As a research project for NASA's Langley Research Center, we developed a variation on MIL-STD-1553B (the military standard for avionics buses) whose goal was increased fault tolerance. The resulting protocol, called implicit token passing (ITP), replaces an explicit token with brief "soundoff" messages from all nodes participating on the LAN. Since every node participates on every "token cycle," bus silence is an error indication and initiates recovery action. By encoding state information in the headers of the transmitted words, nodes are continuously aware of the global state of the network. This local knowledge of the global network state allows the system to continue operation in spite of nodal failures. A station which fails but then recovers can quickly assess the global network state and then safely rejoin the active nodes. ITP features high throughput and bounded message delay, and achieves high reliability through tolerance of failed nodes and automatic resynchronization when failed nodes are revived. The protocol is ideally suited for a bus topology and fiber optic media.


We assume that each process has access to a local hardware clock and that the drift of correct hardware clocks is bounded by a given constant . Since we are in this paper only interested in internal clock synchronization algorithms capable of masking arbitrary failures, when we talk about a synchronization algorithm, we mean an internal clock synchronization algorithm tolerant of arbitrary failures.


Summary Werner syndrome (WS)isanautosomal recessive disease with acomplex phenotype that issuggestive ofaccelerated aging. WSiscaused bymutations inagene, WRN,that encodes apredicted 1,432-amino-acid protein with homologytoDNAandRNAhelicases. Previous workidentified four WSmutations inthe3'endofthegene, which resulted inpredicted truncated protein products of1,060-1,247 amino acids butdidnotdisrupt thehelicase domain region (amino acids 569-859). Here, additional WSsubjects were screened formutations, andtheintron-exon structure of thegene wasdetermined. Atotal of35exons weredefined, withthecoding sequences beginning inthesecond exon. Five newWSmutations were identified: twononsense mutations atcodons 369and889; amutation atasplice-junction site, resulting inapredicted truncated protein of760amino acids; a1-bp deletion causing aframeshift; andapredicted truncated protein of391amino acids. Another deletion is >15kbofgenomic DNA,including exons 19-23; the predicted protein is1,186 amino acids long. Fourofthese newmutations either partially disrupt thehelicase domain region orresult inpredicted protein products completely missing thehelicase region. These results confirm that mutations intheWRN gene areresponsible forWS.Also, the location ofthemutations indicates that thepresence or absence ofthehelicase domain does notinfluence theWS phenotype andsuggests that WSistheresult ofcomplete loss offunction oftheWRNgene product.


The composition of fatty acids and organic acids in the fruits, stems, and roots of Acanthopanax were studied. The major fatty acids in the fruits, stems and roots were oleic, linoleic and palmitic acids and these composed about 86-98% of total fatty acids. However, there are great differences in content of the major fatty acids between varieties and each parts. Citric, malefic, succinic, malonic, fumaric and malic acids were identified in the fruits. Malic acid was the predaminant organic acid. There are great differences in individual content of the organic acids between varieties and each parts. Malonic and malefic acids were not detected in the stems and roots, respectively. Citric acid was most abundant organic acid parts. Total organic acid content in roots was very low compared to that of fruits and stems.


A marlced-inversio11-outcross teclu~ique was used to produce the 81 possible cw~nbi~~ations of entire chromo.iomes (genotypes) resulting from crosses of two isogenic lines. Two metric traits, egg production during the 6th, 7th and 8th day and the number of chaeta on the fourth and fifth abdominal segments, were measured. I-Ieterogcncity of within-genotype varial~ce was found for both traits. There is some evidence of increasing variance with increasing homozygosiry, bur it is not conclusive. Egg production is influcnced largely by additive and dominance cffccts of chromoson~es 2 and 3 and by episratic interactions involving all four chromosomes. Chacta number is determincd largely by chromoswmcs wit11 additive effects. For both traits, ho\vcver, thc three- and four-factor cpistatic interactions cor~tril)utcd a real and i~nportant fraction of the total variancc. The data arc consistent with the view thar egg production has been subjected to directional selection and that chacta numbcr has been subjected to stabilizing selection.


Cara E. Richards recently pointed out that instead of the well-established dichotomy between ideal and real behavior, one should consider a trichotomy, with presumed behavior as a third term. The present note agrees with this, but (a) briefly examines some previous publications specifically dealing with this trichotomy, (b) suggests some points of view complementary to those of the Richards communication, and (c) attempts to place studies of presumed behavior in the context of anthropological theory.


It is argued that the accretion of phantom energy onto a wormhole in a universe with a positive cosmological constant leads also to a gradual increase of the wormhole throat radius, which eventually overtakes the super-accelerated expansion of the universe and becomes infinite at a time in the future before the big rip. Thus, the universe as a whole can time travel toward the past or the future.


While there is acknowledgement of alliances as socially complex forms, alliance process theory remains grounded in ontological assumptions of alliances as economic entities with managers as functio...


Nasal disease is a type of disease that is classified as often afflicting someone. And it is not uncommon among people to conduct a direct examination on ENT specialists to find out the type of disease they are experiencing. Thus an alternative is needed to find out early the problems that arise from the nose. The intended alternative is to build a system in the form of an expert system that uses one's expertise in providing knowledge in the form of a nose condition. The system was built using a hybrid method that combines the forward chaining method and the certainty factor. So, the results or knowledge given to the public is confirmed by the percentage given.


In this paper noise removal from the medical images using the hybrid filter of technique is presented. From the last couple of decades, medical image processing and analysis techniques based on computing algorithms acquired prominence as an alternate skillset for medical experts in disease diagnosis and prevention. As the number of patients are increasing yearly, doctors don't have enough time to calculate the actual information from the medical images, as most of the medical images are affected by the noise. Medical images contain a different kind of noises because several machines are operating for data acquisition and transmission, so in order to reduce the complexity from the radiologist point of view we were very much interested in the design of an algorithm which can be beneficial and useful at the convenient level. Image Processing has become a very prominent technique in medical image analysis and medical image processing. The proposed architecture is the amalgamation of morphological operations, A modified form of Median Filters and Wiener Filters. The boundary and the shape of the image is extracted through Morphological operation. For noise removal and enhancement purpose modified median filter and wiener filters were used. The parameters like Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR), Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Mean Square Error (MSE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) are determined through proposed algorithm. Overall results indicate that the enhancement quality is performing well in proposed technique.


Logical, systematic, logical-legal, comparative-legal methods of research are widely used in this article. In particular, first of all, the concept of socially dangerous consequences and the stages of its formation are described in detail. Also, the socially dangerous consequence is generally an optional sign of the objective side of the crime, it is recognized as a necessary sign in material crimes, and the opinions and views expressed by scientists in the theory of criminal law about it are highlighted, and then the criminal law in the norm, the expression of the socially dangerous consequences and their specific characteristics are described in sequence by the legislator. At the same time, in the development of the concept of socially dangerous consequence, which is a sign of the objective side of the existing criminal law, the specific importance of the signs of the objective side of the crime is described. In this article, based on the deduction method of research, the nature, structure and forms of the socially dangerous consequence, which is a sign of the objective side of the crime structure, have been studied, and the theoretical and scientific views on it in the criminal law have been reflected. Also, in this article, the main focus is on the concept, nature, forms and structure of the socially dangerous consequence, which is a sign of the objective side of the criminal structure, as well as the specific criminal-legal significance of the criminal consequence and related theoretical and practical problems. At the same time, the doctrine of criminal law and existing scientific research were analyzed, and reasonable theoretical proposals and recommendations were developed in this regard.


Central pain syndrome (CPS) is a neurological disorder caused by damage or dysfunction of the central nervous system. Both conservative and operative methods of treatment are used in its treatment, but in most cases their effectiveness is rather low. We are presenting the clinical observation of a 60-year-old patient with spinal cord injury at the level of Th10 due to a car accident that occurred 44 years before the treatment in our clinic, who suffered from phantom pain that occurred after bilateral above the knee amputation because of advanced peripheral vascular disease. Due to the ineffectiveness of the conservative treatment, it was decided to proceed with spinal cord stimulation. The presence of pronounced postoperative changes in the area of spinal cord injury has complicated the transcutaneous placement of trial leads at the L1-L2 and Th12-L1 level. We managed to introduce leads at the level of Th7-Th8 and position them at the level of Th5-Th7. During continuous neurostimulation the pain in the sacrum, in the area of the hip joints, the phantom pain was relieved. The patient stopped using all pain medications. Spinal cord stimulation can be utilized as an alternative treatment for patients with intractable CPS.


When double pole block fault occurs in Gui-Guang HVDC transmission system, selective tripping of generating units in the sending end has to be used as a method to maintain stability of the South China Interconnected Power System. In order to expedite the restoration process, this paper presents a control strategy that power generation of some running units can be reduced during this process to permit the tripped units to be resynchronized to the system without changing the power level at the sending end. This enables the tripped units to be restored to load rapidly without disturbing system stability. With user-written subroutines developed in PSS/E, simulation is performed for the South China Interconnected Power System to investigate the system behavior during reloading process of those units which had been tripped following DC block fault. The results show that the proposed scheme is feasible and effective.


This type of corrosion is catalysed by metals present in the graphite as impurities. Two methods of removing these metallic impurities for the graphite are discussed, further contamination of the graphite, in the core of the Dragon Reactor, could occur. Localised corrosion, from the use of metal clad thermocouples is also considered.


