Inshore marine seascapes support a diversity of interconnected habitats and are an important focus for biodiversity conservation. This study examines the importance of habitat attributes to fish assemblages across a mosaic of inshore habitats: coral reefs, rocky reefs, macroalgae beds, and sand/rubble beds. Fishes and benthic habitats were surveyed at thirty four sites around continental islands of the central Great Barrier Reef using Baited Remote Underwater Video Stations (BRUVS). Species richness was influenced foremost by habitat type, and also by structural complexity within habitat types. The most speciose assemblages occurred in coral and rocky reef habitats with high structural complexity, provided by the presence of coral bommies/overhangs, boulders, and rock crevices. However, macroalgae and sand/ rubble beds also supported unique species, and so contributed to the overall richness of fish assemblages in the seascape. Most trophic groups had positive associations with complexity, which was the most important predictor for abundance of piscivorous fishes and mobile planktivores. There was significant differentiation of fish assemblages among habitats, with the notable exception of coral and rocky reefs. Species assemblages overlapped substantially between coral and rocky reefs, which had 60% common species, despite coral cover being lower on rocky reefs. This suggests that, for many species, rocky and coral substrates can provide equivalent habitat structure, emphasizing the importance of complexity in providing habitat refuges, and highlighting the contribution of rocky reefs to habitat provision within tropical seascapes. Our results support an emerging recognition of the collective value of habitat mosaics in inshore marine ecosystems. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


Much of the research in data mining and knowledge discovery has focused on the development of efficient data mining algorithms. Researchers and practitioners have developed data mining techniques to solve diverse real-world data mining problems. But there is no single source that identifies which techniques solve what problems and how, the advantages and limitations, and real-life use-cases. Lately, identifying data mining techniques and corresponding problems that they solve has drawn significant attention. In this paper, the author describes the progress made in developing data mining techniques and then classify them in terms of data mining problems taxonomy to help assist practitioners in using appropriate data mining techniques that solve business problems. This will allow researchers to expand the body of knowledge in this discipline. This article proposes a data mining problems taxonomy based on data mining techniques being used. Prominent data mining problems include classification, optimization, prediction, partitioning, relationship, pattern matching, recommendation, ranking, sequential patterns and anomaly detection. The data mining techniques that are used to solve these data mining problems in general fall under top 10 data mining algorithms.


Data access control is an effective way to ensure the data security in the cloud. However, due to data outsourcing and untrusted cloud servers, the data access control becomes a challenging issue in cloud storage systems. In a multi-authority Attribute Based Encryption scheme, multiple attribute-authorities monitor different sets of attributes and issue corresponding decryption keys to users, and encryptors can require that a user obtain keys for appropriate attributes from each authority before decrypting a message. Ciphertext-Policy Attribute Based Encryption (CP-ABE) is a promising cryptographic primitive for fine-grained access control of shared data. In CP-ABE, each user is associated with a set of attributes and data are encrypted with access structures on attributes. A user is able to decrypt a ciphertext if and only if his attributes satisfy the ciphertext access structure. An important issue of attribute revocation is cumbersome for CP-ABE schemes. This challenging issue is considering by more practical scenarios in which semi-trustable on-line proxy servers are available. The proposed solution enables the multi-authority to revoke user attributes with minimal effort. This is achieve by uniquely integrating the technique of proxy re-encryption with CP-ABE, and enable the authority to delegate most of laborious tasks to proxy servers. The proposed scheme is provably secure against chosen ciphertext attacks.


A CW radio propagation experiment was conducted in the ionosphere with the Viking 5 rocket, launched at 10:18 hours MST on November 21, 1950, at the White Sands Proving Ground, New Mexico. Ordinary and extraordinary indices of refraction at 4.274 Mc were measured in the region surrounding the rocket. From these basic data, it was possible to determine the electron density continuously from 95 to 165 km and to show that the Lorentz polarization term should not be used at 4 Mc. In addition, the rapid decay to extinction of the extraordinary ray between 136 and 142 km was used to compute a value of 0.488 oersted for the earth's magnetic field at 139 km and to set an upper limit of 104 per second for the electron collision frequency at 139 km.

The results of the Viking flight and also those of previous flights indicate a rapid increase in electron density beginning at 92 km and ending near 110 km. Between 110 and 165 km, the Viking data show that the electron density increased very slowly from 1.3×105 el/cc to 1.8× 05 el/cc. This distribution and similar evidence previously obtained suggest that during the daytime the E-layer probably remains dense up to the F-layers.


Until fairly recently there was no standard form prescribed for the making of an application for planning permission. Each local planning authority could provide its own form for doing so. This led to a variation in the amount of information required by each authority, and was a concern for large-scale developers, such as volume house builders, where development projects could involve applications being made to many different local planning authorities.


An investigation was made to distinguish five rice varieties with PEN2 electronic nose.The matched experiment factors including the sample mass,headspace volume and generated time were studied.The response signals of electronic nose(e-nose) were analyzed in various sampling conditions by single-factor analysis of variance.The results showed that the signals of e-nose were stable under the condition with the sample mass of 10 g,headspace volume of 200 mL and the generated time of 60 min.Then the data were analyzed with principal component analysis method(PCA),linear discrimination analysis method(LDA).The consistent results by LDA and PCA revealed that the grain and polished rice were superior to brown rice and cooked rice to identify at the same time.As a result,the different varieties of rice were classified precisely by e-nose,which confirmed that e-nose technique was a general detection for the comprehensive volatile substance with high content,thus it afforded the experimental data based on e-nose technique for rice odor detection.


-Natal dispersal and lek fidelity (attendance within and between years) of Sage Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) were studied on Cold Spring Mountain, northwestern Colorado, from July 1981 through May 1984. Female Sage Grouse followed the typical avian pattern of dispersing farther than males. However, there was no difference between proportions of male and female yearling grouse attending the lek closest to their juvenile banding location. Fifteen percent of all individually marked juveniles (24/157 birds) were known to have attended leks as yearlings. There was no difference between yearling and adult lek attendance rates for either sex; however, females attended leks less often than males. Yearling females, but not yearling males, visited 2 or more leks more often than adults. These differences may be related to yearlings' inexperience with breeding or to a strategy to enhance reproductive success. Received 9 July 1984, accepted 6 March 1985. DISPERSAL has a major role in population regulation (Lidicker 1962, Krebs et al. 1976) and distribution (Taylor and Taylor 1977). It also may have a role in the evolution of song dialects (Baker and Mewaldt 1978), mating systems (Greenwood 1980), and the stability of local populations (Reddingius and den Boer 1970). Despite its potential importance, studies of avian dispersal are few; most research has investigated fall movements, not movement from natal to initial breeding areas. There have been even fewer studies of dispersal of avian species that may show exceptions to the general pattern of greater female than male dispersal. Greenwood (1980) proposed that both femalebiased dispersal and monogamy can be a consequence of a resource-defense mating system. Bird species with lek mating systems may be exceptions to Greenwood's hypothesis because males do not appear to defend resources required by females. If there is a relationship among the intensity and direction of sexual selection, mating systems, and natal dispersal patterns (Oring and Lank 1982), then Sage Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) are an ideal species in which to study dispersal because they exhibit some of the greatest variation in male mating success among 2 Present address: Department of Zoology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada. lekking species (Payne 1984: 8). Here we describe natal dispersal and lek fidelity (attendance within and between years, and movements between leks) of a population of Sage Grouse in northwestern Colorado. We examined female Sage Grouse to determine whether they follow the typical avian pattern of dispersing farther than males. We also present data on the natal philopatry of yearling grouse (birds 8-10 months old) and relate their patterns of dispersal and lek fidelity to recent hypotheses concerning lek mating systems. STUDY AREA AND METHODS The study was conducted on Cold Spring Mountain (2,622 m) in northwestern Moffat County, Colorado and adjacent parts of Wyoming and Utah from July 1981 through June 1983 and on 3 days in April and May 1984. The study area is semiarid sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) rangeland with interspersed quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) and pinyon pine (Pinus edulis)-Utah juniper (Juniperus osteosperma) stands, and meadows. Lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) and Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) occur above 2,620 m on Middle Mountain (2,904 m) and Diamond Peak (2,909 m) near the Wyoming border. Sage Grouse studies have been conducted on the area since 1978. From 120 to more than 300 juvenile Sage Grouse have been banded during July and August each year. In 1981 and 1982, juvenile grouse were captured and individually marked with numbered aluminum bands and unique combinations of colored plastic bands. Drive traps, a bumper-mounted cannon net, 621 The Auk 102: 621-627. July 1985 This content downloaded from 126.96.36.199 on Mon, 03 Oct 2016 05:16:17 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms 622 DUNN AND BRAUN [Auk, Vol. 102 and spotlighting with long-handled nets were used to capture grouse (Giesen et al. 1982). Captured birds were classified to sex and age by wing molt and primary length (Beck et al. 1975). Lek searches were made at least 5 days/week during late March through May 1982 and 1983 for birds individually banded during those springs and in previous summers. Lek searches also were made on 3 days in 1984 (22 April, 8 and 9 May) to observe changes in the leks where birds displayed during 1982 to 1984. We recorded observations of marked birds on leks and calculated straight-line dispersal distances between the juvenile banding location and the lek on which the bird was observed displaying (attended) as a yearling. The banding location was used as an approximation of a juvenile's natal area since most juveniles were marked before long-distance (>2 km) movements took place (Wallestad 1971; unpubl. data). For birds that attended more than one lek, the lek attended most frequently or where mating occurred was used in calculating dispersal distances. Lek attendance was calculated as the number of days that a bird was observed on a lek divided by the total days that males or females, depending on the sex of the particular bird, were observed on the lek multiplied by 100. Attendance was corrected for birds captured during each spring breeding season (26 adult males, 5 adult females, 5 yearling males) by subtracting the number of days of the respective sex's days of lek attendance prior to the bird's capture from the denominator. For example, adult male #9947 was captured and banded on Gee Flats Lek on 11 April 1983 after 6 days of lek observations during which males were seen. Therefore, the total days that males were seen on Gee Flats (37) minus the days prior to banding (6) equaled the number of days (31) in the denominator. Lek attendance for bird #9947 was 18 days seen on the lek . 31 = 58%. Total recruitment, defined as the number of birds entering the breeding population, was estimated by dividing the number of marked yearlings seen on leks each spring by the total number of juveniles banded the previous summer. Recruitment was adjusted for known mortality by subtracting hunter harvest and known predation from the number of banded juveniles. Recruitment rates of yearling grouse to each lek were first divided by the number of potential recruits (the number of juveniles assigned to a natal-area lek) to correct for differential marking, then expressed as grouse per hour to correct for differing observation times at leks, and, finally, divided by the maximum number of males observed on leks to express recruitment rates on a per-male basis. References to "grouse h-I male-"' refer to this relative recruitment rate. The natal-area lek of a juvenile grouse was defined as the lek closest to the capture location of the bird. Estimates of the percentage of marked grouse returning to their natal-area lek as yearlings may have been biased by unequally distributed summer banding efforts and lek observations in spring. Therefore, we present natal-lek attendance rates for only 2 leks (Gee Flats, Beaver Basin) around which we banded at least 50 juveniles whose capture location was closer to one of these leks than to any other lek (i.e. juveniles that were assigned one of these leks as their natal-area lek). All other leks on the study area either had no juveniles assigned to them or were observed on only a few mornings late in the breeding season. Statistical tests were considered significant at the 0.05 probability level; all tests were 2-tailed.


