G. SCHRIEDER, F. HEIDHUES, RURAL FINANCIAL MARKETS Cameroon's overall food self-sufficiency rate equals 96 percent. Nevertheless, chronic and transitory food insecurity exists. Natural calamities and population density are generally accepted as prime causes of Cameroon's food insecurity problem. The country's North suffers from periodic droughts, and in its West and NorthWest provinces production falls short of needs due to insufficient access to arable land. The underlying hypothesis of this paper is that notwithstanding natural constraints and population pressure, the food security of Cameroon's rural population can be improved by developing accesible financial markets. The impact of missing rural finance schemes for the poor's food security reveals itself in two ways. Firstly, if the poor have no access to financial means to bridge temporary, often seasonal short-term food shortages, human productive capacity suffers through maland undernutrition. Lower productivity and income losses are the consequence. This can lead to chronic food insecurity if human productive capacity is lost in the long run. Secondly, an income shortfall and inaccessibility to external financial means can undermine the ability of rural households to invest in agriculture which may sap long-term food security. Non-investment in agriculture and alternative income creating activities reduces future income streams and consecutively endangers food security in the long run. In the framework of the IFPRI/University of Hohenheim Project 'Credit for the Rural Poor in Sub-Saharan A frica', a detailed micro-economic survey has been conducted from October 1991 to October 1992 in three Cameroonian provinces (Adamawa, North West and West). The empirical results support the above hypothesis that food security relates to financial market access and income improvements. Access to sustainable financial market services improves income, and in turn, income has a positive and significant impact on rural households' food security. Financial market services can improve food security in providing both, production and consumption credit.


The β-cyclodextrin(S-CD) derivative was applied to the durable press(DP) finish of cotton fabric to decrease the strength loss of the fabric.As a result,with 2% S-CD and 10% F-ECO(modified dimethyloldihydroxy-ethyleneurea) in a single bath,the strength loss of treated fabric has been improved,both retention of breaking and tearing strength can increase 29%.The effect of concentration of S-CD,curing temperature and curing time on the durable press performance and the strength was studied.The optimum conditions are defined,which is,10% F-ECO,2% S-CD and 10% MgCl_2·6H_2O,curing at 150 °C for 2minutes for cotton fabric.


The theme of Bachelor ´s dissertation The Influence of religion on ethics and etiquette in the Arabic countries is about family and marriage ethics and etiquette in assorted Muslim families. It analyses strict Orthodox elements of Islamic religion and ethics and rules of etiquette in real life. Than it compares different findings from controlled interviews related to existence of marriage and family, with proven claims about the life of Prophet Muhammad , who first formulated the moral principles and moral code of ethics. Obtained conclusions might show that cultural differences, Orthodox faith and strict rules of moral principles, could lead two people in union of full marital and family life.


Among the different strategies to actively remove space debris from low and geostationary Earth orbits, it has been recently proposed to use a highly collimated neutralized plasma beam pointed at a generic debris from a nearby "shepherd satellite" to perform a contactless deorbiting or re-orbiting manoeuvre. A key aspect of such removal concept is the need to stabilize the relative position of the co-orbital debris-shepherd system throughout the orbital transfer manoeuvre and prevent accidental collisions. In the present article we report 3-D numerical simulations of the IBS relative dynamics and control problem.


Kidney diseases are one of the most common diseases worldwide and cause unbearable pain in most people. In this study aims to detecting the cyst and stone in the kidney. For the this purpose, YOLO architecture designs were used for detection of kidney, kidney cyst and kidney stone. The YOLO architecture designs were supported by the explainable artificial intelligence (xAI) feature. CT images in three classes, namely 72 kidney cysts, 394 kidney stones and 192 healthy kidneys were used in the performance analysis part of the YOLO architecture designs. As a result, YOLOv7 architecture design outperformed the YOLOv7 Tiny architecture design. YOLOv7 architecture design achieved the mAP50 of 0.85, precision of 0.882, sensitivity of 0.829 and F1 score of 0.854. Consequently, deep learning based xAI assisted computer aided diagnosis (CAD) system was developed for diagnosis of kidney diseases.


Sri Lanka has made impressive achievements in the development and spread of a HYV technology package for rice during the last two and a half decades. This enabled her to proudly claim to be at the brink of self sufficiency in rice. Nevertheless, farm level rice output was consistently found to be well below the experimental station levels and the levels that could be achieved on the farm with research level management. Farm level rice output from a given combination of inputs can be different from the best practice output in a domain due to pure statistical noise, technical inefficiency and allocative inefficiency. The objectives of this dissertation were first, to examine farm specific technical efficiency in rice cultivation in the Kurunegala district of Sri Lanka and second, to recognize factors causing differential levels of technical efficiency. Average production function analysis was performed to approximate the specification of the average rice cultivation technology practised in the area using data from a sample of 203 farmers. Average production function was specified as the relationship between farm paddy output and selected explanatory variables that included three essential quantity inputs: land area, seed quantity and land preparation labour; four non-essential quantity inputs: weeding labour, quantity of nitrogen used, herbicide cost and bullock power; and qualitative dummy variables: method of irrigation, method of crop establishment and soil fertility. A modified Cobb-Douglas functional form was selected with essential inputs entering in multiplicative form and non-essential inputs entering in exponential form. All the quantity inputs variables were found to be positively contributing to farm paddy output. Irrigation and method of establishment entered the production relationship as useful shifter variables and, in addition irrigation was found to interact with herbicide cost variable and soil fertility dummy. The effect of herbicide cost variable was found to be significantly different in irrigated and rainfed areas.


The fluorescence emission mechanism and some defects existing in conventional fluorescence evaluation methods are discussed. A new method for fluorescence evaluation on mud and mud additives is established on the basis of lots of investigation. The new method can avoid fluorescence quench caused by high concentration of measured fluid and personal error. It is especially suitable for fluorescence analysis of condensate oils, light oils and some mud additives with lower wavelength than 400 nm. Compared with the traditional methods, the new method is more accurate and trustworthy for determining the influencing extent of mud and mud additives on cuttings fluorologging.


This article examines changes in institutions that protected property rights in the Alps between the thirteenth and the nineteenth century and, in particular, alternative management systems adopted for the common pastures and forests in about 200 communities. Over time, private-order institutions in the form of charters replaced informal arrangements sustained by the long-run interaction among villagers. Although costly to run, the charters accomplished several tasks that increased resource use efficiency.


The chitinase producing ability of Pseudomonas fluorescens strains viz., PF1, PB2 and FP7 was evaluated in a culture medium with and without a chitin source. The addition of 1% (v/v) chitin in culture medium significantly increased the bacterial population and chitinase activity. Among three strains tested, FP7 responded well to the addition of chitin by producing 31.2% increased chitinase in culture. Western blot analysis with chitinase antibody detected six and five chitinase isoforms in culture inoculated with FP7 and PF1, respectively.


This study was aimed to survey the bone mineral density (BMD) of Thai elders in Samut Songkhram province which were measured with 352 elders by using calcaneal ultrasound bone densitometers (Sonost 2000, OsteoSys, Korea). According with BMD level, bone status of elders was characterized as osteoporosis, osteopenia and normal BMD, which were 113 (32.1%), 160 (45.5%) and 79 (22.4%), respectively. Over three-fourths of elders had abnormal BMD, however, they were well behaviors in osteoporosis protection. Moreover, we cannot guarantee that elders with normal BMD of heel bone had normal BMD in other bone, such as, hip bone and lumbar spine. Long-term education and calcium supplement should be act as osteoporosis intervention program. Constantly screening and monitoring of osteoporosis in risk elders were also necessary to reduce chance of fracture and accident in elders.


In the last quarter of 1998, the U.S. homeownership rate reached an all-time high of 66.3 percent. The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) heralded the event as an indication that one of its main policy goals—increasing homeownership—was being achieved. Given this current state of affairs, it may seem a bit odd to devote an entire issue of Housing Policy Debate to the status of renters and rental housing in the United States. But the status (and attendant problems) of renters remains an important public policy and market issue even in a nation where two in three households now own rather than rent. Although the national homeownership rate is high, rates are much lower in central cities and among minority groups. Rental housing, especially multifamily, remains a key resource in meeting the housing needs of millions. Some households rent by choice, but more do so out of necessity. In this issue of Housing Policy Debate, we examine who is renting multifamily housing, what the financial condition of the rental stock is, how multifamily properties affect nearby property values, what efforts are under way to preserve affordable housing, and what innovations improve distressed public housing.


In this article, we survey the asymptotic stability analysis of fractional differential systems with the Prabhakar fractional derivatives. We present the stability regions for these types of fractional differential systems. A brief comparison with the stability aspects of fractional differential systems in the sense of Riemann-Liouville fractional derivatives is also given.


This study sets out to examine the structural and spatial changes in the relative status of the hundred largest urban centers in Japan from 1880 to 1980 in relation to the develop ment of railway network; it charts the structural changes by means of rank -size curves and rank correlation coefficients, and the spatial changes by means of descriptive maps . We can date the structural and spatial patterns of the present urban system as well as the geo


This paper carries out a socio-anthropological analysis of Tem Acucar?, a mobile application created in the name of collaborative consumption, intended for objects loans, donations and exchanges between neighbors of large cities. Placing the discussion in the context of the new collective mobilizations organized in the name of solidarity, it adheres to the interpretative framework of the gift, inherited from the French socio-anthropological school, for a better understanding of the phenomenon. It seeks to understand the experiences and perceptions of its users and reflects on the aspects that enhance and limit the purpose of this socio-technical network in Rio de Janeiro. Interpretative phenomenology is adopted, including observation, interaction and interviews with users to describe and analyze the adherence to the app values, the types of objects that circulate, the way in which encounters occur and the role of trust in the viability of reciprocity relationships. In addition to a strong commitment to the cause of reducing the consumption and the promotion of collaboration and trust among neighbors, the principle of the gift was verified in this sociotechnical network in practices that can only be understood under an anti-utilitarian approach. At the same time, trust is an essential factor for the materialization of exchanges and its construction depends on the reputation of the user, as well as the comments of third parties on their profile.


