In the paper the author presents the significant facts about the procedure of reporting, particularly using the example of the company that performs railway passenger transport in Croatia (HZ-Passenger Transport Ltd.) with brief reference to other respective subjects. The basic types of reports are presented, which are used in producing business reports of certain types of forms according to contents, which satisfy the reporting requirements ranging from general legislative obligations to the specific characteristics of the railway. The emphasis in the paper is on business reporting from the contents of the reports themselves to the purpose they have to fulfill, since without these it is impossible to provide normal working conditions and operation of concrete trade companies; in this case particularly of the HZ-Passenger Transport. Certain types of reports serve as information about the business results and as the base for decision-making by the authorized bodies in the company, as well as government and other instances. The author of the paper has been involved in producing of all the mentioned reports in the HZ-Passenger Transport Company over the entire period of its past existence, along with the earlier acquired experiences in the respective field.


Abstract:This article argues that the creation of found poetry, especially 'pure' found poetry is more an act of creative editing than creative writing. Using some practice-based research from a 'pure' found poem in my poetry collection Whatsname Street, published by Smokestack Books in 2021, I discuss how dealing with making a poem from another text is an act of creative editing in that it usually aims to keep something coherent and whole about the original text whilst changing it in some form. In the case of the poem under discussion, the changes consider the text's intentions and they are also acts of translation.


Leaders and followers are equally important for organizational success. Therefore, it is essential to educate individuals to become effective leaders and followers. In this work, a taxonomy of leadership theories with the follower component is developed to acknowledge the presence of followers in the leadership process. A Leader–Follower Unity model is proposed to portray an individual's ability to act as a leader and a follower. The importance of teaching leadership from a Leader-Follower Unity standpoint is addressed. An implementation of a Leader–Follower course teaching both leader and follower skills is suggested.


This paper addresses the solution for the problems faced by the farmers in daily life. The loss happens when the birds consume the produced crops particularl y at the time of cultivation, by which rate of production decreases. Considering those problems, the proposed system gives the solution by detecting birds automatically using convolutional neural networks. The bird detector will detect the bird when it passes through a particular range and it will compare the data with the trained images. A set of images such as bird, ball, animals and other images are trained using deep learning concept. When both the sample data and trained images are the same, it will provide loud noise. Normally birds has a sensitive hearing range, so that the bird will get disturbed As the birds have a low hearing frequency range,it gets irritated by the loud noise produced by the product and it will move from that place. By this crops can be safe and farmers can increase production rate. This works in the absence of the human.


We describe the experimental elucidation of the cause of nuclear spin polarization by a method involving the two isomers of molecular hydrogen (i.e., ortho and para hydrogen)


Free electrons in heavily doped semiconductors operate in the hydrodynamic regime, where oscillating velocity, current and electromagnetic field terms can mix and produce relatively strong nonlinear effects in the mid-infrared and terahertz ranges. We fabricate n-InGaAs nanoantennas with the aim of measuring the efficiency of third harmonic generation.


The significant benefits of fluorinated compounds have inspired the development of diverse techniques for the activation and subsequent (de)functionalization of rather inert C–F bonds. Although substantial progress has been made in the selective activation of C(sp2)–F bonds employing transition metal complexes, protocols that address nonactivated C(sp3)–F bonds are much less established. In this regard, the use of strong main-group Lewis acids has emerged as a powerful tool to selectively activate C(sp3)–F bonds in saturated fluorocarbons. This Perspective provides a concise overview of various cationic and neutral silicon-, boron-, and aluminum-based Lewis acids that have been identified to facilitate the heterolytic fluoride abstraction from aliphatic fluorides. The potential of these Lewis acids in hydrodefluorination as well as defluorinative C–F bond functionalization reactions is highlighted. Emphasis is placed on the underlying mechanistic principles to provide a systematic classification of the in...


A synthetic fault diagnosis expert system for turbine generator sets based on rule based reasoning and cases based reasoning is built in this paper. The structure of synthetic fault diagnosis expert system is discussed. The rule base and case base for the fault diagnosis of expert system is established based on the domain expert knowledge and relevant fault cases of turbine generator sets. Both the inference flow and case retrieval strategy of diagnosis system are discussed in detail. Finally the expert system is verified by a given application example.


thought /1/, and harmonious with antique metaphor-making /2/, lies behind the saying /3/. It lies somewhat in the background: there is something more interesting in the foreground. Ignorance about the saying is general. Jesus' sayings and parables are pungent, often amusing. Inventive but sharp, they evidence a penetrating mind, a keen teaching sense (Mk.4:34), and a sense of humo ur. This saying, however, as constantly expounded only in the light of the Two-Way concept, seems somewhat jejune. 'Broad is the gate and roomy the road that leads to perdition, and many are they who enter by it'. What nonsense! We get no help from the textual history. The singular U6T~~; and the fact that nÀaTEIa was used as a noun (instead of Xc£vopog) may have been responsible for important textual witnesses excluding n nuan in 13b (wrongly): but both versions are equally pathetic as translated above. A broad, constructed road, which requires a great capital investment, does not lead to perdition. People are not lemmings (who in any case traverse obstacles and care nothing for roads). On the contrary such a road leads to the king's palace, or somewhere very useful and safely frequented, provided it is properly policed (as it normally would be) /4/. A precipitous path leads as likely as not through robbers' territory or to an outlaw's hide-out (one thinks of Sardinia or Sicily) /5/. One may argue that at that rate Sir 21:10 also is pointless: 'The way of sinners is levelled with slabs, but at its outlet there


Estimating herbivore density is an important part of understanding their impact on vegetation.  Many studies have been carried out on the impact of reindeer and other herbivores on arctic and sub-a ...


Regenerated cellulose fibres can become a sustainable alternative to cotton and polyester in textile applications. One method of producing such is dissolution of cellulose in an ionic liquid (IL) and regeneration through air-gap spinning. In this master thesis, the dissolution state of cellulose in the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (EmimAc) together with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) has been studied through concentration series and diffusion nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). It was shown that a stoichiometric relation of 3 or higher between the IL and anhydroglucose unit (AGU) is needed for complete dissolution and that one acetate ion bind to each AGU. In pure EmimAc, a structure of anions and cations is proposed to form around the polymer chain. The structure of the cellulose chains in solution was studied through small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) showing stiff cylinders with repulsive interactions. Rheological measurements were performed to evaluate spinnability of the solutions. Fibres were produced using air-gap spinning and the titer, tenacity, elongation at break and birefringence obtained at two different draw ratios (DR=4 and 6) and using two different coagulation mediums (water and isopropanol) were investigated. The level of crystallinity and internal fibre structure was evaluated using wide-angle x-ray scattering (WAXS) and SAXS. Fibres coagulated in water showed higher tenacity and a higher level of crystallinity but little dependence on the DR could be shown. An internal structure of 20 nm thick crystalline lamella in an amorphous matrix is proposed.


Deep learning (DL) has been widely applied in automatic modulation classification (AMC), while the superb performance highly depends on high-quality datasets. Motivated by this, the AMC under few-shot conditions is considered in this letter, where a novel network architecture is proposed, namely automatic modulation classification relation network (AMCRN), and verified with the baseline methods. Experimental results state that the accuracy of proposed AMCRN exceeds 90% and 10% to 50% improvements are obtained compared with classical schemes when the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is greater than −2 dB.


Provided is an anti-claudin-4 monoclonal antibody having sufficient target binding properties. Only mouse monoclonal antibodies have been produced as claudin-4 antibodies in the prior art, while the antibody of the present invention is a rat anti-claudin-4 monoclonal antibody. Also provided is a pharmaceutical composition comprising, as active components thereof, the rat anti-claudin-4 monoclonal antibody, a human chimeric anti-claudin-4 monoclonal antibody, and a humanized anti-claudin-4 monoclonal antibody. The pharmaceutical composition is applied to cancerous diseases such as pancreatic cancer and bladder cancer.


In this article, we study neutrosophic fuzzy set and define the subtraction and multiplication of two rectangular and square neutrosophic fuzzy matrices. Some properties of subtraction, addition and multiplication of these matrices and commutative property, distributive property have been examined.


The article analyzes the development of research on allergy and treatment in Taiwan, focusing on the introduction and evolution of concepts, the production and circulation of knowledge on allergy, the recruitment and cultivation of specialists, and the practices and transformation of its treatments. It aims to decipher the multiple actors and unique historical contexts that facilitated the rapid development of allergy research in Taiwan. Unlike studies on allergy in Western societies that highlight the importance of class, urbanization and modernization, research on allergy in Taiwan was closely related to its colonial past and the immigrants from Japan and China. Exploration reveals that research on allergy in Taiwan began with the bacteriology and tropical medicine during Japanese colonization. On the one hand, during the colonial era, allergy was identified as a long-term and systematic immune response to infectious diseases, rather than an abnormality. On the other hand, allergy was also considered a nervous system disorder, one of the many symptoms of tropical neurasthenia. The discourse of allergy as a neurological disorder gradually lost its popularity after WWII while that of allergy as a malfunction of immune system became increasingly dominant. In terms of its treatment, multiple strategies had been applied since the colonial era, including surgeries, medications and desensitization therapies. At the same time, there had been growing attention paid to the relationship between immigrants, environment and allergic diseases. It was not until the 1970s that allergy was seen as a common disease among the general population on the island, and specialists with training of immunology and immunotherapy gradually became available. US aid solicited by civilian allergy sufferers that contributed to fund research and training as well as the establishment of the Taiwan Allergy Center in the 1970s were crucial for the promotion of allergy research in that period.


From the solution particle size different particles are mixed, it is not necessary to use an antibody or the like, also, particulate separation microchannel chip capable of continuously separating fine particles without clogging, the tip providing particulate separation system and particulate separation method used. A plurality of main channel, and that by using a fine particle separation microchannel chip according to claim large capture sites than the width of the main passages are provided one or more in the main channel of each to capture particulates it can.


