Population and community ecology traditionally has a very strong theoretical foundation with well2 known models, such as the logistic and its many variations, and many modification of the classical LotkaVolterra predator-prey and interspecific competition models. More and more, these classical models are 4 confronted to data via fitting to empirical time-series, from the field or from the laboratory, for purposes of projections or for estimating model parameters of interest. However, the interface between mathematical 6 population or community models and data, provided by a statistical model, is far from trivial. In order to help empiricists make informed decisions, we here ask which error structure one should use when 8 fitting classical deterministic ODE models to empirical data, from single species to community dynamics and trophic interactions. We use both realistically simulated data and empirical data from microcosms 10 to answer this question in a Bayesian framework. We find that pure observation error models mostly perform adequately overall. However, state-space models clearly outperform simpler approaches when 12 observation errors are sufficiently large or biological models sufficiently complex. Finally, we provide a comprehensive tutorial for fitting these models in R. 14 Introduction Studying biotic interactions, measuring their strength, correlations with other traits and understanding 16 consequences of these interactions for ecological systems is at the heart of scientific ecology. Biotic interactions are at the centre of classical questions in population ecology, such as density regulation 18 (e.g., Sibly et al., 2005), but also in community ecology, including modern coexistence theory (Chesson, 2000; Godwin et al., 2020) and beyond, such as host-parasite (epidemiological parameters) and trophic 20 interactions. Importantly, interaction strengths also provide a bridge between ecology and evolution as biotic interactions directly or indirectly determine fitness. Biotic interactions are therefore central to 22 eco-evolutionary dynamics and feedbacks (Yoshida et al., 2003; Hiltunen et al., 2014). As a consequence, correct estimations of biotic interaction strengths are of great importance, be it 24 using times series from the field (e.g., Sibly et al., 2005) or from laboratory systems (Rosenbaum et al., 2019). The strength of ecology in this context is its important and solid body of theory and the availability 26 of mechanistic models. As a consequence, researchers would like to fit these models to time series data to extract the relevant parameters (e.g., Godwin et al., 2020). This exercise is not always straightforward 28 as models often consist of (coupled) differential equations, such as classical models including logistic or other limited local population growth, Lotka-Volterra-type models for interspecific competition and 30 consumer-resource dynamics or SI-type epidemiological models. Fitting such models to data is possible via multiple approaches, ranging from "naive" trajectory 32 matching (e.g. Fronhofer and Altermatt, 2015) using nonlinear least-squares or Bayesian approaches (e.g. Nørgaard et al., 2021) to state-space models that allow to explicitly take into account observation and 34 process errors (for a recent overview, see Auger-Méthé et al., 2021). Ecologists and evolutionary biologists faced with these choices may often wonder what the pros and cons or these different approaches are, 36 especially given the varying degrees of complexity of these approaches and technical skills they may require. These decisions are not made easier as the questions include multiple dimensions of complexity, 38 such as frequentist versus Bayesian approaches, discrete-time versus continuous-time models, stochastic versus deterministic models and, finally, multiple error structures. 40 Importantly, these choices can impact scientific results and conclusions. For instance, Sibly et al. (2005) used a rather simple likelihood approach to fit the θ-logistic model to population census data. 42 The authors concluded that a large array of taxa exhibit similarly shaped density-regulation functions which has important applied consequences for conservation and management. However, Clark et al. 44 (2010) could show that these results are likely flawed due to likelihood ridges (parameter combinations of similar likelihood), a problem which could have been mitigated, for instance, using a Bayesian approach 46 with informed priors.


The Earth’s climate is regulated by the ocean, which absorbs, transports and releases heat through continuous exchanges with the atmosphere. In regional climate modelling, an increasing consensus has emerged on the added value of ocean-atmosphere coupled systems to allow for these exchanges, through interactive and realistic air-sea interactions. This coupling is controlled by the Sea Surface Temperature (SST), itself regulated by the capacity for the ocean component to store heat at depth.

We address here the question of heat storage and trend in the different depths of the Mediterranean Sea in a CMIP6 historical and SSP5-8.5 scenario with the Regional Climate System Model CNRM-RCSM6 driven by CNRM-ESM2-1 simulation. CNRM-RCSM6 is composed by ALADIN-Climate at a 12 km resolution for the atmosphere, with the interactive aerosol scheme TACTIC and the multi-surface model SURFEX v8, CTRIP at a 50 km resolution for the river routing with deep drainage, flood plains, and the lake parametrization FLAKE, NEMOMED12 at a 6 km resolution for the ocean, and OASIS3-MCT for a 1hr-coupling of the four models. The simulation begins in 1979 after 79 years of coupled spin-up, and a control simulation also exists.

We investigate the timing, location and magnitude of heat storage by the Mediterranean Sea. In particular, we assess the link between SST warming and vertical heat storage, and its possible seasonality. We illustrate the sensitivity of heat storage to salinity trends by comparing the western and eastern Mediterranean behaviours. Finally, we make use of an online heat trend diagnostic tool to characterize the dominant mechanisms of ocean heat storage in the Mediterranean Sea.


This paper addresses the creation of a precise mathematical model for a quadcopter, a type of UAV that can do vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL). The quadrotor's mathematical model is determined using the Newton and Euler equations. It is in state-space form for three-dimensional motions. This nonlinear model takes into account the aerodynamic effects and the dynamics of the rotor. It is sufficiently precise. The dynamics of the quadcopter is mainly based on two subsystems; namely the rotation subsystem and the translation subsystem. The translational subsystem depends on roll, pitch, yaw angles and translational state variables which makes it an underactuated system. The translational subsystem is underactuated since it is reliant on roll, pitch, and yaw angles, as well as translational state variables. The rotational subsystem is fully-actuated and only depends on the rotational states. Then, the elaboration and discussion of a nonlinear control approach to control the position and attitude of the quadcopter in space. The roll angle, pitch angle, yaw angle, altitude, and positions are all controlled by a Sliding Mode Controller (SMC). The simulation results of the SMC controller implementation on MATLAB/Simulink are provided.


In this paper, the electrical properities of boron and phosphorus doped polycrystalline silicon germanium (poly-Si!.xGex) films with Ge mole fractions up to 0.51 are presented. Resistivity, Hall mobility and effective carrier concentration as a function of Ge mole fraction are discussed. Decreasing with the increase of Ge mole fraction, the resistivity of boron doped poly-Sii.xGex film is substantially lower than that of equivalently doped poly-Si film due both to higher levels of boron activation and higher hole mobility. The resistivity of phosphorus doped poly-Sii.xGexfilm is similar to that of equivalently doped poly-Si film and decreases slightly for Ge mole fraction below 0.4, but increases considerably for higher Ge content (x>0.4) because of a significant reduction in phosphorus activation. To achieve the same resistivity, lower annealing temperature, as well as lower implant dose is required for boron doped poly-Si!.xGexfilm than for poly-Si film, which makes p-type poly-Sii_xGex film an alternative to p-type poly-Si film.


The traditional English situation simulation teaching system can only provide students with a unified English situation, which can not stimulate students' interest in learning, resulting in the poor effect of improving students' English ability. Therefore, an English situational simulation teaching system based on personalized recommendation is designed. Design the system hardware, configure the system server parameters, design the software part of the system, analyze the relevant functions of the system, and establish the teaching system database. Using collaborative filtering algorithm to design personalized recommendation module of teaching resources. According to the teaching plan, the simulation teaching situation is introduced to complete the design of the teaching system. Compared with the streaming media based situational simulation teaching system, it is proved that the application of personalized recommendation based teaching system can stimulate students' interest in English learning and improve their English ability.


Abstract 4896 Background: Primary Cutaneous T-cell Lymphomas (CTCLs) are a heterogenous group of lymphomas, as outlined in the WHO classification. Due to the rarity of CTCL, very few prospective randomized trials have been performed for this disease. EORTC consensus recommendations for the treatment of early CTCL have been published, but treatment of advanced stage disease remains largely empirical, based on small non-randomized, uncontrolled studies with uncertain response data and limited chances to affect clinical practice. Methods: The CTCL platform has been designed by the EORTC Cutaneous Lymphoma Task Force to address critical unadressed questions to move forward the standards of care of CTCL in advanced stage disease. It was built following a sequential approach. Following a European consensus defining the key clincial questions to improve disease control in CTCL, ideas regarding the biology of the disease and all possible emerging targets which may lead to a better understanding of the disease were explored. The candidate targets were selected and prioritized by their scientific and clinical relevance. The maturity and relevance of agents in development to tackle these pathways and targets were analyzed. Methodologically and statistically robust clinical trials were designed to allow the enrollment of patients through the evolution of their disease. Endpoints and translational research programs that could address and help identify mechanisms of action and clinical efficacy were also evaluated as to feasibility and scientific relevance. This comprehensive process lead to the design of early phase randomized trials on solid scientific grounds with the use of innovative drugs. Study protocol 21081 is a multicenter, randomized, open-label, phase III study and is suitable for patients who have not previously had other intravenous chemotherapy, and are therefore relatively treatment-naive. The accrual goal is 105 patients. The objective of this trial is to test the hypothesis that lenalidomide is able to increase progression free survival in patients achieving a complete (CR) or partial (PR) response after standardized debulking treatment. A sister protocol, 21082, is addressed to patients who have had previous chemotherapy. Patients in that study will be treated with the histone deacetylase inhibitor vorinostat, with or without the addition of the proteosome inhibitor bortezomib. The primary objective of this trial will be to determine if the combination of bortezomib plus vorinostat is more effective than a histone deacetylase inhibitor alone in terms of prolonging progression free survival. The presentation will address details of the disease biology which gave rise to these trials and the selection of innovative agents, the procedures of the strategy adopted and the challenges of designing methodologically valid trials addressing this rare disease. Disclosures: Ortiz-Romero: MSD: Consultancy; Ferrer: Honoraria.