With the rapid advancement of big data and multi-sensor fusion technology, it becomes easier to obtain traffic flow information. According to these related data, some methods are designed to forecast the traffic flow, which can provide decision support for scheduling and optimizing the intelligent transportation systems (ITS). Thus, the forecasting methodology of traffic flow becomes one of the most popular fields of ITS. To predict traffic flow more accurately, we propose a novel LSTnet-GRU-A model, which adds an attention module to the progressive LSTnet model, then, by regulating the weight of the hiding state, the LSTnet-GRU-A model is developed to model multi-dimensional traffic flow data. The dataset MITV is used as the sample library and the performance of different models is given to show the superiority of LSTnet-GRU-A. To optimize the model, the strategies of learning rate automatic decline and early stopping are adopted. Furthermore, the five checkpoints of our model are saved for snapshot ensembles to generate the optimal performance. Multiple experimental results prove that the LSTnet-GRU-A proposed in this paper achieves SOTA performance consistently.


Substituents affect coupling constants in bicyclic heteroaromatic compounds: they increase 3Jαβ and 4JαIµ, slightly decrease 4Jαγ and 5Jαδ and have little effect on 3Jβγ. The regularities disclosed allow prediction of J in substituted systems. ortho-Substituent effects on chemical shifts relate to the corresponding 3J values in the unsubstituted compound, reflecting the dependence of both on partial bond fixation.


It is well known that microstructures of a heating surface significantly enhances critical heat flux (CHF) of pool boiling due to the surface roughness-amplified capillary force. We suggest the limitation of the capillary effect induced by the surface roughness, by modelling a capillary wicking flow and a permeable liquid flow on the microstructured surface. Then, the critical size of microstructure for CHF delay were calculated, and evaluated in pool boiling experiments on the microfabricated structured surfaces. The experimental results also demonstrated that the CHF enhancement by roughness was limited by the permeable liquid flow, rewetting performance through structured surface.


ABSTRACT Twin-screw extrusion of wheat flour and the effects on the flour proteins were studied using flour samples containing 9, 20, and 30% protein. Vital gluten containing 70% protein was used to achieve the flour protein levels. The three flour samples were extruded with a twin-screw extruder at a combination of processing parameters (exit die temperatures of 120, 140, and 160°C, and screw speeds of 240, 320, and 400 rpm). Increasing extruder exit die temperatures resulted in increased sulfhydryl content of the 9 and 20% protein content flour samples, but appeared to have little or no effect on the 30% protein content flour sample. Similarly, disulfide content decreased, albeit disproportionately, following the same trend. Both sulfhydryl and disulfide contents of extruded samples were lower than those of the nonextruded samples and could imply denaturation of protein, aggregation through intermolecular disulfide bonds, or oxidation during extrusion processing. Total cysteine content of extruded sampl...


A diesel fuel-contaminated aquifer in Menziken, Canton of Aargau, Switzerland, was in situ bioremediated from 1989 to 1994 by adding O2, NO−3 PO3−4, and NH+4 through an infiltration well. After a remediation time of 3.5 years, aquifer material from the contaminated zone was excavated and found to contain >106 hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms/g and 1.15 ± 0.15 mg/g weathered diesel fuel comprizing mainly isoprenoid alkanes and an unresolved complex mixture (UCM) of unknown components. Samples of this material were incubated for up to 470 days in aerobic and anaerobic microcosms. The microbial activity was determined by measuring the production of inorganic carbon and the consumption of O2 and NO−3. The degradation of the weathered diesel fuel was quantified by infrared spectroscopy and by capillary gas chromatography. In aerobic microcosms, all isoprenoid alkanes and most of the UCM were biodegraded as long as a nitrogen source was present. The O2 consumption could be stimulated by adding KH2PO4 and by elevating the temperature to 22° C. In anaerobic microcosms with KNO3, NO−3 was consumed, inorganic carbon was produced, and the isoprenoid alkanes and the UCM were partially metabolized. In some selected microcosms, the NO−3 consumption rate was stimulated by adding external substrates such as toluene, o-xylene, m-xylene, p-xylene, n-alkanes, or fatty acids. Mineralization of toluene, naphthalene, and hexadecane to CO2 under denitrifying conditions was confirmed by using [14C]-labelled substrates.


A method is proposed in this paper for resolving dynamic service evolving based on OSGi. First, use indirect method for updating service definition based-on OSGi. The method can make dynamic evolving transparent. Then, divide service definition into implementation and data, which makes fields in service instance consistent and evolvable. The adding/deleting service during evolving is also discussed. A project is implemented, which can direct how to design, execute and evolve updatable service. The methods mentioned in the paper may be helpful to


In this article our proposal is to think, from philosophies as diverse as Nietzsche and Arendt, relevant theoretical questions of social memory, linked to the issue of politics in actuality. The starting point of the thesis that Nietzsche and Arendt, although authors are not linked directly to social memory, present ideas that can contribute to this prolific discursive field. Justifies this argument finding that the thinkers pose the problem of memory and forgetting in the center of his reflection on society and on the political. To approach these ideas about memory and politics in Nietzsche and Arendt, as proposed methodological study we focus on those who consider the most important writings of each of them - Genealogy of Morals and The Origins of Totalitarianism, respectively - in which these concepts are thematized in tersely. In both books memory and forgetting are interpreted in different ways, such as social phenomenon that emerge in a context of violence, coercion. Philosophers concerned recognize that memory and forgetting are social processes brought pain and violence. For them, the challenge is to study the processes developed by the violence that establishes and controls the power in various social settings, discussing the role of memory and forgetting these corporate settings. The scope of this article, therefore, is to ask how, in thinkers such as Nietzsche and Arendt, memory and politics can be interpreted through perspectives, even from some notions very close, come to very different conclusions.


Two populations of the okra viz., single cross F2 , and double cross F2 were developed using BH-1, BH-2, BH-3, BH-4, BH-5 and BH-6 lines. The objective was to determine the genetic variability, nature of association among different yield attributes and their direct and indirect contribution towards yield. It was observed that mean squares due to genotypes were significant for all the traits, indicating the presence of genetic variability in the experimental material. The values of PCV were higher than that of GCV values for all the twelve characters indicating influence of environmental effects in the expression of these characters and it was found more in DC F2 as compared to SC F2 population. The GCV, heritability and genetic advance were higher for plant height, fruit yield per plant, fruit weight and days to 50 per cent flowering which might be attributed to additive gene action of inheritance in DC F2 population. From the correlation and path coefficient analyses, it revealed that the top priority should be given to selection based on numbers of fruit per plant, fruit length, fruit diameter and fruit weight for yield improvement and could be considered while formulating selection indices in the improvement of okra. Path coefficient analysis revealed that fruit weight had maximum direct contribution (0.869) towards fruit yield followed by number of fruits per plant (0.323) and fruit length (0.079). This revealed that DC F2 population showed more variability compare to SC F2 because it involves diverse parents in its development compare to SC F2 population.


Posterior left ventricular infarcts usually occur with inferior MIs but may be difficult to diagnose when they occur in isolation without inferior ST


Receptor Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Is a Marker for Pyramidal Cells and Sensory Neurons in the Nervous System and Is Not Necessary for Normal Development Smaragda Lamprianou, Nathalie Vacaresse, Yoshihisa Suzuki, Hamid Meziane, Joseph D. Buxbaum, Joseph Schlessinger, and Sheila Harroch* Institut Pasteur, Department of Neuroscience, 25 Rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris, France; Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, P.O. Box 208066, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8066; Mouse Clinical Institute, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, Strasbourg, France; and Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Departments of Psychiatry, Neuroscience, and Geriatrics and Adult Development, One Gustave Levy Place, New York, New York 10029


This study aims at investigating the influence of individual, organizational and technology factors on the success of knowledge sharing among senior officers of the Royal Malaysia Police (RMP). Level of education and length of service and knowledge self-efficacy are individual factors; top management support is
organizational factor and ICT use is technology factor were used in this study as the independent variables. Respondents of this study were 230 senior officers that rank from Inspector to Superintendent who serve at Criminal Investigation Department (CID), Commercial Crime Investigation Department (CCID) and Narcotics Crime Investigation Department (NCID) at RMP headquarter in Bukit Aman. This study is a quantitative research that formally test the conceptual model developed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 22. Multiple regression and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were performed to test the hypotheses of the study. The results indicated that all of the factors (self-efficacy, top management support and ICT use) were positively and significantly related to knowledge sharing and there is no significant difference in knowledge sharing based on level of education and length of service among senior officers of RMP. It is believed that this study could contribute to theories and managerial practices.


This article reports the results of an investigation into the structure of marketing in a market town in northern Punjab and into the pattern of arrivals and prices of farm produce. Numerical data were collected from the marketing committee's1 records, while other information was acquired by visual observation and conversations with traders and farmers coming into the market. The investigation was made over the period October 1960 to April 1961 as opportunity arose in the course of the authors' primary duties at Panjab University.


