This research is aimed to determine the influence from each elements of
intellectual capital (human capital, customer capital, and structural capital) to
budgetary control, and business performance. This research used resource-based
view to explain that organization should be able to develop and empower their
resources to achieve their competitive advantage.
The population of this research was the manufacturing firms in Central
Java which is listed as a Large-Scale Industry in Disperindag. The numbers of
samples that used in this study are 54 firms. The type of data that is used in this
study is the primary one and collected through questionnaires. This study used the
Partial Least Square (PLS) as the Analytical Tool.
The result of this study shows that intellectual capital from the human
capital element has the positive impact to the both of budgetary control and
business performance. Intellectual capital from the customer capital element also
has the positive impact to the both of budgetary control and business
performance. Similarly, the intellectual capital from the structural capital element
that is also has the positive impact to the both of budgetary control and business
performance.


Described is the development, testing and revision of a workbook, Design Procedures for Daylighting, Passive Solar Heating and Cooling, which emphasizes the integration of a set of calculation procedures with the building design process.


A new supersymmetric standard model based on N=1 supergravity is constructed, aiming at natural explanation for the proton stability without invoking an ad hoc discrete symmetry through R parity. The proton is protected from decay by an extra U(1) gauge symmetry. Particle contents are necessarily increased to be free from anomalies, making it possible to incorporate the superfields for right-handed neutrinos and an SU(2)-singlet Higgs boson. The vacuum expectation value of this Higgs boson, which induces spontaneous breakdown of the U(1) symmetry, yields large Majorana masses for the right-handed neutrinos, leading to small masses for the ordinary neutrinos. The linear coupling of SU(2)-doublet Higgs superfields, which is indispensable to the superpotential of the minimal supersymmetric standard model, is replaced by a trilinear coupling of the Higgs superfields, so that there is no mass parameter in the superpotential. The energy dependencies of the model parameters are studied, showing that gauge symmetry breaking is induced by radiative corrections. Certain ranges of the parameter values compatible with phenomena at the electroweak energy scale can be derived from universal values of masses-squared and trilinear coupling constants for scalar fields at a very high energy scale.


We present a new technique for preparing and characterizing brushes consisting of weak acidic monomers. The brushes consist of polystyrene−polyacrylic acid block copolymers. The block copolymers are deposited from the air/water interface on a hydrophobically modified Si wafer via the Langmuir−Blodgett technique. The titration of such brushes at low ionic strength is measured with reflectometry. It is shown that the titration curve of the grafted PAA is shifted toward higher pH with increasing grafting density, as predicted by theoretical models for weak acidic brushes.


To determine the survival and sensorineural outcome at 7–8 years in very low birthweight (VLBW) infants born in New Zealand in 1986.


Low-valued Acetes Chinensis was chosen to prepare the enzymatic hydrolysate with neuraminidase(NA) inhibitory activity by controlled hydrolysis. A novel NA inhibitory peptide was purified by gel chromatography and reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography. The IC50value of the peptide was only96. 1 μmol / L and it could also significantly inhibit influenza A virus replication in MDCK cells. The amino acid sequence of this peptide was EISYIHAEAYRRGELK which identified by LC-MS / MS and its binding with NA protein was proved by UV spectrum analysis. The accurate sites of NA protein that the peptide bind to were determined using the computer assisted software SYBYL. The largest non-toxic concentration( TC0)was1. 26 mg / mL which assayed by cell cytotoxicity experiments. The hemagglutination essay showed that this pepetide could obviously decrease the agglutination titer influenza virus in a dose-dependent manner which suggested that the antiviral activity of this peptide might be attributed to its action on multiple targets.


Proteins present in the seminal plasma and sperm influence sperm function and fertilization. The present study was carried out to characterize the electrophoretic profile of bull sperm membrane proteins and to correlate with bull fertility. Semen samples were collected from 20 breeding bulls (10 Jersey and 10 Jersey crossbred) and the sperm membrane proteins were extracted by Triton X. Heparin binding proteins were eluted with heparin column, and the molecular weight of the proteins was assessed by discontinuous sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel elecrophoresis (SDSPAGE). To assess the field fertility of the bulls, 50 frozen semen straws/bull were used for insemination. Results indicated that only 50 % of the bulls screened had 28– 30 kDa heparin binding proteins in their sperm and these bulls had 12 % higher conception than the bulls lack the protein. So, it can be concluded that the bulls positive for of 28– 30 kDa heparin binding proteins in sperm membrane protein had higher chance of fertility and screening for its presence can be used as a tool in addition to routine criteria for selecting bulls.


Applications of Echocardiog raphy ;1'1 Ischem ic Hurl Disease Combined use of M·mode and two-dimensional ecnccerdtc graphy is II very useful method for the non ';nvasive assess ment of coronary heart disease. M·mode echocardiography has an excellent resotu tlc n in depth; it gives much useful information on the interventricular septum and the left ventricu lar poUe.iar wall. and on the dimensions and re gional ruecncn of the left ventricht. Two-dimensional echo cardiography represents a major advance in the study of eoronary heart disease because it shows the entire left ven triele end provides spatiel orientation. The use of e<:ho<:erdiography in the venous manifestetions of isehemie heart disease is discussed: stable ooronary heart disease, lelt ventnculer aneurysm. myoeardial isehemia, acute myoeardial infaretion. left ventrieuler thrombi.


SCR DeNox is a main method used today,the arrangement of the guidvane is the guarantance of the DeNox efficency.This article compared some different arrangment and decided the arrangement of the guidevane,AIG and the mixer compared with the different arrangements using the CFD modeling,then through just a little adjustment to rectify the guidevane in the scale model,which made the standard deviation be less than 15% up to the catalyst layer,so the CFD modeling can guide the SCR system design.


Under the multivariant,various,changeful characteristic of social consciousness is gradually obvious situation,can we ensure that socialism core value system guides the society trend of thought diversifying all the time,is related to the Chinese nation future and destiny directly.Exactly be owing to that deepness that the circumstances accuracy analyses,to the development of the times scientific prediction and to country future pays close attention to the objective,take comrade Hu Jin Tao as the Central Committee of the Party of General Secretary attach great importance to individual morality build in the morality building effect in socialism with Chinese characteristics core value system,learning from seventeen big,essential points sharpenings individual.


Abstract. Treatment with weak acids (butyrate, isobutyrate, trimethylacetate, DMO) at a concentration of I mol m−3 in apical maize root segments induced a rapid, marked hyperpolarization (ca. 30 mV) of the transmembrane electrical potential, stable for at least 30 min. With butyrate, this effect increased with the increase of butyrate concentration in the medium, reaching a value of ca. 75 mV at a concentration of 5 mol m−3.

Both the butyrate uptake and the hyperpolarization were roughly proportional to the pH-regulated, undissociated/dissociated acid ratio in the medium. The butyrate-induced hyperpolarization was reduced progressively, but was still present when K+ concentration in the medium was raised from 1 to 10 mol m−3.

The hyperpolarization was accompanied by a significant increase of K+ uptake, and was almost completely suppressed by the presence of the protonophore carbonylcyanid-p-trichlorometoxy-phenylhydrazone (CCCP) and strongly reduced by erytrosin B, an inhibitor of some animal ATPases and of a K+-activated, DCCD- and vanadate-sensitive Mg2+-ATPase from plant microsomes. The hyperpolarization effect of butyrate was additive to that of fusicoccin at low, but not at high (5 mol m−3), concentrations of the weak acid. These results suggest that the intracellular pH regulates the activity of the electrogenic proton pump at the plasmalemma.


e12582 Background: To assess percentage of EBC pts treated with NAT in Italy, criteria of selection and types of therapies, we conducted an analysis in pts enrolled in BRIDE study. Methods: Primary objective of BRIDE was to evaluate distribution of stage I-II-III BC pts candidate to NAT and to determine both parameters that influenced the physician choice treatment (NAT or surgery) and type of NAT. Also treatment of stage IV was evaluated. Secondary objectives were DFS, PFS, OS estimate and implementation in clinical practice of AIOM v.2017 BC Guidelines. Were eligible pts with histological diagnosis of in situ or invasive carcinoma; stage I-IV (TNM v. VII); availability of cTcNM and/or pTpNM, biological parameters (G, ER/PgR, Ki-67, HER2 status); female, aged ≥18 years; written informed consent. The source of data was patients' medical charts. The logistic regression model was used to statistically detect and estimate clinico-pathological imbalances between NAT and surgical pts. Results: From 01/2018 to 01/2021, 1633 pts with newly diagnosed BC were enrolled in BRIDE from 19 Italian cancer centres. Of 1250 stage I-II-III pts, 174 (14.0%; 95% CI 12.1-16.0%) were treated with NAT and 1073 with up front surgery (missing data: 3 pts). Pts and tumor characteristics of 174 NAT pts were compared to 1073 referred to surgery. The analysis showed in 174 NAT respect to 1074 surgical pts lower median age (50.6 vs 62.4 years; p <.0001) and higher percentage of premenopausal status (53.8% vs 28.9%; p <.0001), clinical stage II (64.4% vs 30.3%; p <.0001) and III (27.0% vs 6.3%; p <.0001); ductal carcinoma (74.1% vs 60.0%; p<.001); G3 (61.1% vs 24.8%; p <.0001); Ki-67 ≥20 (63.9% vs 39.7%; p <.0001); triple negative (TN) (16.9% vs 6.4%; p <.0001), HER2+/HR+ (26.2% vs 11.0%; p <.0001) and HER2+/HR- (20.9% vs 2.8%; p <.0001) subgroups. Tumor size and lymph node status at diagnosis also influenced oncologists' choice of administered NAT: 23.4% (95% CI 19.8-27.2%; p <.0001) of patients with T>2cm and/or LN+ received NAT. According to phenotypic subgroup, NAT was administered in 30.2% of TN, 28.1% of HER2+/HR+, 55.4% of HER2+/HR-, 6.9% of HER2-/HR+. The type of NAT were: chemotherapy in 100% of TN, 6.0% of HER2+/HR-, 90.3% of HER2-/HR+ patients; chemotherapy+anti-HER2 agent in 98.0% of HER2+/HR+ and 94% in HER2+/HR- patients; hormonal therapy (HT) in 9.6% of HER2-/HR+; HT+anti-HER2 agent in one older HER2+/HR+ BC pts. Conclusions: These results showed that in clinical practice pts (age, PS, menopausal status) and tumor (stage; G; Ki-67; T>2cm and/or N+ status; phenotypic subgroup) characteristics reported in Guidelines influenced oncologists in the choice of administrate NAT in EBC. It is necessary to increase the use of NAT in TN and HER2+ EBC, considering what alternative treatments are now available for residual disease after NAT.


