Hyperprolactinemia after taking Levosulpiride and its Causality Assessment: An Adverse Event Reported by a Community Pharmacy Heeyoung Lee, Yu Jin Jo, Joong Sik Yoon, and Eunhee Ji College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea Nowon Daeho Pharmacy, Nowon Pharmaceutical Association, Seoul 01694, Republic of Korea Center for Drug and Food Safety, Incheon Pharmaceutical Association, Incheon 22218, Republic of Korea (Received April 18, 2018 · Revised May 25, 2018 · Accepted May 26, 2018)


While almost all commentators take notice of Job's descriptions of physical suffering, the ways Job uses his body to rhetorical effect have not been fully recognized. This article considers the impact of the legal metaphor on Job's use of body imagery (Job 9:20, 30-31; 16:8; 19:20-23; and 19:25-27) and maintains that Job's speeches draw on the ancient world's understanding of the body to question and invert traditional usage of body imagery, particularly the stock of body images from the Psalms that present the body, the self, and the voice as a manifold unity. Job overturns traditional images of the disintegrated body known from the biblical laments in order to distance his body's appearance of guilt from his testimony of innocence. In contrast to the psalmists, who petition God to restore them to health, Job uses images of disembodiment and bodily disintegration to separate his broken body from his contention that he is innocent. In this way, Job uses imagery of the body to form a counternarrative that testifies to his innocence.


Modern vehicles are enhanced with increased computation, communication and sensing capabilities, providing a variety of new features that pave the way for the deployment of more sophisticated services. Specifically, smart cars employ hundreds of sensors and electronic systems in order to obtain situational and environmental information. This rapid growth of on-vehicle multi-sensor inputs along with off-vehicle data streams introduce the smart car era. Thus, systematic techniques for combining information provided by on- and off-vehicle car connectivity are of remarkable importance for the availability and robustness of the overall system. This paper presents a new method to employ service oriented agents that cohesively align on- and off-vehicle information in order to estimate the current status of the car. In particular, this work combines, integrates, and evaluates multiple information sources targeting future smart cars. Specifically, the proposed methodology leverages weather-based, on-route, and on-vehicle information. As a use case, the presented work informs the driver about the recommended speed that the car should adapt to, based on the current status of the car. It also validates the proposed speed with real-time vehicular measurements.


This summer Judge William Little of the Ontario Family Court tried two cases of juveniles charged under the Tobacco Restraints Act, which forbids sales to or use of tobacco by minors. These cases, in which tobacco was treated as a "dangerous drug" by the court, are unique in Ontario judicial history. The Journal asked Judge Little to describe his concern with these and other juvenile cases, and to discuss his court's approach to the social and legal aspects of drug abuse.


Many X-ray departments must of recent years have felt the need for a quick changing cassette apparatus for angiocardiography. Where funds permit, the purchase of a commercial product has sometimes appeared the most satisfactory course. However, many radiological departments have been faced with the necessity of making their own machine or having none at all. A home-made machine is bound to be a compromise between the ideal and what is dictated by the constructional facilities available. The cassette changer described below was designed to handle eight 15 × 12 in. cassettes at a rate up to two per second. It has since become clear that a machine of this design could change up to a dozen, or if light-weight cassettes were used the number could be still further increased. It was decided to use 15 × 12 in. cassettes, as it was intended to examine the adult chest and abdomen as well as children with congenital heart disease, and the use of standard cassettes has, in conjunction with a fixed grid, given good ra...


The results of research of new heterocyclic substance under the laboratory code RGPU-213 are submitted in the article. It is established, that the preparation has expressed the common antihypoxic activity and raises stability of heart to an ischemia.


Summary The von Willebrand factor (vWF) genes of nine unrelated, severe, type III von Willebrand's disease (vWD) patients (six of Dutch origin) and four unrelated Dutch type I vWD patients were screened for mutations in exons that contain CGA codons (Arg), which are liable to mutation to TGA stop codons. The nine exons of the vWF gene (3, 8, 9, 10, 28, 31, 32, 43 and 45) that contain all the CGA codons (11 in total) of the vWF cDNA were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction and screened for mutations by single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis, restriction enzyme – and/or nucleotide sequence analysis. Three of the severe vWD patients were found to be heterozygous for a nonsense mutation: CGA Arg 2535 → TGA Stop. Three other severe vWD patients were homozygous for a single nucleotide substitution, AAC Asn 2546 → TAC Tyr. The transcription of these mutated alleles was tested by cDNA dependent amplification of platelet RNA. The level of transcription product was strongly reduced for either mutant allele.


The martial arts school education had a tremendous impact on Sports and cultural impact of globalization on contemporary.Western sports items affected the development of the martial arts education in schools,Cultural identity crisis has seriously affected the student's Selection of martial arts.Standing he height of fine national traditional culture and the revival of the national sports culture.It is an important way to solution the crisis cultural identity with the new location the Martial arts education.


The study aims to analyze the phenomenon of cancel culture and the references that can be drawn between the subsumed manifestations of cancel culture and futurism, as defined at the beginning of the twentieth century by the Italian poet Filippo Tommaso Marinetti. By reviewing the changes that the artistic avant-garde brings to the arts and observing how the twentieth century highlights art as a statement and the subjectivity of the artist as a unique landmark, the paper identifies a tendency of political and social actions to be inspired, although not assumed, by a poetic area, by a high and permissive invisible that justifies, beyond ideology, social behaviors. Beyond the stakes of historical reparation and prevention of discrimination, which the cancel culture proposes, we will try to identify a possible cause of the poetic anchoring of the phenomenon, as well as the risks associated with this inverted mimesis: a reality which imitates art in order to preserve the vitality and the expressiveness of its actions.


The article focuses on the issue of conceptual metaphors in the English-language political discourse. The authors view the research novelty in considering nicknames of politicians as language representations of certain conceptual models. The research purpose is to analyze the nicknames of politicians and to identify basic conceptual metaphors of political discourse respectively. The primary method of the study is conceptual-taxonomic analysis. The materials of the study include online political articles and political blogs. The main research results present conceptual metaphor classification made on the basis of conceptual-taxonomic analysis of politicians' nicknames. Two main cognitive nominations underlying politicians' nicknames are distinguished which are a living being and a non-living entity. The authors have categorized these basic models further and obtained the following conceptual metaphors: POLITICIAN IS A PARENT, POLITICIAN IS A ROYALTY, POLITICIAN IS A SCENIC CHARACTER, POLITICIAN IS AN ANIMAL, POLITICIAN IS A PART OF HUMAN BODY which stand for "a living being" foundation; POLITICIAN IS A PHYSICAL OBJECT and POLITICIAN IS A PLANT represent metaphors with "a non-living entity" cognitive foundation. Each of the models is accompanied with the respective examples from the political texts. The results of the research are addressed to linguists, sociologists and PR-managers who view political discourse as the object of their study.


Turbomachine comprising a rotary member. The rotating member includes an end portion. The end portion defines an outer surface (156). The turbomachine also includes a fixed portion which extends at least partially around the rotary member so that the fixed portion and the rotary member at least partially define between them a cavity for the rotor shaft. The end portion of the rotary member extends through at least a portion of the cavity for the rotor shaft. The turbomachine further comprises at least one sealing assembly (130) comprising a sealing member (154) formed across the end portion of the rotary member. The seal defines a plurality of grooves member (158) extending partially around the periphery of part of the outer surface of the end portion of the rotary member.


An improved synthesis is given for 4′-hydroxydiclofenac (VIII) which is needed for the investigation of the environmental and ecotoxicological effects of diclofenac.


Woman, as a subject for admiration, representation and decoration, assumed a prominent position in the art of the fin-de-siecle period; an art which takes on a decidedly feminine character. Strangely enough, it is the woman who is featured, almost to the total exclusion of the male. Men are cast in roles subordinate to women or to delicate youths, who are all seemingly removed from the pressures of everyday reality.


We investigated the impact of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection, an important asthma precipitant, on endothelin receptor function and release in sheep bronchial explants. RSV infection was confirmed using polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. Since sheep airway smooth muscle contains only endothelin-A receptors, sarafotoxin (Stx) S6c did not cause airway contraction. In contrast, sarafotoxin S6c (300 nM) caused contraction in RSV-infected bronchial explants (8 ± 3% carbachol Emax). However, we could not detect airway smooth muscle endothelin-B receptors in explants using autoradiography. RSV infection per se did not alter the release of immunoreactive endothelin from sheep bronchial explants (control = 11.6 ± 0.9 pg versus RSV = 12.1 ± 0.9 pg). Interestingly, dexamethasone (1 μM) alone increased endothelin release in both control (17.9 ± 2.0 pg) and RSV-infected tissue (18.3 ± 3.1 pg). The combined presence of protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) ligand (100 μM) and dexamethasone (1 μM) also increased endothelin release from control tissue (17.3 ± 1.4 pg), but endothelin release was suppressed by PAR-2 ligand in RSV-infected tissue (10.3 ± 0.8 pg), probably because PAR-2 expression was increased by RSV. In summary, the novel expression of endothelin-B receptors triggered by RSV might be relevant to RSV-associated asthma. Furthermore, activation of airway PAR-2 may be protective in asthma where endothelin levels are elevated in part via endothelin release suppression.


Understanding users becomes increasingly complicated when we grapple with various overlapping attributes of an individual's identity. In this paper we introduce intersectionality as a framework for engaging with the complexity of users' "and authors" "identities", and situating these identities in relation to their contextual surroundings. We conducted a meta-review of identity representation in the CHI proceedings, collecting a corpus of 140 manuscripts on gender, ethnicity, race, class, and sexuality published between 1982-2016. Drawing on this corpus, we analyze how identity is constructed and represented in CHI research to examine intersectionality in a human-computer interaction (HCI) context. We find that previous identity-focused research tends to analyze one facet of identity at a time. Further, research on ethnicity and race lags behind research on gender and socio-economic class. We conclude this paper with recommendations for incorporating intersectionality in HCI research broadly, encouraging clear reporting of context and demographic information, inclusion of author disclosures, and deeper engagement with identity complexities.


