The invention LC conditioning the voltage-controlled oscillator (voltage-controlled oscillator: VCO) that the reconstruction is used for the multi-band multi-mode radio transceiver capable inductor that can switch the capacitor bank built in order to generate the frequency of a broadband multi-band relates to It is a structure. Adaptive emitter of the present invention degenerates the adaptability to the place of the tail current source to compensate for the imbalance in the oscillation amplitude by a capacitor bank in the LC conditioning the voltage-controlled oscillator with a built-in negative resistance cell emitter-degenerated above using the negative resistance cell tail It prevents the phase noise degradation of the LC conditioning the voltage-controlled oscillator by the current source. LC conditioning the voltage-controlled oscillator of the present invention, an inductance portion for providing an inductive component for determining a frequency of the oscillation wave; Determining a frequency of the oscillation wave, and the discrete capacitor bank for providing a capacitance component which is determined discretely in response to a control bit; And to regulate the amplitude of the oscillation wave, part, which is determined discretely in accordance with the control bit - is characterized in that it comprises a discrete negative resistance cell to provide a reactance component (). A voltage controlled oscillator, VCO, LC oscillator, a multi-band oscillator, a tail current source


This paper aims to address the single image gaze target detection problem. Conventional methods either focus on 2D visual cues or exploit additional depth information in a very coarse manner. In this work, we propose to explicitly and effectively model 3D geometry under challenging scenario where only 2D annotations are available. We first obtain 3D point clouds of given scene with estimated depth and reference objects. Then we figure out the front-most points in all possible 3D directions of given person. These points are later leveraged in our ESCNet model. Specifically, ESCNet consists of geometry and scene parsing modules. The former produces an initial heatmap inferring the probability that each front-most point has been looking at according to estimated 3D gaze direction. And the latter further explores scene contextual cues to regulate detection results. We validate our idea on two publicly available dataset, GazeFollow and VideoAttentionTarget, and demon-strate the state-of-the-art performance. Our method also beats the human in terms of AUC on GazeFollow. Our code can be found here https://github.com/bjj9/ESCNet.


Based on a large panel of balance sheets and income statements of Swiss nonfinancial firms from 1998 to 2016, we estimate the sensitivity of the cost of external finance to firm net worth using exogenous variation in net worth. We find that firm net worth is inversely related to the external finance premium, consistent with models featuring financial frictions as in Bernanke, Gertler, and Gilchrist (1999). Through the lens of their costly state verification setup, we provide a range for the monitoring cost implied by our estimated sensitivity of the cost of external finance to net worth. Our implied estimate of the monitoring cost ranges between 15 and 20 percent, consistent with an economically significant financial friction.


This study is an attempt to clarify the history of words for the sweet potato and the potato in Korean. It is generally known that the word 'kokuma' (sweet potato) is a borrowing from 'kōkō-imo', a word used in the Tsushima dialect of Japanese, and the word 'kamca' (potato) is derived from a Sino-Korean word '甘藷'. However there still remain many unresolved problems so that in this paper I will try to explain the historical relationship among various forms used for (sweet) potatoes, by drawing linguistic maps based on the data collected by Ogura Shinpei. One of the most striking findings observed in this study is the geographical distribution of the familiarized forms for these two kinds of crops. A familiarized form refers to a form historically made by attaching a suffix '-i' to animate noun stems, including plants. Both 'kokuma' and 'kamca' have various familiarized forms but their distributions show a clear contrast. In the case of 'kokuma', familiarized forms center around the southern region whereas in the case of 'kamca' they center around the northern region of the Korean peninsula. This can be interpreted as reflecting their routes of transmission.


A proposed technique quantifies the semantic interoperability of open government datasets with three metrics calculated using a set of statements that indicate for each pair of identifiers in the system whether or not they represent the same concept.


The purpose of the present research is to establish bases for the reflection of the issue of school violence and conflict resolution, in the frame of the Law 1620 and the current school environment. The instrument used for the compilation of the information was a survey formed by seven questions, which was applied in five private institutions of the city of Armenia. Starting from the survey three categories are defined, from which is analyzed the school violence. The results of the research show that a large percentage of the private institutions present school violence, and is concluded that is necessary that the School act with autonomy in taking decisions related with this topic.


The issue introduced the research on the automobile breaking noise study,and analyzed the reasons behind it and its features.Meanwhile,the issue also provided several measures to reduce the noise and discussed the future researches on the reducing the noise.


Land use evolution study has become a major stake in urban planning. One of the main challenge is to understand processes behind. Various studies highlight the usefulness of simulation tools in research focusing on land use change. Among simulation tools, Cellular Automata (CA) are well adapted with their geometric properties and potential to identify emerging spatial structures and processes. The transition rules definition is a key step of these CA-based simulations. Indeed, "in the context of urban systems, we often have no idea what the "right" rules are" (Torrens, 2011). In our approach "right rules" should be thematically interpretable rules reproducing observed changes This communication tackles the issue of CA rules creation and proposes to use Decision Tree (DT) to automatically design and calibrate them. The assumption lying behind the process is that land use composition of the neighbourhood has an influence on the transition of a cell. The methodology is developed and tested on Strasbourg-Kehl cross border area with a CorineLandCover dataset Each cell is characterized by variables representing its neighbourhood and geographical location features. The main focus is on cells that underwent a transition from a non-urban to an urban land use in order to address the urban development issue. Results obtained using the decision tree help to create a set of transition rules based on information about the type of neighbourhoods that lead to urban transitions. The efficiency of the DT transition rules sets is evaluated comparing observed land use cover evolution from CorineLandCover database and CA based simulated data.


Tetragold annual ryegrass was introduced and planted in Nanjing area. The growth adaptability and matter accumulation pattern were studied. The results were as follows: tetragold annual ryegrass adapted well to the south region. The yield of whole growth period were 234d. It characterized as high quality grass. With the development of growth period, content of crude protein of the grass decreased, contents of dry matter and crude fibber increased, but the ratio of dry matter changed from high to low to high again. The ratio of dry matter is lowest at the beginning of stem elongating.


My work is a socio-historical study of the institution of the gymnasium in Egypt, of its evolution and role in the assertion of certain aspects of 'Greek identity' in Ptolemaic and early Roman times. It is divided into four sections. (1) Attention is devoted to the study of the gymnasium itself, as institution, analysing its diffusion, foundation, internal organisation and the role played by associations which were hosted therein. The constitution and the characteristics of the governing body (with special attention to the role of the gymnasiarchs) and the financial matters relevant to the gymnasium allow one to draw conclusions on its legal status and social role: it is shown how the gymnasium of Egypt operated in a completely different way from the traditional one which is normally assumed for the Greek poleis, especially of mainland Greece and above all Athens. A possible model of influence is suggested. (2) Starting from the rules of admission into the gymnasium and from the treatment of the outsiders, the social status and social composition of the members of the gymnasium are object of enquiry, focusing on the links with the army and the public administration. It is argued that the gymnasial community should be considered as a complex reality, formed by different components belonging to various levels of the social strata. (3) Educational, religious and recreational activities carried out in the premises of the gymnasium or strictly connected to it are taken into account to give an idea of the 'daily life' of the institution and of the 'behaviour' of its people, which was likely to be the result of a feeling of 'shared identity'. (4) The concluding section draws the attention to the issue of identity of the people of the gymnasium more clearly: relation with the 'others' and idea of Greekness the people of the gymnasium had about themselves (influenced by the rulers' policies), access to gymnasia, onomastics, elite classes, mixed marriages, reception of Egyptian burial methods and cults, advantage of 'going Greek'. It is argued that, although having in the gymnasium the key-element for the assertion of their identity and status of Hellenes, the 'Greeks' of Egypt displayed complex patterns of mixed identities and were thoroughly embedded in the social, cultural, religious, and administrative environment of Egypt.


The sustainability debate has also reached competition law. Companies are calling for a relaxation of the ban on cartels in order to better promote climate protection, for example. At the same time, there is a danger of greenwashing. Against this background, Marilena Friedrich deals with the admissibility of sustainability agreements using the examples of environmental protection and animal welfare. The so-called integration clauses of the TFEU require that these objectives are also taken into account in the ban on cartels. However, substantive antitrust law as well as its procedures and institutions need revising in general, as this work shows on the basis of a thorough analysis, which it combines with innovative proposals de lege ferenda.


In a dual-use ballute system, we use the ballute first, to aerocapture the orbiter, and second, to soft-land the payload. Using Vinh's analytic theory for aerocapture trajectories, we derive expressions for the maximum heating rates, maximum deceleration, and maximum dynamic pressure as functions of the ballistic coefficient and of the capture trajectory, which in turn provides the required size (area/mass ratio) of the ballute. We follow a similar approach in developing an analytic theory for the ballute-lander. We apply our results to Earth (returns), Mars, Titan, and Neptune.


In the presence of coherent electron cooling (CeC), the evolution of the longitudinal profile of a circulating ion bunch can be described by the 1-D Fokker-Planck equation. We show that, in the absence of diffusion, the 1D equation can be solved analytically for certain dependence of cooling force on the synchrotron amplitude. For more general cases with finite diffusion, we solved the 1-D Fokker-Planck equation numerically and the numerical solutions have been used to benchmark our simulation code as well as providing fast estimations of the cooling effects.


An experimental study on the dipole resonance of long high-conducting fibers embedded in an inhomogeneous composite sheet was conducted. The location of the resonance characterizes the effect of the inhomogeneous environment on the electromagnetic response of the fibers. It is shown that the resonance frequency is determined completely by the thickness and permittivity of the composite sheet, in particular, with the anisotropy of the permittivity. No effect due to inhomogeneity of the environment is observed. This is in disagreement with the scale-dependent effective medium theory (SDEMT) that is conventionally exploited to model the permittivity of fiber-filled composites, because this theory shows that the response of the fibers depends on the inhomogeneity scale of the environment. Therefore, although the SDEMT provides qualitative agreement with the observed behavior of fiber-filled composites, it must be further improved to obtain better quantitative agreement with experimental data. The experimental...


