Abstract This paper reports on the annual meeting in 2007 of the United Nations Intergovernmental Group of Experts on International Standards of Accounting and Reporting (UN-ISAR). The main item was a continuing discussion of the application of IFRS in a number of countries where further case studies had been done. The meeting also debated the IASB exposure draft on SMEs and compared that with the UN work in this field. A second main theme was guidance on corporate responsibility indicators in annual reports and a review of the implementation status of corporate governance disclosures. The UN group had also hosted a one-day conference on accounting in the extractive industries.


Since surfactants are used together with proteins in a wide range of applications, the study of their interactions is of great interest. Addition of surfactants to the polymer solutions induce changes in the bulk of solutions and at the interface, and according to this there are variety of techniques that have been involved in investigations of these interactions. In the recent years, these interactions are of the special interest in field of microencapsulation and double emulsion preparation. Gelatin is a protein widely used in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Polypeptide structure of gelatin molecule facilitate its interactions with different ionic surfactants by hydrophobic or ionic interactions. Sodium stearoyl lactylate (SSL) is used in food products as emulsifier, whipping agent, or conditioning agent. The high emulsifying efficiency of SSL is based on its amphiphilic nature consisting of a hydrophilic charged head and long hydrophobic hydrocarbon tail. But the same chemical structure leads to the quite low solubility in aqueous phase.


Considering the goals of Modern Monetary Theorists, this article examines inflation stabilization and employment maximization through a Taylor Rule for fiscal policy, similar to John Taylor's foundational examination of the behavior of the Federal Reserve. If it is the role of the federal government to aid in the maintenance of the dual mandate of the Federal Reserve, then their behavior should follow a similar policy of setting an intermediate target of deficits relative to the maximum employment (the "Federal Job Guarantee") and the inflation target. The paper will compare the historical data with the rule. When the predictions of the Deficit Rule are compared to historical data from 1965, we find that fiscal policy aligns with what the Deficit Rule predicts with two exceptions: the stagflation of the 1970s and the current increases in budget deficits.


A novel rotor of an impact crusher comprises board hammer structures evenly mounted on a square plate of the rotor. Each board hammer structure comprises a board hammer, a board hammer seat and a compacting block, wherein the board hammer seat is provided with three V-shaped grooves equidistantly, the compacting block is provided with two V-shaped grooves equidistantly, and the board hammer is fastened between the board hammer seat and the compacting block by the aid of teeth matched with the V-shaped grooves. The novel rotor of the impact crusher is simple in technology, convenient in processing and easy in assembly, effectively used positions of the board hammers can be increased, and efficient and enduring production and operation of the impact crusher are realized.


Objective To study the chemical constituents of Calyx Kaki.Methods The constituents of Calyx Kaki were separated by silica gel column chromatography.Structures were elucidated on the basis of physico-chemical evidences and spectroscopic data analysis(MS,1H-NMR,13C-NMR,HMQC,HMBC).Results Four compounds were isolated from the calyx of Diospyros kaki(Thunb.)and identified as 24-hydroxyloleanolic acid(1),19α,24-dihydroxy ursolic acid(2),betulinic acid(3) and barbinervic acid(4).Conclusions Compounds 1,2,3 and 4 are isolated from Calyx Kaki for the first time.


Paper presents an improved method for assessing the quality of multimedia services through the use of a hierarchical neuro-fuzzy network. It is shown that artificial intelligence methods allows the hybrid system to take into account users' opinion and extract knowledge from the input stream of service quality indicators. Process of the comprehensive QoS assessment is presented. It combines analysis of objective measurements of the network operation characteristics and the data obtained as a result of user surveys. Work is based on the ITU-T E.802 recommendations, where it is proposed to use a four markets model to assess the quality of multimedia services. Proposed method takes into account the ratio of the increase in the quality indicator value and the cost of its correction. Importance, or "weight" of each of the quality indicators and quality components that shows their impact on the final result is also considered. Article presents an example of the quality indicators level correction for the service "streaming video". Based on MATLAB, a GUI application was developed that implements the work of the developed quality of services assessment method.


By methods of documents study and a widespread investigation has been made in the 6th Universities vollyball Game of the People′s of China,the author concluded that the source of player is complexity;went short of bankroll;the antinomy of training and learning;the coach is short of in high-level;the systerm of supervise is lagged;the competition system is faultiness .It is lack make for the new breaches in bring up of the person with ability,in order to boost the advancement of the teams,then comes up with some solutions.


Determining when, where and why elections succeed or fail is a matter of growing concern for the international community.This paper presents the first results of a new study, based on an expert survey of Perceptions of Electoral Integrity. The August 2013 data-set includes 33 countries. This data facilitates comparison of an overall standardized 100-point PEI index for each contest, or the results can be examined in more fine-grained detail for eleven dimensions of electoral integrity, or for each of the separate 49 items. The PEI index demonstrates high levels of external validity, internal validity, and legitimacy. Therefore PEI can address many research issues, as proving useful for scholars and policy-makers.


Targeting mutant proteins and associated signaling pathways of driver oncogenes by small molecule kinase inhibitors (KIs) are a promising strategy of cancer therapy. However, despite the initial success of treatment, KIs often become ineffective as intrinsic and acquired resistance. This article reviews the English-language literature to explore the underlying mechanisms of drug resistance and to present a challenge for developing drugs to overcome resistance. Mechanisms of acquired resistance include 1) the selection of pre-existing subclones with other mutations, 2) the emergence of secondary mutations in the target kinase domain, 3) upregulation of kinases both within the same kinase family and their related kinase families, as well as activation of alternative bypass pathways, 4) epithelial-mesenchymal transition, 5) overexpression of pro-survival Bcl-2 family proteins and 6) drug efflux mechanisms. Currently available methods are to obtain tumor biopsy samples at recurrence or progression if the tumor lesion is accessible to a biopsy and to use the secondand third-generation KIs based on the individual need of each patient. Furthermore, recent computational challenges provide design principles to prevent the development of drug resistance. In conclusion, we provide an overview of the postulated resistance mechanisms and highlight the future direction of computational structure-based design of new potent KIs. Abstract


Objective To compare the levels of serum lipids with apolipoproteins in rheumatic heart disease(RHD) and dilated cardiomyopathy(DCM).Methods Eighty-six cases with rheumatic heart disease, 50 cases with dilated cardiomyopathy and 106 cases with normal lipids are enrolled in this study. Serum lipids are estimated enzymatically. Radio immunassay is used for the detection of apolipoproteins. Results The levels of serum lipids and apolipoproteins are commonly lower, the levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and apolipoprotein A-I (Apo AI) are significantly lower(P 0.05), especially in DCM group, the abnormal lipid prevalence of TC, LDL-C and apolipoprotein B (Apo B) are 40.0%, 40.0%, 70.0% respectively. Compared with the control group, the levels of TC, TG, HDL-C and Apo AI in RHD group and DCM group are significantly lower(all P 0.05). The levels of LDL-c and Apo B are significantly lower in the DCM group at the same time(P 0.01, P 0.05 respetively). Compared with RHD group, the levels of LDL-C and Apo B are significantly lower in DCM group(P 0.05, P 0.001 respetively). Conclusions The levels of serum lipids and apolipoproteins are lower in RHD and DCM groups compared with control group, especially in DCM group. The low levels of serum lipids with apolipoproteins may have influence in prognosis of these diseases. So the patients should not be blindly lowered their lipids in RHD and DCM groups.


In Navier-Stokes equations (NASA's Navier-Stokes Equations, 3-dimensional-unsteady), wed iscover the exact solution by Newton potential function and time-function. We think the solution likely Newton potential function that be able to solve Laplace equation


Industrial and governmental employers are increasingly using computerized performance monitoring (CPM) as a tool for evaluating employees' performance. It is estimated that six to seven million employees are currently being monitored by computers and that the number of firms considering such systems is growing (OTA, 1987).


From the existing clustering techniques, spatial density-based ones register one of the most promising results in detecting arbitrary shaped data, being robust to outliers and not restricted by various data distributions. The existing literature contains a plethora of density based algorithms but in all cases one or multiple global parameters need to be set, parameters that are seldom easy to set requiring in depth knowledge about the analyzed data. This paper proposes a parameter-free novel genetic clustering algorithm with an original method for encoding clustering solutions relying on density based clustering parameters. Within each clustering solution genotype, gene position, defined by several density based clustering attributes, plays a key role for recovering the encoded partition. Each gene defined density-based cluster can only attract object not already attracted by previously defined clusters. The proposed encoding scheme allows for always valid crossover results, with great offspring variations even when using simple crossover operators. While not requiring any input parameters, experiments involving multiple clustering validation indices as fitness criteria, across both synthetic and real data sets, show comparable results with existing density-based clustering techniques.


ASEAN Eree Trade Area (AFTA) which has been formed in 1992 consists of six countries: Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Singapore, and tbe Pbilipines. Tbe main goal of AFTA is tbe reduction in tarrifs on all intra ASEAN trade in manufactured and processed agricultural products to less than S% by tbe year 2003. Tbe elimination of those barriers among themselves is meant to create a single economic regime. Following tbe formation of AETA, tbe ASEAN members agreed to form growth triangles such as: IMT-GT, IMS-GT and BIMP-EAGA. These arrangements are basically a form of regional cooperation which involves only parts forces. In tbe case of IMT-GT, would Indonesia (Aceb and North Sumatera) gain benefits from that economic region f How would Northern Sumatera's exports to her partners develop in tbe future? What are tbe economic opportunities of Northern Sumatera in facing its economic zone? This paper aims to elaborate tbe IMT-GT, particularly intra IMT-GT trade, and its impact to Northern Sumatera.


The origination and development of the traditional Tibetan sports culture is based on the traditional way of work and production and social practice of husbandry.After many years of development,it has become an important part of Tibetan culture.Under today's globalization,it has met with unprecedented difficulties and challenges because of the impact from and the collision with the modern sports culture.This article discusses its development and change in the modern society which will be significant for its future development.


