We read with great interest the article by Muller-Calleja et al 1 in which a novel mechanism of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) was discovered, which might explain well-established anti-inflammatory effects of antimalarials.2–4 HCQ and chloroquine (CQ), both known as antimalarial drugs, have become fundamental therapeutic elements in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in these decades. However, their specific benefits on organ involvement and long-term outcome remain to be elucidated.

To examine the role of antimalarials in different clinical aspects of Chinese patients with SLE, we retrieved the medical records of 1372 patients with SLE who experienced their first hospitalisation at 26 centres across Jiangsu, an eastern province of China, between January 1999 and December 2009 from a longitudinal SLE database collected by the Jiangsu Lupus Collaborative Group.5 Demographics of the enrolled patients are summarised in table 1. All the patients were followed up in 2015 to check for their survival status. Based on Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, the survival …


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In order to understand the role of rights in the development of the Administrative State, it is essential to look at a century of administrative history-rather than limiting one's view to the fifty years since the birth of the New Deal. Taking the past century as my time-frame, I want to survey briefly three epochs: the Populist-Progressive era,1 the New Deal, and the Public Interest era.2 After identifying the major concerns expressed in the political debate over regulatory reform in each period, I will try to forge a link between regulatory politics and the central preoccupations of the judiciary. In doing so, I hope to shed some light on the importance that courts-particularly, the Supreme Court-attached to the conception of rights as the Administrative State evolved. In my view, two principal themes are evident in judicial treatment of regulatory issues during the past century: Courts have been preoccupied with assessing legitimacy and controlling discretion.3 Each of these themes has, as one of its concerns, a connection with conventional notions of rights. Just as the themes are distinct, however, so are the correlative rights conceptions. The legitimacy theme-that is, judicial efforts to define the appropriate ambit of agency power-was elaborated against the backdrop of a substantive conception of "rights" expressed in a private order-


A method is presented for casting the problem of regional hazardous waste management into the form of a transportation "routing" optimization. The required network is formed from waste generation sources, waste treatment processes, and waste disposal sinks. Sources are allowed to generate multiple waste types selected from any convenient waste classification scheme. Wastes may be routed to any compatible treatment or disposal process. All wastes (including treatment process underflows) continue to move through the network until they are completely detoxified, or reach an ultimate disposal sink. Optimum solutions may be achieved based on either cost or risk penalties for all network activities using EPA's Waste Resource Allocation Program (WRAP). Example simulations are presented to illustrate the utility of optimum cost and risk simulations for hazardous waste disposal planning. It is demonstrated that one can identify the strengths or weaknesses of proposed management plans, or test the value of improvem...


This paper attempts to look from a new perspective on concepts and phenomena related to voltage collapse in power systems, as well as to investigate collapse conditions in a general dynamic system described by nonlinear algebraic and differential equations. A distinction between stability and collapse limits is clearly made. The point of voltage collapse is seen to coincide with a voltage controllability limit and/or a maximum loadability condition, which is not identical to the maximum power transfer when the loads are voltage sensitive. An example of angle instability leading to voltage collapse is investigated.


A new control system composed of base-isolated structure equipped with transducer is proposed. The control system can transform part of earthquake energy into hydraulic energy, which can be stored in an accumulator and used as active control power supply. A theoretical model of the control system is established and the energy transition efficiency and structural control effect of the system are discussed. Numerical simulation for a base-isolated frame structure is carried out by Simulink. The results show that the new control system has high energy transition efficiency, and the lower the damping of the isolation floor, the higher the energy transition efficiency. The input earthquake acceleration intensity has obvious effect on the energy transition efficiency. With high acceleration peak value of the earthquake excitation, the energy transition efficiency reaches 70 percent or more. Compared with the general base-isolated system, the new system has nearly the same control effect while the displacement of the isolation floor is reduced by nearly a half.


We have observed in the mid-infrared (4-18 μm) the counterpart of the compact object GRS1915+105, and the western jet of SS433. The images were carried out with the ISOCAM infrared camera on board of the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO). The mid-infrared photometry of GRS1915+105 shows the presence of an additional contribution besides the synchrotron emission. The 15 μm images of the large-scale western lobe of the SS433/W50 nebula are compared to the radio and X-ray ones. They show infrared synchrotron emission on the western edge of SS433/W50 lobe.


In this study, potato waste bioethanol was evaluated as an alternative fuel for gasoline engines. The pollutant emissions and performance of a four stroke SI engine operating on ethanol-gasoline blends has been investigated experimentally and theoretically. In the theoretical study, a quasi-dimensional SI engine cycle model has been adapted for spark ignition engines running on gasoline-ethanol blends. A mathematical model using Matlab software was developed using the first law of thermodynamics and conservation equations to predict the SI engine performance for different blend ratios. The model was also used to evaluate the engine emissions and the mechanical and heat losses in the engine which is not included in this study. Experiments were performed with the blends containing 5, 10, 15 and 20 vol% ethanol. The results show that increasing ethanol-gasoline blended will marginally increase the power and torque output of the engine. For ethanol blends it was found that the brake specific fuel consumption (bsfc) was decreased using 5% and 10% ethanol while the brake thermal efficiency and the volumetric efficiency were increased. Exhaust gas emissions were measured and analyzed for unburned hydrocarbons (UHC), carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), Oxygen (O2) and Oxide of Nitrogen NOx at engine speeds ranging from 1000 to 5000 rpm. The concentration of CO and UHC emissions in the exhaust pipe were found to be decreased when ethanol blends were introduced. The concentration of CO2 and NOx was found to be increased when ethanol is introduced. Results obtained from both theoretical and experimental studies were compared. The simulation results have been validated against data from experiments and it results to a good agreement between the trends in the predicted and experimental results.


The social and economic transformations actively carried out in the last 20 years in Russia contributed to the formation of competitive relations in almost all spheres of society, including the field of education. Modern high school forms a system of competition based on the ratings of higher education institutions according to specified indicators, one of which is personal ratings of teachers. Ratings are increasingly common in the motivation system for specialists in the scientific and pedagogical field. This trend is perceived ambiguously in the academic community. The authors of the paper conducted a sociological research aimed to study the views of teachers working in higher education institutions on the issue of the use of ratings in order to increase the motivation of scientific and pedagogical staff. The research was conducted by the team of Russian State Social University jointly with the staff of the research service of HeadHunter LTD. The conducted research showed that with certain reservations, most teachers think of ratings as a tool of moral stimulation of their work. Moreover, they are convinced that they are an objective necessity, which allows not only to assess a specialist's compliance with the qualification requirements but also to improve the self-esteem of teachers, as well as to visualize the contribution of the specialist to the effectiveness of the higher education institution. Based on the results of the research, the authors developed recommendations for the use of teachers' ratings for their motivation.


A small external force is used to produce deformation of the cells and an increase in internal hydrostatic pressure in onion epidermis cells. The subsequent change in cell layer thickness is measured as a function of time. The theory is developed to show that, for sufficiently small forces, this measurement provides enough information to determine cell membrane hydraulic conductivity and elastic modulus, and some results are given. This method should be applicable to sections containing several layers of cells from other kinds of higher plant tissue.


The global magnetic field configuration during the growth phase of the CDAW 6 substorm (March 22, 1979, 1054 UT) is modeled using data from two suitably located spacecraft and temporally evolving variations of the Tsyganenko magnetic field model. These results are compared with a local calculation of the current sheet location and thickness carried out by McPherron et al. (1987) and Sanny et al. (this issue). Both models suggest that during the growth phase the current sheet rotated away from its nominal location, and simultaneously thinned strongly. The locations and thicknesses obtained from the two models are in good agreement. The global model suggests that the peak current density is ∼120 nA/m2, and that the cross-tail current almost doubled its intensity during this very strong growth phase. The global model predicts a field configuration that is sufficiently stretched to scatter thermal electrons, which may be conducive to the onset of ion tearing in the tail. The electron plasma data further support this scenario, as the anisotropy present in the low-energy electrons disappears close to the substorm onset. The electron contribution to the intensifying current in this case is of the order of 10% before the isotropization of the distribution.


A direct search for charged lepton-flavour violation in top-quark decays is presented. The data analysed correspond to $79.8\ \text{fb}^{-1}$ of proton--proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=13\ \text{TeV}$ recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. The process studied is the production of top-quark pairs, where one top quark decays into a pair of opposite-sign different-flavour charged leptons and an up-type quark, while the other decays semileptonically according to the Standard Model. The signature of the signal is thus characterised by the presence of three charged leptons, a light jet and a $b$-jet. A multivariate discriminant is deployed and its distribution used as input to extract the signal strength. In the absence of a signal, an upper limit on the branching ratio of ${\cal B}(t \to \ell \ell' q) < 1.86 \times 10^{-5}$ is set at the 95\% confidence level.


Laboratory investigations are a medical procedure that involves testing a sample of blood, urine, or other substance from the body. Laboratory tests can help determine a diagnosis, plan treatment, check to see if treatment is working, or monitor the disease over time. A screening test tells a provider and a person more testing may be needed, and a diagnostic test gives more definite information. Each test helps a person decide how to proceed with the life (1).


In this essay, Charles Marsh sketches a theological interpretation of the American civil rights movement. Marsh argues that interpretation must begin by reconsidering the theological legacy of Martin Luther King, Jr., taking into account his deep, though largely overlooked, confessional convictions as well as his sympathy with the theology of Karl Barth, whose influence on King has been ignored. Marsh further argues that a theological interpretation of the civil rights movement should not be a matter of writing religious genealogies of moral actions, of civic piety or of representations of human goodness, but of understanding the detail of theological convictions in their lives particularity. Marsh thinks it is altogether appropriate for theologians to retell the story of the American civil rights movement as the story of the church.


