For six years ITTI Sp. z o. o. – an SME from Poland – has been running projects for European Space Agency in the scope of the Space Situational Awareness programme. They are mostly software development projects in near-Earth objects (NEOs) and satellite surveillance and tracing (SST) activity areas. Within these project various software applications have been developed e.g. calculating tools for astronomers and observers, 3D realistic models visualisations, a data format editor, web portals for data sharing and cooperation, applications for data processing, and web services for access to databases and catalogues. This software covers some of important needs of asteroid and satellites observations. Its elements can be ordered according to the stages of a typical observation cycle. 1 ORIGINS Seven years ago Poland joined European Space Agency and the Polish Industry Incentive Scheme (PLIIS) was signed for 5 years. It offered Poland special conditions for space-related projects and initiatives aiming at supporting of developing Polish space industry. In 2017 the PLIIS was extended until 2019. Thus this year programme terminates. ITTI intensively benefited of the Polish Industry Incentive Scheme and realised many interesting projects also in Space Situational Awareness programme. It is a good moment to summarise undertaken efforts and measurable achievements. 2 Gaia-GOSA Everything began when the Gaia-Groundbased Observational Service for Asteroids (Gaia-GOSA) has been built in 2015 and delivered in 2016. Since then the programme is in continuous operation and provides services not only for NEOs but also for the Main Belt Asteroids. The main goal of Gaia-GOSA is to encourage observers to make photometric observations of asteroids at the same time when they are observed from space by the Gaia spacecraft. Since Gaia makes only a single photometric measurement of a target which transits its field of view, simultaneous photometric observations from the Earth, covering a whole or a substantial part of the asteroid rotation (usually several hours), are of great importance. Gaia-GOSA is an interactive tool which helps observers in planning such observations. It uses the ESA developed transit prediction algorithm to forecast which asteroids will be observed by Gaia in the near future and combines it with the ephemerides of asteroids downloaded from the Minor Planet Center. Until now the service has over 130 active users who made over 450 observations. Figure 1. Gaia-GOSA Internet Service main page Thanks to Gaia-GOSA not only professionals but also the advanced amateur astronomers are able to start collaborating with a real space mission. Proc. 1st NEO and Debris Detection Conference, Darmstadt, Germany, 22-24 January 2019, published by the ESA Space Safety Programme Office Ed. T. Flohrer, R. Jehn, F. Schmitz (http://neo-sst-conference.sdo.esoc.esa.int, January 2019) Leave footer empty – The Conference footer will be added to the first page of each paper. 3 Feasibility Study to setup a Polish Component to SSA This project started in 2016 aimed at create a roadmap of the future Polish component to SSA in Poland. It was the only non-development project devoted to SSA at ITTI. One of the product of the project presents the results of activities performed in the first stage of Feasibility Study for SSA in Poland which was to gather information on the existing infrastructure and capacity inventory of Poland within the three areas of the ESA Space Situational Awareness (SSA) Programme. Project shows also the high-level requirements and identifies services of the segment as a baseline for SST system design and its further development in Poland. Finally deliverables discusses briefly the existing PL SST infrastructure, namely sensors and software. The most important part is the proposal of the Polish SST structure, development plan and upgrade requirements. This document provides also information about the needs for new sensors for Polish SST. The final part of the document presents the PL SST system architecture, possible administrative solutions, a proposal for National Operation Centre (NOC), sensor and other components. The authors' recommendations were also included in this deliverable. To summarize, the purpose of the project was to discuss the plan for enhancement and exploitation of the existing Polish SSA elements and national activities on research and R&D that could be used as SSA infrastructure. These included space debris and satellite optical observation of objects laser ranging measurements, and radar sensors used for low Earth orbit (LEO) space debris surveillance and tracking. Furthermore, the needs in terms of new sensors for SSA activities taking into account innovative approaches were also presented. The concept of the SSA activities in Poland was developed in accordance with several aspects: existing and proposed SST infrastructure, civilian, governmental and industrial requirements, the decision No 541/2014/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 April 2014 establishing the Framework for Space Surveillance and Tracking Support. The plan was also based on the information and data from all civilian institutions involved in the Polish SSA system. 4 P2-NEO-VI User support Tools A milestone was a project P2-NEO-VI User support tools started in 2015. It was an open call project realised according to the specification of work prepared by ESA. The final product delivered in 2017 consisted of seven different tools allowing for NEO observation planning, visualisation and learning: Observation Planning Tool, Sky Coverage Reporting Tool, Sky Chart Displaying Tool, Sky Calculator, Orbit 3D Visualiser, Earth and Mars Flyby Visualiser, NEO Educational Tool. In the following subchapters the above-mentioned tools are described. 4.1 Observation Planning Tool Observation Planning Tool assists users with NEO observation planning process. It helps to select target objects from the following catalogues: NeoDyS-2, ESA Primary List and MPC Confirmation Page. Figure 2. Observation Planning Tool Once the user set the observation time window, the candidate objects may be filtered by their geocentric (e.g. magnitude, Sun and Moon elongation, Galactic latitude, sky movement, density of stars in a FOV) and topocentric visibility conditions (e.g. object altitude, Sun altitude, moon glow). The tool produces a forecast plots of their long-term and short-term visibility and the ephemerides tables. On the short-term plot the tool provides a link to previous observation of each object. 4.2 Sky Coverage Reporting Tool In a semi-automatic process, Sky Coverage Reporting Tool provides information about the observational sky coverage basing on the information contained in the FITs headers to the Minor Planet Center. The tool consist of standalone downloadable analytical program extracting information from FITs headers and window for uploading the extracted information to the NEODECS server. A user can add further metadata and send the report. The uploaded report is available at MPC Sky Coverage Diagram.


The article defines the term «stable verbal-nominal collocations», provides criteria for identifying stable combinations, briefly describes the history of the formation of the official style and characterizes the charter as an official text. The work presents the results of the analysis of the features of using verbal-nominal collocations with the components uchinyat' / uchinit', chinit', delat' / sdelat', sovershat' / sovershit', tvorit', okazyvat' / okazat' in the texts of Old Russian charters collected in the Russian National Corpus. It has been established that the most frequent verbs in the texts of charters are the verbs uchinyat' / uchinit', chinit', delat' / sdelat' , which form stable collocations. It has been found that combinations with these verbs were used in the situation of describing the proceedings of a case and making a decision; in the case of causing any harm, committing various violent acts; to fix various speech actions; in the case of establishing the border of a certain territory / delineation of neighboring lands; in the situation of assistance and the conclusion of a truce, as well as in a situation of job description, labor. It has been determined that most of the analyzed stable combinations are not used in modern Russian.


.......................................................................................................................................... ii General Audience Abstract ............................................................................................................ iii Dedication ...................................................................................................................................... iv Acknowledgements ......................................................................................................................... v Chapter 1: Introduction ................................................................................................................... 1 Background and Significance ............................................................................................. 2 Growth of International Students ............................................................................ 2 Global LGBQ Issues ............................................................................................... 3 Disclosing Sexual Orientation ................................................................................ 5 Statement of the Problem .................................................................................................... 6 Purpose and Research Questions ........................................................................................ 6 Scope of the Study .............................................................................................................. 7 Definition of Terms............................................................................................................. 8 Chapter 2: Literature Review ........................................................................................................ 11 International Students in the United States ....................................................................... 11 Psychosocial Health of International Students ................................................................. 13 Financial and Academic Pressures........................................................................ 14 Systems of Support ............................................................................................... 16 Language and Culture ....................................................................................................... 20 Acculturation and Culture Shock .......................................................................... 21 Racism and Discrimination ................................................................................... 24 Gaps in the Literature........................................................................................................ 25 COMING IN AND COMING OUT x Cultural Identity Models ................................................................................................... 26 Sexual Identity Models ..................................................................................................... 27 Multidimensional Identity Models .................................................................................... 31 Systematic Review on LGBQ International Students ....................................................... 34 Inclusion Criteria .................................................................................................. 35 Literature Search Strategy..................................................................................... 35 Data Extraction ..................................................................................................... 37 Data Synthesis ....................................................................................................... 37 Theoretical Frameworks ................................................................................................... 41 Social Constructivism ........................................................................................... 41 Narrative Family Therapy ..................................................................................... 42 Intersectionality..................................................................................................... 44 Chapter 3: Methodology ............................................................................................................... 46 Study Design ..................................................................................................................... 46 Research Paradigm............................................................................................................ 48 Researcher as Instrument .................................................................................................. 49 Sampling and Recruitment ................................................................................................ 50 Data Collection ................................................................................................................. 51 Demographic Survey ............................................................................................ 52 First Interview ....................................................................................................... 52 First Journal .......................................................................................................... 53 Second Interview .................................................................................................. 53 Second Journal or Forum ...................................................................................... 54 COMING IN AND COMING OUT xi Data Transcription and Storage ........................................................................................ 54 Data Analysis .................................................................................................................... 55 Narrative Thematic Analysis ................................................................................ 55 Narrative Structural Analysis ................................................................................ 57 Narrative Dialogic Analysis .................................................................................. 58 Coding Process.................................................................................................................. 60 Constructing Narrative Accounts .......................................................................... 61 Moving from Story to Story .................................................................................. 61 Shared Narrative Meaning .................................................................................... 62 Rigor and Trustworthiness ................................................................................................ 62 Triangulation ......................................................................................................... 63 Researcher's Training ........................................................................................... 63 Community Informants. ........................................................................................ 64 Prolonged Engagement ......................................................................................... 64 Reflexivity............................................................................................................. 64 Audit Trail and Memos ......................................................................................... 65 Narrative Coherence ............................................................................................. 65 Sampling and Thick Description .......................................................................... 66 Quality of the Study's Significance ...................................................................... 66 Rationale for Methodology ............................................................................................... 67 Limitations of Methodology ............................................................................................. 67 Ethical Considerations ...................................................................................................... 68 Ethical Decision-Making Guide ....................................................................................... 69 COMING IN AND COMING OUT xii Chapter 4: Findings ....................................................................................................................... 71 Participant Demographics ................................................................................................. 71 Narrative Accounts and Selected Subthemes ................................................................... 76 Auxy's Story ......................................................................................................... 77 Yu Chen's Story .................................................................................................... 81 Ling's Story .......................................................................................................... 85 Huang's Story ....................................................................................................... 89 Jean Paul's Story ................................................................................................... 95 Benjamin's Story ................................................................................................ 101 Darla's Story ....................................................................................................... 105 Victor's Story ...................................................................................................... 110 Zang's Story ........................................................................................................ 114 Aditya's Story .....................................................................................................


