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If you are hoping to invest in gold, you might be thinking about if you ought to opt for a Roth IRA or a typical gold IRA. The solution to this concern is necessary to you, because each possibilities possess their downsides and conveniences. You wish to ensure to do your research study before you determine which choice corrects for you. top gold ira companies
Purchasing gold
If you're interested in acquiring gold, there are actually several choices readily available. Yet before you opt for a specific firm, you must take a while to carry out some study. gold and silver ira custodians
To begin with, you'll desire to find a gold individual retirement account provider that is reliable. You'll also desire to visit their customer support. A trustworthy business ought to give you along with quick, accurate feedbacks. what is ira eligible gold
Also, visit the provider's site. That is actually an excellent indication if it gives cost-free entrepreneur overviews as well as various other beneficial resources.
Bring in sure you appear for a provider along with consumer service that are going to be actually simple to function along with when you are actually exploring a gold IRA. Possessing a sub-par experience with customer care can trigger you to despair in the company.
An additional point you'll wish to seek is the amount of money you'll must commit. You might need to have to commit $50,000 to certify.
The most effective technique to do that is actually to get insight from an economic counselor. They can recommend you on the right amount to commit and also the strategy to adhere to.
Buying precious metals is just one of the best reputable techniques to guarantee a high yield on your financial investment. Besides gold, you can additionally buy platinum, palladium, and also silver.
Setting up a gold IRA
Whether you are hoping to purchase gold and silvers for the first time, or even you intend to transform your collection, setting up a gold individual retirement account could be an excellent option. It is actually a bit a lot more complex than a standard Individual retirement account, you can produce it easier on your own self through choosing a credible valuable metallic Individual retirement account supplier.
A gold IRA delivers the advantages of safeguarding your retirement life funds coming from rising cost of living, as properly as delivering a distinct tax advantage. You should likewise be actually careful certainly not to offload your precious metallics just before retired life.
Some of the biggest benefits of a gold IRA is its own tax-deferred development. You can purchase gold as well as other precious metals for tax-free development, so long as you sustain the account. You will have to pay taxes on the worth of the gold if you need to have to take an early withdrawal.
The price of gold modifications daily, based on financial variables. In the course of opportunities of disruption and also uncertainty, the value of gold has a tendency to trend up.
Just before you determine to set up a gold individual retirement account, you need to investigation which provider to decide on. Opting for the best individual retirement account company indicates you will certainly have comfort that your expenditures are going to be risk-free.
Roth vs traditional gold individual retirement account
When it pertains to Gold IRAs, you'll discover two main types: conventional and Roth. Both can be a terrific means to diversify your retirement portfolio. However, they bring various risks and also advantages.
For example, the Roth IRA allows you to provide after-tax money right into your pension. However, the traditional Gold individual retirement account can be cashed with pre-tax dollars. In both scenarios, your contributions are actually tax-deferred till you begin to remove them.
While both Gold IRAs give a selection of benefits, each possesses its very own limitations. You must very carefully look at which possibility is most ideal for you.
The IRS offers rigorous tips for the amount of gold could be positioned in your IRA. Your gold assets must meet certain purity requirements and also weights. If you do not follow these laws, you might wind up with a large income tax bill when you offer your gold.
Consisting of a small amount of gold in your individual retirement account may assist you dodge against rising cost of living. Additionally, a Gold individual retirement account can likewise defend you from a stock market accident. It additionally brings a chance cost.
Rare-earth element IRAs are actually a lot more pricey than traditional IRAs. This is given that the internal revenue service mandates that you buy gold and silvers from a certain manager. They can additionally charge higher fees.
If you are looking to invest in gold, you may be pondering if you ought to go along with a Roth Individual retirement account or even a traditional gold IRA. You'll yearn for to locate a gold IRA company that is reliable. A gold IRA offers the conveniences of safeguarding your retired life funds from inflation, as effectively as delivering an one-of-a-kind tax obligation advantage. On the other hand, the typical Gold Individual retirement account can be funded along with pre-tax bucks. The Internal revenue service delivers stringent tips for how a lot gold can easily be actually placed in your IRA.


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As organizations continue the transition to hybrid work, we at Microsoft have shared new research, our experience and tools for employees and leaders on how to navigate the journey.
IT Professionals play a critical role in making hybrid work a reality, enabling the tools and experiences to make it successful.
Microsoft Teams is a platform that can pave the path to successful hybrid work with new collaborative apps. Enabling these apps in Teams gives people in your organization the ability to have new experiences all within the collaboration tools they use every day. every day.
Telling a colleague "thank you" for their support on a project, "congratulations" on a milestone achieved or welcoming a new team member all support creating a culture of wellbeing and inclusion we want in our teams and organizations when working from various locations.
The Starbucks app in Microsoft Teams enables everyday gifting and a way to stay connected or reconnect. People can share a cup of coffee (and more) by sending a Starbucks eGift virtually through Microsoft Teams.
Empower people in your organization to show their appreciation by choosing their favorite card design and writing a personalized message to members of their team.
Enable Starbucks app in Microsoft Teams for your organization today
Get started with the Starbucks app in Microsoft Teams
Using the Starbucks app in Microsoft Teams, you can give a Starbucks eGift card to your colleagues and team members right from Teams.
- Enable the Starbucks app for your organization in Teams admin center
- To get started, click this link to download the Starbucks app to Microsoft Teams.
- Sign in to your Starbucks® Rewards account (or create one).
- Click the Starbucks Icon in the New Conversation section of a Microsoft Teams chat or channel.
- Select a card design and gift amount (from $5 to $100) with a personalized message.
Starbucks Teams app in AppSource
Get the Hybrid Work: A Guide for Business Leaders

subset: commoncrawl


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The wind presently occurring after last night's snowfall is creating some special challenges for road crews according to Chase Fester with the Minnesota Department of Transportation.
"As you apply chemical to the icy road and as the snow gets blown across the road the snow is going to stick to those wet spots," said Fester. "It definitely adds some time to the process of clearing things."
Persons can check out road conditions at 511mn.org


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Are you seeing teams that continually struggle with finding a sense of flow? Is it difficult to see how work moves through the system? Is it hard for a team to deliver anything within a sprint because there are too many dependencies or hidden work states? Is a team wanting to transition into using Kanban? … Continued
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You can either log in below or sign up here.


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Lilac walk is in full bloom
(Courtesy Saratoga Chamber of Commerce, 2022)
The walking tour map of lilacs in and around Schuylerville.
May is Lilac month, and the Saratoga County Chamber of Commerce produced a lilac walking tour of the trees, bushes and shrubs in Schuylerville. The village and surrounding areas, including the Saratoga National Historical Park and the Hudson Crossing Park, have about 80 varieties to spy in various locations.
[For a printable version, click here.]
"I love seeing our name in lights, so to speak," Village Clerk Helene Patterson told the village board on May 11 as she presented the flier. "It's a lovely map. It was nice of the chamber to drop them off."
"It highlights our village a little bit," she said later.
Maps can be found around town on
Broad Street:
- Byrons market
- Revibe
- Saratoga gluten free
- Village Tart
Spring Street:
- Village offices
Salaries and similar expenses
Schuylerville's Board of Trustees meeting on May 11 was also the village's annual meeting, where they established salaries for the coming year:
- Building, janitorial: $500 annually.
- Historian: $4,427.74 annually.
- Building inspector: $11,000 annually.
- Crossing guard/traffic control: $18 per hour, although the village is paying half and the school system is paying half at this time.
- Visiting Center employees: $13.20 per hour.
- Registrar of vital statistics: $200 annually.
- Planning Board Secretary: Up to $1,000 annually.
- Village Treasurer: $51,759.58
- Village Clerk: $47,630.50
- Village Attorney: $11,000 annually
- Trustees: $12,000 annually
- Mayor: $6,500 annually.
- Wastewater treatment plant operator: $64,786.32
Juneteenth is a work holiday in the Village of Schuylerville
Juneteenth, also known as Freedom Day or Jubilee Day, is celebrated on June 19, in reference to the day in 1865 that the last of the African American slaves, still working in Texas, heard about their emancipation. It became a federal holiday in 2021.
It is now also a work holiday — staff gets the day off — in the Village of Schuylerville after a unanimous vote by trustees Whitney Colvin, Timothy Le Baron, Bryan Drew and Mayor Dan Carpenter on May 11. Trustee Dan Baker was not present.


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Movies & TVReview: '80 for Brady' is a waste of Jane Fonda, Lily Tomlin, Sally Field and Rita MorenoTom Brady produced this story about four old women with a deep love for Brady, and what happens when they all decide to attend the 2017 Super Bowl together.
Datebook Picks
Datebook PickFeb17Through Feb 19Mark Morris Dance Group: The Look of Love—An Evening of Dance to the Music of Burt BacharachDanceZellerbach Hall$36 – $135
Datebook PickFeb18Through Feb 20Santa Rosa Symphony: 'Bruno Returns!'ClassicalGreen Music Center, Weill Hall$24 – $97
Datebook PickJan30Through Feb 02'Carole King: Home Again – Live in Central Park'Movies & TVSmith Rafael Film Center$7 – $12.50
See all Datebook Picks


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Russia's attacks on Ukraine and the food crisis it has created all over the world were discussed at the Ukrainian session of the UN Security Council. The President of the Council of the European Union (EU) Charles Michel blamed Moscow for the war in Ukraine. Russia's Permanent Representative to the United Nations (UN) Vassily Nebenzia, on the other hand, left the hall after these accusations. "It's easier for you not to hear the facts," Michel said as Nebenzia left the hall. In addition to the fact that the Russia-Ukraine war led to loss of life and forced a large number of people to leave their country, it also had many negative consequences that affected the world. Russia's attacks on Ukraine and its consequences were also raised at the Ukrainian session of the United Nations Security Council.
The statements used by Charles Michel, the President of the Council of the European Union (EU), caused remarkable moments in the session. Speaking at the Ukrainian session of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC), Michel accused Russia of causing the global food crisis with its war against Ukraine. Michel said: "The war started by Russia is affecting the whole world, food prices are rising, the war is driving people into poverty and destabilizing regions." said. Referring to the food crisis caused by the Russian-Ukrainian War, Michel said: "Only and only Russia is responsible for this upcoming food crisis., "he said.