: Cloud computing is a totally internet- based technology where customer data is stored and sustain in the data center of a cloud provider like Google, Amazon and Microsoft etc. The two key feature   of this model are user-friendliness and cost- effectiveness. Restricted control over the data may invite various security issues which include data loss, Insecure Interfaces and APIs,   resource Sharing, data availability and inside attacks, Account or Service Hijacking etc. There are various challenges also there for adopting cloud computing like well managed service level agreement (SLA), confidentiality, interoperability and reliability. This paper discuss the architecture of cloud security .It explores the layered wise   cloud security issues and problems such as data, privacy, and infected application and also give their proposed solutions. It also explores various security attacks and how to handle that.


Humidity affects our comfort in numerous ways both dierctly and indirectly. It is a factor in our energy balance, thermal sensation, skin moisture, discomfort, tactile sensation of fabrics, health and perception of air quality. The author examines all those aspects


This paper presents a brief review on the reconfigurable terahertz components, which is an emerging area of the terahertz technology. The reconfigurability is achieved by means of nano-fabricated actuators, which not only improve the performance of the components, but also offer new possibilities. In this paper, we discuss several examples of such components including reconfigurable terahertz sources, modulators, and waveguides.


Studies of interspecific hybrids in many plant groups provide evidence for linkage between genes determining certain morphological features and genes affecting viability. It is the purpose of this paper to describe this widespread condition, which we will refer to as the M-V linkage. Previous authors have presented the data obtained in separate hybridization experiments, and our task here is to generalize from the evidence in the various particular cases.


The problem in this study is the low gross motor skills in using large muscles such as walking, running, jumping. This study aims to determine the effect of marbles running game activities on gross motor skills of children aged 5-6 years. This research was conducted at RA Al-Hidayah which is located at Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan No.76 Binjai Timur, Binjai City. This type of research is quantitative with an experimental method using a post-test only control group design using non-parametric statistics. Data collection techniques using observation. The results showed that with different treatments, the score for the gross motor skills of the experimental class children was 10.8, while the score obtained in the control class was 7.8. The conclusion shows that the value of = 0.025, n1 = 15, n2 = 15 so that the results are Zcount = -3.3 and Ztable = 1.96 with a Zcount> Ztable, then there is a significant difference between the gross motor skills of children aged 5-6 years. using the marbles running game and the control class using the sack running game.


URBAN OPEN SPACE PLANNING IN SOUTHERN ONTARIO: LESSONS FROM THE RED HILL VALLEY PROJECT Scott Cafarella Advisor: University of Guelph, 2016 Professor Karen Landman Urban open space systems are interconnected networks of green spaces, waterways, and undeveloped lands that link regional ecological corridors to the city. In Ontario, a structure of related land-use policies informs urban open space planning and development. In this study, a policy analysis, a case study, and an evaluation of policy development were undertaken to investigate the outcomes of the Red Hill Valley Parkway Project in Hamilton, Ontario. The methods employed were a document analysis, key informant interviews, and a policy analysis using an established policy evaluation framework. This study identified institutional learning by Project stakeholders and investigated if this learning had informed policy development at the provincial level. Results show that the Open Space Replacement Strategy and the creation of the Joint Stewardship Board are evidence of institutional learning. Lessons from this Project have improved Hamilton's planning practices, but have not directly influenced provincial policy development to date.


for the concrete, and when machines took place of men, man ceased to be an individual. He became instead a "'citizen' with a capital C, a mere statistic of the state. His social security number was now a key to his ident 't ,,2 1. y. According to Lynch, too many Americans are being unconsciously shaped by mass media and become victims of mass motivation. He maintains that mass media is engulfing us in oceans of "fantasy, dreams, and distortions.,,3 Because of the tremendous impact of cultural pressures of modern life upon impressionable youth, it is the responsibility of educators to help these young people "to forge principle for themselves with the hammer of right on the anvil choice.,,4 Characteristic of the typical adolescent is his blind conformity to the standards of his peer group. Like the figures in Riesman's 5 The Lonely Crowd, 2Thurston N. Davis, "The Loneliness of Man," America, CII (February 6, 1960), 552. 3William F. Lynch, The Image Industries (New York: Sheed and Ward, 1959), p. 21. 4 Gerald S. Sloyan, "The Catholic High School: Idea and Reality," £atholic Educational Review, LI (April, 1953), 233. 5David Riesman, Nathan Glazier, and Revel Denney, The Lonely Crowd (New York: Doubleday and Company, 1953). The -


Mucopolysaccharidosis type VII (Sly syndrome), a rare lysosomal storage disorder caused by deficiency of the enzyme -glucuronidase, was first reported in 1973 in a two year old boy with hepatosplenomegaly, skeletal abnormalities and moderate mental retardation (1). MPS type VII is unusual amongst the MPS syndromes in that it can manifest clinically in the newborn period often in association with hydrops fetalis, however transient functional liver abnormalities have also been described. We report a neonate with MPS type VII who presented with significant cholestatic jaundice and hepatosplenomegaly and provide a review of the literature.


We  conducted  a  systematic  literature  review  on  mindsets  to  understand  how  a growth  mindset  is  conceptualized  and  investigated  in  adult  learning  scholarly  work.


Drylands have low nitrogen stocks and are predicted to be sensitive to modest increases in reactive nitrogen availability, but direct evidence that atmospheric nitrogen deposition will have sustained effects on dryland ecosystems is sparse and conflicting. We used three long‐running in situ nitrogen deposition simulation experiments and a complementary laboratory incubation experiment to address fundamental questions about how nitrogen inputs affect drylands: (1) What are the long‐ and short‐term consequences of nitrogen inputs for biogeochemical and ecosystem properties?; (2) Do these consequences depend on soil moisture availability?; and (3) Does soil texture modify the effects of nitrogen inputs and/or soil moisture availability? In 2011, we established three study sites along a soil texture gradient in Arches National Park with plots receiving 0, 2, 5 or 8 kg N ha−1 annually (n = 5 per treatment per site). We assessed a suite of biogeochemical metrics over the long term and short term. To assess longer term effects, we sampled annually (2013–2019), just prior to spring nitrogen fertilization. To assess short‐term effects, we sampled immediately before and after spring nitrogen fertilization in 2013. Additionally, we compared foliar chemistry, soil extracellular enzyme activities, heterotrophic respiration rates, and nitrogen trace gas fluxes at select intervals during the study period (2011–2019). Finally, we conducted a laboratory incubation to measure the individual and interacting effects of soil moisture and nitrogen additions on soil microbial activity. We identified some short‐term effects in situ, but no lasting consequences of added nitrogen for any of the metrics measured. In the incubation, soil moisture treatments independently increased heterotrophic respiration rates but did not modify the effects of added nitrogen. In contrast to nitrogen treatments, soil texture was associated with large differences in biogeochemical cycling. Our results oppose the common prediction that coupled dryland biogeochemical cycles are sensitive to nitrogen inputs and suggest that fine‐scale edaphic heterogeneity is a key driver of dryland ecosystem properties. Synthesis. This study synthesizes a rare, long‐term dataset, which provides robust evidence that carbon and nutrient cycling and availability are resistant to realistic levels of atmospheric nitrogen deposition in remote dryland ecosystems.


This paper presents a model of a risk averse multinational firm under exchange rate risk. The firm, which owns and controls assets in two countries, is engaged in production, sales and forward contracting whenever forward markets exist. First, the author investigates the effects of exchange rate uncertainty without any risk sharing markets. It is shown that the firm internalizes missing hedging markets by increasing foreign production and lowering foreign sales. Therefore the firm hedges by repatriating foreign profits in the form of goods. Second, the implications of the existence of forward markets of global market decisions are discussed. It is shown that a separation theorem holds. This does not imply that the multinational firm shifts all the risk into the forward exchange market. Copyright 1992 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd and the Board of Trustees of the Bulletin of Economic Research


The invention discloses a chip leakage current testing system which comprises a testing device and a testing host computer. The testing host computer is connected to the testing device through a communication interface, and the testing device is connected with a chip to be tested through a testing interface. The testing device comprises a leakage current collecting circuit, a microcontroller and a power circuit, a power module provides working voltages for the testing device, the current collecting circuit detects the leakage current of the pins of the chip to be tested and carries out amplification and filtering processing and digital processing on the leakage current to generate digital signals, the microcontroller judges the fact that whether the leakage current test of the pins of the tested chip is passed or not according to the comparison result of a preset reference value and the digital signals, the testing results are stored locally, and the testing host computer reads the testing results and generates a testing report according to the testing results. Through the adoption of the chip leakage current testing system, testing efficiency can be improved.


The mathematical model of the flight simulator servo system was analyzed and the discrete sliding mode control (DSMC) was proposed, the reaching law of DSMC with Kalman filter was introduced to enhance the control character. The simulation shows the DSMC without filter has the big chattering and can influenced by disturbance, the DSMC with filter drives system state trajectories to arrive at the switch band in limit time and thereafter maintain in the switch band and the chattering around sliding surface is reduced effectively, also the tracking performance is satisfactory for turntable system.


