Real materials have structure at both the atomic or crystalline scale as well as at interfaces and defects at the larger scale of grains. There is a need for the study of materials at the "mesoscale," the scale at which subgranular physical processes and intergranular organization couple to determine microstructure, crucially impacting constitutive response at the engineering macroscale. Diffractive imaging using photons that can penetrate multiple grains of material would be a transformative technique for the study of the performance of materials in dynamic extremes. Thicker samples imply higher energy photons of shorter wavelength, and imaging of multiple grains implies bigger spot sizes. Such imaging requires the use of future planned and proposed hard x-ray free electron lasers (such as the European XFEL) to provide both the spatial coherence transverse to the large spots and the peak brilliance to provide the short illumination times. The result is that the Fresnel number of the system becomes large and is no longer in the Fraunhofer far-field limit. The interrelated issues of diffractive imaging at large Fresnel number are analyzed, including proof that diffractive imaging is possible in this limit and estimates of the signal-to-noise possible. In addition, derivation of the heating rates for brilliant pulses of x rays are presented. The potential and limitations on multiple dynamic images are derived. This paper will present a study of x-ray interactions with materials in this new regime of spatially coherent but relatively large mesoscale spots at very hard energies. It should provide the theory and design background for the experiments and facilities required to control materials in extreme environments, in particular for the next generation of very-hard-x-ray free electron lasers.


Recently Yehuda Rav has given the concept of Semi-prime ideals in a general lattice by generalizing the notion of 0-distributive lattices. In this paper we have included several characterizations of Semiprime ideals. We give a simpler proof of a prime Separation theorem in a general lattice by using semi-prime ideals. We also study different properties of minimal prime ideals containing a semi prime ideal in proving some interesting results. By defining a p-algebra L relative to a principal semi prime ideal J , we prove that when L is 1-distributive, then L is a relative S-algebra if and only if every prime ideal containing J contains a unique minimal prime ideal containing J , which is also equivalent to the condition that for any x, y I L , x U y I J implies U + x = 1 + y . Finally, we prove that every relative S-algebra is a relative D- algebra if L is 1-distributive and modular with respect to J .


The QR factorization and the singular value decomposition (SVD), developed in the 1960s and early 1970s, remain the basic tools for solving both the LS and the total least squares (TLS) problems. Current algorithms based on Householder or Gram-Schmidt QR factorizations are reviewed. The use of the SVD to determine the numerical rank of a matrix, as well as for computing a sequence of regularized solutions, is then discussed. The solution of the TLS problem in terms of the SVD of the compound matrix (b A) is described.


In order to solve the shortcoming of fiber oxidation in a high‐temperature environment and improve the antiablative performance, yttrium silicate is coated on the carbon fibers' surface by the sol‐gel process. In the present work, investigations of the ablation resistance of carbon fiber composites with yttrium silicate coatings (YS‐CFs) prepared by different sol contents and sintering temperatures are reported. The results show that YS‐CFs exhibit excellent ablation resistance in the oxyacetylene test with a heat flow of 1.5 MW/m2. The surface coating of carbon fiber is composed of a mixture of cristobalite, yttrium monosilicate, and yttrium disilicate. The best ceramic coating could be obtained by dipping 20% silica sol and 14% yttrium sol in turn and sintering at 1300°C. In this case, the linear and mass ablation rates reach the minimum values of .667 μm/s and 2.975 mg/s, respectively. YS‐CFs could be used as reinforcements for thermal protection materials in high‐temperature environments.


This paper offers an analysis of some of the problems arising in those international disputes concerning issues of public international law which do not present any proximate threat to international peace or security. It does so in the context of an examination of procedures for settling disputes over jurisdiction in public international law, disputes of the kind which arose in 1982 when the United States' right to control—that is, its jurisdiction over—exports from Western Europe to the Soviet Union was challenged by the EEC and its member states. The analysis is also intended to have general relevance to all international legal disputes in which individuals are directly involved as disputants with or alongside states.


Lithium, sodium, and caesium iodides are highly ionized in acetonitrile solution and have practically the same rates and activation energies (18 kcal. per mole) for their exchange reactions with n-butyl iodide in this solvent. There seems little doubt, therefore, that these exchange reactions occur between the organic iodide and iodide ion derived from the inorganic salt. Zinc and cadmium iodides, and iodine, are only slightly ionized in acetonitrile and exchange with n-butyl iodide with rates that are widely different from one another and from the rate of iodide ion exchange. The activation energies are 21.9, 20.6, and 17.5 kcal. per mole respectively. It is concluded that these exchange reactions involve predominantly complex ions.


The paper describes a system, known as TULIP (Traffic analysis Using Low Cost Image Processing). It is based on an IBM personal computer, which acts as the host to an image processing sub-system. The image processor consists of a frame grabber and frame store along with programmable look up tables, and can capture images and perform primitive processing of them in real time, i.e. the time it takes a video camera to transmit one full frame. Software has been written in 80286 assembler code and the C language to extract useful information from the video images, again in real time. The system has been designed for use by non-computer specialists. The operator is required only to position observation windows on the image screens. The passage of vehicles through the windows is monitored and basic information such as flow or speed is determined. Potential applications of this sort of system include temporary traffic flow and speed censuses. While other types of vehicle detector may be used for traffic censuses, image processing techniques obviate the need to attach inductive loops or pneumatic tubes to the surface of the road. It also permits a permanent record of the traffic (in the form of a video) to be kept for later analysis. The paper reports on results obtained with the TULIP system when applied to traffic monitoring. The article concludes with an assessment of the potential impact of anticipated advances in image processors and computer technology on the scope for the application of such systems.(A) For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 832076.


bureaucratic and feudal tradition was particularly strong. In the country as a whole the basic democrats themselves became a vested interest closely linked with the military and civil bureaucracy which found them to be easily manipulable. Because of its political affiliation and the manifestation of corruption in the disposal of large funds and jobs, the system fell into disrepute. When the late Prime Minister Bhutto came into power he divested it of its electoral function, but retained it, though with a different nomenclature, for the purpose of local government in the rural areas. What role these organs of local government have to play in the nizam-e-mustofa envisaged by President Zia-ul-Haq is not yet clear. As the author points out the basic democracies, viewed only as a system of local government, marked a step forward in the direction of democratic decentralisation and the devolution of decision-making to the people. It brought democracy down to the parish pump, as it were, enhanced popular awareness, generated local interest in self-help and collective action, and threw up a younger and more literate local leadership. It also set afoot the process of collaborative functioning of bureaucrats and people's representatives at the grassroots level, and initiated the search for new equations between them. The author presents a detailed discussion of the familiar problems of local government which the system of basic democracies had to contend with-finance, staffing and training, accountability, and supervision and control. No satisfactory solutions were found, partly because of the complexity of the problems, and partly because of the short span of time the system was at work. Nevertheless, the experiment has become a part of the national experience. Altogether this treatise is a useful addition to the literature on local government in the sub-continent. It affords interesting comparisons with the development of local government institutions in India, and much of what the author says has, for us, a familiar ring which is a reminder of a common background. -R.N. MADHOK


A method and apparatus for quenching metallurgical coke made in a coking oven. The method includes pushing a unitary slab of incandescent coke onto a substantially planar receiving surface of an enclosed quenching car so that substantially all of the coke from the coking oven is pushed as a unitary slab onto the receiving surface of the quenching car. The slab of incandescent coke is quenched in an enclosed environment within the quenching car with a plurality of water quench nozzles while submerging at least a portion of the slab of incandescent coke by raising a water level in the quenching car. Subsequent to quenching the coke, the planar receiving surface is tilted to an angle sufficient to slide the quenched coke off of the planar receiving surface and onto a product collection conveyer and sufficient to drain water from the quenched coke.


Let T T - TT = D > 0 and suppose that the real part of T has a simple spectrum. Then D is of trace class and 7T trace(D) is a lower bound for the measure of the spectrum of T. This latter set is specified in terms of the real and imaginary parts of T. In addition, the spectra are determined of self- adjoint singular integral operators on L 2(E) of the form A(x)f(x) + E b (x)H(fbJ.)(x),where E 5 (-ooOoo), A(x) is real and bounded, 1lb.(x)l 2 is posi- tive and bounded, and H denotes the Hilbert transform. 1. A bounded operator T on a Hilbert space i (which in this paper will be assumed to be separable) is said to be hyponormal if


Background and Purposes: The purpose of this study was to investigate if low-intensity and reduced frequency of electromyographic (EMG) biofeedback training on the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle of the affected side can improve TA strength and standing balance in chronic stroke. Methods: This was a single blind randomized control trial. Eighteen subjects (11 males), aged 41 to 86 years (66.33±12.04 years), were randomly assigned to the three groups with equal numbers (control, 50% faded feedback and 100% feedback). In feedback groups, subjects practiced 20 trials of active ankle dorsiflexion on the affected side with EMG biofeedback during each training session twice a week for six weeks (totally 240 trials, approximately 108 minutes of training). Feedback was provided either after each trial (for the 100% feedback group) or faded (from 100% to 5% with an overall 50% feedback frequency for the 50% faded feedback group). The control group did not receive additional training in addition to their regularly scheduled treatment. All subjects were evaluated at the pre-training, post-training, 2 weeks follow-up and 6 weeks follow-up test. The variables were TA strength using the PowerTrack Ⅱ hand-held dynamometer (Jtech Medical Industries) and the standing balance using the Smart Balance Master system (NeuroCom Int. Inc.). Results: MANOVA for repeated measures failed to detect significant main effects between groups for either the TA strength or the standing balance. However, there was a trend toward improvement of TA strength at two weeks follow-up in the 50% faded group. Significant improvement was detected on the time to reach anterior target (p<0.03) in all groups from pre-training to post-training. Conclusions: Our study failed to demonstrate significant effects of low-intensity and reduced EMG biofeedback frequency training in increasing TA strength on the affected side of the chronic stroke subjects. Based on the comparison of literature findings and our results, high-intensity training may be important for improving muscle strength by EMG biofeedback. Further study with increased training intensity and rigorous feedback schedule manipulation may be indicated to draw a more definite conclusion regarding the effects of EMG biofeedback training on TA muscle function in chronic stroke subjects.