It has been well recognized that weather variations significantly impact cycling experiences of users. However, the weather-cycling dynamic relationship over time is not well studied in the literature. In this paper, in order to bridge this gap, we propose a Dynamic Model Averaging and Dynamic Model Selection (DMA and DMS) to reveal the characteristics of time-varying responses and the associated influencing factors for young people's shared bike trips. Without loss of generality, dynamic models with unknown observational variances are also proposed. We take New York City as an instance and analyze the drifts of patterns of New York CitiBike trips under six weather factors from various aspects. The results suggest that the bike trips' responses to some weather factors fluctuate dynamically while others maintain at a relatively stable level. It is concluded that a few main influencing factors are adequate to represent the travel patterns. It is observed that dynamic models, with the strength of alleviating multicollinearity, present better forecast performance than classic models. This work can facilitate the decision makers and managers to oversee and optimise travel experience of users in real time.


Aims Log is an important component for most of forest ecosystems. It plays crucial roles in maintaining soil fertility, sustaining biodiversity and cycling of carbon (C) and nutrient. However, physico-chemical properties of logs vary with decay classes and diameter classes. Our objective was to study effects of decay classes and diameter classes on physico-chemical properties of logs in a typical mixed broadleaved-Korean pine forest in northern China. study, diameter class. The cellulose content decreased with an increasing decay class. In contrast to the cellulose, the lignin content increased with an increased decay class. However, cellulose and lignin contents exhibited no dis-tinct trend among diameter classes. The moisture content of logs had a significant positive correlation with C, N, P concentrations and lignin content (except P concentrations of the heartwood), but had a significant negative correlation with the cellulose content ( p < 0.05). The wood density was negatively correlated with C, N, P concentrations and the lignin content, but it was positively correlated with the cellulose content ( p < 0.05). Therefore, physico-chemical properties of logs had unique patterns along both decay classes and diameter classes, and the physical properties of logs (the moisture content and wood density) were important factor affecting the variations of their chemical contents.


The article reveals the problem of implementing online courses in an educational portal. The stages of development of remote online courses for implementation in the educational portal are considered.


A three‐terminal version of a light emitting device, a bias induced color‐tunable emitter (BICE), is reported. The three‐terminal BICE is a multiwavelength semiconductor light emitter in which the emission wavelength is determined by an applied voltage, while the emission intensity is modulated by an applied current (no optical pumping employed). Device operation is based on the bias dependent injection and collection of electrons and holes in quantum wells. In this letter, three‐terminal dual wavelength BICE functionality is demonstrated. The device exhibits coaxial optical output, a large separation of emitted wavelengths (≊570 A), low operational voltages and currents, and high emission contrast ratios of 159:1 and 1:76 at 77 K.


Walker orthoses are one of the most popular substitutes to regular cast. They are used by people who have experienced acute trauma to the ankle complex. This review aimed to summarize and update information on the currently published research explicitly related to the application of ankle-foot orthoses and to help improve the understanding of how orthoses influence gait pattern, in particular the kinematics, kinetics, and muscle activity parameters. A review of papers published from 1999 to 2019 was conducted. The databases searched included PubMed Central, PubMed, ScienceDirect and EBSCO, a total of 546 articles were found. The review is based on 11 articles that were selected for further analysis. Kinematics parameters were described in 8 papers, kinetics parameters in 6 papers, the effect of a Walker orthosis on muscle activity in 2 papers, and the effects of a Walker boot on energy cost, pain and balance were discussed in 3 papers. A Walker orthosis significantly reduces ankle joint motion and significantly reduces lower leg muscle activity. On the other hand, it may cause secondary site pain due to leg length differences and increase in energy expenditure. A Walker orthosis is a useful tool replacing total contact casts and allowing earlier weight bearing and rehabilitation. It is important to use it for the shortest possible period of time and to always use compensation of leg length discrepancy.


Abstract In 1994, in a thought-provoking paper focusing on the developments emerging in the renewed standard variety of Italian, Monica Berretta formulated a few previsions concerning the future admittance into the norm of a number of traits, in her own words, "features, or better, clusters of features that, in today's Italian, appear more likely to succeed in establishing themselves in the ongoing process of language change, since they are both co-occurrent and typologically coherent [my translation]". Those features included the incipient emergence of three negative constructions: i) a construction involving the negative operator mica (< Latin 'crumb'), either in post-verbal position without a pre-verbal negative marker (e.g. Sono mica scemo 'I am not a fool') or ii) in pre-verbal position (e.g. Mica sono scemo 'I am not a fool') and iii) a sentential negation entailing the cleft construction non è che ('it is not that') + S (e.g. Questo intervento non è che c'entri molto con il programma del congresso… 'It is not that this proposal is particularly relevant to the conference's theme…'), which Berretta considered to be favoured in prognostic terms. In this paper, the occurrences of negative constructions within the KIParla corpus will be compared with the corresponding occurrences in a thirty-hour corpus extracted from the Teche Rai data base [www.teche.rai.it], dating back to the 60s, 70s and 80s of the twentieth century. It will be argued that the cleft construction non è che + S has hitherto prevailed at the expense of the others (involving the use of the negative operator mica), that have specialised to express a few distinctive pragmatic and discursive functions.


1. This document is HS979, one of a series of the Department of Horticultural Sciences, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date: July 2004. Please visit the EDIS Web site at http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu. 2. Elio Jovicich, graduate student, Daniel J. Cantliffe, professor and chair, Steven A. Sargent, professor, Horticultural Sciences Department, Lance S. Osborne, Entomology and Nematology Department, Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611.


The utility model discloses an energy-saving elevator system. The energy-saving elevator system comprises a control loop unit, an operating unit, a master control central processing unit (CPU), a layer station and a contactor POW, wherein the output control end of the CPU is connected with a control coil of the contactor POW; one end of a first normally open contact of the contactor POW is connected with a power supply; the other end of the first normally open contact of the contactor POW is respectively connected into each input power supply of the control loop unit, the operating unit and the layer station; the other side of the master control CPU is connected with an elevator activation loop; and the operating unit and the layer station are connected with the master control CPU through the elevator activation loop to form a loop. In the energy-saving elevator system, when an elevator is in a standby time period or in an outage state for a long time, only the power supplies of the master control CPU, the elevator power supply control contactor POW and the elevator activation loop are remained, and the power supplies of other electric parts are cut off; when the elevator is in an energy-saving standby module, the electric power consumed by the master CPU and the like is very low; and when the elevator is called by a button or is in a special operation mode, the elevator can be activated and switched into the operation mode by the elevator activation loop.


Light industry female workers suffering from bronchial asthma demonstrated significant pulmonary ventilation disorders of mixed type with prevalent bronchial obstruction. Those changes prove long-standing harm caused by occupational factors. Inhalation provocative tests point out leading role of industrial dust in increased bronchial reactivity.


A rising interest in the commercial benefits of locally and regionally connoted food culture for rural development is notable in Sweden. Local and regional food culture is used as a tool both to en ...


Magnetic torquers are frequently adopted as actuators for attitude control of small satellites in low Earth orbit. Such actuators generate a magnetic dipole which, in turn, lead to control torques thanks to the interaction with the magnetic field of the Earth. The main difficulty in the design of attitude control laws based on magnetic torquers is that the torques they generate are instantaneously constrained to lie in the plane orthogonal to the local direction of the geomagnetic field vector, which varies according the current orbital position of the spacecraft. This implies that the attitude regulation problem is formulated over a time-varying model. In this paper the problem of robust design of control laws for magnetically actuated spacecraft is considered and two approaches are proposed and compared; the former is based on linear time-periodic models while the latter relies on linear parameter-varying models. The results obtained by applying both approaches to the problem are presented and discussed.


In recent years, with the rising of living standand and the change of diet structure of people, the intake of dietary fiber is re duced, which increases the risk for human health. At present, dietary fiber has been labelled the seven nutrients that could improve hu man nutrition and regulate the function of body[1].


This paper proposes a new downlink MIMO multicarrier CDMA system that combines spatial multiplexing and space-time coding in order to simultaneously exploit higher spectral efficiencies and diversity gains. The system design of three other more conventional MIMO MC-CDMA receivers, based on minimum mean square error (MMSE) and multiuser detection (MUD) is also presented. All the structures are compared in terms of complexity and BER performance over frequency selective multipath Rayleigh fading channels considering both perfect and imperfect channel knowledge at the receiver. It is shown that the proposed multistage serial interference cancellation (MSIC) method significantly outperforms the other structures and is very robust to channel estimation error, while being at a relatively low complexity level.


The d t y of evolurion requires some concept of 'sameness'. That which evolru changes its scuc to some degrec, however minun or grand, although parts tcmrin 'rhc same'. Yet homology, our word for wmmess. while universal in the sense of being n d y true. can only ever k pard witb rrspcct to feanues rbar change. Dclmnuung what is quivalmt to what among taxa, and from wbar romahing has evolved. rumin rtnl problans, but the word homology is not helpful in there problematic contexts. Hmnig saw this dearly when he coined new tams vi& technical manings for phylogencric srudies. Analysis in phylogenetic systematics remains coilunuous and rdauvdy subjective, espewUy as new information accumulates or as one changes one's mind about characrers. This pzapric decision making sbould not bc cplled homolorn assessment. Homoiogy as a concept OPriCipnted cvolurion. Homology &tu to precvolurionaq times and qrrsents late 18th and d y 19th cmruq idcdism. Our attempts to recycle words in scicncc leads to difiidv, and we should d e w giving p& modem dcdnidons to terms that originally arose in mur& di&scnr contern. Rntber rhan con&uc to refine our homology concept we should focus on issues rbat have high relmmcc to modern c v o l u t i o ~ biology, in pYri& homopl.sp--d&vd similuiq-whosc biological bass require elua&uon. 1999Homolog~. W i b , Cbicbester (Nwarris Fowrdottm .+pasanm 222)p 2446 . . Why are we aill taking about homology? I a 4 gmt that someone might k able to generate an original thought concaning homology, but I doubt it. When H?11(1994) appeurd, I thought we were at the end of the line. Homoloa is important. Indeed, I argued that the g e n d concept of 'saxnentss' was fundamend to the entire modem science of biology, which relies so heavily on model organisms (Wake 1994). Now we b o w about homology; we undersond its imporrance as a general, even baseline, concept. Isn't it dme to move on? 'Due to illas, David B. Wake vas unable to atand the sympcium, and Adam Wilkius prrsented this chipcerin his sad.


