Objective To evaluate the efficacy of Ponseti method in the early treatment of con-genital clubfoot. Methods Forty children with congenital clubfoot (aged 7 days to 6 months) were managed with Ponseti method including manipulations, serial long leg cast, and wearing brace after removal of the cast. Results All the children were followed up for average 24 months, with the longest time of 6 years. The deformities of the feet were rectified in all the children, with a ideal rectification rate of 100%. Conclusions Ponseti method has a satisfactory effect on congenital clubfoot. It is less expensive, miminally invasive, simple,and easy to master and popularize.

Key words:
Congenital clubfoot; Treatment; Ponseti method


The invention concerns pearly lustre concentrates in the form of an aqueous dispersion having between 10 and 40 wt % pearly lustre-forming components and between 15 and 55 wt % emulsifiers. The concentrates contain as emulsifiers alkylpolyglycosides of general formula (I), RO-(Z)x, in which R stands for a C6 to C22 alkyl group, Z stands for a mono or oligosaccharide, x is a number from 1.1 to 5, or their addition products with 1 to 10 molecules ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide. The concentrates are characterized by a Newtonian flow behaviour when they are free of emulsifiers with -COO and -OSO3 groups, such that these concentrates are considerably easier to handle.


Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have excellent electronic, mechanical, and structural characteristics; however, their poor dispersion structure and large aggregates severely inhibit their function. A stable MWCNT dispersion in an aqueous solvent has been realized via ultrasonic dispersion and surfactant modification, providing a reference for improving MWCNT dispersion in various materials and solvents. In this study, a cyclic olefin copolymer with high transmittance to terahertz (THz) waves is used to prepare microfluidic chips. Then, the microfluidic and THz technologies are combined to study the THz absorption characteristics of MWCNT aqueous dispersion under different electric field (EF) intensities, magnetic field (MF) intensities, and MF action time. The results show that the THz spectral intensity of MWCNT aqueous dispersion decreases and the absorption coefficient increases with the increase of EF intensity, MF intensity, and MF action time. This phenomenon is explained from a microscopic perspective. The combination of microfluidic and THz technologies provides technical support for studying the characteristics of MWCNT aqueous dispersion and lays a foundation for elucidating the molecular microstructure of MWCNT aqueous dispersion.


Integral imaging under photon counting conditions has found different three-dimensional (3D) imaging applications, including 3D image reconstruction and recognition. In this paper, we present the application of the maximum-likelihood (ML) estimation method for visualization of 3D scenes in photon starved environments using mid-wave infrared 3D data of real scenes acquired at distances ranging from 50 m to more than 2 km. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on mid-wave infrared 3D photon counting integral imaging of distant scenes.


Diatom collections and water chemistry samples were taken and analyzed monthly in 1968 and 1969 from six stations on the East Gallatin River, Montana, one above and five below the effluent of the former Bozeman Sewage Treatment Plant. The water was found to be of the calcium-magnesium-bicarbonate type. Ortho-phosphate, ammonia, chloride and fluoride increased markedly, below the effluent. All except ortho-phosphate returned to pre-effluent levels within the study area. A total of 30 genera, 116 species and 138 varieties of diatoms was identified. Nitzschia dissipata was by far the most common diatom in the river, supplanted in dominance only at the station immediately below the effluent by N. epiphytica, a nitrogen heterotroph. The abundance of Nitzschia spp. in the river was related to the presence of consistently high concentrations of total inorganic nitrogen. The diatom flora of the river was not adversely affected by the effluent; major taxa were the same above and below although their abundance values varied considerably. The upstream station received organic pollution from some unknown source(s). Plexiglass plates were placed above and below the effluent at measured current velocities for two-week periods. Aufwuchs was scraped from 1.4 dm^2 and analyzed as to dry weight, biomass, chlorophyll and carotenoid absorbance, chlorophyll a weight and relative species composition of the diatom community. The overall mean biomass accrual rate was 0.49 g m^-2 day^-1 . Rates of accrual were nearly identical above and below the effluent although the percentage of total organic accrual due to autotrophic growth alone was almost three times greater at the upstream station. Autotrophic index values indicated recovery of the aufwuchs at the furthest downstream station to the proportion of autotrophs found above the effluent. Aufwuchs dry weight, biomass and chlorophyll a accumulation correlated negatively with current velocity although some enhancement of accrual was noted up to about 0.400 m/sec. Current was positively correlated with the biomass/dry weight ratio. The growth of Sphaerotilus natans below the effluent was selectively favored by higher velocities. ECOLOGY OF THE DIATOM COMMUNITY OF THE UPPER EAST GALLATIN RIVER, MONTANA WITH. IN SITU EXPERIMENTS ON THE EFFECT OF CURRENT VELOCITY ON FEATURES OF THE AUFWUCHS by LOREN LOUIS BAHLS v 'A thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY ' in ■ Botany


With the development of Chinese market economy, China is facing increasing monopoly problems after entering WTO. It's necessary to legislate anti-monopoly law. Chinese anti-monopoly law should regulate economic monopoly and administrative monopoly. The anti-monopoly law enforcement agency with independence and authority should be established.


In his pioneering work, Lewis Fry Richardson [12] develops a model of an arms race between two nations. A recent survey article by Intriligator [7] recognizes Richardson's contribution, citing numerous studies which follow the Richardson paradigm (also see [5]). The objective of this paper is twofold: (1) to briefly reflect on the evolution of Richardson-type arms models, and (2) to reformulate the model in order to examine possible impacts of changes in bilateral defense policies. Although historically the United States and Soviet Union provided the archetypal illustration of an arms race, Richardson's model applies equally to any two nations facing potential conflict. But as Rapoport [11] first pointed out, while Richardson's model can be interpreted as describing one nation's armament response to another, it does not explain how a nation arrives at such a strategy. As Intriligator [6, 339] observes: ".. . one of the principal limitations of the Richardson model . . . is that it looks at the arms race from the outside as a mechanistic model rather than


Aim To explore the effect of neuropeptide Y on lipid metabolism in human vascular smooth muscle cells. Methods The human vascular smooth muscle cell culture model was used for experiments. The expression of low density lipoprotein receptor in cultured human vascular smooth muscle cells were quantitatively assayed by the immunofluorescent staining under laser scanning confocal micropscope. Results The averaged fluorescent value in control group was 2443±189,while the values in neuropeptide Y groups were 2015±164,1890±145,1841±123 and 1786±136,decreasing by 26.92%, 24.64%, 22.62% and 17.49%(P0.01),respectively in 10 8 mol/L, 10 7 mol/L, 10 6 mol/L and 10 5 mol/L concentrations of neuropeptide Y, compared with control group. There was significant differences among the different concentrations neuropeptide Y groups in a dose dependent manner. Conclusion Neuropeptide Y may influence the lipid metabolism of human vascular smooth cells by downregulating low density lipoprotein receptor in human vascular smooth muscle cells.


Notwithstanding profound non-governmental integrative forces and transnational interactions, the United States has a not inconsiderable diplomatic presence in the contemporary international system 124 embassies, 9 missions, 68 consulates general, 45 consulates, and 12 consular agencies.' Its diplomatic presence in Canada consists of the embassy in Ottawa and eight consulates general located across the nation.2 This decisional interface and its related Washington components have, from an organizational standpoint, been relatively neglected in analyses of international politics, and entirely neglected in analyses of the Canadian-United States relationship.


The objective of the present study was to identify the day-by-day of adolescents in psychic suffering that attend a Center of Psychosocial Attention for Children and Adolescents (CAPSi) and to understand what the reach and limitations of this service are within the care and mental health treatment of children and adolescents. This is a qualitative case study, that involved the methodology of Ecological Insertion, grounded on the Bioecological Theory of Human Development by Urie Bronfenbrenner. Thirteen adolescents treated in a CAPSi of a large city from the State of Sao Paulo and aged between 12 and 18 years


We studied a 600 dpi high definition thermal print head. Fast thermal response, thermal resistance, uniform contact pressure on print media, and micro process are necessary to achieve 600 dpi high definition thermal transfer print. Therefore, we examined a new structure of a low thermal diffusivity layer on a high thermal diffusivity substrate, and optimum new design of the head shape. As a result, we could drive a 600 dpi thermal print head at high speed and high duty. We studied thermal print head to achieve multi-level tone in thermal transfer printing, which required appropriate heat control of heating elements on the head and varying the amount of resin ink melted by the energized head edge, that is, varying dot diameter as needed. After a series of examination, we came to the conclusion that head form especially the part between a heating elements and head edge is deeply related to the property of the tone. This meant that optimization of the head form was the key to the solution. Thus we have attained multi-level-tone printing by varying dot diameter in 16 levels with the enhanced print head.


V. THE INTERTIDAL ANIMAL COMMUNITIES .. 361 The lower reaches: .. 361 Fauna of solid substrata . 361 Fauna of sand and mud banks . 364 The Epifauna . 364 (i) Supralittoral fringe .. 365 (ii) Midlittoral zones and infralittoral fringe 366 (a) Spartinetum . 366 (b) Zosteretum . . .366 The Infauna . .. 367 (i) Communities living in clean sand . 368 (a) Calianassa community . .369 (b) Other sand communities . .370 (ii) Communities living in mixed soils and in mud 372 (a) Upogebia community . .372 (b) The species of Cleistostoma . 374 (c) Alpheus community . 374 The middle reaches: . 375 Fauna of solid substrata . 375 Fauna of banks of sandy mud and mud . 376 The upper reaches: . . . .376 Fauna of solid substrata .. 376 Fauna of muddy sand . 377 The Epifauna . . . .377 VI. NUTRITIONAL RELATIONSHIPS . . . . . . 377 VII. BIOTIC FACTORS INFLUENCING DISTRIBUTION . . . 379 VIII. COMMENSALISM . . 380 IX. ZONATION ON THE MUD FLATS AND SAND BANKS . . .381 SUMMARY . . . . .385 REFERENCES . . . . . 385


Everybody likes to look at the sea, and the idea of buying a cliff-top cottage with wonderful sea views is, for many people, a goal they have pursued for years. But while our day-dreams can be quite detailed about the thatch on the roof, the roses round the door and even the colour of the bathroom, nobody ever fantasises about foundations. "As safe as houses" runs the old saying. But along parts of the north Kent coastal cliffs that=s not necessarily saying much.


