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of a foundation: instead of the angels and archangels mentioned by the informer, nothing was discovered but a wooden image of Lord Mulgrave going down to Chatham as a head-piece for the Spanker gun-vessel: it was an exact resemblance of his lordship in his military uniform; and therefore as little like a god as can well be imagined.' The effects of the threatened French invasion are painted in similar colours. Mr Smith is arguing that, notwithstanding the fears entertained in England on this subject, the British rulers neglected the obvious means of self-defence:— "As for the spirit of the peasantry in making a gallant defence behind hedgerows, and through plate-racks and hencoops, highly as I think of their bravery, I do not know any nation in Europe so likely to be struck with panic as the English; and this from their total unacquaintance with sciences of war. Old wheat and beans blazing for twenty miles round; cart mares shot; sows of Lord Somerville's breed running wild over the country; the minister of the parish wounded sorely in his hinder parts; Mrs Plymley in fits; all these scenes of war an Austrian or a Russian has seen three or four times over; but it is now three centuries since an English pig has fallen in a fair battle upon English ground, or a farm-house been rifled, or a clergyman's wife been subjected to any other proposals of love than the connubial endearments of her sleek and orthodox mate. The old edition of Plutarch's Lives, which lies in the corner of your parlour window, has contributed to work you up to the most romantic expectations of our Roman behaviour. You are persuaded that Lord Amherst will defend Kew Bridge like Cocles; that some maid of honour will break away from her captivity and swim over the Thames; that the Duke of York will burn his capitulating hand; and little Mr Sturges Bourne giveforty years' purchase for Moulsham Hall while the French are encamped upon it. I hope we shall witness all this, if the French do come; but in the meantime I am so enchanted with the ordinary English behaviour of these invaluable persons, that I earnestly pray no opportunity may be given them for Roman valour, and for those very un-Roman pensions which they would all, of course, take especial care to claim in consequence.' One of the happiest and most forcible of Mr Smith's humorous comparisons is that in which he says, of a late English minister, on whom he had bestowed frequent and elaborate censure—"I do not attack him from the love of glory, but from the love of utility, as a burgomaster hunts a rat in a Dutch dyke, for fear it should flood a province.' Another occurs in a speech delivered at Taunton in 1831 — I do not mean,' he says, "to be disrespectful, but the attempt of the lords to stop the progress of reform reminds me very forcibly of the great storm of Sidmouth, and of the conduct of the excellent Mrs Partington on that occasion. In the winter of 1824 there set in a great flood upon that town—the tide rose to an incredible height—the waves rushed in upon the houses —and everything was threatened with destruction. In the midst of this sublime storm, Dame Partington, who lived upon the beach, was seen at the door of her house with mop and pattens, trundling her mop, and squeezing out the sea-water, and vigorously pushing away the Atlantic Ocean. The Atlantic was roused. Mrs Partington's spirit was up; but I need not tell you that the contest was unequal. The Atlantic Ocean beat Mrs Partington. She was excellent at a slop or a puddle, but she should not have meddled with a tempest.' Illustrations of this kind are highly characteristic of their author. They display the fertility of his fancy and the richness of
his humour, at the same time that they drive home his argument with irresistible effect. Sidney Smith, like Swift, seems never to have taken up his pen from the mere love of composition, but to enforce practical views and opinions on which he felt strongly. His wit and banter are equally direct and cogent. Though a professed joker and convivial wit—"a diner out of the first lustre,' as he has himself characterised Mr Canning—there is "not one of his humorous or witty sallies that does not seem to flow naturally, and without effort, as if struck out or remembered at the moment it is used. Mr Smith gives the following account of his connexion with the Edinburgh Review:— "When first I went into the church I had a curacy in the middle of Salisbury Plain. The squire of the parish took a fancy to me, and requested me to go with his son to reside at the university of Weimar; before we could get there, Germany became the seat of war, and in stress of politics we put in to Edinburgh, where I remained five years.
The principles of the French Revolution were then
fully afloat, and it is impossible to conceive a more violent and agitated state of society. Among the first persons with whom I became acquainted were Lord Jeffrey, Lord Murray (late Lord Advocate for Scotland), and Lord Brougham; all of them maintaining opinions upon political subjects a little too liberal for the dynasty of Dundas, then exercising supreme power over the northern division of the island. One day we happened to meet in the eighth or ninth storey or flat in Buccleuch Place, the elevated residence of the then Mr Jeffrey. I proposed that we should set up a Review; this was acceded to with acclamation. I was appointed editor, and remained long enough in Edinburgh to edit the first number of the Edinburgh Review. The motto I proposed for the Review was—
"Tenui musam meditamur avena"— We cultivate literature upon a little oatmeal.
But this was too near the truth to be admitted, and so we took our present grave motto from Publius Syrus, of whom none of us had, I am sure, ever read a single line; and so began what has since turned out to be a very important and able journal. When I left Edinburgh it fell into the stronger hands of Lord Jeffrey and Lord Brougham, and reached the highest point of popularity and success." Mr Smith is now, we believe, above seventy years of age, but his vigorous understanding, his wit and humour, are still undiminished. The chief merit and labour attaching to the continuance and the success of the Edinburgh Review fell on its accomplished editor, FRANCIs JEFFREy, now one of the judges of the Court of Session in Scotland. From 1803 to 1829 Mr Jeffrey had the sole management of the Review; and when we consider the distinguished ability which it has uniformly displayed, and the high moral character it
has upheld, together with the independence and
fearlessness with which from the first it has promulgated its canons of criticism on literature, science, and government, we must admit that few men have exercised such influence as Francis Jeffrey on the whole current of contemporary literature and public opinion. tendence, Mr Jeffrey was a large contributor to the Review. The departments of poetry and elegant literature seem to have been his chosen field; and he constantly endeavoured, as he says, "to combine ethical precepts with literary criticism, and
earnestly sought to impress his readers with a sense both of the close connexion between sound in
tellectual attainments and the higher elements of 696
Besides his general superinduty and enjoyment, and of the just and ultimate subordination of the former to the latter." This was a vocation of high mark and responsibility, and on the whole the critic discharged his duty with honour and success. As a moral writer he was unimpeachable. The principles of his criticism are generally sound and elevated. In some instances he was harsh and unjust. His reviews of Southey, Wordsworth, Lamb, and Montgomery, are indefensible, inasmuch as the writer seems intent on finding fault rather than in discovering beauties, and to be more piqued with occasional deviation from established and conventional rules, than gratified with originality of thought and indications of true genius. No excuse can be offered for the pertness and flippancy of expression in which many of these critiques abound, and their author has himself expressed his regret for the undue severity into which he was betrayed. There is some ground, therefore, for charging upon the Edinburgh Review, in its earlier career, an absence of proper respect and enthusiasm for the works of living genius. Where no prejudice or prepossession of the kind intervened, Jeffrey was an admirable critic. His dissertations on the works of Cowper, Crabbe, Byron, Scott, and Campbell, and on the earlier and greater lights of our poetry, as well as those on moral science, national manners, and views of actual life, are expressed with great eloquence and originality, and in a fine spirit of humanity. His powers of perception and analysis are quick, subtle, and penetrating, and withal comprehensive; while his brilliant imagination invested subjects that in ordinary hands would have been dry and uninviting, with strong interest and attraction. He seldom gave full scope to his feelings and
sympathies, but they occasionally broke forth with inimitable effect, and kindled up the pages of his criticism. At times, indeed, his language is poeti
cal in a high degree. The following glowing tribute to the universal genius of Shakspeare is worthy of the subject:
Many persons are very sensible of the effect of fine poetry upon their feelings, who do not well know how to refer these feelings to their causes; and it is always a delightful thing to be made to see clearly the sources from which our delight has proceeded, and to trace the mingled stream that has flowed upon our hearts to the remoter fountains from which it has been gathered; and when this is done with warmth as well as precision, and embodied in an eloquent description of the beauty which is explained, it forms one of the most attractive, and not the least instructive, of literary exercises. In all works of merit, however, and especially in all works of original genius, there are a thousand retiring and less obtrusive graces, which escape hasty and superficial observers, and only give out their beauties to fond and patient contemplation; a thousand slight and harmonising touches, the merit and the effect of which are equally imperceptible to vulgar eyes; and a thousand indications of the continual presence of that poetical spirit which can only be recognised by those who are in some measure under its influence, and have prepared themselves to receive * by worshipping meekly at the shrines which it in
In the exposition of these there is room enough for originality, and more room than Mr Hazlitt has yet In many points, however, he has acquitted himself excellently; particularly in the development of the principal characters with which Shakspeare has peopled the fancies of all English readers—but principally, we think, in the delicate sensibility with which he has traced, and the natural eloquence with which he has pointed out, that familiarity with beautiful forms and images—that eternal recurrence to what is
sweet or majestic in the simple aspect of nature—that indestructible love of flowers and odours, and dews and clear waters—and soft airs and sounds, and bright skies, and woodland solitudes, and moonlight bowers, which are the material elements of poetry—and that fine sense of their undefinable relation to mental emotion, which is its essence and vivifying soul—and which, in the midst of Shakspeare's most busy and atrocious scenes, falls like gleams of sunshine on rocks and ruins—contrasting with all that is rugged and repulsive, and reminding us of the existence of purer and brighter elements—which he alone has poured out from the richness of his own mind without effort or restraint, and contrived to intermingle with the play of all the passions, and the vulgar course of this world's affairs, without deserting for an instant the proper business of the scene, or appearing to pause or digress from love of ornament or need of repose; he alone, who, when the subject requires it, is always keen, and worldly, and practical, and who yet, without changing his hand, or stopping his course, scatters around him as he goes all sounds and shapes of sweetness, and conjures up landscapes of immortal fragrance and freshness, and peoples them with spirits of glorious aspect and attractive grace, and is a thousand times more full of imagery and splendour than those who, for the sake of such qualities, have shrunk back from the delineation of character or passion, and declined the discussion of human duties and cares. More full of wisdom, and ridicule, and sagacity, than all the moralists and satirists in existence, he is more wild, airy, and inventive, and more pathetic and fantastic, than all the poets of all regions and ages of the world; and has all those elements so happily mixed up in him, and bears his high faculties so temperately, that the most severe reader cannot complain of him for want of strength or of reason, nor the most sensitive for defect of ornament or ingenuity. Everything in him is in unmeasured abundance and unequalled perfection; but everything so balanced and kept in subordination as not to jostle or disturb or take the place of another. The most exquisite poetical conceptions, images, and descriptions, are given with such
brevity, and introduced with such skill, as merely to
adorn without loading the sense they accompany. Although his sails are purple, and perfumed, and his prow of beaten gold, they waft him on his voyage, not less, but more rapidly and directly, than if they had been composed of baser materials. ces, like those of Nature herself, are thrown out together; and instead of interfering with, support and recommend each other. His flowers are not tied up
All his excellen
in garlands, nor his fruits crushed into baskets, but
spring living from the soil, in all the dew and freshness of youth; while the graceful foliage in which they lurk, and the ample branches, the rough and vigorous stem, and the wide-spreading roots on which they depend, are present along with them, and share, in their places, the equal care of their Creator.
Of the invention of the steam-engine he remarks with a rich felicity of illustration—'It has become a thing stupendous alike for its force and its flexibility—for the prodigious power which it can exert, and the ease, and precision, and ductility with which it can be varied, distributed, and applied. The trunk of an elephant, that can pick up a pin or rend an oak, is as nothing to it. It can engrave a seal, and crush masses of obdurate metal before it— draw out, without breaking, a thread as fine as gossamer, and lift up a ship of war like a bauble in the air. It can embroider muslin and forge anchors, cut steel into ribbons, and impel loaded vessels against the fury of the winds and waves."
How just, also, and how finely expressed, is the following refutation of a vulgar error that even Miscellaneous WRiters.
Byron condescended to sanction, namely, that genius is a source of peculiar unhappiness to its possessors: —"Men of truly great powers of mind have generally been cheerful, social, and indulgent; while a tendency to sentimental whining or fierce intolerance may be ranked among the surest symptoms of little souls and inferior intellects. In the whole list of our English poets we can only remember Shenstone and Savage—two certainly of the lowest—who were querulous and discontented. Cowley, indeed, used to call himself melancholy; but he was not in earnest, and at any rate was full of conceits and affectations, and has nothing to make us proud of him. Shakspeare, the greatest of them all, was evidently of a free and joyous temperament; and so was Chaucer, their common master. The same disposition appears to have predominated in Fletcher, Jonson, and their great contemporaries. The genius of Milton partook something of the austerity of the party to which he belonged, and of the controversies in which he was involved; but even when fallen on evil days and evil tongues, his spirit seems to have retained its serenity as well as its dignity; and in his private life, as well as in his poetry, the majesty of a high character is tempered with great sweetness, genial indulgences, and practical wisdom. In the succeeding age our poets were but too gay; and though we forbear to speak of living authors, we know enough of them to say with confidence, that to be miserable or to be hated is not now, any more than heretofore, the common lot of those who excel." Innumerable observations of this kind, remarkable for ease and grace, and for original reflection, may be found scattered through Lord Jeffrey's criHis political remarks and views of public events are equally discriminating, but of course will be judged of according to the opinions of the reader. None will be found at variance with national honour or morality, which are paramount to all mere party questions. As a literary critic, we may advert to the singular taste and judgment which Lord Jeffrey exercised in making selections from the works he reviewed, and interweaving them, as it were, with the text of his criticism. Whatever was picturesque, solemn, pathetic, or sublime, caught his eye, and was thus introduced to a new and vastly-extended circle of readers, besides furnishing matter for various collections of extracts and innumerable school exerC1SeS. Francis Jeffrey is a native of Edinburgh, the son of a respectable writer or attorney. After completing his education at Oxford, and passing through the necessary legal studies, he was admitted a member of the Scottish bar in the year 1794. His eloquence and intrepidity as an advocate were not less conspicuous than his literary talents, and in 1829 he was, by the unanimous suffrages of his legal brethren, elected Dean of the Faculty of Advocates. On the formation of Earl Grey's ministry in 1830, Mr Jeffrey was nominated to the first office under the crown in Scotland (Lord Advocate), and sat for some time in parliament. In 1834 he was elevated to the dignity of the bench, the duties of which he has discharged with such undeviating attention, uprightness, and ability, that no Scottish judge was ever perhaps more popular, more trusted, or more beloved. 'It has been his enviable lot, if not to attain all the prizes of ambition for which men strive, at least to unite in himself those qualities which, in many, would have secured them all. A place in the front rank of literature in the most literary age—the highest honour of his profession spontaneously conferred by the members of a bar strong in talent and learning—eloquence among the first of our orators, and wisdom among the wisest, and universal reve
have thrown fascination over his society, and made his friendship a privilege." The Critical and Historical Essays contributed to the Edinburgh Review, by T. B. MACAULAY, three volumes, 1843, have enjoyed great popularity, and materially aided the Review, both as to immedi success and permanent value. The reading and erudition of the author are immense. In questions of classical learning and criticism—in English poetry, philosophy, and history—in all the minutiae of biography and literary anecdote—in the principles and details of government—in the revolutions of parties and opinions—in the progress of science and philosophy—in all these he seems equally versant and
unequalled in our literature. His eloquent papers
on Lord Bacon, Sir Thomas Browne, Horace Walpole's Letters, Boswell's Johnson, Addison's Memoirs, and other philosophical and literary subjects, are also of first-rate excellence. Whatever topic he takes up he fairly exhausts—nothing is left to the imagination, and the most ample curiosity is gratified. . Mr Macaulay is a party politician—a strong admirer of the old Whigs, and well-disposed towards the Roundheads and Covenanters. At times he appears to identify himself too closely with those politicians of a former age, and to write as with a strong personal antipathy against their opponents. His judgments are occasionally harsh even when founded on undoubted facts. In arranging his materials for effect, he is a consummate master. Some of his scenes and parallels are managed with the highest artistical art, and his language, like his conceptions, is picturesque. In style Mr Macaulay is stately and rhetorical—perhaps too florid and gorgeous, at least in his earlier
essays—but it is sustained with wonderful power and energy. In this particular, as well as in other
mental characteristics, the reviewer bears some resemblance to Gibbon. His knowledge is as universal, his imagination as rich and creative, and his power of condensation as remarkable. Both have made sacrifices in taste, candour, and generosity, for pur
poses of immediate effect; but the living author is
unquestionably far superior to his great prototype in the soundness of his philosophy and the purity of his aspirations and principles.
# North British Review for 1844.
and uncharitable,
JOHN CLAUDIUS Lou Don.
waters. An enthusiastic lover of his subject, Mr Howitt is remarkable for the fulness and variety of his pictorial sketches, the richness and purity of his fancy, and the occasional force and eloquence of his style. "If I could but arouse in other minds,' he says, "that ardent and ever-growing love of the beautiful works of God in the creation, which I feel in myself—if I could but make it in others what it has been to me—
The nurse, The guide, the guardian of my heart, and soul Of all my moral being—
if I could open to any the mental eye which can never be again closed, but which finds more and more clearly revealed before it beauty, wisdom, and peace in the splendours of the heavens, in the majesty of seas and mountains, in the freshness of winds, the ever-changing lights and shadows of fair landscapes, the solitude of heaths, the radiant face of bright lakes, and the solemn depths of woods, then indeed should I rejoice. Oh that I could but touch a thousand bosoms with that melancholy which often visits mine, when I behold little children endeavouring to extract amusement from the very dust, and straws, and pebbles of squalid alleys, shut out from the free and glorious countenance of nature, and think how differently the children of the asantry are passing the golden hours of childood; wandering with bare heads and unshod feet, perhaps, but singing a "childish wordless melody" through vernal lanes, or prying into a thousand sylvan leafy nooks, by the liquid music of running waters, amidst the fragrant heath, or on the flowery lap of the meadow, occupied with winged wonders without end. Oh that I could but baptize every heart with the sympathetic feeling of what the citypent child is condemned to lose; how blank, and poor, and joyless must be the images which fill its infant bosom to that of the country one, whose mind Will be a mansion for all lovely forms, His memory be a dwelling-place For all sweet sounds and harmonies!
I feel, however, an animating assurance that nature will exert a perpetually-increasing influence, not only as a most fertile source of pure and substantial pleasures—pleasures which, unlike many others, produce, instead of satiety, desire—but also as a great moral agent: and what effects I anticipate from this growing taste may be readily inferred, when I avow it as one of the most fearless articles of my creed, that it is scarcely possible for a man in whom its power is once firmly established to become utterly debased in sentiment or abandoned in principle. His soul may be said to be brought into habitual union with the Author of Nature—
Haunted for ever by the Eternal Mind.
Mr Howitt belongs to the Society of Friends, though he has ceased to wear their peculiar costume. He is a native of Derbyshire, and was for several years in business at Nottingham. A work, the nature of which is indicated by its name, the History of Priestcraft (1834), so recommended him to the
issenters and reformers of that town, that he was made one of their aldermen. Disliking the bustle of public life, Mr Howitt retired from Nottingham, and resided for three years at Esher, in Surrey. There he composed his Rural Life in England, a popular and delightful work. In 1838 appeared his Colonisation and Christianity, which led to the formation of the British India Society, and to improve
ment in the management of our colonies. Mr Howitt afterwards published The Boys' Country Book, and Visits to Remarkable Places, the latter (to which a second series has been added) descriptive of old halls, battle-fields, and the scenes of striking passages in English history and poetry. Mr and Mrs Howitt now removed to Germany, and after three years' residence in that country, the former published a work on the Social and Rural Life of Germany, which the natives admitted to be the best account of that country ever written by a foreigner. Our industrious author has also translated a work written expressly for him, The StudentLife of Germany. The attention of Mr and Mrs Howitt having been drawn to the Swedish language and literature, they studied it with avidity; and Mrs Howitt has translated a series of tales by Frederika Bremer, which are characterised by great truth of feeling and description, and by a complete knowledge of human nature. These Swedish tales have been exceedingly popular, and now circulate extensively both in England and America.
John CLAUDIUS Loudon, &c.
John CIAUDIUs Loudon (1783–1843) stands at the head of all the writers of his day upon subjects connected with horticulture, and of the whole class of industrious compilers. He was a native of Cambuslang, in Lanarkshire, and pursuing in youth the bent of his natural faculties, entered life as a landscape-gardener, to which profession he subsequently added the duties of a farmer. Finally, he settled in London as a writer on his favourite subjects. His works were numerous and useful, and they form in their entire mass a wonderful monument of human
industry. His chief productions are an Encyclopædia
of Gardening, 1822; The Greenhouse Companion; an Encyclopædia of Agriculture, 1825; an Encyclopædia of Plants, 1829; an Encyclopædia of Cottage, Villa, and Farm Architecture, 1832; and Arboretum Britannicum, 8 volumes, 1838. The four encyclopædias are large volumes, each exhausting its particular subject, and containing numerous pictorial illustrations in wood. The 'Arboretum' is even a more remarkable production than any of these, consisting of four volumes of close letter-press, and four of pictorial illustrations, and presenting such a mass of information, as might apparently have been the work of half a lifetime to any ordinary man. These vast tasks Mr Loudon was enabled to undertake and carry to completion by virtue of the unusual energy of his nature, notwithstanding considerable drawbacks from disease, and the failure, latterly, of some of his physical powers. In 1830 he married a lady of amiable character and literary talent, who entered with great spirit into his favourite pursuits. The separate publications of Mrs Loudon on subjects connected with botany, and for the general instruction of the young, are deservedly high in public estimation. It is painful to consider that the just reward of a life of extraordinary application and public usefulness, was reft from Mr Loudon by the consequences of the comparative non-success of the 'Arboretum,' which placed him considerably in debt. This misfortune preyed upon his mind, and induced the fatal pulmonary disease of which he died. Essays on Natural History, by CHARLEs WATERtoN, Esq. of Walton Hall, is an excellent contribution made to natural history by a disinterested lover of the country; and Gleanings in Natural History, by Edward JEsse, Esq. surveyor of her majesty's parks and palaces, two volumes, 1838, is a collection of well-authenticated facts, related with the view of
portraying the character of animals, and endeavouring to excite more kindly feelings towards them. Some Scottish works of this kind are also deserving of commendation—as RHIND's Studies in Natural History; M'DIARMID's Sketches from Nature; MILLER's Scenes and Legends, or Traditions of Cromarty; DUNCAN's Sacred Philosophy of the Seasons, &c. A love of nature and observation of her various works are displayed in these local sketches, which all help to augment the general stock of our knowledge as well as our enjoyment.
The Thames and its Tributaries, two volumes, 1840, by CHARLEs MACKAY, is a pleasing description of the scenes on the banks of the Thames, which are hallowed by the recollections of history, romance, and poetry. The same author has published (1841) Memoirs of Ertraordinary Popular Delusions.
Robert MUDIE (1777–1842), an indefatigable writer, self-educated, was a native of Forfarshire, and for some time connected with the London press. He wrote and compiled altogether about ninety volumes, including Babylon the Great, a Picture of Men and Things in London; Modern Athens, a sketch of Edinburgh society; The British Naturalist; The Feathered Tribes of Great Britain; A Popular Guide to the Observation of Nature; two series of four volumes each, entitled The Heavens, the Earth, the Sea, and the Air; and Spring, Summer, Autumn, and Winter; and next, Man: Physical, Moral, Social, and Intellectual; The World Described, &c. He furnished the letter-press to Gilbert's Modern Atlas, the "Natural History' to the British Cyclopaedia, and numerous other contributions to periodical works. Mudie was a nervous and able writer, deficient in taste in works of light literature and satire, but an acute and philosophical observer of nature, and peculiarly happy in his geographical dissertations and works on natural history. His imagination could lighten up the driest details; but it was often too excursive and unbridled. His works were also hastily produced, "to provide for the day that was passing over him; but considering these disadvantages, his intellectual energy and acquirements were wonderful. | A record of English customs is preserved in | Brand's Popular Antiquities, published, with additions, by SIR HENRY ELLIs, in two volumes quarto,
in 1808; and in 1842 in two cheap portable volumes.
The work relates to the customs at country wakes, sheep-shearings, and other rural practices, and is an admirable delineation of olden life and manners. The Every-day Book, Table Book, and Year Book, by WILLIAM HoNE, published in 1833, in four large volumes, with above five hundred woodcut illustrations, form another calendar of popular English amusements, sports, pastimes, ceremonies, manners, customs, and events incident to every day in the year. Mr Southey has said of these works—'I may take the opportunity of recommending the Everyday Book and Table Book to those who are interested in the preservation of our national and local customs: by these very curious publications their compiler has rendered good service in an important department of literature.'
A singular but eminent writer on jurisprudence and morals, MR JEREMY BENTHAM, was an author throughout the whole of this period, down to the year is34. He lived in intercourse with the leading men of several generations and of various countries, and was unceasingly active in the propagation of his opinions. Those opinions were as much canvassed as the doctrines of the political economists. Mr
solicitor, and was born on the 6th of February 1749. He was entered of Queen's college, Oxford, when only twelve years and a quarter old, and was even then known by the name of 'the philosopher. He took his Master's degree in 1766, and afterwards studying the law in Lincoln's Inn, was called to the bar in 1772. He had a strong dislike to the legal profession, and never pleaded in public. His first literary performance was an examination of a passage in Blackstone's Commentaries, and was entitled A Fragment on Government, 1776. The work was prompted, as he afterwards stated, by "a passion for improvement in those shapes in which the lot of mankind is meliorated by it.' His zeal was increased by a pamphlet which had been issued by Priestley. "In the phrase "the greatest happiness of the greatest number," I then saw delineated, says Bentham, "for the first time, a plain as well as a true standard for whatever is right or wrong, useful, useless, or mischievous in human conduct, whether in the field of morals or of politics.' The ' phrase is a good one, whether invented by Priestley or Bentham; but it still leaves the means by which happiness is to be extended as undecided as ever, to be determined by the judgment and opinions of men. To insure it, Bentham considered it necessary to reconstruct the laws and government—to have annual parliaments and universal suffrage, | secret voting, and a return to the ancient practice of paying wages to parliamentary representatives. In all his political writings this doctrine of utility, so understood, is the leading and pervading principle. In 1778 he published a pamphlet on The Hard Labour Bill, recommending an improvement in the mode of criminal punishment; Letters on Usury, 1787; Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Politics, 1789; Discourses on Civil and Penal || Legislation, 1802; A Theory of Punishments and Rewards, 1811; A Treatise on Judicial Evidence, 1813; Paper Relative to Codification and Public Instruction, 1817; The Book of Fallacies, 1824, &c. By the death of his father in 1792, Bentham succeeded to property in London, and to farms in Essex, yielding from £500 to £600 a-year. He lived frugally, but with elegance, in one of his London houses—kept young men as secretaries—corresponded and wrote daily—and by a life of temperance and industry, with great self-complacency, and the society of a few devoted friends, the eccentric philosopher attained to the age of eighty-four. His various productions have been collected and edited by Dr John Bowring and Mr John Hill Burton, advocate, and published in 11 volumes. In his latter works Bentham adopted a peculiar uncouth style or nomenclature, which deters ordinary readers, and indeed has rendered his works almost a dead letter. Fortunately, however, part of them were arranged and translated into French by M. Dumont. Another disciple, Mr Mill, made known his principles at home; Sir Samuel Romilly criticised them in the Edinburgh Review, and Sir James Mackintosh in the ethical dissertation which he wrote for the Encyclopaedia Britannica. In the science of legislation Bentham evinced a profound capacity and extensive knowledge: the error imputed to his speculations is that of not sufficiently 'weighing the various circumstances which require his rules to be modified in different countries and times, in order to render them either more useful, more easily introduced, more generally respected, or more certainly executed.' As an ethical philosopher, he carried his doctrine of utility to an extent which would be practically, dangerous, if it were possible to make the bulk of mankind act upon a speculative theory.
Bentham was a native of London, son of a wealthy | |