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60+ Beautiful Happy 17th Birthday Images | 17th Birthday Special
Happy 17th birthday images: Wish to a teenager are always hard, they have too much hormones and emotions flowing through them that saying the wrong thing would set them off. happy 17th birthday images should be fun and hearty. Make them smile at the little message written on their birthday cards. Make their day by sending them a special happy 17th birthday images from the heart full of thought.
Happy 17th Birthday Images
Happy 17th birthday daughter images
Happy 17th birthday son images
Happy birthday 17th images
Happy 17th birthday pictures
Happy 17th birthday granddaughter images
17 happy birthday images
Happy 17th birthday. A fine stone was born 17 years ago; I wish you all the good things' life can afford.
Happy 17th birthday to our fantastic son, best is yet to come, we are proud of you and we have full trust in your abilities to bring good name to our family.
May your light never dim as you become 17 today. Happy Birthday.
Happy 17th birthday. The sky will be your stepping foot. Have a beautiful birthday.
A lot has changed about you since your last birthday, you are 17 years old today, and all I can see is positive changes and outstanding attributes. Congratulations.
You may have had many birthdays, but I wish your 17th would be the best you ever experience and leave happy and sweet memories that will linger for ages.
You are unique, you are amazing and you are the most special 17 year old I know of. Have a hearty birthday my love!
I just want to wish the best to the brainiest, most humorous, and most exceptional 17 year-old in the universe. I pray we remain friends forever. ( happy 17th birthday pictures )
May your 17th birthday be explosive and the best you've ever experienced, until the year after.
Your advancement into age 17 is great news for us all in this house, you mean so much to us and we wish you all the best as you celebrate today. Happy 17th Birthday.
This date brings forth new things; you are a good friend, my heart. Happy 17th birthday to you.
Happy Birthday that is all I can say and I wish you many happy returns. Have a beautiful 17th birthday.
You've not just aged by a year today; you're 17 years wiser than you were years back when you were born.
Happy 17th Birthday, son. When I clocked age 17, I can bet it that I don't know half of what you know now; it shows the rapid growth in our present world.
Just know as you turn 17, without you, there is no me, you complete me and I hope you enjoy each and every moment of this day. Happy Birthday granddaughter!!
Make so many memories to fill your olden days with laughter and nostalgia. Have fun with your friends and all those you care about. Hearty birthday my love, you are blessed.
Life is a journey and each day we take a new step, today your journey halts at the celebration of your 17th pit stop. Have fun my granddaughter, it's your birthday!
Happy 17th Birthday my love, you are special and there is none like you in all the realms. I hope you love yourself more than you can ever be loved.
Birthdays are once in a year but it's not just a day to celebrate you, because every day is a day to celebrate you my good son. Enjoy your special day.
You really deserve the very best. Your life will be filled with an abundance of Joy and success. Happy 17th Birthday.
Another 365 days of adventure starts today, you've lived 17 already, and your journey takes another dimension today.
Happy 17th birthday to the one who has brought us so much joy than we can imagine. We will continue to support your life journey as your parent. Much love.
17 is a significant number in counting age number, because it marks the end of childhood. May your days become better and brighter as you enter into adulthood. Happy 17th Birthday.
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Ask a new Question
Do I ask him this?
If he says "im not ready for a serious relationship" but is absolutely treating me as if we are in one, should I ask him what his definition of "Serious Relationship" is?
Respond to Anonymous:
By posting you agree that you have read the Community Rules & Guidelines
11 answers and 7 replies
Wants his cake and eat it too.
What that old saying means is that he wants all the benefit of a serious relationship but without the responsibility.
If you ask I'm betting he will say whatever he needs to in order to maintain the current situation.
Go ahead if you want. But we all know what it means, it means 'something serious'. Otherwise, he would have said 'I'm not ready for a casual relationship' but then that's not what he said, did he? And maybe that's what you guys are on at the moment.
Unless you are being just friends? Not sure about the context so I'd guess it's a casual thing or a fling.
I think it's always smarter to believe what people tell you about themselves.
He tells you loud and clear that he's not ready for a serious thing. Believe him.
Whether or not you're comfortable with that is another story, but being happy in a casual relationship only doesn't mean that you're not treating the other person the right way.
I've been in a casual relationship on and off with a guy over a long while, and was still my caring, sweet and loving/kinky self around him. Some parts of you don't change, if you're naturally tactile or generous you're not going to force yourself to be cold or selfish, just because you don't tend intend to marry the person in the end, do you?
My take i that he's just being himself and sounds lovely, but doesn't want or is not ready for a serious relationship. It may or may not develops though, who knows.
Thank you, the thing is he wants to be with me all the time....he says hes not looking for anyone else. Ive asked him if he starts sleeping with someone else to please let me know, be cause I really dont want to sleep with someone who is also sleeping with someone else. The look on his face was quite confused, he said "umm im defintiely not going to be sleeping with anyone else nor am i looking to, i hope you're not either..." and I said im not.
I believe in his mind "serious" means introducing me to all the family, ive met his brothers but that's it. I think he's nervous about the rest of his family because they are not thrilled that him and his ex broke up (they were together for 11 years).
But besides that he treats me as if we are in a serious, not casual, relationship.Edited by the author
Saying he's not ready sounds more like "I want to keep my options open for now"
I'd just mention the date I had coming up and see if he gets ready any faster.
As long as he says the above, then treat him casually. That is, continue to see your friends and you don't have to bring him along all the time. And be open to accepting dates from other men. And do so if you're interested.
Exactly. A guy who says that to a woman should expect to be treated casually in return. I would only stay as long as I'm happy with the current situation and not falling in love with the guy. But I wouldn't stop dating other guys I'm interested in if I were on the lookout for something different or serious.
Just to clarify, you may not get the answer you want to hear. Also keep in mind that he may be resistant to classifying it as a serious relationship even though he's okay with it actually being one.
(I.e. if you rock the boat, you may tip it even though it's on course.)
Lastly you might want to define what you think of as a serious relationship for the board. You might get some feedback that could be useful in your discussion with him.
It depends on how you feel about him. If you are comfortable keeping
a friends with benefits situation, then don't ask him. If you want something more, you may just let him know that you want something serious but are willing to take time to get there, but that you are also thinking of dating other people if he is looking for an open relationship.
Did you say how long you two have been dating and how long was there between you and the ex and I missed it? If you're his first venture into dating after 11 years this might not end well but it certainly explains his stance.
If you're not...... and you've been dating a while (obviously exclusively) I think it's reasonable to ask him to define your relationship. Granted, you might not get the answer you're looking for but then you'll know.
Ask a New Question
Trending in Dating
Anonymous A guy asked me out on a first date to his place. He said its just a few drinks and watch a bit of telly. Should I go?
Anonymous Is it your business how much your boyfriend pays his baby mama? Also is it your business what goes on between him, his kid, and his bm ?


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Indeed, parents couldn't deny the power of the kid song "Baby Shark"!
It can make any baby sing, dance, and as proven by a toddler's parent on a viral video, it can also calm down a crying child.
On TikTok, many parent netizens couldn't help but gush over the wholesome way of calming a toddler during a long flight.
It can't be denied that traveling can be stressful, and smaller children often have trouble dealing with long flights.
In the viral video uploaded by @parikshitbalochi, passengers of a 6-hour flight gamely sang the Baby Shark song in an effort to calm a crying child. Complete with smiles, and even claps, the passengers sang the popular song. And it worked!
The toddler who was earlier seen visibly upset, calmed down a bit to watch the strangers sing for him. The video's caption stated, "Crying baby on the plane? No problem!"
According to the uploader, he was seated next to the kid's family and he had been "crying nonstop" during the 6-hour flight between Dubai and Albania. The passengers decided to give the parents a helping hand by distracting the toddler with the Baby Shark song.
He explained, "First individually people sitting around him tried distracting him, but when nothing worked out a group of guys, including me, started singing Baby Shark and more people joined in."
In another video clip, the uploader said the toddler was already calm in his mother's arms and was now ready to play with him.
Aside from the power of Baby Shark, this also shows how the kindness of strangers can go a long way! Instead of complaining that a baby is too noisy, give a tired parent a helping hand instead.
To watch the heartwarming incident here's the viral TikTok video via @parikshitbalochi:
@parikshitbalochi baby Shark! #fyp #flydubai #foryoupage #babyshark #dubai ♬ One Night in Dubai – Arash


