It is now widely accepted that links exist between spatial behavior and certain mechanisms of social organization in many organisms (Ardrey, 1966; Leyhausen, 1965; Sommer, 1969). Of particular importance in this connection is territoriality, which has been suggested as a key factor linking social behavior and population dynamics in several vertebrate species (WynneEdwards, 1965). The main thesis of this paper is that for humans, territoriality serves as an important organizer of behavior on several levels, and that human territoriality should not be treated primarily as a property defense phenomenon. Until a decade ago, most research on territoriality involved only subhuman animals; among these animals the phenomenon has been found to be complex, appearing in a wide variety of different forms and functions across the vertebrate species (Carpenter, 1958; Klopfer, 1968). The animal expression of territoriality has often been summarized as the defense of particular spaces by individuals and groups.


There is a functional relationship among tempering hardness H,tempering temperature T and tempering time t in quenched and tempered steels.The hardness data of three kinds of steels were collected by using austempering tests.These data indicate that the tempering hardness change show as two obviously different stages,i.e.fast decrease and slow decrease,during austempering for quenched and tempered steels.This change rule can be described with a double exponential distribution functional relationship:H(T,t)=a(T)e-b(T)t+c(T)e-d(T)t.The change of parameter {a(T),b(T),c(T),d(T)} with temperature in double exponential function can be expressed as a quadric polynomial function of temperature.The fetching value set of the parameter{a(T),b(T),c(T),d(T)} under different conditions of austempering can be calculated by the nonlinear fitting of the experimental data.The coefficients in quadric polynomial function can be calculated by linear regression analysis of data for the fetching value set.These coefficients relate to the chemical composition of the steels,and can be known as the characteristic coefficient of hardness change of quenched steels during tempering.


Xiaoshimen silver-gold deposit is located in outer-ring of Xiaoshigon copper-molydenum deposit and belongs to a part of the Cu-Mo ore-forming system.There are 3-over-1 000 m-long Au-Ag mineralization zones in the area.And they contain 17 ore bodies.The ore bodies are in the siliceous dolomite,controlled by NNE direction fault and bedding decollement fault and have close relationship with phophyritic diorite and monzonite.The ore bodies are non-regular veins,lenses and bursaes.The wall-rock alteration minerals are limonite,pyriteIt,silicate and carbonate.The study on the sulfur isotope,REE,ore-forming temperature and inclusions suggest that the ore deposit is possiblely a mid-lower temperature hydrothermal filling deposit.


The subject of this case study-Karen Hill-represents a modest success for the California reform movement in mathematics at this point in the implementation process. Karen's views about mathematics teaching have undergone change as a result of using the new, more conceptually oriented math curriculum adopted by the district. Given support and encouragement by her school and district, these changes in viewpoint might eventually lead to changes in her classroom practice. At the present time, however, the evidence is at best mixed: although Karen does show some willingness to experiment with the innovations called for by math reformers, her teaching of mathematics remains very traditional.


The collaboration between mobile service robots and household appliances in smart home is proposed based on IGRS protocol. By defining a series of protocol standards, Intelligent Grouping and Resource Sharing (IGRS) protocol supports auto-discovery, dynamic networking, resources sharing and collaborative service among multiple intelligent information devices. Two dimensional and three-dimensional positioning approaches are designed for mobile robots to implement assigned tasks in specific work paths. Zigbee modules and IGRS protocol are used to realize robots' location awareness, thereby achieving the collaboration among different intelligent devices. Multi-robot collaborative strategies are proposed. During the process of collaboration, grouping strategy can enhance the efficiency of resource usage and promote the accomplishment of tasks and it consists of 5 steps. Delegation is an important strategy of coordinated control. For each robot, the delegation should be implemented on the basis of robots' capability list.


1. David Blitz
 1. is head of quantitative research at Robeco in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. (d.c.blitz{at}robeco.nl)

2. Wilma de Groot
 1. is head of Core Quant Equities at Robeco in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. (w.de.groot{at}robeco.nl)

1. To order reprints of this article


A new method was developed for determination of the hydroxyl radical in Fenton reaction by spectrophotometry. Bromocresol purple react with hydroxyl radical, then the absorbency of the solution was declined. It can be used to determine the hydroxyl radical indirectly due to the change of absorbency. The antioxidant activities of ten kinds of fruits was thus determined. The results showed that the antioxidant activity of Chinese goosebeery was the strongest. It eradication rate to hydroxyl radical was 76.3 %.


With the increase of life span, normal ageing and age-related memory decline are affecting an increasing number of people; however, many aspects of these processes are still not fully understood. Although vertebrate models have provided considerable insights into the molecular and electrophysiological changes associated with brain ageing, invertebrates, including the widely recognised molluscan model organism, the great pond snail (Lymnaea stagnalis) have proven to be extremely useful for studying mechanisms of ageing at the level of identified individual neurons and well-defined circuits. It's numerically simpler nervous system, well-characterized life cycle and relatively long lifespan make it an ideal organism to study age-related changes in the nervous system. Here, we provide an overview of age-related studies on L. stagnalis and showcase this species as a contemporary choice for modelling the molecular, cellular, circuit, and behavioural mechanisms of ageing and age-related memory impairment.


The identification of the type of ammunition used during the commission of a crime is very often a critical aid to the investigation: for instance, matching a cartridge used in a crime to that found on a suspect, or the determination of which of two possible shooters fired the fatal shot. The physical differences of the cartridges and the chemical composition of the components should make it possible to differentiate ammunition using a number of unique factors. A prototype database of both chemical and physical factors has been designed and established that can be searched easily to identify a cartridge. The composition of the gunshot residue, the projectile and the cartridge case indicators were analyzed and recorded. Because of its common use, .22 caliber ammunition has been investigated, however, the parameters and the principles of the database can be applied equally to other calibers.


It seems like the age of the Jetsons has arrived. Smart home automation is here to stay. As smart home networks and devices, including smart locks, ...


Big data analytics has given us the ability to analyze massive amounts of data, but it has also put privacy at a risk. Personal information may be present in data processed by big data analytics, which must be preserved. Existing privacy preservation strategies, such as anonymization, necessitate dividing a dataset into a set of sensitive, quasi-identifiers and non-sensitive properties. It may be conceivable to have such a distribution with structured data, but it is difficult to detect sensitive features and quasi-identifiers in unstructured data. Big data generates massive amounts of data that are heterogeneous in nature and includes a range of different sorts of data, including text, image, audio and video. Traditional data extraction technologies are ineffective in the context of this massive influx of unstructured big data. This paper present a survey of various information extraction techniques for unstructured big data analytics with a context of privacy preservation.


bear amine and hydroxide at C2 and C3 with different substituents at C1, the synthetic intermediate being useful toward diverse sphingosine analogs should have properly protected C1-hydroxide group independent to the C2-amine and C3-hydroxy group protections. Thereby, an appropriate protection strategy must be devised to allow protection of amine and hydroxide groups at C2 and C3 while the hydroxide at C1 is blocked independently to leave one extra hydroxide at C4 naked. At first the substrate D-


Will the biotechnology revolution improve the living standards of poor rural farmers in developing countries? The Green Revolution showed that the economic and social structures in a society play a larger role in determining how innovations affect people than the scientific content of the innovations. Social and economic structures within developing countries and within the international community will determine what crops are enhanced using biotechnology, which traits of the crops are altered, and how the new seeds and plantlets will be distributed. The fact that the private sector is taking the lead in biotechnology rather than public sector institutions has important implications for developing countries. Crops with high public benefits will not be developed by the private sector if they are not profitable. The public sector and nonprofit sector, in collaboration with the private sector, have important roles to play to ensure that the benefits of biotechnology are available to the poor in developing countries.


This paper has two objectives. One is to propose a way to build perfect reconstruction multi-lters. = cI: In the scalar case (r = 1) there are standard constructions of H 1 , F 0 , F 1 from a suitable H 0. A new procedure is needed for multi-lters, because matrices do not commute. Our second purpose is to produce two speciic pseudo-biorthogonal wavelet bases for L 2. We start with the piecewise cubic Hermite functions 0 (t) and 1 (t). These are \\nite elements" supported on 0; 2]. They are the scaling functions for a particular multi-lter H 0 with r = 2. The connection between the lter coeecients h 0 (k) and the Hermite cubics is the matrix dilation equation (t) = X h 0 (k)(2t ? k); (t) = 0 (t) 1 (t)] T The basis f 0 (t?k); 1 (t?k)g for the subspace V 0 is not orthogonal. Our construction of the 2 2 matrix F 0 yields f 0 (t) and f 1 (t) supported on 0; 4]. The two bases are pseudo-biorthogonal. Then the construction of H 1 completes the nite elements f i (t ? k)g to a wavelet basis for L 2 , and F 1 produces pseudo-biorthogonal wavelets. A similar construction completes the r nite element basis functions of degree 2r?1 to a wavelet basis and also produces a pseudo-biorthogonal basis | all functions having short support and symmetry. We also discuss the pseudo-biorthogonality itself.


Precision studies of Raman scattering in isotopically pure 28 Si, 29 Si, and 30 Si single crystals have been performed in the temperature range from 8 to 300 K. It was found that the quantum effects manifest themselves noticeably at low temperatures ( T  "  100 K ) . This can be seen from the difference ∼ ( 0.4  ±  0.1 ) cm − 1 between the normalized frequencies of two extreme 28 Si and 30 Si isotopes, while at room temperature, quantum effects are not visible and are comparable with the measurement error of frequencies ( 0.1 cm − 1 ) . Raman scattering in silicon isotopes in the region of noticeable quantum effects has been studied under hydrostatic conditions at pressures to 12 GPa and at a temperature of Т  =  80 K. Quantum effects are not changed


A plate sinking in supersonic flow rapidly with pure acceleration was shown recently to have a flow structure and force behavior similar to those caused by a large-amplitude step motion, and this f...


