In his preface to the first edition of the Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders , Douglas Drossman outlined the goals of the process that we have all come to know and love as the Rome criteria to: 1 make a positive diagnosis of these disorders, 2 understand their pathophysiology and 3 make effective treatment choices. Clinicians and clinical investigators inundated with patients for whom the only diagnostic path was one of exclusion (and mutual exhaustion) and frustrated in their attempts to compare each others clinical observations and to design therapeutic trials, flocked to Rome where the deliberations and conclusions of the cognoscenti could be received and a new way forward revealed. The functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) previously vague, often dismissed and, at times, even ridiculed by the more organic among the medical fraternity achieved, through the seal and protection of mighty Rome, a legitimacy and credibility which their advocates had long yearned for. These disorders could be crisply defined and delineated from each other; subsequent studies revealed the promise of Rome. Through the application of its criteria it became clear that these disorders were very common, were of far greater impact to those who suffered from them and their economic and social import was considerable. Very soon the world recognized that a mighty empire had emerged in their midst and that it would come to rule this vast territory for decades to come. Governments, through their regulatory agencies, acknowledged the emergence of Rome and the giants and minnows of the pharmaceutical industry stood up and recognized that, through Rome, vast riches were within sight: patient populations for clinical trials could be neatly defined, subpopulations characterized and responsive end points developed. Investigators envisaged a time when, by applying the doctrines of Rome, the pathophysiology of the various FGIDs and their subtypes would reveal themselves before their very eyes. Even the lowly clinician could now look forward to a day when he, or she, could dispense with expensive and invasive tests, look the patient in the eye and confidently deliver a positive diagnosis, because Rome had so ordained. All basked in the glory that was Rome!


Popular verbal traditions -in the sense proposed by german romance philology-in mexican Spanish produce thousands of spontaneous and festive f orms and meanings, whose contribution to the sense of sentences depends on dialogic activity in context, without producing stable forms and meanings in language. This article offers a first clasification of formation schemes.


Abstract : Death after severe trauma in the civilian and military setting occurs in a trimodal distribution. Historically, the majority of injury-related mortality occurs in the prehospital setting owing to hemorrhage. Of patients who survive to hospital admission, another group of deaths occurs in the acute phase owing to devastating head injury or uncontrolled hemorrhage. Among patients who survive these immediate and acute phases of trauma, the last significant phase of mortality occurs in the days and weeks following injury from sepsis and multiple organ failure (MOF). The immediate care of the severely injured is guided by structured clinical practice guidelines that have been widely adopted for the prehospital and early hospital settings. Early use of tourniquets, hemostatic dressings, and the concepts of damage-control surgery and hemostatic resuscitation have led to more patients surviving the immediate and early phases of severe trauma. As advances in prevention and treatment of death from hemorrhage occur, there may be an expected decrease in mortality during the early aspects of the trimodal pattern of mortality. Specifically, improved survivability of the initial phases of injury can be expected to result in a greater number of physiologically compromised patients prone to MOF surviving later into the hospitalization. As such, directing a significant portion of current and future clinical expertise and scientific study to advanced organ support techniques is prudent.


The invention relates to a skin scraping plate. The skin scraping plate is prepared from the following raw materials in part by weight: 60 to 70 parts of Fe2O3, 16 to 24 parts of ZnO, 5 to 15 parts of Ni2O3, 3 to 6.8 parts of CuO, 0.1 to 0.8 part of Bi2O3, 0.2 to 0.8 part of V2O5, 0.1 to 0.2 part of Nb2O5 and 0.1 to 0.5 part of Co2O3. The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing the skin scraping plate. A skin scraping plate crystal structure is stable and reliable, has high wave-absorbing property and wide wave-absorbing frequency band and has the effects of protecting from electromagnetic radiation and protecting human health. The skin scraping plate has a health-care function. Therefore, the skin scraping plate integrates an ornament, a skin scraping plate and an electromagnetic radiation-resistant product, wherein the functions are not influenced mutually.


The mammalian cochlea contains two types of sensory cells, inner hair cells (IHCs) and outer hair cells (OHCs). The IHCs provide the vast majority of the synaptic input to the auditory nerve while the OHCs express a unique motor protein, prestin, and appear to participate in an electromechanical feedback loop that amplifies the motion of the organ of Corti (OC). To study this amplification process we have employed stroboscopic video microscopy to quantify the motion of various elements of the OC. Extracellular electrical stimulation was used to excite OHC motility and a computer‐controlled high‐intensity light‐emitting diode (LED) is used to illuminate the organ OC in an excised cochlear preparation. Motion is measured by extracting small regions of interest (ROIs) from the images and cross‐correlating the ROIs taken during electrical stimulation with a reference image from the same ROIs taken with no stimulation. The observed motion is quite complex with several vibration modes observed. One of the major...


This article is a survey on fermentation process modelling.Some examples aregiven to show how modern control theory is applied in fermentation technology.


ABSTRACT Polyacrylamide/sodium alginate (PAM/SA) hydrogel was prepared from sodium alginate (SA) and acrylamide (AM) by covalently cross-linking. Temporary shape double network PAM/SA hydrogels were obtained by ionic cross-linking formed by complexation of SA and six metal cations (Fe3+, Cu2+, Ag+, Ca2+, Ni2+, and Co2+), among the PAM/SA—Fe3+ hydrogels has the best shape fixity ratio (83%). When the hydrogel is placed in different recovery liquids (sodium citrate, EDTA, sulfuric acid, and potassium carbonate), the shape recovery ratio (98.9%) is the best in sodium citrate solution, and the recovery time (182 s) of the hydrogel is the shortest. In general, Fe3+, Cu2+, and Ag+ are suitable for the construction of ionic-shape memory hydrogels. The PAM/SA hydrogels also exhibited excellent adjustable mechanical properties by changing metal cations and soaking time. The strategy could broaden the construction of ion-responsive shape-memory hydrogels.


This paper describes the design and simulation of a frequency reconfigurable microstrip patch antenna for Bluetooth, WLAN and Radar applications. Bluetooth and WI-FI operates at 2.45GHz frequency, WLAN and WIMAX operate at 5GHz band, and Marine Radar operating frequency is 7.5GHz. These three antennas are designed and simulated using Ansoft HFSS V.13 software. Rectangular patch antenna with inset feeding is used as radiating element. Rogers RT/duroid 5880 (tm) dielectric substrate with ԑr = 2.2 and thickness 1.6mm is taken. For each antenna Return loss, VSWR, Radiation Pattern was observed. These three antennas are integrated into single structure and RF-switches are used to achieve frequency reconfigurability.


T wo words best describe the technical benefits of ABB Turbocharging's Valve Control Management (VCM): flexibility and efficiency. To be precise, VCM allows engine valve timings to be varied at all engine loads to control engine emissions, while at the same time improving engine response, idling and starting behavior. The result is, above all, a significant fuel saving. In 2009 ABB Turbocharging took up the challenge of applying this technology to large engines. To achieve this aim, it forged a development partnership with the German company Schaeffler, a proven specialist in the field. Schaeffler's UniAirSystem is an electro-hydraulic, variable valve control system developed for smaller internal combustion engines and already running in hundreds of thousands of cars.


Objective To perform multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis(MLVA) of methicillin-resistant S.aureus(MRSA) strains isolated from Beijing population from 2000 to 2005 and to explore simple and inexpensive methods of typing those strains.Methods Forty-nine MRSA strains were analyzed by MLVA and compared with the results of pulsed field gel electrophoresis(PFGE).The discriminatory power and characteristics of MLVA typing were observed.Results MLVA typing had a Simpson's diversity index of 0.820 and yielded twelve MLVA types.C,G,and I were the most prevalent types,accounting for 24.49%(12/49),18.37%(9/49),and 30.61%(15/49) of all MRSA strains,respectively.The congruence between MLVA and PFGE was 93.87% when using a cutoff similarity value of 80% and 85% for MLVA and PFGE,respectively,while there was decreased concordance when the cutoff was 90% and 89%,respectively.Conclusion MLVA was a highly efficient method of typing and coincided with PFGE.It may be used in primary screening for outbreaks of MRSA in the area.


Mixed functions are analytic functions in variables $z_1,..., z_n$ and their conjugates $\bar z_1,..., \bar z_n$. We introduce the notion of Newton non-degeneracy for mixed functions and develop a basic tool for the study of mixed hypersurface singularities. We show the existence of a canonical resolution of the singularity, and the existence of the Milnor fibration under the strong non-degeneracy condition.


The current gaseous storage technologies for natural gas mainly include compressed natural gas,gas holder,pipeline storage,underground gas storage,adsorbed natural gas,near critical fluid.In this paper,the research status,problems and directions of the above mentioned gaseous storage and transportation technologies for natural gas were discussed,respectively.Both advantages and disadvantages of the various storage methodologies were pointed out.


PURPOSE
To report a case of Purtscher-like retinopathy in association with capecitabine chemotherapy for metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

METHODS
Case report.

RESULTS
Bilateral retinal hemorrhages and cotton-wool spots in a predominantly juxtapapillary distribution were observed coincident with decreased vision. There was gradual improvement of the retinopathy and patient's vision over several months until the time of death.

CONCLUSION
Metastatic pancreatic cancer and capecitabine, a fluoropyrimidine chemotherapeutic agent, are a rare cause of Purtscher-like retinopathy.