In the aftermath of the "Coral Sea" and "Therese" cases, the article deals with the problem of criminalization of the master of the ship for the crime of illicit traffic based on command responsibility. The first part of the article gives the general framework of the crimes of illicit traffic and smuggling by sea, and an overview of the ship security regulations as provided by the ISPS code. In the second part of the article, the position of the master of the ship with respect to responsibility for illicit traffic is emphasised. It starts by explaining details from both "Coral Sea" and "Therese" cases, where masters were indicted and/or prosecuted based solely on their command responsibility. The author tries to elaborate the problem from a maritime law perspective by explaining the evolution and meaning of different aspects of the three functions of the master of the ship today: nautical, administrative and representation of the shipowner. In order to put the potential responsibility of seafarers for the content of cargo into perspective, the reality of containerized cargo shipping is being explained and documented stage-by-stage. Finally, the basic concepts of criminal law are being explained, where principles of "nullum


The invention discloses a caulis piperis futokadsurae traditional Chinese medicine preparation for treating rheumatic arthritis. The caulis piperis futokadsurae traditional Chinese medicine preparation for treating the rheumatic arthritis is prepared from the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials in parts by weight: 200-400 parts of caulis piperis futokadsurae, 100-200 parts of radix clematidis, 100-200 parts of notopterygium root, 100-200 parts of radix angelicae pubescentis, 100-200 parts of polygonum cuspidatum, 100-200 parts of berba aristolochiae mollissimae and 100-200 parts of radices sileris. The traditional Chinese medicines jointly take effect of expelling wind, removing cold, eliminating dampness and dredging collaterals. The traditional Chinese medicine preparation disclosed by the invention is obvious in treatment effect on anemofrigid-damp arthralgia-type rheumatic arthritis patients, and can be used for rapidly relieving muscle and joint pain, soreness and numbness or swelling and the symptom that the pain is intensified in overcast and rainy and cold weather and is relieved after heat is got and the symptom that patients are tasteless in the mouth and do not desire to drink or are fond of hot drinks. The preparation has no toxic and side effects and is obvious in treatment effect, and the pains of the patients are fundamentally relieved.


Angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) is the most important receptor in the entry of corona virus in host cells. The present study aimed to investigate the different mechanisms involved in the expression regulation of the this gene among the covid-9 patients. A total of 140 patients with covid-19 (n = 70 mild covid-19, n = 70 ARDS) and 120 controls were recruited. The expression of ACE-2 and miRNAs was evaluated by quantitative real time PCR (QRT-PCR), and methylation of CpG dinucleotides in the ACE2 promoter was quantified using bisulfite pyro-sequencing. Finally, different polymorphisms of the ACE-2 gene were studied by sanger sequencing. Our results showed a significant high expression of the ACE-2 gene in the blood samples of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients (3.8 ± 0.77) in comparison to controls (0.88 ± 0.12) (P < 0.03). The methylation rate of the ACE-2 gene in ARDS patients was 14.07 ± 6.1 in contrast to controls (72.3 ± 5.1) (P < 0.0001). Among the four studied miRNAs, only miR200c-3p showed significant downregulation in ARDS patients (0.14 ± 0.1) in comparison to controls (0.32 ± 0.17)(P < 0.001). We did not see a substantial difference in the frequency of rs182366225 C > T and rs2097723 T > C polymorphisms between patients and controls (P > 0.05). There was a significant correlation between B12 (R=-0.32, P < 0.001), folate (R=-0.37, P < 0.001) deficiency and hypo-methylation of the ACE-2 gene. These results for the first time indicated that among the different mechanisms of ACE-2 expression regulation, its promoter methylation is very crucial and can be affected by factors involved in one-carbon metabolisms such as B9 and B12 vitamins deficiency.


Abstract To reduce the hazards of collapse accidents in the construction process and to ensure that the lives, health, and property of construction workers are protected, this study used the theory of safety system engineering to identify the hazards of collapse accidents, analyze the hazards, predict the consequences, evaluate the systemic risks, and evaluate the effects and improve them. At the same time, the risk factors of collapse were evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively by using the analysis methods of fault tree analysis (FTA) and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Finally, according to the evaluation results, the main factors causing collapse accidents were found; this provided a reliable and practical basis for the prevention of collapse accidents. Then, according to the decisive factors, corresponding measures were taken in advance to achieve the aim of preventing and controlling collapse accidents. The results show that equipment maintenance, material inspection, and construction site safety management play an important role in preventing collapse accidents.


Investment funds play a key role in mass privatization in many transition economies. But have they lived up to expectations? The authors look at that question in the two earliest and best-known cases--Russia and the Czech Republic. The evidence is discouraging. It appears that the funds have either not been able to enhance the value of their holdings or have failed to share any gains with their investors. Dividends have been extremely low. Property rights created in a hasty attempt to depoliticize property relations are weak. And capital markets remain illiquid. Many funds have simply become holding companies rather than active portfolio investors. The initial design problems in mass privatization--asymmetric information and imperfect property rights--remain.


The catalytic removal of soot and NO x from Diesel-engine exhausts has been studied by combining laboratory and power- bench experiments. It is concluded that the elimination of both pollutants could be carried out with a three-step catalytic system: 1st) a soot trap loaded with a Pt/CeO2 catalyst, which allows trap regeneration around 500oC (the role of this catalyst is to oxidise NO to NO 2 , and the catalytic activity depends on the BET surface area of the cerium oxide); 2nd) a Pt catalysts for the Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx by C3H6 operating at 225−325oC and 3rd) a Rh/CeO2 catalyst for N2O decomposition.


five different types of phospholipid plus a cholesterol content varying from 0 to 50 mol%. Surprisingly, cholesterol decreases solute partitioning into the lipid tail region of the membranes much more strongly than expected from experiments on macroscopic membranes, suggesting that a laterally inhomogeneous cholesterol concentration and permeability may be required to explain experimental findings. The simulations indicate that the cost of breaking van der Waals interactions between the lipid tails, rather than the area per lipid, account for the reduced partitioning in cholesterol-containing membranes. In addition, we find that the lipid head groups constitute the main barrier against permeation of bulky apolar solutes, and that cholesterol is able to reduce this barrier and thereby increase the permeability. We present new experimental data, confirming these computational predictions. References [1] Christian L. Wennberg, David van der Spoel, and Jochen S. Hub, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 134, 5351-5361 (2012) [2] Florian Zocher, Christian L. Wennberg, David van der Spoel, Peter Pohl, Jochen S. Hub, in preparation [3] Jochen S. Hub, Fritz K. Winkler, Mike Merrick, and Bert L. de Groot, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 132, 13251-13263 (2010)


A literature survey on the effects of neutron irradiation on impact and other mechanical properties of both ferritic steels and austenitic stainless steels is presented.The materials studied included carbon and low alloy steels such as: ASTM A-212B, ASTM A-201, ASTM A-301B (CR-Mo), ASTM A-106 (coarse and fine grained), ASTM A-285, ASTM A-302B (Mn-Mo), ASTM A-353, ASTM A-203, Grade D, E-7016 carbon steel weld metal, USS Carilloy T-1, HY-65, and HY-80. Types 304 and 347 stainless steels were investigated as representative austenitic materials which might be used in pressure vessel construction. An evaluation was made of the irradiation induced changes in the mechancal properties of the above materials. The ferritic steels were evaluated primarily on the basis of increases in transition temperature due to irradiation and decreases in the amount of maximum energy absorbed prior to ductile failure. Factors such as industrial experience, changes in other mechanical properties, and the susceptibility of these materials to temper embrittlement were considered. Austenitic stainless steels were evaluated on the basis of post-irradiation and low temperature impact strength and on irradiation induced changes in other mechanical properties. It is concluded that austenitic stainless steels are capable of resisting harmful property damage at integrated neutron fluxesmore » > 1 Mev of at least 1 to 2 x 10/sup 21/ nvt. Most carbon or low alloy steels with the exception of ASTM A-212B, were subject to severe property damage at exposures in excess of 1 x 10/sup 19/ nvt. With the application of special reactor operating procedures, it was determined that ASTM A-212B will be satisfactory at integrated neutron fluxes up to 5 x 10/sup 19/ nvt. (auth)« less


SUMMARY The plasma cortisol level of patients anaesthetized for 1 hour with thiopentone and nitrous oxide was found to remain unchanged. During body surface surgery it rose slightly, and during intra-abdominal surgery it rose to more than double the resting value. The blood sugar under the same circumstances changed in a qualitatively similar manner and the free fatty acids appeared to fall during anaesthesia without surgery, changed little during body surface surgery, and rose during intra-abdominal surgery. Plasma insulin during both types of surgery showed no significant change.


