One of the ability which music possesses is to evoke the audience's sense of cultural and national identity. In the second half of the twentieth century, people can easily travel and relocate to a new country in order to search for a better living condition. However, with this newly found freedom, people's sense of belonging and cultural identity has been put into serious doubts and tests. W. H. Auden and Benjamin Britten's Paul Bunyan encapsulates and foresees this phenomenon. Both have just arrived at the United States to escape from the war-torn Britain. Eager to find a voice to suit their new audience and symbolically swear allegiance to their newly adopted country, Auden and Britten employed an American founding myth in order to engage with their American patrons. Through a closed reading of Paul Bunyan, listeners will soon realize the inseparable notions between the musical presentation and its cultural identity. Furthermore, the story is told in the form of American musical theater, which is the artists' ambitious attempt to capture the American optimism and spirit. This article intends to explore the notion of "myth narrative" in the genre of Music Theater; and how it reflects both the poet and the composers' intention to obtain their sense of American identity.


The preservation of pathological material has never been of greater importance than at present, when the introduction of new, successful methods of therapy is changing the picture of disease out of all recognition. It is interesting to walk through any medical museum established a hundred years and to note how many specimens relate to conditions which are either never or rarely seen at necropsy to-day or which, if encountered, are greatly modified by treatment. On the other hand, surgical -treatment, by prolonging life, often permits of conditions not previously encountered; it is a matter of interesting conjecture to consider what disorders may in future manifest themselves in increasing numbers. Obvious examples are the degenerative conditions of old age, as the treatment of acute infections becomes progressively more effective. Pathological museums are in part historical, representing the pioneer work of diagnosticians and therapists; in part they are becoming museums in the generally accepted sense of the word, presenting records of past states not now encountered, or conditions of great rarity; and finally they provide the student with the basic material of his current teaching. But no one can prophesy when the last class will be converted almost overnight into one of the former.


The space telescope stands for the highest level of a nation's aerospace industry, with its manufacturing and launch remaining a worldwide conundrum. The concept of modularized space telescope is proposed herein, the main structure of the sub-mirror module is designed briefly and the assembly scheme of the main telescope is also provided. Besides, the kinematic equation and working conditions of the space robotic arm used for assembly are given, with the cubic B-spline curves formulating the joint space trajectory. Then, with minimizing the moving time as the objective of optimization, displacement, speed and acceleration as the constraint conditions, a mathematical model for time-optimal trajectory planning is established and the genetic algorithm is used to work out solutions. The emulation result shows that the joint space trajectory of the robotic arm obtained on the premise that all the restraint conditions are met can minimize the robotic arm's moving time.


Quality has been considered one of the most important and competitive factors amongst the constructing companies during the past two decades. Reviewing literature pertinent to quality management concepts and its application in construction industry has formulated the definition of "Quality Management" as meeting the owner's requirements or compliance with the set standards and specifications. This definition can be realized through the application of quality management concepts which are represented by "Total Quality Management" TQM as a higher management level which has been achieved by quality management works. It has become clear that the responsibility of achieving applications of quality management concepts shall be borne by the construction management and its personnel. In turn, such management can be attained by a specialized management field named "Quality Management". The researchers have recommended a proposed Quality Management System for Construction Site aiming: firstly to raise the quality level of works in construction projects, and secondly to improve the construction staff consciousness, in different managerial levels, about quality management concepts and its importance for improving the quality of construction works. The researchers have come out with certain conclusions, above all is that this proposed quality management system for construction site will improve conducting quality management concepts in achieving construction works by construction companies.


Abstract The optical properties of thin-film light emitting diodes (LEDs) are strongly dependent on their structures due to light interference inside the devices. However, the complexity of the design space grows exponentially with the number of design parameters, making it challenging to optimize the optical properties of multilayer LEDs with rigorous electromagnetic simulations. In this work, we demonstrate an artificial neural network that can predict the light extraction efficiency of an organic LED structure in 30 ms, which is ∼103 times faster than the rigorous simulation in a single-treaded execution with root-mean-squared error of 1.86 × 10−3. The effective inference time per structure is brought down to ∼0.6 μs with unaltered error rate with parallelization. We also show that our neural networks can efficiently solve the inverse problem – finding a device design that exhibits the desired light extraction spectrum – within the similar time scale. We investigate the one-to-many mapping issue of the inverse problem and find that the degeneracy can be lifted by incorporating additional emission spectra at different observing angles. Furthermore, the forward neural network is combined with a conventional genetic algorithm to address additional large-scale optimization problems including maximization of light extraction efficiency and minimization of angle dependent color shift. Our approach establishes a platform for tackling computation-heavy optimization tasks with one-time computational cost.


Development of engineering systems brought great changes in lifecycle modeling of products. These changes widened the area of model definition, made engineering processes more conform to new demands at communication with engineers, enhanced representation of knowledge, and resulted smart functions of product model such as self adaptive characteristic. It is inevitable that development of model based engineering is new challenge for higher education of engineers. At the same time, the new convergence of theory and practice which is enforced by recent engineering modeling offers more university program conform integration of university courses and engineering systems. In this paper, new contributions are introduced to prepare this integration. After introduction of the relevant new methods in engineering, new model is outlined for course program. Following this, changes of course programs are introduced which are enforced by changes of model based engineering. Finally, new approaches are provided for communication between course and engineering object representations and course configuration.


Successful strategy definition depends on adapting the sources available to the organization and the opportunities in the environment. A great step is to know the internal waek and strong points, opportunities and outer threats in defining the strategy. Technology presents new dimensions to business view in a way that the organizations benefiting from a defined business try to put into operation a defined technology strategy in their organization, too; such strategy helps the organizations to select appropriate technology and enjoy it effectively. So, this study is to define the most appropriate technology strategy for water and sewage company, Hamedan. This article tries to define technology strategy for water and sewage company, Hamedan by Hex and Mosely model.


For PID parameter tuning of tension control for metal plate manufacturing,a Fuzzy PID controller is proposed by combining PID control algorithm with modern fuzzy control theory.On the basis of brief introduction of the tension control system,the PID parameter tuning principle and fuzzy PID controller design process are given.Simulation analysis and practical implementation show the proposed fuzzy PID control algorithm is effective.Parameter self-tuning achieves good adaptive ability and good control performance.


1. Introduction THE following question was mentioned by van der Waerden (1): ' If R is a ring with a unit element and A is an n X n square matrix with elements in R, can A, regarded as an element of the ring of nxn square matrices with elements in R, be both a left inverse and a left divisor of zero ? In other words can there exist nxn square matrices, A, B, X such that, denoting by / and 0 respectively the nxn unit and zero matrices, the conditions AB = I, AX = O, X ^ O are satisfied? This can clearly happen, for the value n = 1, if the ring R possesses an element which is both a left inverse and a left divisor of zero in R. We must therefore add the additional condition that the ring R does not possess elements a, 6, a; such that ab = e, ax = 0, x ^ 0 (e being the unit element of R). If the ring R is subjected to various additional conditions, then the non-existence of such matrices A can be proved. For example, if R is commutative such a matrix cannot exist since its determinant would have to be a left inverse and divisor of zero in R. Nor can they exist if R is finite or, more generally, if either the ascending or descending chain condition for left ideals is satisfied in R (see Baer, 2). The same is true if R can be immersed in a skew-field (see, for example, Lesieur (3), who proves a somewhat more general result). In this paper it will be shown that if no additional conditions are imposed on R, then such matrices can exist. We shall prove


Even if we can envisage the social forms that a Kingdom of Love might require, is such a kingdom a pure ideal? Can love become a reality in a world such as ours, where even love itself is a source of human suffering and mutual affliction? Kant postulates an archetypal life of love that is humanly imaginable, but it seems it would take a near-miracle to realize the ideal. This is the miracle Christian theologians such as Karl Barth see in Christmas. The Christmas event, Barth argues is incomprehensible to human reason and we can only bear witness to it. Against this view, it is argued that the new beginning that Christians see in the Incarnation coheres with human experience, as in the 'novelty' of a new birth and the possibility of forgiveness. Yet, as the Christian Eucharist shows, this new beginning in history remains also a focus of eschatological hope.


The trend towards miniaturization and reduction in the material consumption of modern AC electrical devices (ACED) puts increased demands on the quality of their individual elements. It is required to know their mechanical, electrical and magnetic properties. Each group of indicators requires the use of its own methods and means of ACED testing. This situation stimulates the search for the integral characteristics of ACED, which allow one to draw conclusions about the quality of individual parts and the operational properties of the entire product. This leads to the decision that as an integral characteristic contains not only information on the operating parameters of the ACED, but also about the quality of its individual parts, and is actually the Weber-Ampere characteristic of the operating cycle. To obtain the weber - ampere characteristic of ACED, it is necessary to act on the magnetic circuit with an external varying magnetic field and measure the magnetic flux arising in its cross section with a special sensor. In order to obtain a weber - ampere characteristic of the working cycle, the ACED is tested in an assembled form, which makes it impossible to use magnetic flux sensors. Therefore, the use of existing measurement methods is not possible due to which it is necessary to develop a method for determining the weber - ampere characteristic of the ACED working cycle, which has an acceptable accuracy and does not require the use of additional sensors.


The article examines Jung's theories on art and literature as expressed in his principal works on this subject, four essays from volume 15 of the Collected Works. His distinction between what he calls a psychological and a visionary mode of artistic creation as well as the role of the visionary artist in society are discussed in detail. There is a further discussion of Jung's practical application of his theories on Picasso and above all on Joyce's Ulysses.