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Tag Archives: Pabrik Perakitan Reverse Osmosis di indonesia
Reverse Osmosis Indonesia| Tap Water RO(TWRO) BRACKISH WATER RO(BWRO) Wattech WRO 4-H
Email: email@example.com – email@example.com
Wirehouse : Jl Raya kali abang tengah No 24 kampung kepu Bekasi Utara Jawa barat Indonesia
Reverse Osmosis Indonesia – RO Systems – WRO-4H Series
The WATTECH 'WRO-4H' Series Reverse Osmosis Indonesia system is designed for larger commercial and industrial applications requiring high purity water (98-99% salt rejection). Nominal output capacities of 10,800-28,800 GPD. Horizontally arranged membrane housings for maximum product output with minimal floor-space usage requirements. Skid mounted packages are available which Greatly reduce installation time and costs.
Designed for larger commercial and industrial applications requiring high purity water (98-99% salt rejection). Nominal output capacities of 10,800-28,800 GPD. Horizontally arranged membrane housings for maximum product output with the minimal smallest floor-space requirements.
- High rejection, 4″ x 40″ thin-film composite (TFC) membrane elements in a spiral-wound configuration.
- FRP membrane housings with PVC end-cap material (300 psig rating).
- Stainless steel multi-stage feed pump with TEFC motor (230/460V, 3-Phase).
- Epoxy –coated carbon steel skid/frame assembly.
- Polypropylene pre-filter housing with 5.0-micron cartridge.
- NEMA-4X system controller complete with operator lights and switches for simple operation. Includes pre-wired motor starter, low inlet pressure switch with alarm, and pre-treatment interlock.
- Compact product water conductivity monitor with digital display.
- Panel-mounted product, reject, and recycle visual flow rota-meters.
- Panel-mounted stainless steel system pressure gauges and sampling valves.
- PVC low pressure piping/valves and brass/stainless steel high pressure tubing and valves.
- Automatic system inlet feed valve.
- Automatic membrane flush cycle (after system shutdown).
Optional Equipment
- Skid-Mount Packages – RO machines are available with the necessary pre-treatment and re-pressurization equipment mounted to a structural carbon steel skid and pre-piped/pre-wired to the fullest extent. Greatly reduces installation time and costs. Not available for 18,000-28,800 GPD models.
- Clean-in-Place Packages – For periodic cleaning of the membrane elements to remove mineral scale and biological fouling. Includes a skid mounted and pre-wired transfer pump, batch solution tank, inlet filter housing, isolation valves, and quick disconnect cleaning ports. Recommended for 18,000-28,800 GPD models to maximize membrane life and significantly reduce operating costs.
- Reverse Osmosis System The Best In Indonesia
understanding Reverse Osmosis
Reverse Osmosis, commonly referred to as RO, is a process where you demineralize or deionize water by pushing it under pressure through a semi-permeable Reverse Osmosis Membrane.
To understand the purpose and process of Reverse Osmosis you must first understand the naturally occurring process of Osmosis.
Osmosis is a naturally occurring phenomenon and one of the most important processes in nature. It is a process where a weaker saline solution will tend to migrate to a strong saline solution. Examples of osmosis are when plant roots absorb water from the soil and our kidneys absorb water from our blood.
Below is a diagram which shows how osmosis works. A solution that is less concentrated will have a natural tendency to migrate to a solution with a higher concentration. For example, if you had a container full of water with a low salt concentration and another container full of water with a high salt concentration and they were separated by a semi-permeable membrane, then the water with the lower salt concentration would begin to migrate towards the water container with the higher salt concentration.
A semi-permeable membrane is a membrane that will allow some atoms or molecules to pass but not others. A simple example is a screen door. It allows air molecules to pass through but not pests or anything larger than the holes in the screen door. Another example is Gore-tex clothing fabric that contains an extremely thin plastic film into which billions of small pores have been cut. The pores are big enough to let water vapor through, but small enough to prevent liquid water from passing.
Reverse Osmosis is the process of Osmosis in reverse. Whereas Osmosis occurs naturally without energy required, to reverse the process of osmosis you need to apply energy to the more saline solution. A reverse osmosis membrane is a semi-permeable membrane that allows the passage of water molecules but not the majority of dissolved salts, organics, bacteria and pyrogens. However, you need to 'push' the water through the reverse osmosis membrane by applying pressure that is greater than the naturally occurring osmotic pressure in order to desalinate (demineralize or deionize) water in the process, allowing pure water through while holding back a majority of contaminants.
Below is a diagram outlining the process of Reverse Osmosis. When pressure is applied to the concentrated solution, the water molecules are forced through the semi-permeable membrane and the contaminants are not allowed through.
How does Reverse Osmosis work?
Reverse Osmosis works by using a high pressure pump to increase the pressure on the salt side of the RO and force the water across the semi-permeable RO membrane, leaving almost all (around 95% to 99%) of dissolved salts behind in the reject stream. The amount of pressure required depends on the salt concentration of the feed water. The more concentrated the feed water, the more pressure is required to overcome the osmotic pressure.
The desalinated water that is demineralized or deionized, is called permeate (or product) water. The water stream that carries the concentrated contaminants that did not pass through the RO membrane is called the reject (or concentrate) stream.
As the feed water enters the RO membrane under pressure (enough pressure to overcome osmotic pressure) the water molecules pass through the semi-permeable membrane and the salts and other contaminants are not allowed to pass and are discharged through the reject stream (also known as the concentrate or brine stream), which goes to drain or can be fed back into the feed water supply in some circumstances to be recycled through the RO system to save water. The water that makes it through the RO membrane is called permeate or product water and usually has around 95% to 99% of the dissolved salts removed from it.
It is important to understand that an RO system employs cross filtration rather than standard filtration where the contaminants are collected within the filter media. With cross filtration, the solution passes through the filter, or crosses the filter, with two outlets: the filtered water goes one way and the contaminated water goes another way. To avoid build up of contaminants, cross flow filtration allows water to sweep away contaminant build up and also allow enough turbulence to keep the membrane surface clean.
What will Reverse Osmosis remove from water?
Reverse Osmosis is capable of removing up to 99%+ of the dissolved salts (ions), particles, colloids, organics, bacteria and pyrogens from the feed water (although an RO system should not be relied upon to remove 100% of bacteria and viruses). An RO membrane rejects contaminants based on their size and charge. Any contaminant that has a molecular weight greater than 200 is likely rejected by a properly running RO system (for comparison a water molecule has a MW of 18). Likewise, the greater the ionic charge of the contaminant, the more likely it will be unable to pass through the RO membrane. For example, a sodium ion has only one charge (monovalent) and is not rejected by the RO membrane as well as calcium for example, which has two charges. Likewise, this is why an RO system does not remove gases such as CO2 very well because they are not highly ionized (charged) while in solution and have a very low molecular weight. Because an RO system does not remove gases, the permeate water can have a slightly lower than normal pH level depending on CO2 levels in the feed water as the CO2 is converted to carbonic acid.
Reverse Osmosis is very effective in treating brackish, surface and ground water for both large and small flows applications. Some examples of industries that use RO water include pharmaceutical, boiler feed water, food and beverage, metal finishing and semiconductor manufacturing to name a few.
Reverse Osmosis Performance & Design Calculations
There are a handful of calculations that are used to judge the performance of an RO system and also for design considerations. An RO system has instrumentation that displays quality, flow, pressure and sometimes other data like temperature or hours of operation. In order to accurately measure the performance of an RO system you need the following operation parameters at a minimum:
- Feed pressure
- Permeate pressure
- Concentrate pressure
- Feed conductivity
- Permeate conductivity
- Feed flow
- Permeate flow
- Temperature
Salt Rejection %
This equation tells you how effective the RO membranes are removing contaminants. It does not tell you how each individual membrane is performing, but rather how the system overall on average is performing. A well-designed RO system with properly functioning RO membranes will reject 95% to 99% of most feed water contaminants (that are of a certain size and charge). You can determine effective the RO membranes are removing contaminants by using the following equation:
The higher the salt rejection, the better the system is performing. A low salt rejection can mean that the membranes require cleaning or replacement.
Salt Passage %
This is simply the inverse of salt rejection described in the previous equation. This is the amount of salts expressed as a percentage that are passing through the RO system. The lower the salt passage, the better the system is performing. A high salt passage can mean that the membranes require cleaning or replacement.
Recovery %
Percent Recovery is the amount of water that is being 'recovered' as good permeate water. Another way to think of Percent Recovery is the amount of water that is not sent to drain as concentrate, but rather collected as permeate or product water. The higher the recovery % means that you are sending less water to drain as concentrate and saving more permeate water. However, if the recovery % is too high for the RO design then it can lead to larger problems due to scaling and fouling. The % Recovery for an RO system is established with the help of design software taking into consideration numerous factors such as feed water chemistry and RO pre-treatment before the RO system. Therefore, the proper % Recovery at which an RO should operate at depends on what it was designed for. By calculating the % Recovery you can quickly determine if the system is operating outside of the intended design. The calculation for % Recovery is below:
For example, if the recovery rate is 75% then this means that for every 100 gallons of feed water that enter the RO system, you are recovering 75 gallons as usable permeate water and 25 gallons are going to drain as concentrate. Industrial RO systems typically run anywhere from 50% to 85% recovery depending the feed water characteristics and other design considerations.↑
Concentration Factor
The concentration factor is related to the RO system recovery and is an important equation for RO system design. The more water you recover as permeate (the higher the % recovery), the more concentrated salts and contaminants you collect in the concentrate stream. This can lead to higher potential for scaling on the surface of the RO membrane when the concentration factor is too high for the system design and feed water composition.
The concept is no different than that of a boiler or cooling tower. They both have purified water exiting the system (steam) and end up leaving a concentrated solution behind. As the degree of concentration increases, the solubility limits may be exceeded and precipitate on the surface of the equipment as scale.
For example, if your feed flow is 100 gpm and your permeate flow is 75 gpm, then the recovery is (75/100) x 100 = 75%. To find the concentration factor, the formula would be 1 ÷ (1-75%) = 4.
A concentration factor of 4 means that the water going to the concentrate stream will be 4 times more concentrated than the feed water is. If the feed water in this example was 500 ppm, then the concentrate stream would be 500 x 4 = 2,000 ppm.↑
For example, you have the following:
The RO system is producing 75 gallons per minute (gpm) of permeate. You have 3 RO vessels and each vessel holds 6 RO membranes. Therefore you have a total of 3 x 6 = 18 membranes. The type of membrane you have in the RO system is a Dow Filmtec BW30-365. This type of RO membrane (or element) has 365 square feet of surface area.
To find the flux (Gfd):
The flux is 16 Gfd.
This means that 16 gallons of water is passed through each square foot of each RO membrane per day. This number could be good or bad depending on the type of feed water chemistry and system design. Below is a general rule of thumb for flux ranges for different source waters and can be better determined with the help of RO design software. If you had used Dow Filmtec LE-440i RO membranes in the above example, then the flux would have been 14. So it is important to factor in what type of membrane is used and to try and keep the type of membrane consistent throughout the system.
|Feed Water Source
|Sewage Effluent
|Sea Water
|Brackish Surface Water
|Brackish Well Water
|RO Permeate Water
Mass Balance
A Mass Balance equation is used to help determine if your flow and quality instrumentation is reading properly or requires calibration. If your instrumentation is not reading correctly, then the performance data trending that you are collecting is useless.
You will need to collect the following data from an RO system to perform a Mass Balance calculation:
- Feed Flow (gpm)
- Permeate Flow (gpm)
- Concentrate Flow (gpm)
- Feed Conductivity (µS)
- Permeate Conductivity (µS)
- Concentrate Conductivity (µS)
The mass balance equation is:
+ (Concentrate Flow*Concentrate Conductivity)1Feed Flow equals Permeate Flow + Concentrate Flow
For example, if you collected the following data from an RO system:
|Permeate Flow
|5 gpm
|Feed Conductivity
|500 µS
|Permeate Conductivity
|10 µS
|Concentrate Flow
|2 gpm
|Concentrate Conductivity
|1200 µS
Then the Mass Balance Equation would be:
(7 x 500) = (5 x 10) + (2*1200)
3,500 ≠ 2,450
Then find the difference
(Difference / Sum) ∗ 100
((3,500 – 2,450) / (3,500 + 2,450)) * 100
= 18%
A difference of +/- 5% is ok. A difference of +/- 5% to 10% is generally adequate. A difference of > +/- 10% is unacceptable and calibration of the RO instrumentation is required to ensure that you are collecting useful data. In the example above, the RO mass balance equation falls out of range and requires attention.
Understanding the difference between passes and stages in a Reverse Osmosis (RO) system
The term stage and pass are often mistaken for the same thing in an RO system and can be confusing termonology for an RO operator. It is important to understand the difffernce between a 1 and 2 stage RO and a 1 and 2 pass RO.
Difference between a 1 and 2 stage RO System
In a one stage RO system, the feed water enters the RO system as one stream and exits the RO as either concentrate or permeate water.
In a two-stage system the concentrate (or reject) from the first stage then becomes the feed water to the second stage. The permeate water is collected from the first stage is combined with permeate water from the second stage. Additional stages increase the recovery from the system.↑
In a Reverse Osmosis System an array describes the physical arrangement of the pressure vessels in a 2 stage system. Pressure vessels contain RO membranes (usually from 1 to 6 RO membranes are in a pressure vessel). Each stage can have a certain amount of pressure vessels with RO membranes. The reject of each stage then becomes the feed stream for the next successive stage. The 2 stage RO system displayed on the previous page is a 2:1 array which means that the concentrate (or reject) of the first 2 RO vessels is fed to the next 1 vessel.
RO System with Concentrate Recycle
With an RO system that can't be properly staged and the feed water chemistry allows for it, a concentrate recycle setup can be utilized where a portion of the concentrate stream is fed back to the feed water to the first stage to help increase the system recovery.↑
Single Pass RO vs Double Pass RO
Think of a pass as a stand alone RO system. With this in mind, the difference between a single pass RO system and a double pass RO system is that with a double pass RO, the permeate from the first pass becomes the feed water to the second pass (or second RO) which ends up producing a much higher quality permeate because it has essentially gone through two RO systems.
Besides producing a much higher quality permeate, a double pass system also allows the opportunity to remove carbon dioxide gas from the permeate by injecting caustic between the first and second pass. C02 is undesirable when you have mixed bed ion exchange resin beds after the RO. By adding caustic after the first pass, you increase the pH of the first pass permeate water and convert C02 to bicarbonate (HCO3-) and carbonate (CO3-2) for better rejection by the RO membranes in the second pass. This can't be done with a single pass RO because injecting caustic and forming carbonate (CO3-2) in the presence of cations such as calcium will cause scaling of the RO membranes.
RO Pretreatment
Proper pretreatment using both mechanical and chemical treatments is critical for an RO system to prevent fouling, scaling and costly premature RO membrane failure and frequent cleaning requirements. Below is a summary of common problems an RO system experiences due to lack of proper pretreatment.
Fouling occurs when contaminants accumulate on the membrane surface effectively plugging the membrane. There are many contaminants in municipal feed water that are naked to the human eye and harmless for human consumption, but large enough to quickly foul (or plug) an RO system. Fouling typically occurs in the front end of an RO system and results in a higher pressure drop across the RO system and a lower permeate flow. This translates into higher operating costs and eventually the need to clean or replace the RO membranes. Fouling will take place eventually to some extent given the extremely fine pore size of an RO membrane no matter how effective your pretreatment and cleaning schedule is. However, by having proper pretreatment in place, you will minimize the need to address fouling related problems on a regular basis.
Fouling can be caused by the following:
- Particulate or colloidal mater (dirt, silt, clay, etc.)
- Organics (humic/fulvic acids, etc)
- Microorganisms (bacteria, etc). Bacteria present one of the most common fouling problems since RO membranes in use today cannot tolerate a disinfectant such as chlorine and thefore microorganisms are often able to thrive and multiply on the membrane surface. They may product biofilms that cover the membrane surface and result in heavy fouling.
- Breakthrough of filter media upstream of the RO unit. GAC carbon beds and softener beds may develop an under drain leak and if there is not adequate post filtration in place the media can foul the RO system.
By performing analytical tests, you can determine if the feed water to your RO has a high potential for fouling. To prevent fouling of an RO system, mechanical filtration methods are used. The most popular methods to prevent fouling are the use of multi-media filters (MMF) or microfiltration (MF). In some cases cartridge filtration will suffice.
As certain dissolved (inorganic) compounds become more concentrated (remember discussion on concentration factor) then scaling can occur if these compounds exceed their solubility limits and precipitate on the membrane surface as scale. The results of scaling are a higher pressure drop across the system, higher salt passage (less salt rejection), low permeate flow and lower permeate water quality. An example of a common scale that tends to form on an RO membrane is calcium carbonate (CaCO3).
Chemical Attack
Modern thin film composite membranes are not tolerant to chlorine or chloramines. Oxidizers such as chlorine will 'burn' holes in the membrane pores and can cause irreparable damage. The result of chemical attack on an RO membrane is a higher permeate flow and a higher salt passage (poorer quality permeate water). This is why microorganism growth on RO membranes tends to foul RO membranes so easily since there is no biocide to prevent its growth.
Mechanical Damage
Part of the pretreatment scheme should be pre and post RO system plumbing and controls. If 'hard starts' occur mechanical damage to the membranes can occur. Likewise, if there is too much backpressure on the RO system then mechanical damage to the RO membranes can also occur. These can be addressed by using variable frequency drive motors to start high pressure pumps for RO systems and by installing check valve(s) and/or pressure relief valves to prevent excessive back pressure on the RO unit that can cause permanent membrane damage.
Pretreatment Solutions
Below are some pretreatment solutions for RO systems that can help minimize fouling, scaling and chemical attack.
Multi Media Filtration (MMF)
A Multi-Media Filter is used to help prevent fouling of an RO system. A Multi-Media Filter typically contains three layers of media consisting of anthracite coal, sand and garnet, with a supporting layer of gravel at the bottom. These are the medias of choice because of the differences in size and density. The larger (but lighter) anthracite coal will be on top and the heavier (but smaller) garnet will remain on the bottom. The filter media arrangement allows the largest dirt particles to be removed near the top of the media bed with the smaller dirt particles being retained deeper and deeper in the media. This allows the entire bed to act as a filter allowing much longer filter run times between backwash and more efficient particulate removal.
