A method for applying a component (2; 3) of a package for a substance for infuse comprising a filter bag (3) for containing a substance and a pickup tag (2) for manually picking up the filter bag (3), the method comprising a method for knotting a string (1) to at least one of the components (2; 3) which is characterised in that it comprises the steps of - interposing, between a string (1) which is held taut along a first axis (x) and a needle (5) having an open lateral eye (6) and angled transversally to the axis (x) of the string (1), at least one of the components (2; 3) of the package, the component being angled so that the plane in which it lies is substantially parallel with the axis (x) of the string (1); - hooking the string (1) with a single needle (5) and by means of a sequence of passes through the plane in which the component (2; 3) lies forming stitching (12) which knots at least two loops (7, 8) of string (1) which are linked together one after another; and - tightening the stitching (12) to stably knot the string (1) to said one or each component (2; 3) of the package.


Objective: To establish the method for quality control of PuDiLan granules. Methods: HuangQin(Scutellaria baicalensis) was identified qualitatively by TCL, the contents of baicalin in HuangQin were determined by HPLC. Chromatographic column: Thermo C18(250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm), mobile phase: methanol-0.2% phosphoric acid solution(47:53), flow rate was 1.0mL/min, detection wavelength: 280nm, room temperature. Results: The spots of TLC were distinguished and clear. Baicalin showed better linear relationship in the range between 0.076 and 7.6 μg(r=0.9999), average recovery was 99.5%, RSD=0.71%(n=6). Conclusion: TLC and HPLC method established in the study, simple, accurate, reproducible and specific, could be used to quality control of the preparation.


The aim of this communication is to present and discuss a participative method we are developing to design and assess cropping systems adapted to multi-criteria demands and assessment. Based on the prototyping approach (e.g. Vereijken 1997; Lancon et al. 2007), this method takes advantage of expert knowledge and focuses on the means to collect, gather and transmit the variety of expectations by involving the stakeholders in the process of design. We are building and testing this method in different case studies in France. This communication aims at describing each step of this method, which actors should be involved and which tools we can use to design innovative cropping systems.


Young star clusters with masses similar to those of classical old globular clusters are observed not only in starbursts, mergers or otherwise disturbed galaxies, but also in normal spiral galaxies. Some young clusters with masses as high as ~10^6 Msun have been found in the disks of isolated spirals. Dynamical mass estimates are available for a few of these clusters and are consistent with Kroupa-type IMFs. The luminosity (and possibly mass-) functions of young clusters are usually well approximated by power-laws. Thus, massive clusters at the tail of the distribution are naturally rare, but appear to be present whenever clusters form in large numbers. While bound star clusters may generally form with a higher efficiency in environments of high star formation rate, many of the apparent differences between clusters in starbursts and ``normal'' galaxies might be simply due to sampling effects.


This paper makes a study of C ++ language and C language from approaches based on the relation of C ++ language and C language ,along with the grammatical rules and the characteristic in designing programe ways of C ++ language.It deals with the expansion of C ++ language for C language in three aspects-traditional structural process,object oriental programming design and programming design.


Start up processes of D T burning in a tokamak reactor for different heating scenarios are studied. It is shown that on axis heating and off axis heating have little difference in the eventual results for same total heating power. This means that the neutral beam injection with relatively low energy is still possible to use in burn start up.


For a long time, it is believed that there are a great deal of contradictions to be settled in the traditional insurance investment with the development of modern insurance. Insurance entering the capital market brings a new opportunity for insurance development by the directness of fund, which should be regarded as the turning point to deepen the reform, settle the contradiction, and realize the ultimate transition to modern insurance.


The Effectiveness of Health Behavior Promoting Program for Overweight Golden Age Female at Public Health Center 53 Tungsonghong, Health Department Watthana Jintarith MD, MPH Public Health Center 53 Tungsonghong, Health Department, BMA Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of health behavior promoting program and to study health behavior and health status in overweight golden age female. Study design: Quasi-experimental research with pretest-posttest control group design. Setting: Public Health Center 53 Tungsonghong, Health Department, BMA Subjects: A total of 100 golden age female who attended the menopausal clinic during January and February 2005 were divided into 2 groups, 50 for intervention group and 50 for control group. Methods: The 6-week health behavior promoting program was performed in the intervention group with weekly contact for 7 times. The pre-test and post-test physical data and interview data were collected from the intervention and control groups. Main outcome measures: The changes lf health behavior concerning eating behavior, cooking behavior, physical exercise, mental exercise and health status including weight control status and stress status. Results: The improvement lf health behavior and health status in the intervention group concerning eating behavior, cooking behavior, physical exercise, mental exercise, weight control starts and stress starts were significantly greater than in the control group (p 0.05). Conclusion: The health behavior promoting program for overweight golden age female had effected the greater improvement of health behavior and health status in the intervention group then in the control group. Keywords: Program, health behavior, overweight golden age female Vajira Med J 2005 ; 49 : 19 - 27


Organic‐inorganic perovskites despite being known for their extraordinary performance in solar cell research areas are also a workhorse in the field of unconventional information processing. Here, a neuromimetic behaviour is presented in a perovskite device with the potential to act as an artificial synapse. In addition, perovskite layer is combined with one of the non‐stoichiometric polymeric forms of carbon nitride (C3N4). Such a device can operate not only according to the principles of non‐von Neumann architecture but also utilizes two different stimuli as information carriers–electric current and/or light. This in turn can lead towards the development of next‐generation information processing/storage units.


A study conducted in 1998 by the World Bank in cooperation with USAID took stock of various farm restructuring initiatives in Ukraine, including projects managed and financed by international donors and spontaneous local-level restructuring initiatives. The results fail to reveal major breakthroughs in large-farm restructuring. While farm enterprises have changed their registered legal form and distributed land and asset shares to individual memebers, the internal farm structure largely remains that of the former collective. As a result only limited improvements in profitability and efficiency have been achieved, and physical yields mostly remain at pre-reform levels. Despite the disappointing overall accomplishments, both workers and managers are responding positively to the attempted reforms through improved work discipline and confidence in better future performance. The present report starts with an overall evaluation of the process of farm restructuring and a summary of policy conclusions drawn from the empirical findings. The introductory chapter follows with a review of three international donor projects operating in Ukraine since 1995-96. Then the survey findings for the restructured farms and independent family farms established as spin-offs are presented. The analysis focuses on issues of productivity, profitability, and farm organization. Changes in the social sphere and the standard of living of the rural population are examined.


To solve the problems in forming scatternet dynamically among Bluetooth devices in multi-hop environment,a new algorithm is developed,BBSF(Based on Bionics Scatternet Formation),using the Ad hoc property of Swam Intelligence clustering pattern from the research of living being's group behaviors.BBSF achieves the scatternet subnets merger using a tree-like but "not true tree"topology structure,and the scatternet merger control pithily and effectively.It provides a new design method of distributed dynamical net forming in multi-hop environment.The BBSF is simulated in different environments and conditions,using NS-2(Network Simulator) and its expand plug-in components,and its property is compared to the typical net forming algorithm of Bluetooth scatternet.


SYNTHESIS 2009, No. 9, pp 1513–1519xx.xx.2009 Advanced online publication: 14.04.2009 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1216633; Art ID: T17608SS © Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York Abstract: Ring opening of 2,2-dimethylthiirane by deactivated aromatic amines to afford 2-(arylamino)ethanethiols as 6-substituted 1,4-benzothiazine precursors, was investigated. The reaction takes place under mild conditions using copper(II) triflate or indium(III) triflate as catalysts. The regioselectivity of the addition depends on the catalysts and the substituents of the arylamines.


Abstract An analysis of small-scale magnetic fields shows that the Ponomarenko dynamo is a fast dynamo; the maximum growth rate remains of order unity in the limit of large magnetic Reynolds number. Magnetic fields are regenerated by a "stretch-diffuse" mechanism. General smooth axisymmetric velocity fields are also analysed; these give slow dynamo action by the same mechanism.


This paper exhibits a robust speed controller equipped with a self-tuner for permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs), taking nonlinearity and model-plant mismatches into account. The first contribution of the proposed technique is designing a self-tuner for updating the cutoff frequency of target speed dynamics. The second one is rendering the closed-loop system to recover the target tracking performance and remove the offset errors in the absence of integrators. A 5-kW prototype interior PMSM is used to experimentally verify the effectiveness of the proposed technique.


Communication is conveying of information, ideas, facts, thoughts, feelings, values, knowledge, from one party to another and process by which people share meaning and create understanding through transmission of messages. At each level of communication in encoding, decoding, sending, receiving, and propagating, the message, there are hurdles which decrease the effectiveness of communication, considered as weakness and some opportunities which smoothen the communication process increasing efficiency, considered as strength. Jamshedpur is a major industrial hub of east India, housing giant companies like Tata Steel, Tata Motors, Tata Power, BOC, JUSCO and so on. This study examines in detail that the nature and content of communication within Jamshedpur based organisations is influenced by factors of management and employees and aspect of communication which deal with the related strengths and weaknesses. The study is an exploratory research. For study purpose, the total sample size from different industries has been taken which consists of 100 officers, 150 supervisors, and 250 workers on random sampling basis. Information collected from respondents' answers/opinions, called as feedback have been analysed critically. Data collection is done by observation, informal interview and discussion with employees also, but mainly by formal interview using questionnaires of 40 different questions. Finally, data have been represented through various tables. Theoretically, data is categorised in two parts, negative aspects (weakness) and positive aspects (strength) which jointly regulate the total effectiveness of organisational communication.


The author in the current work deals with the topic of the Criminal law of the enemy from the perspective of who it found in the thought of Emmanuel Kant, until arriving at Hans Vaihinger's thought with regard to the above-mentioned topic.


