Using spin‐polarized scanning electron microscopy, the laser power dependence of recorded mark shapes and sizes is studied for the TbFeCo, magneto‐optical recording medium, prepared on a land/groove‐shaped substrate. The bit width which increases with laser power is suppressed to the land or groove width during higher power, showing that the land/groove border acts as a barrier to bit expansion. These results confirm the advantages of a land/groove shaped medium for high density recording.


This brief describes a novel architecture for vertical-cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) array driver. It is designed in a 40 nm CMOS process and is dedicated for SPAD-based direct time-of-flight rangefinding. The architecture is based on charge transfer between an integrated capacitance and the VCSEL array with a voltage doubler implementation to ensure the generation of sub-nanosecond current pulses at high frequency. The results obtained from post-layout simulations shows an achievable peak current higher than 200 mA at 500 ps current pulse width and a 180 mA peak current at 250 ps pulse width. The proposed power architecture is operated up to 330 MHz at a supply voltage of 2.5 V. The circuit occupies a total area of 250×280 μm2.


The null energy condition (NEC) can be violated in a consistent way in models with unconventional kinetic terms, notably, in Galileon theories and their generalizations. We make use of one of these, the scale-invariant kinetic braiding model, to discuss whether a universe can in principle be created by manmade processes. We find that, even though the simplest models of this sort can have both healthy Minkowski vacuum and a consistent NEC-violating phase, there is an obstruction for creating a universe in a straightforward fashion. To get around this obstruction, we design a more complicated model and present a scenario for the creation of a universe in the laboratory.


The main objective of this thesis is to give an up-to-date account of several dimension functions and relations that exist between them for various spaces. -- Chapter 1 contains a brief history of the development of the subject as we know it today. In Chapter 2 we give definitions of the three basic dimension functions 'ind', 'dim', and 'Ind' and a detailed survey of the known properties of these functions. Included is a proof of the famous Cech Sum Theorem for dimension 'dim'. -- In Chapter 3 we investigate relations between 'ind', 'dim', and 'Ind' and mention some of the latest examples that have been given to illustrate the gaps that exist between the various dimensions. Finally, Chapter 4 contains a brief account of a relatively new dimension function "Dim'.


Purpose: The aim of this study is the changes of upper respiratory airway space in patients with mandibular prognathism after 2-jaw orthognathic surgery in patients with skeletal classs III malocclusion. Method: We measured the lines between selected upper airway landmarks on lateral cephalometric xray films of skeletal class III 64 persons who had not been operated yet, were 6 months after operation. The test subjects were divided into 3 groups according to maxillary movement, as follows; maxillary advancement (MA) group, maxillary posterior impaction (MPI) group, maxillary posterior impaction and superior repositioning (MPI+MSR) group. Result: In this study, nasopharyngeal airway space in MPI+MSR group was significantly increased after operation (p<0.05). Oropharygeal and hypopharyngeal airway space in MA group and MPI group were significantly decreased after operation (p<0.05). From hyoid bone to anterior mandible point distance in MA group and MPI group were significantly decreased after operation (p<0.05). Conclusion: Oropharygeal and hypopharyngeal airway space were influenced more by mandibular setback than maxillary movement. Maxillary movement surgery as well as mandibular setback surgery should be taken into consideration in order to minimize symptoms related to obstructive sleep apnea syndrome after operation.


Because the classic PID control doesn't satisfy the demand of automobile ABS in all conditions and it is short of an ability of identifying road surface, fuzzy control is short of an ability of remove systemic stable error and it doesn't make automobiles keep higher control precisions. a dynamic mode of the wheels is built when an automobile is braking at first, aiming at automobile ABS, a immune PID control algorithm based on classic PID is presented and used in automobile ABS system. Compared with the classic PID control algorithm and fuzzy control algorithm, the simulation result shows that the immune PID control algorithm has a shorter stabilization time, a smaller excess of system output, fewer response time and shorter braking distance, it is superior to the classic PID control algorithm and fuzzy control algorithm. The immune PID control algorithm has a higher application value.


The author analyzes the gaps in the normative regulation of monitoring and recording of telephone and other conversations, as well as getting information about the connections between subscribers and (or) subscriber units. The author also proposes the ways to improve the corresponding rules of law.


A pi-conjugated, but non-Kekulé- and nondisjoint-type poly(1,2-phenylenevinylene) network bearing 4-substituted di-tert-butylphenoxyls was synthesized through a one-pot polycondensation of the star-shaped subpart and the subsequent oxidation, which was persistent even at room temperature. The polyphenoxyl radical with a spin concentration of 0.4 displayed an average S of 10/2. The polyradical with the molecular weight of 3.2 x 10(4) gave a disklike image of ca. 35 x 0.6 nm with both an atomic and a magnetic force microscopy: the molecular image was examined as a nanoscale and single-molecular-based magnetic dot.


The purpose of this study was to evaluate the behaviour of force as function of loading and unloading orthodontic nickel-titanium wires. Three defferent brands (Forestadent, GAC and Morelli) were tested. Testing temperature were 32, 37 and 42C. Loading were up to 1, 2, 3 and 4mm deflection. Specimens consisted of a acrylic base where were fixed metallic cylinders simulating teeth. Over the teeth were fixed brackets to maintain arch wire in position. Tooth corresponding to central incisor was loosened and at the correspondig bráquete was applied the force in an Instron equipment, with temperature control. Head speed was 0.5mm/min. During loading and unloading forces were read every 0.10mm deflection and registered. The pair values of forces and deflections were also plotted as graphs. With 4mm maximum loading, 3 brands and 3 temperatures were obtained 36 experimental conditions and with 5 repetitions (n=5) were performed 180 tests. Graphs showed that there is no linearity between forces and deflection and with loading up to 1 and 2mm was not obtained the formation of superelasticity plateaus. But they were observed with 3 and 4mm deflections. From the graphs and registered numerical values for each specimen were selected special values to be analysed: 1) maximum loading force; 2/3) force decrease during unloading 0.20 and 0.70mm (the last only at 3 and 4mm activation); 4/5) extensions and forces at plateaus (only for 3 and 4mm activations); 6/7/8) extension until 50g force, since 0.80 and 1.80mm (respectively activation up to 1 and 2mm), or ends of plateau (3 and 4mm activation). In these conditions, the force at beginning unloading. Distance of origin at register 50g force; 9) permanent deformation at zero force. The main conclusions were: maximum loading forces increase with deflection and temperature increases, and brand Morelli presented the smallest force and GAC the greatest; the decrease of forces with unloading was as larger as activation force; only the activation until 3 and 4mm presented superelasticity plateaus, and was longer with 4mm activation, but it presented lower force at plateaus; in all tests was noted permanent deformation.


Free radical copolymerization of a macromer and a vinylic or acrylic monomer is a novel method of synthesis of graft copolymers. Each macromer unit gives yield to a graft. Accurate characterization of the samples obtained, especially by means of proton NMR, is possible. The distribution of the grafts along the chain is random. The overall molecular weights of the copolymers formed are low, however.


A process for producing a high-temperature sensor in which a platinum resistive layer (3) on a metal oxide substrate (1) and on the resistive layer (3) a ceramic intermediate layer (7) is applied, characterized in that a self-supporting cap (11) on the ceramic intermediate layer (7) is glued, or that on the intermediate layer (7) a glass ceramic (10) is attached over the entire surface.


This study is motivated by teaching materials that are less attractive and difficult for students to understand in participating in online learning and the lack of teaching materials used in online learning, namely using only textbooks. This has an effect on student learning outcomes and students' mathematical abilities. The purpose of this study is to produce mathematics teaching materials in the form of e-modules for learning mathematics based on a scientific approach to assist the online learning process. This study is a development-research (RD). The E-module development process is carried out using the ADDIE development model. The researcher analyzed the validity and practicality of the e-modules that had been developed which were obtained through the validation results of the e-modules by the validator and the results of the questionnaire responses from mathematics teachers and students regarding the practicality of the e-modules. This e-module is declared valid based on the assessment of material experts with an average of 92% (very valid) and the assessment of media experts with an average of 75% (valid). Also, the results of the mathematics teacher's responses with an average of 85% (very practical) and the results of the student questionnaire responses with an average of 84% (very practical).


The reactive power distribution affects the security and the economic performance of the power system chiefly. Although the reactive power generation is in does not cost anything in the operation phase, but it affects the whole cost by the system losses. The mentioned problem is a non-linear optimization topic with the combination of continuous and noncontinuous variables. This paper proposes a new innovative method to reach the increase in the power system deviation and transmission loss. In this study, it is tried to reach the most optimum multiple goals by based on multi objective Genetic Algorithm with Pareto optimal non-dominated solutions of OPF problem. In this study had employed the limit accept block until for put variable to the allowable limits. Simulation result shows the effect of proposes algorithm in reducing transmission loss and voltage deviation. A MNSGA-II is presented in this paper to solve the multi objective problems. The main goal is to determine the optimal combination of power outputs for all generating units that optimize the total power loss and voltage deviations while satisfying load demand (active and reactive) and operating constraints. According to results, the ability to jump out of the local optima enhanced and thus the high precision are achieved.


