Monitoring the computing resource is very important to the High Performance Distributed Computing Environment-grid. Hardware and software failure can be found and solved in time by monitoring the system. Analyzing the data gathered by monitoring will help find performance bottleneck, which is important for improving the system performance. GridMon is an LDAP based distributed grid monitoring system. It changes the normal usage of LDAP that doesn't store dynamic information in directory service. GridMon stores not only static data, but also dynamic data to reduce the interaction between client and server since the data can be obtained in one access. The monitoring object location and monitoring event are combined together into the same directory service. GridMon uses middleware technology to avoid direct access to the monitored hosts, therefore solving security and interface issues. Based on the LDAP's directory hierarchy, a tree-like infrastructure is built to map the grid structure. The whole grid monitoring system is constructed by giving the concepts of grid monitoring objects and monitoring events, with the representation method. The implementation issues about an implemented system-GridMon, is also discussed, which is designed according to the conceptual monitoring object and event model. The main software architecture used in GridMon is discussed by referring to the data model and design. Finally, the structure deference between grid and the cluster system is analyzed to explain the key points of grid monitoring, and GridMon is evaluated by these points and its potential applications.


In traditional 2D Anime, shadows are drawn by hand, and play a significant role in the creation of symbolic visual effects related to the character's position and shape. However shadows are not always drawn as a result of time constraints and a lack of animators. We develop a shadow generation system that enables animators to easily create shadow animation layers based on character outlines. Our system is both simple and intuitive. The only inputs required are the character animation layers generally used in the Anime industry. Shadows are automatically generated based on these inputs, and then generated shadows are fine-tuned by simple mouse operations. First, shadows are rendered using Shadow Map Method based on the transparency information of the character animation layers. Subsequently, our system applies some filters that enable the generated shadow shape to convert into the effective shadow shape such as the elliptical shape or the wavy shape. Through these processes, our system enables animators to create simple Anime-like shadow animation easily and in a short time.


WETTING agents are being extensively used in several of the processes of the textile industry such as kier boiling, dyeing and finishing. The wetting agents bring about thorough wetting and thereby ensure uniformity in the treatment of fabrics. They also accelerate the penetration of liquids into the fabric and thereby increase the speed of operation. A large number of wetting agents having varying degrees of efficiency are now commercially available.


Recently, the maximum complex correntropy criterion (MCCC) algorithm has shown its superiority for adaptive filter in complex domain. Compared with the traditional mean square error (MSE) criterion-based algorithms, MCCC uses complex correntropy as similarity measure, which is robust even in the presence of impulse noise. However, the error performance surface of complex correntropic loss (CC-loss) is not optimal, which is steep nearby the optimal solution and flat far from the optimal solution. In this paper, we propose a new similarity measure in complex domain, namely, complex kernel risk-sensitive loss (CKRSL). Based on CKRSL, we derive a new adaptive filter algorithm in the complex domain by using the gradient-based method, i.e., the CKRSL algorithm. Compared with the MCCC algorithm, the CKRSL algorithm has faster convergence rate and higher filtering accuracy. Meanwhile, it is robust against outlier. In addition, we provide the stability analysis and the steady-state excess MSE for the CKRSL algorithm. Simulation results confirm the correctness of the theoretical results and the superiority of the CKRSL algorithm.


14
 C-Tracer Studies Show hat methanol and ethylene glycol are primary products of the homogeneous rhodium-catalysed conversion of CO–H2 mixtures, are not solvent derived, and do not undergo secondary transformation under the reaction conditions; (CH2O)x appears to be converted into a common reaction intermediate.


Different types of land covers on the earth surface have different thermal characteristics and respond to solar heating and radiation cooling differently. Further the land covers emit heat in proportion to their respective temperatures and hence influence the air temperature differently. Therefore information about distribution and extent of various types of land covers along-with corresponding temperature has become important for environmental studies. Physical measurement of various land cover type or surface temperature at every place is not feasible. Fortunately advent of the remote sensing technology has considerably replaced the conventional ground surveys for a variety of data collection needs and providing even more precise data. The earth surface temperature estimates are now being derived from remotely captured data in thermal infrared band of the electromagnetic spectrum whereas land cover information is derived primarily from visible and near infrared bands. A time series data is taken mostly for three seasons of each year including spring, summer and post monsoon seasons to capture the seasonal variations and derive inclusive Land-use Land cover estimates on a five year periodicity since 1993. The time series LULC data is important for studying the correlation with the environment heating trends in the National Capital Territory and its contribution in the global warming. It would provide important inputs to the decision makers and other stake holders of NCT Delhi to set desired environmental standards and consider land-use planning to achieve the same in a conscious manner. As commonly believed, the study shows increase in the built up area at the expanse of vegetation cover. This work also redefines the approach of deriving 'Land use Land cover' from the Remote Sensing viewpoint to examine large scale real-spatial datasets.


We present here a lattice-dynamical study of the dispersion of surface phonons and resonances of the c(2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}2) overlayer of nitrogen on p4g-reconstructed Ni(100) along the \ensuremath{\Gamma}\ifmmode\bar\else\textasciimacron\fi{}\char21{}X\ifmmode\bar\else\textasciimacron\fi{} direction in the two-dimensional Brillouin zone. With the adsorbate atoms sitting in the fourfold hollow site at a distance of 0.2 A\r{} above the Ni surface, the calculations reproduce the main features of the observed dispersion of the surface modes, identify the origin of these modes, and isolate those characteristics which are peculiar to the reconstructed surface. Several features in the phonon dispersion curves are shown to be signatures of surface reconstruction.


The justification for closing any enforcement gap should be informed by a practical judgment that the potential concerns identified are sufficiently material to warrant intervention. Bojana Ignjatovic & Derek Ridyard (RBB Economics)


Abstract A simple method is derived for 1the determination of the two-dimensional surface image spectrum from the return signal of a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) without explicitly producing an image. The algorithm is similar in structure to a two-dimensional Fourier transformation, but the transformed function also depends explicitly on the wavenumber components. The function consists of the quadratic product of the complex return signal amplitude and the time-delayed complex conjugate return signal, the time delays with respect to range and azimuth time being proportional to the corresponding wavenumber components in these directions. The algorithm appears to be sufficiently simple to be implemented in real time aboard a satellite. Because of the considerable data compression achieved in reducing the original image to its statistical variance spectrum, this opens the possibility of obtaining global surface-wave spectral data from satellites without the excessive costs of sophisticated telemetry and a ...


HELLEY'S narratives in prose have long been seen as lapses in his career. Zastrozzi and St. Irvyne, the Gothic novels which he published in 181o, are usually dismissed as adolescent play or awkward sallies into the current fashion for the sake of "schoolboy fame."l Few have mourned the disappearance of the projected Hubert Cauvin (1812), a piece "in which I design to exhibit the cause of the failure of the French Revolution" (Letters, I, 218).2 And whenever modern critics allude to the narrative fragments that still survive, "The Assassins" (1814) is often discounted as a vague utopian tract, and "The Coliseum" (1818) is allowed "great human interest" but no "well-defined theme."3 To me, however, the themes in Shelley's fiction are clear and the techniques most revealing. Though none of his known attempts is a truly finished effort, his tales expose as nothing else can the problems of narrative structure that Shelley always faced and the quandaries linking his work to Romantic narrative in general.4 To be sure, his fiction appears to be a mass of blunders, especially by the


In 1368, Qan of Togon Temur gave up large town and moved northward so that Liaoyangxingsheng(遼陽行省) that was government organization of Liaodong of the Yuan could play role of an important bridgehead of the North Yuan enough to fight against the Ming. When Yu Yi(劉益) suddenly surrendered to the Ming, the North Yuan that lost Liaoyangxingsheng moved its governmental center to Qara Qorom to concentrate all of powers and to prepare for all-out offensive against the Ming. And, remaining power of the Yuan that took active part in Liaoyangxingsheng surrendered to Nagachu to form a gigantic power near 200,000 and to be the largest militarists in Manchuria, and its activity became an important variable of political change at Liaodong at the end of the 14th century. In 1372, Nagachu attacked Niugajiang(牛家庄), Liaodong outpost of the Ming's military force to block the Ming's supply route to Liaodong and to give a fatal damage to the Ming's military force. In 1375, however, Nagachu failed in massive attack for recovery of Liaodong, and he sought after new breakthrough to attack Liaodong by combined operations with Koryo. Nagachu who lost military base could not fight against the Ming's military force and finally surrendered to the Ming: After Nagachu's surrender, domino phenomenon of large-scaled surrender occurred in Manchuria. Nagachu' s surrender weakened North Yuan's military force greatly to lose Liaodong's military base and to terminate Togon Temur regime. Nagachu's surrender disturbed all of Mongolia and Togus Temur regime that was attacked by the Ming's military force in April 1388 was forced to be destroyed. Togus Temur's defeat and death actually terminated the North Yuan's power that established Southern-Northen Dynasties against the Ming Dynasty. Not only Nagachu's surrender but also Togus Temur regime's collapse caused severe damage to last Liaowang(遼王) of Ajasri of Otchigin Family that was gigantic power at Laodong. At last, the North Yuan regime was destroyed to let the Mongolian ruling class surrender continuously so that Ajasri also got independent management of Ulus from the Ming regime to surrender to the Ming in November 1388. At the end of the 14th century when the ruler in East Asia was replaced, the Koryo Dynasty used neutral diplomatic strategies between the Ming and the North Yuan to adopt dual diplomatic line. When Nagachu who played a bumper role between the Ming regime and the Koryo Dynasty surrendered to the Ming regime in 1387, the Koryo Dynasty was given direct threat from the Ming regime. Nagachu who prevented occupation of Liaodong surrendered to the Ming so that the Ming could reinforce attack to Liaodong to establish Tielingyi. Nagachu's surrender caused severe damage to the Koryo Dynasty that could keep balance at the northern border by relying upon Nagachu, ju Won-jang adopted policy toward the Koryo Dynasty by check and attack against Nagachu power. The Ming gave up soft-line policy toward the Koryo Dynasty after Nagachu' s surrender. East Asia that kept balance among the Koryo Dynasty, the North Yuan and the Ming was quickly reorganized to let the Ming take the lead after Nagachu's surrender.


