflanged pipe in the absence of a mean flow, which shows a very good agreement. Thereafter, the sound directivity results in the presence of a subsonic mean flow are compared with both analytical models and experimental data. The results are in good agreement, particularly for low values of the Helmholtz number ka. Moreover, the phenomenon known as 'zone of relative silence' was observed, even for mean flows associated with very low Mach numbers, though discrepancies were also observed in the comparison between the numerical results and the analytical predictions. A thorough discussion on the scheme implementation and numerical results is provided in the paper.


Mimicry in the field of science involves reproducing or copying a model, a reference. If we as dentists want to replace what has been lost, we need to agree on what is the correct reference. The accepted frame of reference must be the same for the entire profession, and it should be timeless and unchanging success. Age, disease and traditional restorations can cause further problems to the existing tooth structure. As teeth do not have natural method of repair, Biomimetic principles should be used to artificially repair the tooth to its natural functions and aesthetics. Biomimetics is an emerging inter disciplinary field that combines information from the study of biological structures and their function with Physics Mathematics Chemistry and Engineering in the development of principles that are important for the generation of novel synthetic materials and organs. Biomimetic Dentistry is based on the philosophy that the intact tooth in its ideal hues and shades and, more importantly, its intracoronal anatomy, mechanics and location in the arch, is the guide to reconstruction and the determinant. In Biomimetic Dentistry there are two aspects .One, the lost or missing dental tissue is restored, leading to the full return of function and aesthetics to the tooth or the material used can regenerate, replicate or mimic the missing dental tissue. This review will attempt to provide a better understanding of the relative position of the Biomimetic materials in the context of the past and present Dental materials.


Microchannel heat exchangers present many advantages, such as reduced size, high thermal efficiency and low fluid inventory; and are increasingly being used for heat transfer in a wide variety of a ...


Simple Summary We investigated the genes DIRAS-1 and DIRAS-2 in terms of their regulation and functional relevance in brain tumors (gliomas). We found that in a majority of patients the expression of both genes is strongly downregulated on the mRNA level when comparing tumors with healthy brain tissue. We could show that epigenetic mechanisms account for this downregulation. Both promoter methylation and histone modifications are accountable. We performed experiments in tumor tissues (direct bisulfite sequencing and chromatin-immunoprecipitation) and we treated glioblastoma cell lines in a way to overcome epigenetic inactivation of both genes. When genes were re-expressed, the tumor cells turned out more sensitive to alkylating chemotherapeutic agents such as Lomustin. Changes in intracellular pathways related to p53-mediated DNA damage response may explain for this observation. Abstract We previously reported that DIRAS-3 is frequently inactivated in oligodendrogliomas due to promoter hypermethylation and loss of the chromosomal arm 1p. DIRAS-3 inactivation was associated with better overall survival. Consequently, we now investigated regulation and function of its family members DIRAS-1 and DIRAS-2. We found that DIRAS-1 was strongly downregulated in 65% and DIRAS-2 in 100% of analyzed glioma samples compared to non-neoplastic brain tissue (NNB). Moreover, a significant down-regulation of DIRAS-1 and -2 was detected in glioma data obtained from the TCGA database. Mutational analyses did not reveal any inactivating mutations in the DIRAS-1 and -2 coding regions. Analysis of the DIRAS-1 and -2 promoter methylation status showed significantly higher methylation in IDH-mutant astrocytic and IDH-mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted oligodendroglial tumors compared to NNB. Treatment of U251MG and Hs683 glioblastoma cells lines with 5-azacytidine led to significant re-expression of DIRAS-1 and -2. For IDH-wild-type primary gliomas, however, we did not observe significantly elevated DIRAS-1 and -2 promoter methylation levels, but still detected strong downregulation of both DIRAS family members. Additional analyses revealed that DIRAS-1 and -2 expression was also regulated by histone modifications. We observed a shift towards promoter heterochromatinization for DIRAS-1 and less promoter euchromatinization for DIRAS-2 in IDH-wild-type glioblastomas compared to controls. Treatment of the two glioblastoma cell lines with a histone deacetylase inhibitor led to significant re-expression of DIRAS-1 and -2. Functionally, overexpression of DIRAS-1 and -2 in glioblastoma cells translated into significantly higher sensitivity to lomustine treatment. Analyses of DNA damage markers revealed that DIRAS-1 and -2 may play a role in p53-dependent response to alkylating chemotherapy.


An evolutionary optimization method for patch antenna designs is presented in this paper. The modified particle swarm optimization (MPSO) based on fitness distance ratio (FDR) is combined with standard software IE3D to achieve the optimum antenna satisfying a certain design criterion. The antenna geometric parameters are extracted and optimized by a MPSO program, and simulated by IE3D. The fitness function of the optimization is calculated by the MPSO program according to the simulation results extracted from IE3D to represent the performance of each candidate design. A microstrip line fed low-profile E-shaped patch antenna is designed and optimized using the MPSO/IE3D method. The designed patch antenna is simulated, fabricated, and measured to validate the effectiveness of the MPSO/IE3D method.


ABSTRACT

 Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a chronic and degenerative disease of the retina that leads to irreversible blindness. There is no proven effective treatment for early AMD and advanced AMD. Mediterranean diet (MD) has been linked to reducing the risk or delaying the progression of AMD. Therefore, in this study, we aim to investigate the potential of MD as a modifiable risk factor for AMD.

 A systematic search was performed in three databases: PubMed, EBSCO host, and Proquest. We search for studies that determine the association of MD in AMD. Then, we pooled the data for meta-analysis.

 Eight studies were included in our systematic review. Seven studies were included for meta-analysis. Subjects with medium–high (hazard ratio [HR] 0.82; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.75–0.90) adherence to the MD showed a reduced risk of developing AMD. Moreover, medium adherence AMD shows a significant and inverse relationship with the progression to advanced AMD (HR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.81–0.93). Although it is still inconsistent, the reduction appears stronger for geographic atrophy than for neovascular AMD.

 Adhering to the MD, particularly at a medium to high level, appears to confer a protective effect against AMD. The sub-analysis demonstrates even that there is a protective effect associated with moderate adherence against advanced AMD. The presence of considerable heterogeneity within the results warrants cautious interpretation. Further research is needed to enhance our understanding.


The paper offers an approach to definition of a limit tolerance state of railway equipment based on the criterion that exploitation of an object on the basis of risk evaluation is unacceptable. Criteria of limit tolerance states shall be specified in specifications for railway equipment.


The invention relates to a machine for multistage machining and / or processing of arc-shaped substrates with at least a running in the manner of a Bedruckstufe first processing stage, which is designed to operate as a Bedruckstufe first type for a rotary stencil printing method, wherein the arc-shaped material to be printed on a Bedruckstoffweg by the machine between a Bedruckstoffvorlage and a display by operating according to the rotary stencil printing method Bedruckstufe therethrough is feasible and inline printable, and wherein in Bedruckstoffweg one, is provided for at least in nature and / or type of the first processing step, various further processing stage. It is provided as a further processing step in a Bedruckstoffweg Bedruckstufe further, operating according to a different to Durchdruck- and an offset printing process method type and / or which differ in the type of processing of Bedruckstufen, be cleaned, the substrate surface in the operating conditioning stage.


