Although traffic is a precondition for the overall social development, it is at the same time a global problem, worldwide and as such it is associated with numerous negative effects from various segments, in addition to the suffering of traffic participants. In order to improve traffic safety on the roads, the police around the world, including Serbia, are constantly trying to apply all the more advanced technologies, which have a wide application in terms of improving safety in general.In this paper, we presented the development of the application of certain technical means within the Ministry of the Interior of Serbia of importance for traffic safety in Serbia, pointed out the importance of a unified information system and automatic number plate recognition. The state of traffic safety on the roads in Serbia and in Valjevo in the period 2014-2018 is given. The aim of the author was to determine how the introduction of specific measure - the use of camera - reflects on the work of the police, whether the number of registered violations is on the increase, or how it reflects on the work of the Misdemeanour Court in Valjevo in terms of increasing the number of convictions and specific sanctions. On the example of the city of Valjevo, through official data over a period of 10 years, we presented the importance of information and communication technologies in detecting two very common traffic violations in the city and sanctioning those violations by the competent Misdemeanour Court. The difference in terms of the number of detected and then sanctioned violations in the period before the start of the use of information and communication technologies in the period 2010-2014 and afterwards, 2015-2019, speaks more than clearly about the importance of wider use of these tools, both in cities but also outside the settlements, on the open road. All this is in the function of increasing traffic safety on the roads in Valjevo and safety in general, because the cameras are becoming increasingly important as they are used to detect the perpetrators of and prove various crimes.


The Marine Ice Sheet-Ocean Model Intercomparison Project (MISOMIP) is a community effort sponsored by the Climate and Cryosphere (CliC) project.  MISOMIP aims to design and coordinate a series of MIPs—some idealized and realistic—for model evaluation, verification with observations, and future projections for key regions of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS).  The first phase of the project, MISOMIP1, was an idealized, coupled set of experiments that combined elements from the MISMIP+ and ISOMIP+ standalone experiments for ice-sheet and ocean models, respectively.  These MIPs had 3 main goals: 1) to provide simplified experiments that allow model developers to compare their results with those from other models; 2) to suggest a path for testing components in the process of developing a coupled ice sheet-ocean model; and 3) to enable a large variety of parameter and process studies that branch off from these basic experiments.

Here, we describe preliminary analysis of the MISOMIP1 results.  Eight models in 14 configurations participated in the MIP.   In keeping with analysis of the MISMIP+ experiment, we find that the choice of basal friction parameterizations in the ice-sheet component (Weertman vs. Coulomb limited) has a particularly significant impact on the rate of ice-sheet retreat but the choice of stress approximation (SSA, SSA* or L1Lx) seems to have little impact.  Models with Coulomb-limited basal friction also tend to be those with the highest melt rates, confirming a positive feedback between melt and retreat in the MISOMIP1 configuration seen in previous work.  The ocean component’s treatment of the boundary layer below the ice shelf also has a significant impact on melt rates and resulting retreat, consistent with findings based on ISOMIP+.  Feedbacks between the components lead to localized features in the melt rates and the ice geometry not seen in standalone simulations, though the ~2-km horizontal and ~20-m vertical resolution of these simulations appears to be too coarse to produce long-lived, sub-ice-shelf channels seen at higher resolution.


by the rising tide of white settlers in the latter part of the nineteenth century, the Cheme huevi possessed a vast body of oral literature. This consisted principally of myths and songs.1 Myths could not be recounted during the hot months; if this taboo was broken, "someone"-not necessarily the narrator would be bitten by a rattlesnake. In winter, when the snakes were dormant, the people clustered around a skilled teller of tales who filled the whole night with wonders. The basic structure of a myth remained unchanged through countless repetitions, and some myths retain hints and implications of great antiquity. But the narrator might combine remembered fragments into a single myth, add humorous touches, or bring the tale up to date by a change of locale or by mention of articles or customs unknown in very early times. In Chemehuevi thought, there are two tu ion, Washington, D. C. For all this older m terial the informant was George Laird, who became my husband in 1923. He was born in 1871 and lived through the transition from aboriginal society. Brief notes upon present day practices are based for the most part upon observations by my daughter, Georgia Laird Culp.


Mechanical properties of Kenaf/Epoxy composites are depended on the bonding between fibers and matrix. Fiber treatment is one of the methods to improve the fibre/matrix bonding and subsequently enhances their mechanical properties. Hence an investigation was conducted on various soaking time (0, 12, 24 and 48 hours) during fiber treatment using 6% concentration of sodium hydroxide (NaOH). Two types of composite panels were then prepared which consisted of 20 wt% untreated and treated kenaf fibers with fiber size in the range of 150 – 300 micron and 350 -500 micron. The Tensile, Flexural and Fracture tests were then performed on the composite specimens according to ASTM D3039, ASTM D790 and ASTM E399 respectively. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was used to observe the morphological surface of kenaf fibers and its composites. The investigation showed that 24 hours is the best soaking time for 6% NaOH concentration for both kenaf size range of 150 – 300 m and 350-500 μm. The highest improvement is up to 59% and 71% of tensile and flexural strengths, achieved by 150 300 m kenaf/epoxy composite, meanwhile 95% and 60% improvement for tensile modulus and flexural modulus for the same kenaf size. The fracture toughness has also showed enhancement of 69% upon 24 hours soaking time.


One of the absolute compulsory elements of the promissory note is the signature of the issuing person. Sometimes due to a legal obligation or sometimes the will of the person, the promissory note can be issued through an authorized representative. Except for the situation related to the term indirect representation, it is the represented person who is deemed to have the legal responsibilities on the promissory note as issuing the instrument if it is issued through a legal representative. Commercial companies use their will through their authorized bodies. However, the term representation cannot be mentioned when a promissory note is issued through the authorized bodies of the commercial companies. Instead, this instrument is deemed to be issued directly by the commercial company itself. The decision of the court of appeals, which constitutes the subject of our work, is related to two marks of the company stamp; one of which is located on the right bottom corner of the instrument, and the other one, which is located on the printed designated area for the guarantor. The one which is located on the right bottom corner of the instrument, is signed twice, without exceeding the mark of the stamp. In the context of this very instrument, it is decided upon that the company is the legal person who signs a surety, and the authorized representative of the company is the person who issues the instrument, regarding the fact that the printed designated area, indicating the person who performs the payment, filled with the name and surname of the authorized representative. However, the company itself should be deemed as the person who issues the instrument, even if the promissory note is signed by an authorized representative under the commercial name of the commercial company, since the signature of the person who issues the instrument is an absolute mandatory element required by the law for issuing the promissory note.


Fingerprint image quality seriously affects the performance of the fingerprint identification system,and quality evaluation for fingerprint image has important applications in the fingerprint identification system such as the fingerprint segmentation and matching,and is also of great significance on the research of a fingerprint recognition algorithm.Using fingerprint image orientation field information,a quality evaluation method for fingerprint image based on the continuity of the orientation field information was presented.For each fingerprint image sub-block,the original orientation field information and the new orientation field information smoothed through Low-pass filtering were calculated in this method,and the quality of the fingerprint image was evaluated based on the statistics of the rate of orientation change after Low-pass filtering.Experimental results showed that the method proposed can more effectively improve the quality classification accuracy on the fingerprint image with low quality.


The annual costs caused by occupation-related stress are currently estimated at billions of dollars. This study examines the interactive role of psychological capital in the relationship between job autonomy and job stress. The researcher used the time-lagged method to collect the data from six hundred and eighty-eight (N = 688) employees offering financial services at the emerging market. Multiple hierarchical regression analysis was used to test the hypothesis. The results revealed a nonlinear U-shaped relationship between job autonomy and job stress. The results also indicated a negative association between psychological capital and job stress. The analysis showed that psychological capital suggests the curvilinear association between job autonomy and job stress. The empirical research has demonstrated that a reasonable level of job autonomy may: (i) be more valuable to employees; (ii) intrinsically motivate the employees by making the job meaningful, interesting and enjoyable, thus resulting in less job stress. A high level of job autonomy may decrease job stress if employees have developed all elements of psychological capital; otherwise, it leads to a rising level of job stress.


The invention provides a lithography machine using mirror image wafer stage. The machine comprises a lighting system, a reticle stage, a projection objective, a wafer stage, a wafer transfer system and a position measurement system. The machine is characterized in that: a first wafer and a second wafer are arranged on the wafer stage by taking the center of wafer stage as symmetric point left and right; a first position measuring basis, a second measuring basis and a third measuring basis are arranged along the direction of the wafer stage on the silicon wafer stage center and external sides of the wafers, for providing horizontal and vertical reference position with six degree of freedom; the position measuring bases and the central point of the wafer are in a same line, and the adjacent points have an equal spacing; the position measurement system comprises a first position measurement system and a second position measurement system, which are symmetrically arranged at both sides of the projection objective; a distance from the measurement axis of each position measurement system to an optical axis of the projection objective is equal to the spacing between two adjacent position bases on the wafer stage; the measurement axes and the optical axis of the projection objective are in a same plane; and a connecting line of the measuring bases on the wafer stage is parallel to the plane.


![Figure][1]

Spindly is recruited to mitotic kinetochores in the absence (left) but not the presence (right) of a farnesyl transferase inhibitor.

The mitotic checkpoint protein hSpindly must be farnesylated at its C terminus in order to be recruited to kinetochores, [Moudgil et al.][2]


Abstract : The object of this 1942 report was to determine the ballistic and metallurgical characteristics of four foreign helmets.


