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|Samsung, Bolt Foundation put children behind camera
The Usain Bolt Foundation recently joined with Samsung to have the electronics company's first-ever photographic workshop for young Jamaican photographers called the Samsung NX300 Junior Photographer Project.
Sujin Jung, launch manager for Samsung Electronics NX300, the company's current flagship camera, has stated how impressed she is with the level and rate of participation shown by children in the workshop.
"We adopted Usain Bolt as our model. We were thinking what we could do to enhance the abilities of some of these children. This campaign is Samsung's first attempt to teach junior photographers about the camera in Jamaica, so we planned and invested in this event. So far, I am very impressed with these young photographers," Jung said.
"I can see they have a passion for the camera and the photography, so I am very impressed with all of them. Last week, we met and had a photo session, product orientation and even went to the Usain Bolt Track on the University of The West Indies, Mona Campus to take pictures," she added.
The workshop took place from May 9-11 at Devon House, St Andrew.
"Samsung wants to give back to Jamaica and be able to not only promote a new product, but also to hone the skills of these young photographers. Other than giving them access to the actual equipment, we are also teaching them how to use it and follow their dreams of becoming a photographer. It can still be their passion," Frank Moran, the event's director, told The Gleaner.
"Essentially, we are giving them the tools to take great photos and learn the rules about photography. In the end, we want to enable them to create their own style," he added.
The awards ceremony for the programme took place on the grounds of Devon House last Saurday. The top-three participants and their schools received various prizes such as the Samsung Galaxy Camera and Samsung NX300.
Bolt told the students that he was honoured to be a part of giving back to them. "I always want to see young people excel and I am impressed with what I have seen," Bolt said.
While Bolt browsed the exhibition, students and mentors waited with bated breath for the three finalists to be named. Famed photographer David Alan Harvey announced that the top-three finalists were Keano Gordon, Tonia Williams and Coya Clarke.
It was later announced that Clarke was the overall winner for her work titled 'CocoHead'.
Clarke, a 15-year-old student of the Wolmer's Trust High School for Girls, told The Gleaner that she developed her passion for photography from her sister. "I am very overwhelmed. I wasn't expecting this victory because there are so many young, talented photographers here. It was really unexpected. It was a really great experience," Clarke said.
All 25 students who participated in the programme walked away with a Samsung NX300.
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Keep You LP (Black)
More Information
- Ripple Water Shine
- April
- Lesions
- Old Jaw
- Repine
- Late Lives
- Enamor Me
- Traces
- The Queen
- Say Nothing
*This item comes with a digital download of the album in Mp3 format!
*Your digital download code will be sent to you via email. Make sure to add the address [support at kingsroadmerch.com] to your safe list so our emails don't go to your spam folders.

subset: commoncrawl


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Haha now that would be messed up. Gotta tell the fiancé that one :icon_lol:lol, when I saw the image I read "This is my fiancé" :icon_biggrin:
You're not the only one :icon_biggrin:lol, when I saw the image I read "This is my fiancé" :icon_biggrin:
The cheek of it :icon_tongue_smilie:You're not the only one :icon_biggrin:
I thought it as well and my girlfriend saw it over my shoulder and was really confused too haha.You're not the only one :icon_biggrin:
Exactly, 21st century 'n' that.Hey who are we to judge if a fella wants to marry a hamster?
(I could of course have inserted a smutty joke about nuts, but I shall refrain)


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Tuesday, July 10, 2001 | 1365 | 0 | min read
From International Risk Management Institute
Do you have a workers compensation exposure under the U.S. Longshore and Harbor Workers Compensation (USL&H) Act? You might be surprised to know that recent court decisions have found that a truck driver, bulldozer operator, and security guard qualified for compensation under the Act.
If employers fail to secure compensation under the Act, the penalties that can be assessed are onerous. The employer becomes subject to a civil action brought by the employee -- where common law defenses may not be used -- and is subject to a criminal misdemeanor charge for which executive officers must answer and could result in jail time. Executive officers are also responsible for any benefits due the injured employee. Double-check those work operations, and if you identify a potential exposure, seek coverage from an insurer approved by the U.S. Department of Labor to write the insurance.


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Delicious, simple and hydrating! It's the perfect refreshing summer fare.
Original recipe makes 6 servings
• 3/4 cup halved, thinly sliced red onion
• 1 tablespoon fresh lime juice
• 1 1/2 quarts seeded, cubed watermelon
• 3/4 cup crumbled feta cheese
• 1/2 cup pitted black olive halves
• 1 cup chopped fresh mint
• 2 tablespoons olive oil
1. Place the onion slices in a small bowl with the lime juice. The acid of the lime will mellow the flavor of the raw onion. Let stand for 10 minutes.
2. In a large bowl, combine the watermelon cubes, feta cheese, black olives, onions with the lime-juice and mint. Drizzle olive oil over it all, and toss to blend. Want a beautiful party presentation, make a bowl from a hollowed out watermelon and serve it in there!


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Big B
Story of two brothers with different nature. Bonding of two brothers beautifully written by 'Munshi Premchand'
Scripted & Directed by – Dr M Sayeed Alam & Niti Phool Theatre group – Pierrot troupe
Play Summary
Big B is an English dramatic version of play 'Bade bhai sahab'. Play shows brotherhood of two brothers holding different personalities. It's about two English educated, Hindi speaking brothers. Elder one is 'Kamta' who is studious and younger one is 'Samta' who runs away from studies.
'Big-b is about one of those little things that we share in our daily life. A relation between two brothers who are actually different from each other.
'Kamta' the elder brother failed in his exam and younger brother 'Samta' passed all exams.
This plays shows we should respect our elders because their experience of life is always better than us. This play also depicts that our education system is more about marks than knowledge.
Scripted & Directed by – Dr. M Sayeed Alam & Niti Phool
Theatre group – Pierrot troupe
The Cast
Play Stats
Play Genre – Comedy
Duration – 1 hour 36 mins
Language – English
Subtitles – NA
Play release date – 02-Apr-2017


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Our History
Church Multiplication Associates (CMA) has roots that go back to 1990 with a few pastors in the Southern California/Arizona District of the Grace Brethren Fellowship of Churches. Their initial meeting focused on their mutual desire to see new churches started in the Southern California and Arizona region. Within a few months a charter was written, the vision was initiated and the foundation was put in place to begin this new work.
In 1991, the church planting board held its first meeting to brainstorm what our vision should be for the next ten years. We concluded that if God blessed and our church plants multiplied, we should be able to plant 50 churches by the year 2000. We started work on the Pastor Factory, which would eventually be called a Leadership Farm System, and would be published in a work called Raising Leaders for the Harvest (Logan and Cole, 1995).
A pivotal year in CMA's history was 1995. It was the beginning of a two-year drought for church planting. This drought brought some of the most fruitful changes and advances in strategic development, which would bear much fruit in the years to come. It was during this year we introduced the Leadership Farm Systems, and published Raising Leaders for the Harvest and Life Transformation Groups (LTG) cards. Within a single year of the LTG cards being published, word had spread. LTGs were found on nearly every continent of the globe.
The following year (1996), due to the drought of new leaders, we had to reevaluate our original goal of 50 churches by the end of 2000. That goal changed to "to see the momentum of multiplication increase each year." This new goal allowed us to focus on the task of reproducing disciples, leaders and churches in a more organic fashion. These changes would lay the foundation for CMA's breakthrough year in 1998. It was this year we changed our name to Church Multiplication Associates.
Neil Cole and a small team began Awakening Chapels in Long Beach, CA by reaching out relationally to lost urban post-moderns in a local coffeehouse. Within months many were coming to Christ. A second church was commissioned, and then a third. We were not only seeing fruit and reproduction, but we were also learning key concepts for establishing a church multiplication movement.
By the end of 1999, 10 churches were planted in a single year. In 1999, CMA had also designed and implemented a new system for training emerging leaders in systematic theology entitled TruthQuest. Also in 1999, CMAResources, our training ministry, was born with its first publication of Neil Cole's book Cultivating a Life for God (April 1999). The first printing was sold out before year end. Today almost 30,000 copies have been sold. As we began to share our learning, it seemed wise, to hold a weekend "retreat" that would overview the organic church planting process for our burgeoning group. In the year 2000, a new form of training and farming of church planters was birthed-- the Organic Church Planter's Greenhouse. This year, 18 churches were planted as well.
By January 1st of 2001, CMA had seen 53 churches started under her watch. God had fulfilled our original goal in spite of a two-year drought in planting. More importantly, God continued to increase our momentum of multiplication.
Every year we have increased the number of Greenhouse trainings and Greenhouse trainers. This year (2008) we will average a Greenhouse every week and touch a minimum of 3,000 people with this training, spanning 12 different countries as well as many states in a single year.
Today we calculate that we are close to seeing an average of two churches starting every day. We have realized God's intent for CMA is much broader than originally thought. We are seeing the realization of our mission: the reproduction of healthy disciples, leaders, churches and movements to the ends of the earth to the glory of God.
Download/Print a PDF version HERE
(c) 2008 by Neil Cole
If you feel called to support our ministry, please visit our Donation page.