In order to comprehensively and systematically master the release law of waste pollutant,and scientifically analyze transporting law of pollutant and predict its distribution,the main pollutants of waste leachate were researched,including the release mechanism of CODCr,Cl-,SO42-,and total hardness,etc.by the dynamic dissolution experiment,according to the practical rainfall of Fuxin city.The results showed that Cl-has the fastest transporting speed and CODCr has the slowest one.The test results provide certain theoretical basis for the Fuxin landfill pollution prevention.


In an attempt to support the morphological data indicating a cyclic physiological osteoporosis in three three‐year‐old captive Rocky Mountain mule deer, costal cortical biopsy material was analyzed by densitometric and chemical methods. Bone densities, amount of ash per unit volume and levels of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium per unit volume indicated bone mineral was mobilized during periods of antler growth. However, calcium to phosphorus ratios were maintained at normal levels during this reversible cyclic phenomenon. These data substantiated the morphological observation of a cyclic physiological osteoporosis in the mule deer.


Awareness of the environmental impact of the building industry is increasing. Steel reinforced concrete is the most commonly used construction material and also a material with a high energy consumption and carbon dioxide footprint. Large environmental gains could arise if an alternative to steel reinforced concrete is developed. In this context, textile reinforced concrete (TRC) is shown to be a promising alternative with advantages as lower energy consumption and reduced carbon dioxide footprint. Predictions also imply that TRC elements could have other benefits as an increased service life and lower need for maintenance due to the noncorrosive reinforcement. The aim of this thesis was to validate FE-modelling as a reliable analysis method and to identify difficulties and uncertainties in FE-modelling of textile reinforced concrete. A 2D FE-model was developed and verified by comparison to a 4-point bending test conducted prior to this thesis. Discrepancies were then used to understand the behaviour and the effects of different key parameters. Results from the modelling indicate that bond failure was the determining failure mechanism in the experiments. Emphasis on finding solutions to enhance bond for a high tensile strength-low bond material such as the carbon fibre reinforcement could increase material utilization. The current tensile strength-bond ratio also shows promising ductile behaviour which would allow for moment redistribution in statically indeterminate structures. Furthermore, this model was used to analyse different façade element designs according to requirements and recommendations found in design codes. Besides the FE-modelling, critical details in TRC façade elements are discussed and compared to steel reinforced solutions.


An initial value problem is considered for the nonlinear dissipative wave equation containing the $ p(x) $-bi-Laplacian operator. For this problem, sufficient conditions for the blow-up with nonpositive initial energy of a generalized solution are obtained in finite time where a wide variety of techniques are used.


We introduce our practical system that is applicable to very large topographic map. We present a practical algorithm for contour line interpolation, which can get rid of some fatal defects often found in the grid and triangular net approaches, known as "the interpolated line's intersection with mother contour lines". We propose an algorithm for contour line elevation interpretation. A practical algorithm for three dimensional regular data field is presented to handle a very large map, and the quality of the calculated grid elevation is high due to the sufficient exploitation of prior knowledge. The run time complexity of the approach for establishing the 3 D regular data field is O(m+n) , linear to the number of data points (m) and the number of grid points (n) , therefore, the processing speed is very high. Finally, a real time graph is created with the three dimensional regular data field.


Degradation of iodinated beta-endorphin in human and rat plasma was investigated, using different proteinase inhibitors. This degradation affects the radioimmunoassay quality. Additional blank tubes were also prepared during assay procedure to avoid the effect of 125-I-beta-endorphin adsorption on the dextran-coated charcoal in the presence and absence of plasma proteins, what avoids underestimation of the beta-endorphin level in plasma samples. Based on the above observations, the sensitive and direct radioimmunoassay of beta-endorphin was developed in human and rat plasma.


Nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiONPs) toxicity has been evaluated in the human pulmonary epithelial cell lines: BEAS-2B and A549. The nanoparticles, used at the doses of 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 g/ml, induced a significant reduction of cell viability and an increase of apoptotic and necrotic cells at 24 h. A significant release of interleukin-6 and -8 was assessed after 24 h of treatment, even intracellular ROS increased already at 45 min after exposure. The results obtained evidenced that the cytokines release was dependent


The paper studies the effects of 5 different pesticides on the P.chinensis by crown spray.The 5 pesticides are acetamiprid(3%),imidacloprid(5%),acephate(20%),Decamethrin(2.5) and Cypermethrin(10%).The result shows that the best diluting rate of the 5 pesticides are 1000,1200,600,1000 and 800。 The most effective period is early July。


Excerpt The relationship of the adrenal gland to essential hypertension in the hypertensive syndrome has been the subject of a vast amount of work and speculation at both the experimental and the c...


Based on the status of GIS higher education in China,in this paper,we investigated the following aspects.These are market demand,construction of teaching staff,curriculum setting,teaching methods and student interest in GIS higher education.One analyses the main problems in the GIS higher education process.Finally we propose relevant countermeasures to improve our GIS higher education.


The rapid development of information technology enables an increasing number of consumers to search and book products/services online first and then to consume them in brick-and-mortar stores. This new ecommerce model is called online to offline (O2O) e-commerce and has received significant managerial and academic attention. Many industries are building up O2O vertically oriented e-commerce platform, and its order allocation model takes the suppliers' income into account. The optimization goal is to minimize the manufacturing cost, transportation cost, delay in product delivery quantity, and maximize the suppliers credit evaluation. Considering the complexity of the model, I designed a genetic algorithm, and combining with heuristic rules to avoid a large amount of illegal neighboring points and initial solutions. Experimental examples show that we can get the balance between the suppliers' income and the cost of the entire supply chain. The algorithm can get stable within permitted operation time satisfaction solution, which is similar with the results of the LINGO optimization result, but the operation time is greatly decreased.


In this paper,the author from the status of enterprise informatization construction,analyzes the causes of the problems,including the system,system factors and staffing,and puts forward the corresponding measures.


How does the layout of a city affect how protest unfolds? How does urban space constrain and enable the choices protesters have both physically and symbolically? How does protest differ from one city to another? Youssef El Chazli takes us inside Alexandria's revolt in January 2011 and contrasts it to the better-known story of the anti-Mubarak uprising of 25 January 2011 in Cairo, showing us the ways in which the protest in Egypt's "second capital" ballooned because of the geographically transgressive choices of its protesters.


According to the basic principles of thermal stress,experiments and analysis were carried out on the changos of thermal and moisture stress and damage caused by the variation of thermal and moisture environment in the bamboo reinforced concrete.The results show that the coefficient of traverse thermal and moisture expansion is greater than the longitudinal coefficient in the bamboo,and also greater than the expansion coefficient of the concrete.When the pressure stress in the bamboo reinforcement caused by the concurrent enlargement of thermal and moisture exceeds the compression strength of bamboo,damage will be generated inside the bamboo reinforcement,and the compression strength will be brought down.When the tensile stress in the bamboo reinforcement caused by the concurrent decrease is larger than the surface binding stress between the bamboo reinforcement and the concrete,the function of reinforcing rib in the frame will be weakened.The fall of temperature and moisture is one of the most important reasons leading to the damage of bamboo reinforced concrete during the designed operation condition.


during an academic disputation at the beginning of the 17th century, Leonard Hutterus, the "Lutherus redonatus" (Luther given back, i.e. Luther reborn), ripped Melanchthon's portrait from the wall and tread it underfoot. More than a half century later, in this same Wittenberg, Abraham Calov lamented, "God does not always let an Elisha follow Elijah . . . at times, according to God's judgment, a vital and faithful Lutheranism is followed by a fearfully cold-brained Philipp." In 1660, in the anniversaryhappy realm of Lutheranism, only a single voice was to be heard publicly commemorating the one hundredth anniversary of Melanchthon's death . . . (one hundred years later the Preceptor of Germany would be celebrated with a wealth of academic speeches in both Wittenberg and Leipzig!). The anti-Melanchthon enmity took on a new quality in Pietism. PHILIPP MELANCHTHON1


Tensegrity structures are based on the idea of balanced structures composed of rigid bodies that are connected only by using tension elements. Robots that are constructed using tensegrity principle can offer many advantages such as being lightweight, impact tolerant or offering unique modes of locomotion. Controlling tensegrity robots has many challenges due to their overall complexity and nonlinear coupling between components. In this paper we overcome these challenges by using multiagent learning methods to control a ball shaped tensegrity robot. Experimental results performed in a soft-body physics simulator show that the single-agent learning system performs 80% better than a handcoded solution, while the multiagent learning systems performs 100% better. In addition, learning is able to discover diverse control solutions (both crawling and rolling) that are robust against structural failures and can be adapted to a wide range of energy and actuation constraints. We also discuss the different control strategies and hardware implementation of the simulated robot.


We consider Calder´on's inverse boundary value problems for a class of nonlinear Helmholtz Schr¨odinger equations and Maxwell's equations in a bounded domain in R n . The main method is the higher order linearization of the Dirichlet-to-Neumann map of the corresponding equations. The local uniqueness of the linearized partial data Calder´on's inverse problem is obtained following [11]. The Runge approximation properties and unique continuation principle allow to extend to global situations. Simultaneous recovery of some unknown cavity / boundary and coefficients are given as some applications.


The article describes the procedure for analyzing information resources of the system of dynamic integration of weakly structured data in the web-environment to determine the common features of information resources and identify links between them. Model-based shared resource definitions and language describing the rules of access to resources, examines the process of creating an object adapter defining the common features of the information resources and identify relationships between them using the rules of the method of "black box". The process of determining the structural-dynamic model of the domain Mashup-application is described.


