Abstract : The report, based on analysis of the data from Project SEALAB II, represents an attempt to apply the 'costs, rewards and outcomes' approach of Thibaut and Kelley (1959) to physically and psychologically stressful situations. The model proposes that persons will enter hazardous or other high cost environments voluntarily because of perceived benefits and that costs tend to be quite stable and rewards highly labile in environments characterized by negative physical stimuli. It is suggested that in developing social systems which are high in such costs, the rewards will decline more rapidly than costs (for example, the rewards in terms of prestige and public honors have declined more rapidly for successive Astronauts than have the costs in terms of physical hazard). This relatively rapid decline of rewards in comparison with costs can be expected to have negative effects on performance and adjustment in such situations and on volunteer and retention rates as well. The leadership role in relation to the cost-reward structure is analyzed and evidence in support of the model is cited. (Author)


Studies were reviewed to find out the relationship between problem-solving ability and academic achievement of school students. It was found that for the last few years, there is a significant positive relation between Problem-Solving Ability and academic achievement of school students. The review of various studies revealed that the problem-solving ability of boys is significantly higher than the girls. The study also concluded that there is a positive correlation between various factors like (personality, study behavior, learning style, scientific attitude, intellectual ability, examination anxiety etc.) and academic achievement.


The digital flexible manufacturing systems generally require scheduling sequence operations, considering in this case the sequence operations respect to each process selected previously. The main problem in this kind system is generally observed between multiple operation sequences; such that, the production process has multiple undesirable breakpoints, decreasing the effectiveness either, then in this case the production requirements hasn't fulfill. In this sense, a novel analysis about the properties and entities respect to digital flexible manufacturing systems without forget its time conditions, gives the last part a good enough elements for to reduce these mistakes into automatic production. In formal sense, we developed a set of theoretical concepts needed into scheduling task-cell operations in base to real time descriptions in the sense of digital flexible manufacturing systems. Allowing integrate both concepts into real time manufacturing systems. Exposing in block schemes in illustrative form, the basic description about this topic. Concluding this paper with basic references that gave the support required to develop this topic.


(1) Institute of Geology and Paleontology, University of Lausanne, Anthropole, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland (email@example.com), (2) Geological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, 7 Pyzhevskii Lane, Moscow, 119017, Russia, (3) Institute of Mineralogy and Geochemistry, University of Lausanne, Anthropole, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, (4) Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ac. Koptyg av.3, Novosibirsk 90, 630090, Russia


If you have always wanted to know whether the current and ongoing despoiling of the environment will result in the "silent spring" against which Rachel Carson forewarned, this book is not for you. But if you are driven to know whether environmental disputes can have either a zero-sum or a nonzero-sum resolution, then this book will definitely suit your tastes.


Crystal structure analysis of Thalidomide has established the molecular conformation and dimensions; the glutarimido-residue is twisted 81·3° relative to the phthalimide moiety.


Based on game theory,this paper discusses in a closed-loop supply chain(CLSC).How the manufacturer and the retailer make their price decision including the wholesale price,retail price,collection price and recovery subsidies price when the Manufacturer and the Retailer both sell sales new products and collects used products under hybrid marketing and recovery channels.It's indicated that the system's profit in the decentralized closed-loop supply chain is less than that in the centralized closed-loop supply chain.Therefore,a modified two-part pricing contract is presented to coordinate the closed-loop supply chain.The effect of channel competition and conflict on pricing decision of CLSC,the division of the channel profit,and the efficiency of the CLSC system are also studied by using numerical study method.


Large-scale belt conveyor systems are widely involved in medium and long distance transport of bulk material. The spatially distributed idler rolls are a great challenge to maintain the reliability of the conveyor systems. Automation of maintenance in intelligent ways provides a promising solution to replace traditional corrective maintenance. This paper further elaborates the concept of intelligent maintenance introduced by Lodewijks in 2004. We review state-of-the-art idler roll data acquisition, decision-making techniques and recent development of robotic roll replacement. A novel SD model based maintenance logistics control is proposed. The viability of robotic idler roll replacement has been demonstrated by case studies. Opportunities in the intelligent maintenance of idler rolls are discussed. Cloud-based intelligent maintenance is considered an emerging trend in the near future.


RuH 2 (PPh 3 ) 4 -catalyzed reaction of nitriles with terminal alkynes proceeds highly efficiently under neutral conditions to give the corresponding Michael adducts. Furthermore, 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds react with terminal alkynes at the α-position to afford the exo-methylene compounds with high regioselectivity under neutral conditions. The regioselectivity depends upon the change of substrates. The precise mechanism is presented.


This paper presents the theory and modulation methods of the length-limited parametric array loudspeaker (PAL). The PAL is a directional sound device using the nonlinear acoustic effect to generate an audio beam in air. The audio signal is modulated on an ultrasonic carrier before being transmitted. The audio beam, once formed, lasts until it is absorbed. The length-limited PAL targets to control the length of the audio beam by using two different ultrasonic carriers. The simulation and experiment works to validate the feasibility of the length-limited PAL have been formerly reported. However, there is a lack of theory and modulation methods of the length-limited PAL. An extension to the Westervelt's derivation is thus adopted to model the length-limited PAL. Based on this model equation, specific modulation methods are newly proposed.


Missions like NASA's Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) are poised to provide an unprecedented view of the Universe in polarized X-rays. Polarization probes physical anisotropies, a fact exploited by particle physicists to look for the anisotropic a E·B operator in the axion-like-particle (ALP) Lagrangian. Such studies have typically focused on polarization in the radio and microwaves, through local or cosmic birefringence effects. To such polarization studies we add X-rays emanating from magnetars — a class of neutron stars with near-critical strength magnetic fields — that are important targets for IXPE. ALPs produced in the neutron star core convert to X-rays in the magnetosphere; such X-rays are polarized along the direction parallel to the dipolar magnetic field at the point of conversion. We develop the full theoretical formalism for ALP-induced polarization in the presence of dipolar magnetic fields. For uncorrelated photon and ALP production mechanisms, we completely disentangle the ALP contributions to the Stokes parameters in terms of the ALP intensity, the ALP-to-photon conversion probability, and the ALP-induced birefringence. In the proper limit, our results demonstrate that the inclusion of ALPs suppresses the observed degree of circular polarization compared to its pure astrophysical value. Our results can also be used to impose limits on ALP couplings with IXPE polarization data from magnetars 4U 0142+61 and 1RXS J170849.0-400910, the subject of upcoming work.


Summary This is the first review and compilation of Austrian scleractinian corals from the K/T-boundary to the Miocene. The Austrian corals of the K/T-boundary (here defined as the period Middle CampanianUpper Paleocene) show closest affinities to forms that are typical of the Upper Cretaceous, especially taxa of the Turonian-Lower Campanian strata of the Gosau Group. A first major transition in the faunal composition took place during the late Paleocene. When the 'typical Cretaceous forms' (e.g., Heterocoenia, Paraplacocoenia, Calamophylliopsis) disappeared and the first species of modern genera (e.g., Astreopora, Acropora, Goniastrea, Alveopora) appeared all species of the latter vanished during the Eocene together with all genera which are characteristic of the Eocene-Oligocene period (Stylocoenia and Pattalophyllia) in other geographic areas. With the beginning of the Miocene another significant change of the Austrian coral fauna was observed due to the occurrence of both numerous solitary taxa (e.g., Caryophyllia, Deltocyathus, Discotrochus, and Flabellum) as well as colonial hermatypic genera (e.g., Porites and Tarbellastraea). The present work is part of the project "Evolution and paleobiogeography of the scleractinian corals during the transition from the Upper Cretaceous to the Tertiary" (Ba 1830/3) which is supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG).


If lasting peace is to be sustained it is important that preventive diplomacy be effectively applied in future something which has thus far not always been managed successfully. The mistakes that have been made in the past can serve as a guideline to formulate a series of recommendations for the future. First it is essential to define the concept preventive diplomacy. The next step is to describe the dimensions of the conflict in Sierra Leone. Bilateral negotiations between parties appeals by international actors and the threat or use of force in the maintenance and restoration of regional balances of power are selected as a few key preventive tools for analysis. Finally recommendations are made in this volume about how preventive diplomacy should be applied in future to prevent the countrys fragile peace from falling apart yet again. (excerpt)


This co-authored article outlines a new initiative from UKSG, working with the Brighton University information studies students and their course leader to devise and pilot a balanced presentation that fits into the curriculum. The article presents the practical challenges of delivering and organizing such an event so that it is a genuinely joint and valuable experience for the students, the academic taking part and UKSG.


Among numerous tasks that need to be solved, sorting is considered to be one of the most important. Since it is time consuming for large volumes of data, acceleration is greatly required for many practical applications. It is also important to discover such methods that take advantage of the implementation platform (due to its uniqueness) and consider not only the number of the required operations, but also efficiency of their implementation in hardware circuits. This paper evaluates implementations of address-based data sorting algorithms in field-programmable gate array (FPGA) circuits. It is demonstrated that the proposed technique can be used efficiently both in low cost FPGAs as well as in advanced FPGAs, and the number of sorted items (with sizes of up to 32 bits) can reach 232.


In 1985, using the CONTAM 3.2 code, it was predicted that the shuttle Primary Reaction Control System (PRCS) and Vernier Reaction Control System (VRCS) engines could be potential contamination sources to sensitive surfaces located within the shuttle payload bay. Spaceflight test data on these engines is quite limited. Shuttle mission STS-32, the Long Duration Exposure Facility retrieval mission, was instrumented with an experiment that provided the design engineer with evidence that contaminant species from the VRCS engines can enter the payload bay. More recently, the most recent version of the analysis code, CONTAM 3.4, has re-examined the contamination potential of these engines.