This research, on the one hand, aims to draw attention to a travelogue which has found little space for itself in its penned geography, on the other hand, it aims to think through its observations on the dogs of Istanbul. It seems that the book's title is given as Washed By Four Seas, which it is understood the author thought and reflect his the literary talent on it, apparently this led to overshadow the understanding the geographical content of the book. However, the distinctive feature of the work is one of the remarkable travelogues especially of the Balkans. Therefore this article, gives a brief introduction of the book, which highlighted to region's issues of potential like culture, economy, military history, transportation. Then, it will be passed on to the author's observations on the dogs of Istanbul which he gave the seperate chapter in his book. And, in the discussion section, some questions will be asked about the stray dogs of history in the Ottoman province through authour's narratives and beyond. Lastly, it will be emphasized the importance of reading the issue from the silent countryside by the contribution of the social and human science features of history.


In this paper, we tackle the problem of network congestion in IEEE 802.11p-based vehicular networks and propose a novel mechanism for the combination of power and message interval control in a single algorithm loop, which outperforms separate power and interval control algorithms. The solution addresses the need for controlling the load generated by periodic messages and is the result of extensive comparative simulations aimed at identifying the most effective combination strategy. A reference system in-line with the ongoing European standardization activities is adopted.


The complex answer to why the United States does so poorly in health measures has at its base one pervasive issue: The United States has by far the highest levels of inequality of all the rich countries. Inequality Kills Us All details how living in a society with entrenched hierarchies increases the negative effects of illnesses for everyone. The antidote must start, Stephen Bezruchka recognizes, with a broader awareness of the nature of the problem, and out of that understanding policies that eliminate these inequalities: A fair system of taxation, so that the rich are paying their share;support for child well-being, including paid parental leave, continued monthly child support payments, and equitable educational opportunities;universal access to healthcare;and a guaranteed income for all Americans. The aim is to have a society that treats everyone well-and health will follow. © 2023 Taylor & Francis. All rights reserved.


Objective To investigate epidemical situation of drinking-tea fluomsis in Qinghai province, in order to understand diet structure to provide the scientific basis for the prevention and control and the scientific research. Methods In 2007, according to "Scheme for Survey on Epidemical Drinking-tea Fluorosis", we carried out an customized investigation in 28 counties, 3 townships sampled in each county, 2 villages in each township, 50 adults and 50 school-age children in each village; at same time, 1 monk temple was sampled in each county, 50 clergy adults and 50 children in each temple. Then we investigated the resident income, the diet structure, the brick tea consumption and so on, and applied Dean method to diagnose dental fluorosis. The patient number estimated based on the survey result. Results ①Yeady per capita income of people was mostly 500 - < 1000 yuan, next 1000 - < 3000 yuan; economic income in pasturing area was higher than that of agriculture, half area and half agriculture and half pastoral region and township. ②Staple food was bread flour primarily in the animal husbandry agricultural half pastoral area,next were the roasted barley and the rice;the bread flour was the principle food in the agricultural region and the cities,next were the rice and the roasted barley;among non-staple food,meat came fimt and milk foHowed,egg the last.③The frequently edible vegetables Was potato.cabbage and green pepper,eaten by a majority of people[62.82%(6497/10 343)];as for fruits,apple,pear and orange was primarily consumed,75.95%(7856/10 343)of people ate less than 10 times every month.④Sixty-one thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine residents were registered,153 335 kg ofbrick tea was consumed in villages and towns,2.47 kg per person;in 1001 monks investigated,4120 kg of brick tea was consumed every year,4.12 kg per person.⑤Detection rate of adult dental fluorosis in the villages and towns was 24.11%(2494/10 343),that of the children was 24.38% (3012/12 355);detection rate of dental fluorosis in monks was 26.13%(203/777),that of the children was 39.73% (89/224).⑥Detection rate of adult skeletal fluorosis in villages and towns was 15.60%(17/109);that of monks was 4.88%(2/41).⑦The 95%confidence limit estimated a total number of dental fluorosis patients were 1 084 306- 1 134 170 persons.the median Was 1 109 238 persons;the 95% confidence limit estimated a total number of skeletal fluorosis patients were 309 177-758 199 persons,the median was 533 688 persons.Conclusions Qinghai province has a great quantity of brick tea consumption,having lots of people with drinking-tea fluorosis which is in severe degree.The resident food structure was monotonous and mostly transpolted from other region.

Key words:
Fluoride poisoning; Tea; Fluorosis,dental; Osteofluorosis; Diet surveys


A square shaped, low noise and high photo-response single photon avalanche diode suitable for circuit integration, implemented in a standard CMOS 180 nm high voltage technology, is presented. In this work, a p+ to shallow n-well junction was engineered with a very smooth electric field profile guard ring to attain a photo detection probability peak higher than 50% with a median dark count rate lower than 2 Hz/μm2 when operated at an excess bias of 4 V. The reported timing jitter full width at half maximum is below 300 ps for 640 nm laser pulses.


The main idea mentioned in the research article is to highlights Islamic Concept, regarding women's employement outside her home. It through light on the areas of women's work in the appropriate community. Both, positive and adverse effects have been discussed in the light of Islamic Shariah. The research aims to clarify and explain the teaching of Islam regarding women's work outside in respect to the prevailing scenario, where there are many organizations who claim to wrk for the cause of women rights. The researchers concludes that the foremost and basic responsibilities of women is to look after her family and home, whole heartedly. It is the most valuable and most respectable of all her duties, she can share with the men. However, in some cases women is compelled to work outside her home due to social needs or sometimes as per her own desires. But it should be within the frame work of Islamic rules of conduct. Any type of violation of Islamic Shaiah in this regard may cause long term and deep rooted problems.


Cooperative MIMO network, which consists of multiple relay nodes equipped with a single antenna, is introduced in this paper. Virtual MIMO is examined with multi-relay cooperative communication. Performances of Distributed Space-Time Block Code (DSTBC) in cooperative MIMO are analyzed and compared with general cooperative diversity protocols. Diversity multiplexing tradeoff (DMT), outage probability of DSTBC and pair-wise error probability (PEP) of virtual MIMO with DSTBC are derived in detail with equation denotation presented. Numerical Results of DMT and outage performance indicate that, DSTBC could provide full spatial diversity in two cooperative nodes, and it outperforms other cooperative protocols such as Amplify-and-Forward (AF) and Selection Decode and Forward (SDF) with the increase of cooperative nodes. Meanwhile, Monte Carlo simulation of average error performance in cooperative MIMO network reveal that, with the increase of cooperative nodes, DSTBC could obtain both spatial diversity gain and coded gain. In addition, higher order modulation with the increased number of relays could also enhance BER performance in multi-relay cooperative MIMO network. Theoretical results are confirmed by means of simulations.


Small-scale fishers and aquaculturists in the global south often face reinforcing feedbacks between resource degradation and livelihood impoverishment, a situation conceptualized as a social-ecolog ...


(57) Abstract: Amycolatopsis - orientalis (Amycolatopsis orientalis) microorganism belonging to the species or extracts obtained from the microorganism, or obtained from microorganism, using an effective enzyme against hydroxide , the ML-236B substance and its derivatives, 6'very effective conversion to hydroxide product is described. The resulting product, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor or because it is suitable as an intermediate, the product, for example, can be used as a pharmaceutical in the anti-hypercholesterolemic agents (antihypercholesterolemic) .


The results of a survey on satisfaction and fatigue of teachers, students and parents from the distance learning preparation and the first week of its conduction are presented. Distance learning was introduced by the Ministry of Education on March 16, 2020 in connection with the state of emergency announced by a decision of the National Assembly of Bulgaria of March 13, 2020, related to the COVID
19 pandemic. The purpose of the survey is to improve the next stages of distance learning by taking into account the experience of its participants (teachers, parents, students).


Abstract: Deafness has an impact on language skills in children. As a result little information received by children so that children have difficulty understanding the reading on the subjects of Bahasa Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the influence of SQ3R technique in learning to read children with hearing impairment class I in SMPLB-B Karya Mulia Surabaya, especially in terms of reading comprehension on learning Indonesian. This study uses a quantitative approach to research the type of pre-experiment and design of the study one group pre-test - post-test design. Subjects studied children with hearing impaired class I in SMPLB-B Karya Mulia Surabaya amounted to 7 people. Test data collection techniques such as statistical data analysis techniques with the non-parametric Wilcoxon test formula match pairs test. The results of data analysis showed that the initial test / pre-test average obtained is 54.29 and given treatment after the final test / post-test with the average obtained for 80 This suggests that there is a significant increase. The value of Zh = 2.368 is greater than the critical value of 5% Zt = 1,96 which means Ho is rejected and Ha accepted so it can be said the influence of the use of SQ3R technique on the ability to read the understanding of hearing impaired children in SMPLB-B Karya Mulia Surabaya. Keywords: Glass analysis, beginning reading


This chapter presents the author's empirical research and political activism, in order to introduce clearly the methodology of the subsequent chapters, which draw on a variety of ethnographic, scriptural, historical and secondary academic sources.