Tax-funded public services and infrastructures benefit society better when tax revenue is obtained from sources that impose the minimum possible efficiency costs on the private sector. The efficiency losses from taxation vary directly with the responsiveness of a government's tax bases to tax rate increases. Using empirical estimates of the tax rate sensitivity of tax bases for Canadian provinces, we estimate the marginal cost of public funds (MCF) for the provinces' three major taxes with particular emphasis on Alberta. Our computations indicate that the corporate income had the highest MCF and that the sales tax had the lowest MCF in all provinces. Alberta's long-term MCFs for personal and corporate income taxes are found to be 1.44 and 81.61 in 2011, respectively. Our results imply that there would have been significant welf are gains in 2011 from reductions in provincial corporate income tax rates with a revenue neutral increase in personal income tax or the introduction of a provincial sales tax. The implication of our results is that the cost of raising revenue is the highest when provincial governments use corporate income tax and the lowest when they use sales taxes. * Corresponding author: Email: email@example.com; Tel. +1-780-633-3647; Fax: +1-780-497-4781.


The paper,using BFA-100body fat instrument made in China,testes and analyzes physical compoˉnents ofChinese outstandinghurdle athletes.The mainconclusions are the athletes'bodyfatpercentage is gradualˉlyreducingand lean weightis graduallyincreasingwiththe improvementof sportlevel;there is significantlydifferˉent(P0.01)ofphysical components betweenmenandwomen;Leanweigh、Leanweigh/heightand lungcapaciˉty,Standing long jump,triple jump and deep squat present positive relation with their specialty scores,and negaˉtive relation with30meters run,that is,the related coefficient has a remarkably difference.The related modulus of men and lean weight is higher than that of women and lean weight.


Central governments are facing increasingly stringent demands to lead the clean-up of public resources. Historically, governments have chosen legislation and regulation to address these concerns and achieved mixed results, but another tool of public policy holds significant promise and is gaining ground in the policy debate: 'green' taxes. The potential of a tax system to mitigate environmental externalities is explored. The theory of pollution tax is reviewed and a comparison of two country cases where taxes have been designed explicitly to reduce industrial effluents and improve the quality of fresh water resources is presented. If structures to approximate social costs are federally mandated and regionally implemented, a comprehensive tax system can constitute an integral part of an effective response to private spoliation of the commons.


The utility model provides a cervical vertebra tractor comprising an air bag body. The air bag body is formed by lamination of at least three semicircular air bags. Medicine bags are arranged on external surfaces to the inner side of the air bags. The air bag body includes a cervical vertebra portion just facing the cervical vertebra of a human body, and annular gathering portions at two sides of the cervical vertebra portion left and right. The cervical vertebra portion is 3cm to 8cm lower than each annular gathering portion. The advantages of the cervical vertebra tractor are that discomfort of a patient is alleviated, the patient will not get sweaty at the back of the neck, and flexible liposome placed inside the Dazhui acupoint medicine bag and the Fengchi acupoint enables transdermal administration absorptivity of traditional Chinese medicines to be increased, therefore, the cervical vertebra tractor is highly aimed at patients and has better treatment effects.


Brynjar Halldorsson, Claire Hill, Polly Waite, Kate Partridge, Daniel Freeman, and Cathy Creswell Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Psychology, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland; School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK; CAMHS Anxiety and Depression Pathway, Berkshire Healthcare Foundation Trust, University of Reading, Reading, UK; Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK


Pituitary tumors present because of either mass effect or functional abnormalities or, increasingly, as incidental findings on MR imaging. Although most infundibular masses are benign, the differential diagnosis includes germ cell tumors, CNS lymphoma, and cerebral inflammatory lesions, including


We investigated the performance of Bi-doped fiber amplifier at 1179 nm, in both low and high input signal regime, when pumped at 1090 nm. The amplifier efficiency and the saturation power both depend on the fiber cooling.


An electroacoustic transducer in which a diaphragm of a loudspeaker for converting an electrical signal into an acoustic signal comprises a lower section and an upper section thereof which are split axially of a center pole of a magnetic circuit. The lower section of the diaphragm has a concave-curved surface such as an exponential-curved surface while the upper section of the diaphragm has a parabolically-curved surface. A roll is provided at the joint area of the upper and lower sections of the diaphragm. In this manner, a high-band resonance frequency of the loudspeaker is raised to a high frequency and Q of high-band resonance is lowered to broaden a reproduction frequency range of the loudspeaker.


The uniform forward global attractors of
periodic systems and the comparison of the dynamics between
asymptotically periodic non-autonomous dynamical systems and their
corresponding limiting periodic processes are investigated. The
existence and Lyapunov stability of such attractors are
established and a Lyapunov functional charecterization of
uniform forward global attractors of non-autonomous periodic
processes is presented. The results are illustrated with examples
of ordinary and delay differential equations.


The Standard Progressive Matrices (SPM) test is the most widely used group IQ test in the Sudan. However, many experts criticize its construction based on the classical theory in psychological measurement. Hence, the present study aimed to investigate the extent to which the items of the SPM test fit into the one-parameter Rasch Model (RM) which is considered the base of the modern theory in measurement. The study also attempted to develop new criteria for the test to explain individuals' ability levels based on their scores on the items that fit into RM. The test was administered to two groups of participants: a calibration group (N = 1200 male and female individuals ranging in age from 6 to 25) and a standardization group (N = 4000). The PASW 18 and RUMM 2020 programs were used in the statistical treatment of data. Eight items were deleted from the SPM test because they did not fit into RM, thus leaving the test with 52 items. The modified version of the test was then subjected to validity and reliability measures. The study also developed new criteria for the test by finding t-scores and deviated IQ percentages matching the various ratings of individuals' ability.


This study aims at examining the features of fortress in Gangwon Province in relation with the document records of fortress where archaeological survey was carried out together with the status of medieval fortress in Gangwondo. Fortresses in this study are those constructed or renovated in the medieval period and fortresses with refined surface inspection report and excavation survey. Gangwondo is divided into Yeongdong area and Yeongseo area with the Taebaek Mountains as its natural border. Although it is simple comparison, Yeongdong area is smaller than Yeongseo area. However, the number of fortress is almost same. In other words, Yeongdong area which was incorporated during the Koryo period had strong military purposes and therefore, it had high density of fortress. Yeongdong area suffered from the foreign invasion from the ocean from early Koryo described in the excavation survey and records like『高麗史』. Accordingly, seaside fortresses were established and town fortresses were constructed for the role of hub to control surrounding fortresses. In the late Koryo, the Mongolian invasion through the land was carried out, and the protective fortresses were constructed in a rough mountainside in along with the increase of the Japanese pirates from the sea. This is related with the feature of war, and looks higher meaning of plunder than conquest. In Yeongseo area, there was no case of survey on flat ground fortress and flat mountain fortress in the literature and archaeological survey. Considering the survey so far, it is conjectured that they established Peak-banding style fortress(테뫼식산성) which was used during the Unified Silla period, and Valley-surrounding style fortress(포곡식산성) was established in a large size like Yeongdong area in along with the invasion of Mongolia. The periodic transformation of medieval fortress in Gangwondo was briefly examined. Excavation is required to figure out actual characteristics of the fortress, but not many excavation surveys were carried. And it is necessary to take refined surface examination of 70 medieval fortresses in order to figure out accurate status. Accordingly, it is recommended to collect more resources and to take researches in order to implement this study.


Thinking ability is the core of a person's abilities. Middle school chemistry teaching should focus on cultivating students' scientific thinking method and ability in addition to teaching basic chemical knowledge skills. It is an effective way to develop students' scientific thinking methodolgy ability by letting them do chemical exercises with scientific thinking methodology.


The necessity of universal design for forestry is increasing. Although several studies applied universal design in forest site, they had been only concentrated on the barrier-free design for the limited activities rather than overall utilization for considering all visitors from the disabled, the elderly and the infirm to the baby and child. The purpose of this study is to find out the principle of the universal design within forest welfare service facilities by analysing how socially disadvantaged people perceive overall usage of natural recreation forest area. This study figures out the main principles of universal design in forest welfare through analyzing usage of children and disabilities in Yumyeongsan natural recreation forest where is one of the popular type of forest welfare area. By doing focus interviews targeted on children and disabilities, the results are analyzed through semantic network analysis, objectively. The result proves that universal design in forest welfare area contains four principles; convenience, safety, diversity and amenity. Also it confirmed that disabilities need better internal space facilities and priority care. Through those characters of universal design, forest area will be able to cover more various type of users as forest welfare area.


