Richness of broadband low-frequency vibration energy in environemnts makes it significant to develop broadband low-frequency vibration energy harvesters. A vibration energy harvester composed of two symmetrical cantilevered piezoelectric bimorphs and a rolling mass in a guiding channel was proposed. A prototype of the vibration energy harvester with a rolling mass was assembled and tested. The base excitation caused the rolling mass to impact with two cantilevered bimorphs repeatedly and the impacts cause the bimorphs to vibrate dramatically. Experimental results show that maximum output power and corresponding excitation frequency increased with the amplitude of base acceleration. For the prototype, the maximum output power of a piezoelectric bimorph on a resistor with the resistance of 100 kΩ was 602 μW under base acceleration with the amplitude of 1.5 g and frequency of 37 Hz, and the half power bandwidth was about 13.5% or 5 Hz.


An air-spring piston, produced by Goodyear EPE (Engineered Products Europe), is able to withstand all the loads that are required by European Engineering Standards when it is supported on its entire lower surface. When the piston was only supported on a part of the lower surface it was not able to withstand all the i loads. To solve this problem we made a strength analysis of the existing piston. The piston was then modified so that it was able to withstand all the required loads.


A total of 140 Lohman pullets layers at eighteenth week of lay were randomly selected and used to study effects of graded levels of fishmeal protein supplementation to two commercial feeds (type A & B) on egg production and quality. Layers were divided into two equal groups each of which was divided into five equal sub groups of A 1 , A 2 , A 3 , A 4 , A 5 and B 1 , B 2 , B 3 , B 4 , B 5 . Each feed type was used as control diet and also to formulate four other diets by supplementation with graded levels of fishmeal such that CP level of control diets (A 1 , B 1 ) was raised from 16.0% to 17.0, 18.0, 19.0 and 20.0% respectively. Each sub group of layers (n=14) was fed particular treatment diet, at 120g/layer daily for 57 days. Eggs were collected daily for the last 50 days and samples were used to determine quantity by number, graded by weight and shape while egg quality was determined from shell thickness and yolk index. Irrespective of types of diets, layers consumed their ration. Those fed type A diets performed less than their contemporaries fed type B diets probably because of the latter's superior feed quality including balanced protein-energy ratio. Generally, fishmeal supplementation to the commercial feeds relatively improved egg lay and quality with optimum values recorded at CP level of 18.0%. Thereafter, increase in feed CP level relatively caused slight (sub groups A) or negligible (sub groups B) decline in egg lay and quality. Thus, control layers (A 1 , B 1 ) laid 282 and 294 eggs at average weights of 56.9 and 60.3g and feed conversion values of 5.2 and 4.7 compared with egg numbers of 338 and 368 weighing 60.6 and 61.8g and feed conversion values of 4.1 and 3.7 (P 3 and B 3 sub groups respectively. There was significant difference between sub groups in their hen-day egg production rates and yolk indices (P KEY WORDS: Fishmeal, protein supplementation, egg quality Nigerian Veterinary Journal Vol.24(2) 2003: 27-33


Weblogs, or blogs, have rapidly gained in popularity over the past few years. In particular, the growth of business blogs written by or providing commentary on businesses and companies opens up new opportunities for developing blog-specific search and mining techniques. In this paper, we propose probabilistic models for blog search and mining using two machine learning techniques, Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) and Probabilistic Latent Semantic Analysis (PLSA). We implement the models in our database of business blogs, with the aim of achieving higher precision and recall. The probabilistic model is able to segment the business blogs into separate topic areas, which is useful for keywords detection on the blogosphere. Various term-weighting schemes and factor values were also studied in detail, which reveal interesting patterns in our database of business blogs. From our study, we can uncover domain-driven data mining techniques that can better strengthen business intelligence in complex enterprise applications.


Infectious bronchitis (IB) casues multi-systemic infection in chickens with signs similar caused by other poultry pathogens and thus a high diagnostic accuracy can only be achieved by s series of laboratory assays. This article reviews in a brief way the traditional virus assays such as embryo innoculation, tracheal rings and virus neutralization assays for the direct detection of Avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) and methods based on gene molecular biology and some assays for the detection of anti-IBV antibodies, including ELISA. A critical view on each technique is also provived by the author.


Using control and repairing loops to remove production errors is not the only solution to increase the manufacturing yield. The production of errors can also be directly avoided, prevented or eliminated, even as early as in the planning phase. This paper suggests that the idea of Process Signatures can help to achieve Loopless Production. Loopless Production offers an option to guarantee the production quality towards the vision of the zero-defect manufacturing. It is considered that closed loops are used in a production process chain to identify and to correct the unknown and the systematic errors. These errors can actually be avoided through specifically adjusted or optimal arranged production processes. This puts a higher demand on the understanding of processes, which involve various energy-material interactions. This demand can be met via Process Signatures which aims to develop a process-independent description method of effects of processes. A supportive relationship is foreseen between Process Signatures and Loopless Production. The combination of these two ideas shall allow the simplification of the work for the rationalization of process sequences, the streamlining of closed loops as well as the selection of optimal substitute processes.


With the softening influence of time, which modifies all things, our minds are prone to assume the blank state so necessary for calmness of thought and dispassionate consideration that should always be brought to bear on all questions of forensic medicine. It is in this frame of mind, I trust, that we now approach the consideration of a case that was attended by much public excitement. On Jan. 28, 1893, I visited the district jail, in company with Dr. Godding, of Washington, to examine into the mental condition of a young man under sentence of death for the murder of his wife. Certain features of this celebrated case, but more especially the lunacy inquiry, came within the unfortunate category of those prejudged by public sentiment, regardless of calm consideration of the attendant facts. But the question of guilt or innocence being no concern of mine, judgment may be suspended on


To evaluate a commercialized in situ hybridization (ISH) assays for detecting human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA, we compared the ability of the new ISH probe, INFORM HPV 3 (Ventana Medical Systems, Tucson, AZ) with that of PCR assays to detect HPV DNA in cervical tissue specimens with normal cervix (20 cases), cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN 1, 27 cases; CIN 2, 28 cases; CIN 3, 33 cases), and cervical carcinoma (29 cases). General HPV DNA was detected using consensus primer mediated PCR assays. HPV genotyping was performed using EasyChip HPV blot (King Car Yuan Shan Institute, I-Lan, Taiwan). HPV 16 integration status (E2/E6 ratio) was determined using quantitative real-time PCR. Our findings showed that the ISH and PCR had fair to good agreements in detecting HPV DNA across all CIN categories without significant differences (Kappa coefficient: 0.34-0.63, P = 0.13-1.0). However, ISH detected significantly fewer HPV positive cases in carcinoma than PCR did (Kappa coefficient: 0.2; P = 0.03). Eleven cases with ISH-/PCR+ results had HPV types that can be detected by INFORM HPV 3. Five carcinoma cases with ISH-/PCR+ results showed a significantly higher level of integrated HPV 16 (P = 0.008) than did the ISH+ cases. As a consequence, lower copy numbers of episomal HPV16 in carcinoma might be the cause for the false-negative ISH results. Although the punctate signal pattern of HPV significantly increased with the severity of disease (P trend = 0.01), no significant difference in the HPV 16 integration status was observed between the cases with a punctate signal only and the cases with mixed punctate and diffuse signals (P = 0.4). In conclusion, ISH using INFORM HPV 3 probe seems comparable to PCR for detecting HPV DNA in cervical tissue with CINs. False-negative ISH results appears to be AC CE PT ED on O cber 2, 2017 by gest ht://jcm .sm .rg/ D ow nladed fom


This study compares OLS regression analysis and quantile regression analysis by using an example of executive compensation study in the hotel and casino industry. In sum, 120 executives in 29 U.S. hotel and casino companies were used to conduct both OLS regression and quantile regression analyses. The results of the regression analyses for the coefficient estimates of the model with the hotel and casino sample show that the quantile regression provides more insights than the OLS regression in to understanding whether different levels of executive total cash compensation are related differently to each determinant of executive compensation.


A Dynamic Optical Code Division Multiple. Access (DOCDMA) communication system for Two Dimensional (2-D) Perfect Difference codes using Shifted Sine Functions (SSFs) is proposed here. The performance analysis for this OCDMA system has been done. This system is modeled and analyzed taking into account Multiple Access Interference (MAI) or Multiuser interference (MUI), Thermal Noise and Phase Induced Intensity (PIIN) noise. The performance of this system is compared to that of a DOCDMA system using SSFs as functional codes, Noncoherent spatial / spectral OCDMA system with 2-D perfect difference codes and OCDMA system for 2-D M-matrices codes. The results show that the proposed system improves the bit error rate (BER) performance for large number of users. Furthermore, it is found that for low values of the effective power for each user, the BER performance improves manifold. So, BER can be kept to very low values for lower power levels and hence, the system is more robust. KeywordsMultiple Access Interference or Multiuser Interference (MUI), Optical Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA.), Optical fiber Communication Systems, 2-D perfect difference codes, 2-D M matrices codes, Shifted Sine Functions.


To fill the need for leaders and change agents throughout all levels of federal agencies, public sector human resource managers are now called on to develop innovative leadership development programs. Developing leaders for the 21st century requires attention to workforce trends as well as flexibility and creativity. Federal government leadership concerns of public agency managers, including creative thinking, collaboration, and crossorganizational team building and leading for results.


Created in Europe and spread throughout the world with the West's rise, the university evolved from a guild-like medieval institution bounded by Christian doctrine to a flourishing, free-market place of ideas by the latter half of the twentieth century. Unfortunately, Glynn Custred informs us, the universities' more recent transformation into institutions of "political indoctrination" represents a return to the doctrine-bound era of its infancy.


Clinical significance of estrogen metabolism and physiology is reviewed. The main topics are: 1) estrogen synthesis and metabolism 2) estrogen production dynamics 3) estrogen conversions and 4) estrogenic potencies. The kinetics and interactions of estrogen physiology and metabolism still require many more studies. Different types and amounts of estrogens are produced during the several functional intervals of a womans life and the roles of secretion conversion and interconversion require additional clarification. The precise documentation of potential benefits and risks still needs more accurate investigation but at least estrogen therapies can be approached rationally if they are interpreted in the light of current understanding of estrogen physiology and metabolism.


