The Vold–Kalman filter allows for the high‐performance simultaneous tracking of orders in systems with multiple independent axles. The interactions associated with close and crossing orders give rise to beating and complex psychoacoustic phenomena. With this new filter and using multiple tachometer references, waveforms as well as amplitude and phase may be extracted without the beating interactions. The Vold–Kalman filter provides several filter shapes for optimum resolution and stopband suppression. Orders extracted as waveforms have no phase bias, and may hence be used in synthesis and tailoring. The input to Vold–Kalman filtering is time history data. The class of algorithms based on Kalman filters shows no data between preselected orders, but has fine resolution, and is independent of slew rates. The calculation speed may be an issue if a large number of orders is to be extracted. This paper shows an example of the various steps of order tracking using the Vold–Kalman method applied on a simple singl...


In the present liberalised monetary system of India, knowledge of optimal cash reserve ratio (CRR) is of crucial policy interest For the period 1970/71(2) 1991/92(4) this study estimated a theoretically consistent and empirically optimal CRR to be 9.82 and 10.02 per cent respectively for end March 1993 and March 4, 1994 which are far below the corresponding statutory values of 15.0 and 14.0 per cent.


The purpose of the present investigation was to examine individualistic and collectivistic orientation of urban and rural people in Odisha setting. The other objective was to investigate sex difference on these dimensions. Four forms of individualism and collectivism as have been recently conceptualized were measured: "horizontal individualism (HI), horizontal collectivism (HC), vertical individualism (VI) and vertical collectivism (VC). One hundred adults (50 urban and 50 rural people) were randomly sampled from urban and rural settings of Odisha. Triandis (1995) has developed measures (a questionnaire and scenario method) to scale individualism and collectivism. The present study employed the adapted odiya version. The comparison of groups indicated that urban people showed greater vertical individualism and vertical collectivism than did rural people. Individuals in rural setting exhibited greater horizontal collectivism than did urban participants. Furthermore, men reported higher VI and VC than did women. Women demonstrated greater VC than men. With increasing years of age people manifested greater VC, Where as persons reveal greater VI with increasing levels of education. These findings were explained in terms of the current conceptualizations of individualism and collectivism. Major implications of the study were pointed out and directions of future research were outlined.


The political report Talking about the Coalition Government by Mao Ze-dong discusses rich democratic thought from many aspects,mainly including the abolishment of one party dictatorship of Kuomintang and the establishment of system of multi-party participation,the building of democratic coalition government consisting of all parties and nonparty individuals to guard the liberty of people, implement the democracy of majority of people and regime organization form of democratic centralism.


High‐entropy materials (HEMs) have been in the spotlight as emerging catalysts for electrochemical water splitting. In particular, HEM catalysts feature multi‐element active sites and unsaturated coordination as well as entropy stabilization in comparison with their single‐element counterparts. Herein, a comprehensive overview of HEM catalysts used in electrochemical water splitting is provided, covering both the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Particularly, the review begins with discussions of the concept and structure of HEMs. In addition, effective strategies for rationally designing HEMs on the basis of computational techniques and experimental aspects is described. Importantly, the importance of computationally aided methods, that is, density functional theory calculations, high‐throughput screening, and machine learning, to the discovery and design of HEMs, is described. Furthermore, the applications of HEMs in the field of water electrolysis are reviewed. Eventually, an outlook regarding the prospects and future opportunities for HEMs is provided.


Attenuation of seismic waves has been measured for many years. However, it is only recently that sufficient precision has been achieved and analytical techniques have been evolved which make possible the inversion of the experimental data [Anderson and Archambeau, 1964; Anderson and Kovach, 1964; Knopoff, 1964]. The resultant distribution of attenuation versus depth (usually expressed by the dimensionless quality factor Q) is a new and important source of information regarding the composition, state, pressure, and temperature in the earth's interior.

As with all inversion problems, the more constraints on the solution in the way of direct measurements the fewer the solutions which satisfy the data. In this note we use seismic waves from nuclear explosions in Nevada as recorded by the long-range seismic measurements (LRSM) network of project Vela Uniform to obtain a direct measurement of Q for the upper continental crust. Profiles were constructed by selecting stations from the network in directions ESE, SE, and NE from the Nevada test site. The high standards of calibration of the stations, together with the large number of events, lead to a better precision than has heretofore been achieved with short-period seismic waves.


Originally published in: Protein Folding Handbook. Part I. Edited by Johannes Buchner and Thomas Kiefhaber. Copyright © 2005 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA Weinheim. Print ISBN: 3-527-30784-2

The sections in this article are

Introduction
Basic Physics of Protein Structure and Dynamics
Protein Electrostatics
Relaxation Times and Spatial Scales
Solvent Environment
Water
Polarizability of the Peptide Groups and of Other Protein Components

State of the Art
Control of Thermodynamic Conditions
Long-range Electrostatics
Polarizability
Higher Multipole Moments of the Molecular Components
MM Models of Water
Complexity of Protein–Solvent Systems and Consequences for MM-MD
What about Successes of MD Methods?
Accessible Time Scales and Accuracy Issues
Continuum Solvent Models
Are there Further Problems beyond Electrostatics and Structure Prediction?

Conformational Dynamics of a Light-switchable Model Peptide
Computational Methods
Results and Discussion

Summary
Acknowledgments

Keywords:

molecular dynamics;
protein electrostatics;
protein–solvent systems;
polarizability;
conformational dynamics


4062 Background: A standard treatment paradigm for locally advanced, resectable, non-metastatic esophageal or gastric adenocarcinomas (EGA) is neoadjuvant chemoradiation (CRT) followed by surgery. Historical pathologic complete response (pCR) rates after CRT with carboplatin/paclitaxel in the CROSS trial are low at 23%. Efficacy of adjuvant immunotherapy has since been shown in this patient population. The main objectives of this trial were to investigate whether neoadjuvant CRT + pembrolizumab improves pCR compared to the historical control of CRT alone, and also determine the associated acute and post-surgical toxicity of this approach. Methods: Single-institution, prospective phase II trial (NCT03064490) evaluating the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant pembrolizumab + CRT followed by adjuvant pembrolizumab in patients with locally advanced operable EGA. CRT (45 Gy/25 fractions with concurrent weekly carboplatin [AUC 2] and paclitaxel [50 mg/m2 of BSA]) with 3 cycles of pembrolizumab was administered as neoadjuvant therapy. Patients also received 3 cycles of adjuvant pembrolizumab after surgical resection if they did not experience ≥Grade 3 (G3) toxicity during neoadjuvant treatment. Baseline characteristics were collected. Pathologic response was scored from 0-3 per tumor regression grading. The percentage of patients with pCR (score of 0) are described. Acute toxicities are defined per CTCAE v4 and include relevant events occurring within 90 days after treatment. Results: Accrual is complete, with 35 patients with cT2-3N0-2M0 EGA enrolled from 10/10/2017-10/07/2022. 28/32 patients have completed neoadjuvant therapy and surgical resection. 89% of enrolled patients are male, and 94% are white. 97% have an esophageal primary, and 97% underwent R0 resection. 10/28 (35.7%: 95% CI: 17%, 53%) patients achieved a pCR. 22/32 patients have experienced treatment-related ≥G3 non-hematologic toxicity to date (94.2% G3, 5.8% G4). 18 patients experienced ≥G3 toxicity related to neoadjuvant therapy, with 53 events overall, the majority being GI (24.5%) or metabolic/nutritional disorders (24.5%). 10 patients experienced ≥G3 toxicity related to surgery, with 16 events overall, the majority being procedural complications (31.3%) and infectious disorders (31.3%). Conclusions: Patients undergoing neoadjuvant CRT + pembrolizumab for EGA experienced higher rates of pCR and acceptable rates of treatment-related toxicity compared to historical controls. This phase II trial demonstrates the safety and efficacy of this treatment paradigm, which warrants assessment in future prospective studies. Clinical trial information: NCT03064490 .


This paper studies the performance of a noisy Gallager B decoder for regular LDPC codes. We assume that the noisy decoder is subject to both transient processor errors and permanent memory errors. We permit different error rates at different functional components. In addition, for the sake of generality, we allow asymmetry in the permanent error rates of component outputs, and thus we model error propagation in the decoder via a suitable asymmetric channel. We then develop a density evolution-type analysis on this asymmetric channel. The recursive expression for the bit error probability is derived as a function of the code parameters (node degrees), codeword weight, transmission error rate, and the error rates of the permanent and the transient errors. Based on this analysis, we then derive the residual error of the Gallager B decoder for the regime where the transmission error rate and the processing error rates are small. In this regime, we further observe that the residual error rate can be well approximated by a suitable combination of the transient error rate and the permanent error rate at variable nodes, provided that the check node degree is large enough. Based on this insight, we then propose and analyze a scheme for detecting permanent errors and correcting detected residual errors. The scheme exploits the parity check equations of the code and reuses the existing hardware to locate permanent errors in memory blocks. Performance analysis and simulation results show that, with high probability, the detection scheme discovers correct locations of permanent memory errors, while, with low probability, it mislabels the functional memory as being defective. The proposed error detection-and-correction scheme can be implemented in-circuit and is useful in combating failures arising from aging.


The proliferation of passive Internet-of-Things (IoT) into the consumer and the enterprise market has necessitated enhanced security requirements. Many security protocols have been proposed in literature to address these requirements, however, they are either prone to certain types of attacks or are computationally expensive for resource- constrained passive IoT devices. In this paper we propose two variants of a novel mutual authentication protocol that utilizes the synchronization property of Fowler Nordheim (FN) tunneling based self-powered timers. The first protocol provides mutual authentication using the dynamic timer values. The protocol is both lightweight and provably immune to most of the well-known security attacks. Moreover, it offers an efficient and secure capability for easy revocation of tags and readers from the IoT system. The second protocol, an enhanced version of the first, provides disguised identities for applications that require privacy preserving. This protocol can thus serve as a perfect candidate for high-security passive IoT applications such as e- passports.


