Reliable power from renewable energy sources have become very important in today's energy scenario mainly due to the shortage of fossil fuels. Wind energy is one of the promising renewable energy sources for the future. But the fluctuating nature of wind introduces power quality issues like harmonics and deviations in voltage waveform in the grid, which in turn affects the stability of the entire grid. Another issue is that power system grid is a nonlinear and dynamic system which requires ample generation of real and reactive power to supply its loads , consumer and losses in the system. when the generation of real and reactive power is insufficient to meet its load and losses, it may not provide reliable and stable power supply. Increased demand may be satisfied without changing the existing power system infrastructure with the help of FACTS devices. This paper aims at reducing the power quality issues using STATCOM along with a controller. STATCOM is connected at the Point of Common Coupling (PCC) where the wind energy system is connected to the grid. The distortions in the waveform are reduced by the proper switching of the semiconductor devices of the STATCOM. The switching is controlled using a PI controller with space vector modulation (SVPWM). The gains of the PI controller are tuned using (Particle Swarm Optimisation Technique (PSO). The power quality is then analyzed with Total Harmonics Distortion (THD) as the main performance measure for which the system is simulated in SIMULINK/MATLAB. To analyze the performance, parameters like real power, reactive power, voltage and THD are evaluated at PCC. The THD of the proposed system is found to be 4.78% which is within IEEE std 519-1992 standards. It is found that the performance of the PSO controller connected wind energy conversion system is improved compared to the system without PSO. Keywords-STATCOM, PSO, Grid Connected, Wind energy, SVPWM, FACTS, THD


The author explores the art and the science of acting in improvisational theater and how it relates to the unscripted critical moments in negotiation. Without any preparation, actors negotiate a scene through a series of offers and beats that builds to a comic crescendo and ends with a slapstick solution that delivers laughs, solidifies relationships, and keeps them coming back for more. The actor/author shows how, by actively listening, reading the cues of the performers, offering a clear point of view with a positive 'yes, and' perspective, and working together, the scene can evolve into an event that exceeds expectations and makes the most of each critical moment.


The hub of this paper to study the effect resonance frequency of piezoelectric MEMS. The modeling and characterization of piezoelectric resonator using COMSOL Multiphysics. An investigative relation was developed based on the shift in resonance frequency caused by the addition of a different material on the PZT. The theoretical analysis is done with a user-friendly SPICE Circuit Editor interface constructed for easy introduction of design dimensions , material parameter values and force signal stimuli. A piezoelectic device can actutate a cantniliver beam simply by applying an AC voltage over the device.The cantilever beam itself has resonant modes that causes peaks in vibrations when the frequency of applied voltage passes the resonance frequency of each mode .If another piezoelectric device is attached to the cantilever, it is possible to tune the resonance by connecting that device to a passive external circuit.In this model, different materials are used for designing o tunable actuator. We have observed the graph between displacement and frequency of various materials. And the best material found from analysis is Lead Zirconate Titanate. This model investigates how the external circuit influence the resonance peaks of cantilever beam and also improve the quality. Keyword— MEMS, Piezoelectric effect, Lead Zirconate Titanate(PZT-5A),Resonance,COMSOL,Tunable,deformation


According to the need of saving core resources in digital forms,the movement control principle and hardware structure of portable image acquisition system based on FPGA is researched in the paper.The beeline movement control is realized by FPGA measuring grating signal,the core circumgyrate movement control is realized by FPGA chip.The experiment shows the correctness of the system design,which provides a reliable basis for consequent core image analysis.


An image transmission system for transmitting an image which has been divided into a plurality of pixel blocks has a transmitting device and a receiving device. The transmitting device includes an information source encoder for dividing an image to be transmitted into a plurality of pixel blocks in an original arrangement, a pixel block dispersing unit for arranging the pixel blocks of the image according to predetermined rules, and a modulator for successively modulating and transmitting the rearranged blocks. The receiving device includes a demodulator for successively receiving and demodulating the blocks transmitted from the modulator, a pixel block rearranging unit for rearranging the received blocks of the image back into the original arrangement according to the predetermined rules, an information source decoder for decoding the pixel blocks, and a pixel data interpolator....


The Baghu gold deposit, hosted by a granitoid stock as well as volcanic rocks, is located in Northern Iran. The igneous rocks consist of granodiorite and granite as well as volcanic rocks, such as basaltic andesite and andesite, which are cut by dioritic dykes. The igneous rocks have metaluminous, high K calc‐alkaline, and island‐arc signatures, characterized by enrichment in large‐ion lithophile elements (LILEs) and depletion in high‐field‐strength elements (HFSEs). Zircon separates yield U–Pb ages of 47, 43, and 38 Ma for the volcanics, granitoid rocks, and dyke, respectively, indicating that the magmatism associated with gold–copper mineralization occurred during the Eocene. The low Ba/Th, Th/Nb, Ba/La, and Th/Yb ratios in igneous rocks indicate that their mantle source was not likely modified by subduction activity. A comparison of La/Sm against La (ppm), similar Th/Nb and Th/Yb, and average (La/Yb)n ratios to the crust and lower continental crust (LCC) suggests that the magmatism in the Baghu was likely associated with partial melting of juvenile lower crust, induced by north‐westward subduction of the Neo‐Tethys oceanic lithosphere in an extensional setting.


PURPOSE: to verify the contribution of maternal age, parity, twin pregnancy, hypertensive syndrome, and premature rupture of membranes as risk factors for cesarean section. METHODS: after approval by the Ethics in Research Committee of the "Maternidade Professor Monteiro de Morais" - Recife, PE - Brazil, for a case control study, the authors analyzed data from 3919 pregnant women, without two or more prior cesarean sections, who gave birth to alive newborns with gestational age equal to or more than 28 weeks, weighing at least 1,000 g, on cephalic presentation, from September 1, 1999 to August 31, 2000. The case group included women submitted to cesarean section and the control group included women submitted to vaginal delivery. With the data collected from obstetric and neonatal reports, the authors performed multivariate analysis by logistic regression to determine a mathematical equation that associates cesarean probability due to more than one independent variable acting as risk factor, determining odds ratio with a confidence interval of 95% (95% CI), for the variables: maternal age, parity, twin pregnancy, hypertensive syndrome, and premature rupture of membranes. RESULTS: the chances for cesarean section significantly increased 8.3 times in twin pregnancy (OR = 8.3; 95% CI: 3.7-19.1), 3.4 in hypertensive syndrome (OR = 3.4; 95% CI: 2.9-4.0), 1.9 in primiparity (OR = 1.9; 95% CI: 1.8-2.0), 1.5 in maternal age over 34 years (OR = 1.5; 95% CI: 1.2-1.8), and 1.2 in the presence of premature rupture of membranes (OR = 1.2; 95 %CI: 1.0-1.4). CONCLUSIONS: the risk for cesarean section was greater in the presence of premature rupture of membranes, maternal age greater than 34 years, primiparity, hypertensive syndrome, and twin pregnancy.


According to the characteristics of top coal caving in No.6up shallow depth seam, using experience analogy, theoretical calculations, numerical simulation, and like the methods, to study and analyze the rational hydraulic support, finally adopted the ZF10000/27/42 type hydraulic support, which is confirmed to meet the applicable requirements of roof control in shallow depth seam by the frequency distribution histograms based on mineral pressure observation.


The poem in prose "Summer of the Lord" is the pinnacle of I.S. Shmelev´s creativity. The author shares his church-going childhood experience, religious life in an Orthodox family. The piece was written in emigration, when the author was at a mature age. It contains detail descriptions of Orthodox holidays, customs and practices of his family. Thus, it can be argued that the work is based on IS Shmelev´s personal religious experiences. The basis of this statement is the analysis of the three sources of Shmelev´s religiosity: education in the Orthodox family, marriage with a church-going woman and deeply religious attitude towards the excesses of revolution, including his son´s death at the hands of the revolutionaries. Possibly a personal religiosity allowed him deeply to reveal the beauty of tradition Orthodox holidays, family customs and practices.


in suchnationalcalamitiesas famines, typhoonsand earthquakes; the society has also helped' to stem the ravages of such diseasesas leprosy, tuberculosisand yellow fever. We also know that today, when the red cross on the white ground is not respected by the enemy, the Red Cross Society is doing quiet and invaluable work, appreciated in many an Australian home, in regard to prisoners of war, discovering their whereabouts, sending parcels to them and putting them into communication with their relatives. Surely no object is so worthy of help as the Red Cross Society, none more deservingof self-sacrifice. The work will be neededuntil the healingof the nations is complete. In the words of the book: "So long as there is darkness and dawn in the heavens,peaceand war on earth, human ills to heal and human tears to dry ... so long will the story of the Red Cross be told." Every person can help in his or her own way; -none is too young, too frail, too poor, too old to help. In the front of the Australian Red Cross Society's book is a schematic representationof a tree; the trunk springing from faith, hope and love is rooted in justice, mercy, patience, understanding, generosity, impartiality and tolerance. From the trunk every branch of Red Cross service is shown to spring, and beneath is the legend: "Deeply rooted in the past, the tree that ultimately flowered in Geneva has been wateredthrough the centuriesby the ever welling springs of human compassion." Above are words taken from the book of The Revelation: "... And the leaves of the tree were for the healing of the nations-andthere shall be no more curse." We can all help to keep this tree alive.


