After 20 years of development,China's private express enterprises have made considerable progress,and secured a foothold in the domestic express delivery market.But in the face of competition from state-owned express enterprises and foreign express enterprises,their own disadvantages will become the block of its further development and expansion.This article,through the analysis on private express enterprises' internal and external environment,makes it clear the private express enterprises' advantages and disadvantages,and finds the opportunities and threats of exterior environment,and puts forward the specific strategies for the development of private express enterprises.


The NuMI (Neutrinos at the Main Injector) facility produces an intense neutrino beam for experiments. The NuMI Beam Monitoring system consists of four arrays of ion chambers that measure the intensity and distribution of the remnant hadron and tertiary muon beams produced in association with the neutrinos. The ion chambers operate in an environment of high particle fluxes and high radiation.


Seed treatment is a low-cost and efficacious method to deliver a diversity of compounds to field crops. This study evaluated the uptake of seed-applied Cu by maize and the effect on seed vigor. The treatments were composed of a control (untreated seeds) and five dosages of Cu: 0.11, 0.22, 0.44, 0.88 and 1.76 mg Cu seed–1, applied as cuprous oxide and copper oxychloride formulations. Seedling emergence and the speed of seedling emergence were determined in three periods: 1, 60 and 120 days after Cu application. Evaluations of root and shoot dry mass, Cu tissue concentration and efficiencies of Cu uptake and incorporation were conducted with two-leaf stage maize plants. Seed-applied Cu reduces the speed of maize seedling emergence, while the final emergence percentage is not affected. Shoot dry mass tends to increase with the application of Cu, while there is no interference on root dry mass within the dosages tested. Cu tissue concentration of both roots and shoots increases as higher dosages of Cu are applied to seeds, with higher accumulation in roots. Cuprous oxide promotes higher uptake of Cu by maize roots compared to copper oxychloride.


We describe here a strategy for the synthesis of HyperMacs - long-chain branched analogues of hyperbranched polymers. The building blocks for HyperMacs, AB 2 macromonomers, are synthesized by living anionic polymerization and, as such, are well-defined in terms of molecular weight (MW) and polydispersity. Size exclusion chromatography (SEC) studies show that the nature of the coupling reaction used to generate the highly branched HyperMacs results in branched polymers with a distribution of MWs and architectures. Solubility studies show that, in certain cases, a significant weight fraction of the resulting HyperMacs forms insoluble, swollen gels when added to a good solvent, and SEC analysis shows that a modest weight fraction of the soluble polymer has a "very high MW", in excess of 10,000,000 g mol -1 . Although an AB 2 coupling reaction should, in theory, not lead to a "crosslinked" network, such is the efficiency of this reaction that the resulting polymers appear to behave as semi-interpenetrating networks.


This proposed work discusses about the grid tied inverter for wind energy conversion system with a direct drive permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) based variable speed wind turbine. Output voltage varies both in frequency and magnitude during variable-speed operation, due to this, dc-link voltage changes in an uncontrolled manner. By interfacing Inverter unit dc-link voltage is controlled which was referred to as Grid Tie Inverter (GTI). It is a power inverter that converts the direct current (DC) into alternating current (AC) with an ability to synchronise to interface with a utility. The gate pulses of the grid tie inverter are generated by comparing the grid voltage taken as a reference signal with a carrier signal. Here, grid tie inverter output voltage is changed corresponding to the grid voltage. If the Turbine rotates below the cut in speed, wind generator generates power below the rated level. In this time, the dc-link capacitor generates the reactive power which is supplied to the grid. Continuous supply to the grid is achieved which was considered as major objective.


Objective : To develop and validate simple, sensitive, precise and free of organic solvents method for the determination of sildenafil (SIL) and vardenafil (VAR) in bulk and pharmaceutical formulation. Methods : The method is based on the reaction of studied drugs with a mixture of potassium iodide and potassium iodate in an aqueous medium at (25±2 °C) to form yellow coloured triiodide ions (I 3 - ) within 45 min. The reaction is followed spectrophotometrically by measuring the absorbance at 288, 351 nm and 285, 351 nm for sildenafil and vardenafil respectively. Results : The effects of analytical parameters on the reported systems were investigated. Beer's law of SIL was obeyed in the range of (0.4-12) μg ml -1 and (0.6-16) μg ml -1 . Molar absorptivity was found to be (67.659 ×10 3 ) lmol/cmand (37.955×10 3 ) lmol/cm at 288 nm, 351 nm respectively. Beer's law of VAR was obeyed in the range of (0.2-13) μg/mland (0.5-40) μg/ml. Moreover, molar absorptivity's were found to be (68.719 ×10 3 ) l mol -1 cm -1 and (26.691×10 3 ) l mol -1 cm -1 at 285 nm, 351 nm respectively. Conclusion : The proposed method has been applied to determine the components in dosage forms with an average recovery of 98.15% to 103.45% and the results have been found in good agreement with those results obtained by the reference methods .


By using data on 204 National Key Laboratories of China during the period 2006–2009, this paper investigates how openness influences scientific innovation and technological innovation, which are measured by publications and patents respectively at the laboratory level. The results of the estimation of negative binomial regression models indicate that: the links with industry, international cooperation, and the proportion of non-permanent staff all have significant effects on publication output, and both the links with industry and the proportion of non-permanent staff have a U-shape relationship with publication output, while international cooperation has an inverted U-shape with publication output. International cooperation and the proportion of non-permanent staff also have significant effects on patent output, and international cooperation has an inverted U-shape with patent output, while the proportion of non-permanent researchers is negatively associated with patent output. This paper also reveals the relationship between scientific innovation and technological innovation. Relevant policy suggestions are put forward on how to improve scientific and technological innovation of public research organizations from the perspective of open innovation model.


Summary Globally, weedy plants are a major constraint to sustainable crop production. Much of the success of weeds rests with their ability to rapidly adapt in the face of human‐mediated management of agroecosystems. Alopecurus myosuroides (blackgrass) is a widespread and impactful weed affecting agriculture in Europe. Here we report a chromosome‐scale genome assembly of blackgrass and use this reference genome to explore the genomic/genetic basis of non‐target site herbicide resistance (NTSR). Based on our analysis of F2 seed families derived from two distinct blackgrass populations with the same NTSR phenotype, we demonstrate that the trait is polygenic and evolves from standing genetic variation. We present evidence that selection for NTSR has signatures of both parallel and non‐parallel evolution. There are parallel and non‐parallel changes at the transcriptional level of several stress‐ and defence‐responsive gene families. At the genomic level, however, the genetic loci underpinning NTSR are different (non‐parallel) between seed families. We speculate that variation in the number, regulation and function of stress‐ and defence‐related gene families enable weedy species to rapidly evolve NTSR via exaptation of genes within large multi‐functional gene families. These results provide novel insights into the potential for, and nature of plant adaptation in rapidly changing environments.


Stemming the Tide: Can New Approaches to HIV Treatment Reverse the Trend of Rising Drug Prices in the United States? Serena P. Koenig and Jean W. Pape Division of Global Health Equity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Haitian Study Group for Kaposi's Sarcoma and Opportunistic Infections, Port-au-Prince, Haiti; and Center for Global Health, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York


It is widely recognized that most environmental problems, challenges and solutions are transboundary, regional or global in scope. The environment is an area where states and stakeholders are cooperating extensively and progressively.This Manual seeks to provide a comprehensive overview of the current body of environmental law. It is aimed at legal stakeholders from all backgrounds including government representatives, judges, university professors and students to enable them to more effectively participate in the global, regional and national efforts to preserve our Earth for future generations.


The invention discloses a simple method for preventing and controlling wireworms during early spring watermelon cultivation in a greenhouse and belongs to the technical field of gardening. In fields where wireworm harm happens frequently, the wireworm harm is effectively prevented through scientific management of a greenhouse environment mainly according to the characteristics of the early spring watermelon cultivation in the greenhouse and the wireworms without pesticide usage. The simple method has the advantages of being simple in operation, low in cost, free of pollution, good in effect and the like and can be applied to production of early spring watermelons cultivated in the greenhouse.


Starting from a combination of Maxwell's laws for the electromagnetic field and the conservation. equations for a fully ionized plasma, the appropriate equations describing electrodynamic laser propagation and plasma dynamic particle motion are developed and solved. Calculations for multiply ionized transient conditions are carried out to yield electric field amplitudes, radial electron number density distributions and the progress of formation of a self-focused beam filament as a function of the target plasma density distribution and the laser pulse power-time history, among other parameters. Separate solutions emphasizing field-induced plasma motion on the one hand and significant beam contraction on the other are illustrated.


The local bond stress slip behavior is a fundamental property required for the analysis and design of concrete structures at both serviceability and at ultimate limit. The addition of fibers has been shown to significantly improve the bond between normal strength concrete and steel reinforcement but little work has investigated the bond between reinforcing and ultra high performance fibre reinforced concrete (UHPFRC). In this paper a series of 69 pull tests are carried out on UHPFRC with either short straight or long hooked steel fibers including mixes where the two fiber types have been blended. The results of this study were combined with the results from existing literature to regress a material model for the bond slip behavior between UHPFRC and ribbed steel reinforcing bars. Importantly, it is shown that models for normal strength fiber reinforced concrete cannot be extrapolated to UHPFRC.


