The ambulance antenna shown is a specially designed system that allows satellite-relayed two-way communications between a moving emergency vehicle and a hospital emergency room. It is a key component of a demonstration program aimed at showing how emergency medical service can be provided to people in remote rural areas. Satellite communication permits immediate, hospital- guided treatment of heart attacks or other emergencies by ambulance personnel, saving vital time when the scene of the emergency is remote from the hospital. If widely adopted, the system could save tens of thousands of lives annually in the U.S. alone, medical experts say. The problem in conventional communication with rural areas is the fact that radio signals travel in line of sight. They may be blocked by tall buildings, hills and mountains, or even by the curvature of the Earth, so signal range is sharply limited. Microwave relay towers could solve the problem, but a complete network of repeater towers would be extremely expensive. The satellite provides an obstruction-free relay station in space.


Abstract : Identification of mine-like contacts (MLCs) is a pressing fleet need. During MCM operations, sonar contacts are classified as mine-like if they are sufficiently similar to signatures of mines. Each contact classified as mine-like must be identified as a mine or not a mine. During MCM operations in littoral areas, tens or even hundreds of MLCs must be identified. This time consuming identification process is performed by EOD divers or ROVs, and is the rate limiting step in many MCM operations. A method to provide rapid visual identification of MLCs would dramatically speed up such operations. Acquisition of Electro-Optic Identification (EOID) sensors for MLC identification is currently underway to support both Air Mine Counter-Measures (AMCM) and Surface Mine Counter-Measures (SMCM) operations.


In order to get rid of the effect of earning management and changes in accounting regulation in the accounting study approach,we analyzed the acquiring performance based on cash flow analysis.Taking 190 listed acquiring companies from 2003 to 2005 as the sample of research,we analyzed the performance fluctuation of acquiring firms 2 years before and after the acquiring event by means of the factor analysis model.Researches show that the acquiring action has brought forth remarkable influence on acquiring firms,the traditional earning related indexes cannot evaluate acquiring performance precisely,and the long-term performance of acquiring has a meliorative trend.


Here we report the aqueous synthesis of CdTe nanocrystals capped with 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) and the evaluation of the effect of mixing different thiols with MPA on the spectroscopic and electrochemical properties. Additional ligands were cysteine (CYS) and glutathione (GSH). CYS and GSH produce opposite effects on the photoluminescence quantum yield (QY) with a decrease and increase in QY in comparison to MPA, respectively. All samples exhibited monoexponential photoluminescence decays indicating the presence of high-quality nanocrystals. Electrochemical measurements evidenced the presence of several redox peaks and allowed the calculation of the electrochemical band gaps, which were in agreement with the values estimated from absorption spectra and reflected differences in nanocrystal size.


This paper explores literature relating to the gay travel market. It argues that the current discourse in this area has largely concentrated on the demand–led approaches such as the motivations and demographic profiles of gay travellers and the use of gay space. However, in light of societal change as well as the increasing role of technology, there is a need to revisit the demographic, motivational and behavioural characteristics of gay travellers, particularly in the context of their use of gay space. With this in mind, this paper highlights a number of significant opportunities for future research into the gay travel market.


This paper discusses the necessity of carrying out the energy saving modification for thermal power units and their auxiliary equipment,introduces the basic principles of liquid resistance speed control technique,and puts forward the concrete implement plan.


Cloud computing is seen as an increasingly important enabler for improving productivity, efficiency and cost reduction. This research aims to identify factors that are perceived likely to influence the adoption of cloud computing for Australian municipal governments. The research model draws from the technology-organization-environment (TOE) framework and the diffusion of innovation (DOI) model. The research employed in-depth interviews of Australian councils' IT managers. The main factors that were identified as playing a significant role in Australian local council's adoption of cloud services were: relative advantage, compatibility, cost, technology readiness, competitive pressure.


Dependences on the nature and molalities of added solutes of rate constants for reactions in aqueous solutions have been examined, using the formalism of transition-state theory, in terms of the corresponding dependences of activity coefficients for solutes. Activity coefficients for neutral reactants and transition states are discussed in terms of pairwise solute–solute interactions and then in terms of group interaction parameters using the Savage–Wood additivity of groups (SWAG) procedures. The treatment is extended to a consideration of trends in enthalpies of activation in terms of enthalpic interaction parameters. Systems are grouped into four classes on the basis of changes in hydrophobic and hydrophilic character of substrates on proceeding from initial to transition states and on the basis of the hydrophobic and hydrophylic character of added solutes. In the case of reactions between hydroxide and bromophenol blue anions the dependence of kinetic parameters on added salt is understood, using Pitzer's equations, in terms of charge-charge and pairwise ion-ion interactions, the latter accounting for specific salt effects.


Pandemic is a life event strongly associated with uncertainty, ambiguity, and loss of control. Each of which triggers emotional distress that has become a growing topic in research studies related to stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. A number of previous studies have proven a possible effect of providing a stimulus that involves cognitive processes on emotional responses. Movie scene is one of the most effective methods used in Mood Induction Procedures (MIP). Positive emotion that reflects the extent to which a person feels enthusiastic and active could also be raised with this method. A total of 60 sophomore year students of the Faculty of Psychology at Padjadjaran University with emotional distress were selected using convenience sampling. Participants were divided into two groups, in which one group received treatment in the form of entertaining movie scenes, and the other group did not. Both groups filled out PANAS (Positive and Negative Affect Schedule) questionnaire to provide measurement result of the positive emotion they experienced. Independent sample t-test was performed and it showed a significant result that the provision of movie scenes affected positive emotion in participants who were experiencing distress.


In order to reveal the breakage mechanism of flat end mill under periodic thermal shock, transient temperature field model of chisel edge were established by heat source method, transient temperature field model of side edge were established along the sliced differential elements from the bottom of the flute toward the final axial depth of cut by means of line heat source. The simulation results show that transient temperature field prediction model can be used for prediction transient temperature field in high speeding.


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 This paper aims to contribute to the small but growing field of cosmopolitanism in curriculum theory research and its intersection with literature education. While much of current scholarship in education and other disciplines tends to underscore cosmopolitanism as a normative project - as a principle or code of ethics which may or may not influence schooling from the top-down - I argue that when examined in the particularities of literature, cosmopolitanism functions in radically different, contextual ways. As a curricular case in point and examined in this paper, the cosmopolitan literary imagination illustrated in Philip Roth's short story "Eli, the Fanatic" contains a series of productive paradoxes that become a curriculum for cosmopolitanism.


SNOW, CATHERINE E., and HOEFNAGEL-H6HLE, MARIAN. The Critical Period for Language Acquistion: Evidence from Second Language Learning. CHILD DEVELOPMENT, 1978, 49, 1114-1128. The critical period hypothesis holds that first language acquisition must occur before cerebral lateralization is complete, at about the age of puberty. One prediction of this hypothesis is that second language acquisition will be relatively fast, successful, and qualitatively similar to first language only if it occurs before the age of puberty. This prediction was tested by studying longitudinally the naturalistic acquisition of Dutch by English speakers of different ages. The subjects were tested 3 times during their first year in Holland, with an extensive test battery designed to assess several aspects of their second language ability. It was found that the subjects in the age groups 12-15 and adult made the fastest progress during the first few months of learning Dutch and that at the end of the first year the 8-10and 12-15-year-olds had achieved the best control of Dutch. The 3-5-year-olds scored lowest on all the tests employed. These data do not support the critical period hypothesis for language acquisition.


ABSTRACT Engaging with the theoretical literature on liberalism and minority cultural rights generated by Canadian scholars Will Kymlicka, Charles Taylor, and Alan Patten, this article offers an initial evaluation of the claim that rural agrarian communities exist as minority cultural communities bound together by a strong collective identity and conception of the good and are therefore deserving of certain group-differentiated rights designed to thwart their decline. Although it may appear unusual to locate a community held together by an economic activity on a scale equal to other, more commonly mentioned minority groups held together by ethnicity, religion, or language, this article highlights some shared "formative conditions" that bind this community together in a cultural way before concluding that there is reason to believe that liberal justice may require certain rights be made available to such communities. The article closes with a brief consideration of the policy implications of such a finding.


Randomized experiments (A/B testings) have become the standard way for web-facing companies to guide innovation, evaluate new products, and prioritize ideas. There are times, however, when running an experiment is too complicated (e.g., we have not built the infrastructure), costly (e.g., the intervention will have a substantial negative impact on revenue), and time-consuming (e.g., the effect may take months to materialize). Even if we can run an experiment, knowing the magnitude of the impact will significantly accelerate the product development life cycle by helping us prioritize tests and determine the appropriate traffic allocation for different treatment groups. In this setting, we should leverage observational data to quickly and cost-efficiently obtain a reliable estimate of the causal effect. Although causal inference from observational data has a long history, its adoption by data scientist in technology companies has been slow. In this paper, we rectify this by providing a brief introduction to the vast field of causal inference with a specific focus on the tools and techniques that data scientist can directly leverage. We illustrate how to apply some of these methodologies to measure the effect of contributions (e.g., post, comment, like or send private messages) on engagement metrics. Evaluating the impact of contributions on engagement through an A/B test requires encouragement design and the development of non-standard experimentation infrastructure, which can consume a tremendous amount of time and financial resources. We present multiple efficient strategies that exploit historical data to accurately estimate the contemporaneous (or instantaneous) causal effect of a user's contribution on her own and her neighbors' (i.e., the users she is connected to) subsequent visitation frequency. We apply these tools to LinkedIn data for several million members.