Students'
ability varies, learning habits, personality characteristics and learning
methods are also different in education and teaching, which leads to the
traditional teaching methods are difficult to adjust. And it is difficult to
teach students in accordance with their aptitude, students' learning is also
lack of individuality and pertinence. And three themes of the contemporary
education development are internationalization, informationization,
personalized, in order to adapt to the trend of the Times, improve the
efficiency of learning, let the students learn
flexibly, promote their individual and comprehensive development. Based on the
VAK learning style theory, this study designed Scratch learning resources to
highlight personalization, so as to enable students to learn meaningfully and
promote their personalized development.


Recent data suggest that alcohol‐related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is diagnosed at a later stage. The aim of this study was to compare HCC characteristics and outcomes in an alcohol‐related group (group A) and a non–alcohol‐related group (group NA).


which is greater than 0.5 even if there are only 23 people in the room. Probability instructors are fond of demonstrating this fact in class by asking the students to announce their birthdays until a match is discovered. The authors are courageous enough to try the demonstration in classes with 30 or more students so that the probability of a match is at least 0.706. Recently, however, we got worried. The probabilities given above are based on the assumption that a randomly chosen individual is just as likely to have a birthday on, say, October 1 as on January 10. In other words, the assumption is that


Law firms that think a new logo or glossy brochures will bring in a flood of new clients are bound to be disappointed.


"We were saddened to hear of the devastating floods and the landslides that struck large parts of Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina in the last few days. Our thoughts are with those who have been affected by this natural disaster and those who have yet to be brought to safety. In response to the situation, the European Union and its Member States began providing immediate emergency assistance in support of the local authorities in both countries. At these difficult moments, the people of Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina can rely on the solidarity and continued help from their friends and partners in the European Union."


Results are reported from a study of white males and females aged 17-18 from different socioeconomic groups with married or divorced parents (n = 306). Teenagers from divorced backgrounds were less likely to say that they want to marry compared with teenagers from intact families. However, other indicators reveal that they may in fact marry early as they are more affected by variables associated with early marriage: leaving school; leaving home; and forming serious boyfriend/girlfriend relationships. Daughters of divorce were most affected by these pro-marriage influences. Distinctions are drawn between different groups of children of divorce and between marital attitudes and behaviour. It is suggested that the adolescent's own experience of intimate relationships and cohabitation can overcome negative attitudes to marriage arising from parental divorce.


. Graphs of soil pH against time were plotted for the Park Grass Experiment at Rothamsted Experimental Station, begun in 1856, and the Long-term Liming Experiments at Rothamsted and Woburn farms, begun in 1962. These showed that the magnitude and duration of the effect of lime applications varied with soil type, initial pH, fertilizer nitrogen application, and the crop grown. Simple equations for each situation were linked to form an empirical model which, with appropriate input data for soil type, crop, and initial and target pH, predicted the lime needed to reach that pH. Model predictions compared well with estimates from a Woodruff-type buffer method. The model forms a sound basis for a more comprehensive lime requirement model covering the whole of the United Kingdom.


This paper presents a 112-Gb/s single-ended (SE) PAM-4 transceiver front-end for the reach-extension module in a 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS technology. The transmitter front-end is based on a differential-to-SE driver where the negative capacitance scheme is introduced to extend its bandwidth. The receiver front-end features a low-mismatch SE-to-differential (S2D) amplifier and an inductor-reuse continuous-time linear equalizer (CTLE). In the S2D, both the asymmetric reused inductor and capacitance compensation techniques are implemented to eliminate the mismatch at the pseudo-differential outputs. In the CTLE, both the inductor reuse and boosted current reuse techniques are adopted to save area, and further boost the maximum peaking frequency and equalization range. Our SE link demonstrates the highest 112-Gb/s PAM-4 data rate at a 20-dB channel loss with an energy efficiency of 1.81 pJ/bit.


The rates of initiation of neopentane pyrolysis over the temperature range 756–845 K have been measured at reactant pressures in the range 100–200 Torr, by processing of data relating to the formation of the termination product, ethane, using an exact algebraic procedure. Thus, the data are free of the ambiguities introduced by the empirical extrapolation procedures used in previous direct determinations of the initial rates and the derived Arrhenius parameters of neo–C5H12→ CH3+ t–C4H9. (1) The result obtained is log (k1/s–1)= 16.1 ± 1.0 –(330 ± 15 kJ mol–1)/2.303 RT. Values of k1 are in agreement with previously measured values but the Arrhenius parameters are inconsistent with the presently accepted thermochemistry of reaction (1). A modified thermochemistry for the t-butyl radical is proposed leaving the heat capacity unchanged but using the new values for 298 K, ΔHf/kJ mol–1= 39, S(1 mol cm–3)/J mol–1 K–1= 210.8. These, and the presently derived k1 values allow the calculation for 800 K of log (k–1/cm3 mol–1S–1)= 12.9 with essentially zero activation energy and hence, via the geometric mean rule, lead to log (k9/cm3 mol–1 s–1)= 11.9 for the mutual recombination reaction, 2t–C4H9→ 2,2,3,3-tetramethylbutane. (9)The new thermochemistry suggested for t-butyl reconciles most thermochemically calculated values of k9 with directly measured values over a wide temperature range. However, further experimental and theoretical justification is necessary before the new thermochemistry can be unequivocally accepted.Concurrently evaluated with k1 is the result log (k3k6/k5/cm3 mol–1 s–1)= 13.2 ± 1.5 –(127 ± 12 kJ mol–1)/2.303 RT CH3+ neo–C5H12→ CH4+ C5H11(3), CH3+ i–C4H8→ CH4+ C4H7(6), 2CH3→ C2H6(5) which is shown to be in excellent agreement with that calculated from the independent results of other workers.


There are a number of local, state and federal incentives currently available to promote the use of electric vehicles. The hybrid electric vehicle has emerged as the best solution in today's automotive world of limited power plant performance. The buried magnet brushless DC motor provides an excellent performance platform for an HEV electric traction drive. This paper will describe general performance tradeoffs of this motor type and the early test results in a Honda CRX automobile.


In this study, a gain scheduling output feedback controller is presented to solve the stabilization and tracking problems for the airbreathing hypersonic vehicle with the actuator saturation nonlinearity under consideration. In order to utilize this method, linearized motion equations of the hypersonic vehicle at the trimmed condition are first obtained by disturbing the system with small increments. Simulations show that the controller is able to stabilize the hypersonic vehicle system and track the reference signals around the nominal cruising flight effectively.


Mental health problems are common in prison populations. Less is known about how mental health problems develop during imprisonment. The objective was to examine the longitudinal course of mental health symptoms during imprisonment and individual factors associated with the development of these symptoms.


This paper presents a microsystem for single-cell c haracterization by aspirating cells continuously th rough a constriction channel while cell impedance profiles and images ar e measured to quantify transit time, the impedance amplitude ratio, and cell elongation simultaneously. The system demonstr ated that osteoblasts, compared with osteocytes, ha ve a larger cell elongation length, longer transit time, and a higher am plitude ratio. The system also classified EMT6 and EMT6/AR1.0 cells with success rates of 51.3% (cell elongation), 57.5% (tr ansit time), 59.6% (amplitude ratio), and 70.2% (bo th) using neural network, further verifying the device's capability for performing both electrical and mechanical measurements on single cells.