Thad Jones cultivated and expanded the sound of jazz by incorporating elements of rock, funk and soul music into his big band arrangements with The Thad Jones-Mel Lewis Orchestra. Though the stylistic aspects of these genres carried over onto live big band performances acoustically, Jones treated the rhythm section more as an electric small band on almost half of the ensemble's catalog of recordings dating from 1966–1977, with his use of electric instruments such as guitar, bass, piano and organ. The fact that Thad Jones chose to record with this electric instrumentation represents a truer sense of his intentions, and the recordings provide evidence of the wide spectrum of tone colors that he was hearing in his head a composer.


A significant challenge in the distribution of goods is assessing the potential threat that an individual shipping container poses. Due to the high volume of shipped goods, a primary concern is balancing accuracy and container scan time. The application of information fusion to the problem enables automated threat determination and the presentation of relevant data to an operator, in a decision support capacity, in order to maintain a sufficient level of processing. This paper outlines an approach to container threat assessment that combines data from multiple sources in order to reliably score the likelihood that a given container holds a threat. Fused data is also leveraged as a tool to optimize the routing of containers through a scanning system comprised of multiple data acquisition stations and providing data in multiple modes. Furthermore, we propose methods for the consolidated presentation of fused data to an operator in order to both minimize the time expended in container evaluation and maximize the accuracy of the assessment.


Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer (DWPT) is a promising technology for Electric Vehicle charging applications. This paper presents an electromagnetic Finite Element-State Space based characterization environment to investigate the performance characteristics of a standardized stationary wireless power transfer (SWPT) system employed as a DWPT system. This environment is applied to characterize a DWPT system utilizing multi-ground SWPT transmitter coils and a vehicle receiver coil.


Non-classical herbal formulations have gained momentum in the recent past. These formulations, however, have not been well integrated with the modern system of medicine in most of the countries in the world. This is due to the lack of enough scientific evidence pertaining to its long-term safety and efficacy. Besides, the paucity of authentic monographs on the impurity profiling, standardization protocols, lack of guideline on the fixed-dose combinations and absence of programmed pharmacovigilance plan for herbal drugs are among the major caveats. In recent years, few issues pertaining to the classical herbal formulations are being addressed to some extent. However, the issues on non-classical modern formulations remain the same. Hence, the objective of this mini-review is to shed light on the major flaws and challenges of these formulations and provide some expert opinion to counter these issues.


In this paper we deal with a new tour construction procedure for the asymmetric traveling salesman problem. This heuristic is based on a new patching operation which joins three subtours together. Regarding the efficiency of this procedure, we present an empirical analysis. It is well-known that the assignment problem is a relaxation of the traveling salesman problem (TSP). Thus, if the optimal assignment is a tour, then it is also an optimal solution of the TSP. Otherwise it consists of disjoint cycles. For some special cases of the TSP, these cycles can be patched into an optimal tour. The first algorithm based on this technique was presented by P. C. Gilmore and R. E. Gomory in [1]. Their idea was involved in several procedures solving different special TSP models. A nice discussion of the well-solved cases can be found in [3]. For the general TSP there is no effective procedure to convert the optimal assignment into an optimal tour. Nevertheless as the computational experiments of E. Balas and P. Toth (see [3]) show, the lower bound resulting from the assignment problem is often very tight. On the other hand, the number of the cycles of the optimal assignment is not large in general. These facts suggest that a suitable subtour patching method may result in a good TSP heuristic. The first such heuristic for the asymmetric TSP was presented by R. M. Karp [5] and a similar one was given in [3]. In both cases the method converts the optimal assignment into a tour by a sequence of patching operations, each of which joins two cycles together. Our procedure is based on such a patching operation which joins three cycles together if the number of the cycles of the optimal assignment is not large. Algorithms joining four or more cycles in each step have too high complexity. As far as the number of the cycles is concerned, it is known that if we choose a permutation of {1 , . . . ,n ) at random, then the expected number of its cycles is log(n) (see e.g. [4]). We can, however, restrict our consideration for permutations without a fixpoint. Indeed, without loss of generality we may assume that the optimal assignment does not contain diagonal elements. Such an assignment can be achieved by choosing suitably large coefficients in the diagonal of the cost matrix. "Department of Informatics, József Attila University, P.O. Box 652, H6701 Szeged, Hungary ^Institute of Mathematics, Technical University of Graz, Kopernikusgasse 24, A-8010 Graz, Austria.


We realize the dark state in a three-dimensional transmon superconducting qutrit that consists of three cascading energy levels: |0⟩, |1⟩, and |2⟩. When the system is simultaneously driven with two tone microwaves on resonance with |0⟩, |1⟩ and |1⟩, |2⟩, respectively, it is found that the state of the system will generally evolve in time domain. However, the qutrit state is frozen-out if it is initialized in a dark state for corresponding drive amplitudes. We observe this freeze-out phenomenon by changing the amplitude of the microwaves while fixing the initial state or vice versa.


Three dye traces in sinkholes near Goliath's Cave in the Cherry Grove Blind Valley Science and Natural Area. Traces were conducted to better understand groundwater-surface water interactions in and above the Goliath's Cave System. A collaborative effort between the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources and the University of Minnesota.


The current study aimed to evaluate the influence of the addition of pumpkin peel flour (PPF) on physicochemical, cooking and sensory characteristics of bovine burger. Five hamburgers were formulated: F1 - standard (0% PPF) and the others added 1% (F2), 2% (F3), 3% (F4) and 4% (F5) of PPF. The PPF was characterized by high contents of minerals, carbohydrate and dietary fiber, which improved nutritional profile of hamburger. There was an increase on cooking yield, moisture retention and reduction of shrinkage and fat retention, as the level of PPF addition increased. The incorporation of PPF at 3% and 4% in the product increased significantly (p<0.05) the values of L*, a* and b*. Similar acceptability to the standard sample was verified on products with addition of up to 3% PPF. All formulations showed an acceptability index greater than 70%.
Thus PPF is a potential ingredient for the formulation of bovine burger to improve its nutritional and technological properties without modification of the sensorial characteristics.


Women in some parts of England have to wait up to two months from first seeking advice about an abortion to having the procedure, says a survey. The delays in referral mean that many women are presenting to services later than nine weeks pregnant and cannot be considered for early medical termination using the abortion pill, mifepristone, despite this being a popular option among women.

The survey, from the All-Party Parliamentary Pro-Choice and Sexual Health Group, shows that only 52% of the primary care trusts (PCTs) that have …


The project, 'Wide-area Adaptive Coordinated Control System for Multiple HVDC (MIDC) Links' has been set up by China Southern Power Grid (CSG) as a pivot project, and developed by CSG and its collaborators. The aim of the project is to damp down the inter-area oscillation in CSG based on a wide-area measurement system (WAMS) and adaptive coordinated modulation technologies of MIDC. The stage of theoretical research and control system prototype developing was over, and a RTDS test was carreid out in the RTDS laboratory of CSG with a closed-loop system of the prototype, and the HVDC Pole Control Cubes as well as the RTDS system. The paper introduces the state-of-arts and prospect of wide-area stability control techniques, then some key technical issues arising from RTDS test of the project are discussed.


Stem and Branch Diameter Response in Pruned Douglas-fir Plantations (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii): Implications for Volume and Clear Wood Production in the U.S. Pacific Northwest


The generation of municipal waste is inextricably linked to human functioning. In Poland since 1 July 2011, as a result of legislative changes, the approach to municipal waste has changed. Since then, municipalities have been the owners of waste and are responsible for achieving the appropriate levels of indicators imposed by European legislation. These changes necessitate the need for solutions that will teach residents of individual municipalities to segregate waste and the use of specific discipline imposed observance of the waste collection schedules. Different municipalities use different methods of educating residents to separate waste. In most cases, the greatest emphasis is placed on school age education. The knowledge passed on to children is also addressed to adults. The article presents examples of the use of eco-education used in the management of waste management systems in Poland. #0#


Isolation of solid phases containing potassium, tin(II), and sulphate has been attempted from aqueous K–SnII–SO4 and K–SnII–SO4–X (X = F, Cl, Br, I, or NO3) systems. The only phases isolated were potassium tin(II) sulphate of composition ranging from K2Sn(SO4)2 to K2Sn2(SO4)3, and potassium tin(II) chloride- and bromide-sulphates, K3Sn2(SO4)3X. Single-crystal X-ray studies show the former to be essentially similar to the well known K2Pb(SO4)2, except for a marked tendency to form solid solutions with the simple SnII sulphate. The chloro- and bromo-compounds are shown to be closely similar to chlorapatites, with SO42– replacing PO43–. Mossbauer spectra of these phases are discussed in relation to the proposed structures.


