The historical primacy of social harm from drinking In modern industrial societies, the primary rubric under which alcohol-related problems are usually considered is that of health or mental health. The main governing image for individuals with drinking-related problems-alcoholism or the alcohol dependence syndrome-is classed in the International Classification of Diseases as a mental health disorder. Treatment or counseling agencies for alcohol problems are usually under the aegis of the ministry of health. Substantial attention is often paid to the health consequences of heavy drinking: liver cirrhosis, head and neck cancers, the fetal alcohol syndrome, and so on. These days, a new health consequencethe potential protective effects of moderate drinking for heart disease-is being factored into individual and policy decisions. But typically, the factoring is in an equation where only health consequences are considered-where the issue is defined in terms of balancing livers against hearts. It is thus easy for us to forget that it is historically more common for societies to define alcohol-related problems in terms of social harms from drinking. While there is a wide variety of harms for which alcohol has somewhere been seen as responsible, in European and North American societies the major social harms with which alcohol has been identified form a fairly short list: problems of public order or demeanor and of alcohol-related violence; problems in the performance of family and parental roles; and problems in work roles and of lost productivity. In recent decades, casualties related to drinking-particularly those due to driving while intoxicated-have also been identified as a serious social problem (Gusfield, 1981). Although there have been variations over time in the degree of social attention paid to the problems, the profile of social harms attributed to alcohol, with the exception of drinkingdriving, has remained fairly constant since the heyday of the classical temperance movements. By the end of the 19th century, public drunkenness was criminalized in France, northern Europe and English-speaking countries. An early preoccupation of the U.S. temperance movement was with the contribution of drinking to crime; a mid-19th-century study estimated that three-quarters of all prisoners were in jail for drinkingrelated offenses. In the classical temperance era, the husband's drinking was also commonly blamed for "wife-whipping"-i.e., family violence (Levine, 1983). By the late l9th century, a main theme of the temperance movement's struggle against alcohol was "home protection"; stereotypically, the male's drinking was seen as threatening the peace, stability, and finances of the family, and more generally as opposed to women's interests (Levine, 1980). The concern over labor productivity actually dates much further back; in medieval Europe, this lay behind the criminalization of loitering in taverns, particularly in times of labor shortage. In the l9th century, many industrial capitalists sided with temperance interests and often built alcohol-free factory towns, seeing workers' drinking as a threat to the efficiency and safety of their industrial enterprises. During the First World War, Britain nationalized the brewers and taverns in shipbuilding areas as a way of maximizing shipyard productivity for the war effort. Alcohol and social harm today: perceptions and records To a greater or lesser extent, the same general issues and concerns continue today. In some but not all developed societies, public drunkenness continues to be seen as problematic, although in many places there has been at least a partial decriminalization. In the Soviet alcohol reforms of 1985, the official rhetoric was primarily directed against two main problems: public drunkenness-particularly in the form of street drinking groups-and loss of productivity from workplace drinking (Partanen, 1987). In terms of numbers of arrests and convictions, two major alcohol-specific crimes, drinking-driving offenses and public drunkenness, continue to hold a prominent place in U. …


Materials and Methods: Twenty osteoporotic postmenopausal women ageing between 50 to 60 years with BMI between 20.2 to 24.9 kg/m2 engaged in this study. They were assigned randomly into two equal groups. Participants of the group (I) received core training programme, while the group (II) received treadmill training programme lasting three months period. Bone mineral densities (BMD) at L2-L4 and right femoral neck were measured using a dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). The participants were tested twice; before and after the training programmes.


This paper presents the results of development of a millimeter wave range band pass filter. Coplanar waveguide sections are used to form resonators with end coupling. Filter synthesis is made using the results of electrodynamics analysis of discontinui-ties in the CST Microwave Studio software. The filter developed can be used as a part of mil-limeter wave range frequency converter.


Nanoclusters encapsulated in a metal–organic framework (MOF) are the subject of intense interest because of their high promise for photocatalysis. We show computationally that a CdSe nanocluster in...


ABSTRACT The 2018 reboot of ABC's hit sitcom Roseanne was a significant attempt from a major network to reach a new "pro-Trump audience." Turning its back on the feminist perspective of the original show (1988–1997), ABC green-lighted a rebooted Roseanne, defending it as a "cultural forum" at a time of national division. The historical interdependence of television, family and women coupled with the attempt from a national network to turn Trump voters into Trump publics leads to a renewed debate over the persistent idea of a "family crisis". Exploring the politics of the reboot shows how it produced fictive stories based on the definition of Trumpism in which "the" family, standing in for "the" people, must be protected from financial difficulties and modern values (e.g. surrogate motherhood, youth emancipation, or immigration). Using the nuclear-family household—television's best-charted territory since its beginnings—storylines champion a "family crisis" constituted by economic redistribution, welfare programs, or countercultural resources, and staunchly defend familialist solidarity.


The present study is concerned with the thermoelastic interactions in a two dimensional homogeneous, transversely isotropic thermoelastic solids without energy dissipation and with two temperatures in the context of Green - Naghdi model of type-II. The Laplace and Hankel transforms have been employed to find the general solution to the field equations. Concentrated normal force, normal force over the circular region and concentrated thermal source and thermal source over the circular region have been taken to illustrate the application of the approach. The components of displacements, stresses and conductive temperature distribution are obtained in the transformed domain. The resulting quantities are obtained in the physical domain by using numerical inversion technique. Numerically simulated results are depicted graphically to show the effect of two temperature and anisotropy on the components of normal stress, tangential stress and conductive temperature.


Aim: Methods: 540 children (53% boys) aged 2-14 years (mean age 8.4 years) were included in this prospective study. Demographic data, anthropometric indexes, alimentary and physical activity patterns were recorded and blood pressure was measured. TV time was determined as hours per day dedicated to watching television. Results: 46% of the sample spent >2h/day watching television, noticeably boys more than girls (51.4% vs. 40%, p=0.009). Daily TV time increased with age, with preschool-aged children reaching a mean time of 2.4h/day, elementary school-aged children 2.8h/day and adolescents 3.3h/day, respectively (p 2 years of age should limit screen time to < 2h/day might reduce its negative impacts on their health.


Controversies about the management of injuries to the soft tissue structures of the posteromedial corner of the knee and the contribution of such peripheral structures on rotational stability of the knee are of increasing interest and currently remain inadequately characterised. The posterior oblique ligament (POL) is a fibrous extension off the distal aspect of the semimembranosus that blends with and reinforces the posteromedial aspect of the joint capsule. The POL is reported to be a primary restraint to internal rotation and a secondary restraint to valgus translation and external rotation. Although its role as a static stabiliser to the medial knee has been previously described, the effect of the posterior oblique ligament (POL) injuries on tibiofemoral stability during Lachman and pivot shift examination in the setting of ACL injury is unknown. The objective of this study was to quantify the magnitude of tibiofemoral translation during the Lachman and pivot shift tests after serial sectioning of the ACL and POL. Eight knees were used for this study. Ligamentous constraints were sequentially sectioned in the following order: ACL first, followed by the POL. Navigated mechanised pivot shift and Lachman examinations were performed before and after each structure was sectioned, and tibiofemoral translation was recorded. Lachman test: There was a mean 6.0 mm of lateral compartment translation in the intact knee (SD = 3.3 mm). After sectioning the ACL, translation increased to 13.8 mm (SD = 4.6; P 0.05). Mechanised pivot shift: Mean lateral compartment translation in the intact knee was −1.2 mm (SD = 3.2 mm). Sectioning the ACL caused an increase in anterior tibial translation (mean = 6.7 mm; SD = 3.0 mm; P 0.05). Sectioning the POL did not significantly alter tibiofemoral translation in the ACL deficient knee during the Lachman and pivot shift tests. This study brings into question whether injuries to the POL require reconstruction in conjunction with ACL reconstruction. More studies are needed to further characterise the role of the injured POL in knee stability and its clinical relevance in the ACL deficient and reconstructed knee.


Data on slow progression following HIV-1 infection in Africa are sparse. From a study on the natural history of HIV-1 infection in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, an analysis of immunological and clinical data from 237 HIV-1 seropositive individuals was performed. Annual CD4 cell determinations were carried out by flow cytometry. None was on antiretroviral treatment. CD4+ cell slopes were obtained by fitting a linear regression model. A study population of 50 individuals with >3 CD4 cell determinations and followed for >5 y had a mean follow-up of 72.7 months, and mean 5.7 CD4+ cell determinations. With a criterion of maintaining a CD4 cell count ≥500 cells/µl, 8 of the 50 (16.0%) were long-term non-progressors (LTNP). With a definition of maintaining a CD4+ cell slope ≤ −10 (a loss of 10 or less cells per y), 13 (26.0%) were long-term slow progressors (LTSP). 11 of them (84.6%) had a baseline CD4 cell count <500 cells/µl and 5(38.5%) had a baseline CD4 cell count less than 350 cells/µl. An analysis of the selection bias introduced during slope determination is presented. With no selection, 24 (23.3%) would have documented slow CD4 progression among those enrolled for 5 or more y regardless of CD4 determinations.


BACKGROUND
IDH-mutant anaplastic astrocytomas (AA) are chemosensitive tumours for which the best choice of adjuvant chemotherapy between procarbazine, CCNU and vincristine (PCV) or temozolomide (TMZ) after radiotherapy (RT) remains unclear.

METHODS
In a large cohort of patients with histologically proven WHO 2016 AA with IDH1/2 mutations included in the French national POLA cohort (n=355), the primary objective was to compare progression-free survival (PFS) between the two treatment regimens (n=311). Secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS), progression type, pseudoprogression rate, and toxicity.