Coal gangue separation is one of the important links in the process of coal mining. High gangue content will lead to low combustion efficiency of power plants and serious environmental pollution. Through field investigation and investigation, it is found that at present, most mines still use manual gangue separation. The dust in the coal preparation bunker is large and the light is dark. Long-term and high load work will not only harm the health of workers, It will also affect the sorting efficiency. Based on this, this paper proposes a deep learning target detection algorithm to replace manual gangue selection, but the target detection algorithm depends on a large number of coal and gangue images for training to achieve better robustness. In order to overcome the problem of small number of data sets and poor quality in the automatic sorting of coal gangue based on deep learning methods, the paper proposes an image expansion method based on Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Networks(DCGAN),which adds a feature fusion part to the generator network It is used to improve the diversity of the output image, and at the same time, the loss function is improved to Wasserstein distance to overcome the problem of the disappearance of the generator gradient. The experimental results show that the images generated by the improved DCGAN network have good performance in diversity and quality. The images generated by the improved DCGAN network increase the accuracy of coal gangue recognition by 5.87%.


SUMMARY This paper presents the results of some studies on the development and application of a finite element method (FEM) with a closed-form solution technique for time discretization. The closed-form solution is based on the eigenvalues/vectors of a coefficient matrix. The method is first applied to the one-dimensional linearized shallow water equations and then extended to the two-dimensional shallow water equations. An attempt is made to improve its efficiency by incorporating time splitting and using the closed-form solution technique only for linear terms. Some case studies of a rectangular channel and harbour are presented to illustrate the satisfactory working of the method. 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Int. j. numer. methods fluids 24: 953‐963, 1997.


The strategies aiming to improve sheep meat quality by optimizing the dietary feeding factors have to use field experiments on fattening lambs. This experiment used two groups of Teleorman Tsigai sheep fed on diets with alfalfa hay and compound feed. The compound feed for the experimental group included 20.4% rapeseeds, while in the compound feed for the control group it replaced also 20.4% of sunflower meal from the classical formulation. The rapeseeds were used because of their high level of unsaturated acids, mainly linolenic acid (9.32%) compared to just 0.21% in the sunflower meal. This supplement was found in a better ratio (6:1) in the meat of the fattening lambs compared to 17:1 in the classical formulation. This induced moderate increases mainly of the omega 3 and 6 (C18:3n6; C18:3n3) fatty acids, which have antioxidant action at the cellular level, implicitly on human health.


Objective:. At the age of children, it is necessary to fulfill balanced nutrition so that children can grow and develop optimally. The nutritional problem still occurs in children. The data from UNESCO (2020) shows that the number of children with stunting is 149,5 million. The aimed study to analyze the relationship between family roles, parenting culture, and stunting.Methods: This research used correlation analysis with a cross-sectional approach. The independent variable is the role of the family, and parenting culture, and the dependent variable is the incidence of stunting. This study's population was families with toddlers aged (1-5 years) at the Tragah Health Center. Sampling by means of cluster sampling is done based on the assumption that the characteristics of the subjects in each region are the same. In cluster sampling, the sampling unit is the hamlet in the village. The research sample was 42 familiesResults: Based on the results of statistical tests with chi-square, shows that there is a relationship between the role of the family and the incidence of stunting (p-value: 0.000) and there is a relationship between parenting culture and the incidence of stunting (p-value: 0.000).Conclusion: In addition to focusing on the role of family and parenting culture, there are factors that can be intervened to overcome stunting


Population stratification leads to a predictable phenomenon—a reduction in the number of heterozygotes compared to that calculated assuming Hardy‐Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE). We show that population stratification results in another phenomenon—an excess in the proportion of spouse‐pairs with the same genotypes at all ancestrally informative markers, resulting in ancestrally related positive assortative mating. We use principal components analysis to show that there is evidence of population stratification within the Framingham Heart Study, and show that the first principal component correlates with a North‐South European cline. We then show that the first principal component is highly correlated between spouses (r = 0.58, p = 0.0013), demonstrating that there is ancestrally related positive assortative mating among the Framingham Caucasian population. We also show that the single nucleotide polymorphisms loading most heavily on the first principal component show an excess of homozygotes within the spouses, consistent with similar ancestry‐related assortative mating in the previous generation. This nonrandom mating likely affects genetic structure seen more generally in the North American population of European descent today, and decreases the rate of decay of linkage disequilibrium for ancestrally informative markers. Genet. Epidemiol. 34: 674‐679, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Wireless power transfer is emerging as the preeminent way to charge electric vehicles, but there appears to be no fair way to measure power transfer. In this paper, transferpower measurement (TPM) is introduced. TPM employs non-contact sensing elements to measure magnetic field from wireless power transfer and calculate the real power propagating through space. TPM provides fair metering because individual losses from the transmitter and receiver are disaggregated. Signal and data processing as well as a calibration method are discussed. Experimental results demonstrate a fair method of metering the real transfer power with low estimation error. Fair metering incentivizes businesses and individuals to make choices that conserve energy and advance technology by providing more information and by properly assigning the financial loss.


The growth in volume of trade in manufactured goods and in diversity of suppliers of comparable products, especially in Asia, has led to a dramatic increase in competition. Quality and delivered cost remain critical components of competitive advantage and Bangladesh has been able to produce to international standards and deliver at international prices. However, so have most of its competitors. As a result, buyers now focus on reliability of supply and order cycle times. Bangladesh's competitors have used these as a means to gain competitive advantage. Lead times have always been critical for high-value goods and perishables, but have now become important for medium and low value goods where large-scale wholesalers and retailers seek to minimize inventories and reduce the risk of overstocking, while ensuring product availability. This is an area in which Bangladesh can make significant progress by reducing lead time for producers importing raw materials and shipping products as well as by increasing reliability in meeting fixed delivery times. Bangladesh has succeeded in improving logistics through modernization of customs clearance procedures, especially for exports and temporary imports. However, it has failed to improve the performance of its transportation system as rapidly as its neighbors. A large number of initiatives are proposed for improving the logistics services in Bangladesh. Their common objective is to reduce order cycles to match Bangladesh's competitors and increasing reliability so that scheduled door-to-door movements become the norm rather than the exception.


Swarm intelligence (SI) is the collective behavior of decentralized, self-organized systems, natural or artificial. The concept is employed in work on artificial intelligence. The expression was introduced by Gerardo Beni and Jing Wang in 1989, in the context of cellular robotic systems. SI systems consist typically of a population of simple agents or boids interacting locally with one another and with their environment. The inspiration often comes from nature, especially biological systems. The agents follow very simple rules, and although there is no centralized control structure dictating how individual agents should behave, local, and to a certain degree random, interactions between such agents lead to the emergence of "intelligent" global behavior, unknown to the individual agents. Examples in natural systems of SI include ant colonies, bird flocking, animal herding, bacterial growth, fish schooling and microbial intelligence. The application of swarm principles to robots is called swarm robotics, while 'swarm intelligence' refers to the more general set of algorithms. 'Swarm prediction' has been used in the context of forecasting problems. In the past few years there has been a lot of research on the application of swarm intelligence to the problem of adaptive routing in telecommunications networks. A large number of algorithms have been proposed for different types of networks, including wired networks and wireless ad hoc networks. In this paper we give an overview of this research area. We address both the principles underlying the research and the practical applications that have been proposed. We start by giving a detailed description of the challenges in this problem domain, and we investigate how swarm intelligence can be used to address them. We identify typical building blocks of swarm intelligence systems and we show how they are used to solve routing problems. Then, we present Ant Colony Routing, a general framework in which most swarm intelligence routing algorithms can be placed. After that, we give an extensive overview of existing algorithms, discussing for each of them their contributions and their relative place in this research area. We conclude with an overview of future research directions that we consider important for the further development of this field. Keywords— Boids, stigmergy, network routing protocols, swarm intelligence, ant net quality of services.


The invention discloses a pump(42) for a combustion engine(12). The pump may have at least one pumping member(56) movable through a plurality of displacement strokes during a single engine cycle. The pump may also have a controller(98) in communication with the pumping member. The controller may be configured to selectively reduce an amount of fluid displaced during at least one, but less than all of the plurality of displacement strokes. The reduction may be initiated in response to a demand for the displaced fluid.


Many cluster-based routing protocols had been proposed which had rarely considered the network security issues so far. The existing key management methods have imperfection when they combine with cluster-based routing protocols. Normally cluster-based key management method has better performance than the distributed key management method, but most of the layer-cluster key management methods do not consider the problem of key updating and being captured for cluster heads. Considering the nodes' capture probability, particle swarm optimization algorithm was used to optimize the clustering of sensor networks. A dynamic key management method was proposed to achieve key updating regularly and provided a security strategy for sensor networks to solve the problem of being captured for cluster heads. The simulation illustrates that the proposed key management method can achieve better security performance.


The study of the effect of periodic boundary condition is of primary interest to understand the maximum temperature of the wall and avoid overheating phenomena. Available computational fluid dynamic studies provide information on the effect of the local heat flux or local temperature. This study aims to understand the temperature and fluid flow distribution inside the cavity under such periodic thermal boundary conditions to avoid overheating phenomena. This study reports the numerical results of the natural convection inside an air-filled cavity with its horizontal walls insulated and its vertical walls at different thermal boundary conditions. The heat flux of the left wall and the temperature of the right wall are varied sinusoidally. The Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) is used to solve the governing equations with the related boundary conditions. The maximum temperature of the wall under the heat flux and the maximum stream function inside the cavity are investigated. Also, the effect of oscillation period on the maximum temperature of the left wall is studied. The results show that the maximum temperature of the left wall corresponds to the heat flux wavelength of 0.8. Moreover, the stream function value increases intensively by increasing the Rayleigh number.