The optical system of the spectral-calibration facility of an optical remote sensor is composed of a grating monochromator and an assistant collimator. If the optical system meet the following two requirements, an accurate spectral responsive function of the tested system can be obtained: first, a collimated beam fills up the aperture of the tested instrument; secondly, the real image formed by the exit slit of the monochrometer covers the whole field stop of the tested instrument1. For most of the optical remote sensor with large aperture and large field of view, the optical system of the calibration facility can not meet both of the requirements simultaneously, because the grating monochromator can work only with a small exit aperture angle. A deviation may be induced because the test proceeds under the condition of meeting one of the requirements only.


Listing 2.12: Skeleton of Type.java The ordering operator≤ have been replaced with the standard Java method compareTo. The class notes to the environment that it is supports this method by implementing the marker interface Comparable. By doing this, the method promises to accept any object for comparison and the implementation will have to check that the object really is within the hierarchy of the Type class. The methods car and cdr keeps their name from the algebra. Most of these methods can be implemented entirely, or at least give a default implementation, in the base class. The only method that does not have a natural default implementation is the concat method which is therefore declared abstract. Binary operations in the algebra are defined in terms of the class of both its operands. In order to implement these in a language that does not support multiple dispatch [ADL91], type-testing is employed using the instanceof operator. This gives code in style of the pattern matching commonly found in programs written in ML [Pau91]. An alternative would have been to use the Acyclic Visitor pattern [Mar96]. While more "pure" objectoriented, this approach is not chosen on the grounds that it would complicate the code without giving any significant benefits since the type hierarchy is relatively static. 2.4.1 Empty set and empty string Both oe and eps are functions that does not take any parameter. Neither does any of these functions have any side-effect. Therefore, the result must always be the same. The return value of these methods are static members that have the type (in a Java sense) EmptySet and Lea f respectively. Although the immutability of these classes ensure that these members could have been exposed directly, they are encapsulated in each their method so that later implementations may change. This implementation is a realization of the Singleton pattern [GHJV95]. The code for these methods is displayed in listing 2.13.


The intensification of globalization, characteristic of our twenty-first century, has served to challenge traditional conceptions of citizenship, identity, and belonging. The articles in this focus...


Water distribution networks are designed and managed to provide adequate water flow to all users. Unexpected events, such as prolonged dry spells or cyber-physical attacks, can affect this status quo. Under water scarcity conditions, users located in high-pressure zones have a competitive advantage at the expense of the other customers, which, if exercised freely, can reduce the overall social welfare of the network, i.e., the value its customer get by using it. These conditions of supply failure are a challenge for water utilities, which can either provide full supply, but only for a limited time, or let the system uncontrolled, resulting in a substantial loss of social welfare. Here, we tackle the problem by adopting a game theoretic approach and develop a uniform pricing mechanism aimed to ensure an equitable and fair supply to all customers. The mechanism takes as input the users' demand—an information nowadays available through smart metering—and provides a pricing scheme that induces customers located in high-pressure zones to limit their demand, thus protecting the remaining users. Results obtained for a typical single-branch water distribution network show that the pricing mechanism attains good performance guarantees relative to the optimum, yet unattainable, water allocation. Our results also show that the performance of our pricing mechanism is often comparable to the one obtained by imposing flow restrictions to all users—whose implementation would require massive infrastructural upgrades. The opportunities we identify for supplying customers in an equitable and fair manner can extend to more complex topologies.


UNLABELLED
THE AIM of this study was to evaluate the impact of genomic polymorphisms of methylene-tetrahydrofolate-reductase (MTHFR-C677T, MTHFR-A1298C) and various glutathione S-transferases (GSTP1-Ilel05Val, GSTA1*a/b, GSTM1, GSTT1) on the occurrence of liver toxicity in patients receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).

PATIENTS AND METHODS
Eighty-four adult patients were enrolled in this retrospective study. All patients were treated with busulfan/cyclophosphamide as a conditioning regimen and received cyclosporine and short-course MTX for GvHD prophylaxis. Genotyping was performed using PCR based restriction-fragment-length-polymorphism (RFLP) techniques.

RESULTS
Multivariate analysis identified the MTHFR-A1298C polymorphism as an independent predictor for maximum levels of bilirubin (p=0.0025) and duration of hyperbilirubinaemia (p=0.013). Furthermore, there was an association between this polymorphism and the occurrence of the sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) (p=0.048). No significant associations between the MTHFR-C677T or the various GST polymorphisms and liver toxicity were observed.

CONCLUSION
The MTHFR-A1298C polymorphism might be associated with liver toxicity in patients receiving allogeneic HSCT.


Thomas Hwang and Aaron Kesselheim assess how California's proposed new law on drug pricing could affect healthcare costs in the US and beyond


In unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) millimeter wave (mmWave) communications, the inter-UAV wireless channel is fast varying because the high mobility of the UAV transmission platform. In such dynamic scenarios, it is very costly to obtain the inter-UAV channel state information (CSI) with the conventional pilot-aided channel estimation. Aiming to address this critical issue, in this paper, we propose a novel adaptive-structure extreme learning machine (ASELM) enabled fast channel predication to obtain the CSI in a proactive fashion, which can further support agile beam-based inter-UAV mmWave communication. In particular, ASELM copes with the channel variations by adaptively adjusting the number of neurons in the hidden-layer of ELM. Moreover, a sliding window prediction mechanism (SWPM) predicts subsequent-CSI by efficiently reuses the predicted concurrent-CSI to train the ASELM, which is able to save the pilot overhead for channel sampling (estimation) towards longer-range channel prediction and improve prediction accuracy at affordable costs. Simulation results show that the proposed ASELM enabled fast channel predication can achieve lower normalized mean square error than traditional prediction algorithm in the considered inter-UAV mmWave communication scenarios.


Abstract Silicon dioxide nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs) are widely invested in medicine, industry, agriculture, consuming products, optical imaging agents, cosmetics, and drug delivery. However, the toxicity of these NPs on human health and the ecosystem have not been extensively studied and little information is available about their behavioural toxicities. The current study aimed to find out the behavioural alterations that might be induced by chronic exposure to 10 nm SiO2 NPs. BALB/C mice were subjected to 36 injections of SiO2 NPs (2 mg/kg Bw) and subjected to 11 neurobehavioural tests: elevated plus‐maze test, elevated zero‐maze test, multiradial maze test, open field test, hole‐board test, light‐dark box test, forced swimming test, tail‐suspension test, Morris water‐maze test, Y‐maze test and multiple T‐maze test. Treated mice demonstrated anxiety‐like effect, depression tendency, behavioural despair stress, exploration and locomotors activity reduction with error induction in both reference and working memories. The findings may suggest that silica NPs are anxiogenic and could aggravate depression affecting memory, learning, overall activity and exploratory behaviour. Moreover, the findings may indicate that these nanomaterials (NMs) may induce potential oxidative stress in the body leading to neurobehavioural alterations with possible changes in the vital organ including the central nervous system.


Introduction One of the first tasks undertaken by Model Theory was to produce elimination results, for example methods of eliminating quantifiers in formulas of certain structures. In almost all cases those methods have been effective and thus provide algorithms for examining the truth of possible theorems. On the other hand, Godel's Incompleteness Theorem and many subsequent results show that in certain structures, constructive elimination is impossible. The current article is a (very incomplete) effort to survey some results of each kind, with a focus on the decidability of existential theories, and ask some questions at the intersection of Logic and Number Theory. It has been written having in mind a mathematician without prior exposition to Model Theory. Our presentation will consist of four parts. Part A deals with positive (decidability) results for analogues of Hilbert's tenth problem for substructures of the integers and for certain local rings. Part B focuses on the 'parametric problem' and the relevance of Hilbert's tenth problem to conjectures of Lang. Part C deals with the analogue of Hilbert's tenth problem for rings of Analytic and Meromorphic functions. Part D is an informal discussion on the chances of proving a negative (or could it be positive?) answer to the analogue of Hilbert's tenth problem for the field of rational numbers.


