Purpose : In spite of appropriate management, ophthalmic artery occlusion has a poor prognosis and eventually progresses to the blindness or phthisis bulbi. We report one unusual cause of ophthalmic artery occlusion for the preventive purpose. Methods : A 44 year-old woman visited emergency room with an acute visual loss in the left eye and right hemiplegia. She had undergone illegal augmentation rhinoplasty using liquid silicone one day prior to the presentation. Results : Angiogram showed that injected liquid silicone entered the systemic circulation via nasal vein and induced the left cerebral infarction and left ophthalmic artery occlusion. On the 30th hospital day, right carotid cavernous fistula was developed with right ocular pain.


For the last couple of months, Indian rupee has become the worst performing Asian currency against the dollar. Indian currency is performing worst among all the major emerging economies. In the first week of July 2013, it crossed the psychological barrier of Rs. 60 and reached to an all time high of Rs.61 to the dollar. The rupees, in recent times, have not only depreciated against dollar but against all the major currencies .Depreciation has led to the costlier imports and since India is an import intensive country, its current account deficit (CAD) and trade account deficit is increasing at an alarming rate. Depreciation has increased the burden on the already high external debt of the country and by the end of March 2013; it increased to US $ 390.0 billion. The fall in the value of rupees has adversely affected the pace of economic growth as it has added pressure on the high inflation rate prevailing in the country. In India, the Reserve Bank of India intervenes in the foreign exchange market to maintain an orderly market conditions i.e. maintaining stability in exchange rates. Several factors affect exchange rate (INR VS. any other foreign currency like USD of US) like inflation rates, interest rates differentials, high current account deficits etc.This paper basically examines the reasons of ever changing exchange rates and recent deprecation of INR vs. other foreign currenciers.It also examines steps taken by RBI to arrest/control INR.


The 53rd Annual Conference of the German Society of Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology (GMDS), September 15–19, 2008 in Stuttgart, had the thematic focus "Bridging from Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology to Medical Engineering". GMDS members pioneered in the development of algorithms and analytical procedures, which are now routinely used for the monitoring of physiological parameters and body functions. Accordingly, innovative medical devices and novel technical solutions have shown great progress in the last decades but major challenges for the development of highly complex technical systems and their application in medicine and health care are emerging. Biomedical engineering is still a fascinating area, which offers attractive perspectives for medical informaticians, bio metricians, and epidemiologists for future research and development projects. Due to the immense growth of knowledge and expertise in this field it is promising to create closer links between biomedical engineers on the one hand and informatics, biometry and epidemiology experts on the other hand. The fusion of knowledge, skills, and expertise helps create patientand outcome-oriented technical solutions, supports pragmatic approaches in health service management and integrated patient care, and fosters relevant innovations solving problems in the patients' daily life. The aim of the GMDS 2008 con ference was to encourage contacts and co operation between GMDS researchers with research groups in the field of biomedical engineering. Main topics of the Stuttgart meeting ranged from bioinformatics, image-processing, computer-aided diagnostics and therapy, e-learning, health care research, terminologies, to methodological problems of screening programs. The promotion of young scientists is one of GMDS's greatest concerns. In dedicated sessions students are given the opportunity to present their first results to a scientific audience. The selected medical informatics (MI) papers provide a showcase for current research and new scientific applications in this field. Beginning with medical image processing, one of the MI topics of highest health care impact, we selected the contribution of Forkert, Säring, Fiehler, Illies, Möller, and Handels [1]. They describe a robust and fully automatic 3D Time-of-Flight method for brain tissue segmentation of MRA images by a specifically adapted graph-based extraction of the brain contours. This work is a coopera tion of three institutions at Hamburg Uni versity and offers a significantly improved view on the individual vascular brain anatomy, especially in case of severe intracranial arteriovenous malformations. The next paper presents a stimulating and highly useful combination of MI and bi ometry issues: Kuchinke, Aerts, Semler, and Ohmann [2] report on their work "CDISC Standard-based Electronic Archiving of Clinical Trials". Running complex clinical studies requires a sophisticated planning and monitoring in order to assure that all trial documents are archived in an integrated, legally secure and feasible manner. The CDISC standard ODM now offers the opporMethods Inf Med 2009; 48: 397–398


The purpose of this paper is to describe one part of the development of a Clear Path Sensory System for robo tics in general. A tracked crawler robot is utilized, with the only means of obstacle avoidance being infrared source detecti on. The infrared detection module is composed of modified p yroelectric infrared sensors, void of fresnel lens amplificatio n and void of robot emmitted infrared. The robot utilizes only existing radiated ambient infrared sources. It will detect l eft/right and right/left movement of human or animal frequencies within range. Within stage one of this project, no central control system (microprocessor), is initially used, relying only upon analogue response mechanisms to ascertain the most basic of configurations. Object avoidance utilizing existing ambient sources of radiation is not a new concept. In 1993 P. Aebischer describes his "all passive-sensing robot, Seymour", in which an array of varying equipment was used including eight CCD cameras onboard with the other main sensors consist ing of pyroelectric type and utilizing passive infrared, which are room temperature devices that respond only to a change i n temperature across their field of vision. Unlike ni ght vision cameras which respond to steady state infrared radi ation, pyroelectric sensors do not need to be cooled [7]. We represent here a feasible solution to obstacle avoidance in r obotics


Corporate social responsibility is one of the company's effort foster good relations to the community. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is defined as a concept where a company has responsibility to society and the environment in all aspects of company operations. CSR is closely linked to "sustainable development".
As a company with concept of Islamic, Islamic Banks are expected to response the economic problems occurred. Since Islamic economic system has been used as an alternative banking system implemented in many countries to manage their finances and to be a solution to get out from the global economic crisis. The aplication of CSR by Islamic Banking is an essential process in the costs and benefits management of business activity both internally (employees, shareholders and investors) and external (institutional, community members, civil society groups and other companies). As a company in volved the concept of Islamic Banking, Bank Muamalat Indonesia is a company playing an important role in realizing the aplication of CSR by Islamic Banking. As curtained in act No. 40 year 2007 on Limited Liabilityon CSR as a commitment by the company to participate in sustainable economic development to improve the quality of people's lifes and act No. 21 year 2008 on Islamic Banking regulating the aplication of the social function of Islamic Banking.


The paper discusses some aspects of gamification technology as an element of educational activities, which is learning through entertainment. The gamification technology is aimed at increasing the cognitive interest of students, attracting their attention


............................................................................................................................ 2 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 3 Materials and Methods ..................................................................................................... 6 Northern (2J3KL) cod.................................................................................................... 6 Southern Grand Bank (3NO) cod .................................................................................. 7 St. Pierre Bank (3Ps) cod............................................................................................... 8 Analyzed data ................................................................................................................ 8 Maturation reaction norms........................................................................................... 10 Survival and age at 50% maturity................................................................................ 13 Results ............................................................................................................................ 13 Survival, growth, and age at 50% maturity ................................................................. 13 Maturation reaction norms........................................................................................... 14 Discussion....................................................................................................................... 16 Acknowledgments .......................................................................................................... 21 References ...................................................................................................................... 23 Tables ............................................................................................................................. 31 Figure captions ............................................................................................................... 34 Figures ............................................................................................................................ 36


In the present study C-Co-Pd nanocomposites were prepared via Infrared annealing mediated method using precursor such as polyacrylonitrile (PAN), CoCl2 • 6H2O and PdCl2. In addition the effect annealing temperatures such as 200, 250, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800 and 900 °C on phase composition and structural characterization was analyzed using X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results reveals that the increase in temperature drastically influenced the phase and size of the C-Co-Pd nanocomposites.


Classical test theory is concerned with the reliability of a test and assumes that the items within the test are sampled at random from a domain of relevant items. Reliability is seen as a characteristic of the test and of the variance of the trait it measures. Items are treated as random replicates of each other and their characteristics, if examined at all, are expressed as correlations with total test score or as factor loadings on the putative latent variable(s) of interest. Characteristics of their properties are not analyzed in detail.) is a theory of how people respond to items and is known as Item Response Theory or IRT. Over the past twenty years there has been explosive growth in programs that can do IRT, and within R there are at least four very powerful packages: eRm to link multiple groups together. More IRT packages are being added all of the time. In the discussion of Coombs' Theory of Data the measurement of attitudes and abilities (2.9) were seen as examples of comparing an object (an item) to a person. The comparison was said to be one of order (for abilities) or of distance (for attitudes). The basic model was that for ability there is a latent value for each person, θ i and a latent difficulty or location 1 δ j for each item. The probability of a particular person getting a specific ability item correct was given in Equation 2.14 and is prob(correct|θ , δ) = f (θ − δ) (8.1) while for an attitude, the probability of item endorsement is prob(endorsement|θ , δ) = f (|θ − δ |) (8.2) and the question becomes what are the functions that best represents the data. 1 The original derivation of IRT was in terms of measuring ability and thus the term item difficulty was used. In more recent work in measuring quality of life or personality traits some prefer the term item location. Although I will sometimes use both terms, most of the following discussion uses difficulty as the term used to describe the location parameter.


This paper analyzes the changes of the agricultural product trade relations between ASEAN and Australia-New Zealand by using the RTA index and OBC index.The result shows the agricultural products of these two regions are different,which determines that the agricultural product trade relations between Australia-New Zealand and ASEAN are complementary.Different climate and agricultural production resource endowments are the reasons of such relations.Complementary trade relations show the agricultural cooperation between ASEAN and Australia-New Zealand has latent force to develop.


