Summary Rossbank functioned from 1840 to 1854 as one of a chain of British Colonial Observatories which combined with European and Asian observatories in the study of terrestrial magnetism. It was established in Hobart, Tasmania, by the Governor of Van Diemen's Land, Sir John Franklin, and Captain James Clark Ross, R.N., commanding H.M. ships Erebus and Terror. The history and operation of the Rossbank Observatory is related, its instruments described, and the results discussed. Biographical notes on the Observatory staff, with lists of its archives and instruments are provided. A number of previously unpublished pictures show the Observatory in use and the surviving buildings and instruments today.


Abstract Carbon-14 labeled ethylene and propylene were used to synthesize a series of copolymers of known composition to serve as standards for copolymer analyses. Polymers with broad and narrow compositional distributions and differing sequence distributions were produced by varying the catalyst system. Solution and combustion counting techniques were used to determine sample composition and then infrared calibration curves were determined on pressed polymer films utilizing several different infrared peaks. 1. Within the ranges systematically varied neither compositional nor sequence distributions affect the peak ratios studied. 2. No isotope effects exist in the polymerizations. 3. NMR analysis yields the same results as 14C analysis. 4. Use of the 1378 cm−1 methyl band as calibrated with atactic polypropylene yields agreement with the 14C data if the average of polypropylene and copolymer results is used. 5. We amend the results previously published by our laboratory.


Honesty and credit are the basic characteristics of people,traditional virtues of the Chinese nation and important cornerstones of the building of a harmonious society.To foster personal quality of honesty and credit is the demand of building a harmonious society.We have to concern ourself about college students'credibility situation.The reasons causing credibility problem among students need to be deeply analyzed.Education of honesty should be strengthened,a good atmosphere should be established and the honesty and credit system should be formed to build the honesty and credit of college students.


Step test is one of the indexes used to evaluate the physical fitness of subjects. However, there are three methods of step tests that can be used, each varying in step height: Harvard step test with a bench height of 45 cm for male and 43 cm for female; Sharkey step test with a height of 40 cm for male and 33 cm for female and Kash step test with a height of 30 cm for both male and female. The purpose of this study was to do a comparative evaluation among the three types of step test and to determine the optimal test in our subjects. Twenty-six medical students (male and female, 19-24 years in age) participated in all the three types of step tests in random order. The rhythm of the stepping was maintained with the help of a metronome for 5min, after which the recovery heart rate was measured according to the respective step test method. The data was analyzed using t-test and correlation analysis. The results indicate that Sharkey step test correlated significantly with Kash step tests (p>0.05). In conclusion, the Sharkey step test was easier and optimal in evaluating the level of physical fitness and the recovery of the cardiovascular system.


Book reviewed in this article:

FIDELITY WITH PLAUSIBILITY: MODEST CHRISTOLOGIES IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY By Wesley J. Wildman

CHRISTOLOGY IN CULTURAL PERSPECTIVE: MARKING OUT THE HORIZONS By Colin J. D. Greene

JESUS THE SAVIOR: THE MEANING OF JESUS CHRIST FOR CHRISTIAN FAITH By William C. Placher

JESUS: SYMBOL OF GOD By Roger Haight

THE FIRSTBORN OF MANY: A CHRISTOLOGY FOR CONVERTING CHRISTIANS By Donald L. Gelpi

SYMBOLS OF JESUS: A CHRISTOLOGY OF SYMBOLIC ENGAGEMENT By Robert Cummings Neville

LIBERATING CHRIST: EXPLORING THE CHRISTOLOGIES OF CONTEMPORARY LIBERATION MOVEMENTS By Lisa Isherwood

THE MANY FACES OF CHRIST By Tyron Inbody

IN THE COMPANY OF OTHERS: A DIALOGICAL CHRISTOLOGY By David Jensen

THE CONTEMPORARY JESUS By Thomas J. J. Altizer


Cryphonectria parasitica, the causal agent of chestnut blight, has been responsible for the decline of chestnut in Croatia for already five decades. In order to improve understanding of this pathogen diversity, 338 isolates of C. parasitica were sampled from 10 chestnut populations throughout chestnut-growing coastal and continental areas of Croatia. Eighteen vegetative compatibility types (vc) were identified. The vc type EU-1 was the most widespread comprising 42.9% of the isolates followed by EU-2 (21%), and EU-12 (14.2%). In respect to the occurrence of the main vc types, the C. parasitica populations in Croatia combine features of both north-western and the south-eastern European populations. Perithecia and both mating types of C. parasitica in approximately 1:1 ratio were found in all populations suggesting that sexual reproduction of the fungus is common in Croatia. Natural hypovirulence was also evident in all populations with incidence of hypovirus-infected isolates ranging from 12.7% in Istria-Buje to 66.6% in the continental part of the country. A total of 36 hypovirus-infected isolates sampled throughout Croatia were analyzed in ORF-A and ORF-B by RT-PCR/RFLP analysis. All viral isolates belonged to the Italian subtype of Cryphonectria hypovirus 1 (CHV-1) and were closely related to the isolates found in other European countries. The RFLP patterns found were also identical or similar to the patterns of three isolates collected in Croatia 22 years ago, suggesting a slow evolution of the hypovirus.


SUMMARY This letter presents a method of adding a virtual halo ef- fect to an object of interest in video sequences. A modified graph-cut segmentation algorithm extracts object layers. The halo is modeled by the accumulation of gradually changing Gaussians. With a synthesized blooming e ff ect, the experimental results show that the proposed method conveys realistic halo e ff ect.


Incubation of newborn mouse skin in media containing 0.01 M dithiothreitol at 4 degrees C for 2 hr reduces dermal-epidermal cohesion, and the 2 layers may be separated readily. Unlike other methods of separation, this technique does not require heating, nonphysiologic pH or ionic strength, or addition of proteolytic enzymes. The split occurs beneath the basal lamina. The separated epidermal sheet retains the periodic acid Schiff-positive "basement membrane," and the basal cells can incorporate 3H-thymidine.


The increasing of road material demand particularly on mineral filler and additives has been followed-up by finding the new alternative materials This study investigates the potential use of the fuzzy logic approach to model the moisture damage prediction by the aid Lotman test method. Specimens, at optimum bitumen content have been prepared and tested in order to predict their Tensile Strength Ratio (TSR) at (Vacuum Saturation, and Vacuum Saturation Followed by Freezing) Conditions. TSR tensile strength ratio is one of the important properties to reflect the strength of asphalt materials against stripping. Throughout the testing phase, results of Lotman test it is noticed that mixes with Lime as a mineral filler (DL) has the higher Tensile Strength Ratio (TSR) from the other mixes, and reflect better performance as related to moisture damage.


In this paper, an asymmetric coplanar strip (ACS) fed microstrip antenna is proposed, which is matched by an active circuit to increase the bandwidth. The proposed antenna is composed of feeding line, asymmetric ground plane, rectangle radiation patch. The antenna operates at 384 MHz and 645 MHz with a small fractional bandwidth of 19.2% and 18%, respectively, when the active circuit is not incorporated into the antenna matching network. By properly designing and optimizing the active circuit, the bandwidth has been greatly enhanced and a −10 dB fractional bandwidth of 197.7% from 5 MHz to 877 MHz has been achieved for the proposed antenna system.


From a theoretical confrontation with several authors –Hannah Arendt, Walter Benjamin, Carl Schmitt, Claude LeFort– the article approaches the relationship between religious belief and political thinking. Particularly in modern totalitarianisms and through the extreme ideologization of politics, a «State religion» has been established. A deideologizacion of the political practice would be the only alternative to politics being «used» as religion. This means accepting that «the religious» always plays a part in «the political», not as an inevitable evil however, but as a source of moral and spiritual inspiration. Without a religious supplement, politics ends up being an instrumental practice oriented to simple governance, evading its true meaning: recognition of the differences that separate us and settling them in a dialogical and non-violent way.


Destination competitiveness models reached a development level in which all the characteristics that somehow influence competitiveness were mapped, whereas without identifying which factors are decisive for competitiveness (Crouch, 2011). We used the Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) technique, adopting the domestic and international tourist inflows as criteria variables for identifying which competitiveness dimensions are decisive for Brazilian sun and sand destinations. Our results suggest that Access, Cultural Aspects, Local Economy, and Business Capacity dimensions have a greater influence on destination performance. In addition, the results indicate that it is not necessary to have a high level of development in a large number of dimensions in order to achieve higher performance. Results provide practical guidance for sun and sand destinations management.


Mounting rigid silicon (Si) die on a flex substrate presents a unique set of challenges. Substrate surface flatness and warpage of the flex substrate before and during thermal processing being two of the biggest issues. Various processes such as thermocompression bonding using anisotropic conductive films and thermosonic bonding using non-conductive adhesives have been shown to be effective for chip on flex (CoF) applications. However, these processes sacrifice process throughput and are less cost effective. Hence these methods may not be suitable for high volume manufacturing (HVM). For this reason, a process that is suitable for HVM and uses standard reflow processes and equipment is highly desirable. This works presents preliminary results for such a CoF process that uses a simple fixture and standard processes, materials and equipment. CoF process for Si die using two types of interconnects, solder balls or Cu pillars, was developed. Solder paste was stencil printed before pick and place of the Si die to offset the lack of flex substrate flatness and substrate warpage. The effect of stencil aperture diameter and placement force on process yield and stand-off height was studied. It was demonstrated that high yield can be obtained with a process that uses wider stencil aperture opening for both type of interconnects investigated. It was also observed that the placement force did not have any effect on process yield or stand-off height. The process can also be easily scaled up for HVM.