Vibrational properties and structural changes under pressure of a highly luminescent molecular organic crystal have been investigated by ultraviolet resonant Raman spectroscopy with a 244-nm excitation. Resonant Raman modes of α-perylene crystal up to 1GPa were followed under hydrostatic pressure in an anvil cell with a sapphire window transparent to ultraviolet light. Nonlinear evolution of intra-molecular modes is induced by pressure. Abrupt shifts of Raman wavenumbers suggest structural and planar modifications of the molecules in the crystal. We interpret these shifts as a first-order phase transition to a lower volume of unit cell. The luminescence of perylene crystal is gradually modified as a consequence of these structural changes. The present experimental setup allows investigating with Raman spectroscopy very luminescent molecules involved in chemical reactions and molecular organic crystals under relatively high pressure (up to 1GPa). Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Normal Space Station Freedom activities, such as docking, astronauts' movement, equipment vibrations, and space station reboosts, exert forces on the structure, resulting in static or transient accelerations greater than many microgravity experiments can tolerate. A solution to this problem is to isolate experiments on a separate platform free from such disturbances. The Space Station Based Microacceleration Experiment Platform, a proposed solution to the Space Station microgravity experiment problem is described. It is modular in design and can be telerobotically assembled and operated. The Microacceleration Experiment Platform (MEP) consists of a minimum configuration platform to which power, propulsion, propellant, and experiment modules are added. The platform's layout is designed to take maximum advantage of the microgravity field structure in orbit.


Rapa Nui only allows artisanal fishery activities, but these often go unaware. The market is centralized on Pacific chub, snoek and yellowfin tuna, all common pelagic fish. On September 2016, one un-identified specimen was caught off-shore as by-catch, and left on the main port at Hanga Piko. The objective of this study was to identify the specimen to a species level, using a morphological, meristic and molecular approach. All analyses suggest that the specimen belongs to a Poey's scabbardfish, Evoxymetopon poeyi. Concluding that the rare Poey's scabbardfish, has an oceanic distribution through seamounts as a mid-water migrator.


Abstract : This report looks at the problems of defining a portable public tools interface to underpin the software tools needed for the development and maintenance of software systems. It proposes a requirement specification and gives the rational behind the proposed requirements. The rationale also suggests some facilities and implementation features to enable the requirement to be met. It indicates that the requirement is not necessarily over ambitious.


Start a OneS multi-use stereo camera. The stereo camera of the present invention has a focus of a stereo camera having left and right cameras in which lens optical axes are disposed in parallel with each other, a gap adjusting unit for adjusting gaps between left and right cameras, and a gap between parallel optical axes with arbitrary values. A marginal disparity calculation unit that calculates the maximum allowable marginal disparity at the origin of the image by determining the origin point of the image focused on the subject, determining the origin point (Far Point) on the image focused on the subject; A camera interval calculating unit for calculating a gap value between the parallel optical axes by the calculated marginal parallax, and driving the gap adjusting unit in response to the calculated gap value, and imaging by the left and right cameras whose spacing is readjusted by the camera gap calculating unit. And an image storage unit for storing the left image and the right image. Therefore, once produced stereo image from the display of a small size mobile communication terminal device to a stereo screen over a few tens of inches or larger can enjoy a realistic and realistic.


S1. In 2010, the ministers of defence of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania signed a Letter of Intent (LoI), stating their wish to extend trilateral Baltic collaboration to the field of defence-related research and technology (R&T). They resolved to pursue collaborative R&T projects and programmes in order to support the development of military capabilities and organisations and the conduct of military operations. This intent to build synergies between the three national defence-related R&T programmes was entirely congruent with the context of broader trends within the EU and NATO such as the desire for more 'pooling and sharing' between member states and for stronger regional defence cooperation, including in R&T. However, the ministerial will has to be translated into more specific policies and actions to launch and sustain trilateral collaboration in this field.


Introduction The detection of NO and CO gases has recently become a critical issue since they are some of the most common air pollutants. Many types of NO and CO sensors have been investigated, using materials such as metal oxide semiconductors (MOS) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs)[1]. MOS sensors often operate at temperatures between hundreds to more than 1000 °C, whereas CNT-based sensors show good analytical sensitivity at room temperature. The ability of CNT sensors to operate in low-temperature regimes is an advantage. While CNT-based materials have been widely used for gas sensing for the reasons mentioned above and high responsibility, but the sensitivity of gas sensing is limited by the low specific surface area of active sites for gas adsorption[2,3]. In this study, carbon based materials were used to fabricate a gas sensor matrix by electrospinning and heat treatment. To improve the sensitivity of the sensor, a porous structure was developed, and functional groups were induced using chemical activation and fluorination. The resulting material effectively transferred the resistive response from the surface of the gas sensor to the electrode due to the carbon blacks embedded inside the fibers.


With drastic increases in oil prices fresh in our memories, with a world recession in full swing, and with two Middle-East countries at war, this is not an auspicious time to speak about the future of civil aviation. But I am following an excellent precedent. In 1940, in circumstances of unrelieved gloom, Dr. Roxbee Cox, now Lord Kings Norton, addressed this Society on 'Looking Forward'. His lecture was a message of confidence in the long term future of civil aviation, fully justified by later events. Though the energy threat is barely comparable with the state of affairs in 1940, its potential is very serious. I am wholly confident that aviation can once again rise to the occasion. But this by itself is a small part of a big picture. We need to be satisfied that the world will cope sufficiently well with the energy situation that our future way of life will not be so impoverished that flying becomes an unjustifiable luxury.


access control lists to manage the information flow in order to reach the specified online behavior strategy,the strategy described by security,time and other conditions to reflect the priority and flow control.Visit the router configuration can complete list of network packet filtering,and rational use of time-based access list can be more effective, more convenient,and economic management campus network.Based on time-based access control lists of new concepts and syntax, as well as specific examples of the application to the analysis of time-based access control lists in a typical campus network applications.


With the increasing number of bariatric surgeries performed globally and in the United States, knowledge of postsurgical sequelae is important not only for bariatricians but also for all general surgeons. Following gastric bypass surgery, up to 30% of patients will visit the emergency room or require admission to the hospital. The chief complaint in over half of these cases is abdominal pain. Determining the source of abdominal pain in these patients can be challenging due to the broad differential of potential causative etiologies. These include biliary pain, adhesions, intussusception, incisional hernias, leaks, strictures, and marginal ulcers. Of particular concern are internal hernias, for which CT has suboptimal sensitivity, and the gold standard for diagnosis is operative intervention. In cases of recurrent subacute upper abdominal pain, symptomatic cholelithiasis is the most frequent etiology due to the association between rapid weight loss and gallstone formation. We seek to present a series of patients for whom none of these classic etiologies was the culprit of recurrent upper abdominal pain. Extrapolating from our experience with these patients, we suggest that biliary hyperkinesia should be added to the differential diagnosis of recurrent upper abdominal in the postbariatric surgery population.


The present invention provides a control apparatus of an internal combustion engine, the internal combustion engine with a turbocharger having a WGV, the flow rate can be accurately estimated during transient operation of the turbine. When the transition engine (10) operation, respectively, to obtain the exhaust gas flow rate (mcyl (= mB)), WGV opening degree (WG (= X)) and the turbine rotational speed (Ntb (= Na)) (step 100 - 104). Acquired during operation and operational transition Ntb WG turbine flow (mtA) during steady state operation and implemented (mcyl (mA)) (step 106 - 108). In mcyl during transient operation of the application mtA mA flow ratio, turbine flow (= mtB) (step 110) during transient operation of the operation. Preferably the amount of change using turbine flow rate (Δmt (= mtB-mtA)) during transient operation, estimating Ntb (step 114,100) Ntb during transient operation.


In 1908 Señora Teodora Muñoz Viuda de Trejo, with the assistance of a public scribe, wrote to the city government regarding her business selling cakes on the streets of Mexico City. An inspector for the Department of Slaughterhouses and Markets had recently told her that as a vendor of prepared food she could no longer conduct business on the streets. This directive, if carried out, would have dire consequences for Señora Muñoz Viuda de Trejo.In her fourth letter to municipal authorities she wrote, I have mailed three letters and all without a favorable outcome. Today that circumstances compel me, I have made myself vulnerable once again to scorn, but a secret voice tells me to have faith. … Señor Governor, I have been a vendor of cakes since Señor Benito Juárez governed, then Señor Lerdo de Tejada came to power; and I continued making a living without interruption after our current president rose to power. I didn't meet with any set-backs until three years ago when they took from me three licenses with which I supported myself. … I suffer an ailment of my arms; eight months ago I lost my only daughter who supported me, and she left me with three orphaned children—you see, she was widowed. And so, finding myself in this situation I am obliged to plead to the father of us the poor, that he concede what would be for me a fortune, that I be allowed to sell my cakes, and God will compensate you for this act of nobility. Your humble servant, Teodora Muñoz Viuda de Trejo.(AHCM 1910. 1735: 777)


Background: Roughly 100 Million people wants care in the hospitals every year. The extensive supply of the health care services can be shocked for the many hospitals and their staff. The satisfaction of patients which is used as critrition in many hospitals to measuring the nurse caring behaviors.So the patients perception regarding nurse caring behaviors is largely associated with patients satisfaction.It is also important for nurses to develop a consciousness about their own perception regarding nurse caring behaviors that have positive impact on their practice and increase the patients' satisfaction.
Objective: The objective of the study is to measure the nurses and patients perception regarding nurse caring behaviors and patients satisfaction.
Methodology: Cross- sectional descriptive and co-relational study was conduct to measure the nurses and patients perception regarding nurse caring behaviors and patients satisfaction. Thirty six staff nurses (n=36) and ninety two patients (n=92) were selected for that research and caring behaviors inventory was used to measure the nurse caring behaviors and patient satisfaction instrument was used to measure the patients satisfaction.
Results: The results of the study showed the positive relationship between the patients' perception and patients' satisfaction but the nurses' perception and patients' satisfaction have negative relationship.
Conclusion: This study conclude that the nurses perception regarding nurse caring behaviors show negative relationship with patients satisfaction but the patients perception  show positive relationship with patients satisfaction. Positive and good behaviors of the nurses are most important for every hospital especially in government hospitals. Good nurses' behavior has positive effect on patient satisfaction and their care in every hospital.