It has been reported that reticular formation neurons in the brain stem and pons play important roles in the regulation of rapid eye movements. The present paper describes the roles of brain stem reticular neurons, such as pause neurons (PN), inhibitory burst neurons (IBN) and excitatory burst neurons (EBN) in cats. These reticular neurons, including vestibular nucleus neurons, make a feedback loop and regulate rapid eye movements.


As of October 2013, some 59 states and four other areas were confirmed to bemine‐affected. Large "Suspected Hazardous Areas'', often overestimated, prevent thepopulation to use the land. In this context, aerial images provide an asset for a betterdelineation, based on indicators of mine presence (IMP) or of mine absence. Trenchesdetected thanks to their shadows are good examples of IMP. Their sparse presence over thehuge amount of images makes their detection by a photo‐interpreter an overwhelming task.We therefore propose an automatic tool based on dark line detection. In various envisagedscenarios, the most suspicious images and the detected objects are proposed to photointerpretersfor further analysis or for pre‐processing such as ortho‐photo production. Thetool is applied to the Suspected Hazardous Area of Bihac in Bosnia and Herzegovina.


stratum clearly suggests the need to do so, nowhere in the study does the author critically address such issues as the profile and vested interests of the town's newspapers and the possible class and ethnic biases of their reports and proclamations. The industrial expansion of Hazleton and its demographic growth during the 1880s did not affect the town's existing social order. And why should they have? Throughout the decade under investigation the town remained small and relatively isolated. As in other similar localities of that time and region, economic development occurred predominantly through expansion of the manufacturing sector, less spectacular, by the way, than suggested in Aurand's interpretation (see pp. 20-23, 41-43). The South and East Europeans whose settlement in Hazleton accounted, according to the author, for most of the town's demographic growth during the decade, provided human capital to fill in the occupational space. As everywhere else, they were added to the bottom of the town's entrenched social structure, excluded from the participation in the cultural and political life of the dominant strata, and subjected to and controlled by pre-established power relations in the community. Even in the absence of an embracing sense of "communal solidarity" and the value system of "economic individualism and selfadvancement" supposedly shared by old and new Hazletonians, the economic and social circumstances of the "population change" in the city in the course of the decade was not conducive to noticeable social disorganization and disorder.


The redox behavior of copper sulfate in absence and presence of Amoxicillin was studied at two different temperatures (288.15 and 298.15)K. The redox behavior was studied in 0.1 M HCl electrolyte, potential range from (1.5 to -1.5)V. The copper ions concentration is small ones ranging from (3.3×10-4 to 1.67×10-3)M. Only one reduction and one oxidation peaks are obtained in our results indicating the reduction and oxidation of the divalent copper ions to the zero valent copper metal. All the solvation cyclic voltammetry parameters were evaluated at the two temperatures used and their values were discussed for cupric ions in presence and absence of Amoxicillin. Also, the thermodynamic parameters for the interaction of copper ions with Amoxicillin as stability constant, Gibbs free energies, enthalpies and entropies of interaction were calculated. The thermodynamic parameters indicate that the reaction between cupric ions and Amoxicillin is chemical reaction (high negative Gibbs free energies values), good spontaneous (positive entropies) and endothermic chemical reaction (valuable positive values). Energy values of interaction between Amx and 2hg6 which obtained by molecular docking calculations indicate that Amx has an anticancer activity for liver cancer treatment


A series of superabsorbents of maleic anhydride (MAH)/acrylamide (AM) interpenetrated with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) were prepared by aqueous polymerization, using N,N-methylenebiacrylamide (NNMBA) as a crosslinker and ammonium persulfate (APS) as an initiator. The samples were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The effects of reaction variables on the water absorbency of the superabsorbents in distilled water and in 0.9 wt% NaCl solution were investigated. In addition, the effect of the PVA content on the swelling rate and sensitivity to saline of the superabsorbents were also investigated. The results showed that the absorbency, both in 0.9 wt% NaCl solution and in distilled water, first decreased and then increased with increasing PVA content. Moreover, the resultant superabsorbent had a higher absorption rate and it became less sensitive to saline by incorporating certain amount of PVA into the network of the hydrogel. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


In view of some shortcomings for wastewater treatment in the plant of Zhejiang Lizhu Iron Mine Group Co Ltd,such as the large expenditure for water consumption and pollutant discharge fee for wastewater draining,and the spilling of concentrator clarifying water caused by the blocking in circulating backwater pipe,the original centralized parallel connection of concentrator clarifying water pipeline were replaced by simple branched pipelines,and therewith the overflow of recycling water was avoided.Besides,instead of draining out,the tailings wastewater is recycled and zero discharge has been realized.


BACKGROUND
Reducing the number of doses in the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination regimen from 3 to 2 could increase coverage rates. In this cohort study, we assessed the risk of genital warts (GWs) according to timing and number of doses of quadrivalent HPV vaccine.

METHODS
From population-based registries, we identified all girls in Denmark born during 1985-1999, for whom information on HPV vaccinations was retrieved. The cohort was followed for GW occurrence during 2006-2012. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were calculated by Poisson regression to determine differences in GW rates by number of vaccine doses.

RESULTS
Of the 550,690 girls in the cohort, 361 734 had been vaccinated. Of these, 25.9% had been vaccinated twice and 58.8% 3 times. The risk of GWs decreased significantly with each additional dose of vaccine. For girls who received 2 doses, extension of the interval between doses reduced the incidence of GWs. In comparison with a 2-month interval, the incidence of GWs was reduced by 45% (95% confidence interval [CI], 20%-62%), 55% (95% CI, 35%-69%), and 63% (95% CI, 44%-75%), with an interval of 4, 5, and 6 months, respectively. The IRR of 2 vs 3 doses was close to 1, with an interval of about 6 months between the first 2 doses.

CONCLUSIONS
With the original vaccine schedule, completion of 3 doses seems to be required to obtain full protection against GWs. A 2-dose regimen may be as effective if the dosing interval is extended to around 6 months, although the long-term effectiveness of this regimen is unknown.


Abstract : This compendium of microcircuit device reliability is separated into two parts: Digital Failure Rate Summarized Data and Digital Device Data - Detailed Listings. The summaries pertain to warranty experience, plastic encapsulated I.C. lot acceptance information, and generic field, reliability demonstration, equipment checkout and life test data. The detailed listings consist of field, reliability demonstration, and equipment checkout experience as well as life test results arranged by operational type, manufacturer, and part number. MIL-HDBK-217B parameters have been incorporated into the entries to permit comparisons with predicted values. (Author)


We present a detailed study of the effects of imperfect atom-optical manipulation in Bragg-based light-pulse atom interferometers. Off-resonant higher-order diffraction leads to population loss, spurious interferometer paths, and diffraction phases. In a path-dependent formalism, we study numerically various effects and analyze the interference signal caused by an external phase or gravity. We compare first-order single and double Bragg diffraction in retroreflective setups. In double Bragg diffraction, phase imperfections lead to a beating due to three-path interference. Some effects of diffraction phases can be avoided by adding the population of the outer exit ports of double diffraction.


The Intramolecular nitrile oxide cycloaddition reaction has been found to accommodate the construction of spirocycles in modest yield as revealed by a synthesis of the title alkaloids.


This study theorises and tests a model linking efforts to support diversity and organisational value of diversity with job satisfaction and organisational identification, and propose that this relationship is mediated by diversity climate. The relationships are positively hypothesized based on signalling theory and social exchange theory. The structural equation modelling analysis shows that the mediating role of diversity climate in the relationship of organizational value of diversity and outcomes (job satisfaction and organizational identification) is significant, whereas the relationships of efforts to support diversity were found to be non-significant. Our findings suggest that valuing diversity will result in improved perceptions of diversity climate among employees, eventually enhancing outcomes. Future research might investigate the proposed theoretical model in different cultural setting.


The handling and treatment of urban wastewater are essential to protecting human health and the environment. However, its existence and importance are mostly invisible to the general public. In this work, we present a set of visualization system designed to communicate and visually explore the wastewater treatment system of Vandcenter Syd (VCS), one of the largest water utilities in Denmark on the island Fyn. It operates eight wastewater treatments, and our solution enables geographically exploring and comparing data collected in different facilities with an interactive map. We further provide a set of interactive visual interfaces to support exploring the energy consumption and production trends over the past 10 years. A case study on Ejby Mølle, VCS's largest facility, illustrates its transition from an energy consuming into an energy producing facility.


Helicity indicates the in‐plane magnetic‐moment swirling direction of a skyrmionic configuration. The ability to reverse the helicity of a skyrmionic bubble via purely electrical means has been predicted in frustrated magnetic systems; however, it has been challenging to observe this experimentally. The current‐driven helicity reversal of the skyrmionic bubble in a nanostructured frustrated Fe3Sn2 magnet is experimentally demonstrated. The critical current density required to trigger the helicity reversal is 109–1010 A m−2, with a corresponding pulse‐width varying from 1 µs to 100 ns. Computational simulations reveal that both the pinning effect and dipole–dipole interaction play a crucial role in the helicity reversal process.


The Nabertherm brand crucible furnace is in the Casting Laboratory of the Mechanical Engineering Career at the (UPS) South Campus. Aluminum is melted in this furnace using manual control for academic purposes. Due to the lack of automation, resources are lost because the user must be aware of the process.
In the present project of titillation, a system of control of temperature for the oven to gas was designed and implemented, where the reference is the value of the temperature and it was controlled with the variables: mixture of gas flow, air and activation of the gas passage solenoid valve to produce the flame.
First, the characterization of the melting furnace and of the burner that produces the flame was carried out, the flow diagram of the aluminum melting process and the diagrams of the electronic elements of the control board were elaborated. Appropriate control was selected for the process and the materials that meet the functional and economic needs. Subsequently, the programming of the PLC and the HMI was carried out, after which the electronic elements were connected, culminating with implementation.
In the end, its operation was verified by means of operation tests and the results were documented in the written work. It was concluded that to produce a suitable flame to heat the crucible furnace, the variables: air flow, gas and pressure are calibrated according to the melting stage.


