The importance of faith for a person is not only to gain for the heaven and avoid the hell, but rather to establish the religion of Allah, although it must be fought against various trials and challenges. So it is with love, because love is the gift from God given to His slave, even the love was burning like the fire. Here is how writer would describe in this paper about a synergy between faith for God and love for God that can be run hand in hand
Then, if faith here meant the determination of a man who has the knowledge, especially religious knowledge because by this knowledge a man will be able to control his emotions and the slander spread by others.
Therefore, the writer used a religious perspective in assessing the synergy between love and faith, as portrayed El-Sirazy in his great work.
Based on this study, the writer found that human love towards God made him to live a life increasingly tough not only in the world but also in the hereafter. While the human love for his or her opposite sex even because of God only able to create the peace in the world.
It is like the sides of a coin that cannot be separated from each other because of strong fastener chain of love and sense of belonging to one another or to the Creator. This means that the courage of a man against his loved one is almost the same as the firmness of his faith for his God.


To study a kind of ultrasound method for measuring tissue temperature in hyperthermia,it is a noninvasive temperature estimation based on time-shifts of backscattered ultrasound.The experiments were carried out on in fresh pig livers during the temperature range from 20℃~50℃,and a series of time-shifts of backscattered ultrasound were obtained.Signal sampling and processing were used to explore the temperature correlation of backscattered ultrasound time-shifts,and tissue temperature was estimated.It has been found that the time-shifts of backscattered ultrasound varied in accordance with the temperature changes in heated tissue,and the trend was linea.Preliminary experimental results showed the feasibility of this ultrasonic noninvasive thermometry.


Background: Adverse drug reaction monitoring and reporting require a multidisciplinary approach and pharmacists have a major role to play in this matter. Under-reporting of the ADRs by the prescribers is a common problem in devolving countries. Aim: To assess the knowledge, attitude and behaviour of community pharmacists toward pharmacovigilance in Khartoum city. Method: Descriptive cross-sectional study among 258 community pharmacists during the period from October to November 2017 using a pre-designed questionnaire. The study was evaluated participants regarding knowledge on drug safety in routine practice, the knowledge and attitude of community pharmacists toward ADR reporting and their behaviour on ADR related aspects. Result: Out of 325 participants, most of them were male (50.8%) with age group From 18 years to 30 years (62%) and B. Pharm (57.8%) and practice experience more than 2 years to 5 years (38.8%) and Training received in pharmacovigilance Yes (42.2%). Assessing pharmacist's knowledge showed that 74% of community pharmacists know the ADR definition and 39.5% are not know the ADR are preventable to some extent, no association between knowledge and qualification, and there is an association with practice. Assessing pharmacists knowledge toward ADR reporting, 69% of the participant are agree awareness of the national pharmacovigilance program in Sudan revealed no statistically significant association with training in pharmacovigilance, positive attitude of pharmacist toward ADR reporting, 67.8% of the pharmacists believed that the role of the pharmacist in ADR reporting was essential revealed there are statistically significant associations with training in pharmacovigilance, the behaviour of pharmacist toward ADR, 91.9%of participant agrees to ask for the allergy history of the patient before dispensing the medication revealed no statistically significant association with training in pharmacovigilance. Conclusion: Even though most of the pharmacists had knowledge, attitude and behaviour on ADR reporting and related aspects, the number of them did not know drug safety-related aspects of specific drugs. Educational programs have to be generated awareness on how to report ADR and stimulate pharmacists' more active participation in the pharmacovigilance program. There is a true need to have training programs to improve the knowledge of pharmacists on ADR related aspects that are of benefit daily, which could greatly have an impact on patient safety. Key Policy Messages: The result reflected pharmacists knowledge toward ADR reporting, most of the participant are agree awareness of the national pharmacovigilance program in Sudan revealed no statistically significant association with training in pharmacovigilance, positive attitude of pharmacist toward ADR reporting, most of the pharmacists believed that the role of the pharmacist in ADR reporting was essential revealed there are statistically significant associations with training in pharmacovigilance, the behaviour of pharmacist toward ADR, majority of the participant agrees to ask for the allergy history of the patient before dispensing the medication revealed no statistically significant association with training in pharmacovigilance.


1 Blood platelets from normal human volunteers were isolated and aggregated in vitro with 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT), noradrenaline (NA), dopamine and N‐dimethyldopamine (DMDA). 2 The effects of 5‐HT antagonists, α‐ and β‐adrenoceptor blocking agents, butyrophenones and chlorpromazine upon aggregation induced by the four amines were investigated. 3 Only the 5‐HT antagonists, chlorpromazine and spiroperidol were potent inhibitors of 5‐HT‐induced aggregation, and only phentolamine was a potent inhibitor of the catecholamine‐induced aggregation. 4 Evidence was obtained for two populations of receptors, one for 5‐HT and one for the three catecholamines.


DMPP(3,4-dimethylpyrazolephosphate) is a new and efficient nitrification inhibitor,which has significant effects on enhancing nitrogen use efficiency and reducing environmental pollution.In this review,we discussed the environmental effects,influencing factors and mechanism of DMPP application from both water environment and atmospheric environment,then,the existing problems and the future direction of this research were pointed out.


The impact of argon as a seeded plasma impurity on the plasma–material interaction properties of beryllium was studied in the PISCES-B linear plasma device. When exposed to pure deuterium plasma, the surface of beryllium forms a fine-scale grass-like structure and contains a significant fraction of deuterium, leading to the reduction of the sputtering yield. An argon fraction in plasma of 10% prevents the formation of rough surface and reduces the deuterium retention in the beryllium target by >50%. Consequently, the beryllium sputtering yield in the presence of argon remains at a level close to the prediction by the binary collision code TRIM. The total retention of deuterium in co-deposited layers remains at a similar level when argon is added, since a higher amount of deposited Be is compensated by a lower D/Be value. Aluminium also forms a fine-scale surface structure and displays a reduction of the effective sputtering yield when exposed to pure deuterium plasma and can therefore be considered as a non-toxic proxy for studying selected plasma–material interaction properties of beryllium.


As a powerfully diagnostic tool for structural interpretation, reservoir characterization, and hydrocarbon detection, quality factor Q provides useful information in seismic processing and interpretation. Popular methods, like the spectral ratio (SR) method, central frequency shift (CFS) method and peak frequency shift (PFS) method, have their respective limitations in dealing with field seismic data. The lack of a reliable method for estimating Q from reflection seismic data is an issue when utilizing the Q value for hydrocarbon detection. In this article, we derive an approximate equation and propose a dominant and central frequency shift (DCFS) method by combining the quality factor Q, the travel time, and dominant and central frequencies of two successive seismic signals along the wave propagating direction. Based on multi-layered analysis, we then proposed a method to obtain continuous volumetric Q estimation results. A test using synthetic data and statistical experiments showed the proposed method can achieve higher accuracy and robustness compared with existing methods. Application of field data also shows its potential and effectiveness to estimate seismic attenuation.


Recent technological advancements made in synthetic diamond bits, coupled with positive displacement downhole mud motor technology now enable operators to use these two products and technologies in deep overthrust wells to reach total depth in fewer days at lower cost per foot. Straight-hole drilling programs using high speed, low torque motors and synthetic/natural diamond bits have been economically utilized in a number and variety of well types in the Overthrust belt.


Objective To observe the dynamic changes of specific IgG, IgG1/IgG2a against the adult antigen of Clonorchis sinensis in sera from different strains of mice after infection. Methods The eggs from feces of the 3 strains of mice were detected with NaOH digestion method and the ELISA were used for the quantitative determination of specific IgG, IgG1/IgG2a against the adult antigen of Clonorchis sinensis in sera 4w, 8w, 12w after infection. Results The specific IgG in 3 strains of mice increased at the 4th-8th week after infection, which reached the peak at about the 10th week post infection, then began to decrease;IgG1/IgG2a in 3 strains of mice continuously increased to the 12th week after infection. Conclusion The immunological reaction in mice with C. sinensis shows a tendency from Th1-type predominant response to Th2-type predominant response along with the extension of the infection.


To make predictions on unseen classes, few-shot segmentation becomes a research focus recently. However, most methods build on pixel-level annotation requiring quantity of manual work. Moreover, inherent information on same-category objects to guide segmentation could have large diversity in feature representation due to differences in size, appearance, layout, and so on. To tackle these problems, we present an active-reference network (ARNet) for few-shot segmentation. The proposed active-reference mechanism not only supports accurately cooccurrent objects in either support or query images, but also relaxes high constraint on pixel-level labeling, allowing for weakly boundary labeling. To extract more intrinsic feature representation, a category-modulation module (CMM) is further applied to fuse features extracted from multiple support images, thus forgetting useless and enhancing contributive information. Experiments on PASCAL-5i dataset show the proposed method achieves a m-IOU score of 56.5% for 1-shot and 59.8% for 5-shot segmentation, being 0.5% and 1.3% higher than current state-of-the-art method.


This works presents a study that aims the development of a power efficient clock generator to fulfill EPCglobal class 1 generation 2 RFID standard specification. Firstly, clock frequency requirements were investigated. Then, the standard characteristics were explored in order to define a self-calibration methodology. The circuit designed was simulated at electric device level in a 0.18 micrometer CMOS technology. Power consumption results presented (117 nW/MHz in oscillator) proved the feasibility of this strategy. The tolerance to process variation and temperature fluctuation were verified by simulation. KeywordsRFID; clock; oscillator; self-calibrated; low power; EPC class 1 generation 2.


The die set shear that is differnet from general flying shear is introduced. The structure of APC (automatic position control) system is given, the APC algorithms of controller is deduced. The waveforms of the blade velocity and position and the theory of reference signal production, as well as the path of hot strip are given. In practice, the tolerance of cut in length is very small (less than +1 mm) and the edge of cut work piece is almost perfectly smooth. The APC system of the die set shear presented was put into operation on a hot strip steel mill of Benxi Steel.