Advancements in nonlinear dynamic simulation, seismic
hazard analysis, and performance-based earthquake engineering are
enabling more scientific assessment of structural collapse risk and
how the risk is controlled by building code design requirements.
Although current collapse assessment methods carefully account for
the nonlinear response of structures, most of these analyses do not
explicitly capture model uncertainties associated with variability
in the structural properties and response characteristics of
components. Instead, modeling uncertainties are typically
considered through simplified assumptions and techniques. This
dissertation focuses on modeling uncertainty in seismic performance
assessment and implications on seismic collapse safety of
structures. A statistical framework assessing model parameter
correlations from component tests is proposed for characterizing
the modeling parameters that define dynamic response at a component
level and the interactions of multiple uncertain components in
structural systems. The framework is illustrated using a dataset
that is composed of over two-hundred tests of reinforced concrete
columns. Statistics of the model parameters are established
including the correlation structure of the inelastic model
parameters, both within a component and between different
components. The analyses show that model parameters within
structural components tend to be only mildly correlated, whereas
there are strong correlations between like parameters of different
components within a building. Uncertainty propagation methods,
including Monte-Carlo simulation-based, moment-based and surrogate
(response surface and neural network) methods, are assessed for
probabilistic assessment of collapse risk. To reduce computational
demand of collapse risk assessment, a Bayesian approach is proposed
and demonstrated using a reinforced concrete archetype building.
The results emphasize the sensitivity of collapse response to
modeling uncertainties and the challenges of balancing of
computational efficiency and robust uncertainty characterization.
Impacts of modeling uncertainty are evaluated for fragility
functions and mean annual exceedance rates for drift limits and
collapse for thirty-three reinforced concrete archetype building
configurations. Modeling uncertainty is shown to have considerable
impacts on collapse risk. Inclusion of modeling uncertainty is
shown to increase the mean annual frequency of collapse by about
1.7 times, as compared to analyses based on median model
parameters, for a high-seismic site in California. Modeling
uncertainty has a smaller effect on drift demands at levels usually
considered in building codes. A novel method is introduced to
relate drift demands to collapse safety through a joint
distribution of deformation demand and capacity, taking into
account simulated instances of collapse and no-collapse. This
method enables linking seismic performance goals specified in
building codes to drift limits and other acceptance criteria. The
distributions of drift demand at…


ABSTRACT This article probes the return of the Muslim Brotherhood to prominence in 1970s Egypt through a systematic analysis of advertisements in the organization's flagship periodical, al-Daʿwa (The Call). In every issue of the magazine, which was published between June 1976 and October 1981, entreaties to proper conduct and appeals to Islamic solidarity appeared alongside advertisements for everything from Pepsi to breakfast biscuits to automobiles. We utilize the methodological insights of social and cultural historians to the value of advertisements to cast new light on the reconstruction of the Brotherhood, its relationship with the diverse institutions comprising the Egyptian state, and on how the Muslim Brotherhood's vision of piety both reflected and challenged a changing economic reality. Moving beyond a story of the Brotherhood's return as a product of independent Islamist enterprise that had emerged due to both the Gulf oil boom and Egypt's economic liberalization programme, significant public sector advertising in al-Daʿwa, especially prominent across the most valuable advertising real estate, underscores both internal divisions within the Egyptian state as well as the tangible ways that various state institutions were patrons of religious change.


This paper describes an application of software quality assurance to a specific scientific code development program. The software quality assurance program consists of three major components: administrative control, configuration management, and user documentation. The program attempts to be consistent with existing local traditions of scientific code development while at the same time providing a controlled process of development.


Law school lecturers have long known that moots represent a useful way of teaching students about advocacy and courtroom skills. However, it is not widely recognised that moots also represent an opportunity to further students' knowledge and deepen their learning of substantive areas of law. This article analyses for the use of moots to promote experiential education about human rights through the practical application of human rights laws to 'real' problems. It analyses three different human rights moot competitions conducted in the United States of America, Africa and Australia, in order to evaluate different approaches and determine best practice when it comes to human rights mooting.


Lentil is a very important leguminous pulse crop in Indian agriculture. The unstable trend of lentil production is a major concern for food and nutritional security. Although different districts of West Bengal plays pivotal role in lentil production, very insignificant amount of production comes from the salinity stress affected area. Additionally the suitable Rhizobium strain and their performance in different environmental stress conditions in relation to lentil production is not yet evaluated. In the present study, we are interested to isolate different lentil-specific nitrogen fixing bacterial isolates from Murshidabad district of West Bengal. Sequence analysis revealed that some of the isolated strains are Rhizobium sp. either closely or distantly related to R. leguminoserum. Different isolated strains have been analyzed for salt tolerance. These salt tolerant strains might be useful to make bio-consortium which will be further used to popularize lentil production in the salt affected regions of West Bengal.


The recovery of oil from oil shale by in-situ combustion requires fracturing oil shale underground to establish permeability and passing air through the fractured shale to support a combustion front. The heated products from the flame front contact the untreated shale where kerogen is decomposed and gas and liquid products are swept to a production well. A major difficulty in this technique is characterization and control of the combustion front. An experimental study of flame front propagation through crushed oil shale in a laboratory reactor is presented. The oil shale is ignited at the top of a vertical 2-in. -ID insulated stainless-steel tube and the reaction maintained by air injection above the ignition plane. The structure of the reaction front and flame front propagation rates are studied as a function of oil-shale particle size and air delivery rates. Temperature profiles throughout the reaction front were measured continuously by coated thermocouple probes and oil yield determined for each run. Combustion front advance was found to reach steady state very rapidly and a linear relationship was found between steady flame front propagation rate and air flux and between particle size and flame propagation rate. The reaction temperature is about 2100/sup 0/F andmore » is slightly dependent on particle size and air flux. In contrast to sand-pack studies, the flame front was quite narrow without substantial preheating of downstream shale.« less


The pulsed laser ablation method has been used to form GaAs nanocrystals. A quadrupled frequency Nd:yttrium–aluminum–garnet laser beam is focused onto a GaAs single crystal target, and a nitrogen flowing gas is sent at the neighborhood of the target in order to transfer in an ethanol bath, the nanoparticles grown in gas phase. The composition of the particles is close to stoichiometry and transmission electron microscopy analyses highlight zinc-blende GaAs nanocrystals with a rather well defined size: 5–8 nm diameter. The low temperature photoluminescence and photoluminescence excitation spectra show quantum confinement of about 870 meV via an emission band in the visible range (500–560 nm) for the GaAs nanocrystals produced by laser ablation without any postannealing treatment.


Introduction: Cerebral venous thrombosis, including thrombosis of cerebral veins and major dural sinuses, is an uncommon disorder in the general population. However, it has a higher frequency among patients younger than 40 years old, patients with thrombophilia, and women who are pregnant or receiving hormonal contraception. The annual incidence is estimated to be 3 to 4 cases per million. Coexisting cerebral vein thrombosis and aneurysmal disease in the setting of acute subarachnoid hemorrhage is exceedingly rare. These rare situations put difficult problems of diagnosis and treatment. Case Report: We present the case of a 42year-old man patient who was diagnosed with thrombophilia of heterozygous factor V Leiden mutation and right ischemic stroke internal carotid cerebral artery four years ago. The patient presented with nausea, vomiting, a progressive severe headache that had lasted for a few days, followed by a rapid deterioration in the level of consciousness.On admission, the patient was in a comatose state, GCS score 5, mydriasis with bilaterally preservation of fotomotor reflex, stiff neck, acute respiratory failure and vegetative disorder. Cerebral CT scan showed a acute tetraventricular hydrocephalus and subarachnoid hemorrhage and cerebral four vessels angiography showed an left posterior communicating artery aneurysms and complete occlusion of right internal carotid artery.The aneurysm was managed with endovascular coiling with 100% occlusion achieved and acute hydrocephalus was treated first with external ventricular drainage and in a second time with ventriculoperitoneal shunt.The immediate and late outcome of patient has been addicted to several complications: acute bacterial meningitis, left hemiparesis, bronchopneumonia, urinary infection, malfunction of external ventricular drainage end swallowing disorders. Conclusion: In this report, the authors discuss the case of a coexistence ruptured aneurysm of the left posterior communicating artery in one patient known with factor V Leiden thrombophilia and proximal right ICA occlusion.This associated is more rare and dangerous, but curable disease. The case clearly illustrates both the difficulty in establishing the cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage in the presence of both aneurismal and CVST disease as well as the initiation of postendovascular coil embolization anticoagulation therapy. Endovascular coil embolization of the aneurysm was thus undertaken, with subsequent heparin anticoagulation to attempt to prevent Romanian Neurosurgery (2013) XX 2: 170 – 179 171 thrombus propagation.This neurosurgical strategy for treatment of a patient conducted to excellent results.


The paper describes planning and execution of largescale maintenance campaigns of SCADA systems for CERN's accelerator and technical infrastructure. These activities, required to keep up with the pace of development of the controlled systems and rapid evolution of software, are constrained by many factors, such as availability for operation and planned interventions on equipment. Experience gathered throughout the past ten years of maintenance campaigns for the SCADA Applications Service at CERN, covering over 230 systems distributed across almost 120 servers, is presented. Further improvements for the procedures and tools are proposed to adapt to the increasing number of applications in the service and reduce maintenance effort and required downtime.


Brains from the 15- and 21-day-old offspring of rats given a 7-percent casein diet from the 5th day of gestation and through lactation showed no evidence of degenerative changes in the nerve cells or fibres, but modifications in structure were seen in every area examined. Cells generally contained less cytoplasm, and the walls of the myelin sheaths were thinner. Developmental changes were retarded, the cell density was greater and dendritic development reduced. The changes were most marked in the basal ganglia, hypothalamic nuclei, cerebellum, and in nuclei having close links with the cerebellum.


Integrated nutrient management has paid rich dividends in management of soil fertility thus ensuring good productivity and maintaining soil health. Pressmud biocompost (made of pressmud + spentwash) and well decomposed farm yard manure in various combinations with inorganic nutrients were evaluated on the performance of finger millet. The experiment consisted of eight treatments and was laid out with randomized complete block design and replicated thrice was carried out at M/s Sri Chamundeshwari Sugars Ltd., Bharathinagar, Maddur taluk, Mandya District located in Southern Dry Zone of Karnataka. The results indicated that significantly lower bulk density and increased MWHC was recorded in T2 (RDF + pressmud@ 10 t ha-1) (1.39, 2.61 Mg m-3 and 37.46% respectively). Soil pH ranged from 7.50 to 8.07 30 DAT to harvest and later decreased, EC ranged from 0.33 to 0.51 dS m-1. Higher organic carbon content and Higher CEC was recorded in treatment T3 (RDF + bio compost 10 t ha-1). The yield of finger millet was high in treatment containing RDF + bio compost 10 t ha-1.


right thing is done but that it is done for the right reason. But, where the technological targets of regulation become the tools and where regulatory environments rely increasingly on technological instruments to manage, to control and to channel the conduct of regulatees, the moral project can be compromised at more than one level. Crucially, even if the pattern of conduct is in line with moral requirements, permissions and prohibitions, there is something missing if conduct is the result of technological management rather than an agent's decision to do the right thing. What is pathological about such managed environments is precisely that agents are no longer in a position to express their dignity and their respect for others as well as for themselves. Adding back such expression might not be to the benefit of any other human and it might seem counter-intuitive to suggest it, but what is at stake here is something very like Rosen's idea that we have responsibilities to our own humanity. By all means, let us join Rosen in debating whether there is a risk (both conceptual and empirical) that we might undermine our humanity by failing to respect the dead. However, if the essential conditions for human dignity are to be preserved, I suggest that what we urgently need to debate is the licence that we grant to regulators to make use of the new generation of technological instruments of social control.