Using seedlings of 3tomato cultivars'Baiguoqiangfeng','Kaluola'and'Dongfanghong No.1'as experimental materials,the changes of morphological and physiological indexes under high temperature stress were compared.The results showed that,relative growth rate of plant height,root length,stem diameter and fresh weight of 3cultivars were inhibited to a certain degree;heat injury index and POD activity were increased,and total chlorophyll and carotenoid content were decreased gradually.Results of the subordinative function analysis showed that the degree of heat tolerance of the 3cultivars was as follows:'Kaluola''Dongfanghong No.1''Baiguoqiangfeng'.


It is hypothesized that a decrease in breast sensitivity might predict the end of lactational infertility. To test this hypothesis they measured breast sensitivity of 12 married women who delivered full-term normal infants vaginally and had regular menses before conceiving. Researchers stopped studying subjects at 1st menses but did continue to observe 4 women who were breast-feeding until the 2nd or 3rd menses. The mean age for the 6 women who breast-fed their babies was 29 years (range 24-39); 3 of these women were multiparous and 3 primiparous. All of the 6 who bottle-fed their infants were multiparous and 4 primiparous. 28.5 years old (range 23-37) was the mean age for the women who bottle-fed. Researchers measured breast sensitivity using 2-point discrimination and recording the distance between the 2 points where distinct sensations were no longer felt. A Semmes-Weinstein pressure esthesiometer measured touch sensitivity which has 20 filaments of varying diameter. The smallest size filament that could be felt at each area of the breast was recorded. Twice a week early-morning urine was sampled to measure total estrogens and pregnanediol. Lactating mothers regularly recorded the frequency of feeding. Mean duration of amenorrhea for breast-feeding mothers was 24.3 weeks and for bottle-feeding mothers 7.5 weeks. Results showed a gradual decrease in breast sensitivity during lactation yet it is very difficult to detect this change. The authors therefore have concluded that measuring breast sensitivity is of no practical value as an indicator of returning fertility.


Analysis of the calcium-dependent cell adhesion molecule E-cadherin has led to the identification of catenins, which are necessary for cadherin function. Growing evidence that cadherins and catenins are subjected to genetic alterations in carcinogenesis makes it especially important to understand protein-protein interactions within the cadherin-catenin complex. Here we report the identification and analysis of the α-catenin binding site in plakoglobin (-catenin). Using N- and C-terminal truncations of plakoglobin, we identified a domain of 29 amino acids necessary and sufficient for binding α-catenin. The α-catenin binding site is fully encoded within exon 3 of plakoglobin but only partially represented in Armadillo repeat 1. This suggests that exons rather than individual Arm repeats encode functional domains of plakoglobin. Site-directed mutagenesis identified residues in the α-catenin binding site indispensable for binding in vitro. Analogous mutations in β-catenin and Armadillo had identical effects. Our results indicate that single amino acid mutations in the α-catenin binding site of homologs of Armadillo could prevent a stable association with α-catenin, thus affecting cadherin-mediated adhesion.


Combining CORBA(Common Object Request Broker Architecture) with Java techniques, and taking FEM software as an example, we give a concrete solution to integrating domain-specific software packages into a whole system and disseminating it on the Internet,. In order to verify the feasibility of this solution, we have developed a software prototype on a LAN which supports TCP/IP protocol using rapid prototyping method.


Ultrathin and conformal boron-containing atomic layer deposition (ALD) films could be used as a shallow dopant source for advanced transistor structures in microelectronics manufacturing. With this application in mind, diboron tetrafluoride (B2F4) was explored as an ALD precursor for the deposition of boron containing films. Density functional theory simulations for nucleation on silicon (100) surfaces indicated better reactivity of B2F4 in comparison to BF3. Quartz crystal microbalance experiments exhibited growth using either B2F4-H2O for B2O3 ALD, or B2F4-disilane (Si2H6) for B ALD, but in both cases, the initial growth per cycle was quite low (≤0.2 A/cycle) and decreased to near zero growth after 8–30 ALD cycles. However, alternating between B2F4-H2O and trimethyl aluminum (TMA)-H2O ALD cycles resulted in sustained growth at ∼0.65 A/cycle, suggesting that the dense –OH surface termination produced by the TMA-H2O combination enhances the uptake of B2F4 precursor. The resultant boron containing films we...


Here, the authors theoretically propose a new method to generate phonon angular momenta -- rotational motions of atoms in crystals by the electric field. From a symmetry analysis, they consider multiferroic materials without both time-reversal and inversion symmetries and with their product being conserved. When the electric field is applied, the phonon angular momentum is generated via the spin-phonon interaction and the lattice distortion due to the electric field.


First,this paper demonstrates that the "SOEs'debt ratio paradox" could not come into existence under the condition of symmetric information. Second,under the assumption that information is asymmetric,the paper analyzes whether the management,stockholder and the loaner want to reduce the SOEs' debt ratio.Finally,we provide a different explanation about the "SOEs' debt ratio paradox".


A novel short-step methodology for the synthesis in good yields of functionalized coumarins has been developed starting from an activated precursor, the N-hydroxysuccinimide ester of O-acetylsalicylic acid. The procedure is based on a tandem C-acylation-cyclization process under mild reaction conditions. The structure of 3-methoxycarbonyl-4-hydroxy coumarin has been established by X-ray diffraction analysis and its geometry was compared with optimized parameters by means of DFT calculations.


Abstract : In this project, we proposed to us next generation sequencing approaches to analyze the germline (from blood and/or normal prostate tissue) and prostate cancer tissue from 20 men with early-onset, metastatic prostate cancer in order to identify germline variants that increase the risk of developing clinically significant prostate cancer, as well as novel driving somatic alterations. We have successfully, enrolled 9 men and collected germline DNA on 8 of those men and tumor samples on? Exome-sequencing of germline DNA has been performed and is currently being analyzed for 3 men. In the coming year, we plan to continue enrollment, tissue procurement, and sequencing as well as to begin the analysis of sequencing data and identification of genetic variants of interest. Given the uniqueness of the cohort in this project, we expect that novel driving genes with germline and/or somatic variants will be identified, which can be followed up with future functional studies.


This article represents the extraction and characterization of the mucilages from Colocasia esculenta and Trigonella foenum-graecumL. and comparison between their evaluation parameters.Colocasia esculenta and Trigonella foenum-graecumL. are commonly known as arviandmethi. Both mucilageswere extracted from water and isolated from acetone. Both mucilages were found to be soluble in water. pH of the colocasia mucilage and Trigonella foenum-graecumL. was 6.5 and 7.9 respectively. That's why they were less irritating. Both mucilages were swelling in cold water so they were suitable for controlled drug delivery. Due to this property they were suitable Excipient for novel drug delivery system like microspheres, nanoparticles buccal films etc. Isolated mucilages were insoluble in organic solvents and this property was used to separate them from extract. It was concluded that the isolated mucilages were suitable as an Excipient in pharmaceutical dosage forms for controlled drug delivery.


Results are presented on the phytoplankton species composition and abundance from bottle samples collected in September 1989 near the confluence of the Brazil and Malvinas currents off Argentina. The phytoplankton assemblages were dominated by diatoms and dinoflagellates. A surface diatom bloom was found along the west side of the Brazil Current, and was dominated by Thalassiosira delicatula Ostenfeld emend. Hasle (cell numbers up to 5.5 x 10 cells 1')The bloom was associated with strong temperature gradients separating Brazil and Malvinas waters, and with the presence of a cyclonic eddy near the confluence of the currents. These features were detected in satellite imagery coincident with the in situ sampling dates.


The CuCr (the weight ratio of Cu and Cr was 1:1) and CuCr+5%(mass fraction)M (M=W, Fe) alloys powders were prepared by mechanical alloying .Then the CuCr contact materials for vacuum circuit breakers were made by explosive compaction . The effect of the third element on the properties of CuCr alloys was studied emphatically .The results showed that, the added W increased the density of CuCr alloys, but the added Fe lowered the density slightly ; the third element W or Fe can obviously increase the stiffness ,especially the Fe ; the added W and Fe lowered the conductivity , and the conductivity of CuCrM alloy was all lower .


Abstract The influence of some dispersant reagents on the sodium oleate adsorption on the salt minerals surface has been investigated at the vicinity of pH 10. The presence of sodium lignin sulfate and low molecular weight acrylic polymer Cataflot P-40 caused the decrease of surfactant adsorption in the low concentration region of sodium oleate. On the other hand, the addition of 1000 g/t of polyethylene oxide (MW 200 000) did not cause such a change. The special shape of the adsorption isotherms has been done by the bidimensional concentration of alkaline earth metals soaps on the carbonate minerals surfaces. The vertical steps of isotherms were shifted to the high sodium oleate concentration region when both sodium lignin sulfate and Cataflot P-40 were added to the dolomite and magnesite suspensions. This effect was not observed for the calcite-sodium oleate system. The discrepancy was explained by Die blockade of magnesite species by these dispersant reagents. Changes in electrokinetic and stability be...


In many IoT applications, device-to-device communication (i.e. P2P Communication) is required and in some applications these devices are mobile. [14] There are Routing Protocols which support P2P communication but not with mobile nodes. So, there should be a Routing Protocol which support mobility of nodes and also choose optimal paths for less energy consumption as mobile nodes have limited energy. This proposed protocol is an extension of MAEER (Mobility Aware Energy efficient Routing Protocol) which supports mobility of nodes and also offers an additional mechanism of link recovery. Link Recovery technique is very important in device-to-device communication as mobile nodes sometimes can move away from radio range which results in link failure. This link failure affects network performance. It leads to energy depletion and also loss of packet data. So, overall performance degrades and leads to network failure. In this paper, we have proposed a routing technique which can solve the issue of energy depletion and link failure. In addition to that, it also decreases propagation delay.