The MODIS retrieval of aerosol optical depth (AOD, Remer et al., 2005) is an essential component of the 3D-AQS (3-Dimensional Air Quality System) collaborative project. In 3D-AQS, satellite, ground and lidar observations of aerosol will be collected and displayed in real-time for state and local air quality applications (Engle-Cox et al., 2007, this conference). Although AOD is effective at displaying major aerosol events over the United States, large data gaps due to cloudiness, sun glint and high albedo can impede the interpretability of the AOD imagery. This research explores the application of "inpainting" techniques to fill data gaps with interpolated values (Bertalmio et al., 2001). Unlike conventional interpolation techniques, inpainting preserves edge boundaries in all directions, which minimizes the appearance of interpolation artifacts. Results will determine the upper limits of the data gap size that can be effectively restored with inpainting, as well as the relative accuracy of inpainted values.


A quantitative analysis of the loads of total aerobic bacteria, Escherichia coli, Coliform and Staphylococcus aureus in operational units of chilled fresh Tabtim fish (hybrid tilapia Oreochromis sp.) production was collected from six steps of processing which were tested by 3M Petrifilm. The results of the total aerobic bacteria and E.coli indicated that the highest contamination step was the process that packed Tabtim fish in polyethylene bags after chilled fish at 4 °C for 7 days and that Tabtim fish was knocked which showed the level of contamination 4.4 · 10 4 , <10 CFU/cm 2 respectively. Therefore, total aerobic bacteria and E. coli results were not over the standard value in TACFS 7001-2004. Any way, the Coliform and Staphylococcus aureus indicated that the highest contamination step was the process which fish was wiped with sponge before being packed showed the level of contamination 6.6 · 10 3 and 3.4 · 10 2 CFU/cm 2 , respectively. No report has known before about the Coliform and Staphylococcus aureus in Tabtim fish. The results would be used to asses the critical point of chilled


12. Yamamoto, R., and C. H. Bigland. Egg transmission of Mycoplasma meleagridis. Poultry Sci. 45: 1245-1257. 1966. 13. Yamamoto, R., and H. B. Ortmayer. Localization and persistence of avian Mycoplasma in the genital system of the mature turkey. J.A.V.M.A. 150: 1331. 1967. 14. Yamamoto, R., H. B. Ortmayer, C. H. Bigland, M. L. Seely, and R. E. Corstvet. Isolation of "N" Mycoplasma from different sites of the turkey. Poultry Sci. 44: 732-736. 1965. 15. Yoder, H. W., Jr., and M. S. Hofstad. Characterization of avian Mycoplasma. Avian Dis. 8: 481-512. 1964.


Abstract : The purpose for preparing this handbook series is fourfold: (1) to validate KIOWA performance data quickly; (2) to reduce the manpower and time to prepare accurate flight profiles; (3) to standardize performance data so that the analysis community can benefit from a single reference in conducting studies; and (4) to provide a handbook that can be used for training in the mission profile planning area. This volume of the handbook contains tables with the precise performance data and format required to develop flight profiles for computer simulations.


This paper investigates the opinion dynamics on the adaptive networks with the community structure. A coevolution model of opinions and networks is proposed, in which the influence weights among agents can not be precisely obtained, and there exist the confidence heterogeneities and the frequency difference of exchanging opinion between the inner-community and the inter-community. A two-dimensional fuzzy inference system is designed to obtain the influence weights among agents' opinions, which deals with the difficulties that the influence weights can not be precisely obtained. The simulation results show that the imbalance levels between the inner-community confidence and the inter-community confidence not only affect strongly the average relative frequency of survival opinions, but also dominate the distribution of survival opinions. The polarization state of opinions easily appears in the population with the higher inner-community confidence, whereas when the inter-community confidence is higher, the system tends to exhibit a large number of small-size clusters and a plural state is achieved. Moreover, the simulation results also show that the convergence time to the stable state varies non-monotonically with the increase of the inner-community confidence or the inter-community confidence.


Abstract : Decision support tools for customized routines and scheduling of aircraft to support mission-critical travel has been developed and implemented. The system has been installed for operational use by (USAFE).


Impurities in excitonic insulators are classified into two categories corresponding to non-magnetic and magnetic impurities in the case of superconductivity. Electrical conductivity, thermoelectric power and thermal conductivity are calculated for the cases of respective impurities. The heat current in existence of the vector potential A ( x , t ) is discussed. In order to understand the thermoelectric power of Cr and its alloys it seems necessary to assume the different sizes of the fermi spheres for electrons and holes, respectively.


We present the explicit expressions in = 8 supergravity for the bosonic 4-particle tree and 1-loop amplitudes including vectors and scalars. We also present the candidate 4-point UV divergences in a form of helicity amplitudes, corresponding to 3-loop manifestly = 8 supersymmetric and Lorentz covariant counterterm. This may shed some light on the 3-loop finiteness of = 8 SG and on a conjectured higher loop finiteness. We perform a supersymmetric deformation to complex momentum of the 4-point generating function including higher-loop counterterms and the 1-loop UV finite amplitudes. Using the explicit form of the scalar part of the 3-loop counterterm and of the 1-loop UV finite scalar 4-point amplitudes we find that they both have an unbroken E(7,7) symmetry. We derive from E(7,7) symmetry the low-energy theorem for the 1-loop n-point amplitudes.


OBJECTIVE To analyze the effect of management of antibiotics before and after integrated interventions through cross-sectional survey of current status of the use of antibiotics,so as to further promote the reasonable use of antibiotics.METHODS Cross-sectional survey of the use rates of antibiotics before(2008) and after(2010) the integrated intervention was conducted for statistics,comparison,and analysis.RESULTS The use rate of antimicrobial drugs decreased from 55.7% in 2008 to 49.5% in 2010,the difference was statistically significant(P0.01);the therapeutic use rate rose from 43.8% in 2008 to 54.8% in 2010,and the prophylactic use rate dropped from 38.2% in 2008 to 33.4% in 2010,the difference was statistically significant(P0.01),the therapeutic use rate,single-drug use rate,and the submission rate of etiology were significantly improved after the interventions,the use rate of antibiotics and the use rate without indications were remarkably decreased.CONCLUSION The integrated clinical intervention can help to achieve the purpose of standardized use of antibiotics step by step.


This article offers an analysis of the Spanish experimental film Duracion (Duration, Paulino Viota, 1970), vindicating its unique nature as an example of both structural film and expanded cinema, as well as its original political dimension, considering the work not only as the film but also as the event of its tumultuous screening on the 6th of February 1970 in Bilbao. Each aspect of the film's approach is analysed in detail, placing it in relation to the context of experimental film of the time, and considering its similarities and differences to the work of filmmakers like Andy Warhol, as well as contemporary music, particularly the relationship between John Cage and the minimalist music movement, shedding light on the film's thought-provoking reflection on the relationship between time and duration and on the very nature of cinema itself.


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An individual's perception plays an important role in determining the decisions that people make involving the use of public transportation. An individual's perception about the qualities of transit service might differ from the objective measures ("reality") of service quality used by planners to make and evaluate decisions. This study explores the roles of perception and "reality" of transit service quality as influences on the attitudes and behaviors of two different groups of transit dependent riders after a major service change in Tallahassee, Florida. Using a combination of community surveys, key informant interviews, and agency data, the study finds that perception mattered more than "reality" as an influence on the attitudes and behaviors of the two groups. The need for more effective outreach to understand the reasons that individual perception might differ from the objective measures used and understood by transit professionals also emerges as an important lesson of the study.


The WGC was formed in 1987 by some of the world's leading gold mining organizations to stimulate and maximize "demand for, and holding of, gold by consumers, investors, industry, and the official sector." The WGC works to drive demand with marketing initiatives, reduce regulatory barriers to widespread gold ownership, develop distribution systems, and promote gold as a reserve asset for central banks. The organization promotes ethically, socially, and environmentally responsible practices in mining, production, distribution, and sales of gold and gold products. The Web site (www.gold.org) provides free information in support of these purposes for use by investors, consumers, and government officials. To support the gold jewelry industry, it provides information for designers, craftsmen, distributors, and retailers, which includes technical data, marketing information, fashion events and competitions, and other support. Numerous technical papers about scientific, industrial, and medical uses of gold are included on the Web site as general information for investors. Users are asked to register, at no charge, for access to some of the information provided.


Muons are fundamental particles similar to electrons which can be created by cosmic rays bombarding the top-of-the-atmosphere. These muons can be detected on the ground using plastic scintillator, a photo-multiplier tube and a discriminator. Since muons are unstable particles, this setup allows the measurement of the mean lifetime of muons an important quantity in a number of topics such as testing special relativity or calculating the strengths of the Weak and Higgs interactions. Using the equipment, you will conduct a research project by initially measuring the lifetime of muons from cosmic rays followed by your own independently motivated research.


The 200 kW PC25 fuel cell power plant has demonstrated the intrinsic characteristics of fuel cells: high electrical and overall efficiency over a wide range of loads, rapid transient response, quiet operation and low emission of controlled pollutants. The power plants are designed to an industry standard and certified by an independent agency. Permitting approval for power plant installation has been achieved with minimal problems.

The standard production power plant has been installed in a wide range of climates, operated on natural gas with compositions delivered in over 100 cities and 19 countries, and connected to many different electrical systems. A number of installations are fueled with waste gas from the anaerobic digestion process in waste water treatment plants. It has been applied to a variety of buildings in a number of electrical and thermal configurations. By the first half of 2002, the more than 200 power plants in the installed fleet had accumulated five million operating hours. Routine maintenance interval while the power plant is operating has reached six months. Individual units have exceeded 40 000 operating hours without overhaul and power plant availability in the high 90s has been demonstrated.

The primary factors limiting broader application of the power plants are high power plant cost and a lack of knowledge of the fuel cell characteristics and benefits.

