Objective To seek for an appropriate surgical approach for the resection of tumors in nasopharynx, oropharynx and parapharyngeal space. Methods Clinical data of 12 patients with tumors resected via mandibular swing approach (MSA) from 2002 to 2006 were studied retrospectively. As for the position of the tuomrs, 3 tumors were located at nasopharynx, 5 at oropbarynx, and 4 in parapharyngeal space. Except for the resection of tumors, 5 patients received retropharyngeal node dissection, 2 received unilateral modified radical neck dissections, 3 patients with oropharyngeal defect were reconstructed with the pectoralis major myocutaneous flap, 4 cases were reconstructed with the forarm free flap and 2 cases with tissue engineenng flap. The patients with malignant tumors were given postoperative radiotherapy. Results All patients were followed up for 8 months to 4 years. One nasopharyngeal carcinoma patient died of lung metastasis one year after surgery, and one with tumor of parapharyngeal space died of tumor recurrence 6 months after surgery. One tonsillar carcinoma patient recurred and received the second operation. The others were alive. Conclusion MSA providesa maximal exposure of the the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and the parapharyngeal space. It allows thorough resection of the tumor, and facilitates the immediate rehabilitation with artificial tissue, free flap, or myocutaneous flap. MSA is safe and effective.


This paper describes the construction of the diversion tunnels, together with the relevant intake and outlet works, that were constructed to bypass a landslide in the Valtellina Valley in North Italy. The tunnels were required to empty a lake upstream of the landslide before it flooded the neighbouring land. They were sized with sections allowing the Adda River to discharge possible exceptional floods up to 400 cu m per sec. The building of the tunnels was completed very rapidly, between November 1987 and April 1988. One tunnel has length 2.854 km, approximate diameter 6.0 m and a polycentric section; the other tunnel has length 2.898 km, diameter 4.2m and a circular section. Both tunnels have approximate gradient 2.52%. In the first tunnel, a Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) was used to drive a pilot tunnel of diameter 3.0 m, which was then enlarged by blasting; the second tunnel was drilled by a TBM. It was found that the greater excavation costs of boring the pilot tunnel, due to use of a TBM, were more than compensated by: (1) the lower specific costs for explosives; (2) the reduced need for tunnel supports; (3) less overbreak; (4) a smaller work force; (5) lower total cost, due to reduced execution times. The German title of this paper is as follows: "Katastrophe im Veltlin-Tal - zwei Tunnelbohrmaschinen ermoeglichen einen Zeitreleord im Tunnelbohren". For the covering abstract of ths conference see IRRD 824157.


Abstract Alumina-supported single-layer MoS2 was prepared and its hydrodesulfurization (HDS) activity compared to an alumina-supported multilayer MoS2 catalyst. Single-layer crystallites were formed by exfoliation of lithium-intercalated 2H–MoS2 crystals and were deposited on γ-alumina at pH 10.5–11. The single-layer material is shown to be stable under reaction conditions and catalytic with similar activity and selectivity relative to the multilayer catalyst in the HDS of thiophene and tetrahydrothiophene.


The groundwater inflow into a tunnel affects not only the construction schedule,cost,stability and safety,but also the groundwater level. Because of the increasing public concern regarding the impact of tunneling on surrounding environments,the control of groundwater has become an essential part of the planning,design and construction of a tunneling project. The impact on groundwater table due to groundwater inflow into Shinkansen (high speed trains) Chikushi Tunnel in Japan is analyzed by coupling geographic information systems(GIS) and FLAC3D. Firstly,the area around Shinkansen Chikushi Tunnel is drawn into watersheds using the hydrologic- analysis of ArcGIS;and tank model,which is a method for hydrologic balance analysis of precipitation, evaporation,water flow and infiltration,is used for calculating the rainfall infiltration. All the data,such as the geological data,three-dimensional terrain and rainfall,are processed using GIS. Then,a three-dimensional groundwater flow numerical model is used to predict the groundwater inflow into tunnel and the drop of groundwater level around the tunnel. Based on the 3D numerical model,considering the rainfall infiltration and the tunnel excavation sequences,a time-spatial simulation of the groundwater inflow and its influence on the groundwater level of Shinkansen Chikushi Tunnel are presented.


Two of the studies suggest that an excess of certain proteins in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are strong predictors of Alzheimer's, and that the accuracy of these predictions is stronger when they are considered together with other diagnostic tools, such as memory tests or MRI brain scans. A third report suggests that new ways of creating images of inflammation in the brain with PET scans could one day be used to identify treatments that protect the brain. Finally, a small but intriguing study suggests it could be possible to detect Alzheimer's-like changes in saliva, which is easily obtained, safe and affordable, but there is a lot of work still to be done.


Taking the river comprehensive regulation project for Mancheng section of Caohe River as an example,this paper discussed some problems about the plan and the design in river regulation from the necessity of flood control and regulation,planning principles,river regulation project and comprehensive improvement planning and design,with a view to provide reference for comprehensive regulation project of the river adjacent to the city.


The article deals with the issues of foreign language teaching enhancement for technical students. Teaching materials are considered to be the key element of educational aid for ESP teaching. The basic principles of teaching materials development are highlighted. Development and implementation of teaching materials for technical students of master degree program of «Software Engineering» is described


Background: Little is documented about doctors' perceptions of continuing education in relation to developing their knowledge and abilities as teachers. Objectives: This study explored how doctors teaching at the University of Western Australia develop themselves in their teaching roles and factors that facilitate or impede doctors to pursue educational continuing professional development (ECPD). Methods: Participants were asked to complete a 48-item questionnaire with both closed and open-ended items. Results: Questionnaires were returned by 108 doctors. Intrinsic satisfaction from teaching was the predominant motivating factor identified for undertaking ECPD. Recurring themes identified as obstacles to ECPD were lack of time, heavy workload, lack of recognition for teaching and lack of direction from their employers. Conclusion: The results of this study suggested that doctors would appreciate more direction and leadership from their employers in regards to their teaching responsibility. Making education courses relevant and flexible in their delivery and providing better pay for teaching roles were identified as factors that could encourage doctors to engage in formal ECPD. In addition, medical degrees that prepare medical students for a teaching role may offer a solution for the future.


Airport surveillance radars (ASR) utilize a broad, cosecant-squared elevation beam pattern, rapid azimuthal antenna scanning, and coherent pulsed-Doppler processing to detect. and track approaching and departing aircraft. These radars, because of location, rapid scan rate, and direct air traffic control (ATe) data link, can also provide flight controllers with timely information on weather conditions that are hazardous to aircraft. With an added processing channel, an upgraded ASR can automatically detect regions of low-altitude wind shear. This upgrade can provide wind shear warnings at airports where low traffic volume or infrequent thunderstorm activity precludes the deployment of a dedicated Terminal Doppler Weather Radar (TDWR). Field measurements and analysis conducted by Lincoln Laboratory indicate that the principal technical challenges for low-altitude wind shear detection with an ASR-groundclutter suppression, estimation of near-surface radial velocity, and automatic wind shear hazard recognition-ean be successfully met for microbursts accompanied by rain at the surface.


Aim:To study the expression of TPX2 and its significance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) tissue.Methods:Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of TPX2 protein in 62 cases of ESCC,31 cases of adjacent atypical hyperplasia epithelium and 62 cases of normal esophageal epithelium tissue.The expression of TPX2 mRNA in 22 cases of ESCC,18 cases of adjacent atypical hyperplasia epithelium and 18 cases of normal esophageal epithelium tissue were detected using RT-PCR.Results:In ESCC,adjacent atypical hyperplasia epithelium and normal esophageal epithelium tissue,the positive rate of TPX2 protein expression was 85.5%(53/62),51.6%(16/31)and 4.8%(13/62),respectively,decreased by turn(χ2=20.037,P0.01);the positive rate of TPX2 mRNA expression was 73.3%(16/22),60.0%(12/18) and 0,respectively,decreased by turn(P0.01).The expressions of TPX2 protein and mRNA were correlated with lymph node metastasis and infiltration depth of ESCC(P0.01).Conclusion:High expression of TPX2 may be a risk factor for lymph node metastasis,and maybe a potential biomarker for early diagnosis and prognosis of ESCC.


Because of the different combinations of tones of two?word phrases of the standard spoken Chinese, the tones of the first and second positions have different dynamic changes, the tone of the first position being apparently changed from falling and rising tone to low and falling tone or rising tone, while the tone of the second position in tone values. Dynamic changes of the tone of the second position are more common than others, to which sufficient attention should be paid.