NEOV, B., D. TEOFANOVA, L. ZAGORCHEV, G. RADOSLAVOV and P. HRISTOV, 2013. Mi lk protein polymorphism in Bulgarian grey cattle population. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., Supplement 2, 19: 194–196 Application of gene specifi c molecular markers in genotyping and genetic identifi cation is of an essential signifi cance for preserving genetic diversity. The aim of the present research is to reveal the genotype profi le of native Bulgarian Grey cattle population with respect to lactoprotein genes: kappa-casein and αS1-casein through PCR-RFLP analysis. The results for kappa-casein locus show superiority of heterozygous AB genotype and prevalence of the uncommon B allele. Analysis of the polymorphism of alfaS1-casein gene displays high frequency of heterozygous BC genotype and C allele of gene. Genetic profi le of the breed is compared to other cattle populations to establish the position of the breed about other European cattle breeds genetic diversity. It may be concluded that Bulgarian grey cow is with specifi c genotype profi le similar to other cattle population in South-Eastern Europe.


Modern challenges of the economy are an adaptation to the changes taking place in the world community. New forms of interaction in human society, transferred to the digital space, are gaining increasing importance. Economic entities must respond fully to the demands of the digital environment. At the same time, the state mustn't reduce its fiscal control over such digital operations. The purpose of the article is to analyze the legislative regulation of taxation of business entities that work in areas related to IT technologies and activities carried out on the Internet. This study covers difficulties and debatable issues arising in the taxation of business entities due to the implementation of digitalization. The authors systematized the features of taxation of the activities of Diya City residents following the current tax legislation of Ukraine. The article contains detailed explanations of which electronic services are subject to VAT and which transactions are not electronic services. The main key points for non-residents and providers of electronic services regarding VAT payment have been systematized. Attention is paid to issues related to the taxation of transactions with cryptocurrency. The authors performed a detailed analysis of the Draft Law of Ukraine "On Amendments to the Code of Criminal Procedure and Some Other Laws of Ukraine Regarding Transactions with Cryptocurrency", and individual tax consultations of the State Tax Service of Ukraine. It was established that when taxing operations with virtual assets, particularly cryptocurrency, it is necessary to be guided by the norms of the Tax Code of Ukraine. In individual conflicting situations that arise due to various types of operations with cryptocurrency, it is recommended to contact the State Tax Service for individual clarifications.


The purpose of this study was to evaluate the thermal and subjective comfort of various pesticide-proof clothes made from different material. Seven male adults took part in the study, conducted in a climate-chamber controlled with an ambient temperature of 30℃ and a relative humidity of 60%RH. The thermal and subjective responses of subjects wearing pesticide-proof clothing made of Goretex(coating treatment), polyester (water-repellent treatment), non-woven(coating) and nylon(coating) were measured. The main results were summarized as follows: (1) Change of rectal temperature and clothing microclimate were inhibited more effectively in pesticide-proof clothing made of Goretex, polyester and non-woven than nylon materials. (2) Mean skin temperature at the end of the experiment was significantly higher in subjects who wore nylon than non-woven and Goretex, and was lowest in those with pesticide-proof clothing made of polyester. (3) Change of heart rate was significantly lower in subjects with Goretex and polyester clothiing than those with non-woven, and in those with nylon, it was highest. (4) Subjective comfort was greater in subjects with Goretex, polyester and nonwoven clothing than nylon, except for thermal sensation. Thermal sensation was greater in order of polyester, Goretex, non-woven and nylon. Thus, it was concluded that pesticide-proof clothing made of Goretex, polyester and non-woven material could reduce thermal stress during the spraying of pesticides in summer.


Transportation agencies across the world have been implementing different types of Pavement Management Systems (PMS) to facilitate pavement management and maintenance. Obtaining the necessary information in a manual pavement distress data collection process is costly and time consuming. Research on the data collection of pavement conditions has focused mainly on evaluating the quality of the data collected and there is limited research on ways to improve the efficiency of the data collection process (e.g., selection of optimized routes for collecting data). In this study, Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and Agent Based Modeling (ABM) using swarm intelligence are integrated to optimize decision making processes for optimal routing selection in manual data collection process. The GIS platform provides the road spatial database containing the pavement sections that will be evaluated. Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) was selected as the algorithm to optimize the decision making process of pavement evaluation crews (agents) during the pavement distress data collection process. Both the GIS and ABM models are developed using available data from the manual pavement distress data collection process in summer 2012 for the State of New Mexico. The results of this research will improve the understanding of route selection for pavement data collection. INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND Transportation agencies across the world have been implementing different types of Pavement Management Systems (PMS) to help with the decision-making processes of designing new roads and providing maintenance to existing ones. There are two types of data collected for a PMS: (1) Inventory data, which describes the physical elements of the road system that do not change markedly over time (e.g., pavement structure, geometrics, costs, and environment) and (2) condition data which describes


In this study, the surface of biodegradable microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) powder was modified with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APS) to introduce -NH2 functional groups on the surface by silanization. After mixing APS modified MCC (MCC-APS) powders in poly(tetrahydrofuran) (PTHF, Mw= ~1000 g/mol), they were reacted with 4,4'methylenebis(phenyl isocyanate) (MDI) to make prepolymers, and chain-extended with 1,4-butanediol (1,4-BD) to prepare polyurethane (PU) composites. The effect of MCC-APS fillers on various properties of PU composites were studied using thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), universal testing machine (UTM) and dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA). The interfacial binding between MCC-APS and PU matrix was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM). We observed significant increase in tensile moduli and significant decrease in elasticity with increasing MCC-APS contents in PU composites, due to the strong urea bond formation at the interface between the MCC-APS and the PU matrix.


In recent years, young Latin American‐Jewish film directors have produced films that portray the Jewish communities in both Argentina and Brazil. While Argentine‐Jewish filmmakers have been prominent since the beginning of the film industry in Argentina, it is the first time a group of contemporary directors share the depiction of Jewish life and culture. For his part, Brazilian‐Jewish director Cao Hamburger also chooses to present the Jewish community of São Paulo in his award‐nominated film, O ano em que meus pais saíram de férias [The year my parents went on vacation (2007)]. This article explores what this self‐representation entails for Argentine‐Jewish and Brazilian‐Jewish filmmakers, as well as on the commonalities of Jewish characters presented in the films of Daniel Burman, Gabriel Lichtmann, Ariel Winograd and Cao Hamburger.


It may be stretching a point to mention "Santa Claus Is Coming to Town" in a treatment manual for behavioral sleep interventions. However, this popular holiday song does show some folk wisdom on two critical issues for behavioral sleep medicine: the reliability of information sources and adherence to treatment recommendations. In a much more scientific way, Carney and colleagues (2004/this issue) also raise these issues in their important study. Dr. Carney's work has earned the Behavioral Sleep Medicine Early Career Distinguished Research Award, which is awarded to a scientist less than 6 years post training who has first-authored an article judged to be exceptional by peer reviewers. Sleep researchers have long recognized that different information sources can yield different information. For example, estimates of sleep onset latency or sleep duration vary considerably depending on whether they are ascertained by questionnaire, sleep diary, actigraphy, or polysomnography (PSG). Each method has advantages and drawbacks. One-time questionnaires are easy to use and may provide reasonable estimates of habitual sleep patterns, even when judged against sleep diaries (Monk et al., 2003). However, questionnaires are subject to bias by BEHAVIORAL SLEEP MEDICINE, 2(3), 144–147 Copyright © 2004, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.


Gitesh Kumar and Joseph M. SchmittDepartment of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong KongABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to develop quantitative methods for relating the microstructure of a tissue to themagnitude and wavelength dependence of its scattering coefficient. Two methods, cell counting and spatialfrequencyanalysis, were used to estimate the distribution of sizes of structures imaged by light and electron microscopy. Wefound that scatterers in the epidermal layer of the skin exhibit a log-normal size distribution, whereas the spatial


The view of scientific development is the embodies of directing world view development and methodology.It answered correctly the questions of"Why to develop","Whom to develop for","How to develop","By whom to develop"and defined the development direction,development aim,development way and strength of medical cause,entrusted the new history mission for promoting the construction of doctor's morality and style of work,put forward the demand of new intension,provided a new working angle of view and strengthened the new moving vigor.


A model is described that explains the evolution of adult butterfly settling posture. The role of climate and the activity of butterflies is fundamental in determining the effectiveness of primary and secondary visual defence systems based on wing colour and pattern. Both dorsal (open winged) and lateral (closed wing) postures can be regarded as evolutionarily conservative; common postures are found within almost all sub-families. Lateral postures tend to be associated with cool temperate and arctic climates. Conditions that are marginal for activity place an emphasis on the development of underside primary defence, uncompromised by secondary visual defences. In turn, any primary defensive function of the upper surface is reduced but secondary defence may be emphasized. There is interaction between segregation of functions on different wing surfaces and the development of lateral posture. The use of predictable hostplant-habitat structures reduces the role of visual communication in mate-location and facilitates the adoption of a lateral resting posture and a cryptic underside wing pattern. When hostplant-habitat structures are unpredictable but a lateral posture is adopted, primary defence is more important than visual communication for the resting insect. Adjustments of wing morphology facilitate postural conservatism, allowing species to retain particular postures in new hostplant-habitats and climatic zones.


The study is devoted to managing the budget deficit of state extra-budgetary funds in the Russian Federation. The dynamics of income, expenses and deficit of off-budget funds of the Russian Federation is considered. The state of each type of extrabudgetary fund has been assessed. The result of the work was formed reasons for the negative impact of the budget deficit of extrabudgetary funds on the budget system as a whole.