ABSTRACT With corporate social responsibility (CSR) becoming increasingly important, this research forms a nexus for strategic CSR and internal brand knowledge through the conceptual development and empirical validation of a model. The research methodology is based on an online survey administered via a temporal data collection approach (i.e. two-wave). The findings substantiate that internal branding constructs that characterise the employees internal CSR experienced. The internal CSR experience is also shaped by individual factors, such as employee awareness of CSR, perception of the sincerity of the CSR brand and subjective knowledge of CSR. The findings demonstrate the precedential effect of the internal branding constructs on employee performance outcomes (CSR involvement, organisational attachment and organisational citizenship behaviours). The integrity of the model is substantiated by partial least squares (PLS) testing. The study provides scholars and practitioners with empirical evidence of CSR as an internal branding tool to improve brand alignment and employee performance.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a navigation device, capable of setting, when a designated road is appropriate, a route to a destination to pass the road, and appropriately setting, when the designated road is improper, a route to the destination, without passing the road. SOLUTION: A user sets a passing road to be passed, by designating the road on a map displayed on a display monitor (step S30). A plurality of links, constituting the passing road, is substituted by a virtual link, to which a link cost smaller than the total value of link costs thereof is set (step S40). A recommended route from a starting point to the destination is searched based on a link cost set to each link constituting roads, other than the passing road and the link cost set to the virtual link substituted in step S40. COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT


Herbal medicine is still the mainstay of about 75% of the world population, especially in the under developed and developing countries, for primary health care because of better cultural acceptability, better compatibility with the human body and lesser side effects. However, in the last few years there has been a major increase in their use in the developed world. In Germany and France, many herbs and herbal extracts are used as prescription drugs. Herbal treatments are the most popular form of traditional medicine, and are highly lucrative in the international marketplace. On the basis of field survey on medicinal herb plant species 50 under different families of 35 showed their presence in the campus which was collected identified and listed, and also recorded in Kargiroad Kota of Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh. These medicinal plants showed different habit herbs, climber, shrub and tree. KEYWORD: Herbal Medicine, Kargiroad, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh. INTRODUCTION The term "medicinal plant" includes various types of plants used in herbalism ("herbology" or "herbal medicine"). It is the use of plants for medicinal purposes, and the study of such uses. Plants have been used for medicinal purposes long before prehistoric period. Ancient Unani manuscripts, Egyptian papyrus and Chinese writings described the use of herbs. Evidence exist that Unani Hakims, Indian Vaids and European and Mediterranean cultures were using herbs for over 4000 years as medicine. Indigenous cultures such as Rome, Egypt, Iran, Africa and America used herbs in their healing rituals, while other developed traditional medical systems such as Unani, Ayurveda and Chinese Medicine in which herbal therapies were used systematically. According to World Health Organization, 80 % of the people living World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research SJIF Imp ct Factor 8.074 Volume 8, Issue 6, 1586-1591. Research Article ISSN 2277– 7105 *Corresponding Author Sampatti Todar Dr. C. V. Raman University, Kargi Road Kota, Bilaspur (C.G.). Article Received on 20 March 2019, Revised on 10 April 2019, Accepted on 01 May 2019, DOI: 10.20959/wjpr20196-15060


This report describes the use of intracoronary adenosine and transvenous pacemaker backup as an adjunct to intra-aortic balloon pump use and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibition to accomplish high-risk multivessel coronary angioplasty in an 87-year-old female with profound cardiogenic shock. Myocardial preconditioning may further enhance microvascular perfusion in this critical state.


Introduction, background and context. Community patient dependency and workload. Community staff activity. Staff mix. Efficiency and effectiveness. Education and training. Recruitment and retention. Determining team size and mix. Appendices. Annotated bibliography. Index


Meltwater Pulse 1A injection into the North Atlantic coincided with the Bølling warming event, despite climate model simulations indicating that the Meltwater Pulse 1A should have inevitably lead to an extreme cooling in the northern hemisphere. However, so far no cooling event has been found in paleoclimate records responding to Meltwater Pulse 1A. Here we reconstruct winter temperature based on sedimentary diatoms from Huguangyan Maar Lake in tropical China. The results show that winter temperature dropped by at least 6°C within ∼100 years at 14.8 ± 0.02 ka BP, coeval with the onset of Meltwater Pulse 1A, within dating uncertainty. We argue that Meltwater Pulse 1A weakened the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), resulting in abrupt severe cooling in the Northern Hemisphere that caused a severe winter temperature drop in East Asia by strengthening the winter monsoon. We propose that extreme cooling in winter temperature triggered the Bølling warming by stopping the freshwater release from the ice‐sheet, triggering the AMOC to recover quickly and causing the Bølling event as an overshoot under gradual forcing.


Antirrhinum rothmaleri (Pinto da Silva) Amich, Bernardos & Garcia-Barriuso is a restricted and threatened endemic plant that inhabits the serpentines present in northern Portugal. Antirrhinum braun-blanquetii Rothm. and A. meonanthum Hoffmanns. & Link are also plants endemic to the western part of the Iberian Peninsula. Particulate trace concentrations of eight metals (Ba, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Sr and Zn) and ten major elements (Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Si and Ti) were determined in rock samples and dry leaf matter from these three species, belonging to the section Streptosepalum Rothm. of the genus Antirrhinum L. (Plantaginaceae). The habitat and ecology of A. rothmaleri are clearly reflected in its trace metal accumulation. These plants appear to be perfectly adapted to soils developed from different types of ophiolitic bedrock, whose chemical and physical properties have long been known to produce an environment hostile to most plant life. The clear morphological differences between A. rothmaleri and A. braun-blanquetii and A. meonanthum, probably reflect phenomena of genetic divergence and reproductive isolation rather than the nutritional imbalances and toxicity of the ultrabasic soil and rock where A. rothmaleri grows.


OBJECTIVE To discuss the relationship between environmental health and hospital infection in key departments. METHODS Compared environmental health monitoring results and nosocomial infection rates from 2010 to 2011. RESULTS Nosocomial infection rate was 3.1% , 510 specimens were collected including 60 unqualified, the pass rate was 89.2%, the absolute value of correlation coefficient of hospital infection incidence and environmental health monitoring results was 0.05. CONCLUSION The degree of hospital environment pollution is not directly related to the hospital infection rate.


This article uses Tibetan traditional fermenting barley wine as raw materials.Optimum condition on traditional fermenting Tibetan barley wine was discussed.The factors which influenced Tibetan barley wine's qualities of Tibetan traditional fermentation mainly through the determination of its alcohol content,total ester,reducible sugar and the investigation of its taste and fragrance.


Abstract We introduce forward-backward stochastic equations (FBSEs) that incorporate fully-coupled forward-backward structure into backward stochastic equations (BSEs) introduced in Cheridito and Nam (Ann. Probab. 45(6A):3795–3828, 2017). Such a system generalizes the classical backward stochastic differential equations (BSDEs) and forward-backward stochastic differential equations (FBSDEs) in previous literature. We transform an FBSE into a fixed point equation on the space of random variables and then apply general fixed point theorems to derive the existence and/or uniqueness of a solution. As a result, we obtain novel existence and/or uniqueness results for fully-coupled FBSDEs with functional drivers, which are either Lipschitz or non-Lipschitz.


Broadcast media are declining in their power to decide which issues and viewpoints will reach large audiences. But new information filters are appearing, in the guise of recommender systems, aggregators, search engines, feed ranking algorithms, and the sites we bookmark and the people and organizations we choose to follow on Twitter. Sometimes we explicitly choose our filters; some we hardly even notice. Critics worry that, collectively, these filters will isolate people in information bubbles only partly of their own choosing, and that the inaccurate beliefs they form as a result may be difficult to correct. But should we really be worried, and, if so, what can we do about it? Our panelists will review what scholars know about selectivity of exposure preferences and actual exposure and what we in the CSCW field can do to develop and test ways of promoting diverse exposure, openness to the diversity we actually encounter, and deliberative discussion.


As early as the 1980s, big data has been proposed, and the past decade has ushered in the opportunity for rapid development. In today's era of explosive data growth, many technologies and algorithms based on big data have emerged. With the advancement of science and technology and the popularization of the Internet, large amounts of data and information will be generated from people's daily work and life to the state of the trajectory of molecules. How to efficiently mine the hidden information of these massive data information is the key to scientific and social development, which requires big data mining technology. The purpose of this article is to design the Apriori-TIDS (A T) algorithm based on big data and its application in the information mining of college counselors' educational decision-making. In this paper, through the research on the basis of AT algorithm, analyze the algorithm design of AT, and combine with the current situation of education decision-making information of college counselors in our country, to explore the application of AT algorithm in college counselor education information mining. This article analyzes it through research methods such as literature data method and mathematical statistics method. Research shows that the improved AT algorithm is obviously better than the Apriori algorithm, especially when the support threshold is low.