RESULTS
The 4-year PFS in the RT + PCV arm was 70.8% vs 53.5% in the RT + TMZ arm, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.58 CI95% [0.38; 0.87], P=0.0074 in univariable analysis and 0.63 CI95% [0.41; 0.97], P=0.0348 in multivariable analysis. The 4-year OS in the RT + PCV arm was 84.3% vs 76.6% in the RT + TMZ arm, with a HR of 0.57 CI95% [0.30; 1.05], P=0.0675 in univariable analysis. Toxicity was significantly higher in the RT + PCV arm with more grade ≥3 toxicity (46.7% versus 8.6%, P<0.0001).

CONCLUSIONS
RT + PCV significantly improved PFS compared to RT + TMZ for IDH-mutant AA. However, RT + TMZ was better tolerated.

IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE
In the absence of fully conducted randomized trials comparing PCV to TMZ in adjuvant treatment after RT for the management of IDH-mutant AA and a similar level of evidence, these two chemotherapies are both equally recommended in international guidelines. Our study in a national cohort of IDH-mutant AA defined according the 2016 WHO classification shows for the first time that the RT + PCV regimen significantly improves PFS in comparison to the RT + TMZ regimen. Even if at the time of analysis the difference in OS was not significant, this result provides new evidence for the debate about the chemotherapy regimen to prescribe in adjuvant treatment to RT for WHO 2016 IDH-mutant AA.


The invention discloses a powder-metallurgy valve seat insert. The invention is characterized in that the powder-metallurgy valve seat insert is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 64-65 parts of valve steel powder, 4.3-4.5 parts of Ni, 1.3-1.5 parts of Cu, 23-25 parts of tool steel powder, 0.3-0.5 part of graphite powder, 5.3-5.5 parts of Mo, 62.3-64.5 parts of iron powder, 1.4-1.8 parts of Ti, 2.1-2.4 parts of B, 0.5-0.85 part of Li and 2-3 parts of assistant. The high-temperature wear-resistant corrosion-resistant valve steel powder, high-temperature thermosetting iron alloy powder and graphite powder are added to enhance the wear resistance and lubricating property of the valve seat insert, so that the manufactured valve seat insert has the advantages of compact structure, favorable microstructure, fewer pores, high structural stiffness, high hardness, high fatigue resistance and high tensile strength.


The article deals with the content of the process of formation of family values in junior boarding school children. The purpose of the article is to reveal the possibilities of artistic and aesthetic environment in the formation of family values among pupils of boarding institutions. The article focuses on the potential of a pedagogically organized artistic and aesthetic environment in family education of pupils of boarding schools. The methods of research include analysis, generalization of material on the use of the potential of art in educational work with younger schoolchildren, modeling the organization of the process of artistic and aesthetic environment as a value-semantic context of interaction between adults and children. The methodology of research is based on the environmental approach to the formation of family values among pupils of boarding schools, which allows optimizing the pedagogical potential of art through appeal to the internal potential of pupils in the process of experience and cognizing artistic images carriers of family values and self-expression in creative art. As a result of their research, the authors determined the forms and methods of educational work by means of art and art-creative activity of students. The obtained results may be used for the development of the theory and methods of training and upbringing (general education). The results of practical implementation of the developed models have shown the importance of pedagogically organized artistic and aesthetic environment in the formation of value-oriented relation to the family and positive models of family relationships at boarding schools.


Underactuated grippers aim to simplify the control strategies for performing stable grasps due
to their inherent shape adaptability. While at the beginning, the main research area was focused
on developing human-like robotic hands for disabled people, in the last years, a new eld of
application appeared with the constant evolution of the industry: the implementation of a single
underactuated gripper as a replacement of diverse dedicated fully-actuated grippers. However,
two main issues are restraining its use: the stability of the grasp and the speed of performance.
The rst is an active topic as all underactuated grippers need to ensure the stability of the
grasped object through an adequate kinematic design, while, the latter is not widely treated
as there weren't many application elds where high-speed was required and, at the end, the
quasi-static analysis must be also ensured.
For this reason, the present research work has been focused on the speed of the grasping.
In the rst place, an introduction to underactuated hands is made, and is followed by two
main stability criteria. Then, the development of a model for an underactuated nger that
allows analyzing the complete grasping sequence at high-speed along with a collision model are
presented. Following, a design-based analysis to simplify the model is performed, and the graspstate
volume tool is introduced in order to inspect the impact of the design variables on the
proposed criteria. In the last chapter, an optimization over the design space is performed and
a design is chosen, crosschecked with ADAMS software and prototyped. Finally, an overview
remarking the strengths and gaps in the research is presented in the form of conclusions, and
closing them, future works that could be interesting to develop.


difficulty in principle in the case of unequal errors on the real and imaginary parts of the amplitude. The same difficulty is shared also by the original work of Caprini and others in Loo norm. To avoid the difficulty the problem is reformulated in an annular domain introducing a discrepancy function. A numerical pole-search for a model amplitude shows that the present method is practically as powerful as or even better than the one in L oo norm.


The emerging advanced technology, automatic parking assist, makes it possible to free drivers' hands from bored parking maneuvers and offers the possibility of reducing driver stress. Toyota Prius hybrid vehicle unveiled in 2003 is the first automobile equipped with automatic parking assist system(APAS), the research and development in APAS has become a growing trend spread from automobile enterprises to vehicle research centers of institutions and universities over ten years. APAS consists of four parts - environment recognition module, path planning generation module, path tracking controller subsystem and improved actuators like active steering/breaking subsystem. This paper mainly dealt with the new progress of APAS, on the basis of brief introduction of system with nonholonomic constraints. Firstly, the basic structures and operating principles of APAS were elaborated, and meanwhile, two methodologies applied for analyzing APAS from the vehicle engineers and robot scientists were taken into consideration respectively. Then, the products and hot topics of APAS were categorized and demonstrated, in terms of environment recognition (including vehicular position perception and obstacles detection using ultrasonic radars and vision-based sensors), path planning generation algorithms involved with continuous-curvature path using clothoid curves, different trajectory tracing control strategies based on fuzzy logic controller and fractional order controller, so as to present a detailed state-of-the-art research situation. Last but not the least, based on the current research situation, some urgent problems and development trends were discussed.


Conducting a security risk assessment is a vital step for public transport organizations as they develop their security culture. A security risk assessment encourages transit organizations to put security matters at the center of their operations and manage security risks in a methodical and transparent manner. A sound methodology allows for the assessment of needs in a systematic rather than arbitrary way. Risk assessment also is a precondition for defining priorities. Risk assessment produces risk rankings which may serve the management of an organization in its decision making and planning efforts. The management of the organization also may use the results of the risk assessment to communicate financial needs. There are many risk assessment methodologies, but the main principles tend to remain the same: consider the probability of a threat occurring, together with the impact that such a threat would have. This is followed by a vulnerability analysis which assesses existing and potential safety and security provisions against the risks diagnosed. Partners of COUNTERACT, a recently completed European Project, have developed generic guidelines for conducting risk assessments in public transport networks. The approach used in the COUNTERACT guidelines is qualitative, which makes it practical and easily applicable. The actual analysis is carried out through a series of workshops. Workshop participants may include staff members from operations and security, external experts and representatives from law enforcement agencies. The analysis is done by filling out a matrix with information on security threats, assets, the probability of occurrence of each threat, and the impact and severity of each threat. This approach has successfully been used by public transport operations of different sizes.


The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of an enzymatic complex composed of protease, xylanase and amylase, associated or not to betaine in diets for broiler chickens on the performance of birds and economical analysis. It was used Cobb 500 male broiler chicks (924) at average initial weight of 45.8 g fed four diets, each one with seven replicates, in a completely randomized design. Each experimental unit had 33 birds. The diets were: control - corn and soybean meal- based rations; enzymes - rations added with enzymes (protease, xylanase and amylase); betaine - rations added with natural betaine; enzymes + betaine - rations added with enzymes and betaine. In the period from 1 to 7 days, the addition of enzymes or betaine into the rations did not influence performance traits. In the period from 1 to 21 days of age, birds fed diets with enzymes + betaine showed lower average feed intake when compared to those diets only with enzymes. However, average weight gain and feed conversion were similar. Diets with enzyme or betaine did not influence performance of the birds compared to control diet. Likewise, in the period from 1 to 35 days, performance of the birds fed diets with enzymes and betaine was similar to the control group. At 41 days of age, broilers fed diets with enzyme or betaine showed performance similar to the control group, so, the additives used had the expected effects. However, combination of the additives did not show the same efficiency. There was no significant influence of diets in the feed cost. Among the evaluated additives, only enzyme and betaine do not affect performance of the birds.


Based on recent experimental studies which have found a strong correlation between a multitemporal series of C-band HH/W backscatter ratios acquired at 40deg incidence angle and wheat biomass, this work investigates the effect of the assimilation of the radar retrieved information into CERES-Wheat crop model. A sensitivity analysis has shown that an inaccurate knowledge of some model inputs, concerning soil properties and crop management, can lead to erroneous predictions. However adopting a reinitialisation assimilation strategy, significant improvements in the model estimations have been obtained


The Berkeley Group for non-violent male sex offenders has been operating since February 1977. An account of the early period appeared in Probation Journal (September, 1978). The leaders of this highly consistent project now offer a review of its effectiveness and the response from members past and present.