Keywords:

power plant;
phosphoric acid fuel cells;
electrical efficiency;
heat recovery;
emissions of controlled pollutants;
transient response;
natural gas;
waste water treatment;
overhaul period;
availability


A new locus of wild house mice tolerantly infected with the virus of lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) has been identified in the United Kingdom. Evidence is presented which indicates that these mice were the source of infection in a laboratory mouse breeding colony, the mode of transmission probably being bites on tails and limbs exposed through wire-grid flooring. The results of an experiment which simulated indirect exposure of SPF mice to tolerantly infected wild mice supported earlier observations that without injury to the epidermis the risk of spread of infection from the infective urine, saliva or faeces is low.


This paper presents a super-resolution process control system for maintaining good super-resolution performance. Our idea for the maintenance is that the already existing head control system is developed by adding head's rotation velocity constraint and reference governor to guarantee acquisition of the specified number of images used for the super-resolution process. An effectiveness of the development is confirmed via experimental verification, compared to our previous work.


We investigate the roles of consumer knowledge and sociodemographic factors in the consumption of meat products at home and away from home. Results indicate that health knowledge decreases consumption of beef and pork and increases consumption of poultry at home and away from home but does not affect fish consumption.


The optimal algorithm for estimating the velocity of a two-point source in the Fresnel zone of a receiver antenna with space-time processing of the source signal is synthesized by the maximum-probability method. The correlation matrix of estimates of the unknown parameters of the source are found. A device for estimating the velocity of a two-point radiation source is proposed, and an example of its use is given.


In this paper we present a control system based on robust control, which was developed for the regulation of the pressure gradient at the output of a die. In addition, to model the dynamics of the process, we have chosen a second order model with dead time and the identification of
 dynamical parameters is performed by using the Marquard-Levenberg optimization method. However, to cover the entire range of operation, we were forced to consider two models. The results of the simulation obtained with the robust control are satisfactory.


Note. —This article and the articles in the previous issues ofThe Journalare part of a series published under the auspices of the Council on Pharmacy and Chemistry. Other articles will appear in succeeding issues. When completed, the series will be published in book form.—Ed. The modern concepts of endocrinology have made it necessary to revise the obsolete humoral pathology of the ancients, which predicated four essential "humors"—blood, phlegm, black bile and yellow bile. Before the presence of hormones circulating in the blood had been demonstrated, the interpretation of many phenomena could be explained only by a humoral hypothesis. Today this hypothesis has been verified. The first direct evidence by a specific test of hormones circulating in the blood was offered simultaneously and independently by Loewe1and his collaborators and by me and my group.2Since then other hormones have likewise been demonstrated in the circulation. This contribution aims


Until the Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA) comes up with acceptable tariff guidelines or the courts definitively rule on the validity of regulations governing prescribed minimum benefits (PMBs), internecine warfare in the healthcare industry is set to continue.
That is the effect of last month's dismissal by the Supreme Court of Appeals (SCA) of an application by the Board of Healthcare Funders (BHF) to have declared invalid a year-old finding by the High Court in Pretoria. In November last year, Judge Cynthia Pretorius found that the BHF had no locus standi1 to ask for a ruling on the correct interpretation of Regulation 8 of the Medical Schemes Act.


This thesis deeply analyses the function of a production line base on valve engineering theory. By using the basic principle and method of value engineering, the product design has been improved; the product cost has been decreased; the product valve has been increased. A solution comes out finally. This case can prove the valve engineering is the effective way to improve the product competitiveness for companies competing in the market.


Since 2016, GHGSat has been operating the world's first and only satellite specifically designed to monitor methane emissions from industrial facilities around the world. The lessons learned through the success of this demonstration satellite have been incorporated into the company's next two satellites, the first of which was originally scheduled to launch in September 2019 but was delayed as a result of a rocket failure. The satellite's technology is ideally suited to the oil and gas industry, particularly unconventional developments in which a high density of facilities can be present. This paper introduces the technology briefly and discusses the predictive analytics applications being developed to augment the efficacy of the satellites in detecting methane emissions. An example of successful application of the predictive analytics engine to detect a methane leak in the Delaware Basin in New Mexico is presented. Parallels are drawn between shale basins in the US and the Surat Basin in Australia, highlighting the applicability of the technology for the oil and gas industry in Australia.


It is necessary to use gradient transfer of FDI and agricultural technology progress to achieve coordinative development of urban and rural areas for speeding up the transition of economic developing mode in current.On the basis of "Push-pull" theory,this paper constructs an analytical framework of "integrated model" that includes FDI,agricultural technology progress and transference of redundant rural labor force,and makes empirical study based on the panel data of 28 Chinese provinces from 1996 to 2009.Results from the whole country show that,the "pull" of FDI and the "push" of agricultural technology progress both have significant positive impacts on promoting the transference of redundant rural labor force.The real urban-rural income disparity and the size of non-agricultural industries have significant positive "pull" impacts too."Intermediate power" plays complex roles,such as labor market flexibility has a significant positive impact,while the urban unemployment rate is all the other way.For diverse areas,the real urban-rural income disparity has a significant positive impact in the eastern,but appears contrary to the central and western on the transference of redundant rural labor force,and the unemployment rate is insignificant.The "pull" of FDI in the eastern is much higher,but the "push" of agricultural technology progress is significant lower than the central and western.


The onion (Allium cepa L.) is the third most cultivated vegetable and has great socioeconomic importance worldwide. Because it is highly perishable and has greater demand than supply, many post-harvest losses occur, most of them caused by inadequate storage conditions affecting the bulbs quality. This study aimed to evaluate the postharvest quality of onion as a function of fertilization with micronutrients, using the cultivar "Rio das antas". The experiment was divided into two stages: field and laboratory. In the field, an experiment was installed between June and December 2019 at Experimental Farm Rafael Fernandes, in completely randomized blocks with nine treatments and four replications. The treatments consisted of the combined doses of B, Cu and Zn. In the laboratory, the experimental design was in completely randomized blocks in 9 x 4 split-plot design, with four replications. The treatments (micronutrients B, Cu and Zn) were arranged in the plots and the storage times were arranged in the subplots (0; 20; 40 and 60 days after harvest). Bulb firmness, soluble solids (ºBrix), total soluble sugars and pungency were evaluated. The data were subjected to statistical analysis as a function of storage time, by the Sisvar program, applying regression analysis. The combined application of doses of 1-4-1 kg.ha-1 of Boron, Copper and Zinc, respectively, presented the best results for pungency, firmness and sugars during storage, this being the most recommended treatment for not significantly different from higher doses, promoting more efficient use of inputs.


A study of La/sup 3+/ and Ce/sup 3+/ ions in solutions LiCl 0.1 M; BrN(CH/sub 3/)/sub 4/ 0.1 M; LiCl 0.1 M-50% ethyl alcohol; CaBr/sub 2/ 0.1 M- ethyl alcohol 50%; KCl 0.1 M-ethyl alcohol 50%; MgCl/sub 2/ 0.1 M-50% ethyl alcohol; and LiCl 0.1 M-80% ethyl alcohol was carried out. In all cases one polarographic wave was found, due to an irreversible process governed by diffusion. By using the Ilkovic equation and microcoulombic methods, it was determined that the number of electrons taking part in the electrochemical transfer is three. The reduction of La/sup 3+/ and Ce/sup 3+/ takes place, in the conditions herein studied, in one only stage M/sup 3+/ yields M/sup 0/. Interesting data for the use of these polarographic waves for analytical purposes are presented. (auth)


In power system analysis and optimisation, the B-coefficient loss formula is frequently used to estimate network losses. However, given the rapidly increasing penetration of renewable generations and responsive demands, nodal power injections of modern power systems appear to be highly variable, deteriorating the accuracy of the traditional B-coefficients loss formula. To address this issue, several typical variants of direct current power flow approximations combining with two different least square methods are streamlined in a unified framework, spawning several improved least square-based methods to estimate B-coefficients in network loss formula. The improved methods relax the restrictive assumption in existing literature that bus load is linearly dependent on system load, and account for load distribution variability, hence remarkably enhance the accuracy of B-coefficients estimation with highly volatile nodal power injections. Case studies performed on IEEE-39 and RTS-96 bus systems demonstrate that the enhanced methods outperform traditional ones.


We present an experimental study of a buoyancy-driven, low-Reynolds-number (Re < 1) exchange flow of two Newtonian fluids in a vertical cylindrical pipe (length 1 m and diameter 38.4 mm) connecting two fluid reservoirs. The denser, more viscous fluid was golden syrup and the less dense, less viscous fluid was a golden syrup–water solution; the ratio of the viscosities of the two fluids (β) ranged from 2 to 1180. Flows were initiated by removing a bung in the base of the upper reservoir or sliding out a gate positioned at the top, middle or bottom of the pipe. We observe the flows over long time durations (up to 356 h), and define the development of the flow with reference to a non-dimensional time (τ). The initial transient development of the flow was dependent on which of the two fluids initially filled the pipe, but this did not systematically affect the flow regime observed at τ ≫ 1. Two distinct flow regimes were observed: axisymmetric core-annular flow (CAF), in which the less viscous fluid occupies a cylindrical core and the denser fluid flows downwards in an annulus, and side-by-side (SBS) flow where both fluids are in contact with the pipe and there is a single interface between them. CAF formed at β ≥ 75 and SBS flow at β ≤ 117. In several experiments, for 5 ≤ β ≤ 59, a slowly developing transitional SBS (TSBS) flow was observed where SBS flow and CAF occurred simultaneously with SBS in the lower portion of the pipe; SBS existed throughout most of the pipe and in one case grew with time to entirely fill the pipe. Velocity profiles determined by tracking tracer particles show that the observed CAFs are adequately described by the formulation of Huppert & Hallworth (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 578, 2007, pp. 95–112). Experimental SBS velocity profiles are not well produced by the formulation of Kerswell (J. Fluid Mech., 10.1017/jfm.2011.190), possibly because the latter is restricted to flows whose cross-section has an interface of constant curvature. Despite the variations in flow regime, volume fluxes can be described by a power-law function of β, Q1 = 0.059 β−0.74. A comparison of experimental data with the theoretical approaches of Huppert Hallworth (2007) and Kerswell (2011) indicates that fluids are not arranged in the regime that maximises volume flux (e.g. SBS or CAF), nor do they adopt the geometry that maximises volume flux within that particular regime.