Surface treatment of a glass surface for improving hydrophobicity using the non-thermal plasma generated by a multineedle to-plane electrode arrangement dielectric barrier discharge(DBD)at atmospheric pressure is conducted,and the surface properties of the glass before and after the DBD treatment are studied using contact angle measurement,surface resistance mea-surement and wet flashover voltage tests.The effects of the applied voltage and time duration of these two discharges on the surface modification are studied,and the optimal conditions for the treatment are obtained.It is found that a layer of hydrophobic coating is formed on the glass surface after spraying a thin layer of silicone oil and undergoing the DBD treatment,and the improvement of hydrophobicity depends on DBD voltage and treatment time.It seems that there exists an optimum plasma dose for the surface treatment.It is concluded that-CH 3 and large molecule radicals can react with the radicals in the glass surface to replace-OH,and the hy-drophobicity of the glass surface is improved accordingly.


Astrocytes play crucial roles in the organization, function and maintenance of neurons and neuronal circuits. Apart from reports on reactive gliosis after auditory/vestibular injuries, few authors have focused their attention on the astroglial cytoarchytecture of the cochlear nuclei (CN). In this qualitative immunohistochemical study, we analyse the distribution of the astrocytic markers glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), glutamine synthetase (GS), and S-100 protein (S-100) in the adult CN of twelve young adult male rats.


The present study was undertaken to explore the relationship between creativity and personality factor. The Bager Mehdi Verbal test of creative thinking was administered on 200 students (Age 12–16) and 25% high creative and 25% low creative subjects were selected on the basis of creativity score. Then M. Mehrotra's Hindi version of IPAT's Jr. Sr. HSPQ was applied on north the high creative and low creative subjects to assess their personality characteristics. The test was applied for ascertaining the significance of difference between high and low creative subjects on all the 14 factors of HSPQ. The results resealed significant difference between the high creative and low creative subjects on the 14 factors of HSPQ. More specifically, the high creative subjects were found to have scored higher on personality factors B.C.E.G. J.Q and Q and lower on A.D.I.O. and Q. From the results, it was concluded that creativity as a function of personality.


Indonesia is a tropical country that has various starch sources derived from tubers. Edible straws from tuber starch can be an alternative solution to overcome the problem of straw degradation and product development from tubers. Edible straws can also increase the community's economic value. The research purpose was to determine the effect of tuber starch types (ganyong, garut, kimpul) and fish gelatine concentration on the characteristics of edible straw. This research used a Completely Randomized-Factorial Design method. Treatment variations of two factors were the types of tuber starch (U) (ganyong starch, garut starch, kimpul starch) with each concentration of 4% (w/v) and fish gelatine concentration (G) of 1, 3, and 5% (w/v). The best treatment was obtained in the formulation of 4% garut tuber starch with 5% fish gelatin concentration, the average water content of 11.02%, water resistance


Tuberculosis is still one of the major health problems affecting all peoples of the civilized world. It remains the leading cause of death in our most useful and productive age groups. It is a disease which, in mild or severe form, affects at least half of the human race. Tuberculosis is responsible for fully one-seventh of all deaths, and kills about one-third, of those who perish between the ages of 15 and 45. It is so ruthless that it causes twice as many deaths as automobile accidents, commonly thought to be the greatest "killer." Tuberculosis is most insidious in its onset and often relentless in its course. However, it is a disease which may be largely prevented if we merely cease our indifference, our inactivity, and our unholy procrastination. It is true that some few have worked so diligently as to reduce the mortality rate from 200 annual deaths per 100,000 population in 1900, to the present rate of less than 60 deaths per 100,000 population, an average applicable to the general whole age group. Encouraging as this may seem, we have not yet reached our goal of bringing the disease under control, for the morbidity and mortality rates are still first in the economic and productive age groups. To enumerate all the weapons which must be employed in the control of this disease is beyond the scope of this paper, our desire is rather to bring to attention the pertinent facts concerning control and eradication. The foremost factor of this problem appears to be the simple matter of diagnosis—early diagnosis—followed by prompt and adequate treatment. Proof of this statement is attested by the fact that ninety per cent of the early cases recover and return to their former economic status when diagnosis and treatment are not delayed. To overcome tuberculosis we must find the patient in a curable stage. The question of early diagnosis and treatment is often made complex by both the patient and the attend-


In this paper, we propose a novel scheme coined opportunistic space-time coding (OSTC) to deal with the outdated channel state information (CSI) problem for opportunistic relay selection (ORS) systems. A pair of relays, instead of a single relay, is opportunistically selected in terms of the instantaneous CSIs. Alamouti scheme, a unique space-time code achieving both full-rate and full-diversity, is applied to encode the regenerated signals at this pair of relays. To evaluate the performance, a closed-form expression of outage probability is derived for OSTC. The analytical and simulated results reveal that a full diversity on the number of cooperating relays is achieved by OSTC when using perfect CSI. In the fast-fading channels, where the outdated CSI drastically degrades the performance of ORS and reduces its diversity order to 1 (i.e., no diversity), a cooperative diversity with an order of 2 can still be achieved by the proposed scheme. Most importantly, this performance gain comes without any sacrifice in the spectral efficiency, which is the drawback of Generalized Selection Combining schemes.


The Christian canon contains many types of written materials, including poetry, letters, laws, apocalyptic, and narratives. Only in the last half-century, however, have biblical narratives begun to receive the stature they deserve. Previously, for more than a hundred years under the commanding influence of the historical-critical method, biblical narratives were generally regarded as the conflation of numerous fragmentary primitive sources, redacted "carelessly" or "sloppily" by later editors. Modern Western writing techniques were the standard for judging the ancient books. These extrabiblical criteria are presently conceded as inadequate.1 A field of study has emerged in theology as sensitivity to biblical writing idioms and appreciation for the impressive narrative skills of the biblical writers has increased. Meir Sternberg pinpoints important issues of interpretation, such as being aware of what the biblical narrator wants to accomplish, and under what conditions he or she operates. Therefore,


This paper presents a summary of the current state of research in the field of cooperative mobile robots as it relates to robot stair climbing. The focus of this paper is to propose, based on current research, a system of cooperative robots that can work together to collectively traverse a staircase. The emphasis on this new system of robots will be placed on the behavior and communications which will reduce the demands on the physical complexity of the robot units. The behavioral architecture for the robots is presented and the current status of the project is summarized.


Mobile ad hoc networks, an instantaneous, easily deployable, infrastructure less network paves way for many applications in this ever widening communication world. The important aspect lies in securing Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) due to its decentralized architecture, dynamic topology and the mobility of the nodes. Many secure routing protocols has been evolving continuously in all these years but, still a perfect security protocol has not been achieved. Authenticated Routing for Ad hoc Networks (ARAN), an efficient secure routing protocol satisfies major security parameters such as message integrity, authentication, confidentiality and non- repudiation, but failed to differentiate the legitimate nodes from malicious nodes and selfish nodes. Reputed ARAN (RARAN) was latter proposed to perceive the selfish nodes and the protocol was efficient. This work ERAF focuses on detecting the selfish node with greater accuracy. In RARAN, the probability of detection of selfish nodes was less accurate. The protocol, which I have proposed - ERAF – Extensive Reputed ARAN using fuzzy logic, aims in achieving greater accuracy for detecting selfish nodes by integrating the fuzzy logic with the existing secure RARAN. The work aims at measuring the battery power gradually from minimum threshold to maximum threshold, a critical region of packet drop by selfish nodes. It also increases the efficiency of MANET. The overhead experienced in RARAN also is reduced by this protocol. Moreover decreasing signal strength contributes to dropping of packets which cannot be differentiated from selfish nodes. Using fuzzy logic the signal strength can be accurately predicted and when it falls below the threshold level, alternate route is chosen. Based on the two major parameters considered in this work, battery power and signal strength selfish nodes are detected accurately using the fuzzy logic at the earliest and isolated from the network.


In this work, a novel electronic lock that can encode and decode optical signals modulated using Morse code conventions, was developed to build a smart home security system based on Internet of Things (IoT). There are three topics of interest in this research: 1. optical Morse code encoder, 2. optical Morse code decoder, 3. cloud monitoring system. We take the advantage of the light-emitting components as the encoder, which are readily available in hand-held mobile devices (e.g. Smart phones), and photoresistors and a microcontroller as the decoder. By Wi-Fi transferring, even without a personal computer, real-time information about this lock can be uploaded to the cloud service platform, and helps users to ensure home safety on the remote monitoring system. From our experimental results, it has been demonstrated that our novel optical Morse code-based electronic lock is highly resistant to different illumination conditions in the work environment, all functions work well, including coding, emitting, receiving, decoding, uploading and cloud monitoring. However, it is worth noting that besides convenience and cost reduction due to unifying a smart phone and traditional key, as a consumer electronics our proposed system having a user-friendly operation interface, and is therefore suitable for users of all ages.


To compare solifenacin succinate (5 and 10 mg once‐daily) to placebo and propiverine hydrochloride (20 mg once‐daily), respectively, in Japanese patients with overactive bladder syndrome (OAB).