We analyse parallel algorithms in the context of exhaustive search over totally ordered sets. Imagine an infinite list of "boxes", with a "treasure" hidden in one of them, where the boxes' order reflects the importance of finding the treasure in a given box. At each time step, a search protocol executed by a searcher has the ability to peek into one box, and see whether the treasure is present or not. Clearly, the best strategy of a single searcher would be to open the boxes one by one, in increasing order. Moreover, by equally dividing the workload between them, k searchers can trivially find the treasure k times faster than one searcher. However, this straightforward strategy is very sensitive to failures (e.g., crashes of processors), and overcoming this issue seems to require a large amount of communication. We therefore address the question of designing parallel search algorithms maximizing their speed-up and maintaining high levels of robustness, while minimizing the amount of resources for coordination. Based on the observation that algorithms that avoid communication are inherently robust, we focus our attention on identifying the best running time performance of non-coordinating algorithms. Specifically, we devise non-coordinating algorithms that achieve a speed-up of 9/8 for two searchers, a speed-up of 4/3 for three searchers, and in general, a speed-up of k/4(1+1/k)2 for any k≥ 1 searchers. Thus, asymptotically, the speed-up is only four times worse compared to the case of full coordination. Moreover, these bounds are tight in a strong sense as no non-coordinating search algorithm can achieve better speed-ups. Our algorithms are surprisingly simple and hence applicable. However they are memory intensive and so we suggest a practical, memory efficient version, with a speed-up of (k2 − 1)/4k. That is, it is only a factor of (k+1)/(k−1) slower than the optimal algorithm. Overall, we highlight that, in faulty contexts in which coordination between the searchers is technically difficult to implement, intrusive with respect to privacy, and/or costly in term of resources, it might well be worth giving up on coordination, and simply run our non-coordinating exhaustive search algorithms.


An award-winning book published in conjunction with the exhibition 'HOME' presented by Sherman Contemporary Art Foundation (SCAF). The book includes three essays commissioned by SCAF including: a short story by Man Booker Prize- shortlisted author and playwright, Deborah Levy; a contextualising essay by Sophie McIntyre, Curator, writer and lecturer at the Australian National University, Canberra; and an artist interview between Chien-Chi Chang and Dr Natalie Seiz, Assistant Curator of Asian Art at the Art Gallery of New South Wales. In association with the exhibition and publication a public forum was held at Sherman Foundation with invited speakers including Sophie McIntyre and Linda Jaivin, an internationally renowned Australian creative writer, media commentator and sinologist


In wireless systems, mobiles share the same limited frequency band. When two mobiles send simultaneously on the same channel, an interference phenomenon occurs and the sent packets will be lost. In these systems, each mobile (node) adopt strategies based on its battery energy level in order to maximize its transmission rate (number of successfully sent packets) when interacting with other mobile. Each mobile aims to transmit the largest number of packets successfully by rationally managing its transmission power and the use of battery power.


Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness and complication rate of our modified continuous buried suture technique for the correction of the upper lid epiblepharon. Methods: This retrospective study included 132 eyes of 66 patients, who were diagnosed with upper lid epiblepharon from March 2000 through April 2002 After the followup of over 6 months, we evaluated the improvement and recurrent rate of epiblepharon after the procedure. Results: In 131 of 132 eyes with the mean followup period of 12.9 months, the epiblepharon was corrected successfully with cosmetically satisfactory Results. In 1 eye, we experienced the disappearance of a double fold without the recurrence of the epiblepharon. Conclusions: This modified continuous buried suture Method appears to be an effective treatment of lash inversion in upper lid epiblepharon with good aesthetic Results.


Land use for state and national parks is con stantly growing to meet the recreational needs of Americans. The dearth of open land in many heavily populated areas emphasizes the need for wise development. Dr. Gunn feels that gov ernmental agencies should work closely with commercial developers and non-profit organiza tions in order to develop the type of recreational facilities people want and will use. When sepa rate approaches, often in opposing directions, are followed the best interests of the people are not served and the project can become sterile and stereotyped. This article is based on an ad dress delivered by Dr. Gunn on October 15, 1968, at the Seattle Congress for Recreation and Parks. — Ed.


This paper is a network security situation assessment method based on fault tree analysis. First, the largest multi-step attack sequence excavated is evidence, and then multiple pieces of evidence are fused through a synthetic formula to accurately assess the host's situation risk value. Then, the threat value and importance of each host in the network are used to calculate the risk value of the entire network situation. Finally, experiments prove that this method can accurately evaluate the network situation. Combined with computer visualization technology, a visual analysis system for the conveyor belt run-out fault tree is established quickly and accurately, and corresponding qualitative and quantitative analysis is performed. To strengthen the mastery of the network security situation, and constantly adjust the plan, make the network management more targeted, and can improve the complete diagnosis efficiency of the network.


Irregularities of road surface causes a number of problems to their users, including poor ride quality, unsafe driving conditions and excitation of truck dynamics leading to further pavement deterioration and damage to vehicles and cargo. The shock-absorbers, which are the first to take the impact forces occurring as the consequence of the vehicle movement on a rough traffic surface, are especially sensitive. Since it is not possible to build perfectly smooth pavements, paving specifications usually prescribe the maximum acceptable roughness. This paper discusses asphalt and concrete pavement through vehicle wheel and vehicle chassis vibrations. The measurements of vibrations driving over asphalt and concrete pavement were performed on highway Zagreb-Slavonski Brod (Croatia). Vehicle vibrations were measured with different speed and prior to vibrations recordings, measurement of the road surface roughness has been performed. These results can be very useful for road management companies especially when facing a decision which type of road pavement should be used.


The invention discloses a scattered rectifying and centralized inverting wind power generation system, which comprises a plurality of groups of rectifying modules, wherein each rectifying module comprises a rectifier and a direct current boosting converter in sequential connection, the input end of the rectifier is provided with a wind power generator, the rectifying modules are parallelly connected with a direct current bus through a direct current power transmission line and is then connected with a grid-connected inverter, and the grid-connected inverter is connected with a power grid through a converter transformer. The system has the advantages that the cost is low, the loss is low, the market prospect is wide, in addition, the rectifying modules are parallelly connected with the direct current bus through the direct current power transmission line and is then connected with the grid-connected inverter, the mutual influence between a wind power plant and a local power grid during the failure occurrence can be avoided, the voltage fluctuation of a grid-connected wind power grid is inhibited, and the transient stability of a grid-connected system is effectively improved.


Plasmas are a source of unbound electrons for charge neutralizing intense heavy ion beams to allow them to focus to a small spot size and compress their axial pulse length. The plasma source should be able to operate at low neutral pressures and without strong externally- applied electric or magnetic fields. To produce one- meter-long plasma columns, sources based upon ferroelectric ceramics with large dielectric coefficients have been developed. The source utilizes the ferroelectric ceramic BaTiO3 to form metal plasma. The drift tube inner surface of the neutralized drift compression experiment (NDCX) is covered with ceramic material, and high voltage (~8 kV) is applied between the drift tube and the front surface of the ceramics. A lead- zirconium-titanate prototype ferroelectric plasma source (FEPS), 20 cm in length, has produced plasma densities of 5times1011 cm-3. It was integrated into the neutralized transport experiment (NTX), and successfully charge neutralized the K+ ion beam. A one-meter-long BaTiO3 source comprised of five 20-cm-long sources has been tested and characterized, producing relatively uniform plasma over the one-meter length of the source in the mid-1010 cm-3 density range. This source has been integrated into the NDCX device for charge neutralization and beam compression experiments. Initial beam compression experiments with this source yielded current compression ratios near 100. Future research will develop longer and higher plasma density sources to support beam compression experiments for high energy density physics applications.


Research indicates children generally fare better in traditional schools when parents are involved. However, scant research exists in alternative settings such as blended and online schooling. This comprehensive review of the few studies in such settings found that: (a) categorization of technologically-mediated schools is ill-defined; (b) levels of parental involvement vary and are influenced by many factors; (c) links between parent involvement and student achievement exist in these alternative settings but further research is needed; (d) there are implications for public policy; and (e) finally, the review provides specific suggestions for further research.


Social networking sites became very popular since the introduction of Six Degrees in 1997 and companies started to utilize them to build online communities. This research aims to further understand online communities by analyzing the network structure and composition of Twitter follower networks. An explorative analysis is conducted on the Twitter follower network of Europe's twenty-five largest product software vendors, which includes 95,895 unique followers. A proprietary tool was built for data collection and social network analysis was used to analyze the data. Structural analysis shows that the networks have small-world characteristics and have high reciprocity in terms of following relationships. Analyzing the composition of the networks shows that a) they have a small internal audience and large external audience, b) Twitter is used for monitoring competitors by some, and c) the companies have very distinct and unique follower communities. Especially the uniqueness of the communities demonstrates the value of such communities to companies.


Chiemical method is an important approach of cultural relics protection.Application of modern analytical technology,corrosion mechanisms of cultural relics,new protection materials and new protection methods was discussed in this paper.


the discipline system of Financial Management is an integrated system composed of a series of branch subjects concerning financial affairs. Based on the structure of the system, we should scientifically design the teaching contents of the elementary, intermediate and advanced courses of Financial Management while compiling systematic, standard, practical and innovative textbook series.


This is the author's copy of the conference paper published in the proceedings of the 2007 Industrial Engineering Research
Conference, Nashville,TN,pp.812-817


— Cloud computing and its services are rapidly developing; there is a growing trend for bulk storage of data in the cloud. This result leads to an important security issue of controlling and preventing the confidential data stored in the cloud. However, many of existing approaches have a major shortcoming, as they assume the server is trustworthy and require complete disclosure of sensitive location information from the cloud user. In this work we describe a new method for completely distributed authentication using a cloud based framework for Session Authentication ticket. In our proposed scheme, the authentication takes place for every user with a role along with a request. The session authenticator service provider verifies the tokens and uses dual encryption to evaluate the roles of the user thus providing the efficiency. In this paper, we define the protocols based on the data preserving integrity of data and the dual encryption mechanism based on our efficient access control system .


In ancient Greece, as today, popular moral attitudes differed importantly from the theories of moral philosophers. While for the latter we have Plato and Aristotle, this insightful work explores the everyday moral conceptions to which orators appealed in court and political assemblies, and which were reflected in non-philosophical literature. Oratory and comedy provide the primary testimony, and reference is also made to Sophocles, Euripides, Herodotus, Thucydides, Xenophon, and other sources. The selection of topics, the contrasts and comparisons with modern religious, social and legal principles, and accessibility to the non-specialist ensure the work's appeal to all readers with an interest in ancient Greek culture and social life.