Flood monitoring is of crucial importance for protecting lives and properties. Change detection (CD) methods on multisource remote sensing images have been widely used for flood extent monitoring. In this article, we propose a spatiotemporal fusion CD (STFCD) algorithm, exploiting the spatial dependence and temporal interaction of multisource heterogeneous (MSH) satellite image time series (SITS), to realize improved flood CD performance in comparison with existing methods. The proposed STFCD algorithm mainly contains two steps, i.e., spatial clustering and temporal fusion (TF). In the spatial clustering step, we propose a sparse Markov random field (MRF)-based strategy to exploit contextually spatial features in each image of MSH-SITS, which provides a larger local receptive field than the commonly used MRF. In the TF step, the historical information of flood detection results is employed as constraints to effectively reduce the effects of terrain shadows in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images and cloud shadows and topography shadows in optical images on flood CD results of existing methods in accordance with the temporal dependence among MSH-SITS. Experiments on real MSH-SITS (containing Gaofen-1, Gaofen-3, Gaofen-6, Sentinel-1, and Sentinel-2 satellite images) covering Chinese Amur and Huma Rivers show that the overall flood CD accuracy of our proposed STFCD algorithm is higher than the other commonly used algorithms for CD of flood extents and demonstrate the robustness of our proposed STFCD algorithm.


Data similarity (or distance) computation is a fundamental research topic which underpins many high-level applications based on similarity measures in machine learning and data mining. However, in large-scale real-world scenarios, the exact similarity computation has become daunting due to "3V" nature (volume, velocity and variety) of big data. In this case, the hashing techniques have been verified to efficiently conduct similarity estimation in terms of both theory and practice. Currently, MinHash is a popular technique for efficiently estimating the Jaccard similarity of binary sets and furthermore, weighted MinHash is generalized to estimate the generalized Jaccard similarity of weighted sets. This review focuses on categorizing and discussing the existing works of weighted MinHash algorithms. In this review, we mainly categorize the weighted MinHash algorithms into quantization-based approaches, "active index"-based ones and others, and show the evolution and inherent connection of the weighted MinHash algorithms, from the integer weighted MinHash ones to the real-valued weighted MinHash ones. Also, we have developed a Python toolbox for the algorithms, and released it in our github. We experimentally conduct a comprehensive study of the standard MinHash algorithm and the weighted MinHash ones in the similarity estimation error and the information retrieval task.


This essay reviews Richard A. Epstein, Antitrust Consent Decrees in Theory and Practice: Why Less is More (AEI Press 2007).


The problem of detumbling a freely spinning and precessing axisymmetric target satellite with feedback control by an axisymmetric retriever spacecraft or orbital maneuvering vehicle is considered. Equations of motion for the two-body system are derived using Euler's dynamical equations in conjunction with the methodology developed by Hooker and Margulies. A Liapunov technique is employed to derive a nonlinear feedback control law for the thruster torques applied by the orbital maneuvering vehicle and the motor torques applied at the joint to drive the two-body system to a final spin-stabilized state asymptotically. State and control histories are presented to illustrate that the detumbling process is quite benign and that the required control magnitudes are small. The loads at the joint are determined and found to be within acceptable bounds during detumbling.


Backazimuth estimates derived from surface wave polarization can be used to test association of an observed surface wave with a seismic event. However, commonly used techniques for estimating the backazimuth are subject to a number of errors and are often inaccurate. We evaluate the performance of a new algorithm for determining Rayleigh wave propagation direction from the cross‐correlation of the horizontal and Hilbert transformed vertical seismograms. This proves to be more accurate and much less error‐prone than current automatic processing procedures, and the cross‐correlation value provides a good measure of the reliability of the backazimuth estimate. Consequently, the new algorithm will permit more reliable event association at a lower magnitude threshold.


Citation Leizer AL, Alvero AB, Fu HH, Holmberg JC, Cheng Y‐C, Silasi D‐A, Rutherford T, Mor G. Regulation of inflammation by the NF‐κB pathway in ovarian cancer stem cells. Am J Reprod Immunol 2011; 65: 438–447


Recent trends of increasing core-count and bandwidth/memory wall have motivated researchers to explore novel memory technologies for designing processor components such as cache, register file, shared memory, and so on. Domain-wall memory (DWM), also known as racetrack memory, is a promising emerging technology due to its non-volatility and very high density. However, use of DWM presents challenges due to characteristics of both DWM itself (e.g., requirement of shift operations, variable latency) and processor components. Recently, several techniques have been proposed to address these challenges. This article presents a survey of architectural techniques for using DWM for designing components in both CPU and GPU. We discuss techniques related to performance, energy, and reliability and also discuss works that compare DWM with other memory technologies. We also highlight the opportunities and obstacles in using DWM for designing processor components. This survey is expected to spark further research in this area and be useful for researchers, chip designers, and computer architects.


Let A = (a1, a2, a3, …) be a sequence of positive integers. We let denote the set of integers that are sums of distinct terms of A. If P(A) contains all sufficiently large integers, we say that A is complete. We shall show that certain classes of sequences that are characterized by their rate of growth are complete.


Purpose - This exploratory study aims to bring out a conceptual approach, based on available literature, to identify the key factors for success in management consulting with an Indian entrepreneur.
Design/methodology/approach - The authors have drawn extensively from extant literature and have specifically addressed the Indian entrepreneur's characteristics.
Findings - The importance of Expertise and competence, Client focus, Trust, Agreement on objectives, Agreement on deliverables, Alignment, Consultant characteristics, Project management skills, Client readiness and Locus of control have been discussed from extant literature. These have been mapped to an entrepreneur's conditions and propositions have been made.
Practical implications - The key implication of this study is that a management consultant can understand perspectives in an engagement with an entrepreneur in India.
Originality/value - By integrating success factors in management consulting from literature and essential characteristics of an entrepreneur, also from literature, into a single discussion, the paper offers a focussed view for the management consultant to engage an entrepreneur, not available in the current literature.
Key words - Management consulting, consulting, Indian, entrepreneur, success.


A stability-indicating high-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method for determination of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in bulk drug and in tablet has been developed and validated. The mobile phase selected was chloroform : methanol (9.0 : 1.0, v/v) with ultraviolet (UV) detection at 260 nm. The retention factor was found to be 0.49 ± 0.03 with correlation coefficients of 0.9994 in the range 300–1500 ng/spot and with an accuracy of 99.25%. Method had the potential to determine tenofovir disoproxil fumarate from tablet without any interference, and it was a stability-indicating one.


In this article, an EIO cavity with a frequency of 38GHz is designed and the particle simulation is shown. Through numerical calculation and computer simulation, the results of particle simulation is also shown in this article. When the voltage is 20.4kV, the current is 1.35A, and the longitudinal magnetic field is 0.3t, the average output power is 9.3kW, and the energy conversion efficiency is 33.8%。This research is of great significance for the development of millimeter wave vacuum devices.


In a technical product's early stages, the typical IEEE MultiMedia reader would judge it by the strength and novelty of its technology. Early adopters in our community will accept a product more based on the technology it uses and the function it performs than its ease of use and their experience in using it. The situation changes when a product ships to mainstream users. Normal users don't care nearly as much about what technology goes into a product. They care more about the problem the product solves and their experience while using it. Given products with the same functionality, what will make the experience better? This critical consideration helps determine a product's success in the marketplace.


It supported with the best technology itself and the user. That development may implemented the new fuction. This research discuss the making application that is used un phone. It is M- SODAKU game. This application is done by doing three step, rst is collecting data, continued by designing appli- cation, making program and implemented the progam. In implementation step, the writer try-out this application by making a quesioner to the society. Those included ve men and ve women and included the variety from the job. From the result, a half of them agree with the existing of this ap- plication and half of them doent agree with this application because it is


An experimental study was conducted to investigate the effect of ice accretions on the aerodynamic characteristics of a 100 mm-chord NACA 0012 airfoil section. Four different configurations of the airfoil model were considered: clean profile and profile with glaze, rime and mixed ice-accretion. shapes. The considered shapes were derived from measurements performed at the NASA Lewis Icing Research Tunnel (IRT). Tests were performed in the closed test section of an open circuit calibration tunnel: the chord Reynolds number was about 200000. Velocity field was measured by means of PIV technique on the clean and mixed airfoils, whereas aerodynamic coefficients for all the different ice accretion shapes were measured as a function of airfoil incidence, by means of a three component balance. The experimental results show remarkable aerodynamic characteristics decay due to the simulated ice formation: glaze configuration shows worst performances with inversion of the lift-incidence curve and a dramatic increase of the drag coefficient. PIV measurements show large regions of separated flow even at low incidence and for moderate amount of ice (mixed shape): in fact, due to the low chord Reynolds number, no flow reattachment occurs downstream the separation.


vectors, diseased plants, etc.), and usually one sample is tested on each test plant; this is binomial sampling. However, in the procedure we name the 'multipletransfer method' more than one sample may be tested on each test plant. This increases the number of samples tested without increasing the number of test plants used, and errors due to heterogeneity in the population under test are therefore minimized. Results from experiments using the multiple-transfer method may be evaluated by using the maximum likelihood estimator. The method is particularly reliable when the proportion of infected samples being studied is small, but can lead to considerable over-estimation when the proportion is high.