Lumbar punctures in the UK are usually performed by doctors, although nurses perform this procedure elsewhere in the world. The authors' experience of developing the role of the nurse to perform lumbar puncture is described in this article. The issues that needed to be addressed to make this service work are highlighted, including training and audit and how the nurse's competence was demonstrated. The potential risks and benefits of a nurse-performed lumbar puncture service will be discussed.


We study Read and Green's mean-field model of the spinless ${p}_{x}+i{p}_{y}$ superconductor [N. Read and D. Green, Phys. Rev. B 61, 10267 (2000)] at a special set of parameters where we find the analytic expressions for the topologically degenerate ground states and the Majorana modes, including in finite systems with edges and in the presence of an arbitrary number of vortices. The wave functions of these ground states are similar (but not always identical) to the Moore-Read Pfaffian states proposed for the $\ensuremath{\nu}=\frac{5}{2}$ fractional quantum Hall system, which are interpreted as the $p$-wave superconducting states of composite fermions. The similarity in the long-wavelength universal properties is expected from previous work, but at the special point studied herein the wave functions are exact even for short-range, nonuniversal properties. As an application of these results, we show how to obtain the non-Abelian statistics of the vortex Majorana modes by explicitly calculating the analytic continuation of the ground state wave functions when vortices are adiabatically exchanged, an approach different from the previous one based on universal arguments. Our results are also useful for constructing particle-number-conserving (and interacting) Hamiltonians with exact projected mean-field states.


Despite the obvious technological advances in dentistry, adaptation problems to removable dentures is still not resolved, especially with complete loss of teeth. The purpose of prosthetics in this pathology is to restore lost functions of the teeth-jaw system that is sometimes very problematic due to the complexity of the relief of the prosthetic bed and the lack of optimal conditions for the fixation of dentures. For example, clinical cases of patients with difficult-jaw pathology the features of the manufacture of removable prostheses in the upper jaw and the ways of solving the problems of adaptation, including the use of fixing creams. The estimation results provedennogo orthopedic treatment.


Cloud federation has emerged as an effective solution offering worldwide coverage, dynamic infrastructure scaling and improved QoS for the demanding cloud services. In this paper, we present a model for Cloud Service Providers (CSPs) federation and we investigate the economic benefits of CSPs under different federation modes. Each CSP is modeled as an M/M/1 queue with arrivals corresponding to computation tasks and service rate that captures the computational capabilities of the CSP. Each CSP earns revenue by charging its customers according to a QoS-dependent pricing function, and it undergoes a cost due to energy consumption of its infrastructure. We propose a model for the formation of cloud federations, according to which each CSP may forward part of the workload stemming from its customers to other CSPs. We define three federation modes with varying degrees of CSPs' interaction, namely the strong, weak and elastic federations. In strong federations, the CSPs jointly decide on their forwarding policies to maximize the total profit of the federation; then, they share these profits according to certain profit sharing policies. In weak federations, a game arises, in which each CSP follows a forwarding policy that aims to maximize its individual payoff, which however incorporates some fairness. In elastic federations, each CSP again aims to maximize its individual payoff, but it has the freedom to tune the degree of its selfishness through a pricing function. The numerical results validate and quantify the conjecture that federation can incur substantial monetary benefits and achieve a near to optimal QoS.


Justin Stebbing1,3†, Vered Stearns2 & Nancy E Davidson2 †Author for correspondence 1Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, 8th Floor, Cyclotron Building, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK 2Johns Hopkins University, Breast Cancer Program, Department of Oncology, T he Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, 21231, USA 3The Hammersmith Hospitals NHS Trust, Charing Cross Hospital, Department of Medical Oncology, 1st Floor, E Wing, Fulham Palace Road, London, W6 8RF, UK Tel.: +44 208 746 8295 +44 777 958 7565; Fax: +44 208 846 1433; E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


This paper presents an experimental investigation on the behavior of steel stud connectors in steel composite joints with precast hollowcore slabs in resisting the static bending moment. An experimental program including 5 flexural tests was carried out, and the failure modes of the studs, as well as the shear capacity of stud connectors are investigated. Their contribution to the overall joint moment capacity were studied in depth. The pertinent design recommendation in shear stud design for enhance the moment capacity of the composite joints are also proposed. The testing results and design recommendations presented in this paper can provide basic for future design of composite joints using shear stud connectors with precast slabs


With the widely use of high resolution remotely sensed image, the methodology of object-oriented classification emerged and became an active research area. Two basic steps of objectoriented classification method is segmentation and classification, and the effect of segmentation will directly affect the accuracy of classification. An optimal parameters method of multi-scale segmentation was described in this paper with the SPOT-5 high spatial resolution image of Pingtan Island in Fujian province, P. R. China. The cross validation technology was employed to compared the optimal value of the 4 parameters as scale, shape, color and compactness. The classification results of the traditional pixel-based supervised classification method and the object-oriented classification method were also checked using error matrix to qualify which method would be better. The result shows that object-oriented classification can make full use of spectral information, geometric structure and texture features of the image, and it has a better prospect in classification of the high spatial resolution remote sensing image. Keywords-segmentation; parameter optimization; objectoriented classification; high resolution remotely sensed image


Acceptable risk is the residual risk that follows the implementation of the safeguard. Residual risk is the qualitative or quantitative risk that could not be removed, or which was accepted. Managing the residual risk is the core of risk management. This includes determining which risk to take, which to remove, and what to do with the residual risk. The quantitative residual risk calculation is based on calculating threats, vulnerability, asset value, and control gap.
 In this paper, the description of an economic model for acceptable risk focuses on calculating asset absorption instead of calculating likelihood. This model provides a more quantifiable measurement and is based on the assumption that the value of an asset is less than optional risk and Acceptable Risk = Asset Value%. The final model calculates the security investment based on the accepted risk of a business investment.


With the rapid development of service economy,the emphasis of economic competition is moving from commodity trade to service trade among nations.As the most developed country in the world,USA has the strong international competitiveness in the service trade.In this paper,first- ly,the period of the service trade of USA has been divided into three parts and the structural characteristics are concluded.Secondly,the competitiveness of the whole service trade and the major departments is measured through the analysis of RCA and TC index.Finally,the paper an- alyzes the role of the service trade via'commercial presence'in the USA whole service trade.


The utility model belongs to a split furnace which fits a large capacity of circulating fluidized bed boiler. The utility model comprises a furnace wall and an furnace top which all comprises a abrasion-resistant layer, a water cooling wall and a thermal layer, upper and lower collection boxes and front and rear collection boxes which correspond to the furnace wall and the furnace top, slag discharge ports located at the front and rear walls, a material return port, a limestone inlet, an inlet of fuel and secondary air, an outlet of flue gas, front and rear hearths and their air chambers, an inverse V shaped hearth separate wall and fence type of back to back water cooling middle separate wall with upper and lower collection boxes located between the separate wall and the furnace top. Because the middle separate wall and its upper and lower collection boxes are equipped at the furnace, the utility model not only simplifies the structure at the lower section of furnace and its water cooling wall but increases the heating area of furnace by 10 to 20 per cent. The utility model is characterized in simple structure, reliable operation and effective improvement at the heating area of furnace. The utility model eliminates the defects of complicated background technical structure, heavy work load for manufacture and installation, small heating area and frequent fault generation.


Nigeria is an African country notorious for human trafficking across its borders. Trafficking in Nigeria is one of the biggest crimes after economic fraud and drug trafficking. Victims of human trafficking in Nigeria are mostly children; this is because their families have to deal with a number of economic constraints, for instance low wages, which make them more vulnerable to being trafficked. To overcome the problem, the UNICEF has been mandated by the UN to assist Nigeria in applying the international child rights convention to combat the problem of child trafficking in there. In 2003, UNICEF and the Government of Nigeria agreed on the Child Rights Act, which is used as the basis for addressing the problem of child trafficking. As a descriptive study, this research aims to describe the phenomenon of child trafficking in Nigeria and gives an overview of cooperation by the government of Nigeria with UNICEF in order to handle that problem. This study would like to observe the Nigerian government's cooperation with UNICEF in addressing child trafficking in Nigeria. The cooperation between the Government of Nigeria with UNICEF related to child trafficking generates the Child Rights Act (CRA), which becomes the foundation of the rights of the child, as well as the protection of the children.


Abstract Soil-zoological studies were carried out in ten old-growth forests of the northern taiga subzone of the Murmansk region and species composition, density, and the biomass of earthworms were assessed. Four species of earthworms were identified in pine and spruce forests, and among them dominant were the litter species Dendrobaena octaedra and the soil-litter species Lumbricus rubellus. It has been concluded that earthworm species composition, density, and bio-mass reach maximum values in forest litters characterized by increased ash content, reduced acidity, and containing organic matter of the humate type. Bioindicators of litters having such properties are L. rubellus and Aporrectodea caliginosa while the former is predominant. Body sizes and weight, seasonal and long-term dynamics of population are described for L. rubellus. Based on the peculiarities of intra-biotope distribution of earthworms, optima for main soil factors were determined.


The kinetics of leaching iron with muriatic acid from the solid of the cutting waste slurry of solar-grade silicon wafer are studied,and kinetic parameters are obtained. The results shown that the reaction process is in accordance with the non-catalytic fluid-solid reaction in the unreacted shrinking core model,the process is controlled by diffusion of fluid stagnant film,the apparent activation energy is 3.4782 kJ / mol. A kinetic model is introduced for the description of the process of impurity in acid solution,it provides certain theoretical basis for the purifying technology of recycling silicon carbide from the cutting waste slurry of solar-grade silicon wafer. It has directed significance to real manufacture.


After more than a decade of extensive involvement to stop atrocities, mediate agreements, and create conditions for sustainable peace, the international community is looking to wind down its commitment in the Balkans. The Center for Preventive Action, a conflict prevention initiative of the Council on Foreign Relations, formed a high-level independent task force to develop tangible and practical recommendations focused on specific actions that will use the international community's resources wisely to implement targeted western interests. This report emphasizes measures to end ethnic violence, guarantee security for all communities, and allow persons displaced by conflict to return to their homes. It also offers concrete proposals to achieve a sound institutional and legal basis for the development of free market economies and regional economic integration. If followed, these actions will put the Balkan states on the path toward integration with Europe and allow the international community to reduce its presence in an orderly fashion by 2010.