Simple Summary During the COVID-19 pandemic, as clinical psychologists, we felt a human need—in addition to an ethical duty—to guarantee continuity of care to our patients, many of whom felt alone and frightened or verbalized the fear of being abandoned. This provided a channel of psychological support that helped patients to face, together, such a difficult moment. In consideration of the difficulty of accessing hospitals during this period, and the fear felt by many patients of face-to-face visits for psychological interviews, we devised a sharing project that could be used remotely. In so doing, we responded to the need to share and normalize that we observed in our patients, with this pilot project aiming at evaluating the effectiveness of cinema as a tool for emotional mediation in psychological support paths. Abstract Background: Several subjects affected by cancer experience a significant level of multidimensional disease. This longitudinal study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of psycho-oncological support using Cinema as an emotional mediator and to promote perceived well-being by personalized psychological treatment. Methods: Thirty women diagnosed with gynecological cancer watched 12 movies and participated in a psychotherapy group co-conducted by two psychotherapists. Patients completed nine questionnaires at T0 (baseline), T1 (3 months) and T2 (6 months). Results: Patients observed significant improvements (CORE-OM: p < 0.001) in psychological well-being. The results showed statistically significant differences, even in several other dimensions, such as Anxiety (STAY-Y1-2: p < 0.001), Empathy (BEES, p < 0.001), Coping (COPE: p < 0.001), QoL (QLQ-C30, p: 0.026), couple relationship (DAS, Satisfaction: p: 0.013; Cohesion: p: 0.004) and alexithymia (TAS-20, Difficulty Identifying Feeling: p: 0.002; Externally-Oriented Thinking: p: 0.003). Conclusions: The data show that cinema, as an innovative psychological approach, could be a valid instrument to support patients in oncological pathways as well as facilitating the process of recognizing themselves in other patients and communicating about their own feelings.


Abstract: In Todays time, when maintaining the classes and scheduling time for students of respective subject is dynamically hard, Colleges can't able to give their 100% because the data of student attendance is not perfectly arranged, hence unable to provide guest lecture, external workshop, and many more extra circular activities to its peak (as much as possible). If we do such task manually then the management will become a very time consuming and difficult task. In today's modern days algorithm like HOG, CNN, fisherfaces, Eigenfaces, and etc. are examples of one of the many algorithms that are used in these modern days and our system take the count the number of students in a digital format. Our system is used to identify the person who is going in a class and count total number of persons present in a classroom. The count is stored into the person profile or attendance ledger of that person we use google cloud platform as our Database. We use a Raspberry Pi which make our system portable and hence, it's easy to setup our system anywhere and very easily in the classroom. Our Raspberry Pi is connected to either College WIFI or College Ethernet so that our Realtime system send email to person that are present, if he enters late in the class then a mail will also come that you are late, if the person wants more detail about their attendance, then he/she check our android app where its shows no. of days present, percentage of person attendance and which days he/she is present and absent and etc. Keywords: IOT, Machine Learning, Pi Module Camera, Raspberry Pi &OpenCV


In Bangladesh, the cereal, pulse and other crops have traditionally been planted after 3-4 ploughing operations followed by laddering which is slow, laborious, time consuming and also costly (Singh et al. 2003 and Timsina et al. 2001). Added to this is the increasing labor shortage especially in the peak period. Raised bed planting reduce production cost, save labor and water increases input efficiency, increases yields (Witt et al.2000). This experiment was undertaken to select the best genotypes bed planting and to determine their growth characteristics under this system.


In Portugal, Housing First has been receiving increasing attention from homelessness service providers and organizations, as well from policy makers. The first program began in 2009, in Lisbon, and is operated by AEIPS, an NGO, in collaboration with researchers from the ISPA-University Institute. The project, named Casas primeiro , targeted people in situations of long-term homelessness with mental health problems and who were living in very harsh conditions. The project provided people with immediate access to independent apartments in various areas rented in the normal rental market, and offered personalized, flexible, and consumer-driven support services. Results from the two-year pilot project were very positive. This chapter outlines the origins and diffusion of Housing First ideas in Portugal. Particularly, it examines how this pilot project has influenced changes in the homelessness system, both at city and national levels. Sustainability efforts, and dissemination initiatives to promote Housing First programs in other communities are described, including training and technical assistance activities. It also describes recent developments in social policy change.


This study examines the Integrated Marketing Communications (IMC) strategy carried out by Ustadh Al-Ghozali in marketing the red ginger products. IMC strategy plays an important role in the advancement and development of the Home industry. The purpose of this study was to identify the IMC strategy proposed by Al-Ghozali in marketing the red ginger products and to teach this research using a qualitative-descriptive approach with a Marketing Mix theory perspective. The results of this study describe that the IMC strategy carried out by Al-Ghozali includes two stages, namely planning and implementation. In these two stages he employs a strategy of advertising, direct marketing, direct promotion, personal selling, and public relations. The factors that support the success of the IMC strategy are the role of social media and the involvement of resellers. IMC strategy is implemented optimally. Although there are several constrained aspects, there are quite a lot of consumers, especially those in the shop who have collaborated


The radiation stress associated with acoustic waves propagating in solids of arbitrary crystalline symmetry is a tensor of second rank for which each of nine components is generally nonzero. Expressions for the radiation stress tensor are derived in terms of generalized nonlinearity parameters of the solid and the energy density of the acoustic wave. For waves propagating in isotropic solids and in the pure mode propagation directions of single crystals the tensor reduces to diagonal form in the appropriately transformed frame. The generalized expressions hold for shear wave as well as for compressional wave propagation in anisotropic solids.


Synthetic Retrotransposon Vectors and Gene Targeting A New Retroviral Vector and a New Method To Target Homologous Recombination in Mammalian Cells Development of the Hairpin Ribozyme as a Gene Therapy Approach to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 Infection Replicating Plasmid Vectors for Cancer Gene Therapy Gene Targeting Using Triple-Helix-Forming Oligonucleotides Effects of Lipololysaccahrides on Liposome-Mediated Transfection and the Consequence for DNA Preparation for Gene Therapy The Application of Electronic Pulse Delivery in Gene Therapy: Progress and Perspectives Self-Assembling DNA Photonic Nanostructures Controllable Gene Therapy Using Nonviral Systems Progress in Targeting Nucleic Acids to the Liver Advances in Receptor-Mediated Gene Transfer into Cells In Vitro and In Vivo Ligand-Polylysine Mediated Gene Transfer Efficient Transfer of Genetic Material into Mammalian Cells Using Polyamidoamine Dendrimers as Synthetic Vectors: Dendrimer-Mediated Transfection The Proton Sponge: A Trick the Viruses Did Not Exploit Biomaterials for Gene Transfer: Self-Assembling Nanostructured Aquasomes Gene Transfer by Liposome-Entrapped Polycation-Condensed DNA: LPDI and LPDII Gene Transfer into Mammalian Cells Using Synthetic Cationic Lipids


Today's Supply Chain (SC) network is operating in ever more complex and dynamic environments due to globalization, rapid technology development, more demanding customers, more sophisticated products/services and tougher competition. Outsourcing, smaller supply base, zero inventory and other approaches have been seen as enablers for handling these business challenges. However, these approaches make SC turn into a more complex and interdependent network which increases SC vulnerability to any disruption (risk). Supply Chain Risk Management (SCRM) is aiming at reducing SC network susceptibility. Risk identification is one of important step in SCRM. Most of the potential SC risks and most importantly their interrelationships should be recognized to ensure that organizations develop an appropriate SC risk mitigation strategy. Due to the nature and complexity of SC network, identifying risk becomes a highly challenging task for organizations. This paper presents the development of Knowledge Based - Supply Chain Risk Identification System (SCRIS) which gives assistance to organizations to manage risks in their SC network by recommending on two important issues: (1) SC potential risks, and (2) Interrelations of these potential risks.


Lifelong education was developed in Europe in the 1970's. A learning society arises when principles of adult education are properly deployed. Vertical integration concerns learning throughout the lifespan. Horizontal integration requires education to occur in informal and nonformal as well as familiar formal settings. Democratization demands the dismantling of barriers that impede access to education and involvement of learners in the design and management of their own education. Chinese citizens have always learned from a broad array (of not just educational settings). The initiative to build 61 "learning cities" demonstrates a genius for adapting western ideas. China has already transcended some limitations of European ideas about lifelong education. However, because of ageism, the obsession with formal education and need to navigate within the contours of the party-state, building a learning society faces special challenges. In China, as elsewhere, universities are not leading these initiatives. They need to become more flexible and open.


It was observed that when polarized by an intense electric field, water is able to self-arrange into macroscopic cylindrical wires that can hang up and remain floating against gravity. This phenomenon is now known as a 'water bridge'. Several attempts have been made to give an explanation of this apparently unusual behaviour of water. A number of experiments have been performed with the aim of probing any possible structural change of bulk water, after application of the electric field. None of the available findings appear conclusive at the moment. Here we report the results of the first Raman scattering experiment on floating water bridges. The inter-molecular OH-stretching band has been investigated and the results have been compared with those from bulk water. Some changes in the scattering profiles after application of the electric field are shown to have a structural origin. The bridges have been obtained, for the first time, in a vertical geometry and under application of an alternating field. The adopted geometry has allowed us to reveal a clear asymmetry between opposite direct current biasing, which can be related to the nature of the charge carriers.


This study aims to optimize the application of SBAR communication during handovers between nursing shifts. This research method is a case study with a situation analysis. The results showed that the application of SBAR communication was not optimal when handing over patients between nursing shifts. Innovations are developed by making additional recommendations for SBAR SOPs and monitoring and evaluation drafts referring to the literature. A trial of money filling can be carried out. In conclusion, it is necessary to have a supervisor (Karu) whose function is to direct nurses, especially in the implementation of the handover, so that the nurse will carry out the weigh-in following the direction of the head of the room and the SOP that applies in the room regarding the implementation of the handover.