The design and the preliminary measurements results of a multichannel, variable gain front-end electronics for luminosity detector at future Linear Collider are presented. The 8-channel prototype was designed and fabricated in a 130 nm CMOS technology. Each channel comprises a charge sensitive preamplifier with pole-zero cancellation circuit and a CR-RC shaper with 50 ns peaking time. The measurements results confirm full functionality of the prototype and compliance with the requirements imposed by the detector specification. The power consumption of the front-end is in the range 0.6–1.5 mW per channel and the noise ENC around 900 e - at 10 pF input capacitance.


An experimental investigation has been carried out to study the pressure drop, turbulent flow heat transfer in a tube with rod-pin inserts. The test section was electrically heated, air was allowed to flow as the working fluid. Air velocity, air inlet, outlet temperature, local wall temperature and the pressure drop were measured to analyze the friction factor, the Nusselt number, the heat transfer coefficient .Heat transfer and friction factor are compared with that of plain tube. The results indicated that as much as threefold improvement might be obtained in the turbulent flow heat transfer coefficient. A correlation was developed for prediction of the heat transfer coefficient.


What teacher most influenced you? Why? The aforementioned questions were posed to the theme editor's two classes during the fall 2004 semester. Responses follow below in no specific order. Cameron Lowe, Extension Agent 4-H & Youth Development Agent Graduate Student North Carolina State University The teacher that made the biggest difference in my life was Mr. James Guard, Agriculture Education teacher at Currituck County High School. Before becoming immersed in agriculture classes, I really had no idea what my professional interests or career goals were. Whether consciously or not, Mr. Guard surveyed my talents and interests and got me involved in the appropriate areas of the program. I learned a lot about agriculture under his tutelage, but also, I learned a lot about my ambitions and myself for my future. Olivia Calandruccio PSU Student Teacher Keith Junior High Altoona, Pennsylvania My favorite teacher was a young, vibrant, caring chemistry teacher. She showed me that women can succeed in science and helped me realize that I wanted to spend my life teaching science to the younger generations. Lucee Flint Kassier University Employee Graduate Student and Proud Daughter North Carolina State University The teachers who have made and continue to make the biggest difference in my life are my parents. Not only are they (in my completely unbiased opinion) the best parents in the world, but also they are fair, honest, hard working, and admirable. They have taught me the importance to live by the Golden rule, to strive to bring out the best in others and to give others the best in myself. They teach by actions, not just by words. To many people in our small hometown, they serve as mentors and it shows in the respect that they receive. Amy Mallard Andrews Agriculture Agent- Livestock & Forages Graduate Student North Carolina State University The teacher that made the biggest difference to me was my high school Spanish teacher. Her name was Janice Fisher and she was always so full of energy! She laughed and smiled and used every minute of class time to teach us something about Spanish. She allowed us to pack our book bags, and while we waited for the bell to ring, she used flashcards during the last few minutes of class. When something happened at school that made us upset, she would always listen to our side of the story and encourage us with good advice. She was our friend and teacher. Shane McKee Businessman in Livestock Nutrition Graduate Student North Carolina State University The teacher that I valued the most was my high school agriculture teacher. He was the type of man who made learning fun for the entire class and me. …


Summary Medicinal plants constitute an important component of flora and are widely distributed in India. The pharmacological evaluation of substances from plants is an established method for the identification of lead compounds which can leads to the development of novel and safe medicinal agents. Desmostachya bipinnata Stapf is an official drug of ayurvedic pharmacopoeia, belongs to the family of Poaceae/Gramineae. The various parts of this plant were used extensively in Indian traditional and folklore medicine to cure various human ailments like wounds, asthma, thirst, jaundice, vaginal discharges, vesicle calculi, diseases of bladder and skin eruptions, also used as analgesic, antipyretic, anti inflammatory, diuretic etc. Based on the ethno pharmacological literature, this medicinal plant which was used in traditional medicine in India was collected. In the present study, four different concentrations of hydro alcoholic extract of Desmostachya bipinnata (10, 100, 500 and 1000 ppm) was screened for cytotoxicity In Vivo using brine shrimp lethality test in comparison to vehicle control. The results were expressed as mean percentage death of shrimp at 24 hours. In this study, hydro alcoholic extract of Desmostachya bipinnata failed to show extreme levels of toxicity with all doses of the plant showing shrimp survival of greater than 50% at the highest concentration tested which was 1000 7g/ml. However, the plant showed certain level of toxicity of 17.4 and 42 % death at 500 and 1000 ppm respectively with an LD 50 value of 1215.929 ppm. So, the results of present study revealed that Desmostachya bipinnata show variable levels of toxicity at high concentrations and the quantity of consumption of this herb by humans should be minimized and measures should be taken to avoid poisoning to animals and safe for human consumption.


Picea carassifolia,Potentilla fruticosa,Caragana jubata are dominant plants in Qilian Mountain.This paper discussed the effect of variational temperature and soil moisture on germination of three species at the simulative condition in laboratory.The results showed that soil moisture was the most important factor for germination of Picea carassifolia and Potentilla fruticosa,whose germination capacity and index were improved remarkably when the soil moisture was 22%. And enhancive rainfall would benefit for their germination.The proper temperature for germination of Picea carassifolia and Potentilla fruticosa was about 15~25℃.Lower temperature was good to improve the germination capacity and index of Caragana jubata.None of three species can germinate at 35℃.The difference of germination velocity of three species revealed their characteristic adaptation to the habitat.


The present work examines third party observer responses to overheard service failures. Two experiments show that third party observers punish servers and the establishment due to a desire for revenge toward the server and unfavorable attitudes toward the establishment. A third experiment reveals that customers no longer hold negative attitudes and intentions toward the firm if management intervenes during the service failure, but will continue to punish the service employee. Results offer theoretical and practical insights to researchers and service providers.


This article presents the results of exploratory research with community college students from non-dominant linguistic backgrounds (NDLB) in an introductory astronomy class as they collaborated to reconstruct dynamic cosmology visualizations through drawing. Data included student discourse during the drawing activity, post-activity interviews, and the drawings themselves. This work comes from the theoretical perspective that revealing student competence should be an essential part of science education research, and is guided by sociocultural theory. Results indicate that dynamic cosmology visualizations can support the development of cosmological literacy by facilitating heterogeneous sense-making strategies. The activity of drawing the visualizations in groups created fluid, hybrid spaces where students could grapple directly with cosmology content while trying on the language of science. In light of these findings, the author argues that carefully incorporating collaborative activity around the interpretation of visualizations into learning environments can improve access to cosmology content for learners, particularly those who come from non-dominant linguistic backgrounds. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach


Many attempts have been made to isolate plasma thromboplastin. These efforts were reviewed by Quick (1947), and it is apparent that the globulin substance isolated at that time is what is now known as anti-haemophilic globulin. Shinowara (1951) obtained two separate components from the blood cells and the plasma respectively, which he claimed to have an activity identical with that of tissue thromboplastin only if used together. Chargaff & West (1946) gave evidence of the presence in normal blood of a protein fraction sedimentable by high-speed centrifuging which had thromboplastic activity similar to that of tissue cells. Campbell & Stefanini (1953) claimed the adsorption by barium sulphate from human plasma of a substance which when eluted by sodium citrate accelerated the clotting of normal and haemophilic plasmata. They called this substance plasma thromboplastin. The causes of failure to isolate plasma thromboplastin are manifold. It was difficult, until recently, to define plasma thromboplastin and to differentiate between its activity and that of tissue thromboplastin. The presence of thrombin, together with plasma thromboplastin in serum, complicated the characterization of thromboplastin (Jacox & Bays, 1949). Plasma thromboplastin, as will be shown in this paper, is a very labile substance, and the amount obtained from plasma is very small and difficult to preserve. Defining plasma thromboplastin as the substance responsible for the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin in the presence of calcium chloride, Biggs, Douglas & MacFarlane (1953b) differentiated between it and substances such as brain extracts, Russell's viper venom and trypsin, all of which need to react with other factors in order to acquire full thromboplastic activity. They also demonstrated (Biggs, Douglas & MacFarlane, 1953 a) that platelets, anti-


Daniel J . Amit is Professor of Physics at the Hebrew University, Jerusalem. His book is a rigorous exposition of the application of mathematical techniques of statistical mechanics to the analysis of the dynamics of a class of idealized neural networks. These are nets in which each idealized neuron is connected to all or most of the others but not to itself, which have fixed point attractors, and which have mathematically tractable dynamics. The fixed point attractors are specific stable states of activity to which the net converges from any of a large number of starting states. When a net has arrived at an attractor state some neurons should be firing at near maximum rate and others should be silent. It is proposed that these states are the memories or "concepts" of the system, and that their properties are of relevance to higher cognitive functions. The first two chapters introduce the philosophy and elements of the approach. The use of energy, or Lyapunov, functions for analyzing the dynamics of such systems is then presented in detail, and is used to analyze the behaviour of nets with symmetrical connections (i.e. where the strength of the connection from A to B is the same as that from B to A). Calculation of the maximum number of input patterns that can be learned and retrieved with less than a specified level of error is one of the major uses to which this analysis is addressed. In contrast to what is commonly claimed, it is the number of connections that determines this capacity rather than the number of neurons. Noise is shown to have the potentially valuable capability of reducing the probability that the system will become stuck in a "spurious" state formed by the interaction of distinct learned states. The effects of removing the requirement of connection symmetry, of constraining the connection strengths, of using patterns in which only a small proportion of the neurons are active, and of allowing them to have some hierarchical structure are all rigorously analyzed. This book is not about "parallel distributed processing" or "connectionism" in the sense in which these have become familiar to psychologists. For example, back-propagation, the algorithm most used by connectionist simulations of cognitive processes, is mentioned only to explain its absence.


