We developed an comparative analysis in two syrups, a generic one Acetanophen or Paracetamol, and the other one commercial Tempra through a study of stability and we settled its prescribing date this investigation was developed to check out the quality of these products, at the quality control Department of ACROMAX S.A Chemical Pharmaceutical laboratory, in Guayaquil city.


The analysis of large-scale wind and photovoltaic (PV) energy generation is of vital importance in power systems, where their penetration is high. This paper presents a modular methodology to assess the power generation and volatility of a system consisting of both PV plants (PVPs) and wind power plants (WPPs) in new locations. The methodology is based on statistical modeling of PV and WPP locations with a vector autoregressive model, which takes into account both the temporal correlations in individual plants and the spatial correlations between the plants. The spatial correlations are linked through distances between the locations, which allow the methodology to be used to assess scenarios with PVPs and WPPs in multiple locations without actual measurement data. The methodology can be applied by the transmission and distribution system operators when analyzing the effects and feasibility of new PVPs and WPPs in system planning. The model is verified against hourly measured wind speed and solar irradiance data from Finland. A case study assessing the impact of the geographical distribution of the PVPs and WPPs on aggregate power generation and its variability is presented.


Mud rich, fine-grained turbidite fan deposits are significant exploration targets in the off shore Gulf of Mexico, West Africa and North Sea. Recent outcrop studies have indicated a potential for compartmentalization at a variety of scales due to the lateral continuity of shale facies within the lower fan environment. Well test, seismic data and well log provide excellent structural and stratigraphic information, but do not adequately resolve small scale features such as thin shale units that may have a significant impact on oil and gas production.


This research concerns language maintenance and shift by adult speakers of Catalan and Spanish in Barcelona. Data has been collected through personal interviews and questionnaires with the aim of understanding individual sociolinguistic situations and language choices. In this paper language shift behavior by individual speakers is viewed as linguistic mobility. The paper discusses the concept of shift, what kinds of behaviors constitute shift and indications of shift in the present data. Shift behavior is reported by both L1 Catalan speakers and L1 Spanish speakers. The findings are also considered in relationship to the concept of linguistic markets (Bourdieu, 1977, 1982, 1991).


Objective To observe the effect of ursodeoxycholic acid and mosapride on bile reflux gastritis( PBRG). Methods 60 cases of patients with PBRG were randomly divided into two groups by envelope method. All the patients w ere given routine treatment including quiting alcohol and avoiding fat-rich foods; control group received mosapride orally,5 mg per time,three times daily; observation group w as also given ursodeoxycholic acid orally,100mg per time,3 times daily. The clinical efficacy and adverse reactions of the tw o groups w ere compared. Results After treatment,the scores of bloating,nausea,abdominal pain and mouth pain in observation group decreased significantly,and there w ere significant differences in the the scores of bloating,abdominal pain and mouth pain betw een the tw o groups( P 0. 05),the nausea scores in observation group w as low er than that of control group w ithout significant difference( P 0. 05). The total effective rate of observation group and control group w ere 96. 67% and 20. 00%,there w ere significant differences betw een the tw o groups( P 0. 05). No obvious adverse reaction w as found in the tw o groups during treatment. Conclusion Ursodeoxycholic acid and mosapride has synergistic effects in the treatment of PBRG,thereby enhance the therapeutic effect w ithout significant adverse reaction.


Multi-mode cavity filters offer high power handling and good performance as a compact device. Such filters are complex and sensitive to changes in the structure, meaning that their design can be time-consuming or even impossible with conventional methods. This article shows how the CST Studio Suite® filter synthesis tool can be used to design and tune a multi-mode compact ridged waveguide filter to meet stringent specifications.


The notion that sex before a contest impedes male athletic performance has exercised a remarkably strong hold over the popular imagination and has secured a hallowed place within the lore of the sporting fraternity. The purpose of this article is to deconstruct the pregame sex myth, revealing that the various ontological layers by which the myth is constituted relate to men's deepest fears of physical and personal enervation. Grounded in an interdisciplinary approach, the article argues that the pregame sex myth represents a formidable form of antifeminine thinking derived from masculine insecurities that resonate across time and that are easily translated into denigrating actions and attitudes toward women.


THE MIDDLE OF TOOTH CONSERVATION HAS USUALLY KNOWN COMPONENTS OF A MEANS OF PRESERVING THE TEETH AND CONTAINS IN LIEU OF BODIES OF KNOWN AS USUAL CLEANING COMPONENT ABRASIVO cellulose powder.


The present invention relates to a method of inducing partial polymerization of an organic electroconductive polymer in the presence of a de-lithiated alkali metal phosphate which acts as a polymerization initiator. .FIELD 1


we could defeat the enemy sooner and return to Kiev, to the long Red University. And we shall do this" (May 1943). "I am alive, healthy, replete, have boots on my feet and clothes on my body; what more does a soldier require? I am in good spirits! But when was I ever in poor spirits? In particular, I am in fine fettle at the ffloment because our successes at the front mean that I can soon hope to meet you at Kiev under conditions of peace. I have a burning desire to sit at a table with an electric light burning above. To have a game of pool, to read a book, a mathematics book if the worst comes to the worst; however, all these pleasures are unthinkable for me until the day when victory in the field gives me the moral right to enjoy them. I shall not philosophize, but I will say that under whatever heavy physical and moral conditions I happen to be in the army, I do not regret having joined it. I have seen and lived through much and I am no longer the person that I was two years ago. But I am still glad for the life I have lived through during this time." Yes, Aleksandr vladimirovich Tovbin lived his short life well. His name appears on the Board of Honour of the members of the Kiev University who fell at the front during the Second World War.


The present invention relates to a planetary gear, in particular for a motor vehicle, with a sun gear forming the input shaft, with a planet carrier carrying a first set of planet gears and a second set of planetary gears, with a first ring gear that is associated with the first set of planet gears with a second ring gear which is associated with the second set of planet gears, with a first locking means (26), by means of which the first ring gear can be fixed, and a second locking means, by means of which the second ring gear) is detectable. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a drive unit.


Peat soil is said to problematic soil for any Engineering construction. Hence for any civil engineering construction on peat soil requires either replacement of soil or stabilization, in this paper an attempt is made to stabilize the peat soil using lime and rice husk ash. Rice husk ash being the waste material from rice industry and has pozzolanic property. A stabilizer was prepared by mixing 70%of rice husk ash and 30% of lime. Almost all the standard laboratory tests were conducted for peat soil and also by adding the stabilizer by varying the dosage as 5,10,15% by weight of soil. Finally study of the contribution of stabilizer on the properties of peat soils and its feasibility for various civil engineering applications is evaluated. The results show the increment of soil properties like dry density and unconfined compressive strength. From the study it was found that 15% of stabilizer yielded maximum density and strength indicating significant improvement in the engineering behavior.


In this paper a developed method has been introduced to study flocs or agglomerates and their interaction with turbulence. The images have been taken from a flow having particles, which have a tendency to form flocs. PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) has been used to locate the specific "high turbulence areas" in the flow. The same images have been processed digitally in order to find flocs or agglomerates. Two different image processing methods for the floc analysis have been tested: (a) Segmentation method (b) Treshold method. The segmentation method is a variation of the socalled region growing method and the treshold method is a variation of the RLC (Run-Length Coding). Two different methods for the definitions of the turbulence have been used: (1) kinetic energy of the turbulence and (2) especially for this purpose generated function in which an instantaneous turbulence field is defined as a product of the acceleration and the angle change of the neighbouring PIVvelocity vectors. When the instantaneous turbulence fields have been time averaged, the high values seem to form an area with most of the vorticies and large-scale eddies of the flow. Finally, it has been experimentally studied how the flocs are located after a sudden expansion in a channel – i.e. if the high turbulence affects the location and the size of the flocs. The specific high turbulence area defined by the method 2 seems to correlate not only with the sizes and locations of the flocs but also with the cross-directional consistency profile of the flow. According to the experiment, the results depend not only on the turbulence but also on the quality and the quantity of the particles in the flow. For this reason, the method presented in this paper is general and experiments shown examples only.


About the loss of many genera of large mammals in the last 50 thousand years worldwide, the hypothesis of animal extinction due to overkill arose in the 60s. According to the defenders of this hypothesis, the results of overkill were rapid extinctions or extinctions that occurred after a slow population decline, depending on animal vulnerability. I revisit ethnographic studies with Ju/'hoan hunter-gatherers, made between the 50s and 70s, to inquire about their ways of hunting large animals in a region of the Kalahari in southern Africa. The Ju/'hoan hunters capture a great diversity of animal species but have a preference for large animals, even when they are not easy to hunt, because they contribute to the survival of all the members of each camp. In my opinion, the ethnographic information strengthens the idea of the importance of hunting large animals for the groups of anatomically modern humans that expanded out of Africa after 100 ka ago.