We set up an integrated indicator system of rural settlement's consolidation zoning in Changshou District of Chongqing,an representative area in Three Gorges Reservoir Area of China.This integrated indicator system consists of three subsystems: natural environment,society-economy,and land status.The indicators' weights are determined by analytic hierarchy process(AHP).And then,rural settlement in Changshou has been divided into three main consolidation zones according to each town's comprehensive evaluation index.The zones include Ⅰ-level optimized consolidation area,Ⅱ-level emphasized consolidation area,and Ⅲ-level prioritized consolidation area.Combined with different consolidation zones' characteristics,we discuss three intensive land use pattern of rural settlement,including the type of community immigration,the type of urban-rural harmony,and the type of scattered immigration,respectively.Three consolidation zones should take the differential models:(1)Ⅰ-level optimized consolidation area: it should adopt the intensive land use pattern of scattered immigration;(2)Ⅱ-level emphasized consolidation area: it is suited to choose the intensive land use pattern of urban-rural harmony;(3)Ⅲ-level prioritized consolidation area: the intensive land use pattern of community immigration should be selected.According to the intensive land use patterns,we built three rural migrant residential technology demonstration projects in Changshou District,which involved the type of community immigration,the type of urban-rural harmony,and the type of scattered immigration.The demonstration projects improved the level of land saving and intensive use by settlement's consolidation and peasant's unity residence.


This study analyzes the representation systems of three digitized archival collections using the traditional archival representation framework of provenance, order, and content. The results of the study reveal a prominent role of provenance representation, a compromised role of order representation, and an active role of content representation in digital archives. The findings of the study highlight the challenges faced by the archival community to preserve archival context and at the same time expand archival accessibility in the digital environment.


The Raman spectrum of Na[VO 2 Q 2 ] was recorded and assigned by comparison with related species. The excitation profiles of the vibrational modes that show pre-resonance on excitation using laser radiation within the electronic bands are reported and three different types of profiles could be found. The electronic spectrum of the anion was also recorded and interpreted with the aid of a semi-empirical MO calculation. This calculation, together with the results of the pre-resonance experiments, also reinforced some of the vibrational assignments


Measurements of catalytic combustion of lean mixtures of propane/air at atmospheric pressure over platinum/alumina/cordierite catalysts were carried out over a broad range of equivalence ratios and flow velocities. Substrate (honeycomb) temperatures, chemical species at the catalyst were measured. A substantial data base for catalytic oxidation C/sub 3/H/sub 8/ over platinum catalysts was obtained. A two-dimensional model of the gas-phase oxidation of propane was developed. When the experimental wall temperature is used as the boundary condition for the gas-phase reactions; emissions predicted from the model agree well with measured values. From comparison with the experimental data, indications are that propane oxidation takes place via a three-step kinetic mechanism. Also from study of the relative importance of gas-phase vs. surface oxidation, conclusions are that most of the propane is burnt in the gas-phase rather than at the catalytic wall and that the wall kinetics is slower than the gas diffusion transplant.


A study was conducted to determine the effect of melarsenoxyde cysteamine hydrochloride (Cymelarsan®) on the haematological changes in one humped camels (Camelus dromedarius) experimentally infected with a field strain (CT/29) of Trypanosoma evansi. Twenty camels of both sexes aged between 1 to 3 years and weighing between 160 and 400 kg were randomly dived into 6 groups (A – D) of five each. group A was infected with 0.5ml of blood containing x103/μl of T. evansi and treated with Cymelarsan® by day 20 post-infection (p.i.) at the peak of parasitaemia (210.2 ± 1.81). Group B and C were infected and uninfected controls, respectively while group D was uninfected but treated with Cymelarsan®. From day 4 (p.i.) packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell (RBC), haemoglobin concentration (Hb), white blood cell (WBC), absolute lymphocytes, neutrophils and platelets counts decreased significantly (p<0.05) in an inverse relationship with parasitaemia. On the other hand, monocytosis was consistent while reticulocytosis occurred by days 16 and 36 (p.i.). The Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) decreased significantly (p<0.05) from day 24 (pi.). The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) increased significantly (p<0.05) from day 4 (p.i.). These changes were however modulated to their pre-infection values in group A, following treatment with Cymelarsan®.


This master thesis is an application of clustering algorithms and artificial neural networks on human dna data in order to cluster the data in groups depending on wether a person has or hasn't an illness or what type of ilness one has. The thesis shows the results of some experiments conducted using either technique (clustering, ANNs) and a combination of both.


Resistance measurements which are routinely made on superconducting wires and cables for accelerator magnets can provide an accurate measure of the copper-to-superconductor ratio. Compared to the etch and weight technique, a resistance specification for Cu/Sc is preferable for monitoring of this parameter during wire and cable production. Results shown here indicate that by using the 4 K magnetoresistance data of bulk copper and the size effect formula for the resistivity enhancement of copper, the measured residual resistance ratio can be used to estimate the resistance at high fields. >


Abstract : The thesis of this work is that Soviet strategic doctrine, as it was transformed during the Brezhnev regime, has brought about a military posture which provides not only a credible deterrent value, but also an effective defensive value. It attempts to strike a balance between deterrence and actual war performance value without an overreliance on one or the other. The former supports the foreign policy of peaceful coexistence, while the latter, in conjunction with peaceful coexistence, provides for the security of national interests. Soviet strategic doctrine gives the Soviet Union the capability to respond to various levels of threats, while maintaining its self-proclaimed roles as the 'pillar of world peace' and the leader of the world socialist revolutionary movement. It is based on the image and conduct of future war and the threat this poses to Soviet national security; it is not based on the political utility of war, or the initiation of war as an instrument of policy. (Author)


Large-scale ecological investigations of oceanic squids of the genus Sthenoteuthis were carried out in the open waters of tropical zone of all three oceans during 1961-1990. They were focused on S. pteripus in the Atlantic and S. oualaniensis in the Indian and Pacific (mainly eastern Pacific) Oceans. The quantitative distribution of squids is not uniform; the areas of dense concentrations coincide with dynamically active zones of divergences and convergences and hydrological fronts. Planktonic paralarvae live in the epipelagic zone near pycnocline. Juveniles and adult squids are interzonal animals, rising to the surface during the night-time for feeding, and descend to the depths of 200- 1000 m at dawn. The spatial range structure is complicated and consists of several areas with high squid abundance, which are isolated geographically and encompass different ecological parameters of the squid populations. Genetic exchange exists between these areas, thus they represent the superpopulational level of intraspecies structure. Both species, especially S. oualaniensis, are in process of active adaptive radiation. Five intraspecific forms of S. oualaniensis and two forms of S. pteropus were found. Sthenoteuthis spp. are very fast-growing animals: they can reach ML 55-60 cm and BW 8-9 kg at the age of 300 d. They are typical r-strategists with small eggs (0.75-1.0 mm), high fecundity (up to 10-22 million oocytes), monocyclic 1-yr life cycle, fast replacement of generations, quick variations of size structure and high productivity. Paralarvae and early juveniles eat mainly crustaceans while main food items of adults are micronektonic lanternfishes (Myctophidae) and squids. Adult Sthenoteuthis do not play an important role in the feeding of large oceanic top-predators. In the epipelagic ecosystems the main food chain is: crustaceans → nyctoepipelagic myctophids → Sthenoteuthis. A high degree of individual and social behavioral organization is characteristic of Sthenotenthis squids. This is one of the most important prerequisites for their ecological progress. Squid biomass and productivity were preliminarily assessed. These squids are of great interest as important functional elements of oceanic ecosystems and as potential fishery resources.


The research objectives are: (1) to develop an Animation-AR (AAR) Silhouette Model to Create Character Identity Innovation for Computer Art Pre- Production; (2) to evaluate the model; and (3) to study the effect of using the model. The sample group are 7 experts who have taught computer art for more than 5 years. The results of the research were: (1) the model consists of 3 elements: Input Factors, AAR Silhouette Process, and Character Identity Innovation; (2) the result of a satisfaction model based on expert assessment is at the highest level (xˉ = 4.33, S.D. = 0.69); and (3) the results of the trial using the model found that the Character Identity Innovation displays a high level of satisfaction.


Abstract Background Iraq has been exceptionally challenged by the COVID-19 pandemic due to the already exhausted healthcare system. Objectives To describe the epidemiological situation of COVID-19 in Iraq, the government's response to the pandemic, and provide recommendations for further action. Methods A desk review of secondary data using the available reports on the epidemiological situation in Iraq as well as official governmental sources was conducted. Results The major surge in the number of COVID-19 cases occurred in the first week of June and continued to increase dramatically until mid-October when a significant decrease happened. With a few exceptions, the reproductive number R has been consistently above 1. Patients aged 30–39 years (25.6%) were the most affected, while those aged 60–69 years (26.7%) had the highest deaths rates. Iraq tried to contain the pandemic through several regulations: border control, enforcing curfew, mask-wearing, and social distancing, COVID-19 isolation centers, expanding lab capacity, contact tracing, as well as several supportive economic measures. However, the extent of implementing these regulations is questionable. Conclusion Additional administrative and scientific measures with special emphasis on handling mass gathering, coordination with media and better training of healthcare workers particularly on infection prevention and control.


Eleven basmati and one non-basmati rice genotypes were evaluated for fatty acid profiles of fresh, 4, 8 and 12 months old rice, at different storage periods. Results indicated that the total saturated fatty acids increased steadily, while the total unsaturated fatty acids showed a reverse trend. The saturated fatty acids comprised myristic, palmitic and stearic acids, while unsaturated fatty acids constituted oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids. After 12 months of storage myristic, stearic and linolenic became invisible. Palmitic acid content was high as compared to myristic and stearic acids. Except in fresh rice, 'HKR 92-445' recorded maximum content of palmitic acid. Among unsaturated, oleic acid followed by linolenic acid were the major fatty acids and concentrated maximum in 'Haryana Basmati I' and 'PR 106'.


