Considering the on-line acquisition of environmental information during the detection for the inner wall of the pipes in the nuclear industry,a compact obstacle-crossing system is developed on the frame of three tracked robot.The system consists of control module and robot.Using dsPIC groups as core,it is realized that the stable wireless communication,cooperation of motors and real-time acquisition of video information,a friendly user interface is designed.Furthermore,the algorithms for obstacle-crossing plan and the stability analysis are also developed.The robot is tested by experiments,such as climbing stair and avoiding obstacle,to be good with obstacle crossing.


1Nurse. Graduated from Fundação de Ensino Otávio Bastos. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com 2Nurse. Master in Health Sciences from Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Professor in the Graduate Program in Nursing at Fundação de Ensino Otávio Bastos. E-mail: email@example.com 3Nurse. Master in Health Sciences from UNICAMP. Nurse at the Nursing School of UNICAMP. E-mail. firstname.lastname@example.com 4Nurse. Doctor in Health Sciences from Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Professor in the Nursing School at UNICAMP. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Avenida José Puccinelli, 10, Rua 6, casa 92. Cascata. CEP 13146-000. Paulínia, SP, Brasil. Telefones: (19) 3244-8044 / (19) 98118-1196. *Bachelor's thesis for the Undergraduate Program in Nursing, presented to Fundação de Ensino Otávio Bastos, in São João da Boa Vista, in 2013. Received: 11 Feb. 2015. Accepted: 24 Apr. 2015 DOI: 10.5327/Z1414-4425201500020003 ABSTRACT: Objective: To evaluate the number of instruments in surgical boxes, which are not used during a surgery in a hospital in the state of São Paulo. Method: Data collection resulted from the direct observation of the instruments used in surgery, recording the actual number of instruments in the box, the number of instruments used in surgery, and the number of unused ones. Results: On an average, about 52% of existing materials in surgical boxes are not used, generating high costs for the institution. Calculating the losses, we obtained an average worth US$ 2.90 (R$ 8.00) per surgical box used, mounting up to the value of U$ 566 (R$ 1,584.17) per month. Conclusions: We conclude that there is a waste of materials, which are sterilized and not used in surgical procedures, directly reflecting the quality and the cost management of the sterilized material center.


Aims Aboveground biomass production commonly increases with species richness in plant biodiversity experiments. Little is known about the direct mechanisms that cause this result. We tested if by occupying different heights and depths above and below ground, and by optimizing the vertical distribution of leaf nitrogen, species in mixtures can contribute to increased resource uptake and, thus, increased productivity of the community in comparison with monocultures. Methods We grew 24 grassland plant species, grouped into four nonoverlapping species pools, in monoculture and 3- and 6-species mixture in spatially heterogeneous and uniform soil nutrient conditions. Layered harvests of above- and belowground biomass, as well as leaf nitrogen and light measurements, were taken to assess vertical canopy and root space structure.


Based on the studies of the GaAs photocathode, the surface model of the Ga0.37Al0.63As photocathode is investigated and the energy distributions of electrons reaching the surface charge region, reaching the surface and emitting into vacuum are calculated. The (Cs, O) adsorption and photoemission characteristics of the Ga0.37Al0.63As photocathode are studied according to the experiments. We use the quantum efficiency formula to fit the experimental curve, and obtain the performance parameters of the photocathode and the surface barrier parameters. The results show that the surface barrier of the Ga0.37Al0.63As photocathode is similar to that of the GaAs photocathode. The prepared reflection-mode Ga0.37Al0.63As photocathode responds to the blue-green light, while the transmission-mode Ga0.37Al0.63As photocathode is sensitive to the 532 nm light.


The University Timetable Problem (UTP) is a typical NP-hard problem. Using the layered method, the common combined programming model of five dimensions was decompounded into two three-dimensional combinations, cutting down the problem scale. Then in view of the disadvantages of the traditional genetic algorithm for UTP, the diploid code was put forward and alternate evolution was used to optimize multi-targets one by one. Experimental results show that the method realizes the pattern theorem and quickens the evolving velocity.


In contrast to the non-relativistic Schrodinger equation, there is no true two-body formulation using the relativistic Dirac equation for the case of a hydrogenlike atom. Instead, the relativistic Dirac equation treats the atom as a single particle in a Coulomb field asserted by a static nucleus of infinite mass located at its core, which fails to take into account the nuclear mass and recoil. A new simple and elegant approach is presented that allows for the formulation of a true two-body relativistic equation, as well as for the reduction of the formula into an equivalent one-body equation with a readily known solution.


In order to investigate the effect of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome(PRRS) on microcirculation of porcine auricle,5 masculine and 5 negative weaned piglets were chose for PRRSV antigen detection,which were observed by microcirculation microscope to study porcine auricle morphological feature,blood capillary diameter,skin temperature and temperature change.The results showed that PRRS could obviously shrink porcine auricle blood capillary diameter(P0.01),slow down blood stream and close some blood capillary.There were numerous hematid exudation and inflammatory cell soakage by surrounding vessel wall,it was obviously decreased on skin temperature(P0.01),so preliminary judged PRRS porcine auricle arise microcirculation disturbance.


This paper introduces the RGB Arabic Alphabet Sign Language (AASL) dataset. AASL comprises 7,856 raw and fully labelled RGB images of the Arabic sign language alphabets, which to our best knowledge is the first publicly available RGB dataset. The dataset is aimed to help those interested in developing real-life Arabic sign language classification models. AASL was collected from more than 200 participants and with different settings such as lighting, background, image orientation, image size, and image resolution. Experts in the field supervised, validated and filtered the collected images to ensure a high-quality dataset. AASL is made available to the public on Kaggle.


The role of a mother alone is very challenging. With an additional role as a student or a worker add more burden to them. It is undeniable that Malaysian women in the 21st century has more roles than women in the pre-independent era. Nowadays, women have equal opportunities to work and pursue higher education like men. The need to provide quality life to the children has also encouraged women to contribute more in the family income. Despite the multiple roles play by women, the household tasks are still managed by them. For this phenomenological research, in-depth interviews were conducted with two participants who studied in public university in Malaysia. By using thematic analysis, four themes were emerged from this study. The themes were challenges, role management, assistance/support and coping strategies. In this study, the major challenge was to balance the role of mother and student. But whatever challenges they faced; family was their priority. Furthermore, spousal support also helped the mothers in managing their multiple roles. From the findings, it is hoped that it gives some insights on the type of support that student mother needs and ways of coping in challenging situation.


This two year master thesis examines the Swedish prison library's history during cell prison era.The investigation extends from the mid-1800s well into the 1900s. The purpose is to investigate thep ...


A review of Marcus Rediker's The Amistad Rebellion: An Atlantic Odyssey of Slavery and Freedom, a detailed account of the successful insurrection aboard a slave ship in 1839, the subsequent trials, and the eventual repatriation to Sierra Leone of the insurrectionists in 1842.


Review(s) of: Big fella all same judge: A history of the supreme court of the northern territory, by Dean Mildren, The Federation Press, 2011.


It is generally believed that the external noise added to speech signal corrupts speech spectrum and so speech features. This feature corruption degrades speech recognition systems performance. One solution to cope with the speech feature corruption is reducing the noise effects on the speech spectrum. In this paper, we propose to filter speech spectrum in order to enhance its spectral peaks in presence of noise. Then, we extract robust features from the spectrum with enhanced peaks. In addition, we apply the proposed filtering to another form of speech spectral representation known as modified group delay function (GDF). Phoneme and word recognition results show that MFCC features extracted from the spectrum with enhanced peaks are more robust to noise than MFCC derived from main noisy spectrum. In addition, MFCC features extracted from filtered GDF are more robust to noise than other MFCC features, especially in low SNR values.


Union members, including those from the RCN, Royal College of Midwives and Unison, recently voted to accept the government's offer of a 1 per cent pay rise for NHS staff in 2015/16. After the wilderness years of no pay increase, a 1 per cent rise feels like a victory, but it is a hollow one. Remember that this is the pay rise recommended by the NHS Pay Review Body (RB) for all NHS staff for 2014/15, which health secretary Jeremy Hunt refused to implement. Never has the health service so desperately needed to retain its staff; the pressures are unrelenting and crisis follows crisis. Yet the very people the services depend on are The greatest resource the NHS has for providing high quality patient care is its staff, yet the government seems intent on continuously attacking public sector pay. If we had rejected this offer, I doubt there would have been another one. Demoralised staff do not make good workers, and health unions should have fought harder for a better pay deal, including a promise from the government not to abolish our yearly increments and unsocial hours payments and to protect our pensions. Jane Scullion is a respiratory nurse consultant at Glenfi eld Hospital in Leicester @JaneScullion


In molecular biology studies of Anura, nondestructive methods to obtain genetic material are needed as alternatives to toe clipping. This work evaluates a nondestructive method for sampling DNA from blood puncture, comparing the performance of three different extraction protocols (Qiagen Kit, Salting‐out and Chelex). We collected 134 individuals of Eleutherodactylus johnstonei, extracting blood via puncture of the medial vein using commercial‐grade glucometer lancets. We extracted 100–1880 ng DNA, finding no differences between the extraction protocols. We compared the quality of the resulting DNA through amplification and sequencing of the 16S mitochondrial gene. Amplification was successful for the three extraction protocols, although Chelex showed better performance, making it the most recommendable protocol for extraction of DNA from blood. The resulting sequences corresponded to those registered in the GenBank for this species. Additionally, we found no significant differences in survival or weight change between the individuals that were manipulated and a control group (mean survival 66.7% treated, 62.9% untreated). Data reveal that blood samples obtained by puncture are a convenient alternative to other tissues (phalange, buccal swab, liver) that have traditionally been used as DNA sources for anurans. The technique is applicable to small and large species, covering most anuran diversity, provides enough DNA for many genetic applications and produces no noticeable effect on the survival or performance, given that it does not affect the motor parts or the dexterity of the animals.