A time-iterative full Navier-Stokes code, PARC, is used to analyze the flowfield of a two-dimensional ejector nozzle system. A parametric study was performed for two controlling parameters, duct to nozzle area ratio and nozzle pressure ratio. Results show that there is an optimum area ratio for the efficient pumping of secondary flow. At high area ratios, a freestream flow passes directly through the mixing duct without giving adequate pumping. At low area ratios, the jet boundary blocks the incoming flow. The nozzle pressure ratio variation shows that the pumping rate increases as the pressure ratio increases, provided there is no interaction between the shroud wall and the shock cell structure.


Research has demonstrated a relationship between childhood physical abuse and subsequent victimization in dating relationships. However a prior history of abuse does not necessarily result in revictimization and knowledge regarding the mechanisms that increase vulnerability for victimization in the form of dating violence is limited. The current study examined the relationship between child physical abuse, dating violence, general distress, and experiential avoidance, in an undergraduate student sample of 314 women. Physical abuse in childhood was associated with significantly higher rates of victimization in dating relationships, and experiential avoidance mediated the relationship between child physical abuse and revictimization. Higher levels of general distress was associated with cumulative experiences of child physical abuse and dating violence, compared with child physical abuse without dating violence. The current findings suggest that revictimization in the form of dating violence may be linked to exacerbated distress in women who are physically abused as children and that prevention and treatment programs on college campuses may benefit from targeting experiential avoidance with survivors of interpersonal trauma.


A double mutant with striped leaf and abnormal glumous flower containing no foreign genes,was found and temporarily termed as st-fon.Besides white streak on stems,leaves and panicles,it was also characterized by increased number of floral organs and cracked glumous flowers.In extreme cases,the glumous flower was composed of several florets or its middle branch rachis on florets extended,like a looking inflorescence.Through observing the ultra micro-structures of white histocytes at the seedling stage with a scanning electron microscope,the white tissue showed abnormal plastid structures,lamellas and thylakoids which cannot be developed into normal chloroplast.Moreover,the development of chloroplast is stopped at the early stage of plastid growth.Scanning electron microscope observation and paraffin sections of floral organs revealed that the floral meristem organ development was out of order and unlimited,while in the twisty leaves,vascular cells growed excessively,or some bubbly cells increased.Genetic analyses indicated that the mutant character followed cytoplasm inheritance.


Background.menopause is the permanent cessation of menstruation due to loss of ovarian folicular function this hormonal change would have an effect on women`s lipid profile that leading to atherosclerosis. Aim.to investigate the effect of Pilates ex on lipid profile in postmenopausal women subjects&methods.30 postmenopausal obese women aged 45-55 y.They were randomly assigned into 2 equal groups: Group A consist of 15 postmenopausal obese women instructed to follow low caloric diet.Group B consist of 15 women instructed to follow low caloric diet and perform Pilates ex for 30 min/5 times per week for 12 weeks.evaluation was done by measuring lipid profile (CH,TG,LDL AND HDL), BMI and W/H ratio before and after 12 weeks for both groups results. there is good improvement (p˂0.05)in the lipid profile and significant difference between both groups post treatment in favor of group B conclusion. Pilates exercise combined with diet control had better effects on lipid profile in postmenopausal obese women.


The utility model discloses an auxiliary external skeleton for lower limb rehabilitation. The auxiliary external skeleton comprises thigh external skeleton bodies, shank external skeleton bodies and pedals. The thigh external skeleton bodies and the shank external skeleton bodies are hinged. Servo motors and drivers of the servo motors are fixed to the hinged portions. The pedals are hinged to the bottoms of the shank external skeleton bodies. Servo motors and drivers of the servo motors are fixed to the hinged portions. The thigh external skeleton bodies and the shank external skeleton bodies are provided with bandages used for fixing the lower limbs. The pedals are provided with bandages used for fixing the feet. Girdles are hinged to the tops of the thigh external skeleton bodies of the two sides. Servo motors and the drivers of the servo motors are fixed to the hinged portions. The girdles are connected with a hip supporting device of an imitated cushion. The thigh external skeleton bodies and the shank external skeleton bodies are provided with protecting rings. The thighs and the shanks are sleeved with the external skeleton bodies and the protecting rings, the feet step on the pedals, the external skeleton bodies and the pedals fix the lower limbs and the feet through the bandages, and installation is finished. The auxiliary external skeleton can enlarge motion space for the lower limbs, improve the amount of exercise of the lower limbs and achieve the good rehabilitation effect.


Wireless Ad Hoc network is a multi-hop,temporary network composed of a group of wireless transceiver devices.Each device plays an important role as router and host.All the nodes in the network have equal status.Wireless Ad Hoc networks,self-organization without infrastructure,makes it in a specific disaster relief and rescue,military command and operations,field investigation and other special occasions,has been widely used.DSR routing protocol takes advantages of using source routing mechanism,routing cache,and supporting for intermediate nodes responsing,reducing the routing overhead,etc.The article is mainly to solve the node congestion,uneven load and not considering in the choice of the path,by the simulation analysis the node congestion state and energy state greater improvement than the original DSR protocol.


We propose an algorithm targeting the identification of more sources than channels for electroencephalography (EEG). Our overcomplete source identification algorithm, Cov-DL, leverages dictionary learning methods applied in the covariance-domain. Assuming that EEG sources are uncorrelated within moving time-windows and the scalp mixing is linear, the forward problem can be transferred to the covariance domain which has higher dimensionality than the original EEG channel domain. This allows for learning the overcomplete mixing matrix that generates the scalp EEG even when there may be more sources than sensors active at any time segment, i.e. when there are non-sparse sources. This is contrary to straight-forward dictionary learning methods that are based on the assumption of sparsity, which is not a satisfied condition in the case of low-density EEG systems. We present two different learning strategies for Cov-DL, determined by the size of the target mixing matrix. We demonstrate that Cov-DL outperforms existing overcomplete ICA algorithms under various scenarios of EEG simulations and real EEG experiments.


The determine the site of vitellin (Vn) synthesis in the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus, tissues (ovary, hepatopancreas, and gill) from adult female crabs were incubated in vitro with [35S]methionine. Tissue extracts were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and radiolabeled proteins were visualized by autoradiography: Four radiolabeled ovarian proteins (188, 168, 109, and 86 kDa) comigrated with the subunits of Vn. A Western blot analysis confirmed that these ovarian proteins were the Vn subunits. Proteins in the hepatopancreas and gill were also radiolabeled but were not Vn-immunoreactive. In vitro incorporation of [35S] methionine into ovarian proteins was inhibited by an extract of eyestalks; the inhibition was dose-dependent and specific. Autoradiography of the electrophoretically separated ovarian proteins revealed that the eyestalk extract inhibited incorporation of [35S] methionine into numerous proteins, including the Vn subunits. These results suggest that the ovary is a site of Vn synthesis and that the eyestalks contain a factor or factors that directly inhibit the synthesis of Vn and other ovarian proteins. It is anticipated that the suppression of ovarian protein synthesis will be a useful bioassay for blue crab vitellogenesis-inhibiting hormone. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.


Theory of Mind studies of emotion usually focus on children?s ability to predict other people's feelings. This study examined children?s spontaneous references to mental states in explaining others? emotions. Children (4-, 6- and 10-year-olds, n = 122) were told stories and asked to explain both typical and atypical emotional reactions of characters. Because atypical emotional reactions are unexpected, we hypothesized that children would be more likely to refer to mental states, such as desires and beliefs, in explaining them than when explaining typical emotions. From the development of lay theories of emotion, derived the prediction that older children would refer more often to mental states than younger children. The developmental shift from a desire-psychology to a belief-psychology led to the expectation that references to desires would increase at an earlier age than references to beliefs. Our findings confirmed these expectations only partly, because the nature of the emotion (happiness, anger, sadness or fear) interacted with these factors. Whereas anger, happiness and sadness mainly evoked desire references, fear evoked more belief references, even in four-year-olds. The fact that other factors besides age can also play an influential role in children?s mental state reasoning is discussed.


This study aims to assess the influence of green HR management and Green Supply Chain on practices for initiating green business and environmental sustainability. The research also incorporated the mediation role of environmental sustainability between green HR practices, Green Supply Chain, and green business. A structural study methodology was used with 220 samples drawn from manufacturing companies in the province of Central Java. A questionnaire was used to collect data. The PLS(SEM) was also utilized to assess the constructs' reliability and validity as well as investigate their hypothesized links. The finding of this study indicates that environmental sustainability significantly mediates the relationship between green HRM, green supply chain, and green business. The research also finds a positive relationship between green HRM, environmental sustainability, and green businesses. Similarly, findings also found a significant relationship between green supply chain, environmental sustainability, and green industries. The results of this study can be applied to strengthen the resource based theory and literature of HRM and supply chain management. There are several practical managerial implications for improving the performance of manufacturing companies in Central Java. They provide recommendations for practitioners and managers to improve the business performance of companies based on green HRM, green supply chain, and environmental sustainability.


A common initiative for the research into the physics and technology of a flyer plate electromagnetic accelerator has been started at AWE, Aldermaston and Loughborough University. Two electromagnetic accelerators have been constructed and tested: AMPERE, a 120 kJ / 40 kV capacitor bank system at AWE and QUATTRO a 100 kJ/30 kV capacitor bank system at Loughborough Pulsed Power Laboratory. Two numerical models for simulating the foil-flyer accelerator have been developed: a 0-D anda 2-D. The 0-D model is providing a useful tool for designing and for parametric studies and the 2-D model for accurately calculating all the details of the accelerator such as: the velocity, acceleration and temperature of the flyer the current distribution and the overall distribution of the magnetic and electric fields generated during a shot. The paper will present the most relevant experimental data obtained during the first phase of the joint programme and compare it with theoretical predictions.


