The banking industry has such a dramatic impact on the economy. It helps people start new businesses, fund new lines of equipment, and provide working capital management, allowing companies to hire new employees and introduce new products. Commercial banks play an important role in the financial system and the economy. They provide specialized financial services, which reduce the cost of obtaining information about both savings and borrowing opportunities. These financial services help to make the overall economy more efficient. The cooperative banking sector is one of the main partners of Indian banking structure, the cooperative banks have more reach to the rural India, through their huge network of credit societies in the institutional credit structure. The government of India passed the first cooperative credit societies act in 1904.The cooperative sector has played a key role in the economy of the country and always recognized as an integral part of our national economy. Cooperatives have ideological base, economic objects with social outlook and approach. The cooperative banks have to act as a friend, philosopher and guide to the entire cooperative structure. The study is based on the two main co-operative banks in the state of Himachal Pradesh (India).The study of the bank"s performance along with the lending practices provided to the customers is herewith undertaken. The customer has taken more than one type of loan from the banks. Moreover they suggested that the bank should adopt the latest technology of the banking like ATMs, internet / online banking, credit cards etc. so as to bring the bank at par with the private sector banks.


In this paper, an analytical model was proposed to describe the filtration process applicable to a base soil-filter system. The Navier-Stokes equation for porous media was used to capture the hydrodynamic behavior, while numerically a new algorithm has been proposed to solve the Navier-Stokes equation in non-linear form. The various mixtures of base particles eroded and water flow within the system was computed using the work-energy principle incorporating the constriction size of the filter. The model can assess the filtration process through the flow rate, and the accumulation and erosion of base soil within the filter. By discretising the base soil and filter domains into discrete elements, the model can predict the time dependent particle gradation of the filter for each element. Laboratory tests reported in other studies and those conducted by the Authors have verified the validity of the model, in relation to other available models.


(1877). Monographs on the British Fossil Reptilia of the Mesozoic Formations. Part III. Pages 95–97; Plates XXIII, XXIV. (Omosaurus.) Monographs of the Palaeontographical Society: Vol. 31, No. 141, pp. 95-97.


Adverse selection expand the auditing expectation gap to some extent,and the inevitable trend of reversed adverse selection holds interest game in risk selection and commitment to responsibility.There exists interest game between the certified public accountant and the information provider due to information contract,while the information provider prefers adverse selection for his or her favorable information,and the trend will be strong because of incomplete auditing market and capital market.Therefore,according to "professional suspicion" and "reasonable assurance",we should increase a special procedure-human environmental testing and evaluation-to refine criteria of professional responsibility and to design auditing procedures and define risk areas properly.


Wastewater based epidemiology (WBE) is a useful method to detect pathogen prevalence and may serve to effectively monitor diseases at a broad scale. WBE has been used throughout the COVID-19 pandemic to track localized and population-level disease burden through the quantification of SARS-CoV-2 RNA present in wastewater. Aside from case load estimation, WBE is being used to assay viral genomic diversity and the emergence of potential SARS-CoV-2 variants.

Here, we present a study in which we sequenced RNA extracted from sewage influent samples obtained from eight wastewater treatment plants representing 16 million people in Southern California over April 2020 - August 2021. We sequenced SARS-CoV-2 with two methods: Illumina Respiratory Virus Enrichment and metatranscriptomic sequencing (N = 269), and QIAseq SARS-CoV-2 tiled amplicon sequencing (N = 95). We were able to classify SARS-CoV-2 reads into lineages and sublineages that approximated several named variants across a full year, and we identified a diversity of single nucleotide variants (SNVs) of which many are putatively novel SNVs, and SNVs of unknown potential function and prevalence. Through our retrospective study, we also show that several sublineages of SARS-CoV-2 were detected in wastewater up to several months before clinical detection, which may assist in the prediction of future Variants of Concern. Lastly, we show that sublineage diversity was similar between wastewater treatment plants across Southern California, and that diversity changed by sampling month indicating that WBE is effective across megaregions.

As the COVID-19 pandemic moves to new phases, and additional SARS-CoV-2 variants emerge, the ongoing monitoring of wastewater is important to understand local and population-level dynamics of the virus. Our study shows the potential of WBE to detect SARS-CoV-2 variants throughout Southern Californias wastewater and track the diversity of viral SNVs and strains in urban and suburban locations. These results will aid in our ability to monitor the evolutionary potential of SARS-CoV-2 and help understand circulating SNVs to further combat COVID-19.


This paper presents architecture principles and design strategies for LSI-processors. It discuss why these techniques are different of those used for SSI and MSI made processors and their evolution with LSI-processor complexity.


In order to qualitatively examine the spider fauna of Bangtaesan (Mt.) of Inje-gun, Gangwon-do, 4 collection sessions were conducted between May and October of 2010. A total of 479 spiders were collected in Bangtaesan (Mt.), at 128 species of 86 genera in 27 families, and coniferous forest zone or mixed tree forest zone, characterized by the dominance of conifers, displayed higher number of species than decideous forest zone. In terms of family, Linyphiidae included the highest number of species (18 species, 14.1%), followed by Theridiidae (16 species, 12.5%), Araneidae (14 species, 11.0%), Salticidae (13 species, 10.2%) and Tetragnathidae (9 species, 7.0%). Four species, Nesticella mogera of family Nesticidae, Clubiona lena of Clubionidae, Phrurolithus sinicus of Corinnidae and Synagelides zhilcovae of Salticidae, were discovered for the first time in Korean mountains. Zoogeographically, spiders in Bangtaesan (Mt.) displayed 1 cosmopolitan species, with holarctic region and palearctic region species making up 14.1% and endemic species making up 7.8% of the species observed during the study. This shows that spider fauna of Bangtaesan (Mt.) experience northern influence. The result of this study provides an inventory of mountain spiders and information regarding the region's biodiversity, and the results will not only become useful for the effective management and long-term use of national biological resources, but will also become a highly important data for the preservation of biodiversity based on changes in distribution, time and space.


Based on expounding the importance of mechanical coefficients for anchor cables design,some methods and steps which are used to get mechanical coefficients of anchor cables are presented,and the criterion of losing efficacy in anchor is given.An example is put forward with useful process record and data of the experiment which induce some methods and conclusions,which may be used for reference in other design and construction like this.


FIELD: information technologies. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method of matching a communication protocol between a terminal and a network subject, for instance, to matching of a version of a Secure User Plane Location (SUPL) between a terminal with SUPL support and a network object. The method to match a version of location detection in a secure user plane (SUPL) includes transferring a message of SUPL initiation from a platform of SUPL location with SUPL support. The SUPL initiation message identifies a range of SUPL versions capable of supporting the desired service; and receiving a response from a terminal with SUPL support, which is based at least partially on capability of a terminal with SUPL support to support at least one of the versions included into the specified range. EFFECT: reduced delay in matching SUPL versions between a network object and a terminal with SUPL support. 38 cl, 13 dwg


Taking the listed companies in 2015-2018 as a sample, the paper discusses the influence of the shareholding ratio of senior executives on the enterprise's dual innovation, and examines the adjustment effect between the senior management qualifications and the senior management term. Through research, it is found that executive stock holding can promote the use of innovation, but there is no significant positive correlation with exploratory innovation; executive education plays a regulatory role between executive stock ownership and corporate use innovation; The term of executive management has played a regulatory role between executive shareholding and exploratory innovation. From the perspective of senior management, this paper studies the internal mechanism of its influence on enterprise dual innovation, further enriches the theoretical content of dual innovation, and has important practical guiding significance for enterprises to carry out innovation activities.


With the present study, the necessity of carrying out tests to select the most suitable restoration treatment is remarked. Showing how the results obtained evidence the products behaviour, although knowing and evaluating limitations due to laboratory tests, different to real conditions.


The recovery of cumulus oocyte complexes(COCs),dynamics of meiosis and the relationship between COC morphology and GV chromatin configuration of porcine oocytes in pre ovulatory follicles were investigated at different time after hCG injection.The results were as follows:(1)The rate of oocyte recovery at 4 hours(53 1%) was significantly( P 0 05) lower than those at 18,22 and 24 hours(71 2%,76 5% and 70 0%,respectively) after hCG injection.(2)Most COCs recovered at 18,22 and 24 hours post hCG injection(98 9%,98 0% and 91 4%,respectively) showed expanded cumulus,but none of those recovered 4 hours after hCG injection showed cumulus expansion. (3)Germinal vesicle began to break down at about 18 hours after hCG injection,and by 22 24 hours after hCG injection,the rate of germinal vesicle breakdown reached 58 4% 60 0%.(4)The GV chromatin configuration in oocytes with expanded cumulus was different.The rate of GV 1 oocytes in COCs with expanded cumulus and a piece of slightly expanded granulosa cells(69 6%) was significantly higher than that of COCs with fully expanded cumulus(47 8%) and that of COCs with a partially expanded corona radiata and the outer part of expanded cumulus dissociated(29 3%),but the percentages of oocytes undergoing GVBD in the latter two cases(40% and 44%,respectively) were markedly higher than that in the former(27%).


A method of general design of regional passenger planes for transportation of passengers, baggage, mail and cargo on domestic and international airlines with the possibility of operating on airfields with concrete and prepared unpaved runways is proposed. Airplane is designed to replace the outdated Tu-134 passenger aircraft in the fleet of airlines of the CIS and other countries. The concept of creating an aircraft using integrated design systems has been developed. The effect of the aircraft parameters on the aerodynamic and mass characteristics was taken into account, subject to the requirements for layout and flight safety. The range of variation of the aircraft modifications parameters has been determined. The method has been tested by comparing the obtained parameters with the regional passenger aircraft of the Antonov State Enterprise.The aircraft features a modern aerodynamic configuration and efficient engines. Modern flight and navigation equipment and radio communication equipment, the use of multifunctional indicators, electrical distant flight control system allowing them to be used on any airways, in simple and complex meteorological conditions, day and night, and on routes with high flight intensity at high comfort level of passengers and crew.Passenger comfort is provided at the average level of long-haul aircraft, and is achieved by a rational layout and composition of service rooms, deep ergonomic optimization of the overall and individual space of the passenger compartment. The aircraft fully complies with the AP-25 airworthiness standards.The main technical characteristics of the aircraft are comparable to the characteristics of the analogue aircraft of Embraer and Bombardier companies. In addition, the aircraft has several advantages, such as the ability to operate on aerodromes with poorly prepared and unpaved runways, the presence of a door-ramp, high engine safety from damage by foreign objects, a high level of passenger comfort and large luggage racks, high efficiency of operation; high level of competitiveness in the global market


For Hamiltonians periodic in time, we obtain under certain assumptions a condition which is necessary and sufficient for the existence of quasiperiodic pointwise solutions to the Schrodinger equation. Orthonormality and completeness of these functions in L2(Rn) are investigated, and the time‐displacement operator is considered as a sum of quasiperiodic terms.