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As fans of Real Housewives of Atlanta already know, Kenya Moore has confirmed her pregnancy on the reunion episode. The reality star opened up about all of the fertility treatments she underwent for a very long time in order to conceive with her husband Marc Daly at the age of 47.
She took to Instagram live to reveal that: 'I feel pretty good. No, I do not have a surrogate. I am a smart girl. I have been wanting a family of my own for a very long time.'
The star also said that she started seeing fertility specialists when she was 40!
'I know how freeze eggs and taking certain supplements to increase my body's chances of being a healthy environment and to produce fresh eggs. This is a very happy time for me, and I am not going to entertain nonsense.' Moore added.
The star made it very clear that she is really 'cautious right now' and would rather keep most of her pregnancy away from the public eye.
However, she is willing to share her journals as well as her sonograms with her many fans.
The first rumors that she is expecting started going around in March.
One source on set dished that 'Kenya was getting grilled about her secret marriage and Andy [Cohen] point blank asked if she was pregnant. Andy asked her about being spotted at the fertility clinic and said: 'Are you pregnant?' And Kenya said, 'Yes.''
During the reunion, Kenya finally confirmed it officially: 'We will definitely be welcoming a boy or girl late this year. Oh, my God, I said that! I do not want to talk about the details because I am still really nervous about everything, so I want to get past a safe place.'