One of the major objectives of the IODE Programme (http://www.iode.org) is to assist IOC Member States to acquire the necessary capacity to manage marine data and information, and thus become full and equitable partners in IODE. With the establishment of the IOC Project Office for IODE in April 2005 in Oostende (Belgium), IODE has been able, for the first time, to organize a sustained training programme for both data and information management, with OceanTeacher as IODE's capacity development platform and tool. The OceanTeacher e-learning platform (http://www.oceanteacher.org) has two main components: the OceanTeacher Digital Library (a collection of knowledge and resources) and the OceanTeacher OpenCourseWare (a collection of course outlines and courseware). In addition the system includes video recordings of courses that are included in the OpenCourseWare pages (http://vimeo.com/iode). OceanTeacher has become a comprehensive web-based training system structured in a way to support classroom training (face-to-face), blended training (combining classroom and distance learning), online tutoring and online self-learning. When the Digital Library and the OpenCourseWare are used together for a training event this is called an OceanTeacher Classroom. The objective of the OceanTeacher Academy is to establish a training environment that provides an annual teaching programme of courses related to oceanographic data and information management and related disciplines that will contribute to the sustainable management of oceans and coastal areas. The OceanTeacher Training Academy thus underpins all Ocean Data and Information Networks (ODINs) developed under IOC/IODE activities. The development of the OceanTeacher Academy started in 2005 with the establishment of the IOC Project Office for IODE in Oostende, Belgium. From a training system that focused entirely on oceanographic data and information management, OceanTeacher has gradually developed into a multi-purpose training system focusing on several IOC (e.g. HAB, ICAM, MSP) as well as non-IOC (e.g. SeaDataNet, EUMETSAT) programmes. Ultimately OceanTeacher should be able to provide a multi-disciplinary training platform. Cooperation between SeaDataNet and IODE was established in 2006 within the framework of the first SeaDataNet project. Since then 5 training courses were organised at the IOC Project Office for IODE, involving 222 participants. The OceanTeacher e-learning platform is used for the SeaDataNet courses, and ensures that the training course contents, including training videos, are kept freely available in the long therm. In seven years the OceanTeacher Academy has organized over 50 courses for over 1200 students from 120 countries and taught by 20 lecturers. One of the main conclusions is that we cannot provide training to all those who require it from just one location. In addition, the


Advanced diesel combustion is of great interest due to its promise of simultaneously reducing emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM), while maintaining or improving efficiency. However, the extended ignition delay along with the combustion of a partially premixed charge results in excessive emissions from incomplete combustion, specifically total hydrocarbons (THC) and carbon monoxide (CO). In this study, a light-duty turbodiesel engine was operated in an advanced diesel combustion mode, specifically high efficiency clean combustion (HECC), using three different fuels including a conventional ultralow sulfur diesel fuel (diesel), a synthetic fuel produced in a high temperature Fischer−Tropsch (HTFT) process, and a synthetic fuel produced in a low temperature Fischer−Tropsch (LTFT) process. Start of injection (SOI) timing was swept from −8° ATDC to 0° ATDC to find the optimized injection timing for each fuel. The HTFT fuel, which had a derived cetane number (DCN) of 51, was found to...


The oxygen-enriched combustion has an important influence on the combustion characteristics of coal and BFG mixed combustion boiler.The 130 t/h coal and blast furnace gas mixed combustion boiler are taken as the research object.By using the Fluent fluid mechanics software,a numerical simulation is carried out for the combustion gas(O_2/N_2) in different oxygen concentration(21%, 23%,27%volume percent) cases during the combustion process of coal and blast furnace gas mixed combustion boiler.There are three conditions in the simulation,including the field distribution of furnace temperature,characteristics of gas flow field and flame length.The simulation results show that:with the increase of the concentration of oxygen,fuel on fire is faster and more stable combustion, the exit smoke temperature gradually deceases,the flue gas velocity gradually reduces inside the furnace,the heat transfer is enhanced,and the thermal efficiency of boiler is improved.


A procedure is proposed to deal with magnetic vector potential finite element magnetodynamic formulations and the definition of their associated circuit relations, involving voltages and currents, especially for massive inductors. It consists in solving two successive problems thanks to the use of edge elements, the first problem releasing the second one, which is especially useful for efficient nonlinear time stepping analyses.


Let g be a finite-dimensional complex simple Lie algebra with highest root . Given two non-negative integers m, n, we prove that the fusion product of m copies of the level one Demazure module D(1; ) with n copies of the adjoint representation ev0V ( ) is independent of the parameters and we give explicit defining relations. As a consequence, for g simply laced, we show that the fusion product of a special family of Chari{Venkatesh modules is again a Chari{Venkatesh module. We also get a description of the truncated Weyl module associated to a multiple of .


The objective of this paper is to present an explicit formula for Double Moving Average (DMA) control charts when the observation follows a Zero-Truncated Poisson (ZTP) distribution. The popular characteristics of a control chart are Average Run Length (ARL0 ) for in-control process and Average Run Length (ARL1 ) for out-of-control process. Whereas ARL0 is the mean of observations taken before, a system gives an out-of-control signalled. For ARL1 is the expected number of observations taken from an out-of-control process until the control chart is shown the outof-control signal. The ARL results indicated that the DMA control chart for Zero-Truncated Poisson distribution (DMAZTP ) is superior to the MA control chart for Zero-Truncated Poisson distribution (MAZTP ) for detecting all magnitudes of shifts. This explicit formula is accurate, as well as easy to be implemented and used by practitioners


"A quality education begins with the best teachers", Pyne, 2014. Capacitating the teaching force helps in the improvement of learners' performance. Attracting the best educators in the profession, where respect, nobility, and prestige were sustained by exhibiting quality teaching to produce the best output or performance and an untiring motivation for student's learning will have a positive impact. As an educator let us live by this famous quote, "Teaching is the noblest profession" and uphold its meaning by being a model to our learners. This qualitative study which involved three participants tried to scrutinize the preparedness of the PSTs on the required teacher preparation programs to meet standards offered by the Department and use descriptive narrative to treat the gathered data. It also explored the practices of the TEIs in preparation for the challenges of the pre-service teachers when they are already in the school. The results of this study stated that there is already familiarity among the pre-service teachers on the existing programs offered by the department for the professional learning and development of in-service teachers. And the pre-service teachers planned to engage and participate in continuing education, school learning action cells, in-service training, seminars, and workshops for upskilling and reskilling and for professional development


The invention discloses a terminal, and a method and device for awakening screen lock of the terminal. The method comprises the following steps of: obtaining an electric signal obtained after an external optical signal in a preset position of the terminal is detected; judging whether the electric signal meets a preset awakening condition; and when the electric signal meets the preset awakening condition, carrying out screen lock awakening operation. The method awakens the screen lock of the terminal by detecting outside light in the preset position of the terminal, and if the detection result meets the preset awakening condition, the terminal in a screen lock state is awakened, thus, a user is free from contacting a mechanical key and can awaken the terminal in the screen lock state by one finger, and the convenience is brought to the user.


A subsumption architecture has been proposed as an effective approach for the construction of robust, real-time control systems for mobile robots. To investigate its strengths and weaknesses, a simulation of the architecture was developed called the Subsumption Architecture Tool (SAT). This simulation allows various models of system behavior to be quickly built and tested. During the building and testing of the SAT, issues related to some architectural features became evident: level of commitment of each layer; code redundancy; problem decomposition and programming style; complexity of large system; and abstract reasoning capabilities. The effects of these issues are presented with respect to the design and implementation choices of two sample layers of behavior. These layers are used to illustrate considerations that need to be taken into account when a project team is considering the use of the subsumption architecture or when a subsumption-architecture-based system is being designed and implemented.<<ETX>>


The invention discloses a mixed power quality treatment method. In an active part, at least two groups of static var generators and at least two groups of active power filters are connected to a three-phase power network in a transformer isolation mode, wherein the static var generators mainly compensate reactive current, the active power filters compensate harmonic current, and when the voltage dips seriously, the active power filters can also make up for the deficiency of the static var generator capacity; and in a reactive part, a directly hung static var generator combined by a thyristor-controlled electric reactor and a thyristor switched capacitor, as well as a fixed capacitance compensator is directly connected to the three-phase power network for reactive compensation, three-phase unbalance is compensated, the thyristor switched capacitor provides large-capacity capacitive reactive power, the fixed capacitance compensator provides small-capacity reactive power, and the fixed capacitance compensator also serves as a main subharmonic filtering subcircuit of the thyristor-controlled electric reactor for coordinative comprehensive compensation and harmonic treatment of a power system.


All possible interactions of a point particle with background electromagnetic, gravitational and higher-spin fields are considered in the two-time physics worldline formalism in $(d,2)$ dimensions. This system has a counterpart in a recent formulation of two-time physics in noncommutative field theory with local Sp(2) symmetry. In either the worldline or field theory formulation, a general Sp(2) algebraic constraint governs the interactions, and determines the equations that the background fields of any spin must obey. The constraints are solved in the classical worldline formalism $(\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\ensuremath{\Elzxh}}0$ limit) as well as in the field theory formalism (all powers of $\ensuremath{\Elzxh}).$ The solution in both cases coincide for a certain 2T to 1T holographic image which describes a relativistic particle interacting with background fields of any spin in $(d\ensuremath{-}1,1)$ dimensions. Two disconnected branches of solutions exist, which seem to have a correspondence as massless states in string theory, one containing low spins in the zero Regge slope limit, and the other containing high spins in the infinite Regge slope limit.


Almost every application used to run a business relies on a model of the organization structure, the roles and the actors in order to define access rights or assign tasks. This article proposes a novel approach to organizational modeling. It also describes a way to connect internal and external organizational models in order to implement cross-organizational processes. It demonstrates the approach on two examples. One of them is a cross-organizational business process and the other a joint research project. The paper includes a description of the metamodel that constitutes the approach for context-sensitive modeling. It shows concrete language expressions that describe sets of actors and how these expressions are interpreted on the organizational model. The article concludes with a short overview of a prototypical implementation of the system C − ORG.