Vadodaria et al. (Anaesthesia 2004; 92: 73–9) are to be congratulated on their study on the neglected but important subject of emergency airway access. Although they cautiously conclude that the Quiktrach device may be the best of the four studied there is a risk that this conclusion could be interpreted as evidence that the Quiktrach is a suitable device for use in the can t intubate, can't ventilate' situation. Unfortunately, limitations of their model and study render this interpretation invalid. The principal problems with their model are: 1. The model used to simulate the can t intubate, can't ventilate' situation was created in the simulator by producing a swollen tongue and oropharynx. Although the authors state that laryngospasm was not set on the simulator, it is probable that they created almost complete obstruction to inspiration and expiration. This simulator study confirms that low-pressure ventilation through an uncuffed 4 mm tube may allow satisfactory oxygenation in moderately hypoxaemic patients with complete upper airway obstruction, as has been reported in similar well oxygenated patients in clinical practice [1]. In this situation, the complete obstruction performs the function of a cuff. However, supraglottic upper airway obstruction is usually predominantly inspiratory [2,3] so that low-pressure ventilation (via the anaesthesia circuit or self-inflating resuscitator) delivered to the trachea is likely to escape upwards and fail to ventilate the lungs. Furthermore, obstruction of expiration is not necessarily present in the can t intubate, can't ventilate' situation [4], where the clinical scenario implies problems only with inspiration. In the can t intubate, can't ventilate' situation it is probable that low-pressure ventilation through an uncuffed tube will not be reliable, especially if pulmonary compliance is reduced [5]. The absence of a cuff means that the airway is unprotected. Uncritical advocacy of low-pressure ventilation through uncuffed tubes has been criticised by Walls [6]. We are aware of reported [7] and unreported failure to oxygenate patients when lowpressure ventilation is used with uncuffed tubes in the can t intubate, can't ventilate' situation, leading to a fatal outcome. 2. The authors chose to intervene when arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) reached 80%. This is quite unrealistic. While the pulse oximeter is inaccurate at very low saturations, it is extremely unlikely that anyone would perform a surgical airway in the unexpected can t intubate, can't ventilate' situation until the SaO2 was less than 50%, and in most cases it would be much lower than this. The degree of hypoxaemia influences the efficacy of re-oxygenation. During hypoxaemia, the rate of re-oxygenation is dependent upon the volume of oxygen delivered to the alveoli. Positive-pressure ventilation through a wide-bore, cuffed, tracheal tube undoubtedly provides the maximal delivery of oxygen to alveoli that are often poorly compliant and atelectatic. A major limitation of the study by Vadodaria et al. is that they made recommendations for management of the can t intubate, can't ventilate' situation in the absence of a comparison with the gold standard technique of surgical cricothyroidotomy. Surgical cricothyroidotomy provides a reliable, definitive airway with a cuffed tracheal tube so that a high minute volume can be achieved with low-pressure ventilation. The necessary equipment is widely available and is inexpensive. The technique and equipment have been standardised [8]. Insertion is extremely fast in skilled hands [9], and even in unskilled hands an airway can be reliably established within 45 s [10]. These times compare favourably with those achieved in the study by Vadodaria et al. Complication rates are low when staff are well trained [11,12] and none of these complications have been lethal, in contrast to the failed management of can t intubate, can't ventilate'. Three of us (SQMT, JGH and JJH) have used surgical cricothyroidotomy in the can t intubate, can't ventilate' situation


This study aims to appraise the key features and components of chronic kidney disease (CKD) problems in the case of the classification task. There are different types of the classifier which presented a result with low accuracy. A new combined classifier may be needed to achieve better results. Classification techniques used include k-nearest neighbors (k-NN), naive bayes (NB), and their proposed ensemble model. A feature selection technique (FST) based on genetic algorithms (GA) is presented and compared to famous dimensionality reduction techniques (DRT), namely principal component analysis (PCA). The proposed ensemble model classifiers have higher accuracy rates on the CKD dataset than the other classification models before and after applying the FST and DRT. The results demonstrated that employing FST using GA and DRT as PCA has enhanced classification accuracy. This model can be used for the identification of CKD in the early stage.


Introduction Part One: The Gothic and the Ghostly Chapter One: Haunted Narratives: Women Writing the Ghostly in Early Gothic Fiction Lisa Kroger Chapter Two: City of Ghosts: Elizabeth Bowen's Wartime Stories Stefania Porcelli Chapter Three: Those "whose deaths were not remarked:" Ghostly Other Women in Henry James's The Turn of the Screw, Charlotte Perkins Gilman's The Yellow Wallpaper, and Marilynne Robinson's Housekeeping Jana M. Tigchelaar Part Two: Spectral Figures and Spectral Histories Chapter Four: These Ghosts Will Be Lovers: The "Cultural Haunting" of Class Consciousness in Ian McEwan's Atonement Karley K. Adney Chapter Five: The Spectral Queerness of White Supremacy in Helen Oyeyemi's White Is for Witching Amy K. King Chapter Six: In the Spirit of Reconciliation: Migrating Spirits and Australian Postcolonial Multiculturalism in Hoa Pham's Vixen Jessica Carniel Chapter Seven: Haunting Mothers: Alternative Modes of Communication in Geographies of Home and Soledad Betsy A. Sandlin Part Three: Spectral Projections Chapter Eight: Aesthetics of Hauntings as Diasporic Sensibility in Julie Dash's Daughters of the Dust Yu-yen Liu Chapter Nine: Women as Cultural Wound: Korean Horror Cinema and the Imperative of Han Andrew Hock Soon Ng Chapter Ten: Interrogating Capitalism, The Specter of Hiroshima, and the Architectural Uncanny in Kiyoshi Kurosawa's Pulse Paul Petrovic Bibliography About the Contributors


Importantly, much evidence suggests that ICT innovation is accelerating with many compelling visions moving from science fiction toward reality. Appendix A both touches upon these visions and seeks to distill their attributes. Future visions include personalized medicine to target care and drugs to an individual, sophisticated social network analysis of potential terrorist threats to aid homeland security, and telepresence to reduce the greenhouse gases spent on commuting. Future applications will increasingly require processing on large, heterogeneous data sets ("Big Data"), using distributed designs, working within form-factor constraints, and reconciling rapid deployment with efficient operation.


Abstract : Macaca mulatta monkeys were exposed to neutron and gamma radiation as one phase of an extensive animal program designed to yield a better under standing of the biological effects of ionizing radiation. Exposure distances were chosen on the basis of dose vs. distance data obtained during Operation Teapot and on the desired biological responses. In both shots in which Project 39.6 participated, the radiation dose required to produce death in 30 days in 50 per cent of the animals was determined. All animals were followed for acute radiation effects, and, where no mortality occurred, they are being followed for long-term effects such as cataract production, bone-marrow change, shortening of life span, and carcinogenesis. Ultimately the long-term findings will be compared with known human data.


Background. Resistance to chemotherapeutic agents is a major problem in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) chemotherapy, and recent studies have indicated that glutathione S‐transferase‐π (GST‐π) may play an important role in the resistance of cancer cells to alkylating agents that include platinum compound.


ABM was not developed specifically for finance, but there is a growing interest in its use in the field. We believe that the insights from ABM could have profound consequences for the risk management of financial institutions, and could also be fruitfully utilised by actuaries. However, in saying that ABM is currently in an early stage of development – whilst current models produce outputs which look like the real markets – they are a long way from producing reliable calibrated models with predictive power.


Effects of contents of Na, Pt and Zr, and preparation of PtZrO2/HM catalyst on npentane isomerization reaction were investigated in a continuous microreactorchromatographic unit A mathematical orthogonal experimental method was used to obtain an optimum reaction conditions: t=275?℃, p=15?MPa, WHSV=125?h-1, H2/C05=20 (mole ratio) At the optimum conditions, PtZrO2/HM catalyst achieved that npentane conversion is 6988w%, isopentane yield is 6768w%, isopentane selectivity is 9685w%, yield of liquid product is 9780w%


Taking into account global and regional trends and national goals and using Professor V.L. Kvint's methodology of strategizing as the basis for the study the author assesses the impact of the regional economic strategy on the foreign trade of the regions of China. Development of China's foreign trade has strengthened the country's ties with the rest of the world, efficiently improved the country's modernization and contributed to global prosperity and progress. The study has revealed that leadership in export and import belongs to coastal eastern and southeastern regions, which is a peculiar feature of the regional structure of China's foreign trade. At the same time northern and western regions are engaged into foreign trade very little due to their landlockedness. The author points out that promotion of strategic development of regional economic structure provides for sustainable development of foreign trade. The article contains the analysis of indicators of export of goods from China in its basic directions and the basic directions of import to China according to the indicator of the volume of import of goods in 2021. The author studies the threats for development of export and import and defines the most important strategic trends of foreign economic development of China. It has been stated that coordination of regional economic modernization through foreign trade requires timely correction of its model and promotion of modernization of industrial structure.


In this work we derive a pair of nonlinear eigenvalue problems corresponding to the one-band effective Hamiltonian accounting for the spin-orbit interaction governing the electronic states of a quantum dot. We show that the pair of nonlinear problems allows for the minmax characterization of its eigenvalues under certain conditions which are satisfied for our example of a cylindrical quantum dot and the common InAs/GaAs heterojunction. Exploiting the minmax property we devise an efficient iterative projection method simultaneously handling the pair of nonlinear problems and thereby saving about 25% of the computation time as compared to the Nonlinear Arnoldi method applied to each of the problems separately.


An observational longitudinal study was conducted at the Lucca Homeopathic Clinic from 1998 to 2014. A total of 325 consecutive paediatric patients with atopic disorders (asth-ma, eczema and hay fever) were assessed to evaluate clinical outcomes following homeopathic treatment and the long-term evolution of the disease in patients with (cid:3) 5 years ' follow-up. The results show that positive short- and long-term clinical bene fi ts are seen in atopic children who receive homeopathic treatment.


In this paper we introduced a reliability model about Lomax and Gomperz distribution. Growth Hormone (GH) has a strong lipolytic action and its secretion is increased during exercise .Data on fuel metabolism and its hormonal regulation during prolonged exercise in patients with growth hormone deficiency is rare. This study aimed at evaluating the hormonal and metabolic response during aerobic exercise in GHD patients. Using these results we found Lomax distribution model is more efficient model than Gomperz model and finally we conclude that the application part is fitted with the mathematical models and conclusion is compared with medical report. This will be very useful for medical professional.