Maybury et al. reported the outcomes of oral cancer early detection and prevention statewide model in Maryland at the 2011 Maryland Oral Health Summit (1). The report cited the reduction of oral cancer incidences and mortalities in Maryland from 1995 to 2009, which significantly improved the state's ranking in the nation. It suggested that the Comprehensive Cancer Control Plan developed in the state has contributed to the success and that the Maryland approach may serve as a model for other states. It is commendable that Maryland took a concerted effort to address the high oral cancer incidence and the racial disparity issue from early 2000. The authors of the report have personally devoted substantial efforts in all the phases of the comprehensive plan. A statewide oral cancer prevention program with emphasis on problem identification (survey), training, and coordination is unique and effective. The authors acknowledged remaining challenges and made three specific recommendations with which I fully agree. While we see progress being made, caution should be taken in evaluating multiple factors that contribute to the reduced oral cancer incidence and oral cancer mortality because factors other than the interventions implemented by State of Maryland may also weigh in for the changes in oral cancer incidence and oral cancer mortality such as the way people are using tobacco products and the advances in treating oral cancer. It should be noted that the most recent incidence and mortality statistics were derived from the 2007 data (2). The mortality rate of Blacks in Maryland peaked in 1983 at nine per 100,000 and reduced gradually to about 3.1 per 100,000 in 2007. The mortality rates for Maryland Whites also reduced, from 4.5 to 2.3 per 100,000, during the same period. However, the gap between Whites and Blacks remains in Maryland. Similar trends are seen at the national level. Given the first Maryland Comprehensive Cancer Control Plan started in 2004, we should be mindful in interpreting the potential contribution of this Plan to the reduction in oral cancer incidence and mortality. Recently released Maryland oral cancer statistics provides a warning sign and reveals the gradual increase in the proportion of oral cancers diagnosed at distant metastasis stage since 2004 (available at http:// fha.maryland.gov/cancer/cancerplan/publications.cfm). To make additional progress in addressing the Plan we need to invest in the following three areas: • Build a research network, such as the Practice-Based Dental Research Network, to include major practitioners who provide oral cancer screening, diagnosis, and treatment and researchers who have expertise in conducing translational biology-based prevention and early detection investigations. This research network could provide an opportunity to develop and test novel oral cancer risk assessment tools and prevention strategies that reflect the evolving pathogenesis of these cancers. A good example is the recent increase of oropharyngeal cancer incidence in the country, which has been linked to human papilloma virus infection. • Create policies to ensure a high-quality and sustainable provider network to serve the community. The policies should ensure that providers perform quality oral cancer screenings, are credentialed and certified, and are compensated for their service. A statewide database to link electronic patient diagnostic information, the cancer registry, provider services, and reimbursement data may help evaluate quality of providers in identifying early stage oral cancers. • Training for student providers at all levels. At the University of Maryland School of Dentistry, we are enhancing our curriculum to allow our students to gain more knowledge in medicine and include an expanded overview of the pathogenesis of oral cancer and its diagnosis and prevention. Providing dental school faculty and dentists in the community with well-designed courses to gain new and refresh knowledge in the field oral cancer prevention and early detection also is necessary. In fact, a mandate to attend such courses for the providers as part of their relicensure may translate into a better work force in our fight to reduce oral cancer incidence and mortality for Marylanders. Journal of Public Health Dentistry . ISSN 0022-4006


The Tracking and Data System supported the deep space phases of the Pioneer 6, 7, 8, and 9 missions, with two spacecraft in an inward trajectory and two spacecraft in an outward trajectory from the earth in heliocentric orbits. During the period of this report, scientific instruments aboard each of the spacecraft continued to register information relative to interplanetary particles and fields, and radiometric data generated by the network continued to contribute to knowledge of the celestial mechanics of the solar system. In addition, to network support activity detail, network performance and special support activities are covered.


In recent years, the Kenyan government has increasingly developed labor export policies to secure employment for its nationals in the Gulf countries. Between 100,000 – 300,000 Kenyan migrants—mostly unskilled laborers — are represented in the Gulf countries' population, and this number is expected to grow given the high demand for inexpensive foreign workers in the Gulf countries. Kenya's labor export policies facilitate important economic strategies that enable the government to address the Gulf countries' labor shortages, while easing the growing unemployment problems in Ken-ya. However, the Kenyan government has not formed a comprehensive protection policy nor developed bilateral labor arrangements and institutional/diplomatic capacity to safeguard Kenyans from labor violations and exploitation. This paper examines the Kenyan government's complex role in and its challenges with protecting its nationals in the Gulf countries, while analyzing the emerging contemporary migration flow between Kenya and the Gulf countries, mainly in Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates. We argue that the power asymmetry between the Kenyan and Gulf governments directly affects bilateral migration policymaking, particularly labor protection and migrant welfare. This paper further asserts that macro-factors the Gulf countries' bilateral trade with Kenya, humanitarian aid assistance as "soft-power", and open immigration systems have constrained the Kenyan government's ability to protect its nationals in the host countries.


El Salvador is one the few Ibero-American countries whose constitution explicitly proclaims the existence and validity of an international legal system with supra-legal hierarchy. The country has been party to the American Convention on Human Rights since 1978, and in 1995 it recognized the contentious jurisdiction of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. Nonetheless, there has been no compliance with the orders contained in the first three of four unfavorable judgments of the Court (up to December 2012) with regard to continuing or reopening criminal LA INFLUENCIA DE LAS DECISIONES DE LA CORTE Y DE LA COMISIÓN INTERAMERICANAS EN EL DERECHO PENAL DE LOS ESTADOS PARTES. INFORME DE EL SALVADOR Jaime Edwin Martínez Ventura Este libro forma parte del acervo de la Biblioteca Jurídica Virtual del Instituto de Investigaciones Jurídicas de la UNAM www.juridicas.unam.mx https://biblio.juridicas.unam.mx/bjv Libro completo en: https://goo.gl/Sl95J6 DR © 2013. Konrad Adenaur Stiftung e. V. Fundación Konrad Adenaur, Oficina Colombia. http://www.kas.de/rspla/es/ 254 SISTEMA INTERAMERICANO DE PROTECCIÓN DE LOS DERECHOS HUMANOS Y DERECHO PENAL INTERNACIONAL GRUPO LATINOAMERICANO DE ESTUDIOS SOBRE DERECHO PENAL INTERNACIONAL proceedings and overcoming any factual or legal obstacles to effective investigation. This essay offers an overview of the influence of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights' resolutions on El Salvador's criminal law and criminal procedure, and analyzes the degree of compliance with these decisions at the domestic level. It reviews the most relevant aspects of the incorporation of international law into the national system, including the recognition and hierarchy of international treaties within the country's legal order, the direct application of the American Convention on Human Rights and the recognition in domestic law of the State's obligation to comply with the decisions of the IACHR.


Significance Natural resource management is evolving toward a more holistic approach that acknowledges ecological connections among species. To date, there has been no demonstration of where or when this approach provides economic benefits. Here we find only modest economic benefits from having detailed knowledge of ecological linkages between species. However, the costs of incomplete or incorrect knowledge are unevenly distributed across user groups and are greater after historical overfishing. The ecosystem approach to natural resource management might therefore provide the greatest benefit by defining safe zones where management is robust to our limited understanding of ecological systems. Ecosystem approaches to natural resource management are seen as a way to provide better outcomes for ecosystems and for people, yet the nature and strength of interactions among ecosystem components is usually unknown. Here we characterize the economic benefits of ecological knowledge through a simple model of fisheries that target a predator (piscivore) and its prey. We solve for the management (harvest) trajectory that maximizes net present value (NPV) for different ecological interactions and initial conditions that represent different levels of exploitation history. Optimal management trajectories generally approached similar harvest levels, but the pathways toward those levels varied considerably by ecological scenario. Application of the wrong harvest trajectory, which would happen if one type of ecological interaction were assumed but in fact another were occurring, generally led to only modest reductions in NPV. However, the risks were not equal across fleets: risks of incurring large losses of NPV and missing management targets were much higher in the fishery targeting piscivores, especially when piscivores were heavily depleted. Our findings suggest that the ecosystem approach might provide the greatest benefits when used to identify system states where management performs poorly with imperfect knowledge of system linkages so that management strategies can be adopted to avoid those states.


Fluorescence microscopy is popular for its noninvasive properties and its use in imaging multiple species simultaneously (1). Furthermore, superresolution fluorescence localization microscopy methods such as fluorescence photoactivation localization microscopy (FPALM) utilize photoactivatable, photoswitchable, and photoconvertible fluorescent proteins to improve the lateral resolution of conventional fluorescence microscopy by an order of magnitude (2-4). However, our understanding of the effects of excitation light polarization coupled to the transition dipole orientation of fluorescent labels within the sample is incomplete. Specifically, the excitation rate of a given label is proportional to cos2θ, where θ is the angle between the excitation illumination polarization and the transition dipole moment of the label(1). Because of this relationship between the laser polarization and transition dipole orientation, using widefield circularly-polarized illumination, one cannot excite all possible fluorophore orientations simultaneously with equal efficiency. Since thresholds are commonly used in localization microscopy during the stage of identification of fluorophores, the number of localized molecules can also be reduced by such polarization effects. Here, we briefly present an experimental excitation geometry called cross-beam, which uses two lasers with similar wavelength to excite labels with any transition dipole orientation.


The invention discloses a voice detecting system. Piezoelectric ceramics (PZT) are additionally arranged on a reference arm of a Michelson interferometer to carry out optical modulation, and an optical path difference between reference light and signal light is periodically changed, so that phase modulation is realized. An interference signal is converted into an electric signal by a photoelectric detector and transmitted to a data acquisition card, and sampled data are demodulated through a digital PGC (Phase Generated Carrier) algorithm and are output. On the basis of remaining the advantage of simple and compact structure of the Michelson interferometer, the voice detecting system achieves favorable anti-interference performance with lower cost and can obtain higher voice signal-to-noise ratio and resolution ratio under a conventional working condition.


[Objective]To establish a reliable method for trace elements determination,and analyze the serum levels of trace elements among 360 preschool children who received health examination in the Sichuan Science City Hospital.[Methods]The contents of copper (Cu),iron (Fe) and Zinc (Zn) in serum of preschool children were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer,and the result was statistically analyzed.[Results]There was no significant difference in contents of Cu,Fe and Zn among different age groups (all P0.05).The content of Fe decreased after 3 years old.The total abnormal rate of Cu,Fe and Zn was 1.94%,3.33% and 5.00%,respectively.[Conclusion]The abnormal rates of Cu,Fe and Zn of children in this area were significantly lower than some reports.Because the high zinc content was obvious,trace elements supplement should have the right balance,and the use of oral preparation should be rational.It is suggested that parents should pay attention to help children develop good eating habit.