In this paper, a novel model is presented for machines and automated guided vehicles' simultaneous scheduling, which addresses an extension of the blocking job shop scheduling problem, considering the transferring of jobs between different machines using a limited number of multi-mode automated guided vehicles. Since the model is strictly NP-hard, and because objectives contradict each other, a meta-heuristic algorithm called 'multi-objective invasive weeds optimisation algorithm' with a new chromosome structure which guarantees the feasibility of solutions is developed to solve the proposed problem. Two other meta-heuristic algorithms namely 'non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm' and 'multi-objective particle swarm optimisation algorithm' are applied to validate the solutions obtained by the developed multi-objective invasive weeds optimisation algorithm. A certain method was applied to select the algorithm with the best performance. The result of ranking the algorithms indicated that the developed multi-objective invasive weeds optimisation algorithm had the best performance in terms of solving the mentioned problems. [Received: 7 January 2017; Revised: 30 December 2017; Revised: 17 August 2018; Revised: 22 January 2019; Accepted: 26 July 2019]


The Impact of Just-In-Time on the Audit of Purchasing A switch to any new manufacturing technology could require significant changes in a firm's accounting system. Unresolved is the question of what effect these changes will have on the independent audit of the manufacturing firm's financial statements. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of just-in-time (JIT) on the audit of purchasing, from the point of view of the certified public accountant performing the audit. Specifically, the aim is to analyze possible changes in audit testing and internal control in the purchasing function resulting from the implementation of JIT concepts. A switch to any new manufacturing approach could require significant changes in a firm's accounting system. From a study of the just-in-time (JIT) literature, it appears that the internal control environment and the cost accounting system will undergo major modifications when JIT techniques are adopted by a manufacturer. Unresolved is the question of what effect these changes will have on the independent audit of the manufacturing firm's financial statements. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of JIT on the audit of the purchasing area, from the point of view of the certified public accountant (CPA) performing the audit. Specifically, the aim is to analyze possible changes in audit testing and internal control resulting from the implementation of JIT concepts in the purchasing area. Modifications of purchasing practices caused by the adoption of JIT techniques may affect internal controls designed to protect company assets, ensure proper authorization procedures, and provide sufficient documentation. It is important that purchasing professionals be aware of potential control problems in the implementation stages of JIT, so that proper controls are maintained when procedures are changed. Effective internal controls are necessary not only to safeguard company resources but also to facilitate the performance of a cost-effective audit by the firm's outside auditors. Since the adoption of JIT purchasing techniques may change the traditional accounting system, an investigation of possible consequences should be beneficial. Following a review of common characteristics and goals of a JIT purchasing system, the results of a survey of national public accounting firms is reported. JIT PURCHASING The fundamental concept of JIT is the elimination of waste caused by overproduction, unnecessary handling, inefficient processing, and defective production.[1] Processes that do not add value to the product should be eliminated. In a manufacturing operation, excessive inventory is usually the most visible component of waste. Although inventory reduction is a primary goal, before inventory can be reduced, the problems it conceals must be resolved. Inventory may protect against machine breakdowns or lengthy setup times; in many cases, an oversupply of inventory is used as a buffer against poor quality material. Many factors contribute to successful JIT implementation, but the key is quality at the source, throughout the system. Quality is a major consideration in applying JIT techniques to purchasing, as it is in production. Improved product quality is one of the most important benefits gained by companies using JIT purchasing. Other advantages include improved productivity, a reduced need for incoming inspections, better production scheduling, and a reduction in purchasing paperwork.[2] JIT purchasing promotes the development of long-term relationships with a few dependable suppliers. Frequent delivery of small lot sizes is a typical goal of JIT purchasing. A cooperative relationship between buyer and supplier is necessary for the smooth functioning of a tightly scheduled system. Under JIT, single sourcing in a long-term relationship is viewed as a way to develop supplier loyalty and promote supplier contribution to product quality and design. …


Children with primary Tslymphocyte deficiency arc more ."I/."'clptihfe to infection hy organisms such (15: bacteria, fungi. prolo:o(J lind virus, 1711.' isniatian oj all opponuniuic ory;ani."m or an IImallally severe infection with higher grade pathogens, provide a clue (0 diagnosis of immunodeficiency, To determine the microorganisms causing recurrent or severe infections in children with T•(rmpllOcy!e doflcicncy, we carried out II retrospective case review oj H5 patients with 1'../ympllOC)'te deficiency who wuc investigated at the Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Trust, OH'r the 5 year period between June I, 11)88 and June I, 11)93. Tuc /:mllp of patients included 53 mules anti 32 [cmales, among which 23 and 62 were diagnosed to prewnt SClf) (/",1 elf) subtypes respectively, Among the 174 organisms isolated. these included bacteria (97 isolates], viruses (43 isolates}, funJ:i (25 isolates] and parasites (9 isolates}, 17lC predominant ."ites of infections were mainly the gll."trointe."titwl (60 out of 174) and respiratory tracts (49 out of 174). 171£' most common bacterial infections, were with aerobic gram negative organisms (28 isolatcs), P.H'UdOmOnllS aeruginosa (17 isolates], Enterococcus (/2 isolates), C. difficile (10 isolates], Analysis: of 43 viral infection showed that Homvirus (10 isolates], Adenovirus (9 isolates], Herpes simplex (6 isolates], am! C}loml'!:altH'iTlH (6 isalatcs), Wi'rl! prrdominutu pathogens. Candida albicans was IIII' most commonly isolated fungi. Parasitic infections included P. curini and Cryp(o."poridillm, 3 and (j opt of 9 cases. In our }iTOUp of pmients 16 patients' died before hone maTOOW transplantation, due to infectimu complication. Based on this ."tlldy. we ,wgge.lt thai pronytaxis aJjllin.rt bacterial, viral, Jllngal ami protozoa agents is a necessity to minimize infectious complication." in 7~/ympilOcyte deficient patients, awaiting a hone marrow transplantation.


A semiring with involution is a semiring equipped with an involutorial antiasutomorphism as a fundamental operation. The aim of the present paper is to determine the lattice of all varieties of idempotent and distributive semirings with involution. We start with the description of their structure, which is followed by a complete list of all subdirectly irreducibles. We make a heavy use of general results obtained recently by Dolinka and Vincic [11] on involutorial Plonka sums. Applying these results and some further structural theorems, we construct the considered lattice. It turns out that it has exactly 64 elements.


In this paper,the mirror frequency interferer is introduced first,It mainly discusses the work principle of the mirror frequency rejection mixer and the detailed circuit,By analyzed the theory about mirror frequency rejection,and the effect of mirror frequency rejection is given.


To determine the frequency of diagnostic indications among women seeking to terminate pregnancies for reasons of fetal abnormality, spontaneous fetal demise, or a genetic disorder in a private outpatient clinic specializing in late outpatient abortion procedures.


The number of single-parent families has significantly increased in the recent years. The difficulties they are confronted with are an alarm for pedagogues, sociologists and psychologists. The article analyses the difficulties of exercising educative roles in single-parent families. A focus made among single parents highlights a series of aspects that require a solution, considering the consequences a divorce can have on the child`s evolution.


The Australian government introduced legislation for plain packaging of cigarettes in July 2011. This immediately provoked a strong counter-reaction from the multinational tobacco industry, particularly Philip Morris International. Two major areas in which the tobacco industry targeted the legislation concerned advertising claims that its trade marks did not unduly promote smoking (for instance an advertising campaign claiming that only a 'Nanny State' would deprive people of freedom of choice) and use of investor state provisions to seek damages against the Australian government. This chapter explores the hypothesis that those initiating Australian plain packaging legislation may not have learnt important lessons from related proposals in other jurisdictions. Amongst those lessons and emphasized here, is the need to implement plain packaging legislation within a broader regulatory framework. It is argued that such a framework should include a mechanism for uncovering and claiming damages against tobacco industry false claims, as well as restrictions upon use of investor state dispute resolution mechanisms in trade agreements. It sets out some proposals that might be incorporated in subsequent amendments of the Australian anti-smoking legislative scheme to effectively aid the plain-packaging requirements from achieving their primary goal, which is the substantial reduction of cigarette smoking in Australia.


Sixty accessions of taro ( Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott.), collected from the three South Indian states were analyzed using nine Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers at Central Tuber Crops Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. The results obtained were utilized for assessing the extent and pattern of intraspecific variation within the species complex. Out of the nine primers, four proved to be highly informative as they could detect high levels of polymorphic fragments and were able to differentiate the accessions. The phylogenetic tree generated using UPGMA cluster analysis revealed that genetic diversity in taro was correlated with the wild and the cultivated forms. The accessions were separated into five major clusters. Out of the five clusters obtained in the dendrogram at 40% level of similarity coefficient, cluster I and cluster II included mainly cultivars. Cluster IV included almost exclusively wild accessions, majority of them being true wild ones with frequent flowering and significant stolon production. The primers were able to distinguish between diploids/triploids accessions. The diploid (clusters I, II, III and IV) and triploid (cluster V) group of accessions tended to form independent clusters and this may be suggestive of agro-ecological and sexual separation between them. These primers will be useful for future genetic analysis and provide taro breeders with a genetic basis for selection of parents for crop improvement programmes.


Sprawl has been the predominant form of growth in the United States for the past 50 years. A milestone study for the Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) developed measures to assess the costs and benefits of low-density sprawl compared with more compact, centrally oriented development in terms of land use, infrastructure, housing, and public services. The findings favor a managed growth approach. This article presents some of the study findings, which can be found in their entirety in TCRP Report 74.


The vibrational spectroscopy of the four hydrogen/deuterium isotopomers of nitromethane was investigated. Infrared, Raman, and coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS) of the isotopomers were used to determine vibrational frequencies for each isotopomer. Results for the d{sub 0}, d{sub 2}, and d{sub 3} isotopomers agree well with literature values. Gas- and liquid-phase spectra for the d{sub 1} isotopomer are presented, and the measured vibrational frequencies compare well with a theoretical prediction. In addition, high-resolution Raman spectra of the CN stretch mode were used to analyze the elements of the anharmonic coupling matrix involving this mode. Finally, the relative differential Raman scattering cross section of the Cn stretch mode of each isotopomer was determined.


Distributed generation is one of the most important topics in the development of smart grid. Reasonable location and capacity for distributed generation is of great significance to distribution network planning. This paper analyzes the specific influence of distributed generation on distribution network. Aimed at safety first,cost lowest,network loss least and minimum voltage deviation,the comprehensive target model is put forward and the genetic algorithm is adopted to improve the location and capacity analysis. Finally the IEEE9 distribution network is analyzed to verify the feasibility and practicability of the proposed genetic algorithm in the optimal location and capacity.