【This paper addressed real-time urine monitoring device for intensive care patients. The device was developed to detect and count each urine drop using optical sensor and calculate the current urine output volume and its hourly rate. In experiment, the water volume scale of drainage bottle was observed and compared with the count of the device so that the volume of each drop was found to vary with the dropping rate per minute. From this measurement, the relationship equation was derived to estimate the total water volume from the drop rate (correlation coefficient : r= 0.99). The developed device could be applied to count patient's urine drop successfully. Therefore, this device can be used to monitor intensive care patient's urine status in real-time.】


A variable response of crop growth, nodulation and VAM colonization to EM (effective microorganisms) application was observed when Vigna radiate (L) Wilczek was grown in farmyard manure (FYM) and Trifolium green manure (GM) amended soils with different histories of EM application. In soil 1 EM application was started six months prior to soil 2. Shoot growth was enhanced due to EM application in GM amended soil 1 but suppressed in soil 2 with either organic amendment. Root biomass was increased by EM application in FYM but reduced in GM amended soils, EM reduced pod dry biomass in soil 1 but enhanced in FYM amended soli 2. Irrespective of the soil type and organic amendment, nodulation was enhanced by EM application at vegetative growth stage. VAM colonization showed a positive response to EM application in both the soils. The response of crop growth was independent of the response of nodulation and VAM colonization to EM.


Introduction: One of the most common causes of Acute Kidney Injury is nephrotoxin administration. Platinum compounds like cisplatin are very effective as chemotherapeutic agents but the risk of nephrotoxicity frequently hinders the use of its higher dose to maximise its antineoplastic effects. The lack of early biomarkers of AKI has impaired our ability to initiate the preventive interventions in the nephrotoxicity caused by these agents in a timely manner. This study was designed to evaluate the variation of urinary renal tubular cell specific enzyme α-Glutathione-s-transferase(α-GST) in cancer patients treated with cisplatin chemotherapy. The urinary levels of α-GST, studied in a timely manner may help in identifying patients who may benefit from early interventions. Methodology: This is a prospective observational cohort study in patients with head and neck malignancies qualified for three weekly chemosensitiser with cisplatin( dose 100mg/m2). Venous blood samples were collected from all the patients, (after obtaining Institutional ethical clearance) before the adminsitration of cisplatin (baseline), and at 12 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours and 20days after cisplatin infusion and a random urine sample was collected before and at 2 hrs , 6 hrs, 12 hrs, 24hrs and 48hrs after cisplatin administration. Serum creatinine was estimated by Jaffe's method using commercial reagent kit. and α –GST was estimated in all the urine samples by colorimetric kinetic assay using NBD-Cl. Results: There was a 20.5% incidence of acute kidney injury after cisplatin administration as suggested by a significant rise in the serum creatinine levels within the first 48 hours. The mean urinary α-Glutathione S Transferase levels at different time intervals show a clear temporal rise, especially after 2 hours after cisplatin administration, and at a slower rate thereafter. Discussion: We observed that, in AKI group, there was a substantial rise in the enzyme values following cisplatin administration. The peak rise was seen around 6 hrs after cisplatin infusion, which was followed by a steady fall. Whereas the significant increase in serum creatinine was observed only after 48hrs. Hence an earlier detection of rise in enzyme levels could help in prompt intervention and prevention of further renal damage.


Abstract A liquid chromatographic method for the determination of sub-mg/mL levels of zinc(II) and iron(III) in human serum has been studied by use of a post-column derivatization with 4-(2-pyridylazo)-resorcinol (PAR) as a chelating agent. Human serum samples are pretreated with hydrochloric acid and trichloroacetic acid for deproteination, and then sodium acetate solution is added for adjusting the pH of the aqueous sample to 3.5. The sample is injected onto a 10 mm bonded phase, strong-acid ion exchange column, and eluted with 0.340 mol/L tartrate buffer (pH 3.75) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The eluate is mixed with 10−4 mol/L PAR solution as the post-column reactant at the same flow-rate of the elution of the metal ions at 30°C, and the absorbance of the mixed solution is monitored at 515 nm (Zn) and 715 nm (Fe). The human serum samples can be analyzed with good precision by the proposed method.


Coffee had for a long time been Kenya's leading foreign exchange earner. In 1986 it accounted for 40% of total foreign exchange earnings but this was to be the highest earnings ever since after that coffee contribution dropped continuously to stand at only 3% in 2010. This was caused by a fall in coffee production from a peak of 128,700 m. tons in 1987/1988 crop year to an average of 49,088 m. tons in the last ten years with year 2010 recording a low production volume of 42,000 m. tons. Since early 1990s, the government liberalized the coffee sector believing that this would promote increased production and increase foreign exchange and farmers' earnings. More than twenty years since liberalization began, coffee production has declined and remained depressed and this phenomenon forms the research problem in which we ask: Is this drop in coffee production as a result of liberalization? The purpose of this study was therefore to find out the effects of liberalization on production of coffee in Kenya. The main objectives of the study were to find out how, removal of government controls, take-over of societies' management by farmers' committees and the removal of monopolies in the processing and marketing affected coffee production in Kenya. The study conducted a detailed case study on the effect of liberalization on coffee production in New Weithaga Farmers' Co-operative Union which was the main source of primary data. A sample of 12 was purposively drawn from a population of 18 management staff while a sample of 38 active farmers were selected through stratified random sampling out of an active Union membership of approximately two thousand farmers. The research findings were that Liberalization of the coffee sector resulted in decreased production of coffee. The reasons cited for the decline in coffee production included:-  the mismanagement of co-operative societies; declining farmers' earnings; decline in application of inputs; poor farming practices; and farmers' loss of confidence in management of coffee affairs. Keywords: Co-operative; Deregulation; Liberalization and Market Liberalization.


It is provided a capacitive type proximity sensor, comprising a sensing electrode, whereas the sensing electrode has a Sur face with electroconductive areas 113 and not-electroconduc tive areas 117, whereas the sensor is adapted for measuring an electrical field 110, 112 between the sensing electrode and an object 109,111. Further it is described an apparatus for medi cal X-ray diagnosis and/or X-ray therapy and/or nuclear diag nosis/therapy, e.g. SPECT, a system for medical X-ray diag nosis and/or X-ray therapy and/or nuclear diagnosis/therapy, e.g. SPECT, a method for avoiding collision between an apparatus for medical X-ray diagnosis and/or X-ray therapy and/or nuclear diagnosis/therapy, e.g. SPECT, and an object, a programme element and a computer readable medium. It is disclosed a capacitance type proximity sensor whose sensi tivity of approaching objects has an improved independence from the special geometry of the sensor itself.


With China becoming a member of WTO, the staff engaged in Finance are required to be armed with comprehensive knowledge of finance and rich experience. International communication is the basic skill to be mastered by students majoring in international finance. The market demands enable us to improve the communication teaching. Therefore, we should make transformation of education in training goal, curriculum system, teaching contents and teaching methods.


This paper offers a critical insight into the present moment of Croatian literary and cultural theory by combining an overview of the main actors and interests with a problem-specific approach to the underlying tension or quarrel that is defining and shaping the field of Theory in the Croatian context. The paper depicts a cross-generational debate on the fictionality and reification of/by Theory. Deconstructive operations and the broad historicizing of Theory itself are used along with the specificities of the Eastern gaze: "othering," interstitiality and the traces of previous conjunctures that strongly influence the Croatian theoretical scene.


Purpose – This paper examined employee perceptions of the rewards associated with their participation in a six sigma program. Six sigma is an approach to organizational change that incorporates elements of total quality management, business process reengineering, and employee involvement.Design/methodology/approach – A survey was completed by 215 employees (34 percent response rate). Respondents rated the extent to which they felt their participation in six sigma was "instrumental" for a range of outcomes, as well as valence (desirability) of each outcome (based on the VIE concept of instrumentality). The outcomes were classified into four categories: extrinsic, intrinsic, social, and organizational.Findings – Valence ratings revealed that all 12 outcomes were perceived as desirable. Instrumentality ratings showed that extrinsic outcomes were rated significantly lower than intrinsic, social, and organizational outcomes. Additional analyses revealed significant differences on all four outcome categories be...


Our thanks are due to Lieut.-Col. A. R. Bond for permission to visit Great Wood, Cdr. R. H. C. F. Frampton for permission to visit Oakers Wood, Miss H. Brotherton for arranging the visit to the Portland bird observatory, and Mr. M. V. Brian and members of the Nature Conservancy for providing facilities at Furzebrook Research Station. Finally it is a pleasure to record our thanks to Mr. P. W. James for checking the identification of species collected, and to the more expert members of the Society who constantly help less knowledgeable members in the field.


Early diagnosis of bladder cancer,improve the prognosis of patients has been the urologists thought.In recent years the rapid development of molecular cytogenetics,FISH(Fluorescence in situ Hybridization Technique) technology has been widely used in clinical and research testing.In bladder cancer with fast,non-invasive,high specificity and sensitivity and aroused great interest in researchers.Now studies have shown that bladder cancer recurrence and the chromosomal aberrations and changes in the corresponding gene are determined by the molecular events priming.This article reviewed research in this area.