This study examines the effects of different combinations and qualities of selected site characteristics on the value of agricultural land in six substate regions in Washington State. The analysis follows the general hedonic regression form, but incorporates nonnegativity constraints on the models. This, coupled with an adaptation of Bierens's conditional moment test, yields consistent results showing (a) land value is a function of site characteristics, (b) land markets in Washington State are highly regional, (c) parsimonious empirical models can provide adequate representations of expected land values, and (d) nonnegative truncation is a valuable procedure in hedonic models.


We study gluon propagator in Landau gauge with lattice QCD, where we use an improved lattice action. The calculation of gluon propagator is performed on lattices with the lattice spacing from 0.40 fm to 0.24 fm and with the lattice volume from (2.40 fm)(4) to (4.0 fm)(4). We find that the rotation invariance is approximately restored in the q(2)-range, indicated by the fact that the propagator is a smooth function of the continuum momentum q(2). We try to fit our results by two different ways, in the first one we interpret the calculated gluon propagators as a function of the continuum momentum, while in the second we interpret the propagators as a function of the lattice momentum. In both cases we use models which are the same in continuum limit. A qualitative agreement between two fittings is found.


Nowadays, in a world undergoing advanced technology, and growing wealth among people and the place they're living, animals begin to live into various zoos of all cities, which has become a means to protect animals and to maintain ecological balance. Building zoos, is not only for landscaping, but needs the integration of ecology and environment, so as to make rare and endangered animals, obtain a better living and growing space. In order to improve citizens' recreational and leisure quality, it is required to establish protection stations for rare and endangered animals, to implant necessary animal general knowledge and animal protection concept into the mind of children, and to reach environmental rationality and actual safeguarding standards on the earth, so as to educate the next generation, while reducing damages to ecological scope imperceptibly. 1. Excellent Garden Animal Buildings on Deep Level From this, it could be said that constructing excellent garden animal buildings to a deeper level, has indispensable living effect on the society as well as survival and growth of animals, ecological animal building, which is more scientific and economical, could lengthen animal life and optimize animal skin texture, help rather than damage ecological environment. Zoo building is a newly emerged branch at present, which basically adapts to animal's growth in a simple manner. In modern zoo undergoing mass construction of animal buildings, with further need on buildings for animals, simple and crude cages are not enough for the survival of animals. Except for optimal and elegant development, a more scientific ecological animal building scale is also required to be generated, and this shall not be simply called a zoo building while an "animal building" existing scientifically shall be designed in a complete and profound manner. For the need of animals is different from that of human beings, while profound animal growing habits and different needs of individual animals, reflect different functions of animal building, and such difference in the need of survival between human beings and animals, has resulted in the difference between residential building and animal building, i.e., muscle growth and survival mechanism of manchurian tiger living under snow environment tens of degrees below zero, are stronger than ecology and psychology of other animals, which is completely different from human beings. If we put it in a zoo building, the tiger will feel hard to survive, so it is required to establish an ecological "Animal Building" deliberately, making the tiger see local plants in North China, and form a ferocious and wide disposition, so as to extend its life. So it could be said that, subdividing residential buildings into clear and different ecological animal buildings which are profound and economical is necessary, besides, with people's further recognition on animals, animal buildings on a deeper level could be gradually improved to protect animals, to meet the need of establishing more and larger zoos in future, which are to become the home of animals for their longer survival. Originally, animals are living in the wild place, which is relatively cold, so no air-conditioner is required, in this way, an entirely different insertion point between residential building and animal building was formed. Just keeping ambient temperature inside animal building at 15 degrees, could meet the demand, however, an air-conditioner temperature of about 20 degrees is required by residential building, so, it is required to equip a thermal-storing wall, which utilizes heat insulating materials inside the dual-layer wall, and it is measured that the thermal-storing wall could keep ambient temperature between zero degree to 15 degrees, so that animals could live in a relatively low temperature comfortably in winter, while it is the same in summer, the dual-layer thermal-storing wall could guarantee the temperature not too high, and buildings of this type could also be designed according to animal functions, which are entirely different from residential buildings. Residential buildings could also be used to raise animals, however, buildings made according to animals' functional requirements are greatly different from residential buildings in all aspects, while animal buildings could be produced in an easier and cheaper manner, and simple single-storey monomer buildings could satisfy animals' psychological requirements, so, to use the title of animal building as a substitute for zoo building is appropriate, which could save materials, reduce cost, shorten construction period and reduce labor. The planning of the home of animals, is to provide animals a more natural environment, and a design means to find out the most appropriate living conditions for animals among mountains or green lands, which is a method to optimize ecological animal territories and safe retreats.


Two-dimensional transition metals borides Ti x B x have excellent magnetic and electronic properties and great potential in metal-ion batteries and energy storage. The thermal management is important for the safety and stability in these applications. We investigated the lattice dynamical and thermal transport properties of bulk-TiB2 and its two-dimensional (2D) counterparts based on density functional theory combined with solving phonon Boltzmann transport equation. The Poisson's ratio of bulk-TiB2 is positive while it changes to negative for monolayer TiB2. We found that dimension reduction can cause the room-temperature in-plane lattice thermal conductivity decrease, which is opposite the trend of MoS2, MoSe2, WSe2 and SnSe. Additionally, the room temperature thermal conductivity of mono-TiB2 is only one sixth of that for bulk-TiB2. It is attributed to the higher Debye temperature and stronger bonding stiffness in bulk-TiB2. The bulk-TiB2 has higher phonon group velocity and weaker anharmonic effect comparing with its 2D counterparts. On the other hand, the room temperature lattice thermal conductivity of mono-Ti2B2 is two times higher than that of mono-TiB2, which is due to three-phonon selection rule caused by the horizontal mirror symmetry.


In the present work, a method for continuously coating copper on steel wire is heing developed. The pre-treated steels have made to run horizontally through various cells containing cleaning solution, pickling solution, strike bath and plating hath. After a thin coat of nickel, the steel wil-e was plated using an acid copper bath. A single strand horizontal wire plating unit was fabricated for the purpose. Hull Cell was used to optimise the operating conditions of the selected bath. The current efliciency of the process and the electrical resistivity of the coated wires were also measured. The copper coated steel wires may substitute copper cables in tele-communication and other applications.


By study the part of forest cut in forest law of China and Russia, comparatively analysing the four direction ——the license system of forest cut, the model of forest cut, the system of the quota of forest cuts , the legal system of limitation and ban of the special forest. Then this article point out the deficiency of forest cut legal system in our country. The legal system of special forest is too simple, the content is too general,which causes difficulty with effectively to implement in the actual operation.The article presents how to perfect the legal system of forest cut in our country.


This article outlines the economic implications of the instability of the legal foundations of the personal-data-driven economy. For more than two decades, economic agents have been investing in the novel industry on the assumption that courts, the keepers of the legal systems, would have stably backed their claims by turning their technological control of personal data into legally protected property rights. Courts' backing has proved only temporary as they are now revising early solutions by constraining collection, use and trade of personal data to protect the hierarchically superior rights – e.g. privacy, antitrust, and democratic order. This article advances the theory of legal bubbles to rationalize the economics underlying the legal shock-waves affecting the personal data driven economy. Legal bubbles get to form when economic agents invest in the economic exploitation of a new resource, in the light of property rights solutions provisionally granted by courts in a context of uncertainty and ignorance about the legal implications of innovative activities. The legal foundations of the industry may eventually turn to be unstable as a result of courts' hindsight attempt to re-adapt the legal foundations of the market to the actual implications of unconstrained commodification, that were previously ignored. The theory cautions against the potential economic disruption generated by over-reliance on early and still in-adapted property rights solutions.


Detection of V-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF) V600E mutation is important for clinical diagnosis, treatment decision-making, effect judgement and prognosis evaluation in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Research has shown that peripheral blood BRAF V600E is closely related to the histological level of BRAF V600E. Detection of peripheral blood BRAF V600E mutation will be less traumatic, more convenient and dynamic, indicating that it will be the future development trend of PTC research.