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(OOC: this is the first thing I've ever posted. It doesn't really have a meaning or plot, just wanted to get some excercise writing... hope you enjoy)
High atop a mountain, not far from an old camp of bandits, there is a beautiful plateau. A flat little piece of rock and earth, not so great in itself, but oh... the view was breathtaking. This night, the plateau was a bit strange. The plateau istelf was not so odd, but it's visitor was not a wolf, nor an old man, nor a bandit.
It was a drow. He was handsome, by drow standards. Beautiful in the way that any killing machine is. He carried two daggers that hung easily from a belt on his waist. He ran a slender hand through a shock of thick hair. His hair was a deep blue, not common for his race. He sat... silently waiting.
Earlier, an old man had been atop the plateau as well, but he had politely decided to leave when the dark elf appeared. Well... if politely decided can mean 'run off screaming...'
The sun was setting, and the drow stared at the ground. He apparently was not here to watch the sunset. He muttered a few curses, and shielded his eyes. Finally, the big ball of bright fire had retreated under the horizon, and the elf sat up and looked about. He stood up, paced for a few seconds... then a smile came across his face.
A drow smile is something to behold. Graceful, wicked, feral, victorious... most of the time when you see a dark elf smile, something terrible is going to happen. However, there were no screams of torture... no thud of a fresh corpse falling to the ground. Just a rising moon.
He smiled... looked towards the horizon... towards the desert perhaps, then he fell to his knees in meditation.
a strange night
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We present in this article the art of Michal Sycz aka Noeeko, a talented graphic designer who currently lives in Warsaw, Poland. He was born in the sign of Aquarius and is 28 years old. He graduated from the Cracow University of Technology, Department of Architecture. In the "Digital Art", has specialized in Art Direction, Branding, Graphic Design and Web Design.
Michal is currently Creative Director and Owner of studio art "Noeeko". He is the creator of a portfolio of artwork that speaks for itself about his artistic talent. You can convince yourself of the value and quality of this artist, following his project posted below. Please do not skip the video – takes only 34sec and is something worth seeing.
To see more about this great artist watching his profile on Behance site or from its website Michal Sycz
Fabulous Videoclip – workflow
Fabulous 2010 / Workflow from Noeeko on Vimeo.
She Can DJ FabulousThe Evolution Illustration created for one of the biggest indoor festival of the year 2010 that held in the Netherland and in USA, Las Vegas.
Client: Art of Dance
Photos from the event
Copyright © 2010 Art of Dance
T-Shirt Fabulous Event
She Can DJ
Illustration created for upcoming DJ comp to find the hottest new female DJ/Producer talent in Australia and New Zealand.
Client: EMI Music Australasia.
Combo Women DJ and Fabulous-Michal Sycz
Wallpapers-Michal Sycz


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You are here
William Bemis
Professor; Faculty Curator of Ichthyology, Cornell University Museum of Vertebrates
I am Professor of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology at Cornell University and Faculty Curator of Fishes for the Cornell University Museum of Vertebrates (CUMV). I received my B.A. in Biology from Cornell University (1976), M.S. in Zoology from the University of Michigan Ann Arbor (1978), Ph.D. in Zoology from the University of California Berkeley (1983), and spent two years as an instructor and postdoctoral fellow in the Department of Organismal Biology at the University of Chicago. I served 20 years as Professor of Biology at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, where I taught comparative anatomy, embryology, ichthyology, trained doctoral students in vertebrate biology, and served as director of zoological collections. I have traveled extensively for research and worked with specimens in more than 50 natural history collections on six continents. From 2005 to 2013, I served as Kingsbury Director of Shoals Marine Laboratory at Cornell. In 2013, I returned to the faculty of the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, where I conduct research in comparative anatomy, train undergraduate and graduate research students. My research is based on direct study of specimens, and I often collect new materials to be catalogued into the CUMV. I routinely use photography, dissection, skeletal preparations, histology, scanning electron microscopy, and micro-CT of unstained and DICE specimens to study vertebrate anatomy. My courses emphasize vertebrate biology, anatomy, paleontology, and evolution; I also helped develop a course to train students to use micro-CT methods in their own research. My introductory course is BIOEE 2470 - The Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Paleontology and Evolution. I am lead developer of an edX Massive Open Online Course on the biology of sharks, available free to anyone in the world with an Internet connection.
Research Focus
I study the anatomy, development and evolutionary relationships of fossil and living fishes including sharks, lungfishes, coelacanths, bowfins, sturgeons and paddlefishes.
Vertebrate anatomy, ichthyology, paleontology, systematics, embryology, osteology
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
Graduate Fields
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
- Zoology and Wildlife Conservation
- Leigh, K.L., J.P. Sparks and W. E. Bemis (2016) Food preferences of Atlantic Hagfish, Myxine glutinosa, assessed by experimental baiting of traps. Copeia 104.
- Moyer, J.K. and W.E. Bemis (2016) Shark teeth as edged weapons: Serrated teeth of three species of selachians. Zoology.
- Moyer, J.K. and W.E. Bemis (2016) Tooth microstructure and replacement in the Gulper Shark, Centrophorus granulosus (Squaliformes: Centrophoridae). Copeia 104.
- Farina, S.C. and W.E. Bemis (2016) Functional morphology of gill ventilation of the goosefish, Lophius americanus (Lophiiformes: Lophiidae). Zoology DOI: 10.1016/j.zool.2016.01.006
- Bemis, K.E. and W.E. Bemis (2015) Functional and developmental morphology of tooth replacement in the Atlantic Wolffish, Anarhichas lupus (Teleostei: Zoarcoidei: Anarhichadidae). Fishes and Morphology Today, G. Arratia and D. Johnson, eds. Copeia 103: 886-901. http://dx.doi.org.proxy.library.cornell.edu/10.1643/OT-14-141
- Bemis, W.E., M. Riccio, and J.K. Moyer (2015) Homology of lateral cusplets in the teeth of lamnid sharks (Lamniformes: Lamnidae). Fishes and Morphology Today, G. Arratia and D. Johnson, eds. Copeia 103: 961-972. http://dx.doi.org.proxy.library.cornell.edu/10.1643/CG-14-109
- Moyer, J.K., N.D. Hamilton, R.H. Seeley, M.L. Riccio, and W.E. Bemis (2015) Identification of shark teeth (Elasmobranchii: Lamnidae) from a historic fishing station on Smuttynose Island, Maine, using computed tomography imaging. Northeastern Naturalist 22: 585-597. http://dx.doi.org.proxy.library.cornell.edu/10.1656/045.022.0313
- Moyer, J.K., M. Riccio, and W.E. Bemis (2015) Development and microstructure of tooth histotypes in the Blue Shark, Prionace glauca (Carcharhiniformes: Carcharhinidae) and the Great White Shark, Carcharodon carcharias (Lamniformes: Lamnidae). Journal of Morphology. DOI: 10.1002/jmor.20380
- Farina, S.C., T.J. Near, and W.E. Bemis (2015) Evolution of the branchiostegal membrane and restricted gill openings in actinopterygian fishes. Journal of Morphology. DOI: 10.1002/jmor.20371
- McGuire, B. and W.E. Bemis (2015) Behavioral comparisons of male and female pups of Prairie Voles (Microtus ochrogaster) and Meadow Voles (M. pennsylvanicus). Developmental Psychobiology. DOI 10.1002/dev.21287
- Hilton, E.J., W.E. Bemis and L. Grande (2014) Hiodontidae: Mooneyes. Chapter 9 IN: Warren, M.I., Jr. and B. Burr (eds.) Freshwater Fishes of North America. Johns Hopkins Press. pp. 299-312.
- McGuire, B., W.E. Bemis, and F. Vermeylen (2014) Parental behaviour of prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster) and meadow voles (M. pennsylvanicus) in relation to sex of offspring. Behaviour 151:535-553.


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The Vinyl Frontier
Author of the book 'Belgium: The Vinyl Frontier' in 2014, in kind collaboration with Red Bull Belgium.
The idea was simple: interview seven Belgian record collectors in their homes with photographer Thomas Sweertvaegher as a fly on the wall.
This evolved into a website, interviewing more collectors on a monthly basis. The website has become a hub for vinyl and record shop related news in Belgium. Koen still runs the interview series and is the content manager of the project.