Between 5 and 6 m. y. ago, at the climax of an episode of evaporite deposition, a series of events occurred on the floor of the Mediterranean Sea which left a fossil imprint reminiscent of a parched salina. The primary evidence of this unexpected happening was unearthed in the uppermost layers of a bedded sequence of evaporite salts of late Miocene age which were retrieved from beneath the present sea floor during Leg 13 of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. In continuous sections of core the shipboard scientific team discovered a remarkable transition from sterile chemical precipitates (gypsum, anhydrite, and halite) to deep-sea pelagic sediment. At all the sites drilled, the transition occurred between Miocene salts and Pliocene biogenic ooze. In the eastern Mediterranean, the transition consisted of a 10-cm thick zone of dolomite gravel containing littoral benthonic fauna. Beneath the Balearic abyssal plain in the western Mediterranean, the corresponding zone is a 2-m thick bed of flat-pebble conglomerate directly overlying a massive unit of current-bedded gypsiferous sandstone. In the central Tyrrhenian basin the transition involved a pebbly breccia composed of lateritic soils, strikingly similar in lithology to the limons rouges of littoral sequences in North Africa and Italy. The most plausible explanation of these findings is that a once actively precipitating deep brine basin became choked off from the open ocean and evaporation continued to the point of desiccation. Thereafter, the newly formed desert disappeared under a major marine inundation. End_of_Article - Last_Page 362------------


Abstract : This research supports The Army Family Action Plans (1984-1989) by providing new information on family adaptation to military leaders and policymakers and generating hypotheses to be evaluated in the Army Family Research Program (AFRP). Findings were summarized for the different AFRP investigations, which have included research and literature reviews, model development, primary and secondary analysis of available data sets, consultations, and field interviews. Indicators of family adaptation are found to vary by individual, family, work, and community characteristics such as informal support networks, military support services, and military leadership support. (CP)


Abstr act Multiplication is the basic building block for several DSP processors, Image processing and many other. Over the years the computational complexit ies of algorith ms used in Digital Signal Processors (DSPs) have gradually increased. This requires a parallel array mu ltiplier to achieve high execution speed or to meet the performance demands. A typical imp lementation of such an array mu ltiplier is Braun design. Braun mult iplier is a type of parallel array mult iplier. The architecture of Braun mu ltip lier mainly consists of some Carry Save Adders, array of AND gates and one Ripple Carry Adder. In this research wo rk, a new design of Braun Multiplier is proposed and this proposed design of mult iplier uses a very fast parallel p refix adder (Brent kung Adder) in place of Ripple Carry Adder. The architecture of standard Braun Multiplier is modified in this work for reducing the area and delay due to Ripple Carry Adder and performing faster mu ltiplication of two binary numbers. The design is imp lemented using Microwind1, dig ital schemat ics (DSCH)


A double starlike tree is a subdivision of a double star where the edge joining the central vertices is not subdivided. It was conjectured and subsequently proved by Kobeissi and Mollard [M. Kobeissi and M. Mollard, Spanning graphs of hypercubes: Starlike and double starlike trees, Discrete Math. 244 (2002), pp. 231–239; M. Kobeissi and M. Mollard, Disjoint cycles and spanning graphs of hypercubes, Discrete Math. 288 (2004), pp. 73–87]. that every equipartite double starlike tree on 2 n vertices with maximum degree at most n spans the hypercube of dimension n. In this note, we present an alternative and simple proof of this theorem using our results proved recently in Choudum et al. [S.A. Choudum, S. Lavanya and V. Sunitha, Disjoint paths in hypercubes with prescribed origins and lengths, Int. J. Comput. Math. 87 (2010), pp. 1692–1708].


This paper explores the drivers of the rapid gentrification occurring in the Inner West of Melbourne (Australia) and its consequences for low-income households. We argue that gentrification is driven primarily by the intersection of financial market dynamics, regulatory structures at different levels of government and Melbourne's urban accumulation strategy since the 1990s. We present quantitative and qualitative evidence to show that in Melbourne's Inner West that gentrification is exacerbating the housing affordability crisis and excluding lowincome households from the area. Our findings confirm many of Newman and Wyly's (2006) observations regarding the hidden costs of gentrification. They also raise concerns about the use of mobility and displacement rates in recent quantitative studies of gentrification-induced displacement. We conclude that the financial and immigration processes driving gentrification in Melbourne's Inner West may become increasingly important for sustaining consumption levels in other 'creative' and 'liveable' 2nd tier world cities in the coming decades.


Thirty-two Specimens of virtually pure pyrrhotite were annealed at temperatures up to 600°C for periods ranging from 10minutes to several days in argon atmosphere. Magnetic properties of these specimens were determined with a magnetic balance or a ballistic magnetometer both before, during and/or after annealing. The results show that both the magnetization at 20°C in fields up to 2550 oe and the occurrence of the γ transition depends on the thermal history of the specimen. The data obtained during and after annealing strongly support the concept of variations in the degree of sublattice component order affecting the magnetic susceptibility. The degree of order seems to be high after annealing at 400°C, and it seems to be drastically reduced during annealing at 600°C. An application of the dependence of magnetic properties on the thermal history of pyrrhotite to problems in ore genesis is not yet apparent.


Appointment scheduling has been considered widely in healthcare management. Multi-source of variability makes it challenging to determine the optimal appointment schedules. It is assumed that the probability that a patient behaves not show up is nondecreasing with respect to the system's backlog. An optimal schedule of appointment under queuing system with state dependent no-show rate is considered. Furthermore, we compare the impact of this kind of no-show behavior on the optimal schedule. We conclude that although the expected waiting time for each patient under state dependent no-show scenario is not much higher than the scenario when all patients show up, the state dependent no-show behavior will significant increases the overall cost.


Sports and art are special educational courses which can develop students' physical fitness,improve their awareness of physical exercise,aesthetic ability,cultural accomplishments,and elegant temperament,and enhance their physical and mental health.There are some shortcomings in sports art teaching.First,sports art items lack diversity.Second,the teaching contents are uninteresting and outmoded.Third,the teaching effects on students' physique,pliancy and coordination are very good,but the students' self-confidence,creativity,and elegance temperament are not well developed.Fourth,there is a lack of well qualified teachers.Fifth,there is no rich sports art cultural atmosphere.Sixth,the court/field and facilities are imperfect.By analysing these problems,a number of improvement measures are recommended: to enrich and improve the facilities and equipments,improve the teaching force and better the teachers' professional skills,cultivate rich sports art cultural atmosphere,and construct scientific and reasonable sports art curriculum system.


Heart disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the modern society. Almost 60% of the world population fall victim to the heart disease. Although significant progress has been made in the diagnosis and treatment of coronary heart disease, further investigation is still needed. Data mining, as a solution to extract hidden pattern from the clinical dataset are applied to a database in this research. The database consists of 209 instances and 8 attributes. The system was implemented in WEKA and MATLAB software and prediction accuracy within Apriori algorithm in 3 steps, are compared. MATLAB is introduced as better performance software. Keywords— Data mining, Apriori, MATLAB, WEKA.


Tumor‐immune crosstalk within the tumor microenvironment (TME) occurs at all stages of tumorigenesis. Tumor‐associated M2 macrophages play a central role in tumor development, but the molecular underpinnings have not been fully elucidated. We demonstrated that M2 macrophages produce interleukin 1β (IL‐1β), which activates phosphorylation of the glycolytic enzyme glycerol‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD2) at threonine 10 (GPD2 pT10) through phosphatidylinositol‐3‐kinase‐mediated activation of protein kinase‐delta (PKCδ) in glioma cells. GPD2 pT10 enhanced its substrate affinity and increased the catalytic rate of glycolysis in glioma cells. Inhibiting PKCδ or GPD2 pT10 in glioma cells or blocking IL‐1β generated by macrophages attenuated the glycolytic rate and proliferation of glioma cells. Furthermore, human glioblastoma tumor GPD2 pT10 levels were positively correlated with tumor p‐PKCδ and IL‐1β levels as well as intratumoral macrophage recruitment, tumor grade and human glioblastoma patient survival. These results reveal a novel tumorigenic role for M2 macrophages in the TME. In addition, these findings suggest possible treatment strategies for glioma patients through blockade of cytokine crosstalk between M2 macrophages and glioma cells.


This article contributes to development research, as well as research studying inequality in agricultural systems. We use empirical data from an ethnographic study in the village of Mamba, in northern Tanzania (2006–2009). This study analyzes the question of changing gender relations and the patriarchal constraints to collective action under market liberalization of cash crops. Our findings demonstrate that the shift to a market economy has influenced the nature of production relations, deepening inequalities in gender relations and the position of women. However, some women circumvent their disadvantaged situations through their association with various types of collective action groups or networks. In order to investigate the different impacts on women's lives, we analyze women's interest and motivations for these collective actions. We also identify the processes of adaptation to the new production relations through the coffee trade network and tomato cultivation groups, two local initiatives. We analyze the differences between these two forms of collective action and theorize on their different impacts on women's empowerment.


In this paper product block technique is modified to solve nonlinear Volterra integral equations of the second kind when the kernel contains mild singularity. The product block by block method is modified by using two suggestions. Firstly we use Bool's quadrature rule which has high order of convergence. Secondly the Bool's block is adapted to use on graded nodes. To illustrate the effectiveness of the developed method a number of numerical examples are presented and a comparison with Simpson's product block by block is made.


Following privatisation, and more especially flotation, the Regional Electricity Companies have been subjected to a new set of influences. The author briefly discusses some of these influences, their effects on the electricity supply industry, and how the industry has changed as a consequence. The author discusses customer expectations and service standards, financial restrictions, and how the distribution business is changing.


Encounters with HIV can tell us much about how we as individuals communicate about and view our bodies and most intimate selves—how we view and approach truth, lies, sex, and trust. Better ways of handling issues of disclosure in conjunction with changed sexual practices can be crucial to thwarting the HIV pandemic. We interviewed in depth 59 HIV-infected and 18 uninfected gay, bisexual, and heterosexual men and women. Five strategies emerged for dealing with disclosure and safer sex. Clinicians and policymakers need to be as aware and sensitive as possible to the perspectives of men and women grappling with these issues.