To aid in the diagnosis of liver disease, punch biopsy techniques have been in use at the University of Michigan Hospital during the past six years. The information gained from such examinations has often been found diagnostic in itself, and also extremely useful when correlated with data from other laboratory studies and clinical examinations. A review of the information gained from 107 punch biopsies of the liver during a five-year period (1951-1956) is presented here, together with similar data from 172 consecutive open biopsies of the liver during a three-year period (1953-1956). This review was undertaken to evaluate these procedures as performed and interpreted in this hospital and to attempt to establish criteria for their use. The advantages of the punch biopsy are obvious: simplicity, economy, and avoidance of a general anesthetic. The chief disadvantages are possible hemorrhage, post-punch bile leaks, and difficulty in obtaining specimens adequate for histological interpretation.


Program slicing is an effective technique for narrowing the focus of attention to the relevant parts of a program. The dynamic slice contains only those statements that actually affect the variables in the slicing criterion, thus it is useful in software debugging, testing and maintenance. This paper proposes a new approach to dynamically slice object-oriented programs (OOPs) based on modular monadic semantics. It abstracts the computation of program slicing as a language-independent object, slice monad transformer, which can be applied to semantic descriptions of the program analyzed in a modular way, forming the corresponding monadic slicing algorithms. Such algorithms allow dynamic slices to be computed directly on abstract syntax, with no needs to explicitly construct intermediate structures such as dependence graphs or to record an execution history. Simultaneously, it could describe the basic object-oriented (OO) features such as encapsulation, inheritance and dynamic binding well. It has excellent reusability and language-flexibility properties comparing with the current dynamic slicing methods for OOPs.


Abstract Colonial nostalgia figures prominently as a subject of post-colonial literature. Often defined in terms of absorbing, contaminating or retarding the desired liberation process of current or former colonies, colonial nostalgia is rarely viewed in the broader context of post-colonial studies as a positive, constructive intellectual influence. The question remains, however, whether or not the literary depiction of and identification with the colonial mindset is tanta-mount to "writing without a future." Could not colonial nostalgia, instead, point to a healthy and productive relationship between colonizer and colonized? How does the modern Dutch variant of colonial nostalgia compare with and differ from what is purportedly evident in the literatures of other colonial powers and so often the object of post-colonial criticism? A comparison of Cola Debrot's treatment of colonial nostalgia in his short story Mijn zuster de negerin (My Black Sister) with other, similar literary handlings of the same subject should help shed light on whether or not the Dutch variety of colonial nostalgia is unique or typical in its approach and possible effect. This investigation looks more generally into the special status of the Netherlands as a colonial power that remains attractive to its post-colonial "subjects' and into how the post-colonial lands remain particularly attractive to the Netherlands. Finally, interesting connections can be made to recent observations about Franz Kafka's European variety of colonial nostalgia.


Reentry is a basic mechanism of cardiac arrhythmias. In particular, torsades de pointes (TdP) is a spiral excitation wave reentry that meanders through the ventricles. Based on clinical studies showing that early afterdepolarization (EAD) precedes the development of TdP in patients with long QT syndrome type II, it has been suggested that ventricular arrhythmias are triggered by the development of EAD mediated by excessive prolongation of the action potential of ventricular myocytes inducing QT prolongation in ECG. However, the role of EAD in the generation of TdP remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the relationship between EAD and TdP initiation by constructing a 6 × 6 cm (600 × 600 units) myocardial sheet model consisting of a human ventricular myocyte model (Kurata et al., Biophys J, 2005) and performing simulations of excitation propagation. The EADs were assumed to occur in islands (clusters) in the ventricular tissue, and the relationship between the change in the number of EAD clusters and the spiral excitation wave (TdP) initiation was investigated. In the case of a single island (400 x 400 unit EAD cluster), spiral excitation wave initiations did not occur. On the other hand, spiral excitation waves were caused by dividing the 400 × 400 unit EAD cluster into 4, 9, and 16 islands. However, no spiral excitation occurred in the 25 clusters. This suggests that not only the spatial distribution of EAD clusters but also the cluster size influences the TdP initiation. Clustering EAD-evoked cardiomyocytes and discontinuous


In this work we discuss how the classical orbital angular momentum (OAM) and topological charge (TC) of optical beams with arbitrary spatial phase profiles are related to the local winding density. An analysis for optical vortices (OV) with non-cylindrical symmetry is presented and it is experimentally shown for the first time that OAM and TC may have different values. The new approach also provides a systematic way to determine the uncertainties in measurements of TC and OAM of arbitrary OV.


Abstract : The Adaptive Architectures for Command and Control (A2C2) project is a four-year effort sponsored by the Office of Naval Research to explore adaptation in command and control structures. The project's first experiment involves studying interaction between task structure and organization structure. Although the organization structure dimension of interest was clear, not enough was known of the dimensions of task structure to determine the dimension of interest without further study. This thesis describes a process for developing military operational scenarios within a task structure context. First, the author conducts a literature review, defines the dimensions of task structure applicable to this project, develops a grading scale for each dimension, gives examples of the dimensions and grades each example, and describes how changes in one dimension might affect other dimensions. Then a method for developing scenarios in accordance with a predetermined structure and visualizing tasks is described, including a task structure diagram and a description of a task design process using the diagram and the dimensions previously delineated. The author then applies the task design process by developing two scenarios for the first A2C2 experiment that differ across one dimension of task structure, coordination requirements. Finally, a description of the experiment is given, including discussion of operationalization of the scenarios and organization structures, and lessons learned from the experiment with regard to scenario design.


In Murakami Haruki's Nejimaki-dori kuronikuru ( The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle ),
the brilliantly insightful sixteen-year-old shojo , Kasahara Mei, is the most
important and complex companion to the protagonist, Okada Torn, in his
orphean search for his wife. As pointed out by Murakami himself (Murakami
1995b: 274), Mei plays multiple roles in Tom's journey, and I will argue here
that she challenges the novel's conventional genderization of the psychic
journey, whereby the unconscious, irrational, bodily, corrupt, cyclical "other"
is female to the rational, cerebral, clean, linear time-oriented consciousness of
the male.


Background: Spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) results in significant morbidity and mortality. Approximately 50% patients die within the first 30 days of the index hemorrhage, and of those who survive, only a minority is expected to be functionally independent. The ability to predict long-term functional outcomes may facilitate decision making in early management of ICH. This study aim to evaluate for the first time whether CHADS 2 score and CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc developed to stratify the risk of ischemic stroke among patients with AF is useful in predicting the functional outcomes among patients surviving their first spontaneous ICH. Methods: This single-centered observational registry was carried out between 1996 and 2010 and included 691 consecutive patients with the first spontaneous ICH. Results: Amongst these, 427 patients (60.1 ± 15.2 years, male: 62.5%) surviving the 30 days after the first ICH fulfilling the inclusion criteria were studied. At 1 year and 2 years, 52.9% and 54.8% patients had unfavorable outcome as defined as modified Rankin score of ≥3. In both univariate and multivariate analysis, increasing age, a higher pre-admission CHADS 2 and CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc scores surgical intervention for the ICH were associated with unfavorable outcomes. The c statistic of the CHADS 2 score as a predictor of favorable outcome was 0.59 (95% CI: 0.54-0.64, p <0.0001) with the optimal cutoff to predict favorable outcome at CHADS 2 ³1 with sensitivity of 73.9% and specificity of 39.4%. On the other hand, the C statistic of the CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc score to predict favorable outcome was similar to that of the CHADS 2 score (C-statistic: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.53-0.63, p =0.003) with the optimal cutoff at CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc ³3. The sensitivity and specificity were 67.7% and 46.3% respectively. Conclusion: The outcome of ICH patients surviving the first 30 days was poor. CHADS 2 and CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc appeared to be a reasonable score to predict long-term ICH outcomes.


Objective— Sulfatides are sulfated glycosphingolipids present on the surface of a variety of cells; however, their exact physiological function is not known. Recently, we have shown that the inhibition of sulfatide–P-selectin interactions leads to disaggregation of platelet aggregates. Methods and Results— In this study, we show that sulfatides activated platelets as they increased activation of GPIIb/IIIa (PAC-1 epitope) and expression of P-selectin on the platelet surface. Furthermore, sulfatides aggregated washed platelets in a dose-dependent manner and enhanced platelet aggregation in platelet-rich plasma. Previous activation of platelets was necessary for this effect. Monoclonal anti–P-selectin antibodies inhibited not only sulfatide-induced PAC-1 binding to platelets but also sulfatide-induced platelet aggregation, suggesting that sulfatides activate platelet GPIIb/IIIa via signaling through P-selectin. The proaggegatory effect of sulfatides was also observed in an ex vivo thrombosis model using whole blood and pulsatile flow at 37°C. In this model, sulfatides significantly enhanced platelet aggregation and the formation of platelet–leukocyte aggregates. Conclusions— We show that sulfatide-P-selectin interactions lead to subsequent platelet activation and P-selectin expression, forming a positive feedback loop that can potentiate formation of stable platelet aggregates. In addition, sulfatides enhance the aggregation of platelet–leukocyte aggregates. These mechanisms may play a significant role in hemostasis and thrombosis.


Background: Acne is a chronic inflammatory disease known to occur in adolescent age group. There are many myths and misconceptions in patients as well as health physicians regarding the causes and treatment of acne. Objective of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice towards acne vulgaris among acne patients attending skin outpatient department in a private medical college. Methods: This is a cross sectional, questionnaire based study conducted between January - April 2016. 100 patients having acne lesions were included in the study. Results: Majority of the study subjects belonged to the age group 15-24. The study showed that 72% had good knowledge. More than half of the study subjects had wrong belief that eating oily foods, chocolates, spicy food caused acne but more than 40% of the study subjects had good knowledge about the causes and aggravating factors like it worsens by squeezing/picking/rubbing (83%), commonly found in oily skin (67%), has seasonal occurrence (54%), associated with premenstrual flare (42%), aggravated with use of cosmetics (41%). Conclusions: The acne patients had poor practice and unfavorable attitude in spite of good knowledge. Many myths exist among patients. Despite being so common and very well responsive to treatment, it is a major cause of depression among patients.