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Mandate / History
Taking place in Montreal, HTMlles is a festival in media arts and digital culture that brings together local, national and international artists, scholars, and activists who are passionate about critical engagement with new technologies from feminist perspectives. Each edition explores urgent socio-political questions through a series of exhibitions, round tables, conferences, performances and workshops.
Initiated in 1997, the festival began as an international platform for introducing women's web art. Collaborating closely with partner organizations, The HTMlles has become a multi-site festival dedicated to the presentation of women's, trans, and gender non-conforming artists' independent media artworks in a transdisciplinary environment that strives for anti-oppression. To know more about past editions of HTMlles, click here.
HTMlles is produced by Studio XX, a bilingual, feminist artist-run centre for technological exploration, creation, and critique, founded in 1996.
Natacha Clitandre | Programming Coordinator
Renata Azevedo Moreira | Assistant Programming Coordinator
Deborah VanSlet | Production Coordinator
Stéphanie Lagueux | Cultural Mediation Coordinator
Julie Alary Lavalée | General Coordinator
Roxane Halary | Communications Coordinator
Martine Frossard, François Bonenfant | Graphic Design
John Boyle-Singfield | Website


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News articles related to poker played offline. Find updates and results from tournament series (e.g. WSOP, EPT, WPT), poker events, casino news and more.
The PokerStars Players No Limit Hold'em Championship (PSPC) 2020 and EPT Barcelona have been rescheduled for 2021
The Borgata Winter Poker Open, Gardens Poker Championship and LA Poker Classic
Canada's Timothy Adams produced back-to-back Super High Roller Bowl victories
Phil Ivey returned to winning ways at the partypoker LIVE MILLIONS Super High Roller Series in Sochi
复古传奇sfA prizepool of $4.2million was collected from the 42 entries to the elite event
复古传奇sfThe Malaysian star saw off Phil Ivey to take down his fourth live poker tournament in a star-studded field
Tran's heads-up opponent Jake Schwartz is the same player he beat 18 months ago for his first World Poker Tour victory
复古传奇sfThe $2,250,000 prizepool was the largest yet as the high-rollers battle it out in the Russian Black Sea resort
The Malaysian high stakes tournament star beat a tough line up to take his live tournament winnings to almost $12 million
The partypoker ambassador was among a field of 58 entries
The Spanish national defeated a long list of elite players to take victory
partypoker will be allowing players and staff the maximum freedom to chose what is right for them
复古传奇sfNew York highstakes crusher Alex Foxen added another notch to his belt
There will be 101 events running this year way up from the 89 that ran in 2019
The Canadian joins an exclusive club becoming only the sixth player in history to win three WPT major events
复古传奇sfWSOP champ Hossein Ensan was among the contenders as nine players returned for the 4th and final day's play


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As the Valentine's Day approaches near flowers becomes more expensive day by day. Variety of packages and deals are usually available at flower delivery Singapore. Below are a few ways by which you can have a nice flower arrangement or a hand bouquet for your loved one without spending extraordinary amount of money on it:
- Search for daily deals
If you want to give beautiful bouquet to your loved but you have a limited budget. You should look for deals offered by different florist Singapore or florist websites. Often florists have discounts for Valentine's Day special bouquet which you can avail.
- Use services of local florists
It is suggested if you have a limited budget you should avail services of a local florist or flower shop in neighbourhood. In this way you will be able to save shipping charges that is often quite expensive. In addition to that you can bargain with florist as he/she will keep profit rather than paying for shipment.
- Do not buy add-on gifts from florist
It is advised that when ordering flowers from online florist you should not buy extra gifts from them like teddy bear, balloon or box of chocolate, as they charge a lot more than their original price. You should get add-on gifts from retail shops as they have special deals for Valentine's Day. In this way you can stick to your budget and give a great gift along with bouquet to your loved one.
- Shop at Super-store
It may seem strange that you are buying flowers from same aisle as the section of produce but it is a great way to save money. Flowers or hand bouquet available there are equally fresh as they are in a flower shop. It is also suggested that one should not buy from a roadside vendor as they do not have proper refrigeration flowers tend to die soon.
- Get flowers delivered one day before
In order to save money, you can get your flowers delivered on 13th February from flower delivery Singapore. It is because many florists charge extra for delivering flowers on Valentine's Day. Sometimes orders get delayed because of over load of deliveries.
These are a few ways in which you can save money on Valentine's Day and it is not necessary to have a lot of money to give your loved a nice gift and a bouquet.


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MARYSVILLE — The 2016-2017 Ohio Cattlemen's Association (OCA) BEST (Beef Exhibitor Show Total) Program wrapped up on May 6 with its annual awards banquet held at the Ohio Expo Center in Columbus.
"The banquet is a time to celebrate the many achievements of our BEST participants, both in and out of the show ring," says Stephanie Sindel, OCA Director of Youth Programs. "Each participant is recognized for their hard work by family, friends and BEST supporters alike."
Several representatives from program sponsors, Bob Evans Farms, Burroughs Frazier Farms, Evans Cattle Company, Farm Credit Mid-America, M.H. Eby, Ohio Farm Bureau Federation and Weaver Leather Livestock, were on hand to help present awards totaling more than $50,000 in belt buckles, luggage, show materials and other awards.
This year's BEST program featured 15 sanctioned shows that weaved its way across the state with over 440 youth participants showing 649 head of market animals and heifers. The following Preble County youth were recognized:
Breed Division Champions
Reserve Champion High Percentage Maine-Anjou Heifer — Abbie Collins; Champion ShorthornPlus Steer – Kinzee Shafer; (Tie) Fourth Overall Crossbred Heifer – Abbie Collins; Third Overall Crossbred Steer – Carson Shafer.
BEST Showmanship Winners
Fifth Overall Novice Showman – Skyler Ward.


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If you are not already receiving Medicare payments electronically, you should expect First Coast Service Options, Inc. (your Medicare Administrator) to contact you to revalidate your enrollment information. See Medicare notice below.
Not all chiropractors will receive this report. If you do, you are encouraged to look at it closely as it indicates your statistics are considered unusual.
On Monday, September 26, 2011, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) will release a national provider Comparative Billing Report (CBR) centered on Chiropractors who practice in the office setting. It's a similar study equivalent to the one distributed last fall except this current study will focus on 2010 data and is being sent to 5,000 different Providers.
Palmetto (GBA) is the Medicare contractor for processing claims of beneficiaries with railroad retirement benefits. See links below
Rules for completing and processing Chiropractic claims for Medicare Railroad follow National Medicare guidelines, as do Medicare Advantage Plans. These rules differ from Florida regular Medicare claims.
Consider the benefits of using less paper. Medicare providers who bill electronically can now sign up to receive their remittance advice electronically, as well.


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Estate sale find 1906 Indian Head Penny US Coins minted in Philadelphia.
In 1857 a small cent coin was introduced that featured a flying eagle on the obverse. Production problems limited the coin to only two years. The Indian Head penny was introduced and 1859 with a composition of 88% copper and 12% nickel and a diameter of 19 mm and a weight of 4.67 grams. In 1864 the composition was changed to 95% copper and 5% tin into reduced weight of 3.11 grams. The coin's designer was James B Longacre.
🚚 - Free shipping on orders over $25
Your product will ship within 1-2 business days of purchase via USPS mail all packages will have a tracking number. Delivery times will vary based on the type of shipping selected and distance of delivery. International may also incur Customs delay. Other delays may occur do to severe weather conditions. FREE SHIPPING ON U.S. ORDERS OVER $25 -- INTERNATIONAL SHIPPING -- Canada, Australia/New Zealand, Japan, selected European countries, Great Britain, selected South American Countries.
We offer a 14-day return policy on all items. Buyer pays return shipping cost. Item must be in same condition as sold. Remember these items are vintage and will have some wear.
Related Products


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Written by The Business Journal Staff
(AP) — Donald Trump will join Megyn Kelly on a Fox TV special for her first interview with him since the fallout from their encounter during a GOP presidential debate last summer.
The Republican front-runner will be a guest on "Megyn Kelly Presents," a prime-time special airing May 17, the network said Monday.
In a statement, Kelly said she asked Trump for the interview when they had a private meeting earlier this month. She said she looks forward to a "fascinating exchange."
Kelly and Trump's second debate go-around, in March, proved far milder than the initial Republican debate that aired on Fox News last August.
In that telecast, Trump was angered by Kelly's question about statements he had made about women and he later began criticizing her on Twitter.
Fox News criticized Trump for having a "sick obsession" about Kelly and engaging in conduct unbecoming of a presidential candidate. That didn't stop Fox or Kelly from pursuing Trump, who has proved a ratings goldmine for TV networks during the campaign.
Kelly's special will also include interviews with other guests to be announced, Fox said. Roger Ailes, Fox News chairman and CEO, is the show's senior executive producer.
Portions of the Trump interview also will air on Fox News' "The Kelly File" beginning May 18.