The maximum curvature of the greater sciatic notch and two standardized indices were calculated for use in the sexing of human hip bones. This was done by means of quadratic regression of the contour points of the greater sciatic notch. The new variables are not directly affected by the osteometric landmarks (e.g. ischial spine, tubercle of the piriformis, and posterior inferior iliac spine) which determine the greatest width of the notch. These landmarks are, however, known to be ill-defined on occasion, but nevertheless have been used to derive the conventional depth-to-width index and angles of the sciatic notch. The curvature parameter and its new indices were applied to the sciatic notch of 164 Japanese hip bones of known sex (104 males and 61 females). The accuracy of the new variables in the determination of sex was assessed and compared with that of the conventional indices and angles of the sciatic notch. The best discriminating variable was found to be the posterior angle with an accuracy of 91%. The new parameters of the present study that represent localized shape of the sharply curved edge of the notch diagnosed sex with an accuracy of 88%. In paleoanthropological or forensic cases, using the maximum curvature of the sciatic notch and its indices may be applicable to sexing the hip bones of specimens with postmortem damage.


Provided are a micro-beam generation unit and a small-angle x-ray scattering device that make it possible to have a compact structure and simultaneously photograph non-isotropic images with a high signal-to-background ratio. For the purpose of detecting diffracted X-rays using a one-dimensional detector or two-dimensional detector, a micro-beam generation unit (110) generates X-rays that are to be irradiated on a sample and have a small spot size, and is provided with a slit (115) that is disposed on the path of the X-rays and shapes the X-rays into a parallel beam and two channel-cut crystal monochromators (117, 118) that are disposed in a (+, -, -, +) configuration and remove parasitic scattering from the parallel beam shaped by the slit. As a result, it is possible to have a compact structure and simultaneously obtain non-isotropic images with a high signal-to-background ratio.


The present invention, while the base of the base film 10 was provided on the outside only a start terminal 21. The common terminal 23 and end terminal 24, the outer loop pattern 31 and naegwak loop pattern 33. The connection pattern in a state to be connected by a (32), a start terminal outside the loop pattern 31 ranging from the common terminal 23 from 21, and Kane implement the first mode communication (40), from the start terminal 21 connection pattern 32 to pass naegwak loop pattern 33, with the outer loop pattern 31 up to the end terminal 24 is to Kane implementing the second mode, a wireless communication (50), particularly in the second mode, a wireless communication (50 ) the invention relates to a mobile terminal radio communication antenna to receive a double guarantee an outer loop pattern 31 of the implement is extended with up to the naegwak loop pattern 33 times, including a non-contact magnetic induction coupling.


As a clean and renewable energy resource, wind energy is the most mature, environmentally friendly, and most commercially developed new energy resource in the world. Therefore, it is of great importance to determine the best location of wind farms to ensure the sustainable development of wind energy. However, since wind farm site selection often involves multiple criteria, which include qualitative and quantitative criteria, there may be conflicts between these criteria, so wind farm site selection is a complex multi‐criteria decision‐making (MCDM) problem. Therefore, the objective of this study is to propose a novel integrated MCDM approach using a fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and satisfaction degree‐based fuzzy axiomatic design (AD) to determine the optimal onshore wind farm site under a hybrid decision information environment. First, based on the literature review and experts' opinion, the evaluation index system for wind farm site selection is built from a sustainable perspective, which includes geographic, technical, economic, social, and environmental criteria. Second, fuzzy analytic hierarchy process is applied to determine criteria weights. Third, the satisfaction degree‐based fuzzy AD is employed to evaluate and rank alternatives under a hybrid decision information environment. Finally, a case study is used to illustrate the reliability and advantages of the method proposed in this paper. In addition, the information content of each alternative is calculated by aggregating the evaluation matrix of experts, and the results are IC1 = 0.058, IC2 = 0.096, IC3 = 0.16, IC4 = ∞, IC5 = ∞, and IC6 = 0.226. Then the satisfaction degree of each alternative is S1 = 0.629, S2 = 0.545, S3 = 0.501, S4 = 416, S5 = 389, and S6 = 0.463. Thus, the best wind farm site is A1. Moreover, the results show that the method proposed herein is flexible and can effectively deal with the wind farm site selection problem. Although this paper chooses China as a case study, the proposed method herein is also applicable to other countries or regions.


: The integration of engineering knowledge is an important concept in modern engineering, and the innovative function of expanding and integrating engineering knowledge is performed in the engineering industry. This is particularly evident in today's mega-scale, long-term engineering construction projects with multi-disciplinary and multi-field integration. Modern engineering technology is an integrated knowledge system supported by large-scale computing technology, and it has become the global consensus in engineering circles under the expansion and popularization of artificial intelligence (AI) technology. Model-based systems engineering (MBSE) is the systematic engineering of knowledge as opposed to an engineering knowledge system. Based on the latest developments in artificial intelligence, Chinese scholars could benefit from model-based systems engineering lessons, summarize practical experiences from major projects such as the lunar exploration project, and develop an engineering science with Chinese characteristics to better serve major future engineering practices in China.


ABSTRACT In this article, we develop an asset pricing model with investor sentiment and public information, in which there is a shock of public information on investor sentiment. We find that public information has a significant effect on asset price, and the impact of investor sentiment on asset price depends on the proportion of sentiment investors and the public information shock on investor sentiment; furthermore, the shock of public information on investor sentiment can significantly impact the asset price, price stability, and public information efficiency; more importantly, if there are sentiment investors in the market, there cannot be a market equilibrium in which price can fully reflect the public information. Our results highlight the combined effect of investor sentiment and public information on the asset price, the mechanism of public information shock on investor sentiment, and how the shock impacts the asset pricing.


This paper gives adjusted and applied cases of cable mounted and inner strain gauge balance measuring system made for FL 8 low speed closed wind tunnel.The cable mount and inner balance system used a shell inner balance.The shell inner rod was the balance and was attached to the model.The shell with attached to the balance was a mounted body.One end of the cables was attached to forward/aft two hanging points on the shell.The another end of the cables was attached to tensioning devices of the cables fixed to gear ring above the ceiling turntable and the matching loads below floor turntable out of the wind tunnel.The ranges of the angles of the system were α=±360°,β=±65° for the fighter aircraft model using side hanging and α=±65°,β=±360° for the civil aircraft model using horizontal hanging.The testing results indicated that cable mount declined oscillation of the model generated by the support as compared with sting and strut mount.At this case interference of the support decreased.The quality of testing data would improve once more.


The article is devoted to the questions of the standard bases for the formation and evolution of the law-enforcement system of the Republic of Tajikistan. The author recognizes the fact that in the conditions of the accelerated development of the globalization processes and the involvement of the states into supranational integrative processes, there is a need to improve state and legal system, first of all the law-enforcement system. The standard bases of the reform of the law-enforcement system and the main directions of implementation of the state programs directed on strengthening of crime control, strengthening of legality, and law and order, anti-corruption, ensuring effective functioning of the judicial and legal system and the law-enforcement bodies are defined. The author comes to the conclusion that reforming of the law-enforcement system


Three layers structure is widely used during website building. In this paper, the author found most dynamic websites with database are common in structure after studying many dynamic websites. So author raises a new website structure model that dividing a website by function modules, not by layers. Based on this new structure, the developer can build a common dynamic website just by putting the necessary modules together. It's easy and fast, even for common users.


In United States v. Skilling, the United States Supreme Court narrowed the reach of the federal honest services fraud statute in order to avoid holding the statute unconstitutionally vague. The decision subjected the Court to substantial criticism, both from those who believe that the Court improperly engaged in legislation and those who believe that the Court should have deferred to Congress and left the statute in place. This article provides a soft defense of the Skilling decision, and a critique of Congress's proposed response to the decision. The article argues that the honest services statute indeed created a vague crime that failed to provide fair notice to potential defendants or to cabin prosecutors' discretion. But, in light of Congress's complicity in creating the overcriminalization and overfederalization crises, the Court probably took the best (or least bad) route in attempting to provide rational boundaries for honest services prosecutions. Finally, the article analyzes proposed legislation designed to overturn Skilling, concluding that the legislation would do nothing to solve the vagueness challenge that Skilling addressed.


The government and administration of the late medieval church is often said to have relied upon bureaucratic 'machinery'. Using unpublished documents from the archive of Benedict of Ferriby, official of the archdeacon of Stow in the later thirteenth century, the author argues that bureaucracy was not simply mechanical and that ecclesiastical administration depended on personal relations and local knowledge. The operation of pastoral care and ecclesiastical justice in the localities is illuminated, the use of documents is discussed, and the role of the laity in these operations is explored.


Based on the temporal correlation and function complement between morphological methods and theory of inventive problem solving(TRIZ) on generating and analyzing the principle solutions in product design process,a double-matrix integrated model which combined morphological matrix and conflict resolving principles was proposed.The model system consists of concept model,process model and relation model which build models from approach idea,design process and relations between methods respectively,and follows a top-down spiral design approach.Based on the background of systematic design approach,the applicable scope of morphological analysis is extended to concept level by the model,and the combination capability of principle solutions can be analyzed,so that the coupling problems can be found in the early front-end of design process;the conflict resolving principles ars used on generating solutions and solving design decoupling in order to ensure the continuity of the design process and the creativity of the results.Taking the innovative development process of a hand driller as an example,the application process of the double-matrix on new product design and the implementation of the nested sub-cycle on variant design were validated,and the flexibility and operability of the model when facing deferent designing problems were proved.


Edition and Translation of the Kriyakalagunottara. Possession is a condition that continues to be a fact of life in most South Asian contexts. The realities of physical and mental illnesses were fertile ground for texts with practical remedies in mind. There is a class of texts, known as Bhutatantras, that is solely concerned with curing possession and related illnesses. An allied genre, whose texts are known as Garudika is concerned with the classification of snakes, treatment of snakebite, and illnesses caused by other venomous creatures. The Kriyakalagunottara is an early Saiva text that combines the two genres. It is, in fact, the locus classicus of the Bhutatantra and Garudika genres. The text survives in a half-dozen Nepalese manuscripts and one partial manuscript held in Jammu. Its thirty-five chapters deal with everything from the warding off of snakes and scorpions to various techniques of combatting childhood and adult possession. In many ways, it is a cross between a religious and folk-medical text. (...)