Purpose

This study aims to design an ideal magnetorheological (MR) brake that exerts negligible frictional torque in the off-state condition and controllable frictional torque in the on-state condition.

Design/methodology/approach

Silicone-based MR fluid, containing 9 per cent volume carbonyl iron particles, has been synthesized and used. The synthesized MR fluid is advantageous in maintaining low friction losses in off-state conditions. A magneto-rheometer has been utilized to characterize the off-state viscosity of the MR fluid at variable shear rates and shear stress of MR fluids at various magnetic fields. A mechanism to enhance the braking torque in the on-state condition has been designed and developed. An experimental test rig has been developed to capture the torque characteristics of the developed MR brakes. Three different designs of MR discs have been experimented under a magnetic field varying from 0 to 375 kA/m. Experimental results of braking torque under shear and compression modes have been presented.

Findings

Slotted disc MR brake gives much better torque performance.

Originality/value

The braking torque results motivate to use the slotted disc MR brake for high torque application.


The complexity of reasoning in fuzzy description logics (DLs) over finite lattices usually does not exceed that of the underlying classical DLs. This has recently been shown for the logics between L-IALC and L-ISCHI using a combination of automata- and tableau-based techniques. In this report, this approach is modified to deal with nominals and constants in L-ISCHOI. Reasoning w.r.t. general TBoxes is ExpTime-complete, and PSpace-completeness is shown under the restriction to acyclic terminologies in two sublogics. The latter implies two previously unknown complexity results for the classical DLs ALCHO and SO.


There are two inherent observations: firstly, masses of nucleons are fundamental constants, i.e., they are the same universally (inside and outside the nucleus in all cases); and secondly, nuclei possess Binding Energy (BE) (Δmc?) owing to a mass defect. To explain these observations, in the case of the deuteron (BE = 2.2244 MeV), the mass defect of nucleons must be 0.002388 amu or about 0.118 54% of the mass of nucleons, i.e., nucleons must be lighter in the nucleus. This is not experimentally justified. If the generalised equation ΔE = Ac?Δm is applied, then it explains both observations simultaneously, i.e., the equality of masses of nuclei (assuming an infinitesimally small mass defect) and the BE. According to ΔE = Ac?Δm, even with an infinitesimally small mass defect (2.388 ? 10−4 amu, for example), the BE of the deuteron can be 2.2244 MeV owing to the presence of the conversion factor A.


The effect on the heats of adsorption of tetrahydrofuran of the progressive dehydroxylation of a wide-pore aerosilogel has been studied. Three distinct mechanisms of adsorption were observed: non-specific adsorption, characterized by differential heats of adsorption Q∼9 kcal mole–1, occurred on siloxane (Si—O—Si) groups (formed as the major product of dehydroxlyation) and in 2nd layer adsorption; specific molecular adsorption (Q∼15 kcal mole–1) occurred on surface hydroxyl groups; on samples outgassed at high temperatures (800–1100°C), adsorption centres showing a high affinity for tetrahydrofuran (Q∼40 kcal mole–1) were found. These are associated with loss of isolated hydroxyl groups from the surface without sintering, the maximum growth in their number occurring on outgassing between 900 and 1000°.
 Adsorbed water molecules, although having differential heats of adsorption on these centres, considerably higher than those on hydroxylated silica surfaces, apparently did not poison these centres to any great extent.


In Hong Kong, the development plan has received scant attention despite its importance as a mechanism in understanding the planning practice. The role and nature of development plans in development control has ever been satisfactorily explored. Against this background, it is the aim of this paper to review both the western and local literature on development plans so as to uncover the gap of knowledge as well as to highlight a new research agenda for town planning in Hong Kong. As reflected in the literature review, our conventional conception of development plans as end products of the planning process has restricted our articulation of the roles of development plans in practice. As we are moving towards a diverse and complex society, there is a need to redefine our conception and to redirect our research focus on development plan-making and implementation in Hong Kong. Three main research directions are proposed. Firstly, future research should adopt a disaggregate perspective which pays particular attention to the contextual variations in the use of development plans in practice. Secondly, the development plan should be treated as "part of the planning process" rather than the "end product" in planning. Thirdly, our conception of development plans should be re-directed from a politically-neutral document to a social construct with key roles in the planning process. In sum, it is hoped that this comprehensive literature review will act as the backdrop for a betterinformed analysis of development plans in Hong Kong.


the workplace. Is this pre-political resistance in principle different from the addictions and disintegrating personal life that characterizes classes at other altitudes? Feenberg is confident that the 'class specific rationality' of the worker is capable of overpowering the counterforces of reification, the malaise that depoliticizes public life and sends us in droves into private living. By neglecting the importance of economic crisis, Feenberg moves too easily from acts of consciousness to acts of revolution. 'When this creative activity [of workers] finally becomes conscious, it will be possible for human beings to make a servant of culture instead of themselves serving an alienated cultural order that dehumanizes and destroys its creators' (p. 200). Unfortunately, the antinomies of proletarian consciousness-which lead them to alternately identify with and


Growing interest in preventing and addressing sex trafficking has led to an increase in the development and implementation of sex trafficking educational programing for youth. We conducted a nation...


Objective To investigate the status of community hypertension patients monitoring blood pressure by themselves and provide data for nursing staff instructing the patients to monitor blood pressure themselves correctly.Methods Questionnaires designed by ourselves,are used to investigate the behavior status of 100 patients monitoring blood pressure by themselves.Results The total point gained by the attitudes of the community hypertension patients monitoring blood pressure by themselves is 8.48±1.56,whereas the maximum point is 10 and the minimum point is 3,a few of hypertentension patients lack the consciousness of monitoring blood pressure by themselves.Total point gained by the behaviors of the community hypertension patients monitoring blood pressure by themselves is 8.15±3.54,whereas the maximum point is 15 and the minimum point is 2,a lot of hypertentension patients can't monitor blood pressure correctly.Conclusion The community hypertension patients lack appropriate behavior and strong consciousness of monitoring blood pressure by themselves,in order to control the blood pressure better,healthy educations should be adopted by the medical staffs to improve the correct ratio of monitoring blood pressure.


In this paper, we investigate the Martin boundary of a graded graph $\mathcal{Z}$ whose paths represent coherent sequences of permutations. This graph was introduced by Viennot and its boundary studied by Gnedin and Olshanski. We prove that the Martin boundary of this graph coincides with its minimal boundary. Then we relate paths on this graph with paths on the Young graph, and finally give a central limit theorem for the Plancherel measure on the paths of $\mathcal{Z}$.


In order to obtain the abrasion condition of the internal guide device of denitration system reactor intuitively, based on the particle missing model and takeoff wear model, the gas-solid two-phase flow field in SCR reactor is simulated by ANSYS-CFX calculation software, and the fly ash movement track and wear rate distribution of guide plate are visualized. The simulation results show that through the combination of particle missing model and Tabakoff wear model with CFX software, we can directly see the general wear distribution of the guide device in the flue. The wear rate distribution is mainly affected by the particle size of fly ash, and the wear rate value is mainly affected by the mass concentration. By verifying the field flow field test data and checking the wear and ash accumulation of the guide plate, the technical effectiveness is verified, which provides a technical means for the guide device to prevent wear and blockage.


The utilitarian transformation is like a double-edged sword,has both positive and negative points in the value existence,in concrete transformation work,many jail police pursue directly its positive value with this method,its negative value is incapable impediment.Therefore,it is the idea and outlet to take measures correctly on the relations,classify the scientific criminals,give the criminals possible work project,and correct the individualizing.


. In recent years, fractional di(cid:11)erential equations have been extensively applied to model various complex dynamic systems. The studies on highly accurate and e(cid:14)cient numerical methods for fractional di(cid:11)erential equations have become necessary. In this paper, an e(cid:11)ective recurrence algorithm for computing both the fractional Riemann-Liouville and Caputo derivatives is proposed, and then spectral collocation methods based on the algorithm are investigated for solving fractional di(cid:11)erential equations. By the recurrence method, the numerical stability with respect to N , the number of collocation points, can be improved remarkably in comparison with direct algorithm. Its robustness ensures that a highly accurate spectral collocation method can be applied widely to various fractional di(cid:11)erential equations.


Optimal problem of general piece goods arranged in groups in a few railway wagons is NP-hard problem. And when traditional optimization method is used to resolve it, a time-dimensional disaster problem will emerge along with broad scale. Subject of this paper is that a optimal problem of general piece goods arranged in groups in a few railway wagons could be resolved by genetic algorithm, and reasonable coding insuring its validity during inheritance combined with first load and evaluation function combined with volume and gravity are used to make it effective and feasible.


The paper describes the Bulgarian Event Corpus (BEC). The annotation scheme is based on CIDOC-CRM ontology and on the English Framenet, adjusted for our task. It includes two main layers: named entities and events with their roles. The corpus is multi-domain and mainly oriented towards Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH). It will be used for: extracting knowledge and making it available through the Bulgaria-centric Knowledge Graph; further developing an annotation scheme that handles multiple domains in SSH; training automatic modules for the most important knowledge-based tasks, such as domain-specific and nested NER, NEL, event detection and profiling. Initial experiments were conducted on standard NER task due to complexity of the dataset and the rich NE annotation scheme. The results are promising with respect to some labels and give insights on handling better other ones. These experiments serve also as error detection modules that would help us in scheme re-design. They are a basis for further and more complex tasks, such as nested NER, NEL and event detection.


