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Most Recent Update—August 19, 2019
Questions on this webpage have been updated to reflect the results of General Conference 2019. Wespath continues to give thoughtful consideration to the decisions of the Special Session of the General Conference and the impact on pensions, benefits and liabilities funding. These FAQs are updated periodically.
Please direct any questions to [email protected].
The Special Session of the General Conference of The United Methodist Church (February 23-26, 2019 in St. Louis, Missouri) acted on a report from the Commission on a Way Forward, which was authorized to examine paragraphs in The Book of Discipline concerning human sexuality and to explore options to strengthen church unity. [More details and news stories related to General Conference 2019 are available on the UMC website: umc.org and on the UMC's General Conference 2019 webpage.]
The following FAQs provide information on two pension-related petitions that were submitted by the Commission on a Way Forward and approved by the General Conference, as well as additional information related to General Conference 2019 outcomes and potential impacts on clergy benefits.
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What are the two pension-related petitions that were approved at General Conference 2019?
Petition 90016 added ¶1504.23 to The Book of Discipline, which requires that local churches changing the nature of their connection to The United Methodist Church shall pay a proportional fair share of the annual conference's unfunded pension liability to the annual conference. This payment is designed to account for the investment, longevity and other risks that the local church is leaving with its conference.
Petition 90017 amended the Clergy Retirement Security Program (CRSP) for active clergy who leave the UMC by termination of their annual conference relationship. The vested accrued pension benefits of such clergy will be converted to an account balance. The conversion will use actuarial factors corresponding to those used when determining annual conference plan sponsor contributions to CRSP.
- The converted pensions—along with CRSP defined contribution (DC) and Ministerial Pension Plan (MPP) account balances—will be transferred to an individual account in the United Methodist Personal Investment Plan (UMPIP), a voluntary defined contribution plan maintained by Wespath.
What happens to pension benefits after the General Conference 2019?
For most participants nothing will change.
- If you are receiving pension or annuity payments from Wespath as a retiree, surviving spouse or other beneficiary, your benefits are not changing. Nothing that happened at the 2019 General Conference will change those benefits. However, as was the case before General Conference 2019, if you are receiving benefits from the Pre-82 Plan and terminate your relationship with your annual conference, you would no longer be eligible for future Past Service Rate (PSR) increases.
- If you are an actively serving clergyperson and you remain fully connected to your United Methodist annual conference, your benefit coverage remains the same.
- If you are an active clergyperson who leaves The United Methodist Church (meaning your conference relationship terminates or ends), then the retirement benefits you have earned up to the date you leave will be preserved, but converted to an individual account balance, as explained below.
What happens to accrued pension benefits for a clergyperson who leaves the UMC after General Conference 2019?
If an active clergyperson's annual conference relationship is terminated under ¶360 of The Book of Discipline, all of that clergyperson's accrued pension benefits under the Clergy Retirement Security Program (CRSP), including those under the Pre-82 portion of the plan, would be converted into an account balance (dollar amount) equivalent and transferred to the United Methodist Personal Investment Plan (UMPIP), a voluntary defined contribution plan maintained by Wespath.
Retirement Plan (U.S. Clergy) Years of UMC Service Impact of Leaving UMC Connection Pre-82 Plan Prior to 1982 The clergyperson's benefit is converted into an account balance equivalent and transferred to UMPIP.
- The calculation takes into account both the "formula benefit" [Pre-82 credited service x past service rate (PSR)] and the defined benefit service money (DBSM), and ensures that the participant's benefit reflects whichever of the two produces the greater value.
Ministerial Pension Plan (MPP) 1982 – 2006 MPP benefits are account balances that do not need to be converted. The account balances would be transferred to UMPIP. CRSP defined benefit (CRSP DB) January 2007 – date of termination/ relationship change
- Based on the date of the clergyperson's departure, DB benefits will no longer accrue service credit.
- CRSP DB benefits would be converted into an account balance and transferred to UMPIP.
CRSP defined contribution (CRSP DC) January 2007 – date of termination/ relationship change
- CRSP DC account balances would be transferred to UMPIP.
All of the amounts transferred to UMPIP as described above would be invested in Wespath funds according to the direction of the terminated participant—similar to the participant's personal contributions to UMPIP. These amounts could provide opportunities for growth that do not exist in pension benefits (depending on market conditions and fund returns), but no longer guarantee lifetime income through monthly annuity payments.
UMPIP benefits are portable, no matter where a clergyperson serves or if the pastor leaves ministry altogether.
I'm hearing rumors like "Wespath will freeze my pension if I disobey The Book of Discipline." Is that true?
No. Wespath follows the terms of the retirement plan documents and applicable federal and state law. Wespath is not the enforcer of Church rules. As explained throughout this FAQ, your pension and retirement benefits are secure. If you remain fully connected to the UMC, your benefits do not change based on anything that happened at the 2019 General Conference. If you leave the UMC, your earned pension benefits are preserved and converted to an account balance that is secure and portable through UMPIP.
How does the pension conversion provision apply to surviving spouses?
Widows, widowers and other survivors currently receiving pension or annuity payments will continue to receive those payments. There is no change in their pension benefits as a result of General Conference 2019.
As a result of General Conference 2019's enactment of the pension conversion provision, an active clergyperson who terminates his or her relationship with the UMC will have his or her benefit converted to an account balance equivalent. If the former UMC clergyperson then dies, the remaining account balance would pass on to the person's heirs.
For clergy who leave the UMC and are required to have their pensions converted to an equivalent account balance: how is the conversion calculated?
The conversion is calculated using the same actuarial assumptions, or "factors," that are used when determining annual conference contributions to fund the pension benefits. These factors are sometimes referred to as "funding factors" and include considerations like expected mortality and long-term investment returns.
The use of funding factors to convert pensions to an equivalent account balance results in an account balance that approximates the value of contributions (with earnings) made by the annual conference to fund the pension of the clergyperson leaving the UMC.
Clergy who are considering terminating their UMC relationship or surrendering their UMC credentials should discuss the process with their annual conference (benefits office). The conference will coordinate with Wespath to assure appropriate benefits administration.
Why aren't "market factors" used instead of "funding factors" when calculating the conversion?
Using "market factors" would result in an account balance that is higher than the amount contributed to fund the future benefits. This would give clergy who leave the UMC a financial advantage over those who stay. Using market factors would also lower the "funded ratio" of the retirement plan, which could harm both annual conferences and clergy who remain with the UMC.
Can clergy who choose to exit the UMC keep their retirement account at Wespath--or would they be required to withdraw their account balance and invest elsewhere?
Clergy who terminate or change their relationship with their current annual conference or with the UMC connection may keep their retirement account at Wespath; they are not required to withdraw their account balance and invest elsewhere.
This is also true for clergy who have their pension benefits converted to an equivalent account balance, which is then transferred to UMPIP. For such clergy, any account balances transferred to UMPIP may remain invested with Wespath. Wespath serves many former UMC employees, surviving spouses and beneficiaries.
If an eligible clergyperson participates in the Voluntary Transition Program (VTP), will their accrued pension benefits under CRSP be converted into an account balance and transferred to UMPIP?
Yes, with one exception. The exception is for Associate Members, who are eligible for VTP, but who do not withdraw under ¶360 of the Discipline. Associate Members who participate in VTP will receive VTP benefits, but will not be subject to the mandatory conversion legislation discussed above. All other clergy who participate in VTP will be withdrawing under ¶360, and will receive VTP benefits and have their accrued pension benefits under CRSP converted into an account balance and transferred to UMPIP.
If clergy exit the UMC and become eligible for a distribution from UMPIP, are there any disadvantages to rolling the balance over to an individual retirement account (IRA) or other retirement plan?
Potentially, yes. Rolling retirement assets out of a Wespath-administered plan to an IRA or other retirement plan could result in the loss of a clergyperson's ability to benefit from the housing allowance exclusion from gross taxable income for distributions. Clergy may want to consult a tax advisor for more information.
If clergy withdraw from their annual conference and do not join another denomination, do they lose the housing allowance exclusion from gross income?
It depends. Terminating one's UMC relationship won't by itself impact whether the clergyperson may apply the housing allowance exclusion to retirement plan distributions.
- However, a rollover of retirement plan benefits from Wespath to an IRA or a future employer's retirement plan could affect the clergyperson's ability to apply the housing allowance exclusion.
Please note: The housing allowance exclusion applies only to compensation earned or retirement benefits accrued while performing services as a "minister of the gospel" as defined by the IRS. Eligibility for the housing allowance exclusion is a tax issue regulated by the IRS. More details are available on the IRS.gov website.
Clergy who are interested in executing a rollover should consult with a tax advisor to assess the risk of losing the housing allowance exclusion.
If a clergyperson exits the UMC, can he or she continue contributing to UMPIP?
Generally, clergy must remain active with an annual conference, local church or other UMC-associated organization that sponsors UMPIP in order to continue contributing. However, if a former UMC clergyperson serves a new employer, a former UMC local church or other organization that is sufficiently associated with the UMC (a "facts and circumstances" analysis based on IRS guidance), and the employer agrees to sponsor UMPIP, then personal contributions to UMPIP may continue.
How are individual clergy pension benefits determined under the Clergy Retirement Security Program (CRSP)?
Each clergyperson has a unique combination of benefits based on one's specific years of service and the plan designs in place at that time of service.
Learn more about UMC retirement plans here.
Will monthly pension benefits being paid to a clergyperson be reduced in the event of a UMC restructure (for example, if many churches leave the UMC, resulting in annual conferences merging)? What about accrued benefits not yet in payment?
The chance that pension payments would be reduced is very remote.
Pension benefits already earned (accrued) to date through defined benefit (DB) retirement plans are "vested" and generally secure.
- Clergy who depart from the UMC (i.e., terminate their UMC annual conference relationship) would have a change in the form of their benefit. Departing clergy would not forfeit benefits they have accrued; however, the DB accruals (i.e., the promise of future fixed payments for life in retirement) would be converted into an equivalent account balance (a dollar amount that belongs to the clergyperson and grows or shrinks based on market fluctuations) that is transferred into the United Methodist Personal Investment Plan (UMPIP).
- Local churches that leave the UMC must pay a fair share payment (also called "withdrawal liability") to the annual conference in order to help ensure that pensions being paid can be preserved.
Does any legislation passed at General Conference 2019 impact pensions of currently retired clergy?
No. Retirement benefits for already retired clergy are secure. The pension-related provisions that passed at General Conference 2019 seek to maintain that security.
Did the pension-related petitions that passed at General Conference 2019 apply to clergy in the Central Conferences?
No. Clergy in the Central Conferences receive retirement benefits through the pension plans of those conferences. Those plans do not have connectional liabilities.
These FAQs apply to U.S. clergy, local churches and annual conferences.
What about other clergy benefits?
Most of Wespath's focus leading up to General Conference 2019 has been on clergy pension benefits because of the long-term liabilities among U.S. annual conferences and the shared responsibility for payments.
However, potential restructure of the UMC (including but not limited to potential exit of clergy or local churches) could also impact other clergy benefits administered through Wespath, as explained below.
If a clergyperson is currently receiving disability benefits from the Comprehensive Protection Plan (CPP), will leaving the UMC cause those disability benefits to stop? What if the clergyperson's local church leaves the UMC?