In this paper a hybrid algorithm based on exploration power of the Genetic algorithms and exploitation capability of Nelder Mead simplex is presented for global optimization of multivariable functions. Some modifications are imposed on genetic algorithm to improve its capability and efficiency while being hybridized with Simplex method. Benchmark test examples of structural optimization with a large number of variables and constraints are chosen to show the robustness of the algorithm.


In this paper, the authors aim to manifest the effects of individual factors such as risk averseness in general, locus of control on risky investment intention. At the same time, this study intends to examine whether financial literacy moderates the relationship between risk averseness in general, locus of control and risky investment intention. The data set comprised of 112 participants through survey method. We fulfilled hierarchical regression in order to examine the hypothesized relationships. Accordingly, results showed that risk averseness in general had a significant and negative impact on risky investment behavior. Yet, this study provided no evidence of locus of control as a factor in predicting risky investment intention. Last but not least, it was found that financial literacy moderated these relationships. In other words, financial literacy changed the relationship between risk averseness in general, locus of control and risky investment intention.


In this survey, the Copepoda and Cladocera fauna of HazarLake was studied taxonomically from April 1994 –March 1996. Two species of Copepoda ordo and three species of Cladocera ordo were identified. In addition, the mean zooplankton abundance (ind.m-3) and physical and chemical parameters of lake were given.


Experience with a time sharing computer, TENET, which services about seventy terminals in a statewide network is described. The computer was used in hydrology studies. Answers to hydrograph problems were available in 5 minutes or less. Surveying and hydraulics programs and analytical programs to support research are possible. It is also possible for creators of new systems to announce their intent to develop a system, to report on its progress and to release a complete system for statewide use. The programming work of personnel and consultants are outlined.


Objective:To observe the effects of sevoflurance inhalation induction and propofol target controlled infusion(TCI) on bispectral index(BIS) and hemodynamic changes during anesthesia induction in gynaecologic laparoscopy operation.Methods: Sixty patients scheduled for gynaecologic laparoscopy operation were randomly divided into two groups.The patients in group A received sevoflurance inhalation by reaching end-tidal concentration and maintaining 2.8% to 3.4%(n=30).The patients in group B received propofol with a plasmatic target concentration of 3.0μg/ml(n=30).The changes of hemodynamics and BIS were monitored before and after induction or intubation.Results:The BIS value during anesthesia induction decreased significantly and reached ideal level of anesthesia.The hemodynamics changes were significant in both groups,group A was more prominent.Conclusion: Anesthesia induction with sevoflurance inhalation and propofol TCI can get enough depth of anesthesia with obvious inhibitory effect on blood circulation.The changes of hemodynamics should be monitored carefully during the anesthesia induction.


ABSTRACT Rogue seasonality, or endogenously generated cyclicality (in variables), is common in supply chains and known to adversely affect performance. This paper explores a technique for sensing rogue seasonality at a supply chain echelon level. A signature and index based on cluster profiles of variables, which are meant to sense echelon-level generation and intensity of rogue seasonality, respectively, are proposed. Their validity is then established on echelons of a downstream coffee supply chain for five stock keeping units (SKUs) with contrasting rogue seasonality generation behaviour. The appropriateness of spectra as the domain for representing variables, data for which is daily sampled, is highlighted. Time-batching cycles which could corrupt the sensing are observed in variables, and the need to therefore filter them out in advance is also highlighted. The knowledge gained about the echelon location, intensity and time of generation of rogue seasonality could enable timely deployment of specific mitigation actions.


The calculation method for the overall and local stability of thin-walled elliptical column can not be found in current codes.Theoretical analysis and finite element analysis(FEA) were conducted to study the overall and local stability of the ultrahigh and oblique elliptical variable cross-section steel pipe column in a railway station.The boundary condition at the top of the column was perfectly simulated as the spring constraint of the same stiffness.The way of combining FEA with reverse derivation of the Euler formula and defection formula was adopted to obtain the equivalent parameters such as EAeq,EIeq and μeq.It turns out that the bottom of the column is proved to be the most dangerous position.Taking the actual stress of the column into account,the problem of local stability can be solved by the setting of both annular and lengthways stiffening ribs perfectly.The deformation can be controlled at the same time,for the overall rigidity is also strengthened by the ribs.This method can be used as reference to the design of other component of large-diameter and thin-walled section.


The metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) device containing silicon nanocrystals (nc-Si) is fabricated by an ion-beam technique. The parasitic effect in the subthreshold region is only observed by the application of high erasing pulses. By using the second derivative method, the formation of the parasitic transistor is confirmed. The parasitic transistor is only activated upon the trapping of holes into the nc-Si at the edge channel. In addition, electron or hole trapping in the nc-Si depend on the voltage polarity and magnitude, which lead to positive or negative shifts in the threshold voltage. This demonstrates the feasibility of memory applications in MOSFET device.


The United States responded to the September 11 attacks with its "War on Terror". Authorized under emergency powers, the US administration has captured and tortured those that it deems its enemies. This essay argues that these acts of torture are comparable to the use of torture by colonial and imperial powers. It argues that J.M. Coetzee's Waiting for the Barbarians (1980) offers allegorical terms for understanding the relationship between torture, law and power in the post‐ September 11 context.


This article argues that Joaquim Nabuco's position as a leader of the Brazilian anti-slavery movement was due to his ability to build the brokerage between diverse social networks, operating as a broker between parliamentary and civil society activism, on the one hand, and between the local activism and the global abolitionist network, on the other.


ABSTRACTThe theoretical requirements of ski bindings are formulated and discussed by showing that the twist release is made up of three components: The "No Load" release which remains essentially constant for bindings once they are calibrated, the frictional effect which depends on lubrication and c


Aim of study is to suggest a scientifically based pathogenetic classification of acute cholecystitis, corresponding to the classical R. Virchow triad "etiology, pathogenesis, outcome".
Materials and methods.Comparative assessment of the classical classifications by H. Kehr (1907), L. Aschoff (1909), S. P. Fedorov (1934) and modern disease schemes, combining the signs of the three ones, is conducted.
Results and discussion.The proposed improved classification of acute cholecystitis (AC) corresponds to research principles, taking into account the etiology, pathogenesis and predicted outcome of the disease. There are 4 groups of AC variants:
I — Acute calculous cholecystitis with all options and combinations (cholangitis, choledocholithiasis, Opie syndrome — papillary ileus, Mirizzi syndrome, Bouveres — acute gallstone ileus, hemobilia (80–85%)).
II — Acute non-calculous cholecystitis without stones (8–15%) — no obstruction of the cystic duct of the gallbladder.
III —Special AC forms. The dominant factors are enzymatic, vascular, non-productive anaerobic microflora, stress factors (severe injury, burns or surgery, childbirth). These forms require urgent surgeries and occur in 2–15% of all cases of AC destructive forms.
IV — Специфические формы ОХ.Specific AC forms. Caused by specific microflora: typhoid, salmonella, dysentery, and parasitic (opisthorchosis, alveococcosis, amebiasis, ascariasis, less often — giardiasis). Rare forms are characteristic of endemic zones and in violation of generally accepted sanitary standards.
Conclusion.Use of ultrasound, CT, SCT, MRI, endoscopic and endovascular interventions allows to diagnose almost all the AC various forms in the pre-operative period and individualize therapeutic and surgical tactics by taking into account the possible outcome. The proposed pathogenetic classification of AC can serve as a scheme for general practitioners, physicians, surgeons, anesthesiologists, and intensive care workers.


Abstract We present a variety of deterministic and random fixed point results for very general spaces and classes of maps.


Calixin-M(11%2,6-dimethyl-4tridemorpholine+36% manganese ethylene-bis- dithiocarbamate) was applied to two varieties of groundnut (F452.4 and Samaru 38) to control Cercospora leafspots and rust (Puccinia arachidis). Two different times of commencement of spray (that is, 36 days after sowing at first appearance of symptom) and three interval of spray (that is, 7-, 14, and 21 days) were used. There was no significant difference (P=0.05) in visual disease scores and yield of groundnuts between the two sprays schedules. The disease severity (measured on scale 1-9) decreased as the intervals of spraying decreased while pods and haulm yields increased in the same pattern. There was no significant difference (P=0.05) in disease scores of both leaf spots and rust between plants sprayed weekly and those sprayed forthnightly. These results suggest that the spray schedule for Calixin-M, to control leaf spots and rust in groundnut, is to spray at first appearance of symptoms and at 14-days interval.

Key words: Calixin-M, Cercopora leafspots, rust, control. Journal of Applied Chemistry and Agricultural Research Vol. 2 1995: pp.15-19


Abstract Time‐resolved X‐ray absorption spectroscopy has been utilized to monitor the bimolecular electron transfer in a photocatalytic water splitting system. This has been possible by uniting the local probe and element specific character of X‐ray transitions with insights from high‐level ab initio calculations. The specific target has been a heteroleptic [IrIII(ppy)2(bpy)]+ photosensitizer, in combination with triethylamine as a sacrificial reductant and Fe3(CO)12 as a water reduction catalyst. The relevant molecular transitions have been characterized via high‐resolution Ir L‐edge X‐ray absorption spectroscopy on the picosecond time scale and restricted active space self‐consistent field calculations. The presented methods and results will enhance our understanding of functionally relevant bimolecular electron transfer reactions and thus will pave the road to rational optimization of photocatalytic performance.


