Various methods including Hierarchical cluster Analysis(CA),backward Discriminant Analysis(DA) and GIS-based Inverse Distance Weighting methods(IDW) were used to analyze data sets of marine water quality for 15 parameters monitored at 27 different sites of Eastern Hong Kong from 2000 to 2004 to determine temporal and spatial distribution patterns in marine water quality.The results demonstrated that: ①the monitoring periods were classified into 2 clusters(Jan-May,Jun-Dec) and the monitoring sites were partitioned into 2 groups which presented the highly and low polluted;②the temporally and spatially significant parameters were Si,NH+4-N,SD,DO,temperature and TN,NH+4-N,PO-4-P,VSS;③the temporal and spatial variations were significant.The pollutant concentrations in the region around the 1st group were higher than those at other sites.The spatial distributions of TN and PO-4-P were inversely related,while those of NH+4-N and VSS were relatively similar except for the 1st group.The average concentration of Si in Jun-Dec was higher than that in Jan-May,but opposite of to that of NH+4-N and SD.Additionally,the temporal variations of DO and temperature were significantly negatively correlated.It was necessary to optimize the monitoring frequency and monitoring sites and to improve the menitoring strategy of the eight significant parameters.Additionally,the control of terrestrial pollution in Eastern Hong Kong should be enhanced,especially point source and agricultural runoff pollution should be decreased in Tolo Harbour and the area between Hong Kong and Shenzhen while environmental management of bathing beaches and fish culture zones in Port Shelter and the north part of Tolo Channel should be reinforced.


The result from probabilistic calibration of a radiocarbon date is given in the form of a probability density function. Consequently, reporting a 68% or 95% confidence interval has became a commonly accepted practice. However, many users of 14C dates still try to present the results of calibration as a single point. This manner of presentation is often applied during the construction of age-depth models due to its convenience and simplicity. In this paper, the author tests whether it is possible to find a good point estimate of a calibrated 14C date. The idea of the tests is to compare, using computer simulation, the true value of the calendar age with the age calculated based on the probabilistic calibration of the 14C date and the method of finding the point estimate. The test is carried out for the following point estimates: mode, median, average, the central point of the confidence intervals, and the local mode inside the confidence intervals. The results show that none of these may be considered as a good estimate.


The direct extraction of Pd(CN) 4 2- from alkaline cyanide solutions with dodecyl dimethyl-2-phenoxyethyl ammonium bromide (DDPB) was investigated. Several factors affecting extraction efficiency, including DDPB concentration, modifier content, equilibrium time, phase ratio (O/A), pH and palladium concentration in aqueous phase, were studied. The results indicated that nearly all of the Pd(II) (>98%) was transferred from the aqueous phase into the organic phase. N-pentanol was the most appropriate modifier for the extraction of Pd(CN) 4 2- . Palladium can be separated efficiently by DDPB over base metals (Fe, Co, Ni and Cu) from alkaline cyanide medium. The extraction was quite fast and equilibrium could be established within 3 min. Most of Pd(II) (>96%) in the organic phase could be stripped with ammonium thiocyanate aqueous solutions, from which elemental palladium could potentially be recovered by the addition of hydrazine hydrate. The organic phase after stripping can be recycled for a continuous extraction-stripping operation. The extraction mechanism can be deduced based on FTIR spectrum and slope analysis while the mechanism of stripping can be explained by the principle of minimum charge density and Le Chatelier's principle. The proposed method was applied to extract palladium from real cyanide leaching liquor of Pd flotation concentrate with satisfactory results. Fig. 1. Effect of different long-chain alcohols on the extraction percentage


Received: 15 April 2019 Accepted: 23 June 2019 Muskingum method has been continuously receiving attention from the researchers for several reasons. It is a simple method, which can be used for flood routing without much complication as far as the procedural details are concerned. In addition, its parameters can be calculated using the record of past historical floods. It does not require a knowledge of the river bed geometry as the phenomenon can be reproduced well enough on the basis of the calibration carried out using experimental data relative to the extreme sections of most significantly long reaches. In this study, we have studied the applicability of linear and nonlinear Muskingum models on linear and nonlinear flood data. For the linear model three different methods were used to compare the accuracy of the actual and estimated outflow. The methods are: trial and error, least square, and direct optimization method. Subsequently, we have routed the flows based on the estimated parameters to compare the performance of these models. The results suggest a very good fit.


This study aims to investigate the effects of temperature, time, pH, ovalbumin/glucose ratio, and ovalbumin concentration on the potential allergenicity of ovalbumin during the Maillard reaction, and to define the key influential factors. Results indicated that immunoglobulin G (IgG) binding of ovalbumin could either be increased or decreased, depending on the reaction temperature, and the glycation parameters could work collectively. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize conditions under temperature below denaturation of ovalbumin. The key influential factor was temperature, followed by pH and ovalbumin concentrations. Under the optimized condition, a reduction of immunoglobulin E (IgE) binding to 61.86% was observed. RSM was proved to be a good tool in optimizing the Maillard reaction parameters to reduce potential allergenicity of ovalbumin.


The article focuses on the North-Caucasian intelligentsia's activity for formation of a new economic culture and ethic, which represents a new bourgeois form of economic mentality and includes the particular comprehension of the fundamental values of economic culture such as labor, property, wellness, practicability, enterprise. In authors' opinion, the economic activity of North-Caucasian educational intelligentsia is very important for education of modern economic psychology and culture of mountain peoples and establishment of progressive economy and civil society in the region.


The Monte Cafe region, once a prominent place in coffee production, declined with the country's independence in 1975. As a result of the structuring and grouping of 6 smallholder associations, CECAFEB (Organic Coffee Export Cooperative) was created in order to relaunch 510 organic coffee-growing farmers. Despite the strategy of financial self-sufficiency and the commitment to high value-added products, CECAFEB faces problems of low volume production and difficulties in supply and market knowledge. This study aims to make a market study of organic coffee, including its  selling and non-selling establishments, in Sao Tome and Principe (STP). The adopted methodology, of mixed nature (qualitative and quantitative), was developed in two stages: The first being exploratory research and the second a conclusive-descriptive research (based on observation and data collection by interview and the survey method, through a structured questionnaire built for the purpose, applied to the universe of current and potential customers of the STP cooperative). The results, in addition to identifying the links in the organic coffee value chain and potential customer establishments of this product, revealed a lack of knowledge of organic coffee, the brand and CECAFEB. The certification of coffee as organic, is a valued attribute in the purchase and consumption.


ABSTRACT: Nosemosis is an important bee disease that is caused by microsporidia fungi of the Nosema genus, whose main etiological agents are Nosema apis and N. ceranae, both of which are found worldwide. In Brazil, the disease has been reported in several states but little is known about its occurrence and distribution in Bahia. This study identified the occurrence and distribution of nosemosis and its agents, N. apis and N. ceranae, in Apis mellifera L. bees collected from apiaries in the state of Bahia, Brazil. A total of 154 bee samples were collected and analyzed from 20 apiaries in six regions of the state. The hives sampled were evaluated for signs of the disease from December 2015 to July 2018. Molecular diagnosis was made using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). No signs of nosemosis were observed in the sampled apiaries, but from 154 samples analyzed via PCR, 96 were infected with N. ceranae. This pathogen was reported in samples from all six regions evaluated, and its occurrence in important apiculture regions of Bahia State is discussed in this study.


This article is about social security in Canada. It intends to relate the reforms and projects of reform of the Canadian Federal Government and of the government of Quebec with the big guidelines of social policy in the central countries, in the context of globalization of the economy and the hegemony of neoliberalism. The first phase of the article is about the economic changes, in other words, the question of depletion of the Fordist regulation of the salary relation as a way of regulation of the production relations and the unemployment crisis. Then, it deals with the social security crisis, the discourse of the so called 'conservative revolution' and the proposals of the reform. Finally, it shows a reflection about the minimum income of citizenship as alternative to the proposed reforms.


scribe the positive effects reported by students in the technology-enhanced course. Two papers relate teacher practice to teacher preparation. Sharon Litchfield and Maribeth Lartz analyzed the roles of teachers with students who are deaf/hard of hearing, providing implications for efforts in preparing educators. Yona Leyser examines teachers' choices of instructional practices and their perceptions of efficacy. The use of the Internet and e-learning has had a significant impact on teacher preparation. In his Associate Editor's Forum, Fred Spooner, working with Richard KieferO'Donnell, examines issues of effective pedagogy related to e-learning. Two specific areas have been selected to begin the discussion. Belva Collins, John Schuster, Barbara Ludlow, and Michael Duff explore the concerns of delivering effective instruction electronically, including technical assistance needs and shifts in content for this media. The question of electronic student assessment, a topic of great contention, is explored by Edward Meyen, Ronald Aust, and Robert Isaacson. We hope this focus will assist program in their discussions (and often debates) regarding the use of e-learning in teacher preparation. The program description section begins with Kristine Derer's efforts in redesigning special education practica for early childhood educators. Her application of the systems approach allows analysis of factors which contribute to the design of successful field experiences. Janeen Taylor describes the use of veteran teachers as mentors to provide candidates ongoing support. Barbara Ludlow, Book Review Editor has provided us with Billie Friedland's review of Arlene Fink's book on con-


The invention discloses a single line cascade chip used for displaying, which comprises an input signal pin and an output signal pin. The single line cascade chip also comprises a signal decoding module, a signal receiving module and a signal sending module which are connected in series between the input signal pin and the output signal pin and respectively used for decoding and intercepting the input signals and sending the input signals to other chips; the single line cascade chip also comprises a pulse width modulation control module which is connected with the signal receiving module and used for sending the intercepted signals to a light point connected with the single line cascade chip. By completing the operation of coding and decoding of the cascade signals, the single line cascadechip can send and receive the cascaded signal. The single line cascade chip can transmit the cascade signals without decrement, thus assuring that a plurality of single line cascade chips can be cascaded to construct a bigger light point display system.