ExoMars is a European led exploration mission to Mars including a rover that is planned for launch near 2013. EDRES (Environnement de Développement pour la Robotique d'Exploration Spatiale ) is the result of thirteen years of software development for autonomous rovers at CNES. It consists of a collection of algorithms, applications and tools covering the majority of the functions required for autonomous movement generation and execution for exploration rovers. EDRES has been built to serve as a workshop for the creation of new algorithms, tools or applications. Related to the early developments in the navigation OBSW, TCPsi under contract from Astrium UK and in cooperation with ESA, CNES and the University of Alcalá has undertaken a project that focuses on the assessment of the flight suitability of heritage code developed by CNES, encompassing its ability to run on the flight processor, its performance and its flight-worthiness in terms of issues such as compliance with flight software standards. This involved porting developed SW from a PC and Linux environment to a more flight representative processor, a LEON2Pender board with RTEMS. EDRES addresses in a very comprehensive way the need to simulate, design and evaluate complex designs related to rover design and software development. It contains a rich set of resources useful for the software development of any given rover. The ExoMars navigation flight software will meet ESA mission requirements and as such will be subject to strict development methods and standards. Typically, the software development process for OBSW starts with no code, an engineering design and a software requirements set then iterates with testing until a flight software is available and validated. In this case, in the B1 phase and before a mature SW design has been elaborated, an evaluation navigation OBSW was produced. This task facilitated the assessment of previously developed code modules and algorithms based on (but not limited to) EDRES. The OBSW navigation program was ported to a candidate flight representative processor. An evaluation of the performance of the navigation SW running on the flight representative processor was done. This paper details the experiences and lessons learnt during the porting process and the subsequent study to analyse the performance of the navigation SW within the scope of the early phases of the ExoMars rover project.


The present invention relates to an optical active portion having an upper surface, the upper surface of the upper collecting structure and the photoactive moiety on the top surface includes opposite side conductive substrate layer on the opposite side, a plurality of photovoltaic cells at least including, based upon the improved photovoltaic cell assembly. Also, having a first surface, also includes a first conductive element that is bent at least once, said first surface is an upper collecting structure and / or the top surface and adjacent the first photovoltaic cell is in contact with the opposite conductive substrate layer of the second photovoltaic cell further comprises at least a portion of the first surface is maintained in contact with the cell by an adhesive.


In 2014 the United Nations Framework Convention on
Climate Change (UNFCCC) Subsidiary Body for Scientific
and Technological Advice (SBSTA), as part of its
mandate to consider issues related to agriculture, decided
to invite submissions from parties and observers,
covering four topics, in 2015 and 2016. Of the two topics
for consideration in 2016, one relates to 'identification and
assessment of agricultural practices and technologies to
enhance productivity in a sustainable manner, food
security and resilience, considering the differences in
agro-ecological zones and farming systems, such as
different grassland and
cropland practices and
systems'.
In this info note we provide
a brief overview of key
practices and technologies.
A twinned info note
considers higher-level
measures of adaptation in
agriculture, such as policies
and institutions.


This study compares Arabic L1, L2, and heritage speakers' (HS) knowledge of plural formation, which involves concatenative and nonconcatenative modes of derivation. Ninety participants (divided equally among L1, L2, and heritage speakers) completed two oral tasks: a picture naming task (to measure proficiency) and a plural formation task. The findings indicate that both L2 learners and heritage speakers have consistent problems with nonconcatenative plural morphology (particularly plurals with geminated and defective roots). However, the difficulties that heritage speakers displayed were mainly restricted to forms that are acquired late by L1 children, unlike L2 learners who displayed a sharp performance dichotomy between concatenative and nonconcatenative plurals. Furthermore, with regard to the default strategy, heritage speakers resorted to the language-specific default form, namely the sound feminine, whereas L2 learners opted for the sound masculine, which is likely a case of adhering to a universal tendency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]


The unambiguous interpretation of the propositional and illocutionary act is of extreme importance in understanding linguistic coordination of business activities. In the interpretation of actual realizations of business conversations it can not always be determined unambiguously what kind of communication act the speaker is making. In this paper we focus on the interpretation of utterances in business communication. We propose two techniques to trace the structure of business conversations: Functional Grammar and the Transaction Process Model. The analysis is illustrated with a recorded conversation taken from a larger case study in a Dutch hotel.


Lysergic acid is a substance which we have shown to be formed on hydrolysis of all of the known ergot alkaloids and must therefore occur as such or in the form of an isomer in each of these substances. From our degradation studies' it has also been possible to arrive at a probable structure for lysergic acid, as given in the accompanying formula, and which appears to explain all of the known properties and reactions of this substance. Most of these have already been discussed, except in connection with a special type of transformation which these alkaloids undergo and which remains to be explained-namely, the isomerization of ergotamine to ergotaminine and the change of ergotoxine (probably a similar isomerization in spite of the recorded analytical difference of 1 mole of H20)2 into ergotinine and of ergometrine into ergometrinine. From our present knowledge it appears certain that the center of such isomerization lies in the lysergic acid molecule and not in the other cleavage products of these alkaloids. Thus, Smith and Timmis have recently described3 the isomer of ergometrine,


The invention discloses an optical photosensitive coating. The optical photosensitive coating comprises the following components in parts by weight: 12 to 36 parts of epoxy resin, 20 to 30 parts of graphite pebbles, 16 to 18 parts of vanadium trioxide, 10 to 20 parts of azo-dicarbonamide, 4 to 12 parts of benzoyl peroxide, 12 to 24 parts of isopropyl alcohol, 12 to 18 parts of dibutyl phthalate, 10 to 20 parts of triphenyl phosphate, 4 to 8 parts of isopropyl acrylate, 8 to 12 parts of butyl acetate, and 4 to 12 parts of ethylene glycol. The optical photosensitive coating provided by the invention has the advantages that the preparation is simple; the adopted raw materials are non-toxic, so that the coating is good in use effect and environment-friendly; the coating can be photo-cured, so as to achieve high optical transparency, as well as good anti-ultraviolet and wear-resistant performance.


The title of the first chapter of Tony Campolo's book Wake Up America! asks a question befitting a prophet like Hosea: "How did we get so good at being so bad?" One need not overemphasize Calvinistic total depravity to see that conditions in this world are not what they could be. The question usually springs from a people and a time in which it is clear that greater things and a more godly society are possible. Gerhard von Rad writes that Hosea's prophetic words are the first describing Israel's infidelity to Yahweh as "harlotry." The answer then to the question, "How did we get so good at being so bad?" is fairly simple: a willful wandering from God which calls for a corresponding willful return on the part of both the leaders and the people. For this to take place will require several understandings and actions from the people. They will have to accept both the prophetic good news and bad news. They must take actions which improve receptivity to God and each other. And they must also allow God to bless them as intended in the process of creation.


Experiments were conducted to determine any differences in taste, preference and tenderness of frying chicken cut-up on the patented machine and by hand using a knife, a hand-operated power knife or a band saw. All chickens were cut using a standardized nine-piece procedure. A trained sensory panel, using a triangle test in each of three tests, differentiated between the two treatments (P < 0.05). In two of the tests the preference for the patented machine cut fried chicken was highly significant (P < 0.01) and in the third test the preference was significant (P < 0.05). Tenderness of battered, breaded, fried breast muscles of chickens from the two treatment groups was determined using a Kramer shear cell on an Instron Universal Testing machine. Differences were found (P < 0.01) in both maximum shear force and modulus of elasticity. The patented machine-cut chicken required a maximum shear force of about 15% less than the hand-cut chicken.


. We show that the base complex manifold of an effectively parametrized family of compact polarized Ricci-flat K¨ahler orbifolds, and in particular manifolds, admits a smooth augmented Weil-Petersson metric whose holomorphic sectional curvature is bounded above by a negative constant. As a consequence, we conclude that such base manifold is Kobayashi hyperbolic.


This study aimed to test whether capital structure consisting of Debt Ratio (DR) , Debt Equity Ratio (DER) and Financial Performance comprised of Earning Per Share (EPS) , Return on Equity (ROE) affect the Stock Price . The population in this study is a manufacturing company that listed its shares on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) in 2006-2010 . The sampling technique used in this study is the purposive sampling in which the sample was selected on the basis of certain considerations or criteria and the number of samples obtained in the study was 16 Textile and Garment companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI). The results showed that : (1) Debt Ratio (DR) significantly affects stock price (HS) , (2 ) Debt Equity Ratio (DER) significantly affects Stock Price (HS) , (3) Earning Per Share (EPS) significantly affects Stock Price (HS) , (4) Return on Equity (ROE) significantly affects Stock Price (HS) , (5) Capital Structure and Financial Performance berengaruh simultaneously significantly on Stock Price (HS) Keywords : capital structure ratios and financial performance , multiple linear regression analysis and the positive influence, stock price


In this paper,the authors introduce the q-deformed Heisenberg-Virasoro algebra Hvirq,and prove that it is a quasi-hom Lie algebra.In the following,the authors construct its nontrivial quantum group structure,which is a noncommutative and cocommutative Hopf algebra.