The new National Stadium at Wembley is a landmark project for the UK and the construction industry as a whole. Seating 90,000 fans, the stadium will be the world's biggest fully-covered football stadium. The arch will be 133 m-high, visible across London, forming the longest single-span roof structure in the world. The four main restaurants at the new stadium will be the biggest in London.


In this paper, we design a UHF band RFID tag antenna which is conjugate matched to an impedance of a chip and also mountable on conductive materials. The proposed tag antenna is very compact() with a modified PIFA shape. The proposed tag antenna has an advantage of easy matching to various chip input impedances. The performance of the antenna is evaluated by monitoring RCS in the reader direction. The RCS of the designed tag is when the chip is shorted and is when the chip impedance is a complex conjugate of the antenna impedance.


Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding proteins (IGFBPs) antagonize IGF and gonadotropin actions on granulosa cells. Human atretic follicles express IGFBP-2 in granulosa cells more strongly and contain higher levels of IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-4 than healthy follicles. We studied the effects of interferon-γ (IFNγ) and activin A, which decrease progesterone accumulation, on granulosa cell IGFBP production and apoptosis. Conditioned media from luteinizing granulosa cells cultured with IFNγ or activin A and/or LH were subjected to ligand blotting; northern blots of total ribonucleic acid (RNA) from these cells were probed for IGFBP-2 and -4. Apoptosis was measured by in situ DNA end labeling. LH decreased medium IGFBP-2 to 21% of the control value. Although IFNγ did not alter basal medium IGFBP-2, in the presence of LH it increased IGFBP-2 3.4-fold, with parallel changes in messenger RNA levels. Activin A also tended to increase medium IGFBP-2 in LH-treated cultures. In conditioned medium, IGFBP-4 was consistentl...


In this paper, we consider the problem of the quantization stage of robust perceptual image hashing in authentication application. The main goal of our analysis is to study the behavior of the extracted image features to be hashed against malicious/non-malicious manipulations. In our analysis, we consider only an additive noise. Note that even if the noise is small, it can cause errors during the quantization stage of perceptual image hashing system. For this purpose, we present theoretical analysis of the extracted feature under additive noise, as well as the probability of a false quantization of these selected features. We then introduce our proposed approach based on this theoretical analysis. Finally, several experiments are conducted to validate our theoretical analysis.


Before we start to look into the dynamics of a multi-mode laser, we should recall the technically important regimes of operation of a " single-mode " laser. The term " single-mode " is set in apostrophes, since it doesn't have to be really single-mode. There can be several modes running, for example due to spatial holeburning, but in an incoherent fashion, so that only the average power of the beam matters. For a more detailed account on single-mode laser dynamics and Q-Switching the following references are recommended [1][3][16][4][5]. In section 2.5, we derived for the interaction of a two-level atom with a laser field propagating to the right the equations of motion (2.171) and (2.172), which are given here again: µ ∂ ∂z + 1 v g ∂ ∂t ¶ A(z, t) = N~ 4T 2 E s w (z, t) A(z, t), (4.1) ˙ w = − w − w 0 T 1 + |A(z, t)| 2 E s w(z, t) (4.2) where T 1 is the energy relaxation rate, v g the group velocity in the host material where the two level atoms are embedded, E s = I s T 1 , the saturation fluence [J/cm 2 ] , of the medium.and I s the saturation intensity according to 127


The invention discloses a remote interaction method of multi-screen synchronous display supporting QoS. The remote interaction method comprises steps of establishing an interaction platform of synchronous display; sharing file source data bags of synchronous interaction; entering a synchronous interaction interface; performing synchronous interaction; exiting the synchronous interaction interface; and canceling the interaction platform. According to the invention, the file source data bags are firstly shared to the interaction platform, so a user end should load the file source data bags containing larger data amount in advance, and then can enter the synchronous interaction interface to perform synchronous interaction with other user ends. During the synchronous interaction process, instruction information containing smaller data amount and file source update logs are mainly transported and interaction of multi-screen synchronous and precise procedures is achieved.


Census data, the findings of 9 World Fertility Surveys (WFSs), and the results of several demographic surveys were used to assess fertility and infant and child mortality trends in sub-Saharan Africa. Major determinants of these trends were also identifed. Fertility levels are still high in most sub-Saharan countries. Estimated crude birth rates ranged from 44-51 during the 1960s and from 45 (Burundi) to 53 (Kenya) in 1982. The estimated mean number of children ever born t married women aged 45-49 years of age ranged from 5.3 in Cameroon to 7.9 in Kenya. Total fertility rates, based on WFS data, declined from 7.8 to 7.2 in Senegal and from 7.3 to 6.5 in Ghana between the 1960s and mid-1970s; remained stable in Ivory Coast (7.5), Benin (7.0) and Lesotho (5.7) in recent years; declined slowly from 9.2 to 8.3 in Kenya between the 1950s and 1970s; and increased between the 1960s and 1970s from 6.5-7.2 and then declined slightly in the late 1970s in Mauritania. In contrast, the total fertility rate increased in cameroon from 5.3-6.4 between the 1960s and 1980 and, according to 1 demographic study, increased slightly in Zaire in recent years. The variations in the fertility rates were determined in large measure by nuptiality patterns, the level of contraceptive use, sterility levels, breastfeeding patterns, the degree to which postpartum abstinence was practiced, and the demand level for children. Marriage is almost universal and the remarriage rate is high. contraceptive use is low and ranges from 1.6% in Mauritania to 39.9% in Ghana. Breastfeeding is almost universal; however, breastfeeding is negatively associated with maternal education, urban residence, contraceptive use, and maternal employment outside the home. With continued modernizarion, breastfeeding may decline. Postpartum abstinence is also declining in a number of countries. Furture declines in fertility will, to a large extent, be a function of trends in these fertility determinants. Infecundity, as measured by the number of older women with no children, apparently declined in several countries in recent years. The mean number of children desired remains high and ranged from 5.5 in Lesotho to 7.3 in Cameroon. Almost all the countries experienced a decline in infant mortality since 1950 when the rate ranged from 120-235. In almost all countries the rate in recent years was less than 150 and substantially lower in Benin (102), Cameroon (95), Ivory Coast (101), and Kenya (83). WFS data indicates that the child mortality rate is still high and ranges from 135 in Kenya to 251 in Senegal; however, in all WFS countries, except Mauritania, it is considerably lower than in the 1960s. Further declines in mortality will depend on improvements in the nutritional status of women, infants and children, increased health service provision and utilization, improvements in agriculture and income distribution, and increased parental education.


The first wave of HVDC connected offshore wind power plants (WPPs) has been commissioned and many more are planned in the North Sea, along with other sites around the world. VSC-based HVDC has become the preferred solution for large offshore WPPs, with cable distances typically above 100 km (including both offshore cable and on shore cable to the converter terminal) to the AC grid connection point [3].


Intrusion detection system (IDS) is the basic component of any network defense scheme. Signature based intrusion detection techniques are widely used in networks for fast response to detect threats. One of the main challenges faced by signature-based IDS is that every signature requires an entry in the database, and so a complete database might contain hundreds or even thousands of entries. Each packet is to be compared with all the entries in the database. This can be highly resourceconsuming and doing so will slow down the throughput and making the IDS vulnerable. Since pattern matching computations dominate in the overall performance of a Signature-based IDS, efficient pattern matching algorithms should be used which use minimal computer storage and which minimize the searching response time. In this paper we present a performance study of the running times of different well known pattern matching algorithms using multiple sliding windows approach. KeywordsNetwork security, Intrusion detection, Pattern matching, Network performance __________________________________________________*****_________________________________________________


Maffucci's syndrome is a congenital, non-hereditary mesodermal dysplasia manifested by multiple enchondromas and hemangiomas. It is associated with diverse secondary musculoskeletal deformities. Sarcomatous transformation has been recorded in sixteen of 105 cases in the literature. A case report, illustrating the variety of deformities occurring in the syndrome, is presented. It is the first documentation of the occurrence of multiple primary sarcomas, and the second incidence of a mesenchymal ovarian tumor developing in a patient with Maffucci's syndrome. Surgery appears to be the treatment of choice for functional and neoplastic complications of the disease. Maffucci's syndrome consists of multiple enchondromas associated with subcutaneous hemangiomas. A high proportion ofthe enchondromas undergo malignant degeneration. The following case demonstrates the variety of deformities and the malignant degeneration that may occur in the disease.


For further research on the main pathogenic bacteria of postharvest sweet cherry fruit and its control technology,sweet cherry(cv.Labinsi) as test material,the pathogenic bacteria of sweet cherries was isolated,identified in low temperature storage,antifungal activity of plant essential oil and its treatment were studied.According to the characters of pathogen morphology and sequences analysis of 18 S r DNA,the pathogenic bacteria was Mucor sp. and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. thyme and clove oil showed complete inhibitory effect on all pathogens. The treatment of thyme oil had no effect on the growth of Mucor sp. and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. However fumigation treatment showed strong antifungal activities against the treatment of contact to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. The MBC of thyme oil against these two pathogens were 2000 and1000 μL/L,respectively. Compared with fumigation,contact treatment of clove oil was better and the MBC of clove oil against these two pathogens were 500 and 1000 μL/L,respectively.


The invention relates to a device (30) for sealingly fixing a tube (1) extending into a reservoir. One end (10,11) of the tube (1) forms a ball joint (7,8,10,11), in cooperation with a part (7,8) of flexible material, mounted fixed relative to the reservoir. Said device (30) comprises: a spacer (14) crossed by the tube (1) and intended to be mounted secured to the reservoir; and at least one O-ring (3,4) for sealing against the tube, the seal (3,4) being received in a groove formed in the spacer (14) facing the tube (1).