IN THE immunofluoreseent diagnosis of gonorrhea previously described (1-3), a direct and a delayed procedure for identifying gonococci in exudates have been used. When sufficient number of gonococci are present in the exudate, direct fluorescent antibody (FA) staining of smears permits detection and identification of the gonococci within less than an hour even when many contaminating bacteria are present. When the direct FA method is used, the presence of only a few gonococci in an exudate results in a 50 percent loss of sensitivity compared with results by the delayed FA method (1). By the delayed FA method, exudate collected with a swab is incubated 16 to 20 hours on chocolate agar slants, and gonococci too few to detect by the direct FA technique groiw to easily observable numbers. Rapid diagnosis of gonorrhea is often necessary, and the longer time required with the delayed FA method is undesirable. When the simpler, faster, direct FA procedure is used, differentiation of specific Neisseria gonorrhoeae fluorescence is difficult even when the organisms are present in sufficient numbers to permit identification. Various counterstains have been reported to increase the effectiveness of the FA method (4-6). These counterstains allow faster and more specific detection of microorganisms in smears by increasing the background contrast. Careful attention to the collection of specimens for direct smears is necessary for the successful detection of gonococci. It has been suggested (7) that the use of a bacteriological loop is preferable to a swab for the collection of specimens from female gonorrheal patients, particularly when a small amount of exudate is present. In this study the results of examination of smears by the direct FA (DFA) method and by the direct FA method using Flazo orange counterstain (FFA) were compared with the cultural results when specimens were obtained with a bacteriological loop.


This paper intends to present results from a study of young people's perceptions of science, engineering and technology (SET) and the influence of outreach activities. The poor uptake of SET subjects has long been considered a problem in Britain and many outreach initiatives exist to encourage an improvement in this area. At the University of Glasgow we are carrying out a long-term study of young people's perceptions of SET and the role of outreach initiatives in promoting it. The initial results of the study illustrate quite dramatically, that there are marked differences between pupil's enjoyment of SET subjects and their perceptions of these subjects for future careers. These differences are particularly stark in the case of girls where, even at age 10 or 11, the percentage considering a career in SET already lags behind boys by a large margin. Our research also suggests that it is not sufficient to offer exciting SET outreach activities and that a much deeper understanding of perceptions of SET subjects is required. It is the intention of our long-term project to address this issue and to make recommendations for those involved in the development of SET education.


An analysis of the uterotonic potencies of all analogs having substituted L- or D-tyrosine or -phenylalanine in position 2 and L-arginine, D-arginine or D-homoarginine in position 8 was made. The series of analogs already published was completed by the solid phase synthesis of ten new analogs having L- or D-Phe, L- or D-Phe(2-Et), L- or D-Phe(2,4,6-triMe) or D-Tyr(Me) in position 2 and either L- or D-arginine in position 8. All newly synthesized analogs were found to be uterotonic inhibitors. Deamination increases both the agonistic and antagonistic potency. In the case of phenylalanine analogs the change of configuration from L to D in position 2 enhances the uterotonic inhibition for more than 1 order of magnitude. The L to D change in position 8 enhances the inhibitory potency negligibly. Prolongation of the side chain of the D-basic amino acid in position 8 seems to decrease slightly the inhibitory potency if there is L-substituted amino acid in position 2. On the other hand there is a tendency to the increase of the inhibitory potency if there is D-substituted amino acid in position 2.


The effect of various aromatic and aliphatic dielectrophiles on the lithium azaenolates of 2-alkyl-2-oxazolines and 2-alkyl-2-thiazolines has been examined. This effect varies greatly, depending on the nature of the dielectrophile used. 3-Aminoindene (3) and 3-alkylidenephthalimidine (4−5) derivatives were formed as a result of the reactions with dielectrophiles derived from ortho-substituted benzonitriles. Similarly, 2-alkylidenepyrrolidine (7) and 2-alkylidenepiperidine (8) derivatives were obtained in high yields from 2-alkyl-2-oxazolines or 2-alkyl-2-thiazolines and aliphatic dielectrophiles derived from ω-haloalkyldiphenylacetonitrile. C−C versus C−N annulation reactions are discussed.


In modern global economy, manufacturing industries should confront challenges to keep leadership in a competitive market. Mass production and previous methods and tools to improve design process are not sufficient to bring relevant added value. Nowadays the main challenge is to innovate with new products and services. To keep the line in the short time-to market, we focus our effort on usage innovation dynamic. In this paper, we propose to manage usage information along entire lifecycle product and service. Usage information is a great source to improve product/service and initiate new ideas to innovate. That's why our main objective is to develop a ULM system (Usage Lifecycle Management). ULM system will complete current PLM platform (Product Lifecycle Management). Thus, improvement and added value are possible, not only thanks to customer's usage needs but also stakeholder's usage needs.


Preface Prelude: Mr. Hearst's War Defining Failure and Success Pushing the President The President Pushes Back Manipulating the Messenger Does Anyone Care? The World Is Watching: Real-Time News After the Devil Has Been Saved Spheres of Influence Bibliography Index


The complexity of cogged surfaces formation by traditional methods is high enough. Development of new, effective methods of their treatment is an issue of significant scientific and practical importance. A new method is developed: speed gear-cutting of straight cogs of spur gears by skew gear-shaped cutter, which cogs are stepped along its own axis. After the technological system is set up, a continuous machine tool gearing is passed to the tool and workpiece. The tool also gets a radial displacement. Despite the absence of axial displacement of the workpiece and tool in general, cutting edge of the tool commits axial displacement, provided by tool design and the cutting kinematics. After reaching the desired depth of cutting, a single-phase tool moving along the workpiece is done. The surface calibration is supplied and processing errors are reduced. Each cog of the cutter has the opportunity to take part in the formation of any wheel cog. Stepped cutters of different design were created and manufactured; updated equipment was made based on vertical milling machine of 6Р13 model. Industrial testing of the developed method was performed on machine-building plant named after G. Musabekov. It was stated that cogs cutting by stepped cutter provides the 8-9 th degrees of accuracy according to the state standard specification SSS 1643-81 and a significant reduction in time as compared with the traditional gear shaping. The special machine can cut gearing surfaces with the quality not lower than the 8 th degree of accuracy.


Ecological logos is a kind of self-consciousness,which is formed in the process when modern people have recognized the relationship between themselves and nature,and whose core is to develop harmoniously between man and nature.Ecological logos,as a coordinator,hopes to save man from inverse cultural pattern,which needs to reconstruct the outer natural ecological balance,and what's more,reconstruct the harmony and balance in the cultural spiritual ecology of modern people,thus achieving the new shape of human culture,production and living way.


Background: Specific co-morbidiities may identify atrial fibrillation (AF) subpopulations that may impact on clinical outcomes in AF and application of individual treatment strategies. Methods: We ...


Container isolation is implemented through OS-level virtualization, such as Linux namespaces. Unfortunately, these mechanisms are extremely challenging to implement correctly and, in practice, suffer from functional interference bugs, which compromise container security. In particular, functional interference bugs allow an attacker to extract information from another container running on the same machine or impact its integrity by modifying kernel resources that are incorrectly isolated. Despite their impact, functional interference bugs in OS-level virtualization have received limited attention in part due to the challenges in detecting them. Instead of causing memory errors or crashes, many functional interference bugs involve hard-to-catch logic errors that silently produce semantically incorrect results. This paper proposes KIT, a dynamic testing framework that discovers functional interference bugs in OS-level virtualization mechanisms, such as Linux namespaces. The key idea of KIT is to detect inter-container functional interference by comparing the system call traces of a container across two executions, where it runs with and without the preceding execution of another container. To achieve high efficiency and accuracy, KIT includes two critical components: an efficient algorithm to generate test cases that exercise inter-container data flows and a system call trace analysis framework that detects functional interference bugs and clusters bug reports. KIT discovered 9 functional interference bugs in Linux kernel 5.13, of which 6 have been confirmed. All bugs are caused by logic errors, showing that this approach is able to detect hard-to-catch semantic bugs.


Aim Periprosthetic joint infections (PJI) are a rare, but devastating complication. Diagnostic approaches to PJI vary greatly between different centers. Most commonly tissue biopsies and synovial fluid sampling are recommended for identification pathogens causing PJI. However, sensitivity and specificity of those techniques have been shown to be highly dependent on preanalytical factors like time and conditions of transportation, location of sampling, as well as analytical approaches and prolonged incubation for up to 14days. Sonication of explanted orthopedic devices has been shown to be more than only an addition in the diagnosis of PJI. The goal of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of sonication in PJI. Method Retrospective cohort analysis of orthopedic samples sent for sonication from 29 surgical centers between 06/2014–04/2017. Until 07/2015 samples were plated on Columbia-, MacConkey-, Chocolate- and Schaedler agar*, incubated aerobically and anaerobically for up to 14 days. In 07/2015...


ABSTRACT Addressing mental health needs and homelessness among the veteran population calls for a coordinated systemic response that is all too often missing from community-based responses. The collective impact (CI) model provides a framework for community collaboration to address entrenched problems by increasing collaboration across sectors. This study used a qualitative descriptive approach to explore the use of CI to develop a veterans' community navigator program within a community in the Southwestern United States (US). Data was gathered and thematically analyzed from interviews with key stakeholders (N = 7). Findings from this study support the use of the CI model for program development and implementation and suggest that the CI model may be enhanced with strategic approaches that 1) consider the target population as stakeholders, 2) strategize communication to build sustainable partnerships, and 3) use thorough community needs assessments to inform program development.