In open economies excess demand in the tradables sector often manfests itself in an external deficit instead of the employment gap that is applied in the usual Phillips-curve model. The inflationary pressure in this case arises from an expected or actual weakening of the exchange rate and its pass-through into prices. This phenomenon gave the idea to define an output as sustainable ('potential') if it does not rely on a permanent increase of external indebtedness. Both domestic and foreign demand shocks generate deviations of actual aoutput from the potential. Potential output for Hungary, Mexico, and Poland was estimated using the Kalman-filter.


Introduction: Hypertension is one of the common diseases in modern societies. ANP hormone is one of the factors regulating blood pressure. Apart from conventional clinical treatments, recent attention has been paid to the impact of exercise on ANP. But there is still debate around the type of exercise that is being used. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic and resistance training on gene expression and protein levels of ANP in male Wistar rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 15 male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups of 5 subjects including (1) control, (2) aerobic training, and (3) resistance training. Aerobic training included running on treadmill at 20 m/min (5 sessions, each session 60 minutes per week), while resistance training included climbing a ladder of one meter with 85-degree slope. For analyzing the findings, one-way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc test were run using SPSS version 19 (p<0.05). Results: aerobic training had a significant effect on the increased levels of the ANP gene expression (p = 0.001) and ANP tissue concentration (p = 0.001) in the heart tissue of rats. Resistance training had a significant effect on the increased levels of ANP gene expression (p = 0.001) and ANP tissue concentration (p = 0.001) in the heart tissue of rats. Also, aerobic training had a greater effect on the ANP gene expression and ANP tissue concentration in the heart tissue of rats compared to resistance training (p = 0.001). Conclusion: It seems that aerobic and resistance training with a significant increase in ANP gene expression and ANP concentration, elevate heart health, however, the effect of aerobic training in this field was more than resistance training.


Several studies have shown the influence of ownership on media content in routine contexts, but none has quantitatively tested it in the theoretically important context of a crisis. Recently the country musicians, the Dixie Chicks, were blacklisted from the radio for criticizing the president in wartime. I use this event to test the role of media ownership in a crisis. Through analyzing airplay from a national sample of radio stations, this paper finds that contrary to prominent allegations grounded in the political economy tradition of media sociology, this backlash did not come from owners of large chains. Rather, I find that opposition to the Dixie Chicks represents grassroots conservative sentiment, which may be exacerbated by the ideological connotations of country music or tempered by tolerance for dissent. * This research was supported by a grant from the Rockefeller Foundation to the Princeton University Center for Arts and Cultural Policy Studies to investigate contemporary conflicts over art and culture in America. I am grateful to Deborah Becher, Paul DiMaggio, Scott Lynch, Richard A. Peterson, and Paul Starr for their comments. Direct correspondence to Gabriel Rossman, Department of Sociology, Wallace Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544. E-mail: email@example.com Introduction This paper briefly recounts a history of the Dixie Chicks controversy. I then review three relevant literatures with which to understand it: the political economy literature on the role of ownership in promoting media hegemony, the political sociology literature on the role of social movements and public opinion in shaping the mass media, and the sociology of culture perspective on the nature of country music. Each of these literatures provides a hypothesis which I then test through regression analysis of a set of radio station playlists. The controversy has its roots on March 10, 2003, when the Dixie Chicks performed at the London nightclub, Shepherd's Bush Empire. On March 12 the British newspaper The Guardian published a brief, three-star review of the concert, approvingly noting that in a "profoundly punk rock" moment, lead singer Natalie Maines told the audience, "Just so you know, we're ashamed the president of the United States is from Texas" (Clarke 2003). The remark reached American country music fans a few hours later with a post to the small website, countrynation.com, which had been following the European press coverage of the Dixie Chicks tour. That evening the article was copied in a post entitled "Dixie Chick Tea Party--dump Lipton tea for sponsoring anti-American Chicks!" to the internet discussion group rec.music.country.western. On March 13, the day after the Guardian article and internet discussion, the Associated Press published the first story in the major American media on the controversy, noting that "Angry phone calls flooded Nashville radio station WKDF-FM on Thursday, some calling for a boycott of the Texas trio's music" (Associated Press 2003). After the wire story, several newspapers carried stories on the subject and internet discussion bloomed, spreading to alt.fan.dixie-chicks and numerous political discussion


Microwave photonics is now a mature research area, the first papers in the field having been published some fifty years ago. Some application areas, such as wireless over fiber, have enjoyed major commercial success, with annual sales revenues of > $100 m and systems installed worldwide. Other areas, such as optical beam-forming for antennas and optical filtering for microwave systems have delivered impressive research results but have yet to find widespread application. In this paper the systems enabling capabilities of microwave photonics will be reviewed and emerging technologies that could increase the range of applications for which microwave photonics offers an attractive solution will be described.


The situation of women in low-income countries is still difficult and, in some cases, particularly dramatic w22x. Besides the numerous socio-cultural shortcomings that women must endure (70% of the poor and illiterate people in the world are women), they are also victims of aggression and violence: 500 million every year w21x are victims of some kind of violence and four million adolescents are forced into prostitution. Furthermore, they are prey to health-related problems: HIV/AIDS (18 million sufferers); female genital mutilations (130 million), and particularly maternal morbidity and mortality. In its 2000 report (based on data from 1990), The World Health Organisation (WHO) estimated that 527,000 women die annually in developing countries from complications of pregnancy, abortion attempts and childbirth w39, 55, 57x. Other reliable estimates state that, in Africa alone, there are between three and four million women who are carriers of urinary or rectal fistulae caused by obstetrical problems. In developed countries (high-income countries), the average maternal mortality ratio (MMR) is 20 per 100,000 live births (2500 women), whereas in developing countries (low-income countries) this average rate increases to 400 per 100,000 live births (527,000 women). Of the member states in that region, very few have maternal and neonatal mortality rates similar to industrialised countries (e.g., Cape Verde, Mauritius and the Seychelles) w10, 27, 28x (Figure 1 and Table 1).


This chapter details Alcibiades' return to Athens. It took him four years to get back—four years of fighting and winning. In Athens, opinion was still divided. It was easy to blame Alcibiades; many recalled that he was the sole cause of all the problems of the past and could well bring on more in the future. Others, however, recalled his talents and the intemperate decision that had precipitated his support of the enemy. They blamed the exile into which he had been forced, the dangers he had known, and his powerlessness to help his homeland. In short, both sides argued vehemently about Alcibiades' true leanings. Mostly, they were thinking about the future. By simply dismissing him, they had forced him to act against his country. If they gave him back his rights and put him in charge, he would be in a better position to help them. The chapter then looks at several accounts of Alcibiades' return to Athens, which took place on the day of the festival of Plynteria. One is that of Xenophon, which may well be an eyewitness account; others were from a later period: they come from Plutarch and Diodorus. In spite of everything, Alcibiades' return was an absolute and unqualified triumph.


Data transfers between applications which require data from transportation models or inventories is an emerging problem. Recent advancements in software and software design have created new conceptual system models with improved portability for re-use of data in diverse applications. Object-oriented programming languages and databases provide promising approaches to such problems.


This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of behavior recognition technology research and its applications in computer vision. Firstly, it discusses the fundamental concepts and categorization methods employed in behavior recognition technology, such as multimodality, double-sided depth photos, bone key points, and RGB data. These techniques enable the recognition and analysis of various human behaviors with high accuracy and precision. Furthermore, this paper highlights the vast potential of behavior recognition technology in several fields, including safety and education. In safety settings, behavior recognition technology can assist managers in identifying abnormal behaviors and enhancing safety precautions. In educational settings, behavior recognition technology can help teachers gain insight into student learning levels and enhance their teaching efficiency. Additionally, this technology can be used to identify patterns of behaviors that might indicate a student is struggling or needs extra support. The paper concludes with a summary of the current state of behavior recognition research and suggests areas for further investigation. One potential area for future research is the development of more accurate and efficient recognition models. Additionally, exploring the ethical implications and privacy concerns of behavior recognition technology is also essential. Overall, this paper emphasizes the immense potential of behavior recognition technology in various fields and encourages further research to realize its full potential. By leveraging the power of computer vision, we can gain valuable insights into human behavior that could have far-reaching implications for safety, education, and other areas of our lives


Bioresorbable interference screw HEADLESS, of the type comprising a counterbore AXIAL ATRASEVANTE (10) most of which (10A) is designed as a hollow prism, constituting the remainder HOLE CILINDRICO (10B). INTERFERENCE SCREW IS MADE FROM A ESTEREOCOPOLIMERO lactic acid of high purity chemicals, comprising at least 90% of units derived from L-lactic acid, a higher mass than 250,000 and a polydispersity less than 2.


A small East African oreopithecid, Nyanzapithecus vancouveringi, is poorly known from several damaged and/or weathered sepecimens. Thus, the hypodigm of this species is incomplete and problematic. Although the hypodigm was previously revised by Harrison (1986). further revision has been necessitated during comparison with new Nyanzapithecus material from Nachola and other Miocene anthropoids. One specimen from Songhor, which was retained in Harrison's hypodigm, is removed, and one specimen from Mfwangano is reasigned from Rangwapithecus gordoni toN. vancouveringi.