Article history: Received on: 10/03/2013 Revised on: 13/05/2013 Accepted on: 22/05/2013 Available online: 30/05/2013 In this experiment the effect of mode of incorporation of some superdisintegrants such as sodium starch glycolate, croscarmellose sodium, crospovidone (kollidon CL), ludiflash and Xanthan gum (XG) on dissolution profile and disintegration time of carbamazepine (CBZ), apoorly water soluble drug was studied. The superdisintegrants were incorporated by extragranularly, intragranularly and in direct compression method. Different amount of superdisintegrants (1%, 3% and 6%) was incorporated in different formulations whereas all the other excipients as well as the active drug remained same. The results indicated that sodium starch glycolate, when incorporated extragranularly in wet granulation method significantly enhanced the release profile of CBZ. Kollidon CL was the most effective superdisintegrant in decreasing disintegration time of different tablet formulations (1.95 minutes when extragranularly incorporated). On the other hand, tablets prepared with SSG were found most effective in % drug release irrespective of its mode of incorporation (99.99% when extragranularly incorporated and 99.75 when intragranularly incorporated within one hour). Tablets prepared by direct compression method also showed similar drug release with other methods but tablet hardness was found lower. So addition of superdisintegrants in tablet formulation may be an effective technique to comply compendial drug release.


ABSTRACT The adsorption of mercuric chloride vapours on a fixed bed of calcium hydroxide fine particles has been experimentally studied. The study has been conducted at laboratory scale using simulated flue gases, constituted of mercuric chloride vapours in nitrogen, which have been in contact with a Ca(OH)2 fixed bed. The effect of the bed temperature, the inlet HgCl2 concentration, and the relative gas-solid velocity on the HgCl2 removal efficiency has been studied. The experimental results indicated that high removal efficiencies of up to 95% can be obtained. The bed temperature has been found to be the most relevant parameter; particularly as the experimental results show that the lower the bed temperature, the higher the removal efficiency. Moreover, the removal efficiency increases when the HgCl2 concentration in the inlet gas increases and when the relative gas-solid velocity decreases. A model based on a simplified expression of the Freundlich adsorption isotherm has been proposed, which is able t...


The City of Fort Lauderdale is a fully developed, coastal city in southeast Florida. However, even in this densely populated area, almost 40% of the City was still served by onsite sewage disposal systems. One of the primary goals of the City's $700 Mil Waterworks 2011 infrastructure program was to provide sanitary sewer service to the remainder of the City. Faced with the need to construct over 560,000 LF of new gravity sewers in 19 sewer basins in a relatively short period of time, alternative construction project delivery methods were considered. Due to the nature of underground sewer construction in urban areas, there was the desire to control issues which can negatively impact the progress of a project including: change orders and delays due to unforeseen conditions, contractor performance, site maintenance, relationships with the affected community and the ability to get projects under construction in a timely manner. The basic concept of general services contracting (GSC) is to reduce what would be a potentially unmanageable number of construction contracts to a lesser number of potentially longer term contracts. Over $150 Mil in sanitary sewer and water distribution main work was separated into two general services contracts. The contracts were developed by establishing and bidding generalized work quantities based on 4–6 contractors being selected for work under each contract. Contractors were selected based on lowest bids to the generalized quantities. Once the contractors were selected and under contract, individual work orders were issued for the specific projects. While maintaining compliance with public bidding requirements, the City went through only 2 bidding processes in 5 years while completing 63 separate projects. This not only reduces time and costs for the City, it allows contractors to plan and schedule work instead of relying on the uncertainties of bidding. The use of general services contracting provides efficiency with respect to managing the competitive bidding process, while maintaining an appropriate level of control over the contractor's activities. In addition to reduced administrative costs, the use of GSC allowed the City to continually evaluate the performance of each contractor with respect to safety, change orders, public outreach and quality of work and to decide if future work would be issued under the contract. Another benefit was the development of positive relationships between the City and its contractors, leading to improved cooperation in all aspects of the construction process. The use of GSC contracts created the ability to break large project areas up into smaller construction packages, thus reducing neighborhood impacts and schedules while maintaining the economies of scale usually only seen with larger projects. The use of GSC was a win-win situation for the City and the contractors that performed the work. Without the use of this tool, the City would not have completed the Waterworks 2011 sewer construction program within the planned schedule.


Permutation and multipermutation codes in the Ulam metric have been suggested for use in non-volatile memory storage systems such as flash memory devices. In this paper we introduce a new method to calculate permutation ball sizes in the Ulam metric using Young Tableaux and prove the non-existence of non-trivial perfect permutation codes in the Ulam metric. We then extend the study to multipermutations, providing upper and lower bounds on multipermutation Ulam ball sizes and resulting upper and lower bounds on the maximal size of multipermutation codes in the Ulam metric.


Abstract The binary mixtures of 6OCB and 8OCB exhibit reentrant nematic behavior ova a narrow range of compositions. We have studied a mixture having 27. 12% of 6OCB by weight by neutron scattering technique. The experimental intensity values I(Q) are fitted with a Lorentzian function. From the fitted parameters we have calculated the short-range correlation length (ζ) perpendicular to the director (n) and the intermolecular distance (D) throughout the mesomorphic range. The results are discussed.


ADDRESSING OFFENDING BEHAVIOUR: CONTEXT, PRACTICE AND VALUES Green, S., Lancaster, E. and Feasey, S. (eds) (2008) Cullompton: Willan. ISBN: 978-1-84392-243-8. pp.492. £26.99 pbk. Receiving this substantial tome for review and identifying that there were 23 chapters (plus introduction and conclusion) from different authors or groups of authors and a total of 449 pages gave me a sense of the enormity of the editing task and the size of the project as a whole. I wondered how the book would read; was it a collection of disparate opinions vying for a voice with a structure just about holding it together? The answer to this is a resounding 'no' and this is down to the skill and hard work of the editing team, plus of course, the expertise and experience of the contributors. The editors were motivated to produce this book because they were concerned with the lack of literature that brought practice and research into work with offenders, coherently together. They wanted to offer a critical appreciation of current policy and practice. As a result, the bulk of the chapters explore actual work undertaken with offenders including the skills required, the assessment tools and intervention strategies employed along with the strengths and limitations of underpinning theories. This clear emphasis on actual practice with offenders helps span intellectual and practical considerations. What are the strengths of the book? Firstly the contributors; there are 26 of them (including the editors) and they have each written or shared in the production of chapters. Between them they have a huge amount of academic, research and practice experience to draw on and this expertise is evident in the quality and authority of the various chapters. The second strength of the book is its organisation as a whole. It is clearly structured with a helpful introduction which enables the reader to rapidly understand what the book offers and ensures that any student picking up such a weighty volume is not daunted by the prospect of using it. Reading the introduction I felt a strong sense of anticipation to delve into the chapters as the editors draw out themes which are explored subsequently in the chapters. For example, the way in which the pre -occupation with dangerous nes s and dangerous offenders has dominated the criminal justice agenda over the past 10 or so years at the cost of less serious and more common offenders whose needs get overlooked if they are not identified as contributing to risk. Thirdly, the writing style and structure of each chapter; each contributor has been asked to cover certain common issues, for example, the relevant skills and techniques that need to be employed by practitioners, and to include some discussion points along with some suggestions as to further reading. There are clearly differences in writing style and some of the chapters are targeted at slightly different readers. For example, Ash worth (Chapter 6) looks at 'Written communication' which is an invaluable chapter for the student about to embark on placement for the first time whereas Phillips' approach in 'Beyond the risk agenda' (Chapter 10) suggests the need for some preliminary familiarity with risk procedures as he gets into some quite complex discussions about the effects of risk'driven practice. However, all the chapters are written in a clear and engaging style with an emphasis on explaining concerns, free from obfus cation. …


The utility model discloses a high-side current detecting system. The system comprises a detecting resistor, an amplifier and an AD sampling unit which are sequentially connected, wherein the detecting resistor is arranged between a power supply and a load; two ports of the amplifier are arranged at two ends of the detecting resistor for detecting the voltage drop of the detecting resistor; and the AD sampling unit is connected to the output end of the amplifier and used for obtaining the current value of the load. The high-side current detecting system provided by the utility model can be used for detecting the output current of a vehicle-mounted LED; after adopting the high-side current detection, electricity leakage of a battery jar, damage on the battery jar, etc., caused by the short circuit of the LED on the vehicle can be prevented effectively, and vehicle devices can be effectively protected; besides, more accurate LED detection is good for protecting the LED devices through preventing the LED devices working in a bad working condition, thereby lowering the maintenance cost of the vehicle.


In this paper, an integrated probabilistic strength analysis was conducted to predict the reliability of a composite pressure vessel under inner pressure loading condition. As a probabilistic strength analysis, the probabilistic progressive failure model consisting of progressive failure model and Monte Carlo simulation was incorporated with a commercial FEA code, ABAQUS Standard, to perform the probabilistic failure analysis of composite structure which has a complex shape and boundary conditions. As design random variables, the laminar strengths of each direction were considered. Finally, from probabilistic strength analysis, the scattering of burst pressure could be explained and the reliability of composite pressure vessel could be obtained for each component. In case of composite structures in mass production, the effects of uncertainties in material and manufacturing on the performance of composite structures would apparently become larger. So, the probabilistic strength analysis is essential for the structural design of composite structures in mass production.


Abstract The relationship between class size (recruitment) and performance (average mark) at an English University was examined. The study included 31 subject areas over a period of seven years from 1986‐87 to 1992‐93. It was found that, across the majority of the subject areas, performance declines as the number of students recruited onto the module increases.