The range of acceptable positions about important political issues defines the political space of society. This article presents a model of how political space is transformed over time based upon linear differential equations. Constructable transformations of political space are ones that can be modeled by such equations and thus can result from gradual evolutionary change. A constructable transformation also preserves the distinctness of political positions, which means that distinct political positions remain different throughout the process of change. Non-constructable transformations, on the other hand, cannot be represented in this way because they embody political discontinuities of some kind. A simple typology of constructable transformations is discussed and illustrated. Methods of estimating the political space transformation model are outlined and applied to General Social Survey data for 1982, 1993, and 2002. This leads to an analysis of how American political space transformed from 1982 to 1993 and then from 1993 to 2002. The former transformation proves to be constructable while the latter is not, probably due to the effects of 9/11. The 1982–1993 period witnessed a tentative simplification of American political space featuring some left-right polarization. The 1993–2002 period is characterized by a conservatizing transformation of American political space which, the analysis suggests, could result from the attacks of 9/11.


Synthesizing competitive interactions between two avatars in a physics-based simulation remains challenging. Most previous works rely on reusing motion capture data. They also need an offline preprocessing step to either build motion graphs or perform motion analysis. On the other hand, an online motion synthesis algorithm [Hämäläinen et al. 2014] can produce physically plausible motions including balance recovery and dodge projectiles without prior data. They use a kd-tree sequential Monte Carlo sampler to optimize the joint angle trajectories. We extend their approach and propose a new objective function to create two-character animations in a close-range combat. The principles of attack and defense are designed according to fundamental theory of Chinese martial arts. Instead of following a series of fixed Kung Fu forms, our method gives 3D avatars the freedom to explore diverse movements and through pruning can finally evolve an optimal way for fighting.


Abstract : This SRP reviews the history of the U. S. Marine Corps Logistics Strategy adopted in 1995. It examines the effects of the 2001 Quadrennial Defense Review and the Department of the Defense's Transformation Planning Guidance on both U.S. Navy and Marine Corps future concepts for logistics in the 21st Century. Finally this SRP recommends how the Navy and Marine Corps may adjust their current logistics concepts to better align them to meet the challenges of the 21 Century.


Modifications of the mechanical ventilatory function in 18 atopic asthmatic patients challenged with carbachol and mites are studied. The patients were chosen according to clinical and immunoallergiol


Image is an important concept in classical Chinese poetry.What is an image? How to create one? How to perfectly blend the meaning and the image together? To better appreciate the classical poetry and write better poems,we need to satisfactorily answer these questions.


Relational database system users retrieve data by specifying what they want, not how it should be found. A 'query optimizer' is responsible for determining how the desired data will be found. For each step in a query there may exist several candidate algorithms which could be used to perform the required operation. The execution times for these algorithms depend on the statistical properties of the user data to be processed, and may differ widely. The execution cost of each algorithm is estimated using statistics on the user data and cost models. The algorithm with lowest estimated cost is used.
This decision process is subject to error. Bayesian decision theory is used here to quantify the expected improvement in the decision if the choice of algorithm were postponed until additional information is acquired. The expected value of additional information is compared with the information acquisition cost before the additional information is actually acquired. Additional information, gained from sources like sampled user data, should be obtained whenever it is expected to yield a significant net reduction in execution time.
Computational methods for determining the expected value of sample information (EVSI) are explored. These methods allow for the application of these concepts to a wide range of query optimization problems. Three such problems in database query optimization are presented with example computations of the expected value of sample information.


8023 Background: Effective salvage therapies are needed in patients (pts) with relapsed/refractory DLBCL after R-CHOP. Therapy with bendamustine plus rituximab (B-R) was well tolerated and effective in the preceding phase I study in relapsed/refractory aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, including DLBCL. This phase II study assessed the efficacy and safety of B-R in pts with relapsed/refractory DLBCL. Methods: Pts with histologically confirmed DLBCL (excluding transformed disease) and 1-3 prior therapies received rituximab 375 mg/m2 IV on day 1 and bendamustine 120 mg/m2 IV on days 2 and 3 of each 21-day cycle, for up to 6 cycles. Recovery of neutrophil count to ≥1,000/mm3 and platelet count to ≥75,000/mm3 were required prior to the start of each cycle; treatment delays >2 weeks resulted in discontinuation. The primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR); secondary endpoints included complete response (CR) rate, progression-free survival (PFS), and safety. Results: A total of 63 pts were enrolled...


Time-dependent infrared spectral changes were investigated for one-monolayer Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films of 2-alkyl-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (alkyl-TCNQ) on gold-evaporated glass slides and CaF2 plates. Significant intensity increases were observed with time for bands due to both the alkyl chain and TCNQ plane in the infrared reflection-absorption (RA) spectra of the LB films of dodecyl-, and pentadecyl-TCNQ while most of bands in the infrared transmission spectra of the LB films of the same compounds showed time-dependent intensity decreases. Time-dependent spectral changes in the ultraviolet-visible region were also measured for the one-monolayer LB films of pentadecyl-TCNQ.


This article attempts to develop "framing rules" for environmental problem-identification and problem-solving by inducing the production and disclosure of information that otherwise would be unavailable or difficult to obtain, or by altering the parties' incentives to act cooperatively in environmental problem-solving, rather than strategically attempting to thwart it. It argues that environmental programs should be structured to create incentives, both positive and negative, for private parties to continuously produce and disclose data that is relevant to solving environmental problems. In addition, policies should promote decentralized experimentation that can lead to the development of environmentally better technologies and production processes. Governments should provide centralized collection and analysis of locally produced data and create mechanisms for its efficient dissemination. In addition to centralized data and information collection, governments should identify categories of information that are best produced centrally and assign responsibility to centralized agencies to conduct or oversee that research.


The paper is focused on the study of the risks of the ro-ro passenger-ship terminals'operational system based on a fuzzy hierarchical analysis process.As is known, water transportation of passengers is one of the key traffic means in Dalian City, but the ro-ro passenger ship terminals'operation still remains in the preliminary stage of development.So, this paper has first of all introduced the safety assessment of the ro-ro passenger ship terminal's operation and then the fuzzy analysis hierarchy process (FAHP) method.Whereas it is necessary to point out the deficiencies of the traditional comprehensive assessment methods and the superiority of Ro-ro passenger ship termi- nals'operation, we do believe that it is absolutely necessary to see the underlying potential risks or hazardous factors existing for its applications in China's ro-ro passenger ship harbors.For example, with regard to the relevant safe affairs that are likely to take place in th roro passenger ship harbor's operation process, such as the passengers' dropping or drowning, vehicles collision, dangerous chemicals leakage which may be brought into the harbor area secretly, as well as the accidents with the ship berthing or leaving the harbor unexpectedly. To eliminate such unexpected liabilities with the ro-ro passenger ship terminal's operation, we have proposed the analysis steps for the application of the method.Taking the actual operation conditions of Dalian's ro-ro passenger ship terminals for example, in case the single ranking weight and the total weight of the elements in each layer were given, it would be possible to analyze and work out the dangerous and negative factors for the smooth transportation through qualitative and quantitative analysis.The accident prevention measures, which should be taken along with the safety operation system based on "the comprehensive passenger-vehicle-track-safety management in an emergency rescue system, have also been put forward.With the analysis results of the FAHP, it can be thought that the safety checklist analysis method we have brought about will be likely to be put into actual application to identify the hazards in the ro-ro passenger ship terminal's operation based on the criterions.Thus, it can be seen that the research work specified in this paper is expected to be taken as a reference to the research of the ro-ro passenger ship terminal safety operation status at least at home for the time being.


Break prediction models are important tools in asset management and rehabilitation planning of water distribution systems. To some extent though, they may depend on the configuration of the network as defined in the company database. This paper examines the effect of the length of pipe segments on break predictions and proposes methods for eliminating short sections of pipe sandwiched between longer pipes and for concatenating segments of the same (or similar) nature. A study was conducted on a large French network using a set of rules and length threshold values to prepare several different data files. These data files, containing the pipes' attribute information and associated break histories were used with the statistical model, LEYP, to make break predictions for each segment. The results were compared using a number of indicators. Ultimately, there would appear to be little benefit in concatenation as the model is likely to become less sensitive and less able to distinguish between risk factors.


In the paper,neural networks are applied to explore the solving problem of linear equations.The critria is l ∞ —norm(or Chebyshev' snorm),i.e. E ∞(x)= max x∈R n{|r i(x)|}或E ∞(x)= max x∈R n12r 2 i(x) instead of usual last-squares criteria.We first smooth the objective function E ∞(x) .Then we explore the unconstrained optimization problem by using neural networks.The convergence and stability of the network are discussed. [WT5HZ]


【Objective】 Hyperlipidemia is a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity.We attempted to develop a chemically-induced hyperlipidemic animal model in Kunming mice,using poloxamer 407.【Methods】 Male Kunming mice were randomly divided into 2 groups:control group without any intervention and poloxamer 407 group.After fasted overnight,a bolus of poloxamer 407(0.3 g/kg) was intraperitoneally injected into mice,and blood triglyceride and cholesterol were measured at 0,3,6,24,48 and 72 h after the injection.【Results】 Poloxamer 407 caused the increase of blood triglyceride more than 40-fold and cholesterol 5-fold.And this hyperlipidemic effect of poloxamer 407 lasted up to 72 h after injection.【Conclusions】 Poloxamer 407 induced Kunming mice may be used as a new hyperlipidemic animal model.


In this article the question of the use of biogas technology in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). The modern condition of development of biogas technology in the Russian Federation, presented data on the possibility of using biogas technology processing cattle manure in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), as the Russian Far East region of low temperature. The structure of the livestock by types of farms in the country, calculated yields of biogas and it is equivalent values.