Chiral symmetry and unitarization are combined into generalized Breit‐Wigner expressions describing scalar resonances, which contain free parameters and allow flexible descriptions of masses, widths and pole positions. This theoretical tool is especially designed to be used in analyses of low‐energy data.


Periodic disease – monogenic hereditary disease with an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance, which is found among the populations of the Mediterranean region. The method of boundary dehydration of biological fluids explored the texture of the oral fluid of 62 children with recurrent disease in the stage of exacerbation and remission. It is established that in remission of the disease occurs signs protective of biomineralization in the form of crystallization plate textures oral fluid. During exacerbation of the disease first detected troponosti two components of the oral fluid vane textures and epithelium cells of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity. It is established that an early sign of exacerbation of recurrent disease is troponosti epithelial mucous membranes of the oral cavity plate textures.


A Mufassir is like a jewel for Muslims. His task is very important in providing a true understanding of the verses of the Qur'an which is the word of Allah SWT. Since the Qur'an was revealed in Arabic and understanding its contents is necessary to tadabbur and observation, then this study examines one of the most important aspects that need to be mastered by a mufassir which is to know and understand the Arabic language. The purpose of this study is to dismantle the importance of the elements of the Arabic language for a mufassir, further examine the great impact of the Arabic language in understanding the Qur'an. Similarly, identify the basic knowledge in the branch of Arabic language that needs to be mastered by a commentator. This study uses a descriptive method by collecting the views of scholars of tafsir and the Arabic language of the past on the importance of mastering and understanding the Arabic language and then study and draw conclusions from it. The study found that understanding the Qur'an is one of the most important requirements in Islamic law and cannot achieve understanding of the Qur'an except by mastering the Arabic language. In addition, in understanding the Qur'an there are some important sciences that are listed largely under the branch of Arabic language. In addition, the law of learning the Arabic language is Fardhu Kifayah for Muslims.


Background: Now a day, globally diabetes is one of the most common chronic noncommunicable diseases globally. In our study to assess, the clinical characteristics and complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The main aim of the present study was to evaluate the complications among diabetic patients in different age groups. Methodology: It's a Prospective-observational study, carried out in 9 months at patients attending a tertiary care hospital in Guntur. We enrolled age group between 3080 years patients. Results: Out of 215 patients, males were 122 and females were 93. Above 50% of patients were diagnosed within the age group of 51-65 years. About 61% of patients were having overweight based on BMI ranges and about 63% of patients were at high risk of HbA1C i.e., >6%. The mean age was found to be 51-65(50.97%). Out of all comorbidities, it was found that hypertension 112 (52.09%) was high. The complications associated with diabetes found in the present study were microvascular complications which include microvascular complications, nephropathy (n=63) was high followed by neuropathy (n=53); retinopathy (n=31), and males (n=108) were more prone than females (n=80). Drug therapy was monotherapy 106(49.30%) and dual therapy 29 (13.48%). Triple therapy 7 (3.25%) usage was less when compared to mono and dual therapy. Conclusion: Based on our study interpretation, the complications of DM are commonly seen in those are having uncontrolled glucose levels. Among microvascular complications, nephropathy was most commonly observed, followed by neuropathy also. Enhancing level of HbA1c and BMI was found to be a more significant correlation with neuropathy in most of the individuals.


It is a known fact, that three-dimensional FE-Simulations are very slow, which prevents their usability in larger system models. In this paper, a Matlab/Simulink model for a TFM is developed to enable fast simulations of complete drive systems with power converters and other components. The model is derived by incorporating precomputed FEM data into a Matlab function, thereby allowing a 4.2 million times faster computation while keeping the accuracy of a FE-Model. The model is tested with a field-oriented controller and compared to conventional FE-Simulations.


Poly(L-lactide acid)(PLLA) biodegradable polymer microparticles were prepared using solution-enhanced dispersion by supercritical fluids(SEDS).The influences of pressure,temperature and concentration of PLLA solution on the size,morphology and distribution of microparticles were studied.The mean diameter of the spherical microparticles was 5-26 μm.The size of microparticles decreased as the pressure increased,and the size and the distribution of microparticles increased as the concentration increased but were not significantly affected by system temperature.However,they could be affected with the decrease of glass transition temperature of PLLA in the supercritical fluid-CO2 system,resulting in larger size and wider distribution of microparticle diameter.The small size and narrow distribution of micropariticles could be obtained under high pressure and low temperature.


Trayvon Martin: The Unsettling Symbol, the Irreplaceable Son Joy Simmons Bradley Pursing Trayvon Martin: Historical Contexts and Contemporary Manifestations of Racial Dynamics. Edited by George Yancy and Janine Jones. Lexington Books, Lanham, MD. 2012. ISBN: 978-0-7391-7882-9. 302 pp. Hardcover, $75.Pursuing Trayvon Martin is an interdisciplinary anthology that is theoretically rigorous. A wide range of critical scholars is represented in this volume, including "scholars in the areas of anthropology, law, history, criminology and criminal justice, gender and women's studies, Africana studies, political science, religious studies, psychology, and philosophy" (p. 18). The twenty essays these critical scholars have written seek to historically ground and make meaning of the killing of Trayvon Martin on February 26, 2012, a young black teenager who was armed only with skittles and iced tea. Though this anthology was published mere months after Martin's death, an impressively fast turnaround time for academic work of this caliber, the essays are deeply insightful and tightly argued. The only thing that betrays the sheer speed with which this volume was constructed is the sense of immediacy in each of the essays. One gets the sense that understanding the event is incredibly urgent, that the lives of young black men hang in the balance. This is a book that could not wait. While it makes a seminal contribution to the field of critical philosophies of race, this book is much more than that. It models strategies for combating white supremacist discourse. As such, it is profoundly unsettling.In much of the media coverage of the Martin killing, we see a key tactic of white supremacy. There is a concerted effort to decontextualize and dehistoricize the deadly encounter between George Zimmerman and Trayvon Martin, effectively covering over the involvement of racialized perception. In their essay, "Now You See It, Now You Don't: Magic Tricks of White Supremacy in the United States," Jaqueline Anderson, Sarah Lucia Hoagland and Anne Leighton unveil the "conjuring tricks" whereby racism is disappeared and ignored. In a sly sleight of hand, centuries of racism surrounding the killing have been made to vanish and are replaced with the "real" problem: guns, Martin's hoodie or the "fact" of his threatening appearance, to name a few. These issues are nothing but distractions. Another move made by white supremacy to conceal the racism involved in the encounter between Zimmerman and Martin is to "[f]rame the event as a discourse about individuals" (p. 29). Anderson, Hoagland and Leighton describe this as a strategy of "focused distraction" (p. 29). Decontextualize Zimmerman and Martin. Construct the event as an encounter between two individuals who are unrelated in any way by the history of race relations in the U.S. Then, in this "post-racial age," we can see the killing as an "anomaly" that is "not relevant to the body politic" (p. 30). Remarkably, this collection of essays strategically counters these conjuring tactics by uncovering what white supremacy seeks to veil: the long, troubling history of anti-black racism in the U.S., which permeates the relational field between black and white bodies. This recontexualization is essential to the unsettling of white supremacy.In his essay, "Dead Black Man, Just Walking," William David Hart makes the startling claim that Martin's death was a "post-mortem event" (p. 91). To be black and male in America is to be already dead. Hart draws a parallel between the condition of blacks during enslavement and the situation in which black Americans find themselves today. To be enslaved is to be socially dead, which means biologically alive, and yet permanently alienated and marked for death. While black Americans are not subject to the social death of enslavement, many are imprisoned and thus civilly dead, having lost the rights and privileges of citizenship. All black people, including Martin, are on "virtual probation. …


THE MORE we reflect upon our comparison chart of US and Soviet technical information systems, the more questions we have about national approaches to the dissemination and use of scientific and technical information. At this time, the scientific information organizations in both countries are in a state of flux. But just how are they going to be organized? And why? The issue seems to be: Can a centralized scientificinformation structure provide better service to scientists and engineers than a decentralized one? In the United States, the national intent is reflected in the &dquo;June 1963 Status Report on Scientific and Technical Information


For the first time Pr3+ (1-11 mol %) doped Y2O3nanophosphors were synthesized by ultrasound supported sonochemical method using mimosa pudica (MP) leaves extract as bio-surfactant. The obtained product was heat treated at 700°C for 3 h and used for characterization. The powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) profiles of nanophosphors showed cubic phase structure. The sonication time and concentration of bio-surfactant play a vital role in tuning the morphologies of Y2O3. The particle size was further confirmed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and it was found to be in the range of 20-30 nm. The band gap energy of the phosphors were estimated by making use of diffuse reflectance spectrum (DRS) and the values were found to be in the range of 5.67 – 5.80 eV. Under 447 nm excitation wavelength, the photoluminescence (PL) emission spectrum was recorded. The PL emission spectra consist of sharp peaks centred at 554, 612 and 738 nm and were attributed to 3P0→3H5, 3P0→3H6, and 3P0→3F4 transitions respectively. The 5 mol% Pr3+ doped Y2O3nanophosphors showed maximum intensity. Further CIE and CCT were estimated and found that the color coordinates lies in between (0.593, 0.412) and (0.358, 0.544) respectively. Results obtained evident that the phosphor was highly useful in display device applications.