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Waterloo Millpond, in the Maunesha River Watershed, is a 79.21 acre lake that falls in Dane and Jefferson Counties. This lake is managed for fishing and swimming and is currently not considered impaired.
Date 2011
Author Aquatic Biologist
Source: 1968, Surface Water Resources of Jefferson County Waterloo Millpond, T8N, R1213E, Surface Acres = 80.7, S.D.F. = 3.15, Maximum Depth = 15 feet An elongate impoundment of Waterloo Creek on the Dane, Jefferson County line. A dam (Malthouse Dam) with 12 foot head maintains the water level. The fishery consists of northern pike, bullheads, bluegills and largemouth bass. Siltation, rough fish, and possibly pollution and stunted panfish are use problems. The lake has been chemically treated to rehabilitate the fishery twice in recent years with only partial success. The water is hard and turbid. Public access is available by stream, road crossings upstream and a frontage road. Winterkill is a possibility in severe winters. Waterfowl make moderate use of the pond in spring and fall.
Date 1968
Author Surface Water Inventory Of Wisconsin
Wisconsin has over 84,000 miles of streams, 15,000 lakes and milllions of acres of wetlands. Assessing the condition of this vast amount of water is challenging. The state's water monitoring program uses a media-based, cross-program approach to analyze water condition. An updated monitoring strategy (2015-2020) is now available. Compliance with Clean Water Act fishable, swimmable standards are located in the Executive Summary of Water Condition in 2018. See also the 'monitoring and projects' tab.
Wisconsin's Water Quality Standards provide qualitative and quantitative goals for waters that are protective of Fishable, Swimmable conditions [Learn more]. Waters that do not meet water quality standards are considered impaired and restoration actions are planned and carried out until the water is once again fishable and swimmable
Management goals can include creation or implementation of a Total Maximum Daily Load analysis, a Nine Key Element Plan, or other restoration work, education and outreach and more. If specific recommendations exist for this water, they will be displayed below online.
Monitoring the condition of a river, stream, or lake includes gathering physical, chemical, biological, and habitat data. Comprehensive studies often gather all these parameters in great detail, while lighter assessment events will involve sampling physical, chemical and biological data such as macroinvertebrates. Aquatic macroinvertebrates and fish communities integrate watershed or catchment condition, providing great insight into overall ecosystem health. Chemical and habitat parameters tell researchers more about human induced problems including contaminated runoff, point source dischargers, or habitat issues that foster or limit the potential of aquatic communities to thrive in a given area. Wisconsin's Water Monitoring Strategy was recenty updated.
Maunesha Flowage is located in the Maunesha River watershed which is 126.02 mi². Land use in the watershed is primarily agricultural (65.60%), wetland (11.80%) and a mix of grassland (10.90%) and other uses (11.70%). This watershed has 214.16 stream miles, 73.72 lake acres and 9,637.67 wetland acres.
This watershed is ranked Low for runoff impacts on streams, Low for runoff impacts on lakes and High for runoff impacts on groundwater and therefore has an overall rank of High. This value can be used in ranking the watershed or individual waterbodies for grant funding under state and county programs.However, all waters are affected by diffuse pollutant sources regardless of initial water quality. Applications for specific runoff projects under state or county grant programs may be pursued. For more information, go to surface water program grants.
Waterloo Millpond is considered a Impounded Flowing Water under the state's Natural Community Determinations.
Natural communities (stream and lake natural communities) represent model resultsand DNR staff valiation processes that confirm or update predicted conditions based on flow and temperature modeling from historic and current landscape features and related variables. Predicated flow and temperatures for waters are associated predicated fish assemblages (communities). Biologists evaluate the model results against current survey data to determine if the modeled results are corect and whether biological indicators show water quaity degradation. This analysis is a core component of the state's resource management framework. Wisconsin's Riverine Natural Communities.
This classification includes waterbodies created by dams (mill ponds, reservoirs, flowages, and other impoundments) with a residence time of 14 days or more
(under summer (June – Sept) mean low flow conditions with a 1 in 10 year recurrence interval (US EPA 2000)). Many natural lakes also have dams or water level control structures. However, to be included in the Impounded Flowing Waters category, the dam or water level control structure, must account for more than half of a waterbody's maximum depth. Impoundments with a residence time of less than 14 days should be covered under the rivers and stream assessment methodology process.
The Official Internet site for the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources


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The singer took to the comment section of a blog (Instablog9ja) which had posted Burna Boy's message to Blac Chyna about her alleged plans to sell her bleaching cream products.
According to Dencia, Burna Boy only promotes drugs and can't afford to hang out with Blac Chyna.
"So that nigga came out of his drug-induced coma instead of taking a shower to clean up his fart/Cig smelling looking ass he had time to talk about a woman? Hahaha for someone who promotes drug culture ♀u can't even afford to be in the same Zip code as her sis Burna cuz only girls act like u, u can't afford her ass if she had to shake it, stick to the druggies on the side streets u are use to. Sending love & light ur way on this thanks giving we are thankful u making it alive living this high life,"
She went on to accuse the music star of his silence when other companies launched their products in the country.
"I didn't see this energy when fair and white launched their products In Nigeria, the then NAFDAC boss even attended, blogs who posted it wanna talk poo now. Whew, Chile the hypocrisy, wait nvm fair and white is white owned," she concluded.