Key words:
V-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 oncogene; Circulating tumor DNA; Papillary thyroid carcinoma; Progress


FIELD: electricity. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to electrical engineering and electrical power engineering and is meant for in-service inspection of the state of insulation of high-voltage equipment, for example, transformers, shunt reactors at operating voltage through measurement of partial discharge characteristics in the insulation. Average current of partial discharge pulses is measured and compared with a given value. Frequency of partial discharge pulses exceeding a certain value is also measured. Measurement is done in a given time interval, which is chosen for each phase in an angle interval from 7π/6 to 3π/2 of the voltage period of the corresponding phase. Further, there is successive comparison of the average current of partial discharge pulses in corresponding phases for all electrical devices between themselves and frequency of the said pulses with given values and between themselves. The faulty phase of an electrical device is selectively detected from average current and frequency of the said pulses in it exceeding given values and corresponding values in that phase for the rest of the electrical devices. EFFECT: possibility of preventing failure of electrical equipment with severe consequences. 4 dwg


The Siroflash anti-pilling treatment for knitted fabrics is a process involving exposure of the fabric or garment surface to short wavelength ultraviolet radiation (UVC), fol lowed by a mild wet oxidation treatment using, for example, hydrogen peroxide or salts of permonosulphuric acid. UVC exposure is confined to the surface fibers and presensitizes them to the wet oxidation process, which selectively weakens them rel ative to the bulk fibers responsible for fabric strength. Because the surface fibers are much weaker after treatment, no anchor fibers are available to secure pills to the fabric surface. The treatment is a highly effective, chlorine-free method of preventing pilling in wool knitwear, which has now been demonstrated in wear trials. In addition. uv treatment of knitted garments prior to aqueous oxidation can effectively limit facing, up in wool knitwear during garment dyeing. A variation of the Siroflash process can also be used on cotton and cotton/wool blend fabrics by first padding hydrogen per oxide onto the fabric before UV exposure, then treating with continuous uv irradiation with a medium-pressure arc system similar to those used commercially for UV curing of polymer films. However, the continuous process is ineffective on pure wool knitted fabrics. The irradiation times necessary for effective treatment on wool using low power germicidal uv tubes vary depending on fabric or garment construction. Using these sources, however, irradiation times are too long for commercial use, and continuous exposure with a focused medium-pressure mercury arc is only partially effective. More powerful uv sources providing a high level of UVC radiation, for example noncoherent excimers or high-intensity low pressure arcs, or hybrid methods for weakening surface fibers (such as UV/H2O2 with a protease enzyme) may provide a rapid, effective, anti- pilling treatment for wool.


A characteristic equation is investigated which is related to a perfectly conducting infinite circular cylinder immersed in a homogeneous magnetoionic medium with the magnetic field parallel to the cylinder axis. It is found that in most cases one root of the characteristic equation contributes to the current on the cylinder surface when the contour of integration for the Fourier transform representation of the current is deformed into the path of steepest descent. Zeroth-order expressions for the admittance of a thin infinite antenna are given and compared to existing results based on numerical integration of the Fourier integral.


This research is to figure out the problems of the Taekwondo practitioners promotion test, so called SeungPoom(Simsa), and to probe the solutions for those problems. This researcher interviewed two judges, two coaches and two parents of the Taekwondo practitioners. The following conclusion is derived from this interview. First, the Taekwondo practitioners promotion test which does not reflect the reality of common Taekwondo training centers would lead to the decline of Taekwondo. It is necessary to provide a precise and specific evaluation contents and standards that embrace the reality. Secondly, the time for evaluation is not enough. It is necessary to lengthen the evaluation time and extend the evaluation standards so that the judge can examine the Taekwondo practitioners eligibility for the higher rank and their practitioners performance during the training period. Thirdly, the authority of the Taekwondo promotion test should be respected. If the Taekwondo practitioners evaluation leniently gives higher score for ineligible Taekwondo practitioners with vague standard and loosely administered test, the authority of the official evaluation would be damaged. To grant authority to the evaluation, the specific evaluation contents and standards should be implemented and the training centers should strictly follow the rule and train their Taekwondo practitioners.


We consider a self-assembled quantum dot (QD) system consisting of the QD itself, the wetting layer and the matrix on a substrate. The electronic structure for various III-V material combinations was determined by atomistic empirical pseudopotential calculations. Taking the widely investigated InAs/GaAs/GaAs(001) system as benchmark, we analyze the changes induced in the energy levels and offsets relevant for a QD-based intermediate band solar cell (IBSC). We explore the effects of (i) the dot material, (ii) the matrix material, and (iii) dot-matrix-substrate combinations that may enable strain balanced structures. Using as unique reference criterion the relative position of the intermediate band inside the band gap of the matrix, we suggest the dot/matrix/substrate combinations InAs/(In,Ga)P/GaAs(001), In(As,Sb)/GaAs/InP(001), and InAs/Ga(As,Sb)/InP(001) as promising candidates for QD-IBSCs.


Hafnium based materials are the leading candidates to replace conventional SiON as the gate dielectric in complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor devices. Hot carrier and constant voltage stress induced 1/f noise behavior is presented for HfSiON nMOSFETs. The additional low‐frequency noise introduced through stressing was evaluated on nMOSFETs with TiN metal gate and HfSiON gate dielectric. Nitridation of HfSiO was achieved either by high temperature thermal nitridation or by relatively lower temperature plasma nitridation. The difference in stress induced noise behavior is attributed to the nitrogen profile across high‐k/Si interface and bulk of high‐k gate oxide caused by different nitridation techniques.


In order to interpret the transport properties of aqueous cadmium iodide, the concentrations of free ions and complexes (CdI2–nn; n= 1, 2, 3, 4) were required. For this method the method of Reilly and Stokes was used. Potentiometric data of Bates and Bates and Vosburgh were used and overall stability constants β1, 2.66 × 102; β2, 1.42 × 103; β3, 1.11 × 105 and β4, 7.71 × 105 were obtained. The concentrations of individual complexes were then calculated for cadmium iodide solutions in the concentration range 0.001–0.50 mol dm–3.


.. Synopsis Hot impact direct extrusion has been carried out to test the workability oJ steel at high strain rate and high extrusion ratio using the high energy rate metal-working machine " Dy napak " . The strain rate was up to 3.6x 10'sec- 'and the extrusion ratio wasJrom 4 to 25. The extru sion jnessure and the relative disjllacement between the jmllch and the die were recorded on a synchroscojle. The results are summarized as Jollows :


In 1996, Department of Engineering and MaterialSciences,National Natural Science Foundation (NSFC), accepted the suggestion made by some experienced members of CAS and published the key support project Green Architecture System and Dwelling Pattern in application guide for NSFC project. The project research group, led by Prof.


Now IPv6 has been considered as one of the core standards for the next generation Internet Protocol. The network behavior and attack are quite different in IPv6 environment because of the difference between IPv4 and IPv6 Protocol. The increasing expansion of network scale and the exponential growth of network application are urging the research that a firewall for IPv6 environment should be deployed and implemented. This paper studies Netfilter architecture in detail, and explores the Shorewall6 firewall source codes. Furthermore, an IPv6 firewall based on Netfilter is implemented by modifying the Shorewall6 firewall source codes and adding some iptables rules according to the application environment. The implemented IPv6 firewall based on Netfilter makes it convenient for administrators to simplify IPv6 network administration tasks and has furthered the development of IPv6 firewall to some extent.


Two artificial dipeptides containing both a pendant monodentate (pyridine (py)) and tridentate (terpyridine (tpy) or phenyl terpyridine (varphi-tpy)) ligand on an aminoethylglycine (aeg) backbone have been synthesized. These oligopeptides are fully characterized by one and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. The ligands were chosen because they coordinate Cu(2+) to form [Cu(py)(tpy)](2+) complexes; when bound to the dipeptide scaffold, Cu(2+) chelation cross-links the strands to form double-stranded duplex structures with an antiparallel arrangement. Using spectrophotometric titrations, we observe coordination of one Cu(2+) metal per dipeptide strand. Mass spectrometry, NMR spectroscopy, vapor pressure osmometry, and HPLC confirm that the resulting structures are the dipeptide duplex cross-linked by two metal centers.


The generally accepted date for the outbreak of the Intifada is 9 December 1987. On that day most of the Jabelia refugee camp did not go to work. Instead they went to the streets to demonstrate. This came as a reaction to a terrible accident that occurred a day earlier in Gaza. A truck driver recklessly made a turn and hit a Palestinian car. Four of its passengers were killed. Others were wounded. A rumour spread that the accident was intentional, that it was planned as an act of revenge for the death of Shlomo Sekel, an Israeli who was stabbed two days earlier in the market of Gaza. It did not matter that no facts were found to establish a connection between the two incidents. Rumours have a life of their own and in the existing atmosphere it served as a trigger for mass rioting. Yasser Arafat coined the term Intifada which means shuddering, a shivering fever. He thought that this was merely another spasm that would end in a few days. Arafat was wrong. The uprising began some three years ago and there are still no signs to suggest that it is coming to an end. Shortly before his death Abu Jihad offered another term to characterise the uprising Haba, meaning: 'storm'. However, the term Intifada remained, to mean awakening, shaking oneself. The Intifada opened a new chapter in the history of the IsraeliPalestinian conflict. It introduced a new form of struggle: not war, nor terror, but mass civil violence in which firearms are rarely in use. This chapter was not opened in one blow. The accident of 8 December 1987 was only the trigger. It was certainly not the cause. The aims of this essay are to analyse the causes and consequences of the Intifada, and to focus on some of the trends which are likely to play an important part in shaping the Israeli-Palestinian conflict in the


To determine the profile and pregnancy outcome of women with a single previous caesarean section, having either VBAC or repeat caesarean section objectives The objectives of the study: To determine the number of women with a single previous c/s delivering at KEH To determine the number of women having VBAC vs. repeat caesarean section. To determine the reasons given by patients for refusal of VBAC. To determine the proportion of women with a single previous c/s having a repeat elective (planned) caesarean section To determine the reasons of failed VBAC, necessitating recourse to caesarean section To determine the pregnancy outcomes of women who undergo VBAC vs. those having repeat elective caesarean section


Aluminum-ion electrochromic energy storage device (EESD) is one of the most promising alternatives to lithium-ion device. Nevertheless, it faces a substantial challenge in the successful application due to the difficulties...