Seismic data is an essential source of information often contaminated with disturbing, coherent and random noise. Seismic random noise has degenerative impacts on subsequent seismic processing and data interpretation. Thus, seismic noise attenuation is a key step in seismic processing. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have proven successful for various image processing tasks in multidisciplinary fields and this paper aims to study the impact of three CNN architectures (autoencoders, denoising CNNs (DnCNN) and residual dense networks (RDN)) on improving the signal to noise ratio of seismic data. The work consists of three steps: Data preparation, model training and model testing. In this study we have used real seismic data to prepare the training dataset we have manually added noise. Most studies on seismic noise attenuation, study only a single kind of noise. However this paper suggests making our approach by exposing the model to many kinds of noises and noise levels such as Guassian noise, Poisson noise, Salt and Pepper and Speckle noise. In this paper we have analysed the performance of three models. Autoencoders: This architecture consists of two parts, the encoders and the decoders. The encoder consists of convolutions on the input image to extract all key information and map it to a latent space with loss of unnecessary data(noise) while the decoder reconstructs the image from the latent space to a seismic image while high signal to noise ratio. DnCNNs: This architecture is a combination of residual learning and batch normalization and mainly consists of three kinds of blocks. The model is trained to predict the residual image, that is the difference between the noisy observation and the latent clean image. RDNs: This architecture comprises of shallow feature extraction net, residual dense blocks (RDBs), dense feature fusion, and lastly up-sampling net. The data prepared as mentioned above is trained on all three CNN models across different noise levels and the performance of these models was compared.
 The model is finally tested on a batch of unseen noisy seismic sections and the performance is measured by an l2 loss namely mean squared error and the improvement in signal to noise ratio.
 The resultant images from all three architectures across different noise levels have drastically improved signal to noise ratio and thus the application of CNN as a denoiser for seismic images proves to be successful. It is important to note that when comparing the difference plots(Noisy image minus the denoised image) we found minimal signal leakage. While the application of CNN for image pre-processing has seen great success in other fields, mathematical denoising techniques such as F-K filter, tao-p filter are still used in oil and gas industry particularly in seismic denoising. After thorough review, this paper studies some of the most successful denoising CNN architectures and its success in seismic denoising.


Aiming at the bad moisture control effect in paper line,which caused by the long time delay property of moisture signal and the non-stationary property of moisture noise,a method of separating moisture trend signal from intrinsic Mode function of moisture signal was proposed in virtue of Empirical Mode Decomposition.Intrinsic Mode function that reflected moisture noise composition was eliminated,and moisture trend signal that reflected the tendency of paper moisture was controlled by Dahlin algorithm to overcome long time delay link in moisture control system.The experimental results show that the method has better control effect than PID algorithm and Fuzzy control algorithm.


The study evaluated a relationship between situational demographic factors, psychosocial factors and behavior; in cases of intentional death for external cause associated to drug abuse in Bogota. Four groups of variables that were related to each one of the study factors (demographic factor, situational factor, psychological-social-behavior factor, and the factor of drug presence) were selected to work with. It used a nonanalytic descriptive design, cases series. The sample of 200 murder cases that had related drug abuse was selected at random, from the Medicine Legal Colombian Institute of Pathology Science. The results were analyzed by descriptive statistics and variables associated through Crosstab (Contingency tables) and it found that victim's average age is 27 years old, mainly male from the lowest socioecomic position. Also, the most frequent situation was the street, the use of a firearm and the hipovolentic shock as a diagnostic of death.


Introduction: Neuroblastoma (NB) is a malignant pediatric tumor of the sympathetic nervous system. Approximately 10-20% of neuroblastoma tumors maintain telomere length by activating a telomerase-independent alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) mechanism, and that these tumors are associated with high-stage disease, and a poor prognosis. Methods: mRNA expression of TERT (the catalytic component of telomerase) and TERC (RNA template), determination of MYCN copy number, and telomerase activity (TA) was measured by RT-PCR. Telomere content (TC) and C-Circle (CC) content was assayed by quantitative PCR, p53 function was assessed by quantifying induction of p21 protein by flow cytometry after irradiation. Expression profiling was carried out with custom-designed Taq-Man Low Density Arrays (TLDAs) (ABI) that quantified expression of 61 DNA-repair genes in a panel of 12 NB cell lines, 4 ALT and 8 telomerase-positive. Of the telomerase-positive lines, 2 were drug-sensitive, 6 multi-drug resistant. Cell line identities were confirmed using short tandem repeat (STR) genotyping. Response to cytotoxic drugs was assessed using the DIMSCAN fluorescence imaging system. ATRX protein expression was measured with immunoblots. Results: From a panel of 40 human NB cell lines we identified 4 ALT NB lines, LA-N-6, SK-N-FI, CHLA-90, and COG-N-291, that had elevated TC > 2-fold that of TA+ NB cell lines (p Conclusions: ALT-based telomere maintenance in NB cell lines was associated with loss of p53 function, increased expression of DNA-repair genes, and resistance to DNA-damaging chemotherapy. Loss of ATRX expression is not essential for ALT to develop in NB. Novel, p53-independent therapies should be considered to treat neuroblastomas harboring the ALT phenotype. Citation Format: Ahsan Farooqi, Ashly Hindle, Balakrishna Koneru, Jerry Shay, Patrick Reynolds. Increased DNA repair capacities and p53/MDM2 pathway aberrations hallmark neuroblastoma cell lines with the alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) phenotype. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 580. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-580


Numeric study of the rectangular billiards is approached from the context of the causal quantum theory. The conditions that make possible the existence of quantum chaos are verified, identifying irregular behavior through criteria such Lyapunov exponents and power spectra. Quantum potential is determined as well as Wigner and Ferry-Zhou potentials, analyzing the role they play in the expressions of quantum chaos and its correspondence in the classic limit.


Shrinking design rules have decreased film thickness specifications and are creating challenges as multi-layer structures and new materials are introduced. Film thickness measurement is one of these challenges that must be addressed. Not only are the structures and materials challenging to measure but in the 300mm wafer process it is required to implement these measurements on small test pads to eliminate dummy wafers and save costs. To meet these requirements, Dainippon Screen Mfg. Co., Ltd. has developed a spectroscopic ellipsometer, RE-3200, which can measure several parameters with a spot size down to 30um. This state-of-the-art film thickness measurement tool has a unique design to support spectroscopic ellipsometry and also optical interferometry and monochromic ellipsometry(optional). The advantages include high long-term repeatability, high accuracy, short measurement time, and low COO. The simple optics does not require any components between polarizers and ensure high optical efficiency and stability. The high-precision aspheric mirrors are developed specifically for this system and allow the measurement of the small areas on the device. In addition, the use of high-contrast polarizers minimizes measurement errors. The RE-3200 system is also strongly recommended for scatterometry applications. In this paper, the optical design and performance of RE-3200 including measurement results will be presented.


not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process, which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as doi: 10.1111/HAE.14271 This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved DR RADOSLAW KACZMAREK (Orcid ID : 0000-0001-8084-1958) PROF MICHAEL MAKRIS (Orcid ID : 0000-0001-7622-7939) MR BRIAN O MAHONY (Orcid ID : 0000-0001-9780-6972) MR DAVID ALAN PAGE (Orcid ID : 0000-0001-5009-260X) PROF FLORA PEYVANDI (Orcid ID : 0000-0001-7423-9864) DR STEVEN W PIPE (Orcid ID : 0000-0003-2558-2089) MR THOMAS SANNIÉ (Orcid ID : 0000-0002-9220-1840) MR MARK W SKINNER (Orcid ID : 0000-0002-0934-0680) DR ALOK SRIVASTAVA (Orcid ID : 0000-0001-5032-5020) DR GLENN F PIERCE (Orcid ID : 0000-0002-3310-328X)


Objective: To observe the efficacy of the ginkgo biloba extract(Shuxuening injection) in the treatment of diabetic vascular disease.Methods: 56 cases of type 2 diabetes patients with vascular disease were randomly divided into control and treatment groups.28 cases in control group were given gliclazide,28 cases in the treatment group were given Ginkgo biloba extract 15 days on the basis of control group.To detect the index of hemorheology and changement of clinical symptoms before and after treatment.Results: The total efficiency of treatment group(89.3%) was significantly higher than control group(75.0%)(P0.05).Conclusion: Ginkgo biloba extract(Shuxuening injection) to reduce blood sugar,blood lipids,hemorheology,and improves insulin sensitivity,improve the clinical symptoms of diabetic vascular disease in patients with effective drug for the treatment of diabetic vascular disease.


In this series of articles we hope to shed useful light on the high-frequency performace of amplifiers. Modern operational amplifiers and cir cuits of similar topology have an inherent Slew Rate (SR) lim it, and they will produce dis tortion as the output Signal Slope (SS) approaches this lim it. We refer to this distortion as Slew Induced Distortion (SID). If an amplifier is driven into slew-rate limiting gross distor tion will be produced. This is analogus to driving an amplifier into amplitude clipping, which also produces gross distortion. The distortion pro duced by driving an amplifier towards slew-rate limiting has also been described as Transient Intermodulation distortion (TIM) [3,8,9,17,18,51,56], Until recently [33,34] there has not been a thorough study of this distortion. Therefore, this series is intended to be a comprehensive overview and explanation of SID. We will explain how and when SID is produced by an amplifier, and measurement techniques for and typical measurements of this distortion will be described. The results of a listening test for SID will be discussed, and the results of a theoretical calculation of SID in a 741 op amp will be shown and com pared with measurements. Some reasonable design criteria will also be reviewed. Above all, we will attempt to give a good overall perspective of this subject so that the reader will be able to judge its relevance to his or her own situation. Before discussing how SID occurs within amplifiers, it is necessary and appropriate to first consider how the slew rate itself is related to an audio signal. A sine-wave audio signal has definite and measurable parameters, namely its ampli tude and frequency. However, a somewhat more subtle parameter (and one germane to this issue) is the slope of the signal, as is determined by its amplitude and frequency. A simple relationship which defines the signal slope (SS) of a sine wave is the equation SS = 2 tt V p f (1) where Vp is the peak signal voltage, and f its frequency.