Abstract A non-invasive temperature measurement, control and profiling technique has been investigated for use with thermomechanical fatigue loading. The technique utilises an infrared thermography camera and Rolls–Royce developed thermal paint to control and monitor cyclic temperature. Thermal paint is used to maintain a stable surface emissivity upon the test piece. The accuracy of the technique is compared against type N thermocouples and a pyrometer for both temperature control and monitoring purposes. Diverse test specimen geometries and alloy compositions are used over a 100–700°C temperature range. Effects on temperature measurement accuracy such as thermocouple shadowing are highlighted and quantified. The non-invasive technique has proved accurate to within ±2°C of the reference thermocouples when in combination with the thermal paint coating.


Smart metering represents an interesting field, where IoT can bring huge benefits to collect and analyze water and environmental data. However, it presents well-known issues such as the presence of high heterogeneity at the hardware, software, and network layers. This is even amplified by the vendors' tendency to adopt proprietary solutions and different low-power wireless communication protocols for IoT sensors and metering devices. Realizing an interoperable platform for the collection and analysis of smart Water and environmental data metering thus becomes a complex task, that needs to address multiple requirements at several levels, starting from the collection of data on the field (IoT sensors, smart meters) and its processing on Cloud Computing platforms. The Water 4.0 project, which involves a collaboration between universities and private companies, including Dipietro Group, aims at addressing these challenges. This paper presents the comprehensive smart environmental data metering solution that we realized within Water 4.0, that enables data collection, data-processing, and Over-The-Air (OTA) for IoT devices, with the ultimate goal of reducing water losses and monitoring water quality.


As oil spills cause harm to the survival and environment of the ocean, the objective of the present paper is to study the oil migration range using the key indicator kv, which is defined as the ratio of oil spill speed to ocean current speed. The correctness of diffusion models created and estimated for subsea oil spills can be verified by experiments. We also considered the effect of key indicators on the horizontal and vertical dispersion ranges of oil spills. The study's findings show that, under various kv settings, the horizontal and vertical spreading heights of oil spills both increase as kv rises. When kv is equal, the leakage velocity and water flow velocity increase synchronously, and over time, the horizontal distance and vertical diffusion height of the oil spill gradually increase. In the early stages of an oil spill, when kv = 50, 100, or 150, the vertical spreading velocity will rapidly decrease. The vertical spreading speed of spilled oil increases as kv rises when the water flow rate remains constant. The horizontal migration distance grows as kv decreases when the leakage rate is constant. Fitting curves for the vertical rise height and horizontal spreading distance for the same and various kv settings were also obtained in order to anticipate the migration mode of oil spills. This is critical for dealing with environmental damage caused by maritime oil spills, as well as emergency responses.


The existing and hidden problems in waterway construction and comprehensive utilization of water resources are revealed, the reasons of producing the problems are studied, train of thought for solving the problems are researched and suggestions on policy measures which shall be taken are put forward.


Many studies have pointed to the increasing importance of knowledge management (KM) in the competitive knowledge-intensive global economy of today. KM is particularly important for catching up economies since they have to learn to convert their learning process from a 'passive' to an 'active' form in aiming to become full-fledged economies. This paper examines the standards setting and compliance processes as a case of knowledge management, looking at the salmon farming industry in a catching-up country, Chile. This industry in Chile is of particular interest, not only because of high and rapid growth but also for its intensive learning process. By observing the standards compliance process, this paper illustrates how the Chilean salmon industry achieved the transformation from 'passive' to 'active' learning and intends to go even beyond the learning stage through enhancing its collective capability through a meso-level institution, the Association of (Chilean) Salmon Industries. This example may have lessons for catching-up through natural resource based industries in other developing countries.


Abstract Background The impact of oncology drug regulatory approvals on population-level patient (pt) outcomes is often unknown. Before targeted therapies, chemotherapy treatment of stage IV melanoma resulted in minimal OS improvement. To understand how PD-1 inhibitor approval influenced OS in treatment eligible stage IV melanoma pts, we assessed OS before and after the US Food and Drug Administration approval date of pembrolizumab (P), a second generation (2nd gen) immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI), in a cohort treated with targeted therapies. Methods US-based pts diagnosed with stage IV melanoma from 1/1/2011 to 3/31/2019 and receiving BRAF/MEK inhibitors or ICI in first-line (1L) in the deidentified nationwide Flatiron Health electronic health record-derived database were eligible. We used a multivariable Cox model indexed to 1L start and adjusted for age. Follow-up time relative to approval of P (9/4/2014) was a time-varying covariate. Results Of 882 pts, 692 (78.5%) started 1L after P approval. Of those, 40.6% (n = 281) received 2nd gen ICI and 27.3% (n = 189) received combination ICI therapy in 1L. During pre-approval, 56.3% (n = 107) received 1L first gen ICI (CTLA-4 inhibitor). Pre-approval pts were younger than post-approval pts (median 64.0 [IQR: 57.0, 72.8] vs 68.0 yrs [IQR: 58.8, 77.0]; p  Conclusions Introduction of 2nd gen ICI therapy was associated with longer OS in stage IV melanoma pts treated with targeted therapies. Future analyses could assess outcomes relative to regulatory approvals for specific subpopulations, such as those who would have been excluded from trials. Legal entity responsible for the study Flatiron Health, Inc. Funding Flatiron Health, Inc., independent subsidiary of the Roche group. Disclosure A.Z. Torres: Full / Part-time employment: Flatiron Health, Inc., which is an independent subsidiary of the Roche Group; Shareholder / Stockholder / Stock options: Flatiron Health Inc. (initiated before acquisition by Roche in April 2018); Shareholder / Stockholder / Stock options: Roche. R. Mathur: Shareholder / Stockholder / Stock options: Roche; Full / Part-time employment: Flatiron Health, Inc., which is an independent subsidiary of the Roche Group. K. Maignan: Full / Part-time employment: Flatiron Health, Inc., which is an independent subsidiary of the Roche Group; Full / Part-time employment: Roche; Shareholder / Stockholder / Stock options: Flatiron Health Inc. (initiated before acquisition by Roche in April 2018). M. Tucker: Shareholder / Stockholder / Stock options: Flatiron Health Inc. (initiated before acquisition by Roche in April 2018); Shareholder / Stockholder / Stock options: Roche; Shareholder / Stockholder / Stock options: Flatiron Health, Inc., which is an independent subsidiary of the Roche Group. K.J. Ciofalo: Shareholder / Stockholder / Stock options: Flatiron Health Inc. (initiated before acquisition by Roche in April 2018); Shareholder / Stockholder / Stock options: Roche; Full / Part-time employment: Flatiron Health, Inc., which is an independent subsidiary of the Roche Group. K.R. Carson: Full / Part-time employment: Flatiron Health, Inc., which is an independent subsidiary of the Roche Group; Shareholder / Stockholder / Stock options: Roche; Shareholder / Stockholder / Stock options: Flatiron Health Inc. (initiated before acquisition by Roche in April 2018). All other authors have declared no conflicts of interest.


Vitamin D-resistant hypophosphatemic osteomalacia associated with 1,25(OH)2D3 deficiency, hyperphosphaturia, renal pan-aminoaciduria and glucosuria in a 27 year old woman was cured by resection of a benign osteoblastoma in her knee, with concomitant correction of these abnormalities. Correction of serum 1,25(OH)2D concentration by oral 1ƒ¿(OH)D3 administration alone raised serum phosphorus level and %TRP, but not to normal levels. A tumor-derived substance is postulated to cause reversible impairment of proximal renal functions, leading to hypophosphatemia due to impaired reabsorption and to 1,25(OH)2D3 deficiency due to impaired formation, both of which caused osteomalacia. Both intramuscular injections of tumor-homogenate and intravenous infusion of the patient's pre-operative urine in rats increased urinary phosphate excretion significantly. Thus, phosphaturic substance was proved to exist both in the tumor and urine, which supports the above mentioned hypothesis.


Objective:In acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), high-frequency oscillation (HFO) improves oxygenation relative to conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV). Alveolar ventilation is improved by adding tracheal gas insufflation (TGI) to CMV. We hypothesized that combined HFO and TGI (HFO-TGI) might result in improved gas exchange relative to both standard HFO and CMV according to the ARDS Network protocol. Design:Prospective, randomized, crossover study. Setting:A 30-bed university intensive care unit. Patients:A total of 14 patients with early (<72 hrs in duration), severe (Pao2/Fio2 of <150 mm Hg and prerecruitment oxygenation index of 22.8 ± 1.9 [mean ± sem]), primary ARDS. Interventions:Patients were ventilated with HFO without (60 mins) and combined with TGI (6.1 ± 0.1 L/min, 60 mins) in random order. HFO sessions were repeated in inverse order within 24 hrs. HFO sessions were preceded and followed by ARDS Network CMV. Four recruitment maneuvers were performed during the study period. During HFO sessions, mean airway pressure was set at 1 cm H2O above the point of maximal curvature of the respiratory system expiratory pressure–volume curve. Measurements and Main Results:Gas exchange and hemodynamics were determined before, during, and after HFO sessions. HFO-TGI improved Pao2/Fio2 relative to HFO and CMV (174.5 ± 10.4 vs. 136.0 ± 10.0 and 105.0 ± 3.7 mm Hg, respectively, p < .05 for both) and oxygenation index relative to HFO (17.1 ± 1.3 vs. 22.3 ± 1.7, respectively p < .05). Pao2/Fio2 returned to baseline within 3 hrs after HFO. During HFO-TGI, shunt fraction and mixed venous oxygen saturation improved relative to CMV (0.36 ± 0.01 vs. 0.45 ± 0.01 and 77.8% ± 1.2% vs. 71.8% ± 1.3%, respectively, p < .05 for both). Paco2 and hemodynamics were unaffected by HFO sessions. Respiratory mechanics remained unchanged throughout the study period. Conclusions:In early onset, primary, severe ARDS, short-term HFO-TGI improves oxygenation relative to standard HFO and ARDS Network CMV.