Introduction: Anemia is a common problem in childhood; especially children aged 6months to 59 months old. In Bangladesh overall, 68 % of children aged 6-59 months are anemic. Anemia impairs normal development, decreases physical exercise tolerance & intellectual performance in children which may lead to a slowdown of growth in children. It constitutes a major public health problem in young children in the developing world with wide social & economic implications. Aim of the Study: The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors of anaemia in children of 6 months to 59 months. Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study and was conducted in the Department of Neonatology of Bangladesh Shishu Hospital & Institute, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from November, 2020 to February, 2021. Result: In total 50 patients completed the study. In our study we found majority were male 28(56%) and female 22 (44%) and 6-24 months of age were 52% (26), 24-36 months of age were 26% (13), 36-59 months of age were 22% (11). accordingly, the mean hemoglobin level was about 11.48 (±1.53) g/dL which ranged from 5.5 g/dL to 14.5 g/dL,(37.3%), were anemic and only 1 (5%) of them were found to be severely anemic, whereas male 28.5 % and female 26.3% were moderately anemic and (29%) were mildly anemic. most of the respondents given colostrum 38 (76%), exclusive breastfeeding were 38%, mixed feeding at 52% respectively, low birth weight or premature birth 31 (62%), prolonged breastfeeding were 24%,early weaning at 36% and socioeconomic status were 16% respectively. Conclusion: A large proportion of hospitalized children under five years of age were found anaemic, among them iron deficiency anaemia was most common. The study result emphasizes the importance of identifying the risk factors of anaemia in this age group. Raising awareness of the problem and providing health and nutrition education will be the key interventions to prevent and control this huge public ........


Formation of research of students and their further personal development by incorporating specially-designed training research requires a systematic approach is described in the article as well as the design of structures of such methodical system development research potential in students.


During the nineteenth century and up to 1917, Russian chemists produced a significant number of "cuttingedge" advances in all branches of chemistry. Indeed, one could plausibly argue that–considering the size of the chemical community–Russian chemists were among the most productive chemists at that time. Some of these advances in chemical theory and practice produced by Russian chemists were quickly acknowledged by the international community of chemists, while others were not. In still other cases, the Russian chemists themselves did not follow up their discoveries with additional investigations. Many different factors–such as being on the scientific periphery–influenced these decisions and the reception of these discoveries. In this paper, I will examine the scientific and cultural contexts of one of the earliest and most important discoveries by a Russian chemist during the nineteenth century: Nikolai Zinin's reduction of nitrobenzene to produce aniline in 1842. This work done by Zinin is particularly interesting because it later became the key step in the synthesis of many coal tar dyes and was the basis for the explosion of the German chemical industry during the second half of the nineteenth century. Zinin was well positioned to take the lead in the development of coal tar dyes. He was trained in Liebig's laboratory and closely allied himself with Liebig's vision of chemistry. His research interests centered on reactions of various aromatic compounds, which became important building blocks in the production of synthetic dyes. Yet Zinin did not follow up his initial discovery of 1842 with additional investigations of this reaction and he seemed oblivious to the rapid development of the synthetic dye industry during the late 1850s and


The theoretical analysis and applicability of the commonly used life distribution model and the commonly used temperature and humidity acceleration model are discussed. The data processing and modeling methods of the temperature and humidity acceleration test of pyrotechnic products are studied, and different models and distributions of the pyrotechnic device are obtained. The acceleration factor is compared. The results show that the Peck model and Lawson model are used as temperature and humidity acceleration models, although they represent different failure mechanisms, but the acceleration coefficient and life extrapolation results are consistent. The acceleration coefficient and life calculation modules formed at the same time can provide a means for rapid calculation of acceleration coefficient.


Electronics waste (e‐waste) is the fastest growing category of hazardous solid waste in the world. While the generation of e‐waste has recently attracted the attention of a number of researchers, currently, there is little awareness on its management, monitoring, and control among the consumers of crowdfunding platforms. This is surprising because the supporters (backers) of crowdfunding are usually considered as disruptive innovators by other stakeholders. In this light, this research explores the role of e‐waste management solutions and the formulation of "message framing" in influencing consumer behaviours in crowdfunding contexts. To do this, this study involves an in‐depth investigation of fund‐raising campaigns focused on e‐waste, which were promoted between 2009 and 2020, through Kickstarter's reward‐based crowdfunding platform. The results show that environmentally sustainable projects focused on waste reduction and pollution prevention are generating increased funds and triggering the interest of a number of crowd investors who are willing to finance such laudable initiatives. At the same time, the findings suggest that the fundraisers' elaborate framing messages on environmental protection and on the preservation of the natural eco‐systems can increase the likelihood of the success of their crowdfunding projects. This contribution contributes to both environmental management and to the crowdfunding literature. In conclusion, it offers practical implications for sustainable entrepreneurs who may resort to crowdfunding platforms to raise finance to decrease the accumulation of e‐waste from the planet, as well as for other stakeholders including governments, policymakers, and public agencies.


Well-defined polystyrene-b-polyisoprene-b-polystyrene (SIpS) triblock copolymers with different microstructures were synthesized by living anionic polymerization. The synthesis of star-branched polyisobutylene (PIB) was accomplished by the cationic polymerization in 2-chloro-2,4,4-trimethylpentane/titanium tetrachloride/SIpS triblock copolymer/2,6-di-tert-butylpyridine initiating system. The double bonds in SIpS triblock copolymer were activated as starting points for isobutylene polymerization. The formation of star-branched architecture was demonstrated by size-exclusion chromatography with quadruple detection: refractive index, multiangle laser light scattering, viscometric, and ultraviolet detectors. SIpS triblock copolymer with high 3,4-PIp content is more reactive than that with high 1,4-PIp content in cationic initiating stage. The yields of star-branched PIB were remarkably dependent on the reaction time of TMP+ with SIpS. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009


In Colombia, corruption cases are too frequent in state projects on behalf of business groups that evade tax controls on recruitment and programme budget execution, analyzing three companies that have Contracted with the state and have carried out embezzlements of the Treasury we intend to perform a system of fiscal control that guarantees an effective revision, to avoid capital leakages and allocated resources detriments for the contracts execution. Because of this, we raised several questions trying to find effective mechanisms which ones combat corruption from the approach given by a clean and transparent fiscal review. How to ensure that the mechanisms of control existing in Colombian laws are effectively applied by tax reviewers to avoid diversion of resources or favoring to individuals resulting in the embezzlement of Public money? How to control the lack of criterion and independence of the tax reviewers which rise this type of problem? What sanctions are applied to the tax reviewers whose are involved in these situations? After gathering several questions that are correlated with the same theme we can synthesize the problem formulation as follows: How to achieve a system of fiscal control for private sector companies that conclude contracts with the Colombian government, that is effective, regulated and implemented in accordance with the laws established, to avoid cases of corruption where they are involved high State officials and first-rate entrepreneurs? The Methodology of the work will consist on generate a diagnosis that will help us to identify the main causes that are given the embezzlements in this type of hiring's, to avoid them, establishing the civil and penal responsibilities, delimiting the specific functions of the tax reviewers, so that they are directly responsible in case of anomalies in the handling of money or resources.


An anisotropic product angular distribution has been observed in the dissociative photodetachment of O−4 at 523 nm. Energy and angular distributions of coincident O2 products from the process O−4+hν→O2+O2+e− were measured using translational energy spectroscopy in a fast ion beam. The angular distribution peaks perpendicular to the electric vector of the laser beam.


Wine flavor, as the culmination of a myriad of sensorial interactions carried out by subtle changes in the chemical composition of the wine, varies from individual to individual, depending on particular taste, local ambience and even mood. Nonetheless, the chemical composition of the wine is the cornerstone of the whole taste experience. As byproduct of alcoholic fermentation of must carried out by yeasts, the chemical composition of the wine is determined by many factors such as grape variety, geographical and viticultural conditions of grape cultivation and microbial ecology of grapes. The natural yeast microbiota plays a dominant role in the composition of the final product affecting overall quality. Due to fluctuations in yeast population, spontaneous fermentations are unreliable, forcing the use of starter cultures to guarantee wine quality and consistence. Unfortunately, commercial starter strains sometimes mask the regional characteristics of a particular wine reducing uniqueness and value. As such, there is a growing demand for the use of autochtonous strains as starters in the production of wine from a particular region, guaranteeing the consistency and quality of the product while safeguarding the local characteristics. In this study, 768 yeast isolates, belonging to Sogrape Vinhos S.A and originating from four DOC regions in Portugal, were studied for their potential use as starter cultures. The selection protocol consisted in the application of molecular fingerprinting methods for determination of variability and genetic characterization, followed by microfermentations in must at different conditions. Throughout the study, by comparison of performance with a commercial wine starter strain, the isolates with the worst scores where removed. The final part of the study encompassed a comparative analysis of molecular fingerprinting methods in search of molecular markers suitable for traceability of strains at the industrial level. Key-words: wine; starter; yeasts; molecular fingerprinting; microfermentation


ABSTRACT Quebec students have generally excelled in international mathematics comparisons and 22% performed in the top category, Level 6, on PISA in 2012. Several countries with more extensive gifted programs scored and ranked considerably lower and had smaller proportions achieving Level 6. Does this mean a general mathematics curriculum with such indices of success could sufficiently serve gifted students? The US NAGC's Parallel Curriculum model served as a template to explore Quebec's ninth-grade mathematics curriculum for components of the four Parallel Curriculum strands: core, connections, practice, and identity. The Quebec curriculum included a strong core, but fewer elements of the three other Parallels. The anomaly remains: A strong core curriculum was associated with high PISA scores and rankings, yet did not meet all the criteria for gifted programming. At the same time, even though the literature reports that formal gifted programming is sometimes associated with higher proportions of learners achieving at PISA's level 6, such provision is not as well related to overall high PISA averages or rankings.