By the chemo-mechanical polishing(CMP) technology,ultra-precision processing experiment was carried out on a CNC jig grinding machine for the revolving curved surface parts of silicon nitride ceramic.First the CMP principles about silicon nitride ceramic were analyzed,and the CMP experiment platform was built on the CNC jig grinding machine.The influence of polishing parameters on the polishing surface quality was studied on the water-based CeO2 polishing slurry,such as concentration and flowing rate of polishing slurry,rotation speed of polishing wheel;and the polishing parameters were optimized according to the experiment result.The result shows that perfect polishing surface can obtained under the parameters of polishing slurry concentration of 20%,flowing rate of polishing slurry of 0.6 L/min,and rotation speed of 6 000 r/min.The surface roughness achieves 12 nm.


Using the Focal Plane Crystal Spectrometer on the Einstein Observatory, we have measured the strengths of seven X-ray emission lines/blends of ionized iron from the central 3' x 30' (19 x 190 kpc for H/sub 0/ = 50 km s/sup -1/ Mpc/sup -1/) of the hot plasma halo around M87. The lines indicate the presence of ionization stages ranging from Fe XVII to Fe XXIV and imply plasma temperatures from approx.3 x 10/sup 7/ K, as previously deduced from broad-band measurements for the bulk of the halo, down to approx.2--4 x 10/sup 6/ K. This confirms our earlier conclusion that the central portion of the halo is cooling. The present conclusion is stronger because it is independent of assumptions about relative abundances. The intensities of the iron lines, together with the previously measured O VIII Lyman-..cap alpha.. line, are incompatible with simple models involving one or two temperature components. Rather, they indicate the presence of plasma temperatures distributed over a full decade. The relative strengths of the O VIII and Fe XVII lines imply that the O/Fe abundance ratio is 3--5 times the solar value. We have deduced the distribution of volume emission measure versus temperature using two independent techniquesmore » that give similar results: a polynomial fit and singular function deconvolution (which to our knowledge has not previously been applied to the inversion of spectral data). This distribution, together with the equation of energy balance, implies radiative accretion of the halo plasma at a rate of 3--4 M/sub sun/ yr/sup -1/ falling through a gravitational potential of approx.2 x 10/sup 15/ ergs g/sup -1/.« less


Herein, we report a concise method for the preparation of functionalized cyclopentadienyl rhodium complexes via Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling. We successfully converted 2,3,4,5-tetramethylcyclopent-2-en-1-one to the corresponding cyclopentadienyl boronic acid pinacol ester, which could be used as a coupling partner with aryl halides. Several functionalized cyclopentadienyl rhodium complexes were synthesized in two steps from readily available aryl bromides. We also demonstrated the rapid synthesis of a novel chiral cyclopentadienyl rhodium complex that could be used as a precatalyst for an asymmetric C–H functionalization reaction.


Combined use of transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalography (TMS-EEG) is a highly informative cutting edge technology which is relevant for fundamental, clinical and  translational research. Unique capabilities of TMS-EEG approach  allow to assess the functional state and connectivity of brain regions  thus opening new prospects for the evaluation of the TMS effects in  non-motor cortical areas. TMS-EEG responses have diagnostic and  prognostic potential for many neurological and mental illnesses.  Simultaneous co-registration of TMS with EEG remains a technically  sophisticated procedure and requires specialized equipment in  conjunction with application of complex data analysis techniques.  This review describes the details of TMS-EEG technique, principles of the experiment design, the shape and the reproducibility of TMS- evoked responses and applications of this promising approach both  in research and in clinics.


How is it that children with 20/20 vision can have visual-perceptual and visual-motor deficits as noted by standardized testing, problems such as skipping and re-reading lines, eyes that do not look aligned, and spatial organization issues when writing? This book, which includes topics such as sensory integration, visual attention, hand-eye coordination, postural control, and vision impairment, can provide answers.


Abstract Bicarbonate, phosphate and high pH are factors considered to induce or aggravate iron chlorosis. We have studied the effects of these factors on the ferric reducing capacity of the roots of plants grown with iron deficiency. Three kinds of experiments were performed with young sunflower (Helianthus annuus L., line RHA 274) and cucumber (Cucumis sativus L., cv "Burpee pickler"), plants grown in nutrient solution with the following results: i) Once the reducing capacity had been increased by iron deficiency, bicarbonate and high pH inhibited the reduction of ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetate to a similar extent, while phosphate had no effect. ii) When the considered factors were present during the period of growth without iron, the development of reducing capacity was inhibited more by bicarbonate than by a treatment with the same high pH value buffered with N‐[2‐Hydroxyethyl]piperazine‐N ‐[2‐ethanesulfonic acid] (Hepes). A negative effect of bicarbonate on the reducing capacity depended on its co...


Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 (HZO) ferroelectric random access memory (FeRAM) has been demonstrated in 130 nm node with 1T1C structure. To scale FeRAM to 28 nm or beyond, a high aspect ratio embedded dynamic random-access memory (eDRAM)-like 3-D cylinder capacitor is expected to ensure sufficient cell capacitance and sense margin. In this work, we investigate an alternative approach with 2T1C structure that takes advantage of a back-end-of-line (BEOL) oxide channel writing transistor, a small planar ferroelectric (FE) capacitor, and a silicon logic reading transistor. First, the proof-of-concept of 2T1C bit cell was experimentally demonstrated. Then, the scalability toward 28 nm or beyond was simulated with array-level parasitics. Thanks to the transconductance reading out mechanism, a 900 nm2 FE capacitor in 2T1C could significantly reduce energy consumption 6.4– $9.6\times $ compared to the traditional 1T1C FeRAM with similar cell area at 28 nm. Moreover, the area ratio between the FE capacitor and the read transistor is investigated both experimentally and with SPICE simulation, where adjustment of the pulsing scheme is needed for the maximum sense margin to occur. Finally, the performance at 7 nm is estimated in terms of read/write energy and cell area.


Based on a lot of fielding testing data, the settlement pattern of embankment on soft ground of shore deposit with different improvement methods are discussed in this paper With the soft ground improved respectively by DJM (Dry Jet Mixing) and preload method, the embankment settlements are analyzed The results show that the high strength cover layer and the thickness of the soft clay are the key factors to influence the settlement, the greater intervel (1 4m) between piles is unfavorable, and there is a critical embankment height on the soft ground


Introduction. Stara Zagora (42,4283° N; 25,6559° E, population 150000) is a densely populated town with developed industry and heavy traffic, subjected to the above-threshold pollution by nitrogen dioxide. Aim. To estimate the contribution of the city traffic to the annual urban air pollution with NOx. Material and methods. The number of vehicles registered in Stara Zagora municipality in 2012 and the fuel (gasoline, auto gas, natural gas) sold in 2012 in Stara Zagora area, were received through requests for access to public information. Results and discussion. The appraisal for the city traffic emissions of nitrogen oxides into the urban air for 2012 is total 201 t/y. The traffic emits about 2/3 from all annual city emissions of NOx in Stara Zagora.


Global climate change due to CO2 emissions is an issue of international concern that primarily attributed to fossil fuels. In this study, Genetic Algorithm (GA) is used for analyzing world CO2 emission based on the global energy consumption. Linear and non-linear forms of equatio ns were develop ed to for ecast CO2 emission using Genetic Algorithm (GA) based on the global oil, natural gas, coal, and primary energy consumption figures. The related data between 1980 and 20 10 were used , partly for installing th e models (finding candidates of b est weighting factors for each m odel (1980-2003)) a nd partly for testing the models (2004–2010). Global CO 2 emission is forecasted up to year 2030.


Using the data obtained by the Fermilab E831 photoproduction Experiment, a spin polarization study of Λc baryon is presented for two of its decay modes: Λ0π and Ksp. Preliminary polarization results for Λ0π and values of the product αΛcP for Ksp are obtained. We show that, for Λ0π, Λc is produced with a small polarization that due to the low statistics is consistent with zero within 2σ.


There is a paucity of information about cardiovascular impacts related to the change of exercise habit after a new diagnosis of atrial fibrillation (AF). We aimed to investigate the influence of exercise on the risk of cardiovascular outcomes, such as ischemic stroke, heart failure (HF), and all-cause death, in patients with AF.

 We included 66,692 patients with newly diagnosed AF (36.4% female, mean age 59.5 years, mean CHA2DS2-VASc 1.9) who underwent two serial health examinations before and after diagnosis of AF from 2010 to 2016, as provided by Korean National Health Insurance Corporation. The individuals self-reported a degree and frequency of exercise by questionnaires and doing vigorous physical activities ≥3 times/week or moderate physical activities ≥5 times/week was defined as a regular exercise group. The study population was divided into four categories according to the status of regular exercise before and after AF diagnosis: persistent non-exerciser (64.0%), new exerciser (13.4%), exercise drop-outs (12.5%), and exercise maintainer (10.1%). The primary outcomes were ischemic stroke, HF, and all-cause death during the follow-up.

 During a median 3.4 years follow-up, ischemic stroke, HF, and all-cause death occurred in 1905, 13112, and 2627 patients, respectively (incidence rates 8.5, 64.8, and 11.5 per 1,000 person-years, respectively). The change in exercise habits did not have a significant association with the risk of ischemic stroke (Figure 1). Regarding HF, those who newly initiated or maintained exercise after AF diagnosis showed a lower risk than those who do not exercise: hazard ratio, HR 0.93; 95% confidence interval, CI [0.88 to 0.98] and 0.90 [0.85 to 0.96] for each group, all p<0.001. Any experience of exercise involvement was associated with a lower risk of mortality than those without exercise: HR 0.76 [0.68–0.87] for new exerciser, 0.87 [0.78–0.98] for exercise drop-outs, and 0.62 [0.53–0.73] for exercise maintainer, all p<0.0001.