Based on the study of 120 cultivated herbaceous peonies and 8 wild species native to China,the relationship among them was firstly investigated,and the result indicated that 4 narrowly-distributed wild species involving Paeonia sinjiangensis K.Y.Pan,P.anomala L.,P.emodi Wallich ex Royle and P.sterniana Fletcher have no chance to be the ancestor of Chinese cultivated herbaceous peonies.Then the difference and similarity existed in the root,leaves and flowers of the wild species and cultivars was exhaustively compared and it is concluded by the equivalent affinity between P.lactiflora Pall.and the cultivars.In general,the results of the study about geographical distribution and the comparative morphology revealed in common that cultivated herbaceous peonies native in China are basically originated from the species P.lactiflora Pall..This conclusion revealed the broad future of improving the cultivars with wild species.


Using data about 1346 development zones authorized by the provincial government,this paper examines spatial distribution,growth process and dominant industries of province-level development zones and their differences among regions.We find that the difference of numbers among provinces largely depends on the level of local economic development;the growth process of province-level development zones is imbued with fluctuation,and the extent of increase among east,middle and west regions over different periods both depends on the level of regional economic development and micro policy of the central government;within one development zone dominant industries are quite irrelevant,and among development zones there are high similarity and concentration degree on dominant industries.


Editor,—Primary yolk sac tumour of the mediastinum is a rare germ cell tumour. Sporadic case reports document the presenting features of chest pain, cough, shortness of breath, and superior vena cava syndrome. To our knowledge, this is the first case to present with Horner's syndrome.

### CASE REPORT

A 23 year old man was referred with anisocoria. For 3 months the left pupil had been noted to be smaller than the right although the patient reported it enlarged significantly after he took amphetamine tablets. …


A prototype grain chiller was designed and built to evaluate its potential for commercialization. Testing resulted in optimization of the final design. Refrigeration was maximized and control over the chilled air conditions improved. Variability of the relative humidity of the outlet air was reduced from a range of 6.5 to 8.8 percentage points to 2.1 to 3.0 points. Outlet temperatures were achieved within 2° of the set point temperature. The success of these tests has resulted in the commercialization of the first U.S.-built grain chiller.


Business and the State. Explaining the Origins and Fate of Business-State Coalitions. Business-State Cooperation in Zambia: Rhetoric and Realities. From Partnership to Enmity: Business, the State, and Economic Collapse in Zimbabwe. South Africa: Both Model and Cautionary Tale? Crafting Business-State Coalitions: Lessons For, and From, Southern Africa.


In a Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) system, services contain operations with openly defined input and output parameters. While satisfying functional requirements, a service also exposes its attack surface via published operations, open protocols, and accessible data as an adverse side effect, which makes it susceptible to exploitation by malicious actors. With this context, it is a challenge to build an SOA environment such that it is resilient in the face of hostile attacks. In this paper, we propose an approach to design services such that their attackability can be controlled and intrusion tolerance guaranteed despite the exposed attack surface. Our approach relies on Self-Cleansing Intrusion Tolerance (SCIT), a recovery-based intrusion tolerance architecture combined with service-oriented programming constructs. Building a Resilient Service-Oriented Architecture Environment In this paper, we will present an approach to build a resilient SOA environment, which has four characteristics: a) to withstand malicious attacks; b) to rapidly recover from compromises; c) to provide service continuity even in the case of attacks; and d) to adapt to changing operational environment. The characteristics a) and b) can be quantitatively represented by the QoS parameters of Mean Time to Security Failure (MTTSF), and Mean Time to Repair (MTTR) respectively. Our approach consists of compensating the undesired expansion of a service's attack surface due to enhancements by utilizing Self-Cleansing Intrusion Tolerance (SCIT) and restricting the exposure time [2]. Characteristic c) of service continuity can be mitigated by having redundant live nodes, with the pair of primary/backup and diversity in the SCIT environment. We will also show how SCIT allows services to adapt to changing environment while maintaining their promised resilience. Based on timed-recovery mechanisms provided by SCIT, software architects are offered additional tools to design a service so that its attackability can be controlled, and intrusion tolerance QoS guaranteed despite the exposed attack surface. Moreover, our approach leverages service composition constructs that allow fronting an important service with another service well controlled by SCIT to reinforce the resilience of the service to be protected. 2. System Architecture SCIT Mechanism The goal of SCIT is to make applications and services resilient in the face of malicious attacks. SCIT's recovery-based mechanism consists of automatic and periodic cleansing of the servers running on a virtualization layer, which allows the instantiation of multiple servers with possible options of having different guest operating systems on a single host machine. Moreover, the utilization of virtual machines enables rapid reloading and reactivation of the servers. SCIT's pattern operates on two major components as depicted in Figure 1: a. Central Controller managing and controlling all the nodes to be protected. Diversity of these nodes can be employed to further reduce the likelihood of malicious exploitations. For example, we can have a group of web servers, one running on Linux, another on Windows, and a third one on Mac OS. b. Cluster of nodes providing the same applications and services. Managed by the Central Controller, each node continuously goes through the following state sequence: • Live Spare state, in which the node is pristine but offline; • Active state for the duration W o, (called exposure window), where the node is online to serve incoming requests; • Grace Period state with pre-configured duration, where the node stops accepting new transaction requests, but completes processing of already queued requests; • Cleansing state, where the node is offline and undergoes the full restoration to a known pristine state. Given that the cleansing time depends on the specific service, we have obtained the number of redundant nodes in a cluster to perform the rotation cycle of duration Wo [2]. Figure 1 shows that Node 1 is in Active state, Node 2 in Live Spare state, and Node n in Cleansing state.


The microstructure of two Al_2O_3-ZrO_2-C slide plates used in Wuhan Iron and Steel Co.Ltd.were observed.SiC whiskers were found in the structure of the used slide plates and they played an important role in improving its strength and thermal shock resistance.For slide plate made by AoMei Refractory Co.Ltd.a great amount of silicon powder were used to form plastic phase of the base material,in which more SiC whiskers can be produced in high-temperature condition.As a result,the slide plate has good stability of thermal shock property.


The purpose of this paper is to present Coaching and its various forms that can be used by an Organization and to explore its contribution to the Human resources development and improvement of its performance, especially of executives, in Greece.
In this era where we are living intense and rapid changes because of the deep and continuing crisis, it turns out that the human factor is the one who can help the sustainability of any organization and gives the competitive edge it needs for its development.
On the other hand, Coaching, is a new method, although it is still under development, both in our country and internationally, which appears to be gaining ground in the toolbox of human resource management for successful job performance.
Through this paper I tried to contribute to the exploration of knowledge about coaching and its contribution to human resource development, particularly in improving performance.
The purpose of this paper is to present Coaching and its various forms that can be used by an Organization and to explore its contribution to the Human resources development and improvement of its performance, especially of executives, in Greece.
Design /methodology/ approach: In this research paper , were adopted ontology as the philosophical basis, and phenomenology as it's philosophy. Furthermore, while this is a qualitative / exploratory research we used the inductive approach in order to investigate in depth the effects and use of coaching in Greece . The research was conducted with personal in depth interviews, using semi-structured questionnaire and purposive sampling.
Findings: Although coaching was introduced in Greece only the last decade, it has begun to gain more and more ground year by year in the field of the human resources development. In our view, for the further use of coaching in our country, the development of the coaching industry with certified schools and programs, the presence of the coaching Bodies as well as certified and adequately trained coaches will help to clarify what coaching finally is, what it can do in the field of human resource development and how this will help the Organizations.
In Greece, it is now used by several large and middle multinational organizations who have adopted it in their culture, by large Greek organizations that invest in the development of their staff, by medium-sized organizations in order to deal with comparable behaviors of their executives and to align them with their core values and very recently it was introduced in the public sector in Greece mainly for the improvement of teamwork and collaboration. The research have shown positive results from the use of coaching programs both at individual, team and organizational levels, while helping to develop certain skills of employees and executives.
 Originality/value: Coaching is a new method , especially for our country, that is used by Organisations and individuals to improve their performance and support their development. Although coaching is a rapidly growing industry worldwide, particularly in Greece there is still little empirical research, despite the increasing demand that has been observed the last years, and there is still a lot of ambiguity about what it is, what it can offer and which is its effectiveness to the individual or the organisation.


Previous findings show that the existence of dense cores or bulges is the prerequisite for quenching a galaxy, leading to a proposed two-step quenching scenario: compaction and quenching. In this scenario, galaxies first grow their cores to a stellar mass surface density threshold, and subsequently quenching occurs, suggesting that galaxies evolve from extended star-forming galaxies (eSFGs), through compact star-forming galaxies (cSFGs), to a quenched population. In this work, we aim at examining the possible evolutionary link between eSFGs and cSFGs by identifying the trends in star formation rate (SFR), gas-phase metallicity, and H I content, since one would naturally expect that galaxies evolve along the track of cold gas consumption and metal enhancement. We select a volume-limited sample of 15,933 galaxies with stellar mass above and redshift of from the NASA Sloan Atlas catalog within the ALFALFA footprint. The cSFGs on average exhibit similar or slightly higher SFRs of ∼0.06 dex and significantly higher gas-phase metallicity (up to 0.2 dex at low mass) with respect to the eSFGs, while the cSFGs dominate the galaxy population of the most intense star formation activities. More importantly, overall the median H i content and gas depletion time of cSFGs are about half of eSFGs. Our result supports the compaction and quenching scenario that galaxies evolve and grow their cores along the track of cold gas consumption and metal enhancement. The environments of eSFGs and cSFGs are indistinguishable, suggesting that the compaction process is independent of any environmental effects at least for the low-redshift universe.