A database of high density (0.3 < n̄e[1020 m−3] < 0.8), low qa(1.9 < qa < 3.4), Ohmic discharges from the ASDEX experiment is analysed statistically. Bulk parameter scalings and parameterized temperature and density profile shapes are presented. The total plasma kinetic energy, assuming Ti = Te, scales as n̄e0.54±0.01 IpO.90±0.04 and is almost independent of the toroidal magnetic field. The electron temperature profile peaking factor scales as T03/2/(T3/2) = 0.94(± 0.04)qa1.07±0.04, in close agreement with the assumption of classical resistive equilibrium. In the inner half of the plasma, the inverse fall-off length for both temperature and density has a strong dependence on qa, with the temperature dependence being more pronounced. Outside the half-radius, the qa dependence disappears, but the density profile broadens near the edge with increasing plasma current. A second database of moderate density, moderate qa discharges (0.2 < n̄e/[1020 m−3] < 0.4, 2.4 < qa < 4.2), is presented for comparison.


This paper presents a new approach of offshore jacket strengthening with rigidly connected members and minimizing the number of clamps and bolts. Horizontal and diagonal braces between two successive elevations of a jacket in a plane may be combined to form a prefabricated X-brace which will be able to replace a set of existing damaged members. To facilitate easy installation, X-frame will be assembled along with its connecting half-clamps and one side of the X-frame will be provided with retractable ends. The annulus portion of the movable ends of the X-frame will be grouted to make rigidly joined new braces. The case study involves an aging offshore platform that undergoes a large amount of horizontal movement due to environmental loads. In spite of earlier upgrade with new piles and clamped braces, the substructure is found to be considerably flexible as a result of loose clamps and construction tolerance provided at the ends of each member. A detailed analytical study has been performed with the proposed strengthening scheme that shows significant improvement of the platform movement.


Family planning is one of the national programs of the Indonesian government. There are several methods of contraception including sterilization. Until recently it was suggested that postpartum sterilization was effective easy to perform and low-cost. However at RS Dr. Kariadi Semarang it is evident that there are constraints; e.g. refusal by potential acceptors. To study the background of these refusals personal approaches and interviews have been used. This paper represents a study on the background of those postpartum sterilization refusals. The results indicated objections by spouse desire for more children and use of other methods of contraception as most prominent. This paper analyzes these constraints with the hope that the analysis can be useful in reviewing strategies in support of this sterilization method. (authors modified) (summary in ENG)


PhospholipaseA2 is the first enzyme in the eicosanoids pathway. PLA2 from various species have been characterized and classified into several groups. Differential expression and functions of these different groups are yet to be established. Among these, the group I and II PLA2s have been studied most. We report here our results on the cloning and sequencing of PLA2s from Indian red and black scorpions and the expression of red scorpion PLA2 in bacterial system. The expressed protein was purified from the inclusion bodies in its active form. Amino acid comparisons establish that scorpion PLA2 belongs to group III and does not have sequence homology with other PLA2 groups. The nucleotide homology with other group III PLA2 also is not significant. However the sequence motifs for the catalysis, for Ca++ binding as well as for the secondary structures are well conserved. It has a truncated N‐terminus and an extended C‐terminal sequence. The extended C‐terminal segment does not display any sequence homology to any known protein sequences in the data bank. Scorpion group III PLA2 shares a structural similarity with group II bungarotoxin PLA2 in having a second peptide subunit linked by disulfide bridge. We have also shown by surface plasma resonance studies that the designed inhibitors for group I/II PLA2s can bind to group III PLA2 indicating that these inhibitors have a wider spectrum of target molecules than previously documented.


Purpose
Permanent magnet synchronous spherical motors can have wide use in robotics and industrial automation. They enable three-DOF omnidirectional motion of their rotor. They are suitable for several applications, such as actuation in robotics, traction in electric vehicles and use in several automation systems. Unlike conventional synchronous motors, permanent magnet synchronous spherical motors consist of a fixed inner shell, which is the stator, and a rotating outer shell, which is the rotor. Their dynamic model is multivariable and strongly nonlinear. The treatment of the associated control problem is important.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, the multivariable dynamic model of permanent magnet synchronous spherical motors is analysed, and a nonlinear optimal (H-infinity) control method is developed for it. Differential flatness properties are proven for the spherical motors' state-space model. Next, the motors' state-space description undergoes approximate linearization with the use of first-order Taylor series expansion and through the computation of the associated Jacobian matrices. The linearization process takes place at each sampling instance around a time-varying operating point, which is defined by the present value of the motors' state vector and by the last sampled value of the control input vector. For the approximately linearized model of the permanent magnet synchronous spherical motors, a stabilizing H-infinity feedback controller is designed. To compute the controller's gains, an algebraic Riccati equation has to be repetitively solved at each time-step of the control algorithm. The global stability properties of the control scheme are proven through Lyapunov analysis. Finally, the performance of the nonlinear optimal control method is compared against a flatness-based control approach implemented in successive loops.

Findings
Due to the nonlinear and multivariable structure of the state-space model of spherical motors, the solution of the associated nonlinear control problem is a nontrivial task. In this paper, a novel nonlinear optimal (H-infinity) control approach is proposed for the dynamic model of permanent magnet synchronous spherical motors. The method is based on approximate linearization of the motor's state-space model with the use of first-order Taylor series expansion and the computation of the associated Jacobian matrices. Furthermore, the paper has introduced a different solution to the nonlinear control problem of the permanent magnet synchronous spherical motor, which is based on flatness-based control implemented in successive loops.

Research limitations/implications
The presented control approaches do not exhibit any limitations, but on the contrary, they have specific advantages. In comparison to global linearization-based control schemes (such as Lie-algebra-based control), they do not make use of complicated changes of state variables (diffeomorphisms) and transformations of the system's state-space description. The computed control inputs are applied directly to the initial nonlinear state-space model of the permanent magnet spherical motor without the intervention of inverse transformations and thus without coming against the risk of singularities.

Practical implications
The motion control problem of spherical motors is nontrivial because of the complicated nonlinear and multivariable dynamics of these electric machines. So far, there have been several attempts to apply nonlinear feedback control to permanent magnet-synchronous spherical motors. However, due to the model's complexity, few results exist about the associated nonlinear optimal control problem. The proposed nonlinear control methods for permanent magnet synchronous spherical motors make more efficient, precise and reliable the use of such motors in robotics, electric traction and several automation systems.

Social implications
The treated research topic is central for robotic and industrial automation. Permanent magnet synchronous spherical motors are suitable for several applications, such as actuation in robotics, traction in electric vehicles and use in several automation systems. The solution of the control problem for the nonlinear dynamic model of permanent magnet synchronous spherical motors has many industrial applications and therefore contributes to economic growth and development.

Originality/value
The proposed nonlinear optimal control method is novel compared to past attempts to solve the optimal control problem for nonlinear dynamical systems. Unlike past approaches, in the new nonlinear optimal control method, linearization is performed around a temporary operating point, which is defined by the present value of the system's state vector and by the last sampled value of the control inputs vector and not at points that belong to the desirable trajectory (setpoints). Besides, the Riccati equation which is used for computing the feedback gains of the controller is new, and so is the global stability proof for this control method. Compared to nonlinear model predictive control, which is a popular approach for treating the optimal control problem in industry, the new nonlinear optimal (H-infinity) control scheme is of proven global stability, and the convergence of its iterative search for the optimum does not depend on initial conditions and trials with multiple sets of controller parameters. It is also noteworthy that the nonlinear optimal control method is applicable to a wider class of dynamical systems than approaches based on the solution of state dependent Riccati equations (SDRE). The SDRE approaches can be applied only to dynamical systems which can be transformed into the linear parameter varying form. Besides, the nonlinear optimal control method performs better than nonlinear optimal control schemes, which use approximation of the solution of the Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equation by Galerkin series expansions. Furthermore, the second control method proposed in this paper, which is flatness-based control in successive loops, is also novel and demonstrates substantial contribution to nonlinear control for robotics and industrial automation.


The aim of this thesis is to develop and evaluate both the manufacturing concepts and real layouts. The manufacturing parts of a business unit at Witzenmann GmbH is currently distributed over three separate locations. This leads to high lead times, high inventory, and a huge amount of transport. The report provides a guideline for factory planning in general, with focus on material flow, and uses the project at the company to plan a new factory. The report describes the different steps followed in the master thesis work, the results obtained thereof, discussion and recommendations. The report is organized as follows: firstly, an overview of the used methods, e.g. the process analysis, material flow analysis, layout planning and the value benefit analysis is provided. Following this, a frame of reference, including information about systematic factory planning and production concepts, is presented. The results of the used methods indicate the influences of space calculation methods, manufacturing concepts, and layout design on the material flow within a factory. Lastly, the discussions of the results show areas of improvements regarding the used manufacturing concepts, the systems for supply and disposal, and the layout design. The conclusion chapter reflects on the work done with future recommendations.


T he use ofureteral stunts has become a standard part of urologic practice, since the first description by Zimskind et al. in 1967 [1]. In pediatrics, ureteral stenting is typically performed for stone disease before lithotripsy and for difficult ureteropelvic junction repairs. Although complications of ureteral stunt placement are rare, we report two cases involving boys with ureteral stunts in which the distal ends were malpositioned in the posterior urethra. We have devised a simple method for repositioning these stents in the fluoroscopy suite, obviating a return to the operating room and cystoscopy.


This article utilizes TOGA COARE bulk Air-sea flux algorithm 3.0,the evaporation duct model based on the flux algorithm(called flux evaporation duct model) is established,and analyses the environment factors sensitivity of the model and the error sensitivity through comparison with Paulus-Jeske model,and developes the marine experiment evaluating detected by radar distance,quite all-sidedly expatiates on the performance of the evaporation duct model based on the flux algorithm.