Provided are a method and a device for processing depth images. The method comprises: acquiring a depth image and a shot image corresponding to the depth image; dividing the depth image to obtain a plurality of segment units; calculating a depth reference values corresponding to each segment unit; determining, according to the corresponding depth reference value, a depth value standard range of each segment unit; and adjusting a depth value of each pixel of the depth image to be within the depth value standard range corresponding to the segment unit where the pixel is located. The method and the device of the embodiments of the present invention can improve the quality of depth images and enable the depth images to be more easily identified.


This paper presents a study for modelling the behaviour of high strength SHCCs (strainhardening cement-based composites) made with high performance polymer fibers under quasi-static tensile loading. High density polyethylene fibers are modelled explicitly and distributed randomly in a two-dimensional model. Single fiber pull-out test result is used for micromechanical characterization of bond strength. Load test simulations are conducted with in-house program CaeFem and comparisons are made with experimental results. Several sensitivity analyses performed based on different fiber contents and notches located in the mid-height of a dumbbell specimen.


Edward Forbes.— In the melancholy list of those who have passed away from among the Fellows of this Society, there is no name whose mention will awaken a more general and profound feeling of regret than that of Edward Forbes.


We present deep SofI and ISAAC near-infrared imaging data of the X-ray luminous galaxy cluster RDCS J1252.9- 2927. The ISAAC data were taken at the ESO Very Large Telescope under very good seeing conditions and reach limiting Vega magnitudes of 25.6 and 24.1 in the J− and Ks−bands respectively. The image quality is 0. '' 45 in both passbands. We use these data to construct a colour-magnitude (C-M) diagram of galaxies that are within 20 '' of the cluster center and brighter than Ks = 24, which is five magnitudes fainter than the apparent magnit ude of a L ⋆ galaxy in this cluster. The C-M relation is clearly identified as an over-density of galaxies with col ours near J− Ks = 1.85. The slope of the relation is−0.05± 0.02 and the intrinsic scatter is 0.06 magnitudes with a 90% confid ence interval that extends from 0.04 to 0.09 magnitudes. Both the slope and the scatter are consistent with the values measured for clusters at lower redshifts. These quantities have not evolved from z = 0 to z = 1.24. However, significant evolution in the mean J− Ks colour is detected. On average, the galaxies in RDCS J1252.9-2927 are 0.25 magnitudes bluer than early-type galaxies in the Coma cluster. Using instantaneous single-burst solar-metallicity models, the average age of galaxies in th e center of RDCS J1252.9-2927 is 2.7 Gyrs.


PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between isotonic ankle plantar flexor endurance (PFE), foot pronation as measured by navicular drop, and exercise-related leg pain (ERLP).

BACKGROUND
Exercise-related leg pain is a common occurrence in competitive and recreational runners. The identification of factors contributing to the development of ERLP may help guide methods for the prevention and management of overuse injuries.

METHODS
Seventy-seven (44 males, 33 females) competitive runners from five collegiate cross-country (XC) teams consented to participate in the study. Isotonic ankle PFE and foot pronation were measured using the standing heel-rise and navicular drop (ND) tests, respectively. Demographic information, anthropometric measurements, and ERLP history were also recorded. Subjects were then prospectively tracked for occurrence of ERLP during the 2009 intercollegiate cross-country season. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to examine the relationships between isotonic ankle joint PFE and ND and the occurrence of ERLP.

RESULTS
While no significant differences were identified for isotonic ankle PFE between groups of collegiate XC runners with and without ERLP, runners with a ND >10 mm were almost 7 times (OR=6.6, 95% CI=1.2-38.0) more likely to incur medial ERLP than runners with ND <10 mm. Runners with a history of ERLP in the month previous to the start of the XC season were 12 times (OR=12.3, 95% CI=3.1-48.9) more likely to develop an in-season occurrence of ERLP.

CONCLUSION
While PFE did not appear to be a risk factor in the development of ERLP in this group of collegiate XC runners, those with a ND greater than 10 mm may be at greater odds of incurring medial ERLP.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
2b.


The invention discloses a manufacturing process of nubuck for making an ink pad. The process comprises the steps of: firstly, preparing a wet nubuck semi-finished product, coating a double-side fuzzing cloth with a well prepared slurry at a linear speed of 9-10m/min, then passing the cloth through a coagulation tank and a washing tank in order to undergo curing and washing treatment, then performing drying and shaping, thus obtaining the wet nubuck semi-finished product; and secondly, subjecting the prepared wet nubuck semi-finished product into a No.1 grinding head to undergo grinding, thus obtaining the finished product. The process provided by the invention adopts special resin to adjust the formula and performs control by precise production conditions, so that the prepared nubuck has very fast and uniform ink absorption effects, and very good ink storage performance, thus being able to significantly improve the service life of an ink ribbon.


Java-enabled wireless devices are preferred for various reasons such as enhanced user experience and the support for dynamically downloading applications on demand. The dynamic download capability supports extensibility of the mobile client features and centralizes application maintenance at the server. Also, it enables service providers to customize features for the clients. In this work, we extend this client-server collaboration further by offloading some of the computations (i.e., method execution and dynamic compilation) normally performed by the mobile client to the resource-rich server in order to conserve energy consumed by the client in a wireless Java environment. In the proposed framework, the object serialization feature of Java is used to allow offloading of both method execution and bytecode-to-native code compilation to the server when executing a Java application. Our framework takes into account communication, computation and compilation energies to dynamically decide where to compile and execute a method (locally or remotely) and how to execute it (using interpretation or just-in-time compilation with different levels of optimizations).


Hydrogen peroxide and peroxycarboxylic acids have been identified to be ecologically beneficial reagents for disinfection and bleaching purposes [1]. Due to the considerable increase of peroxide consumption in industrial processes, the development of selective and accurate analytical methods has stimulated research in this field [2]. A method is described here based on the separation of hydrogen peroxide and peracids on a reverse-phase HPLC system following post-column reaction with a concentrated solution of potassium iodide. The reaction of peroxides with acidified KI in the presence of ammonium molybdate as catalyst was used: The measurement of I 3- by its optical absorption forms the basis of the triiodide method. The high molar absorptivity of I 3 ¯ (26500 M -1 ·cm -1 ) and fast reaction rate makes the I 3 ¯ method convenient for the determination of both hydrogen peroxide and peracids. A series of standard solutions containing H 2 O 2 , PAA (peroxyacetic acid) and mCPBA (3-chloroperbenzoic acid) were injected through a 20 µ l injection loop. Detection was performed at 352 nm. Under the optimal HPLC conditions good separation was attained. The was to monitor the formation of PAA in the course of a washing cycle performed with a laundry detergent marketed under the trade name 'Persil'. The method was compared with that using


Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the correlation between the spread of the SARS-Cov-2 virus and a number of epidemiological parameters has been a key tool for understanding the dynamics of its flow. This information has assisted local authorities in making policy decisions for the containment of its expansion. Several methods have been used including topographical data, artificial intelligence and machine learning data, and epidemiological tools to analyze factors facilitating the spread of epidemic at a local and global scale. The aim of this study is to use a new tool to assess and categorize the incoming epidemiological data regarding the spread of the disease as per population densities, spatial and topographical morphologies, social and financial activities, population densities and mobility between regions. These data will be appraised as risk factors in the spread of the disease on a local and a global scale.


The safe and cost-effective drilling of wells requires the determination of an optimum mud pressure to ensure the borehole stability. This is especially important for deviated and horizontal wells. For this purpose rock mechanics investigations can be made to consider unknown or varying in situ parameters. The paper presents an example based on the optimization of mud pressure for the horizontal well in the Sohlingen Z-10 project. The numerical calculations included the uncertain parameters of mud infiltration and of cooling of the borehole wall resulting from mud circulation. The combination of all the conditions investigated enabled a trend analysis to be made for the stability of the borehole surroundings as a function of a variety of in situ conditions. Based on these trends detailed investigations were made of critical states to define the probability of propagation and the nature of wall instabilities. The comparison of the specific case results with the trend of stability make it possible to determine the optimal mud pressure for given conditions under consideration of a likely range of uncertainties.


The theses describes the methods and algorithms used to implement tactical and strategic artificial intelligence characters in shooting games. Individual chapters and subsections explain the different solutions and principles developed in order to achieve the most realistic thinking figures. The practical part has been implemented and described the basic first person shooter game using artificial intelligence based on state machines.


A correction is presented to a quantitative study [J. Opt. Soc. Am.55, 572 (1965)] of Rayleigh's criterion for allowable wave-front amplitude aberration. Also, for comparison, Marechal's alternative root-mean-square criterion is evaluated under the same conditions.


Though Heinrich Heine died 151 years ago, the underlying illness responsible for his suffering
of many years has never been fully clarified. The diagnosis put forward most frequently
in retrospect w


In this paper, we present a method to correct the amplitud distorsion produced by a non linear system. First of all it is shown how this correction can be achieved making use of a least square error criterium by means of a polynomical function. An adaptive method is also studied and a discussion of the convergence condition is made. Finally, as an example, the method is aplied to design the expansor which makes use of a mu law.