Self-plagiarism is quoting yourself without citing the work you are quoting. In a student context, submitting substantially the same paper to two different courses could be considered a case of self-plagiarism. Most colleges and universities specify that it is not acceptable to submit the same essay or project for two different courses without obtaining approval from both instructors. This is good training for the scholarly publishing world, wherein journals can and do reject papers that contain substantial blocks of text that the author has taken from previous work without proper attribution. How is this a security issue? Self-plagiarism, and extensive self-citation, may both speak to the veracity of an article's contents, and the ability to deliver information of known quality can be seen as falling within the broader definition of data integrity. The issue may also be viewed as an intellectual property concern. Parents often find themselves telling children the same old anecdotes. The same sort of thing happens to lecturers and to writers. The consequences can be more serious, if one sees rejection by a journal as more significant than derision from one's offspring. Is there agreement about what is acceptable? A search of Google Scholar turned up about 38,000 mentions of the phrase.1 The titles of a few of the top entries will serve as illustrations. Collberg and Kobourov call our attention to self plagiarism in computer science, in a 2005 issue of the Communications of the ACM .2 A decade earlier, writing in the same venue, Pamela Samuelson of the Pittsburgh law school compares it with the "fair use" doctrine.3 In 2003, Collberg, Kobourov, and others from Arizona had described a Web spider that crawled around the Internet, collecting and analyzing writing in computer science in hopes of finding instances of self-plagiarism.4 Fittingly, that conference presentation is cited in their 2005 Article. It is also discussed on a University of Arizona Web page, wherein the tool itself can be downloaded.5 It is written in Java, and the version described compares plain-text files, so word processing documents must be converted before analysis. Most scholarly works begin with introductions and statements of the overall research problem, explaining what an article will explore. Next, there is usually a literature review, discussing previous work done in the field. If the field is fairly small, obviously, that list of citations might not vary much


This study aims to observe the position of Acehnese women by analyzing the values of Sharia Law through the level of public compliance. Gender equality in the public sector can be seen by comparing the Acehnese women position in the RI-GAM conflict, after the peace, and after the implementation of Sharia Law concerning the protection and empowerment of women. This study uses the theory of liberal feminism because it takes the inequalities of classical gender ideology as the starting point of problem formulation. In addition, this study also uses the concept of gender equality and the ideology of women's liberation based on Islamic perspectives to investigate Qanun concerning women as the advocacy of women rights in the law, or also known as Feminist Jurisprudence (a court defending women rights). This research uses the qualitative method with case study approach. Data and information collection was through interview, documentation, and observation. Informant determination technique in this research used Purposive and Snowball Sampling. This approach is expected to examine the aspects of gender equality issues. The regional regulation in the province of Aceh and the stipulation of Qanun concerning the protection and empowerment of women is due to gender inequality experienced by women. Gender equality is applied in Aceh's Sharia Law to achieve a fair condition between men and women in their opportunities and rights as human beings. Consequently, Qanun No. 6 of 2009 is regulated in relation to the role and participation of women to be capable in politic, economy, social, culture, defense, education, national security, and equality in enjoying the development result. In the implementation process, however, several obstacles from various parties occur. Keywords: Sharia Law, Gender Equality, Qanun No. 6 of 2009, the Province of Aceh


Spy1 is a cell cycle activator, known to mediate cell cycle progression through an atypical activation of the cyclin dependent kinases. To understand the development and progression of breast cancer it is essential to elucidate the mechanisms and interactions of normal regulators of breast development. This study demonstrates that endogenous Spy1 protein and mRNA levels are tightly regulated during normal mammary gland development; being expressed during proliferative stages and downregulated at the onset of lactation. This appears to be regulated, in part, through the oncogene c-Myc and the MAPK signaling pathway. Importantly, we show that aberrant expression of the Spy1 protein prevents normal differentiation and results in disrupted morphology of the gland as well as tumorigenesis. Collectively this work has revealed a novel molecular mechanism regulating normal developmental processes in the breast and has provided evidence that the Spy1 protein may also be implicated in the development of breast cancer.


An experimental study of hydrodynamics, axial mixing and mass transfer has been carried out in a newly developed liquid-liquid extraction contactor, namely the open turbine rotating disc contactor (OTRDC). It has been established that the OTRDC can be operated with larger holdups of the dispersed phase, larger interfaces and, hence, more efficient mass transfer than the conventional RDC. In correlating axial mixing data, a combined model has been applied in which both the forward mixing due to drop size distribution and the backmixing of droplets are taken into account. The RTD curves of dispersed phase predicted by the model agree well with the experimental data. Comparison of experimental mass transfer data with those predicted by the proposed axial mixing model and the theoretical single drop model shows that they are in good agreement.


Nowadays, reactive power and power factor in unbalanced circuits and/or with the presence of harmonics are still being investigated by several researchers. In this context, quaternions, whose use has recently been intensified in the electrical engineering field, is presented as an alternative tool to analyze electrical quantities in single and three-phase circuits. However, studies solving three-phase circuits by quaternions are not yet in literature, nor a complete electrical description with this tool. This article, therefore, presents single and balanced three-phase quantities expressed as quaternions. Results of an analysis of a series RLC single and balanced three-phase circuits are presented. It is important to notice that this tool can also be employed to represent three-phase power under unbalanced situations and with the presence of harmonics.


Dear Reader! The title tells everything about my book: The art of translation ? or how to create a subtitle for a film? Nowadays, everybody knows about subtitles, everybody enjoys their advantages during film watching, but few of us know how they are created in practice. This book gives the answer.
In a wider sense, subtitling is translation, therefore the first chapter discusses the history and the main approaches to translation.
The second chapter deals with subtitling itself: it is about the historical and technical background of subtitling and about in what sense it is more than simply translation.
The third chapter is my personal favourite: it covers my own research about the principles and the practice in Hungarian subtitling, based on an interview with a professional Hungarian subtitler, and on my analysis of specific samples from films. In this part, You, my Reader, can discover this Craft or Art with me!
Because I am an English language teacher, the last chapter discusses the usage of films in foreign language teaching. In my opinion, films should be the part of foreign language lessons as interesting and motivating teaching aids using authentic language, spreading culture.
I would like to offer my book first of all to people, who are interested in film subtitling, secondly to teachers, who wants to make their lesssons more interesting and motivating with using English speaking films.


Preface and Acknowledgements - Introduction and Summary - PART 1: SMALL BUSINESS AND DIVISION OF LABOUR: The Dual Structure, A Gap between Image and Reality of Small Business, and Subcontracting Relationship - Monopoly, Corporate Profits, and the Dual Structure - The Image and Reality of Small Business and Small Business Policies - Supplier-Assembler Relationships in the Automobile Industry - PART 2: FINANCIAL MARKET: Loan-Concentration, Main Banks, and the Corporate-Group-View - Economic Analysis of the 'Loan-Concentration Mechanism' -'Main Bank' and Its Functions - An Anatomy and Critique of the 'Corporate-Group-View' - PART 3: INDUSTRIAL POLICY - 'Industrial Policy' of Japan: A Beginner's Guide - Economic Consequences of Investment Coordination in the Steel Industry - Coordination within Industry: Output, Price, and Investment - PART 4: INTRAFIRM ORGANIZATION AND INTERFIRM RELATIONSHIPS - Corporate Governance in Japanese Firms: The Body of Employees as the Controlling Group and Friendly Shareholders - Interfirm Relationships - Conclusion - Reference - Index


Albert Camus (1913-1960) was born in Algeria, which was then a French colonial possession. His father was killed in battle in World War I a year after Albert's birth, leaving his family in poverty. Camus worked his way through the university of Algiers by doing odd jobs, but dropped out after a severe bout of tuberculosis. He then turned to journalism, writing for an anti-colonial newspaper in Algeria, and briefly turned to communism, with which he quickly became disillusioned, before moving to France. During World War II, he served as part of the French Resistance against the Nazi occupation forces, editing the underground newspaper Combat.


A new class of system of generalized variational inclusion involving(H,η)-monotone operator is introduced and studied in Hilbert spaces.The author prove that the existence and uniqueness of solution of the system of generalized variational inclusions by using resolvent operator technique and the fixed point theorem.


Abstract : A growing need among service personnel to take collective action to protect their social and economic status appears to have developed during the last decade. Past studies of this phenomenon have been, for the most part, limited to examining one means by which collective action can be achieved -- military unions. This paper takes a broader look at collective action in the military by examining the two basic types of military collective action groups -- military associations and military unions. Social, economic, legal, and attitudinal factors which will determine the direction and shape the means of military collective action are considered. It is concluded that military associations and military unions are both capable of effectively fulfilling the collective action needs of military personnel -- each having unique advantages and disadvantages. Circumstances appear to mitigate against military unionism at this time (e.g., the present national mood against military unions). Therefore, military associations appear to be a more viable alternative for collective action. (Author)


The biggest limitation to conventional gas chromatography (GC) is limited peak capacity, making the analysis of complex mixtures a difficult or even impossible task. Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) significantly increases peak capacity and resolution, improves sensitivity and generates structured 3D chromatograms. This is achieved by connecting two columns coated with different stationary phases through a special interface (modulator). The interface samples the first column effluent and periodically injects fractions of this material, as narrow injection pulses, onto the second column for further separation. Commercial instruments achieve this with cryogenic agents. Since this expensive approach permits only in-laboratory analysis, the development of simple, economical and fieldcapable GC×GC systems is in demand. This report summarizes the fundamentals governing GC×GC separations and a brief history of technological advances in the field. It also documents the construction of a simple interface, devoid of moving parts and cryogenic consumables, and hence highly suitable for field analysis and monitoring applications. Evaluation of the interface suggests on-par performance with more complicated cryogenic modulators. GC×GC separations of technical mixtures of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs), common environmental pollutants (EPA 8270), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), pesticides (toxaphene), as well as selected essential oils and major distillation fractions of crude oil indicate very good performance. Most notably, the interface prototype was applied for the first ever time-resolved on-site analysis of the semivolatile organic fraction of urban air particulate matter (PM2.5).


Notes that even large organizations report reductions in time or budgets allocated to employee training. Points out that, as a result, customer‐contact people do not acquire a marketing perspective of satisfying different groups of customers and are often only able to serve effectively the smaller group of people just like themselves. Considers various situations where differences in race can lead to unsatisfactory customer service and concludes that charm does not compensate for insensitive actions.


Risk factors for cardiovascular disease such as hyperlidipaemia are not being picked up and managed in patients with rheumatology arthritis because it often falls through the gap between rheumatology and primary care provision.