Schools were closed during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the learning process has changed dramatically. Students spent countless hours online for learning and leisure activities and risked themselves by engaging in cyberbullying. This study aims are twofold: (1) to investigate the prevalence of cyberbullying perpetration and victimization during the COVID-19 pandemic, and (2) to investigate predictors of cyberbullying perpetration and victimization. A cross-sectional survey method was used in this study. This study used three questionnaires named Cyberbullying Perpetration and Victimization, Problematic Internet Use Questionnaire Short Form (PIUQ-SF-6), and Cyberbullying Attitudes Measure. Participants are middle and high school students (N = 3,752; 52.4% were girls, 81.6% were middle school students). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariate linear regression. Results showed that more students engaged in cyberbullying victimization than perpetration. Boys were more likely to engage in cyberbullying perpetration. Girls were more likely to engage in cyberbullying victimization. The most prevalent cyberbullying perpetration and victimization were posted mean or hurtful comments online. PIU, particularly more time spent online, harms both perpetrators and victims, as many as 3.4% for perpetrators and 4.5% for victims. Having fun teasing others online and feeling good attacking others online made the highest contributions to engaging in cyberbullying perpetration, as many as 10.9% and 10.1%, respectively. Do not accept harming others online and do not feel-good attacking others online, protecting the individuals from being cyberbullied as many as 4.2%. The attitude that school rules will be ineffective at stopping cyberbullying made the highest contribution to being cyberbullied, as many as 4.2%.


Starting from the function of inner furniture,it introduces the main forms of inner equipment as the main factors of humanistic room,illustrates the recreation of inner equipment to humanize room,and points out the important task of the concise concept of humanistic room design to furniture art,so as to create the humanistic room which satisfies the functional and spiritual requirements.


Objective:To investigate the variance of myocardial oxygen consumption (MOC) of patients postmenopausal coron ary atherosclerotic heart disease patients combined with anxiety disorder before and after mental intervention,research the correlation between mental intervention and myocardial oxygen consumption.Methods:85 patients postmenopausal coron ary atherosclerotic heart disease patients combined with anxiety disorder (diagnosed by HAD) were randomly divided in to 45 patients were in intervention group and 40 patients were in control group. The intervention group was treated by mental intervention. The scores of HAD and MOC of patients in the two groups were determined before and after the experiment. Then use the SPSS 11.5 to analyse the correlation between mental intervention and myocardial oxygen consumption.Results:The scores of HAD and MOC of patients postmenopausal coron ary atherosclerotic heart disease patients combined with anxiety disorder were reduced through mental intervention.The difference of the scores of HAD and MOC in these patients before and after mental intervention was statistically significant. The variance of scores of HAD before and after mental intervention positively correlated with that of MOC.Conclusion:To give the effective mental intervention when treating the primary diseases of patients postmenopausal coron ary atherosclerotic heart disease patients combined with anxiety disorder could reduce myocardial oxygen consumption and improve patients' anxiety.


The lattice Boltzmann method, a mesoscopic numerical method with a solid kinetic basis, is used to establish a low-level pool boiling model to exhibit the transport phenomena inside an evaporation chamber of a wickless micro heat pipe using DI water as the working fluid. The effects of wall superheat and wall wettability on bubbles' nucleation, growth, and detachment in the evaporation chamber were compared and analysed. Moreover, the influence of the wall superheat on the thermal performance of the micro heat pipe was specifically examined. It is found that the low-level pool boiling occurs with a wall superheat that is higher than 0.357T c, indicating a high heat flux for heat removal. Interestingly, when the relatively hydrophobic chamber wall is superheated by 0.46T c, there are more nucleation sites, and the complete bubbles cycle containing nucleation, growth, and detachment is longer. In contrast, on a hydrophilic surface under the same and sufficient superheat condition, the number of bubble nucleation sites is less than that on the hydrophobic surface, and the complete cycle of bubbles is shorter. It is worth mentioning that the model has values for predictions of homogeneous nucleation of bubbles and thermal transport on hydrophobic or hydrophilic surfaces.


Iron corrosion, a product from the chemical reaction between iron and oxygen in the presence of water and commonly referred to as rust, is a heterogeneous solid-state material composed of multiple phases that represent an abundant source of chemical waste. Here, we introduce a strategy that advances the state-of-the-art in chemical synthesis by demonstrating the usefulness of this ubiquitous inexpensive inorganic material for developing oxidative radical polymerizations. Rust, when treated with an acid, is an ideal source of Fe3+ ions affording an oxidation potential of 0.77 V for oxidizing thiophene-based moieties and producing conducting polymers characterized by long conjugation lengths. We develop fundamental knowledge and mechanistic understanding that enables the deposition of freestanding nanofibrillar films of the conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) via rust-based vapor-phase polymerization (RVPP). Our process takes place in a single step inside a sealed hydrothermal reacto...


In Turkiye, after 1950's accessible housing started to emerge as a problem, and in years, slum areas created a necessity for urban transformation. Global wars and other natural disasters have been playing important role in Turkiye's housing market. In the context of Turkey's dynamic urbanization and population growth, the housing sector plays a pivotal role in shaping the nation's built environment and social fabric. As a diverse and complex industry, housing development involves multiple actors, including government agencies, private developers, non-profit organizations, and architects, each contributing distinct design approaches to address the evolving needs of the population. There are two big parties working on mass housing production in Turkiye; TOKI (The housing development administration of Turkiye) and REITs (real estate investment trusts). As a governmental agency, TOKI is responsible for large-scale housing projects to provide affordable housing, and their design approach prioritizes functionality with an emphasis on meeting basic needs. On the other hand, REITs' aim in the housing market is to generate income for investors, and their design approach focuses on enhancing the value of the property by prioritizing aesthetics and amenities that appeal to buyers. The design approaches in housing production of TOKI and REITs will be examined and discussed under three main headings: site planning, design aspects, and engineering aspects, accordingly, suggestions will be made for improvements.


The scope of rural marketing in India is undergoing an evolutionary change. When we look at the human dimensions of economic growth and development our attention is immediately drawn towards India's rural areas. Nearly three fourths of its people live there and about a third of its Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is rural in origin. In this scenario, the paper tries to assess the reasons thereof for this fruition in the scope of rural marketing, which is just not a theoretical presentation but also a practical prescription for conglomerates which would venture into this developing arena for a profitable return.


This paper presents a GA for optimization of word length coefficients in a pipelined FFT processor. The algorithm optimizes memory and buses both at the I/O interfaces within the processor datapath. This provides a complex search space in which the algorithm needs balance optimization parameters against error. A special feature of the GA is the use of nonuniform operators which allow tuning the search to provide an optimal optimization with minimum number of generations. The paper describes the algorithm, the concept of non uniform operators through the mutation operation. The results show the effect of both uniform and non uniform sampling on the quality of the optimization, turbulence towards convergence, and the speed of convergence.


In a dynamic structural VAR framework, we investigate how mutual fund cash flows respond to market volatilities, market returns, and fund returns, using the data of inflows and outflows obtained from Form N-SAR filings with the SEC in the EDGAR system. We find that market volatility (market return) shocks have contemporaneous negative (positive) effects on net flows. Fund return shocks have a significant effect on net flows for more than 64% of sample funds in each fund style group. Logistic regression shows the importance of diverse fund characteristics. Disposition effect of fund investors depends also on fund characteristics.


The main objective of the paper is to explore the unconventional (non-standard) measures of the European Central Bank's monetary policy, undertaken in response to the global financial crisis. This research puts emphasis on the key instruments of the ECB's unconventional monetary policy, such as follows: first, conduct of accommodative monetary policy at nominal interest rates, close to zero or even below zero; second, implementation of measures of enhanced credit support policy for commercial banks through the Axpanded Asset Purchase Programme (APP). The latter presently includes the following programmes: Asset-backed securities purchase programme (ABSPP), Covered bond purchase programme (NBPP), Corporate Sector Purchase Programme (CSPP) and Oargeted longer-term refinancing operations programme (TLTRO II). With this regard, in the paper is also investigated the ECB's practice on expanding credit assessment framework for eligible assets used for the Eurosystem credit operations. Moreover, the limitations against the measures for provision of liquidity to financial markets and banking system in the euro area are explored. Special attention in the paper is attached on the ECB's monetary policy started in June 2014, which has gone beyond the zero bound on nominal interest rates, in particular the interest rate on deposit facility, as well as the effects stemming from the negative interest rate levels on lending and real economy in the euro area. This analysis is associated with the study on banking lending in the euro area as a result from the ECB's expanded asset purchase programme and the negative deposit facility rate – in particular, the credit standards on loans to enterprises and households, banks' net interest income, their liquidity ratio and credit margins.