Wireless sensor network based on the ZigBee protocol consists of many sensor devices. In some cases, the sensor nodes may turn to isolated node because random distribution, particularly when creating the network. In this research was suggested two cases to overcome on the isolated node problem, the first case had able to overcome this problem by distributing the isolated nodes on the router nodes that carry the least number of sensor nodes, it helps to minimize the computational overhead on router nodes too, while the second one is able to overcome this problem by calculating the distance between the isolated nodes and the routers and then adds these nodes to the nearest routers. Subsequently, this method helps to minimize the energy consumption. The results show our approach able to solve the problem of isolated nodes using these two methods and when compared between them turns out the second method is better In terms of energy consumption. In addition, we are able to make the network larger scale.


Abstract : Results of an experimental investigation to determine the stagnation point velocity gradients for a family of blunt axisymmetric shapes at hypersonic Mach numbers are presented. Data presented in the form of model pressure distributions and stagnation point Mach number gradients are compared with existing data and theories. Although not accurately predicting the results, Newtonian theory is shown to provide a good basis for data correlation. Variations in model pressure distribution and stagnation point Mach number gradient from free-stream Mach number 6 to 10 were small and essentially within experimental precision. Model bluntness ranged from a hemisphere-cylinder to a flat-nose-cylinder, and data were obtained at free-stream Mach numbers 6, 8, and 10 and a nominal Reynolds number of 1,000,000, based on model diameter.


The role of a voluntary association for bereaved detainees? Sharing experience. In the process of grieving the death of a loved one, the basic needs of a bereaved person is talking about the deceased and to express their emotions. How is it possible with prisoners, forced into loneliness and isolation? As volunteers trained in bereavement, how to stimulate a group of prisoners with all their specific needs and difficulties? We met with these men and women and now invite you to share our experience in order to understand and better help these prisoners.


: The main purpose of this article is to propose a framework on the relationship between Total Quality Management (TQM) and Customer Relationship Management (CRM). In the relevant literature, many theories have focused on TQM dimensions like as leadership, strategic planning, customer focus and information analysis. TQM practices seems to become benefit to all types of organization in which it is applied. Like as TQM, organization will get a better chance to become successful if implementing CRM strategies in their organization with the help from flexibility and reconstruction of the organizational structure, organization wide commitment of resources and human resources management.


Postoperative recurrence (POR) following ileocolonic resection is a major concern in patients with Crohn's disease (CD). The role of ustekinumab (UST) in this setting is poorly known.


In this work we introduce the extension of an existing computational model for red blood cells that enables modelling of different viscosity inside and outside the cells. The extension is based on an algorithm for detection of fluid lattice-points inside the cell given the membrane of the cell as a closed triangular mesh. This algorithm enables the setting of variable viscosity in the underlying lattice-Boltzmann method for computation


It is fortunate that this issue was tackled during the 2010 World Missionary Conference in Edinburgh because it is one of the most vital and pressing matters in life today, let alone mission. We have been aware of living in the midst of a crisis of epic proportions for over fifty years and for the most part are oblivious to its effects, immediate, short term and long term. This topic is the pressure cooker which is about to blow its lid off and the fallout and its effects, using an African metaphor, will be the proverbial pawpaw hitting the fan. It is difficult to conceptualise how impending chaos can be avoided but there are many attempts at mitigation evident globally on the part of Christian bodies where politics has failed to provide a coherent solution, even since the 1980s when ecological issues (the integrity of creation) were linked to justice and peace.


This study considers the urban branding of Tainan City, Taiwan. It explores how the city's image continues its historical cultural milieu through the creation of a visual identity from the phoenix flower. The study analyzes a selection of logos used by organizations in the city, and the semiotic significance of organizational logos. From a sample of 67 logos, the form and content of the visual symbols are interpreted via morphological, content, and semiotic analyses. The logos are also categorized based on the following design features: pervasive symbols, cultural elements, typeface design, industrial embodiment, human body, decorative aids, and graphic design enhancement. Research indicates that Tainan uses the phoenix flower shape for design expression in logos, but because of a lack of uniformity in design norms, the logos are inconsistent. Therefore, standardization of the phoenix flower design used within the city environment would assist the Tainan city branding.


The 99mTc isomer was produced using the (p, 2n) reaction on highly enriched 100Mo samples. The Thick Target Yields were determined in the energy range from 16 MeV to 26 MeV and compared with the values calculated using the most recent cross-section recommendations from the literature. The generated impurities were also determined. It was shown that for 99.815 ± 0.010% enriched samples, only reactions induced on 100Mo are of importance. The ratio of the number of atoms of 99mTc to all produced Tc nuclei was studied as a function of irradiation time and bombarding energy.


This paper presents a method for predicting the local flow, heat transfer and wall temperature in the cylinder of a direct injection diesel engine. A multi-dimensional model, using the conventional k-eturbulence model, was employed for the prediction of in-cylinder phenomena. The model used a finite difference procedure with an expanding /contracting grid in axisymmetric representation. Fuel injection, accommodated by an empirical formula of the spray, was considered. Combustion was treated, adopting an experimental data of heat release rate. The temperature distributions of the walls were calculated by another model of thermal analysis, using a finite element method, for the head, cylinder and piston. Both models were coupled by boundary conditions namely wall functions. This method can be utilized to estimate heat transfer performance and to investigate thermal effects of hardware design.


Few studies have been performed on bearing capacity of earth fill materials containing big crushed rock materials. A series of field tests on 5 different types of fill was conducted to investigate bearing capacity changes with mixing rate of 'oversize' material which is bigger than maximum particle size of 200mm specified by the Korean High Speed Rail Construction Authority. Bearing capacity of each fill type was measured to check the degree of compaction as a quality control method during earthworks. Bearing capacities were measured by 3 different methods as follows; 1) Static Plate Loading Test (SPLT) measuring static deformation modulus (), 2) SPLT measuring subgrade reaction modulus (), 3) Dynamic Load Test (DLT) with Light Weight Drop Device. Test results showed that bearing capacities of fill containing oversized rocks were higher than those containing only fine soils. Bearing capacities were increased with a mixing rate of oversize materials up to 10%. Additional analytical results using the data obtained from field results and other locations suggested that DLT may not be appropriate to check the quality of fill containing rock materials. However, the correlation between got is well matched. This paper also proposed an equation correlated to , which may be applicable in practice to a field where soils mixed with oversize materials are used for fill material.


Essentials Fc‐fusion increases a therapeutic's half‐life, but FcγR interactions may impact immunogenicity. Species‐specific Fc‐FcγR interactions allow for mechanistic in vivo studies using mouse models. Fc fusion modulates the immune response to factor IX in hemophilia B mice by eliciting Th1 bias. This model could inform future studies of IgE‐associated anaphylaxis in hemophilia B patients.


The article provides information on the current species composition and distribution of freshwater mussels in the waters of different altitudinal zones of the Sayan mountain system.


epidemiological questions AG Renehan, ML MacKintosh, EJ Crosbie a Department of Surgery, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK b Gynaecology Oncology Research Group, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK Correspondence: Professor AG Renehan, Department of Surgery, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, UK. Email andrew. firstname.lastname@example.com


Transient variation of impact and thermal stress fields, and temperature distribution as well, within cutting edge during the edge engagement in interrupted turning were first obtained through FEM calculation using measured variation of impact cutting force and temperature on rake face. The probabilistic stress criterion of brittle fracture and its variation due to repetition of impact stress for each location within the tool edge using the deterioration rule reported in previous paper were next obtained. In collation of the most dangerous state of the transient stress with the fracture criterion at each element, variation of fracture probability distribution within the cutting edge with number of the interruption was predicted. Thermal stress had the effect to decrease the failure probability, while temperature rise did promote the probability. The predicted relation for edge failure occurrence shows good agreement with experimental results. It is also possible in practical manner to predict the edge failure for the tool with rounded or chamfered edge by applying a suitable flank force to the edge.


To ensure safety of navigation, the monitoring of high-risk
 seabed areas is one of the primary tasks of the hydrographic activity.
 Monitoring of these areas also provides insights into environmental and
 scientific applications. The Graham Bank (Strait of Sicily in the Mediterranean
 Sea) has been monitored by the Italian Hydrographic Institute (IIM) for over a
 century. This article describes the IIM monitoring of the Graham Bank by
 conducting surveys using techniques and technologies available at each time and
 integrating all of the data into a modern bathymetric database. Based on the
 outcomes of this case study, the IIM proposes ways to minimize the risk to
 vessels passing close to the Graham Bank.


The feasibility of anaerobic co-digestion of waste activated sludge (WAS) with waste wine distillery (WWD) was studied in lab-scale reactor experiments at 55degC. The WAS began with a low biogas production rate of 0.38 1.g -1 VS added . after mixing with WWD, increased to 0.64 1.g -1 VS added . In addition, co-digestion of WAS with WWD improved the effluent dewaterability, and, except for zinc, the heavy metal content of the effluent did not exceed the control standard. Meanwhile, an energy balance calculation for co-digestion showed a net energy of +19.96 kJ.d -1 compared to that of -33.73 kJ.d -1 for digestion of WAS alone. Moreover, WWD used as co-substrate has the advantages of relatively fixed resources and composition. Co-digestion of WAS with WWD is considered a feasible, economically viable, and ecologically acceptable solution for the safe disposal of WAS. In terms of application in practice, we recommend a 1:3 mixture (WAS:WWD) for co-digestion under thermophilic conditions.