 Patients who started or continued exercising after a new diagnosis of AF showed a lower risk of HF and mortality, but did not show an association with ischemic stroke. Regular exercise might improve the cardiovascular outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed AF.
 Figure 1. CV impacts of exercise on AF patients

 Type of funding source: None


System reform and improvement have different meanings; there are the trends of reform and improvement in the process of development of the sports system in China today. The author analyzed important documents and regulations published by China in the sports area in recent years, and found that descriptions about sports system reform objectives were similar and repeated to a great extent, which indicated that sports system reform in China over the years had a tough task and low efficiency; the author also further examined the system environment and driving power for system improvement in China, pointed out that due to the existence of sports vested interests and developmentalism thoughts, improvement has become one of the important ways to develop the sports system in China today, but people tend to equate "improvement" with "reform".


ABSTRACT— Data are presented from the English national statistics for first admissions with affective disorders during the years 1982–1985. Overall rates per 105 of the population aged over 15 years were 36.1 for men and 59.1 for women. The peak incidence for depressive neurosis was middle adulthood, that for affective psychosis much later. The widowed and divorced showed much higher rates than the single and married for all types of disorder. Marriage appeared less protective for women than for men. The age‐incidence relationship among the divorced and widowed was exaggerated for depressive neurosis and reversed for psychosis. The results are interpreted in terms of a (possibly biological) releasing effect of age upon affective psychosis that could be overwhelmed by severely adverse social circumstances. The findings support the validity of the distinction between affective psychoses and depressive neurosis.


This article uses ideas of mobility and movement to demonstrate the interconnections between geographical and social mobility, and between mobility and materialism, in the work of Patrick Hamilton. Drawing on ideas from mobility studies in human geography and sociology, it examines continuities between the past and the future, and the ways that a combination of mobility studies and literary studies can re-imagine modernities through the work of an author whose later work has received little critical attention. Using the dystopian novel Impromptu in Moribundia as a link between his earlier novels and the later and more explicitly Marxist work, it draws together themes of movement and mobility through Hamilton's portrayal of the automobile as a symbol of fascism and a destructive and careless capitalism.


The objective of this research was to explore how resilience skills can be developed in construction management
students. The research examined the nature of resilience and the importance of the development of such skills for
construction management graduates entering the world of work.
The research data was collected using three separate stages. Firstly a desktop audit of eight construction
management degree courses in Australia was undertaken to determine the nature of resilience training and content
in existing construction management degrees. Secondly a series of interviews with a range of construction
management university teaching staff was held to probe the depth and application of resilience-building
components in the curriculum. Finally, from this data a series of case studies were developed to assist in the
teaching of resilience in construction management degrees in Australia. These case studies were then validated
with a group of industry professionals who had an understanding of the nature of resilience as it manifested itself
in industry contexts.
The research also offers new insights into the interplay between teaching content and developing soft skills in
university students. The results suggested that resilience can be progressively developed in curriculum for
construction management students and evidence from the industry professionals indicates such development
forms an essential part of the skill set needed to ensure a successful career in industry. The research thus offers
practical case studies in resilience that can be used by those involved in developing graduates entering the
construction industry.


Based on the theory of cyclotomy,a new class of binary sextic residue sequences with the period p of the form 6f+1 with f odd and p prime is constructed by selecting the union of the first three classes within the six cyclotomic classes of order six as the characteristic set.The new sequences are proved in theory to be balanced with a five-valued autocorrelation,and their out of phase autocorrelation depends solely on the square sum decomposition of p.Given a period large enough,the out of phase autocorrelation approaches zero and the sequences approximately have the ideal autocorrealtion.Also it is pointed that the out of phase autocorrelation of the sequences with certain values of period p are four-valued,that all of them approximate 1/p,and that their pattern distributions are balanced.


Normal anomeric effect is found in 1,3-dithiane-2-carboxylic acid, 1,3,5-trithiane-2-carboxylic acid, and their esters, in contrast to a report that oxane-2-carboxylic acid derivatives exhibit reverse anomeric effect. The results are interpreted from the difference in bond lengths between oxanes and polythianes which affects the extent of 1,3-diaxial interaction. The anomeric effect is found to be larger in 1,3-dithianes than in 1,3,5-trithianes. The differences is discussed on the ground of the energy levels of available electrons. Phenylethynyl derivatives also show small but definite anomeric effect.


The review summarizes the current understanding of structural and functional heterogeneity of periportal and centrolobular hepatocytes. Based on results of histochemical, immunohistochemical and biochemical studies the authors discuss the physiological meaning of hepatocyte heterogeneity in normal state and under stress condition.


Micro-cracks can easily form in the girth welding zone of a steam cooler. The presence of these cracks in the alternating load will produce fatigue growth and cause equipment failure. Acousitc emission on-line monitoring of the girth weld is proposed to ensure the healthy and stable operation of the steam cooler. Attenuation testing of the acoustic emission waveguide and acoustic emission characteristic testing of weld crack propagation are methods created to mitigate acoustic emission signal attenuation problems in on-line monitoring technology. Acoustic emission on-line monitoring is used to collect and process the attenuation of acoustic emission signals under varying waveguides. Results illustrate that accurate design of the waveguide rod structure can effectively reduce acoustic emission signal attenuation. To verify the feasibility of acoustic emission on-line monitoring technology, the acoustic emission characteristics of fatigue crack propagation in weld cracks were investigated using the acoustic emission on-line monitoring method. A large number of acoustic emission signals were collected during the fatigue propagation of weld cracks using this technique. This finding verifies the suitability of on-line acoustic emission monitoring technology for on-line monitoring of cracks in the girth weld of a steam cooler.


I tell people that a simple definition of governance is "rules, and rules about rules," meaning that it is about all the rules and also about how the rules are made: Who appointed the committee members? Who decided that it had to be a committee in the first case? and so on. On the Internet, governance is about Internet regulations as well as the entire process of how the rules are made. And this is why there is a lot of concern about process, consultation, and involvement of relevant stakeholders.


For the wireless sensor networks (WSNs) heterogeneous node deployment optimization problem with obstacles in the monitoring area, two new flower pollination algorithms (FPA) are proposed to deploy the network. Firstly, an improved flower pollination algorithm (IFPA) is proposed based on FPA, aiming at the shortcomings of the convergence speed is slow and the precision is not high enough of FPA. The nonlinear convergence factor is designed to correct the scaling factor of FPA, the Tent chaotic map effectively maintains the diversity of the population in the late iteration, and a greedy crossover strategy is designed to assist the remaining individual search with better individuals. Secondly, based on FPA, a non-dominated sorting multi-objective flower pollination algorithm (NSMOFPA) is proposed. The external archive strategy and leader strategy are introduced, to solve the global pollination problem. The proposed crowding degree method and the introduced elite strategy effectively maintain the diversity of the population. Then, IFPA is applied to WSN deployment aiming at optimizing coverage rate, simulation experiments show that IFPA can obtain a higher coverage rate with shorter iterations, which can save network deployment costs. Finally, applying NSMOFPA to the WSN deployment with optimization objectives for coverage rate, node radiation overflow rate and energy consumption rate. The experimental results verify that NSMOFPA has a good optimization effect and can provide a better solution for WSN deployment.


As we approach the 21 st Century, significant demographic and ideological changes suggest that a design approach to make products, spaces, and environments more usable is warranted. Dramatic declines in mortality rates associated with a variety of illnesses, injuries, and agerelated conditions have enabled an unprecedented number of people with disabilities to live longer and more independently. People also are growing older in record numbers and those aging into disability represent an ever-increasing proportion of the population. In addition, the disability movement that began in the 1970's has changed attitudes regarding the participation of individuals with disabilities in society. However, community living also has brought exposure to the barriers imposed by a world designed to be used (at best) by people without disabilities. As a result, handicaps imposed by unforgiving products and environments designed and built irrespective of the needs of individuals with different abilities are significant and often unrecognized .


This research is motivated by the lack of effetiveness the inplemention evaluation program by counselor teacher in junior high allof regencyKuranji Padang school. So that, the researcher interested to do the research. Based on the first sorvey, the researcher found that the counselor teacher not well yet to done implementation and seen how the implementation of evaluation program. This research aims to describe, 1). Preparation of evaluation program, 2).Instrument that used, 3).Implementation of evaluation program.                                               This research is descriptive qualitative study. Sample of the research are all of counselor teachers at junior hingh schoolin all of reggencyesKuranji Padang data were collected through interview and documentation study to implementation evaluation program. The data analysis technigveused is reduction data, describe the data, and eoncluded the data. The resuit of the research found that, 1). The tack of prepation of evaluation program, 2).Instrumet that used not well yet, 3). The lack of implementation activity evaluation program that done by all of counselor teachers. Basedonresuit of the research, nish that all of conunselor teachers inrease implementation evaluation program with effectiveness and efficient.


The polariton Raman spectra of CuCl, CuBr, and CuI crystals are studied at various temperatures of their zinc-blende phase. Two polar modes are proven to exist in CuCl at room temperature and below; their oscillator-strength ratio changes with temperature and follows the temperature dependence of the lattice constant. In CuBr also two polar modes were observed at 300 and 80 K, but not at 2 K. In the latter case their oscillator-strength ratio shows an exponential temperature dependence. The two polar modes and their oscillator-strength temperature dependence are explained, assuming a temperature-dependent secondary mimimum in the potential energy of the copper ion. Polariton spectra of CuI at room temperature and below show just one polar mode and behave regularly.