Replacement income that is already being paid from CPP due to disability will continue—even if the clergyperson leaves the UMC or his/her local church exits.
- Once those benefits begin, they will continue for as long as the recipient remains disabled (as defined in CPP). (Please note: Any retirement plan contributions made by CPP during disability would cease when a clergyperson leaves the UMC. Also, there are other events that may cause disability replacement income to end, such as failing to verify continued disability, reaching a certain age, etc.; these events are related to CPP plan rules and are not specific to leaving the UMC.)
If an active clergyperson leaves the UMC, will he or she remain eligible for death benefits from CPP?
No. An active clergyperson who leaves the UMC does not remain eligible for CPP death benefits. (However, if a clergyperson had already retired and qualified for retiree death benefits before leaving the UMC, the clergyperson would remain eligible for CPP retiree death benefits.)
If an active clergyperson's local church leaves the UMC, will he or she remain eligible for death benefits from CPP?
Yes, the clergyperson remains eligible for CPP death benefits if he or she remains with the UMC and continues to meet the eligibility requirements of CPP. But, if the clergyperson leaves the UMC with his or her local church, then he or she would not remain eligible for death benefits from CPP.
If a retired clergyperson is convicted of Book of Discipline violations with regard to the BOD rules regarding human sexuality or other provisions -- does the clergyperson lose earned pension benefits?
No. Generally, a clergyperson (whether active or retired) cannot lose earned pension benefits through a church trial or other termination. Earned pension benefits are vested under the terms of the retirement plans and cannot be taken away.
However, the clergyperson may forgo certain future pension benefit increases, such as Past Service Rate (PSR) increases under the Pre-1982 Plan. Additionally, the retired clergyperson might have other benefits in retirement that could be affected by termination (for example: retiree medical coverage, which is subject to the rules and policies of the annual conference).
If an already retired clergyperson surrenders his or her UMC credentials (after retirement) or otherwise terminates their conference relationship, would the clergyperson lose earned pension benefits?
No. Generally, an already retired clergyperson who surrenders credential voluntarily after retirement or terminates their conference relationship does not lose earned pension benefits. Earned pension benefits are vested under the terms of the retirement plans and cannot be taken away.
However, the clergyperson may forgo certain future pension benefit increases, such as Past Service Rate (PSR) increases under the Pre-1982 Plan. Additionally, the retired clergyperson might have other benefits in retirement that could be affected by termination (for example: retiree medical coverage, which is subject to the rules and policies of the annual conference).
I'm hearing rumors that Wespath will freeze my church's assets if the local church doesn't follow the Book of Discipline. Is that true?
No. Wespath follows the terms of the retirement plan documents and applicable federal and state law. Wespath is not the enforcer of Church rules. Wespath would not freeze any assets unless required by law, i.e., if ordered to do so by a court of competent jurisdiction.
- As explained throughout this FAQ, participants" pension and retirement benefits are secure.
- As explained below, payments owed by local churches to cover long-term pension liabilities are made to the annual conference—not to Wespath.
- For a local church that chooses to exit the UMC: the annual conference would calculate the amount owed for pension and other obligations.
How does petition 90066 (upheld by the Judicial Council in April 2019) impact what a departing local church might owe to its annual conference?
Petition 90066 (upheld by the Judicial Council) created a disaffiliation path under a new Discipline ¶2553 that allows a departing local church to keep its building, if it pays certain obligations to the annual conference. This in effect suspends the Trust Clause for departing churches that meet the requirements set out in BOD ¶2553.
- Such a disaffiliation with property will require approval by annual conference majority vote.
- ¶2553 (BOD ¶2553.4.d) also requires the disaffiliating local church to pay its share of unfunded pension obligations to the annual conference it is leaving, which is in harmony with ¶1504.23.
See the next question for a recent development regarding BOD ¶2553.
How does the Commission on General Conference's voiding a vote on petition 90066 (due to evidence of improper voting at GC2019) impact what a departing church might owe to its annual conference?
In early August 2019, the Commission on General Conference reviewed an investigation that found evidence of invalid voting at GC2019 that potentially affected the result of a vote on petition 90066 (a motion to substitute a minority report for the text of petition 90066). In light of the evidence, the Commission ruled that the vote on the minority report is void, and asked the Council of Bishops to consider referring the matter to the Judicial Council to examine the potential legal impact on the substitute petition, which ultimately passed. The impact of improper voting on petition 90066 won't be known unless and until Judicial Council rules on such matter.
Petition 90066 creates a new Discipline ¶2553 that provides a disaffiliation path for local churches. That paragraph is in harmony with ¶1504.23, also enacted by GC2019, which requires local churches changing the nature of their connection to The United Methodist Church to pay a proportional fair share of the annual conference's unfunded pension liability to the annual conference (a "withdrawal liability"). Under ¶1504.23, such a departing local church must pay its annual conference the withdrawal liability whether it is departing under the terms of ¶2553 or otherwise.
Paragraph 1504.23 is not impacted by the Commission's findings regarding improper voting. Thus, a ruling by the Judicial Council invalidating ¶2553 would not impact ¶1504.23. Local churches changing the nature of their connection to The United Methodist Church, in whatever manner, would remain responsible for paying to their annual conference the withdrawal liability required by ¶1504.23.
Why would an exiting local church be expected to pay monies to the annual conference to cover unfunded pension obligations?
The connectional nature of The United Methodist Church means that departure by one local church affects the whole Connection. An exiting church would leave some portion of its long-term pension obligations to the annual conference from which it is departing. This means that the exiting church in effect would leave behind its share of market and longevity risks related to retirees and survivors receiving benefits to the other local churches in its former annual conference and, to some extent, to other annual conferences and their local churches.
By paying its "fair share" of the annual conference's aggregate unfunded pension liability as part of its exit, the exiting local church provides funding to the conference to support the long-term pension payments promised to active and retired clergy and their surviving beneficiaries. This "fair share" payment also compensates the local church's former annual conference for assuming what would have been that church's risks (investment, longevity and mortality risks) for long-term clergy benefits now that the church will no longer be part of the annual conference.
Who calculates an exiting church's share of unfunded pension obligation that must be paid to its annual conference?
The annual conference would determine the amount that an exiting church owes for its share of unfunded pension liabilities. Similarly, the annual conference currently determines the amount each UMC local church pays to fund pension liabilities.
What role would Wespath have in determining pro rata unfunded pension obligations?
At the request of a conference officer, Wespath would estimate the total unfunded liability for accrued benefits and annuities being paid, reflecting recent market conditions for the entire annual conference. But the conference would then decide how to allocate a proportional share of that unfunded liability to a local church. The total unfunded liability, provided by Wespath, would be calculated using market factors, similar to those used by a commercial annuity provider. A conference officer may request to be provided this estimate at any time by contacting their Conference Liaison or the Wespath Actuarial Department.
If a local church exits the UMC, how would that church's pro rata share of unfunded pension obligations be calculated?
The individual church's share of unfunded pension obligations would be determined by its annual conference. Conferences have flexibility in how they might calculate this. Some potential options that conferences might use to calculate individual church obligations include:
- The local church's apportionment decimal
- The local church's income as a percent of income from all churches in that conference
- The pastor's compensation as a percent of total compensation for all pastors in the conference
- Other methodologies as determined by the annual conference, such as local church membership or attendance, or church giving, among others
Upon conference request, Wespath has partnered with some annual conferences to determine the conference's aggregate unfunded pension liabilities. Wespath is available to help annual conferences in developing their formulas.
Does Wespath have any suggestions on how annual conferences might calculate an exiting church's "share" of possible future pension funding?
Wespath suggests the following two-step approach for calculating an exiting church's "fair share":
- The conference may obtain from Wespath information about the additional dollar amount needed to fully fund all of the conference's retirement plan components using actuarial assumptions similar to what a commercial insurer would use (i.e., actuarial assumptions based on a "market basis"), including funding for: Pre-82 Plan, Ministerial Pension Plan (MPP) and Clergy Retirement Security Program (CRSP).
- The conference then determines the departing church's pro rata share of this amount based on that church's financial capacity as compared to other churches in the conference. This might be based on apportionment decimal or other methods described above.
Is the exiting church's "pro rata fair share" payment based on any specific retirement plan?
No. The local church's pro rata fair share (also called "withdrawal liability") will be based on total liability for all defined benefit (DB) retirement plans [Pre-82 Plan, annuities from the Ministerial Pension Plan (MPP), and the DB portion of Clergy Retirement Security Program (CRSP)].
Is there a way that an entire annual conference can disaffiliate from the UMC? What would it mean for pensions if an annual conference disaffiliates? - Would every local church in the annual conference need to pay a pension withdrawal fee? - Or: would the annual conference as a whole need to pay a withdrawal fee like that for local churches under Discipline ¶ 1504.23 and ¶ 2553?
Wespath is not aware of a legal pathway, as of now, for an annual conference to take such an action. In the absence of a General Conference-approved pathway for a U.S. annual conference to disaffiliate, there would be numerous legal and financial uncertainties.
However, at the 2019 General Conference, there was a petition (Petition 90041) that would have created such a path for disaffiliation by an annual conference. Petition 90041 was reviewed by the Judicial Council and held to be constitutional, but it was never approved by the General Conference.
Moreover, in Appendix 4 to the Commission on a Way Forward Report [page 162 of 2019 ADCA], Wespath suggested that the portion of the pension plan related to an annual conference that were to disaffiliate or become autonomous could be spun-off from the UMC clergy pension plan (CRSP), more or less intact. The plan would be maintained separately by Wespath, and would be funded on a similar basis as today by the former annual conference.
For example: Wespath has done this before for the Puerto Rico Methodist Church (PRMC). PRMC formerly was an annual conference in the Northeastern Jurisdiction. In 1992, the Puerto Rico Annual Conference became an autonomous Methodist church through approval of the General Conference. PRMC remained a plan sponsor of CRSP for many years, and in 2011 (due to federal law changes) the PRMC portion of the plan was 'spun-off" from the rest of CRSP. Today, Wespath maintains and administers the PRMC plan in cooperation with PRMC's governing bodies. The PRMC plan has since become a defined contribution account-balance based plan for all new earned benefits.
The framework for a U.S. annual conference disaffiliation would be fundamentally different than the exit payments that apply to local churches that disaffiliate under Discipline ¶1504.23 and ¶2553.
- As long as the disaffiliating annual conference agreed to retain responsibility for its pension obligations as a separate spun-off plan, there would not be a market-based exit payment like for disaffiliating local churches. Instead, the former annual conference would be responsible for keeping its pension liabilities fully-funded generally on a long-term funding basis, separately from the plan for the remaining UMC annual conferences. The former annual conference would lose the "connectionalism" built into the UMC clergy pension plan, as it would have no claim to support from other annual conferences.
- Wespath would work with the former annual conference to amend its frozen spun-off pension plan to reflect the polity, context and financial capacity of the former annual conference. Going forward, Wespath could serve the former annual conference as administrator of a new defined contribution retirement plan.
- The framework could become more complicated if numerous local churches in the annual conference disagreed with the annual conference's choice to disaffiliate and sought to remain in the UMC (by transfer to a remaining UMC annual conference).
- The framework also would be more complicated if numerous clergy with accrued benefits, retirees or surviving spouses were to choose to remain part of the UMC, even though their annual conference disaffiliates.