The present invention relates to a method and arrangement for interrupting (separating) one or more battery modules in an automobile battery. A configuration for interrupting at least one of the plurality of battery modules (11, 12, 13) in the vehicle battery (10) is to detect that the at least one battery module is to be interrupted. And a bypass switch (15, 16, 17) provided in each battery module, and the detected bypass switch provided in at least one battery module is connected via a bypass path. And at least one detected battery module is controllable to bypass. This configuration further includes a cutoff switch (21, 22, 23) provided in each battery module, and the cutoff switch provided in the at least one bypassed battery module bypasses the detected battery module; At the same time or later, it can be controlled to shut off at least one detected battery module from the remaining battery modules. [Selection] Figure 1


Seasonal variation in physico-chemical and zooplankton communities of Dejla Dewada Reservoir (D.D.R.), West Nimar district (Khargone) was studied during October 2009 to September 2010. Protozoa, Rotifera, Copepoda, Cladocera and Ostrcoda were found dominated zooplanktonic groups. The total zooplankton density ranged between 879 unit/L to 2980 unit/L.The composition of zooplankton was found as Protozoa >Rotifera>Copepoda>Cladocera>Ostracoda.


The invention discloses a ZStack (Zigbee Protocol Stack)-based heterogeneous network data interaction method, wherein an SH protocol layer is added in a ZStack in each Zigbee equipment to cooperate with an SH protocol switch, so that each Zigbee equipment has a unique TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) network identity, and the TCP/IP-based Ethernet which is quite mature nowadays is connected with a Zigbee wireless sensor network, so that Zigbee network programming equipment becomes TCP/IP network equipment. The unique TCP/IP network identity of each equipment can be relied on for communication among Zigbee equipment and between the TCP/IP network equipment and the Zigbee equipment, and thus, the application range of the Zigbee equipment is widened further.


This paper deals with distributed fusion with local quasi-tracklets and provides the optimal linear minimum mean-squared error (LMMSE) fusion, namely optimal quasi-tracklet fusion. We analyze its performance, present a necessary and sufficient condition under which the fusion is identical with the centralized fusion, and exploit its relationships with some existing distributed fusion methods. Numerical results are provided to illustrate its performance compared with the centralized and existing distributed fusion algorithms.


There is increasing recognition in the literature of the relevance and importance of entrepreneurship for migrant women from developing countries who have settled in developed economies and aspire to become entrepreneurs. This qualitative study applied a case study methodology to explore entrepreneurship of eleven migrant African-Australian women entrepreneurs in the Cairns region. The study identified factors that enabled the eleven participating women to start and sustain businesses. The study employed three data collection methods: semi-structured interviews; survey questionnaires; and researcher"s reflective journal. Findings revealed that: (1) women who had experience in conducting business in Africa were most likely to establish businesses in Australia and (2) cultural, family, human capital, social capitaland networks,and institutional factors acted as enablers in the establishment and operation of their businesses. This study provides empirical data of entrepreneurship among participating women, contributes to a new body of knowledge and provides a foundation for further research in this area. The study serves to inform aspiring migrant African-Australian women entrepreneurs themselves and may inform policymakers.


This contribution to the Handbook of Research on Environmental Taxation discusses the law and economics of environmental taxation. The chapter provides an overview of taxation and other incentive-based regulations from an environmental law and economics perspective by addressing their strengths and weaknesses. Issues such as flexibility and cost-effectiveness, and also their susceptibility to lobbying at the legislative level and to regulate capture, are examined. The chapter shows that it is not surprising that there differing approaches since none of the policy instruments (taxes, contracts, liability rules, regulation or market-based instruments) may alone be optimal to provide adequate incentives for pollution control. A combination may be necessary, ideally making optimal use of the advantages of each particular policy instrument. To some extent, this can be observed in practice as well. The chapter also discusses the necessity to search for optimal instrument mixes and shows how those mixes of instruments are also applied in practice, especially in the European Union. However, using a behavioural approach, the chapter also shows some of the limits of instrument mixes.


The P2X7 receptor‐NLRP3 inflammasome complex (P2X7R‐Infl) regulates inflammatory and immune responses. Physical exercise modulates heat‐shock proteins (Hsps), influencing cytokine levels and oxidative stress; Hsp72 triggers P2X7R‐Infl‐dependent responses.


The utility model relates to a cooling tower, and in particular relates to a cooling tower provided with a compensation type hydraulic power fan. The cooling tower comprises a water tower, the hydraulic power fan used for cooling the water flowing through the water tower, and a pressure compensation pump, wherein the water tower is provided with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe; the hydraulic power fan comprises a fan and a hydraulic turbine used for driving the fan; the hydraulic turbine is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet; the water inlet of the hydraulic turbine is connected with the water outlet pipe; the pressure compensation pump is provided with a water outlet and a water inlet; the water outlet of the pressure compensation pump is connected with the water inlet of the hydraulic turbine. According to the cooling tower provided with the compensation type hydraulic power fan, an electric fan is completely replaced by the hydraulic power fan, so that the problem that the electric fan can not be completely replaced by the hydraulic power fan of an existing cooling tower can be solved.


On April 25 2015, Nepal was struck by a Mw 7.8 earthquake. The epicenter was located in Barpak, about 76 km northwest of Kathmandu. Over the next two months, more than sixty aftershocks with a moment magnitude 4.0 or higher were recorded, including, the most important aftershock, seventeen days later, on May 12, with Mw 7.3. The epicenter of the second event was located 19 km southeast of Kodari, approximately 80 km east-northeast of Kathmandu. At the end of the two months, and over 8832 casualties and 22309 injuries, thirty-one of the country's seventy five districts were reported to be affected, out of which fourteen were declared 'crisis-hit' for the purpose of prioritizing rescue and relief operations; another seventeen neighboring districts were partially affected. With respect to the built environment, the total number of government and private houses fully damaged was 530502 and an additional 281598 were partially damaged. As for cultural heritage, 741 buildings and sites were severely affected, including 133 fully collapsed, 95 suffered partial collapse and 513 partially damaged, according to the Department of Archaeology, Government of Nepal. The PostDisaster Needs Assessment (PDNA) report indicated that the total economic impact was close to US$ 7000 million. In particular, the economic impact to the cultural heritage sector was expected to be US$ 192 million. The current paper provides an overview of the performance of cultural heritage properties in Nepal, particularly in an around Kathmandu. Typological differences in the structure and architecture, recurrent damage and collapse mechanisms are reported for a selected set. Performance of Pagoda-style and Shikara-style temples, and Rana-style buildings are assessed. The paper is an outcome of missions conducted in May-June 2015, involving researchers from IIT Madras, India and University of Porto, Portugal, as part of a joint initiative by ICCROM, ICOMOS, ICOM and Smithsonian Institute.


The dismemberment of a female dog as a purification ceremony before a ritual combat that the Macedonian army held in the Xandica, could be related to Ennodia goddess, an equivalent to Hecate in the Thessalian and Macedonian context. From the historical sources statements and the archaeological remains, we try to prove this hypothesis, in which we present the possibility that this ritual was incorporated with Thessalian troops that Philip II introduced in the Macedonian army in the context of the deep military reform developed when he came to the head of the kingdom.


The present investigation was carried out during two successive seasons of 2018 / 2019 and 2019/ 2020 on 15 years old date palm trees of Zaghloul cv. grown in sandy soil in a private orchard at El-Behira governorate, Egypt. The research was aimed to investigate the effect of nitrogen and potassium nano-fertilizers comparing with conventional mineral fertilizers on yield and fruit quality, four doses of nitrogen and potassium nano-fertilizer (75, 150, 300 and 600g/ palm/ year) were applied compared to the conventional nitrogen and potassium mineral fertilizers as a control. Different fertilization treatments significantly affected palm yield and fruit quality during both seasons. Treatment of 600g of nano N and K fertilizers produced higher values of tree yield and bunch weight, fruit volume, and fruit length in both seasons. Meanwhile, 600g of nano-fertilizer and control treatments gave the highest fruit and flesh weight. The obtained results also showed fruit content of total soluble solids, total and reducing sugars was significantly increased by nano-fertilizer treatment at 600 and 300g per palm and improved significantly N, P, and K content. Whereas treatment with 75 and 150g nano-fertilizer gave higher values of total tannins and total phenols contents in Zaghloul fruits in both seasons. According to the current study, nano-fertilizer improved date palm yield, fruit quality and nutritional status.


The paper describes a new compact neutron spectrometer optimized for the detection of 2.5 MeV neutrons for fusion plasma applications. The first neutron spectroscopy measurements on a nuclear fusion plasma experiment (EAST) with this detector are also reported together with the data interpretation. The detector allowed separating the different neutron emission components from the plasma and to validate the effectiveness of the Neutral Beam Injection (NBI) heating. A possible improvement of the diagnostic has been also identified in order to increase the detector sensitivity to weak components of the neutron spectrum, such as those due to the Ion Cyclotron Resonace Heating (ICRH). The relatively simple response function of the C7LYC detector to 2.5 MeV neutrons together with its good capability in the n/γ discrimination, makes this detector an interesting spectrometer for deuterium (D) plasma diagnostics. In particular, its compactness allows for integration in a multi-line of sight camera where space constraints are present.


Streptomyces sp. HJ02 can use indole as the sole carbon source for growth. The effects of initial concentration of indole,added glucose,pH and temperature on the biodegradation of indole by Streptomyces sp. HJ02 were examined. The main metabolic pathways and mechanism of indole degradation by HJ02 strain are discussed. The results showed that Streptomyces sp. HJ02 has a rather strong capacity to biodegrade indole. The Streptomyces sp. HJ02 degraded nearly 300 mg·L-1 of indole within 6 days under the optimum conditions of pH=7,and 30℃. The degradation kinetics of indole by Streptomyces sp. HJ02 could be fitted adequately to an Andrews equation. Adding glucose decreased the degradation rate of indole by Streptomyces sp. HJ02,showing competitive inhibition between glucose and the indole substrate. The ultraviolet-visible spectra and GC chromatogram showed that the characteristic ring of indole was broken down by Streptomyces sp.


