Twenty‐five years ago, the Middle‐to‐Upper Paleolithic transition in Europe could be represented as a straightforward process subsuming both the emergence of symbolic behavior and the replacement of Neandertals by modern humans. The Aurignacian was a proxy for the latter, during which enhanced cognitive capabilities explained ornaments and art. The few instances of Neandertal symbolism were deemed to long postdate contact and dismissed as "imitation without understanding," if not geological contamination. Such views were strengthened by the recent finding that, in southern Africa, several features of the European Upper Paleolithic, including bone tools, ornaments, and microliths, emerged much earlier. Coupled with genetic suggestions of a recent African origin for extant humans, fossil discoveries bridging the transition between "archaics" and "moderns" in the realm of anatomy (Omo‐Kibish, Herto) seemingly closed the case. Over the last decade, however, taphonomic critiques of the archeology of the transition have made it clear that, in Europe, fully symbolic sapiens behavior predates both the Aurignacian and moderns. And, in line with evidence from the nuclear genome rejecting strict replacement models based on mtDNA alone, the small number of early modern specimens that passed the test of direct dating present archaic features unknown in the African lineage, suggesting admixture at the time of contact.


This paper provides an overview of the evolution of the housing market in Bangkok beginning in the boom period of the 1990s up to the most recent developments. Key summary data are provided and a simple model of housing supply is developed. While the market has recovered from its biggest crisis, there remain future challenges, some of which are likely to present themselves in other countries as well. The influence of Chinese investment and the risk of capital flight represent medium-term threats. In the long term, an aging population and growing income and wealth inequality are likely to impede prospects for broad-based growth in housing demand.


Background In 2008 the St. Petersburg branch of the Federal Antimonopoly Service (FAS) of the Russian Federation decided that 11 hotels infringed Part 1 of Article 11 of the Competition Act. The…


In this paper we study the Dirichlet problem for real-valued second order divergence form elliptic operators with boundary data in H\"{o}lder spaces. Our context is that of open sets $\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^{n+1}$, $n \ge 2$, satisfying the capacity density condition, without any further topological assumptions. Our main result states that if $\Omega$ is either bounded, or unbounded with unbounded boundary, then the corresponding Dirichlet boundary value problem is well-posed; when $\Omega$ is unbounded with bounded boundary, we establish that solutions exist, but they fail to be unique in general. These results are optimal in the sense that solvability of the Dirichlet problem in H\"{o}lder spaces is shown to imply the capacity density condition. As a consequence of the main result, we present a characterization of the H\"{o}lder spaces in terms of the boundary traces of solutions, and obtain well-posedness of several related Dirichlet boundary value problems. All the results above are new even for 1-sided chord-arc domains, and can be extended to generalized H\"{o}lder spaces associated with a natural class of growth functions.


We discuss a nonfactorizable (NF) contribution of a charm loop to the FCNC $B$-decay amplitude given through the three-particle Bethe-Salpeter amplitude (3BS) of the $B$-meson. This 3BS contains one heavy-quark field and two light fields (a light quark and a gluon). Our discussion is aimed at clarifying properties of the $B$-meson 3BS necessary to describe properly charm-loop contributions to the amplitudes of FCNC $B$-decays. We demonstrate that the dominant contribution of nonfactorizable charm to FCNC $B$-decay amplitude is given in the heavy-quark limit by a convolution of some hard kernel and the $B$-meson 3BS in a"double-collinear"light cone (LC) configuration: one of the light degrees of freedom $\phi(x)$, $x^2=0$, lies on the $(+)$-direction of the LC, whereas another light degree of freedom $\phi'(x')$, $x'^2=0$ lies on the $(-)$-direction. We show the emergence of new constraints on the distribution amplitudes which parametrize the 3BS in this double-collinear configuration.


A nonlinear system of equations is derived for drift waves in a high‐beta plasma (β≫1). The magnetic field pressure is taken small compared to the particle pressure. Pressure balance is established by having a uniform particle pressure with the density and temperature gradients in opposite directions. The primary purpose of the magnetic field is to inhibit radial heat flux. This is the principle of such plasma fusion systems as the wall sustained multiple mirror, compressed liner, and magnetic‐insulated inertial fusion, where the heat is contained over a relatively short radial scale length and a long axial scale length. The nonlinear equations for the mathematical model contain drift instabilities that give rise to radial heat and particle fluxes that can enhance the losses expected from classical collisional effects. The linear and nonlinear evolution of the model is studied here.


The paper deals with dynamics of expanding Lorenz maps, which appear in a natural way as Poincarè maps in geometric models of well-known Lorenz attractor. We study connections between periodic points, completely invariant sets and renormalizations. We show that in general, renormalization cannot be fully characterized by a completely invariant set, however there are various situations when such characterization is possible. This way we provide a better insight into the structure of renormalizations in Lorenz maps, correcting some gaps existing in the literature and completing to some extent the description of possible dynamics in this important field of study.


Glare is a common local visual discomfort that is difficult to identify with conventional light sensors. This article presents an artificial intelligence algorithm that detects subjective local glare discomfort from the image analysis of the video footage of an office occupant's face. The occupant's face is directly used as a visual comfort sensor. Results show that it can recognize glare discomfort with around 90% accuracy. This algorithm can thus be at the basis of an efficient feedback control system to regulate shading devices in an office building.


OBJECTIVE An HPLC method was developed for determination of baicalin in Tianma Gouteng granules. METHODS Chromatographic conditions include an ODS column and the mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-water-phosphoric acid (20∶80∶0.1). The detecting wavelength was set at 280 nm.RESULTS The linear range of the standard curve was 0.10-2.0 μg( r =0.9999), and the average recovery was 100.4%. CONCLUSION The method is simple and accurate. It can be used for the determination of baicalin in Tianma Gouteng granules.


Context: Although cholecystectomy is a widely performed procedure, post-operative readmissions place a heavy burden on healthcare facilities. Aims: This study assesses the incidence, causes and burden of 30-day readmissions after cholecystectomy in a tertiary UK centre. Settings and Design: This study was conducted at a university hospital, and the study design involves retrospective cohort study. Materials and Methods: Information was obtained from our prospectively maintained database and hospital's computerised records. Statistical Analysis: The encounters are expressed in numbers and percentages. The hospital stay, body mass index and age are expressed in mean, standard deviation (SD), min-max and median. Microsoft Excel® was used to calculate the means, SD, min-max and median. Results: Out of the 1140 cholecystectomies performed over this time, there were 75 true readmissions and 29 revisits; thus, the actual readmission rate is 6.58%. Non-specific abdominal pain ± deranged liver function test (LFT) is the most common cause of readmissions/ revisits in (38; 36.54%) cases, followed by (18; 17.31%) wound infections and (12; 11.54%) collections/bile leaks/abscess. This cost the centre 93 scans, 30 procedures and 295 days of hospital stay. Conclusions: Non-specific abdominal pain ± deranged LFT is the most common cause of readmissions/revisits in the centre. Readmissions after a cholecystectomy are a significant encumbrance.


Abstract Electricity markets are changing because of (1) the addition of wind and solar generating capacity and (2) the goal of a low-carbon electricity grid. The large-scale addition of wind and solar photovoltaics results in low wholesale electricity prices at times of high wind and solar output and high prices at times of low wind and solar input. Today, gas turbine combined cycle (GTCC) plants burning natural gas or oil provide dispatchable electricity and provide the most economic method to match electricity production with demand. Nuclear Air-Brayton Combined Cycles (NACCs) with heat storage and a thermodynamic topping cycle enable base-load nuclear plants with sodium or salt coolants to provide dispatchable electricity to the grid and heat to industry. This capability maximizes nuclear plant revenue and enables a base-load nuclear reactor with NACCs to be a low-carbon replacement for a GTCC. The NACC power cycle, alternative heat storage technologies, and development status of the different technologies are described. The technology applies to other heat generating technologies including high-temperature concentrated solar power and future fusion systems.


BACKGROUND: Reducing and preventing stunting is currently a priority for health programs in Indonesia. As providers of midwifery care, midwives have a strategic position to play a role in accelerating stunting reduction. The provision of continuity of midwifery care is expected to be able to prevent stunting in infants.

AIM: This study aims to determine the effectiveness of providing continuity of midwifery care for the incidence of stunting.

METHODS: The study design was a cohort from the third trimester of gestation until the baby reached 6 months of age, with the population were all third-trimester pregnant women in the working area of Mapane Health Center. The number of samples was 32 as case and 32 as control. The research variables were the characteristics of the respondents, early initiation of breastfeeding, chronic energy deficiency, hypertension, place of birth, and the incidence of stunting. The hypothesis test was used as Chi-square. Data analysis used the WHO Anthro and STATA applications.

RESULTS: The proportion of children who were stunted at the age of 6 months was 15.6%, where the proportion of children who experienced stunting at 6 months of age in the control group was 28.1%, while in the intervention group it was only 3.1%. Providing effective midwifery care to prevent stunting in children showed that maternal age (p = 0.017) and exclusive breastfeeding (p = 0.009) were associated with the incidence of stunting.

CONCLUSION: Exclusive breastfeeding can prevent the occurrence of stunting in children.