The literary narrative system based on the theory of aesthetic values is a modern phenomenon. There are three factors contributing to its formation: (1) establishment of an aesthetic theoretical system, (2) formation of the historical rationalist idea, and (3) specialization of modern branches of knowledge. The common ground of these three factors is modern humanism. A clear analysis of these factors in modern literary narration and criticism can help us better understand modern literary discourse and the perspective in which the post-modernist approach deconstructed literary discourse.


Keywords: inequalities ; abilities ; willingness ; behaviours ; high mobility Reference EPFL-TALK-197009 Record created on 2014-02-20, modified on 2016-08-09


Objective To analyze the relationship between the ultrasonograms microcalcification and different pathologic types of breast cancer.Methods One hundred and sixteen patients with breast cancer confirmed by surgery or biopsy were enrolled in this study.The microcalcification proportion in different pathological types of tumor was correlatively analyzed.The tumor size,boundary,shape,margin,posterior echo and blood flow signals were measured,then the microcalcification with different pathological types of breast cancer were correlatively analyzed.Results The microcalcification occurence rate in invasive ductal carcinoma and intraductal carcinoma was higher than that in other types of carcinoma,there was significant difference(P0.05),while the calcification occurence rate in intraductal carcinoma was slightly higher than that in invasive ductal carcinoma,there was no significant difference (P0.05).There was significant difference of Crab-like edge,posterior echo attenuation between invasive ductal carcinoma and intraductal carcinoma (P0.05),while there was no significant difference of size,boundary,shape and blood flow signals (P0.05).Conclusion Sonographic microcalcification is more common in ductal carcinoma (including ductal carcinoma in situ and invasive ductal carcinoma),combined with other ultrasonographic appearances of tumors,it can provide important information for diagnosis of histopathological type of tumors.


The information technology affects the way we learn and live. Through the new technologies the range of means of access to information can be enriched. By preferring experiential learning, the current generation of students explores the potential of different training environments, and use learning methods that rely on technology. The expectations of the society and of the educated have changed quite a lot in recent years and the digital environment favors the formation of new skills in students. We believe that the educational software that is available in cyberspace provides means for a genuine education in accordance with the requirements of the information society. Having a formative character and applied valences, exploiting new technologies and coming towards the needs and interests of students, the WebQuest technique is increasingly used in the Romanian education. The research sample includes a number of 119 subjects (students – undergraduate and master – and preschool teachers). We have decided to record and interpret qualitatively the responses of the subjects included in the research and also issue some suggestions and proposals for the future use of this technique. © 2017 Published by Future Academy www.FutureAcademy.org.uk


It's the kernel question that the definition of manufacturing resources function model and the discovery of resource under the Networking manufacturing environment. Focusing on this problem, this article builds the manufacturing function model after analyzing the information requirement of resources integrating and deploying. Then, combined with current Semantic Web technology, bring forward the manufacturing resource management system based on Web Services architecture.


Pla Tubtim (Oreochromis sp.) was a new fish species for aquaculture in Thailand. It was an improved breeding from tilapia and expected to be a common fish dish for the Thais while being an important source of income earning for fish farmers in this country. Logit model was applied to look for market development strategy for this new species. This model consisted of four parts: experience, perception, preference and choice of the buyers. Buyer decision was significantly affected by preference, information on culture, dish variety, buying convenience, and education of the buyers. Buyers with preference on Pla Tubtim were usually buyers who used to buy this new species for home consumption. Knowing that Pla Tubtim was cultured, buyers were more willing to buy this fish. Dish variety and convenient buying were also important factors of buying decision. This fish was preferable among higher educated buyers. Recommended market development strategies for Pla Tubtim were the promotion of this species in various market outlets convenient for the buyers. Information on this new species in production and in consumption was important. Information on being cultured and cooking variety could promote the sales. Once the consumers had learnt about this new fish and tried it, they were more willing to buy. Market strategies should be availability of information on this new species and convenient access in buying. Target buyers were more likely higher educated consumers. .


An earthquake of magnitude M4.1 occurred in Changqing County, Shandong Province (36.46°N, 116.65°E) on February 18, 2020. In this paper, we found from the image analysis of seismic activity and wave velocity ratio calculation before this earthquake that the magnitude M4.1 (No special markings on the magnitude of the earthquake: M for magnitude 5 (including magnitude 5) and above, M L for below magnitude 5) in the 1-year scale before the Changqing M4.1 earthquake, inland Shandong and In the Bohai Sea, there is an orderly distribution of magnitude 2 earthquakes, multiple small earthquake sequences, a concentration with active of magnitude 3 earthquakes, the Changdao "earthquake window" "open" several times, and an abnormally low value of wave velocity ratio etc. Phenomena.


This paper investigates the vibration control of geometrically nonlinear beam with Macro Fiber Composite (MFC) actuators using two different adaptive control algorithms. A complete mathematical modeling is presented in order to find the dynamic equation of motion. Then, a robust adaptive fuzzy control algorithm for controlling the proposed mechanical structure is introduced. This controller includes a fuzzy scheme and a robust controller. Based on sliding mode controller a fuzzy system is introduced to mimic an ideal controller. The robust controller is designed based on compensation of the difference between the fuzzy controller and the ideal controller. The parameters of the fuzzy system and uncertainty bound of the robust controller are adjusted adaptively. The adaptive laws are designed based on the Lyapunov stability theorem to reach the stability of the closed-loop system. Meanwhile, for comparison purposes the presented controller is compared with self tuning Ziegler-Nichols PID controller for both robustness and vibration suppression performance aspects. Effectiveness of these two control strategies is evaluated by numerical simulations. Detailed analysis for the closed-loop system is carried out to evaluate the vibration controlling performance under different output excitation, robustness of the closed-loop system under sudden loading and the effect of initial condition on vibration characteristic.


Objective: The aim of the present study was to compare responders and nonresponders in terms of work ability (WA) to a multidisciplinary vocational rehabilitation program (MVRP) in Norway. Methods: The WA of 74 participants was tested at baseline and in the final week of a 4–6-week intervention. The participants whose WA increased were defined as WA-responders, whereas participants with no increases or with decreases in their WA after the intervention were defined as WA-nonresponders. Measures of functional health, psychological functioning, and demographics were also collected. Results: Overall, the results of this study indicate that the WA improved and the proportion of participants with poor WA decreased by 26% after the intervention. However, the main outcome of this study was that not all of the participants reported improved WA after the intervention. WA of 43% of the participants did not improve and they were defined as WA-nonresponders, whereas the WA of the other 57% participants improved and they were defined as WA-responders. At baseline, the two groups did not differ significantly in terms of their basic characteristics, whereas there were significant differences between the two groups in terms of pain intensity and sense of mastery variables. Logistic regression analysis identified pain intensity and sense of mastery as significant predictors of WA-response. Conclusion: Multidisciplinary vocational rehabilitation seems effective for some but not all participants. Unfavorable WA responses were more prevalent in participants who reported high pain intensity and low sense of mastery at baseline. It is still a challenge to understand what distinguishes responders from nonresponders to MVRPs; thus, further research is required.


Electron spin resonance and optical studies reveal the presence of both Cu 2+ and Cu + centers in Rb 2 ZnCl 4 :Cu single crystals grown from melt and their conversion by X- or γ-irradiation. Two types of paramagnetic Cu 2+ centers with different concentrations and production properties have been identified. The more abundant Cu 2+ (I) center consists of a Cu 2+ (II) center seems to be situated at a Rb site. Production experiments strongly suggest that during the crystal growth copper enters the Rb 2 ZnCl 4 lattice as Cu 2+ , mainly at Zn 2+ sites, part of it being afterwards converted to Cu + precursor centers. The presence of a neighboring charge compensating anion vacancy and its departure during the radiolytic Cu + (I)→Cu 2+ (I) conversion seems to play an essential role in the stabilization of the Cu + (I) and Cu 2+ (I) centers, respectively.


An object of the present invention to provide a cosmetic composition for promoting skin whitening. An object of the present invention to provide a cosmetic composition for promoting skin lightening via inhibition of the intermediate factors that promote the production of melanin. An object of the present invention is to provide a health functional food for improving skin whitening. An object of the present invention is to provide an inner beauty food health functional food for skin whitening to improve with improved skin whitening effect by ingestion in (inner beauty food).


The history of viniculture is a controversial matter in the research for the early Hungarian history and the lifestyle of early Hungarians. The author of this article adopts some new aspects for historical sources referring to early medieval viniculture, analysing e.g. the relevant parts of Capitulare de vil/is and Saint Gerard's Deliberado.


This paper proposes two index modulation schemes for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) visible light communication (VLC) systems, referred to as time index modulated DCM (TIM-DCM) and space-time index modulated DCM (STIM-DCM) schemes. The proposed schemes use dual-LED complex modulator (DCM) as a basic unit (termed as DCM block) to transmit complex modulation symbols. In TIM-DCM scheme, a time slot in given frame can be used or unused, and the pattern in which the slots are used for transmission also conveys information bits (referred to as slot index bits) besides the information bits conveyed through complex modulation symbols. In STIM-DCM scheme, in addition to the slot index bits and modulation bits, spatial index bits are conveyed by activating one among the available DCM blocks in every used time slot. Hence, the proposed schemes can achieve high rates. We study the bit error rate (BER) performance of the proposed schemes and compare with that of the state-of-art modulation schemes such as spatial modulation DCM (SM-DCM) scheme. Results show that the proposed schemes can achieve better BER performance. Also, results on the spatial distribution of best performing modulation scheme indicates that the proposed schemes are favorable for different receiver locations across the room.


The way spatial information has been approached by literature in crimeanalysis varies highly, following both the development of urban criminologyas a discipline (Shaw and McKay 1942, Newman 1972, C ...


The necessity of constructing digital campus in primary and secondary schools is affirmed by analyzing the concept,construction and theory of digital campus.In the face of the reality of primary and secondary schools,some strategies of constructing digital campus and its effective application have been put forward.