Every student has learning styles for receive information, but it tend at one of learning styles. The teacher should be using the student's learning style with learning strategies. The background of this research is lack of implementation of learning strategies. The solution to solve this problem is to implement contextual learning strategy based VAK learning styles (Visual, Auditory, Kinesthetic). The population of this research is all students in grade VII at SMPN 34 Padang of academic year 2015/2016. The sample of this research use purposive sampling. Data of this reseach is the competence of science students as competence attitudes, knowledge and skill. The instrument this research is written test, observation sheet and performance assessment sheet. Data analysis on the competense of khowledge, spiritual, social and skill use equality test two averages with t' is 3,8186; 2,224; 3,3987; 3,316 while for t table is  2,0792; 6,575; 5,0372; 1,593. based on the hypothesis is concluded that there are significant means the implementation of contextual learning strategy based VAK learning styles (Visual, Auditory, Kinesthetic) on achievement of the knowledge and skills competence of students in grade VII at SMPN 34 Padang and there is no influence means the implementation of contextual learning strategy based VAK learning styles (Visual, Auditory, Kinesthetic) on achievement of the spiritual and skill competence of students in grade VII at SMPN 34 Padang


We study the optimal sampling set selection problem in sampling a noisy $k$ -bandlimited graph signal. To minimize the effect of noise when trying to reconstruct a $k$ -bandlimited graph signal from $m$ samples, the optimal sampling set selection problem has been shown to be equivalent to finding a $m\times k$ submatrix with the maximum smallest singular value, $\sigma_{\min}$ [3]. As the problem is NP-hard, we present a greedy algorithm inspired by a similar submatrix selection problem known in computer science and to which we add a local search refinement. We show that 1) in experiments, our algorithm finds a submatrix with larger $\sigma_{\min}$ than prior greedy algorithm [3], and 2) has a proven worst-case approximation ratio of $1/(1+\epsilon)k$, where $\epsilon$ is a constant.


Objective: Early diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) slows disease progression and reduces mortality; yet screening for CKD is sparse in clinical practice. Contrary, screening for CKD risk factors like hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are included in clinical practice guidelines in most countries. Therefore, an opportunity exists to implement CKD screening as a by-product of these existing screening programmes. To evaluate the viability of CKD screening, we used the South African Diabetes Prevention Programme (SA-DPP) to assess the yield of CKD cases. Design and method: The SA-DPP was conducted across 16 resource-poor communities in Cape Town, South Africa, between 2017 and 2019. Participants, aged 25–65 years, were recruited by random and self-selected sampling techniques. The African diabetes risk score (ADRS), which is a screening tool comprising non-laboratory-based variables including age, waist circumference and the presence of hypertension, was used to identify adults at high risk for T2DM. Those at high-risk were invited for confirmatory oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Kidney function was estimated using the serum creatinine-based CKD Epidemiology Collaboration equation. CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of < 90 ml/min/1.73 m2 and/or albumin-to-creatinine ratio > 3 mg/mmol. Results: Of the 2039 individuals screened in the community, 690 participants deemed at high-risk of T2DM presented at the research clinic for an OGTT. Of these individuals, 9.6% (n = 66) had diabetes and 18.1% (n = 125) had CKD, with 2.2% (n = 15) presenting with both CKD and T2DM. Most CKD cases were in the early stages of the disease, with 73.6% (n = 92), 17.6% (n = 22) and 7.2% (n = 9) presenting with stage 1–3, respectively. Of those with CKD stages 1–3, 72.8%, 68.2% and 44.5% had microalbuminuria, respectively with 27.2%, 31.8% and 11.1% presenting with macroalbuminuria. Most participants with early-stage CKD were overweight/obese (95.1%) and 47.0% had hypertension. Conclusions: By including markers of kidney function into the scope of markers collected in an existing disease screening programme, we were able to detect a great proportion of CKD cases. Therefore, by utilizing an opportunistic approach, people with early-stage CKD can be identified and appropriately treated.


Liquefaction may have large influence on performance of anchored quay walls and is important to include in seismic design. Design codes provide evaluation methods that provide hardly any insight in the actual development of excess pore pressures and the don't consider soil structure interaction. There is a need for tools that include these aspects, since performance based design principles are more often adopted in earth- quake engineering. In this research effects of excess pore pressures on dynamic earth pressures and dynamic behaviour of an anchored are investigated. Different evaluation methods are analysed on their performance. Initially prescribed pseudo-static methods in design codes are applied, followed by a dynamic analysis using finite element model PLAXIS. After a broad literature overview of available pseudo-static methods and sensitivity analysis. A case study in Akita Port is adopted where two similar anchored quay walls were both hit by the Nihonkai Chubu Earthquake in 1983. One quay wall survived the seismic event, the other suffered severe damage. Damage was related to occurrence of liquefaction in the backfill. Pseudo-static- and dynamic analyses are applied to assess both structures. Performance of both analyses is evaluated and effects of liquefaction are investigated. Pseudo-static analysis of the quay wall without liquefaction are, after reduction of the seismic coefficient, rea- sonably in correspondence with observations. Active earth pressures are well predicted, while passive earth pressures are overestimated. The relatively simple method is however suitable to give a first indication of failure/non-failure of the structure. On the other hand the pseudo-static method is not capable to realisti- cally include effects of excess pore pressures. Large stiffness differences between layers lead to exaggerated bending moments and displacements, again passive resistance is overestimated. Since Mononobe-Okabe is a limit equilibrium method, it is not well able to capture progressive failure. By performing a dynamic analysis, using the finite element model PLAXIS, insight is obtained in the actual soil structure interaction. The Hardening Soil small strain (HSsmall) constitutive material model is adopted to model the static and dynamic behaviour of soil not vulnerable to liquefaction. A calibrated dynamic cal- culation lead to reasonable accurate for the case without liquefaction. Bending moment distribution and displacements are in line with observations. Different earthquake motions lead to relatively large spread in displacement of the structure, less differences are found for bending moment distribution. To include effects of liquefaction the user-defined UBC3D-PLM constitutive material model is assigned to potential liquefiable layers. Liquefaction resistance depends on the type of soil and on the stress state of the soil. By calibrating the UBC3D-PLM model a reasonably accurately prediction of the onset of liquefaction can be obtained for the considered stress state. Performance of the model deteriorates for variation of the stress state, especially for initial static shear stresses. Therefore a calibration method is developed to get around this limitation. Initially zones with a specific stress state are identified around the structure. Subsequently the model is calibrated to accurately predict the onset of liquefaction for each considered stress state, leading to a calibrated model parameter set for each zone. After adopting all parametersets for each zone a calibrated dynamic calculation is performed of the system, leading to reasonably accurate results of the development of excess pore pressures around the structure. Calculated displacements and bending moments are in line with observations in the field and the failure mode is well predicted. Insight is gained in the development of excess pore pressures in time at different locations. Leading to the conclusion that the UBC3D-PLM model is capable to reasonable accurately evaluate liquefaction and corresponding effects on an anchored quay wall. Finally link is made between the followed procedure and applicability of this procedure for performing a dy- namic analysis including liquefaction for one of the anchored quay walls in the Eemshaven in Groningen. Important aspects that are typical for Groningen are the location of the bedrock and corresponding transla- tion of the earthquake motion and characteristics of the motion.