Theoscillation voltage (Ebm)isan important parameter ofthecharacteristic constant ofa highpower microwave generator. WhenEbmcould bemadehigh, itserves so astoimprovethepowerconversion efficiency ofa magnetron. Thus,thenewlydeveloped magnetron with7% higher oscillation cut-off voltage thanthepresent conventional oneismanufactured byMatsushita Electric Industrial Co.Ltd, Inaddition tothis, theutility AC powerline current reduced harmonic typedirect inverter AC-DCpowerconverter suitable andacceptable fordriving this magnetron isproposed inthis paper. Thisdirect highfrequency inverter typesoft switching PWM AC-DCconverter hasthevoltage-boost function based onactive clampschemewithsoft switching pulse modulation strategy topology. Thispaperdescribes a noveltypeactive clampAC-DCpowerconverter circuit defined asdirect high frequency inverter andtheswitching operation ofthis power converter isdescribed anddiscussed onthebasis ofsimulation andexperimental results. Theoperating characteristics ofthis softswitching direct highfrequency inverter typeAC-DC powerconverter using IGBTsthatincorporates theharmonic current improvement aswellaspowerfactor correction are evaluated anddiscussed froma practical point ofviewas compared withtheconventional AC-DCpowerconverter.


The earliest point of views of Setu researches on the origin of that ethnical community is presented. The cases for and against the autochthon hypothesis is presented, which were stated by the authors in second half of 19 th beginning of 20 th century. An emphasis is put on the fact that the question of Setu 's origin is unresolved up to now.


We present an unusual case of a man with a nontraumatic tear of the flexor carpi radialis muscle after a regular swimming exercise, without known precipitation factors. The muscle tear was diagnosed by ultrasonography, which showed a cystic mass with increased peripheral vascularity, and was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging. After conservative treatment, follow‐up ultrasonography showed resolution of the hematoma. The patient was able to continue swimming without pain or limitation of function. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 2013


Introduction/Background School nurses are expected to care for a diverse group of students with varying ages and medical issues. They must retain competency and stay up-to-date on treatment protocols ranging from chronic illnesses to emergent situations. Our goal was to evaluate if school nurses believe interactive simulation is beneficial for reviewing clinical skills and staying informed of current evidence based practice guidelines. The simulation experience described in this study took place as part of a lead school nurse skills lab on July 26, 2013 sponsored by the Alabama Board of Nursing and Children's of Alabama. Skills reviewed in the simulation center included tracheostomy care, seizure protocol, diabetes management and asthma exacerbation treatment. Each of these four scenarios was developed to simulate the school setting and was administrated by a content expert in each skill. Methods This study took place in the Pediatric Simulation Center located at Children's of Alabama in Birmingham, Alabama. Data was collected using program evaluations completed at the Conclusion of the simulation experience by the participating school nurses. Evaluations were collected from 103 registered nurses, 2 certified registered nurse practitioners and 4 who did not specify. Each evaluation contained statements about the simulation experience with the options of agree, neither agree nor disagree, or disagree. The participants were then asked to describe what they believed was most beneficial about the experience and what they feel could be improved. Results: Conclusion The program evaluation data was overwhelmingly positive in favor of using simulation as a tool in retaining competency in clinical skills, as well as in staying informed on current evidence based practice guidelines. All of the 109 participants agreed that the simulation was an appropriate teaching method for these topics, as well as that the simulations were a valuable learning experience. One hundred and eight of the participants agreed that the simulation experience increased their skill level in providing care in the school setting. All of the participants would recommend this simulation series to others. Only 20 of the participants had access to medical simulation equipment within their respective school system, while 98 of the participants would like to have the opportunity to use medical simulation in their school setting. The general theme of comments in regard to what was beneficial included the knowledge and insight of the instructors, the ability to have a hands-on experience and the applicability of the skills to their specialty. When asked how the simulations could be improved, the most common response was for more time if the participant did not feel comfortable with a particular skill. The participants also believed they would benefit from a yearly workshop involving simulated cases in a school setting along with an increased amount of cases. References 1. Bullock L., Libbus M., Lewis S., Gayer D. (2002). Continuing education: Improving perceived competence in school nurses. Journal of School Nursing, 18, 360-363. 2. Mckee, Sue., Bultas, Margaret., Ahearn, Tina. School Nurse Survival: Reviewing Clinical Skills in the Simulation Laboratory.NASN School Nurse July 2011 26: 250-256, doi:10.1177/1942602X11409419. Disclosures None.


Except for the characters of marring late and birth late in the changes of marriage form,the living in sin and too many sexual partners are marriage forms in fact also,the divorce rate will go on increasing in future.Family form have some new changes also,it is a trial for the marriage quality and the marriage stable.


The problem of incompressible immiscible two-phase displacement with multi-components in porous media,which arises from chemical flooding in oil recovery,is considered.A mathematical model including a pressure equation,concentration equation for components and saturation equation for the water phase arising from conservation of components in water phase is proved.A sequential implicit difference scheme is established.Some typical simulation experiments are implemented for polymer-surfactant flooding.The proposed implicit method is more stable and efficient than the traditional methods of implicit-pressure-explicit-concentration.


We will present unique applications of a label-free, hyperspectral scatter imaging technique in different microscopy platforms including conventional wide-field, dark-field, and confocal. In different platforms, we conducted label-free imaging of cells undergoing biological processes such as nanoparticle uptake, apoptosis, and metabolic flux change in response to the variation of the osmotic pressure. Hyperspectral image analyses resolved spectral endmembers corresponding to unique scattering and absorption characteristics as a result of such processes at the single particle, single organelle, and single cell level, delineating the details of nanomaterial-cell interactions in a 2D cell culture, cell apoptotic characteristics in a 3D culture, and volumetric changes of single cells under the variation of osmotic pressure. Our label-free scatter imaging has the potential for a broad range of biological and biomedical applications such as the development of scatter-based imaging contrast agents and the measurement of scatter parameters of subcellular organelles to identify the sub-micron scale origins of scattering signals in tissue scattering measurements.


In this paper, the effect of multiple access (MA) schemes of impulse radio on the power parameters of multiuser interference (MUI) is examined. More specifically, we investigate the ways in which the different MA schemes affect the average power, peak power, and the peak-to-average ratio (PAR) of the matched filtered version of the MUI signal. The results of the analysis performed for a simplified scenario illustrate this effect and are supported by the simulation results for a realistic multipath environment.


We reported the synthesis of ink-perovskite/Polyaniline composite electrode material for the separation of sodium chloride solution. These electrode materials are prepared by in situ polymerization process of aniline in the presence of perovskite ceramic material with carbon catalyst surface. This material is having the highest conductivity as a cathode material, environmentally benign and low cost material. The structure and morphological properties of prepared ternary composites are characterized by Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, SEM and TGA. The electrochemical properties are also investigated using four probe method and cyclic-voltametry method. Electrochemical measurement shows that the conductivity of ternary composites is 128 Scm-1. Resulting composites are promising cathode material for low power consuming electrolysis process of sodium chloride solution.


Hayes Martin, MD, was born on June 24, 1892, in Dayton, Iowa. He graduated from The University of Iowa School of Medicine in 1917 (Figure 1). He served in World War I as a flight surgeon in France. On his return to New York City, he wanted to be a general surgeon but was not accepted into the much sought-after surgical program at Bellevue Hospital. He was told by Dr John Hartwell, the chief of surgery at Bellevue, that since it would be 2 years before an opening would occur, he should prepare himself for that position. In pursuit of this goal, Dr Martin served as an intern and resident at Memorial Hospital in New York, where he was exposed to cancer surgery.


Modeling of competitive activity forms the basis for the rationalization and improvement of those means and methods that are used in sports training of athletes. In this regard, a hypothesis was put forward that predictive skating models will ensure the achievement of a certain level of sports results in short-track speed skating.
Study purpose. The aim of the study was to develop a prognostic model of the competitive activity of elite athletes at a distance of 500 m in short-track on the basis of regression analysis with a focus on achieving specified results.
Materials and methods. The study used an analysis of official competition protocols, modeling method, statistical analysis. The behavior of changes in the speed of skating at a distance of 500 m in 173 elite athletes was analyzed. The main components of competitive activity in short-track were revealed.
Results. The results obtained have theoretical significance which lies in the scientific substantiation of the need to improve competitive activity on the basis of its studying and the building of skating models. Their practical significance consists in the development and use of models of competitive activity of elite athletes at a distance of 500 m in short-track, taking into account the construction of a skating option. The presented data are an action plan that allows you to purposefully manage the training process and improve the training of athletes in short-track speed skating at a distance of 500 m in an annual cycle. When processing the results of the study, the level of statistical significance was taken as p ≤ 0.05.
Conclusions. The informative characteristics of competitive activity that affect the result at a distance of 500 m include acceleration speed and running speed on the first, second, third and fourth laps of the distance, multiple correlation coefficient r = 0.985 (p < 0.01). These are objective criteria which are a system-forming factor that determines the structure and content of the training process of elite athletes, and allow monitoring the level of special readiness, as well as predicting the ways of further improvement and making timely corrections in the training process.


The research aims to study the acanthus plant as an ornamental motive, since the Greco roman period passing by the Coptic period till the Islamic one, by showing the various examples of the plant as a decorating unit to understand its creation and innovation, and the artistic background which influenced the craftsmen in their decorations weather in antiques or architecture, This research gives an inclusive guide for the evolution of the use of acanthus plant as a decorating motif through these different periods. The research aim to Study the use of the acanthus as a decorating motif in Greco-Roman, Coptic, and the Islamic arts; identify the religious purpose of the artist in using the acanthus plant in his works; and Study the relationship between the acanthus and the surrounding decorations used in artistic works, whether carved or painted


Abstract : The results of studies related to the oxidation of W and its alloys are studied. The pressure of WO3 polymers over WO2 was measured in a W Knudsen cell and found to agree with measurements in a Pt cell. Literature data for WO2 WO3 were combined with vapor pressures determined in this project to give thermodynamic values for W18O49 and W20O58. W oxidation rates were measured from 800 to 1700 C and in O pressures between 0.2 and 0.02 atmospheres. The effects of O pressure indicate that the rate may be governed by O dissociating to atoms at the reacting surface. The oxidation rate is demonstrated to be independent of the oxide evaporation rate. All of the evidence indicates that if an oxide barrier layer is present at temperatures above 800 C it must be very thin. Studies on the oxidation of Ta - W alloys between 800 and 1200 C indicate that the 50-50 alloy has the greatest oxidation resistance, oxidizing at a rate as much as 10 times slower than W alone.