The visual quality of a river basin and its associated properties can be identified, evaluated and integrated into the landscape planning process. The model developed provides a quantitative methodology for determining visual quality on the basis of available Geographic Information System factors. These factors are utilized to develop the preference attributes, COLOR, FORM, TEXTURE and LINE, which are associated with the assessment of visual quality. The preference attributes are then combined through a decision making process into a continuum of DISTINCTIVE, GOOD, AVERAGE and MINIMAL visual quality and · is expressed digitally in map format. By providing visual quality information in a digital format it can be_treated as a discrete component of the planning process similar to physical, cultural and economic attributes.


The practice of assessing student poetry is neither widespread nor widely theorised. In fact, its absence in the literature is itself worthy of comment and conjecture. This article begins with an account of a writing workshop for pre-service teachers, which highlighted the way participants found themselves tongue-tied when asked to engage in the constructive critique of others' poems. It then moves to a broad consideration of what constitutes assessment in the educational context before considering some problematics in respect of the assessment of poetry. It problematises the assessment of poetry in the classroom context by use of the trope of the figure of Truffaldino, Goldini's servant of two masters. In this case, Truffaldino is viewed as serving two discursive masters: literary criticism and high-stakes educational assessment discourse. After a selective literature review which looks at how this dual allegiance is played out in the literature of poetry assessment, it reports on a small, case study in a New Zealand school, where the drama of dual allegiance was played out with certain effects. The article concludes with some overall reflections on the issues raised.


Ghigo, E., G. Aimaretti, M. Maccario, G. Fanciulli, E. Arvat, F. Minuto, G. Giordano, G. Delitala, and F. Camanni. Dose-response study of GH effects on circulating IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels in healthy young men and women. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Endocrinol. Metab. 39): E1009–E1013, 1999.—The aim of our study was to define the dose-response effect of a short-term treatment with different recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) doses (1.25, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, and 20.0 μg·kg21 ·day21 for 4 days) on insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein (IGFBP)-3 levels in 21 normal young adults of both sexes. The dose of 1.25 μg/kg rhGH did not modify IGF-I levels. The dose of 2.5 μg/kg rhGH significantly increased IGF-I levels in men (P , 0.05) but not in women, whereas the higher doses increased IGF-I levels in both sexes (P , 0.002). IGFBP-3 levels were not modified by 1.25 or 2.5 μg/kg rhGH in either sex. On the other hand, 5.0 μg/kg increased IGFBP-3 levels in men (P , 0.05) but not in women, whereas the higher doses increased IGFBP-3 levels similarly in both sexes (P , 0.02). In conclusion, our results demonstrate that IGF-I and IGFBP-3 responses to rhGH are dose and sex dependent. However, IGFBP-3 is less sensitive than IGF-I to rhGH stimulation.


The paper addresses a problem of the decomposition of experimental data representing acoustic velocity field into orthogonal modes using Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD). The main goal was to find the conditions, which have to be fulfilled if we want to compare POD results with classical Fourier spectral analysis, which is fundamental tool used in acoustics. Some numerical experiments were done, in which artificial sound fields were generated representing one pure tone and two pure tones travelling wave. In following steps the amplitudes and signal-to-noise ratios were manipulated. The artificial data have a form of snapshots, which in real measurement conditions can be obtained using the phase-locked particle image velocimetry technique (PIV). The POD applied in postprocessing stage allows the breakdown of an observed sound field into dynamically relevant and coherent structures and thus aids in the characterization and quantification of physical phenomena in near acoustic field of real sound sources. The in-deep knowledge of POD features applied to harmonic signals is crucial. From metrological point of view the POD also helps to increase of the signal-to-noise ratio, what is especially important in noninvasive observation of low level sound fields by means of particle image velocimetry.


The present invention relates to a solid, anhydrous cosmetic composition comprising: a) at least 10% by weight relative to the weight of the composition, of one or more phenyl silicone nonvolatile oils having no dimethicone fragment; b) at least one organic filler with a content of less than 8% by weight relative to the weight of the composition; c) at least one vinyl polymer comprising at least one unit derived from carbosiloxane dendrimer. It also relates to a makeup process and / or care of the lips in which is applied to the lips, the above composition.


Abstract—Cognitive Radio (CR) is the upand-coming technology for sustaining dynamic spectrum access. To detect the presence of the primary users in a licensed spectrum is a elementary problem for cognitive radio. In cognitive radio networks, the performance of the spectrum sensing depends on the sensing time and the fusion scheme. These schemes are used when cooperative sensing is applied. In this paper, spectrum sensing techniques such as energy detection, matched filtering detection, cyclostationary detection and waveform based sensing methods are discussed. Energy detection is most commonly used in local spectrum sensing. This paper gives the overview about comparison between different methods. It helps to find the better method of spectrum sensing.


Abstract Frail community-dwelling older adults increasingly receive home care and continue to face barriers to participating in physical activity (PA) that could help maintain their function. Home care aides (HCAs) are well-positioned to promoting PA among older home care recipients because of their established relationship and regular interpersonal exchanges; yet, the role of HCAs in promoting and supporting PA in home care settings is seldomly studied. Using the quantitative and qualitative data from a 4-month home-based gentle PA intervention delivered by HCAs to their clients in a Medicaid-funded home care setting, the current study examined whether outcome expectations for exercise (OEE) held by HCAs led to client PA outcomes (i.e. functional limitations and physical performance) through social support for exercise (SSE) provided by HCAs. Longitudinal mediation analysis of 46 HCA-client dyads showed that higher baseline OEE held by HCAs were related to greater SSE reported by clients after the intervention (p<.05; bootstrapped standard errors), controlling for client-level covariates, including baseline OEE, age, gender, comorbidity, and whether HCA was client's family member. Unexpectedly, SSE did not have significant association with client PA outcomes nor mediated the relationship between OEE held by HCAs and client PA outcomes. Qualitative data suggested alternative factors may explain the results, such as clients' family beliefs in the intervention and clients' participation experiences (such as expectation fulfillment). Future research should consider older home care clients' family contexts to enhance our understanding of HCAs' roles in preserving the function of growing numbers of older home care recipients.


With the rapid development of internet technology, network culture has come to a brand new campus phenomenon which has already had great effects on the life, learning and ideology of teachers and students. Network culture has its own features, offering opportunities as well as a great challenge to the ideological work in colleges. In such a background as network culture, it is very urgent to improve the ideological education for all colleges and to get at it, the aim and principle for the construction of campus network culture must be made clear and definite to lead the "two self-disciplines and strengthen the "four constructions" so as to have the aim to bring the ideological education into network come true.


I. Introduction - Multilingual Documentation and Communication.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Key Players.- 3. The Cognitive Basis of Translation.- 4. User Participation in Software Development.- 4.1 User Requirements Study.- 4.2 Software Testing and Evaluation - Integrating the User into the Software Development Process.- 5. TWB in the Documentation Context.- 5.1 The Context of Translation Tools.- 5.2 Text Control.- 5.3 Translation Preparation Tools.- 5.4 Translation Tools.- 5.5 Post-Translation Tools.- 6. Market Trends for Text Processing Tools.- II. Translation Pre-Processes - The "Input" Resources.- 7. Document access - Networks and Converters.- 7.1 The Use of Standards for Access from TWB to External Resources.- 7.2 Remote Access to the METAL Machine Translation System.- 7.3 Word Processor ODA Converters.- 7.4 Access to a Remote Term Bank: EURODICAUTOM.- 8. General Language Resources: Lexica.- 8.1 The Compilation Approach for Reusable Lexical Resources.- 8.2 The Dictionary of Commerce, Finance, and Law (HFR-Dictionary).- 9. Special Language Resources: Termbank, Cardbox.- 9.1 The TWB Termbank.- 9.2 The Cardbox.- 10. Creating Terminology Resources.- 10.1 Background.- 10.2 The Systematic Elicitation of Terms: A Life-Cycle Model.- 10.3 The Life-Cycle Model of Term Elicitation: Outline of Computing Resources.- 10.4 Term Bank Record Format.- 10.5 Monitoring the Life-Cycle Phases.- 10.6 Corpus-Based Approach.- 10.7 Language-Specific Issues: Progress and Problems.- 10.8 Conclusions.- 10.9 Appendix.- III. Translation Processes - Tools and Techniques.- 11. Currently Available Systems: METAL.- 11.1 System Architecture.- 11.2 The Translation Environment.- 11.3 The Translation Kernel.- 11.4 METAL and TWB.- 12. Translation Memory.- 12.1 Introduction.- 12.2 State of the Art.- 12.3 The TWB Approach.- 12.4 A Brief Description of the Implemented System.- 12.5 Evaluation of the Translation Memory - First Results After Training Spanish-German, Spanish-English, German-English.- 12.6 Future Outlook.- 12.7 Annex A: Growth of the Databases.- 12.8 Annex B: An Example of Training.- 13. Extended Termbank Information.- 13.1 Unilingual and Language-Pair Specific Information.- 13.2 Types of Terminological Information.- 13.3 Transfer Comments.- 13.4 Encyclopaedia.- IV. Translation Post-Processes - The 'Output' Resources.- 14. Proof-Reading Documentation - Introduction.- 15. Word- and Context-Based Spell Checkers.- 15.1 Spanish Spell Corrector.- 15.2 Extended Spelling Correction for German.- 16. Grammar and Style Checkers.- 16.1 German Grammar Checker: Efficient Grammar Checking with an ATN-Parser.- 16.2 Spanish Grammar Checker.- 16.3 Verification of Controlled Grammars.- 17. Automatic Syntax Checking.- 17.1 Introduction.- 17.2 A Word-Oriented Approach to Syntax.- 17.3 Syntax Description by Equation and Unification.- 17.4 Parsing Based on the Slot and Filler Principle.- 17.5 Parallelism as a Guideline for the System's Architecture.- 17.6 Error Detection and Correction Without any Additional Resources.- 18. Greek Language Tools.- 18.1 Introduction.- 18.2 Background.- 18.3 Greek Language Tools.- 18.4 Lexicon Development.- 18.5 Statistical Information.- 18.6 Exploitation.- V. Towards Operationality - A European Translator's Workbench.- 19. Integrating Translation Resources and Tools.- 19.1 Translation Assistant Editor - Multilingual Text Processing with Personal Computers.- 19.2 The UNIX Integration Procedure.- 20. Software Testing and User Reaction.- 20.1 Software Quality - The User Point of View.- 20.2 Results of Tests and Evaluation.- 20.3 Concluding Remarks.- 21. Products.- 21.1 Tangible Products: SNI.- 21.2 Products Planned by TA.- References.- Index of Authors.