A total of 75 weanling New Zealand White rabbits aged 5 weeks were divided into 5 groups nearly equal in the average of body weight to study the effect of feeding comrriercial pelleted diet supplemented with two levels (1 or 2 cm3Jkg diet) of Anise or Mint extrads (volatile oils) as a mean to improve the feed utilization and digestion in the hot summer. The rabbits raised on this rations up to !4 weeks of age (the suitable marketing age in the summer C?f Egypt). The rabbits which fed diet with Mint extract 1 cm lkg diet) showed significant difference (P<0.01) for weight gain from 13 to 14 weeks of age. A significant effect (P<0.05) was also detectad for the digestibility coefficient of crude protein, TON, Nretained, serum total protein, c'N.atinine, total lipids and cholesterol. for the same group when comparad with control and control plus Anise extract (2 cm /kg diet) groups. Also, volatile oils inclusion surpassed significantly (P<0.01) control group in feed consumption and conversion from 5-14 weeks of age. Type of diet did not affect neither the digestibility coefficients of DM, OM, EE, CF and NFE nor any of the carcass traits studied. N-intake and faecai-N for control group were significantly (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively) higher than the other groups. The obtained weight gain in rabbits fed basal diet supplemented with Mint extract (1 cm3/kg dlet) could realize the highest economical efficiency at 14 weeks of age.


The electronic structure of rutile TiO2 crystal with F and F+center was studied using the SCC-DVM-Xa method , and their optical transition models were obtained. We found that F and F+ center optical transition energies are 0.98eV and 1.78eV respectively, that the optical absorption peaks of 1.2μm(1.02eV), 740um(1.75eV) in the reduced sample of TiO2 are due to F and F+ center formed, and a transfer of F+ →F existed.


Background and Purpose Pain management is a major health burden. Pain results from the integration of the nociceptive message and neuronal communication relying on neurotransmitters such as glutamate, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin in brain regions including the periaqueductal gray (PAG), the nucleus accumbens (Nac), the caudate-putamen (Cpu) and the amygdala. Morphine remains the gold standard painkiller for severe pain via the activation of the mu opioid receptors. However, among side effects, morphine chronic treatment lead to antinociceptive tolerance. As antinociceptive tolerance might be linked to neurotransmission dysregulation, we have compared various neurotransmitter concentrations in acute vs chronic morphine conditions in the amygdala, PAG, Cpu, and the Nac of male and female mice. Experimental approach Sex differences in morphine antinociception and tolerance were assessed using the tail-immersion test. The behavioural effects of acute and chronic morphine treatments, as well as sex differences in the levels of dopamine, serotonin, noradrenaline, glutamate and GABA in the amygdala, PAG, Cpu, and the Nac were determined by an absolute quantification LC-MS/MS approach using the isotopic dilution method. Key results This study indicates, as previously reported, that female mice are less sensitive to morphine and develop morphine antinociceptive tolerance earlier than males (ED50 of 5.5±0.24 days vs 1.54±0.11 days, respectively). However, the rate at which the tolerance developed did not differ between both sex. We have found major differences in dopamine, serotonin, noradrenaline, glutamate and GABA levels between female and male mice in the amygdala, PAG, Cpu, and the Nac. Finally, no major effect of anti-nociceptive tolerance induced by chronic morphine was observed compared to acute administration of morphine. Conclusion Neurotransmitter differences are attributable mainly to sex differences in pain-related CNS regions. However, the impacts of morphine anti-nociceptive tolerance on dopamine, serotonin, noradrenaline, glutamate and GABA contents appeared to be limited.


After analysis of the current situation of educational library resources construction,an integration scheme of distributed heterogeneous educational library resources(DHELR) based on uniform management of metadata and web service middleware is brought forward.Meanwhile,nine function modules and their working models are designed for the web service middleware which is used for DHELR's connection and operation.The scheme can solve some problems,which are how to share educational resource in DHELR,how to reuse old educational resource library system,how to protect the investment and how to provide users with a transparent,onestop-visit environment.


: 5G technology is visualized as a complicated mixture of technological implementation to the next-generation telecommunication networks. In the past 10 years, the Internet of Things has transformed the universal computing with abundant applications built throughout with the usage of sensor devices. An enormous development is made in the past few years and is forecasted to increase in the forthcoming years with huge number of devices on an average of 6 or 7 devices for an individual by the year 2020. Gadget to gadget communication accompanied with intuitive data are presumed to slowly and efficiently change the working environment of industries. In fact, to establish IoT services at scale efficiently, 5Gs critical satisfaction is mandatory. These incorporate improved network speeds and ability, lowered communication latency and adaptable service delivery methods. The exposure and adoption of cloud computing to with expansion of devices is expected to held forth revolution. These revolutions excite us to form a survey on existing work, sketch new techniques and discover new implementations associated with IoT.


Perturbation of the particle motion by a crab-cavity can excite the synchrobetatron resonances. We estimate the the tolerances of the residual dispersion function in the crab-cavity as well as of the chromatic distortion of the phase advance between cavities due to these resonances.<<ETX>>


Everyday animals must confront and respond to stressors in their environment. The activation of the stress response (i.e. the "fight or flight") enables the individual to survive stressors through hormone cascades that dictate physiological changes such as energy allocation. In our model system, the brown anole lizard (Anolis sagrei), this cascade, which initiates in the brain, ultimately involves the release of glucocorticoids (GCs) such as corticosterone (CORT; a steroid hormone) from the adrenal glands. Along with GCs, the adrenal cortex also secretes the androgen steroid, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), which has been shown to possess positive anti-stress effects. This is traditionally known as the systemic response, but recent research has focused on local steroid production by organs other than that of the adrenal. While research in local steroidogenesis has been conducted, there is no clear reason why steroids are being produced locally. In order to determine if stress could induce local production, anoles were either fasted or maintained on a normal diet to determine how the lack of food (a stressor) affects local steroidogenesis. CORT levels were only significantly higher in the intestine samples of fasted anoles compared to controls. Further, hormone levels were higher in multiple organs when compared to plasma, providing evidence for local steroidogenesis.


Objectives: This study aims to investigate the relationship between the triglyceride glucose (TyG) index and coronary collateral circulation (CCC) in patients with coronary chronic total occlusion (CTO). Patients and methods: Between July 2018 and December 2019, a total of 228 consecutive patients (186 males, 42 females; mean age: 62.2±9.7 years; range, 18 to 80 years) with stable or unstable angina pectoris who had CCO in at least one coronary artery were retrospectively analyzed. The TyG index was calculated. Coronary collateral circulation was evaluated using the Rentrop grading system. The patients were divided into two groups as low-grade CCC (Group 1, n=101) and high-grade CCC (Group 2, n=127). Results: There was no significant difference in the body mass index, left ventricular ejection fraction, height, weight, the frequency of dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and smoking between the groups (p>0.01). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, high TyG index (odds ratio [OR]: 1.345; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.120-2.184; p<0.001) and uric acid levels (OR: 0.249; 95% CI: 0.105-0.491; p=0.013) were the independent predictors of poor CCC. Conclusion: Our study results suggest that a high TyG index is related to poor collateral circulation.


Road maintenance is essential to the growth of the transportation infrastructure and, thereby, has a big impact on a nation's overall economic stability and prosperity. It is impossible to simultaneously monitor and maintain the entire network. As a result, transportation authorities are eager to develop scientific foundations for assessing the importance of maintenance tasks within the network of roads. Hence, pavement assessment methods are needed to establish the priorities and achieving the most convenient level of service. In this study, a road stretch was assessed using the sixteen criteria in the Distress Identification Manual for pavement defects, using pavement condition index (PCI) and multi-criteria decision-making models (MCDM). The two methods were compared to determine the possibility of using MCDM. The study came to the conclusion that MCDM is reliable in assessing pavement performance because both methods indicated that the road pavement is deteriorating.


Gave a research on the preparation of a complex polyaluminium chloride coagulant—PAFCS on the basic of chlorhydric acid directly reacting with bauxite,then mixing some Fe 3+ and SO 4 2- . The coagulant contains Al 2O 3 10 2%~10 8%,Fe 2O 3 2 8%~4 0%,basicity 64 0%~75 0%,SO 4 2- 3 5% .Through the infrared spectrum and microphotograph,it can be found that PAFCS contains many nucleuses of polyiron-polyaluminium and chloric-sulphuric,which is a kind of new inorganic large molecular coagulant.


Latex-modified concrete (LMC) overlay production requires the use of volumetric mixers. LMC overlays provide enhanced protection against concrete bridge deck reinforcing steel corrosion induced by chlorides and have low permeability. Reinforcing LMC overlays with glass, natural, or synthetic fibers could increase durability even more. When compared to normal concrete mixtures, those with added glass, natural, or synthetic fibers have reduced plastic shrinkage cracking. Consistent fiber distribution in concrete mixtures using volumetric mixers has been a challenge, however. The authors discuss development of a fiber feeder system for use with volumetric mixers which has successfully produced fiber-reinforced LMC mixtures. The feeder, which can be adapted to any volumetric mixing truck, chops alkali-resistant glass fiber rovings to the desired length (current length options are 12.5, 19, and 25mm) and discharges them uniformly onto other ingredients before mixing. With fibers uniform and of a density close to that of concrete, air entrapment, balling, floating, and related problem do not occur. Fiber-reinforced LMC mixture mechanical properties and specimen size effects on flexural and compressive strengths have been evaluated. Test casting of one plain LMC and two fiber-reinforced LMC mixtures with target material properties of the LMC mixture in compliance with Illinois Department of Transportation requirements are presented. Adding 0.6 and 1.2 kg/m3 of glass fibers to LMC seems to have a small effect on compressive and flexural strengths, but does not seem to reduce shrinkage.


The Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital Home Parenteral Nutrition (HPN) program was certified in 1984. It is the largest in France with ~ 40% of the 380 children currently on HPN. More than 800 infants and children have been enrolled in the Necker program since 1984. In 2018, it supported 156 children (age range: 3mths-7yrs): short bowel syndrome (SBS)(n=78), congenital enteropathy (CE) (n=28), total intestinal aganlionosis (TIA) (n=22) or chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction (CIPOS) (n=17); miscellaneous (n=11), > 60% presenting with irreversible intestinal failure (IF): In order to prepare the transition to adulhood and to offer more freedom for leaving the family nest, we train the adolescents (ado) for self cares. In that view, we designed a training program. Methods: Training involves nurses, MD, pharmacists, psychologist, social worker.... It requires time for the team as well as for the adolescent. It is organiszed during the school vacation in 3 steps each lasting 5 days. Step 1:Line disconnexion & illness knowledge; Step 2: Line connexion & body control; Step 3:CVC dressing & information on adult transition. Training also includes an approach focused on their physical and psychological well-being to understand their body and their illness. Results: In 2018, Z adolescents (age range:13–17 years) were trained: SBS (n=2), CE (n=2), TIA (n=1) and CIPOS (n=2). Children received PN 3 to 7 nights a week with bags from the french provider Baxter-Faconnable. At the end of the training program, 4 ado can be considered as fully autonomous on daily basis, 2 are partially (for disconnexion only) and 1 failed to finish the training program. Conclusions: Autonomy is acheived for the majority. However, gaining autonomy does not mean accepting illness or being ready to move into the adult world. It seems that this multidisciplinary approach and the effect of group teaching are beneficial to them. We do continue to adapt the program according to the ado feeling and feedback. P1.47


Student performance prediction is an area of concern for educational institutions. At the University level learning system, the method or rule adopted to identify the candidates who pass or fail differs depending on various factors such as the course, the department of study and so on. Predicting the result of a student in a course is an issue that has recently been addressed using machine learning techniques. The focus of this work is to find a way to predict a student's academic performance in the University using the machine learning approach. This is done by using the previous records of the student rather than applying course dependent formulae to predict the student's final grade. In this work, meta decision tree classifier techniques based on four representative learning algorithms, namely Adaboost, Bagging, Dagging and Grading are used to construct different decision trees. REPTree is used as the decision tree method for meta learning. These four meta learning methods have been compared separately with respect to the training and test sets. Adaboost is found to be the best meta decision classifier for predicting the student's result based on the marks obtained in the semester.


Gastric dilatation volvulus is a common life-threatening condition experienced by dogs. A distended stomach and rotation of the stomach about its axis causes severe adverse haemodynamic effects, and the disease can have a poor prognosis. Veterinary nurses are crucial in the recognition of symptoms during triage as well as aiding diagnosis, treatment and postoperative management. This article reviews the pathophysiology of the condition, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and client education.


A theoretical model for path gain in suburban Fixed Wireless Access links is found to be within 2.9 dB RMS error of measurements collected at 28 GHz, using a specialized narrowband channel sounder. The measurements were done with a 55° (10 dBi) transmit antenna on an exterior of a house, usually behind foliage, and a 10° (24 dBi) receive horn antenna at 3 m height, emulating a lamp post-mounted base station. The 10° base horn antenna was spun at speeds up to 300 rpm to capture azimuthal angular power distribution.


ABSTRACT This paper presents the results of integrated geoarchaeological and archaeobotanical analyses of desiccated and charred ovicaprid dung pellets from the New Kingdom pharaonic settlement of Amara West (Sudan). These analyses reveal diagnostic phytolithic evidence for considerable variations in plant diet amongst the site's ovicaprid population. These data shed light on aspects of ancient animal husbandry practice, the settlement's subsistence economy and residents' exploitation of natural resources. We also observe that specific phytolith types correlate with the presence (and quantity) or absence of calcium carbonate faecal spherulites in analysed dung pellets. This evidence, augmented by experimental analysis of analogous modern plant material, suggests that dietary Ca intake is implicated in faecal spherulite crystallization within the ovicaprid digestive system.


Powertrain system and its energy control strategies are studied in order to improve fuel consumption of a kind of series hybrid tracked bulldozer. Mathematical models of engine's output power, fuel consumption, and generator's efficiency are established base on their dynamic working characteristic analysis and experimental data on test bench. By utilizing series-parallel topological structure between ultracapacitor and resistance, an ultracapacitor's dynamic working model is setup, and its working scope of state of charge(SOC) is build. The lowest fuel consumption curve is found after above models' optimization, and a power flowing control strategy based on the engine's optimal fuel consumption is proposed. This power flowing control strategy is simulated under a bulldozer's typical working duty. The variations of ultracapicitor's charge and discharge parameters, like voltage, current, and SOC are demonstrated. The engine's rotate speed, output torque, fuel consumption and the position of accelerate pedal are revealed comparing to these of the prototype tracked bulldozer with traditional mechanical powertrain structure. The results show that the proposed control strategy is verified well, and, the engine fuel economy can be improved 13.1% compared to the prototype one under the same typical working duty of the bulldozer.


Molecular evolution was used to generate capping molecules that selectively bound to the noncellulose components in cellulosic biomass and facilitated access of cellulolytic enzymes to the substrate components. The peptides, which were selected by means of a phage-display method, strongly promoted the enzymatic degradation of cellulose components in the biomass.


Pool boiling heat transfer coefficients (HTCs) of HFC32/HFC134a, HFC125/HFC134a, HFC32/HFC125 and HFC32/HFC125/HFC134a were measured on a horizontal smooth tube. The experimental apparatus was specially designed to simulate the real heat transfer tube with the use of the secondary fluid of water. Data were taken in the order of decreasing heat flux starting at 80㎾/m² and ending at 5㎾/m² in the pool temperature at 7℃. Test results showed that HTCs of these mixtures were 11~38% lower than those of ideal HTCs calculated by a linear mixing rule with pure fluids' HTCs. Experimental data were compared with Stephan & Korner, Thome, Schlunder, Thome & Shakir's correlations only to find that those correlations were not satisfactory for all fluids. Hence, a new correlation based on the present data was proposed which could be applied even to the ternary mixture. The correlation predicts the degradation of HTCs of mixtures well, showing a mean deviation of less than 15% for all the mixture data.


HFE is the protein product of the gene mutated in the autosomal recessive disease hereditary hemochromato-sis HFE does not remain at the cell surface, but traffics with TfR to Tf-positive internal compartments (Gross et al., 1998). Using a HeLa cell line in which the expression of HFE is controlled by tetracy-cline, we show that the expression of HFE reduces 55 Fe uptake from Tf by 33% but does not affect the endocytic or exocytic rates of TfR cycling. Therefore, HFE appears to reduce cellular acquisition of iron from Tf within endocytic compartments. HFE specifically reduces iron uptake from Tf, as non-Tf-mediated iron uptake from Fe-nitrilotriacetic acid is not altered. These results explain the decreased ferritin levels seen in our HeLa cell system and demonstrate the specific control of HFE over the Tf-mediated pathway of iron uptake. These results also have implications for the understanding of cellular iron homeostasis in organs such as the liver, pancreas, heart, and spleen that are iron loaded in hereditary hemochromatotic individuals lacking functional HFE. HFE is the protein product of the gene mutated in the auto-somal recessive disease hereditary hemochromatosis (1), which was first cloned in 1996 (1). It is therefore a relatively new member of the growing group of proteins involved in iron metabolism. HFE is remarkable in that it is a nonclassical major histocompatibility complex class I type molecule, a characteristic that prevented its role in iron homeostasis from being recognized immediately. Over 80% of hereditary hemochroma-tosis patients have the same mutation in the ␣ 3 domain of HFE that prevents its heterodimerization with ␤ 2 microglobulin (2). Consistent with the classification of HFE as an major histo-compatibility complex class I type molecule, this C282Y mutation has been shown to prevent cell surface expression and, presumably, function of the protein (2, 3). The generation of the HFE knockout mouse supports the finding that the C282Y mutation is, indeed, a loss of function mutation because the phenotype of the knockout mouse parallels the manifestation of hereditary hemochromatosis in humans (4). Although the gene encoding HFE was discovered by genetic mapping of individuals with a disease of iron overload, the function of the protein in iron metabolism has not been immediately appreciated. The region of the HFE molecule normally associated with peptide binding and cell surface presentation in major histocompatibility complex class I molecules is too narrow to bind peptides. HFE does not appear to …


In the article results of efficiency comparison of procedures of acceptance of medical products and other goods, which are used in warehouses of RUP "Pharmacy" system, with the suggested unified procedure are submitted. The technique of an estimation of procedures is based on computer modeling of process of the acceptance executed via specially developed program.


This article seeks to understand the role of charisma in contemporary society and its relationship with celebrities - individuals who are currently responsible for focusing the attention of society. Charism, in its Weberian conception, is understood as a quality of few individuals, seen as something magical, extraquotidian, responsible for giving legitimacy to the leader. The celebrity is a subject who has risen to stardom without necessarily having any quality other than to be known by a large number of people. With the decline of religions and the diminished importance given to political / religious leaders, this article aims to understand if and to what extent celebrities have incorporated elements typical of the behavior of charismatic leaders, also if celebrities are a modern form of charisma, whether the Weberian charisma is an outdated concept, unable to be used to analyze the current time, or if it continues having its space in the current conjecture.