Keywords: Head of Room, SBAR Communication, Supervision


Case 1 A 71-year-old man, seen for the first time in June 1997, had a 4-year history of bluish-red macules, progressively forming plaques and nodules, localized at first on distal parts of the feet and then the lower legs. Involvement of the penis, hands and forearms was noticed in 1997, the upper legs and lower part of the trunk in 1998, and the mucous membrane of the hard palate in 1999 (Fig. 1). The patient had a history of five episodes of localized herpes zoster (1980–91), diabetes mellitus since 1990 (treated with insulin since 1993) with diabetic polyneuropathy, and arterial hypertension diagnosed in 1996. The diagnosis of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) was confirmed histopathologically in May 1998 (Fig. 2). The virological examination (DNA amplification) of skin-biopsy specimens (2000)


Modern distribution networks are undergoing several technical challenges, such as voltage fluctuations, because of high penetration of distributed energy resources (DERs). This paper proposes a deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-based Volt-VAR co-optimization technique for reducing voltage fluctuations as well as power loss under high penetration of DERs. In addition, the proposed approach minimizes the operational cost of the grid. A stochastic policy optimization based soft actor critic (SAC) agent is proposed to configure the optimal set-points of the reactive power outputs of the inverters. The performance of the proposed model is verified on the modified IEEE 34- and 123-bus systems and compared with a base case scenario with no reactive supply by inverters, and a local droop control approach. The results demonstrate that the proposed framework outperforms the conventional droop control method in improving the voltage profile, minimizing the network power loss, and reducing grid operational cost.


In the past years many residential care organizations have been working to implement New Authority (NA) and non-violent resistance (NVR) as part of their educational tools. The main target of NA as a method is to strengthen the authority of caregivers working directly with children. It is assumed that by strengthening their authority they start feeling more capable as caregivers and their sense of helplessness is reduced. NA thrives to help caregivers connect with their sense of responsibility towards their educational messages and to take action that strengthens the way they experience authority over the children. When children are placed in residential care, a team of educators function as their main caregivers. The educators work as part of a large social organization that like most organizations found today is structured in a hierarchy. The hierarchy establishes a power and authority flow from top to bottom, meaning that the workers at the bottom of the hierarchy the educators have the least authority in the organization itself.


Different objective functions are reviewed with regard to their intrinsic properties and generic relationshiDs as they relate to the measurement of phytosociological resemblance. These functions may take the form of a distance, probability, or information. Functions of these kinds are best conceived by the phytosociologist as abstractions which are meaningful only when placed within the bounds of a given sample space. In such a space the phytosociological objects, such as the individual stands of vegetation, are represented as points whose relative spatial placement is determined by the resemblance function. The spatial configuration of points, i.e., the manner of their placement relative to one another in sample space, is referred to as sample structure in the present paper. The first part of the paper includes a discussion of the sample space and sample structure, and it also deals with the concept of stochastic and deterministic resemblance functions. This is followed by the description of the different variants of distance, a probability-type coefficient, and several information theory functions. While the distance functions here represent metric divergences, which define the relative placement of objects in sample space, a probability-type coefficient, as a probability divergence, expresses the likelihood that given objects will be more dis-


446 TDRAs, through the partial and group response coefficients, confirm that, under every condition that we have studied, malonyl-CoA exerts its effects over the pathway via CPT I. These conclusions apply only to our system and our conditions. Yet our TDCAs in a more physiological system, including ketone body and ATP synthesis in coupled mitochondria, show that in state 3 CPT I has most of the control and in states intermediate between 3 and 4 the control is shared. That the simple TDCAs show most of the control resides with the P-oxidation block is potentially misleading, as the TDRAs show malonyl-CoA regulates the pathway via its effects on CPT I.


The objective of this research is to determine relationship between durian maturity of Sunan cultivar and its physical properties. Twelve mature Sunan durians of 100 ± 3 days after fullbloom and 12 immature durians of 70 ± 3 days after fullbloom were used to bedetermined their specific gravity and physical properties. Specific gravity was measured by water displacement and physical properties was visualy identified. After the measurement of specific gravity, all durians were opened (0 measure firmness and total soluble solid (TSS). Durians pulp firmness were measured using Rheometer CD-300 DX (kg unit) while total soluble solid of durians pulp using a digital refractometer Atago PR-201 (% brixs). The result indicated that Sunan durians with oval shape, weight 1,53 1-0,45 kg, diameter 16.0 1-3,0 cm, length 19,0 ±4,0 cm and can be cracked or opened. The specific gravity immature durian was 0,99 ±0,08 gicrn'' and mature durian was 0,89 0,024 g/cm3. The relationship between specific gravity versus firmness of durian pulp, and specific gravity versus total soluble solid are significant as indicated by R2 = 0,89 and R2 = 0,88 respectively. The firmness of immature durian pulp is bigger than 3 kg and the total soluble solid is less than JO % brit


We have studied both theoretically and experimentally how an LC series circuit connected in parallel to a Josephson junction influences the Josephson dynamics. The presence of the shell circuit introduces two energy scales, which in specific cases, can strongly differ from the plasma frequency of the isolated junction. Josephson junctions were manufactured using the Nb/Al-AlOx/Nb fabrication technology with various on-chip LC shunt circuits. Spectroscopic measurements in the quantum limit show excellent agreement with theory taking into account the shunt inductance and capacitance in the resistively and capacitively shunted junction model. The results clearly show that the dynamics of the system are two-dimensional, resulting in two resonant modes of the system. These findings have important implications for the design and operation of Josephson junction based quantum bits. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3581139]


It is gratifying that the American Medical Association is dedicating this issue ofThe Journalto focus on the illness of alcoholism and related problems, since these affect millions of Americans. This is another in a long list of AMA contributions to our understanding of alcohol-related health problems and their solutions. In November 1956, the AMA House of Delegates issued a statement recognizing that alcoholism is an illness that comes within the scope of medical practice. The AMA has prepared several editions and revisions of its Manual on Alcoholism , first published in 1968, and has likewise facilitated the awareness and education of physicians concerning addictive disorders with its Manual on Drug Abuse . The Association has sponsored a series of conferences on the impaired physician to raise the consciousness of the clinical community to its own susceptibiliity and to stress the very important fact that alcoholism, drug abuse, and mental illness


On 1 July 1992, Fiji implemented a broad-based, value added tax (hereinafter VAT). The introduction of the tax has been controversial. It was decreed by an interim caretaker government, and many sectors of the community vigorously opposed it. This article discusses the broad-based VAT that has been adopted in Fiji, looking specifically at the background of the adoption of VAT, the arguments for and against its adoption in Fiji, what the tax is and how it works.


The utility model discloses a fruit fermentation stoste liquid filling machine, include the air compressor and the cylinder body that link to each other through the pipeline, be equipped with the level gauge in the cylinder body, the lateral wall of cylinder body is provided with a plurality of layers of slope inlet, the incline direction of all slope inlets is unanimous, the slope inlet has draw -off pump through inlet pipe connection, first -class gauge has been cup jointed on the feed liquor pipe, the cylinder body lower extreme is installed a plurality ofly and the communicating dress mouth that spouts of cylinder body, it is equipped with the conveyer belt to spout dress mouth lower extreme, be equipped with fixed container's recess on the conveyer belt, still include a controller, the input of controller links to each other with level gauge and first -class gauge, the output links to each other with draw -off pump. The utility model discloses degree of automation is high, takes stirring function certainly.


In this paper we give a short overview of the security of the Global System of Mobile Communications (GSM) system in light of a recent attack by Barkan et al. on one of the cryptographic algorithms used for both privacy protection and authentication. The attack breaks the algorithm in a very practical way and, as we will see, a design flaw in the GSM authentication protocol allow an attacker to utilize this attack to compromise networks not using this flawed algorithm. Concretely, we will end up with a way for the attacker to use in-reach phones as oracles for doing authentication on behalf of the attacker, i.e. future attacks on GSM, in particular on the authentication protocol, can consider this attack as a procedure for doing authentication and wire-tapping without knowing the secret key. There are other attacks on the GSM system but the focus in this paper is almost exclusively on the above mentioned attack by Barkan et al. as it appears to be the most efficient. We will give a short overview of the attack and intensionally leave out a lot of the details; the original papers [3, 2] can be consulted if more in-depth discussion is needed (we suggest to read both as they both contain material not found in the other). However, as we intend for this paper to be self-contained, we include clarifying and/or more general discussion when appropiate. The outline of the paper is as follows. Section 2 gives an overview of the GSM system, in particular its security model. A discussion of the cryptographic components of the GSM system, including attacks on them, is given in section 2.2. A more thorough discussion of the primary algorithm of the attack, A5/2, is given in section 3 together with an introduction to stream ciphers. In section 4 we show how to do an efficient ciphertext-only attack on A5/2 and in section 5 we show how this attack can be used to attack other algorithms, ending up with the before-mentioned oracle for doing authentication and decryption. Finally, in section 6 we conclude with a discussion of what made these attacks possible and how it might have been avoided.


The present invention is a high-worsted spun wool blended yarn and a manufacturing method, the blended yarn, a blended cashmere and silk strip article made, cashmere and silk strip article was 70:30 wt , 180 public support, 1193/772 yarn twist of twists / m, strength 52 / 144CN, elongation ≥6%. This method is suitable for producing the high-worsted wool blended yarn of the present invention, silk, wool and cashmere after treatment reaches the upper machine requirements, together with the silk strip, after finishing coalescence, before spinning, the spun yarn steaming , winding, and wire, twisting yarn steaming process to obtain the finished product which the fabric panel having a thin, smooth, waxy feel, drape, moisture permeability characteristics.