A169 Everolimus Spontaneously Decline Anti-ABO Blood Type Antibody Titer Prior to Plasmapheresis in Desensitization for ABO Incompatible Kidney Transplantation. H. Harada, N. Fukuzawa, T. Maehana, H. Tanaka, T. Seki. Kidney Transplant Surgery, Sapporo City General Hospital, Sapporo, Japan. INTRODUCTION: The standard desensitization protocol comprising calcineurin inhibitor (CNI), mycophenolate mofetile (MMF), corticosteroid (CS) and rituximab (RIT) with some sessions of plasmapheresis (PP) have been used in ABO incompatible kidney transplantation (ABOiKTX). However, the effect of CS against B-1a cells producing anti-ABO blood type antibody is skeptical. Conversely, mTOR inhibitor everolimus (EVR) can suppress the cell proliferation (Ide and Ohdan et al. Hiroshima University). In order to ensure ABOiKTX, we have recently used EVR together with CNI and MMF instead of CS and discuss the outcome. METHODS: Sixty consecutive patients suffering from end-stage kidney disease who attempted ABOiKTX from live donor without donor specifi c anti-HLA antibody were surveyed. They were divided into two groups according to the immunosuppression protocol (IS) , such as Control Group; CNI/MMF/CS/RIT/PP, EVR Group; CNI/ MMF/EVR/RIT/PP. EVR were initiated with a 1.5mg/day of loading dose and adjusted aiming the target range (3-6ng/ml) . The duration of desensitization of oral immunosuppression were depend on anti-ABO IgG of IgM titer, such as from D-28 for 128x or higher, from D-14 for 64x, from D-7 for 32x or lower. Patients except for initial titer less than 8x received 2 to 4 sessions of PP just before ABOiKTx. We compared the change of strength of anti-ABO IgG titer between initial and just prior to PP and the outcome of ABOiKTx. RESULTS: The patients' characteristics were comparable except for the duration of dialysis and follow-up period. The strength of initial anti-ABO IgG titer was also comparable. Interestingly, the spontaneous decreases of anti-ABO IgG titer prior to PP were frequently seen in EVR Group than Control Group (p=0.0209). Decline Stable/Elevation Control (n=45) 5 40


. The ring reconfigurable user connection has several nodes (12), in which each node is associated with one of the sites (13), in which the site has at least one user unit. The sites are connected by a fibre optic ring (18,20), passing successively by the nodes, with a predetermined information progression direction. . Each site has a transmitter and receiver (EN,ES,RN,RS) set to a given wavelength, with each node having optical insertion and extraction (IN,IS,XN,XS) mechanisms to connect the site to the ring network, or to optically isolate the site. A controller sets up temporary optical connections between two users at two sites.


Multiresolution representation of images using the wavelet transform is a new approach for the analysis of image information content. The transform can be computed efficiently by a pyramidal algorithm based on convolution with quadrature mirror filters. The result is a set of subband images which consists of a lower resolution version of the original image and a sequence of detail images containing higher frequency spectral information. We used this representation for the supervised segmentation of polarimetric SAR images of the San Francisco Bay area acquired by the airborne JPL system for identifying various terrain covers. Since the wavelet transform generates the localized spatial and spectral information simultaneously, detailed knowledge of the texture variations within an image can be extracted from the data in the spectral subbands. The segmentation algorithm developed in this paper is formulated by taking into consideration both the intensity and the texture information. For polarimetric SAR images, the classification accuracy can be enhanced, if the combined data from copolarized and cross‐polarized images are used in the discrimination process. In contrast to other texture segmentation approaches, this algorithm does not require extensive calculations.©1993 John Wiley & Sons Inc


Jigsaw learning strategy is considered effective in enhancing students' learning outcomes. Yet, it is problematic for a science classroom that contains educational challenges. The aim of this study was to investigate the implementation of the jigsaw learning in science classes in Indonesian classrooms. This included the feasibility of the jigsaw strategy, the challenges that interfered with the implementations, and the necessary approach to fit the strategy with the challenges. A qualitative case study was used. Three chemistry classes (each consisted of 35 grade 11 students) and a chemistry teacher were involved in this study. Data were collected from classroom observations and interviews. The findings showed that jigsaw learning was not fully feasible as it could not be completely implemented in the participating classes. Unsupportive educational settings such as time limitation, large population, the ill-sized classroom, teacher's lack of participation and the complexity of the jigsaw structure had influenced the lack of success of the implementations. Rather than seeking help from educational supports that normally involves a financial-concern educational policy, this study recommends adjusting the jigsaw structure to increase its feasibility in such learning condition.


This research aims to decrease the level of COD, BOD5, and color in the liquid waste of the gelatin industry by using the ozonation process and hydrogen peroxide in order to meet the quality standards of the seaweed industrial waste. The reaction between ozone and peroxide called the peroxone process is one of the Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs). The combination of ozone with peroxide can result in a cheaper process. The result shows the lowest COD at the time of ozonation 160 minutes with the addition of hydrogen peroxide 30 ml was 932.39 mg/L (37.03%), the lowest BOD5 at ozonation 160 minutes with the addition of 25 ml hydrogen peroxide was 164.32 mg/L (48%) and the lowest color at 80 minutes of ozonation with the addition of 10 ml of hydrogen peroxide is 158 (73.75%). In the AOPs, the decrease in COD and BOD5 was higher than that of ozonation without hydrogen peroxide..


This is one of a series of papers arising in part out of the SHARE (Supporting and structuring Healthgrid Activities and Research in Europe) project; in previous work, we have examined the use of integrated care pathways (ICPs), a fine-grained form of medical guideline including the explicit recording of any deviation, or 'variance', for research purposes. In particular, we explored how feeding the results of the analysis of variance into the development of a pathway might be an effective way of capturing 'evidence from practice'.
Building on this concept, in our principal case study we propose an information system for extracting data from ICPs using ontologies and a method for inferring ICPs from other patient records, combining these with data collected for retrospective and prospective studies in preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) and screening (PGS) for assisted reproduction. We also look at the problem of selecting alternatives when drug interactions occur when multiple pathways are used in parallel.


Abstract: This research is descriptive correlational with a simple paradigm research design that aims to find out the correlation between study habits and student learning outcomes. The sample of this study is a saturated sample that is entirely from the population of class XI IPA SMA Negeri 1 Tinambung amounting to 85 students, saturated sample intends to make generalizations with very small errors. Measured study habits include 7 indicators, namely regular Biology learning, preparation for learning in the night, came early to attend the class, conditions / learning atmosphere, learning to understand and to the point, habit of facing exams and practice of visiting the library. The study data of study habits were obtained through a questionnaire and the learning outcomes were obtained from secondary data on the student achievement of the even semester of the 2018/2019 school year which were then processed by Product Moment correlation analysis (r) and the coefficient of determination. The results showed that (1) Study habits of students grade XI IPA SMA Negeri 1 Tinambung is at a good category with an average of 71.98. (2) Biology achievement of student grade XI IPA SMA Negeri 1 Tinambung is found out in high category with an average of 76.12. (3) There is a relationship between the study habits and biology achievement of eleventh grade students at senior high school 1 Tinambung. The correlation level obtained is 11.5% and classified as weak or low correlation. Keywords: student habits, student achievements.


The report describes tanker ballasting practices and the possibilities for lower ballast operation. Current incentives investigated include the IMCO segregated ballast level construction requirement, the present high cost of fuel and better maneuverability. The constraints limiting light operation are also discussed.


PURPOSE: A 3D camera system and a convergence angle control method are provided to perform a convergence angle correction process with a line movement method, thereby reducing the amount of calculation. CONSTITUTION: An image compensation unit(120) compensates a binocular image. A filter unit(130) detects a reference line of a left-eye image. A line memory unit(140) stores data for the detected reference line and a reference line of a right-eye image corresponding to the reference line. A convergence angle control unit(150) calculates image control amount which corresponds to a convergence angle of the binocular image through comparison calculation of the reference line data. The convergence angle control unit generates an optimized synthesis image of the binocular image by applying the image control amount. [Reference numerals] (111) Left camera; (112) Right camera; (120,152) Image compensation unit; (132) Detection unit; (140) Line memory unit; (151) Convergence angle calculating unit; (160) Display unit


This paper outlines some initial thoughts and findings in the literature at the beginning of a doctoral study into the use of technology in music classrooms. In this study I intend to examine the use of technology in four different schools in New Zealand with a particular focus on student and teacher perceptions of the use of technology and any possible implications these may have for music teacher education. Whilst this is not a full literature review, this paper discusses some findings in the relevant literature from the UK, Europe and North America with a specific focus on articles related directly to the use of technology in music education.