Recent advances in applications of Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) for control and communication in more complex systems have demonstrated their potential for the augmentation of human cognition. This paper aims to develop a BrainComputer Interface application capable of monitoring the focus level of a user in real time and produce a binarized output signal based on such electrophysiological activity to show that a real-time, low-cost BCI can be implemented in industrialized settings. This can be achieved by applying a signal processing stage consisting of a DC offset subtraction layer, a bandpass filter bank and a number of thresholds tuned for each individual user. Experiments performed showed that while it is possible to monitor the desired neurological features, a number of undesired artifacts present at all times in brain signals make online analysis especially challenging.


The article highlights the problem of inconsistency of legislative provisions on careless forms of guilt,which are contained in the General Part of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, to the constructive peculiarity ofcriminal offenses that are provided by the Special Part of this Code.The author draws attention to the problem which emerged due to the future transfer of a significantnumber of criminal offenses from the Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses to the book of criminaloffenses of the new Criminal Code of Ukraine. The vast majority of these offenses are constructed so as tohave a formal composition, to wit the consequences outside it. At the same time, the construction of acareless form of guilt and its varieties, recklessness and negligence, the normative models of which arecontained in the General Part of the draft Criminal Code of Ukraine, provides for a mental attitude to theconsequences.It is substantiated that the developers of the draft of the new Criminal Code of Ukraine will have todecide on one of the two directions of the system: either to completely abandon the criminalization ofinconsequent carelessness, leaving the legislative concept of carelessness covering only criminal offenseswith material composition, or to agree with the idea of presence of the inconsequent carelessness within theinstitute of criminal offense.Future problems with determining the form of guilt of criminal offenses are shown, if among theprovisions of the General Part of the projected Criminal Code of Ukraine there is a provision on the limitedpunishment of a careless behavior.The principle of constructing norms on criminal liability for careless acts is proposed, according towhich resultative careless delicts should be provided in the book of crimes, and careless offenses with aformal composition should be misdemeanors.In order to properly cover the provisions of the General Part of the future Criminal Code of Ukraine onthe carelessness of all constructive types of careless offenses, the author proposes to provide two types ofcareless form of guilt: resultative carelessness and inconsequent carelessness.Theoretical modeling of the relevant criminal law norms has been carried out, which will consolidate theinconsequent carelessness and its varieties.


This chapter discusses hints of habitat change found in documents surviving in a book of charters, the cartulary of the medieval hospital at Arles of Saint-Thomas of la Trinquetaille. La Trinquetaille was part of the system of commanderies and dependencies of the great Hospitaller commandery at nearby Saint-Gilles. Like many hospitals founded for local charitable purposes, for the care of the poor, pilgrims, lepers or for other reasons, la Trinquetaille became engulfed by the movement associated with the Hospital in Jerusalem and its support for the Crusades in the Levant. The la Trinquetaille cartulary contains several lists of annual rents payable to that hospital, two of which mention payments of eels. The changes in the Mediterranean shoreline around the Rhone delta in this period, which probably explain the rise, of Montpellier as a major city where no Roman city had ever existed, provided new opportunities for agricultural and pastoral enterprises. Keywords: Arles; eels at la Trinquetaille; Rhone river; saint-Gilles; saint-Thomas


Diabetic striatopathy is a rare clinico-radiological phenomenon characterized by hemichorea/hemiballismus, hyperglycemia, hyperosmolarity in the absence of ketoacidosis. It is due to lesion in contralateral basal ganglia which is evident as T1 hyperintensity in MRI brain study. Here we are reporting a case of hemichorea /hemiballismus which was associated with hyperglycemia. Our patient improved significantly once blood glucose was controlled adequately. As it carries good prognosis, we are reporting this rare case to illustrate the importance of recognition of this rare syndrome.


New developments of spintronics, including optical injection,relaxation and detection of spin polarization are briefly reviewed. Related subjects such as spin Hall effect (SHE) and pure spin current are also introduced.


We investigate the impact of incorporating realistic In profiles in simulations of c-plane InGaN/GaN light-emitting diodes. Simulations based on a drift-diffusion model typically overestimate the onset voltage, but have usually been based on the assumption of ideal quantum wells with a square In profile. We demonstrate that more realistic profiles lead to significant modifications of current-density-versus-voltage characteristics, and explain the effects based on changes in the band diagram and carrier overlap.


With the establishment of several construction applications of FRP reinforcement, there is a need for a system to resist lateral loads induced from wind and earthquake loads in these constructions. Reinforced concrete shear walls have shown effective performance in resisting lateral loads caused by wind and earthquake loads. Therefore, shear walls are frequently used in parking garages and multi-story buildings exposed to high lateral loading. This research involved testing a shear wall totally reinforced with FRP bars. Early information showed the inapplicability of reinforcing shear walls with FRP, but after overcoming the difficulties encountered, the results showed an opposite conclusion. The results obtained demonstrated significantly high utilization levels of the shear wall reinforced with FRP in term of drift, deformability, and failure mode. The large scale shear wall experiment was carried out to examine the strength, stiffness and deformability by observing the degradation in stiffness and strength while resisting in plane reversed loading, and to measure the energy dissipation of the system accounting for the deformability of the shear wall. The shear wall specimen was in the medium-rise wall category where both flexural and shear deformations exist. The specimen was totally reinforced with glass FRP bars to resist flexure, shear, and sliding shear deformations.


ans (the CFI defrays part of the expenses); and (b) grants to librarians from Frenchspeaking developing countries (the CFI tries to cover all expenses and at least registration, travel and housing costs). All grant recipients submit a written report. This joint report has been compiled from the original reports of grantees who attended the 67&dquo;' IFLA Conference, Boston, USA, 2002. It is also published on the CFI website (www.ctitla.asso.fr).


This paper presents a high-throughput area-efficient decoder design for the irregular Quasi-Cyclic (QC) Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes. Two new techniques are proposed , including parallel layered decoding architecture (PLDA) and critical path splitting. PLDA enables parallel processing for all layers by establishing dedicated message passing paths among them . The decoder avoids crossbar-based large interconnect netw ork. Critical path splitting technique is based on articulate adjustment of the starting point of each layer to maximize the time intervals between adjacent layers, such that the critical path delay c an be split into pipelined stages. Furthermore, min-sum and losely coupled algorithms are employed to reduce chip area, and ear ly termination technique is applied to adjust the iterations.A rate1/2 2304-bit irregular LDPC decoder for 802.16e standard is implemented using ASIC design in 90nm CMOS process. The decoder can achieve the maximum throughput of 2.2Gbps at 10 iterations. The operating frequency is 950MHz and the chip area is only about 2.9mm.


In order to overcome the narrow visual field of binocular vision and the low precision of monocular vision, a binocular biomimetic eye platform with 4 rotational degrees of freedom is designed based on the structural characteristics of human eyes, so that the robot can achieve human-like environment perception with binocular stereo vision and monocular motion vision. Initial location and parameters calibration of the biomimetic eye platform are accomplished based on the vision alignment strategy and hand-eye calibration. The methods of binocular stereo perception and monocular motion stereo perception are given based on the dynamically changing external parameters. The former perceives the 3D information through the two images obtained by two cameras in real-time and their relative posture, and the latter perceives the 3D information by synthesize multiple images obtained by one camera and its corresponding postures at multiple adjacent moments.Experimental results shows that the relative perception accuracy of binocular vision is 0.38% and the relative perception accuracy of monocular motion vision is 0.82%. In conclusion, the method proposed can broaden the field of binocular vision,and ensure the accuracy of binocular perception and monocular motion perception.


The first edition of this book was favourably reviewed in Phlebology 1989,213. It is a soft-cover pocket book by Swiss authors, written in clear and easy-to-read French. The subject is Phlebology in summarized form. It is an indication of the progress of Phlebology that after just 2 years a new edition is necessary to bring it up to date. It is also an indication of the success of this book that it is now published in Italian and Spanish and that German and English editions are contemplated. Nearly every chapter has been updated and the references reviewed and usually increased. The chapters on non-invasive investigations and the chapter on bandaging and support stockings have been comprehensively re-written in the light of the latest developments. The index is now much fuller, which adds to the value of this excellent, well-balanced, objective and clear little book.


Human being is the main part of social development. The improvement of human quality is the key to the realization of sustainable develoment. At present in China, human quality, including ideological and moral quality, scientific and cultural quality, professional skill and modern thinking mode, is at a comparatively low level, which is difficult to meet the requirements of social sustainable development. So we must take all kinds of feasible measures to improve human quality in an allround way and speed up socialist modernization. \ \


Distortion analysis on the class-D power amplifiers by Bennett method is presented. The feasible scheme of reducing distortion using negative feedback is also discussed. A 10-W amplifier is taken as an example and the analysis of simulation result shows that THD is within the range of 0.03-0.6%,and the efficiency approximately reaches 89%.


The adsorption of a dye to a metal oxide surface such as TiO2, NiO and ZnO leads to deprotonation and often undesirable aggregation of dye molecules, which in turn impacts the photophysical properties of the dye. While controlled aggregation is useful for some applications, it can result in lower performance for dye-sensitized solar cells. To understand this phenomenon better, we have conducted an extensive search of the literature and identified over 4000 records of absorption spectra in solution and after adsorption onto metal oxide. The total data set comprises over 3500 unique compounds, with observed absorption maxima in solution and after adsorption on the semiconductor electrode. This data may serve to provide further insight into the structure-property relationships governing dye-aggregation behaviour.