This paper is aimed at providing an outline of the possible semiotic worlds of the external actors of the Tupac Amaru Neighborhood Association, so as to obta...


Zhang neural network (ZNN, also called zeroing neural network) is considered as an effective method to solve time-dependent problems (i.e., time-varying problems). Different continuous-time ZNN models of various time-dependent problems solving are obtained by exploiting the ZNN design formula. Before applying on digital equipment, the acquired continuous-time ZNN models are generally discretized by using Zhang time discretization (ZTD) formula. To provide readers with the choice of various ZNN models and different ZTD formulas for time-dependent problems solving, this paper summarizes ZNN models and ZTD formulas, and presents them in tables. Specifically, four categories and seventeen subcategories of time-dependent problems are summarized and presented after studying related literatures. In addition, ZTD formulas from the 2-instant ZTD through the 10-instant ZTD formula are also summarized and compared in a table. With the direct derivative dynamics (DDD) method as a special situation, this paper also introduces the process of solving time-dependent problems with the ZNN method, especially the time-dependent matrix problem.


State‐of‐the‐art low‐frequency and high‐frequency noise performance and modeling in modern semiconductor devices and circuits are discussed. The increase of noise‐to‐DC current ratio may compromise the circuit applications in near future. The low‐frequency noise (LFN) tends to a log‐normal distribution. Since the random‐telegraph‐signal (RTS) noise is pronounced in submicron devices, then new techniques being used to characterize of multilevel RTS are discussed. High‐frequency noise modeling and sample experimental results are presented, including the important effect of gate‐tunneling current for future devices. For the RF circuits, we discuss the phase noise in voltage‐controlled oscillators (VCO) based on ring oscillators and LC‐tank VCOs with and without automatic amplitude control. Finally, the effects of hot‐carrier stress on the performance of a VCO is presented and discussed.


The ability of acidophilic microorganisms oxidation of sulphide minerals are now widely used in biohydrometallurgical technologies for sulfide ores of nonferrous and precious metals. Object of research is native strains of microorganisms Chemolithotrophic prevalent in mine waters and orebody deposit Bakyrchik. The result of the research studied habitats and abundance Chemolithotrophic microorganisms carrying the nitrogen cycle, the oxidation of sulfide minerals in mine water samples and characteristic rocks of the ore body deposit Bakyrchik. It has been established, that the number of bacteria in ammonifying mine waters ranged 101–104 кl./мl, A. ferrooxidans and Th. thiooxidans – 10–103 кl./мl, saprophytic bacteria – 102–107 кl./мl. Areas of distribution of bacteria were determined рН water.


We define a notion of {\it positive part} of a lattice $\Lambda$ and we endow the set of such positive parts with a topology. We then study some properties of this topology, by comparing it with the one of $V^*/\RM_{> 0}$, where $V^*$ is the dual vector space of $\RM \otimes_\ZM \Lambda$.


Abstract This work mainly focus on finding the optimal conditions for improving the efficiency of the dissimilar welded joints that were prepared using the friction stir welding (FSW) process. To carry out further research on the FSW process, it is very important to know the significant process parameters. As per the literature, rotational speed, welding speed, and tilt angle are the most significant parameters and hence have been considered in the current investigation on output responses are tensile strength, impact strength, and elongation are the multi-responses identified; they were also investigated with the help of two-dimensional (2D) plots. The experimental design is planned as per the Taguchi L9 orthogonal array. The straight cylindrical threaded tool is used in this work. AL6082-T651 and AL7075-T651 alloys are taken as the workpiece material based on its applications. The workpieces are cut as per the American Society for Testing and Materials standards. After performing the experiments, each output response is measured at all the welding conditions and is tabulated. This experimental data is used for optimizing the multi-responses using the Taguchi Grey relational analysis (GRA) method. This GRA method helps optimize the multi-responses in an FSW process. In the process of optimization using the GRA method, the signal-to-noise ratios, the Grey relational coefficients, and the Grey relational grades are calculated, and ranking will be given based on the Grey relational grade values. Overall, this method proves suitable for optimizing the multi-responses in the FSW process.


Partial mandibulectomy for the treatment of mandibular fractures is often viewed as a salvage procedure that should be used only as a last resort, once other methods of fixation have failed. However, mandibulec-tomies are relatively quick and easy to perform, and usually have a satisfactory clinical outcome. This report describes the management of a comminuted caudal mandibular fracture in an adult dog by using a partial mandibulectomy technique. A 9-year-old, intact male, collie cross was referred to the Ontario Veterinary College (OVC) for the evaluation and treatment of a right caudal mandibular fracture. The fracture, due to an unknown trauma, occurred 5 d prior to presentation at the OVC. Physical and neuro-logical examination revealed a bright, alert, and respon-sive dog. Marked swelling and instability were evident in the region of the right mandible and several oral lacerations were noted. The dog had no other obvious abnormalities and was admitted for further evaluation. A muzzle was applied to help to stabilize the fracture during the preoperative period. A complete blood cell count and serum biochemical profile were performed and the results were within normal limits. Chest radiographs were performed and no evidence of contusion or pneu-mothorax was noted.


This article aims to grasp the right to life from a different perspective. Modernity focuses to  understand life through living rather than death. The right to life is perfectly suited for body  politics of positive power. When life became a basic concept that encompasses the whole  social space in modernity, it has also come to the fore as the most basic protection area of  law. Yet, understanding the right to life without considering body politics inevitably remains  uncomplete. As is well known, life is also considered as a primary research area by human  rights as an academic discipline and of course human rights law. The right to life is the  fundamental founding right of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). The  scope of the right regulated Article 2 of the Convention has been expanded in time by  way of the relevant case law and court practices. Under the influence of case law, the  Convention has obtained a very dynamic content and has adapted itself to new emergent  situations. Finally, it should be pointed out that, although not included in the text of the  Convention, many issues such as abortion and euthanasia have been discussed in the  human rights case law.


The technology of Wireless Local Area Network(WLAN)has developed into a relatively mature technology,and it has been widely applied.But because of the openness of wireless networks,it was vulnerable to attack,so it has many problems in security.Based on the analysis of the wireless network threats,this paper suggested some security technology and measures making the WLAN are more safe and reliable.


To increase the efficiency of aggrephagy, specific scaffold proteins such as EPG-7 endow cargo specificity and link cargo–receptor complexes to the autophagic machinery.


We describe an unusual route and uncommon device use for the percutaneous closure of a modified Blalock–Taussig (BT) shunt. A 4‐year‐old male had presented with severe upper body swelling after a bidirectional Glenn shunt done one month earlier. The BT shunt which was clipped during the surgery was found to be patent. The BT shunt was finally closed from the bidirectional Glenn using an Amplatzer vascular plug, resulting in symptom relief. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


The causes for heterogeneous deformation with strain partitioning into kilometre-scale shear zone within the partially molten crust and the spatiotemporal feedback relationships between strain localization and melt organization still remain unclear. In order to tackle these questions and unravel the strain localization in a partially molten crustal scale shear zone, we used field observations and thermodynamic modelling in the Eastern Variscan Shear Zone (EVSZ) located in the Aiguille-Rouge massif (Western Alps). The EVSZ is an orogen scale, 10 km wide and 600 km long, transpressional high strain corridor recognized in the French External Crystalline Massifs. The EVSZ affected the partially-molten late Variscan crust during late Carboniferous times (340-300 Ma). In this contribution we present a detailed field-map survey of the mid- and lower crusts focussed on the partitioning and strain pattern in the Aiguille-Rouge EVSZ. Detailed mapping revealed that high-strain deformation domains and orthogneiss occurrences are spatially related. New petrological, thermobarometrical and LA-ICP-MS dating also better constrain the P-T-t-D evolution of the partially molten crust along the EVSZ. Field observations and P-T pseudosection calculations show that among the three dominant lithologies forming the mid- and lower-crusts, i.e. metapelite, metagreywacke and orthogneiss, the latter is the most fertile if considering H2O-fluid-saturated melting. During prograde evolution at pressure between-12-15 kbar, orthogneisses reached the solidus at lower temperature and produced higher melt fraction than the metasedimentary rocks.  The water-present melting in the orthogneisses may have initiate strain localization at the end of the prograde evolution. Thus, the favoured localization of the shear zone within the metagranites is explained by a higher melt fraction than in the metapelites and metagreywackes. PTDt path and thermobarometrical modelling suggest that these transpressional deformation conditions occurred under suprasolidus conditions from at least 12 kbar to 4 kbar during a near isothermal decompression. During this cooling path, while crystallization of anatectic melts might have provoked strain hardening in the orthogneisses, a strength decrease might be controlled by a higher proportion of micas in metapelites and metagreywackes as suggested by forward modelling of modal proportion of mica. This change in the nature of the weakest phase, starting with melt in metagranites and followed by micas in metasedimentary rocks, seems to control the progressive localization and broadening of the crustal scale shear zone during clockwise P-T-t path. Our results suggest that H2O-fluid-saturated melting of metagranites has a first order rheological impact on the birth and growth of the orogen scale shear zone in the lower continental crust.


The manner and timing of neural fold fusion in primary neurulation were studied in 1,575 normal ICR mouse embryos by using binocular dissecting, light, and scanning electron microscopy.