This thesis contains the following subjects: - Several shortest path algorithms, both label-setting and label-correcting; - Unidirectional and bidirectional methods; - A* algorithms; - Symmetric and balanced estimators; - Preprocessing techniques. This thesis contains an elaborate, comparative evaluation of the various methods described. Bidirectional A* algorithms are commonly based on balanced heuristic estimators, since such estimators can easily be embedded in a bidirectional variant of Dijkstra's algorithm. In this thesis a check is provided, such that symmetric estimators can compete with balanced estimators. If these estimators are based on Euclidean distances, the work can be divided over the forward and backward searches with the use of scalar projections. This way, symmetric estimators are even prefered over balanced estimators. A well-known preprocessing technique includes the use of landmarks. If the estimators are based on landmarks, a balanced approach turns out to be faster than a symmetric approach. In this thesis, an initial step is proposed in a unidirectional A*-algorithm, which uses a landmark-based estimator, in order to decrease the running time of that algorithm. For one of the preprocessing techniques described, unidirectional methods are preferred over bidirectional methods. It is that particular preprocessing technique where the proposed initial step will prove an additional value.


The objective of the research is to investigate the significant mediating role of Quality of Work Life (QWL) in the relationship between Spiritual Leadership (SL) and the Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) at Teaching Hospitals in Egypt. The research community consists of all employees at Teaching Hospitals in Egypt. Due to time and cost constraints, the researcher relied on the sampling method to collect data for the study. The appropriate statistical methods were used to analyze the data and test the hypotheses. The research has reached a number of results; the most important of which are (1) there is a statistically significant relationship between SL (vision, hope / faith, altruism love, the meaning/significance of work, membership, organizational commitment and productivity) and QWL. The multiple regression model showed that there is an impact of SL on QWL; (2) there is a statistically significant relationship between SL and OCB. The multi regression model showed that SL influences OCB. (3) There is a statistically significant relationship between QWL (wage justice, hospital working conditions, promotion opportunities, adherence to hospital principles, hospital staff development, hospital integration, college, and social responsibility) and OCB. The multiple regression model showed that there is an impact of QWL on OCB and (4) QWL plays the mediating variable between SL and OCB at Teaching Hospitals in Egypt. The study referred to a number of recommendations; the most important of which are (1) re-studying and structuring of the system of wages in the hospital, (2) increasing rewards in the hospital in order to meet the low wages and be commensurate with the individual effort in the hospital, (3) providing a safe and healthy work environment for all employees in different educational hospitals, (4) showing concern for achieving the welfare of hospital staff and improving the quality of the career in terms of providing promotion opportunities and being objective in accordance with specific standards and controls, (5) initiating activation of training programs but not to specific categories, (6) promoting involvement of hospital staff in the decision-making process, in view of the nature and sensitivity of work in the hospital, which concerns the lives of citizens, (6) activating complaints and suggestions box in the hospital in a way that helps employees to express their opinions and suggestions, (7) abiding by the principles and rules governing the nature of work in the hospital for all individuals, (8) development and utilization of human capacities in the hospital, (9) highlighting the importance of achieving social integration in the hospital, (10) emphasizing the absence of a negative impact on the work life on the total life area of the personnel working in the hospital, (11) emphasizing the social responsibility of the hospital by improving the mental image of the hospital members of the community, (12) paying more attention to the staff by officials in the hospital, through the identification of their wishes and needs and trying to realize them commensurate with their objectives in order to improve the process of organizational identification


Abstract A variety of new 3-(1-haloalkyl)oxaziridines was synthesized by oxidation of α-chloro-, α-bromo-, α,α-dichloro-, α,α-dibromo- and α,α,α-trichloroaldimines with meta-chloroperbenzoic acid. Attempts to induce dehydrohalogenation into the elusive methyleneoxaziridines were unsuccessful. However, presumptive evidence is presented that 2-t-butyl-3-(trichloromethyl)oxaziridine is dehydrochlorinated into a transient methyleneoxaziridine, which underwent valence isomerization into an intermediate iminooxirane, the latter being fragmented into t-butyl isocyanide. Various types of reactions of the title compounds are reported. Among others, 2-alkyl-3-(1-chloro-1-methyl)ethyloxaziridines rearranged with methyllithium into 2-(N-alkyl)aminoisobutyraldehydes.


A set of Ce-MCM-41 adsorbents with different Ce/Si ratios were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis and their performances for model gasoline desulfurization were observed at room temperature under atmospheric pressure.It was found that the Ce-MCM-41 with a Ce/Si molar ratio of 0.02 had the highest adsorption capacity(1.53mmol thiophene per gram of adsorbent).The adsorbents still had well selective adsorption in the presence of toluene.The optimized ratio of adsorbent to model gasoline was 0.029 for thiophene adsorption on Ce-MCM-41,and the adsorption could reach equilibrium in 2 hours at room temperature under atmospheric pressure.The adsorbents were characterized by XRD and FT-IR.It revealed that the Ce-MCM-41 had MCM-41-type well-ordered pore structure.Introducing ultrasonic during the synthesis of Ce-MCM-41 brought better structural properties and higher desulfurization capacity,and introducing Cu+ ions in the synthesis of Ce-MCM-41 also made the adsorption capacity increase.The adsorption capacity of the Cu-Ce-MCM-41 with a Cu/Si molar ratio of 0.02 and Ce/Si molar ratio of 0.01,prepared by using ultrasonic,could be up to 7.98 mmol thiophene per gram of adsorbent,and it could be regenerated and reused.


This paper addresses the question of φ -feature marking in Basque. Basque finite verbs display an uncommonly large number of morphemes which covary with the φ -features of the absolutive, ergative, and dative arguments as well as (in some dialects) the gender of the addressee. Recent work (Preminger 2009; Arregi & Nevins 2012) has addressed the question of how these morphemes are derived. In taking up this question, I conclude that there is a full complement of clitics (absolutive, dative, ergative, addressee), as well as an agreement probe which spells out the number of the absolutive.


(57) Abstract: Step pre collecting retinal vessel image of the animal of interest; determining whether sufficient to add an image further analysis; image is the step of digitizing this if a digital image step storing image; step of analyzing the image for a series of steps including a step of analyzing the image for and unique anatomical landmarks, permanent record of the animal is created. The obtained images and data can be stored in a database for comparison with the search and another image after. Data obtained from the image in order to determine the animal's identity can be compared with other data stored in the database. System not only put a stamp of the collected time and date in the image, the stamp of the point where the image was taken at the same time take into images by recording the latitude and longitude of the location, global positioning system ( "GPS") it is preferred that the apparatus also includes.


Gravitational flows, such as snow avalanches, are often modeled employing the shallowness assumption. The driving gravitational force has a first order effect on the dynamics of the flow, especially in complex terrain. Under suitable conditions, erosion and deposition during passage of the flow may change the bed surface by a similar amount as the flow depth itself. The accompanying changes of local slope angle and curvature are particularly significant at the side margins of the flow, where they may induce self-channeling and levée formation. Generally, one ought to expect visible effects wherever the flow depth and velocity are small, e.g., in deposition zones.


Sixty years ago, in The New Men of Power, C. Wright Mills made a perceptive observation about the troubled relationship between labor leaders and radical intellectuals during an era of Cold War militarism and conservative advance. Wrote Mills: To have an American labor movement capable of carrying out the program of the left, making allies among the middle class, and moving upstream against the main drift, there must be a rank and file of vigorous workers, a brace of labor intellectuals, and a set of politically alert labor leaders. There must be the power and the intellect.


Manufacturing high-profit goods in the information and technology age requires solid foundations in basic sciences. However, despite their interests and high success, basic sciences often fail to attract university candidates due to the perceived job insecurity after graduation. To challenge this notion, the current study aimed to examine biology graduates' profiles and career life. As a survey study, an online questionnaire was administered to 56 graduates of the biological sciences department. The findings showed that almost all graduates chose biology due to their interest in the first place. The majority thought that their undergraduate education prepared them effectively for their future career, and they acquired 21st-century skills adequately, except for entrepreneurship skills. They found a job related to their major in one to two years. They were primarily employed in universities and got academic positions. They were satisfied with their jobs. The study concluded that higher education attains its aim to match passionate people in line with their interests; however, it still needs to update curricula considering current knowledge, skills, and competencies. The implications may encourage university candidates to follow their passion in pursuing a career in basic sciences, particularly in Biology.


Abstract This paper presents a six-band metamaterial absorber (MMA). It has a three-layer structure: metal-FR-4-metal. The simulation results demonstrate that there are six distinct absorption peaks at 8.94, 16.47, 19.35, 23.61, 27.03 and 27.42 GHz and absorption rates are 99.68%, 99.52%, 99.46%, 99.92%, 99.89% and 96.22%, respectively. Through the analysis of the effects of structure parameters, then optimized them. Then the electric field and surface current distribution has been studied under the normal incident of TE and TM waves. The simulation results illustrate that it is polarization-insensitive and has simple structure and high absorption rate, so it can be applied in electromagnetic stealth, bolometers, sensor and so on.


We examine the consequence of legislative competition on the long-term impact of growth on three‐dimensional poverty in a panel of 32 sub‐Saharan African countries. A measure of this poverty is constructed from the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)'s Human Development Index (HDI). Legislative competition is considered as inversely proportional to the proportion of parliamentary seats occupied by the major political party. From the results, one success story emerges—Ethiopia, where growth reduces poverty thanks to virtuous legislative democracy—and one failure story emerges—Republic of Congo, where growth increases poverty because of vicious legislative competition. Copyright (C) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


In this paper the authors study some oceanographic conditions in the Caribbean red snapper fishing areas off the Northeast Brazil, and try to establish correlations between each condition and the catch.