PURPOSE: A method and apparatus for displaying menu are provided to enable a user to conveniently select and watch a multimedia content. CONSTITUTION: A method for displaying menu comprises steps of creating a location selection menu in order to select the location of a currently selected content and a content selection menu using information about one or more contents(210) and displaying the created content selection menu and the location selection menu at a single menu screen(220).


We show that 4-universal hashing can be implemented efficiently using tabulated 4-universal hashing for characters, gaining a factor of 5 in speed over the fastest existing methods. We also consider generalization to k-universal hashing, and as a prime application, we consider the approximation of the second moment of a data stream.


Last year, we reprinted a 1964 paper by the noted Cambridge anthropologist Edmund Leach, followed by a 1976 critique by John Halverson (Anthrozoos 2[3]:151–74). While Leach's original paper was complex and full of nuances that do not lend themselves to easy summary, he was concerned with taboo, with animal categories and verbal obscenities, with the relationship of edibility and the social value of animals, and other such ideas. Relevant to human-animal interactions is the idea that certain animals (e.g., pets) occupy liminal space between the classifications of human and not human and that we, as humans, have trouble dealing with creatures or things that occupy such ambiguous classifications. As a result, peculiar tensions surround our dealings with animals that are domesticated and/or share our homes, which explain the inconsistent ways in which humans deal with such animals.John Halverson's critique took Leach to task for using the term taboo in a multitude of ways and for making connections between an...


The presentation deals with environmental aspects of energy management from the perspective of the industrial consumer, and focuses on the commercial considerations that need to be taken into account in determining policies and selecting instruments to give effect to those policies. Acid rain is discussed only briefly since the main sources of pollution are power station flue gases and vehicle exhaust gases. Global warming is treated more extensively, beginning with a consideration of policy options. A review of the approaches available to reduce carbon dioxide emissions leads on to consideration of the opportunities for energy conservation in different sectors of the economy. The presentation ends with an assessment of the policy instruments available.


We consider counterparty risk for interest rate payoffs in presence of correlation between the default event and interest rates. The previous analysis of Brigo and Masetti (2006), assuming independence, is further extended to interest rate payoffs different from simple swap portfolios. A stochastic intensity model with possible jumps is adopted for the default event. We find that correlation between interest-rates and default has a relevant impact on the positive adjustment to be subtracted from the default free price to take into account counterparty risk. We analyze the pattern of such impacts as product characteristics and tenor structures change through some fundamental numerical examples. We find the counterparty risk adjustment to decrease with the correlation for receiver payoffs, while the analogous adjustment for payer payoffs increases. The impact of correlation decreases when the default probability increases. Finally, our analysis applies naturally also to Contingent Credit Default Swaps.


The utility model discloses a device for displaying receiving and transmitting data traffic of an Ethernet port based on a dot-matrix liquid crystal display screen, relates to an Ethernet device, and solves the problem that, currently, an Ethernet distribution device cannot detect the data traffic of each Ethernet port in real time and cannot timely display the detection result. The dot-matrix liquid crystal display screen is mounted on a front panel of a distribution frame main body, a controller is mounted on a rear panel of the distribution frame main body, the data traffic output end of each Ethernet port is connected with the data traffic acquisition end of a control part, and the data traffic output end of the control part is connected with the data traffic input end of the dot-matrix liquid crystal display screen. The device for displaying receiving and transmitting data traffic of the Ethernet port based on the dot-matrix liquid crystal display screen can be widely used for monitoring the traffic data of the Ethernet port in real time.


This paper is devoted to find out cylindrically symmetric kinematic self-similar perfect fluid and dust solutions. We study the cylindrically symmetric solutions which admit kinematic self-similar vectors of second, zeroth and infinite kinds, not only for the tilted fluid case but also for the parallel and orthogonal cases. It is found that the parallel case gives contradiction both in the perfect fluid and dust cases. The orthogonal perfect fluid case yields a vacuum solution while the orthogonal dust case gives contradiction. It is worth mentioning that the tilted case provides solution both for the perfect as well as dust cases.


(1987) Sonographic detection of increased perfusion in placental insufficiency following TNS thcraphy using pulsed Doppler ultrasound. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 47,594-596. Meizner I., Katz M., Holcbcrg G. & Insler V. (1989) Rcduction or cessation of fetal movements after steroid administration for enhancement of lung maturation. 11: Analysis of blood flow velocimctry. Isr J Med Sci 25,556-559. Meschia G . (1974) Effect of estrogens on uterine blood flow. In Perinatal Pharmacology: Problems and Priorities (Dancis J. & Hwang J. C., cds) Raven Press, New York, pp. 109-112. Van den Wijngaard J. A., Van Eyck J. & Wladimiroff J. W. (1988) The rclationship between fetal heart rate and Doppler blood flow velocity waveforms. Ultrasound Med Biol14,593-597.


The insular cortex has been identified as a promising target in brain-based therapies for Tobacco Use Disorder, and has three major sub-regions (ventral anterior, dorsal anterior, and posterior) that serve distinct functional networks. How these subregions and associated networks contribute to nicotine dependence has not been well understood, and therefore was the subject of this study. Forty-seven individuals (24 women; 18-45 years old) who smoked cigarettes daily rated their dependence using the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND), abstained from smoking overnight (~12 h), and underwent resting-state functional MRI. Correlations between dependence and resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) of the major insular sub-regions were evaluated using whole-brain-corrected voxel-wise analyses and post-hoc region-of-interest (ROI) analyses. Dependence was analyzed both as a unitary (FTND total score) and bivariate construct – two FTND factors ("morning smoking" and "daytime smoking"). Dependence was negatively correlated with connectivity of both the right dorsal and left ventral anterior insula with the left precuneus, and with connectivity of the left posterior insula to the left putamen. In post-hoc analyses, dependence correlated negatively with connectivity between all anterior insula subregions and the left precuneus, and with bilateral posterior insula connectivity with the left posterior putamen. The latter finding was driven by "daytime smoking". These results suggest an anterior-posterior distinction in functional insular networks associated with different dimensions of nicotine dependence, with greater dependence linked to weaker connectivity. They may inform therapeutic approaches involving brain stimulation that may elicit differential clinical outcomes depending on the insular subnetwork targeted.


In this paper the relationship between ozone and atmospheric variability is explored over the southern hemisphere during the austral winter season, with special emphasis on synoptic transient fluctuations.


【Task】 A Apparatus and method for removing particulate contaminants from the solid surface comprises providing a layer of viscoelastic material on the solid surface. Viscoelastic material is applied as a thin film, exhibits a substantially liquid like properties. Viscoelastic material at least partially binds to particulate contamination. Fast liquid, viscoelastic material is applied to the viscoelastic material as shown a solid behavior. Thus, the viscoelastic material is removed from the solid surface with particulate contamination, thereby a state there is no particulate contamination on the solid surface. .FIELD 5


Ethernet is the most commonly used LAN technology and popularly used since few decades due to its low cost and high speed. The use of Ethernet based communication networks in aerospace application is increasing with the present technology. Data traffic between the end systems are critical in avionics systems. It is important to monitor network traffic to understand the flow of data between the systems without disturbing the communication. The conventional software based network monitoring systems lags the feature for capturing live data between Ethernet nodes. This paper describes the design of FPGA based live tap to monitor the traffic between the two end systems. This technique shall be used where the Ethernet bus traffic monitor is prominent. The timing analysis of Ethernet packets is critical in the avionics application to characterize frame transmission and reception. The paper describes the technique for monitoring the packets in both the directions at 10/100Mbps along with the communication to the host for visualization. The IP core for the proposed approach has been developed using the Xilinx tool and is implemented on Xilinx SP605 evaluation board, which is connected to a monitoring systems for visualization at 1Gbps.


A pical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a unique form of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), in which the hypertrophy of myocardium predominantly involves the apex of the left ventricle. The ECG in apical HCM typically shows repolarization changes in the anterolateral leads and some-times giant negative T waves. Previous reports have shown that apical HCM may mimic myocardial infarction, although its underlying mechanism is unclear. This case report dem-onstrates typical echocardiographic and MRI features of apical HCM, but with unusual electrocardiographic features characterized by chronic ST-segment elevation in the precordial leads. Contrast-enhanced MRI showed unusual extensive subepicardial delayed hyperenhancement at the left ventricular apex, suggesting that subepicardial fibrosis may be a possible cause for this unusual ECG abnormality in patients with apical HCM. Because this condition can be misdiagnosed as acute infarction, resulting in unwarranted thrombolytic therapy or emergency angiography, we believe this case is important as a reminder that acute infarction is not the only cause of ST-segment elevation.