Background and Aim: Fasciolosis due to Fasciola gigantica is endemic to tropical countries and Fasciola hepatica in temperate climates, highly detrimental to livestock and known as foodborne zoonotic diseases. The strategic control of the disease is mainly the use of chemical anthelmintic. This study aimed to evaluate the anthelmintic properties of Artemisia vulgaris extract on the ova and adult stages of F. gigantica. Materials and Methods: Samples were collected from the Ampel Abbatoir, Boyolali District, Central Java, Indonesia. The ova from 20-gallbladders of cattle which were naturally infected with F. gigantica and 270 living F. gigantica worms were used in this study. The ovicidal assay was performed by incubating the ova with A. vulgaris in different concentrations, that is, 5%, 2.5%, and 1.25% for 5, 9, 11, 14, and 16 days. The efficacies were evaluated by quantification of ova degeneration during developmental stages in different time points and egg-hatch assay. The flukicidal effects were observed by mortality assay in 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160, 320, and 640 min incubations followed by scanning electron microscopy for surface morphology and histology of the fluke's transversal sections. Results: The concentration of 5% A. vulgaris showed the strongest ovicidal activities. The percentage of hatching ova on day 16 at concentrations of 5%, 2.5%, and 1.25% were 3.33%, 6.67%, and 16.67%. These ova hatch assay showed a significant reduction (p < 0.001) compared to untreated control. The flukicidal effect was significant (p < 0.001) at a concentration of 20%, with a mortality rate reaching 66.67% in the 40 min of incubation time. The surface properties of the adult worms, including the spine, tegument, acetabulum, intestine, and vitelline follicles, were disintegrated. Conclusion: The results showed that A. vulgaris has the potential ovicidal and flukicidal properties to F. gigantica. The active compounds remained necessary to be elucidated further and its modes of action would be interesting to be predicted by molecular docking modeling.


Abstract We estimated the magnitude of various sinks for forest floor N released by decomposition in a 400-year-old stand and along a 26-year post-clearcutting chronosequence in a Pacific silver fir (Abies amabilis [Dougl.] Forbes) and western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla [Raf.] Sarg.) ecosystem on Vancouver Island. The total biomass and N-content of various components of the overstory and understory vegetation were measured, as well as the upper mineral-soil N-storage, and the fluxes of dissolved forms of N in forest floor and mineral-soil leachates. The overstory vegetation was not an important sink for N until at least 10 years after clearcutting; uptake by trees was not a significant sink for the post-clearcutting assart flush. In contrast, the early-seral understory vegetation played a small but probably significant role during the assart period. Competition for N between the understory and overstory vegetation during the first 10 years was probably not significant because the amount of N released from the forest floor far exceeded the amount of N taken up by either of these two components. Total leaching losses of dissolved-N between 3 and 12 years after clearcutting did not appear to vary significantly from total leaching losses in the old forest. Based on the lysimeter data, the upper mineral soil appeared to have the biological and/or chemical capacity to prevent most of the N released from the forest floor after clearcutting from moving down to below the rooting zone. However, we do not conclude from this that the majority of the N released is retained within the ecosystem. In a subsequent paper we develop a forest floor N-bud-get model to evaluate whether or not this is the case.


Depressive disorder is a common illness that affects millions of people worldwide and the patients often suffer from symptoms such as depressed mood, sleep disturbances, and suicidal ideation. Since the approval of fluoxetine in the United States nearly 20 years ago, the annual prescription of antidepressants has increased rapidly. However, despite the increasing number of new antidepressants introduced to the clinic, the quality of treatment still remains poor due to the delayed response or low efficacy often associated with these synthetic antidepressants. Thus, there have been a growing number of patients turning to alternative medicine treatments for a more effective cure. To date, one of the most frequently used and well-studied herbal preparation for mild and moderate depression is the extract of St Johns wort. However, recent report has indicated that drug interaction of this herb with other antidepressants may result in severe clinical consequences. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a long history of use in China with a proven record of high efficacy and low toxicity. It is also an excellent source of diverse and complex chemicals that possess a wide variety of biological activities. In recent years, TCM has received growing attention as an alternative or adjuvant therapy to Western medicine treatments and a large volume of efforts have been directed towards the identification of potential antidepressive phytomedicine from TCM. Potential TCM-derived therapeutics including herbal formulations, extracts, and individual active constituents have been evaluated with behavioral animal models and clinical studies. This article will review the recent development in the search for effective antidepressive therapeutics using TCM. Literatures published in Chinese will also be reviewed to include the recent advances in this area. Moreover, our group has been using a knowledge-based approach to identify active ingredients for the treatment of neurological disorders. The workflow of our approach will also be discussed.


The aims of this study are to assess the deformation behavior of a polymeric material during a blow moulding process. Transient computations of two dimensional model of a PP bottle were performed using ANSYS Polyflow computer code to predict the wall thickness distribution at four different parison's diameter; 8mm, 10mm, 18mm, and 20mm. Effects on the final wall thickness diameter and time step are studied. The simulated data shows that the inflation performance degrades with increasing parison diameter. It is concluded that the blow moulding process using 10mm parison successfully meet the product processing requirements. Factors that contribute to the variation in deformation behaviour of the plastic during the manufacturing process are discussed.


We investigate the use of a machine-learning-based simulation scheme to predict flows of complex fluids with a non-linear constitutive relation. This scheme, originally proposed by Seryo et al. for general complex fluids [N. Seryo et al., "Learning the constitutive relation of polymeric flows with memory," Phys. Rev. Res. 2, 033107 (2020)], is used to learn the time derivative of the stress as a function of the stress and velocity gradient. However, previous assessments were limited to fluids with linear constitutive relations. In this study, we employ the dual sliplink model to express the dynamics of well-entangled polymers as a fluid exhibiting a non-linear stress response. We test the simulation scheme by using it to predict the flow of a viscoelastic fluid between two parallel plates with only shear deformations and compare the results with those of a multi-scale simulation using microscopic simulators. Overall, our machine-learning method possesses good predictive capabilities, for both the transient response and the non-linear behavior at steady-state, i.e., the shear-thinning. We are able to accurately track the evolution of the stress, for both the weak and strong elastic cases, although the velocity predictions for the latter show a decreased accuracy in the transient regime. Furthermore, our simulation scheme is more computationally efficient than the conventional multi-scale simulation approach, which uses microscopic simulators, containing a system of coarse-grained polymers, to evaluate the macroscopic stress. We discuss possible extensions and improvements for enhancing the predictive capabilities and generality of the method.


Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the self-perception of dental aesthetics and orthodontic treatment need in a group of young adults. Materials and methods: Perception of dental aesthetics and orthodontic treatment need was assessed among 189 first year university undergraduates using the Oral Aesthetic Subjective Impact Scale (OASIS), a visual analogue scale (VAS), and the Aesthetic component (AC) scale of the Index of Orthodontic treatment Need (IOTN). Data analysis was done using SPSS version 11.0. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests were used. One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to identify differences in the mean VAS and OASIS scores according to perceived orthodontic treatment need on the AC scale of IOTN. The relationship between the various scales was examined using correlation tests. Statistical significance was set as p < 0.05. Results: The mean OASIS and VAS scores were 13.61 ± 5.98 and 75.64 ± 18.40 respectively. According to the AC scale of IOTN, 86.8% of participants rated themselves as having no need for treatment, 7.4% borderline need and 5.8% great need for orthodontic treatment. Comparison of mean OASIS and VAS scores according to the AC category showed a trend towards higher mean OASIS scores and lower VAS scores with greater treatment need. ANOVA showed there were significant differences between the AC groups in mean OASIS and VAS scores. Spearman's correlation tests between the 3 scales gave low results. Conclusion: There was a low correlation between the OASIS, VAS and AC scale of IOTN in evaluating self-perception of dental aesthetics and orthodontic treatment need. The OASIS and VAS were able to discriminate between participants with different degrees of treatment need.


The luciferase can be produced in body and can be obtained by breeding firefly and chemical extract. The luciferase has been purified from fermentative liquid of Escherichia coilLusJ, genetic recombination strain. Its molecular weight is 50000. Dynamic studies demonstrated that it does not behave the character of typical MechaelisMenten enzyme. The dynamics curve of the luciferase for luciferin shows a S shape. Its optimal pH and temperature are 7.5 and 15℃, respectively. It is sensitive to light and salt concentration.


This study aimed to describe the indexicality Minyak Karo in North Sumatera. It focused on describing the ingredients used for making the Minyak Karo, the ritual process of making Minyak Karo, the purpose of the ritual carried out in making Minyak Karo, and  performance in the ritual of making Minyak Karo in Padang bulan and Pancur batu regency, North Sumatra. Qualitative method and Anthropolistic perspective were applied in this study. The data collection techniques used was observation, in-depth interviews and documentation. The result of the study showed that there were 107 genera and 57 families in making Minyak Karo to treat different diseases, such as kaffir lime/kaffir lime leaves, ship-board leaves, jambar api, bulung patchouli, gagaten tiger, basil, panglai, shallots, garlic, pepper, nutmeg, turmeric, areca nut, tawan gegeh, root areca nut, bamboo root, riman root, pengkih root, and alang-alang. The purpose of the ritual of making Minyak Karo based on anthropolingustic study was to be able to cure diseases that were believed to come from supernatural spirits or diseases sent by people through supernatural means and asked for protection from the spirits of the ancestors.