Urbanization evolved with the development of industrialization and transportation, and gone with the development of urbanization, population, industry, cities and towns, information and other elements centralized and diffused on a large scale in Harbin-Dalian Traffic Economic Belt(TEB). Special geo-political and geo-economic environment affected the course of urbanization in Harbin-Dalian TEB deeply. At present, the characteristics of urbanization in Harbin-Dalian TEB are: (1) The function system is not perfect while urban system formed basically. (2)The space expand fast, otherwise, the differences of development level of the cities are obvious. (3)Extra-economy developed quickly, and the industrial construction changed to the higher level day by day. (4) The system reform is lagging, private economics developed slowly, and there are lots of difficulties in regional accumulation. (5)The construction of modern infrastructure provide solid foundations for the development of urbanization. Three backgrounds must be considered in forecasting the trends of urbanization in Harbin-Dalian TEB: (1) industry transformation and the structure of international cargo flow in the world in the course of economic globalization; (2) the changes of industrial development model according to demands of sustainable development; (3) the adjustments of national macro-regional structure for reconstruction and exerting of old industrial base in Northeast China. At the same time, it should be fully considered industrial location orientation, industrial centralization orientation and the trends of regional urbanization and urban conformity at present and in the future. Based on the above, the authors considered that the formation and development of the four Metropolitan Economic Circles establish the urbanization structure in Harbin-Dalian TEB in the future. It should be provided several countermeasures for the urbanization to develop orderly in Harbin-Dalian TEB: (1) Propel system and mechanism innovation, accelerate urbanization "from bottom to top". (2)Strengthen the centralization and diffusing of regional central cities in order to urge cities and regions develop conformity. (3)Construct regional harmonious institutions in order to elaborate macro-adjustment function of national policy. (4) Propel the course of regional integration by the development of four metropolitan economic circles according to demands of globalization and regional integration in northeast Asia.


[sic] that he is compelled to carry on his back? Keep back the foreigner.' One suspects that many on the prairies felt this way; consequently, it can be suggested that the authors tend to blunt the edge of racism. It is not as clear, as the writers suggest, that the Boer War was popular with the working and lower classes; one could certainly argue that it was essentially a middle class adventure. Phillips Thompson, for one, wrote of his disgust 'at the infatuation of some members of the Liberal party in the insane pandering tojingoism which has characterized their course in this matter ...' 'I assure you,' he went on, 'that there are very many in this city [Toronto] who share these opinions, though our views may not at present find expression in the press or on the platform.' In dealing with the treatment of enemy aliens during the First World War, the writers observe that the government was moved to protect these people; but, it should be noted, that same government had aided and abetted in the creation of war enthusiasm and, consequently, it was to some degree responsible for the excesses of that spirit. So, perhaps, it should have been said that the government could not have it both ways: a populace eager for war and an enemy alien population free from official and unofficial persecution. Then, in wrestling with the very difficult question of why no brave new Canada emerged after the slaughter that was the First World War, the authors say that new and renewed divisions apped the country of purpose after the conflict. This scarcely seems to be a sufficient explanation of what funny thing happened to reform in this country on its way out of that not so great war. Lastly, and unfortunately, considering the quality of the text, the index is not without its imperfections of spelling, omission, and inconsistency. To end the review at this point, however, would be to conclude on a negative note, and that would be most unjust. This is a volume of quality and historical integrity. No potboiler this, but a superb book which establishes fresh standards of research, synthesis, and writing.


It is argued that design for testability will not be enough by itself in the 1990s and that the entire design philosophy must change from a serial approach to a parallel one of concurrent engineering. An outline of previous approaches is presented, exploring what has and has not worked and what is still not working. The author identifies the fundamental changes that must occur in systems engineering and the impact that design for testability, design for quality, design for manufacturability, and design for serviceability will have on the acceptance by the services of new systems designs. The concurrent engineering environment and some of the computer-aided engineering tools needed to successfully implement it are described. Some examples of the impact concurrent engineering on development times, production costs, and overall life-cycle costs are examined.<<ETX>>


On January 13, 2022, news arrived from Washington, DC, about the contents of a U.S. Justice Department indictment. It accused Stewart Rhodes and ten other associates of "seditious conspiracy" for illegal actions before, and then during, the January 6, 2021, larger riotous assault on the U.S. Capitol, which disrupted the joint session of Congress convened ceremoniously to count the presidential ballots of the Electoral College certifying Joe Biden's electoral victory for the White House. Rhodes is the founder and current leader of the Oath Keepers, a large right-wing militia group popular among citizens with law enforcement, military, and security experience, whose name derives from their solemn oaths of loyalty to the U.S. Constitution.


Ningxiang as Agricultural Mechanization demonstration counties determined by the Ministry of Agriculture National,the construction must adhere to scientific development and advance planning.Planning point is:focusing on achieving full mechanization of rice production,developming efficient high-performance machinery,the development of intensive,factory-rice,developing rice concentrate grain drying and processing technology equip-ment,promoting intensive farming of land,promoting agricultural industrialization and agricultural efficiency upgrades.Building objectives and tasks are:constructing three bases,focusing on three main,and strengthen three systems,realize three"obvious".


Census Designated Places (CDPs) are the Rodney Dangerfields of urban geography— they get no respect. The public does not understand them and researchers often overlook CDPs because they are seen as census-derived statistical artifacts as opposed to "real" places. Yet a CDP is a residential concentration whose population sees itself as belonging to a specific place, even if the place is not an official city. 2 In that sense, a CDP is a real place and their formation and growth warrant some analysis.


Today's mobile Internet service portals offer thousands of services and mobile devices can host plenty of applications, documents and web URLs. Hence, for average mobile users there is an increasing cognitive burden in finding the most appropriate service among the many available. On the other hand, methodologies such as bookmarks and resource tagging require a great arranging effort to handle increasing resources. To help mobile users in managing and using this personal information space, new levels of granularity should be introduced in the organization of services, together with some degree of self-awareness. This paper proposes a situation-aware service recommender that helps locating services proactively. In the recommender, a semantic layer determines one or more user current situations by using domain knowledge expressed in terms of ontology and semantic rules. A fuzzy inference layer manages the vagueness of some contextual condition of these rules and outputs an uncertainty degree for each situation. Based on this degree, the recommender proposes a set of specific resources.


A considerable number of representatives of Neomys anomalus Cabrera, 1907, with coloured marks on the belly (50%) occured in 1983 in the Bialowieza Primeval Forest.


The application of object-oriented technology in potash control system use classes to abstractly represent control devices, define a structure for each type of equipment and encapsulate the device object with a custom command, which improves the efficiency and the maintainability of the system.


Providing the population with high-quality and affordable medical care is an important and priority area of healthcare in Uzbekistan The planned dissertation work is devoted to the development and improvement of diagnostic and rehabilitation measures taking into account risk factors, clinical course and differential diagnosis of this pathology The data obtained during the study lead to an improvement in the quality of life of patients with this pathology This determines the priority areas of research and development in the Republic


Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) are being required to be used in more and more complex situations with larger payloads for extended periods of time. Increasing the expectations and operating ceiling requires increased amounts fuel, that thus limits the potential payloads. This dichotomy has led to the quest for more fuel efficient UAVs; however, when designs are improved then their expectations are increased further. In manned aircraft this can be achieved by in-flight re-fuelling. This research is focused on the process of re-fuelling a UAV at low speeds and the aerodynamics considerations and problems it potentially brings. Practical conclusions to these concerns are addressed and recommendations for future research are identified.


OF THESIS PARENTAL PERCEPTIONS OF NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF CHILDREN WITH AUTISM Literature shows that nutritional deficiency and feeding behaviors in neurodevelopmentally disabled children is secondary to an underdeveloped gastrointestinal tract. Fifty (50) parents with children with autism responded to a Nutritional Perception Assessment that they believe their children are at adequate nutritional status. They reported confidence in their nutritional knowledge, yet admitted to concern about the nutritional status of their children. The survey revealed that parents are not seeing a registered dietitian for their nutritional advice, leading to the question of soundness in nutritional information received. A marginal correlation was found between belief in adequate nutritional status of children and the use of credible sources for nutritional information, p=0.0429. Data from twenty-five 24-hour recalls was entered into the MyPyramid Food Tracker to determine nutritional status, which was compared to Daily Recommended Intakes (DRIs), showing adequate nutrient consumption.


There is a small river in my hometown,it's called xiu he ,it goes through the village.the land by the river is covered with grass.