In this work, an active printhead alignment method for wide format printing systems is proposed. Instead of tightening manufacturing tolerances, the misalignment of each printhead is measured with respect to the printer frame and is regulated using a voice coil actuator. This dramatically increases performance where costs of the alignment mechanism can be compensated by loosening the manufacturing tolerances which would otherwise be necessary. An experimental setup has been build for proof-of-concept. The experiments show promising results. Printheads can be aligned with an accuracy of 2 mum. The higher print accuracy results in a better print quality and enables additional features such as higher resolution printing (> 600 dpi) and adding redundant printheads for covering temporary nozzle disfunctioning.


Objective To investigate the influence of elevated serum homocysteine level on microvascular flow and survival in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction after primary percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods A total of 96 patients with STEMI underwent primary PCI were divided into 2 groups according to the serum homocysteine level after admission:group A:15μmol/L,group B:≥15μmol/L.TIMI flow and TMPG after PCI and cardiac function in the first week after PCI were assessed.Results Rates of 2-vessel or 3-vessel diseases were similar between two groups(48.1%vs 65.9%,P0.05).Rates of grade 3 TIMI flow after PCI were similar between two groups(90.4%vs 90.9%,P0.05).Rate of grade 0-2 of TIMI myocardial perfusion grade(TMPG)after PCI was higher in group B(21.2%vs 45.5%,P0.05).rate of grade 3 of TMPG after PCI was higher in group A(78.8%vs 54.5%,P0.05).LVEF was higher in group A than that of group B(56.6±8.9)%vs(49.0±8.1)%,P0.01.Conclusion Elevated serum homocysteine level in acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients treated with primary PCI is associated with reduced myocardial microvascular flow and cardiac function.


With the adoption of the Amsterdam Agenda at the 5 World Conference on Research Integrity, the World Conferences on Research Integrity committed to establish a Registry for Research on the Responsible Conduct of Research (RRRCR). The primary goal of RRRCR is to improve the quality of research on the responsible conduct of research by making its goals, methods and assessment more transparent. For more information on the importance of preregistration, see Nosek BA. The preregistration revolution. PNAS 2018; 115: 2600-6.


Physical education lesson was commonly interpreted as sport education. As a result, sport skill and achievement were the main achievement in physical education class. Student who could perform many sport skills will love physical education a lot, on other hand student who could not perform well would not like this lesson. However, the main purpose in the physical education lesson is not only about sport, but also to promote a healthy life (body and mind). So, the ability in sport is not the main goal, nevertheless they are only used to achieve the healthy body and mind for every student who learns in this class as the primary goal. In Indonesia the implementation of physical education is regulated by the government regulation, especially for elementary and high school level. Whereas the implementation on physical education lesson in preschool and university level, depends on the institution decision. The main duty of a physical education teacher is to encourage every student (who are good or not in sport skill) to have a healthy life, and it could be applied easier by a good understanding of the multiple intelligence theory. This research aims to provide an interesting view of physical education class by using multiple intelligences theory. Moreover, this study also analyzes the application and Reflection of MI in Physical Education Lesson in preschool, elementary school, junior high school, senior high school and university. This is a qualitative research with participantobserver study in several schools about 4 years. There are some typical multiple intelligence characteristics on every education level. The implication and suggestion for physical education class will be explained in this paper. Keywords—Physical Education, multiple intelligences, curriculum,


Bisoprolol Fumarate is a cardioselective β-blocker which is used for the treatment of stable chronic heart failure with reduced systolic left ventricular function in addition to ACE inhibitors, diuretics, and optionally cardiac glycosides. The presently preferred route of administration for Bisoprolol fumarate is oral. The oral dosage form is of compressed tablet prepared by direct compression method. The rapid onset of action is not achieved through conventional dosage form. To overcome this problem fast dissolving drug delivery system was choosen the present work is to formulate ‗Fast Dissolving Tablet' of Bisoprolol Fumarate by using various super disintegrants like Croscarmellose sodium, SSG, Crosspovidone, PVP K-30. OBJECTIVES: To provide a drug delivery system which provides rapid onset of action. To provide a drug delivery system which increases the patient compliance, effectiveness of therapy and reduces the chance of adverse effects. To develop a physicochemical stable drug delivery system of Bisoprolol fumarate To evaluate all the parameters of formulation in detail. To optimize the parameters using factorial design, the present study which was carried out to formulate and optimize the parameter of Fast dissolving tablets contain Bisoprolol Fumarate by direct compression method; the following conclusion can be drawn. The total weight of F6 batch was 100 mg contained Bisoprolol Fumarate -5%, croscarmilose sodium -6%, Mannitol-55%, microcrystalline cellulose 26%, Lactose-8%, magnesium stearate- 2%, talc-2%. The Prefromulation study provided the following information of optimized batch as Angle of repose- 22o17' good to flow, Bulk density-0.33 g/cm3, Tapped density-0.38 g/cm3 , Compressibility Index-11.11 % good to flow, Hausner's ratio-1.125. Post parameter evaluation of tablets were found to be Weight variation-100.67± obeys the IP limits ± 7.5 % , Thickness uniformity-2.5 mm, Hardness-3.2 Kg/cm2, Friability-0.48 %, Wetting time-54, Disintegration time-24 sec, In-vitro release studies- in 10 min. From the above result it has been concluded that croscarmilose sodium at high concentration (6%) given quick disintegration (24 sec) and in-vitro drug release (99.91%) in 10 min. Based on disintegration and in-vitro drug release formulation (F6) containing croscarmilose sodium (6%) was the optimized batch. The results of a 32 full factorial design revealed that the amount of lactose and magnesium stearate significantly affect the dependent variables such as % friability, wetting time, disintegration time and In-vitro drug release. Thus it is concluded that by adopting a systematic formulation approach, an optimum point can be reached in the shortest time with minimum efforts.


Sir, During the past two decades Gram-positive bacteria, predominantly staphylococci and streptococci, have reemerged as important pathogens. Staphylococci, in particular, have demonstrated a remarkable propensity for acquiring mechanisms of resistance to every new antimicrobial to become available and for spreading among patients, institutions and communities. More recently, there have also been increasing concerns about -lactam resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae and other streptococci. Clearly, there is a pressing need to identify novel compounds that can be used as therapy for patients with infections caused by these organisms. Quinupristin/dalfopristin, a combination of two streptogramins, is one such agent. It has been shown to have excellent activity in vitro against a broad range of staphylococci and streptococci, including strains that exhibit multidrug r e s i s t a n c e . Resistance to streptogramins can develop through one of several mechanisms—alteration of the target site (the most common mechanism), active transport or e f flux mediated by an ATP-binding protein and enzyme m o d i fic a t i o n . The aims of the present study were to determine the antibiotic susceptibilities of strains of S t a p h y l o c o c cus aureus and S t r e p t o c o c c u s spp. exhibiting intermediate susceptibility or resistance to quinupristin/dalfopristin and to investigate the clonal relatedness of these strains. The bacteria studied were identified from among a total of 2393 strains of S. aureus (574 of which were resistant to methicillin), 963 of S. pneumoniaeand 486 of other Strepto coccus spp. isolated in 24 university hospitals participating in the European SENTRY antimicrobial surveillance programme between April 1997 and February 1999. MICs of quinupristin/dalfopristin for the isolates were determined by a microbroth dilution method recommended by the NCCLS. The susceptibilities of strains for which the MICs of quinupristin/dalfopristin were 2 mg/L to several antibiotics were then determined by the same microbroth dilution method. The antibiotics were as follows: penicillin, oxacillin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, erythromycin, clindamycin, teicoplanin, vancomycin and the novel oxazolidinone, linezolid. In addition, the S. aureus strains were typed by a PFGE method described previously. Of the 3842 non-replicate strains submitted, 21 (0.9%) S. aureus isolates, one (0.1%) S. pneumoniae isolate and six (1.2%) other Streptococcus spp. isolates (comprising one strain each of Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus bovis, Streptococcus porcinus, Streptococcus intermedius and Streptococcus sanguis) exhibited intermediate susceptibility or resistance to quinupristin/ dalfopristin. Of the 21 S. aureus isolates, 18 were methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and three were methicillin-susceptible (MSSA); therefore 3.1% of MRSA isolates and 0.2% of MSSA isolates were non-susceptible to quinupristin/ dalfopristin. Most (16) of the 21 S. aureusstrains that were resistant to quinupristin/dalfopristin were referred from three hospitals in France, one of which contributed 14 strains. The remainder came from hospitals in Spain (three strains), Austria (one) and the UK (one). The single quinupristin/ dalfopristin-resistant S. pneumoniae isolate was isolated in Germany and the six Streptococcus spp. isolates were from France (two strains), Austria (one), Italy (one), The Netherlands (one) and Turkey (one). Twenty-three (82%) of the 28 isolates were recovered from patients with bacteraemias, the remaining strains being isolated from patients with wound infections (three strains) or nosocomial pneumonias (two). The susceptibilities of the 28 strains are summarized in the Table. All 21 quinupristin/dalfopristin-resistant S. aureus isolates expressed the MLSB resistance phenotype and were resistant to penicillin and ciprofloxacin. The 18 MRSA isolates were also resistant to gentamicin (with 16 exhibiting high-level resistance) and five exhibited intermediate susceptibility to vancomycin (MICs 4 mg/L). The single quinupristin/dalfopristin-resistant S. pneumoniae


On the basis of the performance evaluation index and the financial data collectin of thirteen sporting productions listed companies from 2008 to 2010,the performance are calculated with the factor analysis method.The paper furtherly compares them with the eighteen benchmarking listed companies to identify the status in the whole of the textile industry.And it classifies these thirteen sporting productions listed companies with the clustering method.The result shows that,compared with the benchmarking companies,the sporting productions listed companies have a better developing level and more space to get elevated.The sporting productions listed companies have the most handsome profitability but a plain asset operation while the debt risk and growth of them can be medium.The sporting productions listed companies are classified into five types whose advantages and disadvantages are analyzed.At last,taking LINING company as an example,the paper tries to explore the problems of the sporting productions listed companies.


