Using smoothed particle hydrodynamics, we numerically simulate steady-state accretion discs for cataclysmic variable dwarf novae systems that have a secondary-to-primary mass ratio 0.35 ≤ q ≤ 0.55. After these accretion discs have come to quasi-equilibrium, we rotate each disc out of the orbital plane by δ = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 20) ◦ to induce negative superhumps. For accretion discs tilted 5 ◦ , we generate light curves and associated Fourier transforms for an atlas on negative superhumps and retrograde precession. Our simulation results suggest that accretion discs need to be tilted more than 3 ◦ for negative superhumps to be statistically significant. We also show that if the disc is tilted enough such that the gas stream strikes a disc face, then a dense cooling ring is generated near the radius of impact. In addition to the atlas, we study these artificially tilted accretion discs to find the source to negative superhumps. Our results suggest that the source is additional light from innermost disc annuli, and this additional light waxes and wanes with the amount of gas stream overflow received as the secondary orbits. The nodes, where the gas stream transitions from flowing over to under the disc rim (and vice versa), precess in the retrograde direction.


Legere is an extension project whose motto is "Motivating reading and better living". It was based on the Biblos Project and constitutes a significant educational contribution once it aims at stimulating reading and the interest in books, establishing a cultural and social relation between the reader and the masterpiece. The applied methodology identifies and defines the place/ institution where the instruments of reading motivations will be taken to, involving not only the leaders, but all the community. With the participation of students and professors from several college courses, our proposal is to stimulate the responsibility of reading education in those who, for cultural, social and economic contingencies, did not have the chance to learn to read to live in a dignified way and exert their citizenship rights.


Neutron diffraction measurements made down to 2.2 K on single crystal samples of the Kondo system Y:Ce have determined that the spatial extent of the impurity magnetic moment is the same as that of the Ce3+ ion. The Kondo temperature TK is probably greater than 6 K. The magnitude of the moment determined by neutron measurements agrees with that obtained from magnetization measurements in the temperature range 2.2 to 30 K.


Case report Mr AW, a 19-year-old fit man with normal masculine development, complained of perineal pain passing down the medial aspect of the left thigh and up into the left groin. Physical examination was normal apart from a palpable, smooth, extrarectal mass on the left side above the prostate. The urine was sterile and intravenous urography and cystourethroscopy were normal. Ultrasound examination showed that the mass was a cyst; this was confirmed by CT scan, which also showed a small cyst on the right side and that both cysts were closely associated with the seminal vesicles (Figure 1). The left scrotum was explored in order to carry out a vasogram, but no vas deferens was found; neither could a vas deferens be detected by palpation of the right scrotum. The left cyst was aspirated via the perineum and 100 ml of clear fluid was obtained. The fluid contained degenerated cells and no sperm and was sterile on culture. Two months later, the cyst fluid had reaccumulated and the patient requested surgical removal of the cyst. This was undertaken transperitoneally through a lower left paramedian incision. The dissection was straightforward, there being a well developed cleavage plane between the cyst and the surrounding structures except at its pedicle which was attached to a remnant of seminal vesicle. The cyst was excised by division of the pedicle, and the seminal. vesicle remnant was left in situ. The presence of a small cyst on the right was confirmed by palpation, but the cyst was not explored further. Histologically, the excised cyst was thin-walled with a cuboidal epithelium which formed ridges


The invention relates to synthesis and application of 2,3-hydrocarbyl substituted diester succinate. At a low temperature, carboxylic ester and strong base LDA (Lithium Diisopropylamide) react to form alkenyl alkoxide which is oxidized and coupled by carbon tetrachloride to prepare 2,3-hydrocarbyl substituted diester succinate. Liquid nitrogen has the gas protecting and refrigerating functions by a novel method of introducing liquid nitrogen to a reaction system to perform direct refrigeration. The direct refrigerating method has the advantages of energy conservation, easiness in control of reaction temperature, and replacement of inertial protective gas. The 2,3-hydrocarbyl substituted diester succinate can be used as an electron donor of a polypropylene catalyst.


The two‐spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch has two forms: green form and red form. Understanding the molecular basis of how these two forms established without divergent genetic background is an intriguing area. As a well‐known epigenetic process, DNA methylation has particularly important roles in gene regulation and developmental variation across diverse organisms that do not alter genetic background. Here, to investigate whether DNA methylation could be associated with different phenotypic consequences in the two forms of T. urticae, we surveyed the genome‐wide cytosine methylation status and expression level of DNA methyltransferase 3 (Tudnmt3) throughout their entire life cycle. Methylation‐sensitive amplification polymorphism (MSAP) analyses of 585 loci revealed variable methylation patterns in the different developmental stages. In particular, principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) indicates a significant epigenetic differentiation between female adults of the two forms. The gene expression of Tudnmt3 was detected in all examined developmental stages, which was significantly different in the adult stage of the two forms. Together, our results reveal the epigenetic distance between the two forms of T. urticae, suggesting that DNA methylation might be implicated in different developmental demands, and contribute to different phenotypes in the adult stage of these two forms.


All Preservice elementary science methods students at Western Kentucky University participate in a one-day or two-day experience at Mammoth Cave National Park. This trip has occurred over the past seven semesters. Through this experience, students gain knowledge about their local unique karst environment. Students participate in activities which inform them about the environment at Mammoth Cave. Using their hands to form a model of karst topography, students begin to understand how sinkholes and disappearing streams receive runoff and precipitation. Before viewing a cave, students are refreshed on the three types of rock and the three main rocks found at Mammoth Cave. Students touch and visually compare the three types of rock. They learn how shale, limestone and sandstone are formed and how these rocks make up various levels of the cave, either above or below ground. On the walk to the Historic Entrance, observations of a disappearing stream provide evidence to where water travels in this area. On rainy days or on days where rain has recently occurred, students see water trickling in the stream, but on days where rain is absent, water is absent in this geologic feature. Students climb the observation overlook to view a sinkhole. They learn how sinkholes are formed and that this sinkhole formerly was connected to the Historic Entrance. This also shows them changes to the environment. Students touch horn coral on the rocks and see the sandstone sparkle in the sun. Just outside of the entrance, students view the layers of the rock and see how shale and sandstone protect the cave. Students participating in the overnight trip extend their learning, participating in activities from 8:30 am until 8:30 pm on Friday and again from 8:00 am until about 3:00 pm on Saturday. Project WET has been integrated into learning about karst because water is such a vital natural resource and important component in the cave ecosystem. On Friday, students view the Historic Entrance. Students are given unprecedented access to a region of the cave where they are given permission to leave the visitor's trail and use their headlamps and magnifying lenses to make closer observations of the cave. Students are doing an open ended inquiry where they are determining their learning. Students are given a sheet where they write down their observations and write their own questions based on these observations. At the Star Chamber, students share their observations and questions. Cheryl Messenger and Jeanine Huss, the workshop facilitators, write down the questions and provide fact sheets with answers to some of the questions. In a classroom, students might be able to actually answer these questions on their own, but in the parameters of a cave, it is easier to provide answers. Some students prefer this type of learning because they determine the topic and depth of learning. Other students prefer the more typical lecture provided by interpreters. Following the questioning and Mammoth Cave National Park's 10th Research Symposium: Celebrating the Diversity of Research in the Mammoth Cave Region 161 answer session, students hear "Illusions" by Ralph Waldo Emerson, who wrote the poem in the Star Chamber on his visit to Mammoth Cave. Students also view the illusion mentioned in Emerson's writing, a sunrise. Two Mammoth Cave personnel use lanterns to create the sunrise. In the evening, students learn about a variety of maps used at Mammoth Cave National Park. Using topographic maps of the Historic Entrance, students create their own topographic map using colored foam board. Students use their created maps and walk part of the map the following day. Students learn about point and nonpoint pollution and about the amount of water available to each person on the earth. Recycling is a mandate for the national park and students learn to recycle their plates and utensils over the weekend trip. They scrape food into a container to be used for compost and recycle their plastic and paper products. Reusing wash clothes every trip and towels for art projects also emphasizes an easy way to reduce some of the trash we typically consume. Students see the reduction of waste when they use less than one trash bag over the two days with thirty participants. On day two, participants view Great Onyx Cave. This cave is used to study the living things at the park. Students often see cave salamanders, two types of cave crickets, the blind cave beetle and one type of bat. Students marvel at the stalagmites and stalactites and note how wet the cave is in the area where these cave features form. Proceeding further in the Great Onyx, students notice how dry the cave becomes and notice the lack of animals in the dry area. On day two, students begin to make connections with their observations on the fi rst day. The soot covering the gypsum on the fi rst day is now soot-free. Students see the mineral growing in cracks, sometimes turning a rust color and observe the snowball and fl ower formations deeper in the cave. Students focus their observations on their personal interests or curiosities. Some groups focus on the human aspect and compare the boardwalk, lights, and prehistoric humans in the Historic Cave to the lack of boardwalk and lights and no evidence of early prehistoric people in the second cave. Other groups focus more on the animal life and question how bats enter and exit the cave and why bats are seen individually. Still other groups focus more of their questions on the geology and how water has created two very diff erent caves. One day participants, in contrast, learn about karst topography and the three types of rocks. They take the same walk as the two day participants and also view the sinking stream and sinkhole. Because this trip is 8:30 am until 3:00 pm, students view the Historic Entrance cave and do a few other activities before leaving. This shortens the time for students to refl ect on their learning and to build on their experiences. Preservice students participating in the overnight trip, funded the past three years through the National Parks Foundation and this year funded by Dr. Sam Evans in the College of Education and Behavioral Sciences, show an increase in student understanding, over the one-day trip participants. Participants in both trips take the Environmental Education Effi cacy Belief Instrument (EEEBI: Sia, 1992) pretest the fi rst day of the semester and take the posttest at the end of their Mammoth Cave trip. Both groups increase their personal environmental teaching effi cacy (PETE). Two-day trip participants show increased complexity in their Above/Below Ground Drawings and concept maps and general cave and geology knowledge over the one-day participants. Implications for this research provide evidence on extended trips being preferred to shorter visits because students' knowledge increased. 162 Mammoth Cave National Park's 10th Research Symposium: Celebrating the Diversity of Research in the Mammoth Cave Region


Issues exist in Texas, as well as in other states, with school discipline and the School-to-Prison pipeline. According to Fowler, Lightsey, Monger and Aseltine (2010), this School-toPrison pipeline refers to a disturbing pattern of school disciplinary problems escalating from suspension to removal from school, juvenile justice system involvement, and school dropout. Previous researchers (e.g., Christle et al., 2004; Henkel, 2015; Hilberth & Slate, 2014a; Skiba et al., 2009) have indicated a link between exclusionary discipline assignments, low student achievement and higher student dropout rates.