This study focused on the preparation of a high surface area mesoporous γ-Al2O3 as a catalyst for methanol dehydration. The catalysts were characterized using NH3- temperature-programmed desorption, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, and transmission electron microscopy techniques and evaluated in a fixed-bed reactor at 250°C at a gas hourly space velocity of 1,000 h−1 under atmospheric pressure. A three-factor uniform design was utilized to determine the optimal conditions. The catalyst prepared under optimal conditions showed a time-space yield of 0.659 g dimethyl ether/(g cat·h) with selectivity of about 99.99%. The activity showed a significant dependence on the textural properties and enhanced weak acid strength of the alumina.


Communication through making marks is a fundamental human instinct. Humans have always used the act of drawing as a means to express ideas, emotions and to record actions. Currently, the discipline of drawing is being profoundly influenced, and perhaps forever changed, by the proliferation of new drawing media, technologies and diverse approaches to making marks through digital means. As such, the perception and understanding of what constitutes drawing is rapidly expanding. Simultaneously, many graphic artists are expanding upon historical approaches to drawing. The early 21st Century is a time when the dialogue between innovation and tradition has never been stronger. This paper seeks to explore this dialogue by embracing the breadth of what drawing is and to conjecture on where drawing might go in the immediate future by exploring the use of new technologies, elaborating the impact of continuing traditions of drawings, and to engage the expanding range of ideas that are brought to this basic form of human expression. As we enter into this new millennium, the immediacy of drawing offers, as it always has, a profound mirror to the swift change that pervades the global digital culture. The author invites all those involved in drawing, in whatever form, to be a part of this dialogue.


One of the most important issues that define the quality of life is the security and security of the people against the current threats mainly coming from terrorism. Traffic with narcotics and the irresponsible consumption of some drugs are also serious problems for humanity. The science and technology is on the permanent race to help authorities combat illegal activities such as explosives and narcotics before they produce the effects. The equipment that helps combat these threats should meet several requirements such as sensitivity, accuracy — in terms of specificity and false alarm rate, and time of detection. In this paper we present our work to develop an original equipment for scanning suspect packages to detect the strongest explosives and also some narcotics exploiting the phenomenon of Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance (NQR). The HW solution is presented as well as the main constructive aspects of the prototype are discussed. In this paper are provided results of tests using two reference substances containing 14N: sodium nitrite and paracetamol.


Analysis of rumen fluid volatile fatty acids (VFA) is typically conducted by injecting acidified aqueous rumen fluid into a gas chromatograph (GC) with a flame ignition detector (FID). Water in GC samples can lead to poor peak shape and to contamination of inlets, potentially causing sample carryover. Aqueous methods are not well suited for use in mass spectrometer (MS) detector systems. The objective of this project was to validate a dimethyl carbonate (DMC) extraction process and GCMS method for rumen VFA analysis. To perform the extraction, 100 µL of sample, KHSO4 (50 g/L), and 2-ethylbutyrate (internal standard; 0.86 mM) are added to a microcentrifuge tube (in order) followed by 1 mL of DMC. The mixture is thoroughly vortexed and centrifuged. The organic layer (top) is removed and placed in a GC vial. The DMC extract is injected (0.5 µL) into an Agilent 5977B GCMS (8:1 split injection) with a polar DB-FFAP column. The column was held at 105°C for 5 min, increased at 10°C/min to 150°C, then 65°C/min to 240°C, and held constant for 10 min. The assay is linear for acetate from approximately 2 mM to at least 130 mM and covers the expected values of rumen concentrations for the other VFA. Recovery of VFA from spiked rumen fluid was tested at three concentrations in rumen fluid from steers fed a finishing diet or grazing wheat pasture. Recovery was not affected by the diet of the animals (P > 0.19) or the amount of VFA spiked (P > 0.27) and averaged 99.9% for all VFA, with valerate being the lowest (95.9%). Including the 10 min hold at 240°C at the end of each run prevented carryover from sample to sample. This method appears to perform well in a GCMS system and accurately and precisely quantify rumen fluid VFA.


The high-pressure phase diagram of SiO2 has been calculated using density-functional perturbation theory. We find that phase transitions of silica do not correspond to any observed seismic discontinuities within the Earth. We analyze the breakdown of close packing occurring in SiO2 above 200 GPa and conclude that it is due to asphericity and deformability of ions, which can generally lead to the formation on non-close-packed structures at high pressure. Our calculations indicate that pyrite-structured SiO2, stable above 200 GPa, has no soft modes down to ambient pressure and could, therefore, be quenchable. Above 750 GPa a cotunnite-type phase is stable.


This paper aims to introduce a phaseless near-field-far-field (NF-FF) transformation with planar wide-mesh scanning (PWMS) and to give a numerical validation of the technique. The here considered NF-FF transformation, based on a non-redundant sampling representation of the electromagnetic field developed by modeling the antenna under test (AUT) with a double bowl, allows to achieve a remarkable reduction (about 90%) of needed NF samples, as compared to standard $\lambda/4$ sampling. The reliability and stability of the phase retrieval problem is improved exploiting a proper representation of the unknowns and the a priori information on the AUT. Numerical results, assessing the proposed characterization technique, are shown.


An SP6/mouse insulin RNA precursor containing two exons and one intron can be spliced in a partially purified nuclear extract isolated from MOPC-315 mouse myeloma cells. We have detected the putative RNA splicing intermediate (intron-3'exon) in a lariat form, the excised intron in a lariat form, and the mRNA spliced product. The in vitro splicing reaction of gel-purified RNA precursors requires ATP and Mg2* and was accompanied by the formation of a 60-40S ribonucleoprotein complex. The formation of the 60S complex requires ATP. At least two Sm snRNPs containing Ul and U2 RNAs are components of the 60-40S complex. The assemble of those snRNPs occurs early during the splicing reaction and it requires ATP and intron containing pre-mRNAs. INTRODUCTION Eukaryotic genes encoding proteins frequently contain intron sequences, which are first transcribed as parts of the pre-mRNAs and subsequently removed by splicing (1,3,7). The cleavage and ligation reactions have been proposed to occur in a multicomponent precursor mRNA-ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex, likely containing Sm small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs) (12,17,18,21). Assembly of the pre-mRNA to the complex would position the cut exon and RNA intermediates to promote accurate ligation. We have previously reported a partial purification of approximately 108 fold of a pre-mRNA splicing activity from nuclear extracts of MOPC-315 mouse myeloma cells (6). The splicing reaction of a non-gel purified SP6/adenovirus 2 EII (Ad2 ElI) pre-mRNA occurred without a lag, did not require exogenously added Mg and was dependent on ATP or GTP (9). In this study we show that when pre-mRNA's are purified on denaturing gels from contaminants of the transcription reactions, the in vitro splicing reactions required Mg , ATP, and Sm snRNPs. To facilitate the analysis of the in vitro processing products we have © I R L Press Limited, Oxford, England. Nucleic Acids Research Volume 14 Number 9 1986


A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different N applied rates(100,200,300,and 400 kg/hm2) on nitrate accumulation in leaves and roots,protein content in stems and leaves,and the N utilization rates by pennisetum americanum×P.purpureum and Euchlaena mexicana during different growing stages.There was a positive correlation between the leaf nitrate content of the two forages and N application rate,but N rates had no significant influence on root nitrate content.With growth of the forages,leaf nitrate content increased slightly,and root nitrate content rose at first then declined,but the nitrate contents of the forages during all stages of this experiment were below the poisonous limit of 0.25%.The DMPE,CPPE and NARR contents of the two forages diminished with increased N application but protein content showed an upward tendency with the highest protein contents of P.americanum×P.purpureum and of E.mexicanna reaching 23.23% and 25.80% respectively.This means that N utilization rates decreased with increased N application rates,resulting in a gradual decrease of the protein content with growth of the forages.In a comprehensive assessment,the recommended dose of fertilizer N for P.americanum×P.purpureum and E.mexicanna was 200 kg/hm2 in hilly areas of red soil.


When a new idea arrives in a manifested form it is encompassing the whole set of information environment parameters that triggered that very moment. It is because you are able to discover, order, manipulate and refactor the raw data sets in your own knowledge set. A quite unique set. Many components of the set are manifested augmentations of one unique set of research habits. What happens when in the process of shaping the original idea actor like LAM specialists, software and hardware tools, legal framework and social graph are involved proposing different and more efficient approaches? Some answers arrive when you deconstruct the idea's background, as personal knowledge background, libraries, cultural frameworks and technological means are seen as real fairy godmothers of the future discoveries. But most of the time it is all about hacking your own way into the field being into a continuous competition with time and different limitations. The study will offer some paths using as many augmentation skills and tools as the aforementioned actors may offer in order to become an elegant lean thinking machine.


This paper describes the methodology that was followed for designing a scaled wind turbine model. This model is intended to be used in complex terrain studies as well as deep array wind farm control tests. Therefore, emphasis was given on making it as compact as possible while keeping a high level of instrumentation. The result is a three blade wind turbine with rotor diameter of 0.6 m equipped with active pitch, yaw and torque control. After a discussion on the design procedure, we present preliminary performance characteristics of the model obtained experimentally.


We introduce a new implementation of a three-input multiplier. This multiplier is capable of accepting three binary inputs, and producing the product, a*b*c. Although this implementation requires more space, it reduces the number of clock cycles required to multiply three numbers. In this paper, we present the front end 4-bit partial product array that can be incorporated into a typical multiplier to extend the multiplication to three inputs.