Summary.  Background: The incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is increased among cancer patients. Objective: We assessed serum levels of C‐reactive protein (CRP) in order to study their prognostic significance for VTE and survival in the prospective observational Cancer and Thrombosis Study (CATS). Patients and methods: This study includes patients with recently diagnosed cancer or progression of disease after remission. Occurrence of VTE and information on the patients' anti‐cancer‐treatment are recorded. Observation ends with occurrence of objectively confirmed VTE, death or after 2 years. CRP levels were determined by an immunonephelometric method. Results: We included 705 consecutive patients with solid tumors. During the observation period, VTE occurred in 43 (6.1%) patients and 413 (58.6%) died. The cumulative probability of VTE was 6.6% after 1 year. In univariate analysis, CRP (as metric variable, per double increase) was associated with VTE [hazard ratio (HR) 1.2, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1–1.3 P = 0.048]. However, in multivariable analysis including chemotherapy, surgery and radiotherapy, metastasis, cancer‐site and sP‐selectin the association with VTE (HR 1.0, 95% CI 0.9–1.2 P = 0.932) was no longer observed. CRP was clearly associated with worse survival probability with a HR of 1.3 (95% CI 1.2–1.3, P < 0.0001) in multivariable analysis. The cumulative survival after 12 months was 43% in patients with CRP above the 75th percentile (1.8 mg dL−1) and 82% in those below the 75th percentile. Conclusions: In cancer patients elevated CRP was not independently associated with VTE. CRP was significantly associated with worse survival.


To improve the high frequency characteristic according to a chip size package. Type high frequency device includes a semiconductor substrate 10, the circuit element and the multilayer wiring layer a plurality of re-wiring layer respectively connected to the 12 high-frequency circuit layer, and a plurality of conductive pads 14 and a plurality of conductive pads (14) consisting of (22), a is provided in the first insulating layer 16 a and the re-distribution layer 22 formed on, a multilayer wiring layer thick seal insulating layer 20 and the sealing insulating layer for more than 16, the re-distribution layer ( 22) and it has a plurality of conductive posts 24 are provided between the connecting terminal (28) for mounting. Then, the high-frequency circuit of the high-frequency circuit layer has a power output amplifier for outputting from a conductive post by the input amplifier for amplifying a high-frequency reception signal input from the conductive posts corresponding to an input, amplifying the high-frequency transmitting signal corresponding to said output, a first conductive posts corresponding to the power supply has a first diameter, a second conductive post that corresponds to the input of the input amplifier has a smaller second diameter than the first diameter, the third conductive posts corresponding to the output of a power output amplifier has a larger third diameter greater than the second diameter. The diameter is optimized in response to the function of the conductive posts. High frequency device, a post diameter, loss, module


This report focuses on Packet Tracer and GNS3 and how these can be used to simulate real equipment at a company to prepare for implementation of new hardware while mitigating cost. It also shows how these can be used for educational purposes as a complement to real-world equipment for the courses held by Cisco. It's also an evaluation of both softwares to decide which of them that is the best choise in a given scenario. A topology is created, complete with an IPaddressing table and fairly common configurations. The goal is to examine how the softwares behave and if they can handle the configurations. Both of them do well during testing, but the images of IOS that were tested in GNS3 do not support PortSecurity in its standard configuration so the title go to Packet Tracer. Packet Tracer is best suited for basic educational purposes because of its easy and understandable packet tracking abilities while GNS3 is better for more advanced topologies with support for importing pre-owned hardware.


To investigate whether arterial stiffness (AS) differs between healthy women and women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) managed by different treatment modalities.


Moral development has been a debatable construct. Several instruments have been made to measure this construct with limited usability. Therefore, on theoretical background of Piaget and Kohlberg, the researchers have developed a comprehensive structured interview inventory named as MDII (Moral Development Interview Inventory) for measuring moral development stages of children and adults. The inventory contains ten dilemmas based on distinct universal ethical values along with a comprehensive scoring key. Validity and reliability of the instrument has been determined by concurrent and test re test methods respectively. Chronback alpha and other correlation coefficients declared substantial validity and reliability for the interview inventory. Development of MDII (Moral Development Interview Inventory) 2


Abstract Anaesthesia and critical care are important, acute specialities in which the practitioners need considerable dexterity and practical skills as well as an ability to think quickly in an emergency situation. However, although technical skills are clearly very important to achieving good outcomes, identifying and integrating the best available evidence from clinical research is also important to improve patient care. Clinicians who wish to use an 'evidence-based' approach to the practice of anaesthesia and critical care will need to learn some new skills such as those of comprehensively searching the medical literature and critically appraising clinical studies. These processes are often time consuming and a number of shortcuts have been developed to enable clinicians to obtain up-to-date valid summaries of the clinical evidence. One such approach is to read systematic reviews. Systematic reviews provide summaries of the results of studies (such as randomized controlled trials) using a rigorous methodology. The methodology is designed to limit bias and reduce random errors, thus providing reliable results on which to draw conclusions and make decisions. If appropriate, a systematic review may include a meta-analysis of the results of a number of different studies. Meta-analysis is a statistical method used to aggregate data from independent studies. It can provide more precise estimates than those derived from the individual studies included in the review. Systematic reviews are now becoming increasingly used and many are of high quality and are reliable, such as those published on the Cochrane Library. However, evidence-based practitioners will need to critically appraise systematic reviews to ensure that they are of a sufficiently high standard to be used to guide practice. By identifying best evidence and applying it appropriately clinicians can ensure that the management of patients is based on clinically useful diagnostic tests and treatments which are effective and not harmful.


It is a common sense in the field of world educational theory that the development of higher education is promoted and the participation of talents into practice of training for technical education is encouraged. All countries have taken active measures to encourage and promote the development of higher education in their own countries. With deepening of reform and opening up, talent shortage has become the bottleneck of social and economic development in China's higher education. In order to meet the needs of professional and technical talents in economic development, China's vocational higher education has established the goal of training talents to meet the needs of social and economic development. In educational practice, talent training is related to job gap in social technology. Under the guidance of this goal, the batch of market-oriented training model for qualified personnel has become the mainstream. As a result, China's higher educational system can alleviate the "thirst for talent" in the market and provide a strong support for sustained and healthy development of economy. The mode of Chinese higher educational system and "dual system" of British educational model constitute a different form of personnel training. The UK higher education pays more attention to ability training, which has significant tendency. It is beneficial to individual development, while Chinese higher educational system supported by university system will not only offer the talents systematic knowledge, but also timely adjust the teaching content according to the change of market demand and enhance the social applicability of higher education. In the reform of optimizing Chinese higher educational system, we should actively refer to experiences of higher education in Britain to build higher educational system with Chinese characteristics: strengthening basic construction of law system and top-level construction of vocational education; carrying out quality certification and encouraging enterprises to participate in practice of vocational education system; regulating the connotative construction of contents and model in higher education to improve the quality of vocational education.


Heart rate (HR) variability (HRV) has recently seen a surge in interest regarding the evaluation of cognitive performance as it always be used to measure the autonomic nervous system function. In this study, we argue that a presenters' HR data can be used to effectively evaluate their cognitive performance, specifically presenters' performance of discussion which consists of several Q&A segments (question and answer pairs) compared with using traditional natural language processing (NLP) such as semantic analysis. To confirm this, we used a non-invasive device, i.e., Apple Watch, to collect real-time updated HR data of presenters during discussions in our lab-seminar environment, their HR data were analyzed based on Q&A segments, and three machine-learning models were generated for evaluation: logistic regression, support vector machine, and random forest. We also discuss the meaningful HR and HRV features (metrics). Comparative experiments were conducted involving semantic data of Q&A statements alone and a combination of HR and semantic data. The HR data of presenters resulted in effective evaluation of discussion performance compared with using only semantic data. The combination of these two types of data could improve the discussion performance evaluation ability to some extent.


The constructions of English specialties in mid-western universities of science and engineering are facing problems such as the losing of subject awareness,the uncertainty of the developmental course and the employment difficulty for their graduates.This paper analyses the two causes:a short time construction history and the influence of the quick development of society.It also studies the dilemma of the English specialty construction and its opportunities,and presents some thoughts and solutions to these issues.


Two groups of incretin mimetic drugs are effective for treating patients with type 2 diabetes. Both groups augment the activity of glucagon-like


A patient with glaucoma was poisoned with his echothiophate iodide eye drops and experienced an acute cholinergic crisis. Treatment with atropine and pralidoxime chloride produced a rapid recovery. While it is likely that the intoxication was by the oral route, it is possible that routine topical application alone was responsible. At least the partial cholinesterase depression produced by topical therapy predisposed the patient to crisis.