Tibetan, one of the largest indigenous populations living in the high-altitude region of the Tibetan Plateau (TP), has developed a suite of physiological adaptation strategies to cope with the extreme highland environment in TP. Here, we reported genome-wide SNP data from 48 Kham-speaking Nagqu Tibetans and analyzed it with published data from 1,067 individuals in 167 modern and ancient populations to characterize the detailed Tibetan subgroup history and population substructure. Overall, the patterns of allele sharing and haplotype sharing suggested (1) the relatively genetic homogeny between the studied Nagqu Tibetans and ancient Nepalese as well as present-day core Tibetans from Lhasa, Nagqu, and Shigatse; and (2) the close relationship between our studied Kham-speaking Nagqu Tibetans and Kham-speaking Chamdo Tibetans. The fitted qpAdm models showed that the studied Nagqu Tibetans could be fitted as having the main ancestry from late Neolithic upper Yellow River millet farmers and deeply diverged lineages from Southern East Asians (represented by Upper Paleolithic Guangxi_Longlin and Laos_Hoabinhian), and a non-neglectable western Steppe herder-related ancestry (∼3%). We further scanned the candidate genomic regions of natural selection for our newly generated Nagqu Tibetans and the published core Tibetans via FST, iHS, and XP-EHH tests. The genes overlapping with these regions were associated with essential human biological functions such as immune response, enzyme activity, signal transduction, skin development, and energy metabolism. Together, our results shed light on the admixture and evolutionary history of Nagqu Tibetan populations.


Primula calyptrata X. Gong & R. C. Fang (Primulaceae) is described and illustrated. Analysis of its habitat, distribution, and capsule morphology indicates that this species is a member of Primula sect. Carolinella (Helmsley) Pax, which is endemic to humid subtropical regions of Yunnan, China, northern Vietnam, and Thailand, and characterized by an unusual calyptrate capsule.


In a paper "The Golden Dynamical Equation of Motion for Particles of Nonzero Rest in Gravitational Fields" (Howusu 2004, Physics Essays 17(3)), the planetary orbital equation of motion for particles of nonzero rest mass in gravitational fields was derived. In this paper we used the series method to calculate the angle of deflection for a photon that grazes the edge of the sun in the sun's Gravitational field. Our results were found to fall within experimental, measurements. Keywords: Passive mass, Inertial mass, Gravitational field, Gravitational Potential, Deflection angle.


Robert Putnam, Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1993), 258 pp. £11.95 (pb). ISBN hb 0-691-07889-0, pb 0-691-03738-8. Anne Bull and Paul Corner, From Peasant to Entrepreneur: The Survival of the Family Economy in Italy (Oxford: Berg, 1993), 192 pp. .£25.00/842.50. ISBN 0-85496-308-X. Christopher Harvie, The Rise of Regional Europe (London: Routledge, 1994), 112 pp. £6.99 (pb). ISBN 0-415-09523-9 pb. Soledad Garcia, ed., European Identity and the Search for Legitimacy (London: Pinter for the Royal Institute of International Affairs, 1993), 185 pp. £37.50. ISBN 1-85567-142-5. Hugh Miall, Shaping the New Europe (London: Pinter for the Royal Institute of International Affairs, 1993), 118 pp. £22.50 (hb), £9.95 (pb). ISBN 1-85 567-119-0, 1-85567-120-4.


This purpose of this research is an attempt to measure and comparatively analyze the efficiencies and RTS(Returns to Scale) using panel data of OECD countries including Korea. In order to achieve this purpose, at first this study used fficient production
frontier estimation combined with DEA for obtaining parameter estimates of a efficient production frontier. secondly using estimated results, measured R&D productivity and RTS(Returns to Scale) on all of the OECD countries. thirdly using time-series data related to R&D activity of korea, measured R&D productivity and RTS(Returns to Scale). Finally based on the results of R&D produtivity and RTS(Returns to Scale) using efficient production frontier, some policy implications for enhancing the R&D competitiveness and the technological capabilities are discussed.


We examine the growth performance of two states, Gujarat and Bihar, whose economic turnaround under the leadership of Narendra Modi and Nitish Kumar has received a lot of attention in the run up to the recently concluded national elections. We study if there are trend breaks in the growth rates in Gujarat and Bihar relative to the national average after these respective leaders came to power. We decompose the growth rates in these two states by sector, namely, agriculture, industry, and services, and try to ascertain where any potential growth spurt may have come from. We also look at the evidence on trend breaks in growth of real wages in these states relative to the national average as a first step to understand how growth may or may not have trickled down to the poorer sections.


Koguryo language is the national language of Goguryeo.With the demise of the regime,their language is gradually disappearing.Goguryeo language only with their names,names and Guan Ming.And the need to use Chinese characters,and must rely on the Chinese Archaic and medieval tone to restore the voice of the labeling of the Chinese characters of the Koguryo language.But also working with surrounding ethnic and national language with the Koguryo language more able to identify Goguryeo language.Koguryo language is most important is the noun,the term natural objects is documented in more detail.These natural objects continue to be divided into several small classes,a detailed study for the language.


I ' . . . the processes of the formation of character are more obscure and less accessible to analysis than neurotic ones" (Freud, 1913, p. 323). Sixty years ago, the theory of symptom formation reached a stage of elegance and inclusiveness which has so far been surpassed by no other clinical theory in our field. In an eight-page paper with the deceptive title, "Hysterical Phantasies and Their Relation to Bisexuality" (1908a), Freud summarized what he had discovered up to that point, and managed to anticipate most of what was to be written of symptom formation during the succeeding sixty years. His introduction to the section which embodies his ideas is worth quoting:


Solution-based oxidation has been widely utilized to prepare graphene oxide or graphene nanoribbons from different carbon precursors, but some details of the exfoliation or unzipping processes still remain elusive. Here, we put forward three graphitic systems for deep understanding of the top-down route. Based on the oxidation-intercalation synergistic effect, the formation mechanisms were proposed.


The main object of this article is to revisit a certain double integral involving Kummer's confluent hypergeometric function 1F1 , which arose in the study of the collision terms of the celebrated Boltzmann equation in the kinetic theory of gases. Here, in this article, we propose to investigate some novel extensions and generalizations of this family of double integrals. We also point out some relevant connections of the results, which are presented here, with other related recent developments in the theory and applications of hypergeometric functions.


Many human intervention studies in nutrition measure a change in blood biomarkers as a surrogate estimation of health. One of the biomarkers that became popular over two decades ago was general 'antioxidant activity' employingmethods such as oxygen radical absorbance capacity, total radical-trapping antioxidant parameter, trolox-equivalent antioxidant capacity and ferricreducing ability of plasma(1). At the time, these assays promised an easy, inexpensive and accessible way to measure a potential health benefit. This approach was supported by the fact that many dietary components relevant to nutrition including vitamin E, vitamin C, carotenoids and polyphenols are chemical antioxidants when tested in vitro(2). Furthermore, many other molecules, even those which have highly defined and wellestablished biochemical properties, such as tryptophan, have also been reported as chemical antioxidants(3). However, it is now appreciated that the molecular mechanisms contributing to antioxidant effects in vivo are much more complex and that the health benefits of the so-called antioxidant dietary componentsmay be due tomuchmore specific actions. Any antioxidant activity in vivo is very site specific and remains contentious(4,5), and the mechanism can alternatively involve an indirect antioxidant activity including, for example, the inhibition of reactive oxygen species-producing enzymes such as xanthine oxidoreductase(6) and NADPH oxidase(7) by polyphenols. Themain problem for reporting 'antioxidant activity' in blood is interpretation, especially when an extrapolation to potential effects on health effects is claimed. In the early days of research in this field, it was originally thought that an increase in 'antioxidant activity' in blood was indicative of a health benefit, but it was soon questioned whether this alone was sufficient to indicate a health benefit(8). Assays such as oxygen radical absorbance capacity, trolox-equivalent antioxidant capacity, ferricreducing ability of plasma and total radical-trapping antioxidant parameter measure complex combinations of different markers (Fig. 1) which preclude simple interpretation. Uric acid is one of the main contributors to 'antioxidant activity' in blood as measured by all of these assays. Since increased circulating concentration of uric acid is a well-established risk factor for gout(9) and for risk of developing type 2 diabetes(10), an increase in 'antioxidant activity' due to a higher concentration of uric acid is unlikely to indicate a health benefit. After fruit consumption, plasma 'antioxidant activity' increased postprandially, originally attributed to absorbed polyphenols appearing in blood(11). Subsequent work showed that the increase in 'antioxidant capacity' was actually due to a transient increase in uric acid in plasma due to the fructose content of the fruit(12). This problem even led to the suggestion that 'antioxidant activity' should be corrected for the nightmare of uric acid(13). Moreover, an increase in albumin could also give an apparent increase in 'antioxidant activity', especially when using the oxygen radical absorbance capacity and trolox-equivalent antioxidant capacity assays, but an increase in albumin is seen mostly during dehydration and other adverse conditions(14). The approximate mean concentrations of the main endogenous molecules that contribute to 'antioxidant activity' in in vitro assays have been reported in many publications and are shown in Fig. 1. After high doses of dietary phytochemicals such as polyphenols and carotenoids are consumed, the blood concentration of their combined metabolites reaches only 1– 10 μM, much lower thanmost of the relevant endogenous plasma components. As a consequence, it is unsurprising that, under normal dietary conditions, the metabolites from these foodderived metabolites have minimal impact on the plasma total antioxidant value in any of the assays. If it is important for the goals of a particular study, then it is recommended that each of the components in Fig. 1 should be measured individually to give a quantitative estimation of changes in discrete entities. Alternatively, it may be appropriate to measure specific biomarkers of oxidative stress(15). For the reasons discussed above, the British Journal of Nutrition does not accept papers that report findings from the use of general antioxidant assays such as trolox-equivalent antioxidant capacity, ferric-reducing ability of plasma, oxygen