It is of crucial significance to study infectious disease phenomenon by using the discrete SIRS model with the Caputo deltas sense and fractal viewpoint. In this paper, Julia set of the discrete fractional SIRS model is established to analyze the fractal dynamics of this model. Then three different controllers, which are, respectively, added to different parts of the model as a whole, a part, and a product factor, are designed to change the Julia set, and the graphs illustrate the complexity of the model. Simulation results show the efficacy of these methods.


In view of the needs of development of democratic politics of our country,this paper puts forward a new route for the democratic construction of our country to demonstrate and bring along people's democracy with inner-party democracy.It expounds three major channels:mechanism-operating;system-driving;behavior-leading.And we should do in accordance with this train of thoughts at present.


INTRODUCTION
American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) and leprosy share common areas of prevalence, but reports of coinfection are scarce.

METHODS
We report a series of 9 ATL-leprosy cases and discuss the association. An integrative diagram to analyze the clinico-immunological features of coinfection with both diseases.

RESULTS
Nine patients with leishmaniasis (5 cutaneous, 3 mucocutaneous, 1 disseminated case) exhibited concurrent infection with distinct clinical forms of leprosy. Our diagram-based analysis evidenced a divergent clinico-immunological spectrum for each disease in 8 out of 9 cases.

CONCLUSIONS
The spectrum of ATL-leprosy comorbidity suggests that the host has a specific immune response against each pathogen.


Attending to the habitat conditions where inhabit Osilinus spp., we study the facts that influent the spatial distribution pattern of the species. The results indicate that the tidal range is the factor that most influences the behaviour of individuals, and there is a direct correlation between tidal range and the speed, and distance of displacement of individuals. Moreover, this species appears to have a high fidelity to a particular area, showing a homing behaviour.


Abstract The stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behavior of 90W-Ni-Fe (W-10) and 97W-Ni-Fe-Cu-Co (W-3) alloys has been studied in 3% NaCl solution. The influences of electrochemical polarization and heat treatment on KISCC, static load crack growth rate, and fracture morphology were studied. The W-10 alloy exhibited SCC susceptibility in NaCl solution. Both electrochemical polarization in the NaCl solution and heat treatment in hydrogen increased SCC susceptibility. At the corrosion potential and at anodic potentials, SCC propagated by active dissolution of the matrix phase. At cathodic potentials, cracks propagated by separation of tungsten-tungsten and tungsten-matrix interfaces with some cleavage of tungsten grains. The W-3 alloy did not exhibit SCC susceptibility in NaCl solution, under any conditions. SCC in the W-10 alloy occurs by electrochemical dissolution of the matrix at anodic potentials and hydrogen embrittlement of the matrix at cathodic potentials. The small matrix volume and high tungsten con...


Web-designing isn't made of softwares only. That is only prerequisite work. Because it will be skimmed through by all the users. Then its popularity should be taken into consideration. So HTML, the users' explorer, the resolution of user's screen, the speed of loading Web are concerned. And the complemental factors such as graph? color and font should be applied properly, so as to make the web satisfied by the users not only with its content but also appearance.


Synthetic dyes are widely used in textile, paper, food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. The textile industry accounts for two thirds of the total dyestuff market. During dyeing process approximately 10-15% of the dyes used are released into the wastewater. In the present study Achromobacter xylosoxidans GRIRKNM11 isolated and sequenced from the textile dye effluent site was able to decolorize the turquoise blue dye (100 mg/L) within 48 h at 37°C and pH 7.0. Decolorisation was assayed using spectrophotometery and products formed during degradation were characterized through FTIR spectra.


The IMS Learning Design specification provides a potential means for capturing units of instruction in a machine-readable, consistent way. However, in order for the IMS Learning Design specification to be used widely by educators and instructional designers for whom it is intended, we will need effective ways for users to contribute to, access and adapt the repositories where reusable learning designs are collected and stored. This paper describes a project conducted to develop and test a prototype search model for learning design repositories. We argue for development of a controlled vocabulary to describe and label learning designs. In this way, designs can be accessed according to a variety of pedagogical, as well as topical criteria specific to the instructional purposes and perspectives of the user.


This paper presents the axial symmetrical thermal consolidation caused by a decaying point heat source in a saturated isotropic poroelastic full space. The formulations of the mathematical model are based on Biot's non‐isothermal three‐dimensional consolidation theory of porous media. The closed‐form solutions of displacements, excess pore water pressure and temperature increment of the porous stratum are obtained by using Laplace and Hankel integral transforms. The solutions may be used to test numerical models and numerical simulations of the thermoelastic processes near the decaying heat sources.


The article considers the issues of development of technological projects of small family farms for sheep, goat and poultry. The aim of the project is the creation of a profitable enterprise for fattening sheep, goats, chickens, ducks, geese and obtaining eggs; the creation of new permanent jobs; providing additional revenues to the budgets of all levels in the form of tax deductions; increase livestock production agriculture of Rostov region.


Objective: To investigate rates and predictors of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) attendance after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABGS) at Royal Melbourne Hospital (RMH), Victoria, where current best practice referral and recruitment strategies have been adopted.


Conjoined twins represent one of the rarest forms of gestation with an estimated incidence of 1 in 50,000 to 1,00,000. A 19-year-old primi gravida, a resident of Ahmednagar was referred to our hospital from Baramati at 29 weeks gestation with an ultrasound suggestive of conjoint twins with anemia. Patient was admitted and was managed conservatively with intravenous iron sucrose and discharged after antenatal registration with us followed by careful and close antenatal follow up. She presented to us in labour on 24/11/15 and was posted for an emergency caesarean section. Conjoined twins of combined weight 3050 grams were extracted out, both female with a common heart and were handed over to pediatric surgeon. In conclusion, conjoined twins are associated with high perinatal mortality; therefore making an early diagnosis by means of ultrasound gives parents a chance to electively terminate pregnancy.


The use of an array processor as a computational element in rotorcraft real-time simulation is studied. A multilooping scheme was considered in which the rotor would loop over its calculations a number of time while the remainder of the model cycled once on a host computer. To prove that such a method would realistically simulate rotorcraft, a FORTRAN program was constructed to emulate a typical host-array processor computing configuration. The multilooping of an expanded rotor model, which included appropriate kinematic equations, resulted in an accurate and stable simulation.


Graphene zinc oxide composites have been successfully synthesized via a hydrothermal reaction using graphite zinc chloride as starting materials. These prepared composites with different ratios of graphene and zinc oxides were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman and solid UV-Vis spectroscopies, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The XRD and TGA analysis reveal that the intercalation of ZnO into graphene layer expands the d – spacing between graphene sheets and reduce the oxidation temperature. The results from Raman spectroscopy show that composites possess both characteristics of graphene and ZnO, and there is existence of interaction between ZnO and oxygenated functionalities on graphene sheets. In the photocatalytic reaction, the composite containing 10% in mass of ZnO exhibits the highest photocatalytic efficiency of 97.13% after 13 hours exposing to sun light. © 2016 Elixir All rights reserved. Elixir Chem. Phys. 97 (2016) 41882-41885 Chemical Physics Available online at www.elixirpublishers.com (Elixir International Journal) Tran Ngoc Dung et al./ Elixir Chem. Phys. 97 (2016) 41882-41885 41883 samples are denoted as GXZnO (X is weight percentages of ZnO in composite). Characterization: Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was performed by a Hitachi S-4800 field emission scanning electron microscope at 5 kV. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the samples were measured on a Bruker-D5005 powder Xray diffractometer using copper K-radiation with λ = 1.5406 Å. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was performed on NEXUS-670, Nicotet – USA. Raman spectroscopy was recorded using LAB RAM HR800, HORIBA-France. UV-Vis absorption spectra of solid forms were recorded by Jasco V670 spectrophotometer. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was carried out on a Shimazu DTG-60H instrument at a heating rate of 10 o /min under air flow. Photocatalytic activity: the photocatalytic activity of the photocatalyst was confirmed by the degradation of Methylene Blue (MB) under visible radiation of sun light. Photocatalyst (5 mg) was dispersed into 80 ml MB solution with the concentration of 10 mg/L, and then the mixture was stirred for 5 min in the dark, after which the mixture was exposed to radiation of sun light (the temperature is about 35 o C). The samples were analyzed every 60 min using UV-visible spectrophotometer (LIUV-310S, Lambda). Experiments were carried out under sun light radiation from 10 am to 4 pm of the shiny day without cloud and with the temperature of around 35 o C. Results And Discussion Characterization of GXZnO composites: Figure 1 shows the XRD patterns of graphite powder, graphene oxide, graphene, ZnO and GXZnO composites with different contents of ZnO ranging from 5 to 20%. The XRD patterns of pure pristine graphite exhibits a sharp peak at about 2θ = 26.5 o correlating to an interlayer space of 3.36 Å. While, reflection angle of GO shifted to the lower value of about 11 o correlated to interlayer distance of 8.80 Å. The increase in d-space of GO suggests that functional groups were formed after oxidation of graphite. For graphene, XRD pattern appears a broad reflection slightly shifted to lower value (~25.7 o )in comparison with reflection angle of graphite. This relative small shift reveals the presence of oxygen functional groups in graphene leading to slightly higher value of d-spacing compared with the case of GO [6]. As can be seen in figure 1, the XRD patterns of the GXZnO composites were different from the XRD pattern of pure ZnO, in which there are peaks characteristic for the standard wurtzite structure of ZnO with diffraction peaks at 31.7, 34.4, 36.3, 47.6, 56.6 and 62.9 o [1, 7] indexed to (100), (002), (101), (102), (110) and (103) crystallographic planes of hexagonal ZnO (JPCDS 36-1451), and a peak characteristic for d-spacing between grapheen sheet at 25.3 o . These results demonstrate that the presence of graphene does not result in the development of new crystal orientations or changes favorable orientation of ZnO [7]. Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA): The composition of the GXZnO composites were further studied by thermogravimetric analysis. Plots in Figure 3 are the TGA curves of graphite and GO, graphene and GXZnO composites obtained with heating rate of 10 o /min and under air flow. As expected, graphite was highly stable up to 700 o C, while almost mass of GO was lost rapidly at the temperature of under 200 o C. 20 30 40 50 60 G10ZnO G15ZnO G5ZnO ZnO In te n si ty / a . u 2/degree 15 30 45 Graphene GO Graphite Figure 1. X-ray diffraction patterns of pristine graphite, GO, graphene, ZnO and GXZnO composites. This can be explained due to pyrolysis of labile oxygencontaining functional groups yielding a vigorous release of steam, CO and CO2 gases, and therefore leading to the large mass loss [8, 9]. In contrast with GO, TGA curve of graphene shows the significantly improved thermal stability indicating the removal of oxygene-containing functional groups in GO sheets during reduction of GO [10]. 0 200 400 600 80