This paper investigates how the differences and similarities between Malay and English play important roles in the translation of materials in two different genres: Recount and Information Report. The characteristics discussed include not only issues at sentence and word levels, but also the morphemes that make up the two languages. The paper also explores the strategies taken by the translators and possible explanations behind each one. Introduction It is the translator's responsibility to keep the message in the target language as close as possible to the original in the source language. Hatim (1997, p. 1) notes that translation is the act of communication which attempts to relay, across cultural and linguistic boundaries, another act of communication (which may have been intended for different purposes and different readers/hearers). The 'different purposes' mentioned by Hatim can be interpreted as referring to genres, which can be defined as a types of language utilized by the language user in specific contexts (Baker, 1992, p. 15). Translation can be especially difficult when one considers different text genres. According to Butt et al. (2001, p. 9) there are seven text types: Recount, Narrative, Procedure, Information Report, Explanation, Exposition and Discussion. The current study focuses on Recount and Information Report. Malay and English When one compares Malay and English texts, the former appear to have longer sentences. However, this assumption needs to be checked, and this is one of the main aims of this research. The research focuses on the following questions: 1) Are texts in Malay 'wordier' than English equivalents? If so, what factors that can be found to explain the differences in lengths between the two? 2) What are the patterns seen in the translation of texts across different registers between English and Malay equivalences? 3) What are the strategies used by the translators in overcoming the differences between English and Malay in order to produce acceptable translations? Problems in translation Numerous issues can be identified in translating a text from one language to another. Two of them are: non-equivalence; and differences in the construction of sentences. The latter is concerned with the discourse of the two languages. 28 Nurkhalisah @ Naemah Mustapa Baker (2011, pp. 18–23) says that non-equivalence at word level is one of the many difficulties translators face when dealing with texts. Some of the reasons for such nonequivalence are:  culture-specific concepts: a concept in the source language may not exist in the target language  a concept is not lexicalized: the concept may be understood in the culture of the target language, but there may be no word to express it  the source language may have more specific terms (hyponyms) term while the target language only has more a general term (superordinate) Translators select different strategies in tackling non-equivalence. Baker (2011, pp. 24– 43) lists a number of strategies that may be adopted, including:  cultural substitution  use of a superordinate in place of a hyponym  use of words borrowed from the source language  paraphrase using unrelated words  omission Data Two different kinds of text were collected for analysis: Recount and Information Report. Details of each follow. Throughout this article, Malay words are italicised while English words are placed in quotes. Recount There are two English language newspapers in Brunei: Borneo Bulletin and Brunei Times. There are also two Malay newspapers: Media Permata and Pelita Brunei. The latter is published by the government's Information Department, but it does not report on daily stories happening in Brunei or other international news, so this study selects texts from Media Permata. Borneo Bulletin and Media Permata are published by the same company, which suggests they may offer suitable data for analysis in this research, as it is often possible to find similar articles in both newspapers: an English article appears in Borneo Bulletin, while a Malay equivalent can be found in Media Permata. For the Recount texts, five news articles in English from Borneo Bulletin and five equivalent articles from Media Permata were selected:  BNS : about the Brunei Nature Society releasing a pangolin into the wild; dated 5 February 2013  UNISSA : about a visit by a delegation from Malaysia to UNISSA, the religious college in Brunei; dated 28 February 2013  Congratulations : about a message of congratulations to the Prime Minister of Korea; dated 28 February 2013  Father : about a father sentenced to 17 years jail for raping his daughter; dated 1 March 2013  Celebration : about the Sultan celebrating Chinese New Year; dated 1 March 2013 Issues in Translation 29 In all cases, a different reporter is shown for the English and Malay articles, so it is not clear if any translation has taken place. Furthermore, if there has been translation, we cannot be certain about which direction it was in. In fact, it seems likely that in some cases, the two articles were written separately. In these cases, the analysis here might be regarded as comparing the structure of English and Malay in reporting the same events rather than strategies involved in translating from one language to another. Information Report For the Information Report, five articles in English and the Malay equivalents in Muhibah magazine were chosen. This magazine is published as a monthly by Royal Brunei Airlines. In each edition, it has a Best of Brunei feature article in both English and Malay. It is assumed that English is the source language, as all the other articles in the magazine are in English and only this article is presented in Malay as well, but we cannot be sure about this. Unfortunately, the translator of the articles is not mentioned. The five articles are:  Art : about art to celebrate the Sultan's birthday; July/August 2011  Monarch : introducing the Sultan; July/August 2012  Images : about an art exhibition in the Brunei Art Gallery; November/December 2012  Impact : about Earth Hour; March/April 2012  Brunei's Best : about the attractions offered to visitors in Brunei; January/February 2013 Quantitative analysis For the quantitative analysis, the length of sentences in terms of words and morphemes is investigated, to determine if Malay really does have longer sentences than English Recount The analysis of sentence length in terms of words and morphemes for the five English articles from Borneo Bulletin and their Malay equivalents from Media Permata is shown in Table 1. Words Morphemes English Malay English Malay BNS 17.5 22.6 25.4 36.4 UNISSA 22.7 21.4 38.9 47.2 Congratulations 29.8 23.0 35.3 51.3 Father 23.1 18.8 30.6 33.4 Celebration 26.6 30.8 45.4 76.0 Average 23.9 23.3 35.1 48.9 Table 1 Average length of sentences in the newspaper articles 30 Nurkhalisah @ Naemah Mustapa For UNISSA, Congratulations and Father, the English has more words per sentence. This is largely because of extra function words, including prepositions like 'of' and articles such as 'a' in the English. For example, in the first paragraph of Congratulations, the English has 'to send a message of congratulations' while the Malay equivalent is menghantar titah perutusan taniah. In addition, there are some cases where a phrasal verb in the English is matched by a single word in the Malay, so also in the Congratulations text, the equivalent of 'looked forward' is berharap. However, the greater number of words in the English is not matched in the other two texts, BNS and Celebration. Overall, it is hard to draw any conclusions about the comparative number of words per sentence from these five articles. In contrast, a clear difference does emerge from the morpheme count: every one of the Malay articles has a larger result for average morphemes per sentence, and overall the difference is significant at the 5% level (t=4.0, df=4, paired-sample, two-tailed, p=0.016). The greatest discrepancy between words per sentence and morphemes per sentence is for the Celebration text, so let us look at this a little further. The number of words per sentence is only a little larger for the Malay article; but the number of morphemes per sentence is much larger. The reason for this is that names are treated as single words, regardless of how long they are, and some names are much longer in the Malay version. For example, one of the people who attended the celebration was 'HRH Prince 'Abdul Malik' (4 morphemes), but this is listed in the Malay article as Yang Teramat Mulia Paduka Seri Duli Pengiran Muda 'Abdul Malik (10 morphemes). One further example of sentence length comparisons can be gained by looking at the English and Malay versions of the first paragraph of the Father text: A 44-YEAR-OLD divorced man with five children including an adopted child was sentenced to jail for 17 years with 12 strokes of the cane by Justice Dato Paduka Steven Chong in the High Court yesterday on six charges of rape, outraging modesty and having unlawful sexual acts with his daughter and niece, both underaged at the time of offences. Seorang duda berusia 44 tahun hari ini dijatuhi hukuman 17 tahun penjara dan 12 sebatan oleh Hakim Mahkamah Tinggi Dato Paduka Steve Chong setelah didapati bersalah terhadap enam tuduhan rogol, cabul kehormatan dan liwat terhadap anak perempuannya sendiri dan anak saudaranya – kedua-duanya masih berusia bawah umur ketika kejadian. The English text is 42 words long, which is a little longer than the 39 words in the Malay text, largely because of the extra information in the first line about the subject's children – the clause 'with five children including an adopted child' is absent from the Malay article. It seems that sentences in the Borneo Bulletin are usually as long as those in Media Permata, though the latter are longer in terms of number of morphemes One possibility, as suggested by Deterding and Salbrina (2013, p. 85), is that Brunei


This article is a part of the research process for choosing an instructional design model within an educational institution of Higher Education in Colombia. It analyzes and reflects on different models of instructional design and before that sustains a definition and historical evolution of the different systems that have evolved the term of instructional design. With all the data and information required and on a basis consistent with the mission and vision of the institution Minute University Corporation of God, response and choice is given to a coherent model.


Breast metastasis from extramammary neoplasm is rare and with poor prognosis. A 25-year-old patient presented with a lump in her right breastthree months after concurrent chemoradiotherapy for an IIc stage rectal adenocarcinoma (T4bN0M0) and during her neoadjuvant chemotherapy with FOLFOX. The investigationsconfirmeda bilateral breast metastasis of rectal adenocarcinoma.


We review the status of the determination of |Vus| from both flavor-breaking finite-energy sum rules based on inclusive non-strange and strange hadronic τ decay data and the recent lattice-based analysis of inclusive strange hadronic τ decay data. In particular, we update the results from these analysis frameworks taking into account recent improvements to a number of strange branching fractions reported by HFLAV at CKM2018 and this meeting. We find that inclusive τ decay data yields results for |Vus| compatible within errors with the expectations of three-family unitarity. Copyright K. Maltman et al. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Published by the SciPost Foundation. Received 14-11-2018 Accepted 09-01-2019 Published 18-02-2019 Check for updates doi:10.21468/SciPostPhysProc.1.006


Because of the process of regional metamorphism and stauctural agent,the metallogenetic body is concentrated by the thermal process of greenschist facies in Panlongshan Fe deposit.Then,the commercial ore body is formed by the weathering leaching concentration in a long term as an accumulation in situ,which belongs to the sedentary-slope materials Fe ore deposit of weathering leaching concentration of sedimentary metamorphic reformation type.


The authors examine clients' involvement in the innovation processes of creativeintensive business services (CIBS), namely advertising services. Previous research has widely documented the contribution of CIBS providers to their clients' innovation. By contrast, little evidence exists on the involvement of clients in agency's innovation processes, despite the important role of clients as service co-producers and source of knowledge. In order to fill this gap, the authors develop a framework for the analysis of agency-client co-innovation by integrating studies on customer involvement, service innovation and relationship marketing. This conceptual contribution is aimed at advancing the understanding and, thereby, the proactive management of clients' involvement in CIBS innovation.


This paper investigates the nonlinear dynamic behavior of the probe tip of an atomic force microscope with a PD (proportional-plus-derivative) feedback control using the differential transformation method (DTM). The dynamic behavior of the probe tip with PD control law is characterized by reference to phase portraits, power spectra, Poincare maps, and maximum Lyapunov exponent plots produced using the timeseries data obtained from differential transformation method. Furthermore, the detailed transitions in the dynamic response of the probe tip are examined using bifurcation diagrams of the tip displacement and the tip velocity, respectively. The results indicate that the probe tip behavior is significantly dependent on the magnitude of the proportional and derivative control gain. Specifically, the probe tip motion includes subharmonic, multi-periodic, and chaotic motion. Numerical results show that the dynamic behavior will leave chaotic motion to periodic motion at Kp= -0.45 in the steady state by changing the control loop gain Kv from -0.1 to -1.0. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the differential transformation method is in good agreement for the considered system.