The important effect of cave span, roof thickness and strength on the stability of cavern has been widely recognized, while the influence of geostress on the stability of karst cave is not yet clear. In order to explore the influence of geostress, this paper offers a numerical analysis program established on the basis of the geostress model and Coulomb-Navier yield criterion. The stability of karst cave under different geostress conditions is calculated respectively. And then, several beneficial results are produced from the analysis in order to facilitate decision making on the prevention and treatment of karst collapse. Finally, an engineering example is introduced to verify the validity of prediction.


Providing mixed potential sensor apparatus and method for measuring the total ammonia (NH The gas is first divided into two streams which are directed to two of the detection chamber. Each gas stream is adjusted by the particular catalyst system. In the first chamber, in some cases, at a temperature of at least about 600 ° C., gas, almost all of the ammonia is treated to be converted to NO In the second chamber, the gas is relatively low temperatures, preferably below 450 ° C. temperature, using a catalyst, so that most of the ammonia is converted into nitrogen (N Each gas is sensitive to NO Difference in reading of the two gas sensors can provide a measurement of the total NH The catalyst system also oxidize any unburned hydrocarbons such as CH


in the network time, the database security problems become issues that people can't ignore, people need to take a series of measures in the security of the database, to ensure the security of data information. This paper expounds the importance and strategy of database security from three aspects: security of database management system, network security and database security of cloud computing era.


BACKGROUND
The neutrophil fecal biomarkers, calprotectin (FCP) and lactoferrin (LCT), and peripheral blood neutrophil CD64 surface receptor (nCD64) are biomarkers for mucosal inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Although FCP has been evaluated as a biomarker for mucosal healing, cut points for LCT and nCD64 are less known. We aimed to identify the cut points for LCT and nCD64 that were associated with FCP remission, with a secondary aim to evaluate the relationship between biochemical outcomes and infliximab (IFX) trough concentrations.

METHODS
We analyzed FCP, LCT, and nCD64 before and after IFX induction in a pediatric Crohn's disease (CD) cohort study. Week-14 FCP biomarker remission was defined as FCP <250 µg/g, with clinical response defined as a weighted Pediatric Crohn's Disease Activity Index <12.5 or Δ>17.5 improvement. Predictive outcomes were calculated by receiver operating characteristics (ROCs).

RESULTS
Among 56 CD patients, ROC analysis identified an infusion 4 LCT <8.06 (area under the receiver operator characteristics [AUROC], 0.934, P < 0.001) and nCD64 <6.12 (AUROC, 0.76, P = 0.02) as the ideal cut points for week-14 FCP biomarker remission. End of induction IFX-trough of >9.4 µg/mL (AUROC, 0.799, P = 0.002) and >11.5 µg/mL (AUROC, 0.835, P = 0.003) were associated with a FCP <250 and FCP <100, respectively. We found patients achieving end of induction trough >5 µg/mL had a median FCP improvement (dose 1 to dose 4) of 90% compared with a median of 35% with levels <5 µg/mL (P = 0.024) with a similar median reduction in nCD64 (48% vs 20%, P = 0.031).

CONCLUSIONS
This study establishes cut points in neutrophil stool and blood biomarkers for both biochemical remission and therapeutic trough levels following induction therapy. Further studies that evaluate pharmacodynamic biomarker targets for endoscopic and histologic healing are warranted.


An authentication scheme is provided for securely establishing an association with a second device over a wireless communication link. A cryptographic key exchange is performed between a first device and a second device, wherein cryptographic information for the first and second device is obtained. The first and second devices may independently generate a confirmation value based on the cryptographic information. Each device may obtain a confirmation image based on their respective confirmation values. A confirmation image is uniquely associated with a confirmation value so that no two confirmation values can be associated with the same confirmation image. The images for both the first and second devices are provided to an operator for authentication. If the confirmation images are identical, an association between the first and second devices may be confirmed by the operator. Comparing confirmation images may increase the reliability of operator authentication and is more efficient than comparing values.


Polyethylene is characterized by molecular weight (MW), molecular weight distribution (MWD), and density. Melt index (MI2) is measured in the quality control (QC) lab and is used as an indication of resin MW. Melt flow ratio (MFR or MI20/MI2) is a calculated QC lab number, which is used as an indication of MWD. Density is a measure of crystallinity. This article shows that a capillary rheometer can provide a fast and reliable method on a production line to control MW and MWD by predicting MI2 and MI20 for a resin within specific ranges of density, melt index and equipment/catalysts.


The significance of spin-lattice coupling in the phase diagram of the quantum spin-icepyrochlore Tb2Ti2O7 has been a topic of debate for some time. Here, we focus on the aspect of vibronic coupling, which occurs between the Tb3+ electronic levels and transverse acoustic phonons, by studying their dependence on a magnetic field applied along the cubic h111i direction. Our experimental THz spectroscopy measurements, combined with quantitative theoretical quantum calculations, show that indeed vibronic effects are observed at 3 K. An analysis incorporating quadrupolar spin-lattice effects in the Hamiltonian is therefore relevant in this compound, which is no longer optically isotropic but magnetically birefringent.


This research is the result of a study about relationship between pop music development in Chile and sociopolitical context in post-dictatorship period regarding politicization/depoliticization. To this end, a sociohistorical characterization of chilean pop was outlined from secundary sources and, subsequently, a content analysis was realized of interviews to six artists consolidated in decade of 2010, in order to account politicization of their discourse and artistic work. It was discovered that pop arrises in the (80's) eighties as a way to create subversive and cosmopolitan sense coming from young groups in mass society. In the decade of the nineties, cooptation was tending among part of the record industry. Since that context, artists empower themselves throughout their work with independent productions and broadcastings, facilitated by new technologies. Actually, there is evidence of a growing problematization coming from pop musicians regarding their artistic work, which can be noted in the reflection they make around autonomy and selfmanagement of their broadcasting and collaboration networks.


Business process models in systems engineering describe authority, communications, procedures, flows of information and goods, capacity growth, etc. Within business process models, the information modeling method or IDEF1 describes attributes and relationships among entities of a system. Previous efforts introduced IDEF0 for risk identification. IDEF0 describes the activities of an organization, while IDEF1 describes the attributes of entities as a set of rules. This paper joins risk identification with entity attributes of the IDEF1 model with the aim to be more comprehensive in tracking sources of risk. The approach of the paper is an augmented IDEF1 model that identifies and tracks sources of risk as features of the model. The approach is demonstrated via three examples: (1) generic procurement process, (2) production tracking for raw materials, and (3) an authenticator and transmitter system. Future efforts will integrate other business process models, including IDEF 1X, 2,3,4, 5 etc., with risk identification. The results assist with risk management in systems acquisition, systems design and evaluation, systems testing, etc.


Chapter 1 Introduction Chapter 2 Does Alienation Have a Future? Recapturing the Core of Critical Theory Chapter 3 New Technologies and Alienation: Some Critical Reflections Chapter 4 Embodiment and Communication: Alienation, Genetics, and Computing. What Does It Mean to Be Human? Chapter 5 Authority Fetishism and the Manichaean Vision: Stigma, Stereotyping, and Charisma as Keys to Pseudo-Orientation in an Estranged Society Chapter 6 When Alienation Turns Right: Populist Conspiracism, the Apocalyptic Style, and Neo-Fascist Movements Chapter 7 Lonely Privilege in Despair: Aiming for Unfeigned Hope Chapter 8 Globalization, Alienation, and Identity: A Critical Approach Chapter 9 Alienation Incorporated: "F-- the Mainstream Music" in the Mainstream Chapter 10 The Final Indignity: The Commodification of Alienation Chapter 11 Alienation and the Cosmos Chapter 12 Alienated Communities: Between Aloneness and Connectedness Chapter 13 Loving Alienation: The Contradictions of Domestic Work Chapter 14 "Plain Talk": Producing and Reproducing Alienation


Purpose : To investigate the potential total and relative free-radical transfer from histones to DNA in X-irradiated chromatin, by analysing the relative contributions of individual radicals from protein and from DNA. Materials and methods : Chromatin was isolated from calf thymus, freeze-dried and either used as such or after equilibration at 76% relative humidity. A mixture of histones was purchased. Xirradiation was performed at 77K (liquid nitrogen). Data acquisition was on a Bruker ESP 380 ESR-spectrometer (X-band, 9.5GHz) and at high magnetic fields (285 GHz, Y-band, GHMFL Grenoble). Data analysis involved computer treatment of spectra. Results : Three components were isolated from an annealing series of histones and assigned to specific radicals (X-band). Chromatin revealed the existence of radicals from both DNA, as well as from the histone compartment. The presence of the oxidized guanine base, as well as the reduced cytosine and thymine bases from DNA at 77 K was confirmed by high-field ESR. Relative radical yields were determined by superposition of individual components from DNA and histones in order to give complete reconstructions of the experimental spectra of the annealing series. Conclusions : The relative yields of individual radicals in chromatin differ from those in histones or DNA, respectively. Their behaviour upon annealing is, on the other hand, not significantly changed. Since the total radical yield of DNA radicals is about two times higher in the chromatin complex than in pure DNA, the hypothesis of spin transfer from protein to DNA prior to radical stabilization at 77 K is substantiated.