JIM HUNTZINGER spearheads HighlandPath, the continuous improvement consulting group of Flexware Innovation in Fishers, Indiana. Mr. Huntzinger has spent over seven years as a manufacturing consultant helping businesses, ranging from global corporations to small privately held companies, implement lean tools and strategies and has researched at length the evolution of manufacturing in the United States and with an emphasis on lean influences and development. He can be reached at firstname.lastname@example.com and (317) 8135415.


matching, it's a crucial problem in computer vision and image processing. In order to improve the matching results, a proposed solution consists on employing geometric constraints. In this paper, we propose two effectiveness matching methods, which are called "First Found Is Winner" (FFIW) and "Polarity Coordinates And FFIW" (PC_FFIW). The first one is based on photometric data, while the second one, uses both photometric and geometric data. The proposed methods are based on three-step. Firstly, we detect for each image its corner points. Secondly, descriptors vectors are calculated for each corner points. Thirdly, to match the pair of images and , we apply a matching algorithm optimized to find the best match for each descriptor from the first image with the descriptors of the second image. Experimental results presented to demonstrate that our proposed methods are efficient and give promising results in terms of repeatability and processing time.


Synthesis and crystal structure of title molecule was reported here.The crystal is monoclinic,belonging to space group P21/a with unit cell parameter a=0.7384(2)nm,b=2.1496(4)nm,c=0.9973(2)nm,β=90.12(2)°,V=1.576 nm3,Z=4,R=0.059 for 1421 reflections.Molecular structure was discussed.There are three different planes in molecule,in each of which a conjugated system was formed.The empty 3dxz orbital of atom S enters the formation of conjugated bond.The intra-molecule hydrogen bond between atom N and H was found.


Purpose
This paper aims to identify potential issues for the travel and tourism industry, regarding technology in the digital era.

Design/methodology/approach
Travelport has defined five major themes in this area: big data, hybrid cloud, mobile, artificial intelligence and internet of things.

Findings
Issues such as personal data privacy, choice of solutions that preserve environmental sustainability, impact of the industry's environmental footprint and growing number of conflict areas around the world mean that ethics comes before business as a benchmark.

Originality/value
This paper presents the perspective of a global distribution system operator regarding trends and opportunities affecting the travel industry.


Nineteen pharmacists in Colorado filled 1 or more prescriptions last year for the 50 patients who obtained medications under the state's medical aid in dying statute, according to a report from the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment.

According to the report, 21 prescriptions for


The synthesis and crystal structure of eight new layered compounds in the (Mn2+, Fe2+)-(Sb3+, Te4+)-O-(Cl, Br) system are presented. Mn5Te4O12Cl2 (1), MnSb4O6Cl2 (2), Mn2Sb3O6Cl (3), Mn9Sb8O16Cl10 (4), Fe3Sb2O4Br4 (5), Fe7Sb10O18X8 [X = Cl (6), Br (7)], and Mn7Sb10O18Br8 (8). All of the compounds are made up of charge neutral layers held together through van der Waals interactions, except for compound 2, which has positively charged layers with halide ions between them that act as counterions. The transition metal atoms are confined in sheets within the layers and are thus well separated from each other along the stacking direction. The synthesis concept is based on utilizing both halide ions and p-elements having a stereochemically active lone pair that both act to open up crystal structures. This combination has proven to be a successful synthetic approach for finding new layered inorganic materials containing transition metals.


In How to learn science Anthony Seaton briefly explores the motivations behind learning science and medicine, and the differences between past and today's students.


Background This study was designed to evaluate the accuracy and usefulness of ultrasound in the hands of emergency physicians and medical officers who are non-radiologistsin assessing Trauma patients at Emergency Trauma Centre(ETC) at Teaching Hospital, Karapitiya, Galle, Sri Lanka Methodology We performed an observational study on Trauma patients admitted to Emergency Department at Teaching Hospital, Karapitiya from 1.12.2014 to 31.12.2014 who fulfilled indications for e-FAST using a specially designed performa. Accuracy of eFAST was tested by comparing the original with subsequent imaging, clinical decision by surgeons, findings at surgery or more than one of the above. Results 69 patients fulfilled the entry criteria.Nineteen of the scans were performed by consultants while rest was done by senior medical officers. All of them were trained in eFAST. Of the 20 scans which were positive there were four pneumothoraxes and one haemothorax. 15 scans which were positive for intraperitoneal free fluid were later. Out of 49 Patients who had negative scans 47 did not require surgery or any interventions. Other two required laparotomy later. Sensitivity and specificity ofeFast was 90.4% and 97.9% respectively. Positive predictive value was 95.0% while Negative predictive value was at 95.9% . Conclusions eFAST is a rapidand reliable alternative in detecting free intra-abdominal fluid as well as pneumotorax and haemothorax. It is a safe decision making tool which can be used with confidence and accuracy after brief training and experience by non radiologists which will reduce morbidity and mortality in trauma patients of Sri Lanka.


With an increasing need for higher data rates, both wireless applications and data links are demanding higher speed analog-todigital converters (ADC) with medium resolution. In particular, this work will investigate ADC's with sampling rate up to 10 Gs/s with 6-8 bits of resolution. Time-interleaved converters achieve their high sampling rate by placing several converters in parallel. Each individual converter, or channel, has a delayed sampling clock and operates at a reduced sampling rate. Therefore each channel is responsible for digitizing a different time slice. This method requires that the individual converters, which make up the parallel combination, be matched. Mismatches and non-idealities, such as gain error, timing error, and voltage offset, degrade the performance. Therefore channel matching is an important design consideration for time-interleaved ADCs.


Disclosed are components of a ultraviolet ray solidified printing ink for digital spraying machine and its preparing method. The UV solidified printing ink comprises of prepolymer, active monomer, color, photoinitiator, dispersant and surface active agent, which are mixed by a certain ratio, through grinded ( instantaneously ) and stirring to produce the product. The printing ink doesn't contain organic solvent, for environmental protection, it can be solidified in grinded ( instantaneously ) under the ultraviolet ray for satisfying high speed requirement, as well as print on glass steel,PE and PP film, eramic tile and film and other material, with wide application and bright future.


In reality, development that does not pay attention to spatial planning causes problems, namely the use of space with unclear needs and designation, so that it creates problems related to the chaos of urban planning, prolonged disasters, also raises population problems, this is as a result of development permits issued which violate many spatial regulation, so that the development carried out is not in accordance with the function of spatial planning, whereas in the spatial regulation there are heavy sanctions for perpetrators of spatial violations, but in reality the sanctions imposed do not provide a deterrent effect for the perpetrators and also do not benefit a recovery of spatial functions. In response to this, this article aims to provide recommendations in the application of sanctions that have been regulated in the Spatial Planning Law. This article in its preparation used the normative juridical method, with a multidisciplinary approach, covering spatial law, state administrative law and criminal law and was analyzed in a qualitative juridical manner. With this recommendation, it is expected to provide spatial law reform in Indonesia, especially in collaborating sanctions regulated in the Spatial Planning Act for both private individuals and corporations, as well as for spatial licensing officials, in an effort to achieve legal certainty and legal protection
Keywords: Strategy, Sanctions, Violations, Spatial Planning.


The Chemical Mixture Methodology (CMM) is widely used by the Department of Energy (DOE) and around the world to support emergency preparedness and response planning. Because fires and explosions at chemical processing, transportation, storage, and usage locations can release multiple chemicals into the atmosphere, it is important to accurately gauge the impact on human health of simultaneous exposure to multiple chemicals. There are many software tools available to assess the impacts resulting from the release of a single chemical but the CMM is one of the few that addresses chemical mixtures.


The purpose of this study is to characterize fracture modes in a concrete structure using an acoustic emission (AE) technique and a data-driven approach. To clarify the damage fracture process, the specimens, which are of reinforced concrete (RC) beams, undergo four-point bending tests. During bending tests, impulses occurring in the AE signals are automatically detected using a constant false-alarm rate (CFAR) algorithm. For each detected impulse, its acoustic emission parameters such as counts, duration, amplitude, risetime, energy, RA, AF are calculated and studied. The mean and standard deviation values of each of these parameters are computed in every 1-s AE signal and are considered as features demonstrating the damage status of concrete structures. The results revealed that as the damage level in concrete structures grows, these features also change accordingly which can be used to categorize the damage fracture stages. The study also carries out experiments to validate the efficiency of the proposed approaches in terms of visual and qualitative evaluations. Experimental results show that the proposed characterizing model is promising and outstanding with the classification performance in the experimental environment of over 82%.


In this paper active controllers are designed to synchronize two identical forced damped pendula. The performance of the controllers in the synchronization of the chaotic dynamics of the two pendula, resulting from different initial conditions, is investigated numerically and found to be effective. Transition from nonsynchronous state via both temporary phase lock (TPL) and intermittent synchronous states to complete synchronous state was observed. Journal of the Nigerian Association of Mathematical Physics Vol. 10 2006: pp. 143-148


The 1957 Harvard encounter between Paul Tillich and Zen master Shin'ichi Hisamatsu contains a wealth of information on the overlap and discrepancies between the two systems of thought, both individually and in regard to the larger East-West dialogue. This paper was written with the intent to mine the somewhat chaotic content of this historical document for elements leading to a systematic philosophical and theological investigation of underlying themes. In particular, it takes into account insights from Tillich's early German period to highlight the profound difference in his approach to the notion of paradox when compared to that of Zen Buddhism, a tradition he admired but was never fully able to penetrate


This project takes the idea of capturing movement, the growth and lifespan of a flower (weed) and transplant it from 18th century Paris to 21st century Glasgow.
En Tremble jewellery originates from Paris in the 18th century. During a recent visit to the Museum of London I was able to handle late 19th century examples. Tiny springs and hinges allow the flowers and blooms to move when worn.
Photographs were collected and stop frame animations made before 77 brooches were made from the animation stills. The trembling occurs in the movement of the animated weed. Each brooch acts as a single frame of animation, reconsidering jewellery in multiples. This is a new way of creating multiples in jewellery with each not being an exact copy but instead a very slight variant of the one that came before it.