Australian Tasmanian Aboriginal building typologies challenge preconceived notions of what constitutes an interior. This challenge is due to the range of interior–types that are represented by Tasmanian Aboriginal buildings, ranging from windbreaks to full dome buildings. These building typologies require a rethinking of interiors to take place. This article provides an introduction to Tasmanian Aboriginal, or palawa, buildings and their associated interior spaces. The notion of interior is discussed through a framework of interiority. This is presented as a means to engage with the condition of interior–"ness," which may exist beyond the enclosed or internal space demarcated by a building. This expansion of the definition of interior allows for a broader spectrum of interior expressions to be explored. In addition to the paper's purpose to expand conceptions of interior space, how these conceptions of interior space are perpetuated is also explored. This is revealed through a discussion of how palawa buildings are represented in the historic literature from which knowledge of these buildings is derived. Language is explored as a means through which recorded observations of buildings have acted as critiques, operating referentially to the culture of the observer.


Given a set of serial numbers, they can be indexed by adding a few redundant digits, calculated according to certain rules. If X is the original serial number, then the number X* obtained after addition of the redundant digits is called the index of X. The purpose of adding the redundant digits is to enable us either to detect, or to both detect and correct the more common errors which are liable to be made in reporting X*. The most common errors are (i) wrongly reporting a single digit (error of type I) (ii) reversal of two adjacent digits (error of type II). In this paper we describe two indexing systems. In the first system X is a six digit number, the digits being Each X is indexed by adding no more than one redundant digit. Errors of type I and II in reporting X* can be detected. In the second system we consider an octal numerical system based on the 8 digits 0,1, • • • , 7. We take X to be a seven digit serial number. It is indexed by adding three suitably chosen redundant digits. Errors of type I and II in reporting X* can be correc~ea.


We report results from a series of three-dimensional (3D) rotational core-collapse simulations for $11.2$ and 27 $M_{/odot}$ stars employing neutrino transport scheme by the isotropic diffusion source approximation. By changing the initial strength of rotation systematically, we find a rotation-assisted explosion for the 27$M_{/odot}$ progenitor, which fails in the absence of rotation. The unique feature was not captured in previous two-dimensional (2D) self-consistent rotating models because the growing non-axisymmetric instabilities play a key role. In the rapidly rotating case, strong spiral flows generated by the so-called low $T/|W|$ instability enhance the energy transport from the proto-neutron star (PNS) to the gain region, which makes the shock expansion more energetic. The explosion occurs more strongly in the direction perpendicular to the rotational axis, which is different from previous 2D predictions.


The Discrete Element Method (DEM) was applied for human evacuation modeling in this study. The computational domain consisted of a room without any obstacles and a single exit and the evacuation of 100 subjects from the room was simulated. The typical phenomenon of jamming that is typical of such systems was reproduced computationally with such an approach. The evacuation process was observed to consist of the formation of a human cluster around the exit of the room followed by departure of subjects one at a time that created a significant bottleneck for the entire process.


26 Background: Window of implantation (WOI) displacement was known as one of endometrial 27 origin leading to embryo implantation failure, especially for repeated implantation failure (RIF). A 28 accurately prediction tool of endometrial receptivity (ER) is extraordinary needed to precisely 29 guide the successful embryo implantation. We aimed to establish an RNA-seq based endometrial 30 receptivity test tool (rsERT) using transcriptomic biomarkers, and to evaluate the benefit of 31 personalized embryo transfer (pET) guided by this tool in patients with repeated implantation 32 failure (RIF). 33 Methods: Two-phase strategy including tool establishment with retrospective data and benefit 34 evaluation with prospective, nonrandomized controlled trial. In the first phase, the rsERT was 35 established by sequencing and analyzing the RNA of endometrial tissues from 50 infertile patients 36 with normal window of implantation (WOI) timing. In the second phase, 142 patients with RIF 37 were recruited and grouped by patient self-selection (experimental group, n=56; control group, 38 n=86). pET guided by rsERT in the experimental group, and conventional ET in the control group. 39 Results: The rsERT, comprising 175 biomarker genes, showed an average accuracy of 98.4% by 40 using 10-fold cross-validation. IPR of experimental group (50.0%) was significantly improved 41 compared to that (23.7%) of control group (RR, 2.107; 95% CI, 1.159 to 3.830; P = 0.017) when 42 transferring day 3 embryos. Although not statistically different, IPR of experimental group (63.6%) 43 was still 20 percentage points higher than that (40.7%) of control group (RR, 1.562; 95% CI, 0.898 44 to 2.718; P = 0.111) when transferring blastocyst. Regression analysis can precisely predict the 45 optimal WOI time by using all samples as training dataset (R 2 = 0.92). 46 Conclusions: The rsERT was developed to accurately predict WOI period and significantly improve 47 pregnancy outcomes of patients with RIF, indicating the clinical potential of rsERT-guided pET. Optimization of the model made it possible to predict the optimal WOI by one-point sampling. follicle-stimulating hormone; gonadotropin.


The purpose of this study was to explore the living conditions of school children from broken homes in the Ga East Municipality and to assess its impact on their academic performance. This study was intended to examine the coping strategies of the children in handling their traumas of divorce. The descriptive survey design was adopted in this study. The purposive and snowball sampling techniques were used to select 60 children from schools and in various communities in the municipality to take part in the study. Questionnaires were used to collect primary data from these respondents. The study found that the living conditions of majority of the respondents were not good after the divorce of their parents. It also came to light that the academic performance of most of the respondents was either very good or good before the divorce but after the divorce, most of the respondents had poor or very poor academic performance. It was observed that most of the respondents coped with the challenges of the divorce by spending more time with friends at school Original Research Article Adu-Okoree et al.; JESBS, 33(7): 15-26, 2020; Article no.JESBS.58284 16 or with their relatives. From the present study, it could be concluded that when children are not given a conducive environment at home to have enough time to study due to parental divorce, it can impact negatively on their academic performance.


Advances in the elucidation of the etiopathogenesis of myasthenia gravis have come rapidly in the past half decade. The advent of therapeutic plasmapheresis stands out as a practical, clinical outgrowth of this enhanced understanding of the immunobiology of myasthenia. This new therapeutic modality and the immunologic studies leading to its inception have captured the fancy of both clinicians and investigators, so it is appropriate that knowledge of the state of the art be made available to as wide an audience as possible. That task has been effectively accomplished in this volume, which contains a series of papers presented at an international symposium on plasmapharesis and the immunobiology of myasthenia held in San Francisco, June 1978. The book is divided into five parts, the first of which consists of ten papers dealing with the immunobiology of the acetylcholine receptor. Part 2 deals with thymectomy and thoracic duct drainage, their indications and


Interior Design education needs to evolve to keep up with continuous global change. The design world is going through a major transition, brought about by shifts in the world; electronic communication, deregulation, global economics, and environmental crisis. These changes affect the function and requirements of building interiors, highlighting the need for flexibility.

Due to these continual changes, the need for developing lifelong learning skills in education are paramount in order to lead, or at least to survive, a demanding and continually changing marketplace. Response to these changes must occur within education and the profession. This paper discusses some possible changes.


Modern text-to-speech (TTS) models are typically subjectively evaluated using an Absolute Category Rating (ACR) method. This method uses the mean opinion score to rate each model under test. However, if the models are perceptually too similar, assigning absolute ratings to stimuli might be difficult and prone to subjective preference errors. Pairwise comparison tests offer relative comparison and capture some of the subtle differences between the stimuli better. However, pairwise comparisons take more time as the number of tests increases exponentially with the number of models. Alternatively, a ranking-by-elimination (RBE) test can assess multiple models with similar benefits as pairwise comparisons for subtle differences across models without the time penalty. We compared the ACR and RBE tests for TTS evaluation in a controlled experiment. We found that the obtained results were statistically similar even in the presence of perceptually close TTS models.