Between November 1974 and November 1975 the absolute intensity of H beta decreased by a factor of 1.8, while the strength of the forbidden line 4959 A of O III remained constant. The change was accompanied by a change in the nongalaxy component of the continuum light by a comparable factor. The evidence suggests that H alpha also changed by a similar amount. Over a twelve-year interval, the nongalaxy visual continuum changed by a substantially larger amount than H beta, suggesting that relative changes of the UV ionizing radiation and visual nongalaxy radiation are not proportional to each other on this time scale.


This paper presents RF microsystems constituted by low-power devices for use in wireless sensors networks. As it is expected, the major emphasis is given to the fabrication of RF transceivers for integration in these microsystems. Features like low-power and low-voltage operations are discussed, at the same time are presented RF transceivers for the frequencies of 433 MHz, 2.4 GHz and 5.7 GHz, in order to comply with mandatory issues of WSN, e.g., working independently from a human operation, management and maintenance. Another reason for this, is the suitableness of these wireless microsystems to use thermoelectric energy scavenging systems.


The article is a brief message by the Financieele Dagblad ('Dutch financial times') signaling the publication of the Capgemini report on Economic Value Management.


Productivity is a major factor for operational management. Applying the productivity tools such as TQM and TPM besides knowing the productivity value can be two significant approaches that help organizer and policy maker to make strategies for future. This study has tendency to investigate how the TQM and TPM influence the productivity through the managerial components, efficiency and effectiveness. Reducing the price, improving the quality, increasing customer and job satisfaction, promoting the profit and the growth of organization, enhancing outcome and output that leads to raise the efficiency and effectiveness can be considered the results of implementation of TQM and TPM. The ways as to how the other productivity tools impact on efficiency and effectiveness can be probed in future studies.


Silicon carbide fibre/silicon nitride matrix composites have been fabricated using the reaction bonded silicon nitride (RBSN) and sintered reaction bonded silicon nitride (SRBSN) processing routes. A filament winding and tape casting system was developed to produce sheets of parallel aligned fibres within a layer of green matrix ('prepreg') which were cut, stacked and hot pressed to form a plate. This was nitrided and (in the case of SRBSN matrix composites) hot pressed at 1700°C to density the matrix.

The magnesia (MgO) and the yttria/alumina (Y2O3/AI2O3) additive SRBSN systems were investigated as matrices for ease of processing and compatibility with the matrix. The MgO additive Si3N4 matrix reacted with the outer carbon rich layer on the surface of the fibres, framing a reaction layer approx. 2pm in thickness. A reaction layer was also observed with the Y2O3/AI2O3 additive matrix, but was thinner (<0.5um), and was identified as silicon carbide from the electron diffraction pattern. X-ray mapping in the SEM was used to investigate the spatial distribution of elements within the interface region to a resolution <lum, including light elements such as carbon. The 6wt%Y203/ 2wt%Al203 additive SRBSN system was chosen for more detailed investigation, and the majority of characterisation was performed using this composition.
Oxidation of composite samples was carried out at temperatures between 1000°C and 1400°C for up to 1000 hours. Little damage was visible after 100 hours for all temperatures, corresponding to a relatively small drop in post oxidation bend strength. After 1000 hours at 1000°C both carbon rich outer layers and the central carbon core of the fibre were removed. Samples were severely oxidised after 1000 hours at 1400°C, having a glass layer on the outer surface and replacement of near surface fibre/matrix interfaces with glass. The post oxidation bend strengths for both conditions were approx.2/3 of the as fabricated strength. Less damage was observed after 1000 hours at 1200°C, and the post oxidation bend strength was higher than the 1000°C and 1400°C samples.

Mechanical properties of the SRBSN matrix composite were investigated at room temperature and elevated temperatures (up to 1400°C). The average room temperature values for matrix cracking stress and ultimate strength (in bend) were 651.1 and 713.2 MPa respectively, with corresponding Weibull moduli of 5.7 and 8.7. The stresses are comparable to similar monolithic silicon nitrides. Room temperature tensile matrix cracking and ultimate strength were 232MPa and 413MPa, lower than the bend test results, which were attributed to bending stresses in the sample, lowering the apparent failure stresses. The samples failed in a composite like manner (i.e. controlled rather than catastrophic failure), with a substantially higher woric of fracture than monolithic materials.
The average matrix cracking and ultimate bend strength at 1200°C were 516MPa and 554MPa, dropping to 178MPa and 486MPa at 1400°C (the matrix cracking stress was indistinct at 1400°C due to plasticity).

The creep and stress rupture properties at 1300°C were investigated in four point bend, using dead-weight loading. The creep rate was KH/s at a stress of 200MPa, lower than a hot pressed silicon nitride with MgO additive, and higher than a hot isostatically pressed Y2O2/SIO2 additive silicon nitride. A cavitation creep mechanism was deduced from the stress exponent, which was >1. Failure by stress rupture did not have a lower limit, which is also associated with cavitation of the amorphous grain boundary phase.


Because of big SVG document storing spatial data in WebGis, the searching by attribute is low efficiency and need the high quality hardware in the client. In order to solve the two problems, by making use of the rules mapping DTD of SVG document to relation schema extended for being fitted for SVG document, we complete storing SVG document in object-relational database. Finally, we realized management of the spatial data by tag document to by objected relational database and achieved the expected results.


Standard enthalpies of formation (ΔfH°298), standard entropies (S°(T)), and heat capacities (Cp(T)) are calculated for dimethyl and ethyl methyl fluorinated ethers, both the parent and related radical species. The parent and radical species are utilized to determine carbon–hydrogen, carbon–fluorine, carbon–carbon, and carbon–oxygen bond dissociation energies (C–H, C–F, C–C, and C–O BDEs). The ΔfH°298 and BDEs are calculated using a variety of error-canceling isogyric and/or isodesmic reactions at the MN15/cc-pVTZ, CBS-QB3, and CBS-APNO levels of theory. ΔfH°298 calculations from the MN15 functional for these ether species are shown to have consistency with the CBS-QB3 and CBS-APNO composite methods with our recommended ideal gas phase ΔfH°298 values from the average of these two composite methods. C–F BDE values are shown to range overall between 111 and 128 kcal mol–1, the C–H BDEs are in the 93–106 kcal mol–1 range, the C–O BDEs are in the 83–107 kcal mol–1 range, and the C–C BDEs are in the 88–101 kcal...


Selecting a building layout is a fundamental task in the early stage of the architectural design process. High thermal mass buildings with well-insulated envelopes are a common solution for colder climates; however, thinner wall construction and lower mass in most tropical architecture means that a well-designed building layout with good consideration of contextual factors is essential to enhance passive cooling and to decrease heat gain by solar radiation. Building layout factors of perimeter and wall surface area are pivotal in long-term energy utilization. This simulation-based research employs Sketchup, Openstudio, and SPSS to investigate the effect of surface solar radiation on indoor air temperature and sensible cooling energy of 17 geometries with and without a self-shading feature under the identical space volume, floor area, and climatic conditions of Bangkok. The simulation conducted in two phases (with and without an active cooling system) revealed that the lower the F/W ratio is, the lower the DBTindoor-annual and operational cost of the A/C system. The circular plan with the highest F/W ratio (0.47) has the lowest annual wall solar heat gain and DBTindoor-annual (29.43°C), and saves approximately 10% of air cooling energy demand compared to the square design (F/W=0.42). The layouts with S/W ratio less than 2.4 are less effective in lowering the DBTindoor-annual and active cooling energy demand than those with S/W greater than 2.4. It is concluded that the self-shading designs (S/W<2.4) may face challenges due to greater wall surface area and receiving more diffuse solar radiation.