Opening address.- Max Reiss memorial lecture.- Section I Neonatal and ontogenetic aspects of neuroendocrinology.- Mechanisms of androgen induced masculine differentiation of the rat brain.- Sex hormone-dependent differentiation of the hypothalamus and sexuality.- The role of thyroid and adrenocortical hormones in the biochemical maturation of the rat brain.- Disturbances of myelination in neonatally thyroidectomized rat brains.- RNA synthesis in embryonic cerebellar explants cultured with estradiol.- Influence of corticosterone and ACTH on the postnatal development of learning and memory functions.- Section II Control, biosynthesis and release of pituitary hormones.- Interrelationships in the control of ACTH and TSH secretion.- Relationship of active avoidance learning to the pituitary-thyroid and pituitary-adrenocortical responses to cold exposure in the rat.- Foetal steroidogenesis.- On the location of the neural structures involved in the reserpine induced hypersecretion of ACTH.- Hypothalamic mechanisms controlling anterior pituitary functions.- Thyroxine binding to anterior pituitary proteins in vitro: correlation with anterior pituitary growth.- Hypophysiotropic hormones, cyclic AMP and anterior pituitary protein synthesis and release.- Psychoneuroendocrine interactions in a reflex ovulator.- Influence of synthetic TRF administration and hypothalamic stimulation upon the ultrastructure of thyrotrophs.- The effect of oestradiol on pituitary-adrenal function in intact and thyroidectomized rats.- Studies on the regulation of pituitary-adrenal-thyroid and gonadal functions in rats with hypothalamic lesions.- Effect of synthetic TSH-releasing factor (TRF) and of some TRF analogues on pituitary function.- Effect of hypothalamic deafferentations on puberty in the male rat.- Mechanisms controlling pituitary gonadotropin secretion in prepuberal rats.- The role of pineal principles in the control of ACTH secretion.- Effect of dehydrobenzperidol on pituitary-adrenal function.- Section III Psycho-pharmacological and neurochemical bases of drug actions.- Action of neurotropic drugs on the tropic functions of the pituitary.- Action of central cholinolytics and oestrogens on gonadotropic release after the destruction of amygdala in rats.- The role of brain monoamines in the susceptibility to seizures brought about by chemical and electrical stimulations.- Analgesia, tolerance and drug dependence.- Brain monoaminergic mechanisms and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal activity.- Influence of some neurotropic drugs on the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal system after dexamethasone blockade.- Effect of chronic ethanol administration on adenyl cyclase and cyclic 3?,5?-nucleotide phosphodiesterase activities of mouse brain.- L-dopa: its action on sexual behaviour and brain monoamines of the rat.- Sexual behaviour after neonatal reserpine and pCPA treatment with comment about hypothalamic indole amines in the rat.- A comparison of chlorpromazine-induced extrapyramidal syndrome in male and female rats.- Section IV Hormonal influences on brain functions.- Accumulation of 3H-lysine in limbic and brainstem structures.- Facilitatory and inhibitory mesencephalic influence on gonadotropin release.- Correlated changes in gonadotropin release and electrical activity of the hypothalamus induced by electrical stimulation of the hippocampus in immature and mature rats.- Steroid sensitivity of the nervous system.- An evolutionary approach to the investigation of psychoneuro-endocrine functions.- The role of the posterior pituitary and its peptides on the maintenance of conditioned avoidance behaviour.- Correlations between the pituitary-adrenal function and the exploratory activity, learning behaviour and limbic functions.- Brain-endocrine interaction: are some effects of ACTH and adrenocortical hormones on neuroendocrine regulation and behaviour mediated via central catecholamine neurons?.- Pituitary-adrenocortical hormone influences on multiple units in the brainstem and forebrain structures.- Effect of septal lesions on adrenal cortical and medullary activity during stress.- Sexual motivation in the neonatally androgen-treated female rat.- Afferent brainstem pathways to hypothalamus and to limbic system in the rat.- Some physiologic aspects of emotional stress.- Section V Recent developments in clinical neuroendocrinology.- Endocrinological studies on periodic psychoses.- Endocrinological treatment of psychoses.- Longitudinal study of catecholamine metabolism in periodic catatonia.- Metabolism of androgenic steroids in human skin.- Secretion of LH and FSH during sleep in man.- Basal pituitary-gonadal function in impotency evaluated by blood testosterone and LH assays.


Adult Western painted turtles, Chrysemys picta bellii, are the most anoxia‐tolerant tetrapod known and is capable of surviving over 170 days of anoxia at 3°C. Hatchling turtles, however can survive only 41 days at 4°C. To investigate the transcriptomic basis for this difference, we compared the anoxia‐induced transcriptional responses in the ventricle of adult and hatchling painted turtles exposed to four different conditions: 20 °C acclimation, five weeks at 3 °C, 20 days of anoxia at 3 °C, and re‐exposure to oxygen at 3 °C. At each time point, adult and hatchling turtles were sampled and RNA extractions were performed on the frozen, homogenized ventricular tissue. Illumina HiSeq 4000 was used to sequence mRNA, and transcript expression levels were compared between treatments to determine the changes attributed to temperature, anoxia exposure and development.


Communities of Practice(COP) are of very important value to the tacit knowledge share in enterprise.Firstly,this paper analysizes the essential chatacter of COP and its several models of knowledge share and innovation.And then,the paper focuses on the study of realized principle of knowledge share and innovation of COP—"knowledge share bar" and "knowledge innovation bar".Lastly,the paper gives six advices in the building of COP.


As China's economic development and deepening reform,the citizens' noninstitutionalized political participation increased in minority areas,and showing various forms a lot of features,including the ethnic separatist activities,and showing a lot of features,undermined national unity,and endanger the existing political minority areas and social stability.This paper analyzes the political participation of non-institutionalized forms and characteristics,based on the emphasis from economic,political,cultural and social aspects of four non-institutionalized political participation reasons.


1 Introduction: New Genetics, New Social Formations Peter Glasner and Paul Atkinson 2 British Public Attitudes to Agricultural Biotechnology and the 2003 GMN Nation? Public Debate: Distrust, Ambivalence and Risk Nick Pidgeon and Wouter Poortinga 3 The UK stem cell bank: Creating safe stem cell lines and public support? Loes Kater 4 Public Biotechnology Inquiries: From Rationality to Reflexivity Tee Rogers-Hayden and Mavis Jones 5 The Precautionary Principle on Trial: The construction and transformation of the Precautionary Principle in the UK court context Chie Ujita, Liz Sharp and Peter Hopkinson 6 The Social Construction of the Biotech Industry Kean Birch 7 Biopiracy and the Bioeconomy Paul Oldham 8 Identifying John Moore: Narratives of Persona in Patent Law Relating to Inventions of Human Origin Hyo Yoon Kang 9 Sampling policies of Isolates of Historical Interest (IHI): the social and historical formation of research populations in the People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Republic of China (ROC) Margaret Sleeboom-Faulkner 10 The making of scientific knowledge in the anthropological perspective Case studies from the French scientific community Angela Procoli 11 Genomics and the Transformation of Knowledge: the Bioinformatics Challenge Henrik Bruun 12 Science, Media and Society: the framing of bioethical debates around embryonic stem cell research between 2000 and 2005 Jenny Kitzinger, Clare Williams and Lesley Henderson 13 'Natural Forces' -- The Regulation and Discourse of Genomics and Advanced Medical Technologies in Israel Barbara Prainsack 14 Survival of the Gene? 21st Century Visions from Genomics, Proteomics and the New Biology Ruth McNally and Peter Glasner


The economic and political circumstances of the almost
past twenty years started an extremely quick and massive
destruction in legally not protected areas of our industrial
cultural heritage: this means the destruction of specific
buildings, traditional industrial sites and regions'
characteristics of the industry.
Ozd Ironworks is a unique example of Hungarian largescale
industrial areas which is dated back to the mid-19th
century based on the production of local coal mines. The
town and its surroundings shows how industry and
social conditions developed simultaneously: the factory
which is the traditional centre and the generativ power
of the town structure with its residential areas and row
of public buildings represent a characteristic
atmosphere. The spirit of the place can be catched in
this town structure and in the living memory of the local
inhabitants, in their customs and in the special name of
the places. All of these reflect a vanished life in the
abandoned scenery of the past. The question is how we
can built up again, or keep these social, architectural,
industrial, natural and traditional values without the
original meaning and background. Namely, in the 1990's
with the change of political regime, large-scale industry
ceased to exist in Hungary, leaving significant factories,
including Ozd, without work. The once 50-hectare
central industrial area has seen many of its buildings
demolished and several civic and residential buildings
were left abandoned and empty. In the lecture it is
shown where one can catch the special atmosphere of
the site. a new project worked out by the National
Office of the Cultural Heritage is outlined, in which one
tries to keep these very complex values of the site.