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School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Pulau Penang, Malaysia
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Received:07 Mar 2017 Revised and Accepted: 19 May 2017
Objective: To develop and validate a stability-indicating reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for the determination of colchicine in bulk and ethosomal gel nano-formulation.
Methods: The chromatographic conditions were optimized using stainless steel Hypersil Gold C-18 analytical column with the dimensions of 250 mm x 4.6 mm ID x 5 µm. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and ammonium acetate buffer (20 mmol/l, pH=4.85) in the ratio of 32:68 v/v. The flow rate was set at 1 ml/min and the detection wavelength was 353 nm. The column was maintained at 30 °C and the injection volume was 10 µl. The stability of colchicine in different conditions was investigated by exposing the drug to stress degradation using acid, base, oxidation, heat and light.
Results: There was no interference from excipients, impurities, dissolution media or degradation products at the retention time of colchicine 5.9 min indicating the specificity of the method. The limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) were 8.64 ng/ml and 26.17 ng/ml respectively. The drug showed good stability under heat, acid, oxidation and light, but substantial degradation was observed under alkali condition. The procedure was validated for specificity, linearity, accuracy and precision.
Conclusion: A simple, rapid, specific and stability-indicating HPLC–UV method for the determination of colchicine in the pure and ethosomal gel was successfully developed. The developed method was statistically confirmed to be accurate, precise, and reproducible.
Keywords: Colchicine, Ethosomal gel, HPLC-UV, Specificity
© 2017 The Authors. Published by Innovare Academic Sciences Pvt Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i7.18336
Colchicine (N-[(7S)-1,2,3,10-Tetramethoxy-9-oxo-5,6,7,9-tetra-hydrobenzo[a]heptalen-7-yl]acetamide) has a molecular weight of 399.437, and the molecular formula C22H25NO6 is shown in fig 1 [1]. It is a potent alkaloid obtained from the dried corns and seeds of plants of the genus Colchicum which belong to Liliaceae family. Among this family, the commonly used plants are Colchicum autumnale "meadow saffron" and Colchicum autumn crocus [2-4].
Colchicine has been used for the treatment of acute gout since more than 2000 y ago. It was also used to treat pseudogout and familial Mediterranean fever for several decades. It is highly effective in the treatment of acute gout, especially when given in the first 12–36 h of the gouty attack [3]. However, colchicine for the treatment of acute gout was only approved by the United States food and drug administration (FDA) in 2009, although colchicine tablets have been prescribed in the United States since the 19th century [5].
Fig. 1: The chemical structure of colchicine [1]
Ethosomal nanocarriers are lipid based vesicular systems, especially designed for the delivery of therapeutic agents dermally/ transdermally. Numerous ethosomal gels of highly diverse therapeutic agents have been developed and the interest in these formulations is increasing, and they are attracting the attention of many researchers [6-8]. Thus, the need for accurate, simple and sensitive analytical methods to quantify and evaluate the release behaviour of drugs from these formulations is also increasing.
The first few analytical methods developed for the determination of colchicine were involving colorimetric, fluorometric assay, radioimmunoassay, and thin layer chromatography-densitometry methods [9-13]. Based on the literature review, only few methods involving the high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection are available for determination of colchicine in pharmaceutical formulations [12, 14-17]. Other HPLC-UV methods are reported to detect and quantify the drug in biological fluids and samples [14, 18-21]. Several methods using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry or tandem mass spectrometry, and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry were also reported to determine colchicine in different biological fluids [22-28], but these methods are time-consuming, complicated, and expensive in comparison to a simple HPLC-UV method. To the best of our knowledge, until now there is no stability indicating HPLC-UV method for the determination of colchicine has been developed. The aim of this study is to develop a simple, rapid, specific and stability-indicating HPLC-UV method for detection and quantification of colchicine in bulk and ethosomal gel formulation. In this work, the linearity range of the calibration curve was extended to make the method suitable for the assay, and also for the in vitro release studies of the drug from the prepared ethosomal gel formulation. The method was validated as per the international conference on harmonization of technical requirements for registration of pharmaceuticals for human use (ICH) guidelines [29].
Chemicals and reagents
Colchicine (purity>97) was purchased from Acros organics, New Jersey, USA. Acetonitrile (HPLC grade) was purchased from J. T. Baker, Phillipsburg, USA. Ammonium acetate was bought from Bendosen laboratory chemicals, Norway.
Glacial acetic acid was obtained from QRëC, Selangor, Malaysia. Phospholipon 90G® was generously donated by Lipoid LLC, New Jersey, USA. Tween 20® was purchased from R and M chemicals, Essex, UK. Carbopol 940® was a kind gift from Lubrizol Corporation, Ohio, USA. Absolute ethanol (purity ~ 99.7) was bought from Fine Chemicals Inc., USA. Ultrapure water was prepared by Elga Purelab classic UVF water purification system, France. All other organic solvents and chemicals used were either of analytical reagent or of the high-performance liquid chromatography grade.
The HPLC system was comprised of a Shimadzu (VP series, Kyoto, Japan) pump (LC-20AT VP) with solvent cabinet, a degasser (DGU-20A3), a column oven (CTO-10S VP), an auto-injector (SIL20A HT VP), UV/VIS detector (SPD-20AD VP) and a computer software (LabSolutions® Version 5.30 SP1).
Chromatographic conditions
The chromatographic separation was performed using a Hypersil Gold C-18 analytical column with the dimensions of 250 mm x 4.6 mm ID x 5 µm, Fisher Scientific, USA. The flow rate was set at 1 ml/min and detection wavelength was 353 nm. The column was maintained at 30 °C and an injection volume of 10 µl was used. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile: ammonium acetate buffer (20 mmol/l, pH=4.85) (32:68v/v), then it was filtered through nylon membrane filter 0.45 µm (47 mm) and degassed before use.
Preparation of stock solution, calibration standards and quality control samples
A primary standard stock solution of colchicine (200 000 ng/ml) was prepared by dissolving 4 mg of colchicine powder in 20 ml of the mobile phase, the solution was then vortexed and sonicated for 5 min. The standard stock solution was further diluted with the mobile phase to obtain a working standard solution of 60 000 ng/ml. Solutions for the calibration were prepared by diluting the working standard solution with the mobile phase to give concentrations in the range of 40 to 8000 ng/ml. Three concentrations for the quality control (QC) were prepared at a low, medium and high concentration of 1000, 4000 and 7000 ng/ml, respectively.
Preparation of the ethosomal gel nano-formulation
The ethosomal gel was prepared using the cold method [6]. Briefly, Phospholipon 90G® and Tween 20® were taken in a small round bottom flask and solubilized with ethanol under mixing with a magnetic stirrer. Colchicine containing aqueous phase was added slowly with continuous stirring to obtain the ethosomal system formulation. The ethosomal system was further subjected to extrusion to get the nano-sized vesicles and then incorporated into Carbopol 940® gel base by manual mixing. Blank ethosomal gel formulation is identical to colchicine ethosomal gel but contains no colchicine, was prepared using the same preparation method as the colchicine ethosomal gel nano-formulation.
System suitability studies
The system suitability test was performed to verify reproducibility and the good performance of the chromate-graphic system. The chromatographic parameters, such as, theoretical plates (N), height equivalent to the theoretical plate (HETP) and tailing factor (T) were calculated as per the United States pharmacopoeia (USP) and checked at the three QC concentrations in six injection replicates.
The possibility of interferences from mobile phase, ethosomal gel excipients and dissolution media at the retention time of colchicine was assessed by comparing the chromatograms obtained from the standard colchicine solution, mobile phase, blank ethosomal gel formulation, and the in vitro release dissolution media (phosphate buffer saline pH=6.4).
Stress degradation studies
Stress degradation study of the drug helps to identify the degradation products, the stability of the molecule and specificity of the analytical procedure. Stress degradation studies under the conditions of acid, base, oxidation, heat and light as per the ICH guidelines [29] were performed on four solutions, namely: colchicine in standard solution and in the ethosomal gel formulation (sample) in addition to the mobile phase and the blank ethosomal gel. Colchicine standard solution of 6000 ng/ml was prepared and used for the study. Colchicine ethosomal gel sample (0.5 g) was dispersed in 20 ml ultrapure water. Then the required volume was taken and diluted with the mobile phase to get the final concentration of 6000 ng/ml. This method was also used to prepare the blank ethosomal gel sample. The mobile phase was used as it is.
Acid and alkali degradation studies
For acid degradation study, two sets of four 10 ml flasks were filled in with 1 ml of colchicine standard, colchicine ethosomal gel, blank ethosomal gel or mobile phase, respectively. Subsequently, 1 ml of 0.5 mol/l HCl was added to all the flasks. The solutions in the first set were neutralized immediately with 1 ml of 0.5 mol/l NaOH, the mobile phase was added up to 10 ml and served as zero hour samples. The solutions in the second set were left on the bench at room temperature (25±2 °C/65 % relative humidity) for 24 h, then neutralized by the same way and the mobile phase was added up to 10 ml and served as 24 h samples. All the samples were injected in triplicate. For the alkali degradation study, a similar procedure was used, but 1 ml of 0.5 mol/l NaOH was added to each flask instead of 1 ml of 0.5 mol/l HCl and the neutralization procedure was done using 0.5 mol/l HCl.
Oxidative hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) degradation
Two sets of four 10 ml flasks were filled in with 1 ml of colchicine standard, colchicine ethosomal gel, blank ethosomal gel or mobile phase, respectively. Subsequently, 1 ml of 3 % H2O2 was added to all the flasks. The solutions in the first set were immediately added with mobile phase up to 10 ml and served as zero hour samples. The solutions in the second set were left on the bench at room temperature (25±2 °C/65 % relative humidity) for 24 h, then mobile phase was added up to 10 ml and served as 24 h samples. All the samples were injected in triplicate.
Heat degradation study
Two sets of four 10 ml flasks were filled in with 1 ml of colchicine standard, colchicine ethosomal gel, blank ethosomal gel or mobile phase, respectively. The solutions in the first set were immediately added with mobile phase up to 10 ml and served as zero hour samples. The solutions in the second set were heated in a water bath at 80 °C for 2 h, then mobile phase was added up to 10 ml and served as 2 h samples. All the samples were injected in triplicate.
Light degradation
Two sets of four 10 ml flasks were filled in with 1 ml of colchicine standard, colchicine ethosomal gel, blank ethosomal gel or mobile phase, respectively. The solutions in the first set were immediately added with the mobile phase up to 10 ml and served as zero hour samples. The solutions in the second set were stored in a UV cabinet (365 nm) for 24 h, then mobile phase was added up to 10 ml and served as 24 h samples. All samples were injected in triplicate.
Method validation
In order for the present HPLC method to be suitable for the assay, content uniformity and in vitro release tests, the range of linearity was extended to be in the range of around 0.5 to 130 % of the target concentration of the drug (6000 ng/ml). Accordingly, the calibration curve was prepared using six solutions of colchicine at concentrations of 40, 100, 500, 2000, 5000 and 8000 ng/ml. Each solution was injected in triplicate. The standard calibration curves for concentration versus peak area were constructed. The homoscedasticity assumption of the linear regression was tested by performing the (F-test) and the linearity was evaluated by weighted least squares regression analysis [30].
Precision and accuracy
Three levels of quality control (QC) samples of colchicine namely low, medium and high concentrations of 1000, 4000 and 7000 ng/ml were prepared from the stock solution and used to determine the method precision and accuracy. For intra-day precision and accuracy, three sets of standard solutions were injected on the same day. For inter-day precision and accuracy, three sets of standard solutions were injected over six consecutive days. Precision is defined as the percentage of the relative standard deviation (%RSD) and calculated by dividing the standard deviation of the calculated concentration by the mean value. While accuracy was presented as the relative percentage of error (%RE) and calculated by dividing the difference between calculated and nominal concentrations of the standard solution with the nominal concentration of the standard solution.
Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ)
The LOD is the lowest amount of analyte that can be detected in a sample, whereas the LOQ is the lowest amount of the analyte that can be quantified in a sample with acceptable accuracy and precision [31]. These were determined by serial dilutions of colchicine stock solutions in order to obtain a signal to noise (S/N) ratio of at least 3.3:1 for LOD and 10:1 for LOQ.
The robustness of the developed method was evaluated by deliberately making slight changes in the optimized value of the chromatographic conditions. The evaluated variables were namely: detector wavelength (±2 nm), pH (±0.2), the composition of the mobile phase (±1 v/v), flow rate (±0.1 ml/min) and oven temperature (±2 °C). Colchicine concentration of 4000 ng/ml was used to perform the study. Colchicine peak areas and the %RSD of robustness testing under these conditions were calculated in all cases and the obtained data were analyzed statistically.
Stock solution stability
The stock solution of colchicine (200 000 ng/ml) was kept for 24 h at room temperature (25±2 °C). The stock solution was then diluted to a concentration within the standard calibration curve range of 4000 ng/ml. The responses at 24 h were compared with that of freshly prepared samples at zero hours.
Quantification of colchicine content in the ethosomal gel
Colchicine ethosomal gel (0.5 g) was dispersed in 20 ml of ultrapure water under continuous mixing with a magnetic stirrer for 60 min. The solution was then sonicated in an ultrasonic bath (Branson 5510, USA) for 10 min. A suitable aliquot was removed and diluted with the mobile phase to get the final nominal concentration of 6000 ng/ml and subjected to chromatographic analysis. The drug peak area was referred to the regression equation to get the sample concentration.
Recovery of colchicine
The blank ethosomal gel formulation (0.5 g) was dispersed in 20 ml of ultrapure water, and then 1.2 mg of colchicine (as this amount is equivalent to the amount of colchicine that should be contained in 0.5 g of the colchicine ethosomal gel) was added to the solution under continuous mixing with a magnetic stirrer. The solution was then sonicated in an ultrasonic bath for 10 min.
Then 1 ml of this solution was diluted with the mobile phase in a 10 ml volumetric flask and filtered with 0.45 µm pore size nylon filter to give a final nominal concentration of 6000 ng/ml. The sample of 10 µl was injected into the HPLC system. The drug peak area was referred to the regression equation to calculate the recovery. The analysis was done in triplicate.
All the statistical tests of the developed method including the weighted linear regression analysis of the calibration curves, the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and a post hoc Tukey's HSD (honest significant difference) were performed using Minitab® software to analyze the results of the robustness and stock solution stability studies. The difference was statistically significant when p<0.05 and all values were expressed as mean±SD.
System suitability studies
The results of retention time, tailing factor (T), theoretical plates (N), and a height equivalent to the theoretical plate (HETP), of the method at three QC concentrations, are shown in table 1. The peak retention time was about 5.9 min, the average theoretical plate was >4500 and the tailing factor was <2, which means that the method met the requirements stated in the United States pharmacopeia [1].
Table 1: Results of system suitability studies of quality control samples of colchicine
|Conc. (ng/ml)
|Retention timea
amean±SD, n = 6; T: Tailing factor; N: Theoretical plate number; HETP: Height equivalent to the theoretical plate.
Fig. 2 shows the representative chromatograms of the mobile phase (A), standard solution of colchicine at a concentration of 6000 ng/ml (B), blank ethosomal gel (C), colchicine ethosomal gel at a concentration of 6000 ng/ml (D) and phosphate buffer saline pH=6.4 for the in vitro dissolution media (E). The chromatogram of the colchicine loaded ethosomal gel (fig. 2, D) showed a peak and retention time (5.9 min) similar to colchicine standard solution (fig. 2, B). No interference from mobile phase, blank ethosomal gel formulation (excipients) and the dissolution media were detected at the retention time of colchicine (fig. 2, A, C and E) indicating that the method is highly selective and specific in relation to the medium and excipients used in this study.
Stress degradation studies
The results of the stress degradation studies (acid, alkali, oxidation, heat and light) for the standard solution and the ethosomal gel formulation are shown in table 2. The chromatograms of the stressed standard colchicine solution and colchicine ethosomal gel formulation after 24 h under the different stress conditions are shown in fig. 3 and 4. The drug showed good stability under heat, acid, oxidation and light, but substantial degradation was observed under the alkali condition (fig. 3, B and fig. 4, B). The percentage of drug in the standard solution and ethosomal gel was reduced significantly to 1.63±0.04 and 1.48±0.02 after 24 h, respectively.
Fig. 2: Chromatograms of A: Mobile phase, B: Standard colchicine solution (6000 ng/ml), C: Blank ethosomal gel, D: Colchicine ethosomal gel (6000 ng/ml), E: Phosphate buffer saline solution
Table 2: Results of the stress degradation studies
|Stress degradation studies' results for the standard colchicine solution at 0 and 24h
|Forced degradation condition
|Time (h)
|Remaining drug (%)a
|Time (h)
|Remaining drug (%)a
|Acid (0.5 mol/l HCl)
|Base (0.5 mol/l NaOH)
|Oxidation (3 % H2O2)
|Light (365 nm)
|Heat (80 °C)
|Stress degradation studies' results for the colchicine loaded ethosomal gel formulation at 0 and 24h
|Forced degradation condition
|Time (h)
|Remaining drug (%)a
|Time (h)
|Remaining drug (%)a
|Acid (0.5 mol/l HCl)
|Base (0.5 mol/l NaOH)
|Oxidation (3 % H2O2)
|Light (365 nm)
|Heat (80 °C)
amean±SD, n = 3.
Fig. 3: Chromatograms of stressed standard colchicine solution under A: Acid (0.5 mol/l HCl after 24 h), B: Base (0.5 mol/l NaOH after 24 h), C: Oxidation (3 % H2O2 after 24 h), D: Light (365 nm after 24 h), E: Heat (80 °C after 2 h)
Fig. 4: Chromatograms of the stressed colchicine ethosomal gel samples under A: Acid (0.5 mol/l HCl after 24 h), B: Base (0.5 mol/l NaOH after 24 h), C: Oxidation: (3 % H2O2 after 24 h), D: Light (365 nm after 24 h), E: Heat (80 °C after 2 h)
The results of the variance test (F-test) confirmed the presence of hetero scedasticity (i.e. F (experimental)>F (tabulated)). So weighted linear regression was applied using the following weighting factors (wi) 1, 1/x, 1/x2, 1/x1/2, 1/y, 1/y2 and 1/y1/2. The best regression model and weighting factor were selected by comparing the sum of absolute percentage relative error (%RE) values of all models and the results are shown in table 3. A regression model with a weighting factor of 1/x2 was chosen as it showed the least sum of the %RE across the whole concentration range. The linear regression equation was y= 27.093x+53.1 with a correlation coefficient of 0.9998.
Table 3: Weighted least squares regression analysis
|Mean R2
amean±SD, n=3; wi: Weighting factor; a: Slope of regression line; b: Intercept of regression line; R2: Correlation coefficient; RE: Relative error.
Precision and accuracy
The obtained results of the Intra-day and inter-day precision and accuracy are shown in table 4. The intra-day precision for colchicine ranged between 0.04 % and 0.15 %, while the accuracy was between -0.04 % and 0.39 %. The inter-day precision ranged between 0.14 % and 0.24 %, while the accuracy was between 0.09 % and 0.39 %. The data showed a good degree of precision and accuracy of the method and within the ±2 % range recommended by the United States pharmacopeia [1].
Table 4: Results of intra-day and inter-day precision and accuracy
|Theoretical conc. (ng/ml)
|Found conc. (ng/ml)a
|Precision (%RSD)
|Accuracy (%RE)
|Found conc.(ng/ml)a
|Precision (%RSD)
|Accuracy (%RE)
amean±SD, n = 6.
Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ)
The LOD and LOQ of colchicine in the present method were found to be 8.64 ng/ml and 26.17 ng/ml, respectively.
The results of robustness study are presented in table 5. The statistical tests showed that the variations in the pH of the mobile phase and oven temperature did not significantly affect the peak area or the retention time.
On the other hand, the variation in the wavelength of the detection, and flow rate caused significant variations in the peak area and retention time, while the variation in mobile phase composition of acetonitrile did not influence the peak area, but caused significant shifting in the retention time.
Table 5: Analysis of method robustness using colchicine at a concentration of 4000 ng/ml
|Mean areaa±SD
|Mean retention time (min)a±SD
|Detector wavelength (nm)
|pH of the mobile phase
|Mobile phase composition (v/v)
|Flow rate (ml/min)
|Temperature (⁰C)
amean±SD, n=3.
Stock solution stability
The results showed that the percentage of colchicine remained after 24 h kept at room temperature (25±2 °C) was 100.3±0.2 %. There was no statistical difference in peak area between the samples measured at zero time and after 24 h at (25±2 °C), indicating that the stock solution was stable for at least 24 h at room temperature.
Quantification of colchicine content in the ethosomal gel
Colchicine content in the ethosomal gel formulation was found to be 99.86 %.
Recovery studies of colchicine in the ethosomal gel
The experiment was conducted to determine the accuracy of the present method for the quantification of colchicine sample. The recovery of colchicine was calculated from the slope and the intercept of the calibration curve drawn in the concentration range of 40–8000 ng/ml. The percentage recovery of colchicine ranged between 99.54 % and 99.76 % in the ethosomal gel formulation sample.
In the development of an HPLC method, the separation of analyte should be optimized at a pH where the retention time of analyte is the least affected by pH changes. Accordingly, the buffer pH should be selected at least±1 pH units from the pKa of the analyte. This is to ensure that the analyte is 100% ionized or 100% non-ionized at the selected pH for obtaining reproducible retention time of the analyte. Since the pKa of colchicine is 1.85, thus in the early stages of method development, the pH value of 3.85 was studied. However, this pH is highly acidic and may damage certain HPLC columns that cannot tolerate such a low pH value. Therefore, a higher pH value was tried (4.85), and found that there was no significant difference in peak area of both tested pH values (i.e. 3.85 and 4.85). Accordingly, the pH value of 4.85 was selected as the optimized pH value of the method.
The solubility of the salt used in mobile phase composition should be considered in developing an HPLC method, especially if acetonitrile (the commonly used organic solvent) is present in the mobile phase. In comparison to other studies [16-18, 20], ammonium acetate buffer was selected in this study as it is more soluble in acetonitrile than phosphate buffers. Phosphate buffers may precipitate when mixed with acetonitrile, and this will affect the function of the column and the HPLC device.
Different oven temperatures of 25, 30, 35 and 40 °C were also studied during the optimization of the method. The temperature of 30 °C was found to be the optimum oven temperature as good separation, peak shape and area were obtained.
Several HPLC-UV methods for the quantification of colchicine in pharmaceuticals or biological fluids have been published [12, 14-21]. However, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first developed stability indicating HPLC-UV method for detection and quantification of colchicine. The results of the stress degradation studies confirmed the high specificity of the method for colchicine and revealed that colchicine is highly susceptible to alkali degradation and this might be attributed to the acidic nature of the drug (pKa = 1.85).
The extended linearity range (0.5 to 130 %) made the method suitable for the assay, content uniformity and in vitro release tests. The LOD (8.64 ng/ml) and LOQ (26.17 ng/ml) obtained in the present study were the lowest values among the previously published methods for the quantification of colchicine in pharmaceutical formulations [12, 14-17]. The intra and inter-day accuracy and precision were <1 %, reflecting the high accuracy of the protocol, and that it is meeting the United States pharmacopeia recommendations [1].
A sensitive, simple, specific and stability indicating HPLC–UV method for determination of colchicine in bulk and ethosomal gel nano-formulation was successfully developed. The Statistical analysis confirmed that the method was accurate, precise, and reproducible. No peaks interferences with colchicine by the formulation excipients, diluents, dissolution media or degradation products were detected. Colchicine was found to be stable against acid, oxidation, heat and light, but it is highly susceptible to alkali degradation. The method could be used for the routine assay, content uniformity, and the in vitro release studies of colchicine from the ethosomal gel nano-formulation.
The authors would like to thank Universiti Sains Malaysia for providing research university grant (1001/PFarmasi/811285) to support this work. The author (Ibrahim M. Abdulbaqi) gratefully acknowledges Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia for awarding of the graduate assistantship.
The authors declare no conflict of interest
The United States Pharmacopoeia and National Formulary. 38th ed. The United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Rockville, MD, USA; 2015. p. 2934-5.
Echteld IV, Wechalekar MD, Schlesinger N, Buchbinder R, Aletaha D. Colchicine for acute gout. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014;8:1-41.
Terkeltaub RA. Colchicine update: 2008. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2009;38:411-9.
Naseri A, Karami M, Nadoushan MJ. Failing of information transmission by dorsal hippocampus due to microinjection of colchicine in rat's cortical area 1. Asian J Pharm Clin Res 2015;4:160-3.
Kesselheim AS, Solomon DH. Incentives for the drug development the curious case of colchicine. N Engl J Med 2010;362:2045-7.
Abdulbaqi IM, Darwis Y, Khan NAK, Assi RA, Khan AA. Ethosomal nanocarriers: the impact of constituents and formulation techniques on ethosomal properties, in vivo studies, and clinical trials. Int J Nanomed 2016;11:2279-304.
Shaji J, Garude S. Transethosomes and ethosomes for enhanced transdermal delivery of ketorolac tromethamine: a comparative assessment. Int J Curr Pharm Res 2014;6:88-93.
Toppo FA, Pawar RS. Novel drug delivery strategies and approaches for wound healing managements. J Crit Rev 2015;2:12-20.
Fleischmann W, Price HG, Fleischmann SK. Fate of intraperitoneally administered colchicine in the Mongolian gerbil. Pharmacology 1967;17:323-6.
Arai T, Okuyama T. Fluorometric assay of the tubulin-colchicine complex. Anal Biochem 1975;69:443-50.
Boudene C, Duprey F, Bohuon C. Radioimmunoassay of colchicine. Biochem J 1975;151:413-5.
Sarg TM, El-Domiaty MM, Bishr MM, Salama OM, El-Gindy AR. Thin-layer chromatographic scanner, spectrophotometric and high-performance liquid chromatographic methods for the determination of colchicine. Analyst 1989;114:575-8.
Bodoki E, Oprean R, Vlase L, Tamas M, Sandulescu R. Fast determination of colchicine by TLC-densitometry from pharmaceuticals and vegetal extracts. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2005;37:971-7.
Samanidou VF, Sarantis GA, Papadoyannis IN. Development and validation of a rapid HPLC method for the direct determination of colchicine in pharmaceuticals and biological fluids. J Liq Chromatogr Relat Technol 2006;29:1-13.
Nirmala K, Raju RR. A novel method development for validation and detection of colchicine drug by RP-HPLC. Rasayan J Chem 2012;5:106-11.
Hadad GM, Badr JM, El-Nahriry K, Hassanean HA. Validated HPLC and HPTLC methods for simultaneous determination of colchicine and khellin in pharmaceutical formulations. J Chromatogr Sci 2013;51:258-65.
Chandrethiya GD, Shelat PK, Zaveri MN. RP-HPLC method development and validation for estimation of colchicine in gelatin nanoparticles formulation. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2013;5 Suppl 1:228-31
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Fernandez P, Bermejo AM, Tabernero MJ, López-Rivadulla M, Cruz A. Determination of colchicine in biological fluids by reverse-phase HPLC. Variation of colchicine levels in rats. Forensic Sci Int 1993;59:15-8.
Chen QH, Hou S, Gan LC, Li YB, Song X, Cai Z. Determination of colchicine in mouse plasma by a high-performance liquid chromatographic method with UV detection and its application to pharmacokinetic studies. Yakugaku Zasshi 2007;127:1485-90.
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How to cite this article
Ibrahim M Abdulbaqi, Yusrida Darwis, Nurzalina Abdul Karim Khan, Reem Abou Assi, Gabriel Onn Kit Loh. A simple (HPLC–UV) method for the quantification of colchicine in bulk and ethosomal gel nano-formulation and its validation. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2017;9(7):72-78.