Some β2-adrenergic agonists (β2-agonists) can strongly induce muscular hypertrophy, and are prohibited to use as doping drugs for athletes. The pharmacological mechanism for such induced hypertrophy is not clear. These agonists affect many organs via the cAMP-PKA system. Muscular hypertrophy is most likely induced by way of protein synthesis via the IGF-1/PI3K/ PKB system and negative myostatin pathway. There are some reports indicating that β2-agonists might stimulate protein synthesis via the IGF-1/PI3K/PKB system. Furthermore, it inhibits proteolysis via the ATP-dependent ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), autophagy-lysosome system and calcium-calpain system. In this review, some discrepancies are introduced between a basic hypertrophic mechanism and inhibited atrophic mechanism using β2-agonists. Surfaces of muscle fiber might have some various receptors, and the β2-adrenoceptor might be activated directly by PI3K via Gαs to trigger skeletal muscle hypertrophy. β2-agonists might be stimulated to synthesize follistatin of the myostatin inhibitor, as well as to produce satellite cells. Furthermore, increased myostatin may work to determine the size of each muscle fiber, and an increased number of quiescent satellite cells serve as myonuclei donors for hypertrophied muscle fibers. Recently, it was reported that follistatin synthesis was regulated by microRNAs. The effect of microRNA on β2-agonists is not clear. In the cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway, β2-agonists might inhibit various proteolytic systems, resulting in an increase of structural proteins. But β2-agonists have more pharmacological functions like lipolytic action and stimulation of the central nervous system; thus, more research and analysis is needed.


Abstract. The single mode fiber coupler has been successfully fabricated in various power ratio based on fusion and elongation method. Two single mode fibers were joined by heating them under the torch flame injected by H2 Gas with the temperature range of 1200°C - 1500°C. Coupling mode theory was determined to simulate the power characteristics of the fiber coupler which is then combined with the experimental results. The measurement of power output characteristics shows that good agreement between power ratio characteristic of experimental and theoretical simulation was obtained when the elongation process runs with a pulling speed of 180 μm/s. However, good performance of fiber couplers interm of coupling loss with typical of 0.05 dB has been obtained by integrating a vacuum system as the fiber holders inside the slot of pulling stages. Experimental results found that the suitable pressure of vacuum system operating during heating process is 120 mbar.


Pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzymes catalyze a wide variety of reaction types on amines and amino acids, generally by stabilizing carbanionic intermediates, which makes them very common in both primary and secondary metabolism. A fundamental mechanism by which reaction specificity is enforced is stereoelectronic effects; the bond to Cα that gets broken in the universal external aldimine intermediate is that which is aligned parallel to the p orbitals of the conjugated, electron-deficient π system. When a bond to Cα has been broken, enzymes must also carefully control the fate of the resulting carbanionic intermediate. Structurally, all known pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzymes are separated into five groups. The largest of these, Type 1, is the aminotransferase group, of which aspartate aminotransferase is the prototype. The prototypes for the other groups are as follows: Type 2, tryptophan synthetase; Type 3, alanine racemase; Type 4, D-amino acid aminotransferase; and Type 5, glycogen phosphorylase.


This study attempted to investigate the mediating effect of parental involvement on the relationship between school climate and continuous improvement. To achieve this aim, the researchers conducted a descriptive research with quantitative approach to explore this mediating effect. The population of this study was 42870 Grade 1 and 2 high school students in Lorestan state, Iran. With applied simple and stratified random sampling, a total of 400 students were chosen as the participants in this study. The researchers used questionnaire as an instrument to collect the data. The results of this study illustrated the medium level for parental involvement, school climate and continuous improvement, based on students' perception. In addition, the findings show the mediating effect of parental involvement on the relationship between school climate and continuous improvement. These results have suggested that if school climate and parental involvement are improved, it could be an effective strategy to increase continuous school improvement. The results of this research proposed more comprehensive empirical view on how parental involvement can improve the relationship between school climate and continuous improvement in Iranian education system.


—This study investigates the fusion of augmented reality (AR) and body painting as a novel concept for artistic expression. By combining the immersive capabilities of AR with the creative potential of body painting, this research explores individuals' perceptions and attitudes towards this innovative artistic approach from an HCI perspective. Drawing upon the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Diffusion of Innovation Theory (DIT), the study examines the factors influencing individuals' acceptance and intention to engage in AR-integrated body painting. Additionally, the research explores the mediating role of artistic expression in understanding the impact of these factors on the actual outcomes of this merged concept. A sample of 212 respondents participated in an online survey to accomplish the research objectives. The survey comprehensively measured participants' perceptions of innovativeness, social system support, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, artistic expression, and behavioral intention towards AR-integrated body painting. Rigorous data analysis was conducted using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to examine the intricate relationships between the variables. The findings underscore the significant impact of factors such as Innovativeness, social system support, perceived usefulness, and perceived ease of use on individuals' acceptance and intention to engage in AR-integrated body painting from an HCI perspective. Moreover, the study reveals the mediating role of artistic expression in connecting these influential factors with the actual outcomes of this merged concept. These empirical insights substantially contribute to our understanding of the fundamental mechanisms driving the adoption and utilization of AR in artistic practices, particularly within the domain of body painting, from both an artistic and HCI standpoint.


1. In a population of crested tits Parus cristatus in northern Belgium, living in group territories outside the breeding season, food was mainly stored during October and November, a time when territorial flocks are split up in age-specific subflocks. 2. First-year flock members frequently stored in the upper and outermost parts of the trees, whereas adults consistently hoarded and foraged in protected sites near the trunk. The outermost, predator-exposed sites were only used by first-year foragers in mixed-age winter flocks with adults, as a result of site competition within flocks on cold days. 3. Consequently, the overlap between foraging sites (protected) and hoarding sites (exposed) of first-year birds was small during autumn, but large during winter


A method for probe diagnostics is proposed for a tokamak. In this method, account is taken of the deviations from axial symmetry due to cuts in the wall, the magnetic circuit of the inductor, etc. With smooth perturbations of the symmetry it is sufficient to supplement the traditional diagnostic technique by a measurement of the local transverse flux. A method is discussed for systematically taking account of the causes of asymmetry for the general case in which the perturbations cannot be assumed to be smooth.


Summary form only given. When the effectiveness of chemicals are low due to natural pathogens or biofilm resistance, exposure to non-thermal plasma seems to be an alternative method for treating superficial wounds and skin infections. Understanding of the interactions between plasma species and pathogenic bacteria and yeast biofilms is a key for designing plasma source for medical applications. The goal of this study is to define an optimum Ar/O2 gas mixture to have maximum reduction of biofilm loads. Ar/O2 plasma jet is used to treat biofilms of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Samples are treated under different conditions with respect to source-to-sample distance, treatment time, etc. Applied voltage and gas flow rate do not play roles on decreasing biofilm loads, significantly. Amount of UV radiation and temperature at the place of sample are controlled due to safety requirement. The results of this study suggest that plasma should be optimized in the direction of reducing the intensity of plasma-generated UV radiation and increasing the density of reactive oxygen plasma products.


We use three field L and T dwarfs that were discovered to be wide companions to known stars by the Two Micron All-Sky Survey to derive a preliminary brown dwarf companion frequency. Observed L and T dwarfs indicate that brown dwarfs are not unusually rare as wide (Δ > 1000 AU) systems to F-M0 main-sequence stars (M > 0.5 M☉, MV < 9.5), even though they are rare at close separation (Δ < 3 AU; the "brown dwarf desert"). Stellar companions in these separation ranges are equally frequent, but brown dwarfs are ≳10 times as frequent for wide than close separations. A brown dwarf wide-companion frequency as low as the 0.5% seen in the brown dwarf desert is ruled out by currently available observations.


Perceived theological imperatives, which are paradoxical in nature, can result in a classic double-bind situation which place a Christian believer in a position where no "correct" or "obedient" response is possible. Such double-binds entrap Christians in a way that they can neither take action, not take action, nor comment upon the dilemma of the entrapment itself. A prolonged exposure to such double-binds can result in a neurotic symptomatology that is directly induced by the double-bind situation. The author develops a theoretical framework for understanding "induced Christian neurosis" through an examination of experimental neuroses, paradoxes, pragmatic paradoxes, and double-binds. Final consideration is given to the resolution of the double-bind predicament.


The variance-covariance matrices of station coordinates can be rigorously transformed between two reference frames at the same epoch,ignoring the influence of velocities and 7 transform parameters rates.By the method,local area data can be brought into ITRF and avoid data processing repeat simultaneity.Moreover it's convenient to use directly international data products existed in the Internet.Analyzing the results of the example,discover that the transformed coordinates deviation can excel 0.1 mm level,which can meet the transformation request between two reference frames.This paper can be used for reference to unite data in different reference frames.


trol subjects to be violent. Persons with at least 1 of these 3 disorders constituted one fifth of the sample, but they accounted for half of the sample's violent crimes (10% of violence risk was uniquely attributable to schizophrenia-spectrum disorder). Among alcohol-dependent individuals, violence was best explained by substance use before the offense; among marijuana-dependent individuals, by a juvenile history of conduct disorder; and among individuals with schizophrenia-spectrum disorder, by excessive perceptions of threat and a history of conduct disorder. Conclusions: In the age group committing most violent incidents, individuals with mental disorders account for a considerable amount of violence in the community. Different mental disorders are linked to violence via different core explanations, suggesting multipletargeted prevention strategies.


Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a major cause of gastric mucosal lesions. In China, teprenone is frequently prescribed as a mucoprotective agent, but the literature regarding their efficacy is limited. Our purpose was to address the effects of teprenone on long‐term NSAID‐associated gastric mucosal lesions.