Tat'iana Vasil'evna Andreeva, Tainye obshchestva v Rossii v pervoi treti XIX v.: Pravitel'stvennaia politika i obshchestvennoe mnenie (Secret Societies in Russia in the First Third of the 19th Century: Government Policy and Public Opinion). 911 pp. St. Petersburg: Liki Rossii, 2009. ISBN-13 978-5874173258. Ol'ga Valerianovna Edel'man, Sledstvie po delu dekabristov (Investigating the Case of the Decembrists). 354 pp. Moscow: Modest Kolerov, 2010. ISBN-13 978-5918870013. Ol'ga Valerianovna Edel'man and Sergei Vladimirovich Mironenko, eds., Vosstanie dekabristov: Dokumenty (The Decembrist Uprising: Documents), vol. 21. 559 pp. Moscow: ROSSVEN, 2008. ISBN-13 978-58244310337. Oksana Ivanovna Kiianskaia, Ocherki iz istorii obshchestvennogo dvizheniia v Rossii vpravlenie Aleksandra I (Essays on the History of the Social Movement in Russia under Alexander I). 301 pp. St. Petersburg: Nestor-Istoriia, 2008. ISBN-13 978-5981873232. Oksana Ivanovna Kiianskaia, ed., Dekabristy: Aktual'nye problemy i novye podkhody (The Decembrists: Topical Problems and New Approaches). 721 pp. Moscow: Rossiiskii gosudarstvennyi gumanitarnyi universitet, 2008. ISBN-13 978-5728109457. After a marked decline in Russian historians' interest in the "Decembrist era" during the first post-Soviet decade, the last ten years have seen a resurgence of focus and publication as indicated by the recent appearance of the five volumes discussed here. A new generation of Decembrist scholars (dekabristovedy) has widened the research agenda for early 19th-century Russian opposition by moving it away from the narrow Marxist-Leninist confines of the "liberation movement" (osvoboditel 'noe dvizhenie). Instead, they have sought to place it in the broader context of what A. N. Pypin as long ago as 1870 referred to as the "social movement" (abshchestvennoe dvizhenie). In her exhaustive study of the topic, Tat'iana Andreeva favors the modern (if optimistic) term "public opinion" (obshchestvennoe mnenie). Given the difficulty of identifying common ground among the various categories of opinion makers who contributed to the flourishing (though censored) periodical press, or were members of Masonic lodges and informal study circles (kruzhki) or of Decembrist secret societies, it would seem challenging to refer with confidence to a unified "public opinion" and therefore to generalize meaningfully about it. Nevertheless, her introduction of the term is one of the many indications of the extent to which today's specialists have moved away from their Soviet predecessors, while continuing to explore essentially the same historical phenomena--problems of politics and reform in Alexander I's reign, and the Decembrists' political culture and secret societies. The differences will be highlighted further below. They are also resurrecting names lost to Russian historiography for much of the 20th century such as Pypin, V. O. Kliuchevskii, and M. N. Pokrovskii, endorsing their rediscovered predecessors' views. Unquestionably, the most original and important of the works reviewed here is Andreeva's monumental study of secret societies, government policy, and public opinion in the first three decades of the 19th century. As ambitious as it is voluminous, it starts from the debatable proposition that this period of Russian political history ranks alongside the Great Reforms in its attempts, official and unofficial, to modernize Russia (3). In particular, Andreeva stresses its importance in the formation of the nobility's political role and its relationship with the throne. The place in this process of "public opinion," as reflected mainly in the recorded views of the various strata of the nobility, while crucial, has, in Andreeva's view, been insufficiently explored. Her purpose, therefore, is to redress this lack (10). Her monograph starts with a thoroughgoing 117-page survey of the literature and sources, indicative of the massive scale of the ensuing volume. …


In this paper we developed the model for the carbon dioxide emission from forest fire. The master equation for the spreading of the carbon dioxide to atmosphere is the hyperbolic diffusion equation. In the paper we study forest fire ignited by lightning. In that case the fores fire has the well defined front which propagates with finite velocity.


The reactive fragment (C 5 Me 5 )Rh(PMe 3 ),generated by heating (C 5 Me 5 )Rh(PMe 3 )PhH to 65°C, reacts with a variety of thiophenes and dibenzothiophenes by insertion into the C-S bond. In some cases, S-bound thiophene complexes can be observed. C-H activation can be kinetically competitive with C-S bond cleavage, but the latter reaction is thermodynamically preffered. Variation of the substituents on the dibenzothiophenes gives rise to insertion selectivities that suggest that electronic effects are very important in determining the direction of insertion.


The aim of the study was to determine the influence of the load on the water accumulation embankment crown on changes in the course of the filtration curve in its body. The study was carried out with a medium-size filtration apparatus. We made a model of hydrotechnical embankment with the following dimensions. Width: base 2.0 m, crown 0.5 m. Slope inclination: waterside 1:1.5, landside 1:1. Embankment height 0.6 m, width 1.0 m, weight 900 kg. The construction material included a homogeneous mineral subsoil classified as silty medium sand (siMSa). The embankment model made in a medium-size apparatus kept the accumulation level at a height of 0.5 m. With data from the recording systems, we determined the course of the filtration curve. Next, we kept on loading and relieving the embankment crown using an actuator and a VSS plate with a diameter of 300 mm. During this process, we recorded changes in the level of the water table inside the embankment. A decrease in the water table was observed as a result of increased load. Once the load on the embankment crown was reduced, the water level inside the embankment increased. The embankment model built from natural soil works well as a structure that keeps damming water in a continuous manner. The use of drainage in the form of a stone prism at the foot of the landside slope allows protecting the slope against the negative influence of filtration (piping, liquefaction).


Introduction – pancytopenia is a descriptive term referring to a reduction in all three blood cell lineage: erythrocytes, leukocytes & platelets. Pancytopenia can result from diverse mechanisms, as pancytopenia can be associated with a decrease in hematopoietic cell production in the bone marrow secondary to toxins, medications, or infection. In such cases, the bone marrow appears hypoplastic. In other situations, the marrow may appear normocellular or even hypercellular. Aims: To study the clinical presentations in pancytopenia due to various causes; and to evaluate hematological parameters, including bone marrow aspiration. Materials and Methods: It was a prospective study, and 52 pancytopenic patients were evaluated, along with hematological parameters and bone marrow aspiration during the period of 2 years, from July 2013 to Sept 2015, at Hematology Unit, Department of Pathology. Results: Among 52 cases studied, age of patients ranged from 03 to 70 years, and male predominance. The commonest physical finding was pallor, followed by fever and weakness. Bone marrow aspiration was conclusive in all cases. The commonest marrow finding was hypocellularity with aplastic anemia. The commonest cause for pancytopenia was aplastic anemia(38.5%) followed by myelodysplastic syndrome(11.5%) & megaloblastic anemia(9.6%). Conclusion: The detailed primary hematological investigations along with bone marrow aspiration in pancytopenic patients are helpful for understanding disease process and to diagnose or to rule out the causes of pancytopenia. These are also helpful in planning further investigations and management.


In the context of Finite Element Analysis, the main efforts are focused on developing the needed high performance element technology to have a good characterisation of the mechanical response of composite specimens. Thus, one of the main topics is the use of arbitrary 3-dimensional material law without order- reduction in case of thin walled structures (where composite structures are included) like high er order elements or continuum/solid shells. The finite element technology used in this researc h is based on the previous work due to [1]. The theoretical development that is exposed in this paper is intended to be applied to laminates specimens where similar values for the no minal thicknesses and material properties of each layer used for its manufacture. As a conseq uence of the closed nature between the constitutive layers, none multidirector model is ne eded to be developed. This kind of structures is especially representative in aeronaut ical applications as fuselage parts, wind components and others. The implementation of the Shell 7-parameters Formulation in the commercial Finite Element software ABAQUS, via user subroutine UEL, for laminates is presented. To avoid numerical locking is needed the inclusion of Enhanc ed Assumed Strain (EAS) and Assumed Natural Strain (ANS) procedures in the formulation, preserving the basic nature of a pure displacement formulation. Finally, in order to validate the numerical impleme ntation, a series of numerical examples is included. REFERENCES


The invention provides a remote overload warning method of a stone material mine forklift loader. The method comprises the step that the stone material mine forklift loader runs state information and transmits the information to a data center server for storage in a wireless communication mode, and the data center server periodically scans and detects the overload situation of the forklift loader, sends a control instruction to a remote intelligent terminal according to the overload situation and guides an operator to stop loading. By adopting the remote overload warning method, remote warning can be performed for a forklift loader which does not work according to a rated load and performs overload running, remote limiting can be further performed on a part of functions of a forklift loader with severe overload, and the operator can be guided to stop loading. Historical running state data and overload records of the forklift loader can serve as basic data of future maintenance and repair, and a maintenance and repair period of the forklift loader can be reasonably arranged according to different running conditions. The remote overload warning method can reduce the overload running condition of the forklift loader, prolong the service life of mechanical devices and reduce the maintenance and repair cost.


SF~,Oz,air cold plasma are used for surface modification of the biaxially oriented polypropylene(B0PP) films. The effect of surface grafting on electret property is investigated. Surface potential is characterized as a parameter to evalue charge storage capacity, and half value temperature(T1n) of thmal stimulated charge decay(TSCD) is an indicator of charge storage stability. The experiment rewlt show that surface grafting increase the charge storage capacity 50% and Tln raise 25C. IR spectrum gives some detail information about the chemical structure change taking place during treatment, esp8cially introduction of polar groups C=O,C-F etc. Finally the relationship between chemical component and trap density and modification effect are discussed .


The longitudinal Kerr rotation and Kerr ellipticity, and the refractive index and extinction coefficient were measured for evaporated Ni–Fe films over the entire range of composition in the alloy system. The magneto-optic parameter Q=Q0exp (-iq) was discussed. Q0 was found to be proportional to saturation magnetization Ms in both the f.c.c. and b.c.c. structure composition ranges. For the f.c.c. region (100%Ni to 50%Ni) Q0=1.6×10-5Ms, while for the b.c.c. phase (pure Fe to around 30%Ni–Fe) Q0=1.2×10-5Ms. The proportional constant for the b.c.c. phase was smaller by about 25% than that for the f.c.c. phase. This result cannot be explained within the framework of the classical theory considering the motion of conduction electrons in the internal magnetic field. It is suggested that the longitudinal Kerr effect might be closely related with the electrons responsible for the spontaneous magnetization.


This fourth chapter is devoted to the problem of payload delivery from an orbit to the Earth's surface without expenditure of fuel, by means of a tether. Two essentially different schemes of deployment of tethers are considered. In one example, using the YES2 experiment, the high potential of this method of payload delivery is shown. Various abnormal situations which can arise in the course of cable deployment are viewed: wrong orientation of a spacecraft at payload separation, a tether jamming, breakage of a spacecraft's attitude control system, and premature breakage of the tether.