Introduction Unlike wrong Conceptions that Green space may be inducing to public, Green space is not only a space with trees, but it is symbol of social and cultural thoughts of a Society and its domain not include only parks. Selection of plants in architecture of green space not is done only based on Aesthetics Visual items but a set of factors like ecological, natural requirement and Functional properties must be regarded. At recent years in Iran, selection of plants species was not scientific. They select plants by chaotic methods or by one dimensional viewpoint. Today in domain of green space most of Iran's cities confront with problem, as following items: 1. Being one seasonal of green spaces and their function; 2. Non concurrence of space with function; 3. Incomprehension and lack of feeling of Aesthetics of plants. Intolerance of cold and heat and ecological condition by plants cause them deteriorate and make an inappropriate landscape


Subduction zones provide important constraints on reconstruction of tectonic configurations and convergent geodynamics. The timing and evolution of the subduction zones at the interaction between the Paleo‐Asian and Tethyan Oceans remain ambiguous, casting significant uncertainty on the reconstructions of proto‐Asia and subduction dynamics. Here, we report new petrologic and geochronologic data of a high‐grade metamorphic complex in the Dunhuang area, NW China, together with thermodynamic modeling, geothermobarometry, and second ion mass spectrometry U‐Pb chronology to reveal the complex metamorphic structure and history of the Paleozoic subduction‐exhumation channel at the intersection of the Paleo‐Asian and Tethyan domains. The subduction zone contains a diverse collection of eclogite, high‐pressure (HP) granulites, amphibolites, and metasedimentary rocks with a broad spectrum of P‐T‐t paths, which were buried and exhumed at different depths at ∼463–411 Ma. Our first dating of the oldest (∼463 Ma) HP granulite extends the orogenic period earlier to the Middle Ordovician. The uneven change in subduction gradients from ∼18°C/km to ∼10°C/km illustrates the thermal evolution of the subduction zone from infancy to maturity. A dramatic drop of the gradient at ∼420 Ma suggests a potential short‐term switch of the subduction dynamics from "hot" to "cool," possibly due to plate geometry reorganization in response to slab roll‐back. Our data demonstrate that the Dunhuang Complex was chaotically mixed and juxtaposed at different levels in the subduction‐exhumation channel. The southward younging and increase in depth of the HP metamorphism indicate that the Dunhuang Complex was formed by north‐dipping subduction of the Proto‐Tethyan Ocean from the Early Paleozoic.


Summary The traceability of meat came into reach of the activities of the European Union by the large food crises of the last 10 years. The aims are particularly directed towards food safety and consumer protection. Points of friction arise for the industry as a result of the fact that its traceability systems must orient themselves principally on economy and not that strictly on political goals. The conflicting aims which step out particularly clearly in the divergence of nationally regulated and facultative private labelling could only be solved, if the independent value of the facultative labelling is recognized officially. The industry will be able to legitimise the own traceability systems by it best in integrating systems.


Bacterial pathogens often show great discrimination among potential host plants with regard to their abilities to cause disease. The basis of this race/cultivar specificity has been shown to reside in the matching of specific resistance (R) genes in the plant with determinants called avirulence (avr) genes in the pathogen: recognition in this way between host and pathogen enables the plant to react defensively to limit the invasion of the pathogen (Keen, 1990).


Abstract A Marxist discourse on metabolic rift is used to examine the alienation of Africans from their environment and religious connections by capitalism and urbanisation. The paper emphasises the understanding of Ubuntu as an intimate relationship between humans and the natural environment. Indeed, the epitomisation of Ubuntu centres on the consolidation of the human, natural and spiritual tripartite. The paper shows that such a tripartite relationship allows Africans to transpose their Ubuntuness (humanness) and moral obligations not only to their fellow human beings, but also to the surrounding natural environment, including wildlife. Despite the usefulness of Ubuntu in the conservation of natural environments, the paper questions its effectiveness particularly in a capitalist and urbanised society where Africans are continually alienated from the natural environment.


This paper tests previous heuristically derived general theoretical results for the fast kinematic dynamo instability of a smooth, chaotic flow by comparison of the theoretical results with numerical computations on a particular class of model flows. The class of chaotic flows studied allows very efficient high resolution computation. It is shown that an initial spatially uniform magnetic field undergoes two phases of growth, one before and one after the diffusion scale has been reached. Fast dynamo action is obtained for large magnetic Reynolds number Rm. The initial exponential growth rate of moments of the magnetic field, the long time dynamo growth rate, and multifractal dimension spectra of the magnetic fields are calculated from theory using the numerically determined finite time Lyapunov exponent probability distribution of the flow and the cancellation exponent. All these results are numerically tested by generating a quasi‐two‐dimensional dynamo at magnetic Reynolds number Rm of order up to 105.


Streaming potential and conductivity measurements were performed on porous plugs in a number of indifferent electrolytes. The plugs were made of monodisperse spherical polystyrene sulfate latex with fixed surface charge density. The observed surface conductivity could be interpreted with the classical Bikerman expression extended with the contribution from conduction behind the shear plane. It was shown that electroosmosis contributes positively, while the depletion of co-ions in the double layer contributes negatively to the surface conductivity. It was further demonstrated that a significant part of the conduction is located behind the slip plane. The ion mobility of the indifferent counterions behind, as well as beyond, the shear plane is close to the bulk mobility. In the correct determination of ζ-potentials in the low electrolyte concentration range, it is necessary to take surface conduction behind the plane of shear into account. When this is done, the maximum in the curve of the ζ-potential versus electrolyte concentration disappears.


Brain Tumor Research Laboratories, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery (E.K.H., J.M.M., C.P.L., S.B., G.Y.G.), and Division of Clinical Virology, Department of Pediatrics (J.N.P., R.J.W.), University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham AL 35294, USA; Marjorie B. Kovler Viral Oncology Laboratories, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA (B.H., B.R.); University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612, USA (B.H.); Laboratoire d'Oncologie Virale et Moléculaire, Institut Curie, 91405 Orsay, France (B.P.)


This paper presents a filter structure for improving the performance of switching band controlled Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) and a systematic design procedure for the passive filter components. The switching operation of VSI is accompanied by a band controller which restricts the injected voltages within a band, defined about a reference voltage. Switching band control method exhibits merits such as fast dynamic response, robustness, zero magnitude / phase errors and ease in implementation. The performance of the band controller is improved using a novel filter structure. Quantitative expressions involving the dynamics of DVR and variation in switching frequency are also derived. The passive filter components are designed based on switching frequency and inverter rating. The proposed filter structure and design procedure for the DVR filter components are validated by carrying out PSCAD simulation studies.


Environmental Values 21.2 on the needless killing of animals are features of the mainstream Hindu heritage and are not specific to the Bishnois. But if we are to try and understand the felt attitudes of these people, we need to remember that they belong to a religious tradition that sees the divinity Vishnu as immanent in both the human and the natural spheres. Apart from that point, I could not find any unambiguous and explicit evidence for Professor Jain's assertion that 'for the Bishnois, nature is intrinsically valuable for its own sake', regardless of the benefits that it brings to the desert community. Similarly, the Sacred Groves of the Bhils (Chapter Five) are sacred because it is believed that deities dwell therein. (It should be added that this is actually an example of a separation of the sacred from the profane.) Overall, this stimulating book demonstrates how certain rural Indian communities exercise a concern for aspects of the natural environment quite independently of any philosophical theorising about ecology. We can be grateful to Professor Jain for bringing so much information to light and for raising many interesting questions about Indian value-systems.


The MRI appearances of the human placenta in the absence of maternal or fetal pathology have not been extensively studied, with only a few studies reporting findings in the uncomplicated pregnancy. The purpose of this study is to review the placental MRI appearances in low‐risk pregnancies in a prospective study.


ABSTRACT We investigate the impact of the purchase of Directors' and Officers' liability insurance (D&O insurance) on a firm's risk-taking behaviour in China, measured by the firm's maturity mismatch ratio. Using a unique manually collected dataset, we find a significant positive relationship between a firm's purchase of D&O insurance and the firm's maturity mismatch ratio, which supports the moral hazard theory. The mechanisms of our main finding are corresponding internal and external monitoring, in which the main finding is only significant for firms under weak monitoring. Our result remains significant after employing several approaches to alleviate potential endogeneity concerns, including an alternative sample and the sensitivity test model. Our paper sheds some extra light on the issue related to D&O insurance in a country with inadequate internal supervision and weak investor protection and the determinant of a firm's maturity mismatch ratio.


Channel estimation is a crucial task for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation-based systems since this estimation is used for compensating impacts of a wireless channel. Recently, sparse representation (SR) is proposed for this task as wireless channels are considered as a sparse signal. However, SR considers sparse as the main feature and omit other features of the channel while estimating the channel. In this paper, we propose a general framework for utilizing other features of the channel in sparse channel estimation for OFDM systems, while these features are omitted in conventional sparse methods. In this regard, by utilizing maximum a posterior (MAP) estimation and defining new parameters, these features are conveyed into sparse channel estimation process to improve channel estimation. The simulation results indicate that our proposed framework not only improves the estimated parameter, but also reduces the number of resources such as the number of estimation pilots or transmitted power.


This paper describes the characters application characteristics,key technologies and function and implementation of the subsystems of OptiSYS PCS-300 distributed BAS in Chinese Characters Museum.


Handling of warranty claim on the automotive company is one way to attract customers. This management involved a lot of labor, work-time and the company's investment. The customer complaints are a lack of employee attention, checks, and artistry, and claims after the service process. The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of the handling of Warranty Claim flow with quantitative methods. Management effectiveness reviewed at the level of success of the program and customer service. The focus of research is the workshop of an automotive company in Makassar. All employees of automotive businesses in Makassar, South Sulawesi, are the population of the investigation. The number of the sample is 60 people or ten people in each division. Data collection instrument was a questionnaire and observation. The results showed that the success rate is considered active program indicated at all stage. The flow handling from the acceptance stage to delivery service meant efficiently. The result recognized that the system is feasible for similar companies.