Although cloud computing has made great inroads in terms of consumer adoption, we argue that the paradigm still has a long way to go to reach an economically efficient free market state. We highlight four key problems with the current cloud computing approach. These are (1) coarse granularity of service provision, (2) limited control of resources, (3) inadequate support for small providers and prosumers, and (4) vendor lockin via APIs. In this position paper, we briefly outline interesting work that may lead to a solution, in terms of moving towards a more market-based approach to cloud resource allocation.


Marketers are quick to jump to the what and where of social media marketing, but they are often late on answering why. Why is social media a necessity to your marketing? Why should your consumers care that you are on social media? Why are you investing your budget and time? This book explores the principles and strategies that answer why you are on social media. It lays out the framework to help you build a process around those strategies and your social presence. It answers why your consumers should care, why you should want them to care more, and why you want them on your side.


Experimental data showing the impact of probe placement on the extracted per unit length R, L, and C for deep submicron cross-sectional copper interconnects are discussed. We present data for high frequency measurements up to 40 GHz that show the precise location of microwave probes on 50 micron square pads can have significant effects on the extracted per unit length R, L, and C parameters at frequencies above about 20 GHz. The effect appears to be primarily due to length offset errors from the different landing placement of the probes. Variations in landing position as small as 20 microns introduce enough phase error to produce significant effects for a 2000 micron long interconnect test structure. This is particularly problematic since most microwave probes require skating distances on the order often microns to ensure good contact.


OBJECTIVE
To assess the impact of psychological intervention on high users of the GP service.

DESIGN
A sample of high-attenders was offered the opportunity to attend an interview with a clinical psychologist. A three-year (one year before and two years after psychological intervention) survey of patient records was carried out to determine the pattern of patient attendances. In addition, GP and patient satisfaction questionnaires were utilised to rate the psychological service.

SETTING
A GP surgery situated in the coastal region of Scotland.

SUBJECTS
All adult patients, who had consulted over 12 times in the 12 months prior to the beginning of the study except those who had ongoing medical problems that the GP felt were being dealt with adequately, were invited to a psychological interview. In all, 174 invitations were sent, and 101 agreed to psychological intervention.

RESULTS
After three months both the GPs and patients positively rated the input of the psychologist. There were short-term benefits from the psychological intervention in terms of attendance rates, which were not in evidence in the long term. For the participating group there was a significant decrease in attendance rate three months after psychological intervention compared to the non-participating group (P < 0.001). However, at 12 and 24 months after intervention both groups reduced attendance at a similar rate.

CONCLUSION
Psychologist intervention had a short, but not long term, benefit, in reducing attendance rates. However, both GPs and patients found the provision of a report from the psychologist useful.


to provide a brief and basic introduction to the Old Testament designed to function as a companion to more elaborate introductions or as a means of acquiring an initial orientation to Old Testament study. The approach is historicalcritical, although the presentation of particular issues is limited by the goal of brevity. Two preparatory chapters provide some background to the Old Testament and an introduction to historical-critical approaches, respectively. The Pentateuch, historical books and prophets are treated, while the Psalms and Wisdom literature have been omitted, again, to conserve space. The unifying thread is the story/history of Israel, which Parker presents in engaging summary while highlighting the questions that have most concerned historical critics. This means that the prophets rather than the prophetic books are treated in relation to the historical narrative of the books of Kings. Each chapter ends with study questions and suggestions for further reading that provide students with tools for looking into questions raised in the body of the chapter. In its focus on the story of Israel this book offers readers a good sense of the continuities at this level among the blocks and layers of biblical tradition.


Recognition of activities performed during military training may benefit the identification and quantification of factors that may predispose to the high prevalence of injury. There is evidence to suggest that the use of machine learning classifiers along with features from accelerometry data can achieve accurate activity recognition; however, there is no evidence to this application within military activities. PURPOSE: To develop and determine the accuracy of decision tree (DT), support vector machine (SVM), k-nearest neighbour (KNN) and ensemble bagged tree (EBT) models to classify military training type activities. METHODS: 15 male participants (mean ± SD: age: 25.9 ± 3.0 height: 177.9 ± 6.8cm body mass: 80.9 ± 8.7 kg) completed three sessions that consisted of performing military activities (walking, running, marching, weighted marching, halt to attention, countermovement jump and sedentary) with a low cost accelerometer (Axivity AX3, UK) mounted on the distal third of the medial tibia. Accelerometer data were segmented into two-second windows with a 50% overlap to introduce activity variance. Raw data along with filtered (butterworth, chebyshev and elliptic) were processed through a variety of features and classifiers (DT, SVM, KNN, EBT). Models were trained (80%) and hold-out validated (20%) using the classification learner within MATLAB (MathWorks Ltd, UK). Accuracy was determined by the percentage of true values during validation. RESULTS: 40,207 two second episodes of activities were recognized (1340 minutes). Hold-out validation accuracy for the EBT model and raw data (no improvement through filtering) was 0.96 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.960.96). Other models demonstrated good validation accuracies [DT 0.90 (95% CI, 0.880.91), SVM 0.94 (95% CI, 0.93-0.95) and KNN 0.91 (95% CI, 0.90-0.92)]. Validation accuracy was moderate to excellent (>80%) for walking and excellent (>90%) for all other activities. CONCLUSIONS: All machine learning models (especially EBT) provided excellent classification accuracy with the use of a tibial mounted accelerometer. These low-cost sensors and models thus offer potential for characterising military activity and examining relationships of activity parameters with injury. Supported by EPSRC and Loughborough University Studentship 1814563


The effects of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) and Milletia (Milletia ferruginea Hochst), Dimilin (Diflubenzuron) and Karate (λ-Cyhalothrin EC) on Cotesia flavipes Cameron, a parasitoid of the stem-boring moth, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe), were evaluated. Botanicals were applied to the parasitized larvae as four application regimes (immediately, 4, 8 and 12 days after parasitism), which were chosen based on the parasitoid's life-cycle (parasitoid larval instar). The effects of the treatments on larval emergence, developmental period, adult progeny emergence, sex ratio and adult mortality were observed for C. flavipes while the effect on survival was observed for the host insect. Karate induced 100% mortality of the parasitized larvae within 3 days after treatment application, while neem and Milletia induced more than 50% mortality within 12 days. However, mortality due to Dimilin was not significantly different from the control. Mortality due to the parasitoid alone (control mortality) was very low and delayed, unlike the combined effect of insecticide treatment (botanicals or Dimilin) + the parasitoid. Among the treatments evaluated, the parasitoid emerged from Dimilin-, neem- and Milletia-treated larvae, but not from Karate-treated larvae. However, neem and Milletia delayed parasitoid emergence. Our results indicate that the two tested botanicals and an IGR are compatible with the parasitoid and can therefore be used in combination against C. partellus.


A hybrid population of chickadees (Parus atricapillus x P. carolinensis) was studied intensively in the summer of 1967 in the mountains of southwestern Virginia. In recent years atricapillus has invaded from higher elevations and appropriated forested areas previously occupied by carolinensis. At one location (3200 ft, 970 m) where the ranges of atricapillus and carolinensis meet, the birds have formed a small hybrid population, defined on the basis of aberrant song, intermediate tail/wing ratio, and body weight. No consistent differences in ecological preferences were detected between the "parent" populations except that atricapillus was the sole chickadee above about 3300 ft (1000 m), whereas carolinensis occurred below 3000 ft (915 m). Altitude and/or latitude appear to be the chief, if not sole, reproductive isolatin, mechanisms between these birds.


Summary

A 3-D ray-path tracing algorithm was successfully applied to global P-wave traveltime tomography. The inversion was conducted iteratively using the resultant P-wave velocity model as the initial model for the subsequent iteration. The LSQR method was adopted to solve a large and sparse system of equations. This iteratively linearized inversion with 3-D ray tracing increased wave-speed anomalies, located heterogeneities better and reduced smearing as compared to those derived from a conventional one-step inversion using 1-D ray tracing, although the general pattern of velocity anomalies was similar. A major difference was found in the lowermost mantle, where the departure of a ray path from the great circle path tends to be in general greatest. In particular, a pronounced high-velocity anomaly develops beneath the Indian Ocean, a feature not obvious in the result of 1-D inversion. The final P-wave velocity model was obtained by including reported PP and Pdiff traveltime data. The addition of the PP data sharpened the images and enhanced velocity anomalies in the upper mantle, especially at latitudes above 45° of the Northern Hemisphere. The addition of the Pdiff data sharpened and amplified velocity anomalies in the lowermost mantle in general.


Venice faced serious political and economic setbacks in the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries. The future of the Eternal Republic seemed bleak when, in 1509, nearly bankrupt, her commercial empire in the Aegean and the eastern Mediterranean slipping away, Venice's army was routed at Agnadello by the forces of the League of Cambrai. Even the elements seemed to have turned against Venice around this time, visiting the city with earthquake, storm, flood, famine, and the plague. Well might the prominent banker Girolamo Priuli have feared that "great God has permitted and ordered this severe ruin of the Venetian Empire"


Scientists are delving deeply into different types of analysis of which sentiment analysis is the prominent one, which in the current times has emerged as a remarkable field of study. Positive, negative, and neutral sentiment analysis are the three types of emotional analysis. Users may share good and negative evaluations, which can be desirable or undesirable depending on the user experience, on the internet, and on e-websites such as Twitter and Facebook. Our research will look at the most popular points of view to determine the scope and kind of sentiment analysis based on Food Reviews. The study's major goal was to discover food-related sentiments among social media users. We want to show how to gather, pre-process, and categorize data from various social media platforms, and how to analyse attitudes based on Food Reviews. We collected Food Review-related data from Amazon Fine Food Reviews, an information-sharing social media network, to investigate public opinions regarding food review emotions. Various tools are employed in our research work such as matplotlib, pandas, word cloud and NLTK package. After conducting the research, it was found that the majority population had positive sentiments related to the food products and in many cases, they revealed negative sentiments as well.