: The color neutrality of hadrons is interpreted as an expression of conformal symmetry of strong interaction, the latter being signaled through the detected "walking" at low transferred momenta, lim Q 2 → 0 α s ( Q 2 ) /π → 1, of the strong coupling toward a fixed value ( α s "freezing" ). The fact is that conformal symmetry admits quarks and gluons to reside on the compactified AdS 5 boundary, whose topology is S 1 × S 3 , a closed space that can bear exclusively color-charge neutral configurations, precisely as required by color confinement. The compactification radius, once employed as a second scale alongside with Λ QCD , provides for an α s ( Q 2 ) "freezing" mechanism in the infrared regime of QCD, thus making the conformal-symmetry–color-neutrality connection at low energies evident. In this way, perturbative descriptions of processes in the infrared could acquire meaning. In consequence, it becomes possible to address QCD by quantum mechanics in terms of a conformal wave operator equation, which leads to an efficient description of a wide range of data on hadron spectra, electromagnetic form factors, and phase transitions.


Abstract : Printed circuit antennas consisting of a planar radiating structure over a ground plane separated by an electrically thin layer of dielectric have found application in a wide variety of systems. A particular configuration, the circular disc radiator, was chosen for a careful theoretical and experimental investigation. A zeroth order theory for the radiation properties of the antenna was derived, and the radiation pattern, resonant frequency and input impedance were measured experimentally. (Author)


corn stalks are effective adsorbent for methylene blue (MB) and malachite green (MG). In this research, we modified corn stalks used citric acid .The adsorption process of MB and MG by corn stalks illustrates the suitability of pseudo second-order. The Langmuir isotherm is also describe in the data on adsorption of MG. MB and MG adsorption on corn stalks was confirmed by infra-red (IR) spectroscopy and showed that the intensity peak 1734 cm−1 decreases. It indicated that the interaction between adsorbent and adsorbate involved the ester functional group.


The Halstead-Reitan Battery, 2 Benton tests and the WISC were administered to a sample of normal children, ages 5 to 8. The results of a principal-component factor analysis indicated that at least nine different areas were being measured. The areas of neuropsychological functioning were: Analytic-Synthetic Visual-motor Ability, Undirected Motor Speed, Verbal Abstract Ability, Resistance to Distraction, Ability to Alternate between Motor Sets, Directed Motor Speed, Environmental Awareness and Judgmental Skills, Sequencing Visual Stimuli, and Checking Behavior. Regression weights and composite score formulae for estimating Ss' scores in these 9 areas were presented. Dimensions were found which correspond to the Verbal-Performance division of the Wechsler test. Five of the factors were found to be relatively independent of psychometric measures of intelligence. Two factors involving higher-order complex skills were also found. The derived factors were related to other factor analytic studies.


This paper overviews DNA microarray grid alignment and foreground separation approaches. Microarray grid alignment and foreground separation are the basic processing steps of DNA microarray images that affect the quality of gene expression information, and hence impact our confidence in any data-derived biological conclusions. Thus, understanding microarray data processing steps becomes critical for performing optimal microarray data analysis. In the past, the grid alignment and foreground separation steps have not been covered extensively in the survey literature. We present several classifications of existing algorithms, and describe the fundamental principles of these algorithms. Challenges related to automation and reliability of processed image data are outlined at the end of this overview paper.


Educational objectives: To understand the presentation and evaluation and various pathologic conditions involving the parapharyngeal space and to review the cervical-parotid approach and cervical-parotid approach with mandibulatomy as a means to remove tumors of the parapharyngeal space.


Cloud Computing is the upcoming latest technology,it offers computation as per utility of the customer and hence it is known as utility computing. This model is attractive mainly for business oriented people because it reduces total cost of operation, maintainance cost , increases return of investment. But the only thing that is impeding popularity of cloud computing is security issues. In this report we throughly studied and analyse AES encryption algorithm and we found that it is one of the most secure algorithm on cloud. We also discussed AES drawback and tried to overcome it.


This paper analyzes the structure and properties of raw silk developed by Suxiu×Chunfeng bave through scanning electron microscope,infrared spectrum,X-ray diffraction,Raman spectrum,thermal performance analysis and mechanical property test and makes a comparison with common raw silk.The result shows that the diameter of Suxiu×Chunfeng bave is about 10 μm,finer than common raw silk.Same as common raw silk,Suxiu×Chunfeng raw silk generally has amide I,amide II,amide III,amide V,disordered structure and β-folded structure in its molecules;the degree of crystallinity of Suxiu×Chunfeng raw silk is 52.75%,while that of common raw silk is 55.18%;the orientation degree of Suxiu×Chunfeng raw silk is higher than that of common raw silk.Compared to common raw silk,Suxiu×Chunfeng raw silk has a slight poorer thermostability,but it is strong and flexible and its breaking strength and elongation at break are respectively 5.01 cN/dtex and 30.12%.


The phenomenon of compounding case suffixes 1 occurs very often in the Mo. languages, only occasionally in the Ma.Tu. languages, and very rarely in the Tkc. languages. Unfortunately, the grammarians of all those languages most often either just skim or even entirely skip the subject. Nevertheless, some examples of two different types (see [1] and [2]) can be found in the descriptions of Yak. and its dialects. 2


Income, Federal Deduction for Interest under 1917 Act is of All Interest Paid, Though Not Accrued. A decidedly interesting decision has been rendered by the Court of Claims as to interest deduction, under the 1917 act, which squarely conflicts with the department's rulings and which apparently will permit claims for refund, both for income and excess profits taxes. The corporation in question had a capital stock of $300,000 during the years 1913-1917, bonded indebtedness bearing interest at six per cent on Dec. 31, 1913, 1914, 1915 and 1916 of $250,000, and on Dec. 31, 1917 of $229,000. Due to poor business it was unable to pay the interest during 1913, 1914, 1915 and 1916, but was prosperous in 1917, and paid in that year not only the interest for that year but also the unpaid interest for the four preceding years. It made return for 1917, claiming the entire interest so paid as a deduction. Upon subsequent audit it was required to file an amended return eliminating the interest for the four years preceding and was assessed an additional tax, which after rejection of claim for abatement, it paid under protest and filed refund claim, followed by suit to recover. The sole question thus squarely presented was as to the right to deduct interest accrued in prior years but paid in 1917. The court expressed little difficulty in deciding that the deduction was improperly disallowed and gave judgment in favor of the corporation for the full amount claimed. The department's position, as indicated by its action on the abatement claim was that only interest accrued and paid during the year was deductible, which led the court to refer to the fact that while the


This is the first book to define the current status of electoral studies in New Zealand. It canvasses various approaches that have been used to explain voting, illustrating the theoretical complexities involved. While studies of electoral behaviour have been a predominant concern since the early 1960s, much of the early research was descriptive rather than quantitative. Recent research--which is covered here--has turned its attention to the individual motivations behind voting, and the contributors to the volume are New Zealand's leading quantitative analysts.


CORRELATION OF DEFECTS OF DECLARATION OF INTENT WHEN ENTERING INTO MATRIMONY UNDER CANON LAW CODE AND FAMILY AND GUARDIANSHIP CODE Summary The analysis concerns the intertwining of the areas of secular and canon law with regard to defects of a declaration of will at the time of contracting a marriage. The author proceeds from an analysis of the historic background to denominational marriages starting with the 1557 Synod of Piotrkow, until the 1917 enactment of the Canon Law Code (Kodeks Prawa Kanonicznego, "KPK"), when a uniform approach to marriage was adopted in the whole Universal Church. He goes on to look into the question of the forms of contracting a marriage, both the ordinary and the extraordinary form, based on the provisions of the Canon Law Code from 1983. A further part of the analysis looks back at the historical evolution of the regulations relating to the defects of the declaration of will in Polish matrimonial legislation, with emphasis on the periods when Poland was partitioned by the neighboring powers and on post-WWII Polish and international legislation relating to family matters. The article ends with an analysis of the defects of declarations of intent made in connection with entering into matrimony under the KPK and under the Family and Guardianship Code ("KRO"). Under the former, these include: the lack of sufficient use of reason, significant absence of the person's awareness of material marital rights and duties, mental inability to accept significant marital duties, error, trickery, simulation of marital consent, conditional consent, coercion or fear, while under KRO these would include: lack of awareness of a declaration of will, mistake concerning a person and threat.


The Feed Assessment Tool (FEAST) was used to characterize the livestock production system with a particular focus on the feed‐related aspects of the Ratnanagar and Gitanagar municipalities in the Chitwan district of southern Nepal. The FEAST is a simple questionnaire that utilises a combination of informal group discussions and structured interviews with key farmer informants to rapidly assess on‐farm feed availability in a smallholder context. The study was conducted by staff members from the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) in partnership with the local Nepali Non‐ Government Organisation (NGO), Forum for Rural Welfare and Agricultural Reform for Development (FORWARD). The aims of the study were to; firstly gain an understanding of the overall production system with a particular focus on the livestock feeding strategies employed by farmers in both municipalities, and secondly, identify key areas of the feeding strategy that could be altered to improve livestock productivity.