Variables affecting the outcome of cooperative team efforts have garnered increased research attention in recent years. Of these variables, feedback may have one of the greatest effects. Questions, however, remain about what kind of feedback to give and to whom. Previous research has indicated that team members maximize those tasks for which they are given feedback. These gains appear to occur at the expense of other tasks for which no feedback is provided and sometimes result in reduced overall team performance. The current experiment investigated the differential effects of feedback in triads with different task distributions. The results of the study indicated that feedback given to team members who had to complete two tasks simultaneously resulted in tradeoffs: Team members optimized that task for which they received feedback, sometimes at the expense of the competing task. When the team members receiving feedback had no competing tasks, these tradeoffs did not occur. In contrast, feedback in this setup appeared to potentially improve performance not only on the task for which feedback was given, but on the competing task as well. A possible explanation is that in these cases, feedback reduced the communication and coordination demands and freed team resources that could be used to improve other tasks.


The confirmation of the improvement of endobronchial lesions in addition to that of vascular lesions after bronchial artery embolization of primary racemose hemangioma could be important.


This paper presents a new method of incorporating propagation models into wireless systems simulations. The multipath data for each transmitter-receiver pair in a realistic environment is calculated using the site-specific propagation modeling software developed at the University of Hawaii. Instead of fitting the multipath data into a statistical model, we directly use the data for the calculation of discrete channel impulse responses for each transmitter-receiver pair. The Doppler effects and the effects of pulse shaping filters on the calculation of discrete channel impulse responses are investigated. Finally, these channel impulse responses are employed in a CDMA system simulator to evaluate the output signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the corresponding bit error rate (BER).


In this paper, we have studied the axiomatics of {\it Ann-categories} and {\it categorical rings.} These are the categories with distributivity constraints whose axiomatics are similar with those of ring structures. The main result we have achieved is proving the independence of the axiomatics of Ann-category definition. And then we have proved that after adding an axiom into the definition of categorical rings, we obtain the new axiomatics which is equivalent to the one of Ann-categories.


The invention relates to a starting device of a gas turbine engine. The starting device comprises a stator, a starting turbine impeller and a gunpowder starting device. The starting turbine impeller is fixedly connected with a turbine rotor; the starting turbine impeller is provided with uniformly-distributed axial tensile blades; and a spraying nozzle body of the gunpowder starting device is provided with tangential spraying openings which are uniformly distributed in a manner of being opposite to the axial tensile blades on the starting turbine impeller. According to the starting device, an auxiliary piece transmission part is saved, the radial size is not increased and the starting device has the characteristics of small volume and light weight. Gunpowder can be used for one time to meet the characteristic of starting the gas turbine engine for a bullet for one time, and the actual use effect is good.


Abstract : The role of myocardial deterioration in the pathogensis of endotoxin (septic) shock is under serious consideration in both basic and clinical reports. The present collaborative study was devised to join together the expertise of several laboratories in the evaluation and correlation of cardiac performance, myocardial mitochondrial activity and ultrastructural morphology in the canine heart response to lethal endotoxin administration. Studies were conducted on adult animals in which both intack and isolated hearts were studied 4-7 hours post-endotoxin. Results demonstrated cardiac failure evidenced by markedly elevated left ventricular end diastolic pressure, while mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and energy production capacities, as measured in isolated mitochondria, were within normal ranges. Ultrastructural studies carried out on separate animals during the same time period after endotoxin revealed minimal mitochondrial edema formation together with moderate swelling of T-tubular structures.


Tuna Agencies and Programs, other international and national fisheries institutions including those of tuna fishing industry and universities Summary Since the Second FAO TAC meeting, changes affecting the fishing capacity of large longliners have been studied. Due to the efforts for capacity management by respective Government and industry, economical reasons, and through the competitions with small longliners and seiners, the number of longline vessels, their catches and the fishing capacity appear declining. In addition to the capacity control, the rising fuel cost, lowering fish product prices, and heavier competitions with other fishing fleets for limited tuna resources in the world are reducing the large longliners fishing capacity. The recommendations made at the second TAC meeting should be implemented for all the fleets. Particular concern is expressed on small longliners and purse seiners, the capacity of which seems to have been increasing in recent years.


LVDS system link structure and data transmission principle,LVDS standard receiver circuit,based on 65 nm digital CMOS process design to achieve a high-speed low-power LVDS receiver circuit.The simulation results show that the supply voltage of 2.5 V,the LVDS receiver with 2 Gbit·s-1 data transfer rate,average power consumption is 3 mW.


From the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Millard Fillmore Hospital, Buffalo, New York. Presented at Fifteenth Annual Meeting of the American College of Angiology, Las Vegas, Nevada, October 20-24, 1969. The axillofemoral artery bypass graft was first suggested in 1963 by Blaisdell and Hall' in this country and by Louw2~ of South Africa. It is a simple and safe method for revascularization of the lower limbs of patients deemed extremely poor risks. The operation may be performed with only local anesthesia in the critically ill patient, and is very well-tolerated. If the patient's condition improves markedly, the axillofemoral graft can be removed and a conventional type of bypass procedure be instituted. So far as could be ascertained from review of the available literature, the only series reported since those of the originators is that of Mannick and Nabseth4 in 1968. Of 19 procedures (including two bilateral) they listed 14 successful results with up to 22 months follow-up, and only one immediate failure. Most recently, Urdaneta et al.5 discussed a bilateral procedure, with a 35-month follow-up, in a rather complicated case of infected aorto-iliac bifurcation graft, and reviewed the literature on sepsis following the usual bypass procedures. Most commonly the patient complains of severe rest pain. Indications for the procedure are ischemia of the lower limbs in the arteriosclerotic patient in whom laparotomy is contraindicated, or in the presence of sepsis associated with previous intra-abdominal grafting procedures. Not only is the procedure well-tolerated, but the so-called temporary graft has remained patent in some reported cases for well over two years. However, not enough cases have been reported really to assess the latter factor. We do know that


St. Paisius Velichkovsky (1722–1794) is known above all as the reformer of spiritual eldership as well as the translator of the patristic texts included in Dobrotolubiye (Philokalia). Less well known is his role as the abbot of the brotherhood founded by him on the Holy Mount which lived on later in monasteries of Moldavia. While the trend towards national liberation as well as separation of national Churches and, at the same time, intra-Orthodox intolerance were growing among the Slavic Balkan peoples, Paisius spiritually guided monks from about ten nationalities, introduced bilingual (Slavic and Romanian) worship services and bilingual doctrinal talks for his brothers, and carried out correspondence in three languages (Slavic, Romanian, Greek). With his own experience of being a wandering monk and with his knowledge of the monastic life of three different cultural and political spaces (the Russian Empire, Moldavia, and Athos), as well as his experience of mutual obedience, Paisius was able to maintain both multilingualism and unanimity in such a heterogeneous brotherhood. Multilingualism, mutual obedience and continuous reading formed the basis on which Paisius' project was created, carrying not only the traditional elements of Eastern monasticism, but also the features of the epoch, allowing it to be considered also as part of the Enlightenment's project.


The present invention relates to a tension sensing type guarding system which comprises: a tension sensing prop; a pair of anchor props installed on the surface from the two sides of the tension sensing prop; a plurality of sensing lines arranged along the anchor props and tension sensing prop with a certain height difference; a tension extraction part for extracting changes in tension of the sensing lines by being installed on the tension sensing prop; and a tension maintaining part for maintaining the tension of the sensing lines about the tension extraction part. One end of each of the sensing lines has a pair of longitudinal cut sensing lines installed to be supported by the anchor prop and a pair of main sensing lines arranged between the other end of the longitudinal cut sensing line and tension extraction prop. If the longitudinal cut sensing line and main sensing line are divided with the tension extraction part as the center and two parts are considered a sensing line dividing groups, the sensing maintaining parts are placed in the divided sensing line dividing groups. Each of them has a longitudinal cut tensioner connecting one end of the main sensing line and the other end of the longitudinal cut sensing line included in the sensing lines and a middle tensioner connecting the tension spring of which one end is combined to the tension extracting part, the other end of the tension spring and the other end of the main sensing line to correspond to the main sensing line included in the each of the sensing lines. The tension extracting part extracts changes in tension of the main sensing line included in each of the sensing line dividing groups. According to the generation position of intruder, tension strength deviation transmitted to the tension extracting part can be reduced.


In order to solve the problem of contaminated drinking water, protect the water resources, and prevent the water pollution, in the context of IOT, a design method of urban wastewater system based on virtual instrument visual monitoring technique is introduced, and the overall program and the system hardware and software structure are proposed. The system can monitor the pollution source of drinking water and comprehensive monitor the water quality.