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Marketing Strategy
- 3 month duration, 3-5 hours per week
- Consists of 6 two-week courses
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Determination Book List & Resources
Determination is the ability to push through challenges. It also means giving things another go if previous attempts end in failure. The key to determination is motivation, positivity and the courage to see things through to completion. Adults can support this important attitude in children by being good role models. If you make a mistake show how you keep going despite the difficulties. The recommended picture books in the determination book list below illustrate how hard work and determination can overcome obstacles in life.
Giving children their own responsibilities will help them learn this important character trait. Also, if they fail or struggle while attempting a task encourage them to keep going. Fostering an attitude of not giving up, resilience and determination help children to develop independence.
Determination Book List
Further Reading
These resources relate to the book, author and illustrator. The number of resources varies subject to subject. Please check they are appropriate for your specific needs before using them with children. If you have any suggestions please get in touch!
The Ryleys Girls and Boys Preparatory School: Five Tips for Teaching Children the Value of Hard work and Determination
The University of Kent: Determination
Quartz: Schools are finally teaching what kids need to be successful in life
I'm Determined: Introduction to Self-Determination
Commonsense Media: 100+ Ways to Help Kids Learn Grit, Determination, and Resilience
Scholastic: Determination and Persistence Lesson Plan
I'm Determined: Determination activity resources (Elementary)
I'm Determined: Determination checklists and rubrics
Charlotte-Mecklenburg Schools: Perseverance Activities
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More Books to Explore
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East Coast: Norwalk, and Westfarms Nordstrom, Connecticut; the flagship Nordstrom Men's Store, and Nordstrom Women's Store, Manhattan, NYC; Nordstrom Menlo Park, Edison, New Jersey; Nordstrom Burlington, and Natick, Massachusetts; Nordstrom Towson Town Center, Towson, Maryland; Nordstrom Perimeter Mall, Atlanta, Georgia; Nordstrom The Streets at Southpoint, Durham, NC; and Nordstrom The Gardens, Palm Beach Gardens, and Nordstrom at Merrick Park, Coral Gables, Florida.
West Coast: Ms. Allrich's work is on view in California at Nordstrom Century City, and The Grove, Los Angeles; University Towne Center in San Diego; Del Amo Fashion Center, Torrance; The Village at Corte Madera; and Nordstrom Valley Fair in San Jose. In the Pacific Northwest, at Nordstrom Bellevue Square, and Nordstrom Alderwood, Lynnwood, Washington; and Nordstrom Downtown Portland, Portland, Oregon.
Her work is also on view at Nordstrom Michigan Avenue, Chicago, Illinois; Mall of America, Bloomington, Minnesota; Nordstrom Stonebriar Centre in Frisco, and La Cantera at San Antonio, Texas; and Nordstrom Fashion Show, Las Vegas, Nevada.
In Canada, Karri's work is on view at Nordstrom Yorkdale Shopping Centre, and Nordstrom Toronto Eaton Centre, Toronto; and the Pacific Centre, in Vancouver, BC.