Background:Exercise-induced coronary spasm is occasionally recognized in patients with variant angina, but the patterns of exercise-induced coronary spasm and its relation to clinical features are still not clear. Methods:Eight consecutive patients with variant angina without significant stenosis of the coronary artery performed serial treadmill exercise tests during early morning, late morning, and in the afternoon. The subjects repeated the tests after administration of atropine and doxazosin or phentolamine. Results:(Upon drug administration, anginal episodes with ST-segment changes (elevation 5, depression 1 Occurred repeatedly in 6 of the 8 patients during early morning;the episodes occurred in only 2 patients during the afternoon exercise test. Four patients showed exercise-induced angina and ST-segment changes during early morning but not in the afternoon, and 2 of them showed mild episodes of exercise-induced angina and ST-segment changes during late morning. Three of the four patients had the characteristic clinical history of angina in early morning during usual activities but not during daytime activities despite the activities being more strenuous. Another 2 patients showed both exercise-induced ST-segment elevation and angina in early morning and afternoon, and they had the characteristic history of more episodes at night and in early morning but only occasionally in the daytime with or without relation to activity. One of the two patients showed intermittent STsegment elevation during the exercise test. The other two patients had exercise-induced episodes neither in the early morning nor in the afternoon; they had a characteristic history of episodes only at night during sleep but never in the early morning nor in the daytime. * 본 연구는 원광대학교 교내 연구비의 보조로 이루어짐. 교신저자:박양규 570-711 전북 익산시 신용동 344-2 전화 (0653 850-1055 전송 (0653 52-8480


The primary structure of winter-wheat-bran antifreeze protein(TaAFP) is the foundation of its higher structure and functionality.Hence,the primary structure of TaAFP was determined by the combination of N-terminal sequencing and mass fingerprint overlapping analysis.The molecular weight of TaAFP was 13637.711 Da determined by MALDI-TOF-MS analysis,similar to that from SDS-PAGE analysis.TaAFP was cleaved by trypsin,hydroxylamine,and chymotrypsin,respectively.The cleaved peptides were further analyzed and connected to acquire its primary structure as MARKVIALAFLLLLTISLSKSNAARVKYNGGESGGGGGGGGGGGGGGNGSGSGSGYGYNYGKGGGQSGGGQGGGGGGGGGGGSNGSGSGSGYGYGYGQGNGGAQGQGSGGGGGGGGGGGGGGSGQGSGSGYGYGYGKGGGGGGGGGGDGGGGGGGGSAYVGRHE,with overlap rate of 100 %.Homogeneity analysis showed TaAFP was related with the cellular wall and cold resistance.


Front Cover: Site O45.1 looking east. Kilns 2 and 3 are clearly visible in the centre of the photograph. "Kiln 4" is to the south of "Kiln 2" and "Kiln 6" is visible at the extreme south where the boundary wall runs up to it. Part of the potter's workshop can be seen at the extreme bottom left. [s. unten Abb. 2000-2/024] Rear Cover: Clay mould (find no. 30547) for making a faience cartouche of the early name of the Aten.


Currently, 90% of Indonesian small scale agribusiness actors arebeing faced to the global market era. They are also facing a fast growthrate of global market and the market segmentation phenomenon whichexpects positive changes and adaptations in the agricultural supply chain.The method that used in this study is case study. The study location wasbeing selected based on its potential of horticulture product.The study showed that currently the traders have changed theirbusiness pattern from a "pure business" to a business which relies more onthe partnership with the farmers. This phenomenon was being emerged bythe consumer demand which expects the continuity of supply.From the "Social Business" aspect point of view, generally thetraders do the partnership system because of their needs of continuity ofsupply from the farmers, not based on helping the farmers. The result ofweighting showed the total score placed between 28-32,5 which means itcan be categorized as a semi-social business.Overall, the study showed that currently the changes are happeningin the traders business pattern, thus, it gives hopes to the agriculturaldevelopment in Indonesia especially for horticulture products of smallscale stakeholders.Keywords: Global market, traders, horticulture, social business.


Partial gas discrimination is challenging because low and high gas saturation can result in very similar Amplitude Variation with Offset (AVO) responses. With AVO synthetics generated on the basis of rock-property models for brine, gas, and fizz reservoirs, we applied a new pattern recognition algorithm called Support Vector Machines (SVM) to classify the AVO attributes. The SVM classification of AVO attributes suggests that it is possible to discriminate fizz from gas, and that certain variations of density and velocity from calibration location contribute more other variations in defining the fizz and gas boundary.


N,N′-(Methylenedi-4,1-phenylene)bis(phosphoramidic acid) tetraphenyl ester (PNBTE), a flame retardant with high thermal stability, was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis (EA), mass spectrometry (MS), infrared spectroscopy (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). The thermal properties of PNBTE were evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The solubilities of PNBTE in selected solvents were measured by a gravimetric method. The experimental data were correlated with Wilson, nonrandom two-liquid (NRTL), and universal quasichemical (UNIQUAC) equations. The calculated results showed good agreement with the experimental data. The solubility parameter of PNBTE was estimated by the Scatchard–Hildebrand model; meanwhile, the dissolution enthalpy and entropy, and molar Gibbs energy of PNBTE in the selected solvents are also calculated by the van't Hoff equation.


Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) is a neurodegenerative disorders characterised by a kinetic-rigid syndrome with ocular motor dysfunction, postural instability, and frontal lobe and bulbar dysfunction. In most of the cases, especially at early disease stages, diagnosis is still challenging. PSP signs and symptoms may indeed overlap with both dementing neurodegenerative syndromes and movement disorders. In the last few years, a better definition of clinical picture along with the identification of biological and neuroimaging markers have increased diagnostic accuracy. In the present work, we reviewed the current literature on PSP diagnosis and the usefulness of potential diagnostic markers.


Photon upconversion of oxides nanomaterials have attracted broad attentions on account of their high stability and cost‐effective fabrication process. However, the relative low emission intensity caused by nonradiative decay severely limits their applications. Here, a new strategy to enhance upconversion emission of oxides through vanadium sensitization is reported, in which efficient emissions can be achieved via Yb–VO43− dimer‐mediated energy migration for a wide range of lanthanide activators (including Er, Tm, Ho, Eu, and Nd) in Yb3Al5O12 system. Interestingly, the resulting oxide nanocrystals demonstrate remarkable upconversion enhancement compared with their vanadium‐undoped counterparts, for example, an enhancement factor of 580 is reached for green emission of Er. More importantly, efficient upconversion luminescence can be realized for the activators (such as Eu and Nd ions) without long‐lived intermediary energy states. Considering the demonstration of in vivo bioimaging by using these nanocrystals after surface modification, it is anticipated that these results can bring new opportunities to oxide upconversion nanomaterials in bioassay, therapy, sensing, and other aspects.


Summary In this paper we deal with integrals whose integrand has a rapidly oscillating zeroorder Bessel function of the flrst kind with real parameters in its argument which can become large. We introduce and tabulate model integrals which depend on a single parameter, which can determine the behavior of the original integral near the zeros of the argument of the Bessel function. As an example of the uniform asymptotic analysis, we evaluate the multi-parameter integral which arises in the solution of the transition problem for an accelerating moving load on an elastically supported inflnite string. Asymptotic predictions are compared with the results obtained by direct numerical integration.


The BMA has said it will consider withdrawing all labour bar an emergency service as a form of industrial action to oppose the government's planned changes to the NHS pension scheme.

Speaking at the BMA's annual UK consultants conference, chairman of the consultants committee Mark Porter stated that the union's council has not ruled out polling doctors on providing an emergency only service when it holds a ballot on industrial action.

The government has proposed ending final salary pensions for NHS staff in favour …


Economic, political and military axis, the Danube is 'one of our ethnic parts of the territory' (after Benea, 2009, p.23). The Romanian Danube Valley lies on 38% of the total lenght of the River and has two important tourism sectors: Delta and the Iron Gate Gorge which are suitable for cruises, water sports and ecotourism development. This study is aimed to evaluate the level at which the Romanian towns-port are suitable for tourism and, at the same time, in what extent they can be touristic point of view put in value. The evaluation of tourism potential is made based on bonitation method used by PATN and Ministry of Agriculture for natural and man made resources, on the demographic characteristics of urban population, on the tourism demand and offer. The results are revealing a concentration of the tourism heritage in two sectors and in several hotspots which overlap with towns, monasteries or fortresses, fact proving, once more, the opportunity to create ''sophisticated'' tourism products on the entire Romanian Danube sector.


Objective To study the mechanisms of bezafibrate reverse hypertriglyceridema serum(HTS) down-regulating the endithelial nitric oxide synthase(eNOS) expression in cultured primary bovine endothelial cells.Methods Based on the past results that HTS could down-regulate eNOS protein expression in cultured primary bovine endothelial cells,the effect of bezafibrate on the HTS down-regulating eNOS protein expression were detected by Western blot.Then the singal pathways were investigated by Western blot.Result Bezafibrate could attenuate the down-regulation effect of HTS on eNOS protein expression completely.Then these effects could be blocked by PPARα antagonist,PI3K,MAPKK and MAPK inhibitor.Conclusion Bezafibrate could attenuate the down-regulation effect of HTS on eNOS protein expression completely through PPARα dependent pathway and PPARα independent PI3K,MAPK and MAPKK pathways.


A new perspective on Paul has challenged traditional views of Galatians and justification by faith. Has the new perspective made it impossible to preach "the truth of the gospel"? In Paul's words, "Certainly not!"