Surprisingly little is clear about Festus and his Breuiarium. Among scholars, it is agreed that the work known as Festus' Breuiarium was indeed written by a man named Festus, probably around the year A.D. 370, and certainly later than 363, the date of the most recent event described in the Breuiarium itself. There, clarity ends. Who Festus was remains a subject of debate. He may have been one Festus of Tridentum, identified by Ammianus Marcellinus as magister memoriae and then Proconsul of Asia under the emperor Valens; or he may have been another Festus, not of Tridentum, possibly also magister memoriae and Proconsul of Asia under Valens, possibly not. The evidence is too scanty and ambiguous to rule out any of these possibilities.1 In the case of Festus' text, too, interpretations differ: on the one hand, there is the opinion that Festus wrote his Breuiarium as a brief textbook of Roman history, containing basic facts, either for the purpose of preparing new, uneducated senators of the late fourth century to mingle with a literate and historically informed Roman aristocracy (Momigliano) or for the purpose of conveying to Valens and his uneducated officials all they needed to know about the history of the eastern Roman provinces, in preparation for their impending war with Shapur, king of Persia (Cameron).2 Then there is the opinion of M. Peachin, that Festus wrote his Breuiarium in connection with Valens' preparations for war with Persia, but as a panegyric of sorts, rather than as a historical primer. According to Peachin,


Abstract Primary health care (PHC) in Slovenia is delivered mainly by a network of 63 public community-based primary health care centres (CPHCs), serving as entry points to the health system. Here, multidisciplinary teams provide an array of preventative, diagnostic, therapeutic, palliative, and health promotion services under one roof. Since 2011, several reforms in PHC highlight integrated care. A national scale-up of Family Medicine Practices is underway, where all family medicine teams include a 0.5 FTE registered nurse to improve prevention, early diagnosis and care coordination of chronic patients. Health promotion centers (HPCs) are being introduced in CPHCs to support people in healthy lifestyle, with currently 28 HPCs managed by CPHCs and supported operationally by the National Institute of Public Health. New mental health centers facilitate access to comprehensive mental health care. In 2020, dedicated temporary COVID-19 units in CPHCs played a key role in treating mild/moderate cases and shielding hospitals from overburden. Regarding implementation, pilots have been critical to creating a strong evidence base to enable sustainable (sometimes external) financing, while innovations capitalize on existing links between Slovenia's primary care and public health functions and the Ministry of Health for governance and the flexibility of the multidisciplinary, multiple-practice care model represented by CPHCs. Though this has eased their initial introduction into existing structures, challenges remain. These include dissatisfaction among family physicians due to high administrative burden and an outdated CPHC governance model that limits managers' authority as well as workforce shortages in public health and primary care. Financial incentives, task shifting, and adjustments to education and training have been used to mitigate these issues. Slovenia's experience may serve as a case study for countries interested in improving their primary healthcare services.


This article discusses the appeal of human rights as a normative basis for stakeholder claims in the context of international business. This appeal to human rights has proven to be an effective way to legitimize (in the sociological sense) the claims of stakeholders due to their proclaimed universal validity and the media interest in stories about human right violations. A problem for corporations that have to deal with claims based on human rights is that there seems to be little room to weigh these claims against the corporation's interest and other stakeholder claims, since human rights are believed to override self‐interest. Furthermore, stakeholder theory as it stands, does not provide for a criterion to weigh human rights claims against the claims of (other) stakeholders. Following recent versions of stakeholder theory, claims based solely on human rights do not even qualify some person or group as a stakeholder. So the position of human rights‐based claims within organizational ethics remains unclear in stakeholder theory. The question this article tries to answer, is whether a corporation has a moral obligation to fulfil claims that are based solely on human rights and how this relates to the obligations a firm has to its stakeholders.


The world religions today have a long history, some dating back to more than 3000 years ago. Therefore, the religions are partly based on the time and the culture, which characterized the society w ...


In the landscape of a large Polish city, one can notice homeless people, but also activities that help them survive in this difficult state and go out of it. In Cracow, such activities are undertaken, among others, by the Saint Father Pio Aid Centre. One of the phases of getting out of homelessness is staying at a "training flat", the aim of which is for a person to learn to look after a flat and manage their earned resources. Based on observation, analysis of documents and interviews with employees of the Centre, the article tries to show the difficult path to "learn one's home".


Objective
To explore the efficacy of percutaneous drainage in the treatment of subdural effusion after decompressive craniectomy.

Methods
Sixty patients with subdural effusion after decompression craniotomy in our hospital from August 2008 to May 2018 were selected as experimental subjects. According to the wishes of patients and their families, the patients treated by percutaneous drainage were set as observation group (30 cases), and the patients treated by lumbar puncture drainage were set as control group (30 cases). The total effective rate, healing time and complications of the two groups were compared.

Results
Compared with the control group, the total effective rate was significantly increased in the observation group (70.00% vs. 96.67%, P 0.05).

Conclusion
Subdural effusion after decompression with craniotomy and osteotomy can be significantly reduced by percutaneous drainage.

Key words:
Subdural effusion; Decompressive craniectomy; Percutaneous drainage; Lumbar puncture drainage


We consider n independent observations, generated identically by some distribution function, which belongs to the domain of attraction of an extreme value distribution with unknown shape and scale parameter. We treat the scale parameter as a nuisance parameter and establish an adaptive efficient test sequence, which is based on the kn largest observations, for the Gumbel domain of attraction. Efficiency is achieved along certain contiguous extreme value alternatives within the concept of local asymptotic normality (LAN). Simulations exemplify the results


Objective To explore the factors for the development of gallstones after gastrectomy. Methods 52 cases of patients with postgastrectumy,were retrospectively analyzed according to their diseases for gastrectomy and operation form. Results Incidence of gallstone in patients of postgastrectomy was higher than in general population. Among which, Billroth Ⅱ type of gastrectomy for carcinoma was the highest (35.5%), then the total gastrectomy (31.5%) and proximate gastrectomy(13.5%). Billroth Ⅰ type operation was 10.3%. Incidence of gallstone in pa-tients of selective vagotomy was lowest (2.5%). Condusion Billroth Ⅱ type of gastrectomy and total gastrectomy were the risk factors of postgastrectomy cholelithiasis. The causes for gallstone formation after Billroth Ⅱ type of gas-trectomy were the restitution of digestive canal and metabolic disorder of bile acid.

Key words:
Gastrectomy; Cholelithiasis; Risk factor


57Fe Mossbauer spectra were recorded on the σ — phase of FexV1−x, x = 0.52 and 0.60 and of FexCr1−x, x = 0.51 and 0.532 in the temperature range 4.3 to 294 K. For the Fe‐V samples, from the temperature dependence of the average centre shift Debye temperatures θD = 457 ± 15 K and 437 ± 30 K were determined for x = 0.52 and 0.60, respectively. Values of θD = 488 ± 15 K and 459 ± 15 K were derived for the Fe‐Cr samples with x = 0.51 and 0.532, respectively. The values are compared with the ones obtained for isostructural Fe‐Cr compounds from previous investigations.


The noise figure of the 4-frequency parametric amplifier investigated can be lowered substantially by deviating from power matching, as is shown by experiments performed on a low-frequency-amplifier version. This adjustment has the additional advantages of providing a larger gain-bandwidth product, an improved gain stability and a higher gain saturation. The theoretical optimums in minimum noise figure, maximum bandwidth and the associated gain stability are calculated for the case when power mismatching is permissible, and the results are compared with the experimental values and with the theoretical performance of the reflection-type amplifier employing a circulator.


"It is one of those cases where the art of the reasoner should be used rather for the sifting of details than for the acquiring of fresh evidence. ... The difficulty is to detach the framework of fact – of absolute, undeniable fact – from the embellishments of theorists and reporters. Then, having established ourselves upon this sound basis, it is our duty to see what inferences may be drawn, and which are the special points upon which the whole mystery turns." Sherlock Holmes to Watson in "The Adventure of the Silver Blaze" by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle


This paper describes the models designated for the MEDIQA 2019 shared tasks by the team PANLP. We take advantages of the recent advances in pre-trained bidirectional transformer language models such as BERT (Devlin et al., 2018) and MT-DNN (Liu et al., 2019b). We find that pre-trained language models can significantly outperform traditional deep learning models. Transfer learning from the NLI task to the RQE task is also experimented, which proves to be useful in improving the results of fine-tuning MT-DNN large. A knowledge distillation process is implemented, to distill the knowledge contained in a set of models and transfer it into an single model, whose performance turns out to be comparable with that obtained by the ensemble of that set of models. Finally, for test submissions, model ensemble and a re-ranking process are implemented to boost the performances. Our models participated in all three tasks and ranked the 1st place for the RQE task, and the 2nd place for the NLI task, and also the 2nd place for the QA task.


Ordinary and transfinite recursion and induction and ZF set theory are used to construct from a fully interpreted object language and from an extra formula a new language. It is fully interpreted under a suitably defined interpretation. This interpretation is equivalent to the interpretation by meanings of sentences if the object language is so interpreted. The added formula provides a truth predicate for the constructed language. The so obtained theory of truth satisfies the norms presented in Hannes Leitgeb's paper 'What Theories of Truth Should be Like (but Cannot be)'. MSC: 03B10, 03D80, 47H04, 47H10, 97M80


The invention discloses a multistage nut locking device for a digging bucket. The multistage nut locking device for the digging bucket comprises the digging bucket, a connecting hinge pin and a two-section excavator arm, wherein the digging bucket is hinged to the two-section excavator arm through the connecting hinge pin; one end of the connecting hinge pin is provided with a mounting step; the other end of the connecting hinge pin is provided with a threaded section; a threaded lug boss is arranged at the front end of the threaded section; the direction of threads of the threaded section of the connecting hinge pin is opposite to that of threads of the threaded lug boss; the threaded section of the connecting hinge pin is connected with a first locking nut; the threaded lug boss is connected with a second locking nut; and the first locking nut and the second locking nut are inserted in locking nut sleeves respectively. The multistage nut locking device has the advantages of simple structure, easiness in manufacturing and low cost. Because the digging bucket vibrates violently when used, the digging bucket and the working arm can be used normally owing to the locking device; the circumstance that the hinge pin of the digging bucket looses is avoided; and the multistage nut locking device is high in practical, convenient to change and disassemble and low in using cost, and is safe and reliable.