We determined patterns of variation in leaf morphology along independent gradients of elevation, precipitation, and substrate age for the wide-ranging Hawaiian species Metrosideros polymorpha. Leaf mass per unit area, leaf size, and the quantity of leaf pubescence all varied significantly and independently along these gradients. Most importantly, leaf mass per area increased, leaf size decreased, and the amount of pubescence increased with increasing elevation from 70 to 2350 m. Pubescence accounted for up to 35 percent of leaf mass in the high elevation sites.


State-owned assets for business operation management system implements three patterns of State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council, state-owned assets operation subject, operation enterprises, and the paper analyzes supervised uncertainty principal-agent gaming principle, which is used in state-owned assets for business operation management system, and establishes the three levels' principal-agent model, with its Nash Equilibrium calculated.


The paper presents an in-depth production study to examine the relation between global discourse structure and prosodic features such as pause duration and register variation. In the SDRS-model (Asher 1993), the global structure of discourse is defined as a set of formal relations among the individual discourse segments. These relations are illustrated by an analysis of the opening paragraph of a short story. The paragraph was read by one female speaker, producing 18 intonational phrases. It turned out that the length of a pause correlated well with an abstract discourse relation that Asher formally defined as d-dominance. Another important global parameter which integrates more than one intonational phrase and which correlates with the semantic discourse relations is intonational register. Following Clements (1981), I present a 2-level model of register feature representation and preliminary results concerning the interface between semantic SDRS-structure and phonological register


Disclosed is a mobile communication system which includes user equipment, radio base stations which communicate with the user equipment, and an upper level apparatus which communicates with the radio base stations. Each of the radio base stations includes a control unit and an inter-node communication unit. The control unit hands over a communication with user equipment to a hand-over target basestation. The control unit prepares a forwarding packet which includes data addressed to the user equipment and is not transmitted and delay value identification information for specifying a delay value of the data that is not transmitted at the time of a hand-over. The inter-node communication unit transmits forwarding packets to a hand-over target base station.


Racemization of L-phenylalanine methyl ester was improved,and effect of catalyst,catalyst dosage and reaction time was studied.Result indicated that the optimal condition was molar ratio of salicylaldehyde to L-phenylalanine methyl ester of 0.1,with 0.1 molar of D072 ion-exchange resin as catalyst and refluxing the mixture.


Context
The transgender population continues to face challenges in accessing appropriate health care. Adequate training of endocrinologists in this area is a priority.

Objectives
Assess the status of transgender health care education in US endocrinology fellowship training programs and assess knowledge and practice of transgender health among practicing US endocrinologists.

Design
Mayo Clinic and the Endocrine Society developed and administered a Web-based anonymous survey to 104 endocrinology fellowship program directors (PDs; members of the Association of Program Directors in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism) and 6992 US medical doctor members of Endocrine Society.

Results
There were 54 total responses from 104 PDs (51.9%). Thirty-five of these 54 programs (72.2%) provide teaching on transgender health topics; however, 93.8% respondents indicated that fellowship training in this area is important. Barriers to provision of education included lack of faculty interest or experience. The most desired strategies to increase transgender-specific content included online training modules for trainees and faculty. Of 411 practicing clinician responders, almost 80% have treated a transgender patient, but 80.6% have never received training on care of transgender patients. Clinicians were very or somewhat confident in terms of definitions (77.1%), taking a history (63.3%), and prescribing hormones (64.8%); however, low confidence was reported outside of the hormonal realm. The most requested methods of education included online training modules and presentation of transgender topics at meetings.

Conclusions
Confidence and competence in transgender health needs to increase among endocrinologists. Strategies include the development of online training modules, expansion of formal transgender curricula in fellowship programs, and presentations at national and international meetings.


By studying the behavior characteristics of visiting world wide web by the specifical campus group,a dynamic group interest network was constructed in the form of a para-bipartite graph.The time features of the visiting world-wide-web by group user were observed and the topological structure was discussed.The degree exponents were drafted form one week data.Although the users′ visiting time was random and their visited pages were different but the interests of the majority in the campus group were accordant.The results indicate that the incoming degree distribution of the group interest network follows power law,and the group interest spectrum is basically steady.The visiting behaviors of the campus group observed their special discipline.


Successful aesthetic outcomes of breast reduction operations depend on the surgeon's understanding of the available techniques. In this study, comparison between breast reduction using medial pedicle (20 breasts-10 patients) and breast reduction using inferior pedicle (20 breasts-10 patients) both adapted for vertical skin closure was done. Points of comparison were: Amount of breast tissue reduction, length of vertical scar, both early and later maintenance of breast shape, operative time, complications, and overall patients' satisfaction. Regarding patients' satisfaction and complication rates, there was no significant difference between the 2 groups. Although, medial pedicle technique allowed less amount of breast tissue reduction, longer vertical scar and early over-projecting and inferiorly flattened contour, it provided shorter operative time and more improved long term shape retention. While inferior pedicle technique allowed more amount of breast tissue reduction, shorter vertical scar and early natural breast contour, but it provided longer operative time and inevitable later bottoming out.


We used crown measurements to analyze the anthropological characteristics of three Tungusic tribes, Ewenki, Hezhen, and Oroqen, residing in the Amur River basin of China. Previous findings suggest that Amur River basin populations were involved in the population structure of Tungusic people. We then compared our findings with those of individuals with a north Asian ethnic background to examine the distribution of those characteristics in north Asian Mongoloids (1). The total crown area was classified as Sinodont (2). A deviation diagram showed scant differences among Hezhen, Oroqen, and Okhotsk individuals, indicating the closeness of those populations (3). Q-mode correlation coefficients and 2-dimensional expression suggested that Tungusic individuals were the Central Asia type. Hezhen and Oroqen were plotted closer to Okhotsk cultural K a t a o k a e t a l . O R I G I N A L S C I E N T I F I C P A P E R Bull Int Assoc Paleodont. Volume 9, Number 1, 2015 www.paleodontology.com 4 people, and closely related. Race mixture occurred among the Baikal, then spread from Lake Baikal and Central Asia from the south in the post-Neolithic Era, and the groups gradually diffused to the lower Amur region. Therefore, it is reasonable to conclude that a different degree of miscegenation occurred between the Baikal and Central Asian regions in the area from Lake Baikal to lower Amur in accordance with the geographical features.


The report by Heutink and colleagues [l] in this issue of Annals of Neuroloa is the latest in a series of four reports linking familial neurodegenerative disorders to 17q2 1-22. In showing that frontoremporal dementia (FTD) is a heritable disorder, the report may also serve to solidify the concept, if not the name, of FTD. Like most neurologists and neuropathologists, I was only vaguely aware several years ago of the nosological entity described mostly in the European literature as FTD. When my laboratory published a report describing linkage between 17q21-22 and a syndrome characterized clinically by disinhibition, atypical dementia, parkinsonism, and amyotrophy (DDPAC) and pathologically by nonspecific findings, we believed we were describing a new clinical disorder [2]. We unintentionally contributed yet another name to the group of disorders that fit within the clinical spectrum of FTD. Similarly, a group of neuropathologists informally surveyed agreed that they had never seen a case of FTD. In retrospect they undoubtedly had seen similar cases, but also would have described them with different names. The first clinical description of the syndrome referred to here as FTD is probably that of Arnold Pick. Indeed, the families studied by Heutink and colleagues were reported previously as having hereditary Pick's disease. Subsequent to Pick's clinical description, Alois Alzheimer described the argentophilic intraneuronal inclusions that have become a required diagnostic feature, to many neuropathologists, for the disorder referred to as Picks disease. The controversy among pathologists as to whether the diagnosis of Picks disease requires Pick inclusion bodies has created a particularly fertile ground for the proliferation of nosological entities for lobar degeneration without Pick inclusions. With their collaborators, Arne Brun and Lars Gustafson of Lund, Sweden, attempted to find order among their cases of non-Alzheimer's dementia when they described frontotemporal lobe degeneration of the non-Alzheimer type (a subtype of what is now referred to as FTD) [3]. It appears that Knopman and coworkers [4] were studying similar subjects when they described "dementia with non-specific findings." Although it is difficult to reconstruct the origins of an idea, I suspect that the Lund group's practice of preparing hemispheric coronal hemibrain histological sections and performing cerebral blood flow studies for their demented subjects provided them with the clue that the topological pattern of neuronal loss and gliosis is the key to diagnosing what is now referred to as FTD . The clinical and pathological features of FTD have been codified in the Lund and Manchester consensus statement [5] and recently were extended in a monograph by the Manchester group headed by David Neary [GI. Unfortunately, these criteria are more guidelines than operational criteria and have not been widely adopted. Unlike Alzheimer's disease (AD), there is relative preservation of spatial orientation and praxis in FTD. It is this single feature that may be most important in distinguishing FTD from AD and vascular dementia. Unfortunately, this sparing is only relative and as FTD progresses, it becomes more difficult to distinguish it from AD. Given the broadness of criteria for AD, FTD is usually misdiagnosed as AD. Features that support the differential diagnosis of FTD include a positive family history and onset before the age of 65. Many cases we have seen were identified because of long histories of behavioral disturbance beginning in the third and fourth decades, a feature uncommon to AD. It is difficult to know what fraction of dementia is caused by FTD. Most information comes from patient series that may have ascertainment biases. In some series the diagnosis of FTD was never made, possibly because it was not recognized or was called something else. The autopsy series from Lund and Manchester suggests that FTD accounts for 10% of dementia, and a significantly higher fraction of dementia in the presenium. The recent autopsy series from the Consortium To Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) study of subjects who were clinically diagnosed with probable AD suggests that the FTD spectrum accounts for 2 to 8% (depending on the diagnostic criteria) of dementia at a minimum [7]. Operational limits of the range of pathology in FTD have not been defined. Linkage analysis suggests that the pathological criterion is too restrictive. Although the pathology of DDPAC clearly fits within the guidelines for frontal lobe degeneration with motor neuron disease subtype of FTD, the other reported chromosome 17-linked syndromes do not. Zibigniew Wszolek at the University of Nebraska-Omaha has been working with the second 17q21-22-linked family with more than 30 affected individuals who have rapidly progressive parkinsonian dementia with pallidopontonigral degeneration (PPND) [8]. PPND primarily differs from DDPAC in that the pathology is more subcortical, again with neuronal loss and gliosis, but without pathognomonic features. The small chromosome 17-linked family described as having familial progressive subcortical gliosis (FPSG) by Douglas Lan-