Two types of knowledge, triples from knowledge graphs and texts from unstructured documents, have been studied for knowledge aware open-domain conversation generation, in which triple attributes or graph paths can narrow down vertex candidates for knowledge selection decision, and texts can provide rich information for response generation. Fusion of a knowledge graph and texts might yield mutually reinforcing advantages for conversation generation, but there is less study on that. To address this challenge, we propose a knowledge aware chatting machine with three components, an augmented knowledge graph containing both triples and texts, knowledge selector, and response generator. For knowledge selection on the graph, we formulate it as a problem of multi-hop graph reasoning that is more explainable and flexible in comparison with previous works. To fully leverage long text information that differentiates our graph from others, we improve a state of the art reasoning algorithm with machine reading comprehension technology . We demonstrate that supported by such unified knowledge and explain-able knowledge selection method, our system can generate more appropriate and informative responses than baselines.


This study was conducted to evaluating financial disclosure on websites of bank and non bank go public in Indonesia using the Internet Financial Reporting Index (IFRI). Internet Financial Reporting Index consist four elements namely content, timeless, technology and user support. This study was an illustrated of the general financial disclosure by examining differences internet financial reporting index. Sampling technique used in this study was purposive sampling. There are 34 samples consisting 25 banks and 9 non banks go public in Indonesia. Analytical techniques used in this study were t independent samples test and discriminant analysis. The results of this study show that there is differences internet financial reporting index between bank and non bank go public in Indonesia. Internet financial reporting index of bank is higher than internet financial reporting index of non bank. The user support score is higher than the content index, the timeless index and the technology index. The result of discriminant analysis show that the internet financial reporting index is the most differentiated variable group of banks and non banks and the accuracy for the discriminant function above is 67.6%.


A pair of specific primers were designed according to the nucleotide sequence of NS1 gene of porcine parvovirus NADL-2 strain from the GenBank,and the genomic DNAs of PPV S-1 strain extracted from different passages were amplified by PCR and then their products were respectively cloned into pGEM-T vector and sequenced.The results showed that the amplification fragments were about 2.2 kb long,including whole NS1 gene and coding for 662 amino acids.The sequence analysis showed that the homology among the NS1 genes of PPV S-1 isolate from all the passages was over 99.4%in nucleotide and over 98.5%in amino acid.Some variations were found in the NS1 genes of PPV S-1 strain from different passages,in which four uniform mutations were C→T at the site 1 052, G→A at the site 1 636,A→G at the site 1 717 and T→G at the site 1 732,and their corresponding changes of amino acids were Thr~(351)→Met~(351),Val~(546)→Met~(546),Asn~(573)→Asp~(573) and Ser~(578)→Ala~(578),respec- tively,being probably one of the molecular bases of PPV S-1 attenuated by serial passages in ST cells.


IT-based business initiatives, such as ERP and BPR, require high computer self-efficacy among employees because these changes require a large-scale use of computers. Computer self-efficacy is affected by many internal and external factors, for instance, personality, organizational culture, etc. While extensive literature exists on how psychological and sociological factors affect a person's self-efficacy, almost no research has been done on how organizational culture could influence employees' computer self-efficacy. This paper examines the relationship between organizational culture and employees' self-efficacy for a sample of 352 subjects. The results from multiple regression and discriminant analysis show teamwork and information flow contribute most to employees' computer self-efficacy.


Background— The effect of language acculturation, socioeconomic status (SES), and immigrant generation on development of diabetes among Mexican Americans was evaluated in the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly (HEPESE). Methods— HEPESE is a longitudinal cohort study of 3,050 non-institutionalized Mexican Americans aged 65 years at baseline (1993–1994) from 5 Southwestern states. Diabetes incidence was ascertained in 4 follow-up surveys to 2004–05 by respondent self-reported physician-diagnosis of diabetes, high blood glucose, or sugar in the urine. Language of interview, immigrant generation, gender, age, education, family history of diabetes, smoking status, alcohol use, health insurance type and self-reported height and weight were assessed. High socioeconomic status (SES) was defined by high school graduation and non-Medicaid insurance. Cox's proportional hazards models were fit to evaluate the effects of language acculturation, generation and SES on incident diabetes. Results— 845 of 3,050 (27.7%) Mexican Americans had diabetes at baseline and were younger, more educated, and more likely to have health insurance than those without diabetes. Risk of developing diabetes increased for Spanish-speaking respondents with low SES from 1 st to 3 rd generation (HR = 1.76, 95% CI = 1.02–3.03) and from 2 nd to 3 rd generation (HR = 2.15, 95% CI = 1.20–3.84). Among English-speaking, high SES participants, generation had a protective effect on developing diabetes: HR = 0.45 (95% CI = 0.22–0.91) when comparing 3 rd versus 1 st generation Conclusion— The effect of language acculturation and immigrant generation on incident diabetes is moderated by SES status in HEPESE participants.


In this review, the physiologic and pharmacologic effects of tricyclic antidepressants are discussed as they apply to an overdose situation. Systemic arterial hypotension is a frequent occurrence in major overdoses. Occasionally conventional resuscitative measures such as crystalloid or colloid infusion are inadequate and vasoactive agents must be employed in an attempt to normalize blood pressure. The use of these agents is discussed in terms of their physiologic and pharmacologic actions in the management of refractory hypotension induced by tricyclics.


National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita Hospital

 Right ventricular dysfunction is the worst mortality predictor in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Recent animal PAH studies have demonstrated the benefit of partial fatty acid inhibitor such as trimetazidine in improving right ventricular function. Therefore, we hypothesize that trimetazidine can improve right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) in PAH patients.

 Investigating the effect of  trimetazidine on right ventricle function in PAH patients.

 We conducted 3 months randomized double blind placebo controlled trial on PAH patients at outpatient clinic in National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita Hospital Indonesia. Those who fulfilled the inclusion criteria will be randomized into trimetazidine or placebo group for 3 months on top of their standard PAH regime. Clinical and cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) parameters will be evaluated before and after 3 months therapy. The primary outcome of this study is the differences of RVEF from CMR.

 We randomly enrolled 26 PAH patients equally to receive placebo or trimetazidine for 3 months on top of their standard PAH regime. Total of 10 patients in each group was able to finish the study. There was significant improvement of RVEF in trimetazidine group 3.78 + 1.5% compared to placebo 2.76 + 1.6% (p 0.008, CI 1.96 to 10.96). Furthermore, we also observed improvement of functional capacity in trimetazidine group 0.24 + 0.09 compared to placebo -0.44 + 0.16 (p 0.002, CI 0.28 s/d 1.08).

 Trimetazidine therapy for 3 months on top of standard PAH regime significantly improve RVEF and functional capacity in PAH patients.
 Abstract P194 Figure. Effect of trimetazidine on RV function


OBJECTIVE
To study the content dynamics of glycyrrhizic acid and soluble sugar in Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma.

METHODS
Adopted the PVP root canal and the field experiment, the active ingredient content of glycyrrhizic acid and soluble sugar 2 years old cultivated Glycyrrhiza uralensis in the samples was studied.

RESULTS
The content of glycyrrhizic acid was high in the root morphology of the bottom of the vertical distribution; The content of glycyrrhizic acid was decreased in the rhizome from the root to the direction away from the main root; in one year, the content of glycyrrhizic acid was varied with the Glycyrrhiza uralensis developmental stages. The accumulation peak was in early July, the peak of soluble sugar content was the period in mid-July to early August.

CONCLUSION
The optimum harvest period is the late September to early October.


Recently, search stopping behavior has gained attention from researchers. The purpose of the present research study was to investigate if users' level of domain knowledge influenced when they chose to end a search for information. The topic of stopping behavior was investigated using a convenience sample of 15 third-and fourth-year undergraduate students at a large university. This study investigated how users' level of domain knowledge influenced their decisions to stop information searches. Subjects were asked to complete four search task in which their completion time was measured. Subjects also completed questionnaires about their experiences and participated in an exit interview. The results of the study indicated that there was not an association between knowledge level and stopping behavior. However, the results of the study indicated there was a correlation between levels of domain knowledge and levels of interest in domains. There was also a strong correlation between the subjects' satisfaction with the search process and the retrieved results. Lastly, there was a negative correlation between the subjects' level of domain knowledge and their task times.


A medium-pore zeolite ZSM-5 has been modified by impregnation with an aqueous solution of 12-tungstosilicic acid. Adsorption measurements, IR spectroscopy and catalytic probe reactions (ethylbenzene conversion and m-xylene isomerization) show that the Keggin unit [SiW12O40]4– cannot penetrate the ZSM-5 pore system but merely becomes deposited on the external zeolite surface. Thermal decomposition of the acid yields WO3 at high loading accompanied by a loss of acid sites in the channel system. This is not exclusively caused by further dealumination but has partially to be attributed to site blocking by WO3. Obviously, the decomposition of the acid involves mobile species of smaller size which are able to migrate into the interior of the zeolite.


The following collection of articles commemorates the twentieth anniversary of the first critical race theory (CRT) conference in Madison, Wisconsin (US). In the spirit of the collection of graduat...


many years investigators have been interested in a more simplified method of determining the potability of water, one which would eliminate the false presumptive tests, while still retaining the efficiency of the standard lactose test. Many procedures have been developed but few, if any, have proven as efficient as the standard. This does not mean, however, that the standard method is ideal; it is very time consuming, shows many false positives, and at best is far from 100 per cent efficient. A method, therefore, which is rapid, shows few false positives and is decidedly more efficient would be welcome.