By scrutinizing the materials on the stone inscriptions from the pre-Qin times to the Tang dynasty(618-907) and the unearthed documents related to Yi learning,it can be found that the name of hexagram Kun 坤[■,The Receptive,2]in the received version of the Zhouyi originally was shun 顺 and it was not until the mid Tang dynasty that the latter was completely replaced by the former.Kun as the name of a hexagram came into play later and emerged in the mid Western Han dynasty(206 BCE-9 CE) and even till the end of the Eastern Han dynasty(25-220) it was not used in the main stream of the Changes circle.Till the mid Tang period,it had been ubiquitously applied and replaced character shun 顺.The character chuan 川 in the Mawangdui silk manuscript of the Zhouyi,a version of the early Western Han,should be interpreted shun 顺 rather than kun 坤.Some scholars' point of view that the hexagram name of chuan 川 ought to be rendered shun 顺 is tenable.


COVID-19 has come as a sharp caution to humankind to introspect and rectify. With values on the decline and humans seeming to have lost empathy, one feels a need to recharge and reconnect. The Indian way of living has many scientific principles natural in it to fight infectious diseases. We follow the Sanatan Sanskriti thoughts traditionally, sometimes not even grasping the rationale behind it. This article tries to explore the correlation between the preventive measures and some of our traditional Sanatan practices. There is a need to promote our cultural practices and avoid running behind the ultra-modern ways of living so that the world learns to combat and live with the COVID 19.


WA is the geographically largest state in Australia, with an area of over 2,500,000 square kilometres, and is currently the second largest sub-national entity in the world. Perth is one of the most isolated capital cities in the world, and is closer to Singapore and Jakarta than it is to the Australian capital city, Canberra.


This dissertation presents a machine learning solution to the compiler optimisation problem focused on a particular program transformation: loop unrolling. Loop unrolling is a very straightforward but powerful code transformation mainly used to improve Instruction Level Parallelism and to reduce the overhead due to loop control. However, loop unrolling can also be detrimental, for example, when the instruction cache is degraded due to the size of the loop body. Additionally, the effect of the interactions between loop unrolling and other program transformations is unknown. Consequently, determining when and how unrolling should be applied remains a challenge for compiler writers and researchers. This project works under the assumption that the effect of loop unrolling on the execution times of programs can be learnt based on past examples. Therefore, a regression approach able to learn the improvement in performance of loops under unrolling is presented. This novel approach differs from previous work ([Monsifrot et al., 2002] and [Stephenson and Amarasinghe, 2004]) because it does not formulate the problem as a classification task but as a regression solution. Great effort has been invested in the generation of clean and reliable data in order to make it suitable for learning. Two different regression algorithms have been used: Multiple Linear Regression and Classification and Regression Trees (CART). Although the accuracy of the methods is questionable, the realisation of final speed-ups on seven out of twelve benchmarks indicates that something has been gained with this learning process. A maximum 18% of re-substitution improvement has been achieved. 2.5% of overall improvement in performance for Linear Regression and 2.3% for CART algorithm have been obtained. The present work is the beginning of an ambitious project that attempts to build a compiler that can learn to optimise programs and can undoubtedly be improved in the near future.


This paper considers a wage-rise-contract between a firm and its employees as the firm's strategy, and suggests a wage-rise-contract policy. The policy is a promise by the firm that it will announce a certain output level and a wage premium rate, and if it actually produces more than the announced output level, then it will pay each employee a wage premium uniformly. First, this paper examines the case in which one of two firms unilaterally offers the wage-rise-contract policy by using a two-stage price-setting duopoly model. It is then shown that there exists an equilibrium which coincides with the Stackelberg solution where the firm adopting the policy is the leader. Next, this paper examines the case in which both firms can offer the wage-rise-contract policy in the model. It is then shown that there exists an equilibrium which is more profitable for both firms than in the unilateral case.


Abstract Data from the Japanese Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries indicate wildfowl damage to vegetable crops is common in Japan, but specific details on the problem and the effectiveness of alleviation methods do not exist. A flock of up to 99 Spot-billed Ducks ( Anas poeciloryhncha ) roosted on a river during the day at Kawagoe City, central Japan. At night some or all of this flock fed on cabbage ( Brassica oleracea Capitata group) crops nearby. Farmers deployed numerous scaring devices in the area to prevent crop damage. We grouped these into four categories: (1) monofilament lines; (2) monofilament lines in conjunction with either scarecrows, flags, and illegal mist nets; (3) flags, and flags in combination with scarecrows, and mist nets; and (4) exclusion nets, and tested the relative efficacy of these methods over 73 fields. Considering only presence or absence in fields of damaged plants, the relative effectiveness of the four categories were ranked from most to least effective as: n...


The paper mainly presents the evolution of factory automation and the trends for the next generation factory automation systems, i.e., open systems. Along the dimension of open architecture, it discusses some standardized methodologies involving Linux open source operating system, platform independent Java programming language, systematic object-oriented software engineering, Web-based information publishing, virtual instrument based system configuration, distributed and embedded real-time systems, etc. and their applications in factory automation systems. The resulting open systems are capable of keeping up with the evolving requirements in automation industry and it is expected that the strict use of standards would bring benefits to enterprises in the long sight.


The departure of nitrogen bubbles from duplex stainless steel (DSS) is essential for studying the precipitation behavior of bubbles during solidification. In the current work, the numerical and theoretical derivation of analytical formula were used to study the bubble departure at the solid–liquid interface. In the paper, the departure radius of bubbles was deduced by numerical analysis. Based on the works of subcooled boiling flow, the forces of bubbles were analyzed at the solid–liquid interface. The critical condition of bubble departure was theoretically obtained. The effects of various factors on bubble departure and slip were also analyzed. The results showed that the critical radius of the bubble departure increased at the solid–liquid interface when reducing the interface inclination angle, the depth of liquid steel, the contact angle, the flow velocity of liquid steel, and the gas pressure on the surface of liquid steel. Moreover, when the interface inclination angle equaled zero, there was no slip in the interface direction before bubble departure, letting the bubbles float directly. However, when the interface inclination angle equaled π/4 or π/2, the bubbles slid along the interface before bubble departure in the x negative direction, which was more likely to cause the bubbles to be trapped.


The article is devoted to the new scientific biography of Vladimir Purishkevich written by Andey Ivanov. The author demonstrates its place in the historiography of the problem and analyzes the peculiarities of the approach in accordance with the chapters of the book. The author also considers Andrey Ivanov's assessment of the ambiguous activities and personality of Purishkevich.


Studies on the young softed shelled turtles show that there are obvious differences in the ventical color (mottling) of different races, however, young individuals of the same race have the same ventical color which does not change with the changing of living environment during a certain time. At the same time, it is discovered that young softed shelled turtles obtained by artificial propagation show differentiation of ventical color because of mixed germ line. young softed shelled turtles hatched from the eggs collected from the wild have black dots and no dots. They are obvious differences by biochemical test and contrast feeding. All our studies demonstrate that: we can classify the softed shelled turtles by the ventical color of young individuals and get the pure line through this way during artificial culture.


Innovation of technology in communication, especially social media offer an interactive platform for young people to participate in political activities. By using social media, lack of media literacy competency reported has a significant influence on low integrity conduct such as flashing provocation, joining the street demonstration, spreading fake news, defamation and slanders intentionally to create damage on certain political parties. This scenario significantly leads to high political cynicism that affected political participation integrity level among young people in social media. Since, low political participation integrity source of unhealthy democracy, this study aims to examine the effect of media literacy dimensions such as access, evaluation and act toward political participation integrity among young people in social media. A survey was used for data gathering among 388 Higher Education Institution students in Melaka. The data analyzed descriptively and inferentially using SPSS and SEM AMOS to provide an empirical understanding of news media literacy contribution towards political participation integrity. This study presents the significant effect of media literacy from dimensions of access, analysis and evaluation and acts towards political participation integrity. Surprisingly, educated yang people claimed from the previous study has little interest to politically engage in social media, basically participate in political activities such as neutralising negative comment in social media posted by the online community, reporting misconduct in social media to the authorized body and updating political information on certain issues using personal social media account.


Pertussis is an endemic disease in our population. Every 3 to 4 years, pertussis has an epidemic pattern even in countries with good health conditions. Antipertussis vaccine first dose is administered at the age of 2 months; a second and third dose are given at 4 and 6 months of age. This vaccine has an 8 to 10 year protective effect, for which reason it is suggested that pregnant women in the third trimester should be vaccinated in order to prevent pertussis in newborns. It should also be administered to older people to avoid turning them into asymptomatic carriers. Clinic manifestations are easily identifiable due to respiratory symptoms, especially to the particular characteristics of the cough. The diagnosis is supported by the presence of leukocytosis (predominantly lymphocytes) and by certain thoracic radiologic findings. The diagnosis is confirmed with a positive culture for Bordetella pertussis or with a polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In a non complicated clinic course macrolides are still the best therapeutic choice. Nonetheless clinic observation is highly recommended in order to avoid complications. Redefinition of vaccine programs against Bordetella pertussis in Mexican population is recommended and also to notify the presence of the disease to the corresponding health authorities.


Recently referenced are the nuances of Kushly CBD Hemp Gummies. This medication is helpful for an individual dealing with some resting issues, apprehension, and misery and skin aggravation or torture.