In 1993, the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) initiated a Comprehensive Strategy to provide a research-based framework of strategic response to juvenile delinquency. In 1996, three communities (Lee and Duval Counties, Florida and San Diego County, California) collaborated with the OJJDP to apply the Comprehensive Strategy . This bulletin describes the experiences of and lessons learned by these Comprehensive Strategy sites. These three communities have made substantial progress toward planning and implementing targeted and cost-effective ways to promote healthy youth development and to stop the development of serious, violent, and chronic juvenile offending. The bulletin provides an overview of the Comprehensive Strategy and describes the Comprehensive Strategy planning processes and key lessons learned at each pilot site. Critical success factors overall have been: (1) leadership; (2) agency and community support; (3) maximizing existing resources and systems; (4) marketing; (5) training and technical assistance; and (6) a degree of early success. Some of the obstacles these pilot sites faced were in the areas of data collection, "turf" issues, scheduling and time demands, and community participation. (Contains 11 references.) (SLD) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. U.S. Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office Of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization


the application of optical trapping in Si Solar cells H. Sekhar, Y. Kida, M.M. Rahman, T. Kubota, S. Samukawa H. Takato and M. Kondo 1 Fukushima Renewable Energy Institute, AIST, Japan, Institute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan WPI Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan *Email: firstname.lastname@example.com, email@example.com Introduction: Silicon is a stable, eco-friendly, abundant and occupy the present PV market share more than 85%, and our research mainly focus on to reduce the production cost by developing high efficiency, thin (<100 m) light weight PERC bifacial type Si solar modules in large scale for mass production. Si is high refractive index (n = 3.4) and indirect bandgap material, more than 30% of incident light is reflected from the front surface and needs more thick Si (1000 μm) to absorb transmitted light. We propose making nano holes on micro pyramids will reduce the surface reflections to minimum and increase the optical absorption through increasing the path lengths of transmitted light inside Si. Experiments: CZ p-Si (100) with thickness of 180 μm and resistivity of 1-5 ohm-cm wafers were used to form micro pyramids by wet etching. The mixture of Cl2, SF6 and O2 neutral beam [1] were used to make holes on micro pyramids, to determine the etch profile use the cross-sectional view by using FE-SEM. Anti-reflection properties were measured using UV-Vis spectrometer which contains the integrated sphere. Results and Discussions: Wet etching was performed to generate micro pyramids with a size of 5 to 6 microns and as shown in Fig. 1(a), which decrease the surface reflectance 20 to 9 % in the wavelength range from 400 to 1020 nm shown in Fig. 1 (b). We utilize the concept of multiple reflection in nano holes on the surface of micro pyramids will reduce the reflectance below 9%. Mask less texturing was performed to make the nano holes using Cl2, SF6, and O2 neutral beams (NB) is to generate small to big hole on the surface of micro pyramids and as shown in Fig 1(b). The measured reflectance spectrum of NB modified samples not decrease much due to partial etch out of the micro pyramids, we are optimizing the gas chemistry to get best anti-reflective modulated surface texture for photovoltaic device. Ref: [1]. S. Samukawa et al., J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 20, 1566 (2002).


The National Confidential Enquiry into Peri-Operative Deaths (NCEPOD) recently published a study attempting to review all deaths within 30 days of a coronary angioplasty procedure in the UK between September 1998 and August 1999. What observations were made?

Since 1987 the National Confidential Enquiry into Peri-Operative Deaths (NCEPOD) has undertaken detailed peer review of the clinical details of patients who died following anaesthesia and various surgical procedures. Their annual reports have reviewed the quality of care delivered, not specifically the causes of death, and attempted to identify potentially remediable factors in clinical practice. Last year NCEPOD published a study of a percutaneous "minimally invasive" procedure attempting to review all deaths within 30 days of a coronary angioplasty (PTCA) procedure in the UK between September 1998 and August 1999.1 What observations were made?

All UK intervention centres were invited to participate, and 84% (n = 36) of National Health Service (NHS)—but only 38% (n = 5)—of private, intervention centres returned data. A total number of 21 222 PTCA procedures were performed with an overall mortality calculated to be 0.87%, validating the figure of 0.91% independently reported by the British Cardiovascular Intervention Society.2 All deaths occurring in hospital were identified, but data collection systems were less robust for any death occurring in the community and a few may have been missed. Data were complete for 121 deaths and these formed the main basis of the report. The majority of those who died were high risk cases before the angioplasty procedure was undertaken; a high proportion had some form of acute coronary syndrome (85%), 62% had PTCA undertaken for acute myocardial infarction, 63% had moderate or severe left ventricular dysfunction, and 33% were in cardiogenic shock. Only 10% of the …


Increased catecholamine secretion from neuroblastomas can occasionally be demonstrated, but severe hypertension is uncommon. We report the perioperative management of a 5 year old child with stage III adrenal neuroblastoma who presented with malignant hypertension and high norepinephrine and dopamine levels. Hypertensive crises occurred during anesthesia for surgical biopsy and during chemotherapy. After blood pressure control using phenoxybenzamine and enalapril, doxazosin was used successfully as the preoperative α‐adrenergic receptor antagonist for surgical tumor resection.


In the conventional design approach of the piled raft foundation,the structural loads are completely carried by the piles and the contribution of the bearing capacity by the soils is usually ignored.The new approach considers the soil bearing resistance and leads to the reduction of the number of piles.It has an obvious cost advantage.


The contemporary studies of evolutionary ethics show that Mencius' s views of human nature and sympathy are supported by the findings in primatology and evolutionary biology.These empirical supports are especially significant against the increasing emphasis on the empirical reliability of a model of normative ethics in the recent decades.The empirical reliability of Mencius' s moral theory not only reveals its explanatory power on human nature but also lends the justificational power to the normative model it provides.


The distribution characteristic of the radar clutter is used in the paper.It analyzes the probability density and the power spectral density of the low resolution radar.The simulative model is established and a method of frequency transformation for simulating the clutter echo is introduced.A radar signal simulator based on digital signal processor(DSP) ADSP-BF533 is presented;the Rayleigh clutter is simulated by using the method introduced successfully.The simulation indicates that the clutter is real-time and can fulfill the need to test or examine the type of MTI and MTD radar.


Medical advice does not necessarily concur with what the patient wants. Difference in opinion between the physician and the patient may be due to poor communication, but also different goals and views of health. This is a general problem. This article focuses on the basis for cooperation between doctor and patient with regard to use of anti-psychotic drugs. The question is whether the concept of compliance recognizes and takes in the complexity connected to use of anti-psychotic drugs. The concept of concordance, on the other hand, focuses consultation and cooperation. The question is whether this is feasible with regard to treatment of psychosis. Compliance depends on what the patients actually thinks or believes about the medication regardless the opinions are in fact true or not. We argue that patient opinions and experience will be crucial in understanding how patients choose to act. Consequently, we need a concept that emphasizes treatment goals and intentions of the patients. This also necessitates a need to investigate patient attitudes about anti-psychotic drugs.


REFERENCES 1. Blumenfeld Z: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist for preservation of ovarian function during (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 30:3310, 2012 2. Tomao F, Benedetti Panici P, Tomao S: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists for the preservation of ovarian function during chemotherapy. J Clin Oncol 30:3310, 2012 3. Munster PN, Moore AP, Ismail-Khan R, et al: Randomized trial using gonadotropinreleasing hormone agonist triptorelin for the preservation of ovarian function during (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 30:533-538, 2012 4. Badawy A, Elnashar A, El-Ashry M, et al: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists for prevention of chemotherapy-induced ovarian damage: Prospective randomized study. Fertil Steril 91:694-697, 2009 5. Del Mastro L, Boni L, Michelotti A, et al: Effect of the gonadotropinreleasing hormone analogue triptorelin on the occurrence of chemotherapyinduced early menopause in premenopausal women with breast cancer: A randomized trial. JAMA 306:269-276, 2011 6. Gerber B, von Minckwitz G, Stehle H, et al: Effect of luteinizing hormone– releasing hormone agonist on ovarian function after modern adjuvant breast cancer chemotherapy: The GBG 37 ZORO study. J Clin Oncol 29:2334-2341, 2011 7. Leonard RC, Adamson D, Anderson R, et al: The OPTION trial of adjuvant ovarian protection by goserelin in adjuvant chemotherapy for early breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 28:89s, 2010 (abstr 590) 8. Sukumvanich P, Case LD, Van Zee K, et al: Incidence and time course of bleeding after long-term amenorrhea after breast cancer treatment: A prospective study. Cancer 116:3102-3111, 2010 9. Fornier MN, Modi S, Panageas KS, et al: Incidence of chemotherapyinduced, long-term amenorrhea in patients with breast carcinoma age 40 years and younger after adjuvant anthracycline and taxane. Cancer 104:1575-1579, 2005


1. Cockscomb (Celosia argentea var. cristata), C. argentea, an almost sterile hybrid between them, and eight F2 plants raised from seed from the hybrid have been studied cytologically. The hybrid possessed a chromosome number (2n = 54) intermediate between those of the parents (2n = 36 and 72 for cockscomb and C. argentea, respectively). The parents exhibited typical meiotic pairing, and no irregularities were observed. A cross between these species has been previously reported by Wakakuwa (21), who described the meiotic behavior of the hybrid. Of the eight F2 plants investigated in this study, somatic chromosome numbers of 54 (three plants), 81 (one plant), and 108 (four plants) were observed. Atypical meiotic behavior was found in all F2 plants. 2. Aberrations in microsporogenesis resulted in many types of microspores. An estimate of the percentage fertility of all plants is given. 3. Both stomatal and pollen-grain size were proportional to chromosome number and were found to be valuable criteria for distinguishing the polyploid plants in Celosia. 4. Twenty-six different types of fasciated cockscombs showed no difference in chromosome number. Fasciation in cockscomb must result from genic rather than from chromosome number differences. 5. Cockscomb is considered to have been incorrectly made a variety of C. argentea and should be reinstated as C. cristata L. 6. As a result of fasciations of the inflorescence, there is probably an insufficient number of flowers producing seed for cockscomb to maintain itself in nature.