High-performance graph processing is challenging because the sizes and structures of real-world graphs can vary widely. Graph algorithms also have distinct performance characteristics that lead to different performance bottlenecks. Even though memory technologies such as CPU cache and non-uniform memory access (NUMA) have been designed to improve software performance, the existing graph processing frameworks either do not take advantage of these hardware features or overcomplicate the original graph algorithms. In addition, these frameworks do not provide an interface for easily composing and fine-tuning performance optimizations from various levels of the software stack. As a result, they achieve suboptimal performance. The work described in this thesis builds on recent research in developing a domainspecific language (DSL) for graph processing. GraphIt is a DSL designed to provide a comprehensive set of performance optimizations and an interface to combine the best optimization schedules. This work extends the GraphIt DSL to support locality optimizations on modern multisocket multicore machines, while preserving the simplicity of graph algorithms. To our knowledge, this is the first work to support cache and NUMA optimizations in a graph DSL. We show that cache and NUMA optimizations together are able to improve the performance of GraphIt by up to a factor of 3. Combined with all of the optimizations in GraphIt, our performance is up to 4.8x faster than the next fastest existing framework. In addition, algorithms implemented in GraphIt use fewer lines of code than existing frameworks. The work in this thesis supports the design choice of a compiler approach to constructing graph processing systems. The high performance and simplicity of GraphIt justify the separation of concerns (modularity) design principle in computer science, and contribute to the larger effort of agile software systems development. Thesis Supervisor: Julian Shun Title: Assistant Professor


To reveal the molecular interaction model between fumonisin B1(FB1) and its specific single chain variable fragment(scFv) antibody, the three dimensional structure of an anti-FB1 scFv antibody was modeled and refined using homology modeling for molecular docking analysis. Procheck and Verify 3D methods were used to confirm the reliability of the scFv conformation. The recognition and interaction including hydrogen bonding,hydrophobic and electrostatic properties between the scFv antibody and FB1 were analyzed by molecular docking method. The results showed that the complementarity-determining regions(CDRs) of the scFv antibody directly face FB1 molecule in the antibody-antigen complex. The hydrogen bonds are steadily formed between the scFv and its antigen; also the hydrophobic interaction and electrostatic matching of the scFv antibody are in good complementary with FB1 molecule. In conclusion, the effects of hydrogen bonding, electrostatic and hydrophobic interaction together make the scFv antibody forming a favorable binding pocket that is highly complementary to FB1, and this unique feature plays a vital role in the specific recognition and binding stability of antibody-antigen complex.


The objective of the present study was to extend the knowledge of the biology of the parasitoid Nasonia vitripennis (Walker) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae). The pupae were obtained using the flotation method. They were individually placed in gelatin capsules until the emergence of adult dipterous or their parasitoids. Between May 1998 and February 2013, 6.030 fly pupae were collected. In 228 of these pupae, 1105 specimens of N. vitripennis were found. The overall percentage of parasitism was 3.8%. Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) was the fly that had the highest percentage parasitism (9.6%). In relation to the hosts collected, the species Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Calliphoridae), C. megacephala and Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae) medical-veterinary.

Keywords: Hymenoptera, Diptera, substrates, traps, baits.


The aim of this study is to review controlled research from the post decade on the behavioral treatment of unipolar depression in adult out patient. First, a review is presented of recent epidemiological, research. This is followed by a discussion of current issues and methods in assessment. A brief summary of behavioral theory of depression is followed by an overview of the various treatment approaches that have been developed under this umbrella of behavior therapy


A DSP based multi-target track simulation system,which can send the flying parameters to radar,is presented.The system simulated the tracks of multi-targets by special model and position information of the plane obtained from GPS receiver.The flying parameters including position,velocity and Doppler frequency were calculated.DSP chip and optimized algorithms were used to realize the real-time signal processing.Tests show that target position error is less than 1 m,velocity error is less than 2 m/s and the time of computation is less than 50 μs.The proposed system realizes the requirement of accuracy and real-time.


PURPOSE: An LCD(Liquid Crystal Display) estimating device, an LCD and an LCD estimating method are provided to easily obtain an optimal overshoot parameter at high accuracy. CONSTITUTION: A signal unit(3) provides signals to a liquid crystal panel(2). A display detecting unit(4) detects the display of the liquid crystal panel. An analyzing unit(5) analyzes the detected result of the display detecting unit. The signal unit provides a signal corresponding to an original gray to the liquid crystal panel, provides an overshoot signal, and provides a signal corresponding to an achievement gray. The analyzing unit analyzes each detected result from the display detecting unit, and stores the level of the overshoot signal corresponding to an optimal detection result in response to the original gray and the achievement gray.


A new down-the-hole drill (DTH) position method based on binocular stereo vision was presented. In this method, a pair of stereo images containing holes marker were obtained by stereo cameras, which were then segmented by the fuzzy threshold method based on trapezoidal membership functions. The hole mark centre was extracted by image invariant moment principle. Then hole mark 3D locations can be calculated by triangulation principle. Finally, the autonomous position experiments based on binocular stereo vision system were implemented on DTH test-bed. The experiments results show that the binocular stereo vision system applied to DTH drill position is reliable, and the position error is within 25mm.


This article is an attempt to analyse the important determinants of capital structure in Indian manufacturing industries in the last decade. Over the past several years, financial economists and researchers have worked to bring more of scientific and predictive understanding in corporate finance; this has been done by preparing formal theories that can be tested by empirical studies of corporate and stock market behaviour. But this brings us to the most important issue to developing a well-defined and exhaustive theory of capital structure which also finds applicability in an actual market scenario and designing empirical tests that are powerful enough to provide a basis for choosing among the various theories. In several competing theories, researchers have given their perspective in the form of theories, since Modigliani and Miller's famous propositions on the capital structure, to test the ground realities of capital market imperfections such as taxes, bankruptcy costs, agency costs and information asymmetries. Therefore, the determinants of the capital structure of companies have been debated for long in corporate finance. To bring more clarity on it, this research attempts to test the important determinants of the capital structure of companies.


, Rust fungi are important plant pathogens, infecting taxonomically diverged plant taxa such as angiospermes, gymnospermes and also some pteridophytes. Though members of all families of spermatophytes are infected by rusts, it is interesting that members of the Poaceae, Leguminosae and Compositae are the dominating hosts. Many of the plants are economically important crops such as maize, wheat, barley, oat, peas and beans. The success of rust fungi is based on their producdtion of spores which spread over great distances. More than 50,000 uredospores can be prodced from a single pustule, and anemochoric transportation over more than 1000 km has been reported [71]. The coffee rust fungus Hemileia vastatrix was fIrst discovered in plantations in Ceylon in 1868. Ten years later most coffee plantations had been destroyed, and tea was produced instead of coffee. Likewise, due to destruction of coffee plantations in Java by the rust fungus, caoutchouc rubber production replaced that of coffee. So far, H. vastatrix has destroyed plantations in 25 countries, and since 1970 it is also present in Brazil and Colombia, both of which are among the most important coffee-producing states of the world. In North America wheat stem rust epidemics have been a severe problem from the 1-8th century on, and regional epidemics occurded in 1904, 1916, 1923, 1925, 1935, 1937, 1953 and 1954 [82]. These epidemics, caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, were severe and resulted in signifIcant crop failures in the U.S.A. These two examples clearly indicate the economic importance of rust fungi and encourage the study of mechanisms that provide the basis for establishment of a successful pathosystem. In order to produce large spore numbers it is necessary to withdraw nutrients from the host over an extended time, and this requires maintainance of integrity of the inefcted host cells and tissues. This is possible as the fungus causes only very limited destruction of the host cell walls, so that· even heavily infected plants stay alive for weeks after the onset of sporulation, and new inoculum is efficiently generated. All fungi that use this strategy are obligate biotrophs. One of the most striking difficulties of working with obligate biotrophs is that they have an absolute requirement for living host cells, and only few exceptions of axenically cultured rusts exist [28,67].


This work has investigated the in fl uence of common groundwater anions (Cl (cid:1) , NO 3 (cid:1) , SO 42 (cid:1) and HCO 3 (cid:1) ) on the corrosion behaviour and associated removal of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) ions onto nanoscale zero- valent iron particles (nZVI). After 16 week exposure to solutions containing each anion at 10 mM concentrations, nZVI was observed to corrode into different iron (hydr)oxide phases (determined using XRD), depending upon the anion present: HNO 3 (cid:1) produced goethite particles; NO 3 (cid:1) produced predominantly magnetite/maghemite particles; both SO 42 (cid:1) and Cl (cid:1) produced a mixture of phases, including magnetite/maghemite, lepidocrocite and goethite. For solutions containing the different anions and 0.3 mM concentrations of Cu or Zn, near-total metal removal onto nZVI was recorded in the initial stages of the reaction (e.g. < 24 h) for all systems tested. However, when Cl (cid:1) and SO 42 (cid:1) were also present signi fi cant subsequent desorption was recorded and attributed to the in fl uence of anionic pitting corrosion. In contrast, no Cu or Zn desorption was recorded for batch systems containing NO 3 (cid:1) , which was attributed to the enmeshment of Cu or Zn in a mixed-valent iron oxide shell. Results herein therefore demonstrate that NO 3 (cid:1) could be utilised alongside nZVI to improve its long-term performance for in situ water treatment applications. Crown Copyright © 2017 Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).


Abstract We wished to determine the nature of differences in epidermal cell numbers and dimensions between leaves of different length in mutants of barley ( Hordeum vulgare L. 'Himalaya'). Three comparisons were made: leaf one (L1) vs. leaf four (L4); wild type vs. nine dwarf mutants and wild type vs. a slender mutant. L1 was shorter than L4, and for most lines this was associated with a change in epidermal cell number for the blade, and in both cell number and length for the sheath. Compared to wild type, the smaller leaves of dwarf plants generally had shorter and fewer cells in both blade and sheath. The blade of slender plants was the same length (L1) or longer (L4) than wild type, while the sheath was longer than that of wild type for both L1 and L4. Slender plants had longer but fewer cells than the wild type along the blade of L1, and shorter but more cells for the blade of L4. In the sheath, slender plants had longer and more (L1) or fewer (L4) cells than did the wild type. For L1, variation in blade width amongst the barley lines was associated with a change in file width and file number. For L4, blade width varied only with file number, except for slender plants where narrow blades were associated with reduced file width. Hence there was no consistent correlation between changes in cell size or cell (or file) number with changes in leaf length or width. Differences depended on the leaf (L1 vs. L4), leaf part (blade vs. sheath), and the nature of the mutation (dwarf vs. slender).