Objective To study the model of denaturation of lysozyme induced by urea.Methods The data were determined by the spectrofluorometer and then were analysed by "phase diagram" method of fluorescence.Results With the increase of urea concentration,maximum wavelength from 336 nm moved to the vicinity of 340 nm.At pH 4.16,urea concentration of 6.0 mol·L-1,the maximum wavelength appeared obvious red shift.But,at pH 7.00,urea concentration of 7.0 mol·L-1,the maximum wavelength appeared obvious red shift.The conformational transition from the native state to a partially folded intermediate of this protein occurs in the range of urea concentration(0.0-5.0 mol·L-1),the transition from the intermediate to the unfolded state of this protein occurs in the range of urea concentration(5.0-8.0 mol·L-1).Conclusion The denaturation of lysozyme induced by urea follows a typical three-state model.


Copolymerization of ethylene with 1-hexene was carried out using two ansa-fluorenyl titanium derivative complexes. The substituent effect on the catalytic activity, monomer reactivity ratio and polymer property was investigated. It was found that the presence of t-Bu groups on fluorenyl ring exhibited remarkable catalytic activity and produced polymer with high molecular weight. However, these catalysts produce polymer with narrow molecular weight distribution, indicating the characteristic of single-site metallocene catalyst. Based on C NMR, we can observe that monomer reactivity ratio was affected by catalyst structure. The rH values of complex 2 were lower than that of complex 1 which might be result from the higher steric hindrance leading to a reduction of 1hexene insertion step. Keywords—Constrained geometry catalyst, linear low density polyethylene, copolymerization, reactivity ratio


An apparatus and a method for analyzing a histogram of an image and a luminance correction apparatus are provided to be adapted to a mobile device which has relatively insufficient calculation performance. A histogram analyzing part(20) calculates a histogram by using all pixels of an input image, divides the input image into blocks of preliminarily set pixels, calculates a histogram by using a representative pixel of each of the blocks, checks whether properties of the calculated histograms satisfy preliminarily set sameness criteria, and calculates a histogram of the input image by using the representative pixel if the histograms satisfy the sameness criteria. A luminance correction function generating part(11) obtains cumulative distribution of the histogram of the input image and generates a mapping function for luminance correction based on the cumulative distribution. A mapping part(13) corrects a luminance value of the input image in accordance with the mapping function.


The function of the REV7 gene is required for DNA damage‐induced mutagenesis in budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and is therefore thought to promote replication past sites of mutagen damage in the DNA template. We have cloned this gene by complementation of the rev7‐2 mutant defect, and determined its sequence. REV7 encodes a predicted protein of Mr 28 759 which is unlike any other protein in the NCBI non‐redundant protein sequence data base, and which is inessential for viability. The sequence of the 3·88 kb yeast genomic fragment containing REV7 has been deposited in Genbank accession number U07228.


In the present study, dissolution rates of PPHS films were measured in aqueous base solvents and in 4-methyl-2-pentanone (MIBK) using laser interferometry. Molecular weights from 6,000 to 100,000 were employed. The films (0.5 to 2 micrometers thick) were spun on silicon wafers from MIBK solutions and baked 1 hour at 160 degree(s)C. The most striking feature of dissolution behavior is the peculiar way in which rate varies with molecular weight. Below a molecular weight of about 20,000, the rate decreases with molecular weight as one might expect. Above 30,000, the rate in aqueous base is much higher and seems to be almost independent of molecular weight. The behavior in MIBK, while more conventional, shows some of the same features. Another feature found with PPHS that is not usual with other polymers is a decrease in dissolution rate with increased thickness. Conventional wisdom would predict that retained solvents (after baking) in thick films would accelerate dissolution compared to thin films. Moreover, the interferograms for thick films show no pronounced change in dissolution rate as the film dissolves. Baking conditions and the pH of the aqueous base developer also affect the dissolution behavior.


The α,β-dibromo ethers 2, in situ generated from the vinyl ethers 1 and bromine, react with the allylsilanes 3 in the presence of ZnCl2 to give the β-bromo ethers 4. Treatment of 4 with Na in diethyl ether yields 1,4-dienes 5 in 62–79% overall yield.


Objective To observe the therapeutic efficacy by endoscopic titanium-nickel memory alloy stent insertion for malignant obstructive jaundice.Methods 34 patients with malignant obstructive jaundice were treated by endoscopic titanium-nickel memory alloy biliary stent insertion.Results 33 out of 34(97.5%) patients successfully underwent endoscopic titanium-nickel memory alloy stent insertion and the serum total bilirubin content dropped after draining obviously.Conclusion Endoscopic titanium-nickel memory alloy stent insertion has high successful rate,security and reliable efficacy for malignant obstructive jaundice with less complication and can relieve bile duct obstruction also.


Koeppen K, Chapline C, Sato JD, Stanton BA. Nedd4–2 does not regulate wt-CFTR in human airway epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 303: L720–L727, 2012. First published August 17, 2012; doi:10.1152/ajplung.00409.2011.—The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), a Cl channel in airway epithelial cells, plays an important role in maintaining the volume of the airway surface liquid and therefore mucociliary clearance of respiratory pathogens. A recent study has shown that the E3 ubiquitin ligase Neural precursor cells expressed developmentally downregulated (Nedd4–2) ubiquitinates F508-CFTR in pancreatic epithelial cells and that siRNA-mediated silencing of Nedd4–2 increases plasma membrane F508-CFTR. Because the role of Nedd4–2 in regulating wild-type (wt)-CFTR in airway epithelial cells is unknown, studies were conducted to test the hypothesis that Nedd4–2 also ubiquitinates wt-CFTR and regulates its plasma membrane abundance. We found that Nedd4–2 did not affect wt-CFTR Cl currents in Xenopus oocytes. Likewise, overexpression of Nedd4–2 in human airway epithelial cells did not alter the amount of ubiquitinated wt-CFTR. siRNA knockdown of Nedd4–2 in human airway epithelial cells had no effect on ubiquitination or apical plasma membrane abundance of wt-CFTR. Thus Nedd4–2 does not ubiquitinate and thereby regulate wt-CFTR in human airway epithelial cells.


This study examines the most common video surveillance applications currently used by private entities in public spaces. Through literature review and content analysis (Leedy and Ormrod, 2005) the paper examines: monitoring, facial recognition, inclusion of video in larger databases, tracking, and security applications (Davis, 2005). Purported benefits of these technologies are aligned with potential privacy intrusions. A personal decision tool provides readers with a process to evaluate their own feelings about video surveillance and privacy. While the technology for video surveillance has been around since the 1950s (Beranek, 2005), a revolution in video surveillance systems is occurring with the advent of low-cost, high-resolution cameras, wireless network connectivity, and the transition from analog to digital technology, (Davis, 2005). With this transformation, a host of new software functionality has also appeared (Beranek, 2005) including Although this study pertains to private video surveillance, as a backdrop it is important to note that the Fourth Amendment of the United States constitution prevents the U. S. government from conducting unreasonable searches (U.S. Constitution); however, government video surveillance is permitted in public spaces when no reasonable expectation of privacy exists (Blitz, 2004). The U.S. Supreme Court has repeatedly affirmed that the expectation of privacy on public streets is unreasonable and therefore, in such cases, no search is being conducted (Slobogin, 2002). Cities such as Chicago, New York, and Washington DC are installing thousands of video cameras to monitor public spaces (Douglas, 2005; Kontzer, 2005). Moreover, the U. S. constitution does not prevent private persons from spying on one another in public (CQ Researcher, 2001). Coupled with other modalities available in the modern surveillance society including the collection of information from credit reports, credit cards, and even customer loyalty cards (Lyon, 2003), government and private parties now have an " opportunity Lasher-2 to amass an unprecedented amount of information about each of us " (Buderi, 2003). In 2005 alone, over 15 million video surveillance cameras were sold (Davis, 2005). Norman Siegel, of the New York Civil Liberties Union had observed five years earlier, " The explosion of video surveillance cameras around America has taken place without any public discussion about the pros and cons " (Marks, 2000). The purpose of this study is to document a selection of applications of private video surveillance conducted in public spaces and examine the effect of this type of surveillance on personal privacy as defined by Fourth Amendment privacy rights (U.S. …


Many estimation procedures are used in the provision of fisheries stock assessment advice. Most procedures use estimators that have optimal large-sample characteristics, but these are often applied...


In this paper we have theoretically investigated the time telescope that offers a function of pulse expanding. Time telescope, with features of high efficiency and near Fourier-transform limit, is constructed mainly by using nonlinear parametric conversions of chirped pulses. Based on both analytical and numerical studies, it is found that group-velocity mismatch of the nonlinear crystal plays an important role in temporal aberration and conversion efficiency, and the criteria for designing a near aberration-free telescope are summarized. Finally, it is experimentally demonstrated that a 70fs short pulse is expanded to a 60ps long pulse near Fourier-transform limit.


We present a methodfor simplifying the meshes produced as solutions to global illumination problems, reducing geometric complexity while retaining the perceived imagefidelity. The method has been applied to produce meshes of linearly, quadratically and cubically colour‐interpolated triangles. The goal of our work is to permit interactive rendering of more complex global illumination solutions through the application of simplification algorithms as well as the use of more powerful rendering primitives.


The effects of anisotropy upon elastic wave propagation along a fluid-filled cylindrical borehole are determined. The wave equation is solved in the frequency-wavenumber domain with a variational method, and the solution yields the phase velocities, group velocities, pressures, and displacements for the normal modes. These properties are studied for two cases: a transversely isotropic model for which the borehole has several different orientations with respect to the symmetry axis and an orthorhombic model for which the borehole is parallel to the intersection of two symmetry planes. The normal modes for these two cases show several significant effects which do not exist when the solid is isotropic or transversely isotropic with its symmetry axis parallel to the borehole: 1. The phase velocities for the quasi-pseudo-Rayleigh, both quasi-flexural, and both quasi-screw waves do not exceed the phase velocity of the slowest qS-wave. (The phase velocities of the leaky modes, which were not investigated, will exceed this threshold. ) 2. The two quasi-flexural waves have different phase and group velocities; the differences are greatest at low frequencies and diminish as the frequency increases. The two quasi-screw waves behave similarly. 3. The greater the difference between the phase velocities of the qS-waves, the greater the difference between the phase velocities of the quasi-flexural waves at all frequencies. The two quasi-screw waves behave similarly. 4. Near the limiting qS-wave velocity, the difference between the phase velocities of the two quasi-flexural waves is greater than that for the two quasi-screw waves.