The process of carrying out tasks by the forces of the National Guard of Ukraine (NGU) in the sphere of state security, namely, the protection of public order and the fight against crime, has a versatile, multifaceted nature. At the same time, the environment in which these tasks are performed is often unpredictable and unpredictable in its development. In accordance with the legislation of Ukraine, a state system of civil defense was created to eliminate the consequences of emergency situations, in which the NGU is a part of the forces. Modes of functioning of NGUs in the sphere of state security, in particular, management bodies should be considered from the point of view of the occurrence of all emergency situations in accordance with the defined classification in the state. Depending on the scale and characteristics of emergency situations that are predicted or have arisen, the following modes of operation may be established for the management bodies of NGU at all levels: the mode of everyday operation, the mode of heightened readiness, the mode of operation under conditions of emergency situations, the mode of operation under conditions of a state of emergency, the mode of operation under martial law. The main factors that influence the activities of the NGU forces are described. In each mode, special additional tasks are assigned to the NGU as part of the group of security forces and defense forces. On the basis of the defined modes of operation of the NGU, it becomes possible to give a detailed description of the management modes. On the basis of the above, the article substantiates the NGU activity modes' characteristics in the sphere of state security.


Abstract Focus group analysis, a qualitative research method involving group interviews, was used to explore resident physicians' experiences with older patients. Content analyses of three groups of resident physicians from five residency programs in an urban community identified several important themes in regard to caring for older patients and revealed strong emotional responses to caring for older patients. Implications for designing improved geriatrics curricula are presented. Residents emphasized the need for additional training in communication skills as well as broadening the scope of settings where geriatric education takes place. It is recommended that similar studies be conducted at other medical centers in order to better inform revisions in geriatric education.


The hole-mediated Curie temperature in Mn-doped wurtzite ZnO nanowires is investigated using the k center dot p method and mean field model. The Curie temperature T-C as a function of the hole density has many peaks for small Mn concentration (x(eff)) due to the density of states of one-dimensional quantum wires. The peaks of T-C are merged by the carriers' thermal distribution when x(eff) is large. High Curie temperature T-C > 400 K is found in (Zn,Mn)O nanowires. A transverse electric field changes the Curie temperature a lot. (Zn,Mn)O nanowires can be tuned from ferromagnetic to paramagnetic by a transverse electric field at room temperature. (c) 2007 American Institute of Physics.


In the last ten years, the Serbian gas boiler market has been intensively developing. Along with the increase in demand, the number of present brands increased, as well as the number of distributors who were engaged in the placement of products. Competition has become sharper, and only those distributors who had an efficient marketing mix could have a competitive advantage and provide survival on the Serbian market. In order to explore the importance of individual marketing mix instruments in placement of gas boilers in Serbia, authors preliminarily interviewed customers, experts - technical persons, sales managers, as well, who may well know this very complex problem. The research was based on a research hypothesis that reads: Efficient marketing channels represent a key factor for achieving competitive advantage in the Serbian gas boiler market. After field research, the collected data are processed by using appropriate methodology and the results of the survey confirmed the research hypothesis.


(2003). A Picture Really Is Worth a Thousand Words or How to Market the Medical Library Using Bulletin Boards and Posters. Journal of Hospital Librarianship: Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 89-92.


The article describes a new method which increases radiation heat transfer of furnace
refractory linings. The method, which is the application of a high emissivity coating,
results partly in energy savings, partly increases gas tightness and life span of the lining.
As heating time is decreased, the method also makes the operation of the furnace more
flexible. Application of ENECOAT furnace coating increases the emissivity of ceramic
fibre insulations by 45 %, while that of shamotte by 20 %. The phenomenon is illustrated
by infrared thermograms. Industrial applications are also referred to.


Strengthening the construction of assistant system in universities is the important institutional guarantee for strengthening and improving the ideological and political education of university students and also for maintaining the university stability.At the present time,there exist the following four problems in the construction of assistant system: error of understanding,unclarity of duty,deviation of institution and deficient of mechanism.This article offers suggestions on strengthening construction of assistant system at the levels of province and city,university and assistant.


The influence of nanoscale helium bubbles on the deformation twinning and detwinning behavior of submicron‐sized Cu is investigated under tension, compression, and cyclic loading. In situ nanomechanical tests performed inside a transmission electron microscope reveal that twinning and detwinning occur readily in helium irradiated copper under both tension and compression. Continuous shearing of helium bubbles by Shockley partials leads to twin formation, whereas the residual back‐stress accumulated from dislocation‐bubble interactions assist in detwinning. These interactions also elevate the critical shear stress for partial dislocation slip in helium irradiated Cu compared to that in fully dense Cu. The growth twin boundaries can significantly enhance the twinning stress in helium irradiated Cu pillar, and deformation twin‐growth twin boundary interaction promotes the formation of internal crack and thus accelerates failure. The effect of crystallographic orientation and sample size on the overall deformation characteristics of helium irradiated Cu is briefly discussed. The current studies show that deformation twinning and detwinning are also active deformation models in helium irradiated small‐volume copper.


In this paper, behavior of defect mode in ternary one-dimensional photonic crystal (MgF2/Ag/TiO2)LiNbO3(TiO2/Ag/MgF2) photonic crystal, under applied external electric voltage is investigated. The defect layer, LiNbO3, is an electro-optical material which its refractive index is voltage dependent. In comparison, MgF2 and TiO2 have very low electro-optical coefficients. Therefore, by applying voltage from the Ag layers, the refractive index of the defect layer in direction of propagation and accordingly, the optical path length of the ray passing through the structure will be changed, so, the position of the defect mode will also shift. This structure can be employed to design a tunable all-optical filter.


While sea spray can significantly impact air–sea heat fluxes, the effect of spray produced by the interaction of wind and waves is not explicitly addressed in current operational numerical models. In the present work, the thermal effects of the sea spray were investigated for an idealized tropical cyclone (TC) through the implementation of different sea spray models into a coupled air–sea–wave numerical system. Wave-Reynolds-dependent and wave-steepness-dependent sea spray models were applied to test the sensitivity of local wind, wave, and ocean fields of this TC system. Results show that while the sensible heat fluxes decreased by up to 231 W m−2 (364%) and 159 W m−2 (251%), the latent heat fluxes increased by up to 359 W m−2 (89%) and 263 W m−2 (76%) in the simulation period, respectively. This results in an increase of the total heat fluxes by up to 135 W m−2 (32%) and 123 W m−2 (30%), respectively. Based on different sea spray models, sea spray decreases the minimum sea level pressure by up to 7 hPa (0.7%) and 8 hPa (0.8%), the maximum wind speed increases by up to 6.1 m s−1 (20%) and 5.7 m s−1 (19%), the maximum significant wave height increases by up to 1.1 m (17%) and 1.6 m (25%), and the minimum sea surface temperature decreases by up to 0.2 °C (0.8%) and 0.15 °C (0.6%), respectively. As the spray has such significant impacts on atmospheric and oceanic environments, it needs to be included in TC forecasting models.


Intellectual economy is a molding based on knowledge, in which knowledge is the first impetus for the development of economy. Its generation and development certainly arouse the changes of administrative legislation conception. So, on the base of rational analysis and scientific grasp of the common characters and laws of intellectual economy, establish the administrative legislation conceptions, such as standard power,democracy, scientism, globalization and sustainable development, and provide conception guidance and theory supports for construction of administrative legislation in intellectual economy times.


PT. Behaestex have had Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) that treatment processes
consist of physics-chemical treatment and activated sludge biological treatment. Effluent of
WWTP have appropriated for waste water standard according to decision letter of East Java
Governor No. 45 in 2002's, except colour parameter. Effluent of WWTP still have high colour
content. Another problem is effluent from physics-chemical treatment still have high pH and
temperature. The temperature range is in 35 to 45°C and pH range is in 10 to 11. Optimalization
of PT. Behaestex WWTP was done aiming to reduce colour content in wastewater, adjusted to
neutral pH between 6,5 to 7,5 and reducing temperature to be less than 30°C. Optimalization
that can be done are optimizing coagulation-floculation unit with determination the dosage of
coagulant that effective to reduce colour content. Result of optimalization indicated that the most
effective coagulant to reduce colour content is ferrous sulfate with 500-6000 mg/l dosage. The
type of Cooling tower to be used is induced draft crossflow cooling tower and pH adjustment
with sulfate acid 98% with total requirement 35,8 L/day.
Key Words : Reducing Colour Content, Coagulation-Floculation, Cooling Tower, pH
Adjustment


Measurements of any kind are characterized on one hand by their uncertainty due to modeling and measurement errors. Unfortunately for several reasons this characterization is not easy and requires further (human and/or machine based) considerations and intensive computing. As an alternative measurements are characterized also by their accuracy which can be improved also at the price of further data acquisition and computation. All these computations require time and therefore additional requirements like speed, costs, etc. may strongly limit the system designer in achieving the specified precision. Moreover the complexity of the measurement problems of current interest has considerably increased. Recent advances in time-critical computing and new modeling techniques provide promising tools to meet these requirements. Due to some of their features hereafter these techniques will be referred as "soft" computational methods. For a system engineer the most important knowledge is when and how to apply such new tools, what are the decisions not covered by the theory and how to characterize the final results. Based on the analysis of some measurement problems the authors discuss these questions and point out that the importance of these "soft" calculations is much higher than anticipated. The investigations are followed by an example demonstrating the application of fuzzy logic to a particular measurement problem.


Being established of self-confidence is significant to trigger academic motivation,in control of the behavior and the process of study,and finally to face the outcome in peace.For various causes,senior vocational students apparently lack self-confidence in academic study in comparison with full-time students.With help of revealing the connotation of confidence of study,and employing effective strategies are the keys to promote the confidence of academic study for professional students.


Let $Ax=b$ be a linear system where $A$ is a symmetric positive definite matrix. Preconditioners for the conjugate gradient method based on multisplittings obtained by incomplete Choleski factorizations of $A$ are studied. The validity of these preconditioners when $A$ is an $M$-matrix is proved and a parallel implementation is presented.