This study creates a valid, practical, and effective discovery-based module to improve students' ability to solve mathematical problems on quadrilateral content. This study employs the definition, design, and development phases of the research and development process. Validation sheets, student response questionnaires, and test questions were the study tools utilized. Techniques for data analysis using percentages and N-gain. Based on the findings of a study using guided exploration modules to enhance students' ability to solve quadrilateral problems in class VII SMP, which was  valid with 76.92%. Results from the practicality test with practical categories were 79.37%. Student ability to solve mathematical problems shows effectiveness. The increase in the mathematical problem-solving ability of each student is in the medium category with an average N-gain of 0.48139.


ORIGINAL ARTICLESPage. Points of Contact of Human and Veterinary PreventiveMedicine, by H. R. SF,DIlON, D.V.Sc. 173 The Treatment of Mental Disease by Electrotherapy, by E. A. ELLIOTT, M.B., Ch.M. .. 180 Physical Therapy in Disease and Deformity of Childhood, by HAROLD CR.\WFORD, M.B., B.S .. F.R.A.C.S. 183 i Physiotherapyand Posture, with Some Remarks on Postural Anatomy, by R. S. L.UIZ, M.B., Ch.M., F.R.C.S.E. 186 Metropathia Htemor'rhagfca,by H. H. SCHLINK .. 189 ' ABSTRACTS FROM CURRENT MEDICAL LITERATUREBacteriology and Immunology Hygiene


When knock occurs in an engine, vibrations composed of several specific resonant frequencies occur. Some of these resonant frequencies are missed stochastically because specific resonant frequencies are caused by different resonant vibration modes in a combustion cylinder. This paper presents a multi-spectrum method which greatly improves knock detection accuracy by detecting the knock resonance frequencies. The developed knock detection module makes knock control possible throughout the entire engine speed for each engine cylinder. The experimental results show that sensitive knock detection and effective knock reduction control are obtained using the multi-spectrum method.


The Built Heritage of St George's, Grenada's Capital City. Candia Estella Ann Mitchell To date, no study exists on the built heritage of Grenada as a whole or of St George's, the country's capital city. Indeed, comparatively little has been written on any aspect of the built heritage of the country. Scholars the world over are gradually becoming aware of the need to focus on this aspect of people's history, and to stress the importance of the efforts and achievements of their forebears in humanizing the land and making it amenable to the quality of life for which they are striving. They also increasingly stress the need to preserve aspects of the built heritage both as a tribute to those who have gone before and an incentive to those who are yet to come. It is in this context that the present study looks at—and hopefully adds to the body of knowledge concerning—the landscapes, buildings, monuments and memorials of St George's. It investigates how, when and why Grenadians have utilized their built heritage. It also looks at the efforts that are being made to preserve and maintain that heritage. The research affirms much of what the author had previously understood about the rich heritage that the city offers to Grenadians and to Caribbean peoples at large.


The article analyzes the observer category of the "inner world" in the novel "The Angel of the Western Window" by G. Mayrink: the factors of the artistic impression at the level of focalization and mythotectonics are consistently systematized in the logical scheme of the evolution of the worldview of the main character, Baron Muller (John Dee). The chronotope of the legend of "St. Patrick's well" is studied as the foundation for the author's myth of man's being in the world, manifested in the novel. The observer in the novel perceives the "inner world" of the novel in reverse perspective, interpreting all the events taking place in terms of the alchemical sacrament of transforming one's soul into a light-bearing hypostasis. The observer goes through the path of the great magisterium: he ceases to control the act, succumbs to darkness and death, ascends transfigured, overcomes the trial by fire and performs an alchemical wedding, the fruit of which is the acquisition of the philosopher's stone. Each of the stages of the transfiguration of the observer corresponds to one of the chronotope levels of the legend of "Saint Patrick's Well", so it becomes the plot-forming for the mythotectonic level of the entire novel.


Much of modern machine learning and statistics research consists of extracting information from high-dimensional patterns. Often times, the large number of features that comprise this high-dimensional pattern are themselves vector valued, corresponding to sampled values in a time-series. Here, we present a classification methodology to accommodate multiple time-series using boosting. This method constructs an additive model by adaptively selecting basis functions consisting of a discriminating feature's full time-series. We present the necessary modifications to Fisher Linear Discriminant Analysis and Least-Squares, as base learners, to accommodate the weighted data in the proposed boosting procedure. We conclude by presenting the performance of our proposed method against a synthetic stochastic differential equation data set and a real world data set involving prediction of cancer patient susceptibility for a particular chemoradiotherapy.


The West Valley Support Project is being conducted to meet technology needs for the West Valley Demonstration Project and to provide support to the site cleanup and stabilization activities, which involves removing residual Cs in Tank 8D-1 after waste retrieval. In-tank oxalic acid elution of Cs-loaded zeolite is being evaluated. The work reported here involved evaluating the potential for increased corrosion of Tank 8D-1 during Cs elution, because oxalic acid is corrosive to carbon steel. This included corrosion tests with mild steel (A516 Grade 55) at 27-50 C with 4 and 8 wt% oxalic acid, for 2, 4, and 6 days. Results agreed with Sept. 1995 tests at 50 C for 1-3 weeks. Corrosion rate of A516 Grade 55 mild steel in oxalic acid is quite high (about 150 mils/y or 3.8 mm/y). Corrosion increased three- or fourfold going from 27 to 50 C. Although the tests resulted in a very rough surface appearance, indicating potential for localized corrosion, eg, pitting and crevice corrosion, the exposure times used were apparently too short to initiate pitting.


Anxi County is located in the northwestern part of the Hexi Corridor in gansu Province and has the sole national level nature reserve of extremely-arid desert in China.Phytosociological methods (Braun-Blanquet,1964) are used to classify plant community types in this area.Eleven are disting uished,including six of deserts,four of oases and one transitional type between deserts and oases.Direct gradient analysis (DCA) is employed to correlate the distribution of plant communities to physiogeographic conditions.This study makes clear that water is the most important ecological factor for the distribution of plant species and communities in this area.The effects of water have been demonstrated in different ways.A vegetation gradient from lower altitude to higher altitude in the southern part of the reserve is driven by a precipitation gradient.The effects of the depth of ground water table contribute to the differentiation of vegetation from desert to oasis in the flat area.In a finer scale,the washed gullies have obviously higher species richness and also higher vegetation cover than the surround gobi surfaces,possibly caused by the effects of floods.The vegetation patterns demonstrate that the area of Anxi County is a complete landscape unit.The range of the current nature reserve is not large enough for the purpose of conserving the unique biodiversity in this area.


Expanding system is one important component of SSAW pipe production units,this system are more associated with other equipment,many security risks exist during production process.From the nature of safe construction view,safety and reliability design of expanding system was conducted through technology means.On-site implementation results showed that this design effectively avoided the occurrence of all types of accidents.


The following studies were presented at the 22nd Congress of the European Society of Cardiology in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, August 26 to 30, 2000.

### GUSTO IV ACS (Global Use of Strategies To Open Occluded arteries in Acute Coronary Syndromes)

Presenter : Maarten Simoons, MD, Thoraxcentrum, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, the Netherlands

The study : A multicenter, randomized trial of adjunctive abciximab (a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonist) in patients with acute coronary syndromes in whom an invasive/interventional strategy was not planned. A total of 7800 patients with a history of at least 5 minutes of chest pain at rest and either a positive troponin test or at least 0.5 mm ST-segment depression were treated with aspirin and heparin (or the low-molecular-weight heparin dalteparin in a predefined subset of patients in Scandinavia, Switzerland, and some US centers) and were randomized to receive placebo, a bolus and 24-hour infusion of abciximab, or a bolus and 48-hour infusion of abciximab. The primary end point of the study was the composite incidence of death or myocardial infarction (MI) at 30 days.

The results : As per the prespecified protocol, only 1.4% of patients were referred for urgent revascularization in the first 48 hours after randomization. At 30 days, the incidence of death (placebo, 3.9%; 24-hour abciximab, 3.4%; and 48-hour abciximab, 4.2%), or death/MI (placebo, 8.0%; 24-hour abciximab, 8.2%; and 48-hour abciximab, 9.1%) were not significantly improved in either of the abciximab groups. Troponin status and the presence of documented ST-segment changes were predictors of worse outcomes, but did not identify a group of patients who prospectively benefited from abciximab. In the Scandinavian low-molecular-weight heparin subset, dalteparin provided an adequate alternative to unfractionated heparin, but it did not seem to convey significant incremental benefit.

Summary : In patients with acute coronary syndromes who are not going forward to percutaneous coronary intervention, a 24- or 48-hour infusion of abciximab provided no incremental clinical benefit, …


Abstract Relationship between Toll-like receptor-2 (TLR2) and cancer risk has been illustrated in some studies, but their conclusions are inconsistent. Therefore, we designed this meta-analysis to explore a more accurate conclusion of whether TLR2 affects cancer risks. Articles were retrieved from various literature databases according to the criteria. We used STATA to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) to evaluate the relationship between certain polymorphism of TLR2 and cancer risk. Finally, 47 case–control studies met the criteria, comprising 15851 cases and 21182 controls. In the overall analysis, people are more likely to get cancer because of -196 to -174del in TLR2 in all five genetic models, B vs. A (OR = 1.468, 95% Cl = 1.129–1.91, P=0.005); BB vs. AA (OR = 1.716, 95% Cl = 1.178–2.5, P=0.005); BA vs. AA (OR = 1.408, 95% Cl = 1.092–1.816, P=0.008); BB+BA vs. AA (OR = 1.449, 95% Cl = 1.107–1.897, P=0.007); BB vs. BA+AA (OR = 1.517, 95% Cl = 1.092–2.107, P=0.013). Meanwhile, rs4696480 could significantly increase the risk of cancer in Caucasians, furthermore, rs3804099 significantly decreased cancer risk in overall analysis, but more subjects are necessary to confirm the results. All in all, this meta-analysis revealed that not only -196 to -174del increased the risk of among overall cancers, Caucasians are more likely to get cancer because of rs4696480, while rs3804099 polymorphism could reduce the risk of cancer in some genetic models. There is no direct evidence showing that rs5743708, rs3804100 and rs1898830 are related to cancer.