We describe an evaluation tool used by teachers and researchers to study the impact of computer-mediated collaborative and communication technologies used in K-12 education. Standard usability engineering methods and tools focus on individual users at a single workstation. Networked collaborative systems, however, present the challenge of 701 E. Chocolate Avenue, Suite 200, Hershey PA 17033, USA Tel: 717/533-8845; Fax 717/533-8661; URL-http://www.idea-group.com INFORMATION SCIENCE PUBLISHING This chapter appears in the book, Development and Mangament of Virtual Schools: Issues and Trends, edited by Catherine Cavanaugh. Copyright © 2004, Idea Group Publishing. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of Idea Group Inc. is prohibited. multiple users interacting at a variety of times and places. We developed a Web forum tool to capture and display user critical incident reports and threaded discussions of these reports by users, evaluators and system developers. Our Collaborative Critical Incident Tool (CCIT) is effective at evoking detailed usability evaluation information, as well as reflective analysis of usability issues from diverse points of view among stakeholders in the system.


" There is a possible link between ACE2 expression, gut microbiota composition and COVID-19 severity. " . The following factors affect the susceptibility to and of the COVID-19 ACE2, the main entrance receptor of SARS-CoV-2 and the vital counterbalancing of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS); and gut microbiota, the diverse and dynamic microbial colonizers of the GI tract [2] . Here, discuss the correlation of ACE2 and gut microbiota with SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis concerning susceptibility to and severity of COVID-19.


Many scientists have been inspired by problem solving methods ooered by nature. Natural systems exhibit many interesting examples of complex behaviours with powerful capabilities for organization, coordination, labour division, collective regulation, etc. We propose in this paper a framework of mobile agents based on a indirect chemical-like communication medium for distributed problem solving and remote control. This distributed mechanism leads to an emergent and complex collective behaviour rooted into local interactions. After depicting the base of this approach, we describe the inner mechanisms of A.N.T. We also illustrate its eeciency with experiences and results.


Mitochondria are an alternative biocatalyst to microbes and enzymes in bioelectrochemical applications, including biosensors and biofuel cells. However, the bioelectrocatalytic mechanism is not well understood and there are contradictory reports in the literature. The electrochemical communicating species for mitochondria has previously been reported to be ubiquinone, cytochrome c, or cytochrome c oxidase. In this paper, it is determined that the primary electrochemical communicating species in mitochondria is ubiquinone by comparing yeast wild-type and mutants without cytochrome c and cytochrome c oxidase. The electrochemical results compared healthy and unhealthy yeast mitochondria, as established by a Seahorse oxygen consumption assay. Healthy mitochondrial electrochemical response increased by 20 ± 7% for reduction and 51 ± 3% for oxidation while unhealthy mitochondrial response increased3 ± 50%forreductionand39 ± 3%foroxidationwhenuncoupledwithDNP.Theseresponsesprovideabetterunderstanding of mitochondrial systems in vitro and their relationship to in vivo systems as well as insights into the mechanism of electrochemical response.©TheAuthor(s)


Homeland Security applications require spectroscopic remote sensing. Contract work has indicated the potential for sampling into a Cavity Ring Down based spectroscopic sensor. Potential contamination issues have led to the development of a frustrated total internal reflection, surface absorption technique to protect the cavity finesse. Autonomous vehicle power, weight and dimensional limitations require the reduction of cavity baseline.


How do policymakers in democratic nations mobilize support for hard-line strategies? Existing answers to this question emphasize the exaggeration of external threats. Yet this overlooks an important dilemma: because democratic citizens expect their leaders to explore peaceful solutions or less aggressive alternatives when foreign dangers are ambiguous, the same conditions that make threat inflation necessary also make it difficult to employ successfully. To mobilize support for hard-line measures when the public wants its leaders to demonstrate restraint, policymakers may therefore attempt to shift blame onto an adversary by using "counterfeit diplomacy." Specifically, democratic leaders may adopt more cooperative or less coercive options than they believe are necessary, but which they anticipate will fail. This approach can be a risky one, however, because an opponent might accept a nation's demands, accede to its conditions, or offer counterproposals in the hope of diffusing support for more confrontational measures.


A long-running debate about the relative primitiveness or modernity of the economy of the Greek and Roman world was re-invigorated between the 1960s and 1980s.l M. I. Finley remained sceptical about archaeological evidence/ but K. Hopkins (1980) saw its potential for testing his model of the Roman economy. Since then, archaeological fieldwork has generated growing quantities of potential economic evidence, especially from the Mediterranean core of the Roman empire, and the scope for its interpretation has been increased by books with much wider perspectives.3 Economic aspects of the empire were included in the new edition of CAH XI,4 and a volume of the Cambridge Ancient Economic History covering this period is in preparation. Such publications demonstrate the need for a critical understanding of material evidence that goes well beyond my book The archaeology of the Roman economy (1986).5 This paper will include a consideration of the first theoretically-reflexive Roman archaeologist, R. G. Collingwood, before examining the diverse themes which pottery has been expected to illuminate over the last two centuries. I will then examine methods used in extracting economic interpretations from raw archaeological data, and look closely at model-building and the concept of 'proxy evidence'. Examples of the use of ceramic data for economic interpretation in recent volumes of Britannia, JRA and the specialist ceramic periodical Acta Rei Cretariae Romanae Fautorum (ActaRCRF) will be examined before I suggest possible ways forward. 6


This article succinctly describes all of the aspects of supply chain in the Indian setting and various supply chain management strategies. It also sheds light on how a new business model, such as fast commerce, is likely arise in the near future following the Covid 19 epidemic.


The impact of smoothing method on the performance of a direct drive target is modeled and examined in terms of its &mode spectrum. In particular, two classes of smoothing methods are compared, smoothing by spectral dispersion (SSD) and the induced spatial incoherence OSN meth~. It iS found that SSD wing sinusoidal phase modulation (FM) results in poor smoothing at low &modes and therefore inferior target performance at both peak velocity and ignition. Modeling of the hydrodynamic nonlinearity shows that saturation tends to reduce the difference between target performance for the smoothing methods considered. However, using SSD with more generalized phase modulation results in a smoothed spatial spectrum, and therefore target performance, which is identical to that obtained with the ISI or similar method where random phase plates are present in both methods and identical beam divergence is assumed.


Background: The success of E-Business brings the highlight to websites as a tool to interact between company and customer. And recent studies indicate that quality of the website becomes something to be concern for company. Just like Huang pointed out that if company wants to build loyalty from their customer to get customer retention, one of much aspect that has to be noticed is the service quality from website.Objective: This study examines quality of website, such as Lazada. Website that author used in this research, to see what quality that website has and what the importance of that quality has. Methods: This study used Webqual 4.0 methodology to evaluate the website quality and see the importance of that quality using IPA (Importance Performance Analysis) to see how Lazada maintain that user expectations.Results: From three dimension that Webqual 4.0 provide for this research and total of 124 students as sample this research, authors found that all of three has significance result to satisfied customer with specific aspect on facilities, menus and contents from the website.Conclusion: Average respondent from students Bunda Mulia University was satisfied with the facilities, menus and contents in the web both from the value of all respondents and each research variable. The existing results from website user can be used as feedback on evaluation and development of Lazada website to be more accommodating to the wishes and in accordance with the expectations of website users.


AbstractThe evolution of convective storms over the Black Hills, an isolated mountain ridge in South Dakota and Wyoming and a regional convection hotspot, is investigated using a 10-yr observational climatology and quasi-idealized numerical simulations. Radar-observed diurnally forced mountain-convection events are classified according to their maximum cell-track length and duration, which are quantified using an automated cell-tracking algorithm. Environmental conditions during these events are obtained from operational radiosonde and model-analysis data. These data suggest that mountain-forced convective cells generally struggle to survive in the convectively inhibited flow downwind of the Black Hills. Those cells that do survive downwind prefer environments with strong bulk vertical shear over the 0–6-km layer, which favors organized multicellular or supercellular convection. Under slightly weaker shear, the cells tend to dissipate rapidly as they propagate downwind. Relatively weak winds aloft, when c...


In the 1980s, the "red border town," as Potsdam was called then, was a center of the East German left-wing punk and skinhead movement; as a countermovement it soon became a location for right-wing extremist violence and counter-violence. To confront right-wing organizing, Antifa groups were established in Potsdam and other towns nearby, bringing the taboo topic of neo-Nazism as a social problem to the public's attention. Initially, the SED state tried to downplay the confrontations as typical conflicts between youth groups; however, the newly founded Antifa groups were openly criminalized from the start. This course of action led to protests by both the left-wing alternative scene and the political civil rights movement. In memorandums and practical political actions, the Antifa groups fundamentally criticized the state, its failure to mold a socialist people, its militarization of society, and the state-enforced consensus of silence. In 1989, this critical approach became a part of the revolutionary, pro-democratic protest and reform movement, and Potsdam's anti-Nazi League itself became an active factor of local revolutionary upheaval, a factor that has been largely ignored by research as well as memorial culture. This article uses the city of Potsdam as an example of how communication—a democratic process in itself—between subcultures and information transfer occurred between the center and periphery, that is, socialist capital, district town and surroundings. In addition, the article will also analyze the Antifa movement as a political and urban phenomenon of town environments and follows the question as to which locations the confrontations arose and why.