Over the past 20 years, the United States has experienced a massive increase in imprisonment. The number of people incarcerated and the clustering of that incarceration in the inner-city black population raise the prospect that incarceration may be undermining less coercive institutions of social control such as families or communities. The long-term result of this incarceration policy, then, would be increases, rather than the expected decreases, in crime. There is some empirical evidence to support this position. Increases in incarceration have been clustered in groups and places and have been of the magnitude that could affect less coercive institutions in those areas. Large proportions of the imprisoned population are involved in families and communities at the time of their imprisonment. Incarceration has been shown to reduce family formation for blacks but not for whites. Research to date, however, has not demonstrated that increasing incarceration has led to more crime in the long run or that the apparent effects of incarceration on other institutions are not due to other factors. If research ultimately establishes that these allegations are true, then future increases in incarceration must be considered in light of their likely long-term effects on these institutions and not just their immediate effect on crime rates. POLICIES, PROCESSES, AND DECISIONS OF THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM


The catalyst accelerating the formation of black film of Cu 2O is produced based on many experiments.An effective surfactant enhancing the adhesion of the film to the substrate is chosen out.The completely new processing of blackening for iron and steel is attained.


ABSTRACT This paper discusses the relation between the poetic and teaching. Drawing on Heidegger's question of Being and his turn to poetry as the site through which Being is brought forth through an interplay between revealing and concealing, I address the intricacies of poetic thinking in teaching. I argue that thinking 'about' teaching needs to go beyond the calculative frames of reflection, prevalent in practices of teaching today. I refer to three poems to explain the deeper modes of thinking that emerge from poetry and how these can inform teaching in a manner that releases students' openness to learn and teachers' meditation on what confers their being in teaching. I conceive teachers' work as poesis, pointing to their responsibility to attend to the call of thinking as beings who 'occasion' relations with/in the world in the advents of being and becoming.


The presented paper is devoted to deeds of Galileo Galilei, Johannes Kepler, Robert Hook, Christiaan Huygens and Isaac Newton with an intention to show their achievements in mechanics, their intellectual and scientific heritage, and also their personal vanities that sometimes led to harmful mutual relations.


The significance of root transmission of the red ring nematode (Rhadinaphelenchus cocophilus) to coconut palms (Cocos nucifera) was investigated in a screen-house experiment. Transmission by root contact occurred in seven of 15 plants growing around five inoculated plants. In another experiment, each plant became infected when a nematode suspension was placed on the mechanically damaged roots. Young seedlings planted in a hole where previously diseased palms were growing did not develop the typical symptoms of red ring disease (.)


In order to adapt control efforts to the moving target of malaria, new ways of rapidly processing and using data are required to produce usable information. Portable electronic devices with software applications, collectively known as mHealth, are increasingly used to assist health services and manage patient information. Here we describe the development of an mHealth system, using mobile phones, for data collection and analysis in resource-constrained environments. The system overcomes many of the difficulties presented by other mHealth systems. An asynchronous, Internet connection-independent data collection system, similar to web-based architecture, is proposed. Reporting and advanced statistical and epidemiological analysis, with external data integration, such as environmental datasets, is demonstrated by a pilot assessment of the system in Mozambique. We argue that this technology can provide the entomological and epidemiological information needed for sensible decision-making processes and the development of public health policies regarding malaria control.


Under modern conditions of economy development there are essential transformations caused by globalization, digital transformation and innovation development which specify the necessity to search essentially new reference points for national economy stabilization including those at the expense of enterprise activity development as flexible and adaptive factor in regional economic relations.


10.1 Summary This thesis has attempted to address the problems associated with the construction and application of deformable contour models for real-time tracking and interpretation of scenes. Deformable models were chosen as a research subject due to their power and speed at segmenting objects under normal environmental conditions where few constraints can be placed upon applications to simplify segmentation. By taking deformable models as a starting point, the work has attempted to push current approaches into new domains where existing techniques would fail. In doing so, a fundamental understanding of the associated problems has been gained and these problems addressed. Distribution Models and discussed their construction and use in object tracking. It was shown that one of the most important aspects of the PDM is the inherent dimensional reduction of the model. Chapter 4 discussed the use of colour in object tracking and demonstrated how simple colour techniques could be used to enhance object segmentation. This


We study complexes of stable $\infty$-categories, referred to as categorical complexes. As we demonstrate, examples of such complexes arise in a variety of subjects including representation theory, algebraic geometry, symplectic geometry, and differential topology. One of the key techniques we introduce is a totalization construction for categorical cubes which is particularly well-behaved in the presence of Beck-Chevalley conditions. As a direct application we establish a categorical Koszul duality result which generalizes previously known derived Morita equivalences among higher Auslander algebras and puts them into a conceptual context. We explain how spherical categorical complexes can be interpreted as higher-dimensional perverse schobers, and introduce Calabi-Yau structures on categorical complexes to capture noncommutative orientation data. A variant of homological mirror symmetry for categorical complexes is proposed and verified for $\mathbb{C}\mathrm{P}^2$. Finally, we develop the concept of a lax additive $(\infty,2)$-category and propose it as a suitable framework to formulate further aspects of categorified homological algebra.


Inaccuracy in choosing and using the type of measurement will result in biased research findings. Measurements commonly used in architectural research are objective, subjective, or objective-subjective (mixed) measurements. This article will discuss mixed measures (objective and subjective) in architectural research. Researchers can analyze field data using a quantitative approach, while subjective measurement data are analyzed using a qualitative approach. The results of the interpretation of the two types of measures can show convergence or divergence. This article aims to reveal the benefits and challenges of combining objective and subjective measurements in architectural research, based on systematic literature reviews in scientific journals, which have successfully used objective-subjective measurements and outlines the various benefits and challenges. This study shows that using objective-subjective measures in architectural research can be beneficial if done in an appropriate context.


The COVID-19 pandemic substantially impacted the worldwide economy, and Singapore was not immune to its effects. In response to the outbreak, to sustain the economy and ensure price stability, the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) implemented various monetary policy measures. This paper analyzes a series of timely and effective measures taken by the Monetary Authority of Singapore, including specific actions and their impacts, by combining qualitative and quantitative methods with specific economic activity data over the years. This paper demonstrates the effectiveness of most policies adopted by the Monetary Authority of Singapore, including an evaluation of their impact and potential future implications, as well as their contribution to monetary policy and its response to crises.


By taking monitoring data of Chagan Lake as an example,fuzzy synthetic assessment was conducted using the principal component weighting,exceeding standard weighting,and analytic hierarchy process.Results show that the principal component weighting can truly reflect the values of various factors;exceeding standard weighting gaves heavier weights to the polluting factors;and the weight values are influenced by subjectivity in analytic hierarchy process.


Due to the fact that CEB electric utility (Brazil) depends almost totally on external generation, buying 95% of the energy that it distributes, the development of studies that compare the supply options with load management alternatives is of large interest. This dependency makes the utility vulnerable to the institutional changes in the Brazilian electric sector and even concerning the oscillation of possible supply tariff (buying) and distribution (selling). This paper contains the description of the methodology used for the comparative studies among the supply options and the demand side management programs.


AIM: To investigate the relationship between tachykinins and the responses to histamine in guinea pigs. METHODS: Effects of tachykinin receptor antagonists on the airway and cardiovascular responses to histamine in guinea pigs in vivo and in vitro were observed. RESULTS: In unrestrained conscious guinea pigs, CP 96345 (1 mg·kg -1 ,ip), a specific antagonist for tachykinin NK 1 receptor, SR 48968(1 mg·kg -1 , ip), an NK 2 receptor antagonist, and combination of the both agents all attenuated airway responsiveness to histamine aerosol. In anesthetized guinea pigs, CP 96345(1 mg·kg -1 , iv) inhibited histamine induced evans blue extravasation in bronchi and atria; SR 48968(1 mg·kg -1 , iv) weakly decreased the rise of IPP induced by histamine; Neither CP 96345 nor SR 48968 had effects on the histamine induced decrease of MAP. In the isolated tracheal and bronchial smooth muscle preparations of guinea pigs, none of agents (1 μmol·L -1 , respectively) had alterd E max and pD 2 for histamine induced contraction. CONCLUSIONS: Tachykinins partially participate in the responses to histamine in guinea pigs, and tachykinin receptor antagonists could have anti inflammatory activities.


Abstract Although the hardwood timber market is an important segment of the forest industry in the United States, little attention has been paid to modeling hardwood stumpage and lumber markets. Based on the annual data series from 1955 to 2014, we estimate simultaneous demand and supply models of the hardwood sawtimber stumpage market in Louisiana. A permanent structural break in 1993 is detected in the hardwood sawtimber stumpage market, and the modified cointegration test and structural vector error correction approach are used to estimate the demand for and supply of hardwood sawtimber stumpage. The results show that own-price elasticity values in both the demand and the supply equations are inelastic in the long run. Hardwood and softwood sawtimber are found to be substitutes. Moreover, the softwood timber market always leads in the feedback adjustment process and can help predict the hardwood timber price in Louisiana.