Wespath continues to analyze these additional complications in preparation for the 2020 General Conference.
- If the disaffiliating annual conference declines to retain responsibility for its pension obligations and instead leaves those liabilities with the remaining UMC annual conferences (who are collectively responsible for the pension plan), only then would the disaffiliating conference need to make some sort of exit payment.
What is the difference between "market factor" and "funding factor" -- and how does that affect an exiting church's "pro rata fair share" payment (also called "withdrawal liability") to cover unfunded pension liabilities?
- Pension plan liabilities on a long-term funding basis are calculated using a discount rate* that reflects the long-term, average expected earnings of the plan assets. All annual conferences currently make contributions on a funding basis for MPP annuities and CRSP DB.
- Pension plan liabilities on a market basis are calculated at a discount rate that reflects what the liabilities would be priced at on the open market and is often the starting point that an insurer or other outside party would use in pricing the liabilities if taking over the responsibility for benefit payments from the plan sponsor (the conference, in this case). Such a third party would typically add on additional charges for the assumption of risk, profit and administrative fees.
Depending on current interest rates, market liabilities are typically higher than funding liabilities. This is because market-based discount rates are generally lower, reflecting more conservative assumptions about future earnings of plan assets.
Using market-based rates helps minimize the financial risk that is transferred to the party taking over the long-term responsibility for benefit payments. Sometimes the difference between market basis and funding basis liability amounts are quite substantial.
*The discount rate is an interest rate used to calculate the present value (i.e., money needed to pay all benefit liabilities today) of expected future benefit payments (i.e., the plan liabilities). Generally speaking, the lower the discount rate, the greater the liabilities.
If a local church has dutifully paid 100% of its apportionments and pension payments over the years, why would it still be expected to pay an additional "fair share" if it leaves the annual conference or denomination?
Even though the local church has paid as expected for many years, the church still leaves behind a long-term financial risk when it exits. This is because an exiting church leaves behind what would have been its share of long-term liabilities (i.e., monies the church would have paid in future benefits to retired clergy). The annual conference and the remaining local churches in that conference therefore assume the long-term financial risk for those benefit payments. Long-term financial risk is affected by factors such as investment conditions and longevity (i.e., how long participants and surviving spouses/beneficiaries are estimated to receive promised payments).
If a local church exits from a conference whose plans are currently "fully funded," would the church be excused from paying an additional "fair share" withdrawal liability?
If the conference's plans are fully funded on a market basis (which would be a very rare circumstance), there would be no unfunded liability related to the mandatory pension plans. However, there may be other obligations of the conference for which the local church may be asked by the conference to make a withdrawal liability payment for. Even if the conference plans are fully funded on a long-term basis at the time the local church exits, there is no guarantee that they will remain fully funded over the next 10 to 50 years or beyond because of fluctuations in investment markets, mortality, etc. over the long term.
Where would exit payments be held?
Legislation passed by General Conference 2019 requires that a local church's exit payment ("withdrawal liability") be paid to its former annual conference. The Conference Board of Pensions or other decision-making body in the annual conference would determine the ultimate use of these assets, but would be encouraged to use them for pension and benefits purposes.
If a local church left the UMC any time before General Conference 2019 (including in prior years), would they have had to pay their "fair share" to cover unfunded pension liabilities?
It depends. Because the UMC is "connectional," a departure by one local church affects others. So a local church that left The United Methodist Church connection before General Conference 2019 might have been expected to pay its fair share of unfunded pension liability to the annual conference from which it departed.
Annual conferences may have sought these contributions in the past. Petition 90016, which passed at General Conference 2019, amended language in The Book of Discipline to require such contributions (Discipline ¶1504.23).
If a local church exits The United Methodist Church, would it face costs other than pension liabilities?
Yes, the annual conference may determine that there are additional financial considerations for a local church that leaves the UMC. Other financial considerations might include:
- Retiree medical liabilities
- Non-benefit financial obligations to the annual conference
- Repayment of grants or loans
- Apportionment costs
- Other expenses, as determined by the annual conference or general church
The legislation that passed at General Conference 2019 (Petition 90016—(Discipline ¶1504.23) requires payment only with respect to the local church's share of unfunded pension liabilities. However, the General Conference amended Petition 90016 to clarify that this does not prohibit annual conferences from collecting additional monies from departing local churches, including those listed above.
Did the 2019 General Conference approve a "gracious exit" for local churches?
Yes. The 2019 General Conference approved Petition 90066, adding Discipline ¶2553, which allows a local church to disaffiliate from the UMC under certain circumstances. Discipline ¶2553 requires a period of discernment by the local church, but then allows the local church to disaffiliate from the UMC by a 2/3 vote of the church conference, provided that the local church pays its fair share of the annual conference's pension obligations and certain other financial obligations, and the annual conference board of trustees approves.
Does any of the legislation passed at General Conference 2019 impact retirement benefits for lay employees?
No. Pension-related legislation that passed at General Conference 2019 does not impact retirement benefits of lay employees. Retirement benefits for lay employees are generally provided through defined contribution (DC) plans, which provide individual accounts funded with immediate contributions. These accounts are portable and fully funded once contributions are made, so they do not involve long-term funding obligations. In addition, the retirement plans for lay are generally not connectional in nature, so the local church, annual conference, general agency or other UM employer do not carry shared responsibility for funding the plan.
Lay employees are typically covered through DC plans such as the United Methodist Personal Investment Plan (UMPIP), the Retirement Plan for General Agencies (RPGA) or the Horizon 401(k) Plan. More details about retirement plans are available at Wespath.org.
A small number of former general agency employees who are now retired may be receiving pension or annuity payments from legacy defined benefit plans. Those legacy plans are well-funded.
Can Wespath serve churches or clergypersons who choose to leave the UMC?
Yes. Wespath is authorized by The Book of Discipline and U.S. law to manage funds and offer services to church and nonprofit organizations that are related to, or share "common religious bonds and convictions" with, The United Methodist Church. Thus, Wespath can continue to serve such organizations as long as they continue to share such common religious bonds and convictions with the UMC.
- Wespath can administer benefits for a group of churches—or even a single church—that may break away from the UMC.
Clergypersons can continue to participate in Wespath-administered plans if they serve such organizations, and if those organizations choose to become plan sponsors of Wespath-administered plans.
How is Wespath preparing for the future?
- Wespath remains focused on assuring that the plans we manage and funds we invest remain sustainable for future generations. We are evaluating plan design changes to present to General Conference 2020 that we believe will help make our plans more sustainable over the long term.
- Wespath is prepared to make necessary adjustments to continue serving the UMC far into the future
- Wespath is well-positioned to continue fulfilling our mission of caring for those who serve the Church.
- Wespath is authorized to administer benefit plans for groups of churches that break away from the UMC.
Are the amendments being considered for retirement plan designs for the 2020 General Conference a result of potential changes to UMC structure or other disruptions following General Conference 2019?
No. Wespath believes that a changing society (globally and in the U.S.), along with potential disruptive changes to the structure and governance of the Church—including shifting demographics and declining size of the U.S. Church—necessitate a substantial change to the U.S. clergy retirement plan in the foreseeable future in order to reflect a more sustainable design. We believe a transition from a traditional pension to an account-based plan would be more sustainable over the long term.
This belief is based not only on Wespath's analysis and scenario planning, but also in part on feedback received from many stakeholder groups within the Church, as part of a recent Wespath plan design study. Any disruptive changes to the Church that follow the 2019 General Conference will accelerate the need for transition to an account-based plan design in place of a connectional plan design.
Please note: Changes to the U.S. clergy retirement plan requires General Conference 2020 approval, and would impact future service as of the plan's effective date (potentially January 1, 2023—to be determined by the General Conference 2020). Benefits for service prior to the new plan's effective date would not be affected.
Does Wespath still intend to propose an account-based retirement plan to General Conference 2020?
Yes. Wespath believes that an account-based plan design will be more sustainable over the long term, due to future church departures, shifting demographics, the declining size of the U.S. Church and other factors.
An account-based plan would help:
- Protect conferences from decades-long pension obligations, permit plan sponsors to satisfy each year's obligations (for easier budgeting), and limit long-term liability costs;
- Allow portability for individuals who move between churches, conferences and other employers; and
- Support greater freedom and flexibility for the denomination.
Please note: Changes to the U.S. clergy retirement plan require General Conference 2020 approval, and would impact future service as of the plan's effective date (potentially January 1, 2023—to be determined by the General Conference 2020). Benefits for service prior to the new plan's effective date generally would not be affected.
Does General Conference 2019 affect Wespath's ability to serve institutional investors?
No. Wespath is authorized to manage funds and offer services to nonprofit organizations that are related to the UMC. That has not changed.
- Wespath can continue to serve organizations that share "common religious bonds and convictions" with the UMC.
- Wespath Institutional Investments remains committed to enabling clients to meet their investment objectives by offering access to world-class investment managers, a globally-recognized sustainable investment program and global market diversification.
- Wespath is well-positioned for the future. We are focused on assuring that the funds we manage on behalf of our institutional clients remain sustainable for the future.
Will General Conference 2019 outcomes impact investment decisions of Wespath Institutional Investments?
No. Wespath's investment process is not affected by the outcome of GC2019.
- Wespath has always, and will continue to, operate as a prudent fiduciary on behalf of our participants and institutional investors.
- Our 10 Investment Beliefs, which guide Wespath's investment approach, remain in place. Our most important belief—our Investor Focus—states that our activities must support the financial well-being of those we serve. They also speak to our aspiration to provide financial stability and security to those we serve, both now and in the future.
Would any retirement or other benefit related claims or the liabilities associated with the Church's pension and benefit plans cause risk to the accounts that institutional investors maintain with Wespath?
No. The assets Wespath manages for its institutional clients (directly or through its subsidiary Wespath Institutional Investments) are held in trust separate from the benefit plan assets that Wespath manages. The trust protects the institutional investor assets from claims by Wespath's creditors, as well as the claimants of the UMC benefit plans.
Similarly, the assets dedicated to the UMC benefit plans are held in separate state law trusts. The trusts protect the plans" assets from claims by Wespath's creditors, as well as the creditors of other benefits plans.
Is there any foreseeable scenario under which Wespath would freeze the assets of an institutional investor purely as a result of a schism and/or church departure?
Wespath is a service provider to its institutional investors under the legal terms of investment management contracts. Wespath would not freeze the assets of an institutional investor unless required by law, i.e., if ordered to do so by a court of competent jurisdiction. Although Wespath does not believe that such a ruling or order would be likely, it cannot rule out the possibility of such a ruling or order being issued.
Additional Resource
Submit a Question
Do you have an additional question for Wespath Benefits and Investments on how outcomes of General Conference 2019 impact clergy benefits, as well as related effects on local churches, annual conferences or institutional investors? Please submit your question to Wespath.