Typhoid fever is the disease above all others, in ^hich we see the beneficial effects of sound and proper treatment, not so much the medicinal as the dietetic treatment. Who has not seen the terrible, nay, even fatal, effects of indiscretion in diet during the course ?f this disease, a small piece of bread, or an orange, either brought in by friends or given them by a fellow patient, causing a relapse, and if not causing perforation, prolonging the disease by many weeks. The temperature lUustrateB this very well. In the case of a patient whose temperature had been normal for some days, a piece of bread was given to the patient by a fellow patient, fusing the temperature within a few hours to reach ^-'6, and which did not come down to the normal point again for six days afterwards; that was the first Elapse; then a friend gives her an orange, and being Ravenous and ready to use her molars on anything in he shape of solid food, she demolishes orange peel and ail, with the result of prolonging the disease by about ayeweeks, though recovery followed eventually. W e must also consider the nursing. We may well ask urBelves the question, " What should we do without


To effectively design, integrate, and understand the functional operations of metasystems, researchers and practitioners need a standard definition and common understanding of metasystems as an extended system-of-systems.


The present invention relates to a substrate having an antireflective coating. The present invention is based on the following tasks, namely: anti-reflective layer to improve the wear strength. For this purpose, a substrate is provided by coating the substrate - having a multilayer antireflective coating (5) at least on one side, the anti-reflective coating (5) - constructed from layers having different refractive indices wherein a higher refractive index and a layer having a lower refractive index alternately, wherein - layer having a lower refractive index is constructed of a silicon oxide having a proportion of aluminum in these layers having a lower refractive index, - the ratio of the amount of material and amount of material of silicon aluminum greater than 0.05, preferably greater than 0.08, the amount of silicon material relative to the amount of aluminum material advantages, and wherein, - having a higher refractive index layer comprises a silicide, an oxide or a nitride.


Object of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional back, making the number of layers to solve the backplane printed circuit board connector with the number of questions to a linear increase. The perspective backsheet comprising: a first set of connectors, a second set of connectors, a first set of printed circuit boards, and a second set of printed circuit board. A first set of connectors and the second set of connectors, respectively, the first set of printed circuit board and the second set of printed circuit board. To any circuit board and a second printed circuit board in the group of any of the first set of printed circuit board in a printed a printed circuit board. A first set of connecting any connector is connected to the connector is connected to any one of the second set. The above scheme reduces each line printed circuit board, thereby reducing the number of layers produced backplane printed circuit board.


The author argues that electronic music and classical music do not constitute two separate and isolated worlds, but instead are subject to the same well-established rules of categorization and access. Through an informal inquiry, the author shows that familiarity with contemporary composers' names (which are well assimilated by regular concertgoers) does not reflect familiarity with their actual musical works.


Viscometric data obtained over a temperature range of 0–150°C. for a series of salicyloxymethyldimethyl end-blocked dimethylpolysiloxane fluids have shown that the molecular weight at which a minimum viscosity is exhibited is temperature-dependent. Thus, with decreasing temperature, minimum viscosities were manifested at higher molecular weights. With increasing molecular weight, i.e., increasing siloxane character, the energy of activation of viscous flor (Evisc) not only decreases, but also is less temperature dependent. An empirical expression relating Evisc and temperature for such fluids is presented.


The comparison and analysis of land use expansion driving factors,direction,space expansion pattern the 21 typical cities were carried by using the method of literature,to explore the main characteristics of land use expansion and the basic rule for Chinese cities.The results show that the dominant factor for city land use spread is the economy;spatial expansion modes are mainly manifested as extension,filling and extension combined filling,of which the extension is the most significant.Finally,some drawbacks of the extension type is analyzed,and we recommended the development of " smart growth" philosophy to counter it.


Plants are sessile organisms that face many biotic and abiotic stresses during their life cycle. They highly depend on innate immunity of cells under attack and systemic signaling enhanced by hormones from infection sites that may lead to systemic acquired resistance. Their rapid and initial responses to microbial colonization determine which physiological pathways are induced or suppressed. Pathways are controlled by kinases and key transcription factors that can result in differential expression of thousands of genes and small RNAs that may help the plant defend itself. However, virulent pathogens often mislead the plant by "hijacking" the wrong pathway that facilitates infection rather than provides resistance. More commonly, plants engage in numerous beneficial interactions with groups of soil beneficial microbes, that assist in nutrition or abiotic stress relieve, defend plants against pathogens or prime plants towards induced systemic resistance. This chapter provides an overview of the wide ranges of microbial (pathogenic and beneficial) interactions and highlights transcriptional regulatory network that allows plants to mount the appropriate responses when interacting with pathogens and/or beneficial microorganisms.


Research suggests exclusionary mechanisms fostering negative socioeconomic outcomes for African immigrants. This study explored predictors of social exclusion among immigrants from African countries living in the United States. The authors examined four dimensions of social exclusion that entail social–cultural and structural–economic exclusion. Authors used structural equation modeling to analyze cross-sectional survey data from first- and second-generation African immigrants across the United States (N = 409). Findings highlighted the negative effects of discrimination on all four dimensions of social exclusion. In addition, higher levels of education were associated with higher levels of social–cultural exclusion, whereas higher levels of income were protective from social and structural–economic exclusion. Authors also found health status, religion, race, and immigrant generation to have significant effects on social exclusion. Study findings have important implications for social workers seeking to identify and prevent exclusionary mechanisms and practices affecting African immigrants in the United States.


In cross enterprise collaboration, business domains need to interoperate and collaborate to each other for receiving profits. To create an understanding of enterprises and the ways they do business, a starting point could be business models. The goal of business modeling is to create semantically representations of business domain concepts like transactions, processes, value chains. Business domain ontologies can be used as a reference model for concrete business models. Business domain ontology describes concepts, concept relations and axioms that are potentially relevant for business models. The three main business modeling ontologies are REA, the e-value ontology and the Business Model Ontology (BMO). In this paper, a mapping is proposed between these three well known business domain ontologies (REA, e-value and BMO). The proposed mapping helps business domains with different ontologies in a cross enterprise collaboration, to be understandable and interoperable, but it does not force each business domain to have a common vocabulary and a unique ontology in order to be interoperable to each other. General Terms Business domain ontology mapping.


The initial acute stroke evaluation typically includes a noncontrast computed tomography (CT) to assess for intracerebral hemorrhage and early ischemic changes. Although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides more information on the distribution and extent of acute ischemia, the concerns about the cost and complexity of the infrastructure required to provide immediate access to MRI and the potential for introducing treatment delays have …


A theoretical tool based on the Variational Asymptotic Method (VAM) has recently been developed to analytically analyze active open cross-section thin-wall beams (OCSTWB). In the present work, the nonlinear static deformations due to activated Macro/Active Fibre Composites (MFCs/AFCs) in OCSTWB with various cross-sectional geometry and material anisotropy are obtained through cross-sectional analysis using the present analytical development and UM/VABS, which is then utilized in a nonlinear intrinsic beam theory. The corresponding 1D nonlinear set of equations is solved using a first-order accurate finite difference scheme. The solved resultant tractions along the beam reference line are obtained at discrete beam stations and used to obtain the 1D strains and the corresponding deformations. Various examples, such as a cantilevered active channel and I-beam were used to validate the analytical tool against full 3D Finite Element (FE) solutions. For the practical examples, the displacements and rotations predicted by the analytical approach were accurate enough to render the analytical tool applicable to preliminary optimization and design studies.


This study was conducted to evaluate changes in self-awareness in response to dating members of the opposite sex among college students. The point of view of college students who have experienced the dating, it has put the purpose of clarifying the nature of the change in the strength and self-awareness. To accomplish this, interviews of 18 people who met the study criteria were conducted. This study was a qualitative investigation. Respondents were placed in one of five categories: 'change in perception of role', 'understanding of communication skills', 'strengthened coping ability', 'behavioral change in emotion regulation', or 'awareness of selfmaturity'. Changes in perceptions experienced by college students through dating were shown to improve the quality of college students' future life and applied in the strength to adapt to social life. Therefore, the significance of this study was discovered a positive outcome in the individuals' life, trying to present the grounds that to strengthen the various regions.


. We investigate the use of all-electronic Terahertz (THz) / Millimeter wave imaging for the non destructive testing of foam materials and glass fiber composite samples intended for several applications, for instance in the aerospace industry.


Purpose:The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of treatment with GnRH agonists on final height(FH) and the influencing factors on height gains. Methods:Twenty-five girls and five boys with true precocious puberty, who were treated with GnRH agonists for more than one year and had attained final height, were evaluated retrospectively. We analysed auxological parameters at diagnosis, at the end of treatment, and at the attainment of final height, and calculated height gains. Results:FH SDS was significantly higher than predicted adult height(PAH) SDS at diagnosis (-0.91±1.32, vs. -1.80±1.39, P


the effects of body weight-supported gait training on the electromyographic activity of the lower limbs and motor irradiation to the upper limbs in ABSTRACT: Rehabilitation on the treadmill with partial body weight support (PBWS) in individuals with spinal cord injuries can passively reproduce gait, helping them with weight bearing on the lower limbs (LL) and orthostatic posture. The objective of the study was to assess motor irradiation from the lower limbs to the upper limbs during gait training with PBWS. The participants were three male individuals diagnosed with low spinal cord injury (T10 and L1), classified as ASIA A, with partial preservation of nerve roots. Subjects were submitted to gait training with PBWS and electromyographic assessment of the muscles Biceps brachii (BB), Rectus femoris (RF) and Lateral Gastrocnemius (LG) on both sides. Statistical analysis included Shapiro-Wilk and de Levene tests, One way ANOVA test and Tukey's HSD post-hoc test. In the resting state, there was less activity of BB muscles on both sides when compared to the RF and LG, which can be explained by the secondary impairments arising from the individuals' injury. The gait cycle (GC) was repeated three times; in GC1 there was greater electromyographic activity in the right LG muscle and lower activity of the right BB muscle and, statistically, right LG and left BB showed higher mean activity (statistically significant results). In GC2, the same pattern of activity of GC1 was observed, but the right RF muscle reduced its activation threshold. In GC3, the activity levels of the previous cycles were maintained, but the left RF Oliveira AFM, et al. Analysis of the effects of body weight-supported gait training on the electromyographic LL to upper limbs during the GC. The qualitative analysis showed "peaks" of activity in this muscle mainly during the support phases of the gait training.