This paper is to explore how to improve the teaching methods in anatomy so as to enchance the quality of teaching.In the classroom teaching,teachers should develop students' ability of analyzing problems,problem-sloving ability and creativity by the means of emphasizing the focal points,inspiriting students,mode of thinking and integrating theory with practice and etc.Through the reform of the teaching methods mentioned above,students' interests in learning were aroused and better teaching effectiveness was obtained.The key to improving the teaching quality is to renew the teaching methods in class constantly.


Timing control system can provide the timing of the trigger signal and the synchronous clock signal for the magnet power control device and magnets measuring equipment during their operation,the accuracy and stability of the timing system is extremely important.The article describes the design based on Xilinx series of FPGA hardware circuit design、electro-optical conversion circuit、the serial communication driver module and LabVIEW-EPICS interface to achieve.Through the online test results show that the system meets the requirements of the power magnetic survey of the timing control system.


Abstract Analytical solutions are found for topographic waves propagating over step bottom slopes in a two-layer infinite channel. From the inviscid unforced long-wave equation for a two-layer fluid on an f-plane, it is shown, under the assumption of a relatively thin upper layer, that barotropic waves force a baroclinic response through topographic coupling, resulting in surface intensified motion. Solutions are found with and without the small slope approximation. It is shown that the small slope approximation underestimates the frequency of low-frequency topographic waves, even when the slope is small. The theory is compared with observations from the Strait of Georgia and with a numerical model of the St. Lawrence estuary.


This paper investigates the psychological plausibility of the bipolarity concept, i.e., that positive and negative kinds of information are treated differently. Sections 2 and 3 review relevant investigations of the representational and affective systems in the experimental psychology literature. Section 4 provides new data supporting the idea that even when considering how affective changes occur, a certain level of independence exists between the positive and negative sides of affect. Together the studies reported here strongly support the psychological plausibility of bipolarity: Positive and negative kinds of information are not processed in the same way whichever domain is considered, preferences (affect) or beliefs (mental categories). © 2008 Wiley Periodicals Inc.


We consider the problem of unsupervised domain adaptation (DA) in regression under the assumption of linear hypotheses (e.g. Beer-Lambert's law) – a task recurrently encountered in analytical chemistry. Following the ideas from the non-linear iterative partial least squares (NIPALS) method, we propose a novel algorithm that identifies a low-dimensional subspace aiming at the following two objectives: i) the projections of the source domain samples are informative w.r.t. the output variable and ii) the projected domain-specific input samples have a small covariance difference. In particular, the latent variable vectors that span this subspace are derived in closed-form by solving a constrained optimization problem for each subspace dimension adding flexibility for balancing the two objectives. We demonstrate the superiority of our approach over several state-of-the-art (SoA) methods on two typical DA scenarios involving unsupervised adaptation of multivariate calibration models between different process lines in melamine production and equality to SoA on a well-known benchmark dataset from analytical chemistry involving (unsupervised) model adaptation between different spectrometers. The former data set is provided along with this paper.


The method of metallization after resist exposure and development as described by Hatzakis et al, has been shown tb be useful in the fabrication of semiconductor metal interconnections [1, 2]. A more recent innovation of this method, the "Single-Step Lift-off Process" [3], has been shown to be less complicated and easier to use than most other lift-off processes. In this process, the top layer of a single resist film is made less soluble than the underlying resist material by soaking in a solvent. This top layer will now develop at some rate less than the remaining resist film thus causing an overhang of resistsuitable for metal liftoff applications. A typical process flow for this process is given in Fig. 1. For this test series, the image size and undercut measurements were done after image develop using scanning electron microscope cross-section pictures. Also, the time required to develop through the exposed resist film was monitored and is labeled as the develop end point. All times referred to in this report will be as a percentage beyond the end-point time.


A kind of composite wax powder conform to selective laser sintering was found out through a large number of sintering experiments which use different wax powders. Aimed at the new composite wax powder, the laser sintering properties and forming process were studied by orthogonal tests. And the optimum process parameters and qualified precision casting moulds were obtained. The results show that the new type composite wax powder has good sinter molding performance and casting process adaptability. It can be used in the rapid manufacturing of precision casting wax mould.


The article considers the problems of rhythmic organization of M. Voloshin's lyrical books, the specific character of artistic integrity of thear cyclic structures.


Tiara Ade Rahma, 2015: The Influence of Corporate Governance Structure on The Level
of Disclosure Compliance Convergence of IFRS in Statement of Comprehensive Income.
Advisors: (I) Marsellisa Nindito, SE., M.Sc., Ak., CA; (II) Tresno Ekajaya, SE., M.Ak.
The purpose of this research is to analyze the influence of corporate governance structure
on the level of disclosure compliance convergence of IFRS in statement of comprehensive
income. The independent variables in this research are educational background of
president commissioners, number of audit committee members, number of audit
committee meetings, and competency of audit committee members. The level of disclosure
compliance convergence IFRS as dependent variable. This research uses secondary data
which is the annual report and the financial report of the company. Sample used in this
research are the listed miscellaneous industry companies on Indonesia Stock Exchange
during 2013. Then the sample used is based on purposive sampling which are 38
companies qualified in this research. This research conducts multiple linear regression
analyses method to examine the hypothesis in the level of significance 5%.
This research proves that educational background of president commissioners have
positive and significant influence towards the level of disclosure compliance convergence
IFRS, whereas number of audit committee members, number of audit committee meetings,
and competency of audit committee members does not has any influence towards the level
of disclosure compliance convergence IFRS. The independent variables used such as are
educational background of president commissioners, number of audit committee
members, number of audit committee meetings, and competency of audit committee
members enable to explain the dependent variable which is the level of disclosure
compliance convergence IFRS 19,6%.
Key words: corporate governance structure, level of disclosure compliance, convergence
of IFRS, statements of comprehensive income


Records of education in Croatia occur very soon after the settlement of Croats in this area. It is tied to 9th century and Duke Trpimir. Initial steps of education were not legally bounded nor the school was obligatory. In the second half of the 19th century, more precisely in 1871, with the First Education Act education becomes obligatory. Using the comparative analysis, the contents of the first three education acts from 1871, 1874 and 1888 will be explored as well as historical development and the legal foundations of obligatoriness of education. The paper compares the first pedagogical documentation i.e. education acts of obligatory civic schools in 18 differently grouped categories. After the analysis of the content of pedagogical documentation — original historical material, it is clear that three education acts regulated many pedagogical elements that enabled proper functioning of the first civic schools. In this legal acts schools and the teachers have become concern of the state and an important institution for further social progress and development. This paper provides an insight into the legal beginnings that have served for foundation and later on for contemporary development of education in Croatia and its development up to the present democratically structured schools.


Our knowledge of Melanchthon's thought on the role of godly magistrates in the church is surprisingly incomplete, despite the generally acknowledged importance of that thought. Most Reformation scholars are familiar with Melanchthon's argument that the Christian magistrate is, as custodian of both tables of the Law and as foremost member of the church, the incumbent of an office established for the sake of the church and thus burdened with responsibility for the establishment and maintenance of true religion. Most know too that this argument became the standard Lutheran justification for what is called the cura religionis of the magistrate. Few, however, are aware that it took Melanchthon a good decade to arrive at that doctrine, that he spent a further decade or so refining and developing it, and that during all that time there was an intimate connection between the content of his thought and the course of public events. The reason for this gap in our knowledge is that the history of the development of Melanchthon's thought on the religious duties of secular rulers has not yet been written.


Government programs have increasingly been challenged under the Charter on the grounds that they are provided inappropriately to a limited number of beneficiaries and that the benefits provided are set at insufficient levels. Courts have thus been asked to determine how governments should allocate finite resources in a world of infinite need. In this paper, the authors explore the question of the place of financial considerations for the purposes of section 1 of the Charter.
In Martin (2003), the government of Nova Scotia attempted to rely on financial considerations in order to justify the exclusion of chronic pain sufferers from the regular compensation scheme provided by the Workers' Compensation Act. Relying on dicta from the Schachter (1992) and Judges' Reference (1997) decisions, the Supreme Court dismissed this argument and held that budgetary considerations could not be put forward by governments as a free-standing pressing and substantial objective for the purposes of section 1 of the Charter. However, the Court also acknowledged that "in certain circumstances", financial considerations may constitute a pressing and substantial objective.
The Court found it unnecessary to decide this point in Martin, and the question remains unanswered. Using examples from tort and administrative law, as well as lower court Charter decisions, the authors argue that courts cannot ignore the realities imposed on governments by fiscal limitations. If courts take on a greater role in policy-making, they must give serious consideration not only to arguments based on financial considerations, but also to the financial implications of their decisions.


The GCA (global cellular automata) model consists of a collection of cells which change their states synchronously depending on the states of their neighbors like in the classical CA model. In differentiation to the CA model the neighbors are not fixed and local, they are variable and global. The GCA model is applicable to a wide range of parallel algorithms, and it can be implemented on reconfigurable hardware. We discuss the GCA implementation of PRAM algorithms, exemplified by the algorithm of Hirschberg et al, which determines the connected components of a given undirected graph. Insights are that efficient mappings of PRAM algorithms onto GCA exist, and that PRAM and GCA optimality criteria differ because the latter takes memory consumption into account. This makes the GCA a parallel computational model and an implementation platform, thus narrowing the gap between theory and practice.