Contents: Preface Introduction: Carlyle's ghost Part I The Revolutionary Era: Historical Overview and Analysis of Milton's Early Works: A brief history of the 'Puritan revolution' Milton among the Puritans Vocation, prophecy, and secular reform in the early poems and prose The humanist ethics, metaphysics, and aesthetics of Milton's Spenserian masque Mid-century debates on law, religion, rhetoric, education and science. Part II Restoration Culture and Milton's Major Works: The secular cosmology and anthropology of Milton's civilized Eden The neoclassical poetics of Paradise Regained The classical republican tragedy of defeat in Samson Agonistes Afterword: Milton and the early development of toleration in England Bibliography Index.


Frequency dependent resonance of magnetic vortex core gyration in micrometer sized permalloy squares was observed by time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr microscope using pulsed semiconductor lasers as a light source in the stroboscopic method. Uniform and efficient laser illumination was realized by a speckle reducer consisting of an oscillating multimode optical fiber and a microbending mode scrambler. The resonance frequency of the same sized permalloy squares showed a non-uniformity of up to 15%, suggesting the flatness of the underlayer has a strong influence on the gyration motion.


Objective:To compare effect of different drying methods on the content of sennoside B in Cassia angustifolia extracts.Method:With the content of sennoside B as index,effect of reduced pressure condensing and vacuum drying at different temperatures on the content of sennoside B were investigated by single-factor test;Orthogonal test was used to investigate influence of inlet temperature,outlet temperature and spray velocity on spray drying technology of C.angustifolia extracts.Result:Optimal temperature of reduced pressure concentrating and vacuum drying for C.angustifolia extracts were 60 ℃,their time-consuming were 87 min,58 h,respectively;Optimum spray drying technology parameters were as followings:inlet air temperature 120 ℃,outlet air temperature 55 ℃,spraying velocity 16 mL·min-1.Conclusion:Loss of sennoside B by vacuum drying was more than spray drying;spray drying was time saving and beneficial to retention of effective ingredients,optimized spray drying process was stable and feasible,and it could be used for drying of C.angustifolia extracts with thermal instability.


Objectives:To explore the protective effect of rhEPO on hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury in rats and treatment time.Methods:Thirty-six wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups,the control group A,the rhEPO pretreatment group B and postprocessing group C,n=12 respectively.Liver pedicles were occlused in group,rats were injected rhEPO 1 000 U/kg into subcutaneously 30 minutes before ischemia in B group or 5 minutes after in C group A.After 45 minutes ischemia,then followed reperfusion.Serum aspartic acid aminotransferase(AST)and alanine aminotransferase(ALT),tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α) and interleukin 1 β(IL-1β)were measured and liver histo-pathology was observed by HE staining.Nuclear factor κB(NF-κB) was detected by immunohistochemistry and apoptotic index was calculated by TUNEL.Results:Compared to group A,the arrargement of liver cell-line is relatively better and the cells were damaged insignificantly in group B and C.The serum concentration of AST,ALT,TNF-α,IL-1β,NF-κB and AI in group A have difference significantly(P0.05),and group B and C had statistical significance(except IL-1β).Conclusion:RhEPO protects the liver from ischemia reperfusion injury in rats and pretreatment is better than postprocessing.


The migrant and refugee crisis is at the centre of the current context throughout the world, since that the number of people displaced by force does not stop growing, breaking records every year. With this conjuncture, the attitudes of Western citizens towards migration seem to be becoming increasingly hostile, at the same time that anti-immigration policies are growing. For this reason, it is important to know which are the variables that can directly or indirectly affect these attitudes, and one of the most important could be the information coverage. The intention of this doctoral research is to know exactly how refugees and migrants are being represented through frames both in the main news media of Western Europe, and in social media such as Twitter. Having knowledge about that representation and the most commonly used frames, we will try to verify what are the real effects that repeated consumption causes to these specific frameworks, on the attitudes of Western citizens about migration and refuge. What is intended with this doctoral dissertation is to be able to extract knowledge about how a specific treatment of news, events and actors related to the migration crisis can affect, in order to make recommendations based on empirical evidence so that those responsible for media and/or politics can make ethical decisions, or even promote campaigns based on the frames that increase the most supportive or benevolent attitudes toward migration.


The General Purpose Light Source VME module is an integral part of every front-end micro in the NSLS control system. The board incorporates features such as a video character generator, clock signals, time-of-day clock, a VME bus interrupter and general-purpose digital inputs and outputs. This module serves as a valuable diagnostic and real-time display tool for the micro development as well as for the final operational systems. This paper describes the functions provided by the board for the NSLS micro control monitor software.


Modeling is a commonly used method for solving complex problems. When solving original physical problems, physical modeling can be quickly and effectively solved. In the teaching process, using the original physical problems to cultivate students' physical modeling ability can effectively improve students' ability to solve physical practical problems. This paper first introduces the basic concepts of physical modeling and its practical significance, and then demonstrates the application of physical modeling through two original physical problems. Finally, it briefly describes the role of physical modeling in solving the original physical problems in the analysis teaching process. Finally, it is concluded that the improvement of students' ability to construct physical models can effectively improve students' physics learning ability. The use of primitive physics problems in the teaching process can promote the improvement of physical modeling ability.


One hundred and seventy-six strains of marine bacteria were isolated from 86 samples of seawater,sediments and marine organisms collected from coastal areas in Lianyungang,Jiangsu province.The antimicrobial activities of the strains isolated above against to bacterium Vibrio anguillarum were tested on 2216E culture medium through dual culture methods,in which six strains XDY-7-4,YC-6-3,BM-1,BN-1,BN-2 and XS-56 were found to show high antimicrobial activity,especially the BN-1 strains with inhibition zone of 11.2 mm,followed by the XS1-5,XDY-7-4 and YC-6-3 strains with inhibition zone of 10.4 mm,10.2 mm and 9.9 mm,respectively.However,low antimicrobial activities were observed in the BN-2 and BM-1 strains.The inhibition activity of sterilization fermentation broth from these marine bacteria by stiletto showed that BN-1 had the highest inhibitory activity,followed by YC-6-3 and XDY-7-4 and the BM-1,XS1-5 and BN-2 had lower activity compared with the other bacteria.


understanding racial and ethnic differences in health in understanding racial and ethnic differences in health in understanding racial and ethnic differences in health in chs 290 race, class, culture, and aging fall 2004 concise guide to nutrition in the horse vivoce rumspringa to be or not to be amish ebook | browserfame needed interventions to reduce racial/ethnic disparities a practical guide to leadership development skills for chapter 11 download xcelr inflight flight attendant training manual ebook | browserfame national academies reports and current projects on aging library florida a&m university racial and ethnic determinants of healthful aging: the palabras poesia duckoo going to extremes guyver paper series references wyandotte health foundation seminar on scientific computation novemb xcelr hd 3d wallpapers for android cyclaa qualitative consumer and marketing research adammaloyd cosmetology written test study guide vpjobs mercury kiekhaefer manual ralife understanding racial and ethnic differences in health in multiple intelligences the theory in practice a reader personalized digital advertising how data and technology triathlon 204 success secrets 204 most asked questions on pit pony pit pony veencl secure base secure base ctgas fetch a novelette ctgas unleashed desires veencl exactly solved models in statistical mechanics seville spain seville spain tapsey nanotubes fullerenes nanostructured cyclaa genentech research project healthdisp april 2016 unknowable gurdjieff loany toad lady toad lady firext manual of water supply practices m11 grocotts losing a parent to death in the early ye pletts sun drenched days two blanket nights a sportsman takes note subaru legacy service repair manual pdf 95 99 ama guides to the evaluation of work ability and return to worterbuch auslandsbau vertrag planung und ausfuhrung ibps exam paper 2012 duckoo soviet succession struggles kremlinology and the russian


Purpose – While previous research has shown a positive influence of a brand ally or a warranty, published research has not explored the effects of using multiple types of quality signals. The purpose of this paper is to explore the joint effect of a default‐independent signal (i.e. a brand ally) combined with a default‐contingent signal (i.e. a warranty) on the focal brand's evaluations.Design/methodology/approach – This paper reports the findings of a 2 (ally: none vs one) × 2 (warranty: no vs yes) between‐subjects factorial design in which 174 subjects were randomly assigned to experimental conditions.Findings – The study's findings indicate that, individually, both brand alliance and warranty were a significant signal of product quality. However, the use of multiple types of signals, as opposed to one signal, did not add incrementally to consumer's perceived quality evaluations of a focal brand. In addition, risk reduction mediated the effects of brand ally and/or warranty on the focal brand's evaluati...


The temperature sensitivity of long wavelength (1.5µm) semiconductor lasers, denoted by the characteristic temperature, To, has remained poor, with To values typically ranging from 40K up to a maximum of order 100K. There still remains controversy as to the cause of this temperature sensitivity. Several groups have suggested that the problem is due to the differential gain decreasing rapidly with increasing temperature [1-2], or is due to the temperature dependence of a strong stimulated emission component below threshold [3], However, this work has involved lasers with low To values, of order 40K, and so it has not yet been convincingly demonstrated as to what is the limiting mechanism for lasers with higher To values. We have provided direct evidence in a previous paper that the radiative component of the threshold current is perfectly well behaved in 1.5µm strained and unstrained quantum well lasers, with a characteristic temperature, To, close to 300K at room temperature


In electro-optic measuring methods, Pockels and Kerr effects are widely used for voltage measurement, and Faraday affect is widely used for current measurements. In this study, small currents have been measured experimentally by using Faraday electro-optical effect. Interferometer measurement techniques have been examined and a new sensing system is constructed.