To establish a direct PCR method for the detection of Trypanosoma evansi from blood samples,primers were designed to amplify the DNA fragment of T.evansi kDNA under optimizing conditions.Ampdirect was applied to extract kinetoplast DNA from blood samples spotted on filter paper.The amplified fragment of DNA was 364 bp while there was no cross-reaction with T.brucei brucei and T.vivax,and it was capable to detect at least to 0.06 pg DNA of T.evansi.The direct PCR enabled to detect T.evansi infection 3 d after experimental inoculation,and with higher sensitivity than that of microscopic examination.The described direct PCR method is simple,rapid,highly sensitive and specific for T.evansi detection,and provide a valuable tool for early infection diagnosis and epidemiological survey of trypanosomosis.


The inherent instabilities associated with the development of multispecies biofilm communities within the constant‐depth film fermenter (CDFF) and other microcosm systems can yield unacceptable variability between experiments, which could limit their potential applications in oral microbiology. The extent of this variability needs to be determined and a protocol developed which minimizes it.


Objective An LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of CTN986,rutin and troxerutin in mice plasma was developed and validated for the pharmacokinetics study.Methods Plasma samples were prepared by C 18 solid-phase extraction.Isocratic chromatographic separation was performed on a reversed-phase Discovery C 18 column(250 mm × 4.6 mm,5 μm). The mobile phase was methanol-isopropanol-water-formic acid(36∶ 8∶ 56∶ 0.1,V / V / V / V).Detection of CTN986,rutin,troxerutin and the internal standard(IS) CTN987 was achieved by ESI-MS / MS in the positive ion mode using m / z 743 →m/z 303,m/z 611 →m/z 303,m / z 743 →m/z 435 and m/z 727→m/z 287 transitions,respectively.Results The method was proved to be linear from 4 to 800 ng /ml for CTN986,rutin and troxerutin when 100 μl plasma was analyzed.The lower limit of quantification was 4 ng / ml.The intraand inter-day precision values were both below 14.65%,and accuracy ranged from-0.34% to 11.75% in all quality control samples.The validated method was successfully applied to the investigation of the pharmacokinetic profile of CTN986,rutin and troxerutin in mice.Conclusion The method is proved to be suitable for the pharmacokinetic study of CTN986,rutin and troxerutin.


A 1/3 scale model static test program was conducted to measure the noise levels and reverse thrust performance characteristics of wing-mounted thrust reverser that could be used on an advanced augmentor wing airplane. The configuration tested represents only the most fundamental designs where installation and packaging restraints are not considered. The thrust reverser performance is presented in terms of horizontal, vertical, and resultant effectiveness ratios and the reverser noise is compared on the basis of peak perceived noise level (PNL) and one-third octave band data (OASPL). From an analysis of the model force and acoustic data, an assessment is made on the stopping distance versus noise for a 90,900 kg (200,000 lb) airplane using this type of thrust reverser.


In the traditional exhibition, it is limited by the space of the venue and the scarcity of precious objects. With the help of 3D scanning technology and mixed reality technology, various restrictions can be reduced to see more exhibits. Use 3D scanning to obtain 3D data of items, generate 3D high-precision digital models, and then display interactively with exhibits through mixed reality technology.


The change of bacterial communities during cyanobacterial bloom was analyzed by DGGE in Daechung Reservoir from July to October in 2003. The traditional morphological analysis showed that the genera of Microcystis, Chroococcus, Oscillatoria, and Phormidium were dominated. The most frequent band in the DGGE profile by 16S rDNA sequence analysis was identified as Microcystis flos-aquae and the cyanobacterial bloom was peaked on September 2. Oscillatoria spp. were also identified and Aphanizomenon flos-aquae dominated in the middle of August. Judging from the analysis of the digitalized DGGE profiles using the cluster analysis technique, the microbial community on September 2 was considerably different from others. Consequently, it seems that the gene fingerprinting method can give not only the similar results to the traditional morphological method but also additional information on the bacterial species and similarity among the examined microbial communities.


The status of ocean remote sensing is becoming more and more important. There are all kinds of resources in ocean and many ships on the sea. It is necessary for people to detect or observe these objects to know more about the natural resources and to ensure safety of ships. The paper concentrated on a compact design of a small space camera. An oscillating mirror was designed in the camera for a small volume. After that, structure analysis was done by traditional method and reduced method. The key step of reduced method was to get the reduced model. The analysis result showed that the reduced method could not only cut down the cost of computing, but also give a result with good accuracy. Besides, the analysis result indicated that the small space camera could undergo the strict load cases smoothly. The design in this paper may give some guidance to other designers and engineers when they are going to make a small space camera for ocean remote sensing.


Hybrids between shortleaf and slash pine were made by controlled pollination with each species used alternatively as the female parent. Hybrids with shortleaf as the female parent survived planting better than those with slash as the female parent. In all other respects-height, d.b.h., and resistance to diseases and insectsthe species used as female parent did not affect resulting progeny. Additional keywords Cronartium fusiforme, interspecific hybridization.


The concrete structures in marine environment has been used type V cement(sulfate-resisting Portland cement), but according to the study results reported recently, the question has been raised for effect of the resistance to salt attack of the concrete using type V cement. It is increased the demand...


Shunts, the main treatment for hydrocephalus, are problematic because they frequently malfunction. Detecting shunt malfunction is challenging because symptoms are similar to those of common childhood illnesses, particularly viral infections. Parents are responsible for identifying shunt malfunction and responding accordingly. Understanding parents' experiences has the potential to improve parent–professional collaboration and the management of the child's condition.


to ensure for the patient optimal retention and stabi-lisation of the prosthetic restoration. Such a restoration must functionally, aesthetically and phonetical-ly satisfy the patient. Whether the condition of the lower edentulousness with implantoprosthetic rehabilitation is solved with a mobile prosthetic or fixed prosthetic superstructure depends on the possibilities of inserting a particular number of implants, the patient's wish and also financial possibilities. The paper presents the case of a 58-year-old female patient who came to the surgery because of loose fixed prosthetic devices in the lateral region of periodontologically compromised frontal lower jaw. The patient had a total denture in the upper jaw with which she was satisfied. After radiographic treatment extraction of the remaining teeth was indicated and implantoprosthetic rehabilitation agreed. With the healing of the extractive wounds, a further orthopantomogram showed the possibility of inserting only four Ankylos implants in regions 46, 43, 33, 36. The patient expressed the desire to again have fixed prosthetic rehabilitation. As a compromise , at the end of osseointegration, the implants were loaded with a removable bridge on the telescope principle. The paper presents one of the methods of implantoprosthetic rehabilitation of the atro-phic lower jaw. može preporučiti kao jedno od rješenja implantopro-tetičke terapije potpune bezubosti gornje čeljusti. Implantoprosthetic rehabilitation of the upper jaw can be done in several ways. The plan and possible therapy depend on the general health of the patient, local clinical radiographic finding and financial possibilities of the patient. In this paper we show the construction of a reduced vironit prosthesis on 4 previously placed implants in the upper jaw. This example shows satisfactory results with regard to aesthetics and function and can therefore be recommended as a solution for implantoprosthet-ic therapy of total edentulousness of the upper jaw. Oseointegrirani usadci i protetske suprastruktu-re već su danas oblik standardne skrbi za pacijente u kojih postoji gubitak jednog ili svih zuba u obje čeljusti. Polako, ali sigurno, protetski radovi noše-ni oseointegriranim usadcima preuzimaju prednost pred konvencionalnim protetskim tehnikama lije-čenja potpune ili djelomične bezubosti. Indikacije za protetske radove koje podupiru oseointegrirani usadci jesu: a) bezubi pacijenti; b) pacijenti nosi-telji proteza koji ne mogu ili odbijaju nositi mobil-ne proteze; c) pacijenti s jednostranom bezubošću


The paper analyzed the status of aquatic product on network retail.After discussed the 4P e-marketing strategies of pikeplacefish.com,the integrating service strategies were proposed.The website of aquatic product would be orientated to a marketing platform and take advantage of the technical advantage of Web2.0.In order to promote the marketing,the combined polices would be constructing on e-markting.


5-minute pieces of cardiointervalography (CIG) with allocation of RR-and ST ranges in comparison are studied in the presented work. For the first time functional approach (subphase analysis of CIG) is offered, allowing at systemic level quantitatively to estimate the molecular and biophysical phenomena occurring in plateau phase of action potential of contractile cardiomyocyte according to dispersion of ST segment.