The use of drugs is one of the most common causes of liver injury, because the liver is the main organ that metabolizes drugs. Little is currently done if there is a liver injury due to the hepatotoxic side effects of a drug. Herbal plants have active natural compounds that have pharmacological effects so they are widely used as alternative treatments. Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) is one of the most cultivated plants in Asia. Studies on the use of Ocimum basilicum in medicine have been carried out, one of which is the hepatoprotector effect. Studies indicate that Ocimum basilicum is rich in high antioxidant content (flavonoids, saponins, tannins, sterols, triterpenes, and rosmaniric acid) capable of providing hepatoprotector effects by helping the regeneration process of hepatocyte cells that are damaged by hepatotoxic agents and significantly decreasing liver damage biomarkers. The purpose of this review is to explain the potential of Ocimum basilicum as a hepatoprotective agent for liver injury associated with drugs. The conclusion of this review is Ocimum basilicum has high potential in its utilization as a hepatoprotector against liver injury mainly related to the consumption of drugs that have hepatotoxic effects.


This paper presents a review of research work and methodologies in the field of handwritten signature verification. Handwritten signature is one of the biometrics used even before the advent of computers. There are two types of handwritten signatures: 1) Off-line signature and 2) On-line signature. This paper discusses various methodologies and issues. Further the review of various classifiers and matching techniques used lists in signature verification.


This study provides an eco-friendly dyeing processing for chitosan fiber using Oenothera odorata jacquin as a dye. The effects of chemical mordants (Al, Cu, Fe) and natural mordant (Chestnut shell) on the color change for dyed chitosan fibers were measured by K/S values, L, a*, b*, H, V, C values, color fastness, and antimicrobial activity. The results are as follows. Dyeing conditions of Oenothera odorata jacquin on chitosan fibers were optimized to 70℃, 30 minutes and 200% on weight of fabric (o.w.f.). The premordant concentration of aluminium (Al), copper (Cu) and iron (Fe) of chitosan fibers was optimized to 3% (o.w.f.) and 1% (o.w.f.), respectively. The post-mordant concentration of chemicals, such as Al, Cu and Fe, on chitosan was determined to 1% (o.w.f.). The hue of chitosan fibers by chemical mordants was measured to be reddish & yellow. The pre-mordant concentration of Chestnut shell of chitosan was optimized to 70% (o.w.f.). The post-mordant concentration of Chestnut shell on chitosan was determined to be 50% (o.w.f.). The hue of chitosan fibers by Chestnut shell mordant was measured to be reddish & yellow. The wet cleaning fastness of chitosan fibers was improved by a pre-mordant that used chemical mordants. In the case of the Chestnut shell mordant, the wet cleaning fastness was improved by a postmordant. The dry cleaning fastness of chitosan fibers was excellent regardless of mordants and mordant methods. The antimicrobial activity of the chitosan fiber was shown at 99.9% and its excellent qualities remained after the dyeing and mordant processing.


Web 2.0: definition core concepts and implications tagging and folksonomies A* getting organized: bookmarks web pages Delicious A* popular search engines: Google Microsoft's Live Search Yahoo! Search A* Wikipedia: searching, citing, adding and editing A* searching for media: Flickr YouTube Podscope A* local search: Google Maps Live Search Maps A* print search: Google Book Search Amazon's 'Search Inside the Book' A* searching the past: The Google Cache The Wayback Machine Wikipedia Page Histories A* searching without being there: OpenSearch files creating OpenSearch plugins A* desktop search: Google Desktop Windows Search Desktop Search in Vista A* data visualization: Kartoo Literature Map, etc.


Crack kinking solutions based on Stroh formalism are presented for a monoclinic material with symmetry plane at ~3 = 0. The explicit expressions of the stress intensity factors and energy release rate at the kinked crack tip are presented in terms of nondimensional coefficients together with the stress intensity factors, T-stress, and the coefficients of the third term acting on the main crack tip prior to kinking. The role of T-stress and the third-term applied at the main crack field are determined which can be significant in the kinking and the stability of the kinked crack. Based on the energy release rate fracture criterion, the stability condition of the kinked crack is derived. The influences of anisotropy and loading mixity on the implications of crack kinking behavior are also given. Numerical results for the stress intensity factors at the kinked crack tip and the energy release rate ratio are provided.


Isotropic inequalities between cross sections of various processes for antinucleon production in nucleon and deuteron reactions with H/sub 1/, D/sub 2/, He/sub 3/, and He/sub 4/ were derived. (tr-auth)


In current viticulture, grapevine's protection is obtained by uniform spraying applications repeated according to a regular calendar. This homogenous and continuous approach to crop protection can easily results in more than ten or fifteen treatments per season in several grapevine-growing areas. Nevertheless, rather than being uniformly diffused, primary infections starts from localized discrete foci. There are then evident potential benefits connected to the development of a system able to detect initial infection foci and target treatments on them instead of the current homogenous and unselective sprayings. This would indeed inhibit or decrease the spread-rate of the infection to wider patches in the vineyard, while enabling significant reduction in use of pesticides. Within the UE-project CROPS (Clever Robots for Crops), a modular and multifunctional agricultural robot system for specialty crops was developed and one of its applications is selective spraying of disease foci. The robotic system set-up devoted to this task integrates a six degrees of freedom manipulator, an optical sensor system and a precision spraying actuator. The paper will describe the requirements of the system and its components and it will discuss the results obtained in experiments of selective spraying. As case study, powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator) on grapevine is considered, being one of the major diseases for this specialty crop. The automatic detection and selective spraying of grapevine canopy areas which exhibit disease symptoms are based on optical sensing feedback, while the precision spraying endeffector is positioned by the robotic manipulator to selectively and accurately apply pesticides solely to disease foci. Optical disease detection and localization is based on on-the-go processing of images sensed by a multispectral (R-G-NIR) camera which inspects the entire structure of the grapevine canopy. As end effector on the manipulator arm, a precision spraying actuator is used. It is composed by an axial fan with a flow straightener and an axially mounted spraying nozzle. The sprayer can deliver an air-carrier flow with an adjustable velocity, producing a circular spraying pattern of a constant diameter of 0.15 m over a wide range of spraying distances (0.5 – 1.5 m). A first set of experiments was conducted in a greenhouse, where vineyard canopy conditions were recreated by aligning plants of grapevine grown in pots. Within the recreated canopy, diseased plants with different levels of disease symptoms were used as targets of automated selective spraying performed by the agricultural robot. The results of these experiments are discussed in view of a possible intelligent, close precision crop protection framework.


The invention discloses a slicing method of super-thick multi-layered co-fired ceramics. The slicing method comprises steps as follows: slicing alignment lines are printed on a top raw ceramic chip and a bottom raw ceramic chip; slicing alignment lines on an obtained sintered ceramic plate are located on the top surface and the bottom surface of the ceramic plate; a scribing membrane is pasted and tightened on a frame; the ceramic plate is pasted on the scribing membrane, and a top surface scribing plate-membrane-frame unit is formed; the top surface scribing plate-membrane-frame unit is fixed on a loading table; cutting-up is performed along the slicing alignment lines on the top surface of the ceramic plate, and vertically and horizontally staggered top notches are formed in the upper half part of the ceramic plate in a cutting-up manner; the ceramic plate is taken off and turned over, the top surface with the notches is downwards pasted on the sticky surface of the scribing membrane pasted and tightened on another frame, and a bottom surface scribing plate-membrane-frame unit is formed; the bottom surface scribing plate-membrane-frame unit is fixed on the loading table; cutting-up is performed along the slicing alignment lines on the bottom surface of the ceramic plate until notches on the bottom surface and the notches on the top surface are communicated. With the adoption of the method, the notch quality of the hard ceramic plate can be guaranteed, blades are prevented from being damaged, and the super-thick ceramic plate is sliced.


Abstract This article argues that Bentham's metaphysics has until recently been unfairly belittled, and that it in fact built on and surpassed that of David Hume, of whom Bentham was both an attentive student and a fierce critic. Bentham's logic is metaphysically based, multi-levelled, and comprehensive. First, taking Hume's empiricism as a starting point, Bentham developed the additional mechanism of "reflection" to facilitate a utilitarian pragmatic resolution to Hume's skepticism. Second, unlike Hume, Bentham aspired to encyclopedic knowledge, especially of the human mind, which he believed allowed him to place his thought on a more solid and broader foundation. Third, whereas Hume focused on the passive understanding, Bentham captured the interaction between understanding and volition. Fourth, in relation to moral approbation, Hume adopted an approach which highlighted benevolence, whereas Bentham sought to reconcile self-preference with benevolence. Fifth, Hume's common sense moral philosophy pushed him to associate justice with social convention, and helped to make him a conservative. Bentham developed the principle of utility to direct and push forward social reform for a better world.


Resumen en: Flexibility is one of the most important factors in athletic preformance injuries prevantion especially in rehabilatation of athletic disabled. In order ...


With the increase in the rate of civil construction and the growth of socio-economic development, there is a significant increase in the consumption of construction materials based on natural raw materials, which makes research in the search for an alternative raw material base for the construction industry as a whole relevant. Rational solution in terms of ecology and economy becomes the recycling of construction materials and the use of industrial waste. The trend of using construction waste as aggregates for concrete products and structures, is currently the most effective solution to reduce the negative impact on the environment, and also has a number of economic advantages, when choosing the optimal processing technology. This article considers the state, trends and problems of development of the construction sector of the economy in the direction of energy-efficient technologies and principles of sustainable development that help to reduce the negative impact of the construction sector on the environment in urban conditions. The main reasons for the increased interest in the research of environmentally friendly methods of recycling construction materials are indicated. The characteristics and unique properties of raw materials subjected to various methods of recycling are described. The advantages offered by the innovative system of "green" construction with the introduction of construction waste recycling technologies are given. The authors present an analysis of the most common technologies and methods of recycling concrete scrap into secondary aggregate, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each method of regeneration of concrete scrap. The experience of researches of innovative methods of recycling concrete in foreign countries, the prospects and problems of further development of "green" technologies in the Russian building industry, and also priorities and prospects for entering the market of domestic producers of concrete products on the basis of secondary aggregate, which will allow to provide decrease in extraction and production of natural raw materials are revealed. Formulated further research directions of the problems of development of green technologies in the construction sector of the economy.