Abstract Hard bremsstrahlung produced during the deceleration of fission-product beta rays in nuclear fuel is proposed as a source of delayed photoneutrons (PNs) in heavy water reactors. Electron Gamma Shower (EGS5) code simulations of coupled electron-photon transport in seven fuel element geometries immersed in an infinite heavy water medium confirm high-energy beta rays produce sufficient bremsstrahlung yields with photon energies greater than the D(γ,n)1H reaction threshold such that the beta-ray contribution to an isotopic PN yield can be comparable to or greater than yields from hard gamma rays emitted during the isomeric transition of the daughter, especially for some short-lived fission products with high-intensity direct-to-ground-state beta transitions where the beta ray and antineutrino carry away the majority of the Q-value. Some fission products that do not have hard gamma rays in their decay schemes are in fact PN precursors due to the beta-ray-bremsstrahlung contribution. The lack of evaluated nuclear data for many short-lived fission products, data reliability issues of fission products with decay scheme data, cross-section library effects, and possible decay-chain/parent-feeding phenomenon are affecting the accuracy of PN group parameters derived from a small number of legacy experiments. The reanalysis of two legacy PN experiments supports the existence of a very-short-lived direct-delayed neutron group.


In recent years, a wave of technological innovations have turned many of the gadgets we use into smart devices. However, some areas of industry remain somewhat isolated from modernization with little to no improvements in their overall functionality. Traffic lights at an intersection are a perfect example of a technology that has remained behind the times. While there is a lot of potential for reducing CO2 gas emissions, oil consumption, and commuting times, research in this area has resulted in minor changes. In this thesis, we improve on what others have learned to provide a solution in vehicle coordination that is smart, practical and innovative. We leverage the power of Vehicle Ad-hoc Networks (VANET's) to develop a Vehicle Traffic Dashboard Light System that can gather realtime traffic information to effectively coordinate vehicles crossing a 4-way intersection. In detail, we developed a Lazy Algorithm that focuses on reducing vehicular average waiting times, maximizing intersection throughput and minimizes the number of vehicles that need to make unnecessary stops. We then compare the Lazy Algorithm to two other algorithms by conducting various simulations. Furthermore, we study the impact on the average waiting time vehicles experience while crossing two consecutive intersections equipped with a Vehicle Traffic Dashboard Light System. The results from our many


I describe a method that can be used to approximate the solution of the stochastic growth model. The method relies on approximating the return and transition functions of the original problem by taking second-order and first-order Taylor expansions around the steady state of the system. The result is the optimal linear regulator problem.


Sen, D., Weaver, R. W. and Bal, A. K. 1986. Structure and organization of effective peanut and cowpea root nodules induced by rhizobial strain 32H1.—J. exp. Bot. 37: 356-363. A comparison of the structure and organization of nodular tissues and bacteroids of peanut and cowpea induced by Rhizobium sp. strain 32H1 was made 4 to 5 weeks after inoculation when nitrogenase activity reaches the peak. Observations revealed major differences that may have a role in the different rates of nitrogen fixation shown by the two species. All cell types in cowpea nodules were larger than those of peanut. The inner cortex of cowpea had an 'endodermis-like' layer of cells which was absent in peanut. All cells in the bacteroidal zone of peanut were infected but in cowpea many remained free of bacteroids. The bacteroid containing cells of peanut were isodiametrical and uniform in size with a central vacuole and a nucleus surrounded by tightly arranged bacteroids enclosed singly in peribacteroidal membrane sacs. Such cells in cowpea were mostly elongated with a nucleus and one or more vacuoles. The bacteroids within cowpea cells were arranged without any particular order with more space for host cellular material. They were mostly present singly in peribacteroidal membrane sacs which sometimes fused to enclose more than one bacteroid. The hosts seem to play the dominant role in the differentiation of nodular tissue and the morphogenesis of bacteroids in symbiotic systems induced by the same strain of Rhizobium. Key words—Peanut, cowpea, nodule structure. Correspondence to: Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station and Texas A. & M. University, College Station, Texas, U.S.A. 77843.


Chorionic somatomammotropin (CSH) is a placenta-specific hormone and secreted into both fetal and maternal circulation. Reduced maternal CSH is observed with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) in both humans and sheep, and it has long been held that CSH modulates maternal and fetal metabolism. We hypothesized that CSH deficiency, created by RNA interference (RNAi), could impact fetal liver glucose metabolism. To generate CSH-deficient pregnancies, day 9 hatched blastocysts were infected with lentiviral particles expressing CSH-specific shRNA (RNAi) or scramble control shRNA (SC) and transferred to synchronized recipients. CSH RNAi generated two distinct phenotypes at 135 dGA; CSH RNAi pregnancies with IUGR (RNAi-IUGR; n = 8) or without IUGR (RNAi; n = 8). Data from both RNAi phenotypes were compared separately with SC using Welch's t-test. Liver and placental weights were reduced (P < 0.05) in RNAi-IUGR pregnancies, but not in RNAi pregnancies, as compared to SC (n = 8). Umbilical artery plasma insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) concentrations were decreased (P < 0.05), whereas insulin receptor beta (IRβ) concentration, as determined by Western immunoblot analysis, in fetal liver was increased (P < 0.05) in both RNAi phenotypes. Fetal liver glycogen quantity was also increased (P < 0.05) in both RNAi phenotypes. Glycogen synthase-1 (GYS-1) concentration in fetal liver was increased (P < 0.05) in both RNAi phenotypes, whereas there was no change in GYS-2 concentration. Phosphorylated-GYS (inactive GYS) was reduced (P < 0.05) in fetal livers for both RNAi phenotypes. Lactate dehydrogenase beta (LDHβ) concentration was increased (P < 0.05) and IGF2 concentration was decreased (P < 0.05) in RNAi-IUGR fetal livers only. From these results we conclude that fetal liver glucose metabolism is impacted by CSH RNAi, independent of IUGR, and is likely tied to enhanced insulin sensitivity in both CSH RNAi phenotypes. Differences between the two phenotypes may help differentiate direct and indirect effects of CSH. Supported by NIH R01 HD093701.


After analyzing the experiences and shortcomings of the legal protection of the technological innovation among Tianjin,Beijing and Shanghai,Proposals for legislation to technological innovation in the core big cities were provided: To improve the fiscal and taxation legal system regarding to science and technology,to establish laws on risk investment and system of scientific intermediary services,to strengthen the linkage mechanism of manufacturing,learning and researching,to reinforce the IPR(intellectual property protection),to highlight innovation ability of enterprises and create " little giant" in the field of science and technology.


The invention relates to a high-efficiency gravure printing film laminating technology. The high-efficiency gravure printing film laminating technology comprises the following steps of: A. manufacturing paperboards into corrugated paper by using a corrugating machine, and then combining the corrugated paper and inner layer paper; B. carrying out surface paper printing operation in parallel with the step A, and then laminating a film on the printed surface paper by using a winding drum laminating machine; C. carrying out gluing and combining; D. putting paper obtained after combination in the step C into a progressive heating box to carry out heat treatment on the paper, wherein the progressive heating box is provided with a heat plate, a lower conveyer belt is arranged on the heat plate, Teflon is arranged on the lower conveyer belt, a synchronous upper conveyer belt is also arranged above the lower conveyer belt, and a pressing plate for preventing paper from loosening is arranged in the upper conveyer belt; and E. carrying out cutting. The actual production testing of the technology proves that the production speed of preprinting corrugated boards reaches 70m/min, and the production efficiency is increased by 50%.


7075Background: Tumor profiling identifies patients who are eligible for targeted anticancer therapies. Common tumor profiling approaches include targeted gene panel testing (TGPT), which tests for...


Recent research studied the problem of publishing microdata without revealing sensitive information, leading to the privacy preserving paradigms of k-anonymity and l-diversity. k-anonymity protects against the identification of an individual's record. l-diversity, in addition, safeguards against the association of an individual with specific sensitive information. However, existing approaches suffer from at least one of the following drawbacks: (i) The information loss metrics are counter-intuitive and fail to capture data inaccuracies inflicted for the sake of privacy. (ii) l-diversity is solved by techniques developed for the simpler k-anonymity problem, which introduces unnecessary inaccuracies. (iii) The anonymization process is inefficient in terms of computation and I/O cost.

In this paper we propose a framework for efficient privacy preservation that addresses these deficiencies. First, we focus on one-dimensional (i.e., single attribute) quasi-identifiers, and study the properties of optimal solutions for k-anonymity and l-diversity, based on meaningful information loss metrics. Guided by these properties, we develop efficient heuristics to solve the one-dimensional problems in linear time. Finally, we generalize our solutions to multi-dimensional quasi-identifiers using space-mapping techniques. Extensive experimental evaluation shows that our techniques clearly outperform the state-of-the-art, in terms of execution time and information loss.


[Objective] to present the experience with surgical treatment of the type C of humural intercondylar fracture using the double tension band internal-fixation. [Methods] 32 cases of the patients all were treated surgically. [Results] After operation 32 cases have been followed up for 12 months to 26 months with an average of 17 months, according to menzhenwu scale, 18 are evaluated as excellent, 9 as good, the excellent and good rate was 84.4%. [Conclusion] The therapeutic method has advantage such as easy to operate, reliable fixation and satisfactory effect, it deserve, to be put into application and popularization.