The inclusion of higher deformation gradients raises many questions. One expects the parallel existence of higher order stress tensors, for which the balances and boundary conditions have to be generalized. This generalization, however, is by no means trivial nor unique. In the present paper, these concepts are derived by posing invariance requirements upon a general principle of virtual power, as a linear and continuous extension of the balance of work. By such a procedure, a catalogue of different, but essentially equivalent load systems and balances can be obtained, which can be further particularised for specific materials.


The flounder (Platichthys fesus) is a benthic teleost inhabiting coastal and brackish waters throughout Western Europe. This animal successfully faces extremes of temperature unknown to many other aquatic species, on both diurnal and annual bases (Watters & Smith, 1973). Little study has been made of this animal as it is of less economic importance than its relative, the plaice. It was decided to study thermal stress effects upon the gut of the flounder because flounder ileum has received some attention previously (Barrat, 1980; Lodge, 1981). Animals were killed by a blow to the head and sections of ileum were removed, placed in saline in jacketed organ baths and maintained at 10 'C. Mechanical activity was noted using established methods (Lodge, 1981). Sections of ileum were seen to be spontaneously rhythmically active at an ambient temperature of 10 'C. (This was the temperature at which animals were kept prior to experimentation.) When temperatures were raised, rate of contraction increased while amplitude declined. However at 20-3 + 0-23 'C (mean+ S.E.M., n = 40) a sudden anomalous series of strong contractions accompanied by increasing basal tonus was seen in all preparations. It was found that none of the atropine, curare, theophylline or hexamethonium chloride were able to abolish this anomalous increase in activity. When the divalent cation, Manganese (5 mM), or the calcium channel antagonist, Diltiazem (10 gM), were added the anomalous contractions were no longer seen in response to rising temperatures. Similarly no anomalous contractions were seen in response to rising temperatures when tissues were bathed in nominally calcium free salines. The temperature anomaly was also noted in sections of ileum taken from fish acclimated to 20 'C for 4 weeks prior to experimentation. However the temperature at which the anomaly was seen was 28-44 + 0-22 'C (mean+S.E.M., n = 19). These data suggest that the anomalous contractions seen in flounder ileum subjected to raised temperatures may be attributed to a temperature induced increase in calcium channel activity. Additionally this activity still occurs but is modulated in flounder ileum from fish adapted to living at 20 'C.


This study was conducted for the purpose of examinating the safety and economical efficiency of large high tension bolted joints. The specimen using F10T-M30 large high strength bolts has been selected and static tensile test has been conducted to evaluate the slip characteristics. In addition, finite element analysis has been carried out to estimate the number of required bolts. As a result, the average slip coefficient of M30 high strength bolts exceeded 0.4 - the standard in highway bridge design specification - and has satisfied the slip strength, which is the same as that of M22 high strength bolts. In addition, if F13T-M22 high strength bolts were applied, the number of required bolts decreased by 21%, and if F10T-M30 high strength bolts were applied, the number of required bolts decreased by 46%, that leads to the conclusion that the economical efficiency in accordance with diametering of high strength bolts was now verified.


The X-33 Advantage Technology Demonstrator offers a rare and exciting opportunity in Thermal Protection System development. The experimental program incorporates the latest design innovation in re-useable, low life cycle cost, and highly dependable Thermal Protection materials and constructions into both ground based and flight test vehicle validations. The unique attributes of the X-33 demonstrator for design application validation for the full scale Reusable Launch Vehicle, (RLV), are represented by both the configuration of the stand-off aeroshell, and the extreme exposures of sub-orbital hypersonic re-entry simulation. There are several challenges of producing a sub-orbital prototype demonstrator of Single Stage to Orbit/Reusable Launch Vehicle (SSTO/RLV) operations. An aggressive schedule with budgetary constraints precludes the opportunity for an extensive verification and qualification program of vehicle flight hardware. However, taking advantage of off the shelf components with proven technologies reduces some of the requirements for additional testing. The effects of scale on thermal heating rates must also be taken into account during trajectory design and analysis. Described in this document are the unique Thermal Protection System (TPS) design opportunities that are available with the lifting body configuration of the X-33. The two principal objectives for the TPS are to shield the primary airframe structure from excessive thermal loads and to provide an aerodynamic mold line surface. With the relatively benign aeroheating capability of the lifting body, an integrated stand-off aeroshell design with minimal weight and reduced procurement and operational costs is allowed. This paper summarizes the design objectives of the X-33 TPS, the flight test requirements driven configuration, and design benefits. Comparisons are made of the X-33 flight profiles and Space Shuttle Orbiter, and lifting body Reusable Launch Vehicle aerothermal environments. The X-33 TPS is based on a design to cost configuration concept. Only RLV critical technologies are verified to conform to cost and schedule restrictions. The one-off prototype vehicle configuration has evolved to minimize the tooling costs by reducing the number of unique components. Low cost approaches such as a composite/blanket leeward aeroshell and the use of Shuttle technology are implemented where applicable. The success of the X-33 will overcome the ballistic re-entry TPS mindset. The X-33 TPS is tailored to an aircraft type mission while maintaining sufficient operational margins. The flight test program for the X-33 will demonstrate that TPS for the RLV is not simply a surface insulation but rather an integrated aeroshell system.


"Omics" are usually based on the use of high‐throughput analysis methods for global analysis of biological samples and the discovery of biomarkers, and may provide new insights into biological phenomena. Over the last few years, the development of omics technologies has considerably accelerated the pace of dermatological research.


The control of strip temperature on a hot strip mill runout table is paramount in obtaining the required mechanical properties. It is predicted that the accuracy of the model within the runout table cooling control system will need to be improved for future cooling requirements associated with proposed new grades of steel. This paper describes an investigation into the possibility of using an artificial neural network (ANN) approach as a means of improving the accuracy of the control model. Results using ANNs show that this route could provide a solution to the problem.


In order to simplify the calibration of mass spectra, a mass marker has been designed for the AEI mass spectrometer MS2H which, with slight modifications, can be applied to any other magnetically scanned spectrometer. During the scanning of the spectrometer, the apparatus operates the marker pen of the recorder so that calibration markings are registered during recording of the spectrum. The marker is based on accurate determination of the current through the deflection magnet which is used for the magnetic scanning in the spectrometer. The influence of the hysteresis effect is eliminated by automatic programming of the magnet current before each measurement. When the marker is used with an AEI mass spectrometer MS2H, spectra can be calibrated at every fifth m/e in the range 60-535 m/e, provided the ion-accelerating voltage is 2000 v. The accuracy is to 0.3 m/e.


Abstract Raman spectroscopy is widely used to study the vibrational and structural properties of single crystals. More recently, in the fields of chemistry, physics, and engineering, interest in the properties of small objects has arisen. Small objects include microcrystalline materials, artificially layered semiconductor structures, and colloidal suspensions. The reason for this recent interest is that these objects often display unique electronic properties which may find applications in devices. Since Raman spectroscopy is a convenient nondestructive tool, it is not surprising that it has been used to characterize such objects. In this review, we consider almost exclusively results obtained with semiconductors.


Vocational education and training, characterised by a high degree of centralisation, is still at the initial stage of reform. Severe economic constraints may impede the reform plans. The current legal framework does not take account of the conditions of a social market economy, but concentrates only on the reform of vocational schools. Main challenges include the development of a coherent legal framework and the enhancement of institutional capacities.


Earlier in 2020, we heard of the shock departure of the University of Adelaide's Chancellor, Kevin Scarce, as well as the absence of its Vice-Chancellor, Peter Rathjen, due to illness. With the release of The Hon. Bruce Lander's Statement about an Investigation, the actual events have now been unveiled.


In this lecture I have tried to make a judicious selection of the aerodynamic problems involved in the design of future civil aircraft. The choice is necessarily restrictive because of the time limitations of the lecture, so it must be emphasised that the list of problem areas considered is by no means complete. Also, the choice is flavoured by my present field of activity in low-speed wind tunnel work, so some important areas will be excluded on this account.


