The superconducting gap–an energy scale tied to the superconducting phenomena-opens on the Fermi surface at the superconducting transition temperature (T C) in conventional BCS superconductors. Quite differently, in underdoped high-T C superconducting cuprates, a pseudogap, whose relation to the superconducting gap remains a mystery, develops well above T C 1,2. Whether the pseudogap is a distinct phenomenon or the incoherent continuation of the superconducting gap above T C is one of the central questions in high-T C research 3-8. While some experimental evidence suggests they are distinct 9-18 , this issue is still under intense debate. A crucial piece of evidence to firmly establish this two-gap picture is still missing: a direct and unambiguous observation of a single-particle gap tied to the superconducting transition as function of temperature. Here we report the discovery of such an energy


FIELD: machine building. SUBSTANCE: invention refers to differentials with active control of moments distribution. The differential block consists of differential (4) with two output shafts (6, 7), a box of which forms an input link, an of controlled friction clutch (22, 26). Primary part (22) of the clutch is actively tied with inlet link (5), while secondary part (26) of the clutch is conjugated with output shaft (6, 7). One of driven connections has either increasing or decreasing ratio. Middle axle (13) of clutch (22, 26) is setoff relative to middle axle (12) of conjugated output shaft (6, 7). Secondary part (26) of the clutch enveloping conjugated output shaft (6, 7) has tooth ring (30) with internal engagement which engages gear (31) mounted of the output shaft. EFFECT: simplification of design. 9 cl, 8 dwg


The present work elucidates facile one-pot synthesis from biomass forestry waste (Norway spruce bark) and its chemical activation yielding high specific surface area (SBET) biochars as efficient lithium- and sodium-ion storage anodes. The chemically activated biochar using ZnCl2 (Biochar-1) produced a highly mesoporous carbon containing 96.1% mesopores in its structure as compared to only 56.1% mesoporosity from KOH-activated biochars (Biochar-2). The latter exhibited a lower degree of graphitization with disordered and defective carbon structures, while the former presented more formation of ordered graphite sheets in its structure as analyzed from Raman spectra. In addition, both biochars presented a high degree of functionalities on their surfaces but Biochar-1 presented a pyridinic-nitrogen group, which helps improve its electrochemical response. When tested electrochemically, Biochar-1 showed an excellent rate capability and the longest capacity retentions of 370 mA h g–1 at 100 mA g–1 (100 cycles), 332.4 mA h g–1 at 500 mA g–1 (1000 cycles), and 319 mA h g–1 at 1000 mA g–1 after 5000 cycles, rendering as an alternative biomass anode for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Moreover, as a negative electrode in sodium-ion batteries, Biochar-1 delivered discharge capacities of 147.7 mA h g–1 at 50 mA g–1 (140 cycles) and 126 mA h g–1 at 100 mA g–1 after 440 cycles.


A number of researches have been done on pragmatic ambivalence,but few researches have been conducted on ambivalence as a pragmatic strategy.This paper attempts to apply Verschueren's Theory of Linguistic Adaptation to pragmatic ambivalence as a pragmatic strategy.The author concludes that pragmatic ambivalence is actually the outcome of linguistic choices inter-adaptable with language users' mental world,social world and physical world.


Systematic study of rock cavern developments started in Singapore around 1980s, with feasibility studies for different applications. Construction of the first cavern project, the Underground Ammunition Facility (UAF), began in 1999 and commissioned in 2008. The second cavern project, the Jurong Rock Caverns (JRC) for hydrocarbon storage below the seabed, will begin operation in 2013. The development of an Underground Master Plan is in progress. Greater use of underground space in Singapore can be expected in the future to meet the needs of a growing population.


Objective: To assess the specificity of the dendritic protein neurogranin (Ng) in CSF from patients with a broad range of neurodegenerative diseases including a variety of dementias, tauopathies, and synucleinopathies. Method: An optimized immunoassay was used to analyze CSF Ng in a retrospective cohort of 331 participants with different neurodegenerative diseases, including healthy controls (n = 19), biomarker-proven Alzheimer disease (AD) (n = 100), genetic AD (n = 2), behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (n = 20), speech variant frontotemporal dementia (n = 21), Lewy body dementia (n = 13), Parkinson disease (n = 31), progressive supranuclear palsy (n = 46), multiple system atrophy (n = 29), as well as a heterogeneous group with non-neurodegenerative cognitive impairment (n = 50). CSF Ng concentrations and correlations of CSF Ng with total tau, phosphorylated tau, and β-amyloid 42 concentrations, Mini-Mental State Examination score, and disease duration in the different groups were investigated. Results: Median CSF Ng concentration was higher in patients with AD compared to both controls (p < 0.001) and all other disease groups (all p < 0.001) except speech variant frontotemporal dementia. There were no significant differences in CSF Ng concentrations between any other neurodegenerative groups and controls. In addition, we found strong correlations between Ng and total tau (p < 0.001) and phosphorylated tau (p < 0.001). Conclusions: These results confirm an increase in CSF Ng concentration in patients with AD as previously reported and show that this is specific to AD and not seen in a range of other neurodegenerative diseases.


1 "From Bed to Bench to Bed" is a phrase used so often as to risk becoming a cliche. Yet it is in fact a dictate that can guide us to the amelioration of human suffering on a global scale. Translated into the words of Richard Lockshin in his lead editorial for this Journal, the first half of the phrase asks, "What phenomena do clinicians observe that are crying for the attention of laboratory researchers?" And the second half asks how these laboratory researchers can uncover "important cellular and molecular mechanisms that lead to new approaches to clinical control." These principles of "Bed to Bench to Bed" may be most vividly exemplified by telling a story. This is the story of a "Bed to Bench to Bed" cycle that took place over 32 months in the 1960s on the Indian Subcontinent. By today, it has already saved an estimated 50 million lives. It is the story of oral rehydration therapy for cholera. Cholera is an acute diarrheal disease that has plagued the world at least since the first Asiatic pandemic of 1817. Though permanently endemic in Asia, it has caused epidemics in Europe and America (resulting in the deaths of U.S. Presidents James Polk and perhaps Zachary Taylor), and it rages even today in Zimbabwe. In 1854, John Snow established the link between cholera and contaminated water in London. That same year, the Italian physician and pathologist, Filippo Pacini,


Adequate process design particularly means that a process fulfills its stakeholders' expectations. However, when designing process-aware information systems (PAIS), one stakeholder and his expectations are often neglected: the end user. Frequently, this results in end user fears, which, in turn, lead to emotional resistance and a lack of user support during process and information system design. In order to overcome this vicious circle it becomes necessary to better understand the impact of operationalized process design on the end users' work profile. This paper presents the results of a case study at two Dutch companies.We investigate in which way employees perceive the impact of a newly introduced PAIS based on workflow management technology with respect to five job dimensions: skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy, and feedback from the job.


The description of word-forming morphology of deverbatives of the modern Ukrainian language in view of its functional character, dynamic processes in the language, shifts that have taken place in its corpus in recent times, provides good grounds for determining new classification principles of morphological analysis of deverbatives. The article identifies morphonological types of basic verbs of word-forming units in the Ukrainian language. The word-forming units play a dominant role in the systematization of Ukrainian word-formation, as it clearly traces the patterns of the internal mechanism, which is characterized by hierarchical connections between other complex units of the word-formation system (word-forming pairs, chains, series and word-forming paradigms). Reconstruction of the basic verbs of word-forming units makes it possible to correctly determine the direction of word-forming motivation, morphonological type and to establish a morphonological model. Their properties are clarified by the nature of the basic verb stem, morphonological transformations into morphonologically marked derivatives at different degrees of derivation. The spectrum of morphonological types of basic verbs of word-forming units in the Ukrainian language covers word-forming units of morphonological types of indivisible and divisible basic verbs of word-forming units. With indivisible basic verbs there are 5 morphological classes, with divisible basic verbs – 7.


With XRD and TEM methods,the texture and structure of carbon deposits on the W/MCM-22-based catalysts for reaction of dehydro-aromatization of CH_4 in absence of O_2 (DHAM) were observed,and the results showed that those carbon deposits on the catalysts undergoing 6 h of DHAM reaction were mainly amorphous carbon,occasionally involving a small quantity of carbon nanotubes and nanofibers,and that there was no confident XRD evidence for existence of graphitized carbon.With hydrofluoric acid to immerse the used catalyst to resolve the W/MCM-22-based catalyst components,followed by extraction by CH_2Cl_2,the two types of carbon deposits,soluble and insoluble in CH_2Cl_2 solvent,were separately obtained.Using FTIR,MS,and (~1H) NMR spectroscopies,characterization of those carbon deposits were done.The results indicated that the CH_2Cl_2-soluble carbon deposits were mainly a series of polymer of saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons with molecular weight in range of 523~745,and the CH_2Cl_2-insoluble carbon deposits were mainly macromolecular compounds of condensed aromatics.


China has experienced enormously rapid development since the open door policy introduced in 1979. Population has increased by 30% to 1.3 billion, and the annual GDP growth rate was 9.8 % in the last few years. However, frequent water disasters in recent years have caused significant damages to China's regional growth and societies. There are huge contemporary challenges for Chinese water resource management. In this paper, we examine three major challenges for China's water resource management, which are water scarcity, water pollution and flood management. We discuss some of China's past management strategies and its future water management plans which come with major new investment. China will be further developed during this century and we provide some thoughts on water resource management that could be undertaken in China to increase resilience in face of a capricious future.