Preliminary activity: make sure that you have access to graph-drawing facilities on a computer or graphic calculator, and that you can use these facilities with confidence. Preliminary reading: Leavitt ch. 1. Concurrent reading: Swann and Johnson, Hart, Reade, Smith, Spivak chs 4, 5, 6. Further reading: Mason. Before coming to university you will have worked with polynomials, trigonometric, logarithmic and exponential functions. Now we explore properties shared by all of these functions: continuity, differentiability and integrability. Functions When you read or hear the phrase 'the function f ( x )', what comes to your mind? Perhaps a formula, perhaps a graph. 1 Write down what x can stand for, and what is meant by f , in the expression f ( x ). Compare your answer with the one in the summary at the end of this section. We will introduce some special vocabulary in order to be clear what we mean when talking about functions. The domain of a function If f ( x ) = x 2 and the values of x are 0, ±1, ±2, ±3, …, ± n , …, then the values of f ( x ) are 0, 1, 4, 9, …, n 2 , …. The set of possible values of x is called the domain of the function. When we say that x is a variable , we mean that the symbol x is being used to denote any member of the domain of a function. When the possible values of x are real numbers, the function is called a function of a real variable . The range and co-domain of a function The set of possible values of f ( x ) is called the range of the function, and any set which contains the range may be declared to be the co - domain of the function. We have just given a function with domain ℤ and range ℕ ∪ {0}, which we express symbolically by writing f : ℤ → ℕ ∪ {0}, with the definition f ( x ) = x 2 (or f : x → x 2 ).


In the theory of partial differential equations, Poincaré inequality has always played an important role. In recent years, the study of various nonlocal analogues of Poincaré inequality has seen a steep surge. For the particular case p = 2, Chowdhury-Csató-Roy-Sk [CCRS19] have found the best constants for fractional Poincaré inequalities in certain unbounded domains. In this article, we shall investigate, for any 1 < p < ∞, the best constants for fractional Poincaré and regional fractional Poincaré inequalities in cylindrical unbounded domains. For any open set Ω ⊆ R, 0 < s < 1, 1 ≤ p <∞, we define the fractional Sobolev space W (Ω) := {u ∈ L(Ω) : [u]s,p,Ω <∞} ,


The utility model discloses a dual-effect steam recirculation thermal mass recovery system, which has the advantages of energy saving, environment protection and stable operation, and is used for recovery utilization of liquid-state or solid-liquid mixed materials. The dual-effect steam recirculation thermal mass recovery system comprises a material supply pump, a primary effect evaporator, a primary effect compressor, a tail effect evaporator, a tail effect compressor, a prior effect pre-heater, an escape gas pre-heater, a tail effect pre-heater and a water discharge pump, wherein the material supply pump, the cold side of the primary effect pre-heater, the cold side of the escape gas pre-heater and a material supply opening of the primary effect evaporator are connected, a material outlet of the primary effect evaporator, the cold side of the tail effect pre-heater and a material supply opening of the tail effect evaporator are connected, a steam outlet of the primary effect evaporator, the primary effect compressor and a steam inlet of the primary effect evaporator are connected, a steam outlet of the tail effect evaporator, the tail effect compressor and a steam inlet of the tail effect evaporator are connected, a material outlet of the tail effect evaporator is connected with a finished material outlet pipe, a condensing water outlet of the tail effect evaporator and the hot side of the tail effect pre-heater are connected and are connected with the hot side of the primary pre-heater and the water discharge pump after being merged with a condensing water outlet of the primary effect evaporator, and an escape gas outlet of the primary effect evaporator and the hot side of the escape gas pre-heater are connected.


"We lived in the gaps between the stories" is a quote from Margaret Atwood's The Handmaid's Tale and acts as a source of inspiration for this composition. The quote in context is: "We were the people who were not in the papers. We lived in the blank white spaces at the edges of print. It gave us more freedom. We lived in the gaps between the stories." This piece, composed in 2016, focuses on the "gaps between" traditional accordion sounds, in other words, the sounds between performance techniques and pitches such as noise sounds, breath sounds, glissandi, and so on. It also values the "gaps between" the notation (the blank spaces) as much as the notation itself: the unpredictable instability of sounds during these moments should be relished. The "stories" are represented by the visible symbols of the notation and normative instrumental techniques, both of which are required to highlight a "between" in the fi rst place.


Objective: The main objective of the present work was to synthesize a new Schiff base ligand 5-chloro-N'-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)-3-phenyl-1 H -indole-2-carbohydrazide and its Cu (II), Co (II), Ni (II) and Zn (II) complexes and study their biological activity. Methods: The compounds are characterized by elemental analysis and various physicochemical techniques like IR, 1 H NMR, ESI-mass, UV-Visible, TGA analyzes and molar conductance data. All the compounds were screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activity by MIC method. Further, antioxidant activity was performed by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) and DNA cleavage activity by Agarose Gel Electrophoresis (AGE) method. Results: Spectral investigations suggested octahedral coordination geometrical arrangement for all the metal (II) complexes, having 1:2 stoichiometric ratio of the type [M(L) 2 ]. The antimicrobial activity results revealed that the metal complexes were found to be more active than the free ligand. Furthermore, the DNA cleavage activity of the compounds on plasmid DNA pBR322 molecule showed moderate activity. Conclusion: The newly synthesized ligand acts as ONO donor tridentate chelate and coordinated through an oxygen atom of carbonyl function, azomethine nitrogen and phenolic oxygen atom to the Cu, Co, Ni and Zn metal ions and form octahedral geometrical arrangement. All the complexes are found to be non-electrolytic in nature. Further, all the newly prepared compounds showed moderate biological activity. Keywords: Indole, o -Vanillin, Transition metal complexes, Powder XRD, ESR, DNA cleavage Antimicrobial, Antioxidant


In versatile video coding (VVC), superior coding performance is achieved with incorporating many advanced coding tools. In this paper, a frame-level coding distortion model is proposed for VVC video coders for the first time. In comparison with the transform coefficient distribution (TCD) of High Effective Video Coding (HEVC), the TCD of VVC has a sharper peak. According to this observation, the TCDs of I, B and P frames are modeled by the probability density function (PDF) of generalized Gaussian distribution (GGD) with three fixed shape parameters. The GGD-based distortion model is then derived with a sliding window-based strategy, i.e., the frame-level coding distortion is formulated as the function of the distribution parameter of frame-level TCD and the quantization step. The experimental results show that the proposed model achieves accurate results of distortion estimation for VVC coders.


With the development of nano science and technol- ogy,nanotribology has been a fundamental technology involved in super precise machine and micro electromechanical systems, which focus on the atom/molecule-scale friction,lubrication and wear properties of tribological interfaces.Since early 1990s, Chinese tribologists have devoted themselves into this field and made remarkable achievements.The main research progress on nanotribology from the State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University is summarized,including thin film lubrica- tion,confined liquid properties,ordered molecular film lubrica- tion,interface friction and stick-slip phenomena,magnetic head/disk nanotribology and the development of experimental instruments,etc.To serve as a valuable reference for future study is expected in nanotribology.


little added benefit to a traditional paper based system because lost paper records or those simply not entered into a database represent a significant shortcoming in the system. A selfupdating automatic recall system was also described but it relied on having staff scan the stent into a registry with manual followup required for stents not captured by scanning. The most vital component of any stent tracking system is the ability to account for all stents placed and this objective was met in our study. A notable benefit of our tracking method was ease of data access. The spreadsheet could be viewed and edited by any urologist or support staff from any computer in the hospital. Editing ability was allowed by only 1 user at a time. This provided a real-time accurate method of viewing that was easily accessible to all pertinent personnel. A distinct advantage was that data were not stored by a method, ie a logbook, that was accessible only at 1 location. This network drive storage method is secure and represents a significant advantage compared to older, paper based methods or those relying on a single computer at 1 location. Staff at our medical center urology department performed no formal stent tracking before this study. Therefore, a prestudy institutional rate of lost or forgotten stents was unavailable for comparison. The initiative to perform the study was based on an observed need to improve stent tracking and accountability as well as patients with retained or lost stents who were referred to our center. Study limitations include manual data entry and weekly review by the service chief. Ideally a self-updating system to alert the surgeon of any stents overdue for removal would be implemented, saving a small but significant amount of time. Sancaktutar et al from Turkey used SMS to remind urologists and patients about stents approaching the deadline date of removal. The SMS group showed a significantly improved rate of timely stent removal compared to the rate in the group followed by conventional paper methods. This text messaging method appears to hold promise to improve stent tracking and removal but it is limited by privacy concerns. Also, some patients do not have access to text messaging. Regarding the application of a similar SMS service in the United States, laws are currently vague in the area of exchange of personal health information over text message systems. HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act), which affects the flow of most health information in the United States, represents a challenge for American physicians to implement such a system.


This paper analyzes the dynamics of the commonly used indices for Adjustable Rate Mortgages, and systematically compares the effects of their time series properties on adjustable rate mortgage prepayment and value. Our ARM valuation methodology allows us simultaneously to capture the effects of the dynamics of the index, discrete coupon adjustment, and caps and floors. It allows us either to calculate an optimal prepayment strategy for mortgage holders, or to use an empirical prepayment function. We find that the dynamics of the ARM indices, including both their average levels and their speeds of adjustment to interest rate shocks, introduce significant variation in the value of the prepayment option across ARMs. Valuation methodologies that ignore the time series properties of the index with respect to current rates will therefore systematically misprice adjustable rate mortgages.


Abstract : Brief description of research findings for the period 1 April 1976 to 30 June 1982: The results refer to a number of topics in the construction of tests or estimates with applications to selection procedures for studies, weather modification, tests of fit for logistic models competing risks, identifiability in Markov processes. A list of papers published and a list of Ph.D. granted are appended. (Author)


Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination is a well-known, safe and effective way for protection against HBV infection; however, non-responders remain susceptible to infection with HBV. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the HB vaccination on HB infection in dentistry students in Kermanshah, Iran. In a cross-sectional study, 61 dental students of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran, referred to this study. The HBsAb test was done with ELISA method and IEMA well-RADIM kit (made in Belgium). The sensitivity of kit was 99% and specificity was 99.8%. Antibody titer≥10 IU/L was as HBsAb-positive. The age range of students was 18-30 years. Out of 61 students, 56 students (91.8%) were HBsAb positivity that 38 students (62.3%) were men. There was just a significant correlation between the duration of injection of vaccination and HBsAb status. In conclusion, for better response to HBsAb, the observance of duration of vaccination is a more important factor compared with age, sex or time after the third injection.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to warn managers of the common missteps that can trip up strategy making and suggest how such pitfalls can be avoided.Design/methodology/approach – Based on their experience and research, the authors identify seven key mistakes and describe the best practices that companies can follow.Findings – The article offers a sophisticated how‐to process managers can use to seek a basis for advantage, say "no" to trying to do everything, focus on long‐term‐value creation, factor in competitor reactions, balance ambitious bets with caution, understand the organization's capabilities, and link vision to execution.Practical implications – By avoiding these seven basic missteps managers can stay on the path to strategic success.Originality/value – The authors highlight the best practices for making more effective strategic choices in an easy‐to‐remember and easy‐to‐teach format.