The widely used method of vocal tract modeling proposed by Wakita [IEEE AU‐21 pp. 417–427] is a lossless model which places all possible damping at the glottis. In addition, the lip radiation impedance for this model is, by definition, zero. Elementary recursion relationships allow unique transformations between the inverse filter A(z) and the acoustic tube area functions. In this paper, the acoustic tube model is generalized to allow for arbitrary real attenuation within each acoustic tube section and to allow for the lip radiation impedance form described by Flanagan [Speech Analysis (Springer‐Verlad, Berlin, 1972), 2nd ed. p. 36]. The approach suggested in Markel and Gray [Linear Prediction of Speech (Springer—Verlag, Berlin, 1976), p. 88] is pursued here and it is shown that a recursive expression for a new inverse filter can be obtained in terms of the area functions, the glottal termination, the internal losses, and a realistic lip radiation impedance. Theoretical and experimental results will be discussed.The widely used method of vocal tract modeling proposed by Wakita [IEEE AU‐21 pp. 417–427] is a lossless model which places all possible damping at the glottis. In addition, the lip radiation impedance for this model is, by definition, zero. Elementary recursion relationships allow unique transformations between the inverse filter A(z) and the acoustic tube area functions. In this paper, the acoustic tube model is generalized to allow for arbitrary real attenuation within each acoustic tube section and to allow for the lip radiation impedance form described by Flanagan [Speech Analysis (Springer‐Verlad, Berlin, 1972), 2nd ed. p. 36]. The approach suggested in Markel and Gray [Linear Prediction of Speech (Springer—Verlag, Berlin, 1976), p. 88] is pursued here and it is shown that a recursive expression for a new inverse filter can be obtained in terms of the area functions, the glottal termination, the internal losses, and a realistic lip radiation impedance. Theoretical and experimental results will be di...


Interconnection between individual style of cognitive activity of a student and its influence on development of critical thinking is revealed. It was founded, that the neglect by a teacher of influence of cognitive styles of students on the process of educational and professional activity significantly decreases the quality of preparation of students, does not let them efficiently use their intellectual resources. It was revealed, that the development of critical thinking of students depends on individual trajectory of forming the characteristics of this type of thinking. But the degree of development of the reviewed characteristics is closely connected with individual cognitive style of concrete personality how the student codes the received information, how he converts it, and which style of stating the problem dominates. The peculiarities of coding of information by students of left cerebral hemisphere and right cerebral hemisphere are analyzed, the specific character of styles of converting of information in the context of development of critical thinking is revealed. Negative consequences of absolute preference of one of styles of thinking (including hypertrophied-critical) were reviewed. It was founded, that for the lecturer of higher educational institute for widening aggregate of means and ways of effective development of critical thinking of students is important in educational process to realize the organization of addition of each other of double-natured qualities and abilities, which lie in the basis of individual cognitive styles of the students.


The treatments of palm oil mill effluent (POME) have been a topic of research in Malaysia. These effluents needs to be properly treated before it released to watercourse and minimize the environmental hazard. This research is conducted to evaluate the treatment of palm oil mill effluent (POME) using chitosan based flocculation. Chitosan is a biological product which was believes it is useful in water treatment as adsorbent to remove oil from wastewater. A study was conducted in the laboratory to compare chitosan concentration in different volume of dosage. The sample were undergo flocculation process by using Jar Test where six beaker of sample was treated with varies volume dosage. The comparison was made by analyzing their oil removal efficiency, reduction of suspended solid, turbidity, BOD and COD and as well as pH adjustment. The result indicated that chitosan concentration at ratio of 1wt% chitosan in 1% was performed better in increasing of volume doses and 2%wt chitosan in 7% acetic acid was better at optimum dosage more than 12ml. In conclusion, it shows that chitosan was effective in removal oil from POME with more than 90% efficiency.-Author


This paper makes a more comprehensive evaluation of the pressure fixed-bed gasification process characteristics on lignite by experimental study in low-temperature pressure pyrolysis plant and pressure fixed-bed gasification ф100mm pilot plant.


Background: Appendicitis is a common acute surgical condition. Despite the high frequency of acute appendicitis, its clinical diagnosis remains challenging. The most accurate radiological means of its diagnosis remains controversial. The most commonly used modalities are CT and US. Objectives: The aim of this study is to compare the accuracy of CT and US as diagnostic modalities in suspected acute appendi-citis and to set a diagnostic routine to be followed in those cases. Patients and Methods: A retrospective chart analysis was conducted at the surgery department in King Faisal Specialist Hospi-tal and Research Center, Al-Riyadh, KSA. The charts of all adult patients (age 14-99) with suspected acute appendicitis between 1 January 2010 and 30 May 2015 were reviewed. Included patients had at least one imaging study, went to the operating room, and had documented surgical pathology results. Patients were divided into 3 groups of different imaging routines to assess which one worked the best. Results: The total number of patients reviewed in this study was 308, out of which 228 patients were included in the statistical analysis; the number of males was 119 (52.2%), and that of females was 109 (47.8%). The mean age of the included patients was 32 ± 15. Based on histopathology, CT had a sensitivity of 97.1% and specificity of 33.3%, while US showed sensitivity and speci-ficity of 62.5% and 66.7%, respectively, with equivocal results in 45% of the patients. The negative appendectomy rate in patients with positive CT is 7% and is 17% in patients with positive US. Both positive and negative predictive values of CT were higher than those of US; 95%, 45%, 83% and 40%, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of CT was higher than that of US (92% vs 64%). The histopathology in patients who were clinically diagnosed with acute appendicitis (n=14) is positive in only 53.3%. Conclusion: Clinical diagnosis alone can diagnose acute appendicitis in almost 50% of the patients with very high accuracy if the presentation is typical and the surgeon is an expert. In equivocal presentation, CT scan is the recommended imaging diagnostic modality. US showed no benefit in this study; thus, it's reserved to pediatric patients, and female patients who are either pregnant or have suspected gynecological problems.


The style of learning comprehends the peculiar manner that each individual uses to attain experiences and knowledge. Therefore, this envolves a psychoeducati...


Routinely collected laboratory biomarkers could improve control of confounding from disease severity in non‐interventional studies of general intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Their ability to predict both short‐ and long‐term mortality was evaluated.


Linear and nonlinear viscoelastic properties under dynamic oscillatory shear flow were used to investigate the effects of compatibilization on polypropylene (PP)/polystyrene (PS) blends. Two different nanoparticles (organo-modified clay and fumed silica) were used at various concentrations. To analyze nonlinear stress under large amplitude oscillatory shear (LAOS) flow, nonlinearity (I3/1) was calculated from FT-rheology. To quantify the degree of dispersion of different particles at various concentrations, a new parameter, nonlinear–linear viscoelastic ratio (NLR ≡ normalized nonlinear viscoelasticity/normalized linear viscoelasticity), was used. The relationship was determined between NLR value and PS droplet size in the PP matrix. From the TEM images, clay was located mostly at the interface or partially inside the PS drops, thereby reinforcing the compatibilization effect. Therefore, clay increased the dispersion morphologies of the PP/PS blends. In contrast, fumed silica was located mostly inside the...


Blacksmiths are in Tidore Kepualaun is one creative or economic livelihood in the village Toloa. Blacksmiths relatively small industry that has contributed to the community in the village such as the land jobs for the workforce. They still stick with using the equipment that is still relatively modest. They are also confronted with production manufacturers that are sold in stores are more varied shape and style. But it is, is not an obstacle for them to keep producing. To capitalize the knowledge that has been passed down by ancestors and social capital which is always held in high esteem by every employee so that they still survive even with its limitations both in terms of equipment and financial. Keywords : blacksmith , technology , culture


This article looks at Eleanor Roosevelt's role within the intense debate on nuclear fallout as it developed in the US in the early 1950s. In particular, the article analyzes Mrs. Roosevelt's position on nuclear weapons, deterrence, and disarmament; her condemnation of nuclear testing; and her role as both a public intellectual and a mass educator who helped people to understand the real consequences of nuclear fallout. Here, Mrs. Roosevelt emerges as an active voice that, by defending freedom of speech, also contributed to popularizing the issue of nuclear fallout and making American citizens aware of the urgency of a ban on nuclear testing.


The restoration of Westminster Hall in the 1830s revealed a number of eleventh-century carved capitals, one depicting, as then described, 'an armed man assailing a castle'. Aided by archaeological evidence from Abinger (Surrey), the 'castle' can be convincingly interpreted as a motte-top tower, carried by earth-fast posts, open-sided below and faced above with boards painted to resemble masonry. It is the only known depiction in elevation of a type of tower that is likely, given its simplicity, to have been widely used in the eleventh and twelfth centuries. The assailant, armed with an axe, carrying a round shield and wearing a helmet with nasal, is shown climbing the tower's external stair at the moment of being despatched or wounded by the defender's spear. The incident, an individual action rather than a 'siege' as such, has many oddities, and may represent a topical event or scene from history or mythology. The story of the Trojan War is suggested as a possible source.


We describe indecomposable objects in Deligne's category $\underline{\operatorname{Re}}\!\operatorname{p}(O_\delta)$ and explain how to decompose their tensor products. We then classify thick ideals in $\underline{\operatorname{Re}}\!\operatorname{p}(O_\delta)$. As an application we classify the indecomposable summands of tensor powers of the standard representation of the orthosymplectic supergroup up to isomorphism.


In this second part we present our clinical neurological observations in the other 8 cases: 5 presenting systemic vasculitis of cryoglobulinemic etiology, and 3 with polyarteritis nodosa with central and peripheral neurological manifestations.


Cloud computing is not a completely new technology; rather, it represents a change in the software ecology for solution creation, distribution and consumption. Cloud architecture has already had disruptive effects on the techno-business landscape, particularly in pushing established vendors aside as new players emerge. The cloud's most critical change is the amount of power and flexibility provided to application designers, content creators and end users. The traditional roles of developers, testers and end users in the software development lifecycle (SDLC) model have become interchangeable in some respects; all roles must adapt to survive, if not thrive, in this new age.