Objective To probe the clinical effect of the vertebral column decancellation( VCD) osteotomy for the management of the spinal kyphotic deformity due to ankylosing spondylitis. Methods Twenty-eight patients with spinal kyphotic deformity due to ankylosing spondylitis underwent VCD osteotomy. Preoperative and postoperative height,brow-chin angle,distance of sagittal balance loss and Cobb angle of the osteotomy sites were measured to evaluate the curative effect. Results The operation time was 128 ~ 226 minutes,and the intraoperative blood loss was960 ~ 4 580 ml. Dural rupture encountered in operation in 9 patients,and they healed on time by tight suture and drainage. Three patients encountered postoperative pulmonary infection,and recovered by positive anti-inflammatory therapy treatment. Four patients encountered stress gastric ulcer after operation,and recovered through the proton pump inhibitor treatment. The height was corrected from preoperative 110. 6 ~ 135. 4( 122. 6 ± 11. 2) cm to postoperative 150. 6 ~ 175. 8( 160. 8 ± 9. 66) cm. The brow-chin angle was corrected from preoperative 62° ~ 112°( 66° ±26. 3°) to postoperative 5. 2 ~ 21. 4°( 12. 3° ± 6. 2°). The distance of sagittal balance loss was corrected from preoperative 12 ~ 28( 16. 6 ± 4. 6) cm to postoperative 4. 5 ~ 13. 8( 8. 6 ± 3. 2) cm. Cobb angle was corrected from preoperative 40° ~ 145°( 86. 2° ± 20. 3°) with kyphosis to postoperative- 19. 2° ~ 21. 4°(- 2. 6° ± 16. 1°) with lordosis.The differences were statistically significant( P 0. 05). All patients were followed up for 1 ~ 4( 2. 6 ± 0. 5) years.At final follow-up,all the spinal kyphotic deformities of the patients were corrected obviously. Conclusions VCD osteotomy can effectively correct spinal kyphotic deformity due to ankylosing spondylitis,and significantly improve the appearance and quality of life of patients.


Simulations of blood flows in microfluidic devices and physiological systems are gaining importance in complementing experimental and clinical studies. The predictive capabilities of these simulations hinge on the parameters of the red blood cell (RBC) model that are usually calibrated from experimental data. However, these parameter values may vary drastically when calibrated using different experimental quantities or experimental settings. In turn, the results of existing blood flow simulations largely depend on the utilized parameters that have been chosen to validate a particular experiment. We suggest a revision to this type of model calibration to properly integrate experimental data in the computational models and accordingly inform their predictions. In this context, we introduce the calibration of a popular RBC model using data-driven, hierarchical Bayesian inference. We employ data from classical experiments of RBC stretching by optical tweezers and tank treading in shear flows, and distinguish the calibration of the model parameters through single-level and hierarchical Bayesian uncertainty quantification. We find that the optimal model parameters depend not only on the data used for the inference but also on the way the data are used in the inference process. Single-level Bayesian models predict well the data used in their calibration, but are inferior to the hierarchical Bayesian model at predicting previously unseen data. This work demonstrates that the proper integration of experimental data is essential for the development of a robust and transferable RBC model. We believe that the present study can serve as a prototype across scientific fields, in revising the integration of computational models and heterogeneous experimental data.


The ribbons with different thicknesses of Fe83Ga17 alloy were prepared by melt spun. The maximum magnetostriction of −2100ppm has been obtained in the ribbon with the thickness of 75μm. The microstructures of the ribbons were determined by x-ray diffraction. It was found that DO3 structure emerges in those ribbons melt spun at a higher cooling rate. This special DO3 structure is favorable to the enhancement of magnetostriction. It is considered that more short-range ordering of Ga atoms appeared when liquid alloy was solidified with a certain extreme cooling rate. Such short-range ordering of Ga atoms brings a local stress and results in the giant magnetostriction. The large demagnetizing magnetic energy in the normal direction of the ribbons causes the magnetic moments parallel to the ribbon plane. When an applied magnetic field is perpendicular to the ribbon plane, the magnetic moments turn 90° and generate giant magnetostriction.


General symmetric hypoelliptic systems of differential operators in with discrete spectrum are considered. Two-sided estimates, as , are found for , the number of eigenvalues in the interval . Under a regularity assumption on the behavior of the spectrum of the Weyl matrix symbol of the system, these estimates reduce to the asymptotics of with an estimate of the remainder term. In part the results are also new for the scalar case. Bibliography: 9 titles.


The centrosymmetric compound trans-1,4-dibromo-1,4-dicyanocyclohexane is unusual in that, although it would be expected to have a zero dipole moment, and this has been verified in the crystal, it h...


High Flow Nasal Cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC) is nowadays widely used at paediatric intensive care units (PICU) to provide a safe and comfortable (warm and humidified) oxygen delivery in children with respiratory distress. At general paediatric wards HFNC is hardly used because intensive observation is necessary to prevent late discovery of respiratory failure and of lack of experience. Paediatric Early Warning Scores (PEWS, figure 1) are used to detect and monitor severely sick patients. In our hospital we use the PEWS as developed by Parshuram with the addition of the body temperature 1,2 .


This work consists to give a comparative study between two proposed methods of an extracted road network and its nodes from satellite images of Algeria sites. The proposed methods are founded on the information theory and the mathematical morphology. A model of integration of obtained results in a geographical information system GIS will be presented. It is applied for that the geometrical representation of the images is as near as possible to the reality. The performances of this work were tested on satellite images of Algeria sites. The practical results obtained are in general satisfactory.


Pediatric Critical Care Medicine www.pccmjournal.org 105 Admission into a PICU can be a highly stressful experience, with up to 62% of children demonstrating posttraumatic stress symptoms following a PICU admission (1). Children needing invasive and/or painful procedures during their PICU stay are particularly at increased risk of these sequelae, with most requiring titration of pain and sedation medications to facilitate care. Caregiver and provider concern for the unclear impact of pain and sedative medications on the developing brain and increased health risks (e.g., physiologic instability, ICU acquired weakness, withdrawal and dependence, delirium, and long-term health outcomes) are energizing interest trials investigating ancillary approaches to comfort (2, 3). It is therefore crucial to explore and validate nonpharmacologic interventions toward child comfort in the PICU to alleviate some of these hazards. One potential approach to decreasing stress and improving comfort is music. Music and medicine have a long history of being entwined, going as far back as the Greek philosopher Pythagoras prescribing music to promote health (4). There is an increasing interest in studying music's impact on health outcomes (5). Among mechanically ventilated adults, music decreased physiologic and psychologic responses to stress (e.g., vital signs, self-reported anxiety) and sedative use (6, 7). In this issue of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Liu et al (8) are the first to publish a randomized, controlled nonblinded pilot trial examining the use of music for children receiving mechanical ventilation. In this pilot study, conducted at a single PICU in a tertiary care hospital in China, 50 children receiving mechanical ventilation 1 month to 7 years old were randomized to receiving prerecorded music of child-preferred songs (delivered via MP3 player and headphones, 5 cm from the child's ear) or to a control group who did not receive music intervention. Their aim was to assess feasibility of implementing their music-based intervention with this population. Nurses played the music three times a day for an hour each time and assessed the child's comfort using the COMFORT Behavior (COMFORT-B) scale and vital signs 5 minutes pre and post intervention while intubated. Compared with the control group, the music group had improved postintervention COMFORT-B scores. Additionally, secondary outcomes (e.g., heart and respiration rates, systolic blood pressure, oxygen saturation, ventilation time, and ondemand midazolam use) were more consistent with comfort in the music group. Feasibility was explored via an open-ended questionnaire with six nurses delivering the intervention. Feedback was primarily positive, with suggestions to allow for more flexible and personalized timing of music interventions, exploring dosage/time effects, and using wireless headphones. These are exciting preliminary results which warrant additional trials to build on this evidence base to inform clinical practice within the PICU. A few of the strengths and limitations of the study by Liu et al (8) warrant further discussion to aid the design of future trials. Literature reviews on the efficacy of music are often limited by a lack sufficient clarity on the intervention, which prevents cross-study comparisons, generalizability, and clinical implementation (9). To combat this, music-based trials should provide sufficient details on their intervention, aligned with the reporting guidelines for music-based interventions (9). One of the strengths of the study by Liu et al (8) is their detailed description of their music-based intervention based on the above guideline (9). Additionally, aspects of their intervention such as the timing of the intervention and the use of patientpreferred music were well thought out. It would have been interesting, however, for the article to explore the science behind their intervention in more depth. There are a variety of complex theories regarding the potential mechanisms in which music can impact health and improve outcomes to guide music-based interventions. For example, the gate control theory of pain suggests presentation of an alternate stimulus, such as music, decreases the perception of pain, thereby increasing comfort (10). Another proposed mechanism is that music-induced neurologic responses—specifically, music has been found to decrease Beta-endorphin and cortisol and increase regional cerebral blood flow within structures critical to reward and reinforcement (11, 12). Last, physiologic entrainment, in which an individual's heart rate and respiratory rate entrain to the external stimuli of music, may contribute toward *See also p. e8.


We present a theoretical analysis of miore fringes formation with partially coherent light. This analysis is based on the propagation laws of the mutual coherence function. Γ. With perfectly coherent light (i.e. laser light) the fringe visibility is maximum only in the Fourier planes. We show the existence of « critical coherence » field srtuctures which reduce the fringe visibility even in he Fourier planes. This analysis shows that periodic object image formation is strongly influenced by the coherence strucure of the light field.