Objective: This study aims to provide empirical evidence about the effect of macroeconomic conditions (inflation and GDP growth) and governance (control of corruption, stability politics, and voice and accountability) on private participation in PPP infrastructure projects in Indonesia as proxied by a total investment of PPP project.
Design/Methods/Approach: This study uses secondary data with annual data for the period 2003 to 2019. The data sources are obtained from the World Bank Database (WGI, WDI, and PPI).
Findings: The results show that inflation, GDP growth, and stability politic have no significant effect on the total investment of the PPP in Indonesia. Meanwhile, control of corruption has a significant positive effect on the total investment of PPP, and voice and accountability have a significant negative effect on the total investment of PPP projects in Indonesia.
Originality: This study differs from previous research since variables such as inflation, GDP growth, political stability, corruption control, voice, and accountability have never been used in the Indonesian context.
Practical/Policy implication (optional): These findings are likely to imply government to improve corruption control so that private participation in PPP projects increases and increasingly involves citizens' participation in PPP projects.


The need to design a model of a throttling device, which is used in the process of low temperature separation (LTS) of moisture from the gas flow, is predetermined by the necessity to coordinate the modes of functioning of the throttle with the modes of the heat exchanger and the separator that are included in the installation of separation. Proceeding from the task of efficient management of the process of the LTS of moisture from the gas flow, we analyzed a channel of control of the flow of gas under throttling. The peculiarity of managing the process of separation of moisture is in the contradiction between the productivity of the gas flow and the conditions of moisture removal. In order to study the influence of parameters of a throttle on the formation of the modes of passing flow, a distribution of the field of the flow velocities is obtained in the software environment of ANSYS Workbench. Visualization of the flow stream allows analyzing the level of turbulence of the flow under throttling and forecasting the trajectory of moisture droplets formed at throttling. By comparing the data obtained from the experimental installation with the data of numerical calculations, carried out in accordance with wellknown mathematical models of the flow under throttling, we conducted the assessment of the adequacy of the description of the object of control. It is shown that the assumption of incompressibility of natural gas when evaluating the rate leads to significant errors. As a result of the identification of the parameters of a throttling device, its simulation was implemented in the environment of MatLab Simulink. Block construction of the model allows performing simulation under conditions of arbitrary nature of the change in the parameters of the process over time. The assessment of the adequacy of simulating a throttle device allows using the studied model for constructing a model of an installation of moisture separation from gas flow.


This article analyses the poetical thought in the linguistic discourse characterizing Geoffroy Tory's Champ fleury (1529). On the one hand, we will underline how Tory is indebted to the treatises of "Seconde Rhetorique" and to the metapoetic developments in the Rhetoriqueurs' poetry. On the other hand, we will show the significance of disciplinary reorganisation through this re-using of the poetic tradition. This double approach will allow us to consider Tory's linguistic discourse as the location where the poetical thought is transformed since the middle of the XVth century. In this perspective, the work of Tory can be linked to emergence of new disciplines in the XVIth century, as grammar, literary history and diachronic lexicology.


Background It has been reported that antibody testing could improve diagnostic efficiency of COVID-19 infection. However the IgM/IgG changes in asymptomatic and discharged patients with reoccurring positive RT-PCR test (RP) remained elusive. Methods 111 patients with positive RT-PCR test and 40 suspected patients were enrolled. We evaluated the diagnostic performance of IgM/ IgG antibodies. Furthermore, the IgM/IgG levels with the disease progress in asymptomatic and RP patients were analyzed. Results Of the 111 RT-PCR positive cases, 17 (15.5%), 42(38.2%), 22 (20%) and 30(27.0%) were categorized into severe, common, mild and asymptomatic group respectively. We find sensitivity and specificity for IgM of 63% and 92.5%, for IgG 77.8 and 95 % respectively. Combining the IgM, IgG and CT we find the best overall performance with95.1 % sensitivity, 75 % specificity. The median IgM and IgG levels were lower in asymptomatic group (IgM0.37, IQR: 0.24-0.78, IgG0.38, IQR: 0.17-1.45) than symptomatic group (IgM1.73, IQR: 0.56-3.74, IgG5.67, IQR: 0.79-18.5) (P < 0.01). All asymptomatic cases were not tracked to infect others. Among 15 RP cases, IgM levels of RP group at the time of discharge (IgM2.79, IQR: 95-5.37) and retest (IgM 2.35, IQR: 0.88-8.65) were significantly higher than those of NRP group (IgM on discharge: 0.59, IQR: 0.33-1.22, IgG on retest: 0.92, IQR: 0.51-1.58). Conclusion Persistent low levels of IgM/IgG in asymptomatic patients may be correlated to less possibility of conversion to symptomatic cases as well as low infectivity. An elevated IgM level may have implications for the identification of RP patients before discharge


This paper presents a review with 41 references on bioremediation ofoilor oil products contaminat ed soil and groundwaterin the past several years. Many aspects are discussed ,such as the types of remediedsoils ,the degraded pollutants,separation and selection ofstrainsfor oil degradation ,effects ofthe added nutri tion or other substances ,and some available techniques of bioremediation .


The study of laser-induced ultrafast magnetization dynamics is crucial for the development of information recording technology. Due to the complex mechanism, there is still a lack of comprehensive understanding for ultrafast magnetization dynamics. As an essential stage of laser-induced ultrafast magnetization switching process, the transient ferromagnetic like state (TFLS), has attracted much attention. Different from other studies on TFLS through the difference of magnetization dynamics between rare-earth and transition-metal, our study mainly focuses on the influence of energy injection and relaxation on TFLS in the process of ultrafast magnetization dynamics. The influence of various parameters on the formation of energy exchange dependent TFLS is studied. The results of simulation well support our view. Understanding the mechanism behind the TFLS is of great significance to promote the application of laser-induced ultrafast magnetization switching.


The article examines the ontological prerequisites of regional creative paradigmatics on the example of the formation of a new Donetsk literature. The Creation concept is chosen as an identification marker repeated in the works of famous Donetsk poets (Boris Lastovenko, Natalia Khatkina, etc.) and Donetsk philologists (Mikhail Girshman, Vladimir Fedorov, etc.). The author analyses poems from N. Khatkina's debut poetry collection «Touch» (1981), characterizing its literary and conceptuality, as well as a polemical orientation in relation to the methodological principles of the Donetsk philological school. The main theses of M. Girshman's theory of integrity and V. Fedorov's cosmogonic concept are also presented. The integrity category is shown as the main integrating principle of the Donetsk philological school, which, accordingly, tested philological integrity. It is claimed by Donetsk philologists to be a universal principle of the artistic world. M. Girshman's theory is complemented with the philological cosmogony by V. Fedorov who proceeds from the premise of literature as the root quality of the universe, since «In the beginning was the Word». Accordingly, philology appears as an internal form of all sciences and all forms of knowledge. Based on the thematic similarity and conceptual correlation of the leading Donetsk poets and philologists and in view of their mutual independence, a hypothesis is expressed about the presence of a common geopoetic premise of their creativity, and the laws of the Creation are interpreted as an ontology of creative predestination. As one of the confirmations of this assumption, the author's literary experiments are presented.


We have witnessed a sharp rise in the quest for a methodologically sound analysis of the "migration,"1 "transfer,"2 and "borrowing"3 of concepts between different legal systems.4 At the time of its foundation as a modern federal state in 1848, the Swiss Confederation (Switzerland) formed a republican island in an ocean of monarchies in the heart of Europe. The foundation of the United States of America, in turn, may be viewed as the first large-scale experiment in federal republicanism in the modern era, having been initiated at a time when what today constitutes Switzerland was a rather loose confederation of...


The conditions for light-beam induced current (LBIC) measurement were experimentally optimised for dye-sensitised solar cells. The impacts of too fast a laser diode modulation frequency (f) and too short a dwell time (t0) were investigated for their distortions, artefacts, and noise on the overall photocurrent map image. Optimised mapping conditions for fastest measurement were obtained at a f = 15 Hz and t0 = 900 ms. Whole device maps (nominal area 4 × 4 mm2) were obtained on devices in which fabrication defects were intentionally induced. The defects were readily resolved with the LBIC setup and conditions. The inclusion of defects had the effect of broadening the photocurrent distribution and producing a sub-optimal tail to photocurrent histograms. Photoactive areas were derived from LBIC maps and were larger than those predicted by the projected screen printing pattern by up to 25%, which has obvious implications for efficiency measurements made on nominal projected active area.


This paper gives a rather general view on the L1 norm criterion on the area of data analysis and related topics. We tried to cover all aspects of mathematical properties, historical development, computational algorithms, simultaneous equations estimation, statistical modeling, and application of the L1 norm in different fields of sciences.


In collaborated online technique traffic prediction methods is proposed with distributed context aware random forest learning algorithm .The random forest is ensemble classifier which learns different traffic and context model form distributed traffic patterns. One major challenge in predicting traffic is how much to rely on the prediction model constructed using historical data in the real-time traffic situation, which may differ from that of the historical data due to the fact that traffic situations are numerous and changing over time. The proposed algorithm is online predictor of real-time traffic, the global prediction is achieved with less convergence time .The distributed scenarios (traffic data and context data) are collected together to improve the learning accuracy of classifier. The conducted experimental results on prediction of traffic dataset prove that the proposed algorithm significantly outperforms the existing algorithm.


This article suggests that restriction of European-guarantees of freedom of religion entailed by the prohibition of the burqa in France cannot be justified on grounds that it is oppressive to women or that the burqa is offensive. However, prohibition may be upheld by the Strasbourg Court in so far as it applies to the social arena. The article suggests that the idea of rights in the context of social life and a duty to restrict one's expressive rights to appropriate occasions may provide the strongest justification of the French legislation.