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Jan 27 – Back
Ready to hit it today. Wanted some extra cardio, as I was not so tight with the diet this weekend, bleh.
Made it to Spin for a 6 AM class! It was tough! Lots of heavy seated climbs punctuated with quick jumps. At least I had a good view: of the ladies kettlebell class nearby 🙂
Rough day at work, it just stresses me out. You know, it's like you want a life where you give 50% to your job, and 50% to your life, and if you go through a period where your life demands a greater cut, then you want to pull back a bit at work. Instead I have a day right now where work is stressful and I am trying to lose weight and get more fit. So my Life demands 60% of my mental energy and my Job demands 60% of my mental energy and I am just not making ends meet. It's a major pain in the ass. But I am committed to this weight loss, I just wish work would just please crawl OUT of my ass for a while. Ideally would love to sleepwalk through my job and be mentally in the gym 24/7.
Showed up at the personal trainers after work to sweat it out some more. Took my [b]Primer[/b] pack 2.5 h before workout with food, and took 3 caps [b]Rocket Science[/b] 30 min before workout.
warmup 15 min elliptical, varying resistance
Australian Pullups (less than 30 sec rest)
10, 10, 10, 10, 10
notes: Honestly, I would just rather do regular pullups, assisted or just negatives or whathaveyou. But I have learned to just do what my trainer tells me, and take my brain out of it. So I tried to focus on engaging my lats and taking my arms out of it and getting a good squeeze. So don't judge me on the pic, haha!
Seated Widegrip Row (sitting on ground, 30-45 sec rest)
160 x 12 200 x 12 220 x 12 260 x 12 300 x 12 340 x 12
notes: This machine felt light, or maybe I get stronger when my butt is on the ground, I don't know. At any rate, we kept going heavier and heavier without really slowing down.
Free Cable Widegrip Pulldown (30 sec rest)
180 x 12 200 x 10 200 x 10 200 x 10 200 x 10
notes: I had a tough time NOT leaning back, so my trainer at one point jammed her knee into my back to keep me upright.
One Arm Standing Cable Row (less than 30 sec rest)
90 x 10/10 100 x 10/10 110 x 10/10 110 x 10/10
notes: Fast-paced and heavy!
Finisher: Straight Arm Pulldown (no rest, just change the weight and keep going)
50 x 50 UP 70 x 30 DROP 60 x 20
notes: My form is always rough on these, so I am glad to have the trainer keep correcting me.
The whole workout took 40 min, score! Fast and nasty.
20 min on the elliptical, varying resistance
And that was that! A really draining day, looking forward to bed!