It can be pointed out that characteristics of machine tool joints have a significant effect on the static, dynamic and thermal behavior of a machine tool as a whole. To clarify various characteristics of the joint, it is basically essential to evaluate the contact pressure and its distribution. With regard to the measurement of the static contact pressure of the joint, one of the authors has already proposed a method using ultrasonic waves. In contrast, the joint behavior in the machine work condition is not revealed as yet. In this study, therefore, an ultrasonic waves method for the in-process measurement of contact pattern variations has been proposed, and its characteristics have also been investigated. The objective of the study is the joint between the bearing and its housing in the main spindle system. The method has a remarkable feature in that it is continuously applicable in operation without changing the state of contact at the joint. From the experimental results, it is ascertained that the proposed method is available for detecting the contact pattern variations significantly influenced by the thermal expansion of the outer ring of the bearing.


After decades of promoting work–family reconciliation with the aim of advancing gender equality, European Union (EU) discourses around work and family have been reframed. This article distinguishes three currently paramount discourses: The social investment approach, the transitional labor market model, and the individual life-course model. Respectively, they propose investing in, facilitating, and individualizing the new social risks, including the resolution of tensions in the relationship between work and family life. Each has particular assumptions about risk-sharing, public and private responsibility, and the position of the individual vis-à-vis the state and the community. These paradigms have been analyzed in relation to EU policies on the reconciliation of work and family life. We find some traces of these paradigms in the Lisbon agreements, its amendments, and in the National Action Plans that are regularly submitted by the member-states. We conclude that the gender-equality agenda has been subordinated to the focus on creating competitive knowledge-based economies in the EU. Social investment is the most prominent of the three paradigms in this new agenda, yet because it is mixed up with elements from the other paradigms, current policy agendas lack coherence.


A particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation has been usually utilized for observing plasma kinetics in low pressure [1]because of long simulation time as PIC uses a huge amount of computational particles to treat collisions with neutral gas using Monte Carlo collision (MCC) method. In order to simulate high or intermediate pressure discharges, there are three limitations which slow down the total computation time: (1) many simulation particles are needed as plasma density increases. (2) a very short time step is required in MCC process. (3) many collisional reactions should be included. To overcome these limitations, we approach in three ways: (1) parallelization of PIC simulation with Graphics Processing Units (GPUs), (2) improvement of MCC method, (3) and combination with a fluid model for heavy particle collisions. In this presentation, ion transport phenomena are investigated at the wafer edge in a capacitively coupled plasma (CCP) reactor under an intermediate pressure of a few Torr. The effects of waferfocus ring gap, focus ring height, and the dielectric constant are investigated on the neutral and the ion fluxes and the ion energy and angle distribution (IAEDF), and compared with the preceded results [2–3]for the effect of the wafer-focus ring property.


The voltage source series inverter with a transformer-coupled induction heating load suffers from either latching or commutation failure when starting under certain load conditions. The load conditions that cause starting failure are determined. The commutating and latching current capabilities of the inverter are obtained by a transient analysis of the invertor for the first half cycle. The requirements for successful operation of the inverter are discussed, and the regions for successful and unsuccessful commutation and latching of the inverter are given. >


This paper is focused on the determination of real driving ranges for electric vehicles (EV's) and how it influences fuel consumption and carbon emissions. A precise method to evaluate the driving range of an EV can establish the correct reduction in GEI amount, mainly CO and CO2, ejected to the environment. The comparison of the daily driving range between an internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicle and an EV provides a useful tool for determining actual fuel saved during a daily trip and a method to compute carbon emissions saved depending on the type of ICE vehicle. Real driving range has been estimated on the basis of a daily trip consisting of five different segments, acceleration, deceleration, constant speed, ascent and descent, which reproduce the different types of driving. The modelling has been developed for urban routes since they are the most common and the most polluted environment where the use of electric vehicles is applied. The effects of types of driving have been taken into account for the calculation of the driving range by considering three main types of driving: aggressive, normal and moderate. The types of vehicle in terms of shape and size as well as dynamic conditions and the types of roads have also been considered for the determination of the driving range. Specific software has been developed to predict electric vehicle range under real driving conditions as a function of the characteristic parameters of a daily trip.


ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of propofol on the hemodymamics as well as the levels of angiotensin Ⅱfrom plasma,myocardium and aorta in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) after various antihypertensive therapies. MethodsThirty-two SHR were randomly divided into four anti-hypertensive treatment groups:captopril (group A),propranolol (group B),dihydrochlorothiazide (group C) and felodipine (group D) (n=8 per group). After twelve weeks of antihypertensive treatment,SHR were first induced with a bolus of 5mg/kg propofol followed by an infusion of 60 mg·kg-1·h-1 propofol for 30 min. MAP and HR were monitored continuously during infusion. The levels of Angiotensin Ⅱ from plasma,myocardium and aorta were measured at the end of the infusion. Results MAP and HR decreased during the propofol infusion in all groups. The inhibition of hemodynamics in group A was significant than those in other groups. Angiotensin Ⅱin plasma,the myocardium and aorta was significantly lower in group A than that in group B,C and D. ConclusionPropofol inhibits hemodynamics in SHR with various antihypertensive therapies,especially those treated with captopril,which could be related to the decrease of body angiotensin Ⅱ.


Introduction/Hypothesis: Hypertonic saline (HTS) is commonly used to manage elevations in intracranial pressure in patients with traumatic brain injuries (TBIs). Recent studies have suggested that an increase in the chloride load may be associated with poor outcomes including acute kidney injury (AKI). However, data examining the impact of hyperchloremia on patient outcomes specifically in the TBI population are lacking. Our aim was to fill this gap in the literature by evaluating whether or not hyperchloremia was associated with AKI in patients suffering from a TBI who received 3% HTS as a continuous infusion. Methods: A single-center, retrospective cohort study was performed between November 1, 2016 through November 30, 2018 at a level one trauma certified, tertiary care hospital. Patients 16 years or older with a primary diagnosis of a TBI who received HTS for at least 12 hours were eligible. Patients with endstage renal disease were excluded. Patients were divided into two cohorts: those who developed hyperchloremia on HTS and those who did not. The primary endpoint was the incidence of AKI. Results: This study included 27 patients, with 24 (88.8%) developing hyperchloremia. AKI occurred in 7 patients, all of whom were hyperchloremic, though the difference between groups was not statistically significant (p=0.277). In-hospital mortality occurred in eight patients (29.6%). Of these, all were hyperchloremic and four (50.0%) developed AKI. No statistically significant differences between groups in hospital or ICU length of stay existed. A multivariate linear regression indicated a significant association between peak serum chloride levels during HTS therapy and severe TBIs (p=0.036). We also performed a two independent proportions test which revealed a significant difference between AKI and no AKI in patients with a severe TBI (p=0.009). Conclusions: No significant association between hyperchloremia and the incidence of AKI in TBI patients receiving 3% HTS as a continuous infusion existed. However, an association between TBI severity and the development of AKI and hyperchloremia was observed. These results raise the question of whether patients with severe TBIs should be managed more cautiously than the general TBI population. Further research is needed to thoroughly explore these associations.


Experimental investigations were made to assess the fire behaviour of rice husk particleboard, a potential substitute for wood particleboards. Releveant fire properties, namely non-combustibility, ignitability, fire propagation index, surface spread of flame classification, specific optical density of smoke generated, flammability and flame penetration were determined in accordance with existing standard methods. In this paper the salient results obtained are discussed.


Effects of aerosol with focus on the direct climate effect of anthropogenic sulfate aerosol under 2×CO2 condition were investigated by introducing aerosol distribution into the latest version of RegCM2. Two experiments, first run(2×CO2 + 0 aerosol concentration) and second run (2×CO2 + aerosol distribution), were made for 5 years respectively. Preliminary analysis shows that the direct climate effect of aerosol might cause a decrease of surface air temperature.The decrease might be larger in winter and in South China. The regional-averaged monthly precipitation might also decrease in most of the months due to the effect. The annual mean change of precipitation might be a decrease in East and an increase in West China. But the changes of both temperature and precipitation simulated were much smaller as compared to the greenhouse effect.


Parameters of multi-pulse pulse position modulation(MPPM) were analyzed to resolve extension transmission bandwidth for pulse position modulation(PPM) in atmosphere laser communication.These parameters include capacity of information transmission,transmission efficiency,bandwidth efficiency,etc.It is found that three-pulse PPM offers better capacity of information transmission,bandwidth efficiency as compared to PPM and dual-pulse PPM.Therefore,a new coding and decoding system was designed for the first time,namely coding and decoding system of three-pulse PPM.The experimental results show that coding and decoding system of three-pulse PPM with FPGA can accurately accomplish coding and decoding of input binary bit.


The more rapid development of today's population is increasing also problems thatarise in people's lives, both from private self to a place where people lived, one of theproblems that occur in particular in the area is great is the issue of housing andsettlements. Because the density of the population who come, and the land is narrowand therefore many of which utilize their land to be used as a rented house that can berented as a residence for migrants who do not have a place to stay. The purpose of thispaper is to determine the responsibility of the lease if the tenant rented house in defaultor is negligent in this arrangement.In writing this paper, the type used normative research which refers to the books,as well as existing data. Legal responsibilities of stakeholders in the implementation ofthe rented house lease agreement can be seen in the rights and obligations of theparties, both the lessor and the tenant house. If the tenant does not do what his dutythen the lessor can sue to require the implementation of the agreement, or restitution orboth that can be requested along with the implementation of compensation


Nicholas Sclnecker's Histórica narratio et oratio de D. D. Martirio Luthero (1574; 1590/91 second, enlarged edit ion) was one of the first Luther biographies which became popular through print and translation. Selnecker's Luther image was shaped by Melanchthon and especially Mathesius. In his narrative of Luther's life, the author concentrated on the 1530 Diet of Augsburg and the Augsburg Confession. H e saw in Luther the most important theologian whose writings he regarded as normative after the Bible and the Confess ions . Thus Selnecker emphasized the Lutheran norms and traditions used in the controversies of his time (the catastrophy of Philippism in Electoral Saxony in 1574) and thus made a significant contribution to Lutheran confessionalization. In contrast to the reception of Luther in which the reformer's polemical writings were ignored ( 1 5 7 4 / 1 5 8 8 ) , Selnecker concentrated on the "whole" Luther. This approach to Luther and his continuous polemics from the pulpit resulted in Selnecker's dismissal from his position at the University of Leipzig (1589) and his exile from Electoral Saxony.