Introduction. The article deals with the problem of compensation for damage in the absence of a specific injurer through investigating two problems of international law related to the formation of space debris and pollution of the World Ocean. Theoretical analysis. Acts of international law and the actual increase in the amount of space debris and the level of pollution of the World Ocean are studied, and proposals to reduce threats to space flights and marine bioresources are made. Results. The article concludes that there is no single and universal solution to the problems, despite the revealed similarity of the considered cases (the lack of evidence of the harm-causing subject). Such decisions should have not only a legal aspect (the development of new international conventions), but also an economic aspect (the creation of special environmental funds) and an organizational aspect (the expansion of the competence of international bodies). Separately, the article emphasizes that solving these problems will require increasing level of environmental and legal culture of public authorities, businesses and the population.


The utility model relates to a bergol oil well metering device, which is composed of a separate measuring tank of a mechanical part and a common control circuit, wherein, the separate measuring tank is composed of an oil inlet and a separator on the upper part, a hopper on the lower part, a tipping bucket on the middle part, and a heat tracing pipe and an oil outlet on the lower part. The control circuit is composed of a programmable controller and a metering sensor, a temperature sensor, a content gauge, a transducer, a display header, an input key-press and a position switch. The flow capacity of the oil is calculated by the programmable controller, a metering sensor and a temperature sensor. The utility model has advantages that the sealing property of the metering tank is good with convenient operation, and the utility model mndel is an electromechanical integration commodity. The sealing property of the utility model can save a great amount of thermal energy, which relieves pipeline pressure; and the horizontal metering used by the artificial metering can be replaced, which solves the present status that the artificial metering is of great difficulty with and wasted labor and time.


In the article the features of boring holes in diameter 100mm with cutting heads. Compares two cutting patterns: dividing the depth of cut, feed division. Boring heads are working on the scheme of division supply, develop a very large performance than the head, working on the scheme dividing the cutting depth. There are two ways to supply the division between the teeth of such tools with uniform and non-uniform arrangement of teeth (incisors) in circumference. If irregular division slice thickness required distribution slice thickness between the blades can be achieved in two ways: by the appropriate angular position of blades and by axial displacement of the blades. The design of the tool boring head three operating divisions supply scheme.


A gravity drainage concept has been proposed and tested for in-situ recovery of bitumen by mobilization with soluble gases at ambient reservoir temperature conditions. Experiments were done using carbon dioxide and ethane gases at ∼ 20°C to recover Athabasca bitumen from a scaled reservoir model. Thermal gravity drainage theory has been modified for the mass transfer case. The measured drainage rates were higher than those predicted by the model using molecular diffusivity data but fit the model better using an increased effective diffusivity. Lateral dispersion theory does not predict the high measured effective diffusivities. A preliminary economic evaluation of field production indicates potential application to recovery of Lloydminster heavy oil.


AbstractA resource book of government initiatives drawn from 14 countries was prepared to aid in the search for cost-effective interventions to house the elderly. The objectives of this phase of work are to study the range of government initiatives in terms of their primary focus, to compare the mechanisms chosen to house the elderly with the mechanisms available for government intervention, and to examine the manner of intervention and the legislative responsiveness to the housing needs of the elderly. Seventy-one initiatives are found to have 19 primary foci, ranging from national research to assisting the families that care for the elderly. Among the mechanisms used for government intervention, financial measures predominate when compared to research and information, regulations, programs, and enabling actions. Both direct and indirect interventions are noted. Most initiatives are based on traditional definitions of housing need (housing deficiencies and affordability) rather than on assistance for dwe...


This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of planting date and planting density on the growth and yield characters of yacon (Polymnia sonchifolia POEPP) and to establish the cultivation method in the middle region of Korea. An introduced variety of yacon was used. Seeding dates were from April 5 to April 7, and seedlings were trasplanted three times on the May 25, June 5, and June 15 with the intervals of 10 days. Planting densities were 80(width) × 35(distance)㎝, 80 × 45㎝, and 80 × 55㎝. Plant height was not significant among planting dates, but was longer in the order of 80 × 55㎝, 80 × 35㎝, and 80 × 35㎝ among planting densities. Fresh weight of top part was heavier as the planting dates were faster and planting densities were narrower. Total yeid of tuber had no significant among planting dates and was higher in the density with 80 × 45㎝ and had the same tendency in the yeild of commercial goods. Correlation coefficient between plant height and yeild of commercial goods was highly positive(r=0.927 ** ).


Visualization of data is considered to be an important area of Data Science. Data visualization symbolizes the efforts that help people in understanding the significance of data in a better way through representing it in a visual context. The patterns, trends, and correlations that might go undetected in raw data can be exposed and recognized effectively with data visualization methods. Here our aim is to recognize the limitations of the existing visualization approaches and to present a novel data visualization method.


The fragile ecological areas are the regions that have been greatly influenced over time by people and nature,according to particular climatic,economic,and social conditions.The degree of vulnerability of the ecosystem varies according to the different conditions of the society,economy,and environment of each vulnerable area.Considering the practical situation of the test areas,the cause of formation of the vulnerability was defined by questionnaire and then the vulnerability of the ecosystem was assessed with Principal Component Analysis.


summary:In 1867 James Lane and George Gascoyen, surgeons to the London Lock Hospital, compiled a report on their experiments with a new and controversial treatment. The procedure, known as "syphilization," saw patients be inoculated with infective matter taken from a primary syphilitic ulcer or the artificial sores produced in another patient. Each patient received between 102 and 468 inoculations to determine whether syphilization could cure syphilis and produce immunity against reinfection. This article examines the theory and practice of this experimental treatment. Conducted against the backdrop of the Contagious Diseases Acts, the English syphilization experiments have been largely forgotten. Yet they constitute an important case study of how doctors thought about the etiology and pathology of syphilis, as well as their responsibilities to their patients, at a crucial moment before the advent of the bacteriological revolution.


A solar water purifying device utilizes sunlight to heat solar heating tubes, the coats of the heating tubes emit infrared rays when the heating tubes reach 31DEG C, heated water upward moves to a water tank, the relative cold water in the water tank downward moves, passes through a filter layer, and then enter the solar heating tubes, the filtration circulating in the above mode makes nuclear radiation and various harmful substances polluted water be filtered, and sewage flows into a sewage bottle as an industrial raw material. Purified water is used for softening and instant heating type baths and air conditioners. If the day is a windless cloudy day, there are no solar energy and wind power generation, so a commercial power transformer transfers to a voltage of 36V and automatically supplies power for the solar water purifying device; and the solar water purifying device is harmless to human bodies if the electric leakage of a shower is carried out and a control computer is accidentally out of control.


In 1990s, feminism discussion of Korea was actively performed. It can be divided into Nationalistic Feminism and Feminism from the aspect of universal human right. From the view of exchange of international feminism discussion among Korea, China and Japan, although exchange of feminism between Korea and Japan in 1990s is focused on offense and defense of nationalistic aptitude of Feminism, Chinese feminism discussion was proceeded on the basis of relationship between "Developmentalism" and woman. Therefore, discussion of Chinese Feminism introduced to Korea in 1990s was organized on the basis of decrease of woman's social position caused by marketization policy of China and criticism for "Cultural Large Revolution" of past and this exchange of feminism discussion between Korea and China in 1990s showed different phase to situation of Korea in 1980s. Although Korea Feminism was promoted on the basis of "protection of motherhood" and "self-decision right" (to prevent sexual harrassment in work) in 1990, it was promoted on the basis of female labor in 1980s. In another word, female labor movement of 1980s selecting "the right to labor like man" as outstanding question received female liberation in the time of past Chinese socialism, "half of liberated heaven" as liberation discussion that Korean female liberation had to search. When it is compared to that chinese feminism introduced to Korea in 1980s has a positive thing appearing as alternative plan for overcoming rea problem, the view of woman against China included indication about abuse of socialistic female liberation, meaning, "man and woman are same". This paper asked whether present marketization policy of China is developing with feminism and indicated insufficient interest of Chinese feminism about survival condition of female worker, result of marketization policy. In relation of mutual effect of feminism of 3 countries in 80-90, refraction caused by condition of own country existed and its example was change of the view of woman against China. This paper considered exchange of feminism discussion of 3 countries from the view of relation of effect from internal and external condition.


Polypropylene, PP, is a versatile commodity plastic with one of the largest global consumption because of its low cost and attractive final properties. Although, its application is rather limited because of its relatively moderate fracture performance. The addition of thermoplastic elastomer could lead to improving impact properties of plastomer materials. In this paper, effort has been undertaken to study the effect of thermoplastic elastomer styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene block copolymer, SEBS, as impact modifier for polypropylene, PP. Blends of plastomer/thermoplastic elastomer, PP/SEBS, were prepared by twin-screw extruder and parameters of torque, pressure and capacity were followed during processing. Fractal analysis of processing parameters was performed and Hurst index determined. Instron Mechanical Machine was used to determine mechanical properties of investigated blends, tensile strength, elongation at break and yield, while impact properties of PP/SEBS blends were obtained by Izod. Tribological behaviour of PP/SEBS blends were investigated by multiple scratch tests performed by CSEM Micro-Scratch Tester. Results show that styrene-ethylene/butylene –styrene block copolymer acts as a good impact modifier for polypropylene


ABSTRACT Despite efforts in Ireland to increase the number of part-time students in Higher Education, there was limited growth over twenty years 1997–2017. Part-time featured in widening participation strategies; however, this mode of learning has orientated towards employability. Retention of part-time students remains a problem for Higher Education. This paper draws on findings from an empirical study and explores factors that encouraged integration amongst on-campus part-time, flexible students in Higher Education Institutions. Findings indicated that students persisted in their studies despite encountering challenges. Students reported a sense of belonging at programme and department level; however, this did not equate with inclusion within the Higher Education Institutions. Students continue to experience difficulty in accessing supports and facilities. The limits of an interactionist model were explored from the perspective of non-traditional students. Tinto's model of integration does not translate straightforwardly to part-time flexible students who were not socialising on campus but were committed to completing the programme.