The Yangtze River basin(the Anhui part) is a dynamic,fast-developing economic corridor in the Yangtze delta area.This paper analyzed soil erosion features of the area,studied relevant factors to trigger soil erosion,discussed how to improve the ecological environment in the area and gave some suggestions on preventing the soil erosion.


The aim of the paper is to contribute to improvement of tourism policy and
 practice in Serbia towards defining and implementing sustainability
 principles and meeting European integration requirements. It encompasses
 short review of international implications on Serbian tourism policy and
 legislation. Current policy and its sustainability are analyzed using two
 indicators: application of integrated (cross sector) and local community
 approach, with particular focus on tourism, environmental and planning
 documents. There is general orientation towards sustainability and
 involvement of local community into the planning and implementation of
 projects in the field. Precisely defined mechanisms for public participation
 and integrated approach, first of all mainstreaming of environmental issues
 into tourism strategic document, are preconditions for reaching country's
 sustainability goals and EU integration orientation. Points that should be
 improved are suggested and the need for mutual cooperation and capacity
 development of stakeholders at all levels, including further international
 support, strongly advocated.


Research subject. The possible influence of the SiO2 environment as the most common component of the mantle on the deep abiogenic synthesis of hydrocarbons in the CaCO3–FeO–H2O and Fe3C–H2O systems under thermobaric conditions corresponding to those in the upper mantle is investigated.Materials and methods. Experiments were carried out using a high-pressure unit in Toroid-type chambers across the thermobaric range of 2.0–4.0 GPa and 220–750°C. CaCO3 and Fe3C were used as carbon donors, H2O was used as a hydrogen donor, and SiO2 was used as an environment. The synthesized products were analyzed by gas chromatography and X-ray diffraction.Results. Across the entire temperature and pressure range used, mixtures of light alkanes with the predominance of methane were obtained. The composition of the hydrocarbon systems synthesized in the presence of SiO2 was similar to that obtained at the same thermobaric parameters without SiO2, depending exclusively on the temperature and pressure of synthesis. The conducted X-ray diffraction analysis of solid products demonstrated transformation of quartz into coesite at 400°C and 750°C.Conclusions. According to the conducted investigation, the qualitative and quantitative composition of hydrocarbon systems formed during the abiogenic synthesis of hydrocarbons in the presence of SiO2 corresponds to the results of similar experiments without SiO2. However, the total yield of the hydrocarbon systems in the SiO2 environment decreases. The dependence of the composition of the synthesized hydrocarbon systems on the thermobaric conditions of synthesis remains in the SiO2 environment.


Background:  Taking an advantage of the high sensitivity of 3D T2*‐weighted gradient‐recalled‐echo (GRE) imaging to cerebral microbleeds, we investigated the relationship between cerebral microbleeds and leukoaraiosis.


A comparative study on some typical faster learning algorithms of BP networks is proposed. Firstly, the advantages and disadvantages of two main categories, the fast algorithms based on standard steepest descent and standard numerical optimization, are analysed by means of their work principles. Then the comparative study on convergence times and error performance of training of those faster algorithms is done by two numerical examples. The study can be used for the reference in selecting learning algorithms and developing high performance algorithms.


We have studied electronic excited states in films of poly(p-phenylenevinylene) using picosecond transient and cw photomodulation, photoluminescence, and their excitation spectra, as well as electroabsorption spectroscopy. We have determined all the important energy levels of singlet excitons with odd and even parity, the onset of the continuum band, the two-electron (biexciton) states, and the two relevant triplet states, and show that good agreement exists with models involving electron correlation.


Let Fq be a finite field and Eb : y 0 = x0 + b be an ordinary elliptic Fq-curve of j-invariant 0 such that √ b ∈ Fq. In particular, this condition is fulfilled for the curve BLS12381 and for one of sextic twists of the curve BW6-761 (in both cases b = 4). These curves are very popular in pairing-based cryptography. The article provides an efficient constant-time hashing h : Fq → Eb(Fq) of an absolutely new type for which at worst #Im(h) ≈ q/6. The main idea of our hashing consists in extracting in Fq a cubic root instead of a square root as in the well known (universal) SWU hashing and in its simplified analogue. Besides, the new hashing can be implemented without quadratic and cubic residuosity tests (as well as without inversions) in Fq. Thus in addition to the protection against timing attacks, h is much more efficient than the SWU hashing, which generally requires to perform two quadratic residuosity tests in Fq. For instance, in the case of BW6-761 this allows to avoid at least approximately 2·761 ≈ 1500 field multiplications.


An object of the present invention is to build a technology to cope with specification changes you make providing server efficacy information of the public key certificate. A The client queries the efficacy information of the public key certificate according to the request format to the providing server (S12 to S22), and acquires the response result (S24). Then, based on the efficacy information contained in the response result, perform the efficacy confirmation of the inquiry public key certificate. Also, to compare the expected response format and the response result (S26), it performs the resetting of request format if necessary (S32 to S36). The reconfiguration from the verification server, the format information and adoptable request format describing the combination of response format is acquired and retrieved the requested format corresponding to the response format to be set. .FIELD 4


We proposed the procedure of measuring the unknown state of the three-level system – the qutrit, which was realized as the arbitrary polarization state of the single-mode biphoton field. This procedure is accomplished for the set of the pure states of qutrits; this set is defined by the properties of SU(2) transformations, that are done by the polarization transformers.


As shown in 1257 children (aged 6–10 years) and in 4065 adults (aged 20–50 years), the subscapular/triceps ratio is fatness dependent. Over a 20 mm range of the iliac skinfold (20–40 mm) the subscapular/triceps ratio increases by approximately 0.01 per mm of iliac fat in women and in children of both sexes and at a slightly lower rate in males. Over the entire range of iliac fatness (through 65 mm) fatness‐related differences in the subscapular/triceps ratio may be as much as 0.60. Though the subscapular/triceps ratio is also an individual characteristic, the fatness‐dependence of the ratio must be taken into consideration when comparing populations or in following individuals who are not fatness‐stable.


The simple GPS methods are unable to retrieve the real-time information of vehicle location and vehicle running state in some special circumstances such as tunnels and built-ups. Hence, the vehicle monitoring system to acquire real- time vehicle information is required. In this paper, by integrating technologies of RFID, GPS, GPRS and using LANDMARC method, an accurate vehicle location system in a variety of complex environments is proposed. The proposal is able to improve the precise vehicle location and get the mechanical information of vehicle status by the technology of wireless data communication.


I read with interest the article by Chu and colleagues [1] revealing the prognostic role of Notch1 and Notch2 in colorectal cancer. Their clinical tumor specimens over 1000 are outstanding, and follow-up data of survival are valuable. However, I have several comments and questions regarding this study. First, it would be interesting to know whether Notch1 or Notch2 expression is a functional marker or just a surrogate marker in predicting prognosis. To address this question, it should be examined whether the activated forms of Notch1 and/or Notch2 proteins were expressed in the specimens. After ligand stimulation, Notch receptors are well known to be processed by proteases, resulting in truncated forms, which are called an activated form. Therefore, in western blotting, a truncated band will be detected in case of active state of Notch receptors. In their previous reports [2, 3], the size of bands in western blotting was unique, and these appeared to be non-truncated bands. These proteins can be confirmed by using an antibody against Val 1744, which is able to recognize the truncated (activated) form of Notch proteins specifically. Alternatively, Hes-1 expression might be useful. The authors mentioned that the localization of Notch1 and Notch2 was mainly the cytoplasm and cell membrane [2–4], suggesting that Notch1 and Notch2 are inactive. On the other hand, if Notch signaling is activated, next interest is whether the mechanism of activation is ligand-dependent or ligandindependent, or whether a specific ligand in adjacent cells binds to glycosylated or nonglycosylated receptors. Moreover, in that case, molecular-targeted therapy might be promising [5], considering that Kaplan–Meier survival curves in their studies [1, 4] are quite impressive. Second, I think it would be required to recognize Notch1 expression in tumor vasculature, instead of tumor itself. Notch1 and Notch4 are also known to be involved in vascular endothelial cells. However, in their papers [2, 3], total tissue proteins (perhaps including vascular cells) were subjected to western blotting. My concern is that contaminated tumor vascular endothelial cells, in addition to tumor cells, might be evaluated in western blotting. To confirm the results precisely, figures of immunohistochemistry (missed in their studies [1–4]) will give us the definite information on distribution and intensity of Notch1 protein both within tumor itself and within tumor vasculature. Anyway, the authors stated that Notch1 was highly expressed with depth of invasion, especially in T4 and T3, and that depth of invasion is a very important prognostic factor [4]. That is why tumor vasculature with deep infiltrate depth should be separated from tumor itself and carefully evaluated. Taken together, I believe that, through this discussion, this study with large number of clinical samples will be valuable and contribute to future clinical outcome in colorectal cancer treatment.


The Syrian civil war seems to have been decided in favour of the regime of President Bashar al-Assad. Meanwhile, the process and the debate about the normalisation of relations between Arab states and Syria, as well as the country's possible readmission into the Arab League (AL), have already begun. A return to normality would help strengthen the legitimacy of the Syrian regime. This, however, would run counter to efforts by Germany, the European Union (EU) and the USA, who seek to force the Syrian regime by means of sanctions and isolation to negotiate a political solution to the conflict. In addition to Syria's contentious return to the AL, the articles examined here discuss the motives of those Arab countries wishing to normalise relations with Damascus, and the influence that external actors and the Covid pandemic exert on this process.