The relevance of the work is caused by necessity of the involving of local low-grade raw materials in the fuel energy balance. The purpose of the work is technical and economical evaluation to implementation possibility of the solid composite fuel production from peat as an example of the Tomsk region. The results of a processing of the low-grade raw materials at certain types from Tomsk region into the solid composite fuel are shown, their competitiveness is evaluated, the process line to production of this fuel is suggested and the economical calculation of the production organization by its basis is made. As a result, the prime cost of solid composite fuel and technical and economical parameters of investments efficiency are determined.


With the continuous development of China's economic construction, the output of agricultural products in various regions has increased significantly on the original basis. As a major exporter of agricultural products, Heilongjiang Province is also showing a gradual increase in its production capacity. It has created more economic benefits for China, and the quality of life of local farmers can also be significantly improved. However, at the same time, related issues in the logistics field are also becoming increasingly prominent in the context of increasing agricultural output. In order to effectively solve the logistics problems and allow more agricultural products to circulate smoothly at home and abroad, relevant staff in the field of Internet of Things should deeply feel the important responsibilities on their shoulders and carry out timely innovations in working methods. In addition, we should also apply our valuable work experience and brand-new Internet of Things technology to agricultural product logistics, and build a smart logistics platform based on the actual situation in Heilongjiang Province. This is an inevitable trend in historical development.


The paper presents CaseLP, a logic-based prototyping environment for specifying and verifying complex distributed applications. CaseLP provides a set of languages for modeling intelligent and interacting components (agents) at different levels of abstraction. It also furnishes tools for integrating legacy software into a prototype. The possibility of integrating, into the same executable prototype, agents which are only specified as well as already developed components can prove extremely useful in the engineering process of complex applications. In fact, the reusability of existing components can be verified before the application has been implemented and the developer can be more confident on the correctness of the new components specification, if it has been executed and tested by means of an interaction with the existing components. Besides the aspects of integration and reuse, CaseLP also faces another fundamental issue of nowadays applications, namely distribution. The components which constitute the prototype are logically distributed. The features of the network (latency and reliability of the communication channels between agents) can be set by the prototype developer, thus allowing a realistic simulation of a physically distributed application. 1 Software Development Challenges Despite thirty years of research and experience and many successful results, software systems are still difficult to engineer to guarantee correctness and reliability. This is particularly true for distributed systems, where a set of entities have to cooperate and coordinate for exchanging information coming from diverse existing sources. Hence, integration and reusing of different kinds of information and software tools is an urgent necessity that new software products have to face. The agent-oriented paradigm [?, ?] is an emerging technology which allows a high level model of applications in which many autonomous, intelligent and interacting entities (a Multi-Agent System or MAS) cooperate to achieve a common goal or compete to satisfy personal needs. We assume a loose "declarative" definition that an agent is an autonomous, social, reactive and proactive piece of software that provides some services and is able to communicate with other agents using a common agent communication language. Our interest in intelligent agents is driven by the firm belief that they can be profitably adopted in building prototypes where existing components coexist with components which are only specified. A prototype of this kind should prove extremely useful for two reasons. • The problem of testing the behavior of already developed software when used for a purpose different from its original one, is fundamental in order to decide if the software can be easily reused or not. If a prototype for a new application is developed and the existing software is


Abstract : Preparation and application of extremely fine metal powders are discussed. Among methods of production special attention is called to preparation of powders by electrolytic deposition on a mercury cathode and by reduction of oxides and organic compounds by purely chemical methods. (Author)


We propose a new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under the control of M (M < N) controllers. In comparison with other existing protocols, ours is more economical and more feasible. The quantum resource required is just M Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger trios plus (N − M) Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen pairs. The techniques required are only N Bell measurements by the sender, a von Neumann measurement by a controller and N single-qubit transformations by the receiver. The rule for the receiver to reconstruct the desired state is derived explicitly in the most general case.


This study explored local food culture and curatorial design theories to establish a model of communication as a reference for curatorial design applications. The feasibility of the proposed model was verified through analyzing audience responses to curated works representing the image of local food culture. The lyrical narrative style of Chinese literature was used to develop a communication index for questionnaire surveys by incorporating the following three items: the degree to which respondents favored the curatorial theme; the degree to which the theme matched the image of local food culture; and the degree to which respondents favored the image of local food culture. The survey was conducted to determine the mode through which curatorial designs convey images of local food culture. Subsequently, we analyzed how to increase the degree to which the aesthetic experience of a curatorial design matches the image of local food culture, and transform the communication index in the image of local food culture. Formulating a theoretical concept, establishing an index of communication, and categorizing the image of local food culture were influenced by numerous subjective factors. Although these items cannot be precisely interpreted or expressed quantitatively, they were embedded with the following values: re-present local cultural industries, and to encourage people to participate in curating works on local food culture. Through evaluating previous local food culture exhibitions, this study proposed an innovative concept and direction for enabling the explicit form of a curatorial design to match the implicit spirit of local food culture. Subsequently, local culture-based curatorial designs can be extended further to augment the affective elements of such designs.


'Oruganda Rw'abazigaba' means 'The Abazigaba clan' . The song talks about the Abazigaba clan and how they have worked together for development. It is the anthem for the Abazigaba clan members who live in Katerera.


The earliest evidence of a sense of Lebanese identity is to be found in the writings of some Lebanese historians of the first half of the nineteenth century. By that time the Shihabs, a Sunnite Moslem family from the southern Anti-Lebanon who had inherited the emirate over the Druzes and Christians of the southern Lebanon in 1697, and had become converted to Christianity according to the Maronite (Uniate Catholic) rite in the second half of the eighteenth century, had succeeded in extending their sway, de facto, over the whole of Mount Lebanon, from the mainly Christian hinterland of Tripoli in the north to the Druze-Christian hinterland of Sidon in the south. A Lebanese entity had thus emerged, separate and distinct from the rest of Syria, bringing the Maronites and Druzes of the country, along with its other Christian and Moslem sects, under one government. The emirate inherited and expanded by the Shihabs had a long history behind it. It had developed in earlier Ottoman times out of feudal privileges enjoyed by the Druze chieftains of the southern Lebanon since the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, when the Mamluk rulers of Egypt and Syria, to secure the loyalty of the warlike Druzes, recognized hereditary feudal tenure in the Druze mountain (feudalism in the Islamic states was not, as a rule, hereditary). The Ottomans, who conquered Syria from the Mamluks in I5I6, permitted the Druze chieftains to maintain their privileges under a paramount emir (first recognized in 1591) who was charged with the maintenance of order, the dispensation of justice, and the collection and remittance of the revenue. This gave the southern Lebanon a relative security; and, in time, Christians (mainly Maronites) from the northern Lebanon came to settle there under the protection of the Druze emirs. In the course of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries the emirate of the southern Lebanon, while it continued to enjoy its political privileges, became further differentiated from its surroundings as a result of


Abstract This paper is based on an investigation of the Sraffa Archives and tries to characterise Piero Sraffa's approach to business cycles and economic policy. It includes two parts. The first part of the paper shows the importance of economic institutions and social conventions in Sraffa's contribution to economics and their relation with social conflicts. The second part of the paper shows how this importance permits to understand better business cycles and economic policy but also indirectly contributes to a re-interpretation of Sraffa's contribution to economics.


We develop a multistage self-regulatory perspective on job search effort assuming active job seekers conducting job searches within a job search goal life span. Specifically, we propose that time pressure increases as the goal of finding employment becomes more proximal, while job search uncertainty decreases. Drawing on these premises, we integrate social comparison theory, control theory, and the attentional focus model of time pressure to hypothesize how various intrapersonal (i.e., prior effort, job search progress) and sociocontextual (i.e., effort put forth by peers in a social network) factors relate to job seekers' self-regulation of effort at different stages (i.e., preparatory, active-extensive, and active-intensive) of a job search process. In two studies of job seekers, we found that (1) prior job seeker effort is positively related to current effort across stages, (2) average peer job search effort is more strongly and positively related to job seeker effort earlier in job search, and (3) job search progress (i.e., the ratio of interviews to applications in Study 1 and perceived progress in Study 2) is negatively related to job seeker effort later in job search. Theoretical implications and future research directions are discussed.


This chapter covers the lexicographical ordering of lower Christoffel words, which is equivalent to the ordering by their slopes (Borel and Laubie). Lower Christoffel words are particular Lyndon words. They are maximum for the lexicographical order among Lyndon words of a given slope (Borel and Laubie). They are, together with the upper Christoffel words, the only unbordered finite Sturmian words (Chuan). They are exactly the Lyndon words which are Sturmian words (Berstel and de Luca). The standard factorization of a lower Christoffel word is obtained by cutting before the smallest lexicographical suffix. Finally, they are exactly the Lyndon words which are equilibrated (Melançon).


The novel wave profiles for the more general [Formula: see text]-dimensional Boussinesq equation are established in this paper. To get such outstanding results, we employ the potent Sardar sub-equation technique. The recognized explanations for several physical difficulties have been studied. These technological advancements have been proven to be helpful for the transmission of long-wave and high-power communications networks. The circumstances that gave rise to the emergence of these solutions are described in detail. The physical characteristics of the governing equation have been depicted in contour plots and three dimensions.