58 patients with duodenal ulcer were submitted to selective anterior and total posterior vagotomy. Another 58 patients with duodenal ulcer, comparable with the latter, were contemporarily submitted to bilateral selective vagotomy. Assessed by the insulin test, bilateral selective vagotomy resulted in a significantly greater number of complete vagotomies than did selective anterior and total posterior vagotomy. Severe post-vagotomy diarrhoea occurred after two of 58 selective anterior and total posterior vagotomies, whereas no case of diarrhoea was registered after bilateral selective vagotomy.


Naturally, there are flaws. The alluring alliterative title is in fact somewhat misleading and confusing. "Faith" refers to what is ordinarily known as "baptism by desire" (as the dustjacket in fact states); "fiction" embraces not only those who pretend to come to the font for deceitful purposes, such as theatrical performances of any sort in which baptism is enacted; and "force" here applies to those persons and groups, Jewish and "pagan," who are compelled to undergo baptism. "Medieval" is also a trifle eccentric, for the period treated ranges from the patristic (especially post-Nicene and Latin) up to the early-fourteenth century. This terminus ad quem is not explained, and one wonders whether Colish makes the habitual assumption of "high medievalists" that late-medieval theology had nothing new to say. Nor is any explanation given for two omissions: baptism by blood (usually equated with martyrdom), although references to it occur on some fifty pages; and the issue of the presumed indelibility of the mark left by baptism on the soul. One might infer this character from the nonrepeatable nature of the rite evidently assumed from the very beginning of Christianity, but then one encounters this curious sentence in the discussion of Charlemagne and the conversion of the Saxons in the last quarter of the eighth century: "The Carolingians may have regarded baptism as an irreversible, once-in-a-lifetime event, a ritual that could not be undone, unlike penance or monastic profession. This distinction was lost on the Saxons" (p. 253). The words "may have" are equivocal but crucial (see also conflicting phrases on pp. 6 and 51) and reflect a more general unease about Colish's treatment of Charlemagne and her understanding of "force" in the spread of Christianity. Although Charlemagne as a turning point in the subsequent history of forced baptism is important, he embodied the next stage in the gradual adoption of force or pressure once Christianity was becoming the obligatory religion of the Roman Empire, a process in which bishops played a central role. Colish also is insufficiently appreciative of the polytheistic mind-set (whether of the Saxons, the "Normans" [another equivocal term], or the Baltic peoples), for all of whom repudiation of once accepted gods was perfectly logical and did not necessarily involve duplicity. In the end, however, these are disagreements over emphasis and interpretation of but one aspect of what is otherwise a most impressive achievement for which we should be most thankful.


The fact that some developing countries with authoritarian regimes have achieved high rates of growth and impressive technology development has been interpreted as an indication that authoritarian regimes fare better than democratic ones in the promotion of technical change. This paper argues that, in the Latin American case, authoritarian insulation led to lack of accountability and protected inefficiency; it did not translate into a capacity to elicit the desired innovative behaviour from the relevant players, nor guaranteed the correctness of policy decisions and timely adaptation to changes in the relevant policy parameters. These effects of authoritarian insulation are illustrated with the help of the informatics policies of Brazil and Argentina. Political and social democratisation lead to improved prospecls of more realistic and effective science and technology policies in the region that diffuse what are currently isolated cases of innovative dialogue between the users and producers of technology, that is, those who need a technological solution and those who design it.


Reusability is an important quality attribute for defense modeling and simulation (MS) due to the ever-changing combat simulations and new requirements. There has been research conducted worldwide for reusing simulation models. The methods proposed in these studies (including One Semi-Automated Forces (OneSAF)) support reuse of simulation components in the development of new models. As the reuse units in the existing methods are at the simulation component level, when existing components do not satisfy new simulation requirements, new components have to be developed and maintained separately from the existing ones. However, simulation components in the same domain tend to have common parts; behavior models for tactical missions and battlefield functions in the same domain are derived from the same tactical doctrine/manual, and thus they tend to have a common structure. There is a need for a new method to maximize reusability by providing "fine-grained" reuse, i.e. composing simulation components from reusable fine-grained modules (i.e. behaviors/functions). We address the problem by applying the product line engineering concept to the development of simulation components. Commonalities and variabilities (CVs) of domain-specific simulation requirements and CVs of tactical behaviors and battlefield functions are identified in domain-oriented variability modeling. Then, the CVs are used to design and implement domain-specific simulation component assets with domain-specific tactical behaviors and battlefield functions while embedding the identified variabilities. These domain-specific component assets are instantiated based on selections of variabilities and then integrated to develop a simulation model. Feasibility of the method was demonstrated in an infantry squad combat domain of the Republic of Korea armed forces.


The downwash airflow field of UAVs is insufficient under the dual influence of greenhouse structure and crop occlusion, and the distribution characteristics of the flight flow field of UAVs in greenhouses are unclear. In order to promote the application of UAVs in greenhouses, the flow field characteristics of UAVs in a greenhouse were studied herein. In a greenhouse containing tomato plants, a porous media model was used to simulate the obstacle effect of crops on the airflow. The multi-reference system model method was selected to solve the flow field of the UAV. Studies have shown that the airflow field generated by UAV flight in a greenhouse is mainly affected by the greenhouse structure. With the increase in UAV flight height, the ground effect of the downwash flow field weakened, and the flow field spread downward and around. The area affected by the flow field of the crops became larger, while the development of the crop convection field was less affected. The simulation was verified by experiments, and linear regression analysis was carried out between the experimental value and the simulation value. The experimental results were found to be in good agreement with the simulation results.


In this discussion paper we list a number of problems we found with the current dynamic semantics as presented in the defining document of UML: the UML specification version 1.3 [2] (shortly UML 1.3 from now on). For some of these problem, we suggest solutions. The intention is to contribute to a further improvement of the dynamic semantics of the UML. All problems were encountered during the attempt to formalize UML 1.3 semantics or during the attempt to explain the semantics to computer science students. We distinguish the following kinds of problems


Automated speed enforcement (ASE) devices have been and are being used in many countries to supplement limited enforcement resources. Although these devices have been tried in the U.S., they have not met with great success. The objectives of this research were: to review how ASE devices have been used as part of an enforcement agency's strategy; to determine what results can be expected from using ASE devices; to identify what legal and political issues could prohibit the use of ASE devices; and to identify what operational problems are associated with using ASE devices.


The condensation reaction of aldehydes, β-ketoesters and urea/thiourea in presence of a catalytic amount of CuPy2Cl2 complex proceeded under very mild reaction conditions in high yield (80-90%).


Interconnecting networks adopting Fast Optical Switches (FOS) can achieve high bandwidth, low latency, and low power consumption. We propose and demonstrate a novel interconnecting topology based on FOS (FOSquare) with distributed fast flow control which is suitable for HPC infrastructures. We also present an Optimized Mapping (OPM) algorithm that maps the most communication-related processes inside a rack. We numerically investigate and compare the network performance of FOSquare with Leaf-Spine under real traffic traces collected by running multiple applications (CG, MG, MILC, and MINI_MD) in an HPC infrastructure. The numerical results show that the FOSquare can reduce >10% latency with respect to Leaf-Spine under the scenario of 16 available cores.


Following a change in the rate of convergence in a collision zone, the rate of rock uplift also changes. This results in a change in relief, and hence in erosion rate. Thus, over time, the erosion rate tends to adjust to equal the rock-uplift rate. A perturbation analysis of a mountain mass at critical taper suggests that the time constant for this adjustment varies from 10 5 to >10 8 yr, depending on initial relief, lithology, and erosion law. Under most conditions, time constants for the adjustment are long enough to preclude attainment of a steady state during a typical orogeny lasting on the order of 10 7 yr. However, if erosion increases exponentially with relief, a close approach to a steady state is possible in the relatively few mountain belts on Earth with exceptional relief and/or weak lithologies.


umbilical laparoscopic versus conventional laparoscopic nephrectomy: a comparison of perioperative outcomes and short-term measures of convalescence. Eur. Urol. 2009; 55: 1198–206. 16 White WM, Goel RK, Kaouk JH. Single-port laparoscopic retroperitoneal surgery: initial operative experience and comparative outcomes. Urology 2009; 73: 1279–82. 17 Rane A, Ahmed S, Kommu SS, Anderson CJ, Rimington PD. Single-port 'scarless' laparoscopic nephrectomies: the United Kingdom experience. BJU Int. 2009; 104: 230–3. 18 Elder JS. Abnormalities of the genitalia in boys and their surgical management. In: Wein AJ, Kavoussi LR, Novick AC, Partin AW, Peters CA (eds). Campbell-Walsh Urology Ninth Edition. Saunders, Philadelphia, PA, 2007; 3745–98. 19 Watanabe M, Nagai A, Kusumi N, Tsuboi H, Nasu Y, Kumon H. Minimal invasiveness and effectivity of subinguinal microscopic varicocelectomy: a comparative study with retroperitoneal high and laparoscopic approaches. Int. J. Urol. 2005; 12: 892–8. 20 Kaneko T, Sasaki S, Yanai Y, Umemoto Y, Kohri K. Effect of microsurgical repair of the varicocele on testicular function in adolescence and adulthood. Int. J. Urol. 2007; 14: 1080–3. 21 VanderBrink BA, Palmer LS, Gitlin J, Levitt SB, Franco I. Lymphatic-sparing laparoscopic varicocelectomy versus microscopic varicocelectomy: is there a difference? Urology 2007; 70: 1207–10. 22 Glassberg KI, Poon SA, Gjertson CK, DeCastro GJ, Misseri R. Laparoscopic lymphatic sparing varicocelectomy in adolescents. J. Urol. 2008; 180: 326–31. 23 Gargollo PC, Diamond DA. Current management of the adolescent varicocele. Cur. Urol. Rep. 2009; 10: 144–52. 24 Canes D, Berger A, Gettman MT, Desai MM. Minimally invasive approaches to ureteropelvic junction obstruction. Urol. Clin. North Am. 2008; 35: 425–39.