Homo- and copolymers of N-vinylimidazole belong to a rapidly emerging class of polymeric materials. Because of the fact that these materials can be utilized in several high-temperature processes and applications, such as catalysis, fuel cells, polymeric ionic liquids (PIL), precursors for new materials by thermolysis, etc., and because fundamental details on the thermal behavior of such polymers are lacking, systematic investigations have been carried out to reveal the stability and the mechanism of thermal decomposition of poly(N-vinylimidazole) (PVIm) by using a variety of techniques, such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry (TG), thermogravimetry–mass spectrometry (TG-MS), and pyrolysis–gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). The investigated PVIm was obtained by free radical polymerization initiated by AIBN in benzene at 70 °C. By the unique combination of the applied methods to investigate the thermal decomposition mechanism of PVIm, it was found that the thermal dec...


The safe production, processing, distribution, and marketing of foods in the United States is overseen by several Federal regulatory agencies, as well as their counterparts in each of the individual states. While somewhat confusing at first glance, the responsibilities of each agency reflects its specific jurisdiction and mission. State agencies provide oversight for food products produced and consumed within that state, whereas Federal regulatory agencies have responsibility for the interstate and international commerce. At the Federal level, responsibilities are divided on the basis of commodity and/or activity lines. The USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service is responsible for the inspection of meat, poultry, and egg products, where as the DHHS Food and Drug Administration has jurisdiction of virtually all other products including fruits, vegetables, shell eggs, and seafood. The FDA also has primary responsibility for the pre-market approval of food additives and the development of the 'Food Code' for retail food operations. The EPA is responsible for the pre-market approval of pesticides and related antimicrobials for use with raw agricultural commodities. While there are differences in how each of these agencies approach their responsibilities, the goal of each is to ensure food manufacturers meet their responsibility for producing safe foods, and that the US consumer has confidence in the safety of the US food supply.


The use of anonymous witnesses is today prohibited in Sweden but the subject has been fiercely debated since 1990. In the past recent years organized crime has increased which has reignited the debate once again. By passing a law that allows for anonymous witnesses, politicians believe more people will be willing to testify in criminal cases featuring organized crime. The Swedish parliament decided on the third of April 2019 to appoint an investigation to examine the possibility to use anonymous witnesses in the criminal trial procedure.

The purpose of this essay is to investigate whether it is possible to set up a system with anonymous witnesses in compliance with the rule of law. This essay will also examine if such a system results in more convictions in cases of organized crime. The legal basis is the defendant's right to cross-examine witnesses and the right to a fair trial, art. 6 ECHR. The European Court of Justice does not prohibit the use of anonymous witnesses in criminal trial procedure but court practice sets requirements on how to use such a system. The implementation of a system that allows for anonymous witnesses will however circumscribe the procedural guarantees of the defendant.

The Swedish legal system is similar to the one in Norway. Norway´s regulation concerning anonymous witnesses can therefore be used as an example of how an acquis can be designed. Norwegian regulations require witnesses to fulfil certain strict requirements before they are given anonymity. However, the acquis has rarely been applied and, in my opinion, does not constitute a strong argument for allowing anonymous witnesses in Sweden. I think the defendant right to cross-examine witnesses have been unsatisfactory limited in Norway and I don't believe a system with anonymous witnesses is the right way to reduce organized crime. Therefore, I believe that the defendant should, as today, continue to know the identity of the person accusing him or her.


During the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, the word "symbolism" appeared in the Ukrainian literary process with regularity. Allusions to European symbolists, especially the French (i.e., Baudelaire, Mallarme, Verlaine) were quite prevalent. Not infrequently, the term "decadence" also came into play. Curiously, neither expression entered the lexicon of criticism as a period designator, and today the era from approximately 1900 to 1914 is commonly known as "Modernism." The "symbolist" nature of Ukrainian "Modernism" survives in our literary consciousness, but more as intuition than as demonstrated fact.


In this 5 page note we first derive an infinite series with nonnegative terms from a Lambert series of the Liouville function $\lambda(n)$. Then we prove the Laplace transforms of its partial sums are convergent for $\sigma>\frac{1}{2}$, and uniformly for any $t\in\mathbb{R}$. Finally we show that if there exists any $s_{0}$ with $1>\sigma_{0}>\frac{1}{2}$ such that $\zeta(s_{0})=0$, then we must have $\zeta(2s_{0})=0$, which contradicts the well-known fact that $\zeta(s)\neq0$ for $\sigma\ge1$.


The article describes results of comparative evaluation of two pharmacopoeial methods used for quantitative determination of tannins in herbal drugs: the titrimetric method of the State Pharmacopoeia of the USSR (XIth edition) that is described in the draft general monograph «Determination of tannins in herbal drugs» to be included in the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation, XIII edition, and the spectrophotometric method of the European Pharmacopoeia. Basic metrological characteristics of the methods were determined using oak bark as sample herbal drug. Both methods were used to test the quality of 9 herbal drug samples in which tannins were present as the main group of biologically active substances. It was revealed that the determined amount of tannins depends on the method used; and content limits are different for the two methods. Experiments were undertaken with the addition of pyrogallol. A modification of the titrimetric method of the State Pharmacopoeia of the USSR (XIth edition) was considered with a view of increasing tannins yield from herbal drugs; conclusions were made regarding the need to change the tannins limit for the modified method.


The distance education literature is dominated by media comparison studies in which students learning at a distance are compared to students learning in a traditional classroom. Although newer, more technologically advanced media are hyped as facilitating more effective instruction the research clearly indicates that all media of instruction are equally effective. Researchers can more profitably devote their energies to examining the truly critical factor in determining student achievement: instruction itself.


The administration of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) is a relatively simple treatment option for patients with headache, neck and shoulder pain, and low back pain yielding highly satisfactory results. Along with excellent efficacy, BoNT treatment is associated with high compliance, long duration and very few side effects. (non-author abstract)


In this paper, we present an ongoing work on using a household electricity consumption behavior model for recognizing changes in sleep patterns. The work is inspired by recent studies in neuroscien ...


Proliferating‐cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), also known as cyclin, is synthesized in proliferative cells and recently was identified as DNA polymerase‐delta auxiliary protein. In this paper, the association of PCNA to the proliferative cells of plants was analysed using both autoantibodies to PCNA obtained from a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and murine monoclonal antibodies.


: According to Goldman and Olsson ' s so-called conditional probability solution to the extra-value-of-knowledge problem, knowledge is more valuable than mere true belief because having the former makes the acquisition of further similar true beliefs in the future more likely than having the latter does. Unfortunately, however, several philosophers have rejected the comparative probability claim Goldman and Olsson ' s solution is based on. In this paper, I present a new argument in defence of this claim. More precisely, I point out a highly plausible necessary and suf fi cient condition for the latter and argue for its truth by bringing together con fi rmation-theoretic and reliabilist considerations. I also explain where a number of objections against Goldman and Olsson ' s probabilistic claim seem to go wrong.


The digging resistance in a normal state is the key to excavator design and automated excavation. It is difficult to accurately predict, simulate, or directly measure the digging resistance in a normal state due to uncertainties in the soil properties and excavation parameters. In this paper, a research idea is proposed that uses the working device as the entry point to indirectly calculate the digging resistance in a normal state by measuring the motion parameters and the cylinder pressure intensity. Based on the rule of combination for spatial force systems, a method for combining and projecting the system of the digging resistance is proposed in which the system is projected as six parts, and the tangential force, normal force, and bending moment in the plane of symmetry of the working device are the objects of the solution to avoid redundant equations. Based on kinematics and dynamics models of the excavator and the force and moment equilibrium conditions of the working device, equations for the active-side calculation of the incomplete digging resistance are derived. Based on these equations, the motion parameters of the working device and data on the cylinder pressure intensity obtained by measurement are used to calculate the incomplete digging resistance. The validation scheme and process proposed use the incomplete digging resistance as the external load to obtain the simulated stress of the working device through transient analysis. The simulated stress and the measured stress corresponding to the position of the measurement point are extracted and compared. The results show that there is a difference in the size of the numerical value between the simulated and measured stress, but the variation law is highly consistent, which validates the calculation method. In this paper, an active-side calculation method is provided for the incomplete digging resistance in a normal state without considering the soil-tool interaction relationships, which lays a theoretical foundation for the study of the digging resistance characteristics in a normal state, as well as excavator design and automated excavation.


The mesoscopic RLC series circuit are quantized by five different ways which are the forced damp harmonic vibration,the construct the Hamiltonian and associated canonical transformation,the damped harmonic vibration canonical transformation,the construct the Hamiltonian and associated unitary transformation and the inner construction of the resistance are summarized.The quantum fluctuations of the charge,the current and their products are analyzed when the system in the vacuum state.The different results from the same circuit quantized by different methods are due to the different chice of the Hamiltonion of the system.


Specific molecular arrangements within H-/J-aggregates of cyanine dyes enable extraordinary photophysical properties, including long-range exciton delocalization, extreme blue/redshifts, and excitonic superradiance. Despite extensive literature on cyanine aggregates, design principles that drive the self-assembly to a preferred H- or J-aggregated state are unknown. We tune the thermodynamics of self-assembly via independent control of solvent/non-solvent ratio, ionic strength or dye concentration, obtaining a broad range of conditions that predictably stabilize the monomer, H-/J-aggregate. Diffusion ordered spectroscopy, cryo-electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy together reveal a dynamic equilibrium between monomers, H-aggregated dimers, and extended J-aggregated 2-dimensional monolayers. We construct a model that predicts the equilibrium composition for a range of standard Gibb's free energies, providing a vast aggregation space which we access using aforementioned solvation factors. We demonstrate the universality of this approach among several sheet forming cyanine dyes with tunable absorptions spanning visible, near and shortwave infrared wavelengths.