The soluble solids content (SSC) of fruits is an important parameter that influences its internal quality. Visible near-infrared (Vis-NIR) spectroscopy is a effective means to detect the internal quality of fruits and vegetables. Measuring samples by instruments generates noise due to environmental factors and machine vibrations, which affects the accuracy of predictions. In this paper, we use standard normalized variables (SNV) and multiplicative scattering correction (MSC) to preprocess the spectral wavelengths, which can effectively reduce the effect of noise. In addition, spectral data contain many redundant variables and useless information, leading to poor prediction of the model. In order to solve this problem, this paper propose a wavelength selection method based on a hybrid strategy of Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Competitive Adaptive Reweighted Sampling (CARS) to screen the effective variables. And the final model is created by partial least squares (PLSR). The GA-CARS model with 84 selected variables has better predictive performance compared to the origin spectrum. In the experiments, samples are obtained from fresh citrus grown in farms around Guilin, and the spectra of citrus are detected in the range of 590 nm-940 nm with a Vis-NIR spectrometer. The experimental results showed that the performance of the prediction model is improved after wavelength screening (RMSEP=0.1581, R2=0.9245). Compared with the traditional algorithm, GA-CARS is an excellent method for screening variables, and the screened wavelengths combined with the model established by PLSR can be a rapid means to detect the SSC of citrus.


A half of a brick is still a brick. Half a brick is a block. A building block, it is
a thing of construction. Repeated, it makes a wall. Unnoticed, it is a stumbling block. It is mobile. When lobbed, it brings the construction down.
This research draws on legacies of minimalism, as exemplified in processes of isolation and the repetition of a singular unit – but it is not reductive. Literal theatricality is embraced and ramped up in the drafting of stage directions, and lighting and effects plots embedded as a part of picture making. As with theatrical scripts, a looped feedback of proposition and account is employed and items are expelled and accumulate around the questions: 'What is the record?' 'What is the thing?' Within this recursive process motifs appear. Each form, whether it be half a brick, a choral ode, a riddle, a monogram or a rolled butterfly collar, expands on the materiality and mechanisms of the thing itself. The approach is to creep up on it: a form of research by stealth.


The retrial is a lawsuit systems which is generally used in the world. In the aspect of safeguarding fairness and justice and realizing relief of the rights, it plays an important role. The retrial system in second instance have some problems in judicial practice, to some extent, which limit the purpose of criminal procedure. New criminal procedure law reformed the retrial system, limiting the number of the retrial. In this context, to abolish the disadvantages of the retrial system, we still need to further standardize the application of retrial, reconstruct the lawsuit system of form and judicial restriction mechanism.


Tritium diffusion in aluminum and beryllium oxides was studied by recoiling tritium into specimens and measuring the time rate of tritium release during postirradiation heating. Results were consistent with classical diffusion solutions and gave single values for the diffusion activation energy over the temperature range of measurement for single-crystal, sintered, and powdered specimens. Varying amounts of tritium were released as tritiated water even after attempts to remove most of the water absorbed by the specimens. Condensable amounts of tritium ranged from approximately 20% for single-crystal specimens to as high as 90% for some powders. Alumina containing 0.2% MgO gave tritium diffusion coefficients 4 to 5 orders of magnitude higher than those for undoped Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/, implying a significant impurity effect on tritium diffusion. Measured diffusion coefficients were many orders of magnitude lower than hydrogen diffusion coefficients in metals. When a simple equilibrium permeation model was used which neglected tritium partition effects at interfaces and enhanced diffusion along grain boundaries, it was shown that thin coatings of beryllium or aluminum oxides on metal substrates could markedly reduce tritium permeation rates through metals. The present results may be applied in the future to fusion reactors where tritium inventories will be highmore » and tritium diffusion within the blanket region undesirable.« less


In today's society, the level of technology is constantly improving. Since the first industrial revolution, the technological revolution has been deepening, and the retail industry has also developed innovatively. As the basic industry of the economic system, the development of the retail industry plays a vital role in stimulating domestic demand, meeting the growing material needs of our people and promoting the healthy and sustainable growth of our economy. Since the beginning of the 21st century, especially since the implementation of the "Internet plus" strategy, new technological changes marked by big data, cloud technology, artificial intelligence, quantum science and structural biology have gradually started the new wave of industrial revolution. Under the background of the new industrial revolution, facing the international competition of economic globalization, it is of great significance to study the innovative development trend of China's retail formats, so as to make breakthroughs in the development of innovative retail formats and benefit from the global value chain.


The 2008 revised American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommendation for 400 IU/day vitamin D intake makes progress toward achieving infant vitamin D sufficiency in the United States. Further study, however, is needed both to define vitamin D sufficiency for preterm infants based on markers of vitamin D biologic function and to develop supplementation strategies to ensure adequate vitamin D intake and, thus, vitamin D sufficiency in this at-risk population. In this review, we highlight some of the issues surrounding vitamin D status of the neonate and the particular risks for the preterm infant. We review the evidence regarding the impact of vitamin D deficiency in this population and the safety and efficacy of vitamin D supplementation. Based on previous study in preterm infants, the current AAP guidelines to achieve serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] status of at least 50 nmol/L and to receive at least 400 IU/day are safe and possibly adequate. Because of the nutritional difficulties in achieving consistent delivery of 400 IU/day of vitamin D in the preterm infant, it is imperative to devise strategies for close monitoring of each preterm infant9s vitamin D status and consider oral vitamin D supplementation as an important adjunct to dietary sources and multivitamin preparations.


The purpose of this study is to examine the influence that the marriage view of unmarried women have on future marriage, and to study which meaning this result have in the family health. Thus, for the study purpose which corresponds with it, the question survey was made, by making 500 unmarried wome...


The pulsed Nd:YAG laser is the most commonly used type of solid-state laser in many fields. In material processing and medical treatment, the power density control of a laser beam considered to be significant, which depends on the flashlamp current pulse width and pulse repetition rate. For general laser power supply to control the laser power density, the secondary of the power transformer is connected to the rectifier and filter capacitor. The output of a rectifier is applied to a switching element in the secondary of the transformer. So power supply is complicated and the loss of switching is considerable. In addition, according to increasing pulse repetition rate, charged energy of the energy-storage capacitor bank is not transferred sufficiently to a flashlamp, and laser output efficiency decreases. In this study, we have proposed a power supply in which the SCR was turned on at the zero point of input AC voltage by the method of zero crossing control (ZCC). As a result of that, the new power supply employed ZCC are simple and compact in design. Laser output efficiency increased by 3.5% other than conventional power supply (SCADC), when a repetition rate was increased by 10 pps. For 60 pps, efficiency was increased by about 20%.


The history of the Persian poets is the history of the Persian nation; it is the biography of their greatest men, whose lives, whose actions, whose feelings, and whose tastes, are all, in a greater or less degree, associated with poetry and influenced by poetic impulse. This influence was exercised over the highest potentates by the most subordinate of their subjects. Their graver historians supply countless anecdotes of men exalted to rank and power, and enjoying the unlimited favour of their Sovereign by this sole merit. Lives have been sacrificed, or spared—cities have been annihilated, or ransomed—empires subverted, or restored—by the influence of poetry alone. Armies, levied to avenge the insult of an epigram, have been disbanded at its palinodia; the prison has opened its gates to the ingenious author of an impromptu; stanzas have saved a suppliant's life, and a well-turned compliment in verse more than once soothed a breast in which dwelt all the undisciplined passions of Eastern despotism. Even history itself is indebted to this taste, and if not written in verse, its pages are enriched with metrical fragments and quotations, while the earliest annals of the Persian empire are preserved in the poetic legends of the Shah Nameh.


Purpose

This paper aims to explore the relationship between delay factors and construction project performance with respect to project risk mitigation strategies as moderators.

Design/methodology/approach

Random sampling was used to select the sample of the study. Data were gathered through a survey of 204 Malaysian construction companies. The data were analysed using the partial least squares technique.

Findings

The results indicate that environmental, resource and coordination issues negatively affect construction project performance. Project visibility and flexibility can mitigate the negative effects of both resource and coordination issues on project performance. Furthermore, supplier development can mitigate the negative effects of coordination issues.

Practical implications

The findings of the study will be useful for construction firms to complete construction projects timely, within a scheduled budget and with only minor defects if adopted.

Originality/value

This study is among the first to empirically test the moderating role of risk mitigation strategies on the relationship between delay factors and project performance in the construction industry.