Based on the shear wave tracing technique (SWT) proposed by Z.P.Tang, a series of experiments including oblique planar impact of inclination angle 10 degree, impact loading velocity ranging from 75m/s to 506m/s for FCEM and from 74m/s to 484m/s for CEM, have been carried out to investigate the responses of polypropylene micro-fiber reinforced cement to impact loading. Experimental results show that there exist four critical points A, B, C and D along the p-V Hugoniot curve. They correspond to the HEL of the material, the shear strength limit and the transition from damage state to failure state, void collapse and the shock compression, respectively. The critical point B is difficult to be identified and has not been reported before. However, it can be clearly distinguished with the SWT technique. According to the analyses of shear strength, it can be concluded that the transversal waves, especially the unloading ones, are of importance to the dynamic damage detection in brittle materials.


The Eisenhower administration was arguably the most paradoxical administration in the history of U.S. Cold War national security policy. President Dwight Eisenhower was conadent of U.S. nuclear supremacy over the Soviet Union, yet at the same time he believed that the United States was vulnerable to a Soviet surprise nuclear attack. But he did not compensate for this sense of insecurity by building up U.S. military strength. On the contrary, Eisenhower was determined to reduce U.S. defense expenditure. U.S. policymakers repeatedly reminded their allies about the importance of working with the United States toward a common security goal. Yet, simultaneously, Washington alarmed its allies with loose talk about nuclear weapons. Moreover, the United States put the unity of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization at risk by attempting to reduce the number of U.S. troops stationed in Western Europe. The fear of nuclear weapons was uppermost in the minds of U.S. decision-makers, yet they inaugurated the arst declaratory nuclear doctrine, known as Massive Retaliation, which threatened potential aggressors with an all-out U.S. nuclear strike. Finally, despite the administration's aggressive rhetorical stance, Eisenhower made overtures to the Soviet Union after the death of Josif Stalin by delivering speeches about "The Chance for Peace" and "Atoms for Peace." Hence Eisenhower offered the paradoxical image of a president who waged "peace" during the high Cold War in the 1950s. As the distinguished Oxford historian Michael Howard has often pointed out, "peace" is a difacult concept to deane because it is not simply the alternative to "war." Peace can entail any situation other than "war." Peace also implies stability and order in the broadest sense, even if that stability is threatened by a sense of anxiety, fear, and uncertainty. In many ways, the Cold War blurred the demarcation between war and peace. Ira Chernus, a professor of religious studies at the University of Colorado at Boulder, has written a short analysis of Eisenhower's "Atoms for Peace" speech before the General Assembly of the United Nations (UN) on 8 December 1953. Chernus explores "Eisenhower's discursive construction of war, peace, and national security" in the lead-up to the speech (p. 6). Despite the growing shift of recent literature on the Cold War toward the cultural and social dimensions and away from the political, one cannot escape the fact that a country's decisions about war and peace remain in the hands of a few leaders at the top. Chernus shows how public speeches by national leaders have tended to shape public perceptions and public debates. The use of words by these leaders is bound to reoect their beliefs, ideologies, and interpretations of the world. By implication, history can be shaped by a few individuals' words. In this context the "Atoms for Peace" speech can be seen as more than the president's expression of his ideas, since it constituted what Chernus describes as part of Eisenhower's "apoc-


Writing an appellate brief is a momentous task-this may be the last chance to convince a court of law of your client's case, or you are defending a favourable verdict in the court below after months, if not years, of hard work. Yet, it is not often appreciated just how specialised appellate advocacy is. This article focuses on the written dimension of appellate advocacy and attempts to articulate significant but frequently overlooked aspects unique to writing a persuasive appellate brief.


Monoterpene indole alkaloids (MIAs) comprise a large and diverse class of plant natural products, many of which exhibit potent biological activities such as anticancer, antimalarial, and antihypertensive. While the biosynthetic construction of these compounds has been a subject of intensive study for the past six decades, the identification of specific pathway genes remains an active area of investigation. MIAs belonging to the aspidosperma and iboga structural classes are produced only by select plants in the Apocynaceae (dogbane) family. The most well‐known of these is Catharanthus roseus, which produces the bisindole anticancer compounds vinblastine and vincristine through a complex pathway involving more than thirty individual enzymatic steps. Recently, we characterized three carboxylesterase‐like enzymes from C. roseus and Tabernanthe iboga that catalyze regio‐ and enantiodivergent [4+2] cycloadditions to generate the aspidosperma (tabersonine synthase, TS) and iboga (catharanthine synthase, CS; coronaridine synthase, CorS) scaffolds from a common biosynthetic intermediate. While crystal structures, computational docking, and site‐directed mutagenesis provided some key insights into the catalytic mechanism and cyclization specificity of these enzymes, several important questions remained unanswered. Here, we use a combination of computation and experiment to demonstrate that the [4+2] cyclases in MIA biosynthesis employ a stepwise rather than a concerted mechanism of cyclization. We also isolate and characterize the direct product of the CorS reaction and show that it can serve as a branch point in the biosynthesis of both iboga and pseudo‐aspidosperma alkaloids. Using a phylogenetic approach, we subsequently explore the evolution and diversification of MIA cyclase function. Reconstruction and functional analysis of ancestral enzymes allows us to trace an evolutionary trajectory from carboxylesterase to TS, from TS to CorS, and from CorS to CS. We further generate and test a panel of mutants based on both extant and ancestral cyclases to probe the molecular basis for differential cyclization activity. Our results provide insight into the mechanism and evolution of a unique class of biosynthetic enzymes and offer a means by which they could be leveraged for the facile production of new MIAs.


At the possible completion of a turn constructional unit (TCU) that has not selected a next speaker, a speaker has two available options: either begin a new TCU or continue the one that has just come to a point of possible completion. This article describes some of the complex turns that result from exercising the second option. These can be seen to consist of at least two components: a host and a continuation. This article focuses, in particular, on cases in which these are produced by different speakers. Although a basic distinction between reverse- and same-directionality continuations can account for many instances, other cases are more complicated. This article suggests that such cases encourage us to consider the variety of footings a speaker can adopt vis-à-vis the prior talk by continuing another participant's turn.


This study dealt with tagged: the difference in the views of one word and its effects on the Hanbalis chapter on purity as a model, explaining the meaning of the intakes language and terminology, then I indicated to me the choice of the meaning of the intrusions, then I mentioned the words related to the intakes, and then I mentioned the importance of knowing the intentions of the sayings, and indicated its importance from The words of the jurists, and some of their applications, and how they were expelled with their origins and did not contradict, and then I mentioned the multiplicities of one word and the fruits of its knowledge, and I said that it does not refrain from sense, reason or legitimacy from the multiplicity of sockets even if the result is the same and the methods that are connected to it are multiple or different, and from Then I mentioned the significance of the sayings of theology in the science of graduation, and indicated that it is its greatest pillar, and then examined some applications in the chapter on purity at the Hanbalis, and these applications are included in the research condition, which is that these issues and sayings are the same result; But the difference occurred in its socket and origin, then I showed the implications of that, and then I concluded this research with the most important findings and recommendations. And may God's prayers and peace be upon our Prophet Muhammed, his family, and all his companions, and praise be to God, Lord of the worlds.


Chapter 8 outlines the potential merits and challenges of prosecuting individuals suspected of being involved in state organized crime before international criminal courts and tribunals. It identifies potential advantages common to international criminal courts and tribunals, namely the unavailability of jurisdictional immunities as a procedural bar, the greater likelihood of a genuine investigation, the existence of formal rules to deal with concurrent claims of jurisdiction, the capacity to address complex cases of system criminality, and the expressive potential of international criminal courts and tribunals. It then considers the respective advantages and disadvantages of different institutional mechanisms that could be used or adapted for the prosecution of state organized crime, examining in turn the International Criminal Court, ad hoc tribunals, and the future criminal chamber of the African Court of Justice and Human Rights.


Two algorithms for frequency error detection in OQPSK satellite modems are presented. The results of computer simulations in respect of acquisition and noise performance are given. These algorithms are suitable for DSP implementation and are applicable to mobile satellite systems in which significant Doppler shift is experienced.


This study defined the knowledge points of each remote sensing class chapter according to teaching general outline.Each chapter,the knowledge was divided into four types including basic concept,basic theory and method,basic practicing and integrated using.Clear requests of test questions were put forward for each type of knowledge.According to these requests,the test database was constructed.