The Benigraph seafloor mapping system is an integrated system for hydrographic surveying, pipeline inspection, etc. The system consept is modular including fish positioning, high frequency scanning sonar, data storage and presentation, and a fish with cable and handling equipment and can be used with any accurate surface positioning system. The Benigraph will measure the bottom topography with a resolution of 5 cm in depth and 20 cm in the horizontal plane under typical operational conditions.


In this paper, a dual-polarized wideband Vivaldi antenna for 5G base stations is presented. Dual-polarization is achieved with two perpendicularly Vivaldi elements. Finally, this element is introduced into a lower band element which covers the 690-960MHz band. The 81mm*99mm Vivaldi antenna achieves a bandwidth of 1.4-3.8GHz for return losses of < −10dB and isolation below -30dB. Symmetric radiation pattern with beamwidths of 60° ± 25° and gain higher than 7dB is obtained.


Combined wireless communication with USB thchnique, a new design for wireless data acquisition system based USB is presented in this paper. The system which consists of converter AD7874, RF transceiver nRF401, MCU 89C51 and USB controller PDIUSBD12 can replace the present complicated wiring and improve the anti-jamming performance and flexibility in data acquisition. The whole project includes the design of A/D converter and wireless USB interface circuit, the firmware of 89C51 and the application program of USB device.


Objective To analyze the epidemiological features and the influence factors of rabies in Zhuzhou,and to provide the scientific evidence for the field intervention.Methods The data of epidemic situation of rabies from 1980 to 2008 in Zhuzhou were collected and analyzed,and a case-control study was conducted to explore the influence factors of rabies,and the data were statistically analyzed with SPSS 12.0.Results Rabies epidemic areas were mainly located in the countryside of Zhuzhou.The result of Logistic regression analysis indicated that the number of wound,the deep of wound,the position of wound,and the patients receiving rabies vaccine injection were the principal factors related to rabies.Conclusions Timely receiving whole course and standard rabies vaccine is a useful method to protect people from getting rabies.


This paper explores the intercultural communication, cultural adjustment strategies and power relations between Finnish and Chinese representatives in the context of Chinese investment facilitation in Finland. The study is mostly based on interviews of individuals who work either for one of Finland's state agencies tasked with attracting investment or local government. When analyzing aspects of power, the paper's theoretical basis is the Positioning Theory of Harré (1991). Due to the phenomenon of 'rising China', the dominant discursive practice of the Finnish positioning is adaption to a communication and working style seen as typically Chinese. The results show the main aspects of Chinese culture, to which Finns see need of adjusting, are their distinct concepts of time, indirectness and overt


The influence of style-of-faulting on strong ground motions has been the subject of debate for some time. Although some controversy persists, the general consensus is that ground motions produced by reverse faults are higher than those produced by normal faults, whereas motions from strike-slip faults are somewhere in between. In a recent article, Convertito and Herrero (2004) derived a correction factor for focal mechanism to be applied to predictive equations. This issue was previously addressed by Bommer et al. (2003). Although this article is cited by Convertito and Herrero, it seems that its aims and scope were not well understood, and we would therefore like to clarify what the method presented therein entails, especially because we feel that Convertito and Herrero's approach of characterizing focal mechanisms based solely on the radiation pattern is difficult to justify...


This paper proposes a model-based index for quantifying capability deprivation using multiple indicators for multiple dimensions. The proposed index, derived from a structural latent variable model, is a 'two-level' index which can be interpreted as a measure of the lack of freedom to achieve a minimal set of functionings. Applying our methodology to data on the two dimensions of knowledge and living conditions for Bolivian children, we find that deprivation is more intense among girls than boys and in rural areas, and the gender gap is slightly higher in the knowledge domain. Due to its model-based nature, our index enables us to identify the key explanatory factors of deprivation: in particular, parental education in the case of knowledge, and income level and economic diversification for living conditions. Comparison with traditional functionings-based measures confirm that outcome deprivation is different from choice-deprivation.


Analytical Methods Several analytical methods, such as chromatography, spectrophotometry, electrode and chemiluminescence measurements, among other techniques for detecting and quantifying pesticides in different environments were published last year. Extraction Techniques. A literature review of the major developments of liquid-phase micro-extraction (LPME) together with chromatography and capillary electrophoresis was presented by Lambropoulou and Albanis (2007). Optimization parameters, advantages and disadvantages, and the potential of LPME in pesticide —————————


BACKGROUND Dengue virus (DENV) can infect and replicate in monocytes, resulting in antibody-dependent enhancement. The liver is the main target of DENV, and the infection mechanisms of DENV include direct cytopathic effects (CPEs) of the virus, mitochondrial dysfunction, and effect of cellular and humoral immune factors in the liver. This study was aimed to explore the infectivity of DENV and viability of human hepatocytes using Huh 7it-1 cells cocultured with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). METHODS Huh 7it-1 cells were infected with dengue virus serotype-2 (DENV-2) New Guinea C strain at multiplicity of infection of 0.5 and 1 FFU/cell, and cocultured in vitro with and without adherent PBMCs. The infectivity of DENV was assessed by immunoperoxidase staining. The viability of Huh 7it-1 cells was assessed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT, a tetrazole) assay and trypan blue staining. Data were statistically analyzed by Shapiro–Wilk and analysis of variance for normality significances. RESULTS The result showed that addition of PBMCs to DENV-2 infected Huh 7it-1 cells decreased the infectivity of DENV (15–37%). DENV-2 infection decreased the viability of Huh 7it-1 cells (15.5–20.8%). Despite the decrease in infectivity of DENV, the addition of PBMCs increased the Huh 7it-1 cells viability (4.5–10.2%). CONCLUSIONS Addition of PBMCs to Huh 7it-1 cells that are infected with DENV-2 decreased the infectivity of DENV and increased Huh 7it-1 cells viability.


Abstract : This thesis describes the development and evaluation of a novel system called the Network Attack Characterization Tool (NACT). The NACT employs digital signal processing to detect network intrusions, by exploiting the Lomb-Scargle periodogram method to obtain a spectrum for sampled network traffic. The Lomb-Scargle method for generating a periodogram allows for the processing of unevenly sampled network data. The spectrum is examined to determine if features exist above a significance level chosen by the user. These features are considered an attack, triggering an alarm. Two traffic statistics are used to construct the time series over which the periodogram analysis is accomplished. These two statistics are packet inter-arrival time and payload size. Three specific attacks from this data set are examined; the Processtable attack, the Dictionary attack and the Teardrop attack. Of the three attacks the NACT was able to detect the Processtable attack with an accuracy of 100%. The Dictionary and Teardrop attacks were also detected with 100% and 85% accuracies respectively. This success in detecting these attacks establishes that digital signal processing methods can be a successful technique for network intrusion detection.


BackgroundAcute and chronic stresses affect the salivary glands which are the source of plasma BDNF during stressful conditions. Pumpkin is a medicinal plant with an evident antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and potential antidepressant effects. This work was conducted to assess the impact of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) on the structure of albino rats' salivary glands and evaluate the role of pumpkin extract (Pump) in ameliorating this effect. MethodsFour groups (n=10 each) of male albino rats included in this study; the control, CUMS, CUMS+fluoxetine and (CUMS+Pump). Corticosterone, pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α & IL-6) and the oxidant/antioxidant profile were all assessed in the serum. BDNF mRNA level was measured in the salivary glands using qRT-PCR. Histopathological changes of the salivary glands were also assessed. ResultsDepression was confirmed behaviorally and biochemically. Exposure to CUMS significantly (p< 0.001) up-regulated the level of serum corticosterone. CUMS induced degenerative changes in the secretory and ductal system, atrophy of acini and increased apoptosis of the acinar and ductal cells. Both fluoxetine and Pump significantly up-regulated (p<0.001) BDNF expression in the salivary glands and ameliorated the CUMS-induced histopathological alterations in the salivary glands. Pumpkin significantly (p<0.001) increased the serum levels of antioxidant enzymes SOD, GPX and CAT and reduced the serum levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6.ConclusionPumpkin ameliorates chronic stress-induced depression in rats by exerting a promising anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-depressant-like effects in rats exposed to CUMS. Pump subsequently improved stress-induced structural changes in the salivary glands that might be due to the glands up-regulation of BDNF expression.Trial registrationNot applicable.


HETEROGENEOUS SYSTEM DESIGN PROBLEM Most organizations do not develop systems from scratch. Instead, to deal with economic constraints, organization demands, and customer needs, they often: a) identify possible problems that represent customer demand [10, 16], b) consider which possible technologies are useful to address these problems, e.g. commercial off-the-shelf software (COTS) [8] or open source software [12], c) select which problems to address, and d) implement a project to solve these problems. The initial choices for problem selection, in turn, involve a process of balancing and negotiating requirements from multiple sources [11, 13, 14, 17].


This study aimed to examine the effect of pedagogic competence and motivation to work on teacher performance with the mediation of job satisfaction studies in the Teacher Elementary School in the District Education Office UPT Gringsing, Batang. In this study, the research object is the entire elementary school classroom teachers with the status of civil servants. The entire population of data is grade teacher primary school in the District Education Office UPT Gringsing, Batang numbering 125 people as respondents. Analysis of data using multiple regression method. Techniques of data collection using questionnaires. While the techniques to test if the data validity, reliability testing, test assumptions, multiple regression, F-test, determination test and t test. The results showed that: pedagogical effect on job satisfaction,  work motivation effect on job satisfaction,  pedagogical influence on the performance of teachers,  motivation to work has no effect on teacher performance,  job satisfaction affect the performance of teachers,  job satisfaction does not mediate pedagogical competence influence on teacher performance,  job satisfaction mediates the effect of job motivation on teacher performance. Key Words: Pedagogical Competence, Work Motivation, Job Satisfaction, Teacher Performance.