I investigate the daily dynamics of the soil-water-climate system in water- and energy-limited environments. I analyze the stochastic component of radiation at the Earth's surface in the photosynthetically active spectral band in 28 sites located around the world and propose a clear-sky based methodology to model it. In order to study the e_ect of stochastic radiation on soil moisture and evapotranspiration, we use the proposed radiation model and the ecohydrological model of Rodr__guez-Iturbe et al. I introduce a semi-analytical equation to analyze the dynamics of evapotranspiration as a function of stochastic rainfall and radiation. With climatic and physiological measurements from the FLUXNET dataset, and taking into account the coupling of water and CO2 uxes through the leaf plant, I parameterize the link of transpiration and available energy, which is used to extend the ecohydrological model to energy-limited ecosystems. Finally, I carry out an application to landslides triggered by rainfall, relating the factor of safety of a slope to soil moisture, and examine the widely used threshold rainfall approach to estimate the landslides occurrence.


The value of the clinics with regard to getting hold of previously unsuspected cases of syphilis is marked, the history of previous gestations being often the only guide. When the diagnosis is confirmed, the mother is usually easily induced to attend a venereal clinic for treatment. Minor gynaecological cases are treated at the clinic as they have an influence on future pregnancies. A very brief contrast is drawn between the prognosis of the confinements of the women of the poorer class, who do, or do not, attend at an ante-natal clinic. Routine examination reveals the presence of albuminurias, and by watching these cases threatened eclampsias can be sorted out and treated


Shading loss of a multitracker concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) system can be predicted, and for doing this, geometrical optimization will be useful. The optimum allocation for infinite land will be either rectangular allocation parallel to the N-S and E-W axis or checkerboard allocation. We solve an optimization problem with the introduction of nondimensional parameters in geometry, namely, optimum conditions as a function of space factor and panel aspect ratio. The type of optimum allocation pattern and its aspect ratio depend on latitude, climate pattern, aspect ratio of panels, and space factor. Our calculation results show that, in general, checkerboard allocation is preferred for locations with higher latitude, higher sun irradiation in summer, higher space factor, and horizontally longer rectangular solar panels.


The culture of sport of minority is that minorities describe the course of existence of their race in their special existent environment.The culture of sport of minority which originated from some activities of survive,productive labor,religion and sacrifices,festival celebration in their race has obvious regional feature in its relative steady course of development in succession.It is the important cultural symbol of maintaining relations of minority.


This paper covers a total of 82 bibliometric studies on single journals (62 studies cover unique titles) published between 1998 and 2008 grouped into the following fields; Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences (12 items); Medical and Health Sciences (19 items); Sciences and Technology (30 items) and Library and Information Sciences (21 items). Under each field the studies are described in accordance to their geographical location in the following order, United Kingdom, United States and Americana, Europe, Asia (India, Africa and Malaysia). For each study, elements described are (a) the journal's publication characteristics and indexation information; (b) the objectives; (c) the sampling and bibliometric measures used; and (d) the results observed. A list of journal titles studied is appended. The results show that (a)bibliometric studies cover journals in various fields; (b) there are several revisits of some journals which are considered important; (c) Asian and African contributions is high (41.4% of total studies; 43.5% covering unique titles), United States (30.4% of total; 31.0% on unique titles), Europe (18.2% of total and 14.5% on unique titles) and the United Kingdom (10% of total and 11% on unique titles); (d) a high number of bibliometrists are Indians and as such coverage of Indian journals is high (28% of total studies; 30.6% of unique titles); and (e) the quality of the journals and their importance either nationally or internationally are inferred from their indexation status.


The Grenville Front is a major tectonic boundary exposed on the Canadian Shield. The front is defined as the northwestern limit of Grenvillian deformation, on the basis of geochronological and metamorphic data. This boundary is also evident in some geophysical data sets. The Lithoprobe Abitibi–Grenville transect crosses the Grenville Front near Lac Temiscamingue in western Quebec. A new 114 km long deep seismic reflection line shows a crustal structure quite different from that seen on previous surveys across the Grenville Front. The Archean foreland (Pontiac Subprovince) has a pattern of reflectivity similar to that seen in most of the Superior Province. This pattern continues for some 30 km south of the surface exposure of the Grenville Front. There is no evidence for a band of dipping reflectors truncating the horizontal Pontiac reflectors; in fact, the leading edge of the Grenville Province is difficult to identify on the seismic section. The Moho is well defined and reveals that the crust thins under...


1. Number of eggs laid per plant by Jowar shoot fly varies from one to eight. In most of the cases, one to two eggs per plant are laid.


Among the different shapes available, conical vessels are commonly used as water reservoirs because of their large storage capacities. Motivated by the lack of guidelines available for their analysis and design in the existing codes of practice, this study focuses on analyzing reinforced concrete conical tanks under the effect of hydrostatic pressure. A finite element model (FEM), which accounts for material nonlinearity experienced in reinforced concrete, is developed. This nonlinearity is considered by implementing a concrete plasticity constitutive model in the developed FEM. Analysis of a set of 12 tanks with different practical dimensions is performed under hydrostatic water pressure. The variations of meridional and hoop stresses through the thickness of the tanks are determined by plotting the stresses at the outer faces of the tank's wall. The effect of including material nonlinearity in the FEM on the deformed shape is assessed. The developed FEM is used to find the location of maximum deflection...


The microwave and power performance of fabricated InP-based single and double heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) is presented. The single heterojunction bipolar transistors (SHBTs), which had a 5000 /spl Aring/ InGaAs collector, had BV/sub CEO/ of 7.2 V and J/sub Cmax/ of 2/spl times/10/sup 5/ A/cm/sup 2/. The resulting HBTs with 2/spl times/10 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ emitters produced up to 1.1 mW//spl mu/m2 at 8 GHz with efficiencies over 30%. Double heterojunction bipolar transistors (DHBTs) with a 3000-/spl Aring/ InP collector had a BV/sub CEO/ of 9 V and J/sub c max/ of 1.1/spl times/10/sup 5/ A/cm/sup 2/, resulting in power densities up to 1.9 mW//spl mu/m/sup 2/ at 8 GHz and a peak efficiency of 46%. Similar DHBTs with a 6000 /spl Aring/ InP collector had a higher BV/sub CEO/ of 18 V, but the J/sub c max/ decreased to 0.4/spl times/10/sup 5/ A/cm/sup 2/ due to current blocking at the base-collector junction. Although the 6000 /spl Aring/ InP collector provided higher f/sub max/ and gain than the 3000 /spl Aring/ collector, the lower J/sub c max/ reduced its maximum power density below that of the SHBT wafer. The impact on power performance of various device characteristics, such as knee voltage, breakdown voltage, and maximum current density, are analyzed and discussed.


In this study, we compared the skinfold thickness values in the school children measured by a caliper with those obtained by an ultrasonic apparatus.The results demonstrated a linear relationship between the two methods.Conclusions are summarized as follows ; 1) There is a linear relationship between the value of skinfold thickness measured by caliper and that by ultrasonic apparatus. 2) This high correlation is seen not only in normal children but also in obese children. 3) Caliper measuring, easy to use and cheap, is suitable to judge the effectiveness of a therapeutic regimen for obese children, in which frequent measurements are required. 4) In judging the effectiveness of a regimen for obese children, accurate data on changes in skinfold thickness are needed.As shown above, measurement of skinfold thickness by caliper remains an important method in judging the effectiveness of kinesitherapy and alimento therapy for obese children.


The oxidation of alcohol using TEMPO(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidyl-1-oxyl) as an organocatalyst has become an important methodology whose reaction condition is mild due to its high efficiency and selectivity.This paper summarized the research development of TEMPO-catalyzed oxidation of alcohol and the recent progress of immobilization.


When renovating an existing building, keeping the original window and installing added convex window is beneficial for the reduction of heating energy demand. This solution is free of the disposal and/or recycling of demolition waste. In the summer season as far as the transparent structures of the building are concerned, in general, heat protection has to be used. In the case of the added convex window, it can be provided by the external air curtain mode; the movable shading device is in the buffer zone. This is a well-protected place for it, so that it can be as simple and cheap as an inner shading device. In this article examinations of the efficiency of the external air curtain mode for the heat protection is presented. The summer overheating has been analysed in two experimental huts. It has been proven that simple shading device in added convex window tempers the summer overheating as efficiently as the combination of usual window and external shading device (which is exposed to heavy weather effects and is difficult to maintain).


Multifunctional glass windows integrating energy storage and electrochromism functions have been developed via facile thermal evaporation and electrodeposition methods and a large-scale pseudocapacitive WO3-based glass window (15 cm × 15 cm) is fabricated as a prototype.


High‐speed printing or punching mechanism in office machines may result in unsatisfactory noise environments in offices. To improve the acoustical environment, machine users are faced with reducing the machine noise without altering the machine mechanisms or noise sources. Two noise reduction options available are (a) improving the noise reduction of the machine cover, and (b) the installation of partial or full enclosure around the machine. This paper discusses some case histories in which the merits of these two approaches have been investigated.