Under the background of the knowledge economy and globalization, knowledge becomes the firm's strategic resources, enhancing the core competence of industrial clusters requires knowledge management. In this paper, firstly, the connotation of the core competence of industrial clusters is analyzed. The mechanism of knowledge management affecting the core competence of industrial clusters is studied. Finally, the knowledge management system that helps to enhance the core competence of industrial clusters is constructed.


This paper describes the development and application of a model for the analysis and design of infiltration seawater intakes. A three-dimensional, finite-difference groundwater flow model is used to simulate the steady-state flow of water through the seafloor and to the collector laterals. The model considers the physical characteristics of the porous medium, and the diameter, depth, spacing and length of the collector laterals. The primary output from the model is the intake capacity (i.e., the flow rate the infiltration seawater intake is capable of delivering on a sustained basis). A sensitivity analysis is conducted to identify the parameters that govern intake capacity. By varying key design parameters, intake capacity is determined as a function of the number and length of collector laterals, and the physical characteristics of the porous media bed. Using representative seafloor characteristics, the feasibility of the intake concept is demonstrated for a typical industrial


Twenty patients during the last ten years have had surgery for Stensen's duct problems caused by anomalies and stenosis, trauma, calculi, foreign bodies, and localized inflammation. Treatment of the Stensen's duct injury Is varied by its location and severity. Careful clinical observation and a good sialogram are the bases for selection of the surgical technique to be used. Proper selection of the technique is very important for excellent results.


We investigate how democracy can cope with extreme views held by a minority of citizens. If parties can credibly preclude a coalition with an extremist party after an election, this might prevent extreme policy shifts and increase social welfare. We establish general conditions under which such 'CoalitionPreclusion Promises' (CPPs) lead to welfare improvements. We find that while CPPs carry welfare improvements under relatively weak conditions on the extent of the policy change envisioned by the extremist party, these welfare gains can only be realized if parties are able and have sufficient incentives to use CPPs. This depends crucially on the parties' beliefs about voters' coordinating their votes on the party making a CPP. The coordination problem among strategic voters exhibits multiple equilibria. We extend typical equilibrium selection criteria to apply them to this voting game. We find that CPPs can be an effective tool to prevent extremist parties from entering government.


ABSTRACT This article describes an emerging social protest movement among Generation 1.5 of Russian speakers who immigrated as older children or adolescents and came of age in Israel. It examines the generation, gender, and class aspects of the new social and cultural activism among Russian Israelis, while drawing on the concept of generation citizenship. Contrary to the civic conformism of their parent's generation, the new Generation 1.5 leaders have developed a generational consciousness and perceive themselves as an active force for change. Acting primarily in the civic and cultural fields, the leaders of this large immigrant cohort are challenging the public discourse on Russian Israelis through successful social media campaigns such as video clips, blogs and articles, cultural festivals, public events, and media engagement.


The MARIE detector aboard the 200 1 Mars Odyssey operated continuously between March 13, 2002, and October 28, 2003. During these twenty months, approximately 12 periods of enhanced solar particle activity were observed. The last of these, on October 26-28, 2003, caused the instrument to lose communication with the spacecraft. In addition to that very large event, several other major Solar Particle Events (SPEs) were observed. Those prior to March 2003 have been discussed elsewhere [I] and will be reviewed here. Many of the solar events seen at Mars correspond well to observations by GOES and ACE satellites near Earth. Some SPEs were observed by MARIE when Mars was on, or near, the opposite side of the sun as seen from Earth; and while a few of them - most notably the large full-halo Coronal Mass Ejections of July 2002 - coincided with events seen by the near-Earth satellites, others were not seen at Earth. Conversely, in this same time period, some SPEs were seen at Earth but not at Mars. Subsequent to February 2003, three SPEs were observed by MARIE, on March 18- 20, May 28 - June 3, and Oct. 26-28. Observations of solar energetic particles at Mars can be combined with data from other points in the heliosphere from, e.g., the Solar Heliospheric Observatory, ACE/CRIS, and GOES satellites near Earth, and Ulysses. Having several different observation points is useful for testing models of CME initiation and propagation.


Various types of filters were used with the neutral filter elution technique. No significant differences in elution rate or curve shapes were found. Therefore we assume that the release of DNA fragments from the DNA gel formed by lysis of cells is the rate-determining event in elution and not the rate of migration through the filter. We suggest that the filter only serves as a support for the DNA gel.


This work addressed the impact that the rhizosphere has on the biodegradation of foreign organic compounds. This was examined with live plants grown in a sewage sludge amended agricultural soil and a woodlot soil. Microcosms were designed that contained soil, roots, and microbial biomass in a compartment that excluded most of the plant stem and all of the leaf biomass. Control microcosms contained soils without plants and had no plant-induced rhizosphere microbial communities. Microbial mineralization of 14C-labelled organic compounds (anionic, cationic, and nonionic surfactants) was measured by quantifying cumulative production of 14CO2 over a 40- to 55-day period. Regardless of the treatment, the surfactants were mineralized without lag periods. The mineralization results were fitted to mineralization models by nonlinear regression techniques. A mixed-order (3/2 order) mineralization model best fit the data. This model is similar to a first-order rate model but contains additional parameters that descri...


Beijing Subway Line 4 is the first urban railway construction project invested by Hong Kong's company in PPP model.Beijing subway's ownership is changed by the introduction of PPP financing model and the introduction of franchise business model.This change has produced a positive impact on China's reform of investing and financing system,the innovation of operation mechanism and transformation of government functions.Although whether Beijing Metro Line 4 in the franchise mode can become a successful example still needs time to prove,like other monopoly industries,the reform of China's railway industry and the change of property relations are imperative.


Albert Etter (1872–1950) was born in El Dorado County, Calif., to a German immigrant father who later moved the family to Humboldt County, Calif., along the north coast. Albert's formal education ended at the age of 15, and he began work on the family farm. When Etter turned 21, he established a homestead in a remote area of Humboldt County. He named his new homestead Ettersburg for the castle in southern Germany where his family originated. It was from this isolated homestead that Etter did his life's work of breeding, propagating and selling new cultivars of strawberries, apples and pears (Darrow, 1963; Wilhelm and Sagen, 1974). Etter contributed to strawberry improvement in several ways, including 1) early use of both South American and North American clones of the wild beach strawberry (F. chiloensis L.) to improve the adaptability of strawberry cultivars to local conditions; 2) the development of commercially successful cultivars; 3) an understanding of the factors infl uencing fl owering and runnering in the strawberry; and 4) a major contribution to the genetics of current cultivars in use throughout North America. Etter, despite his isolated location, infl uenced the thinking of strawberry researchers and producers of his day. He did this through frequent correspondence in the Pacifi c Rural Press, an important agricultural newspaper that at the time was edited by E.J. Wickson, Dean of the University of California (UC) College of Agriculture and a supporter of Etter's work (Fishman, 1987). Etter also infl uenced strawberry research through observations he recorded in his own nursery catalog (Etter, 1920), and through visits made to his homestead by strawberry researchers, including Roy Clausen, UC geneticist (Clausen, 1915) and George Darrow, strawberry breeder and horticulturist at the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) in Beltsville, Md. (Darrow, 1963). Etter's use of F. chiloensis in his breeding work is well documented (Clausen, 1915; Darrow, 1963, 1966; Etter, 1920; Wilhelm and Sagen, 1974). He recognized that F. chiloensis would improve the vigor, drought resistance and fruit size of the cultivated strawberry. Etter used a cultivated clone of F. chiloensis from Peru in the development of his fi rst successful cultivar, 'Rose Ettersburg'. He also crossed a clone of F. chiloensis from Cape Mendocino in Humboldt County with 'Rose Ettersburg', and a seedling from the resulting hybrid was introduced as 'Ettersburg 80'. 'Ettersburg 121' was also developed from crosses with F. chiloensis, and later cultivars such as 'Fendalcino', 'Trebla', 'Red Cross' and 'Ettersburg 450' were derived in turn from these cultivars and other selections that have F. chiloensis clones in their parentage (Etter, 1920). Several of Etter's cultivars were widely grown. The 'Ettersburg 80' was recognized for its dessert quality, and was grown for canning and jam manufacture in North America, Europe, Australia, and New Zealand. In England, it was renamed 'Huxley' and grown commercially until the 1950s. Others, such as the 'Fendalcino' were popular home garden cultivars in California (Wilhelm and Sagen, 1974). In Oregon, 'Ettersburg 121' was second in importance only to 'Marshall', accounting for 29% of the harvested area in a survey completed in 1925 and 1926 (Schuster and Burrier, 1929). Small percentages of 'Ettersburg 80' and 'Trebla' were also reported in this survey. Oregon at that time was a leading producer of strawberries in the U.S., with more area harvested than California. 'Ettersburg 121' was rated the best cultivar for canning in Oregon (Schuster, 1923), and was grown in that state until the late 1940s, when it was replaced by cultivars better suited to freezing (Waldo and Hartman, 1947). Etter's correspondence in the Pacifi c Rural Press also infl uenced strawberry industry leaders. Joseph E. Reiter, along with R.F. Driscoll, pioneered the development of 'Banner' as a major commercial cultivar along the central coast of California in the early 1900s. Reiter was puzzled by the diminished production of stolons in this cultivar over several seasons following transplanting to fruiting fi elds near Watsonville, Calif., from nurseries in the Trinity Mountains of northern California. Reiter commented on this phenomenon in a letter to the Pacifi c Rural Press. Etter observed, in reply to Reiter's query, that the winters in Watsonville were too mild to stimulate vegetative reproduction. His observation supported the movement of the California strawberry nursery to northern California sites with adequate winter chilling to promote stolon production (Wilhelm and Sagen, 1974). Etter's greatest legacy to the modern strawberry industry is the genetic contribution of his cultivars to today's cultivars. His cultivars are found in the background of all geographic groups of North American cultivars described by Sjulin and Dale (1987) except the Minnesota group. 'Fendalcino' (developed from 'Ettersburg 121') was a source of virus tolerance in the UC breeding program (Wilhelm and Sagen, 1974) and contributes strongly to the genetics of both public and private California cultivars. 'Ettersburg 450' is believed to be one parent of 'Fairfax', and thus contributes through the widespread use of 'Fairfax' and derivatives in many North American public breeding programs in the fi rst half of the 20th Century (Darrow, 1966). Both 'Ettersburg 121' and 'Ettersburg 450' contribute heavily to Pacifi c Northwest cultivars. At least three additional founding clones from Etter's work contribute to modern North American cultivars (Sjulin and Dale, 1987). Etter discontinued his strawberry breeding after 1926, and concentrated on apple and pear breeding. Darrow suspects that diseases introduced on germplasm sent to Etter may have made it diffi cult for him to continue his work (Darrow, 1966). Whatever the reason, much of Etter's own collection of materialwas lost soon after this time. Some of Etter's cultivars have been re-collected from foreign sources (Fishman, 1987), and at least fi ve of Etter's cultivars ('Ettersburg 121', 'Califour', 'Latecross', 'Red Cross' and 'Trebla') are listed in the Fragaria catalog of the National Clonal Germplasm Repository in Corvallis, Ore. (National Clonal Germplasm Repository, 2003).