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Thank you to those who participated in this year's AllAboutAlpha/Terrapinn 130/30 poll. Despite being distracted by market events of the past month, response rates were largely the same as last year across most categories and geographies. We just finished re-counting the "pregnant" and "hanging" chads last week and can now provide you with the results.
Before we dive into the highlights below, the usual caveats should be issued. Like last year's survey, the respondents to this year's edition are 100% self-selected. As a result, they may likely be biased toward 130/30 investing already. On the other hand, this was also the case last year. So comparisons between the two polls may still be somewhat instructive.
To fully understand the results, it's helpful to quickly tell you about the broad demographics of the 100+ respondents. Asset managers comprised a larger proportion of this year's respondents due to a drop in the number of end investors filling out the survey.
This drop could be a result of the recent market calamities (filling out online surveys may not be at the top of most investors' priority lists right now), or it could mean that investors are just not into 130/30. However, analysis of the (smaller) sample of investors suggests that interest remains significant.
Response was also higher from North America and Europe than it was last year. This may have simply been a result of the particularly mailing list used to alert people about the survey.
The products offered by managers and purchased by investors (e.g. hedge vs. long-only) also remained pretty consistent over the two surveys – mitigating our concern that this year's sample was more or less biased towards hedge funds than last year's.
"New Paradigm" or "Marketing Fad"?
Despite the demographic changes in the sample for this year's survey, attitudes toward 130/30 funds remained pretty stable. The majority of respondents still felt 130/30 was "a new investment paradigm with long-term potential."
Frankly, we weren't surprised at this result given the weighting toward asset managers in the sample (many of whom offer 130/30 products themselves). So we excluded the managers from the results and re-created the chart using the results from investors, consultants, and service providers (who might be a little less biased). But the result was actually pretty consistent. This year, a slight majority of respondents thought 130/30 was a "new investment paradigm".
130/30 Adoption
So how did these attitudes translate into actual adoption of 130/30 funds? An astounding 59% of managers who responded to the question about implementation said they were "currently implementing" 130/30. We were surprised by this figure given that less than half said they planned to do so last year. This may be an example of a pro-130/30 bias in the sample (although such a bias did not seem to exist last year). Alternatively, this might also reflect the fact that implementing a 130/30 program can be done relatively quickly and with little incremental investment – making it a no-brainer for asset managers to start a small 130/30 fund or simply remove the "long-only constraint" from an existing fund.
Okay, so if the managers might have a pro-130/30 bias, what about the investors? While the sample was a little smaller, the investors' experience seems to corroborate the managers' story. Nearly half of investors have either adopted 130/30 or plan to do so in the next 12 months.
Again, we can't truly gauge the self-selection bias in our sample. But the year-over-year comparison may be instructive.
Issues and Challenges
As Prof. Andrew Lo has written, 130/30 may be the "new long-only". But investor concerns remain. Specifically, both investors and managers tell us that the manager's short-selling experience remains a key question. Oddly, the short track record of most 130/30 funds is a larger concern for respondents this year that it was last year. It could be that the lacklustre performance of these funds over the past year has raised flags – suggesting that more performance figures are needed before investors feel comfortable with these funds.
Implementation challenges also remain. Managers and investors told us that the biggest issue remains securing board approval for short selling (the VW-gate's short squeeze probably not helping the cause, that's for sure).
Quantitative vs. Fundamental
One of the hottest topics of debate over the past year has been whether a quant or fundamental approach is better suited to 130/30 investing.
Overall, there seems to have been a major shift from the "quantitative" and "haven't decided yet" camps to the "fundamental" camp. But once again, how much of this is a result of the significant proportion of asset managers in our sample? What if we simply had a lot of fundamental managers?
To find out, we excluded the managers and re-ran this chart. The results suggested that investors and consultants seemed to view fundamental 130/30 strategies more favorably – albeit by a significantly lower margin. For them, the jury remains out.
Issues with Short-Selling
Given recent bans on short-selling and rising borrow costs, the 800 pound gorilla in the room is obviously the ability of 130/30 funds to actually short stocks. So we asked respondents if they are considering alternatives to traditional single-stock shorting. Most managers, investors and consultants had recently considered, used or advised on alternatives to traditional short-selling.
The most popular alternatives are familiar tools to portable alpha investors: ETFs, followed by futures, "other derivatives" (e.g. CFDs) and options.
So what does this all mean? Well, it could simply mean that the 130/30 industry flocked to our survey to goose the numbers. Or, more likely, it could mean that the underlying rationale for 130/30 funds endures even though recent market events push it off the front pages and board agendas for the time being. If so, don't write off short extension strategies just yet.