Background Drugs and their metabolites can be incorporated into hair so hair testing has become s an alternative and complementary method to assess the extent of drugs abuse. The aim of our study has been to use hair samples to rebuild the epidemiology of illicit substances use  in Perugia.
Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study from May to July 2012 asking hairdressers of Perugia to collect hair samples and to compile a schedule for each one. The samples were analyzed in laboratory: the extraction of basic substances was performed adding methanol; the extraction of acid substances was obtained adding  NAOH.  After derivatization, 1μl of each solution was analyzed through gas chromatography / mass spectrometry The data were  organized in a database and processed using R version 3.2.2.
Results We collected 238 samples. The most detected drugs were: THC-TMS identified in 15 samples, MDMA in 9, Beg-TMS in 8. There is a statistically significant difference in drug use between centre (23,36%) and periphery (5,34%). Age and sex have not represented influencing factors. The substance with the highest concentration in the keratin matrix is ketamine (9834,86 ng/100 mg of hair).
Conclusions The use of keratin matrix offers high advantages in the toxicological analysis compared to conventional biological matrices and let us analyze the situation in Perugia where the increased market of drugs caused constant rise of drug addiction. However, because of the limits of this method, only the simultaneous use of keratin matrix and other traditional indicators, could furnish more precise information.


Background. Vaccination is one of the greatest advancements in medicine regarding prevention of severe infectious diseases. The current COVID-19 pandemic placed a tremendous burden on the shoulders of national and international health and governmental authorities, which fueled a common effort to produce a vaccine against this disease. Material and method. The authors performed a prospective quantitative research, based on an on-line questionnaire, regarding the attitude of medical students studying in Romania toward COVID-19 vaccination and the factors that influence their decision. Results. 511 students participated in the survey, both Romanian and foreign students, of which 78.3% agree with COVID-19 vaccination. The following factors influenced positively the decision to accept the vaccine: studying in Romanian language, having acquaintances suffering from COVID-19, taking care of COVID-19 patients, positive attitude towards vaccines in general, trusting the authorities, having a higher level of fear of infection and a lower level of fear of side effects. Conclusions. The results of our study highlighted the factors that influence the attitude of medical students towards vaccination. Given that the future doctors will have a decisive role in consolidating a safer and more certain future of medicine, it is important that these factors are addressed and targeted by the strategic programs to make them understand the importance of immunization of the population against severe infectious diseases.


Addition of a small amount of very large polymer molecules or micelle-forming surfactants to a liquid can dramatically reduce the energy dissipation it exhibits in the turbulent flow regime. This rheological drag reduction phenomenon is widely used, for example, in the Alaska pipeline, but it is not well-understood, and no comparable technology exists to reduce turbulent energy consumption in flows of gases, in which polymers or surfactants cannot be dissolved. The most striking feature of this phenomenon is the existence of a so-called maximum drag reduction (MDR) asymptote: for a given geometry and driving force, there is a maximum level of drag reduction that can be achieved through addition of polymers. Changing the concentration, molecular weight or even the chemical structure of the additives has little to no effect on this asymptotic value. This universality is the major puzzle of drag reduction. We describe direct numerical simulations of turbulent minimal channel flow of Newtonian fluids and visc...


In network delivery of compressed video, packets may be lost if the channel is unreliable. But in some real time video applications such as video conferencing and push to talk systems, time delay and Quality of Service are both very important. This makes the use of error resilience and flow control techniques necessary. In this paper, we propose a new approach for real-time video stream transporting based on H.264 error resilience algorithm and error concealment methods. A new framework is designed to meet our application. The key algorithms of the system are improved and a novel control system is designed to coordinate the different parts of the system. And the experimental results show that our method works well in some different network conditions.


A new concept of charge quantization and pulse-rate measurement was developed to monitor low-level gamma dose rates using energy-sensitive, air-equivalent counters. Applying this concept, the charge from each detected photon is quantized by level-sensitive comparators so that the resulting total output pulse rate is proportional to dose rate. The concept was tested with a proportional counter and a solid-state detector for wide-range dose-rate monitoring applications. The prototypic monitors cover a dose-rate range from background radiation levels (10 ¿R/h) to 10 R/h.


The invention discloses a gesture identification method used for a virtual reality display output device and the virtual reality display output device. The identification method comprises the steps of obtaining a first video from a first camera and obtaining a second video from a second camera; separating out a first plane gesture on first plane information of a hand graph in the first video from the first video, and separating out a second plane gesture on second plane information of a hand graph in the second video; converting the first plane information and the second plane information into spatial information in a binocular imaging manner, and generating a spatial gesture comprising the spatial information; obtaining an executive instruction corresponding to the spatial gesture; and executing the executive instruction. According to the method, a three-dimensional gesture can be identified by adopting a general camera, so that the cost and technical risk of the virtual reality display output device are greatly lowered.


In this section, we will cover two principal subjects: (1) the various procedural issues that attend copyright infringement litigation, and (2) the remedies available to successful plaintiffs in a copyright infringement action. We will also briefly examine the Copyright Act's provisions regarding criminal liability for copyright infringement, and how those provisions have been interpreted, and the new law providing for small claims proceedings before the Copyright Claims Board.


Black carbon (BC) in atmospheric soot particle is known as strongly absorber of visible spectrum solar radiation in the atmosphere. The coating materials on soot particle can enhance the magnitude of light absorption by the soot-containing particles, according to the coating conditions including composition, amount and morphology. Several studies have indicated that the estimation by assuming core-shell shaped particle and simple composition tends to estimate larger than that for the real sootcontaining particles (Adachi et al., 2010; Lack and Cappa, 2010; Cappa et al., 2012). To elucidate the enhancement of light absorption of aged soot-containing particles and their relation with the individual particle condition, we made an observation for continental outflow at Noto Peninsula, Kanazawa, Japan, in spring 2013.


Significance In the tumor microenvironment of colorectal cancer (CRC), sST2 acts in a tumor-suppressive manner by inhibiting the proinflammatory function of interleukin (IL)-33. This study demonstrates that hypoxia, which is closely associated with tumor malignancy, decreases sST2 expression in CRC cells. Hypoxia-induced sST2 depletion results from hypoxia-inducible factor-dependent nuclear accumulation of IL-33, which binds to GATA3 and blocks its access to the sST2 promoter. Most importantly, restoration of sST2 expression limited to hypoxic regions in mouse CRC tumors improves the inflammatory tumor environment, effectively suppressing tumor growth and metastasis. sST2 depletion is also observed in hypoxic regions of human CRC lesions. Our findings suggest that sST2 enhancement specifically targeting hypoxic tumor regions may be useful in the treatment of malignant CRC.


The increasing quantity of video material requires methods to help users navigate such data, among which topic segmentation techniques. The goal of this article is to improve ASRbased topic segmentation methods to deal with peculiarities of professional-video transcripts (transcription errors and lack of repetitions) while remaining generic enough. To this end, we introduce confidence measures and semantic relations in a segmentation method based on lexical cohesion. We show significant improvements of the F1-measure when integrating confidence measures and semantic relations respectively. Such improvement demonstrates that simple clues can conteract errors in automatic transcripts and lack of repetitions. Index Terms: topic segmentation, confidence measures, semantic relations, TV broadcasts


The phosphine-catalyzed tandem annulation reaction of Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH) alcohols with azomethine imines has been achieved for the synthesis of biologically important (epoxymethano)-pyrazolo[5,1- b]quinazoline derivatives. A variety of MBH alcohols and azomethine imines were well-tolerated under the mild reaction conditions, providing novel 3D heterocyclic compounds in high yields with excellent diastereoselectivities. It is the first time the direct activation of unmodified MBH alcohols acting as new oxa-synthons has been achieved.


L ITURGICAL LESSONS, that is, Biblical readings such as the Epistle and Gospel of the Mass, are not normally considered primarily musical items. It is the act of reading rather than of singing that characterizes them. It has, however, generally escaped the attention of music historians that performance of this so-called liturgical recitation on a single tone does not represent the complete picture. In addition to this practice, which we assume to have been part of the Latin liturgy from the beginning, there existed another kind of liturgical recitation, one that originated in the Middle Ages: the polyphonic rendition of the scripture reading.' We do not know when this typically medieval way of "reading" a liturgical text was first adopted. The fact that the music is conceived for two or three parts and based on the perfect consonance of the fifth suggests that the practice is as old as polyphony itself, that its roots go back to early organum of the type described in the 9th-century treatise of the Musica Enchiriadis. The actual musical sources, however, are not earlier than the 12th century, and the large bulk of manuscripts derives from an even later period, the 14th and I5th centuries. The elementary structure of these pieces indicates that they were generally passed on by means of oral tradition and that only the gradual decline of the latter was responsible for their notation in liturgical manuscripts of the later Middle Ages. *Whereas the music for both the Lessons of the Offices and the Epistle of the Mass is based on a common principle, namely the replacement or extension of the monophonic recitation tone by a twoor three-part consonance, the music for the polyphonic Gospel reading follows a pattern of its own. This consists of three alternating solo voices which first succeed one another and then at the final section of a sentence or group of sentences are united in a three-part polyphonic close. This pattern is repeated until the Gospel text comes to an end. Real polyphony is there-


This paper presents an analysis of the production of multi-word units present in English argumentative texts written by non-native speakers of the language. The aim of this study is to examine the potential influence of the mother tongue on learners' production of both correct and incorrect multi-word units that are typically used in English for creating textual cohesion: lexical bundles, in particular, linking adverbials. Several corpora will be used: non-native students from the ICLE Corpus, and the CEUNF, an original corpus of Spanish non-native students of English who study English as a subject outside their curriculum. These will be contrasted with two native corpora: the American university students corpus (LOCNESS) and the corpus of the professional editorialists writing in English (SPE). The taxonomy used has been taken from Biber (2004), Biber, Conrad and Cortes (2004) and Biber et al. (1999) for the linking lexical bundles. Results suggest that transfer of L1 multi-word units occurs very often in the learners' production and that it plays an important role for both correct and incorrect textual cohesion. Teaching effect will also be considered as an important factor correlating with transfer.