Background. The anisotropy of the transverse magnetoresistance of single-crystal nickel films was studied in this work. The measurements were carried out on samples whose surface plane coincided with the [001] plane. Studies of the magnetoresistance in a single-crystal nickel film have shown the effect of tensile stresses acting on it from the side of magnesium oxide. The modification Urinov Khudoyor Omonovich 1 Urinov et al.: LARGE VALUES OF THE TRANSVERSE MAGNETIC RESISTANCEOF SINGLE CRYST Published by 2030 Uzbekistan Research Online, 2020 EXACT AND NATURAL SCIENCES BUXORO DAVLAT UNIVERSITETI ILMIY AXBOROTI 2020/5 (81) 13 of the anisotropy of magnetoreflection of a film on a substrate as compared to a free sample is apparently associated with a change in the shape of the Fermi surface of carriers. In accordance with the technology the films were grown at a substrate temperature of 1000°C. The thermal expansion coefficient of nickel, αNi, exceeds the corresponding coefficient αMgO for magnesium oxide. For example, at room temperature αNi = 12,5·10 -6 , αMgO = 11,2·10 -6 deg -1 . Consequently, upon cooling, the film, being bonded to the substrate, is subjected to in-plane tensile stress, which leads to tetragonal deformation of the crystal lattice. This conclusion was confirmed by comparing the crystal lattice parameters measured by X-ray diffraction at room temperature Tk and T = 77 K. Methods. The magnetoresistance was measured by an unbalanced double Thomson bridge with an accuracy of the order of 10 -6 Ohm. The magnetoresistance measurements were carried out in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the external magnetic field, as well as depending on the angle φ (between the [100] axis and the direction of the external field). In all measurements the current passed through the samples remained constant 5 x 10-4 A. When measuring the longitudinal and transverse magnetoresistance the external magnetic field varied from 0 to 21000 Oe. The effect measurements in our experiments were carried out with an accuracy of 2-4% on average. The measurement of the magnetoresistance as a function of the angle φ was carried out at [100] ǁ i ǁ r ^ H = φ. Findings. Oxidation of nickel films occurs through the transfer of electrons, nickel cations and oxygen anions through the film. Annealing controls the oxidation process and film morphology. According to the results of the analysis of this study we find that Ni films 50 nm thick are almost completely oxidized at an annealing temperature of 700 ° C. It is assumed that tensile density stresses transform the Ni/MgO film into a "strong" ferromagnet, characterized by a high magnitude of magnetoresistance (up to 0.25% at low temperatures). In this work the anisotropy of the transverse magnetoresistance of single-crystal nickel films was studied. The measurements were carried out on samples whose surface plane coincided with the [001] plane. We used samples with a thickness of d = 5.0 ± 0.5 μm with a ratio ƞ = 10 3 . Conclusions. The modification of the anisotropy of the magnetoresistance of a film on a substrate as compared to a free sample is apparently associated with a change in the shape of the Fermi surface of carriers. In this case, the volume occupied by carriers in momentum space does not change that is indicated by the existence of a general universal dependence for the magnetoresistance of films on a substrate and films separated from it. The magnetoresistance in both longitudinal and transverse magnetic fields for all investigated film thicknesses has a different course of curves: in the first casewith a positive value, in the second-with a negative value of the effect magnitude. The magnitude of the magnetoresistance at a saturation field of 5800 Oe depending on the angle φ between the [100] axis and the direction of the magnetic field H shifts towards a negative effect with decreasing film thickness and reaches zero at φ equal to 1450 and 1350 for films with a thickness of 600 Ȧ. On films with a thickness of 500 Å the magnitude of the magnetoresistance in the entire range of angle variation has a negative sign of the magnitude of the effect. With a decrease in temperature following the transition of the Ni/MgO film to the "strongly magnetic" state a structural phase transition occurs in it.


In order to increase the production of plasma jets in a pulse vacuum discharge, based on the insulated anode electrode structure (IAES), discharge experiments by using multiple electrodes under one power supply are performed in this paper. During experiments, discharge currents flowing through multiple cathode sides (cathode currents) were measured by identical Rogowski coils at the same time. The plasma density and propagation velocity of plasma jets were measured by the self-designed '+' type probes. Firstly, the differences in discharge characteristics and generation characteristics of plasma jets between the single-electrode and the double-electrode discharge were compared and analyzed. Secondly, the effects that the electrode spacing (D) and the capacitor capacity had on the discharge characteristics and generation characteristics of plasma jets of the multi-electrode were analyzed. Results show that because the discharge voltage of the IAES is dropped to the arc voltage after a long duration, the simultaneous discharge of multiple electrodes in a single pulse can be realized. Compared with the single-electrode discharge, using multiple electrodes to discharge simultaneously in a single pulse can decrease the initial discharge voltage, increase the peak of cathode current and increase the amount of plasma production. In addition, there is interaction between plasma jets of the multi-electrode, and the spatial electric field generated by the first ejected plasma jet will hinder the generation of plasma jets of subsequent electrodes. Only by keeping a certain electrode spacing (D) between the electrodes, can multiple electrodes be all discharged and plasma jets of the same length be produced. Increasing capacitor capacity can increase the plasma density, propagation velocity, length of plasma jets of the multi-electrode, and realize the simultaneous discharge of more electrodes in a single pulse.


Objective To explore the methods and therapeutic effect of implantation of malleolus radialis with vascularized periosteal flap for disunion of fracture of carpal navicular.Methods Twenty-two patients with disunion of fracture of carpal navicular were performed with implantation of malleolus radialis with vascularized periosteal flap,fixed with plaster cast for 8 to 10 weeks.Results All 22 cases of fracture were all synostosis.Follow-up of 2 months to 3 years.Sixteen cases were excellent,6 cases were fine and good rate was 100%.Carpal joints function achieved the standard of the uninjured side.Conclusion Effects of implantation of malleolus radialis with vascularized periosteal flap for disunion of fracture of carpal navicular is satisfying.


This paper describes the first step of our research collaboration to create a virtual human that simulates strain of the skin to aid the design of comfortable, ergonomic sportswear. We apply insights from sports science and computer graphics. For the former, human's kinematic properties, such as the angular rotation for each joint or the magnitude of strain on the subject's skin, play an important role in understanding and simulating human movements. Contrarily, during the creation of computer graphics characters, artists mainly focus on a plausible appearance instead of these properties. Therefore, creating such a virtual human model poses several significant interdisciplinary challenges. We demonstrate several collaborative efforts and initial research results, focusing on how to visualize human skin strain distribution of lower body of a 3D human model. The human surface model, skin strain shader, and its rig are also briefly described. Finally, we discuss our early results and future scope of our collaborative work.


A theory is developed for the deliquescence of small particles that incorporates the effects of surface phenomena on the deliquescence process. The theory is based on rudimentary surface thermodynamics since we are primarily interested in the orders of magnitude of the various effects. Applying the theory to a generic crystal with properties similar to NaCl, in water vapor, we find that the surface tension has a significant effect for crystals with a radius smaller than 10−5 cm. We suggest an experiment for the determination of the surface tension of soluble crystals that utilizes the deliquescence of these small particles. Such an experiment will need to be accompanied by a further development of the rigorous thermodynamic theory of solid surfaces.


Objective To identify risk factors for preoperative respiratory complications associated with tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration (TFBA) by retrospectively analysing paediatric cases presenting with or without complications. Methods Paediatric patients who presented with TFBA and were admitted to hospital were enrolled in the study. Patients were divided into two groups based on occurrence of preoperative respiratory complications as confirmed by computed tomography. Age, sex, TFBA symptoms, type of foreign body, retention timeand location of the foreign body were documented and compared between the groups. Results In total, 223 children were included: group A (n = 161) included those with respiratory complications; group B (n = 62) included those without respiratory complications. Univariate and multivariate analyses found that type of foreign body, and symptoms differed significantly between the two groups. Conclusion Respiratory complications of TFBA in children were correlated with the type of foreign body and symptoms.


The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of educational program on vulvitis prevention among nursing students Research design: A quasi-experimental design was utilized. Setting: This study was conducted at Faculty of Nursing, Benha University. Sample: convenient sample included two hundred and fifty nursing students female all enrolled in first academic years. Tools of data collection1) a structured interviewing sheet to collect data about socio-demographic characteristics, menstrual and gynecological history and knowledge of nursing students regarding vulvitis 2) reported practices assessment 3) modified likert scale for students' attitude regarding vulvitis. Results: there were general improvements regarding students' knowledge, attitude and practice regarding prevention of vulvitis with highly significant (P ≤ 0.001) difference after educational Program. The mother was the main sources of knowledge to students (60%). There was insignificant relation between students' total knowledge, total attitude and total practice scores with their age. Conclusion: The implementation of educational Program significantly improved students' knowledge, practices and attitude towards prevention of vulvitis. There were positive high statistically significant correlations between students' total knowledge, total practices and total attitude scores after educational Program. Recommendation: Provide students booklets and pamphlet about healthy habits and measures to prevent infection in reproductive system. Replication of the study on a larger sample and in different geographical areas in Egypt is recommended for generalization of findings.