Pregnancy for women who use substances has sometimes been referred to as a "window of opportunity" for lifestyle change. In this article, the aim is to analyze professional accounts of the transition of substance-using pregnant women into parenthood. Focus groups were carried out with professionals working at specialized maternity care units in Sweden. The analysis is guided by the discursive psychological concept of "ideological dilemma" and focuses on contradictory elements of commonsense-making in the participants' discussions. The results suggest that professionals articulate two, partly contradictory, ideals: on the one hand, "believing in the patient" and, on the other, "being realistic." In their descriptions of their work with patients, professionals emphasize the significance of adjusting the self-image of the patients and increasing their awareness of their "abuse" problems in order to prevent future clashes between high expectations and reality. At the same time, they also underline that interacting with and treating those patients with the most serious problems as individuals with unforeseen strengths and resources is a matter of professional duty.


In this paper we looked for the most suitable method for benthic ecological quality status (EcoQS) assessment of the North-western Adriatic Sea. Taking into account the historical and present information, we inter-compared our expectations in terms of EcoQS, with the Bentix, AMBI and M-AMBI classification metrics results, and investigated the sensitivity of these indices to the spatial, seasonal and inter-annual variability of benthic communities. The sampling sites were located at increasing distances with respect to the Po River mouth, along an (inverse) gradient of eutrophication. Moreover, a 2-year monthly monitoring plan (October 2004–September 2006) was carried out at the CEBEB site, located in a central position with respect to the investigated area. The results highlighted that the three indices differed in the sensitivity to spatial and temporal variability of the benthic communities. The strong seasonal and inter-annual changes in the benthic communities had a significant effect on the Bentix, whereas no relevant modifications were observed on the EcoQS assignation obtained using the M-AMBI and AMBI methods. The environmental quality ratios (EQR) values and EcoQS classification obtained by the Bentix and AMBI did not match expectations, as they were not inversely correlated with the site distances with respect to the Po mouth, whereas the M-AMBI clearly discriminated the most and the least eutrophicated sites. It thus appears that the M-AMBI could be considered to be the most valuable method for the ecological-status assessment of the North-western Adriatic Sea benthic ecosystem.


This paper presents the history of the Winter Simulation Conference (WSC) for the time period covering 1983–1992. This was a healthy era of growth for WSC as conference attendance was strong, exhibits were added, proceedings became hardback, program tracks were added, the Ph.D. Colloquium was initiated, and the Twenty-Fifth Anniversary of WSC was celebrated in 1992. This article discusses all of the accomplishments for this "Coming-of-Age Period".


The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a conserved mechanism by which cells cope with endogenous threats result in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Our laboratory has shown that HLA-B27, a human MHC-encoded class I molecule, has a tendency to misfold and accumulate in the ER resulting in UPR activation. HLA-B27 is highly associated with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and other spondyloarthropathies. Despite long-standing recognition of a striking relationship between HLA-B27 and spondyloarthritis, the mechanism of disease remains unclear. Results from our laboratory have revealed that IL-17 production is increased in HLA-B27 transgenic rats that serve as a spondyloarthritis model. In these rats it is known that CD4 T cells are critical for pathogenesis while CD8 T cells are dispensable, and that IL-17-producing T cells are increased in the colon tissue. Based on these results, and evidence that IL-17 production can be driven by IL-23, we focused on the question of whether macrophages exhibiting UPR activation produce elevated levels of


The Stability functions of numerical integrators for the solution of initial value problems (ivps) in Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) are of paramount interest as it helps to determine the suitability of the method for obtaining the solutions required. In this paper we analyze the stability functions of two new integrators of order three and four we derived. Our results shows that they are both A – stable and L – stable and hence can cope effectively with stiff problems. Keywords : Rational Integrator, Stability, Cartesian Coordinates, Initial Value Problems.


Word2Vec is a popular algorithm used for generating dense vector representations of words in large corpora using unsupervised learning. The resulting vectors have been shown to capture semantic relationships between the corresponding words and are used extensively for many downstream natural language processing (NLP) tasks like sentiment analysis, named entity recognition and machine translation. Most open-source implementations of the algorithm have been parallelized for multi-core CPU architectures including the original C implementation by Mikolov et al. [1] and FastText [2] by Facebook. A few other implementations have attempted to leverage GPU parallelization but at the cost of accuracy and scalability. In this work, we present BlazingText, a highly optimized implementation of word2vec in CUDA, that can leverage multiple GPUs for training. BlazingText can achieve a training speed of up to 43M words/sec on 8 GPUs, which is a 9x speedup over 8-threaded CPU implementations, with minimal effect on the quality of the embeddings.


This study was performed to investigate the optimum condition of protease production from submerged culture of oak mushroom (Lentinula edodes, Sanlim No. 5) and its enzymatic features. Among several combinations of media, the combination of wheat bran, corn flour, water and corn oil (WB+CF+W+ CO) yielded 84.8 U/g of maximum protease activity. This combination of ingredients, in spite of not being particularly protein-rich in comparison to the other media, allowed for good growth of the fungus and maximal protease production. Comparison of different growth medium liquids indicated that demineralized water afforded the best growth of the fungus and the highest protease activity. Acetate buffer and acidified water negatively affected The protease production peaked around 72 hr of incubation, and decreased thereafter. The molecular weights of produced protease were about 45,000 by Sephadex G•75 chromatography. The pH optimum for protease activity was 4, while maximal activity incubated at 37 for 1 hr was observed between pH 4-6. The optimum temperature of this protease was 55, and the enzyme was active over a broad temperature range (30-60), indicating that this protease would be suitable for a wide range of applications where. different pH and temperature are necessary, such as digestive aids, food industry, beer and tannery industries.


A simulation code of coupled cavities named PPSC is developed by the solutions of the microwave equivalent circuit equation. It can give the pass band performance of periodic or non-periodic coupled cavity chain, such as the dispersion frequencies and the reflection factor of the cavity, the field distribution of each mode and so on. The natural parameters of the cavity chain, such as the number of the cavities, the resonant frequencies and Qfactors of each cavity, the coupling factor between two cavities and the locations of the couplers, can be changed easily to see the different results of the simulation. The code is written based on MS Visual Basic under MS windows and a user-friendly interface is made. Some simple examples were simulated and gave reliable results.


A sunken ship often involves an oil spill. This paper was carried out to minimize environmental and cost damages stemming from oil spil of sunken shipl. Through the analysis of both the standards of the oil tank system and installation, we have identified potential oil spill sites and proposed a remedy of prevention. The result of study, the air pipes of the oil tank are a vulnerable point for oil spill. Also, the remote control devices of emergency shut-off valve have poor accessibility at abandon ship, making it difficult to shut off the emergency shut-off valve. Thus, we propose the addition of a remote quick closing valve in the air pipe and the building of a central control system.


The productivity slowdown across industrialised countries since around 2004 is a topic of much interest to academic researchers and policy makers alike. As we search for explanations for the slowdown, it is useful to consider what the performance has been at the industry level. This article provides some evidence and perspectives from official Australian industry-level data. While industries have experienced different productivity growth profiles since 1989-90, they all experienced a slowdown after 2003-04. A rise in inefficiency may be one source of this slowdown. Some suggestions for future research directions that may provide a deeper understanding of productivity growth are suggested, in the spirit of a slowdown being too valuable to waste.


The lower percentage of viral hepatitis in aged compared with young people was confirmed in a study of 1,335 cases of this disease. However, when referred to the total population in related age groups


Perforator-pedicled propeller flaps, which base their blood supply on isolated perforators, have been gaining popularity among plastic surgeons over the past two decades. They have proven to be of great value in the reconstruction of soft tissue defects in different areas of the body but are, thanks to their maximal mobility, mostly used in the reconstruction of extremities. In this article, we focus on perforator-pedicled propeller flaps in lower limb reconstruction, where they can be implemented in the coverage of primary as well as secondary soft tissue defects. Firstly, a brief literature review on evolution of propeller flap use in lower extremity is provided. Moreover, we present our surgical technique including the use of indocyanine green real-time angiography for reliable flap transfer. In addition, we report 3 cases of patients in whom we used a local propeller flap for the closure of skin defects in different parts of the leg.


The present invention relates to the use of high-privilege process to install software remotely. Software under normal circumstances would not otherwise be able to be installed on the machine by remote procedure to install the high privilege installer is running on the machine. Receiving a request for use of the high privilege installer to install the software on the machine remote from the machine. The high privilege installer to determine the requested remote software when installed. For example, the high privilege installer can install the monitor queue to install the software. When there is an entry (entry) in the installation queue, the high privilege installer is used to install the software. When there is no entry in the queue is mounted, the high privilege installer may sleep until more is identified as software to be installed.


ABSTRACT The international trend to develop inclusive systems, has resulted in pressure on national governments to develop policies that promote quality education for all. In 2017–18 Portugal has adopted progressive educational policies with regards to inclusive education, that attempt to reconcile school values, curriculum and pedagogies. This article critically analyses changes proposed by this wave of educational policy reform and establishes the need for a strong continuous professional development of mainstream teachers to support them to develop as reflexive and inclusive practitioners. The analysis applies two models of change to examine the 'policy ecology' and consider the initiatives used to enact change in Portuguese schools. The policies have prioritised the development of schools in which all students are welcome, able to participate and succeed. While this wave of policy reform has relied both on formal and non-formal forms of teacher education, there is a danger of superficial approaches that may not support teachers in the process of change.