Although Rhetoric is based on Democracy, throughout its history has suffered several changes which have been solved in its different changes in the conceptual level. That is why, the aim of this study is revealing and recovering the true conception and wide possibilities of application its theoric principles allow. At the same time, we show the wrong image that Rhetoric has had in certain recent historical ages, which has been due to the wrong understanding of Rhetoric, and, as a result, to its wrong use. These reason are justified by social and political crises that have limited public freedom


Resource site for computer science and programming at IUPUI. Borrow a hard-to-find book from the Information Desk, typically for 7 days. May be able to renew in person at the Desk.


We propose to review optical processing concepts for both radar and lidar applications. These architectures can provide lidar systems with target identification capabilities and radar systems with time delay based processing, over a large instantaneous frequency bandwidth.


Technical advances and steadily increasing knowledge, as well as the extension of breakdown ordinances, call for more rational systematic approaches in order to master the current volume of necessary documentation. During development to operational maturity, including modification of plant and processes, various internal and external interdisciplinary teams are involved in setting up and evaluating the safety measures. A comprehensive procedure was therefore developed for new and existing plant which should optimally satisfy demands for clarity, systematic structure, openness for individual process steps, and facilities for updating data


Online knowledge distillation (KD) mutually trains a group of student networks from scratch in a peer-teaching manner, eliminating the need for pre-trained teacher models. However, supervision from peers can be noisy, especially in the early stage of training. In this paper, we propose a novel method for online knowledge distillation by temporal-spatial boosting (TSB). The proposed method constructs superior "teachers" with two modules, temporal accumulator and spatial integrator. Specifically, the temporal accumulator leverages the previous outputs of networks during training and produces a representative prediction over all classes. Instead of merely imitating the outputs of other networks as in vanilla online KD, we further propose the so-called spatial integrator that consolidates the knowledge learned by all networks and yields a stronger instructor. The operations of these two modules are simple and straightforward, which can be computed efficiently on the fly during training. The proposed method can improve the efficiency of transferring effective knowledge as well as stabilize the training process. Experimental results on various benchmark datasets and network structures validate the effectiveness of the proposed method over the state-of-the-art.


1. With skilled and positively directed psychotherapy and a well-integrated clinic setup, the veteran patient suffering from service-connected psychoneurotic disorder may be expected to be supporting himself and working each day after a period of 12 weeks of treatment (12 interviews). 2. The patient whose neurotic symptoms are an expression of emotional instability based on life-long faulty habit patterns may also be expected to respond favorably if well motivated. Thirty-two of 47 such patients in this group are working and have gained healthful insight into the emotional nature of their symptoms through psychotherapy. 3. Schizophrenic patients may be carried along on an outpatient basis providing they have partial insight and are not too unpredictably aggressive. 4. From the standpoint of recovery it can be said that adequate outpatient care is the first step to be taken in any treatment effort directed to restore the veteran patient to healthy relationships with his family and the community.


One indication of the state of our profession1 is the discriminations that we are just getting around to making: useful, even essential, "sortings out" that, when they are made, seem embarrassingly obvious. One such "sorting out" or discrimination is essential for an understanding of what any composition class can do, whether advanced composition, technical writing, feature writing, or whatever. In the writer s repertoire, there are local and transferable skills. Local skills have to do with a given genre and involve such matters as special forms (e.g., the scientific report), footnoting, vocabularies, special styles, and even the "tones" that particular fields demand. Transferable skills are the "basics" of writing: syntactic fluency, control of diction, sense of audience, organizational ability, "mechanics" such as punctuation and spelling. A given class may attempt to confer both local and transferable skills on students (e.g., a course in technical writing); furthermore, the distinction be tween the kinds of skills becomes blurred at the middle of the spectrum. Nonetheless, it is crucial that composition teachers keep the distinction in mind. According to my colleague and friend Stephen D. Krashen, there are two kinds of language Learning (note the capital L): acquisition and learning (note the lower case ty * The overwhelming bulk of anyone's knowledge of language is acquired, that is, is learned in generally the same way that a child learns his or her native language: by hearing it, by attempting to use it, and by receiving feedback concerning semantic intention, not the form of the utterance. The child "swims" in a sea of language and mentally absorbs it because he or she is destined biologically to talk; the child makes attempts to communicate in an unfinished version of this language; the parent responds not to the imperfections of form, but to the child's apparent intention. Gradually, the child acquires a virtually total knowledge of the language, but this knowledge is tacit (to use Polanyfs term): roughly speaking, tacit knowledge is knowledge that paradoxically we do not know we know. For example, anyone and everyone can make a promise, but almost no one can state the set of constitutive rules for promising, even though these rules are explicitly formulable, as John Searle demonstrates.3 Our knowledge of the rules for promising is tacit knowledge. However, we can consciously learn some language skills, through rules and paradigms. For example, we can consciously memorize a spelling rule and apply it: i before e except after c. If we are trying to learn German, we can memorize a paradigm for the definite article: Masc: der, des, dem, den; Fern.: die, der, der, die; Neut.: das, des, dem, das; PL: die, der, den, die. It should be stressed, however, that we can learn only a very small part of what we need to use a language fluently. The vast part of our knowledge is acquired. With Krashen, my colleague Betty Bamber, and others, I believe that the learning-acquisition theory applies to writing, as well as to the first language Learning, second language Learning, and second dialect Learning. If this assumption is valid? and we have good reason to believe that it is4 ? then teachers of composition need to review their programs and methods in light of the theory. Almost all of the transferable skills must, by and large, be acquired. Prewriting, writing, reformulationthese processes are acquired through models


Objective Arterial distensibility is reduced in end-stage renal failure and also after renal transplantation. The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that reduced carotid artery distensibility is a predictor of cardiovascular disease in patients after renal transplantation. Subjects and methods Sixty-eight asymptomatic renal transplant recipients were studied between March 1990 and December 1992, 3–6 months after transplantation. The mean duration of follow-up was 95 ± 2 months (mean ± SEM). At entry, vessel wall movements of the common carotid artery were recorded using a pulsed multigate Doppler system; blood pressure was measured by sphygmomanometry. Results Nineteen cardiovascular events (CVE) occurred during follow-up, leading to death in six cases. The distensibility coefficient of the common carotid artery was significantly lower in patients with CVE than in those without CVE (12.2 ± 1.0 10−3/kPa versus 16.8 ± 0.7 10−3/kPa, P < 0.005). Logistic regression analysis showed that the occurrence of cardiovascular disease during follow-up was related to carotid artery distensibility (P < 0.05), independent of sex, age, smoking habits, carotid artery end-diastolic diameter, systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels, heart rate, serum creatinine, cholesterol and haemoglobin levels. Patients with a distensibility coefficient above the age-adjusted mean had a significantly longer interval free of cardiovascular disease than patients with a distensibility coefficient below the age-adjusted mean (P < 0.01). Conclusions The distensibility of the common carotid artery is an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease in renal transplant recipients.


1. a land vehicle propelled by a human, comprising: a. frame, and b. at least one wheel that is suitable for processing by transformation into pulp, and attached to the frame hub assembly suitable for processing by milling, wherein the frame is adapted to propel the user of the vehicle by driving in rotation said at least one wheel assembly and stupitsy.2. The vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that said wheel comprises at least one material selected from the group consisting of: i. Cardboard, ii. paperboard, iii. fiberboard, iv. honeycomb cardboard, v. corrugated cardboard, vi. corrugated paperboard, vii. corrugated fiberboard, iviii. corrugated honeycomb cardboard, and said hub assembly includes at least one material selected from the group consisting of: i. polyethylene terephthalate, ii. thermoplastic material and iii. plastmassu.3 recycled. The vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that it is in the form velosipeda.4 unicycle. The vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that it is in the form velosipeda.5. The vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that it is a three-wheeled velosipeda.6. Land vehicle propelled by a human, comprising: a. plug suitable for processing by converting the pulp, and b. at least one wheel that is suitable for processing by transformation into pulp, and connected to said fork hub assembly suitable for processing by izmelcheniya.7. The vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that said Wilk


Improved composition of final forms of cationic dyes and their mixtures in liquid form when mixed to expand the colors of such classes as azine, oxazine, acridine, triazole, triazine, benthiazole and polymethine with reduced foaming and increased resistance to storage of roses. The improved composition allows to expand the color range of mixed dyes for dyeing and printing of fabrics from polyacrylonitrile fiber with high quality indicators. Options for utilization of coke oven gas and resin components isolated from coal coking waste by synthesis of intermediates based on it for the synthesis of triarylmethane dyes are considered. The main directions of improvement of technology of their production for various areas of application are defined. The reactions of aniline, phenol, toluene and their derivatives, naphthalene from coke chemical resin with subsequent production of target dyes from yellow to blue and violet colors are shown. Physicochemical and technological features of the formed tungsten-molybdenum varnishes on the basis of cationic basic dyes are resulted.