In the manufacturing of electronic product, backlight quality always affects the final rate of good product. To date, the backlight qualityis usually detected by manual eyes.In this article,an auto lighting device used forbacklightsystemdetectionwasfabricatedwith STM32 chip which basedon the ARM core. Firstly,the FPC was pressed closely on the dense goldfinger.Then, positive or negative weak current signal was sent respectively fromthe transistor array which was controlled by the STM32 chip. Thirdly, the positive or negative of FPC electrode wasjudged intelligently by the STM32 chip.Finally, according to the judgment results, the operating power with corresponding electrode polaritywas provided tolight the backlight system.The auto lighting detection of the backlight quality could be realized perfectly by this device.


This report describes the specific capabilities offered by smart grid technologies in resolving some of the challenges in achieving high penetrations of variable renewable resources (VRR). The report describes the relationships between existing smart grid solutions and a range of VRR integration challenges, and smart grid solutions are placed in the larger context of conventional tools for VRR integration. Relevant VRR integration projects from ISGAN member nations are described where applicable, and recommendations for research collaborations are suggested.


Participatory governance as an opportunity for citizens to take part in public management can be realized in different forms. The article considers the potential of social media in the development of participatory management. The authors conducted a survey in Moscow to estimate the possibilities of social networks in establishing dialogue and partnership for solving urgent social problems, in particular, the peoples readiness to participate in social-network interaction, approaches of networks to its organization, and efficiency of the current forms of such interaction. The study of online and offline activity showed that despite the general satisfaction with the possibilities of personal initiative in solving socially significant problems, the respondents are not ready to be socially active; their activity in social networks consists of obtaining information, sometimes - in its use for socially significant activities, and very rarely - in organizing such activities. The comparison of social networks from the standpoint of the convenience for discussing socially significant issues and interaction with authorities showed that VKontakte and Instagram are promising platforms for participatory governance. In most cases, Muscovites participate in the network communities of the mass media, public organizations or public opinion leaders, very rarely - in the network communities of the authorities. According to the majority, in interaction with the authorities, social media perform an informative function by drawing attention to socially significant issues; however, it is also important to involve citizens in solving these problems. The low efficiency of the social-network interaction between the authorities and the population is obvious. The survey results indicate the general dissatisfaction with the organization of dialogue between the population and authorities in social networks. Respondents admit both the importance of developing dialogue-partner forms of Internet communications and the low level of their implementation. Thus, the portal Active Citizen receives contradictory assessments as a platform for electronic voting, i.e., the potential of social media in the development of participatory governance is not used efficiently.


Some main problems present in CAI are analysed, some reflections on the reformation of it are come up with: change the pattern of development for CAI teaching software, transform the ideas of Course Ware for CAI teaching software into Integrable ware, take vigorous and steady action to promote the training of CAI teachers, probe into the educational theory about CAI etc.


All physicians recognize that individual patients respond differently to medications, so that at so-called standard doses, a drug may have toxic effects in some patients but fail to produce the exp...


SUMMARY Experimental studies on the survival of Fasciola hepatica miracidia show no evidence that miracidial mortality varies with the pH of the medium, at least in the range 6·0–8·0. On the other hand, miracidial mortality is shown to vary with both the temperature of the medium and the age of the larvae. The mean expected life-span of the miracidium decreases from about 35 h at 6°C to about 6° h at 25° C. The Gompertz survival function provides a good description of the miracidial survivorship curves over the range of temperatures used, and we describe, a maximum likelihood method of estimating the mean values of the parameters of this function, together with their approximate 95% confidence limits.


This paper is concerned with the development of modified tensioned buoyant platform designs which can lead to significant reductions in tether cyclic loads and consequent savings in platform structure and tether weights over conventional designs. The modifications consist of annular tanks installed on the columns at the water line and extending some distance above and below still-water level. .


Three Liuyang black goats fitted with ruminal cannulas were used in this study.Various indices were evaluated including 72htotal cumulative gas production,0,2,4,6,8,10,14,24,36,48,72hmethane yield, both degradation rate of dry matter and concentrations of volatile fatty acid profile and ammonia N of Chloris virgata at different growth stages in vitro fermentation after 72h.The result showed that significant(P0.05)or highly significant(P0.01)differences existed in Ash,crude protein(CP),neutral detergent fiber(NDF)、acid detergent fiber(ADF)levels between different growth stages.Compositions of CP and ash decreased and levels of NDF and ADF increased with the maturity.The VF of total cumulative gas production,methane yield and 72hdry matter disappearance rate decreased with harvests prolonged.The growth staged did not affect the VF of total cumulative gas production(P0.05)because VF of methane yield during turning green,jointing,earing,flowering and maturity stage were not significantly different although they were significantly higher than withering stage. The 72hdry matter disappearance rate during maturity,withering stage was significantly lower than that in the former growth periods.The concentrations of ammonia N,volatile fatty acid and acetic acid decreased and increased followed by decreased again.According to the changes of nutrients and fermentation gas production characteristics in vitro,it's recommended that C.virgatashould be harvested at the stage between earing to flowering.


Smart grids are aimed at improving the operation, monitoring, and the control of the electricity networks. The deployment of distributed energy sources and electric vehicles changes the nature of the electric system and adds new challenges to its operation. The massive rollout of smart meters and advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) is a first step in solving these challenges. AMI-based smart grids technologies must be carefully designed and tested before they may be deployed in the field, which requires appropriate methods and tools. Software simulations, although very useful at early design stage, are not sufficient at testing and validation stage: they may eventually fail to capture important features of the physical system under consideration. The aim of our work is to set up a hardware and software infrastructure that emulates a low-voltage "smart grid" network, both from the power and the communication perspectives, and to utilize it to realize proofs of concepts of some prototypical smart grid mechanisms


Combined with the practical project experience that 3S integration technology is applied in the land-use change survey of the second national land survey,this paper introduced the application background of 3S integration technology and technological processes of the change survey minutely.In addition,some deficiencies for the application of the 3S integration technology in the change survey were summarized and some modified views were proposed,such as some problems,the automatic extraction of land change information,the conversion in different coordinate system,etc.


Microscopy images of progenitor cells prepared with a specific epigenetic mark show its massive relocation during differentiation. We propose an image processing pipeline for the automated quantification of this relocation. A novel set of features which are extracted from polar representations of the microscopy images are used to construct a strong classifier via an adaptive boosting algorithm. In addition to the classification a measurement of the relocation in each nucleus is performed.


Even though large amounts of government budgets have been devoted to embedding Information and Communications Technology (ICT) in schools, teachers do not appear to use these to transform teaching and learning, a goal declared by policy agendas. Previous studies focused on the capacity of policy itself, and especially on the implementers to explain the level and outcomes of implementation. This paper turns the attention to the context in which implementation takes place and views implementation from an institutionalist perspective. Schools are seen as organisations within the broader educational system and therefore, the paper focuses on a specific case to explore implementation. This paper integrates the results of two studies looking at ICT implementation in the Cypriot centralised and bureaucratic educational system, and attempts to interpret them differently from previous studies. It is suggested that unless the system is transformed and modernised, the institutionalisation of innovations, such as ICT, faces the threat of failure.


Graft copolymerization of ethyl acrylate (EA) onto Sodium salt of Partially Carboxymethylated Sodium alginate (Na-PCMSA, DS= 0.605) was carried out using ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) as a redox initiator. The optimal reaction conditions were evaluated by varying various reaction parameters and the influence of synthesis variables was studied. The experimental results were analyzed in terms of the proposed kinetic scheme and were found to be in very good agreement with it. The influence of carboxymethyl groups introduced into the sodium alginate molecules with regard to its behaviour towards ceric induced grafting with EA was also investigated. The percent grafting of EA onto Na-PCMSA (DS = 0.605) was determined as a function of compositions of mixed solvents comprising of methanol: water, ethanol: water, n-propanol: water, n-butanol: water and carbon tetrachloride: water systems. All the products were characterized by the help of FTIR, SEM and TGA techniques. The synthesized novel graft copolymer, Na-PCMSA-g-PEA, may find its potential application as a metal adsorbent.