This paper mainly analyzes the negative transfer issues that Chinese middle school students generally have in their acquisition of English regarding lexical aspect. Data of the research is collected from the designed exercise completed by three middle school students with different English proficiency levels. Concerning all the lexical transfer errors that the students make, collocation and derivation are the two most common types. Regarding collocation, this paper argues that an English word with multiple Chinese equivalents leads to the use of wrong collocations in English. Regarding derivation, this paper finds that the changeable word form of different parts of speech in English causes the wrong use of the word form. In addition, several suggestions are offered to improve the negative transfer in the acquisition of English, which are using English-English dictionary, focusing on the language input, and making contrastive analysis.


The invention discloses a processing method for a nutritious and health care fruit-vegetable powder rich in vitamins. The powder is prepared from the following raw materials by weight part: 50-100 of kiwi fruits, 50-100 of guava, 30-40 of peas, 20-30 of Rosa Roxbughii Tratt, 15-20 of fennel, 3-5 of mulberry leaves, 2-3 of Angelica Keiskei, 1-2 of Oenothera biennis, 2-3 of pseudo-ginseng flowers, 1-2 of Tuber Fleeceflower Stems, 2-3 of Tilia Europaea, 1-2 of cortex acanthopanacis, 1-2 of Common Hops, and a proper amount of safflower seed oil. The powder is added with a plurality of fruits and vegetables rich in vitamin ingredients for blending, the nutrient components are abundant, and the taste and smell are adjusted. At the same time, the added pseudo-ginseng flowers have the efficacy of clearing heat, calming liver and lowering blood pressure, the Tuber Fleeceflower Stems can nourish blood, soothe the nerves and help digestion, and the Tilia Europaea can calm the heart, soothe the nerves, lower the blood pressure, and expel toxins. Thus, the nutritious and health care fruit-vegetable powder is suitable for busy, restless and insomnious people to eat.


The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of newly prepared root canal biosealer (ZOGU) at various time intervals against E. faecalis. Materials and Methods: Agar diffusion method was used in this study. Tgsealer zinc oxide eugenol base root canal sealer served as positive control. The sealers were freshly mixed and placed in prepared wells in 40 plates of Enterococcus agar base media (HiMedia India) inoculated with E. faecalis, . Plates were divided randomly, into five test groups according to time interval of incubation, ten plates for each. All plates were incubated at 37˚C. The zone of inhibition of each sealer was measured after 1day, 2days, 3 days and 7 days interval in order to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy in different time intervals. Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA, independent sample't' test and Duncan's Multiple Range Test as applicable. P value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Two sealers exhibited antibacterial effect at all incubation periods. There are significant differences between two root canal sealer types at all incubation periods except at 7 days, which indicate no significant differences. The largest inhibition zone formed by (tgsealer) at 1day (13.7mm) followed by (ZOGU) at 1day (13.0 mm),while the smallest inhibition zone formed after 7 days incubation times for two types (tgsealer 11.6 mm and ZOGU 11.5 mm ). Conclusion: There is active antimicrobial activity of ZOGU new root canal biosealer extended for all incubation periods against E. faecalis.


In this note, we present a novel channel for a brain gain. Students from a developing country study in a developed host country. A higher permanent migration probability of these students appears to be a brain drain for the developing country in the first place. However, it induces the host country to improve its education quality, as a larger share of the generated benefits accrue in this host country. A higher education quality raises in turn the human capital of the returning students. As long as the permanent migration probability is not too large, this positive effect causes both aggregate and per-capita human capital to increase in the developing country. Thus, a brain gain occurs.


Indirect-drive inertial confinement fusion (ICF) uses high-Z cavities, or hohlraums, to confine x rays for compressing and igniting deuterium-tritium fuel contained in spherical capsules. For laser-driven ICF, the intense laser beams enter the hohlraum through small laser entrance holes (LEHs), heating the high-Z hohlraum walls. The laser-produced radiation heats the unirradiated high-Z walls producing a nearly isotropic radiation environment for spherically compressing the lCF capsule. The radiation flux on the capsule is not completely isotropic, however, because the laser-irradiated area is generally brighter than the surrounding x-ray heated walls and the LEHs do not radiate. Furthermore, the angular distribution of flux on the capsule is time dependent because the unilluminated walls become hotter and more emissive as a function of time, and plasma dynamics cause the laser-irradiated area to move. Symmetric implosions are obtained by dynamically balancing the effects of the LEHs, wall heating, and laser-spot motion.


Inner-party election is a procedural action for the power's granting and receiving of inner-party through the voting,is the major pattern for forming the legitimacy of inner-party,and is the most basic and direct way to promote inner-party democracy.Under the dual background of the market economy and the world's democracy development,selecting the leaders through the inner-party election is the inevitable choice for strengthening the legitimacy's foundation of the ruling party of China.Promoting the inner-party democracy whose core is inner-party election,is helpful for realizing the effective inner-party's political integration,keeping the progressiveness of CPC,and effectively preventing and containing corruption.


This study examines the value of a college degree for artists, in addition to racial, sex, and ethnic differences. I use propensity score matching on data from the 2015–2019 American Community Survey to produce causal estimates of the effect of getting an arts degree and a non-arts bachelor's degree on income, and the probability of unemployment, self-employment, and working in an arts industry. The results illustrate that degrees positively affect artists' average incomes and, depending on the type of degree, the probability of working in an arts industry. The analyses also illustrate that degrees have differential effects on artists' employment outcomes based on race, sex, and ethnicity, though not always in the direction we would expect. The results illustrate the often-delicate balance between building a career as an artist and maintaining a livelihood and that individual differences with respect to career aspirations and personal circumstances moderate employment outcomes that are often attributed to common educational trajectories.


The supportive environments which sustain armed groups are arguably an understudied aspect of political violence; it is widely acknowledged that all armed groups necessitate a degree of popular support if they are to be successful but the relationship between armed movements and their supporters is often underdeveloped or considered self-explanatory. This project puts forth the argument that the relationship between armed groups and their supporters is of fundamental importance to how and where armed groups mobilise and the repertoire of contention they adopt. Making use of Malthaner's concept of "constituency" (2011a), the PKK's armed struggle from its foundation in the 1970s until 1999 will be analysed. The particular manner in which the PKK actively constructed and maintained extensive support networks across contrasting socio-spatial contexts ensured its ongoing legitimacy and the material resources necessary for its survival. Although a noted power disparity exists between armed and unarmed actors, the relationship between them is always characterised by degrees of reciprocal influence; influence that is often expressed in a variety of subtle and contextually specific fashions. The project will therefore examine the dialectic between the PKK and its communities of support and how this has evolved over time and space from rural Kurdistan to the urban centres of western Turkey, and consider how it has impacted on the nature of violence deployed by the PKK in the course of its insurgency.


The aim of this research is to explore how knowledge is shared from a participant's perspective within a collaborative project in university-industry collaborations in Australian IT-related faculties. A case study using the three parts of Nonaka's theory of knowledge creation was carried out. Semi-structured interviews, participant observation, and document analysis were conducted for data collection to study the ways in which researchers and industry representatives within these partnerships share information and knowledge. The findings showed that based on the continuum of tacit and explicit knowledge, there are five knowledge-sharing mechanisms including reactive, articulate, sequential, accumulate, and transfer in this socio-technical collaborative project. Researchers and industry representatives experience a variety of challenges during these mechanisms such as language failure, different work routines, different organisational cultures, and difficulty in tele-communication, mutual understanding, working hours and research aims. Also, further drivers for these mechanisms are identified, such as interest in research, mutual benefit and partner's needs.


This paper firstly analyzed the importance of the English of Science and Technology in the education of science majors in science and technology university.According to the characteristics of this course,this paper concluded the author's teaching method and experience.


Of the more than 6 million students with disabilities ages 6 through 21 receiving services under the Individuals With Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), 37.1% (more than 2 million) of students have specific learning disabilities. Given the large number of students with specific learning disabilities, it is likely that these students are attending music classes alongside their same-aged peers. This article provides general information about specific learning disabilities, as well as strategies teachers can use when including students with specific learning disabilities in their inclusive classrooms.


In this paper, we demonstrate the design and fabrication of an AlGaN/GaN High Electron Mobility Transistor (HEMT) as a bio sensing platform. Bio-compatible functionalization process with thioglycolic acid and antibody-antigen immobilization process with EDC-NHS chemistry is optimized, and the AlGaN/GaN HEMT biosensor is validated using recombinant C3G (RAPGEF1) protein and an indigenously developed mouse monoclonal antibody (clone 3F6mAb). The designed biosensor with its extended source-drain pads and inter-digital gate sensing design increases sensitivity of device to detect low concentration of biological samples. C3G protein is detected by antigen-antibody conjugation over extended functionalized sensing gate area which resulted in 36.2% change in drain current output and the corresponding antigen is detected up to 500 pg/ml. The biosensor shows a resolution in mA range, which is easily implementable by circuit due to low noise factor. It can therefore be adopted for use to detect antigens in very small biological samples, required in diagnostic assays of bio-medical applications.