The collection of brooches was awarded Best New Design by the Goldsmiths Company in 2017. The works was exhibited at the CAA, Gill Wing and Goldsmiths Hall.


A variety of methods have been applied to the architectural configuration and learning or training of artificial deep neural networks (DNN). These methods play a crucial role in the success or failure of the DNN for most problems and applications. Evolutionary algorithms (EAs) are gaining momentum as a computationally feasible method for the automated optimization of DNNs. Neuroevolution is a term, which describes these processes of automated configuration and training of DNNs using EAs. While many works exist in the literature, no comprehensive surveys currently exist focusing exclusively on the strengths and limitations of using neuroevolution approaches in DNNs. Absence of such surveys can lead to a disjointed and fragmented field preventing DNNs researchers potentially adopting neuroevolutionary methods in their own research, resulting in lost opportunities for wider application within real-world deep learning problems. This article presents a comprehensive survey, discussion, and evaluation of the state-of-the-art in using EAs for architectural configuration and training of DNNs. This article highlights the most pertinent current issues and challenges in neuroevolution and identifies multiple promising future research directions. Impact Statement—The concept of deep learning originated from the study of artificial neural networks (ANNs). ANNs have achieved extraordinary results in a variety of diverse application areas. Numerous methods have been applied to the architectural configuration and learning or training of artificial DNN and these methods play a crucial role in the success or failure of the DNN for most problems and applications. Recently, EAs have been gaining momentum as a computationally feasible method (called neuroevolution) for the automated configuration and learning or training of DNNs. This article reviews over 170 recent scientific papers describing how major EAs paradigms are being applied by researchers to the configuration and optimization of multiple DNNs. By articulating a clear understanding of the context, state-of-the-art, and feasibility of Neuroevolution, researchers in AI, EAs, and DNN will benefit from this article. The impact of this article comes from contributing toward enhancing research capacity, knowledge, and skills for researchers currently working in neuroevolution and actively engaging those considering becoming involved in this area.


An analysis of seasonal variations in climatological surface chlorophyll points to distinct biogeographical zones in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre. In particular, the Labrador Sea appears well delineated into two regions on either side of the 60°N parallel, with very different climatological phytoplankton biomass cycles. Indeed, north of 60°N, an early and short spring bloom occurs in late April, while south of 60°N, the bloom gradually develops 1 month later and significant biomass persists all summer long. Nevertheless, at climatological scale, the first‐order mechanism that controls the bloom is identical for both bioregions. The light‐mixing regime can explain the bloom onset in both bioregions. In the Labrador Sea, the blooms seem to rely on a mean community compensation irradiance threshold value of 2.5 mol photon m−2 d−1 over the mixed layer.


The application of shear walls as a primary earthquake resistant mechanism in structural design is traditionally accepted and used over the last decades. However, very often, older structures having shear walls no longer comply with the contemporary standards and codes which raise the need for their strengthening and retrofit. Many strengthening measures and techniques have been designed and used. One of the newest and most promising is the use of externally bonded FRP strips and sheets. Intensive research has started in order to design the most economic and efficient technique for application of these materials. Different modeling approaches have been employed in these designs. This paper presents the attempt to formulate a new material model that could be used to model FRP strengthened RC member and its implementation into ANSYS. The model results are tested against the available experimental data in order to verify its correctness and practical usability.


Aims & Objectives: To assess the relative usefulness of ultrasound (USG) guided fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in diagnosis of thyroid lesions over conventional FNAC (C-FNAC) & to evaluate the possible causes of pitfalls of cytological diagnosis. Materials & Methods: The study included 84 patients with thyroid swellings. Among them 48 patients underwent only conventional FNAC & 36 underwent both conventional & USG guided FNAC (USGFNAC). Histology was available in 40 cases- 18 from C-FNAC patients & 22 from combined conventional & guided FNAC patients. Cyto-histological correlation was done & diagnostic accuracy calculated. Results: Inadequacy rate was higher with C-FNAC (10.42%) than that of USG-FNAC(2.78%). Sensitivity, specificity & diagnostic accuracy was 71.43%, 90.91%, 83.33% respectively with C-FNAC & 100%, 92.31% , 95.45% respectively with USG-FNAC. False positive & false negative rates were – 5.56% & 11.11% for C-FNAC and 4.55% & zero percent with USG-FNAC. Conclusion: FNAC under USG guidance significantly increases the diagnostic accuracy in thyroid lesions than C-FNAC alone; thus reducing the turnaround time & cost in accurate management. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.16(2) 2017 p.274-280


Microscope, in particular a laser scanning microscope with an adaptive optical device in the microscope beam path, comprising two reflective elements, of which one is formed as an adaptive optical element comprises at least, both of which are aligned with their reflector surface perpendicular to the optical axes of the microscope beam path and a polarizing beam splitter, the splitter layer is located in the vertex of two orthogonal arms of the microscope beam path or two orthogonal parts of a folded microscope beam path, wherein a first of the adaptive elements of the one arm and the other is associated with the second arm and in each arm between the beam splitter and the adaptive reflective element is a λ / 4 plate, and a detection device to which the detection light is directed and which is attached via the evaluation and control devices with the adaptive elements.


Systems for Community Question Answering (CQA) are well-known on the open web (e.g. Stack Overflow or Quora). They have been recently adopted also for use in educational domain (mostly in MOOCs) to mediate communication between students and teachers. As students are only novices in topics they learn about, they may need various scaffoldings to achieve effective question answering. In this work, we focus specifically on automatic recommendation of tags classifying students' questions. We propose a novel method that can automatically analyze a text of a question and suggest appropriate tags to an asker. The method takes specifics of educational domain into consideration by a two-step recommendation process in which tags reflecting course structure are recommended at first and consequently supplemented with additional related tags. Evaluation of the method on data from CS50 MOOC at Stack Exchange platform showed that the proposed method achieved higher performance in comparison with a baseline method (tag recommendation without taking educational specifics into account).


The University of Washington through its Departments of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering (College of Engineering), Department of Earth and Space Sciences, and School of Oceanography (College of the Environment), and by way of its Applied Physics Laboratory, which links all four of these academic units, offers a diverse graduate education experience in underwater acoustics. A summary is provided of the research infrastructure, primarily made available through Applied Physics Laboratory, which allows for ocean going and arctic field opportunities, and course options offered through the four units that provide the multi-disciplinary background essential for graduate training in the field of underwater acoustics. Students in underwater acoustics can also mingle in or extend their interests into medical acoustics research. Degrees granted include both the M.S and Ph.D.


Previous research on the discrepancy between real and ideal self-concepts has shown this gap to be related to neuroticism and various forms of emotional discomfort. Although authors have speculated about the relation between guilt and the real-ideal gap, no previous study has directly explored this relationship. The current study specifically examined the relationship of conscience-guilt to self-reported discrepancies between real and ideal self-concepts in 57 adults (24 to 38 yr. old). A significant positive correlation of .5 between these sets of scores indicates that greater real-ideal self-concept discrepancy tends to be associated with greater self-report of guilt.


35 Preclinical studies support a critical role of 5-HT4 receptors (5-HT4Rs) in depression 36 and anxiety, but their influence in depressionand anxiety-like behaviours and the 37 effects of antidepressants remain partly unknown. We evaluated 5-HT4R knockout (KO) 38 mice in different anxiety and depression paradigms and mRNA expression of some 39 neuroplasticity markers (BDNF, trkB and Arc) and the functionality of 5-HT1AR. 40 Moreover, the implication of 5-HT4Rs in the behavioural and molecular effects of 41 chronically administered fluoxetine was assessed in naïve and olfactory bulbectomized 42 mice (OBX) of both genotypes. 5-HT4R KO mice displayed few specific behavioural 43 impairments including reduced central activity in the open-field (anxiety), and 44 decreased sucrose consumption and nesting behaviour (anhedonia). In these mice, we 45 measured increased levels of BDNF and Arc mRNA and reduced levels of trkB mRNA 46 in the hippocampus, and a desensitization of 5-HT1A autoreceptors. Chronic 47 administration of fluoxetine elicited similar behavioural effects in WT and 5-HT4R KO 48 mice on anxiety-and depression-related tests. Following OBX, locomotor hyperactivity 49 and anxiety were similar in both genotypes. Interestingly, chronic fluoxetine failed to 50 reverse this OBX-induced syndrome in 5-HT4R KO mice, a response associated with 51 differential effects in hippocampal neuroplasticity biomarkers. Fluoxetine reduced 52 hippocampal Arc and BDNF mRNA expressions in WT but not 5-HT4R KO mice 53 subjected to OBX. These results demonstrate that the absence of 5-HT4Rs triggers 54 adaptive changes that could maintain emotional states, and that the behavioural and 55 molecular effects of fluoxetine under pathological depression appear to be critically 56 dependent on 5-HT4Rs. 57 58 59


In the eighties of the last century, the intensive mixer started on a triumphal march through this industry. Originally used as a high-performance replacement of slowly running batch mixers and as a remixer-cooler downstream a continuously operated kneader, the intensive mixer constantly opened up new fields of application in the carbon sector such as the "all-intensive" anode paste preparation by means of an Eirich Mixing Cascade system (EMC) as well as batch preparation systems for graphite electrode manufacturing and for graphite specialties.