In this paper, we introduce a new first-order mixture integer-valued threshold autoregressive process, based on the binomial and negative binomial thinning operators. Basic probabilistic and statistical properties of this model are discussed. Conditional least squares (CLS) and conditional maximum likelihood (CML) estimators are derived and the asymptotic properties of the estimators are established. The inference for the threshold parameter is obtained based on the CLS and CML score functions. Moreover, the Wald test is applied to detect the existence of the piecewise structure. Simulation studies are considered, along with an application: the number of criminal mischief incidents in the Pittsburgh dataset.


A meshless, barycentric interpolation collocation method for numerical approximation of Darcy flows is proposed. The barycentric Lagrange interpolation and its differentiation matrices are basic tool to discretize governing equations, Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions. For Darcy flows in irregular domains, embedding the irregular domain into a rectangular, the barycentric interpolation collocation method can be directly applied. The resultant saddle-point systems come from combining the discretized governing equations and boundary conditions, such that we can deal easy with all kinds of boundary condition either regular or irregular domains. Some numerical examples are given to illustrate the accuracy, stability and robust of presented method.


Abstract Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH) is a chronic and rare myeloproliferative disorder caused by disorders in Lang-erhans cell proliferation in various organs and tissues. LCH has a wide variety of clinical manifestations, making it difficult to diagnose. Cutaneous manifestations are polymorphic in the form of purpura, papule, vesicles and pustules. LCH can involve vital organs such as the liver and lungs as well as the hematopoiesis system that usually gives a poor prognosis. The prognosis is also influenced by the age of patient, organ dysfunction and response to the first 6 weeks of chemotherapy treatment. A 3-year-old girl reported a major complaint of an abscess-like lesion in the region of neck accompanied by an extensive purpura of scalp, neck and inguinal areas accompanied by vulvar erosions. The immunohistochemical and histopathologic examination support LCH and the clinical improvement after intravenous administration of intravenous 3 mg/m2 Vinblastine chemotherapy, 75 mg/m2 etoposide, oral 40 mg/m2 per prednisone. After the 6th cycle of chemotherapy, the patient died.


Mizoribine, a derivative of mycophenolic acid, has demonstrated the potential for the use of this drug as a substitute of an immunosuppressive agent azathioprine for the rejection of organ grafts transplant, renal syndromes and systemic lupus erythematosus. This paper reviews the pharmacological mechanism, pharmacokinetics, pharmacotherapy and safety profile of mizoribine.


IN a recent editorial,I "National Health Week in Retrospect", we mentioned that the theme for 1961 was "A Healthy Child, a Healthy Nation", but expressed concern that, although factual information was available on the changing pattern of health problems, there seemed no effective way of disseminating this information to the public. We posed the question: of what value are facts alone unless there exist in the community the facilities for interpretation and motivation? Few would question the opinion that expensive and time-consuming advertising campaigns are unrewarding unless they maintain continuity or frequent repetition. It is ironical that health preservation is losing the battle to health destruction in the field of commercial advertising, but professional advertisers are more advanced in their interpretation and motivation than are members of our own profession. Fortunately it is now accepted that ethical principles demand rather than forbid that health education should be the prerogative of the medical profession and that the same media of communication should be used as are used by those whose interests are not concerned primarily with the preservation of health. This, of course, presupposes a censorship by medical associations on unrestricted self-advertising, a problem which can be overcome by limiting radio or television appearances to those engaged in the educational or public health fields of medicine or to those in fulI-time executive or research posts.


In 2007, the United States spent about 15% of its gross domestic product (GDP) on health care, whereas Israel's health care spending was about 8% of its GDP (see graph, Panel A). In other words, on average, Americans work almost 2 months a year to pay their medical bills — nearly twice as long as the average Israeli does. Reflecting higher U.S. earnings and incomes, as well as the U.S. population's older average age, these figures translate into per capita U.S. spending (standardized for age) amounting to more than three times that of Israel — over $6,000 versus nearly $2,000 . . .


Drivatives of hydroxystilbazole show biological activity in form of antimicrobial and anticancer effect. In this paper are presented optimum conditions of separation and determination of two isomers, derivatives of hydroxystilbazole by a technique of isotachophoresis. Chloride of (E)-N-(o-nitrobenzyl)-4′-hydroxystilbazole-4 and chloride of (E)-N-(o-nitrobenzyl)-2′-hydroxystilbazole-4 were subjected to an optimization process. Lengths of analysis steps, electric current intensity and pH of electrolyte solutions and samples were changed during the optimization of conditions. The shortest time of analysis (at about 170 seconds) was obtained during determination of individual isomers. However, in case of mixtures, the time of analysis was lengthened two-fold. It was proved by a process of trial and error that optimum pH for analyzed isomers is 3.7. Linearity of determination of mentioned isomers is between 2 and 35 mg mL−1.


This gloss discusses the controversy whether the term in contravention of the conditions of the authorisation used in Art. 116 of the Act of 4 February 1994 on copyright and related rights (Dz.U. 2000, No. 80, Item 904, as amended) refers only to the rights granted under the licence to distribute the work, and not also to obligations arising from the licence agreement (e.g. the right to remuneration or the obligation to present financial statements).


Haitan Strait is a south-north and long restricted channel strait,tidal wave in the strait belongs to progressive wave.A two-dimensional shallow flow equation is present and solved with semi-implicit and Eulerian-Lagrangian finite difference method.A variable boundary with time-variation technology is applied.The model described characteristic of progressive wave in the strait.The computed results show good agreement with the measured data.Meanwhile,co-phase lag and co-amplitude curves for the M_2 constituent,and tidal current field,and distribution of mean flow velocity is computed.The result shows that,the high tide time for the M_2 constituent at the north bay is about(5~6)min earlier than the south bay,co-amplitude level for the M_2 constituent is 2.12~2.15m,and the maximum current velocity about 1m/s.


The influence of temperature on water treeing in polyethylene (PE) is investigated in this paper. Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and peroxide cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) are chosen as the test materials. The liquid needle electrode method is used for water tree development at 20, 40, 60 and 80 °C, and a metallographic microscope is used to observe water tree morphology. The sizes and initiation rate of water trees are measured. The results obtained from the water treeing experiments indicate that water treeing is significantly influenced by temperature. The initiation rates of water trees decrease first, and then increase as temperature rises. The sizes of water trees also exhibit an increasing trend with ascending temperature. The experiments conducted on LDPE and XLPE demonstrate similar results. However, XLPE is found to have better anti water treeing performance than LDPE. Mechanical tensile test results show that the mechanical properties of the two materials, such as elastic modulus, tensile strength, tensile breaking stress and tensile yield stress, drop significantly as temperature increases. The results of the crystallinity determination and crystal morphology observation show that the crystal blocks of XLPE are smaller and denser compared with those of LDPE, which are lager and relatively sparser. Based on the analysis, XLPE is found to have better anti water treeing performance than LDPE because of cross-linking limitation to the formation of large crystal blocks and the enhancement of the mechanical properties of the material. Moreover, the failure of the mechanical properties of the materials, pore expansion and the accelerated movement of moisture and ions are the reasons for the acceleration of water treeing at high temperatures.


The objective of this study was to determine the thermodynamic and physical properties of beef strip loin steaks of varying thicknesses and USDA quality grades cooked with high and low grill surface temperatures. Thermal characteristics described by changes in the denaturation temperature (between 55°C – 60°C) and enthalpies of protein denaturation (70°C – 75°C) both differed (P = 0.031 and P = 0.001, respectively) among thick steaks, with thick steaks cooked on a high grill surface temperature having a lower denaturation temperature and enthalpy compared with thick steaks cooked on a low grill surface temperature. No differences (P > 0.05) were observed among thin steaks for denaturation temperature or enthalpy. The elastic behaviors of the surface and center of the steaks were analyzed to determine how the microstructure of the beef responded to applied stress. The elastic behavior of steak centers was influenced in a three-way interaction (P = 0.029) between quality grade, steak thickness, and grill surface temperature. The elastic behavior of the surface of steaks was influenced by the interaction of quality grade and steak thickness (P = 0.031). These interactions, along with the differences in the thermal characteristic of proteins, suggest that the microstructure of steaks was affected by each cooking treatment group. Hardness, resilience, and chewiness were each influenced by a three-way interaction (P = 0.023; 0.014; and 0.030; respectively). Thin steaks possessed greater cohesiveness (P = 0.038) and shear force ( P = 0.007) values. Meanwhile, thin steaks exhibited lower springiness (P = 0.002). The measured alterations in thermal and physical proper- ties in the beef steaks suggest that the composition, thickness, and cooking regiments impact the microstructure of beef, and this was ultimately confirmed through textural measurements. The results of this research can be used in the design of cooking processes that match beef characteristics.