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If there's one place where you can truly express your personality and taste, it is in your own home. So choosing colors, for both inside and out, is really something that you should take the time to think about. After all, colors can affect your mood – blues and greens are calming, reds are racy and passionate. Other colors are more associated with typically masculine or feminine traits, some are chosen purely because you love them, while others still are picked for more practical reasons. It all comes down to one simple fact: you need colors you love, that you can live with, and that present your home in its very best light.
There are so many factors involved in choosing colors, both for your rooms and for the exterior of your home, that it is well worth collaborating with an expert who can help create a pleasing palette for your property.
Working with a professional color consultant has a number of benefits; they will suggest not only colors that you like, but ones that work for the scale and shape of your rooms, as well as ones that complement nearby homes, and your neighborhood in general if you're painting the outside of your house.
Here's why you should think about working with a color consultant before decorating your home:
- A color consultant will evaluate the lighting in your home – both natural and artificial. Natural daylight shows colors at their most "real". Incandescent lighting makes tones look warmer, and fluorescent lighting brings out the blue in a color. Your color consultant knows this, and can pick hues that will work equally well both during the day and at night.
- A professional consultant will know how to highlight a room's best features while downplaying less desirable aspects. There's a little more to it than just splashing a coat of paint on the walls; someone with an eye for both color and interior design will take into consideration architectural features such as windows, baseboards, dado rails, other molding or paneling, and the ceiling height.
- A color consultant will visualize your home not just as a collection of rooms, but as a single entity. They will be able to offer advice regarding the flow of colors throughout your home, creating an interior that is cohesive but that also works on a room-by-room basis.
- Understanding the psychology of colors is crucial, too. A survey conducted in the United Kingdom found that people with blue bedrooms typically had the best night's sleep, while those who woke up in brown or gray hued bedrooms felt "emotionally isolated and uncomfortable" – resulting in consistently poor sleep. A color consultant will be fully conversant with the full spectrum of colors and be able to advise you accordingly.
- On a practical note, all paints are not created equal. A professional consultant will make sure that the right paints are chosen for the right job – something that's crucial for long-lasting results that you can be proud of. Selecting the correct paint for an exterior paint job is especially important, and the type of paint used will need to take into consideration environmental factors such as typical weather conditions, proximity to industrial areas or busy roads, and the material of the surfaces that are to be painted. Local regulations must also be taken into account: you may have fallen in love with the idea of a bubblegum pink home, but your neighbors – and your local town council – may not be quite so keen.
Whether you're planning to redecorate one room, your whole home or the outside of your property, talking to the color consultants at Sharper Impressions Painting will help you choose the right color palette that matches your tastes and complements your home. Get in touch and see how we can help you create the home of your dreams.