We apply different statistical methods for characterizing heterogeneity and textures from scanning acoustic microscope (SAM) images of shale microstructures. Characterizing and understanding the microgeometry, their textures, scales, and textural anisotropy is important for better understanding the role of microgeometry on effective elastic properties. We analyzed SAM images from Bakken shale, Bazhenov shale, and Woodford shale. Our analysis, based on spatial autocorrelation functions shows that there is a small positive correlation between the degree of heterogeneity and the mean spatial correlation length of the microstructure. The textural anisotropy ranges from 10% to 80%. There is considerable variability within each image, as well as from one image to another. A singular value decomposition (SVD) spectral analysis showed that the shale microstructures have characteristics in common with fractal stochastic images. We also obtain a correlation between maturity and textural heterogeneity.


We present Oseen equations on Lipschitz domains in a port-Hamiltonian context. Such equations arise, for instance, by linearization of the Navier-Stokes equations. In our setup, the external port consists of the boundary traces of velocity and the normal component of the stress tensor, and boundary control is imposed by velocity and normal stress tensor prescription at disjoint parts of the boundary. We employ the recently developed theory of port-Hamiltonian system nodes for our formulation. An illustration is provided by means of flow through a cylinder.


This paper discusses the bandwidth requirements for accurate estimates of cross‐spectral density. The common way to reduce the statistical fluctuations occurring in measurements of auto‐and cross‐spectral density is to increase the analysis bandwidth and accept the resulting decrease in resolution. For cross‐spectral estimates, however, there is a danger that the estimates will be low, low by perhaps orders of magnitude, if the analysis band is too wide. The band must be so narrow that both the phase angle and the magnitude of the cross spectrum remain relatively constant over the band. Because of the phase requirement, estimates of cross spectra usually require narrower bands than do autospectral estimates (which are insensitive to phase). This limitation is common to both digital and analog estimates. Several case histories are discussed where errors resulted from excessively wide bands. The bandwidth limitations associated with several physical systems are discussed in terms of phase velocities. It is ...


Zhao Buzhi was forced to retire to his homeland and live in seclusion during his old age because of the party struggles.His poems written during those period expressed differently his complicated contradictory minds and emotions,such as the comfort of living in the field and loving the pastoral life,the indignation at being removed from office,the sorrow of being disappointed,and the contradictory feeling of seeking for leisure and lingering in fame.


Two tasks of communication in a multi-hop synchronous radio network are considered: point-to-point communication and broadcast (sending a message to all nodes of a network). Efficient protocols for both problems are presented. Even though the protocols are probabilistic, it is shown how to acknowledge messages deterministically. Let n, D, and ∆ be the number of nodes, the diameter and the maximum degree of our network, respectively. Both protocols require a setup phase in which a BFS tree is constructed. This phase takes O ((n + Dlogn)log∆) time. After the setup, k point-to-point transmissions require O ((k +D)log∆) time on the average. Therefore the network allows a new transmission every O (log∆) time slots. Also, k broadcasts require an average of O ((k +D)log∆logn) time. Hence the average throughput of the network is a broadcast every O(log∆logn) time slots. Both protocols pipeline the messages along the BFS tree. They are always successful on the graph spanned by the BFS tree. Their probabilistic behavior refers only to the running time. Using the above protocols the ranking problem is solved in O (nlognlog∆) time. The performance analysis of both protocols constitutes a new application of queueing theory.


Abstract:We report a case of a 53-year-old woman with ductal carcinoma in situ of the right breast. Skin-sparing mastectomy and single-stage reconstruction of the right breast with a "buried" free deep inferior epigastric perforator flap was performed. Classic clinical monitoring was not possible du


Teachers can modify their instructional strategies with minimal training and effort, and this can result in increases in their students' self-efficacy. Self-efficacy judgments are based on four sources of information: an individual's own past performance, vicarious experiences of observing the performances of others, verbal persuasion that one possesses certain capabilities, and physiological states. Individuals use these four sources of information to judge their capability to complete future tasks. Teachers who capitalize on the influence of the strongest of these sources—past performances, observations of others as models, and verbal persuasion—produce more confident students. The following instructional strategies increase student self-efficacy: • Reviewing lesson accomplishments from the previous day, posting the current lesson's objectives prior to instruction, drawing attention to the lesson objectives as they are covered, and reviewing the lesson objectives at the end of the lesson. • Asking students to record each day on a calendar something new they learned that day or something at which they excelled. • Prompting students who perform poorly to attribute their failures to lack of effort and encouraging them to try harder. • Drawing students' attention to their growth and complimenting them on their specific skills. • Using student models early to demonstrate some aspects of a lesson to remind them that other students like themselves are mastering the material and therefore they can master it also. Teachers who use these strategies on a daily basis produce students who are more confident in their academic skills.


Objective To investigate the application of electrical double frequency index( BIS) feedback closed loop target control infusion( CL-TCI) in electronic enteroscopy. Methods Sixty patients with enteroscopy( through the mouth) inspection were randomly divided into three groups: BIS as control variable of the closed loop CL-TCI propofol with open loop remifentanyl TCI group( group A),target-controlled infusion propofol with remifentanyl( group B) and constant speed infusion propofol with remifentanyl group( group C),20 cases in each group. The mean arterial pressure( MAP),heart rate( HR),pulse oxygenation( SpO 2),BIS,induction time,awakening time,orientation recovery time,and the adverse effects such as respiratory depression,body motion and bucking were recorded and compared,before anesthesia( T 0),disappearance of the eyelash reflex after sleeping( T 1),while the small intestine enteroscopy insertion( T 2),passingthrough the Treitz ligament( T 3) and the end of examination after extraction( T 4). Results MAP,HR were declined at T 1 time in all groups compared with T 0 time point( P 0. 05). MAP,HR in group B were lower than group A( P 0. 05) at T 2,T 3, T 4 time points. The BIS value of group B was less than that in group A( P 0. 05) at T 2,T 3,T 4 time points,group C was instability. Induction time of group C was faster than that in group A and B( P 0. 05); awakening time and departure time from hospital of group A were faster than these in group B and C( P 0. 05). Respiratory depression,body movement,cough and intraoperative awareness no found in group A and B; in C group,two patients appeared respiratory depression,four patients appeared body movement. Propofol consumption of group A was less than that in group B and C( P 0. 05). Conclusion BIS feedback CL-TCI of propofol and remifentanyl in the application of electronic enteroscopy madethe vital signs more smoothly,the dosage of propofol less,recovery time,awakening time and departure time from hospital decrease.


Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is endogenously produced from sulfur containing amino acids, including homocysteine and exerts neuroprotective effects. An increase of homocysteine during pregnancy impairs fetal growth and development of the offspring due to severe oxidative stress. We analyzed the effects of the H2S donor—sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) administered to female rats with hyperhomocysteinemia (hHcy) on behavioral impairments and levels of oxidative stress of their offspring. Rats born from females fed with control or high methionine diet, with or without H2S donor injections were investigated. Rats with maternal hHcy exhibit increased levels of total locomotor activity and anxiety, decreased muscle endurance and motor coordination, abnormalities of fine motor control, as well as reduced spatial memory and learning. Oxidative stress in brain tissues measured by activity of glutathione peroxidases and the level of malondialdehyde was higher in rats with maternal hHcy. Concentrations of H2S and the activity and expression of the H2S generating enzyme—cystathionine-beta synthase—were lower compared to the control group. Administration of the H2S donor to females with hHcy during pregnancy prevented behavioral alterations and oxidative stress of their offspring. The acquisition of behavioral together with biochemical studies will add to our knowledge about homocysteine neurotoxicity and proposes H2S as a potential agent for therapy of hHcy associated disorders.


Abstract Today's security engineer cannot do his job in the same fashion he did ten or twenty years ago. He has to rely not only on his computer skills to make sure his systems are properly secured, but he also has to know what regulations will impact him in his line of business and how to respond to them. He needs to know how to apply his technology effectively while achieving the best use of money and time.


This study investigates contemporary Swedish crime fiction through a quantitative content analysis of 116 Swedish crime fiction novels published 1998–2015 and written by the most successful authors ...


Most educators and scholars rely on the methodological and analytical content they received during their doctoral training to build and sustain their research careers. Thus, when designing new investigations, faculty members often rely on the design, measurement, and analytical techniques they learned during their formative training. In the past, this strategy worked well for most investigators in social work and other social sciences. In recent years, however, an increase in the sophistication of quantitative techniques and a proliferation of the software used to analyze complex data mean that not only content but also research techniques mastered during doctoral training are outdated more quickly than in the past. In fact, methodological and analytical approaches to social research, which evolve constantly, render old methods less useful or even inappropriate in some cases. Therefore, keeping pace with relevant advances in quantitative methodology and analysis is critical to competing successfully for external funding and advancing knowledge about individual and social problems. DESIGN AND ANALYTICAL ADVANCES Many new and sophisticated design, measurement, and analysis strategies have been introduced in social research in the past decade. For example, recent methodological and analytical developments have made possible overcoming challenges like attrition in efficacy and effectiveness trials. Once an unknown and uncertain process, multiple imputation strategies for handling missing data have become common practice in longitudinal studies (Schafer & Graham, 2002). Such strategies are particularly common today in randomized trials assessing the efficacy or effectiveness of prevention programs or social interventions (Graham, Olchowski, & Gilreath, 2007). Similarly, innovative methods to deal with selection effects that use techniques such as propensity analyses have been introduced in intervention research (Fraser, 2004). Yet another example is evident in advances in estimating power, a thorny problem that has been made less complicated by advances in specialized software programs (Raudenbush & Bryk, 2002). Achieving mastery of new analytical techniques may be challenging to experienced investigators who did not previously receive adequate training in similar approaches. For instance, once the exception, statistical methods known variously as multilevel, hierarchical, or mixed models are now used frequently to answer increasingly complicated research questions related to the onset and persistence of selected behaviors and outcomes. Similarly, an increase in group-randomized trials (GRTs) has led to numerous analytical advances necessary to analyze data collected in schools and community prevention experiments (for example, Jenson & Dieterich, 2007; Jenson, Dieterich, Rinner, Washington, & Burgoyne, 2006). That is, when randomization is done at the group level, treatment effects need to be analyzed at the group level. For example, in a study where schools are randomly assigned to treatment and control conditions, the denominator degrees of freedom for a test of the difference between the means of the control and experimental schools is not based on the number of students but rather on the number of schools in the study. Thus, the appropriate statistical models in a GILT partition both random and fixed effects at the student-, classroom-, and school-levels. It is important to note that the use of such models has a significant effect on the sample size and power requirements in a study. This brief discussion barely scratches the surface of recent developments in quantitative methodology. Additional issues and recommendations pertaining to design sampling, power, and analysis are found in the recent social work literature (for example, Fraser, 2004; Jenson et al., 2006; LeCroy & Krysik, 2007; Nash, Kupper, & Fraser, 2004). Readers may also wish to examine important papers from other disciplines that summarize new approaches to preventing or handling complex methodological and analytical issues in social research (for example, Muthen, 2002; Murray, Varnell, & Blitstein, 2004; Raudenbush & Bryk, 2002; Singer & Willett, 2003). …