This study was conducted to help English teacher candidates maximize their efforts to develop critical thinking skills through an Extensive Reading (ER) program. There were forty research participants, from 18 to 21 years age range, in their fourth semester of undergraduate study in English Education Department. The main instrument to collect the data was a test in Critical Thinking, which was given before and after the program. The students were also asked to share their perception about the program after it ended by writing a reflection. During the ER program, the students practiced exercising their critical thinking skills in the post-ER activities which integrated all the four language skills. They needed to demonstrate their critical thinking as a required part of the assessment to provide evidence for their ER activities. Findings from the Critical Thinking test indicate improvement in the students' critical thinking skills after the program. They also had positive perceptions of the activities and assessment in the program, which they thought to have positive influence on their critical thinking. All these imply the potential of integrating the development of critical thinking skills in an ER program.


Traditional macroeconomics is taught based on teacher-leaded explanation on theories, analysis and illustration on models and curves. Students are studying passively with low participation and poor efficiency in class. Our work explores mathematical induction in macroeconomics education aiming at abstractive theory and passively studying in economics class. In this paper, application of mathematical induction in teaching IS curve theory is used as an example to demonstrate issues existed in teaching IS curve. In addition, focusing on those issues, we design corresponding in-class questions and processes by following the concept of mathematical induction, as well as different education goals on different problems. And finally we discuss both pros and cons of such method applied to IS curve teaching.


Two new species of Calliandra are described from the Chapada Diamantina, state of Bahia, eastern Brazil. Calliandra geraisensis E.R. Souza & L.P. Queiroz is related to C. calycina Benth. but it differs in its depauperate habit, distichous leaves and absence of glandular trichomes on the perianth. Calliandra imbricata E.R. Souza & L.P. Queiroz is a shrubby plant similar to C. erubescens Renvoize from which it differs by having the leaves with more pinnae and more leaflets and by its red stamens. Both species occur in the mountains of the Chapada Diamantina region and are narrow endemics from a small area near the town of Piata.


In this paper, we characterize the recent evolution of the geographic distribution of educated elites, and study its implications for development inequality. Assuming continuation of recent educational policies, we then produce integrated projections of income, population, urbanization and human capital for the 21st century. For 179 countries, we parameterize a two-sector, two-class model that endogenizes knowledge accumulation, population growth, labor mobility, and income disparities across countries and across regions/sectors (agriculture vs nonagriculture). We show that the geography of educated elites matters for development, whatever the size of technological externalities. Disparities in access to education and internal mobility frictions explain a large fraction of income disparities between countries, while the effect of international migration is small. As a proof of concept, the model predictions are in line with official socio-demographic projections. Population, human capital, urbanization and income inequality prospects are highly robust to technological externalities and to future immigration policies. However, they are highly sensitive to future education policies and to internal mobility costs, suggesting that policies targeting access to all levels of education, education quality and sustainable urban development are vital to reduce the demographic pressure and global inequality in the long-run. JEL codes: E24, J24, O15.


This investigation was carried out at Dokki protected cultivation experimental site, Central Laboratory for Agricultural Climate (CLAC), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation; to study the effect of different polyethylene colors mulch and organic mulch "rice straw" on the growth as well as yield and its quality of the two types of vegetable crops (tomato and lettuce). Lettuce crop was used as a model for leafy crops. Tomato crop was used as a model for fruity crops. Seedlings of tomato cv. Super strain B were transplanted in 1 st of September 2015 and 2016. Lettuce seedlings cv. Iceberg was transplanted at 5 th of October 2015 and 2016. Different plant parameters: vegetative growth parameters (number of branches/plant, plant height, number of leaves per plant, stem diameter, plant fresh weight and plant dry weight); nutrients content (nitrogen, Phosphorous, potassium) and total yield and its content from total soluble solids and ascorbic acid were measured. The soil temperature during the experiment was recorded. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with three replications. Tomato: All measured parameters of tomato yield were significantly enhanced by using the green mulch and recorded the highest significant values, compared to other colors and the organic mulch during both experimental seasons. Lettuce: All measured parameters of lettuce yield were significantly enhanced by using the red mulch and recorded the highest significant values, compared to other colors and the organic mulch during both experimental seasons. In addition, using green and red mulches achieved the highest net return of tomato and lettuce crops, respectively. Manal M. H. Gad EL-Moula, Ihab I. Sadek*, Fatma


Image registration refers to finding a geometrical transformation that correspond any point from one image to its homologous on the other image. There are several similarity measures that are classified in two groups based on features and intensity. In medical imaging, accuracy of registration algorithm is important. Since intensity-based methods, are more accurate than feature based ones, we select intensity-based registration; But intensity based methods usually need to global or local similarity measure optimization. Due to large search space, global methods optimization is time-consuming and when image irregularities are large, local methods cannot reach to an optimum amount. Despite these challenges, we found that learning based methods can be an appropriate policy to overcome these problems. Accordingly, in this paper, instead of using a fixed similarity measure, learning based similarity measure methods will present. Using the presented approaches in this paper can have been an effective role in analyzing and evaluating multi modal medical image registration and will increase three main functional measures – accuracy, speed and robustness – in medical image registration.


As computer hardware becomes more powerfull, increasingly large artificial neural networks will become feasible. There will be no limit to the size of the networks, in principle, and it will become increasingly difficult to design them and understand their internal operation. That is why it is very important to find design methods that are scalable to large network sizes. In this chapter we describe our explorations into a new scalable method for the construction of good neural network architecture for a given task. Reverse-engineering the only example available, the evolution of our own brains, we have combined several ideas from evolution, embryology, neurology, and theoretical psychology. The method we describe in this chapter allows the coding of large modular artificial neural network architectures while restricting the search space of the genetic algorithm that is used for the optimization. This done by using a scalable, recipe-like coding (as opposed to a blueprint-like coding). Currently, it is still very time-consuming to train artificial neural networks, which has to be done many times in our method to establish their evolutionary fitness. Therefore, we are working on all kinds of improvements to accelerate the process. In this chapter we will describe some new techniques that can make architectural improvements to a given artificial neural network during their fitness evaluation. These techniques can speed-up and improve the evolutionary search for good network architectures, an effect that has become known as the 'Baldwin effect'.


Objective To investigale the efficacy of TP regimen plus Huachansu injection in the treatment of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer.Methods 64 patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer were divided into TP regimen plus Huachansu injection group and TP alone group.TP regimen was the same in both groups,which included taxotere 75 mg/m2,d1,and DDP 25 mg/(m2·d),d1~d3.Patients in the combined treatment group also received Huachansu 20 mL,d1~d28.Results The response rate was 53.1%(17/32) and 40.6%(13/32),which was not significantly different.The clinical benefit rate(CR+PR+SD) of two groups was 87.5% and 68.8%,which was significantly different in favor of the combined treatment(P0.05).Pain relief,improvement of KPS,and weight gain were significantly better in the combined group.Conclusion TP combined with Huachansu injection is better than TP alone in the treatment of patients with advanced non small cell lung cancer.


The theory of Intensity-Dependent Spread functions (IDS) is a model of the human visual system. The motivation behind IDS is to balance resolution and reliability. The system does this, but it also predicts many phenomena in human vision. IDS is a nonlinear, adaptive system that enhances edges, nonlinearly compresses dynamic ranges and automatically adjusts to local variations in intensity. It has a single free parameter, uses only additions in its on-line calculations and can be performed on a parallel processor. Another property of the system is that for inputs with only two intensities, e.g. disks, square waves and step edges, the output reduces exactly to one plus the convolution of the input with a bandpass filter whose passband is determined by the two intensities. For a Gaussian spread function the transfer function becomes the Difference-of-Gaussians (DoG) filter but the bandwidth set automatically by the input intensities. This paper demonstrates how IDS can be used for digital image enhancement. There is an artificial image that illustrates the characteristics of IDS processing and shows how the theoretical results translate into visual effects. There are also several realistic scenes that have been enhanced by IDS.


The articles in this special issue give a flavor of the overall theme 'Knowing development, developing knowledge', the title of the second Nordic Conference for Development Research held in Finland in November 2013. The conference provided a meeting place for different epistemic communities revolving around 'development'. Nearly 300 academics, policy-makers, non-governmental organization-practitioners and consultants gathered to address the dilemmas of knowledge production in and for development. Thus, the conference itself manifested, as well as analyzed, the elements of knowledge encounters in development (cf. Long, 2001). These encounters included those between different academic disciplines, research and policy, theory and practice, different knowledges, and between the perceived North and South, to mention a few. This special issue offers a small selection of over 150 papers presented at the conference: 6 original research articles examine knowledge in development from different angles (Ahmad, Benjaminsen, Daniel, Jerstad, Käkönen et al., Maasilta and Haavisto), one more policy-oriented article (Linden) analyzes the collaboration between researchers and development policy decision-making, and 5 shorter debate articles (Chambers, Hyden, Mosse, Ndidde, and Richey) feature the invited keynotes of the conference. Knowledge is among the most pertinent issues in development research. Unquestionably, the development research itself is an effort of producing knowledge considered relevant to the phenomena under the umbrella of 'development' (see Mosse, this issue). Being a multidisciplinary endeavor, development research has not been left untouched by the 'paradigm wars' (Snow, 1959) between sciences and humanities in general, and between social sciences and economics in particular. Taken the complexity of 'development', its knowledge production over history has encountered demands to cover a variety of levels, ranging from detailed analysis of the local processes to global phenomena, from actors to structures (Hydén, this issue). Consequently, the palette of theoretical frameworks, methodological approaches, and issues considered relevant is comprehensive. The need of combining several methods for the sake of triangulation (Ahmed, this issue) resonating with the so-called mixed methods approach is prevalent also in the development research. Moreover, the knowledge in development tends to translate into policy and interventionist


Human beings always look for concern and consideration from others. The desire for empathy persists in every individual throughout his/her life. This need for empathy intensifies at times when a person is facing some difficulty. Whenever a person is having any problem, he/she expects people to empathize with him. This is very much true in case of patients. Whenever a person visits a hospital with any kind of illness, he/she expects the doctors, nurses and even the support staff to show care and concern towards him/her or rather empathize with him/her. Even a slightest feeling of lack of empathy may cause great dissatisfaction to patients. So the present paper tries to identify the most crucial factors impacting the satisfaction of patients with the empathy of staff members at government hospitals in Kerala. Factor analysis of the data collected from 240 patients across various government hospitals, through field survey, indicated that 'patience, care and concern of doctors and nurses' and 'doctors' interest in patients and the comfort provided by them were the vital factors impacting patients' satisfaction with empathy of staff members. Regression analysis indicated that there existed difference in perception of male and female patients regarding these factors.