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1995 Barolo Riserva, Monfortino, Giacomo Conterno, Piedmont, Italy
wine at a glance
Delivery and quality guarantee
About this WINE
Giacomo Conterno
Roberto Conterno took full control over the running of this famous estate just outside Monforte d'Alba, Piedmont, in 2003, when his father Giovanni Conterno passed away. Giovanni was the oldest son of the winery founder, Giacomo Conterno, and initially worked alongside his brother, Aldo Conterno. In 1969 the two sibling winemakers parted ways to create their own styles of Barolo.
Roberto continues to practice the traditional winemaking techniques of the area, producing long-lived, earthy wines. The focus has been strictly on nebbiolo and barbera since their freisa and dolcetto vines were grubbed up. Roberto also stresses the importance of organic viticulture especially in the early years of the vines' growth. The estate is most renowned for its great Barolos, Cascina Francia and Monfortino Riserva. The latter is produced only in the very best of vintages and aged at least 7 years in large oak 'botti'. This is regarded as one of the finest Barolos produced today and by many as the finest wine made from Nebbiolo in the world.
Roberto has recently introduced some small wooden 'fermentini' to further improve quality.
Nebbiolo is the grape behind the Barolo and Barbaresco wines and is hardly ever seen outside the confines of Piedmont. It takes its name from "nebbia" which is Italian for fog, a frequent phenomenon in the region.
A notoriously pernickety grape, it requires sheltered south-facing sites and performs best on the well-drained calcareous marls to the north and south of Alba in the DOCG zones of Barbaresco and Barolo.
Langhe Nebbiolo is effectively the 'second wine' of Piedmont's great Barolo & Barbarescos. This DOC is the only way Langhe producers can declassify their Barolo or Barbaresco fruit or wines to make an early-drinking style. Unlike Nebbiolo d'Alba, Langhe Nebbiolo can be cut with 15% other red indigenous varieties, such as Barbera or Dolcetto.
Nebbiolo flowers early and ripens late, so a long hang time, producing high levels of sugar, acidity and tannins; the challenge being to harvest the fruit with these three elements ripe and in balance. The best Barolos and Barbarescos are perfumed with aromas of tar, rose, mint, chocolate, liquorice and truffles. They age brilliantly and the very best need ten years to show at their best.