ONE OF the fundamental difficulties in the understanding of hearing is the lack of knowledge of the physical characteristics of the aural structures. Improved knowledge of the physics of the cochlea not only would give a more direct understanding of the processes found in the inner ear but would give the physicist and the mathematician the necessary foundation for mathematical-physical interpretations. The mathematical treatises have been handicapped in the past because the mathematician did not possess the necessary knowledge of physical constants to formulate his initial equations. The most splendid mathematical solution of any problem is unsatisfactory if the formulation of the initial equation contained physical errors. Many times biomathematicians working on the ear were defeated in their endeavors because the magnitude of dampening, elasticity, tension and other fundamental physical qualities of the anatomic structures could not be determined with the available methods. Experiments were devised to furnish experimental data


B.adolsecentis was used in protein carrier Ⅰ?Ⅱ?Ⅲ,sucrose and proliferative factors was acquired,two percent Sthermophilus and L.bugaricus(1∶1) and five percent B.adolsecentis was inoculated.After the earlier stage fermentation with 4.5~6.0 h at 38~39℃,the end was judged when PH was 4.6~4.8 and °T was 70~80.Then after the later stage fermentation with 12~16 h at 2~5℃,we could get two kinds of health care drink with special function and special flavour.


Based on the traditional parameter-oriented model updating method,the main cable was divided into multiple segments,each segment's elastic modulus was set as an independent model updating parameter,then an improved method,parameter-optimized model updating method for updating long-span suspension bridge finite element model was proposed.Firstly,according to the calculated sensitivity of the drafted parameters,high-sensitivity model parameters were selected as model updating parameters.The parameter sensitivity matrix was obtained by the repeated finite element analysis;the condition of parameter identification was optimized and the model updating parameter was recognized.As an example,the finite element model of the Xihoumen bridge,the world's longest separated steel box girder suspension bridge,was built and updated by parameter-optimized model updating method.The results show that the error between the measuring points and the updated model is less than 5%,the whole and local responses of the model are very consistent with the actual state of the bridge.That proved the method could be applied for updating the long-span suspension bridge model.


Efficient VUV excimer lamps with two types of discharge configurations, expanding jet discharge and silent discharge (dielectric-barrier discharge) in a variety of rare gases and their mixtures, are presented. In the jet discharges VUV output power was 9 mW with an efficiency of 10-2% at 126 nm for argon excimers. Output powers of other excimers were 300 mW with 1.0% efficiency at 146 nm for krypton excimers and 500 mW with 1.6% efficiency at 176 nm for xenon excimers. Simultaneous emissions from hetero-nuclear rare gas excimers (ArKr*, 135 nm) as well as homo-nuclear rare gas excimers (Ar2* and Kr2*) were observed by using rare gas mixtures of argon and krypton. Output powers and efficiencies of the silent discharge excimer lamps were 500 mW and 1.6% for argon, 5 W and 13% for krypton, and 5 W and 20% for xenon excimers. In the silent discharge extremely broad band excimer emissions were observed at the center wavelengths of 145 nm for an argon/krypton mixture and of 163 nm for a krypton/xenon mixture. A PMMA plate was photo-chemically etched at the rates of 1 - 2 nm/min by the irradiation of the 172 nm radiation in air and argon gas atmospheres.


In this demo, we build a practical system, WeCard, to generate personalized multimodal electronic greeting cards based on parametric emotional talking avatar synthesis technologies. Given user-input greeting text and facial image, WeCard intelligently and automatically generate the personalized speech with expressive lip-motion synchronized facial animation. Besides the parametric talking avatar synthesis, WeCard incorporates two key technologies: 1) automatical face mesh generation algorithm based on MPEG-4 FAPs (Facial Animation Parameters) extracted by the face alignment algorithm; 2) emotional audio-visual speech synchronization algorithm based on DBN. More specifically, WeCard merges the users? preferred electronic card scene with emotional talking avatar animation, turning the final content into flash or video file that can be easily shared with friends. By this way, WeCard can help you make your multimodal greetings to be more attractive, beautiful, and sincere.


Striped trumpeter, Latris lineata (Forster 1801), is an important deep-water by-catch and recreational fisheries species in New Zealand and Australia (Tracey & Lyle 2005; Beentjes et al. 2010). The species can grow to a relatively large size (1200 mm total length, 25 kg body weight) and live more than 40 years old (Tracey & Lyle 2005; Beentjes et al. 2010). It is regarded as a southern circum-global species widely distributed in the temperate waters of Australia, New Zealand, sub-Antarctic Auckland Island, the Gough and Tristan Da Cunha Island groups, the southern Atlantic Ocean, the Amsterdam and St. Paul Island groups in the southern Indian Ocean, and possibly across the South Pacific to the Juan Fernandez Islands and Chile (Nelson 1994; Beentjes et al. 2010; Froese & Pauly 2012) and more recently the Foundation seamount in the southern Pacific Ocean (Roberts 2003). From these accounts their distribution is limited to a latitudinal belt spanning from 35o S to 51o S (Roberts 2003; Tracey et al. 2007). However, the striped trumpeter has never been reported from the southwest Atlantic.


Commercial concept designs are being developed for candidate coal gasification processes. A part of this effort is to determine if there is an economic justification for recovering ammonia from process waste waters. This report presents the results of that study. Based on the waste water feed and the current product ammonia price used in this study, ammonia recovery is economically attractive. Of the two ammonia recovery processes studied, the USS Engineers process has both lower capital and operating costs and is recommended for use in future commercial concept designs.


Acknowledgments Introduction Part I. The Committee and the Culture: 1. The stage is set 2. The social drama 3. Dramatizing directly Part II. Making Analogies: 4. Witch hunt 5. Inquisition 6. Informers 7. Forensics Conclusion Notes Screen credits Television and radio credits Index.


SUMMARY 120, day old commercial broiler chicks were obtained and divided into two equal groups i.e. control (A) and treatment (B). Each chick of both groups was weighed and then dosed with one ml of either tryptose phosphate broth (A) or prepared inocula (B) at the same day. Chicks of both groups were housed separately under similar standard and managemental conditions. In the subsequent period of the experiment, it was observed that these severely effected birds had few ruffled, short broken shaft, mature wing feathers and in the later stages of experiment, these birds had pale combs, wattles and shanks. During 28 days experiment, 20% of the inoculated birds died while none of the bird died amongst control group. To determine the "Feed Conversion Ratio" FCR sufficient amount of feed was provided to each group and the remaining feed in feeding troughs was calculated at the same weekly intervals. It was statistically concluded that Feed Conversion Ratio was severely impaired in birds of group B which remained significantly lighter in the weight at all the stages of the experiment. Hence we can estimate a successful induction of the syndrome by a crude intestinal homogenate prepared of the affected birds under local conditions.


Recent advancement in the historadiographic techniques has made it possible to observe the calcified tissues with comparative ease, thus enabling a fair number cf researchers to conduct work on the fine structures of bony and dental tissues. Although there is much published literature on dentin structures by the use of historadiography, an effort which compares our knowledge gained by the historadiography with that of optical microscopy is yet scarce. NALBANDIAN et al. [1], in 1960, reported their comparison of photomicrographs of opaque dentin with historadiographs. In 1964, HARCOURT [2] published a study on the sclerotic dentin in terms of historadiographs. TODA et al. (1966) [3], members of our department, published the historadiographs and photomicrographs of the exposed dentinal tubules of human dentin recently.The present study is concerned with the historadiographs of some human dentin structures that have been fairly familiar to us optical microscopically.


REMIN RIBAO is originally only a local newspaper. However, it has been expanded and changed to be the most popular-selling one in 1949 since People's Republic of China established its regime. REMIN RIBAO INDEX was published in Dec. 1960 up to now. For necessary, there are three-time large changes in the area of classification in the period of twenty years. We hope to understand its past events and development by the way of classfying all the relevent matering Moreover, we hope to learn some valuable experience from it. It goes saying in the Chinese proverb "We can learn something from somebody else."


Abrupt change from still water to current, or the reverse, results in an increase in the activity of Salvelinus fontinalis. Sudden increase in current strength and in amount of turbulence also increases activity. In still water activity takes the form of random wandering. The increase in activity while in current is manifested by movement upstream. High water temperatures (20 °C. as against 17 °C. in the experiments) result in a decrease in, or even a lack of, increased activity.


Following a period of critical illness, physical function and health-related quality of life are slow to recover, both in the short and long term. Muscle wasting and weakness during the intensive care unit (ICU) admission is a recognised contributory factor. Enhanced rehabilitation programmes are advocated to improve outcomes, and electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) has been recommended during the early critical illness trajectory. This technique is fairly new to the ICU, and limited efficacy data exists for its use in this setting. This integrative review will examine published and on-going ICU studies with the purpose of reporting on the characteristics of EMS study participants; content of EMS treatment protocols; safety of EMS in the ICU setting; effects on EMS on muscle wasting; effects of EMS on muscle strength; and future research.