The physiological indexes of peroxided degree of membrane and activities of antioxidant enzymes in four kinds of perennial grasses(such as Leymus chinensis,Phragmites communis,Carex duriuscula,Melilotoides ruthenica) grown in salt-alkaline and sandy land of Herqin were determined.The results showed that: compared to sandy land,saline-alkali land seriously effected development of four kinds of forage grasses.The adaptation of two stresses on four kinds of forage grass was that Phragmites communis Leymus chinensisCarex duriuscula Melilotoides ruthenica;as far as activities of antioxidant enzymes concerned,forage grasses in sandy land mainly enhanced activity of POD to improve their antioxidant ability,but forage grasses in saline-alkali land improved their antioxidant ability through increasing activities of SOD and CAT.And activities of antioxidant enzymes among four kinds of forage grasses had obvious differences.


This contribution presents an optically transparent and circularly polarized patch antenna to be integrated on a solar cell. The whole configuration is suitable to be use in a wireless sensor node acting as a communication interface and a power source. The antenna consisting of grid lines is studied concerning the impedance behavior due to the applied mesh. A single fed truncated corners meshed patch antenna with meshed ground plane on quartz glass is investigated. This structure with an overall transparency of 92 % has similar antenna properties to the opaque counterpart. Additionally, the alignment errors between both meshed layers possibly caused by the fabrication process is addressed concerning the axial ratio. A prototype is realized and measured to verify the simulation results.


This study revisits the long-run relationships and short-run dynamic causal linkages among BRIC stock market, with the particular attention to the 2008 subprime mortgage crisis. Extending related empirical studies, comparative analyses of pre-crisis, and post-crisis periods were conducted to comprehensively evaluate how stock market integration was affected by financial crises. In general, after employing cointegration test and VAR test, the results reveal the increase of stock market integration in BRICs after the subprime crisis. The evidence also found that China stock market is the most influential among the BRICs, in which China stock market has the ability to Granger cause the other three BRICs member countries. An important implication of our findings is that the degree of integration among countries tends to change over time, especially around periods marked by financial crises.


The detecting and statistics on rolling time by using monitor protect system in the computer of main electrical machinery of rolling mill were presented in this paper.The design scheme and debug result of hardware system and software weave were also introduced.


Identification of persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐associated tuberculosis (TB) at increased risk for unfavourable TB outcomes would inform efforts to improve such outcomes. We sought to identify factors associated with a decreased risk of unfavourable TB treatment outcomes among people living with HIV‐infection (PLHIV) in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMIC), with a specific focus on directly observed therapy (DOT) compared with self‐administered therapy (SAT) during the continuation phase of anti‐TB therapy.


The cannula insertion device (1) is arranged. Device, the needle carriage (10), the yoke a rail device (82, 84, 86, 88) of the needle carriage thereon (10) comprises a slidable rail device, channel (546), the needle carriage (10 ) connected to the linkage (20) is a by-process link extends into the channel (546), torsion spring (30 having one end connected to the linkage (20)), and a torsion which extends for locking a spring (30), and includes a locking device for maintaining the needle carriage (10) and linkage (20) to the locked position prior to operation (90). As soon release the locking device (90), it is released expansion of the torsion spring (30), this rail device movement is allowed and the needle carriage (10) linkage (20) in the channel (546) (82, 84, 86, 88) is moved along the. Catheter carriage (60) is also provided for actuation by the linkage (20).


The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes the disease termed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), emerged in China in early December 2019 The virus has rapidly spread causing a global pandemic with a major burden on the health care system and economy The outbreak was declared a public health emergency by the World Health Organisation on January 30, 2020 The presented guidelines describe the basic principles of outpatient care for children during the COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 The guidelines were developed based on the conducted literature review, content from websites of scientific societies, and international recommendations This paper presents guidelines concerning the outpatient care for sick children, children with a documented SARS-CoV-2 infection, or for children of mothers with confirmed COVID-19 Moreover, the guidelines discuss aspects associated with vaccinations, preventive visits for healthy children, and the monitoring of a child's safety and mental health status © 2020 Termedia Publishing House Ltd All rights reserved

https://www.termedia.pl/Journal/-127/pdf-41280-10?filename=Recommendations of the Polish.pdf


Hard Keratin (HK) from goat horn discards was dissolved using Ionic Liquid (IL) called Tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (TBAH, 40% aqueous solution), particles of HK were extracted, evaluated for antioxidant potential and in vitro cell viability against A549 and HEK-293 cell lines. Different material characterization techniques viz. PFM, XRD, FESEM/EDAS, FTIR, and TGA were employed to characterize the extracted hard keratin. PFM characterization revealed a piezoelectric coefficient (d33) of about 22.6 pm/V. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of reactive Amides I, II & III at 1681, 1527, and 1249 cm-1 respectively. XRD spectrum demonstrated the amorphous phase of the material, and the Crystalline Index (C.I.) is 0.38. Characterization by TGA represents high thermal stability of extracted HK with a mass loss of 64.6% at 974.5°C temperature, reflective of the desired thermal stability for different applications. HK particles showed considerable antioxidant activity and inhibition of Human cell lines to an extent of 40.4% at 10 μg concentration for A549 (Lung Carcinoma cells) and 8.38% at 100 μg for HEK-293 (Human embryonic kidney cells).


The need to begin to understand the different benefits desired between masters and open athletes has become a significant issue in recent years. As the area of sports tourism continues to grow in all sporting segments, both event managers and host regions need to understand the differences between the two market segments. This research provides a comparison of benefits sought by current masters athletes competing in international competition as compared to what they perceived to be important when they were younger athletes. The aim of this paper is to analyze these individuals in order to begin to understand the differences between older and younger athletes, as well as for improving marketing strategies for motivating increased Sports Tourism participation in regional, national, and international competition.


In recent years there have appeared reports of the comparative effects of using other than historical costs in preparing financial statements.' Generally, these papers described a comparison of the application of merely a single alternative income model against the application of generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) to the same situation. As a result, very little information is available on comparisons of the applica-


Introduction: In 2017, the under five mortality rate in low-income countries was 69 deaths per 1000 live births–around 14 times the average rate in high-income countries. Children constitute a vulnerable group and the first five years can be considered as a transition phase from the mother's womb to a social platform. Morbidity status of very young children is considered to be an important index of the health status of the community. However, studies done to assess the morbidity profile of Children in rural Nepal are few, and the children's health status is largely unknown. The information collected through Health Management Information System (HMIS) of Nepal Government mainly represent the population that accessed the services but do not represent the population that utilized private clinics/hospitals or did not access it at all.
Objective: This study was conducted to assess the morbidity status of under-five children and its associated factors in Barbote Village Development Commitiee (VDC) of Ilam district of eastern Nepal.
Methodology: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among all the eligible under five children of Barbote VDC of Ilam District for two weeks from 16-30 March, 2016. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with the legal guardian/ caretaker of the children with pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire. Calibrated & validated equipment were used for simple biophysical measurements. Odds Ratio (OR) with confidence limit was calculated to examine the strength of association between the variables with the probability of significance set at 95% of Confidence interval (CI).Ethical permission was taken from the Institutional Review Committee (IRC) of BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan.
Results: Of the total 406 under-five children studied, 35.5% complained of illness such as acute respiratory infection, diarrhea and fever within the past two weeks. Regression analysis by the backward conditional method disclosed the fact that children of households with low socioeconomic status and those using biomass fuel for cooking were significantly associated with presence of illness.
Conclusion: More than one-third of the under-five children in BarboteVDC of eastern Nepal were found to be ill mostly due to preventable causes. Factors significantly associated with the presence of illness included the use of biomass fuel and low socio-economic status.