An 83-year-old woman presented with sudden-onset severe dyspnea accompanied with left shoulder pain. In the past 4 years, she had been hospitalized 11 times for acute severe pulmonary edema and had sustained 2 episodes of cardiopulmonary arrest during hospitalization. Throughout this period, she showed no signs of left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction or significant valvular disease on ultrasound echocardiography. Holter ECG did not detect any notable arrhythmia. Angiography revealed no organic coronary stenosis. The result of epicardial coronary spasm provocation test using acetylcholine was negative; although mild stenotic changes in coronary arteries were observed, no changes in ECG or symptoms of angina were noted. Stenosis was not detected in the renal arteries; no hormonal abnormalities, including those involving catecholamine, thyroid, and renin-angiotensinaldosterone system, were documented. She was treated with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, β-blocker, and diuretics for heart failure with LV diastolic dysfunction caused by hypertension. At the last admission, chest radiograph showed pulmonary edema and cardiomegaly, and ECG revealed paroxysmal atrial fibrillation followed by spontaneous recovery to normal sinus rhythm, without any evidence of ischemic ST-T changes (Figure 1A and 1D). Ultrasound echocardiography showed mild aortic valve regurgitation and trivial mitral regurgitation (MR) but no LV systolic dysfunction or aortic valve stenosis (maximum pressure gradient, 21 mm Hg; Figure 2A; Movies I and II in the Data Supplement). Basal intraventricular septum was mildly thickened, but no obstruction of LV outflow tract was detected (maximum pressure gradient, 4 mm Hg). Standard therapy with vasodilator and diuretics rapidly alleviated the congestion. However, during her hospital stay, she presented with sudden-onset severe shoulder pain accompanied with significant ST depression (Figure 1B and 1E) and subsequently suffered cardiogenic shock (systolic blood pressure, 50 mm Hg). Because of suspected coronary vasospasm, 1 mg nitroglycerin was immediately administered intravenously. Consequently, both blood pressure and ST changes quickly normalized within a few minutes (Figure 1C and 1F), and her symptoms disappeared. Her hemodynamic status was thereafter continuously monitored using an indwelling Swan-Ganz catheter. On the sixth day of monitoring, she suddenly developed shock (systolic blood pressure dropped from 100 to 62 mm Hg) accompanied with ST depression and shoulder pain. Her systolic pulmonary artery pressure surged from 40 to 70 mm Hg (mean pressure elevated from 21 to 39 mm Hg). Ultrasound echocardiography revealed massive MR with profound tethering of both mitral leaflets, whereas LV wall motion was normal or rather hyperkinetic (Figure 2B; Movies III and IV in the Data Supplement). On administration of nitroglycerin, all parameters, including blood pressure and ST changes, normalized within a few minutes. Remarkably, ultrasound echocardiography showed Mitsunobu Kaneko, MD Kazutaka Ueda, MD, PhD Ikiko Nishimae, MD Shuya Nitta, MD Masatoshi Suzuki, MD, PhD Masashi Kasao, MD, PhD Tetsuro Shirai, MD, PhD IMAGES AND CASE REPORTS IN HEART FAILURE


This study was conducted to evaluate the potential of thiourea in improving the terminal heat resistance in bread wheat. Four wheat genotypes PBW 550 and PBW 343 (heat sensitive) and C 306 and C 273 (heat resistant) were field sown at normal time (November) or late (December) to expose the crop to heat stress during grain-filling. Temperature during grain filling was ~25.6 o C in normal and 29.4 o C in late sown wheat crop. Prior to sowing, wheat seeds were soaked in 6.6 mM thiourea solution) for 6 h. Thiourea was also applied as foliar spray (6.6 mM) at anthesis. Heat stress, during grain filling, led to disruption of cellular membrane by increasing membrane injury index, lipid peroxide and H2O2 contents. Nonetheless, heat resistant (C 306 and C 273) genotypes had lower lipid peroxidation and membrane injury owing to better expression of antioxidants. However, thiourea application ameliorated the heat-induced damages by stimulating the total antioxidant activity through decrease in lipid peroxidation and membrane injury. Thiourea application also increased the total soluble proteins, amino acids and chlorophyll contents in all the tested genotypes. This all caused substantial increase in plant height, peduncle length, peduncle weight and grain weight. Genotypes PBW 550 and PBW 343 showed higher grain weight in spite of greater injury to membranes over genotypes C 306 and C 273. Combined application of thiourea as seed treatment and foliar spray was more effective in improving the wheat performance by enhancing membrane stability, antioxidant potential and yield components. © 2013 Friends Science Publishers


The collective cooperation dilemma, where players are involved in a public goods game and must decide whether to make an individual contribution or not, has gained increasing attention from game theorists and control engineers. Different from the traditional definition, defectors here will face the payoff restriction after adopting the strategy of free riding others' contributions. Specially, we introduce payoff ceilings applied to the gained benefits of the defectors, which leads to an extensive public goods game model. When the number of cooperators is lower than the threshold value, the current model can be transferred to the setups of the general public goods game. Then further increasing the number of cooperators will bring the restricted payoffs for defectors. Analytical results suggest that the payoff ceilings provide us with more insight into the resolution of cooperative dilemma. Particularly, together with other parameters (e.g., the amplification factor and the size of gaming population) of the introduced model, lower values of the payoff ceilings can better facilitate the domination of cooperation strategy at the steady state.


This is the PDF of an Exp(1/a) = Gamma(1, 1/a) random variable. (d) Let X ∼ Γ(a, b). The transformation rule can be used again to show that Y = tX ∼ Gamma(a, tb) for t > 0. Perhaps a simpler argument is based on b being a scale parameter. That is X = bV where V ∼ Gamma(a, 1). Writing tb in place of b in the previous statement proves the claim. (e) The moment-generating function for Xi ∼ Gamma(ai, b) is Mi(t) = (1− bt)−ai , for t < 1/b; see page 151 in the book. Then the moment-generating function of ∑n i=1Xi is the product of the individual moment-generating functions:


Sport dance is a newly rising event liked by undergraduate students because of its amusement,performance and competition.Author makes a study on the physiological and psychological needs of undergraduate students and the feasibility of making sport dance curricular.It's instructive in the college sport reform.


The paraneoplastic neurologic disorders are models of the way in which rare diseases can shed light on common clinical problems. Paraneoplastic neurologic disorders, which are neurologic degenerati...


: An influence game is a simple game represented over an influence graph (i.e., a labeled, weighted graph) on which the influence spread phenomenon is exerted. Influence games allow applying different properties and parameters coming from cooperative game theory to the contexts of social network analysis, decision-systems, voting systems, and collective behavior. The exact calculation of several of these properties and parameters is computationally hard, even for a small number of players. Two examples of these parameters are the length and the width of a game. The length of a game is the size of its smaller winning coalition, while the width of a game is the size of its larger losing coalition. Both parameters are relevant to know the levels of difficulty in reaching agreements in collective decision-making systems. Despite the above, new bio-inspired metaheuristic algorithms have recently been developed to solve the NP-hard influence maximization problem in an efficient and approximate way, being able to find small winning coalitions that maximize the influence spread within an influence graph. In this article, we apply some variations of this solution to find extreme winning and losing coalitions, and thus efficient approximate solutions for the length and the width of influence games. As a case study, we consider two real social networks, one formed by the 58 members of the European Union Council under nice voting rules, and the other formed by the 705 members of the European Parliament, connected by political affinity. Results are promising and show that it is feasible to generate approximate solutions for the length and width parameters of influence games, in reduced solving time.


In analysis-synthesis systems like Linear Predictive Coding (LPC), the speech signal is modeled as the output of a time-varying digital linear filter representing the vocal tract, where the filter input is random noise or a sequence of impulses. In LPC, this filter is described by a set of parameters, called PARCOR coefficients, which are then coded to reduce (compress) the bit rate necessary to code the speech signal. An equivalent set of parameters are the area functions, through which the vocal tract is modeled as a concatenation of cylindrical tubes.
This thesis addresses the problem of further reducing the speech bit rate by manipulation of the LPC parameters without lowering the quality of the resynthesized speech signal. In this study, the vocal tract is viewed both statically and dynamically. In the static description, certain sections of the vocal tract model are unified so that the vocal tract is represented by fewer tubes. The selection of these sections is based on the minimization of an objective speech distortion measure. The new reduced model is tested for both its effectiveness in modeling the vocal tract and its speech compression capabilities.
The dynamic description is connected with the time varying nature of the vocal tract filter. The speech signal is divided into quasi-stationary frames where the filter parameters remain constant within each frame. For certain phonemes (e.g. vowels), the filter parameters often will not change greatly from one frame to the next and when successive frames are encoded, some or all of the parameters can retain their previous values. Hence, it is possible to transmit some, all or none of the new LPC parameters. This choice is not made immediately; instead, a number of consecutive frames is considered and all the possible decision sequences are examined. The final choice of the optimum decision sequence is based on the minimization of a cost function which penalizes both for the number of bits transmitted per frame and for the distortion introduced in the speech signal. The examination of the possible decision sequences is equivalent to a decision tree search which is most efficiently done through dynamic programming.
The quality of the resynthesized speech was judged by listeners, who ranked the different systems in a user preference test. The reduced static model was judged to be a very effective representation of the vocal tract, but its speech compression capabilities were limited because of the necessary additional overhead information.
On the other hand, the dynamic model achieved a high compression of the data rate: 1200 bits per second speech at the output of the present systems was judged to be of equal quality to 2400 bits per second speech generated by only quantizing the LPC parameters. These results show that the dynamic model is very effective for speech compression in voice response applications. It has less importance for real time applications because of the required long analysis time.