We present results for step-strain experiments and the resulting damping functions of polyethylene blends of different structures, including solutions of linear, star and comb polymers. Remarkably, an entangled melt of combs exhibits a damping function close to that for entangled linear chains. Diluting the combs with faster- relaxing material leads to a more nearly constant damping function. We find similar behavior for blends of commercial low density polyethylene LDPE. Our results sug- gest a simple picture: on timescales relevant to typical damping-function experi- ments, the rheologically active portions of our PE combs as well as commercial LDPE are essentially chain backbones. When strongly entangled, these exhibit the Doi- Edwards damping function; when diluted, the damping function tends toward the result for unentangled chains described by the Rouse model - namely, no damp-


Strategy in Advertising: Matching Media and Messages to Markets and Motivations ties the many different strands of a successful advertising/marketing communications program into a coherent, strategic whole. Rapidly evolving communications technology has driven great changes in marketing practice. But the "big job" of advertising remains the same - developing the right message and using the right medium to reach the right market in order to get the best possible return on an advertising investment. That's what a well-planned and well-executed advertising strategy provides. And Strategy in Advertising: Matching Media and Messages to Markets and Motivations gives you all the practical guidance you'll need to reach that goal.


Simple Summary Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) represent about 1–3% of all gastrointestinal malignancies, of which 50–60% are gastric GISTs (GGs). To the date, surgery represents the best therapeutic option, and the robotic gastric surgery could gain an important role, overcoming many laparoscopic drawbacks. The aim of this study is to evaluate safety and effectiveness of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) for GGs, reporting 10-year experience of three different centers. We included a population of 81 patients who underwent MIS approaches (36 laparoscopy vs. 45 robotic surgery). Seventy-two (72) patients were enrolled in a follow-up program to evaluate the long-term oncological outcomes. Furthermore, we discussed some technical notes and also we analyzed the operative and peri-operative outcomes. In conclusion, our results suggest that the robotic approach might be a suitable treatment, especially for GISTs >5 cm, even located in unfavorable places, despite longer operative time and costs than laparoscopic approach. Abstract Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are most frequently located in the stomach. In the setting of a multidisciplinary approach, surgery represents the best therapeutic option, consisting mainly in a wedge gastric resection. (1) Materials and methods: Between January 2010 to September 2020, 105 patients with a primary gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GISTs) located in the stomach, underwent surgery at three surgical units. (2) Results: A multi-institutional analysis of minimally invasive series including 81 cases (36 laparoscopic and 45 robotic) from 3 referral centers was performed. Males were 35 (43.2%), the average age was 66.64 years old. ASA score ≥3 was 6 (13.3%) in the RS and 4 (11.1%) in the LS and the average tumor size was 4.4 cm. Most of the procedures were wedge resections (N = 76; 93.8%) and the main operative time was 151 min in the RS and 97 min in the LS. Conversion was necessary in five cases (6.2%). (3) Conclusions: Minimal invasive approaches for gastric GISTs performed in selected patients and experienced centers are safe. A robotic approach represents a useful option, especially for GISTs that are more than 5 cm, even located in unfavorable places.


A man was admitted with neck pain and stiffness and bilateral forearm pain after a motor vehicle crash. He had been a frontseat passenger in a car that had skidded off the road and struck a tree. He was not wearing a seat belt and was ejected from the car for about 6 m. He had swelling and deformity of both distal forearms. Also, he had marked tenderness of his upper neck. There was no evidence of any neurologic injury. Plain radiographs (not shown) confirmed bilateral fractures of the distal forearms. Plain radiographs of the cervical spine were obtained to evaluate any cervical injury: Fig. 1 is a lateral view and Fig. 2 is the open-mouth view to visualize the C1–C2 junction. What is your diagnosis? For the answer and a discussion see page 65. Radiology for the Surgeon Chirurgie et radiologie


Epidemic algorithms have found their way into many areas of computer science, such as databases and distributed systems, and recently for communication in Opportunistic or Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs). To ensure analytical tractability, existing analyses of epidemic spreading predominantly consider homogeneous contact rates between nodes. However, this assumption is generally not true in real scenarios. In this paper, we consider classes of contact/mobility models with heterogeneous contact rates. Through an asymptotic analysis, we prove that a first-order, mean value approximation for the basic epidemic spreading step becomes exact in the limiting case (large network size). We further derive simple closed form approximations, based on higher order statistics of the mobility heterogeneity, for the case of finite-size networks. To demonstrate the utility of our results, we use them to predict the delay of epidemic-based routing schemes and analyze scenarios with node selfishness. We validate the analytic results through extensive simulations on synthetic scenarios, as well as on real traces to demonstrate that our expressions can be useful also in scenarios with significantly more complex structure. We believe these results are an important step forward towards analyzing the effects of heterogeneity (of mobility and/or other characteristics) on the performance of epidemic-based algorithms.


The recent molecular identification of parathyroid hormone (PTH) receptors, on the one hand, and Napi cotransporters, on the other hand, has enabled the development of powerful tools to boost the study of the regulation of renal Pi transport by PTH, a regulation which stands at a crucial point in the physiology and pathophysiology of Pi homeostasis. The aim of this review is to summarize these recent findings.


In [1, 2] we have developed a method (we call it the S-function method) that is successful in treating certain classes of rational second order ordinary differential equations (rational 2ODEs) that are particularly 'resistant' to canonical Lie methods and to Darbouxian approaches. In this present paper, we generalize the S-function method making it capable of dealing with a class of elementary 2ODEs presenting elementary functions. Then, we apply this method to a Duffing-Van der Pol forced oscillator, obtaining an entire class of first integrals.


In this paper an attempt has been made to evolve It new mcthodology, tested for all Wildlife Protected Areas in Gujarat. The method prescribed is subject to modification after dcliberating various issues. Maximum weightage is alloted to biological and ecological features which decide the conservation value of the area.


This study compares narrative production among three syndromes withgenetic microdeletions: Williams syndrome (WS), Smith-Magenis syndrome(SMS), and Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS), characterized by intellectualdisabilities and relatively spared language abilities. Our objective is to studythe quality of narrative production in the context of a common intellectualdisability. To elicit a narrative production, the task Frog! Where Are You wasused. Then, structure, process, and content of the narrative process wereanalysedinthethreegeneticdisorders:WS(n52),SMS(n52),andPWS(n52).Data show evidence of an overall low narrative quality in these syndromes,despite a high variability within different measures of narrative production.Results support the hypothesis that narrative is a highly complex cognitiveprocess and that, in a context of intellectual disability, there is no evidence ofparticular 'hypernarrativity' in these syndromes.keywords Williams syndrome, Smith-Magenis syndrome, Prader-Willi syn-drome, Narrative abilitiesinternational journal of developmental disabilities, Vol. 58 No. 1, March,2012, 48–65


The objective of this study is to investigate the computational performance and accuracy of three different implementations of a 2D flood model: sequential (Flood2D-CPP), parallel (Flood2DPTH & Flood2D-OMP), and General Purpose Graphics Processing Unit (Flood2D-GPU). The model is based on shallow water equations (SWE) and uses an upwind-finite difference numerical formulation to simulate flood events. Two parallel versions of the model are implemented, one based on pthread and the other based on OpenMP. The GPU version has been developed using NVIDIA's CUDA library. For this study, these implementations are being applied to simulate a dam break event at the Taum Sauk pump-storage hydro-electric power plant in Missouri, which occurred on December 14, 2005. The GPU implementation provided a significant speed up, up to two orders of magnitude compared to the CPU model. As predicted, the sequential model (Flood2D-CPP) reported with the lowest performance compared to the parallel and GPGPU versions, because it would take longer for a single CPU thread to perform all the calculations as opposed to multiple threads or through multiple GPU cores . Results indicate that the computational performance of both Flood2D-PTH and Flood2D-OMP improves with increase in the number CPU threads. The speedups of Flood2D-PTH and Flood2D-OMP are maximized at 8 threads, but much less than the theoretical maximum. In general, even though Flood2D-GPU had significance performance the comparison indicated the potential for optimizing Flood2D-PTH and Flood2D-OMP models to simulate larger computational domains.


As more universities adopt online teaching, there is a greater demand to increase the quality of online teaching in order to ensure better learning in higher education. While the use of technology is being promoted, not enough is done in the area of pedagogical enhancement to help lecturers adopt the technology in more meaningful ways. This research study focuses on how teaching staff with diverse learning e-learning approaches can be guided to develop an insightful understanding of teaching pedagogies to improve teaching online. From the researcher's observations, the university teachers were categorized in relation to their pedagogies (level of social constructivist approach) and to the level at which they used the technology (competency with technology) in order to explore how the relationship between these two elements changed. This 1-year action research project, with 10 academic staff members, resulted in an interesting framework that allows the examination of the intersection of two parallel continua, the teachers' pedagogies and their technologies.


We contribute a novel convolutional neural network based approach for the detection of Resident Space Objects in Geosynchronous orbit from ground-based, rate-tracked, electro-optical telescope imagery through image segmentation. We compare this approach with alternative deep learning approaches and demonstrate state of the art performance at lower pixel error thresholds with smaller model footprint. We are able to achieve state of the art results at lower pixel error thresholds with only 2 million parameters. We report improved F1 scores at the 1, 2, and 4 pixel thresholds. These scores are 0.80, 0.935, and 0.964 respectively — improvements from the 0.78, 0.906, and 0.956 previously reported. We additionally contribute pixelwise masks for the SatNet dataset, and code for generation of masks from bounding boxes to the Unified Data Library and community. This technique allows for pixel-wise labeling of an image, expanding possibilities for follow-on work in the field such as automated Resident Space Object breakup and collision detection, debris tracking, and closely spaced object detection.


alpha-Human atrial natriuretic peptide (alpha-hANP) was covalently coupled via single attachment onto two different insoluble matrices. Controlled-pore glass-alpha-hANP matrices were well suited for the purification of monospecific antibodies, whereas Enzacryl AA-alpha-hANP did not withstand the inevitable chemical and physical stresses during affinity purification.