Objective To summarize the characteristics of ecthyma gangrenosum and explore its significance in early diagnosis of pseudomonas aeruginosa sepsis in children.Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 11 children with ecthyma gangrenosum who were hospitalized at Guangzhou women and children's medical center between May 2008 and Apr 2011.Results Eight cases were male and 7 were less than twelve months,the oldest was 2 years old,all of them were diagnosed as Pseudomonas aeruginosa spesis.Two patients had a single lesion,and the others had multiple lesions.Ecthyma gangrenosum located on the trunks in 7 cases,on anogenital areas in 5 cases,on extremities in 5 cases and on faces in 3.The lesions appeared on day 2 to day 10.On average,they developed on day 5.Seven patients developed ecthyma gangrenosum before admission,the course of the illness before admission was 6 days.Fever and multiple organ dysfunction occurred in all the patients and their cultures grew pseudomonas aeruginosa,blood cultures were positive in 8 cases,the others were isolated psudomonas aeruginosa from tissue of the lesion,discharge,ascites,pleural effusion,respectively.The time of ecthyma gangrenosum appeared was earlier than the time of the culture results reported.All of the patients were started empiric antibiotics therapy on admission,the initial antibiotic regimen was appropriate in 9 patients,8 needed surgical intervention,4 were treated with continuous blood purification.Ten patients survived and 2 died,the hospital stay was from 1 to 63 days,the average was 30.Conclusion Ecthyma gangrenosum is a known cutaneous manifestation of pseudomonas aeruginosa sepsis,which is helpful for early diagnosis and treatment,and then the outcome will be improved.

Key words:
Ecthyma gangrenosum ;  Pseudomonas aeruginosa;  Sepsis;  Children


The Black-necked Crane (Grus nigricollis) is a rare species of crane that is endemic to China. The species was relatively little known outside China, having never been displayed even in a zoo until early 1958. In that year a couple of the birds were presented to the International Cranes Funds Organization. Protected Species The birds are classified as being in danger of extinction. It is now one of the most protected avian species in China. Description The Black-necked Crane stands over 40 inches (1 meter) in height and weighs approximately 11 to 18 lbs. (5 to 8 kg). The body feathers are smooth and are greyish white in color. The neck feathers are black and its long neck is muffled with a black-velour-scarf. The head is black with red on the top. A white spot is prominent in the area behind the golden eye. The wings, tail and legs are black. Its long beak, wax yellow in color, is extremely hard. The birds live in the highland country and is the only species of crane to be found in such habitat. The species is the last discovered of the 15 crane species known to exist (the first such crane spotting was reported in 1876). As of March 1986, the population of the Black-necked Crane in China totaled about 900. The birds breed in marshland at elevations 3500 to 5000 meters above sea level. The Black-necked Crane can be found in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and north of the Sichuan Province from May to July. During the autumn season, the birds migrate to the lakes and swamps of southern Tibet, Yunnan Province, Sichuan Province and to the northwest of Guizhou Province. The birds remain in these areas until March in the following year. Study of".Vintering Habits at Caohia Lake Caohai Lake is an old, freshwater, highland lake. The lake bottom is 6000 feet (2170 meters) above sea level. The water area is approximately 17 sq. miles ( 45 sq km), with a maximum water depth of about 16 feet (5 meters). The water is so clear that one can see fish and shrimp. Large numbers of Wining Xi-fish, together with plenty of water and areas of lush grass, make this habitat ideal for these cranes. The lake, called "Plateau Pearl;' almost disappeared. Over the past 30 years, massive tree harvesting in the nearby mountains resulted in serious soil erosion. Between 1958 and 1972, the lake silted up. Man-made dikes were built to reclaim 11-1/2 square miles (30 sq km) of the nearby land for farming. These impacts on the lake were disastrous. The lake nearly dried up. The important Wining Xifish died out and the lush growth of water grasses also failed. The decrease in habitat had a severe impact on water birds with few using the little remaining habitat. More importantly, the rare, Black-necked Cranes have been missing from the area ever since. The Lake Is Restored The disastrous effects of the tree harvesting, along with the disappearance of the lake and birdlife caused great concern. People joined together. Trees were planted on the slopes of the mountains. Irrigation facilities were created. Water was again being stored. In 1982 the water level of the lake had expanded to the point where there was some 9 1/2 sq miles (25 sq km) of water. Aquatic animal and plant resources developed rapidly. Water chestnuts, cattails, Li fish (carp), Ji fish (Crucian carp) and the important Wining Xifish could again be found through the entire lake area. Once again, flocks of migratory birds began to return to the lake for their winter resting and nesting period. At times thousands of birds can now be seen on the lake. Importantly, the Blacknecked Cranes returned to the lake. Counts indicate the number of the species is on the increase - 35 in 1975, 305 in the spring of 1984, and 350 in 1985. Today, as we drive to the lake, we can hear the call of the Black-necked Cranes. Now, the largest flock of Black-necked Cranes uses this lake as compared with any of several other wintering places that we know of.


Interest in how innovative users initiate venture business and exploit entrepreneurial opportunities is growing. Many researchers have investigated this phenomenon by using different kinds of research questions, methodologies, and data. These various studies, on the one hand, reflected the generality of the phenomenon of user entrepreneur, but on the other hand, they may simultaneously distract people from understanding what the user entrepreneur study is really about. To reduce this unpleasant side-effect and to find the common key concepts among different user entrepreneur studies, we made a systematic literature review and a synthesis of different ideas. Furthermore, to make these concepts clearer and more familiar to the researchers in the area of innovation and entrepreneurship, we compared these concepts with the popular wisdom of Schumpeter, Kirzner, Knight, and, Roberts. By doing so, we found that existing user entrepreneur study is centering on four concepts: uncertainty reduction, collaboration, user community as a career departure point, and positive factors motivating exploitation decision. Although there are evident limitations in our study, such as insufficient review of traditional wisdom about entrepreneur(ship), this paper clearly depicted what the user entrepreneur study is mainly about; and provided four propositions which are valuable for future researchers to investigate in more details.


Particularly with a faltering recovery and a recent market downturn, the prospect of Congress rewarding reckless behavior by putting taxpayers on the hook is not going to appeal to your average voter.


Background: efficient communication of data is inevitable requirement for general practice. Any issue in data content and its exchange among GP and other related entities hinders continuity of patient care. Methods: literature search for this review was conducted on three electronic databases including Medline, Scopus and Science Direct. Results: through reviewing papers, we extracted information on the GP data content, use cases of GP information exchange, its participants, tools and methods, incentives and barriers. Conclusion: considering importance of data content and exchange for GP systems, it seems that more research is needed to be conducted toward providing a comprehensive framework for data content and exchange in GP systems.


In the article there are considered the questions of upturn in investment appeal of pharmaceutical enterprises and discussed the choice of methods of assessment of investment appeal. Proposed combined use of method of discounted future cash flows and method of real options. There is established that for pharmaceutical enterprises it is reasonable to adopt Value Based Management conception. In the capacity of all-purpose instrument to increase effectiveness of investment activity, implementation of the system of monitoring of investment appeal proposed.


Due to the good biocompatibility and easy regulation of hydrogels, hydrogel-based flexible sensors have flourished in the fields of wearable electronics, electronic skin, and soft robotics in recent years. The...


AbstractA multidecadal geopotential height pattern in the upper troposphere of the extratropical Northern Hemisphere (NH) is identified in this study. This pattern is characterized by the nearly zonal symmetry of geopotential height and temperature between 35° and 65°N and the equivalent barotropic vertical structure with the largest amplitude in the upper troposphere. This pattern is named the Eurasian–Pacific multidecadal oscillation (EAPMO) to describe its multidecadal time scale and the largest amplitudes over Eurasia and the North Pacific. Although nearly extending over the entire extratropics, the EAPMO exhibits larger amplitudes over western Europe, East Asia, and the North Pacific with a zonal scale equivalent to zonal wavenumbers 4 and 5. The zonally asymmetric perturbation tends to amplify over the major mountain ranges in the region, suggesting a significant topographic influence. The EAPMO has fluctuated concurrently with the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation (AMO) at least since the beginning...


A significant movement in environmental policy has emerged over the last 20 years that seeks to target federal resources toward the restoration of large-scale ecosystems. Starting with the 1983 Chesapeake Bay Agreement, the movement now includes more than a half-dozen restorations-in-progress, spanning community, state, and even national boundaries. These large-scale restoration efforts have evolved in response to the awareness that the physical, biological, and chemical integrity of such ecosystems are closely intertwined. The ubiquitous, persistent nature of some pollutants, the spread of increasingly mobile populations and economies, and an intensification of human activities such as land development and agriculture are causing conventional media-specific programs to lag far behind regional needs. As a result, an emerging theory holds that restoration will be achieved most effectively if activities can be targeted to the specific needs of specifics places. Resources required to support these large-scale restorations are measured in dozens of organizations, hundreds of people, and billions of dollars, and the time-scale is generational. As subregions rally scarce resources to launch or step up large-scale initiatives, questions of whether a given initiative will result in real programs and if so, whether the programs will in fact deliver results become urgent. Because of conflicting interests, ecological complexity, and high costs, restoration actions are necessarily deferred pending lengthy and charged negotiations among stakeholders. Yet even after agreements are reached and monies allocated, actual progress—or lack of progress—takes decades to assess. These facts underscore the critical importance of understanding what leads to successful restoration activities and what does not, and how to support more immediate actions that will advance restoration in our nation's ecosystems across the board.


The emergence and development of human value result from the creative labor of human beings. Creative labor is the motivation of the emergence and development of value. Culture is the integrated fruit of value. Modernization is the historical transformation of the different conventions of various nations brought about through the people's creative labor toward their bright goals of value. Today the best goal of value for mankind is a state of harmony.


t‐Darpp (truncated isoform of dopamine‐ and cAMP‐regulated phosphoprotein) is a protein encoded by the PPP1R1B gene and is expressed in breast, colon, esophageal, gastric, and prostate cancers, as well as in normal adult brain striatal cells. Overexpression of t‐Darpp in cultured cells leads to increased protein kinase A activity and increased phosphorylation of AKT (protein kinase B). In HER2+ breast cancer cells, t‐Darpp confers resistance to the chemotherapeutic agent trastuzumab. To shed light on t‐Darpp function, we studied its secondary structure, oligomerization status, metal‐binding properties, and phosphorylation by cyclin‐dependent kinases 1 and 5. t‐Darpp exhibits 12% alpha helix, 29% beta strand, 24% beta turn, and 35% random coil structures. It binds calcium, but not other metals commonly found in biological systems. The T39 site, critical for t‐Darpp activation of the AKT signaling pathway, is a substrate for phosphorylation by cyclin‐dependent kinase 1 and cyclin‐dependent kinase 5. Gel filtration chromatography, sedimentation equilibrium analysis, blue native gel electrophoresis, and glutaraldehyde‐mediated cross‐linking experiments demonstrate that the majority of t‐Darpp exists as a monomer, but forms low levels (< 3%) of hetero‐oligomers with its longer isoform Darpp‐32. t‐Darpp has a large Stokes radius of 4.4 nm relative to its mass of 19 kDa, indicating that it has an elongated structure.