Various pathogenic factors could be seen in tympanites while the basic of them are qi stagnation,blood stasis and water retention. Tympanites of yin deficiency pattern is a disease accompanied with yin deficiency on the basic of qi,blood and water disorders,which is influenced by four factors: yin deficiency,qi stagnation,blood stasis and water retention. Water retention in the abdomen obstructs qi activities and produces qi stagnation; meanwhile,it disturbs blood circulation and makes blood stasis. Unsmooth qi movements and blood stasis further disturb the distribution of body fluids and aggravate prolonged water retention,which exhausts yin fluids and induces yin deficiency,it is also liable to produce heat and transform into damp-heat,while damp-heat may further aggravate qi stagnation and blood stasis and exhaust more yin fluids,finally,it creates a complicated syndrome with combination of deficiency and excess. In the early stage,hyperactive pathogenic factors dominate and accumulate in the abdomen,such as qi stagnation,blood stasis,water retention and damp-heat,but in the later stage,healthy qi is damaged,both yin fluids and yang qi are deficient,because of mutual damage of yin and yang,the pattern of disease changes to the deficiency of both yin and yang.Tympanites of yin deficiency pattern is more common in the later stage,the main treatment principles should be tonifying yin,moving qi,activating blood and draining water.


In the process of physical exploration of earth resources, artificial stratification time and labor, and with a strong subjectivity, the use of logging curve for automatic stratification, fast and objective, high precision, can facilitate the exploitation of resources and value assessment. In view of the automatic stratification problem of logging curve, This paper first normalizes the data, The main components influencing geological stratification were determined by component analysis, and then through the factor analysis will be the main factors to filter classification, the relationship between the comprehensive index and the main factor is determined by the cumulative contribution rate and the principal variance of the weight analysis. By modeling the given data, get the result of automatic stratification, the results of automatic stratification of each layer model are compared with their manual stratification results, the two data is relatively similar, indicating that the model is more accurate and reasonable.


. Of all the research areas of modern discovery science, few attract more attention than the search for extraterrestrial intelligence. This is partially due to the fact that SETI is accessible, since the public can readily understand the goals of the research. The man in the street also finds SETI particularly exciting, a fact reflected by the ubiquitous presence of extraterrestrials in popular culture. The media interact with SETI in three areas: (1) reporting on research efforts, (2) being the principal conduit of information in case of a SETI detection, and (3) linking the subject deliberately or otherwise to the many stories of alien visita-tion. In this paper we will discuss the way science meets the media, and how and whether this often dicey relationship might serve to raise the general level of science literacy.


In this paper, a new speaker identification system is presented. The system can be divided into two subsystems, one close-set speaker identification system and one speaker verification system. The VQ model is used in the close-set speaker identification system and a new method called NBDGMM (Normalization Based on Difference of GMM) is introduced. Experiments have been done to prove that this speaker identification system is efficient.


The paper compares employment structures in five Continental welfare states. These countries feature broad similarities in their reliance on a more dualised model of labour market flexibility, particularly in service occupations with low skill requirements. However, a closer look also reveals considerable differences between national patterns of standard and non-standard work. In Germany (and to a lesser extent Austria), marginal part-time provides a fertile ground for low-paid service jobs, as non-wage labour costs are minimised. In France, fixed-term contracts are a flexible and also cheaper alternative to permanent contracts, especially for younger workers. Dutch service sector employers follow an eclectic approach, as can be seen from high shares of self-employed and part-timers, as well as temporary workers. Finally, Belgium has large proportions of very low-skilled, own-account self-employed and involuntary fixed-term contracts. On the basis of these results, we identify four transformative pathways towards a more inclusive or flexible labour market: growing wage dispersion, defection from both permanent full-time employment as well as from dependent employment, and government-sponsored labour cost reductions.


Sound production by Nassau grouper Epinephelus striatus is described from differ- ent spawning aggregation sites in the Caribbean. Passive acoustic data and video were recorded in Belize (February 2011) and Puerto Rico (February 2012) revealing 2 distinctive sounds. The first is a pulse train sound thought to be associated with alarm or warning behavior, while the second is a tonal sound associated with reproductive behaviors, including courtship displays. The average peak frequency of the pulse train was 77.4 ± 30.3 Hz, individual pulse duration was 0.09 ± 0.02 s and the number of pulses varied from 6 to 13. For the tonal sound, the average peak frequency was 99.0 ± 33.6 Hz, and sound duration was 1.6 ± 0.3 s, ranging from 0.9 to 2.3 s. Long-term recordings at the Grammanik Bank, US Virgin Islands (February 2011) revealed variability in the daily patterns of tonal sounds during the residence time at the aggregation. Sound production was highest 7 to 8 d after the full moon between 20:00 and 21:00 h Atlantic Standard Time. The Nassau grouper courtship-associated sounds provide an advantageous tool to study the dynamics of spawning aggregations that are critical for the recovery of this Endangered species.


conjugation has taken over the original athematic verbs in -mi as well as the thematic verbs in -6, because denominative verbs, e.g. zahhiya' to fight', etc., belong here. The endings of the 2 Plur. -teni, -ten do not go back to IE *-te but to *-the ; otherwise the Hitt. forms would have been *-zeni, *-zen (cf. Kronasser, p. 170). To derive the Luw. and H.-Hitt. participles in -mfrom the type of Gk. (jxpo/xevos involves a superfluous complication (-mn) -TO-) ; a suffix *-moexists already in IE (Brugmann, Grundr., n, 1, 225 ff.). On the other hand, Hittite has the sequence -mn(lamnaS (gen.) ' time '). The reviewer recognizes the amount of energy that the author has given to his work ; he has read a good deal of Hittite and much about Hittite, and he knows his Brugmann almost by heart. Nevertheless, he seems to have decided complicated problems a little too swiftly. His book has probably been written too soon, considering the fluid state of Anatolian studies at present. We are waiting for a comprehensive Hittite dictionary, and in Hieroglyphic Hittite as well as in Luwian, Lycian, and also Human, important research work is still in progress.


In mice tested for 60 min in photometer‐activity boxes, an increased locomotor activity (+50% to +100%) was observed after administration of cocaine (4 mg/kg i.p.). Such hyperactivity was markedly enhanced by all benzodiazepines studied (flurazepam excepted), at doses which did not modify spontaneous motility: chlordiazepoxide (1 mg/kg), diazepam (1 to 2 mg/kg), clobazam (1 mg/kg), oxazepam (0.25 mg/kg), nitrazepam (0.03 to 0.25 mg/kg), flunitrazepam (0.015 mg/kg), clonazepam (0.004 mg/kg) and lorazepam (0.004 mg/kg). These doses are very low, e.g., 8 to 20 times lower than those required to antagonize the locomotor stimulation caused by cocaine. The increase of cocaine‐induced hypermotility elicited by nitrazepam (0.125 mg/kg i.p.) was reduced or suppressed by impairing gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA)‐ergic transmission with picrotoxin (0.25 mg/kg) or by blocking α or β adrenergic receptors with prazosin (1 mg/kg i.p.) or propranolol (4 mg/kg i.p.), respectively. At these doses neither picrotoxin, prazosin, nor propranolol modified the spontaneous locomotor activity or the hyperactivity induced by cocaine alone. These results suggest that benzodiazepines may exert their facilitatory activity on cocaine‐induced hyperactivity by interfering with some central catecholaminergic processes either directly or through the involvement of a GABA‐ergic link.


Purpose
Organizations will need HR departments that take bold new approaches if they are to weather the uncertainty and changes on the horizon. This paper aims to discuss what makes an organization or a leader BRAVE, and examples of HR professionals and organizations leading the way are provided to help readers bravely shape their own organizations.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper draws upon various real-life examples of organizations whose HR departments are leading the way.

Findings
Organizations need BRAVE HR professionals and leaders to create, implement and communicate key initiatives to ensure companies make decisions that support workplace cultures that people choose to join and remain a part of.

Originality/value
No amount of technology can replace the forward-thinking thought, communication and action that being BRAVE requires. This paper will help HR professionals gain a braver perspective.


BACKGROUND
Ionic dialysance can provide accurate monitoring of dialysis dose during each hemodialysis session. Increasingly, hemodialysis machines incorporate devices that measure ionic dialysance, allowing the dialysis dose to be determined noninvasively in real time and in each session. Because Kt product was proposed as a measure of hemodialysis dose to avoid the reverse J-shaped curve between urea reduction ratio or Kt/V and mortality, we investigated whether ionic dialysance values and Kt measurements are affected by different ionic dialysance monitors (Diascan and online clearance monitoring [OCM]) and dialysis machines.

STUDY DESIGN
Four-period crossover.

SETTING & PARTICIPANTS
31 adult long-term hemodialysis patients using 2 different ionic dialysance monitors in 4 dialysis machines: Diascan in Hospal Integra and Gambro AK-200 machines and OCM in Fresenius 4008S and 5008 machines.

PREDICTORS
Ionic dialysance monitor and machine used in 4 hemodialysis sessions for each participant.

OUTCOMES
Kt and Kt/V measured by using ionic dialysance and serum urea nitrogen.