Objective: To find the defects in local mental health regulations announced in recent years in Mainland China and provide recommendations for mental health legislation.Methods: Using a five-point scale for each dimension,the contents of the six local mental health regulations were assessed based on the World Health Organization on Mental Health Legislation Checklist by a group of researchers collectively.Results: Within the six local mental health regulations evaluated,there were no significant differences.Compared with the World Health Organization on Mental Health Legislation Checklist,these regulations are significantly lack of emphases on voluntary admission,voluntary treatment,involuntary hospitalization,involuntary treatment,involuntary treatment in the community,special treatment,mechanisms to supervise the investigation of criminal treatment of mental disorders,protection of vulnerable groups,protection of mental disorders in employment,housing,and social security,etc.Conclusion: China' s mental health legislation need to clearly define the procedures and time limitation for involuntary admission and treatments,clearly define feasible mechanism and routines of review,supervision and judicial remedies,and clearly define provisions or implementation details on employment and social security,housing rights of people with mental disorders.


Perfectionism is a complex multidimensional state with positive and negative outcomes. Research has identified that parents could influence perfectionistic inclinations, which may lead to increased levels of anxiety and ultimately lead to maladaptive tendencies. The aim of the study is to explore the role of parents in the experience of perfectionism in South African university music students. A total of 93 BA (Music) and BMus music students from four South African university music departments participated in the quantitative study by completing the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS). The data were analyzed according to the variables of academic institution, type of music degree, academic year of study, gender, home language, and main instrument. The results showed significant differences in BA (Music) students who scored significantly higher than the BMus students in the dimensions Parental Expectations and Parental Criticism, along with students from the African language group. The study provides valuable insight into the perfectionistic trends of South African undergraduate music students, with particular emphasis on the parental dimensions of perfectionism.


Ethylene oxide -- a widely used general-purpose fumigant of museum, library and archive materials -- is more toxic than previously supposed; it is now a recognized mutagen and is suspected of being a carcinogen. Aeration after fumigation is not so simple and rapid as formerly thought; tests have indicated that most materials will retain some ETO and release it slowly. Monitoring of personnel exposure, careful purging of the chamber and unloading procedures are among new precautions advocated. Investigation continues at the CCI.


We analyze a simple model of bilateral bargaining under asymmetric information where the seller of an object can not simply say "no" by default to a buyer who is supposed to make a take-it-or-leave-it oer. Rather, he must acquire this option before the actual bargaining process begins. This choice is observable to the buyer, and hence, the seller's prebargaining action might signal private information. We develop a complete characterization of Perfect Bayesian Equilibrium in pure and (strictly) mixed strategies for this game. Then the model is compared to a standard bargaining setting in terms of the realization of welfare enhancing propertyright changes.


members, and abuses of power. This analysis demonstrates the core dilemma associations face: they need to provide more services to members, but their reliance on the government and interest in participating in governance pulls them away from focusing more attention on member services. The seventh chapter looks directly at association– government relationships, analysing the participation of associations in policy-making related to industrial development. The one weak part of the book is Chapter 5, on 'social governance', which examines the participation of industrial associations in areas such as environmental protection, wage negotiations, and food safety. Empirical evidence in these areas is relatively weak, and the authors uncritically embrace the notion that industrial associations should perform roles in social governance – roles that draw them even further away from services to members and tie them even more closely to the government. Overall, this book is a valuable contribution to the literature on the wide variety of associations that have emerged in China since the 1980s. It is full of fresh empirical data, and the close organizational analysis sheds light on business associations in a particularly vibrant part of China. Industrial associations are now a ubiquitous part of China's political-economic landscape, and the authors have provided an insightful picture of the issues and dilemmas these associations face in navigating the space between business and government.


Objective To investigate the effect of TGF-β1/SMAD signaling pathway on K562 cells growth inhibition caused by HMBA. Methods After establishing the in vitro differentiation model with HMBA on K562 cells, the MTT assay was used to detect the proliferation of K562 cells, the cell cycle profile was detected by flow cytometry, and the mRNA expression of TGF-β1, SMAD3, SMAD4 and EVI1 was measured by RT-PCR assay. Results HMBA could inhibit the proliferation and promote the differentiation of K562 cells obviously, which was time and concentration-dependent, and the 72 h corresponding IC50, was about 2 mmol/L. Within 72 h, flow cytometry assay indicated that the ration of G0-G1 phase cells was up-regulated, and the results of RT-PCR showed that relative mRNA expression of TGF-β1, SMAD3 and SMAD4 at mRNA level was increased gradually while that of EVI1 was decreased gradually. Conclusion HMBA can inhibit K562 cells proliferation through TGF-β1/SMAD signaling pathway.

Key words:
Transforming growth factor betal;  SMAD proteins;  K562 cells;  Hexamethylene bisacetamide


PRINCETON, N.J.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Bristol-Myers Squibb Company (NYSE:BMY) announced today the results of ONO-4538-12 demonstrat ing Opdivo (nivolumab) significantly reduced the risk of death by 37% (HR 0.63; p<0.0001) in patients with previously treated advanced gastric cancer refractory to or intolerant of standard therapy, a condit ion without current standard-of-care treatments. ONO-4538-12 is a Phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial evaluating Opdivo's efficacy and safety in such patients. The primary endpoint of the study is overall survival (OS). Median OS was 5.32 months (95% CI: 4.63 to 6.41) for patients treated with Opdivo, compared to 4.14 months (95% CI: 3.42 to 4.86) (p<0.0001) for those treated with placebo. In addit ion, the 12-month OS in the Opdivo group was 26.6% (95% CI: 21.1 to 32.4) versus 10.9% (95% CI: 6.2 to 17.0) in the placebo group. Patients treated with Opdivo also experienced an object ive response rate of 11.2% (95% CI: 7.7 to 15.6) compared to 0% (95% CI: 0.0 to 2.8) with placebo and a median duration of response of 9.53 months (95% CI: 6.14 to 9.82), which were secondary endpoints.


The micromotion of the porous-coated femoral prosthesis is one of the important factors that affect the ingrowth of bone tissue on the prosthesis surface in the total hip replacement treatment. In order to facilitate the analysis of such micromotion, the authors developed an algorithm using a Boolean neural network applied to a video image tracking system, yielding inspiring results.<<ETX>>


A carbon-based industry, such as oil refinery, needs to change its business model to achieve a green business. Considering the existing too much data, the modeling procedure is complex. Therefore, combination of the Fuzzy Delphi method and System Dynamics can be considered to cover this complexity. The starting point in this work is literature review of prior studies on the same common topic and green business, and it relies on a Fuzzy Delphi method to define main parameters. Based on the experts' opinions, management support (0.78), cost (0.77), knowledge management (0.73), quality (0.64), staff training and empowering (0.63) customer satisfaction (0.63), environmental plan (0.61), production and process design (0.58) as well as suppliers (0.35) are the determining parameters in modeling green oil refining industry, respectively. Application of the results of the scenarios proposed based on importance illustrates the increasing share of the green business financial resource in considerable growth (39 %) of applying the green business model by 50% chance. Financial investing in the recycling plan leads up to a positive effect (43%) by almost equal chance of 50%-100%. Investing in staff training and empowerment leads to 37.5 % growth in exploiting the green business model with 50% chance. In conclusion, the oil refining organizations must pay attention to the above-mentioned part of their business to generate income and save environmental resources.


The kings of Egypt were not originally called pharaohs by the ancient Egyptians. In the late First Dynasty, the term used was nesu-bit, referring to the king, with the additional idea that the king was a combination of divine and mortal. 1 The term "pharaoh" for the king of Egypt developed over time, and was also used by the Hebrews and Greeks to describe the Egyptian ruler. Today, we commonly use the term "pharaoh" with reference to the kings of Ancient Egypt, including the Hyksos and Ptolemaic rulers, but usually not the Persian rulers, although many of them did have a formal Egyptian title manufactured for themselves. 2


In this article we introduce some vector valued difference double sequence spaces defined by Orlicz function. We study some of their properties like symmetricity, completeness etc. and prove some inclusion results.


Theological education has much to learn from recent research and thinking in educational philosophy. Like higher education generally, theological education has had an overemphasis on objective knowledge usually communicated through the preferred method of the lecture. Research into adult education, however, reveals the importance of a holistic approach to educating adults, the use of different teaching and learning styles, development of a community of learning and the personal authenticity of the educator. Various educators such as Mezirow, Vella and Palmer offer significant insights that can assist in the development of a teaching approach for theology. For adults, teaching and learning is an integral part of the Christian life. This may occur in a wide variety of settings ranging from the church service (where the tool of choice tends to be the sermon), small bible study groups, short courses run by churches and organisation, and of course formal theological education. As a theological educator, I became concerned a number of years ago about the teaching methods being used in theological education and have recently completed a research project exploring how to teach and learn more effectively. One aspect of that research was to determine what insights could be drawn from educational philosophy that would impact how to teach theology. This article will draw together these insights and their implications for theological education.


Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common type of partial epilepsy in adults (Manford et al., 1992). Traditionally, TLE has been viewed as an acquired, usually drug-resistant epilepsy associated with mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS) and history of prolonged febrile convulsions, which often requires surgical treatment (Falconer et al., 1964). In the literature, this view was reinforced primarily by the abundance of intensive investigations for those patients with refractory TLE and seen as candidates for surgery. Epidemiologic studies, however, provided growing evidence that patients with TLE may have mild courses and enter spontaneous remission, with or without antiepileptic medication (Hauser, 1992; King et al., 1998). Because it has in the past received poor attention, the apparent low prevalence of milder forms of TLE might be related to a bias and simply be wrong. In agreement with this hypothesis, an old study (Currie et al., 1971) devised to establish the clinical features and outcomes in a group of patients with TLE attending a general hospital and not deliberately selected, found a good prognosis in about two-thirds of them.