The rise of conscious aestheticism characteristic of the Italian Renaissance was a dominant factor in the development of the minor arts of the period. As in mediaeval times, sculptors and goldsmiths continued to make the crosses and other objects necessary for the service of the Church, and to portray the traditional religious themes. But they also began to produce small pieces of all kinds which were valued as independent works of art regardless of their function or the content implicit in the subject matter. One of the chief manifestations of this new type of minor art was the rise of the plaquette and the statuette. In the beginning this type of Kleinplastik preserved sufficient content and interest in subject matter to balance the aesthetic interest. But this content was gradually lost and the art declined to a purely decorative level. In the objects of the minor arts of the Renaissance in the Museo Cristiano of the Vatican Library can be seen the various phases of development of the art of miniature ...


The chemical properties that serve as major determinants for the glycemic index (GI) of starchy food and recommended low-GI, carbohydrate-based foods have remained enigmatic. This present work performed a systematic assessment of linkages between chemical properties of foods and GI, and selected low-GI starchy foods. The data were sourced from literature published in various scientific journals. In total, 57 relevant studies and 936 data points were integrated into a database. Both in vitro and in vivo studies on GI values were included. The database was subsequently subjected to a meta-analysis. Meta-analysis from in vitro studies revealed that the two significant factors responsible for the GI of starchy foods were resistant starch and phenolic content (respectively, standardized mean difference (SMD): −2.52, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): −3.29 to −1.75, p (p-value) < 0.001; SMD: −0.72, 95%CI: −1.26 to −0.17, p = 0.005), while the lowest-GI crop type was legumes. Subgroup analysis restricted to the crop species with significant low GI found two crops, i.e., sorghum (SMD: −0.69, 95%CI: −2.33 to 0.96, p < 0.001) and red kidney bean (SMD: −0.39, 95%CI: −2.37 to 1.59, p = 0.001). Meta-analysis from in vivo studies revealed that the two significant factors responsible for the GI of starchy foods were flavonoid and phenolic content (respectively, SMD: −0.67, 95%CI: −0.87 to −0.47, p < 0.001; SMD: −0.63, 95%CI: −1.15 to −0.11, p = 0.009), while the lowest-GI crop type was fruit (banana). In conclusion, resistant starch and phenolic content may have a desirable impact on the GI of starchy food, while sorghum and red kidney bean are found to have low GI.


Objective To investigate the levels of p27kip1 and ki-67 of psoriatic lesions in patients with psoriasis vulgaris. Methods The expression of p27kip1 and ki-67 in psoriatic lesions was determined by immunohistochemistry. Results The level of p27kip1 expression was significantly lower in the plaque-form lesions of the patients with psoriasis than that in the normal controls(P 0.05). The expression level of p27kip1 significantly decreased in the guttate lesions of the patients with psoriasis compared with the normal controls (P 0.001). Between the guttate and plaque-form lesions, there was no significant difference in the expression level of p27kip1 (P 0.05). The expression level of ki-67 was significantly higher in plaque-form lesions than that in the normal controls(P 0.01). The expression level of ki-67 significantly increased in guttate lesions compared with the normal controls(P 0.001). The expression level of ki-67 was significantly higher in guttate lesions than that of the plaque-form lesions (P 0.001). There was no correlation between the expression level of p27kip1 and ki-67 in psoriatic lesions (r = 0.08). Conclusions The down-regulation of p27kip1 may be involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis vulgaris. And the expression level of ki-67 may reflect the overproliferation of keratinocytes in psoriasis vulgaris.


Polyfluorenes with both alkyl and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) side-chains have been synthesised and processed into fluorescent nanoparticles via nanoprecipitation. The PEG/alkyl ratio is found to exert a significant influence over the size, polymer microstructure and optical properties of the resultant nanoparticles. This paves the way for a deeper understanding of how polymer structure can be manipulated to provide greater control over the nanoprecipitation process.


The article deals with the development ways of computer-based systems of scientific research, and also in the paper proposed the concept of support system for scientific research. The system is aimed at the input, storage, structuring, and visualization of the interim results of scientific research


Objective To evaluate the academic level and the popularity of Chinese Journal of Cardiac Arrhythmias.Method According to the information of Chinese Medical Citation Index(CMCI),the amount and distribution of the original in Chinese Journal of Cardiac Arrhythmias cited by the journals included by CM- CI were analyzed from 1997 to 2004.Results The citation number of published articles was 1 863 and the av- erage of original articles cited by other researchers was 3.29 from 1997 to 2004.The distribution of the most frequently cited authors covered 33 provinces and municipalities(include foreign countries),with Beijing in the leading position.The published papers were cited by 337 journals.Conclusion Although the journal has been published for just eight years,it has made constant progress in the quality of its papers.It has become one of the most important information resource for the medical researchers in cardiology and one of the important medi- cal journal in the country.


There is evidence that infection by Coxsackie viruses can serve as an environmental "trigger" for insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). This background information is summarized briefly, and the data in the IDDM component of Genetic Analysis Workshop 5 (GAW5) concerning serum antibodies to Coxsackie B viruses are described.


From 1974 to 1994, the Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) systematically prepared and published relatively precise coal cell geology maps of 1:10,000 or 1:25,000 scale for major coal fields across the country. Such a coal cell geology map includes information about the coal seams as well as the geology of the coal field area, so it can be used as an important basic data for coal development. In this paper, the current state of the coal geology map, which was digitized into a spatial DB using GIS, was introduced. This digital coal geological map can be downloaded free of charge from the Geo-Big Data Open Platform (data.kigam.re.kr) and the Environmental Big Data Platform (www.bigdata-environment.kr).


The subject of the invention is to reduce action restriction on users. The invention relates to a game device, a control method, and a program. The game device is used for executing a game which trains a operation object role. Under the condition that a first operation input is accepted by the game device, the generation of an event needing operation input by a user in an event with respect to the operation object role generated in the game is controlled to be in non-generation state in which the event needing operation input is not generated.


8. A physician should seek consultation upon request; in doubtful or difficult cases; or whenever it appears that the quality of medical service may be enhanced thereby. 9. A physician may not reveal the confidences entrusted to him in the course of medical attendance, or the deficiencies he may observe in the character of patients, unless he is required to do so by law or unless it becomes necessary in order to protect the welfare of the individual or of the community. 10. The honored ideals of the medical profession imply that the responsibilities of the physician extend not only to the individual, but also to society where these responsibilities deserve his interest and participation in activities which have the purpose of improving both the health and the well-being of the individual and the community.


This thesis deals with the preparation of materials for use in separation science and their surface modification by grafting. The overall aim is the preparation of diverse materials by combination ...


This paper describes polymerization of anilinium-DBSA complex to PANI-DBSA (DBSA doped polyaniline) in an aqueous dispersion in the presence of mica or talc clays. It is found that the clay presence significantly accelerates the polymerization kinetics by metal ions, such as Fe +2 ions, present in the clays. Polymerization occurs preferentially on the clay particles' surface, causing their encapsulation with PANI-DBSA shells. Further coating with PANI-DBSA takes place on the already coated particles with thin PANI-DBSA shells by an autoacceleration effect of anilinium-DBSA polymerization by PANI. It is suggested that the catalytic/autoacceleration effect dominating in the coating process of clay particles with PANI-DBSA can be extended to other particle/coating systems, which are already under investigation.


Germination rate,potential,root activity,seedling′s height and chlorophyll content of Amorpha fruticosa seeds were studied in this experiment,which were done under salt-stress with different concentrations of exogenous CaCl2(0,5,10,15,20,25,40 mmol/L).Results showed that certain concentration of calcium chloride could effectively reduce the salt toxic of sodium chloride,relief its stress mitigate,improve the chlorophyll content of immature leaves and enhance the seedling salt-resistant ability.However,high levels of calcium would also produce adverse effects on seed germination and seedling growth.From the research,a conlusion could be conclued that 5 mmol/L CaCl2+0.15 mmol/L NaCl was considered as a suitable concentration.


To determine the appropriate depth of DBN network and hidden layer neurons at the same time, the information entropy of the input layer is analyzed on the basis of information entropy and the traditional reconstruction error calculation and the decision of network depth. Thus, according to the relationship between information entropy and hidden layers, an optimization method based on information entropy to determine the number of hidden neurons is proposed, which makes the structure of the DBN network model tend to be better. Experimental results on the handwritten numeral recognition demonstrated that the proposed method is capable of self-organizing the depth of the network and hide the number of neurons in the hidden layer, effectively optimize the DBN network structure, reduce the training time of the network, as well as improve the network accuracy and recognition accuracy.


Background: Health Insurance reimbursement does not accurately reflect the cost of test items performed in a hospital, and it is particularly more difficult to introduce laboratory tests applying new technology. Ensuring the safety of blood bank tests is encumbered since the reimbursement rates for the blood bank items that are high risk are not properly set. In this study, we analyzed the validity of reimbursement through a cost analysis of testing performed in Severance Hospital blood bank.Methods: Original cost and net income were calculated for the tests performed in Severance Hospital blood bank from 1 January, 2009 to 31 December 2009.Results: The original cost and deficit of ABO & Rh(D) blood tests using an automated blood test analyzer was 4,588 won and 1,572 won (52% compared to reimbursement), respectively. Irregular antibody screening test was 3,416 won in original cost and 3,422 won profit. Lewis antigen test was 10,816 won in original cost, creating a 4,745 won deficit. Irregular antibody identification was 32,568 won in original cost and 17,189 won in deficit. Conclusion: Unless the original cost of blood bank tests is reflected in the reimbursement rates, hospital blood banks will run into a budget deficit and blood bank automation, which is used worldwide for patient safety, will not be used in domestic health care. (Korean J Blood Transfus 2010;21:105-114)󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏Key words


The Plain Concrete Reinforcement steel (BJTP) Had the measurement diameter 6mm, 8mm, 10mm and 12mm, 14mm, 16mm, 19mm, 22mm, 25mm, 28mm and 32mm.Namun, in this research was the measurement used That was 6mm, 8mm, 10mm and 12mm. The micro structure, the violence and the strength of each Pulled from the measurement of the diameter of this steel was observed and tested. In the analysis of the micro structure, phases respectively That was formed in the measurement of the steel was iron--phase and pearlite, that distinguished only the form and the measurement of the items were the resource persons Caused Because of the chemical composition and the measurement of the diameter in the dierent steel respectively. Pulled The highest strength was gotten to the steel with the diameter of 8mm, and the strength was lowered Pulled gotten to the steel with the measurement of the diameter of 12mm. Whereas for the value of the highest strength was crushed was gotten to the steel with the measurement of the diameter of 8mm, and the value of the strength was lowered was crushed gotten to the steel with the measurement of the diameter of 12mm. On the other hand the value of elongation (Perseverance) was highest gotten to the steel with the measurement of the diameter of 6mm, whereas the lowered value of elongation was received to the steel with the measurement of the diameter of 8mm. The highest violence was received to the steel with the measurement of the diameter of 8mm, whereas the lowered value of the violence was received to the steel with the measurement of the diameter of 10mm.