PART 1 Children and Literature Chapter 1 Learning about Children and Literature Chapter 2 Learning about Reading and Literature Chapter 3 Learning about Literature PART 2 Categories of Literature Chapter 4 Poetry and Plays Chapter 5 Picture Books Chapter 6 Traditional Literature Chapter 7 Modern Fantasy Chapter 8 Realistic Fiction Chapter 9 Historical Fiction Chapter 10 Nonfiction: Biography and Informational Books Chapter 11 Literature for a Diverse Society Chapter 12 Planning the Curriculum Chapter 13 Developing Teaching Strategies Appendix A Children's Book Awards Appendix B Professional Resources Appendix C Children's Magazines Appendix D Transitional Books Credits and Acknowledgements Index to Children's Books and Authors Subject Index


Health is an important aspect and become a measure of the welfare of the people of a country. The development of national development, one of them is in the health sector, must be in accordance with and based on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. The purpose of this research is to reveal the government's responsibility for handling Covid-19 patients and legal protection for Covid-19 patients medical services in the hospital. The research method used is normative. The assessment is carried out by means of a literature study which is specifically related to law in the health sector. The data sources used were prmiary, secondary and tertiary sources and were analyzed systematically. The result of this research indicates that the responsibility of the government for Covid-19 patients provides rights to patients regulated in related regulations. If the government and parties who violate the rights that should be received by Covid-19 patients, they can be subject to sanctions in accordance with applicable regulations. Legal protection or the issuance of legal rules regarding the rights of Covid-19 patients aims to protect the community itself.


We were greatly interested by the announcement for publication of a Treatise on Chemistry by Professor Mitscherlich, of Berlin. His reputation as an able and popular teacher, his celebrity as an exact and philosophic chemist, and, above all, the estimation in which he is universally held as an original discoverer in some of the profoundest branches of the science, excited a curiosity, and raised in us expectations, which we have never in the same degree experienced upon any previous occasion. A rapid perusal of the first two volumes of his " Elemens," even though in the disadvantageous garb of a French translation, (not always, we fear, very faithfully made,) has more than justified the anticipations in which


Abstract : Technical advances in personal computers make them very useful for automated testing of questionnaires, personality inventories, and performance tasks. When traditional assessment instruments are adapted for administration by computer, changes in task characteristics output responses are sometimes inevitable. For example, writing numbers on a paper and pencil task versus entering them with number keys on a task administered by computer. Hence, implementing tasks on the computer may change their psychometric properties. Testing tradition implies that the computerized instrument should be validated. Indeed, recent evaluations with systematic criteria suggest such caution is warranted (Bittner, Carter, Kennedy, Harbeson, Krause, 1986; Bittner, Smith, Kennedy, Staley, & Harbeson, 1985; Farrell, 1983, and Smith, Krause, Kennedy, Bittner, & Harbeson, 1983). Recently, we adapted a paper and pencil Addition Task for administration on a portable computer. We found that it seemed insensitive to experimental effects and its response rate was 65% of that for the paper and pencil task. Therefore, we developed another Addition Task to overcome these shortcomings. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the psychometric properties of three Addition Tasks with different response requirements. Reprints.


Wheatstone bridge sensors are often used in precision instrumentation and measurement systems, e.g., for μK-resolution temperature sensing in wafer steppers [1] and mPa-resolution differential pressure sensing in precision air gauges [2]. Since they output small differential signals superimposed on a large common-mode (CM) voltage, typical bridge readout ICs (ROICs) consist of an instrumentation amplifier (IA) followed by an ADC [1]. This paper describes a low-noise energy-efficient ROIC, which achieves a 3.7nV/√Hz input-referred noise PSD and a power efficiency factor (PEF) of 44.1. The latter represents a 5× improvement on the state of the art [3].


A simple titration technique utilizing pyridine as a FTIR spectroscopy probe is demonstrated to successfully predict relative Brønsted acid-limited reaction rates in different ionic liquid (IL) environments. Relative acidity is shown to vary across three aprotic ILs in a manner that is specific to the particular acid-IL pairing.


In recent years, in the face of the increasingly complicated traffic environment caused by the significant increase in the number of motor vehicles, in order to improve road traffic safety, autonomous driving technology has become the focus of research, and various related approaches have been proposed. Among them, the design of practical traffic-related target detection method has received a lot of attention as an indispensable prerequisite for vehicles to independently formulate pedestrian and obstacle collision avoidance strategies. In this article, we will first briefly introduce the development of related detection technologies. Then we will systematically introduce the current development trend of traffic target detection technology, and focus on the technical problems and related technical challenges that have not been solved by the existing methods in practical use. At the end of the article, we will provide some potential solutions to these challenges.


Granting foreign investors the right of standing is usually regarded as particularly efficient means in order to reduce the risk premium required by foreign investors, which reduces the cost of capital for capital-importing states. For the realm of international trade, it has been suggested in the political economy literature, that governments reserve themselves the right to act as political filters in order to being able to exclude certain cases that private actors might otherwise bring. In this paper, we argue that the fact that governments act as a political filter when deciding what cases to bring to the WTO is a mere effect of the absence of private standing in international trade law, but not its underlying reason. Instead we identify capacity constraints at both the national and international level as central reason why private exporters are refused standing in international trade agreements. We argue that a situation with governments acting as political filters is suboptimal with respect to global welfare due to the increased amount of protectionism that it brings with it. We suggest that international trade dispute settlement remain intergovernmental, but that private exporters be given the right to have scenarios of alleged treaty violations examined by their governments who should be firmly obliged to bring all cases that appear to be sufficiently likely to succeed. This would create a situation where governments exercise their filter position in a way that would be beneficial for the entire system and serve objectives of long-term global welfare instead of short-term political utility. Obvious capacity constraints arising for WTO member states should be overcome by concerted efforts of the community of member states.


Introduction: The scarcity of blood donors has always been a major concern for blood banks. Blood Transfusion Services is an important and fundamental part of National Health Services. This study was conducted to identify the donors who are deferred temporarily and what are the reasons to be corrected, to inform them and recruit them later as voluntary, regular non remunerative blood donors. Objectives: To analyse the incidence of deferral and its pattern among the blood donors in a teaching hospital of rural India. Materials and Methods: This study includes all the voluntary donors and replacement donors. After measuring the weight of donor 350 ml or 450 ml of blood was collected. Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) based on the National guidelines were used for donor deferral and selection. A Medical Officer asked their medical history then examined briefly the temperature, blood pressure, Haemoglobin, heart rate and its regularity. Results: Anemia was the major reason responsible for the deferral among females. Hypertension being the commonest reason for permanent deferral among both genders followed by cardiac disorders. Conclusion: Blood banking is the backbone of modern medicine but it carries the potential risk of infectious disease transmission. Well planned donor education programmes are needed to protect the loyalty of voluntary blood donors and to dispel any superstitions and myths about blood donation.


The invnetion provides a numerical control device. A program axis command checking unit belonging to a directed program analyzing unit determines whether or not there is a command of a target axis of an erroneous axis command in a directed program and whether or not a directed value exceeds an allowable range, and an interpolation axis command checking unit belonging to an interpolation command generating unit determines whether or not there is a command of a target axis of an erroneous axis command and whether a directed value exceeds an allowable range, and performs alarm stop by making an alarm stop request in a case where the alarm stop is to be performed.


Objective:To study the relationship between mutant p53 expression and apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from a high aflatoxin B1 contaminated area. Methods:Apoptotic cells and mutant p53 protein were detected by techniques of in situ terminal deoxynucleotide transferase labelling and immunohistochemical S P method in 56 paraffin embedded tissues of HCC. Results:Apoptotic index was 3 81‰in the HCC with positive expression of mutant p53, this was significant higher than that of 1 74‰in mutant p53 negative cases (P 0 05).Conclusions:The mutant p53 protein which is associated with aflatoxin B1 may stimulate malignant cell proliferation, meanwhile a higher apoptotic rate is the associated phenomenon of high proliferation rate, is contributory to selective proliferation of those clone with higher proliferative ability.


Lucian of Samosata (2nd Century A. D.) showed in his many and varied works a critical intent towards the culture of his own age, which is to be understood as the system of beliefs and ways of life of the cultivated people or of those who, as a result of their social standing, could receive education. New and old gods competed in the imagery of Late Antiquity; Lucian, a non-religious writer, lashes them using satire, parody and pastiche as weapons.


The coupling of magnetic and electric fields due to the constitutive behavior of a material is commonly denoted as ME-effect. The latter is only observed in a few crystal classes exhibiting a very weak coupling which can hardly be exploited for technical applications. Much larger coupling coefficients are obtained in so called multiferroic composite materials, where ferroelectric and ferromagnetic constituents are embedded in a matrix. The MEeffect is then induced by the strain of the matrix converting electrical and magnetic energies based on the ferroelectric and magnetostrictive effects. In this paper, the theoretical background of nonlinear constitutive multifield behavior as well as the Finite Element implementation are presented. Nonlinear material models describing the magneto-ferroelectric behavior are presented. On this basis, the poling process in the ferroelectric phase is simulated and resulting effects are analyzed. Numerical simulations in general focus on the prediction of ME coupling coefficients and residual stresses going along with the poling process. Numerical homogenization, here, is a useful means to supply effective properties.


Theunbondedcontactproblemofthree-leafspringbendingisconsidered. This problem consists in finding the contact forces in the system of three Bernoulli-Euler cantilever beams. The system is loaded by the force concentrated at the tip of the longest beam. In the absence of loading the beams are straight and fit each other closely. There is no friction between the beams. The rigorous problem statement is formulated, the uniqueness of solution is proved and the analytical solution of the problem for the arbitrary lengths of the leaves is constructed. This construction simultaneously proves the existence of the solution. The obtained solution generalizes the known solutions for the special cases. It is shown that only two contact patterns are possible: the forces at the tips of the leaves and the same with the additional force between the long leaves. The new integral representations for the nearest leaves distances are used for the validation of the analytical solution. The obtained results can be used for the leaf springs design.