This paper reports the standardization of the time schedules used for processing and paraffin embedding of vertebrate brains having different sizes. Some modifications of the Nissl and Klüver-Barrera staining methods are proposed. These modifications include: 1a Nissl stain solution with a rapid and efficient action and easier differentiation, 2the use of a cheap microwave oven for the Klüver-Barrera stain. These procedures have the non negligible advantage of permitting the performance of Nissl and Klüver-Barrera staining methods in about five and fifteen minutes respectively. The proposed procedures have been tested in nervous tissues obtained from fishes, amphibians, reptiles and mammals of different body sizes. They are the result of long experience in preparing slides for comparative studies. Serial sections of excellent quality were regularly produced in all the specimens studied. These standardized methods are simple, rapid and may be recommended for routine use in laboratories. INTRODUCTION Practical problems often appear when the classical histological procedures for studying the nervous system are used. Such difficulties mainly arise when large brains must be serially sectioned. Perfect serial sections are mandatory in the case of nervous structures due to their complex organization that varies grossly from region to region. The more common difficulties are: (1) Faulty fixation. (2) Brittle sections or their irregular thickness due to varying hardness of the inclusion. (3) Detachment of the sections from the slides during the staining procedure. (4) Stain fading as time goes by. (5) Regarding the Nissl technique, the non negligible number of different protocols among which the user must choose is somewhat misleading. Additionally, the long time during which the stain must act is often a cumbersome delay. The same happens when complex and expensive mixtures for differentiation are used. The importance of standardization of methods may seem obvious but must not be neglected. In fact, Schulte (1991) felt the need of dedicating some relevant and wise reflections about this problem. On one hand, standardization of dyes and staining procedures may help to reduce inconsistent stain quality. This may help to avoid one of the most disturbing practical problems for the user, namely poor staining due to poor stains. On the other hand, recent developments in computer technology have made it possible to apply computer high resolution image analysis to cytological and histological material. These techniques require highly reproducible staining patterns. Obviously, to overcome the above mentioned difficulties, correct fixation, homogeneous dehydration, uniform thick of sections and strong attachment to the slides together with long lasting homogeneous staining are required. The report of our suggestions to attain those goals is mainly what we attempt to do in this paper. We describe modifications of the routine staining techniques in paraffin sections of Nissl (Burk, 1969) and Klüver-Barrera (1953) stains. We also report the use of a cheap domestic microwave oven for a rapid Klüver-Barrera's stain in formalin-fixed paraffin sections. The standardization of methods described in this paper has been proved to be reliable in processing nervous tissues ranging from those of fishes to those of mammals. We did not perform tests on human nervous tissue. We thought that the report of the protocols that are currently being used in our laboratory with good results would be of general interest. SEQUENCE OF PROCEDURES The following steps are suggested: 1Anesthesia The most convenient must be chosen for each animal species. 2Heparin administration (anticoagulant) together with sodium nitroprusside (vasodilatation). 3Rinsing of the vascular system by perfusion of the whole animal with saline solution (0.9% NaCl for endothermic animals, 0.65% NaCl for ectothermic animals) until no more blood comes out with the perfusion fluid. 4Optimal fixation is attained by vascular perfusion of the whole animal with Bouin's fluid or buffered formalin solution (200-250 ml/100g body wt). The brain and the spinal cord must be left in situ in order to become hardened. After overnight fixation the nervous system must be extracted. The whole animal may be left in Bouin's fluid for several days or even weeks without harm. This contrasts with the current opinion stating that a long permanence in Bouin ́s fluid is harmful or hardens excessively the tissues. Additionally, the latter procedure is very useful as a decalcifying method that makes the opening of the skull or vertebrae much easier. 5Embedding and procedures for performing sections The following modification of the processing schedule described in the 1972 edition of Cajal and Castro (Cajal y Castro, 1972a) yielded, in our hands, the best results for processing small, medium and large pieces. The steps are: (1) Rinsing in running tap water overnight. (2) Dehydration by gradual transference of the tissue from 70 per cent ethanol to absolute ethanol (table 1). (3) Immersion of the nervous tissue in absolute ethanol-chloroform mixture (50:50 v/v). This solution must be prepared as follows: addition of 100% ethanol in a flask. Slow addition of the same volume of chloroform into the bottom of the flask with a pipette creates a chloroform layer. The piece must remain in the upper ethanolic layer. When the tissue comes down into the chloroform layer, the piece must be transferred to pure chloroform. This mixture must be used only once being then discarded. Only the minimal amount of both solvents required for completely covering the pieces must be added. The tissues may be left in chloroform for 12 hr taking care not to induce undue hardness. Unfortunately, chloroform does not affect the tissue refractive index. This makes it difficult to determine when the tissue is completely cleared. However, if the tissue is left in chloroform overnight that drawback is counteracted. (4) The tissue must be taken to a concentrated chloroform-paraffin solution (Table 1). Then, it must be transferred from the clearing agent to the first bath of molten wax (56-58oC) (Table 1), and then to a second bath of molten wax (Table 1). TABLE 1: Time (in hours) of the embedding schedule


Morphological and habitat variation was studied in four populations of the kangaroo rat ( Dipodomys ordii ) in western Texas. Twenty-six external, cranial, and ratio characters were analyzed in 536 specimens. The number of characters exhibiting secondary sexual dimorphism varied from 14 at Tahoka to five at Canadian and Kermit. In the two northern populations (Canadian and Needmore) females were larger than males, whereas males were larger than females in the southern populations (Tahoka and Kermit). Many of the characters studied had low coefficients of variation (CV) for mammals. Least supra-occipital width, however, showed an abnormally high CV, not only in D. ordii but also in three other species of this genus ( D. merriami, D. spectabilis , and D. deserti ). Despite large sample sizes and precautions against sampling bias, many variates did not fit a normal distribution but were skewed. Large correlation coefficients between certain variates suggest many of the characters studied represent a single adaptive complex and should not be considered independently. Factors that may have influenced the existing evolutionary diversity are discussed.


Trastuzumab (Herceptin) is a monoclonal antibody targeting the extracellular domain of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) (1) utilized for the treatment of adjuvant and metastatic breast cancer (2) in the United States and worldwide. We mined published microarray data (3, 4) to discover in an unbiased manner the most significant transcriptional changes associated with trastuzumab treatment. We identified PTPN9 among the genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with breast cancer treated with trastuzumab. The primary tumors of breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab expressed higher levels of PTPN9 messenger RNA than did patients not treated with trastuzumab, and a single administration of trastuzumab was sufficient to result in differential expression of PTPN9 in primary tumors of the breast, demonstrating decreased expression of a negative regulator of the molecular target of trastuzumab (5) as an apparent transcriptional consequence of trastuzumab administration in patients with breast cancer.


Research supported by the Medical Research Council (MRC) is in part initiated in response to proposals from research workers and in part identified by the Council undertaking regular reviews of its portfolio, to identify areas of particular promise, and to ensure that they are adequately supported. One such review, carried out by a group chaired by Professor J. K. Wing, on research in schizophrenia has been published (Schizophrenia and Allied Conditions Committee, 1987), and in the intervening years has been influential in shaping the Council's policy in the field. The report highlighted the molecular genetics of schizophrenia as an example of the ever-increasing number of areas in which an interdisciplinary approach is essential and in which advances in one field can be exploited in another.


The spatiotemporal heterogeneity of rice canopy leaves at different leaf positions is very important for non-destructive monitoring under Cadmium (Cd) stress, and is one of the key problems that need to be solved urgently in modern agriculture. This study aims to explore the temporal and spatial heterogeneity of chlorophyll content and fluorescence in rice canopy leaves under different Cd stress concentrations. The responses of the relative chlorophyll content (SPAD) and Chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF) parameters to Cd stress in the tillering, heading, and filling stages were analyzed through pot experiments with three Cd concentrations: 0.20 mg·kg−1 (CK), 0.60 mg·kg−1 (Cd1), and 1.60 mg·kg−1 (Cd2). Results showed that the canopy leaf SPAD value increased with increasing Cd concentration. Compared with CK, the leaf SPAD value in the Cd1 and Cd2 treatments were 1.91–3.45% and 5.52–12.01% lower, respectively. The SPAD value of the lower leaves was higher in the tillering stage, while the SPAD value of the upper leaves was higher in the heading and filling stages. The non-photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ) of the third leaf (D3), the initial fluorescence yield (Fo) of the second leaf (D2), and the maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) of photosystem II (PSII) in the tillering stage; the NPQ, Fo, and Fv/Fm of the D3 in the heading stage; and the NPQ, Fo, Fv/Fm, and Fv/Fm of the D2 in the filling stage were more sensitive to Cd stress than the other leaves and ChlF parameters.


Enterprise Resource Planning system is the most pop information sysytem in 90 decade of 20 century, this paper have given a general introducing about the design and the realization of ERP system on the aspect of theoretics and practice, and have provided a referrence of succeed in ERP actualizing.


Using the higher-order WKB method developed by Iyer and Will, we have computed the low-lying normal modes of Kerr black holes for both scalar and gravitational perturbations. For the gravitational modes, we compare our results to previously published numerical results. For some of these modes, we find agreement to within 1% for both the real and imaginary parts of the normal-mode frequency over a wide range of values for the rotation parameter {ital a} of the black hole. For other modes, good agreement is limited to lower values of {ital a}. The difficulties of the method for higher values of the rotation parameter are discussed.


This report is an evaluation of downstream improvements in dissolved oxygen (DO) which can be anticipated as a result of different levels of aeration at Cherokee and Douglas Dams. The report describes (a) field studies undertaken to describe late summer conditions for model calibration and verification; (b) development and calibration of unsteady flow and water quality models for the tailwater reaches from Cherokee and Douglas Dams to the Holston and French Broad River confluence at the head of Fort Loudoun Reservoir; and (c) model predictions of DO in the tailwater reaches and at their confluence (after mixing) with and without aeration. 7 refs., 47 figs., 4 tabs.


Terms and Techniques. The Shoulder and Upper Arm. The Elbow and Forearm. The Hand and Wrist. The Pelvis, Hip, and Thigh. The Knee. The Lower Leg, Foot, and Ankle. The Cervical and Thoracic Spine. The Lumbar Spine.


Tills paperreports on the use of a computer program to facilitate the definition of a neighborhood park service area using cognitive maps. Cognitive map information provided by residents, while valuable as a planning tool in understanding park use and nonuse, is often difficult to quantify and interpret. Tills illustrates how a microcomputer can assist recreation planners in "fine tuning" the service area of a neighborhood park.


Increasing the operational frequency is the most common solution to achieve higher
power densities, since the weight and volume of the magnetic part, the bulkiest
element in power electronics converters, are then decreased. This solution is well
established in low power high frequency applications, while in the recent decade,
the possibility of utilizing high frequency at higher power and voltage levels has
generated wide interest as well.
This work proposes a design and optimization methodology of a high power high
frequency transformer accounting for the tuned leakage inductance of the transformer,
as well as high isolation requirements, particularly in DC offshore application
where a converter module should withstand the MVDC or HVDC link voltage. To
achieve this goal, several models were proposed and developed in order to accurately
characterize such a transformer. One of these models is a so called pseudo-empirical
expression derived from a rigourous regression algorithm based on an extensive 2D
finite element simulation scenario, resulting in an accurate analytical expression
with an average unsigned deviation of 0.51% and the extreme deviations not higher
than 9%. Moreover, using the energy method, an analytical expression to precisely
calculate the leakage inductance of high power density magnetic components is proposed.
In addition, using the proposed modification of the Steinmetz equation for
core loss calculations, general expressions are derived and presented for a rectangular
waveform with its associated duty cycle and rise time.
Applying the proposed design methodology, in which all the aforementioned
models are implemented on a 1 MW case study transformer, indicates that such
a transformer can achieve a power density of about 22 kW/L and the efficiencies
as high as 99.74%. Moreover, with respect to the isolation requirements, desired
leakage inductance and the magnetic material used, a critical operating frequency
can be found above which the transformer does not benefit from volume reduction
anymore.