The formulation of the problem of this research is whether the Jigsaw cooperative learning model with LKS media can improve student learning outcomes in class VA SDN 03 Batursari?.This research is a classroom action research and is designed in two cycles, each cycle is carried out in the stages of planning, implementation, observation and reflection. The results of the study are as follows: 1) The results of observations on student activity in the first cycle were 61.75% in the second cycle to 85.38%. 2) The results of observations of teachers in the first cycle were 66% in the second cycle to 89%. 3) The results of the evaluation tests in the first cycle of students who finished studying were 63% in the second cycle to 99%, while the average grade value in the first cycle was 63.98 in the second cycle to 78.4. Based on the results of this study, teachers should apply the Jigsaw type cooperative learning model with LKS media so that it can improve student learning outcomes.


Orbit determination in application to the estimation of imp act probability has the goal of determining the evolution of the state probability d ensity function (pdf) and determining a measure of the probability of collision. N onlinear gravitational interaction and non-conservative forces can make the pdf fa r from Gaussian. This work implements three nonlinear sequential estimators: th e Extended Kalman Filter (EKF), the Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) and the Particl e Filter (PF) to estimate the impact probability. Both the EKF and the UKF make t h Gaussian assumption and this work investigates the effect of this appro ximation on the impact probability calculation, while the PF can work for non-Gaus sian systems.


Irreversible adsorption of colloid particles at heterogeneous surfaces was studied theoretically. In contrast to previous models, the dimension of the adsorption sites having the shape of circular discs, was comparable with the size of adsorbing spheres. Adsorption was assumed to occur if the sphere contacted the disc only. Numerical simulation of the Monte-Carlo type enabled one to determine particle flux, adsorption kinetics and jamming coverage as a function of the site density (coverage) and the size ratio particle/site, denoted by A. It was demonstrated that adsorption kinetics and the jamming coverage increased significantly, at a fixed site density, when A increased, i.e., for larger particle to site size ratio. It was also proven that the results derived from previous model elaborated for negligible site dimensions are valid only if λ > 10.


Recently, the temporal control of graphene carrier density has emerged as a viable means to create various frequency shifting, modulation, and sensing photonic devices. Here we describe a general theoretical approach to calculate the graphene plasmon transformation after rapid changes of the Fermi level and carrier density. The approach is based on solving the Maxwell equations supplemented by the microscopic current equation. We derive formulas for the amplitudes of the transmitted and reflected plasmons after a rapid carrier density drop. The relation of these amplitudes and the Fourier transformed finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) fields is also established by introducing the concept of differential spectral transformation of wavepackets. The results of the analytical and FDTD approaches refute the claims of plasmon amplification under rapid carrier changes that appeared in recent theoretical studies. The presented theoretical and computational approaches form a basis of time-varying electromagnetics of graphene plasmonics.


Introduction: There are limited data on myocardial systolic & diastolic response to exercise in pediatric cancer survivors treated with anthracycline. We used exercise echocardiography to evaluate ventricular systolic and diastolic reserve in these patients. Methods: 50 children (age 14.4±2.4 years) who had received anthracycline treatment with median dose 178mg/m 2 (range 60-450) underwent stepwise exercise echocardiography at 9.3±2.9 years after end of therapy, and compared with 50 normal controls. All subjects had normal resting LVEF. Peak systolic (s') & early diastolic (e') myocardial velocities in the LV & RV lateral wall, & basal septum were measured at rest & during exercise using color TDI. Measurements of myocardial isovolumic acceleration (IVA) at incremental heart rates (HR) were used to study force-frequency relationships (FFR). Results: At rest, LV systolic parameters were preserved in patients; septal e' was significantly lower compared to controls (10.4±1.9cm/s vs 11.4±1.9cm/s; p =0.009). At peak exercise, LV & RV lateral wall, & basal septal e' velocities were lower in patients (17.4±3.8cm/s vs 19.6±3.1cm/s, p =0.002; 21.5±1.6cm/s vs 22.3±1.9cm/s, p =0.02; & 16.3±2.4cm/s vs 18.7±2.7cm/s, p p p p =0.001]. During exercise, peak contractile force developed by patients was significantly lower (LV IVA 5.12±1.85m/s 2 vs 6.75±3.28m/s 2 ; p =0.004). FFR analysis showed reduced rate-contractility trajectory in patients [+0.202 (0.008) vs +0.217 (0.008) natural log m/s 2 per 10 bpm; p =0.001]. Conclusions: Long-term survivors of anthracycline-treated pediatric cancer have reduced systolic & diastolic myocardial reserve in response to exercise.


This chapter describes a set of ideas bearing on the self-regulation of action and emotion that has been identified with labels such as cybernetic and feedback control. The ideas have roots in many sources, including the concept of homeostasis. With respect to personality, these ideas yield a viewpoint in which goal-directed action reflects a hierarchy of feedback control processes and the creation and reduction of affect are seen as reflecting another set of feedback processes. The full hierarchy of a person's goals, then, is one manifestation of the person's personality. Also part of many self-regulatory models is the idea that people's continued efforts toward goal attainment depend on the confidence they have in their eventual success. This principle also leads to identification of several ways in which problems can develop. Recent interest in dual-process models, which distinguish between top-down goal pursuit and reflexive responses to cues of the moment, leads to reexamination of some prior assumptions, and raises the possibility that behavior is triggered in two distinct ways. The chapter closes with brief consideration of ideas from dynamic systems and catastrophe theories which may also be important to self-regulatory models in the future.

Keywords:

self-regulation;
personality;
goals;
cybernetic;
control;
expectancy;
affect


Cell proliferation, an event associated with angiogenesis, involves coordinated activities of a number of proteins. The role of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in angiogenesis remains controversial. Utilizing proliferating PAI-1–/– endothelial cells (EC), the impact of a host PAI-1 deficiency on Akt activation was evaluated. Hyperactivation of Akt(Ser(P)473) was observed in PAI-1–/– EC, and this was probably due to enhanced inactivation of tumor suppressor PTEN, thus rendering the cells resistant to apoptotic signals. Higher levels of inactivated caspase-9 in PAI-1–/– EC led to lower levels of procaspase-3 and cleaved caspase-3, thereby promoting survival. These effects were reversed when recombinant PAI-1 was added to PAI-1–/– EC. Additional studies demonstrated that regulation of proliferation is dependent on its interaction with low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein. Thus, PAI-1 is a negative regulator of cell growth, exerting its effect on the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway and allowing controlled cell proliferation.


In the original version of [this article][1] ([1][2]), the same β-actin control was duplicated in Fig. 5B and Supplementary Fig. S6A. This duplication was intentional, as the data were derived from the same Western blot experiment. The legend of Fig. 5B has been corrected to state this in the


Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent malignant cancer in the world, is the leading cause of cancer‐related death female. Recently, there is accumulating evidence that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) might as an important role in the progression of BC. (epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) is considered to play a vital role in tumor cells migration and invasion. Nevertheless, the entire biological mechanisms and functions of lncRNAs in tumor migration, invasion, and EMT remain uncertain. In the present research, we observed that the expression of lncRNA AC073284.4 was downregulated in BC paclitaxel‐resistant (PR) cells (MCF‐7/PR) and tissues. Bioinformatics analysis predicted that miR‐18b‐5p was a direct target of AC073284.4, which has been validated by dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay. We further proved that AC073284.4 could directly bind to miR‐18b‐5p and relieve the suppression for dedicator of cytokinesis protein 4 (DOCK4). Furthermore, the underlying functional experiments demonstrated that AC073284.4 might sponge miR‐18b‐5p to attenuate the invasion, metastasis, and EMT of BC cell through upregulating DOCK4 expression. In summary, AC073284.4 might serve as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) in BC progression via modulating miR‐18b‐5p/DOCK4 axis, which weakens EMT and migration of BC. These results suggesting that AC073284.4 might function as a potential novel diagnostic biomarker in the progression of BC.


View management system includes a computer display 14 which provides a bar behind possible with a view to the list 44 of the pane division control (42,46,48) and the off view. Through the selection of a particular control of the division control pane (42,46,48), the system user may configure the display 14 for showing the apparatus of a tiled view of any number. By simply selecting one of an open view in the list 44 appearing in the view of the bar, the user can assign the view in pane having the current focus. The cursor using the pointing device control 32, click-drag-drop operation by the contents of the pane pair sequences can be easily exchanged.


The prototype and proposals for equipping with a system of observance of the rules for the operation of equipment and remote control of the technical condition during the warranty and post-warranty periods of energy-saturated domestic tractors are theoretically substantiated and practically investigated. This will allow to receive objective information about the state of technology and promptly respond to violations of the rules of its operation, related, among other things, to the human factor.
Keywords: control of technical condition, technical service, human factor, remote control, rules of equipment operation.
firstname.lastname@example.com


From 1999,Henan province's attraction of foreign capital is successivly reducing,which badly restricts economy development of Henan province. This article analyzed the main problems of Henan province's attraction of foreign capital and pointed out some essential reasons, such as uncultured means,lacking enthusiasm,making light of software and so on. Finally,some proposal are presented for attracting foreign capital.