"Changing look" Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) are a subset of Seyfert galaxies characterized by rapid transitions between Compton-thin and Compton-thick regimes. In their Compton-thin state, the central engine is less obscured, hence spectroscopy or timing observations can probe their innermost structures. However, it is not clear if the observed emission features and the Compton hump are associated with relativistic reflection onto the accretion disc, or complex absorption by distant, absorbing gas clouds passing by the observer's line-of-sight. Here, we investigate these two scenarios under the scope of X-ray polarimetry, providing the first polarisation predictions for an archetypal "changing look" AGN: NGC 1365. We explore the resulting polarisation emerging from lamp-post emission and scattering off an accretion disc in the immediate vicinity of a supermassive black hole. The computed polarisation signatures are compared to the results of an absorption-dominated model, where high column density gas partially covers the central source. While the shape of the polarisation spectrum is similar, the two models differ in net polarisation percentage, with the relativistic reflection scenario producing significantly stronger polarisation. Additionally, the variation of the polarisation position angle is distinctly different between both scenarios: the reflection-dominated model produces smooth rotations of the polarisation angle with photon energy whereas circumnuclear absorption causes an orthogonal switch of the polarisation angle between the soft and the hard X-ray bands. By comparing the predicted polarisation of NGC 1365 to the detectability levels of X-ray polarimetry mission concepts proposed in the past, we demonstrate that with a large, soft X-ray observatory or a medium-sized mission equipped with a hard (6 - 35 keV) polarimeter, the correct interpretation would be unambiguous.


Abstract Pinfish (Lagodon rhomboides) were fed cerium-144 labeled food to determine if movement of the label could be used to estimate food evacuation time. Radioactivity was retained by the fish until their gastrointestinal tracts were empty. Replicate measurements showed that individual fish may have significantly different evacuation rates. Cerium evacuation and serial slaughter methods provided similar estimates of evacuation time; for the same precision fewer fish are needed for the cerium method. From these experiments, it appears that 144Ce can be used as a tag to measure food evacuation time.


In this study, we focus on the modelling of infiltration process in porous media. We use the meshless techniques for efficiently solving the Richards equation which describes unsaturated water flow through soils. The design of approximate numerical methods for the Richards equation remains computationally challenging and requires the development of efficient numerical techniques. This difficulty is mainly due to the nonlinearity of the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity and the capillary pressure function. In this study, we develop a new method based on the localized radial basis function (RBF) and the Kirchhoff transformation technique in order to solve Richards equation in one and two-dimensional homogeneous medium. Our approach using the multiquadric radial basis function allows us to reduce the computational time and provide accurate numerical solutions. The proposed method does not require mesh generation. Picard's iterations are used to linearize the resulting nonlinear problem obtained using the Kirchhoff transformation technique. The numerical simulations show the capability of the proposed numerical techniques in predicting the dynamics of water through unsaturated soils.


The Ninghsiang type of iron ores,occurring in the Devonian strata,and widely dis-tributed in south and central portions of China,is generally of significant importance.According to their geological characteristics,they can be alloted to seven metallogeneticregions,namely(fig.1):1)Hupeh-Hunan,2) Central Hunan,3) Hunan-Kiangsi,4)South Kweichou,5) North Kwangsi,6) East Yunnan and 7) The Lungmengshan metallo-genetic region. The first mentioned three regions have their iron ores derived chiefly from theUpper Devonian strata,while the last mentioned four regions from the Middle Devonianseries.The source of iron was due to the erosion of the ferrugincus rocks of the oldland.During the deposition of iron ores,the pH value amounts 3—7.The near-coastdeposits are composed chiefly of ferric oxide,in the form of hematite,some distancefurther from the coast,besides the occurence of hematite,there is the presence of theferrous iron bearing chlorite,siderite etc.In near-coast deposits.the process of mech-anical segregation dominates and in the far-coast deposits,that of the chemical segrega-tion prevails.Generally the ores in the sandstone facies,have a low tenor in iron,andthose in the siltstone and the mudstone,have a high tenor in iron.During regression,thenear-coast iron ore deposits attained a less number of layers and smaller thickness(fig.7),while during transgression the reverse being true(fig.8).In the isolated inlandsea basins,as the Hupeh-Hunan shallow sea basins(fig.3),the condition for the deposi-tion of iron ores was the most favorable one,there the iron deposits being of high tenorand of bigger extent.The unfavorable condition for iron ore deposition was along thosecomparatively straight coast lines or open bays,as the south Kweichou bays where theiron ores are of low tenor and of limited scale.In general the iron ores in the para-platform are considered to be of higher tenor in iron,greater in thickness and more ex-tensive in scale than those occur in the geosynclinal regions.There are instances in theDevonian sediments of the geosynclinal districts with very rare or no iron ore deposition.


In the published literature, direct comparisons of rivaroxaban and dabigatran are not possible. However, in interpreting anti-coagulant data and comparing these drugs to enoxaparin as far as safety is concerned, it is clear that rivaroxaban with its superior efficacy carries a consistently higher bleeding risk. This view is supported by independent evaluations undertaken by the FDA and those done for the UK standard, NICE. 'The NICE technology guideline in fact comments that with regard to efficacy, the two agents are similar, but there is a tendency to increased bleeding with rivaroxaban', Prof Frostick said. The availability of two doses of dabigatran is useful when dealing with more fragile patients such as the elderly (> 75 years) and those with moderate renal insufficiency. 'In the period of real-life clinical usage of these new entities, we need to do our own post-marketing surveys and we should not be complacent about any new clinical agents', Prof Frostick concluded. The panel of South African experts added to the presentation with their experience of using dabigatran in the clinical trials locally, which increased patient numbers significantly in both the RE-MODEL and RE-NOVATE trials. 'Mobility in the older patient undergoing surgery is very important and we should understand the need for anti-coagulation in these patients for an extended period of time', Prof Barry Jacobson, head of haematology at the Witwatersrand University pointed out. 'The clinician should watch out for non-steroidal antiinflammatory usage, and protease inhibitors for HIV treatment can also complicate the expected anti-coagulant action of dabigatran', he warned. With regard to reversing the effects of dabigatran when required, activated charcoal and recombinant factor VIIA are useful, while in an emergency situation, the patient can be dialysed. The advantages of an oral medication such as dabigatran cannot be ignored as patients are now sent home very early after surgery, normally within three to five days.


Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by notable phenotypic heterogeneity, which is often viewed as an obstacle to the study of its etiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. Heterogeneity in ASD is multidimensional and complex including variability in phenotype as well as clinical, physiologic, and pathologic parameters. We apply a hierarchical clustering model suited to dealing with datasets of mixed data types to stratify children with ASD into more homogeneous subgroups in line with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-5 model. The results of this cluster analysis will provide a better understanding the complex issue of ASD phenotypic heterogeneity and identify subgroups useful for further ASD genetic studies. Our goal is to provide insight into viable phenotypic and genotypic markers that would guide further cluster analysis of ASD genetic data. We suggest that analyzing the clusters in a hierarchical structure is a well-suited and meaningful model to unravel the complex heterogeneity of this disorder.


In this article I present the project of Neo-patristic synthesis of the prominent Russian thinker, Fr. George Florovsky, as well as the main reasons for which he criticized the previous style and direction of development of Russian thought in the shape of Religious-philosophical Renaissance or "the Silver Age." Polemizing with the approach of Florovsky, I put forward four remarks. First, Florovsky himself was under the influence of the Russian Religious-philosophical Renaissance. Second, it was not Florovsky who initiated the Patristic studies in Russia since they had been conducted from the 18 th century. Third, Neo–patristic synthesis and philosophy of "the Silver Age" could been perceived as the complementary projects rather than the opposite stature. Fourth, Florovsky left his own postulate uncompleted. In the concluding part of the article I also compare the approaches of Florovsky and Zenkovsky arguing in favour of the latest thinker.


Training for DIVE technicians and managers was chosen as the product of this study and had as its theme: The assessment of climatic, socioeconomic elements and their relationship with A. aegypti, in the municipalities of Chapeco / SC and Itajai / SC. The number of A. aegypti outbreaks has been significant in the state of Santa Catarina over the years. This mosquito transmits zika virus, chikungunya fever and dengue fever, which has been a major public health problem. The training promotes technical and reflective updating, the evaluation of the management and execution processes of the actions. As a product of this work, the training aimed to present the methodology applied to the work, the difficulties of manipulating the address data and the results obtained. The presented methodology can be applied to other municipalities and implemented as a tool that relates data, the difficulties of working with addresses suggest adjustments in the data registration, and the results obtained help in the discussion of prevention, control and fight against outbreaks.


The people of Petudua Village on average have a large yard of land, but it has not been used properly. Therefore, the village government facilitates the community by providing various types of olericultural plant seeds or vegetables, to help meet daily nutritional needs, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. However, the community does not yet know how to cultivate plants properly, so it is necessary to provide assistance in the use of the yard. This service activity aims to assist the Petudua village community to increase knowledge about good plant cultivation, and provide motivation to the community to be able to use their yards to support the availability of family food. The stages of the activities carried out included counseling on the benefits of plant cultivation in the yard, training on how to sow seeds, and training in making organic fertilizers and pesticides from onion skins. The result of this activity is an increase in public knowledge about how to cultivate plants, good nurseries, and how to make organic fertilizers and pesticides from onion skins and can be applied to their respective yards. It is hoped that the Petudua Village government will continue this program, to support food security and improve community welfare.


This paper describes a project being launched by the Egyptian Electricity Authority (EEA) in collaboration with the Organisation of Energy Planning (OEP) with funds from UNDP (United Nations Development Programme) and GEF (Global Environment Facility) and the Egyptian Government. The overall objective of this project is to assist Egypt in reducing the long-term growth of greenhouse gas emissions from electric power generation and from consumption of nonrenewable fuel resources. In responding to the operating conditions, public and private industry must invest in process modifications and new machinery to remain competitive, with excellent likelihood that their investments will have favourable rates of return based on savings from reduced operating costs. The funding for this project will leverage the new investments in ways that are most beneficial to the global environment.