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A System of Universal Geography, or a Description of all the Parts of the World, on a new Plan, According to the Great Natural Divisions of the Globe, Accompanied with Analytical, Synoptical, and Elementary Tables (Three Volumes)
Boston: Samuel Walker, 1834. Quarto. In three volumes with additions and corrections by James G. Percival, embellished with a complete atlas and a series of beautiful engravings. Collated finding 3 frontispieces, 3 engraved title pages and 3 regular title pages, 39 engraved plates of which two are folding and 28..... More


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5052 is the highest strength alloy of the more common non heat-treatable grades. Fatigue strength is higher than most aluminum alloys. In addition, this grade has particularly good resistance to marine atmosphere and salt water corrosion. It has excellent workability. It may be drawn or formed into intricate shapes and its slightly greater strength in the annealed condition minimizes tearing that occurs in 1100 and 3003. Applications: Used in a wide variety of applications from aircraft components to home appliances, marine and transportation industry parts, heavy duty cooking utensils and equipment for bulk processing of food.
Mill Finish Interleaved
Unit of Measure
Specifications | Typical Mechanical Properties | Comparative Characteristics and Applications | Aluminum Alloy Designations
Typical Mechanical Properties
Comparative Characteristics and Applications
Aluminum Alloy Designations


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I Do Not Care If We Go Down in History as BarbariansImi este indiferent daca in istorie vom intra ca barbari
Directed by: Radu Jude
Cinema program "I Do Not Care If We Go Down in History as Barbarians" in Toruń
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"I Do Not Care If We Go Down in History as Barbarians"
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Original title: Imi este indiferent daca in istorie vom intra ca barbari
Runtime: 140 min.
Production: Rumunia/Niemcy/Bułgaria/Francja/Czechy , 2018
Release Date: 27 September 2019
Distribution: Aurora Films
Directed by: Radu Jude
Cast: Ioana Iacob, Alex Bogdan, Alexandru Dabija
"I don't care if we go down in history as barbarians." These words, spoken by Marshal Ion Antonescu in the Romanian Council of Ministers in the summer of 1941, began "self-cleaning actions" carried out together with Germany in Bessarabia and Transnistria.
The story revolves around the young theater director Marianna Marin, who is trying to reconstruct the capture of Odessa in 1941 by the Romanian army, when a huge bomb exploded after the city was seized (radio-fired by the NKVD), and the hecatomb of the Jewish population became the effect.
The ambitious and inquisitive artist, however, meets with ostracism on the part of her own actors, as well as pressure from the local official Movila.
Movie trailer: I Do Not Care If We Go Down in History as Barbarians
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zetka 15. October 2019, 5:27
To nie jest kino rozrywkowe. Obejrzenie filmu wymaga dużo cierpliwości i aktywności intelektu.Jednak obejrzeć warto.Pokazuje niechlubne karty z historii Rumunii lat II wojny światowej. Kino rozrachunkowe.
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Democrat Debate Translated into American
Satire by John W. Lillpop
Because the format of the latest Democrat debate was based on racial profiling and pandering to illegal aliens, hundreds of millions of decent American citizens were unable to understand the words of wisdom and wit that flowed from the 10 least qualified presidential candidates in U.S. history.
For the benefit of those who do not, cannot, and never will speak Spanish, fret not. All that you really missed is proof positive that this crop of liberal misfits is made up of double talking traitors who can lie in two languages!
As a service to real Americans who speak real American, the debate transcripts have been analyzed. A sampling of the most frequent answers from the Democrats follows:
* George Bush's 'surge' has failed. The Iraq war has been lost.
* There are no 'illegal' human beings, except for Republicans named Bush and Cheney.
* Elvira Arellano should be escorted back into the U.S., given full citizenship rights, and elected to the U.S. Senate to replace John Warner and or Chuck Hagel.
* Deportations must cease, except for Hispanic Republicans who should be shipped out regardless of immigration status.
* Comprehensive immigration reform is needed to bring millions of undocumented Americans out of the shadows where they will be free to join the Democrat party and vote Democrat for life.
* General Petraeus, You Betrayed Us!
* George Bush lied, People Died!
There you go--the eight most common declarations from the liberal nut cases who would, given the chance, cut $450 billion out of the defense and homeland security budgets and use the money to pay for public services for illegal aliens.
That is Loco, in any language!