A well-operated Multi-Media Filter can remove particulates down to 15-20 microns. A Multi-Media Filter that uses a coagulant addition (which induces tiny particles to join together to form particles large enough to be filtered) can remove particulates down to 5-10 microns. To put this in perspective, the width of a human hair is around 50 microns.
A multi media filter is suggested when the Silt Density Index (SDI) value is greater than 3 or when the turbidity is greater than 0.2 NTU. There is no exact rule, but the above guidelines should be followed to prevent premature fouling of RO membranes.
It is important to have a 5 micron cartridge filter placed directly after the MMF unit in the event that the under drains of the MMF fail. This will prevent the MMF media from damaging downstream pumps and fouling the RO system.
Microfiltration (MF)
Microfiltration (MF) is effective in removing colloidal and bacteria matter and has a pore size of only 0.1-10µm. Microfiltration is helpful in reducing the fouling potential for an RO unit. Membrane configuration can vary between manufacturers, but the "hollow fiber" type is the most commonly used. Typically, the water is pumped from the outside of the fibers, and the clean water is collected from the inside of the fibers. Microfiltration membranes used in potable water applications usually operate in "dead-end" flow. In dead-end flow, all of the water fed to the membrane is filtered through the membrane. A filter cake that must be periodically backwashed from the membrane surface forms. Recovery rates are normally greater than 90 percent on feed water sources which have fairly high quality and low turbidity feeds.↑
Antiscalants and Scale Inhibitors
Antiscalants and scale inhibitors, as their name suggests, are chemicals that can be added to feed water before an RO unit to help reduce the scaling potential of the feed water. Antiscalants and scale inhibitors increase the solubility limits of troublesome inorganic compounds. By increasing the solubility limits, you are able to concentrate the salts further than otherwise would be possible and therefore achieve a higher recovery rate and run at a higher concentration factor. Antiscalants and scale inhibitors work by interfering with scale formation and crystal growth. The choice of antiscalant or scale inhibitor to use and the correct dosage depends on the feed water chemistry and RO system design.
Softening by ion exchange
A water softener can be used to help prevent scaling in an RO system by exchanging scale forming ions with non scale forming ions. As with a MMF unit, it is important to have a 5 micron cartridge filter placed directly after the water softener in the event that the under drains of the softener fail.
Sodium Bisulfite (SBS) injection
By adding sodium bisulfite (SBS or SMBS), which is a reducer, to the water stream before an RO at the proper dose you can remove residual chlorine.
Granular Activated Carbon (GAC)
GAC is used for both removing organic constituents and residual disinfectants (such as chlorine and chloramines) from water. GAC media is made from coal, nutshells or wood. Activated carbon removes residual chlorine and chloramines by a chemical reaction that involves a transfer of electrons from the surface of the GAC to the residual chlorine or chloramines. The chlorine or chloramines ends up as a chloride ion that is no longer an oxidizer.
The disadvantage of using a GAC before the RO unit is that the GAC will remove chlorine quickly at the very top of the GAC bed. This will leave the remainder of the GAC bed without any biocide to kill microorganisms. A GAC bed will absorb organics throughout the bed, which is potential food for bacteria, so eventually a GAC bed can become a breeding ground for bacteria growth which can pass easily to the RO membranes. Likewise, a GAC bed can produce very small carbon fines under some circumstances that have the potential to foul an RO.
RO Data Trending and Normalization
The RO membranes are the heart of the RO system and certain data points need to be collected to determine the health of the RO membranes. These data points include the system pressures, flows, quality and temperature. Water temperature is directly proportional to pressure. As the water temperature decreases it becomes more viscous and the RO permeate flow will drop as it requires more pressure to push the water through the membrane. Likewise, when the water temperature increases the RO permeate flow will increase. As a result, performance data for an RO system must be normalized so that flow variations are not interpreted as abnormal when no problem exists. The normalized flows, pressures and salt rejection should be calculated, graphed and compared to the baseline data (when the RO was commissioned or after the membranes were cleaned or replaced) to help troubleshoot any problems and also determine when to clean or inspect the membranes for damage. Data normalization helps display the true performance of the RO membranes. As a general rule of thumb, when the normalized change is +/- 15% from the baseline data then you need to take action. If you don't follow this rule then RO membrane cleanings may not be very effective at brining the membranes back to near new performance.
RO Membrane Cleaning
RO membranes will inevitably require periodic cleaning, anywhere from 1 to 4 times a year depending on the feed water quality. As a general rule, if the normalized pressure drop or the normalized salt passage has increased by 15%, then it is time to clean the RO membranes. If the normalized permeate flow has decreased by 15% then it is also time to clean the RO membranes. You can either clean the RO membranes in place or have them removed from the RO system and cleaned off site by a service company that specializes in this service. It has been proven that offsite membrane cleaning is more effective at providing a better cleaning than onsite cleaning skids.
RO membrane cleaning involves low and high pH cleaners to remove contaminants from the membrane. Scaling is addressed with low pH cleaners and organics, colloidal and biofouling are treated with a high pH cleaner. Cleaning RO membranes is not only about using the appropriate chemicals. There are many other factors involved such as flows, water temperature and quality, properly designed and sized cleaning skids and many other factors that an experienced service group must address in order to properly clean RO membranes.
Reverse Osmosis is an effective and proven technology to produce water that is suitable for many industrial applications that require demineralized or deionized water. Further post treatment after the RO system such as mixed bed deionization can increase the quality of the RO permeate and make it suitable for the most demanding applications. Proper pretreatment and monitoring of an RO system is crucial to preventing costly repairs and unscheduled maintenance. With the correct system design, maintenance program, and experienced service support, your RO system should provide many years of high purity water.
Reverse Osmosis Indonesia
Reverse Osmosis Indonesia Wattech WRO-4V & 4H
Sesuwaikan kebutuhan Anda Kami melayani Mesin Reverse Osmosis Sesuwai pesanan Anda !!!!!!!!
WRO-4V' & 'WRO-4H' Sistem Reverse Osmosis
Spesifikasi Umum
Sistem reverse Osmosis Industrial seri WATTECH WRO dirancang ekonomis dan menghasilkan air dengan kemurnian tinggi dengan menghilangkan mineral terlarut, bakteri, partikel, dan kotoran organik. Setiap mesin WRO dirancang menggunakan material kualitas tertinggi dan bahan operasional yang handal serta kinerja yang optimal. Mesin standar WRO-4 Series tersedia dengan kapasitas air produk dari 560-4530 Lph (13,600-108,800 LPD). Hubungi WATTECH untuk kapasitas air yang lebih besar dengan peralatan WRO-4 Series.
Sistem WATTECH reverse Osmosis memberikan kinerja yang optimal dalam berbagai aplikasi, sebagai berikut:
Air Baku Boiler • Penelitian dan medical labs
Air Bilas • Process air make-up
Pembuatan Es • Humidification
Greenhouses • Pertukaran ion pre-treatment
Parameter Operasional
Tekanan operasi: 200-250 psig
Nominal Pemulihan: 65–75%
Nominal Penolakan Garam: 98–99%
Temperature Operasi: 45–85° F
Desain Temperature: 50° F
Tekanan Inlet Minimum: 30 psig
Qualitas Air Inlet: Chlorine-Free/Softened
Control Circuit: 120 VAC, 1-phase, 60 Hz.
Material Konstruksi
Rangka Skid: Epoxy-coated carbon steel
Membrane Elements: Thin-film Composite (TFC)
Membrane Housings: FRP
Tekanan pipa rendah: Sch 80 PVC
Tekanan Pipa Tinggi: 304SS
Pompa and Motor
Pompa: 304SS vertical multi-stage centrifugal
Motor: TEFC, 460 VAC, 3-phase, 60 Hz.
Fitur Standard
4" x 40" penolakan membrane elements tinggi
5-micron sediment pre-filter housing
Automatic inlet shut-off valve
Solid-state digital controller
Pemancar conductivity air produk
Pengoperasian Pressure gauges
Produk dan concentrate flow meters
Concentrate dan recycle flow control valves
Inlet switch Tekanan Rendah dengan shutdown alarm
Penyediaan peralatan Opsional
Tangki penyimpananAtmosferdengan kontrol leveldanpomparepressurization
Softeners Air dan carbon filter pretreatment
Pressurized tangki vessels
Paket dudukan Skid dengan pre/post peralaan treatment
Sistem pembersihan membrane ditempat
Sistem injeksi chemical Pretreatment
1.1 Penyediakan sistem seperti yang ditunjukkan manufacture reverse osmosis (RO) untuk kemudahan instalasi dan start up. Sistem ini harus dari desain disetujui dan dibuat oleh produsen secara langsung terlibat dalam produksi peralatan pengolahan air. Semua peralatan dan bahan harus dipasok sesuai dengan spesifikasi yang lengkap dan sistem operasional.
1.2 Produsen yang memenuhi syarat dari peralatan pengelolaan air harus terlibat dalam pembuatan peralatan untuk jangka waktu tidak kurang dari (10) tahun. Produsen yang diterima adalah PT. WATTECH atau Engineer yang disetujui.
2.1 Sistem ini, sesuai dengan spesifikasi peralatan, digambarkan sebagai
2.2 Spesifikasi sistem berdasarkan pada WATTECH Model WRO __________________________________ 3.0 DATA DESAIN
Desain sistem Aliran LPH (RO make-up rate) Desain sistem Aliran LPH (Distribusi) Berapa Air yang digunakan Liter / Day Berapa permintaan air harian Hours / Day Kisaran temperatur operasi °F Kisaran tekanan operasie (Sistem) PSIG Kebutuhan Elektrik Dimensi (LxWxH) Kapasitan penampungan diinginkan Liter.
3.2 ANALYSIS AIR (masukkan laporan kualitas air baku yang akurat di sini)
3.3 KUALITAS AIR YANG DINGINKAN (masukkan parameter kualitas air akhir di sini)
4.1 RO MEMBRANE ELEMENTS Unsur-unsur RO harus thin-film composite (TFC), 4″ diameter x 40″ panjang dengan FRP overwrap, perangkat anti-telescoping dan U-CUP Seal air garam. Desain penolakan garam harus 98% berdasarkan 2000-PPM air dan 225 PSIG pada 77 derajat F.
4.2 RO ELEMENT HOUSINGS Element housings RO harus terbuat dari fiberglass reinforced polyester (FRP) dengan tutup PVC. Klem stainless steel end caps. Setiap housing assembly harus lengkap dengan satu set O-ring dan pelumas Oring.
4.3 HIGH PRESSURE PUMP DAN MOTOR Pompa harus vertikal, jenis sentrifugal multistage terbuat dari casing stainless steel 304, shaft, impeller, inlet dan besi cor. Semua bantalan pompa harus tungsten carbide dan keramik. Pompa harus memiliki kerangka besi cor dengan koneksi suction / discharge connections. Standard motor harus dipasang ke adaptor yang didukung pada frame pompa-bearing. Putaran Motor harus untuk 3500 RPM, 460 VAC, tiga fase, 60 Hz. power supply. 4.4 SISTEM KONTROL ELECTRIK Sistem kontrol ini terdiri dari mikroprosesor controller dan pengkabelan motor starter panel oleh perusahaan perakitan dan diuji. Chasing harus 4X dinilai dan dirakit dari FRP. pressure switch harus disediakan untuk mematikan pompa RO dalam kondisi tekanan rendah. Indikator run-time pompa harus ada. Indikator pretreatment interlock dan kontrol harus disediakan untuk mencegah operasi RO bila peralatan pretreatment (seperti filter karbon aktif) off-line dalam kasus backwash atau regenerasi. Indikator autoflush dan kontrol harus ada untuk menyiram konsentrat RO pada mesin shutdown dan atau interval yang telah ditentukan.
4.5 INSTRUMEN Dua (2) panel-mount flowmeters, satu produk dan satu konsentrat harus disediakan. Alat pengukur tekanan Panel-mount untuk inlet, outlet cartridge filter, RO feed, RO konsentrat, dan produk RO harus stainless steel 316 dan berisi cairan. Monitor panel-mount Konduktivitas harus disediakan untuk mengukur kualitas produk RO (dalam mikrosiemen / cm). Monitor harus memiliki tampilan digital, relay alarm, dan kompensasi suhu otomatis. Probe konduktivitas harus dipasang di RO pada stopkontak produk dan peng-kabel ke monitor konduktivitas.
4.6 VALVES Pompa throttle valve, concentrate throttle valve dan recycle throttle valve akan dipasang sejajar, terbuat dari stainless steel lebih dari 300 PSIG. Katup penutup otomatis inlet harus dari tipe diafragma, solenoid diputar terbuka dan terbuat dari kaca-diisi Noryl termoplastik. Katup inlet isolasi, produk berkonsentrasi memeriksa katup dan katup sampel harus PVC dengan EPDM dan seal. Harus ada katup sampel outlet filter cartridge dan berkonsentrasi jalur produk. Mesin harus dilengkapi dengan automatic membrane flush valve untuk membersihkan membran RO dengan air bersih ketika mesin dimatikan sebagai sarana mengurangi membran scaling dan fouling.
4.7 CARTRIDGE PRE-FILTER Cartridge filter housing harus disediakan dalam Jalur inlet dan terbuat dari polypropylene dan termasuk pelepas tekanan built-in atau katup ventilasi. Elemen filter harus dibuat dari spun-wound polypropylene untuk nominal 5 mikron.
4.8 SKID DAN RANGKA Semua mesin RO akan dibuat di atas skid dan bingkai terbuat dari baja karbon struktural dan dilas. Seluruh permukaan harus sand-blasted dan finishing dicat "Safety Blue" self-priming, high solids epoxy overcoat.
4.9 PERPIPAAN Semua perpipaan tekanan rendah (75 psig atau kurang) harus terbuat dari PVC.Sch 80. Tubing produk RO dari masing-masing housing membran harus terbuat dari PVC. Semua kontrol dan tubing pressure gauge harus terbuat dari polyethylene.
Semua pipa tekanan tinggi (75 psig atau lebih tinggi) harus dibuat dari stainless steel 304. Berurutan dan fitting kompresi tekanan tinggi terbuat dari stainless steel atau kuningan yang direkomendasikan. Kontrol tekanan tinggi dan pengukur tekanan tubing harus burst nylon 1000 psig.
4.10 INSTRUKSI Penyelesaian 2 set , Operasi dan Manual Book harus disediakan dalam 3 bundel buku panduan. Petunjuk umum As-built, proses dan instrumen, dan electrical drawings harus disertakan. Semua data komponen, manual, dokumen kalibrasi juga harus disertakan. Daftar suku cadang yang direkomendasikan harus disediakan.
4.11 GARANSI Manufacture harus menyediakan spare part untuk 18 bulan dan Garansi dari tanggal pengiriman peralatan. Garansi elemen Membran adalah standar garansi yang dipilih produsen RO elemen.
4.12 SERVICE Startup On-site atau pelayanan service disediakan dari fabrikator atau perwakilan produsen lokal. layanan telepon sebagai dukungan dan suku cadang juga harus tersedia dari produsen. Tarif dan harga yang harus disertakan dengan jelas dalam operasi dan manual pemeliharaan.
5.1 MULTI-MEDIA FILTER A multi-media filter ukuran tunggal yang sesuai dengan laju aliran inlet mesin RO harus disediakan untuk menghilangkan padatan ke urutan 10-20 mikron. Tangki Media yang akan terbuat dari fiberglass diperkuat poliester (FRP) dirancang untuk 150 psig. Internal Distributor backwash sesudah perpipaan dan air kolektor yang disaring harus disediakan. Media filter terdiri dari antrasit lapisan atas, pasir silika lapisan tengah, dan multi-grade garnet lapisan bawah. Media filter harus disediakan secara terpisah dalam satu (1) cubic foot bags dan dipasang pada pekerjaan-site. Siklus backwash otomatis harus dilakukan oleh top mounted, katup kontrol piston dioperasikan dengan pre-sized saluran orifice pembuangan kontrol aliran. Siklus backwash dilakukan tujuh (7) hari elektro-mekanis. Dasar Desain: WATTECH MID Series.
5.2 CARBON AKTIF FILTER Filter karbon aktif tunggal ukuran yang sesuai dengan laju aliran inlet mesin RO harus disediakan untuk menghilangkan klorin dan pencegahan kerusakan membran RO. Tangki Media yang terbuat dari fiberglass diperkuat poliester (FRP) dirancang untuk 150 psig. internal distributor backwash sesudah perpipaan dan kolektor air harus disediakan. Media filter terdiri dari mesh 12 x 40, karbon batubara bituminous berbasis aktif. Media filter harus disediakan dalam satu (1) cubic kaki dan dipasang pada pekerjaan-site. Siklus backwash otomatis harus dilakukan pada top mounted, katup kontrol dioperasikan dengan pre-ukuran saluran pembuangan kontrol aliran orifice. Siklus backwash untuk diinisiasi oleh adjustable tujuh (7) hari elektro-mekanis kalender kerja. Dasar Desain: WATTECH ACA Series
5.3 SOFTENER AIR Ukuran Double softener air yang sesuai dengan laju aliran inlet mesin RO dan kesadahan air yang masuk harus disediakan untuk mencegah scaling elemen membran RO. Tangki resin yang akan dibuat dari fiberglass diperkuat poliester (FRP) dirancang untuk 150 psig. Internal distributor backwash sesudah perpipaan dan kolektor water softener harus disediakan. Softening resin harus memiliki kapasitas pertukaran 30.000 butir per kubik ketika regenerasi dengan garam £ 15. Tangki air garam harus dibuat dari polietilen berbentuk rotationally dengan penutup yang sesuai. Float dioperasikan, check katup udara pada air garam harus disediakan dan secara otomatis mengukur jumlah air garam yang benar ke unit softener dan pengisian kembali dengan air tawar.
softener regeneration harus dilakukan pada top-mouned, kontrol katup piston dioperasikan dengan kontrol aliran pra-size dan injektor air garam. meteran air harus dipasang untuk memantau volume air olahan dan secara otomatis memulai regenerasi softener. Alternator Controller harus disediakan yang memungkinkan satu pengiriman dalam setiap pelayanan. Tangki kedua adalah untuk regenerasi atau mode stand-by setiap saat. Dasar Desain: WATTECH Series.
5.4 CAMPURAN INLET AIR KATUP Termostatik katup tempering air harus disediakan untuk meningkatkan suhu air 75-77 ° F untuk inlet RO dan meningkatkan kinerja mesin. Putar tuas Katut untuk stop, pindahkan cartridge / saringan, cek stainless steel internal piston,cek suhu regulator, cek katup inlet panas / dingin, dan cek keluaran termometer bimetal. Basik Desain: Wattech
5.5 SDI APPARATUS Silt Density Index (SDI) adalah peralatan harus disediakan untuk mengukur tingkat padatan umpan yang tersuspensi pada membran RO. Ini terdiri dari alat pengukur tekanan regulator, filter holder, 600 mL gelas kimia, katup sampel, tabung dan 0,45 mikron kertas filter.
5.6 ALAT UJI AIR Alat pengujian air yang berkualitas dan komprehensif harus disediakan untuk bidang-mengukur kesadahan total air, jumlah besi, klorin bebas, dan pH.
6.1 TANGKI PENAMPUNGAN ATMOSPHERIC Tangki penyimpanan air produk RO yang berdiri bebas dan dibuat dari polyethylene linear dalam satu set, Konstruksi dari seamless dan Penutup, desain dasar datar. Tangki harus memiliki manway atas untuk mempermudah akses. Sekat fitting PVC harus dipasang untuk high / low-level switches, menyerapan RO inlet, menyerap debit RO, dan drain. 0,2-mikron tangki vent filter harus dipasang dibagian atas tangki.
6.2 LEVEL CONTROL UNTUK TANGKI PENAMPUNGAN Adjustable float switch harus disediakan untuk tangki penyimpanan produk. Pindahkan sinyal start/stop ke unit RO. secondary adjustable float switch harus disediakan untuk level tangki rendah, dan signal menutupoff dari pompa repressurization.
6.3 POMPA RO RE-PRESSURIZATION Penggabungan, pompa single-stage centrifugal harus disediakan untuk distribusi air RO.Satu Pompa, pipa dan kabel dirancang sebagai cadangan. Komponen yang basah harus dibuat dari stainless steel 316 dengan koneksi suction / discharge NPT. Motor harus ODP dengan putaran 3500 RPM, 460 VAC, tiga fase, power supply 60 Hz. pompa panel 4X-kontrol terbuat dari fiberglass dan dilengkapi dengan starter motor yang telah dipersiapkan, Selector switch Pompa, pompa run lights, Lampu Alarm tangki level rendah, hand / off / auto switch, dan Meteran Pompa. Basik desain: Wattech Series.
6.4 LAMPU ULTRAVIOLET Lampu ultraviolet desinfeksi air harus disediakan untuk penghancuran bakteri air dalam tangki penyimpanan dan jalur distribusi. Lampu wavelength 254 nm Life Time 9,000 jam. Bejana tekan harus stainless steel 316 dengan NPT atau flanged inlet inlet / stopkontak. Lampu UV harus ditempatkan heavy-duty quartz jacket. 3R electrical control cabinet harus mencakup run time meter dan lampu ballast power indicator. Kontrol ON / OFF akan ditransfer melalui kontrol panel pompa. Dasar Desain: R-Can sterilight Series
6.5 POST-FILTER HOUSING Dirancang untuk kontaminasi perangkap hilir dari sinar UV. Filter houshing harus dibuat dari polypropylene atau stainless steel 316 dan masuk dalam pressure relief valve. Elemen filter spun-wound polypropylene dan dinilai untuk nominal 1,0 mikron.
Mesin RO, peralatan pre-treatment, dan peralatan pasca perawatan (tidak termasuk tangki penyimpanan air RO) diberikan dipasang komplit dan dibingkai rakitan terbuat dari baja karbon struktural yang dilas. Semua perpipaan interkoneksi dan isolasi manual / katup memotong antara peralatan harus disediakan. Piping dan katup yang akan dibangun dari Sch 80 PVC. Panel kontrol listrik dan semua kabel interkoneksi harus disediakan dalam saluran fleksibel kedap air. Penyambungan listrik untuk tiga fase dan daya satu fase yang diinginkan.
Product Categories
- Fedco High Pressure Pump
- High Pressure Pump Indonesia / Pompa Tekanan Tinggi
- Mesin Air Minum Dalam Kemasan AMDK
- Reverse Osmosis Indonesia – Reverse Osmosis System TWRO Indonesia,BWRO Indonesia,SWRO Indonesia
- Sea Water RO – SWRO Indonesia
- Water Filter
Top Posts
Mesin Air Minum Dalam Kemasan AMDK
Mesin Air Minum Dalam Kemasan AMDK Standar BPOM RI SNI ISO
Reverse Osmosis Seawater, RO Sea water,RO Airlaut ,Pengolahan Air laut
Informasi Lengkap Reverse Osmosis Di indonesia
Reverse Osmosis RO Air Laut – SeaWater RO-SWRO
Sea Water RO - SWRO Indonesia
Seawater Desalination RO Systems Indonesia
Water Filter
Water Filter Indonesia – Filter Air
Reverse Osmosis Indonesia|Wattech WRO – 8H
Reverse Osmosis RO Untuk Rumah Tangga
Mesin Pengolahan Air Laut Dan Air Payau