This paper overviews ENFrame, a programming framework for probabilistic data. In addition to relational query processing supported via an existing probabilistic database management system, ENFrame allows programming with loops, assignments, conditionals, list comprehension, and aggregates to encode complex tasks such as clustering and classification of probabilistic data. We explain the design choices behind ENFrame, some distilled from the wealth of work on probabilistic databases and some new. We also highlight a few challenges lying ahead. 1 Motivation and Scope Probabilistic data management has gone a long, fruitful way in the last decade [20]: We have a good understanding of the space of possible relational and hierarchical data models and its implication on query tractability; the community already delivered several open-source systems that exploit the first-order structure of database queries for scalable inference, e.g., MystiQ [3], Trio [22], MayBMS/SPROUT [11], and PrDB [19] to name very few, and applications in the space of web data management [8, 6]. Significantly less effort has been spent on supporting complex data processing beyond mere querying, such as general-purpose programming. There is a growing need for computing frameworks that allow users to build applications feeding on uncertain data without worrying about the underlying uncertain nature of such data or the computationally hard inference task that comes along with it. For tasks that only need to query probabilistic data, existing probabilistic database systems do offer a viable solution [20]. For more complex tasks, however, successful development requires a high level of expertise in probabilistic databases and this hinders the adoption of existing technology as well as communication between potential users and experts. A similar observation has been recently made in the areas of machine learning [5] and programming languages [10]. Developing programming languages that allow probabilistic models to be expressed concisely has become a hot research topic [18]. Such programming languages can be imperative (C-style) or declarative (first-order logic), with the novelty that they allow to express probability distributions via generative stochastic models, to draw values at random from such distributions, and to condition values of program variables on observations. For inference, the programs are usually grounded to Bayesian networks and fed to MCMC methods [15]. In the area of databases, MCDB [13] and SimSQL [4] have been visionary in enabling stochastic analytics in the database by coupling Monte Carlo simulations with declarative SQL extensions and parallel database techniques. The thesis of this work is that one can build powerful and useful probabilistic data programming frameworks that leverage existing work on probabilistic databases. ENFrame [21] is a framework that aims to fit this vision: Copyright 0000 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. However, permission to reprint/republish this material for advertising or promotional purposes or for creating new collective works for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or to reuse any copyrighted component of this work in other works must be obtained from the IEEE. Bulletin of the IEEE Computer Society Technical Committee on Data Engineering


Glioma is the most common type of primary brain tumors in adults. Previous evidence indicates that the X‐ray repair cross‐complementing group 1 gene (XRCC1) is an important candidate gene which influencing the pathogenesis of glioma. This study aims to assess the potential associations between glioma risks and genetic polymorphisms of XRCC1 gene. A total of 1,286 Chinese Han ethnic subjects consisting of 638 glioma patients and 648 controls were recruited in this case‐control study. The genotyping of XRCC1 genetic polymorphisms (c.482C>T, c.1161G>A, and c.1804C>A) were conducted using the polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR‐RFLP), created restriction site‐PCR (CRS‐PCR) and DNA sequencing methods. Our data indicated that the allelic and genotypic frequencies of these genetic polymorphisms in glioma patients were significantly different from those of controls. We detected that the alleles/genotypes were statistically associated with the increased risks of glioma (for c.482C>T, TT versus (vs.) CC: OR = 2.24, 95% CI = 1.48–3.39, P < 0.001; T vs. C: OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.09–1.53, P = 0.003; for c.1161G>A, AA vs. GG: OR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.11–2.35, P = 0.012; A vs. G: OR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.01–1.41, P = 0.040; for c.1804C>A, AA vs. CC: OR = 2.12, 95% CI = 1.45–3.11, P < 0.001; A vs. C: OR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.12–1.56, P = 0.001). Our findings suggest that these genetic polymorphisms of XRCC1 gene may influence glioma risks in Chinese Han ethnic subjects, and might be potential molecular markers for evaluating glioma risks. J. Cell. Biochem. 115: 1122–1127, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


This article proposes a modified version of the previously known two-fluid model. To verify the modified two-fluid model, a study was conducted of a swirling jet emerging into a flooded space from a long pipe rotating around its axis. This task is difficult to solve using various turbulence models because turbulence anisotropy arises in it. Therefore, many RANS models for such problems do not give satisfactory results. The article presents the numerical results of the new model both for the flow inside a rotating pipe and for a free jet. The results obtained are compared with known experimental data, and with the results of the RSM model. Comparisons show that the proposed new model has high accuracy. In addition, the numerical implementation showed that it has good stability and convergence.


In preparing a balance sheet and income statement, simultaneously, conceptual and practical problems arise. A choice seems necessary between according preeminence to the balance sheet or the income statement. With the new concept of comprehensive income, the FASB seems to be giving more importance to the balance sheet concept rather than the income statement.


Chinese enterprises human resources are insufficient comfronting with the challenge of knowledge economy and market competition.The key points of human resources management are properly using and remaining talents in recent time.Developing human resources from sustain employee education.


Student Evaluation System (SES),generated during the transition from traditional teaching to network teaching,is an important teaching method to assist network teaching.The employment of the evaluation system provides a feasible way for the transformation from "teacher-centered pattern" to "student-centered pattern".The system based on network teaching is an all-round and scientific evaluation system,which has broken the traditional evaluation methods and runs through the whole teaching process.The system can guide and assist students to grasp the direction of study as well as assist teachers to collocate rationally teaching resources and set up good curriculum.


Growing edible plants in the home gardens has proven to help improve the quality of life. However, the appearance of garden pests in the home garden may be a problem, causing loss of productivity and spreading diseases. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the changing patterns of common garden pests among different species of edible plants in the home garden. The research was carried out approximately 8 months (June 2020 until January 2021) with 33 species of edible plants have been tested. All tested plants in the home garden were ranged at 2 to 8 months matured growth. Data sampling were carried out in two-phases, November 2020 and January 2021 when the plants were ready to harvest and the garden pest was active. The outcome of this paper was the pattern or preferences made by garden pests towards edible plants in the home garden. Recommendations are made with biological control approach with the presence of ladybirds as predatory insects to the common garden pest.


A new Direct SCF-Hartree Fock program (DSCF) has been improved by the method of DIIS. (17), (18) General performance measurement tools, as provided on the SGIPower Challenge/R10000 (194 MHz) running IRIX 6.2, which are the shell-commands perfex -a a.out and ssrun -(pcsampl, ideal, usertime) a.out, have been used for profiling the code. The main cpu-time-consuming subroutine was detected and parallel versions for PVM 3.3 as well as MPI have been deduced. An additional module for the purpose of achieving load-balancewas introduced and obtained speed-up parameters are presented and compared.


This paper reviews present understanding of the internal structure of the thin boundary layer, termed the magnetopause, that separates the distorted geomagnetic field in the magnetosphere from the flow of solar plasma in the magnetosheath. The fundamental theoretical concepts of the subject are introduced by considering the structure of the boundary layer that exists when a cold, unmagnetized stream of ions and electrons impinges normally on a vacuum magnetic field. This idealized model indicates how the earth's magnetic field is confined by the impact pressure of the solar wind, the geomagnetic field being terminated by induced shielding currents flowing in the magnetopause. The various idealizations and approximations in this model, such as the assumption of a cold solar plasma and the neglect of the interplanetary magnetic field, are examined critically. The presence of thermal plasma in the magnetosphere modifies the structure of the boundary layer so that the ions penetrate substantially deeper (∼100 km) than the electrons into the geomagnetic field. Complications then arise if the solar plasma has a component of velocity parallel to the confined field, as occurs in the downstream magnetopause that bounds the geomagnetic tail. This additional component of velocity generates electric currents parallel to the magnetic field that may destroy the small-scale equilibrium of the magnetopause and result in a tangential drag on the geomagnetic cavity. The available experimental information on the magnetopause structure is summarized and related to the theoretical investigations. Although the observations confirm some of the theoretical predictions, much of the detailed theory remains speculative at the present time.


Fragestellung des Projektes Semantics is a proper subdiscipline of linguistics with its on field or research, its own questions and its own methods. Semantic research is well established and we have a good (and continuously increasing) knowledge of semantic categories and semantic structures of natural language and languages. The project will extend current semantic analyses according to two aspects: (i) crosslinguistic semantics and (ii) the interface between semantics and other grammatical subsystems. The project assumes that crosslinguistic work in semantics and the analyses of different interfaces will not only provide more and new data, but it will also produce new and unexpected questions and open up a new field of research.


Latvia faces the challenges of an ageing society, which increases the demand for long-term social care services at municipal level. The aim of the work was to address the problematic issue related to the quality assurance and control of the care service for people of retirement age and the improvement of this quality control process in SCCs in Latvian municipalities. In addition, an analysis of the administrative data of social care homes in Latvia was carried out. The authors have concluded that currently, the arrival at an objective assessment of SCC service quality is impossible. The content of this work allows to argue that quality indicators (QI) should be integrated within SCC quality assessment, thus providing several advantages in terms of service planning and quality assessment, and the use of data for high quantity research.


ABSTRACT : Antioxidants are nutrient that can prevent the oxidative damage in the body. Arabica coffee and pandan is most common species of plant found in Indonesia. Arabica coffee and pandan known as plants with antioxidant activity. This study aimed to determine and compare antioxidant activity of water and ether fraction from methanolic extract of Arabica coffee leaves, pandan leaves and both combination by DPPH method. Vitamin C was used as positive control. The result show that Arabica coffee leaves have antioxidant activity better than pandan leaves and also gives big donation of antioxidant activity in their combinations. Statistical analysis showed that antioxidant activity from all sample were significanly different (p<0,05).