ABSTRACT. Semantic verbal fluency (SVF) is one of the most widely used tests for cognitive assessment due to its diagnostic utility (DU). Objective: our objective is to evaluate the DU to detect cognitive impairment (CI) of a short version of the SVF applied in 30 seconds (SVF1-30). Methods: a prospective sample of consecutive patients evaluated in a Neurology Unit between December 2016 and December 2017 were assessed with the Global Deterioration Scale (GDS), 30-second and 60-second SVF tests (animals), and the Fototest, which includes a fluency task of people's names. The DU for CI was evaluated by the area under the ROC curve and effect size ("d" Cohen). Results: the study included 1012 patients (256 with CI, 395 with dementia). SVF1-30 shows a good correlation with GDS stage. The DU of SVF1-30 is identical to that of the classical version, applied in 60 seconds, (SVFtotal) for CI (0.89 ± 0.01; p > 0.50), and shows no significant difference for dementia (0.85 ± 0.01 vs. 0.86 ± 0.01, p > 0.15). Discussion: the DU of SVF1-30 is similar to that of the SVFtotal, allowing a reduction in examination time with no loss of discriminative capacity.


Understanding the public health implication of fiscal policies is crucial to combat recently increasing overweight and obesity rates in many low-and-middle income countries (LMICs). This study examines the implication of food policies, mainly tariff rates on "unhealthy†foods, including sugar and confectionery products as well as fats and oils, and governments' subsidies on individuals' body weight outcomes. We compile several macro- and micro-level datasets that provide for several LMICs macro-level information on food policies and micro-level anthropometric data. We exploit temporal dynamics in tariff rates on "unhealthy†foods and governments' spending on subsidies to estimate fixed effects models characterizing the evolution of body weight outcomes. We find that temporal dynamics in tariff rates on unhealthy and energy-dense foods are significantly and negatively associated with body weight. Conditional on several observable and time-invariant unobservable factors, a decrease in tariff rates on sugar and confectionary foods or fats and oils is associated with an increase in overweight and obesity rates. On the other hand, an increase in subsidy rates, as a share of government expenditure, is significantly associated with higher overweight and obesity rates. Interestingly, we find that the implications of these food policies are more pronounced among poorer individuals. This is intuitive because relatively poorer households are more likely to spend a larger share of their income on food consumption or unhealthy foods, and these types of households are beneficiaries of government subsidies in many LMICs. These findings have important implications for informing public health policies in LMICs, which are experiencing an unprecedented rise in overweight and obesity rates.


To evaluate the clinical diagnostic value of contrast‐enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for focal benign and malignant lesions of the salivary glands, as well as for common benign lesions.


This study was designed to investigate the comprehensibility of messages selected to be used in Radio Data System - Traffic Message Channel (RDS-TMC) service. Sixty licensed drivers were interviewed. The interview consisted of three parts. The first part was a comprehension test, followed by a preference test. The last part of the interview was about finding out how long drivers expect to wait when they hear about a traffic event that may cause delays in traffic. The main results showed that people on roadway was understood better than pedestrians on roadway as indicating events involving unexpected pedestrians in any part of the roadway. The phrase expected was understood as more certain than danger of or possible. Traffic and traveller information often consists of information on a cause and a consequence. These two parts of the message can be provided in two orders. The interviewed drivers preferred the order in which the cause is followed by the consequence. (A*) For the covering abstract see ITRD E110327.


The city of Quito (1 .5 million pop.), Ecuador, located in the interandean valley, is lirnited on the west side by Guagua Pichincha Volcano and on the east side by a series of slopes aligned NNE, in accordance with the Andean trend . This latter morphological feature is the superficial expression of the Quito Active Fault System. Since June 1998, an anomalous increase of seismic activity was registered in the northern part of Quito, and two months later, an increase of volcanic and seismic activity at Guagua Pichincha Volcano (located 16 km SW of the swarm) was registered. Characterization and relationship between these two seismic activities are important to understand both processes and to advise people living in Quito and its surrounding areas


Let [X1, X2,…, Xn) be a simple random sample of size n chosen according to uniform distribution on the unit interval [0,1]. Then the interval is divided into (n + 1) sample spacing of lengths Y0, Y1,…, Yn respectively. In this paper, we attained asymptotic distribution of sample spacing length and asymptotic independent of Yi,Yj (i≠j) by discussing the behaviour of order statistics.


We demonstrate the high speed wavelength tuning of 850 nm MEMS VCSELs with advanced voltage drive technique. We obtained ringing-free wavelength sweeping, exhibiting the step-and-settle response time of less than 1.3μs, corresponding to a sweep rate of 3.8 × 106 nm/sec.


Line 357-358: "Improvement" in Atlantic sector is (5%) is small and difficult to see in plot. Can you make a difference plot between 10c and 10d to show this? The changes are also seen in the mean difference plots (10a,b) not just the RMSD plots (10c,d). In order to avoid adding two extra plots, and because it seems the previous wording in the paper was too vague, instead on line 357 we have added "specifically in the area immediately north of Svalbard and Franz Josef Land" after "in the Atlantic sector", to clarify where to look.


The reductive elimination of biphenyl from cis-[Pt(Ph)2(diphosphine)] (3) was studied to clarify the electronic effects of diphosphine ligands on the reaction. Reaction kinetic data were evaluated in d8-toluene within 80−110 °C using 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane (dppe) and seven of its fluoroaromatic analogues as ancillary diphosphine ligands. The fastest reaction rate corresponded to 3, bearing the electron-poor 1,2-bis[bis(pentafluorophenyl)phosphino]ethane (dfppe) ligand, and was 1240 times faster than that for dppe-bearing 3, which has the slowest. The estimated rate constants k were highly correlated with Taft's σ* values for phosphorus-bound aromatics in 3. However, their correlation was split between 2,6-fluorine aromatic and 2,6-hydrogen aromatic-bearing diphosphines, suggesting steric effects from the 2,6-fluorine atoms. The observed ΔH⧧ values were correlated with theoretical values, which were calculated by the DFT method. The correlations revealed that electron-poor diphosphine ligands dec...


Reducing the accretion of ice on aerodynamic surfaces remains a challenge. Certain surface types have been hypothesized to reduce ice buildup. In this paper, a previously developed numerical method is employed to investigate the effects of droplet size and surface characteristics on the solidification of a supercooled water droplet as it impacts a cooled surface at high speed. Upon impact, nucleation is assumed to occur instantaneously, and properties of the droplet are chosen to account for the nucleation process. Simulations are performed in ANSYS Fluent using a coupled Volume of Fluid and Level-Set method to capture the air-water interface and an Enthalpy-Porosity method to capture the liquidsolid interface. We consider high-speed Supercooled Large Droplet impacts on hydrophilic, hydrophobic, and superhydrophobic surfaces. Results show that superhydrophobic surfaces may not be icephobic for larger diameter droplets.


International organisations advocate the use of extracorporeal cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) with veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) in selected patients with therapy-refractory cardiac arrest [1–3]. Although VA-ECMO allows for full circulatory support, it is inherent to increased left ventricular (LV) pressure due to retrograde aortic perfusion, which may hamper myocardial recovery and aggravate pulmonary oedema. In order to mitigate these negative sequelae, adjunct LV unloading with an Impella microaxial flow pump may be considered. The effects of concomitant treatment with VA-ECMO and Impella (ECMELLA) in patients with therapy-refractory cardiac arrest due to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains unclear.

 To the best of our knowledge this is the first study to investigate whether treatment with ECMELLA is associated with improved 30-day mortality rate in patients with therapy-refractory cardiac arrest caused by AMI, compared to treatment with VA-ECMO alone.

 Patients treated with ECMELLA were propensity score (PS)-matched to patients receiving VA-ECMO based on age, electrocardiogram (ECG) rhythm, cardiac arrest location (out-of-hospital or in-hospital) and Survival After Veno-Arterial ECMO (SAVE) score. Cox proportional-hazard and Poisson regression models were used to analyse 30-day mortality rate (primary outcome), hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS) (secondary outcomes). Multiple sensitivity analyses on patient demographics and cardiac arrest parameters were performed.

 95 adult patients from three tertiary care centers were included, out of whom 34 pairs were PS-matched. ECMELLA treatment was associated with 47% decreased 30-day mortality risk [95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.31–0.91, P=0.021], 71% prolonged hospital [95% CI 1.50–1.95, P<0.001] and 81% prolonged ICU LOS [95% CI 1.57–2.08, P<0.001]. Kaplan-Meier analyses (Figure 1) and multiple sub-group analyses (age, sex, initial ECG rhythm, Charlson comorbidity index, body mass index, SAVE score, cardiac arrest location, lactate and pH levels) confirmed survival benefits in the ECMELLA group. Especially patients with prolonged low-flow time and high initial lactate benefited from ECMELLA therapy. Moreover, LV ejection fraction strongly improved in the ECMELLA group between ICU admission and ICU discharge from 15% to 40%, compared 15% and 20% in the VA-ECMO group.

 In this multicenter propensity score-matched cohort of patients with ECPR during therapy-refractory cardiac arrest caused by AMI, treatment with ECMELLA was associated with improved survival compared to treatment with VA-ECMO alone. These findings support current guideline recommendations on early evaluation of ECPR in well selected patients with therapy-refractory cardiac arrest. A clinical trial is urgently needed to further evaluate the role of LV unloading in patients with therapy-refractory cardiac arrest.

 Type of funding sources: None.


7063 Background: Patients with relapsed SCLC have a dismal prognosis. Pemetrexed is a well tolerated agent, which is active against non-small cell lung cancer. We postulated that Pemetrexed may also be active and well tolerated in pts with relapsed SCLC, for whom few effective options exist.