This article argues that for large masses of the workers, peasants, agricultural laborers, and petty producers, especially in the Third World, for whom freedom consists in their ability to struggle to improve their living condition, globalization entails a loss of freedom compared even to what they had enjoyed under earlier dirigiste regimes that had functioned within a democratic set up. They become victims of growing inequality and even of growing absolute nutritional poverty through the spontaneous working of the neoliberal arrangement that characterizes contemporary globalization. At the same time, their capacity to bring about changes through collective political intervention is also taken away from them because of this very phenomenon of globalization, under which finance is globalized while the state remains a nation-state. The article also argues that delinking is also extremely difficult, as it brings in its wake transitional difficulties which are not just immense in themselves but become even more formidable because of the sanctions imposed at the behest of advanced countries. The working people of the Third World are thus kept in a bind. Moreover, as globalization gets engulfed in an economic crisis, this bind is further tightened through the institution of authoritarian and fascistic political regimes that launch an assault on individual rights and democratic institutions: the abridgement of freedom is then carried to an even higher level.


Objective:To study the immunogenicity of heparin sodium and chondroitin polysulfate.Methods:Rabbits were immunized with a mixture of heparin sodium,heparin sodium with impurity of chondroitin polysulfate,chondroitin polysulfate and Freund adjuvant.The antibodies of the rabbit were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and agar-immune diffusion test.Results:No antibody was found in all rabbits by ELISA.The agar-immune diffusion test indicated that no antigen-antibody compound formed in 72 h.Conclusion:Heparin sodium and chondroitin polysulfate have no immunogenicity on rabbits.


From a continuum of differentiation in intimate or close and prolonged relationships the author derives a model based on three styles: Abuse-Atrophy (A); Reactive-Repetitive (R), and Conductive-Constructive (C).


Objective To investigate changes of interleukin (IL)-8 and IL-17 and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) levels in peripheral blood and sputum from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and their clinical significances. Methods The peripheral blood and sputum IL-8 and IL-17 and TGF-β levels were determined in 30 patients during acute episode and after disappearance of symptoms and 15 normal control by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results The levels of IL-8 and IL-17 and TGF-β in both peripheral blood and sputum of patients in acute episodes increased significantly compared with those in patients with stable episode and in normal group (P<0.01). The levels of IL-8 and IL-17 and TGF-β in both peripheral blood and sputum of patients in stable episode increased significantly when compared with those in normal group (P<0.01). Conclusions The levels of IL-8 and IL-17 and TGF-β in both peripheral blond and sputum of patients in acute episod and stable episode increased significantly, so that airway inflammation remained throughout the acute episode and stable episode, IL-8 and IL-17 and TGF-β are obviously correlated with the airway inflammation and airway obstruction.


A problem currently facing Hewlett-Packard Company's (HP) Computer Systems Organization is whether the workstation business at HP should be a value-add or commodity business as the personal computer and workstation businesses collide. Traditionally, the workstation business has found competitive advantage through its use of internally produced, unique components which optimize product performance due to component interplay. By taking as an example one recently released configuration of a low-range workstation product, material costs, infrastructure costs, and other costs that permeate the supply chain are examined to determine the impact of such choices on supply chain costs and break-even revenue. Unlike many organizations where the component choices are driven from research and development, many of these choices are driven from marketing research. Thus, choices which seem to start out as a marketing "wishlists" turn into choices which involve great cost impacts over the life of the product, and sometimes the life of the product family. By tracing the cost impact of internally designed components, especially where industry standard component choices could have been made, we can determine an estimate of the complete cost implications as opposed to material cost alone. In this thesis, an analysis of the current cost per manufactured workstation, or cost per box, is first determined. Parameters affecting the cost of components where industry standard or platform leveraged components could be used but are not is then determined. A cost per box analysis is conducted to ascertain the projected percentage cost savings which would have been realized had the industry standard or platform leveraged commodity been used. Finally, a projected revenue break-even volume is determined for each of the scenarios analyzed. All data have been disguised to protect Hewlett-Packard Company. The thesis is divided into four chapters. In the first chapter, the problem is introduced. In the second chapter, the modeling techniques used are presented. In the third chapter, various scenarios are presented, explained, and analyzed. In the fourth chapter, conclusions are given, as are recommendations for further study. Supervisors: Lawrence M. Wein, Professor of Management John Tsitsildis, Professor of Electrical Engineering


This paper presents the requirements and specifications of videotelephony services and applications that are being developed or adapted to take advantage and demonstrate the potential of the broadband access networks based on the adaptation of CATV networks for interactive services. Furthermore, it emphasises the experience, problems and conclusions that are being acquired by using the Digital Audio-Visual Council (DAVIC) framework to implement such type of services and applications.


LLA23, an abscisic acid-, stress- and ripening-induced (ASR) protein, was isolated previously from lily (Lilium longiflorum) pollen. Close examination of the C-terminus of this ASR protein revealed the presence of basic regions reminiscent of a nuclear localization signal (NLS). Fluorescence microscopy studies using green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion proteins indicated that the bipartite NLS in LLA23 exhibited nuclear localization properties. Accordingly, mutations in the NLS motifs of LLA23 defined two regions, either of which was necessary for partial nuclear targeting and both of which were required for complete nuclear localization. In addition, oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis identified lysine residues within the NLS necessary for nuclear localization. Immunogold localization confirmed that the protein was located to both the cytoplasm and nucleus of generative and vegetative cells of pollen grains; the generative nuclei showed the highest number of LLA23 labelling. The possible function of ASR proteins in both the cytoplasm and nuclei of pollen grains is discussed.


This work addresses the coexistence of humans and an AI system by presenting an installation in which up to three visitors can interact with an agent that learns to move through an environment. The learning process, a central element of the installation, is made per-ceptible through visualisation and sonification. Since visitors can not only observe the advancement of the learning process but also actively support or impede it, the underlying simulation is not simply a black box but open to human perception and collaboration.


Objective To evaluate the significance of CD82 expression in the metastatic neuro- blastomas.Methods We studied the expression of CD82 in 49 paraffin specimens including 40 neuro- blastoma and 9 ganglioneuroma with immunohistochemistry.Results The CD82 was expressed in 71.43% of metastatic neuroblastomas,34.74% of non-metastatic neuroblastomas and 22.22% of gan- glioneuroma.The differences between the three groups were statistically significant.Conclusions The KAI1/CD82 expression negatively correlates with the metastasis of neuroblastomas.


Cracking and rainwater penetration easily occur at construction joints of reinforced concrete (RC) structures, so there is concern over early corrosion of rebars there. On the assumption that prevention of corrosion of rebars at such joints could alleviate the issue of long-term durability that greatly affects maintenance of RC structures, the authors carried out accelerated corrosion tests of rebar. In that, the authors used rebar samples that had rebars and different types of existing antirust agent and concrete samples that had embedded rebars to simulate construction joints. In the tests, the authors checked the condition of corrosion and compared to Corrosion Grades (Degree of Corrosion) indicated in existing guidelines, to evaluate the corrosion level.


The invention provides an integrated waterway plate and a filter unit provided with the integrated waterway plate. The side surface of the integrated waterway plate is provided with a plurality of joints and a plurality of filter core bases for connecting with a plurality of filter cores, a plurality of channels are formed in the integrated waterway plate, wherein the joints, channels and filter core bases form the whole or partial waterway pipeline of the integrated waterway plate, and the waterway pipeline is communicated when the filter core bases are connected with the filter cores. When the integrated waterway plate is applied in the filter unit, water to be filtered is allowed to flow into the waterway pipeline through one joint of the joints of the integrated waterway plate which is used as the joint of a water inlet, and flow out from one joint of the joints of waterway pipeline which is used as the joint of a water outlet after being filtered through the all or partial filter cores of the filter core bases in the waterway pipeline . According to the invention, the waterway pipeline connection for filtration can be simplified to avoid the water seepage and water leakage, and the space is saved.


Santa Maria Phase (900-z00 BC). As evidence for continuity in the flora, the author mentions how adept the local workmen were at identifying excavated plant remains, and this in spite of factors making for change such as the lowering of the water table, which is accelerated by irrigation, and the effect of the introduction of sheep and goats by the Spaniards. Peanuts and guava appear about zoo BC and are ascribed to direct importation from Peru, but I question the accuracy of the statement that maize appeared in Peru about 1000 BC, although it does not affect the point that there were direct contacts at the time. I t is true that a Mexican varietyappeared in Peruabout


A full bridge level-doubling-network (FBLDN) for symmetric cascaded half bridge based multilevel-dc-link inverter is proposed in this work. FBLDN is formed by using a full bridge with floating capacitor. DC-bus of FBLDN reaches desired voltage from any arbitrary initial voltage without any closed-loop control. FBLDN doubles the number of levels in output voltage, hence considerably increases the resolution. Over a complete cycle, FBLDN neither absorbs, nor delivers energy to the rest of the circuit. This topological configuration is developed in order to reduce the total number of switches and simplify the construction of phase-shifting transformer for the isolated DC-sources. Addition to this, the topology is expected to improve efficiency by significantly reducing the number of switches in conduction-path. Operation of the topology is validated by using a simulation-model developed in MATLAB/ Simulink. Simulation result matches well with theory.