Mobile applications are now dominating the marketplace, and the ease with which users can install and use the applications has also increased. To solve the problem of back-end infrastructure not being to handle high amounts of traffic generated by worldwide audiences, mobile developers now use cloud computing technologies. There are different options available in the market. In this research paper, we will go through the cloud service providers like AWS, Google Cloud, Oracle Cloud, and Microsoft Azure Cloud and compare their offerings.


Background: Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disease with lymphocytic exocrine gland infiltration causing dry mouth and eyes. The disease can develop alone (primary SS, PSS) or with other autoimmune diseases (secondary SS, SSS). PSS has been suggested to increase the acute pancreatitis risk. However, whether all patients with SS share this higher risk remains uncertain. This nationwide population-based cohort study aimed to detect associations between SS and acute pancreatitis. Methods: We identified 11,922 individuals with SS cohort and 47,688 individuals without SS (non-SS cohort) between 2000 and 2010 from the Taiwan National Health Insurance database. We matched the individuals between the SS and non-SS cohorts according to age, gender, and index year at a 1:4 ratio. We used a Cox multivariable proportional-hazards model to determine the effects of SS on the acute pancreatitis risk. Results: The SS cohort had a higher acute pancreatitis risk than the non-SS cohort after covariate adjustments (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 3.374; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.869–3.969). Patients with PSS exhibited a 2.872-fold risk (95% CI, 2.611–3.901) and patients with SSS a 4.121-fold risk (95% CI, 3.752–5.124) for acute pancreatitis. Our subgroup analyses revealed that patients with SS and systemic lupus erythematosus (adjusted HR, 3.85; 95% CI, 3.259–4.999), rheumatoid arthritis (adjusted HR, 4.298; 95% CI, 3.862–5.286), systemic sclerosis (adjusted HR, 2.765; 95% CI, 2.26–3.68), or polymyositis (adjusted HR, 2.641; 95% CI,1.847–3.101) and dermatomyositis (adjusted HR, 3.77; 95% CI, 2.894–4.502) had higher acute pancreatitis risk. Conclusions: Patients with SS presented increased acute pancreatitis risks than patients without SS, and patients with SSS had higher acute pancreatitis risks than patients with PSS. Physicians should be aware of this increased risk in patients with SS.


Objective
To investigate the expression of peripheral blood blocking antibody (BA) and human leucocyte antigen-G(HLA-G) and their correlation in patients with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA), and to investigate the pathogenesis of URSA.

Methods
A total of 160 patients with URSA were selected as the observation group and 154 patients who underwent gestational health care were selected as the control group. Flow cytometry was used to detect the blocking efficiency of BA in URSA patients on CD3, CD4 and CD8 in spleen T lymphocyte of their spouses. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect HLA-G antibody in patients themselves.

Results
The serum BA negative rate of observation group was 83.75%, which was significantly higher than 8.44% of control group (P<0.01). The negative rates of blocking efficiency of CD3, CD4 and CD8 in observation group were 73.75%, 81.25% and 64.38%, respectively; negative rate of blocking efficiency of CD4 in observation group was higher than that of CD8 (P<0.05). The blocking efficiencies of CD3, CD4 and CD8 in obserovation group were (-2.77±3.50)%, (- 1.64±1.99)% and (-1.07±1.84)%, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in control group[(4.37±1.63)%, (3.85±1.31)%, (3.00±1.37)%], P<0.05. The expression of HLA-G in observation group [(15.26±2.70)μg/L] was significantly lower than that in control group[(29.30±6.86)μg/L], P<0.05. There was a positive correlation between CD3, CD4, CD8 blocking efficiency and HLA-G (AUC=0.953, 0.961, 0.946, 0.948). ROC curve analysis showed that CD3, CD4, CD8 blocking efficiency and HLA-G had strong diagnostic ability for URSA (ACU=0.953, 0.961, 0.946, 0.948).

Conclusions
The BA and HLA-G deficiencies in women of childbearing age are closely related to the development of URSA. The expression of BA and HLA-G can provide a rapid and accurate clinical reference for diagnosis of URSA.

Key words:
Unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion; Blocking antibody; Human leucocyte antigen-G


Synopsis At present the design pressure difference for air inlets in The Netherlands is 1 Pascal. This paper investigates the question whether or not this value is still appropriate. In recent years the airtightness of dwellings has improved remarkably. Self adjusting air inlets have been introduced on the market. What is the effect of these changing building features on the pressure difference over the building envelope? To answer this question more insight is needed in the pressure differences that appear in reality during the year, and on the way they depend on building features. A mulitizone air flow model has been used to calculate the pressure differences during a reference year. Building types are: a) an existing dwelling with conventional air inlets and b) a new built dwelling with improved airtightness and self adjusting air inlets. This type of dwelling will be built in large numbers for the following years in the Netherlands. The calculations allow for the following conclusions: • The design air pressure difference increases as a result of improved airtightness and the application of self adjusting air inlets. • For new built dwellings in the center of the country the design pressure difference can be raised to 2 Pascal. • Other building locations (near coast) and better building airtightness may lead to still higher design pressure differences. These will have to be calculated separately. The advantages of working with higher design pressure differences, applicable to the situation: • Ventilation energy losses decrease • Deviations from the ideal ventilation pattern will decrease, which will improve indoor air quality • Less or smaller air inlets will be needed, which saves costs


Fourth - order gravity theories have received much interest in recent years thanks to their ability to provide an accelerated cosmic expansion in a matter only universe. In these theories, the Lagrangian density of the gravitational field has the form R + f(R), and the explicit choice of the arbitrary function f(R) must meet the local tests of gravity and the constraints from the primordial abundance of the light elements. Two popular classes of f(R) models, which are expected to fulfill all the above requirements, have recently been proposed. However, neither of these models has ever been quantitatively tested against the available astrophysical data. Here, by combining Type Ia Supernovae and Gamma Ray Bursts, we investigate the ability of these models to reproduce the observed Hubble diagram over the redshift range (0, 7). We find that both models fit very well this dataset with the present day values of the matter density and deceleration parameters which agree with previous estimates. However, the strong degeneracy among the f(R) parameters prevents us from putting strong constraints on the values of these parameters; nevertheless, we can identify the regions of the parameter space that should, in principle, be carefully explored with future data and dynamical probes in order to discriminate among f(R) theories and standard dark energy models.


This study investigates the faculty workforce in three latecomer world-class universities,namely Hong Kong University of Science and Technology,Pohang University of Science and Technology,and Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology.The study finds that,the three latecomer universities are all dominated by faculty who received their PhD from established world-class universities;overseas returnees form the main body of the faculty;and the phenomenon of faculty inbreeding basically does not exist at the universities.In these universities,a key to their success is to attract and retain a prominent faculty in a fairly short period.These latecomer world-class universities that were established recently but have already gained world-class status,could give lessons to build world-class universities in China.


This paper discusses how ePortfolios, initially introduced to students in a Music Education degree program on a trial basis, are subsequently being integrated into subjects of this degree program. Discussion includes staff perspectives, and covers the varying ways ePortfolio components are utilised in a range of subject areas, issues staff encounter in introducing ePortfolios into their subjects, methods to adapt existing assessment assignments into ePortfolio tasks, and ways in which the inclusion of ePortfolio work leads to changes in learning and teaching practices. Challenges of assessing in an ePortfolio environment are explored, and a map of ePortfolios in the final years of the degree program is discussed. The mapping process, whereby ePortfolio work is perceived as transitioning into the content of this degree program, is explained and demonstrated. The paper covers the design of the map that targets the sequential development of students' ePortfolio skills through subjects in the degree program. Mapping assessment tasks for any degree program is ongoing, and researchers in this case rely on student products and formal and informal feedback to continue designing assessment tasks in a meaningful way to engage eLearners in developing ePortfolios for use inside and outside this degree program. The process is not about creating more work for students and staff, or re-inventing existing curricula by removing and adding tasks. It is about evaluating existing assessment tasks in this degree program and modifying them to act viably in an information technology environment to reflect and advance student learning.


Type of funding sources: None.

 New cardiovascular prevention guidelines have recently been issued by the European Society of Cardiology (ESC).

 To record blood pressure (BP) target attainment according to the recent ESC cardiovascular prevention guidelines.

 A retrospective observational study involving 1334 dyslipidemic patients followed-up for ≥3 years at the Outpatient Lipid Clinic in University General Hospital of Ioannina, Greece. BP target attainment was recorded. ESC 2021 guidelines recommend a general target of BP <140/80 mmHg and individual targets of: i) diastolic BP <80 mmHg in all patients and ii) systolic BP 120-130 mmHg in patients 18-69 years of age without chronic kidney disease, or systolic BP 130-140 mmHg in patients 18-69 years of age with chronic kidney disease, or in those ≥70 years of age.

 Among the 1334 subjects, 935 (45% men, 68 [60-75 years old]) were diagnosed with hypertension and received antihypertensive treatment. Of those, 19% were diagnosed with chronic kidney disease, 24% with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and 23% with type 2 diabetes. Of those, 75% were receiving an angiotensin receptor blocker, 52% a thiazide diuretic, 52% a calcium channel blocker, 37% a β-blocker, 13% an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, 6% an aldosterone receptor blocker and 2% a centrally acting antihypertensive drug. Half of subjects had BP <140/80 mmHg, but only 21% achieved the individualized BP targets.

 A considerable proportion of hypertensive patients do not achieve target BP values.