The amounts of toxic metals (Pb, Hg and Cd) in tissues of Stereoderma kirschbergi in the Sinop coasts of the south of the Black Sea were measured for the first time. Toxic metal analyses were made by the Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer. The general tendency in all metal concentrations in both sediment and sea cucumber samples were Pb>Hg>Cd. The results demonstrated that the toxic metal concentrations in sediments were higher than organisms. Pb values in the sediment and sea cucumber were higher than Hg and Cd. The bio-sediment accumulation factors for Cd, Hg and Pb were lower than 1. S. kirschbergi is considered as a de-concentrator.


In this venture as we probably am aware vehicle movement clog and observing has turned out to be one of the basic issues in street transport. This paper depicts a technique to take care of the issue of intangibility of activity flag created by colossal vehicles. in this paper we propose another setting-aware way to deal with locate the present status and thickness of movement and dyanamic administration of movement flags alongside the ecological conditions. To facilate this, our propose engineering of Vehicle Traffic Congestion Control and Monitoring System in IoT would perform well. Normally, this design is partitioned into two noteworthy modules i.e equipment module(microcontroller, camera, USB to serial converter, contamination sensor, temperature sensor, wifi module and so forth) and programming module (server, Android applications, MPLAB, proteus, and so on). The camera which is utilized for numbering the no of vehicle goes through specific way amid the predefined length. It likewise decide organize blockage and henceforth the green light length for that street.


It analyses the types and mechanism of urban floor crack,discusses the damage of floor crack to cities,puts forward the strategies to prevent urban floor crack accidents,and emphasizes the importance of the direction changing law of crack stretching,so as to offer basis for the urban underground project going through the floor cracks.


Objective:To evaluate effectiveness and reliability of minimally invasive trepanation and drainage.Methods:The chinicel data of 89 patients with minimally invasive trepanation and drainage and 42 patients with small bone window craniotomy in our hospital were reviewed retropectively.Results:No statistical difference in the rate of death rate and quality of life in near futrue were found between the two groups,minimally invasive trepanation and drainage group had an obvious advantage in operation time,complication and extubation time,but small bone window craniotomy group had the predominance in the rate of clerance degree of hematoma.Conclusion:The operation of minimally invasive trepanation and drainage is an effective and safty modus operandi in small quantity of hematoma.


The broad goal of the 1997 State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) was to ensure that all poor children have health insurance. This goal has met with mixed success. The rate of poor children in the United States who were uninsured decreased from 23 percent in 1996 to 19 percent in 2002, but over 6 million children who were uninsured in 2002 were eligible for public insurance (Kaiser Commission on Medicaid Facts 2005). Thus, while SCHIP has benefited many children, its reach should be much broader. The problem of low-income children being uninsured is perplexing because most children begin life with health insurance, owing largely to the expansions of Medicaid for pregnant women and their offspring in the 1980s and 1990s (Amy Davidoff et al. 2003), and they should be able to maintain coverage under either SCHIP or Medicaid. In particular, young children who were born after the enactment of SCHIP should have uninterrupted coverage. A number of individual characteristics and programmatic features associated with public insurance coverage among eligible poor children have been identified in past research. No study, however, has examined both the effects of the health of adult family members and the health of the child, each of which has been associated with mothers' labor supply and public Why Do Poor Children Lose Health Insurance in the SCHIP Era? The Role of Family Health


We derive two new identities involving the Bernoulli numbers, the Euler numbers, and the Stirling numbers of the first kind using analytic continuation of a well known identity for the Stirling numbers of the first kind.


Women's disadvantages in labor market outcomes are often attributed to the preponderance of male dominated networks in the workplace. This suggests that the presence of more women in positions of power would ameliorate gender differences in wages by providing women with the connections they need to succeed. However, there is little work evaluating these ideas, and the work that does so is unable to match individual workers to those in positions of power over them. This study considers these questions using a survey of several thousand small businesses, and examines how gender differences vary among establishments with male and female owners. We find no systematic differences between men and women owners in terms of gender wage inequality among their employees. Penner and Toro-Tulla Owner Gender and Gender Wage Inequality 2 The fungibility of social capital and the economic consequences of relationships are of great interest both in and outside of the academy. The adage "It's not just what you know, it's who you know" has been explored by studies examining the roles of personal networks in getting and keeping jobs (Fernandez and Fernandez-Mateo 2006; Mouw 2003; Neckerman and Fernandez 2003; Petersen and Sapporta 2004), the roles of professional networks in getting promoted (Forret and Dougherty 2004; Allen et al. 2004), and the role of these networks in creating and maintaining inequality (Fernandez and Sosa 2005; Ostroff and Atwater 2003). This literature can be divided into two approaches. The first, and more common, looks at how individuals employ their social capital to achieve economic gains. These studies include, for example, Granovetter's (1995) analysis of job searchers and Scandura's (1992) analysis of mentoring and career outcomes. Similarly, while less concerned with actors' intentionality, studies such as Petersen, Saporta, and Seidel (2000) and Younkin (2006) explore how differences in social networks impact the economic wellbeing of individuals and companies. The second, and less common approach to the economic impacts of relationships looks at how individuals employ social capital to benefit others economically, or even allow themselves to be deployed as social capital. This work is typified by the work of Cohen and Huffman (2006) and Smith (2006). Our study follows in this second vein of research by looking at how female ownership of small businesses impacts gender wage inequality among employees. This question is important not only because little is known about the impact of small business owners on gender inequality, but also because it ties into two broader questions. First, it addresses a growing empirical literature concerned with the effect of female managers and supervisors on gender inequality. Previous work suggests that because of homophily, having a manager who is the same gender is a form of Penner and Toro-Tulla Owner Gender and Gender Wage Inequality 3 social capital that produces economic advantages for employees (e.g. Hultin and Szulkin 1999). While there are reasons to think that female managers, supervisors, and owners reduce gender inequality, there is as yet little research confirming this. Second, in looking at owners we gain insight into if and when people in positions of power act benevolently towards their subordinates. We briefly address each of these literatures in turn. Female Managers and Gender Equality. As women have increasingly moved into positions of management over the last several decades, a growing literature has emerged around the consequences of this for gender inequality in wages. Female managers should impact gender differences in wages in two ways. First, as much of the gender difference in wages stems from occupational sorting (Petersen and Morgan 1995), simply the existence of more women in managerial occupations should mitigate the gender wage gap. Second, female managers are argued to be less likely to engage in gender discrimination, leading to greater gender equality for workers under them (Cotter et al. 1997). Neither of these points, however, is entirely straightforward. While the mere presence of women within managerial jobs should lower gender differences in wages, gender segregation in managerial jobs renders this assumption slightly problematic. Jacobs (1992), for example, shows that while the increase of managers over time has been accompanied by a decrease in the wage gap among managers, female managers still earn less and have less authority than their male counterparts. Furthermore, a voluminous literature on the "glass ceiling" is concerned with the fact that while women might be managers, they are underrepresented in the top level management positions (Morrison and Von Glinow 1990; Penner and Toro-Tulla Owner Gender and Gender Wage Inequality 4 Wright, Baxter and Birkelund 1995). Finally, even among top level executives, women earn considerably less than men (Bertrand and Hallock 2001). In spite of these caveats, given that managerial jobs on average do have higher pay than non-managerial jobs, the movement of women into these occupations should lower the gender wage gap. The effect of female managers on the level of gender inequality for workers under them has not received as much attention, and the evidence that does exist is somewhat mixed. Rothstein (1997) uses NLSY data to examine the effect of supervisor's gender on wages for workers aged 17-25. She finds that working for a female supervisor lowers the current earnings of both male and female employees, but that this effect is larger for men. Interestingly, Rothstein also shows that having a female manager is also related to higher wage growth for both men and women, though more so for men than women. Ferber and Green (1991), by contrast, find that working under a female supervisor lowers women's wages more than men's. They suggest that this is because women's work is devalued more when it is done for a woman supervisor. It is thus unclear whether working under a female supervisor ultimately reduces gender inequality. Other studies using ecological data suggest that female managers lower the gender wage gap. Cohen and Huffman (2006) use Census data on local labor markets to show that labor markets with a higher percentage of women managers in upper level managerial positions have lower levels of gender inequality among non-managers. Hultin and Szulkin (1999, 2003) use matched employer-employee data to show that gender gaps are wider in firms with more male managers. 1 It is interesting that many of the differences between male and female managers are attributed to the same relational and networking concerns that women in management are supposed to help address. Penner and Toro-Tulla Owner Gender and Gender Wage Inequality 5 While neither of these studies link individual employees to their mangers, both provide compelling evidence that having women in managerial positions mitigates gender wage inequality. Closely related to the literature on managers is the literature that looks at the effects of professional mentors. While the conventional wisdom states that male mentors help men get ahead, the results are considerably more convoluted. For example, while Kirchmeyer (1998) finds that among a sample of MBA's mentoring positively affects men's earnings but not women's, Laband and Lentz (1995) find that for lawyers protégé status is more beneficial for women than for men, and Johnson and Scandua (1994) find that mentoring has little effect on the wages of either male or female CPA's. Ragins and Cotton (1999) find that among engineers, journalists, and social workers the effects of mentoring vary according to the gender of the protégé and the mentor such that men with a history of male mentors have the highest earnings and women with a history of male mentors have the highest promotion rates, but the implications of these findings for gender inequality are unclear. Thus, although there is great interest in the effects of being mentored on career trajectories, most of the research focuses on cases with limited generalizability and thus provides little consensus on the general effect of these kinds of


Summary Suppression of the skin reactivity to toxoplasmin by simultaneous injection of larger amounts of the antigen in the same sensitized guinea pigs was demonstrated by fewer animals reacting to the lesser amount of toxoplasmin and a decrease in the mean skin reaction as compared with the reaction when the toxoplasmin was injected alone.