Construct the model of credit rating and default probability base on Bayesian methods,point out that financial institutions can make use of existing credit rating information to improve the accuracy of debtor's risk assessment,and measure portfolio default risk base on the single debtor's default probability measurement methods and Merton theory,which captures the different impact of macroeconomic fluctuation on the debtor due to heterogeneity.The examples of utilizing the relevant data are presented to illuminate application of the model,the results show that Bayesian method has more flexible framework and better prediction ability.


The NHS is nearing the end of the road for making obvious costs savings, and larger gains would require major service transformations, a survey of finance directors has shown.

The poll by the Healthcare Financial Management Association found rising "pessimism" among finance directors about their organisations' ability to meet targets set out in financial plans. The association said that more and more trusts were reporting deficits and that real savings would be harder to come by in future years, although it was encouraged by the fact that finance directors did not see service …


Electro-hydrostatic actuators (EHAs) are hydraulic actuators with high power-to-weight ratios that exhibit low energy loss. Thus far, methods for determining the characteristics and parameters of EHAs have not been fully established. Therefore, modeling methods for EHA are in demand. EHAs are driven by servomotors on the motor-side and hydraulic motors on the load-side, and therefore, the actuators are expected to experience sympathetic vibrations. Thus, EHAs can be considered as systems in which two rigid objects are connected to one another with a low-rigidity shaft such as a spring. The occurrence of resonance in EHAs has not yet been discussed because of difficulties with hydraulic systems. One major problem is the large friction in hydraulic motors. We apply a feedback modulator for friction compensation to enable the experimental identification of characteristics. Assuming that EHAs experience two-inertia resonance, the parameters of the motors can be calculated. In addition, vibration-suppression techniques for two-inertia systems can be applied to EHAs. This study proposes the application of a two-inertia model to suppress vibrations in EHAs and verify their dynamic characteristics.


Sensitive surrogate markers for multiple sclerosis progression are lacking, especially those specific to neuronal cell damage. The authors demonstrated, in a 2-year follow-up, that the global N -acetyl-l-aspartate neuronal-specific marker concentration decline was more sensitive than clinical (EDSS) measures and MRI metrics on individual and group bases.

See p. 1383

Spinal involvement is surprisingly common in patients with basilar neurocysticercosis. Sixty-one percent of 28 patients with basilar neurocysticercosis showed spinal involvement by MRI compared to 4% with parenchymal disease alone. Although …


This chapter analyses A Nightmare on Elm Street as a remake of the 1984 film and a reboot to the Elm Street franchise. Part of this rebooting entailed establishing a complex authorial identity for the film, aligning it with Christopher Nolan's work with the Batman reboots and Wes Craven, whose own status as auteur had changed since directing the original Elm Street film. Further, Proctor shows how paratexts situate the reboot as a return to the scariness of the original Elm Street film, disavowing the later more comic films in the series, in such a way that likewise aligns the reboot with Nolan's Batman films.


Before independence there was a dearth of publications in Kiswahili literature. Due to that scarcity, the education sector was greatly affected. During that period, Kiswahili had already grounded itself and was used as an important tool in the wider societal communication. So as to bridge the gap in the written Kiswahili literature, books written in other languages were translated into Kiswahili. Those translations contributed to the small collection of Kiswahili books that were available then. During this period, some Kiswahili enthusiasts such as Sheikh Shaaban Robert started composing poems, novels, short stories and plays in Kiswahili. At this time, more books written in other languages were translated into Kiswahili. This state of affairs has been going on in East Africa up to the present. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the contribution of this 'foreign literature' to Kiswahili literature. Also, the paper highlights thedevelopment, contribution and the future of translated literature in Kiswahili. Last but not least, the creative deficiency of these translations has been expounded by highlighting the way themes have been crafted in the context of the life and culture of the people of East Africa.


Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II molecules are loaded with peptides in distinct subcellular compartments. The transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) is responsible for delivering pep- tides derived from cytosolic proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum, where they bind to class I molecules, while the invariant chain (Ii) directs class II molecules to endosomal compartments, where they bind peptides originating mostly from exogenous sources. Mice carrying null mutations of the TAP1 or Ii genes (TAP10 or Ii°, respectively) have been useful tools for elucidating the two MHC/peptide loading pathways. To evaluate to what extent these pathways functionally inter-sect, we have studied the biosynthesis of MHC molecules and the generation of T cells in Ii°TAP10 double-mutant mice. We find that the assembly and expression of class II molecules in li° and Ii°TAP10 animals are indistinguishable and that formation


The tension development of rapid cooling contracture (RCC) of toe muscle of Rana nigromaculata treated with 1.0 mM caffeine in various hypertonic or hypotonic solutions was measured by mechanoelectric transducer. The tension output of RCC decreased in hypertonic NaCl solution in which the concentration of NaCl was increased and in hypertonic solution prepared by addition of KCl to the normal Ringer solution. The RCC tension output was not altered in isotonic solution in which NaCl was isotonically substituted for KCl in normal Ringer solution, but it decreased in test solution in which KCl was hypertonically increased. However, the RCC tension output was not altered in a solution in which urea was hypertonically added to the normal Ringer solution. The RCC tension output increased in hypotonic solution prepared by reducing the concentration of NaCl in normal Ringer solution; its value was maintained at an osmotic strength of 200-210 m Osm/kg H2O and was reduced at 160 m O sm/kg H2O. In conclusion, the tension development of rapid cooling contracture in hypertonic and hypotonic solutions was similar to the data on crayfish muscle (APRIL et al., 1968), in which the ionic strength of the intracellular space is a major determinant of the mechanical response to a given activation of Ca mechanical coupling.


Contents: Introduction What the Chinese said about law Fazhi as rule of/by law 'Ought to' as a legal performative Rights talk in Chinese Chinese law and imprecise language Doing things with words in the constitution Chinese lawmaking as a communicative act Translating law over space and time Last words Appendix Bibliography Index.


We present results for meson masses and decay constants measured on 24{sup 3} x 64 lattices using the domain wall fermion formulation with an extension of the fifth dimension of L{sub s} = 16 for N{sub f} 2 + 1 dynamical quark flavors. The lightest dynamical meson mass in our set-up is around 331MeV. while partially quenched mesons reach masses as low as 250MeV. The applicability of SU(3) x SU(3) and SU(2) x SU(2) (partially quenched) chiral perturbation theory will be compared and we quote values for the low-energy constants from both approaches. We will extract the average light quark and strange quark masses and use a non-perturbative renormalization technique (RI/MOM) to quote their physical values. The pion and kaon decay constants are determined at those values from our chiral fits and their ratio is used to obtain the CKM-matrix element |V{sub us}|. The results presented here include statistical errors only.


The purpose of this study was to determine how the effect of giving rubber seed flour to the production and weight of quail eggs. Includes ration consumption, egg production, egg weight, and feed conversion, which this research was carried out in this research has been carried out Tanjung Sanai II Village, Kec. Ulak Tanding Padang. This research was experimental and carried out using factorial randomized complete variance analysis (RAL) consisting of 6 treatment levels and 4 replications and each treatment consisted of 4 quails. The treatment used is: P0: 100% Commercial ration without rubber seed flour, P1: 94% Commercial ration + 6% rubber seed flour, P2: 91% Commercial ration + 9% rubber seed flour, P3: 88% Commercial ration + 12% rubber seed flour, P4: 85% Commercial ration + 15% rubber seed flour, P5: 82% Commercial ration + 18% rubber seed flour. The results of this study used the rate of addition of rubber seed flour as much as 18% from the ration given, and significantly affected the conversion of rations and did not significantly affect ration consumption, egg production and egg weight.


Introduced the reinforcing cage up-floating phenomenon in tube-sinking poured pile construction process,the construction technology was analyzed and corresponding measures were taken.However,the problems still existed.Based on the force analysis of reinforcing cage in the concrete,and find the reason of reinforcing cage up-floating root causes in different geological conditions.Accumulated experience to the subsequent pile foundation construction,and ensure the quality of piles.


A new class of polysulfonamideimide has been synthesized by the two-step cyclopolycondensation of 4-chlorosulfonylphthalic anhydride with aliphatic and aromatic diamines. The polycondensation-addition reaction proceeded through the formation of poly(sulfonamideamide acids), and a subsequent thermal or chemical cyclodehydration of the precursor polymers yielded polysulfonamideimides. The poly(sulfonamide amide acids) having inherent viscosity in the range of 0.1–0.7 in dimethylacetamide were obtained in high yield. All of the polymers were soluble in polar aprotic solvents and in basic solvents. Aromatic polysulfonamideimide derived from bis(4-aminophenyl) ether began to decompose at around 350°C in air as determined by differential thermal analysis and thermogravimetric analysis.


An experimental study has been conducted to investigate the effect of tunnel slope on critical velocity by using the model tunnel of the 1/20 reduced-scale applying the Froude scaling law. the square liquid pool burners were used for methanol, acetone and n-heptane fires. tunnel. Tunnel slopes varied as five different degrees 0°, 2°, 4°, 6° and 8°. The mass loss rate and the temperatures are measured by a load cell and K-type thermocouples for tunnel slope. Present study results in bigger the critical velocity than the research of Atikinson and Wu using the propane burner. Therefore, when estimating the critical velocity in slope tunnel, the variations of the heat release rate is an important factor. The reason is the ventilation velocity directly affects variation of heat release rate when slope tunnel fire occurred.


The level of Guizhou's GDP,urbanization and its situation of changes and cooperation with other area reflect its state of marginalization.Not only historical reasons,but also poor infrastructure,irrational industrial structure and long-term disadvantaged situation of regional cooperation caused the marginalization of Guizhou.To change this marginalized status,it should build a multi-regional cooperation network,strengthen infrastructure construction,speed up the industrialization process of resource industry,avoid vicious competition in the region and eliminate the regional monopoly.