ENH-1036, a 3-page fact sheet by Gary W. Knox, describes the history and qualities of these bulbs that flower after heavy summer rains. Includes information on availability and descriptions of species that are widely available, and some less common species to look out for. Published by the UF Environmental Horticulture Department, May 2006.
ENH1038/EP255: Hurricane Lilies, Lycoris Species, in Florida (ufl.edu)


We present a multi-stratum resources integration architecture for data center application with flow estimation based on multiple OpenFlow controllers cooperation. The overall feasibility and efficiency of the proposed architecture are experimentally verified on our testbed.


In order to clarify the characteristics of kernel growth and development within different maize ear regions and their relationships,the changes of kernel weight and kernel volume of fertilized ovaries,and their relationships with kernel setting rate of three maize cultivars were studied by three types of controlling pollination,including no-pollination within middle or basal region of ear(type I),no-pollination of whole row filaments of ear(type II) and preferred pollination of apical-middle filaments of ear(type III).The results showed that the weight and volume of apical kernel were improved and developed normally,but the ear kernel number and ear kernel weight decreased by applying the controlling pollination.For the apical kernel of type I,there were no significant differences in weight and volume compared with the middle or basal kernel of the treatment of complete pollination at the same time and the treatment of natural pollination,but the weight and volume of the apical kernel was the smallest in a maize ear.The kernel setting rates were improved in type II and type III.Correlation analysis showed that kernel dry weight and volume were significantly positively correlated with kernel setting rate(P0.01) in type II but significantly negatively(P0.05) in type III.These data indicate that the apical kernel of maize ear can develop normally and its kernel weight also can be regulated,the shortage of nutrient supply might be the fundamental reason of the abortion and lower weight of apical kernels,and it is an effective practice to improve ear kernel weight by enlarging the source and sink.


Article history: Received on: 12/3/2012 Revised on: 13/3/2123 Accepted on:23/23/2222 Available online: 28/09/2012 Marine invertebrate -associated bacteria are one of potential and prolific sources to produce unique and novel structure of bioactive compounds. Unsuitable growth media for cultivation of bacteria result in many bioactive compounds were not produced. Moraxella sp. RA15 was successfully isolated from Acropora dibranchiata. In an attempt to introduce bioactive compounds of Moraxella sp. RA15 was evaluated through various media and bioassays to find out the antimicrobial, antiplasmodial, and herbicidal potency as well as toxicity property. The Moraxella sp. RA15 extract in 1/10ZoBell agar medium showed herbicidal activity, toxicity against brine shrimp and antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. The antiplasmodial activity was only showed by Moraxella sp. RA15 extract produced in 1/10ZoBell broth medium. It can be concluded that medium and culture condition are important factors in bioactive compound production from bacteria.


Based on the analysis of the development status of coal mining under buildings,railway and water technology and the trend of.How to mining "under three"coal mine,or how to plan the excavation sequence,the influence on the surface of the control to a minimum;or how to match the mining "under three"coal,there are plans to control the mining damages annually.These are the current coal enterprises have faced and must study and solve the problem.


The objective of this paper is to clarify certain misconceptions that have been propragated by the profusion of papers being published.The presentation will illustrate from a purely scientific viewpoint.


The manufacturing of heterostructures is interesting in many fields such as photonics, solar energy production and quantum technologies. This paper, dedicated to germanium on silicon heterostructure manufacturing and stress engineering, builds up on LETI and EVGroup's hot bonding technology (1). The coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) mismatch between germanium and silicon is used to induce some in-plane tensile stress in a thin germanium layer transferred by the Smart CutTM technique onto a silicon substrate. In this approach, a bulk germanium wafer is directly bonded on a bulk silicon wafer, using surface activated hot bonding (SAHB). Process integration advantages are the low defect density of bulk germanium and the tensile stress that can be tuned using the bonding temperature. According to X-Ray diffraction measurements, for a bonding performed at 250°C, the lattice parameter deformation reached +0.06%, resulting in a 82 MPa tensile stress in a 370 nm thick germanium layer.


MicroRNAs have established their role as potent regulators of the epigenome. Interestingly, most miRNAs are located within protein-coding genes with functional consequences that have yet to be fully investigated. MiRIAD is a database with an interactive and user-friendly online interface that has been facilitating research on intragenic miRNAs. In this article, we present a major update. First, data for five additional species (chimpanzee, rat, dog, cow and frog) were added to support the exploration of evolutionary aspects of the relationship between host genes and intragenic miRNAs. Moreover, we integrated data from two different sources to generate a comprehensive alternative polyadenylation dataset. The miRIAD interface was therefore redesigned and provides a completely new gene model representation, including an interactive visualization of the 30 untranslated region (UTR) with alternative polyadenylation sites, corresponding signals and potential miRNA binding sites. Furthermore, we expanded on functional host gene network analysis. Although the previous version solely reported protein interactions, the update features a separate network analysis view that can either be accessed VC The Author(s) 2017. Published by Oxford University Press. Page 1 of 8 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. (page number not for citation purposes) Database, 2017, 1–8 doi: 10.1093/database/bax053


Few descriptions of traditional duck farming in Vietnam are available. This small study reports on these traditional techniques before they disappear as a consequence of the country's rapid economic and social development. Five production farms and two hatcheries located in South Vitenam were evaluated. The study covered basic questions relating to farm and hatchery management, nutrition, vaccination, pharmaceutical use, costs and priority needs. Questions were translated into Vietnamese for personal interviews. Out of five production farms, three did not use the local veterinary services. However, four used a French duck plague vaccine and not the Vietnamese product. There was little knowledge on the appropriate use of pharmaceuticals. Hatching methods within the two hatcheries were similar to those of South China. The traditional farming systems made efficient use of a scavenging resourcefulness of Vietnamese farmers in their present situation, and identified areas for disease control and research.


Bi-Pb-Sn-Cd metal particles were fabricated with dispersant sodium oleate by phase inversion method. The effects of dispersant content, temperature, and stirring speed and the average size of Bi-Pb-Sn-Cd metal particles were investigated by scanning electron microscope and particle size distribution analyzer. In addition, the preparation mechanism was preliminarily discussed. Finally, the optimized preparation conditions were determined and well-dispersed superfine Bi-Pb-Sn-Cd particles with average diameter of about 0.3μm were obtained.


Objective
To explore the incidence and related risk factors for stress ulcer (SU) bleeding in neurocritical patients at multiple centers.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the data of neurocritical patients at Department of Neurosurgery of 12 hospitals in China, which consisted of the patient's age, diagnosis, past medical history and 17 potential associated risk factors including duration of mechanical ventilation, gastrointestinal (GI) ulcer or bleeding history, GCS (Glasgow coma scale), duration of neurosurgical operation, intracranial infection, stroke, traumatic brain injury, intracerebral hemorrhage, history of brain tumor operation, resuscitation of heart, lung and brain, shock, hepatic failure, renal failure, multiple organ failure, acid base imbalance, high dose of corticosteroids, administration of anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs. Univariate analysis was conducted with Log-rank and multivariate analysis was performed using the Cox proportional hazard model.

Results
A total of 1 416 patients were enrolled into this study, among whom 182 cases (12.9%, 95% CI: 11.2-14.7) developed SU. The incidence of GI bleeding (10 cases) was 0.7% (95% CI: 0.3-1.3). Multivariate analysis showed that mechanical ventilation lasting over 48 hours (RR=0.526, 95% CI: 0.381-0.726, P<0.0001) and use of anticoagulants (RR=0.458, 95% CI: 0.327-0.643, P<0.0001) were independent risk factors for SU bleeding in neurocritical patients. The patients with history of GI ulcer or bleeding (RR=0.082, 95% CI: 0.016-0.411, P=0.0023) had higher chance of developing SU bleeding.

Conclusion
SU bleeding is not uncommon in neurocritical patients and cautions should be warranted particularly for those with risk factors.

Key words:
Intensive care; Neurosurgical procedures; Risk factors; Adult; Stress ulcer


In modern vehicle, aerodynamic noise is now the major source of annoyance at highway speeds and for frequencies higher than 400 Hz. The origin of the aerodynamic noise in the cabin is the flow around the vehicle particularly in the neighborhood of the side glass. A complex and unsteady pressure field excites the glass panels which vibrates and radiates noise inside the cabin. The development of numerical methods related to wind noise prediction is closely associated to the understanding of the pressure field properties. Some quantities like local fluctuating pressure can be measured but other quantities like two points correlation are much more complicated to obtain. In this paper are presented one point pressure measurements performed on the side glass of a Sedan vehicle at two yaw angles. The experimental method is described and the results are analyzed and compared to unsteady CFD simulations. This study depicts general properties of the side glass loading and validates the numerical approach. The numerical results are then used to study two point statistics and are compared to semi-empirical models of the literature. The strong inhomogeneous and spatial dependency of the pressure field is underlined and detailed.


In this article we present two studies. The first was designed to identify Greek agronomists' levels of sustainability-related competencies and to examine whether gaps in these skills restrict their ability to promote sustainable agriculture (SA) as well as their willingness to engage in SA networks. The second study was conducted to compare the perceived effectiveness of different schemes aimed at enhancing agronomists' competencies on SA. Study 1, following a mixed-methods research design, uncovered that the low levels of agronomists' marketing skills diminish their willingness to participate in SA networks and their self-efficacy in promoting SA, thus generating a sense of anxiety towards sustainable farming. Quantitative results also revealed that levels of knowledge on SA and agronomists' networking competencies affect their involvement in sustainable agricultural management. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis showed that there is a gap between agronomists' skills/competencies and the reality of practicing agricultural sustainability, whereas it also highlighted the lack of organized knowledge-creating opportunities targeted at SA. Study 2 indicated the importance of weaving together many actors in order to create attractive and effective competence development projects. In parallel, our findings call for a shift from purely didactic approaches to more experiential ways of knowledge construction, and from a focus on technical knowledge to the development of interdisciplinary skills. In sum, this pair of studies emphasizes the need to go beyond traditional schemes of agronomic knowledge transfer to the development of multi-actor learning environments that can serve as mediating hubs in agronomic knowledge, endowing agronomists with key competencies needed to promote SA.