The financial intermediation system has been characterized by the emergence of new subjects and instruments modifying its organization. The development of the shadow banking system parallel to the traditional one has led to the demand, during the recent period of financial crisis, for a more efficient control to weather the growing systemic risk. This changing context leads the Author to consider some essential profiles of the monetary nature of the capitalist economy. Specifically, a need is perceived to reinterpret recent events in the light of the credit nature of money and the endogenous character of its supply, aspects on which scholars of the Keynesian school have long focused their attention. The Author considers particularly useful the indications deriving from the monetary production theory, especially with reference to the distinction among the various forms of financing, to understand such changes and adopt suitable strategies to handle them.


Supervisory Committee Dr. Erin Campbell, Department of Art History and Visual Studies Supervisor Dr. Catherine Harding, Department of Art History and Visual Studies Departmental Member Dr. Iain Higgins, Department of English Outside Member This dissertation critiques and updates the theoretical frameworks for understanding encyclopedic and diagrammatic images as presented in the scholarship of Lucy Freeman Sandler, Barbara Maria Stafford, John Bender, and Michael Marrinan. It offers a new model for examining the cognitive role of images by studying an important medieval encyclopedia, On the Properties of Things, originally written in Latin by Bartholomaeus Anglicus in the thirteenth century. Bartholomaeus' text was the most popular encyclopedia of the later middle ages and four vernacular translations were produced and circulated between the fourteenth and sixteenth centuries. Significantly, the French translation of the compendium, coming out of the vernacularization movement of King Charles V but radiating out to other production centres, involved the design of an elaborate and novel illustrative program. The present project examines two exceptional fifteenth-century French copies of this encyclopedia (BnF fr. 9141 and BnF fr. 135/6), and interprets them in light of the shifting intellectual culture and evolving reading practices of late-medieval lay audiences. The information-rich and highly aestheticized miniatures found in such encyclopedic manuscripts have traditionally been defined, by Sandler and others, as having an explanatory function and the capacity to elevate the content of the text through iv displays of material luxury. My model expands the significance of such images by highlighting their capacity to promote thought. I argue that images in didactic compendia can (i) encourage the reader to actively engage with the text through representations of aristocratic readers performing their understanding of the book socially, and (ii) facilitate visual thinking by aesthetically reflecting the structure of the encyclopedic text through the diagrammatic strategies of the collection, compression, and division of fragmented information. Though the images in my two manuscript case studies take distinct approaches to reader engagement and the mediation of knowledge, in both cases the power of these visualizations rests in the cognitive acts and range of mental associations they provoke. This dissertation demonstrates that epistemically-dense images, in addition to merely reflecting a text, could shape knowledge as it was being formed in the minds of active viewers, readers, writers, and artists, in an intellectually rich period in latemedieval France.


The Doppler broadening of audio spectral lines is demonstrated using a simple experimental setup. The sound from a vibrating loudspeaker is received by a microphone that is connected to a computer sound card. A data-acquisition program is used to acquire the sound data. Fourier analysis is done to obtain the spectral power density of the sound received by the microphone. The results demonstrate spectral broadening similar to that which takes place in atomic and molecular spectroscopy. The experiment demonstrates both the Doppler effect and spectral broadening in the undergraduate physics lab.


Abstract We consider a laminar flow of a viscous liquid through a bent-pipe whose cross-section has elliptical form. Assuming that the radius R of bend is large in comparison with the radii (a, b) of cross-section, the author has obtained the amount of secondary vortex flow which will take place in the cross-section of the pipe.


course, where there is little written, for example on the service caste groups, there is little to report. But the sections on history, aid and development and ecology, I found particularly helpful. The real test is how much one discovers that is new and relevant. I found fifty new references to articles and books which I now want to read. This is a large number and it seems likely that any individual researcher will find many new items. This is a nicely produced, readable, balanced and extremely useful bibliography which can be thoroughly recommended for every library, organization or individual concerned with Nepal or the Himalayas. John Whelpton and his collaborators Lucette Boulnois, David Gellner, Michael Hutt, Abhi Subedi and Carol Tingey are to be congratulated on a splendid piece of useful work.


Objective: To observe the impact of different anesthesia for hepatic carcinoma and liver cirrhosis resection.Methods: 64 patients of liver cirrhosis,liver cancer patients who underwent surgery were randomly divided into the inhalation compound anesthesia group(32 cases) and intravenous anesthesia alone group(32 cases),the two groups of patients were treated with isoflurane inhalation anesthesia and target-controlled infusion propofol intravenous anesthesia.72 h streaming applications cells detected patients were before anesthesia,surgery and post-operative peripheral blood of CD3+,CD4+,CD4+/CD8+ and NK cell numbers.Results: General data of the two groups of patients before anesthesia,Child classification and peripheral blood CD3+,CD4+,CD4+/CD8+,NK cell number was no significant difference(P0.05).Surgery patients CD3+,CD4+,CD4+/CD8+NK cell numbers than before anesthesia were lower(P0.05);groups showed no significant difference(P0.05).72 h after two groups of patients CD3+,CD4+,CD4+/CD8+,NK cell numbers were back to preoperative levels(P0.05).Conclusion: Inhalation combined anesthesia and the simple intravenous anesthesia can affect the function of cellular immunity in patients with liver cancer and cirrhosis of the liver,are a transient immune function in patients after 72 h recoverable.


Cl channel in the basolateral membrane plays a key role for Cl absorption in the TAL. The aim of the present study is to test whether AngII increases Cl absorption in the TAL by stimulated the basolateral 10 pS Cl channel in the TAL. The patch clamp experiments were performed in the TAL to record Cl channels in cell‐attached mode. AngII (10–100 nM) stimulated the 10 pS Cl channel, an effect was blocked by losartan (AT1R antagonist) but not by PD123319 (AT2R antagonist). Inhibition of phopsholipase C (PLC) or PKC also abolished the stimulatory effect of AngII on Cl channels. Moreover, stimulation of PKC with phorbol 12‐ myristate 13‐acetate (PMA) mimicked the effect of AngII and increased Cl channel activity. However, the stimulatory effect of AngII on Cl channels was absent in the TAL pretreated with DPI, an inhibitor of NADPH‐dependent oxidase (NOX) while DPI had no significant effect on Cl channels. Moreover, treatment of the TAL with DPI also blocked the effect of PMA on the Cl channels. Western blot demonstrated that incubation of isolated TAL with AngII increased phosphorylation of P47phox at Ser304, suggesting that AngII stimulates the basolateral Cl channels by increasing NOX‐dependent superoxide generation. This notion was also supported by the observation that H2O2 significantly increased 10 pS Cl channel activity in the TAL. We conclude that stimulation of AT1R increased the basolateral Cl channels by activating PKC‐dependent NOX pathway. The stimulatory effect of AngII on the basolateral Cl channel may contribute to AngII‐induced increase in NaCl reabsorption in the TAL.


The time of an X-ray Computed Tomography (XCT) measurement is directly affected by the number of acquired X-ray projections. In general, a large number of X-ray projections, hence a large acquisition time is required to obtain a qualitative reconstruction and successive feature analysis. To expand the applicability of XCT towards low-end parts we propose a novel sinogram interpolation method that incorporates the object rotation. The method combines a forward projection model of the XCT system and a deep learning regression model to generate intermediate X-ray projections for XCT scans with a reduced number of projections. Thereby, the accompanying reconstruction artefacts can be reduced while preserving a lower acquisition time. The method is validated on simulated projections of the 3D Shepp-Logan phantom and simulated projections of real 3D printed components using the ASTRA-toolbox. Within the reconstructions, less streaking artefacts are observed and an increased contrast between different features is obtained without introducing rotational artefacts.


Reports on an ongoing project aimed at defining a development environment for factory communication systems which combines the OOA&D (object-oriented analysis and design) and OMT (Object Modeling Technique) reference methodologies with the use of formal methods for concurrent and distributed systems, and uses the Java language in various development phases, from specification to implementation. The proposed approach is exemplified by showing the modeling of a typical manufacturing control system: a quality control cell composed of a measurement unit and three handling robots.