Systematic research concerning synthetic polymers requires an understanding of molecular-level influences on macroscopic behavior. Chemical structure, morphology, orientation, and chain dynamics, which are known to have important effects on bulk material properties, have all been characterized by various forms of molecular spectroscopy. Despite such efforts, we do not have a complete understanding of the relationship between macroscopic and microscopic properties. Two general problems remain: (1) the requirement of special sample preparation for many types of spectroscopy; and (2) the limited scope of common spectroscopic techniques. Differences in sample preparation, variations in sensitivity, and ambiguities in interpretation combine to complicate the study. Recently developed NMR techniques for high-resolution in solids have demonstrated the potential to solve such problems in many cases. This review focuses on the high-resolution NMR techniques developed for 13C, the nucleus of most general interest for organic polymers. The experimental procedures are explained briefly and the provision of new information in various areas of polymer science by 13C NMR solids is discussed. Specific examples are used and some indication of future potential is presented.


Environments for Aging is a comprehensive three-day experience, during which attendees and presenters will explore and share new ideas for creating attractive and functional living environments that meet the needs of our aging population. Organized by: Vendome Group and The Center for Health Design lien


In the paper there are questions of use method of experiments planning for the analysis and optimization of dynamic and mass parameters of the brushless DC electric motor DB80-2200-12 intended for the electric drive of flaps and slats EPPZ-334 of new passenger aircraft TU-334.


Abstract Reproductive and population parameters of melon flies, Bactrocera cucurbitae Coquillett, oriental fruit flies, B. dorsalis Hendel, and Mediterranean fruit flies, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), were measured in environmental chambers maintained at temperatures of (maximum:minimum) 24:13, 24:24, 29:18, and 35:24 ± 1°C. Alternating temperature regimes more realistically approached the variation found in nature and produced higher parameters than an optimal constant temperature (24°C). Intra- and interspecific comparisons were done with 4 separate generations of wild fruit flies reared on a common natural host. All species attained their highest intrinsic rates of population increase at 29:18 or 35:24°C; C. capitata exhibited the highest intrinsic rates of increase at all temperature regimes. All species attained maximum net reproductive rates at 29:18°C, in the order C. capitata > B. dorsalis > B. cucurbitae. The 35:24°C regime caused reductions in net reproductive rates of all species, with B. dorsalis affected most strongly. Male longevity was greater than that of females for all species in all temperature regimes. Two distinctly different life history patterns were evident: (1) early reproduction, short life span, and a high intrinsic rate of increase (C. capitata), and (2) later onset of reproduction, longer life span, and a lower intrinsic rate of increase (B. cucurbitae).


Ray-tracing simulations are used to identify the demands for angular homogeneity of the white light emitted from phosphor-converted white light-emitting diodes having color conversion elements (CCEs) of constant thickness. The simulations reveal that a constant thickness of the CCE by itself is not sufficient for a homogeneous white light emission. Rather the height and the broadness of the CCE as well as the phosphor concentration have to be precisely adjusted in order to assure a homogeneous white light emission.


Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of radiotherapy combined with brucea javanica oil emulsion on brain metastasis.Methods:Thirty-four brain metastasis patients were treated with 6MV X irradiation.All patients received total brain DT 30-40Gy/15-20F,most patients were added 10-20Gy/5-10F on tumor bed,and combined with brucea javanica oil emulsion 20ml 1 time a day,1 curative period of 30 days when radiation.Results:The total effective rate(CR+PR) was 88.2%,and live quality was improved.Conclusion:Radiotherapy combined with brucea javanica oil emulsion can relieve symptoms of brain metastases and improve the quality of live of patients.


The Opalinida comprise ciliated protists that live as intestinal endoparasites in poikilothermic vertebrates. They are classified as one group of colourless Stramenopiles, the Opalinata, along with Proteromonadida (Proteromonas and Karotomorpha). The validity of certain opalinid genera is questionable, and their genetic relationships remain unclear. In this study, we conducted complete ribosomal DNA gene sequencing of nine opalinid species (belonging to Opalina, Protoopalina, Zelleriella, and Cepedea) from China. We compared the primary sequences, secondary structures, and characteristics of short tandem repeats within the expansion segments of the sequences. Additionally, a TimeTree analysis was performed to estimate divergence times. Our findings suggest that opalinids diverged from proteromonads ~250–220 Mya, with Protoopalina being the ancient genus. There is no genetic evidence supporting the differentiation of Cepedea and Bezzenbergeria as distinct genera, and they have been synonymized: Opalina (= Cepedea) and Protoopalina (= Bezzenbergeria); new combinations of species names are listed. Opalinid rDNA sequences exhibit greater length compared with other groups owing to A-T insertions within the expansion segments. These insertions consist of short tandem repeats and appear to be associated with speciation events that led to genus differentiation.


This article explores the geography of public libraries in the United States. The distribution of libraries is examined using maps and spatial statistics to analyze spatial patterns. Methods for delineating and studying library service areas used in previous LIS research are modified and applied using geographic information systems to study variations in library accessibility by state and by socio-economic group at the national level. A history of library development is situated within the broader economic and demographic history of the US to provide insight to contemporary patterns, and Louis Round Wilson's Geography of Reading is used as a focal point for studying historical trends. Findings show that while national library coverage is extensive, the percentage of the population that lives in a library's geographic service area varies considerably by region and state, with Southern and Western states having lower values than Northeastern and Midwestern states.


MPEG-4 video consists of various video objects, rather than frames, allowing a true interactivity and manipulation of separate arbitrary shape object. Software-based encoding of MPEG-4 video objects can be carried out by using parallel processing with efficient scheduling scheme to speedup the computation. In this paper, we propose two dynamic scheduling algorithms which have different scheduling costs and performance levels. The algorithms assign the multiple video objects encoding tasks to the cluster of workstations with proper load balancing. The algorithms allow user on-line interactions and perform the concurrent encoding on the video objects to achieve real-time speed. The experimental results, while showing real-time encoding rates, exhibit tradeoffs between load balancing, overhead scheduling cost and global performance.


Abstract A fatal syndrome occurring more commonly in low-mouthed ewes of all breeds with twin lambs at foot, 2 to 3 weeks after lambing and under nutritional stress, is described. Treatment of affected ewes was generally unsuccessful, but prevention of further serious losses was achieved by supplementary feeding, preferably with lucerne hay.


Over the past years, risk management has been embedded in all public administration and scholars have asserted the need to improve the research about it. This paper aims to understand if an insurance broker has a role in the public administration risk management system, analysing the relationship between the operational risk management activities and control systems in the public administration and the evolution of the insurance broker as a risk consultant. Finally, through a content analysis, this study presents an observation about 331 municipalities from the Emilia-Romagna to understand how many municipalities can have an insurance broker as a partner.


In "Can Frege Pose Frege's Puzzle?", Stavroula Glezakos argues that Frege's puzzle about the cognitive significance of identity statements does not have the status of a genuine problem of semantics. The puzzle arises only on the condition that Frege's specific solution of the puzzle is accepted. From this she concludes that Frege cannot really pose his puzzle. Neither Non-Fregeans nor Fregeans should be puzzled by it. The aim of this paper is to show that Glezakos' deflationary assessment of the puzzle cannot be sustained. It is argued that Frege's puzzle does not refer to the semantic analysis of natural language, as Glezakos and also Howard Wettstein assume, but to the construction of a semantic interpretation for the language of science that allows us to communicate our cognitive acts and attitudes in an adequate way. So understood, the puzzle has the status of a genuine problem whose solution is a key problem of semantics.


With faster technologies like SiC and GaN, the transient behavior of switching power devices, modules, and systems becomes increasingly important. The presented methodology uses Transmission Line Pulsing to extract the large-signal transient characteristics of power devices and involved parasitics from their nanosecond pulse response on package and board level.


When using SLS rapid prototype machines to manufacture components, as the preheating temperature of the uneven distribution of powder bed, it will influence the performance of components. Through the finite element simulation to the preheating temperature field of the powder bed, the paper proved that it is a possible way to improve the temperature field by increases the heat source in the powder bed theoretically. Research showed that improving the uniformity of the powder bed through temperature compensation can improve the quality of components. Finally, the theory was verified by the experiments.[Ch,6 fig.1 tab.10 ref.]


Many laboratories have been involved in the development of electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion source for linear accelerators all over the world. The superconducting magnets for the 28-GHz ECR ion source consist of a Hexapole Coil and four Solenoid Coils. The Solenoid Coils produce an axial mirror magnetic field, and the Hexapole Coil produces a radial magnetic field. In this paper, the specifications of the superconducting magnets for the 28-GHz ECR ion source are deduced by using the finite-element method (FEM) to perform simulations. The research presents the result of analyses on the magnetic field and the electromagnetic force of the superconducting magnets for the ECR ion source for different the conditions of the Inner Yokes. The design of the Inner Yokes for a Hexapole Coil is performed to enhance the characteristics of the radial magnetic field and to lower the operating current level.


Recently student portfolio is widely used as an evaluation method for self-directed performance in engineering education of the university. Especially, as many of the Innovation Centers for Engineering Education and ABEEK held student portfolio competitions, a lot of students in engineering college participate in student portfolio includes the contents and careers of the entire process of university. However, except for courses related to capstone design, there are few regular courses applied to Learning Portfolio in engineering education. Through using Learning Portfolio in courses, students take opportunities of organized collection of learning contents and critical reflection. Under these background study, the regular course in engineering education is may be appropriate for using Learing Portfolio in lecture. In this paper, we present the case study for the Data Structure course opened in the first semester of 2013 which is organized as a Learning Portfolio. According to the results of applying Learning Portfolio to the regular course, it turns out that learners can develope self-directed learning ability in exploring the learning process, and manage a learning process systematically through self-reflection in learning process.


A novel solid-state extrusion methodology for recycling poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) was proposed. WAXD and DSC showed that, compared with conventional melt extrusion method, the recycled PET via solid-state extrusion was less degraded and possessed a 10 % higher degree of crys-tallinity and more uniform crystallites.


In the early stages of maturity of a system built for a specific function, it is common for the solutions to lie in a broad architectural space, in which numerous concepts are being developed, buil...