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Ziggy's Facelift Transformation on Operation Thailand Goes Viral!
Operation Thailand Episode 2 aired Tuesday May 9. The episode featured 59 year old CosMediTour client Ziggy who travelled to Thailand to turn back the clock and have Facelift surgery with Dr. Montien. Her life changing experience is now going VIRAL in the media as she talks up Thailand's Medical Tourism Industry with Daily Mail Australia.
Registered nurse Zena 'Ziggy' Smith remembers listening to some music with a patient who pointed out that the tune 'probably came from her era.' The patient went on to suggest that she'd remember the song because she's 'in her 60s'. But the Adelaide-based Ziggy was only in her mid-50s. "It shocked me. I had put on an awful lot of weight over the course of about seven years. I had become really overweight and sick," the now 59-year-old told Daily Mail Australia.
'I decided to get a facelift to get some of myself back again. My eyelids had gotten so much heavier that my eyes never stopped watering. I have no double chin now!' Ziggy said.
'The best part of the whole trip was learning to love myself again. I feel worthwhile now. If I feel like I love me again I want to look like I love me again,' she continued.
(Ziggy featured on Operation Thailand TV Series)
The Adelaide local is a fierce advocate for getting facial reconstruction surgery in Thailand over her homeland. 'Australia just doesn't have the same level of experience as the doctors in Thailand. In Thailand they are world leaders and experts in the field. Part of the reason they're world leaders is they have a lot of transgender changes over there. We just don't have the same statistics. As a fellow health professional I did a lot of research before making the trip and felt really comfortable with my choice.
(Ziggy Pre Surgery & 4 Weeks Post Surgery)
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Tart fruit back in vogue
A forbidden fruit stages a comeback
Standing in the sunny kitchen of his 150-year-old farmhouse in Trumansburg, Glenhaven Farm proprietor John Tamburello '76 swirls a glass of wine under his nose, sniffing as he ponders the deep purple libation's bouquet. "It's not like chardonnay with its buttery or floral notes," he says. "It's very powerful, extremely strong. Maybe licorice? Very earthy—it's definitely black currant."
That description might mean something to a native of Scandinavia, where the tart relative of the gooseberry never fell out of favor and has even featured in government-sponsored campaigns touting its myriad health benefits. It's less evocative on this side of the pond, where few Americans have encountered the pea-sized fruit. With an acidity level to rival the cranberry and double the sugar, the juice makes a terrific component of jam, wine, or hard cider; unadulterated, it's an acquired taste. "It will suck your cheeks right in," says the vintner, who tried only once to sell the fresh fruit but still recalls the delight of childhood peanut butter sandwiches slathered with black currant jam. At the Ithaca Farmers' Market, where Tamburello offers free tastings from his hand-corked, hand-labeled bottles, its off-the-charts antioxidant levels and unique flavor make the wine a hot seller.
Having a back-story riddled with political intrigue and bad science doesn't hurt. For more than fifty years, federal law prohibited the planting, cultivation, sale, or transport of the black currant, deemed a public nuisance in 1911 for its role as the intermediate host of a fungus introduced from Asia and threatening white pine plantations. To complete its life cycle, white pine blister rust—which defoliates both the deciduous currant and the lower branches of the white pine—requires a season on fruits in the genus Ribes, which includes 150 species of currants, gooseberries, and ornamentals.
The federal ban—a legacy of the timber lobby's muscle amidst a turn-of-the-century building boom—was lifted in 1966, but New York State kept its own on the books until 2003, when a campaign by a Hudson Valley farmer and Cornell extension agent Steven McKay brought science to bear. "The market value of Ribes in New York State could be higher than the whole pine timber industry," says McKay, who notes that today, rust-immune cultivars and improved management techniques substantially mitigate risk. "Not that we don't need lumber," he says, "but there are places for Ribes and places for pines." Tamburello's 100 Titania currant plants—a patented, rust-immune variety that bears strings of glistening black fruit from mid-July through early September—get a late winter pruning and bear on one- and two-year-old canes. A white pine towers above the nearby farmhouse, but Tamburello says the tree hasn't had any trouble with rust.
Bellwether Hard Cider co-owner Bill Barton, MEng '77, discovered black currant juice through the Geneva Ag Station, where food scientists were helping a Pennsylvania farmer develop recipes for the fruit. "We used a small sample of her juice, tested it with the cider, and it was awesome," says Barton, who buys more than a ton of fruit every year from Penn Yann farmer Curt Rhodes and features the flavor in his Black Magic cider. Rhodes, whose twenty-five-acre spread supplies a half-dozen Finger Lakes vineyards, describes the fruit's flavor as "blueberry with attitude." Barton puts it more bluntly: "You get the first taste, and it's like a slap in the face."
For Rhodes, a fifth-generation farmer who spent most of his career growing commodity vegetable crops on 1,300 acres, the black currant's return to New York has offered a chance to overhaul the business model for the farm, which had teetered just one or two bad-weather years away from ruin. When the family decided to explore value-added products, they contacted associate professor of food processing Olga Padilla-Zakour, PhD '91, director of the New York State Food Venture Program, who worked with Rhodes's sister, Carolyn Sullivan, to develop a jam recipe that incorporates black currant, apple, and English walnut. Last summer, Sullivan sold 3,000 jars at a local farmers' market. Says Rhodes: "These bushes are paying for themselves."
Red Tail Farm proprietors Teresa Vanek '97 and Brent Welch '94 planted a trial plot of black currant bushes in 2005, largely because of the fruit's nutritional profile: it has vitamin C levels four times higher than an orange and potassium levels double those of a banana. While the Trumansburg couple sells gooseberry plants and fruit at the Ithaca Farmers' Market, they've been slow to offer the black currants for sale, mainly because of the challenges of picking the miniscule fruit. "It's ridiculously labor-intensive," says Welch, noting that more extensive plantings could justify a mechanical harvester. In the meantime they freeze the berries as time allows, and in the off-season craft homemade jams and jellies, which they started selling at the Farmers' Market this summer. "People love it," says Welch. "It's a precious commodity."
— Sharon Tregaskis '95


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Some gems from C. S. Peirce's "What Pragmatism Is".
First, probably the most famous bit from this essay, one of the funnier lines in the history of philosophy:
…the writer, finding his bantling "pragmatism" so promoted, feels that it is time to kiss his child good-by and relinquish it to its higher destiny; while to serve the precise purpose of expressing the original definition, he begs to announce the birth of the word "pragmaticism," which is ugly enough to be safe from kidnappers.
Another, which I think is highly relevant to the Design Thinking debate, largely conducted by non-practitioners:
The writer of this article has been led by much experience to believe that every physicist, and every chemist, and, in short, every master in any department of experimental science, has had his mind molded by his life in the laboratory to a degree that is little suspected. The experimentalist himself can hardly be fully aware of it, for the reason that the men whose intellects he really knows about are much like himself in this respect. With intellects of widely different training from his own, whose education has largely been a thing learned out of books, he will never become inwardly intimate, be he on ever so familiar terms with them; for he and they are as oil and water, and though they be shaken up together, it is remarkable how quickly they will go their several mental ways, without having gained more than a faint flavor from the association. Were those other men only to take skillful soundings of the experimentalist's mind — which is just what they are unqualified to do, for the most part — they would soon discover that, excepting perhaps upon topics where his mind is trammeled by personal feeling or by his bringing up, his disposition is to think of everything just as everything is thought of in the laboratory, that is, as a question of experimentation. … when you have found, or ideally constructed upon a basis of observation, the typical experimentalist, you will find that whatever assertion you may make to him, he will either understand as meaning that if a given prescription for an experiment ever can be and ever is carried out in act, an experience of a given description will result, or else he will see no sense at all in what you say.
And last, a restatement of a simple but profoundly consequential idea from "Four Incapacities" ("Let us not pretend to doubt in philosophy what we do not doubt in our hearts.") which hit me from a pleasantly fresh angle:
Philosophers of very diverse stripes propose that philosophy shall take its start from one or another state of mind in which no man, least of all a beginner in philosophy, actually is. One proposes that you shall begin by doubting everything, and says that there is only one thing that you cannot doubt, as if doubting were "as easy as lying." … Do you call it doubting to write down on a piece of paper that you doubt? If so, doubt has nothing to do with any serious business. But do not make believe; if pedantry has not eaten all the reality out of you, recognize, as you must, that there is much that you do not doubt, in the least. Now that which you do not at all doubt, you must and do regard as infallible, absolute truth. Here breaks in Mr. Make Believe: "What! Do you mean to say that one is to believe what is not true, or that what a man does not doubt is ipso facto true?" No, but unless he can make a thing white and black at once, he has to regard what he does not doubt as absolutely true. Now you, per hypothesiu, are that man, "But you tell me there are scores of things I do not doubt. I really cannot persuade myself that there is not some one of them about which I am mistaken." You are adducing one of your make-believe facts, which, even if it were established, would only go to show that doubt has a limen, that is, is only called into being by a certain finite stimulus. You only puzzle yourself by talking of this metaphysical "truth" and metaphysical "falsity," that you know nothing about. All you have any dealings with are your doubts and beliefs, with the course of life that forces new beliefs upon you and gives you power to doubt old beliefs. If your terms "truth" and "falsity" are taken in such senses as to be definable in terms of doubt and belief and the course of experience (as for example they would be, if you were to define the "truth" as that to a belief in which belief would tend if it were to tend indefinitely toward absolute fixity), well and good: in that case, you are only talking about doubt and belief. But if by truth and falsity you mean something not definable in terms of doubt and belief in any way, then you are talking of entities of whose existence you can know nothing, and which Ockham's razor would clean shave off. Your problems would he greatly simplified, if, instead of saying that you want to know the "Truth," you were simply to say that you want to attain a state of belief unassailable by doubt.


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For the sixth time in seven years, the Alaska Department of Fish and Game is projecting a directed commercial fishery for Taku River King salmon in 2012.
The department says the number of Taku Chinook should be up from last season. The forecast calls for a summer run of about 48,000 Kings, with an allowable catch of about 6,700 for commercial fishermen in Alaska.
But fishery manager Kevin Monagle says projections don't always turn into reality.
"In some cases we have had a number similar to this or maybe a little lower to go after, and we have decided to wait until we had in-season information and to make our management decisions based on that information alone, not the forecast," says Monagle.
Case in point, in 2011 the forecast called for a run of about 41,000 Kings, with an allowable catch of about 1,500. But a directed fishery was not allowed once managers were able to collect in-season data.
Monagle says it can be a difficult fishery to forecast, because the Alaska catch is set according to a treaty with Canada, which shares the Taku with the United States. And Canada gets first crack at the fish.
"The first 5,000 fish surplus, Canada gets that and we get none of it," says Monagle. "So, in recent years when you have very small surpluses to go after, if the forecast changes even a little bit – 2 to 4 percent – then that U.S. allowable catch goes away."
Monagle says Canadian managers also regulate the Taku King fishery according to in-season data, and that biologists on both sides of the border are in regular communication before and after fishing starts.
May 1st is the first day a fishery is allowed to open in Alaska. Monagle says the department will release more information closer to that date.