This article analyzes the emotions and meanings that poor old beneficiaries from social programs in Guadalajara Metropolitan Area attribute to these programs. This ethnographic study was realized by means of open interviews and direct observation at old people's homes. The thematic content analysis of the data shows how the government social programs impact the beneficiaries emotional wellbeing their family status and social position. EMOTIONS • OLD AGE • POVERTY • SOCIAL PROGRAMS EMOÇÕES DE IDOSOS BENEFICIÁRIOS DE PROGRAMAS SOCIAIS NA METRÓPOLE DE GUADALAJARA


Objective:To explore the pathogenesis,clinical features of cerebrocardiac syndrome after acute cerebral stroke.Methods:62 cases of cerebrocardiac syndrome and the control group with clinical symptoms of stroke position,electrocardiogram,blood lipids,blood sugar,uric acid and C-reactive protein were analysed.Results:Cerebrocardiac syndrome group showed the ECG arrhythmia,myocardial ischemia;many clinical manifestations were acute left heart failure and shock.The incidence was 49%,2 hours from 14.52%,7 days,accounting for 85.48%,32.26% mortality rate.Group of cerebrocardiac syndrome of blood glucose,blood lipids,uric acid and C-reactive protein increased significantly than that in the control group,there was significant.Conclusions:In acute stroke treatment,the protection of heart function,control arrhythmias and the prevention of myocardial infarction,intervention to control risk factors has animportant significance.


The plasmasphere is a region of cold and dense plasma around the Earth, corotating with the Earth. Its plasma density is very dynamic under the influence of the solar wind and it influences several processes such as the GPS navigation, the surface charging of the satellites and the propagation and growth of plasma waves. In this manuscript, we present a new machine-learning model of the equatorial plasma density depending only on the Kp index and the solar-wind properties at the L1 Lagrange point. We call this model PINE-RT as it has been inspired by the recently-introduced PINE (Plasma density in the Inner magnetosphere Neural network-based Empirical) model and it has been developed to run in real-time (RT) in the context of the PAGER project. This project is an EU Horizon 2020 project aiming at forecasting the threats of satellite charging as a consequence of the solar activity 1–2 days ahead. In PAGER, the Kp index and the solar-wind properties at L1 are the inputs which are made available for the plasmasphere modeling. We report here the detailed derivation of the PINE-RT model and its validation and comparison with two state-of-the-art machine-learning and physics-based models. The model is currently running in real-time and its predictions are publicly available.


Introduction: one of long-term complications of Beta-thalassemia major (β-TM) disease is metabolic syndrome, which has a significant influence on patients' quality of life. Objective: to investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in β-thalassemia major patients in Tanta University Hospitals. Materials and methods: our study included two groups. Group I: consist of (100) adult beta-thalassemia major patients. Group II: consist of (100) sex and age matched healthy subjects as control group.  Results: the present study revealed that 29% of our β-thalassemia major patients had metabolic syndrome while in control group it was 2.0%, and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL)was the most frequent positive criterion it was 86.0% in β-thalassemia major patients' group. Prevalence of hyperglycemia, abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypertension in patients with thalassemia was 29, 41, 21and 7%, respectively. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in female patient was 34.3% while in male beta thalassemia major patient it was 18.2%. the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in well chelated beta thalassemia major patient was 0.0%, while in poorly chelated patients it was 35.4%. Conclusions: this study revealed that 29% of β-thalassemia major group patients had International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria of metabolic syndrome and low HDL was the most frequent positive criterion.


The complication of building constructions, with irregular geometry, different building materials, variable morphology, alterations and damages, poses numerous challenges in the digital modeling and simulation of structural performances under different types of actions. Most of the research is focused on importing Three Dimension (3D) geometry data in a Finite Element Method (FEM) applications. This paper presents an innovative two-step methodology (3ds MAX-to-FEM) able to convert a Three Dimension Studio Modeling, Animation & Rendering Software/Autodesk (3ds MAX) file into a FEM for structural simulation. In this study, the 3ds MAX file is a large building, has been carried out with an accurate survey that integrates geometrical aspects, element interconnections, and architectural considerations. Then it is turned into COMSOL Multiphysics environment and tested thermal simulation with a geometric rationalization which preserves irregularities and anomalies, such as verticality deviation and variable thickness. After setting material properties, loads, and boundary conditions, the structural simulation is run with a detailed model that respects the uniqueness and authenticity of the building. A real case study is illustrated and discussed to prove that a rigorous 3ds MAX to FEM workflow allows the generation of an accurate practical methodology for 3D visualization and simulation for thermal distribution operation in COMSOL. Structural simulation was carried out with a 3D mesh derived from the 3ds MAX file in order to take into consideration the geometrical irregularity of a building. COMSOL Multiphysics is a software tool uses artificial intelligent and soft computing for doing computations with high speed and accuracy, and computes and shows different types of phenomenon together. In this study simulation results compare with the reality results. Here, the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed approach are illustrated.


Traditional vehicle routing problem(VRP) partially emphasizes on the shortest route,ignoring customer satisfaction.In this paper,the mathematic model of VRP based on customer satisfaction is proposed.The multiobject model is transformed into singleobject model through linear weighted method.Ant colony optimization is adopted for solving the model The algorithm introduces timewindow width into statetransfer rules to give priority to those urgent customers The algorithm is tested on a set of solomon instances The simulation results show rationality of the proposed model and effectiveness of the algorithm


This study investigates the process of forming Anna's visual and symbolic representations at each stage of the development of relational understanding in solving fractional problems. This study focuses on Anna (pseudonym), a 4th-grade elementary school student in Sidoarjo Regency. Anna possessed the complete process of forming visual and symbolic representations and is the only student who is able to provide logical arguments to support her answer. This research is qualitative in nature with a case study. The results were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model by reducing the data, presenting the data, and drawing conclusions. Results show the process of forming Anna's visual and symbolic representations at each stage of the development of relational understanding in solving fractional problems. Anna has difficulty forming visual representations because she has weaknesses in the concept of fractional equations and fractional operations. This resulted in the process of forming symbolic representations and procedural knowledge that tends to be rote. These findings indicate that Anna developed a relational understanding, namely, a conceptual understanding of fractions. The process of forming a visual representation is the main basis before the formation of a symbolic representation.


People with heterogeneous sexual orientations and gender identities are rarely the focus of public health research or teaching. LGBTQ people (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer) are particularly at risk of being discriminated against in accessing and using health care. In order to give students of public health a perspective that is sensitive to diversity and which will allow them to consider LGBTQ people in their future research, teaching and practice, these topics must be actively reflected on during their studies.

 A website was built by a team of students of the Bachelor degree program in Health Communication at the School of Public Health, Bielefeld University in Germany. The aim of this course was to learn about the health situation and risks of LGTBQ people. One main emphasis of this project was to develop a medium that focuses on the perspective for newcomers, migrants and refugees in the context of LGTBQ health in a participatory way.

 The students developed an understanding of LGBTQ, migration and health largely independently through individual research and group discussion, decided to create an English-language website (https://queermigrantswelcome.jimdofree.com) and present existing findings in blog posts they wrote on their own. The pictures on the homepage were drawn by the students themselves, as they perceived the freely available LGBTQ pictures as too stereotypical. They contacted counselling centres for LGBTQ persons throughout Germany and asked in which language they offer counselling and have included these counselling possibilities on the homepage.

 Already at the Bachelor's level, students can design innovative media that can improve the health care of marginalized people and contribute to the dismantling of discriminatory structures. It is important that the students are given sufficient freedom to make their own decisions and identify with the topic, thus facilitating a major learning process.

 Desiderates in health communication can be reduced by well accompanied student projects. The topic LGBTQ must be implemented in the curricula of public health study programmes to reduce discrimination in health care.


Summary.  Background: Serum has the ability to neutralize the procoagulant properties of anionic liposomes, with transfer of phospholipids (PLs) to both high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) and low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) particles. Phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) mediates transfer of PLs between HDL and other lipoproteins and conversion of HDL into larger and smaller particles. Objectives: To examine the role of PLTP in the neutralization of procoagulant liposomes. Methods: Procoagulant liposomes were incubated with different lipoproteins in the presence or absence of PLTP, and then tested for their ability to stimulate thrombin formation. Results and Conclusions: In the absence of added PLTP, the lipoprotein‐enriched fraction, total HDL, HDL3 and very high‐density lipoprotein (VHDL) were all able to neutralize the procoagulant properties of the liposomes. In these samples, endogenous PLTP was present, as judged by Western blotting. In contrast, no PLTP was present in LDL, HDL2 and lipoprotein‐deficient serum, all of which displayed no ability to neutralize the procoagulant liposomes. The phospholipid (PL) transfer activity was dependent on both enzyme (PLTP) and PL acceptor (lipoproteins). After treatment of the VHDL fraction with antiserum against PLTP, the neutralization of procoagulant activity was reduced, but could be regained by the addition of active PLTP. The neutralizing activity was dependent on a catalytically active form of PLTP, and addition of a low activity form of PLTP had no effect. In conclusion, PLTP was found to mediate transfer of anionic PLs to HDL and LDL, thereby neutralizing the effect of procoagulant liposomes, resulting in a reduction of procoagulant activity.