Abstract Holocene terraces at Turakirae Head on the south coast of the North Island, New Zealand, record four recent earthquakes from simultaneous rupture of the Wairarapa Fault and flexure of the Rimutaka Anticline. The lowest tread and riser is the modern marine platform and storm beach that began forming when the area was raised during the Mw 8.2 Wairarapa earthquake of AD 1855 January. The remaining chronology is established by radiocarbon dating, in situ 10Be surface‐exposure dating, and slip‐predictable uplift estimation. Prior to AD 1855, uplifts occurred at 110–430 BC (max. 9.1 m), 2164–3468 BC (6.8 m), and 4660–4970 BC (7.3 m). Earlier uplift of unknown magnitude occurred at c. 7000 BC but went unrecorded because of rapidly rising sea level. Sea level was still rising when the two oldest surviving beach ridges were raised. Uplift at Turakirae Head in AD 1855 varied from 1.5 m at the Wainuiomata River to 6.4 m at the crest of the Rimutaka Anticline. Older beaches also are tilted, with the amount of tilt increasing with age. Coastal uplift at the anticline crest has averaged 3.32 ± 0.17 mm/yr over the past 9000 yr, and has changed little over the past 0.5 m.y. Uplift fits a slip‐predictable model of earthquake occurrence, and is log‐normally distributed with a mean of 7.3 ± 0.7 m. The most frequently occurring uplift is 7.1 ± 0.9 m. Uplift in AD 1855 was not significantly smaller than mean or mode, suggesting that the Turakirae Head sequence records four great earthquakes of at least similar magnitude to that of AD 1855. The mean earthquake recurrence interval is 2194 ± 117 yr; the modal interval is 2122 ± 193 yr. At the crest of the anticline, the coastal platform was cut entirely during the postglacial rise of sea level until shortly before 4660–4970 BC. Away from the crest, however, it may have been partially cut during low sea level of the penultimate glaciation. The open‐ocean radiocarbon reservoir correction (δR) for 10 14C dates of coastal marine shells that died in AD 1855 at Turakirae Head is 3 ± 14cal. yrBP(andnot‐31 ± 13 cal. yr BP, the currently accepted δR for central New Zealand coastal waters).


A new technique is presented for coding gray-scale images for facsimile transmission and printing on a laser printer. The authors use a gray-scale image encoder so that it is only at the receiver that the image is converted to a binary pattern and printed. The conventional approach is to transmit the image in halftoned form, using entropy coding (e.g. CCITT Group 3, or JBIG). The main advantages of the new approach are that it is possible to get higher compression rates and that the receiver can tune the halftoning process to the particular printer. A perceptually based subband coding approach is used.<<ETX>>


The methodology of the elaboration of a bilingual French-Spanish electronic dictionary which is based on the concept class of object (LLI, Paris 13) is presented. The selection of specific appropriate operators makes it possible to delimit groups of semantically homogeneous objects, on the basis of syntactic criteria. The factorization of operators leads to ulterior partitions (subclasses) within these groups. The capacity of disambiguation obtained by means of a coordinated description of operators and objects within the frame of the simple clause makes it possible to observe different applications within tha area of bilingual lexicography and translation. An extension of the model (classes of predicates) which accounts for the behaviour of non elementary operators is being considered


The Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) shipping and disposal operations currently employ two different disposal methods: one for Contact Handled (CH) waste and another for Remote Handled (RH) waste. CH waste is emplaced in a variety of payload container configurations on the floor of each disposal room. In contrast, RH waste is packaged into a single type of canister and emplaced in pre-drilled holes in the walls of disposal rooms. CH waste containers are shipped to WIPP in unshielded Type B packages licensed by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), whereas RH waste is shipped in similarly licensed shielded packages that also include lead to attenuate higher energy gamma photons to meet transportation dose limits. Because the lead employed in the existing shipping packages (called the RH72B) does not attenuate neutrons, this transportation and disposal system is not able to accommodate neutron emitting waste streams. Recently, DOE proposed the use of gamma-shielded containers that would allow packaging of gammaemitting RH waste in a configuration that could be shipped in a CH shipping package and emplaced on the floor of WIPP disposal rooms, while still being counted against repository capacity limits as RH waste. The gamma-shielded containers can be handled by contact. The NRC reviewed the license application for these gamma-shielded containers and the approval is pending, but expected at the end of 2008. Concurrent with the submission to NRC, DOE submitted a planned change request to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to allow the placement of the gamma shielded containers in the repository with other CH waste. This paper presents an update of the status of DOE's gamma-shielded container initiative.


Nonlinear optical effects in lattice SiO2 nanosphere packings under pulse laser excitation are experimentally studied. Pulse generation of narrow-beam X-ray radiation is determined in this samples. The possibility of using this effect in medicine are considered.


Mardelle McCuskey Shepley, Troy Savage, Judy Smith. Design charrettes have been a mainstay in architectural and design practice. More recently a format has been introduced in the format of Reimaging Workshops, a charrette characterized by both practical and blue sky thinking, training in empathy, and multi-stakeholder input. In spring of 2021, two Reimagining Workshops were held to explore ideal neonatal intensive care environments. This paper describes the history of design charrettes, the history of the Reimaging Workshops (RWs), the methodology associated with RWs and the specific findings from the NICU events.


Strong coupling exhibits unique ability to preserve quantum sates between light and matter, which is essential for the development of quantum information technology. To explore the physical mechanism behind this phenomenon, we employ the tight-binding model for expanding the temporal coupled-mode theory, with the absorption spectrum formula of coupled system directly obtained in an analytical way. It reveals all the physical meaning of parameters defined in our theory, and shows how to tailor lineshapes of the coupled systems. Here, we set an example to manipulate the strong coupling in a hybrid structure composed of excitons in monolayer WS 2 and quasi-bound states in the continuum supported by the TiO 2 nanodisks. The simulated results show that a clear spectral splitting appeared in the absorption spectrum, which can be controlled by adjusting the asymmetric parameter of the nanodisk metasurfaces and well fitted through our theoretical predictions. Our work not only gives a more comprehensive understanding of such coupled systems, but also offers a promising strategy in controlling the strong light-matter coupling to meet diversified application requests.


This study investigates the relationship among customer satisfaction, loyalty and financial performance in the tourism and hospitality industry for the case of North Cyprus. The results indicate that SERVQUAL items have a positive effect on both customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. The study also demonstrates the positive effect of service quality factors on customer satisfaction and loyalty towards a hotel. Moreover, there are direct effects of customer satisfaction and loyalty on the financial performance of hotels while service quality factors affect the financial performance of the hotels indirectly. company a customer satisfaction human resource of the company in form on a positive relationship. customer the marketing in the


A comprehensive resource for your health professions students, including physical and occupational therapists, chiropractors, and behavioral medicine students, Introduction to Surface Electromyography clearly explains how to use SEMG to treat a variety of neuromuscular conditions. It covers the development of SEMG, instrumentation, assessment, and treatment, and features a detailed atlas for electrode placement. * Provides a comprehensive introduction to surface electromyography * Features a detailed electrode atlas with illustrations of 68 electrode placement sites * Includes helpful "quick reference" items throughout the text * Addresses the growing uses for surface electromyography * Includes data from the latest research studies on the use of SEMG in work performance, sports performance, rehabilitation, and movement analysis


The variable-temperature 13 C CP/MAS NMR spectra of the potassium salt of phenoxymethylpenicillin (C 16 H 17 N 2 O 5 SK) (potassium penicillin V) at T<352 K indicate an unusual low-symmetry structure with four molecules in the crystallographic asymmetric unit. This is confirmed by a single-crystal X-ray diffraction study, which employed a novel computational protocol to allow solution of the structure, which indicates that the four distinct molecules differ principally in the orientation of the phenoxy side chain with respect to the penam unit. The packing motif reveals different pseudosymmetry elements relating certain parts of the unit cell, which may explain the occurrence of this uncommon complex structure


Existing source code plagiarism systems focus on the problem of identifying plagiarism between pairs of submissions. The task of detection, while essential, is only a small part of managing plagiarism in an instructional setting. Holistic plagiarism detection and management requires coordination and sharing of assignment similarity -- elevating plagiarism detection from pairwise similarity to cluster-based similarity; from a single assignment to a sequence of assignments in the same course, and even among instructors of different courses.
 To address these shortcomings, we have developed Student Submissions Integrity Diagnosis (SSID), an open-source system that provides holistic plagiarism detection in an instructor-centric way. SSID's visuals show overviews of plagiarism clusters throughout all assignments in a course as well as highlighting most-similar submissions on any specific student. SSID supports plagiarism detection workflows; e.g., allowing student assistants to flag suspicious assignments for later review and confirmation by an instructor with proper authority. Evidence is automatically entered into SSID's logs and shared among instructors.
 We have additionally collected a source code plagiarism corpus, which we employ to identify and correct shortcomings of previous plagiarism detection engines and to optimize parameter tuning for SSID deployment. Since its deployment, SSID's workflow enhancements have made plagiarism detection in our faculty less tedious and more successful.