The present study addresses how English expressions produced by Korean native speakers are close to common expressions used by English native speakers. To this end, this article provides a quantitative study of the Yonsei English Learner Corpus using a skill set derived from computational linguistics. The focus of the current work is on a language model of English texts written by Korean university students. A language model refers to a collection of logarithmic N-grams described in the ARPA format, and this model serves to discriminate native-like sentences from awkward sentences. The present study compares a language model acquired from an L2 corpus to the other language models acquired from two L1 corpora in English: namely, English Gigaword and Europarl. The present study utilizes Genia Sentence Splitter to separate the sentences and SRILM to create the language models in a computationally tractable way. On the one hand, a deep analysis of N-grams is presented. This analysis consists of two subtasks. First, the N-grams are tallied and evaluated using common metrics of computational linguistics. Second, as an evaluation of the language model, the perplexity of each language model is measured and compared to a reference point drawn from five test data sources. On the other hand, an analysis of linear regression is made so as to detect the patterns of overused and underused expressions in English texts written by Korean speakers.


The article analyzes the longitude-sector differentiation of the hypoarctic butterfly fauna. The authors estimate the species richness of the Papilionoidea superfamily in the hypoarctic zone for 120-130 native species. The richness of native species in the butterfly faunas of particular geographical sectors is about twice as less and relatively stable in the circumpolar perspective from Fennoscandia to Labrador. But, the species composition, geographical and landscape-zonal structure of regional butterfly faunas undergo serious changes. The Beringian species complex is highly specific and consists mainly of montane and arctic-montane species whose distribution is limited by the East Asian and West American sectors. The distribution analysis of species allowed us to conclude that the hypoarctic butterfly fauna is very heterogeneous. The zoogeographic unity of the Hypoarctic is not clearly manifested on the example of butterflies.


Anterograde projections of a telencephalic auditory area – field L of the neostriatum – were traced in canaries, Serinus canarius. Field L was defined as the neostriatal projection of nucleus ovoidalis of the thalamus. Using amino acid autoradiography, two efferent projections of field L and adjacent neostriatum were observed: (1) a projection to the medial and ventral borders of nucleus hyperstriatum ventrale, pars caudale (HVc) and (2) a smaller projection to medial paleostriatum augmentatu (PA). When autoradiographic injection sites included neostriatum postero‐ventral to field L, a projection to archistriatum outlining the anterior and ventral borders of the nucleus robustus archistriatalis (RA) resulted. Injection sites that included neostriatum antero‐lateral to "L" gave rise to projections to the interior of HVc proper. Above background numbers of silver grains were consistently observed over caudal dorso‐lateral portions of nucleus ovoidalis. Following lesion of field L and adjacent neostriatum, argyrophilic degeneration was traced to medial PA and to a shelf of neostriatum underlying HVc. All observed anterograde projections were ipsilateral.


Simple Summary Fresh pork quality is an important discriminator for consumers making purchasing decisions. As such, this issue deserves significant attention from all sectors of the swine industry. Development of pork quality is a complex process predicated largely on the metabolism that occurs in the muscle after death. Mechanisms driving this biochemistry are not well established but are sensitive to pig genetic line and postmortem handling procedures. We attempted to unravel some of these processes by subjecting three different breeds of pigs to electrical stimulation postmortem in an effort to simulate adverse handling events after stunning. We then described the muscle characteristics of these lines and monitored metabolite accumulation in the tissue over 24 h and related it to ultimate pork quality. Differences in myosin heavy chain (MyHC) and metabolism were detected across genetic lines, but pork quality was generally unaffected. These data show different genetic lines can impact postmortem metabolism but a greater understanding of mechanisms controlling the transformation of muscle to meat is necessary before we can select for tissue parameters to improve fresh pork quality development and consistency. Abstract Variations in postmortem metabolism in muscle impact pork quality development. Curiously, some genetic lines are more refractile to adverse pork quality development than others and may regulate energy metabolism differently. The aim of this study was to challenge pork carcasses from different genetic populations with electrical stimulation (ES) to determine how postmortem metabolism varies with genetic line and explore control points that reside in glycolysis in dying muscle. Three genetic populations (GP) were subjected to ES (100 V or 200 V, 13 pulses, 2 s on/2 s off) at 15- or 25-min post-exsanguination, or no stimulation (NS). Genetic population affected relative muscle relative abundance of different myosin heavy chains, glycogen, G6P, and lactate concentrations. Genetic lines responded similarly to ES, but a comparison of ES treatment groups revealed a trend for an interaction between voltage, time of ES, and time postmortem. Higher voltage accelerated pH decline at 20 min up to 60 min postmortem. Trends in color and firmness scores and L* values were consistent with pH and metabolite data. These data show that genetic populations respond differently to postmortem perturbation by altering glycolytic flux and suggest differences in postmortem glycolysis may be partially responsible for differences in meat quality between genetic populations, though not entirely.


Naval fleet deployment is studied and a multi-objective model is proposed. The object is to minimize the total quantity of naval ship and maximize the combination quality for all cooperative equipments of the naval fleet. After the model is translated into a single objective, a genetic algorithm with the taboo of mutation is developed. This idea is enlightened by the algorithm of taboo search. The computational results show that the presented algorithm is very effective.


The current study compares longitudinal changes of raw and normalized vowel space in 22 children with cerebral palsy in four different severity groups and over four time sampling points spanning a total of 18 months. 13 children had a clinical diagnosis of dysarthria and 9 children had CP, but no diagnosed speech disorders. The average chronological age of children at the first time sampling point was 50 months (SD= 9.8). Severity was operationally defined by orthographic transcription‐based word intelligibility scores obtained from 176 listeners. Nearey's normalization formula was employed to calculate normalized vowel space. Results showed both similarities and differences in longitudinal change patterns of raw and normalized vowel space in children with cerebral palsy. The difference between the two vowel space measures was most noticeable in children without speech disorders. Results will be discussed in terms of application and interpretation of normalization procedures in longitudinal vowel space da...


This is one of the first books in English on the great Danish thinker, Soren Kierkegaard. It is safe to say it will not be the last; both because of certain inadequacies in the treatment, and also because a genius who belongs to humanity and the ages through his endowment, and constitutes an extraordinary spiritual power through his dedication of himself to an ideal task, cannot but become and remain the focus of discussion and influence. As the intensive prosecution of Kierkegaard studies in Germany bears witness, following upon the publication of readable translations of his chief works, the literary movement that Mr. Allen has the honor of launching herewith is bound to develop.


Optical soliton solutions in a magneto-optical waveguide and other exact solutions are investigated for the coupled system of the nonlinear Biswas–Milovic equation with Kudryashov's law using the extended F-expansion method. Various types of solutions are extracted, such as dark soliton solutions, singular soliton solutions, a dark–singular combo soliton, singular combo soliton solutions, Jacobi elliptic solutions, periodic solutions, combo periodic solutions, hyperbolic solutions, rational solutions, exponential solutions and Weierstrass solutions. The obtained different types of wave solutions help in obtaining nonlinear optical fibers in the future. Furthermore, some selected solutions are described graphically to demonstrate the physical nature of the obtained solutions. The results show that the current method gives effectual and direct mathematical tools for resolving the nonlinear problems in the field of nonlinear wave equations.


Influence of the bryophyte cover on water and temperature regimes of technogenic substrates of the rock dumps was investigated. It was established that moisture content in the substrate under the moss turf increased and the temperature mostly decreased compared with the technogenic soil without moss cover in summer. Water regime of substrate on the studied areas depended on position on the dump and higher degree of overgrowing by vascular plants. It is noted that under the impact of the negative factors of transformed environment (of high temperature and high light intensity, moisture deficiency) phenolic compounds, free proline and soluble sugars content in moss gametophyte increased. In the changing conditions of existence protection mechanisms of mosses implemented primarily through active synthesis of free proline and phenols. The number of carbohydrates in plant tissue changed with little difference: probably, their action was offset by other biologically active connections (for example, free proline). Iminoacid content in plants Ceratodon purpureus depended both on the water and temperature regime in substrate and other abiotic stress factors of environment. The content of phenolic compounds was the largest on the terrace of dump Central Enrichment Factory under high temperature of technozem and significant influence of the sunlight.


Despite their size, small ponds are ecologically important and act as a habitat for many
species. For amphibians they play a significant role for reproduction given that ponds
are used as breeding sites. At present amphibian populations are decreasing worldwide
and two of the biggest threats they face are habitat destruction and habitat fragmentation.
In Sweden many small ponds have disappeared over the last centuries as an effect
of changes in the way land is utilized.
In this study multispectral, very high resolution data from the satellite Quickbird
(2.8 m pixels) was used to investigate two methods for detecting small water bodies in
the landscape. The two methods were: 1) Maximum Likelihood (ML) classification and
2) thresholding object-oriented produced segments in the NIR-band, NDVI (normalized
difference vegetation index) and NDWI (normalized difference wetness index).
The ML-classification, with 10 classes, was also carried out for all land in the examined
area. The study area was Taby municipality in the Stockholm region. None of the
methods were satisfactory, resulting in a strong overrepresentation of ponds and low
accuracy values (overall accuracy for the ML-classification: 53%) with shadows posing
the biggest problem. The object-oriented segmentation method, however, may have a
higher potential for further development and improvement than the ML-classification.
In physical planning and conservation it is important to identify dispersal zones and ecological
infrastructures. Therefore, a method for creating habitat networks for Common
toad (Bufo bufo) and Common frog (Rana temporaria) was tested using a GIS model. A
land use map was compiled and each land use class was assigned a friction value on
the basis of amphibian passability. With the tool Cost Distance in ArcGIS, migration
zones were calculated around breeding sites. Together the zones represent the habitat
network. Optimistic and pessimistic scenarios were created for the two species and the
effects of friction values and road barriers were analyzed.
The results from the GIS modelling indicated that the common toad had better opportunities
for dispersal than the common frog. Some areas were more favourable than
others but a number of weak dispersal zones were identified. Furthermore, road barriers
cut off the contact between breeding sites significantly. The magnitude of friction
values had a great impact on the total size of habitat networks and sometimes had a
crucial effect on connectivity. The model is confined to simple assumptions and variables,
hence the results should be viewed with caution and a control with reference data
is required. The study, however, shows that a ready to use tool-set in a GIS software
appear to work well for modelling amphibian habitat networks. The method used shows
the potential of using GIS as an instrument in conservation and physical planning.