The invention provides an electric wire coil paying-off radial auxiliary device which comprises a supporting frame, an axial sleeving mechanism and radial jacking and pressing mechanisms. The axial sleeving mechanism and the radial jacking and pressing mechanisms are all arranged on the supporting frame. The axial sleeving mechanism comprises a rotary supporting disc, a stepped shaft and telescopic jacking and pressing plates. The lower end of the stepped shaft is arranged in a through hole in a supporting bottom plate in a sleeved manner. The center of the rotary supporting disc is arranged at the upper end of the stepped shaft in a sleeved manner. Each radial jacking and pressing mechanism comprises a jacking and pressing wheel, a second spring and a supporting support. Each jacking and pressing wheel is arranged on a U-shaped support and can freely rotate. The electric wire coil paying-off radial auxiliary device is simple in structure and convenient to use; the three telescopic jacking and pressing plates can move in the radial direction of the rotary supporting disc, and therefore the device can be suitable for sleeving of electric wire coils with different hollow inner rings; and meanwhile, the jacking and pressing wheels have the jacking and pressing function on the electric wire coils, and therefore the phenomenon that the electric wire coils are in disorder in the radial direction during paying off can be avoided.


SUBTITLE: THE HELICOPTER'S RAISON D'cETRE IS ITS ABILITY TO TAKE OFF AND LAND ALMOST ANYWHERE. BUT EXACTLY WHAT ARE THE RAMIFICATIONS OF PUTTING DOWN IN A CUSTOMER'S PARKING LOT?


In Britain the naming norm of one name within a family continues to hold powerful sway. Women change their names to that of their husband in large numbers (Valetas, 2001: 2) and the expectation that they will do so remains, despite women's changing position within society. This, set within the context of individualisation and sociological ideas of the 'pure relationship' (Giddens, 1996: 6) and less commitment from couples (Bauman, 2003: 34), may seem anachronistic, yet the popularity of the name change remains. My aim in this thesis is to investigate what women in Britain do with their last names on marriage (name changing and name retaining) and how this impacts upon their sense of gendered identity. I explore the ideas raised by the individualisation theorists in relation to these naming decisions to assess their relevance for the actualities of women's lives. I also analyse love, commitment, family ties, and explore narratives of selfhood and accountability. The empirical work took the form of an open and closed question online survey, responded to by 102 women (75 changed names and 27 retained names), and 16 in-depth interviews. I asked for British, heterosexual women to take part to explore the institution of marriage, within one cultural setting. Though name changing has a historical connection with women as lesser than men and as property given through marriage, this history was rarely mentioned by name changing participants who focus instead on love, unity, creating a family, and creative and adaptable selfhood to justify their actions. Those women who retain their names focus on linear selfhood, feminism, work, and the private nature of marriage. Justifying one's actions is generally the preserve of the 'deviant' (Scott and Lyman, 1968: 62) and the disparity between those who must account and those who must not will be explored.


A very wide tuning range CMOS MMIC bandpass filter is implemented using active coupled resonators and experimentally demonstrated. It can realise a 0.51 GHz frequency tuning range around 1.8 GHz using a single control voltage, with an ultra-compact size of 0.28 mm2 and a very low DC power consumption of 41 mW.


SUMMARY Objectives In 1981, Peter A. Stewart published a paper describing his concept for employing Strong Ion Difference. In this study we compared the HCO3 levels and Anion Gap (AG) calculated using the classic method and the Stewart method. Methods Four hundred nine (409) arterial blood gases of 90 patients were collected retrospectively. Some were obtained from the same patients in different times and conditions. All blood samples were evaluated using the same device (ABL 800 Blood Gas Analyzer). HCO3 level and AG were calculated using the Stewart method via the website AcidBase.org. HCO3 levels, AG and strong ion difference (SID) were calculated using the Stewart method, incorporating the parameters of age, serum lactate, glucose, sodium, and pH, etc. Results According to classic method, the levels of HCO3 and AG were 22.4±7.2 mEq/L and 20.1±4.1 mEq/L respectively. According to Stewart method, the levels of HCO3 and AG were 22.6±7.4 and 19.9±4.5 mEq/L respectively. Conclusions There was strong correlation between the classic method and the Stewart method for calculating HCO3 and AG. The Stewart method may be more effective in the evaluation of complex metabolic acidosis.


The present study aimed to develop a sports psychological skill training program and to test its applicability to improve the performance of national wheelchair curling players. A total of 4 participants completed the study. Subjects have been to 12 sessions of 6 different psychological skills training programs (routine training, attentional focus training, writing practice training in diary, relation training, self-control training, and positive self-talk training). The effectiveness of psychological skills training has been evaluated with 6 questionnaires and EEG measurement. The result was that psychological skills training had improved coping with adversity, peaking under pressure, and concentration, self-management and reduced anxiety of Korean national wheelchair curling player. The result was that the EEG inter-hemispheric asymmetry index showed negative emotional states before psychological skill training but positive emotional states after. The result implies that psychological skill training plays an important mediating role in bringing about positive effects in the psychological elements and competitiveness in national wheelchair curling players.


Composite insulators are applied in electricity transmitting widely.However,the pressing out quality of insulators can not be inspected effectively all the while.Since Acoustic Emission(AE)signals can be brought out while the composite materials deforming,and AE characteristics are different at the different moment of deforming.By analyzing the AE characteristics,the pressing out quality of insulator can be set apart.Based on this theory,established a new quality inspecting instrument and also described the way to solve key problems of the hardware and software design.The result shows that this instrument based on AE technology is effective on quality inspection of composite insulator processing.


The purpose was to investigate the amount of skeletal and dentoalveolar changes after early treatment of Class II, Division 1 malocclusion with bionator appliance in prepubertal growing patients. Forty Class II patients (19 male and 21 female) were divided in two groups. Treated group consisted of 20 subjects (10 male and 10 female) treated consecutively with bionator. Mean age at the start of treatment (T0) was 9.1 years, while it was 10.6 years at the end of treatment (T1). Mean treatment time was 17.7 months. Pretreatment and post-treatment cephalometric records of treated group were evaluated and compared with a control group consisted of 20 patients (09 male and 11 female) with untreated Class II malocclusion. Intergroup comparisons were performed using Student's t-tests and chi-square test with Yates' correction at a significance level of 5 per cent. Bionator appliance was effective in generating differential growth between the jaws. Cephalometric skeletal measurements ANB, WITS, LAFH, Co-A and dental L6-Mp, U1.Pp, IsIi, OB, OJ showed statistically significantly different from the control. The bionator induced more dentoalveolar changes than skeletal during treatment in prepurbetal stage.


No. 121 — November 2006 more complex designs such as repeated measures ANOVA (for example, the almost always broken assumption of sphericity). The third section of the book introduces very simple nonparametric statistics, covering the same extremely limited ground as most other books. The final section covers advanced statistical applications, including multiple regression and factor analysis. The two chapters in this section that differ from many other similar books are those on meta-analysis and structural equation modelling. From the perspective of a research consumer, the former is of interest due to the prevalence of meta-analyses in the summarising of quantitative research. Structural equation modelling is also a useful addition. Many teachers of research eschew SEM due to its complexity. While the underlying mathematics are certainly complex, conceptually it is not beyond the grasp of advanced graduate students. Each chapter provides a minimum of formulae and avoids complex numerical computations. To some, this approach will appear to be the end of the world as we know it. But, in my experience, detailed examination of statistical formulae via hand computation leads to anxiety about arithmetic rather than a deepening of understanding of statistics for a majority of students. It is only after the anxiety is dealt with, and the student has a degree of facility with statistics, that a deepening in understanding can occur via such methods. This book adopts a conceptual rather than computational approach, and this is to be commended. In light of the conceptual approach, the book shows how to analyse data though the use of SPSS (Version 12) and Microsoft Excel. Each chapter has a final section illustrating the set-up and output of the techniques. If I had a complaint about the book, it is that the focus is on advanced applications that rely on normal distributions. There are many other widely used statistical models such as the logit model (leading to powerful techniques such as logistic regression) and other approaches that make sophisticated use of categorical data. Conceptually, these models are different but as understandable as those based on the general linear model, as most of the techniques presented in this book are. Inclusion of these other models will provide the basis for a much wider knowledge of statistical techniques from which to choose. — Stephen Cox, Australian Centre for Business Research, Queensland University of Technology


Resistive RAM is a promising, relatively new type of memory with fast switching characteristics. Metal chalcogenide films have been used as the amorphous semiconductor layer in these types of devices. The amount of crystallinity present in the films may be important for both reliable operation and increased longevity of the devices. Germanium sulfide films can be used for these devices, and a possible way to tune the crystalline content of the films is by substituting Sn for some of the Ge atoms in the film. Thin films of GexSnySz containing varying amounts of tin were deposited in a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition reactor. Films with 2%, 8%, 15%, 26%, and 34% atomic percentage Sn were deposited to determine crystallinity and structural information with XRD and Raman spectroscopy. Based on these depositions it was determined that at about 8% Sn content and below, the films were largely amorphous, and at about 26% Sn and above, they appeared to be largely crystalline. At 15% Sn composition, which is between 8% and 26%, the film is more a mixture of the two phases. Based on this information, current-voltage (IV) curves of simple memory switching devices were constructed at 5% Sn (in the amorphous region), at 25% Sn (in the crystalline region), and at 15% (in the mixed region). Based on the IV curves from these devices, the 15% composition gave the best overall switching behavior suggesting that a certain degree of order in the semiconductor layer is important for RRAM devices.