SUMMARY Brachypodium distachyon is an annual C3 grass used as a monocot model system in functional genomics research. Insertional mutagenesis is a powerful tool for both forward and reverse genetics studies. In this study, we explored the possibility of using the tobacco retrotransposon Tnt1 to create a transposon‐based insertion mutant population in B. distachyon. We developed transgenic B. distachyon plants expressing Tnt1 (R0) and in the subsequent regenerants (R1) we observed that Tnt1 actively transposed during somatic embryogenesis, generating an average of 6.37 insertions per line in a population of 19 independent R1 regenerant plants analyzed. In seed‐derived progeny of R1 plants, Tnt1 segregated in a Mendelian ratio of 3:1 and no new Tnt1 transposition was observed. A total of 126 flanking sequence tags (FSTs) were recovered from the analyzed R0 and R1 lines. Analysis of the FSTs showed a uniform pattern of insertion in all the chromosomes (1–5) without any preference for a particular chromosome region. Considering the average length of a gene transcript to be 3.37 kb, we estimated that 29 613 lines are required to achieve a 90% possibility of tagging a given gene in the B. distachyon genome using the Tnt1‐based mutagenesis approach. Our results show the possibility of using Tnt1 to achieve near‐saturation mutagenesis in B. distachyon, which will aid in functional genomics studies of other C3 grasses.


Alternative outdoor noise control measures are described including spatial separation from the noise source, construction of a continuous noise barrier, reorientation of outdoor recreational areas and the use of housing barrier blocks. Indoor noise control measures are also described including architectural design features such as room and corridor arrangements, orientation of windows and blank walls; and the acoustical treatment of walls, doors and windows. An evaluation of each alternative is given which considers such factors as the amount of noise mitigation provided, land values, marketability of various types of residential units, construction costs, aesthetics, maintenance, property requirements, safety, drainage requirements, building materials and energy considerations. The decision-making process involving the owner of the lands and his consultant, and the ministries of the environment, and transportation and communications, Ontario, to select a preferable noise mitigation scheme is discussed. The study recommendations indicate that in this case, satisfactory residential noise levels could be achieved adjacent to a major freeway, with some increase in overall development costs, by the use of a combination of readily available mitigation techniques. (TRRL)


This paper aims at to analyze the problem of the delimitation of the right in agreement with the approaches of the Independent Legal Pluralism The analysis of this delimitation was made through four dimensions of borders, which are: (1) the definition of the right when there is diversity in their expressions; (2) the definition of the social groups able to generate right; (3) the separation between the right forms and the other forms of social control; and (4) the borders among the different rights of the different social groups. For this analysis, it was made a theoretical research in the authors' of the Legal Pluralism, classic and recent main works.


This paper analyzes smoking prevalence and smoking behaviors in Papua New Guinea. Using the 2009–10 Papua New Guinea Household Income and Expenditure Survey, the paper analyzes the determinants of tobacco use and tobacco choices in Papua New Guinea. The results show that adults (18 years and above) in the poorest quartile are more likely to smoke. Tobacco consumption imposes a large financial burden to poor households. Tobacco consumption accounts for about 23 percent of total household food expenditure for households in the poorest quartile, compared with 15 percent for the entire sample. However, most of these households consume non-processed tobacco. The study reveals the urgency to control tobacco consumption in Papua New Guinea and considers some practical challenges that the country may face.


That part of chemistry which has come to be known as "Phase Transfer Catalysis," or simply "PTC" presents to those of us who have watched and participated in its developments for the last 20 years with a rather classical picture of how and why scientific knowledge becomes generated, recognized, communicated, and eventually absorbed into our box of common and useful tools for practicing chemistry. The first PTC results, scattered over the world in the hands of many independent chemists, gave birth to the concept of Phase Transfer Catalysis, and the formal recognition of this and related concepts brought together a number of people who built the basic theoretical foundation on which PTC rests, who discovered many of the experimental facets of PTC, and who suggested many of the ideas for future development. This "PTC" Past has evolved into the "PTC Present," which is following a still sharply-increasing learning curve, with the development of new uses, methods, concepts, theoretical development, and world-wide recognition. The "PTC Future" is thought by this author to be bright, not through its simple extension to old chemical reactions but because it provides a tool to handle future chemical problems in highly material- and energy-efficient ways.


The authors considered the approximate algorithm of creation of pack of metaphoric associative cards. The algorithm consisted of several sequential steps. They paid additional attention to the selection of visual and oral rows for the future pack of cards. Also, the authors described the process of creation of the own pack of metaphoric cards "Mazes of love".


Proteinuria has been identified as a sign of systemic endothelial dysfunction and chronic inflammation, and associated with the development of several systemic inflammatory diseases. However, the impact of proteinuria and its severity on the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has not been studied yet. The aim of this study was to determine the association between proteinuria measured by urine dipstick test and the development of IBD.

 We conducted a nationwide population-based cohort study using claims data from the National Health Insurance (NHI) database, a mandatory health insurance programme covering about 97% of the Korean population. A total of 9,917,400 people aged 20 years or older who had undergone a national health examination conducted by NHI in 2009 were followed until 2017. The study population was classified into four groups, negative, trace, 1+, and ≥2+, depending on the degree of proteinuria measured by urine dipstick test. The primary endpoint was the newly diagnosed IBD, Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) during the follow-up period, which was detected by both ICD-10 (K50 and K51) and the rare intractable disease registration programme codes which provide co-payment reduction of up to 90% in South Korea.

 The incidence of CD significantly increased according to the degree of proteinuria (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] with 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01(0.703–1.451), 1.515(1.058–2.162), and 2.053(1.301–3.24) in trace, 1+, and ≥2+ dipstick groups, respectively) as compared with the dipstick-negative group. However, there was no significant difference in the incidence of UC among the degrees of proteinuria (aHR with 95% CI, 1.12(0.949–1.323), 0.947(0.764–1.174), 1.009(0.741–1.373 in trace, 1+, and ≥2+ dipstick groups, respectively). In subgroup analysis, dipstick-positive proteinuria independently increased the incidence of CD regardless of subgroups. However, in the development of UC, dipstick-positive proteinuria increased the risk of UC in those with diabetes mellitus (DM), but not in those without DM (aHR, 1.527 vs. 0.846; interaction p-value 0.004).

 Proteinuria, measured by dipstick test, may be associated with the development of CD.


Repercussions the musculoskeletal system of the Upper Limb scaling training Purpose: We evaluated the physical stress and pain to the musculoskeletal system of a dental practitioner when engaging in a dental scaling training exercise to prevent the development of musculoskeletal injuries. Methods: The 18 female (average age: 21±1 years) subjects were voluntarily picked from a group of juniors who have completed a one-and-a-half year training course that includes training exercises on the dentiform and on live subjects (other trainees). The test is done by measuring pain, activity, grip strength, and finger dexterity for each subject's hand and wrist. Before the test all subjects were confirmed to be right-handed and were informed of the study and its objective. Measuring was done before and after each subject performed dental scaling for one hour using the scaler and the curet. Results: Pain levels increased for both hand and shoulders, but hand pain was often greater than shoulder pain. Grip strength significantly declined in the right hand but not the left. For joint mobility, the flexion and the extension for the shoulder joint did not change; but the range of motion for both wrist joints significantly increased. For the dexterity test, both hands showed increased dexterity after the exercise. Conclusion: Dental scaling affect the shoulders and wrists/hands. Therefore, a musculoskeletal injury when at work, must be sought. This study evaluated only the shoulders, wrists, and hands; but future studies should include areas such as the cervical area, the back, and the lower limbs.


By specially developed questionnaire it was determined that psychoemotional status of therapeutists of ambulatory clinic was characterized by excessive neuroemotional tension; also the syndrome of emotional exhaustion was formed in the most part of them.


Instagram is a popular social networking application that allowsusers to express themselves through the uploaded contentand the different filters they can apply. In this study we look atthe relatio ...


The fMRI not only can imaginate in human's brain tissue but also may reflect the functional activitiy of the certain region intuitively and without invation,so it developed rapidly in the study of the amblyopia. The Bold-fMRI can analyse the relationship between the transform of cortex funtion and visual impairment. DTI had offered the three-dimensional imagination of the brain white matter and neural pathway which the conventional MRI can't obtain. We can analyse the functional characteristics of nomal brain grey and white matter with several kinds of fMRI and study the function division of visual cortex,the functional impairment of cortex and the associated white cortex changement.This progress has provided useful mentality of discussing the functional lesion of primary and advanced visual cortex and the complicated neuropathology mechanism of connetion anomaly in visual pathway. This had offered useful reference in clinical diagnosis, treatment monitoring and prognosis.


Chemoprevention by utilization of natural products has emerged as an important strategy that has the potential to prevent the occurrence of cancer mainly by slowing the process of carcinogenesis. Laboratory data supported by several epidemiological and some clinical studies have validated that bioactive food components produce a broad spectrum of activities that ultimately culminate in prolonging the development time for cancer outcome. With an armamentarium of over 1500 such compounds great hope for cancer control rest on chemoprevention. Despite remarkable effectiveness in preclinical settings, its applicability to human has met with limited success mainly due to inefficient systemic delivery and poor bioavailability of promising chemopreventive agents. Thus, novel strategies are needed to enhance the bioavailability and reduced perceived toxicity associated with the long-term use of potentially useful bioactive food components. We introduced a novel concept of 'nanochemoprevention' where nanotechnology was exploited to augment the outcome of chemoprevention. In our study, we reported significant dose-advantage of polylactic acid-polyethylene glycol (PLA-PEG) encapsulated EGCG, a major polyphenol from green tea (nanoEGCG) over non-encapsulated (native) EGCG. Nano- EGCG exhibited over ten-fold dose advantage for exerting its proapoptotic and anti-angiogenic effects in human prostate cancer cells. It is increasingly appreciated that nanoparticle technology could be easily utilized for cancer because of the fact that most of the biological processes occur at nanoscale. Our concept of nanochemoprevention opened a new era in the field of cancer chemoprevention by natural products. Several laboratories worldwide are now focusing their attention on the subject and emerging data is accumulating for use of many agents using diverse nanoparticles. Some other naturally occurring dietary agents which have been tested for chemoprevention following nanoencapsulation are curcumin, resveratrol and taxol. All of these data at present is limited to use in cell culture or xenograft model. Extending this research to in vivo evaluation in well-defined animal bioassay system should be the next step.