This paper concerns the synchronization problem for a class of stochastic memristive neural networks with inertial term, linear coupling, and time-varying delay. Based on the interval parametric uncertainty theory, the stochastic inertial memristor-based neural networks (IMNNs for short) with linear coupling are transformed to a stochastic interval parametric uncertain system. Furthermore, by applying the Lyapunov stability theorem, the stochastic analysis approach, and the Halanay inequality, some sufficient conditions are obtained to realize synchronization in mean square. The established criteria show that stochastic perturbation is designed to ensure that the coupled IMNNs can be synchronized better by changing the state coefficients of stochastic perturbation. Finally, an illustrative example is presented to demonstrate the efficiency of the theoretical results.


The invention discloses an automatic stamping machine and an automatic stamping method thereof, wherein the automatic stamping machine consists of a paper feeding mechanism, a stamping mechanism, a paper discharging mechanism and a driving mechanism for driving the paper feeding mechanism and the paper discharging mechanism; the stamping mechanism consists of a stamp, a top plate, a stamp base and an electromagnet, the top plate is positioned above the stamp and forms a stamp channel together with the stamp, the stamp can pass through the stamp channel, the stamp base is used for installing the stamp, and the electromagnet is used for controlling the stamp base to move up and down and further drive the stamp to be close to or far away from the top plate. The automatic stamping machine provided by the invention has the advantages of simple mechanical structure, easiness in manipulation, clear and uniform imprinting, stability, reliability and easiness for assembly and disassembly and maintenance, and can be used for greatly improving the office automation efficiency.


The present invention discloses a method of intelligent control and security system for an industrial robot. Wherein the method comprises the steps of: detecting a predetermined image capturing area around the robot; detecting the current image recognition target to be detected; if the identified target to be detected in the current image is detected, the target to be measured is calculated according to preset parameters the current distance between the current position and the robot; the current position of the timeline and the current distance stored in chronological order module; according to the previous previous time from the current distance and a current location, and the time axis and the front module calculating a moving speed of the target position to be measured; the current position of the object to be measured, from the current state of motion, and the moving speed of the robot is determined between the secure data measured with a preset target area and the preset safety hazard zone relations; safety control robot to determine the relationship between normal operation or stop running or change the path according to. It can effectively guarantee the safety of staff.


Abstract : The radial electric field intensity or the radial particle flux at any point outside a cylindrical, isotropic source of finite extent is derived. Expressions for the flux are obtained in terms of complete elliptic integrals. Results are presented in graphical form for a wide range of source lengths. (Author)


The stresses and deformations of the plate strengthened with CFRP sheets are calculated by ANSYS in the paper,the numerical model of the plate strengthened with CFRP sheets is set up.And the factors of influence precision are presented.At the same time,the result of simulation calculation coincides with the result of tests.The interfacial shear stress distribution and the strain distributing disciplinarian of CFRP are elaborated.The results showed that the failure phenomena and the failure position of the plate strengthened with CFRP sheets can be accurately predicted according to the result of simulation calculation,so some measures should be put forward to protective early damage.


We demonstrate soliton self-compression of high-energy 1800 nm laser pulses in hollow capillary fibres. This enables generation of infrared attosecond pulses and few-femtosecond pulses from the deep ultraviolet to the infrared with resonant dispersive wave emission.


This study investigated the influence of seasonal incidence and defoliation degree caused by Marssonina blotch (Diplocarpon mali Harada et Sawamura) on shoot growth and fruit quality of 'Fuji'/M.9 apple tree. The occurrence of marssonina blotch in Gunwi region was observed from the mid of July 2009, and percentage of defoliation was about 10% in the end of October. In 2010, that started in the early of June. By the end of September, percentage of defoliation was 20% and it reached 50% in late October. Secondary growth of terminal shoot in 2010 was three times as much as that in 2009. In 2009, the soluble solid contents and the red color (hunter a value) during fruit maturation increased to 13.8 °Brix and 16.2, respectively. In 2010, the soluble solid content during fruit maturation remained in the 12.1-12.6 °Brix range after early October, and the red color began to increase after the end of September when the percentage of defoliation was 20%. As for fruit quality by defoliation degree, the red color decreased when defoliation percentage of bourse shoot at the end of October was more than 30%. Fruit weight and soluble solids also decreased when defoliation percentage was more than 50%. Fruit length and diameter of over 30% defoliation treatments begun to decrease after the middle of August, compared with those of under 30% defoliation treatment. Photosynthetic rate of the leaves that was located at the secondary growth of bourse shoot was similar to that of leaves which was located at the middle of bourse shoot. However, the size and the soluble solid content of fruit were not affected by photosynthesis activities of bourse shoot leaves which was develop in the secondary shoot growth.


The method of one or more components of an isolated corn fiber, corn fiber which comprises at least one weak acid containing extract liquid contact, the temperature of the resulting mixture liquid was raised fibers and the half of the corn fiber cellulose is dissolved into the liquid, the mixture was cooled, and the mixture was extracted after cooling is separated into a soluble fraction and an insoluble fraction containing the dissolved lignin containing cellulose.


The Cox proportional hazards model was used to identify prognostic risk factors for time to first infection and time to failure among 183 patients on chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). This methodology permits continuous variables such as albumin and blood pressure to be used in the predictive equation avoiding arbitrary categorization. Initial serum creatinine and albumin were found to be related to the risk of first infection. Serum creatinine increases the risk whereas albumin is protective. Age and blood pressure are related to an increased risk of failure on CAPD whereas albumin is associated with a lower risk. The occurrence of the first infection almost doubles the risk of failure. Patients who have "high" albumin and "low" blood pressure have a 75th percentile for time to failure on CAPD which is more than 1000 days longer than those who have both "low" albumin and "high" blood pressure.


New tools are needed to analyse the social values and meanings of urban woodlands, and bring them into decision-making processes regarding land-use and green-space planning. This paper explores a new systematic approach to collect and identify the values residents attach to green areas. In two mail surveys in Helsinki and Espoo, Finland, residents were asked to identify areas that had specific positive qualities, such as beautiful scenery and forest feeling, as well as to locate areas with negative features. A map of the study area displaying all the different green areas was attached to the survey. The results were analysed by using SPSS and ArcView software. The results highlight the most valued sites and also problem areas within the study area. The most important features attached to favourite places were tranquillity, feeling of being in a forest and naturalness. The method used is linked with GIS and therefore provides an easy way to present experienced values of green areas visibly on a map. The results suggest that the method is communicative and relatively easy to use in collaborative greenarea planning as well as in land-use planning.


The difficulty of identifying compensating differentials has led to the pessimistic suggestion that equilibrium amenity prices cannot be inferred from observational data, and may not exist. In this paper we show that, even when labor markets are not perfect, the causal effect of amenities on wages implied by Rosen's classic model exists, and can be identified. Our approach focuses on the role of firms in determining the relationship between wages and amenities when firms offer multiple, differentiated jobs. Using administrative matched employer-employee data from Brazil, we estimate compensating wage differentials for occupational fatality risk and make three key conclusions. First, conflicting results from the empirical and theoretical literatures can be reconciled by accounting for endogenous sorting bias. Specifically, movements towards lower-risk jobs tend to be correlated with movements to higher-wage firms. Next, correcting this sorting bias by incorporating firms as a source of wage dispersion increases compensating wage differentials by an order of magnitude. Finally, we introduce a theoretical model of equalizing differences with monopsonistic firms and search. The model rationalizes our empirical framework as the equilibrium outcome of profit-maximizing behavior, demonstrates that Rosen's model can accommodate imperfect competition, and formalizes the threats to identification. We diagnose the consequences of these threats and conclude that our preferred model approximates the equilibrium wage structure well. ∗We are grateful for helpful comments from John Abowd, David Blau, Molly Candon, David Card, Chris Cornwell, Andrew Friedson, Kaj Gittings, Joni Hersch, Henry Hyatt, Lauren Jones, Josh Kinsler, Pat Kline, Francis Kramarz, Mark Kutzbach, Rick Mansfield, David Neumark, Jesse Rothstein, Meghan Skira, Isaac Sorkin, Chris Taber, and seminar participants at the Berkeley labor lunch, the U.S. Census Bureau, EALE, LERA, Ohio State, NYU, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, University of Illinois-Chicago, University of Kentucky, University of Maryland, University of South Carolina, University of Georgia, University of Wisconsin-Madison, and WEAI. Jason Rivera and Rodrigo Saurin provided helpful research assistance. †Ohio State University, Department of Economics. firstname.lastname@example.com ‡University of Georgia, Department of Economics. email@example.com


Security and performance are critical nonfunctional requirements for software systems. Thus, it is crucial to include verification activities during software development to identify defects related to such requirements, avoiding their occurrence after release. Software verification, including testing and reviews, encompasses a set of activities that have a purpose of analyzing the software searching for defects. Security and performance verification are activities that look at defects related to these specific quality attributes. Few empirical studies have been focused on how is the state of the practice in security and performance verification. This paper presents the results of a case study performed in the context of Brazilian organizations aiming to characterize security and performance verification practices. Additionally, it provides a set of conjectures indicating recommendations to improve security and performance verification activities.


Based on the coal and methane outbursting theory, we use FLAC3D to analyze the stress and strain distribution rules in coal body around the spraying holes. The simulating results are so appealing to help us to optimize spraying holes lay out in Qinan Coal Mine's Face 713. The on-site drainaging records indicate the numerical results is reasonable and practical, and spraying holes laying is effective to improving the methane permeability.