METHODS
Eligible pts had small cell or a poorly differentiated neuroendocrine cancer, received 1 or 2 prior chemotherapy regimens and had an ECOG PS 0-2. Pts received Pemetrexed 500 mg/m2 iv once every 3 weeks along with vitamin B12, folic acid, and dexamethasone for up to 6 cycles or progressive disease or intolerable side effects. Chemosensitive (S) pts (relapse > 90 days following 1st line chemo) and chemoresistant (R) pts (PD ≤ 90 days following 1st line chemo) were analyzed separately. The primary objective of this phase II study was to estimate the clinical benefit rate [partial response (PR) or stable disease (SD)] in the 2 populations. Pts were to be accrued in 2 stages. If 8 of 18 and 3 of 21 pts achieved a PR or SD in the S and R populations, respectively, accrual would have continued to a total of 46 (S arm) and 50 (R arm) pts in each arm.

RESULTS
From 1/05 to 9/05, 43 pts were enrolled. Criteria to proceed to stage II were not met for either arm. S arm (n = 20): M/F 12/8; median age 63 (range, 45-79), PS 0/1/2 7/8/5. R arm (n = 23): M/F 17/6; median age 65 (range, 42-79), PS 0/1/2 7/10/6. Select grade 3/4 toxicities (combined group): 4 pts with neutropenia; 2 pts each with anemia, AST/ALT, bilirubin elevation; 1 pt each with thrombocytopenia, febrile neutropenia, infection with neutropenia, and rash. S arm: 1 PR and 1 SD were confirmed. R arm: 1 PR and 1 SD were confirmed.

CONCLUSIONS
Pemetrexed 500 mg/m2 has minimal single agent activity in pts with relapsed SCLC. [Table: see text].


s of articles in English Bharatiya Vaigyanik evam Audyogik Anusandhan Patrika Vol. 9 No.2 December 2001 pp 57-65 Gene Therapy and Genetic Diseases Ravi Kant Upadhyay National Centre of Plant Biotechnology Research Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012 Abstract In this paper various methods being used in gene therapy have been described. By means of these methods affected cells are genetically transformed to enable them to develop strength to fight against the diseases. Some of the major methods are cloned human genes and transfer of gene segments, oligonucleotide and synthetic gene, chimeric antibodies, recombined immunized antibodies and vaccines, direct DNA & RNA injection, and transformed antigens. Nowadays various recombined pharmaceutical products are also being developed (and used) by expression cloning. The major ones are: blood coagulating agents, erythropoietin, insulin growth hormone, tissue plasminogen, activator interferon and interleucones, granulosite colony stimulating factor (GCSF) etc. Among the various gene therapy methods major two are: in vivo and ex vivo gene therapy. Direct injection, particle bombardment, receptor mediated endocytosis and Iiposomes have been described in detail under gene therapy principle. Relevant intramural Iiposome eLa, gene therapy and hydrodynamics based gene therapy, synthetic chromosomes and angiotensin gene therapy have also been included.In this paper various methods being used in gene therapy have been described. By means of these methods affected cells are genetically transformed to enable them to develop strength to fight against the diseases. Some of the major methods are cloned human genes and transfer of gene segments, oligonucleotide and synthetic gene, chimeric antibodies, recombined immunized antibodies and vaccines, direct DNA & RNA injection, and transformed antigens. Nowadays various recombined pharmaceutical products are also being developed (and used) by expression cloning. The major ones are: blood coagulating agents, erythropoietin, insulin growth hormone, tissue plasminogen, activator interferon and interleucones, granulosite colony stimulating factor (GCSF) etc. Among the various gene therapy methods major two are: in vivo and ex vivo gene therapy. Direct injection, particle bombardment, receptor mediated endocytosis and Iiposomes have been described in detail under gene therapy principle. Relevant intramural Iiposome eLa, gene therapy and hydrodynamics based gene therapy, synthetic chromosomes and angiotensin gene therapy have also been included. Bharatiya Vaigyanik evam Audyogik Anusandhan Patrika Vol. 9 No.2 December 2001 pp 66-72 Fire Retardant Treatment Technology of Timber: Essential Vacuum and Air Pressure for Optimum Chemical Absorption N. s. Tyagi, Mahesh Chand & Saheb Singh Fire Research Laboratory, Central Building Research Institute Roorki 247 667 Abstract Timber is a building material having burning properties. However, due to the presence of moisture it does not burn till it dries. The moisture is replaced by air which evaporates in the form of vapour on drying. The timber attains burning properties when dried. The timber can be made fire proof on replacing the air by fire retardant chemical solutions. This process of making the timber fire retardant is termed as full cell process and the plant used is called vacuum pressure impregnation plant. In this paper, the details of the observations and results pertaining to vacuum, pressure and chemical retention with regard to the fire retardant treatment for various timbers have been given.Timber is a building material having burning properties. However, due to the presence of moisture it does not burn till it dries. The moisture is replaced by air which evaporates in the form of vapour on drying. The timber attains burning properties when dried. The timber can be made fire proof on replacing the air by fire retardant chemical solutions. This process of making the timber fire retardant is termed as full cell process and the plant used is called vacuum pressure impregnation plant. In this paper, the details of the observations and results pertaining to vacuum, pressure and chemical retention with regard to the fire retardant treatment for various timbers have been given.


Thermal  conductivity  measurement  has  been  carried  out  (k)  rice  husk  board  with  double plate method. Board from rice husk ash was varied by size, resin content and board density. Rice husk was varied  into three size groups, namely rice husk smaller than 1 mm in  size, hull size of 1 mm to 2 mm, and chaff large size of 2 mm. Gluten content was varied in three groups, ie + 20 %, + 45 % and + 75 %. The combination of particle size and concentration of adhesive produces 9 types of board husk with different densities. The results showed that the price of thermal conductivity of each sample board is very small and varies chaff. Rice husk board that has the price of the lowest thermal conductivity is the board from rice husk by husk size smaller than 1 mm and grade adhesive + 20 % with k = 0.187 (J s-1 m-1 K-1), while rice husk board price has the highest thermal conductivity is larger than 2 mm and grade adhesive + 75 % with the thermal conductivity k = 0.329 (J s-1 m-1 K-1).


The invention relates to a fabric for blind occulting a glazed surface of a motor vehicle, comprising at least three layers including an outer layer of protection, sending and / or absorbing the light rays, intended to be directed towards outside said vehicle, an inner layer covering, intended to be directed inwardly of said vehicle and at least one intermediate layer. According to the invention, at least one of said layers has an elasticity in the direction of deployment of said fabric.


Mineral assemblage in metapelites and quarts segregations have been studied in the Somosierra massif. Proposed mineral zonas have a spatial relation with a major ducile shear zone, the Berzosa Fault (B.S.Z.), interpreted as a Hercynian synmetamorphic structure.
The relationships beetwen the main crystal growth phase, and the Hercynian second deformation phase, have been stablished.


The study has been carried out in plan aiming to identify the saving and investment aptitudes of the families who have different education levels. In the scope of the study 440 families were selected in random sampling from stratified families living in the neighborhoods representing the middle and high socio-economic levels in Ankara. As the result of the study it has been determined that more than half of the families accomplish saving and investment, an increase was identified in the monthly saving and investment rate according to the increase in their education level, the main aim in having savings was for the education of their children and to guarantee their future, in the aims of having investments the prior one was to attain prosperity, when families are to make investments they benefited mostly by their own knowledge and experiences, they mostly credited their investments on real estate property, foreign currency, gold and term deposit, and when choosing their investment modal it was identified that they tended for the investment tool that they thought to be financially safe.


Identification of somatic mutations and germline variants that are determinants of cancer and other complex human diseases/traits (driver mutations) is mostly performed on a statistical basis, using models of genomic evolution [1] or mutational bias [2], to increase the significance of individual events. Achieving appropriate statistical power, however, requires large effect sizes or large cohorts due to multiple hypothesis testing correction [3]. In addition, these approaches are not designed to provide mechanistic insight. As a result, many disease risk determinants, such as apolipoprotein E, were discovered long before they were mechanistically elucidated [4]. Network-based analyses have recently emerged as a highly effective framework for the discovery of Master Regulator (MR) genes that are functional disease drivers [5, 6, 7, 8]. Here, we present the R implementation of DIGGIT (Driver-gene Inference by Genetical-Genomic Information Theory), an algorithm to identify genetic determinants of disease by systematically exploring regulatory/signaling networks upstream of MR genes. This collapses the number of testable hypotheses and provides regulatory clues to help elucidate associated mechanisms. We have applied DIGGIT to identify causal genetic determinants of the mesenchymal subtype of human glioma [9].