Washing machine is a common equipment in liquid filled lines,there are many kinds of it.Based on the requirement of the basic technological processing and motion of the bottle-out of the soaking and rushing washing machine,the motion regulation of the key parts of bottle-pushing out was determined.The device of bottle-pushing out was analyzed and designed,it provided a references for cam curve designing of bottle-pushing out device.It is helpful to the washing machine optimization and series design and that makes the machine operating better with wide applieation.


THE vast production of Limoges champleve enamels received its fullest treatment by Rupin.1 His was an important work: it brought together the scattered literature in the publications of learned societies; it gave a general history of the subject; and it gave, what is still useful today, an inventory of objects. But as Marquet de Vasselot has pointed out,2 it is, in spite of its great value, deficient in two important respects: it contains only a very vague chronology, and there is little or no attempt to classify the material by style. "What classification there is is confined to a grouping by the shape of the objects, reliquary chests, crosses, pyxes, etc., and any further subdivision is by iconography.


Recently, following the period of fascination with services, we can hear more and more often about the need for reindustrialization in the European Union, as an opposition to the rapid development of the service sector. As a result of economic crisis of 2008–2010, instead of introducing new business models which implement a concept of servitization that would facilitate the functioning of the EU internal market, we have witnessed reinforced protectionist and interventionist tendencies in both the manufacturing and service sectors. The aim of this paper is to verify whether the European Union is facing deindustrialization and/or servitization processes in the context of the economic crisis of 2008–2010. We therefore analyse and evaluate changes in the contribution of certain manufacturing and service sectors to the EU economy and internal/external EU trade in the period of 2004–2012. The research shows an increasing importance of the service sector, especially manufacturing-related services, and especially in the period of the economic crisis. It seems that the expansion of the service sector has allowed entrepreneurs to join servitization and improve their competitiveness in the EU internal market. Thus, servitization may lead to reindustrialization rather than deindustrialisation in Europe.


Oxides can experience structural transformations resulting from variations in cation oxidation states or coordination geometry upon thermal treatment. Whether such structural distortions can affect the stability of high-entropy oxides has not been studied. In this research, a new, high-entropy, lanthanide sesquioxide, Gd0.4Tb0.4Dy0.4Ho0.4Er0.4O3 solid solution having a single phase, cubic-bixbyite structure was synthesized, with no phase transformation from room temperature to 1650 degrees C. The phase stability was examined via both in situ and ex situ, high-temperature, synchrotron, X-ray powder diffraction. This high-entropy oxide could inhibit the phase transformations occurring in constituent monocation sesquioxides, Tb2O3 and Gd2O3, via random arrangement of multications.


To validate a follow‐up protocol based on the long‐term outcomes and recurrence rates in patients who have undergone surgical treatment for olfactory neuroblastoma.


The end goals of international resource sharing can be summed up in two phrases – "Find it" and "Get it". This is what end‐users really care about. The information object, the real thing, is what they want and how and where are less important than when. It sounds so simple, but this is far from the reality. This paper reviews four of the key challenges surrounding global library resource sharing: the Internet and end‐user behaviour; languages and character sets; lack of a critical mass of online metadata for the world's libraries; and lack of a tradition of library co‐operation in many countries. It also describes the initiatives that OCLC has underway to tackle the challenges head‐on.


This paper investigates diversity in official development assistance by examining the existence of a unique identity in the development assistance provided by the Asian Development Bank (ADB). World Bank lending is used as a benchmark. The study covers lending from 1985 up to 2002, and the countries of China, Indonesia, Republic of Korea, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Thailand. Comparative analysis shows that even though it shares broad similarities with the World Bank, the ADB has apparent operational differences in terms of the discretion over and actual movement of its major types of financing, and in terms of the variables associated with its loan accumulations.


Objective To investigate the inhibition function of dihydroartemi-sinin(DHA) on human ovarian cancer HO-8910 cells nude mice model tumor growth.Methods Ovarian cancer HO-8910 cells were injected in a 3×107 cell/L concent-ration into the central lateral subcutaneous of the right armpit of nude mice of 4 weeks age.Construction of nude mice model of human ovarian cancer.Comparison of tumor weight and inhibitory rate after the intervention,determination of p-Akt expression in tran-splanted tumor by immunohistochemistry.Observation of morphological changes of tumor tissues in each group by HE staining in each group.Results ①Pat-hological observation shows cells have focal necrosis and cells become large,and loose cytoplasm,nucleus deeply stained,pyknosis,nuclear dissolution,nuclear fra-gmentation,chromatin lumps also can be found.②DHA showed significantly dosa-ge-dependent inhibitory effect on the transplanted tumors of human ovarian cancer HO-8910 cells.③Immunohistochemistry showed that,the expression level of p-Akt de-creased with the increasing dose of DHA.Conclusion DHA has si-gnificant inhibition function on human ovarian cancer nude mice model tumor growth,through the mechanism of down-regulating the expre-ssion of p-Akt.


A major drawback with linear precoding in a downlink multi-user MIMO system is the increase in the transmit power when a channel is correlated. On the other hand, nonlinear trellis precoding in downlink multi-user MIMO systems is capable of minimizing the transmit power by adding a shaping sequence to the original transmit sequence. However, conventional trellis precoding cannot be directly applied to existing bit-interleaved coded MIMO-OFDM systems since the trellis precoding and error correcting codes should be designed separately. In this paper, we proposed to embed trellis precoding into the error correcting codes that are used in the original multi-user MIMO-OFDM system employing linear precoding. Major advantage of this approach is that the receiving procedure at user terminals designed for the original system need not be changed up to the error correcting decoder to support our trellis precoding. Computer simulations show that the proposed trellis precoding provides improvements of 2 dB and 2.5 dB in 2 x 2 and 3 x 3 MIMO configurations, respectively.


The free and forced vibrations of a uniform cantilever beam with a translational elastic constraint at the beam tip and carrying a concen trated mass at an arbitrary intermediate point are analyzed. In the analysis, the base beam equation of motion is solved to obtain mode shape functions which satisfy all the geometric and natural boundary conditions at the beam ends. These functions are used in conjunction with Galerkin's method to obtain the free and the forced response. The key parameters are stiffness ratio, mass ratio and the position of the intermediate load. Partial computa tional results are compared with existing data: the agreement is good. For convenient use, the results are presented in dimensionless forms.


Based on the practic,below is an attempt to explain the path of superior subjects construction in central hospital,analyse the role and significance,and argue several important relationships need to be emphasized in it.


Eric Garner is choked to death in Staten Island, New York. Michael Brown is executed in the streets of Ferguson, Missouri. Another year passes and many more unarmed Black men die at the hands of law enforcement. Brutality against people of African ancestry continues to be justified by the American establishment. As citizens, how do we make sense of the police killing of unarmed young Black men? How do we make sense of the ways in which these killings continue to be justified by the White establishment? How do we talk to a new generation of children in ways that will prevent the horrors of racial profiling against Black people from being replaced by White supremacist narratives of justification? This article examines the entrenched racism in a country that started with a Declaration of Independence written by slave-owners, and how so many White people of all ages, religions, classes, and regions can claim not being prejudiced against African Americans while, under the same breath, justifying the police killing of unarmed African American men. It criticizes the colorblind movement and proposes ways to move toward more powerful narratives of solidarity and redemption for the historical violence against Black people in America.


This paper introduces the application of variable frequency technique to the elevator and hydro-system. Equipment operation efficiency and life have been improved dramatically by using this technique. It is shown that variable frepuency technipue is very effective for developing and innovating equipment.


Use of heavy construction machineries close to existing structures is complained for cracking of un-reinforced masonry structures. Domestic houses, which are built with un-reinforced masonry, are particularly vulnerable for cracking due to construction induced vibration. To limit the structural damage to masonry construction, Environmental Authority has come up with velocity 2mms'1 and frequency range of (10-50) Hz as the safe vibration level for masonry constructions. However, complaints of damages to masonry structures still exist at these threshold levels. Apart from masonry type, vibration impact also depends on the number of openings, shape and size of the openings and the fixity condition of the wall panel. In this study, wall panels with different openings that have sustained damages at the threshold vibration level during the construction activities of Colombo - Matara express way are analysed to evaluate the relevance of current threshold limit and determine the influence of the opening on the dynamic response of the wall panels. Dynamic finite element analysis conducted on the selected wall panels; based on actual vibration data collected from site during construction activities, strongly indicates that there is a direct correlation between stress pattern of the dynamic analysis and the actual crack pattern observed on the panel. Further analysis confirmed that the vibration has resulted in stress combination outside the experimentally establish failure surface for brick masonry confirming that the current limit is inadequate to safe guard against masonry cracking.