The invention relates to a compound anti-counterfeit thin-film material which is used for a paper currency, a marketable security, a certification and a card of a bill and a note, and similar carriers. The thin-film material is a novel magnetically encoded thin-film material, wherein a magnetically encode layer is formed by a metallic chromium layer provided with an encode pattern and a non-crystalline thin layer deposited on the metallic chromium layer, and the electromagnetic characteristics of an area equipped with the chromium layer and an area not equipped with the chromium layer have notable difference, thereby providing a 0-1 encoding scheme, and further improving the anti-counterfeit invisibility of the thin-film material. The invention further provides an compound anti-counterfeit article, which is formed by using the magnetically encoded thin-film material and has first, second and third anti-counterfeit characteristics.


The investigation and analysis on the basic characteristics,known as the acquisition resources of sports knowledge and ability,the special sports quality cognition of "vocation to be",the participation (frequency) in sports activities and the orientation of choosing sports activities,of P.E. learning of 5 different majors in the polytechnic colleges in Zhejiang Province. It was thought that polytechnic colleges should strengthen the construction of practical and vocational P.E. course according to the target of talent (cultivation.)


Introduction Homocysteine (Hcy) is a critical factor for cardiovascular injury, and the elevation of Hcy in children will inevitably increase the risk of cardiovascular disease in adulthood. This study explored the effect of very low-mineral water on children's Hcy and cardiovascular health. Materials and methods This was a retrospective cohort study that recruited two groups of 10–13-year-old children who had consumed direct drinking water (DDW) in school for 4 years. The control group (NW) (119 boys, 110 girls) consumed normal DDW (conductivity 345 μs/cm). The very low-mineral water consumption group (VLW) (223 boys, 208 girls) consumed very low-mineral DDW (conductivity 40.0 μs/cm). Serum Hcy, Hcy metabolites, cofactors of Hcy metabolism, and cardiovascular biomarkers were assessed and standardized by age- and sex-specific Z-scores, and the differences between the two groups were analyzed with independent t-test. The relationships between Hcy metabolism biomarkers and key factors, cardiovascular biomarkers, serum Ca, and mineral intake were analyzed with linear regression. Results Compared with the NW group, the VLW group had significantly higher serum Hcy, Apo-B, Apo-B/A1, and oxLDL, and lower serum 1,25,(OH)2D3, vitamin B6 and B12, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, and Apo-A1. Serum Hcy was positively associated with serum Apo-B and Apo-B/A1, and negatively associated with Ca intake from water and serum 1,25,(OH)2D3. Conclusion This study suggested that drinking very low-mineral water may increase Hcy level and oxidative stress, worsen lipid profile, and threaten the cardiovascular system in children. Reducing 1,25,(OH)2D3, and disordering of calcium metabolism might play important roles. This study first established an association between demineralized drinking water and cardiovascular health in children, suggesting a new environmental concern risk to cardiovascular health.


The guaranteed cost control problem for stochastic multimodeling systems with norm bounded uncertainty is investigated. The main contribution in this paper is that a new parameter independent controller is derived by solving the reduced-order slow and fast stochastic algebraic Riccati equations (SAREs) whose dimension is smaller than the dimension of full-order stochastic multimodeling algebraic Riccati equation (SMARE). It is shown that if these AREs have positive definite stabilizing solution then the closed-loop system is quadratically stable and has the cost bound. A numerical example for a practical megawatt-frequency control problem will be solved to show the effectiveness of the proposed optimization algorithm.


This paper introduces the early work and construction situation of the Ermenshan hydraulic pivot project and analyzes the necessity and feasibility to rebuilding this project, and also the advantages for rebuilding it in the near future.


CFD simulation of a tidal current turbine shroud was performed using Ansys FLUENT commercial code and comparison was made with experimental data. The simulation result obtained was in good agreement with the experimental data. The coefficient of velocity, Cv was in the range of approximately 1.2 to 1.4 for both simulation and experiment. The present study gave useful information on the viability of CFD simulation for the initial evaluation of shroud design performance.


Purpose:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bone generation capacity of the autotransplantation material with clinical and histological analyses after controlled acid treatment conditions. Material and Methods:Bony defects were formed in the femur. Then, autotransplantation material was grafted after hydroxyapatite-coated implant placement. Experimental groups were classified according to the acid treatment method: 2% H2SO4 (group 1), 2% HCl (group 2), 2% HNO3 (group 3), or 2% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) (group 4). Results:The new bone formation area and bone-implant contact (BIC) of the autotransplantation materials were measured after 8 weeks. The new bone formation area in experimental groups 2, 3, and 4 were greater than that in the control group (no graft) and in experimental group 1 at 8 weeks, and the BIC of experimental group 4 was greater than that in the control group and in experimental group 1; these differences showed statistical significance (P < 0.05). Conclusion:Auto-tooth bone treated with EDTA resulted in more effective bone formation in dogs' femurs than bone treated with other solutions.


At the present moment, it remains uncertain whether the Landau-Coulomb equation possesses a unique smooth solution for arbitrarily large times. Alongside the diffusion term, this equation includes a reaction term that could rapidly transform nice configurations into singularities. In this manuscript we show that the diffusion operator in the Landau-Coulomb equation provides much stronger L^1 to L^\infty regularization effects than its linear counterpart, the Laplace operator. Our novel quantification suggests that when seeking a proof of global well-posedness, the nonlinear diffusion term could play a pivotal role.


This paper proposes a method for defining the levels of work in progress (WIP) in productive environments managed by constant work in process (CONWIP) policies. The proposed method combines the approaches of Computer Simulation and Electre TRI to support estimation of the adequate level of WIP and is presented in eighteen steps. The paper also presents an application example, performed on a metalworking company. The research method is based on Computer Simulation, supported by quantitative data analysis. The main contribution of the paper is its provision of a structured way to define inventories according to demand. With this method, the authors hope to contribute to the establishment of better capacity plans in production environments.


The water hydrology in stuarine areas is essential for the maintenance of this biological system. Considering the socioeconomic importance of shrimp harvest from Formoso River, located in the south coast of Pernambuco, the purpose of this study was to characterize the water quality, the biology of white shrimp Litopenaeus schmitti and the manual and rudimentary harvesting activities in this estuary, in order to enable in the future adequate harvest methods of this species, which is the basic source of the fishermen from the region. Data for this study were based on the fishing activities in 2006. The results showed that environmental conditions of Formoso River estuary influenced the frequency of Litopenaeus schmitti , where they were found in muddy bottoms and with high organic matter, in shallow water depths. The populational density varied according to station of study, it was higher at mean region of the estuary. The salinity varied between 15 and 40ppm. The rainfall indexes of rainy season affected the frequency of shrimps. The manual and rudimentary harvest is common, where fishing gear of trawling type and floating net are produced by the fishermen of region themselves. Most fishermen use rowing boats and sailing boats. Only 10% perform motor boat fishing. The fishing frequency is about three or four times a week, in daily and night shifts. 80% of the interviewees (fishermen) have a monthly income lower than a minimum salary. The rate of illiteracy among the older people is significant and the housing conditions are precarious. The studies on Formoso River estuary showed that it presents ecological implications as a result of environmental variations and anthropogenic


Morphology of a novel semiorganic nonlinear optical crystal, l-arginine trifluoroacetate (+(NH2CNH(CH2)3CH(NH3+)COO−·CF3COO−) has been indexed. The crystal has nine developed facets with major ones (1 01) (1 00) and (001). The dielectric constant and dielectric loss were recorded both as function of frequency and temperature in detail. The measured specific heat values of LATF are larger than those of LAP and KDP. The thermal expansion is highly anisotropic along different directions. The refractive indices and optical damage threshold have also been investigated for the first time.


The Synchronized Position Hold Engage Reorient Experimental Satellites (SPHERES) are an experimental testbed for guidance, navigation and control algorithms that has been operated, by astronauts, inside the crew volume of the International Space Station (ISS) since 2006. In October 2012, the MIT Space Systems Laboratory and Aurora Flight Sciences launched a vision based navigation upgrade to the SPHERES satellites, known as the Goggles, as part of the Visual Estimation and Relative Tracking for Inspection of Generic Objects (VERTIGO) Program. The VERTIGO Goggles successfully performed a number of vision-based navigation research experiments onboard the ISS. This included camera calibration, visual-inertial circumnavigation and stereo visual simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) for spinning and tumbling objects. To the best of the author's knowledge, these tests are the first time a SLAM algorithm has been run onboard a platform in space. This paper summarizes a few of the key research highlights of the VERTIGO program.


Master and servant acts, the cornerstone of English employment law for more than four hundred years, gave largely unsupervised, inferior magistrates wide discretion over employment relations, including the power to whip, fine, and imprison men, women, and children for breach of private contracts with their employers. The English model was adopted, modified, and reinvented in more than a thousand colonial statutes and ordinances regulating the recruitment, retention, and discipline of workers in shops, mines, and factories; on farms, in forests, and on plantations; and at sea. This collection presents the first integrated comparative account of employment law, its enforcement, and its importance throughout the British Empire. Sweeping in its geographic and temporal scope, this volume tests the relationship between enacted law and enforced law in varied settings, with different social and racial structures, different economies, and different constitutional relationships to Britain. Investigations of the enforcement of master and servant law in England, the British Caribbean, India, Africa, Hong Kong, Canada, Australia, and colonial America shed new light on the nature of law and legal institutions, the role of inferior courts in compelling performance, and the definition of "free labor" within a multiracial empire.


Expected Length of School (HLS) is the length of school (in years) that is expected to be felt by children at a certain age in the future. It is assumed that the probability that the child will remain in school at the following ages is the same as the probability of the population attending school per total population for the current age. Length of School is also a benchmark for evaluating government programs in improving Human Resources that excel in the competition of technological advances. The purpose of this study is to apply the Conjugate Gradient Algorithm with the Best Performance for Predicting School Life Expectancy in Indonesia. Research data on the Expectation of Schooling in Indonesia consists of 10 Provinces obtained from the Central Statistics Agency from 2016 to 2021. This study uses 5 architectural models, namely 2-10-1, 2-15-1, 2-20-1, 2-25-1 and 2-30-1. Of the five architectural models used, the best architectural model is 2-3-1 with an MSE of 0.000000002 in two seconds. Based on this best architectural model, it will be used to predict the Expectation of Old Schools in Indonesia for the next five years, namely from 2022 to 2026.