Understanding the impact of farming practices on the composition of weed communities has important implications for the sustainability of weed management strategies. This study analyses data from a 40-year experiment established at two sites in the Czech Republic in 1972. The impact of herbicide strategies on the weed communities was evaluated in multi-crop rotation (MCR) with 50% cereals, and simple crop rotations (SCR) with 75% cereals. The following two herbicide strategies were compared: (1) simple treatment with synthetic auxins only in the simple crop rotation, and (2) targeted herbicide combinations with particular use of sulfonylureas, triazines, ureas and synthetic auxins. Untreated plots were included for reference purposes. Results showed that crop was the major factor determining weed community composition and explained 18% of the total variation in the case of untreated controls. However, herbicide treatment reduced the crop effect to 11%. The highest average increase of Shannon´s diversity index was by 25.4% after 44 years at the untreated plots in SCR, and it decreased by 15.1% at the treated plots in MCR. Weed species evenness € increased at all plots by an average of 23%. Simpson´s dominance index decreased at untreated plots in both crop rotations and plots treated with auxins, with the highest 44.8% decrease at the untreated plots in SCR. On the contrary, Simpson´s index increased by 33,3% on the treated plots in MCR. Herbicide selection depended on the occurrence and density of target weed species, and led to greater decrease in weed diversity and population densities in the diversified crop rotations.


The following article deals with the useful, new, creative forms of integrative teaching of Chemistry in secondary schools and Lyceums creating connections between Chemistry and other school subjects. The samples from work experience are given in this article.


Abstract As part of the general investigation of Ricci flow on complete surfaces with finite total curvature, we study this flow for surfaces with asymptotically conical (which includes as a special case asymptotically Euclidean) geometries. After establishing long-time existence, and in particular the fact that the flow preserves the asymptotically conic geometry, we prove that the solution metric g(t) expands at a locally uniform linear rate; moreover, the rescaled family of metrics t−1g(t) exhibits a transition at infinite time inasmuch as it converges locally uniformly to a complete, finite area hyperbolic metric which is the unique uniformizing metric in the conformal class of the initial metric g0.


The DC voltages with low drift and noise are important parts in infrared focal plan array test system.A kind of 7-order non-drift all-pole active low-pass filter is designed based on the detailed requirement of the detector test system.The AC analysis results show that the designed filter meets the design requirement,the power frequency and high frequency noise are restrained effectively.the Monte-Carlo analysis of the attenuation and transmission character of the filter show the filter has the merit of low device statistical sensibility.At last,the output noise effects of the resisters is analyzed,the noise effects of the resisters and the total noise power spectral density curve of the output are simulated.


Abstract The fatigue performance of a new type of butt-welded tensile-plate cable-girder anchorage that requires higher load-bearing capacity and lower stress concentration compared with normal ten...


Due to energy crisis as well as environmental pollution issues, it is necessity for the establishment of alternatives energy harvester system in reducing the dependency of the primary resources such as oil and coal. The purpose of this research is to investigate working principle of the thermoelectric (TE) which able to harvest waste heat energy through a portable air conditioner and convert it to electrical energy. To optimise the TE performance, a number of TE configurations via experimental analysis are carried out which are significantly affecting the output power and the conversion efficiency of the TE system. From this research, it is concluded that proper design of the TE system is required to improve its energy conversion efficiency.


credibility once inflation exploded, so a new target was required as part of an effective confidence-building strategy. Or perhaps the prior relationship between interest rates and inflation, as captured by the Fed's econometric model, broke down at high inflation rates, rendering the traditional intermediate target unreliable and forcing policy makers to experiment with alternatives. Volcker does not tell us. The chapters on this period are vivid, although most of the stories are well known: how farmers, protesting against high borrowing costs, encircled the Board building with tractors; and how homebuilders, dismayed by high interest rates, mailed Volcker sawedoff two by fours. One of the new anecdotes concerns a 1984 White House meeting involving Volcker, Ronald Reagan, and James Baker, the president's chief of staff. The meeting took place outside the Oval Office, presumably in order to avoid being captured by its taping system. Baker bluntly delivered the message: "The president is ordering you not to raise interest rates before the election." Volcker saw Reagan as exceeding his authority and threatening the Fed's Congressionally mandated independence. His response, effective insofar as the instruction was not repeated, was to get up and leave the room without a word. As this episode and others in the book make clear, attempts by the White House to interfere with the conduct of monetary policy are not new. The message for Jerome Powell is: do not rise to the bait. That said, Volcker was fortunate in that it was not, in fact, his intention to raise interest rates in the second half of 1984, given the recent collapse of Continental Illinois Bank and weakness of the economy. Under other circumstances, his decision to leave the room, objections unvoiced, might not have had such a happy result. Both books touch, but only in passing, on President Donald Trump and his characteristic economic policies. These sit uneasily with Greenspan's commitment to free trade, Volcker's commitment to good governance, and the importance attached by both men to the independence of the Federal Reserve. One cannot help but sense that the last chapters of both accounts remain to be written.


We will discuss the basic ideas regarding nuclear processes occurring in stars. We start from stellar observations, will then elaborate on important quantum‐mechanical phenomena governing nuclear reactions, continue with how nuclear reactions proceed in a hot stellar plasma and, finally, we will provide an overview of stellar burning stages. This lecture is directed towards the student of nuclear astrophysics.


This paper presents the general framework of operational oceanography both at national and european scales, in terms of needs and developments to produce information to be used by a variety of users, from research to operational agencies, industry and socioeconomic actors.


Objective: Based on the systematic pharmacological database of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and the analysis platform TCMSP, the computer virtual screening technique was used to screen the small molecule inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 3CL hydrolase from Chinese materia medica (CMM), and speculate the potential anti-COVID-19 novel coronavirus pneumonia TCMs and its compounds. Methods: SARS-CoV-2 3CL hydrolase protein was targeted in this study. Autodock Vina software and Python script were used to realize high-throughput molecular docking. Combined with "ADME-Lipinski" rules, the re-screening was carried out to optimize the active ingredients and speculate the key TCMs and compound prescriptions. Based on the perspective of network pharmacology, a component-target-pathway network was constructed to infer the mechanism of action of core drug pairs. Results: Taking the reference ligand as positive control, 66 natural micromolecule compounds with good pharmacokinetic properties were obtained. Twelve single TCMs, two Chinese medicine pairs of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-Mori Cortex and Lonicerae Japonicae Flos-Forsythiae Fructus, and 12 TCM prescriptions including Sangju Drink and modified Sangju Drink and Yinqiao Powder were selected as candidate schemes to fight against novel coronavirus pneumonia. Conclusion: This study is based on high-throughput molecular docking technology to virtually screen small molecule inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 3CL hydrolase of CMM and Chinese medicines, innovatively analyze the potential molecular mechanism in combination with network pharmacology, and provide scientific guidance and theoretical basis for TCM to resist novel coronavirus pneumonia.


With economic and technological development, numerical age became an important dimension of social differentiation in the U.S.. The vast majority of American now have the ability to report their own age and the ages of relatives with accuracy. Nevertheless, studies have found that age misreporting remains substantial for older African Americans. This article describes levels of age misreporting and investigates the determinants of age reporting accuracy on the death certificates of a national sample of native-born African Americans aged 65 and older. Consistent with previous studies, levels of age misreporting are found to be high. When checked against childhood census records, only 53% of the death certificate ages are correctly reported; more than 10% are misstated by five years or more. Multivariate results provide compelling evidence that the quality of age reporting critically depends on interaction with age-linked institutions


Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education:Bleeding tendency is frequently seen due to disturbances in platelet adhesion and aggregation in hemodialysis. Rafieian-Kopaie and his colleague undertaken a study on 36 chronic hemodialysis patients. They found a negative association of serum magnesium with mean platelet volume. This finding needs further consideration to find clinical significance of this study.


To study the effect of climate change across different latitudinal gradients on an aquatic invasive species in North America, filtration rates of Dreissena polymorpha were examined as part of a manipulative experiment. We took into consideration three regions across North America that the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) predicts to experience different increases in temperature by the year 2100. These three climates were simulated at the University of Michigan Biological Station in Pellston, MI and used as habitats for D. polymorpha. The effect of climate change was taken into consideration by measuring the chlorophyll A concentration at current average lake temperatures and temperatures adjusted for climate change predictions. We found that only the trials run at the mid-latitudinal region (Douglas Lake of Pellston, MI) showed a significant difference between D. polymorpha filtration rates at current and predicted climate change temperatures. We did not see a significant difference in filtration rates between the environments at current and predicted climate change temperatures at the higher (Flindt Lake of Ignace, ON) or lower (Lake Placid of Lake Placid, FL) latitudinal region. In addition, we examined the differences in D. polymorpha filtration rates due to increased temperature between the three latitudinal regions. Upon analysis of our data, we did not find a significant difference in this respect. Key Terms Climate Change, Invasive Species, Zebra Mussel (Dreissena polymorpha), Filtration Rates, Phytoplankton Introduction For the past two centuries, atmospheric carbon levels have been rising tremendously causing global climate change, resulting in a steady increase in global average water temperatures (Christensen et al., 2007). As a consequence of climate change, many ecosystems have become highly vulnerable to disturbances, leading to increased susceptibility to invasive species. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) identifies marine invasive


SUMMARY The variation in cell length within one growth ring at the one level has been studied in 28 angiosperme and 8 gymnosperms. In those angiosperms with distinct growth rings a definite increase in fibre length has been found from the first-formed early wood to the last-formed late wood within the one growth ring; in species without definite growth rings little or no variation in fibre length has been observed over radial distances covering the growth of several years. The relationship between these changes in cell length and growing conditions has been discussed. In gymnosperms a slight but definite increase in tracheid length from early wood to late wood was noted in most cases. Where compression wood was present a definite drop in tracheid length occurred.