Treatment of rats in vivo with cobalt chloride stimulated heme oxidation by hepatic microsomes to levels up to 800% above controls. This treatment also caused increases in liver weight and in total microsomal protein; in contrast, marked decreases were produced in microsomal oxidation of ethylmorphine (80%), and in cytochrome P-450 (60-70%) and heme (30-50%) contents. Cobalt chloride treatment did not affect heme oxidation by the spleen heme oxygenase system. The rate of heme oxidation by hepatic microsomal enzymes and the microsomal content of cytochrome P-450 were found to be unrelated. This conclusion was reached from studies in which microsomal heme oxygenase activity from cobalt-treated animals could be increased by 900% above control levels in the same microsomal preparation in which cytochrome P-450 content was decreased to spectrally unmeasurable amounts after incubation with 4 M urea. The same treatment eliminated ehtylmorphine demethylation and decreased microsomal NADPH-cytochrome c reductase (EC 188.8.131.52) activity by 75%. It is concluded that (i) the hepatic microsomal enzyme system that oxidizes heme compounds is not the same as that which metabolizes drugs, (ii) cytochrome P-450 is not essential for the oxidation of heme by liver cells, (iii) there is no direct relationship between the rate of heme oxidation and the level of NADPH-cytochrome c reductase activity, and (iv) the oxidation of heme is protein-dependent and the active proteins are inducible, but are different from those involved in drug metabolism.


Many studies have demonstrated the usefulness of optical indices from remote sensing data in the assessment of vegetation biophysical variables both in forestry and in agriculture. In this sense, this work was developed to experiment a new approach to find out the accumulated above ground biomass, using satellite images. To reach this goal, the Monteith's model was used to estimate the photosynthetically absorbed active radiation (APAR) and Field's model was used to determine the light use efficiency. These models were adjusted with some standard meteorological measurements, to establish the energy balance parameters and the biomass assessment. The light use efficiency was determined, and the surface energy balance algorithm for land (SEBAL) was used to describe the spatio-temporal variability in land wetness conditions. The influence of NDVI in the estimation of the accumulated aboveground biomass was evaluated. The model performs satisfactorily and the values obtained were compared with those found in the literature. 1. Introducao


According to the 2017 World Giving Index report released by the Charities Aid Foundation in the UK, Myanmar has been ranked number one in donations since 2015. CAF analyzes that such a high contribution index in Myanmar is due to the donation practice of Theravada buddhism. However, such an analysis is superficial in two respects. First, the above analysis lacks an analysis of the cause of high donation index in the advanced western society including the United States. Second, it can not explain why the same results did not come out in societies such as Thailand and Laos which have the same buddhist tradition, and the overwhelming majority of the people are Buddhist.
In understanding the causes of social phenomena such as donations, it is necessary to analyze socio-cultural and socio-economic conditions and context in which such practices are performed rather than focusing on specific cultural elements such as religion.
This paper explores the various meanings of ahlu, a concept of religious donation in Myanmar, and tries to analyze kahtein, which most clearly reveals the communal characteristics among ahlu ceremonies. Through this analysis, this paper claims that ahlu, as a religious practice in the Myanmar society, functions as a mechanism to organize or reinforce social relations and therefore ahlu is a social practice whose qualitative attributes are different from the western concept of donation.


The research aims to analyze the attempt of building peace in post conflict and post
disaster condition, which is implemented by Sekolah Sukma Bangsa in Pidie District
through education. Its major purpose is to generate less violence and peaceful
characters. Furthermore, the most important aim is to educate conflict resolution for the
children as the embodiment of world peace. For seven years Sekolah Sukma Bangsa has
had been educating the Pidie�s children as a humanitarian response of 30 years of
military emergency and the impact of tsunami in Aceh. The situation of Aceh under the
shadow of those 30 years of military emergency and traumatic event of a massive natural
disaster caused children in Aceh were not able to reach education at schools because
most of them had been destroyed as the targets of destruction throughout the conflict.
This condition became more severe because of the natural disaster as well. Eventually,
conflict and disaster made Aceh in the lowest grade in education. Furthermore,
psychological condition of the children who are the most vulnerable victims became the
major concern. The fact that Children in Aceh were accustomed to violence and the
negative condition for 30 years obviously needed a particular design of education, which
was different from other places in Indonesia. The urgency of peace education to scrape
the characters of tolerating violence is urgently needed in Aceh, therefore SSB Pidie with
its school-based management that gave the school an authority to design and also to
institutionalize the peace education curriculum, the School-Based Conflict Management
and 3NO programs. School-Based Conflict Management and 3NO program aimed to
achieve the positive and peaceful condition. For collecting the data, the researcher had
done an independent study in the field for one month to collect the data to know what is
the peace education curriculum SSB Pidie has and how it is implemented and the last is
what are the gaps between the curriculum and the implementation.
Keywords: conflict, Aceh, peace education, resolution conflict, peace building


By the application of ART network in the intelligent system for V belt translation,the general structure,backtracking and application of neural network in this system is studied in the paper.


Vortex shedding from a finite circular cylinder of small aspect ratio mounted normal to a ground plane was studied experimentally using hot-wire anemometry at ReD = 2×10 to 9×10. The cylinder was partially immersed in the turbulent boundary layer developed on the ground plane, the cylinder aspect ratio was varied from AR = 3 to 9, the boundary layer thickness-to-diameter ratio was maintained at δ/D = 2.5, and the boundary layer thickness-to-height ratio ranged from δ/L = 0.28 to 0.84. The mean drag coefficient data showed a distinctly different flow field for AR = 3, and a critical aspect ratio between AR = 3 to 5. The Strouhal number data were consistent with a "one-cell antisymmetric shedding" behaviour along the cylinder height. The power spectra of the wake velocity fluctuations showed that the vortex shedding peak was weaker and more broad-banded near the free end and within the plane wall boundary layer. For the cylinder with AR = 3, the vortex shedding peaks were either absent or broad-banded along most of the height, except in the region close to the ground plane.


This paper,take regressive analysis method as tool,created mathematical model and software for studying the relation,action direction,opitimal imitated function,imitated errors and tendence between variables.Take some groups of test data as example,a compute is done, the results is satisfied.


In this article, Ore extensions of the class of G-Dedekind prime rings satisfying a polynomial identity (PI) are studied. We prove that, if R is a PI G-Dedekind prime ring with an automorphism α of finite order, then R′ =R[x; α] is also a PI G-Dedekind prime ring.


The survey examined constraints of organic farming technologies among small-scale vegetable farmers in South-South zone of Nigeria. A multistage sampling technique was employed to select the study location and respondents. Data were collected from 480 small-scale organic vegetable farmers using structured questionnaire. Data obtained was analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results revealed that majority (93.00%) of organic fluted pumpkin farmers were challenged with inadequate finance, 92.80% were faced with shortage of organic materials, 86.10% with poor awareness, 72.40% faced poor market access and slightly more than half (51.10%) were constrained with poor willingness to pay for the material. It was concluded that the most serious constraints to organic fluted pumpkin production in the study area were inadequate finance, shortage of organic materials, poor awareness, poor market and poor willingness to pay for the material. The study therefore, recommended that cheap loans should be granted to organic fluted pumpkin farmers by the cooperative societies and bank of Agriculture (BOA) through adequate Government policy interventions to allow improvement in their productivity, profit, and ensure enterprise sustainability.


The experiment was designed to study on effect of keeping soil water by water-osmosis plas-tic membrane, the result indicated:Water-osmosis mulching in autumn realized the rainfall validated, and had the functions in water storage, especially during winter-spring period the rainfall was saved under the membrane based on the character of water-osmosis plastic membrane-rainfall penetration into soil. So water-osmosis plastic membrane was better than others when the maize needed water.


According to the low reclamation ratio,high reclamation cost,high reclamation difficulty and other problems existed in the reclamation after the mining subsidence stabilized in high potential water level mining area,taking a mining block in Hengyuan Coal Mine as a study object,based on the analysis on the ground topography features before the mining operation,in combination with the mining plan,the simulation was conducted on the ground surface dynamic subsidence process and the utilization variation of the surface ground land under the influences of the coal mining operations was analyzed.Based on the simulation on the subsidence circumstances,in combination with the information on the surface ground dynamic subsidence the surface ground original topography,the reclamation efficiency of each mining stage was compared under the reclamation conditions with non filling materials and the relationship between the ponding area and the reclamation land area at each stage subsidence was quantitatively revealed.


The Uzbek people have a long history, from the past until the second half of the XIX century, they were referred to by Turkic, Sart, Chigatay and finally Uzbek terms. The process of finding the content of the Uzbek language.


In this paper, to analyze local characteristic of cake layers, back flushing process to remove cake layers on the membrane surface has been studied by the lattice boltzmann method with immersed boundary method. In order to demonstrate the use of the IB-LBM, we simulated the sedimentation of a sphere in a wide enclosure. Also, discrete element method was used for particle-particle interaction and particla-wall interaction. Before the back flushing simulation, we demonstrated the membrane modeling by comparing the result of Kozeny-Carmann equation which represents relation between permeability and porosity. In order to build the cake layer formation, we randomly distributed partlcles on the membrane surface. and then adding the adhesion force and flocculation force. In the back flushing process we investigate local characteristices of different initail cake layer surface formation.


OBJECTIVE
To investigate the changes in corneal thickness that occur during maturation of the Gallus gallus domesticus chick eye over the first 450 days of life.

ANIMALS STUDIED
Twenty-nine chicks, of which 12 were males and 17 were females.

PROCEDURES
The central corneal thickness (CCT) was measured by ultrasonic pachymetry from hatch until 450 days of age. Segmented regression was applied to capture the two phases observed in the CCT plotted against age. Eye and gender were also included in the model.