Conioselinum chinense (L.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. is a Massachusetts species of Special Concern. This umbelliferous plant, primarily of calcareous wetlands, has generally been found in western Massachusetts. In 1988, the species was reported as extant near the Hanover region in Plymouth County, Massachusetts (NHESP 2011). This population has been considered somewhat anomalous because there are no truly calcareous wetlands in the region. However, this find was made more plausible by bona fide historical specimens from Norfolk County [7 Aug 1892 and 4 Oct 1891, T.O. Fuller s.n. (NEBC)], Plymouth County [undated, W. Oakes s.n. (GH)], and Worcester County [12 Aug 1918, N.P. Woodward s.n. (GH)]. More putative extant eastern populations were eventually found in Great Meadows National Wildlife Refuge in Middlesex County and Newburyport in Essex County. It was hypothesized that mafic bedrock or the influence of marine minerals could provide substitute ions for calcium, allowing the species to inhabit coastal fen-like meadows and riversides. The eastern populations were observed to be taller, more reproductively successful, and more adaptable to varying light levels than the western plants (NHESP 2011; pers. obs.). These successful eastern populations were in large part the basis for a delisting proposal submitted for this species in 2011. By happenstance, a specimen collected by the author [18 Sep 2009, B.A. Connolly s.n. (NEBC)] from the extant Hanover, Plymouth County population was compared to local specimens of a very rarely introduced species, Peucedanum palustre (L.) Moench. [S.K. Harris 20774 (GH), 18059 (NEBC); 19 Aug 1970, L.E. Richardson s.n. (NEBC); R.J. Eaton 6399, 6710 (NEBC)]. This putative ''Conioselinum'' specimen was a morphological match to the introduced species. RHODORA, Vol. 113, No. 956, pp. 516–518, 2011 E Copyright 2011 by the New England Botanical Club


The modern automobile is a kind of comprehensive sysetm integrating mechanical,electrical,fluid technology,we should analyze the phenomenon of failure to determine the fault position and then repair it.This paper takes the automobile startup failure as example,elaborates the standardization process of modern automobile detection and repair,so that the car can better and faster recover its function.


The present study was to examine the chronological changes of the characteristics of apparatus gymnastics and the related content system in the course of studies for physical education in elementary school issued by the Japanese Ministry of Education since 1958. The emphasis of apparatus gymnastics has been shifted in the four revised course of studies, from 'acquisition of movement skills' to 'learners' subjective feeling, ' such as pleasure and enjoyment with activities. The source of pleasure and enjoyment through apparatus gymnastics learning has been also shifted from 'conquering difficult obstacles' to 'achieving several tricks, ' According to these changes of the characteristics, the instructional objectives were changed from 'fostering movement skills "to" enabling to perform several tricks, ' Considering the characteristics given to apparatus gymnastics as 'achieving several tricks, ' the class would become more effective, and offer more varied experiences of pleasure and enjoyment for children


A total of 46 lectures were presented, covering various aspects of nuclear reactions and nuclear structure, the strong and weak interactions in particle physics and string theories. The main aim of the school was to expose participants to the basic concepts and modern developments in nuclear and particle physics in a manner not normally covered in text books.


layer to support the sample, we frequently measure proton currents traveling towards the dish floor, suggesting that this provides a more physiological environment in which ions are free to move from all surfaces of the ovariole unimpeded (Figure 3). The recording chamber provides a physiological environment and specimen manipulation and orientation possibilities that are well suited to extracellular electrophysiological investigation of a variety of tissues and can be adapted to other studies requiring precise sample orientation.


ABC Fax + 41 61 306 12 34 E-mail firstname.lastname@example.com www.karger.com © 2005 S. Karger AG, Basel 1424–8581/05/1094–0527$22.00/0 Accessible online at: www.karger.com/cgr Abstract. Molecular markers such as microsatellites, provide genetic signposts for navigating genomes. In general, genetic markers that are monomorphic or non-informative in mapping populations typically remain unmapped and as such are less likely to be included in future studies. The use of hybrid cell panels and in silico mapping via whole genome sequences allow for positional mapping of non-segregating markers. This study utilizes the INRA ChickRH6 whole-genome radiation hybrid panel and chicken whole-genome shotgun sequence to map microsatellite markers from the turkey (Meleagris gallopavo). Thirty-three of the 41 markers typed on the RH panel had significant linkage to at least one other marker and 83 of 100 sequences returned significant BLAST similarities. Positioning of these markers provides additional sequence tagged sites in the turkey genome and increases the potential use of these markers for future genetic studies.


The world integrity is characterized by an influence of living beings to each other and their places that they take among themselves. That is, it is possible to say that the fauna and flora of the earth take an important place in the life of human being. Kazakh nation pays special attention to two important issues in their decorative applied artistic things: in their handicraft creations and decorative applied things. As the future of the nation is the chief goal of our paper, we should provide national characteristics and spiritual content of education in our accomplishing activities. Research methods: studying of the mechanism in conditions all of the accruing globalization, unification of spiritual and material culture, preserving the originality, cultural values, customs, traditions, expressing the need for spiritual self-determination. Results of the research: scientific and methodical bases of cultural function of training are defined: culture bases in maintenance and processes of training; the process of training at a basis of functional model of culture are considered; didactic conditions, methods and forms of introduction substantial and procedural aspects of training in the context of culture in system of continuous education. Developed model can be used for substantial and procedural aspects of training in the context of culture.


It is well known that one of the conflicts between Bayesian and frequentist approach to inference lies in the determination and interpretation of "interval estimates". In particular, Bayesians deny any probabilistic meaning to realised confidence intervals. On the contrary, the author shows that a confidence coefficient must inevitably be interpreted as a subjective probability, at least when there is a large uncertainty in the assignment of a prior distribution. Besides, this viewpoint is operationally sustained by some formal relationships between confidence and Bayesian intervals: exact equality between the respective coverage probabilities in some special cases (Lindley, amongst others), exact equality again between mean values of posterior probabilities and mean values of confidence coefficients in all cases (Pratt), and approximate equality between coverage probabilities in most cases, especially if the interval is calculated on a sample with a not too small size (Welch and Peers and others).


The service-learning experiences provided by the Business & Economics Department are carefully crafted to exemplify the Mercy mission at Salve Regina University. By practicing what they are learning, and teaching others what they know, students are able to retain a higher percentage of that which is taught. It also gives them the opportunity to put their knowledge and skills to work, moving beyond a conceptual understanding. The additional benefi t of the integration of Mercy culture in learning provides an opportunity for students to act in service to their communities and experience how valuable their skills are to others. Students who have completed the service-learning program have commented about expanding their knowledge, improving their communication skills, and increasing feelings of accomplishment as they work with diverse groups and individuals. As educators, we want to ensure there is an understanding of the benefi ts bestowed upon some and the responsibility to others who are less fortunate. "While we place all our confi dence in God, we must always act as if success depended on our own exertions" -Catherine McAuley


Deloitte's recent report on productivity in corporate Australia highlighted the unnecessary burden companies are placing on themselves in order to satisfy corporate compliance requirements.


Objective To correct the origin of the textural records on Arnebia.Methods Textural research was adopted to investigate the information of alias,producing area and origin.Results Lithospermum erythrorhizon Sieb.et Zucc.and Onosma paniculatum Bur.et Franch were used in textual records.Conclusion Arnebia might be more usefully in the future,but the varieties are in confusion.We must investigate all aspects of different varieties to ascertain the correct officinal varieties.


By means of gas chromatography/mass spectrometry following preseparation by free flow field step electrophoresis 38 acids have been identified and quantified in coffee. Of these, 18 acids were identified for the first time and 5 others quantified for the first time in coffee. As a rule, the contents of the acids increase slightly on steam treatment and strongly on roasting. Exceptions are acids generated from other acids or trigonelline, which are formed on roasting only. On average, the contents of a steam treated roasted coffee sample were lower than the contents of a corresponding untreated sample. Nevertheless, a distinction of the two groups of coffees is not possible. In addition to the analysis of some coffee samples of known origin, the acids contents of 6 commercial blends of medium roast, of one espresso blend and of one instant coffee were determined.