Polytechnic entrepreneurship programs play fundamental roles in developing entrepreneurial qualities of students. However, little is known about the contributions of such programs in developing students' entrepreneurial leadership capabilities. A qualitative research was conducted to explore the roles of entrepreneurship programs of Accra Polytechnic in developing students' entrepreneurial leadership. Two student entrepreneurial leaders who are actively involved in entrepreneurial leadership activities through holding the leadership positions of the Polytechnic entrepreneurship clubs and also participated in the Polytechnic entrepreneurship development courses were purposefully selected as the participants of this study. The semi-structured interview data analysis indicates that the polytechnic entrepreneurship development programs facilitate entrepreneurial leadership development of students in many ways including experiential learning, social interaction learning, and opportunity recognition. Moreover, entrepreneurial leadership development occurs in a process of transforming the knowledge acquired from experience and social interaction to identify the opportunities for personal development and business creation. Implication of the findings and suggestions for improving the polytechnic entrepreneurship programs are presented in the closing section of this paper. Keywords : Entrepreneurship, Development Programs, Entrepreneurial Leadership, Polytechnic, Education, Students.


The principal is the soul of a school." His quality and level of management have a direct bearing on the quality and efficiency of the performance of a school. This article attempts to sort out and analyze Tao Xingzhi's points of view of "Being a wholehearted principal with all your heart," and infuse it with modern connotation with a hope to provide some enlightenment and reference for the vast numbers of primary and secondary school principals who can improve their qualities and perform their duties better.


The built environment shapes our transport choices and has a significant impact on the environmental, economic and social wellness of communities. Compact land use patterns, as opposed to urban sprawl, can improve public health by providing the environment to make walking a feasible mode of transport. Toowoomba's traditional inner city suburbs have the built form characteristics of compactness, connectivity, density, lot layout and mix of uses to be walkable. Using existing literature, geographic information systems, data, survey results and a walkability scoring tool, this paper will show that although being walkable and exhibiting New Urbanism characteristics very few people walk to work in Toowoomba's urban centre for a variety of reasons. This paper will argue that personal value propositions and attitudes are as influential for walking for transport as physical urban environments.


The authors have developed a method for the measurement of focal and magnification properties of multi-element electrostatic lenses. The method involves the deflection of an electron beam by a raster scan generator coupled to an oscilloscope which displays images of a pair of pinhole objects. This visual display simplifies the assessment of good focus and allows the linear magnification of the lens to be deduced from measurements of the separations of the displayed spots. The authors have applied the method to the study of five lenses each consisting of three coaxial cylinders. Excellent agreement with calculated results has been found.


Gas-phase methanol carbonylation over HMOR catalyst was investigated for the synthesis of dimethyl ether (DME) and acetic acid (HOAc). The results revealed that the selectivity of DME reached 98% and the methanol conversion was 45% under the reaction temperature of 493K. While, the selectivity of HOAc was 30% and the methanol conversion reached 80% when reaction temperature was increased to 573K. TEM, SEM, XRD, N2 physisorbtion, XPS and TG-DTG measurements were performed to characterize the texture and structure of the catalyst. Serious coking on the catalyst surface significantly limited the utilization of unmodified HMOR catalyst in the reaction.


Tamarindus indica L. is one of the fruit yielding trees and commonly used for wasteland afforestation. Seed and seedling characters are most important for afforestation programme and these characters are interdependent and polygenically controlled. The study conducted to elucidate the selection criteria at early stage based on association of characters of seed and seedling revealed the existence of strong inherent association between various traits at genetic level. Hundred seed weight and shoot characters (shoot length and number of leaves) can be used as selection index at seed and seedling stage respectively.


Continued from Volume 46, Number 4 this article traces the history of significant optometry periodicals from the late nineteenth-century to the present.


In works and papers related to hydraulic control system, compared with detailed analysis and discussion in four-slide symmetric-cylinder servo system, little work had been concentrated on four-slide non-symmetric-cylinder servo system. And different solutions about transfer function of the system had been done [1]~[4] . In this paper,a new method is proposed to supplement this problem.


a-Amylase originally denatured with 8.0mol/L urea and its re folded intermedi-ates were investigated by high performance hydrophobic interaction chromatography. Many kinds(at least 19) of its re folded intermediates were obtained and found to be relatively sta-ble, at least for a week, in their respective solutions of the mobile phase used. The result was further proved by the methods of electrophoresis, ion exchange chromatography and size exclusive chromatography. In addition, the difference between the molecular conformations of these intermediates was investigated by ultraviolet-absorption spectrum and fluorescence emission spectrum.


The main focus of this work is on the development of a high-order Eulerian-Lagrangian finite element method for the simulation of electro-mechanical systems. The coupled problem is solved by a staggered scheme, where the mechanical motion is discretized by standard Lagrangian finite elements, and the electrical field is solved on a fixed Eulerian grid with embedded boundary conditions. Traditional Lagrangian-Lagrangian or arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) methods encounter deficiencies, for example, when dealing with mesh distortion due to large deformations, or topology changes due to contacting bodies. The presented Eulerian-Lagrangian approach addresses these issues in a natural way. Within this context we develop a high-order immersed boundary discontinuous-Galerkin (IB-DG) method, which is shown to be necessary for (i) the accurate representation of the electrical gradient along nonlinear boundary features such as singular corners, and (ii) to achieve full convergence during the iterative global solution. We develop an implicit scheme based on the mid-point rule, as well as an explicit scheme based on the centered-difference method, with the incorporation of energy conserving, frictionless contact algorithms for an elastic-to-rigid-surface contact. The performance of the proposed method is assessed for several benchmark tests: the electro-static force vector around a singular corner, the quasi-static pull-in of an electro-mechanically actuated switch, the excitation of a carbon nanotube at resonance, and the cyclic impact simulation of a micro-electro-mechanical resonant-switch. We report improved accuracy for the high-order method as compared to low-order methods, and linear convergence in the iterative solution of the staggered scheme. Additionally, we investigate a Newton-Krylov shooting scheme in order to directly find cyclic steady states of electro-mechanical devices excited at resonance-- as opposed to a naive time-stepping from zero initial conditions. For the examples discussed, we observe power law computational speed-ups of the form S=0.7xi^(-0.8), where xi is the damping ratio of the corresponding resonance frequency.


Background: Atopic dermatitis is a chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disease characterized by dry skin, pruritus, and typical distribution of the lesions. Because an objective tool for the assessment of disease severity of atopic dermatitis has yet to be agreed upon, many dermatologists are dependent on subjective history and clinical scoring. Recently, instrumental measurements have been used for the assessment of skin barrier function. Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the correlation between SCORAD (scoring of atopic Dermatitis) index and the results of instrumental assessments of disease severity in atopic dermatitis. Additionally, we compared the values of instrumental measurements on normal and lesional skin. Methods: From February to April 2007, 44 patients with atopic dermatitis were treated with topical steroids, topical calcineurine inhibitors, oral antihistamine agents and systemic steroids. At initial visit, and after 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks of treatment, the SCORAD index was measured, and instrumental measurements of skin surface hydration (SSH), transepidermal water loss (TEWL), and pH were performed on the antecubital fossa (lesional skin) and flank (normal skin) of the patients by Corneometer(R), Tewameter(R), and skin-pH-meter(R). Results: Significant correlation was found between SCORAD index and SSH (p<0.0001), TEWL (p<0.0001), and pH (p=0.1680). SSH and TEWL improved within 1 week of treatment but pH improved after 2 weeks of treatment. Instrumental assessments showed lesional skin had lower SSH, higher TEWL, and more alkaline pH than normal skin. Conclusion: Instrumental measurements showed correlation with SCORAD index. Therefore, we can use instrumental assessments as well as SCORAD index in the assessment of disease severity of AD. (Korean J Dermatol 2010;48(4):266~271)


At present, caution is urged in use of osteoclast-targeted therapy in early-stage breast cancer patients. Not all are at risk for therapy-induced bone loss, and the majority are not at risk for recurrence following adjuvant therapy. Toxicities exist, and there is financial cost to consider.


Abstract: The purpose of this study is to identify the quality factors of mobile applications and predict their influence on the consumer satisfaction of WhatsApp users. This research extends the ISO 9126 model used for evaluating the software quality. The new research model and an instrument are used to examine the influence of various quality factors of mobile applications on consumer satisfaction. Based on the valid responses collected through a questionnaire, multiple regression technique is employed to test the relationship between the independent and dependent factors. The results of the study indicate that reliability, usability, efficiency and data integrity significantly affect the consumer satisfaction of WhatsApp mobile application, whereas the other two factors, functionality and portability, do not have considerable influence on consumer satisfaction. Keywords: User satisfaction, User loyalty, User satisfaction, WhatsApp.


Helped by cheaper data computation, companies make more use of sophisticated statistical analysis in decision making and economic management. In the dissertation I evaluate and develop statistical methods and apply them for economic applications, e.g. credit risk evaluation and commodity pricing. Recent developments in modern Monte Carlo methods have made statistical inference possible for complex non-linear and non-Gaussian latent variable models. It is typically computationally expensive to fit data to such dynamic models, due to a large number of unobserved parameters. However, the flexibility of the models has ensured a wide range of applications. This thesis mainly considers non-linear cases of a latent variable model class called state-space models. The main objective is Bayesian inference for all model parameters, based on the information in the observed data. The presented work considers the existing methods for dealing with latent variables, and propose modifications to some of the most promising methods. The performance of the proposed methods is investigated through applications on economic time series data. The thesis also includes research of a more applied nature, where an existing economic model for commodity prices is extended with a stochastic trend, to obtain a state-space model. It also contains applied economic research outside the latent variable domain, where different risk measures are compared in the context of credit risk regulation.


A brief summary of the insulation issues associated with the use of power electronics in electrical drives is presented here. The key points that remain open and the perspectives regarding the introduction of wide band-gap devices in aircraft and electrical vehicles actuators are discussed, showing how the benefits brought about by these devices might be offset by insulation issues.