RESULTS
Mean CCT values initially decreased, with the lowest point being reached at around 12 days of age. CCT then gradually increased as the chick matured. At 70 days of age the animals have completed corneal development and reached the plateau value of 0.242 +/- 0.0002 mm. CCT differences between gender or between left and right eyes were not statistically significant. Prediction equations for mean CCT according to the bird's age are presented.

CONCLUSIONS
There is an initial decrease in corneal thickness until approximately 12 days of age, which presumably mirrors maturation of corneal endothelial cell function. The pattern of changes in corneal thickness during the first phase of development of the chick CCT was similar to the one reported for dogs and humans. However, a unique feature of the development of CCT in chicks is that after reaching a plateau at 70 days corneal thickness did not significantly change over the remainder of the study period. Additionally, unlike in humans and dogs, there is no gender difference for corneal thickness in chicks.


As cities worldwide try to increase the adoption of the bicycle as a legitimate mode of urban transportation, the perception of danger plays a significant role in deterring potential new users. In a study conducted in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, bicycle users claimed to perceive intersections with bidirectional cycle tracks twice as negatively as they perceived either similar protected facilities midblock or intersections with painted bicycle lanes. This study aimed to understand this negative perception through a fine-grained analysis and observation of the interplay between infrastructure design and bicycle users' behavior at these intersections. Researchers used the Desire Lines Analysis tool pioneered by Copenhagenize Design Company and developed recommendations and design interventions for two intersections with bidirectional facilities in the city of Montreal. Study results demonstrated that most users followed the prescribed routes of the street design through each intersection and shone light on users who did not—more than a quarter of users. The trajectories of bicycle users that were questionably legal resulted in observed conflicts at both bidirectional intersections. Conflicts were grouped into three major observed themes: counterflow interactions, priority confusion, and directional awareness. Recommendations made in this paper aim to address each one of these observed themes with appropriate designs that are choreographic, prioritized, and predictable for all road users. Planners, engineers, and urban designers can gain significant insight into best-practice bicycle infrastructure through techniques, such as desire lines analysis, that observe behavior and design accordingly.


A farm manager has recently visited me, complaining of a great loss among his goats, suffered from acute emaciation with anaemia after severe attacks of diarrhoea since January this year, and during a course of 3 months 37 animals have actually died of the disease. Most of them died in 2 days after the appearance of the symptoms. Post-mortem examination of the dead has shown a more marked change in the small intestine than in the large. Although there was not any sign of the skin symptom as Stevenson and Balfour indicated, I took the disease in suspicion of coccidiosis and wanted to examine the faeces of the diseased animals. A short time later, the manager sent me faeces from 7 goats that were ill. I have found numerous oocysts in 4 materials and in the rest of them no parasite, probably due to an elapse of days after the collection of the material.


Adaptive methods do not have a direct generalization to manifolds as the adaptive term is not invariant. Momentum methods on manifolds suffer from efficiency problems stemming from the curvature of the manifold. We introduce a framework to generalize adaptive and momentum methods to arbitrary manifolds by noting that for every differentiable manifold, there exists a radially convex open set that covers almost all the manifold. Being radially convex, this set is diffeomorphic to $\mathbb{R}^n$. This gives a natural generalization of any adaptive and momentum-based algorithm to a set that covers almost all the manifold in an arbitrary manifolds. We also show how to extend these methods to the context of gradient descent methods with a retraction. For its implementation, we bring an approximation to the exponential of matrices that needs just of 5 matrix multiplications, making it particularly efficient on GPUs. In practice, we see that this family of algorithms closes the numerical gap created by an incorrect use of momentum and adaptive methods on manifolds. At the same time, we see that the most efficient algorithm of this family is given by simply pulling back the problem to the tangent space at the initial point via the exponential map.


With continual advances in technology, pharmaceuticals, and medical techniques, the number of cancer survivors in the United States has steadily increased and that trend is likely to continue. The estimated number of cancer survivors in 2016 was 15.5 million, as reported in the Cancer Treatment and Survivorship Statistics, 2016, and that number has been projected to increase to 20.3 million within the next 10 years. This growing population of cancer survivors requires preventive care and personalized treatment that fully utilize our advancing knowledge. Because of the increasing shortage of oncologists, primary care physicians will have to fill the gap and provide cancer survivorship care in addition to the care they provide for other chronic diseases.


Objective To design and prepare neovessel-targeted PEGylated liposomes and to analyze the tumor targeting ability by evaluating its cell binding capacity in vitro and its metabolism and tissue distribution in vivo.Methods Targeting neuropilin-1 receptor PEGylated Gadopentetate Dimeglumine liposomes(T-PEG-Gd-LP) and non-targeting PEGylated Gadopentetate Dimeglumine liposomes(NT-PEG-Gd -LP),both containing magnetic resonance ultrasound contrast agent Gd-DTPA,were prepared by thin film dispersion sonication methods and their physical properties were observed.Experiments were conducted and classified into three groups:Gd-DTPA group,NT-PEG-Gd-LP group and T-PEG-Gd-LP group.The binding capacity of these three agents with HUVECs and A_(549) cells were determined.The content of Gd in blood and tissues or organs were also determined after these three agents injected in tumor-bearing nude mice models.Results Binding capacity of T-PEG-Gd-LP with cells was better than other groups(P0.05).In vivo,compared with Gd-DTPA,the clearance rates of NT-PEG-Gd-LP and T-PEG-Gd-LP decreased significantly in the plasma,and Gd concentrations increased remarkably in tumor,liver,spleen and muscle, but decreased in heart,lung and kidney in mice exposed to NT-PEG-Gd-LP and T-PEG-Gd-LP.Compared with NT-PEG-Gd-LP,T-PEG-Gd-LP significantly increased in tumor.Conclusion Tumor neovessel-targeted PEGylated liposomes demonstrates good tumor targeting properties in vitro and in vivo.


Sir, As every discovery in natural history is esteemed worthy the notice of the Society which was instituted on purpose to improve natural knowledge, I have taken the liberty to send you a description and drawing of a bird which haunts the reeds of the river Coln, in the neighbourhood of Uxbridge, and which seems to have hitherto escaped the notice of writers on British Ornithology; and therefore some account and description of it will not, I trust, be unacceptable to the Society over which you so laudable preside. The nest and eggs of the bird I am about to describe first attracted my attention and led to the discovery of the bird itself. They were repeatedly brought by a fisherman on the Uxbridge river, in the parish of Denham, to her grace the Duchess Dowager of Portland, who first communicated them to me.


Many students with emotional and behavioral disorders placed in alternative education settings lack resilience and are likely to experience failure in school and beyond without carefully designed intervention programs. Although researchers have examined both resilience in children and youth and their placement in alternative education settings, there is little research regarding resilience among students who have graduated from alternative education settings. Using semistructured interviews in the present interpretive and descriptive qualitative study, we sought to explore factors of resilience in individuals who graduated from alternative education settings. Further, we wanted to identify elements specific to alternative education settings that may contribute to resilience in young adulthood and to further our understanding of how alternative education placements have contributed to the participants' current life status. Finally, we discuss the participants' perspectives of their school experiences and the major themes that emerged.


The BGP suffers from numerous security vulnerabilities, for example, fake routing updates incurring traffic hijacking and interception. The BGPsec protocol is supposed to fix these vulnerabilities by attesting routing updates. Although the BGP security problem has been extensively studied, the security of BGP with BGPsec is not well studied yet. We argue that even secured with BGPsec, BGP still has inherent security vulnerabilities. In particular, traffic can still be hijacked. In this article, we systematically study the vulnerabilities of BGP with BGPsec. We find that the protocol still cannot achieve the desired security guarantee of inter-domain routing. In particular, it is unable to ensure correct packet delivery on the Internet. We measure the impacts of the vulnerabilities by using a real data trace, and discuss enhancements to the design and the implementation of the secure BGP protocol, which allows BGP to achieve strong secure inter-domain routing.


Safety and quality of edible insects are among the primary aspects which heavily affect edible insect acceptance by the consumers. In this study, the effects of different blanching treatments on the microbiological profile, pH and colour of mealworm larvae were evaluated. The effect of 10 combinations of temperature (50, 60, 70, 80 and 90 °C) and time (2.5 and 5 min) were compared to fresh larvae and oven cooked larvae (10 min at 150 °C). Moreover, the effect of 24 h starvation on the microbiological profile was evaluated. Total viable aerobic count, Enterobacteriaceae, staphylococci, yeasts and moulds, lactic acid bacteria, aerobic bacterial endospores, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella spp. were determined. Starvation only marginally affected the microflora, furthermore, in all samples E. coli, B. cereus, L. monocytogenes and Salmonella spp. were never detected. A blanching treatment at 60 °C for 5 min seems to be the lower time-temperature combination in order to achieve a significant decrease of microbial loads. Blanching treatments also played a role in pH and colour modifications: larvae blanched at least at 60 °C stopped browning, possibly in relation to an enzymatic inhibition. Among the tested blanching treatments, 60 °C for 5 min seems to be the most feasible application in order to achieve the fixed goals. Lower temperature or time combinations were unable to reduce microbial loads or stop the browning effect, on the other hand, higher temperatures did not allow to improve the product quality and microbiological parameters.