With the rapid development of science technology, and the more and more intensify of modernization process, the problem of man's subjective nature has been risen a query and challenge unprecedentedly. Should man encourage subjective nature or eliminate it?And can it be eliminated?This article discusses the thoughts of subjective nature of Daolism, analyzes its deficiency and practical signification.


In this paper, a new undamaged method to measure radius of optical sphere is presented .The diameter of circle where the optical plane and the virtual image of optical sphere intersect and the corresponding bilge can be measured with zero order and black fringe of white light interference fringes of Michelson interferometer.Then the radius of optical sphere can be calculated.In the process of measurement ,optical sphere is not damaged due to the measuring force, and more,there is no special requirement to fix optical sphere, the error factors are less and it proved that this method is valuable.


A multi-dimensional two phase model was used to compute gas solid flow in a CFB. The conservation equations for both solid and gas were solved directly. The constitutive relations for solid phase were derived from kinetic theory of granular flow. Local solid concentration and solid flux were measured by means of a γ-ray densitometer and non-isokinetic extraction probe, respectively. Power spectrum density of solid concentration was calculated using FFT method. The model predicts the most important aspects of a riser, including phase velocities and concentration distribution throughout a riser. The simulations show agreement well with experimental results.


The effect of anisodamine on arachidonic acid metabolism in macrophages was studied. The results indicated that the synthesis of PGI2, TXA2 and PGF2 alpha stimulated by phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) and calcium ionophore A23187 was dose and time-dependently inhibited by anisodamine, and preincubation of the cells with anisodamine significantly decreased subsequent PMA and A23187-stimulated synthesis of prostaglandins. An isodamine failed to inhibit exogenous arachidonic acid-stimulated synthesis of prostaglandins. It is suggested that the site of action of anisodamine could be the phospholipase A2 reaction.


A subset of an Abelian group has unique differences if for all nonzeros. when viewed as additive noise, sets with unique differences amplify the output entropy as much as possible for a large class of input distributions, which is known as entropy amplification property. Aperiodic (noise) distributions arise as extreme cases in the investigation of the rate loss in side information problems such as channel coding with additive interference known at the encoder and lossy source coding with side information at the decoder. The decoder outputs a reconstruction, which is required to satisfy a distortion constraint. Reconstructing the clean source with some distortion is equivalent to reconstructing the encrypted source with the same distortion. Using the EAP, the rate loss can be arbitrarily large and arbitrarily close to 100%.


The coefficients of new analytical forms through Laguerre functions for the deuteron wave function in coordinate space for NijmI, NijmII, Nijm93, Reid93 and Argonne v18 potentials have been numerically calculated. The obtained wave functions do not contain any superfluous knots. The designed parameters of the deuteron are in good agreement with the experimental and theoretical data. The tensor polarization t20 calculated based on the wave functions is proportionate to the earlier published results. c ⃝ Electronic Journal of Theoretical Physics. All rights reserved.


According to the principles of ratio-humanism, the author stresses the role of mediating means in the interaction of humanitarian and scientistic traditions in psychology, particularly in the elaboration of the category of personality. The role of system approach as of such a mediator is shown. A specific mediator is described, namely the two-levels model of the category-notional apparatus of human sciences. The conception of personality as of an individual mode of culture and of an integrative person's quality is characterized.


CO2 emission all over the world is constantly on the rise. In recent years, CO2 capture technology has been improved and innovated. Phosphogypsum (PG) is a solid product of industrial solid waste with an increasing annual accumulation. The research of this paper has carried out thermal decomposition of phosphogypsum under the reduction atmosphere to produce byproduct CaS and mineralization capture of CO2 in a gas–liquid–solid three-phase fluidized bed reactor. Results show that the fluidized bed is more effective and can effectually shorten the reaction time. Meanwhile, different liquid–solid (L/S) ratios, temperatures, and pressures have been researched to study the theory of CO2 capture by phosphogypsum. It has been found that the lower the L/S ratio is, the higher the CO2 capture capacity is. At the same time, theoretical calculations show that high temperature promotes the decomposition of CaCO3, thereby inhibiting the capture of CO2, so the whole carbonation process is operated under ambient temperat...


Struma Ovarii is a unique type of ovarian teratoma which occurs when thyroid tissue constitutes 50% or more of the tumour. Most of these tumors are benign, however malignant transformation happens in less than 3%. Thyroid carcinomas can occur as distal metastasis with malignant struma ovarii (MSO) however, their diagnosis and treatment remain debatable.

 We report on a case of a 48-year-old woman whose MSO was discovered accidentally during a clinical trial. An ultrasound (US) depicted a complex left adnexal mass, which an MRI subsequently confirmed. The mass measured 4.5cmx 2.5cmx 5.0cm, a strong Doppler blood flow, and nodularity were noted. Salpingo-oopherectomy, omentectomy, appendicectomy, and left pelvic and para-aortic lymph node dissection were performed. The postoperative histopathological assessment of the tumour confirmed the diagnosis of MSO. The patient was then reviewed by a head and neck multi-disciplinary meeting. A 6mm thyroid nodule was located on the left lobe, and the cytology was reported as negative on fine needle aspiration (FNA). Nonetheless, the patient was treated with a radical thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine. Post-operative histopathology reported thyroid carcinoma, despite the negative cytology on FNA. No recurrence was noted.

 This case highlights the importance of radical treatment of the thyroid in patients with MSO. Accurate preoperative diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma secondary to MSO is difficult, since pathological diagnosis is the gold standard. Our case showed that a radical treatment of thyroid with surgery and radioactive iodine minimises the risk of local and distal recurrences.


In modern era, the applications of wireless network increases rapidly due to diverse requirement of the users. It consists of several static as well as dynamic nodes to achieve the purposes of the users. The nodes of this network are consist of limited capacity of the batteries which is insufficient during any mission. In this paper, an optimal routing formation technique is design using fusion of game theory and geometric programming. The proposed method is validated in mathematical software LINGO with linear model in terms of energy consumption and network lifetime.


The effect of a nonuniform electric field on the formation, coalescence and detachment of air bubbles injected into a stagnant, isothermal liquid through an orifice is studied to identify characteristic bubble behavior patterns. The results of the experimental visualization suggest significant differences in bubble shape and size caused by the electric field. The electric field was applied between a flat, circular and horizontal ground electrode and a spherical, off-axis top electrode. During formation the bubble was tilted towards or away from the upper electrode under the influence of the electric field. The direction of the tilt alternated (even in a single experiment), however, in the majority of the cases the bubble trajectory tilted towards the top electrode. The detachment frequency increased under the influence of the electric field, which indicates decreased bubble volume for lower volume flow rates. The effect of the electric field on vertical bubble coalescence was analyzed and quantified in terms of the detachment time.Copyright © 2006 by ASME


The invention provides a message channel burst flow detection method based on an ASIC. The method comprises the steps of obtaining the current count of a message outlet interface when a message plan is forwarded, comparing the current count with a corresponding burst flow threshold value, and when the current count is larger than the burst flow threshold value, judging that the message outlet interface is in the burst flow state. Compared with the prior art, the message channel burst flow detection method and device based on the ASIC judges whether the outlet interface of a message channel is in the burst flow state or not by obtaining the current count of the message outlet interface, precisely monitors the network fault, and meets the increasingly-improved requirements for safety in the network and monitoring refining.


The study presented in this paper examines the development of self-efficacy with regard to solving tasks on algorithmic thinking and programming. N = 8 novices in programming are assessed at three measurement points within one semester each time before and after they are put into a situation to solve algorithmic thinking and programming tasks. Their assumptions on being confident in solving the task and possible indicators of why the programming task was perceived as easy or not are qualitatively assessed. In order to get a deeper insight into the instructional setting, the instructional quality, task quality, and student-centered learning climate was additionally assessed. The results of this study provide implications for designing learning and instructional design in pre-service computer science teachers' seminars.