they came back. Where is that case recorded? Is it Case 82 in Dr. Skene Keith's list ? and even if it is not, how is it to be reconciled with the statements mado by Dr. Skene Keith at the end of his paper, "and there has beea no mistake in dicagnosis"? He may say that if a mistake occarred it was his father's, and that may be true enough, for they work together so well, that at the end of an operation I defy any one to say (in some cases, at least) whose operation it was, the father's or the sou's. I do not blame him, but I think it possible, under such circumstances, that a generous and considerate father may estimate the chances of his son's practice in allocating the cases or the results. We therefore should see the tables of father and son side by side, for the same periods, in order to get any fair estimate of what the exact results are. Besides this, we ought to know how many cases they have each declined in the same time, for that thev both pick their cases on a pretty liberal scale is well known. Last Saturday I operated on two cases in the south of Scotland which had been declined by Dr. Thomas Keith, one of these having been also declined by Dr. Skene Keith. Picking cascs may contribute largely, in skilful hands, to keeping the mortality low. But when somebody else o -r +es successfully on the rejected cases, the rej3ctor is made to look uacommonly foolish. One of these Ssotch cases of last Saturday was a parovarian cyst, the kind that is usually most easily diagnosed, and most easily removed. In his paper, Dr. Skene Keith says: "It remains a mystery why surgeons will not even try to cure thess cysts by simple means,-a trocar or cannu-la, not larger than a No. 4 or 5 catheter is all that is required." Bat my pitient at Melrose told me that Dr. Keith tapped her fifteen years ago. She was tapped only eight months ago, and vet I removed ten pints of fliid from her on Saturday. Tapping does not cure these cases, though it may keep them quiet for a long time, but tapping is more fatal than removal. Suppose, now, that both of these Scotch patients of mine die, to whose mortality-tables ought they to be added? I say to Keith's, most certainly, for, in refusing to operate on them, he could have been influenced by no other consideration than his own statistics. I, on the contrary, have never refused to operate on a case of ovarian tumour in my life, and next time Dr. Skene Keith tackles my statistiCs, perhaps he will bear this fact in mind. I never pretend to be absolutely certain of my diagnosis, but I don't mistake parovarian cysts for fibroid -umours.-I am, etc., LAWSON TAIT. 7, The Crescent, Birmilngham. February 21st.


End-to-end network slicing has been viewed as a key enabler for the next generation mobile network (5G), where a Slice Provider (SP) creates various network slices for Slice Customers (SCs) to accommodate diverse services. Due to resource isolation, effective resource allocation for coexisted multiple network slices, \textit{i.e.} network slice dimensioning, is essential to maximize network resource efficiency. From the perspective of operators, both SP and SC pursue a profit-earning business model. However, the relationship between resource efficiency and profit maximization is not clear so far. In this paper, we study network slice dimensioning with resource pricing policy, by exploring this relationship. We first develop an optimization framework for network slice dimensioning, in which the Slice Customer's Problem (SCP) maximizes the SC's profit and the Slice Provider's Problem (SPP) maximizes net social welfare (resource efficiency). We find that maximization of net social welfare and SP's profit are two consistent objectives when resources are scarce; otherwise, there is a tradeoff. Based on this finding, we propose a low-complexity distributed algorithm to achieve near-optimal net social welfare with profit guarantee for SP/SCs. Simulations and numerical results verify the effectiveness of our proposed slice dimensioning strategy, which can help fully exploiting the capability of network slicing.


The designed low - voltage reactive power compensation device is composed of the main module and several compensation modules interconnected through CAN bus. The main module can identify all connected compensation modules and the quantity of compensation module depends on the compensation capacity required. Voltage limitation,power factor,load current and minimum capacitor capacity are considered in its control policy besides the load reactive power. The dynamic modification technology is adopted in the capacitor switching judgement program to reduce its error,which adjusts the compensation capacity in real time according to voltage fluctuation. Contrastive analysis with conventional device indicates that the modularized structure has high reliability,high power density,simple connection, convenient extension,etc.. Practical test results show that,the intelligent control policy and dynamic modification technology improve the performance index of the new device and its compensation effect is better than the conventional product with the same configuration.


Palabras clave: Sericultura. Estructura poblacional. Marcadores moleculares. Abstract. Twenty-three silkworm Bombyx mori L. strains (twelve Japanese and eleven Chinese strains), belonging to the CDTS (Technological Development Center for Sericulture) silkworm germplasm bank, were analyzed using the Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) technique. Four combinations of primers were used. The four assayed combinations produced 247 bands with an average polymorphism of 54,6%; which, when corrected using Lynch and Milligan's criteria, resulted in 168 bands with a polymorphism of 90,4%. The dendrogram was built using the UPGMA algorithm for the dissimilarity data, revealing two very well defined groups that correspond to the Japanese and Chinese geographical races. The heterozigocity average was higher in the Japanese race lines, showing a greater dispersion in the UPGMA and the main components analysis. The population structure study indicate that although the two races are not very different from each other, there exists a component of greater variance between the established groups than within them, which shows a significant level of genetic differentiation.


This paper considers a decentralized asymmetrically Complementary Product Supply Chain consisting of two complementary suppliers and two competitive retailers. We will analyze the pricing game between the supply chain players and study the effects of pricing behavior on system's performance. We also provide a number of numerical examples to demonstrate some important managerial insights.


Client–manager relationships have evolved from the traditional relationship limited to basic equity and fixed-income services to strategic alliances in which information is transparent and shared, financial interests are aligned, and clients and managers work toward common goals. In the future, industry trends, such as the growth in passive management and in-house management, will continue to shape this relationship.


For the production of photovoltaic cells, the silicon purity can be intermediate between metallurgical grade silicon (MG-Si, 98%–99.9% pure) and electronic grade silicon (>99.9999% pure). This silicon, with intermediate purity and that still meets solar cell requirements, is called upgraded metallurgical grade silicon (UMG-Si). One method of producing UMG-Si is applying a controlled solidification process, like unidirectional solidification (heat exchange method), zone melting (or zone refining), or Czochralski growth to MG-Si. These processes use the impurities solubility difference in solid and liquid silicon known as effective distribution coefficient (K). For these reasons, to study the solidification process, it is necessary to determine K for silicon impurities, which is the objective of this study. MG-Si (99.85% purity or 1500 ppm of impurities) was processed by 1 pass of zone melting at 1 mm/min using an electron beam furnace with water cooled copper crucible. The effective distribution coefficien...


Mobile device is most popular role in soc iety like social networking for billions of regular users, even that mobile as problem. When we are in unexpec ted meeting, need to switch off the device to avoid from call disturbance exactly that time some important c all will happen, the person did not have any inform ation that he had missed call or some information is miss ing. Mobile connection networks provides facilitate missed call information but it would be charged per one SMS or number of information messages to get o ur mobile device. Missed Call and SMS Mailer is a free Android application to get missed call and sms ale rts on our mobile device or email. The application identif ies the missed calls on mobile Android and sends yo u the caller information on the mobile or email registere d with the app. The mail sent by the application co ntains the name of the caller person, time date, month, ye ar, if it is saved in contact list. In case the cal ler number is not saved, then the application sends you the calle r number along with the exact time of missed call. To use the android just need to register the mail ID, choo se the phone mode at which the app should send the missed call email alert and you are all set. Now, the appl ication will start sending the emails of each and e very missed call which you missed to receive on your And roi phone. Key Terms: Android Application; Missed call alert ; Mobile devices


Article history: Received: 4 Aug 2012 Accepted: 12 Dec 2012 Available online: 5 May 2013 ZJRMS 2014; 16(3): 55-58 Background: Studies confirmed anticancer properties of saffron extract. Angiogenesis, formation of new blood vessels which is necessary in many physiological stages and pathological events such as tumor growth. So it would be an effective strategy to inhibit angiogenesis to treat many cancers and metastasis. In this experimental study, effects of saffron on angiogenesis in chick chorioalantoic membrane (CAM) were investigated. Materials and Methods: Fifity ross fertilized eggs divided in 5 groups, including: control, sham exposed, experimental group 1, 2 and 3. In second day of incubation window was opened on eggs. In day 8 gelatin sponges contain gelatin and albumin was put on chorioalantoic membrane and was soaked with Saffron aqua extract in concentration 100, 400 and 800 μg/ml. In 12th day all cases were photographed by photo stereomicroscope. Numbers and lengths of vessels around the sponges were measured by Image J software. Data were analyzed with SPSS-16 in significant level p<0.05. Results: According to data analysis, changes had no correlation on the average length of blood vessels in the first experimental group (41.5±5.5 mm), compared with the control group, (44.5±2.4 mm). While in the second and third experimental group (40.2±2.1 mm) and (38.4±3.8 mm) these changes were significant (p=0.001). On the other hand, the average number of blood vessels in the first experimental group (22.07±5.2) in compare with the control group (27.46±4.4) shows a significant reduction (p=0.02), this decline between the second (18.80±4.4) and third (15.87±3.8) experimental groups was significant at the level of p=0.001. Conclusion: Saffron extract has a dose dependent inhibitory effect on angiogenesis in chick chorioalantoic membrane. Copyright © 2014 Zahedan University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.


Contemporary studies of human problem solving have concentrated primarily on assessing the performance of the average learner in a variety of problem situations; as yet, researchers have shown little interest in the problem-solving strategies of the exceptional or gifted learner. The renewal of concern for appropriate education of the gifted in the past five years, however, and the current development of special school provisions and curricula for such students, demand more serious consideration of those characteristics of gifted learners which distinguish them from average students. Although superior problem-solving ability is one of the traits most often cited as characteristic of gifted students (Clark, 1979; Kaplan, 1975; Martinson, 1974; Seagoe, 1978) there have been few experimental studies investigating the nature of this ability and comparing it with that of average students. Other characteristics of the gifted which are presumed to be related to problem-solving ability include the tendency to remember more information, and to generalize


This study intends to measure the indexibility and the information quantity in title and abstract. The result of analysis was that when the source was title or abstract, result was not good. But when it was the title and abstract, the result was better.