Mopanshi is a high quality Chinese astringent persimmon cultivar and a promising germplasm. Its seed abortion was investigated when using it as maternal parentage to be crossed with 3 Japanese non-astringent cultivars, Nishimurawase, Taishu and Hanagosho. Results showed: (1) Mopanshi could form perfect seeds after being pollinated artificially, and the seed number was affected distinctly by the paternal cultivar. The capability of seed formation in Mopanshi was the lowest when used Hanagosho as pollen parent. (2) Several abnormal phenomena were observed during the development of seed in Mopanshi. The percentage of abnormal seed was obviously high in 3 cross combinations. Seed abortion at later stage was induced mostly by appearance of protuberance near seed umbilicus and the early aborted seeds appeared due to endosperm degeneration. (3) There was no observable coincidence between seed abortion and embryo abortion. Hybrid seedling of Mopanshi could be obtained by rescue.


Icebergs pose potential hazards both to oil development and to shipping off Canada's East coast. Whereas in the past detection has been largely by visual or photographic means, more recently, imaging radar has been used. Because of the generally poor visibility in the region and the potentially large swath coverage of radar, radar is expected to become a prime detection sensor for regional coverage. Two major types of radar are in use: real aperture side-looking airborne radar (SLAR) and synthetic aperture radar (SAR). This investigation, named BERGSEARCH '84, was conducted over the Grand Banks of Newfoundland in April 1984, to assess the capabilities of modern, airborne, imaging radars in the detection of icebergs in open water. Of particular interest were smaller pieces of ice, namely growlers and bergy bits. Of the five radars assessed, three were SLARs and two were SARs. Estimates of average detectability for icebergs of various sizes were obtained. Among major conclusions reached in this study were the following: target detectability (especially for growlers) increased with repeated passes; iceberg detectability decreased with increasing sea state, particularly for smaller targets; ships, icebergs, and small floes of sea ice generally do not display different radar target signatures on either SAR or SLAR analog imagery; smaller targets appeared to be more visible and to be more easily interpreted for lower-altitude SLAR passes; smaller icebergs, bergy bits, and growlers are slightly more likely to be detected looking in the crosswave direction; the smallest iceberg targets are less than a single resolution cell in size for all the radars used; precipitation echoes were noted in 10-20% of the SLAR passes, but in few of the SAR passes; and, the dynamic range of scenes imaged is relatively high.


Component of photoexcited states with large spatial extent is investigated for optical absorption spectra of the electroluminescent conjugated polymers by using the intermediate exciton theory. We calculate the ratio of oscillator strengths due to long-range excitons with respect to sum of all the oscillator strengths of the absorption as a function of the monomer number. The oscillator strengths of the long-range excitons in poly(para-phenylene) are smaller than those in poly(para-phenylenevinylene), and those of poly(para-phenylenedivinylene) are larger than those in poly(para-phenylenevinylene). Such relative variations are explained by the differences of the number of vinylene units. The oscillator strengths of long-range excitons in poly(di-paraphenylenevinylene) are much larger than those of the above three polymers, due to the increase of number of phenyl rings. We also find that the energy position of the almost localized exciton is neary the same in the four polymers. ∗E-mail address: firstname.lastname@example.com; URL: http://www.etl.go.jp/People/harigaya/


It would appear from Sayer's letter (1980) that I am expected to argue that because Dr Sayer is real he is relevant. I am sorry to have to disappoint him, but shall do so as briefly as possible. His attempt (1980, page 967) to "rebut" my argument for a distinction between urgent and nonurgent modelling activity (Simmonds, 1980) by asking " 'urgent' for whom?" ends at the point where I began. Of course urgent, real, or relevant problems are defined as such, explicitly or implicitly, by persons or institutions having particular interests. If one thinks that planning is of benefit, one must accept the institutional definition of problems as a necessary part of the planning process. Such definitions will differ from the definitions of the same problems by other analysts, and should always be open to criticism. Furthermore, not all institutions are directed to solving all problems, even if sometimes they pretend they are. That is not to argue, as Sayer imagines I do, that issues beyond the capabilities of existing institutions should be ignored. It is to say that the British town and country planning system, for example, can and is intended to have a limited effect on secondary aspects of urban development, and should seek to do so in a rational manner. It is very easy but futile to make the system, and the methods used in it, appear irrelevant by assuming it to be aimed at doing something else. Whether it should be secondary to primary aspects of development brought about by a capitalist market economy or a socialist planned economy does not alter its secondary nature, although it may change the nature of a rational response. My paper sought to argue that techniques for planning selected secondary aspects of urban development should not be condemned as bad techniques for planning the primary aspects. Whether or not urban models are good techniques for such purposes I shall not go into again here. There is nothing in that argument to limit discussion anywhere of the development processes currently operating, of alternative processes by which they might be replaced, or of methods for alternative forms of planning.


The distribution-free stochastic comparisons of coherent systems is a relevant topic in the reliability Theory. Several techniques have been used to obtain such comparisons. In this paper, we review of the comparison results obtained by using signatures and distorted distributions under different assumptions for the components. These assumptions include the cases of independent and identically distributed (IID) components, exchangeable (EXC) components, independent non-identically distributed (INID) components, possibly dependent identically distributed (DID) components and arbitrary possibly dependent components (DNID).


Functionalised porphyrins have attracted considerable attention owing to their ability to coordinate with numerous metal ions. We design and synthesize a novel composite system based on functionalised Pt(II)‐porphyrin and multiwalled carbon nanotubes for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrocatalysis. Rather than qualitatively integrating porphyrin with carbon nanotubes, the optimized Pt(II)‐porphyrin loading and precisely morphology control could be fine‐tuned and quantitatively premeditated by using fluorescence and UV‐vis titration based on the unique π–π interactions behaviour of the porphyrin for the first time. The as‐prepared composites exhibit superior HER catalytic activity with an overpotential of 35 mV for an electrocatalytic current density of j=−10 mA cm−2 and a Tafel slope of 32.3 mV dec−1. Moreover, such catalysts do not exhibit observable activity decay after a 1000‐cycle stability test, thus demonstrating their excellent durability. To further reduce Pt loading to achieve cost efficiency, we develop a Pt−Co bimetallic HER catalyst with an ultra‐low platinum content through a straightforward synthesis pathway with high catalytic activity and stability. This study provides a new approach for preparing a highly active and stable HER catalyst, which could potentially be extended to other reactions to improve the utilization efficiency of precious metal catalysts.


Player behavior during game play can be used to construct player models that help adapt the game and make it more fun for the player involved. Similarly in-game behavior could help model personality traits that describe people's attitudes in a fashion that can be stable over time and over different domains, e.g., to support health coaching, or other behavior change approaches. This paper demonstrates the feasibility of this approach by relating Need for Cognition (NfC) a personality trait that can predict the effectiveness of different persuasion strategies upon users to a commonly used game mechanic -- hints. An experiment with N=188 participants confirmed our hypothesis that NfC has a negative correlation with the number of hints players follow during the game. Future work should confirm if adherence to hints can be used as a predictor of behavior in different games, and to find other game mechanics than hints, that help predict user traits.


The Eurasian Pelophylax esculentus hybridogenetic complex, including Pelophylax ridibundus (R), P. lessonae (L), and their hybrid P. kl. esculentus (E), is considered to be one of the most complicated animal hemiclonal systems. It has been attracting the attention of evolutionary and molecular biologists as well as ecologists for decades. Despite the considerable number of studies describing population structure, reproductive modes, and distribution of the species complex, data on the rarely observed REL scenario, i.e., the presence of all three species at one site, are lacking. This study compared the morphological (morphometry, external morphology) and ecological (diet) profiles of all three species from a REL complex population located in the northwestern part of Croatia (Bjelovarsko-Bilogorska County). In terms of external morphology, the species varied interspecifically, but some features, for example, the yellow or green femoral colouration found in P. ridibundus, had not been expected. All three species exhibited a strong predilection for terrestrial prey, but interspecific differences were noticed. This paper aims to provide a better and more comprehensible insight into the ecological relationships of the REL complex, allowing comparisons with other study areas across Europe.


The cesium-sodium ion exchange on the hydrated molybdenum bronze was investigated, and the proton in the intralayer site was found to prevent the complete ion-exchange of Cs/Na. The hydrated bronze of Cs with a larger ionic radius showed hydration behavior different than the bronzes of other alkali metals. Furthermore, the low-temperature synthesis route from hydrated molybdenum bronzes to alkali-metal molybdenum bronzes was investigated, and it was found that the route led to the formation of a new Cs molybdenum bronze, which was related to the family of blue alkali-metal molybdenum bronze A0.3MoO3. The lattice constants of the bronze werea=19.362(8),b=7.567(2), andc=10.506(4) A, andβ=121.07(3)° (monoclinic system).


Provided is a metallic particle assembly in which 30 or more metallic particles are arranged in two dimensions away from one another, wherein: the metallic particles have an average particle size within the range of 200nm and 1600 nm, an average height within the range of 55nm and 500 nm, and an aspect ratio defined by the ratio of the average particle size relative to the average height within the range of 1 and 8; and the scattering intensity ratio S1/S0 is 0.15 or greater in a scattering spectrum of light that scatters at a 30 degrees angle from incident light when the incident light enters the surface of the metallic particle assembly from the nominal line direction thereof (S1 represents the scattering intensity at the maximum wavelength of a peak having the highest peak intensity, and S0 represents the scattering intensity of the aforementioned peak in a reference system comprising a barium sulfate layer). Also provided is an optical element provided with said metallic particle assembly.