This paper presents a multi-material design for a lightweight swing arm of a McPherson suspension. Starting from a stamped steel lower control arm (LCA) of a C-segment vehicle a hybrid arm made of a metal core and two Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics covers has been hand sketched, Computer Aided Design designed, and Finite Element Method tested. To fully exploit hybridization potential, it has developed a specific methodology which combines the topological optimization of the metal core, and the 3-phase optimization of the composite covers. Also, an innovative viscoelastic material has been included in the laminates to enhance the damping properties of the arm and a Frequency Response Function analysis has been performed. The results in terms of mass, stiffness and stress distribution have been compared with the original stamped steel LCA and with another hybrid LCA design. The final comparison has shown that with the redesign approach it has been possible to reduce the mass to a greater extent without affecting stiffness performance and stress distribution.


Interpopulation variation of the C-banded karyotypes in Rana ishikawae (STEJNEGER) from Okinawa-jima and Amami-oshima in the Ryukyu Islands. Takeshi SETO*, Taeko UTSUNOMIYA** and Yasuaki UTSUNOMIYA** ABSTRACT: The C-banded karyotype of Rana ishikawae, endemic to two of the Ryukyu Islands, Okinawa-jima and Amami-oshima, was analyzed. The karyotypes (2n=26) of the Okinawa and the Amami populations were almost identical when analyzed by the conventional Giemsa stain and there was no significant difference between each corresponding chromosome pair. However, a minor, but significant difference was detected in the presence of a specific C-band on the long arm of No. 9 chromosomes of the Okinawa population. The Amami population consistently lacked this band. The presence of an inter-island variation of Cbanded karyotypes suggests that the genotypical divergence has occurred during the geographic isolation in the geologic age between the population from Amami and Okinawa.


Objective To discuss the measures taken to reduce drug repercussion and to improve the management of outpatient dispensary.Methods Reasons for drug repercussion were analyzed from January 2008 to December 2008.Results A total of 72 856 prescriptions in 2008 were analyzed.Drug repercussion prescription accounted for 179(0.25%).Conclusion We should standardize drug repercussion program,strengthen drug repercussion administration,and reduce repercussion to ensure safe drug use.


We fabricated ultra-thin MgB2 films by hybrid physical-chemical vapor deposition. The effect of H2 flow rate ranging from 200~400sccm on the fabrication of the film was observed,with the same flow rate of B2H6 and unified pressure for regulated time. The statistics show that the increase of H2 flow rate will increase the mean roughness of the film and enhance the connection between island-crystals therefore enlarger the mean size of island-crystals on the surface. An increase of Tc depending on the H2 flow rate was also observed. The ultra-thin films with the thickness of 10nm deposited in a H2 flow rate of 200sccm obtained Tc of 26K,while a H2 flow rate of 300sccm obtained Tc of 33K. Meanwhile,Tc of 15nm ultra-thin films changed from 28K to 37K when H2 flow rate changed as above.


Background: Burn injuries and their complications are still considered major threats to society's health standards. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological profile, outcome, and factors associated with children's burn injuries in Shahroud (northeastern Iran). Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed over a three-year period (2013–2015) on children 12 years and under who were admitted to Imam Hossein Hospital in Shahroud with burn injuries. In this study, we reviewed medical records of hospitalized burn patients, and an analysis was performed using SPSS software. Results: Of the 195 patients, 111 cases (56.9%) were male and the rest were female. The mean age was 6.34 ± 5.32 years (0–12 years). The highest proportion of burn injuries were in the 5- to 8-year-old group (47.2%), and the most common environment in which burn injuries occurred was the home (72.3%). The most common cause of burns was a hot liquid (56.9%). The mean TBSA was 20.11 ± 10.5% and the mean LHS was 9.81 ± 3.85 days. The most frequent burn areas were the upper limbs (46.6%), and second-degree burns were the most common type (48.2%). The mortality rate was 10.8%. Conclusions: The results of this study show that burn injuries in the pediatric population most commonly occur at home from a hot liquid, resulting in second-degree burns on upper-limb areas. So a large percentage of them are preventable with a little attention.


China has a well-established history of non-intervention when it comes to its foreign policy, one that this paper argues is similar to that of the international organization regime that was established after World War II. China's non-intervention is often a source of criticism, suggesting it allows China to reap the economic benefits of doing business with autocratic regimes and local warlords while ignoring political and human rights abuses. At the same time, the policy is one that has established important relations with numerous governments since the 1940s and must not be considered as significantly different from recognition of state sovereignty that has defined the international organization regime since the end of World War II. This essay argues that China's non-intervention policy is similar to the recognition of national sovereignty promoted by the international organization regime since 1945. Further, I argue that we need to revisit the concept of non-intervention itself as China continues to invest heavily in economic sectors that are changing the political and economic landscape of Rwanda and the DRC, albeit in different ways. This essay explores whether or not Chinese interests will be able to remain removed from the politics of the Great Lakes countries as they continue to cultivate relations with the ruling regimes of the region.


Power unit is a multivariable, strong couple and long time delay complexity nonlinear system. It is difficult to set up the exactly mathematic model and it is a challenge for the design of the power unit control system. This paper proposes a power unit fuzzy control system based on genetic algorithm. The genetic algorithm optimizes the scale gain of the membership function of the fuzzy controller. The optimal fuzzy controller complement the error between the actually value and the setpoint value well under load disturbing. The simulation results show that it has good dynamic characteristic and suitable for wide range load tracking.


The (homogeneous) Essentially Isolated Determinantal Variety is the natural generalization of generic determinantal variety, and is fundamental example to study non-isolated singularities. In this paper we study the characteristic classes on these varieties. We give explicit formulas of their Chern-Schwartz-MacPherson classes via standard Schubert calculus. As corollaries we obtain formulas for their (generic) sectional Euler characteristics, characteristic cycles and polar classes. In particular, when such variety is a hypersurfaces we compute its Milnor class and the Euler characteristics of the local Milnor fibers. We prove that for such recursive group orbit hypersurfaces the local Euler obstructions completely determine the Milnor classes.
In general for reflective group orbits, on the other hand we propose an algorithm to compute their local Euler obstructions via the Chern-Schwartz-MacPherson classes of the orbits, which can be obtained directly from representation theory. This builds a bridge from representation theory of the group action to the singularity theory of the induced orbits.


In this paper perceptions of inadequate infection control procedures were associated with elevated levels of anxiety symptoms. Educators, school administrators and policy makers should work collaboratively to design school environments that address perceptions of unmet infection control practices, focusing on physical distancing between educators and students and allowing greater compliance with student masking and cohorting. Objective The aim of this study was to examine the association between the perceived adequacy of infection control practices (ICPs) and symptoms of anxiety among educators in Ontario, Canada. Methods Data from 4947 educators were collected in December 2020. Modified Poisson models assessed the association between adequacy of ICPs and moderate or severe anxiety symptoms, adjusting for a range of covariates. Results Approximately 60% of respondents reported moderate or severe anxiety symptoms. Two-thirds (66.5%) of the sample had less than half of their ICP needs met. Respondents with less than half their ICP needs met were more than three times more likely to have moderate or severe anxiety, compared with respondents with their ICP needs met. Conclusion Findings highlight the importance of adequate administrative and engineering controls in schools, not only to minimize risk of infection, but also for educator's mental health.


Physical intermediary firms, such as logistics firms, are the foundation of marketplace platform ecosystems. This study introduces the case of a delivery crisis caused by the withdrawal of major logistics firms from the Japanese marketplace platform. To address such a problem, this study considers the application of an "ecosystem strategy". We define an ecosystem strategy in this situation, as "the strategy by which the platform owner cooperates with logistics firms to standardize logistics services and provides a platform system to improve cooperation among them". We constructed an agent-based simulation system customized by a dataset of Japanese platform-based markets to test the effectiveness of the proposed strategy. The results indicate that the introduction of the ecosystem strategy postponed the start of the collapse. It also increased the number of platform users by roughly 1.10 times and increased the total profits of logistics firms about 1.22 times. Additionally, it removed the trade-off relationship between platform users and the profits of logistics firms and allowed the maximization of both. This study contributed to the research stream of platform ecosystems by defining an ecosystem strategy, including physical intermediary firms, and verifying the effectiveness of the strategy for ecosystem evolution and sustainability.


This paper discusses the theory of the formation of Yan′an History Party newspaper;lack of theoretical innovation proposed party newspaper,the news damaged the party newspaper features,leading to decline in influence,the crisis facing the marginalized.In the new media environment,the party newspaper should address the problems and promote theoretical innovation,the news feature,the formation of real vitality,the party organ for the development needs of the times.


The paper presents the results of the tests carried out to validate a new method for evaluating the uncertainty of coordinate measurements categorised as the Sensitivity Analysis (SA). This method concerns measuring dimensions and geometrical deviations. Measurement uncertainty is evaluated on the basis of information given in the Maximum Permissible Error (MPE) formula for a Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM). Measurement models express the measured characteristics as a function of differences of coordinates of a small number of appropriately selected points of the workpiece. If reverification test results for the CMM used are available, then the estimated uncertainty takes into account the actual accuracy of the CMM. General formulae are given to calculate the uncertainty of measurement of a circle diameter and coaxiality. The relevant experiment is based on ISO 15530-3 recommendations. A calibrated cylindrical square was used for validation. 17 circles' diameters and 84 different combinations of datum length and distance of the toleranced element from the datum for measuring coaxiality were adopted as validated characteristics. The validation results are presented in tables and graphs and the chi-square test for equality of variances was used to confirm that the method is correct. The validation results are positive.