Background Distal and lateral subungual onychomycosis (DLSO) is the most common clinical type of onychomycosis. The disease causes little physical handicap but it has a devastating effect on quality of life (QOL) particularly in our set up. Objective The purpose of the study was to assess the effect of itraconazole pulse therapy on quality of life in Pakistani patients with DLSO. Methods Sixty-two patients, 47 males and 15 females suffering from DLSO, age range 19 to 55 years, who were themselves able to understand and fill the questionnaire related with general and disease-specific QOL in English or Urdu version, were enrolled in the study. The total score ranged from 0-60. The higher the score, the greater was the impact on QOL. The patients were subjected to itraconazole pulse therapy and each pulse consisted of 200 mg twice a day for 7 days, followed by a drug-free interval of three weeks. Two pulses were given for fingernail onychomycosis and three pulses for toenail infection. The pre- and posttrial data was analyzed before and after therapy in 46 finger- and 16 toenail cases of DLSO. Results The disease caused psychosocial problems (92%), economic problems in treatment (89.4%), difficulty in cutting nails (62.9%), physical contact problems with hands (60.8%), discomfort in wearing shoes and walking (56.2%), pain (33.8%), disturbance of work with hands (30.4%) and affected performance in sports (22.5%). After itraconazole pulse therapy, these problems decreased to 12.9%, 14.5%, 6.45%, 6.4%, 12.5%, 4.8%, 6.45% and 3.2%, respectively. The mean pretreatment score in patients with finger- and toenail disease was 32+3.4 and 29+4.5, respectively. The score dropped to 4.3+5.4 and 4.4+5.6 (P<0.05) after itraconazole therapy at last follow-up 32 weeks and 48 weeks for finger- and toenail disease, respectively. Fingernail disease has affected QOL more than toenail disease and longer duration of disease, greater involvement of individual nails and greater number of nails involved was also associated with more serious impact on QOL. Females were found to be more psychologically upset than males. Conclusion Itraconazole pulse therapy significantly improves the QOL in disto-lateral subungual onychomycosis of both finger- and toenails in our patients.


Using the method of time-evolution operator,the time evolution properties of the system of identical two-level atoms dipole interacting resonantly with a single-mode cavity field in detail by means of quantum theory is discused.The influence of dipole-dipole interaction on the transfer and preservation of quantum entanglement information is analyzed.The calculation and analysis indicates that the procedure of the swap and conservation of quantum information depends on the initial of the atoms.For W type atoms,the initial entangled information of atoms or photons are contpletely conserved under dipole-dipole interaction intensity satisfying some conditions.It appears also the phenomenon of part exchange and preservation besides some mix entangled states under different conditions.The dipole-dipole interaction doesn't effect on transfer and preservation for GHZ type atom entangled states.


Temporariness of refugee protection has started to emerge as a new standard in the policies of European countries. Given this development, the article focuses on one specific issue related to this temporariness: how refugee status intertwines with the conditions for the granting, revocation and prolongation of national residence permits. What are the interconnections between refugee status, including its cessation and revocation, on the one hand, and national residence permits and their revocation and prolongation, on the other? How are these interconnections regulated by international law, EU law and national law (with Sweden as an example)? Inaddition to the detailed analysis of the relevant legal norms, the article situates the questions within a more general discussion about residence in the national community. In this way, it is shown how temporariness creates tensions at national level where the refugee qua resident in the national community, benefits from safeguards in favour of individual certainty. This explains why residence permits, as opposed to refugee status, have central organizing role at national level.


The present study was designed to investigate the oxidative stress, which is due to the effect of low doses of gamma irradiation. Animals were divided into 6 groups, where the first group kept as control group, while 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th groups were exposed to gamma ray at 1.5 Gy, 2 Gy, 2.5 Gy, 3 Gy and 3.5 Gy once weekly for one month respectively. Rats were subjected to gamma radiation and nitric oxides (NO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and white blood cells (WBCs) were measured. SOD recorded highly significant decrease with percent change -22.7%, -25.01%, -55.01% -55.4% and -56.38% respectively in groups which were exposed to 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3 and 3.5 Gy. MDA serum level have a significant increase in groups which were exposed to successive doses of 1.5 Gy, 2 Gy, 2.5 Gy, 3 Gy and 3.5 Gy respectively with percent change 25.7% , 41.8% 59.1% 65.6% 75.8% consequently as compared to control group. Nitric oxide serum level is markedly showed highly significant increase in rats exposed to successive dose of 1.5, Gy, 2 Gy, 2.5 Gy, 3 Gy and 3.5 Gy respectively with percent change 59.69%, 74.17%, 87.1%, 120.1% and 130.6% consequently as compared to control group. ALT and AST recorded highly significant increase in rats exposure to successive doses of 1.5, Gy, 2 Gy, 2.5 Gy, 3 Gy and 3.5 Gy respectively. On the other hand WBCs recorded highly significant decreased in rats exposed to successive dose of 1.5, Gy, 2 Gy, 2.5 Gy, 3 Gy and 3.5 Gy respectively. WBCs recorded percent change -26.11%, -32.3%, -47.8%, -50.1% and -53.6% respectively as compared to control group.


Substantial modifications to three well-known methods of slope stabilility analysis,i.e.,the Morgenstern-Price method,the rigorous Janbu method,and the Sarma method,are presented. Based on the basic assumptions used by these methods,formulas for computation of factor of safety are re-derived which are more concise and applicable than their original versions. For the Morgenstern-Price method,according to the force and moment equilibrium conditions of the slice,the expressions in algebric form (instead of differential or integral form) for the factor of safety Fs and for the scaling factor λ are derived respectively,and only a simple iterative scheme is involved for rapidly obtaining converged solutions. For the rigorous Janbu method,the cause of non-convergence inherently in the original solution process is discovered,which can be eliminated by using smooth interslice moment distribution prescribed at certain locations within the sliding body,leading to stable convergence. For the Sarma method,a more concise process is involved in deriving the implicit expression for the factor of safety and the explicit expressions for critical seismic coefficient and critical reinforcing load factor. On modification,the computation processes associated with the three methods are largely simplified and converged solutions are always obtained. The modified versions of the three methods of slope stability analysis can be used by geotechnical engineers in the design of slopes and treatment of landslides.


The optical performance is severely degraded by surface scattering effects, especially for short wavelength imaging systems. Surface scattering effects is one of important factors degrading imaging performance. Study of non-intuitive surface scatter effects resulting from practical optical fabrication tolerances is a necessary work for optical performance evaluation of high resolution imaging systems. In this paper, surface scattering numerical model of grazing incidence imaging systems is discussed at first. Then Soft X-ray optical scattering distribution is measured by a soft X-ray reflectometer, for different sample mirrors, wavelength and grazing angle. By dealing with experimental data, different factors effects on surface scattering, such as glancing angle, wavelength and roughness is computed and analysised. It is indicated that the scattering increases as the grazing angle increases, surface roughness increases and the wavelength decreases, and optical system performance decreases.


December 3, 2019 1857 Mark Brezinski, MD, PhD Frank Willard, PhD Maria Rupnick, MD, PhD I t is a widely believed paradigm that intimal angiogenesis in coronary atherosclerosis contributes to plaque instability through both hemorrhagic plaque expansion and cholesterol deposition.1 However, this article supports an alternative concept in which angiogenesis is actually essential for plaque stabilization and healing.2,3 The prevailing paradigm has its origins primarily in histopathology work from the 1980s by Barger's group reported by Kamat et al.4 We argue that misinterpretation of their results has skewed the understanding of vulnerable plaque for >35 years. This misconception still endures in recent plaque angiogenesis reviews, affecting understanding of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) pathophysiology.1 Most coronary plaque ruptures/erosions do not lead to ACS. ACS research focuses primarily on vessel breakdown through mechanisms such as inflammation. We have instead proposed that vessel repair mechanisms that oppose instability fail, leading to ACS.3 ACS is then a double hit of rupture/erosion and failed vascular healing. Here, we assert that intimal angiogenesis, needed to maintain cellular reparative functions (ie, healing), if inadequate, leads to coronary plaque instability. Angiogenesis is the supply line to reparative cells in healing regions. In plaques with long necrotic cores, this supply line to compromised regions may not be reliably established. In their 1984 report, Barger's group injected silicone into human coronary arteries in vitro and filmed the flow into mural microvessels.4 They described a primarily short centripetal angiogenesis pattern from the vasa vasorum to the intima. Their discussion linked angiogenesis to plaque hemorrhage with rapid plaque expansion as a trigger for ACS. Our data and literature analysis, including re-examination of the results of Barger and colleagues, do not support primarily centripetal angiogenesis. Instead, we find axial angiogenesis extending many millimeters yet perhaps remaining insufficient to reach compromised intima. We acknowledge that leaky immature microvessels lead to small intimal hemorrhages that contribute red blood cell cholesterol.2 However, hemorrhage is not a significant source of coronary plaque rapid expansion.2 This is unlike human carotid arteries or most animal arteries, often used as models in intimal angiogenesis research, in which hemorrhagic plaque expansion is common.1 We instead propose that coronary angiogenesis is a critical stabilizing factor. Our conclusions are derived from an examination of human coronary plaque in the long axis rather than in conventional cross section, as well as re-evaluating published data, including the work by Barger and colleagues. These conclusions are also supported by data that angiogenesis inhibitors (eg, sunitinib and sorafenib) increase, not decrease, the risk of vascular occlusion in humans. Examining plaques axially rather than in conventional cross section was critical in our questioning of the current paradigms. The most common morphology found after ACS is thin-walled plaques with a large necrotic core by cross © 2019 American Heart Association, Inc. ON MY MIND


Environmentally clean hydrogen fuel represents a number of advantages over popularly utilized petroleum-based derivatives. Among alternative technologies, hydrogen can be generated by direct electrolysis of water upon irradiating a semiconductor material with light of energy greater than its energy band gap. A strategy to improve the photocatalytic efficacy of bare semiconductors and promote the sluggish kinetics of the oxidation reaction has been the incorporation of noble metals onto their surface. In particular, the Au-TiO2 system has been effective at enhancing and shifting the photoactivity to irradiation of longer wavelengths through relatively more efficient electron transfer processes involved in redox reactions. Main drawbacks that limit the applicability of Au-TiO2 composites are aging and/or deactivation effects arising from prolonged exposure to irradiating light. A novel approach to circumvent such effects, improve the stability of the composite towards atmospheric conditions and achieve longlasting activity is presented in this study. The design involved incorporation of solid-state Fe in galvanic contact with Au(s), which theoretically induces a deactivation resistance on Au(s), owing to differences in nobility and electromotive potential (emf) of the electrochemical reactions involved (i.e. Fe(s) → Fe 2+ + 2e and Au 3+ + 2e → Au). A preferential natural corrosion of the sacrificial less noble Fe serves as protection by oxidizing first at the expense of protecting the nobler Au from corrosion. In the present study, Fe(s) was tailored in galvanic contact to Au(s) in the form of Au/AuFe multilayered nanowires, which were fabricated electrochemically by means of a squarewave pulsed current scheme from a cyanide-free electrolyte. Variations in porosity and Fe content of the alloy layer were controlled via the deposition conditions and the type of complexant species present in the electrolyte. The fabricated Au/FeAu multilayer nanowires were subsequently integrated on electrosynthesized TiO2 to form the composite and its photocatalytic potential for the water splitting reaction assessed by means of a step in illumination, cyclic voltammetry and impedance modulated photocurrent spectroscopy (IMPS). The efficacy of Fe at preventing catalyst deactivation, as well as the effect of variations in porosity and Fe content of nanowires integrated onto TiO2, on the catalytic performance, were assessed.


