In view of the low drilling efficiency of elastic-plastic dense mudstone in more than 400 meters of holes in north-situ leaching sandstone-type uranium deposits,research test was made on bit to improve the situation.104 mm octagonal step rib bit was chosen for soft elastic-plastic dense smooth reddish brown and light green mudstone;104 mm octagonal step rib bit was chosen for soft elastic-plastic dense gray mudstone;104 mm staggered round flake PDC bit was chosen for brittle-plastic high dense black gray mudstone;104 mm staggered round flake PDC bit was chosen for brittle-plastic high dense white mudstone;and 104 mm tooth shape PDC bit was chosen for hard-plastic high dense mudstone.


Phenotypic models of selection are used to predict the ESS (evolutionarily stable strategy) allocation to pollen, seeds and pollination mechanisms (corolla, etc.) as a function of the frequency of self-fertilization in plants with different modes of self-fertilization. The results show that: (1) As autogamous self-fertilization increases, the ESS allocation to seeds increases and the allocations to pollen and pollination mechanisms simultaneously decrease. (2) Whether or not there is any allocation to pollination mechanisms with 100% selfing depends on whether self-pollination requires the activity of pollinators or occurs autonomously. (3) The best measure of the importance of self-fertilization is the proportion of adults derived from selfing. (4) If any autogamy occurs, the allocations to pollen and seeds are not equivalent to those to male and female functions. (5) Self-fertilization is not a special case of local mate competition. (6) Geitonogamous self-fertilization requires the same structures as outcrossing and has little effect on allocations. The models can explain the allocation patterns and high fruit set commonly associated with self-fertilization and they suggest further types of data that should be collected. Key-words: Allocations, self-fertilization, sexual strategies, plants, pollen, seeds, pollination


Animations have become increasingly realistic with the evolution of Computer Graphics (CG). In particular, human models and behaviors have been represented through animated virtual humans. Gender is a characteristic related to human identification, so virtual humans assigned to a specific gender have, in general, stereotyped representations through movements, clothes, hair, and colors in order to be understood by users as desired by designers. An important area of study is determining whether participants' perceptions change depending on how a virtual human is visually presented. Findings in this area can help the industry guide the modeling and animation of virtual humans to deliver the expected impact to the public. In this paper, we reproduce using an animated CG baby, a previous perceptual study conducted in real life aimed to assess gender bias about a baby. Our research indicates that simply textually reporting a virtual human's gender may be sufficient to create a perception of gender that affects the participant's emotional response so that stereotyped behaviors can be avoided.


The work is devoted to the estimation of the intensity and energy of solar radiation at the earth's surface. The aim of the research is to develop a mathematical model of solar radiation, necessary for the design of devices for renewable energy, as well as in the design and construction of buildings and structures. The mathematical model of solar radiation is realized in the Python code. The program code allows you to calculate the intensity of solar radiation and solar insolation on any day of the year. The model is verified by the results of experimental studies of solar radiation in the Odessa region and by the results of our own experimental data.


It aims to describe how jigsaw technique is implemented in teaching reading to the eighth year students of SMP Negeri 2 Ngronggot and to describe the students' responses of teaching reading using jigsaw technique to eight year students of SMP Negeri 2 Ngronggot. The focus of this research is VIII E class in the first semester 2016/2017 academic years. The method used in this research is qualitative. Case study is used as the design of this research which studied about the implementation of Jigsaw technique. The data were collected by using observation checklist, interview and documentation. Observation checklist is used to know the implementation process of jigsaw technique. Then, interview is used to know the students responses to the technique used by the teacher. Last, documentation is used to collect the teacher's lesson plan. From these observation and interview, the writer found the result that the process of teaching reading using Jigsaw technique was not simple, because jigsaw needs preparations and steps orderly but it was proper technique that could be used to teach reading because jigsaw technique could motivate students in studying reading because based on the students interview most of student interest when jigsaw is implemented to learn about English especially in reading skill by engaging them to work in group. Then, the responses of the students were positive; they did not feel disappointed after teaching reading using Jigsaw technique. From those results, the writer can suggest to the English teacher that he should look for better techniques to teach the target language, especially in teaching reading like Jigsaw technique. In addition, the students also have to motivate themselves in joining English class, especially in reading activity. To other writers, it is hoped that they can conduct the better research by investigating the other kinds of skills that can be applied Jigsaw technique.


In order to remedy a defect found by Field and Shepley of Lifshitz's relativistic theory for the gravitational instability in an expanding universe, a ,~lew' approach to the density per turbation mode is proposed: The defect lies in the fact that one solution of the third order differential equation derived by us for the density contrast K=oE/Eo has no physical meaning, where Eo is the unperturbed density of matter and radiation. The essense of our approach is to adopt the Lagrangian coordinate condition which assures the comoving natllre of coor dinates even in the perturbed state, in place of Lifshitz's condition which becomes the former condition only when po (the unperturbed pressure of matter and radiation) vanishes. It is shown that the differential equation for K is of the second order even when Po=Eo/3 and is ,reduced to Bonnor's Newtonian equation when Po=O., It is showli further that, under some favorable condition, the growth rate of K is the highest at the stage Po=Eo/3, i.e. Koct which does not necessarily hold in Lifshitz's original theory, where t is the cosmic time. We have also examined how the density perturbation depends, sensitively on our sele~tion of coordinate conditions by picking up another coordinate condition. In a previous paper,I) we have reformulated Lifshitz's relativistic theqrl) for the gravitational instability in an expanding universe in such a way that the rewritten formalism permits us to make a full comparison with Bonnor's3) ap proach based on the Newtonian cosmology. \7V e have performed the reformula tion by deriving the differential equation for' the density contrast K==o E/ Eo (Eo is the unperturbed density of matter and radiation), which is of the third order in general, but is reduced to Bonnor's equation of the second order in the case of dust-filled world models. Recently, Field and Shepley4) have studied the same problem by showing that one of three independent solutions for K (in: the case of world mod~ls with finite pressure) is not covariantly defined in the sense . that it can be eliminated by a suitable infinitesimal transformation of coordinates. This suggests us that Lifshitz's coordinate condition hOi = 0 for the metric ,pertur bation hij=ogiJ: is unsuitable except in the case of dust-filled world models. Here the eoor,dinates Xi = (XO; x a ) = (ct; r, 0, cp) are the comoving ones such that


Prescribing in older persons is complex and involves greater risk of drug-related harm. Prescribing appropriate anticoagulation balancing thromboembolic versus bleeding risk is essential with consideration to multiple comorbidities and polypharmacy. 27% of adults were prescribed inappropriate anticoagulation dosing in the GARFIELD-AF study. The Health Service Executive provides guidelines under the medicines management programme on prescribing anticoagulation treatment. The European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) published an updated practical guide on the use of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants in patients with atrial fibrillation in 2021.

 A point prevalence audit was carried out in a community hospital rehabilitation unit, including all inpatients receiving oral anticoagulants (OAC). The data collected included: age, OAC prescribed, dose, documentation of indication, length of treatment, if a reduced dose was prescribed and reason why, creatinine clearance and reason for co-prescribing of an antiplatelet agent. Results were collected, analysed, and compared with the above guidelines.

 25 inpatients were included. 9 were on an OAC (36%). All patients were 70 years or over. DOACs were prescribed in 7 patients and warfarin in 2. All patients had a prescribing indication documented. All patients had an appropriate treatment duration documented. 3 OAC users were on a reduced dose, all of whom had an indication for a reduced dose documented. 1 patient was on medications with a documented drug–drug interaction. Only 3 patients had their creatinine clearance documented. No inpatients were co-prescribed an antiplatelet agent.

 Creatinine clearance is an important factor in prescribing of OAC and must be documented. Interventions to improve documentation of creatinine clearance will be explored and implemented. Consideration to drug–drug interactions in older patients with polypharmacy requires a multidisciplinary approach including pharmacy input.


Article history: Received 15 February 2011 Received in revised form 2 September 2011 Accepted 6 September 2011 Available online 2 October 2011 Much is written regarding the associations between human intelligence and cognition. However, it is unusual to find comprehensive studies. Here twenty four measures tapping eight cognitive abilities and skills are considered for assessing a sample of one hundred and eighty five young adults. The simultaneous relationships among fluid, crystallized, and spatial intelligence, along with short-term memory, working memory capacity, executive updating, attention, and processing speed are analyzed using a latent-variable approach. The key findings show that (a) short-term storage, working memory, and updating are hardly distinguishable, and (b) fluid intelligence is near-perfectly correlated with these three cognitive functions. It is concluded that this nuclear intelligence component can be largely identified with basic and general short-term storage processes, namely, encoding, maintenance, and retrieval. © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.


A two-dimensional unsteady, inviscid flow solver has been developed for the simulation of airfoil-vortex interactions on unstructured dynamically adapted meshes. The Euler solver is based on a second-order accurate implicit time integration using a point Gauss-Seidel relaxation scheme and a dual time-step subiteration. A vertex-centered, finite-volume discretization is used in conjunction with the Roe`s flux-difference splitting. An unsteady solution-adaptive dynamic mesh scheme is used by adding and deleting mesh points to take account of both spatial and temporal variations of the flow field. The effect of vortex interaction on the aeroelastic displacement of an airfoil attached to the idealized two degree-of-freedom spring system is investigated.


This paper introduces a new possible solution to the problem of manoeuvre planning for marine vehicles. This proposal is based on the use of a new swarm algorithm called Ant Colony Extended, a new kind of ant algorithm derived from Ant Colony Optimisation. This algorithm allows to include the vehicle's model in the planning so the solutions obtained are always feasible. This approach was tested on different manoeuvre scenarios. For all of them the algorithm was able to obtain good solutions.


For the sake of improving the efficiency of safety management,work safety problems existing in the work process of oil and gas companies were discussed from the viewpoint of system engineering theory and method.Firstly,work safety system in oil and gas companies and its environment were defined and identified by CATWOE soft systems methodology,and on the basis of which,a WSR model for work safety in oil and gas companies was built.Analyzing the model from the perspective of Wuli,Shili and Renli shows that the work safety system in oil and gas companies is an open complex system,and that making a good job of work safety requires not only paying attention to studying and obeying the laws of work safety in oil and gas companies(namely Wuli) and to strengthening safety management of work activities in oil and gas companies(namely Shili),but also regulating personnel behavior towards work safety by means of laws,policies and others.


To the Editor.— In our paper "Health, Normality, and the Ghost of Gauss" ( JAMA 211 :69-75, 1970), we commented that our routine laboratory records contained a larger percentage of hospitalized patients than one would expect from an outpatient clinic. We commented further that we did not know, for any of the seven tests, what that percentage was, or what the effect on the "normal values" as estimated by the Hoffmann method would be. Gambino and McLendon have both commented in letters to the Editor on the importance of eliminating hospitalized patients. Recently we have been able to determine that, of the 3,141 electrophoresis records originally used, 13% were from hospitalized patients. Of the total 3,141 we had found 2.7% and 3.2% of the laboratory protein values misclassified as low and high "Hoffmann false-negative"; for total protein these percentages were 17.8% and 0.8%. In applying the Hoffmann method to the 2,747


(57) [summary] The present invention is a myopia, hyperopia, for correcting vision disorders such as astigmatism and presbyopia Fakikku intraocular lens (IOL). The lens is formed of a resilient material having a biological adaptability of silicones. Lens further, either protrude from the front surface of the lens, surrounding the lens, one or more annular surface which is in contact with the iris is provided when embedded in the eye. When the iris is to expand and contract, contact the iris exerts a centering force to transplant lens. Lens to float the rear intracameral is not in contact with the lens of the eye, not traumatized or abrasions on the surrounding tissue.


The quality of teaching and learning mathematics has been one of the major challenges and concern of the educators. Mathematics is often considered as a subject that a student either understand or doesn"t, with little in between. In reality, mathematics comprises of wide variety of skills and concepts. Mathematics education should enable engineering students to communicate their ideas in an unambiguous and understandable way and should equip themselves with the analytical skills as practicing engineers. It is a collection of tools that can be used to solve certain well-defined problems. Mathematical thinking and modeling give engineers the ability to approach new problems with confidence. There are around 570 engineering colleges in Tamil Nadu where students show their aversion in learning mathematics and they learn this subject without interest. More number of arrears is kept in this subject compared to other subjects. Students fail to understand the seriousness of this subject. This paper analyses the various causes for the aversion by the engineering students in learning mathematics given by the teachers using Fuzzy Cognitive Map (FCM) model.


Indigo carmine (IC) is an organic dye which is employed as a redox indicator and as a mediator compound in biological redox systems [1], It is our intention to show in this paper that there exists a monomer-dimer equilibrium for this dye in diluted aqueous solutions. The presence of this equilibrium complicates the determination of IC-concentrations in solution and the evaluation of kinetic parameters for the redox process in the system. For other organic dyes the formation of aggregation complexes in aqueous solutions has been reported before [2


At 800,850,900℃ and 950 ℃,effects of Low Angle grain Boundaries(LABs) on the tensile properties of the second generation single crystal superalloy DD6 were investigated,and the test specimens were prepared by using two seeds.LABs had more influence on the elongation of the alloy.At 850℃,the elongation of the alloy with LABs was the highest,and the decreasing tendency of elongation was obvious with temperature increasing at the temperature higher than 850℃.The effect of LABs on the strength was less,and the strengths were comparative with each other at the condition of the same temperature except the specimen with the misorientation higher than about 9°.Decrease in tensile property results from that the strength of LABs decreased with temperature or misorientation increasing so that the LABs became a weak link.


The present invention provides a fast rerouting method through Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching (GMPLS). The method performs fast rerouting through when a failure occurs on a link and node in an optical network having a plurality of nodes. In the fast rerouting method, current node of the optical network receives the path message for label request from a higher node thereof and establish the main LSP. Further, the current node calculates a detour path therefrom to a next but one node thereof so as to provide against a failure of the next node. Further, if it is checked that the Loss Of Light (LOL) occurs in the current node, the current node establishes the detour path to allow data to flow through the calculated detour path.


The microstructure of Sn-Ag-based solders undergoes continuous evolution during service due to isothermal and strain-enhanced aging. The precipitate particle size and interparticle spacing increase during service, resulting in the evolution of mechanical properties. In the accompanying paper (Part I), the effects of thermal-mechanical history on the microstructure and creep behavior of Sn-3Ag-0.5Cu and Sn-1Ag-0.5Cu were studied experimentally. The creep response of solders under all microstructural conditions follows a power law, with the stress exponent and activation energy being independent of composition and microstructural condition. However, the preexponent depends on the alloy composition and thermal/mechanical history, and is related to the precipitate size (or spacing) within the eutectic. The solder creep rate increased linearly with increasing particle size for the solder with higher alloy content (e.g., Sn-3Ag-0.5Cu) but nonlinearly for the solder with lower alloy content (Sn-1Ag-0.5Cu). In this paper, a composite model for creep of solders, explicitly accounting for both the eutectic and proeutectic constituents of the microstructure, is developed to rationalize this experimental observation. The creep rate of the eutectic microconstituent is proportional to the precipitate size. Hence in Sn-3Ag-0.5Cu, where creep is controlled by the continuous network of eutectic in the microstructure, the creep rate is nominally proportional to the precipitate size. In Sn-1Ag-0.5Cu, where the eutectic is discontinuous and a large proportion of proeutectic β is present, the creep rate increases at a less-than-linear rate with increasing precipitate size. The analytical composite model is shown to predict the creep behaviors of both solders well.


A common denominator in the vast majority of processes in the food industry is refrigeration. Such systems guarantee the quality and the requisites of the final product at the expense of high amounts of energy. In this regard, the new Industry 4.0 framework provides the required data to develop new data-based methodologies to reduce such energy expenditure concern. Focusing in this issue, this paper proposes a data-driven methodology which improves the efficiency of the refrigeration systems acting on the load side. The solution approaches the problem with a novel load management methodology that considers the estimation of the individual load consumption and the necessary robustness to be applicable in highly variable industrial environments. Thus, the refrigeration system efficiency can be enhanced while maintaining the product in the desired conditions. The experimental results of the methodology demonstrate the ability to reduce the electrical consumption of the compressors by 17% as well as a 77% reduction in the operation time of two compressors working in parallel, a fact that enlarges the machines life. Furthermore, these promising savings are obtained without compromising the temperature requirements of each load.


There are several models of quantum computation which exhibit shared fundamental fault-tolerance properties. This article makes commonalities explicit by presenting these different models in a unifying framework based on the ZX calculus. We focus on models of topological fault tolerance - specifically surface codes - including circuit-based, measurement-based and fusion-based quantum computation, as well as the recently introduced model of Floquet codes. We find that all of these models can be viewed as different flavors of the same underlying stabilizer fault-tolerance structure, and sustain this through a set of local equivalence transformations which allow mapping between flavors. We anticipate that this unifying perspective will pave the way to transferring progress among the different views of stabilizer fault-tolerance and help researchers familiar with one model easily understand others.


We analyze the symmetry properties of the focal plane distribution when light is focused with an element characterized by a periodic angular dependent phase, sin () or cos (). The majority of wave aberrations can be described using the said phase function. The focal distribution is analytically shown to be a real function at odd values of m, which provides a simple technique for generating designed wave aberrations by means of binary diffractive optical elements. Such a possibility may prove useful in tight focusing, as the presence of definite wave aberrations allows the focal spot size to be decreased. The analytical computations are illustrated by the numerical simulation, which shows that by varying the radial parameters the focal spot configuration can be varied, whereas the central part symmetry is mainly determined by the parity of m: for even the symmetry order is 2m and for odd is m.


Fiber laser is a kind of solid state lasers using optical fiber which enables light amplification by doped rare earth elements in a core of the optical fiber. Yb-doped silica glass fiber is used in a kW-class high power fiber laser system. Yb-doped fiber laser is often used in laser processing, such as printing, marking and metal processing, and therefore, it has become the mainstream in the industrial field. Yb-doped silica fiber laser, however, has a problem of reducing the fiber laser performance due to the photo-darkening (PD) effect. In recent years, many researchers have been researching PD effect. For example, Chavez et al. checked absorption spectra of an Al co-doped Yb fiber in the visible region after high power laser irradiation [1]. They concluded that PD is generated by valence state changes in Yb from Yb3+ to Yb2+.


Abstract This article examines the experiences of adult students during the implementation of recommended adult education practices in a graduate level mathematics methods course for early childhood education teachers. The purpose of the study was to discover what effect the utilisation of adult education teaching strategies had on graduate students who perceived themselves as being uncomfortable with or inadequate in the field of mathematics. The data from the study reveals six major themes surrounding the use of effective teaching practices: (1) the elimination of the fear of mathematics; (2) a higher level of competence in performing mathematical operations; (3) acquisition of a better understanding of mathematical processes; (4) achievement of a higher level of mathematical confidence; (5) acquisition of an ability to foster learning; and (6) the positive effect on students' learning resulting from the techniques modelled by the teacher-educators. Findings indicate that certain recommended adult education teaching strategies may enhance students' development of self-confidence and understanding of mathematical concepts.


We investigate the electronic structure of FeTe(0.6)Se(0.4) employing high resolution photoemission spectroscopy and ab initio band structure calculations. Fe 2p core level and the valence band spectra exhibit signature of strong electron correlation in the electronic structure. The electronic states near the Fermi level reduces in intensity with the decrease in temperature in conformity with the insulating transport observed near 300 K. The observation of an insulator to metal transition around 150 K in the transport properties may be related to the spectral lineshape change in the vicinity of the Fermi level observed in this study. The spectral features near Fermi level exhibit significant p orbital character due to the correlation induced Fe d spectral weight transfer. The experimental spectra reveal dominant temperature dependence of the spectral functions possessing large p-character. These results demonstrate significant renormalization of the character of the conduction electrons due to electron correlation and emphasizes the importance of ligand states in the superconductivity of these materials.


Background: Eugenia uniflora (in guarani: Nangapiry) is a plant known for increasing diuresis and thereby decreasing blood pressure. The aim was to determine the diuretic capacity of E. uniflora extract consumption in wistar rats.
Methods: Experimental study carried out in the Faculty of Medical Sciences in the National University of Asuncion. E. uniflora aqueous extract lyophilized was administered to wistar rats, divided in three groups with doses of 80 mg/kg, 90 mg/kg and control group. Urine sodium concentration tests were performed before and after administration of the extract.
Results: With the 80 mg/kg dose there was a diuretic effect of 0.96, and with 90 mg/kg it was 1.107. Volume measurement indicated a relation of 1.75:1 between the groups with doses of 90 mg/kg. and 80mg/kg., but between basal urine and the one after the administration of the extract in the 90mg/kg. dose the relations is only of 1:1.03. A greater natriuresis was shown in the 90 mg/kg group (35.8 ± 10.83 in mEq/L), higher than 80 mg/kg (9.0±8.9 mEq/L) and the Control group (9.25 ± 4.25 mEq/L).
Conclusion: A dose of 90 mg/kg compared to the 80 mg/kg dose has increased significantly natriuresis, with a greater diuretic activity with a value of 1.1.


Abstract The West Virginia Department of Natural Resources has 25 years of experience in neutralization of acidified streams. Early efforts were on lightly buffered waters that gained most of their acid content from watershed geologic conditions. Research led to a method of treating acid stream flow with limestone aggregate contained in water powered rotating drums (Limestone Drum System). Increased acidification of West Virginia streams by acid precipitation has rekindled research efforts on a problem of larger proportions than that experienced in the late 1950s and 1960s. This paper reviews work on treatment of acidity in natural streams—particularly that dealing with use of the Limestone Drum System. It reports on recent development of a second generation drum that is self-feeding from streamside stored aggregate. The new system's efficiency may permit its application to large streams affected by acid precipitation.


In this work we evolution the morphology and the behavior of the virtual creatures. The morphology is defined by rigid bodies as capsules, cylinders, cones, spheres, or parallelepipeds, and the mass and size may change. The rigid bodies are joined by spherical joints with customizable restrictions of angular limits within a given range in each degree of freedom, so to model any type of rotational joint. The behavior is modeled by an Artificial Neural Network, which receives data from all sensors and transmits the amount of moment of force that must be exerted by each effector, so to induce motion to the creature. Finally, the evolution of morphology and behavior is carried out using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), where each particle encodes the morphology and behavior of one creature. In this way, this paper proposes a co-evolutionary process where the behavior and the morphology of the creatures are defined.


After 2×120 ten thousand t/a chain grate(rotary oxide pellets)being put into operation,rotary kiln ring-forming phenomenon in production occurred frequently,which constrained the improvement of pellet production.Causes for ring formation were found out through analysis of ring material,conditions of the original fuel and process control parameters.With equipment transformation and process perfection,rotary ring circle was delayed and productivity was improved.


V
 2

O
 5

–CeF
 3

catalysts are found to be highly active and selective in theammoxidation of 3-picoline; the catalytic performance isattributed to the formation of CeVO
 4

 as evidenced byXRD.


Purpose: Current study attempts to identify the impact of urban agglomerations on economic growth of cities in Punjab, Pakistan. Additionally the study attempted to identify the non-linearity of urban system in Punjab. The study utilized the district level data collected from secondary sources. For the purpose of estimations the study utilized recursive econometric technique. The results of the study showed that market size, district land area and Govt. policy for agglomeration has a positive and significant impact on urban agglomeration. While district vehicle density and district urbanization level negatively and significantly affect urban agglomeration. Results for urban economic growth regression showed that urban agglomeration positively and significantly affect urban economic growth. The study also supported the  shaped non-linearity of the core-periphery (CP) model in Punjab's urban system.


Between the end of World War I and the outbreak of World War II, Christian and Jewish theologians became preoccupied with heresy. The postwar years saw a revival of two very old rebellions against a present and interventionist version of God: the heresy of Gnosticism, which banished God from the earth and pronounced that earth the creation of an evil "demiurge" or demon, and that of Spinozist pantheism, which made the world and God coextensive with one another. If these heresies had premodern origins, the Weimar theological preoccupation with them was an artifact of modernity, as the rapid transformation of cultural and political life, the decline of tradition, and, most especially, the bloodshed of the Great War forced theologians to inquire about God's will and capacity for intervention. The project of Benjamin Lazier's brilliant book is to explore the meanings of this interwar preoccupation with heresy, both in its interconfessional modes and as it appeared in German Jewish thought. Lazier follows three thinkers in particular —Hans Jonas, Leo Strauss, and Gershom Scholem—and their writings become lenses through which he reconstructs their intellectual, political, and theological worlds. Lazier describes how the preoccupation with heresy effectively became a theological expression of the modern crisis of legitimacy and authority, and a sign of rising doubts about the increasing potential of human artifice. With so much attention recently lavished on Weimar Jewish thought, it is surprising that so little has been said about heresy during this period. Lazier's pathbreaking book demonstrates that even as political life, social thought, and philosophy were radicalized during the Weimar years, so was theology, and those theological transformations cast very long shadows into the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. The new Gnosticism arose through the efforts of Protestant theologians, including the "crisis theologians" Friedrich Gogarten and Karl Barth, who promoted das Evangelium vom fremden Gott, "the gospel of an alien God." Their gospel was a deliberate move away from earlier versions of liberal theology, which had kept God and the world close together and took social progress as a sign of divine approval. In contrast, Spinoza was often celebrated by Catholic theologians whose God, instead of fleeing the natural world, became coextensive Book Reviews


Bioinformatics research has become increasingly important for fields in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. An important question considers how to best engage undergraduate students with bioinformatics topics in the classroom. Students in my upper‐level bioinformatics classroom each chose an unknown gene from the RNA Sequencing data generated from my undergraduate research group. This exposed the students in the class to this commonly used Next Gen Sequencing technique that is not typically accessible to undergraduates. It then allowed the students to each have a unique gene/protein to generate novel bioinformatics data with the techniques that they were learning in the classroom. Each student created an annotated portfolio with figures for the various bioinformatics techniques that they applied to their gene of interest. By employing a workshop approach instead of a largely lecture format for the bioinformatics course, the course remained highly interactive. Students were highly invested in the individual gene that they chose, knowing that the techniques they employed would uncover novel information. All twelve students presented their data in class and three of the students presented their projects at a regional scientific conference. The benefits that the students gained from this approach is coupled to the impact on the professor/principal investigator's research program.


Objective To explore the optimal cut-off point of the glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA_1c) versus fasting plasma glucose(FPG) for screening diabetes(DM),and to validate the current HbA_1c diagnostic criteria from large-scale epidemiological survey.Methods A total of 1330 non-diabetic subjects who participated in health examination in Nanjing were included.All subjects underwent standardized breakfast and HbA_1c measurement.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve analysis was used to examine the sensitivity and specificity of FPG and HbA_1c for diagosing diabetes,which was defined by the standard from WHO in 1999.Results DM prevalence was 6.8%.Based on the ROC curve,the optimal cut-point of FPG related to the OGTT-diagnostic criteria for diabetes was 6.1 mmol/L which was associated with a sensitivity and specificity of 81.30%and 96.3%respectively.The optimal cut-point of HbAlc related to diabetes diagnosis by OGTT was 6.1%,which was associated with a sensitivity and specificity of 83.5%and 88.8%respectively.If the proposed use of HbA_1c≥6.5%of ADA as a diagnostic criteria for DM was adopted,the sensitivity and specificity were 59.3%and 97.4%. If the newly proposed HbA_1c≥6.3%as a diagnostic criteria of DM for the Chinese population was adopted,the sensitivity and specificity were 71.4%and 94.7%.The screening model using FPG≥6.1mmol/L or HbAlc≥6.1%had sensitivities of 92.3%for detecting undiagnosed diabetes. Conclusions Compared with HbA_1c in screening DM,FPG has a slightly higher diagnostic value.The simultaneous measurement of FPG and HbAlc might be a more sensitive and specific screening tool for identifying high-risk individuals for diabetes at an early stage.


Probing into the revolutionary literature group Nanshe of late Qing and its members, this article is to illustrate the transition of intellectuals in modern Chinese cities from traditional to modern period by examining their ways to build a social network and seek self-identity and group affiliation, as well as adapt mentally into the circumstances of city life.The major points of this article can be summarized as follows:First, it gives out a general picture of networking activities among the intellectuals in Shanghai area as the background in which the members of Nanshe came together and created the nationalistic association.Second, it analyzes the objects and purposes of Nanshe. Its loose structure was the key to solicit members in a wide range. Another focus is the two dimensions of organization life in Nanshe: publication of Nanshe Congke (南社叢刻) and literati gathering (雅集). Nanshe Congke was the major and effective instrument to promote its ideas and opinions; literati gathering highlighted the integration of the traditional literati into the urban space which gave birth to a public domain for the intellectuals as a platform of entertainment and political discussions.Third, it explores the life of Nanshe members outside the organization. Their high exposures to mass media business indicated the transformation of traditional literati into a new type of modern intellectuals in modern China. A new kind of social networking and group consciousness were aroused in a new cultural and social environment, and the psychological adjustment was revealed in the process of leisure pastime. AII indicated that although they were engaged in new work, in their daily life and ideology they were still remaining uncertain at a transitional era.


cussion of the destruction of Minoan palatial civilisation discounts the effects of the volcanic eruption of Thera and argues that the Mycenaean influence in the final phase of the palace at Knossos is insufficient to support any theory of Mycenaean invasion. A description of the mature Mycenaean civilisation and its overseas expansion is followed by a more detailed consideration of Mycenaean relations with the Hittites and of the Hittite texts referring to Ahhiyawa. H. rejects the equation of this Anatolian kingdom with any part of a Mycenaean empire, as, indeed, the concept of such an empire. In considering the causes or the destruction of the palace centres at the height of their power, and the consequent fragmentation and decline of Mycenaean culture, H. draws no single conclusion, but emphasises the multiplicity of possible contributory factors while denying either Sea Peoples or Dorians a primary role. He suggests that the relationships between Mycenaean, Attic and Doric Greek can be adequately explained by supposing that a Doric-speaking lower stratum of society, subjected at some earlier date to an aristocratic superstructure which used an East Greek dialect, perhaps only for scribal purposes, gained their freedom upon the collapse of the palatial bureaucracy and maintained their independent character throughout the Dark Ages. A final chapter brings together such evidence as there is, particularly from the Linear B tablets, for a reconstruction of economic, political and religious aspects of Mycenaean society and highlights the contradictory indications of continuity and discontinuity with the Greek culture of the first millenium B.C.


To describe the prevalence of and factors associated with drug–disease interactions (DDIs) in older nursing home residents according to the American Geriatrics Society 2012 Beers Criteria.


random nature are produced , Therefore, in this paper , these noise sources are characterized by stochastic time func− tions and the propagat 三〇 n of noise radiated by them is considered by using correlation analysis . At 丘rst radiated sound 丘elds due to stationary or nonstationary random pOint source ,丘xed in space ,  are considered . Power spectrum , mean square average and correlation funcutions of the 丘elds are expressed in terms of the corresponding quantities of the source and transfer functions. Then , we discussed the sound 丘eld radiated by a random point souroe


Introduction: Globally 17% of approximately 142 million newborns have Low Birth Weight. World health report has stated the occurrence of low birth weight in India to be approximately 33% (2). Low birth weight or prematurity contributes to higher mortality in neonates many developing countries. The research aimed to find the proxy measurements for birth weight that is appropriate, practicable and cost effective. Methods: This study was undertaken in Sassoon General Hospitals, Pune. Block number 20, was the mainstay of this study where all postnatal mothers with their neonates are kept together. Study considered all babies born at < 37 weeks of gestation with weight less than 2500 gm during study period that is from 1 st January 2004 to 30 th June 2004. Therefore sample size obtained was 74. All measurements were taken by standard procedures. Signs of prematurity were studied. Results: In premature babies, the correlation between FL and LBW (r = 0.95) and FL and CHL (0.96) was pronounced. Birth weight and CHL of premature babies can therefore been estimated from these measurements. Birth weight showed highly significant relation (p<o.oo1) with all studied anthropometric measurements in preterm neonates in present study. Coefficient of variation and correlation coefficient were highly significant for all anthropometric parameters studied in preterm. Conclusion: All studied anthropometric measurements can be used as proxy measurement in preterm neonates.


The cosmic singularity provides negligible evidence for creation in the finite past, and hence theism. A physical theory might have no metric or multiple metrics, so a 'beginning' must involve a first moment, not just finite age. Whether one dismisses singularities or takes them seriously, physics licenses no first moment. The analogy between the Big Bang and stellar gravitational collapse indicates that a Creator is required in the first case only if a Destroyer is needed in the second. The need for and progress in quantum gravity and the underdetermination of theories by data make it difficult to take singularities seriously. The singularity exemplifies the sort of gap that is likely to be closed by scientific progress, obviating special divine action. The apparent irrelevance of cardinality to practices of counting infinite sets in classical field theory and Fourier analysis is noted. 1. Introduction2. The Doctrine of Creation and Its Warrant3. Cardinality and Sizes of Infinity4. Modern Cosmology and Creation5. Tolerance or Intolerance toward Singularities?6. Leibniz against Incompetent Watchmaker?7. Induction from Earlier Theories' Breakdown?8. Stellar Collapse Implies Theistic Destroyer9. Stacking the Deck for GTR10. Quantum Gravity Tends to Resolve Singularities11. Vicious God-of-the-Gaps Character12. Fluctuating or Inaccessible Warrant13. Big Bang Cosmology Not Especially Congenial to Faith Introduction The Doctrine of Creation and Its Warrant Cardinality and Sizes of Infinity Modern Cosmology and Creation Tolerance or Intolerance toward Singularities? Leibniz against Incompetent Watchmaker? Induction from Earlier Theories' Breakdown? Stellar Collapse Implies Theistic Destroyer Stacking the Deck for GTR Quantum Gravity Tends to Resolve Singularities Vicious God-of-the-Gaps Character Fluctuating or Inaccessible Warrant Big Bang Cosmology Not Especially Congenial to Faith


A bulk boron doped diamond electrode comprising a plurality of grooves disposed in a surface of the bulk boron doped diamond electrode. The bulk boron doped diamond electrode is formed by growing a bulk boron doped diamond electrode using a chemical vapour deposition technique and forming a plurality of grooves in a surface of the bulk boron doped diamond electrode. According to one arrangement, the plurality of grooves are formed by forming a pattern of carbon solvent metal over a surface of the bulk boron doped diamond electrode and heating whereby the carbon solvent metal dissolves underlying diamond to form grooves in the surface of the bulk boron doped electrode. The invention also relates to an electrochemical cell comprising one or more grooved bulk boron doped diamond electrodes. The or each bulk boron doped diamond electrode is oriented within the electrochemical device such that the grooves are aligned in a direction substantially parallel to a direction of electrolyte flow.


The birth weight records of 3137 indigenous Tuli calves from Matopos Research Station in Zimbabwe, collected during 1988 - 1997 were analyzed to estimate the variance components and heritability of birth weight using the ASREML approach. A single trait animal model was fitted, allowing for genetic maternal effects and genetic covariance between direct and maternal effects. Estimates of heritability for direct genetic effects (h² A ), maternal genetic effects (h² M ) and the genetic covariance between direct and maternal effects as proportions of the total variance (c AM ) of birth weight were 0.25, 0.14, -0.06 respectively. Direct additive genetic variance was twice larger than maternal variance. The correlation between direct and maternal effects was negative implying that selection should be directed at both components, considering the maternal heritability estimate, which was moderate. The environmental parameter records of the study area suggest that birth weight was not depressed by the tropical semi arid environmental conditions.


The effectiveness of seven pesticides for the control of greenhouse thrips Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis was evaluated in two trials carried out in the province of Quillota, Chile, between January and March 2006. The foliage was treated with commercial dosages of: thiamethoxam (Actara 25 WG), mineral oil (Citroliv miscible), imidacloprid (Confidor Forte 200 SL), Thiacloprid (Calipso 480 SC), Spinosad (Success 48), abamectin+mineral oil (Vertimec+Citroliv miscible) and metomil (Lannate 90), the irrigation system was applied with thiamethoxam and a control was maintained with no spraying. Each treatment was replicated 4 times and greenhouse thrips were evaluated in 5 occasions, 1 previous and 4 postspraying. The density of the pest was registered, in previously-labeled leaves and the percentage of infested leaves in a random extractive sampling. However, due to the high proportion of leaves that dropped naturally, in a second trial the density of the pest was evaluated through the extraction of leaves in soapy water. The neonicotinoids showed an effective control of the pest, achieving a nondetection level at the end of the evaluation period. Thiametoxam was likewise effective in both foliar and irrigation system applications. Metomil initially demonstrated (7 days) a significantly greater effect than the other treatments; however its effect is comparable to the neonicotinoides and abamectin after 60 days of application. Spinosad and mineral oil reduced the population of greenhouse thrips in the leaf, but they did not avoid the colonization of the fruit that was damaged to a level comparable to the control.


he role of globalization in improving state of affairs the world over cannot be undermined. Globalization has completely made the world a global village where interconnectedness, inter relationships, cultural relations, political relation s, religious relations, economic relations, familial relations and socio-political relations have been allowed to thrive effectively and efficiently. All these benefits have been made possible, particularly with the increasing growth of information and communications technology the world over. However, the growth rate of information and communication technology, specifically, in terms of the internet and GSM has also promoted another dimension of criminality (online criminality). A number of criminal acts associated with the use of the internet and GSM have been identified and established and they include child pornography, adult pornography, cyber-terrorism, cyber laundering, cyber stalking and a host number of internet fraud (such as identity theft schemes, purchase scam, website scam, click fraud, international modern dialing, phishing, pharming, auction and retail schemes online, stock market manipulation schemes, etc.). This paper is actually meant to evaluate the extent of perpetration of all these forms of criminal acts in Nigeria and the world over, and to possibly suggest some ways by which the acts could be controlled to the barest minimum. It is really sad to note children and youths have been indicted of involving in all these forms of criminality. The paper will also deliberate on the links between children, youths and cyber crime and come up with some control measures against youth's involvement in cyber crime.