A deadzone compensator is designed for nonlinear systems using a fuzzy logic (FL) controller. The classification property of FL systems makes them a natural candidate for the rejection of errors induced by the deadzone, which has regions in which it behaves differently. A tuning algorithm is given for the FL parameters so that the deadzone compensation scheme becomes adaptive, guaranteeing small tracking errors and bounded parameter estimates. A rigorous proof of stability and performance is given and a simulation example verifies excellent performance. It is seen that the extra signal produced by the adaptive FL deadzone compensator can be considered as an adaptive dithering term. ©1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


A 66-year-old female was referred to an emergency department with dizziness secondary to bradycardia. Her blood pressure was 98/55. The monitor showed a heart rate of 65 beats per minute (bpm). She had bigeminy and a palpable peripheral pulse rate of only 30-35 bpm (Figure 1). The patient otherwise had an unremarkable medical history and took no regular medications. During assessment, it was noted that she had a painful red left eye for the past 2 days, associated with nausea and vomiting. Her baseline visual acuity (VA) was 6/6 in each eye but her left VA had dropped to hand movement. Her left eye had a fixed dilated pupil with a hazy cornea, secondary to corneal oedema. On gonioscopy examination, her left iridocorneal angle was closed and the intraocular pressure (IOP) was 50 mmHg. Her right eye examination showed a narrow iridocorneal angle with peripheral anterior synechiae. She was diagnosed with left acute angle closure glaucoma (AACG) and received intravenous acetazolamide 500 mg, topical timolol 0.5%, topical brimonidine, topical pred-forte 1% and topical pilocarpine 2%. Her left IOP came down to 30 mmHg and the left eye pain improved significantly. Interestingly, her bradycardia with bigeminy spontaneously resolved post-IOP reduction (Figure 2). She was admitted to the hospital and had bilateral yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) peripheral iridotomies the following day. During her admission, she was reviewed and investigated by the cardiology team. No other explainable cause for the transient episode of bigeminy was identified. The patient was monitored for


The invention provides medical diagnostic equipment, which comprises a control unit, an internal machine case and a rack, wherein the inside of the internal machine case is hollow; the control unit is arranged in the internal machine case; the inside of the rack is hollow; and the rack is larger than the internal machine case, so that the internal machine case can be accommodated in the rack. The original control unit is individually put into the internal machine case with an independent space; the control unit can be relatively well isolated from the outside; and the internal space of the internal machine case can be dust-free. Therefore, the faults of electric leakage, short circuits and the like caused by insulation deterioration of various elements of the control unit in the internal machine case due to dust accumulation are avoided.


The Hith Formation forms the youngest lithostratigraphic unit of the Jurassic Shaqra Group. It represents the culmination of a succession of hypersaline and euryhaline cycles that characterise the Late Jurassic of Saudi Arabia. The Formation is poorly exposed in central Saudi Arabia, but it has been studied in detail in subsurface eastern Saudi Arabia where the upper carbonate member hosts an important hydrocarbon reservoir called the Manifa Reservoir. Chronostratigraphic control is absent from the formation itself, and the Tithonian age is suggested for the Hith Formation based on its stratigraphic position between the underlying Arab Formation of Late Kimmeridgian age, and the overlying Sulaiy Formation, of Late Tithonian to Berriasian age. The Hith Formation needs redefining in the light of new lithological evidence, and a tripartite member scheme is suggested. This includes the lower anhydrite-dominated member here termed the "anhydrite" member, and considered to represent hypersaline subaqueous deposition within a restricted deep lagoon during the lowstand systems tract of the Manifa sequence. A "transitional" member consists of interbedded anhydrites and carbonates and approximates with the transgressive zone. The overlying "carbonate" member represents the results of a prograding shallow, normal salinity marine succession related to the highstand systems tract. Interbedded carbonates within the evaporites are interpreted to represent superimposition of a higher frequency, possibly 4th order eustatic cyclicity. The "carbonate" member hosts the Manifa Reservoir, and here proposed as the Manifa Member, consist of five parasequences, each of which represents a shoaling-upwards cycle with a succession of up to five repeated lithofacies and biofacies that commences with a stromatolitic, microfaunally-barren unit followed by fine-grained grainstones with a monospecific but abundant ostracod biofacies. A succession of coarse pelloidal grainstones with rare foraminifera, including Redmondoides lugeoni, Trocholina alpina with a variety of unidifferentiated valvulinids and miliolids then follows, that passes vertically into coarse ooid grainstones, with rare Redmondoides lugeoni, forming the uppermost part of each parasequence. 62 Volumina Jurassica, Volumen VI the Jurassic Shaqra Group of the Kingdom (Powers et al. 1966; Powers 1968; Sharland et al. 2001). The evaporitic character commences within the Arab Formation, of Kimmeridgian age, and persists into the middle part of the Hith, as currently defined. The evaporite-carbonate association has considerable economic importance, and attempts have been made to interpret such lithological couplets within a sequence stratigraphic framework (Sarj 2001). The objective of this paper is to document the lithology and micropalaeontology of the upper carbonates of the Hith Formation and to discuss their origin. The Hith Formation is difficult to date with certainty, but a Tithonian age is concluded based on the presence of Kimmeridgian foraminifera within the underlying Arab Formation, and of Tithonian to Berriasian coccoliths in the overlying Sulaiy Formation (Osman Varol, written communication 2006). The depositional environment of the anhydritedominated lower Hith Formation is considered to have been subaqueous, and to represent a prolonged hypersaline event similar to those that preceded it on three main occasions within the Arab Formation (Alsharhan and Kendall 2003; Al-Husseini 1997; Sharland et al. 2001; Hughes 2004). The upper part of the Hith Formation consists predominantly of grainstones, although muddier carbonates are also present. The contact between the lower "anhydrite" and the upper "carbonate" members is characterized by a succession of interbedded anhydrites and limestones that are proposed as the "transitional" member. The study, upon which these new findings are based, focused on subsurface samples from wells drilled on Manifa Field, offshore Saudi Arabia (Fig. 1) contributing to pre-development hydrocarbon reservoir characterization for Saudi Aramco.


Mobile learning or m-learning, as a relatively new concept, has attracted the interest of educators, researchers and companies that are developing learning systems, but also creating and publishing instructional materials. In this paper we investigated the usage of integrative use of mobile technologies, data services and multimedia messaging systems for the increasing of students' practice of mobile technologies with the aim to improve their environmental education level in the context of sustainable development. Environmental education can be defined as learning to protect and improve environment in a systematic, planned and knowledge-based way during the whole human lifecycle. Also, environmental education has the task to spread awareness about basic characteristics of environment, its structures and relationships that tends to make a human who protects and improves the environment in a way that will ensure humans' existences now as well as in the future. It should also be pointed out that, although, mobile learning is currently applied in small scale of projects, this kind of learning is more useful as an education tool. Further on, mobile learning technology provides the potential for collaborative interaction and learning opportunities for geographically dispersed students and groups of students. Moreover, mobile telephones are small and familiar to students, they do not require technological training and do not intimidate users.


The article studies the evolution of the Russian-Kazakhstani relations at the first stage of the post-Crimea period (March 2014 – August 2016). Based on a wide range of official sources and periodicals, it identifies the main trends and issues of bilateral cooperation in the political, military and economic spheres, and at the interregional level. It determines the factors that influenced interaction between Moscow and Astana. Particular attention is paid to the role of the presidents of Russia and Kazakhstan in promoting and strengthening their strategic partnership. The author concludes that the period under consideration was a time of serious challenges for bilateral relations, which for the first time in history, entered a phase of prolonged turbulence. After the "Crimean Spring", the Kazakhstani leadership faced a dilemma: to maintain the existing level of cooperation with Russia in losing the trust of its Western partners or lower the degree of interaction with Moscow to strengthen its ties with Western states. The situation worsened in November 2015, when a sudden conflict between Russia and Turkey plunged the relations between Moscow and Astana into a deep crisis. For several months, the political dialogue between Russia and Kazakhstan was reduced to a minimum, and the military-political alliance of the two states was in danger of collapse. Nevertheless, in May 2016, Astana made the only correct choice in favor of maintaining the special status of its relationships with Moscow. The two sides immediately re-established their ties across the full spectrum of their cooperation. Their strategic partnership entered a new stage of development, characterized by a relative stabilization on the background of an unfavorable international environment


In teledermoscopy, images are transmitted through a communication channel to the medical facility for medical consultation. This yields to bandwidth congestion and consumption of large storage size which impairs the transmission of the high-resolution dermoscopy image. This study proposes a novel technique by generating a diagnostic feature map, named diagonal compressive sensing (CS) features map. This proposed map is generated using the significant diagnostic features by aligning the feature vector in a diagonal map, which is then compressed using CS technique. Eventually, the recovered feature map at the receiver side is applied to the classification system for decision-making. In addition, physicians at the receiver side who were trained to read the feature maps can verify the classification decision, and then provide feedback to the patient. The results demonstrated that the proposed diagnostic map achieved less transmission time due to the small size of the feature map along with the compression process. Furthermore, the feature map has drastically improved the classification performance metrics, including the accuracy, which increased, for example, from 88.6% to 98% at 80% compression ratio compared to the traditional method on the compressed whole image.