The ability to track changing distributions and long-term inter actions between native and introduced species provides insights into forecasting impacts of invaders. We used data from deliberate field introduction experiments of a freshwater Gammarus amphipod (Crustacea) to the rivers of a small British island, The Isle of Man. The deliberate introductions commenced in 1949 and re-sampling occurred in the '60s, '70s '80s, '90s, 200 5 and finally in 2015. The findings generally confirmed the failure of introductions of Gammarus pulex into sites previously dominated by the native Gammarus duebeni celticus even with high propagule pressure in terms of numbers of individual invaders released and repeated introductions. Despite this, the island-wide 2015 survey revealed that G. d. celticus occurred in fewer sites and G. pulex in more sites than a decade earlier, indicating at this island-wide scale, the displacement of G. pulex by G. d. celticus seems to be continuing. In addition, one of the introduction sites, Arbory Stream which contained G. d. celticus from 1951–2005 contained only G. pulex in 2015, showing that even after six decades, assumptions cannot be made as to the limits of invader range expansion. Multivariate analysis of physico-chemical data from the 2015 island-wide sur vey revealed water quality as a crucial environmental gradient that influences the distributions of the native and invader species, with the former in higher organic water quality sites than sites with the invader or where invader and native co-occurred. The North American amp hipod Crangonyx pseudogracilis had expanded its range since 2005, including invading low biological water quality sites previously devoid of both Gammarus spp.. Pollution from historic metal mining is implicated as a potential major factor excluding amphipods. This deliberate ecological experiment, through long-term monitoring, continues to provide insights into the factors determining the distributions of natives and invaders.


Control system technology has been highly developed where conventional methods change towards automation, especially in a process of repetitive material transfer. This is due to the limited ability of humans to carry out repetitive processes. Crane is one type of material handling that is very often used to replace human functions in the process of repetitive repetition of goods. The purpose of this study is to design a construction, motion system and control system in an automatic material handling crane model, wherein the manufacture uses a rapid prototyping approach and makes a design that is able to meet the eligibility criteria so that tools can be made. In this study the design process begins with a benchmarking process to obtain a description of the design and rapid prototyping approach so that the production process will be faster. The results of this study produced a material handling crane model trainer kit with a motion system using a stepper motor and servo motor, and a control system regulated by Arduino Mega. The design is declared feasible to continue in the manufacturing process after fulfilling the criteria tested. This research is only limited to designation and not all parts can be made using rapid prototyping techniques.


Modern technologies designed to use natural resources in different ways are applied to restructure the environment. The use of technologies results in the deformation of environment, its local, regional and global changes occur. In the course of mining the spaces disturbed by the mine opening rock heaps and processing wastes are formed and rapidly appear. These spaces are dead surfaces the negative effect of which extends to the surrounding areas. Thus, the indirect impact on the lands connected with the change of the condition and regime of the surface and groundwater, settling of dust and chemical compounds from emissions to the atmosphere as well as the products of wind and water erosion lead to deterioration in the quality of the lands, surface and groundwater resources in the area affected by mining.


As the founded of nano-probing technique on Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) base system, the Active Voltage Contrast (AVC) and electron beam absorbed current (EBAC) technique are easier to apply on failure analysis. Both these two can isolate failure location accurately, and high resistance site also can be located by these powerful tools. Based on passed analysis experience, we will investigate and present the utilization of these two techniques to develop the better condition. By the investigating on test circuit of metal/via chain, the better effective analysis skill can be applied to the related high resistance failure analysis.


Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg, Vol. 34, No. 6, 2018 e213 Hemolacria or bloody epiphora is an uncommon presentation with multiple etiopathogenetic factors, and establishing the causative factor can be challenging. A female, aged 35 years, presented with repeated episodes of right-sided bloody tears of 3-month duration. She also had a right-sided intermittent epiphora of 1-year duration. There was no past history of any trauma or other systemic disorders. Lacrimal drainage irrigation was suggestive of a right partial nasolacrimal duct obstruction, and the left side was patent. Ocular examination was normal. A dacryoendoscopy evaluation showed 2 large submucosal varices at the junction of the lacrimal sac and nasolacrimal duct (Fig. A, black arrows). During the examination, one of the dilated vessels demonstrated spontaneous leakage of blood (Fig. B, black arrow). In the vicinity of these vessels, was a large dacryolith (Fig. C, black arrow), which was filling two thirds of the lumen and intermittently touching the varices with irrigation fluid movements. Because the dacryolith was very large and the location of varices at the narrow sac/duct junction, an option of a dacryocystorhinostomy with removal of the dacryolith and cauterization of the vessels was considered but the patient decided to observe for now. The submucosal areas of the sac-duct junction and the nasolacrimal duct have large dilated cavernous sinuses and hence is more prone for the development of varices. The cause of hemolacria in the present case was the friable varices with the dacryolith in the vicinity, being an exacerbating factor. The differential diagnosis of hemolacria includes trauma, lacrimal tumors, endometriosis, and bleeding disorders. Although rare, lacrimal varices should also be kept in the differential diagnosis of an unexplained hemolacria.


AbstractPropagating solid elastic waves forms the basis of multiple nondestructive evaluation (NDE) and structural health monitoring techniques. The majority require direct sensor contact with the material or structure being tested. Conventional NDE methods such as ultrasonic testing have rigorous coupling requirements and limited ranges for damage or defect detection. These requirements and limitations make inspection of large areas or complex geometries slow and cumbersome or altogether impractical. Removing the requirement for contact between the sensor and structure could greatly relax the geometric and size limitations of current elastic wave–based NDE techniques. Laser-based excitation and detection of solid elastic waves are demonstrated capabilities; however, existing laser-based excitation techniques lack the precision and flexibility required by NDE methods that target specific wave modes or frequencies. This proof-of-concept study investigates using a pulsing laser for frequency controlled exci...


Discusses the development of digital TV over 1997 to 1999 from the point of view of the TV receiver industry.


An overview of the influence of coherent coupling in light–matter interaction traced by transients in pumpprobe spectroscopy is given, with special emphasis on interest and works provided by the authors. Advantages of this technique used to trace pathways of transfer and decay of quantum coherences in atoms, molecular aggregates, and biological structures, as well as feasibility of the probing of both the lifetime and characteristic lengths (area, volume) of coherent excitations are discussed. Theoretical analysis of the pump-probe measure ments is based on the numerical solution of the equation for the reduced density matrix in the representation of atomic, molecular, and excitonic states, considering coherent coupling between light and appropriate quantum states precisely.


Steve Pemberton overcame not having a family and experiencing violent abuse because a few people he encountered "saw" him. He used his experiences to inspire the ASHA 2019 Convention audience at his keynote address. Pemberton reminded the listeners that their work not only changes the immediate lives of the people they serve but continues for years and through generations.


IN dissecting a body lately, which was that of an old woman, apparently between 60 and 70 years old, it was found, on examining the front of the larynx, that the isthmus and left lobe of the thyroid gland were totally absent. The inferior and superior thyroid arteries on that side were exceedingly small, but each of them sent a slender branch to the place where the missing lobe should have been. The right lobe was not at all larger than usual, and showed no signs of ever having been united across the middle litie, the borders being remarkably well defined. The remains of the thymus gland seeined larger than usuaL


This paper addresses the issues and challenges involved in adoption and applicability of International Accounting Standards (IAS) and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) to India with Oracle (ERP) Financials. Specifically, the paper highlights some major areas where the corporate entities are facing the critical issues in maintaining the Accounting Standards and its Reporting system to locally and globally. The attempt to study the major challenges that are lying before the companies which are globally spread and the common problems in achieving the good quality reporting standards keeping in view the present business complications. The study has made an attempt how to face these challenges effectively and efficiently with the help of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) software more specifically Oracle Financials which is having wide variety of modules like Oracle's E-Business Suite, Oracle's Hyperion Financial Management etc. Each module is having its unique features and helps in following the International Accounting Standards (IAS), IFRS and also the local accounting standards developed by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI), India's standard setting body, is increasingly attempting to provide this transparency by revisions and additions to accounting standards, and by Exposure Drafts which aim to bring India more in line with International Financial Reporting Standards.


ABSTRACT - Growth records data of 688 animals from the Nellore breed reared in two herds in the El'Dourado farm were used to estimate the means, heritability coefficients and the genetic, phenotypic and environmental correlations for the birth weight, weaning weight and from birth to weaning daily gain (pre-weaning daily gain). The least-Square Method was used for the analysis of variance of data with unequal frequency in the subclasses. The average observed birth weight, weaning weight (at 205 days) and pre-weaning daily gain were equal to 32,77±3,37, 190,81±37,37 and 0,771±0,128 kg/day, respectively. The hereditability for birth weight, weaning weight and pre-weaning estimated by the method of intra-class correlations among paternal half sibs in progeny from 84 sire, were 0,59±0,14, 0,42±0,13 and 0,35±0,17, respectively. The genetic, phenotypic and environmental correlation's between birth weight and weaning weight were 0,83±0,12, 0,33 and -0,31, respectively. The genetic, phenotypic and environmental correlations between birth weight and pre-weaning gain were equal to 0,77±0,16, 0,20 and ¾0,42 and between weaning weight and pre-weaning gain were equal to 0,99±0,03, 0,99 and 0,99, respectively.


To carry out human resource management information system (HRMIS) in vocational colleges based on B/S structure, this paper puts forward its design and implementation plan. In addition, this paper introduces the design and implementation method of VS.NET and SQL Server system.


Addition of nucleophiles to the chemiluminescent acridinium-9-carboxamide 1 resulted in the formation of the acridan adduct 7. The relative ratio of 1/7 present in solution could be determined by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) for a number of nucleophiles that are commonly employed during the use of 1 as a label in medical diagnostic assays.