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Lemieux Wiki, Biography, Age, Height, Family, Career, Facts & more
Lemieux has gained a huge fan following over different social media platforms. On Instagram, Lemieux has over 82.5K followers which he has earned by uploading awesome images and short videos. Lemieux was born in 2000 in the United States. He is 20 years old.
|Nick Name
|Birth Place
|United States
|Date Of Birth
|Age(as of 2020)
|20 Years
|Zodiac Sign
|Not Known
|Instagram Star
Lemieux Age, Height, Weight
Lemieux's age is 20 years. Lemieux's height is 5 feet 6 inches and his weight is approx 63 Kg.
- He has over 82.5K followers on Instagram.
Lemieux Net Worth
What is the earning of Lemieux and how rich is he in 2021? He has a net worth is 1.3 Million Dollars.
Social Media
What is the age of Lemieux?
Age of Lemieux is 20 years old.
When is the Birthday of Lemieux?
Lemieux's birthday is on 2000
How tall is Lemieux?
Lemieux is 5 feet 6 inches tall.
Where is Lemieux from?
Lemieux is from the United States.


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"Monthly Social Security and Supplemental Security Income (SSI) benefits for nearly 62 million Americans will increase 1.7 percent in 2013" SSA. Click here for more.
Denise Appleby
Denise is CEO of Appleby Retirement Consulting Inc., a firm that provides IRA resources for financial/ tax/legal professionals. She has over 20 years of experience in the retirement plans field, which includes training and technical consultation.
Denise writes and publishes educational /marketing tools for advisors; available at http://irapublications.com. Denise co-authored several books on IRAs
Denise is a graduate of The John Marshall Law School, where she obtained a Masters of Jurisprudence in Employee Benefits, and has earned 5 professional retirement designations.
She has appeared on numerous media programs, sharing her insights on retirement tax laws.