The Lower Triassic Mineral Mountains area (Utah, USA) preserves diversified Smithian and Spathian reefs and bioaccumulations that contain fenestral‐microbialites and various benthic and pelagic organisms. Ecological and environmental changes during the Early Triassic are commonly assumed to be associated with numerous perturbations (productivity changes, acidifica‐tion, redox changes, hypercapnia, eustatism and temperature changes) post‐dating the Permian–Triassic mass extinction. New data acquired in the Mineral Mountains sediments provide evidence to decipher the relationships between depositional environments and the growth and distribution of microbial structures. These data also help to understand better the controlling factors acting upon sedimentation and community turnovers through the Smithian–early Spathian. The studied section records a large‐scale depositional sequence during the Dienerian(?)–Spathian interval. During the transgression, depositional environments evolved from a coastal bay with continental deposits to intertidal fenestral–microbial limestones, shallow subtidal marine sponge–microbial reefs to deep subtidal mud‐dominated limestones. Storm‐induced deposits, microbialite–sponge reefs and shallow subtidal deposits indicate the regression. Three microbialite associations occur in ascending order: (i) a red beds microbialite association deposited in low‐energy hypersaline supratidal conditions where microbialites consist of microbial mats and poorly preserved microbially induced sedimentary structure; (ii) a Smithian microbialite association formed in moderate to high‐energy, tidal conditions where microbialites include stromatolites and associated carbonate grains (oncoids, ooids and peloids); and (iii) a Spathian microbialite association developed in low‐energy offshore conditions that is preserved as multiple decimetre thick isolated domes and coalescent domes. Data indicate that the morphologies of the three microbialite associations are controlled primarily by accommodation, hydrodynamics, bathymetry and grain supply. This study suggests that microbial constructions are controlled by changes between trapping and binding versus precipitation processes in variable hydrodynamic conditions. Due to the presence of numerous metazoans associated with microbialites throughout the Smithian increase in accommodation and Spathian decrease in accommodation, the commonly assumed anachronistic character of the Early Triassic microbialites and the traditional view of prolonged deleterious conditions during the Early Triassic time interval is questioned.


In this paper, an operator solution based on matrix transformation of the multiple-valued modulo algebra is proposed. The algorithm reduces the dimensions of operation matrices and computation. It has a clear principle, also it is suitable for the solution of symmetrical multiple-valued modulo algebra. The algorithm provides recurrenceness for cases of variable numbers n>3.


Abstract : The development of highly sensitive methods (10 to the -6th power to 10 to the -10th power %) of determining impurities by means of neutron activation encounters considerable difficulties in evaluating the sensitivity and accuracy of the analytical method employed. The authors therefore simulated the process of radioactivation analysis of high-purity substances. In their statistical treatment of the problem, the authors make use of the fact that the relative error of reproducibility of the analysis is independent of the purity of the sample and of the kind of element being determined. A physical model of radioactivation analysis was obtained for materials of high purity such as silicon, quartz glass, water, carbon, sulfur, etc., weakly activated by neutrons or producing mainly isotopes of gamma emitters after irradiation. Results of a study of direct gamma-spectroscopic activation analysis of high-purity silicon by means of the method of models are given.


We have constructed a compact frequency standard using cold cesium atoms. The operation of this experiment is different from conventional atomic fountains, since all the steps are sequentially performed inside a microwave cavity. In this paper we report the analysis of a Ramsey pattern observed to a 47 Hz linewidth and a short term stability of 5×10-13. The results show the potential use of this system compared to cesium beam standards. For the next step, we are developing a system containing lasers, microwave source and cavity in a single block. The mobile atomic standard based on cold atoms is an important contribution to a primary standard of high relevance.


Carbon storage of urban woody vegetation is crucial for climate change mitigation. Biomass structure and species composition have been shown to be important determinants of carbon storage in woody vegetation. In this study, allometric equations were used to estimate the aboveground carbon storage of urban woody vegetation along an urban–rural transect in Shanghai. A random forest model was developed to evaluate the importance scores and influence of species diversity, canopy cover, species evenness, and tree density on aboveground carbon storage. The results showed that tree density, canopy cover, species diversity, species evenness, and aboveground carbon storage of urban woody vegetation vary with the degree of urbanization and urban–rural environment. In addition, the Bayesian optimization algorithm optimized the random forest model parameters to enhance model accuracy, and good modeling results were demonstrated in the study. The R2 was at 0.61 in the testing phase and 0.78 in the training phase. The root mean square errors (RMSEs) were 0.84 Mg/ha of carbon in the testing phase and 0.57 Mg/ha in the training phase, which is indicative of a low error of the optimized model. Tree species diversity, canopy cover, species evenness, and tree density were found to correlate with aboveground carbon storage. Tree density was the most important contributor, followed by species diversity and canopy cover, and species evenness was the least effective for aboveground carbon storage. Meanwhile, the results of the partial dependence analysis indicated the combination of factors most conducive to aboveground carbon storage at a tree density of 2200 trees/ha, canopy cover of 50%, species diversity of 1.2, and species evenness of 0.8 in the transect. The findings provided practical recommendations for urban forest managers to adjust the structure and composition of woody vegetation to increase carbon storage capacity and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.


At the beginning of the paper we describe the state of art in linear cryptanalysis of block ciphers. We present algorithms for finding best linear expressions proposed by Matsui (9) and Ohta (11). We sketch basic linear cryptanalysis (0R, 1R, 2R attacks) and the known extensions. We explain the advantages and the limitations of applying linear cryptanalysis and its extensions to block ciphers. In the second part of the paper we describe our proposal of a new extension to linear attack based on the application of a probabilistic counting method. It allows the reduction of two consecutive rounds and form the basis for mounting e.g. 3R attacks. We present experimental results of the implementation of this attack to the Data Encryption Standard.


The paper reports computations of the flow and heattransfer from an array of five round jets impinging onto a concave semi-circular surface, under both stationary and rotating conditions. The geometry is designed to reproduce important flow features found in internal turbine blade cooling applications. Linear and non-linear eddy-viscosity models are applied, with wall-functions to cover the near-wall layer, and are shown to capture many of the overall flow characteristics under stationary conditions, although greater discrepancies are found in rotating cases. The standard, log-law based, form of wall-function is found to be inadequate in predicting the heat-transfer, and a more advanced form developed at Manchester (the AWF) is also tested, and shown to lead to better heat transfer results.


Visual field (VF) testing has been the mainstay for diagnosing and monitoring glaucoma. However, relying solely on VF can delay the patient's diagnosis in the early stages of the disease, as the structural changes are known to precede the functional changes and VF defects may not be clinically detectable until at least 25-35% of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are lost. This concept highlights the importance of alternative diagnostic modalities such as optical coherence tomography (OCT). OCT's ability to reliably segregate and quantify the thickness of retinal layers has allowed earlier detection of glaucoma, up to 6 years before the onset of any detectable VF loss. Compared to VF, OCT is less time-consuming and is less dependent on the patient's cooperation and test-taking ability. There are a few commercially available spectral domain OCT (SD-OCT) machines that are routinely used in glaucoma clinics. These devices are fundamentally similar with comparable performance, but their scanning protocols and segmentation algorithms are not analogous; thus, the measured parameters may not necessarily be interchangeable between devices and the values should be interpreted relative to the normative databases specific to each machine. In this review, we present the clinical applications of OCT imaging in glaucoma and share some clinical pearls and pitfalls.


Because hospital accounting system must be used as various analytical indexes including data of health insurance charge and policy, it is necessary to become transparent. But the application of reserve fund for essential business for current hospital accounting system can be recognized as evidence of earnings management for surplus avoidance, and it is able to impair the transparency of accounting. The purpose of this study is to research on the actual condition of domestic national university hospital accounting. It is served the 7 National University Hospital`s accounting system, and suggests the new direction to improve the hospital accounting system. The results are summarized as followings. First, I find that most of hospitals reported net loss by utilizing reserve fund for essential business. This implies that they alter reserve fund to exaggerate accounting numbers. These opportunistic earnings management may impair the reliability of accounting information. The second, the current regulation of reserved fund for essential business should be revised into dealing with appropriation of surplus and closing adjustment of Corporate Income Tax Law is replaced with return adjustment. This paper contributes to suggest evidence that a hospital determines the level of net income using reserve fund for essential business. This paper provides several political implications to the tax authorities scheduled to conduct reserve fund for essential business.


The main objective of this project was to demonstrate favorable opportunities of using dolls through the process of implementation of heritage-oriented educational project, especially through doll's use as "doll- project" and "doll- friend of the group". Through observation and assessment of children's various activities during this cultural project, in this thesis we indicate what literature and educational practice have confirmed- the use of dolls eases the path from child's initial idea to concrete apprehension of questions that surround him, questions focused especially on cultural heritage in this thesis. A doll is a visual, tactile and audible instrument, an exceptional motivational tool, an incentive for enrichment and sensitization of child's emotional, social and cognitive development. Doll-making activities, symbolic doll games and improvisations using dolls during projects confirm the fact that dolls enhance and prolong child's interest for particular topics dolls are used in. This thesis aims to show particular downsides or obstacles observed during project's duration, such as lack of time needed for project's full implementation (three months); obstacles in cooperation between two groups of children due to poor cooperation of their respective teachers (two teachers administrate different programs in the same room); certain organizational and material problems, which have all affected project's course and outcomes. We want to point out that it is possible to continue the described project in order to enhance children's knowledge of cultural heritage, but in regard to aforementioned issues. Moreover, these obstacles may become positive challenges in exploration of more favorable conditions and contexts for implementation of general educational projects in pre-school/kindergarten, as well as those rooting from cultural heritage.