[Objective] A rapid and accurate determination method of avermectins and their metabolites in soil and water by HPLC-FD was established. [Method] According to the complexity of components in soil and water, the preparation technology of soil and water samples was designed. After the samples were carried out a column-before derivative fluorescence by three fluorine acetic anhydride (TFAA)-N-methyl 5-membered imidazole (NMIM)-acetonitrile (ACN), residues of avermectins in them were determined by HPLC-FD. [Result] The minimum detection concentration of avermectins and their metabolites in soil and water was 1 μg/kg. When the concentration of avermectins and their metabolites in soil and water samples ranged from 1 to 100 μg/kg, add recoveries of avermectins and their metabolites in soil and water samples were 75.1%-106.7% and 73.9%-88.7%, meanwhile variation coefficients were 5.91%-11.65% and 8.60%-10.2%, which could meet the requirements of residual analysis. [Conclusion] The research provides an effective detection method of avermectin residues in environment.


In this paper, we ask whether fertility at the workplace is "contagious", investigating the influence of colleagues' fertility on women's transitions to first pregnancy. Our study is informed by the principles of analytical sociology, proposing different mechanisms that are likely to mediate social interaction effects on fertility. The empirical analysis draws on linked employer-employee panel data from the German Federal Employment Agency comprising 42,394 female co-workers in over 7,560 firms. Discrete-time hazard models reveal the existence of a contagion effect: In the year after a colleague gave birth, transition rates to pregnancy almost doubled. The results are consistent with desireand belief-based mechanisms of social contagion, suggesting that interaction with pregnant colleagues and/or their newborns may generate or exacerbate the wish to have a child but also increase confidence in childbearing decisions by learning from a social model.


Sea trials of a damped vibration absorber installed on a 550 ton ship are described. The absorber was designed to increase the damping in the fundamental vertical bending mode of the ship. Vibration levels, as a result of wave action, were reduced by a factor of approximately six. (Author)


evalue_estat is a postestimation command that performs sensitivity analyses for unmeasured confounding in observational studies using the methodology proposed by VanderWeele and Ding (2017). evalue_estat reports E-values, defined as the minimum strength of association on the risk ratio scale that an unmeasured confounder would need to have with both the treatment and the outcome to fully explain away a specific treatment-outcome association, conditional on the measured covariates. evalue_estat computes E-values for point estimates and confidence limits for several common outcome types, including risk and rate ratios, odds ratios with common or rare outcomes, hazard ratios with common or rare outcomes, and standardized mean differences in outcomes. Estimation models currently supported by evalue_estat are logistic, logit, cloglog, scobit, clogit, stcox, streg, poisson, cpoisson, tpoisson, nbreg, zip, zinb, regress, tobit, truncreg, hetregress, and xtreg.


Many people experience with advancing age complaints
caused by degenerative changes of the cartilage
in their joints, often leading to osteoarthritis
(OA). Prevention and/or reduction of OA may include
stimulation of the formation of new cartilage,
the reduction of degenerative changes and
the treatment of symptoms (pain, stiffness). On the
basis of this review, it is concluded that the best
opportunities for the nutritional prevention
and/or treatment of OA are in the reduction of inflammation
and not in the stimulation of new cartilage
formation.


This paper mainly deals with the simulations of graphite matrix of the spherical fuel elements by steam in normal operating conditions. The fuel element matrix graphite was firstly simplified to an annular part in the simulations. Then the corrosions to the matrix graphite in 10 MW High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactor (HTR-10) and the High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactor—–Pebble-bed Module (HTR-PM) were investigated respectively. The results showed that the gasification of fuel element matrix graphite was uniform and mainly occurred at the bottom of the core in both of the reactors in the mean residence time of the spherical fuel elements. This was mainly caused by the designed high temperature at the bottom. The total mass gasified in HTR-PM was much greater than the HTR-10, while it did not mean much severer corrosion occurred there. As it is known the core volume of HTR-PM is much larger than the HTR-10, which will result in much greater consumed graphite even for the same corrosion rate. The steam only lost about 1 to 3 percent after flowing through the cores in both reactors for different steam conditions. The corrosion of graphite became worse when the steam concentrations increased in helium coolant. The results also indicated that the corrosion rate of fuel element matrix graphite tended to increase slightly with the prolonging of the service time.Copyright © 2009 by ASME


Conventional plasmonic structures provide field enhancement in the plane. The proposed nanoplasmonic three-dimensional surfaces, with unity coverage in the plan-view, enable surface-normal enhancement and achieve 7.2-fold stronger maximum field enhancement compared to the two-dimensional counterparts.


A prospective study of 584 consecutive patients presenting with acute abdominal pain was conducted to evaluate the role of ultrasonography as a first-line diagnostic tool for differentiating between surgical and nonsurgical diseases. The study reveals a high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of diverticulitis, cholecystitis, and bowel obstruction. In acute appendicitis the method is highly specific, but the sensitivity is rather low. Taking into account the high rate of specific results, routine ultrasonography can be recommended as a screening method in patients suffering from acute abdominal pain.


The assessment of abdominal tumors radiotherapy has been carried out using CT image, to evaluate whether there are residual cancer foci after radiation therapy i.e. recurrence after radiation therapy. The targeted abdominal organs in this study are the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, Liver, spleen, kidney, Pancreas and gall bladder. The collected data about the cancer patients in 2008 were the age, gender, organ involved, tribe, geographical region and the recurrence cases percent. The collected data were analyzed using EXCELL soft ware after a CT image was performed for the (100) patients during the first follow up appointment which was after 1 month of treatment. The analysis of the data shows that: the abdominal organs tumor is predominated among male relative to female with 51% among male and 49% respectively. Also the analysis shows that: the abdominal cancer incidence could occur in the 3. decades and predominated among elderly people from 40 up to 66 years old. And the correlation between the cancer incidence and the patient Ages reveal that: the cancer incidence has a direct proportional with the ageing i.e. as the age increase the cancer incidence increases with the following equation: 6 . 4 19 . 0   x y where y refers to the incidence and x refers to age.


This paper introduces a model for the demand of books and other periodic publications (BPP) in Spain based on micro-data from household budget surveys corresponding to 2006, 2007, and 2008. The model is formulated with a truncated or censored dependent variable in which selection is made using a probit model that determines the possibility of whether a given item is purchased or not. Then, based on the results from the initial model, the factors that determine expenditure on BPP are identified. Alternatively, a tobit model has been used. The paper is mainly focused on identifying the price and income elasticity of demand, as well as the influence of various demographic factors such as sex and age, both on the probability of purchase as well as on the expenditure made on BPP.


T he prevalence of personality disorder (PD) in the nonclinical (community) population was largely unknown through the early 1990s, although it was of considerable interest to the architects of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) system, the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), and the personality disorders research community. The prevalence estimates provided in the DSM manuals (DSM-III, DSM-III-R, DSM-IV) were essentially informed speculation, but they did not derive from properly designed population studies. Some specific disorders, such as borderline PD, were simply described as ''common'' [1–3]. At the NIMH-sponsored workshop on personality disorders held at Williamsburg, VA, in 1990, Weissman [4] conjectured that the population prevalence of ''any PD'' would be in the range of 10% to 13%. The ''guess-timate'' informed by early (1950s) community surveys and the rate of PDs observed in the biological relatives of psychopathology-affected subjects who were participating in other studies (eg, the nonpsychotic relatives of schizophrenia patients; or, healthy control subjects and their biological relatives). Clearly, this prior database was subject to a variety of methodological artifacts. For example, the early community studies did not use explicit diagnostic criteria for the definition of PD, nor could they have used structured interviews, as they did not exist in the 1950s. The study of the rate of PD in the relatives of psychiatric patients (eg, first-degree relatives of psychotic patients) resulted in data hampered by the fact that the samples were necessarily conditioned on the presence of major psychotic symptomatology in the study probands as well as the fact that biological relationships among the study subjects precluded independence of observation across the samples. In short, the sample selection and relatedness of the subjects shaped the samples in ways that would not be characteristic of samples drawn from the population at large. Thus, issues of diagnosis, sampling, and disorder definition loomed large in the consideration of data drawn from these early studies. Nonetheless, the


The present aims at charactering the effects of CO2 dilution on methane-high temperature air counterflow diffusion flames.Flame temperature,heat release ratio,species distribution and NO formation were calculated by using OPPDIF Code with GRI-Mech 3.0,mechanism.The results indicate that the suppression of CH4 oxidation with CO2addition can be mainly ascribed to the decrease of H,O and OH radicals involved in chain propagation and chain initiation reactions.Flame temperature and heat release rate decrease with the increase of the dilution ratio in the oxidation.As a result,the hot spot of reaction zone is suppressed with the addition of CO2.If the dilution ratio is greater than 20%,the effects of combustion air temperature on thermal NO emission are limited.NO formation by the fenimore route is dominant compared with other routes especially when the air is highly diluted with carbon dioxide.


In the modern literature, the issue of women has been of great concern. In the opinion of the writer's, it can trace its origin back to the play the Careless Tattler Li Cui-lian in Song Yuan Dynasty; an assumption has been drawn: if the issue of women is viewed through the Careless Tattler Li Cui-lian and the Sketch of Li Shuang-shuang, two works that are internally connected in some respects, the flow path of the germination of the consciousness of women's right and the subversion of the consciousness of men's right can be clearly seen. This paper intends to prove this assumption with a view to making some progress in the study of this issue.