Work reported is on the development of a 30 MJ superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) untt for use by the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) to stabilize power oscillations on their Pacific AC Intertie. The 30 MJ superconducting coil manufacture was completed. Design of the seismic mounting of the coil to the nonconducting dewar lid and a concrete foundation 1s complete. Parts for the seismic mounting are delivered and coil mounting has started. Manufacture of the non¬ conducting dewar has started. The stainless steel dewar lid has been made, and a second lower cost aluminum lid has been ordered for testing the dewar. Design of the 5 kA vapor cooled leads Is complete and parts are being ordered. The refrig¬ erator was repaired and tested for the first time at Los Alamos . The heat rejection system, the high pressure gas recovery system, the converter, and parts of the refrigerator have all been operated with computer control. The uninter¬ ruptible power supply was delivered and successfully tested. The damaged 6 MVA transformer was repaired and delivered to the Tacoma Substa¬ tion. Detailed transient voltage analyses of the 30 MJ coil and related protective circuit were completed. The control and data acquisition system hardware is 95% complete and software is 70 to 80% complete. A health, safety, and environmental study of the BPA SMES installation was completed. BPA and the Los Alamos have The


Wearable robots provide a unique opportunity for exosuits to stimulate enhanced stability and strength. The problem is creating an exoskeleton suit for users that is powerful, but lightweight, portable, and accessible for different body shapes. The actuators' position to control the suit's movement dramatically affects how much force an exoskeleton suit can exert. In this preliminary paper, we present a simulation approach for finding optimal actuation positions towards a bio-inspired exoskeleton. This modular approach leads towards custom design of actuator positioning based on bodily measurements. We discuss our approach through modeling a soft exosuit designed for upper- extremity movement.


In a previous paper we have introduced the ortho-homological triangles, which are triangles that are orthological and homological simultaneously.
In this article we call attention to two remarkable ortho-homological triangles (the given triangle and its first Brocard's triangle), and using the Sondat's theorem relative to orthological triangles, we emphasize on four important collinear points in the geometry of the triangle. Orthological / homological / orthohomological triangles in the 2D-space are generalized to orthological / homological / orthohomological polygons in 2D-space, and even more to orthological / homological / orthohomological triangles, polygons, and polyhedrons in 3D-space.


Chapter 9 summarizes the volume asserting that the chapters herein provide compelling evidence that alters our conceptualization of hydropolitics in the Middle East. Understanding that the regional power structure, always in flux, is changing significantly today the authors offer critical insights into the future of water conflict, often in the context of growing water inequalities both between nations and within the nations themselves of the type that were a critical factor in the incitement of wide-scale unrest across the region, including the Arab Spring uprisings of 2011 and the Syrian civil war. The chapter amplifies the authors' arguments concluding that, without decisive international agreements over water sharing, dam construction, and improvements in national water governance policy, the world will face a future of dangerous growth in inequalities across the Middle East, and their attendant consequences in the form of insecurity and more conflict.


SummarySeven flocks of different composition of goat and/or sheep were evaluated for the presence of Muellerius capillaris (Mueller 1889) in sites of different climatic conditions and under different management practices in northwestern Argentina. The nematode was recovered and identified in four goat flocks and two mixed goat and sheep flocks. Three goat flocks and both mixed goat and sheep flocks were located in Lerma Valley (Salta), with the other goat flock located in Quebrada de Humahuaca (Jujuy). M. capillaris was not detected in the Puna of Jujuy (3500 m a.s.l.). First-stage larvae were recovered from fecal samples using the Baermann technique. Lungs from six goats revealed numerous small pulmonary nodules and areas of emphysema, as well as a small number of M. capillaris adults. This is the first report of M. capillaris in Argentina.


This paper is devoted to build the existence of mild solutions of impulsive neutral stochastic functional integrodierential equations (INSFIDEs) with infinite delay at abstract phase space in Hilbert spaces. Under the uniform Lipschitz condition, we obtain the solution for INSFIDEs. Sucient conditions for the existence results are derived with the help


In this study, we mapped the co-seismic deformation of the 2015 Mw 8.3 Illapel, Chile earthquake with multiple Sentinel-1A TOPS data frames from both ascending and descending geometries. To meet the requirement of very high co-registration precision, an improved spectral diversity method was proposed to correct the co-registration slope error in the azimuth direction induced by multiple Sentinel-1A TOPS data frames. All phase jumps that appear in the conventional processing method have been corrected after applying the proposed method. The 2D deformation fields in the east-west and vertical directions are also resolved by combing D-InSAR and Offset Tracking measurements. The results reveal that the east-west component dominated the 2D displacement, where up to 2 m displacement towards the west was measured in the coastal area. Vertical deformations ranging between −0.25 and 0.25 m were found. The 2D displacements imply the collision of the Nazca plate squeezed the coast, which shows good accordance with the geological background of the region.


Management of classroom teaching is the key link of the teaching action for language teachers.The effective classroom management concludes teachers' personal characteristics;action of establishing rapport,establish physical and psychological environment;task-based center;rational form of classroom organization.All of these can predict the problems that appear in the classroom management and how to deal with them.


The modern literature on divorce in Classical Athens is slight, the only detailed discussion that of W. Erdmann, Die Ehe im alten Griechenland (Munich 1934; repr. New York 1979) 384–403. A rare certainty in our knowledge is the ease with which a husband could terminate marriage. He had only to send his wife away, that is, back to her paternal family, and the marriage was at an end. From this it is tempting to infer that divorce in Athens was frequent, even casual. Not surprisingly that view has had a long tradition in works on marriage and family, law, society, and ancient Greece in general. It is a view almost surely incorrect, however, as the following examination of the evidence will show.


Town's heritage is the physical trace of its citizens and the living memory of its history. In this view, it gives next generations a better knowledge of their origins, and an improved visibility of the future of their shared space. Consequently, new architectural projects need to reinforce this historical progression, in which they are indeed a fleeting step. The aim of this research is to establish a convenient method that helps project's actors to explore an area of architectural propositions, without drafting them. The case study considers the problem of shop fronts renovation in Saint-Laurent Boulevard in Montreal city. By simulating architectural compositions, users are allowed to determine those who meet formalized criteria, and go with architectural characteristics of the site they will be inserted in. For this reason, we combine "actions' modeling" approach and "optimization technique" (using genetic algorithms) to develop an evolutionary modeling method that helps generating propositions for architectural composition problems. A new CAD environment is implemented to support this method. A number of tests, discussed at the end of the paper, conclude that this method is able to help users filtering relevant architectural options among a large number of computationally generated propositions. Further perspectives are drawn for coming developments.


A novel integrate micro magnetic pillar array with anisotropic magneto-resistive (AMR) structure for out-of-plane magnetic field detection has been proposed and demonstrated. The merits of this study are: (1) The magnetic pillar converts magnetic field from out-of-plane to in-plane and provide magnetic gain (G) where G≈1/N (N:demagnetization factor) [1]; (2) The micro magnetic pillar array can be batch fabricated and defined at appropriate locations, and further monolithically integrated with AMR sensor; and (3) The magnetic conversion efficiency can be easily further enhanced by increasing the density of magnetic pillar array. The AMR sensor with different magnetic pillar density has been implemented and measurements indicate that the AMR sensor with larger density of magnetic pillar array has better sensitivity and resolution for detecting out-of-plane magnetic field.


For over the thirty years, drag performance has been examined for its utility to subvert or reinforce traditional gender roles. Many of these examinations have focused on performances that emphasize subversion and separated drag into two categories: the progressive drag that subverts, and the regressive drag that reinforces. While this approach has provided a wealth of understanding about drag performance and gender roles, drag can be examined without separating its subverting/reinforcing aspects. If drag is seen as the consideration of a given gender performing the not given gender, then another consideration can be made to the subverting performing the reinforcing. This new consideration, referred to here as the divine , can provide new utility for drag performance and its role in understanding gender.


Keep fit for life : meeting the nutritional needs of older persons. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers' products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. The World Health Organization does not warrant that the information contained in this publication is complete and correct and shall not be liable for any damages incurred as a result of its use. The named authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this publication. Contents iii Abbreviations & acronyms vi Foreword vii 1. Summary of recommendations 1 1.1 Nutrient intakes 1 1.2 Food-based dietary guidelines 3 1.3 Phytochemicals 4 1.4 Water intake 4 1.5 Exercise and physical activity 4 1.5.1 Aerobic exercise 5 1.5.2 Strength training 5 2. Epidemiological and social aspects of ageing 6 2.1 Demography 6 2.2 Reasons for population ageing 7 2.3 Improvements in biological age 8 2.4 Health status of older persons 8 2.5 Functioning and disability 9 2.5.1 Coronary heart disease and stroke 10 2.5.2 Cancer 10 2.5.3 Osteoporosis and bone fractures 10 2.6 Nutrition problems in low-income countries 11 2.7 Malnutrition and food security 11 2.8 Government response to ageing populations 12 2.9 Prevention of chronic disease at every stage of life 12 2.10 Nutritional components in chronic diseases 14 2.10.1 Coronary heart disease 14 2.10.2 Cancer 14 2.10.3 Stroke 15 2.10.4 Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus 15 2.


Maktak, Coronation, and North Pangnirtung fiords are major confluent trenches in the dissected plateau of eastern Baffin Island. Fresh water and sediment from large outlet glaciers of Penny Ice Cap, and from smaller ice fields nearby, enter and pass along the fiords largely as surface overflow. Mixing with salt water beneath is inhibited near the fiord heads by the strong density gradient at the pycnocline. Patterns of current and suspended sediment deposition on the fiord floors are determined in part by the influence of Coriolis force. Despite a small tidal range (1.1 m), the absence of sills within the fiords allows free exchange of sea water and frequent or quasi-continuous circulation at depth. Except near the head of the fiords in high-energy environments of rapid sedimentation, bioturbation by molluscs and echinoderms destroys many of the fine sedimentary structures. However, from studies of grab samples and short cores, four principal processes of sedimentation are proposed: (1) infrequent deposition of coarse particles from ice rafting and subaerial rock fall; (2) settling from suspension in overflowing fresh water of fine sand and flocculated silt and clay at rates that probably do not exceed several millimeters per year except near the fiord heads; (3) gravity flows, including slumping of oversteepened subaqueous slopes, turbidity currents which produce thin, graded beds of moderately sorted sands, and nonturbulent liquified or fluidized flow depositing ungraded layers of well-sorted coarse sand (the latter may be important at the toe of Coronation Glacier where fresh water entering at depth rises to the surface leaving its coarse load to spread over the fiord floor); and (4) aeolian transport from the sandur surfaces depositing distinctive bands of medium sand.