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Bathroom Corner Cabinet Amazon. Corner Bathroom Cabinets are made of various materials like wood, metal or glass. Bathroom Furniture All Departments Alexa Skills Amazon Devices Amazon Warehouse Deals Apps & Games Automotive Baby Beauty Books Clothing More options available.
Put every inch of your bathroom to good use with a corner bathroom cabinet to store toiletries and other medical necessities neatly and securely. Bathroom corner cabinets can provide you with an additional storage areas for your bathroom items and appliances that can be situated in any corner of the room. Use them as a pot for Extra Cabinetry.
Get set for bathroom corner cabinet at Argos.
AliExpress carries wide variety of products, so you can find just what you're looking for – and maybe something you never.
Corner cabinets fit neatly into these nooks, whether mounted on the wall or freestanding on the floor. Disclaimer : This page is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate Product information : This elegantly designed storage cabinet is so versatile in design – you can use it in your kitchen, dining room, bathroom or living room! It has a classic design of two door with mirrors and shelf at the bottom part.
Random image of Bathroom Corner Cabinet Amazon
Tags: #amazon mirrored corner bathroom cabinet #amazon white corner bathroom cabinet


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Hi everyone! It's nice to see you and welcome to my little corner of the internet.
My name is Tasya (she/her) and I'm from Indonesia. The Literary Huntress is for readers (or non-readers) where I share my thoughts on books I've read or discussion about other books/reading related topics. I also posted about other entertainment I love such as TV shows, movies, podcast, and music. You might also get glimpses on things that have been going on in my life and other things that happened online. So yeah, this blog is about everything that I experienced and enjoyed, an online journal of sorts, and I hope you'll enjoy them too!
I created this blog sometime in 2013 but only start actively writing in 2015. It's been a journey so far- it took me a while to adjust with the time and commitment needed, while also trying to find my writing style and topics I enjoyed. But this is where I fell in love with communication and I hope to do this for a long time! It also introduced me to a lot of people from the bookish community, which opens a whole new world for me 😊 As I keep growing, things might be evolving here in terms of posting frequency or topics I covered but hopefully, it will still be a place to share love on the things I enjoyed!
📚 Some bookish facts about me:
- The Infernal Devices and The Winternight Trilogy are my favorite trilogies. I scream about them way to often in this blog so you'll be seeing them a lot!
- Some of my other favorite series:
- Percy Jackson and the Olympians
- Small Spaces
- The Queen of Air and Darkness
- PJO > ToA > HoO. Look, Mark of Athena destroyed me (that cliffhanger!!!) but there's nothing that will beat the nostalgic and pure adventure of PJO
- Paperbacks > hardcover. For me they're so much more convenient to travel with, cheaper, and doesn't take too much storage space :') Nowadays I mainly read e-books though as I've been travelling a lot
- Indonesian friends! I sell my secondhand books on carousell, you can visit my shop here. But my shop aside, carousell is a gem to find secondhand books!
I also enjoyed a lot of other media, especially music & series! Some of the artists I love are Taylor Swift, The Maine, All Time Low, and One OK Rock. Since the pandemic, I really got into k-pop and some of the groups I love are GOT7, Stray Kids, NCT, Seventeen, and TXT. I talked about them a lot, featuring them on my wrap ups and some standalone posts so I hope you can discover something new too! As for movies and series, I usually do a monthly wrap up on my Screen Rambles post covering everything I watch from western series, k-drama, j-drama, c-drama, thai movies, or even web dramas!
Twitter / Goodreads / Tumblr / Bloglovin
Disclaimer: All books are purchased with my own money unless otherwise stated. All reviews are personal opinion of mine; they are not sponsored unless otherwise stated. Book covers are all from goodreads.