The control engineering group at the University of Twente creates control applications for embedded systems among others. In order to create such applications, graphical modelling tools such as 20-sim and gCSP are used to generate software for various platforms. Currently, the output of these code generating programs is ANSI C code, which rules out the use of FPGA's as a target. FPGA devices offer tailored hardware, are able to run multiple processes in true parallel and achieve speeds that can exceed even the fastest computer. This makes the FPGA a perfect platform for control applications. However, the FPGA needs a program to define its functionality, and current languages such as VHDL are not supported by the commonly used tooling. Handel-C is able to create programs for the FPGA platform using an ANSI C like programming language. Since Handel-C is based on ANSI C, it lends itself for code generation, which closes the gap between the above mentioned graphical modelling tools and the FPGA platform. This report studies the feasibility of Handel-C for embedded control by testing its abilities in: • General syntax • Controlling Hardware • FPGA support • Fixed point and floating point operations • Lending itself for code generation Through studying the manual and various tests the capabilities of Handel-C are investigated, giving a glimpse of the applications of the language. These tests prove that Handel-C has an easy syntax for those familiar with ANSI C. Hardware control, FPGA support and gCSP code generation does not provide any problems. However, due to the limited support of floating point and fixed point numbers, 20-sim code generation is not yet possible. Finally, this feasibility study gives suggestions for further projects and studies on Handel-C as an interesting language for the creation of control applications. Preface I want to thank Jan Broenink and Marcel Groothuis for providing this interesting assignment. I also want to thank them for their assistance and guidance throughout this feasibility study. Geert Jan Laanstra, thank you for obtaining and helping me install the Celoxica environment and the RC10 board. Special thanks go out to Marloes Blaauw, my girlfriend, for her support and for checking, proofreading and editing my report.


Efficient photocatalysts of CuInSe2–ZnO nanocomposites were prepared via a solvothermal method using a mixed solvent of ethylenediamine and ethanol (volumetric ratio of 1 : 1). The products were characterized by SEM, EDX, XRD, PL, BET surface area, PZC and DRS UV-vis techniques and used for photo-degradation of congo red. The characterization results showed that crystallite size, BET surface area and optical absorption of the samples varied significantly with the addition of CuInSe2 to ZnO. The nanocomposites show absorption edges in the ultraviolet and visible regions depending on their CuInSe2 content. The optical band gap values of these nanocomposites were calculated to be about 3.37–2.1 eV, which show a red shift from that of pure ZnO. These red shifts indicate the incorporation of CuInSe2 in the zinc oxide lattice. In the investigation of the photocatalytic activity of the samples, the effects of the experimental parameters including pH, congo red concentration, CuInSe2 content and irradiation sources of UV and visible light have also been studied. Addition of CuInSe2 was effective in improving the photocatalytic activity remarkably. The highest percentage removals of 99.8% and 80.3% are observed for the photocatalyst containing 10 wt% CuInSe2 after 90 and 120 min under UV and visible irradiation, respectively. Also, a possible removal mechanism of the samples is proposed. It could be considered as a promising photocatalyst for dye degradation.


The goal of this master thesis is to gain more insight in certain interrogation strategies, which are used by detectives during suspect interrogations, and which can have a positive effect on the interrogation results.
This research will specifically examine which influence the color of the interrogation environment has on this process. In order to investigate this, there has been an inquiry amongst students of the Twente University and additionally at the "Regionaal opleidingscentrum" (ROC) in Apeldoorn to measure in which degree the behavior of the detective (Active listening versus Rational persuasion) and the color (Blue versus White) of the interrogation room will contribute to finding the truth.
The results show that active listening and rational persuasion have different effects on the number of suspects that made a confession. Considering the suspects estimation concerning the quality of the perceived relationship with the detective, none of the data showed that there was any difference between active listening and rational persuasion.
It was expected that active listening would lead to a better quality of the perceived relationship with the detective than rational persuasion would. This could not be confirmed. Furthermore, it was expected that with use of rational persuasion, more suspects would confess compared to the active listening method. This wasn't the case either. In contrary of the hypothesis the data show that the use of active listening leads to more confessions than when rational persuasion is used. Besides, the detective's behavior has a direct influence on his (perceived) credibility. The suspects perceived the detective to be more reliable and a better expert when they were confronted with active listening as interrogation method in comparison to rational persuasion.
The blue color of the interrogation environment appears to hardly have any influence on the relation between the detective's behavior and the amount of confessions, or the estimated quality of the perceived relationship. One could draw the following conclusion from this investigation: The interrogation method "Active listening" has a positive influence on the number of suspects that will make a confession, and it improves the detectives perceived credibility as well. Some of the other hypotheses could not be confirmed or rejected with the data from this inquiry. There is more research needed before we can draw any further conclusions.


Emotional-nociceptive stress, stress induced with a myocardial infarction, and stress following sham operation increased the effect of endothelium on the force and velocity of the smooth muscle contraction. Within 2 hrs after stress and 3 hrs after the coronary artery ligation, a considerable drop occurred in the rat arterial pressure followed by a facilitation of the aorta endothelium-dependent relaxation. Both these parameters were restored to the control level within 24 hrs. The facilitation of the endothelium-dependent relaxation of vascular wall seems to play a role in the drop of the vessels tone, in decrease of arterial pressure and, finally, in development of the cardiogenic shock in myocardial infarction in humans.


A digital elevation model (DEM) contains the elevation of terrain, which is widely used in the geographic information system (GIS). However, a DEM may not be accurate due to the measurement inaccuracy and the change of topography with time. In this paper, we propose a feature based algorithm for detecting DEM elevation errors using a camera image. In the algorithm, we first extract ridges in a depth map obtained from a DEM. We then extract ridges in the corresponding camera image, and determine the elevation error in the DEM, if any, by comparing the corresponding points of ridges between the depth map and camera image. To robustly extract a ridge in the camera image, we adopt a mask that is obtained using the ridge information in the depth map, and apply dynamic programming within the mask. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can reliably determine elevation errors in the DEM.


We claim that the nonlocality without entanglement revealed quite recently by Bennett {\it et al.} [quant-ph/9804053] should be rather interpreted as {\it Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox without entanglement}. It would be true nonlocality without entanglement if one knew that quantum mechnics provides the best possible means for extracting information from physical system i.e. that it is ``operationally complete''.


A CO2 waveguide laser in a monolithic RF excited structure has been built at S.A.T. Besides its ruggedness and simplified design this new structure warrants : - A longer lifetime for the sealed off laser without electrodes in the plasma. The laser head is fed through a light, coaxial cable and looks like a big pencil (length = 200 mm, diameter = 25 mm, weight = 200g) This uncooled low power version emits 1 to 4 W in a 30 s run. Two civilian applications have been investigated : - Medical aalicatiOn : The odontological CO, laser (in collaboration with PR J. MELCER from Paris V University). This light laser head is especially suitable for the dental surgeon working with the laser in hand : - On the decayed areas the laser beam sterilizes and hardens the dentinary surface. - On the mucous membrane the laser beam burns outgrowths. - Industrial a22lication : Splicing of optical fibers (in collaboration with the CABLOPTIC company). Due to the high absorption of silica around 10 μm, CO2 laser light turns to be a very promising, non-contact fusing agent for optical fibers : CO2 laser splicing technique allows improved control of localization as well as concentrati6n of energy on the area to be fused. This method limits the ionic (OH-) pollution thus improwing mechanical resistance.


Approximating periodic solutions to the coupled Duffing equations amounts to solving a system of polynomial equations. The number of complex solutions measures the algebraic complexity of this approximation problem. Using the theory of Khovanskii bases, we show that this number is given by the volume of a certain polytope. We also show how to compute all solutions using numerical nonlinear algebra.


Currently,extensive researches show that homocysteine is an independent risk factor of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.Hyperhomocysteinemia is closely associated with endothelial injuries,thromboses lipid metabolisms,inflammatory responses,and oxidative stress,leading to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.The researchers propose that patients with cardiovascular diseases may benefit from the reduction of homocysteine levels,However,some evidence-based medicine studies in recent years show that lowering homocysteine level does not reduce the occurrences of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events.This article focuses on the relationship between homocysteine and cardiovascular diseases and its evidence-based medicine studies.


Quality of education, as the basis for the development of a society progressively introduced in a globalized context, requires refl ection on the way future professionals are being trained. In order to improve the quality of the educational service, Peruvian state has begun to regulate the creation of universities, license for its operation, supervision based on evaluation, accreditation and certifi cation. In case of disapproving, this measure can even close the universities according to Act 30220. The case developed corresponds to Urbanism I, a subject of the urbanism area in the architecture career, which assumes the analysis factors defi ned by the CINDA-IAC, International Accreditation Center, in its self-assessment model but referred to the Study Plan that in this opportunity is applied to the development of the practical works of the subject belonging to the fourth cycle of studies


NMR is a powerful tool for studying structural details of protein/peptide complexes exhibiting weak to medium binding (KD > 10 μm). However, it has been assumed that intermolecular nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) interactions are difficult to observe in such complexes. We demonstrate that intermolecular NOEs can be revealed by combining the 13C‐edited/13C‐filtered experiment with the transferred NOE effect (TRNOE). Due to the TRNOE phenomenon, intermolecular NOE cross peaks are characterized by both the chemical shifts (CSs) of the protein protons and the average CSs of the peptide protons, which are dominated by the CSs of the protons of the free peptide. Previously, the TRNOE phenomenon was used almost exclusively to investigate the conformation of small ligands bound to large biomolecules. Here, we demonstrate that TRNOE can be extended to enable the study of intermolecular interactions in small‐ and medium‐sized protein complexes. We used the 13C‐edited/13C‐filtered TRNOE experiment to study the interactions of the chemokine regulated upon activation, normal T cell, expressed and secreted (RANTES) with a 27‐residue peptide, containing two sulfotyrosine residues, representing the N‐terminal segment of the CCR5 receptor ((Nt‐CCR5(1–27). The TRNOE phenomenon led to more than doubling of the signal‐to‐noise ratios (SNRs) for the intermolecular NOEs observed in the 13C‐edited/13C‐filtered experiment for the 11.5‐kDa monomeric RANTES/Nt‐CCR5(1–27) complex. An even better improvement in the SNR was achieved with dimeric Nt‐CCR5(1–27)/RANTES (23 kDa), especially in comparison with the spectra measured with a 1 : 1 protein to peptide ratio. In principle, the isotope‐edited/isotope‐filtered TRNOE spectrum can discern all intermolecular interactions involving nonexchangeable protons in the complex.