To date, the blood oxygenated-level dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) technique has enabled an objective and deeper understanding of pain processing mechanisms embedded within the human central nervous system (CNS). In order to further comprehend the benefits and limitations of BOLD fMRI in the context of pain as well as the corresponding subjective pain ratings, we evaluated the univariate response, test-retest reliability and confidence intervals (CIs) at the 95% level of both data types collected during evoked stimulation of 40°C (non-noxious), 44°C (mildly noxious) and a subject-specific temperature eliciting a 7/10 pain rating. The test-retest reliability between two scanning sessions was determined by calculating grouplevel interclass correlation coefficients and at the single-subject level. Across the three stimuli, we initially observed a graded response of increasing magnitude for both visual analogue scale (VAS) pain ratings and fMRI data. Test-retest reliability was observed to be highest for VAS pain ratings obtained during the 7/10 pain stimulation (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.938), while ICC values of pain fMRI data for a distribution of CNS structures ranged


significance of a plinth. Moreover, historical probabilities have to be considered. Churches of the A period were mostly monastic, and not Parish Churches. Except in towns, as at Canterbury, they were mostly in remote places. Atcham is at the important junction of Watling Street and the River Severn—an unlikely site for an A church, but not for one of later date. No criticism of detail or difference of personal judgement of particular monuments detracts from the immense achievement contained in these two volumes. It was a tragedy that Mrs. Joan Taylor died suddenly, shortly before the publication of these two volumes, but it is to be hoped that this will not prevent or delay the publication of the third volume, which all students of the subject await with enthusiasm. ERIC FLETCHER


This Research studied the various opinions people living in Lagos have about home in it true nous. Home generally can be a socio-cultural, psychological and ideological construct. Home means different thing to different people and can be interpreted along cultural and religious line. Therefore focus of the paper is to explain the connotation and characteristics of home in Lagos, in order to identify indicators that may define a Home. The study use triangulation, involving qualitative and quantitative method that relied on focused group interview guide, questionnaires distributed amongst residents currently residing in Lagos, Nigeria and inference statistics. The findings presented two important indicators of subtext and characteristics that were based on Psychological and Socio-physical backgrounds. The research results revealed that a broad-spectrum template framed and used to underscore significance and characteristics of home, for residents in major Nigeria cities (Lagos, Port Harcourt, Abuja, Benin, Jos, Calabar etc.) with little or no variance to the outcomes, the difference in culture and ideology notwithstanding.


Nitrogenous fertilizer (NPK) plant effluents from NAFCON were used in amending plots of land experimentally polluted with crude oil. Counts of heterotrophic bacteria (THBC) and fungi (TF), and of petroleum utilizing bacteria (PUB) and fungi (PUF) were monitored during an 8 weeks period. Counts obtained showed that NPK served as a good supplement for the growth of the petroleum degrading/utilizing bacteria in oil-polluted soils. Crude oil disappearance in plots TSP ranged between 8.70 and 34.80% and 20.90 and 60.50% for TST; cumulative loss was 73.0%. The disappearance was influenced by the N/P ratio in the supplementing fertilizer effluent. A total of ten genera of petroleum degraders were isolated, namely, Micrococcus, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Proteus, Bacillus, Actinomyces, Corynebacterium, Enterobacter, Brevibacteria and Citrobacter. Crops grown on the experimental plots at the end of the study period for soil recovery studies indicated good soil recovery.


Portal framework offers knowledge sharing and concept of codes irmovation and also a
reusable coding concept for rapid application development. Portal integration is essential
to enable different data, resources and services to be collected together to produce single
view for large community such as FTMSK. To enable such integration, Single Sign-On
solution must be develop to give easiness for user to use different application with a
single place of view. This research project is prepared for the Faculty of Information
Technology and Quantitative Science, MARA University of Technology, Shah Alam, is
an explanatory studies on integration and Single Sign-On issues. The research address the
problem related the need of seamless integration and Single Sign-On features to navigate
user throughout their personalized content retrieval. This thesis provides the descriptive
of several integration methods that can be implemented in FTMSK. The degrees of
possibility of each method to be implemented in FTMSK are pointed out to provide an
insight of the nature of the issues. This thesis also provides a prototype of integration
between uPortal and OpenACS framework as a proof of concept to support the
hypothesis of the research.


The paper deals with the theoretical and experimental investigation of the straight unsteady motion of a slender solid body submerged into the liquid of finite depth below the floating ice plate. The formulae describing the plate deflection with the help of integral and asymptotic methods are numerically analyzed with respect to velocity and submergence depth of the body, and basin depth. The experimental model tests on a submarine (scale of 1:500) moving under a polymeric plate 0.002m thickness in the test basin measuring L ́B ́H=2.15 ́1.2 ́1.5m are carried out. Good agreement between theoretical and experimental results regarding the values of the plate maximum deflections for various submergence depths, water depth and velocities of the moving body is obtained


Regardless of one's major or field of specialization, science or Chemistry specifically, plays an enormous role in life. Chemistry has become an indispensable feature in creating innovative tools in teaching the fact that Chemistry informs, many thoughts and behaviors, students have not valued science in general and Chemistry in particular. Thus, this study utilized the quantitative research with the use of a questionnaire to collect necessary data for the study and the Sloven formula to determine students' attitudes and level of confidence after taking introductory Chemistry subjects taught in tertiary level science courses at Centro Escolar University, Makati Branch. The findings confirmed that the CEU Makati students have high-level of confidence after taking up Chemistry. Male or female, whether a graduate from private or public high school shows the same confidence level after taking Chemistry in performing exploring and applying what they have learned in their everyday activities and to other science subjects. Furthermore, there is a significant relationship between students who take up a science-related course as to their attitude level and level of confidence after taking up Chemistry. Teachers should encourage and motivate students to develop a high positive attitude towards Chemistry through skills and their ability.


FIELD: technological processes.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a process for the preparation of components of API Group II and Group III base oils by means of catalytic hydrocracking of petroleum feed at a pressure of not less than 13.5 MPa, a temperature from 380 to 430 °C, a volumetric feed rate of 0.5 to 1.5 hwith a conversion degree of at least 75 % to produce an unconverted hydrocracking residue containing not less than 90 % by weight of saturated hydrocarbons, including isoparaffinic hydrocarbons of at least 30 % by weight, which is subjected to successive: vacuum distillation (fractionation), hydrotreating, catalytic dewaxing, hydrofinishing, rectification and vacuum distillation. Process is characterized in that as raw materials of hydrocracking, along with the straight-run raw material (vacuum gas oil) and the product of recycling (coker gas oil), by-products of the process of selective purification (residual extract in an amount of 4 to 6 % by weight) and dewaxing (petrolatum – from 1 to 3 % by weight), which makes it possible to obtain the required quality of base oil components at a hydroprocessing pressure of less than 6.0 MPa, are used. Proposed method allows obtaining high-index components of base oils with a viscosity index of 108 to 129 points, a sulfur content of less than 10 ppm (0.0010 % by weight) and a saturated hydrocarbon content of at least 90 % by weight, with kinematic viscosity at 100 °C: 3.5–4.0 mm/s; 4.0–4.5 mm/s; 5.5–6.5 mm/s; 7.5–8.0 mm/s, which allows varying the range in the production of commercial motor oils.EFFECT: method for the preparation of components of base oils of API groups II and III is proposed.1 cl, 12 tbl


Objective: Masters athletes in ice-skating are considered to serve as a model of anti-aging research. Previously, we investigated a study population of such athletes using the Anti-Aging QOL Common Questionnaire (AAQOL), and proposed a method of analysis by category. In this study, blood data from masters athletes in ice-skating were analyzed with a focus on lipid profiles.
Methods: Lipid profiles, a parameter closely associated with glycation stress, were examined in 76 male masters athletes in ice-skating (aged 40-73 years with a mean age of 54.2 ± 9.5 years).
Results: With regard to body mass index (BMI), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL), LDL/HDL, and atherogenic index (AI), the values were often within their respective normal ranges for 84.2%-98.6% of the subjects. A significant correlation was found in the combinations of parameters BMI and TG (r = 0.31), BMI and AI (r = 0.22), TG and HDL (r = 0.52), TG and AI (r = 0.57), and TG and HDL/LDL (r = 0.29).
Conclusion: The results of the present study are believed to be highly significant as it was conducted using an exclusive limited population of subjects as a model of anti-aging medicines with nearly uniform lifestyles; the results of such a population have not been reported to date. This study provides meaningful basic data for future research. The results of the present study revealed characteristic findings, including low TG, hyper-HDL-emia, and BMI-lipid correlations, along with evidence for low levels of glycation stress, suggesting that the exercise habits of these subjects maintained over many years might have a favorable effect. It should be noted, however, that the present study involves a limitation from the analytical viewpoint of lipid profile only; it will be necessary to investigate correlations with lifestyles, cardiopulmonary function, exercise function, and other factors, as well as lipid profiles.


The actual scientific problem of the report is models and methods of organization of microware machines with operational transition. The methods of analysis and synthesis of microware machines with operational transition are researched. The research is based on a linear algebra and least squares method. The theoretical novelty is in proposition of method for choosing constants for states and branches in the algorithm graph scheme on the base of the least squares method.