Abstract A small, portable 2-channel vibrotactile signalling unit is described. The unit is suitable for transmitting signals to each of 2 Sherrick-type vibrators. The design allows an experimenter to send coded signals to either 1 vibrator at a time, or to 2 vibrators simultaneously. The apparatus is powered by a small transformer (domestic mains outlet) and is normally operated in conjunction with 2 decade interval timers.


The present invention relates to the use of particular multi-layer structure of the front and / or back surface protection of the photovoltaic module including a photovoltaic cell that is covered by the sealing material sheet. Of the multi-layer structure includes a substrate, and a layer (A) and a layer (B) of the SiO The stack is selectively disposed on the other side of the substrate and the surface of the substrate toward the sealing material. The invention also relates to a photovoltaic module including the above-mentioned multi-layer structure on the front and / or back surface protective sheet.


The present disclosure, human IgG4 Fc domain, the trimerization domain, and a receptor binding domain of OX40 ligand, provides OX40L huIgG4 fusion polypeptide subunits, wherein the fusion polypeptide subunits, hexamer it is possible to self-assemble into protein. A method of preparing a fusion polypeptide subunits and hexamer protein, and methods of use, for example, methods of treating cancer are also provided. .FIELD 1


Twenty-five patients with thyreoglossal cysts were treated during a 7 years long period. Most of the cysts (in 64 of patients) were typically located between the hyoid bone and the thyreoid gland. The complete Sistrunk's operation was performed in 40% of the patients and 48% patients underwent an extirpation of thyroglossal cyst with a resection of the hyoid bone body. Three of the patients (12%) suffered a relapse. In one of the patients, this was due to the lateral cyst swapping and in two patients an incomplete extirpation of the ductus thyreoglossus remnant happened. In another patient, an iatrogenic hypothyreossis occurred. To avoid relapse, authors recommend to resect at least 10 mm of the hyoid body and 5 mm of the ductus thyreoglossus remnant behind the hyoid bone.


This study characterizes and quantifies the water requirement of the vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Jacks. ex Andrews) productionsystem in orange (Citrus sinensis L.) in the Totonacapan region, Veracruz, Mexico. The work was based on a hydrological andombrothermic balance of the region, which generally considers climatic aspects such as temperature, evaporation, relativehumidity and precipitation. The water needs and irrigation requirements of vanilla were determined accordingto the FAO-56 methodology and according to the estimation of Penman-Monteith current and potentialevapotranspirations and according the crop monthly development coefficients. Results indicate that eventhough the Totonacapan region is characterized as wet, a period of water deficit is identified, that extendsthroughout most of the year, affecting the critical period of vanilla bloom from April to June. Since someareas have higher rainfall, water requirements range from 851.7 to 1,345.3 mm for a year of vanillaproduction, which is reflected in the irrigation requirements, from 193.1 to 502.8 mm ofwater per year.


PURPOSE: A division marking device for a geological survey is provided to be fixed on the uneven or inclined ground without an inclination while workers check first and second inclinometers. CONSTITUTION: A division marking device(2) for a geological survey comprises a case unit(110), a fixing shaft unit(120), first and second division marking units(140,140'), and a drive pin unit(150). The fixing shaft unit is placed in a first inner space of the case unit, and divides the first inner space. The first and second division marking units are respectively placed at the upper and lower parts of the fixing shaft unit, and placed in the first inner space. The first and second division marking units are unwound out of the case unit, and comprise installation spots which guide first and second marking strings. The drive pin unit comprises a hitting rod, a support plate, and a drive pin. The support plate is formed on one end of the hitting rod to support the bottom of the case unit. The drive pin is extended from the support plate, and inserted into the land.


Purpose
This paper aims to provide an examination of how cell phone use and sexting are impacting society and our mental health.

Design/methodology/approach
Mental health risks are becoming prominent in this worldwide epidemic affecting children, teens and adults. Cell phones are problematic because of their addictive nature and associations with adverse mental health consequences.

Findings
Because of the mental health implications, it is important to study the prevalence, risk factors, effects, associations and treatment options for excessive cell phone use, including sexting.

Originality/value
This conceptual paper explores the impact of cell phone use and sexting on our mental health.


A fixed point iterative scheme is used for the simultaneous recovery of Lame parameters in linear
elasticity. Auxiliary problems principle applied to an output least-squares based regularized minimization problem results
in a strongly convergent iterative scheme. When the (coefficient-dependent) energy norm is used, the condition ensuring the strong
convergence are much milder and avoid any possibility of over-regularization.


... the critic, guided by personal predilection or more often by partisan conventionalism, will take some one procedure as his criterion or judgment and condemn all deviations from it as departures from art [read: research] itself. He then misses the point of all art, the unity of form and matter, and misses it because he lacks adequate sympathy, in his natural and acquired one-sidedness, with the immense variety of interactions between the live creature and his world. (p. 313)


Kayah State has faced prolonged conflict for the past six decades. The conflict has affected all the people of Kayah, though the nature and extent of the impact varies by age, gender and class. Caught between the ethnic armed groups and military and brutalized by both, the people of Kayah have struggled to survive. The conflict has further restricted the mobility of an already isolated people. This lack of mobility has affected every aspect of their lives including livelihood, access to education and markets, and religious and social networks. Women's mobility is more restricted than that of men, and the different levels of mobility have in turn led to different strategies to survive the conflict. While men can leave the area for work and education, women cannot. Staying in the conflict zone increases both their vulnerability and isolation. The increased isolation affects their position within the family and community, as they have less confidence, voice and decision-making power. Women use silence and submissiveness to escape from both the military and the ethnic armed groups. However, such strategies, in the long term, continue to perpetuate women's subordinate position in society. They also reinforce women's powerlessness and maintain the current power structures and hierarchies.


Every year about 26.14 million people enter the work force age group in India, out of which 90% are male and 30% are female out of which at least 16.16 million needs to opt for  skill training for next 7 years. In  about 104.62 million new entrants will enter the work force age group in the next 7 years that is by 2022. Besides  to add extra stress on the job market another 298.5 million of existing farm and non farm sector workforce will also needed to be skilled, reskilled and upskilled.  For providing skill development training and to develop entrepreneurship massive scale programme is needed.After realizing the paradigm shift in  the skilling and entrepreneurship  partnership in the country and after experiencing the implementation of various skill development programme it is now important to go through the details of existing policies which is an amalgamation of skill and entrepreneurship. Various Skill development programmes launched by the Central Government over the years in almost 20 ministries/ Departments . These programmes has resulted in massive change in curricula, certification courses etc. At state level various State Skill Development Missions ( SSDMs) have been launched that are promoting capacity building and empowerment leading to skill development. Various programmes are providing free training schemes to promote quality and employability


The effects of chronic ovarian steroid treatment on the secretory activity of individual lactotropes and the mechanisms modulating their responsiveness to dopamine (DA) were studied. Female rats were ovariectomized (OVX) and implanted with Silastic capsules containing progesterone (P4), 17ß), 17ß-estradiol (E2) or both E2 (E2+P4). Ten days after surgery, anterior pituitaries were enzymatically dispersed and the reverse hemolytic plaque assay (RHPA) was performed to assess the release of prolactin (PRL) from individual lactotropes. RHPA was combined with immunocytochemistry (ICC) for PRL, G·s or Gi·3/ G·o proteins. E2 treatment alone or in combination with P4 increased the percentage of immunoreactive lactotropes among anterior pituitary cells. Incidence of active (plaque-forming) lactotropes, however, was increased both in P4-, and E2-treated rats and E2+P4 treatment increased it even further. While P4 treatment did not affect the frequency distribution of lactotropes, both E2 and E2+P4 treatments increased the large plaque-forming lactotrope population. This increase was reflected by the significantly greater mean plaque areas of lactotropes from E2and E2+P4-treated rats compared to OVX or P4-treated animals. The responsiveness of lactotropes to DA from P4-treated rats did not differ from that of OVX rats: thus challenge with 1 ÌM DA inhibited the release of PRL, while 100 pM DA had no effect. E2 and E2+P4 treatments, however, profoundly changed the lactotrope's responsiveness: challenge with 1 ÌM DA had no effect and 100 pM DA resulted in moderate stimulation of PRL release in E2+P4 rats. Double-label ICC revealed that ovarian steroid treatments did not affect the expression of G·s in lactotropes. The incidence of Gi·3/G·o-immunoreactive lactotropes, however, decreased after E2 treatment, alone or in combination with P4. Although expression of G·s was similar in all plaque-forming cells regardless of plaque size, lactotropes expressing Gi·3/G·o were more likely to form small plaques in all treatment groups. These data suggest: (1) ovarian steroid treatment recruits quiescent lactotropes to release PRL; (2) E2 treatment alone or in combination with P4 increases the amount of PRL rleased by individual lactotropes; (3) E2-induced alterations in the frequency distribution and lactotrope responsiveness to DA may be due in part to a decreased expression of Gi·3/G·o. Received: February 2, 1998 Accepted after revision: May 25, 1998 Marc E. Freeman Biomedical Research Facility The Florida State University Tallahassee, FL 32306-4340 (USA) Tel. +1 850 644 3896, Fax +1 850 644 4583, E-Mail email@example.com ABC Fax + 41 61 306 12 34 E-Mail email@example.com www.karger.com © 1998 S. Karger AG, Basel Accessible online at: http://BioMedNet.com/karger Steroid Modulation of DA's Effect on Lactotropes Neuroendocrinology 1998;68:172–179 173 Introduction It is well known that secretion of prolactin (PRL) from lactotropes of the anterior pituitary gland is under predominantly inhibitory control by dopamine (DA) [1, 2]. However, the nature of DA's effect on lactotropes seems to be dependent on the dose of DA, since low concentrations of DA (1–100 pM) have been shown to stimulate the release of PRL while high doses of DA (0.1–1 ÌM ) inhibit the release of PRL [3–6]. Although cells of the adenohypophysis can express both D2-like (D2, D3, D4) and D1-like (D1, D5), receptor subtypes [7, 8], the preponderance of evidence supports the fact that D2-like receptors are the functional DA receptors of lactotropes [9]. D2 receptor antagonists have been shown to abolish both DA-induced inhibition and stimulation of PRL release [5], suggesting that the postreceptor signal transduction pathways of DA-induced inhibition and stimulation may diverge at the G-protein level. Indeed, DA-induced inhibition of the secretion of PRL was found to be mediated through Gi·3, while the stimulatory effect of DA on the secretion of PRL seems to be mediated by G·s [10, 11]. The circumstances under which DA activates one G-protein rather than another are not clearly understood. A wealth of evidence which suggests that ovarian steroids modulate the regulatory elements of PRL secretion both in the hypothalamus or directly on the lactotrope. Estradiol (E2) has been shown to (1) reduce the synthesis of DA in the tuberoinfundibular neurons by inhibiting the transcription [12], level of phosphorylation [13], and the enzymatic activity [14] of tyrosine hydroxylase, the ratelimiting enzyme of DA biosynthesis, (2) decrease the release of DA from the tuberoinfundibular neurons [15], and (3) functionally uncouple the D2 receptor from its effector systems [16, 17]. E2 also increases the proliferation and percentage of lactotropes which secrete PRL as well as the amount of PRL released [18]. Progesterone's (P4) role in regulating the secretion of PRL is more equivocal. P4 has been shown to decrease the tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA in the arcuate nucleus [19], and increases the ability to inhibit PRL release [20]. Recently, we have characterized ovarian steroid backgrounds which predicate lactotrope responsiveness to DA challenge. Specifically, lactotropes obtained from animals with long-term combined E2 and P4 treatments respond to DA challenge in a stimulatory fashion only [21, 22]. These data suggest that lactotrope responsiveness to DA is, at least in part, modulated by ovarian steroids. The present study was undertaken to examine the effects of chronic ovarian steroid treatments on two aspects of lactotrope physiology: (1) the responsiveness to DA challenge at the single cell level, and (2) the correlation between expression of G·s/G·i3 and secretory activity in lactotropes. Materials and Methods