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Thanks to some very kind, generous neighbours of ours, we were given the opportunity to visit their lovely little cottage on the Isle of Skye last week. Above all this trip reaffirms one's faith in the true goodwill that exists in some people. Real kindness. No expectations of return favours. Honest, goodwill and nothing more. […]
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Again ache is a part of our lives and may have an effect on anybody at any time. Backache might sometimes keep quick and disappear rapidly. That is referred to as acute again ache and could be handled with medicine and leisure. Ache is a continual backache when it lasts for greater than three months. Many individuals have a relentless pain-relieving impact on the again ache.
Nevertheless, for those who expertise again ache within the kidney space, it's time to search medical consideration. Kidney illness could cause ache that's much like again ache. The kidneys are positioned on each side of the vertebral column above the hip. Subsequently, any ache that could be current on this space could be identified as a kidney illness. The ache comes from the kidneys and radiates to the decrease again. This is named ache. Subsequently kidney illness is usually confused with decrease again ache.
So how can the kidney an infection and decrease again ache be distinguished? One of many signs is that ache attributable to kidney illness is quickly occurring and disappears after the medicine is over. Within the case of again ache, ache continues even after the an infection has ceased. Signs of kidney illness or kidney stones could also be ache throughout urination, blood within the urine or fever, accompanied by chills. If the doctor presses the child for a bodily examination, he'll shoot within the space. If, nonetheless, there may be pressure, torn or twisted muscular tissues, the ache is typical of the world. The ache is between the decrease again or shoulder blades beneath the waist or above the spinal column. Any such ache can be worse throughout train and light-weight distant leisure. Kidney Illness is Safely Excluded on this State of affairs
If you happen to by accident endure from kidney an infection, the ache is on the again, above the waist, however immediately beneath the rib. Ache might improve in case your bladder is full or you possibly can go to the genital space. Through the time there could also be vomiting, ache throughout urination, blood within the urine, and even fever. Decrease again ache could be one other symptom of kidney illness. These are basic tips that present concepts on the way to diagnose ache within the decrease again. If you're nonetheless undecided what you're coping with, such signs require pressing medical consideration. It's at all times higher to be safer than I'm sorry. If in case you have historical past of kidney infections, there could also be one other assault. Alternatively, it will possibly solely be a stretched muscle. Subsequently, it's higher to go to your physician to have the ability to begin the correct analysis and begin therapy for ache or kidney an infection, as applicable. The kidney an infection and ensuing again ache are prone to be cleared up with an antibiotic dose. Decrease Again Ache Therapy might require physiotherapy or medicine within the type of analgesics.
Supply by Abhishek Agarwal


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Weekend in Monaco with #hello_monaco
It's the first weekend of this Fall; it is truly great time of the year with Summer weather and still relaxed atmosphere. It is also the beginning of sports and cultural season in Monaco, time to buy tickets and plan ahead.
This weekend you can dedicate to visiting exhibistions, since some of them are about to close, for example like "The World of the Wolf", exhibition in Jardin Exotique.
As it has done for the past five years, the Monaco's Exotic Garden is devoting its summer exhibition to "The World of the Wolf". In conjunction with the Alpha Park, this Monegasque establishment is exhibiting 26 large-format photos of the wolves of Boréon. The public can also find out about scientific studies of wolves and methods of looking after them and can also enjoy a fun learning area designed especially for children.
Another exhibition, which is currently open till 20 September, from 2 pm to 7 pm in Galerie 11 Columbia: "Dark Shadows" exhibition — visual art and design.
The exhibition "Dark Shadows" brings together works that all have one thing in common: the notion of darkness. Thus, the forms and subjects of each piece often question our consciousness and our relation to the darkness, frequently related to the world of fear. The exhibition is open at Gallery 11 Columbia until September 20th.
Grimaldi Forum presents the Imperial Court Life in China. In 2001, Grimaldi Forum Monaco honoured the "China of the First Emperor" with an absolutely unforgettable exhibition. In the summer of 2017 the focus will be on the last imperial Chinese dynasty (1644–1911), with a celebration of its pomp and circumstance, its tastes and its grandeur. The Forbidden City brought together some 200 remarkable exhibits, from the former palace of the emperors and loans from major European and American collections: the Musée Cernuschi and the Musée du Louvre in Paris, the Victoria & Albert Museum in London, the Royal Museums of Art and History in Brussels, and the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery in Washington. The exhibition will invite visitors into the very heart of an emblematic setting, rooted in China's collective memory and home to a heritage of inestimable value.
And if you have some more free time there are a few other exibitions still going on in Monaco: "Dissipatio HG", Exhibition "No man is an island", Exhibition on "The Bicentenary of the Palace Guards", Exhibition "Kasper Akhøj, Welcome (To The Teknival)", Exhibition "Saâdane Afif, The Fountain Archives 2008—2017", Borderline exhibition by Philippe Pasqua in Oceanographique Museum of Monaco. If you want to learn about other exhibitions taking place in Monaco visit our Calendar.
The new music and theater season is about to start: on
Have a great weekend!


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Photos (clockwise, left to right): Cake Creations~Peran & Scannell Jewelers~Image Cinema Photo Booths
The awesome I Do! Bridal Soiree @ Hotel ZaZa is just a few days away and we cannot WAIT to meet y'all!
In the meantime, we're throwing out a few more tantalizing tidbits about Sunday's show to get you all excited. As if you weren't already.
With us at I Do! @ ZaZa for the first time is Image Cinema Photo Booths. Make sure to step inside one of their fantastic booths—just about the coolest addition to your reception, just ask any bride who's had one—and strike a pose for the camera. You won't just score a great free gift (a surprise, of course), but you'll also get to take advantage of Image Cinema's 50/50 show special: $50 off photo booth rental OR 50 magnetic frame party favors for guests. Love it!
Also new to I Do! @ ZaZa, Peran & Scannell Jewelers will be showcasing its newest fine jewelry collection. Jewelers Shelley Peran and Dawn Scannell are absolute experts in appraising, sourcing and designing exquisite fine diamond and gemstone jewelery—so if you're in the market for serious bling, make a beeline for their sure-to-be-dazzling show display. Did we mention that they'll be drawing for a $200 gift certificate? Now we did!
To satisfy your sweet tooth, swing over to Cake Creations, and indulge in a decadent taste or two from Bobbie Taylor, one of Houston's most celebrated special-occasion bakers. Oh, and to satisfy your search for a great I Do! bargain, snag a $100 gift certificate for your Cake Creations bride or groom cake! Yum.
Plenty more divine inspiration, killer deals, surprise giveaways and just plain beautiful stuff will be on display at I Do! @ ZaZa, so arrive on time, stay for the duration, and take advantage of every single ounce of bridal OMG.
And don't forget to stick around for the post-show VIP Happy Hour—ZaZa's Monarch Bistro and Bar will be offering lots of delish drink and app specials. Mmm…we're hungry already. And thirsty. Very thirsty.
See you on Sunday!!


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Having your mom as your BFF is great. You laugh at all the same parts in movies, she knows how you take your coffee, and she offers to pay (most of the time). Now you can celebrate your forever times together properly with this greeting card inspired by the best relationship to ever come out of Star's Hollow.