Human skin provides a partially effective barrier against potentially toxic chemicals. Much of this barrier protection can be attributed to the stratum corneum (SC), the uppermost and nonviable layer of the epidermis because the rate-limiting step for the penetration of most substances is diffusion through the SC.


Objective: to evaluate the pulmonary function of patients with coronary arterial disease (CAD) before and after exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation program with emphasis on aerobic physical training. Methods: 19 men with CAD, divided in trained group TG (n=10) and control group CG (n=9) were studied. Forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) were carried out at 2 points for both groups: at the beginning and finale of the experimental protocol to evaluate and to compare the CG and TG. The CG participated in the evaluations only and is not subjected to any intervention, and the TG was submitted to 48 supervised aerobic physical training sessions to verify the effects of physical training on pulmonary function. Results: At the beginning of the study all the patients showed low values for FVC and FEV1 in relation to what was expected (CG: 72.2 ± 9.1% and 72.4 ± 16.3%, respectively; TG: 77.5 ± 12.1% and 75.2 ± 13.6%, respectively). After the training period, the CG values did not show any significant changes in comparison to the pre-training conditions for FVC (76.1 ± 11.5%) and FEV1 (75.4 ± 17.2%). In the TG there was a significant increase in both FVC (86.1 ± 12.1%) and FEV1 (86.0 ± 15.3%). Conclusion: There was a significant increase in FVC and FEV1 values in the TG patients after four months of participation in exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation program, and this fact suggests beneficial effects of aerobic exercise on the pulmonary function of patients with CAD.


Singularity problem exists in various branches of applied mathematics. Such ordinary differential equations accompany singular coefficients. In this paper, by using the properties of reproducing kernel, the exact solution expressions of dual singular problem are given in the reproducing kernel space and studied, also for a class of singular problem. For the binary equation of singular points, I put it into the singular problem first, and then reuse some excellent properties which are applied to solve the method of solving differential equations for its exact solution expression of binary singular integral equation in reproducing kernel space, and then obtain its approximate solution through the evaluation of exact solutions. Numerical examples will show the effectiveness of this method.


A. Discussion Items: 1. Update on Flood Control Reservoir Releases – Ron Baldwin, Barry O'Regan and Steve Winkler 2. Discussion on Water Resource Projects, Program Development, Planning and Other Activities – Mel Lytle 3. Discussion on Delta Task Force, Delta Counties Coalition, Delta Protection Commission and Bay Delta Conservation Plan and Other Activities – Tom Gau, Mel Lytle and Terry Dermody 4. Discussion on SJAFCA, Flood Protection, FEMA and Other Activities – John Maguire, Barry O'Regan, and Roger Churchwell Public Comments Adjournment


ABSTRACTTo evaluate the local recurrence rate in women treated with conservative surgery followed by breast irradiation. Methodology: Retrospectively selected female patients between 20 and 80 years old, who performed chemotherapy and or/radiotherapy as adjuvant treatment for breast-sparing surgery (quadrantectomy) for initial clinical stages until IIa. Result: Of the 58 patients selected 31 women were subjected to chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy, 25 women were subjected to exclusive radiotherapy, 1 women subjected to exclusive chemotherapy and 1 women subjected to radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy. The recurrence rate independent of the therapeutic modality used was 12.06%. 71.4% of relapses were at a distance and 28.6% local. Two women presented a local relapse. The local recurrence rate independent of the therapeutic modality used was 3.4%. 1 women subjected to exclusive radiotherapy presented local recurrence. 1 women subjected to radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy presented local recurrence.  The local recurrence rate for patients subjected to exclusive radiotherapy was 4%.  No women subjected to chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy presented local recurrence. Discussion: The patient who presented recurrence has a death risk 7.93 (IC95% 1,98-31,75; p = 0.003) times greater than the patient who did not present. The global survival in 5 years for patients subjected to isolated radiotherapy versus chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy was 96% x 90.3% (p = ns).


OBJECTIVE
To determine the length of time following mating that fertile eggs can be laid by an ostrich (Struthio camelus).

DESIGN
A clinical reproductive problem in a pair of breeding ostriches provided the opportunity to mate the birds at intervals of 5 to 8 days and assess the fertility of the eggs laid.

PROCEDURE
Following prolapse of the phallus of the male ostrich during the breeding season, the pair were immediately separated. The hen was reintroduced to the cock at intervals of 5 to 8 days over a 6 week period for supervised mating. Records were kept of dates of mating and laying, number of eggs laid, egg weights, and fertility determined by candling after 2 weeks incubation.

RESULTS
Over the 6 week period, 10 eggs were laid, of which 8 were fertile and 2 infertile. Fertile eggs weighed 1020 to 1285 g (mean 1143). The two infertile eggs weighed 1160 and 925 g. Six fertile eggs were laid 2 to 7 days after mating. The remaining two fertile eggs were laid the same days that mating occurred, suggesting that fertilization resulted from the last matings 5 and 8 days previously, or from earlier matings.

CONCLUSION
Sperm storage occurs in ostrich hens and fertile eggs can be laid for at least 5 to 8 days after copulation. Further studies are required to demonstrate the maximum period during which stored sperm are capable of successful fertilization.


Within the workplace, promoting positive feelings in regard to work well-being and work passion has become essential to an increase in health, motivation, and consequently to an increase in productivity. This study aims to assess cultural values, cultural intelligence and multicultural personality as predictors of work well-being and work passion. Based on a sample of 240 workers aged 20 to 64 years (M = 36.78, SD = 10.22), multiple linear regression was carried out. The results of the multiple linear regression analysis show that the dimensions of power distance and uncertainty avoidance have a negative influence on work well-being and work passion, whereas emotional stability is the dimension with the highest predictive value for both constructs. On the other hand, cultural intelligence has no significant predictor effect. As organisations must invest in enhancing work well-being and work passion, the identification of their predictors is of the utmost importance.


Proteins can be phosphorylated at neighboring sites resulting in different functional states, and studying the regulation of these sites has been challenging. Here we present Thesaurus, a search engine that detects new positional isomers using site-specific fragment ions from parallel reaction monitoring and data independent acquisition mass spectrometry experiments. We apply Thesaurus to analyze phosphorylation events in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and show neighboring sites with distinct quantitative profiles, indicating regulation by different kinases.


Importance
An estimated 1% to 2.5% of pregnant women in the United States are infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV), which carries approximately a 6% risk of mother-to-infant transmission.

Objectives
The aims of this article are to review the current evidence on HCV in pregnancy and to provide updated recommendations for management.

Evidence Acquisition
Original research articles, review articles, and guidelines on HCV in general and specifically in pregnancy were reviewed, as were drug safety profiles from the Food and Drug Administration.

Results
Pregnancy appears to have a beneficial effect on the course of maternal chronic HCV infection. However, it is associated with an increased risk of adverse fetal outcomes, including fetal growth restriction and low birth weight, and can be transmitted to the infant in utero or during the peripartum period. No perinatal intervention has been shown to reduce the risk of vertical transmission, but some may increase this risk. To date, no treatment regimens for HCV have been approved for use in pregnancy, but the new ribavirin-free, direct-acting antiviral regimens are being used with high efficacy outside pregnancy.

Conclusions and Relevance
Hepatitis C virus infection in pregnancy generally does not adversely affect maternal well-being but is associated with adverse effects on the fetus because of pregnancy complications and vertical transmission. There are currently no approved treatment regimens for HCV in pregnancy; this should be an active area of research in obstetrics.


This text offers advice andtips volunteered by expert spindle turning craftsmen, and also demonstrates how to achieve the look of turned wood without a lathe."


I was on a third-year placement in an obstetric theatre when a female patient was rushed in for emergency surgery. She had spontaneously delivered her baby at 25 weeks and needed treatment for a retained placenta.


The characteristics of the Rayleigh surface wave are investigated indirectly by measuring the angular dependency of the backward radiation of the incident ultrasonic wave in the scuffing specimens, and then compared to the residual stress distribution. The peak intensity of the backward radiation profile decreases and the right half width of the profile increases as the increase in the variation of residual stress distribution for the scuffing specimen. The peak intensity and angle depend on the amount of residual stress as well as the inhomogeneity in microstructure that causes scattering during the propagation of the surface waves. The result observed in this study demonstrates high potential of the backward radiated ultrasound as a tool for nondestructive evaluation of the subsurface gradients of materials.


We investigate the spin and charge susceptibilities of the two-dimensional Hubbard model based upon the perturbative calculation in the strength of correlation $U$. For $U$ comparable to a bare bandwidth, the charge susceptibility decreases near the half-filling as hole-doping approaches zero. This behavior suggesting the precursor of the Mott-Hubbard gap formation cannot be obtained without the vertex corrections beyond the random phase approximation. In the low-temperature region, the spin susceptibility deviates from the Curie-Weiss-like law and finally turns to decrease with the decrease of temperature. This spin-gap-like behavior is originating from the van Hove singularity in the density of states.


Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) increases specificity of identification of basal cell carcinoma (BCC). A smaller‐diameter handheld RCM (HH‐RCM) allows better access to limited anatomic locations.


We investigate the behavior of the light pulse in {Lambda}-type cold-atom gases with two counter-propagating control lights with equal strength by directly simulating the dynamic equations and exploring the dispersion relation. Our analysis shows that, depending on the length L{sub 0} of the stored wave packet and the decay rate {gamma} of ground-spin coherence, the recreated light can behave differently. For long L{sub 0} and/or large {gamma}, a stationary light pulse is produced, while two propagating light pulses appear for short L{sub 0} and/or small {gamma}. In the {gamma}{yields}0 limit, the light always splits into two propagating pulses for a sufficiently long time. This scenario agrees with a recent experiment [Y.-W. Lin et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 213601 (2009)] where two propagating light pulses are generated in laser-cooled cold-atom ensembles.


Objective To construct recombinant adenovirus Ad/MDC-VP1 and investigate its im-muno-boosting effect of the mice primed with the experimental DNA vaccine against Coxsackievirus infection. Methods The recombinant adenovirus Ad/MDC-VP1 was constructed and packaged. The Western blot analysis was used to verify the target protein. BALB/c mice were divided into four groups: Ad/MDC-VP1 group, pcDNA3/MDC-VP1 group, pcDNA3/MDC-VP1 prime-Ad/MDC-VP1 boost group and PBS group. The mice in each group were immunized intramuscularly. The titers of serum IgG and neutralizing antibody were tested by ELISA and trace neutralization assay, respectively. The lymphocytes proliferation activity and specific CTL cytotoxic activity were tested by CCK-8 assay. The mice in each group were challenged with le-thal dose of Coxsackievirus, and the assay of the serum virus titers and the observation of protection efficacy against Coxsackievirus infection were carried out. Results The recombinant adenovirus Ad/MDC-VP1 was successfully constructed and the target protein was expressed. It was observed that the titers of CVB3 VP1 specific antibody, lymphocyte stimulation index, CTL cytotoxicity activities and protection rate of the pcDNA3/MDC-VP1 prime-Ad/MDC-VP1 boost group were much higher than those of the rest groups( P < 0.05), and the titer of serum virus was lower after CVB3 challenged ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion Both the cellular and humoral immune responses in mice could been significantly enhanced by the pcDNA3/MDC-VP1 prime-Ad/MDC-VP1 boost strategy.

Key words:
Coxsackievirus B3;  Adenovirus vector vaccine;  DNA vaccine;  Prime-boost immuni-zation strategy


ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to investigate communication mindset changes across one semester of the introductory communication course and differences across students' demographic backgrounds. The study measured the communication mindset and other instructional constructs of 1299 undergraduate students during the first two and last two weeks of the semester. Results showed no change in communication mindset after one semester of the basic course, although public speaking anxiety was reduced, and self-efficacy and interpersonal communication competence increased. Further, results showed between-group differences in public speaking anxiety by gender, as well as differences in mindset and interpersonal communication competence between students of different racial/ethnic backgrounds and different language status. Implications for future research are discussed.


: Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease with a high risk of transmission. One of the determinants of successful management of tuberculosis treatment is patient adherence to therapy. Adherent patients completing treatment is regular and complete treatment without interruption for at least six months to 9 months. Based on Report South Kalimantan Provincial Health Office in 2017 discovered 6,656 cases / 10 177 suspected. Judging from the data that the city of Banjarmasin is the highest town invention pulmonary TB incidence rates as much as 2,238 cases. Judging from the data on the number of pulmonary TB patients per health centre in Banjarmasin showed that Puskesmas Pekauman occupies the highest case detection rate of pulmonary TB incidence by 2018 as many as 94 people with relapsing patients were three people and as many as seven people edited. Therefore, Pekauman Health Center is selected as research sites. This study aims to clarify the relationship between age, sex, education, medication side effects, knowledge, and attitude of health personnel with compliance to anti-tuberculosis drugs. This research is an observational analytic with a cross-sectional design using a purposive sampling technique. The population in this study were 45 patients and a sample of 30 patients. The instrument used was a questionnaire. Bivariate data analysis with fisher exact test because it does not meet the Chi-Square test is a normal distribution of data, frequency expectation value <5 and more than 20%. Based on the results of the research knowledge variable (p-value = 0.019) was associated with compliance with anti-tuberculosis drugs. However, the sex variable (p-value = 1. 000) was not associated with compliance with anti-tuberculosis drugs. The number of samples is still small, and the number of research variables is limited.


Slovak Journal of Animal Science (SJAS) is an international peer-reviewed scientific journal edited by National Agricultural and Food Centre (NPPC) – Research Institute for Animal Production Nitra, Slovakia and published by the SciCell publishing house. Over 55 years of activity, SJAS journal publishes original scientific papers, critical reviews and short communications covering all areas of animal biotechnology, genetics and breeding, physiology, reproduction, nutrition and feeds, quality of animal products, sustainable management, ethology and economics of cattle, horse, pig, sheep, goat, poultry, rabbit, bee, fish, and other farm animals. Papers are published in English.


THIS REPORT ON the impact of selected federally funded programs for education for librarianship up to December 1974 will focus primarily on the origins of National Defense Education Act (NDEA) and Higher Education Act (HEA) Title 11-B programs and will attempt to indicate the contributions such programs have made to professional education for librarianship in the United States. The definitive report on the impact of such programs will have to await access to data from the appropriate government agencies, from program participants, program directors, members of advisory panels, and from internal and external evaluators. Only then will it be possible to assess accurately the long-range impact of federally funded programs on individual grantee programs and on education for librarianship generally. This report deals with: (I) the school library institutes funded under NDEA Title XI, (2) the programs funded under HEA Title 11-B, (3) the Medical Library Assistance Act training programs, and (4) very briefly, several other federally funded programs which have included opportunities for the support of library education programs. BACKGROUND


This study examined correlates of workaholism in a sample of 171 Norwegian construction company owners and senior managers. Data were collected using self-report questionnaires. Workaholism types identified by Spence and Robbins (1992) were compared using one way ANOVA. Dependent variables included measures of work conflict, work support, Type A behaviors and psychological burnout components. Work Addicts indicated more emotional exhaustion than other workaholism types, Enthusiastic Addicts reported more Achievement striving. Contrary to expectations, there were no differences among workaholism types on measures of work conflict or support. The role of cultural and occupational differences in research on workaholism is explored. Although the popular press has paid considerable attention to workaholism (Fassel, 1990; Garfield, 1987; Kiechel, 1989 a, b; Killinger, 1991; Klaft & Kleiner, 1988; Machlowitz, 1980; Waddell, 1993) very little research has been undertaken to further our understanding of it. Most writing has been anecdotal and clinical (Fassel, 1990; Killinger, 1991; Oates, 1971; Schaef & Fassel; 1988). The vast majority of workaholics were assumed to be men. Basic questions of definition have not been addressed and measurement concerns have been avoided (Scott, Moore & Miceli, 1997). It should come as no surprise then that opinions, observations, and conclusions about workaholism are both varied and conflicting. Some writers view workaholism positively from an organizational perspective (Kom, Pratt & Lambrou, 1987; Machlowitz, 1980; Sprankle & Ebel, 1987). Machlowitz (1980) conducted a qualitative interview study of 100 workaholics and found them to be very satisfied and productive. Others view workaholism negatively (Killinger, 1991; Schaef & Fassel, 1988; Oates, 1971). These writers equate workaholism with other addictions, and depict workaholics as unhappy, obsessive, tragic figures who are not performing their jobs well and are creating difficulties for their co-workers (Naughton, 1987; Oates, 1971; Porter, 1996). The former would advocate the encouragement of workaholism; the latter would discourage it. Some researchers have proposed the existence of different types of workaholic behavior patterns, each having potentially different antecedents and associations with job performance, work and life outcomes (Naughton, 1987; Scott, Moore & Miceli, 1997; Spence & Robbins, 1992). Naughton (1987) presents a typology of workaholism based on dimensions of career commitment and obsession-compulsion, identifying four types of workaholics. Scott, Moore and Miceli (1997) propose three types of workaholic behavior patterns: compulsive-dependent, perfectionist and achievement-oriented. Spence and Robbins ( 1992) identify three workaholic patterns based on their workaholic triad notion. The workaholic triad consists of three concepts: work involvement, feeling driven to work and work enjoyment. Work Addicts score high on work involvement and feeling driven to work and low on work enjoyment. Work Enthusiasts score high on work involvement and work enjoyment and low on felling driven to work. Enthusiastic Addicts score high on all three components. A compelling case could be made for devoting more research attention to workaholism. The concept has received considerable attention in the popular press. There has also been suggestions that workaholism may be increasing in North America (Schor, 1991; Fassel, 1990). In addition it is not clear whether workaholism has positive or negative organizational consequences (Machlowitz, 1980; Killinger, 1991). There is also debate on the association of workaholic behaviors with a variety of personal well-being indicators such as psychological and physical health and self-esteem. Different types of workaholic behavior patterns likely exist, each having unique antecedents and outcomes. The question of whether workaholism can, or should be reduced, had also been raised (Porter, 1996; Killinger, 1991; Seybold & Salomone, 1994). …


Recto-urinary fistula results as a complication following trauma to the perinium and pelvis. These fistulas are difficult to treat and have a high recurrence rate due to the difficult surgical approach in repairing them. Both the transabdominal or transperineal approaches used in repairing these fistulas are difficult and provide only limited exposure to the fistula being repaired. In the case report, we present a patient with complex recto-urinary fistula due to trauma to the pelvis 20 years previously. In this patient we used the transphincteric York Mason approach to directly approach the fistula, followed by construction of a tube flap connecting the bladder and the urethra. The technique is simple, easy and the outcome has been excellent after 4 years of follow-up.