Battery electric buses are used for operation on urban bus routes. The main disadvantage of battery electric buses is their limited range that depends on energy consumption. This paper presents a new approach to the estimation of energy consumption on urban bus routes based on driving and energy profiles. The energy consumption results from the travel parameters along the bus route. The travel parameters are described by driving profiles. The determination of driving profiles is based on GPS location data recorded by a receiver on a bus. Location data are recorded at consecutive track points at a constant frequency. For each track point, the distance to the preceding track point is determined using the location data, and then the speed and acceleration are calculated. The analyzed bus route is divided into sections. For each section, travel parameters consisting of travel time, speed parameters, and acceleration parameters are determined. Using travel parameters, the energy consumption is estimated for individual sections and the entire bus route. The estimated energy consumption is described by energy profiles. Experimental results have been obtained for the selected urban bus route under various traffic conditions. For the assumed model of energy consumption, the energy consumed on the entire bus route is 1.8 KWh/km at off-peak hours and 2.1 KWh/km at peak hours. The driving and energy profiles describe the urban bus routes well and allow evaluation of the suitability of the bus route for operation with battery electric buses.


The Arcos Principles is part of the 1994 Annual Proceedings of The Association for the Study of the Cuban Economy.


Electrical power dissipation has been an unfortunate penalty paid for achieving net CW gain in silicon Raman amplifiers and lasers. We report the first observation of net CW gain with zero electrical power dissipation.


With the advent of the fourth industrial revolution, the idea of digital twinning is becoming more and more well-known in business and academics globally. A microgrid (MG) digital twin is a digital representation of a MG that mimics the behavior of its physical counterpart using high-fidelity models and simulation platforms. The physical system is constantly monitored and managed by the digital twin. This paper develops a digital twin of a real time MG, installed at the commercial building, and evaluates the electrical, financial, and environmental performance of the MG. The MG digitaltwin is analyzed based on three seasons namely summer, winter and rainy. The power management of the MG is achieved by regulating the DC link voltage and further maintaining the power balance between generation & load demand. The economic and environmental analysis shows that, after installing real-time MG, the total cost of power consumption of buildingandtotal CO2 emission is drastically reduced especially in summer andwinter seasons.


The present invention relates to a self car delivery system comprising a guide rail and self-car, the car can be moved on their own rail; their own car with a bottom rail positioned below the spreader is connected to the spreader carriage can follow their own guide rail; own car the vehicle control unit is provided, and the position of a position identifier on the identification card in the rail vehicle control unit corresponding mating; location identifier in the controller is connected to the trolley vehicle control unit, the output of the controller and with the trolley driving their own car in motion on a guide rail attached to the carriage actuator. The present invention makes simplify system wiring and reduce the cost, convenience, reconstructed high commissioning and maintenance; car controller identifies its position, by a program capable of autonomously self-controlled car, trolley between the main controller and wireless controller uses communications, avoiding the prior art to connect the main controller and the car controller from a trolley line means, the reliability of communication from the master.


Hypoxia-inducible factor 2 alpha (HIF2a) is arguably the most important driver of kidney cancer. HIF2a is constitutively activated following von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) gene inactivation, the signature event of the most common type of kidney cancer, clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). HIF2a functions as a heterodimeric transcription factor and regulates a program of gene expression that promotes cell proliferation, stemness, and angiogenesis. Using a highly specific inhibitor designed to target a structural vulnerability in HIF2a (PT2399), we previously showed that approximately 50% of ccRCCs are dependent on HIF2a. However, prolonged drug exposure results in resistance and the acquisition of gatekeeper mutations, which we reported first in patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) and subsequently in humans. Using the same PDX platform that previously validated PT2399, we show that HIF2a can be effectively inhibited using a tumor-directed siRNA (siHIF2). Referring herein to both first- and second-generation (ARO-HIF2) siRNA drugs, siHIF2 is specifically taken up by human ccRCC tumors transplanted in mice, where it depletes HIF2a inhibiting target gene expression and tumor growth. Through orthogonal RNA-seq studies integrating both PT2399 and siHIF2 in PDXs, we provide unprecedented detail on the HIF2a effector transcriptome, which we further dissect by incorporating ChIP-seq. A PDX line was generated from a ccRCC patient who had paraneoplastic polycythemia (a HIF2a dependent syndrome due to erythropoietin [Epo] secretion by the tumor) and participated in the phase I trial of ARO-HIF2 (NCT04169711). We show that siHIF2 effectively depleted HIF2a in both the PDX as well as in the patient, that it normalized Epo (and hemoglobin), and that it inhibited tumor growth. siHIF2 has activity against both wild-type and drug-resistant mutant HIF2a and is expected to be active in patients progressing on PT2977 (belzutifan), a PT2399-related drug recently approved by the FDA. To our knowledge, this is the first example of functional inactivation of an oncoprotein with a tumor-directed siRNA in humans. In summary, these studies provide unique insight into HIF2a (the only known core dependency in ccRCC), illustrate how it can be effectively inhibited by an siRNA drug, and establish a paradigm for the development of tumor directed siRNA-based therapeutics.
 Citation Format: Yuanqing Ma, Christina Stevens, Olivia Brandenburg, Vanina Toffessi Tcheuyap, Quyen N. Do, Faeze Saatchi, Tanner Hardy, Oluwatomilade Fatunde, Alyssa Macchiaroli, Jeffrey Miyata, Deyssy Carrillo, Thomas Schluep, So Wong, Alana Christie, Payal Kapur, Ivan Pedrosa, James Hamilton, James Brugarolas. Targeting HIF2a with siRNA: From preclinical models to the clinic [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 6304.


Abstract Introduction. A contrast-enhanced CT examination can have negative health implications. It can spark both allergic and other adverse reactions. Aim. The study aimed at analyzing the incidence of acute allergic reactions to Ultravist 370, used as a contrast medium in a CT examination. Material and methods. The analysis of medical records that comprised 12295 patients who had undergone a CT examination. Women accounted for 50.7% of the study participants. Mean age of the patients was 62 years (min. 15; max. 92, SD=10.123). In the study, 6219 patients were examined without using a contrast medium and 6076 individuals underwent a contrast-enhanced CT examination. In the further analysis, Group 1 comprised of 15 patients from the contrastenhanced CT examination group who confirmed being allergic to a contrast medium after the CT examination and Group 2 comprised 49 persons who had reported being allergic to iodine before the CT examination. Results. 15 patients (8 women and 7 men) developed an allergy to Ultravist 370 (contrast medium). An acute allergic reaction was most likely to happen in two groups of patients: between 31-40 and 51-60 years. Some 12 out of 15 patients had no contraindications for taking an iodine-based contrast medium. The most frequent allergic reactions to Ultravist 370 were rash and urticaria (15 patients). Five patients out of those who experienced adverse reactions reported two symptoms of allergy each while other patients reported one symptom only. Patients with mild symptoms of acute reaction to a contrast medium (15 patients) received pharmacotherapy recommended by a radiologist. Some 13 individuals received Solu-Medrol intravenously and 2 patients received Solu-Medrol intravenously and Fenicort intramuscularly. Conclusions. 1. Using Ultravist 370 in patients is safe, since there is very low risk of adverse side effects caused by the application of this contrast medium. 2. In the present study, age, gender, and risk factors contributed to the development of acute allergic reactions. However, due to the small size of the study group, it is obvious that issues like the incidence of symptoms of discomfort or intolerance of the drug need further research. 3. Owing to the fact that essential biochemical tests had not been performed on a large group of patients, doctors referring patients to a CT examination should take care of their own safety by properly preparing themselves for this procedure. 4. It seems essential to develop and implement regular trainings for CT laboratory staff with reference to the following issues: the incidence and nature of acute adverse reactions to non-ionic contrast medium (Ultravist 370), as well as the procedures for dealing with side effects


Harmful algae can cause economic damage to fisheries and tourism. Additionally, toxins produced by harmful algae and ingested via contaminated shellfish can be potentially fatal to humans. Monitoring these harmful algae can be difficult as determining cell morphology by light microscopy may be insufficient to give definitive species attribution. The goal of the EU FP7 project MIDTAL (microarrays for the detection of toxic algae) was to achieve rapid species identification using species specific probes for rRNA genes in a microarray chip format. Field samples from the Orkney Islands, an area of the U.K. that has a number of nuisance and toxic species were tested with the second generation of the microarray chip. Species specific probes were looked at for the toxin producing dinoflagellates Alexandrium tamarense Group III (North American clade) and Dinophysis acuta and also general class probes for Dinophyta, Heterokontaphyta and Prymnesiophyta over the course of a year. These were compared with light microscopy cell counts. A good agreement in determining presence and absence between the methods was found. The second generation microarray is potentially more sensitive than cell counts. However, further work is needed to ensure that the microarray signal for each species provides an accurate quantitative assessment.


Quantitative recordings were made of the behaviour of Etroplus maculatus parents caring for eggs and wrigglers. Spatial and temporal aspects of brood relief behaviour are examined in connection with parent size, time of day, interval since spawning and the frequencies of occurrence of other behaviours. Function aspect of Cichild brood relief behaviour are discussed and compared with those of avian nest relief.


A new control system of the bidirectional isolated dc/dc converter will be presented. The output terminals of two single phase bridge inverter A and B are connected through an isolated transformer, and the pulse width of the inverter of higher d.c. voltage is narrowed to make equal the fundamental a.c. voltage of both inverters.