Subduction of the Paleo-Pacific Plate plays a key role in the Early Jurassic magmatism evolution in the Yanbian area, Northeast China. In this paper, zircon U–Pb ages, whole-rock geochemical and Sr–Nd–Hf isotopic compositions are presented. The Early Jurassic gabbros, diorite enclaves, granodiorites and granites ages range from 183 to 189 Ma. They are characterized by enrichment in LILEs and depletion in HFSEs. The gabbros are classified as low- and medium-K tholeiitic, granodiorites and granites are high-K calc-alkaline I-type, and diorite enclaves are calc-alkaline transitional series. The gabbros have zircon εHf(t) values of +6.81 to +9.89, whole-rock 87Sr/86Sr(i) = 0.7043-0.7044 and εNd(t) from +2.72 to +2.80. The diorite enclaves have zircons with εHf(t) values of +8.26 to +12.80, whole-rock 87Sr/86Sr(i) = 0.7051 and εNd(t) from +0.96 to +1.09. The granodiorites and granites have zircon εHf(t) values of +7.59 to +12.87, whole-rock 87Sr/86Sr(i) = 0.7042-0.7066 and εNd(t) from +2.33 to +2.61. These data indicate that gabbroic magmas were derived from partial melting of a depleted mantle wedge metasomatized by subduction-related fluids. The basaltic magma underplated and heated the juvenile crust, whereas the granodiorites and granites might be the product of fractional crystallization of a mixture of basaltic and felsic magmas or derived from partial melting of the juvenile lower crust. Our data constrain the petrogenesis of these Early Jurassic intrusive rocks which are attributed to subduction of the Paleo-Pacific Plate beneath Eurasia continent in northeastern China.


Background: A high-salt diet is known to cause gastritis, has been associated with a high risk of atrophic gastritis, and is considered a gastric tumor promoter. Excessive NaCl intake enhances Helicobacter pylori colonization in mice and in humans and that chronic salt intake may exacerbate gastritis by increasing Helicobacter pylori colonization. Furthermore, elevated salt intake may potentiate Helicobacter pylori-associated carcinogenesis by inducing proliferation, pit cell hyperplasia, and glandular atrophy. Objective: The aim of this research was to describe the correlation between sodium and potassium intake and relapse frequent functional dyspepsia syndrome in Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta. Method: This was an observational research with cross sectional design. The subjects of this research were 32 course care patients in Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta on November 2006–Januari 2007 who met the inclusion criteria. Those were who diagnosed as functional dyspepsia, with or without Helicobacter pylori infection, and above eighteen years old. Data were collected by interviewing and gathered from medical record, then analyzed using Rank-Spearman test. Results: The average of the relapse frequent of dyspepsia syndrome in Sardjito Hospital was 14.38 ±2.93, with the minimum score was 4 and the maximum score was 32. The result showed that sodium intake gave a positive relation and significant for relapse frequent of dyspepsia syndrome (p<0.05). The potassium intake gave a negative relation and significant for relapse frequent of dyspepsia syndrome (p<0.05). Conclusion : There was a positive and significant correlation between sodium intake and relapse frequent of dyspepsia syndrome, but there was a negative and significant correlation between potassium intake and relapse frequent of dyspepsia syndrome.


We provide a complete analysis, from theory to experiment, of the spontaneous emergence of a discretized conical wave of X-type (i.e., a localized 2D+1 space-time wavepacket) when an intense ultrashort pulse nonlinearly propagates in a multimode fiber. In particular, we reveal that this spatiotemporal phenomenon corresponds to broadband intermodal dispersive wave emission from an unsteady localized wave structure formed during nonlinear propagation. Theoretical phase-matching predictions are experimentally and numerically confirmed in a commercially-available step-index multimode fiber. Our results provide a general understanding of phase-matched radiations emitted by nonlinear waves in multidimensional dispersive optical system.


Abstract : Insulated, thin-wall motor cases have as a potential failure mode the burnthrough of the motor case wall resulting from a defective liner. The objective of this investigation was to determine the feasibility of the use of infrared radiation as a means of non-destructive examination of an insulated motor case in order to detect a potentially defective liner. A relatively inexpensive infrared inspection system was designed and assembled which demonstrated that it is possible to detect cracks and density variations in the insulation of rocket motor cases.


The 1994 BOC Priestley Conference was held at Bucknell University in Lewisburg, Pennsylvania, from June 24 through June 27, 1994. This conference, managed by the American Chemical Society (ACS), was a joint celebration with the Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) commemorating Joseph Priestley's arrival in the U.S. and his discovery of oxygen. The basic theme of the conference was 'Oxidants and Oxidation in the Earth's Atmosphere,' with a keynote lecture on the history of ozone. A distinguished group of U.S. and international atmospheric chemists addressed the issues dominating current research and policy agendas. Topics crucial to the atmospheric chemistry of global change and local and regional air pollution were discussed. The program for the conference included four technical sessions on the following topics: (1) Oxidative Fate of Atmospheric Pollutants; (2) Photochemical Smog and Ozone; (3) Stratospheric Ozone; and (4) Global Tropospheric Ozone.


An alternative approach for alpha-arylation and alpha-vinylation of carbonyl compounds is described: reaction between aryl- or vinylboroxines with alpha-diazocarbonyl compounds leads to the formation of alpha-arylated or alpha-vinylated carbonyl compounds under mild conditions.


HIS ARTICLE DEALS WITH inherited disorders that influence susceptibility to atherosclerosis. The focus here will be three genetic conditions that can be expressed in children, familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), hyperapobetalipoproteinemia (hyperapoB), and hypoalphalipoproteinemia (hypo-alpha) that often lead to premature atherosclerosis in adulthood. The natural history of atherosclerosis has its roots in childhood. Strong, McGill, and co-workers examined the coronary arteries from 4,737 autopsied cases of both sexes, 10 to 39 years of age, from six location-race groups. They found that, first, early deposits of cholesterol in the lining of the coronary arteries, called fatty streaks, began at about the age of 10 years; second, some of these fatty streaks progressed into more advanced lesions, called fibrous plaques, where there was some occlusion of the lumen of the coronary artery. 12 Such fibrous plaques can develop into more advanced lesions in middle age and later, leading to sudden death, angina pectoris, and myocardial infarction. Populations with extensive fatty streaking in childhood tended to have more extensive raised atherosclerotic lesions later in life.2


The preferential market access Mauritius has benefited from the Multi Fibre Agreement (MFA) has been determinant in the development of the Export Processing Zone (EPZ) and the Mauritian economy. However, with the thrust towards an increasingly liberal world market, the preferential market access has been under threat as Mauritius has been called upon to compete on an equal footing with lower cost countries. Under such circumstances, the Africa Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) could not have been enacted at a more opportune time. The Act has the potential to overcome most of the losses Mauritius is likely to sustain in the wake of the phasing out of the MFA in December 2004. The island thus needs to adapt to the exigencies of the new economic era. The process of vertical integration within the textile industry should thus be accentuated, as should the thrust for higher value addition and productivity. This paper provides an analytical discussion of the impact of AGOA and the phasing out of MFA on the Mauritian economy. Data limitations, however, do not allow a quantitative assessment of this impact which is of a hypothetical nature. ∗ The views expressed herein are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of the Bank. List of Abbreviations AGOA African Growth and Opportunity Act EPZ Export Processing Zone EU European Union FTA Free Trade Area FTAA Free Trade Area of the Americas FDI Foreign Direct Investment GDP Gross Domestic Product GSP General System of Preferences LDC Less Developed Country MFA Multi Fibre Agreement RMA Reciprocal Market Access SACU South African Customs Union SSA Sub Saharan Africa US United States (of America) WTO World Trade Organisation


Diversity of dominant marine bacteria was studied in nine different shoreline sites from Qeshm Island to Genaveh, in Northern Persian Gulf. Samples were collected from surface water and pelagic sediments. The total number of culturable bacteria in these sites ranged between 3.7 × 10 5 and 4.3 × 10 7 , as determined by culture dilution method. These results showed relatively high concentration of marine bacteria. Serial dilution cultures were prepared from each sample on oligothrophic medium agar plates, made with filter sterilized natural seawater, and two isolates that were dominant in the number of colonies were chosen for identification. Using morphological and biochemical tests and determination of guanine plus cytosine content of DNA, members of the genera Pseudomonas, Vibrio, Alteromonas, Flavobacterium, Bacillus, Mycobacterium and Alcaligenes were identified and seemed to be abundant in investigation area.