In this paper, an active load single-ended double flipped voltage follower (SEDDFVF) amplifier is proposed. Flipped voltage follower cell is used in amplifiers to stabilize the DC point for achieving desirable gain as well as used in analog design of low power and low voltage. The single ended differential amplifier abstracted from the basic structure enhances the bandwidth. Using frequency domain and phase margin analysis, the stability of the proposed circuit has been presented. The results are simulated using SPICE in TSMC 0.18 μm technology. Moreover, small signal analysis is also obtained for mathematical verification of the designed circuit. For physical verification of the proposed circuit, using SCMOS technique, the layout of the cell is implemented at 1.2 μm tanner database file which is scaled to 0.18 um. In end design rule check as well as LVS is also performed for the verification of matching of schematic of the cell to the layout of the cell. All the observations are shown in graphs to evidence the practicality of the proposed cell.


16 | Abstract Aim Affirm through the survey, the satisfaction of the participants of ERC ALS courses in Serbia and compare the collected data from previous years to the data about quality of the courses from the other countries. Method: The processed data were gathered in CMS system, included preparation of the courses, the reports of the course director and evaluation questionnaires that have been filled in by the seminar attendants. Twelve questions that are related to the organization and performance of ALS seminary have been processed. The criteria for inclusion was that at least one ERC ALS seminary has been held in the country, that has been a part of this survey, and that the organizer has enabled evaluation by the presence of an participants e – mail addresses. Results: Results implicate data collected in 37 countries, where ERC ALS courses took place in first five months of the year, and contain internet addresses of the participants. Seventeen of them have complete data. The number of ERC ALS training course is 1.02/100.000 inhabitants, with minimal value of 0.11/100.000 inhabitants in Italy, to the maximum value 8.44/100.000 inhabitants in Denmark. It's 2.81/100.000 in Serbia. The average number of organized ERC ALS courses is 0.83/1.000.000 inhabitants and the lowest is in Turkey, where upon 1.000.000 residents, 0.05 courses were organized. The highest number of organized training courses has taken place in Denmark, with the number of 5.53 courses upon million habitants. Serbia has arranged 2.81 course upon one million residents, where the activity and the agility of the course organizer has been graded with an excellent mark. The Egypt's attendants valuated -100% the usefulness of the course content with the highest grade. The Dutch were the least satisfied with the content of the course, and their result is just above the figure of 87%. Right behind them are the Italians, Slovenians, Finns, Swedish placed. In Serbia, the grade is 96.49% and is among the best in Europe. Training course will be recommended 100% by the Serbian attendants. Conclusion The change of the performance and the method of work of the course, human resource renewal brought the new quality Kontrola kvaliteta na ERC Advanced Life Support kursevima u Srbiji i Evropi Preliminarni podaci, originalno istraživanje


The anorectal fistula is a disease requiring careful assessment of the local signs and precise localization of the fistula channel. The Seton procedure for treatment of the fistula-in-ano we apply only for the management of trans- or extrasphincteric anorectal fistula. 152 patients with high trans- or extrasphincteric fistula-in-ano were operated. Men were 123/80.92%/, women-29/19.08%/. In 70 /46.05%/ fistula were extrasphincteric, while in 82/53.95%/ they were transsphincteric. Ba sic step is to identify the internal opening of the fistula channel following Goodsal's rule. The Seton is trespassed through the internal opening and we tight it moderately. Every next tightening is performed at 3 days intervals. Recurrences ware registered in the first 6 months in 8 patients/5.26%/. We conclude that that seton procedure for treatment of trans- and extrasphincteric fistula is an easy to learn and practice radical one stage surgical method with a cure rate of nearly 95%. Elastic Seton ligation technique is a modification of the known from ancient times conventional ligation procedure. The following procedure is an effective method for difficult and high fistula-in-ano.


We present and compare three methods for accelerating the filtering process used in the multilayered Spectral Element Ocean Model (SEOM). The methods consist of a Schur complement preconditioner, a lumping of small entries and an algebraic multigrid (AMG) algorithm, and a algebraic multigrid with patch smoothing algorithm. 1. The shallow water equations, ocean model, and filtering process The shallow water equations approximate the equations of fluid motion well whenever the fluid's density is homogeneous and its depth is much smaller than a characteristic horizontal distance. The shallow water equations can be written in the vector form: ut + g∇ζ = F (1.1) ζt + ∇ · [(h + ζ) u] = Q (1.2) where u = (u, v) is the velocity vector, ζ is the sea surface displacement (which, due to hydrostaticity, also stands for the pressure), g is the gravitational acceleration, h is the resting depth of the fluid, Q is a mass source/sink term. The vector F = (f, f) is a generalized forcing term for the momentum equations that includes the Coriolis force, non-linear advection, viscous dissipation, and wind forcing. For simplicity, we assume no-slip boundary conditions. The shallow water equations are often used to model the circulation in coastal areas and in shallow bodies of water. They reduce the complicated set of the 3D equations to a stacked set of 2D ones while still representing a large part of the dynamics. The shallow water equations also arise frequently in the solution of the 3D primitive hydrostatic equations if the top surface of the fluid is a free boundary and can move up and down. The presence of the free surface allows the propagation of gravity waves at the speed of √ gh. The gravity wave speed can greatly exceed the advective velocity of the fluid in the deep part of the ocean and results in a very restrictive CFL limit in order to maintain stability in 3D ocean models [8, 9]. 1991 Mathematics Subject Classification. 68W10, 65Y05, 47N40, 76D33. This research has been partially supported by NSF grant ACR-9721388. c ©0000 (copyright holder)


The number of students with disabilities in higher education has been increasing in recent years. This is the result of inclusive reforms, policies and laws that promote equal opportunities in work and academic settings. In addition, by the XIX century education was seen as a means for society development. This vision along with the evolution of the labor force has led to a greater demand for specialized jobs that require college education and in turn decreasing those opportunities of jobs for people without college degrees.  Consequently, college education has become a requirement to achieve competitive and higher pay jobs. Students with disabilities require the removal of barriers in areas identified as limited access to institutional resources, lack of knowledge and attitudes of professors, as well as the barriers that students with disabilities themselves imposed as a result of lack of support and knowledge. It is important the development and strengthening strategies and programs of direct service to students with disabilities, training and ongoing guidance of faculty members. These strategies depend on the best qualified personnel to meet the needs of the population of students with disabilities.


Aims-Toanalyze theimmunophenotype of blastcellsin patients withacute leukaemiaafterpolycythemia vera, together withthemost relevant clinical and haematological diseasecharacteristics. Methods-The immunophenotypewas analysed inninepatients byinmunofluorescence flowcytometryusinga panel of15monoclonalantibodies. The DNA contentofblastcellswas determined usingVindelov's technique. Results-The most relevant clinical and haematological diseasecharacteristics included: thepresence ofenlarged spleen andliver by56%and67%,respectively; a moderatedegreeof leucocytosis with thrombocytopenia whilehaemoglobin was normal in 50% of patients. All patients receivedalkylating agentsor hydroxyurea, or both.Interestingly, the chronicphaseinpatients receivingthis latter drugwas shorter. Allcasesshowed a myeloidphenotype,fourof them reactive onlyto earlymyeloidantigens (CD13133); in the remainingcases the blast cellsdisplayedgranulomonocytic(CD14+,CD15+),erythroid (CD71++ +),ormegakaryocytic (CD61+, CD41+)markers.Coexpression oflymphoidrelated antigens (CD7,TdT, or CDl9)was alsodetected. The morphological assessmentofblastcellsagreed withtheimmunophenotyping


The multimedia practice of the Russian Avant-Garde, in which theatrical art is inseparable from literary, visual and musical art, found its continuation half a century later in the work of the New Artists group, founded by Timur Novikov in 1982 in Leningrad. This article is the first study of the so-called New Theatre of the New Artists, which is associated with the following happenings or performances: The Ballet of the Three Inseparables, Anna Karenina, The Idiot, and their predecessor, the literary-noise action The Medical Concert. The article discusses three elements of the avant-garde theatrical tradition that resonate with the New Theatre: Nikolai Evreinov's comprehensive concept of the "theatre for oneself", the musical-spatial theatrical experiments of Mikhail Matyushin and his followers, and the absurdist theatre of Daniil Kharms and OBERIU. The second and third, despite being so dissimilar to each other, share the borderline, where zaum (alogism) and absurdism converge. This very convergence creates a dynamic semantic tension that marks the ideas of both D. Kharms and T. Novikov: the tension between an uplifting absurdity, striving for the inexpressible, timeless and universal, and, conversely, a lowering, destructive absurdity. It is obvious that the distinction between the two types of absurdism is a fundamental problem of ontology not only of the Russian Avant-Garde. The New Theatre can be considered as a seismic activity that lasted for about three years at the borderline area of the avant-garde art that worked its way from Symbolism through Expressionism to Dadaism and Surrealism. On this borderline, creativity manifests itself as an impersonal or other-than-personal process that establishes a connection of a person with the rhythms of the world or, on the contrary, illustrates disintegration, deconstruction and the reassembly of society. The New Theatre that established in the Leningrad underground was not an imitation of the avant-garde practices but their rebirth, which proves that this form of creativity is organic for the culture of St. Petersburg.


This report presents valuable insights of the lived experiences of women of colour in the labour market in southwest Ireland. Their voices articulate a perceived double challenge of being both female and persons of colour, challenges not shared by male persons of colour or generally by white persons in organizations. Some of these challenges arise from misunderstandings, unwarranted preconceptions, conscious and unconscious biases, but sometimes from an insensitive blending of racist and misogynist attitudes. The importance of educating the wider labour market, and society in general, to the sensitivities of these employees is apparent from this report. Proactive implementation of positive organizational policies was also espoused by the interviewed employers. These employers recounted how they make extra efforts to make their workplaces more inviting for these employees. As well as reaching out with extra supports to genuinely support the wellbeing of these employees, the employers acknowledge that a better and happier work environment contributes to improved work outcomes, including greater staff retention. This report provides a positive contribution to stakeholders in the overall labour market by highlighting first-hand perspectives of women of colour in employment contexts. As well as contributing to the literature and providing practice-led policy recommendations, this report can usefully be shared by talent management staff and human resource managers during induction training and as a contribution to continual personal development.


Of the poets, outside the actual Pldiade, who gathered round Ronsard and Du Bellay, the most attractive figure, at any rate of those who confined themselves to non-dramatic poetry, is undoubtedly that of Olivier de Magny, born at Cahors about 1530. His lively temperament and pleasant disposition made him a favorite among his contemporaries; his romantic relations with Louise Lab6, la belle cordibre de Lyon, his untimely death, and, it must be said, the intrinsic value of part of his work, have enabled him to maintain his place, modest as it is, by the side of the brighter constellation of the Pldiade, since the day that SainteBeuve revived the study of French sixteenth-century literature. His inborn talent, which was considerable, would have made it possible for him to occupy a more exalted position in the poetic firmament if he had followed his natural bent, instead of systematically resorting to Italian models. It is our intention in the present paper to show how great was his indebtedness to Italian models, as far as the Sonnets are concerned.1 That he lacked originality has been suspected or assumed, and in a few cases actually proved, but although Olivier de Magny's works have been republished and annotated' twice within recent times, and made the subject of a voluminous thesis for the Paris doctorate,3 the question has never been thoroughly investigated. Such investigations may not have very great importance in themselves, but when looked at in the broader light of comparative literature they assume a different and more significant aspect. Not until the chief French writers of the sixteenth century have been subjected to a similar process will it be possible to


Lightning discharges were investigated with high time-resolution equipment on both electric-field and electric-field-change meters.

The analysis of the electrical records reveals that the late stages of intracloud discharges are very similar to those of cloud-to-ground discharges during the periods between successive return strokes (junction process) and during the period after the last return stroke (final process). In contrast, the initial portion of the field change of an intracloud discharge bears little or no resemblance to the initial portion of the leader field change of a discharge to ground. It is suggested that the difference in the initial breakdown characteristics results from variations in the relative populations of water drops and ice particles as they affect the internal impedence of the region of cloud where breakdown occurs.

The difference in the initial field-change characteristics of intracloud and cloud-to-ground discharges is so distinct that from the first 10 msec of the electric-field-change record one can predict with over 95 per cent certainty whether a discharge will reach ground or remain within the cloud.


While traditionally diet quality index scores (DQIS) as noted later in this abstract have been used to predict health outcomes, dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC), a useful tool for assessing total antioxidant power in the diet, may also be a novel predictor. This study evaluated the associations between dietary TAC and DQIS and all-cause mortality. Based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1988–1994 and 1999–2006, 23,797 US adults were followed-up until 2015. Dietary TAC and DQIS including the Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015), Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010), alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMED), and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) were calculated using a 1-day 24 h dietary recall. US adults in the highest quintiles of DQIS had lower rates of all-cause mortality compared to those in the lowest quintiles (HEI-2015 hazard ratio (HR): 0.87, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.77–0.98; AHEI-2010 HR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.74–0.94; aMED HR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.69–0.90; DASH HR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.70–0.92). Similarly, those in the highest quintile of dietary TAC also had a lower all-cause mortality than those in the lowest quintile (HR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.79–0.98). These findings suggest that dietary TAC might be a relatively valid predictor of all-cause mortality in the US population compared to the DQIS.


Overland trade had played a significant role in the interactions among China, Southeast Asia and South Asia for centuries. Though maritime trading raised in fifteenth century overwhelmingly attracts more attention from scholars, overland route was far from inconsiderable. Continental commercial intercourse essentially affected the demography, politics and also modernization process of Southern China and mainland Southeast Asia to a large range. During 17th to early 20th century, represented by several Shan states, Sino-Burmese frontier trade reached another peak. Enormous commodities carried by caravans shuttled on Tai leaders' domains. By tributing to both China and Myanmar courts, Tai leaders received recognition from both sides, which helped them won unique position in cross-border trading. In this thesis, combining historical materials from China, British early exploders' records and also local chronicle, author tried to elaborate how unusual local administrative system in this region led to Shan States' distinguished commercial position in Sino-Burmese trade, also to explore the role of Tai leaders in local business activities.

Differ from previous works, taking the tea trade as an interesting example, author as an indigenous people from Shan state Sipsong Panna, hold neither Sinocentric nor Eurocentric perspectives to analyze the development and evolution of trading in this region. Revealed by author's studies, Dual-overlordship system adopted in these frontier Shan states brought this region an interesting economic ecology, which made it a welcomed "middle ground" for merchants. Along with the business journey of tea, we can learn how trade was conducted under Dual-overlordship system, from the ethnic planter to local highest ruler Chaofa, then Han or Muslim merchants, as well as Chinese and Burmese officials. Commodities come far from China and India like metal and spice were transported by traditional caravans or river transport, then re-distributed traded here; tea, cotton and other local merchandise were sent out by the same way. Culture and technology followed commerce met and merged here.


This article focuses on the thermistor as a device that is widely used for temperature measurement and control in most electrical and electronic devices and appliances. The research is based on the type of thermistor used in photocopiers with particular reference to Minolta Bizhub (model-210) photocopier. The resistance and temperature were recorded by the application of conventional heat to deduce the response curves of resistance versus temperature and resistance/time. Results obtained from the characteristics show that the thermistor employed in the photocopier is a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) device. Also, there was a time variation in the response of the thermistor resistance to temperature changes, which indicates that the thermistor under test functions as a temperature control device. The shape of resistance versus temperature curve appeared to be similar to that of a typical NTC thermistor characteristics.


In view of the unprecedented threat to the human body caused by digestive tract diseases, the emergence of capsule endoscopy technology has solved many problems in the treatment of digestive tract diseases. Based on the basic principle of capsule endoscope, this paper analyzes the main technical means of capsule endoscope, and discusses the advantages, basic composition and the latest research progress at home and abroad. The capsule endoscope is mainly divided into three parts, image detection algorithm, positioning and three-dimensional reconstruction direction. This paper will focus on the latest methods and techniques of 3D reconstruction.


Abstract In the article "Protecting Children From Toxicants" in the November 2011 issue of The ASHA Leader, author Nancy Hepp outlined some of the substances and chemicals that can be most harmful ...


1. Not all fun and games: challenges in mathematical modeling 2. Looking for car keys without any street lights 3. From curses to complexity: the justification for computational modeling 4. Why everything should look like a nail: deriving parsimonious encodings for complex games 5. KKV redux: deriving and testing logical implications.


The design of an automated system for the diagnosis of internal combustion engines during its operation is described. A software module for engine diagnosing based on algorithms for information processing from sensor signals and the executive mechanisms of the control system was developed and implemented by external speed characteristic creation. The algorithms are developed on the capabilities of fuzzy inference systems for dependency identification. The method of fuzzy systems of Sugeno type was used for a chosen hybrid neural network. The possibility of complex dependences of engine parameter approximation is shown by hybrid neural networks. The adequacy of the developed diagnostic system was assessed by testing the serviceable ICE. Before the tests the ICE was prepared, which consisted in its adjusting parameter normalization. After the conduct of a series of engine tests, five engine parameters were selected, on the basis of which they evaluated the adequacy of the developed diagnostic system (spark angle, effective power, air flow, torque, fuel consumption). Еру statistical analysis of the data was carried out, which revealed greater accuracy and repeatability of engine values during testing. The values of the relative errors were calculated during the determination of external velocity characteristics.


Introduction:
 Aside from being implicated in breast and ovarian cancer, breast cancer susceptibility genes (BRCA) growing evidence suggests an additional intersection between BRCA mutations and hypercholesterolemia, endothelial damage, hyperglycemia and an increased non-neoplastic mortality. With the influence of BRCA on typical cerebrovascular risk factors, we aimed to identify if BRCA mutations increased the prevalence of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD).

 Methods:
 We performed a retrospective cross-sectional chart review of adults with confirmed BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations compared against BRCA wild-type individuals with breast and/or ovarian cancer. Demographic and medical history were recorded. Brain MRI was interpreted for markers of CSVD. Statistical significance (p < 0.05) was tested via the Chi-squared or Fisher's, Wilcoxon rank-sum and the Student's t-test analyses for binary, ordinal or interval variables, respectively. Adjusted logistic regression models were fit to calculate odds ratio. All models were tested for multicollinearity by variance inflation factor calculation and for goodness-of-fit (GOF) via the Hosmer-Lemeshow GOF test.

 Results:
 One hundred forty individuals were included, with 47% (66/140) being BRCA mutant. Demographic and cerebrovascular risk factors were similar amongst the cohort. Estrogen antagonist therapy was more common in the BRCA wild-type group [25% (16/64) vs 44.6% (33/74), p = 0.016]. Lacunar infarcts, Fazekas grading and perivascular spaces were not significantly different across the cohort. Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) were more prevalent in those with BRCA mutation: [36.4% (24/66) vs 18.9% (14/74), p = 0.021]. This finding persisted despite adjustment for cerebrovascular risk factors (OR 2.71, 95%CI 1.20 - 6.14, p = 0.017) yielding a predicted probability of 18.2% (95%CI 3.7 - 32.8).