For nearly a decade, the Wave Propagation Laboratory (WPL) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has pursued a program to develop and apply Doppler lidar techniques for measurement of a variety of atmospheric properties, including small-scale wind structure, turbulence, cloud properties, and aerosol climatology. Centerpiece of the effort has been a pulsed CO, lidar that was originally assembled in 1981, and which has undergone continuous modification, including a major upgrade in 1985. The current version of the system incorporates a pulsed TEA laser that produces approximately 1 J of energy per pulse at a wavelength of 10.6 pm with pulse repetition rates of up to 50 Hz. The system has a fundamental measurement accuracy of about 0.60 m s-l for velocity estimates at high signal levels. Range resolution is roughly 150 300 m, while maximum range varies from about 15 to 30 km, depending on aerosol concentration and absolute humidity. Although the system operating wavelength does not coincide with a water vapor absorption line, continuum absorption can still limit performance over longer path lengths. The lidar has been heavily used in field experiments ranging from Hawaii to California to Florida to Ontario, producing a number of new insights into atmospheric phenomena.


Acetaminophen overdoses are the number one cause of acute liver failure (ALF) in the United States; they account for 50% of all cases of ALF and carry a 30% mortality. Nevertheless, acetaminophen is a highly successful product with sales easily exceeding a billion dollars annually. A narcotic‐containing acetaminophen preparation is the number one generic drug sold in the United States. Historically, a strong association was claimed with alcohol as a co‐factor and the accidental nature of ingestions was emphasized but the association with alcohol remains a matter of debate. Recently, a very reliable assay has been developed which detects a byproduct of the toxic reaction, acetaminophen‐CYS adducts, protein‐acetaminophen compounds that are released from damaged hepatocytes in similar fashion to aminotransferases. The US Acute Liver Failure Study Group is a multi‐center network established to gather data prospectively on all forms of acute liver failure, a rare but often fatal condition. The group has data on more than 500 acetaminophen cases and described 275 of them in detail in a recent paper. The clinical pattern of presentation is somewhat different in the US compared with the UK, since nearly half are considered to be unintentional, the result of overuse of acetaminophen‐containing compounds for pain relief, without suicidal intent. Despite the relatively good prognosis for acetaminophen overdoses, 30% die once acute liver failure occurs and this is the largest cause of death in the entire ALF registry.


We present an analytical formula for the radiation resistance of planar short monopole antennas. The linear element of the antenna is placed parallel to a ground plane, extending beyond its edge. The approach, based on the solution for scattering of a plane wave impinging on a perfectly conducting half-plane, uses a combination of the reciprocity theorem, Fresnel integral approximation, and Poynting theorem to derive an analytical expression for the radiation resistance of such monopoles shorter than about lambda/10. The analytical results are in very good agreement with measurements and numerical simulation results carried out for a large and finite-size ground plane. It is found that the short planar monopole shows a radiation resistance that has a dominant term depending linearly-instead of quadratically-on the monopole height, thus providing relatively high values for quite short lengths. The same methodology is also applied to the case of a planar short dipole parallel to the half-plane's edge. However, a much lower radiation resistance is obtained in that case. The impact of these results on bent planar monopole designs is briefly discussed.


The problems of improving dynamic accuracy servosystem for arbitrarily changing the input action by means of ensuring partial invariance and astatic control are considered. It is shown that the increase a servosystem quality factor and simplified procedure of synthesis of corrective elements in parallel channels and high-speed positioning error compensation is possible due to the prior formation of optimal high-speed performance and precision of phase variables, such as position, speed, acceleration and jerk. For this purpose it is proposed instead of the intensity controllers (positional and high-speed S-ramps) and motion filters (previous filters) on the entrances position and speed loops to place adaptive reference model, which provides optimal formation of these phase variables over time. It is shown that significantly simplifies the process of synthesis of pre-emptive corrective links, as well as setting (parameterization) microprocessor controller. There are presented functional diagrams of the partially invariant electric drive system with adaptive reference model, as well as simulation results, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed technical solutions.


This study reports the impact of the data-driven learning (DDL) approach on ESL Saudi writers' general citation patterns that contribute to their general authorial voice. Specifically, the study examines the effects of the DDL activities on ESL writers' use of integral and non-integral citation patterns based on Swales' (1981, 1986, and 1990) modal of citation analysis and the extended scheme of classification set by Thompson & Tribble (2001). Guided use of both the Michigan Corpus of Upper-Level Student Papers (MICUSP) and WordandPhrase.info has been designed, implemented, and assessed with a representative sample of 32 ESL upper-intermediate and advanced writers in the Department of Translation in College of Languages at Princess Nourah bint Abul Rahman University (PNU). The effectiveness of the DDL activities in improving the writers' use of the citation patterns in composition of assignments is measured via a repeated measure paired t test. The study evaluates writers' authorial voice in terms of their use of integral and non-integral citation patterns. The quantitative analysis reveals that participants' integral patterns (n = 398) of citation significantly outnumbered non-integral patterns (n = 126). The verb-controlling pattern occurred the most (n = 320), constituting 61% of total citation patterns. Results of the paired sample t test reveals a significant statistical difference between participants' performances before and after the integration of the DDL activities, with the mean value being increased from 2.285 to 3.778. These results inform pedagogical implications of the DDL approach in ESL writing. The conceptual framework implementing the DDL approach in the present study provides guidance for applying corpus-informed tools when designing writing activities for upper-intermediate to advanced ESL learners.


Background: As many as 12% of the 1.6 million American nursing home residents receive long term oral anticoagulant therapy with warfarin to prevent strokes and other thromboembolic events. Warfarin is among the medications most frequently associated with emergency department visits, hospitalizations and death1-2, and, unfortunately, the quality of warfarin management in the LTC setting has been shown to be suboptimal.3-4 Previous research estimates that there may be as many as 34,000 fatal, life-threatening, or serious adverse warfarin-related adverse events annually, and that the majority of the most serious events are preventable.4-5 Nursing home residents on warfarin that are co-prescribed antibiotics are at even higher risk for adverse events.3, 6 Given the incidence of residents in American long term care (LTC) facilities receiving warfarin, the safe and effective utilization of anticoagulants in the long term care setting is of paramount importance. Despite the high level of resident oversight afforded by LTC facilities, high quality warfarin management continues to prove elusive. Mandated features of LTC services such as control of patient diet and medication administration, routine skilled nursing assessment, and mandated monthly drug regimen reviews, have proven insufficient to provide the levels of safety and INR control achieved in other settings. Likewise, interventions designed to improve nurse-physician communication relating to warfarin management have not demonstrated the ability to significantly reduce preventable adverse events.7


This paper argues for the importance of the alba, a medieval genre of courtly love poetry, to Ford Madox Ford's oeuvre and particularly to his tetralogy Parade's End. While the influence of troubadour songs and culture on Ford is widely recognised, no work has yet been devoted to the presence of the alba in his work. Describing a scene in which a knight and lady's adulterous love affair is interrupted by the coming of dawn, the alba invests daybreak with erotic and dramatic potential. Ford co-opts the conventions of this poetic form to illuminate and intensify one of the tetralogy's central themes: the analogy between love and war. In Parade's End daybreak repeatedly spells the interruption of the lovers' bliss and the end of the soldiers' vigil. The alba shows the motif to be key to the work's treatment of the love/war parallelism.


Abstract : This report states that there exists a whole group of antigens -- nucleic acids -- united by a similarity in chemical structure, to which there is a corresponding group of antibodies, possessing known varieties. American investigators have established that the DNA of T-even phages, which contains glucosylated 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, is easily distinguished in immunological tests from other preparations of DNA, containing ribose. It is thought that the study of the antigenic activity of nucleic acids from viruses of animal, plant and bacterial origin will render a significant help in decoding the molecular structure of these biopolymers.


The invention discloses a short message and incoming call processing method and a short message and incoming call processing method of a mobile terminal. The short message and incoming call processing method includes: performing at most threshold times of voice prompts when the mobile terminal receives new incoming calls or new short messages; detecting whether a first user voice command for processing the new incoming calls or new short messages exists or not during voice prompt; and processing the new incoming calls or new short messages correspondingly when detecting the first user voice command. By the short message and incoming call processing method, the new incoming calls or short messages can be received and the user voice commands corresponding to the new incoming calls or new short messages can be detected, the new incoming calls or new short messages can be processed correspondingly without hand operations and eye attention of the users according to the user voice commands.


Hannes Alfven was born on May 30, 1908, in Norrkoping, Sweden. After a fulfilling life and career replete with remarkable achievements, he died in his home in Djursholm, Sweden, on April 2, 1995, shortly before his 87th birthday. During his career, Alfven made a number of fundamental theoretical discoveries. The one for which he is best known is the magnetohydrodynamic (hydro-magnetic) wave, commonly called the Alfven wave. But he also invented a number of other fundamental concepts that are not as closely associated with his name. These include simplifications in the concepts with which we treat the behavior of ionized gases (plasmas). Alfven found the established way of calculating particle orbits, known as Stormer orbit theory, to be impractical, especially in the energy range relevant to auroras. This led him to develop a new tool, the guiding-center approximation for the motion of charged particles in electric and magnetic fields. Alfven also discovered the first adiabatic invariant of charged particle motion, and he invented the concept of frozen-in magnetic flux. Together, these tools established magnetohydrodynamics as a resource and as a field of research. It is difficult to imagine working today in plasma physics without using the tools he provided. In 1970, this work, cited as "contributions and fundamental discoveries in magnetohydrodynamics," earned him a Nobel Prize for Physics.


This paper reported the control effect of the mixture of Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt) with biological insecticide Success to Plutella xylostella L.and Pieris rapae L.in the field trial.The results showed that the preparation could controll effectively to drug-fast Plutella xylostella L.The control effect of mixture was better than single Bt strain and biological insecticide Success to Plutella xylostella L.and Pieris rapae L.The control effect of the preparation to these larvae could be enhanced in the field.