For developing work-study training curricula for Certified Occupational Therapy Assistants and Occupational Therapists, Registered in four state facilities, a questionnaire investigated importance, time allocation, and delegability of 17 activities of occupational therapy, and 5 treatment areas. Time sampling at one facility confirmed time-allocation findings from questionnaires. Main findings and conclusions were: (a) treatment occupied most time and in-service study and evaluating staff least, (b) clerical activities were least important, (c) relatively important treatment areas were also relatively delegable, (d) job-activity training need not reflect the patient population, (e) trainees may undertake important job activities early in training.


This study aims to measure the overall technical efficiency score and analyze its determinants in the Vietnamese shipping industry. The data used in the study is the enterprise census data set collected by the General Statistics Office of Vietnam from 2016 to 2020. A major difference in this study compared to other empirical studies about the efficiency in Vietnam is that we applied the stochastic frontier analysis with four random components. The results of measuring efficiency scores show that: The average overall technical efficiency (OTE) score of Vietnamese shipping firms is 0.539. In which the persistent technical efficiency (PTE) score averaged 0.883 and the transitory technical efficiency (TTE) score averaged 0.60. It shows that the potential for operational efficiency of Vietnamese shipping firms is still very large. The results of the analysis of the determinants of OTE showed that. Internal firm characteristics such as firm size, firm age, return on equity of firm have a positive effect on OTE. And state-owned firms are less efficient than non-state firms. Besides, factors such as participation in international shipping, the quality of economic institutions also have a positive relationship with OTE. However, financial constraint, specifically the level of credit outstanding, is the main cause of slowing OTE growth.


Traffic volume which is a key input for road system design is represented in terms of standard passenger car unit. Indiana Roads Congress (IRC): 106-1990; Guidelines for Capacity of Urban Roads in Plain Area, recommends two sets of passenger car units (PCU) values based on "5%" and "10% and more" composition of various vehicle types in total traffic volume. It is also established that the vehicle type with major proportion in the traffic stream dominates behaviour of other vehicles and therefore conversion of mixed traffic with predominance of two wheelers in to passenger cars is also questionable. In the present paper, dynamic vehicle equivalent factors (DVEF) namely dynamic car unit (DCU) and dynamic two-wheeler unit (DTU) are derived using modified homogenization coefficient approach based on comprehensive field traffic data collected by videographic technique on mid-block and road sections of multilane arterials in seven metropolitan cities of India. A simple method to derive traffic volume in DCU/DTU for different traffic composition and traffic volume for a standard 10.5 in wide three lane arterial roads is discussed in the present study. Significance of DVEF and its variation with influencing parameters in mixed traffic is also discussed in this paper.


Previous studies have documented the increasing burden of non communicable diseases (NCDs) in developing countries, including Nigeria. The WHO and other bodies have emphasized the need for a "sound and explicit government policy" as fundamental for the prevention and control of NCDs. The formulation of such a policy, in turn, requires a certain level of awareness, understanding and concern among policy makers. This research assessed the perspectives of federal and state policy actors in Nigeria about NCDs, where preliminary research revealed some limited policy awareness of NCDs but no official policy document. Key policy actors were identified using the snowball sampling technique. The perspectives of participants were assessed using the Q‐methodology and interviews. Three dominant groups were identified. All groups believe that NCDs are a serious problem in Nigeria and that effective action, which has been slow till date, is possible within the system. However, there were differences in the emphasis of each of the groups. One group emphasized collective action, another focused on individual responsibility, and the third group stressed the effectiveness of local institutions. The study found that some type of policy attention on NCDs is likely in the immediate future, but it may not be the concerted multi‐sectoral efforts urged by global authorities.


The International Baccalaureate (IB), a global curriculum and associated assessment processes, is spreading rapidly throughout many countries of the world, presenting itself as an alternative to local assessment and curriculum offerings. It thereby offers a clear example of the globalisation of knowledge and the knowledge industry. Meanwhile at the local level in South Australia both Public and Private Schools are coming to terms with the concept of educating for the twenty-first century with perceptions of being part of a global village and opting for the chance of educating world citizens. It would seem that many schools perceive the adoption of the IB Curriculum as one means of achieving this. In this research study, 60 Year 10 students from a Public (State/Government) and Private (Independent) school, from one Australian city, took part in an investigation to determine why they chose to pursue the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme in their final two years of schooling. Comparative education, International education, Secondary school curriculum, College preparation, University admission, International Baccalaureate


An effective vaccine for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is urgently needed, yet its development has been hampered by incomplete understanding of immunity to Mtb. While vaccine candidates are routinely assessed by their ability to induce CD4 +T cell-derived interferon gamma (IFNγ), this marker has been unreliable in predicting vaccine protection against TB. Furthermore, T cell adoptive transfer studies in RAG1 −/−mice have suggested that lung T cell-derived IFNγ only plays a minor role in pulmonary immunity against Mtb. In contrast with prior results, our experiments using IFNγ−/− T cell chimeric mice, and with TCRβ −/−δ −/−mice receiving adoptively transferred IFNγ −/−T cells, demonstrate that control of lung Mtb burden is in fact dependent on T cell-derived IFNγ. We show that this discrepancy is partially due to the confounding effects of RAG −/−vs. the more specific TCRβ −/−δ −/−hosts. Flow cytometry and RNA-seq analysis of lung cells in WT, IFNγ −/−, and TCRβ −/−δ −/−T cell-chimeric mice reveal that absence of T cell-derived IFNγ decreases recruitment of monocyte-derived macrophages to the infected lung, skews infected and bystander macrophages to an alternative M2 phenotype, and promotes neutrophil and eosinophil influx. Together, these results reassert and characterize the role of T cell-derived IFNγ in protection against pulmonary Mtb.
 Supported by grants from NIH (T32 AI007044, U19 AI135976) and the Firland Foundation (Northrop-Park Fellowship).


Antheliatin [1], zahavin A [2], and zahavin B [3], three novel xenicane diterpenoids, have been isolated from two Indo-Pacific soft corals, Anthelia glauca and Alcyonium aureum. The two species belong to different families of reef-inhabiting soft corals. The structures of compounds 1-3 were established on the basis of X-ray and 1D and 2D nmr data.


The adopted of Massive open online courses (MOOC) in the Thailand Tourism sector is aimed at promoting the quality of human resources to reach ASEAN tourism standard. However, traditional vocational education and training do not seem to provide knowledge improvement for many of the workers in the postmodern era since the completion rate of MOOC is very low. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to propose a knowledge improvement method for knowledge workers who are working in the tourism industry. In this study, the cognitive load theory and interactive media were employed as methods which are able to improve the knowledge workers' learning performance via mobile devices. Two experiments were performed in order to find the optimal length of video lectures and the effectiveness of interactive media in MOOCs. The first experiment was performed on sixty-four tourism industry knowledge workers who were divided into four groups randomly. Each group was loaded with different video lengths and different segmentations. The second experiment was done on the same focus group by separating them into control and experiment groups. The experiment group was assigned to use interactive media (2D learning game) right after watching the learning video. The results show that, by using the same amount of learning time, the group who were using the smaller video lengths performed significantly better due to lower consume of information. Differences in knowledge tests were examined across different conditions of video lengths to measure the learning performance. As a result, the groups which were equipped with interactive media achieved higher test scores than those without it. The evaluation method for the performance test was the same as in the first experiment. The results indicate that the interactive group with shorter of video lengths performed significantly better than the other group exposed to traditional online learning (using longer videos in a non-interactive manner).


Transient gain spectra were measured for an In0.02Ga0.98N / In0.16Ga0.84N multiple quantum well using the variable stripe length method (VSLM) in combination with the ultrafast optical Kerr gate (OKG) technique. Gain dynamics were measured for a range of excitation lengths from short (50 μm) to long (350 μm) stripes with the sample under femtosecond photoexcitation. Analysis of the temporal behaviour of gain and chemical potential suggests that stimulated emission originates from a photoexcited electron–hole plasma at early times; at later times localized states dominate as the electron–hole plasma becomes exhausted. Gain reduction at early times is attributable to coupling of the electron–hole plasma with photons along the stripe, whilst localized states are less susceptible to gain saturation. (© 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


In order to provided some information for comprehensive treatment of the Chaohu Lake's eutrophicationknow,the water quality of Tongyang River was analyzed by the fuzzy mathematics method on the basis of experimental water quality monitoring data in the summer of 2007.Study results also showed that the major control factor was nitride and the whole water quality was controlled by human activities.At last,to reduce the living pollution and used the pesticides and chemical fertilizer in a scientific way were the important ways to improve the water quality of Tongyang River.


We present the notion of Security-by-Contract (S×C), a mobile contract that an application carries with itself. The key idea of the framework is that a digital signature should not just certify the origin of the code but rather bind together the code with a contract. In a nutshell, a contract describes the security relevant interactions that the mobile application could have with the mobile device. The contract should be accepted by the platform (if compatible with the policy) at deployment time, and its enforcement guaranteed, for instance by in-line monitoring. A short live demo with real phones will be done at the end of the talk.