This paper introduced a method for data-mining and classify/ induction of massive data by means of using self-organized neural network.This kind of network is easy to realize.It has a rapid respond speed.It can classify accurately,and it has strong redundancies.Using a self-organized neural network is of intense guiding significance.


A new design method is presented for control of self-irregulating plants which have long time-delay.Smith Integrator is added to a kind of double predictive controller.Its parameters are adjusted by the new control theory Immunity Control online.After theory analyzing and simulation,the controlled systems can effectively cope with disturbance and model uncertainty.


With the help of powerful American economy,U.S.dollar has come to the throne of the world currency.However,since the Bretton Woods System was disintegrated for decades,there is a strong demand to change U.S dollars dominant position,which is worth exploring and should be carefully studied.


Abstract Fish diversity of a riverine ecosystem became reduced due to different manmade and natural calamities. This study investigated the present fish biodiversity status of the Dharla River located (25.8103° N, 89.6487° E) in the northern part of Bangladesh from January to December 2018. In this study, the existing fish biodiversity status of the Dharla River was estimated in terms of diversity indices and threatened status (both global and local). Data was collected from the three sampling sites of the river using different fishing gears and three selected fish markets located in the Kurigram district of Bangladesh. A total of 76 fish species were identified belonging to 8 orders, 26 families and 57 genera. The Cyprinidae was the most dominant family represented by 14 species followed by the Danionidae (13 species), Bagridae (8 species) and few minor families. Apart from the indigenous species, nine exotic fish species were also recorded. The Shannon-Weaver diversity (H), Pielous evenness (e) and Margalef richness (D) indices ranged from 3.00 to 3.71, 0.62 to 0.94 and 3.94 to 7.95, respectively. Out of 76 indigenous species, 28 species (37%) were identified as threatened in Bangladesh, which included critically endangered (4), vulnerable (9) and endangered (15) species. Indiscriminate fishing through poisoning and destructive fishing gears were identified as the major threats to fish biodiversity of the Dharla River. Thus, the river serves as considerable support for threatened indigenous fishes. Therefore, necessary steps are needed to stop destructive fishing, establish permanent fish sanctuaries and proper monitoring for maintaining sustainable biodiversity in the Dharla River.


Our aim is to study the Dirichlet-to-Neumann operator associated with the 1-Laplacian operator and to study the diffusion problem involving this operator. As an application, we obtain well-posedness and long-time stability of solutions of a singular coupled elliptic-parabolic initial boundary-value problem.


Genetic controls of immune responses to natural and synthetic antigens are expressed by quantitative, autosomal traits (1). A number of separate dominant genes have been identified which regulate the ability of inbred strains of mice and guinea pigs to elicit specific immune responsesto these imlnunogens (2-13). Although two genetic loci have been shown to be linked to histocompatibility regions of the mouse genome (12, 14, 15), little is known concerning the genetic mechanisms responsible for the control of immunity. In view of the number of complex cellular events required for immune processes, it is likely that at least certain genetic controls will be demonstrable at the cellular level. In fact, responses of mice to synthetic polypeptides based on mulfichain polyalanine and responses of guinea pigs to poly-L-lysine have been achieved by the injection of responder lymphoid cells into irradiated nonresponder animals (1, 14). Such transfer experiments suggest that these genetic defects reside in potentially immunocompetent cells, although the nature of the cellular deficiency is not fully understood. Previous results indicate that the so-called "nonresponder" mice do produce small amounts of antibody to poly-L-(Tyr, Glu)-poly-L-Pro--poly-L-Lys, denoted (T, G)-Pro--L (10, 11). I t is possible, therefore, that the genetic defect in the low responder DBA/1 strain could be attributed to a reduced number of immunocompetent precursor cells responsive to (T, G)-Pro--L when compared with the number in the high-responder SJL strain.


A study has been carried out of the laminar boundary layer in a nitrogen stream with mass transfer of a coolant injected through a porous surface. The composition of the coolant is an arbitrary mixture of gases of widely different molecular weights, namely helium, argon, nitrogen, and xenon. The diffusive and other transport and thermodynamic properties of the flow are described with reasonable accuracy. The predicted boundary‐layer properties are found to differ considerably from those obtained from analyses using the commonly employed simplified descriptions of transport and thermodynamic properties. However, an analysis with simplified transport properties but with the different coefficients of specific heat for the various species taken into account is shown to give reasonable results for the wall temperature, at least for low rates of mass transfer.


Coal-fired flue gases SO2 and NOX are the main causes of air pollution, so at present the study of flue gas desulfurization and denitration has become the hot spot. This article introduces the related research of flue gas desulfurization and denitration technology progress and application status, and the flue gas desul- furization and denitration technology development foreground is prospected in the future.


First-principles calculations are carried out with the objective of assigning a chemical identity to the variety of forms of molecular oxygen which are known to exist on a TiO2(110) surface. Six different geometries and spin configurations of O2 are shown to be stable in the bridging oxygen defect site. The relationship of these results to experimental observations is discussed.


We study the evolution of higher-order nonclassicality and entanglement criteria in atmospheric fluctuating-loss channels. By formulating input-output relations for the matrix of moments, we investigate the influence of such channels on the corresponding quantumness criteria. This generalization of our previous work on Gaussian entanglement [M. Bohmann et al., Phys. Rev. A 94, 010302(R) (2016)] not only exploits second-order-based scenarios, but it also provides a detailed investigation of nonclassicality and entanglement in non-Gaussian and multimode radiation fields undergoing a fluctuating attenuation. That is, various examples of criteria and states are studied in detail, unexpected effects, e.g., the dependency of the squeezing transfer on the coherent displacement, are discovered, and it is demonstrated that non-Gaussian entanglement can be more robust against atmospheric losses than Gaussian one. Additionally, we propose a detection scheme for measuring the considered moments after propagation through the atmosphere. Therefore, our results may help to develop, improve, and optimize non-Gaussian sources of quantum light for applications in free-space quantum communication.


We analyzed a series of ten systematically developed surface exploration systems that integrated a variety of hardware and software components. Design, development, and testing data suggest that incremental buildup of an exploration system for long-duration capabilities is facilitated by an open architecture with appropriate-level APIs, specifically designed to facilitate integration of new components. This improves software productivity by reducing changes required for reconfiguring an existing system.


Abstract I argue that classical theism has a significant advantage as a theory of the First Cause over Graham Oppy's naturalistic account. This is because classical theism not only gives us a clear answer to the question of how many first causes there are but also because it explains why there is that number and not another. In comparison, Oppy's 'initial physical state' account seemingly leaves these questions hopelessly open, and so does his 'metaphysical simples' proposal for a foundational layer of reality. I end by exploring two arguments from omnipotence and perfection that could be of use also to non-classical theists.


1. Cats were anaesthetized with chloralose and urethane, and ventilated by an artificial intermittent negative pressure applied to the thorax. The carotid body chemoreceptors were isolated and perfused with oxygenated blood. They were stimulated by substituting hypoxic blood obtained from a donor animal.


Background: To investigate the clinical effectiveness of standard procedure in treating children's locally advanced abdominal neuroblastoma (NB).
 Methods: Totally 71 consective patients with stage III or IV NB received pre-operative chemotherapy first, followed by standard procedure (including skeletalization of retroperitoneal vessles and grid-shaped excision of tumor) to remove the tumors. The results were analysed and compared with findings in literature.
 Results: The complete resection (CR) rate was 97.2% (69/72), which was significantly higher than those in previous reports. No severe surgical complication or perioperative mortality was reported.
 Conclusions: Standard procedure can improve CR and survival rates in pediatric patients with locally advanced abdominal NB.


Bolstered by strong crop prices and some continued federal assistance in 1988, U.S. agriculture effectively shrugged off the worst drought since the 1930s. The farm outlook for 1989 remains bright. Overall, U.S. agriculture should enjoy a third straight year of broad-based recovery.


This paper deals with analysis of steady-state processes in an inverter circuit. Since a configuration of the inverter circuit is changed processes in such a circuit are described by differential equations with variable coefficients. It is supposed that the inverter circuit changes periodically. The Lyapunov's transform, a method of expanding of a differential equation to an equation in partial derivatives and the two dimensional Laplace transform are used to find a steady-state process. The transfer function and frequency response for processes running in the inverter circuit are introduced. The steady-state process is obtained in the form of the double Fourier series. An example of an inverter is considered and a set of frequency responses is presented. Ref. 6, fig. 6.


The present invention relates to a fiber-based Raman amplifier EDFA gain linear mixed multi-wavelength optical fiber laser output stabilizing method and apparatus. The present invention includes an optical fiber through the optical fiber loop mirror series, optocouplers, optical fiber Raman amplifiers, erbium-doped fiber amplifier and Sagnac loop filter. Sagnac loop filter comprises in series two by the optical fiber polarization controllers at both ends of the high birefringence fiber, the other ends of the two polarization controllers, respectively, and with 3dB optical coupler connected to the port. Amplifiers mixing the present invention an optical fiber Raman and erbium doped fiber amplifier using erbium-doped fiber amplifier suppresses competition characteristic wavelength, multi-wavelength fiber laser to achieve a stable output.


The paper describes a new species of Ctenis (C. imjhiriensis) and three species of Pterophyllum. One of the species of Pterophyllum, viz., P. medlicottianum Oldham & Morris is already known from the Rajmahal Hills, the other has been compared with P. distans Morris also from the Rajmahal Hills and the third species is, so far, not known from anywhere in India. A brief remark has also been made on the occurrence of Glossopteris in the Jabalpur Series.