The multilayered spherical α-Co(OH)2 sample was synthesized using ethylene glycol as the reaction medium,urea as hydrolysis agent and Co(NO3)2·6H2O as the raw material by hydrothermal reaction.The structure and morphology of α-Co(OH)2sample was performed by XRD,SEM.Results indicated that it was multilayered spherical structure.The single electrode capacitance of α-Co(OH)2 sample is as high as 455.677F/g between 0.8 and 1.2Vpotential at 50mA/g current density.


This research examines the impact of Web-based anthropomorphic agents on consumers' attitudes toward the Web site and the brand, with particular focus on two mediating factors. An experiment found that the presence (versus absence) of an anthropomorphic agent led to significantly more favorable attitudes toward the Web site, but had minimum influence on attitudes toward the brand. In addition, the influence of the agent on attitudes toward the Web site was mediated by perceived credibility of the Web site and positive emotional responses.


We propose a new method for parameter learning in Bayesian networks with qualitative influences. This method extends our previous work from networks of binary variables to networks of discrete variables with ordered values. The specified qualitative influences correspond to certain order restrictions on the parameters in the network. These parameters may therefore be estimated using constrained maximum likelihood estimation. We propose an alternative method, based on the isotonic regression. The constrained maximum likelihood estimates are fairly complicated to compute, whereas computation of the isotonic regression estimates only requires the repeated application of the Pool Adjacent Violators algorithm for linear orders. Therefore, the isotonic regression estimator is to be preferred from the viewpoint of computational complexity. Through experiments on simulated and real data, we show that the new learning method is competitive in performance to the constrained maximum likelihood estimator, and that both estimators improve on the standard estimator.


This paper provides a case study illustrating the use of uniform design (UD) and partial least-squares (PLS) regression in developing an emulsifiable concentrate (EC) with high penetration ability. Differences in wetting time (Y1) and penetration time (Y2) between pesticide formulations with and without penetrating agent were used as an experimental indices, and different penetrating agent preparations of triazaphos 20% EC were used as factors in the study. UD protocols were used to design the experiments, and experimental results were processed using PLS regression. Maximum response values were used as the optimized regression direction. R2 values of the models were 0.9883 and 0.9978, and the wetting and penetration times predicted by the models were 176.21 and 137.18 s, respectively, while actual test values were 176.10 and 137.11 s, respectively.


Dear Editor: We believe that integration of mental health services within primary care is essential for the well-being of patients. We want to discuss our successful approach. As such, we, the members of the Edmonton Southside Primary Care Network (PCN), read the position paper entitled, Evolution of Collaborative Mental Health Care in Canada: A Shared Vision for the Future,1 with interest. As of May 2005, the Edmonton Southside PCN has been developing a model of collaboration, effective communication, consultation, coordination of care, co-location, and integration within primary care. These are all mentioned in the position paper. Below is an outline of some of the successes and continuing challenges within the PCN in the area of providing collaborative mental health care. Collaboration The mental health team consists of mental health coordinators (MHCs), family physicians, and psychiatrists. In addition, all primary care team members can be involved, including nurses, nurse practitioners, dietitians, and auxiliary staff. Effective Communication The MHCs ensure the family physician is aware of all referrals and services recommended to patients. This has improved care for patients as less is missed and it prevents the duplication of services on an already overworked mental health system. Continuity of care is maintained within this model. Consultation In 2007, the PCN added a psychiatric consultation service to the multidisciplinary team. While most mental health concerns are managed well by the family physician, the need for specialized services for some patients was recognized as beneficial in maintaining patient care within the primary care setting. An ongoing challenge is that patients who require ongoing psychiatric care continue to be referred in the normal way and wait times are still long. This is mitigated somewhat by the MHCs who can support the patient and the family physician while waiting for services, and by the psychiatrist who can advise the family physician regarding management in the interim. Coordination of Care and Co-location Coordination of care has been the main focus of the mental health team. It was recognized early on that improving coordination would benefit the patients, the family physicians, and the other mental health team members. The Edmonton Southside PCN is a decentralized model. Nurses, nurse practitioners, dietitians, and respiratory therapists are all placed in the family physicians' offices to provide care. When possible, the psychiatrists come to the family physicians' clinics as do the MHCs. …


There is a development towards increased home owning in the housing sector throughout Europe. The background of this study is that a similar development has begun on the Swedish housing market as well. According to some scholars, this development has started a process described as a 'reconstruction' of the housing market. In the interviews reported in this study, this reconstruction is illustrated by respondents' shifting judgments on and attitudes to tenure forms. Interviews with 30 Swedish households show that, on a security/insecurity scale, renting was formerly ranked more highly than owning, but that it is now valued as less secure. Winds are changing: Owning one's home is valued higher when Swedes start to realize the possible use of housing equity; rents are high but interest rates are advantageous. This shift in attitudes might also reflect policies, even more evident in, for example, the UK and Belgium, that encourage owning one's home. Policies promoting home owning are well in line with centre-right ideas spreading over Europe. These ideas are said to be needed to ensure Europe's competitiveness in times of globalization and to relieve the accompanying fear of unemployment. The qualitative approach taken in this report has been lacking in housing research in general and was therefore prioritized by the so-called OSIS project (Origins of security and insecurity: the interplay of housing systems with jobs, household structures, finance and social security). The project concerns increased home owning, whether advantageous or disadvantageous, among Europe's population. The aim of the present study is to document perceptions of securities and risks among Swedish dwellers. Respondents were asked about choices of tenure, financial matters, and risks and securities with their housing as related to their personal socio-economic and employment situation. The interviews were thus meant to show people's reflections and reactions to changes on the housing market.


We have investigated pathways of lipid metabolism in spermatozoa and generation of various metabolites with potential messenger functions during exocytosis stimulated with A23187/Ca2+. Stimulation of boar spermatozoa resulted in a considerable rapid increase in saturated/unsaturated 1,2‐diacylglycerol (1,2‐SU‐DAG) and, concomitantly, a substantial reduction in disaturated 1,2‐diacylglycerol (1,2‐DS‐DAG), and in phosphatidylcholine (PC). These changes preceded the onset of exocytosis. Phosphatidic acid was sometimes generated in parallel, but usually rose later, suggesting that 1,2‐SU‐DAG may be formed directly by phospholipase C action. Lipid changes observed in stimulated spermatozoa that have been prelabelled with several lipid precursors ([14C]palmitic acid, [14C]glycerol, [14C]choline, or [14C]arachidonic acid) suggested the existence of a unique process involving the utilization of the high basal levels of 1,2‐DS‐DAG to form 1,2‐SU‐DAG, with the latter being subsequently employed to replenish the PC pool. An ensuing generation of lysoPC and arachidonic acid, which paralleled the occurrence of exocytosis, revealed that the newly synthesized PC was hydrolyzed by phospholipase A2. The highest levels of 1,2‐SU‐DAG, minimum levels of 1,2‐DS‐DAG, and the regeneration of the PC pool were tightly coupled to the beginning of visible exocytosis. These results suggest that changes in these lipid metabolites may be fundamental processes during acrosomal exocytosis occurring in response to physiological agonists. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 48:95–105, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Traditional, points-based grading suffers from several limitations. Students spend energy trying to determine how many points they need for a grade instead of focusing on learning. Faculty put extra time into making decisions about how much partial credit student work is worth. Points are difficult to connect to learning outcomes for courses and programs for assessment. This poster presents techniques for a different approach to grading: specifications grading. Specifications grading is a points-free, mastery style of grading that replaces partial credit with quality feedback and revision opportunity. This model provides some advantages over the traditional grading approach. This includes better support for strong academic standards and rigor, an increased focus for students on learning by removing the need to game assignments for points, and a stronger connection between student grades and assessment of course learning outcomes. The poster will provide an overview of specifications grading and its benefits, along with techniques for implementation of specifications grading in a programming course. Additionally, the poster will include student evaluation data from previous offerings of the courses.


Knowledge distillation enables us to transfer the knowledge from a large and complex neural network into a smaller and faster one. This allows for improving the accuracy of the smaller network. However, directly transferring the knowledge between enormous feature maps, as they are extracted from convolutional layers, is not straightforward. In this work, we propose an efficient mutual information-based approach for transferring the knowledge between feature maps extracted from different networks. The proposed method employs an efficient Neural Bag-of-Features formulation to estimate the joint and marginal probabilities and then optimizes the whole pipeline in an end-to-end manner. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated using a lightweight, fully convolutional neural network architecture, which aims toward high-resolution analysis and targets photonic neural network accelerators.


Eustoma plants exposed to high temperatures during seedling development form rosettes, i. e., stem elongation does not occur. The purpose of this study was to test the effects of low temperature treatments on rosetted plants sown in summer.Rosetted plants of 'Suihai' were kept at 2 °, 5 °, 10 °, or 15 °C for 30 days and then transplanted to a warm greenhouse. Most seedlings treated at 2 ° and 15 °C wilted or rotted during the treatments. Lighting 410 lx by cool-white fluorescent lamps during cold treatment improved the quality of seedlings under the chilling temperatures.Rosetted 4-leafed seedlings of 'Wakamurasaki' kept at 5 ° or 10 °C for different durations bolted and flowered. A higher percentage of plants bolted when kept at 10 °C for 5 weeks than did those kept at 5 °C for the same duration. 'Wakamurasaki' seedlings kept at 10 °C for 5 weeks flowered in 80 days after being transplanted to a greenhouse kept at 20 °C and grown under a long photoperiod (supplementary light; 22 : 002: 00).Little difference in cold requirement to induce bolting was observed between 'Wakamurasaki' and the late flowering 'Fresh White'. It appears that the low temperature alone does not act directly on the flowering of 'Fresh White'. The plants need about 150 days in a 20 °C greenhouse and more than 20 nodes before flowering.When rosetted seedlings having 4. 6, or 8 leaves were treated at 10 °C, they bolted and flowered equally well. When seedling of the late flowering 'Fukushihai' were treated at 5 °C for 4 weeks, they subsequently required a greenhouse kept at 20 °C and a long day photoperiod before producing marketable flowers.