I am pleased to be here today and thank you very much for the invitation. The focus of this conference is risk management, which I think is an excellent discussion topic for bankers, regardless of their institution's size. In fact, I am quite pleased to see more and more conferences devoted exclusively to risk management, analyzing its different facets and exploring ways to tailor it to specific institutions and situations. There is growing understanding that good risk management can be an integral part of running any type of business.


The aim of the present study is to examine the Levels of Adjustment among Adolescents selected from Gulbarga. The Sample consists of 400 (200 Male and 200 Female). The sample was administered with Prolonged Deprivation Scale (PDS), Academic Stress Scale and Bells Adjustment Inventory. And the data were subjected the t-test. The results revealed that (a) there is significant difference in adjustment between high and low levels of deprivation (b)Low academic stress group has higher adjustment and (c) there is a significant sex difference in the levels of adjustment of the sample subgroups.


Title: Healthy shopper? Blood pressure testing in a shopping centre Pop-Up in England Authors: Laura Edwards (firstname.lastname@example.com) Peter Campbell (firstname.lastname@example.com) Deanna Taylor (email@example.com) Rakhee Shah (firstname.lastname@example.com) David Edgar (email@example.com) David Crabb (email@example.com) Version: 1 Date: 03 Oct 2018 Author's response to reviews: Edwards et al. BMC Public Health – Manuscript ID PUBH-D-18-02009 "Healthy shopper? Blood pressure testing in a shopping centre Pop-Up in England" Response to Reviewers (in red)


Using the method of literature survey,this paper analyzed the questions including the on-low-side degree of PE supervisors,the shortage of scientific research item,the incorrect attitude toward work,the weak sense of responsibility,the unreasonable structure of knowledge,the bad comprehensive quality and the insufficient quantity of supervisors etc.In order to promote the reform and quality of postgraduate education into a higher level,this paper proposed some positive countermeasures and recommendations as well.


The primary objective of this project is to develop a physical education curriculum guide for the freshman class of the Upland Unified School District. The curriculum guide developed for this Master's project is a result of a review of current literature, new state guidelines, school site administrative considerations, fellow educator's suggestions, school district administrative input, and the author's own concern regarding the importance of a physical education program in the school system. This guide is written so that the physical educators at Upland High School will have a base on which to conduct and evaluate a freshmen core physical education program. It is designed to allow teacher instructional flexibility, a necessity, considering the many different teaching styles, personalities, and class make up. Although the main objective of this project is to implement a physical education curriculum guide for teachers at Upland High School, a consideration of the administrative functions and developmental process are also discussed in the guide. Both the guide, the admimstrative functions, and the developmental process are vital to the development and implementation of the curriculum.


Improvements in gyro design within the last decade, particularly various floated gyro developments, make necessary a better understanding of the phenomenon of gyro drift rate. With this knowledge, it should be possible to improve gyro designs still further and to better estimate the error contribution of the gyro to complex vehicle control, guidance and instrument systems.


A data set of 550 elements was analyzed during the study, containing data on books: title, author, number of reviews, price, and rating. Smoothing methods were used to average local data for further forecasting, in which non-systematic elements replace each other. Clear graphs without sharp peaks were obtained. Based on which the methods of moving average, weighted moving average, exponential smoothing and median filtering, it was found that the books that became bestsellers in 2009-2011 did not have a high response rate. While in the following 2012 to 2019, there was an increase in the number of reviews; the average was 25,000 per book. Examining the correlation between Reviews and Prices, we found a relationship that indicates that books priced above $ 60 typically have no more than 10,000 reviews. Books priced from $ 40 to $ 60 have an average of no more than 20,000 reviews. Books up to $ 20 have different reviews, but mostly this value does not exceed 40,000, and those books that have more are the exception rather than the rule. The clustering method was applied to the 12 authors who wrote the bestsellers, and after normalizing the table and building proximity tables, we identified clusters.


The teaching of philosophy highligts as part to be recognized in the historical processes of educational organization in Brazil by the force of political interests that have been crossed since the first traits of jesuit catechetical pedagogy. For this reason, we propose, in this text, to revisit the history of brazilian education to compreend the pendular movement of inclusion and exclusion of philosophy as a teaching subject, analyzing the ideological reasons that justify this movement, and, at the end, highlights the contourns and theorical ways that modifiered this characteristics while subject in the school curriculum. For this, we seek theoretical support in Ceppas (2010), Cartolano (1985), Gallo and Kohan (2000) and Saviani (2010). It is a discussion that unfolds in the intertwining of historical narratives of Brazilian education, and that allows us not only to identify the movements of inclusion and exclusion of philosophy in educational programs from the sixteenth century, but above all to question how these political interests forged the different ideals of man and society from which we are heirs.


An extensive data set of aerosol vertical concentration profiles (height range 0.5-15 meters, diameter range 10-75 micron), acquired with the Rotorod3 device at various geographical locations has been statistically analyzed. The analysis supplied a parameterization for the 4th (large particle) lognormal mode in the Advanced Navy Aerosol Model (ANAM). The analysis revealed a positive correlation between concentration and wind speed, and a negative correlation between concentration and height. No clear dependence of radius and width on meteorological parameters has been found. Numerical simulations with the Dutch-French SeaCluse model supported the results of the statistical analysis. The present version of ANAM predicts the experimental aerosol concentration to within a factor of 3. This result was confirmed using an independent data set. Initial extinction calculations with the ANAM indicate that the addition of the 4th mode changes aerosol extinction values by about 20% as compared to NAM calculations. Closer to the surface, this number is even higher due to the height dependence of the 4th mode.


This paper presents rigorous conditions, without the independence assumption on the input signal, for the first and second moment convergence of the gradient adaptive algorithms including FIR and IIR (equation error method) LMS and IV algorithms.<<ETX>>


The notion of gender, political ideology, ethnic condition, disability and other subjective experiences are interwoven with female political participation.
Gender awareness is a psychosocial process that encompasses the subjectivities of people, articulating this dimension through self-recognition and self-awareness, with the socio-political dimension. As such, it reveals the levels of knowledge people have about the social reality of inequality built between men and women within the patriarchal system. This research relates these categories to the participatory processes to know if they necessarily contribute to the construction of a gender awareness in women or motivates it, considering that participation Is crossed by a multiplicity of dimensions such as: class, ethnicity, and sexuality, which is why gender alone is insufficient to achieve a feminine participation of incidence in overcoming inequality gaps


Abstract China is currently the world's largest producer of food irradiation. Despite the long‐standing (about 100 years) evidence supporting the safety of food irradiation, consumers' acceptance of irradiated foods remains limited. This study aimed to investigate the development of food irradiation in China and identify the barriers that keep consumers away from irradiated foods. This was accomplished by exploring the relevant policies of food irradiation, the size and distribution of irradiation facilities in China, and analyzing their relationships between consumer characteristics and the acceptance of irradiated food. To achieve these objectives, we conducted an online survey of participants from Hubei, China (N = 264). The results reveal that irradiation facilities are mainly distributed in large coastal cities such as the Bohai Bay, the Yangtze River Delta, and the Greater Bay Area. Furthermore, the study identified that consumer' acceptance of irradiated food is directly related to their level of understanding. Approximately 22% of the sampled consumers reported that they would not accept that they have consumed irradiated food and most of them (41%) stated that they would not purchase irradiated food if they were aware of buying irradiated food. Specifically, consumers expressed discomfort with consuming irradiated food under unknown circumstances. This trend is more prevalent among female, low‐educated, and older consumers, with 40% of the sampled population indicating that they would not buy irradiated food. Given the strong correlation between knowledge and acceptance of irradiated foods, the study suggests that policy reform should prioritize enhancing the understanding of irradiated food, particularly among female, low‐educated, and older consumers.


We study instanton contributions to hadronic decays of the scalar glueball, the pseudoscalar charmonium state ${\ensuremath{\eta}}_{c},$ and the scalar charmonium state ${\ensuremath{\chi}}_{c}.$ Hadronic decays of the ${\ensuremath{\eta}}_{c}$ are of particular interest. The three main decay channels are $K\overline{K}\ensuremath{\pi},\ensuremath{\eta}\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{\pi}$ and ${\ensuremath{\eta}}^{\ensuremath{'}}\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{\pi},$ each with an unusually large branching ratio $\ensuremath{\sim}5%.$ On the quark level, all three decays correspond to an instanton type vertex $(\overline{c}c)(\overline{s}s)(\overline{d}d)(\ifmmode \bar{u}\else \={u}\fi{}u).$ We show that the total decay rate into three pseudoscalar mesons can be reproduced using an instanton size distribution consistent with phenomenology and lattice results. Instantons correctly reproduce the ratio $B(\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{\eta})/B(\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{\pi}{\ensuremath{\eta}}^{\ensuremath{'}})$ but overpredict the ratio $B(K\overline{K}\ensuremath{\pi})/B[\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{\eta}({\ensuremath{\eta}}^{\ensuremath{'}})].$ We consider the role of scalar resonances and suggest that the decay mechanism can be studied by measuring the angular distribution of decay products.