Of the thousands of surviving charters from eastern Carolingian Francia, remarkably few contain boundary clauses, even though ceremonial perambulations were a prominent aspect of property transactions. This article examines these boundary clauses asking when and why perambulations were written down in charters, and why, in an overwhelmingly Latin charter tradition, this was often done with vernacular language. The analysis suggests that boundary clauses were intended as rhetorical statements of elite identification and authority, usually signalling the involvement of powerful patrons and significant properties. The article contributes to debates concerning ritual, rhetoric and the interaction between orality and literacy in medieval charters.


Based on the developmental requirements of the modern weather services,MEOFIS(Meteorological Element Objective Forecast Integrated System) Platform is introduced and run automatically in Suzhou Meteorological Bureau.Statistical dynamical forecasting method is utilized to build statistical forecast equations between T639's output datum and Suzhou's local historical observational datum.The refined forecasting elements are obtained with time resolution reaching 3 h,and spatial resolution approaching township level.Objective verification of the forecast temperature in July 2011 shows that the accuracy of daily minimum temperature within 2 ℃ in 24 h is 90.3%,and daily maximum temperature is 74.2%,while temperature in every 3 h is 82.7%.Therefore,the objective forecast has a guiding significance in the daily weather forecast.The forecast error analysis implies that error goes up if the maximum(minimum) temperatures of the two successive days are varying violently.Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition(EEMD) is utilized to filter the 3 h temperature.Result shows that the forecast temperature errors from MEOFIS still have the remarkable periods related to synoptic situation,and filtering could still improve the accuracy of temperature forecast.


Salinity negatively affects rice production, therefore tolerant varieties are required to plant in an area with high salinity salinity. This especially will inhibit growth and trigger death at the seedling phase. The objective of this research is to obtain salinity tolerant rice mutants, from previously developed line by gamma ray irradiation and in-vitro selection, through a hydroponictesting in a green house. Plant materials used were third generation (M3) of rice mutants derived from Ciherang and Inpari 13 (each 45 lines), Ciherang and Inpari 13 as control parents, and Pokkali and IR20 as tolerant and sensitive salinity control, respectively. The experiment was conducted using methods developed by IRRI. This study was arranged in a completely randomized factorial design. The firstfactorwas twoconcentrationofNaCl (0 and 150 mM) and the second factor was the plant Rice varieties. The result of the study revealed that tolerant lines had higher plant height and root length than susceptible lines. This research yielded 64 rice mutants lines tolerant to salinity, i.e. 23 mutant lines of Ciherang and 45 mutant lines of Inpari 13.


The article describes the problems that most often cause mental stress, emotional excitement, stress, or the excitement of athletes in shooting. The main determinants of the behavior of the athlete are determined. The classification of the impact of emotional distress on the individual behavior of the athlete in a situation of competitive activity is given. Quasi-area of emotional experiences of athletes of arrow team of Ukraine is built. Method, which was used for modeling, allows us to introduce measurement of shooter's mental and emotional stress. A representation of shooters' emotional experiences is suggested, it allows to organize a variety of approaches to understanding the emotions that arise in a competitive activity. The features of competitive mental condition and provoking it some emotional distress are represented.


Introduction: Dengue NS1 Antigen (NS1 Ag) detection or quantification has become a specific diagnostic tool for dengue virus infection, but has variable sensitivity. Previous research reported NS1 Ag level can be detected up to the 7 th - 10 th day of fever, others stated the sensitivity was decreased after four days of fever. We performed this research to analyze the NS1 Ag profile and its relationship with the day of illness. Methods: This study was a prospective cohort study on 39 children hospitalized at dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya since November 2009 to May 2010. Inclusion criteria were acute fever less than 72 hours, bleeding tendency denoted at least by positive tourniquet test, age between 1-14 years, and confirmed by positive Dengue Ig M/Ig G on the 5 th day of fever. We performed daily quantitative Dengue NS1 Ag tests until defervescence day, and its relationship with the day of illness were analyzed. Results: NS1 Ag was positive in 19/39 samples. Secondary infection occurred in 14/19 of Dengue Fever and 17/20 of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever cases. Positivity of NS1Ag was higher in primary (6/8 cases) than secondary infection (12/31 cases). Mean level of NS1 Ag was highest on the 2 nd day, decreased afterwards and undetected on the 5 th day of fever. There was significant relationship between NS1 Ag positivity (P=0.037, rs=-0.9) and level (P<0.001, rs=-1) with the day of illness. Discussions: Dengue NS1 Ag positivity and level were highest during the acute phase of fever and decreased afterwards.


Instabilities (pop-ins) in load-displacement records of fracture tests could be originated from small unstable crack growth in the main crack plane, as usual in welded joints, or from delamination of the ligament (splitting), as in some rolled steels. According to the standards, no matter the origin of the instability the fracture toughness need to be reported at the first significant pop-in. In most cases this treatment greatly penalizes the fracture toughness of the material. In that way a question arose: What would be the fracture toughness of a material featuring splitting if the specimen were not suffered split? To answer this question several test were made in rolled steels showing and not pop-ins from splitting. It is being now proposed that the change in the system energy associated to splitting instabilities could be neglected, the records corrected by adding the load drop caused by the split to the points on the right, and the toughness calculated at the maximum load. The results (for the magnitude of the instabilities we faced) showed that maximum load CTOD from corrected records and from records of the same material without pop-ins by splitting are statistically equivalent.


This paper presents an overview of the use of Augmented Reality in the area of architecture and cultural heritage visualization. The subject of this research are objects that have significant cultural and historical values which, for different reasons, cannot be perceived in their real environment. Using two case-studies, the processes of 3D reconstruction, optimization and AR presentation of the reality models are described in detail. The 3D models are created by using photogrammetry and the AR visualization is performed by using an existing platform for the AR presentation. The aim of the paper is to emphasize the importance of incorporating photogrammetry and augmented reality for the visualization of different types of object features.


The utility model discloses a signal source generating device for detecting a digital electric energy meter, which comprises an upper computer, a multichannel digital-to-analogue conversion module, and a signal conditioning circuit which is used for channel separation signal amplification and filtration and for improving the load capability, wherein the computer is preset with the type and amplitude of signal and can generate a digital signal representing arbitrary waveform of single-phase or multi-phase voltage current, after being executed, the digital signal is continuously input to the multichannel digital-to-analogue conversion module, the multichannel digital-to-analogue conversion module inputs the executed voltage or current analog signal to the signal conditioning circuit, and thesignal conditioning circuit provides standard signal source to the electric energy meter to be detected. The frequency, amplitude and phase precision of the signal source output by the utility modelare very high and the waveform is arbitrary, the electric energy meter to be detected, which accords with the standard of IEC60044-7/8, can be directly driven to be provided with standard signal source, in addition, the production cost of the utility model is low, which is lower by 20 percent compared with the prior product.


The prospects of socio-economic development in the Sakha Repulic (Yakutia) are mainly related to the possible completion of the Amur-Yakutia Trunk-Railway Project and further operation of this trunk-railway. However, having calculated the economic efficiency of this construction according to the official guidelines on the railway construction efficiency, the author states that the implementation of this project will be inefficient because of a low freight traffic density and a stub track character of the trunk-railway. The author offers an approach to how calculate different variants of the potential efficiency of the Railway taking into account the network effects if it would be included into the United Yakutiyan Railway System.


Stenting stabilizes the ion transport channels which hold excess water and boosts ion permeation, thus overcoming the current stability–efficiency tradeoffs.


This study aims to investigate the effects of Schmidt number on calculation of sediment suspension. Schmidt number is a constant for turbulent diffusion and turbulence intensity. Two different types of sediment (the cohesive and the non-cohesive) are tested using one dimensional vertical numerical model. Two simulation conditions (oscillatory flow and steady current) are applied to numerical experiments. It is found in this study that Schmidt number has different effects on cohesive and non-cohesive sediments.


This monthly column continues to be dedicated to profiling unique mill people from across Canada who have had a significant impact on both their workplace and on the industry as a whole. This month, we focus on marathon pulp, a NBSK pulp mill that prides itself in its product, and on its inseparable relationship with the town that bears its name. Mill manager, Al Hitzroth, a recent arrival, calls both the mill and the town his home. With a unique combination of people skills and technical knowledge, Hitzroth leads marathon pulp to daily successes, as the operation approaches 60 years of operation.


A 47-year-old woman with no prior medical history presented to an outside facility with chest pain. She was transferred to our facility for a ST-elevation myocardial infarction after an initial ECG revealed ST-elevations in leads V2–V5. Her coronary angiography showed severe coronary vasospasm of