Warehouse receipt systems (WRS) allow farmers and traders to access markets and financial systems. While this system is not new in Uganda, as seen by both public and private effort since 2004 during its pilot, very little is known why it failed to ensure market access and credit. With the Uganda Warehouse Receipt System Authority in place, the government of Uganda seeks to reinstate the public warehouse receipt system with a focus on the electronic WRS (E-WRS). This study therefore seeks to document perceived benefits and challenges of private sector stakeholders of the WRS in Uganda. This paper relies on qualitative data and follows the Structure-Conduct-Performance framework used to analyse agricultural commodity markets. The results reveal that while the market structure and conduct of the pilot WRS was implemented as theorized, it faced various barriers that led to poor market performance. Despite the challenges, actors are optimistic that reinstating the WRS will lead to better access to markets and credit. The paper draws important policy implications for the implementation of the WRS including the need for government to spearhead promotion of standards; improvements in smallholder productivity; capacity strengthening of collective action; and the importance of increased sensitization on all aspects of the WRS.


The experimental and numerical results on the processes of capillary impregnation and drying of porous materials are presented. Two methods of humidification of the media with high developed surface and inner porous structures are considered. Comparison of the methods is performed, and the influence of the impregnation velocity on the silica gel grain geometries is analyzed. The drying of the silica gel is carried out in three modes: microwave, convective and acoustic convective modes. The effect of the mode on the drying velocity and quality of the drying material is demonstrated. A mathematical model based on 2D diffusion law is proposed for description of the experimental data. Numerical distributions of moisture in cylindrical silica gel samples are obtained for different initial moisture values. In this case, empirical diffusion coefficients along with water-yielding capacity dependence on the acoustic-convective frequency are implemented.


We use a dataset of 38 field‐mapped channel heads from a semi‐arid environment in western Colorado to examine relationships between contributing drainage area (A) and local hillslope gradient (θ) in relation to dominant process of initiation (surface runoff versus subsurface flow). Channel heads resulting primarily from subsurface flow have significantly greater values of A, longer basin lengths, and shallower local gradients than channel heads resulting primarily from surface runoff. We also compare the data from western Colorado to six analogous datasets from more humid regions in other portions of the United States and in southeast Australia. Comparison of the confidence intervals for the exponent values of A–θ regression lines reveals that the confidence intervals for the exponent of western Colorado channel heads with both surface and subsurface flow overlap with the confidence intervals for the exponent of all other datasets. This suggests that A–θ relationships do not differ significantly between diverse geographic locations. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Ascochyta blight is the most severe disease of cool-season pulses (Davidson and Kimber, 2007). The species Didymella fabae (anamorph Ascochyta fabae) that attacks Vicia faba can survive and reproduce in and spread from crop debris or be transported in infected seed. Introduction on infected seed occurred in Australia and Canada in the 1970s, and was probably the means for the pathogens original spread to countries outside of southwestern Asia. Ascospores are disseminated by wind from the debris as primary inoculum and secondary cycles are initiated by conidia spread by rain splash from plant lesions. The fungus is host-specific in causing disease but may be able to survive in non-host plants and reproduce on their debris. It is not treated as a phytosanitary risk or listed as an invasive pathogen by major organizations. Seed certification is the primary means of preventing its spread to new areas and the importation of new genotypes of the fungus to areas already infested.


Adaptive focusing particle swarm optimization(AFPSO) based on the balance characteristic between global search and local search of particle swarm optimization was an adaptive swarm intelligence optimization algorithm with preferable ability of global search and search rate.In order to control the air supply system of proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC),an air supply system mechanism model of PEMFC was developed and multi-objective AFPSO was proposed to achieve H ∞ robust control for this model.The simulation results show that the H ∞ robust control method could obtain great control effect for the air supply system of PEMFC and make the system stable operation when the vehicle running process was simulated.The comprehensive comparison with other control methods demonstrate that the H ∞ robust control method had manifest superiority and validity.Therefore,the H ∞ robust control based on multi-objective AFPSO makes important supervise effect for designing the real-time control system of PEMFC.


We report the use of fluorescein−polyethylene glycol (Fluor-PEG) to noncovalently functionalize single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) for obtaining water-soluble nanotube conjugates (Fluor-PEG/SWNT) and simultaneously affording fluorescence labels to nanotubes. We find serendipitously that fluorescein, a widely used fluorophore, can strongly adsorb onto the sidewall of the SWNTs, likely via π-stacking, and the hydrophilic PEG chain imparts high aqueous solubility. Interaction between fluorescein and SWNT is pH dependent; it weakens as the pH is increased, causing the Fluor-PEG/SWNT conjugate to be less stable at high pHs. Fluorescein molecules bound to SWNTs exhibit interesting pH-dependent optical absorbance and fluorescence properties that are distinct from free molecules, as a result of pH-dependent interactions with SWNT sidewalls. Fluorescence emission from fluorescein adsorbed on SWNT is quenched by ∼67%, but remains sufficient and useful as a fluorescent label. The utility of Fluor-PEG/SWNT as a s...


This paper inquire into the nature of Cuenca's in-between landscapes –those 'partly urban-partly rural" spaces next to the city–. The study has a double aim to be developed simultaneously. On one side it is the question of qualifying a territory whose duality as urban and rural, accounts for its indistinctness and the consequent little attention it has received by both urban and rural studies. On the other side is the question of "how" to approach such territory to truly grasp and unfold the meaning of its inherent contradictions, and the logics of its development. Spatial mapping and bricolage –as a conceptual tool–I are used to engage the intricate interactions between the landscape, its actors and their ways of producing this landscape. Palabras clave: spatial configuration; spatial practices; urban bricolage; spatial mapping


A renormalization group calculation of forced helical turbulence is presented. It is shown that : (i) helicity produces an additional term, proportional to curl ∇2v (v = velocity), which is an irrelevant perturbation of the viscous damping; (ii) the helical part of the forcing is never more than a marginal perturbation; (iii) when the magnetohydrodynamics equations are used instead of the Navier-Stokes equations, helicity generates a relevant perturbation of the Joule damping, proportional to curl b (b = magnetic field).


In this article I argue that caution, suspicion and even paranoia are natural outcomes, as well as processes generative, of the behaviour of knowledge and of knowing in the Cuban religious cosmos, and beyond it. "Knowers", here, may be variably absent, invisible, or immanent in the social plane, which implies necessary, if temporary, vacuums of knowledge and of certainty. I start with an anecdote from my fieldwork in Havana, Cuba, among spirit mediums, of being accused by one of my interlocutors of being a spy for the Cuban government. I then reason that this paranoid "intrusion" into my self-definition was less a case of what went wrong but of what went right. Spirits of the dead are master instigators of both relations and fracturing suspicion between people, and the economy of Afro-Cuban religious knowledge is one with many absences and invisibilities, generating pervasive doubt and spiritual insecurity. In order to come to grips with this distressing accusation I had to reflexively reconstitute my own forms of extreme proximity with practitioners and their muertos (spirits), the ontological uncertainties that were implied by this proximity, and the role of non-living entities in the equations of everyday life, including mine.


Organic electronics progresses as an alternative to silicon. "This is a type of technology that replaces the latter with organic matter, which completion would mean the elimination of energy costs in the production of "electronic silicon," apart from other limited minerals that are essential in its implementation, such as lithium," says Professor of Physical Chemistry of the UMA Juan Casado Cordón, who has led a study which investigates the properties of carbon-based molecules for a new version of organic electronics: spintronics, defined as microelectronics based on the spin of the electron, one of the characteristics, together with the charge, of electrons.


Nanoformulations are regarded as a promising tool to enable the efficient delivery of active pharmaceutical ingredients to the target site. One of the best-known and most studied nanoformulations are liposomes—spherical phospholipid bilayered nanocarriers resembling cell membranes. In order to assess the possible effect of a mixture of polyphenols on both the stability of the formulation and its biological activity, two compounds were embedded in the liposomes—(i) curcumin (CUR), (ii) a peracetylated derivative of (−)-epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate (pEGCG), and (iii) a combination of the aforementioned. The stability of the formulations was assessed in two different temperature ranges (4–8 and 20 °C) by monitoring both the particle size and their concentration. It was found that after 28 days of the experiment, the liposomes remained largely unchanged in terms of the particle size distribution, with the greatest change from 130 to 146 nm. The potential decomposition of the carried substances was evaluated using HPLC. The combined CUR and pEGCG was sensitive to temperature conditions; however its stability was greatly increased when compared to the solutions of the individual compounds alone—up to 9.67% of the initial concentration of pEGCG in liposomes after 28 days storage compared to complete decomposition within hours for the non-encapsulated sample. The potential of the prepared formulations was assessed in vitro on prostate (LNCaP) and bladder cancer (5637) cell lines, as well as on a non-cancerous human lung fibroblast cell line (MRC-5), with the highest activity of IC50 equal 15.33 ± 2.03 µM for the mixture of compounds towards the 5637 cell line.


The article reviews the exhibition "The Diversity of All and Everything Possible," the 12th International Cairo Biennale, held in Cairo, Egypt from December 2010 to February 2011.


We consider an MAP/G/1 retrial queue where the server is subjected to starting failure.If the server is started successfully(with a probability θ),the customer gets service immediately.Otherwise,the "repair" for the server commences immediately.We obtain the distribution of the system size and the mean of busy period.


Analogy has been proposed as a possible principle for example-based machine translation. For such a framework to work properly, the training data should contain a large number of analogies between sentences. Consequently, such a framework can only work properly with short and repetitive sentences. To handle longer and more varied sentences, cutting the sentences into chunks could be a solution if the number of analogies between chunks is confirmed to be large. This paper thus reports counts of number of analogies using different numbers of chunk markers in 11 European languages. These experiments confirm that the number of analogies between chunks is very large: several tens of thousands of analogies between chunks extracted from sentences among which only very few analogies, if not none, were found.