The concept of cultural capital has been identified as a crucial axis of social inequality, especially in the internationally renowned work of Pierre Bourdieu (notably 1970; 1984). Interest in the significance of cultural capital has proliferated in recent years (Devine, 2004; Savage, Barlow, Dickens & Fielding, 1992; Skeggs, 1997), and indeed the eminent American sociologist, Donald Treiman (2002), recently pronounced that cultural capital was the single most important factor generating the transmission of inherited social position in all western societies. Yet although these debates about the concept of cultural capital have raged for decades in studies of education and social stratification, there remains a surprising lacuna in considering the significance of cultural capital for understanding the nature of cultural citizenship and cultural policy. This absence is all the more surprising given the increasing interest in developing cultural policy in recent years. Therefore, the aim of this special collection is to offer a series of interventions on the potential value of the concept of cultural capital for these rapidly emerging areas of academic and policy concern. Therefore, the prime purpose in bringing these articles together is to consider how cultural capital bears on debates about social inclusion and exclusion, when such terms are broadened to recognize the significance of cultural policies. It is interesting to note here how the concept of social capital has become a policy 'doxa' in many nations whilst that of cultural capital has failed to generate such wide policy interest. One reason for this, as examined in several articles, is an ambivalence in the very concept of cultural capital as to whether it allows a critical means of undermining cultural hierarchies, or whether it itself prioritizes certain kinds of cultural values. In discussing the relationships between cultural policy and the contemporary agendas of cultural citizenship, Nick Stevenson thus notes that Bourdieu argued that the development of an 'inclusive cultural citizenship' required 'the intensification of the presence of the school within working class people's cultural lives' (Stevenson, 2003, p. 139). This was because Bourdieu believed that only the school could rise to the Cultural Trends Vol. 13(2), No. 50, June 2004, pp. 7–14


The present work uses a "road-anthropology" perspective to analyze the way in which our individual bodies are historically and culturally conformed as road-bodies. The conceptual framework largely draws on various sociological trends in Goffman and Bourdieu, as well as performance-anthropology, proxemics, phenomenology and the political economy of culture. I analyze street-anthropology's various origins based on my own biography as an anthropologist as well as how ethnographic experience gave rise to a new conceptualization of street-cultures and their connections to real corporeal practices on streets and paths. I include experienced and observed comparative ethnographic cases from England, the United States, Uruguay and Argentina that illustrate how culture, society and the state lend form to our street-bodies.


Leukocyte migration is a key event in the inflammatory response to tumors. The tumor releases specific chemokines that control migration of leukocytes and functions of these cells after their arrival at the tumor site. In addition to these local changes in the tumor microenvironment, the host response to malignant solid tumors also gives rise to systemic effects, the most frequent of which are leukocytosis, neutrophilia and lymphopenia. These hematological findings are significantly correlated with advanced tumor stage and, therefore, poor disease prognosis. The ratio of neutrophil and lymphocyte counts has been suggested as a simple parameter of systemic inflammation in cancer patients. An elevated neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio has been shown to be an independent prognostic factor for cancers at various different sites, suggesting that this parameter is a clinically accessible and useful biomarker for patient survival. The effect of tumor development on circulating leukocyte number has not been clarified. One proposed mechanism is that tumor cells produce soluble factors such as granulocyte colony stimulating factor, which mobilize precursor cells in the bone marrow, or other mediators that alter cell differentiation. Leukocyte counts may be readily obtained at the time of diagnosis, and these data could be useful as stratification factors in clinical trials and in identifying patients with poor prognosis, leading to better treatment strategies.


Chapter 1. Distributing Criminal Liability and Punishment Chapter 2. The Need for an Articulated Distributive Principle Chapter 3. Does Criminal Law Deter? Chapter 4. Deterrence as a Distributive Principle Chapter 5. Rehabilitation Chapter 6. Incapacitation of the Dangerous Chapter 7. Competing Conceptions of Desert: Vengeful, Deontological, and Empirical Chapter 8. The Utility of Desert Chapter 9. Restorative Justice Chapter 10.The Strengths & Weaknesses of Alterative Distributive Principles Chapter 11.Hybrid Distributive Principles Chapter 12. A Practical Theory of Justice: Proposal for a Hybrid Distributive Principle Centered on Empirical Desert Index


The utility model flexible road protecting fence, which comprises a base 1, a vertical column 2, a guard bar 3 and a connecting piece, wherein, the base 1 is characterized in that the base 1 is arranged the lower end of the vertical column 2 which are connected into integration with the base; the guard bar 3 is provided with a mounting hole. The utility model is characterized in that the base, the vertical column and the guard bar which are all hollow structure are all composed of PE lining glue material; the both ends of the long direction of the guard rail 3 are provided with female and male modular joints, namely, one end is a male joint with a smaller outline, and the other end is a female joint which can be matched with the male joint. The utility model has the advantages that the flexibility is strong; the utility model has vibration absorbing performance when the impact of vehicles occurs, and the great energy generated by impact can be eliminated; meanwhile, the damage of the vehicles and the casualty degree of people can be reduced; in ordinary condition, the utility model is economical and durable without maintenance.


A result of Bleher, Chinburg, Greenberg, Kakde, Pappas, Sharifi and Taylor has initiated the topic of higher codimension Iwasawa theory. As a generalization of the classical Iwasawa main conjecture, they prove a relationship between analytic objects (a pair of Katz's $2$-variable $p$-adic $L$-functions) and algebraic objects (two"everywhere unramified'' Iwasawa modules) involving codimension two cycles in a $2$-variable Iwasawa algebra. We prove a result by considering the restriction to an imaginary quadratic field $K$ (where an odd prime $p$ splits) of an elliptic curve $E$, defined over $\mathbb{Q}$, with good supersingular reduction at $p$. On the analytic side, we consider eight pairs of $2$-variable $p$-adic $L$-functions in this setup (four of the $2$-variable $p$-adic $L$-functions have been constructed by Loeffler and a fifth $2$-variable $p$-adic $L$-function is due to Hida). On the algebraic side, we consider modifications of fine Selmer groups over the $\mathbb{Z}_p^2$-extension of $K$. We also provide numerical evidence, using algorithms of Pollack, towards a pseudo-nullity conjecture of Coates-Sujatha.


The DNA chip is disclosed with a multi-layer thin film structure. Described DNA chip comprises a substrate; It made of a low-refractive-index thin film and a relatively high refractive index thin film having a large refractive index having a relatively small refractive index in a sequentially stacked on a predetermined position on the substrate, and the high reflection region having a high reflectivity than the reflectivity of the substrate; It made of a low refractive index and a thin film on a substrate having a small refractive index are stacked around the reflection region relative, and the low reflection region having a lower reflectivity than the reflectivity of the substrate; And at least a DNA probe that is fixed on the reflection region; and having a, in which the hybridization reaction of the target DNA labeled on the reflection region to DNA probe and the fluorescent material is to occur. According to the present invention as, the higher the detection sensitivity of the hybridization signal can obtain a more accurate hybridization signals.


Based on project practice,it analyzes the steel structure preformed hole and reinforced banding,points out steel construction points in steel reinforced concrete structure,and solves the reinforcement wearing difficulty existing in steel reinforced concrete structure,with a view to ensure the smooth steel reinforced concrete construction.


Scholars of student protest in China have tended to find their interpretations in the realm of ideology, in particular in nationalism and anti-imperialism. By contrast, they have paid relatively little attention to the specific political backgrounds of student movements, or to the roles they have played in domestic political struggles. But both sets of explanations are important; indeed, only when they are applied together can real sense be made of student movements. Using original research, this paper examines the May 30 Movement from such a comprehensive perspective; then, relying on the work of others, it looks briefly at some later examples. The purpose is to suggest very roughly how ideological, political, and social factors have interacted to determine the success or failure of student movements in twentieth-century China.


Abstract During the 1970s, the then-emerging 'neoconservatives' promoted a foreign policy of aggressive containment of the Soviet Union. Many of these neocons were subsequently appointed to the Reagan administration; however, despite the apparent ideological convergence between Reagan and the neoconservatives, his administration did not constitute an opportunity for them to fully implement their foreign policy vision. Their underlying principles were more rigid and absolutist than those of Reagan and rejected any kind of compromise. In contrast, Reagan's strategy had a pragmatic side to it, favouring agreements with Moscow on certain issues. This limited the contribution neoconservatives could make to policy and many of them became quickly disillusioned with Reagan.


Abstract Dimorpholinophosphates 1, with a single perfluoroalkyl chain, self-aggregate when dispersed in water to give tubular structures which reversibly transform into giant vesicles when heated. Compounds 1 also allow the preparation of stable reverse water-in-fluorocarbon emulsions destined to pulmonary drug delivery. None of this could be achieved with non-fluorinated analogs.


The utility model discloses a braking energy recycling control system based on an automatic transmission (AT) for a pure electric vehicle. The system comprises a vehicle-mounted storage battery, a motor, the AT, an entire vehicle controller, a motor controller, an AT controller and the like, wherein the vehicle-mounted storage battery is used for supplying power to the motor; the motor is mechanically connected with the AT; and a battery management system, the motor controller, the AT controller, a braking antilock system, a mechanical brake vacuum pump, a vehicle speed sensor and an acceleration sensor perform information communication and command transmission with a controller area network (CAN) through the entire vehicle controller. In the utility model, the motor is combined with the AT, and a braking energy recycling control method for an AT system is disclosed. By adopting the braking energy recycling control system, theoretical basis is provided for the braking energy recycling control method for an electric driving system in which the motor is matched with the AT.