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Hello Beautiful Thinkers,
Write a poem about your favorite or least favorite superstition. Are you a superstitious person in general? Do you believe in the rituals and circumstances of these ideas. What is it that attracts you to or repels you from this particular belief? Do you truly believe in the superstition? Or is it just an idea to you? Do you know where this superstition started?
Keep Dreaming Beautiful Thinkers,
The Boy In The Heart Shades


text:
Georgia Tech's preseason practice Wednesday was not one for coach Paul Johnson to relish. In full pads on a day when the high in Atlanta was 91 degrees with humidity that made it feel even hotter, the offense was not up to Johnson's liking.
"I think it was hot, and we had a big case of feeling sorry for ourselves," Johnson said following the practice, Tech's sixth of the season, its second day in full pads.
Johnson said that the defense played with more energy than the offense.
"The offense was awful," he said.
To this point, Johnson has seemed satisfied with what he has seen on the practice field. He said Monday that "I think guys have pushed through."
But not Wednesday, at least for the offense. Offensive lineman Jahaziel Lee said the offense was not focused.
"But I know (Thursday), we've got to pick it up because it's less than a month before we play our first game," he said. "We really have to bring intensity and start being more consistent, especially running the ball, because we can't rely on big plays as far as passing."
Johnson didn't quite extol the defense, either.
"I mean, nobody's going to mistake it for the Pittsburgh 'Steel Curtain,'" he said. "But I'm just saying that they had more energy and they were better than the offense."
Johnson deliberately practices the team in the afternoon to have players train in warm conditions to prepare for games such as the second game of the season, Sept. 8 against South Florida, a noon kickoff in Tampa, Fla. He acknowledged the difficulty.
"But that's what they're going to have to play in," he said. "So you have to do it. It's as much mental as it is physical."


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Pierce, Allen lead Celtics past PacersFeb 13, 2008 - 5:47 AM INDIANAPOLIS (Ticker) -- Once again, it was no Kevin Garnett, no problem for the Boston Celtics.
Paul Pierce scored 28 points and grabbed 12 rebounds and Ray Allen chipped in 23 points to lead the Celtics to a 104-97 victory over the Indiana Pacers on Tuesday.
Boston, which has won four in a row and became the first team in the league to reach 40 wins this season, also was playing without starting center Kendrick Perkins, who missed his third straight game with a strained left shoulder.
"That's no excuse for us," Pierce said of playing without the team's two main big men. "We feel like we have to approach every game like we can win it. Until these guys get back, we have to hold down the fort."
Leon Powe added 16 points and nine rebounds and Rajon Rondo finished with 12 points, seven rebounds and seven assists for the Celtics.
"Different guys have been stepping up," Pierce said. "We're trying to find different ways to win ball games."
Boston picked up its sixth win in eight games without Garnett, who will be out until after the All-Star Game with an abdominal strain. Without its All-Star power forward in the lineup, Boston turned to the other two members of the "Big Three" down the stretch.
"That's not the way we want to go for the long term, but we're getting away with it," Celtics coach Doc Rivers said of playing without Garnett. "We just don't make a big deal of it."
The Pacers began the fourth quarter with a 9-2 run to take an 86-84 lead with 9:15 to play. But Pierce and Allen combined to lead the Celtics on a 9-0 run that put them on top, 93-86, with 6:33 remaining.
Allen capped the spurt with a 3-pointer and finished the contest 3-of-8 from the arc.
Indiana cut it to 95-94 on Shawne Williams' jumper with 3:08 remaining, but Boston locked down on defense in the final minutes - holding the Pacers to 1-of-7 shooting.
"This was definitely a winnable game," said Pacers guard Danny Granger, who finished with 18 points, 10 rebounds and five blocks. "We let it get away at the end with a lack of execution and our usual letdown in the stretch."
Powe, who was making his second straight start with Garnett and Perkins out of the lineup, scored 10 of his 16 points in the second half and went 6-of-7 from the free-throw line.
"We've just been trying to hold it down for the big fellas," Powe said. "With both of them out, it takes all of us to get wins."
Powe got the Celtics off on the right foot with a slam dunk for the team's first points of the night. The slam sparked a 10-0 Boston run to start the contest, during which Allen found his stroke - knocking down three shots, including a pair of 3-pointers.
Indiana finished the opening quarter on a 25-11 run to take a 25-21 lead. Troy Murphy, Mike Dunleavy and Granger each scored six points during the spurt.
Boston surged back in the second and took a 51-50 lead into the locker room.
"We couldn't shake them," Rivers said. "(Indiana) played hard throughout and made some big shots."
Pierce took over in the third quarter, scoring 10 points on 4-of-6 shooting as the Celtics stretched the lead to 82-77 heading into the final quarter.
The NBA's top defensive team, Boston held the Pacers to just 41 percent (18-of-44) shooting in the second half and forced 16 turnovers in the contest.
"We broke down at the end as we have in past games," Williams said. "We must execute down the stretch on both ends of the court."
Granger led six players in double figures for Indiana, which failed to top 100 points for just the second time in its last seven games.
Feb 12 9:25 PM
- 83
rootsRUWTbot Took away 23 roots (Close Finish)
Celtics vs. PacersFeb 12 9:19 PM
- 106
rootsRUWTbot Added 71 roots (Close Finish)
Celtics vs. PacersFeb 12 9:12 PM
Feb 12 8:50 PM
Feb 12 8:11 PM
Feb 12 7:41 PM
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South Florida investor wants to sell Coral Way retail center for $24M
Wednesday, September 23, 2020
For over 18 years, Atlantic Commercial Group has assisted national, regional and local retailers and office tenants with their expansion and relocation plans in the South Florida market area. When negotiating lease agreements, the financial aspects of the lease, including rent and operating expenses, it is important to recognize there are numerous other lease provisions that need particular attention. A lease agreement is a long term liability and we are acutely aware of this and act in the most prudent manner to mitigate long term liabilities for our clients.
Office Tenant Representation: Atlantic has almost 2 decades of experience representing national and regional office tenants with their office space requirements. Regardless of the size of the assignment, we treat each client with the utmost priority and care while securing their physical space needs. Having an intimate understanding of the office market, we are able to accurately evaluate all options in the market and negotiate the most favorable lease terms for our clients.
Retail Tenant Representation: In today's marketplace, there is nothing traditional about retail any more. The competitive landscape has changed dramatically over the past 10 years and, thus, retail site selection, economic and demographic analysis is most important. Atlantic has exclusively and successfully represented the following partial list of companies over the past 18 years: Walmart, Edwin Watts, Jenny Craig, Sally Beauty Supply, Ashley Stewart, Fashion Cents, Shoe Show, Edward Jones, Burger King, McDonalds, Blue Martini and many others.
The retail environment continues to evolve and aligning brands with the best real estate opportunities is more important than ever. Our work with both landlords and tenants provide us with the insight into how deals are being completed and the direction of the market. We do more than just find space and locations for our clients. We recognize that each of our client's needs are unique and market positioning can dramatically impact our client's performance. Due to our market knowledge, unique research tools and creative thinking, we are able to formulate the most advantageous strategy for our clients.
Company tied to Arnold Wax paid $21M for the block in 2015. A South Florida investor is looking to sell a CVS and Office Depot-anchored shopping center along Coral Way in Miami.
The deal would avoid a total liquidation and save about 70,000 jobs and 650 stores, Joshua Sussberg of the law firm Kirkland & Ellis said Wednesday afternoon during a court hearing.


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15' pole telescopes from 6' to 15'
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I am currently enrolled at Second City. After one vigorous class I discovered just how close the Second City Learning Centre is to Bar Hop. Meaning every class from now on is going to end with a beer or two.
On that visit I had to give a try to Forked River's Catharsis.
I picked this beer for one simple reason: It is a Belgian style quad, which is one of my all-time favourite styles of beer. They generally have a nice spiciness to them and at high ABV can generally warm you up in cold weather.
Sadly this beer does not seem to be available in the LCBO and is not listed on the Forked River website. I do not remember the ABV at the moment but will reach out for it.
Appearance: Black with thick off white head.
Aroma: Bit if clove and vanilla.
Taste: Chocolate, vanilla, cherry and clove. Spiciness at the back of the tongue. Lovely cinnamon. Thick with a nice alcohol warmth.
Aftertaste: A soft bitterness.
Overall: Lovely.
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