In the suburbs of Brasilia, family health is taken care of in particular by elderly women. They know the official and non-official shortcuts inside the health system, medicines that each of the family members should take and the places where medicines can be bought cheaper or received for free. They also make experiments with pills and capsules - each ones are strong or dangerous, which ones have to be substituted or combined with different drugs, etc. This paper aims to discuss how informal networks sharing pharmaceutical knowledge and local forms of communication between family members, neighbors and health professionals determine a wider, more complex understanding of health. It is based on an ethnographic research with older residents of Guariroba district in Ceilândia, DF, which are in familiar terms with hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Some of the data that support the discussion are the life stories of these migrants towards the Federal District (Brasilia region, in Brasil); the consumption of drugs as a generator of bodily and social experiences of falling ill; self-medication as a practice even after having been seen at the local health agents. This paper wants to emphasize that technical opinion and products offered by official agents of health care did not prevent interviewed women of resorting regularly to a much wider and creative network, neither replaced it. It wants also to show that to perfection this network is a public demonstration of involvement and commitment of these caregivers with their patients' recovery or stability.


This article proposes a rough-set-based approach to early analysis of design concepts. The approach aims at providing a metrics to facilitate the evaluation of design concepts and enable early detection of inadequacy in design. Based on the rough set theory, an information system can be constructed using information such as design concepts and product capabilities gleaned from past designs. This information is then used to derive a set of design rules for the analysis of new design concepts. The proposed approach embodies a novel technique for the handling of unavailable information, which is a frequent occurrence in product design. It is augmented with a mechanism for incremental updating of design rules. The details of the approach, the mechanism for incremental updating of design rules and two case studies are presented in this article.


Large scale sensor networks can be efficiently managed by dividing them into several clusters. With the help of cluster heads, each cluster communicates using some routing schedule. It is essential to rotate the role of cluster heads in a cluster to distribute energy consumption if we do not have dedicated high energy cluster heads. Usually routing and cluster head selection for such networks have been separately solved. If cluster heads are selected with the consideration of routing and routing schedule is prepared with the consideration of selected cluster heads, it can help each other. We have proposed an integrated approach of cluster head selection and routing in two tier wireless sensor network (WSN) using Genetic Algorithm based cluster head selection with A-Star algorithm based routing method to extend life of WSN. This approach can lead to significant improvements in the network lifetime over other techniques.


A single accelerator LSI chip for image labeling is presented, and an algorithm for primary labeling suitable for hardware implementation is proposed. The algorithm determines primary labels by using a simple 2*2 head window. The labeling LSI performs all labeling processes, including primary labeling, labeling unification, and secondary labeling. It runs at 40 MHz and can generate up to 4094 primary labels for handling both 4-point and 8-point connectivity.<<ETX>>


The invention relates to disabling inter-view prediction for reference picture list in video coding. According to the invention, a video coder signals, in a bitstream, a syntax element that indicates whether inter-view/layer reference pictures are ever included in a reference picture list for a current view component/layer representation. A video decoder obtains, from the bitstream, the syntax element that indicates whether inter-view/layer reference pictures are ever included in a reference picture list for a current view component/layer representation. The video decoder decodes the current view component/layer representation.


This paper is intended to establish a predicting model for detecting sound absorbing properties of activated carbon fiber materials.The sound absorbing properties of viscose-based activated carbon fibers with different specifications were tested using an impedance tube in the 250-1 600 Hz middle and low frequencies acoustic range.Based on the theoretic models of inherent impedance and propagation constant proposed by Delany and Bazley,the predicting model of acoustic inherent impedance and propagation constant of activated carbon fibers is established by employing the least square method.Moreover,the model of sound absorbing coefficient of activated carbon fibers is developed.The comparison of the computed values using the model with the experimental ones showed basically consistent,indicating the model has certain degree of confidence and provides a theoretical basis for the development and design of sound absorbing materials of activated carbon fibers.


Abstract Drexel's Writers Room is a university-community literary arts program engaged in creative placemaking and art for social justice. Since 2014, our work has focused on two major themes: how we, as a community of writers ages 18-80, can create and connect through story; and how together we can address some of the changes we are seeing in the local neighborhood around Drexel's campus. This presentation will provide an overview of how the method of co-creation, core to our program since its inception, has allowed us to develop the concept for a writers house and intergenerational homesharing network as an aging-in-place and anti-displacement strategy; build the extensive cross-sector partner network needed to implement it, and earn crucial neighborhood and institutional support. The goal is for attendees to leave with ideas for how this concept might be adapted in their own communities.


The boundedness and compactness of weighted composition operators from Dirichlettype spaces into Stević-type spaces are investigated in this paper. Some estimates for the essential norm of weighted composition operators are also given. Mathematics subject classification (2010): 30H10, 47B33.


The invention relates to a device for detecting a water leak in a network, comprising a water meter (7), a pulse emitter (8) adapted for transmitting information from said counter (7) to data processing means (3). It is characterized in that said data processing means (3) comprises, on the one hand, at least two pulse meters (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17) adapted for operation according to a given flow value of the network and, on the other hand, by means for measuring the network flow (6) capable of selecting the meter (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17) adapted to the measured flow.


The Brandeis CCD Angle Monitor (BCAM) has been selected by the ATLAS collaboration to perform the polar alignment of the endcap muon system. This note describes the procedure for obtaining the nine calibration parameters which characterize any BCAM. This work was performed at Brandeis University. 1 Description of Prototype BCAM Camera The operation of the BCAM camera is described in Atlas Note The BCAM Camera . It is essentially a lens CCD camera with the addition of an infrared (IR) lter in front of the lens, an aperture immediately behind the lens, and two (front-surface-re ecting) mirrors between the lens and CCD that bend the light path back upon itself to keep the overall package smaller (see Figure 1). Figure 1: These are pictures of a BCAM with its cover (and IR lter) taken o and electronics removed. In the left picture, the light proceeds through the lens at the lower right, re ects o the mirrors at the top, and is recorded by the CCD at the bottom left. In the right picture, one may see the aperture behind the lens at the upper left, the two mirrors at the lower left and right, and the front of the CCD at the upper right. The screw holes on the optical table are placed at 1 inch (25.4 cm) intervals to give a sense of scale. The BCAM is uniquely placed onto a set of three balls by a kinematic mount machined into the base of each camera. The mount consists of a conical shaped receptacle (cone), an elongated conical shaped Email: email@example.com ATLAS note in preparation. 1 A T L -M U O N -2 00 002 6


The calculation of deformed state of cantilever and doubly supported steel I-beams after removing of concentrated or distributed loads is presented in the article. Isosurfaces of deformation tensor of the I-beams material for all components are calculated. The conclusion about direction and intensity of volumetric deformation of the Ibeams material by the color isosurfaces is given.


When I attended Grand Rapids Central High twenty years ago, I didn't hear much about writing contests for students, except for the ageless Scholastic Awards and the NCTE Writing Achievement Awards, which were teacher-chosen and only for the really bright kids. I do recall some stodgy essay contests-"My Responsibility as a Citizen" and "Why Earl Warren Should Be Impeached." But, aside from the local Moose Lodge, there were few sponsors in my area of Michigan. Not so today. The colleges of my state are sniffing potential English majors like my Irish setter greets strangers at the door. They find these yearly competitions a smooth way to entice sharp high school students onto their campuses for a spiderlike visit into the collegiate web. Many Boards of Trustees are giving college English department budgets the squeeze, not to mention teaching positions, and so some department heads have legitimized some of their monies by getting involved with their local educational communities. The academic fallout from this has drifted


PURPOSE. To investigate the influence of diabetes on the cleavage of C-terminal amino acid residues of αA- and aB-crystallins in human and rat lenses. METHODS. The human lenses were diabetic or age-matched control lenses from donors 57, 59, 69, and 72 years of age. Lenses were also obtained from streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Individual lens crystallins in water-soluble fractions were separated by gel-permeation chromatography. The high (aH)- and low (αL)-molecular-weight fractions were analyzed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. RESULTS. A typical mass spectrum of aA-crystallin from human lenses showed intact unmodified aA-crystallin, truncated αA 1-172 , and monophosphorylated αA-crystallin. Diabetic lenses showed nearly twofold higher levels of αA 1-172 than did the control lenses. Also, the aH fraction consistently showed significantly higher levels of αA 1-172 than the aL fraction. Human aB-crystallin showed no evidence of C-terminal truncation. Rat aA-crystallin had five C-terminal-truncated components, most of which showed substantial increases in diabetes. Truncated αA 1-162 appeared only in the diabetic rat lenses, suggesting specific activation of m-calpain in diabetes. aB-crystallin had only one C-terminal-truncated component, αB 1-170 , which also showed increased levels in diabetes. CONCLUSIONS. These data suggest that diabetic stress causes either enzymatic or nonenzymatic cleavage of peptide bonds between specific C-terminal amino acid residues. Such truncated α-crystallins appear to contribute to an increased level of the aH fraction generally present in diabetic lenses. Loss of αA-crystallin chaperone activity seems to be related to truncation of the C-terminal amino acid residues.