We present a new method to obtain the Euler number of a domain based on the tangent counts of concentric spheres in R3 (or circles in R2), with respect to the center O, that sweeps the domain. This method is derived from the Poincaré-Hopf Theorem, when the index of critical points of the square of the distance function with respect to the origin O is considered.


A dental implant is currently the most commonly used treatment for patients with lost teeth. There is no biomechanical reference available to study the effect of different occlusion conditions on dental implants with different positions. Therefore, the aim of this study was to conduct a biomechanical analysis of the impact of four common occlusion conditions on the different positions of dental implants using the finite element method. We built a finite element model that included the entire mandible and implanted seven dental implant fixtures. We also applied external force to the position of muscles on the mandible of the superficial masseter, deep masseter, medial pterygoid, anterior temporalis, middle temporalis, and posterior temporalis to simulate the four clenching tasks, namely the incisal clench (INC), intercuspal position (ICP), right unilateral molar clench (RMOL), and right group function (RGF). The main indicators measured in this study were the reaction force on the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and the fixed top end of the abutment in the dental implant system, and the stress on the mandible and dental implant systems. The results of the study showed that under the occlusion conditions of RMOL, the dental implant system (113.99 MPa) and the entire mandible (46.036 MPa) experienced significantly higher stress, and the reaction force on the fixed-top end of the abutment in the dental implant system (261.09 N) were also stronger. Under the occlusion of ICP, there was a greater reaction force (365.8 N) on the temporomandibular joint. In addition, it was found that the reaction force on the posterior region (26.968 N to 261.09 N) was not necessarily greater than that on the anterior region (28.819 N to 70.431 N). This information can help clinicians and dental implant researchers understand the impact of different chewing forces on the dental implant system at different positions after the implantation.


LCD has been widely applied to display system. As a main part of LCD, the supply circuit directly controls the driving circuit level of LCD. The level of supply affects the contrast and grey of LCD. The application of 8-8330 in LCD is introduced. It has a electric volume system which include 8-bit shift register and 8-bit latch for digital adjustment of the output voltage. As a result, it is convenient to adjust the output voltage using software. 8-8330 offers high-level integration to save space, reduce power consumption, and increase battery life, which make it an excellent choice for battery powered portable equipment.


Water-induced damage of asphalt concrete mixtures has produced serious distress, reduced performance, and increased maintenance requirements for pavements. The damage is often caused by stripping and possibly softening of the asphalt matrix. Because no universally accepted methods for evaluating the moisture susceptibility of asphalt mixtures are available, the study described in this paper was performed. Included are brief discussions of several testing techniques that had been proposed for use in distinguishing between aggregate-asphalt combinations which are susceptible to moisture damage and those which are not. The test methods selected for inclusion in this study were: (1) indirect tensile test on dry and wet cylindrical specimens, (2) Texas freeze-thaw pedestal test, and (3) Texas boiling test. (Author/TRRL)


One of the negative impacts of low R290 charge within the air conditioning system is the lower evaporator temperature which is easily frost forming at the evaporator pipe. One way to increase the evaporator temperature is to add R600a into the system. The methodology of this present research is a theoretical analysis of performance pure R290 and R290 – R600a blend with experimental analysis of 120 g charge R290 within a 3/4 PK ir conditioning system as the comparison. The results show that increasing the percentage of R600a in the R290 – R600a blend increases the COP but decreases the cooling capacity. Increase the percentage of R600a also decreases the superheat at the outlet of the compressor which is a negative point of increasing the percentage of R600a.


Data envelopment analysis (DEA) has been proved to be an excellent approach for measuring the performance of decision-making units (DMUs) that use multiple inputs to generate multiple outputs. But the allocation problem of shared inputs and undesirable outputs does not arouse attention in this movement. This paper proposes a two-stage DEA model considering simultaneously the structure of shared inputs, additional input in the second stage and part of intermediate products as the final output. In addition, a part of second stage outputs is undesirable which can be fed back as raw materials to the first stage. Cooperative and non-cooperative game theories are discussed in order to determine the upper and lower bounds of the efficiencies of sub-DMUs in different stages to assess the relative performance of the operational units.


A quantum mesoscopic electrical LC-circuit with charge discreteness including a Josephson junction is considered and a nonlinear Hamiltonian that describing the dynamic of such circuit is introduced. The quantum dynamical behavior (persistent current probability) is studied in the charge and phase regimes by numerical solution approaches. The time evolution of charge and current, number-difference and the bosonic phase and also the energy spectrum of a quantum mesoscopic electric LC-circuit with charge discreteness that coupled with a Josephson junction device are investigated. We show the role of the coupling energy and the electrostatic Coulomb energy of the Josephson junction in description of the quantum behavior and the spectral properties of a quantum mesoscopic electrical LC-circuits with charge discreteness.


Objective
To study the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the 40/60 premixed recombinant human insulin injection preparation, and to compare with 30/70 preparation, regular insulin, and neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH).

Methods
In this positive control, single dose, open label, Latin square crossover study, 20 male healthy volunteers were recruited from May 2006 to March 2007, and divided into four groups. On 4 test days, 40/60 preparation, 30/70 preparation, regular insulin, and NPH were administered to each of the 4 groups, the interval was 7-70 days before 2 test days. The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics were evaluated by euglycemic glucose clamp technique.

Results
According to the analysis of variance, there were statistically significant differences in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the 4 insulin formulations between the 4 groups (all P 0.05). Compared with 30/70 premixed insulin, the relative bioavailability of 40/60 premixed insulin was (118.9±35.9)%, and the relative biological effectiveness was (106.6±35.2)%. There was no clinically significant abnormalities in the safety indexes before and after the tests. No hypoglycemic events, allergic reactions, or local injection adverse reaction occurred in this trial.

Conclusions
The 40/60 premixed recombinant human insulin preparation demonstrated different properties in insulin absorption in 8 hours after injection compared with the 30/70 preparation, mainly because of the difference in proportions of short- and intermediate-acting insulin in the mixture. This new premixed insulin may provide a new option for personalized diabetes management.

Key words:
Euglycemic glucose clamp; Insulin preparation; Pharmacokinetics; Pharmacodynamics; Bioequivalence


Background : Nursing Academy of Pasuruan has used problem solving method for learning clinical nursing practice. However, there is obstacle in the implementation of the method due to wide variation in implementing the method among field instructors. Theoretically, bedside teaching method can be used for learning activities to improve learning outcomes. Theoretically, students' learning style is associated with learning outcomes. Objective : This study aimed to examine the effect of clinical bedside teaching method and learning style of students on clinical practice outcome among nursing students at the Academy of Nursing. Method : The research method used Quasi-Experimental. The population source was students at the Academy of Nursing, Pasuruan. A sample of 80 students were selected by simple random sampling. Problem solving was used as a comparison method. The data were collected using standard questionnaires, and analyzed by multiple linear regression model. Result : Results indicated that bedside teaching resulted in higher clinical nursing learning outcome than problem solving method (b = 3.5, p 0.05). Conclusion : This study concludes that bedside teaching method results in better clinical nursing learning outcome than problem solving method. It is recommended that all faculty members use bedside teaching as the learning strategy to improve learning outcomes in clinical practice. Key words: Bedside Teaching, Problem Solving, Learning Styles, Clinical Practical Learning Outcomes.


Introduction Handloom Weaving as Traditional Industry Some Issues Handloom Weaving in India in the Twentieth Century A Review Government Policy and Perceptions Handloom Weaving in Andhra Prades Recent Trends Weaving Centres of Andhra Pradesh A Profile Weavers and Marketing Channels The Economics of the Handloom Sector Why do Weavers' Cooperatives Fail? The Apex Society and Primary Cooperatives Government Programmes An Evaluation Conclusion References Index


The mechanical performance is one of the most important parameters for applications of the propellants in solid motor.In order to increase efficiently the mechanical performance of solvent extruded composite modified double base(CMDB) propellant,the influence of absorbent type,solvent ratio,reinforced materials and relative molecular mass of binders,etc.on the mechanical performance of the propellants was investigated.The results show that the influence of absorbent type on the low temperature mechanical performance of the propellants is more notable,the influence of solvent ratio on the mechanical performance of the propellants is not significant.The impact strength of the CMDB propellants at-40 ℃can reach 4.06 kJ/m2 after adding the reinforced materials.


OBJECTIVE:To examine the expressions of VEGF and KDR, and their clinical significance in early invasive carcinoma of cervix. METHODS:Immunohistochemistry SP method was used to examine the expressions of VEGF, KDR and Ki-67 (proliferation index of cancer cells) in 75 cases of early ICC, 18 cases of CIN,and 15 cases of NCE. RESULTS:The positive rates of VEGF in NCE, CIN and ICC were 26.67%( 4/15),61.11%( 11/18) and 77.33%( 58/75),respectively;those of KDR were 13.33% (2/15),61.11%(11/18)and 69.33%( 52/75),respectively; and those of Ki-67 were 13.33%( 2/15),72.22%(13/18) and 96.00%(72/75), respectively.The positive rates of VEGF, KDR, and Ki-67 increased significantly from NCE to CIN, and from CIN to ICC,P0.05. The expressions of VEGF and KDR were correlated significantly with pelvic lymph node metastasis,intravascular infiltration, histological grading and Ki-67 expression,P0.05; while no significant association was found with patients age, FIGO staging, histological types or depth of stroma infiltration,P0.05. In the cases with pelvic lymph node metastasis, intravascular infiltration, histological grade Ⅲ, and highly expressed Ki-67, the positive rates of VEGF and KDR were significantly higher than those in the cases without the conditions mentioned above, P0.05. In ICC, VEGF was positively correlated with the expression of KDR,r=0.56,P0.01.In addition, in the cases with both VEGF and KDR being positive, the prevalences of highly expressed Ki-67, pelvic lymph node metastasis and intravascular infiltration were statistically higher than those in the cases with both VEGF and KDR being negative,P0.05. CONCLUSION:Positive expressions of VEGF and its receptor KDR in cervical carcinoma may play an important role in the proliferation of cancer cells, cancer invasion and metastasis.