A52-YEAR-OLD MAN PRESENTED TO THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT (ED) FOR evaluation after several days of increasingly blurred vision in the right eye. Nine days earlier, while he was operating an asphalt reclamation machine, the patient reported the sensation of an object striking his right eye, but he had no acute pain or change in vision. He was not wearing eye protection at the time. One day after the trauma occurred, the patient visited his primary care physician and was prescribed topical antibiotics. His past medical and ophthalmological histories were unremarkable. On examination in the emergency department, the best corrected visual acuities were 20/100 in the right eye and 20/20 in the left eye. Dilated, slit-lamp examination of the right eye revealed a selfsealing, full-thickness corneal wound and an area of iris irregularity (iris synechiae formation) (FIGURE 1A), minimal anterior chamber inflammation, and early cataract formation. On adduction of the eye, a large, glistening, variegated intraocular foreign body was seen encased entirely in the crystalline lens (Figure 1B). There were no additional findings in the vitreous or retina on dilated examination, including no signs of endophthalmitis. Examination results of the left eye were unremarkable. What Would You Do Next?


In the world that promotes consumerism, companies are in a competition to produce a variety of commodities and to convert people into consumers of their products whether they need them or not. The abundance of consumer products is promoted through advertisements. These advertisements persuade the common people to become consumers for which they use a variety of strategies, the most common being the use of problem-solution format in language and an effective use of the verbal and the non-verbal. This paper focuses on investigating the verbal and the non-verbal aspects of the text to examine how ideological constructs function in the discourse of advertisingthrough the use of hegemony. A perfume advertisement has been selected for a detailed analysis of the verbal and the visual elements to illustrate how advertisers commonly attempt to transmit some underlying, yet unasserted, meanings to unsuspecting readers who may understand the intentions of the advertisers i.e. to promote consumption but may not understand that the aim is achieved by generally promoting cultural stereotypes which work towards the disadvantage of one social group vis-a-vis the other especially the one that the advertisement is addressed to. The tool for the analysis of the advertisement is Fairclough's model of critical discourse analysis (CDA) that uses the analysis of the verbal and the visual to reveal ideological underpinnings. CDA also has pedagogical implications for instance the language used for describing products, if analysed critically by language learners, helps them to unfold the hidden meanings as is illustrated through the analysis. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nelta.v19i1-2.12085 Journal of NELTA, Vol 19 No. 1-2, December 2014: 117-131


Micro-gas turbine distributed generation system model with dual PWM converter structure was studied.Permanent magnet synchronous machine side and grid side converters' control systems were designed on the basis of the droop characteristics.This control scheme could regulate permanent magnet synchronous machine speed and converter DC voltage.A dynamic model of micro-gas turbine distributed generation was built with Matlab,and simulations were completed under different load conditions.The result has shown that this model has good stability when the load suddenly changes.Rotor inertia response was introduced into this system,which improved the system′s dynamic quality,so the whole micro system can endure a big load mutation.


Intimate partner violence (IPV) victims tend to suffer from various mental health issues. Mental health issues, including suicidal thoughts and attempts caused by IPV victimization, might be more severe among women in El Salvador, where violence against women is prevalent overall. Although polyvictimization, which is defined as experiencing more than one type of violence by one or multiple partners, is associated with more severe mental health consequences than victimization by just a single form of violence due to accumulative trauma, not enough attention has been paid to this phenomenon among Salvadoran women. Thus, guided by trauma theory, this study aimed to examine the impact of polyvictimization from different types of violence (i.e., physical, sexual, emotional, and economic) on suicidal thoughts and attempts among Salvadoran women using the 2017 Violence Against Women National Survey. A nationally representative sample of 3,074 Salvadoran women aged 15 years or older and who had experienced an intimate relationship in their lifetime, recruited through a multistage random sampling design, was analyzed in this study using logistic regression analyses. We found that psychological and economic violence, along with physical and sexual violence, had statistically significant associations with suicidal thoughts and attempts, and polyvictimization increased suicidal thoughts and attempts. Based on this study's findings, we recommend effective research and practice or intervention implementation for addressing IPV and associated mental health problems among Salvadoran women.


ABSTRACT This article presents a study of the applicability of fast nonlinear analytical (FNA) models in predicting the global response of Chinese traditional timber-frame building with Dou-Gon under seismic excitation. Efforts are made to overcome challenges in establishing simplified calculation models, and the corresponding dynamic equations are derived considering the mechanical behavior of sliding column root, mortise-tenon joint and Dou-Gon (bracket sets). Furthermore, nonlinear time-history analysis is conducted under different seismic excitations. Through a verification study, a good correspondence is obtained with previous shake-table test results. Seismic response analysis is also conducted to investigate the energy dissipation of column root sliding, mortise-tenon joint, and Dou-Gon. Subsequently, peak responses of column root and roof under increased values of peak ground acceleration (PGA) are also analyzed. And then, seismic isolation ability and damping characteristics of the model are discussed.


An efficient synthesis of alkylboronate esters by copper nanoparticle stabilised on nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (N-CNT) catalysed alkyl halides borylation is reported. This nanocatalyst provides a practical access to alkylboronate esters...


In this paper we study generic features of nonlocal charges obtained from marginal deformations of Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten models. Using free-field representations of CFTs based on simply laced Lie algebras, one can use simple arguments to build the nonlocal charges; but for more general Lie algebras these methods are not strong enough to be generally used. We propose a brute force calculation where the nonlocality is associated to a new Lie algebra valued field, and from this prescription we impose several constraints on the algebra of nonlocal charges. Possible applications for Yang-Baxter and holographic TT and TJ deformations are also discussed.


With theincreasing worldwide network attacks, intrusion detection (ID) hasbecome a popularresearch topic inlast decade.Several artificial intelligence techniques such as neural networks and fuzzy logichave been applied in ID. The results are varied. Theintrusion detection accuracy is themain focus for intrusion detection systems (IDS). Most research activities in the area aiming to improve the ID accuracy. In this paper, anartificial immune system (AIS) based network intrusion detection scheme is proposed. An optimized feature selection using Rough Set (RS) theory is defined. The complexity issue is addressed in the design of the algorithms. The scheme is tested on the widely used KDD CUP 99 dataset. The result shows that theproposed scheme outperforms other schemes in detection accuracy.


In this paper, we are trying to give a clear definition to flexibility in the building system, and figure out what are different flexible requirements in correlate to building types and programs. The approach adopted to is to build up a database for architectural projects for quantitative research, including building programs, flexible features, and building techniques. An independent system is also set up to map and evaluate the projects, through which we gain a better understanding of different degrees of flexibility needed for a project. The aim of such database and evaluation system is to provide references and conveniences for architects designing flexible building systems in the future.


Small and Medium Enterprises and Indonesian Cooperatives (SMESCO) are strategies in promoting and introducing Indonesia's superior products to the international community. Through SMESCO, SME owners can work together on standardization of SME products, SME quality standardization and at the same time a forum for fostering SMEs to market their products, through human resource development programs including seminars, training, workshops and product introduction through online shops and mentoring programs. The research aims to prove and analyse the influence of: innovation strategies on the performance of SMEs in SMESCO Indonesia directly or through competitive advantage; innovation strategy towards competitive advantage; competitive advantage towards the performance of SMEs at SMESCO Indonesia. The research population is all SME companies that partner with SMESCO Indonesia. Sampling is done by probability sampling with a simple random sampling method. Data analysis using Structural Equation Modelling-Partial Least Squares, a sample of 147 small and medium business owners at SMESCO Indonesia. The results of the study prove: (1) The innovation strategy does not directly have a significant effect on the increasing performance of SME companies in SMESCO Indonesia but has a significant effect through competitive advantage; (2) Competitive advantage has a significanteffect on the increasing performance of SMEs in Indonesia.


Extracellular vehicles (EVs) are efficient biomarkers of disease and participate in disease pathogenesis; however, their use as clinical therapies to modify disease outcomes remains to be determined. Cell-based immune therapies, including regulatory T cells (Tregs), are currently being clinically evaluated for their usefulness in suppressing pro-inflammatory processes. The present study demonstrates that ex vivo expanded Tregs generate a large pool of EVs that express Treg-associated markers and suppress pro-inflammatory responses in vitro and in vivo. Intravenous injection of Treg EVs into an LPS-induced mouse model of inflammation reduced peripheral pro-inflammatory transcripts and increased anti-inflammatory transcripts in myeloid cells as well as Tregs. Intranasal administration of enriched Treg EVs in this model also reduced pro-inflammatory transcripts and the associated neuroinflammatory responses. In a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, intranasal administration of enriched Treg EVs slowed disease progression, increased survival, and modulated inflammation within the diseased spinal cord. These findings support the therapeutic potential of expanded Treg EVs to suppress pro-inflammatory responses in human disease.


In high different pressure process condition, if the valve type selected were not correct, erosion and corrosion would occur in the trim, especially in steam systems and water spraying systems. We will analyze the problems of SHP desuperheaters, find out the reasons of erosion, and introduce the solution and the result by our experience on the actual processing. It can provide a suggestion for selecting valves used in the high temperature, high pressure process condition.


As economies become increasingly complex, so do their associated energy generation systems. Therefore, engineers and decision makers in this sector are spurred to seek out state-of-the-art approaches to deal with this rapid increase in system complexity. An effective strategy to deal with this scenario is to employ computational intelligence (CI) methods. CI supplements the heuristics used by the engineer—enhancing the cumulative analytic capacity to effectively resolve complicated scenarios. CI could be split to two classes: predictive modeling and optimization. In this chapter, past applications of CI in energy generation are discussed. The sectors presented here are renewable energy systems, distributed generation, nuclear power plants, coal power, and gas-fueled plants.