This article investigates how ASEAN acquires its international legal personality and exercises its treaty-making capacity. It, first, traces the evolution of ASEAN's international legal personality and treaty-making practice in three successive periods in ASEAN's pre-Charter development from 1967 until 2007. It then examines the formal conferral of ASEAN's legal personality in 2007; analyses the content and implications of the 2011 Rules of Procedure for the Conclusion of International Agreements by ASEAN; and examines ASEAN's treaty-making practice in the post-Charter era. It argues that ASEAN had a limited international legal personality and treaty-making capacity even prior to the adoption of the ASEAN Charter in 2007. While the Charter represents a critical juncture in ASEAN's legal evolution, ASEAN's exercise of its international legal personality and treaty-making capacity since then remains limited due to many institutional and procedural constraints.


In this work we present a bilateral rehabilitation system for the hand based on a novel underactuated hand exoskeleton to assist hand opening/closing and a pair of pressure- sensorized graspable objects. In particular, the grasping force measured at the healthy side is used to modulate the assistance of the hand exoskeleton at the impaired side. Utilizing simpler and more reliable pressure-sensorized graspable objects instead of biosignals might allow the system to adapt to residual motor capabilities of the impaired hand. System performance of the robotic assisted, bilateral grasping tasks have been experimented with 3 healthy subjects.


ABSTRACT The effectiveness of the rotary drum drying process depends primarily on the contact between the cascading particles and the drying gases within the drum. This paper considers first the factors which contribute to the cascade pattern and which influence the design of the lifting flights which distribute the particles in the top half of the drum. A generalised calculation design procedure for flights is developed and described in detail for the case of Equal Horizontal Distribution (EHD) flights. It is reasoned that the EHD flights, which have an equal distribution of particles across the horizontal diameter of the rotary drum dryer, give the optimum distribution in the context of the heat and mass transfer operations of the rotary drying process. An industrial design which approximates the optimum flight design is suggested.


The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a tool, the tool for shaping, in particular by hot stretch forming or injection molding a material. Tool (2) along a mating surface (41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50) mutually adjacent sheet-like blocks (35,36,37,38,39,40) Composition the assembly constituted integrally. Recesses (51,52,55,56,58,59) provided on the mating surface (41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50), the passage (53, 54, 30,62,63,64,65,66,67) arranged to penetrate the sheet block (36, 37) inside, and defining a conduit system for circulating a heat exchange fluid. Each sheet-shaped blocks (36, 37) may be designed and manufactured so that: for example, casting or by means of thermally conductive material blank is machined so as to ensure that the tool (2) heat transfer fluid conduit system (13 ) has an ideal configuration.


Upon condensation of the pure planar gas SO3 (D3h) trimerizes spontaneously, which is often called γ-SO3. It adopts a cyclic structure (C3V) described as [S(=O)2(μ–O)]3. The highly electrophilic nature of γ-SO3 results in insertion reactions into M-C as well as M-O (M = Si, Ge, Sn, Pb) bonds under very mild conditions to leave the organic portion of the molecule intact [1-3]. Other experimental and theoretical investigations of γ-SO3 and its derivatives have been relatively sparse. Thus, the main objective of the present work is to study the trimerization of SO3 in the gas phase, with density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP/ 6-31G(d) basis set level. The basis set superposition error (BSSE) associated with the polymerization energy was computed via the counterpoise method using the individual bases as fragments [4].


Executive Overview Organizations are operating in a constantly changing environment and need research that can help them adapt to these changes. This has created an opportunity for scholars to do research that will be valued and used if it is relevant. We argue that to achieve relevance, researchers need to work with and learn from practitioners, and they need to spend time in organizations gathering data. Examples are provided that demonstrate the usefulness of research when it focuses on organizational effectiveness and change. A strong case is also made for studying outlier organizations and for research that draws expertise from multiple areas of study.


Analysis on the original background of the general bioengineering test,the main problems in the traditional experiment-teaching was found.The paper proposes the open and researching experiment teachhing-mode on the general bioengineering test,and sets forth the good results from reformation on experimental teaching mode.


In this work, we consider genomic code of bacteria, Streptomyces coelicolor. A DNA landscape is created from the DNA sequence. This DNA sequence was made available from the gene data bank.


To realize the damage diagnosis of a optical fiber grating smart structure, the structual dynamic response signal was decomposed with the wavelet analysis method based on the vibration monitor of optical fiber grating smart structure.The wavelet packet decomposition was introduced,and the wavelet packet energy spectrum describing the damage character was used to identify the structual damage status.Then,six different damage circs were studied by experimental laminates,inculding the different degrees and the same location of structure damage,and different locations and the same degree of structure damage.The results show that the structure damage will lead to the increase of wavelet energy spectrum of some specifically frequency bands of the structure dynamic response signal,and the damage characters are sensitive to the damage degree,damage location and the degree from the damage to the sensor.In the experiment,this method can recognize the damage of 12 g weights and 30 cm from the optical fiber grating sensor,it is feasible to realize the structure on-line damage diagnosis.


The scientific development concept brings about the new requirements,new ideas and new methods related to the student ideological and political education.It is necessary for universities,in the practice of the student ideological and political education by the scientific development concept,to adhere to the combination of professional knowledge education with the ideological and political education,to the combination of theory teaching with practice teaching,to the combination of following the law of education with the satisfaction of students'needs,and to the combination of campus culture guidance with the education methods adoption in the full reflection of the target,direction,flexibility,modernity and effectiveness of the ideological and political education.


Objective
To explore the status of residents′ knowledge, attitude and behavior on first aid in Lucky Community in Urumqi, Xinjiang, so as to provide scientific basis for effective knowledge popularization on first aid among urban community residents.

Methods
Totals of 399 residents in Lucky Community in Urumqi, Xinjiang, were selected by cluster random sampling and were surveyed by self-designed questionnaires about status of their knowledge, attitude, and behavior of on-site first aid.

Results
30.00% of the residents did not call the emergency number when they encountered an accident; more than 50.00% of the residents did not know basic first aid technique; 45.61% of the residents were willing to attend first aid training, yet the neighborhood committee had not arranged such trainings; 62.41% of the residents considered first aid knowledge and skills necessary; 90.48% of the residents had acquired basic first aid knowledge from TV and radio; 89.72% of the residents believed that teacher′s demonstration and field practice were more suitable.

Conclusions
It is of significant meaning to conduct first aid training and to popularize knowledge and skills on self-rescue and calling for help for the public to cope with all kinds of unexpected events which endanger lives of the residents. First aid knowledge and skills can be effectively improved by using methods popular to the residents.

Key words:
Community residents; First aid knowledge; Training; Demand


Background: Regionalization of perinatal health services has been actively discussed, although important determinants such as effect of duration of neonatal transport on neonatal outcomes have not been investigated well as yet. Therefore the purpose of the present paper was to investigate the association between duration of inter‐facility transport and perinatal mortality.


Immolibization and biodesulfurization characteristics of Gordonia sp.WQ-01A were studied.The effects of immobilization conditions on biodesulfurization characteristics were investigated and the optimum operation immobilization temperature is 4 ℃ with 4wt% sodium alginate,the ratio of 1∶20 [ cells(g) to SA(mL)] and 3wt% CaCl2.The results showed that immobilizaed cells showed better biodesulfurization characteristics than resting cells,and both reuse and lifespan performances of immobilized cells are better than those of resting cells.Furthermore,immobilized cells show good biodesulfurization characteristics in the oil-water-model system in fermenter.


Intensity of electromagnetic pollution is followed by rapid increasing of new telecommunication technologies over the years. In order to prevent enlarged exposed of general population with doses of electromagnetic radiation above allowed for general population, living as well as working environment around antenna systems should be tested. Using sophisticated measurement equipment we measure intensity of electric field emitted from base station located at shopping center in urban zone of the Banja Luka city. Theoretical estimation of exposition was preceded to measurement procedure, resulting in mapping of exposure at different altitude around antenna system. This thorough investigation of electromagnetic pollution will become a part of typical systematic testing of high frequency non-ionizing radiation pollution. Tested area, around shopping center, where are located educational institution and sports center is found safe from emitted radiation.


This paper designs a portable fruit impedance spectrum measurement system, which is specially designed for fruit maturity evaluation in fruit picking, transportation and customer selection. Its design uses conductive materials for contact-type non-destructive measurement, uses AD5933 to collect the impedance distribution of the measured fruit at each frequency band from 10KHZ to 100KHZ, draws the impedance spectrum of the fruit, and displays the measurement results in an intuitive way on the Android APP on the mobile phone. In the process of the experiment, the impedance spectrum of the passive components is collected. The test results are compared with the performance of the desktop impedance analyzer under the same measurement conditions. The relative error of the measured values are less than 3.8%. Finally, we give an example of the application of this design in the impedance spectrum measurement of green mango fruit.


In modern times, as the number of crimes has increased, we come across situations where victims are not identifiable by their physical attributes. A necessity for simple identification markers has become the need of the hour. Denture identification systems are not only useful in forensic identification but can also solve a common problem among hospitalized patients in long term care fa-cilities and hospitals, where it is the difficult to identify the ownership of lost dentures when found. In this review simple but effective methods of incorporation of markers into the den-tures of patients has been discussed which makes it possible to identify them in case of mass calamities, acts of terrorism as well as in daily life. These are simple and cost effective methods that will prove useful at the time of need.


RISC-V is a new instruction-set architecture that encourages users to design new domain-specific extensions for their needs. This necessitates RISC-V instruction-set simulators that allow productive development, productive extension, and productive instrumentation. In addition, these simulators need to be high-performance to allow simulating real-world benchmarks. There is a productivity-performance gap due to lack of tools that achieve both aspects. Pydgin is a new instruction-set simulator that aims to bridge this gap by its many productivity features and performance that makes it the fastest currently available open-source RISC-V simulator.


Clinical trials aim to examine the safety and efficiency of novel procedures such as certain medication, specific treatments, or medical devices. They constitute a compulsory requirement for the marketing authorization of these trial objects. As such, they are a vital part of a modern and innovative health care system. However, clinical trials (CT) also involve risks for the participant's health.