To the Editor:— Dr. Irving Brick in his paper "Early Diagnosis in Massive Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage," which appeared inThe Journal, April 6, page 1217, has commented on the importance of salicylates as a cause of gastrointestinal bleeding, particularly in patients with peptic ulcer. The significance of this relationship is emphasized by two recent publications on the subject. Brown and Mitchell ( Gastroenterology 31 :198-203 [Aug.] 1956) stated that hemorrhage followed the ingestion of salicyl compounds in 69.5% of their series of patients with bleeding duodenal ulcer. Interestingly enough, 77% (seven) of their patients with perforated peptic ulcer had a history of salicyl intake. Kelly ( Am. J. M. Sc. 232 :119-128 [Aug.] 1956) reported that 20% of a series of patients with bleeding peptic ulcer were receiving salicylates when symptoms developed. He also pointed out that the records of 32% of 49 patients with unexplained upper gastrointestinal bleeding revealed a history


Hydropericardium syndrome (HPS) was produced after experimental infection of two different synthetic lines of chickens, white (B1) and coloured (B2) plumage broilers in their 3rd and 4th weeks of age. B1 broilers were found more susceptible and mortality ranged from 92.3% to 97%. B2 broilers were less susceptible and mortality ranged from 15.7% to 23.3%. Sixty percent mortality was observed in 3-week-old sentinel B1 broilers. Sixty percent of the B1 broilers chickens infected at eight weeks old died due to HPS, whereas B2 broilers showed no clinical signs, nor died, even at six weeks of age. High mortality was observed in B1 broilers following infection with chloroform-extracted homogenate of infective livers. HPS was a consistent feature in dead birds. Gross pathological lesions were observed in liver, kidney and heart. Microscopic lesions were observed in liver, kidney, Harderian gland, brain, heart, lung, pancreas, spleen and bursa. Some of the hepatocytes contained large basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies. A difference in susceptibility of two synthetic lines of broiler chickens to HPS disease virus is recorded for the first time.


This paper describes a VLSI device designed for low-power Neuro-Fuzzy computation, which is based on Coherent Pulse Width Modulation. The device implements several Neural and Fuzzy paradigms. Weights are stored as a voltage on a pair of capacitors, which are sequentially refreshed by a built-in self-refresh circuit. The performance of the system is analyzed theoretically, and results are compared against values measured from a prototype device, which contains a 32/spl times/32 synaptic array, consuming 10 mW of power at 140 MCPS.


to orient them to the issues of HIV infection and to the need for a nonjudgemental approach. A series of HIV testing centres across Ontario, possibly administered by health units, established to provide greater access to testing on a confidential basis, would meet the same need, since, as Mackie points out, "confidentiality at the Ministry of Health and public health laboratories is excellent". We should be encouraging people at risk to be tested, especially now that early treatment holds promise. We should be assuring patients of confidentiality in testing and of anonymity in the partner notification process. We should be involving them and assisting them in that process, especially when partners are likely to surmise their identity. We should also be counselling them about their responsibility to their partners. Anonymous testing, however, leaves a critical concern unaddressed. Partners of infected people have the right to know of their risk. Under an anonymous testing system the responsibility for partner notification would devolve to the tested individual. There would be no guarantee that partners would be notified. Although most infected people are sincerely concerned about their partners, in several notorious cases recently people have behaved without regard for the health and lives of others. There needs to be an ability to protect people who are placed at ongoing risk. Finally, I take extreme umbrage at Mackie's comment that the position of public health officials is "spurious and self-serving". Our goal is to prevent disease, particularly among those people to whom Mackie refers. Although it is right for practitioners to advocate for their patients, it is the responsibility of public health officials to protect the uninfected.


Many elderly choose to live in nursing homes because they do not receive attention from their families. Loneliness that is felt in nursing homes can affect the mental health of the elderly. This research has high urgency because it describes the negative impact of loneliness (loneliness) on the level of depression in the elderly who are widows/widowers who live in social institutions. In a social context that often lacks attention to this population, this research is important to identify problems and direct attention to efforts to prevent and treat their mental health problems. This study aims to examine the relationship between loneliness (loneliness) and the level of depression in the elderly who are widows/widowers in social institutions. This study uses the literature study method by taking two national articles and three international articles as references. The results show that there is a positive and significant relationship between loneliness and the level of depression in the elderly with widow/widower status in social institutions.


&NA; The primary finding we report is a relationship between choice with regard to pregnancy and the development of symptoms during pregnancy. In three groups consisting of 18 mothers of schizophrenic children, 37 mothers of moderately disturbed children, and 28 mothers of children without known emotional disturbance, no significant differences were found in the number of symptoms during pregnancy claimed by the three groups. There was also no difference between the groups in the tendency to plan or not to plan pregnancies. The difference found thus occurs across groups and relates intention to conceive (or lack of such intention) to symptom development during pregnancy. Although the finding reported above is intriguing, it should be noted that there are a number of limitations to the study. The data are retrospective, that is, mothers are reporting events‐‐in this case, planning of pregnancy and symptoms during pregnancy‐‐several years after their occurrence. Recollection of these events may be significantly distorted by subsequent events, particularly by development of emotional disturbance in the child. Other limitations are the relatively small samples, the high proportion of the total sample made up of mothers of disturbed children, and the lack of specificity regarding what is a "planned" pregnancy ("planned" by wife, by husband, with what degree of agreement and commitment?). It is obvious that all reports of planning of pregnancy will be retrospective and that the reports must of necessity be given in a social context that will have a bearing on what is reported. It was our hope that the two questions of significance in the present study, having been imbedded in a questionnaire that covered many areas, would produce less self‐conscious replies. This cannot of course be taken for granted. In a subsequent study, we plan to make a more adequate test of the hypothesis. It is our intention to collect data regarding planning of pregnancy and symptoms during pregnancy from a large sample of women without known emotional disturbance who are in their eighth month of pregnancy. This does not obviate the problem that a difficult pregnancy would be recalled as unplanned. It does, however, reduce some of the memory factors, and it is possible that information on planning could be obtained from attending obstetricians considerably earlier in the pregnancy. We report this preliminary finding in the hope that investigators in this area may frame researches with this possibility in mind because, as mentioned in the review of the literature, the data were available in previous studies, but this particular relationship was not tested.


OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of domestic gatifloxacin in the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections of elder people. METHODS Ninety five patients were randomly divided into two groups.Both gatifloxacin and levofloxacin were separately administered at a dose of 400mg,once a day for 7 to 14 days.But gatifloxacin group was selected intravenous-oral sequential therapy while levofloxacin group was adopted continuous intravenous infusion. RESULTS Forty six patients were enrolled in gatifloxacin group,46 patients were assessed for safety and 43 patients for efficacy,while 49 patients were enrolled in levofloxacin group,48 patients were assessed for safety and 41 patients for efficacy.The overall cure rates and efficacy rates were 79.07%,and 95.35%in gatifloxacin group,and 82.93%,and 95.12% in levofloxacin group,respectively.The bacterial clearance rates were 94.59%(in gatifloxacin group) and 89.47%(in levofloxacin group),there was no significant difference(P0.05) between two groups in the above results.Disc agar diffusion test showed the sensitivity rates of overall clinical isolates to gatifloxacin and levofloxacin were 97.56% and 92.68%,respectively.The incidence of adverse drug reactions(ADR) of two groups were 23.91% and 43.75%,respectively.In 5 cases severe ADR were found. CONCLUSIONS Sequential therapy of gatifloxacin may get satisfactory results in lower respiratory tract infections of elder people.The irrational use of drugs is an important factor to increase ADR(including collateral damage).So we should pay attention to the ADR and grasp the indications strictly and use the drugs appropriately,especially for the elder patients.


European Currency and PoliticsThis article examines the reasons for the difficult reform of the EU Stability and Growth Pact in March 2005. The debate on the Pact resuscitated a latent tension between two opposite sets of motivations that had led to the creation of the euro in the 1980s and 1990s. From this perspective, the reform of 2005 is a dilatory solution that leaves the political game fairly open.


In 45 steel extension rod heat treatment hardness insufficient problem,through section hardness,metallographic testing,from the hardness change trend,microscopic metallographic structure of heat treatment microstructure variation principle,analyzes the main causes of inadequate hardness,and targeted measures,effective problem solving.


Most individuals exposed to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), adults and children alike, do not become infected. Understanding the basis of this protection depends on systematically and comprehensively defining factors that determine the infectiousness of the host and the susceptibility of the recipient. Successful transmission depends on the relative balance between infectiousness and susceptibility, both of which are influenced by biologic, behavioral, and environmental factors. In this review, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of mother‐to‐child HIV transmission as a model in which to elucidate correlates of immune protection.


Objective To investigate the changes and clinical significance of plasma leptin,serum homocysteine(Hcy) and cystatin C(CysC) in patients with nephrotic syndrome(NS).Methods Fifty two patients with NS(study group) and 20 case of healthy medical examination people(normal control group) were enrolled in our study,radioimmunoassay(RIA),chemiluminescence and ELISA were respectively applied to determine plasma leptin,serum Hcy and CysC,and results were compared between the two groups.Results The levels of leptin,Hcy and CysC in study group were statistically higher than those of normal control group(t = 2.97,P 0.05;t = 5.35,P 0.01;t = 2.60,P 0.05).Conclusion Plasma leptin,serum Hcy and CysC are significantly increased in patients with NS,it is beneficial to further understand the conditions,therapeutic effect and prognosis of patients.


BACKGROUND
The aim of the study was to evaluate the in vitro quality of cryopreserved red blood cells obtained from different sources with or without leucodepletion and stored at 4±2 °C in AS-3 for up to 21 days.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Red blood cells were collected by four methods: double erythrocytapheresis, whole blood collection with buffy coat removal, double erythrocytapheresis with in-line leucofiltration, or whole blood collection with in-line leucofiltration. All four types of red blood cells were frozen in 40% glycerol after collection and stored at a temperature below -65 °C for at least 30 days, thawed, deglycerolised and subsequently reconstituted in AS-3. The in vitro haematological and biochemical properties of the thawed red blood cells were tested on days 0, 7, 14, and 21 after deglycerolisation and reconstitution.