We report on the detection of localized spin modes in a multilayered spintronic device by means of time-resolved scanning Kerr microscopy. Measurements on this 13×9μm2 exchange-biased magnetic tunnel junction element at different applied bias fields indicate a strong effect of the stray field from the pinned CoFe layer on the magnetization dynamics in the free NiFe layer. This view is supported by micromagnetic simulations, which also show that the dynamics can be attributed to the specific shape of the internal magnetic field in the element.


According to the shortage of existing method,an improved optimizing algorithm is proposed in this paper.Based on the analysis of kernel C-means clustering method,the HRRP recognition method based on kernel C-means clustering is proposed.Then this method is applied in HRRP recognition to validate the performance.Experiments indicate that this algorithm can obtain the best clustering number by the training results.And the best parameter and the optimal results are also obtained by this algorithm.


Organizational computer networks are at risk of being compromised by making connections to malicious domains, which can lead to sensitive information being stolen by cyber criminals. It can therefore be helpful to have an estimation of the risk level of domains, expressed as a risk score, before connections are made. To this end, we explore network science methods to construct domain-domain networks from passive DNS data. We propose three score computation algorithms that can calculate risk scores for domains. Two of our proposed algorithms (LISC and NORMLISC) are capable of modelling complex interactions between nodes in the network. However, these algorithms have the unwelcome properties that lower risk scores can be computed for a node than for its neighbours which have higher scores in the initial state (i.e., 'swapping') and that the position of the node in the network is not taken into account for score computation. In contrast, our third algorithm (MAXDIF) has fewer free parameters, takes the position of nodes in the network into account and does not suffer from 'swapping', but gives no freedom in modelling complex interactions between nodes. All in all, computing risk scores is now possible using our proposed algorithms.


Studies on marine ecosystems are important for analysing the health of coastal environments. Many works are in progress to maintain the marine ecosystem and to find higher concentration of marine species. In this paper classification of species is done based on size and contour, and the species are classified as big or small according to their size. This paper uses underwater image processing in which studies on five different species of fish is carried out using contour.


The study was conducted with the purpose to explore the interrelationship and interdependency between the individual and whole social systems that effects on HIV transmission during the time of social changes and transformation. The concept of structural functional theory was adopted to conduct this study. Phenomenological approach was applied to explore the experiences of risk behavior of human immune deficiency virus (HIV) transmission among the respondents working in Kathmandu valley (Kathmandu, Lalitpur and Bhaktpur districts). This Research was based on exploratory research design and simple random technique was used to select the respondents. The Study was conducted in Kathmandu valley among garment factory workers, brick factory workers, transport workers and health workers. Individual factors, socio-cultural factors, economic factors, educational factors and political factors are found as a functional unit of society which functions to influence the risk of HIV transmission in whole social structure. So, the finding is individual should be aware on the negative function of factors which can influence to increase the risk of HIV transmission. Cultural practices should be open to discuss about the risk behavior of people regarding their connection with HIV transmission.


Abstract Electric arc furnace slag is made in ironworks during steel refining, it is been increasing chemical and physical resistibilityusing ageing method of unstable state of melting steel slag for using concrete's fine aggregates. Which is been changing stablemolecular structure of aggregates, it restrains moving of ion and molecule. In Korea, KS F 4571 has been prepared for usingthe electric arc furnace slag to concrete aggregates. In this study, Electric arc furnace slag is used in the PMC(Polymer ModifiedConcrete) which is applied a bridge pavement of rehabilitation, largely. In that case, this study evaluates the structural safetyabout increasing the specific weight. The 4-type bridges(RC slab bridge, RC rigid-frame bridge, PSC Beam bridge, Steel boxgirder bridge) pavement's increasing the total dead load is in 1 ~ 2%. Design moments in a load combination are increased lessthen 2%. safety factor is decreased less than 3%. Therefore, the structural safety has no problem for applying the electric arcfurnace slag within PMC in bridge. Key words : Electric arc furance, PMC, Bridge deck pavement, Dead load* Received : November 20, 2012•1st Revised : January 4, 2013•2nd Revised : January 30, 2013•Accepted : February 8, 2013Corresponding Author : Won-kyong Jung (E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com)Department of research center, SAMWOO IMC CO.,LTD, 33-8 Ogeum-dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-855, KoreaTel : +82-2-3400-8781 / Fax : +82-2-3400-8769†The Korean Institute of Resources Recycling. All rights reserved. This is an open-access article distributed under the termsof the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permitsunrestricted non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.


Multilingual individuals code switch between languages as a part of a complex communication process. However, most computational studies have examined only one or a handful of contextual factors predictive of switching. Here, we examine Naija-English code switching in a rich contextual environment to understand the social and topical factors eliciting a switch. We introduce a new corpus of 330K articles and accompanying 389K comments labeled for code switching behavior. In modeling whether a comment will switch, we show that topic-driven variation, tribal affiliation, emotional valence, and audience design all play complementary roles in behavior.


This paper details a case of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) in a genotype–phenotype correlation, and the complexity of pathogenic variants of NF1 gene make correlation difficult. Establishing correlation is useful for targeted therapeutic intervention.


The collision-free multiphoton ionization of jet cooling CH3I was studied using a pulsed laser, tunable around 280 and 366 nm with TOF mass spectrometer and magnetic-bottle TOF photoelectron spectrometer.


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We provide an overview of a proposal for a new metaphysical framework within which theology and science might both find a home. Our proposal draws on the triadic semiotics and threefold system of metaphysical categories of C. S. Peirce. We summarize the key features of a semiotic model of the Trinity, based on observed parallels between Peirce's categories of Firstness, Secondness, and Thirdness and Christian thinking about, respectively, the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. We test and extend the semiotic model by exploring how Peirce's taxonomy of signs offers a new approach to theological reflection on the Incarnation. This leads to a novel way of framing scientific questions about human evolution in semiotic terms and to a new approach to theological anthropology. Finally, we use the semiotic model of the Trinity as the basis of a trinitarian approach to the theology of creation according to which the semiotic processes that are fundamental to life and to human behavior and cognition may be understood as "vestiges of the Trinity in creation."


Authors : Jung-Min Yang Abstract : A method of tolerating input faults for input/state asynchronous sequential machines is proposed. A corrective controller is placed in front of the considered asynchronous machine to realize model matching with a reference model. The value of the external input transmitted to the closed-loop system may change by fault. We address the existence condition for the controller that can counteract adverse effects of any input fault while maintaining the objective of model matching. A design procedure for constructing the controller is outlined. The proposed reachability condition for the controller design is validated in an illustrative example.


The contribution rate of the private enterprises is progressively in the development of our national economy.They have already become important components in the socialist market-oriented economy.But it has come to our notice that some of them have much of delinquency,and some delinquent's conducts are quite serious.It always causes harmful to the order of the socialist market-oriented economy and the development of themselves.We must attach it seriously and adapt the operation of the system,law,structure,concept and the pelple's quality etc.The private enterprise's conduct must be monitored and regulaged,so that the private enterprises can develop in a healthy way,and propel the economy forward.


The quality of family life in childhood predicts the risk for multiple mental disorders, implying sustained effects on relevant brain circuits. Indeed, there is evidence for the idea that the social environment shapes individual differences in brain development and function. A limitation of this evidence is that most studies focus on extreme social adversity, such as parental deprivation (i.e., institutional rearing) or childhood maltreatment. Whether variations in parental care within the normal range are similarly relevant for human neurodevelopment remains unclear. Studies with rodents suggest so, but human brain development occurs within a more complex environmental context and over a longer period. In PNAS, Luby et al. (1) report the results of a prospective, longitudinal study that examined the association of maternal support at preschool and school ages, with hippocampal volume using MRI at three time points. A strength of the study is the laboratory-based assessment of maternal support during mildly stressful conditions, which very nicely mimics the challenges parents regularly face in child rearing. Maternal support at neither preschool nor school age emerged as a significant predictor of hippocampal volume, a finding consistent with cross-sectional studies showing that variations in maternal influences do not necessarily emerge as main effects in studies of neurodevelopment (2, 3). However, the unique, longitudinal approach of Luby et al. (1) reveals a compelling association between maternal support and hippocampal growth trajectories: hippocampal volume increased faster with age among subjects with higher levels of maternal support. In addition, hippocampal growth trajectories predicted emotional regulation, an important endophenotype for virtually all common mental disorders.


The invention relates particularly to a method for a secure PIN management of user trusted unit (10) connected via a data processing means (15) comprises, the 'to a non-persistent memory (15 with a permanent memory (15)') and interfaces (17, 18, 20) for connecting or interaction with a user (1), a memory card (16) such. is connected as a smart card and a data station (30), said method comprising the steps of: providing with a memory card (16) connected to the unit; Received in the unit: an external PIN and a card PIN, the latter being able to unlock the memory card; Generating and storing a key in the persistent storage on the data processing means and from the received PINs, so that the card PIN may be calculated based on a function that is stored in the persistent memory, wherein the external PIN and the key as an argument become; Receiving a user input of the external PIN into the terminal and transmitting the PIN to the external unit; Instructing the data processing means to calculate the card PIN using the stored function; To unlock and use the calculated card PIN the memory card.