RESULTS
Mean values for initial and final ionic dialysance were similar for Integra and AK-200 machines, both measured by using Diascan, and for the 4008S and 5008 machines, both measured by using OCM; however, OCM values tended to be greater in the 4008S and 5008 machines. Kt measured in the 4008S and 5008 machines was greater (59.6 +/- 12 and 58.6 +/- 11 L, respectively) than with the Integra and AK-200 machines (53.4 +/- 11 and 53.8 +/- 11 L). Mean urea reduction ratio and Kt/V were 78.0% +/- 8% and 1.89 +/- 0.43 for Diascan monitors and 79.6% +/- 8% and 1.99 +/- 0.44 for OCM monitors, respectively (P < 0.01). Differences between monitors in Kt determination were caused in part by a real difference in dialysis effectiveness (6%) and in part by an intermethod difference (4%). Kt adjusted by Kt/V differences was recalculated, and because of good correlation between Diascan and OCM, we were able to apply a formula (Kt(OCM) = 1.08 Kt(Diascan) - 2; r =0.95) that allowed both Kt quantification methods to be compared.

LIMITATIONS
Nonblinded nonrandomized small sample.

CONCLUSIONS
Kt is a valid method for judging dialysis dose in real time by using ionic dialysance measurements. Adjustments to correct intermethod differences may be necessary to ensure generalizability among ionic dialysance monitors.


A lidar design has been developed at ONERA that uses short square pulses (75 ns) to have a small spatial resolution (22.5 m) and be able to measure small-scale atmospheric wind-field structures. Results show that the system is able to resolve the small-scale structures of vortices and to measure wind field structures of a turbulent wind field down to ~20 m.


Decrease of lung tension increases the sensitivity of the bronchial system to acetylcholine inhalation. A decrease in lung tension was achieved by pneumothorax in dogs and with a thorax bandage in human subjects. The increase of airway resistance to acetylcholine inhalation following the decrease in lung tension was understood as a change of the effectiveness of the bronchial muscles on airway resistance. Acetylcholine works via sensoric receptors through the N. vagi on the bronchial muscles. Blockade of the N. vagi prevented an increase of sensitivity in the bronchial system. Measurements and results of breathingvolume per minute, breathing frequency, and blood gases are also described.


Submitted for the HAW09 Meeting of The American Physical Society A simulation study for a Forward Calorimeter upgrade plan in ALICE at LHC YASUTO HORI, TAKU GUNJI, HIDEKI HAMAGAKI, University of Tokyo, CNS, JAN LAK, RICHARD SETO, EDWRD KISTENEV, MICKEY CHIU, CARLE VALE, ANDREY SUKHANOV — We plan to install a Forward Calorimeter(FoCAL) in η=1 4 region of the ALICE experiment at LHC. A main subject is the search for signatures of small-x parton saturation effects, which is recently discussed from the point of Color Glass Condensate(CGC). It also enables to study long range hadron correlations like "Ridge" found in the AuAu collision at RHIC. The basic measurements are π0 and direct γ spectrums in p+p, p+A, and A+A collisions. Since two γ from a high momentum π0 decays are merged into a same cluster, π0/γ separation at high momentum is a challenging task. The measurement of single electron from heavy quarks and W boson is also possible in p+p,p+A collisions. A SiW Tracking Calorimeter can be the solution to theses requirements. It is a sampling calorimeter which measures a presice lateral and longitudinal shower shape by a set of silicon sensors. A tungsten is a good choice for absorber material because of its short radiation length and excellent ratio of radiation and absorption lengths. A simulation study for possible physics will be presented. And then the conceputual design of FpCal and its performance study by a GEANT simulation and a beamtest of PHENIX Forward Calorimeter protoype will be also presented. Yasuto Hori University of Tokyo, CNS Date submitted: 06 Jul 2009 Electronic form version 1.4


Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the school administrators' experiences in a special education classroom for students with severe and multiple disabilities, and to identify ways to support inclusive education for students with severe and multiple disabilities. Method: A total of 10 elementary and middle school administrators who had a special classroom for students with severe and multiple disabilities participated in semi-structured interviews through purposive sampling. Results: The results presented the school administrators' perception about the inclusive education for students with severe and multiple disabilities, current practices, and requirements to facilitate inclusive education for students with severe and multiple disabilities. Conclusion: Based on these results, suggestions to facilitate inclusive education for students with severe and multiple disabilities were discussed.


During the first third of this century, the Supreme Court invalidated a number of federal statutes for exceeding the powers of Congress and invading the exclusive power of the states. 1 The resulting national frustration led to a confrontation between President Franklin Roosevelt and the Court? Since that time, the Court invariably upheld federal legislation against claims of exclusive state power3 until National League of Cities v. Usery was decided in 1976. While Usery demonstrates that the Court will use state sovereignty to impose limits on congressional power, the propriety of a limit and the principles of the particular limit found in Usery need to be discussed.


Machine learning, as a new method for data mining and problem prediction, has been widely used in various fields of urban studies in recent years, which requires a periodical summary of relevant literature. Start with data types, selection and preprocessing, this paper introduces the characteristics and applicability of various machine learning algorithms, and analyzes the cross-fields, hot spots, frontiers and trends of machine learning and urban studies from 2005 to 2020 by using Citespace. Second, focusing on the application of supervised machine learning algorithms from relevant literature in the past five years, a review is made from four main aspects including urban traffic, urban ecology, physical geography, human geography, and the tentative explorations of unsupervised learning, semi-supervised learning and reinforcement learning method in urban studies are unscrambled as well. Finally, the advantages of machine learning methods are summarized, and it􀆳s proposed that the application potential of various machine learning methods in multiple fields and perspectives of urban research should be explored in the future, and the cutting-edge trend of efficient combination of intelligent technology and methods with urban research should be grasped.


The control of tobacco use and the subsequent decline of tobacco-related diseases are one of the great challenges of preventive medicine. How public health actions can best contribute toward these ends is delineated in an excellent monograph prepared by the National Cancer Institute (2). The monograph is dedicated to the late Joseph Cullen, who is sorely missed both as a distinguished leader in this field and as a friend. The article by Pierce et al. (3) in this issue of the Journal deals with public service announcements as one approach to the prevention and cessation of tobacco smoking. While this type of effort is useful, it ultimately provides an insufficient therapeutic "dose" to have a significant public health impact. This article warrants a discussion of the important role of behavioral sciences in prevention and cessation of smoking. When reporting on the role of cigarette smoking in the etiology of lung cancer in 1950 (4), we would not have believed that, 40 years later, tobacco-related cancers would still be contributing heavily to cancer mortality. Shopland, Eyre, and Pechacek (5) have estimated that, today, smoking directly contributes to 45% of all cancer deaths in men and 21.5% in women. In spite of such knowledge, many health professionals are still not placing sufficient emphasis on health promotion activities in respect to the onset and cessation of smoking. Although cigarette smoking has declined, especially among educated men, smoking is still far too common, particularly among blue collar workers as well as Black American men, among whom some 40% are still smoking cigarettes. For young people of every background, but above all among high school girls and high school dropouts, cigarette smoking rates are unacceptably high. What can we do further to reduce tobacco use in our society?


Eshaghi Gordji and Ghobadipour proved the Hyers–Ulam stability of (α, β, γ)-derivations on Lie C*-algebras associated with the following functional equation Under the conditions in the main theorems, we can show that the related mappings must be zero. In this paper, we correct the conditions and prove the corrected theorems.


A one-dimensional numerical model of a Francis turbine hydropower plant for dynamic response studies is presented with an alternate representation of the turbine unit component. The conventional, simplified representation of the hydraulic turbine is replaced by a consideration of the conservation of angular momentum using inlet and outlet velocity vectors calculated based on effective turbine geometry. Specific energy loss components associated with off-design conditions such as runner blade inlet incidence loss and draft tube residual swirl flow loss are determined. Estimates for mechanical frictional losses and churning losses are calculated to ensure accurate simulation across the entire turbine operating range. The resulting model therefore takes into consideration real sources of major loss, eliminating the use of ambiguous correction factors, while remaining equally simple to implement into current power system models. The new turbine formulation is validated against transient test data from a 119 MW Francis turbine unit, while simulations based on two existing conventional models are included for comparison.


A teenager with swelling in the left maxillary canine region exhibited an atypical combination of three rare sporadic anomalies of teeth. The clinical and radiographic evaluation revealed an unerupted odontoma, an impacted maxillary left deciduous supernumerary canine, an impacted maxillary left permanent canine, and the bilateral absence of mandibular lateral incisors. The findings led to the diagnosis of a non-syndromic case of concomitant hypohyperdontia. Only a small number of cases of hypo-hyperdontia have agenesis of mandibular lateral incisors and odontomas, but none have deciduous supernumerary canines. The authors thus bring a new combination of hypohyperdontia cases. This case report also discusses the treatment options of hypo-hyperdontia and the consequences of delaying treatment.


Objective
To explore the establishment of "four in one" integration training system in the nurses of orthopaedic group in Operating Room and assess its effects.

Methods
A total of 32 nurses in orthopedic group of Operating Room were trained according to the hierarchy management, target monitoring, training implementation, training effect evaluation of "four in one" integration system. Through collecting the doctors′ satisfaction for nursing quality, the nurses′ evaluation for teaching training effects, clinical nurse′s ability assessment, the indicators of nursing risk event rate, the training effects were compared before and after the established system.

Results
After training, the surgeon′s satisfaction for training, different aspects of nurses′ assessment, nurses′ evaluation for training effects were all improved compared before the training (P<0.05). After training, the incidence of nursing risk events decreased (P<0.01).

Conclusions
The construction of "four in one" integrated training system can promote clinical comprehensive practice ability of the orthopaedic group nurses, improve the surgeon′s satisfaction, and reduce the nursing security risks, which is advantageous to nurses′ growth in the orthopedic group, and is worth for universally popularization and application in clinical teaching in Operating Room.

Key words:
Operating Room nurse; Orthopaedic surgery; Four in one integrated training system; System establishment; Nursing safety; Training effect