Introduction The development of the pre‐stressed concrete form of construction for pressure vessels has made rapid strides in recent years. Vessels of this type possess obvious advantages for nuclear power stations, and those currently under construction in this country employ such vessels for the reactor containment. During the construction of one station — for which this Company was appointed Inspecting Authority — an unusual corrosion problem arose which may well be pertinent to other pre‐stressed concrete structures. The post‐tensioning method of pre‐stressing using tendons stretched through the concrete and anchored at the outer face of the vessel was employed. About nine months after installation of the tendons in the bottom caps of the two vessels, it was discovered that serious corrosion had occurred. The C.E.G.B. subsequently set up a Working Party on which all interested bodies were represented, in order to look into the causes and recommend preventative measures. Extensive investigations were m...


This is the report about the outline of the effect of fracturing made against the deep zones of Yabase oil field during the three years of 1957, 1958 and 1959, wherein the relationship between the main factors and the effect of fracturing is examined by analysing the substance of fracturing-work in the producing wells.The greatest effect of fracturing was observed on the newly drilled wells. Namely, 69 new wells at Yabase oil field were fractured in these deep zones from July 1957 to the end of 1959, and the total production of these wells reached 112, 600 kiloliters during 10 months. As to the several wells where comparison was possible between the productions before and after the fracturing, this comparison proved that the production of new oil well had increased nearly twice as much due to fracturing.Fracturing effect in existing oil wells was not so conspicuous as in newly drilled wells, nevertheless, sure increase of oil production was evidenced. As the result of individual oil well examination, it became clear that the fracturing did not give much effect to nearly a half of the total fractured wells, but the increased production from the remaining half oil wells served in the considerable gains in the Company as a whole.In order to find the influence of respective fracturing factors, 51 producing wells in VIII zone of Koya, Sotoasahikawa, and VIIIab and IX zones of Yabase district were studied, figuring out the production increase after fracturing. As a result, we found that various factors are so entangled each other that each factor can not be discussed singly. However, the most significant factors are in the potentiality of reservoir properties. And secondly, such as the length of completion interval and injection rate have comparatively remarkable influence. However, direct influence of sand concentration and over flush was not clearly recognized.


The basic features and law of development of Marxism lie in the combination of its fundamental principles with the specific conditions of different countries.In more than eighty years,China saw two great leaps in applying Marxism to its reality. In order to provide a more effective guide to China's socialist modernization,it is significant to summerize the successful experiences,to study the in herent law and to promote the theoretical construstion of Marxist application in China.


Electron transport across the magnetic field in Hall effect thrusters is still an open question. Models have so far assumed 1/B or 1/B scaling laws for the "anomalous" electron mobility, adjusted to reproduce the integrated performance parameters of the thruster. We show that models based on such mobility laws predict very different ion velocity distribution functions (IVDF) than measured by induced fluorescence (LIF). A fixed spatial mobility profile, obtained by analysis of improved LIF measurements, leads to much better model predictions of thruster performance and IVDF than 1/B or 1/B mobility laws, for discharge voltages in the 500-700 V range for a 5 kW Hall thruster.


The present study describes the sorption of fluoride on a potential and newly synthesized p-tetraaminocalix[4]arene based resin (p-TAC4 resin). The p-TAC4 resin was synthesized via immobilization of p-tetranitrocalix[4]arene (p-TNC4) onto the Merrifield resin followed by catalytic reduction with SnCl2/EtOH/HCl. The p-TNC4 and p-TAC4 resins were characterized using FT-IR, elemental analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Fluoride removal capability from the aqueous media of the p-TAC4 resin has been evaluated through batch sorption study. The effect of pH, sorbate concentration, sorbent dosage, and contact time on fluoride removal was evaluated. The Langmuir (L), Freundlich (F), and Dubinin–Radushkevich (D-R) isotherms revealed that the fluoride on p-TAC4 resin follows physiosorption mechanism. All the results support and emphasize that the p-TAC4 resin is an effective sorbent for the removal of fluoride from the aqueous environment at a wide range of pH. The study may confer its impact on human health, reinstate polluted sites and other fields such as analytical, clinical, as well as material sciences.


Large-scale homogeneous surveys of Galactic stars may indicate that the elemental abundance gradient evolves with cosmic time, which is a phenomenon that was not foreseen in existing models of Galactic chemical evolution (GCE). If this phenomenon is confirmed in future studies, we can show that this effect, at least in part, is due to largescale winds that once enriched the disk. These set up a steep abundance gradient in the inner disk (RGC . 14kpc). At the close of the wind phase, chemical enrichment through accretion of metal-poor material from the halo to the disk gradually reduced the metallicity of the inner region, whereas a slight increase in the metallicity proceeded beyond the solar circle. Our "wind+infall" model accounts for a flattening of the abundance gradient in the inner disk, in agreement with observations. Accordingly, we propose that enrichment by large-scale winds is a crucial factor in chemical evolution in the disk. We anticipate that rapid flattening of the abundance gradient is the hallmark of disk galaxies with significant central bulges.


ZnO has been widely used in electronic industries as semiconductor and photovoltaic materials. In this study, directly soldering ZnO thin film (ZnO-TF) coated on solar glass was achieved with ultrasound-assisted soldering iron using Sn3.5Ag4Ti(Ce, Ga) active solder at 250 °C in air. Results show that the active solder can rapidly wet and spread on ZnO-TF with ultrasonic assistance. No distinct intermetallic compound layer can be detected at the interface. With certain ultrasonic parameters, the average shear strength of solder/film joints reaches 23.9 MPa. Shear fracture occurs at the interface of joints and partial solder remains on the surface of the ZnO-TF, meaning that there is a firm bonding between the active solder and the ZnO-TF. Element analysis on fracture surfaces reveals that Ti content in the remnant solder on the ZnO-TF is higher than that in the solder matrix. Combined analyses based on adhesion theory and thermodynamic calculation manifest that Ti tends to adsorb at the ZnO film and the redox reaction between Ti and ZnO takes place during ultrasound-assisted soldering process.


This article investigates sociological approaches to understanding visions of emergent media technologies in order to emphasize the importance of human/nonhuman relations in processes and products of cultural (re)production. Of particular concern is how anticipation and expectation around speculative or future-oriented design serve to mobilize individuals and publics that actively work in the present to create some futures and not others. The article concludes with a set of questions to guide the development of relevant research methodologies.


In this work we study the radar cross section (RCS) of a raindrop using electromagnetic simulation sofware. Particularly we compare the response of two models of singular raindrops: the first one is a real raindrop shape model proposed by Pruppacher and Pitter and the other is a spherical model that contain the same water volume and is used to extract the meteorological parameters from the RCS, assuming that the RCS is the same of the real raindrop. We make this study for several raindrop sizes and for the most common frequency bands used for weather radars. We analyse here the difference of the RCS for both shapes and so on, the errors that could be occur by the assumption made.


Oxygen consumption with and without glucose and aerobic and anaerobic lactic acid production have been measured in vitro in skin pieces from different groups of hairless mice, totaling 1051 animals of both sexes. The oxygen consumption showed significant and identical seasonal variations during two consecutive years. Highest values were found in spring and early autumn, while the lowest values were seen in winter and mid-summer. The anaerobic lactic acid production was inverse to the oxygen consumption with lowest values in spring and autumn, indicating that the metabolic variations are actively regulated in the cells. Possible causes of this biphasic pattern are discussed. No diurnal variations were found and region of the body, age or weight did not influence the metabolic parameters. Females had higher respiration and glycolysis than males but lower average weight.


In order to meet the requirements of different filtering specifications in a reconfigurable platform that supports multi-standard coexistence and high data rates, a general-purpose filter is indispensable. This paper presents a new architecture of a general filter composed of a lattice wave digital filter (LWDF) that has low sensitivity and excellent stability properties. Possessing advantages of small area and low latency, this general IIR filter can also achieve approximately linear phase.


In this paper I reconstruct the merits and drawbacks of the concretist and abstractionist theories of possible worlds and face them with the challenge of impossible worlds. I show how these two types of theories deal with the problem of impossibilities, and argue that the best option is two advance the so-called hybrid modal realism, namely concret possible worlds and abstract impossible worlds. Finally, as a conclusion, I highlight some of the disadvantages of this view as well and note the possibility of a Carnap-like solution.