Objective To further study the effect of early intervention on high-risk pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus in clinical practice in our hospital,so as to provide a scientific reference for clinical practice.Methods Two hundred and seventy-six cases of high-risk pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus,who treated in our hospital from December 2010 to January 2013,were selected to be object of study.According to whether it carried out early intervention or not,patients were randomly divided into non-intervention group and intervention group with 138 cases in each.The related clinical data of pregnant women were conducted a retrospective analysis.Results The complications occurrence rate of polyhydramnios,hypertension of pregnancy,postpartum hemorrhage,vulvovaginal candidiasis and cesarean delivery were compared between two groups,pregnant women in non-intervention group had a significantly higher percentage than that in intervention group,the difference was statistically significant(P 0.05).The occurrence rate of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome,aspiration pneumonia,deformity,macrosomia and hypoglycemia were compared between two groups,pregnant women in non-intervention group had a significantly higher level than that in intervention group,the difference was significant(P 0.05).Conclusion The related early intervention method and measure,which aimed at high-risk pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus in our hospital,has significant effect to improve adverse pregnancy outcomes.


Flow separation at the base of aerodynamic vehicles such as missiles, rockets and projectiles leads to the formation of a low-speed recirculation zone near the base. The pressure in this region is generally significantly lower than the freestream pressure, causing base drag which often is the dominant part of the total drag. The practical importance of increasing the understanding of axisymmetric base flows is the possibility of controlling the near-wake flow interactions so that base drag can be reduced at the same time as vehicle stability, control and overall performance can be enhanced. The ability to simulate the base region flow field as accurately as possible is therefore of major concern. In this study a computational capability based on a Large Eddy Simulation (LES) approach has been developed for predicting the flow around axisymmetric aerodynamic vehicles. In particular we have focused on turbulent supersonic base flow over a cylindrical afterbody, with and without base bleed, corresponding to laboratory experiments as to allow direct comparison with measurement data. Different subgrid models and spatial resolutions have been investigated for a case with zero base bleed, whilst further simulations with base bleed have been undertaken with the best perfomring subgrid model. Details of first and second order statistical quantities are presented and compared with experimental data. In general, good qualitative agreement is found whilst good quantitative agreement is reached only for the first order statistical moments, with the exception of the near wake region in which both good qualitative and quantitative agreement is achieved.


A significant barrier to improving the power quality at industrial facilities is the lack of contemporaneous and historical power quality and reliability data. A new Web-enabled near-real-time power quality and reliability monitoring system, termed I-Grid, has been developed to provide such information on a nationwide basis. The ultralow-cost sensors record power events and send event data via the Internet to the system database servers using an internal modem. Data display, e-mail event notification, site administration, and summary reporting of the data are achieved via a Web browser. In cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, the Electric Power Research Institute, and leading utilities and manufacturers, the deployment of these sensors has begun, with a target deployment of 50 000 monitors across the U.S. and Canada over the next 2-4 years. This paper discusses the implementation of this grid information resource, and discusses data captured by the network since early monitors were deployed in 2001.


The problem presented by Pascal Lamy is not new. And yet, the projects to construct a civic and cultural Europe have multiplied, from the first cultural action plan launched by the European…


Considering the unknown nonlinearities and external disturbances for a 2-DOF redundant parallel robot, a novel control method based on adaptive backstepping control and neural network approximation is proposed. In the controller, a RBF NN is used to approximate the uncertain function in order to make the adaptive backstepping control have a strong robustness for the unknown nonlinearities and external disturbances. The simulation results show that the control method has a good performance of tracking and a strong robustness, which can improve the control performance of a parallel robot with a strong coupling and high non-linearity. They also confirm the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.


In an ad-hoc radio network of cluster architecture the connections between two adjacent clustering heads are significantly affected by shadowing since a high spot antenna can not be usually expected for each head. The use of a backup node is suggested to support the connection failure of clustering head in shadowing channel and its performance is investigated using computer simulations. The simulation result shows that its use brings the less average delay and high arrival rate to destination node.


By using the statistical analysis and mathematical model establishment technique, the vibration frequency and perpendicular velocity of metering disc mathematical models were established, the influence of the vibration frequency and perpendicular velocity of metering disc on the seeding apparatus was analyzed, and the mechanism for the seeding uniformity was confirmed. This research has important reference value for the improved design and study of electromagnetic vibrated seeding apparatus.


Stems of four species of the Australian family Tremandraceae furnished sufficient material for analysis of wood anatomy. Presence of simple perforation plates on vessel elements. oc currence of libriform fibers (some septate), tendency toward vasicentric parenchyma, presence of crystalliferous axial parenchyma strands, presence of crystals singly in ray cells, and oc currence of amorphous deposits in parenchyma are all features in which Tremandraceae re semble Pittosporaceae. Wood anatomy tends to support a "rosoid" rather than a sapindalean, rutalean, or polygalalean affinity for Tremandraceae, although wood is only a preliminary indicator. By the use of numerical indices as well as such indicators as helical thickening and presence of vascular tracheids, wood of Tremandraceae is shown to be highly xeromorphic. The genus Tre,uantha may represent a secondary entrant into wet forests of southwestern Australia; it clearly is not relict from mesic ancestry. THE FAMILY Tremandraceae is endemic to Aus tralia and is especially well represented in south western Australia, where the species in the present study were collected. The family consists of three genera: Platytheca (two species), Tetratheca (about 16 species), and Tremandra (two spe cies). Tetratheca consists of subshrubs, branched from the base or from below soil level. The nu merous innovations are mostly annual, and there fore accumulate little wood; the caudex and roots consist of much-contorted, soft, fragmented and atypical xylem, and such wood was not deemed suitable for analysis here. The only species of Tetratheca which could provide sufficient suit able wood for study is an undescrihed species col lected in the Tuttanning Reserve. This species, which will be described by an Australian botanist monographing the family, bears a superficial re semblance to T. harperi F. Muell., and the Tuttan fling plants may be found annotated thus in certain herbaria. Tetratheca harperi is native to a quite different area, north of Southern Cross, W.A. The two species of Tremandra occur in the most mesic part of Western Australia, the southwest crnmost corner. Both, however, tend to be found in forest openings on disturbed soil. Tremandra diffusa R. Br. has numerous wiry, sprawling stems from a small knotty caudex, the wood of which was unsuitable for sectioning. Tremandra stel ligera R. Br. could almost be called an herb be cause of limited wood accumulation, hut some Received for publication 11 November 1976; revision accepted 29 March 1977. This research was supported by grants from the Na tional Science Foundation (GB-38901 and BMS-7307055-A-I). Dr. Larry DeBuhr aided in field work and in preparation of data. basal stems last for several years, and these pro vided enough wood for study. In the distinctive genus Platytheca, P. juniperina Domin is a true shrub. Although it occurs in the Stirling Range, much of which is mesic, P. juniperina grows on exposed scree slopes and can only be regarded as a xerophyte. Platytheca verticillata (Hueg.) Baill. (= P. galioides Steetz) is a small subshrub with basal stems at most 5 mm in diam. It grows on sandy areas likely to be dry in summer, and plants probably do not persist for more than ap proximately five years. However, P. verticillata does not form a knotty caudex like that of Tre mandra diffusa or the species of Tetratheca. The present account has been assembled be cause data on wood anatomy of Tremandraceae are, at present, very scanty. Solereder (1908) contributed information based on very small stems, as did Heimsch (1942). Such data, while useful, cannot furnish the best comparisons to wood of other families. Metcalfe and Chalk (1950) merely summarized portions of these two earlier works dealing with the family. Thus, the present account is the first presentation of what could be called "mature" secondary xylem in Tremandraceae. Wood of Tremandraceae is of unusual interest in that it proves rather suggestive in analysis of affinities of the family. Cronquist (1968) claims wood anatomy as indicative of a relationship be tween Polygalaceae and Tremandraceae, but does not cite any data in this regard. Metcalfe and Chalk (1950) claimed that anatomy was of little use in establishing affinities of the family, but the data they had at hand was fragmentary. Two main placements have been advanced for Tre mandraceae. These can he very roughly re


Summary and Conclusions The effects of methimazole (60 mg/day) on peripheral thyroxine turnover and transport were investigated in 16 adult volunteers. In four subjects (two euthyroid individuals and two myxedematous patients in the euthyroid state on thyroxine replacement) using exogenously administered 131I-labeled L-thyroxine, the radiothyroxine turnover was investigated. Simultaneously, the effects of methimazole administration (10 days) on thyroxine-binding serum protein carriers (11 subjects) and serum free-thyroxine levels (six subjects) were observed. Methimazole administration in man in these studies was shown to have no effect on peripheral thyroid indices: thyroxine binding to serum proteins, the serum free-thyroxine levels or the turnover and total quantitative degradation of thyroxine. This finding confirms a similar result on thyroxine turnover in one myxedematous patient reported earlier 2 . From the present data it would appeax that methimazole does not alter the turnover, transport or quantitative degradation of thy-roxine in man when compared to pmpyl-thiouracil.


The design of system framework for IBS(integrated bridge system)is researched.The system functions,components,information flow,logical structure and technical standard of IBS are discussed in the viewpoint of system.A threedimensional architecture is presented,which includes operational architecture,system architecture and technical architecture. Operational architecture prescribes system tasks and information flow.System architecture defines system components and logical structure.Technical architecture specifies the standards and criterions of IBS.The architecture of IBS is put forward in this dissertation,which gives theoretical framework for system design.