This paper describes how an external stimulus can be used to stimulate oral production, even among the most hesitant and reluctant of learners who are too timid or terrified of speaking aloud before their peers and superiors. It is further argued here that a connection exists between oral sharing and the student writing process. The author suggests that effective conversation and effective writing both demand an examination of a text that exemplifies the genre in which students hope to produce spoken comments and written arguments. A careful textual analysis, undertaken as a class activity, serves to bring the student from the realm of the personal into the common ground of shared, purposeful and goal-directed conversation with others. This prepares students for the world of academic sharing (such as at a scholarly conference) and professional writing.


P type monocrystal with boron concentration above of 8×1019cm-3has been growthed with CG6000 CZ furnace. The heavily component melt cooling has been restrained through the modification of hotzone and the optimizing of growth process. We finally got the dislocation-free heavily doped boron crystal with the resistivity below 1.5×10-3Ω·cm,then reaserch and analyse the procedure of the growth. With all the experiments,we enhance the efficiency and yield of the heavily doped boron crystal.


Norbert Elias explained that «there are more generations needed to fulfil» the aim of establishing process theoretical thinking. Now we realize that in fact it was and still is continued. Having been embedded in a specific phase of modernisation after World War Two the scientific reception of Norbert Elias's work impressed a whole generation. Elias had an enormous impact and meaning for a generation that is now in retirement: whilst he was a «grandfatherly teacher», an «intellectual grandfather» or friend for the ones he was also a «sparring partner», «window opener» and «giant» of Sociology for others. By interviewing ten of his scholars, assistants and colleagues I therefore ask for the fascination of Norbert Elias as a person and as a scientist embedded both in changing international and national scientific communities. Focusing his oeuvre and biography the conditions of reception and interpretation of sociology from exile became clear within a European carrier group of the «second generation» of process sociological thinking. «In- and Out-group» relations, «Master-Scholar» relations developed in a continuously ambivalence of intellectual friendship, competition, recognition as well as rivalry.


Teaching, as a profession, involves high levels of emotional labor. This aspect of teaching makes it distinct from other lines of work. It is an emotion-based profession, and good practice of teaching is full of positive emotions. This positivity is a must in the teacher's relationship with his/her students to ensure a healthy classroom atmosphere. The purpose of this study was to examine teachers' emotional labor behaviors based on various variables. This study was designed as a descriptive survey model, conducted on 556 teachers working in 21 different schools in İstanbul. With a stratified sampling method, the study data were collected through a measuring tool consisting of 'Personal Information Form' and 'Emotional Labor Scale'. Percentage (%), frequency (f), standard deviation (s), mean score (x̄) values were calculated, and One-Way ANOVA tests and T-test were performed. As a result of the research, it was found that teachers' overall emotional labor behavior level was medium. The highest average score, which was collected under the factor of "genuine emotions," is "high"; the lowest average score, which was collected under the "surface acting" factor, is "low", and teachers' deep acting level was "medium." Teachers' emotional labor levels vary based on gender, profession, and school type. On the other hand, teachers' emotional labor levels do not vary according to their age, tenure, and education level. The findings were discussed, and recommendations were made to the practitioners and researchers.


In this study we investigate the risk characteristics of U.S.-based multinational corporations (MNCs) that conduct much of their business in the European Community. Specifically, we assess the efficacy of a multifactor return-generating model that incorporates the influence of U.S. and European markets. Our results demonstrate that the European market is a significant factor in explaining the time-series behavior of MNC returns, and that the European market influence is stronger since the adoption of the Single European Act. In addition, the reduction in the sensitivity of MNCs to the U.S. market since the Single European Act is cross-sectionally associated with changes in their proportional levels of European sales. The results suggest that the returns of other MNCs expanding into increasingly integrated regional blocs may experience similar changes in their systematic risk profile.


SUMMARY Chilli (Capsicum annuum) is an important commercial and export-oriented crop in India. In this paper, an overview of chilli breeding research in India has been given.Germplasm sources resistant to Chili/pepper leaf curl virus (ChiLCV) Chili veinal mottle virus (ChiMoV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), anthracnose, bacterial wilt, nematodes and powdery mildew have been identified and used in current breeding programs. The northeast region has emerged as having a novel diversity in the cultivated species of the genus Capsicum. Nuclear and cytoplasmic male sterility system have been developed and exploited at commercial scale to develop hybrids and their seeds. The developmental accomplishments including national releases of commercial chilli cultivars (open pollinated varieties and hybrids) and dissemination of their seed has been discussed. Changes in climate and society are explored as they relate to chilli production; research across multiple sectors is advocated to address these and other concerns to boost the chilli industry.


A major factor in the economic exploitation of geothermal resources will be the cost-effective selection of materials that have sufficient resistance to corrosion to maintain component integrity during plant operation. Various metals have been tested in laboratory and in-situ weight-loss exposure tests (Soultz-sous-Forets) and instrumented exposure (electrochemical polarization) in geothermal brine from Soultz-sous-Forets, France. Mild steels (N80, P110, P235GH and P265GH) are subject to corrosion. However, the formation of secondary corrosion products (mainly FeCO3) contributes to materials corrosion resistance and reduces the corrosion rate over time. Potentiodynamic polarization has been used to study the passivation tendency of stainless steels and alloys, showing good agreement with exposure tests. 430F showed pitting after 4 weeks of in in-situ and autoclave exposure, while higher-strength materials (316L, 318L, 904L, alloy 31 and Ti grade 2) showed no obvious sign of surface degradation and/or scaling.


This paper reports a study with 21 14‐ and 15‐year‐old pupils, which was designed to investigate the effects of differences in context on the pupils' interpretations of changes in trends in two curve cartesian graph displays. The syntax of the two graphs is equivalent. A classification of different types of interpretations is presented and tabular accounts show the chronological evolution of two pupils' interpretations for both displays. The conclusions from the study are that the context of the graphs does influence the pupils' interpretations in a variety of ways.


Disruption of the dopaminergic system is an important pathogenic link of many diseases, including addictive disorders. A major factor in these diseases is the dysfunction of the dopamine receptor of the second type (D2 receptor). The development of effective preventive measures are possible on the knowledge of neurotransmitter metabolism, genetic factors, and behavioral patterns that indicate the risk of addiction. The aim of this study was investigation the behavior and content of biogenic amines in the Amygdala of brain alcohol-preferring and nonalcohol-preferring rats before and after acoustic stress. Authors made the analysis of behavioral orientation-research reactions and content of biogenic amines and their metabolites in the Amygdala before and after exposure to the stressor. The object of the study were rats with genotype A1/A1 on the locus Taq 1A gene D2 receptor, after breeding on the preference of alcohol. As a stressor used five times daily audiogenic stimulation. It is shown that alcohol-preferring rats exhibit increased locomotor activity before stress and rearing in "open field" and anxiety-like behavior in the "elevated plus maze"; the content of dopamine and norepinephrine in amygdala is higher than in non-alcohol-preferring rats. After stress in both groups of rats, anxiety level increases, but the pattern its manifestation is different. Alcohol-preferring rats are hyperactive and non-alcohol-preferring rats are passive. The above behavior is accompanied by decrease of dopamine and serotonin content and norepinephrine increase. On the basis of the results and summarized literature, authors concluded that the predisposition to alcoholism is explained by the change of stress reactivity of an organism.


We describe a 2 × 6 channel sodium/proton array for knee MRI at 3T. Multielement coil arrays are desirable because of well‐known signal‐to‐noise ratio advantages over volume and single‐element coils. However, low tissue–coil coupling that is characteristic of coils operating at low frequency can make the potential gains from a phased array difficult to realize.


Ladies as mothers for your children,  education for women is not only necessary, but it is very important to get attention. Education, stems  from families, and the role of ladies as mothers is significant. In addition, the views of Sufis and philosophers about the complementary relationship between masculine and feminine traits in human beings, should be a grip for educators. Education must be balanced between affection and firmness, between forgiveness and discipline enforcement. Women in the modern era are development stakeholders, therefore development implementation should emphasize the importance of women's empowerment efforts. Involvement of women community to participate in providing input in formulation and supervision. So they can actively participate in the development process to realize a just and prosperous society, without any kind of oppression.


Macrophage scavenger receptor (MSR) is one of the major receptors of macrophages. It plays an important role in the pathological deposition of cholesterol in macrophage-derived foam cells during atherogenesis through receptor-mediated uptake of modified low density lipoproteins. MSR is also important for macrophages to recognize and eliminate pathogenic microorganisms. Targeted disruption of the MSR gene resulted in a reduction in the size of atherosclerotic lesions in atherosclerosis model mice. MSR-knockout mice were more susceptible to infection. Hepatic granuloma formation induced by a single intravenous injection of heat-killed Corynebacterium parvum was significantly delayed in MSR-knockout mice. Using MSR-knockout mice as immunization animals, five monoclonal antibodies against human MSR were successfully produced. Immunohistochemistry using these antibodies revealed a restricted distribution of MSR protein on tissue macrophages in various tissues and organs. These antibodies will provide a new approach to study the role of MSR in normal and various pathological conditions in humans.


A conversation with two South African literary scholars who have engaged in comparative research on Polish and South African literature, addressing historical parallels between the two regions. The conversation was conducted through an email exchange.


Locking is widely used as a concurrency control mechanism in database systems. As more OLTP databases are stored mostly or entirely in memory, transactional throughput is less and less limited by disk IO, and lock managers increasingly become performance bottlenecks.