The aim of this project is to analyze the level of satisfaction with educational relevance for nursing practice. It is also to examine factors related to such satisfaction after one year as an employee. The study is a part of an ongoing prospective cohort study with the title «Working careers and working values among Registered Nurses». Data were collected from a questionnaire directed at the total population of RNs who graduated in the year 2000 from the western Norwegian counties, a total of 590 nurses. The response rate was 68 %. The results show that half of the RNs were satisfied with their nursing education related to their tasks as practising nurses. The highest degree of satisfaction was found among those who studied at the smallest units of nursing education (measured by the number of students). Independent of the university college and the size of the class, it was those who originally wanted to study nursing who were most satisfied with the educational relevance for the profession. This indicates two important challenges for the university colleges: Their ability to recruit students who are motivated for nursing studies and their ability to organize the nursing education in small units.


In the investigation of preference orders which are explanations of expenditure data which associates a quantity vector xr with a price vector pr (r = 1, …, k), in respect to some n goods, there is considered the class of functions φ, with gradient g, which are increasing and convex in some convex region containing the points xr, such that gr = g(xr) has the direction of pr. † Let ur = pr/er, where so that


Spirito et al. (this issue) provide a blueprint for discussion regarding the programmatic as well as competencybased skills necessary for psychologists to be recognized as pediatric psychologists. The purpose of the internship year is to complete training in the general practice of clinical psychology and to extend specialty preparation in didactic instruction, research, and clinical practice in pediatric psychology. In this intensive year of primarily clinical experience-based training, an intern prepares for the role of a practicing pediatric psychologist within the scientistpractitioner model and eventually assumes responsibility for providing direct patient care. We will now briefly discuss how the 11 areas of knowledge and skill competency proposed by Spirito et al. may be addressed during the year of predoctoral internship training. We have addressed these issues in our child internship program at the University of AlabamaBirmingham (UAB). Foremost is the stipulated clinical supervision provided by internship faculty. Most internship sites provide didactic training in the form of attendance at seminars or grand rounds routinely provided to all faculty and trainees, in addition to seminars specifically provided to the predoctoral psychology interns. Some internship sites also support other training activities, such as attendance at scientific-professional meetings, and allow for a specific percentage of effort for research. At UAB, all interns participate in weekly didactic seminars ranging from presentation of current research by faculty members, to issues in professional development and review of empirically based treatment interventions. Interns also are required to formally present their research (e.g., dissertation, project with a faculty member at UAB) to the faculty. In addition, child psychology interns participate in weekly specialty seminars focusing on neurodevelopmental disabilities as well as monthly seminars in pediatric psychology/ neuropsychology. The first two areas outlined by Spirito et al. typically receive little or no formal attention at most internship sites: life span developmental psychology and life span developmental psychopathology. Few distinct formal elements in internship training focus on these areas. Most interns obtaining specialty training in pediatric psychology will have had at least one course each in developmental psychology and psychopathology. Internship experience might provide opportunities for observing normally developing children as well as employing a developmental approach in the supervision process. Thus, internship training will primarily reinforce the acquired knowledge base in the context of clinical experiences both in settings (e.g., hospital-based inpatient, outpatient, ambulatory hospital clinic), as well as specific therapy cases. An example would be conceptualizing an individual child's reaction to medical treatment for cancer in view of demonstrated cognitive toxicities and emotional issues related to the disease. Another example might be basing a diagnostic assessment protocol on a particular contemporary theory of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Moreover, many supervisors will have the intern review empirical literature in developmental psychology and psychopathology relevant to each case. However, the coverage of these two areas will vary across internship sites as well as between supervisors within a participating internship site. Few internship sites have formal training components devoted to research methods and systems evaluation. Adding explicit research training at the site is not the norm at the majority of internship sites. Nonetheless, some sites allow for research activities, by setting aside up to 1 day per week to be devoted to research and requiring all interns to complete a project during the year. The site may also support the intern presenting research at a conference. We believe this approach is valuable for reinforcing the scientist-practitioner role as the intern transitions from graduate school where research may have been readily espoused. The absence of some attention devoted to research training can suggest to the trainee that this role is only a theoretical notion. Therefore, even pri-


A critical challenge for clinicians and educators working in HIV prevention is the development of effective instructional strategies. Social learning theory suggests that outcome motivation may be altered through social modeling and vicarious learning. These investigators randomized 152 undergraduate students to no intervention or to …


Although today's advance process function technologies can provide ultimate optimization for chlorine residual control in waste water effluent, there are waste water organizations that are not taking advantage of the time and cost savings automatic control provides. Utilizing basic control methods to gain control of the process would realize big savings without the need to upgrade hardware like PLC (programmable logic controller). In such cases, once the process control strategy is defined, updating the PLC program to gain automatic control of effluent chlorine residual can be completed in a single day. Tuning may require additional time but the overall implementation cost proves to be very affordable with the immediate cost savings in chemicals. Gaining control of the process should always be maintaining the process variable, in this case the effluent chlorine residual measured, within predetermined range parameters. Control optimization will always result in maintaining the process variable at the desired control setpoint value. Chlorine waste occurs anytime the effluent residual measured is outside the predetermined range parameters. This presentation addresses how to implement basic automatic control of effluent residual without changing existing hardware. A specific example will be given as well as additional case study projects will be included and lessons learned. The audience for this paper will primarily be waste water treatment facilities owners.


Abstract In many linear regression problems, the values of the independent variable or variables may be subject to certain constraints. For example, the independent variables may necessarily be positive; as another example, the variables may not only all be positive but are powers of a single variable (e.g., polynomial regression on time). Previous writers considering the problem of obtaining confidence bands on a regression function for all values of the independent variable have not utilized such constraints; the usual basis for such bands has been the multiple comparison procedure of Scheffe which places no constraints at all upon the independent variables. Any procedure utilizing constraints will necessarily yield a uniform improvement over the method of Scheffe' (assuming both methods are applicable) in the sense of yielding narrower bands for a given confidence probability. In the present paper a non-trivial lower bound is obtained for the confidence probability associated with a multiple comparison...


An optimal control problem for a class of nonlinear distributed parameter systems is posed. By using a theorem of approximation theory, necessary and sufficient conditions upon the optimal controls are derived.


Visual Inspction technologies are widely applied in the modern production lines und proved their eficiency. They have wide successful upplication fields from the precise electronics devices inspection to the huge power plants monitoring, from the modern industrial producis inspection to the fruits and vegetable classification. To meet with these wide fields of upplications, many progresses have been introduced into the practicul visual inspection technologies. The wide dynamic range TV cameras have heen introduced to observe the speculur objects. Also, sophisticuted i,ptical-electronical LSI has been introduced to get the 3-11 shapes of electronics cr,mponent.s. Also, new kinds of image processing systems have been introduced in the visuol inspection field. High perftrmancr image processing LSIs are continuously designed and applied to many visuul inspection systems and other applications. New .software technologies haw been also introduced to the visual inspection applicutions. The field of visual inspection was e.stahli.shed in early 70.5, and now is expanding its effective field.5 und technologies Here. a part of these expunsions is discussed


Machine learning is a data-driven domain, which means a learning model's performance depends on the availability of large volumes of data to train it. However, by improving data quality, we can train effective machine learning models with little data. This paper demonstrates this possibility by proposing a methodology to generate high-quality data in the networking domain. We designed a dataset to train a given Graph Neural Network (GNN) that not only contains a small number of samples, but whose samples also feature network graphs of a reduced size (10-node networks). Our evaluations indicate that the dataset generated by the proposed pipeline can train a GNN model that scales well to larger networks of 50 to 300 nodes. The trained model compares favorably to the baseline, achieving a mean absolute percentage error of 5-6%, while being significantly smaller at 90 samples total (vs. thousands of samples for the baseline).


We study here the unhindered gravitational collapse of spatially homogeneous (SH) scalar fields $\phi$ with a potential $V_{s}(\phi)$, as well as vector fields $\tilde{A}$ with a potential $V_{v}(B)$ where $B=g(\tilde{A},\tilde{A})$ and $g$ is the metric tensor. We show that in both cases, classes of potentials exist that give rise to black holes or naked singularities depending on the choice of the potential. The strength of the naked singularity is examined, and they are seen to be strong, in the sense of Tipler, for a wide class of respective potentials. We match the collapsing scalar/vector field with a generalized Vaidya spacetime outside. We highlight that full generality is maintained within the domain of SH scalar or vector field collapse.


The oversea development in the field of electronic detonator in recent year was introduced in this paper.
Its basic principle was analyzed, furthermore, its reliability and safety was preliminarily discussed. Based on
technological advantage of electronic detonator above traditional detonator, the conclusion that electronic detonator is a
future opportunity in detonator industry was acquired.


On July 14, 2020, the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith (CDF) issued Samaritanus bonus (The Good Samaritan), beckoning the human family to take the Good Samaritan as the ideal in the care of all persons in critical and terminal phases of their lives. The import of this letter is understood best as seen through three prisms: (1) Fratelli tutti, the encyclical of Pope Francis signed at Assisi on October 3, 2020; (2) the Declaration on Euthanasia issued by the CDF in 1980; and (3) "the remarkable progressive development of biomedical technologies [which] has exponentially enlarged the clinical proficiency of diagnostic medicine in patient care and treatment [which] call for growth in moral discernment to avoid an unbalanced and dehumanizing use of the technologies especially in the critical or terminal stages of human life" (CDF, Declaration on Euthanasia, intro)


Hydrogen bonding between carboxylic acids and pyridines can be used as a means of chain extension. However, the reversibility of hydrogen bond formation does not allow the chain-extended structure to be fixed, and a temperature-dependent chain length results. Complexation between a tetrapyridyl species and a diacid is shown to counteract the reversibility of the hydrogen bonding. These complexes form thermoreversible three-dimensional supramolecular networks which have properties typical of low molar mass materials at high temperatures but polymeric properties at low temperatures. The complexes exhibited a glass transition and could form fibers from the melt yet exhibited a low-viscosity isotropic liquid at elevated temperatures. Atypically, a complex incorporating a 2,2',6,6'-tetrasubstituted biphenyl moiety was found to be liquid crystalline.