This is a happy but solemn occasion. We are gathered here to perpetuate the memory of a lovable man and a great dermatologist. It is praiseworthy that Dr. Brunsting has enrolled Dr. O'Leary's former students and that they have so generously contributed to a fund which will make possible future educational and social reunions. At those times the accomplishments and anecdotes about Dr. O'Leary will be reviewed, and, when time and his contemporaries have passed on, those who follow will be exhilarated by the traditions that have been built around his name. I am very proud to have been chosen to give the first Paul O'Leary Memorial Lecture and thank you most sincerely for the honor. I well realize that such a lecture can only be a token of my great respect and a symbol of continued activity in the field to which he contributed so much. The more one contemplates disease entities in dermatology, the more one is impressed by the tissue selectivity of various


Cultural conflicts make one struggle to find his or her ethnic identity and position, since he or she grows up in a culture and custom that are largely different from those in the immigrant country. A second-or third-generation Chinese lives in Europe or Africa, in which the customs and traditions are distinguished from those of his or her original family culture. Also, cultural conflict is based on some reasons: racial discrimination, stereotypes, vague identity, cultural differences, etc., and these causes sometimes lead to misunderstanding or bully. Among the Asian-American writers, Shawn Wong is one of the well-known Chinese American authors and scholars and he has dedicated the issue of Chinese diaspora, cultural things and ethnic identity. As an Asian American, Shawn Wong has already published two novels, Homebase and American Knees, revealing the issue about identity and ethnicity; the former focuses on a son's love for his parents and family, while the latter is a story about the protagonist's four relationships to re-discover his identity. In this discussion, I would like to introduce Shawn Wong first, and my discussion about American Knees consists of four main points, namely, "The Frame and Traditions within Chinese Society," "Racial Stereotypes and Masculinity in Chinese Men,", " Raymond Searches His Identity from His Four Relationship in American Knees," and the last one, "Crossing the Bridge between First and Second Generation in America." I analyze these four key points to shed light on the struggle of the main character, Raymond Ding, i.e. how he keeps his image of a good Chinese son in the beginning till he accepts and approves the ethnicity by crossing the bridge at the end of the novel.


Introduction Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting the interaction between programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) constitute the backbone of the oncological armamentarium. Nonetheless, certain cancer types almost never respond to such ICIs, and only a minority (one-quarter to one-third) of patients bearing cancers for which PD-1 blockade is FDA approved obtain therapeutic benefit. For this reason, a fervent search for combination treatments, including other immunotherapies, immunogenic chemotherapies, or targeted therapies, is underway (1). Surprisingly, nutritional interventions are now being considered as a possible strategy for improving the efficacy of immunotherapy. Indeed, three rather different types of dietary interventions are being considered at the clinical level for boosting immunotherapeutic responses: (a) fasting regimens involving a reduction of caloric intake; (b) ketogenic diets, which are low-carbohydrate, high-fat, sufficient-protein diets leading to an increase in ketone bodies; and (c) the supplementation with polyphenol-rich extracts from an Amazonian berry, camu-camu (Figure 1).Fasting Fasting, which can be either continuous (caloric restriction) or intermittent (through cycles that last 18 hours: time-restricted feeding; 1 day every second day: alternative-day fasting; 2 consecutive days per week: 5:2 day fasting, etc.), is well known to improve the health spans and life spans of laboratory animals (2). In obese patients, caloric restriction–induced weight loss is not further improved by time-restricted feeding (eating only between 8:00 […]


RFID middleware collects and filters RFID streaming data gathered continuously by numerous readers to process requests from applications. These requests are called continuous queries. The problem when using any of the existing query indexes on these continuous queries is that it takes a long time to build the index because it is necessary to insert a large number of segments into the index. KDB-tree is an index which can dispose multidimensional data. It is also a dynamic balance tree that has a good query performance and high spatial usage. This paper propose an aggregate transformation algorithm for querydata filtering, and applies KDB-tree into RFID event filtering to improve the performance of query. Comparing to other indexes, the result of simulation shows that KDB-tree index outperforms others in synthesized consideration of storage cost, insertion time cost and query time cost. In particular the query time cost of KDB-tree is distinctly lower than others because it provides single path traverse in the query process.


Integrated optoelectronic logic circuits which convert the electrical signal inputs into the logic gated optical signal output are discussed. These circuits include OR, AND, NOR, NAND, Exclusive OR and D/A Converter. The technology required to develop these circuits is not ready at present. However, initial results on the optoelectronic integration effort are encouraging. If the development is successful, there will be a wide range of applications for these devices.


Naples occupies a special place in the cultural and political memories of Central European nobility. In the aftermath of the Congress of Vienna the resorts of the Habsburg nobles are closely linked to the diplomatic and military action in the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. Their circulation brings to light the Parthenopean city in the formation of the political culture of the generation born at the dawn of the century of revolutions. The aim of this study is to compare two writings about the Austrian presence in Naples, drawn from the archives of Bohemia and Austria, in order to give them meaning in the establishment of Pax Austriaca in pre-unified Italy. On the one hand, the Count of Clary-Aldringen, revisiting the spirit of the Grand Tour, stayed in Naples during the decisive years of the Quinquennio 1815-1820 and spent the following years writing memories of his travels. On the other one, the Count de Ficquelmont, a veteran of the Spanish War, was sent to Naples in order to gauge the scale of the 1820 insurrections. The concrete implications of their stays in Naples are thus compared with the formation of an aristocratic representation supporting the Habsburg action in the Restoration process.


Austenitic stainless steels are widely used welding materials in nuclear reactors and power plants because of their high strength, good ductility, excellent corrosion resistance and a reasonable weldability. These properties make austenitic stainless steels attractive candidate materials for use in the fabrication of piping systems, automotive exhaust gas systems and in a variety of equipment associated with the chemical and nuclear power industries. PWHT is a stress relieving process whereby residual stresses are reduced by typically heating to 550–650 °C for a set time depending upon plate thickness. It concerns have emerged about possible effects on the mechanical properties of the base (parent) and weld plates (PM and WM). The 6 mm AISI 304L, 316L, and 347 austenitic stainless steels were used for this work. These welds were produced by SMAW and GTAW techniques using a single vee preparation and multiple weld beads, and welded by various types of consumables. The fracture surfaces of the Charpy V-notch PM and WM (before and after PWHT) samples were examined by SEM. Scanning electron fractographs was critical in this study, in that valuable information regarding the mechanism and nature of failure could be determined. This paper reports work on the impact toughness of the three types of austenitic stainless steels. The parent and weld regions were examined for all types of steels used, and then exposed to temperature in the PWHT range. The effect of exposure to multiple PWHT cycles on these properties is discussed. A decrease in impact energy and fracture toughness with an increase in the number of heat treatments was evident in the parent metal. Similary, the weld metal showed a decrease in impact energy after two PWHT cycles.Copyright © 2009 by ASME


Successful interaction across cultures requires cultural intelligence. Several aspects of cultural intelligence in organizations are described: suspending judgment until enough information about the other person becomes available; paying attention to the situation; cross-cultural training that increases isomorphic attributions, appropriate affect, and appropriate behaviors; matching personal and organizationally attributes; increasing the probability of appropriate organizational practices.


Several classes of traveling vortices in the dayside ionospheric convection have been detected and tracked using the Greenland magnetometer chain (Friis-Christensen et al., 1988, McHenry et al., 1989). One class observed during quiet times consists of a continuous series of vortices moving generally anti-sunward for several hours at a time. The vortices strength is seen to be approximately steady and neighboring vortices rotate in opposite directions. Sondrestrom radar observations show that the vortices are located at the ionospheric convection reversal boundary. Low altitude DMSP observations indicate the vortices are on field lines which map to the inner edge of the low latitude boundary layer. Because the vortices are conjugate to the boundary layer, repeat in a regular fashion and travel antisunward, the authors argue that this class of vortices is caused by the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability of the inner edge of the magnetospheric boundary layer.


When instructing and managing classrooms in university settings, instructors face numerous challenges such as student disengagement and managing course expectations. In this article, we offer new and revised techniques and strategies to engage students through the art of caring leadership. We accomplish this through three defining characteristics: knowing students' names, managing course expectations, and the use of technology. These intentional strategies create positive student-instructor interactions in both small and large classrooms which in turn enhances student learning and engagement.


Cytotoxic enterotoxin and outer membrane protein have been proved to be protective antigens against Aeromonas hydrophila. Primers P1,P2,P3 and P4 were designed based on the sequences of cytotoxic enterotoxin gene (act) and outer membrane gene (OmpTS) of Aeromonas hydrophila in Genbank (primers P1,P2 for act, primers P3,P4 for ompTS). The genomic DNA of a strain of Aeromonas hydrophila isolated in Guangdong Province was extracted and used as PCR template. Then the partial act fragmetnt and ompTS fragment without the signal sequence were amplified separately and purified by DNA agarose gel purification Kit. With these two fragments mixed together as the template, one target fragment about 2.1kb was amplified with primer P1 and P4 after the second step PCR amplification. A linker, (Gly 4Ser) 3, was inserted between these two genes. The down stream primer of act overlapped the upstream primer of OmpTS in 21bp and the linker (Gly 4Ser) 3 was encoded by this two primers together. The 2.1 kb fragment was digested by BamHⅠ and HindⅢ, ligated into BamHⅠ/HindⅢ linearized pQE-30 plasmid(Qiagen Co.). pQE30/act-GS-OmpTS,an expression vector with the fusion fragment was then constructed. After transformed into E. coli M15 (pREP4) and induced with IPTG, pQE30/act-GS-OmpTS was hyper-expressed. To optimize the expression of the recombinant fusion protein, expression conditions ranging in salinity, pH value, IPTG concentration, induced time, induced temperature and medium type were tested. The optimal condition was proved to be pH7, 0?0.2% NaCl,LB,30℃and 0.2mmol/L IPTG for 3-5h. The recombinant fusion protein (Act-GS-OmpTS) exhibited a molecular weight of about 81.0 kDa in 12% SDS-PAGE, which was identical to what had been anticipated. Scanned by CS-950 spot scanning densitometer (SHIMADZU TM),the band of the recombinant fusion protein showed about 42% of total E. coli proteins. Western blot analysis shown that rabbit polyantibody to Act and OmpTS all reacted with Act-GS-OmpTS, which indicated the fusion protein may have similar epitopes to those of the natural proteins.