The liquid membrane separation technique was regarded as an advanced and efficient means for the simultaneous extraction and pre-concentration of trace metal elements from aqueous solution.In this thesis,a water-in-oil type emulsion system consisting of 8% P-204,3% Span-80,0.5% paraffin and 88.5% kerosene vigorously mixed with 2.0 mol/L HCl as internal aqueous phase has been studied.The important parameters such as extracting time,stirring speed,feed phase pH,and the treatment ratio were considered.The results showed that the higher extraction effect could be obtained by using feed phase pH at 4.50,1:4 of treatment ratio,200 r/min stirring speed and extracting for 10 min.The research result proved that this method is of higher sensitivity,lower detection limit and wider working range.


The compact extragalactic radio source, 3C 371, was observed with the X-ray detectors of the EXOSAT satellite for 19.5 hours in 2 observing periods separated by 18 days. This resulted in the discovery of X-ray variability of the source on time scales between 8 hours and about 25 minutes and the confirmation of earlier reports of variability on longer time scales. The short time scale variability agrees remarkably well with earlier predictions based on fitting multifrequency data from the source to a relativistically beamed inhomogeneous synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) jet model. This SSC model is frequently applied to BL Lac objects and related sources, such as 3C 371. However, the number of free parameters in model fits tends to be large, and so independent support such as from this work is important. The X-ray spectral results for 3C 371 also may provide qualitative support for the SSC model in that the spectrum probably consists of two components, with the steeper one at low photon energies. In terms of the model, the low-energy spectrum would be dominated by synchrotron emission extending down to radio energies, whereas the higher energy X-rays would be dominated by Compton radiation.


The invention discloses an efficient extraction method of ulva polysaccharide. According to the method, extraction is carried out in a microwave heating manner. Compared with a traditional heating or ultrasonic extracting treatment mode, the extraction method has the advantages that the yield is improved, the energy consumption cost is reduced, and meanwhile, the extraction time can be effectively controlled.


In a basic water-alcohol mixing solution without any other toxically organic solvents, the single crystalline SnO2 nanorods with diameters of 4–15 nm and lengths of 100–200 nm were synthesized using SnCl4 as a precursor. The sensors fabricated from the nanorods exhibited the sensitivity of 31.4 for 300 ppm of ethanol. Both the response and recovery time are short, around 1 s. Moreover, a linear dependence of the sensitivity on the ethanol concentration was observed. These behaviors were well explained by considering the high surface-to-volume ratio of the nanorods.


The invention is directed to the use of a wetting agent having a boiling point higher than 100 DEG C and a viscosity lower than 500 mPa.s, wherein the wetting agent comprises water in an amount between 0 and 4.9 wt% based on the total weight of the wetting agent, for the lubrication of a hydrophilic polymer coating. The invention further relates to a medical device comprising a hydrophilic polymer coating that is wetted by a wetting agent, a method for the preparation of a medical device and a package comprising a medical device.


This article presents a programmable azote potential control system named HT9961N,also discusses the influence of carbonitriding temperature,time,quantity of ammonia supply and furnace pressure on 35CrMo steels immerged layer depth,surface hardness and hardness distributing. Finally the best parameters are acquired.


Variant thymoma lines have been described which exhibit a substantially increased level of HLA class I induction by IFN‐α, but not by IFN‐γ, and an unchanged response of other IFN‐α‐stimulated genes (Burrone et al., EMBO J. 1985. 4: 2855 – 2860). We report that their amplified response correlates with the nuclear translocation of Rel transcription factors upon prolonged treatment with IFN‐α. The variant cells contain an IκBα subset with a significantly shortened half‐life, and a constitutively active form of IκBα efficiently blocks HLA class I induction. Therefore, in addition to STAT‐mediated induction, prolonged exposure to IFN‐α can affect transcription involving Rel factors, which are implicated in the regulation of numerous immune response and viral genes.


We describe a case of actinomycosis of the tonsils. A 25-year-old male underwent repeated acute tonsillitis. The condition was easily recovered by oral medication of antibiotics, but soon recurred. Tonsillectomy was performed for radical treatment. The lesion was diagnosed as actinomycosis of the tonsil based on typical histopathological findings. The infection might have been weakened during oral medication of antibiotics but still persisted, and reactivated after the cessation of treatment. Tonsillectomy plays an important role in the diagnosis and removal of this condition.


This research studied on implementation of stocking goods and services electricly. E-Procurement is a breaktrough in public services to create accountability on stocking of goods and services. The object of which observed are stocking goods and services electricly at Yogykarta Municipality 2009. This research uses a case study method. The data obtained pass trough depth interview and document observation. The result of this research i.e Firstly, dimension fo ficibility in stocking of goods and services electricly at Yogyakarta Municipality 2009 pass trough regulative, administrative and techocratic, political, and needs society. Secondly, dimension of accountability on stocking of goods and services electricly at Yogyakarta Municipality 2009 pass trough regulative, political, and financial. Finally, implementation e-procurement at Yogyakarta Municipality 2009 is ficible but no accountable .


To simplify complex dobby fabric weave design,this paper uses a computer intelligent design method based on image processing which applies to different heddle numbers and different cycle numbers of warp and weft and can directly apply complex images to the design of dobby fabric weave. It processes images selected by users and transforms them into binary image,then determines the cycle number of warp and weft of fabrics,optimizes heddle numbers( control it within 22) with the model and algorithm of computer intelligent design according to the mathematical relationship among drafting plan,lifting plan and weave diagram of dobby fabric weave and generates the looming draft of weaving of dobby. It can be obtained from the comparison of fabric weave before and after the optimization of heddle number that images are basically consistent and do not have obvious change.


town of Lexington, where he enjoyed a high reputation. Removing to St. Louis, he occupied a prominent position among the dental practitioners of that city until his heath. In 1850, he received the degree of Doctor of Dental Surgery, from the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery. In an obituary notice, Dr. Judd speaks as follows of his former colleague, which all who were acquainted with the late Dr Peebles will endorse. "Dr Peebles was a man of great energy of character, and having early imbibed correct views in regard to dental education, he entered into the discussion of the educational questions of the day with spirit, and ceased only with his life to exert all his influence for bringing about a higher grade of literary and scientific attainments for the members of the dental profession. When the Missouri Dental College was organized, he entered upon the duties of a teacher in that Institution, which he filled with credit to himself and to the college, until his failing health admonished of the necessity of resigning a position, the onerous duties of which he was no longer able to perform. The organization of the Missouri State Dental Association was due to his


Mobile devices became powerful recently and wireless Internet access is becoming standard. One important class of networked, mobile applications are location based games, making extensive use of device sensors to adapt their application logic and user interface to the numerous, spontaneous and fast changing contexts. To simplify the developers' task of designing adaptable user interfaces, we propose the use of semantic user interface description. By going beyond formbased applications, we argue that the approach comes especially at hand when used in the context of modular reconfigurable mobile games: The interfaces fusion can simplify the generation of complex adaptable game UIs and form an integral aspect of a mobile game development kit.