: Background: Leukaemia is the greatest mutual basis of pediatrics malignancy. It constituted 31% of entire cases and dispersed annually at a rate of 43cases /millions of children who are being below 15 years. Objective: To determine the incidence rate of childhood acute leukaemia in Gezira state, Sudan. Subjects and Methods: A retrospective population-based study was conducted during (2005-2014) in central Sudan (Gezira state). All participants were aging (0-15 years) and diagnosed with acute leukaemia. Data was gotten from the database of the statistical subdivision element at the national cancer institute, University of the Gezira, Sudan. The statistical analyses were performed by using SPSS packages besides applying some descriptive statistical measures. Results: The study, bared that 137 children were diagnosed with acute leukaemias in Gezira state with an incidence rate of 9.4/million during the study period. The males were instituted 76(55.5%) and females 61(44.5%) with a ratio of around 1.25 for all diverse leukaemias types. A percent of 58(42%) was registered for Myeloblastic leukemia (AML) with an incidence rate of 3.94/million and 79(58%) for Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with a rate of 5.70/million correspondingly. Almost 56(74%) of the males harbor ALL and 20 (26%) AML types. While females initiate 23(38%) ALL and recruit 38(62%) AML. The incidence rate of ALL was found to be 6.66/ million in males and 4.76/million in females. Whereas, the incidence rate of AML was 2.4/million for males and 5.48/million in females respectively. Conclusion and Recommendations: The existing study exposed that, acute childhood leukaemias is the most prevalent type of childhood cancer in Gezira state. Whereas, the ALL type is the most recurrent type of childhood leukemia in Gezira state. The study originating that males are found to be the most affected patients by acute leukemia than females. The communal age of presentation is differed rendering to the types of leukemia and the gender as well. Further studies should be recommended to map the ALL, AML and CML target pouches to better understanding the causes of the extraordinary invasion rate of the cancer type among children in the state and the neighboring districts. Additional studies should be focused on the germline predisposition for restoring fast recognition as an essential peril factor causal to the growth of childhood ALL. Furthermore, the contest has currently lain in what way ultimate to capitalize on germline of genetic evidences for developing ALL treatment approaches, diagnosis, and possibly flush restriction as well. Finally, effective collaborations between environmental geochemists and cancer epidemiologists are critically needed. conglomerated with acute childhood leukaemias with the commonest age at presentation of more than 5 years. These outcomes share the same conformity with a study completed in the USA. Comparative studies in the states have abstracted that the common age in males is less than 5 years. [2] Whereas, in divergence, this study disclosed that the common age in males ranges from (5-9 years) and above 10 years for females. [2] This study has ended that ALL accounts for 58% of the overall acute childhood leukemia in Gezira state with an incidence rate of 5.7/million. These results are inconsistent with the preceding study in Egypt that scored higher percentages of ALL accounts than those registered in Gezira. [22, 23] However, these consequences are being more than those estimated around 25% and documented in KSA of the inclusive childhood cancer .[24] ALL affecting males more than the females with an incidence rate of 6.66/million compared to 4.76/million in females. These findings are quite similar to the results obtained in the USA studies. The consequences of the studies revealed that boys are more affected by ALL than females. [25, 26] The commonest age of presentation of ALL in males was (5-9 years) with an age-specific rate of 7.68/million and for females was 10-14years with an age-specific rate of 5.7/million. The predecessor outcome is found to be less than those recorded in South Africa and is more common in children aged 2-3 years with an incidence rate of 90/million per year. [27] AML accounts for 42% of acute childhood leukemia in Gezira state with an incidence of 3.94/million which is less than the international incidence of 7.6/million. [2] AML was more common in females than in males with an incidence of 5.48/million compared to 2.4/million in males which is not similar when compared with the USA reading report. This finding shows no difference logged in the incidence rate of AML between males and females. [2, 26] The


Mobile communications are running to a new stage-the third generation of mobile communication (3G). The thesis firstly focuses on the introduction of the TD-SCDMA(Time Division-Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access) which is the most representational of three standards ITU proposed, analyses characteristics of system and points out the merit compared with the other two kinds of techniques. Secondly, the thesis introduces some kinds of key techniques of TD-SCDMA briefly. Lastly, the characteristics of TD-SCDMA are summarized and its prospect of development is forecasted.


Our 2018 STCBP RESPECT Lightning Talk is announcing a new diversity initiative – EquitableTech – for open source skills training of Black and Latino computer science students. With seed funding from a Kapor Center GRIT grant, we are planning one-day introductory workshops about open source software (OSS) modeled after the OpenHatch college campus program. However, our workshops will target minority serving institutions to encourage OSS diversity. Furthermore, we will conduct a survey of minority computer science students to assess knowledge of and interest in OSS. As an introduction, this paper briefly reviews the news reports and the scant empirical literature about OSS diversity


The article considers the features of information support forestry land use, also considered the place of forest inventory and land management in the forest fund management system, as well as the main stages of the design of the forest area, it was concluded that the management tasks can be solved only on the basis of the system of information complex, including land management, forestry, cadaster and forest inventory, real estate cadaster, land monitoring and forests.


For the Hopfield neural network in solving the traveling salesman problem(TSP)offen getting unvalid and not optimal solution,the simulating anneal algorithm with the Hopfield neural network is combines,and bring forward a sort of the mixed optimization algorithm(SA-HNN).At the same time,the energy function of the Hopfield neural network is modified reasonably.The network parameter is also established rationally.This algorithm can avoid the local optimal solution effectively.A number of simulations show that the algorithm has many advantages such as faster convergence rate,avoiding most local energy minima,easily obtaining effectual and global optimal solution.


In this article, a voltage equaliser is proposed for a battery string with four Li–Fe batteries. The proposed voltage equaliser is developed from a flyback converter, which comprises a transformer, a power electronic switch and a resonant clamped circuit. The transformer contains a primary winding and four secondary windings with the same number of turns connected to each battery. The resonant clamped circuit is for recycling the energy of leakage inductance of the transformer and for performing zero-voltage switching (ZVS) of the power electronic switch. When the power electronic switch is switched on, the energy is stored in the transformer; and when the power electronic switch is switched off, the energy stored in the transformer will automatically charge the battery whose voltage is the lowest. In this way, the voltage of individual batteries in the battery string is balanced. The salient features of the proposed voltage equaliser are that only one switch is used, the energy stored in the leakage inductance of the transformer can be recycled and ZVS is obtained. A prototype is developed and tested to verify the performance of the proposed voltage equaliser. The experimental results show that the proposed voltage equaliser achieves the expected performance.


Lobao. Manifesto do nada na terra do nunca. Rio de Janeiro: Nova Fronteira, 2013. 247 pp. ISBN: 978-8520932612. In April 2013, Brazilian rock musician and professional contrarian Lobao (b. 1957 in Rio de Janeiro as Joao Luiz Woerdenbag Filho) ventured into the lofty terrain of the Brazilian essay of national interpretation with his second book, Manifesto do nada na terra do nunca. Lobao's meandering, occasionally offensive, but consistently interesting Manifesto falls far short of this genre's Raizes do Brasil gold standard for erudition, precision and elegance. Nonetheless, Lobao's fans will enjoy his book's roquenrou war stories, which include a hilarious account of a "gonzo" journalistic assignment to cover a sertanejo universitario concert. And despite his notoriety, this agent provocateur's thoughts on contemporary culture should be of interest to Brazil scholars more broadly. As a musician, Lobao is best known for rock songs like "Decadence avec elegance," which proclaims in true "live fast, die young" fashion that, "e melhor viver dez anos a mil, do que mil anos a dez." An inveterate talker, Lobao has developed a parallel career as a bete noire of the Brazilian media. A pontificator and polemicist, Lobao's willingness to speak--loudly and often profanely--about whatever or whoever annoys him has transformed him into something like Bono's unhinged, evil Brazilian cousin, with bits of David Lee Roth's wink-and-nudge self-importance and Johnny Rotten's naked hostility thrown in. Recently, Lobao's critiques have gravitated toward a set of broadly leftist targets, including Brazil's governing Worker's Party (PT), which he charges with corruption, censorship, and nefarious plans to implant a communist dictatorship, a "Cubao," in Brazil, and Musica Popular Brasileira, or MPB, for its apparent complicity in upholding the status quo and for its stultifying "songbook" approach to culture. The emergence of Lobao, a rock and roll rebel and former jailbird, as a conservative (or by U.S. standards, libertarian) has proved divisive. His ideological "coming out" has won him fans on the Brazilian right and among the PT's critics (Veja columnist Augusto Nunes lavished praise on the book in a recent video interview with Lobao), while confirming his detractors' suspicions that beyond being a loudmouth, Lobao is a reactionary and conspiracy theorist. Lobao's preemptive strike, included in his Manifesto, is predictably confrontational. Punning the leftist slogan o povo unido jamais sera vencido, Lobao writes: Tenho plena consciencia de que tomar uma posicao antiesquerda sendo um musico, em pleno Brasil, e uma atitude no minimo imprudente, quando nao suicida, devido a intensidade e truculencia da patrulha. …


21. KREBS, H. A. WVeitere LTntersuchungen uiber den Abbau der Aminosauren im Tierkorper. Zeits. Physiol. Chem. 218: 157-159. 1933. 22. KREBS, H. A. The tricarboxylic acid cycle. In: Chemical Pathways of Metabolism, D. M. Greenberg, ed. Vol. I, pp. 109-171. Academic Press, Inc., New York 1954. 23. LATIES, G. G. The dual role of adenylate in the mitochondrial oxidations of a higher plant. Physiol. Plantarum 6: 199-214. 1953. 24. LINNANE, A. W. and STILL, J. L. The isolation of respiring mitochondria from Baker's yeast. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 59: 383-392. 1955. 25. LYNCH, V. H. and CALVIN, M. Carbon dioxide fixation by microorganisms. Jour. Bacteriol. 63: 525531. 1952. 26. MACHLIS, L. Growth and nutrition of water molds in the subgenus Euallomyces. I. Growth factor requirements. Amer. Jour. Bot. 40: 189-195. 1953. 27. MACHLIS, L. Growth and nutrition of water molds in the subgenus Euallomyces. II. Optimal composition of the minimal medium. Amer. Jour. Bot. 40: 450-460. 1953. 28. MACHLIS, L. Growth and nutrition of water molds in the subgenus Euallomyces. III. Carbon sources. Amer. Jour. Bot. 40: 460-464. 1953. 29. MACHLIS, L. Effect of certain organic acids on the utilization of mannose and fructose by the filamentous watermold, Allomyces macrogynus. Jour. Bacteriol. 73: 627-631. 1957. 30. MICKELSON, M. N. The metabolism of glucose by Ashbya gossypii. Jour. Bacteriol. 59: 659-666. 1950. 31. MORRISON, J. F. and PETERS, R. A. The inhibition of aconitase by fluorocitrate. Biochem. Jour. 56: 36-37. 1954. 32. NOSSAL, P. M., KEECH, B. and UTTER, M. F. Oxidative phosphorylation of isolated yeast granules. Federation Proc. 15: 321. 1956. 33. PETERS, R. A., SINCLAIR, H. M. and THOMPSON, R. H. S. An analysis of the inhibition of pyruvate oxidation by arsenicals in relation to the enzyme theory of vesication. Biochem. Jouir. 40: 516-524. 1946. 34. QUASTEL, J. H. and WXOOLRIDGE, W. R. Some properties of the dehydrogenating enzymes of bacteria. Biochem. Jour. 22: 689-702. 1928. 35. QUASTEL, J. H. and WHEATLEY, A. H. M. Biological oxidations in the succinic acid series. Biochem. Jour. 25: 117-128. 1931. 36. SHEPHERD, C. J. The enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in Neurospora. I. Succinic dehydrogenase. Biochem. Jour. 48: 483-486. 1951. 37. SISTROM, DOROTHY E. and MACHLIS, L. The effect of D-glucose on the utilization of D-mannose and D-fructose by a filamentous fungus. Jour. Bact. 70: 50-55. 1955. 38. UMBREIT, W. W., BURRIS, R. H. and STAUFFER, J. F. Manometric Techniques and Tissue Metabolism, rev. ed. Pp. 1-227. Burgess Publishing Co., Minneapolis 15, Minnesota 1949. 39. WARBURG, 0. and CHRISTIAN, W. Isolierung und Kristallisation de Garungsferments Enolase. Biochim. Zeits. 310: 384-421. 1942. 40. WIAME, J. M. and DOUDOROFF, M. Oxidative assimilation by Pseudomonas saccharophila with C'4labeled substrates. Jour. Bact. 62: 187-193. 1951. 41. WOLF, F. T. and SIIOUP, C. S. The effect of certain sugars and amino acids upon the respiration of Allomyces. Mycologia 35: 192-200. 1943.