In this paper, we introduce very lightweight locking (VLL), an alternative approach to pessimistic concurrency control for main-memory database systems that avoids almost all overhead associated with traditional lock manager operations. We also propose a protocol called selective contention analysis (SCA), which enables systems implementing VLL to achieve high transactional throughput under high contention workloads. We implement these protocols both in a traditional single-machine multi-core database server setting and in a distributed database where data is partitioned across many commodity machines in a shared-nothing cluster. Our experiments show that VLL dramatically reduces locking overhead and thereby increases transactional throughput in both settings.


The propagation rates of advancing and retreating non-premixed edge flames in a slot-jet counterflow were measured as a function of strain rate for varying jet spacing, mixture strength, stoichiometric mixture fractions and Lewis numbers (Le). Methane and propane fuels were tested and nitrogen and carbon dioxide were used as inerts. As results, we could identify igniting fronts, retreating fronts, two total extinction limits, and short-length edge flames. A burner separation affected to a low extinction limit only. Regimes for advancing and retreating edges together with total extinction were mapped in terms of normalized flame thickness and heat loss factor for mixtures. Edge flames for > 0.5 behaved like a stronger mixture while for . Furthermore, due to the relative importance of heat loss, propagating speeds of edge flames were significantly enhanced in mixtures (Le mixtures (Le > 1) showed opposite result.


This article studies mining extractivism in Latin America by developing an argument, which sustains that although a complex phenomenon, mining extractivism can be systemized in general standards. These standards can be again configured as an analytical pattern in the region. Building on a meaningful case study (the Marlin mine in Guatemala), the article outlines four parallelisms on mining extractivism in Latin America: the transnational mining at its peak, the institutional support, the territorial appropriation and the emerging unrest. Finally, the article suggests that these parallelisms of mining extractivism lead us to two unavoidable issues in Latin America: The primary exporting model, and democracy.


Abstract : A transform method is presented for detecting elements of a parametric family of curves in noisy point-set images. Local maxima of the transform in the parameters space will correspond to best approximations to parts of the data. The cases of linear, circular, and parabolic approximations are discussed. (Author)


The book has seven parts having 38 essays which discuss issues confronting India during the fiscal crisis in the US and Europe in 2008-2009. They were published in Business Standard in 2009-2011. Hence, they are short and journalistic in style. They are addressed to a general reader rather than a specialist. Because they are somewhat old writings, their relevance has come down.


Turkey is the sixth largest producer ofcotton in the world. Two of the most commonlyapplied pesticides used in cotton production aretrifluralin and endosulfan. Although both are veryeffective at controlling pests, their persistence inthe environment poses risks to human health andthe environment. Four loam soils and one siltyloamsoil were studied to evaluate the persistenceof trifluralin and endosulfan in relation tosoil characteristics. Degradation with trifluralinreached as high as 70% of the applied doses. Soilswith the highest organic matter content had thelowest degradation rate, indicating a tighter sorptionof trifluralin. Endosulfan degradation was a function of soil type and the specific isomer, withs-endosulfan depicting the highest degradation.


© 2011 by the English Linguistic Society of Japan * This is a revised and extended version of the papers I read at the 26th and 27th conferences of the English Linguistic Society of Japan held at University of Tsukuba on 15th–16th November, 2008 and at Osaka University on 14th–15th November, 2009, respectively (published as Watanabe (2009, 2010a) in JELS 26 and 27), and the 3rd International Conference of the Society of Historical English Language and Linguistics held at Hiroshima University on 28th–30th August, 2009 (published as Watanabe (2010b)). I wish to express my gratitude to Professor Hideki Watanabe, Professor Naoko Hayase, Ryosaku Asai and two anonymous EL reviewers for their invaluable comments and suggestions. I am also grateful to Professor Jon Clenton for stylistic improvements and to Professor Tomoji Tabata for allowing me to use the Eighteenth-Century Fiction database. Any errors and inadequacies are my own.


A systematic scheme of classification of subjects in radio science and engineering is necessary in classifying references to current radio publications and also for classifying all sorts of other radio material, such as reports, reprints, drawings, books, apparatus, etc. In an effort to fill the need for a radio classification this extension of the Dewey decimal system was prepared. Since the publication of the first edition of this circular, in 1923, the subject classification it presents has been used extensively by many radio research workers and engineers as well as by the radio section of the Bureau of Standards. The present edition brings the classification up to date and makes a few changes which use has shown to be necessary.


Introduction & objectives. Efficient market hypothesis. Critiques to the efficient market hypothesis. Introduction to machine learning. Machine learning projects implementation. Empirical machine learning tests on EMH. Implementation of allocation strategies. Limitations & directions for further research.


Objective A portable, low-field MRI system is now Food and Drug Administration cleared and has been shown to be safe and useful in adult intensive care unit settings. No neonatal studies have been performed. The objective is to assess our preliminary experience and assess feasibility of using the portable MRI system at the bedside in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) at a quaternary children's hospital. Study design This was a single-site prospective cohort study in neonates ≥2 kg conducted between October and December 2020. All parents provided informed consent. Neonates underwent portable MRI examination in the NICU with support equipment powered on and attached to the neonate during the examination. A paediatric radiologist interpreted each portable MRI examination. The study outcome variable was percentage of portable MRI examinations completed without artefacts that would hinder diagnosis. Findings were compared between portable MRI examinations and standard of care examinations. Results Eighteen portable, low-field MRI examinations were performed on 14 neonates with an average age of 29.7 days (range 1–122 days). 94% (17 of 18) of portable MRI examinations were acquired without significant artefact. Significant intracranial pathology was visible on portable MRI, but subtle abnormalities were missed. The examination reads were concordant in 59% (10 of 17) of cases and significant pathology was missed in 12% (2 of 17) of cases. Conclusion This single-centre series demonstrated portable MRI examinations can be performed safely with standard patient support equipment present in the NICU. These findings demonstrate that portable MRI could be used in the future to guide care in the NICU setting. Trial registration number NCT04629469. The authors describe their single center NICU experience in use of a portable MRI. They report these scans are feasible in a sub-population on NICU babies, and are superior to bed side head ultrasound in detecting ischemic lesions. Images obtained are of lower resolution than conventional MRI scans.


This paper presents the design and implementation of several fundamental dense linear algebra (DLA) algorithms for multicore with Intel Xeon Phi coprocessors. In particular, we consider algorithms for solving linear systems. Further, we give an overview of the MAGMA MIC library, an open source, high performance library, that incorporates the developments presented here and, more broadly, provides the DLA functionality equivalent to that of the popular LAPACK library while targeting heterogeneous architectures that feature a mix of multicore CPUs and coprocessors.The LAPACK-compliance simplifies the use of the MAGMA MIC library in applications, while providing them with portably performant DLA. High performance is obtained through the use of the high-performance BLAS, hardware-specific tuning, and a hybridization methodology whereby we split the algorithm into computational tasks of various granularities. Execution of those tasks is properly scheduled over the heterogeneous hardware by minimizing data movements and mapping algorithmic requirements to the architectural strengths of the various heterogeneous hardware components. Our methodology and programming techniques are incorporated into the MAGMA MIC API, which abstracts the application developer fromthe specifics of the Xeon Phi architecture and is therefore applicable to algorithms beyond the scope of DLA.


This study presents a novel approach based on advancements in Evolutionary Computation for data-driven modeling of complex multi-dimensional memory-dependent systems. The investigated example is a benchmark coupled three-dimensional system that incorporates 6 Bouc-Wen elements, and is subjected to external excitations at three points. The proposed technique of this research adapts Genetic Programming for discovering the optimum structure of the differential equation of an auxiliary variable associated with every specific degree-of-freedom of this system that integrates the imposed effect of vibrations at all other degrees-of-freedom. After the termination of the first phase of the optimization process, a system of differential equations is formed that represent the multi-dimensional hysteretic system. Then, the parameters of this system of differential equations are optimized in the second phase using Genetic Algorithms to yield accurate response estimates globally, because the separately obtained differential equations are coupled essentially, and their true performance can be assessed only when the entire system of coupled differential equations is solved. The resultant model after the second phase of optimization is a low-order low-complexity surrogate computational model that represents the investigated three-dimensional memory-dependent system. Hence, this research presents a promising data-driven modeling technique for obtaining optimized representative models for multi-dimensional hysteretic systems that yield reasonably accurate results, and can be generalized to many problems, in various fields, ranging from engineering to economics as well as biology.


Some problems of qualitative analysis of differential equations can be reduced to algebraic ones that allows one to apply efficiently computer algebra methods for their solving. Examples of such problems are: finding equilibrium points, periodic solutions, stationary sets, etc., as well as investigation of stability, attraction and bifurcations for such types of solutions. The paper presents an approach to investigation of dynamic systems, the motion equations of which possess first integrals. This approach is based on the Routh-Lyapunov method [1] and computer algebra methods. We demonstrate our technique by an example of symbolic analysis of dynamic systems which are described by Euler's equations with polynomial first integrals. The differential equations of this problem write [2]:


We present a bulk micromachining technology, based on vertical trench isolation, for fabrication of two-level MEMS in a standard monocrystalline silicon substrate. The technology, suitable for full integration with on-chip electronics, employs double-side processing to obtain functional micromechanical structures on both sides of the substrate. Etching and release of these microstructures are performed in a single plasma chamber allowing dry, low temperature processing. Utilizing double-side processing, high-aspect-ratio monocrystalline MEMS with integrated vertical electrical insulation on fixed and even on movable parts are fabricated on one side of the wafer and, at the same time, mechanically and electrically coupled with released micromechanical structures on the opposite side. This opens new design opportunities to improve performance and functionality of MEMS devices. The presented technology is employed for fabrication of electrostatic XY-scanners for probe-based data storage with a significantly larger effective recording area proving the feasibility and large potential of this technology.