We present a dedicated analysis of the inuence of excited states on the calculation of nucleon matrix elements. This calculation is performed at a xed value of the lattice spacing, volume and pion mass that are typical of contemporary lattice computations. We focus on the nucleon axial charge, gA, for which we use about 7,500 measurements, and on the average momentum of the unpolarized isovector parton distribution,hxi u d , for which we use about 23,000 measurements. All computations are done employing Nf = 2 + 1 + 1 maximally-twisted-mass Wilson fermions and using nonperturbatively calculated renormalization factors. Excited state eects are shown to be negligible for gA, whereas they lead to anO(10%) downward shift forhxi u d .


Matching algorithm is the core of the Intrusion Detection System, whose speed decides the whole function of the system. The new algorithm uses the structure of sequential binary tree to store the rules of intrusion based on multiple pattern matching, and realizes quick matching by using the rule to access the binary tree. So it has a better searching step and efficiency.


Atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies on dimensional changes of cellulose microfibrils exposed to two distinct relative humidities of saturated salt solutions, corresponding to 80 % and 23 % for 24 hours and then suddenly subjected to 50 % RH and 23 C show that the microfibrils respond to the surrounding environments. AFM images of the same area (10 m 10 m scan size) in the individual straight microfibrils (approx. 100 m 3 m 300 nm) were taken as a function of elapse time during sorption stages. The measured length of the cellulose microfibril was observed to have shrunk just after being removed from each RH and progressively relaxed to its original length as a function of elapsed time. Possible explanations of changes in measured length of cellulose microfibrils are discussed.


Thermal comfort and micro-climates around buildings are important issues in urban planning that affect everyone's daily lives. During heat waves, the Mean Radiant Temperature (Tmrt) has been found to be closely connected to the thermal comfort distribution at the micro-scale. In this study, we built a computerized model of idealized buildings, all with the same height, but with variable street widths and orientations. An established radiation model, Solar Long Wave Environmental Irradiance Geometry, was utilized to simulate spatial variations of Tmrt, and generate thermal comfort classifications based on the simulated statistical distributions. Simulation results were analysed by comparing different street aspect ratios and the impact of orientation for three different street zones. By quantifying the thermal comfort in a specific urban environment, our findings provide a process that enables architects and urban planners to accurately determine the impact of site-specific factors on the thermal comfort of their designs.


Based on the daily data of 23 meteorological stations from 1959 to 2010,the potential evaporation(ET0) was calculated using the Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO) Penman-Monteith model,and then the humid index in the Wei river basin was reconstructed from the ET0.With the method of spline interpolation,climatic trend rate,normalized ratio and correlation analysis,etc,the temporal and spatial variations of humid index and extreme arid and wet event,as well as its influential factors were discussed.The results indicated that the humid index decreased in the last 52 years,drought phenomenon increased gradually from south to North,with the driest condition in the loess hilly gully region and the wettest condition in Guanzhong Region and Qin Mountain.The inter annual fluctuations of humid index was very significant and change trend of extreme points presented a antiphase relation corresponding to the potential evaporation.Jing River and North Luo River had the similar dry-wet condition to Wei River Basin.Drying rate was larger for the Hua Mountain and Baoji,Guanzhong Region presented a trend of becoming wet.There was a positive correlation with precipitation and relative humidity,and negative correlation with sunshine duration,potential evaporation and wind speed.


Orientation-controlled copper bicrystals containing [001] symmetrical tilt boundaries aligned parallel to the loading axis were deformed in tension at 923 K and a strain rate of 4.2 × 10−4 s−1. The nucleation of dynamic recrystallization (DRX) was investigated along the grain boundary. For this purpose, both optical and orientation imaging microscopy methods were used. After grain-boundary migration (GBM) and bulging, nuclei appeared behind the most deeply indented grain boundary regions. The critical strain for nucleation was about one-quarter to one-half of the peak strain and depended on the misorientation angle. All the nuclei were twin-related (Σ3) to the matrices. Furthermore, all the primary twin traces were parallel to those of the inactive slip planes of the parent single crystals. Crystallographic analysis revealed the important role of the direction of GBM on twinning-plane variant selection. The characteristics of grain boundary nucleation depended sensitively on grain boundary character and on grain boundary mobility. The observed DRX nucleation mechanism is discussed in relation to the occurrence of GBM and twinning.


arms and men a study in american military history is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our books collection saves in multiple countries, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Merely said, the arms and men a study in american military history is universally compatible with any devices to read.


Summary In this study, the population structure, growth and reproduction characteristics of 414 chub (Leuciscus cephalus L., 1758) from the _ dam lake were investigated monthly between January and December 2000. Age groups ranged between I and VI for this species in the reservoir, with the second and third year-classes dominating. Sex ratio was 1 : 1.4 (M : F), corresponding to 58.4% males and 41.6% females. Females attained greater size and age than males. The largest female captured was 24.8 cm FL, the largest male was 24.1 cm FL, both age VI. The von Bertalanffy growth equations and length–weight relationships were found as: Lt ¼ 28.89[1 ) e )0.224(t+1.55) ] for females, Lt ¼ 26.71[1 ) e )0.259(t+1.55) ] for males; Wt ¼ 347.386[1)e )0.224h (t+1.55) ] 2.86 for females, Wt ¼ 286.48[1)e )0.259 (t+1.55) ] 2.92 for males; W ¼ 0.0227 · L 2.87 for females and W ¼ 0.0194 · L 2.92 for males. Significant statistical differences in condition factors between age classes and sexes were not found (P > 0.05, t-test). Spawning period of this species in the lake was between April and May.


The invention provides a system for operating a server. Safety and convenience in realizing remote operation of the server are facilitated. The system comprises a proxy module, a management module and an application module, the proxy module is arranged in the server and used for receiving operation indicating information sent by the management module, determining an operation instruction according to the operation indicating information and executing the operation instruction, and the operation indicating information includes an identity of the operation instruction, a position where the operation instruction is stored on the server and a file name of the operation instruction; the management module is used for storing multiple instruction items, each instruction item includes an identity of one operation instruction, a position where the operation instruction is stored on the server and a file name of the operation instruction, the management module is used for generating the operation indicating information according to the operation instruction sent by the application module and sending the operation indicating information to the proxy module, and the application module is arranged in mobile terminal equipment and used for sending the identity of the operation instruction needing to be executed to the management module.


Power Line Communication (PLC) is categorized into wired and wireless technologies to distribute the power and transmit the data at different frequency ranges. System administration is one of the significant area in these networks to manage communication processes. Security is one of the significant concern which make networks slow and unavailable, false and altered instructions exist, malfunctioning, and abnormal behavior of systems observed. Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is one of the solution to handle security attacks and protect the systems from unauthorized access. However, the existing IDS systems have limited capabilities to handle the new attacks. This paper proposes a Machine Learning (ML) algorithm for IDS system used in PLC networks to improve the overall system performance and detect the vulnerabilities of the system. The proposed system can detect the latest assaults and protect the systems from unauthorized and malicious activities. The proposed IDS system is assessed by using a virtual environment using the latest dataset and compared with existing traditional systems. The experiment results indicated the better performance of the proposed system to handle the new assaults and protect the systems.


I. INTRODUCTION Pyrolysis gas chromatography (PGC) is an indirect method of investigation in which the sample is pyrolyzed, the resulting volatile products are analyzed by gas chromatography (GC), and the substance under investigation is characterized on the basis of GC of the volatile products of its pyrolysis. By qualitative and quantitative analysis of the products formed in the pyrolysis of the sample, one can determine the structure and composition of the system under study. Unlike other chemical methods widely used in PGC, pyrolysis is a complex reaction normally proceeding in many directions and involving many stages. Nevertheless, despite these difficulties, the resulting products are adequately representative of the composition and structure of the pyrolyzed samples, which is precisely what makes PGC a valuable method and provides for its development.


Abstract The author integrates research and theory to suggest that caring is an important dimension of effective college teaching. Despite the fact that students are acutely aware of whether their professors care about them, professors do not necessarily prioritize this aspect of teaching to the same extent. This article provides concrete suggestions about how professors can develop such rapport with their students, addresses common criticisms and concerns about professors expressing care, and offer avenues for future inquiry.


Several radical properties have been defined for a distributively generated (d.g.) near-ring R with identity —the radical /(R), the quasi-radical N(R), the ideal-radical I(R), the radical-subgroup, the primitive-radical P(R), and the nil-radical L(R). The order of containment of the various radicals is L(R) C I(R) C N(R) Ç J(R)CP(R) (cf. [1], [2] ). The radical-subgroup is also contained in /(R), but it is not known how it compares with N(R) in general. If R is a ring, the radical, quasi-radical, ideal-radical, and radical-subgroup are all equal to the Jacobson radical. If R is a near-ring which is not a ring, then the above radicals are not equivalent in general, even if R is finite (cf. [2], [7]). The purpose of this paper is to examine these radicals for the particular (left) d.g. near-ring E(G), the near-ring generated by the endomorphisms of G, where G is a finite group. We show that L(E(G)) = I(E(G)) = N(E(G)) = J(E(G)) = P(E(G)). If G is the sum of its minimal fully invariant subgroups, then J(E(G)) and hence all of the radicals of E(G) are {0}. If G is not the sum of its minimal fully invariant subgroups, the radical J(E(G)) is a proper nonzero ideal of E(G). In §5 we give examples to show that in the latter situation, the radical-subgroup of E(G) may or may not be equal to J(E(G)).


Abstract : The effect of interrupted current (IC) plating on the visual crack morphology, crystallography, and residual stresses of electrodeposited chromium has been investigated. Varying the process parameters such as the on/off plating cycle and current density resulted in changing the crystallographic fiber texture of the deposit from the conventional 111 orientation to a combination of 211, 111, and a small fraction of randomly oriented crystallites. Under these plating conditions, it was also found that (1) lower amounts of chromium hydride (CrHx) occur in the deposit, (2) a large decrease in the microcrack density of the deposit occurs, and (3) the deposits tend to become compressively stressed.