The accidental release of the hydrocarbons and the possibility of resulting explosion have to be taken into account while designing the topside systems of the offshore structures. Determination of design explosion loads for the topside structures is a complex task since it involves several sources of uncertainty. Dimensioning of blast loads is important in achieving the desired safety level against the structural failure and related consequences. The design loads must incorporate uncertainties due to variability in the ignition point location, the type of ignition source, the volume of the gas released and the characteristics of the gas cloud etc. These uncertainties which are not statistical in nature may not be categorised as random or probabilistic but are cognitive and fuzzy in nature. The probabilistic framework for structural analysis subjected to blast loads could be quite cumbersome due to high number of uncertain variables and complex interdependency. The uncertainty in the load and corresponding uncertainty in the structural response can either be predicted from variations in the uncertain load parameters — a sensitivity evaluation or through a compact "possibilistic analysis". The blast loads are usually defined as a triangular pulse through peak pressure, rise time and the blast pulse duration as the parameters. In the present investigation, the parameters in the triangular blast load description are assumed fuzzy. The peak pressure, rise time and blast pulse duration are defined using triangular fuzzy numbers. The possibilistic dynamic response of simple structural system — beam — used in the blast wall is obtained using single-degree of freedom approximation. It is shown that the possibilistic response provides rational decision making tool to arrive at desired safety level.Copyright © 2003 by ASME


Abstract The concept of algebraic hyperstructures introduced by Marty as a generalization of ordinary algebraic structures. In an ordinary algebraic structure, the composition of two elements is an element, while in an algebraic hyperstructure, the composition of two elements is a set. The concept of Γsemihyperrings is a generalization of semirings, a generalization of semihyperrings and a generalization of Γ-semirings. In this paper, we introduce an equivalence relation γ on a Γ-semihyperrings R and we show that it is strongly regular. Furthermore, R/γ, the set of all equivalence classes of this relation is a Γ/β-semiring. The relation γ is called the fundamental relation and the Γsemiring R/γ is called the fundamental semiring. Fundamental relations are the main tools in the study of Γ-semihyperrings. We present some results about fundamental relations and fundamental semirings. Finally, we show that there is a covariant functor between the category of Γ-semihyperrings and the category of semirings.


The time evolution effect of onset transition temperature to the superconducting state T c on , intraand intergranular hysteresis loss peak temperatures T m g and T m J is investigated for YBa 2 Cu 3 O, ceramics, irradiated by a 4 MeV electron beam with doses of 10 14 , 10 15 , 10 16 and 10 17 electrons/cm at T = 300 K and subsequently aged at the same temperature for about τ a = 400 days. It is shown that the recoveries of T c on and T m g occur for all considered doses and the same is true for T m J in samples irradiated with doses up to 10 16 electrons/cm 2 . However, for the sample irradiated with a dose of 10 17 electrons/cm 2 T m J decreases rapidly with increasing τ a and finally achieves some stable value, which is significantly far from the initial one. The observed results are interpreted in comparison with our previous results on aging phenomena.


Summary Reference works were present in the earliest libraries; and their numbers have grown inexorably ever since. They consume an increasing share of library acquisitions budgets. This article traces the evolution of reference collections, drawing on experiences at the author's library. The author concludes that while reference questions will always be with us; it is perhaps less certain that they will always be answered from "reference works" in collections labeled "reference."


In this essay [4], I will consider my activities through writing and with writing [5] as a case study [6] to expose the necessary coexistence of research and specific literary procedures [7]. I will do so by outlining a type of researchinto-writing/writing-into-research [8] that employs language as excess and material [9]—an approach generated by a number of reflections and writing gestures through the work of other writers and poets (Clarice Lispector [10], Bhanu Kapil [11], Alejandra Pizarnik [12] among others) and shaped by writing in English as a second language; writing as a stranger in a language [13]. I will also discuss my role as a writing tutor in an art school [14], along with the generative implications of teaching writing through poetry, "ultra-translation" (Antena), "trancelation" [15], and hybrid forms [16]. The essay will reflect on forms of embedded reflexivity enabled by listening, which become active motors and materials of research, rather than fixed tools of presentation [17].


After Analyzing the signification of structure and definition about dimension to aggregating operation,confirms that some dimension classes maybe produce analysis demands which are similar to dimension hierarchies,provides CDCDH method for conversion from dimension classes to dimension hierarchies.Gives definition on dimension class and dimension hierarchy,furthermore,gives definition on visible dimension hierarchy and hide dimension hierarchy.About hide dimension hierarchy which shows dimension class,confirms the condition and steps for conversion to visible dimension hierarchy.In the meantime,produces the realizing procedure about CDCDH method through a practical instance.


Traffic detection method based on artificial television surveillance has some shortcomings of low efficiency and real-time.So a traffic detection system based on video sequence was proposed.It used the DSP to process video signals after the collection and pretreatment.It detected video-based traffic parameters and traffic incident.Analysis results about traffic parameters and traffic incident were transmitted by TCP/IP network transport protocol to video analysis-identify terminal.It saved and displayed traffic parameters and traffic incident and video information in video analysis-identify terminal.It set the system parameters.While it could query,retrieve and manage the traffic parameters and traffic incident.The system achieved the traffic real-time detection,including of traffic flow,the speed of vehicle,dropping the object,pedestrian and vehicle breaking and so on.


A phenomenological hysteresis model for the magnetomechanical constitutive law in highly magnetostrictive materials is proposed. Magnetization and strain are represented using a set of noninteracting particles. Any change in magnetization or strain in individual particles is assumed to be obstructed by a counterforce analogous to mechanical dry friction. Comparisons have been made with experiments performed on Terfenol‐D under varying field and/or stress with satisfactory results.


Variable Frequency Drives (VFD) use pulse width modulation (PWM) to modulate current/voltage input to the motor, resulting in an electromagnetic torque with a rich harmonic spectrum. The electromagnetic torque harmonics may induce severe torsional vibrations in the driven mechanical train which may culminate in fatigue failure. This paper analyzes torsional vibrations in an open-loop VFD-induction-motor-driven compressor train installed at Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) and provides methods to reduce the vibrations. VFD Torsional, an in-house VFD-motor-mechanical system solver, is used to verify two experimental observations of the SwRI system; first, the presence of severe 38 Hz torsional vibrations during compressor operation; second, the use of closed-loop control over open-loop control to reduce the vibrations. The analysis establishes that in open-loop control of induction motors the amplitude and frequency of the electromagnetic torque harmonics depend on the damping and torsional natural frequency of the motor-mechanical system. Thus, the motor manufacturer's frequency and amplitude data for the electromagnetic torque harmonics may be insufficient for the vibration analysis and design of VFD-incorporated rotating machinery. Utilizing a coupled electrical-mechanical solver, which models both the motor and the gear-train, is a better approach in designing and analyzing VFD-incorporated rotating machinery.


We have used our three-dimensional chemical transport model (CTM) to calculate the expected reponse of stratospheric composition over the past 30 years to forcing by chlorine and bromine compounds, solar ultraviolet, and volcanic aerosols. The CTM uses off-line winds and temperatures fiom a 50-year run of the finite volume general circulation model (FVGCM). We compare the total column ozone and the ozone profile fiom the CTM output to a variety of data sources. These include a merged total ozone data set from TOMS and SBUV using the new version 8 algorithm. Total ozone fiom the CTM are compared to ground-station measurements of total ozone at specific locations. Ozone profiles are compared to satellite meausrements fiom SBUV, SAGE, and HALOE. Profiles are also compared to ozonesondes over several locations. The results of the comparisons are quantified by using a time-series statistical analysis to determine trends, solar cycle, and volcanic reponse in both the model and in the data. Initial results indicate that the model responds to forcings in a way that is similar to the observed atmospheric response. The model does seem to be more sensitive to the chlorine and bromine perturbation ihan is the data. Further details and comparisons wiii be discussed.


Glycosaminoglycans are structurally complex, linear polysaccharides. They show a hydrophilic effect and have the ability to bind water. In cosmetic preparations, they are obtained biotechnologically and appear in the form of hyaluronic acid, sodium hyaluronate and potassium hyaluronate. The aim of the study was to present the possibility of using glycosamidoglycans in cosmetology, trichology and aesthetic dermatology. These compounds are considered safe for topical application, they keep the skin in proper condition, support cell renewal, and increase the skin's resistance to harmful external factors. They also bring satisfactory results in terms of application in trichology. A number of studies show that they stimulate hair growth, reduce excessive flaking of the scalp, seborrhea and support the treatment of androgenetic alopecia.


Contents: Introduction Part 1 The Historiography of Greater Britain: Greater Britain: a useful category of historical analysis? Three concepts of Atlantic history The New World and British historical thought: from Richard Hakluyt to William Robertson. Part 2 Languages of Empire: Literature and empire The Cromwellian Protectorate and the languages of empire John Milton: poet against empire Empire and liberty: a republican dilemma. Part 3 Scotland, Ireland and Greater Britain: Making the empire British: Scotland in the Atlantic world 1542-1707 The political economy of Britain and Ireland after the Glorious Revolution The Scottish vision of empire: intellectual origins of the Darien venture. Part 4 The Rise and Fall of Greater Britain: A patriot for whom? The afterlives of Bolingbroke's patriot king The British conception of empire in the 18th century The American Revolution: the last war of religion? Index.


AIM
The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factor of gallstone occurrence after distal gastrectomy (DG) for gastric cancer.