 Conclusion:
 For those with BRCA mutation, we identified a nearly 3 fold increase in CMB prevalence despite adjustment for cerebrovascular risk factors. The mechanism underlying is presently unknown, though likely related to endothelial dysregulation. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings on a larger scale and investigate intraparenchymal hemorrhage risk amongst those with BRCA mutations.


We need to understand that standard is in relation with the management development and the follow the human resources management strategic view and the management at the follow the human resource management strategic view and the client relationship management in construction businesses. So the relation between the organization culture between the human resources management and communicate management with another client is not a choice but it is a need. The human resources don't activity in vacuum and it is relation in the organization with other components is in interaction and the environment factors like, policy, economy, and the more important the culture and the inner factors like strategy aims and structure interact it.


The Rodeo -Chediski fire was actually two fires that ignited on the Fort Apache Reservation and merged into one. The cause of the Rodeo fire, which began a few miles from Cibecue, a small streamside village on the reservation on June 18, 2002, was arson. The Chediski fire was set on the reservation as a signal fire by a seemingly lost person a few days later. This second fire spread out of control, moving toward and eventually merging with the ongoing and still out of control Rodeo fire. Burning northeastwardly, the renamed Rodeo -Chediski fire then moved onto the Apache Sitgreaves National Forest, along the Mogollon Rim in central Arizona, and into many of the White Mountain communities scattered along the Mogollon Rim from Heber to Show Low. More than 30,000 local people were eventually forced to flee the inferno. The Rodeo -Chediski fire had burned 276,507 acres of Apache land, and 462,606 ac in total by the time that most of the multi -agency team of firefighters and officials left the area on or about July 13. Nearly 500 buildings had been destroyed, with more than half of the burned structures being the houses of local residents or second homes of summer visitors. Rehabilitation efforts began immediately after the fire was controlled and it was declared safe to enter the burned area to initiate such activities. Culverts were removed from roads to help mitigate the anticipated flash flooding from the highintensity, short -duration monsoonal rainfall events that commonly occur in Arizona from early July through August and occasionally into September. Temporary detention dams and other diversions were constructed to divert intermittent water flows initiated by these storms away from critical infrastructures. In a major rehabilitation activity, helicopters ferried bales of straw to burned sites susceptible to erosion, where the straw was spread onto the ground to alleviate the


Relativistic Hartree-Fock-Wigner-Seitz band calculations have been performed for the actinide metals Ac through Am in order to estimate $5f$ excitation energies. Our calculations predict that the tetravalent state (i.e., four $s\ensuremath{-}d$ conduction electrons) is favored for the lighter elements with a crossover to a trivalent ground state occurring near uranium. We find the Coulomb energy, $U$, for $5f$ electron hopping to increase from 2-3 eV at Th to 4-5 eV at Am.


In the paper, an on-line detection system for ships in lock of is presented. The system has three functions: (1) Judging whether there are ships in lock in time; (2) Detecting whether ships cross the forbidden lines in lock; (3) Observing whether there are ships out oflock. Therefore, the system not only maintains the normal and fast working of lock,but also ensures safety of lock. The detection method is based on the optical flow of gray-level probability.


The experimental data on the conditioning of the film electrodes of the accelerating gap of a microchannel image amplifier with a series of high-voltage nanosecond pulses are presented. The possibility of the exclusion of a visual control for changes in the local glows of the screen during conditioning and this process unification is shown.


Described is the synthesis and study of antibacterial activity for a series of new 1,3disubstituted indene derivatives prepared from benzaldehyde (1). N-Acylation of 3-amino-3phenylpropanoic acid (2) followed by intra-molecular Friedel Craft acylation of acetamide (3) furnished N-(3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-yl)acetamide (4). Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reaction on 4 provided N-(1-(cyanomethylene)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-3-yl)acetamide (5) which on further reduction with Raney-nickel in the presence of formic acid and water afforded N-(3-(2-oxoethylidene)-2,3-dihydro-1Hinden-1-yl)acetamide (6). Reductive alkylation of 6 using various piperzine /piperidine derivatives provided new 1,3-disubstituted indene derivatives (7a-7n). All the synthesized compounds have been screened for their anti bacterial activity.


The in situ thymus of the guinea pig was labeled locally with H3‐thymidine and sections of various tissues analyzed by radioautography for the location of labeled cells which might have left the thymus from 30 minutes to three days after labeling. Labeled lymphocytes were located especially in the mesenteric lymph nodes and spleen, giving direct evidence for the migration of thymocytes under near‐physiological conditions. Only a few cells were found in the bone marrow, and none in the liver. The identified cells were not seen to be undergoing subsequent proliferation, but about one‐fourth of them were transforming to other cell types ‐ plasma cells, heterophil granulocytes, reticular cells, and macrophages. The fate of another portion of the cells seemed to be loss to the gut lumen through the mucosa. These data suggest that a normal function of the thymus of the adult guinea pig is the proliferation of a population of pluripotential stem cells which, after migration to other tissues, may further differentiate under appropriate stimulus. Possible applications of the local labeling technique are indicated.


: The inmates (WBP) with murder case in class I penitentiary of Semarang generally get depression . This leads to this study with narima ing pandum (NIP) intervention. The treatment employed local wisdom approach to accommodate individual values that the inmates believe. This study aims to prove empirically the effect of narima ing pandum (NIP) intervention on murder case inmates' depression. To investigate the level of depression before and after the training, scale Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was employed. The materials given in this training are opening, opening the WBP's insights, managing attitudes, let's be thankful, let's be patient, let's narima , and identifying the purpose of life. The intervention employed an experimental method with pretest-posttest control group design. The participants were 12 WBP murder cases who were grouped into experimental groups and control groups. The results of the analysis showed that NIP group intervention can decrease the depression score more in the experimental group than the control group. The results of this study can be used by the Prison as alternative solution in overcoming the psychological problems of WBP and in addition to the study of indigenous research in dealing with the impact of crime.


Seasoned equity issuers file Forms S and 424B with the Securities and Exchange Commission. We find that the weak-modal tone of 424B filings is positively related to offer price discounts and negatively related to offer-day stock returns. Increases in cautionary (weak-modal, uncertain and negative) tone from the initial S filing to the 424B filing are followed by low abnormal stock returns during the three or ten trading days after the offering. We also provide preliminary evidence that the use of cautionary tone relates positively to litigation risk and increased after the passage of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Our findings suggest that the cautionary tone of seasoned equity issuers' prospectuses has significant negative information content, which is gradually incorporated into the stock prices.


AbstractThe aim of this study is to develop an understanding of the factors influencing participants' knowledge sharing in an electronic community of practice. The study builds on a theoretical framework derived from the theories of social capital and social exchange. A model of knowledge sharing in an electronic community of practice has been developed based on this framework. The model that considers the factors influencing the participants' intention to share their knowledge and their knowledge contribution has been empirically tested using a survey in the Financial Management Community of Practice in the USAF Portal. The results show that significant predictors of intention to share knowledge were serf-rated expertise, commitment and loss of knowledge power. Tenure in the field and reciprocity were the two significant predictors of knowledge contribution.


This essay provides a description of the author's realtime score interpretation of David Birchfield's Community Art: Resonant Energy. The piece is composed for percussion and computer and uses a genetic algorithm to generate a score and computer playback of pre-recorded percussion samples in realtime. The author discusses the details of the genetic algorithm such as hierarchical form, mating, fitness evaluation, and contour definition. These processes are related to the understanding of the work in regards to the issues of performance execution, instrumentation, musical gesturing, and real-time score analysis. These issues are thoroughly illustrated with examples from the piece. The author offers a specific approach to performing within Birchfield's co-evolutionary musical system. 1. DESCRIPTION OF COMMUNITY ART:


ABSTRACT The utility of the commonly applied isotherm equations in a wide range of temperatures and pressures was studied using the sorption data of supercritical hydrogen on activated carbon. The equilibrium condition covers 77–298 K and 0–7 MPa. The isotherm models tested include the Langmuir equation, the generalized Freundlich equation, the virial equation, and the Dubinin—Astakhov equation. The fitness is quantitatively expressed by standard deviations at each temperature and general deviation for the whole range. Discussions and inferences are presented on the applicability of the equations and on the state of the adsorbate at supercritical temperatures.


Random dopant fluctuation effects of gate-all-around inversion-mode silicon nanowire field-effect transistors (FETs) with different diameters and extension lengths are investigated. The nanowire FETs with smaller diameter and longer extension length reduce average values and variations of subthreshold swing and drain-induced barrier lowering, thus improving short channel immunity. Relative variations of the drain currents increase as the diameter decreases because of decreased current drivability from narrower channel cross-sections. Absolute variations of the drain currents decrease critically as the extension length increases due to decreasing the number of arsenic dopants penetrating into the channel region. To understand variability origins of the drain currents, variations of source/drain series resistance and low-field mobility are investigated. All these two parameters affect the variations of the drain currents concurrently. The nanowire FETs having extension lengths sufficient to prevent dopant p...


ARTIFICIAL rupture of the membranes is a common procedure for inducing labour. In this hospital approximately 800 inductions are performed annually. The danger of intrauterine infection following this procedure is high if the interval between the rupture of the membranes and delivery is long or if the delivery is complicated (Lemmon, 1948; Parker, 1957). It is frequently recommended that antibiotics should be given prophylactically either before or after this procedure (Lemmon, 1948; Lennon, 1957; Theobald, 1959). High levels of benzyl penicillin have been found in amniotic fluid (Woltz and Zintel, 1945; Charles, 1954) but this is not the case with chloramphenicol, streptomycin and tetracyclines (Charles, 1954). In order to find out if a-amino benzyl penicillin (ampicillin), which has a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity, behaved similarly to benzyl penicillin assays of ampicillin have been carried out on the serum and liquor amnii of pregnant women. These women were receiving ampicillin prophylactically before elective artificial rupture of the membranes.