Background: Treatment of non-biologic-DMARD-IR1 (DMARD-IR) and biologic-DMARD-IR2 (bio-IR) PsA patients with upadacitinib (UPA) at 15 mg QD, an oral JAK1 selective inhibitor, resulted in significant improvement in signs and symptoms compared to placebo. Objectives: Using a pre-defined set of inflammation-related plasma protein biomarkers (pBM), to explore immunological pathway modulation by UPA 15 mg QD in PsA patients with active disease despite treatment with non-biologic or biologic DMARDs in the context of clinical response vs. non-response to treatment. Methods: Patients from the SELECT-PsA 1 (DMARD-IR) and the SELECT-PsA 2 (bio-IR) studies were randomly selected (PBO, n=100; UPA 15 mg QD, n=100 for each study). The levels of 92 inflammation related protein biomarkers (pBM) were analyzed using a multiplexed Proximity Extension Assay platform in plasma samples collected at baseline, week 2, and 12; change from baseline in protein levels was expressed as Log2 Fold Change; a Repeated Measure Mixed Linear Model was used to identify pBM modulated by UPA compared to Baseline, and those differentially modulated between responders (R) and non-responders (NR) according to ACR50, PASDAS Minimal Disease Activity, and PASI75 at week 12. Correlation of disease activity measures with relative levels of pBM were derived using Pearson's correlation; PASI score was transformed as Log10 (x+1) prior to the analysis. Functional pathway prediction was performed in silico with a commercial distributed software. Results: At baseline, the relative levels of 37 pBM correlated with at least one baseline disease activity measure, with a marked positive correlation of IL6 with musculoskeletal end points (PASDAS and DAS28CRP), and a strong positive correlation of IL20, IL17A, IL17C, and TGFA with baseline PASI. At the single pBM-level, treatment with UPA 15 mg QD resulted in a down modulation of pBM associated with T cells, myeloid cells, and IFN-, IL6-, and TNF-related pathways in both DMARD-IR and bio-IR PsA patients. Overall effects of UPA on single pBMs were broadly similar between DMARD-IR and bio-IR patients. However, analysis of pBMs differentially modulated by UPA in R vs NR indicated that favorable clinical response (achievement of ACR50, PASDAS MDA, and PASI75) in DMARD-IR patients was associated with the down modulation of pBMs predicted to be linked to IFN, IL10, IL17, IL22, and IL27 pathways; while favorable clinical response in bio-IR patients was associated with the down modulation of multiple pBM predicted to be linked to the IL17, IL23, and IL1 pathways. Conclusion: UPA effects in both DMARD-IR and bio-IR PsA patients likely stem from the direct and indirect inhibition of multiple biological pathways belonging to the adaptive and innate immune systems. Responder/Non-Responder analysis suggests a possible shift from a TH1 biased biology in DMARD-IR PsA patients to a more TH17 biased biology in bio-IR PsA patients. This apparent change in the disease biology of PsA patients after inadequate response to prior therapy could be attributed to the actual alteration of the disease biology, treatment outcome-based patient selection, or both. Considering the clinical efficacy of UPA in both DMARD-IR and bio-IR PsA patients, this observation highlights the importance of targeting multiple pathways with drugs such as UPA for the treatment of a broad range of PsA patients. References: [1]McInnes, I. et al. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, 16-17 (2020). [2]Mease, P.J. et al.Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, annrheumdis-2020-218870 (2020). Acknowledgements: AbbVie funded this study and participated in the study design, research, analysis, data collection, interpretation of data, reviewing, and approval of the publication. All authors had access to relevant data and participated in the drafting, review, and approval of this publication. No honoraria or payments were made for authorship. Disclosure of Interests: Thierry Sornasse Shareholder of: AbbVie, Employee of: AbbVie, Jaclyn Anderson Shareholder of: AbbVie, Employee of: AbbVie, Koji Kato Shareholder of: AbbVie, Employee of: AbbVie, Apinya Lertratanakul Shareholder of: AbbVie, Employee of: AbbVie, Iain McInnes Consultant of: AbbVie, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Gilead, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi Regeneron, UCB Pharma, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Gilead, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi Regeneron, UCB Pharma, Christopher T. Ritchlin Consultant of: AbbVie, Amgen, Celgene, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Sun, UCB Pharma, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Amgen, UCB


An easy simulation method makes it possible to introduce an environment-conscious manufacturing process. By considering the production flow to the mass flow, a process can be described as a block which calculates from in and out cost ratio. The manufacturing process can be described in a block diagram by connecting these blocks. The block diagram is turned into one block by equivalent transformations. It facilitates the comparison of cost at a manufacturing process change. And it is able to apply to CO2 emissions of a manufacturing process, too. This paper proposes the idea of a simple method to calculate costs and CO2 emissions on the process change.


In this paper, we review the efficacy of feeding lowtest-weight corn and green soybeans to pigs. With the wet spring and early frost in 1995, there could be an increased amount of low-test-weight corn and green soybeans. However, with proper handling, immature green soybeans and low-test-weight corn can be successfully and economically incorporated into swine diets without a significant drop in pig performance.


AbstractHigh-resolution simulations are conducted with the Weather Research and Forecasting Model to evaluate the sensitivity of wake effects and power production from two wind farm parameterizatio...


I HAVE been occupied at times for some years past with the study of this very mteresting substance, and propose here to describe a new reaction which I have observed, and which constitutes, I believe, the first colored reaction described as produced between pure gelatine and a perfectly colorless reagent. It is true that the precipitate produced in gelatine solutions by gallotannic acid is much deeper in color than the precipitant. But the straw-yellow color of gallotannic acid naturally leads to


Eugen Boltshauser and Jeremy Schmahmann, Eds. Cerebellar Disorders in Children. Clinics in Developmental Medicine No. 191–192, London: Mac Keith Press; 2012 (456 pages). It is with great pleasure that I introduce a recently published book on "Cerebellar Disorders in Children" to the distinct circle of readers of Neuropediatrics. The cerebellum is nowadays recognized as part of the central nervous system that essentially contributes to the coordination of movement as well as learning and attention, among other "higher cerebral functions." Like other parts of the brain the cerebellum is vulnerable, and cerebellar abnormalities are thus found in a large variety of acquired and inherited disorders. Not only the causes but also the consequences (i.e., the clinical and morphological features of cerebellar disorders) vary strongly depending on the patient's age. The different chapters of Cerebellar Disorders in Children are written by more than 30 well known authors from Europe, the United States, and Canada. The reference lists of the individual chapters appear complete and up to date, generally containing references up to the year 2010. A diligent selection of MR images is provided throughout the whole book to illustrate important radiological aspects of the different cerebellar disorders. High-quality printing ensured clarity of their essential details. Images and diagrams in the book are generally highly illustrative, in black andwhite; in addition, 27 highly attractive color plates are included at the back of the book. Cerebellar Disorders in Children is divided into 9 logical parts (encompassing 42 different chapters) and contains another 29 detailed tables, called "checklists," that are provided as an appendix. Apparently, the authors have not been forced to use a rigid format for their texts, whichmay have led to the current good readability of the book in some sections at the cost of less structured descriptions of clinical features, MR characteristics/neuropathology, pathogenesis, and treatment. The "checklists" offer helpful differential diagnoses including short comments and key references for selected clinical and radiological features. Although the authors point to their incompleteness, I rather admire the fact that these lists contain the most important considerations without being endless. Parts 1 to 3 fill the first 111 (out of 435) pages of the book. They cover the basic aspects of the embryological development and the final mature anatomy of the cerebellum and its circuitries, from a histological as well as radiological point of view. Furthermore, the physiologic functions of the cerebellum and the characteristic clinical features of cerebellar diseases are described. Part 4, another 100 pages, deals with cerebellar malformations. It is well organized and gives a wonderful overview of all different disorders that can be found under this umbrella. Instead of filling many pages with discussions on the most appropriate classification of these disorders, the authors of this book rely on logical definitions and appropriate descriptions of malformations, which is a relief to the reader. At almost 100 pages, part 5 deals with genetic and metabolic disorders. This part is also well organized and offers a comprehensive overview of the fast growing knowledge in this field. The final parts 6 to 9 are the smaller parts of the book but nevertheless they cover important and well described groups of acquired cerebellar disorders, among which are vascular, inflammatory, neoplastic and paraneoplastic, toxic and traumatic disorders. One might argue that it does not make much sense to spend a separate mini-chapter (35) on paraneoplastic cerebellar ataxia in Hodgkin disease, and better put this entity together with the other paraneoplastic syndromes (chapter 34 on Langerhans cell histiocytosis and chapter 38 on opsoclonusmyoclonus syndrome). As it is organized however, the table of contents gives a very helpful and quick overview of all different disorders that are described in this book. Altogether, Cerebellar Disorders in Children is a comprehensive and very readable, modern textbook. Its scientific content is of high quality and well organized. The reader is comfortably guided through a wide variety of genetic as well as acquired cerebellar disorders that manifest during the first 2 decades of human life, including the 9months before birth. I consider this book awonderful and unique standard, and look forward to using it during everyday practice in paediatric neurology.