1. INTRODUCTIONA first hypothesis on which the present study is based (as confirmed in a previous investigation) states that present in the contemporary society are two contrasting representations of magic: the former considers magic a false, illusive creed, promoted by impostors and accepted by simple, naive people, which is not unusual, if considering the conceptions on which a rational and scientific society is built up. The latter representation, however, is wholly different, magic being perceived as a "para-" or pseudo-science", as a different (but not necessarily false) conception upon the world. The contemporary human creature is no longer a preponderantly religious entity - but a spiritual being (Gavriluta, 2013), the champion of a blend of spiritual, mystical, ocult practices (a form of searching - by various types of experiments - for what had been lost as an exclusively religious practice). According to such a theory, especially interesting appeared to observe the scores of magical ideation, its correlation with other variables (such as anomia, stress reaction, well-being, existential anxiety, locus of control, risk avoidance), and especially the differences between the two groups, which may be defined on the basis of two criteria. A first criterion distinguishes the group of individuals who view magic as a different, yet valid system for understanding the world, and the group of those considering its as a false, oldfashioned system - a hoax. The differentiation between groups will be intensified by the differentiation made between generations: generation X and generation Y.The obtained results are extremely important and, even if their interpretation made use of a theoretical pattern still to be confirmed by further investigations, nobody can deny the fact that magical thinking is by no means a form of reasoning characteristic to a primitive or traditional mentality. On the contrary, various forms of magical thinking may be observed in the urban society of today.2. OPERATIONALIZATION OF VARIABLES AND PRESENTATION OF INSTRUMENTSExistential anxiety has been understood in relation with the theoretical pattern proposed by Tillich (1952) and developed by Weems et al. (2004). The "existential anxiety" variable has three dimensions: the first one refers to the anxiety of death and destiny, the second - to guilt, while the third measures the consciousness of the meaning of life and world. Existential anxiety was measured with the "Scale of Authenticity", developed by Weems et al. (Weems, Dehon & Berman, 2004) as a dichotomic lattice, permitting answers of the "yes" or "no" type. 13 items, grouped according to the three factors, measure existential anxiety. Anomia was analyzed following the pattern created by Srole (1956) and adapted by Bachman, Kahn, Mednick, Davidson and Johnston (1969), then taken over by Tshahuridu (2009). The general scale of anomia measurement, with 8 items, was used. Of special interest is individual, and not social anomia. Consequently, anomia is understood as an individual state, a subjective condition, involving an either reduced or absent feeling of attachment and adaptation at society level (organizational media included). Absent at individual level is a type of social order upon which one can depend, the trust in and the transparency of the social norms and requirements. Anomia assumes detachment off the society and the feeling of being powerless (Tshahuridu, 2009). The locus of control is measured with the Nowicki-Strickland Scale for Adults (1974) taken over, in 2011, by Halpert (Halpert, 2011). The locus of control shows where does the individual situate the primary causes of the events produced in his life (inside him = he feels he can control them, or outside = no control from his part). This is a scale with 40 items, adapted for adults, measuring 4 aspects: the ability of an individual to protect himself, his social power or relevance, the level of superstitions and passivity (Halpert, 2011). …


Under the trend of new curriculum reform, sport teaching has been regarded. As independent college P.E teachers, they not only equip the fundamental P.E subject knowledge, but also break through current predicaments, making sure they could improve the comprehensive quality of P.E teaching. From present conditions, high school P.E teachers have multiple character features, thus they could rouse student to accept knowledge automatically by P.E teaching, and strengthen their sports quality. However, according to the situation, independent college P.E teachers still face predicaments in personal development because of bearing heavy workload in their daily teaching, which turns out effects their health and comprehensive quality of teaching quality. For those independent college P.E teachers, they should confirm current predicaments and combine the sports teaching situation in the new period to explore acceptable measurements.


Introduction. Adenoid and tonsil hypertrophy is widespread in the pediatric population, affecting primarily younger children, aged 3 to 6 years. in 1884, a German pathologist, von Waldeyer-hartz, first described clusters of lymphoid tissue in mucosa of the throat, which he named facial lymphatic ring, known today as Waldeyer's tonsillar ring. Waldeyer's ring plays a significant role in the development of immune response by allowing the contact of the immune system with multiple antigens and thus, enabling the development of the specific immunological response. the main points of contact of the body with the external environment are the mucous membranes of the digestive and respiratory systems. Waldeyer's ring, being at the opening of both systems, has a particular role in the development of immune response, especially during the first years of life. Aim. the aim of the study was to analyze the symptoms presented by children hospitalized in the Clinic of pediatric otolaryngology of the medical University of Warsaw that had been qualified for the surgical removal of the adenoid and/or tonsils. Material and methods. All the patients underwent physical examination, and filled in a survey. the study included 59 hospitalized patients, 2 of which refused to disclose the symptoms associated with adenoid and tonsil hypertrophy that was diagnosed in them. Results. the study involved 59 children aged from 2 to 13 years old. the mean age was 6.2 years. the patients were qualified for adenoidectomy or adenotonsillotomy. in 26 cases, at least one of the parents of the patient smoked in the presence of the child. 28 patients reported nasal obstruction, and 29 denied such symptoms. As many as 41 patients (71.9%) reported snoring during sleep. 45 patients (78.9%) breathed through the mouth. Based on the medical history collected from the parents, 22 patients (37.3%) had upper respiratory tract infection at least once a month, 7 patients – every two weeks, 9 – every two months, 15 – every three months, 5 – every 6 months, and one – once a year. Conclusions. 1. the most common symptom in pediatric patients with adenoid and tonsil hypertrophy is snoring. 2. 1/3 of the children with enlarged tonsils is diagnosed with allergies. 3. Almost 45% of children with hypertrophy of the tonsils are exposed to tobacco smoke. 4. Children with enlarged tonsils have upper respiratory tract infections on average once a month.


In this paper a long life design of a wearable electronic textile for a special application is presented. Specifications of some real low power, tiny elements including sensors, microcontrollers, transceivers, and a fault tolerant special topology are used to increase reliability and decrease power consumption which will result in longer lifetime. Two conditions including normal and bodily critical conditions are considered. Total lifetime of the system in case of having just one and two processing nodes is compared. Simulation results show a considerable increase of the lifetime comparing with other studied methods as a result of prioritizing of activating elements. The total lifetime of the presented design in normal condition will be about 18 days for one processing node and more than 23 days for two processing nodes.


Purpose – The purpose of this article aims to identify the factors that individuals consider necessary to be happy in their job. Based on these factors, a measure of job design happiness is proposed. Design/methodology/approach – Two methods were applied, (1) a qualitative study with content analyses (n=969) to develop an exploratory questionnaire and (2) exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis by applying structural equations models. In this second study the questionnaire was sent to a second sample (n=1079). Findings – Five first order factors were identified: Self-fulfillment; Group Working, Attaining Goals; Leadership and Sustainability and Job/Family Balance. These factors are explained by a second order factor: Job Design Happiness. Research limitations/implications – Further research is needed to determine how the identified 'job design happiness' components may interact with one another. Testing the scale different industries and national cultures is also suggested. Practical implications – Managers and human resources practitioners can improve job and organizational performance by applying the scale in several moments in time measuring the job happiness 'pulse', monitoring their decisions. Social Implications – The adoption of this measure for decision making in organizational and job design can contribute to the improvement of living standards and firm sustainability. Originality/value – Research on organizational happiness has been increasing but instruments to measure job design happiness, considering organizational factors, are limited.


Objective: To investigate the preventive measures against gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods: A total of 25 GDM patients were employed as the trial group,30 patients with diabetes mellitus but not during the pregnancy were employed as the control group.Clinical data from the two groups were analyzed retrospectively;Chi-square test was used.Results: The influence of GDM on the pregnant women and newborns in the trial group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P0.01).Conclusion: GDM may increase the complications of mothers and newborns significantly.Diabetes screening for the timely detection of gestational diabetes mellitus,better control of blood glucose,and perinatal GDM management of pregnant women can reduce complications of mothers and newborns due to GDM and reduce the rate of cesarean section as well.


Objective:To investigate the effect of early intervention for hepatoeyte growth factor(HGF)expression of cerebral brain injury neonatal rat.Methods:Thirty pregnant rats were consecutively injected with LPS (420 μg/kg) on seventeenth day gestation,ten pregnant rats were consecutively injected with saline as comparison.Respectively,selected LPS group 40 pups and saline group 20 pups.Take 1 day old pups to make pathology and immunohistochemistry.Immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of HGF at 7th,14th,21th,28th days.To observe the expression of HGF and motor function.Results:1、LPS group at 7th,14th,21th,28th days,the expression of HGF in brain tissue than the control group increased (P0.01);2、The expression of HGF in brain tissue in the intervention group compared with non-intervention had increased(P0.01).Conclusions:Early intervention could improve the expression of HGF and motor function of the newborn rats effectively.


Spiritual direction, as Nemeck and Coombs understand it, has to do with hstening to God within the directee or, as I would express the same, getting in touch with the work ing of grace. The basic principles for listening, which is much more than hearing, include recognition that the spiritual guide is only an instrument of God and thus must be abandoned to God in faith. Spiritutil direction itself, moreover, exists within the directee and thus necessitates waiting on the Spirit and relying on divine rather than human wisdom.


In a manufacturing planning and control (MPC) system, the shop floor control (SFC) back–end component provides detailed schedule information for each open order in the system. The absence of SFC is evidenced by excessive work–in–progress (WIP) inventories, resulting from excessive slack in scheduling operations. At one client company, the need for shop floor control was judged to be critical, yet the timing of the introduction of a fully integrated SFC was deemed inappropriate due to inadequacies in MPC. Instead, a custom, stand–along, finite capacity scheduler was developed. The package is intended to provide an interim capability only. The package runs on any PC compatible microcomputer, and utilises a user–friendly spreadsheet interface as a front–end. This paper deals with related issues in the design, implementation, and acceptance of a product which provides an interim shop floor control function in a job shop environment. It is seen that organisational issues can have a great impact on progress in the introduction and implementation of new systems, particularly when organisational structure, in this case the use of matrix management, encourages competition for control over the management of machine shop resources.


The sample of toy materials was treated by microwave assisted digestion,and the contents of Al,Sb,As,Ba,B,Cd,Cr,Co,Cu,Pb,Mn,Hg,Ni,Se,Sr,Sn and Zn in the sample solution were determined by ICP-MS.The polyatomic ion effect was eliminated by collision cell technique(CCT).The values of detection limit of the method found were in the range of 0.003-0.09 μg·L-1.The proposed method was applied in the analysis of sample of colorized cloth,giving values of recovery in the range of 84.5%-106.0%,and RSD′s(n=7) in the range of 1.00%-5.79%.This method has favorably met with the testing requirements of EU directives for toy materials.