In 2002, a two-year study was started to check for Chrysanthemum stunt viroid (CSVd) during the production
and selective breeding of new chrysanthemum varieties in a central-Italy flower-growing farm. Two molecular
techniques, one-tube RT-PCR and tissue printing for hybridization assays, were improved for their effectiveness
in viroid detection at different stages of plant selection. Both molecular techniques proved sensitive, reliable and
easy to apply in a programme of routine indexing for the production of new and healthy chrysanthemum varieties.


A process for converting methane to higher molecular weight hydrocarbons comprises (A) reforming (1) methane by catalytic reaction with steam at elevated temperature to generate carbon monoxide and hydrogen; (B) subjecting the mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen to a Fischer-Tropsch reaction (2, 3) to generate one or more higher molecular weight hydrocarbons and water; and (C) extracting or removing one or more oxygenates (4) from the water. The oxygenates are either or both: on start-up of the process, catalytically combusted to provide heat for step (A), and replaced at least in part with methane from tail gas from step (B) when the temperature attains or exceeds the combustion temperature of methane; and/or used as a fuel-enhancer for tail gas from step (B) for steady-state heat provision in step (A).


ABSTRACT Aim: Promitil® is a pegylated liposome formulation of a lipid-based prodrug of mitomycin C (MLP). MLP is activated to mitomycin C (MMC) by thiolytic cleavage. Pre-clinical studies of Promitil have shown long circulation time, reduced toxicity, and improved therapeutic index over MMC. The primary objectives of this study were to determine the maximal tolerated dose (MTD), identify dose-limiting toxicities (DLT), and characterize the pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of Promitil. Secondary objectives were to evaluate the safety profile of Promitil and anti-tumor responses. Plasma levels of sC5b-9 complex were measured to detect liposome infusion-related complement activation. Methods: Enrolled patients were diagnosed with advanced solid tumors. Promitil was administered i.v. at 4-week intervals starting with an MLP dose of 0.5 mg/kg and escalating at 0.5 mg/kg stepwise increments. Each dose level cohort consisted of 3-6 patients. Dose escalation proceeded if no DLT observed after the 1st cycle. Each patient was scheduled to receive 3 cycles with PK analysis in 1st and 3rd cycles, and undergo re-evaluation in the 12th week, unless early discontinuation was clinically indicated. Treatment continuation beyond 3 cycles was at the discretion of the investigators. Results: 27 patients received 100 Promitil infusions (median = 3 cycles/patient; range = 1-12) between 18Nov2012 and 04May2014. The highest dose level tested was 3.5 mg/kg (=1.03 mg/kg MMC-equivalents) in a cohort of 6 patients. Although no DLT was observed for single dose Promitil, the occurrence of several cases of delayed thrombocytopenia grade 2-3 after 3 or more cycles of Promitil in patients treated at lower dose levels (2-3 mg/kg) led us to terminate dose escalation. The 1st cycle MTD of Promitil is 3 mg/kg and the recommended dose for additional cycles is 2 mg/kg at intervals of 28 days. PK analysis indicates MLP has a slow, nearly mono-exponential clearance, with a half-life of 20-24 hours and a small volume of distribution similar to blood volume. Conclusions: The single dose MTD and the 12-week maximal cumulative dose of Promitil in MMC-equivalents are ∼3-fold greater than for MMC. Thrombocytopenia is cumulative dose limiting. The PK is characteristically Stealth-like as with other pegylated liposomes. Final results of safety, complement activation, PK, and tumor responses will be presented. Disclosure: A.A. Gabizon: is founder, director, and chief scientist of Lipomedix Pharmaceuticals, the company developing the product Promitil; Y. Amitay: works as a Senior Scientist in Lipomedix Pharmaceuticals; P. Ohana: is Director of Medical Affairs for Lipomedix Pharmaceuticals. All other authors have declared no conflicts of interest.


In this work, a broadband single pole triple throw (SP3T) switch that operates between a frequency range of 0.02 – 6 GHz is reconfigured by means of wireless power transfer (WPT) through an energy harvesting (EH) circuit. The WPT is achieved by designing three rectennas working at 2.3 GHz, 2.45 GHz, and 2.6 GHz. Each rectenna consists of a low-power RF rectifier circuit associated with a distinct antenna element and a commercially available e-peas AEM30940 power management unit (PMU) that is able to provide an output of 1.8 V – 4.1 V with cold start-up from 380 mV and 3 µW input power. The PMU also consists of a storage capacitor where the energy from the low power received signal is stored. The three input pins of the SP3T switch require a driving voltage of 1.8 V to actuate its RF port. This voltage is provided by the designed rectennas through the PMU, and we can actuate the switch with a very low power (3 µW) received signal. The rectennas are designed to provide the 380 mV between −12 dBm to −10 dBm received power with a conversion efficiency of approx. 40 %for each rectenna. The proposed method to wirelessly enable the SP3T switch with a low-power RF signal can provide a breakthrough to reconfigure microwave devices and antennas for a broad range of applications, and also paves the way not only for the generation of clean energy, but also for its use as an alternative to batteries.


The antenna assembly incorporated in the radio communication terminal is provided. The antenna assembly comprises a substrate of the radio communication terminal of the present invention; The case having been mounted on a substrate, at least one portion arranged to be formed through the top surface portion of the substrate is exposed; The antenna unit is mounted to the upper surface of the case and emitting an electric signal to the outside of the substrate, to receive an external signal; And an elastic unit disposed in the said arranged to provide a resilient force to maintain contact with the substrate and the antenna vice onto the substrate and the antenna part it to electrically connect, the bottom of each contact, the substrate, the antenna unit; including do. According to the antenna assembly of the wireless communication terminal of the present invention, it can exhibit a uniform performance by always constant the path passes through the electric signal and the electric wave, and to reduce manufacturing costs by reducing the component parts, the configuration that can improve the assembly workability it is possible to reduce the parts reduces manufacturing costs and improve assembly workability. The radio communication terminal, the antenna, configuration unit, the elastic unit, the radiation


Every business strives to increase its productivity and stay sustainable. In order to maintain existing markets and enter new ones, businesses will collaborate and partner with various stakeholders. Most of the major issues confronting our society, including the environment, require strong partnerships. A growing number of startups support positive social and environmental changes—these startups are comprised of social entrepreneurs or socially responsible companies. This article discusses the opportunity businesses might have in partnering with social enterprises or by making a social enterprise a supply chain member. Some simple examples of social enterprises as a focal firm or an integrated member of a supply chain provide insights into this relationship. This article highlights benefits companies might experience from partnering with social enterprises.


Disclosed are a device for opening a Ausgusskanals of metallurgical vessels such as ladles or the like, wherein the Ausgusskanal is arranged on the lined bottom of the vessel, with at least two slide plates (5, 7) having sliding gate valve comprising a stationary and connected to the vessel slide plate (5) and with at least one of these is in operative contact with the displaceable slide plate (7), all the slide plates (5, 7) at least one pouring orifice (6, 8) and are in such relative to each other that for opening and flowing out of the melt, the pouring openings (6, 8) are brought into alignment. A quality improvement through reduction of the oxide input into tundish and Blockkokkilen and thus to achieve an improvement in efficiency, according to the invention does not use any Slide Gate by a plug (12) is arranged above the sliding gate valve, the size of which exceeds the diameter of Ausgusskanals and is connected to the lining of the vessel, and that the sliding gate valve, a gas supply line (10) which is so acted upon by a gas under pressure, that the plug (12) is pneumatically leachable from its closed position to release the Ausgusskanals,


The influences of CaO on the formation and growth of iron whiskers and their mechanism in the reduction of iron oxide under CO atmosphere were studied.In situ observations on the development of iron whiskers were carried out using a stereo optical microscope and a hot stage under CO atmosphere.The reduced samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR).It is indicated that the formation and growth of iron whiskers proceed in the stage of FeO being reduced to Fe and CaO has a negative effect on the reduction of iron oxide.When the mass fraction of CaO mixing into the sample is more than 8%,iron whiskers can not be observed.Therefore,controlling the amount of CaO mixing into the sample can inhibit the formation and growth of iron whiskers and reduce ore grain agglomeration.


Severe tetanus remains a serious issue in less developed countries, leading to prolonged hospitalization due to prolonged neuromuscular contraction of muscles. We present a case of severe tetanus in the United States that was successfully managed with intrathecal baclofen.