The brain can be damaged by a wide range of conditions including infections, hypoxia, poisoning, stroke, chronic degenerative disease and acute trauma. Some of the most problematic forms of brain damage are those associated with chronic neurodegenerative diseases or acute brain trauma as a result of contusive or penetrating injury. In these cases, damage results in the loss of specific populations of neurons and the development of defined psychiatric or neurological symptoms. Current treatments for these problems are designed to pharmacologically modify disease symptoms; however, no therapies are yet available that fully restores lost function or slow ongoing neurodegeneration in the brain. Many promising therapies with growth factors has been implicated in brain regeneration, repair and neuroprotection in the central nervous system produced interesting results, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (Spuch et al. 2010) brain derived growth factor (BDNF) (Malik et al., 2010) or nerve growth factor (NGF) (Sharma. 2010). However, the critical problem is the way to deliver, in a continuous and localized manner, and more important is to supply physiological amounts of growth factors into focus damage of the brain tissue. One interesting approach is cell encapsulation, in which engineered somatic cells are protected against immune cell mediated and antibody-mediated rejection through immobilization in a polymer matrix surrounded by a semipermeable membrane. The latter regulates the bidirectional diffusion of nutrients, allowing the controlled and continuous delivery of therapeutic proteins in the absent of immunosupression in the proper concentration and localization. Encapsulated cells offer enormous potential for the treatment of human disease. Many attempts have been made to prevent the rejection of transplanted cells by the immune system. Cell encapsulation is promising machinery for cell transplantation and new materials and approaches were developed to encapsulate various types of cells to treat a wide range of diseases. Cell microencapsulation holds promise for the treatment of many diseases by the continuous delivery of therapeutic products. The complexity of many neurological diseases needs the developing of new drugs and especially new pathways to deliver the drug at proper concentration and into the correct localization. One critical problem is the way to deliver, in a continuous and localized manner, physiological amounts of drugs. One


A simple partitioning scheme was used to assess the partitioning and behaviour of copper, cadmium, iron, lead and manganese within the surface waters and sediments of the River Yare, Norfolk, UK, following the discharge of final effluent to the water course from municipal sewage treatment works (STW). Sewage effluent discharges were shown to increase metal concentrations and complexation capacities in receiving waters, but the tidal nature of the river meant that surface water monitoring could not accurately pinpoint the contamination source or the main metal partitioning trends. Sediments formed a more stable base on which to perform contaminant studies: these revealed that metals discharged from the STW rapidly accumulated in bottom deposits in relative stable chemical forms.


: Recently, in the development for piezoelectric and ferroelectric devices, the characterization method for nano-scale structure such as a ferroelectric domain and ferroelectric domain boundary (FeDB) has been important. The ultrasonic atomic force microscopy (UAFM) is expected to have the potential of elasticity characterization on the ferroelectric domain with nano-scale spatial resolution. In this work, it is demonstrated using lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramics. The UAFM characterized the spatial variation in the stiffness on the domain with the size from a few tens to a few hundreds of nanometers. Moreover, the high resolution imaging using a resonance frequency tracking circuit imaged the softening at the FeDB. This phenomenon may affect the piezoelectricity of PZT and the easy mobility of the FeDB under the stress and the electric field, which are important for actuator applications and high-speed writing memory applications. The potential of the UAFM is also applicable to the detection for nano-scale subsurface defects in a substrate for electronic devices.


We provide evidence that ex ante misvaluation matters for merger activities in the UK 1986–2002 using a sample of 302 bidders and targets. Sector or long-run misvaluation causes merger firms to be more overvalued than nonmerger firms. Acquirers are overvalued absolutely and relative to targets which are themselves absolutely undervalued. Bidders use mergers to purchase the superior long-term growth prospects of targets. Finally our probit regression results provide evidence that misvaluation drives merger waves in the UK.


The invention relates to a planetary gear (10) comprising at least one planetary stage (20) with a ring gear (16) in a ring gear carrier (18). The ring gear (18) is connected on both sides axially with a respective housing component (12, 14). The planetary gear (10) also includes a plurality of support arms (22) for supporting the planetary gear (10). According to the invention, the planetary gear (10) has at least three support arms (22).


Accurate predictions of the amount and the rate of long- term deformation of reinforced soils under an applied load are important key issue in geotechnical engineering, in which the deformation of soil develops with time at a state of constant effective stress. Since geosynthetic is generally considered creep sensitive therefore, evaluation of creep behavior of geosynthetic reinforced soil (GRS) is necessary. In this study, to investigate the effect of reinforcing on the creep behavior of sandy clay soil, experimental tests on soil creep of reinforced sandy clay soil with geotextile yarn in one dimensional consolidation test are conducted anddata analysis is explained based on relationship of the change in void ratio (∆e) and coefficient of secondary compression (Cα). Test results indicate that in reinforced water saturated samples with geotextile yarn, with increasing the percent of geotextile yarn creep, deformation decreases and time required for beginning the creep deformation increases.


The term 'primary health care' is commonly used interchangeably with 'primary care'. However, strictly speaking, primary health care is a strategy of public health, derived from the social model of health and sustained by the Declaration of Alma Alta, which was jointly sponsored by the World Health Organisation and UNICEF in 1979. Primary health care services confront the social, political, environmental and economic determinants of health and play an important role in dismantling barriers to health and health care and addressing health disparities (McDonald et al, 2007).


The risk represents probability for activation of certain geological processes, i.e. processes in geological area provoked from technical activity, including material damages and human victims. The hazard represents probability for activation of certain geological or process in geological area provoked from technical activity, including its intensity and scope. During risk assessment should take into consideration the fact that it is necessary to analyze the potential risks in future. The proper approach for risk management is reducing the risk level, if it's economically and commercial practicable. This paper includes risks assessment and the protection measures on the express road direction A3, section Ohrid – Peshtani and all necessary investigation works performed in order to obtain geotechnical features of the present soil materials and rock formations, essential for the presented analysis.


The existence and use of culture depends upon an ability possessed by humans alone. This ability has been called variously the capacity for rational or abstract thought, but a good case has been made for rational behaviour among subhuman animals, and the meaning of abstract is not sufficiently explicit or precise. The term symboling has been proposed as a more suitable name for the unique mental ability of humans, consisting of assigning to things and events certain meanings that cannot be grasped with the senses alone. Articulate speech—language—is a good example. The meaning of the word dog is not inherent in the sounds themselves; it is assigned,freely and arbitrarily, to the sounds by human beings. Holy water, "biting one's thumb" at someone (Romeo and Juliet, Act I, scene 1), or fetishes are other examples.Symboling is a kind of behaviour objectively definable and should not be confused with symbolizing, which has an entirely different meaning.


Abstract A new EU global strategy is being formed, as opposed to the European Security Strategy, which no longer corresponds to the geopolitical environment. In accordance with the evolution of security threats at the basis of the Global Strategy, the trends of ensuring unity within the EU and its global leadership, as well as strengthening the EU's defence capabilities and changing its security approaches are now becoming of vital importance. It is the security structural transformations that currently pose the task of geopolitical repositioning to international actors in the global security system. In the conditions of such restructuring, the role of the EU in resolving international conflicts is given a special place. It is obvious that its classic approaches to conflict resolution have lost their perspective.


In this paper,the deformation of HSST(high speed surface transport) maglev vehicles' suspension electromagnet and the change of electromagnetic levitation force were analyzed by using the analytical solution.According to the analysis,the improvement of the electromagnet was proposed.In order to acquire accurate calculation results of levitation force and deformation about electromagnet,FEM(finite element method)was applied.Simulation results verify that the improved suspension electromagnet working can provide greater lift-to-weight ratio and smaller deformation.


: Existing water quality for the Middle Delaware Scenic and Recreational River is significantly better than is required by current standards, leaving a potential for degradation. A method is presented for deriving candidate antidegradation water quality criteria for this segment of the Delaware River using statistical analysis of historic (ambient) water quality data. Data for 34 water quality parameters are first evaluated for data density, serial correlation, trend, seasonality, and other factors. These preliminary analyses are based on observation of data plots and application of distribution-free statistical techniques that are insensitive to outliers and are robust to relatively mild violations of basic assumptions. Data for 12 of the parameters have sufficient density for further analysis and can reasonably be modeled as independent and identically distributed over time (either seasonally or for the entire data sets). For these 12 parameters, distribution-free statistical methods are developed and used to derive intervals within which there is high confidence (usually greater than 95 percent) that the quantiles with potential use as anti-degradation criteria (the 0.85th, 0.90th, and 0.95th quantiles in this study) for a particular parameter lie.


As critical dimensions and exposure wavelengths approach the physical limitations of optical lithography, the use of newer techniques such as Embedded Attenuating Phase Shift Masks become necessary to extend the viability of DUV lithographic tools. One of the more common EAPSM materials is MoSi and its analogues. Current MoSi processes are challenged to meet future requirements of improved CD and phase uniformity, vertical profiles, and reduced Quartz substrate damage. To this end, a Next Generation ICP (Inductively Coupled Plasma) hardware configuration has been adopted with improved plasma uniformity and larger process window. In this article, a description and a performance characterization of this new ICP source and Chamber Fixturing Hardware is presented. Additionally, the MoSi plasma etch parameter space is explored utilizing Design of Experiments and preliminary process optimization is offered. Finally, process results including etch rate uniformity, CD uniformity, and sidewall profiles are discussed.


The fast moving world and its productive space entered into new reality in 21st century with many colours and landscape. The classic debate on space, colonial exploitation, power and resources have gained new dimension in its process of development. After world war (first and second) our planet earth reorganized in different way, which generated entirely new dimension in its socio-economic-cultural and political space in contemporary societies. At global level emerging exploitative reality attracted leaders and policy makers to look into the matter of inequality among different nations and to some extent its ideological explanation. Most of the anti colonial discourses are our strength in knowing about its possible interpretations. The concept of Abstract


Integral image projection, computed by summing pixel rows or columns, is one of the standard tools used in computer vision algorithms for image analysis. We propose methods of reducing the complexity of image projection computation. The algorithm skips some pixels during pixel-by-pixel scanning, while preserving the resolution of original image projections. The approximated or "sparse "projections can replace the standard projections in any image processing algorithm, enabling low-cost solutions. Particularly, we consider projection-based dominant motion estimation in video and confirm the method's effectiveness by experimental results. Some variants of sparse projections can be applied directly to Colour Filter Array (CFA) images, thus allowing the algorithm to obtain high-level information on camera motion at the lowest level stage in the image processing pipeline.