Under the condition of water temperature(25.2±1℃),continuous aeration and pH 7.8~8.3,a 3 factor multilevel juvenile crab culture experiment were implemented with 7 salinity levels,6 cultural density and 2 rearing container textiles.The result showed that the juvenile crab had the highest survival rate(C1 95.0%,C2 90.5%) at 25 salinity.There was a decreased trend at the salinity either lower or higher 25.The survival rate of C1 and C2 had significant differences among all salinity levels groups(p0.01),but no significant differences(p0.05) in the same salinity level.The intermolt period of C1 to C2 and C2 to C3 at 5,30,35 salinity was 120±2 h,while at 10,15,20,25 salinity,it was 96±2 h,the extent of metamorphism synchronization was more higher at 10,15,20,25 groups than those of which at 5,30,35.Among all cultural densities,637 ind/m2 had the highest survival rate(90.00%).The average survival rate of C1(89.6%) was higher than C2(89.6%),and significant differences(p0.01) of survival rate between C1 and C2 were found at the same cultural density.The survival rate of juvenile crab C1 in mosquito net and bolting-silk container were 88.50% and 85.65% respectively,the survival rate of mosquito net(90.4%) and bolting-silk(88.7%)had no significant differences(p0.05),while the survival rate of C2 in mosquito net(86.6%) and bolting-silk(82.6%) had significant differences(p0.01),which suggested that C1 was not much selective to the textile of container.In conclusion,the optimum condition was 25 salinity,637 ind/m2 and mosquito net container.


We have recently demonstrated that vaccination of calves against the gastroinstestinal nematode Ostertagia ostertagi with excretory–secretory antigens from adult parasites, enriched for cysteine proteinases, induced a protective immune response against Ostertagia[1]. This response was reflected in a significant reduction of 60% in fecal egg counts, a significant higher percentage of inhibited L4 larvae, a reduction of 18% in total worm numbers and a significant reduction in worm length of both female and male parasites. The protective antigen fraction, termed ES-thiol, contained one prominent antigen around 30 kDa and approximately seven less abundant antigens. Analysis of the antibody response of the immunized animals showed that only the prominent antigen was strongly and specifically recognized by the protected calves. In an attempt to identify this putative protective component we analyzed the composition of ES-thiol by 2D gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry analysis. The 2D gel electrophoresis was performed using the IPG-SDS/PAGE system (Pharmacia) according to Bjellqvist et al. [2]. Six abundant spots between pI 5 and 7 with a molecular mass around 33 kDa and approximately 13 fainter spots with pI values ranging from 4 to 8 with molecular masses between 53 and 15 kDa were visible in ES-thiol ( Fig. 1A). All spots were excised from the gel and used for MALDI-peptide mass fingerprint analysis. Results were only obtained from the six abundant spots at 33 kDa. Two different but similar proteins were detected in these spots (spots 1–4 and spots 5–6) from


Dot-like hippocampal hyperintensities on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) are characteristic findings of transient global amnesia (TGA).1 These hyperintensities present as single or multiple hyperintensities in one or both hippocampi. However, some studies have reported that these lesions were present in patients without amnesia, a characteristic symptom of TGA.2-4 We report a case of dot-like hippocampal hyperintensities on DWI in a patient with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo without amnesia.


This work reports on temperature-induced out-diffusion and concentration decay of the prominent intrinsic point defect VNi (nickel vacancy) in the wide-gap p-type semiconductor nickel oxide (NiO). VNi can easily be introduced into NiO thin films by offering high oxygen partial pressures during film growth, rendering nonstoichiometric semiconducting structures. However, exposure to lower oxygen supply after growth, e.g. in a standard atmosphere, usually leads to a gradual decrease of film conductivity, because the vacancy concentration equilibrates. In this study, we observe this process in situ by performing temperature-dependent measurements of the electrical conductivity on a room temperature-grown NiO film. At a temperature of 420K under exclusion of oxygen, the doping level decreases by a factor of 8 while the associated room temperature dc conductivity drops by six orders of magnitude. At the same time, out-diffusion of the mobile VNi species can be indirectly observed through the occurrence of electrode polarization characteristics.


It comprises a hologram and the objective lens, the blue light beam (with a wavelength (λ1)) a base (基材) thickness of about 0.1㎜ of BD and a base thickness of about 0.6㎜ corresponding to the red light beam (wavelength (λ2)) corresponding to the DVD and to stabilize and also provides a complex objective lens that allows the high-precision compatible reproducing, the record. Only the inner periphery of the hologram, towards the optical axis side from the outer peripheral side, 0 times the unit level difference that gives a difference in optical path length of about one wavelength for the blue light beam, a cycle two times, one times, first the steps of the three-fold order height the grid is formed having a cross-sectional shape. The hologram is not limited to the blue light beam diffracted and passed as a zero-order diffracted light, and to emit a red light beam passing through the inner circumferential portion as + 1st-order diffracted light, and light-converged by the objective lens. Accordingly, the focus of a red light beam becomes longer than the distance between the blue light beam, the greater the operating distance.


Based on the data of trawl production in the fishing grounds of the Changjiang estcuary in the 1990s,the paper analyzed the status of fishery resource varieties in trawl production. The results indicated that the demersal fish was the dominant species, but the pelagic fish possesses a definite proportion. In accordance with the stabilization of fishery resources, the catches were divided into three types: 1. More stable resources, such as Trichiurus japonicus,Pseudosciaena polyactis, Pampus argenteus, Collichthysspp. 2.Species fluctuated widely, such as Ilisha elongata, Nibea albiflora,Argyrosomus argentatus,Muraenesox cinereus, Coilia ectenes, Pseudosciaena crocea etc. 3. Small and low-priced fish, Setipinna tatyand Harpadon nehereus were its main representative fish. The stability of these resources not only was affected by high fishing intensity and environmental pollution but also of certain concerned with their ability to adjust the changes and pressure of environment and their life circles as well.


This paper describes the involvement of peer trainers in Tree of Life groups for young people living with Type 1 Diabetes. The approach is informed by narrative therapy and collective narrative practice and principles, where people are seen as separate from problems and the focus is on creating opportunities for people to tell and witness one another's preferred identity stories. Young people who have participated in a Tree of Life day are invited to join the project as peer trainers who help facilitate, engage group participants, witness their stories and consult to the project. Involving peer trainers also aims to create a community where preferred identity stories can be lived and witnessed. This paper describes the training for peer trainers and the building of community.


Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of reconstructing coracoclavicular ligament with Endobutton to cure acromioclavicular joint dislocation typed as Rockwood Ⅲ-Ⅴ. Methods Nineteen cases of acromioclavicular joint dislocation were treated with Endobutton to reconstruct coracoclavicular ligament from March 2010 to June 2012 in our centre.Postoperative evaluation was conducted according to the Karlsson standard. Results All cases received follow-up for 12-18months(mean 14.3 months). Ten cases reached excellent and 7 cases reached good results without dislocation or other complications referencing Karlsson evaluating standard. The total excellent and good rate was 89.5%. Conclusion Using Endobutton to treat acromioclavicular joint dislocation typed Rockwood Ⅲ-Ⅴ by reconstructing coracoclavicular ligament can get a satisfactory curative effect manifested in anatomical repositioning conforming to biomechanical characteristics, small surgical trauma, postoperative functional recovery and low treatment cost.


This article uses the provincial panel data of large and medium-sized industrial enterprises in China in1999-2007, exploiting growth regression method, to empirically study the relationship between capital deepening, the heterogeneity of technological input and growth of labor productivity. The results showed that: capital deepening explains 50% of the growth in labor productivity; R&D not only directly raise labor productivity, but also through interaction with the level of capital deepening has contributed significantly to labor productivity growth.


ABSTRACT
Introduction:
 Considering children's role as active citizens in the school community and their social health's relationship with society's health, their peace education and empowerment in social skills becomes of significant importance.
Objective:
This study set out to establish a framework of influential factors on empowering primary school students in peer mediation from the stakeholders' point of view.
Methods:
 A qualitative content analysis was performed. The participants consisted of schoolchildren (24 boys), parents (10 individuals), school officials and experts (11 individuals). In total, 7 focus group discussions and 6 in-depth interviews were held. Data collection continued to the point of saturation. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using OpenCode software.
Results:
 The participants' views and comments were classified in to two main categories; "educational empowerment" and "social empowerment" and in to two themes; "Program" and "Support". The 'Program' theme included factors such as the design and implementation, development, maintenance and improvement and individual and social impact. The 'Support' theme included factors such as social, emotional and physical support.
Conclusions:
 The two fundamental bases of peace education and empowerment of primary school children in peer mediation are both educational and social aspects. They are vital for peace education design, programming and intervention. Empowering children requires certain actions and interventions to embed and support the necessary conditions for the realization of peace education and empowerment programs.


Hydrogels have been extensively investigated as biomaterials because of their excellent biocompatibility, and recent developments such as 3D printing and the incorporation of dynamic crosslinks have advanced the field considerably. However, the next step of in vivo translational biomedicine requires an understanding of essential hydrogel properties so that they can be designed to overcome the challenges of the living environment. In this review, the stringent design criteria required for in vivo applications are highlighted and recent advances in the repair of organ tissues (heart, bone, eye, etc.) and the therapeutic delivery of bioactive molecules are described. Commercially available hydrogel systems that can be used for translational biomedicine are also discussed, as is the long and sometimes fraught journey from the laboratory to the clinic.


This chapter examines the portrayal of Menelaus in the Odyssey. The Odyssey-poet has a new role for Menelaus to play: Menelaus will help Telemachus to find, and the audience to understand, Odysseus. The chapter also reveals the importance of relationships in Homeric character-portrayal. In the Iliad, Homer refigures the relationships by which Menelaus was traditionally construed. He consistently defers to Agamemnon not out of inferiority or dependency but acts out of affection and choice. Helen matters very little to Menelaus, apart from the injustice of her abduction. The Odyssey-poet thematizes these same relationships rather differently. As the narrative begins, the returns of Menelaus and Agamemnon depend on one another. But as the story progresses, Menelaus distances himself, for a time, from brother and wife. Menelaus extricates himself from Helen in the course of his narrative, eliminating her altogether in the story of Proteus and casting himself as a hero of Odyssean mettle, with a fate all his own. The relationships by which Menelaus traditionally is construed begin to close in on him after the close of the Proteus narrative. Homer finally leaves Menelaus behind, in the shadow of Helen, when Telemachus returns to Ithaca.