METHODS
Relevant documents published from 2000 to 2016 were retrieved in PubMed, Web of Knowledge, and Ovid's database, and a metaanalysis was performed with RevMan 5.0 software for odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

RESULTS
Eight studies met the final inclusion criteria. From the pooled analyses, nonphysiological reconstruction (OR = 1.51; 95% CI = 1.10-2.08; P = 0.01) and vagus nerve resection (OR = 2.79; 95% CI = 1.57-4.96; P = 0.0005) were significantly associated with increased risk of gallstone after DG.

CONCLUSION
Our analysis indicated that digestive tract reconstruction and vagus nerve resection were strongly and consistently associated with gallstone formation after DG.


Agriculture is based on farmland and the complete rights of farmland guarantee the smooth operation of marketing mechanism.However,China's enough and stable food supply must be founded on limited farmland rights when China's national conditions are taken into consideration.This article analyzes the rationality and historical transition of our current farmland rights and explains this phenomenon in theory.


A short research project on the potential for using transport modes other than the car is described in this article. The study was sponsored by the Dutch Ministry of Transport and performed by the Institute for Social and Behavioral Studies (ITS) Nijmegen University. It is assumed in principle that certain types of journey can be made by modes of transport other than the car. This theory might provide the Dutch Ministry of Transport with a starting point from which to develop a masterplan for promoting selective car use. Car using households were selected to answer questions over the telephone. There were over 1,000 successful interviews. Households also kept a car use diary for one week. It emerged that substitution of the car by other transport modes is potentially rather high. People do not exclude an alternative choice, or do not heavily object, for 60% of their car trips. So, a policy which discourages car use has great potential. Even when taking into account an unwillingness to change travel mode, there are still 40% of car trips left for police intervention. A substantial number of car trips can be made by bicycle. Public transport and carpooling are lagging behind. However, when expressed in travel time or distance travelled, the importance of the three alternatives is the same. On balance, this indicates the importance of a three pronged policy: promotion of the bicycle, of public transport and of carpooling. Public transport (especially the bus) has to be considered as an alternative choice. This is related to the high number of trips within cities that can be made by this travel mode. The potential for rail travel cannot be neglected either. A substantial number of car users interviewed (25%), would only reduce car use if compelled to do so by severe policy measures. On the other hand, half of those interviewed said they would be prepared to reduce car use voluntarily.


This work proposes a model predictive control (MPC) strategy for pressure management and leakage reduction in a water distribution system (WDS). Unlike most of the reported models that mainly consider EPANET-based models, the proposed method considers its dynamic representation given by ordinary differential equations. The proposed MPC uses a pressure-reducing valve (PRV) as a control element to regulate the pressure in the WDS to track the demand. The control scheme proposes a strategy to manage the high nonlinearity of the PRV and takes into account the demand profile throughout the day as well as the leaks that occur in the pipeline. The estimates of magnitude and location of the leak are provided by an Extended Kalman Filter from previous work and with the aid of a rule-based set point manager reduces the fluid loss in the event of a leak. Different scenarios are studied to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control system, achieving an approximate reduction of up to 5% of water losses, demonstrating robustness in the case of uncertainty in the leak location estimate.


The leucocytes of human peripheral blood contain significant quantities of acid mucopolysaccharides. I n addition to a type of chondroitin sulfate, in certain instances hyaluronic acid has been detected (1, 2). The relative distribution of these acid mucopolysaccharides among the various leucocyte types as well as their subcellular localization is unknown. The cytoplasmic granules of the rabbit polymorphonuclear leucocyte are now recognized to be lysosomal elements containing hydrolytic enzymes and antibacterial factors (3, 4). Indirect evidence suggests the presence of acid substances in these organelles since they have an affinity for weak basic dyes. More recently, studies to demonstrate a sulfated mucopolysaccharide in the rabbit polymorphonuclear leucocyte granule by histochemical and autoradiographic methods have been performed (21). This report describes studies in which acid mucopolysaccharides from rabbit polymorphonuclear leucocytes and their granules have been isolated and characterized.


Abstract Two different levels of diversity within a colony were compared for the prevalence of pathogens and diseases. Lower genetic diversity was obtained in the colonies in which the queens were inseminated with semen collected from drones originating from a single colony, while greater was obtained in the colonies with queens inseminated with semen from drones of thirty different colonies. Bees were tested for Varroa destructor infestation, microsporidia Vairimorpha spp. infection, acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV) and deformed wing virus (DWV). Colonies with a greater genetic diversity of workers in colonies were more infested with Varroa mites than genetically uniform colonies. Varroa infestation was not found to be associated directly with the weakening of bee colonies after winter. The two experimental groups had a similar number of colonies infected with Vairimorpha, and viruses. Intensity of Varroa infestation and Vairimorpha infection did not significantly affect the overwintering of bee colonies. Colonies in which DWV was detected significantly weakened during overwintering.


This paper is aimed at addressing two fundamental issues relating to Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Social Entrepreneurship (SE). First is the issue of lack of conceptual clarity of the two terms. Second is the issue of strategic relevance. Towards this end, the first part of this paper aims to sketch out an operational definition and disciplinary boundaries for each of these two concepts. The second part of the paper is devoted to a discussion of how CSR and SE could be relevant for establishing a competitive advantage in times of financial hardship. Directions for future research are presented.


Previous studies about the implementation of Total Productivity Management (TPM) in Colombia have shown that this philosophy makes a competitive company stand out internationally, and even makes the difference between survival and death for many of them. Several years after these findings, it is necessary to verify if TPM is still having a leading role, or if it has been discarded or replaced by other strategies or techniques. This article shows the main findings and up-to-date case studies about the implementation of Total Productivity Management in Colombia, which were found in research projects at Universidad EAFIT from 2003 until today. The questions addressed in this paper are: Was TPM established in Colombian companies as a current administration and management trend? What are the main obstacles in the implementation of TPM? Which strategies are followed to overcome these obstacles?


Christian Smith and Patricia Snell provide a compelling and in-depth account of the religious and spiritual lives of emerging adults in their recent book, Souls in Transition. Based on three waves of telephone survey and personal interview data collected from more than 3,500 individuals between the years 2002 and 2008 as part of the National Study of Youth and Religion (NSYR), Souls in Transition follows the religious trajectories of youth whose experiences, beliefs, and practices were first chronicled in Smith and Denton's book, Soul Searching: The Religious and Spiritual Lives of American Teenagers. Souls in Transition reveals what becomes of teenagers (13–17 year-olds) as they transition to early adulthood (defined as 18–23 years of age), particularly in terms of the religious changes and continuities evident in their lives and the factors that shape patterns of religious commitment. The book begins with an introduction that identifies the study's purposes, articulates the meaning of ''emerging adulthood'' and the social transformations that have brought about this particular life phase, and provides an overview of subsequent chapters. Chapter 1 sets the stage for the themes developed throughout the book by presenting the stories of three emerging adults who are in the midst of traversing very distinct religious paths. The chapter effectively engages the reader by giving voice to study participants—two of whom reflect different approaches to Evangelical Christianity and one of whom is non-religious—and illuminating some of the core features of emerging adults' religious narratives. In chapter 2, the authors establish a multifaceted contextual backdrop for understanding the cultural worlds navigated by emerging adults. Based on personal interviews with 230 individuals, the myriad themes delineated in this chapter underscore the transitions, hardships, subjective morality, individualism, cultural


Abstract: Due to its widespread occurrence, ease of availability, and dependability, ground water has recently become a significant source of water in India for the household, industrial, and agricultural sectors. Due to the lack of recharging options, this trait had led to its uncontrolled abuse in some regions of the nation. This has caused significant ground water table loss in some locations, raising questions about long-term sustainability. Utilizing GIS is necessary for the development of the scarce ground water resources.


The prospective plans for designing electronic collections of rare books at the RAS Library for Natural Sciences are discussed. The efforts of designing a full-text electronic library and an electronic catalog of rare books at the RAS Library for Natural Sciences are described. The value of rare scientific books in the present world is substantiated. Several options for designing electronic collections of rare books are suggested.


This article presents a review of the literature on the uses and potential
uses of HRIS from administrative to strategic purposes. It focuses on the fact that
these systems are largely restricted to administrative use and this is exemplified
through two case studies.
Keywords: Human resource information systems, human resource management


The invention provides an air shield type sediment ejection gate. The air shield type sediment ejection gate comprises one or more sediment ejection ports and gate baffles, wherein the sediment ejection ports are formed in a dam concrete foundation, and one gate baffle is arranged in each sediment ejection port. The air shield type sediment ejection gate is characterized by further comprising air bags, the air bags are arranged on the other sides of water facing surfaces of the gate baffles, one ends of the gate baffles and the air bags are anchored on the same inner walls of the sediment ejection ports, the height of the gate baffles is larger than the height of the sediment ejection ports, and the width of the gate baffles is the same as the width of the sediment ejection ports. Compared with the prior art, the swing type lifting air shield type sediment ejection gate has the advantages that accumulated silt can not generate attached friction on a gate board.


The successful development and optimization of fusion power sources will depend largely upon learning more about plasma turbulence and its relation to transport. Gaining a greater knowledge of plasma-edge turbulence is key, as the transport of particles near the plasma's edge has a profound effect on global plasma confinement. It is in this region that the boundary values for plasma temperature and density are established, values from which internal gradients are subsequently determined. Unfortunately, theories often fail to predict transport under turbulent conditions. Researchers have now begun to utilize high-performance intensified CCD (ICCD) cameras for innovative studies designed to evaluate the potential of using planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF), an optical diagnostic technique, for the experimental visualization of plasma-edge turbulence. It is hoped that data acquired via PLIF imaging will lead to improved turbulence-transport models. This note discusses the recent work of Fred M. Levinton (Nova Photonics, Inc., Princeton, NJ) and Fedor Trintchouk (Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ).