so-called 'synesthetic metaphors' (such as sweet smell and loud colour) are neither synesthetic nor metaphorical. Rather, such adjectives as sweet and loud are 'highly supramodal descriptors that encompass multiple senses' (p. 238). Winter uses two arguments to back up this claim. One, 'the involved perceptual modalities are highly integrated' (p. 96), an observation that is the logical consequence of his rejection of the five senses folk model. In other words, since the senses are not discrete modalities, it serves no purpose to talk in terms of using one domain (e.g. the gustatory domain to which sweet belongs) to talk about another domain (the olfactory domain of smell). Two, 'crossmodal uses simply follow from word-inherent evaluative meaning' (p. 96), by which he means that an adjective such as sweet is used to talk about smell simply for its evaluative meaning, i.e. the fact that it has positive connotations. In other words, when we use what appears to be a synesthetic metaphor such as sweet smell, we do so because sweet is a positive adjective and not because sweet belongs to a different semantic domain to smell. As Winter points out, his 'literal analysis of synesthetic metaphors' has 'far-reaching conclusions for lexical semantics and conceptual metaphor theory', not least because it 'compels us to see the continuity of the senses as reaching all the way down into the lexical representation of individual words' (p. 238). This is a real and welcome challenge to conceptual metaphor theory with its implicit notion of discrete 'domains'. Winter's book, then, is valuable not least for its methodological rigour and its theoretical innovativeness. It provides sensory linguistics with a very firm foundation that future researchers can build upon. One possible path that sensory linguists might take (a path not signalled byWinter) is to explore (as Ullmann did in his 1945 article on Keats and Byron) how poetry in particular draws on the sensory nature of language. There are scattered references inWinter's book to the important work in cognitive poetics of Reuven Tsur, but sensory linguistics would benefit from a much more sustained and comprehensive treatment of the sensoriness of poetic language.


Na + /H + exchanger 1 (NHE1) inhibitors have a protective effect against myocardial ischemic-reperfusion injury. By choseing benzoyl (or pyridine-3-carbonyl) guanidine as main structure, and introducing 4-(2,3,4-trimethoxybenzyl)pipe-razine-1-yl to its benzene (or pyridine) ring, eight compounds were designed and synthesized. All the target compounds have not been reported and their structures have been confirmed by IR, 1 H NMR, MS and elemental analysis. The rat platelet swell-ing assay (PSA) results showed that most of the tested compounds exhibited potent NHE1 inhibitory effects.


To solve NP-hard no-wait flow shop scheduling problem with the makespan minimization criterion,this question is first turned into a Traveling Salesman Problem(TSP).Then Ant Colony Optimization(ACO)is used to construct an initial job sequence.Based on a new proposed neighborhood,intensification and diversification variable neighborhood search is interchangeably evolved to improve solution.The performance of the algorithm is tested on Rec,hel1 and hel2 Benchmark problems.The results are compared to the well-known RAJ heuristic.The computational results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.


This article examines the reasons that have motivated the decision to initiate immigrants' recruitment in the Spanish Armed Forces. The principal reason lies in the necessity to cover the job vacancies of the professional army. At the same time the consequences that the measure can have for the immigrants and for the Armed Forces are analysed. The principal conclusion is that the recruitment can have positive effects for both implied parts, but this is going to request of the armies the respect of the cultural diversity of the immigrant soldiers.


Part 1 Linking structure and action: problems of explanation in economic sociology the social structure of competition agency as control in formal networks Nadel's paradox revisited - relational and cultural aspects of organizational structure doing your job and helping your friends - universalistic norms about obligations to particular others in networks structural alignments, individual strategies and managerial action - elements towards a network theory of getting things done. Part 2 Different network ties and their implications: centrality and power in organizations the strength of strong ties - the importance of philos in organizations information and search in the creation of new business ventures - the case of the 128 Venture Group complementary communication media - a comparison of electronic mail and face-to-face communication in a programming team face-to-face - making network organizations work. Part 3 Organizational environmental relations as inter-organizational networks: strategic alliances in commercial biotechnology the make-or-cooperate decision in the context of an industry network competitive co-operation in biotechnology - learning through networks? Part 4 Network forms of organizations: the network organization in theory and practice fragments of a cognitive theory of technological change and organizational structure small-firm networks on the limits of a firm-based theory to explain business networks - the Western bias of neoclassical economics the organization of business networks in the United States and Japan. Conclusion: making network research relevant to practice.


Abstract Understanding of polypropylene (PP) foaming is critically important to reduce the weight of automotive parts. In this study, we used a batch foaming simulation system with visualization cell, to observe the foaming behaviors of PP that is blown with CO2 and N2 under various experimental conditions. We found that the nucleating agent content, initial temperature, pressure (i. e., gas content), and pressure drop rate during foaming have a significant effect on cell nucleation and cell growth. The cell density and the void fraction of PP foamed with CO2 and N2, respectively, were separately observed and compared. It was found that under the same experimental conditions, the maximum cell density of PP foamed with CO2 was higher than that of PP foamed with N2. However, the maximum cell density of PP foamed with CO2 was determined to be lower than that of PP foamed with N2, when the same gas mole numbers were employed. Based on the experimental results, optimum foaming conditions and effective processing strategies for PP-CO2 system are suggested.


This paper deals with the order of contact between arbitrary setsXandYlying in the complex plane C. Let ϕ be a rational function, and ξ0 ∈ C. Suppose, at all pointsxi ∈ C ∪ {∞} with ϕ(xi) = ξ0, the setsX,Yhave contact of a given orderpi. In the stability analysis of numerical methods for solving differential equations, the problem arises to determine the order of contact, sayp, between ϕ(X) and ϕ(Y) at ξ0. In this paper a theorem is given according to whichp = maxi pi/li, whereli ≥ 1 denotes the order of a certain nonvanishing derivative related to ϕ andxi. The theorem is valid under the assumption that ϕ − 1(ϕ(X)) ⊂ cl(X) or ϕ − 1(ϕ(Y)) ⊂ cl(Y). This assumption is satisfied in the stability analysis just mentioned, so that the theorem settles the problem arising in that context. The paper also deals with various natural questions related to the specific concept of order (of contact) used in the above mentioned theorem. Some of these questions are important in view of applications.


Tanning industry is an important economical activity in some provinces of our country. Nevertheless, due to the inner characteristics of this process, pollution in every environmental component is generated. One of the components which is mainly affected is water due to the discharge of effluents with high concentration of organic matter, suspended solids, in different condition of acidity or alkalinity and with toxic elements as sulfide and chromium. These last ones are capable to put in risk the integrity of the environment as well as human health. This investigation tries to establish the conditions which are adequate to develop the physicochemical treatment of the main effluents in tanning industry: unhairing, tanning and soaking.


To obtain the active ingredients of ginkgo(Ginkgo Biloba L),the isolation and screening of Endophytes were carried out.29 strains,which were isolated from trunk,branch and leaf of ginkgo,were used to do the anti-microbial experiments.The results showed that only 18 strains had anti-microbial function.B1 and B6,which had the best antimicrobial function,were identified as Penicillium.


This work presents a method to compute communication cost by applying Petri nets. This cost is being used to guide the hardware/software partitioning in a methodology for hardware/software codesign context, which is being developed. Petri nets are a family of formalisms sharing basic principles. Although for each purpose or detail level one appropriated formalism have to be chosen from the family, the transformation from one formalism to another could be sound. The use of Petri makes the partitioning method independent on a specific description mechanism. Additionally, Petri net as an intermediate format allows to analyse behavioral properties of the specification and formally to compute performance indices which are used in the partitioning process.


Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the cardiovascular eligibility rate for hormonal contraception among women in Porto-Novo, with reference to the criteria defined by the World Health Organization (WHO).
Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2016 over a period of 4 months at the headquarters of the Beninese Association for the Family Promotion (ABPF) in Porto-Novo, Benin. It exhaustively included all women who came to renew their hormonal contraception. The verification procedure useful for the renewal of the contraceptive used included the search for cardiovascular risk factors (high blood pressure, hyperglycemia, obesity, smoking). Based on the eligibility criteria defined by WHO for each type of contraceptive and on the presence or absence of the risk factors sought, each woman surveyed was declared eligible or ineligible for continuation of the contraceptive in progress.


Local area library league is an important mode forthe enhancement of information de-gree in a region and the satisfaction of information demand in the region.On the basis of the discus-sion of the roles of libraries of small and medium cities concerning regional economy,cultural devel-opment,the self-construction of all kinds of libraries in the region as well as the makeup functions to the deficiencies of national and provincial libraries,an analysis is made of the favorable conditions in the establishment of small and medium city library league from the three aspects of policy environ-ment,technical development and the previous studies.Finally,the specific mode of thought and mea-sures are put forward to construct small and medium city library league.


Changes in precipitation seasonality or the distribution of precipitation have important impacts on hydrological extremes (e.g., floods or droughts). Precipitation extremes have been widely reported to increase with global warming; however, the variability and mechanism of precipitation seasonality have not been well quantified in China. Here, we explore the multiscale variability in precipitation seasonality from 1960 to 2018 in China. A seasonality index of precipitation is defined to quantify the precipitation seasonality with a lower value indicating a more even distribution throughout a year. The seasonality index increases from southeastern to northwestern China, with a decrease in the annual mean precipitation, a later timing of the wet season, and a shorter wet season duration. The seasonality index decreases from 1960 to 2018 in China, accompanied by the increasing duration of wet season, especially in northern climate-sensitive basins, such as the Northwest River, Hai River and Songliao River basins. Take the Northwest River basin for example, the observed significant decrease in the seasonality index (~0.02/decade) from 1960 to 2018 is consistent with a significant decrease in the ratio of annual maximum 10-day precipitation to annual precipitation, which is confirmed by their significant positive correlation (R=0.72, p=0). The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) dominates interannual fluctuations and spatial patterns of precipitation seasonality in China. In EI Niño years, the precipitation seasonality index decreases across China except for the Yangtze River basin, with broad increases in annual precipitation.


I have already referred to dysmenorrhoea and the cure of neurasthenic patients. Be certain, before undertaking an operation of this kind, thatthe patient is really suffering from genuine spasmodic dysmenorrhoea, and that she is not aneurotic woman, with pain intensified at the time of menstruation, In conclusion, I would say with much regret that I do not consider we know any more about dyemenorrhoea which will enable us to speak positively as to its etiology or pathology than we did years ago, but I cannot help feeling that further observations concerning the secretions of the ovary may open up a wide field of knowledge. The exact relation between the ovary, the thyroid, and the other ductless glands is still obscure,28 but we must earnestly hope that the time is not far distant when we shall be enabled to speak positively about the action of their important secretions, and that a true explanation of the occurrence of dysmenorrhoea may be forthcoming.


The paper points out the problems of intangible assets management in colleges and universities,clarifies the importance and necessary of process synthetic estimation in science and in reason to intangible assetsestemate system in colleges and universities,and puts forward the approach to make use of analytic hierarchy process for the solution of the synthetic estimate problems


The utility model provides a device integrating organic waste water anaerobic digestion and methane enrichment and compression. The device is characterized by comprising a pressure-proof anaerobic digestion tank; the upper end port of the pressure-proof anaerobic digestion tank is sealed by a cover plate and a sealing ring; a waste water inlet pipe, a gas inlet pipe, a biogas outlet pipe and a gas pressure gauge inlet pipe are respectively inserted into the tank; high and low water level electrodes arranged at the side of the tank body are connected with a water inlet automatic adjusting valve in the waste water inlet pipe through a water level adjusting controller; and a water outlet and a mud discharge port are respectively arranged at the lateral side and bottom side of the tank body. When the device is used, the tamed anaerobic active sludge and organic waste water required to be processed in an anaerobic digestion way are firstly placed in the digestion tank, the waste water and sludge in the tank is aerated for 0.1-10 hours by non-oxygen gas, then the operation of anaerobic digestion is started, the biogas purifying and compressing processes are finished by biogas-accumulated automatically produced pressure which is produced by the anaerobic digestion, thus, the biogas with high thermal value can be produced in a single anaerobic digestion tank at one step; the investment is less, the operation cost is low, the management is simple, and the device can be widely used in middle-size and small-size biogas projects.


Sartre put forward a series of viewpoints concerning literature reception,such as the participation of readers and the involvement of sentiments in the course of reading,reading means creation,reading is what the reader predicts and expects.These viewpoints are later accepted by receptive aesthetics and proved repeatedly by the practice in literary criticism.Although some of the opinions are biased,their merits allow no negligence.


The present work investigates the local heat transfer characteristics and the associated frictional loss in a rectangular channel with inclined solid and perforated baffles to obtain the basic design data for gas turbine. Five different geometries of baffles such as 1) solid (without hole), 2) three holes, 3) six holes, 4) nine holes, 5) twelve holes were covered. A combination of two baffles of same overall size is used. The flow Reynolds number is ranged from 28,900 to 70,100. The placement of baffles augments the overall heat transfer greatly by combining both jet impingement and the boundary layer separation. The present results show that the average Nusselt number distribution is strongly dependent on number of holes in the baffle plates, i.e., the average Nusselt number increases with increasing number of holes. The friction factor decreases also with increasing the number of holes. however. its value increases with increasing the Reynolds number.


Business Model Innovation Cases from the Wood Products IndustryGlobalization is further spurred by ICT in operations as well as customer relations also in the wood products industry. For meeting th ...


Visual attention is conceived as a neural process used to select relevant information. In automatic orienting, an unexpected stimulus attracts the attention regardless of will. In voluntary orienting the individual directs his attention to the interested stimulus. This work aims to characterize indicators of inattention and hyperactivity and to correlate them to the process of spatial orienting of attention through tasks of voluntary and automatic orienting of attention. Forty-three adults, classified in three groups according to their scores on the Adult self-report scale (ASRS), participated in the study by taking tests of reaction time (RT) with voluntary and automatic orienting of attention. The results show that the group with more inattention/hyperactivity indicators had RT and number of errors increased on voluntary and automatic orienting tasks. Therefore, it was possible to observe differences in attention orienting types, RT, number of errors and inattentive/hyperactivity indicators


Introduction: Morton's neuroma (MN) is mechanical neuropathy of plantar interdigital nerve. It is one of the most common causes of forefoot pain. One of the most undesirable complications of MN surgery is recurrent neuroma. Excision level of MN is important to prevent recurrence. In this study, we aimed to figure out preferred excision levels of orthopedic surgeons by evaluating pathological samples. Methods: 192 samples sent with the diagnosis of Morton neuroma to the pathology department of our hospital between years 2010-2017 were added to our study. Mean age was 45,8 (between 23 to 73). All of 192 patients were primary diagnosed 22 of them was left foot and the other 170 were right foot was. 139 of them were female, and 53 were male. Recurrent neuromas, pathological sample more than one piece from one surgical site were excluded from the study. Results: 192 pathological specimens were prepared and examined by the same pathologist. Gross pathological appearance and histopathology findings were recorded. Mean sample length was 2,05 cm (between 0,8cm and 6 cm).145 samples was smaller (75.5%) than 3cm and only 47 sample (24.5%) was bigger than 3 cm.Conclusion: In conclusion our database results showed that majority of surgeons didn't take into account plantarly directed nerve branches.


In a recent paper Lee Walters criticizes a number of philosophers – including Gundersen – for committing a 'failure in the argumentative strategy' when they attempt to amend the standard Lewis semantics for counterfactuals in order to avoid the so-called principle of Conjunction Conditionalization. In this article we defend a Gundersen-style probability-based semantics against Walter's major misgivings: that it is not logically conservative, that it is committed to the Connection Hypothesis, and that it cannot deal satisfactory with irrelevant semi-factuals.


High voltage transients and surges are produced due to lightning, inductive load switching and spikes or electrical noise on power lines. These voltage surges can be as high as 6 kV and the transient period can vary from a few microseconds to milliseconds. The frequencies of these surges vary randomly depending upon the source voltage. These surges, irrespective of their short duration, can cause severe damage to the electronic equipment which may adversely affect semiconductor devices, erode electrochemical contacts, break down insulators, and generate noise. To cope with the problems associated with transients, surge suppressor devices are commonly used. Among the surge suppressor devices the most reliable, economic and the latest are metal oxide varistors (MOVs). One may simply connect the surge suppressor between the two leads of the circuit to be protected. For a normal supply voltage, the surge suppressor will work almost like an open-circuit. When a high voltage appears, it will draw a large current and will not allow the voltage across itself to increase beyond a safe limit.


The present invention relates generally to Her-2 / neu fusion protein, Her-2 / neu nucleic acid molecule encoding a fusion protein, Her-2 / neu viral vector fusion protein expressing and Her-2 / neu fusion protein and, / or Her-2 / neu pharmaceutical compositions containing a nucleic acid molecule encoding the fusion protein related (e.g. a vaccine). The present invention further, Her-2 / neu comprises the use in the treatment of cancer genes malignancies associated with, the method of treating or preventing cancer by inducing or enhancing an immune response to Her-2 / neu fusion proteins on.


The dense Bi1.4Sc0.1Zn Nb1.5-xRuxO7 ceramics were prepared by traditional solid state reaction. The effect of Sc3+ and Ru4+ co-substitution on the phase structure, crystal chemistry and dielectric properties of Bi2O3-ZnONb2O5 were investigated. The results reveal that all doped samples show a pure α-BZN phase structure. When x=0.055 mol, the intensity of X-ray diffraction becomes weak and diffraction peaks broaden. With the increase of x, the lattice constant a and the average distance R(A-O') of the ceramics decrease. The bond valance calculation show that the AV(O')[A4] and oxygen ξ parameter of 48f(O) increase, but the AV(O)[A2B2] gradually decreases with the amount of Ru4+ increasing. Meanwhile, the dielectric constant of samples decreases and the dielectric loss increases. The dielectric relaxation characteristics are weakened at room temperature while the relaxation behavior at low temperature is obvious. With increasing dopant, Tm shifts toward higher temperature. The er-T curves of samples are fitted by the modified Curie-Weiss' s(C-W) formula. The calculations show that the degree of dielectric relaxation(γ) decreases from 1.57 to 1.33 when the Ru4+ content increases from 0 to 0.04 mol.


By shining a purple light through an empty bottle, we may greatly increase our chances of finding ancient buried walls and pottery. The purple light and empty bottle in this case, however, are the working parts of a rubidium magnetometer recently demonstrated to be effective for delineating buried structures and potsherds near the possible site of the ancient Greek city of Sybaris. The application of this instrument to archeological exploration opens many new facets of magnetic search techniques, for it is more than 100 times as sensitive as the magnetometers used earlier. The importance of developing methods for locating buried sites and objects of archeological interest is recognized even by the non-archeologist. The cut-and-try method of excavating at random will simply not work in many areas, where surface evidence is completely lacking. Several methods are available to the archeologist, however, to aid him in the search: (i) search of historic writings; (ii) systematic drilling, dredging, or trenching; (iii) analysis of aerial photographs; and (iv) geophysical methods based on seismic, electrical, or magnetic survey techniques (1). It is with the last method that we are concerned. After the development in 1955 of the first directionally independent and truly mobile instrument for making magnetic surveys, the proton magnetometer (2), the speed and ease with which we were able to perform such surveys were vastly increased. Since that time reports have appeared describing the use of the proton magnetometer for detecting buried kilns, tombs, walls, and forts (3, 4).. A portable instrument such as the Elsec proton magnetometer (1) can resolve a change of approximately 1 gamma (10 oersted) where the earth's total magnetic field intensity is 50,000 gammas. This high accuracy and mobility are achieved through use of the phenomenon of nuclear magnetic resonance known as free precession. The spinning protons in a fluid such as water behave like small, randomly oriented bar magnets. Through application of a uniform magnetic field about the sample, the protons are aligned in the direction of the artificial field. When the applied field is removed, the protons precess about the direction of the ambient magnetic field at a frequency proportional to the field intensity. The measurement of this frequency, however, has two practical limitations. First, the maximum sensitivity of a portable proton instrument is about 1 gamma. Also, in order to polarize the protons, the instrument must operate discontinuously. The portable versions require from 4 to 6 seconds per' reading.


Morphologies of polymer blends based on polystyrene-b-polybutadiene-b-poly (methyl methacrylate) (SBM) triblock copolymer were predicted adopting the phase diagram proposed by Stadler and co-workers for neat SBM block copolymer, and experimentally proved using atomic force microscopy. All investigated polymer blends based on SBM triblock copolymer modified with polystyrene (PS) and/or poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) homopolymers showed expected nanostructures. For polymer blends of symmetric SBM-1 triblock copolymer with PS homopolymer, cylinders in cylinders core-shell morphology and perforated lamellae morphology were obtained. Moreover, modifying the same SBM-1 triblock copolymer with both PS and PMMA homopolymers cylinders at cylinders morphology was reached. The predictions for morphologies of blends based on asymmetric SBM-2 triblock copolymer were also confirmed experimentally, visualizing a spheres over spheres structure.

This work presented an easy way of using PS and/or PMMA homopolymers for preparing nanostructured polymer blends based on SBM triblock copolymers with desired morphologies, similar to those of neat SBM block copolymers.


"Ultimately, the newly proposed lung cancer screening guidelines serve as hope for high-risk subjects of Hispanic/LatinX ethnicity whom, until now, have often missed out on opportunities to undergo lung cancer screening. With these new broader lung cancer screening guidelines, eligibility for high-risk Hispanic/LatinX individuals should increase, therefore improving their rates of earlier detection and overall lung cancer mortality."


The requirements to be satisfied by an optical alignment system are indicated, and a two-mirror system is described. The elementary form of this is restricted in its field of application, but it can be converted into a very sensitive interferometer for toolroom or labor ± tory use. Its errors and coherence conditions are examined. Modifications of the simple system suitable for more practical conditions are described, and their errors are investigated. It is shown that very high accuracies can be obtained without excessive demands on the optical workmanship. The effects of atmospheric irregularities are indicated, and test results are described briefly.


The authors use census and survey data for the period 1940-1990 to analyze changes affecting childhood in the United States over the past 50 years. They show "how important revolutions in household composition and income parental education and employment child care and levels of poverty have affected childrens well-being....[The study] explores the interaction of many trends in childrens lives and the fundamental social demographic and economic processes that lie at their core. The book concludes with a thoughtful analysis of the ability of families and government to provide for a new age of children with emphasis on reducing racial inequities and providing greater public support for families comparable to the family policies of other developed countries." (EXCERPT)


Abstract Access to quality information on the Internet for health care situations can be problematic. Currently there is a tremendous wealth of practice guidelines available over the Internet. The Institute of Medicine defines practice guidelines as systematically developed statements to assist practitioner and patient decisions about appropriate health care for specific clinical circumstances. This article discusses the role of practice guidelines in health care decision making, and highlights some of the practice guidelines that are available over the Internet.


The ability to correctly identify the materials of objects in the real world is key in human's life. Therefore, an automatic system with that skill would be a great step in the path to simulate human vision. This work describes a new approach to try to solve this still open problem where the key idea is the use of image-inferable properties as an intermediate step to recognize materials. The algorithm is based on the extraction and quantization of SIFT descriptors, which are later used to train SVMs to recognize material properties, both of touch and shape, at different scales. Finally, models based on Naive Bayes and SVMs are trained and compared in terms of material recognition from the properties. Despite of the high cost of the markup, this approach offers interesting intermediate results and competitive accuracy compared with other methods applied to the same image dataset.


It is shown that the action of intense laser radiation on excited nuclei should give rise to spontaneous-stimulated emission of γ rays and to the anti-Stokes Raman scattering of light by the nuclei. Estimates suggest that this may be achieved experimentally.


This contribution arises from a qualitative case study of mature students on a Foundation degree in Teaching and Learning developed through a partnership between a not-for-profit college and a university. The educational provision was designed to address under-participation in HE in one of the most isolated regions of the country. The focus of this study is firmly upon the lived experience of the students, as revealed in qualitative semi-structured interviews carried out over a fifteen-month period. The data reveal an array of ways in which the students' experience of HE participation is pivotal in their lives. The paper draws upon Bourdieu's idea of human capital to help to understand the interaction between the fields of higher education, the home and the workplace in the lives of the students, and the contribution of their agentic capital as revealed in the participants' own accounts.


Enhanced oil recovery by carbon dioxide injection is becoming almost a cliche in the Northern Basin of W. Texas, as several projects near implementation and quite a few others are proposed and studied. A projected CO/sub 2/ flood in the Post Montgomery Unit of the Garza Field in Garza County, Texas, will receive CO/sub 2/ indirectly from a power plant in Lubbock. Ground-breaking for a plant built to recover CO/sub 2/ from the waste-stack gases discharged by the Lubbock Power and Light Holly Street Plant took place in Aug. According to Carbon Dioxide Technology Corp., the plant is the first in the world to take CO/sub 2/ from a power plant and use it to recover oil and the largest ever built for waste-stack gas recovery. The plant, to occupy 3 acres, will have the capacity to produce 1100 tons of CO/sub 2//day, or 19.8 mmcfd. Capital cost for the facility scheduled for completion in Sept. 1982, is $32 million. This cost includes the construction of a 35-mile pipeline from the CO/sub 2/ recovery plant to the Post Montgomery Unit. Carbon Dioxide Technology's plant will use new technology to strip the CO/sub 2/ from the power plant stack gas, drymore » it, and then compress it into the pipeline for delivery to the oil field.« less


The topicality of the problem is related to the ever-increasing volumes of provision of prosthodontic assistance to the patients with removable dentures. During the dental examination we've noted 300 patients, who used removable dentures, the increased number of complications because of these constructions' use. In particular, there is a growing number of patients who aren't using the already made removable dentures. A significant percentage of patients don't know or don't fully care properly for the existing constructions and the oral cavity itself. This leads to a number of serious complications. We consider perspective the identification of opportunities to reduce the number of complications and extend the period of the use of removable denture structures by improvement the techniques for selecting denture base materials depending on the microbiological status of the oral cavity.


This symposium attracted specialty consultants, general practitioners, trainees and other members of the multidisciplinary team from around the UK and via live stream to 18 countries on three continents. The symposium covered a wide range important and topical areas from translational medicine to transitional care.


Non‐linear multiport resistors are the main ingredients in the synthesis of non‐linear circuits. Recently, a particular PWL representation has been proposed as a generic design platform (IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst.‐I 2002; 49:1138–1149). In this paper, we present a mixed‐signal circuit architecture, based on standard modules, that allows the electronic integration of non‐linear multiport resistors using the mentioned PWL structure. The proposed architecture is fully programmable so that the unit can implement any user‐defined non‐linearity. Moreover, it is modular: an increment in the number of input variables can be accommodated through the addition of an equal number of input modules. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The aim of this study is to investigate motor performance of children by age and gender. A total of 160 children (80 girls and 80 boys) participated in this study voluntarily. Children were divided into 4 groups according to their gender (girls and boys) and age (11 and 12 years). One Way ANOVA and LSD tests were used. There were statistically significant differences in height and weight in all groups. Sit and reach, sit-up, 30 meter sprint and bent arm hang tests results showed that there were statistically significant differences between girls and boys in all age groups. There was no statistically significant difference in plate tapping test. According to the results of the flamingo balance test, a statistically significant difference was found between the age groups. The standing long jump results from 12 year old boys and 11 year old girls are more than the 11 year old boys and 12 year old girls. Participants anthropometric and motor performance test results were among the normal values. Physical characteristics and motor performance parameters vary by age and gender.


This paper is concerned with the experiment study on soft clay in the shear strength parameters. In the hand, by UU-triaxial tests s oft clays in different saturated degree, the influence relationship between satu rated degree and strength is built out. On the other hand, by many consolidated -quickly shear test, the rule of soft clay strength improvement is drawn from d ifferent consolidated pressure and different degree of consolidation. The result provides a foundation for soft clay engineering design and the stability analys is.


A new method of enlarging the cross-section of KDP crystals using an easily enlarged ADP crystal as seed for a KDP crystal, has been investigated. The growth characteristics of the ADP seeds (Z-plate, cap, and parallelly spliced seeds) at KDP supersaturation have been observed. Chemical etching was used to characterize the grown crystals, and chemical analysis to determine the composition of both the region of the seed and the grown crystal. The mechanism of this kind of growth is discussed. In conclusion this growing method should be qualified for enlarging the cross-section of KDP crystals.


Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) as a less invasive treatment alternative for atypical cartilaginous tumors. Materials and methods: Data of all consecutive RFA procedures for atypical cartilaginous tumors between 2007-2018 were analyzed, including temperature, amount of needle positions and ablation time per position. Tumor volume was measured on pre-operative MRI and ablation zone was assessed on 3-month postprocedural MRI. RFA outcome parameters were ablation result (R0: complete with margin (≥2mm), R1: complete without margin (<2mm) and R2: incomplete) and occurrence of complications. Results: In 84.4% of cases complete ablation was achieved (66.7% R0, 17.7% R1). In 15.6% of procedures ablation was incomplete (R2). No recurrences were seen after R0/1 ablations (with minimum two years follow-up). R0 was achieved significantly more frequent in smaller tumors (p = .027, odds ratio (OR) = 1.04 (per cm3) and with longer ablation time per needle (p = .048, OR = .894). Temperature >80°C (p = .026, OR = 7.57) resulted in more complete (R0 or R1) ablations without increasing complication rate (p = .579) compared to temperature of 71-80°C. In 15 procedures (7.9%) a complication occurred. Conclusion: RFA provides promising results for treatment of atypical cartilaginous tumors with complete ablation (R0, R1) in 84.4% of procedures. Complication rates are comparable with open surgery and the amount of fractures is lower. These encouraging data support the potential of RFA to replace more invasive surgical approaches.


Background. PentaBDE is a flame retardant used in polyurethane foam. It was phased out of production in the U.S. almost a decade ago due to evidence of bioaccumulation in humans and concerns regard...


The network teaching platform is a new assisted learning is interactive, with a shared resource rich digital learning environment to achieve network-assisted teaching platform to build, you need some of the following related technologies: choice of software development methodology, database access technology, ASP.NET technology, SQL Server database management technology, UML unified Modeling Language technology. This article studies the network-assisted teaching platform to build the core technology, and related technologies were compared.


Ceria supported nanoparticles (NPs) of noble metals are well-known catalysts for diverse hydrogenation and oxidation reactions [1, 2]. Their catalytic activity depends on the dispersion and shape of NPs, support, functionalization, etc. However, the use of high Z-support and small NPs limits their diagnostics especially in laboratory conditions [3]. In this study, we demonstrate a possibility of in situ monitoring the size and surface morphology of Pd/CeO 2 catalysts during the growth by using FTIR spectroscopy of adsorbed CO. Ceria NPs used as support were synthesized according to the method described in [4] and impregnated by PdCl 2 [3]. Then, the material was put into the reaction chamber and heated in a flow of Ar up to 30, 150 or 300 °C (sam ples Pd-30, Pd-150, Pd-300) for 30 min. A mixture of H 2 , CO and Ar (2.5, 1 and 46.5 mL/min) was passed through the sample for 1 hour to reduce Pd NPs. XRPD didn't allow distinguishing Pd NPs for all samples (Fig.1a). This fact could be explained by the small size of synthesized Pd NPs which caused broadening of peaks. Tests of catalytic (procedure described in [3]) shown that CO conversion was 25-70% for all samples at 150 °C even without calcination (in case of Pd-150 and Pd-300) and decreased in row Pd-30>Pd-150>Pd-300.


As the rapid development of information technology nowadays, cross-boarder e-commerce has gradually become an important part in people's daily life. To energetically promote the cross-boarder e-commerce can stimulate the fast growth in national economy and guarantee the comprehensive strengthening on social economic development. As one of the important service industries in modern times, cross-boarder e-commerce belongs to the sunrise industry and green industry with characteristics of high human capital, high technology, and high value-added, which helps to spring up of new technology, new modes, and new commercial formats and has great importance on the economic growth. Within the fast development of cross-boarder e-commerce and the increasing competition, there are more and more diversified choices for customers. The service quality of e-commerce can directly influence the shopping demands. In fact, many e-commerce enterprises have started to emphasize marketing currently. As the approach of cross-boarder e-commerce, traditional retail industry has to be the first one to stand in the breach, because cross-boarder e-commerce has changed the life style of human people and come up with the higher requirements for the marketing management of traditional retail companies. Affected by the transfer of consumption habits, more and more customers get used to shopping online. Along with the gradual maturity of payment system used by cross-boarder e-commerce and the improvement efficiency in express industry, there is no obvious difference in shopping experience between online and physical stores. The development of cross-boarder e-commerce has great advantages, especially because of the more product quantity and the larger range of choice. However, there are still many problems which cannot be solved and have serious impact on the development of cross-boarder e-commerce. In order to ensure its fast development, many suppliers start to pay attention to marketing concepts and the real needs of customers, and offer the proper service, so as to achieve profitable exchange. The essence of marketing management is to lay focus on customer needs. Only the improvement of customer care can ensure the successful development of each link in the following. Therefore, in the marketing process, suppliers must strengthen the complete service planning and offer a personalized and specialized service experience to customers. 1. The current development of cross-boarder e-commerce and marketing management in China According to the statistics released by Ministry of Commerce, the cross-boarder e-commerce platforms in China has experienced fast development many years and gradually improved its eco-service system. To establish the production of cross-boarder e-commerce has gradually entered into the fast line. During the period from 2012 to 2016, the number of online shopping customers in China has approximately doubled from 242 million to 467 million, and the volume of transaction has grown from 8.1 trillion to 26.1 trillion yuan, average annual growth 30%. The volume of transaction in e-retailing has grown over 40%, which contributes more than 30% in the growth of social consumption retailing volume. The development of cross-boarder e-commerce has directly or indirectly driven the corresponding employee 15million person-times, up to 37 million person-times now. Thus it can be seen that the cross-boarder e-commerce in China has realized large-scale and industrialized development. 2019 4th International Social Sciences and Education Conference (ISSEC 2019) Copyright © (2019) Francis Academic Press, UK DOI: 10.25236/issec.2019.104 518 In the fast development of cross-boarder e-commerce, small and medium-sized enterprises in foreign trade in e-commerce field has achieved 30% average annual growth, promoted the businesses such as one-stop promotion, platformization operation, and online shopping, motivate the deep development of cross-boarder e-commerce. As the whole society recognition, the development speed of cross-boarder e-commerce will certainly get obvious enhancement. In the fast development of cross-boarder e-commerce, it leads to the growth of other service industries, such as logistics industry, financial industry and IT industry. Financial industry, including the third-party payment platform, electronic authentication, network information management, network insurance, etc, not only promotes the development quality of network financial industry in China, but also contributes to the social economic growth. During the rapid development of express industry in cross-boarder e-commerce, the supply chain and logistics continues to perfect and improve the efficiency of logistic distribution system, and strengthen the quality and level of logistic management. Ymatou is a third-party payment platform of cross-boarder e-commerce facing Chinese customers. The sellers in this platform can be classified into two categories: one is personal buyers with the mode of C to C, the other is commercial stores with the mode of M to C. It helps to connect the foreign retail industry to Chinese customers, through direct selling to Chinese customers. For Chinese customers, it is direct-purchasing, and the middle logistic is direct mail. Cross-boarder e-commerce develops rapidly at the same time the marketing management gets fast development as well. In those cross-boarder e-commerce enterprises, there are many foreign retail industry magnates in China market, which have brought giant challenges to traditional service industry in China. Taking Walmart, Carrefour, KFC and Mc Donald's as examples, these industry magnates are very popular in customers relying on their advanced management concepts and complete marketing system. But China e-commerce enterprises lake of these fundamental quality, thus they must strengthen marketing service management and innovation in their development. Nowadays, most of the Chinese cross-boarder e-commerce enterprises exist many defects, such as small scale, lack of capital, and high operation costs, the marketing management of which are still in the primary stage, resulting in the lower actual tolerance capacity. During the marketing process, copy blindly also happens, leading to affected influence in the end. There are still many challenges in the marketing innovation. For example, foreign companies can fully apply modern high technology to innovate the whole marketing management. Innovation in marketing organization and in service brand will result in giant impact on the development of cross-boarder e-commerce in China. In the marketing process, employee quality will also influence the marketing quality obviously. The quality of majority of service employees will directly influence the whole quality of marketing management. If the service quality cannot meet the actual demands of customers, it will easily cause unsatisfied results in marketing management. 2. The impact of cross-boarder e-commerce on marketing management Service, as one of the important parts in marketing management, can produce some kinds of profits or satisfaction. Marketing management refers that enterprises must define clearly of customers' real needs, and actively provide the products they need to them. As the rapid development of cross-boarder e-commerce, the enterprises in this field start to pay attention to do demand analysis of customers. Especially in the background of upgrade consumption, users' purchasing demands are not limited in low price or cost performance but in pursuing high-quality life. In the future development of cross-boarder e-commerce, new retailing must influence the whole industry unconsciously. The new retailing so called is to lay focus in customers' consumption experience, utilize the support of big data to get through the consumption channels online and offline, and invigorate traditional retail industry. Cross-boarder e-commerce enterprises are not able to attract customers relying on cost performance, while they must offer better quality products and more professional service. Under the impact of cross-boarder e-commerce, marketing management must focus the following perspectives. In the process of marketing management, in order to improve the whole


The development of modern information technology, especially the Internet and multimedia technology, has a great influence on the contemporary college students. In this paper, the authors research the ideological education of college students based on multimedia technology and cloud service platform. In the course of college ideological and political teaching, teachers can use the multimedia technology to explain the political thought more directly. At the same time, the internet has an important impact on contemporary students, and teachers can communicate with college students through the network more effectively, and timely understanding of the students' ideological status. Therefore, the extensive application of multimedia in the ideological and political course in university has become an important symbol of the development of educational modernization.


Cornils, Ingo. Writing the Revolution: The Construction of "1968" in Germany. rochester, Ny: Camden House, 2016. 315 pp. $90.00 (hardcover).Ingo Cornils's monograph traces the construction of 1968. the year 1968 has come to signify a longer time period of approximately two decades that witnessed the emergence of global protest movements in the sixties and seventies. Cornils argues that the process of purposefully constructing the events via sheer countless representations and appropriations set in almost immediately following the events and has not yet begun to cease. in ten chapters, Cornils provides a discussion of the many contributions in, most notably, scholarship, fiction, film, media, and the arts, that led to the "edifice" (ix) of 1968.Chapter 1, "Heroes and Martyrs," introduces outstanding figures of the German student movement and describes how their portrayal has changed over time. among the many possible figures that deserve attention as representatives of the movement, Cornils pays particular attention to Benno ohnesorg, rudi Dutschke, Joschka fischer, Daniel Cohn-Bendit, and Ulrike Meinhof. Cornils reflects on the limits of his selection of "faces [that] serve as a convenient shorthand for the period" and a projection screen for a "grand, often melodramatic narrative" (36). He posits that each selection privileges a particular interpretation of the events, one of the methodological problems inherent in any analysis of 1968.Chapter 2, "Chroniclers and interpreters," focuses on scholars, in particular historians, political scientists, and sociologists, whose work Cornils credits with providing a comprehensive picture of 1968. Cornils summarizes key research paradigms that understand the student movement for example as a generational narrative, a countercultural movement, a transnational phenomenon, or a utopian conundrum. Cornils questions why few scholars acknowledge their own positionality with respect to the discourse, a discussion that is also notably missing with respect to Cornils's own stance vis-a-vis the student movement. after all, it is clear that in most conversations about the German student movement it matters who is writing about the events 50 years after they occurred.In the third chapter, "Critics and renegades," Cornils provides an overview of some of the loudest and sharpest critics of the movement who, in contrast to the scholars discussed in the previous chapter, make their agenda clear, namely to discredit the student movement.In the fourth and longest chapter, "tale spinners and Poets," Cornils, a literary scholar by training, interprets a sample of literary representations of the student movement as imaginative reconstructions of the time and the events. He claims that novels preserve "emotional memory" (94) and play a key role in the construction of 1968 as a utopian moment. in smaller subchapters, Cornils provides overviews to key writers and their literary contributions, including Peter schneider, Uwe timm, friedrich Christian Delius, erasmus schofer, Jochen schimmang, and Bernd Cailloux. He adds a very useful discussion of those writers who kept their distance from the movement or who only later acknowledged the impact of the movement, among them most notably Gunter Grass. after a rather cursory nod to existing critical literature, Cornils concludes that the texts representing the student movement gain a "subversive potential" (138) by seducing the reader to wish for similar experiences. this chapter provides food for thought for further inquiry into the production and consumption of literary texts and their standing as poetic texts within a discourse that is marked by the tension between the events and their representation, their political and social significance, and their cultural appropriation. …


The article presents the design of experimental digger for tuberous roots, describes its features and operational principle. The basic data and results of experimental researches of the digger are given.


Pastoralism, sedentarisation and state in East Africa.
 To consider sédentarisation as a solution to current problems of recurrent food crisis in pastoral societies located in arid and semi-arid zones is a preconceived notion. In reality, the crisis is caused by sédentarisation rather than nomadism. Confronted with settlement policies, nomadism, thanks to extensive grazing, remains an indispensable strategy for the human occupation of arid zones. The political challenge is not to adopt nomads to preconceived sedentary systems but to improve pastoral life.


"RESISTANCE Sclerotinia rot QTL FOR CONTROL IN SOYBEAN". Markers associated with resistance to Sclerotinia rot are provided. Methods of identifying resistant and susceptible plants, using the markers are provided. Methods for identifying and isolating QTL are a feature of the invention, as are the QTL associated with resistance to Sclerotinia rot.


An event found in a stack of 600 mu Ilford K5 emulsion exposed to a separated beam of K- particles is interpreted as the decay of LAMBDA Li/sup 7/. It gives a value of 5.2 plus or minus 0.5 Mev for the binding energy of the LAMBDA /sup o/. In addition, it is almost certain that the LAMBDA /sup o/ hyperon was produced directly from the capture of the K- meson byO/sup 16/ (J.H.M.)


This is a first-person account of working with public service of microform collections in a large academic library settings. The author describes many of the issues that microform librarians and library workers face and includes detailed information on the collection at her library


In contrast to the traditional crash prediction approach that incorporates crash modification factors into a basic prediction model to better fit the observed crash data, this article provides a new prospective that integrates driving behavior in prediction and generates prediction from the road stretch itself. Speed behavior is chosen as the objective driving behavior for its accessibility and significance in reflection of how drivers react to their driving environment. A 42.67-km stretch of Portuguese road investigated in this study was divided into three road section types: straight sections, single curves and curved segments. Prediction was made from classification focused on relations among road features, speed-related parameters and observed crash frequencies. The results indicate that considering speed behavior is useful and leads to improved prediction. This exploration provides a tool for local road safety prediction in the future.


A preparation method based on the carbon-thermal reduction reaction was proposed to make petroleum coke-based mercury adsorbent. The effects of activation agent flow rate, time and inlet mercury concentration on mercury removal were investigated. Mercury adsorption experiments were carried out on a fixed-bed reactor system under simulated natural gas atmosphere. Meanwhile, the mercury removal mechanism was put forward based on the characterization results, including surface area and micropore structure, element contents and active chemical functional groups. The results show that the raw petroleum coke (RPC) has almost no mercury removal capacity while the mercury removal efficiency of the sulfur activated petroleum coke (SPC) is greatly improved. After activation, specific surface area and micropores increased significantly. The sulfur content increased as well. Meanwhile, the relative content of non-oxidative sulfur forms and oxygen functional groups of SPC are significantly higher than RPC. The optimum parameters of activation agent flow rate and time of 100 mL/min and 1.5 h are reached in this experiment, respectively.


A series of amine-functionalized poly(9,9-dihexylfluorene) (PFH) derivatives, PFH-NH2F-39-1 (P1), PFH-NH2F-19-1 (P2), PFH-NH2F-9-1 (P3), and PFH-NH2F-17-3 (P4), and PFH-NH2F-4-1 (P5), were developed to form organic/inorganic hybrid composites with CdSe/ZnS nanoparticle for polymeric light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The structures and purities of all desired polymers were fully characterized by 1H and 13C NMR, UV−vis and photoluminescent spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography, elemental analyses. The hybrid nanocomposites were in situ formed through these amino-functionalized polyfluorene derivatives doped with core−shell CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs). The detailed characterizations of their photophysical properties revealed that rapid Forster energy transfer from the conjugated polymers to the red-emitting QDs afforded an efficient red color emission. The preliminary polymeric LEDs fabrication with the configuration of ITO/DB/nanocomposites/Al achieved red emission for the in situ prepared hybrid nanocomp...


Innovative polymers and composites are broadening the range of applications and commercial production of thermoplastics. Long fiber-reinforced thermoplastic (LFRT) composite contains glass fiber, which has an aspect ratio greater than 100. This study describes the development of long fiber-reinforced polypropylene (LFRP) composites and the effect of fiber length, fiber content, and compatibilizer content on mechanical and morphological properties. LFRP pellets of different sizes were prepared by extrusion process using a specially designed impregnation die and these pellets were injection molded to develop LFRP composites. Maleic-anhydride grafted polypropylene (MA-g-PP) was chosen as a compatibilizer and its content was optimized. The addition of MA-g-PP enhanced the mechanical properties of LFRP composites, particularly the impact strength. Interfacial shear strength between glass fiber and polypropylene with and without the addition of compatibilizer was also studied. Tensile, flexural, and impact properties improved with increase in fiber length and fiber content. Morphological studies were also carried out to find the fiber length distribution in the injection molded specimens. Average fiber length in the injection-molded sample from 9 mm long pellets remained comparatively higher than that in case of samples from 3, 6, and 12 mm long pellets. The study shows that in a standard injection-molding machine, 9 mm long pellets provide improved performance properties.


Received 05-09-2020 Accepted 17-09-2020 Available Online 26-09-2020 Published 30-09-2020 1 University of Health Sciences, Adana City Research and Training Hospital, Dept of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Adana, TR 2 University of Health Sciences, Adana City Research and Training Hospital, Dept of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Adana, TR * Corresponding Author: Osman Ciloglu E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Leiomyosarcoma of the extremity deep soft tissues: analysis of factors


It has been estimated that fewer than one in five postmenopausal women in the United States has ever been prescribed hormone replacement, that <40% of those prescribed will continue therapy beyond 1 year, and that overall >70% are not compliant with the prescription. Women's experiences and expectations of menopause vary greatly and influence their perceptions and use of hormone replacement. We conducted focus groups involving either African-American or Caucasian women to identify the factors most important to these women regarding menopause. Participants completed menopause-specific questionnaires prior to attending the focus groups. We convened five focus groups, which involved 20 African-American women and 18 Caucasian women. In our samples, the African-American women tended to perceive menopause as a normal stage of life and prefer nonprescription remedies for symptomatic relief of menopausal symptoms. The Caucasian women tended to espouse a medical model of menopause and seek medical attention for symptoms. Both racial groups appeared to be poorly informed about the risks and benefits of hormone replacement, to underestimate the risk of cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis, and to overestimate the risk of cancer. The Caucasian women were more likely to rely on written resources for information on menopause, whereas the African-American women were more likely to rely on family sources. For either group, physicians were not a major resource. Attitudes toward menopause and hormone replacement therapy differ significantly between African-American and Caucasian women, and must be addressed if hormone replacement therapy is to be advocated on a wide scale.


The emergence of hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (HOIPs) have attracted considerable attention due to their electronic and optical properties leading to potential applications, especially photovoltaics technology. The effects of the Formamidinium cation (HC(CH2)2+) or FA cation on cubic/α-Formamidinium lead iodide (HC(CH2)2PbI3) or α-FAPI were thoroughly and systematically investigated. We calculated the electronic band structures and the density of states of FAPI and FAPI without the FA cation including spin-orbit coupling interactions based on the state-of-the-art density functional theory (DFT). The results suggest that, according to the band structures, the FA cation exhibits a couple of nearly non-dispersive bands, whereas it is revealed that the organic cation weakly interacts with the inorganic framework of PbI3 octahedral cage.


Abstract We give a semi-direct product decomposition of the point stabilisers for the enhanced and exotic nilpotent cones. In particular, we arrive at formulas for the number of points in each orbit over a finite field, which is in accordance with a recent conjecture of Achar and Henderson.


When it was released in 1997, GATTACA was a science fiction thriller, a story of a world where the genetically engineered elite have exclusive rights to space travel, and the ?naturally conceived? In-Valids perform the routine, menial tasks to serve and pamper the elite. Vincent, conceived the old fashioned way in the back of a Chevy, was short and had astigmatism and a weak heart. So, his parents, Marie and Antonio, determined not to repeat that mistake, instead opting to give their next child every possible advantage. They also reserved Antonio?s name for their nearly-perfect son.


The blackbody radiation can provide light source for the fiber Fabry-Perot sensor system, but the output signal is difficult to demodulate. Because the signal of Fabry-Perot sensor is modulated by spectrum of blackbody radiation and SNR of signal is low. In this paper, the characteristics of the fiber Fabry-Perot sensor signal based on the blackbody light source were investigated. Effect of spectrum of blackbody radiation and low SNR on demodulation was analyzed. Strain experimental results show that correlation-like algorithm can accurately demodulate the signal when the temperature of the blackbody light source is equal to or higher than 800 °C. The maximum mean square error is $8.375~\mu \varepsilon $ after separating influence of temperature by the relationship between center wavelength of blackbody radiation and temperature. Higher the temperature, higher the demodulation accuracy.


Aimed at the blocking phenomena of plastic film and its influence on processing and application, the causes of blocking and the methods to solve it were expatiated, the ways to test the plastic blocking and coefficient of friction were introduced. The blocking phenomena and its influence on application of normally used preservation film were also presented in this paper.


The cutting model of circular tool is set up with least energy by theoretic analysis, the flow direction is forecasted, and the feasibility is validated. The results show that the theoretical predictions agree well with the experimental results. The work is useful to design model of breaking chip.


Some chemical agents induce kidney cystic changes in vivo comparable to human multicystic kidney disease. The biochemical aspects of human tubular cells were analysed by in vitro culture in the presence of nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA). The uptake of 3H-thymidine in cultured cells in the presence of NDGA was comparable with control cultures, while 3H-hydroxyproline incorporation produced elevated values. The results suggest that NDGA in vitro induces modifications which may be related only to the synthesis of basement membrane components.


There are two important characteristic in the international politics, one is geographical expansion, the other is any kind of activities. The shifting process of the international system emphasize the global military arrangement. Actually, China constructs its new international strategy. The new international strategy simplify geographical "turn left" expansion, north links Russia, south links land ASEAN, west links central Asia, and European. At the same time, Taiwan tries to walk by its way. Taiwan's international strategy that hinted at a drive for geographical "turn right" expansion, it contains several directions, U.S. line across the Pacific, links to central and south Americans, Pacific nations, and proposes new "go south" policy. Paradoxily, the line between the cross strait is hard to erased and fulfill "security without the other". The two sides enlarge its direction and show "too near the geography too far the psychological."


creasingly clear that the word is not ethnic but rather has something to do with the sphere of social legislation.2 The vexing problem of the correct transliteration of the cuneiform word lJa-BI-ru3 as UIabiru or Ijapiru, and the identity of the Semitic root (whether '2lM,4 111, ?1=2, '17) seems now to have been decided by the Ras Shamra texts. Virolleaud announced on June 30, 1939, that these texts proved


Water managers in the Willamette River Basin face a number of difficult and closely interrelated challenges associated with the Endangered Species Act (ESA), the Clean Water Act (CWA), and other associated concerns. For example, under the CWA, the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality (ODEQ) has recently released a total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) for temperature in the Willamette Basin. Some of the major factors impacting temperature in the Willamette include operation of the multiple reservoirs, permitted industrial and municipal discharges, land-use types, and irrigation practices. Possible mitigation strategies include changes in land-use to increase shading along streams, installations to cool or store point-source discharges, changes in how and when water is released from the reservoirs, installation of multiport withdrawal structures on the reservoirs, and remediation of riparian and hyporheic zones. Each of these strategies comes with ecological, economic, and/or social costs and/or benefits that must be weighed and understood before meaningful dialogue about how to best manage the basin can occur. To address this problem a collaborative team from Sandia National Laboratories, the Institute for Water Resources, David Evans and Associates, and the Portland District of the Corps of Engineers have been working with stakeholders in the basin to design and collaboratively develop an integrated systems model of the basin to examine the linkages between the various strategies and their tradeoffs. The model domain includes the main stem of the Willamette, 7 major tributaries, and 12 USACE operated reservoirs. It is built as a series of system dynamics lumped parameter models, and provides real-time feedback and scenario testing capabilities. Outputs from the model include changes in temperature at key monitoring points and costs per kcal of energy saved due to different remediation strategies, relative changes in nutrient loading and CO2 emissions due to riparian shade planting, impacts on recreational opportunities and the economic impacts of those changes, and salmonid habitat suitability as it relates to temperature. This presentation will describe the technical collaborative processes in which the model was developed and how it will be used to inform reservoir operation and other policy decisions in the basin.


N THE organism the genes play a dual r6le. As essential components of sperm and egg they constitute the known elements of heredity. But they also serve in some measure to control the course of events during development. Genetics treats of them only in the first capacity. In studies on inheritance there is little need, as a general rulre, for noting the effects of a gene on the individual except for some single distinctive change. It is only necessary to have a definite external sign indicating the presence of the particular factor in question. Further than this genetics, strictly speaking, is not concerned with the physiological activities of the units with which it deals. The problems of development have been approached along independent lines. The embryologist has undertaken an analysis of the orderly sequence of events by which the egg becomes a more or less highly differentiated organism from a point of view and by methods which are peculiar to his own field. Current hypotheses offered to account for the phenomena observed have been constructed without reference to the gene. It would appear, however, that there is an increasing measure of interest in the view that no theory of development is of requisite breadth which does not take into consideration the directive influence of the gene complex. Concerning the nature of gene action, however, our ignorance is almost complete. Knowledge of the genes as hereditary units has passed far beyond an understanding of these entities in their equally important relation to the developmental process. The student of heredity has long seen in the sharply discontinuous effects of many alternative genetic factors a possible line of attack upon developmental problems. The races he deals with may be looked upon as physiological systems differing in one or more discrete germinal units. He has seen again and again that certain clear-cut changes in the phenotype follow upon the substitution of one allelomorph for another. Might it not be possible, he asks, to trace out the chain of physiological processes linking the superficial effect to the hereditary factor? Such analysis, if successful, should add greatly to an understanding of the character of developmental processes. In the literature of heredity there is abundant evidence to show that the genes are capable of very precise regulation of developmental phenomena. Factors are known affecting all stages in the ontogenetic cycle and it is a well recognized fact that their action may be large or small. Quite aside from the profound


Based on the present situation of laking water and arid weather in Zhangye City,the sprinkler irrigation technique was applied on green belt of Jin Zhangye road.According to the characteristics of design and construction of the system,the application of sprinkler technique on city road was introduced.The practical operation of the system indicated that it could not noly save inrigation water,but also improve the city land scape.Therefore,the technique is of great value to widespread and apply.


The electrodynamics of free carriers in the semimetallic Dirac material $\mathrm{SrMnB}{\mathrm{i}}_{2}$ was investigated using optical spectroscopy and first-principles calculations. Using a two-carrier-model analysis, the total free-carrier response was successfully decomposed into individual contributions from Dirac fermions and non-Dirac free carriers. Possible roles of chiral pseudospin, spin-orbit interaction (SOI), antiferromagnetism, and electron-phonon $(e\text{\ensuremath{-}}ph)$ coupling in the Dirac fermion transport were also addressed. The Dirac fermions possess a low scattering rate of $\ensuremath{\sim}10\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{meV}$ at low temperature and thereby experience coherent transport. However, at high temperatures, we observed that the Dirac fermion transport becomes significantly incoherent, possibly due to strong $e\text{\ensuremath{-}}ph$ interactions. The SOI-induced gap and antiferromagnetism play minor roles in the electrodynamics of the free carriers in $\mathrm{SrMnB}{\mathrm{i}}_{2}$. We also observed a seemingly optical-gap-like feature near 120 meV, which emerges at low temperatures but becomes filled in with increasing temperature. This gap-filling phenomenon is ascribed to phonon-assisted indirect transitions promoted at high temperatures.


To examine the frequency, range, and features of language impairment in a community sample of children with cerebral palsy (CP) aged 5 to 6 years.


At the time that Julian Steward was formulating the Puerto Rico Project, several other approaches to complex societies were being pursued by American anthropologists. Beginning in the 1920s, funders'—and subsequently, New Deal agencies'—interest in addressing social problems impelled microcosmic community studies in the United States. That approach, essentially functionalist and ahistorical, was extended to village studies in other countries, and Redfield's folk-urban continuum became the dominant theoretical framework for comprehending regions within nations. Concurrently, acculturation theory legitimized anthropological interests beyond "primitives" and offered an alternative, two-way cultural contact model. With the onset of World War II, the culture and personality approach was applied to strategic nations, providing holistic configurational depictions of national character. Steward's effort can be seen as a critique of, and alternative to, these approaches that were prevalent in the late 1940s. Building upon his method of cultural ecology, his orientation toward work, and his notions about sociocultural integration, he devised a different way of studying a total society. Steward's framework was modified and expanded by members of his team, both in the field and in the writing of the jointly authored book. While slow to have a wider impact, the project—both in its successes and its limitations—signaled new departures for the anthropological study of the modern world.


Three tropical legumes, Dismodium intortum, Desmodium canum and
Centrosema pubescens, were grown alone and in combination with napier
grass (Pennisetum purpureum) and pangola grass (Digitaria decumbens)
in fresh volcanic cinders under continuously moist climate on the Island
of Hawaii. D. intortum gave high yields of both dry matter (ca. 17,000
pounds per acre) and nitrogen (ca. 300 pounds per acre) in a 12-month
period, and transferred small but significant amounts of nitrogen to its
associated grasses. D. canum yields were low under these conditions,
and the nitrogen yields of grasses associated with this legume were
depressed. C. pubescens in pure stand was intermediate in yield of dry
matter, but equalled D. intortum in nitrogen yield. However, when combined
with grasses, the dry matter and N yields of this legume were
reduced by one-half. Transfer of nitrogen to the grasses by C. pubescens
was noted only when a 6-month growing period was allowed. The total
fixation of nitrogen from the atmosphere during the test period averaged
340 pounds per acre for D. intortum, 82 pounds per acre for D. canum,
and 156 pounds per acre for C. pubescens. Of the total nitrogen fixed
by D. intortum, 5% or less was transferred to the associated grasses;
but with C. pubescens, transfer amounted to 11% of the nitrogen fixed in one instance.


We consider supersymmetric Yang–Mills theory on R × S 1 × S 1 . In particular, we choose one of the compact directions to be light–like and another to be space–like. Since the SDLCQ regularization explicitly preserves supersymmetry, this theory is totally finite, and thus we can solve for bound state wave functions and masses numerically without renormalizing. We present the masses as functions of the longitudinal and transverse resolutions and show that the masses converge rapidly in both resolutions. We also study the behavior of the spectrum as a function of the coupling and find that at strong coupling there is a stable, well defined spectrum which we present. We also find several unphysical states that decouple at large transverse resolution. There are two sets of massless states; one set is massless only at zero coupling and the other is massless at all couplings. Together these sets of massless states are in one–to–one correspondence with the full spectrum of the dimensionally reduced theory.


The following text is a report upon the Congress organized by two scholars of the University of Udine, in order to present new and original contributions in studies related to 1917's Russian Revolution. The main aim of the promoters was to invite best of the Italian experts in Russian and Slavic studies to discuss together in Udine. Thanks to its geographic position and historic heritage Udine seems to be the ideal place to connect Western and Eastern European languages, history and culture. The survey gives a brief account of the organization, scientific program and communications in the two days of the Congress.


Generalized pruritus is defined here as the syndrome of widespread itching occurring in the absence of primary skin lesions. The subject has been reviewed by Cunliffe (1979) and this contribution is restricted to a discussion of some aetiological factors and advances in therapy.


The experiences and achievements, as well as deficiencies on combating sandification in china are reviewed briefly. The principles for ecological construction on combating sandification in sandy disaster affected areas in China are proposed in the paper, which are water balance, landscape and biodiversity, optimal arrangement for land utilization, ecological conservation pri- ority followed with sandification harnessing, and coordination with combating sandification and developing economy in sandy disaster affected areas. The authors divided the sandification af- fected area in China into 4 regions in accordance with the natural conditions and economical development levels, and proposed corespondingly 4 regional ecological construction and industri- al developnent patterns, which included the pattern of Capital region, farming-herdig margional region, steppe region, and desert-oasis region. As the studies on regional ecological construction and the industrial development pattern in sandification affected areas are in a preliminary situaton, the effective approaches on anti-sandification in large area are needed to experiment extensively


In this paper we study about the problems faced by sports students in colleges using Fuzzy cognitive maps (FCM) a well established Artificial Intelligence technique that incorporates ideas from Neural networks and Fuzzy Logic. FCM create models as collections of concepts and the various causal relations that exist between these concepts .The decision capabilities of the FCM structure are examined and a model developed based on the beliefs of a domain expert. The model is examined by both statically using graph theory concepts and dynamically through simulations.


This work proposes NADP-ME activity as bio-indices for herbicidal sensitivity in Azolla pinnata R.Br. under 2,4-D toxicity. Azolla fronds were illuminated under saturated photosynthetic flux and bicarbonate induction. There was significant variation in the NADP-ME activity under light and dark conditions. This increased more when varying concentrations of 2,4-D were used for the up regulation of enzyme activity especially under illumination. There was evident modulation through activators (citrate and succinate) and inhibitors (pyruvate and oxaloacetate) under light and dark conditions at 2,4-D concentration. This occurs at the same time in overriding the herbicidal stress linked to the adjustment of the cellular redox of regulatory sites using dithiothreitol. This shows that Azolla can quench 2,4-D, which suggests  NADP-ME  as a biomarker through its sensitivity and mode of activities under xenobiotic contaminated soil.

 Key words: NADP-malic enzyme, aquatic fern, herbicide, modulators, malate.


and typically the patient has adequate ventilation and depth of anesthesia (on propofol, not volatile agent) to remove the LMA or ETT immediately, transfer to their bed, and exit the OR. Occasionally I will place a soft oral airway (i.e., a nasal trumpet, but typically in the mouth vs. nares) if the patient is prone to obstruction. Frequently I have extubated the patient at skin closure and maintained mask or nasal cannula O2 while dressings are applied. Using this technique I have not seen laryngospasm or emergence delirium. In fact, the patients, especially pediatric patients, have had a quicker, smoother course through the PACU with many PACU nurses being very pleased with the 'ease' of recovery of the patients. I have used this method with adults as well, and have not had any cases of recall (a potential concern with TIVA). I frequently use this with patients who have had previous PONV problems, and have successfully avoided PONV (with additional prophylaxis such as zofran or decadron). This technique may cause apprehension in many anesthesiologists or CRNAs...but it works! I encourage those willing to try it and compare it to traditional techniques. Sincerely Paul J . Fronapfel Department of Anesthesiology Presbyterian Anesthesia Associates Charlotte, NC 28233, USA (email: email@example.com)


The α-decay half-lives around N = Z = 50 isotopes are calculated by using the effective liquid drop model, the generalized liquid drop model and the Royer's formula. It is found that the calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental data. In addition, some α-decay half-lives for the cases where the experimental values are unavailable are predicted, which are useful for future experiments.


u /u∗ 2 = B1 − A1 ln (z/δ) was reported across several high Reynolds number laboratory experiments as predicted from Townsend's attached eddy hypothesis, whereu∗ is the friction velocity andz is the height normalized by the boundary layer thickness δ. A phenomenological explanation for the origin of this log-law in the intermediate region is provided here based on a solution to a spectral budget where the production and energy transfer terms are modeled. The solution to this spectral budget predicts A1 = (18/55)Co/κ 2/3 and B1 = (2.5)A1, where Co and κ are the Kolmogorov and von K´ arm´ an constants. These predictions hold when very large scale motions do not disturb the k −1 scaling existing across all wavenumbers 1/ δ< k < 1/z in the streamwise turbulent velocity spectrum Eu(k). Deviations from a k −1 scaling along with their effects on A1 and B1 are discussed using published data and field experiments. C 2013 AIP Publishing LLC .[ http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4837876]


This paper examines how China's local governments make investment via financing vehicles (LGFVs) and provides new insights on often-criticised LGFVs from a different perspective. Using data for 4,432 LGFVs from 1,225 counties across China between 2005 and 2018, we show that since 2014, the function of LGFVs has changed from financing conduits to conglomerate platforms with more diversified investments. While a certain level of diversification can be a blessing for local economic growth, over-diversification is a curse. Such an inverted U-shaped relationship depends on the condition of the local economy. Over-diversification may lead to rising local debt and crowding-out effects on private investment.


The behavior of bromelain adsorption on the dyeligand affinity membrane was investigated at 277,298 and 310K, which was chitosan (CS) coated to decrease the non-specific adsorption of protein. Reactive Blue 4 was immobilized onto the CS-coated nylon membrane as an affinity ligand. In order to examine the rate limiting step of Reactive Blue 4-immobilized composite membrane adsorption, the two adsorption kinetic model: the pseudo-first-order and the pseudo-second-order were tested with the experiment data. Results indicated that Freundlich isotherm was able to adequately describe the adsorption of bromelain on dye affinity membranes. It was also found that the pseudo-first-order kinetic model described the bromelain adsorption process with a good fitting. Keywords-adsorption; bromelain; Reactive Blue 4; isotherm; kinetic; thermodynamic


At the turn of the century, tuberculous lesions of the skin represented a conglomeration of entities, whose nomenclature were only more confusing than their descriptions. There were those in which acid-fast bacilli were recovered, eg, lupus vulgaris, and those with absent acid-fast bacilli. The latter were partially incriminated either because of positive tuberculin skin tests or the association of pulmonary tuberculosis. In the early 1900s when tuberculosis was so highly prevalent, the finding of acid-fast organisms upon smear examination invariably resulted in a diagnosis of tuberculosis. Culture and chemical testing were invariably bypassed.


Changes to cerebral miRNA expression have been implicated in the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD), as miRNAs that regulate the expression of gene products involved in amyloid beta (Aβ) processing, such as BACE1, are dysregulated in those that suffer from AD. Exercise training improves cognition and reduces BACE1 and Aβ plaque burden; however, the mechanisms are not fully understood. Using our progressive weighted wheel running (PoWeR) exercise program, we assessed the effect of 20 weeks of exercise training on changes in hippocampal miRNA expression in female 3xTg-AD (3xTg) mice. PoWeR was sufficient to promote muscle hypertrophy and increase myonuclear abundance. Further, PoWeR elevated hippocampal Dicer gene expression in 3xTg mice, while altering miRNA expression towards a more wild-type profile. Specifically, miR-29, which is validated to target BACE1, was significantly lower in sedentary 3xTg mice when compared to wild-type, but was elevated following PoWeR. Accordingly, BACE1 gene expression, along with detergent soluble Aβ1-42, were lower in PoWeR trained 3xTg mice. Our data suggest that PoWeR training upregulates Dicer gene expression to alter cerebral miRNA expression, which may contribute to reduced Aβ accumulation and delay AD progression.


The new species lotharmeyerite from the Ojuela mine, Mapimi,
Durango, Mexico was recently described by Dunn (1983). Unfortunately,
the very small crystals in drusy growths which that author
had at his disposal did not permit the determination of a number of
important characteristics. The availability of larger, individual
crystals from the same locality now makes possible a more complete
description of the species.


The invention relates to a method and a device for clamping and unclamping tools (16), which are frictionally held in a sleeve part (12) of a tool holder (10). The clamping and unclamping takes place in that the tool holder (10) by means of the sleeve part (12) comprising, acted upon with alternating current induction coil (26) inductively heated under widening of its bore (20), the tool (16) with its shaft (14 ) is inserted into the expanded bore, or pulled out of the latter and the tool holder (10) is then cooled again. To tools with greater thermal expansion and / or of electrically conductive material once reliably by means of the induction heating and to relax, it is proposed according to the invention that at the adjacent to the free end of the sleeve part end face of the induction coil (26) exiting magnetic concentrated field lines in a pole shoe (34) and protruding below the shield on the tool holder (10) part of the tool (16) in the sleeve part (12) are introduced.


Rodent liver cytosol and other biological systems contain two proteins that bind polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in a non covalent manner and that sediment at a different rate when centrifuged on sucrose gradient. The role of the smaller protein (« 4S » PAH-BP) was studied. When DBA/2N mouse liver homogenate was incubated with 3H-BaP, most of the radioactivity was found in the microsomal subcellular fraction. The cytosol binding activity apparently decreased but reincubation of the cytosol with the radioactive ligand completely restored « 4S » PAH-BP activity. The microsomal uptake of 3H-BaP can be studied in a reconstituted system in which microsomes are incubated with radioactive benzo(a)pyrene in the presence of crude cytosol. In these conditions the microsomal uptake rate of 3H-BaP increased with the temperature and at 37 °C ten minutes were required to reach the plateau. When cytosol was substituted by HEDG buffer, the amount of radioactivity found in the microsomes decreased drastically. 0.2 μM was the benzo(a)pyrene concentration required to saturate the microsomes. When microsomes were incubated with ammonium sulfate cytosolic fractions or with homogeneously purified « 4S » PAH-BP, the 3H-BaP uptake was restored and reached the maximum with 3 μg/ml of purified protein. The radioactive benzo(a)pyrene bound to microsomes was oxidated in the presence of NADPH regenerating system. The oxidated products were discharged from microsomes only when « 4S » PAH-BP was either present during the incubation or added at its end. Thus, this protein is able to transfer benzo(a)pyrene to the microsomal metabolization sites and to facilitate the release of oxidized products and, presumably, bind them.


The purpose of the manual is to provide guidance in diagnosing radon problems in houses as well as in selecting, designing, and installing radon reduction systems. The organization of the manual is designed to guide the user through decision making by stages to the point of operating and maintaining a successful radon reduction system. Note that advice is provided on choosing a professional mitigator to recommend and/or install a mitigation system. The present document focuses on actions that can be taken to reduce the risks associated with indoor radon exposure once a problem has been recognized.


The advent of 5G opens up hitherto unimagined opportunities for delivering the much-anticipated Internet of Vehicles (IoV). There are two typical types of services in IoV, i.e., safety service and non-safety service. However, the existing IoV framework cannot efficiently support the differentiated IoV services. In addition, maximizing the number of accessed vehicles/users is another critical issue in IoV, especially in the dense urban area. To address these problems, in this paper, we utilize the emerging network slicing technology to support different services and employ Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access technology (NOMA) to help increase the connectivity. In particular, for the safety service, we take advantage of the finite blocklength capacity to correctly record the delay. Our goal is to maximize the connectivity of users by jointly considering the user association and their beamforming vectors, under the restrictions of limited physical resource. The problem is formulated as a Mixed-Integer Nonlinear Programming problem (MINLP). To tackle the intractable MINLP, we propose a two-stage scheme. Firstly, we exploit efficient approaches to solve the beamforming problem, i.e., successive convex approximation, semidefinite relaxation and second-order cone programming. Secondly, we propose a low-complexity Greedy User Association (GUA) algorithm to solve the user association problem. Finally, comprehensive simulations verify that our proposed GUA algorithm is close to global optimal solution and outperforms the benchmark schemes.


Intel's Xeon E5-2600 v2 product family processors (architecture code named Ivy Bridge) have been available in the server market for a few months now. Ivy bridge processor based systems provide better performance when compared to previous generation processor families such as Sandy Bridge (Xeon E52600) and Westmere (Xeon X5600). This can be attributed to several factors, such as increased core counts because of the 22nm process technology, higher clock rates, increased system memory speeds and larger last level cache. This performance improvement is shown in several studies mentioned in 1, 2 and 3.


K. Davey and Lanbo Luo, Toward Functional Magnetic Stimulation Theory (FMS) and Experiment, submitted to IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering. (submitted in Jul. 1993). K.R. Davey, et al. An Alloy-Core Electromagnet for Tran scranial Brain Stimulation, J. Clin. Neurophysiol vol. 6, No. 4, p. 354. C.M. Epstein et al., Localizing the Site of Magnetic Brain Stimulation in Humans, Neurology, vol. 40. pp. 666-670. S.M.Hersch et al., Biological Consequence of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on the Mouse, Society for Neuro science Abstracts, vol. 16, 551.7. J.D. Weissman et al., Magnetic Brain Stimulation and Brain Size: Relevance to animal studies, vol. 85, pp. 215-219.


Acoustic measurements of insertion loss and echo reduction at normal incidence were made for several materials for evaluation of their use as underwater sound transducer windows in the frequency range of 50–500 kHz. Materials tested included the commercial polyurethane products such as PR‐1527, CPC‐19, Scotchcast 221, Scotchcast 8, and some of these materials with talc added during curing to vary the density. Values of sound velocity are derived from the echo reduction data and allow determination of ρc values for each material. A computer model of the echo variation with frequency accurately matches the measured echo reduction plots.


I am sure that every new Editor-in-Chief of Proceedings of the Royal Society A says what a great honour and exciting prospect it is—I am equally sure that, like me, they really do mean it. Trawling through 'Proc A', it is profoundly humbling to discover papers by so many giants in the history of science, such as James Clerk Maxwell [1], Michael Faraday [2], Paul Dirac [3], Dorothy Hodgkin [4], Werner Heisenberg [5], Rosalind Franklin [6], Ernest Rutherford [7], Erwin Schrödinger [8], Niels Bohr [9], Lord Rayleigh [10], Lord Kelvin [11], Kathleen Lonsdale [12], Max Born [13], Linus Pauling [14], J. J. Thomson [15] and a great many others. There are celebrated partnerships here too such as W. H. Bragg & W. L. Bragg [16], Crick & Watson [17], Geiger & Marsden [18], Brewer & Dobson [19] and Hawking & Penrose [20]. There are also names with a special importance in my own field such as Oliver Heaviside [21], George Fitzgerald [22], Karl Friedrich Gauss [23], John Tyndall [24], John Dalton [25], Edward Sabine [26], Edward Appleton [27], Ruby Payne-Scott [28], C. T. R. Wilson [29], Hannes Alfvén [30] and Sydney Chapman [31]. The role of Proc A has changed considerably over the years. The number of sub-disciplines in the physical sciences has grown dramatically, and with it, there has been a proliferation in specialist journals. Naturally, these have tended to become the journals of choice with scientists and engineers who wish to communicate only with experts in their specialist areas. Long before the establishment of these specialist journals, however, Proc A was already providing an outlet for a wide variety of emerging research. This is a tradition that myself and the Editorial Board are keen to continue and in doing so, will search for new, emerging areas of physical, mathematical and computational science and engineering. Our hope is to offer these emerging areas an 'academic home', at least until such time that they establish their own specialist journals. Proc A is unique in that over the years, it has remained broad in scope yet excellent in quality; a combination which facilitates opportunities for interdisciplinary research, and the communication of top quality advances to a wider community of scientists. For example, I am a space physicist with a particular focus on solar magnetic variability and its effects on near-Earth space and Earth's atmosphere. For me, one of the great


This paper analyzes the prediction model of a nonlinear model predictive formation controller (NMPFC) applied to control the formation of a team of omni directional mobile robots. The prediction model calculates future formation behaviors with respect to obstacles, team mates in formation, target, orientation, position in formation and control effort using a kinematic model to predict most of the formation terms. Nevertheless, the prediction of the robots in formation can be done by either dynamic models or pure kinematic models. Therefore, this paper presents an analysis in order to find a balanced robot's prediction model that stimulates the robots the converge in less time and minimizing the controller's cost function. Finally, results of experiments with simulated robots are presented and discussed.


This article analyses the indebtedness of the companies that belong to the Spanish ho- tel industry. At the same time, there have been done some segmentation in the sample attending dif- ferent criteria to refine the study. The internationalisation process in which multinational Spanish hotel companies are at present im- mersed requires a new approach to their financial strategies, which will either alter or has already mo- dified their traditional sources of financing. The form of expansion chosen in this process has an im- pact on the pace and volume of the funds needed for it. We incorporate other items to observe different behaviour among hotel companies in relation with their indebtedness process. Among analysed factors, we can observe the importance of solvency, liquidity and structure. It is also relevant the hotel industry mean to explain individual indebtedness.