The invention relates to a labyrinth type regulating valve with porous sleeves. The labyrinth type regulating valve with the porous sleeves comprises a valve body, a valve seat, a valve element, a valve rod and a valve cover. The valve body is of a high-inlet low-out structure. A sleeve assembly is installed between the outer periphery of the sealing plane of the valve seat and the valve cover. The outer circular face of the valve element is in dynamic fit with the inner circular wall of the sleeve assembly. Primarily, the sleeve assembly is formed by combining the multiple porous sleeves in a concentric sleeving mode. The inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are each provided with a plurality of radial through holes. The sleeve with a plurality of long arc holes in the arc direction is installed between the two sleeves with the radial through holes, one end of each long arc hole of the sleeve communicates with the corresponding radial through hole of the sleeve on the inner side of the sleeve with the long arc holes, and the other end of each long arc hole of the sleeve communicates with the corresponding radial through hole of the sleeve on the outer side of the sleeve with the long arc holes. A balance cylinder is installed between the sleeve assembly and the valve cover. The outer circular face of a cylinder of the valve element is in dynamic sealing fit with the inner wall of the balance cylinder. A through hole enabling an inner cavity of the balance cylinder and an outlet channel of the valve body to communicate is formed between the upper end face and the lower end face of the cylinder of the valve element. The labyrinth type regulating valve with the porous sleeves has the advantages that regulation linearity is good, scouring of fluid on the sealing plane is slight, the service life is long, and noise is low.


Title: "A Bizarre Mirror Version of the Real World": Modernity in Three Mythic Fiction Novels by Emma Bull, Keith Donohue, and Tad Williams Author: Saga Bokne Supervisor: Marius Hentea Abstract: Traditionally, fantasy literature has often been suspicious of modernity, typically portraying rural, pre-industrial communities as threatened by the destructive forces of modernisation. However, it has been suggested that more nuanced pictures may be found in fantasy works with contemporary settings. This paper examines constructions of modernity in three such novels: War for the Oaks by Emma Bull, The Stolen Child by Keith Donohue, and The War of the Flowers by Tad Williams. These novels all place fairy creatures drawn from Celtic folklore in modern urban environments, and the aim of this paper is to investigate the visions of modernity that emerge through these encounters. The paper is structured around three focus areas: the picture of the modern city and urbanisation, the effects of modernisation on the natural environment, and the transformation of society under modernity. Theories on modernity, supplemented with ecocritical theory and writings on urban literature, illuminate the discussion. As this paper demonstrates, the juxtaposition of the modern world and ancient folklore raises a range of fundamental questions about the essence of modernity, including the relationship between culture and nature, the place of history and tradition within modernity, and the relationship between the individual and society. Furthermore, by exploring the sometimes very different visions in the three novels, this paper refutes the claim of an inherent ideology of fantasy. Traditionally, fantasy literature has often been suspicious of modernity, typically portraying rural, pre-industrial communities as threatened by the destructive forces of modernisation. However, it has been suggested that more nuanced pictures may be found in fantasy works with contemporary settings. This paper examines constructions of modernity in three such novels: War for the Oaks by Emma Bull, The Stolen Child by Keith Donohue, and The War of the Flowers by Tad Williams. These novels all place fairy creatures drawn from Celtic folklore in modern urban environments, and the aim of this paper is to investigate the visions of modernity that emerge through these encounters. The paper is structured around three focus areas: the picture of the modern city and urbanisation, the effects of modernisation on the natural environment, and the transformation of society under modernity. Theories on modernity, supplemented with ecocritical theory and writings on urban literature, illuminate the discussion. As this paper demonstrates, the juxtaposition of the modern world and ancient folklore raises a range of fundamental questions about the essence of modernity, including the relationship between culture and nature, the place of history and tradition within modernity, and the relationship between the individual and society. Furthermore, by exploring the sometimes very different visions in the three novels, this paper refutes the claim of an inherent ideology of fantasy.


For microwave photonics (MWP), integrated mode-locked lasers can find applications as a local oscillator. Using hybrid intregrated lasers, it is possible to directly integrate such a light source with a signal processing circuit. In this paper we show the mode-locking of a hybrid integrated laser designed for continuous wave operation. Due to the filter present in the laser cavity, the laser outputs narrow combs preserving high power per line, which is a key requirement in many MWP-related applications. The filter also serves as a tunable delay, which can be used to tune the line spacing of the optical frequency comb. We show a 573 MHz tuning range of the fundamental beat note of the optical frequency comb, between 1.9 and 2.5 GHz. This wide tuning range, adds flexibility to the modelocked laser without needing a driving radio frequency source to modulate the optics as local oscillator.


Parameter estimation was performed for a model of blood volume change during hemodialysis. A sensitivity analysis of the effects of model parameter variation on the predicted blood volume change showed that three of eleven model parameters should be estimated. A Bayesian parameter estimator was used with data collected from fourteen maintenance hemodialysis patients. Initial results indicated that events at the beginning of hemodialysis were not accounted for in the model. Inclusion of the effects of a proposed capillary pressure fall in the model improved the model fit.<<ETX>>


With the rapid development of China economy, China urbanization process is entering high–speed development period. At the same time, the development of underground space is also entering the high-speed period. The development of underground space and the safety of the city is inseparable, the development of underground space is playing an important role in the settlement of the current urban safety, the constraints of the urban land resource, the narrow of the building space, the traffic jams, the worsening environmental pollution and city disaster prevention ability inadequacy, plays a more and more important role. Based on the analysis of urban safety that the city is facing, this paper makes full discussion of the relationship between the development of underground space and urban safety as well as the urban problem-solving approach.


The masses of supermassive black holes correlate almost perfectly with the velocity dispersions of their host bulges, Mbh ∝ σα, where α = 4.8 ± 0.5. The relation is much tighter than the relation between Mbh and bulge luminosity, with a scatter no larger than expected on the basis of measurement error alone. Black hole masses recently estimated by Magorrian et al. lie systematically above the Mbh-σ relation defined by more accurate mass estimates, some by as much as 2 orders of magnitude. The tightness of the Mbh-σ relation implies a strong link between black hole formation and the properties of the stellar bulge.


The utility model relates to an oil-water separating device, in particular to an oil-water separating device for an oil-gas recovery system. The inside of a separating chamber is divided into an oil-separating chamber, a water-collecting chamber and a water-discharging chamber, wherein the wall surface of the oil-separating chamber is provided with a mixed liquid inlet and an oil-receiving port; the upper parts and the lower parts of the oil-separating chamber and the water-collecting chamber are communicated, the middle parts thereof are blocked by an oil-separating baffle; the upper parts ofthe water-collecting chamber and the water-discharging chamber are communicated and the lower parts are blocked by a liquid level baffle; and the wall surface of the water-discharging chamber is provided with a water-discharging port. The oil-water separating device uses the difference of density of oil and water to separate the oil and water in the oil-separating chamber in an up-down manner, gasoline reaches to a certain height in the oil-separating chamber, an anti-explosion floating ball liquid level controller transmits signals, an electromagnetic valve is opened, the gasoline is automatically discharged from the upper oil-receiving port, the mixed liquid passes through the oil-separating baffle and enters the water-collecting chamber from the bottom part, the height of the liquid level baffle is used for maintaining oil-water interface, and the gasoline is guaranteed separated in the oil-separating chamber; and after the separation of gasoline, the sewage turns into the water-discharging chamber from the upper part of the liquid level baffle and is discharged by the water-discharging port.


Peanut is rich in nutrition and the flavor of its products varies according to the processing technology.Peanut was roasted,pressure steamed,extracted by simultaneous distillation and extraction(SED) and then condensed for GC-MS analysis of its volatile aroma components.Aldehydes,pyrazine,alcohol,ketone and hydroxybenzene were found in the volatile aroma of processed peanuts,with their contents being of accounted for 53.29%,14.66%,6.13%,1.03%,and 7.73%,respectively.And pyridine,pyrrole,thiophene,and others accounted for 17.02%.Besides,two important fragrances,2-acetyl-1-pyrroline and 2-Methyloxy-4-vinylpheyol,were also detected in the volatile aroma of processed peanuts.


Purpose To compare the therapeutic results of two radiotherapy (RT) dose schedules in combined temozolomide- (TMZ-) RT treatment in newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GB), according to the O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) methylation status. Material and Method Patients received either standard (60 Gy) or moderately escalated dose (70 Gy) radiotherapy (RT) with concomitant and adjuvant TMZ between June 2006 and October 2013. We retrospectively evaluated the therapeutic effectiveness of RT schedules in terms of Overall Survival (OS) and Progression-Disease Free Survival (PDFS) analyzing the MGMT methylation status. Results One hundred and seventeen patients were selected for the present analysis. Seventy-two out of the selected cases received the standard RT-TMZ course (SDRT-TMZ) whereas the remaining 45 underwent the escalated schedule (HDRT-TMZ). The analysis according to the MGMT promoter methylation status showed that, in unmethylated-MGMT GB patients, HDRT-TMZ and SDRT-TMZ groups had different median OS (p = 0,01) and PDFS (p = 0,007), that is, 8 months and 5 months for the SDRT-TMZ group and 14 months and 9 months for the HDRT-TMZ group, respectively. No difference in survival outcomes was found in methylated MGMT patients according to the two RT schedules (p = 0,12). Conclusions In our experience, unmethylated-MGMT GB patients benefited from a moderately escalated dose of RT plus TMZ.


Traditional models in biology do not describe modern extraordinary situations when the whole species composition is mixed. The article deals with oscillatory equations and non-dissipative population dynamics for specific environmental situations that are associated with alien species in ecosystems. During the invasion of new species, the resistance of the biotic environment may be completely absent for a considerable time. Under such conditions, with a high specific fecundity, nonstationary regimes of change in numbers arise. A pest outbreak is realized with an explosive growth phase. All outbreaks of fish and insects are some brief extreme episodes that end with a new state of the environment and the aggressive new species. Completion options are varied even in the example of one malicious species of comb jelly Mnemiopsis leidyi in Azov and Caspian Sea. Transition to relaxation oscillations after a comb jelly outbreak is possible. A new species may become a small group or even disappear in case minN(t; r) = 0. The paper proposes a model based on the lagging regulation for actual scenarios of population behaviour in a new environment. In computational experiments we have shown the conditions for stabilization after an outbreak in an extremely small group of individuals or complete disappearance after collapse. A separate scenario describes the complete depletion of environmental resources during fluctuations with a significant amplitude. The most relevant is the model scenario of stabilization at minimum values after a rapid change in the phases of the outbreak and a transition to the depression of the pest number in the modification of the differential equation of Bazykin and Hutchinson model.