AbstractThis study introduces a unique prototype system for structural health monitoring (SHM), SmartSync, which uses the building's existing Internet backbone as a system of virtual instrumentation cables to permit modular and largely plug-and-play deployments. Within this framework, data streams from distributed heterogeneous sensors are pushed through network interfaces in real time and seamlessly synchronized and aggregated by a centralized server, which performs basic data acquisition, event triggering, and database management while also providing an interface for data visualization and analysis that can be securely accessed. The system enables a scalable approach to monitoring tall and complex structures that can readily interface a variety of sensors and data formats (analog and digital) and can even accommodate variable sampling rates. This study overviews the SmartSync system, its installation/operation in the world's tallest building, Burj Khalifa, and proof-of-concept in triggering under dual e...


The objective of this work is to develop a software tool to improve the acquisition and treatment of data from lifetime measurements made by photoconductance techniques. Subsequently, an analytical expression for recombination is presented where surface recombination, Auger recombination and Shockley-Read-Hall recombination are included. This analytical expression is then fitted to the measured effective lifetime curve by nonlinear methods.


Cognitive reserve (CR) refers to the level of adaptability of cognition after brain changes. It is based on processes that allow the activation of new synaptic connections after neurodegeneration, which permits to better withstand the consequences. This reserve is constituted by the interaction of innate individual characteristics (intrauterine or genetically determined) and the exposure to different life experiences. It begins its devel - opment in early stages of life and continues its transformation up to advances ages. The sociodemographic variables reported as the main ones to build the reserve are education, leisure activities, lifestyle, socioeconomic level and intelligence. Several studies have considered it as a protective factor for Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Subjects with high levels of CR have lower prevalence and incidence of AD in comparison to those with low levels of reserve. CR would lead to a late onset of symptoms, despite not having any effect on the underlying pathophysiological process of the disease. The reserve would not prevent AD from developing, but it would compensate the symptoms and, therefore, delay their onset. In some cases, there is such compensation that the symptoms do not manifest. There is no validated instrument available for the Argentinian region that allows to measure this construct. The aim of this study is to adapt the Cognitive Reserve Questionnaire to the Argentinian population, to establish cut-off scores to distinguish between low, medium, high and superior levels of CR and analyze which variables could predict the total reserve score. The modifications introduced in the adaptation were evaluated through an expert judgment process. A total of 177 healthy subjects completed the Cognitive Reserve Questionnaire in its Argentinian adaptation (CRQ-a). Through the measure of quartiles, cut-off scores were established to determine low, medium, high and superior levels of the reserve. A lineal regression was made to evaluate if age, education, and sex might predict the level of CR. Three of the eight total dimensions and 16 of the 33 total items that make up the original questionnaire were modified. The mean of the total score obtained by the sample from the questionnaire was 15.06 with SD = 3.42. Scores under 13 reflected low CR levels, scores between 13 and 16 reflected medium levels, scores between 16 and 20 reflected high levels, and scores above 20 reflected superior levels. Education turned out to be the only predictor variable for the level of CR. Although differences were found between groups of different sex, this variable turned out to be not predictive. The CRQ-a is the first instrument for the Argentinian population to measure the level of the reserve. It allows to quickly explore different dimensions, consid - ered as the most relevant for its formation. These are: formal education, courses, parents ' formal education, employment, musical training, languages, reading activity and intellectual games. In patients with AD, is particularly important to have a measure for CR to prepare interventions for those subjects whose reserve levels are perceived as low, aiming to delay and, when possible, prevent the clinical manifestation of the disease. Its validation would open future lines of research on possible interventions for the prevention of diseases such as AD.


Widely linear beamforming is known to outperform the conventional adaptive beamforming by fully employing the non-circularity of non-circular signals. In this paper, a robust widely linear beamformer (WLB) is proposed to achieve satisfactory output and robustness in low computational complexity. The augmented signal-of-interest (SOI) covariance matrix is built by performing integration over SOI angular sector. The principal eigenvector of the augmented SOI covariance matrix is taken as the SOI extended steering vector. The received signal vector is projected into the interference-plus-noise subspace to remove the SOI component and derive the augmented interference covariance matrix. The augmented noise covariance matrix is added to the derived augmented interference covariance matrix so that the augmented interference-plus-noise covariance matrix can be reconstructed. The proposed WLB possesses lower computational complexity than the state-of-the-art WLBs due to the avoidance of convex optimization programming. Numerical simulations illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed WLB.


The study reported here of the relationship between the frequency of ventricular premature contractions during longterm electrocardiographic recording and the presence of ventricular dysfunction due to coronary artery disease indicates that a direct relationship between these two factors exists. The presence of ventricular asynergy observed during ventricular angiography was the only parameter, among a number of other hemodynamic factors studied which demonstrated such a relationship. The degree of ventricular premature beats, aberrancy or coupling interval duration, did not appear to have any desciptive significance.


Over the past two decades, breakthroughs in basic science have revealed the genetic etiology for several inherited arrhythmias. Onset of arrhythmias often commences in childhood and adolescence. The aim of the article is to provide a succinct overview of the genetic background of diseases that may cause life threatening arrhythmias in children and provide a description of reported genotype-phenotype relationships. Inherited channelopathies, namely, those causing long QT syndrome, short QT syndrome, catecholamine sensitive ventricular polymorphic ventricular tachycardia and Brugada syndrome and two cardiomyopathies (hypertrophic and arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia) associated with ventricular arrhythmias are discussed.


Drum assembly of the present invention, and a method for winding a rope onto the drum, using the oscillator device, when the rope is wound onto the drum, giving a vibration to the rope. Oscillator device, when the rope is wound onto the drum, instantaneously and over time increase or decrease the load on the rope, when the rope deviates in the opposite direction from the straight line path with respect to the drum, in the tension of the rope to generate a difference dynamic change. Typically the load on the rope is rapidly changed by the vibration, while the rope is wound onto the drum, it is added to all the loads given to steel. By thus load is changed, tension possible in the interior of the rope is typically reduced, thus compressing the rope on the drum is promoted. .The


On the basis of the co-existence of word-borrowing and word-building and the existence and the emergence of wording-borrowing, a query to the negation of "four styles and two usages" to the meaning of word-borrowing is raised. From an analysis of the origin of the problem and the deficiency of the traditional word-building structure, started with the analysis of wording-borrowing, a reconstruction of the theory of the structure of Chinese characters is discussed.


To enhance the data transmission throughput and anti-interference ability efficiently, a method adding new packets with BCH encoding to the Bluetooth 2.0+EDR specification was proposed. The packet properties of new packets were deduced based on the packet definition of Bluetooth specification. The relationship between packet retransmission probability and average received SNRs of Bluetooth 2.0+EDR specification's DH packets and new BCH packets were analyzed, and then the throughput of DH and BCH packets in different SNRs were investigated. The simulation result shows that adding new packets with BCH encoding to Bluetooth 2.0+EDR specification can improve the anti-interference ability and enhance data transmission throughput greatly in AWGN channel.


This article progresses the debate on the under-researched topic of return on investment (ROI) in international assignments by complementing and extending recent research streams on the conceptual understanding and challenging nature of measuring ROI. The study reported in this article applies an action research methodology. Working in close collaboration with nine multinational companies, a set of metrics were developed to explore and gauge the ROI of international assignments. An in-depth exploration of the assignment purpose and individual and organizational outcomes over time highlights the importance of context and the dynamic nature of the task of assessing ROI. These themes have significant implications for international assignment strategy policy and practice. Insights from an action research perspective are discussed.


To completely transform the transplanted foreign law and to update the traditional concept of litigation and to resolve the litigation delays,inefficiencies and high cost of litigation,in the 20th century and the early 21st century,Taiwan had a great change of perpetuating civil testimony system,which was from the legislative concept to the specific content.The new system which contains the concept of safeguarding procedural corpus' right and expanding the capacity of litigation to resolve disputes and dredging and reducing and preserving litigation dispute,and in the time of implementing these ideas in a specific system,the practices of expanding the scope of the perpetuating civil testimony,of provisions and guide clients to reach agreement in perpetuating testimony and of strictness procedural safeguards in the perpetuating testimony,will play a good role in the reforming perpetuating civil testimony system on the mainland of China.


OF THE DISSERTATION A General Framework of Large-Scale Convex Optimization Using Jensen Surrogates and Acceleration Techniques by Soysal Degirmenci Doctor of Philosophy in Electrical Engineering Washington University in St. Louis, 2016 Professor Joseph A. O'Sullivan, Chair In a world where data rates are growing faster than computing power, algorithmic acceleration based on developments in mathematical optimization plays a crucial role in narrowing the gap between the two. As the scale of optimization problems in many fields is getting larger, we need faster optimization methods that not only work well in theory, but also work well in practice by exploiting underlying state-of-the-art computing technology. In this document, we introduce a unified framework of large-scale convex optimization using Jensen surrogates, an iterative optimization method that has been used in different fields since the 1970s. After this general treatment, we present non-asymptotic convergence analysis of this family of methods and the motivation behind developing accelerated variants. Moreover, we discuss widely used acceleration techniques for convex optimization and then investigate acceleration techniques that can be used within the Jensen surrogate framework while proposing several novel acceleration methods. Furthermore, we show that proposed methods perform competitively with or better than state-of-the-art algorithms for several


Foster put forward the application of flat characters and circular characters in his novel The Face of Novels. This paper tries to analyze the creation of characters in his masterpiece Howard Manor with his own literary and artistic theory of characters in the novel.