KOUMPLI-SOVANTZI L. 1995. Althenia filiformis PETIT (Zannichelliaceae) in Greece. Phyton (Horn, Austria) 35 (2): 243-245. English with German summary. Althenia filiformis PETIT has been found in two coastal aquatic stands on the Aegean island of Naxos and in a coastal pool on the mainland of Greece (Attiki). These findings are new records for the Greek flora, the three habitats are shortly described.


In this work, we present a method for approximating constrained maximum entropy (ME) reconstructions of SPECT data with modifications to a block-iterative MAP algorithm. Maximum likelihood (ML)-based reconstruction algorithms require some form of noise smoothing. Constrained ME provides a more formal method of noise smoothing without requiring the user to select parameters. In the context of SPECT, constrained ME seeks the smoothest image estimate whose projections are a given distance from the noisy measured data, with that distance determined by the magnitude of the Poisson noise. Images that meet the distance criterion are referred to as "feasible images". We find that modeling of all principal degrading factors (attenuation, detector response, and scatter) in the reconstruction is critical because feasibility is not meaningful unless the projection model is as accurate as possible, Because the constrained ME solution is the same as a maximum a posteriori (MAP) solution for a particular value of the MAP weighting parameter, /spl beta/, the constrained ME solution can be found with a MAP algorithm if the correct value of /spl beta/ is found. We show that the RBI-MAP algorithm, if used with a dynamic scheme for estimating /spl beta/, can approximate constrained ME solutions in twenty or fewer iterations. We compare results for various methods of achieving feasible images on a simulation of Tl-201 cardiac SPECT data. Results show that the RBI-MAP ME approximation provides images and quantitative estimates close to those from a slower algorithm that gives the true ME solution. Also, we find that the ME results have higher spatial resolution and greater high-frequency noise content than a feasibility-based stopping rule, feasibility-based low-pass filtering, and a quadratic Gibbs prior with /spl beta/ selected according to the feasibility criterion. We conclude that fast ME approximation is possible using either RBI-MAP with the dynamic procedure or a feasibility-based stopping rule, and that such reconstructions may be particularly useful in applications where resolution is critical.


The State of Tamil Nadu was the most affected region in India during the tsunami of December 26, 2004, in the Indian Ocean, in terms of loss of life and damage. Numerical simulation was made for three tsunamis, the December 26, 2004, event, the Sumatra tsunami of 1833, and a hypothetical tsunami originating in the Andaman-Nicobar region. Since inundation is not included in these simulations, the tsunami amplitudes were deduced at the 10m depth contour in the ocean, off several locations on the coast of Tamil Nadu. The computed amplitudes appear reasonable as compared to known tsunami amplitudes from past events.


The human brain is the most complicated organ in the universe and a new frontier yet to be explored in an interdisciplinary approach. Investigation of the brain is a unique problem that requires recursive mental power to explore the brain using the brain. This paper attempts to develop functional and cognitive models of the brain by using cognitive informatics and formal methodologies. This paper adopts a memory-based approach to explore the brain, and to demonstrate that memory is the foundation for any natural intelligence. Structures of memories are explored and cognitive models of the natural intelligence are proposed. Cognitive mechanisms of the brain, including hypotheses and theories on the thinking engine of the brain, long-term memory establishment, and roles of sleep in long-term memory development, are investigated. The models and theories are applied to explain a number of fundamental physiological and psychological phenomena.


A novel real-time monitoring system based on Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensor has been developed to detect chatter in boring process. In the system, a boring bar with large length-to-diameter ratio (FSTUP3225R/L-16S) was the test subject. The FBG sensor was installed on the surface of the boring bar with the length of 225mm. A classical strain gauge was employed to measure the vibratory strain and compare the results with the ones from FBG sensor. The measurements were carried out using various cutting parameters to obtain the desired chatter phenomenon. The analysis of the experimental data was verified the chatter happened during the deep hole boring. Comparison between the experimental results from two kinds of sensors demonstrated that the measurement technique could be used to detect the dynamic strain, as well as the permitting one to research the method to identify boring chatter on-line be using optical fiber sensor system.


Real-time abnormal event detection in practical video surveillance has been a difficult task, because there are a huge amount of continuous arrival video data, where normal events may change and only a small portion of video data contains abnormal events. In this paper, to address this problem, we use the latter arrived data to online update our model in an incremental way. We propose a spatial-temporal context-aware abnormal event detection method based on incremental sparse combination learning (ISCL). To better represent an event, we propose a novel Gradient Local Binary Patterns on Orthogonal Planes (GLBPOP) which is extracted by combining 3D gradient information and spatial-temporal context information together on two orthogonal planes. Then we propose an ISCL framework to update each dictionary in combination set in an incremental way to adapt to the possible varied upcoming normal samples. Experiments on public dataset demonstrate the proposed method is effective and superior.


A distributed energy management system for an interconnected multi-microgrid system is developed and tested. The distributed energy management system is formulated using the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) and is implemented using the CVX platform of the MATLAB environment. In this work, microgrids are interconnected and communicate with each other in order to minimize the operational cost of the system and to derive maximum profits via energy exchanges with the main grid. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.


SUMMARY There are increasing expectations for RFMOs to implement an ecosystem approach to fisheries management. We constructed an idealized Driver-Pressure-State-Ecosystem Services-Response conceptual ecological model for a role model tuna RFMO and used it to assess the progress of ICCAT and IATTC in applying an ecosystem approach to fisheries management. Both RFMOs have taken steps, yet the extent of their ecosystem-related research activities and programs differed markedly and occurred under different fundamental institutional structures. Both tuna RFMOs have a long list of management measures to mitigate the effects of fishing on target and by-catch species, and no measures to account for the impacts of fishing on the food web structure and trophic relationships and protections of sensitive habitats. The management measures in place to reduce bycatch have by large not been linked to pre-agreed operational objectives and associated indicators, and are not activated when a predefined threshold is exceeded. In the future, we intend to evaluate the progress of the five tuna RFMOs in applying an ecosystem approach to fisheries to find examples of good practices that can be transferred across them. RESUME


Many software cost estimation models suggest a one-size-fit-all effort distribution patterns as the basis of their guidelines for resource allocation on software development activities. This set of distribution percentages is generally developed from experiences with limited data support. In this paper, we will examine a set of real world data points and share our findings that uncover the significant variations of effort distribution patterns when categorized by application domains. Furthermore, we will discuss the possibility of extracting active factors from application domains that may help us enhance the overall effort distribution patterns as in


Real-world scenes always exhibit objects with clutter backgrounds, posing great challenges for deep salient object detection models. In this paper, we propose salient object detection by engaging two saliency cues, i.e., the part-whole hierarchies and contrast cues, resulting in a PWHCNet. Specifically, two branches, which consists of a Dynamic Grouping Capsules (DGC) branch and a DenseHRNet branch, are put in place to learn the part-whole hierarchies and contrast cues, respectively. Moreover, to help highlight the whole salient object in complex scenes, a Background Suppression (BS) module is proposed to guide the shallow features of DenseHRNet with the aid of the part-whole relational cues captured by DGC. Subsequently, these two saliency cues are integrated via a Self-Channel and Mutual-Spatial (SCMS) attention mechanism. Experimental results on five benchmarks demonstrate that the proposed PWHCNet achieves state-of-the-art performance while obtaining the whole salient objects with fine details.


We focus on the problem of embedding deterministic equations in discrete Bayesian networks. This is typically achieved by a discretization of both input and output variables and a degenerate quantification of the corresponding conditional probability table. We note that, generally speaking, this approach based on the classical Bayesian theory of probability cannot properly take into account the information loss induced by the discretization. Consequently, we propose a conservative modeling of such epistemic uncertainty by means of credal sets, i.e., sets of probability mass functions. This approach transforms the original Bayesian network in a credal network, returning interval-valued inferences, that are robust with respect to the discretization. Procedures for optimal discretization in this setup are discussed. The proposed method can be used for both developing knowledge-based expert systems as well as machine learning based on probabilistic graphical models.


We demonstrate high efficiency electrophosphorescent devices doped by bis(2-phenyl-benzoimidazole) iridium (III) acetylacetonate [Ir(ppi)2acac] with active hydrogen. At 100 mA/cm2 2 wt % Ir(ppi)2acac doped device offers an external quantum efficiency (ηext) of 5.1% and an efficiency roll-off of 28.2%, which decreases for 33.5% and 39.1% compared with that of 2 and 6 wt % fac-tris(2-phenylpyridine) iridium (III) [fac-Ir(ppy)3] doped reference devices, respectively. 7 wt % Ir(ppi)2acac doped device behaves a maximum ηext of 13.4% and a ηext of 8.0% at a luminance of 10 000 cd/m2. Both the ηext are higher than that of the reference device. The improvement in electroluminescent performance was assumed to be the very short triplet lifetime (3.74 ns) induced by the active hydrogen atom.


Remarks are confined in this paper mainly to the technical aspect of pasture establishment with special reference to recent developments.


The theory of infrasonic ambient noise in a semiinfinite, isotropic ocean due to random wind‐pressure fluctuations acting on the sea surface is reexamined. The surface pressure field is modeled as a Poisson distribution of point forces. This provides a boundary condition that must be satisfied by the solution of the homogeneous Helmholtz equation for the resultant acoustic field in the ocean. Using this solution the spatial coherence function of the ambient noise is constructed, from which the directionality in the vertical is derived and shown to be the same as that for the noise field produced by a random distribution of vertical dipoles on the surface. The power spectrum of the noise scales with the point spectrum of the wind‐pressure fluctuations, which is determined empirically from published measurements of wind‐pressure spectra taken over water, and with the square of the Helmholtz number for the turbulent sources. Since the Helmholtz number is very much less than unity, it is concluded that wind t...