The rabbit reticulocyte lysate (RRL) is a comfortable system for in vitro translation of specific proteins (1). Usage of the RRL circumvents the time consuming and often difficult protein purification process necessary in other expression systems. Despite its advantages, problems occur when the RRL is used for expression of proteins ubiquitously present in all cell types, or specifically in reticulocytes. For example, the DNA-binding analysis in electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) of newly synthesized transcription factors can be disturbed by the presence ofRRL-endogenous protein. Problems can be caused by signal overlaps in the EMSA or, as frequently relevant for transcription factors, by interaction or dimerization of rabbit reticulocyte lysate proteins with in vitro translated products. One of the proteins whose functional analysis after in vitm translation is severely hampered, is the ubiquitous transcription factor 'Nuclear Factor IF (NFI/CTFor NFITGGOCA-protein) (2). When NFI cDNAs are expressed using a combined transcription and translation system (TNT-RRLTm, Promega) and DNA-binding activity is examined in EMSAs, it is problematic to detect specific shift signals of full length NFI proteins (Fig. 1, lane 5). A high background signal is caused by the binding of rabbit NFI protein present in the unprogrammed lysate (Fig. 1, lane 1). The endogenous binding activity is seen in all tested RRLs and cannot be sufficiently overcome by optimizing the translation efficiency (data not shown). To solve the signal interference problem we have developed a simple protocol using streptavidin coated magnetic beads and a biotinylated DNA fragment to remove specific DNA-binding activity from the RRL prior to the transcription/translation reaction. In detail, 200 1 TNT-RRLM was thawed quickly and mixed on ice with 25 pmol of a biotinylated, double-stranded DNA fragment containing the consensus NFI binding site (BiotinGTTAATTGGCACTATGCCAAGGCCA) (3). After 10 min of preincubation 2.5 x 107 streptavidin coated magnetic beads (Dynabeads M-280; Dynal) prewashed three times in phosphate buffered saline (138 mM NaCl, 2.7 mM KCI, pH 7.4) with 0.1% BSA (bovine serum albumine) and resuspended in 15 pl deionized water were added and incubation was extended for 5 min. The beads, together with the DNA-protein complexes, were then removed through magnetic fractioning by placing the reaction tube in a magnetic particle concentrator (Dynal) for 2 min. The supematant, representing the depleted lysate, could then be used directly for in vitro transcription/translation reactions. Figure 1. Comparison of untreated and NFI-depleted rabbit reticulocyte lysate in electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA). Parallel transcription/translation reactions expressing either no (lanes 1-4), a full length (lanes 5 and 6), or a truncated (lanes 7 and 8) chicken NFI-A cDNA (4) were performed as described in Figure 2. Aliquots of each reaction and a 32P-labelled DNA fragment containing the NFI consensus binding site were used in EMSAs as described (4). 0.5 gl (corresponding to l/5o of the translation reaction) were used in the binding reactions (lanes 1 and 5-8), except for lane 2 (1 RI), lane 3 (2.5 gl) and lane 4 (5 ,l) to confirm complete removal of endogenous rabbit NFI proteins.


Successive transitions in an AC electric field in cholesteric liquid crystals with negative dielectric anisotropy have been investigated systematically. According to the relations between the frequency of applied AC field and the threshold voltage V th of successive transitions and between V th and cell thickness divided by cholesteric pitch D / P 0 several features are observed. The threshold voltage for the dielectric regime extends to a DC electric regime. Quenching of the conduction regime is observed in a thinner sample cell. Some curious behaviors of the domain corresponding to the dielectric regime are also observed. A new model which can explain the mechanism of successive transitions in conduction regime is proposed.


Based on the analysis of the social-economy and urban agglomeration development,the agglomeration-fragmentation situation of changsha-zhuzhou-xiangtan urban agglomeration using the index of agglomeration-fragmentation.The results show that: agglomeration and fragmentation in Group and the core area of changsha-zhuzhou-xiangtan urban agglomeration are going at the same time.In addition,the agglomeration is the main trend.Based on this,the paper put forward the spatial governance recommendations of changsha-zhuzhou-xiangtan urban agglomeration.


In this work, we present a method for generating vector vortex beams with metasurfaces. A Jones calculation is employed to theoretically analyze the phase and polarization transformation from metasurfaces. The experimental results are shown to agree well with our theoretical calculation. Lastly, as a geometrical representation, the hybrid-order Poincaré sphere is proposed to describe the evolution of polarization state and phase of light wave propagating in metasurfaces. The hybrid-order Poincaré sphere can intuitively demonstrate the change of polarization state and. So it can also become an effective tool to provide help in designing metasurfaces.


A flash memory device and a program method thereof are provided to reduce program time as minimizing program disturb by using a self-boosting method and a local self-boosting method selectively according as a program voltage increases to a fixed voltage. According to a method for programming a flash memory device including memory cells connected to a plurality of word lines, a program voltage to be supplied to a selected word line is generated according to an incremental step pulse programming method. One of a plurality of channel boosting methods is selected according as the program voltage is lower than a reference voltage. A program operation is executed according to the selected channel boosting method.


8125 Background: CIA is widely treated in the US with darbepoetin alfa (DA; Aranesp) or epoetin alfa (EA). This phase 3, noninferiority trial compared efficacy and safety of EA and DA using common doses and schedules used in US clinical practice. Methods: Eligibility criteria include non-myeloid malignancy with >8 weeks of planned chemotherapy (ctx), anemia (Hb ≤11g/dL), ≥18 years of age, ECOG performance status 0–2, and adequate renal/liver function. Pts were randomized 1:1 to DA 200 mcg Q2W or EA 40,000U QW stratified by screening Hb category (<10.0g/dL and ≥10.0g/dL) and planned ctx type (platinum vs non-platinum). Pts were treated up to 16 weeks with identical dose adjustment rules. The primary endpoint was the incidence of transfusion (tfn; Kaplan-Meier estimate) from day 29 to the end of treatment (EOT); a noninferiority margin of 11.5% was prespecified and based on published data for EA compared to placebo. Results: Of 1220 pts randomized, 1209 received ≥1 dose of study drug. Most pts were women (6...


Abstract N. T. Wright offers a systematic and highly influential metanarrative to account for Paul's theology of Israel. However, Wright overlooks or underemphasizes important dimensions of Paul's thinking, leading to problematic distortions. Thus, Wright claims that God rejected the historic people of Israel due to their failure to missionize the gentile nations, an idea not easily found in the Hebrew Bible texts Paul utilizes or in Paul's own statements concerning his fellow Jews. Wright relies heavily on the diatribe of Rom 2 to build a Pauline theology of Israel, but he downplays the many positive things Paul says elsewhere about Israel's status. Particularly troubling is Wright's use of Rom 5 to argue that Paul characterizes Torah as divinely intended to draw sin onto Israel, with the expected consequence that human sin would reach its zenith within Israel, a view that moves Wright toward the very supersessionism against which Paul cautioned his gentile followers. These exegetical decisions, which form a tightly structured messiah-oriented understanding of Israel's election, ignore what the Hebrew Bible and Paul affirm: while God accomplishes certain larger aims through Israel, God's election of Israel is ultimately grounded in God's inalienable love for Israel and Israel's ancestors.


The cellulose acetate butyrate/modified motmorillonite (Cloisite20A and Cloisite30B) nanocomposites were prepared by two different solvent casting methods. All antimicrobial nanofillers were characterized using X‐Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and antimicrobial components (carvacrol and cinnamaldehyde) included in the nanofillers were determined by gas and HPLC chromatography. These analyses confirmed the inclusion of antimicrobial agents in organoclay. The nanocomposite films were characterized by XRD, TGA, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Oxygen and Water Vapor Permeability, mechanical properties and antimicrobial behavior against E coli, L.innocua, S. cerevisiae. All films presented a reduction of at least 2.0 log cfu/mL when applied film nanocomposites procedure in which antimicrobial components are included in the last stage of the process and they are not previously included in the organoclay. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Considering the process of improving planning; the integrity of the plan and the harmonization of the general guidelines of the country, with the features and capabilities of the different provinces, the Methodological Plan for the development of the Ministry of Economy and Planning Indications were analyzed. The basic task performed was framed in the revision of Chapter of Territorial Planning methodological indications from 1980 to 2014, in order to examine the different stages through which has passed the Territorial Planning in the country, taking into account the Guidelines Economic VI Party Congress. This allowed propose different aspects to be taken into account in territorial planning in order that the Leninist principle of conjugation of the branches and territorial aspects are met. In this direction are suggested activities and tasks to consider in the analysis of the territories.


This article considers a monument of architecture located in the middle reaches of the Mejuda River in the Ksani gorge in the historical Georgian region Shida Kartli. The Bieti church is a unique monument of the region, representing a half-cave building. The southern part of the church is built of travertine and cobblestone, and the northern part is carved into the adjacent rock. The main primary source for the study of the monument is the ecclesiastical architecture of Georgia, mostly Shida Kartli region, as well as Armenia, Cappadocia, and Lycaonia. The study refers to epigraphic material, i.e. building and memorial inscriptions on the churches in the upper courses of the Liakhvi and Ksani Rivers, as well as the main chronicle of Georgia, Kartlis Tskhovreba . The author analyses the architecture of the Bieti church, its construction technics, decoration, etc. Among the monuments of the historical region of Shida Kartli, the church in Bieti stands alone: most of its closest analogues can be found in Asia Minor. Based on the analysis of the Bieti building inscription and historical data related to this part of Shida Kartli, the author proposes a more accurate dating of the monument. Additionally, based on the stylistic and typological analysis of architecture and the study of building technics, the author suggests that masters from Asia Minor may have been involved in building the church in Bieti. Despite the fact that the innovations of Bieti monastery brought from outside occur in local architecture only once in the church of the village of Kusireti near Tskhinval, the church in Bieti (due to the use of traditional architectural technics) is a link between the early architecture of the upper course of the Ksani River of the third quarter of the ninth century and subsequent buildings of the same direction in the upper course of the Liakhvi River.