Crown fire poses challenges to fire managers and ca n endanger fire fighters. Understanding of how fire interacts with tree crowns is essential to informed decisions about crown fire. Current operational crown fire predictions in the United St ates assume homogeneous crown fuels. While a new class of research fire models, which model fire behavior with computational fluid dynamics (CFD), can be used to model fire in heterogeneous c rown fuels, the potential impacts of variability in crown fuels have not yet been explored. In this study we introduce a new model, FUEL3D, which incorporates allometric theory and a simple 3 D plant architecture approach to model the distribution of fuel within individual tree crowns. We then test the effects of crown fuel heterogeneity on fire behavior with a CFD fire mode l, WFDS, by simulating fire under a homogeneous tree crown and a heterogeneous tree crown modeled with FUEL3D, with two different levels of surface fire intensity; model o utput are used to estimate the probability of tree mortality, linking fire behavior and fire effects a t the scale of an individual tree. Variability with in a tree crown altered the timing, magnitude and dyna mics of how fire burned through the crown; effects varied with surface fire intensity. In the lower fire intensity case, the heterogeneous tree crown barely ignited and would likely survive, whil e the homogeneous tree had nearly 80% fuel consumption and an order of magnitude difference in net radiative heat flux. In the higher intensity case, both cases burned readily. Differences for th e homogeneous tree between the two surface fire intensity cases were minimal in nature but were dra matic for the heterogeneous tree. These results suggest that heterogeneity within the crown causes more conditional, threshold-like interactions with fire; both crown fire initiation and propagati on may be more sensitive to crown fuel architecture than currently considered.


57Fe Mossbauer spectroscopic and X-ray diffraction methods have been used to study the nature of the corrosion products of mild steel plates buried in four New Zealand soils of widely differing properties. This shows that superparamagnetic goethite (a-FeOOH) is the major corrosion product, with akagankite (â-FeOOH) and lepidocrocite (y-FeOOH) the next most abundant. Magnetite (Fe3O4) is also present in some samples.


THIS ARTICLE is an addendum to my other piece in this volume (Kreisel, 1981), NP for short. Section I below is principally a summary of recent mathematical progress on two topics raised in NP, but formal details will be published separately. Section 2 goes into the need for new questions to cope with the law of diminishing returns. Summary. Section 1 elaborates the following point which appeared in NP only in side remarks, especially in the footnotes to sections 3.3 and 4.5.


We investigate whether or not monetary aggregates are important in determining output. In addition to the official Simple Sum measure of money, we employ the sophisticated weighted Divisia aggregate. We also investigate whether or not the influence of money on output is time varying using data-driven procedures to identify breaks in the data and conduct estimations for the different segments defined by these breaks. We find that structural breaks do exist in some of the variables under investigation and these do influence the relationship between monetary aggregates and output. However, the official Simple Sum aggregate appears to be more affected by the breaks than the theoretically superior Divisia aggregate. In particular, our results show that in some segments of our data, the Simple Sum aggregate does not influence output significantly whereas the Divisia aggregate maintains a significant relationship with output in all segments. We conclude that Divisia money is still influencing output in spite of the diminished role played in monetary policy. Our investigation also suggests that the recovery from the financial crisis using quantitative easing would have been faster if money was not being hoarded.


IT IS estimated that colorectal cancer will have caused 54,900 deaths in 1981. Hepatic metastases in these patients signal a bleak prognosis, as the average duration of life following this discovery is six to 12 months. 1,2 In a very select group of patients with solitary hepatic lesions, prolonged survival can be obtained by surgical resection. 3 In the patient with unresectable metastases, systemic chemotherapy and radiotherapy provide palliation, but prolonged survival is rare. This report reviews the experience at Milwaukee County General Hospital (MCGH) with intravenous (IV) and oral fluorouracil therapy in patients with hepatic metastasis from colorectal carcinoma and includes a remarkable 14-year, 11-month survivor. Materials and Methods Eight hundred seventy-three cases of colorectal cancer were registered with the MCGH tumor registry between 1955 and 1978. This review included patients with resected primary cancers and histologically proved hepatic metastases either at the time of initial laparotomy or later.


The research informing this presentation was supported by an ARC Linkage Project No: 0989429, titled: Citizen Engagement: Listening to citizen's views about Australia's health system and prevention.


The flight microchannel plate detectors to be used in the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph, a fourth generation instrument for the Hubble Space Telescope, have been calibrated in the laboratory before being integrated into the spectrograph. This paper presents additional findings following a second scrub that became necessary when a fault was found with the quantum efficiency enhancement grid.


Hydrogel was moderate crosslinded,branched polymers,widely studied and applied because of the ability to absorb large quantities of water,swell quickly,soft,elastine and biologic consistence.Assorting,preparation and hot-spotting study of hydrogel in presence were reviewed. Future development were prospected.


Abstract Introduction: Adequate antenatal counseling combined with postnatal lactation support is likely to improve exclusive breastfeeding rates. Objective: To assess the impact of a postnatal video based health education program in promoting exclusive breastfeeding among primiparous mothers. Methods: This interventional study was done in a tertiary care teaching hospital, south India. Primiparous mothers in one postnatal ward (group A) received routine lactation counseling. A similar group of primiparous mothers in another postnatal ward (group B) were administered a video based health education program on exclusive breastfeeding in the local language Tamil in addition to the routine lactation counseling. The exclusive breastfeeding rates of these two groups of mothers were compared. Their knowledge and perceptions after intervention were also compared using a pretested questionnaire. Results: Among 878 primiparous mothers, 94% fed colostrum and 43% initiated breastfeeding within one hour of delivery. Correct attachment was noted with 96% and 13% had lactation issues. Group B had marginally better exclusive breastfeeding rate at six months but not statistically significant. Mothers in group B had a statistically significant better knowledge score post-intervention compared to those in Group A. Use of gripe water was more in group A compared to group B. Conclusion: The video based health education program when combined with routine lactation counseling improved the knowledge regarding exclusive breastfeeding among postnatal primiparous mothers better than with routine lactation counseling alone. However, both interventions had similar effect on exclusive breastfeeding rate at six months.


in the transition, although mentioned, does not deal adequately with the latter's eschatological views and their source in Martin Luther's own intense end-time expectation (which, as Martin Greschat has pointed out, culminated in the great Peasant War) and their role in the Münster takeover by Jan of Leiden and Jan Mathijs. Virtually all radicals who addressed the matter, as well as Luther's closest followers later on, pointed to the reformer as the prophet of the end times who had publicly identified the pope as antichrist as early as his 1520 Address to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation. It is in the context of this pervasive expectation that St. Augustine's misinterpretation of the Parable of the Tares takes on revolutionary significance. He argued that the Church, rather than the world—in opposition to what Christ had told his disciples—was the "field" spoken of in the parable. If the end of the age was the "time of harvest," as Christ himself had stated, in which the wheat had to be separated from the tares, then Augustine's misinterpretation suddenly took on revolutionary overtones. It was the "peaceful" Anabaptists—the Swiss Brethren and Menno Simons—who, in the sixteenth century, rejected Augustine's misinterpretation and restored Christ's interpretation. The concept of "the time of harvest" and the consequent necessity to separate the "wheat" from the "tares" are powerful images in Rothmann's work as well as Hoffmann's writings, as they are in the writings of Thomas Müntzer. In this connection, not enough is done to bring out the differences between the Münster Anabaptists and those uninvolved in revolutionary activity.


The edge states of two-dimensional time-reversal topological insulators (TIs) support a perfect helical conductance on wide ribbons due to the absence of backscattering. Here, we study the changes in the transport properties of TI nanoribbons by introducing a constriction along the ribbon. This set up allows the edge states to hybridize, leading to reflections at the ends of the constriction. We find that the electronic states running along one edge can be reflected back along the opposite edge multiple times, giving rise to Fabry-Perot resonant vortexes within the constriction with well defined conductance peaks. We show that magnetic barriers allow one to manipulate these peaks and obtain significant changes in the system spin-resolved magnetoconductance.


Design of the NMR quantum computer of 1D spin chains based on 31P@C60-SWCNT as peapods was studied. Electronic structure and magnetic properties of 31P@C60 encapsulating fullerenes within SWCNT as peapods was investigated by quantum chemical calculation. Characterization of chemical shifts of 13C, principle g-tensor and A-tensor of hyperfine structure for phosphorus atom with electronic spin S = 3/2 and nuclear spin I = 1/2 were studied. The excited energy and wavelength at 1512 nm and 728 nm confirmed assignment of the first and second states as van Hove transitions. Molecular design of carbon peapods is important to control quantum spin qubits, splitting by spin-local interaction and dipole-dipole interaction based on p-orbital spin density distribution under hybrization of molecular orbital at excited state and grand state.


This retrospective study was performed to detect thoracic changes on chest films after open-heart surgery Authors reviewed total 160 cases who underwent median sternotomy from July 1984 to January 1988 The res비 ts were as fo llows' 1. Although all cases showed mediastinal w idening by the mean 29.9% (SD 16.2), there was no case of reoperation due to excessive mediastinal hemorrhage. 2. Among 160 cases, 87 cases (54%) showed thoracic alterations after surgery. 3. Abnormal sternal findings were radio lucent vertical line in 15 cases (9%), sternal dehiscence in 4 cases (2%), sternal osteom)에iti s in 4 cases (2%). 4. The types of pulmonary parenchymalles ions were 24 cases (1 5%) of atelectasis, 15 cases (9%) of pneumonia and 3 cases (2%) of pulmonary edema 5. Pleural effusion was noted in 39 cases (24%). 6. Among the abnormal extra-alveo lar air co ll ections, there were pneumothorax i 미 10 cases (6%), pneumomediastinum and pneumopericard ium in 29 cases (18%), and pneumoperitoneum in 5 cases (3%) 7. In 23 cases with phrenic nerve paralysis, the involved site was left in all and the associated p비mona ry infiltration in left lower lobe was found in 82% (1 9/23) 8. 4 cases of cardiac tamponade developed 9 to 20 days after surgery (" late" fo rm)


Based on the single cell model, energy consumption rate and energy ratio of reactive immiscible polymer blends in the simple shearing flow under vibration force field are expressed. The influencing factors of the blend phase morphology, such as vibration strength, blending component, viscosity ratio, curing state and interfacial tension, are analyzed. Calculation results show that the vibration force field can play an effective role in controlling the phase morphology of polymer blends during polymer processing.