In the present study we undertook a dual approach to explore the vocational training level of Hungarian high school students in Romania: in the light of career orientation and career socialization (vocational training and career choice factors, intention to further studies and further education, overview of work opportunities, conception of field of work) and from the perspective of information and communication technologies used in schools (school infrastructure, electronic didactic equipment, use of ICT tools). Our nationwide, cross-sectional survey with diagnostic purposes, can serve as a starting point for further research, which is necessary for the development of vocational training. The topic of our study fits into the European educational objectives, because the examination of vocational training is timely, since improving the quality of vocational training is being dealt with at the European level.Keywords: vocational education; career orientation; digital skill;


As it is known, most decision processes are based on preference relations, in the sense that processes are linked to some degree of preference of any alternative over another. The use of preference relations is usual in decision making [1, 5, 10, 14]. Therefore, to establish properties to be verified by such preference relations is very important for designing good decision making models. One of these properties is the so called consistency property. The lack of consistency in decision making can lead to inconsistent conclusions; that is why it is important, if not crucial, to study conditions under which consistency is satisfied [5, 10]. On the other hand, perfect consistency is difficult to obtain in practice, specially when measuring preferences on a set with a large number of alternatives. Clearly, the problem of consistency itself includes two problems [3, 7]:


We present a methodology for synthesizing streaming applications, modeled as task graphs, for pipelined execution on multi-core architectures. We develop a task graph extraction and characterization framework that accurately determines the structure, computation and communication characteristics of application task graph from its specification in C. Furthermore, we develop a provably optimal algorithm that jointly balances the workload assigned to each core, and minimizes inter-core communication traffic. Experiment results show that our versatile method improves the through-put of streaming applications significantly under a variety of hardware configurations.


In recent years several authors have derived correlations between gamma‐ray burst (GRB) spectral peak energy (Epeak) and either isotropic‐equivalent radiated energy (Eiso) or peak luminosity (Liso). Since these relationships are controversial, but could provide redshift estimators, it is important to determine whether bursts detected by Swift exhibit the same correlations. Swift has greatly added to the number of GRBs for which redshifts are known and hence Eiso and Liso could be calculated. However, for most bursts it is not possible to adequately constrain Epeak with Swift data alone since many GRBs have Epeak above the energy range (15–150 keV) of the Swift Burst Alert Telescope (BAT). Therefore we have analyzed the spectra of 78 bursts (31 with redshift) which were detected by both Swift/BAT and the Suzaku Wide‐band All‐sky Monitor (WAM), which covers the energy range 50–5000 keV. For most bursts in this sample we can precisely determine Epeak and for bursts with known redshift we can compare how the ...


The invention discloses a wellhead natural gas differential pressure power generation method and system based on solar energy. The method comprises the steps that a natural gas collection device is adopted to convey collected natural gas to a first heat exchanger; a solar heat collector heats a heat conduction medium and conveys the heated heat conduction medium to the first heat exchanger, the first heat exchanger adopts the heat conduction medium to heat natural gas, and the first heat exchanger conveys the heated natural gas to an expansion power generation unit; and the expansion power generation unit utilizes the heated natural gas for power generation. The heated natural gas is used for differential pressure power generation, and compared with the power generation amount of an existing power generation technology, the power generation amount of the method is greatly improved. Meanwhile, the solar heat collector is used for heating the natural gas, energy is also saved, and the technical problem that in the correlation technique, after the natural gas is obtained, the natural gas is directly used for power generation, and consequently, the power generation efficiency is low is solved.


Si epitaxial layers were selectively grown on local-oxidation-of-silicon-patterned Si (100) substrates by cold-wall ultrahigh vacuum chemical vapor deposition. The Si windows were aligned along the [110] direction on Si (100) surface. As growth temperature increased from 550 to 650 °C, the development of (111) facets was dramatically suppressed, and the Si growth on sidewall facet planes was decreased. It is believed that surface diffusion of Si adatoms plays an important role in the morphological evolution of selective epitaxial growth (SEG). We propose a model to explain our experimental observations, and to clarify the effect of growth temperature on the facet morphology in terms of the surface mass transport and mass accumulation processes on facet surfaces. (211) facet formation between (311) and (111) facets in Si SEG is reported, and the stability of the (211) plane is also discussed. Finally, we investigated the changes in facet morphology with Si layer thickness, which supports our model for the ...


The development and deployment of public space infrastructures, such as lunar habitat systems, in-situ resource utilization (ISRU) systems, and propellant depots, often require a large amount of initial investment that may not be affordable by a single stakeholder. It often requires global collaborations and federations of different governmental agencies and commercial entities. To analyze the interactions of stakeholders with different mission objectives and to stimulate commercial participation in future space infrastructure development and deployment, this paper proposes an incentive mechanism design framework based on game theory. An analytical incentive design method based on the Nash bargaining solution is established. We prove that this method can minimize the incentive required for commercial participation while maximizing both the social welfare (i.e., maximizing the total utility of all stakeholders) and the fairness (i.e., maximizing the minimum utility of each stakeholder). A case study on lunar habitat infrastructure deployment is implemented to demonstrate and evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed incentive design method. Results also show how the performances of ISRU system after deployment may impact the cooperation among stakeholders.


EDITOR: In the January, 1968 issue of Communications of the ACM [pp. 55--56] a letter from Congressman Jack Brooks to Charles Schultze, the Director of the Bureau of the Budget, was published, together with a challenge from A. G. Oettinger, President of the ACM, that all ACM members give the Congressman's letter and the subject of standardization careful consideration and comment. Space prohibits a detailed analysis of Congressman Brooks' letter, but some general s tatements are appropriate. E.g. from the Congressman's letter it is not clear whether he is representing a (rather large) computer user and as such rightfully interested in cooperating with other members of the computing community in developing standards, or whether he is acting as a legislator interested in establishing government control over computer standards. The ACM Code of Ethics suggests some of the obligations of computer professionals toward society. Computer professionals, I suggest, must prevent increased governmental control of the computer business unless the American people clearly demonstrate that a tendency toward nationalization of the computer business is desirable. Computer professionals can aid in the present mat ter by being sure they are involved in the establishing of standards, say by part icipating in the ACM Standing Committee on Standards. Contrary to the Congressman's opinion, I question whether there really is a problem in data processing standardizatian in the sense of being a troublesome mat ter unattended. Congressman Brooks even admits the existence of de facto standards which he acknowledges is consistent with the American tradition. There are in existence organizations of computer users and manufacturers and of computer professionals. So certainly if it were the concensus of the computing community that standards are "cresting too la te ," the people who would know this could very easily state so and take action with their fellow users or manufacturers in a consolidated way through these organizations. If it is agreed that standardization does require more at tention, then I would prefer a recognized computer professional organization, ACM, and the organizations with which it cooperates like I F I P to organize the establishment of computer standards. I suggested this approach because the members of ACM operate as individuals, constitute worldwide representation (although the United States is definitely in a dominant position) ; and the members' backgrounds are diverse: large and small businesses, manufacturers and users, and from education, government and industry. So my quasi proposal centers around the ACM Standards Committee as the organization b a t able to represent the computing community, with assistance from sundry users and manufacturers by providing time and expenses for the individuals willing to work. This plan obviously requires voluntary cooperation which is perhaps its greatest asset. A. KENNETH FITZGERALD 220 Spartan Drive Monroeville, PA 15156 Proposed Library of Programs for Personnel and Related W o r k


The advantages of using self-protecting flux-core wire in welding ship sections and blocks are described. While use would involve equipment modernization and welder training, the authors state that it would, in exchange, increase welding productivity and quality.


Transflective displays are ideal for portable applications used in both bright sunlight and darkened rooms. Display bistability is also advantageous for ensuring low power consumption, but the choice for transflective geometries is then severely limited. Grating‐aligned Zenithal Bistable Devices ZBD™ are readily fabricated in either single polariser reflective or transflective modes using a number of different device geometries. Both retardation and polarisation rotation modes are reported.


This study was done to investigate the relationship of socioeconomic status and food intake to cognitive status of the
older population. The subjects of this study consisted of 214 older persons aged 60 - 84 years. Interviews were conducted using the health-related habits and food frequency questionnaires to provide basic information for nutrition education program. We evaluated the current food consumption pattern and cognitive status of the subjects. The results of this study were as follows:Mean age of the subjects was 69.7 ± 7.4 years. The average cognitive function score of the subjects was 7.9 ± 2.0(full score was 10.0). Male had a higher cognitive status score than female. There was significant difference between cognitive status score and age, education level, pocket money, physical activity and family type. The subjects who had a higher cognitive status score ate more fish and meats group and milk and milk products than the subjects that had a lower cognitive status score. These results have demonstrated that various socioeconomic variables and food intake pattern affect on cognitive status with aging and suggest that proper nutrition
education and adequate nutrient intake in quality and quantity are essential in maintaining cognitive status in later life. (J Community Nutrition 5(3) : 173 ~ 177, 2003)


The Kirchhoff index of a connected (molecular) graph is the sum of the resistance-distances between all unordered pairs of vertices and may also be expressed by its Laplacian eigenvalues. We determine the minimum Kirchhoff index of connected (molecular) graphs in terms of the number of vertices and matching number and characterize the unique extremal graph. The results on the Kirchhoff index are compared with the corresponding results on the Wiener index. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2009


We have reviewed 82 children with congenital dislocation of the hip, after freatment by anterior open reduction followed by derotation femoral osteotomy. The clinical and radiological results were significantly better in the group that had open reduction before the appearance of the capital femoral epiphysis; this group also had a lower incidence of avascular necrosis. We conclude that, when it is clearly indicated, the earlier an open reduction is carried out the better the results. The goal of treatment in congenital dislocation of the hip (CDH) is to return the femoral head to within the acetabulum, and to maintain this position until the pathological changes have reversed. Early reduction implies that fewer adaptive changes have taken place, and reduces the time required for the femoral head, acetabulum and capsular structures to return to their normal configuration (Hensinger 1985). It is generally agreed that closed reduction of the dislocated neonatal hip should be attempted first, but this will fail in a proportion of patients ; some due to soft tissue interposition (Leveuf 1948 ; Somerville 1953; Renshaw 1981). Persisting with conservative therapy may then lead to a permanently defective joint. The earliest age at which an open reduction can safely be carried out is contentious (Zionts and MacEwen 1986; Ross, Ford and Evans 1988). Chuinard (1972) stated that Wolf's law operates across a joint ; if this is true then the


Summary.  Compression and paralysis of the left recurrent laryngeal nerve by a dilated pulmonary artery is a rare complication of pulmonary hypertension. We here report the case of a patient with severe haemophilia A and HIV infection who presented with a persistent hoarseness of voice and a left vocal cord palsy caused by HIV‐associated pulmonary hypertension. This case suggests that HIV‐associated pulmonary hypertension should be suspected in any HIV patient presenting with unexplained left vocal cord palsy.