Gyrokinetic simulations of electron-temperature-gradient-driven turbulence normally rely upon an adiabatic ion (AI) approximation for numerical tractability. GYRO simulations using the AI approximation show that, in some regions of parameter space, simulations give rise to unbounded levels of turbulence. Such a result cannot be physical, suggesting a breakdown of the model equations. More expensive simulations which include the correct nonadiabatic ion response, on the other hand, are well-behaved and give rise to physically sensible levels of electron heat transport. We explore this topic in detail, departing from a low-shear, low-transport ETG-AI test case and moving to the high-transport regime. We remark that the low-shear departure point has been the subject of a previous benchmark effort [1], for which four codes (GYRO, GS2, PG3EQ and GENE) are in mutual agreement.


In Botswana HIV/AIDS infection rates are extremely high and are increasing. Sentinel surveys of pregnant women show prevalence rates of 40-50% in some sites of the country. This article summarizes results from a study of the impact of HIV/AIDS on macroeconomic indicators in Botswana. The study used a simulation model to project the growth path of the Botswana economy over a 25-year period (1996-2021) under "with-AIDS" and "no-AIDS" scenarios. Findings revealed that the impacts of HIV/AIDS on macroeconomic variables are operated through the supply of labor economic growth per capita incomes savings and investment. HIV/AIDS decreased investment as households diverted money into care; there were labor shortages especially of skilled workers; there were labor impacts that could mean increased capital intensification; and government budgets were adversely affected with decreased revenue and increased demand for expenditure. These results suggest that key areas of focus need to be skilled labor investment and productivity growth. Moreover policy efforts should be devoted towards maintaining the investment rate especially for the private sector.


Baksan Underground Scintillation Telescope is an underground detector located at the Northern Caucasus (Russia). The BUST can detect an astrophysical flux of neutrinos from Galactic sources as an excess of cosmic ray muon neutrinos arriving from the source direction. The search performed using 38 years (live time = 30.9) of the BUST dataset to look for a statistically significant excess of events arriving within a solid angle. No significant excess of events produced by astrophysical sources is found. Since the number of detected events is compatible with the number of expected background events upper limit on the muon neutrino flux is determined.


Blood-group-P1 substance from sheep hydatid-cyst fluid was purified by a combination of gel filtration through Sepharose 6B and preparative polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. The resultant glycoprotein contained D-galactose; D-glucose; N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine in molar ratios 5.2:1:2:2; unidentified carbohydrate was also present. The amino-acid composition resembled that of vertebrate A, B, H and Lewis active glycoproteins.

Prolonged incubation of P1 substance with coffee bean α-galactosidase resulted in the liberation of 17–24% of the total D-galactose present and a reduction in blood-group-P1 inhibitory activity. The serological activity of the glycoprotein was unaffected by treatment with pronase or papain.

P1 substance has receptors for the agglutinins from Salmo trutta, Clupea harengus, Soja hispida, Maclura aurantiaca and Triticum vulgaris. Some loss of receptor for Soja hispida and Maclura aurantiaca occurred after α-D-galactosidase treatment.


The authors integrated predictions from the group value model of justice with an esteem threat framework of deviance to examine the within-person relation between interpersonal justice and workplace deviance. Using a moderated-mediation approach, they predicted that daily interpersonal injustice would lower daily self-esteem; daily self-esteem would in turn mediate the effect of daily interpersonal injustice and interact with trait self-esteem in predicting daily workplace deviance. Using 1,088 daily diary recordings from 100 employees from various industries, the results generally support the hypothesized model linking daily interpersonal justice and daily workplace deviance, even when the effects of previously established mediators (i.e., affect and job satisfaction) were controlled for. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed.


This research work aimed to enhance the concentration of some bioactive compounds in culantro (Eryngium foetidum L.) plantlets through gamma irradiation (0.0, 10.0, 20.0 and 40.0 Gy range) treatments. Gamma irradiation at 40.0 Gy significantly stimulated total phenolic, flavonoids, tannin and saponin contents. The effect of irradiation on antioxidant properties of culantro extracts was investigated by radical-scavenging effect on 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals and the content of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS). Some significant changes were observed in thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances between non-irradiated and irradiated samples. Irradiation at 40 Gy affected the DPPH radical-scavenging activity significantly. Total soluble sugars increased from 2.68 g/100 g dw at 0.0 Gy to 6.08 g/100 g dw at 10.0 Gy. Gamma radiation enhanced the level of ascorbic acid accumulation compared to control (non-irradiated) plantlets. Total chlorophyll decreased significantly under all irradiation treatments. These results suggested that both low �-irradiation doses and tissue culture techniques could be used to produce culantro plantlets with high quantities of certain m etabolites.


We present a case study of fast turn-around processing and analysis of time-lapse seismic data acquired using the Life of Field Seismic (LoFS) permanent receiver array. We combine a small computer cluster, a broad band connection to the offshore facilities and script-base processing software into an automated workflow from acquisition to interpretation. This results in delivery of time-lapse processed volumes to the interpreters within a week after last shot. By automating the generation of time-lapse difference volumes and extractions, we deliver fast-track interpretation of the main time-lapse effects within hours of data arrival in Stavanger. These main time-lapse effects are captured in graphic files, which are all automatically linked in HTML documentation. This automation and standardization has allowed moving the main workload of the geophysicist from of data manipulation to interpretation and integration of the collected data.


Several months after being banished from Massachusetts Bay for her antinomian beliefs, Anne Hutchinson miscarried. Heralding it as a sign from God, authorities insisted that Hutchinson's monstrous birth was indisputable proof of her monstrous views, evidence that inspired fear and awe and would undoubtedly return the wayward to orthdoxy's fold.


OBJECTIVE To obtain the recombinant human Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase(rhCu-Zn SOD) with high purity,and high specific activity,and study the stability of the renatured protein.METHODS The recombinant human Cu-Zn SOD expressed in E.coli in the form of inclusion body was renatured by dialysis.The renatured preparation was purified by Metals-Chelaing Affinity Chromatography(MCAC).The stability of renatured and purified rhSOD to temperature,pH and denaturant was examined by measuring activity of rhSOD.RESULTS The activity of expressed inclusion body was obtained with specific activity of 2 380 U·mg-1 by dialysis in vitro.The rhSOD preparation purified by MCAC had specific activities of about 5 000 U·mg-1 and activity recovery was over 100%.SDS-PAGE showed that rhSOD was purified homogeneously(with the purity over 95%).NBT activity identification proved that the renatured and purified rhSOD had high SOD activity.Simultaneously,the study indicated that the renatured and purified rhSOD showed high thermostability(25~70 ℃) and pH stability(pH 5.0~10.5).It was also stable when being treated with 2~10 mol·L-1 urea and 2%~8% SDS,but sensitive when being treated with over 1 mol·L-1 guanidine hydrochloride. CONCLUSION The condition for renaturing rhCu-Zn SOD inclusion body and the method for purifying renatured rhSOD are developed.Renatured protein had very good stability to temperature,pH and denaturant(such as urea and SDS).


A negative-resistance circuit has been constructed with the combination of a p-n-p junction transistor, a light emitting p-n diode and a n-p-n photo transistor. The circuit provides negative-resistance voltage-current characteristics in both for increasing and decreasing the positively applied voltage, and holds a facility to obtain external control optically. The breakover voltage can be set at a desired value according to the adjustment of bias resistances for the p-n-p junction transistor.


Invited for the cover of this issue is Albert Escuer from the Molecular Magnetism Group, University of Barcelona, Spain. The cover image shows the "cluster inside a ring" core of the complex discussed in the article, whose structure is even more clearly depicted in its shadow. The reaction of an azide anion with 2-pyridylcyanoxime, mediated by MnII cations, yields a new tetrazole ligand and one high-nuclearity cluster with an unprecedented core.