Objective To understand the status of mycoplasma infection and drug susceptibility in the Shilong region and to provide reference basis for clinical rational drug use.Methods The reagents kits produced by Zhuhai Yimin bioengineering enterprise were adopted to perform mycoplasma culture,identification and susceptibility testing.Results Among 1 730 specimens,840 cases of mycoplasma infection were detected with the total detection rate of 48.6%,including Ureaplasma urealyticum(Uu) infection in 741 cases(42.8%),Mycoplasma hominis(Mh) infection in 10 cases(0.6%) and Uu+Mh infection in 89 cases(5.1%).The detection rate was 20.5% in males and 51.4% in females,females′ were obviously higher than males′.The results of dug susceptibility tests showed that simple Uu infection had higher sensitivity(90%) to josamycin,doxycycline and clarithromycin,simple Mh infection had the sensitivity(80%) to josamycin and doxycycline,and Uu+Mh infection were relatively sensitive to josamycin and doxycycline( 75%).Conclusion Mycoplasma infection in Shilong region is dominated by Uu infection.Josamycin,doxycycline and clarithromycin can be used as empirical medication to treat mycoplasma infections in theis region.But before clinical treatment,the mycoplasma culture and drug susceptibility tests should be performed as possible for rational and standardized medication.


This work proposes a method to identify and evaluate the links between the economic and environmental management of a farm, its income, and sustainable GDP. The approach is designed to link micro and macro economic aspects and is based on certain indicators, chosen from among those obtained from analysis of the farm accounts, suitable for representing socially desirable objectives. Three different types of farm accounts are employed. An MADM method of quantitative MCDM analysis was used to make a joint evaluation of various objective indicators in different types of farm management. The work only presents the most interesting result of the research, which was the method itself and does not include the results of a specific case study which was made. This method can be generally applied to connect macro and micro economic aspects and thus might be applicable to different contexts.


Heterogeneous face recognition (HFR), referring to matching face images across different domains, is a challenging problem due to the vast cross-domain discrepancy and insufficient pairwise cross-domain training data. This article proposes a quadruplet framework for learning domain-invariant discriminative features (DIDF) for HFR, which integrates domain-level and class-level alignment in one unified network. The domain-level alignment reduces the cross-domain distribution discrepancy. The class-level alignment based on a special quadruplet loss is developed to further diminish the intra-class variations and enlarge the inter-class separability among instances, thus handling the misalignment and adversarial equilibrium problems confronted by the domain-level alignment. With a bidirectional cross-domain data selection strategy, the quadruplet loss-based method prominently enriches the training set and further eliminates the cross-modality shift. Benefiting from the joint supervision and mutual reinforcement of these two components, the domain invariance and class discrimination of identity features are guaranteed. Extensive experiments on the challenging CASIA NIR-VIS 2.0 database, the Oulu-CASIA NIR&VIS database, the BUAA-VisNir database, and the IIIT-D viewed sketch database demonstrate the effectiveness and preferable generalization capability of the proposed method.


This contribution presents selected results from tests of Photomultipliers (PMT) and active voltage dividers (AVD) with a laser diode. At FAIR, plastic scintillator counters will be used for beam intensity and beam loss measurements [1]. Furthermore, the Photonis company phased out the production of the XP2972 PMT, which is presently used in the beam diagnostic counters at GSI [2,3]. Commercially available PMTs from Hamamatsu and ET Enterprises were selected, based on photo-cathode area, gain, signal rise time and transit time spread. The gain variation and the maximum counting rate were determined for combinations of the selected PMTs and AVDs at various luminances. These parameters determine the scintillator thickness necessary for detect ion of an ion accelerated by SIS18/100, and the instantaneous beam intensity which can be measured by the counters.


Areté Associates, in partnership with the Army's Night Vision and Electronic Sensors Directorate (NVESD), have demonstrated in flight a fused LIDAR/LWIR/EO system that provides a pilotage aid for rotorcraft operations in degraded visual environments (DVE). Areté's purpose-built DVE lidar provides full-waveform processing to enable novel dust suppression and weak-target detection techniques. This lidar system is integrated with wide field of view, high resolution, LWIR and EO cameras to provide full situational awareness with fast update rates. The sensor fusion system creates a high-fidelity 3D world model in real time including ground surface, terrain features, hazards, and obscurant distributions. This model is used to construct an informative and intuitive cockpit display in real time. This system also incorporates offline terrain and image data bases to augment the live sensor data in areas beyond the sensor fields of view. This system will be tested in flight in DVE in 2016.


Nonlinear Ultrafast Excitation and Two-Dimensional Terahertz Spectroscopy of Solids Brittany E. Knighton Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, BYU Doctor of Philosophy Ultrafast spectroscopy allows us to probe and understand material properties. With it, we can measure phonon-polaritons (optical phonons coupled with light) and the resulting dispersion curve in LiNbO3. Customizing the excitation source in ultrafast measurements can excite phonon modes to large amplitudes, allowing the experimental exploration of the Potential Energy Surface in solids. However, stronger pump fluences and bigger signal isn't always the answer in ultrafast spectroscopy. When sample signals and their nonlinear and mechanisms cannot be distinguished with 1D measurements, simple 2D THz measurements are a great place to start searching for distinct factors as was the case in CdWO4. 2D measurements when paired with modeling and first principles calculations can reveal cutting edge information about exciting materials.


Objective: To study the application value of 64 row spiral CT angiography in arterial disease. Materials and Methods: 64 row spiral CT angiography in 310 cases were analyzed including intracranial vascular CTA 36 cases, carotid artery 70 cases, thoraco-abdominal vessels 175 cases, renal artery 28 cases, lower extremity1case, dose of contrast medium used was 0.8~1.5ml/kg, general dosage 60~80ml, the rate of injection was 4.0~5ml, two methods of scan delay time were applied: SURE START bolus tracking and calculating time data. Reconstruction was done with Vitrea 2 workstation. Results: 64 rows spiral CT angiography in 310 cases, images and the anatomy display detail, and the focal display precise. Conclusion: 64 row spiral CT has improved technology on two sides: high spatial resolution(submillimetre) and high time resolution, more higher speed scanning, more larger region scanning, isotropic scanning, CT angiography is simple and quick. 64 row spiral CT has the advantages than previous multi-slice CT (MSCT) in the application of arterial disease.


Narcissism is a personality trait that has a potentially important impact on career development outcomes. The present study explored the relationships between narcissism and career success with moderate effect of political skill among a group of young professionals (N = 250) from a company in China. We assessed a model proposing that there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between narcissism and career success. The study found that leaders/ employees with either extremely high or extremely low levels of narcissism have less chances for successful career development compared to those with a moderate level of narcissism. This research also tested the moderating effect of political skill to the relationship of the main variables of the study: narcissism and career success. Political skill predicted moderating the inverted U-shaped relationship between narcissism and career success, such that this relationship is more pronounced among employees lower with political skills, than to employees higher in political skill. We discuss the results regarding insights into when narcissism may lead to career success.
Contributions, practical implications, limitations, strengths, and future research directions are discussed.


Platform complementors are increasingly organized as "crowds" of individual producers working outside formal relationships – rather than as complementor firms. As crowds are motivated differently from firms in a market, here we hypothesize that the best way to stimulate complementary development differs from usual "grow-the-platform" strategies known from earlier platform studies. In crowd complementary development on online multiplayer games, we find that strategies intended to stimulate crowd complementary development by boosting platform usage did so (elasticity of .45), even when the crowd received no cash payments from users. However, boosting the size of the crowd itself had no impact on subsequent development rates or network effects. We found evidence that strategies more directly geared to inducing complementary innovation (i.e., an inducement prize) had much greater impact.


It has been observed that by 2050 more than 5 billion people could be affected by water crises due to increases in demand and water pollution. Potentially unhealthy conditions will need monitoring. This arising problem can be controlled or overcome by sharing the awareness of water acidity, temperature, salinity/conductivity, turbidity, contaminants etc. of surrounding water sources and then taking appropriate action. The purpose of this study is to design a sensor node and a sensor network strategy to monitor water pollution of a water source. The system is intended to cover a larger water area by implementing multiple portable sensor nodes on same network.


There is provided a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) expansion module for portable gaming devices. The RFID expansion module comprises an interface connector that can receive power and exchange data with a portable gaming device, an RFID tag that can exchange data with and power its antenna using the portable gaming device, a storage device, and a program data containing Software code enabling com munication between the portable gaming device and the RFID tag, including the enabling and disabling of a power link to the RFID tag. There is also provided a system for providing localized environmental interaction using the RFID expansion module. The system comprises a plurality of RFID readers detecting RFID tags in defined localized envi ronments, a portable device connected to the RFID expansion module, a control module for coordinating the overall system, an environmental module to trigger events, and a network for communication between system modules.


Since at least the early seventeenth century the bulk of its territory has lain in Asia, but scholars have only seriously begun to pay much attention to Russia's East over the past two decades. Nevertheless, the field has made substantial progress, as a growing number of books, symposia, and dissertations suggest. A case in point is the essay collection, Asiatic Russia: Imperial Power in Regional and International Contexts. The volume is the outcome of a conference in 2007 at Hokkaido Univers...


A experiment including too many treats should use lattice design for well controlling experiment errors.This paper explains the principle of a lattice design and analysis and also the supporting SAS procedures used for this design illustrated by two examples with 2 and 4 replications.This paper presents a full project for application of a lattice design.


The beauty created by Nature always inspires people to fabricate artificial structures with certain functions in a bionic way.There has been a greal interest in photonic band gap (PBG) materials since the concept was first proposed by Yablonovich and John in 1987.However,Nature had already created these PBG structures in living organisms long since.


An analytical drain current model was proposed for long-channel double-gate negative capacitance junctionless transistors (DG NC JLTs) with a metal-ferroelectric-insulator-semiconductor structure. The analytical model was derived by solving Poisson's equation, Pao-Sah equation and Landau-Khalatnikov equation. It was shown that the off-state current could be significantly lowered and the on-state current could be improved simultaneously by employing the ferroelectric gate dielectric. The related working principle and physical mechanism were also discussed in detail. The proposed model is suitable for the compact modeling because it is valid for the depletion, flat-band and accumulation regions without any auxiliary variables or functions. The developed DG NC JLTs have a great potential for low-power applications.