subset: commoncrawl


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I just finished up "The Andromeda Strain" by Michael Crichton, in preparation for the upcoming A&E miniseries on Memorial Day. While the trailer looks glorious, I have a bad habit of rushing out to get a book that I know will be translated into film.
Michael Crichton is one of my favorite authors and has me intriqued by the genre of medical thrillers. His writing contains a depth of technical information, charts, graphs, and imaginary concepts. I have read several of his books, namely "Congo," "Jurassic Park," "Next" and "The Lost World," and regardless of what anyone says that his flaws may be, I finish his books with rabid interest. His books have me thinking, rarely about the characters, but about the scientific questions that he poses. In "Next" there were questions about the future and nature of genetic advancement. In "Congo" he delves into interspecies breeding and historical myth. And well in "Jurassic Park" he deals with the cloning of extinct species. "The Andromeda Strain" is concerned with aliens, but not of the E.T. kind. He gives a very good argument for the probability that our first encounter with alien life will be with alien bacteria.
I am not a professional reviewer. I am not even an amateur one, but outside of a flat ending and forgetable characters, this book is a damn good read... and a classic, I'm told.


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Box Size: Length: 9cm x Width: 5.8cm x Height: 6cm
"Owl Always Love You" consist of Mother Owl and Baby Owl. Looking so endearing your heart will melt. Your respective guests will surely utter a glimpse of happy smile upon receiving a cute door gift from your event.
This cute door gift can be very useful since each house has its salt & pepper in the kitchen for the need of cooking. Thus your guests will use this salt and pepper shaker in the kitchen and not simply put this wedding gift idle without using it.
Even if your guests do not use this salt and pepper shaker in the kitchen, at least they can place somewhere in their house as decoration.
Get yours now for your memorable events.


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6 Exercises To Lose Inner Thigh Fat Fast
Inner thigh fat is the biggest enemy of woman's body. You don't like the way your jeans look on you, you can't wear mini skirt or hot pants. And, that's all the inner thigh's fault. As much as you want inner thigh fat out of your body, you're also aware that it won't be gone just by sitting and waiting for it to disappear.
We want to help you in your fight against the inner thigh fat, so if you really want it gone, you should definitely try this workout.
1.Squat with ball
How to do this exercise:
- Put an exercise ball between you and the wall. Have it up to the curve of your back.
- With your feet shoulder-width apart, stand while pressing the ball against the wall.
- Slowly bend your knees and lower yourself about 5 to 10 inches. Make sure your shoulders are leveled and hips square.
- Maintain this sitting position for about 3-5 seconds then slowly stand back up. Maintain the ball's pressure on your back.
- Repeat until your form starts to break.
- Work your way up to at least 10 per set. Rest time is 30 seconds.
2.Jump Squat
How to do this exercise:
- With proper posture, stand while the feet is shoulder-width apart.
- Bend knees to about 90 degrees, squatting down.
- Now with all your leg and glutes, jump as high as you can,Land softly, absorbing the impact, with your knees bent back to squat position.
- Do this for 3-4 sets of 6-8 reps.
3.Leg Circles
How to do this exercise:
- Lie on your back. Have your arms at the sides while the palms are facing down.
- Start out with one foot thrust upward towards the ceiling. Lift the legs without lifting your butt on the floor.
- Rotate the leg slightly outward.
- Breathe and hold your breath while you trace a circle with the lifted leg. Move your whole leg while keeping the rest of your body still and flat on the floor.
- Rotate the legs around 5 times clockwise and another 5 times counter clockwise.
- Switch with the other leg and repeat this 3-5 times.
4.Dumbell Lunge
How to do this exercise:
- With proper posture, stand straight with the feet hip-width apart with an 8-pound dumbbell on each hand.
- Lunge forward with one leg, then level that leg. When you do lunges, the other knee should not touch the ground. Keep it to about an inch or two above the floor.
- Keep a perpendicular posture with your torso to the floor. Distribute your weight evenly between the two legs.
- Bring into line the front knee over the front ankle, with the heels carrying the weight instead of the toes.
- Lunge for about 30 seconds per leg before switching and repeat.
How to do this exercise:
- Stand straight, feet a bit wider than shoulder-width apart, toes must point out at around 45 degrees.
- With arms forward and straight, lower into squat position slowly. Keep your core and butt tight.
- Slowly rise up and repeat. Try to go as low as you can when you squat without breaking your straight form.
- Avoid your knees to go past your toes when you squat low.
- Do as many in 1 minute. Rest for 30 seconds. Repeat
6.Hip Bridge
- Lie your back on the ground. The knees must be bent and are facing up.
- Lift your toes towards the shins while your heels stay flat on the floor.
- Form a straight line from knees to the shoulders when you raise your butt off the ground.
- Keep your core tight and your butt engaged. Hold for 2 seconds then lower down.
- Repeat as many as you can without breaking form for 1 minute


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Even though it's Friday, we can't even celebrate properly by watching Rebecca Black's "Friday" video online.
Black's lawyers had the video pulled from YouTube, claiming Ark Music Records, the studio Black used to record her song, is trying to capitalize on the young internet star's 15 minutes of fame and had never released the master recordings of "Friday" to her, according to Reuters.
Katy Perry pays homage to Rebecca Black, includes her in video
Black, 13, became an overnight phenomenon after her YouTube video of "Friday" got 7 million hits in just a few days. Two weeks later, it had more than 67 million views, but a combination of harsh criticism (Billboard called the song "straight out of Auto-Tuned hell"), sheer curiosity and schadenfreude may have attributed to that number. Despite the naysayers, the infectious song has inspired a number of covers (notably by Glee and Stephen Colbert and Jimmy Fallon) and countless parodies.
Tosh.0 renewed for fourth season — bring on more Rebecca Black!
Until Black's lawyers and Ark Music can reach a resolution over the song, we'll be "Friday"-less for a while. Try to console yourself with this.


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Transformers Asia Protectobots Emergency Response 3-Pack Listed on Amazon.com
For those fans outside of the Asian market, it looks like you might just be able to get your hands on the Transformers Asia Protectobots sets after all! Amazon.com have listed the Protectobots Emergency Response 3-pack as a pre-order expected to ship on October 1st. It's priced at $32.99.
So far no listing for the Evac Squad 2-pack, but hopefully it will be up soon!
Check out the Amazon.com listing for the Emergency Response 3-pack, and discuss this news in our thread about the Protectobots. Thanks go to Hardbot for the heads up!


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Say Hello to Google G Suite
Google has introduced a new name for GAFE: G Suite for Education.
Google has introduced a number of new features, marking the start of a new chapter for its collaboration tools for schools. The new name and logo will now appear in the admin console, online help, and email notifications. All the services and tools currently available will remain the same.
Smart Calendar Scheduling in Google Calendar
Google Calendar uses machine intelligence to help you find the best time that your team are free to meet, suggesting rooms based on your previous bookings. When it's not possible to find a time that works, Calendar will suggest a time where the conflicts are easiest to move, such as recurring 1:1 meetings. Smart Calendar Scheduling is now available in the Android and iOS Google Calendar Apps.


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Supercontinuum generation in a multi-fiber ultra-long Raman fiber laser cavity is experimentally investigated for the first time. We demonstrate significantly enhanced spectral flatness and supercontinuum generation efficiency using only conventional single mode silica fiber. With a pump power of only 1.63W a ~15dB bandwidth >260 nm wide (from 1440 to >1700nm) supercontinuum source is reported with a flatness of <1dB over 180nm using an optimised hybrid TW/HNLF cavity. We address the dependence of the supercontinuum spectrum on the input pump power and ultra-long Raman cavity.
©2009 Optical Society of AmericaFull Article | PDF Article
OSA Recommended Articles
S. Arun, Vishal Choudhury, V. Balaswamy, Roopa Prakash, and V. R. Supradeepa
Opt. Express 26(7) 7979-7984 (2018)
Vishal Choudhury, S. Arun, Roopa Prakash, and V. R. Supradeepa
Appl. Opt. 57(21) 5978-5982 (2018)
Chunyu Guo, Shuangchen Ruan, Peiguang Yan, Erming Pan, and Huifeng Wei
Opt. Express 18(11) 11046-11051 (2010)