The variation of impurity concertation in the ultra-high purity (UHP) gases, delivered from cryogenic storage tanks and transported through long pipes, is a major problem in systems like those used in semiconductor manufacturing facilities. A method is developed for stabilizing the purity and reducing the gas consumption in these systems. This technique uses a dynamically controlled mixing of gases supplied by multiple cryogenic tanks. The control scheme uses software modules that simulate the processes that cause purity variation in both the cryogenic tanks and the transport lines. These processes include vaporization and supply in tanks, various modes of transport in delivery pipes, and the adsorption and desorption on surfaces. The method also includes and corrects for variations caused by transience in gas usage rate as well as ambient conditions.


The view that monetary policy has an important influence on economic fluctuations has been rejected by the works on real business cycle theory. This proposition is, in part, based on theoretical models in which movements of output are due to shocks in technology only. For example, in the model of Kydland/Prescott (1982), money plays no role. The force of the new view on business cycles also comes from empirical investigations. It is claimed by economists analyzing economic time series that the behavior of those variables commonly associated with business cycles (GNP, employment, investment, and so on) can be characterized by a random walk; this hypothesis, too, implies that the largest part of economic fluctuations can be attributed to real shocks which have, by definition, persistent effects on the level of activity. A further empirical challenge to the theory of monetary business cycles comes from a somewhat different angle, namely the analysis of vector autoregressions. On the basis of their findings, several authors reject the view that money has any significant impact on output movements. It is this characteristic of the real business cycle theory that distinguishes it from the alternative theories (McCallum, 1986, 398). In this paper, we want to investigate whether the hypothesis of the irrelevance of monetary policy holds up for West Germany. In particular, we want to analyze the effects of both monetary policy and various real variables on the development of output to see which group performs better or whether both are important. By "performing" we simply mean whether Granger-causality is present.


A miniature ultrasonic transducer array for minimally invasive blood flow measurement has been developed. Compare with laser Doppler flowmeter, this tool is much smaller in size and is capable of reaching deep inside the tissue to monitor blood flow not accessible by the laser beam. Compared with traditional ultrasound Doppler flowmeter, this miniature tool is able to achieve more accurate measurement by using high frequency ultrasounds. The silicon substrate of the transducers array was micromachined into a probe shape using double-sided dry etching. The typical cross-sectional dimension of the silicon probe is 40 mum times 80 mum. Arrays comprising 24-32 transducers were prototyped and tested. The 46 mum-diameter drum shaped ultrasound transducers operate at a voltage lower than 40 volts, generate and receive ultrasound at a central frequency of 5.8 MHz, and has a bandwidth of about 80%. A new poly silicon surface micromachining process was developed for fabrication of the transducer. The new process separates all the conductors from the silicon nitride film and reduces the charging problem associated with nitride-conductor interface


From the organisation's point of view, feedback assists effective learning. From the individual's viewpoint it can satisfy any personal need for information on progress and facilitate social comparison with others. Whether criticism achieves any beneficial effects is dependent on the amount of critical feedback; a balanced review of performance, covering strengths and weaknesses; clear, relevant feedback content emphasising the performance of the individual; the availability of other sources of feedback; the extent of subordinate participation in the interview; and the relationship between the manager and the subordinate. Self‐appraisal may be a more robust approach and may overcome many of the problems normally encountered in discussing performance. There is ample evidence for its effectiveness.


The invention provides a battery sealing machine which comprises a control unit and a press wheel, wherein the press wheel can be rotated under the control of the control unit; a vacuum sucking hole capable of sucking a steel ball is arranged on the press wheel; and the press wheel can move back and forth along an axial direction of a battery on a sealed station under the control of the control unit. The battery sealing machine has simple action process, high working efficiency and automatic control during working and has higher consistency when being used for sealing the battery.


(ProQuest: ... denotes formula omitted.)IntroductionHuman Resource Management (HRM) is an important support function to main business. The type of support it provides is well addressed in studies that investigate Human Resource (HR) activities (Harel and Tzafrir, 1999; Huselid and Becker, 1997; Ulrich, 1998; Jackson et al., 2004; Budhwar and Boyne, 2004; Budhwar et al., 2006a; Budhwar et al., 2006b; Lambooij et al., 2006; Jain et al., 2009). The profiles of organizations in multiple sectors vary and so do HR activities. There is however a firm belief irrespective of sector that HRM must play a more strategic role in supporting business. This implies that it must rise above just being a support function. Looking across literature it is seen that activities of HR professionals within a sector are much less addressed. A sector that needs close attention is the growing flagship sector of Information Technology in India. This paper communicates the activities that HR professionals play in organizations of the Indian IT sector. We describe their roles and activities with a specific reference to where the role played is strategic.The Indian IT industryThe success story of Indian IT industry is well described (Sheshabalaya, 2005). Most of this business is characterized as IT outsourcing and software code development. The industry is growing rapidly, and in the year 2008 it registered a growth of about 34%. The growing success of the Indian IT companies has brought with it a great surge of recruitment activities from the HR perspective. The top three Indian IT organizations namely TCS, Infosys and Wipro employ over 240,000 professionals.Table 1 shows the status of large IT companies in India. The top ten companies compete to be in the top ten ranks. The companies have varying growth percentages and revenues. The fully owned IT companies such as HCL, Cognizant and Wipro have very high growth percentages. Implying that they are fast growth companies needing care and nurture where the HR function is concerned. The companies at the over all lead revenue-wise are TCS, Wipro and Infosys. These have been in the lead for over a decade.HRM in the growing IT sectorGoals such as beating competition, meeting demanding customer's deadlines, managing fluctuating currency and the urge for speed, precipitate volatility. Volatility in the IT economy makes the role of HR professionals more complicated. HR professionals have a tight rope to walk in order to help drive performance and productivity in software development and out sourcing. The industry has challenges that HR professionals encounter on a daily basis. HR professionals spend time identifying ways to recruit, retain and right size manpower, pay competitive salaries on time, and maintain a work life balance; else employees leave and quit jobs.Developing reward (tangible and intangible) packages in IT organizations under such conditions is a challenge. Retaining the knowledge worker when attrition rates in IT organizations range from 10-40% annually is yet another challenge. Attrition rates of the knowledge worker are high in most organizations, with reasons for leaving being: study abroad, job abroad, new job in India, or study in India (Sontakke, 2000). In development teams that are close in terms of geographic proximity, or even far away as in virtual teams, the maintenance of a spirit of win-win and collaboration keeps the HR professional busy with conflict management techniques to resolve interpersonal conflicts. Whilst such managers give themselves for the organization, lobbying for their own image in the organization can become an energy consuming issue. The CEO's philosophy towards people influences the CEO's dependency on the HR function. In turn HR professionals need to educate themselves in the technical business of the organization.Often, today the line manager works with the HR professional to make business results happen. …


Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential effect of ellagic acid (EA) in the treatment of pancreatic injury. EA has been found to have strong anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and anticancer properties. The effects of EA on pancreati˜c star cell (PSC) activation and cell functions have been evaluated and it has been shown that it inhibits the activation of basic cell functions and PSCs and. it has antidiabetic activity through its effect on β-pancreas cells. Materials and methods In this work, 36 Wistar albino rats (n = 36, 8 weeks old) were used. Rats were divided to 4 groups and 9 rats were each group. Groups: Group 1: control group; Group 2: EA group; Group 3: carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) group; Group 4: EA + CCl4 group. Animals were decapitated after 8 weeks and their pancreas tissue samples were taken and researched. In pancreas tissue, NF-κB, TNF-α, Nrf-2, VEGF, Bcl-2, caspase-3, and Akt proteins expression ratios were analyzed by western blotting method, CAT activity and GSH levels were determined by spectrophotometer and ROS production was detected by MDA. Results In our results, the Nrf-2 and caspase-3 protein expressions, catalase activities and GSH levels increased, TNF-α, NF-κB, Bcl-2, VEGF, and Akt protein expressions and MDA levels reduced in EA + CCl4 group comparable to the CCl4 group. Conclusions These findings reveal that EA decreases pancreas tissue injury in rats and that EA may also be used as a drug against pancreas tissue injury in the future.