In the present study we investigated whether synthetic agonists of the nociceptin (NOP) receptors, Ro 64-6198 {(1S,3aS)-8-(2,3,3a,4,5,6-hexahydro-1H-phenalen-1-yl)-1phenyl-1,3,8-triaza-spiro[4,5]decan-4-one} and Ro 65-6570 (8-acenaphthen-1-yl-1-phenyl-1,3,8-triaza-spiro[4.5] decan-4-one), influence the expression of sensitization to the locomotor stimulant effect of morphine in mice. Sensitization was produced by five repeated administrations of morphine (10mg/kg, s.c.) at 3-day intervals. Seven days after the last morphine injection, Ro 64-6198 (1 and 3mg/kg, i.p.) and Ro 65-6570 (3 and 6mg/kg, i.p.) were given immediately before the challenge dose of morphine (10mg/kg, s.c.). Both substances inhibited the expression of sensitization to the locomotor stimulant action of morphine. However, the selective NOP receptor antagonist, [Nphe]NC(1-13)NH2 (30 nmol, i.c.v.) did not reverse the inhibitory effect of the Ro-compounds. Therefore, our results suggest that the NOP receptor may not be critical for the influence of Ro-compounds on the morphine-induced sensitization, or the observed effect may be attributed to one functional subset of this receptor, stimulation of which is not blocked by [Nphe]NC (1-13)NH2. Behavioural Pharmacology 16:101–106 c 2005 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.


Rhythmic descriptors are often utilized for semantic music classification, such as genre recognition or tempo detection. Several algorithms dealing with the extraction of rhythmic information from music signals were proposed in literature. Most of them derive a so-called beat histogram by auto-correlating a representation of the temporal envelope of the music signal. To circumvent the problem of tempo dependency, post-processing via higher-order statistics has been reported. Tests concluded, that these statistics are still tempo dependent to a certain extent. This paper describes a method, which transforms the original auto-correlated envelope into a tempo-independent rhythmic feature vector by multiplying the lag-axis with a stretch factor. This factor is computed with a new correlation technique which works in the logarithmic domain. The proposed method is evaluated for rhythmic similarity, consisting of two tasks: One test with manually created rhythms as proof of concept and another test using a large realworld music archive.


Various methods are described for the elimination of infectious viruses from activated prothrombin complex concentrates (aPCCs) and for the analysis of the final products (AUTOPLEX® T and FEIBA® VH). Viruses of concern in human plasma‐derived products are enveloped (hepatitis B and C, cytomegalovirus, Epstein–Barr virus, and human immunodeficiency virus [HIV]) and nonenveloped (hepatitis A and parvovirus B19). Donated blood used for AUTOPLEX® T is screened for antihepatitis C, HBsAg, anti‐HIV types 1 and 2, and p24 antigen. Plasma pools utilized for raw materials are also tested by PCR for HIV and hepatitis C virus. Partial virus inactivation and partitioning are achieved by purification of the aPCC. Further reduction of virus infectivity is accomplished by lyophilization and dry‐heat treatment. Each step undergoes virus elimination validation studies in which a relevant sample is 'spiked' with the appropriate virus or model virus. The total reduction in virus from raw material to final product can then be calculated. For AUTOPLEX® T the cumulative log10 reduction factors for several viruses vary from 4.2 to 14.3. This ensures an exceptionally high margin of safety. Definitive evidence for product safety was obtained by clinical observation of treated patients. The viral inactivation process of AUTOPLEX® T involves a four‐tier viral safety program, including Cohn alcohol fractionation and dry‐heat treatment, in place of the two‐stage vapour‐heating process for FEIBA®.


Routine metabolism of the euryhaline cyprinodontid Cyprinodon variegatus Lacepede was measured at a series of ambient salinities ranging from fresh water through 100‰. Fish used had been sequentially acclimated to the test salinities (ambient temperature of 20±1° C and a 12: 12 L: D schedule).

Routine metabolic rates were highest at ambient salinities from 15 to 50‰. Metabolism was somewhat lower at ambient salinities less than 15‰, and showed a sequential decline at ambient salinities greater than 50‰. It is suggested that routine metabolism is depressed at elevated salinities by reduced O, transfer, a consequence of maintenance of hydromineral balance in hypersaline waters.


Since 1975 bar codes on products at the retail counter have been accepted as the standard for entering product identity for price determination. Since the beginning of the 21st century, the Data Matrix symbol has become accepted as the bar code format that is marked directly on a part, assembly or product that is durable enough to identify that item for its lifetime. NASA began the studies for direct part marking Data Matrix symbols on parts during the Return to Flight activities after the Challenger Accident. Over the 20 year period that has elapsed since Challenger, a mountain of studies, analyses and focused problem solutions developed by and for NASA have brought about world changing results. NASA Technical Standard 6002 and NASA Handbook 6003 for Direct Part Marking Data Matrix Symbols on Aerospace Parts have formed the basis for most other standards on part marking internationally. NASA and its commercial partners have developed numerous products and methods that addressed the difficulties of collecting part identification in aerospace operations. These products enabled the marking of Data Matrix symbols in virtually every situation and the reading of symbols at great distances, severe angles, under paint and in the dark without a light. Even unmarkable delicate parts now have a process to apply a chemical mixture called NanocodesTM that can be converted to a Data Matrix. The accompanying intellectual property is protected by 10 patents, several of which are licensed. Direct marking Data Matrix on NASA parts virtually eliminates data entry errors and the number of parts that go through their life cycle unmarked, two major threats to sound configuration management and flight safety. NASA is said to only have people and stuff with information connecting them. Data Matrix is one of the most significant improvements since Challenger to the safety and reliability of that connection. This presentation highlights the accomplishments of NASA in its efforts to develop technologies for automatic identification, its efforts to implement them and its vision on their role in space.


Although cast bronze vessels of the 6th–8th centuries are not recorded in particularly large numbers, their production and distribution provide a representative sample of the general economic trends and of the evolution of trade networks in the post-Roman Mediterranean.
The geographical dissemination of these objects shows that at the turn of the 6th century, the northern Adriatic region became the main gateway of 'eastern-style' vessels into Central Europe and the Western Mediterranean. The region was thus replacing the Rome area as the main Western hub for redistributing this type of object. From the northern Adriatic area, several types of vessels were distributed both over land along the Po and Rhine valleys and through maritime routes connecting the Adriatic with Carthage and the Spanish Levant.
The intrinsic features and the depositional contexts of the post-Roman cast bronze vessels suggest that they were manufactured according to different quality standards, which targeted different social milieus. Furthermore, mapping the distribution of the different quality standards reveals that each of them might have been distributed by different networks of merchants and unveils the impact of transportation costs on the final price of these products.


A cylindrical-lensed optical fiber is used for single-mode fiber coupling for 980-nm pump lasers. This paper proposes a new machining method for the cylindrical-lensed end of an optical fiber. The method uses the bending force of the optical fiber which has homogeneous elasticity characteristics. An analysis of the cylindrical-lens machining process reveal the influence of fiber holding angles and slope angles of the polishing plane. Experiments indicate that cylindrical lenses with a curvature radius of 3 to 5 μm can be made with good precision.


Straight Choices is an excellent book on psychology of decision making. It offers an innovative approach on how to understand judgments and decisions. For the authors, the investigation of the processes that occur before making a decision or a judgment is essential to determine how well people make decisions or judgments. A choice is part of a cycle of processes that includes the following: (i) discovering cues that would help in making a choice; (ii) acquiring cue information; (iii) combining this information to make a final choice; and (iv) incorporating information provided by the environment, relative to that choice (i.e. feedback). The number of times we are exposed to decision‐making situations of a similar type and the quality of feedback we receive from the environment are what explain individual differences in preferences and in accuracy of judgments...


S Background: Periodontal disease is one of the two major dental diseases that affect human populations worldwide at high prevalence rates. Although it is primarily caused by bacterial plaque, its incidence and severity is modified by an individual's inflammatory response, systemic health, and various local factors that predispose to plaque accumulation. The correlation between some systemic disease and ABO blood group is well documented in the literature, little investigations has been made to explore the relationships between ABO blood groups and the incidence of oral and dental diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between ABO blood group and periodontal disease prevalence and severity among Nepalese adults. Materials and Methods: A total of 553 systemically healthy patients aged between 20 to 65 years were selected. Details of medical history, probing pocket depth (PD), loss of clinical attachment level (CAL) and number of missing teeth were recorded. Results: A relatively higher percentage of blood group B and O patients have greater proving pocket depth (4.09 mm and 3.45 mm) and clinical attachment level (2.42 mm and 1.50 mm). Similarly Probing pocket depth and loss of clinical attachment level was significantly higher among Rhesus positive groups when compared with Rhesus negative groups (p= 0.000). Conclusion: Significant correlation between the prevalence and severity of periodontal disease and blood groups existed in this study. This broad correlation between periodontal disease and ABO blood group points toward the susceptibility of subjects with certain blood groups to periodontal disease. However, long-term studies with greater sample size are required to make more comprehensive assessment of this association.