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Football Manager Story First Season Recap:
When we last left off in this Football Manager Story, Ian Martin had just guided his FC United of Manchester side to glory in the Vanarama National North league after a successful first season in charge. Despite a couple of disappointing results in the cup, the main goal of promotion from the league was achieved. You can access the first chapter here, the second here and the third here.
On With Season Two…
The media are predicting great things from Ian Martin's FC United side this season, suggesting that they will finish first place, gaining promotion up into English league football for the first time in the club's history. Ian Martin is quickly becoming a big name in Manchester and the media firmly believe in his ability to guide this semi-professional team to professional status.
After transfers, Ian has just £11,000 left of his transfer budget and a leftover £200,000 p/a in the wage budget. This leaves a little bit of space and leeway for a couple of loan signings or free transfers if it is required in January. Time will only tell how Ian's abilities in the transfer market progress over the course of this FM Story but we will find out.
The finances at FC United are relatively stable, they don't have a huge amount of money in the bank. However, Ian Martin wants to work on this and deliver financial stability, especially if the club is to consider gaining professional status within the next year.
The FC United squad is looking much improved when compared to last season, and the starting eleven is based around five strong loan players. The highlights of the squad look to be Alex Gilbey and George Moncur, yet the fans remember the work done by Halambiec and David Ferguson last season.
FC United made a number of key signings in the summer before their first season in the Vanarama National League. The most expensive signings were Dean Hopewell from Sheffield Wednesday for £100k and Joe Shaw from Macclesfield for £130k. Five loan signings were brought in to add temporary strength to the squad but there were a few cheaper signings made to add a little squad depth to the team.
Player to Watch: Mateusz Halambiec
This boy is back and ready for another killer season at FC United. He is set to feature heavily in Ian Martin's plans and was definitely one of the highlights of the last three chapters of this FM story. Will Halambiec continue to be a part of this team for years to come or might this just be the last season that Halambiec features heavily.
Key Signings:
Dean Hopewell was one of the most pricey transfers of FC United's transfer window, costing £100k (up to £120k with bonuses). At just 16 years old this was a huge gamble from Ian Martin, who must fear that poor facilities at his club will stop Hopewell from reaching his true potential, yet he is an important signing for the moment.
Stuart Marson was signed from Welsh club TNS for just over £2,000 but is set to drop straight into Ian Martin's first team plans. He is a strong ball-winning midfielder with good mental stats that should make him a perfect fit for Martin's team.
Kevin Head was signed for a nominal fee from TNS as well, but he is set to go out on loan for a season to Kidderminster Harriers. He has very promising physical attributes but looks to have a bright future ahead of him.
And for the pre-season, Ian Martin was disappointed with the lack of games he managed to arrange. However, there were a number of successful results, yet the man in charge simply thinks the squad is not fully fit or as ready as it could be.
The final change at FC United, before the start of the new season, was the dismissal of Brede Hangeland as assistant manager, and the succession of Nick Haycock as the new assistant. Ian Martin felt that this decision was totally justified and expects Haycock to prove himself in the backroom.
Where do you think Ian Martin's FC United side will finish in their first Vanarama National season?
Leave a Reply
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Premium Foot & Nail File
[INQ. NO. 1802C18] Founded in 2003, K-WON BEAUTY produces a variety of high-quality callous removers. The existing callous removers using sandpaper, stainless steel, light stone, etc. have disadvantages. For instance, they do not clean dead skin. And the sand powder can fall apart while pressed stainless and light stone are inconvenient for they are to be used only after soaking dead skin.
K-WON Nickel Callus Remover is designed to be used on round corners of the feet without having to soak the dead skin in water while overcoming the disadvantages of pre-existing products. Dead skin will be removed very effectively in all directions as nickel is processed at the micro-unit level. In addition, it is harmless to the human body as it uses 100 percent pure nickel.
The designs of the nickel scrapers allow the dead skin to be removed without swelling the skin. Dead skin will be removed very effectively in all directions as nickel is treated by the micro-unit. Nickel will not rust and it is safer and cleaner to use than any other materials.
Korean-Products.com | Blog Magazine of Korean products, brands and Goods


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LOS ANGELES, Aug. 28 /PRNewswire-FirstCall/ -- Latino 96.3 FM, a Spanish Broadcasting System station, was 'Invaded' yesterday by "Latin King of Comedy," Joey Medina. Medina joins "The Morning Invasion" with Nico Jones on Latino 96.3 FM. The show airs Monday through Friday, 5:00 a.m. to 10:00 a.m.
Joey Medina is one of the top Latino comedians in the country. He is also a veteran of many television shows and feature films, including "The Original Latin Kings of Comedy" and "Latin Palooza". He will now use his finely honed comedic talent to entertain the largest Hispanic listening audience in the country in Los Angeles. Causing a stir with his debut on Monday, he is truly in his element with the 'The Morning Invasion' and the English-Spanish delivery of this popular morning show.
Joey Medina will celebrate his radio debut with a LIVE Broadcast on Thursday, August 31st at the Laugh Factory at 8001 W. Sunset Blvd, Hollywood, CA. Joey and Nico will be joined by guests Cheech Marin, Paul Rodriguez and others to help kick off the new radio morning show.
WHO: Joey Medina and Nico Jones with guests Cheech Marin and
Paul Rodriguez
WHAT: Live broadcast of "The Morning Invasion" on Latino 96.3 FM
WHEN: Thursday, August 31, 2006 - 5:00 a.m. to 10:00 a.m.,
Press event at 10:15 a.m.
WHERE: Laugh Factory, 8001 W. Sunset Blvd., Hollywood, CA
About Spanish Broadcasting System, Inc.
Spanish Broadcasting System, Inc. ("SBS"; Nasdaq: SBSA) is the largest publicly traded Hispanic-controlled media and entertainment company in the United States. SBS owns and operates 20 radio stations located in the top Hispanic markets of New York, Los Angeles, Miami, Chicago, San Francisco and Puerto Rico. The Company also owns and operates Mega TV, a television operation serving the South Florida market, and produces live concerts and events throughout the U.S. and Puerto Rico. In addition, the Company operates LaMusica.com, a bilingual Spanish-English online site providing content related to Latin music, entertainment, news and culture. The Company's corporate Web site can be accessed at www.spanishbroadcasting.com.
Source: Spanish Broadcasting System, Inc.


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According to NSW Taxi Council as at Friday 31 March, 2019:
- 270 AAPS applications assessments have been completed
- 129 payment notifications issued
- A further 146 applications have been assessed and confirming information requested from the applicants so that a final assessment can be made. (Note requests for additional information are ongoing and as of 31 March, 146 have not been responded to)
Note: All assistance received is viewed as taxable income.
Adding salt to the wound
NSW Transport for NSW state "This will enable payments to be made to certain eligible taxi licence holders who did not receive a transitional assistance payment but who the Panel considers should be considered for an equivalent payment, as well as eligible taxi training schools that provided training courses to the taxi industry."
This link is a snapshot to Transitional Assistance Payment Phase 2 (TAP-P2) Scheme Transport for NSW


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Jobs For Teens
Hardly ever is there the person who doesn't encounter an moral or moral dilemma sooner or later in his or her business life. The general public, in addition to company stakeholders, have come to count on that firms will conduct enterprise ethically and with the best regard for social accountability. Some management guru pressured that moral firms have a bonus over their competitors.
For example, many businesses at the moment are feeling a social duty to cut back on their air pollution in the atmosphere. Enterprise ethics is primarily a negotiation with partners; ethics recordkeeping; use moral methods of competition. They assert that to imagine that the first perform of a business is to serve its shopper base in an moral method is idealistic and that the character of a free economic system dictates that ethics must take a again seat to increasing income.
Ethics may be considered as all the body of ethical values that society attaches to the actions of human beings. Working our businesses based mostly on Christian requirements doesn't mean letting people walk all over us. I believe we will take a look at Jesus for our example on this.
They should negotiate with their staff, unions, retirees, suppliers and customers to repair their issues. The various branches of ethics akin to human ethics, social ethics, medical ethics and financial ethics have all defined the premises of working of their respective fields.
It's important that every one the people within the company consider that is crucial that all its employees act always in an trustworthy and moral manner in connection with their service to the corporate. 2. Enterprise people ought to be ready to meet the obligations of their customers and business partners no matter the rest.


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Lady Gaga says that Madonna supports her new single "Born This Way."
The song, which was released last week, has been criticized by fans and critics for its similarity to Madonna's '80s hit "Express Yourself, but Gaga said on Monday's Tonight Show that the music icon has given her blessing.
"The good news is I got an email from her people and her sending their love and complete support on behalf of the single," she told Jay Leno. "If the queen says it shall be, then it shall be."
Lady Gaga's new single "Born This Way" premieres
Gaga, who calls herself the hugest Madonna fan, also announced on the late-night program that she's going to tape a special for HBO about her Monster Ball tour.
Watch the full interview below.


text: Filter the results Item type Select All/None Collection Page Event File Folder Image Link News Item New items since Yesterday Last week Last month Ever Search results Subscribe to an always-updated RSS feed. 2 items matching your search terms. Sort by relevance date (newest first) alphabetically Efficient Memory Allocation for Increased Performance Turbocharge your C++ code: Memory management is a foundational part of building parallel programs that perform nice and fast and seamless. Find out how ... Located in Events Python* Development at the Edge Develop at the IoT edge? Then you know the premium on right-now access to ever-changing data. Find out how Intel® System Studio 2019 support for Python* can ... Located in Events


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Attend a summer camp program for Bayview youth
Hunters Point Family Verified Information
Gilman Playground (Rec Connect) offers academic support, cultural and arts enrichment, recreational activities, community events, and a comprehensive full-day summer camp program.
|Monday - Friday
|10 am - 6 pm
Saturday: Community events as scheduled
For Communitieschildren (5-11 years old), transitional age youth (16-24 years old)
Counties ServedSan Francisco
What to do next:
Hunters Point Family: Gilman Playground (Rec Connect)
1 Bill Walsh Way
San Francisco, CA 94124
Get directions
4.4 miles away Mon - Fri 10 am - 6 pm Sat - Sun Closed
Saturday: Community events as scheduled
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Alan Diamond, Workshop Engineer, retired on Tuesday 31st July 2018 and we held a retirement party for him at our Altrincham depot.
Alan Diamond was presented with a personalised glass plaque and a limited edition JCB 3CX model to commemorate his retirement after working for Gunn JCB for 18 years as well as amazon vouchers to spend in his retirement.
We are sad to see him go but wish him a long and happy retirement!