In this paper a novel approach is proposed for interaction force estimation between a non-passive soft tissue in contact with end effector of a robot. It is necessary to understand the real behavior of living organs of the body in the robotic surgeries to do a better operation especially in cases of tele-operation surgery. In addition, this interaction force to the surgeon should be fed back in a successful surgery which is an important factor. In this paper, a model for a non-passive soft tissue is suggested. The model for the beating heart tissue that consists of a passive viscoelastic part as well as an active part that is considered as an unknown time-varying parameter. Afterward, the total interaction force between tissue and robot is estimated, using a similar approach to unknown input observers (UIO). The main difference between the proposed method and those in the literature is that unlike other UIO approaches, the proposed strategy does not use the derivative signal in estimating the active part of the interaction force. Finally, simulations and experiments are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed force estimation approach.


In this paper, a valid and accurate method is presented that accounts for the characteristics of radio wave propagation in the evaporation duct using the Model method. The model assumes a trilinear refractivity profile and the layer to be stationary and horizontally homogeneous, using the model program calculations the height gain and path loss for earth-detached duct when frequency is 520MHz. In addition, compared to experimental results, approximate agreement has been found between measurements and calculations in the case of the evaporation duct.


It is shown that heat in the absence of a solvent converts the title compound into benzo[k,l]thioxanthen 7,7-dioxide, 7-thiabenzo[c]fluorene, and o-(1-naphthyl)-benzenesulphonic acid. From these results and a consideration of the related pyrolyses of the 3,10- and 1,8-dimethyl derivatives of the title compound, a free-radical rearrangement mechanism is proposed to explain the observations.


The authors report on a simple and easy-to-use GHz amplified femtosecond laser source. The laser source is based on a passively mode-locked oscillator with a near GHz repetition rate. GHz pulses are then selected, and the obtained bursts of pulses are further amplified in a high-power amplifier chain. The presented GHz femtosecond laser source is used with a galvanometric scanner to perform ablation experiments on copper, aluminum, and stainless steel. Specific ablation rates of 0.7, 2.3, and 1.4 (mm3/min)/W are reached. The role of the important experimental parameters, such as the number of subpulses in the burst, is highlighted. Thanks to a specific ablation scheme in the GHz mode, the ablation efficiency is then comparable to the case of single nanosecond pulses, but with the usual quality of femtosecond processing.The authors report on a simple and easy-to-use GHz amplified femtosecond laser source. The laser source is based on a passively mode-locked oscillator with a near GHz repetition rate. GHz pulses are then selected, and the obtained bursts of pulses are further amplified in a high-power amplifier chain. The presented GHz femtosecond laser source is used with a galvanometric scanner to perform ablation experiments on copper, aluminum, and stainless steel. Specific ablation rates of 0.7, 2.3, and 1.4 (mm3/min)/W are reached. The role of the important experimental parameters, such as the number of subpulses in the burst, is highlighted. Thanks to a specific ablation scheme in the GHz mode, the ablation efficiency is then comparable to the case of single nanosecond pulses, but with the usual quality of femtosecond processing.


NTEGRITY of the gene in heterozygotes, first inferred from MENDEL'S (1865) Pisum data and repeatedly corhrmed since in a wide variety of organisms, is re-garded as a universal principle in Mendelian heredity. Departures from the law have been reported from time to time, only to prove unfounded, in most instances at least, on close analysis. The present study is concerned with a seeming exception to the rule at the well-known R locus in maize conditioning aleurone and plant color.


An apparatus for attaching a polarizing film on a glass panel is provided to improve productivity by automatically executing an attachment process and to minimize defective parts by attaching the polarizing film on the glass panel right after washing the glass panel, by a device for cleaning the surface of the glass panel at least one time. In an apparatus for attaching a polarizing film on a glass panel, a film transfer device(100) sticks the polarizing film stacked in a loading box, on a tape at regular intervals. The film transfer device transfers the polarizing film to a guide tip of a guide plate(145) and rewinds the tape left after the polarizing film is removed. An attaching device(200) sucks the polarizing film transferred and supplied by the film transfer device, by an attaching head(210) and moves down to attach the polarizing film on the glass panel. A glass panel transfer device(300) is installed at the lower part of the attaching device and equipped with a stage placing the glass panel and moving back and forth. The glass panel transfer device moves and supplies the glass panel to the lower part of the attaching head by using a horizontal transfer tool, when the glass panel is placed on the stage.


The beta limits on the central cells of nonaxisymmetric tandem mirrors due to moderate‐m ballooning modes are studied. Both finite Larmor radius (FLR) effects and corrections associated with the finite extent of the ballooning modes in the plane perpendicular to B are retained. The assumption of short perpendicular wavelength together with the large ellipticity of the flux surfaces near the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) anchor cells allows a reduction of the three‐dimensional problem into a sequence of three one‐dimensional problems. The marginal stable boundary for the Mirror Fusion Test Facility (MFTF‐B) (National Technical Information Service Document Nos. 82020108 and UCID‐19359) is calculated and compared with that obtained from a low mode number calculation.


In order to understand where Film and its business is heading, it is worthwhile to take a look back at where it comes from and where it has been. Some of the challenges faced by the industry in the past can charter a way forward when facing new obstacles. This paper goes back trying to figure what the industry can learn from its past in order to continue being relevant.


Dose -response of rubber tree seedl ing on hydrogen fluoride(HF)was studied through an experiment of HF -fumigation.Rubber tree seedling emerged with ty pical harmsymptoms.The higher the c oncentration of HF,the more seriously the seedlings were injured,and the higher the accumula tion of leaf fluoride took place.You ng leaf was always injured earlier th an old ones,and fluoride accumulation in old leaf was higher t han that in young ones.The acute HF -i njury threshold of rubber tree leaf w as determined ac-cording to different concentration,time and harmful degree.they are 13.2119μg·cm -2 ·d -1 ×2h,5.3061μg·cm -2 ·d -1 ×4h,3.7659μg·cm -2 ·d -1 ×6h,2.0254μg·cm -2 ·d -1 ×8h,1.6253μg·cm -2 ·d -1 ×10h respectively.


The authors describe the multiprocessing capabilities of the PowerPC architecture and the first implementation of that architecture, the 601 microprocessor. The architected multiprocessing (MP) facilities of PowerPC are presented, and the 601 microarchitecture and system interface are discussed in the context of multiprocessing support. It is pointed out that the PowerPC architecture and the 601 seek to advance the state of the art for multiprocessing by providing a building block that addresses full MP functionality and MP performance in a way that has little risk for the system designer and with performance features heretofore unavailable in the microprocessor marketplace.<<ETX>>


The utility model discloses a tension vibra tone with an elasticity limiting function. The tension vibra tone with the elasticity limiting function comprises a woven belt body, at least one grip, at least one elasticity part and at least one elasticity limiting component. The woven belt body is with no flexible elasticity and composed of weaving materials, has flexibility and is in a long extension belt shape. The woven belt body comprises a belt body part, a fixing part and an operating end, and an installing and fixing component is arranged on the fixing part. The at least one grip is connected at the operating end of the woven belt body and used for being held to apply force and for pulling. The at least one elasticity part is connected between the belt body part and the operating end of the woven belt body and can extend under stress and has retraction elasticity. When the grip is pulled, the grip has elastic resistance by means of the elasticity part. The elasticity limiting component is connected between the belt body part and the operation end of the woven belt body. By means of the elasticity limiting component, the extending state of the elasticity part can obtain limiting, fixing and stopping effects within a largest load range. By means of the design, the problems of occurrence of elastic fatigue or breakdown of the elasticity part of the tension vibra tone can be effectively solved, and therefore the purposes of prolonging the service life of the tension vibra tone and improving safety performance of using are achieved.