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My logo is "B The Sheriff". This means law enforcement officers need the community's help. Unfortunately, there are not enough officers to be in every neighborhood every second of every day so that's why I say for you to "B The Sheriff". If you see something that doesn't look right, say something. Get to know your neighbors and let them know when you're going out of town. Ask them to watch your home. I support local neighborhood watch groups and want to reinstate the Citizens On Patrol volunteer programs. I will reach out to local youth and increase the sheriff's presence in after school activities. The baby boomer generation is retiring and I'm sure they would love to stay busy while still making a difference! I would even like to start using volunteers to take care of some of the everyday tasks like answering the phone for non-emergency calls and handing out police and accident reports. Getting the community involved will not only result in more transparency in the Sheriff's Office, but will build more community support. My goal is to develop and maintain a strong partnership between this County and the law enforcement that is sworn to protect it.
I also plan to implement a K9 unit as this is very important to Law Enforcement. Police dogs are normally used to sniff out explosives and narcotics, search for and apprehend criminals, assist in search and rescue missions, trace and pick up accelerants at suspected arson sites, and help in other important jobs within the police force. Some police dogs are trained to detect the odor of possible decomposed bodies. Police dogs wear protective gear just like their human partners do. They are treated as any other member of the police force. An assault on a police dog is treated as if it were an assault on any other police officer. When off duty, they are loved and adored family members. A K9 team is able to complete searches much faster than average and is essential to ensure the efficiency of law enforcement. Police dogs help deter criminals and help save lives. They are cherished members of law enforcement in most agencies.
Should you need a permit to conceal carry? No, I believe the 2nd Amendment is my permit! The Sheriffs' Departments all across this country have made this another way to get your hard earned money for something that you were given as an unalienable right as an American Citizen on December 15, 1791. The more we fight to keep our rights, the more the Government will back off and stop trying to take them away. As your next Sheriff, I will train my Deputies that armed law-abiding citizens will not be treated like criminals. Deputies will not question an armed person, whether the weapon is concealed or not, unless the person is suspected of a crime. I know that as we travel this great nation you need a permit because other counties require one. The current Sheriff is charging $20.00. As the next Sheriff of Shelby County, I will reduce the price as much as possible. The State of Alabama charges $7.50 a year for a permit for concealed carry. As Sheriff and the administrator of your tax dollars, I will do my best to keep fees for concealed carry permits as low as possible.
In Shelby County Narcotic cases are continuing to grow at a rapid pace and heroin deaths in the combined area consisting of Jefferson, St. Clair, Shelby, and Talladega counties have seen a major spike as well. Shelby County has seen a 1,750% increase in heroin deaths. In August 2013, Chris George (Current Chief Deputy) stated, "What we're running right now is about a 50% unsolvable rate. … It's unsolvable because we don't have the resources to solve it." If that's the case we don't need the expense of a helicopter. A helicopter program cost approximately $500.00 an hour to operate which includes fuel, maintenance and storage. This helicopter serves no purpose to the Sheriff's Office except to chauffeur the Sheriff around like he is royalty. We need to focus more on preventing heroin deaths and do away with this helicopter program that is expensive and useless.


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This variant of the Path of Paradox is a Path of Enlightenment that existed since the Roman empire among the Ravnos who traveled from India to Europe. During the centuries of division from their eastern brethren, the path changed drastically, until only few elements of the original Path remained.
By the Eastern Ravnos (and many kindred), this branch is viewed as heretical and a mere excuse for theft, diablerie and other crimes against society. Many attempts to purge this Path were initiated, but up to this date, some of the western Ravnos still cling to this Path.
This variant of the Path of Paradox teaches that all existence is fluid and malleable. Nothing is permanent or real. The universe is an ever-shifting vortex, and all in it is composed of variable amounts of ethereal matter. This matter is referred to as "weig" by those on this Path. Eons ago, however, a great blasphemy was committed. Twelve beings who were momentarily filled with great amounts of weig decided to retain that weig instead of spewing it into the void when the time came. These beings then began to suck in even more weig -- enough to allow them power, and mold the surrounding chaos to their will. These 12 beings became the vampire Antediluvians, and proceeded to sculpt reality into a fixed shape that would enable them to retain their weig, and thus their power. Because even they couldn't entirely resist the universe's call to release their weig, the Antediluvians periodically exuded small amounts of their weig, molding them into their own images. Thus were other vampires created. Just as their progenitors blasphemously consume the universe's weig, so do vampires consume earth's stuff of life, blood. Of course, the Antediluvians plan to reabsorb their weig in due time. On this night -- the night of Gehenna, or the Flux -- the 12 Antediluvians, acting in concert and devouring the power of their children, plan to shape the universe permanently into the gray and stagnant mausoleum-realm that's their ideal. But the Antediluvians' abomination didn't go unnoticed. A vortex-being, given momentary sentience by a random fluctuation in the weig, decided to fight the newly created Antediluvians on their own terms. This being retained its own weig, gaining sufficient power in the process to battle the Antediluvians -- indeed, to become as they. This being sired the Ravnos clan to assist it, and became the 13th Antediluvian, though only the followers of this Path know that this "Antediluvian" exists only to disrupt the others' plans.
As a result, the western Ravnos see it as their duty to disrupt social norms and change one's perception of what they perceive to be reality, all in service to devour and destroy the creations of the Antediluvians. Their favorite methods for so doing are through trickery and theft. Ultimately, however, the weig must be released into the vortex. Ravnos who are advanced students of this Path actively seek to do so. They seek out items that retain weig -- "magic" items, Lupine fetishes, and the like -- and destroy them. The most powerful members of this Path seek out vampires with great amounts of weig -- of low generation -- and do likewise.
- Reality is what one makes it
- Free all weig into the vortex
- Existence is a lie, produced by the dark dreams of the Antediluvians
- The farther one is from the Antediluvians, the less real one is
- Alter reality as much as possible, for Gehenna drives nearer every night
- Always prank those who serve the Antediluvians, particular their childers
Hierarchy of Sins
10 - Refusing to commit diablerie on the elder of another clan
9 - Refusing to lead a "locked" being into the light -- or into destruction
8 - Showing any concersn for mortals
7 - Failing to acquire items or knowledge that would affect the Flux
6 - failing to trick others when the opportunity arises
5 - Being caught altering another's reality via the select redistribution of possessions (known among the vulgar as stealing)
4 - Refusing to release the weig of an empowered device.
3 - Joining a sect or otherwise stabilizing society
2 - Actively hindering change
1 - Actively inducing boredom


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Architect Carlos Delgado had his challenges constructing this tiny house including a lot size, solar shading, and flood elevation. The house was contained to a 357 SF footprint. So he built up!
With its main retaining wall buried below grade and the living area being situated on the lower level, natural heat transmittance was allowed to flow up the generous stairwell and percolate through interior awning windows into the master bedroom. The complete house arriving at only 664 SF created the overall heating needs to be met with a single 30K btu natural gas stove and ceiling fans. Summertime cooling takes advantage of the below grade wall as a thermal heat sink.
This small design worked perfectly with the owner's intent to reduce her footprint on the earth.
Contractor: Jerry Nutter Construction
A 664 square feet two-level home with only a 357 square feet footprint in Ashland, Oregon. Designed by Carlos Delgado.


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— G.H.O.S.T. Enforcer's unlock message.
G.H.O.S.T. Enforcer is a limited-time NPC that was released on April 16, 2017, as part of the Secret Agents 2017 Event. He is unlocked upon completing all 9 Dossiers form the Situation Room's G.H.O.S.T. Plot.
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text: Skin Health Skin Care & Cleansing Products Hair & Scalp Care The 8 Best Hair Loss Treatments for Men of 2020 Grow back thicker hair with these products By Abby Stassen Abby Stassen is a health and wellness writer who has covered everything from fiber supplements to walking shoes for Verywell. Learn about our editorial process Abby Stassen Fact checked by Fact checked by Ashley Hall on April 11, 2020 linkedin Ashley Hall is a writer and fact checker who has been published in multiple medical journals in the field of surgery. Learn about our editorial process Ashley Hall Updated on April 15, 2020 Print More in Skin Health Skin Care & Cleansing Products Hair & Scalp Care Anti-Aging Skin Care Acne Psoriasis Eczema & Dermatitis Fungal, Bacterial & Viral Infections More Skin Conditions Our editors independently research, test, and recommend the best products; you can learn more about our review process here. We may receive commissions on purchases made from our chosen links. 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