The spectral linewidth and intensity of narrowband terahertz pulses generated by photomixing with beating of nonlinearly chirped laser pulse pairs are studied. The direct relationship between the dispersion of the pump pulse stretcher and the chirp of the terahertz pulse is shown. Simple analytical expressions for the linewidth and intensity of the terahertz spectrum are obtained and their validity is confirmed by numerical simulations. Generation of narrowband terahertz pulses with minimal chirp is demonstrated.


Drilling wells with TOT-3P design consists of optimizing (reducing) the steps of well construction. Drilling takes place in 3 sections (3P=3 phases) and the completion, sand containment screen plus production column (upper and lower), is performed in a single trip (TOT = True One Trip).
 The construction of wells in 3 sections is only possible with the deepening of the casing of the second section of the well and the capacity of this casing to have the function of surface and production. Some challenges stand out this project, such as the gain of inclination, cleaning and stability of the open well in a riserless phase, in addition to the need to return cement to the mud line for structural purposes and guarantee the solidarity set of barriers.
 Because drilling has only three sections, the shoe surface/production casing should be deepened in such a way that it is competent to withstand the production loadings, the pressure influence of injector wells and compose the solidary set of barriers (SSB) for abandonment, as well as enable the installation of components of the tubing at the required depth, such as the gas lift mandrel (GLM).
 To analyze the feasibility of the TOT-3P project, some points are studied: Analysis of flow potential of the shallow sands crossed in section II;Surface/production casing shoe racing analysis for well construction and for well productive life;Depths of tubing modulates (PDG, chemical injection mandrel and gas lift mandrel) to meet production monitoring, combat fouling and well production.
 Thus, integrated strategies for Drilling, Fluids and Cementation were defined in order to obtain the objectives mentioned through a bore caliper with diameter that allows a good cementation to be performed and obtained a satisfactory result in the cementation evaluation profiles, leading to the return of cement to mud line and composition of 2 solidary sets of barriers in annular above the reservoir.


. In this paper, we extend the notion of a merge tree to that of a generalized merge tree, a merge tree that includes 1-dimensional cycle birth information. Given a discrete Morse function on a 1-dimensional regular CW complex, we construct the induced generalized merge tree. We give several notions of equivalence of discrete Morse functions based on the induced generalized merge tree and how these notions relate to one another. As a consequence, we obtain a complete solution to the inverse problem between discrete Morse functions on 1-dimensional regular CW complexes and generalized merge trees. After characterizing which generalized merge trees can be induced by a discrete Morse function on a simple graph, we give an algorithm based on the induced generalized merge tree of a discrete Morse function f : X → R that cancels the critical simplices of f and replaces it with an optimal discrete Morse function


PURPOSE: To provide a reduction method of spatial energy diffusion in an electron beam and making almost the entire beam current usable, and provide an electron beam device. CONSTITUTION: This method and device relates to energy selection in electron beams. The electron beam device 1 is provided with an energy dispersing member 20, arranged near an electron source 3 for generating an electron beam 7. The energy dispersing member 20 enlarges the electron beam 7 in a dispersing direction. Energy selection is made by selecting a large number of pixels with a local energy width in the image-focusing face 21 of an object 11.


Afferent loop syndrome is a rare complication of pancreaticoduodenectomy, and the endoscopic approach is difficult due to the surgically altered anatomy. Herein, we report a case of afferent loop obstruction treated by endoscopic metal stent insertion using two endoscopes. A 57-year-old male who had undergone the Whipple operation 7 months prior for pancreatic head cancer presented with abdominal pain and jaundice. Abdominal computed tomography showed afferent loop obstruction due to recurrent metastatic pancreatic cancer. First, we attempted to insert the stent using percutaneous transhepatic approaches following percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage, but these failed. We therefore accessed the obstruction site using a relatively thin endoscope and then exchanged this endoscope for another with a large working channel, through which the self-expandable metal stent was passed. The stent was inserted successfully. This method will increase the success rate of endoscopic treatment. (Korean J Med 2015;89:428-432)


By means of the literature metrology, statistics and analysis are conducted on quantity of citation, language classification of citation, distribution of citation types, and distribution of citation published times etc. for the papers published in 《Guangxi University for Nationalities 》(Philosophy and Social Science Edition) during the years from 1995 to 2002.


Windmill has been introduce since 1891 to generate electricity. In 1990s the windmill energy have growing rapidly and it's have been focus on how to make it more useful in our daily life. Windmill is for water pumping and generator application. Blade is the most important part in windmill and it have its own characteristic based on application. Aerofoil blade is the most new design for windmill generator that have the same character as aeroplane wing.


Introduction Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious zoonotic disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. Monitoring the infection in pets is recommended for human disease surveillance, prevention, and control since the virus can spread from people to animals during close contact. Several diagnostic tests have been adapted from humans to animals, but limited data on the validation process are available. Methods Herein, the first comparative study of six "in house" and two commercial serological tests developed to monitor SARS-CoV-2 infection in pets was performed with a well-coded panel of sera (61 cat sera and 74 dog sera) with a conservative criterion (viral seroneutralisation and/or RT–qPCR results) as a reference. Four "in house" tests based on either the RBD fragment of the spike protein (RBD-S) or the N-terminal fragment of the nucleoprotein (N) were developed for the first time. The analytical specificity (ASp) of those tests that showed the best diagnostic performance was assessed. The validation included the analysis of a panel of sera obtained pre-pandemic from cats and dogs infected with other coronaviruses to determine the analytical Sp (17 cat sera and 41 dog sera). Results and discussion ELISAS based on the S protein are recommended in serosurveillance studies for cats (RBD-S SALUVET ELISA, ELISA COVID UNIZAR and INgezim® COVID 19 S VET) and dogs (INgezim® COVID 19 S VET and RBD-S SALUVET ELISA). These tests showed higher diagnostic sensitivity (Se) and DSp in cats (>90%) than in dogs. When sera obtained prior to the pandemic and from animals infected with other coronaviruses were analyzed by RBD-S and N SALUVET ELISAs and INgezim® COVID 19 S VET, a few cross reactors or no cross reactions were detected when dog and cat sera were analyzed by tests based on the S protein, respectively. In contrast, the number of cross reactions increased when the test was based on the N protein. Thus, the use of tests based on the N protein was discarded for serodiagnosis purposes. The results obtained revealed the most accurate serological tests for each species. Further studies should attempt to improve the diagnostic performance of serological tests developed for dogs.


involved in offering sustainable products which manifest qualities that make them different from traditional products through differentiated packaging where they show environmental certification thus validating their interest in the care and welfare of the environment, as a result of this is born what is known as sustainable development term based on a concept of socio-economic development whose purpose is to ensure a life of quality and fullness for all. Many organisations are involved in offering sustainable products, in Ecuador they do it under the commissaries or also known as hypermarkets, which belong to the retail sector and attract people of different economic conditions. Having said that, the main objective of this study is to analyse the perception and sensitivity of the consumers of the commissaries in Ecuador to the application of sustainable actions that demonstrate their interest in the well-being of the environment. To carry it out, it was carried out under a quantitative approach, by means of an exploratory and empirical type of research, and to analyse the data, the PLS-SEM method was used, where it was stated that sustainability practices by companies are effective in creating long-term consumer value and loyalty.


The present invention discloses a method for preparing an aqueous coating and ink containing an organic pigment novel compound dendritic dispersant, comprising 1 to 15 parts by novel compound dendritic dispersant organic pigment, 50 to 90 parts of the aqueous resin and organic pigment 10 to 30 parts, wherein said organic pigment novel dendritic compound comprising a dendritic polymer dispersant component parts 80 and 60 to 20 to 40 parts organic salts. In the present invention, novel compound dendritic dispersant organic pigment particularly suitable for aqueous coating inks field, with less dosage, good storage stability of paste, low production cost, technology and simple, and easy industrial production, the market potential than Big.


The current report presents on-line course in information technologies from the educational plan of "Physical education and sport" specialty. The emphasis is on the technology of work as well as the content of the course. The educational process is performed within a software platform MOODLE, which represents specific environment for e-learning. The education is performed in the form of blended learning - on-line learning and in-school classes. Hereby is given a questionnaire, which gives information about the opinions of students who participated in the educational process. The survey has been conducted with 28 students- 15 men and 13 women. The teachers' willingness is to develop themselves and develop the electronic forms of education in all subjects from the bachelors' and masters' degrees programs.


Objective To evaluate the effect of therapeutic communication on alleviating anxiety and satisfaction with nursing work in unaccompanied patients.Methods 120 patients were divided into experimental group and control group by random sampling,60 patients in each group.All the patients received routine care and general nurse-patient communication.Besides that,therapeutic communication was provided for the 60 patients in the experimental group.Results The anxiety score of patients in experimental group was (32.26 ±8.11 ),it was obviously lower than that in control group(t =3.425,P =0.003).There was statistically significant difference on satisfaction rate ( Z =3.765,P =0.018 ),it was higher in experimental group.Conclusions Therapeutic communication can effectively relieve patients,anxiety,and increase patient satisfaction.

Key words:
Anxiety;  Satisfaction rate of patient;  Therapeutic Communication;  Unaccompanied