Environmental problems are linked to economic, cultural, social and political issues. Social Technology (ST) incorporates cultural elements and attempts to balance the lack of income and employment with environmental preservation and social justice. The present study aimed to identify (i) which macro-theories have been used in research on ST with environmental issues and (ii) an analysis based on the double matrix for sustainability. A survey of dissertations and theses was carried out from 2000 to 2019. Twelve papers were identified. The results indicate that Marxism was the most used macrotheory. It was also observed that the ST have economic, cultural, environmental and political sustainability as they address issues of income, food, water, environmental and cultural preservation. Thus, it appears that the ST, from the evaluation of the double entry matrix, can answer some challenges essential to human development combined with environmental preservation.


This work aims to present a few considerations regarding important matters related to the formation and performance of teachers in Brazil. More specifically, it aims to portray the challenges originated from inclusive policies in regular schools. Analytical elements about the responsibilities and attributions of specialized teachers are presented, considering the perspective that inclusive education could and should be understood as a unique opportunity for development, not only for the school as for all its actors. Information referring to the place of formation and its implications are also mentioned, including initial formation, continued formation and specialization courses. This data often present as lack of preparation by the teachers to face the challenges they meet. Considering that, a few strategies regarding the enhancement of formation are pointed, of which the collaborative work is highlighted, although not free from conflicts. At last, some questions are raised about changes in paradigm so that school education can effectively head to a systemic renovation that would allow the reformulation of education policies in the context of school inclusion.


Introduction_
 Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is considered the preferred reperfusion therapy in patients with ST-elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI). Despite compelling evidence regarding the benefits of timely reperfusion using PCI, many STEMI patients present to or are transported to non-PCI-capable hospitals. This study identified the spatial distribution of STEMI patient residences for those admitted to non-PCI-capable hospitals in Miami-Dade County and evaluated the proximity of these patients to PCI-providing hospitals.

 Methods_
 First admissions of Florida residents diagnosed with a STEMI (ICD-9-CM codes 410.0 - 410.6, 410.8) to a Miami-Dade County hospital in 2007 were identified using a comprehensive inpatient surveillance system database. Residential zipcodes were available for all patients. Geographic information systems were used to geocode 22 hospitals (13 non-PCI-capable and nine medium/high volume PCI hospitals) and map the percent of STEMI patients admitted to non-PCI-capable hospitals at the 5-digit zip code level.

 Results_
 Miami-Dade is the 9th most populous county in the U.S., with 5 hospitals that performed >400 PCIs in 2007.Whereas the 13 non-PCI-capable hospitals were scattered throughout the county, the 9 PCI-capable hospitals were located primarily in the northeast quadrant. In 2007, 17.1% of 1,143 STEMI patients were admitted to non-PCI capable hospitals. Despite being located within 6 miles of a PCI-capable hospital, 6 zip codes within the northeast region had more than 50% of their STEMI patients admitted to a non-PCI-capable hospital. Zip codes located in the southwestern quadrant were between 9 and 20 miles from a PCI-capable hospital. The percent of STEMI patients residing in these zip codes who were admitted to non-PCI-capable hospitals varied from 50-60% (2), 25-50% (5), and 11% (1).

 Conclusions_
 Despite residing in close proximity to a number of PCI-capable hospitals, many STEMI patients in Miami-Dade county were admitted to a non-PCI-capable hospital in 2007. Our results suggest that a high degree of hospital competition may not improve quality of care for STEMI patients.


This article deals with the descriptive representation for the organization of a collection of clothes in the Museum of Immigration of the State of Sao Paulo. The objective is to present a proposal for cataloging, from a piece of clothing, based on data provided by the museum's documentation analyst, using IFLA principles and the Resource Description and Access (RDA) code, in order to contribute with the retrieval of information in a more detailed and effective way for the researcher. The methodology used consists of a bibliographical survey about the history of cataloging, which supports some concepts and definitions about clothing; and an on-site field study, for the verification of the collection composed of approximately 700 pieces of clothing, among accessories and clothing. The theoretical support that supports the research includes authors from the field of Information Science, History and History of Fashion, such as Mey, Silveira, Barbosa, Braga and Cotrim


One of the major current challenges facing European agriculture is to achieve an important reduction of pesticides use. If farmers are first in line facing this challenge, agricultural extension is expected to play a key role in this achievement. However, while government funding got substantially reduced, agricultural extension was growingly provided by private actors, and with farmers supporting most of its costs. In which extent this new context of advisory provision is likely to enable innovative processes turned toward low pesticide use? This exploratory research, implemented in the framework of ENDURE network in 2009 is based on data collected in Denmark, France, Netherlands and United Kingdom. We analyze the attitudes (discourse and practice) of different advisors and advisory organizations, ranging from input suppliers, to consulting firms, from private profit-orientated organizations to non-profit and public organizations. Our different results firstly lead us to call into question the capacity of the current advisory practices, grounded in both one-to-one relations and commercial interests, to enable the growth of real innovative practices and strategies in crop protection. Furthermore we underline how, with no strong economical driving forces, advisors and farmers will very likely continue to be stuck into "optimization" processes, and the formers can difficultly favour implementation of innovative and radical changes in the latter pest management strategies.


A new type of multivariate spline, based on tensor-product splines, is introduced and applied for function approximation purposes. An algorithm for system identification using these multiplex splines is developed and validated on DelFly II flight tests data.


Descriptions and scanning electron micrographs of the shell, protoconch, radula, and gross external anatomy are provided for four species of cocculiniform limpets collected from hadal depths of the Cayman and Puerto Rico trenches. Of these, one represents a new genus and species, Macleaniella moskalevi (Cocculinidae), endemic to the Puerto Rico Trench. Another, Amphiplica plutonica (Pseudococculinidae), represents a new species from the Cayman Trench of a globally distributed abyssal genus. The original descriptions of the remaining two species, Fedikovella caymanensis (Cocculinidae) and Caymanabyssia spina (Pseudococculinidae), both from the Cayman Trench and type species of their respective genera, contained only poorly reproduced illustrations of portions of the shells, and line drawings of isolated rows of radular teeth. These four species, each apparently endemic to their respective trenches, represent the deepest records of molluscs collected in the Atlantic Ocean. Additional key words: Deep-sea, Cocculinidae, Pseudococculinidae Cocculiniform limpets have remained one of the Harasewych (1995) provided morphological data on most taxonomically perplexing and enigmatic groups previously described and new bathyal and abyssal speof gastropods since their first discovery at bathyal cies, but were unable to examine representatives of the depths along the western Atlantic over a century ago two known hadal taxa. Subsequently, we were able to (Dall 1882). Since then, the accelerating pace of deepstudy samples from 24 hadal bottom trawlings on the sea sampling, especially through the use of research floors of the Cayman and Puerto Rico Trenches that submersibles, has greatly increased the number of were collected by the University of Miami research known cocculiniform taxa. This, in turn, has prompted vessels John Elliott Pillsbuiy and James M. Gilliss growing interest in all aspects of the systematics and during the late 1960s and 1970s. Collected as part of biology of these animals (e.g., Moskalev 1976; Hickthe National Geographic SocietyPJational Science man 1983; Marshall 1986; Haszprunar 1987, 1988a,b; Foundation-funded project "Investigations of the BiMcLean 1987, 1988, 1991, 1992; Dantart & Luque ology and Distribution of the Tropical Deep-sea Fau1994; McLean & Harasewych 1995; Haszprunar & na" (Table 1; Voss 1973, 1976), the samples were deMcLean 1996). Today, well over a hundred species are posited in the Marine Invertebrate Museum, Rosenstiel divided among two superfamilies and ten families, School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Univerwith each family restricted to one or a very few biosity of Miami (UMML). Similar explorations in the genic substrates that sink into the deep sea (see Hasame two trenches were carried out during Cruise 14 szprunar 1988a). Of these, the best known and most of the Russian vessel Akademik Kurchatov in 1973 diverse are the Cocculinidae (superfamily Cocculino(Pasternak et al. 1975; Wolff 1979). Aside from brief idea) and the Pseudococculinidae (superfamily Lepetelloidea), by virtue of their association with sunken references in articles on deep-sea ecology (e.g., wood and plant material, which are more easily samGeorge & Higgins 1979; Wolff 1979, 1980), the bulk pled than other substrates. of the UMML samples, which include hadal represenIn a recent review of the cocculinid and pseudococtatives of several invertebrate groups, remained essenculinid limpets of the western Atlantic, McLean & tially untouched. Four species of cocculiniform limpets were present in 10 of these 24 trawlings. The species referable to the family Cocculinidae are Fe" Author for correspondence. E-mail: email@example.com dikovella caymanensis MOSKALEV, 1976 and Maclean-117 Hadal cocculiniform limpets Table 1. Hadal stations occupied by the University of Miami R N s John Elliott Pillsbziry (P) and James M. Gilliss (GS) along the northern boundary of the Caribbean Plate. Locations are Puerto Rico Trench (PRT), north of Puerto Rico Trench (NPRT) and Cayman Trench (CT). Depths are corrected. Locations represented by stations P-1406 and GS-121 are also respectively known as Milwaukee Deep and Oriente Deep. Station P-1376 is not hadal, but provided specimens of Macleaniella moskalevi. Gear used was either 10' Blake trawl (BT) or 41' otter trawl (OT). Signs (+) indicate stations yielding benthic molluscs, and (++) stations yielding cocculiniform limpets. Cruise Station Location Coordinates Depth (m)


Materiel maintenance funds simulation system is designed in the OpenBlock platform based on the block diagram model.The function and implement of the main modes in the system are analyzed.Key models such as flight plan producing,decision-making,overhaul,check before flight and scheduled maintenance are constructed,to describe the complex consume process of maintenance funds during flight training,in order to evaluate and analyze maintenance funds quantitatively.Finally,maintenance funds of a flying corps is simulated in the system,and the results show that the method mentioned in the paper can satisfy the accuracy of maintenance funds prediction and provide the effective tool for the flight training fund management.