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Buy your motors now!!
To all teams ordering motors through Animal Motor Works (AMW), you must submit your order before February 1st to have guaranteed delivery at the SA Cup Event. Please note that other motor distributors will have similar deadlines. So order your motors ASAP if you have not already.
Dustin Koehler
2019 Spaceport America Cup Teams
Congratulations to the 122 teams chosen to compete in the 2019 Spaceport America Cup. For the complete list of teams and team IDs, please see the excel file attached below.
2019 Team Announcement Delays
Prospective 2019 IREC Teams,
Thank you for your patience thus far as you wait to find out the teams accepted into this year's competition. While we'd hoped to have this list for you today, an overwhelming number of applications and some uncontrollable circumstances among our volunteer force have set us back a day or two. We assure you we are finalizing the list a we speak and will have it posted for you by this coming weekend. Thank you again for your patience and your support for this unique event.
– The ESRA Team
Following mishaps which occurred at the 2018 TRA BALLS launch. The Tripoli Rocket Association (TRA) have issued a temporary moratorium on hosting Class III projects by unlicensed university students at it's launches. Although ESRA is not a chapter of TRA, and the SA Cup is not a TRA launch event, ESRA leadership have chosen to respect TRA's decision by deferring consideration of hosting any non-competing Class III demonstration flights at the 2019 SA Cup until after TRA conclude their investigation and publish new recommendations on this subject. ESRA leadership will likely have an opportunity to review these materials as they are drafted, and anticipate their publication sometime around the new year. This situation only impacts non-competing demonstration flights whose total installed impulse exceeds the FAA Class II Amateur Rocket Limitation Defined in Section 2.3 of the IREC Rules & Requirements Document (greater than 40,960 N-s), or whose predicted apogee exceeds 100,000 ft AGL. We regret the inconveniences we know this will cause, but expect our community to benefit from the experience in the long run. The lessons learned and guidance generated in this exercise should pave a clearer path forward which, if followed, will lead to greater confidence in and support for current and future university teams which carry out these ambitions responsibly.
2019 Spaceport America Cup Updates
Hello Potential 2019 IREC Teams,
It is the time of year when it is starting to get cold outside, which means it is time to start thinking about launching rockets in the desert. The 2019 Spaceport America Cup will be held June 18th-22nd and there is lots to do to prepare. ESRA wants to let you know about the important dates for deliverables from students' teams to participate in this year's competition.
NMSA staff officially opened the Southern Road to Spaceport America today with a ribbon cutting ceremony. The Southern Road will dramatically reduce drive times from Las Cruces to the Spaceport for Spaceport America Cup Participants.
RIT SPEXcast Reports on Student Innovation at the 2018 Spaceport America Cup (Part 1/3)
The good folks at RIT SPEXcast have dropped part 1 of their 3 part podcast series on the 2018 Spaceport America Cup. We think they did a great job capturing the spirit of the event, and we look forward to hearing parts 2 and 3. Be sure to give it a listen with the player below, and check out the accompanying blog entry on the SPEXcast blog. Both can be found on the attached page. Thank you to all the media who helped cover this one of a kind event! You're helping us spread the word and grow support, without which, we couldn't have the impact we do. Thank you!
Produced by students and alumni of the Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT), SPEXcast is a weekly podcast diving into space and space exploration.
The Experimental Sounding Rocket Association and the Spaceport America Cup Team are pleased to announce the selection of Animal Motor Works as our Primary Rocketry Vendor. Animal Motor Works team members will be onsite throughout the 2018 Spaceport America Cup with their impressive lineup of motors, rocket parts, electronics, building supplies and expertise to ensure our teams have the best opportunity for having a successful launch.
The GoPro Footage is in and here is our new video for the 2017 Spaceport America Cup. This video was filmed entirely on the Hero 5 and Hero 6 Cameras.
If your team was videoed by the GoPro crew, feel free to contact ESRA and we can get you the video files.
On September, 28th GoPro released their Hero 6 and with it, an amazing launch video featuring the 2017 Spaceport America Cup. Below is the video and some spectacular screen shots!!
This is where ESRA will make all major announcements. Please check in often and give us your feedback!! Feel free to use the Category and Archive option below to sort through posts.
June 2020


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Hall of Famer Nolan Ryan is departing his role as executive advisor to Houston Astros owner Jim Crane, according to Mark Berman of Fox 26.
"I will not be back with the club and will leave it at that," Ryan said in a text message to Berman.
Reid Ryan - son of the former major-league pitcher - announced earlier Thursday he's been moved from his position as the team's president of business operations to executive advisor in business relations.
"Jim Crane has been a great owner for the city of Houston, and I thank him for the opportunity to lead the Houston Astros organization," Reid Ryan said in a statement.
The elder Ryan had held his position with the Astros since 2014. His son was hired in May 2013.
Additionally, Crane's son Jared has joined the Astros' leadership team to serve in a "broad variety of functions related to the operations of the Astros business" alongside his father, the team announced in a statement obtained by Brian McTaggart of MLB.com.


text: Fall Foliage October 31, 2019October 31, 2019 kdfahey Lots of gorgeous fall color this year at the Minute Man National Historical Park! This maple is located near the Paul Revere Capture Site on Rt. 2A in Lincoln, MA. This little tree is brightening things up on a rainy day at the North Bridge Visitor Center in Concord, MA. Students walking along the Battle Road Trail near the Hartwell Tavern in Lincoln, MA.


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It has been an exciting year for actress Sheridan Smith. Just a few months ago it was announced that she had secured a record deal and she has been busy in the touring production of Funny Girl.
And her latest role for ITV's drama Clean Break offers the opportunity for another compelling performance from the actress.
The news broke that ITV had cast Sheridan in Clean Break at the start of the year. With filming said to have started this autumn, we are itching to see it all unfold on our screens…
ITV Clean Break: Everything We Know So Far
Clean Break is a six part series which tracks the life of an ordinary working class woman caught between two worlds.
Sheridan's character Sam is a cleaner with an online gambling addiction. She gets access to illegal trading information and spots a way to escape her current lifestyle, but what will the consequences be?
Written by newcomer Mark Marlow, the tag line for the show is: "Why should they be the ones to cut corners and get rich, but we're the ones who get shafted?"
Sam finds herself balancing life as a loving and devoted mum with the dark and dangerous world of insider trading.
Working as an office cleaner, Sam decides to take advantage of working in Canary Wharf and the access she has to the lucrative Stock Market information.
The ITV drama explores how far Sam is prepared to go to get her life back on track. With her husband threatening to take custody of their two daughters, it seems there is no extreme Sam will not consider.
Latest Stories
Speaking about the show Polly Hill, head of drama at ITV, said: "It's such a wonderful script that finds real humour and joy in the human struggle to survive. Sheridan is perfect for the role of Sam and I'm thrilled she's returning to ITV to play her."
Filming starts in London this autumn but an air date has not yet been confirmed.


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If you are not yet ready to book your Fitness Inside Out mobile personal trainer call us on (02) 4384-4222 or email us for more information.
Fitness Australia Registered Company
Fitness Inside Out is a registered Personal Training Company with Fitness Australia. Learn more.
Wagstaffe, Killcare, Killcare Heights, Bensville, Ettalong, St Huberts Island, Macmasters Beach, Copacabana, Avoca, Kincumber, Umina Beach, Woy Woy, Terrigal, Erina, Gosford, Wamberal, Tumbi Umbi, Bateau Bay, Shelly Beach, Matcham, Forresters Beach, Saratoga, Davistown, Yattalunga Kincumber Green Point.
San Remo, Blue Haven, Charm Haven, Budgewoi, Buff Point, Toukley/ Noraville, Lake Haven, Wadalba , Hamlyn Terrace, Tuggerah, Wyong, Chain Valley Bay, Catherine Hill Bay, Mannering Park, Morisset, Berkeley Vale, Ourimbah


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Allen & Overy's Lucia Raimanova has been selected to form part of the first ever all-woman arbitral tribunal at the Vienna International Arbitration Centre.
The VIAC is an international arbitration institution with a particular stronghold in Central and Eastern Europe, but it also attracts parties from further afield, notably Africa and Oceania. The organization's recently-released annual report shows that it began 43 new international arbitration and mediation cases in 2017 — and reports the formation of its first all-female tribunal.
Raimanova, a Counsel in Allen & Overy's International Arbitration Group who relocated to Bratislava from London in June 2016 to lead the firm's international arbitration practice within CEE, was nominated by the VIAC Board to the three-member panel on behalf of the respondent. She and her co-arbitrator then agreed on the Chair of the Tribunal.
Raimanova commented: "Like many sectors, international arbitration struggles with retaining female talent in leading roles. Securing gender equality in arbitrator appointments is no easy task. There is still an insufficient pool of experienced female arbitrators and it does not help that arbitrators are often associated with an image of white-haired men. In this case, my co-arbitrator and I made sure we had an equally qualified male candidate for the role of the Chairman of the Tribunal but, as luck would have it, we ended up with a female candidate who is doing a wonderful job as Chairwoman."