Evaluating the hydrodynamic force fluctuations acting on each structure in a group of subsea objects of different cross-section shapes, sizes and relative positions represents a challenge due to the sensitivity of the vortex shedding process, especially for a variety of sheared flows. The present study uses the numerical 2D computational fluid dynamics model to estimate the flow-induced forces on a group of small circular and D-shaped cylinders in the linear and parabolic sheared flow, which are placed in proximity to a larger structure of the squared cross-section. This allows us to evaluate loads, which are affected by the presence of subsea equipment located on the seabed. The average Reynolds number of the considered linear flow profile is 3900, while the parabolic flow profile has the maximum Reynolds number of 3900. The k-ω SST turbulence model is used for simulations. The work demonstrates the effect of the cross-sectional shape of smaller cylinders on hydrodynamic coefficients, explores the effect from the spacing in between the structures and highlights differences between loads in the linearly sheared and parabolic flow. The results obtained show that the presence of the squared cylinder notably influences the mean drag coefficient on the first cylinder, for both circular and D-shaped cylinders. The parabolic sheared flow profile in this series leads to the highest mean drag and the highest amplitudes of the fluctuating drag and lift coefficients.


A new novel fully-differential charge pump was designed in this paper, differential input and differential output was used in this circuit. The differential output circuit not only reduced the voltage noise created by leakage current, but also increased the ascending/descending speed to improve the speed of PLL further and enlarged the range of output voltage. In the differential input, positive feedback circuit was used to increase the switching speed and attain low power. The circuits of pump-up and pump-down are symmetric to overcome the disadvantage of charge/discharge current mismatches.


In this paper the problem of close target reconnaissance by a formation of 3 unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is considered. The overall close target reconnaissance (CTR) involves subtasks of avoiding obstacles or no-fly-zones, avoiding inter-agent collisions, reaching a close vicinity of a specified target position, and forming an equilateral triangular formation around the target. The UAVs performing the task fly at constant speeds. A decentralized control scheme is developed for this overall task considering unidirectional sensing/control architecture. Relevant analysis and simulation test results are provided.


To find the direct defense of seedling resistance of common beans, by resistant mechanisms, morphological and physiological attributes of ten cultivars (Naz, Dorsa, Akhtar,KS41128, 65-062-107, 65-071-98, 65-071-306, 65-071-410, 65-071-400, and 65-071-405) were evaluated against two-spotted spider mite in 2017 at Bu-Ali Sina university, Hamedan, Iran. Among four kinds of resistant mechanisms such as antixenosis, antibiosis, tolerant tests and PRI index, both antixenosis and tolerance mechanisms determined to be the most accurate tests in the evaluating of common bean resistance against TSSM attack. Germination delay, development and fast growth, early maturity, erected posture, small cotyledon area, the more leaf thickness along with the dark-colored demonstrated were the escape mechanisms of common beans tolerant genotypes against TSSM attack. Some epidermal traits such as the first defense barrier on common bean like hook-shaped and high density of trichome especially on abaxial epidermis by having trapping behavior showed high relation with tolerant genotypes. In fact, in tolerant beans, related-traits to trichome on leaves entrapped the body parts of TSSM such as leg tarsi, mouthpart and ovipositor and prevented to move, feed and reproduction of mites and therefore, these features decreased damage to leaf area of Phaseolus vulgaris as well. The 65-071-98, 65-062-107 genotypes and NAZ, were certainly categorized as the most tolerant cultivars while Akhtar and 65-071-400 were introduced as the most susceptible accessions of common beans, respectively.


This work is focused on the design of a Displacement amplifier Compliance Mechanism, with the incorporation of a structure like a Pantograph (DaCMP). This structure is applied to a Capacitive Accelerometer of Extended Beams (CAEB) of a middle size, generating a CAEB-DaCMP system. The response of the reduced mass accelerometer, or CAEB, was also improved by incorporating symmetrical arms, which consists of sectioning the total length of each arm into 6 segments and changing the width of 4 of these in proportion 8/10 of the total width. An improvement in displacement and frequency parameters of CAEB-DaCMP, with symmetrical arms, was obtained, with respect to the half-size CAEB, of 178.45% in displacement and a 12.07% in frequency. An improvement in displacement (27.68%) was obtained comparing the CAEB-DaCMP, with symmetric arms, with respect to the original CAEB-DaCM system previously reported, with a slight decrease in frequency (7.25%).


Submitted to the VI International Workshop on Human Resource Management 17-18 May, 2007, Jerez de la Frontera, Spain WORK SITUATION OF PUBLIC SECTOR EXPATRIATES Jan Selmer Aarhus School of Business Charles R. Fenner, Jr. State University of New York at Canton


Practice teaching course in teacher education is a part of the teacher education course system.After reflecting on malpractice exists currently,we have done some research on the construction of the practice teaching course in teacher education.It is suggested that we should first re-establish the status of practice teaching course in teacher education.Secondly,we should construct the teaching practice course system as a whole.Thirdly,strategies of the curriculum implementation should be made on teaching practice course in teacher education.


This article is the result of research developed together with teachers working in public schools in the cities of Natal and Macaiba in the state of Rio Gran...


Purpose – The purpose of this commentary is to discuss environmental uncertainty and to illustrate the value of scenario planning for small to medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) operating in a volatile environment.Design/methodology/approach – The literature regarding strategy formulation, environmental uncertainty and scenario planning is reviewed and considered in the context of managerial decision making.Findings – Given the way managers learn to "know" what is happening in their business environment, scenario planning can be adapted for use by SME owner/managers.Originality/value – Although scenario planning was developed for use by large companies, this paper illustrates that it can be used by smaller firms.


A lead assembly adapted for endocardial fixation to a human heart is provided. The lead assembly includes a lead body that has a proximal end provided with a connector for electrical connection to a cardiac stimulator. The cardiac stimulator may be a pacemaker, a cardioverter/defibrillator, or a sensing instrument. The distal end of the lead body is connected to a tubular electrode housing. The lead body consists of a noncoiled conductor cable surrounded by a coextensive insulating sleeve. In contrast to conventional leads, the lead body of the present invention does not require coiled conductor wires or an internal lumen. Manipulation of the lead body is via an external guide tube. Lead body diameters of 0.25 mm or smaller are possible.


We have cloned a full length novel zinc finger cDNA of the Kruppel family from human fetal brain cDNA library. Sequence analysis indicates that ZNF303 contains 7 highly conserved zinc finger motifs at the C terminus and a KRAB(Kruppel associated box)domain at the N terminus of the deduced protein.Hybridization using gene chip of hepatic cancer tissue demonstrates the expressive amount in hepatic cancer tissue is lower than control. We hypothecate that the decreasing of expression amount is related to the formation and metastasis of hepatic cancer.Finally,we show that ZNF303 maps on human chromosome 19q13.2 by radiation hybrid.


TPS2086 Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and most aggressive primary brain tumor. More than 300,000 new cases are diagnosed globally with over 250,000 deaths each year (Sung H, et al. CA Cancer J Clin. 2021). Patients with recurrent GBM have a poor prognosis, with limited treatment options and a median survival of less than 1 year (Gallego. Curr Oncol, 2015). While prior attempts to treat GBM with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells have been limited by tumor heterogeneity, chlorotoxin (CLTX)-directed CAR T-cells in mice demonstrated broad anti-tumor activity and prolonged survival with no off-tumor toxicity or antigen escape (Wang, et al. Sci Transl Med, 2020). CLTX, a 36–amino acid peptide identified in scorpion venom, selectively binds to malignant glioma cells through matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2) and clinical administration of CLTX-based biologics has been well tolerated in patients (Mamelak, et al. J Clin Oncol, 2005, Patil, et al. Neurosurgery, 2019). CHM 1101 is the first CAR T to utilize CLTX as its tumor targeting domain for autologous CAR T-cell therapy. A single-center first-in-human phase 1 study of CHM 1101 in patients with recurrent GBM is ongoing. Methods: Clinical Trial NCT05627323 is a phase 1b, multi-center study of CHM 1101 in adult subjects with MMP2+ recurrent or progressive GBM after standard therapy. After leukapheresis and tumor resection, pts will receive CHM 1101 at Dose Level 1 (240 × 106 CAR T cells) or Dose Level 2 (440 x 106d CAR T-cells), divided across 3 once-weekly intracranial (intracavitary and intraventricular) administrations; after disease assessment at 28 days, additional doses of CHM 1101 can be administered on a weekly schedule. Eligible subjects have a prior histologically confirmed diagnosis of a grade 4 GBM, a grade 2 or 3 malignant glioma with radiographic progression consistent with a grade 4 GBM (IDH wild type), grade 4 diffuse astrocytoma (IDH mutant), or a unifocal relapse of GBM. MMP2+ tumor expression is confirmed by IHC (≥20% moderate/high MMP2 score [2+ or 3+]). The primary endpoint is safety; key secondary endpoints include feasibility, progression-free survival, overall survival, response rate (RANO criteria), and cellular kinetics. Recruitment is ongoing. Clinical trial information: NCT05627323 .


As the first cancer-causing human virus identified, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been implicated in the development of a wide range of B cell lymphoproliferative disorders, a subset of T/NK cell lymphomas, and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders. We made use of the immunological data on EBV available through publications, technical reports, and databases and constructed Epstein-Barr virus T cell Antigen Database (EBVdb). EBVdb contains 2622 curated antigen entries of EBV antigenic proteins, 610 verified T cell epitopes and 26 verified HLA ligands. The data were subject to extensive quality control (redundancy elimination, error detection, and vocabulary consolidation). A set of computational tools for in-depth analysis, such as sequence comparison using BLAST search, multiple alignments of antigens, T cell epitope/HLA ligand visualization, T cell epitope/HLA ligand conservation analysis, and sequence variability analysis, have been integrated within the EBVdb. Predicted Class I and Class II HLA-binding peptides for 15 common HLA alleles are included in this database as putative targets. EBVdb seamlessly integrates curated data and information with tailored analysis tools to facilitate data mining for EBV vaccinology and immunology. EBVdb is a unique data source providing a comprehensive list of EBV antigens and peptides and is publicly available at http://projects.met-hilab.org/ebv/.