Objectives The aim of this study was to measure serum undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC) and bone mineral density (BMD) in premenopausal patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and their correlation with each other and with disease activity. Background Osteocalcin is a molecule synthesized as a prepro-osteocalcin. After proteolytic cleavage and vitamin K-dependent carboxylation processes, it is released and circulates in the blood as carboxylated osteocalcin or ucOC. Participants and methods In total, 60 premenopausal patients with RA and 30 healthy premenopausal controls with matched age were included in this study. All patients and controls were subjected to demographic data, clinical examination, and laboratory investigations including serum level of ucOC, disease activity assessment by DAS-28 score, and BMD measurement in the lumbar spine L2–L4, hip, and distal radius by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry equipment. Results; The level of ucOC was significantly higher in patients of RA than controls (P < 0.001). BMD in patients was found to be significantly lower than in controls in spine, femoral neck, and distal radius areas. The most frequent osteoporotic site according to Z-score was the spine (16.7%) followed by the femoral neck (8.3%) and then the distal radius (6.7%). Moreover, the commonest osteopenic site according to Z-score of -1 or less was the spine (31.7%) followed by the femoral neck (21.7%) and then (16.7%) the distal radius. This work showed that ucOC level was found to be high in premenopausal patients with RA with higher DAS values than those with lower DAS value (P < 0.001). In this work, BMD measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan was found to be lower with higher DAS values, and vice versa. Conclusion Serum level of ucOC (which is a mirror of vitamin K deficiency) was found to be higher in premenopausal patients with RA than controls and correlated positively with disease activity and inversely with BMD measurement.


Group 9 Page 1 " The poor state of solid waste management in urban areas [of developing countries] is now not an environmental problem but also a major social handicap. " (Daskalopoulos et al. 1998).


The radial velocity and spectral variations are calculated for low-amplitude nonradial pulsations in slowly rotating stars (v sin i = 3 km s-1). Sectoral modes (l = -m) in the range l = 1-8 are considered. An empirical equation relating the pulsational amplitude to the "observed" stellar radial velocity amplitude is derived and this indicates that precise radial velocity techniques should be able to detect low-amplitude (<1 km s-1) pulsations for sectoral modes as high as l = 6. The spectral variations manifest themselves via changes in the span and curvature of the line bisector which are maximized for m = 4. These spectral variations can be used to distinguish between radial velocity variations due to pulsations from those due to the reflex motion of the star caused by the presence of a low-mass companion. However, these measurements require data taken at high resolution (lambda/delta-lambad > 100,000) and high signal-to-noise ratios (S/N > 500).


The synthesized novel non-formaldehyde fixation agent TF-234Y NONG is proved to be a green and environmental product through ecological analysis and discussion of application in dyeing. It improved all the colour fastnesses of the cotton fabric and cotton/nylon/spendex blended fabric dyed by medium and dark direct dyes. The colour fastness of fabric dyed with reactive dyes or acid dyes were also improved. Compared to fixation agent Y, the fabric fixed by TF-234Y NONG shows better fixation effect and merit of difficult change to yellow. Handle of the fabric was not affected and the fabric presented little colour change.


A rare syndrome characterized by the presence of thickened yellow nails, lymphedema, and respiratory abnormalities, including pleural effusion, bronchiectasis, chronic sinusitis, and persistent cough. Some cases are associated with mutations in the FOXC2 gene.


The G-SEED encourages the installation of new and renewable energy facilities through assessments of the new and renewable energy installation rates. The government also regulates the installation rate of new and renewable energy facilities in the `Project on new and renewable energy obligation in public installations`. The current criteria concerning the new and renewable energy facilities in the G-SEED are the result of an amendment made in July 2010. As over five years have passed since this amendment, the assessment criteria needs to be reenforced. To improve the current criteria, the calculation results of the installation rate of new and renewable energy facilities in the G-SEED were analyzed and compared to the corresponding calculation results of the `Project on new and renewable energy obligation in public installations`. And an improved draft for the assessment criteria of the new and renewable energy facilities in the G-SEED was proposed.


An accurate power output prediction of the photovoltaic system is pivotal to eliminate the extra cost and the negative impact in the utility grid integrated with photovoltaic power sources. The power output of a photovoltaic system is predicted by introducing a long short-term memory method. Moreover, the influence of noise data on prediction results is eliminated with the empirical mode decomposition. To further improve the accuracy and stability of the prediction method, the parameters of long short-term memory neural networks are determined with a sine cosine algorithm. The performances of the long short-term memory method in terms of root mean square error, mean absolute error, and coefficient of determination in January and August are analysed, respectively. Compared with other prediction schemes, the long short-term memory method provides superior accuracy for photovoltaic power output prediction.


Neurodegeneration is associated with defects in cytoskeletal dynamics and dysfunctions of the vesicular trafficking and sorting systems. In the last few decades, studies have demonstrated that the key regulators of cytoskeletal dynamics are proteins from the Rho family GTPases, meanwhile, the central hub for vesicle sorting and transport between target membranes is the Rab family of GTPases. In this regard, the role of Rho and Rab GTPases in the induction and maintenance of distinct functional and morphological neuronal domains (such as dendrites and axons) has been extensively studied. Several members belonging to these two families of proteins have been associated with many neurodegenerative disorders ranging from dementia to motor neuron degeneration. In this analysis, we attempt to present a brief review of the potential crosstalk between the Rab and Rho family members in neurodegenerative pathologies such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).


Diabetes is linked to altered NAD metabolism whose causal roles in cardiac dysfunction are poorly understood. Synthesis, consumption and redox balance of NAD dictate NAD metabolism and its homeostasis, and we here explored their roles in diabetic cardiomyopathy. 16 week of Type 1 diabetes (T1D) to C57BL6N mice was associated with lowered cardiac NAD/NADH, mild systolic and more severe diastolic dysfunction. We next used mouse models with altered NAD metabolism to determine how NAD redox balance impacts diabetic cardiomyopathy. Using cardiac-specific Ndufs4-KO mice (cKO) as a model of latent decrease in cardiac NAD/NADH, we observed accelerated systolic and diastolic dysfunction (lowered fractional shortening, E'/A' ratio, and increased e/E' ratio) in male cKO mice stressed with chronic T1D. Cardiac hypertrophy (heart weight/tibia length), insulin depletion and hyperglycemia levels were similar in these mice. Serum metabolomic analyses (~240 metabolites) also showed unchanged aqueous and lipid metabolite levels, suggesting that the diabetic stresses on these hearts were similar. The accelerated dysfunction of T1D cKO hearts was also observed in another female cohort. Importantly, elevation of cardiac NAD levels to attenuate NAD redox imbalance mitigated the accelerated dysfunction of T1D cKO hearts. In another cohort, control and cKO mice were stressed by 16-week high fat diet feeding. Accelerated systolic and diastolic dysfunction, and increased hypertrophy were observed in T2D cKO mice with similar glycemic levels to control mice. The data suggested that NAD redox imbalance is a positive regulator of cardiac dysfunction induced by T1D or T2D. However, NAD-dependent pathogenic mechanism induced by T1D or T2D (e.g. hypertrophy) can be different, and is under further investigation. Tissue fibrosis and mRNA levels of pro-fibrotic genes, including Adamts proteinases, integrins, laminins, matrix metalloproteinases and collagens were unchanged in T1D cKO hearts. Therefore, the accelerated dysfunction of T1D cKO hearts is due to cardiomyocyte dysfunction. We examined how NAD metabolism, other than the redox balance, may alter cardiomyocyte function. Levels of metabolite and mRNA regulating NAD synthesis and consumption pathways were measured. Of 32 transcripts assayed,
 Nmrk2
 levels were uniquely up-regulated in T1D cKO hearts, and lowered by elevation of cardiac NAD levels. NMRK product levels were concomitantly decreased in T1D cKO hearts. NAD-dependent global acetylation and inhibitory superoxide dismutase 2 acetylation were increased in T1D cKO hearts. Protein oxidation levels were concomitantly raised. Hyperacetylation in proteins like CaM kinase was associated with increased phosphorylation in troponin I, not in MyBPC or PLN in T1D cKO hearts. These data support the emerging, multifaceted roles of altered NAD metabolism in the progression of diabetic cardiomyopathy.


The promulgation and implementation of environmental policy is a multi-game process.China's environmental governance has entered a new stage which focuses on interests as the core of policy game.Through the motive analysis of river basin water pollution governance policy game,we found that the intense of interest conflict among government,the imperfect of basin functional area planning,the nature of quasi-public goods of basin resources,the inefficient of environment law and so on are the main reasons in water pollution governance.According to policy game model,this paper argues that the governance of river basin water pollution needs to build cooperative behavior,improve the functions of the central and local governments,strengthen the supervision of local governments,reduce the information asymmetry,improve public participation in environment protection area and improve the execution of environment laws.


Introduced roughly the Shanxi Datong University library new hall survey,analyzed and elaborated the new hall architectural design aspect merit and the existence insufficiency emphatically from several aspects,thus it has accumulated library design experience,and further improved the library design.


Abstract Brachistosternus Pocock 1893 is the most diverse genus of the scorpion family Bothriuridae. Only four species of the genus have been cytogenetically analyzed so far. We report herein the cytogenetic analysis of Brachistosternus alienus Lönnberg 1898 from Comallo (Río Negro province, Argentina). This species is widely distributed in the Monte phytogeographic province, located in central and northern Argentine Patagonia. Meiotic cells of B. alienus from Comallo show 23 homomorphic achiasmatic bivalents. The karyotype of this species contains scarce AT-rich regions that may be associated with the heterochromatin of centromeric regions. Giacomozzi (1977) reports n  =  14 for B. alienus from Chubut province. Unfortunately, it is not presently possible to determine if those specimens correspond to B. alienus or to a sympatric species, Brachistosternus angustimanus Ojanguren-Affilastro & Roig-Alsina 2001. These different chromosome numbers of the two populations analyzed may reflect the occurrence of a chromosomal polytypism in B. alienus, or they may characterize different species.