In this paper, simulations of isothermal forming of aluminum piston skirt are performed with rigid-plastic FEM. The distributions of equivalent plastic stress and strain in such process are obtain -ed, some features of the deforming process are also concluded. The method presented in this paper and its conclusions may be referenced to forging industry.


Following a suggestion of W.M. Schmidt and L. Summerer, we construct a proper 3-system (P1, P2, P3) with the property φ3 = 1. In fact, our method generalizes to provide n-systems with φ n = 1, for arbitrary n ≥ 3. We visualize our constructions with graphics. We further present explicit examples of numbers ξ1, . . . , ξn−1 that induce the n-systems in question.


A fermentation trial was conducted and three fistulated young bulls were used to evaluate the effects of a lactic-acid-producing(Lactobac+ Lactobacillus bulgarius+ Pediococuus cerevisiae+ Str. Faecium + Lactobac acid philus) inoculant, an enzyme preparation (cellulose enzyme+amylase+glucoarmylase) and liquid ferment treatment(probiotics)on silage fermentation, composition, and ruminal degradation when they were applied alone or combined. Results indicated that the content of NDF in groups treated with solid ferment (lactic-acid-producing 20 g+cellulose enzyme 100 g+amylase 300 g+glucoarmylase 300 g/t corn straw) and liquid ferment(efficient microorganism 500 mL/t corn straw)(both added at high levels)was slightly lower than that in control group(P0.05).Analysis of variance of the degradation parameters of DM and NDF generated by a nonlinear regression model indicated that the treatments of corm straw with solid ferment and liquid ferment(both added at high levels)increased quickly degradable DM and NDF fractions(P0.05),reduced slowly degradable DM and NDF fractions significantly(P0.01).The liquid ferment also resulted in higher rates of ruminal DM, NDF degradation as compared with control and other treatments(P0.05).The biological mechanisms associated with the beneficial results of liquid ferment addition are not understood yet.


What are some of the biggest challenges in treating raw water to potable standards? HS Conventional technologies, in some cases, are not sufficient to produce potable water quality, as a result of diminishing raw water quality in South Africa's water sources. The identification of contaminants and water characterisation are critical to determine treatment requirements. Microbiological contamination assessments identified protozoa contamination as a new danger in raw water, as Giardia and Cryptosporidium can pass through a sand filter and are also resilient against chlorine disinfection.


We propose an agile wideband light source, which targeted on optical coherence tomography (OCT), consists of an optical single-sideband modulation (SSB) frequency sweeper cascaded with an optical frequency comb generator and a multi-wavelength light source.


Engaging Water as Culture and Resource through Contemporary Art In the present socio-cultural moment, water is increasingly the subject of discussion and contestation in public discourse. As Canadians, we know it as a resource that is ubiquitous within our history and an increasingly desirable international commodity. Our project uses research and practice in visual art to address the subject of water regarding its cultural and environmental importance, linking the historical art practice of picturing nature with the potential of visual representation to offer opportunities for aesthetic and socio-cultural engagement. The project is generously funded by the Social Sciences Research Council of Canada. (see www.immersion-emergencies.ca)


Development of design and production technology of centrifugal pumps for achieving better performance and less energy consumption in these devices has increasingly been taken into consideration. This is due to the fact that centrifugal pumps have an important contribution in industrial applications and energy consumption around the world. Accordingly, the international standards of centrifugal pumps urge more precise analysis systems for obtaining the performance curves of these pumps. For this reason, a complete, precise, and real-time monitoring and performance analysis system for centrifugal pumps is introduced in this paper. The pump characteristics are measured by precise measuring instruments and the obtained data are imported to LabVIEW for monitoring and analysis. The implemented system can satisfy the ISO 9906:2012 grade 1 requirements. Several performance tests have been performed on different types of centrifugal pumps and the obtained results prove the accuracy and high capability of the implemented system in monitoring the condition and obtaining the performance curves of various types of centrifugal pumps.


This paper firstly deals with the evolution of the literature on fertility and mortality growth rates and secondly discusses the extent to which both fertility and mortality affect the population growth rate as an endogenous variable. We develop an economic growth model using an infinite horizon setup in which economic development and health status influence the population growth rate. Mortality depends on health expenditure and fertility is endogenously determined. Each generation of family is linked altruistically and adults within each household take into account the welfare and resources of their actual and future descendants. The current generation maximizes utility and incorporates a budget constraint over an infinite horizon. Their decisions determine not also the evolution of the population growth rate but even the evolution of the per capita income.


The early efforts of manufacturers have been dismissed as too small and too unsophisticated to matter. Despite some sympathetic depictions of regional developments during the 19th and early 20th Centuries, there has been a general tendency to write off pre-1930s manufacturing as : "largely confined to the production of fairly basic consumer goods... a small and vulnerable sector, with strictly limited prospects for development". Many writers also depict manufacturers as dependent creations of particular state policies and of the mining sector. The authors who hold these views usually date the emergence of 'real' manufacturing to 1925 or later, after the National Party, in a pact with the Labour Party, came into power and implemented a new kind of tariff policy.


This review paper focuses to ascertain a new approach in turbulence generation on the structure of premixed flames and external combustion using a fractal grid pattern. This review paper discusses the relationship between fractal pattern and turbulence flow. Many researchers have explored the fractal pattern as a new concept of turbulence generators, but researchers rarely study fractal turbulence generators on the structure premixed flame. The turbulent flow field characteristics have been studied tand investigated in a premixed combustion application. In terms of turbulence intensity, most researchers used fractal grid that can be tailored so that they can design the characteristic needed in premixed flame. This approach makes it extremely difficult to determine the exact turbulent burning velocity on the velocity fluctuation of the flow. The decision to carry out additional research on the effect circle grid fractal plate as a turbulent generator for premixed flame should depends on the blockage ratio and fractal pattern of the grid.


Being able to safely distinguish astrophysical from potential dark matter (DM) annihilation signals is of utmost importance for indirect DM searches. To this end, one has to rely on distinctive -- and unique -- spectral signatures to look for. Internal bremsstrahlung (IB), unavoidable in the presence of charged annihilation products, provides such a signature. In fact, as it generically dominates the gamma-ray spectrum expected from DM annihilations, at high energies, it may well turn out to be more important for indirect DM searches than the traditionally looked-for line signals. As illustrated in some detail, the observation of IB signatures would even allow to distinguish between different DM candidates or to constrain significantly the parameter space of, e.g., neutralino DM. The gamma-ray contributions reported here are therefore of great interest for the already launched Fermi/GLAST satellite and the upcoming new generation of Air Cherenkov Telescope systems like CTA -- which are most sensitive at the high energies where these effects are particularly important. Finally, radiative corrections may even significantly alter the positron spectrum from DM annihilations; an intriguing positron excess recently found by the PAMELA satellite might turn out to be an indication of the peculiar spectral signature expected in that case.


In this investigation, ilmenite mineral reinforced Al–Si alloy matrix composite (AMC) has been developed. The wear behavior of the developed composites has been studied for their end application as break drum material to replace cast iron used in automobile industries. Ilmenite is one of the major sea beach mineral. AMC has been prepared through a low-cost stir-casting method in which 1 wt.% graphite (Gr)/tin (Sn) as a solid lubricant has been added during the fabrication of composites itself. The optical micrographs of AMC revealed uniform distribution of ilmenite particles throughout the matrix. The wear rate of the base LM30 alloy containing 17% Si and the developed composites has been studied at different normal loads at a constant velocity of 1.6 m.s−1. Optimized data revealed a significant wear rate reduction due to solid lubrication provided by Gr/Sn (∼32%). The wear rate of composites has been compared with traditional cast iron used in brake drums under similar experimental conditions. Composites exhibit nearly identical wear behavior throughout the test. The microstructural study of wear track and debris revealed that Sn and Gr used as solid lubricants played a vital role in reducing the wear loss of the prepared composites. A theoretical study of frictional heat generated during dry sliding and its dissipation has been done to establish the operative wear mechanism in the composites.


A parallel neural network—mixed neural network formed by nonline ar and linear neural networks is put forward in accordance of the characteristic s of a nonlinear dynamic system model.The new neural network solves the problems of complexity and uncertainty caused by nonlinear function approximating linear function.The respective approximation of the linear and the nonlinear parts for model have been realized.The simulation examples demonstrate that the applicati on of the mixed neural network to the control of this nonlinear dynamic system i s feasible.


This study was conducted to evaluate the culture potentiality and growth performance of Spirulina (Spirulina platensis) in supernatant digested rotten guava (DRG) in replacement of Kosaric Medium (KM). The Spirulina was inoculated to grow in digested rotten guava media (DRGM) (treatments) with the addition of 9.0 g/L NaHCO3 and micronutrients and KM for a period of 14 days. The cell weight of spirulina was attained a maximum of 12.43±0.20 mg/L (dry wt. basis) in KM followed by 0.818 ± 0.003, 0.815 ± 0.0015 and 0.809± 0.0012 mg/L in supernatant of 60 (T1), 20 (T2) and 40% DRGM (T3), respectively on the 10th day of culture. The cell weight of spirulina grown in these media had highly significant (P<0.01) correlation with the chlorophyll a content (r = 0.746) and total biomass (r = 0.742) of Spirulina. The results showed that the growth performance of spirulina in supernatant of 60% DRGM was significantly (P<0.01) higher than that of spirulina grown in supernatant of 20% and 40% DRGM. The physico-chemical parameters viz. light intensity (2748 to 2768 lux/m2/s), temperature (19.0 to 22.2°C), pH (8.1 to 10.6), alkalinity (1522 to 2698 mg/L), nitrate-N (1.25 to 3.64 mg/L) and phosphate-P (11.30 to 55.40 mg/L) were within optimum level during the culture period. The results showed that, the different concentration of digested rotten guava (20%, 40%, 60%) has potential to increase the growth rate of Spirulina. Therefore, the DRG medium may be commercially used for mass culture of Spirulina platensis.