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ASCENT Liaison Meeting - Supporting cross-layer design space exploration for content addressable memories
Title: Supporting cross-layer design space exploration for content addressable memories
Time: 4:00pm eastern time
- Students: Liu Liu, University of Notre Dame; Mehdi Sharifi, University of Notre Dame;
- Faculty: X. Sharon Hu, University of Notre Dame; Michael Niemier, University of Notre Dame
Content addressable memories (CAMs), a special-purpose in-memory computing (IMC) unit, support parallel searches directly in memory. There is growing interest in CAMs for data-intensive applications such as machine learning and bioinformatics. The design space for CAMs is large and rapidly expanding. In addition to traditional binary and ternary CAMs (TCAMs), analog CAM (ACAM) and multi-bit CAM (MCAM) designs based on various non-volatile memory (NVM) devices being developed in the ASCENT center/elsewhere have recently been introduced, and may offer advantages over CMOS-based solutions across various figures of merit (FOM) and/or enable new compute functionality.
A representative example of our recent work considers end-to-end evaluations of ferroelectric-based, multi-bit content addressable memories that can efficiently support hyperdimensional computing (HDC) workloads [eWorkshop e007542, 2/15/22]. That said, analogous studies to the work on HDC are time consuming, due to the need for (i) detailed device-level modeling, (ii) memory cell/circuit studies, (iii) algorithm-to-hardware mapping, and (iv) the development of a suitable, at-scale architectural framework to properly evaluate meaningful, application-level workloads.
In this meeting, we begin by discussing device-level modeling efforts and memory cell design studies from ASCENT. We then discuss how this research may be coupled with Eva-CAM – a circuit/architecture-level modeling and evaluation tool for CAMs – to support rapid design space explorations of technology driven solutions to more quickly cull a vast design space. Eva-CAM supports TCAM, ACAM, and MCAM designs implemented in non-volatile memories, for exact, best and threshold match types. It also allows for the exploration of CAM array structures and sensing circuits. Eva-CAM has been validated with HSPICE simulation results and chip measurements.
2776.075: Hardware and Programming Models Supporting In-memory Accelerators for Secure Information Processing
2776.083: Application-level Benefits of Emerging, Embedded, Non-volatile Memories
X. Sharon Hu is a Professor at the University of Notre Dame. Her research interests include low-power system design, circuit and architecture design based on emerging technologies, real-time embedded systems, and hardware-software co-design. Some of her recognitions include the Best Paper Awards from DAC and ISLPED. She has participated in several large industry and government sponsored center-level projects and was a theme lead in an NSF/SRC E2CDA project. She was the General Chair of DAC in 2018 and was the TPC chair of DAC in 2015. She is the Editor-in-Chief of ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems, and has also served as Associate Editor for a number of ACM and IEEE journals. X. Sharon Hu is a Fellow of ACM and IEEE.
Michael Niemier is a Professor at the University of Notre Dame. He is interested in designing, facilitating, benchmarking, and evaluating circuits and architectures based on emerging logic, memory, and storage technologies for at-scale workloads/problems. He is the recipient of multiple IBM Faculty Awards, the Rev. Edmund P. Joyce, C.S.C. Award for Excellence in Undergraduate Teaching, and best paper awards such as at ISLPED. Niemier has served on numerous TPCs for design related conferences, and has chaired the emerging technologies track at DATE, DAC, and ICCAD. He is an associate editor for IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology, as well as the ACM Journal of Emerging Technologies in Computing.
This meeting is available to the JUMP research community, such as Principal Investigators, Postdoc researchers, Students, and Industry/Government liaisons.


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World-leading memory brand, TEAMGROUP, has announced new breakthroughs in the TEAMGROUP ELITE U-DIMM DDR5 Standard Memory. To ensure compatibility with next-generation platforms, TEAMGROUP has pioneered the first high-performance 6,400MHz spec per JEDEC definitions for consumers to enjoy upgraded performances with ease in the DDR5 generation.Read more
Memory of a lifetime
As a leading provider of memory storage products and mobile applications to the consumer market, Team Group is committed to providing the best storage, multimedia and data sharing solutions. All Team memory module products come with a lifetime warranty, repair, and replacement services.
You can resolve your questions by reaching the page of product FAQ.
After purchasing a TEAMGROUP's product, if the following problems arose and require maintenance, TEAMGROUP recommends consumers to follow the steps listed below in order to obviate any usage problems.
Thank you for selecting TEAMGROUP's product. If you have any technical or compatibility problems, please click here.


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Whhhhatttt??? It seems like we just started Humanize, but somehow we are already back for Season 4!
We have lots in store for you today, including an update on what we have each been up to and a preview of what we have planned for this season. We're looking into an international focus on DEI, and have some great guests and conversations to tune in to!
Listen now! https://link.chtbl.com/YkJrQIk8
We're exploring:
-#The1619Project - we are digging into this book and cannot wait to share what we are learning
-How the system is holding us ALL back
-Looking at our country's history through a critical lens, and balancing that with our love for America
-#DEI work that is happening in other countries, and how that compares to the United States
What exclusive content you can you expect this season in our #Patreon community
And so much more!!


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Alicia Tee
Sale Sold out
Regular price $110.00 USD
Regular priceUnit price per
Sale price
This tank couldn't get any prettier featuring a smocked body , ultra flattering square neckline and frilly ruffle sleeve. Pair this pop of color with crisp white denim and nude heels for a feminine style.
Nation ltd
Fabric Content: 100% Pima Cotton
Fit is True to Size


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AWS DevOps
We use AWS for provision and managing throusands of containers for Health and Financial startups. AWS services we use are:
EC2 • Auto Scaling • Load Balancing • ECS • ECR • EKS • S3 • EBS • EFS • DynamoDB • Aurora • RDS • MySQL • Postgres • Cassandra • Elasticsearch • ElastiCache • Database Migration Service • Elastic Beanstalk • Lambda • OpsWorks • CloudWatch • CloudFormation • CloudTrail • IAM • Secrets Manager • Key Management Service • Certificate Manager • VPC • Route53 • CloudFront • CodeCommit • CodeBuild • CodeDeploy • CodePipeline • SNS • SQS
Microsoft Azure DevOps
For some multi-national companies StackExpress is using following Azure Cloud Services:
App Service • Resource Manager • Virtual Machines • Virtual Network • Load Balancer • Application Gateway • Traffic Manager • SQL Database • Azure SQL • SQL Server • Database Elastic Pool • Redis Cache • Cognitive Services • Bot Service • Queue Storage • Managed Disks • Table Storage • Blob Storage • Application Insights • Azure DevOps Azure • Front Door • Application Gateway • Kubernetes Service (AKS)
Google Cloud Platform DevOps
StackExpress is using GCP for companies using Big data and serverless applications with GKS. Some of GCP services we use:
Container as a Service • Cloud Functions • App Engine • Google Kubernetes Engine(GKE) • Compute Engine • VMs • Persistent Disk • Cloud Filestore • Cloud Bigtable • App Engine SDK • Cloud SQL • Cloud Datastore • Cloud Spanner • Redis • MongoDB • Cassandra • Virtual Private Cloud • Cloud Endpoints • Cloud Security Scanner • Autoscaling • Load Balancing • Cloud DNS • Cloud VPN • BigQuery • Cloud Dataflow• Cloud Translation • Dialogflow
Digital Ocean DevOps
Our numberous customers are using Digital Ocean for their app stack. StackExpress help setup and manage their complete stack on 24/7 basis. Some of Digital Ocean services we regularly use are:
COMPUTE: • Droplets • Kubernetes • STORAGE: • Spaces Object Storage • Volumes Block Storage • MANAGED DATABASES: • MySQL • PostgreSQL • Redis • NETWORKING: • Cloud Firewalls • Load Balancers • Floating IPs • DNS • DEVELOPER TOOLS: • API • CLI • Monitoring • Teams
Managed Kubernetes
StackExpress can bootstrap a new Kubernetes cluster, or help manage an existing Kubernetes cluster.
We can Dockerize your application for repeatable dev and production environments. With the help of Kubernetes, Docker Swarm, or RancherOS, we give you a self-service platform to deploy containerized applications.
We can scale a deployment. We can add monitoring, alerting, centralized logging. We add HashiCorp Vault Support.
Infrastructure as code
StackExpress can convert your Cloud infrastructure into version controlled Terraform templates. This allows you to safely make changes and rollback infrastructure.
Templates allow StackExpress to optimize your cost by turning off resources when they aren't used and repacking virtual machines and services more efficiently.
Cloud Migration
We are an experts in this area and have helped migrations of very complex nature using automation tools, or manual or combinations of both.
We have extensive experience in migrating client's on-premises app stack to one cloud service provider or to more than one cloud service providers.
We have done such migration without downtime or with least amount of downtime. We also setup backup and failover for various application services.
CI and CD
StackExpress setup, manage or both, continuous integration, delivery and deployment pipelines for startups and software development companies. This includes Development, QA, UAT and production environments. We generally use following to setup the same:
Jenkins • TeamCity • Gitlab CI • CircleCI • CruiseControl • Bomboo • Hudson • Maven • Ant • Gant • Jira • Team Foundation Server (TFS) • Chef • Puppet • QMetry • Selenium • Appium • Artifactory • Docker • SonarQube • Clover • Cucumber • Kubernetes • AWS • Azure • GCP • Digital Ocean
Cloud Automation
Using different automation tools or framework, we draw a plan to convert available resources into infrastructure as a code depending on the particular business needs.
We automate deployment of application components and services. Assemble all to make a complete operational environment for workload management.
Using application monitoring tools we can automate scaling, load balancing etc. to improve performance and remove excess containers when not needed.
Cloud Optimization
We come across frequently where our customer is concerned about on-demand cost due to inefficiently designed stack or application issues.
Our team carefully review these costs and investigate reason for high cost. We then work with developers or implement stack changes to optimize excessive costs.
In our experience we have saved few hundred to few thousand dollars for our customers totaling few millions in overall savings.
Tools and Technology
Based on customer needs, our team uses different tools or combination of two or more. Commonly used such tools by our team are Terraform, Ansible, Chef, SaltStack, TeamCity, Puppet, Juju etc.
For container orchestration we regularly use Kubernetes or Docker Swarm depending on client requirement. For CI/CD we use Jenkins, Maven, Visual Studio, TeamCity, GitLab, GitHub, Subversion, BitBucket, CircleCI etc.
Docker, Vagrant, Jira, Phabricator, New Relic, Graylog, Loggly, Splunk, Logstash, Sumo Logic, syslog-ng, Sentry, Nagios, SolarWinds, Prometheus, PagerDuty, Vault,
Cloud Management
Many times, our team takes full responsibility of managing customer app stack running on AWS, Azure, GCP or Digital Ocean
We setup monitoring and alerting, attend app and cloud infrastructure issues. Make necessary checks as per developer's requirement or work with them to solve the issues.
This team works 24/7 basis and has a less than 15 minutes of response time.