The traditional cumulant method (CM) for probabilistic optimal power flow (P-OPF) needs to perform linearization on the Karush–Kuhn–Tucker (KKT) first-order conditions, therefore requiring input variables (wind power or loads) varying within small ranges. To handle large fluctuations resulting from large-scale wind power and loads, a novel P-OPF method is proposed, where the correlations among input variables are also taken into account. Firstly, the inverse Nataf transformation and Cholesky decomposition are used to obtain samples of wind speeds and loads with a given correlation matrix. Then, the K-means algorithm is introduced to group the samples of wind power outputs and loads into a number of clusters, so that in each cluster samples of stochastic variables have small variances. In each cluster, the CM for P-OPF is conducted to obtain the cumulants of system variables. According to these cumulants, the moments of system variables corresponding to each cluster are computed. The moments of system variables for the total samples are obtained by combining the moments for all grouped clusters through the total probability formula. Then, the moments for the total samples are used to calculate the corresponding cumulants. Finally, Cornish–Fisher expansion is introduced to obtain the probability density functions (PDFs) of system variables. IEEE 9-bus and 118-bus test systems are modified to examine the proposed method. Study results show that the proposed method can produce more accurate results than traditional CM for P-OPF and is more efficient than Monte Carlo simulation (MCS).


Objective:To investigate the expression and significance of caveolin-1 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) in mucoepidermoid carcinoma(MEC) of salivary glands.Methods:The expression of caveolin-1 and PCNA in MEC tissues(75 cases) and normal salivary glands tissues(20 cases,control group) were detected by immunohistochemical SP assay.Results:Caveolin-1 expression was presented in all normal salivary gland samples.Reduced caveolin-1 expression was associated with shorter duration of tumor(shorter group vs longer group=42.1% vs 67.6%),higher grade malignance(high-grade vs low-grade =38.5% vs 63.3%) and advanced clinical stage(Ⅲ+ⅣvsⅠ+Ⅱ=29.45±12.89 vs 22.49±11.73)(P0.05).There were significant differences in the expression of PCNA between high-grade MEC and low-grade MEC(33.38±11.98 vs 20.12±10.13);Ⅲ+Ⅳstages andⅠ+Ⅱstages(29.45±12.89 vs 22.49±11.73)(P0.05).The expression of caveolin-1 was negatively related with the expression of PCNA(rs=-0.28,P=0.017).Reduced caveolin-1 expression and increased PCNA expression were positively correlated with unfavorable outcome.Conclusion:The currant data indicated a reduction in caveolin-1 expression in MEC of salivary glands,which inversely correlated with patients' outcome and tumor cell proliferation,suggesting its role as a tumor supressor in MEC of salivary glands.


When my individual action is only one among a large number of similar actions and does not seem to make any difference to the bad collective outcome, can it nonetheless be condemned by act-utilitarianism? This question has currently regained interest with papers e.g. by Shelly Kagan, Julia Nefsky and Felix Pinkert. Christopher Morgan-Knapp and Charles Goodman answer the question in the affirmative for miniscule emissions in the context of climate change. They use expected utility analysis as Kagan did in consumer ethics. In this paper, I want to show that assumptions about the impact of emissions vary according to some underlying empirical scenarios all of which are possible. Individual actions might be relevant in the sense of contributing to a mere linear accumulation of emissions; or they might be relevant by leading to an accumulation in the form of crossing thresholds, be it one or several; finally, such actions might not be relevant at all. To give an answer that solves the problem and that is based solely on expected utility analysis is impossible. So I reject the result of Morgan-Knapp/Goodman.


Based on the theoretical analysis of operating mode, operating principle, cutter arrangement, and milling motion of pavement miller, the mathematical model of cutting resistances has been established. By using the mathematical model, the milling resistance of the cutter which lies in the maximum cutting depth in the course of rotation motion has been calculated. Through computer simulation, the relation between the cutting resistances and the main parameters has been analyzed.


Through mathematic analysis and operations, the conditions for determining the tridiagonal matrix and its relative matrices with the same form as obtained by Lanczos algorithm are proved, some theorems are established.


To determine the economical feasibility of drilling a horizontal well, engineers need reliable methods to estimate its productivity. In this work, a simple-to-use method is developed to rapidly estimate a pseudo-steady-state horizontal well's productivity. Estimations are found to be in excellent agreement with the reliable data in the literature, with average absolute deviation being less than 1%. The tool developed in this study can be of immense practical value for petroleum engineers to make a quick check on a pseudo-steady-state horizontal well's productivity at various conditions without opting for any field trials. The predictive tool is simple and straightforward, and it can be readily implemented in a standard spreadsheet program. The prime application of the method is as a quick-and-easy evaluation tool in conceptual development and scoping studies where horizontal wells are being considered. The method may also serve as a benchmark in numerical reservoir simulation studies.


The continuity equation and electric-charge balance equation of nonlinear GaAs photoconductive semiconductor switches(PCSS) in Lock-on state were established,in which the current filaments,the velocity-electrical field characteristic with negative differential mobility,the deep level traps and the reabsorption of photons from carrier combination were considered.Based on the equations and the experimental data of 3.5 mm GaAs∶EL2 PCSS which was biased at 2 200 V and in the nonlinear work mode,by the finite difference calculation,the following conclusions on the transient characteristics of carriers within the current filaments were drawn:1)The concentration of current carriers is about 1017 cm-3,and the EL2 electron traps are almost saturated.2)The electron current obviously falls down with the lock-on time but the hole current nearly keep a constant.3)The carrier avalanche multiplication factor is averagely 1.2 in one carrier lifetime and the statistical fluctuation increases with the Lock-on time.


The focus of any attempt to create an artificial brain and mind should reside in the dynamic model of the network of information. The study of biological network s has progressed enormously in recent years. It is an intriguing possibility that the architectur e of representation and exchange of information at high level closely resembles that of neurons. Taking this hypothesis into account, we designed an experiment, concerning the way ideas are organised accordi ng to human perception. The experiment is divided into two parts: a visual task and a verbal task. A ne twork of ideas was constructed using the results of the experiment. Statistical analysis showed tha t the verbally invoked network has the same topological structure as the visually invoked one, but the t wo networks are distinct.


SUBTITLE: THIS YEAR'S NBAA CONVENTION SEES THE CERTIFICATION OF SEVERAL CAPABLE AND HIGH-PERFORMANCE NEW MODELS, WHILE OTHERS SHOULD GET THEIR TICKET EARLY IN 2004. HEREAFTER IS A BRIEF ROUNDUP OF WHAT'S ON SHORT FINALS IN THE BIZJET WORLD.


Mechanical performance of hydroentangled nonwovens is determined by the degree of the fiber entanglement, which depends on parameters of the fibers, fiberweb, forming surface, water jet and the process speed. This paper develops a computational fluid dynamics model of the hydroentanglement process. Extensive comparison with experimental data showed that the degree of fiber entanglement is linearly related to flow vorticity in the fiberweb, which is induced by impinging water jets. The fiberweb is modeled as a porous material of uniform porosity and the actual geometry of forming wires is accounted for in the model. Simulation results are compared with experimental data for a Perfojet ® sleeve and four woven forming surfaces. Additionally, the model is used to predict the effect of fiberweb thickness on the degree of fiber entanglement for different forming surfaces.


High performance flavour tagging of jets containing heavy flavours is crucial for the studies planned for the future high energy e+e− Linear Collider (LC). Pixel detectors have proven to provide very powerfull flavour identification, for this reason the Linear Collider Flavour Identification (LCFI) collaboration has decided to concentrate its R&D work for the future LC on a Charged Coupled Device (CCD) pixel vertex detector, and study the flavour tagging performance of the design to optimize it. In this work we first evaluate the basic tracking perfomance. We then estimate the flavour tagging performance of the present detector layout, using a neural network approach. We conclude by studying the energy dependence of the perfomance.


A study was conducted in 2021 to measure the level of satisfaction of farmers towards para-veterinary services in four districts of India, namely Mathura, Hisar, Jaipur, and Ahmadnagar of Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Rajasthan, and Maharashtra, respectively, using an exclusive 5-point Likert type scale. A total of 160 dairy farmers were surveyed under the random sampling method of investigation. In this study, ordered logistic regression was used to determine the predictors of satisfaction towards the delivery of animal health services to farmers. When the cause-effect relationship was analyzed, it was found that education, herd size, and annual income were negatively associated with satisfaction towards para-veterinary services. Comparative analysis of weighted mean scores for satisfaction revealed that dairy farmers were moderately satisfied with para-veterinary services in dimensions of behavioural aspects and, the cost of rendered service. When overall satisfaction of farmers towards para-veterinary services was analyzed, it was found that 44.38% of farmers were highly satisfied (having scale value of 0.42 and above on 0 to 1 point scale), followed by 32.50% respondents having a moderate level of satisfaction (value of 0.29-0.41). Para-vets need to put more effort in satisfying farmers vis-à-vis roles associated with extension and advisory services and, animal welfare aspects. Quality of service is the major factor affecting the satisfaction of the clientele. Thus, assessing the satisfaction of farmers towards para-veterinary services could be helpful in delivery of competent and efficient minor veterinary services at farmer's door-step.