Like humans, computer vision systems can better infer a scene's 3-D structure by processing its 2-D images taken from multiple viewpoints. While this seems effortless for humans, it is still a challenge for computer vision. Underlying the act of associating the different perspectives is a problem called wide-baseline stereo, which computes the geometric relationship between two overlapping views. Wide-baseline stereo can be problematic when working on images taken of real-life urban environments, due to practical issues such as poor image quality or ambiguity raised by repetitive patterns. We analyze why these factors pose difficulties for current methods and propose principles that can make wide-baseline stereo more effective, in terms of both robustness and accuracy.
We treat wide-baseline stereo as a sequence of three sub-problems: feature detection, feature matching, and fundamental matrix estimation. We propose improvements for each of these and test them on real images of 3-D urban scenes. For feature detection, we demonstrate that when we use both image intensity contrast and entropy-based visual saliency, we are better at repeatably extracting features of a 3-D scene. We use intensity contrast as a cue for obtaining initial feature seeds, which are then evaluated and locally adapted according to an entropy-based saliency measure. We select features with high saliency scores. Experimental comparisons against peer feature detectors show that our method detects more regular structures and fewer noisy patterns. As a result, our method detects features with high repeatability, which is conducive to the subsequent feature matching.
In the case of feature matching, we show that we can match features more robustly when using both local feature appearance and regional image information. We model global image information with a graph, whose nodes contain local feature appearances and edges encode semi-local proximity structure. Working on this graph, we convert traditional feature matching into a graph-matching problem|essentially, we are shifting from a purely local to a context-driven feature matching paradigm. In comparison against local methods, our algorithm performs robustly and is consistently better under difficult wide-baseline conditions, such as repetitive local patterns, under excessive image noise or low resolution inputs.
For the fundamental matrix estimation, we propose to implement a preprocessing step on the feature correspondences before commencing the estimation procedure. This is essentially a registration-based re-alignment on correspondences, where we locally adjust the position and shape of the feature in one image according to the appearance of its match in the other. Our experiments show that the preprocessing consistently increases efficiency and accuracy of the fundamental matrix estimation.
In summary, we propose a series of algorithms for wide-baseline stereo. Essentially, our methods achieve better robustness and accuracy than current approaches by making use of more image information. By combining entropy-based saliency with intensity contrast, our feature detector is better than its peers at detecting regular man-made structures in the presence of unwanted high frequency patterns regarded as noise. By using neighborhood information, our feature matching method is less sensitive to appearance ambiguity than traditional matching methods. The preprocessing step exploits information contained in both images to refine localization of matched features. These techniques can be especially useful for practical 3-D vision applications, for example, to robustly model or render a 3-D scene based on less-than-ideal input images taken of real-life environments.


Performing measurements on gas damping in MEMS, while varying conditions such as gas type, pressure, and plate distance yet maintaining the same Knudsen number yields an extensive validation opportunity for rarefied gas squeezed film damping models. Current compact models could be enhanced or additional information on channel surface roughness and slip-flow coefficient extracted.


curricula, with the children from the relatively lower grades of occupations selecting the practical courses which point outward toward wage earning rather than upward toward higher education. He further discovers that the children whose fathers are engaged in professional occupations indicate a greater determination to complete their high-school course than the children of common laborers. Also, an analysis of the results of psychological tests given to the selected groups shows that many of the pupils withdrawing before graduation possess marked talent and ability. It is suggested in the monograph that it is most unfortunate that these children are not in some way caused to continue their education to the same point attained by children of less ability but of better economic and social standing. One of Dr. Counts' conclusions reads as follows:


Cataclysmic circumstances around the globe are increasing day by day either because of some severe natural disasters or human faults. Fire occurrences have a place with the latter kind of fiasco, which typically need to do with human mistake. The biggest casualties of fire risk are generally the commercial ventures, processing plants, oil refineries, industries and comparative locales, which essentially work with combustible or volatile materials. Surveillance of such sites is the requirement to build security for the human work power and property. This work displays a model for the observation of an imitated fire site utilizing multiple fire identifying robots. This model addresses localization of two fire detecting mobile robots on a round lattice in a dynamic domain. The robots are assembled with the LEGO MINDSTORMS NXT 2.0 kits and are customized via LabVIEW Module of LEGO MINDSTORMS (LVLM). The aforementioned mobile robots - revolving in circular movement - screen the imitated fire site and when any of the two robots identify a flame, they perform certain characterized tasks. The Bluetooth protocol feature is used to establish communication between the two robots. Each robot is equipped with a thermal infrared sensor (TIR) by Dexter Industries for detecting fire and an ultrasonic sensor to avoid collision with obstacles being presented with a dynamic environment.


We read the article by Hyman et al., which investigated the effect of using video laryngoscopy in airway management of patients with head and neck pathology. Although patients with head and neck pathology are frequently encountered in the practice of head and neck surgery anesthesia, there are few publications in the literature regarding the airway management of this population. The authors found the use of videolaryngoscope (VL) highly unsuccessful in the airway management due to mass effect, limited mouth opening, and radiotherapyrelated anatomical disorders. We think that the study results contain an essential warning for anesthesiologists regarding the disasters that may be caused by the use of VL in the first intubation attempt of patients with head and neck pathology. We want to express our opinion with reasons that it is inappropriate to prefer VL in the first endotracheal intubation attempt of all patient groups, not only those with head and neck pathology. The presence of VLs can give a false sense of security that cannot be guaranteed before attempting intubation to inexperienced practitioners. In addition, VLs delay, or even inhibits, the development of inexperienced clinicians' skills to intubate with direct laryngoscopy. And also, even experienced anesthetists may forget the importance of careful airway examination, difficult airway prediction, and extubation planning, which they should do in each patient. In fact, they may face the loss of the intubation skills they have gained by encountering different scenarios. On the other hand, although some of the algorithms developed for difficult airway management accept VL as a rescue procedure, it is unclear which algorithm the clinician will use in the unanticipated difficult intubation scenario where the VL is used in the first intubation attempt. There are currently many VLs with different designs in clinical use. According to clinical studies, clinicians are warned that some VLs, such as the Glidescope or Mc Coy, should be limited to patients with specific indications because they are unsuccessful in intubating patients with normal airways compared to the traditional laryngoscope. Finally, the use of indirect laryngoscopy systems in conditions out of indication may cause physical damage. Greer et al. showed that the use of VL compared with conventional laryngoscopy puts the patient at a significantly greater risk of oral injury. As a result, although VLs offer the clinician an advantage over direct laryngoscopy in specific scenarios, they do not provide any superiority in managing patients with normal airways and even pave the way for some complications.


The invention discloses a method for preparing a serialized slow-crack quick-setting type cation asphalt emulsifier. The method uses fatty acid, polyamine or high fatty amines and ethylene glycol or 1, 6-hexanediol as basic raw materials, and uses anhydride, crylic acid or crylic acid derivatives and acid amide or ethylene oxide as auxiliary raw materials. Different components of the basic raw materials and the auxiliary raw materials are combined and fed according mass ratio in time sharing mode, and subsection reaction is performed at different temperature to produce the serialized slow-crack quick-setting type cation asphalt emulsifier. The method has the advantages that the serialized slow-crack quick-setting type cation asphalt emulsifier is prepared by the fatty acid of low-cost subsidiary agricultural products serving as the basic raw materials. The serialized slow-crack quick-setting type cation asphalt emulsifier has excellent emulsifying performance and stable quality for various asphalts, can widely combined with various aggregates and has good wrapping and covering performance, and construction is not limited by seasons.


A header compression of multimedia data transmitted over a wireless communication system. A method and apparatus for improving the transfer of multimedia data over a wireless communication channel has been described. These techniques include determining the physical layer packet sizes of the radio communication system, and determining the maximum size of the compressed header. Then, separating the information units in the partition, wherein the partition size of the partition such that the total size of the encoded partition and the compressed header is less than the size of the physical layer packets after being encoded is selected. This technique can be used various types of information units, for example, multimedia data, variable bit rate data stream, a video stream, a video conference call stream or voice over IP, etc., for. This technique also is pan-European digital mobile telephone system (GSM), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Enhanced Data GSM Environment (EDGE), or standards based on CDMA, for example, TIA / EIA-95-B (IS-95 ), TIA / EIA-98-C (iS-98), IS2000, HRDP, cdma2000, etc. Wide-band CDMA (WCDMA), also different be used with a wireless interface, such as. .The 11


In wearable applications, traditional pneumatic artificial muscles (PAMs) cannot fully satisfy the requirements of safe and sufficient interaction with the human body. The requirements include high contraction ratio, self-contained sensing, reconfiguration, locking abilities, and avoidance of the squeezing force acting on the human tissue. In this letter, a reconfigurable self-sensing pneumatic artificial muscle (RSPAM) based on modular multi-chamber soft actuator with locking ability is developed, which provides an alternative that can satisfy all the requirements for the wearable applications. The contraction principle of the RSPAM, which includes transforming the expansion of the soft actuator into contraction by fabric winding, has an inherently high contraction ratio and completely avoids squeezing of human tissue. Self-sensing of contraction stroke based on liquid metal and locking ability based on positive pressure jamming are integrated. A driving force and contraction ratio of 70.14 N and of 71% were validated at 3 bar air pressure. Modular design of the actuator makes it possible to change the configuration by adjusting the actuator amount and the fabric length according to the application. In addition, the actuator unit can move on the fabric by itself, enabling a noteworthy self-adjustment ability for the muscle. The displacement self-sensing ability is verified through square-wave tracking experiments with closed-loop control. Finally, a preliminary test of assisting elbow movement verifies that the RSPAM can reduce 53.05% of the muscle fatigue.