Abstract Many studies have been carried out on the measurements of luminescence yields as a function of the solute concentrations in aromatic solvents. Most of these have been done at moderate solute concentrations, between 0.1 and 20 g/l. The scope of this work was a study of the luminescence yield at low solute concentrations, down to 0.005 g/l. Only at these low concentrations is it possible to get information on other processes which might occur in the liquid scintillator solution system. Of particular interest is the measurement of the contribution to the luminescence yield of a possible radiative transfer process at low solute concentrations.


Author Corrects Statements About Pipe This is to bring to your attention two erroneous statements made in the article titled "Detecting Breaks in Prestressing Pipe Wire" by David L. Atherton et al (July 2000). The information on page 51 compares prestressed pipe to bar-wrapped concrete pressure pipe and states in bold letters that "Bar-wrapped pipe is suitable for lower-pressure applications/' Again, on page 52, the authors conclude, "The pipe is therefore more suitable for use in lower-pressure applications/' Please be informed that the above


Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate frequency of psychiatric disorders and severity of depression in obese women. Method: The sample was consisted of 55 obese women consecutively admitted to the endocrinology outpatient clinic, Body Mass Index (BMI) 30 and over and without chronic physical disease. Control group was formed of 55 women that same age group, BMI 25 and under and without chronic physical disease. Structured psychiatric interview (SCID-I) according to the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria were performed all individuals participating in the study. The severity of depression were assessed by the Hamilton Rating of Depression Scale (HAM-D17). Results: It was determined that mean age 41.07±10.00 years in obese group, 43.38± 7.38 years in control group. There was no difference between the two groups. BMI was higher in obese women than the control group (respectively 37.38±6.75, 22.26±1.91). The prevalence of psychiatric disorders was higher in the obese subjects than the control group (respectively 60% n=33, 9.1% n=5). Mood disorders and anxiety disorders were the most found diagnosed in obese group in present and lifetime. HAMD17 scores of obese subjects were significantly higher than the control group. Conclusion: In our study, women who seek treatment for obesity, the prevalence of psychiatric disorders are higher than normal-weight women. Our results support the existence of the relationship between obesity and psychopathology. Psychiatric evaluation is necessary obese women who seek treatment for obesity.


Survival of short-term exposure to high temperatures was determined for the eggs and first through fifth instars of oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta (Busck). LT50's and the temperatures and exposure times required for 100% mortality are reported. First instars were most susceptible and fifth instars were least susceptible to high temperatures. Less time was required to reduce survival of younger than older larvae at the same temperature. A 1.0°C increase in temperature resulted in shorter exposure times to reduce survival of any immature stage. Response of wild larvae was similar to that of laboratory-reared individuals. A heat treatment of 45.0°C for 55 min was sufficient to kill all immature stages. About 39 min was required for the interior of a nectarine to reach 45.0°C. Techniques to test insect response to high temperature and use of heat treatments for disinfestation of stone fruits are discussed.


In this study, Artemisia capillaris, which has been used in oriental medicine and folks remedy, was investigated to characterize the nutritional composition (protein, lipid, ash, fiber, amino acids, fatty acids, Na, K, P, Mg, Ca and Fe) and effective substance (scopoletin). Artemisia capillaris has often been cited in medical literature for its medicinal effects. The Korean Food and Drug Administration allowed Artemisia capillaris as a food stuff and indicated as In-Jin-Sook. From the view point of the subjects who eat In-Jin-Sook products, most of them ingested it for a certain pharmacological efficacy rather than as a beverage or a food. Therefore, we need to develop functional foods using In-Jin-Sook. Artemisia capillaris was superior in protein, crude fiber, amino acid and fatty acid compositions to wild greens according to Korean Nutritional Composition Table. Also scopoletin, known for blood vessel relaxation and hypotensive effect, was detected at the level of 326.13 ug/g. These results demonstrated that Artemisia capillaris has both pharmaceutical effects and balanced nutritional contents. Artemisia capillaris has sufficient values to use as a food stuff for functional foods.


Objective To explore the neural apoptosis in frontal lobe of vascular dementia rats induced by chronic cerebral ischemia.Methods Totally 20 rats were divided into model group and sham group,which underwent permanent bilateral common carotid arteries(CCA)occlusion to build vascular dementia model,while the sham group underwent sham operation without carotid artery ligation.The learning memory ability of the rats was evaluated with passive avoidance test.The expression of Bcl-2 protein and neural apoptosis in frontal lobe were determined by immunohistochemistry and TUNEL method.Results The learning memory ability of rats declined at 1 and 3 weeks after operation in model group.The latent period lasted(232±13)s vs(220±14)s respectively,while sham group was(300±0)s(P0.01).The expression of Bcl-2 protein and neural apoptosis in frontal lobe(28.5±2.1 and 65.2±9.7,respectively)were higher in model group than sham group,which was 2.6±1.0 and 4.3±1.4 respectively(P0.01).Conclusion The neural apoptosis in frontal lobe may participated in the occurrence of dementia after chronic cerebral ischemia.


Although the disposition of propranolol has been extensively studied (Routledge & Shand, 1979), there is little infonnation concerning the kinetics of the drug in patients with myocardial infarction, despite the long-time interest in using the drug in this setting. Plasma propranolol concentrations have been estimated in two studies of patients recently admitted to hospital (Rutherford, Singh, Ambler & Norris, 1976; Norris, Sammel, Clarke, Smith & Williams, 1978) and show the wide variation known to occur in normal individuals. Unfortunately, these studies have confined themselves to measurement of total plasma concentration without regard to possible alterations in plasma drug binding. This is important as the f,-adrenoceptor blocking effects of propranolol correlate well with free (unbound) rather than total plasma concentration (McDevitt, Frisk-Holmberg, Hollifield & Shand, 1976). Furthermore, there is reason to believe that plasma propranolol binding may be altered in infarction, because one of its major binding proteins, a acid glycoprotein (AAG) (Piafsky, Borga, Odar-Cederlof, Johansson & Sjoqvist, 1978) rises above the normal range in patients with infarction (Johansson, Kindmark, Trell & Wollheim, 1972; Bachmann, Weiss & Rapp, 1968). These studies were performed on six normal subjects and six patients admitted to the coronary care unit who did not receive heparin, as this reduces propranolol binding (Wood, Shand & Wood, 1979). Two consecutive plasma samples were obtained for AAG analysis and drug binding studies and the changes in each compared. In the normal individuals collection of the samples was separated by an interval of at least 8 weeks and in the patients by at least 36 h. Plasma drug binding was measured by equilibrium dialysis as previously described (Wood et al., 1979) after addition of trace amounts of 3H drug (2 ng/ml of propranolol, native drug was added to achieve a plasma concentration of 88 ng/ml). The degree of binding was measured as the molar ratio of bound to unbound drug, (B/F), since this is proportional to the concentration of binding protein when the free drug concentration is small compared with the dissociation constant for the drug-protein complex (Sager, Nilsen & Jacobsen, 1979). The relationship between the change in the binding ratio of propranolol and the change in AAG concentration is shown in Figure 1. Spearman's coefficient of rank correlation (p) was 0.867 (P < 0.01) suggesting a direct relationship between drug binding changes and AAG concentration changes, and is consistent with the very high correlation between plasma AAG and propranolol B/F in our experience of normal subjects (r=0.956, n= 24). 6


A numerical technique which couples discrete element method with boundary element method has been developed to simulate a two dimensional particulate assembly. Soil particles in the near field where strains are large are simulated as disks using the discrete element method. In the far field and extending to infinity, the soil is considered as a linear elastic continuum and simulated by the boundary element method. The paper describes the numerical techniques and demonstrates results of simulated penetration tests in the assembly. Penetration mechanisms from micromechanical point of view are evaluated.


The paper is devoted to the concept of deterrence. After a brief review of the conceptual framework of the so–called paradox of deterrence, it focuses on the two concepts of 'integrity in deliberation' and 'emotional assets' in order to show that they are intrinsic part of the description of an agent as rational and thus not in contradiction with the intention to retaliate.


Rapid, pitting corrosion was found to occur in both X 20 Cr13 steel turbine blades and X 10 Cr-NiTi 18 9 steel thin walled heat exchanger tubes, when these were exposed to water vapour and water respectively containing Cl--ions. In both cases this led to the complete failure of the component. With the aid of macro- and microscopic investigations, a direct relationship was established between the presence of irregularly distributed agglomerations of non-metallic inclusions in the microstructure and the formation of pitting. The agglomerations of inclusions on the working surfaces of the components form points of initiation for pitting corrosion and, as regions of very low resistance to corrosion, additionally accelerate the growth of the areas of pitting.


The purpose of this study is to investigate Microplastic pollution (MPs) in important ports of the northern coast of the Persian Gulf. MPs were identified on the northern shores of the Persian Gulf in three compartments: sediment, seawater, and four species of fish. In December 2019, sampling was conducted in 7 sampling areas. In this study, 357 MPs were identified in all samples. The predominant polymer in MPs was polypropylene (PP) and later polyethylene (PE). The most polluted areas in terms of MPs in sediments, seawater, and fish were Bushehr, Bandar Abbas, and Qeshm. The fiber was the predominant form of MPs in all sampling stations and those samples taken from the surface seawater, sediments, and fish. The presence of fishing ports with fishing tools, commercial ports, the tourist attractions, and the tourist industry in these areas was an important factor controlling the distribution of MPs in these areas.