Effect of Ca(NO_(3))_(2)·4H_(2)O on growth and development and photosynthetic pigmentcontent of cucumber seedling swere studied. The results showed that, the plant heght and leaf area decreased, the content of photosynthetic pigment increased firstly and then decreased when Ca(NO_(3))_(2)·4H_(2)O increased. Photosynthetic pigment content was the highest in the middle leaf and lowest in the basic leaf.


In the following we briefly analyze and compare voice of the different races of Common Bush-tanager (Chlorospingus ophthalmicus). We also try to quantify the extent of any vocal differences using the criteria proposed by Tobias et al. (2010), as a support for taxonomic review. We have made use of sound recordings available on-line from Xeno Canto (XC) and Macaulay Library (ML). With 26 subspecies this is clearly a very complex case. An overview of vocalizations illustrated with sonograms: 1. Northern group (characterized by lacking a specific dawn song) Chlorospingus (ophthalmicus) ophthalmicus (Brown-headed Bush-tanager) Long call or song


To meet the needs of intelligent metering platform in the future, the current status of metering automation system and problems have been described and a new system solutions based on cloud computing is presents in this paper. The feasibility and necessity of cloud computing applications in the intelligent metering platform are analyzed. A distributed cloud computing method is proposed in the light of massive electric data and a massive electric data cloud computing platform based on Hadoop is built. In this platform, virtualization technology is used to get the unified organization for various types of heterogeneous hardware and software, while he HDFS and HBase technologies are used to get the efficient distributed storage and management for massive and MapReduce technology is used to get distributed paralleled processing for user service and resource scheduling. Now, the new intelligent metering platform has practical applications, third-party test results show that most of the functions the system meet the requirement in the future smart metering platform.


Naruto City has been lucky to have consistently good ALTs who have renewed their contracts for multiple-year stays. This article presents the opinions of two of those ALTs. It is hoped that it will provide a window into what some ALTs are thinking. The article is written in casual English rather than academic English to serve this purpose. Hopefully it will be of interest to both local teachers as well as teachers around Japan. 1. Maria Serourian: Ways to Create a Positive Atmosphere in the English Classroom My name is Maria, and I am currently working as an ALT in Naruto City. Working at three different elementary schools, I've had the opportunity to work with several teachers, observe various teaching styles, and work with students of different age groups and personalities. At all of my schools, the students from 1 to 4 grade have an incredible amount of energy and love participating in English class. However, the attitudes of my 5 and 6 graders vary a lot. Some classes are very dynamic and exciting while others are very quiet and slow-paced. This isn't due to the material or lesson plan. Most of the teachers that I work with go off of the same lesson plan and use the same or very similar materials. So why is it that some classes are more motivated than others? Of course, some of this is due to the nature of the students in the class. However, I believe that the students are heavily influenced by the environment that the HRT and ALT create. Based on what I have observed in my classes, I will write about some of the ways HRTs and I have contributed to a positive learning environment. It is equally important not to discourage students in any way, so I have also listed a few things we should avoid doing in English class. 53 鳴門教育大学小学校英語教育センター紀要 第3号, 53-63, 2012


Nanosheet Ca2Nb3O10 (CNOns) layers were deposited on ultralow expansion glass substrates by the Langmuir–Blodgett method to obtain preferential (001)-oriented growth of Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 (PZT) thin films using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) to enhance the ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of the films. The PLD deposition temperature and repetition frequency used for the deposition of the PZT films were found to play a key role in the precise control of the microstructure and therefore of the ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties. A film deposited at a high repetition frequency has a columnar grain structure, which helps to increase the longitudinal piezoelectric coefficient (d33f). An enhanced d33f value of 356 pm V–1 was obtained for 2-μm-thick PZT films on CNOns/glass substrates. This high value is ascribed to the preferential alignment of the crystalline [001] axis normal to the substrate surface and the open columnar structure. Large displacement actuators based on such PZT films grown on CNOns/glass substrates should be useful in smart X-ray optics applications.


This study aims to look at the existence of soybean farmers and markets in Solok Regency. This study was conducted in Solok Regency to 200 households. This study was analyzed using descriptive analysis that aims to see the level of consumer preferences to processed soy products in Solok Regency. Furthermore, inductive analysis was analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis with OLS method that aims to look at the determinants of the demand for processed soy products in Solok Regency. The study shows that (1) the processed soy products most in demand by the society in Solok Regency are tofu and tempeh. (2) The number of household members, education of wife and job sector of husband affect significantly on the demand for tempeh in Solok Regency, while income, marital status, education of husband and job sector of wife do not affect significantly on the demand for tempeh in Solok Regency. (3). The number of household members and job sector of husband affect significantly on the demand for tofu in Solok Regency, while income, marital status, education of husband, education of wife and job sector of wife do not affect significantly on the demand for tofu in Solok Regency.


Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an increasingly used surgical treatment for patients with movement disorders including dystonias. In this therapeutic modality, electrodes are being implanted in deep brain structures (mostly basal ganglia). The electrodes are being connected to an implantable pulse generator (IPG) through extension wires. The IPG is usually inserted in a subcutaneous pocket in subclavicular area.1 2

Seroma of the subcutaneous area around the IPG …


We study the extreme $L_p$ discrepancy of infinite sequences in the $d$-dimensional unit cube, which uses arbitrary sub-intervals of the unit cube as test sets. This is in contrast to the classical star $L_p$ discrepancy, which uses exclusively intervals that are anchored in the origin as test sets. We show that for any dimension $d$ and any $p>1$ the extreme $L_p$ discrepancy of every infinite sequence in $[0,1)^d$ is at least of order of magnitude $(\log N)^{d/2}$, where $N$ is the number of considered initial terms of the sequence. For $p \in (1,\infty)$ this order of magnitude is best possible.


University statute is an important part in modern university system.Universities should clearly stipulate their important and basic matters by formulating and improving the statutes.The newly-established colleges and universities should also consider and solve the crucial problems as to their development by constructing the statues.


The invention concerns a method and device for sliding and positioning sleeve-shaped resilient radially expandable components (8), made of a highly resilient material, without exerting great force, on cylindrical or conical basic bodies (10) whose outer diameter is larger than the inner diameter of these sleeve-shaped components (8), such as for example parts of a cable fitting set slid and positioned on a cable end prepared in a manner known per se for a cable terminal or cable connection. Immediately before the component is slid onto the basic body (10), a plurality of elongate thin flexible bar-like slide tongues (2) are distributed around periphery in the cavity of the component (8) which has an approximately circular cross-section. The slide tongues (2) are inserted at slight lateral spacings from one another. On these slide tongues (2) the expanding component (8) is pushed slidingly onto the basic body (10) with only slight exertion of force. The slide tongues (2) are then withdrawn. A sliding sleeve is used to fit the component onto the basic body, said sleeve comprising a transverse cover (1) which forms a spacer or partial annular band and connects a plurality of laterally mutually spaced, elongate thin flexible bar-like slide tongues (2) made of a material which can slide more easily than the material of the basic body (10).


In this lecture we discuss several de nitions of stability for systems with inputs and for their unforced associated systems. We consider also the stabilization problem, both from the internal and the external point of view. All these properties are characterized in the framework of second Liapunov's method. Although nonlinear systems are the main concern of this lecture, we start by a description of what happens in the linear case. By our exposition, we aim also to demonstrate the opportunity of introducing in the treatment di erential inclusions and methods of nonsmooth analysis.


Despite the clear potential of ascorbic acid for reducing selenium to insoluble forms, the results of recent studies indicate that vitamin can actually increase the uptake and retention of selenite.


Acromegaly is an endocrine disorder caused by a benign (non-cancerous) tumor on the pituitary gland that secretes excess growth hormone (GH), leading to elevated levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). The combined effect of elevated GH and IGF-1 levels causes the enlargement of body parts along with serious morbidities such as cardiovascular, metabolic and respiratory diseases. Long-term exposure to elevated GH and IGF-1 levels can ultimately increase patients' risk of death by twoto three-fold. Therefore, normalizing and maintaining biochemical control, as measured by both GH and IGF-1 levels, is a primary goal of treatment. Tumor shrinkage and improvement in clinical manifestations are also key treatment objectives.


Various systems and methods for pulse width modulated clocking in a temperature measurement are disclosed. For example, Some embodiments of the present invention provide temperature measurement systems with a variable current Source, a transistor, and a pulse width modulation circuit. The variable current source is operable to provide a first current and a second current that are applied to the transistor. A first base-emitter Voltage occurs on the transistor when the first current is applied, and a second base-emitter Voltage occurs on the transistor when the second current is applied. The first base emitter Voltage is associated with a first sample period, and a second base-emitter Voltage is associated with a second sample period. The pulse width modulation circuit provides a pulse width modulated clock including a combination of the aforementioned first period and second period.


Abstract S-adenosylmethionine plays an important role in many biochemical reactions, including human health maintenance and disease prevention. This paper proposes a simplified, rapid, and easy high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorimetric detection method of S-adenosylmethionine and its product, S-adenosylhomocysteine. Determination of S-adenosylmethionine and S-adenosylhomocysteine was by HPLC with fluorimetric detection by the formation of the fluorescent 1,N 6-ethanoderivatives of these compounds, which showed a linear concentration range of 310−6–310−8 molL−1 for S-adenosylmethionine and 510−7–510−9for S-adenosylhomocysteine; the detection limits of the method ranged in the nanomolar domain. The method applied to real plasma samples lead to values of 60.1±19.6 for S-adenosylmethionine and 24±14.1 nmolL−1 for S-adenosylhomocysteine.