The role of mobile applications viewed as a promising opportunity to provide support for patients suffering from Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). The current bibliometric study aimed to explore and synthesize the publication data related to the use of mobile applications for PTSD treatment published in highly ranked and cited by the journals which indexed and ranked in Web of Science Core Collection, in the period of 2010 to 2019. The authors analyzed papers in order to find out the patterns of research domains in mobile applications-technologies and PTSD treatment. The findings showed that use of mobile applications as a supportive tool in psychological treatment of PTSD has been explored from various researcher's studies.


In a recent report on Vocational Education Francesca Beddie suggested that 'we can use history as a policy tool for uncovering trends, explaining institutional cultures and preventing the re-application of ideas already tested' (2014, p.4). With this in mind this paper will explore the history of reading and the provision of libraries and education to prisoners historically in Australia and reflect on what this can tell us about the provision of such services in the contemporary context. In doing so there is an assumption that libraries have are integral to the provision of education and training and one pillar in the services underpinning such provision. A serendipitous alignment in the location of this conference contributes to this discussion where the Alexander Maconichie correctional centre, a new model prison is located in the ACT. Its naming is no coincidence and is an important name in the historical narrative of Australian prison libraries. Using ongoing research into the motivation behind the establishment of early Australian penal libraries and the motivation for the use of the prison library in contemporary Australia this presentation will reflect on the place of books in the life of the prisoner and community attitudes towards education, crime and punishment.


Objective:To explore the way and the key of perinatal nursing for late twin pregnancy with single fetus inevitable abortion.Methods:Give basic nursing,psychological care,diet care,maternal and fetal surveillance to the twin pregnancy with a fetus inevitable abortion,and prevention of infection,prevention of pressure ulcers,prevention of premature labor of another fetus and postpartum hemorrhage,and to give discharge health guidance.Results:The newborn baby survival in good condition,Apgar score was 10,10,10 points.Maternal intrauterine infection did not occur,no postpartum hemorrhage and acute renal failure,and post a good recovery.Conclusion:Basic life care,psychological counseling timely,detailed dietary guidance,strict maternal and fetal surveillance,strengthening anti-infection care,prevention premature labor,postpartum hemorrhage and give discharge guidance.These measures have important significance,It can improve the another Fetal survival rate and health of the puerpera.


Over the past decade, a growing body of literature has emerged that deals with processes of transnationalism, migration and diasporic networks. Although religion seems to play an important role in constructions of social identity of many dispersed communities all around the globe, it received comparatively little attention within the field of research on processes of deterritorialisation. Transmigrants transport religious ideas, practices and sacred objects from one place to another, while simultaneously changing or redefining ideas about belief, ritual, gender roles, religious authorities or sacred places. Focusing on transnational religious networks, we suggest to explore the ('real', 'virtual' or 'imaginary') connections/disconnections between sacred centres, religious leaders and dispersed moral communities. Relevant questions to be addressed in regard to travelling religions in terms of moral circuits concern a. the role of the media (internet, video, tv, films etc.), b. practices through which religious authorities/actors become global players, c. the politics of religion in local/national settings and d. contestations and power struggles within and between different religious groups across social and political boundaries. We would encourage participants to explore these issues from a gendered perspective since the different performances of women and men in transnational religious movements (and their possible transformations) yet call for greater attention in the scholarly discourse of diaspora and migration studies.


This article aims to present some findings of a study 1 on explicitation strategies in English-French translations of specialized texts related to the field of environment. The goal of the study is to identify the range of explicitation strategies, as well as analyzing and classifying them. For our research, we compiled a corpus of English-French environment texts. The texts were then aligned using the aligner LogiTerm Pro. Our work is based on that of Pápai (2004): her typology of explicitation strategies was used in our own analysis. We found that explicitation strategies occur at five levels. Our findings show that the number and variety of instances of explicitation are high in English-French translations of specialized texts in the field of the environment.


ABSTRACT Cheating is a common, serious problem in colleges and universities. Prior research seems to suggest that the normative nature of cheating is a key predictor of academic misconduct. The goal of this study was to test the theory of normative social behavior in the context of intentions to cheat. Participants (N = 387) completed a survey containing measures of intentions to cheat, descriptive norms, group identity, injunctive norms, and outcome expectancies. The results were supportive of the theory of normative social behavior. Elements of both group identity and injunctive norms interacted with descriptive norms to influence intentions to cheat. Perceptions of positive and negative outcomes, on the other hand, did not produce significant interaction terms with descriptive norms. The study also demonstrated pluralistic ignorance in norms about cheating.


Paper is free to read on conference website

This paper presents a method for controller synthesis in the bond graph domain. A dynamic feedback linearization and decoupling controller of rotor speed and rotor-flux amplitude of a current-fed induction motor is derived on the basis of a flatness analysis entirely conducted on a two-input nonlinear bond graph model of the motor. Once the rotor speed has been found as the first flat output, a technique which uses a variational bond graph and its associated quotient bond graph (modulo the differential of the first flat output) allows identifying the second flat output as being the angle of the rotor flux-linkage space vector. The flat output parameterization of the control outputs is later used to derive the control law. Simulation results are given to demonstrate the control system performance.


The study objective was to develop models of heme and nonheme iron absorption based on elementary conceptions of the biochemistry of the absorption processes and to evaluate model validity by fitting the models to published data from healthy adults using nonlinear regression. This approach is in contrast to the numerous published models of iron absorption which rely on simple or multiple linear regression on selected variables with minimal consideration of the actual roles of the variables in the absorption process.


Vector characteristics of magnetic anomaly measured in drill holes can be used to determine the strike of magnetic source that results in the magnetic anomaly.It can be used not only to infer position of the magnetic body relative to the drill hole but also to make quantitative-semi-quantitative calculation and inverse interpretation and calculation of the distance and depth from head or tail of ore bodies to the known drill hole at surface by rotating an angle so as to design drilling depth,dip angle and orientation of the next drill hole.It is simple and easy and has been applied to iron ore exploration at depth of Daye iron mine with good results.


In the energy performance contracting (EPC) mode, an effective way to achieve green public buildings, the information asymmetry among stakeholders in the operation phase is critically adverse to the energy-saving effect of green public buildings. This paper constructs an evolutionary game model between energy users and energy-saving companies (ESCOs) in the operation phase of green public buildings under the premise of limited rationality. Vensim PLE software is used to build the corresponding simulation model to simulate the strategy evolution of players under different initial strategies. Typical scenarios with different government punishment, penalties from energy users, and opportunistic gains of ESCOs, respectively, are set up to conduct sensitivity analysis. The results show that dynamic alternation exists in the strategy evolution of players during the operation phase of green public buildings under the EPC mode, and it is influenced by the simulation period and players' initial strategies. And the evolution in different typical scenarios is influenced by the aforementioned parameters with different significance. This study can provide a basis for the supervision strategy of ESCOs in the operation phase of green public buildings by local governments and energy users thus promoting the energy-saving operation of green public buildings for final carbon reduction.


Let u be a mapping from a bounded domain S ⊂ ℝ4 into a compact Riemannian manifold N. Its intrinsic biharmonic energy E2.u/ is given by the squared L2-norm of the intrinsic Hessian of u. We consider weakly converging sequences of critical points of E2. Our main result is that the energy dissipation along such a sequence is fully due to energy concentration on a finite set and that the dissipated energy equals a sum over the energies of finitely many entire critical points of E1.


The present invention provides a fungus biscuit formulation of raw materials, the raw material formula is: Tremella polysaccharide or fungus, wheat flour, butter, onion powder, peanut butter, malt, salt, food ammonium, sodium bicarbonate; the preparation steps are: wheat flour, fresh ammonium, after pour and sieved baking soda machine cylinder surface, and the surface plane then added onions, stir standby power; white fungus or fungus polysaccharides, maltose, white cream, egg was poured into brine cylinder boot first low speed stirring for 5 minutes, and then stirred to a sufficient speed to pass, down stand for 10 minutes; after the step (2) was poured into the stirred material in step (1) in the stirred material, stir boot, loading the lid tape, 120 minutes after the slack can enter directly into the molded biscuits printed conveyor toaster, toaster fed, controlled temperature 150 ℃, for 8 to 10 minutes after entering the cooled, packaged, prepared biscuit fungus .


Copyright: © 2017 Harrison J. This is an openaccess article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. *Corresponding author: Harrison J, School of Social Work, Western Michigan University, 1903 W. Michigan, Kalamazoo, Michigan, United States, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


Advances in the neurophysiological techniques such as EEG (Encephalogram) or eye-tracker promise a new type of communication methods for those who cannot perform verbal communication. Most conventional techniques target specific objects or tasks and typically require considerable time and workload to adapt itself to the specific tasks or objects. Therefore, it is desirable to develop a new non-verbal communication method for a general and multipurpose use. To this end, we developed a method to represent human brain activity, processing raw EEG signals with the minimal signal processing procedure. Multichannel EEG data were reduced to a 2-D space and the time-course of EEG data was presented as a 2-D trajectory. We analyzed this representation by performing a choice task with neurofeedback in which participants chose one of four visual objects (i.e. numbers). The EEG signals of participants were recorded and represented as 2-D trajectories. Separate responders were asked to predict participants selection in the choice task only by viewing the participants' trajectory data. As a result, responders could predict participants' selection better than a chance level (25%). Our approach is different from conventional ones in that it conveys human brain activity more directly to the user and lets the user to recognize brain signal patterns to extract information without intervention of computer algorithms. Our results may suggest a novel method for non-verbal communication.