The nanocomposite polymer – inorganic materials formation, the study of their morphology and mechanical properties at the nanolevel is acute in the development of new materials for various functional purposes, including medical ones. As a result of the research the technique for producing singleand multilayer films of polyvinyl alcohol and composite polymer coatings with aluminum oxide nanoparticles by the spin coating method has been developed. It is shown that the optimal mass content of aluminum oxide nanoparticles in suspension for the formation of uniform composite coatings is 0.625 %. Based on experimental data on the structuralmorphological and mechanical properties of the formed coatings obtained by atomic force microscopy, it has been found that an increase in the number of layers of composite coatings leads to an increase in the number of conglomerates which, in turn, increases the surface roughness of the films. The modulus of elasticity of single-layer films of polyvinyl alcohol is (509.5 ± 10 %) MPa. In the case of composite coatings with aluminum oxide nanoparticles, changes in the elastic modulus have been established for multilayer coatings: an increase to 559.0 MPa (5 layers) and a decrease to 415.2 MPa (10 layers). The modulus of elasticity of the investigated single-layer coatings is significantly reduced in the range of 20−40 ºС. The smallest values after exposure to temperatures have been determined for films with nanoparticles (236.2 ± 10 %) MPa. Nanocomposites demonstrate an increase in the contact angle with an increase in the number of layers of composite coatings up to 20. A subsequent increase in the thickness of the coatings (the number of layers) leads to an increase in the hydrophilicity of the nanocomposites. The developed compositions of nanocomposite films are promising as sorption coatings.


Objective: To study the relation between cleft palate and blood group. Methods: 189 cases of cleft palate patients and 2546 control cases were studied. We adopted Hardy Weinberg for identical test, Bernstain method for ABO hereditary gene frequency. Woolf method for relative risk (RR) and χ2 test. Results: 1) The patients total χ2 was 00853 P0.05. 2) The variation of o group distribution is very remarkable (μ=264, P001). 3) Blood group antigen analysis shown RR of o group is 15134 (χ2=69249 P001). 4) Different sex blood group analysis showed only o group male patients was more than A group male patients. 5) Different sex blood group antigen analysis showed the RR of o group in men was 15735(χ2=6.43 P001). Conclusion: There is a reliable relation between cleft palate and blood group. Cleft is related to sex, o group men are more likely to suffer from cleft palate.


Abstract This article presents topics concerning fire hazards during the use of low-speed diesel engines in marine vehicles. The causes and effects of fires in the spaces of scavenge air receivers in marine diesel engines are presented. Methods to prevent and fight these fires are shown, including the operating procedures required from ship engine room operators. The possibility of training personnel to apply the abovementioned procedures during operation using simulations of a Kongsberg MC-90 IVship engine room is presented. Simulations were conducted which included a fire in a scavenge air receiver occurring during the operation of a MAN B&W 5L90MC main engine, with loads corresponding to 50% and 100% of the machine's recommended setting.


This study aimed to discuss the relationship between interferon regulatory factor (IRF)5 gene rs2004640 T/G polymorphism and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) susceptibility.


The transactivating function of the A/B region of mouse peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα; NR1C1) was characterized. The truncated version of PPARα lacking the A/B region had 60–70% lower transactivating function than full-length PPARα in both the presence and absence of the peroxisome proliferator ciprofibrate. When tethered to the yeast Gal4 DNA-binding domain, the A/B region exhibited the significant ligand-independent transactivating function, AF-1 activity. The first 44 amino acid residues were necessary for maximal transactivation, and the minimally essential region was further delimited to amino acids 15–44. This region is highly enriched with acidic residues, but mutational analyses showed that the protein structure, rather than the negative charge itself, was important for the AF-1 activity. An α-helical configuration was predicted for this region, and a CD spectrum analysis of the synthetic peptides showed that mutant sequences with higher AF-1 activity have higher helical contents and vice versa. The most active mutant, in which Met31 was replaced with Leu, was ∼5-fold more potent than the wild-type A/B region. These findings indicate that the AF-1 region of PPARα is an acidic activation domain and that the helix-forming property is implicated in the transactivating function.


Ghrelin,an endogenous ligand for the growth hormone secretagogue receptor,is be a 28-amino acid peptide. This peptide was originally reported to induce growth hormone release. Large evidence,however, has indicated many other physiological activities of ghrelin,including regulation of food intake and energy balance,blood pressure,lipid and glucose metabolism,as well as cardiovascular prevention,revealing the possible therapeutic role of ghrelin for treating cardiovascular diseases,especially atherosclerosis.


The paper is devoted to the calculation of axisymmetric article of complex shape, obtained by the method of negative thermoforming


Maxillofacial and dental defects often cause detrimental effects to patient health and appearance. A holistic approach of restoring lost dentition along with bone and soft tissue is now the standard treatment of these defects. Recent improvements in reconstructive techniques over the past number of decades especially osseointegration, microvascular free tissue transfer and improvements in bone engineering have yielded excellent functional and aesthetic outcomes. This article reviews the literature on these modern reconstructive and rehabilitation techniques.


Abstract A discussion is presented of the process of looking into science, particularly microscopy, whilst being concerned with its representation and its public understanding and dissemination in the context of curating exhibitions. Historical examples explored include the studies of the fruit fly, Drosophila, and the works of noted scientists including Mendel, Grew, Leeuwenhoek, Hooke, Baker, Lister and Quekett. How the development of modern equipment and techniques such as scanning electron microscopy led to advances in histology and physiology is examined. The current importance of medical imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography (PET) and computerized tomography (CT) scanning is discussed. A particular mention is made of the artistic works of Kessler based on electron microscopy.


Sustainable development of education is the important part of sustainable development for the whole society.The paper analyses the influence of natural environment and human environment on education in Meizhou,and it comes out that sealed environment and backward economy restrict sustainable development of Meizhou which Hakka culture plays an irreplaceable role in.As follows it puts forward some suggestions to promote sustainable development of Meizhou which include: elevating strategic position of education,accelerating the step of opening education,training all kinds of talent proportionately,optimizing the arrangement of education resources,taking advantage of hometown of overseas Chinese,and strengthening construction of high school.


This thesis is about children's literature writers Zhang Ning-jing and Wang Wen-hua, explain about the secondary world. Furthermore, the thesis compares the difference between their novel's significance, and finds out the meanings of the eternal theme for children's novels—— the growth and initiation. This thesis emphasis is on the secondary world of Zhang Ning-jing and Wang Wen-hua, and also reveals to their view of education . The main fundamental discourse in this thesis is secondary world.I will compare their novel in vertically and horizontally,to highlight the essence and meaning of the secondary world. This thesis is divided into three parts. The first part include chapter 1 and chapter 2, they are about the motivation of the research and "the formation and development of space-travel stories." Therefore we can understand why their use "space-travel stories" to highlight the educational meaning. The second part of the thesis is about the situations, characters, and plots. It is include Chapter3 "the situations of secondary world of spacing-travel stories" ,Chapter4"the characters of spacing-travel," and Chapter5 " the plots of spacing-travel." They are explain about the structure of spacing-travel stories. The third part is chapter 6 "into the knowledge of spacing-travel stories",it is the extending of part two .I will going to explain how the writers exhibits education with entertainment. And by the discourse of "at home/ leave home / back home", we can make a conclusion to the meanings of eternal theme for children's novels—— the growth and initiation.


Abstract This paper describes the preparation of a preliminary set of maps of gradient‐level wind climate over Canada and some neighbouring regions of the United States. The data for this study were drawn from twice‐daily records of radiosonde ascents at a network of ten Canadian upper air stations. The period covered by the data was 1960–69, and this was supplemented by statistical information on upper level winds at fourteen points in the United States. The analysis and subsequent mapping were carried out for 300 and 500 m above ground level and were based on a number of statistical models: the bivariate Gaussian distribution of wind velocities characterized by the vector mean and standard vector deviation, monthly Weibull distributions of wind speed and a new model of extreme annual wind occurrences developed from a consideration of wind as a stochastic process.


Photoacoustics allows the determination of enthalpy and volume changes on the microsecond time scale of photoexcited reaction centers from Rhodobacter sphaeroides, PSI and PSII centers from Synechocystis and of both centers in whole cells of that cyanobacterium. Both the volume decrease, -25 A3 and the enthalpy, -0.4 eV, are the same for the bacterial centers and PSI. However the volume change for PSII is near zero and the enthalpy far larger, -1 eV. Assigning the volume changes to electrostriction allows a coherent explanation of these observations. One can explain the large volume decrease in the bacterial centers with an effective dielectric coefficient of ~4. This is a unique approach to this parameter so important in estimation of protein energetics. The value of the volume contraction for PSI can only be obtained if the acceptor is the super-complex (Fe4S4)(SR4) with charge change from ?1 to ?2. The simple complex Fe4S4 with charge change from +3 to +2 would produce twice as large a positive expansion of the volume. The null result with PSII is explained by sub-microsecond electron transfer from the neighboring tyrosine Z anion to the P680 cation. The result is that charge is only moved from the tyrosine anion to the quinone with no separation of charge and thus very little change in electrostriction.Thus the tyrosine is anionic or the proton transfer to a polar region occurs in sub-microsecond time.


The 2nd Fire Behavior and Fuels Conference: Fire Environment -- Innovations, Management and Policy was held in Destin, FL, March 26-30, 2007. Following on the success of the 1st Fire Behavior and Fuels Conference, this conference was initiated in response to the needs of the National Wildfire Coordinating Group -- Fire Environment Working Team.


This letter presents the properties of the generated Rayleigh/Rician fading channels in the reverberation chamber (RC) experimentally. Radio propagation channels that undergo multipath fading phenomena can be characterized by power delay profiles (PDPs), delay spreads, and statistical distributions of the received power. The RC under the conventional configuration for electromagnetic compatibility/electromagnetic interference (EMC/EMI) evaluations has Rayleigh distribution because there are no direct paths between the TX and RX antennas. Most of the transmitted signals arrive at the RX part through multiple reflection paths. By changing the boundary conditions and the position of the TX antenna, Rayleigh/Rician fading channels with variable root-mean-square (RMS) delay spread can be generated in the RC considering K-factor simultaneously.