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IAA New Mobility World 2019
- Aug 21, 2019
- [email protected]
True to its slogan "Driving tomorrow", this year's IAA in Frankfurt/Main is the leading international platform for the very latest developments in the world of mobility. From September 12 to 22, trade visitors and the general public convene to see for themselves the hottest brands, suppliers and newcomers in the industry, as well as innovative mobility service providers, high-tech companies and start-ups from all over the world.
This year's IAA program introduces four new formats: IAA Exhibition, IAA Conference, IAA Experience and IAA Career.
At the IAA Conference, from September 10 to 15, the New Mobility World (NMW) will be once again the international B2B forum for trade visitors, where players from the automotive industry – whether established companies or start-ups – can all experience the close interaction within the sector.
While the exhibition site with its themed and demonstration areas is used to present innovative future technologies. This makes the NMW the hub for pioneers in high-tech, telecommunications, IT and related companies, as well as energy and mobility providers, urban development, politics, consultants and financial services.
<IMPACT> Connected Car, along with its coordinador FundingBox, are "Community partners", helping in the creation of new connections and growing this international network.
Also a startup challenge will take place during the event, where David Seoane, from FundingBox, will be a Jury Member.
For more information:


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Floor model closeout Indulgence soaking tub White NEW Default Title
This soaking tub is brand new, never used but has been used on our showroom floor as a display. Comes with full warranty and free standard shipping to most contiguous US states.
Soaking tub only, brand new, ready to install
- Genuine Lucite Acrylic White
- Nice deep seating
- Made in the U.S.A.
Need more info on a feature not listed? Call us at 1-800-809-9111 or email us at firstname.lastname@example.com
This tub in in stock in our Madison WI showroom and will be carefully packaged for shipping. We should be able to get it out the door in about 2 business days.
Freight time ranges from 4-10 days If your delivery address is residential, your telephone number will be provided to the freight company and they will call you when your bathtub arrives at the local freight terminal and they will arrange a delivery date and time so you will have the opportunity to inspect the shipment before accepting.
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I have featured black songs, white songs, and one with black and white. When you mix black and white you get gray sometimes spelled grey. Below is a video I got from Youtube of a live performance of the Monkees in 1997 doing this minor hit. Facebook friends can see it at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RBSrutNa6ug
Monday, December 21, 2009
Shades of Grey - The Monkees
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Tea Towel "Bushel and a Peck"
A rustic black and white cotton dish towel lending a distressed "Love You A Bushel And A Peck And A Hug Around The Neck" sentiment. Complements well with coordinating designs for charming home and kitchen décor. Machine-washable.
- Fun Tea towel featuring clever family quotation
- Tea Towel reads "I love you a bushel and a peck and a hug around the neck"
- Measures 28" square
- Great Gift Item for your favorite friend or family member!
- 100% Cotton, Cold Wash, Line Dry, No Bleach.
- Free Shipping! Ships from Texas within one business day of purchase!


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One of the problems in recording an orchestra is that the main stereo pair of microphones must be placed closer than the natural listening distance because of their over-sensitivity to reverberation in the auditorium compared to the human ear/brain system. This favors the front rows of instruments at the expense of the rear, and the result is an unnatural overall sound. This is usually cured by introducing additional microphones, but this inevitably also introduces more 'fog' into the sound and less clarity.
So if a stereo technique could be developed that would allow the main stereo pair of microphones to have a narrower angle of coverage, then they could be placed further away, closer to the natural listening position, for a natural perspective.
One solution to this has been employed by the respected British recording engineer Tony Faulkner, in the form of the 'Faulkner phased array', as it is commonly known.
In this, two figure-of-eight microphones are placed parallel to each other spaced apart by 200 mm.
The figure-of-eight microphone indeed has the tightest directional pattern of any of microphone type (other than interference tube or parabolic reflector mics, where sound quality suffers significantly). The drawback is that there is an equal pickup to the rear, but if the acoustics of the auditorium are good then this should not be a problem.
I have tried the Faulkner phased array myself, and although I don't seem to get results quite as good as the originator, they are certainly interesting and the technique is worth having in one's repertoire of mic techniques.
However, I would ideally like to place the mics even further back, which would require a yet tighter directivity pattern.
To do this I have borrowed a technique from radio astronomy. A radio telescope is simply a large satellite dish, picking up radio signals from the universe rather than satellite TV. Bigger is better as the telescope can be more tightly focused and resolve finer detail in the sky.
However, for the ultimate precision in radio astronomy, data from two telescopes can be synchronized, effectively making a telescope of size equal to the distance between the two individual telescopes.
You can do this with microphones too…
Here, I recommend two figure-of-eight microphones perchannel all facing in parallel towards the orchestra. The inner microphonesshould be spaced apart by 200 mm as in the Faulkner phased array. The pairs ofmicrophones for each channel can be spaced as widely as you need to attain greaterdirectivity. Up to around 300 mm seems practical. Both microphones for the leftchannel are mixed together at equal levels. Same for the right channel.
At this point more data is needed to prove the value of this system. If you have the opportunity to try it out, please let me know how you get on.
Perhaps this system will come to be known as the 'Mellor Quad'?


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In this article:
Adding an image block
Use images to help set a tone to your site, show your personality, and display what your business has to offer:
- Open the Website tab from the Dashboard.
- Click Pages and select the Page you wish to edit or create a new page.
- Click Customize to open the Theme Editor.
- Click the Section you want to edit or create a new Section.
- In the sidebar, click Add Content.
- From the list, select Image.
- Your newly created Image Block will generate at the bottom of the Section.
- Upload a New File or a Recent File to display your image in the Block.
- Click Save to keep your changes:
Customizing your image block
With Kajabi Pages, customize the look and feel of the image uploaded as it displays on your page with the various customization features.
To edit the image itself, we recommend utilizing photo editing tools like Canva to add special effects to your image.
In an Image block, customize the:
- Width of the Block,
- Select the image displayed,
- Configure an Image Action,
- Adjust the Image Width,
- Add an Image Caption,
- Include an Image Alt Attribute,
- Create a Gallery for your Images in the Section,
- And customize the look and feel of the Block with your Image Block Settings.
Select Image
- Uploading a New File
- Selecting a Recent File
Compatible File Types: GIF, JPG, PNG
Image Action
Select an Image Action to trigger an action after the image is clicked (Leave blank if you wish to disable Image Action).
The Image Action can be used to:
- Lead a visitor to a custom Landing Page
- Lead to a sale by going to a Checkout Page
- Encourage your audience to download a file
- Lead to any website page with a URL link
- Open a Two-Step Optin Popup
- And act as an anchor link to lead to a section of the page
Image Width
The Image Block can be customized to:
- change the width of the Block
- and change the width of the Image within the Block.
Customize the width of the Image within the Block by entering a value (e.g., 10px or 10) into the Image Width field:
Image Caption
The Image Caption displays below your Image when the Image is clicked and expands to full size for your visitors to view the Image in your Section Gallery.
Your Section Gallery can be toggled on by checking Add to Section Gallery toward the bottom of the editor.
Image Alt Attribute
Add an image alt attribute for SEO and if the image cannot be displayed.
Open In New Tab
Toggle on Open in New Tab to open a separate tab when your image is clicked that leads to your specified destination as configured in the Image Action setting.
Add to Section Gallery
Add the Image to the Section Gallery for enhanced "Gallery" viewing for your site visitors.
This means your Image will expand to full size when clicked and your visitors can easily click through the Images in the Section:
Learn the difference between setting up an Image Gallery Section and adding Images to your Section Gallery to enhance the visually interactive experience for your visitors in this Guide.
Block Settings
To adjust the look and feel of the Block, configure your Block Settings by customizing the:


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Paramita, Rahajeng (2009) PEMETAAN GEOLOGI BAWAH PERMUKAAN BERDASARKAN DATA SEISMIK DAN WELL LOG UNTUK MENENTUKAN PROSPEKTIF AREA HIDROKARBON PADA LAPANGAN TANJUNG RAYA KALIMANTAN SELATAN. Undergraduate thesis, geological Engineering Department Diponegoro University.
|PDF - Submitted Version
The requirements increase for hydrocarbons encourage oil industry to increasing production. Determination of the point of drilling a productive hydrocarbon begins with determining prospects area of hydrocarbons. Various efforts and approaches of geology and geophysics conducted to determine the zone of hydrocarbon prospects. The purpose of this research is to determine the subsurface conditions of sedimentation and environmental subsurface geological structures that affect the petroleum system Tanjung Raya is located in Northeastern part of Barito Basin, South Kalimantan, which can be determined prospective hydrocarbon zone. Research method used is descriptive method and the analysis method. Descriptive method is carried out through literature study of some wells drilling data and case studies in research areas. Analysis method done by analyzing the primary data and interpret the log data in the form of drilling and seismic cross-section using the software Geoframe. The use of primary data with secondary data in the form of Biostratigraphy and cutting data. The use of secondary data aimed to strengthen the results of the analysis based on primary data. The results of subsurface studies in Tanjung Raya Barito Basin, showing the precipitation in lacustrine environments that have become progradation deposition environment to shallow marine litoral then had been uplift and deposition environment has become retrogration delta sedimentation environment. Geological structures that affect the petroleum system in research area is wrench faults that happen in basement, this structures resulting normal fault and reverse fault that form flower structure pattern appearance in seismic cross-section. Based on subsurface data and the petroleum system can be determined three prospective hydrocarbon zone.
|Item Type:
|Thesis (Undergraduate)
|Uncontrolled Keywords:
|prospective hydrocarbon zone, wrench fault, flower structure, petroleum system
|Q Science > QE Geology
|Faculty of Engineering > Department of Geological Engineering
Faculty of Engineering > Department of Geological Engineering
|ID Code:
|Deposited By:
|Mr Najib .
|Deposited On:
|12 Oct 2010 09:51
|Last Modified:
|12 Oct 2010 09:51
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