Dear Sir, Liprotein (a) [Lp(a)] is known to increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). A meta-analysis of prospective studies indicated that plasma Lp(a) concentration is an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD) [1]. The Prospective Epidemiological Study of Myocardial Infarction (PRIME), a cohort study that included 9133 men also showed Lp(a) as a predictor of CHD risk [2]. Heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is a common hereditary disorder of lipoprotein metabolism (prevalence 1 : 400). We recently showed Lp(a) to be a risk factor for CVD in 2400 Dutch patients with FH [3]. In recent years various studies have reported that the metabolic syndrome is associated with an increase in CVD [4–9]. It is unknown if measuring Lp(a) has an additive prognostic value on top of having metabolic syndrome. The objective or our study was to determine whether along with the presence of metabolic syndrome there was an additional risk associated with the presence of higher levels of Lp(a) in this high-risk population which included patients inducted from 27 clinics around the Netherlands. The database for the current study is the molecular diagnostic centre for nationwide FH screening in the Netherlands, located at the Academic Medical Centre, the University of Amsterdam. A total of 2400 patients fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for FH and were included in the study. The inclusion and exclusion criteria for participation in the study and details of the data collection are outlined and discussed in detail previously [3, 10, 11]. The Ethics Institutional Review Board of each participating hospital approved the protocol. Metabolic syndrome was defined as per National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Adult Treatment Plan (ATP III) criteria [12] along with the recently suggested modifications [13]. We did not have waist circumference information so we substituted for body mass index (BMI) and based our cutoff on a recent NHANES III analysis [14]. A diagnosis required the concomitant presence of three or more of the following risk factors: (i) elevated triglycerides (‡1.7 mmol L); (ii) low HDL cholesterol (men <1.03 mmol L; women <1.29 mmol L); (iii) fasting glucose ‡5.55 mmol L or medication use for diabetes; (iv) Systolic blood pressure (BP) ‡130 mmHg or diastolic BP ‡85 mmHg or medication use for hypertension; (v) BMI ‡30 kg m for men and ‡25 kg m for women. Total CVD was defined by the presence of at least one of the following: (i) CHD, (ii) cerebrovascular disease and (iii) peripheral vascular disease. The criteria to define each one of these three end-points have been explained in detail previously [3]. Differences in clinical characteristics between patients with and without metabolic syndrome were tested with chi-square statistics or independent sample t-tests where appropriate. We analysed the lifetime risk of CVD in these patients. The relative risks were estimated from a Cox regression analysis which modelled the lifetime hazard of events, thus we looked at the risk of CVD events starting at birth and ended for each individual at the date of the first occurrence of established CVD. Patients without CVD were censored at the date of the last lipid clinic visit or at the date of death attributable to other causes. We verified any vascular end-point that may have occurred before presentation to the vascular lipid clinics. The following variables were entered into the analyses: gender, smoking (time-dependent), LDL cholesterol and statin therapy. For smoking we implemented a linearly decreasing risk effect for the 3 years after cessation [15]. Analyses were performed using SPSS (version 10.1; Chicago, IL, Journal of Internal Medicine 2006; 260: 183–185 doi:10.1111/j.1365-2796.2006.01670.x


We study by methods of nonstandard analysis second order differential operators with zero order coefficients which are too singular to be defined by standard functions. In particular we study perturbations of the Laplacian in R1 given by potentials of the form X2j S(x — xj). We also study Sturm-Liouville problems with zero order coefficients given by measures and prove that they satisfy the same oscillation theorems as the regular Sturm-Liouville problems.


OF THE DISCLOSURE A method of separation of ions from a solution, charac terized in that the solution to be treated is passed through a bed of at least one type of resin in which is produced an electric field substantially at right angles to the direction of propagation of said solution, the geometry of the resin bed, the composition of the bed, the conductivity of the solution and the potential difference which exists between the poles of the electric field being chosen so that the ions which are to be removed from the solution transport the current by passing essentially through the resin, and that said ions are collected continuously on the side corre sponding to the pole which is of opposite sign to that of the ions to be removed.


ABSTRACT The most prevalent form of "low-gradient" aortic stenosis (AS) is characterized by the concomitant presence of a small aortic valve area (<1.0 cm2) and a low mean gradient (<40 mmHg) but with preserved LV ejection fraction (≥50%) and normal flow (stroke volume index ≥ 35 mL/m2). This intriguing pattern referred to as "normal-flow, low-gradient" (NF-LG) AS is a matter of debate. Some studies suggest that this NF-LG pattern is a moderate form of AS, whereas others report that about half of these patients actually have true severe AS and thus benefit from aortic valve replacement (AVR). The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the pathophysiology, diagnosis workup, and therapeutic management of NF-LG AS. This pattern of AS may occur as a result of normal stroke volume but reduced mean transvalvular flow rate, reduced arterial compliance and systolic hypertension, and/or incongruity in the aortic valve area and mean gradient severity cut-points. The key steps in the management of NF-LG AS are: (1) rule out measurement errors; (2) assess the presence of symptoms; (3) confirm stenosis severity using dobutamine or preload stress echocardiography or aortic valve calcium scoring by multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT); and (4) select the type of AVR depending on the assessment of surgical risk.


This thesis was an experimental research project designed to identify the impacts of negative and positive political advertising on voting behavior. The research also focused on how negative and positive political advertising affects the character image of a candidate. Additionally, the research asked questions to determine if opinions on current political issues make a difference in voting behavior. The subjects (N=134) watched a series of commercials from an actual primary congressional election. The subjects viewed different combinations of advertisements to determine the different impacts. The results of the research suggest that there is a significant difference when comparing the reactions to negative and positive political advertising. Negative advertising can be informative to voters whereas positive advertising attracts more votes.


Time-dependent frequency harmonic oscillators (TDFHOs) are studied through the theory of Lie systems. We show that they are related to a certain kind of equation in the Lie group SL(2, ℝ). Some integrability conditions appear as conditions to be able to transform such equations into simpler ones in a very specific way. As a particular application of our results we find t-dependent constants of the motion for certain one-dimensional TDFHOs and the general solution for a two-dimensional TDFHO. Our approach provides a unifying framework which allows us to apply our developments to all Lie systems associated with equations in SL(2, ℝ) and to generalize our methods to study any Lie system.


The paper deals with the necessity of Eisenstein′s irreducibility criterion for polynomials, and gives out examples of irreducible polynomial that can not be judged by Eisenstein′s criterion under any linear transformation.


Relevance. Herd horse breeding is the most ancient way of reproduction and maintenance of horses. The regularities of the growth and development of young animals largely depend on the genotype of the producers. Adai horses are bred in a herd way. Their well-being largely depends on natural and climatic conditions — the state of the weather, grass stand. The breeding zones of the Adai horse are the desert and semi-desert of the western region of Kazakhstan, characterized by a sharply continental climate.Methods. Experimental work was carried out at Taushyk LLP, Tupkaragan district, Mangistau region. The object of the study is pure-bred Kazakh horses of the Mangistau population and Adai offspring. According to scientific experience, two groups of 12 stallions were formed. Feeding qualities were assessed by the increase in live weight in young animals in the period from 24 to 30 months of age. Meat productivity was studied according to the methodology of the All-Russian Research Institute of Horse Breeding, in accordance with the technological instructions adopted in the meat industry.Results. It was found that the greatest increase in live weight in foals of Kazakh horses of the Adai offspring is observed from 3 days of age to 1 month and amounted to 42.9 kg with an average daily gain of 1530 g. For six months the increase in live weight was 84.1 kg, and average daily gain — 460 g. From 6 to 12 months of age the average daily gain in foals decreases to 126.9 g, due to the independent wintering of foals. From 18 to 24 months the minimum increase in live weight was recorded — 24.6 kg. From 24 to 30 months of age the average daily gains slightly increase — to 310 g. It has been established that the coefficient of increase in live weight in Kazakh horses in the conditions of the Mangyshlak Peninsula from birth to 24 months of age is 5.28–5.30, from 24 months. up to 30 months age — 0.51–0.52, from birth to 30 months of age — 8.54—8.56. It was found that the stallions of the Mangystau population exceeded their peers of the Adai offspring in terms of pre-slaughter live weight by 3.8 kg. In terms of slaughter yield stallions of the Adai offspring were inferior to their peers of the Mangistau population by 0.4%. The highest fat content in the meat of both groups is observed in the off-grade cut (kazy + sting) — from 16.0% to 16.4%. Comparatively little fat was contained in grade II meat — from 3.8% to 4.3% and grade III — from 2.3% to 2.7%.


The issue of whether or not a cause must raise the chance of its effect is one which philosophers seem unable to agree on. Take a hackneyed example: the squirrel's kick. A golfer takes a swing at a golf ball. Fortunately it's a good shot, and the ball heads for the cup. Unfortunately, a squirrel, rather dangerously positioned near the cup, kicks the ball away, thus decreasing the ball's chance of landing in the cup. Fortunately, the ball then hits the branch of a nearby tree and is deflected into the cup. 1


A cluster automorphism is a $\mathbb{Z}$-algebra automorphism of a cluster algebra $\mathcal A$ satisfying that it sends a cluster to another and commutes with mutations. Chang and Schiffler conjectured that a cluster automorphism of $\mathcal A$ is just a $\mathbb{Z}$-algebra homomorphism of a cluster algebra sending a cluster to another. The aim of this article is to prove this conjecture.


Description This data set is the result and basis of a qualitative discourse analysis on the knowledge productions and role of academia in development processes in Western China. A research article on basis of this data was published in a special issue of ›Geographica Helvetica‹ under the title ›Wissenschaftliche Expertise und die (Re)Produktion gesellschaftlicher Verhältnisse – Eine argumentationstheoretische Analyse von Diskursen der Ökologieund Umweltforschung im westlichen China‹ (in German, abstract available in English) (Geogr. Helv., 72, 1–12, 2017, doi:10.5194/gh-72-1-2017).