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I've reduced the number of tabs in my browser to only 13 from 62.
Multiple Tabs in an open browser can be convenient but, it can also slow down the page loading process a bit.
If you usually keep up to 9 or more tabs open in your current internet browser on your desktop computer, you will find that sometimes, not always, but sometimes, you will reboot your system one morning and open up your browser, only to find that all of your tabs, in fact, have disappeared.
I keep a record of all my favorite tabs for quick and easy access while surfing the net.
It is funny that sometimes the browser can eliminate all of them without telling you ahead of time that this is going to happen.
I don't really need all these open tabs. My browser, SeaMonkey 2.39 I also have a bookmark bar just below my search bar. Below the search bar, the bookmarks bar keeps hyperlinks to favorite sites listed, but they remain closed until I want them, but below the bookmarks bar is my list of open tabs, which in fact remain open during my online session, which could be all day and all night long.
I have currently 14 tabs open, I just added the tab that gives me the latest status of my browser and it's current version number which is at this moment, on 12/18/2015, at 8:37 AM central time, version 2.39
The details are below this sentence:
'You are currently on the release update channel. See a list of contributors to the Mozilla Project. Read the licensing information for this product. Read the release notes for this version. See the build configuration used for this version. User agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; rv:42.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/42.0 SeaMonkey/2.39 Build identifier: 20151103191810'
I would like to keep up to 26 open tabs as there are several sites I regularly go to, but alas, I will have to use the bookmarks toolbar, just above the tabs toolbar, so I can probably work on this later.
Do you use open tabs? And if you do, how many do you think is the optimum number? And do you keep tabs open to save page load time or for ease of access? Which are your favorite open tabs? Do you keep Wikipedia open at all times?
Here are a list of all the tabs I have used at one time or another for quick and easy access:
1. http://www.seamonkey-project.org/
2. https://www.paypal.com/home
3. http://support.hp.com/us-en/
4. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page
5. https://pixabay.com/en/
6. http://forums.mozillazine.org/
7. https://www.google.com/
8. https://www.facebook.com/
9. https://www.facebook.com/
10. http://www.personapaper.com/
11. http://thoughtzfactory.com/Home.aspx
12. https://www.youtube.com/
13. https://www.pinterest.com/
14. https://my.yahoo.com/
15. http://smile.amazon.com/
16. http://www.amazonkdp.com/
17. https://kdp.amazon.com/
18. http://aolradio.slacker.com/
19. https://lookatdesktop.wordpress.com/
20. http://www.lookatdesktop.com/
21. http://lookatdesktop.hubpages.com/
22. http://forum.crowdsource.com/entry/
23. https://twitter.com/
24. https://www.washingtonpost.com/
25. https://www.sweebleapp.com/
26. http://www.accuweather.com/en/us/
27. https://www.tumblr.com/
28. http://www.hulu.com/search?q=Wonders+of+the+Universe
29. http://accentuatewriters.com/
30. http://www.quirkyscience.com/
31. http://www.decodedscience.com
32. http://www.livescience.com/
33. http://lostwritersforum.freeforums.net/
34. http://maintenance.nanowrimo.org/index.html
35. http://www.taboola.com/
36. http://www.dallasnews.com/
37. http://www.sitemeter.com/default.asp
38. http://www.freesitereport.com/
39. http://www.nbc.com/shows
40. http://www.cbs.com/shows/the-dovekeepers/
41. https://search.yahoo.com/
42. https://www.yahoo.com/
43. https://smile.amazon.com/
44. http://www.hp.com/make-it-matter/us/en/cyber-security
45. http://www.wikisky.org/
46. http://radar.weather.gov/Conus/full.php
47. https://web.skype.com/en/
48. http://tv.jw.org/#video/VODStudio
49. https://www.hpconnected.com/us/en/#welcome/
50. http://www.snapfish.com/
51. http://www.windowscentral.com/windows-10-will-remove-some-features-and-apps-upgrading-windows-7-and-windows-81
52. http://www.xbox.com/en-US/
53. https://www.starbucks.com/
54. https://www.google.com/
55. https://answers.yahoo.com/
56. http://www.mycokerewards.com/content/home.html
57. http://www.kera.org/tv/
58. https://apps.facebook.com/nortonsafeweb/
59. http://www.snagfilms.com/movies/drama
60. https://www.nasa.gov/
61. http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/ca/
62. 46. http://tv.jw.org/
Hmm! I didn't realize I had all those tabs open in my browser. No wonder it removed them all.
Talk about tab overload!
Image Credit » https://pixabay.com/en/tags-labels-markers-badges-tabs-154276/ by OpenClipartVectors


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Dental Treatments
Hollywood Smile
Your teeth are covered with zirconium crowns to have a more aesthetic smile. You can choose the amount of crowns and the color of them. If you pay attention to dental care, you can use it for a lifetime in a healthy way.
All on four or six
The implants are inserted and teeth are covered for your lost or loose teeth. It requires two visits. There should be a break of 3 months between visits.
Teeth Cleaning and Whitening
Your teeth, which go yellow because of cigarettes and coffee, can become whiter within 1 hour.


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Best answer
Step 1 Clean the teapot in hot, soapy water to remove any dirt or grease from the surface. Rinse and dry the teapot when it is clean. Step 2Paint the outside of the teapot with water-based ceramic paints and an artist's paintbrush. Paint the teapot one solid color or use several shades of paint to create a design.
People also ask
How to paint ceramic pots?
Apply a primer to the ceramic pot using a paintbrush. The primer helps the final coat of paint adhere and it covers any small imperfections or discolorations. Let the primer coat dry completely.
How do you paint a teapot with paint?
Paint the teapot one solid color or use several shades of paint to create a design. Wait at least 24 hours to give the paint plenty of time to dry. Preheat your oven to 200 degrees F.
How to clean a painted ceramic teapot?
Reduce the oven temperature to 150 degrees F and bake the teapot for approximately 50 minutes. Remove the teapot from the oven using potholders and turn off the oven. Do not use the teapot until it is cool. Hand wash your painted ceramic teapot to avoid damaging the paint.
How do you Prime a pot before painting?
Prime your pot with a ceramic spray primer. To ensure that your paint adheres to the surface of your pot, prime it first. Buy a can of spray primer designed specifically for ceramics or pottery. Take your pot outside and put a sheet of paper or cardboard underneath to keep the ground dry.


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Two Teens Formally Charged With First-Degree Murder in Death of School Teacher
Two Iowa teenagers were formally charged with first-degree murder and conspiracy to commit murder in the death of a teacher at their high school. The judge said there was enough evidence for the case to go to trial, the Associated Press reported.
Willard Noble Chaiden Miller and Jeremy Everett Goodale, both 16, are accused of killing Nohema Graber, a 66-year-old Spanish teacher at Fairfield High School. Authorities have not revealed a possible motive or if she taught either of the suspects.
She was reported missing Nov. 2 and her remains were found later that day at Chautauqua Park in Fairfield, where she's known to take her daily walks. Her body was found concealed under a tarp, wheelbarrow and railroad tires.
Prosecutors in Fairfield filed documents containing charges against Miller and Goodale. Earlier court filings stated that Graber suffered "inflected trauma to the head."
According to the AP, police received a tip that Goodale posted details for plans about the killing on social media, according to court documents. The documents indicated police investigators found what appear to be blood-stained clothing at the teenager's homes.
Documents also said Miller admitted to being at the park when Graber was killed, and to providing material used to kill and conceal her death.
Miller and Goodale are held on $1 million bonds. Their arraignment date is set for Nov. 29.
For more reporting from the Associated Press, see below.
Under Iowa law, prosecutors may file trial information and other documents detailing the allegations, negating the need for defendants to be in court for an initial appearance to face formal charges. Previously set appearances for both teens were canceled for Friday.
Records show minutes of testimony also were filed but kept sealed as allowed under Iowa law. The minutes typically outline a crime in detail significant enough for a judge to approve them and hold the defendants over for trial.
Judge Joel Yates said he reviewed the information and the minutes of testimony and found "they contain evidence which, if unexplained, is sufficient to warrant a conviction by a trial jury.
"Being satisfied from the showing made that the case should be prosecuted, I approve the trial information," he wrote.
Attorneys for both have requested a hearing for bond reduction, which Yates has set for Nov. 23.
An attorney for Goodale declined to comment on the charges, and an attorney for Miller did not immediately respond to messages.


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Preview: Swans v Tottenham
Swansea City will look to book a trip to Wembley when they take on Tottenham Hotspur in today's Emirates FA Cup quarter-final at the Liberty Stadium (12.15pm).
The Swans have already made a little bit of history in this season's competition, for this is the first time they have reached the last eight since 1964 – the year before Carlos Carvalhal was born.
But Carvalhal has told his players – and the Jack Army – that they can start to dream about doing something special in the cup having got this far.
The Swans will face a huge examination this afternoon, though, as they take on opponents who they have struggled against in recent times.
In fact, Tottenham are the only one of the top clubs the Swans have failed to beat since they were promoted to the Premier League in 2011.
In 14 top-flight meetings in that period, there have been three draws and 11 Spurs wins.
The most recent encounter was at the beginning of January, when Mauricio Pochettino's team won 2-0 in contentious circumstances in Landore.
Swans old boy Fernando Llorente scored the opener that night despite being well offside, while Spurs defender Davinson Sanchez was fortunate to escape a red card.
Carvalhal was justifiably pleased with his players' efforts in what was his first home game as Swans boss – and remains his only defeat in SA1 thus far.
His aim today is to maintain that record. While Premier League survival is the clear priority, Carvalhal would love to do something special in the cup.
Swans top scorer Jordan Ayew is missing through suspension following his red card at Huddersfield, while brother Andre is ineligible for the cup along with fellow January signing Andy King.
With Angel Rangel, Renato Sanches, Leroy Fer and Wilfried Bony, Carvalhal's options are somewhat limited for this game.
Tottenham suffered a heavy blow at Bournemouth last weekend as star striker Harry Kane suffered ankle ligament damage. With Kane out, Fernando Llorente could start against his form club.
Dele Alli came off last time out with a groin problem, while fellow midfielder Harry Winks is battling an ankle complaint and Toby Alderweireld has had hamstring trouble.
Tammy Abraham: "Tottenham won't come and sit back. They will come all guns blazing and we have to do the same. We have to believe we can do it."
Alfie Mawson: "A result like we got at Huddersfield last weekend can drive us on. We can now go into the FA Cup full of confidence and look to deliver another result."
Spurs defender Serge Aurier: "We wanted to play well after (losing to) Juventus. We had such a good mindset (at Bournemouth last weekend) because it's very difficult there and now we focus on the FA Cup and the Premier League for the final weeks of the season."
02.01.18 Swans 0 Spurs 2
16.09.17 Spurs 0 Swans 0
05.04.17 Swans 1 Spurs 3
03.12.16 Spurs 5 Swans 0
28.02.16 Spurs 2 Swans 1
04.10.15 Swans 2 Spurs 2
7 – The Swans head into today's game having won their last seven home fixtures in all competitions. That is their best sequence since 2004-05, when Kenny Jackett's team chalked up eight straight wins during a memorable final season at Vetch Field. The last visiting team to avoid defeat at the Liberty were Spurs.
15 – The Swans may feel they are due a result today having failed to win any of their last 15 games against Spurs.