Sodium Cobaltite, NaCo2O4 has been studied extensively as a new thermoelectric material. The cobalt oxide position in each sodium unit cell may determine the power produced by this type of thermoelectric materials. In this study, several set of samples were prepared by adding a fixed amount of cobalt oxide, Co3O4 into various quantity of sodium carbonate, [(1+x)Na2CO3 (where x = 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0)] which then sintered at 1000° C for 6 hours. The XRD results show the structure posed the P63/mmc hexagonal structure. Rietveld analysis had been done to determine the crystal parameter. The parameters show that the crystal structure was changed with an addition of sodium carbonate, NaCo2O4 until a limit where the further addition of NaCo2O4 may cause destruction of the structure.


Using word frequency and co-word analysis methods of bibliometrics,this paper analyses the keywords of Library and Information science dissertation about web 2.0 area,and then to investigate the hotspots of Library and Information Science in web 2.0 areas in China in 2005-2008.


ABSTRACT This paper proposes an innovative MAC protocol called I-MAC. Protocol for wireless sensor networks, which combines the advantages of collision tolerance and collision cancellation. The protocol increases the number of antenna in wireless sensor nodes. The purpose is to monitor the occurrence of packet collisions by increasing the number of antenna in real time. The built-in identity structure is used in the frame structure in order to help the sending node to identify the location of the receiving node after a data packet collision is detected. Packets can be recovered from where the conflict occurred. In this way, we can monitor the conflict for a fixed period of time. It can improve the channel utilisation through changing the transmission probability of collision nodes and solve the problem of hidden terminal through collision feedback mechanism. We have evaluated our protocol. Our results show that the throughput of I-MAC is 5 percentage points higher than that of carrier sense multiple access/collision notification. The network utilisation of I-MAC is more than 92%.


In the process of curved forming for ship's hull plates, one of the main parameters is to determine the position of the flame path . By research on the theory for curved forming of ship's surface, the comprehensive database of hull plate surface deformation is established, and the prediction algorithm of hull plate process parameters is put forward by combining the optimization of plate unfolding method and ACA, and the corresponding prediction system of process parameters is developed.


We read with great interest the article of Stetler-Stevenson et al,[1][1] which brings surface-marker analysis in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) to the attention of the scientific community and provides evidence for its possible utilization. However, we have some comments and questions related to


This paper examines auditor liability rules under imperfect information, costly litigation and risk-averse auditors. A negligence rule fails in such a setting, because in equilibrium auditors will deviate with positive probability from any given standard. It is shown that strict liability outperforms negligence with respect to risk allocation and the probability that a desired level of care is met by the auditor if competitive liability insurance markets exist. Furthermore, our model explains the existence of insurance contracts containing obligations a type of contract often observed in liability insurance markets.


This paper reports on experience learned from PD research testing on 7 various new mineral oil and natural ester liquids. Samples of different chemical composition and condition (impurities), alike to those in operating transformers with known condition parameters (differing water and cellulose particle content) were tested. Tests were done using PD inception voltage testing cell applying steady electrical stress. PD testing arrangement and test protocol are described. Results of PD inception voltage of different oil samples are presented and evaluated with respective conclusions. The aim of this research was to enable distinguishing between insulating liquids regarding their ability to prevent or suppress partial discharges (PD) when the liquids are submitted to high electrical stress.Implementing and meticulously considering the IEC standard procedure for PD inception voltage testing, several questions arose:- Is the so obtained characteristic relevant and enough to understand the PD phenomena in oil impregnated paper,- Are the dried and filtered samples representative to help evaluating the behaviour of the insulating liquid in operation during the whole lifetime of an insulation and- May the PD current true recording help in assessing of oil samples from operating transformers.And besides, one may have some doubts whether such a high field stress, which is necessary to produce the standard PD threshold values (above 100 pC), can represent a realistic situation in a concrete case of a power transformer HV oil-paper insulation.


Prediction of vertical soil movements and ground heave of expansive soil deposits is an important requirement for taking appropriate measures in the design and construction of structures at such sites. Unit swell potential is a useful and versatile approach in characterising the expansive soils with respect to their degree of expansivity and the swelling behaviour. Besides, it enables easy prediction of soil movements during swelling. This paper outlines a simple method to evaluate the unit swelling potential with the help of easily determinable index property parameters like liquid limit, void ratio at liquid limit, shrinkage index and free swell index. The use of the correlation's established from the laboratory investigations for estimation of the ground heave is illustrated by solving a typical field problem. Any field engineer on obtaining simple field data and easily determinable soil parameter values can use the method.


Figure 1. Schematic representation of the Unitary Circuit Map model. (a) The black arrow on the right shows the direction of time as the particles, represented by small blue circles, evolve. The yellow squares represent the transformations that couple the particles. The green squares indicate the chaos-inducing nonlinear transformations. (b) Depending on the parameters selected, the inter-particle coupling may be of a shortrange (left) or long-range (right) nature. This ultimately affects the emerging time scales of chaotic dynamics. Credit: Institute for Basic Science


The main objective of this study was to measure the properties of the carrot to design carrot (Daucus carota L.) harvesting mechanism. Physical properties were beneficial to fix the relative position of carrot harvesting mechanism and mechanical properties were helping in functionality of the carrot combine harvester mechanism. Three carrot cultivars namely Pusa Keshar, Pusa Rudhira and Nantes cultivar were taken for the study. Length of carrot, effective foliage length (stem node), carrot head (crown) above soil surface; weight and upper root diameter were included in physical properties measurement. Pulling and tensile force were included in mechanical properties measurement. The foliage length was found in the range from 46 to 90cm, however, the crown height was observed at 1.5 cm above the soil surface. Carrot root length of Pusa Keshar, Pusa Rudhira and Nantes were 23.10 ± 3.71, 21.68 ± 4.14 and 18.64 ± 3.49 cm, respectively. Average pulling force in undisturbed (unloosen) raised bed highest was observed with Pusa Rudhira (148.93 ± 73.46 N) followed by Pusa Keshar (133.10 ± 62.15) and Nantes (118.18 ± 41.72). While, the pulling force for loosen raised bed were observed in following order Pusa Rudhira (22.41 ± 7.64 N) >Pusa Keshar (21.35 ± 5.84 N) >Nantes (20.21 ± 5.52 N). The loosen soil imposed 5 to 6 time lesser resistance on pulling carrot than unloosen raised bed. Average foliage detachment force (tensile force) from carrot crown was 236.13 ± 20.66, 211.95 ± 16.81 and 243.35 ± 47.73 N for Pusa Keshar, Nantes and Pusa Rudhira, respectively. It was observed that pulling force in loose raised bed was around 10 times lesser than the foliage detachment force.


Fangxiandao(in Chinese fang means horoscope,xian supernatural being and dao Taoism) culture,for which Shandong Peninsula has been most famous for,helped give birth to Taiping Scripture,on the basis of which Zhang Jiao established Taiping Communion,and on the basis of the both of them organized Huangjin Peasants' Uprising.Naturally,Shandong Penisula was the area in which Taiping Communion was the most popular and in which the Huangjin Peasants' Uprising was the fiercest.


With the development of the information technology, concepts of consumption and payment and the managing pattern are changing for Informatization. On the basis of the campus network and Internet, common card system is gradually realized by the cooperation of bank and university, and it becomes the fad on the campus. This paper presents briefly the application scope of the system and the main functions and systematic structure of the common card system. Combined with the application situation in Hefei University of Technology,this paper emphatically analyses that the application of the system plays an important role in the financial management of the university.


Friction welding (FRW) is an important commercial solid-state welding process in which coalescence is achieved by frictional heat combined with pressure. The objective of this work is to analyze the microstructure and the mechanical behavior of the copper alloy UNS C64200 – bronze-aluminum-silicon, as well as to raise the ideal welding parameters so that there is adequate weldability after process of continuous-drive friction welding. Regarding the analysis of the microstructure, scanning electron microscopy was used to characterize phases. The mechanical properties were evaluated by means of a hardness test of the center of the welded joint, traversing the entire extent of the thermally affected zone. Results show that the UNS C64200 alloy, when subjected to conventional friction welding, behaves satisfactorily in terms of weldability, without the appearance of cracks or defects arising from the temperature characteristic of this process, as well as good hardness with values above the minimum established in norm and higher than the base material.


We investigate the topological properties of Floquet-engineered twisted bilayer graphene above the magic angle driven by circularly polarized laser pulses. Employing a full Moire-unit-cell tight-binding Hamiltonian based on first-principles electronic structure we show that the band topology in the bilayer, at twisting angles above 1.05$^\circ$, essentially corresponds to the one of single-layer graphene. However, the ability to open topologically trivial gaps in this system by a bias voltage between the layers enables the full topological phase diagram to be explored, which is not possible in single-layer graphene. Circularly polarized light induces a transition to a topologically nontrivial Floquet band structure with the Berry curvature of a Chern insulator. Importantly, the twisting allows for tuning electronic energy scales, which implies that the electronic bandwidth can be tailored to match realistic driving frequencies in the ultraviolet or mid-infrared photon-energy regimes. This implies that Moire superlattices are an ideal playground for combining twistronics, Floquet engineering, and strongly interacting regimes out of thermal equilibrium.