This paper describes a case-study which illustrates the capabilities of a commercially available software package called SyMech, which runs within Pro/ENGINEER. The software allows a designer to synthesize arbitrarily complex planar mechanisms by sequentially specifying one of three basic mechanism design functions: position, path, or angle. Because the software runs directly within Pro/ENGINEER, the designer can create the geometry of all of the parts during the mechanism synthesis process, greatly reducing the overall time and effort involved in the design process. INTRODUCTION The case-study begins by specifying a realistic (if not typical) industrial problem: create a mechanism that will move a finger (rigid body) inside a container to press a switch on the outside of the container, and then return to the inside of the container. This finger mechanism will be a four-bar mechanism created with position synthesis. Next, another four-bar mechanism created with position synthesis will be designed to open the cover of the container. The two independently designed four-bar mechanisms will then be linked together using angle synthesis. Finally, crank synthesis will be used to design an input driver, so that the entire mechanism can be driven with a continuously rotating input. 1 Two different solutions to this basic problem can be found in [Erdman and Sandor]. The complexity of this example not only highlights the utility and versatility of SyMech's synthesis and analysis capabilities, but clearly illustrates the importance of subdividing the overall requirements into a manageable sequence of discrete mechanism design functions. The completed Pro/ENGINEER model of the linkage is shown in Figure 1. Figure 1. Completed ten-bar linkage.


In order to research the effects of selenium on active components of Cardamine enshiensis, a kind of selenium hyperaccumulator, the protein, free amino acid and soluble sugar were analyzed in leaves of Cardamine enshiensis after treated by Na2SO3 solutions with 0,15,30,45,60,75 and 90 mg/L.More over, total amino acid compositions were analyzed by automatic amino acid analyzer.The results showed that the protein fraction increased at selenium dosages 15~75 mg/L,and reached its peak at 30 mg/L.The soluble sugar fraction increased at selenium dosages 30~90 mg/L,and reached its peak at 60 mg/L.The free amino acid fraction decreased at selenium dosages 15~75 mg/L,but it was accelerated at 90 mg/L.Total amino acid fraction increased at 30 and 60 mg/L, but the percentage of essential amino acid decreased.


A series of novel betulin-28-hydrazone derivatives (7a-7o) were synthesized. All compounds were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxicities in four human carcinoma cells (HepG2, MCF-7, HCT-116 and A549). Among them, compound 7l displayed the most potent cytotoxicity with an IC50 (concentration of the tested compound that inhibits 50% of cell growth) value of 7.37 ± 0.38 μM against MCF-7 cells. The preliminary cellular mechanism studies indicated that compound 7l could induce MCF-7 cells apoptosis. The above findings indicated that compound 7l may be used as a lead compound for antitumor agents with improved efficacy.


A caf-like gene of full length DNA,named ThCon1,was obtained by genome walking from the ATMT mutation strain Trichoderma harzianum 1413 whose conidial yield was significantly decreased.ThCon1 gene encoded a homolog of chromatin assembly protein with 967 amino acid residues,containing two conserved domains WAC_Acf1_DNA_bd and DDT.It showed a high resemblance to that of Nectria haematococca mpVI 77-13-4 with 69% identity.To clarify its role in T.harzianum TH-33,we constructed a pDHt/SK ThCon1::hph vector to knockout the ThCon1 from wild T.harzianum TH-33 by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation method,and obtained a ThCon1 negative mutant.Analysis on the differences in mycelial growth and conidial yield between wild type and ThCon1 negative mutants indicated that ThCon1 negative mutant showed slower mycelial growth,decreased conidial yield.These results suggest that the gene ThCon1 may plays a role in mycelial growth and conidiation in T.harzianum.


Estimates of human capital externalities that are based on the Mincerian approach have been found to be biased in the presence of limited possibilities for factor substitution. Technology differences may be more important for the Mincerian bias than limited possibilities for factor substitution.


The heating rate distribution and temperature response on the gap walls of insulating tiles is analyzed to determine significant phenomena and parameters in flows where there is an external surface pressure gradient. Convective heating due to gap flow, modeled as fully developed pipe flow, is coupled with a two-dimensional thermal model of the tiles that includes conduction and radiative heat transfer. To account for geometry and important environmental parameters, scale factors are obtained by curve-fitting measured temperatures to analytical solutions. These scale factors are then used to predict the time-dependent gap heat flux and temperature response of tile gaps on the Space Shuttle Orbiter during entry.


In Plumas, Butte and Yuba counties, UC Cooperative Extension advisors have collaborated
 with fire safe councils to mitigate the risk of wildfire in local communities. They
 have determined the educational needs within the communities, obtained grant funding
 and worked collaboratively with the councils to deliver education and applied research
 programs that have helped homeowners and landowners take action to reduce their vulnerability
 to the risk of wildfires. Home structures have been modified to improve their fire
 resistance, fuel reduction programs have been adopted by local communities and maintained,
 communities have been mapped for evacuation plans and fuel breaks have been constructed
 on private and public forestland. Several wildfires, including the Marysville fire
 in 2006 and the Yuba fire in 2009, were slowed or stopped because of measures taken,
 showing the value of investment in pre-fire planning and actions.


After the passage of the Brand Law on August 23 rd, 1982, the National People's Congress of People's Republic of China emended it twice in 1993 and 2001 in order to keep up with the development of the times. The emendation in 2001 was very important for China to join in the World Trade Organization. In this article, We intend to try re-analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the newBrand Law and give our suggestions to improve it.


The formation constants of complexes of 2-(phenylhydrazino) propionic acid, 2-(p-tolylhydrazino)propionic acid and 2-(p-nitrophenylhydrazino)propionic acid with Mn(II), Co(H), Ni(II), Cu(Il) and Zn(H) have been studied at various ionic strengths, temperatures and in different ethanol-water mixtures (v/v) using the potentiometric technique. Thermodynamic parameters have been evaluated and discussed.


The triad tacticity of PAN obtained by precipitation polymerization in supercritical carbon dioxide was analyzed by 13C NMR and IR method. It is found that the triad sequence distribution of CO2PAN obeys Bernoulli statistics. And the result obtained from IR method is in accordance with the 13C NMR method used.


When you are a visual artist, working on agriculture or working on the landscape is not equivalent. Drawing on the review of his experiences as a researcher in arts, as a teacher in agricultural education and as a project manager on a mission of animation and development of the territories, as well as on the scientific productions of other researchers, the author discusses the place of the landscape in the experience of farmers and rural actors, who are on the ground. Integrating agricultural and geoagronomic viewpoints (in the french territories of Limousin, Berry and Cantal), he confronts them with testimonies from regional literature and art history, in order to support his position as researcher-creator.


The age of a large alluvial fan debouching onto the valley floor of the River Tweed, in southern Scotland, and the sequence of events relating to this, are investigated using geomorphological, sedimentological, palynological, archaeological and radiocarbon dating evidence. Prior to fan deposition, the Tweed valley floor seems to have been covered by a wooded peat at a time of low fluvial activity. The fan commenced deposition in the 11th century AD, and appears to have been a local event, the Tweed showing no response to this accelerated sedimentation. Later, perhaps 200 years later, the Tweed commenced overbank deposition of the only Flandrian terrace preserved. Local proxy data are examined in order to define the causes of these events, but difficulties in temporal correlation, despite the good resolution of the radiocarbon chronology, mean that the causes of these events remain unknown.


The developing trends of power transformer products and technique of china at the beginning of new century is prospected,based on development trends of chinese power construction. Some referenced suggestions are pointed out.


The present invention provides a 3D capacitors and methods of forming vias. The capacitor includes an insulating layer on the substrate. An insulating layer having a via hole, the via hole having a bottom and side walls. A first electrode stacked through at least a portion of the bottom of the hole and over the sidewall. The first high-k dielectric material over the first electrode layer are stacked. A first electrically conductive plate located above the first high-k dielectric material layer. Second high-k dielectric material layer are stacked over the first conductive plate and the remaining portion through the hole left unfilled. A second electrode formed on the remaining portion of the via hole. A first conductive plate substantially parallel with the first electrode and not in contact with the first electrode and the second electrode. This also provides 3D vias capacitor array.


In this chapter, we aim to outline, in the realm of the possible, the parameters of the field of Muslim authority in Hungary. For this purpose, it is appropriate to apply three types of approaches: first a conceptual study which analyses some key concepts (those of authority and legitimacy, in particular) from the perspective of the socio-anthropology of Islam. The next step is a longer exercise of mapping the sources of legitimacy among Hungarian Muslims. We do this second exercise following a back-and-forth movement between Islam in Hungary, Muslim societies and Islamic doctrines, all of which are contributing factors to the structures of authority and modes of legitimating that explain the production and obedience to authority among Hungarian Muslims. A final ethnographic approach describes and analyses debates between Hungarian Muslim women on the authority to decide over questions such as the problematic of legitimate preachers, celebrating birthdays in the family and female beauty care. The aim of the article is to examine the legitimacy of symbolic capital that allows Hungarian Islamic figures to claim the status of the authority and to initiate the production of this authority and to conduct an authorization process. From the outset, therefore, we raise the question of the moral economy1 of authority in Islam in Hungary. We base our study on observations and interviews with members of the two major Hungarian Muslim communities: A Magyarországi Muszlimok Egyháza and Magyar Iszlám Közösség.