5 Following a request from the European Commission, the Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies 6 (NDA) derived Dietary Reference Values (DRVs) for selenium. The levelling off of plasma selenoprotein P 7 (SEPP1) concentration was considered to be indicative of an adequate supply of selenium to all tissues and to 8 reflect saturation of the functional selenium body pool, ensuring that selenium requirement is met. This criterion 9 was used for establishing DRVs for selenium in adults. Evidence from human studies on the relationship between 10 selenium intakes and plasma SEPP1 concentrations was reviewed. Given the uncertainties in available data on 11 this relationship, they were considered insufficient to derive an Average Requirement and an Adequate Intake 12 (AI) of 70 μg/day for adults was set. A review of observational studies and randomised controlled trials which 13 investigated the relationship between selenium and health outcomes did not provide evidence for additional 14 benefits associated with selenium intakes beyond those required for the levelling off of SEPP1. No specific 15 indicators of selenium requirements were available for infants, children and adolescents. For infants aged 7– 16 11 months, an AI of 15 μg/day was derived by extrapolating upwards from the estimated selenium intake with 17 breast milk of younger exclusively breast-fed infants and taking into account differences in reference body 18 weights. For children and adolescents, the AIs for selenium were extrapolated from the AI for adults by isometric 19 scaling and range from 15 μg/day for 1 to 3 year-old children to 65 μg/day for adolescents aged 15–17 years. 20 Considering that adaptive changes in the metabolism of selenium occur during pregnancy, the AI set for adult 21 women applies to pregnancy. For lactating women, an additional selenium intake of 15 μg/day was estimated to 22 cover the amount of selenium secreted in breast milk, and an AI of 85 μg/day was set. 23 © European Food Safety Authority, 2014 24


Based on the analysis of the present states and problems of the anti-ship missile homing radar test port, the paper proposes the idea of standardizing the test port of the homing radar, and presents a design of the standard test port, which can cover all test ports of the anti-ship missile homing radar being used in our navy and can be extensible.


This article presents a 26–40 GHz $16\times16$ dual-polarized phased array. For the dual-polarized phased array antennas, the sources of cross-polarization leakage mainly include the polarization coupling from the feedlines and the radiators. Electric-dipole (E-dipole) and magnetic-dipole (M-dipole) are the most common radiators, which both suffer from the deteriorated polarization isolation when scanning in D-plane. Here, the hybrid M-/E-dipole is employed to overcome this issue. To avoid the serious cross-polarization leakage from the typical 1/4 wavelength feedline of E-dipole, the M-dipole is chosen to form the primary radiator with the typical 1/10 wavelength feedline. Therefore, the excited electric-/magnetic-current field vectors on the radiators and the feedlines can be significantly weakened. However, the low-profile M-dipole introduces the half-patch TM11 mode due to the coupling between the horizontal feedline and the ground plane. This parasitic radiation mode with the slant polarization seriously deteriorates the polarization isolation of the M-dipole. The shorted posts are employed to suppress the half-patch TM11 mode without breaking the M-dipole mode. Through that, the high polarization isolation characteristic of the dual-polarized M-dipole radiator is maintained. Then, the double-layer meta-surface (MS) is designed to act as the secondary radiator, i.e., the E-dipole. The MS also plays the role of the impedance matching layer. Based on these methods, the cross-pol. level better than {−66, −59, −52} dB in E-/H-planes and {−66, −28, −17} dB in D-plane when scanning to {broadside, 30°, 60°} is achieved, respectively.


In this study, a device structure containing Eu(TTA)3(Phen) was fabricated by vacuum evaporation method, where aromatic diamine (TPD) was used as a hole transporting material, Eu(Phen) as an emitting material, and tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum as an electron transporting layer. The EL and I-V characteristics of these structures were investigated. They showed the red EL spectrum, which is almost the same as the PL spectrum of Eu3(phen). It is inferred from the measured I-V characteristics that the preferred carrier transport mechanism is the trapped- charge-limited current.


The Diploma Thesis consists of the three main chapters. The first chapter is focused on theoretical knowledge, definition of payment market and its particular forms, SEPA payment instruments and payment systems. The second chapter deals with project SEPA and its implementation in the Slovak Republic. There is characterised project SEPA, its stakeholders, components and progress of processing payments in payment system SIPS. In the third chapter is evaluated the implementation of project SEPA in the Slovak Republic and main changes in realisation of payments in terms of customers and banks.


Road transport plays a major role in the Australian economy allowing people to travel to work and for the transport of goods to markets. For roads to function effectively they must be maintained to an acceptable level and each
road authority spends considerable sums of money each year maintaining their network. However, the funding supplied for maintenance is limited, and optimum expenditure of available funds is therefore paramount.

The objective of this study was to provide a starting point for the New South Wales (NSW) Roads and Maritime Services (RMS) Northern Region to implement a pavement maintenance strategy. In particular, the adoption of key performance indicators, suitability of using road deterioration modelling and investigating the point of rapid deterioration of a pavement were investigated. Currently the Region uses annual site inspections to prioritise
maintenance works with no road deterioration modelling used to forecast priorities.

Over the years numerous road deterioration models have been created. However, most of these models have been based on data collected overseas. This study has tested two of the latest road deterioration models
created for Australian conditions; the road deterioration for local roads model and the interim network level functional deterioration model. They have been tested to determine their suitability for use on roads in RMS Northern Region. The models have been tested by comparing deterioration predictions of roughness, rut depth and cracking against the last 11 years of road condition
data.

From the testing of the models it was found that the interim network level functional deterioration model predicted roughness and rut depths consistent with the measured values for a five year period. The road deterioration for local roads predicted roughness and rut depths consistent with the measured values for the full eleven year period tested. Neither model satisfactorily
predicted cracking. Based on the results it is considered that the models could be used by RMS Northern Region to forecast deterioration of similar roads within the Region. It is also believed that the models could be used by
RMS as a whole to predict deterioration of similar roads on the entire network.

In addition the relationship between deflections measured using the traffic speed deflectometer (TSD) and falling weight deflectometer (FWD) were investigated. FWD deflections are used to represent the strength of
pavement and sub grade in road deterioration models however the collection of this data is expensive and often hazardous. TSD data is cost effective and safe, but the results are not readily usable in road deterioration modelling at the current time. However the study did find a relationship between TSD and FWD deflections to enable TSD deflections to be used as an input to road deterioration models.


The nonresonant part of the 7Be(p, )I)8B cross section at low energies is recalculated by means of a direct-capture potential model, using parameter values determined by fitting 7Li(n, n)7Li and 7Li(n, )I)8Li data. Standard values of the potential parameters and spectroscopic factors give values of the 7Li(n,)I) cross section that are too large. Modified values that fit the thermal-neutron capture cross section predict 7Be(p,)I) cross sections that are much less than the experimental values. Also, shell model calculations predict resonant 7Be(p,)I) cross sections that are smaller than the experimental values. It is suggested that the accepted experimental values of the 7Be(p, )I) cross section may be too large, perhaps due partly to an overlarge accepted value for the 7Li(d, p)8Li cross section, which has been used for normalization purposes. A decrease in the 7Be(p,)I) cross section would reduce the calculated detection rate of solar neutrinos and lessen the discrepancy with the measured value.


The aimed of the research was to find out the process of disseminating the Dogol fishing gear prohibition policy and assessing the attitudes of fishermen to the prohibition of Dogol fishing gear in Muara Telake Village. The research was held on September 2018 until October 2018. The location of this research was in Muara Telake Village, Long Kali Sub-District, Paser Regency. Sampling used purposive sampling method and Slovin formula. The method of data analysis was descriptive analysis to determined the process of socializing the policy of prohibiting Dogol fishing equipment and Likert scale analysis to assessed the attitude of fishermen to the prohibition of Dogol fishing gear. The results of the research showed that the socialization activities from the government obtained a negative result because fishermen rejected the Dogol fishing gear prohibition policy and the attitudes of fishermen in Muara Telake Village accumulatively was at a moderate level with a value of 16.08, which means that the fishermen hesistan about regulation. The attitudes of fishermen based on cognitive attitude indicators in the high category with a value of 7.45, which means that fishermen had knowledge, affective and conative indicators were in the low category with a value of 4.53 and 4.10, which meansthat the fishermen rejected the policy and did not intend to replace fishing gear.


The invention discloses a ground simulation system based on a small satellite intelligent technology; the system comprises an embedded real-time control system, an intelligent identification system, a data compression system, a data routing system, a gesture positioning system and a wireless communication system which are mutually connected through a controller area network (CAN) bus; and a PC104 is used for carrying a VxWorks embedded operation system to control in real time, a digital signal processor (DSP) is adopted to operate intelligent cloud detection, identification, compression and other algorithm, and a field programmable gate array (FPGA) is adopted to receive and forward the data. The ground simulation system based on the small satellite intelligent technology has the beneficial effects that software and hardware structures related to an intelligent design are extracted based on an existing small satellite structure, the ground simulation system applicable to various algorithm simulation is constructed, different needs are segmented and combined, so that the system not only can complete the verification of a single sub system but also can complete the test for the overall performance of the system; and due to a large amount of ground actual simulation and emulation, the times of a satellite-ground joint test can be reduced, the risks brought by the joint test are reduced, and the efficiency in researching and developing on-board software is improved.


This paper presents a new approach for extracting text region from the document images employing the discrete wavelet transform. The detection of text region is achieved by the discrete wavelet transforms. Experimental results show that the proposed method gives better text extraction from the document images.