The invention discloses a preparation method of a low-cost amorphous alloy part. The preparation method comprises the steps: firstly, mixing amorphous alloy raw materials after proportioning, and smelting the amorphous alloy raw materials under a vacuum condition or an inert atmosphere to form a uniform mother alloy ingot; secondly, smashing the mother alloy ingot to 5-12cm so as to be used as a smelting raw material; thirdly, heating the smelting raw material to be 100-150K higher than the smelting point of the smelting raw material to melt and uniformly mix the smelting raw material, and then, casting an amorphous alloy part in a way of pressure casting or suction casting under the vacuum condition or the inert atmosphere to obtain the required amorphous alloy part, wherein the cooling step of the amorphous alloy part in the casting process is realized by cooling twice by stages. By using the preparation method of the amorphous alloy part disclosed by the invention, the proportion of amorphous phases in the amorphous alloy part is increased, and the requirement for the vacuum degree in the preparation process of the amorphous alloy part is lowered, so that the preparation cost of the amorphous alloy part is greatly reduced on the premise that the performance of the amorphous alloy part is not changed.


The ability to use information easily and effectively is essential to medical communication. Yet who uses medical information, when they use it, and how they use it has changed with the rise of personal medical technologies and increased reliance on telehealth practices. As a result, a range of nonmedical professionals now regularly engage in different health care activities. This situation represents a challenge medical writers must address to ensure the health and wellness of individuals who use their content. Meeting usability expectations involves understanding both the cognitive models writers use to create content and those that readers rely on when using content to achieve a health care objective. Such mental models, however, vary from audience to audience on the basis of experiences. As a result, medical writers need to understand what mental models entail in order to create materials that meet an audience's usability expectations. This article provides medical writers with an overview of what these mental models encompass and how they affect an audience's usability expectations. The article also presents a 5-step process medical writers can employ to identify and address such usability expectations when creating content for different groups. The related approach begins with researching and identifying the mental models upon which audiences base their usability expectations. The approach then focuses on applying the resulting findings to create draft content for the related audience. The approach then concludes with a process for testing (and revising, if needed) initial content via input from members of the related audience. Through this process, medical writers can more effectively identify and meet an audience's usability expectations when creating medical content. Usability—the ability to use items easily and effectively—has long been important to medical communication. The role of usability in health and medicine, however, has become more acutely important as the rise of wearable devices and the spread of telehealth practices increasingly place different health care activities in the hands of patients. In these situations, failure to use content effectively can have adverse effects, including medical complications, injury, and even death. Addressing these situations involves understanding the mental models guiding how audiences use health care content. This article examines what these mental models entail and how they affect an audience's usability expectations for health care. The article also presents an approach for researching such expectations and applying related findings to develop usable health care content for different groups. The article's objective is to provide medical writers with an approach for creating usable health care materials for different audiences.


The study aims to identify problems in broiler housnd evaluate design to increase productivity of broiler. The study was done from May – Juni 2015 at broiler house at Rejo Binangun, Kecamatan Raman Utara, East Lampung. Parameter observed and measured is: (1) the condition house in the study locations, including material house and size dimensions house; ( 2 ) environment parameter, includring to scatter temperature and RH, and distribution wind speed around the house; ( 3 ) comfort house parameter, including position broiler and mortality broiler; ( 4 ) ergonomic parameter; ( 5 ) evaluation design house. The result shown that design of broiler house was currently good, but need to repair on the floor and the stair. Broiler house performance was good, seen from broiler growth that reached standard weight, and mortality rates at 4 % or 60 broiler. Keywords: Design Broiler House, Design Evaluations, Broiler


Objective:To evaluate the biological safety of a new Ti-24Nb-4Zr-7.9Sn alloy. Method: According to the GB16886.5-1997,GB16886.4-1997,GB16886.10-2005,YY-T2079-1995 and YY-T 0244-1996,the samples are prepared and tested with the cytotoxicity test, in vitro hemolytic test,oral mucous membrane irritation test and acute general toxicity test. Result:The result of cytotoxicity test shows that the samples have no cytotoxicity. The result of in vitro hemolytic test shows that the hemolytic rates of all samples are lower than 5%. The result of oral mucous membrane irritation test shows that all samples have no mucous membrane irritation. The result of acute general toxicity test shows that all samples have no acute general toxicity. Conclusion:The new Ti-24Nb-4Zr-7.9Sn alloy possesses goodbiological safety,and is qualified to apply to dental prosthetic restoration.


Although supramolecular one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) structures with various unique properties have been extensively studied, the reversible switching between tubules and sheets via lateral association remains challenging. Here, we report the unique structures of a supramolecular tubular bamboo culm in which the hollow-tubular interior is separated, at intervals, by nodes per 1.3 nm. Interestingly, the discrete tubules are able to hierarchically assemble into a flat sheet in response to an aromatic guest. The addition of trans -azobenzene, as a guest, enables the tubules to form a hierarchical sheet assembly via the lateral interaction. The hierarchical sheet structures are disassembled into their constituent tubules upon UV irradiation due to trans-cis isomerization. The recovery from cis- azobenzene to trans- form induces repeatedly the hierarchical sheet assembly, indicative of a reversible switching behavior between tubules and sheets triggered by an external stimulus.


The monthly mean error and variance o f T213100hPa were analg zed using T213data of seven time level(24hours to 168hours)of 24mont hs from March 2002to Septem ber 2004,and the verification was done by s easons.The forecast verification about the lon g wave movement in winter half y ear an d when there are two South Asia high in summer half year is given.The re sults have great value to forecast work.


Abstract:In 1369 the Castilian Civil War came to an end when Pedro I was murdered by his stepbrother, Enrique II, the first king of the Trastámara dynasty. The importance of the artistic patronage of Pedro I and his courtesans is well known, but 1369 seems to stand as a historiographical watershed, as though the death of the king brought to an end a period of experimentation, interconnections and creativity.This article analyzes the architecture and artistic practices in Castile during the decades immediately following the end of the war, a key moment in the articulation of a Castilian courtly architecture. It considers how the artistic experimentation of the previous decades, which includes the reigns of Pedro I and his father Alfonso XI, was continued and revisited during the early years of the Trastámaras dynasty, not only by the kings themselves but also by the nobility.


Foreword Preface 1940-1942: Frontier Baptism 1943-1944: Transport, Mules & Operations on the North-West Frontier 1945: Meiktila The Master Stroke 1945: The Scenic Route to Pyawbwe 1945: Advance towards Rangoon 1945: Hlegu & the Ending Bibliography Index.


Masonry structures are widely spread type of constructions with long history not only in Central Europe. Current modern masonry is however quite different from traditional masonry made from stone or bricks. Development of new modern technologies of construction and materials as well as the societal and environmental requirements have influenced masonry in last decades to such extend that nowadays the masonry structures are made from very sophisticated masonry elements of wide range of characteristics. This naturally leads to changes in proposed procedures which have to take into account significantly different parameters both of the masonry as well as the material and also the masonry structures as the whole in interaction with other parts of the buildings.


Neurofibrosarcoma is a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST). The cervical location of the neurofibrosarcoma is very rare and is less than 1% in the literature. MPNSTs are often associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1).  We are presenting a case report of 31 years old female, with huge recurrent cervical neurofibrosarcoma on the right side of the neck.  To date, surgical excision followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy is the treatment of choice which requires a multidisciplinary approach. We excised the above-mentioned cervical neurofibrosarcoma in a piecemeal fashion and discharged the patient on follow-up with the oncology department.


To treat stainless steel surfaces by nitrogen plasma implantation we devised a solid-state compact modulator, in which a 8.0 muF capacitor discharges through a forward converter composed of a low blocking voltage IGBT switch (1.0 kV) and three step-up pulse transformers, rather than employing hard-tube devices such as in conventional plasma ion implantation pulsers, which are expensive and cumbersome. For this, by using a high- voltage resistive load of 2 kOmega and a low power DC charger of only 300 V/0.2 A we built a prototype to provide pulses of 3 kV/5 mus with rise time of about 1.0 mus at a repetition rate of 2 kHz.


Objective: To investigate the analysis of cleavage and foreign- related care in the area of employment,as well as the existence of differences in the impact of different factors. Methods: This study session will be 2013 foreign- related care and care for the 108 graduates of the study and take the form of a questionnaire survey in school from the situation and their own capacity,the University of English proficiency and graduation to a comparative study of three areas,and through statistical method of data in order to understand their students for the professional direction and the view of the employment situation. Results: In case with foreign students in nursing care for their professional satisfaction,no statistical difference was similar. Foreign students during the university has been nursing a disproportionate number of employment planning in the nursing profession was statistically significant. In the English level of nursing care and foreign students in the ielts and toefl examination,CET- 4,CET- 6 no statistically significant passing. For the professional nursing students than the satisfaction of nursing students affairs. In the graduation to most nursing care in foreign students think recruitment and when unit of choose and employ persons for the most attention oneself ability. Conclusion: The in- school and English proficiency for foreign nursing care and employment of the students have a certain influence,and two students there are some differences,but the employment situation in the area there is no specific difference.


We present an augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) training program provided to 20 special education teachers in a Palestinian Arab community in Israel. The training program consisted of didactic workshops interleaved with on-site supervision. Instructional goals included creating awareness, imparting knowledge, and assisting teachers to develop and use AAC within their classrooms. Prior to training, we administered a questionnaire to assess teachers' knowledge, practices, and attitudes in relation to AAC. The questionnaire was re-administered and individual interviews were conducted post-training to determine the program's impact on knowledge, practices, and attitude barriers. Teachers' responses revealed that training helped them to address barriers to AAC intervention. The responses also provided insights into the linguistic and cultural challenges of AAC implementation within the Palestinian Arab community.


This paper describes the logical design of a data base to support the software development process by analyzing the information content of common systems analysis techniques such as IBM's Business Systems Planning, structured analysis, structured design, and data base design. It is shown that these techniques can be represented in a single data base schema. The data base can be extended to allow for project control.