The paper explores the quality control measures at supervision of construction stage,illustrates the quality supervision points and precautions in the construction preparation stage,the construction process and complete acceptance stage by combining with the factors which influence the engineering quality,so as to direct the practice.


Mango fruit is one of the most important fruits in terms of nutritional value. One of the important characters of mango is the presence of antioxidants such as polyphenols, carotenoids, and anthocyanins in its fruits and vegetables. These compounds are involved in preventing diseases and maintaining health in humans. Amino acids have been used to preserve and enhance fruits quality. In this study, the mango fruits of a local cultivar were sprayed with the arginine amino acid at concentrations of 0, 200, and 400 µM at the time of fruit formation and 10 days after this stage. Results showed that total phenolics, anthocyanins, carotenoids, antioxidant capacity, total soluble solids, pH, fruit weight, and seed weight of the fruits increased with the increase in arginine concentration and 400 μM arginine had a better effect on these characters. Comparison of the times of application indicated that the second stage of the foliar application was generally more effective than the first stage in increasing the studied characters.


The network literature is accompany with a kind of new literature style that the high technology development appear,its basic characteristic lie in popularize.This kind of is popularize to be the form,contents that passes the network literature,appreciate beauty to pursue and worth body now etc.the aspect performance come out.


It will start from the understanding of the concept of quality management system, when it begins to govern and what it is for and likewise knowing the main objective of IFRS, correlating these two systems is a benefit in the result of said organization to improve the implementation processes and handling of international standards and likewise in all other techniques within this organization.


With the combination of a single crystal diamond anvil cell and a polycapillary half-lens, the local structural evolution around germanium in tetrahedrally networked quartz-like α-GeO2 has been investigated using extended x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy of up to 14 GPa by multiple-scattering analysis method. While the first shell Ge–O bond distances show a slight contraction with increasing pressure, the third shell Ge–O bond distances are found to decrease dramatically. The sluggish lengthening of the first shell Ge–O bond distances, initiated by coordination increase from fourfold to sixfold, occurs in the 7–14 GPa range just when the third shell Ge–O bond distances fall in the region of the second shell Ge–Ge bond distances. Moreover, these features are accompanied by the closing of intertetrahedral Ge–O–Ge angles and the opening of two intratetrahedral O–Ge–O angles, whose topological configuration surprisingly exhibits a helical chirality along the c axis that is opposite to the double helices of the corner-linked GeO4 tetrahedra. These results suggest that the high-pressure phase transitions in quartz and quartz-like materials could be associated with a structural instability that is driven by the drastic collapse of the next-nearest-neighbour anion shell, which is consistent with the emergence of high-symmetry anion sublattice. Our findings provide crucial insights into the densification mechanisms of quartz-like oxides, which would have broad implications for our understanding of the metastability of various post-quartz crystalline phases and pressure-induced amorphization.


The Transportation Security Laboratory (TSL) performs testing of explosives detection systems using explosives and other hazardous materials. Inert simulants are also used as substitutes in potentially dangerous testing situations or at testing locations where explosives are prohibited. Each simulant must first be verified that it accurately represents the material on the specific detection platform it was designed for. In addition to the simulant-threat matching, lot-to-lot quality control testing is performed for simulants and threats to ensure that their physical properties remain consistent. Historically, x-ray verification has been limited to using features such as electron density and effective atomic number. While efficient, these features are limited in their application, as they do not provide information related to the material's structural properties. In this study, four classification methods were tested using imagery-derived texture features to characterize materials and distinguish them from one another. The first three approaches (k-nearest neighbors, support-vector machine, and artificial neural network) were tested using 22 first- and second-order texture features derived from computed tomography images. The fourth method (convolutional neural network) used internally derived features. Based on the test results, a determination was made that the CNN and k-NN were the best algorithms to use to characterize materials based on their texture features.


In order to study the effect of conformational changes in electron-transfer reactions of Co(III)–polymer complexes, cis-[Co(III)(en)2LCl]Cl2, where the ligand L is PVI(poly-N-vinyl-2-methylimidazole) or NEI (N-ethylimidazole), was prepared. Electrontransfer reactions with ferrous sulfate or FeEDTA2− were examined mainly with respect to the effects of the degree of coordination, ionic strength, composition of reaction solvent, in relation to the conformational changes. In the reduction by FeEDTA2−, an increase in the degree of coordination of Co(III)–PVI brought about an extreme increase in its reactivity, while it was almost unity in the reduction by ferrous sulfate. With an increase in the ionic strength, the reactivity decreased due to the electrostatic shielding in the reduction by FeEDTA2−. It was noticed that the reaction of Co(III)–PVI was much more enthalpically disadvantageous due to the shrinkage of the polymer chain than that of Co(III)–NEI, when neutral salts were added. In an aqueous alcoholic solvent, an increase in the alcohol concentration accelerated the reaction with FeEDTA2−, and especially in the reaction of Co(III)-PVI, the maximum and minimum points of the reactivity were observed. On increasing the reaction temperature, the maximum and minimum points shifted to lower alcohol concentration. These phenomena are discussed in regard to the conformational changes of Co(III)–PVI.


Software ecosystems have experienced great popularity in the last decade because they help establishing a network of users, partners, and service providers. Large companies such as Apple, Amazon, Google and Facebook have contributed to the popularity of this approach influencing different companies to establish their own software ecosystems. A recent trend is the transition from software products into software ecosystems by opening the product's architecture to allow external actors to engage in product development and, especially, refinement. However, several business, organizational and technological challenges need to be faced when transitioning to a software ecosystem. This paper presents a methodology for the development of software ecosystems based on the evolution of a software product architecture into a software ecosystem architecture. This methodology provides a guide to facilitate the development of an ecosystem architecture minimally prepared for issues that influence its launch, evolution and success.


Quantifying land use/cover and its ecological consequences in urban area is essential in urban environment science, geography and urban ecology. Land surface temperature is undoubtedly one of the most significant parameters in urban. The distribution pattern characteristic of heat environment, which is the indicator of ecological process of urban landscape changes and environmental effect, deserves thorough research. In this paper, taken Zhujiang Delta as the study area, we derived the land surface temperature at the pixel size of 30m×30m from Landsat TM image in 2006. Landscape metrics and gradient analysis of heat environment pattern in Zhujiang Delta were employed and compared. A transect, which is 150km long and 10km wide was established across east to west in the central including Foshan, Guangzhou and Dongguan. The results show that heat environment pattern along urbanization area could be quantified and detected by the method of landscape metrics and gradient, different heat landscapes show their gradient characteristics along urban-rural gradient obviously. In class level, the percentage of landscape and patch density of high temperature, sub high temperature and low temperature show their gradient characteristics apparently. High temperature type was the dominant class in urban core, while sub medium temperature and low temperature type was the main heat landscape type in rural area. In landscape level, different metrics showed quite diverse. In the urban fringe, heat pattern showed very complex result from the various land use. The study also confirms that the approach of integration of landscape metrics and gradient analysis is reliably a useful tool to monitor the heat environment pattern along urban-rural transect.


The DVB standard does not mandate the use of authentication and integrity protection for transport streams. This allows malicious third parties to replace legitimate broadcasts by overpowering terrestrial transmissions. The rogue signal can then deliver a malicious broadcast stream to exploit security vulnerabilities on Smart TVs (STVs) in range. We implemented a proof-of-concept attack based on a malicious Hybrid Broadcast Broadband TV app, able to acquire permanent system-level access to an STV over the air, in less than 10 s. These attacks, however, are severely limited in range due to required co-channel protection ratios (CCPRs), which is in direct contradiction to previous publications. We present evidence for these limitations in form of laboratory experiments, extensive simulations, and field measurements. To this end, we developed an automated, low-cost method for CCPR determination, as well as a method for non-disruptive attack range measurements based on a gap filler and the resulting channel impulse response.


This PhD project investigates geological and geochemical conditions controlling the presence of oil and gas on the Norwegian Continental Shelf. Analysis of Mesozoic age cores from the southwestern Barents Sea and outcrops from sites on Svalbard reveals that the Middle Triassic Botneheia and Steinkobbe formations and the Upper Jurassic Hekkingen Formation are good to excellent source rocks for oil generation. However, the organic matter quality of these sediments and hence their hydrocarbon generation potential vary laterally. More oilprone source rocks have, in general, developed in western areas such as the Svalis Dome and Svalbard compared to the southern and eastern areas such as the Hammerfest Basin and Nordkapp Basin. Analyses of thermally low mature rocks indicate that the Botneheia and Steinkobbe formations are more oil-prone than the Hekkingen Formation, which is traditionally considered as the major source for oil in the southwestern Barents Sea.


The article discusses the issue of reporting the usage of e-resources and e-services, which are part of a comprehensive library activity - not always properly exposed in reports and in the recommendations of projects and standards of library statistics. The visits of the users and the size of the shared library in the reading rooms of the scientific libraries and the rental office were compared with the usage of e-resources available in the subscribed databases and own databases. The presented analysis shows that users did not leave libraries, but only changed the form of using their offer, which many years ago began to move to virtual reality. A discussion is also proposed on the creation of a unified template for a library report, containing all library activities in the digital world addressed at its users, starting from e-resources, to the development of collections, to tasks related to running a website and library promotion. A clear library activity report in the digital world will enable abetter understanding of the work performed by its employees.


Comics, also known as sequential art, embody under-examined therapeutic potential. This paper describes an online art therapy group that enquired whether synchronous, asynchronous, and mixed-method...