RESULTS
Overall, 72 units were processed. Leucodepletion of cryopreserved red blood cells units reduced haemolysis, lowered ammonia concentration, preserved pH and osmolality and led to sustained higher concentrations of ATP. In contrast, the source of red blood cells (apheresis or whole blood) did not affect their quality.

DISCUSSION
The quality of all investigated red blood cells units was the same as or even better than that of erythrocytes obtained from double erythrocytapheresis with a 24-hour survival of at least 86% after up to 3 weeks of storage in AS-3.


The schemes of cumulus parameterization are responsible for the sub-grid-scale effects of convective and/or shallow clouds, and intended to represent vertical fluxes due to unresolved updrafts and downdrafts and compensating motion outside the clouds. Some schemes additionally provide cloud and precipitation field tendencies in the convective column, and momentum tendencies due to convective transport of momentum. The schemes all provide the convective component of surface rainfall. Betts-Miller-Janjic (BMJ) is one scheme to fulfill such purposes in the weather research and forecast (WRF) model. National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) has tried to optimize the BMJ scheme for operational application. As there are no interactions among horizontal grid points, this scheme is very suitable for parallel computation. With the advantage of Intel Xeon Phi Many Integrated Core (MIC) architecture, efficient parallelization and vectorization essentials, it allows us to optimize the BMJ scheme. If compared to the original code respectively running on one CPU socket (eight cores) and on one CPU core with Intel Xeon E5-2670, the MIC-based optimization of this scheme running on Xeon Phi coprocessor 7120P improves the performance by 2.4x and 17.0x, respectively.


Abstract Shapiro et al. found that White people had greater rejection fears from and desires to reject a Black person with a Black friend (homogeneous network) versus a White friend (heterogeneous network). We aimed to replicate these findings in a high-powered, pre-registered study and explored a novel question: would racial heterogeneity in the target's network allay rejection concerns and desires only if it included a friend whose race matched the perceiver's? Results mostly replicated Shapiro and colleagues'. New here, an Asian friend prompted equally weak rejection concerns and inclinations as did a White friend, with both below the Black friend condition. Thus, White people surmised a Black person was open to positive interactions if alongside a non-Black friend.


We present intense sub-cycle optical waveforms (0.6 optical cycles) generated via the energy/power/bandwidth scalable approach of parallel parametric waveform synthesis. The generated millijoule-level optical pulses spanning from 650 nm to 2.1 µm in bandwidth and open up new possibilities for the generation of tunable isolated attosecond pulses and attosecond science.


Abstract Aryl nitriles were easily prepared from the corresponding bromides and copper cyanide in good yields through microwave‐accelerated Rosenmund–von Braun reaction in N‐methylpyrrolidinone (NMP) under ambient pressure.


According to an embodiment, a light-emitting device array comprises: a circuit substrate; a plurality of light-emitting devices which are disposed on the circuit substrate; and a resin layer which fills a space between the circuit substrate and the light-emitting devices and has a conductive ball. The light-emitting devices comprise: a light-emitting structure which includes a first conductivity-type semiconductor layer, an active layer on the first conductivity-type semiconductor layer, and a second conductivity-type semiconductor layer on the active layer; a first electrode which is disposed in some regions of the first conductivity-type semiconductor layer; an insulating layer which is disposed on the first electrode and an exposure surface of the light-emitting structure; and a second electrode which is disposed on the second conductivity-type semiconductor layer. Since the light-emitting device array comprises at least one electrode line which connects first electrodes of light-emitting devices of the plurality of light-emitting devices, which are adjacent to each other in a first direction, and electrode line patterns are formed at a wafer level, a bonding process with the circuit substrate can be easily performed and productivity can be improved by reducing a damage to a semiconductor layer.


The genus Cardamine is distributed worldwide and is rich in polyploids. Here we review considerable amount of knowledge accumulated on polyploid species and related diploids during the last twenty years, particularly in the area of Mediterranean and neighbouring regions of Central Europe. The studies addressed taxonomic treatment of the polyploids, their origin and evolution, phylogenetic relationships to diploid and other polyploid relatives, as well as overall morphological, genetic, karyological and ecological patterns. The revealed parentage of polyploids such as C. asarifolia, C. flexuosa and C. × schulzii shows the power of recently developed molecular and cytogenetic approaches that enable us to understand how the polyploid taxa originated, become established and further evolved. It is highlighted that diploid-polyploid species complexes, such as the C. amara and C. pratensis groups, represent true natural laboratories for polyploid studies. Particularly the species complex of C. pratensis that contains numerous diploid lineages and polyploid populations of all levels up to dodecaploids, including aneuploids and dysploids, provides excellent possibility for application of wide spectrum of methodical approaches to understand the processes underlying polyploid evolution. Hybridisation revealed in this genus, occurs both at homoploid and heteroploid levels and mainly in mountain regions, where parapatric and/or ecologically differentiated close relatives come into contacts. These studies documented that interspecific gene flow can result in various patterns, such as continuous variation in hybrid swarms ( C. pratensis  × C. raphanifolia ), established hybrid species of significant evolutionary potential ( C . × schulzii , C . × insueta ), or largely sterile hybrids of first generations only and persistence through vegetative propagation ( C. ×ferrarii, C. × enriquei ). All these cases also show how recent hybridization and introgression add to the complexity of reticulated patterns of evolution in Cardamine in the Mediterranean and adjacent areas.


Health of the nation is defined not so much by the level of medicine development, but by the prevention activities, directed to the organization of healthy lifestyle. In modern social conditions different kinds of sports and health improving activities in the physical education must provide ways of effective healthsaving of students based on the relevant information that will be used to assess the level of potential risk.


A Collection of Stories from a Finalist of the Booker Prize: The Reception of Julian Barnes's Short Fiction in Portugal


Is a system and process to address security vulnerabilities in the computer. Systems and processes, steps constituting normally, a step of collecting the vulnerability vulnerability information about the plurality of computers, comprising the steps of: constructing a plurality of computers fix vulnerabilities database, modifications signature 46 vulnerabilities in the computer When, and comprises the step of deploying the modified signature 46 in the client computer 40. Fixed signature 46 comprises a series of actions to deal with essentially corresponding vulnerability. The handling of the management and automated process, in the system, the selective deployment of modified signature 46, selective resolution of vulnerabilities, planned deployment of modified signature 46, vulnerability, planned scanned client computers 40 it is possible.


In this paper, machine learning (ML) techniques, more specifically artificial neural networks (ANN), are utilized to enhance the efficacy of Cold Finger Technique (CFT). Experiments were conducted by melting the PCM at different values of power input to an electrical heater (mounted at the base of the container and immersed in PCM). Temperature transients were recorded by three thermocouples that were mounted at locations corresponding to liquid-meniscus heights for melt fraction values of 30%, 60% and 85%. The surface temperature transients were measured using thermocouples mounted on the exterior of the container surface that were mounted at locations corresponding to liquid-meniscus heights for melt fraction values of 30%, 60% and 90%. The surface temperature transients afford a cheap, reliable and cost-effective option for predicting the required values in real-time (i.e., the time remaining to attain a desired melt fraction, say 85%, at any particular instant during the melting cycle). These results validated the approach reported by (Chuttar et al. 2022). The average prediction error in the last half hour (before reaching a target melt fraction of 85%) was less than 10 minutes for all but one of the datasets. The Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) was as low as 11% for some of the predicted values of the datasets.


The search for the beginning of creation of a deconfined state of strongly interacting matter produced in nucleus–nucleus collisions (the onset of deconfinement) started 20 years ago [1]. A number of signals have been proposed, for review see Ref. [2], and five of them were observed experimentally at low energies of the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron [3, 4]. Today, the relevant data are rich enough to ask the question: at which collision energy does the mixed phase region start and how far does it extend? A semiquantitative anlysis of the results presented here indicates that the mixed phase energy domain in central Pb+Pb (Au+Au) collisions ranges between ≈ 8 and ≈ 12 GeV center-of-mass energy of as nucleon–nucleon pair. This paper is based on the talk presented at the 54. Cracow School of Theoretical Physics, "QCD Meets Experiment".


Objective To compare the effect of four cardioplegias (Modified St.Thomas' No 1-MST,Tyers,Bretshneider-HTK,Roe solution) on immature myocardium.Methods The changes of hemodynamics,myocardial enzyme in the coronary effluent and myocardial biochemistry of the perfused immature rabbit heart in vitro after two hours ischemia were studied.Results Compared control group,MST and Tyers cardioplegia could markedly improve post-ischemic hemodynamics,reduce myocardial enzyme leakage and keep good preservation of ATP. However,HTK and Roe solution could not provide good myocardial protection as marked by poor post-ischemic hemodynamics and much enzyme leakage.Conclusion MST and Tyers solutions can provide immature heart with satisfactory myocardial protection. However,HTK and Roe cardioplegias cannot afford good myocardial protection on the immature heart.


AbstractA new method for dynamic response spectrum analysis of a structural system with interval uncertainty is developed. This interval finite-element–based method is capable of obtaining the bounds on dynamic response of a structure with interval uncertainty. The present method is performed using a set-theoretic (interval) formulation to quantify the uncertainty present in the structure's parameters, such as material properties and cross-sectional geometry. Independent and/or dependent variations for each element of the structure are considered. At each stage of analysis, the existence of variation is considered as presence of the perturbation in a pseudodeterministic system. Having this consideration, first, a linear interval eigenvalue problem is performed using the concept of monotonic behavior of eigenvalues for symmetric matrices subjected to nonnegative definite perturbations. Then, using the procedures for perturbation of invariant subspaces of matrices, the bounds on directional deviation (incli...