A packer test conducted in porous or fractured medium includes a stage prior to the actual test in which packers are inflated. If the packers are inflated quickly, the pressure within the injection interval rises in a near‐instantaneous fashion and decays with time as it comes into equilibrium with the surrounding formation. These pressure recovery data are commonly not collected and never analyzed. However, the pressure transient resulting from packer inflation is akin to a pressurized slug test conducted within a packed off interval. Here we interpret 18 records of such pressure recovery data obtained prior to a cross‐hole pneumatic injection test conducted in unsaturated fractured tuff at the Apache Leap Research Site (ALRS) in central Arizona. We analyze these records by modifying the M. J. Hvorslev's method to account for airflow. Results from the analysis are compared against permeability (k) estimates obtained from a pneumatic slug test as well as several single‐ and cross‐hole pneumatic injection tests at the ALRS. This comparison shows that the k determined from the pressure recovery compares well with the result from the pneumatic slug test, but the estimates are noticeably smaller than the values determined from single‐ and cross‐hole tests, suggesting a k scale effect. In addition, the basic time lag (tB) obtained from the analysis of the pressure recovery data using M. J. Hvorslev's method is smaller than what was previously determined from the type curve interpretation of a cross‐hole pneumatic injection test. These results collectively suggest that the pressure transients from single‐ and cross‐hole tests conducted over a longer period at higher flow rates sample a much larger volume of the rock compared to the pressure recovery data from packer inflation at the ALRS.


This unit was founded in April 2003 as one of the units of Gendarmerie. It was formed from the ex members of disestablished Special Operations Unit (JSO), who form the base of this unit and also from the ex members of Special Antiterrorist Unit (SAJ) branch from Prishtina and specialized commands of Gendarmerie. On April 11th 2007, according to the needs of the service and because of the specific tasks, Counterterrorist unit was excluded from Gendarmerie and became independent unit of the General police directorate. Today, this unit has recruited younger troops and it is one of the most elite units in the Ministry of the Interior of the Republic of Serbia. Although the unit has been in existence for a short period of time, it has performed a number of actions including: arresting dangerous criminals, resolving hostage situations, neutralizing terrorist groups of Wahabites, extraditions, VIP protection operations, securing objects of exceptional significance, reestablishing peace after major violations of public order and so on. .


Lu Cai is very satisfied with his The Southern Romance of the Western Bower,believing that it will beat Li Rihua's version in performance.In practice,however,Lu's works was not accepted or applauded by people at that time.Peoples' dislike of his plays lies in the following reasons.First,the words of the play are too different from the original Romance of the Western Bower by Wang Shifu.Moreover,there are some shortcomings in the play's plotting,characterization and aesthetic style.As a result, Lu's play failed to be performed on the stage.


The wireless power supply is motivated by sim- ple and comfortable use of many small electric appliances with low power input. This paper reviews the concepts that are suitable for wireless power transmission with respect to power supply of such appliances in small areas. The categorization of the concepts is made. The efficiency of the concepts is discussed on general base. The reference levels for exposure to electric and magnetic fields are mentioned, and maximal power delivered to an appliance by fulfillment of these levels is considered.


The invention discloses Y pile and rectangular pile rectangular locking equipment. The Y pile and rectangular pile rectangular locking equipment comprises a Y pile forming machine and a rectangular pile forming machine; piles for mutual rectangular locking of multiple concrete rectangular piles and multiple concrete Y piles and distributed in a honeycomb form are manufactured; and when concrete of the rectangular piles and the Y piles reaches a certain strength, the vacuum water sucking compaction is respectively performed for soil in each hexagonal space surrounded by the Y piles and the rectangular piles to form a dense composite foundation.


CINDY WIDYA RISTIKA. Arenga pinnata MERR for Bioethanol Production by Dry Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Supervised by MUHAMMAD ROMLI and LIESBETINI HADITJAROKO. The increase of energy consumption is not balanced with production of fuel oil. It means need have alternative energy to substitute fuel oil with renewable energy, such as bioethanol. Sugar palm is potential for bioethanol production. It contains 16-18% of sucrose. Saccharomyces cerevisiae can be used to convert glucose into bioethanol. Initial sugar concentration and inoculum concentration are parameters effected the yield of ethanol. This research evaluated the effect of initial sugar concentration at S1, S2, and S3, and also the effect of inoculum concentration at 5%, 10%, and 15% (v/v) to produce the highest yield of ethanol. Fermentation process was done for 48 hours and the analysis of product were measured every 12 hours. The results showed that inoculum 15% (v/v) and sugar consentration S1 (18.6%) were the best consentrations for Saccharomyces cerevisiae with ethanol production 6.14 ± 0.13% (w/v), Xmaks 36.40±3.32 g/L, sugar conversion 99.75%, Yp/s s 0.47±0.01 g ethanol/g substrate, Yx/s 0.11±0.0 g cell/g substrate, Yp/x 4.30±0.02 g ethanol/g cell, qp 0.10 g ethanol/g cell.hour, and qs 0.22 g substrate/g cell.hour.


According to Uighur characteristics and special requirements of Uighur typesetting technique,the research is deep done.Through the incessant analysis,the pivotal technique including line breaking based on syllable segmentation and automatic elongate of characters is put forward,and applies to Uighur software of Office.Compared with Microsoft Office,the system develops represents many superiority facts.Furthermore,the vision quality of typesetting is more excellent.


In this study, the performance of virtual cut-through switching in the cube-based OTIS architecture, an optoelectronic interconnection architecture for multicomputer systems, is empirically analyzed. Deadlock-free deterministic and adaptive minimal path routing algorithms for this architecture are introduced, and the effects of different network and traffic parameters on average message latency are investigated. This analysis presents a relatively more realistic view of the OTIS architecture than that presented in previous work by considering issues related to a lower level of abstraction (the routing and switching of messages). Among other results, the analysis indicates that depending on the traffic pattern, minimal path routing in these architectures may cause extreme congestion to occur over certain channels of the network, resulting in severe performance degradation. Alternative non-minimal path routing schemes are therefore suggested and their performance compared. One of the non-minimal approaches suggested is found to be able to sustain at least half the maximum possible bandwidth under all studied traffic patterns. Yet determining a single routing algorithm that is capable of attaining the highest possible throughput for all different traffic patterns remains an open problem. A constraint-based analysis of the effect of dimensionality on performance is also conducted.


The fertilizer specially for eucalyptus consists of saccharomycetes, organic matter, humic acid, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, etc. The present invention has the following advantages of capacity of meeting the requirement for eucalyptus to grow to raise the growth of eucalyptus by over 20 %; lowered fertilizer applying cost; capacity of raising the resistance of eucalyptus to control diseases; and capacity of improving soil, raising water and fertilizer keeping ability of soil and protecting environment.


This paper aims at explaining the current inflation phenomenon in Vietnam. Although food and oil price shocks have resulted in inflation in many countries, the inflation rate in Vietnam has been excessively high. This paper examines monetary policy in Vietnam, focusing in particular on the sterilization tools that the State Bank of Vietnam used to cope with inflation. It is found that in the context of surplus overall balance of payments, the attempt to maintain the fixed exchange rate, together with the inability to conduct sufficient sterilization, has worsened the inflation problem in Vietnam.


This article has two objectives: (1) to present and to define a paradigm for sustainability which better connects with the organizational studies; and, (2) to prove that this paradigm, as a mode of perception of reality together with the organizational studies, must be eclectic, pluralist and flexible. It was realized a qualitative, exploratory and bibliographical research. It was developed a theoretical reference imbued of linking the sustainable development and the organizational studies by mentioning authors like Burrell and Morgan (1979), Marsden and Townley (2001) and Reed (2007). After this, some categorizations about the sustainable development presented by Gladwin, Kenelly and Krause (1995), Fergus and Rowney (2005), Lele (1991) and Mebratu (1998) have been presented. After this some epistemological postures have been discussed too (SCHWANDT, 2006) and followed by the introduction of the theory of the organizational act (MAGGI, 2006) as the one which sustains the interdisciplinarity observed in the foundations of the sustainable paradigm. This, in sum, is understood as the one which enables the necessary relation between the sustainable development and the organizational studies, just by understanding the term in perspective as an investigation phenomena that matters to the organizational studies. Its ecletism is highlighted by its pluralistic, dialogical and flexible essence.


Review(s) of: French Designs on Colonial New South Wales: Francois Peron's Memoir on the English Settlements in New Holland, Van Diemen's Land and the Archipelagos of the Great Pacific Ocean, by Jean Fornasiero and John West-Sooby, published by Friends of the State Library of South Australia, 2014, 396 pages. Illustrations, bibliography, index. ISBN 9781876154721 hardcover, 9781876154752 softcover. RRP $65.00 hardcover, $35.00 softcover, $115.00 deluxe edition handbound in quarter leather.