The expected increase in launch vehicle operations to support Space Station Freedom and a Lunar/Mars exploration initiative will require a more efficient approach to ascent flight design and operations. A concept is presented of continuous improvement in ascent flight design through an evolutionary process beginning with today's vehicles and continuing into the next century with the Advanced Launch System (ALS) and Advanced Manned Launch System (AMLS). A pictorial view is given of the improvement path described. The detailed objectives necessary to obtain efficiency improvements are described. The technology milestones along this evolutionary path are outlined and the accomplishments to date are summarized. The technology issues are discussed which must be addressed.


Magur usually breed during the monsoon months of JuneAugust. The fi sh are taken out of the broodstock tank or pond and kept separately in plastic containers for breeding operations. Males and females can be distinguished by secondary sexual characters. The abdomen of a gravid female is round and bulging with a reddish coloured button-shaped genital papilla and the males have elongated pointed papilla. They are either bred through hormone administration or through environmental manipulation.


"Absolutely amazing stuff. Social network maps like this provide a whole new view of the organization. How long will it take you to do this?" asked the Associate Medical Director. "Excuse me?" I asked. "Let's do it. What'll you need?" I was confused. "You mean, collect this kind of data here to get a sense of what's going on? Or everything, the whole process, of collecting formative data, assessing priorities among caregivers, getting feedback on prototype interventions and revising them, and then intervening and following up? Or just a proposal?" "Not a proposal. We need to move the needle. This could save us millions." That's when it hit me. I work in an organization where there is a will to change: improvement, innovation, Plan Do Study Act, with emphasis on the act. The question, then, is whether it is a learning organization—a sign of greatness—or just an innovative organization—a sign of being good at core objectives. Collectively, do we listen? Do we communicate across departments, facilities, and regions to transfer successful practices? Do we document experiences to pass on the knowledge gained for those who follow us? These simple questions reflect the pathways and qualities and persistence of innovation dissemination of mutual understanding and two-way communication, not just a one-way transmission of information. Dissemination occurs when the state of the art—what practitioners do—affects the state of the science—what researchers do, and vice versa. Organizational dissemination is fundamentally a learning process.


This article examines short stories by the Swedish writer Anne-Marie Berglund (1952- ). The starting point for the article is the possibility of a literary deconstruction of the stable, chronologically aging and developing subject. By analysing girlhood, not foremost as an age category, but rather as nomadic subjectivity, a gettingaway- from feminine adulthood, we observe how Berglund and the characters of her writings find ways to escape from, play with and undermine, or in other ways resist, the seriousness and limitations of adulthood. The theoretical work of Rosi Braidotti, with the concept nomadic subjects, is used in the article to link thinking, emotions and fantasies as important aspects of the literary analysis of age, not as stable, biological ground, but as contextual states of body and mind. Judith/Jack Halberstam and Sara Ahmed's theorizations of queer time and space, and their deconstruction of life narratives are also used to point out the disruptions and spaces that are created in Berglund's short stories. The article identifies three different important themes in Berglund's work, presented in three parts. The first is "Nomadic age – time and place", a section which examines how adulthood capacities are found in girl characters that need to run away in order to escape age-normativity. The second is "Spatialities" that examines the agency of rooms and objects in Berglund's short stories, and the third part analyses the ironic mirroring of the European culture of seriousness. We also identify a meta-perspective on writing, where the literary texts open up for a linking of creativity, embodiment and critique of psychoanalytical discourses on hysteria and the woman writer as an intruder and paradox in the literary landscape. This meta-perspective occurs throughout the entire work of Berglund, commenting on the multiple ways her characters resist and undermine restrictions of the writing woman.


The aim of the study is to determine the features of combat horting as a means of educating patriotic qualities, physical culture and basics of health of schoolchildren and students of general secondary and higher education and scientific substantiation of means of positive influence of combat horting, values of a healthy way of life, comprehensive education, increase of level of health by a technique of a sport of fighting horting. The effectiveness of psychological and pedagogical conditions, organizational forms and methods is checked, the theoretical analysis of the problem of education of physical qualities, military-applied abilities, conditions of application of health-improving, applied, general developmental and special physical exercises of combat horting for increase of efficiency of body systems is carried out. The material on the concept and approaches to the classification of physical exercises and methods of combat horting for school and student athletes is presented. The effectiveness of the implemented pedagogical system of education of patriotic qualities, physical culture and basics of health of schoolchildren and students by means of combat horting, values to health and avoidance of bad habits has been experimentally tested. The results of the research on the formation of military-applied abilities, values of healthy living and the effectiveness of organizational forms of sports discipline in the process of combat horting in the educational process of general secondary and higher education are presented.


AbstractPeri-urban areas experience many land related problems and disputes because of rural-urban migration and increasing demand in land. The purpose of this thesis is to identify and describe th ...


Extracellular matrix influences cell behavior through receptors such as integrins and through transmission of mechanical forces. Nucleotides are released in response to mechanical stimuli and bind to P2 nucleotide receptors. As chondrocytes are subjected to frequent mechanical stimulation within a rich extracellular matrix, they are an excellent model for studying integration of signals induced by matrix and nucleotides. We investigated signaling of G protein‐coupled P2Y receptors to MAPK/ERK and how this is influenced by matrix. Rat articular chondrocytes expressed transcripts for P2Y1, P2Y2, P2Y4, and P2Y6 receptors and responded to extracellular nucleotides by transient elevation of cytosolic calcium and MAPK/ERK phosphorylation. ERK1/2 activation was suppressed by the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors bisindolylmaleimide I and rottlerin, and by the phospholipase D inhibitor 1‐butanol. Thus, nucleotides stimulate P2Y receptors to activate ERK1/2 through a mechanism dependent on PKC and phospholipase D. We next examined the involvement of integrins. Both an RGD‐containing pentapeptide and a β3 integrin blocking antibody, but not a β1 integrin blocking antibody, abolished nucleotide‐induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Moreover, chondrocytes adhering to fibronectin (which binds to β1 and β3 containing integrins in an RGD‐dependent manner) displayed prolonged ERK1/2 signaling compared to cells grown on type I or II collagen (which bind to β1‐containing integrins in an RGD‐independent manner). In conclusion, P2Y receptor signaling through ERK1/2 is gated selectively by matrix proteins. Thus, nucleotides released in response to mechanical stimulation will have differing effects on cell function due to changes in the composition of the extracellular matrix during development and disease. J. Cell. Physiol. 213: 54–64, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Highly crystalline polyaniline (PANI) with elongated chain-like nanostructures 20–35 nm in diameter and 60–80 nm in length were prepared using sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (SDBSA) in ice medium without stirring. The synthesized polyanilines were characterized by SEM, FTIR, and UV-Visible spectroscopy and XRD measurements. The formation of polyaniline/SDBSA salts insoluble in reaction system without stirring is found to be favourable for the formation of this clustered chain-like nanostructure. The temperature dependent conductivity measurement shows a thermally activated exponential behaviour of the chain-like polyaniline nanostructure. The melting point of the nanostructured polyaniline was found to be 253 °C.


Proposed is a theoretically exact formula for inversion of data obtained by a spiral CT scan with a 2-D detector array. The detector array is supposed to be of limited extent in the axial direction. The main property of the formula is that it can be implemented in a truly filtered backprojection fashion. First, one performs shift-invariant filtering of a derivative of the cone beam projections, and, second, the result is back-projected in order to form an image. Compared with an earlier reconstruction algorithm proposed by the author, the new one is two times faster, requires a smaller detector array, and does not impose restrictions on how big the patient is inside the gantry. Results of numerical experiments are presented.


In today's world of innovation in technology and lifestyles has changed the customer's attitudes towards online shopping. Today human life is totally dependent on electronic means like Internet, Mobile phones, and email system which has totally changed the living standard of the individual. Online shopping is a method of buying goods and services from marketers who sell on the internet. Now days due to globalization consumers are expecting higher quality and service. They are now more time conscious and want more convenience. There are many factors responsible for influencing consumer behavior such as social, cultural and personal factors. The purpose of the study is to explore online shopping services dimensions and to analyses its impact on customer satisfaction.


Immigration, international conflicts, and world debt have contributed to rising unease over the power relations created by burgeoning globalization. Absent from much of the political rhetoric surrounding global issues is a role for the social value of hospitality. Political theorists and philosophers such as the late Jacques Derrida and Emmanuel Levinas have reinvigorated interest in hospitality. This article suggests that the work of feminist theorists such as Seyla Benhabib, Margaret Urban Walker, and Iris Marion Young on issues of identity, inclusiveness, reciprocity, forgiveness, and embodiment can contribute to an alternative theory of hospitality. Consistent with feminist care ethics, the theory of feminist hospitality proposed here integrates a moral disposition toward the Other with an open epistemological stance, funded by a metaphysical conceptualization of connected identity. Granting the historical gender division of labor associated with hospitality work, the hospitality offered integrates a healthy notion of self-care and is critical of oppressive power dynamics. Ultimately, this article proposes a feminist hospitality that reflects a performative extension of care ethics by pursuing stronger social bonds, as well as fostering inclusive and nonhierarchical host/guest relations.


Studying landscape ecological-aesthetic and emotional qualities by the questionnaire method makes it possible to reveal the most interesting regions for tourism development. The article presents the results of studying natural landscapes aesthetic and emotional features of the Archangelsk region northern districts.