LBL-10051 (' Prepri nt , ' Submitted to the Journal of Atmospheric Environment LINE BROADENING EFFECTS IN X-RAY POWDER DIFFRACTION ANALYSIS OF AIR PARTICULATES B. H. O'Connor and J. M. Jaklevic November 1979 TWO-WEEK L N COPY This is a Library Circulating Copy . h may be borrowed for two weeks. w h IC a personal ion copy, ca II Tech. Info. Division, Ext 6782. Prepared for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract W-7405-ENG-48


D. reports a case of extirpation of the vagina together with a high amputation of the cervix in a 50-year-old woman who suffered from cancer of the vagina and vaginal part and was extremely exhausted from continuous bleeding.


Essential skills made easy! Written by Herb Schildt, the world's leading programming author, this step-by-step book is ideal for first-time programmers or those new to C++. The modular approach of this series, including sample projects and progress checks, makes it easy to learn to use C++ at your own pace.
Table of contents
Ch 1: C++ FundamentalsCh 2: Introducing Data Types and OperatorsCh 3: Program Control StatementsCh 4: Arrays, Strings, and PointersCh 5: Introducing FunctionsCh 6: A Closer Look at FunctionsCh 7: More Data Types and OperatorsCh 8: Classes and ObjectsCh 9: A Closer Look at ClassesCh 10: Inheritance, Virtual Functions, and PolymorphismCh 11: The C++ I/O SystemCh 12: Exceptions, Templates, and Other Advanced TopicsAppendix A: The C++ PreprocessorAppendix B: The .NET Extended KeywordsAppendix C: Working with an Older C++ Compiler


In my study I analyze a significant late-medieval memoir, known as "The Memoires of Helene Kottanner (1439–1440), written by Helene, or Elena Kottanner, an Austrian woman, daughter ofPeter Wolfram from Ödenburg (Sopron), acting in the service of Queen Elizabeth of Hungary.The source, which may be considered the oldest German memoir written by a secular woman, depicts the events of an interesting period of the medieval Hungarian history with "vividness and poignancy" (Maya Bijvoet Williamson). After the death of King Albert (1437–1439), his ambitious wife, Elizabeth – while a large part of the Hungarian nobles wanted Władysław III of Poland to be the king of Hungary – tried to maintain his own authority in Hungary (at that time she was already pregnant and hoped that her new-born will be a boy), therefore she ordered her servant, Elena Kottanner to steal the Holy Crown of Saint Stephen from the royal stronghold, Plintenburg (Visegrád). The woman and an unnamed Hungarian collaborator managed to remove the Crown secretly, rushing to the Queen with it, who within an hour of the crown's arrival at her castle of Komorn (Komárom), bore a son, Ladislaus Posthumous (1440–1457). Three months later, the little boy was crowned King of Hungary in Stuhlweissenburg (Székesfehérvár). In her memoir, Helene Kottanner – as an eye-witness author – gives a unique, detailed and remarkable picture about these events. My main goal is to analyze the rhetorical methods, the historiographical practice presented by Helene, which can be detected in her text. I demonstrate that the servant intended to emphasize her own role in the mentioned events, and tried to legitimate the Hungarian kingship of Ladislaus Posthumous. Besides, she presented certain events as symbolic of the fate of the future king: according to Helene, God protects her and Elizabeth, and the whole undertaking, while the Devil is on the side of their enemies (Władysław III of Poland and the Hungarian nobles). Furthermore, I also intend to demonstrate what possible goals could Helene have had with her memoir. It is quite possible that the servant wrote her opus in order to get her reward for her services provided to the queen and the future king. I demonstrate this problem in context of the Hungarian political situation in the 1440s and the 1450s.


The quest for a more powerful method for model evaluation has inspired Vrugt and Sadegh (2013) to introduce "likelihood‐free" inference as vehicle for diagnostic model evaluation. This class of methods is also referred to as Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) and relaxes the need for a residual‐based likelihood function in favor of one or multiple different summary statistics that exhibit superior diagnostic power. Here we propose several methodological improvements over commonly used ABC sampling methods to permit inference of complex system models. Our methodology entitled DREAM(ABC) uses the DiffeRential Evolution Adaptive Metropolis algorithm as its main building block and takes advantage of a continuous fitness function to efficiently explore the behavioral model space. Three case studies demonstrate that DREAM(ABC) is at least an order of magnitude more efficient than commonly used ABC sampling methods for more complex models. DREAM(ABC) is also more amenable to distributed, multi‐processor, implementation, a prerequisite to diagnostic inference of CPU‐intensive system models.


A series of ferrocene-containing six-membered cyclic ureas (1-aryl-4-ferrocenyl-3-phenyltetrahydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones) was synthesized (in high-to-excellent yields) by reacting the corresponding aminopropanols with phenyl isocyanate and the subsequent intramolecular cyclization of the thus obtained β-hydroxy ureas (prompted by acetic acid), via an α-ferrocenyl carbocation.


For several years now, I have been collectmg Information on anti-homosexual discnmination in European countries. As a gay man, l have been amazed and shocked by the perverse vanety of ways that so-called "civilised" societies have found to discnminate against us. However äs an Optimist, I have also gathered Information on anti-discriminatory measures. As a lawyer, I have of course been focusing on the legal Situation in these countries. As the co-ordinator of "Iceberg", a project of ILGA (the International Lesbian and Gay Association), I have been trying to find a way to present the chaos of legal discrimination and anti-discrimination


We present a general equilibrium model that encompasses the endogenous selection and shadow-pricing of a set of tradeable commodities, with home-based and social production activities. In the model, a market system is a set of costly social institutions which embody the trade and production technologies available in the economy. Our equilibrium concept describes the pricing of market institutions, thus pricing the tradeability of a commodity. We obtain the existence and the decentralization of Pareto-efficient allocations. We discuss an example regarding the transition of a guild-based economy into a market-based economy.


Smallholder farmers usually face insecure land rights and limited social protection, so that farmland serves as an important safety net against income shocks. Safety-net value of farmland makes the loss of land rights extra costly and strengthens the well-documented incentive for self-cultivation as an informal way of protecting land rights. This article provides theoretical and empirical evidence of allocative effects of the non-productive value of farmland. Further, employing survey data from China, sector-level simulations show that eliminating the non-productive value would significantly increase the consolidation of land, raise smallholder income, and expand labor supply away from smallholders' own land.


We study two-player contests in which, in order to win a prize, each player hires a delegate to expend effort on her behalf; neither party's delegation contract is revealed to the rival party when the delegates choose their effort levels. We obtain first the outcomes of this unobservable-contracts case. Next, we perform comparative statics of these outcomes with respect to the higher-valuation player's valuation for the prize. Finally, we compare the outcomes of the unobservable-contracts case with those of the observable-contracts case. We find, among other things, that the unobservability of delegation contracts narrows the gap between the delegates' equilibrium contingent compensation.


Light transmission spectra of THF solutions of poly(C 60 co methyl methacrylate)s and poly (C 60 co styrene)s continuously red shift with increasing concentration.Formation of fullerene nanoclusters may be responsible for the unusual spectral shift with concentration.It has long been scientists′ dream to "tune" material′s properties by simple means,and the C 60 containing polymers represent such a group of novel materials whose optical properties are predictably and reversibly tunable by a simple change in concentration.


Ecowomanism features the voices of women of African descent and their contributions to the environmental justice movement. The edited volume features religious perspectives from Ghana, West Africa, Tibet, Brazil, and the southern United States.


We consider a stochastic control problem, where the control domain is convex and the system is governed by a nonlinear backward stochastic differential equation. With a L1 terminal data, we derive necessary optimality conditions in the form of stochastic maximum principle.


In this section, we expand on the details of the proposed MaxKCD algorithm for identifying k-edge-connected components, i.e. for Problem 3. Aside from connections to completability, k-connected components have been recognized as an important structure in applications ranging from behavior mining, social network analysis, e-commerce, biology, and more [26]. For a fixed small k (e.g. k = 1, 2, 3) and a graph G = (V, E), all maximal k-CCs can be found in O (k(|V |+ |E|)) time by algorithms based on depth-first-search [21, 28]. For a general k, the global min-cut routine can be iteratively applied to remove cuts smaller than k; however, the worst case run-time for such a vanilla algorithm is O(|V |T ), where T is the run-time of the global min cut algorithm, e.g., T = O (|V | (|E|+ |V | log |V |)) for Stoer-Wagner algorithm [25]. Heuristic improvements have been proposed, for example in [33].


The purpose of this Bachelor's thesis was to examine the information needs of the international students at the University of Boras. A further aim was to examine the types of information sources th ...


The resistance or non-lactating Nali, 50% Nali x 50% Russian Merino/Corriedale, 37.5% Nali x 62.5% Russian Merino /Corriedale and 25% Nali  x 75% Russian Merino/Corridale ewes naturally infected with Haemonchus contortus was compared . No significant differences were found between ewes of Nali and 50% Nali while 37.5% Nali and 25% Nali ewes tended to show higher egg counts. further, the susceptibility of weaned lambs belonging to Nali and its crosses (50% and 37.5% Nali) showed no signilicant differences except significantly higher body weights in 50% Nali lambs compared to Nali. Sentinel lambs indicated that pastures were contaminated.


Recent experiments by Ross and co-workers proved the possibility of a mononuclear regime with heterogeneous nucleation as well as jerky growth in the vapor–liquid–solid (VLS) process for silicon nanowires. In this work, a theoretical model is presented which incorporates the effects of (i) a mononuclear regime with layer by layer growth, (i) heterogeneous nucleation of each new layer at the edge of a Au–Si droplet, (iii) drop of supersaturation after each successful nucleation and respective fast layer growth, (iv) time-dependent nucleation barrier during each new waiting period and (v) correlation between subsequent waiting periods (non-Markovian sequence of waiting periods).


Observations about patterns in number sequences. Associating them to topics in algebra. Identities. Sums of counting integers. Sums of those values squared. Expanding sum and difference of two terms squared. Using the mid-point in sequences. Expressions based on Pythagorean relationships.