In this paper, the experimental phonetics method is used to study the monosyllabic tone of Taihe dialect. 288 recorded language materials were analysed by Praat speech analysis software, and the fundamental frequency data were extracted and normalized to obtain the tonic type and value of the tones of Taihe dialect, which were 213 for the level tone, 44 for the rising tone, 23 for the falling-rising tone, and 52 for the falling tone. Compared with the traditional investigation results of single-character tone in Taihe, the tone type and tone value of the level tone have not changed greatly, while the tone types of the rising tone, the falling-rising tone, and the falling tone have not changed basically, and the tone values have all decreased. Then, the duration of the vowel part was extracted and the tonic length of the Taihe dialect was analysed, and it was found that the duration of the level tone was the longest, followed by the falling-rising tone and rising tone, and finally the tonic length of the falling tone was the shortest.


The interaction of Ln3+ cations (La3+, Eu3+, Gd3+ and Lu3+) with bidentate model ligands L (L = β-diketone (β-CO), β-thiodiketone (β-CS) and β-phosphine oxide (β-PO)) has been investigated using density functional theory (DFT/B3PW91) and the MP2 method. The metal–ligand bonds have been investigated with the help of the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) and an energy decomposition analysis. On the basis of the QTAIM results, it can be concluded that, although being mainly ionic, the Ln–L bond can present donation and back-donation that can be assessed separately. Moreover, there is a little more S to Ln sigma donation than O to Ln sigma donation and the donation interaction increases in the order β-CO < β-PO < β-CS. The role of water molecule coordination is also investigated by a comparison of the and [LnL3 H2O]3+ complexes. The mean Ln L distances increase slightly from to [LnL3 H2O]3+. Both the B3PW91 and MP2 methods reveal that the addition of a water molecule to complexes leads to a marked decrease in the Ln L interaction energies due to the additional charge donation of the water molecule towards Ln and the increased steric crowding around the cation.


Purpose: To investigate the correlation between the MRI findings of cerebral fat embolism induced by injecting linoleic acid into ten cats, and pathologic diagnosis. Materials and Methods: Using a microcatheter, 30 μl of linoleic acid was injected into the internal carotid artery of ten cats. MR T2-weighted (T2WI), diffusion-weighted (DWI), and Gd-enhanced T1-weighted images (Gd-enhanced T1WI) were obtained after 30 minutes and after 2 hours of embolization. We pathlogically ex-amined endothelial cell damage, cellular change, perivascular abnormality and fat vacuoles, and then determined the correlation between MRI and the pathologic findings. Results: After 30 minutes of embolization, lesions of very high signal intensity were detected by T2WI in six cats, and of slightly high signal intensity in two; in the remaining two, signal intensity was normal. DWI showed lesions of very high intensity in nine animals and of slightly high intensity in one, while Gd-enhanced T1WI showed well-enhanced lesions in nine and a minimally enhanced lesion in one. After 2 hours of em-bolization, T2WI revealed lesions of very high signal intensity in nine cats, and of slightly high signal intensity in one, while DWI detected lesions of very high signal intensity in all cats. On Gd-enhanced T1WI, lesions in all cats were well enhanced. According to the findings of light microscopic examination, infarcted lesions mainly involved the gray matter, but also some white matter. In the lesions, neurophil matrix edema, neuronal degeneration, perivascular swelling, the widening of extracellular space, extravascular hemorrhage, and fat vacuoles were evident. Conclusion: During the initial two hours following injection, MR imaging of cerebral fat embolism induced by linoleic acid through the internal carotid artery in cats showed high signal intensity on T2WI and DWI, and clear enhancement on Gd-enhanced T1WI. In cases involving cellular edema, cerebrovascular injury and extracellular space widening, the pathologic evidence suggested the coexistence of cytotoxic and vasogenic edema.


Hypothetical Exam 2, (Chapter 8 in Thomas, Weir, Hass, and Giordano, 11th Ed.) December 23, 1805 S. K. Hyde Name: Show all your work to receive credit. All answers must be justified to get full credit. These questions are intended to give students in Math 112 some idea of the types of questions which could be asked on an exam. The questions may not cover all of the topics which will be on your exam (and they may cover more topics than are on your exam). The length of your exam may be shorter than this practice exam. Working these problems is not a substitute for studying your notes, reading the book, or doing homework problems.


An investor with constant relative risk aversion trades a safe and several risky assets with constant investment opportunities. For a small fixed transaction cost, levied on each trade regardless of its size, we explicitly determine the leading-order corrections to the frictionless value function and optimal policy.


Formation of the structure in a copper-zinc catalyst for methanol synthesis is analyzed at each step of its preparation including hydrogen activation at which catalytically active species are formed. The necessary interaction of the catalyst components in fresh precipitates is provided by formation of mixed copper-zinc hydroxocarbonates. On low-temperature calcination, the interaction is preserved due to the formation of mixed copper-zinc oxides modified by OH - and CO 3 2- anions with copper ions distributed as clusters in a zinc oxide-type structure. The activation with hydrogen results in formation of a proton-stabilized system of zinc oxide with epitaxially bound metallic copper. Both the chemical bond cleavage and spatial phase segregation at any step of the catalyst preparation result in the loss of its catalytic activity.


To describe patterns of care in New South Wales for men with prostate cancer, and to ascertain factors associated with receiving different types of treatment.


Conjugated enynes undergo free-radical selenosulfonation under either photochemical or thermal conditions with Se-phenyl p-tolueneselenosulfonate (1). Addition to the triple bond occurred preferentially with enynes having an acetylenic terminus affording 1,2-adducts 10-12, as well as the 1,4-adduct. [2,3] sigmatropic rearrangement of the selenoxides of the 1,2-adducts 10-12 produced the sulfonyl-substituted allenic alcohols. The rearrangement was stereospecific, providing that excess oxidant was employed and the reaction promptly worked up


The increased possibilities for geographical separation of the production process have given rise to a growing interest for trade in intermediate goods in the international trade literature. Thanks to trade in parts and components, but also in services and other immaterial products, developing countries have been able to enter the global trade scene to a greater extent than before. This paper analyzes the trade effects of the customs union between the European Union and Turkey, implemented in 1996. Specifically, a set of gravity equations are used in order to analyze how the intra-EU export flows of intermediate- vis-a-vis other goods have been affected. That is, how the integration of Turkey into the EU market has affected the trade flows between a selection of Southern- and Northern EU member countries. The results reveal that the intra-EU exports of the Southern EU have experienced a greater reduction in its exports compared to the Northern EU, especially in exports of other than intermediate goods.


By the negative staining technique both Bittner and influenza viruses are pleomorphic and have similar fringed surfaces. The present study revealed that Bittner virus had one characteristic form consisting of a head approximately 1000 Å. in diameter and a tail up to 3000 Å. long. On storage at −20° C. Bittner virus broke down to reveal a round internal component of 750 Å. diameter. Influenza virus did not break down on storage at −20° C. but a small number of spontaneously disrupted particles revealed that the internal component was in the form of a coil. The circular internal component of Bittner virus is presumed to be spherical and corresponds to the previously described type A particles as seen by negative staining. The complete enveloped particle corresponds to the type B particle of thin sectioning. It is suggested that the thinly sectioned mature type B particle may be a degenerate form of the so-called immature type B particle. In addition, it is suggested that certain murine RNA tumour viruses may have a morphology distinctive to them.


In article the phenomenon of the concept «irony» of the art text is considered. The author gives the characteristic to the most significant aspects of studying of irony. The irony, according to the author, represents the main lines of consciousness of the modern person, is diverse opening them in art and philosophical works of the XX-XXI centuries.


The present paper deals with the part which building materials can play in providing protection against gamma rays, for workers and others in the vicinity of radium "bombs". Transmission measurements were conducted with narrow beams and also with wider beams under every-day conditions when the influence of scattered radiation is almost always pronounced. The materials tested were full-scale walls of brickwork from 4 to 23 inches thick, and solid steel doors up to 3½ inches thick, as well as smaller specimens of lead, iron, aluminium, brick, coke-breeze and concrete of various thicknesses. Up to several grammes of radium were used as a source of radiation, and the transmission measurements were made by means of thick air-walled ionisation chambers, so as to simulate the conditions relating to deep-seated tissue. It is customary to regard the absorption of gamma rays by different materials as proportional to their densities, but the present results show that while the relationship is sufficiently exact for ...


This study aims to find out the general description of the rattan processing business in the study area, knowing the management of rattan processing into furniture in the study areaand knowing the magnitude of the analysis of added value produced from rattan processing into furniture in the study area.This research was carried out in the Rotancraf processing industry of SMKN-2 Katingan Hilir, Katingan Regency, Jenderal Sudirman No. 2 Kilometer 8 Kereng Humbang Kasongan. Site selection is done purposive based on certain considerations adjusted to the research objectives on the grounds that the location of the research is the only rattan processing industry in the Katingan Hilir District. Data sources used in this study include primary data and secondary data. Primary data is data data obtained from the results of direct interviews with respondents and assisted with a questionnaire. Secondary data are data obtained from other sources such as journals, research reports, theses, internet sites, textbooks and from several government agencies related to research. The results of this study indicate that the added value obtained for rattan chairs is Rp.2.561.000 (two million fivehundred sixty one thousand rupiah). While the added value for rattan bags is Rp.2.648.000(two million six hundred forty eight thousand rupiah).


Photoelectron spectra measured in the attosecond quantum beat spectroscopy experiment on helium were computed solving the single-electron time-dependent Schrdinger equation. Final momenta of photoelectrons were obtained from the probability flux at the boundary of the simulation region using the time-dependent surface flux (t-SURFF) method [1]. Reaching a very good agreement with the experimental results, simulations allow for deeper understanding of processes underlying the quantum beating, which-way interference and polarization of the excited state.