Aim: To evaluate and compare the body mass index (BMI) of school-going children with bruxism and without bruxism of age between 6 and 12 years. Settings and Design: To find the correlation between BMI and oral habit bruxism among school children and compare with those children without bruxism. Materials and Methods: A total of 6122 children were screened from 28 government and 12 private schools, in which 1854 (30.28%) had various types of oral habits. Among this 280 children had the stressful habit bruxism. The BMI of those children was calculated by measuring the height and weight. The values were compared with the BMI of same number of students of same age group, who does not have any oral habits, with the WHO standard. The values were calculated and tabulated for the statistical analysis, using the SPSS software version 19 (IBM company) with the P < 0.05 as statistically significant. Results: Its shows that children with bruxism has high BMI range, was in the order of overweight > Normal > Underweight, but the BMI of children without any habit was in the order of normal > Underweight > Overweight. On comparison, it was statistically significant. Conclusion: The habit bruxism had a positive correlation with the BMI of children. The children are more stressed from both indoor and outdoor. Hence, kindly educate all the parents, teachers, and public to identify the cause for the habit, because each oral habit is strongly deep rooted with some emotional and/or psychological problem and to make the children stress free in future.


Biology is the study of life and living organisms, including structure, function, growth, evolution, distribution, and taxonomy. Modern biological sciences are very broad and eclectic, and consists of various branches and sub-disciplines. However, despite the wide scope, there are some general concepts that govern all of the research, so all together in one area. For specific subjects such topics studied human excretory system identification excretory organs and excretion mechanisms in each organ are difficult to observe students directly require the learning media. Assessing the direct object is rarely carried out for reasons of power, cost, and time. The purpose of this research to develop multimedia-based learning media. The model used is the development of 3-D, covering define, design, and develop. Developed learning media has included a very valid and eligible for use in learning to help students understand the material excretory system.


The blocking effects of newly synthesized compounds N-decyltropine bromide (IEM-1556) and its derivatives N-methyltropine iodide (IEM-1893) and N-hexyltropine iodide (IEM-1848), possessing aliphatic radicals of different length, on the vagus-induced reduction of the heart rate were studied in acute expe~ments on rats. The effects produced by these compounds on the level of arterial blood pressure and synaptic transmission in the superior cervical ganglion (SCG) of the rat were studied and compared with those produced by classical ganglion-blocking agents (hexamethonium and trimetaphan) and muscle relaxants (pancuronium and decamethoniu~a). IEM-1556 much more effectively blocked the vagus-induced reduction of the heart rate than other tested blocking agents, and, in contrast to the classical ganglion-blocking agents and decamethonium, did not reduce the arterial blood pressure. In addition, IEM-1556 was less effective than hexamethonium in blocking synaptic wansmmion through the SCG. IEM-Ig93 and IEM-1848 demonstrated lower efficacy in blocking SCG transmission, if compared with that of IEM-1556. The results suggest that IEM-1556 is a highly selective blocking agent for parasympathetic vermin sympathetic pathways, and its selectivity is determined by the presence of a decyl altphatlc radical in its molecule.


Physical fitness comprises two related concepts: general fitness (a state of health and well-being), and specific fitness (a task-oriented definition based on the ability to perform specific aspects of sports or occupations). Physical fitness is generally achieved through correct nutrition, exercise, and rest. The sample of the present study comprised of 40 kho-kho and kabaddi players of India. Keeping the view the purpose of the study they were divided into two groups kho-kho (N=20) and kabaddi (N=20). The result shows that the Static Strength, Flexibility and Cardiovascular Endurance of kho-kho players were significantly higher than the kabaddi players. The obtained t-value 5.52, 3.32, 2.09 is more than the tabulated value t 0.05 (38) = 1.684. But there is no significant difference of Speed and Explosive Strength component between kho-kho and kabaddi players. The obtained t-value 1.50, 0.380 is less than the tabulated value t 0.05 (38) = 1.684. Introduction Health-related physical fitness is defined as fitness related to some aspect of health. This type of physical fitness is primarily influenced by an individual's exercise habits; thus, it is a dynamic state and may change. Physical characteristics that constitute health-related physical fitness include strength and endurance of skeletal muscles, joint flexibility, body composition, and cardiorespiratory endurance. All these attributes change in response to appropriate physical conditioning programs, and all are related to health. Physical fitness has been defined as a set of attributes or characteristics that people have or achieve that relates to the ability to perform physical activity.The above definition from Physical Activity and Health: A Report of the Surgeon General is the most common currently used definition of physical fitness. It was originally used by Caspersen and has been used extensively. Large scale studies examining this issue have been primarily conducted with Caucasian samples from North America(Pitetti et al. 2001; Chanias et al.1998; Eichstaedt et al. 1991). Chen (2010) pointed out that students with intellectual impairment might not be able to understand the instructions in physical education courses at schools. Furthermore, some students were unwilling to participate in physical activities even if they could understand the instruction. The long-term consequences included overweight and poor physical fitness. Regarding physiological and motor development in people with intellectual impairment, more severe impairment causes greater variance in physiological and motor development, which is also associated with health problems (Ho, 2001; Huang, 1989; Draheim, McCubbin, & Williams, 2002). Tarandeep et al. (2012) comparison of health related physical fitness components between urban and rural primary school children. The sample was 20 Subjects, 9 years of age 10 of urban primary school children (girls) and 10 subjects of rural primary school children (girls). Five Health related physical fitness components (40 yard dash, standing broad jump, handgrip, sit and reach and 600 yard run/ walk) were taken. The result shows that the static strength of rural children's was significantly higher than the urban school children. But there is no significant difference of speed, explosive strength, flexibility and cardiovascular endurance components between urban and rural primary school children. Methodology Subject and Design The present study was conducted on 40 Kho-Kho and Kabaddi players of India. Keeping in view the objectives, the players were categorized into two main groups: KhoKho (20), and Kabaddi (20) players. The sample was collected from Jai Public School, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan. Their age was 14 year group. Tools to be used: The physical fitness battery includes a combination of physical fitness and health related task. Three of the test was used to measure grip strength, dash and standing broad jum. The other three, all indicators of health related fitness will be selected for their suitability in field conditions, specifically for ease of administration without extensive equipment. All tests were administered during the school day. Detailed descriptions of each fitness test are described given below.  Dynamometer for static strength.  40 yard dash for speed.  600 yard run/walk for cardiovascular endurance.  Sit and reach for flexibility.  Standing broad jump for explosive strength. Statistical Analysis This was a comparative study of two group of kho-kho and kabaddi game players for finding out difference in criterion measure the mean difference of these groups were tested for significance by 't' test and level of significance was set at 0.05 level. Analysis of Data and Result of the Study There are at least two level at which Data are categorized, presented and analyzed statistically in this study. The selected variable and group has been compared.


PURPOSE
To evaluate the effects of ureteral stent duration prior to ureteroscopy (URS) or shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) on infectious complications, healthcare resource utilization (HCRU), and costs.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Patients who underwent URS/SWL within 6-months of ureteral stent placement were identified from commercial claims, categorized by time from stent placement to URS (0-15, 16-30, 31-60, and >60 days) or SWL (0-15, 16-30, and >30 days), and followed 1-month post-procedure. The relationship between ureteral stent duration and emergency department (ED) visits, inpatient admissions, infectious complications (pyelonephritis/sepsis), imaging, and costs was evaluated.

RESULTS
Mean time to URS (n=9,276 patients) was 21.3±24.4 days and SWL (n=4,689 patients) was 19.0±24.8 days. Compared to patients who underwent URS within 15 days of ureteral stent placement, URS 31-60 days after ureteral stent placement was significantly associated with inpatient admissions ( odds ratio [OR]: 2.56,95% confidence interval (CI): 2.03-3.22); infectious complications (OR: 2.82,95% CI: 2.09-3.81); imaging ( OR: 2.12, 95% CI: 1.82-2.46); and medical costs (OR: 1.49, 95% CI: 1.40-1.58). Compared to patients who underwent SWL within 15 days of ureteral stent placement, SWL more than 30 days after ureteral stent placement was significantly associated with ED visits (OR: 1.79, 95% CI: 1.37-2.34); inpatient admissions (OR: 3.34,95% CI: 2.38-4.69); infectious complications (OR: 3.54,95% CI: 2.20-5.70); imaging (OR: 2.65, 95% CI: 2.23-3.15); and medical costs (OR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.36-1.54).

CONCLUSIONS
URS or SWL >30 days after ureteral stent placement increased the likelihood of infectious complications, HCRU, and medical costs.


The changes in the rheological characteristics of beef ham products were studied using a dynamic penetrometer with a cone angle of 10 ° and 30°. The ratios of the immersion depths of the cone of a dynamic penetrometer for different muscles (m.Semimembranosus and m. Longissimus dorsi) were calculated. When using different cones, the ratios varied depending on the content of the connective tissue in the meat, as well as in the process. Moreover, the more connective tissue in meat, the less the ratio of strength characteristics of meat along and across its fibers. The stage at which there was significant deterioration in the sensory indices was determined.


Discussion of genetic links and monetary payments in South African and foreign surrogate mother agreements with particular reference to the English experience.


Theoretical and experimental studies of low-frequency electrostatic waves in plasmas containing negatively charged dust grains are described. The presence of charged dust is shown to modify the properties of ion-acoustic waves and electrostatic ion-cyclotron waves through the quasineutrality condition even though the dust grains do not participate in the wave dynamics. If the dust dynamics is included in the analysis, new "dust modes" appear—dust acoustic and dust cyclotron modes. The results of laboratory experiments dealing with dust ion acoustic (DIA) waves and electrostatic dust ion cyclotron (EDIC) waves are shown. These modes are more easily excited in a plasma containing negatively charged dust. Finally, observations of dust acoustic (DA) waves are presented and measurements of the dispersion relation are compared with one obtained from fluid theory.