Has dynamic religion shaken God's position in man kind? Has the vital impulse been elevated to the status of the deity. French philosopher of life, Bergson assimilates the objective intelligence to the interior conscience by instinct, sympathy and intuition. He ignites the torch of vital impulse and puts in action the power of creation of the act pure in the essence of life. Thereby, Bergson demonstrates the value of love in the mystic experience of dynamic religion and allows for the aureole of God to shine eternally on humans. The starting point of Bergson is human but it surpasses humanism of Feuerbach and enters the Spinoza thinking "God is a cause of all things". Finally with the Platonic soul, Bergson answers the question of religion and testifies the happiness and freedom of the human spirit. This article will focus on vital impulse, intuition, vital value of the dynamic religion and will feature the following four parts: Ⅰ. Forewords; Ⅱ. Vital impulse and Intuition; Ⅲ. Vital values of the dynamic religion; Ⅳ. Conclusion.


The idea of separating content from its presentation information was one of the key aspects in developing Extensible Markup Language (XML) and its supporting technologies such as e.g. Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL). XML vocabularies are not much good for human viewing and navigating; they do not need to be and they (primarily) have not be designed with this purpose in mind. Instead, transformations from a (source) XML vocabulary into a (target) visualisation format, e.g. Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), have been used in order to present the information in an easy-to-understand layout. Nevertheless, most of today's XML vocabulary visualisations are intra-media transformations, e.g. from a text-based representation to a textbased representation. Future transformations will include inter-media types, e.g. from text-tographic or text-to-audio. What role does Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) play in these scenarios? This paper does not provide detailed programmatic explanations rather it demonstrates design and solutions for data and information visualisation using SVG images. It outlines the concepts of one inter-media transformations (e.g. from text to graphic) using different approaches. All work was commenced in the last two years at the Department of Computer Science, Trinity College Dublin (TCD) (Ireland) and subsequently submitted and published as BSc Final Year Thesis's by the mentioned authors. A PDF version of this paper is available (StirringXML.pdf).


In integrated condition assessment, family quality is an factor affecting a transformer's condition. If some devices in family have had default record, then the other transformer in family would have same default in future. And now, the affecting degree by family default factor is subjectively decided by expert's experience. This paper collected power transformer experimental data in same factory and with same type, analyzed condition evolution similarity of power transformer in family based on clustering technology to mine the potential evolution rule. To make the clustering result more accurate, this paper improved the similarity criterion in clustering algorithm, proposed line slope distance of condition evolution as line shape similarity criterion, used both data distance criterion and line slope distance criterion to cluster transformer experiment data with same factory and same type in reality. It then analyzed the condition evolution of a power transformer according to the family condition evolution rule. The result is the same with the reality.


To create a user-specific transmitter exclusion list (L) for a distributed communication system at least one of excluded channels assigned by specifying at least one of the transmitter address information is specified. To each of the predetermined address information an unambiguous irreversible representation is created, which in a first list (L This is as subscriber-specific transmitter exclusion list (L) stored in the decentralized communication system. For forwarding messages a message (5) a transmitter (1) having associated address information (A The for the addressee (2) specific transmitter exclusion list is read from the remote communication system. To the address information of the sender an irreversible unambiguous representation is created and compared with the entries of the read user-specific transmitter exclusion list. If the irreversible unambiguous representation of the address information of the sender does not match any of the entries in the user-specific transmitter exclusion list, the message is forwarded to the addressee.


More than 50 million Americans suffer from chronic pain. However, the anatomical and physiological mechanisms of peripheral nociceptive processes have not been well elucidated which has seriously impeded the progress of designing novel bioengineering manipulations/treatments for chronic pain. In this study, we performed a comprehensive topographical mapping of pain‐related neural circuitry in the flat‐mount of whole mouse stomach (male, n=8, 3‐5 months). We used Substance P (SP) as a marker for nociceptive axons and applied a combination of state‐of‐the‐art techniques, including flat‐mount tissue processing and immunohistochemistry of the whole stomach, confocal microscopy, Zeiss Imager microscopy to determine the distribution and morphology of SP‐IR axons and terminals in the whole stomach. We found that 1) SP‐IR axons formed extensive terminal networks in both the ventral and dorsal stomachs. 2) SP‐IR axons were much denser in the antrum and corpus regions than in the fundus and cardia. 3) SP‐IR varicose axons ran in parallel with the circular and longitudinal muscle layers. 4) SP‐IR axons innervated blood vessels. 5) SP‐IR varicose axons formed terminals wrapping around individual myenteric neurons. 6) There were no confirmed SP‐IR myenteric neurons. 7) SP‐IR afferent innervation of the stomach showed a similar pattern of SP‐IR axons and terminals between the ventral and dorsal stomachs. In control mice (n=8), we injected tracer DiI into the ventral and dorsal stomach muscular layers or Fluorogold injection (i.p) and found that the main extrinsic source of SP‐IR afferent axons in the stomach was from the T7‐T11 DRG and to a lesser extent the VNG, but not from the celiac ganglia and dorsal motor nucleus of vagus. Our data provide for the first time a comprehensive topographical map for SP‐IR axons and terminals in the whole stomach with single cell/axon/synapse resolution. This work will contribute to a 3D digital representation of a brain‐stomach nociceptive atlas in a stomach scaffold, thus providing a novel anatomical foundation for functional mapping of nociceptive afferent axons and their pathological remodeling in the stomach. The first two authors contributed equally to this work.


This study investigates the mediating effect of the company's profitability on the link between the aggressive working capital management policy and the value of the firm. The study has been conducted to 158 non-financial firms which have managerial ownership and listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2012 to 2015. Results of this research show that aggressive working capital management policy in the form of aggressive financing policy has a negative and significant impact on profitability and firm's value, while, the aggressive investment policy has a positive and significant impact on profitability. However, the aggressive working capital management policy has no significant impact on the firm value. Profitability has a positive and significant effect on firm's value, and profitability able to mediate aggressive working capital management policy on the firm's value. Accordingly, to increase the company's market value on the non-financial firms which have managerial ownership, the manager has to increase profitability by optimizing investment on current asset and by adding the proportion of long-term financing in working capital. Finally, this study has also discussed some limitations and future research.


A number of reports have suggested that an inflammatory reaction with leukocytic infiltration into the uterus is responsible for the contraceptive action of an intrauterine device (silk thread) in the rat. This study demonstrated that the administration of chlorambucil results in a severe leukopenia and a marked diminution in the number of leukocytes within the uterine lumen. In rats with a unilateral intrauterine device, which were rendered severely leukopenic by chlorambucil administration and then mated, implantation occurred in 9 of 15 control uterine horns but in none of the horns with a contraceptive device. These findings suggest that the leukocytic infiltration itself may not be the major basis for the antifertility effect of the intrauterine device in the rat.


This paper rmphatically introduces some kinds of frameworks and machining processing features of low-tension switchboard ,so as to take people's notice on manfaturing, installing ,selecting material, and improves the quality and precision of the product.


Department of Surgery, NSCB Medical College and Hospital, Jablapur, India Abstract Background: At the time of discharge, acceptability of oral feeds is one of the major criteria, so initiating early feeds gives patient the advantage of early feed acceptability and shorter hospital stay. Objective: To assess the effect of early clear liquid diet vs. early low residue diet in terms of feasibility and outcome in patients with colorectal anastomosis and to study the outcome of early initiation of low residue diet on acceptability, complications and length of hospital stay. Methods: It was a comparative, non-randomized study done. Total 30 patients undergoing colorectal anastomosis, for various indications were allotted into two groups. One group was given clear liquid as initial feed and the other group was given Low residue diet. Patients were studied for post-operative vomiting, abdominal distension, NG tube decompression required post-operatively, number of days on intravenous anti emetics, anastomotic leak and wound dehiscence. Results: Early initiation of feeding in patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery resulted in early return of bowel functions, early feed acceptability and shorter hospital stay.


Summary

The paper presents a novel detection method based on feature extraction discrete wavelet transform (DWT) combined with artificial neural network (ANN) for identification of islanding condition in distributed generation (DG) system. Islanding detection methods can be classified into two major categories as active and passive methods. The main disadvantages of the passive methods are determined threshold value and related to their large non-detection zone. The emphasis of the proposed approach is eliminating the aforementioned drawbacks. The DWT allows revealing various hidden features of the signal. The aim of this paper is to determine the best wavelet basis function in order to identify islanding occurrence with higher accuracy and lower decomposition level. The proposed approach requires the measure rate of change of frequency at the DG's terminal, and various features are extracted from DWT then these features used as input into ANN. Also, the performance of the different structures of ANN such as feed-forward neural network, radial basis function, and probabilistic neural network are compared for islanding detection purpose. The proposed method is simulated and tested in various operation conditions such as islanding conditions, motor starting, capacitor bank switching, and nonlinear load switching. The test results showed that the proposed method correctly detects the islanding operation and does not mal-operate in the other situations. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.