Uveitis is a serious complication of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Approximately 6% of all cases of uveitis occur in children, and up to 80% of all cases of anterior uveitis in childhood are associated with JIA. Although remarkable progress has been made in the care of patients with JIA-associated uveitis since the development of corticosteroids for systemic and ophthalmic use in the 1950's, up to 12% of children with uveitis associated with pauciarticular JIA still develop permanent blindness as a result of low-grade chronic intraocular inflammation. Ironically, these children are often under careful observation by ophthalmologists who may opt to tolerate low-grade ocular inflammation, hoping to avoid the development of corticosteroid-induced ocular adverse effects such as cataracts and glaucoma. The vision-robbing consequences of low-grade uveitis occur extremely slowly, typically over a period of 4 to 8 years, and the end result is clear: even low-grade uveitis may lead eventually to ocular damage, including band keratopathy, maculopathy (macular edema, macular cysts, epiretinal membrane), glaucomatous optic neuropathy, and cataract formation from chronic inflammation and corticosteroid therapy. Although surgical treatment of cataract and glaucoma is remarkably successful in the general population, it is consistently less so in patients with JIA-associated uveitis.


The average prompt-fission-neutron multiplicity $\bar{\nu}$ is of significance in the areas of nuclear theory, nuclear nonproliferation, and nuclear energy. In this work, the surrogate-reaction method has been used for the first time to indirectly determine $\bar{\nu}$ for $^{239}$Pu($n$,$f$) via $^{240}$Pu($\alpha$,$\alpha^{\prime}f$) reactions. A $^{240}$Pu target was bombarded with a beam of 53.9-MeV $\alpha$ particles. Scattered $\alpha$ particles, fission products, and neutrons were measured with the NeutronSTARS detector array. Values of $\bar{\nu}$ were obtained for a continuous range of equivalent incident neutron energies between 0.25--26.25~MeV, and the results agree well with direct neutron measurements.


Effective therapy for pharmacoresistant epilepsy is an unmet clinical need. Pharmacologically, there are two logical approaches: super‐antiictogenic drugs (SAIDs) or antiepileptogenic agents. However, can either of these agents be successfully designed and developed? Designing SAIDs or antiepileptogenics will require applying the techniques of twenty‐first century drug design to this ancient "sacred disease." Before this task can be effectively realized, five fundamental needs will first have to be addressed: need for antiepileptogenic drug targets, need for druggable targets for SAIDs, need for new drug molecule platforms, need for new and relevant animal models, and need for innovative funding strategies.


In order to explore mobile applications of kinesthetic cues, we recently developed a system for generating kinesthetic cues on the user's back. Carrying on from that work, in this paper we present a completely redesigned system that utilizes a pair of reaction wheels to generate torques on the system which in-turn are perceived by the user as directed force cues being delivered to their back. It is a wearable device that wirelessly takes commands from a PC and can generate leftward and rightward directed cues. The system was tested with healthy adults with two distinct objectives. The first was to determine how well they can perceive the cues and also to determine the effect of training on cue perception. The second was to determine the effect on standing balance of directed force cues delivered as biofeedback by the system. The results show that the device can effectively deliver directed kinesthetic cues to the user without becoming a source of discomfort, and biofeedback delivered through this system aids in maintaining balance. Thus, it is indicated that the device presented here is a viable means of delivering directed kinesthetic cues to a user and thus warrants further exploration of its possible applications.


Abstract In this paper we have reported the X-ray diffraction studies of (—)-2-methyl butyl p-(N-(P-methoxy benzylidene) amino) cinnamate at different temperatures. On the basis of X-ray diffraction and texture study the substance is found to have the crystallisation path (phase transition) as given below Solid X-ray diffraction patterns were recorded on a Laue camera with high-temperature attachment. The temperatures were measured and regulated (within ± 0.5°C) with a thermocouple inserted in the block. Textures at different temperatures were observed under polarising microscope with hot base. Apparent molecular length, thickness of the layers and average distance between the molecules at different temperatures have been calculated. From X-ray diffraction pattern and also from microscopy smectic A and smectic B phases have been identified.


The challenges for agriculture in the coming decades will be to meet the world's increasing demand for food in a sustainable manner. India has been targeting a growth rate of more than 4% in agriculture, but the actual achievement has been much below the target. Concerned by the slow growth in the agriculture and allied sectors, the National Development Council resolved that a special additional central assistance scheme (Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana, RKVY) be launched in May 2007. In case of wheat crop, the Korea district produced only 17110 tonnes of wheat grains from 14.5 thousand ha area of land, with a productivity of 11.80 qha−1 against the State productivity of 12.10 qha−1. Taking into account the above points, a study was carried out in the district Korea belonging to the northern hill region of Chhattisgarh by Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Korea, during the Rabi season of 2010–11. The cultivar HD-2932 of wheat crop, suitable for late-sown semi-irrigated conditions, was selected for the investigation. Suitable sites of 0.40 ha area each were selected at 12 locations of the district based on the information collected at personal visits and group meetings to test the sample of wheat crop under the RKVY programme. The data on output were recorded from both demonstrated as well as control plots and, finally, the extension gap, technology gap and technology index along with the benefit-cost ratio were computed. The variety HD-2932 performed better (average yield 19.42 qha−1) compared with the control (average yield 13.15 qha−1) at all the locations. The extension gap was found to be 3.89–9.32 qha−1 and the technology gap varied between 19.28 and 22.31 qha−1 at all the locations. The technology index (48.20–55.78) reveals that its lower value is also feasible rather than the higher value.


During the reconstruction of Tianshengqiao-Guangzhou DC control protection system in 2010,in order to meet the requirements of emergency switch off sequence and power-limited strategy,a design scheme of the secondary circuits is proposed to achieve the ESOF strategy in Guangzhou-Beijiao LineⅠand Line Ⅱ.The scheme can trustworthily realize the tripping information transmission when switch tripping incidents occured in various situations.In addition,the tripping circuit for three phase inconsistant protection is designed as a circuit isolated from the circuits such as that for line protection,charging protection,or overcurrent protection and so on,and thus this isolated circuit has expansion space.


One of the important characteristics of topological phases of matter is the topology of the underlying manifold on which they are defined. In this paper, we present the sensitivity of such phases of matter to the underlying topology, by studying the phase transitions induced due to the change in the boundary conditions. We claim that these phase transitions are accompanied by broken symmetries in the excitation space and to gain further insight we analyze various signatures like the ground state degeneracy, topological entanglement entropy while introducing the open-loop operator whose expectation value effectively captures the phase transition. Further, we extend the analysis to an open quantum setup by defining effective collapse operators, the dynamics of which cool the system to distinct steady states both of which are topologically ordered. We show that the phase transition between such steady states is effectively captured by the expectation value of the open-loop operator.


The wide application of machine learning technology promotes the generation of ML-as-a-Service(MLaaS), which is a serverless computing paradigm for rapidly deploying a trained model as a serving. However, it is a challenge to design an inference system that is capable of coping with large traffic for low latency and heterogeneous neural networks. It is difficult to adaptively configure multilevel parallelism in existing cloud inference systems for machine learning servings, particularly if the cluster has accelerators, such as GPUs, NPUs, FPGAs, etc. These issues lead to poor resource utilization and limit the system throughput. In this paper, we propose and implement a high-throughput inference system called WidePipe, which WidePipe leverages reinforcement learning to co-adapt resource allocation and batch size of request according to device status. We evaluated the performance of WidePipe for a large cluster with 1000 neural processing units in 250 nodes. Our experimental results show that WidePipe has a 2.11× higher throughput than current inference systems when deploying heterogeneous machine learning servings, meeting the service-level objectives for the response time.


M. Kazim Bacchus, Education for Economic, Social and Political Development in the British Colonies from 1896 to 1945, Ontario: The Althouse Press, 2005, vii + 322 pp.Bacchus's book is the product of many years of research, dating back to the 1970s, and is the third volume resulting from that research. The work comprises twelve well-written chapters, a preface, and an introductory overview, fittingly written by Professor Carl Campbell, until recently a member of the Department of History and Archaeology, University of the West Indies, Mona Campus. He himself is an authority on the history of education in the Commonwealth Caribbean.Professor Bacchus casts himself in the role of a data collector, with a difference. He is not merely satisfied with reporting the data as collected, but has presented a fairly in-depth analysis of the political, economic and sociological variables that have determined the direction in which education in the former British Caribbean has gone between 1896 and 1945. Throughout the book there is the recurring theme: political and social considerations were paramount in the minds of the imperial policy-makers as they sought to develop an educational system in the British Caribbean aimed at maintaining their dominance and the relegation of the majority population to manual and menial tasks. Professor Bacchus aptly elucidates this theme in the section entitled "Education as a Means of Legitimizing Colonial Rule". He observes that "These [educational] programmes were expected to lay the foundation for a continuous, even if graduated, rate of economic growth for the region" (p. 22). The imperial government's position was that most Caribbean persons would eventually have to earn their living by cultivating the land. One general aim of colonial education, then, was to serve a moral function in developing in the young British West Indians a positive attitude to manual labour, while at the same time reinforcing British dominance over all aspects of colonial life. To enhance this policy the educational system placed an over-reliance on British texts. This approach, Bacchus argues, has had an adverse effect on the region's educational system.The book discusses the main features of British Caribbean education, based upon a system during most of the period under review in which (as noted above) the labouring population would be equipped with the skills and discipline necessary for them to earn their living by cultivating the land and/or becoming a more conscientious proletariat (p. 20). Thus, the system placed strong emphasis on technical and agricultural education, which involved the establishment of 4-H or Young Farmers' Clubs. In order to develop this discipline in manual labour, the fostering of moral principles and social values was desirable. This "moral function was to develop in students a positive attitude towards manual labour" (p. 36), while the socializing functions were to get the population to accept the existing structure of authority (p. 37).The work is well structured and themes flow fairly logically. …