Structure dental prosthesis implant, comprising an interface component (2) with an axial tubular passage gap for the passage of a screw (1); Prosthetic element (5) which is coupled to the interface component (2), tubular with an axial hollow through for passage of the screw (1); and a clamping element (7) for fastening the prosthesis (5) to the interface component (2) with an axial hollow through for passage of the screw (1), and which is inserted into the axial hollow through the interface component (2) and the axial passage gap (6) of the prosthesis (5) to hold these two parts (2, 5), so that the axial holes through-the three parts (2, 5, 7) are aligned to form a passage for the screw (1).


Phase behavior of biodiesel reaction system in which rapeseed oil (RO) was converted into biodiesel by heterogeneous catalyst was investigated experimentally for improving the reaction rate and the efficiency of products recovery. Ternary phase diagrams of methanol, glycerol and methyl ester at various temperatures were determined. The results showed that the distribution coefficients (Km) of methanol between biodiesel and glycerol phases were impacted by volume of glycerol and temperature significantly. It is suggested that the mass transfer limitation in the heterogeneous reaction of RO methanolysis can be broken on a certain extent by increase the ratio of methanol to oil and the temperature simultaneously, while the energy consumption for products recovery can be controlled in a multistage reversed flow process.


This document was produced under U.S. Department of Education, Office of Special Education Programs Grant No. H326J050004. Marlene Simon-Burroughs served as the project officer. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent the positions or polices of the Department of Education. No official endorsement by the U.S. Department of Education of any product, commodity, service or enterprise mentioned in this publication is intended or should be inferred. This product is public domain. Authorization to reproduce it in whole or in part is granted. While permission to reprint this publication is not necessary, the citation should be: National Secondary Transition Technical Assistance Center (2010). Evidence-Based Practices and Predictors in Secondary Transition: What We Know and What We Still Need to Know, Charlotte, NC, NSTTAC. A special thank you to Sharon Richter, James White, Allison Walker, Valerie Mazzotti, and April Mustian for their assistance in conducting the NSTTAC literature reviews.


Reduced-order Kalman filters yield an optimal state estimate for linear dynamical systems, where parts of the output are not corrupted by noise. The design of such filters can either be carried out in the time domain or in the frequency domain. Different from the full-order case where all measurements are noisy, the design equations of the reduced-order filter are not regular. This is due to the rank deficient measurement covariance matrix and it can cause problems when using standard software for the solution of the Riccati equations in the time domain. In the frequency domain the spectral factorization of the non-regular polynomial matrix equation does not cause problems. However, the known proof of optimality of the factorization result also requires a regular measurement covariance matrix. This paper presents regular (reduced-order) design equations for reduced-order Kalman filters in the time and in the frequency domains for linear continuous-time systems. They allow to use standard software for the design of the filter, to formulate the conditions for the stability of the filter and they also prove that the existing frequency domain solutions obtained by spectral factorization of a non-regular polynomial matrix equation are indeed optimal.


The Village Fund Allocation is a fund whose budget is from the state revenue and expenditure budget allocated for villages which are transferred through the district or city-regional revenue and expenditure budget and are used to finance government administration, development implementation, community development, and community empowerment. This type of research is qualitative. This study uses data collection techniques, namely observation, interviews, and documentation. The informants of this study were the Head of Angkue Village, Kajuara District, Secretary of Angkue Village, Kajuara District, BPD Angkue Village, Angkue Village Community who knew a lot about research. The data analysis techniques used are data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. Next, the purpose of this study was to determine the use of village fund allocations in fostering community creativity in Angkue Village. The results show that the use of village fund allocations in fostering community creativity in Angkue Village, Kajuara District has not been realized optimally. Likewise, job training and skills for rural communities according to village conditions have not been realized, this is evidenced by the village government which has not budgeted for job training and skills for rural communities according to village conditions, so the form of activity does not exist.


Minangkabau is one of the places where the people are adhered to matrilineal system (maternal line), from the small circle of life, family life, and the highest level of life which is called "nagari" It can be seen that "maternal line of descent" is the factor which organizes the community although in the nagari there is other adhesive factors. The organized life according to maternal line in daily life is called as the life according to adat. The factor of the shift in the system of joint property inheritance at Kuraitaji, Pariaman Selatan Subdistrict, West Sumatera, brought about some problems of the research as follows: first, how about the scope of joint property in Minangkabau; secondly, how about the implementation of the distribution of joint property at Kuraitaji, Pariaman Selatan Subdsistrict; and thirdly, what factors which caused the shift in the implementation of distributing joint property inheritance at Kuraitaji, Pariaman Selatan Subdistrict, West Sumatera. Keywords :      Shift Factors, Inheritance, Joint Property


Electrical conductance is one of the important parameters in the interpretation of electrical and electromagnetic data. Study of the distribution of conductance parameter in a region helps to understand the subsurface geoelectric structure. Based on the results obtained from shallow electrical resistivity soundings, deep resistivity and magnetotelluric (Mn soundings, geological sections derived from a few deep seismic soundings (DSS) and from shallow and deep boreholes, an attempt has been made here to construct a regional electrical conductance map of India. Since the data is widely distributed more emphasis is given for the data from sedimentary basins. The map thus prepared gives the distribution of conductance values of various geological regions. The regions in Arunachal Pradesh, Assam in northeast, Ganga valley in the north and Cambay in western part show comparatively high conductance values, of the order of 400-1500 Siemens.


Objective To explore effect of strengthening cultivation of soft skills in nursing care in clinical teaching activi-ties.Methods Using fore-and-after antitheses,taking nurse students enrolled in 2005 as control group,nurse students enrolled in 2006 as experimental group,we used various means such as the entrance education,symposia,conduct cultivation,scene sim-ulation to strengthen the cultivation of soft skills in nursing care,and we adopted spot tests in clinical nursing process,cen tralized check,survey of patients' satisfaction and so on to assess the effect.Results The experimental group students were better than the control group students in patients satisfaction and general examination.Conclusion The cultivation of soft skills in nursing care should begin from clinical practice.


We study a massive inflaton minimally coupled to the FRW Universe using the semiclassical gravity derived from canonical quantum gravity. It is found that the semiclassical quantum gravity leads to the power-law expansion $t^{2/3}$ in an oscillatory phase of the inflaton. The particle production of the inflaton in the expanding Universe restricts the duration of stable coherent oscillations and parametric resonance. The semiclassical gravity shows a significant difference that the Hubble constant does not oscillate in contrast with the oscillatory behavior in classical gravity.


The materials of the presented research cover the issues of the spread of cestodes of cats in the Solomyansky district of Kyiv (according to the veterinary clinic Vet Alliance). After analyzing the relevant scientific literature, the epizootic situation of dipilidiosis and mesocestoidosis of cats in the metropolis was analyzed. Studies have shown that more than 50 % of parasitic diseases in cats occur in associated forms, among which the most common are toxocariasis, dipilidiosis, mesocestoidosis, ktenocephalidosis (flea infestation) and otodectosis. The monoform of invasions occurred only in 14.7 % of registered cases. The spread of diplidiosis and mesocestoidosis was characterized by seasonality – the peak of the lesion cats were observed in September-October. The most susceptible to infection Dipylidium caninum and Mesocestoides lineatus were kittens under the age of six months. The clinical condition and hematological parameters of kittens with dipilidiosis were also studied. Depression, anemia of the conjunctiva and mucous membranes of the nose and mouth, indigestion, dry cough were found. All cats had dull fur, and numerous dark brown spots and live fleas were observed on the skin, especially in the lumbar region. These data indicate a violation of erythropoiesis in feline dipilidiosis, which was characterized by erythrocytopenia and leukocytosis. Significant eosinophilia, an increase in the number of rod-shaped, and a decrease in segmental neutrophils were also found compared with clinically healthy animals. The results of biochemical blood tests of sick cats were important to clarify the features of the pathogenesis of dipilidiosis. Changes in blood biochemical parameters were characterized by a probably reduced content of hemoglobin, total protein and albumin. This indicates not only a violation of erythropoiesis, but also a violation of the protein-synthesizing function of the liver, because the pathological process involves various organs and systems of the body.
Key words: feline dipilidiosis, feline mesocestoidosis, prevalence, clinical condition, hematological parameters, pulse rate, mucosal anemia, indigestion.


paratively little is known, however, on the requirements of warm-water fishes for biotin. DUPREEB6) observed with channel chatfish that there was no difference in weight gain or mortality between the two groups, biotin deficient and biotin supplemented. TOMIYAMA et a1.7) reported that the goldfish showed retarded growth and decrease of biotin content in the hepatopancreas by a deficiency of this vitamin in diet. In the previous papers8,9), the requirements of young carp for pyridoxine, riboflavin and pantothenic acid were reported. The present study was carried out to see the role of biotin in carp nutrition. The young carp were reared with the diets containing grading amounts of biotin and were determined growth, mortality, vitamin content in the hepato


Experimental evidence exists that the image contrast of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery of ocean waves can, under certain conditions, be enhanced by defocus sing the SAR processor . Several theories have been advanced recently to explain the focus sensitivity of ocean wave SAR imagery. In ·all these theories it is assumed that the phase or group velocity of the long waves enters into the SAR imaging mechanism of single-look imagery. In this paper we show that also velocity bunching theory yields a focus sensitivity. In this theory, we have no need for recourse to the 'phase velocity hypothesis'. The focus sensitivity of SAR imagery of ocean waves results from an interplay of two motion-induced effects, which are affected by changes in focus setting: velocity bunching and azimuthal resolution. The focussing theory developed in this paper is applied to ocean wave SAR imagery acquired by an airborne L-band SAR during' the TOWARD experiment which was conducted off the coast of California in 1984. Two-dimensional SAR simulations studies carried out with variable focus settings show a reasonably good agreement with observed values.