Partial discharge (PD) monitoring is one of the most effective techniques for insulation condition assessment of HV power apparatus. Partial discharges inside a power transformer excite electromagnetic transients that can be detected using sensors operating in the ultra-high frequency band. However, on-line PD measurements are affected by high levels of electromagnetic interference (EMI) that makes sensitive PD detection very difficult. Use of wavelet transform (WT) technique offers many advantages over conventional signal processing techniques such as filters and is ideally suited to process transients in high voltage testing and measurements. In this paper wavelet transform technique is first applied to a simulated PD signal and its veracity is then verified by applying the technique to captured UHF PD signal from a transformer. Signal-to-noise ratio is used to compare the reconstructed signal with the original PD signal to assess pulse extraction from noise by wavelet transform analysis.


Proposes an approach to extracting topic words at different levels in any specific domain. The method is based on the statistic features of terms in a large amount of text documents: term frequency and inverse document frequency. Preliminary experiments in Chinese have indicated that the words mined out are basically coincident with the objective reality. So, this approach is helpful for utilizing computers to discover the semantic relationships between words.


A normalized positi ve-type hypersurfaces Σ in R-4 is constructed,which is symmetric in different senses and is not star-shaped essentially.The symmetry of Σ is necessary in the study of symmetric Hamiltonian closed trajectories and brake orbits.


It has become axiomatic that communication is central to the quality of health care, but Thorne et al. remind us to think carefully about why communication matters. Their defining position is an outcomes-oriented approach. That is, poor communication is poor because it leads to poor outcomes. This functional definition contrasts with a widespread tendency to regard poor and good communication as distinguished topographically; for example, to regard certain kinds of questioning or focus as generally bad and others as generally good. By focusing on outcomes of communication, and reviewing specifically the negative outcomes, their paper helps us avoid this trap. However, it then confronts us with some important challenges for communication training and research. One concerns the ambiguity around recognising communication that is poor or good. Communication might lead to a negative outcome in one situation}with a particular patient and clinician at a specific stage in their relationship and at a specific point in a specific consultation}but good outcomes in another. Correspondingly, the same good outcome might be achieved, in different situations, by different kinds of communication. In practice, communication training often embraces these subtleties, but there is a need, that Thorne et al. highlight, for research and theoretical frameworks to adopt more contextual approaches that can accommodate them also. Confidence about whether communication is poor depends on confidence about whether the outcomes are poor. However, 'poor' is a value judgement and depends on perspective. For example, that 25% of patients received chemotherapy within the last 6 months of life (Emmanuel et al., 2003) is a poor outcome in the context of debate on aggressive treatment, but not necessarily to patients who, of course, do not know that they are beginning their last 6 months of life and value even small chances of survival. Thorne et al.'s review of cost implications will help in persuading controllers of funding that communication matters but, while reduced health service cost is a good outcome to a health economist and a service manager, it is ambiguous to a clinician concerned about unmet need. As Thorne et al. observe, claims for communication will be most powerful where compassion and cost-effectiveness converge. Therefore, an important reference point in evaluating communication should be knowledge of what patients prefer, but Thorne et al. point out that we know insufficient about how patients' preferences relate to the guidelines and principles that have come to shape communication training and research. Another challenge is that functional definitions are necessarily circular: poor communication is revealed by adverse outcomes}which are then


In the present work shown are contradiction between beliefs about space movement of physical objects in classical and quantum mechanics. A theory that resolves the known Zenonaporiasand removes this contradiction is suggested. The basic assumption is the atemporal nature of the basic movements of quantum micro-objects (including atoms) in continuous space. In our previous papers we suggested the principle of atemporality: certain parameters of a quantum micro-object, including coordinates in space, change atemporarily. Indeed, the Heisenberg relation of uncertainty shows that the presence of coordinates of a quantum particle is incompatible with the presence of its velocity. The Schrodinger equation describes probabilistically exactly that, which objectively and actually takes place in reality. It is also permissible to treat this equation in favor of atemporality: even within an indefinitely small period of time there is some probability that a particle is present in certain volume, and in the next indefinitely small period of time there is some probability that the same particle is absent in the same volume. It is shown that a set of sequential extra-temporal teleportations of atoms constituting a macro-bodyresults in its temporal movement.


AbstractThe political implications of the growth of the informal sector have received little attention in research on Latin America. This article examines ecological correlations between the size of the informal sector, as well as income strata, and voting in Lima, Peru. It seeks to explain a major reorientation of the populist party APRA toward the informal sector, the persistent inability of the right to win support from the informal sector and other lower income groups, and the electoral decline of the left despite its historically strong ties to the informal sector and the urban poor. Finally the article discusses the status of class in Peruvian politics and concludes that the expansion of informal economic activities makes the class position of workers more ambiguous, and voting patterns more unstable. Thus, the growth of the informal sector implies a flight from the traditional party system as well as from formal economic arrangements.


Lysosomotropic substances are compounds which can e asily penetrate cell membranes and in protonated form accumulate in lysosomes. The tertiary amine reaches the cytosol and picks up proton from HATP located in membrane and in that way it becomes cationic surfactant. This transformation of amine to ionic s ubstance causes that lysosomotropic substance is not able to penetrate cell membrane ag ain nd became trapped inside organelle [1]. As consequence membrane's permeability is chan ged. This leads to release of hydrolytic enzymes and the destruction of the living cell. Up to now the mechanism of action of lysosomotropic substances is not entirely understoo d. However, there are some suggestions that these substances act efficiently in systems co ntaining other surfactants.


The invention provides water-based drilling fluid solid-liquid separation equipment and method. A flocculant and the like are added into the pretreated water-based drilling fluid waste, and the water and solid phase are centrifuged and separated out through a centrifuge to realize solid-liquid separation. The separated wastewater reaches the standard after secondary flocculation and filtration treatment and can be recycled at the well site or discharged, and the separated waste residue reaches the standard for stacking after curing treatment. After the water-based drilling fluid waste is treated by the method, the main pollutant indexes of the leachate of the wastewater and waste residue reach the GB8978-1996 Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard (second-level requirements).


Photogrammetric methods were employed to assess the displacement field for fifteen points along the intrados of a 22-ft (6.7 m) arch culvert buried under 191 ft (58 m) of embankment at Cedar Creek. Photos were taken on astronomical glass plates from two positions by a stereometric camera, and a comparator was used to establish coordinates. Progressive displacements were calculated at intervals of embankment construction. Coordinate planes established in the photogrammetric process differed from those used in the neutral point and finite element analyses so that correlations of observed and quasi-theoretical results required application of a series of transformations to the former. Section VIII of the report describes the transformation algorithm and provides a program listing and plots of transformed displacements.


Abstract The South Australian government's decision in 1995 to corporatise and outsource its metropolitan water services to transnational corporations was the first privatisation of a major water service system in Australia. The Government's rationale for outsourcing included claimed cost savings delivered through a reduced workforce. Claims of increased efficiency and improved services lacked credibility following scandals in the contract process and a major sewerage treatment failure following outsourcing. These events fuelled strong public opinion against outsourcing and chastened the industrial relations approach. This was less radical than that taken by the Federal and Victorian governments both of which combined outsourcing with attempts to de-unionise workers, using new industrial relations legislation. Union participation in the public debate strengthened their bargaining position and they were able to re-organise in the new context. The companies reduced workforce numbers but negotiated employment conditions through collective bargaining. Water privatisation remains a high-risk political strategy for governments.


The spatial distribution of nematode populations and damage in roots of Nabusa (Musa AAA-group Matooke), Pisang Awak (Musa ABB) and Sukali Ndizi (Musa AB) three banana cultivars widely grown in Uganda, was investigated at three locations, each with a distinctive nematode population and composition. At Namulonge, central Uganda, where Radopholus similis was the dominant nematode species, and at Ntungamo, southwestern Uganda, where Pratylenchus goodeyi was the dominant species, suckers were removed from established mats and assessed for nematode reproduction and damage. At Namulonge, Ntungamo, and Mbarara, southwestern Uganda, where R. similis and P. goodeyi coexist, suckers removed three months after planting were assessed for nematode reproduction and damage. Nematode population density distribution along the primary roots was observed to be random for both plant types of the three cultivars at all locations. An exception was recorded for three-month-old sucker-derived plants of all


For nearly a century, the stated goal of government language planning in Puerto Rico has been the bilingualization of the island's population through use of English as the language of instruction or as a required subject in all school grades. Nevertheless, some 80% of the population remains functionally monolingual in Spanish. This study proposes that the apparent failure of the teaching of ESL in Puerto Rico is in reality a motivated failure—a society's successful resolution of a conflict between government planning for bilingualism and social pressure for monolingualism. Educational difficulties that for generations have been attributed to deficiencies in textbooks, methods, and teacher preparation are in fact explainable through universal principles of language maintenance, spread, shift, and loss. The factors that impede the bilingualization of the island's population—primarily nationalism, political uncertainty, and the association between language and identity—have created a societal imperative against the learning of English. The existence of such an imperative, whether overt or covert, must be considered by language planners, school administrators, and classroom teachers wherever language spread is attempted through the school system.


N-eicosane /SiO2 composites were synthesized by sol-gel method. In this new material,the n-eicosane served as the latent heat storage and silicon dioxide acted as the supporting to provide structural strength and prevente the leakage of the melted n-eicosane. Results indicate that the maximum weight percentage for neicosane in the PCM composites without any seepage in melted state is 73%. Various techniques were carried out to characterize the structural and thermal properties of the composites. The result of Fourier transformation infrared spectroscope(FTIR) shows that there are strong interface interactions between the- CH2 group of the n-eicosane and Si- OH in SiO2,which change the physical properties of the n-eicosane. The differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) analysis results indicate that the composites exhibit different phase change characteristics from the pure n-eicosane. The thermal storage capabilities of the composites are superior to or close to the n-eicosane. The thermal conductivity measurement result presentes an enhanced thermal conductivity of the composites.