When you read old literature, it's steeped in the present; they rarely had a forward thought or looked back, either - they lived in one particular current stream. - Johnny Lydon, Rotten Now I just have to go with yesterday's discovery: A kind offuck-you-all attitude: fuck off Shakespeare, fuck off the-proper-way-to-speak-verse, fuck off snapping tendons and Laurence Olivier. - Anthony Sher, Year of the King (playing Richard III) In his documentary The Filth and the Fury (2000), Julien Temple posits an identity between Shakespeare and the Sex Pistols. The allusion to Macbeth in Temple's title draws upon a Daily Mirror headline registering public indignation after the group's infamous 1 December 1976 appearance on the BBC show Today, with Bill Grundy. From the perspective of the mainstream media, the band's vulgarity, drunkenness, and irreverence, which led to their being dropped by record label EMI, appeared "sound and fury," ultimately "signifying nothing" (Macbeth 5.5.26). Appropriately, Sex Pistols frontman Johnny ("Rotten") Lydon recalls in his autobiography, Rotten: No Irish, No Blacks, No Dogs, that as an adolescent he "loved Macbeth - a gorgeous piece of nastiness" (63). Yet it is Richard HI, not the Scottish play, which figures most prominently both in Lydon's reminiscences and in Temple's The Filth and the Fury. Employed by the director as a framing device, Shakespeare's play comes to life when related to the story of the Sex Pistols, as the king of England and the king of punk - Richard and Lydon - appear, in several respects, closely related figures. Like Temple's earlier documentary about the Sex Pistols, The Great Rock 'n Roll Swindle (1980), his second portrait of the group uses disjunctive techniques of collage, what Mark Blake describes as the "cut 'n' paste" style associated with early punk (162). Specifically, Temple evokes the sensibility of Jamie Reid, who designed the cover art for Never Mind the Bollocks, Here's the Sex Pistols ( 1 977) by juxtaposing seemingly unrelated clips from television and cinema alongside interviews with band members and those who witnessed their rapid rise and fall. Much like Temple's first film about the band, however, The Filth and the Fury is carefully designed, with a discernable structure underneath its fractured facade. From chapter to chapter, Laurence Oliviers 1955 celluloid Richard III is a recurring figure, lending cohesion to Temple's kinetic chronicle. On the 2005 DVD commentary track, the director explains that in using numerous clips from a film set in the fifteenth century, he "really wanted to set up this kind of random tuning in to another time, all which, in away, sets up the blue print for this very scattershot use of archive." The link Temple forges between Shakespeare's Richard and the Sex Pistols might seem problematic in a cultural context, for the playwright is typically associated with the sort of institutional authority attacked by English punks. Greil Marcus argues that punk outright rejected "the institutionalized or passe ' identities of the status quo" (qtd. in Laing 131). And Tricia Henry makes a similar point, but more emphatically, when remarking that late-seventies bands like the Sex Pistols offered "a mighty thumb of the nose to the cultural status quo of England in the 1970s, and it was delivered in raw, harsh terms. Mainstream rock culture, bourgeois society, Western civilization, history, the Beatles, and unemployment were just a few of the objects of their venom and contempt" (65). Shakespeare represents another "object" of such "venom and contempt," according to Alex Cox, director of the Sex Pistols drama Sid and Nancy (1986). ' While commenting on his film Revengers Tragedy (2002), adapted from a play by Shakespeare's near-contemporary Thomas Middleton, Cox insists that Shakespeare personifies the establishment in the English cultural imagination: Shakespeare's position is easy to understand and sympathise with: he lived under the Tudor dynasty, and any kind of dissenter (whether a playwright, a nun, or an actual rebel) was liable to be dragged off, tottured, burned alive, or hanged [. …


Saccular aneurysms rupture at the fundus. An aneurysm can be isolated from the circulation most easily if its fundus is not disturbed. Internal carotid aneurysms may project in many directions. Review of 100 consecutive cases reveals that just less than one fourth of these aneurysms project laterally over the tentorial edge into the tip of the temporal lobe. Two distinct surgical ap proaches are recommended on the basis of this classification. The aneurysms are also analyzed with regard to size, site of origin and configuration of the circle of Willis. There is an increased in cidence of embryonic branching of the internal carotid artery in those patients with posterior communicating aneurysms suggesting a haemodynamic factor in the pathogenesis of cerebral aneurysms.


Feature matching plays an important role in many computer vision applications, such as object recognition, scene reconstruction or image mosaicing. In this paper, we propose an algorithm called Hessian ORB - Overlapped FREAK (HOOFR) which is based on the combination of the ORB detector and the FREAK bio-inspired descriptor. We address some modifications related to the detection and the description processes in order to enhance HOOFR reliability, speed and memory fingerprint. The experiments on a widely used dataset demonstrate the considerable performance of HOOFR compared to SIFT, SURF or ORB in terms of the execution time and the matching quality, in various matching contexts.


In the early Northern Song Dynasty Ci altar,Ci Writers,whose representative people are Yan Shu and Ouyang Xiu,created a number of works which are a reveal of mental state in times of peace.They did not consider Liu Yong's vulgar Ci is to be right,the majority of commentators also belittled and denounced Liu Yong's Ci.However they all ignored Liu Yong's Ci was a reveal of mental state in times of peace too,no matter in which he expressed his depression of staying long away from home,state of revelry or parting thoughts.At this point,there is not any difference of essence between Liu Yong's Ci and other people's Ci,such as Yan Shu's.


For Arc High-Impedance Faults (AHIFs) in Active Distribution Networks (ADNs) with neutral grounding via Petersen coil, both nonlinear characteristics caused by arc and the influence of zero-input response have been not considered in previous research. Quantitative analysis methods based on the threshold setting comparison is mostly adopted in current field applications, which cannot balance the detection reliability and sensitivity simultaneously. In response to this problem, a higher precision nonlinear AHIF equivalent model is established based on the logarithmic arc model. State equations describing the occurrences of AHIFs are solved by using piecewise linear fitting technique, and analytical expressions of zero-sequence voltage and currents are present in paper. Furthermore, the regular volt-ampere characteristic dynamic trajectory between the zero-sequence voltage and current in characteristic frequency band is analyzed, and a tangent-inverse method is proposed to extract the direction of dynamic trajectory, then an effective fault detection algorithm is designed. The validity of the proposed nonlinear equivalent model and detection algorithm are verified by various cases' simulations and field test data.


The central control room(CCR)in petro-chemical enterprise is usually constructed with blast resistant.With the continuous expansion of enterprise,the production managerial functions of CCR are becoming more and more.To make indoor human comfortable,more and more enterprise prefer to use non-blast resistant structure for the CCR.The requirement of blast resistant for CCR has been disclosed in detail.With the quotation of some new research results in the fields of explosion overpressure effects on buildings,models for predicting the strength of vapor cloud explosion and propagation rule of explosion shock wave in the air,the relationship between explosion overpressure and blast resistant control room is discussed,and how to make the judgment on whether CCR could adopt non-blast-resistant structure based on the distance between CCR and explosion hazard plants are also discussed.Some preliminary parameters are recommended,and can be used as the reference for instrumentation designers.


1 Urine was collected from 289 inhabitants of a cadmium-polluted quarter of Stadskanaal. The excretion of cadmium, protein, beta-2-microglobulin and glucose were determined. After being divided according to sex and to smoking habits, the results of the inhabitants were compared with those of 293 controls. 2 In inhabitants as well as controls, cadmium excretion was age-dependent. Cadmium excretion in females increased faster with age than in males. 3 In male-smoker controls, cadmium excretion was significantly higher (p < 0.001) than in male-non-smoker controls. 4 In male-non-smoker inhabitants, cadmium excretion (p = 0.05), protein excretion (p <0.01) and glucose excretion (p <0.01) were significantly higher than in corresponding controls. In male-smoker inhabitants, protein excretion (p < 0.01) and glucose excretion (0.01 < p < 0.05) were significantly higher than in corresponding controls. In female-non-smoker inhabitants glucose excretion was significantly higher (0.01 < p < 0.05) than in corresponding controls. 5 For some categories, living in the polluted area was associated with an increased cadmium excretion in urine and a slight difference in renal function, possibly related to a difference in cadmium body burden. It was concluded that, considering the actual values of each parameter, the observed differences were not relevant in terms of potential health hazards.


"...Bosnia is the country of hate...a fatal characteristic of that hate lies in the fact that the man from Bosnia is not aware of the hate that lives in him, he shrinks from analysing it and hates every one who tries to do it...those who believe and love, have a deadly hatred for those who do not believe and for those who believe differently and love something else. Unfortunately the main part of their belief and love is used up in hate..." Ivo Andric


The field measurement and questionnaire survey are utilized in winter and summer from the perspective of residential district planning. The optimizing design for wind environment of existing residential district in coastal areas of Yancheng, Jiangsu, is expounded based on comfort requirements on the wind force and wind speed, providing reference for developing thermal comfort with low energy consumption in residential district.


Intraoperative imaging could improve patient safety and quality assurance (QA) via the detection of subtle complications that might otherwise only be found hours after surgery. Such capability could therefore reduce morbidity and the need for additional intervention. Among the severe adverse events that could be more quickly detected by high-quality intraoperative imaging is acute intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), conventionally assessed using post-operative CT. A mobile C-arm capable of high-quality cone-beam CT (CBCT) in combination with advanced image reconstruction techniques is reported as a means of detecting ICH in the operating room. The system employs an isocentric C-arm with a flat-panel detector in dual gain mode, correction of x-ray scatter and beam-hardening, and a penalized likelihood (PL) iterative reconstruction method. Performance in ICH detection was investigated using a quantitative phantom focusing on (non-contrast-enhanced) blood-brain contrast, an anthropomorphic head phantom, and a porcine model with injection of fresh blood bolus. The visibility of ICH was characterized in terms of contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and qualitative evaluation of images by a neurosurgeon. Across a range of size and contrast of the ICH as well as radiation dose from the CBCT scan, the CNR was found to increase from ~2.2-3.7 for conventional filtered backprojection (FBP) to ~3.9-5.4 for PL at equivalent spatial resolution. The porcine model demonstrated superior ICH detectability for PL. The results support the role of high-quality mobile C-arm CBCT employing advanced reconstruction algorithms for detecting subtle complications in the operating room at lower radiation dose and lower cost than intraoperative CT scanners and/or fixedroom C-arms. Such capability could present a potentially valuable aid to patient safety and QA.