Infected cell protein 4(ICP4), theproduct ofthea4gene, regulates herpessimplex virus1andherpes simplex virus 2geneexpression atthetranscriptional level bothpositively andnegatively. Previous studies have shownthatICP4isextensively modified posttranslationally. We reportthatICP4was labeled inisolated nuclei ofinfected cells by[a-32P]GTP or [oC-32P]ATP. Thelabeling ofICP4by[(c-32P]GTP or [a-32P]ATP required excessGTP,ATP,GDP,andADPandoccurred also inthepresenceofexcessGTP(,y)S. WhileGDPandADP activated thelabeling process,onlyGTPandATPlabeled ICP4.Accumulation oflabeled ICP4was favored at temperatures from15to27°Candinthepresenceofokadaic acid. Theconditions forlabeling ICP4with [a-32P]GTP or [a-32P]ATP andthestability ofthelabeled protein were different fromthose ofICP4labeled with[,y-32P]ATP. Labeling studies withtritiated ATP andGTP showedthatICP4isnucleotidylated, and chemical degradation ofICP4labeled with[a-32PJGTP yielded ribose-5-phosphate.


This paper investigated the loading effects in deep trench LISA (Lateral Isolated Silicon Accelerometer) technology. Both RIE-lag and macro loading effects are evaluated in the three etching steps used to release silicon structure. The loading effects on individual etch step and the interaction between different etch steps are studied. All the three silicon etch steps used to release silicon structure have shown serious lagging effect. With trench width increasing from 0.4 to 200um, the variation of etch rate vary from 0.8 to 1.30um/min, 0.95 to 2.80um/min and 0.033 to 0.267um/min for first step, second trench etch and third release etch, respectively. For macro loading effect, a linear relationship is found between silicon etch rate and the percentage of exposed area on wafer.


There are several contradictory indications about the blood filling of the brain. A. priori, indeed, one can expect bloodlessness of all organs due to rapid blood loss, but many facts make such an expectation premature, unproven, unproven, notes Yu. Chudnovsky and cites the case of prof. Maschka.


The Handbook of Research on Educational Design and Cloud Computing in Modern Classroom Settings is a pivotal reference source for the latest research ndings on the strategic role of cloud computing in education, teaching, and the learning process. Featuring extensive coverage on relevant areas such as personal learning environment, cloud-based learning, and educational models, this publication is an ideal resource for educators, professionals, school administrators, researchers, and practitioners in the eld of education.


The young British-born Vietnamese are a largely unrecognised group in society and are generally not considered part of multiethnic Britain. A key characteristic of their racial positioning has been the very specific forms of hegemonic gendered labelling shaped by discourses of Orientalism. These Orientalist discourses subject Vietnamese men to pernicious stereotyping linked to 'passive' and effeminising forms of 'subordinate' masculinity. The ethnic and gendered dimensions of male Vietnamese youth experience are further compounded by the intersecting processes of social class and urban geographies which provide a distinct range of identity outcomes; these are particularly acute for working-class men living in highly urbanised areas. This article explores how young Vietnamese men subvert Oriental labels and stereotypes by using a range of unexpected, creative and 'spectacular' manipulations of hair, dress, style and comportment. I argue that Vietnamese men negotiate and perform ethnic masculinities through conscious and strategic forms of agency which entail everyday mundane forms of 'risk'. The article draws upon primary data from in-depth, narrative interviews and participant observation.


The study deals with the reception of the works by a Danish classic writer, comedyThe study deals with the reception of the works by a Danish classic writer, comedydramatist, fabulist, poet, novelist, historian and moralist Ludvig Holberg in Russia ofthe 18th century focusing on the writings translated into Russian from the German,Latin and Danish — or untranslated yet containing information about Russia, its monarchs and history. The author addresses Holberg`s works within the context of the Russian-Scandinavian literary relations, for this purpose involving works of Danish and Swedish authors of the 17th–18th cs., in one way or another linked with the subject under study.The book is addressed to Slavic scholars, university professors, graduate students and students of philology.


Disclosed is a method for initializing an Internet videophone terminal. In accordance with the method, the Internet videophone terminal is initialized using an initial configuration file therefor based on a specific data format, such that an initial setup process between a service provider and an Internet videophone terminal user can be simplified.


Sol–gel reaction of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) with fumed silica–polyacrylonitrile (PAN) membrane was carried out to prepare hybrid gas permeable membranes for oxygen and nitrogen separation. Various amounts of fumed silica microparticles with a few μm diameters were compounded in PAN–dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) solution. After casting of the viscous compound solution on a flat sheet with 100 μm thickness, DMSO was evacuated under vacuum at 80°C. Then, the silica–PAN composite membranes were treated with TEOS for 1 day at 40°C in methanol. Air permeation was examined and compared in silica–PAN composite membranes with and without TEOS treatment. The latter hybrid membranes showed selective oxygen permeability, which depended on amounts of fumed silica in the membrane. The TEOS hybrid PAN membranes have a high ability of oxygen permselectivity for O2/N2 gas mixture with α(O2/N2) = 13–17, when the silica content was in the range of 13–20 wt %. This is attributed to siloxane network formation in hybrid silica–PAN composite membranes. Favorable siloxane network formation resulted in high oxygen permeability of the hybrid composite membranes. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 1752–1759, 2003


In order to further improve the seismic performance of concrete core walls,a new kind of RC composite core walls with steel tube-reinforced concrete columns and concealed steel trusses is proposed in this paper.Two 1/6 scale core wall specimens with the same tube-reinforced concrete columns,in which one with concealed steel trusses and another without,are tested under cyclic loading.The load-capacity,ductility,stiffness,deterioration process of stiffness,hysteresis characteristics,energy dissipation and damage characteristics of the two specimens are discussed.The mechanical model is provided for calculating the load-carrying capacity of the new RC composite care walls.The calculating results agreed well with the experimental ones.They show that the seismic performance of the RC composite core walls with tube-reinforced concrete columns could be improved by setting the concealed steel trusses in the walls.


A sensor network consists of a large number of sensor nodes that are densely deployed. The large scale sensor network is generally used for applications such as target tracking and emergency response rather than common data. The applications have real-time requirements that sensed data must be exactly delivered to a destination node within a given time. In this paper, we propose a multi-path scheme, which utilizes the virtual grid, to meet the real-time requirements. In order to select one of multi-paths depending on the service differentiation, the proposed scheme uses several information such as the size and transfer period of sensed data. In addition to an existing path, the proposed algorithm dynamically selects an alternative path according to multi-path environments. Moreover, it assigns the shortest path to the sensed data with most strict time restriction. Therefore, our scheme can guarantee the transmission reliability since sensed data is transmitted two or more routes by using the dualized multi-path on the virtual grid. In this paper, we introduce some realistic scenarios and propose an analytical model. Then performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated by numerical analysis. Our results show that the proposed scheme significantly outperforms the SPEED and MMSPEED.


Ovine scrapie and bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) PrP and PrP were detergent extracted from 1.0-g specare members of a group of transmissible, genetically influimens as previously described. Nearly all brains were enced, neurodegenerative diseases known variously as unconventional slow virus infections, prion diseases, or spontested in triplicate using separate brain stem, midbrain, and cerebellum samples. To adapt WI to a diagnostic laboratory giform encephalopathies. 4-7,14 Laboratory diagnosis of these environment, several technical modifications were made. Each human and animal diseases has, until recently, depended tissue was homogenized in 20 ml of 25 mM TRIS buffer, solely upon neurohistopathologic examination and laborapH 7.4, containing 10% (w/v) N-lauroyl sodium sarcosinate tory rodent inoculation. The histopathologic approach is often inconclusive, particularly with autolyzed specimens,


Iron phthalocyanine immobilized on polymeric resin was used to degrade nitrobenzene under visible light irradiation in the presence of hydrogen peroxide.The effects of catalyst amount,hydrogen peroxide dosage,pH value and temperature on the catalytic degradation were investigated.The results indicated that under irradiation of 50 W halogen lamp at 35℃,79.9% nitrobenzene was removed after 10 hours when the initial concentration of nitrobenzene was 200 mg/L,value of initial pH was 3,catalyst dosage was 1.5 g/L,hydrogen peroxide dosage was 1.0 mL/L.


This paper focuses on the development of a radio localization technique for a wireless sensor network infrastructure where a large number of simple power-aware nodes are spread in indoor environments. Fixed and moving nodes exchange radio messages but can only measure mutual power figures such as the received signal strength (RSS) indicator. Local maximum likelihood estimation from propagation models suffers from false alarm problems due to incorrect position information, complex indoor propagation effects and simple hardware radio architectures. Here, we propose a Bayesian approach to estimate and track the position of a moving node from power maps obtained through field measurements. To lower the computational power required by grid-based algorithms, we exploit particle filter techniques that implement an irregular sampling of the a-posteriori probability space. Finally, experimental results are presented and discussed