The aim of this study was to examine the effectivenes of a systematic and planned intervention of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) primary prevention carried out by general practitioners (GPs) in a population aged between 40 to 69 years.
In the first stage (cross-sectional arm), 59 GPs were randomized into the interventional (N=29) or control (N=30) group. GPs included 1957 participants aged between 40 to 69 years and interviewed them using a study questionnairre with additional anthropometric measurements and blood sample laboratory analyses. There were 1086 (55,5%) participants in the interventional and 871 (44,5%) in the control group.
In the second stage (interventional arm) 51 (90%) GPs remained in the study, 27 from the interventional and 24 from the control group. Out of the initial number of participants, 1497 (76,5%) remained in the study, or more exactly, 832 (76,6%) from the interventional and 665 (76,3%) from the control group. They were all interviewed using identical questionnairre, and the same anthropometric measurements and blood sample laboratory analyses were performed. The Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) chart for high risk countries was used to estimate the 10- year risk of fatal CVD.
Most of the participants were categorized as moderate risk (41,1%), then as very high (24,5%), high (19,4%) and as low risk (15,0%) for fatal CVD. According to region and settlements, more participants with high and very high risk were in the continental (34,5%) than coastal (33,0%) region and in rural (34,7%) than urban (33,6%) settlement. The high risk group was characterised by older age (65 to 69 years old) and more men than women. The distribution of cardiovascular (CV) risk factors was high: 58,8% participants had hypertension, 76,0% hypercholesterolemia, 31,8% low values of HDL-cholesterol, 55,6% high values of LDL-cholesterol, and 23,0% were smokers. At the end of the study, significant improvements were found in total cardiovascular risk of fatal CVD (P<0,001), as well as in myocardial infarction and ischaemic stroke incidence (P=0,003) in the interventional group. The biggest difference between the interventional and control group was found in participants with very high risk, where in the interventional study group a minor increase of the examinees has been detected (14,2%→20,4%) with regard to the examinees from the control group where the increase was significantly greater (17,2%→29,6%). A decrease in the proportion of the low total cardiovascular risk examinees was registered at the end of the study in both groups, but the decrease in the control group was greater (interventional 27,2%→16,7%; control 24,2%→12,8%). There was no significant difference between the examinees from the interventional and control groups with moderate and high total cardiovascular risk at the end of the study. Considering the incidence of myocardical infarction and ischaemic stroke, an increase of examinees was found in both groups, but with a much greater increase in the control group. At the end of the study, the proportion of new stroke and infraction cases was smaller in the interventional 6,7% (7,7% →14,4%) than in the control group 9,7% (11,7%→21,4%).
By using a programmed and systematic GPs' intervention, improvements were found in total cardiovascular risk for fatal CVD, blood pressure regulation and correction of lipid status (lower total and LDL-cholesterol and higher HDL-cholesterol) in the interventional group. It is important to estimate total cardiovascular risk in adults between the ages of 40 and 69. A systematic and planned intervention in family medicine setting targeted at high and very high risk individuals is justified, efficient and should be implemented in the GPs' daily practice.


A section, referable to the epiligurian succession (s.l.) and cropping out in the Nizza Valley (Northern Apennines), has been sampled for the analyses of both the planktonic and benthonic foraminiferal content. The planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphic data, integrated with the calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy, document a depositional continuity throughout the late Middle Eocene/Early Oligocene interval. Therefore the section studied can be considered as a reference in a geological setting, where the fisical correlations are difficult as a consequence of both the vegetative cover and the variability of the facies. Moreover, the analyses of the benthonic and planktonic foraminiferal assemblages allow to improve the knowledge about the paleobathimetry of the deposits investigated and to recognise the onset of a cooling trend in the Middle Priabonian.


This paper draws attention to the ways in which engineering solutions may contribute to access difficulties for local residents. It focuses on a case study of the Barton estate east of Oxford city centre and suggests that there is a need for greater awareness of how people can be affected by network and other transport infrastructure changes. The paper concludes with an appeal for more social awareness in the planning and design of engineering schemes.


Post-modernism is a universal cultural trend in western developed countries in the 1960s, and post-modernism philosophy is the fundamental and important component of post-modernism. In essence, post-modernism philosophy is a different way of thinking from modern philosophy, and it is characterized by the emphasis on the negative, non-central, anti-orthodox, uncertain, and diversified concepts. In the aspect of methodology, post-modern philosophy is characterized by Derrida's deconstructionism; in the aspect of epistemology, it is the rejection of meaning's simplicity fixity of essential-ism philosophy concepts. Post-modernism philosophy is the deconstruction of modern philosophy, which has profound and great significance on contemporary translation studies. In the academic expressions of contemporary translation studies, there are many different viewpoints, for example, negation of the meaning's fixity of the source language text, challenging fidelity as the translation standard, putting foreignization strategy on an important position, and emphasis on translators' subjectivity, etc. Under the influence of post-modernism philosophy, deconstructionism was introduced into translation studies, which challenged the traditional translation logo-centrism; post-colonialism was also introduced into translation studies, which aimed to improve the conditions of translators to resist the hegemony of the developed countries' cultures; and feminism translation theory treated gender as a point-cut, which challenged and rebelled the traditional translation theories. Keywords—translation studies; post-modernism; postmodernism philosophy


Dissertation presents smart pedestrian crossings which could be installed in road infrastructure in the future. Because of too frequent road accidents in the areas of road crossings and heightened regulations on harmful emissions and annual increasing of traffic, smart pedestrian crossings are appropriate solution, which is used by many of countries throughout the world. The fact that in Slovenia the preposition for the technical specifications of crossings is still in preparation is responsible for many imperfections of road crossings for pedestrians.
The dissertation shows the behavior of pedestrians at traffic light controled pedestrian crossing. The observations are based on an online survey and observation of the four test fields. I made the conclusions by observing the behaviour of pedestrians on the test fields, that with the future smart pedestrian crossings we could reduce time losses and if the traffic light is completed with time counter, then this affects the safety of pedestrians. Based on findings I confirmed two of three hypothesis.


In an age eraglobalisasi like at this time, the development and progress of science and technology more rapidly. Can not be denied again that the development and advancement has been change the habits of life and the workings of everyday society. Business Website Aldin Aldin Gear Motor under the name Line Shop is one of thousands of homepages that are in the internet world. This website is useful for website visitors and prospective buyers who need the information about sales, especially in Miscellaneous Accessories Motor Accessories Motor Aldin store. Scientific writing is trying to explain how making Aldin Line Shop website Starting from design stage up to the website ready to be published on the internet. Making the website aims to facilitate the owner Aldin Motor Accessories in running and developing its business other than it gives convenience to customers in terms of ordering of goods.


GaAsNSb alloys have been demonstrated using MOCVD growth over a wide span of nitrogen composition. Dilute-nitride alloys hold potential for mid-IR emission using GaAsSbN/GaAsSb type-II QWs.


The paper gave construction target of intelligent management platform of coal mine safetyproduction,introduced general design and realization of the platform.It shows that the platform realizes fine management of coal mine real timly and dynamically based on the practical application example of the platform in a coal mine.


EDITOR—Confronted with the health of people in developing countries, governments focus aid on healthcare services or high technology prevention. These are not necessarily a logical initial reaction. They may not even be "public health" practices.

Hospitals without inland revenue or a broader infrastructure can be white elephants to those who cannot afford to attend or whose conditions require more resources than are available. This is not the …


Recovery of coalbed methane (CBM) can trigger a series of coal-gas interactions, including methane desorption, coal deformation, and associated permeability change. These processes may impact each other. A primary objective of this analysis is to simultaneously quantify these interactions and their impacts during CBM recovery. To achieve this and other objectives, a rigorously coupled adsorption–strain–permeability model was developed. Gas adsorption, coal deformation, and cleat permeability characteristics were described using simplified local density (SLD) adsorption theory, a theory-based strain model, and matchstick-based permeability models, respectively. The strain model was verified against measured methane-adsorption-induced coal strain data published during the past 60 years, and the coupled model was tested using well test data measured in the San Juan Basin of New Mexico in the United States. Results suggest that the strain model is very consistent with measured coal deformation data for fluid ...


Pressing environmental and economic concerns dictate the need to develop new synthetic macromolecules based on renewable resources. The vast majority of existing materials are based on non-renewable fossil resources that will eventually be extinguished. Manufacturing synthetic polymers and disposal by incineration produces CO 2 and contributes to global warming. For these reasons, poly(lactic acid) (PLA) polymers are of increasing commercial interest because they are derived from a renewable resources, sequester significant quantities of carbon dioxide relative to petrochemical based materials, conserve energy, and easily degrade. The mechanical properties of PLA are compared to other commodity plastics and it is shown that PLA closely resembles polystyrene. The effects of blending linear and branched chain architectures are discussed and it is shown that this provides a convenient method for controlling the elasticity and viscosity of the composite material without affecting mechanical or permeation properties. The melt rheology of high L content linear PLAs shows two unique features; they may be drawn to large Hencky strains without breaking and they exhibit considerable strain hardening. As a result, PLA is easily processed into fiber form. Due to the excellent combination of mechanical, rheological, and environmental properties, the prospects for widespread commercialization of PLA are excellent.


With the aim to pursue novel high-performance electrocatalysts for fuel cells, a simple synthesis strategy, which consists of hydrothermal reaction followed by solid state reduction by H2, is developed to prepare a series of PtxFe100−x/N-doped graphene nanocomposites with controllable Pt : Fe compositions. The morphology, microstructure, and composition of the samples are systematically characterized with transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The effects of nitrogen doping and alloying with Fe, as well as their synergistic interactions, on the improvement of the catalytic performance are well revealed by using the present samples as catalysts for formic acid electrooxidation. Additionally, the composition sensitive catalytic activity and stability of these catalysts for formic acid electrooxidation are probed and the optimum Pt : Fe ratio is presented. The optimum sample possesses both enhanced electrochemical performance and a reduced dosage of the noble metal, making it a promising candidate for fuel cell applications.