HRP has been widely used in enzyme immunoassay(EIA).Here we review the recent progress in three main HRP substrates including chromogens,fluorescent subtrate and chemiluminescent substrate.In this review,advantages,disadvantages and applications of corresponding detection methods are summarized.In addition,pioneer research on other HRP substrates is also considered.As a novel HRP substrate,nanogold containing thiol and phenolic group has some advantages such as high sensitivity,low detection expenses and permanent record of signals,etc,which promise its broad potential use in immunohistochemistry,DNA microarrays and other related fields.


This article arose out of a presentation given to the UKSG seminar on 'Managing Open Access: pain points and workflows'. It presents a case study on the workflows in place at the University of St Andrews and how these are developing to meet funder compliance policies and the challenge of the new HEFCE Research Excellence Framework (REF) open access (OA) policy. The case study describes the research environment at St Andrews and in particular the challenges faced and how these may be answered. Since the seminar in May 2014, the Open Access Research Publications Support Team has engaged in a 'Lean' exercise to evaluate and streamline workflows within the institution. St Andrews is also now a partner in the LOCH project, one of the Jisc Pathfinder projects. The paper gives an update on recent activities and looks at strategies and practical ideas for improving workflows and removing pain points.


Recently many literatures have studied the problem of rumor detection on social media and proposed various automatic detection algorithms. In this ongoing work report we exploit the power of the crowd and formulate the reviewer selection problem, which aim to find reliable reviews for a possible rumor. Our reviewer selection scheme can be considered complementary to existing methods. We give theoretical analysis and provide a greedy algorithm with approximation guarantee. We conduct experiments on a Twitter dataset about rumors, which validates the effectiveness and efficiency of our algorithm.


Objectives: The objective of this research study was to examine the relationship between BMI, physical activity, dietary habits, and student demographic factors (age, ethnicity, income, immigration, and sex). Given the association between overweight and obesity and the inequitable burden of chronic health conditions among ethnic minority populations, a deeper understanding of the socioeconomic, gender, age, and racial/ethnic variation in BMI, physical activity, and dietary habits is needed. The shifting demographics of urban college populations make urban college campuses an important setting for addressing the lifetime health needs of ethnically diverse urban populations. Methods: In this cross-sectional non-experimental study, we used validated self-report questionnaires to survey 1,184 students about their dietary habits, physical activity, and BMI. Measures included self-reported dietary habits, physical activity, BMI and demographics (age, ethnicity, income, immigrant status, and sex). Results: Hispanics and Non-Hispanic Blacks were more likely to be at higher risk for increased BMI, less weekly hours of physical activity, and more unhealthy dietary habits. Female students were at a higher risk of less weekly physical activity. Older age was associated with increased BMI and more healthy dietary habits. Students attending colleges with a predominantly Hispanic student population (Campus B) and a predominantly Black student population (Campus C) had significantly higher BMIs than those attending an ethnically diverse college (Campus A). Immigrants had a lower average BMI and reported consuming less unhealthy foods than non-immigrants. In addition, immigrants from Europe and Asia had a lower BMI and engaged in more healthy dietary habits when compared to immigrants from the Caribbean, Africa, and Central and South America. Conclusions: Researchers, health interventionists, and college health professionals should continue to target and tailor interventions for all college students with an emphasis on nonHispanic Black, Hispanic, and other students at risk for ill health associated with BMI, physical inactivity, and poor dietary habits. In addition, interventions should be targeted to help immigrant students maintain health practices that may be protective.


the classic description of a coloured lake implies low productivity (Nauman 1921; cited in Jones 1922). wetzel (1975) initially classified dystrophic lakes as oligotrophic, but later stated that dystrophy represents a subset of trophic continuum, from oligotrophy to eutrophy, rather than a parallel concept (wetzel 2001). other more recent studies have demonstrated that many dystrophic lakes are mesotrophic or even eutrophic (Jones 1992, Keskita lo and eloranta 1999). Furthermore, the pH of their water can range between 4.1 and 8.0 (Keskita lo and eloranta 1999), and it is clear that this property should be treated as an additional factor affecting their trophic state. our own findings from humic acidic lakes of different trophic states and from one posthumic lake (originally humic, now eutrophic with pH = 7), together with data from the literature describing about 40 brown-water lakes, can be used to verify general statements concerning microbial ecology paradigms for humic waters: 1) the bacterial to phytoplankton biomass ratio is generally high and increases with lake water colour; 2) there is a positive relationship between bacterial biomass and the concentration of organic matter expressed in dissolved organic carbon units and as water colour; 3) bacterial production is generally higher than primary production; 4) there is a good correlation between bacterial production and humic matter content; 5) the pH of the water/sediments can modify these relationships by accelerating the rates between the variables mentioned above in neutral pH and/or limiting them in low pH. In this review we show that these statements are not always confirmed by detailed analyses of the available data, suggesting that in addition to the concentration of humic matter, the lake productivity, expressed as chlorophyll a and primary production, also influences the ratios between the compared variables. we also demonstrate that despite being weaker, the relationships between phytoplankton-related variables and bacterial abundance and production in low pH lakes are similar to those in circum-neutral humic waters. In addition, we show that the conversion factors and the proportion of active bacterial cells greatly influence all of the aforementioned relationships. KeY worDs: humic, dystrophic lakes, bacterial abundance, production, nutrients, chlorophyll a, organic matter


Real-time embedded image processing applications are being implemented on commercial multicomputers. The use of programmable signal processing provides increased adaptability to higher performance robust algorithms and flexibility for future modifications. Efficient implementation on these architectures are a technical challenges to the development of cost effective solutions. This paper describes the implementation of a real-time infrared search and track (IRST) algorithm on a commercial off the shelf (COTS) multicomputer. It provides information about problem partitioning onto the processor including designing for scalability to varying numbers of processors. It provides lessons learned about implementation of the algorithm onto the processor including efficiency issues. It discusses portability of software while optimizing the implementation for a specific microprocessor and making use of vendor proprietary algorithm libraries.


Increasing deregulation will force attention upon the problems of achieving consumer satisfaction in industries that are not regulated. This article examines the problems of regulating performance in a public service domain of growing interest to marketers — health care. Hirschman's concept of loose monopolies is found to be useful in explaining existing control problems in medical practice and in pointing the way for near-term improvements.


In this work, an experimental approach toward reaching new insights into the mechanism of superconductivity in the iron-based compounds is presented. The temperature dependence of the penetration depth and of the microwave conductivity of high-quality Ba(Fe1-xCox)2As2 and (Ba1-xKx)Fe2As2 single crystals have been obtained by a 7.97-GHz superconducting coplanar resonator technique, in a perturbative approach. The proposed technique is suitable to obtain the absolute value of the penetration depth and shows high sensitivity to small samples. For the Co-doped BaFe2As2, the comparison of crystals with different shape factors allows distinguishing the in-plane and out-of-plane components of the penetration depth. Peaks in the normalized quasiparticle conductivity of both Co-doped and K-doped crystals are shown and discussed.


Greenhouse production systems typically involve growing multiple crop types simultaneously, including ornamentals and vegetables. Therefore, greenhouse producers commonly deal with multiple pest complexes. Two important insect pests of greenhouse-grown horticultural crops are fungus gnats (Bradysia spp.) and western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis). A plant protection strategy that can be used to manage both pests is biological control. The rove beetle (Dalotia coriaria) and insidious flower bug (Orius insidiosus) are generalist predators commercially available for use in greenhouse production systems targeting fungus gnats and the western flower thrips. This article describes the biology, behavior, ecology, and role of both natural enemies in greenhouse production systems, and discusses the direct and indirect effects of pesticides (insecticides, miticides, and fungicides) on D. coriaria and O. inisidiosus.


This paper deals with mathematical modelling of diabetes mellitus. A recent classification of diabetes mellitus is given and a new approach in constructing a mathematical model of this disease is described. The aim of mathematical modelling is to help a patient and his doctor in management of diabetes. The algorithms for solving inverse problems of coefficients reconstruction are investigated. Results of computational experiments are given.


We show that superselection structures on curved spacetimes, that are expected to describe quantum charges affected by the underlying geometry, are categories of sections of presheaves of symmetric tensor categories. When an embedding functor is given, the superselection structure is a Tannaka-type dual of a locally constant group bundle, which hence becomes a natural candidate for the role of gauge group. Indeed, we show that any locally constant group bundle (with suitable structure group) acts on a net of C*-algebras fulfilling normal commutation relations on an arbitrary spacetime. We also give examples of gerbes of C*-algebras, defined by Wightman fields and constructed using projective representations of the fundamental group of the spacetime, that we propose as solutions for the problem that existence and uniqueness of the embedding functor are not guaranteed.


The invention provides a portable-type control device for configuring an LED (light-emitting diode) display screen, used for solving the technical problems of low configuration efficiency and the like in the prior art. The portable-type control device comprises a controller preset with display screen configuration information, wherein the controller is provided with a programmable control device, an information display module, an information control module and a sending card module, and the sending card module is correspondingly connected with a receiving card to realize duplex communication; and a manual control component connected with the control signal input end of the programmable control device and a display component connected with the output end of the information display module are arranged on a shell of the portable-type control device. According to the portable-type control device, the complex processes that box bodies are spliced by workers, and then are configured by engineers on spot in the traditional display screen configuration method is replaced by a process that the portable-type control device is used for configuring a display screen; and the portable-type control device effectively saves labour power, simplifies configuration processes, and greatly reduces configuration time.