Participants at a recent Wingspread conference on civic engagement in higher education (Brukardt et al. 2004)1 concluded that while the movement has created some change, it has also plateaued and requires a more comprehensive effort to ensure lasting commitment and institutional capacity. For the participants at Wingspread, and for others involved in civic engagement in higher education, the time has come for "calling the question" of whether engagement will be viewed as a core value of the university of the 21st century – as centrally important to the civic mission of higher education and to generating and transmitting new knowledge (Bjarnason, S. and P. Coldstream, eds., 2003, p. 323)2. The concern is that "engagement has not become the defining characteristic of higher education's mission nor has it been embraced across disciplines, departments and institutions" (ii) and "that the momentum needed for engagement to become fully identified with the mission of higher education" (4) is waning. As the participants concluded, despite widespread evidence of innovative engagement activities across higher education, "few institutions have made the significant, sustainable, structural reforms that will result in an academic culture that values community engagement as a core function of the institution" (5).


The pathogenicity, development and reproductive potential of entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema masoodi (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) was investigated in HIicoverpa armigera (Hubner) under laboratory conditions. The bioassays v/ere done by noting mortality across a range of nematode concentrations, describing the temporal progression of infection, and role of the symbiotic bacteria in causing mortality by utilizing axenic nematodes. The life cycle of S. masoodi was completed within 4-5 days of infection at 28°C. Bacteria-free (axenic) third stage juveniles of S. masoodi were unable to kill H. armigera but become infective after acquisition of symbiotic bacteria, whereas nematode alone made no contribution towards death of insect larva. In filter paper bioassay, mean larval mortality of different stages of H. armigera ranged from 43.3 to 74.8% after 72 h post-exposure of various dosage of infective juveniles (Us). Third and fourth instar larvae (74.5 and 74.8% mortality, respectively) were more susceptible than fifth (66.2%) and second (43.3%) instar. Absolute mortality of fourth instar larvae was recorded at a dose of 100 Us/larva whereas lowest mortality (22.7%) of second stage H. armigera larva was obtained at nematode concentration of 25 Us. The highest nematodes production (mean ± SE) was obtained from last instar larva (125,460 ± 13,358) followed by fifth (64,097 ± 10,212), fourth (14,770 ± 2,619), second (10,207 ± 2,302) and third (6,765 ± 1,458) instar. Overall, mean number of 216,951 ± 15,650 IJs/g of body weight of larva was obtained. 3.


Objective To investigate the effect of anti TNF alpha monoclonal antibody on skeletal muscle ischemia reperfusion injury.Methods Twenty four healthy male Sprague Dawley rats,weighing 250 to 300?g,were divided into three groups.Group A underwent anesthetization and external jugular vein cannulation alone (Sham).Group B underwent 4?h left hind limb ischemia followed by 4?h reperfusion (Control).Group C underwent ischemia and reperfusion,but was treated intravenously with anti TNF alpha monoclonal antibody (TN3 19.12,2?mg/kg) at the time of reperfusion (treatment).Standard assays were performed for plasma level of TNF alpha and activity of skeletal muscle and lung myeloperoxidase (MPO).Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM 1) protein translation level of endothelium and CD18 of neutrophil were assessed by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry respectively.Skeletal muscle and lung were also observed ultrastructurally.Results Skeletal muscle ischemia reperfusion (SMIR) was contributed to significant increase of the level of TNF alpha in plasma (P0.01).Anti TNF alpha monoclonal antibody managed to block the increased TNF alpha in plasma (P 0.01). Skeletal muscle ischemia reperfusion resulted in a distinct increase in the level of MPO.However,treatment with anti TNF alpha monoclonal antibody significantly lowered the level of MPO (sleletal muscle: 2.11±0.25 vs 4.28±0.55,P0.01; lung: 0.93±0.01 vs 2.62±0.10,P0.01).ICAM 1 of endothelim in skeletal muscle and lung was markedly downregulated by SMIR,so was CD18 (48.75±9.28 vs 1.13±0.20,P0.01) of neutrophil.Intravenous administration of anti TNF alpha monoclonal antibody at the time of reperfusion provided significant protection against ultrastructural injury n both skeletal muscle and lung.Conclusion Skeletal muscle ischemia reperfusion injury can be attenuated by treatment with anti TNF alpha monoclonal antibody.


A micrometastasis model was established using a rat differentiated prostatic adenocarcinoma, designated PLS301Z, transfected with the lacZ gene encoding a bacterial β‐galactosidase. The morphology, tumorigenicity and metastatic ability of PLS301Z were comparable to those of the parental cells. Micrometastatic foci could be specifically detected at the single cell level after X‐Gal staining with a dissecting microscope. After intravenous injection, the number of X‐Gal positive foci in the lung decreased progressively to a steady‐state level (less than 1% of injected cells) by 4–7 days, while the size of persisting positive foci started to increase from 4 days after inoculation, as demonstrated by image analysis. X‐Gal and BrdU double staining revealed that BrdU labeling indices of X‐Gal‐positive cells decreased transiently at the 2‐day time point and increased again from 4 days after inoculation. Type IV collagen immunostaining showed the tumor cells to be surrounded by a basement membrane intravascularly at the time point when they started new growth. Electron microscopy confirmed that, 2 days post injection, most tumor cells were degenerative or dead, but on day 4, persisting tumor cells formed multicellular clumps in contact with the vascular basement membrane inside vessels. These results indicate that PLS301Z cells begin to grow intravascularly depending upon the presence of a basement membrane before extravasation at the initial stage of micrometastasis formation.


The effective width model was introduced to show how the flow was linearly proportional to the effective width on stairwells accounting for the edge effect as well as lateral body sway. In this sense, small increments on the width of the stairwell were proven to increment the flow through it in a linear manner. This same principle is currently applied as part of the background for the hydraulic calculations for engineering evacuation such as the one developed by Nelson and Mowrer in the SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering. Therefore, a fundamental part of this model is the use of effective width for each specific section of the evacuation route being analysed. Consequently, the SFPE handbook suggests values for the dimension of the boundary layer that should be used for each specific element. However, in the case of openings, such as doors and archways, there is limited experimental research on the effective width that can justify the values suggested by the SFPE handbook. Therefore, this project uses novel pedestrian tracking techniques using the Kinect v2 sensor as a tool to measure the dimensions of the boundary layer on three simple scenarios considering low-density flows. The results obtained from this project show how the values suggested by the SFPE are very close to the obtained values from experimental data collection considering low-density flows with reference density values between 0.38 to 0.56 occupants per square meter. These values are not entirely conservative in the case of low-density flows since this does not account of the possible impact of doors. Additionally, this experimental study showed how the dimensions of the boundary layer, considering low-density flows, are not static. These findings indicate that the boundary layer changes its dimensions depending on the width of the opening, as there is a dependence on the number of lanes that can be observed on openings of different sizes. (Less)


In this article, we consider a system of personnel in the aviation organization in terms of acmeological approach. The state of psychological research perspective of acmeological provision of personnel work and the analysis of the system of personnel training in the company of the «Soyuzavia» is presented in the article. The specificity of psychological and acmeological support of personnel work in the organization is determined. The methods and results of empirical research of the problem are stated. The ways of improving the system of personnel management and improving its efficiency in accordance with our theoretical model are suggested.


The term " tuhp fingers " though long in popular use first appeared in medical literature in 1935 (Bertwistle). Popular names applied to plants are sometimes confusing. In Great Britain the term " daffodil " is used for trumpet narcissi and the unqualified term " narcissi " for the remainder. There is no reason to separate these two groups in regard to their sensitizing capacity, though this may vary within each group. This review deals for the most part with recent Continental—especially Dutch—work, where the bulb industry is of great economic importance. Though at present expanding, the main centres in Great Britain still remain the Scilly Isles (narcissi) and north Cambridgeshire and Lincolnshire (tulips) and cases of dermatitis are rarely seen elsewhere. Tulip bulbs may cause a painful, dry, fissured and hjrperkeratotic eczema, at first underneath the free margin of the nails, then extending to the finger-tips and periungual region. Sometimes an irritable dermatitis spreads to the face, hands and forearms and the genital region. Tulip fingers may develop after many years of recurrent seasonal work; once started the condition relapses with each further exposure, even if a patient has been removed from the work for many years. Tulip fingers are very common but, as with other occupational dermatoses in plant growers, are seldom seen by dermatologists. A search through the combined files of the University Clinic of Leyden and the Municipal Hospital of the Hague in 1962 revealed only two cases. The number of persons exposed can be estimated from the export figures of 1200 million bulbs in 1967. Dermatitis from bulbs has recently been reviewed by Verspyck Mijnssen (1968a) in a Dutch monograph in which he reports his detailed studies on the pathogenesis and aetiology of tulip dermatitis. He accomplished the isolation of the pure tulip allergen, later identified by the chemist Brongersma-Oosterhoff (1967). In the bulb industry the fiower is removed from the stem, manually or by machine, in April or at the beginning of May. A few workers engaged in this work may develop dermatitis from it. The bulbs are taken up in June or July either by hand or by machine. Subsequently they are peeled manually to remove the daughter bulbs from the remnants of the parent bulb. The friction and trauma this causes is the major source of primary sensitization. Dermatitis may develop during the collection of the bulbs and their peeling or during packing and inspection in August and September before they are planted in late autumn. Persons highly sensitized by bulbs may develop dermatitis on the index finger and the dorsum of the hand when cutting tulip fiowers (Verspyck Mijnssen, 19686). Another mode of sensitization is described by Klaschka et al. (1964). This occurs in March or April from the harvesting of fiowers. The tulips are pulled out of the ground with the bulbs attached and in Denmark are brought to the market in this way. But in Germany and Sweden the bulbs are split with a knife to give a longer stem. This gave rise to dermatitis in 8 of 12 workers employed.


Colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) are pivotal for proliferation and function of hematopoietic cells. We found that lymphotoxin. a product of activated lymphocytes. stimulates accumulation of granulocyte-macrophage (GM)-CSF and macrophage (M)-CSF proteins and mRNAs in fibroblasts. An increase in GMand M-CSF mRNA levels occurred within 2 hours after addition of 1 .000 U I ml lymphotoxin and levels plateaued over the next 24 hours. Tumor necrosis factora (TNFa) was about five times more potent than lymphotoxin at low concentrations. and was nearly 1 .5 to to 2 times more potent at maximally stimulating concentrations of the cytokines. Stimulation by lymphotoxin did not require either new protein synthesis or protein kinase-C stimulation. Stability studies of GMand M-CSF transcripts in fibroblasts showed that M-CSF


I shall be particularly concerned with some points in Aristotle's treatment of justice in Book V of the Nicomachean Ethics , but the purpose is to raise some general questions about justice as a virtue of character. I am concerned with what Aristotle calls 'particular' justice, that is to say, with justice considered as one virtue of character among others. This disposition, he says, has two basic fields of application, the distributive and the rectificatory; this distinction will not concern us, and almost all the discussion can be referred to the first of this pair. Particular justice and injustice are concerned with a certain class of goods – 'those which are the subjects of good and bad luck, and which considered in themselves are always good, but not always good for a particular person' (1129b 3–5). These are listed at 1130b 3 as honour, money and safety: these are 'divisible' goods, which are such that if one person gets more, another characteristically gets less. From the beginning, Aristotle associates particular injustice ( adikia ) with what he calls pleonexia – variously, greed, the desire to have more, the desire to have more than others. This characteristic Aristotle treats as the defining motive of particular injustice: If one man commits adultery for the sake of gain, and makes money by it, while another does so from appetite, but loses money and is penalised for it, the latter would be thought self-indulgent rather than pleonektēs , while the former is unjust and not self-indulgent: this is obviously because of the fact that he gains.


This in depth analysis is intended to inform and to understand the current economical competition of Colombia world wide. This project is based upon the yearly report provided by the World Economic Forum (WEF), which compares and evaluates through a 12 step requirement the affiliated nations.
Through reports provided by private entities and results given by state and political laws, Colombian situation has been compared and analyzed for the period of 2010 through 2013, which has led to and created more debates.


With the development of Shipbuilding industry,especially the continuous increasing of microcomputer-based control technology,various kinds of smart sensors are widely used in ship surveillance. The paper proposes a design of pump room signal conversion circuit which transforms the pressure values of marine pump coming from pressure sensor to the controller chip LPC2294. The packaged data are sent to Ethernet via the Ethernet controller. The paper introduces the hardware and software design in detail and verifies the effectiveness of the circuit by experiment. The design presents good performance of early warning about marine pump's abnormal condition,and meets the requirement of mariner surveillance in long distance.


The present invention discloses a HEMT device, comprising: a substrate; a buffer layer over a substrate; provided over the carrier supply layer, the buffer layer; gate element through the carrier supply layer; and a carrier provided the drain element on the carrier supply layer. Carrier supply layer between the gate and the drain member element having a non-uniform thickness, the carrier supply layer has a relatively large thickness of the element adjacent to the drain and gate elements adjacent to the relatively small thickness of. Non-uniform dimensional electron gas conduction channel is formed in the carrier supply layer, dimensional electron gas conduction channel having a non-uniform distribution element between the gate and the drain member.


On the basis of archival documents, the published statistical materials, and oral sources the influence of industrialization and urbanization processes on the educational activity dynamics of Krasnoyarsk Territory urban population within school establishments is analyzed. The development result assessment of school education during 1954-1975 is given. The chief factors of this process are revealed.


The NHS Health Check programme was introduced by the Department of Health in April 2009, in an attempt to make a significant impact on reducing the current burden attributed to cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality across England. Although this is a nationally mandated programme, its delivery model is dependent on local commissioners and clinicians. This article describes an innovative approach taken in East and North Birmingham which uses cutting edge technology and is delivered by healthcare assistants (HCAs).


This paper presents a firm-level analysis of the recent productivity slowdown in Italy. It applies Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) techniques to firm-level data collected through the annual surveys on the economic accounts of enterprises carried out by the Italian National Statistical Institute (ISTAT). The paper also measures TFP changes that occurred during the years 1996-1999 for 31 industries and breaks these down into technological change (a shift in the production frontier) and changes in relative technical inefficiency (due to modifications in the distance of single firms from the frontier). This decomposition is helpful in interpreting the nature of the observed productivity slowdown. Econometric regressions of firms' TFP changes for a number of variables, including a component pointing to the ratio of ICT in total capital input, reveal that information and communication technologies appears to have had a positive and significant impact on TFP in all industries during the period examined...


© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press. This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited. The social defeat hypothesis of schizophrenia is more topical than ever. Reply to Schalbroeck


OBJECTIVES: To quantify the associations between sociodemographic factors and oral health–related quality of life (OHRQoL) in dentate and edentulous community‐dwelling older adults.


This paper focused on the force characteristics of mooring lines of the common used gravity cage and sea station cage under floating status. In this experiment, total four cage models were designed which included two gravity cage models, one sea station cage model and one quasi-sea station cage model. The gravity cages were made of the same materials but with different weighting system configurations. The sea station cage model and the quasi-sea station cage model were of the same diameter but the latter is 1.4 times in cage height to the former one which attributed greatly to the amplification of effective aquaculture volume up to 2.2 times. Four mooring lines were attached to each cage model on one side and the other side fixed on the bottom of the wave-current tank. Several kinds of experiment conditions were set, including pure current conditions, pure wave conditions and combined wave-current conditions. Forces were measured by four transducers attached to the bottom of the mooring lines respectively. Analysis was based on the resultant forces of the two current-ward or wave-ward mooring lines. Results from this study were presented and statically analyzed revealing that the quasi-sea station cage model suffered from greater forces compared with the other two kinds of cage models, which was more apparent under pure current conditions. It was interesting to find that the mass of the weighting system turned out to be relatively small effect on the forces acting on the gravity cage models under most conditions. Under pure wave conditions, several results of the forces acting on the gravity cage with heavier weighting system configuration were even smaller than those with lighter weighting system configuration. Conclusions were drawn that it was feasible to increase the mass of the weighting system properly to reduce the deformation of the netting system since it will not increase the forces acting on the gravity cages apparently. But it should be kept in mind that the operation of the cage will be affected directly by increasing the mass of the weighting system. As to sea station cage model, given the similar maximum aquaculture volume, results showed that the forces acting on it were approximately the same with that of gravity cages under the same conditions. But its huge size would lead to bad operation directly. Thus, when considering the force characteristics, the performance and management of the cages together with the cage prices, the co-authors recommended that gravity cages were more suitable currently as deep-water aquaculture facilities in China.


The purpose of study is to designing knowledge management which can help the internal of the company in order to support identify, distribution, managing, repository and utilizing knowledge of the National Museum. Method had been used are doing direct survey and having interview with the internal of the company. Inukshuk had been used to analyze the company based on the Kimiz Dalkir theories. The result is making an application portal of KM based on website that can help the company to maximize the knowledge asset in case to improve the quality of innovation. The conclusion is to outcome a tool that can help to finished the problems of the company and managing the knowledge by building an application portal of KM based on website so it can be managed smoothly.


In pursuit of these objectives the U.S.S.R. was said to have "made a proposal to the Chinese People's Republic, the Polish People's Republic, the Czechoslovak Republic, the Rumanian People's Republic and the German Democratic Republic on rendering them general assistance in planning, supplying equipment and building experimental atomic piles with a thermal capacity of up to 5,000 kilowatts each and accelerators of elementary particles." The U.S.S.R. allegedly also planned to allot to the countries in question the necessary amounts of fissionable material for the said atomic piles and for scientific research. In part, at least, these deliveries were being undertaken, Moscow conceded, because the aforementioned states supplied the Soviet Union with appropriate raw materials.


In wireless communication, secure transmission and reception of data are the major concern today. In recent years, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) has played a vital role in the security system for secured data communication. The main challenge in RFID-based security system is to design a more secure, better area and power efficient encoder architecture for tag-reader mutual authentication protocol. This paper proposes new and efficient encoder architecture for RFID mutual authentication protocol which utilizes  $2^{n}\,- \,2^{k}\,- \,1$ modulo adder for achieving higher security. The proposed architecture is described in Verilog hardware description language and the functionalities are verified and synthesized using Altera Quartus II tool. The architecture is also synthesized using Cadence RTL compiler for 180 and 90 nm technology. Experimental results of the proposed scheme give better performances in terms of area, power, and delay when compared with existing mutual authentication schemes. In addition to that, the architecture is realized as hardware in Altera DE2 Cyclone II (EP2C35F672C6) field programmable gate array and real time verification has been carried out using Logic Analyzer 16851A. Finally, formal security analysis has been performed using the Burrows–Abadi–Needham (BAN) logic to show that the proposed protocol is secure.