...................................................................................................................... iv ACKNOWLEGEMENT ..................................................................................................... v CHAPTER ONE ................................................................................................................. 1 The Importance of the Industrial Revolution in Organizational Communication .......... 3 Leadership Communication in Organizations ............................................................ 6 The Communication of Corporate Social Responsibility, Diversity, and Inclusion in Organizations .................................................................................................................. 8 Corporate Social Responsibility ..................................................................................... 9 Diversity and Inclusion ............................................................................................. 13 Summary ....................................................................................................................... 17 CHAPTER TWO .............................................................................................................. 19 Scientific Management Theory ..................................................................................... 20 Classical Management Theory ...................................................................................... 24 The Theory of Bureaucracy .......................................................................................... 27 Corporate Social Responsibility in the Classical Approach ......................................... 36 Diversity and Inclusion ................................................................................................. 39 Summary ....................................................................................................................... 46 CHAPTER THREE .......................................................................................................... 48 Chester I. Barnard and Peer to Peer Communication ................................................... 50 Elton Mayo"s Hawthorne Studies ................................................................................. 53 Abraham Maslow"s Hierarchy of Needs ....................................................................... 57


50 Wynford Drive Toronto, ON M3C 1J7 te lephone 416-441-1111 tol l -free 1-800-619-7301 fax 416-441-2825 www.presbyter ian.ca Truth and Reconciliation Commission Call to Action # 48 United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples The Presbyterian Church in Canada March 29, 2016 When survivors of residential schools began to speak their truth, members of The Presbyterian Church in Canada started to understand the consequences of our involvement in running residential schools. Many members of the denomination attended the national, regional or community events of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission and witnessed the painful and courageous testimonies of survivors. These testimonies are sacred moments to be honoured. The Presbyterian Church in Canada's Confession (1994) concerning the harm done to Indigenous children in the residential schools run by The Presbyterian Church in Canada ends with these words: With God's guidance our Church will seek opportunities to walk with Aboriginal peoples to find healing and wholeness together as God's people.


Detection of facial feature points is an important technique used for biometric authentication and facial expression estimation. A facial feature point is a local point indicating both ends of the eye, holes of the nose, and end points of the mouth in the face image. Many researches on face feature point detection have been done so far, but the accuracy of facial organ point detection is improving by the approach usingConvolutional Neural Network (CNN). However, CNN not only takes time to learn but also the neural network becomes a complicated model, so it is necessary to improve learning time and detection accuracy. In this research, the improvement of the detection accuracy of the learning speed is improved by increasing the convolution layer.


The occurrence of financial and economic disruption along with major disorders in economic activities generated, the labor market, a major unemployment rate sizing, effect which required finding new solutions in order to restore the economic balance. Therefore the European strategies to develop a knowledge-based economy promote the work-integrated learning policy that acts in synergy with the financial-economic cohesion policy and with the information society development initiative in order to highly capitalize new informational technologies, action that can create the socio-economic progress preconditions.


Microbial damage to raw cotton is a common problem in many parts of the world, and tests currently available to identify and quantify it are reviewed and evaluated. These tests include cuprammonium hydroxide fluidity tests, pH determinations, re ducing sugar determinations, microscopic techniques, and staining methods. The tests have been used to evaluate possible microbial damage to cotton from two Australian growing seasons. Between-laboratory variations in the use of these methods are dis cussed. Shadecloth and overhead sprinklers are used in field plots to simulate adverse weather conditions and promote microbial damage. The effect of microbial damage on the color difference between dyed lots is also determined.


Landing on celestial bodies typically includes a free fall to the body surface and requires energy dissipation. Landing sites can exhibit many uncertainties, especially in surface parameters. There...


This paper describes an assessment of two site-specific Environment Improvement Plans (EIPs) significant to the residents of the City of Hobsons Bay, an inner western municipality of Melbourne comprising the suburbs of Spotswood, Newport, Williamstown, Altona, Brooklyn, Seabrooke and Laverton. The Environment Protection Authority (EPA) initiated environment Improvement Plans (EIPs) in 1989. There is limited available published material associated with the workings of the EIP development process. The project explored the initial experiences of participants in the development of an EIP to identify key issues critical for the success of the process. Some of the important functional issues covered included logistics, committee support, representation, trust and group dynamics. Success may depend upon how the key participants feel about the process. The two EIPs, which formed the basis of the project, were the Peerless Holdings P/L (Pridham) EIP located at Merino St, Laverton, Victoria, and the Mobil Refinery EIP located at Altona, Victoria. Overall, the project showed that the EIP process is a successful tool for industry to use in minimising environmental pollution. Prior to the implementation of EIPs both sites were experiencing significant environmental pollution problems. These reduced dramatically after the introduction of an EIP. The project confirmed that complacency from all stakeholders, and in particular industry, looms as the largest threat to undermining the success of the EIP process. The project has revealed that local residents need to be better represented and supported and that strategies need to be developed to increase community interest in the process. The project also assessed the application of EIPs within a local neighbourhood context, which confirmed that the issues around developing a proactive approach require further investigation.


1 Mutations of specific amino acids were introduced in transmembrane domains (TM) of GABAA receptor a2, b1 and g2L subunits. The eAects of these mutations on the action of ethanol were studied using the Xenopus oocyte expression system and two-electrode voltage-clamp recording techniques. 2 Mutant a2 subunits containing S270I (TM2) or A291W (TM3) made the receptor more sensitive to GABA, as compared to wild-type a2b1g2L receptor. The mutation S265I (TM2) of b1 and S280I (TM2) or S301W (TM3) in g2L subunits did not alter apparent aAnity of the receptor for GABA. M286W (TM3) in the b1 subunit resulted in a receptor that was tonically open. 3U sing an EC5 concentration of GABA, the function of the wild-type receptor with a2b1g2L subunits was potentiated by ethanol (50‐200 mM). The mutations in TM2 or TM3 of the a2 subunit diminished the potentiation by ethanol. The action of ethanol was also eliminated with a mutation in the TM2 site of the b1 subunit. Ethanol produced significant inhibition of GABA responses in receptors containing the combination of a2 and b1 TM2 mutants with a wild-type g2L subunit. A small but significant reduction in the potentiation by ethanol was observed with g2L TM2 and/or TM3 mutants. 4 From these results, we suggest that in heteromeric GABAA receptors composed of the a, b and g subunits, ethanol may bind in a cavity formed by TM2 and TM3, and that binding to the a or b subunit may be more critical than the g subunit.


Hardware designated for functional and odor containment requires a method in which to be validated. Odor containment validation testing provides designers and users odor breakthrough time and the acceptability of any odors after breakthrough occurs. To obtain this data a methodology was developed incorporating use-scenario packaging and conditioning, control comparisons, gas analysis monitoring, waste-to-free volume simulation, and a controlled human evaluation. This publication provides a summary of the various technical issues addressed and the final method developed and implemented at WSTF for evaluation of odor containment.


Areas of the visual cortex respond to broad categories of objects (e.g. animate vs. inanimate objects). Ground truth for the specificity of function in these regions is established by lesioning the area in question. We seek to provide evidence of the representation of similar broad object categories in deep neural networks (DNNs) pre-trained on ImageNet. Prior neural network ablation studies have shown that single-unit and unit-pair ablations can negatively affect the overall performance of a model. However, selecting multiple units that interact as a functionally-specific group is challenging. To do so, we borrow an approach from the analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging data in which we cluster units based on the similarity of their functional activation. We begin by clustering DNN units based on similarity in their average responses, then ablate each cluster and measure the specificity of the resulting performance deficit. These cluster ablation studies identified groups of units with performance deficits specific to the animate and inanimate objects with a differential effect of up to 66% in the test data set. Clusters of inanimate-specific units have similar activation profiles and are more prominent in later layers, similar to findings from neuroscience. Clusters of animate-specific units are also more common in later layers but show more distributed patterns of activation. This result provides evidence of groups of units in DNNs that are functionally selective for some broad image categories. We note that a similar approach could also be used to improve computational performance, through targeted pruning, and to remove bias from pre-trained artificial neural networks.


This paper briefly comprises the research, ideas and techniques for creating the sound component of the 'Tertulia' project, an art installation composed in collaboration with visual artist Eduardo Molinari and produced by the 23 rd Eurokaz Festival, realized at Mirogoj Cemetery in Zagreb during the early summer of 2009. Spectral Modeling techniques are discussed in relation to the micro-and macro-structure of the project, as well as to their poetic potency. The relations between sound and space within the context of 'Tertulia' are also revisited through the perspective of spectral transformations over time.


Abstract The titled 2,1‐benzazaphosphole (1) (i. e. ArP, where Ar=2‐(DippN=CH)C6H4, Dipp=2,6‐iPr2C6H3) showed a spectacular reactivity behaving both as a reactive heterodiene in hetero‐Diels‐Alder (DA) reactions or as a hidden phosphinidene in the coordination toward selected transition metals (TMs). Thus, 1 reacts with electron‐deficient alkynes RC≡CR (R=CO2Me, C5F4N) giving 1‐phospha‐1,4‐dihydro‐iminonaphthalenes 2 and 3, that undergo hydrogen migration producing 1‐phosphanaphthalenes 4 and 5. Compound 1 is also able to activate the C=C double bond in selected N‐alkyl/aryl‐maleimides RN(C(O)CH)2 (R=Me, tBu, Ph) resulting in the addition products 7–9 with bridged bicyclic [2.2.1] structures. The binding of the maleimides to 1 is semi‐reversible upon heating. By contrast, when 1 was treated with selected TM complexes, it serves as a 4e donor bridging two TMs thus producing complexes [μ‐ArP(AuCl)2] (10), [(μ‐ArP)4Ag4][X]4 (X=BF4 (11), OTf (12)) and [μ‐ArP(Co2(CO)6)] (13). The structure and electron distribution of the starting material 1 as well as of other compounds were also studied from the theoretical point of view.