War stories of a collective trust fund that faced regulatory scrutiny and negative press Two years ago, Canandaigua National Bank and Trust, pleased with the investment performance of an employee profit-sharing plan it was managing for its 200 employees, sought a way to provide a similar alternative investment vehicle for customers. The $317 million-assets bank in the upstate New York community of Canandaigua, won approval from the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency and the Securities and Exchange Commission to set up an open-end diversified management investment company with a family of five collective trust funds. The bank is allowed to act as trustee, investment manager, administrator, custodian, provider of unitholder accounting services, and principal underwriter of the collective fund through an exception to the Glass-Steagall Act that the OCC made about ten years ago. The exception limits the fund's purpose to employee trust. The fund so far is actually two funds--the Equity Portfolio and the Bond Portfolio. In 1992 the president of Canandaigua, George W. Hamlin IV, didn't know the funds would be battered by a turf battle between the SEC and the OCC, nor could he have predicted a spate of unmerited bad press from national newspapers that occurred earlier this year. But if he had, he would have done it anyway. "We would do it again, although nobody's made it easy for us," he says. Demand from the self-employed The funds were created to provide people with diversification and professional money management for retirement savings. Most of the 100,000 people in the bank's middle-class market are self-employed or small business owners--plumbers, electricians, farmers, shopkeepers, doctors, and other professionals. They tend to have retirement money invested in individual retirement accounts or simplified employee pension plans. "Your choice of investment in an IRA is CDs, bonds, or equities," Hamlin says. "You have to decide what that mixture will be based on your risk tolerance." The Canandaigua National Collective Investment Fund for Qualified Trusts provides another option--units in a common investment pool that is diversified in the stocks and bonds of over 40 companies. By rolling their retirement money into the fund, investors get the advantage of collective investment--diversification--although they may contribute as little as $5,000, $10,000, or $15,000. They receive quarterly and annual reports, and if they have questions they can call or visit local people--Robert J. Swartout, assistant vice-president of the bank and manager of the equity fund, or Gregory S. MacKay, senior vice-president of the bank and manager of the bond fund. Another reason the bank set up this fund is that Hamlin wants to be ready for the day the Glass-Steagall restrictions on banks' mutual fund and securities activities are removed. "I wanted to learn about this; these are things your mother won't tell you about," he says. And the fund is an efficient use of investment expertise. The investment philosophies of the employee profit sharing plan and the fund are almost identical--both invest mostly in large blue-chip companies with strong growth potential, such as Eastman Kodak and J.P. Morgan. So similar decisions can be made for both, although because the collective trust fund has to report its results quarterly, it moves in and out of stocks and bonds more frequently than the profitsharing plan, which reports annually. Regulatory tug-of-war The bank had to pay between $30,000 and $60,000 in legal fees to gain regulatory approval. Registering the fund with the SEC as an open-end diversified management investment company and creating and printing a prospectus took "blood, sweat, and tears," Hamlin says. The fund gets annual, week-long visits from examiners at the OCC and SEC. "The OCC says, 'It's run by a bank, we've got to regulate it,' and the SEC says, 'It's a collective investment, we've got to regulate it,'" Hamlin says. …


The aqueous phase hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of furfuryl alcohol over Cu/MgAl and Cu/ZnAl catalysts with different Mg/Al and Zn/Al molar ratios, were investigated. Mg-Al and Zn-Al mixed oxides derived from hydrotalcites precursors were used as supports, which were impregnated with an aqueous solution of copper nitrate by incipient wetness impregnation. The HDO reaction was carried out in a typical batch reactor at 5 MPa of H 2 and 200 °C for 4 h. Among the catalysts studied, the Cu/MgAl-0.5 catalyst exhibited the higher furfuryl alcohol conversion (86%) and yield of cyclopentanol (35%), which is the reaction product with the highest hydrogen-carbon (H/C) ratio. With the Cu/MgAl-3 catalyst a high cyclopentanone yield (67%) was achieved. The results obtained, showed that copper supported on mixed oxides catalysts derived from hydrotalcite precursors are a promising alternative to improve the bio-oil quality.


Most of prefabricated concrete buildings made for example under "Wroclaw Great Plate" construction system (for short WGP), however very popular in Lower Silesia, were built in the '60-ties and '70-ties of XX century. Until now a lot of them have not been renovated, therefore their technical state, in many situations, is very poor or almost pre-failure. Poland is not situated in any seismic region of the earth, however there are still areas were underground mining is being conducted. In these areas, phenomena so-called 'paraseismic tremors', are very frequent. In the situation when a building examination is realized in order to define its safety, it is necessary to make a complete analysis, in which an influence of tremors should be included. To decide if a building is able to carry out any dynamic loads or not, it is necessary to compute its dynamic characteristics, i.e. natural frequencies. It is not possible using any standard techniques. After diagnosis a building in situ by an expert, computer techniques together with specialized software for dynamic, static, and strength analyses become a suitable tool. In this paper a special attention was paid to a typical twelve-store, WGP prefabricated building, concerning horizontal joints. During dynamic actions these joints have a decisive influence on building's behavior. Paraseismic tremors are especially dangerous for this type of buildings and can be the reason of pre-failure states. It can be difficult and very expensive to prepare laboratory investigations of the part of the building or of a separate joint; therefore a computer modeling to investigate behavior of such elements and whole buildings under different kinds of loads was used.


Structured abstract Question: In patients undergoing surgery, does prophylactic dimenhydrinate reduce the frequency of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) compared to placebo? Data sources: Studies were identified by computerized searches (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library) up to June 2001, citation review, and hand searches of locally available anesthesia journals. No language restrictions were applied. Study selection: Studies were selected if they were randomized controlled trials comparing prophylactic dimenhydrinate or diphenhydramine to placebo. Data extraction: Data was extracted in duplicate on postoperative nausea, postoperative vomiting, and PONV. Main results: Eighteen trials with a total of 3,045 patients met the inclusion criteria. Compared to placebo, dimenhydrinate reduced the frequency of early (0–6 hr postoperatively) PONV (relative benefit [RB] 1.21; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.07–1.21) and overall (0–48 hr postoperatively) PONV (RB 1.51; 95% CI 1.27–1.78; Table). Dimenhydrinate reduced overall PONV in subgroups of adults, children, and routes of administration (iv/im or pr). Conclusion: Prophylactic dimenhydrinate reduces PONV up to 48 hr after surgery. Funding: Not reported. Correspondence: Dr. med. Peter Kranke, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Wuerzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, D-97080 Wuerzburg, Germany. E-mail: email@example.com


A research was done in order to study the effects of late-season drought stress on yield and yield components of irrigated barely lines with 2 factors of genotype and drought stress in the form of split plot test in the format of complete random blocks with 3 repetition in Islamabad-e Gharb Station (Kermanshah province).For 9 levels of lines MBD-85-3, MBD-85-6, MBD-85-8, MBD-85-14, MB-85-3, MB-85-5,MB-85-18 and 2 control cultivars Yosuf (D5) and Nosrat, drought stress and genotypes were considered as major and minor factors, respectively. Each plot was set at a 12-m2 area (each ridge 60 cm). Plant density was set at 400 seeds/m2 with 4-5 cm planting depth. Seeding was performed by winter Schneider test seeder with sprinkler irrigation. Soil test determined the amount and type of fertilizer to be used. Results of variance analysis indicated that the difference among cultivars in terms of biological yield became significant at 5% probability level, that no significant difference was observed among irrigation levels, but cultivar × irrigation interaction was significant at 5% probability level. Also, the results showed that the difference among cultivar in terms of harvest index became significant at 5% probability level while it became significant at 1% probability level for irrigation levels, and cultivar × irrigation interaction was significant at 5% probability level.


Abstract Characteristics and sorptive properties of three series of chelating resins having incorporated calixpyrrole ligands within their structures is reported. Two sets of resins were obtained by immobilization of calix[4]pyrrole or calix[4]pyrrole[2]thiophene on the beads of crosslinked (vinylbenzyl chloride)/divinylbenzene copolymer. The third series was synthesized by condensation of calix[4]pyrrole with formaldehyde. All resins displayed sorptive properties towards halide anions and cyanides in a non‐aqueous medium (acetonitrile). The resins displayed superior selectivity for fluoride anions and the selectivity sequence for the uptake of other anions depended on their ionic radii. The bigger ligand, calix[4]pyrrole[2]thiophene, showed an enhanced affinity for bigger anions, including iodide, which was not observed in the case of calix[4]pyrroles. Thus, the resin containing the larger ligand complexes the whole range of anions, but with poorer selectivities.


This paper summarizes the responses of 103 student-athletes enrolled in a first-year experience course when asked, What adjective best describes your first semester in college? Not surprisingly, the most frequent descriptors were busy, fun, stressful, and different. The paper concludes by discussing the implications of collecting this type of data as a form of early warning system.


During the process of cutting aluminum alloy with WC/Co coated tools, severe adhesion and wear exist on the tool-chip contact interface, which are the major factors leading to failure of cutting tools. To address this problem and extend the service life of cutting tools, this study introduced surface textures into coated tools, trying to integrate the anti-friction properties of micro-textures with the wear resistance properties of coating to improve tribological characteristics of tools surface. Firstly, hybrid texture consisting of micro-scale pits and micro-scale grooves were fabricated on the rake surface close to the main cutting edge of carbide tools by picosecond laser. Subsequently, the textured tools were deposited with hard-coating CrAlN via physical vapor deposition (PVD) technology, and the hybrid textured CrAlN coated tool (MPG-T) was obtained eventually. Other texture combinations included micro-scale pits and micro-scale grooves distributed in the tool-chip contact zone. Wet cutting experiments were carried out with these prepared tools. Results showed that MPG-T tool performed better in cutting forces, friction coefficient, tool adhesion and wear on the rake face and the flank face, chip morphology compared with micro-scale pitted coated tool (MP-T), micro-scale grooved (MG-T) and conventional coated tool (CCT). Moreover, the corresponding synergistic mechanisms of hybrid texture and coating were proposed. It's suggested that applying the results to actual industries can enhance the performance of coated tools in machining of 6061 aluminum alloy.


Objective To investigate the focal basal cell layer disruption(FBCLD) in prostate and the integrity of its adjacent basement membrane and their relation with the occurrence and development of prostate cancer.Methods HE,and double P63 and CK34βE12 immnostaining were performed for the selected 25 samples of prostate cancer.The integrity of basal cell layer was observed.Basement membrane was stained with Ⅳ collagen to determine its change.Results Among the 89 FBCLD foci detected in the 25 samples,basement membrane disruption was found in 76(85%),thinner basement membrane or weak immunostaining was observed in 13(15%).Positive P63-labelled basal cell layer was thicker than negative P63-labelled basal cell layer when the P63labelled basal cell layer was normal.Sixty percent of PIN showed FBCLD and basement membrane disruption.The focal disruption in normal and benign tumor tissues was milder.Conclusion FBCLD is closely related with changes in basement membrane.Duct or gland with FBCLD and basement membrane disruption may be a greater risk of developing cancer.