At present the study on the gas hydrate increases rapidly.The study about the phase equilibrium curve of gas hydrate and thickness of hydrate stability zone has become more important.This paper uses Sloan's CSMHYD program to study the effects of change of external conditions on phase equilibrium curve of gas hydrate and the thickness of hydrate stability zone.N_2 can decreases the area of gas hydrate stabilization,but other gases increase it.The methane content decreases,gas hydrate forms easier(exclude N_2).The effects of the propane and hydrogen sulfide are most.The area will decrease when the salinity increases.The geothermal gradient,depth,bottom water temperature,gas compositions and salinity affect on the thickness of hydrate stability zone, but their effects are different.The relation between the thickness of hydrate stability zone and the geothermal is index,the relation between the thickness of hydrate stability zone and the depth is logarithm,the relation between the thickness of hydrate stability zone and the bottom water temperature,methane content and salinity is linearity.The thickness of hydrate stability zone increases 400m when the depth changes from 1000m to 4000m. It decreases about 660m when the geothermal gradient changes from 0.02℃/m to 0.1℃/m.It decreases about 1000m when the bottom water temperature increases 17℃.It increases about 170m when gas composition changes from the methane to put 20% ethane to gas hydrate.It decreases about 130m when the salinity changes from 0wt% to 4.5wt%.The effects of the geothermal gradient and bottom water temperature are great.


We propose that the thinning of the plasma sheet during magnetospheric substorms is caused by an earthward gradient of the rate of magnetic merging (field annihilation) in the tail current sheet, which is in turn caused by the velocity-dependent access of plasma mantle particles to the current sheet. A simple model calculation based on this effect predicts a thinning time constant of the order of 1 hour, consistent with observations. The mechanism is also consistent with the observed correlation between plasma-sheet thinning and southward-directed magnetic field components in the solar wind.


We study the patterns and determinants of job creation for a large cohort of start-up firms. Analysis of the universe of U.S. employers reveals strong persistence in employment size from firm birth to age seven, with a small fraction of firms accounting for most employment at both ages, patterns that are little explained by finely disaggregated industry controls or amount of finance. Linking to data from the Survey of Business Owners on characteristics of 54,700 founders of 36,400 start-ups, and defining "high growth" as the top 5% of firms in the size distribution at age zero and seven, we find that women have a 30% lower probability of founding high-growth entrepreneurships at both ages. A similar gap for African-Americans at start-up disappears by age seven. Other differences with respect to race, ethnicity, and nativity are modest. Founder age is initially positively associated with high growth probability but the profile flattens after seven years and even becomes slightly negative. The education profile is initially concave, with advanced degree recipients no more likely to found high growth firms than high school graduates, but the former catch up to those with bachelor's degrees by firm age seven, while the latter do not. Most other relationships of high growth with founder characteristics are highly persistent over time. Prior business ownership is strongly positively associated, and veteran experience negatively associated, with high growth. A larger founding team raises the probability of high growth, while diversity (by gender, age, race/ethnicity, or nativity) either lowers the probability or has little effect. More start-up capital raises the high-growth propensity of firms founded by a sole proprietor, women, minorities, immigrants, veterans, novice entrepreneurs, and those who are younger or with less education. Perhaps surprisingly, women, minorities, and those with less education tend to choose high growth industries, but fewer of them achieve high growth compared to their industry peers.


A novel functional dithiocarbamate, ClBTD, comprising both chloromethyl and thiocarbonyl groups, was successfully synthesized and used to mediate the RAFT polymerizations of St and MA. The obtained polymer was functionalized with chloromethyl and thiocarbonyl groups at the α- and ω-ends of the polymer chain, respectively. The obtained polymer was directly used as macroinitiator to conduct ATRP chain extension experiment with NIPAAM as the second monomer, which resulted in poor control of the polymerization. After the thiocarbonyl group in the polymer chain end was fully removed by reaction with excess of AIBN, the recovered polymer was successfully used as macroinitiator in St/ NIPAAM block copolymerization.


Abstract Gay bars have been central to the social and cultural geography of queer folk throughout the twentieth century. In North America, Liquor Control Boards have been important in governing homosexuality. In order to explore the spatial governance of homosexuals, this paper uses a Foucauldian governmentality perspective to analyze data from Washington State Liquor Control Board (WSLCB) enforcement and hearing files between 1934 and 1971. While the WSLCB governed heteronormatively, it did so with a relatively light touch through the deployment and selective enforcement of often vague administrative rules. Adherence to the rules, meanwhile, relied upon an ability and willingness to understand authorities' intentions and imaginations and to self-govern accordingly. Gay bars were somewhat privileged vis-à-vis neighboring straight bars, due to the unintended consequences of certain state practices, a desire by state authorities to closet homosexuality generally, and a propensity for self-governance on the parts of gay bar owners, managers, and patrons. Our findings add nuance to work on Foucauldian studies in geography, work on licensing and regulation, and urban gay histories.


ion Gene expression analysis is essential for transcriptomics studies. However, due to unintended noise generation by the device or an insufficient number of mRNA molecules, the rate of missing values, which are false zero, is high. Therefore, a number of deep learning-based studies have been conducted to impute missing values. In this paper, we will overview the state-of-the-art deep learning-based models: DeepImpute, AutoImpute, Deep Count Autoencoder Network (DCA), scGAIN, scIGANs.


The global pandemic is having a significant impact on the economy of Georgia. Statistical analysis of 2020-2021 shows that there is a significant decline in GDP (Gross Domestic Product), - the most important indicator of the country's development. A reduction is observed in individual components of Gross Value Added, - in almost all branches of the economy. Particularly noteworthy is to mention the decline in GDP per capita during this period. It negatively affects on the life of population. Overcoming the economic crisis and economic prosperity is a priority for today. However, it is very important that the goodness of economic growth is felt by each resident of the country.


A 50-year-old woman presented to our emergency department with a 1-week history of progressive sore throat, odynophagia, and dysphagia. She had a history of valvular heart disease status postmitral valve replacement and had been receiving anticoagulation with warfarin (5 mg daily) for 26 years. She denied recent illness. On physical examination, she had stable vital signs without fever or acute respiratory distress. Laryngoscopic examination revealed edematous and ecchymotic mucosa over the epiglottis, pharyngoepiglottic folds, tongue base, posterior pharyngeal wall, arytenoids, and vocal folds (Figure 1). Laboratory studies revealed a normal white blood cell count. Hematological investigations revealed prothrombin time of >100 seconds, an international normalized ratio (INR) of 15.7 and partial thromboplastin time of 68.9 seconds. She was informed that awake tracheotomy would need to be performed if she had the onset of respiratory stridor even at risk of severe operative bleeding. She was immediately admitted to the 1intensive care unit for observation and normalization of her coagulopathy. On day 2, the INR was corrected after administration of vitamin K and fresh frozen plasma. Followup laryngoscopy showed extensive ecchymosis over the tongue base and the mucosa of larynx and hypopharynx but rapid resorption of the edema on day 4 (Figure 2). The patient's hospital stay was uncomplicated. Spontaneous upper airway hematoma is uncommon but is a life-threatening complication of warfarin therapy. Thirtyeight cases of upper airway hematoma secondary to warfarin therapy were reported in a systematic literature review. Most cases presented with dysphagia, sore throat, neck swelling, and respiratory compromise. The most common site of hematoma was sublingual, followed by retropharyngeal and laryngeal regions. Half of the cases were managed conservatively while the rest underwent cricothyrotomy, tracheotomy, or intubation. Although it had an overall good outcome with the time to resolution of hematoma being within 1 week, significant morbidity and even sudden death were reported if concomitant respiratory compromise was present. When a patient with


Abstract Global existence of unique strong solutions is established for the complex Ginzburg–Landau equation ∂tu − (λ + iα)Δu + (κ + iβ)|u|p − 1u − γu = 0,  where λ > 0, κ > 0, α, β, γ ∈  R , p ≥ 1, and κ − 1 |β| ≤ 2 p /(p − 1) . The key is a new inequality in monotonicity methods. It is based on the sectorial estimates of − Δ in Lp + 1 and the nonlinear operator u ↦ |u|p − 1u appearing in the equation. The key inequality also yields the global existence of unique strong solutions of the nonlinear Schrodinger type equation with monotone nonlinearity ∂tu − iΔu + |u|p − 1u = 0 for all p ≥ 1.


Through copper upsetting tests,the work-hardening rate-dislocation density model and work-hardening rate-strain model were established based on K-M-E model.Through writing the K-M-E model into the finite element software ABAQUS,the relations of micro-hardness-flow stress and micro-hardness-dislocation density were then researched based on tests and numerical simulations.The results showed that the theoretical models were in good accordance with the experimental results.Micro-hardness was proportional to flow stress,and was inversely proportional to the square root of dislocation density.


Rh2(O2CCH3)4·2C⋮NC6H4R (R = (CH3)2N−(1), −H (2), −CF3 (3)) were synthesized and characterized by X-ray crystallography. The structures exhibited several common features:  (i) a relatively short Rh−C bond (2.148(4) A (1), 2.133(4) A (2), and 2.122(4) A (3)), (ii) an inversion center between the two rhodium atoms, (iii) coplanar aryl rings, and (iv) a significant deviation from linearity in the Rh−C−N bond angle. Comparison to other rhodium carboxylate complexes indicates the presence of π-back-bonding and, by extension, π-back-bonding in rhodium−carbenoid systems.


This article shows the result of applying the statistical method called Box Plot, whose purpose is to identify dry, rainy and customary standard years, for both analyzed the rainfall data time series from 1980 to 2012. Due to the lack of specific methodology for the weather, there is the need to seek appropriate methods whose contribution is crucial to analyze and understand the variability of rainfall. The use of exceptional years it is important to contribute to the understanding of the possible variability that occur in atmospheric circulation that reflect the types of weather dry and wet years. Therefore, the objective is spatialize the rainfall distribution in years taken as exceptional in order to demonstrate the importance of the statistical method in the identification of rainfall variability.