Earth pressure field and hydrostatic water pressure field are usually considered for classical earth pressure theories. Nonconsideration of groundwater seepage field is one of the main reasons why measured values of water-earth pressure on supporting structures are generally very different from those calculated values.Under the action of seepage,seepage force changes soil effective stress and affects soil shear strength.Through calculating the interraction of the hindering force field and seepage force field,a multi-field coupling problem is solved, a new calculation expressions on the foundation pit is presented.Key words : multi-field coupling; seepage ; lateral pressure ; water-earth pressure ; hindering force


Emotion is an important aspect of human intelligence and has been playing a significant role in creating virtual agent.Taken into account the influence of cognition to the emotion,an improved computing emotional model and a new form of behavior model are proposed.The paper designs the idiographic environment of emotion,and manages the behaviors through the form of behavior-tree to create the material and realistic virtual character emotion behavior,and brings forward the three-level structure of emotion formed as "personality-emotion-mood",then at last achieves an experimental system which proves the emotion model and behavior organizing model to be effective in creating intelligent emotion behavior in the virtual environment.


In this paper, an adaptive fuzzy decentralized control scheme is proposed for a class of uncertain nonlinear large-scale systems without measurements of states. Fuzzy logic systems are used to tackle unknown nonlinear functions, and fuzzy high-gain filters are first designed to estimate the immeasurable states, and then by using the fuzzy high-gain filters and based on the adaptive backstepping technique, adaptive fuzzy decentralized output feedback controllers are constructed by using the dynamic surface control (DSC) technique. It is proved that the proposed adaptive fuzzy decentralized control approach can guarantee all the signals in the closed-loop system are semi-globally uniformly ultimately bounded (SGUUB) and the tracking errors converge to a small neighborhood of origin. Simulation studies are included to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.


Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is a fairly common in caucasian individuals. Presents autosomal inheritance pattern and is classified according to its genetic origin. In all patients, there are iron overload in the body, because the regulatory process mineral absorption is changed genetically. The HH can be associated with the HFE gene (type1), HJV (type 2A), HAMP (type 2B), TFR2 (type 3) and SLC40A1 (type 4) and its clinical picture is highly variable and conditional on the deposit of iron in organs such as the liver, pancreas, and heart. Generally, the first symptoms of HH are nonspecific and occur from 40 years old, and may lead patients to death. Therefore, it is of utmost importance the knowledge about the genes involved in the HH and its identification, for which diagnostic and therapeutic strategies are effectively met.


Abstract A lineament, herein called the Towanta Lineament, was first noticed on a composite raised relief map of Utah and has been traced on aerial and satellite photography and topographic maps for about 220 miles (350 kms.). Parts of the eastern half have been examined in the field. The lineament extends from about 20 miles (32 kms.) northeast of Vernal near the northeast corner of Utah to within about 40 miles (65 kms.) of the Utah-Nevada border. Except where apparently offset by the Wasatch Fault (or Line), the strike is consistently N 72° E. The lineament cuts a wide variety of structural features and stratigraphic units and is everywhere characterized by topographically low areas which have developed into linear drainages. Along the south flank of the Uinta Mountains and across the northwest Uinta Basin it is marked by springs, lines of sinkholes, caves, anomalous drainage patterns and, in one instance, fault scarps of Recent age a short distance to the south. A wide zone of nearly parallel fractures crosses the deepest part of the Uinta Basin in this northwest portion and is probably a controlling factor in prolific oil and gas production. The Wasatch Fault apparently has been offset by right lateral movement along the lineament, and the lineament has been in turn offset by left lateral movement along the Wasatch Fault. The Utah Valley area south of Provo thus appears to be an important structural junction. West of the Wasatch Fault, the lineament crosses Basin and Range structures and is marked by major mineralized areas, intrusions, pronounced fracturing and strong contrast in aeromagnetic characteristics of the terrane on opposite sides of the trace.


The training interest is the main motivity for children speed skaters to have a training.In order to develop their training interest,the grass-roots coaches in amateur athletic sports schools should leave no stone unturned to look for the ways of developing their training interest.It's more difficult to mobilize the children skaters' positivity than the other sports events.The coaches' training level will directly influence the training interest of children speed skaters.The coaches should enhance their own culture,improve the professional ability,hard work at the training method to enable the children skaters to have well training interest for performing better training effect.


Background: While the mental health situation for most people in low and middle-income countries is unsatisfactory, there is a renewed commitment to focus attention on the mental health of populations and on the scaling up of mental health services that have the capacity to respond to mental health service needs. There is general agreement that scaling up activities must be evidence-based and that the effectiveness of such activities must be evaluated. If these requirements are to be realised it will be essential to strengthen capacity in countries to conduct rigorous monitoring and evaluation of system development projects and to demonstrate sustained benefit to populations.


Photograph of teenagers dancing at the Texan Courts. In the photograph, individuals dance together. Streamers are hung across the ceiling.


Subject
 Expansion of fintech in South-east Asia.

 Significance
 South-east Asia is primed for a rapid expansion of financial technology ('fintech'), despite a lack of both digital infrastructure and region-wide regulation. The region is seeing growing demand for electronic payments.

 Impacts
 As fintech develops across South-east Asia, acquisitions of smaller local companies by large players will increase.
 In many local markets, foreign companies will be forced to rely on local fintech providers.
 New regulations could provide opportunities for new forms of digital protectionism.
 Malaysia is well positioned to be a leader in Islamic fintech.


The development of computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) methods to improve a radiologist's decision-making in reading mammography is facing a bottle-neck problem. One critical reason is that almost all current CAD methods are actually developed to perform as an independent "reader" rather than a complementary assistant "second reader" to the radiologists. This paper proposes a new computer aided detection (CAD) method to improve early detection of breast cancer in screening mammograms by focusing on computerized analysis and detection of cancers missed by radiologists. The strategics taken in this study include (a) multi-mode detection by breast density classification, (b) breast area partition and region based adaptive detection, (c) weighted classification using the distinguishing features identified in missed cancer analysis. The results demonstrated that, due to the effective modification strategics taken in the new system, detection performance was improved significantly for mammograms at both detected and missed stages. With the focus on missed cancer analysis and detection, a bigger improvement was obtained in detecting missed cases even though the general detection performance is still lower than that at detected stage. It is also observed that the cancer could be detected earlier with less false positive signals by using the new CAD strategy.


Objective To discuss the correlation between helicobacter pylori and chronic urticaria,and treatment effect of different clinical treatment.Methods In this paper,we selected 84 patients of chronic urticaria from March 2010 to September 2011 as the research object.The cases were retrospectively analyzed according to the related clinical data.Results In patients with chronic urticaria helicobacter pylori positive rate significantly higher than the healthy check-up,and there was a statistically significant difference between two groups (P0.05);The total effective rate of patients in treatment group significantly higher than those in the control group,and there was a statistically significant difference comparing between two groups (P0.05).Conclusion Helicobacter pylori infection in patients may be partly one of the reasons for the chronic urticaria,the clinical effect with combination of antihypertensive therapy is remarkable in the clinical treatment of chronic urticaria.It is a safe and reliable choice in treatment of chronic urticaria.


Abstract The present work evaluated the degradation efficiency by photocatalysis and the removal by adsorption with a sequential combination of these processes for the treatment of a bicomponent mixture of methylene blue and remazol yellow gold RNL 150 dyes. A recirculation system made from post-consumer plastic box residues was applied, in addition with supports for the TiO P25, made with post-consumption aluminum seals. The UVc/H2O2/TiO2supp system showed a 93.15% degradation after 360 min in the preliminary study. After applying a factorial design 23, a 100% color removal was reached in 210 min, for the adsorptive process in lemon peel activated with H3PO4 and HCl (1.6 g L−1). The combined system, consisting of photocatalysis followed by adsorption as a polishing treatment, proved to be more efficient, promoting a degradation of 100% of the chromophor groups and 90.4% for the aromatic groups, in 105 min, a shorter time than either individual process. In addition, a textile effluent subjected to the combined system promoted degradation/removal of 60% (254 nm) and 82% (663 nm) for the evaluated wavelengths.


The existing problems of the traditional marine fishermen 's income were introduced and were analyzed in terms of the fishery resources,the management policies and other factors,then the essence of the problems was pointed out that the limited marine fishery resources are insufficient to support serious excess fishing capacity,and the imbalance has been aggravated by the current external environment,and the corresponding management measures are not effective enough for improving marine fisheries resources,reducing excess fishing capacity,increasing fishermen population's income and narrowing the gaps between the different levels. Further,in order to solve the problems and increase the income of marine fishermen,we should strengthen the conservation and management of fishery resources to ensure the material basis for their production,establish and improve the fishermen ' fishing rights protection mechanism to ensure their development rights,improve the fisheries management policies and systems to ensure that the rights of marine fishermen are equal and fair,strengthen the traditional fishermen'skills training to improve their ability and to increase their employment opportunities.