In this work we study the internal electric field (Vint) present in devices based on an intrinsically semiconducting polymer. Intermediate layers between the indium-tin-oxide and Al electrodes and the photoactive layer are able to influence and alter this electric field. The two commonly used intermediate layers, namely poly(3,4- ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and LiF, are subject of this study. Their influence is studied with Electroabsorption (EA) spectroscopy as well as transient photocurrent measurements under applied bias. While PEDOT:PSS has no significant influence on Vint, introducing LiF increases Vint close to the bandgap of the studied semiconducting polymer. However, using PEDOT:PSS directly influences the spectral EA response. The interface between PEDOT:PSS and the conjugated polymer is studied by impedance spectroscopy. We interpret the results in terms of the presence of charges at the interface.


A system and method for storing identifying information and telephone numbers associated with individuals, and cross referencing said information so as to link a first individual to other referee individuals capable of identifying the first individual as a result of a telephone conversation. When a relying party wishes to confirm the identity of a contracting party, the system is contacted and, using identifying infor mation pertaining to said contracting party, identifies the set of referee individuals capable of identifying said contracting party, contacts a referee selected at random from the set, and places the contracting party in telephonic communication with the referee. At the conclusion of said telephonic com munication, said system invites the referee to state the name of the first individual; by comparing the voice sample with a stored Voice sample, the apparatus then provides identity confirmation to said relying party.


Summary Intact rabbit testes contracted autorhythmically in vitro with a frequency of 2-3 beats/min. When (PGE1) was added to the bathing media, there were alterations in amplitude of contractions, rate, overall tone, and mode of contraction. At relatively high levels of PGE1 (greater than 36 nM) the contractions were completely effaced; with lower concentrations of PGE1, recovery was evident after 5 to 6 min. The effects of PGE1 on amplitude, rate, and tonus were dose-dependent. The above observations, plus those of other workers that prostaglandins are present in mammalian testes, that a mechanism for their synthesis appears to be present in this organ, and that these compounds modulate androgen synthesis and inhibit testicular capsular contraction, suggest a possible physiological role for these unsaturated fatty acid derivatives in normal testicular function.


Using English as a medium of instruction (EMI) becomes prevalent outside European countries, such as China and Japan, where there is a great need for internationalizing higher education. The number of EMI programs and courses skyrocketed recently in those two countries and many local universities are still following the pattern. However, with the boom of EMI in higher education, concern about its influence on students academic achievement is also rising. Although the benefits of using EMI have been demonstrated in different contexts, researchers investigating Chinese and Japanese EMI education doubted whether holding the current EMI classes is an efficient way of delivering academic knowledge and improving students language abilities at the same time. This review intends to report on linguistic challenges students have stated based on research in China and Japan. It is one of the most determining factors in EMI class. The researcher also discusses the similarities and differences between students learning experience in China and that in Japan in the main body part. Through the comparison, suggestions on setting appropriate language requirements and providing language support are presented.


ST13, a co‐factor of heat shock protein, has shown potential antitumor efficacy for colorectal cancer in our previous study. However, the molecular mechanisms governing ST13‐induced apoptosis are poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that Ad‐ST13 (ST13 mediated by adenovirus) activates apoptosis signal‐regulated kinase (ASK1) and c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) but not p38 (mitogen‐activated protein kinase) in human colorectal HCT116 cells. Ad‐ST13 also increases extracellular‐regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation levels, but the change is due to adenovirus replication. Overexpression of ST13 also increases the transcription activity of AP‐1. Blocking ASK1–JNK pathway affects Ad‐ST13‐mediated colorectal cell apoptosis, decreases the release of cytochrome c in cytoplasm and caspase activation. Because ASK1 is known to contain a tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR)‐acceptor site and ST13 has TPR domain, we found the interaction between ST13 and ASK1. These results strongly indicate Ad‐ST13 triggers colorectal cell apoptosis via ASK1–JNK signaling cascade. J. Cell. Biochem. 110: 581–588, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Aims. I aim to investigate whether the photometric variability in the candidate host star CVSO 30 can be explained by starspots.
Methods. The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) light curve of CVSO 30 is separated into two independent non-sinusoidal periodic components. A starspot modelling technique is applied to each of these components.
Results. Combined, the two model light curves reproduce the TESS observations to a high accuracy, obviating the need to invoke planetary transits to describe part of the variability.


This paper uses the ENTICE-BR model to study the effects of various climate stabilization policies. Because the ENTICE-BR model includes benefits from reduced climate damages, it is possible to calculate the net economic impact of each policy. In general, only the least restrictive concentration limit is welfare enhancing. While the policies are welfare enhancing in simulations using optimistic assumptions about the potential of the backstop energy technology, such assumptions mean that the backstop is also used in the no-policy base case, so that climate change itself is less of a problem. Finally, assumptions about the nature of R&D markets are important. Removing the assumption of partial crowding out from energy R&D nearly doubles the gains from policy-induced energy R&D.


TRUUBURN KETO MAX BHB works almost instantly to help support ketosis in the body by Burning FAT for energy. Fat IS the body's ideal source of energy and when you are in Ketosis you experience energy and mental clarity like never before and of course very rapid weight loss.


Green Card function (Permit) To Improve Student Discipline In Learning Process SMAN 3 Lengayang Kab . South coast . In accordance with the above subject matter then dirumuskans research problem as follows : (1) How green card function (Permit) to improve student discipline in the Learning Process in SMAN 3 Lengayang South Coast . (2) Is the obstacles encountered by teachers in the implementation of a green card (Permit) to improve the learning process of students' discipline. The approach used in this study is descriptive qualitative research type , where the approach intends to make a firm theoretical study and includes an explanation of the processes that occur in the local scope . Research informants taken by purposive sampling . Informants in this study consisted of 15 teachers , students of class XII 9 IPS1 , XII IPS2 and 5 people in the canteen owner SMAN 3 Lengayang South Coastal District . Type of data is divided into words and actions . The words and the person being observed or interviewed the main source . Techniques and data collection tools used were interviews , observation , documentation and data collection tools such as interview guides , books , pens and mobile phones . These results indicate that the green card (permit) cards used by SMAN 3 Lengayang can improve the discipline of students in the learning process of students who are often in and out of the classroom and students who often sat dikantin during the learning process can be reduced , the green card (permit) should only be used one student out of the classroom which in turn permit , the time given is only five minutes if it violates the existing laws of the teacher is sanctioned picket . However, in upholding the discipline of students there are some obstacles encountered by the teacher , the teacher is less compact run school rules that have been made with so still there are students who break the rules , there are some students who refused to sanction given by the teacher on duty , then the principal should be more mempertegaskan again to the teacher to follow the rules and regulations in accordance with the desired .


Data caching is an effective method to reduce traffic and improve the quality of service in network. Traditionally, users' requests are offloaded to the cloud for centralized computing. However, due to security and privacy, these tasks are executed in the nearest server, so that the data and service needed by the task are also essential. After the task is completed, in case the next arriving request needs the same data, resulting in transmission cost, the data need to be stored for a period of time, because we know nothing about the coming request information under an online request stream. In this article, we study data caching problem by extending single data item to multiple data items among servers. About the homogeneous model and the submodular model with constraint, we propose a data caching strategy minimizing the total transfer and caching costs of the system. Moreover, we also solve the semiheterogeneous model by the anticipatory caching (AC) algorithm in Reference 21. Meanwhile we find it is more efficient for our three models in this article to improve the performance.


The consciousness of college English teachers' professional self-development means that the college English teachers actively engage themselves to their own professional development as masters.It is the self-care of growth of college English teachers.The college English teachers' professional self-development can raise the overall level of college English teaching and improve their comprehensive ability.The consciousness of college English teachers' professional self-development,however,does not automatically come into being;it needs strong initiative.Through the study of the necessity,the connotation of the consciousness of faculty's professional self-development,this paper puts forward the consciousness of goal,the consciousness of exploration,the consciousness of reflection,the consciousness of study,the consciousness of cooperation and the consciousness of keeping pace with the times are the fundamental guarantee and the strategy of the realization of the professional self-development of the college English teachers.


1 While Tunisia has produced a number of outstanding films, including Naceur Khemir's Wanderers of the Desert (1984), Ferid Boughedir's Halfaouine: Child of the Terraces (1990), and Moufida Tlatli's Silences of the Palace (1994), Nouri Bouzid is Tunisia's most important auteur. Having written and directed six feature films since 1986, Bouzid is among the most prolific filmmakers in North Africa, a region where producers must overcome substantial logistical obstacles to make movies, in which many directors, regardless of critical or popular success, may make only one or two films over their entire careers. 2 Bouzid's politically-engaged features—which explore sexuality, gender, rape, torture, dictatorship, sexual tourism, divorce, child labor, and suicide bombing—have been widely praised for breaking taboos and challenging the norms of con- temporary Arab societies. Several of Bouzid's richest works grapple with Arab identity in the aftermath of the Gulf War, 9/11, and the Iraq War. Born in 1945, as a teenager Nouri Bouzid participated in Tunisia's lively cine-club movement and attended the debut of the Carthage Film Festival in 1966 in Tunis, the first in the world devoted to Arab and African cinema. 3 At the time, Tunisian cinema did not exist. 4 From 1968-1972, Bouzid studied film at the Institut National Superieur des Arts du Spectacle (INSAS), a film school in Belgium, thanks to funding from Tunisian Television designed to help develop new directors. 5 Like his Maghrebi cohort, Bouzid speaks fluent French and dialectal Arabic; his knowledge of European and Arab civilizations makes him fully bicultural. While in Brussels, he took part in leftist student movements