Many of the existing safety guidelines governing microwave/RF/ELF, controlled /uncontrolled exposure are based on intensity of exposure that produces heating of tissues due to energy absorption leading to temperature rise and manifested as thermal effects. On the other hand, though the human body could compensate for and handle the extra energy load through the thermoregulatory mechanisms without obvious increase in temperature, stress could still develop. The thermal effects are manifested in the living being as well as tissue preparations, cell lines etc. However, the frequency induced effects in the non thermal low intensity range, are unique to a living organism, where the " coherence" component of the electromagnetic waves is discerned by the living organism and the oscillatory similitude of such waves interferes with the biological endogenous rhythms of the organism, akin to the electromagnetic interference phenomena occurring while turning on a cell phone inside an aircraft. The review of existing literature, the standards, the biological effects are discussed.


This study investigated language attitudes and Japanese language maintenance among a group of second-generation Japanese in Melbourne (Australia). Subjects were 66 Japanese high school students (second-generation) attending Japanese-language schools and 109 Japanese mothers (first-generation) self-identified as Japanese-identity, non-Japanese-identity, and indifferent to ethnicity. The latter group was further divided into war brides, Non-Japanese-Spouse (NJS) wives, and Japanese-Spouse (JS) wives. Data were drawn from a questionnaire survey, matched-guise technique, and subjective ethnolinguistic vitality survey. Results suggest that social identity determines children's language maintenance, with children of Japanese war brides likely to shift most rapidly to English, followed by those of NJS wives. Overall, children's Japanese use is declining in the home and in interactions with Japanese spouses. Children whose mother has non-Japanese identity are especially likely to shift to English rapidly, so Japanese spouses' identity, particularly Japanese wives' social identity, is one factor that influences children's Japanese maintenance or shift. Contains 20 references. (MSE) ******************************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * * from the original document. * ******************************************************************************** LANGUAGE ATTITUDES IN THE SECOND GENERATION JAPANESE GROUP IN MELBOURNE Tsuneo Nasu Associate Professor Faculty of Education Kochi University 2-5-1 Akebono-cho Kochi-shi 780 JAPAN Phone: (0888) 44-8377 Fax: (0888) 44-8453 E-mail: nasu cc.kochi-u.ac.jp PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement UCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) his document has been reproduced as eceived from the person or organization originating it. Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this \tsr; TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. A paper presented at the 6th International Conference on Language and Social Psychology at the University of Ottawa, 16-20 May 1997. 2 BEST COPY AVAILABLE


Literacy based behavioral interventions (LBBIs) have been used to teach numerous skills, such as requesting an accommodation, engaging in self-regulation, and remaining on-task, to children and adolescents. Electronic-LBBIs (E-LBBIs) have recently emerged in the literature as an effective strategy, using preferred forms of media (tablet or laptop), to teach students in the classroom new skills. Here we discuss how LBBIs work, what E-LBBIs are, and how teachers can use E-LBBIs in their classroom. Vignettes are provided to demonstrate applications to the reader.


In this paper, performance in terms of Bit Error Rate (BER) and Frame Error Rate (FER) of the best quadratic polynomial permutations (QPP) interleavers are presented. The selection criterion proposed here was the convergence of the decoding process of duo-binary turbo codes. The analyses for ten best duo-binary memory 3 convolutional component codes and for Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) blocks, with length N=2×212 bits=53 bytes are performed. The best turbo-code and permutation combination we found achieves a frame error rate of 10−4 at less than 0.75 decibels from the Shannon limit.


Le Bresil en 1889 is a publication organized by Francisco J. de Santa-Anna Nery, and sponsored by the Brazilian imperial government, for the Paris Universal Exposition of 1889. Its main purpose was to highlight the recent achievements of the Brazilian Monarchy, especially the abolition of slavery, for a foreign audience. Among its contributors were some of the most important intellectuals and politicians from that time, such as Rio Branco, Andre Reboucas and Eduardo Prado. This article goal is to analyze their essays, particularly how they have portrayed the issues of socialeconomic modernization and the formation of Brazilian people. We are interested in the kind of image that Brazil was - officially - trying to project in 1889, after the abolition and just before the proclamation of the Republic.


Steel fibers change the properties of hardened concrete significantly. However, addition of fibers to fresh concrete results in a loss of workability. Self-compacting concrete (SCC) is an innovative concrete that is able to flow under its own weight, completely filling formwork and achieving full compaction without vibration. We have studied composites of SCC with steel fibers for further property enhancement. Water/cement ratio and cement, fly ash and superplasticizer contents were kept constant at 0.40, 400, 120 and 6 kg/m3 , respectively. The fiber amounts were 15, 30, 45 and 60 kg/m3. Slump flow, J-ring and V-funnel tests were conducted for evaluating the fluidity, filling ability and segregation risk of the fresh concretes. There were no problems with mixing or workability while the fiber distribution was uniform. Steel fibers can significantly enhance toughness of SCC and inhibit the initiation and growth of cracks.


The surface treatment of powders is discussed. Stability of ceramic powders and surfaces and the improvement of moldability are addressed. Characteristics of surface treatment technology are given, including formation of inorganic surface-treated layers, liquid phase reactions, gas treatment, surface treatment by coupling agents, and the formation of results of surface treatment.


Partial discharge detection and localisation is a well-established off-line tool for diag- nosing medium voltage cables [1-3]. For on-line application a number of new problems have to be solved, not only related to sensor coupling and high noise levels. In this pa- per a few additional consequences are discussed. The electric field in a belted cable is elliptical. The amount of field eccentricity influences PD patterns, due both to the PD excitation itself and to the coupling and propagation of the signal to the cable conduc- tors. Further, the impedances seen by the propagating pulses at the cable end can vary, depending on the substation equipment. Therefore, localisation techniques based on re- flectometry become unreliable, and signal detection at both cable ends is preferred. This implicates the need of synchronisation of the two set-ups and a communication channel between them. This paper discusses the feasibility to use the cable under test for these purposes.


Discussed on standardization problems in the medical devices industry standards on the side of the normative documents,etc. Given some examples of the medical device industry standards in which have some standardization problems exist and proper expressions according with the standardization demands.


Rectal cancer is the frequent malignant tumor of the digestive tract. It has a strong ability to invade and metastasize, a poor clinical prognosis and a high recurrence rate. Circular RNA mitochondrial translation optimization 1 homolog (circMTO1) exerts functions of regulating tumor development. Thus, we aimed to investigate the roles and mechanisms of circMTO1 in rectal cancer. Cell activity, proliferation, migration, and incursion were tested through cell counting kit-8, bromodeoxyuridine, flow cytometry, transwell, and BioCoat Matrigel Invasion Chambers, separately. Expression of circMTO1 and other relative factors was tested through quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot. qRT-PCR revealed that circMTO1 expression was notably reduced in rectal cancer tissues. Overexpression of circMTO1 was established in SW837 and SNU-61 cells. Then we found that circMTO1 overexpression could suppress cell proliferation, migration, and incursion and induce apoptosis through downregulating miR-19b-3p. However, these trends were opposite in both cells when circMTO1 was knocked down. Besides, circMTO1 overexpression inhibited Janus kinase 1 (JAK1)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signal pathways via negatively regulating miR-19b-3p to play its antitumor roles. circMTO1 acted as a tumor inhibitor influencing the growth, migration, and incursion of rectal cancer cells and JAK1/STAT3 and AMPK signal pathways through downregulating miR-19b-3p.


Photogeneration in a series of surface-sulfonated and dye-exchanged poly(N-vinylcarbazole) films has been studied as a function of depth of the resultant sensitizing (photogeneration) layer. It has been shown that increasing the depth of this layer greatly affects the observed photogeneration rate, decreasing the efficiency with increasing sulfonation. Formed generator depths were from 50 to 250 A. These results have been attributed to changes in the product μgτg, where τg is the carrier lifetime in the generation layer and μg the carrier mobility in the generation layer. Collection efficiency in the monomer dye absorption maximum and the "mer" absorption maxima are comparable.


Let $K$ be a subgroup of a finite group $G$. The probability that an element of $G$ commutes with an element of $K$ is denoted by $Pr(K,G)$. Assume that $Pr(K,G)\geq \epsilon$ for some fixed $\epsilon >0$. We show that there is a normal subgroup $T\leq G$ and a subgroup $B\leq K$ such that the indices $[G:T]$ and $[K:B]$ and the order of the commutator subgroup $[T,B]$ are $\epsilon$-bounded. This extends the well-known theorem, due to P. M. Neumann, that covers the case where $K=G$. We deduce a number of corollaries of this result. A typical application is that if $K$ is the generalized Fitting subgroup $F^{*}(G)$ then $G$ has a class-2-nilpotent normal subgroup $R$ such that both the index $[G:R]$ and the order of the commutator subgroup $[R,R]$ are $\epsilon$-bounded. In the same spirit we consider the cases where $K$ is a term of the lower central series of $G$, or a Sylow subgroup, etc.


Can be connected to two longitudinal members of the motor vehicle supporting frame (3), a front cross member (4) comprising upper and lower parts lower part is used as the underride guard (5,6), said cross member ( 4) comprising a fixing element to be connected to two longitudinal members (3), a versatile front frame parts for automobiles is disclosed. The front frame part, in order to dimension the front region to be able to use in various embodiments for versatile car are diverse, assembled from a plurality of simply constructed identical parts in a modular fashion. Front frame part of the present invention, in particular having a front and a rear main module (2). Simply adjusting the main front module (1), the main rear module (2) can be used in various front region without being modified.