Recent surveys have uncovered an exciting new population of ultra-short-period (USP) planets with orbital periods less than a day. These planets typically have radii 2 Earth radii today, which is inconsistent with the observed evaporation desert, indicating that most USP planets likely formed from water-poor material within the snow-line. Finally, I examine the special case of 55 Cancri e and its possible composition in the light of recent observations, and discuss the prospects for further characterizing this population with future observations.


Determination of hyphal growth rates in microslide cultures has been utilized to determine concentrations of griseofulvin. At concentrations between 0.001 mcg. and 0.01 mcg./ml. griseofulvin in Sabouraud liquid medium, the curve showing growth rate as a function of log dose is linear. In this concentration range the rate of hyphal elongation is constant with respect to time, and curling or distortion of hyphae is not seen except at the upper limit of the range. Microculture assays are compared to simultaneous assays performed using the current USP agar cup procedure. The microslide technique requires a combined incubation and reading period of 24 hr. It can be used to determine accurately one thousandth the concentration of griseofulvin required for the official procedure.


This paper applies data mining to analyze the grey correlation of medical device human factors events.Through analyzing data in existing medical device adverse events report system,the correlation between human factors events and different types of human errors could be obtained.The detailed application steps of data mining are put forward,and they are applied to analyze the human factors events with medical pumps.The relationship between reasons of human events and human errors are quantitatively analyzed,as well as the correlations between results of factors human factors events and human errors.This makes the analysis of the whole process of medical device human factors events to be quantitative.


The review the power situation of one of Kano Free Trade Zone, one of the Federal Government of Nigeria's own Export Processing Zones and simulated a hybrid power plant for the Zone and nearby community. It is found that, the power requirements of the Zone are current provided for through an unreliable Grid and 1MW diesel generator, which is quite expensive and unsatisfactory for a manufacturing site. The paper gathered solar resources information of the site using Global Solar Atlas and use the HOMER Grid optimization feature to simulate the most appropriate capacity to provide the recorded load of the Zone. The simulation proposed four viable systems out of which two are considered and recommended for implementation at the Zone as they provide the opportunity for the Zone to provide itself with renewable power using Grid Tied Solar-PV/Diesel hybrid and even sell more power to the grid, nearby community and installations.


The major sources of pollutants in the environment are industries which are discharged at various levels either indirectly or directly. Hence, the study was aimed at determining the physicochemical parameters and some heavy metals concentration in effluents discharged from industries in Kano metropolis. Samples of effluents were collected in early morning hours from three different points and were subjected to physical, physicochemical, and heavy metals analysis. The effluent samples appeared with varying characteristics of objectionable odor and appearance. The values of temperature and pH fell within the acceptable limit of <40 set by FAO (1992). However, site C is slightly acidic. It could be said that the value of temperature in site C is within the safe limit while the sites A and B were above the severe hazard limit of FAO (1992). Only the value of site C was recorded as shown in Table 2 for TDS, the values of sites A and B were out of range due to the limitation of the TDS machine which is below 2000. The values of the three sites for Cd, Cr, and Pb have exceeded the standards of the WHO/FAO and FEPA. However, the values for concentrations of Pb were within the limit. The relatively higher concentration of these heavy metals has called for attention of all stakeholders. Regular monitoring, sanction, and more comprehensive research should be put in place for reducing the extent of such phenomena.


This article aims to present the theoretical framework that guides the qualified scientific production about the quality in tourist services. It used a qualitative approach to select a portfolio of literature published from 2002 to 2012 and from them extract and analyze the most prominent references. The results indicate that the research about quality in tourism is based on generalist theories from the end of the 80s and 90s, primarily based on marketing that are used indiscriminately for any service provider. These theories focus on the marketing aspects and the perceived quality and less on quality management and service operations. This conception cannot be disregarded, but it is necessary to include other concepts that consider the breadth and scope of quality in tourism, such as services experience, environmental responsibility, quality management, process management, among others.


Semiparametric linear transformation models serve as useful alternatives to the Cox proportional hazard model. In this study, we use the semiparametric linear transformation model to analyze survival data with selective compliance. We estimate regression parameters and the transformation function based on pseudo‐likelihood and a series of estimating equations. We show that the estimators for the regression parameters and transformation function are consistent and asymptotically normal, and both converge to their true values at the rate of n−1/2 , the convergence rate expected for a parametric model. The practical utility of the methods is confirmed via simulations as well as an application of a clinical trial to evaluate the effectiveness of sentinel node biopsy in guiding the treatment of invasive melanoma. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 42: 18–35; 2014 © 2013 Statistical Society of Canada


We report a patient with cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa, who had a 3‐year history of recurrent leg and foot ulcers. Symptoms of ischaemia in the left foot, including severe pain, coldness, paraesthesia and violaceous discoloration, deteriorated abruptly, because of complete occlusion of the left anterior tibial artery. The occluded segment was revascularized by percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, resulting in a dramatic improvement in the ischaemic symptoms.


Can listening to music be considered an act involving creative thinking? This paper explores the notion of creative thinking and music listening by (1) sampling conceptual writings on the subject of creativity and listening to music, (2) articulating ten generalities regarding creative listening, (3) examining empirical research in this area, and (4) describing a preliminary study that presented subjects with a problem-solving listening task requiring them to visually represent (`map') what they heard in a musical excerpt, then examined their visual representations and their verbal responses to the task to see if this approach held promise for future indepth research regarding creative listening. The results of the preliminary study were promising and appeared to confirm certain of the generalities articulated about creative listening.


Tuberculosis is a contagious infectious disease, caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, transmitted through its release into the air when a sick person coughs, sneezes or talks, so it can be inhaled by another person and infect it, it is necessary for patients to adopt family, work and social distancing to avoid infections, causing a risk of developing different levels of depression, which is detrimental due to its negative influence on decision-making. The frequency of depression in society is high, as is the predisposition of patients diagnosed with Tuberculosis due to the sudden change in their lifestyle, which is why it was proposed to determine the level of depression in tuberculosis patients at health centers from Los Olivos district, this study will also allow to know the most frequent physical and psychological reactions, in addition to the most predominant sex. To obtain the information, the corresponding permits were obtained and the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9), an international and nationally validated standardized instrument, was applied; the data was processed in the statistical software SPSS 24.0, and the graphics were subsequently extracted; where the following obtained results were reflected: 100% of the participants had some level of depression, the most prevalent being the level of moderate depression with 35.56%, being more present in the female population with 21.11% , it was also shown that 48.9% of patients almost always have little interest or pleasure in doing things.


Computed Tomography (CT) is widely used in the modern clinical settings. In certain procedures, the region of interest (ROI) is often considerably smaller than the imaged field of view (FOV), thereby subjecting the patient to extra dose. For these procedures, we propose a method of filtered region-of-interest (FROI) CT. In this procedure, a predetermined ROI is imaged with standard x-ray intensity, while surrounding areas are imaged using a substantial lower x-ray intensity by interposing an x-ray attenuator in the beam. For the FROI-CT acquisitions in this study, a gadolinium filter with a circular central opening is placed in the x-ray beam of a standard clinical rotational angiography system. The resulting image contains a high intensity ROI, a low intensity region surrounding the ROI, and a transition region between these two. Three-dimensional reconstruction using these images would result in artifacts. Therefore, the intensities in the images are equalized prior to reconstruction. To equalize the intensities, first two images are obtained, one unfiltered and one with a filter in place. The corresponding data in the two images are used in a linear least-squares fit to determine the equalization function. The transition region is equalized using a radial filter technique, based on a comparison of the data on either side of the transition region after intensity equalization. The technique was evaluated using rotational angiographic sequences of a head phantom obtained with and without the filter in place. Differences between conventional (unfiltered) and FROI-equalized images of the head phantom were approximately 5%. Differences in reconstructed images (conventional and FROI) were 7% on average inside the reconstructed ROI. These results are comparable to those obtained for two separate standard acquisitions. A 50% dose reduction was obtained for a 50% FOV radius for the filter. These results indicate that FROI-CT can provide the physician with the image detail comparable to conventional image acquisition while reducing dose to the patient.


In the American musical theater, self-consciously theatrical characters have enormous freedom to determine their place within the social and cultural framework of the stage community.1 Unlike characters who lack theatrical self-awareness, those who can adopt numerous characters in the course of a single play, altering their outward appearance, language, and gestures to suit the moment, are especially powerful in the world of the musical. They establish a special relationship with the ultimate arbiters of theatrical success—the audience beyond the footlights. The audience members are in on the secret; having seen the performer transform himor herself, they are not fooled by the changes and can share the pleasure of watching the rest of the cast—the straight men— become increasingly confused. To American Jews of the 1920s and 1930s this ability to transform oneself was essential both on and off the stage. In the volatile interwar years in which American identity was perpetually being redefined, Jews often found themselves held up as examples in a public debate on immigration, assimilation and Americanness.2 The definition of the Jew was of particular concern: were Jews an ethnic and cultural group, and hence assimilable, or were they a racially distinct people who could never


The current energy crisis in Europe, largely generated by the considerable reduction in Russian natural gas flows, forces the European authorities to accelerate the transition to renewable energy sources, although changing the structure of the energy mix too quickly can generate accentuated imbalances, which translate into major costs of balancing and in higher bills for end consumers. The study involves the analysis of the historical volatility of energy production from renewable sources in Romania (hydropower, wind energy, photovoltaic energy, and that from biomass), by using ARCH/GARCH models through EVIEWS 12 software, and its contribution to national consumption, in the period January 1st, 2020 - September 1st, 2022, using actualized at 10-minutes intervals. The research results highlight the instability of energy production from renewable sources and the need to identify solutions to reduce balancing costs, so that green energy can represent a cost-effective solution for ensuring energy independence and combating pollution, both from a technical and economic point of view.