Connected and autonomous vehicles (CAV) will open the future to vast possibilities in transportation, most of which have yet to be imagined. As these new technologies emerge, they also have the potential to render many of today's most common transportation control methods irrelevant. In this paper, concepts of connected and autonomous are applied to coordinate and synchronize the arrival and departure of vehicles at intersections; effectively ending the need for traffic signals. Under a set of "autonomous rules of operation", vehicles can be kept in near-continuous motion while also maintaining safe separation, creating a system of "virtual traffic signal" (VTS). Assessments of these rules shows that delay and stopping reductions of more than 50 to 97 percent will be possible over actuated control and fixed time signal control – and without the risk of collisions. Not will these rules reduce congestion, travel time, and prevent crashes; they will also lower fuel consumption and exhaust emissions.


FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: according to one of claimed invention implementations product includes first linen and second linen, placed above first linen, and each of linens: first and second linen, include first and second end areas and first and second side areas. First initial linen includes initial linen, which has system of discrete projecting elements, which are in fact column-shaped and extend only from first surface of initial linen, with each of projecting elements having side wall, which forms open proximal part and closed distal part. Product additionally contains fastening system, which fastens first end areas of first and second linens, and/or second end areas of first and second linens to each other. Fastening system contains multitude of discrete points of fastening and calibrated intervals between any adjacent points of fastening, sufficient for inscribing circle with diameter from approximately 1 mm to approximately 12 mm between them. EFFECT: improvement of product fastening. 20 cl, 5 dwg


Essential typological features of scientific schools are investigated, paying special attention to informational and communicational aspects of the problem. Peculiarities of scientific research organization in printing and publishing branches are revealed. A specific character of branch science consisting in the fact of close connection between scientific school formation and the activities of specialized higher education institutions is noted. The process of the establishment and development of the Lviv-Kyiv school of printing industry technologies, particularly regarding activities on development and application of photopolymer printing forms in printing production is analysed. On the example of the formation and the activity of the Lviv-Kyiv school of printing and publishing technologies the features of scientific school are listed. It is shown that scientific schools are formed under the influence of society demands, by the logic of science and practice development providing long-term fundamental and applied research and having essential achievements of public recognition in the homeland and abroad. Given this the functions of scientific schools are defined.


The current investigation compared results of a resisted sprint device to measure running kinetics and kinematics in the field with those measured by tethered running on a treadmill. Ten male students underwent two sessions comprising two 35m tethered sprints in laboratory or track. Step length and frequency, velocity, force and power were measured for each stride and averaged at each 5m interval. Variables reliability was attested by significant ICC-A between test-retest (between 0.60 and 0.88). Kinematic variables did not present a significant difference (P between 0.09 and 0.72). Despite force and power were systematically higher in laboratory condition (P < 0.001), track condition presented higher correlations between force and velocity at each stride. Track tethered running may be a useful to monitor kinetics and kinematics in track resisted running drills.


The proceedings contain 27 papers. The topics discussed include: behavior recognition network for small target vehicle based on attention mechanism;a multi-view matching method based on PatchmatchNet with sparse point information;vehicle tracking method based on pyramid layered optical flow network;a new type of unmanned aerial vehicle visualization application algorithm: pesticides are effectively used when spraying;an intelligent evaluation system of air traffic control training simulator under special situation;quantified assertion verification method for non-linear arithmetic and mutable data structures;improving code completion by sequence features and structural features;design and implementation of COVID-19 prevention and control management system based on spring cloud;and re-imagining computer laboratories for teaching introductory programming concepts using web-based integrated development environments: opportunities and challenges.


Social scientists have devoted considerable effort to understand gender and age productivity differentials. In American economic history the gender productivity gap has important implications for key issues ranging from the relative efficiency of plantations versus free farms and the pace of industrialization (Wright 2006, Goldin and Sokoloff 1984). Yet the magnitude of such differentials in antebellum cotton production remains contested. We use a new data set to provide direct physical measures by gender and age of productivity in cotton picking—critical peak activity of a cotton plantation's production cycle. Our specific findings include that (1) in the plantation sector, females and males performed essentially equal shares of the picking work; (2) the gender differentials in daily picking rates were very narrow, with adult females picking only in the 7-11 percent less than adult males in the late antebellum period; the gap was even narrower earlier; (3) productivity in picking, an activity conducted on an individual basis, was higher on larger-scale units; and finally (4) many planters whose examples are quoted in support of the gang-labor assembly-line-efficiency hypothesis, behaved in ways that either directly contradict the hypothesis or, at best, are in accordance only by happenstance.


The on-bottom stability of submarine pipeline is a key problem of submarine pipeline design. The key issue is to simulate the interaction among wave, pipe and soil. The factors such as contact effect, frictional coefficient between pipe and soil, pipe's penetration, the impact of yield stress are considered. Also, the results show that the computation of the pipe/soil interaction may provide a helpful tool for the engineering practice of pipeline on-bottom stability design.


The application of Acoustic Emission (AE) technology for machine health monitoring is gaining ground as powerful tool for health diagnosis of rolling element bearings. The successful application of AE to life prognosis of bearings is very dependent on the ability of the technology to identify and locate a defect at its earliest stage. Determining source locations of AE signals originating in real time from materials under load is one of the major advantages of the technology. This paper presents results which highlight the ability of AE to locate naturally initiated defects on high-speed roller element bearing in-situ. To date such location has only be successfully demonstrated at rotational speeds of less than 100 rpm.


For scientific,efficient and timely disposal of Influenza A H1N1 outbreaks in schools,Central Hospital of Mianyang City adopted various modes,which included the advanced epidemic prevention and control,unity of command,to strengthen supervision,to establish a "mobile office",to reinforce screening,to strictly control isolation,to combine the Chinese and Western medicine,timely education and instruction,psychological counseling and so on.


Space‐geodetic techniques can detect elastic deformation of the Earth caused by atmospheric pressure loading (ATML). However, it has not yet been demonstrated whether these surface displacements should be accounted for at the time of reduction of the observations or by applying time‐averaged values to the coordinates after the analysis of the observations. An analysis of the power spectral density of the ATML predicted vertical deformation shows that, aside from the diurnal and semi‐diurnal periods, there is very little power in the sub‐daily frequencies. The present tidal ATML models improve the analysis at sites near the equator but seem to degrade the height estimates elsewhere. The majority of the non‐tidal deformation can be modelled by applying a daily‐averaged correction to daily estimates of coordinates but a greater improvement in height RMS is found if non‐tidal ATML is applied at the observation level.


The consumption of masses of fossil fuels has been serious environmental problems. The energy systems have to be changed from the fossil fuel over to the renewable energy. Hydrogen is expected as an energy carrier in the renewable energy systems, where also the hydrogen storage alloy has been considered and used as useful materials. Recently, we reported an effect of LiOH pretreatment using ultra high purity of 7N-H2 gas (99.99999% purity). Hydrogen absorption is drastically modified by the LiOH pretreatment even after significant air oxidation. In this paper, we report the effect of LiOH pretreatment on H2 absorption characteristics and pulverization behavior using low purity of H2 gas (4N-H2 gas, 99.99% purity) in considering the practical application. We measured the equilibrium characteristics after the initial activation and after 300 times of H2 sorption cycles using 4N-H2 gas with and without LiOH pretreatment. Additionally, pulverization behavior of the powder sample with and without LiOH pretreatment was investigated. From the measurements of the equilibrium characteristics and the sizes of sample particles, the effect of LiOH pretreatment indicated that less pulverization and less reduction in the hydrogen storage capacity were yielded after 300 times of H2 sorption cycles using 4N-H2 gas.


And the inkjet recording medium, a coating composition for forming an ink jet recording medium. According to one aspect of the present invention, an ink jet recording medium is comprised of an ink jet receptive coating on the paper substrate. Inkjet receptive coating, the pigment comprises a synergistic combination of a binder and a polyvalent metal salt, whereby the ink jet recording medium indicates the ink jet printing performance is improved, in particular, when printing at a high speed ink jet printers that use pigment inks its performance is remarkable.


Classical trajectory calculations for the collision of He with CO have been carried out, with CO treated as a rigid rotor, for two similar potential energy surfaces, one obtained from high level ab initio calculations and the other from a semi-empirical fit to the infrared spectra of He-CO van der Waals dimers. Second-approximation corrections to the kinetic-theory expressions have been employed in order to carry out comparisons with the most accurate and precise diffusion, shear viscosity, thermal conductivity and thermal diffusion data available. Rotational relaxation data are also considered. Both potentials are found to have good predictive power for these transport and relaxation properties, giving on the whole very good agreement with the experimental data. This indicates that the isotropic components of the two potential surfaces are very similar, and that the anisotropies are not significantly different. It is suggested that the measurement of additional relaxation phenomena in He-CO mixtures could allow a clearer distinction to be made between the two potential surfaces.


To determine whether there is an ionic substitution of Ni, Co, Mn, and Al for Fe in synthetic goethites these materials have been studied by Mossbauer spectroscopy at various temperatures ranging from 77 to 400 K. It is found that the presence of substituting elements in magnetically ordered structure of crystals may change the shape of Mossbauer spectra of these materials. The approximate distribution function of the effective magnetic field in the Fe nucleus p(Hn) is obtained from the Mossbauer spectra. It is noted that the mean value of p(Hn) and its integral width can be taken as a measure of substitution in goethites.


This paper defines basic operations of neutrosophic numbers and neutrosophic number functions for objective functions and constraints in optimization models. Then, we propose a general neutrosophic number optimization model for the optimal design of truss structures.