In order to reveal the metabolic mechanism of removal acetic acid during litchi wine fermentation in oenological conditions, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which has the abilities of strong metabolism of acetic acid as well as high tolerance to high levels of alcohol, was inoculated at the fermentation matrix of lychee juice supplemented with different initial concentration of acetic acid. The results indicated that the amount of acetic acid metabolized by Yds101 increased with initial acetic acid concentration increasing and then decreased. While litchi juice supplemented with 1.5 g/L acetic acid before fermentation, at the end of fermentation, the content of acetic acid was 0.78 g/L and decreased by 48.0%. This was the optimal metabolic rate of all the tested samples.The fastest consumption rate of acetic acid was in the exponential phase. The effects of acetic acid on the metabolic products of yeast were that: There was less glycerin and more acetaldehyde and ethanol than these unsupplemented with acetic acid during the fermentation. The specific activity variation of pyruvate decarboxylase,ethanol dehydrogenase, acetaldehyde dehydrogenase and acetyl-Co A synthetase were consistent with the content changes of ethanol, glycerol changes and acetaldehyde. Under excessive concentration of acetic acid, the specific activity of acetyl-Co A synthetase further enhanced, which suggesting that improving the specific activity of ACS by stimulating Saccharomyces cerevisiae was related with excessice acetic acid.


ABSTRACT Objective: To identify at-risk teen populations and their sources of cigarettes, in order to help target future efforts in prevention of teen smoking. Methods: Analysis of smoking behavior questions for students in grades 6, 7, 9 and 12 from the 1997 Pennsylvania Biennial Youth Risk Survey. Results: Current smoking prevalence was 20.9% overall. The number of ninth grade smokers was almost five times higher than the number of sixth grade smokers (30.6% vs. 6.6%). Seventy-three percent of the teens identified friends as a source of tobacco. Stores became the most common source for twelfth graders only. Conclusion: Teenage smoking remains a serious public health concern and easy access to tobacco persists, despite recent legislation. The significant increase in smoking between 6th and 9th graders and the high social availability of cigarettes demonstrate the need for continued attempts to limit teen's access to tobacco and emphasis on prevention efforts in younger adolescents.Objective: To identify at-risk teen populations and their sources of cigarettes, in order to help target future efforts in prevention of teen smoking. Methods: Analysis of smoking behavior questions for students in grades 6, 7, 9 and 12 from the 1997 Pennsylvania Biennial Youth Risk Survey. Results: Current smoking prevalence was 20.9% overall. The number of ninth grade smokers was almost five times higher than the number of sixth grade smokers (30.6% vs. 6.6%). Seventy-three percent of the teens identified friends as a source of tobacco. Stores became the most common source for twelfth graders only. Conclusion: Teenage smoking remains a serious public health concern and easy access to tobacco persists, despite recent legislation. The significant increase in smoking between 6th and 9th graders and the high social availability of cigarettes demonstrate the need for continued attempts to limit teen's access to tobacco and emphasis on prevention efforts in younger adolescents.


The construction conditions of diaphragm wall wharf,Jingtang Harbour District are introduced and analysis on the proposal for the covered type of deep water sheet pile wharf are made in the paper.


The antifungal studies on the triterpenoids from the pericarp of Forsythia viridissima LINDL. were conducted. The pericarp was obtained from the plant which was cultivated at Eusung, Kyungsang-bukkdo, Korea. Substances A and B were isolated by column fractionation and purified by recrystallization. ...


The flow of an electrically conducting fluid across a vertically positioned oscillating semi-boundless plate with uniform mass diffusion and temperature is examined in this study in terms of the effects of thermal radiation and viscous dissipation. The dimensionless governing equations were solved using an effective and unconditionally stable implicit finite-difference approach known as the Crank-Nicolson method. Based on the numerical results, the impacts of various physical parameter values on concentration, temperature; velocity; Sherwood numbers, Nusselt numbers and skin-friction profiles are displayed graphically and their consequences thoroughly analyzed. We observed that when the magnetic field, radiation and phase angle parameters are increased, the velocity is reduced. This shows that plate oscillation, radiation and magnetic fields affect the flow pattern significantly.

https://www.ijame-poland.com/pdf-168931-91812?filename=Numerical study of a.pdf


This volume presents 12 papers on a new approach to the analysis of writing systems. For the first time, quantitative methods are introduced into this area of research in a systematic way. The individual contributions give an overview about quantitative properties of symbols and of writing systems, introduce methods of analysis, study individual writing systems as used for different languages, set up an explanatory model of phenomena connected to script development/evolution, and give a perspective to a general theory of writing systems.


[Objective] To observe the effect of Jiedu Lifei Oral Liquid (JLOL, mainly composed of Flos Lonicerae,
Fructus Forsythiae, Radix Scutellariae, Bulbus Frityllariae, etc. ) on the immune function in mice with viral pniumonia.
[Methods] Sixty mice were randomized into 5 groups: normal group (A), model group (B), virazole group (C), small-
dose JLOL group (D) and large-dose JLOL group (E). Mouse models of viral pheumonia were induced by infection of
influenza virus FM1. Effects of JLOL on serum levels of interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-2 (IL-2), tumor necrosis
factor α (TNF-α) and interferon γ (IFN-γ) were observed. [Results] Compared with normal group, serum levels of IL-
1 and (IFN-γ were decreased and TNF-α increased (P 0.01) and IL-2 was also decreased (P 0.05 ) in model group.
After treatment wth JLOL, serum levels of IL-2 and IFN-γ were increased , TNF-α decreased (P 0.01 or P 0.05 )
and IL-1 wns increased (P 0.05). [ Conclusion] JLOL can increase the immune function by increasing the serum
levels of IL2 and IFN-γ and can reduce the immune impairment by inhibiting the over production of TNF-α.


In this paper, we propose an approach to optimize the charging schedule of an Electric Vehicle (EV) fleet both taking into account spot price and individual EV driving requirement with the goal of minimizing charging costs. A flexible and suitable mathematic model is introduced to characterize the smart charging behavior and detailed parameters needed for charging behavior of an individual EV are analyzed. The individual charging schedule is extended to the EV fleet. Simulation results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed model.


The large amount of boron-bearing iron tailings in China is a resource for metals that needs to be more completely and efficiently utilized. In this evaluation, the ammonium sulfate roasting process was used to make a controllable phase transformation to facilitate the subsequent extraction of valuable metals from boron-bearing iron tailings. The effects of roasting temperature, roasting time, the molar ratio of ammonium sulfate to tailings, and the particle size on the extraction of elements were investigated. The orthogonal experimental design of experiments was used to determine the optimal processing conditions. XRD (X-Ray Diffractomer), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and simultaneous DSC–TG analyzer were used to assist in elucidating the mechanism of ammonium sulfate roasting. The experimental results showed that nearly all Fe, Al, and Mg were extracted under the following conditions: (1) the molar ratio of ammonium sulfate to iron tailings was 3:1; (2) the roasting temperature was 450 °C; (3) the roasting time was 120 min.; and, (4) the particle size was less than 80 μm. The kinetics analysis indicated that the sulfation of metals was controlled by internal diffusion, with the apparent activation energies of 17.10 kJ·mol−1, 17.85 kJ·mol−1, 19.79 kJ·mol−1, and 29.71 kJ·mol−1 for Fe, Al, Mg, and B, respectively.


SUMMARY

From parallel observations on changes in respiration rate in vivo and mitochondrial activity in vitro it is concluded that the respiration of pea cotyledons during germination is mediated by enzymes of the citric acid cycle and of the electron transfer chain. Its course may be divided into four phases. The sharp rise in respiration rate in the first phase is due to activation by hydration of the enzymes of the two systems during swelling. The fairly constant respiration level in the subsequent phase is only to a minor extent due to a limited oxygen supply but primarily to the full hydration of the enzymes of the electron transfer chain present in the air-dry cotyledons with a certain potential activity. The increase in respiration rate in the third phase is attributed to a rise in activity of the mitochondrial enzymes, whereas the decrease in respiration rate in the fourth phase seems to be due to a disorganization of the subcellular structure of the cotyledons.


Reservoir sand formations present particular challenges to seismic monitoring of fluids due to geomechanical changes in response to fluctuating reservoir fluid pressures. Accurate ultrasonic P- and S-wave velocities were measured on samples of Captain res


This paper shows the results of adding a boost converter between a Fuel Cell generator and a resistive load in terms of voltage and current behavior. The presented results are obtained by simulating the Bond Graph developed model with a Boost Converter by using 20-Sim software.


The present paper presents a quantitative analysis of the adequacy of the Global Geopotential Model (GGM) GOCO05C for modeling the normal-geoidal height in the Southern region of Brasil. Such analysis was inferred from comparisons between normal-geoidal height values derived from GNSS/Leveling solutions and values obtained from the combined global models EGM2008, EIGEN-6C4 and GOCO05C, according to the geopotential functionals that best represent the normal-geoidal height at the region – geoid height and height anomaly – and in different development degrees, always through the relative method. This procedure was applied to the 111 (one hundred and eleven) stations of IBGE's SAT-GPS network with connection to the Brazilian Altimetric Fundamental Network, which carry information of both ellipsoidal height and normal-orthometric height, throughout the whole already mentioned region. As a main result, it is possible to confirm the superior performance of the GGM GOCO05C compared to the other combined models tested when all are developed up to grade 720, its maximum degree, and its theoretical equality when all are used at their individual maximum degrees. This reaffirms its position as an exponent in the history of the development of combined models, with a view to the wide dissemination of its results and the potentiality of its use.