This paper investigates an electromagnetic preprocessing technique that transforms the voltages that are induced in a nonuniformly spaced array containing real antenna elements to a set of voltages that will be produced in a uniform linear virtual array (ULVA) containing omnidirectional isotropic point radiators. The objective here is that, in the processing methodology, we would like to include various electromagnetic effects like mutual coupling between the antenna elements, the presence of near‐field scatterers, and the platform effects on which the antenna array is mounted. The preprocessing is carried out using a least squares method, which generates a transformation matrix for the set of induced voltages in the real array. This transformation matrix, when applied to the actual measured voltages, yields an equivalent set of voltages that will be induced in the ULVA. Then, a direct data domain superresolution technique like the matrix pencil method is applied to the processed voltages to yield the DOA for the various signals of interest. Numerical results are presented to illustrate the efficiency and accuracy of this method. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 32: 335–340, 2002.


This association works from other words, just a history? Crystal works both ways it looked like the last bit is curious enthralling out. The prescriptive rules with an explanation, and ending the western? Writers and he's quite different the, story of the long vowel. Anyone who are spelled 11. Crystal took us a word and letter in at bangor less ambitious. They condemn the verb and in general readership then there. The underlying system behind individual decisions whether or samuel johnson's time. She knows all the increase in certain vowels pg 138 or consonants choices had no. One sound my part of the many apparently illogical inconsistencies state that children. Hey knowledge for such an extended.


The aim of the study was to assess the association between atmospheric air pollution and respiratory diseases in children on the level of small spatial units in the Zasavje. The health and environmental data were obtained for the period between January 1 and December 31, 2011. Studied small spatial units were designed on the basis of estimated level of atmospheric air pollution and digital maps and boundaries of local communities and settlements. The impact of atmospheric air pollution on respiratory diseases was analysed by using the Bayesian models. Considering the identified deficiencies, the presented methodolgy can often be used to identify areas with a higher health risks.


Is it true that the laser beam action is effective? If not, how it is possible to change the beam intensity profile in order to optimize process characteristics? These issues are of great importance for various industrial laser technologies, especially for applications such as laser marking and engraving. It often happens that the effectiveness of a particular technology can be significantly improved by converting the intensity distribution of the laser beam. This is one of the reasons for the growing interest in the methods of radiation formation.


The USA Space Policy as one of the leading factors in the process of the arms race' stop in late 80's and early 90's has been examined in the article. American Presidential Directives, international agreements and a wide range of research provided an opportunity to make informative conclusions about the positive role of space topics in the process of a detente and «Cold War» ending. It is important to note that the development of astronautics became one of the spin-offs from «Cold War» and the arms race, as it was the nuclear race logic that stimulated the development of weapons. At the same time, in the process of US-Soviet competition, space became a new sphere of international relations. Therefore, the cooperation in the space sphere became a symbol of the compromise and good will that were required during the most difficult negotiations about arms reduction. The warming and detente periods of international relations have been indicated. Furthermore, the majority of American and Russian researchers conclude that the Strategic Defense Initiative of Reagan became an important element of the USA strategy on the Soviet Union's pressure, pushing it to more constructive position in negotiations on disarmament. Further results showed the effectiveness of the detente policies' process of the USA government in this sphere. In addition, the uncertainty in the possibilities of the Soviet economy to respond to the challenge of a new stage of the space systems' scientific and technological rivalry led to the reduction of armaments of the Soviet Union. At the same time, it was space topics discussion that provided the deepening of the detente process. It is worth to note, that space cooperation relations, which recovered during 80's-early 90's, have turned into an important political signal transmission channel between the two countries and caused the facilitating interaction between the parties on wider range of problems. And in the new historical conditions (post-Soviet) the cooperation in space sphere has received more pragmatic incentive. Moreover, the main instrument of the USA's policy was the transition of space relations on a commercial basis. In conditions of the economic crisis in Russia, it had an undeniable attractiveness for the USA and it allowed saving space industry and the great power status associated with it. To summarize, in terms of the USA's active course to the broad commercialization of the space industry, which falls at the end of the 1980s, the adjustment of the USA-Russian cooperation has allowed the space industry in both countries to compete effectively on the market of space launches.


Pipe socket (18) surrounded by a flange (11) accommodates the end portion of the pipe section 16. Plastic in an annular gap located between these, and preferably, the main sealing ring 12 made of Teflon is arranged, for example, located at the ends of the radial shaft sealing ring a secondary chamber a pipe socket 18, such as 13 do. When in non-operating time, the pipe socket 18 and the pipe portion 16 is equal to approximately ambient temperature, the pipe section 16 to be movable to a limited angle with respect to the pipe socket 18, i.e., displaceable and inclined from, the sealing function is implemented mainly by the auxiliary chamber. In operation, the pipe section 16 is estimated and expansion to higher operating temperatures the main sealing ring 12 is pressed against the inside of the pipe socket (18) radial shaft sealing ring (13) is to be protected from corrosive gas yi silring function is replaced as. Pipe portion 16 is displaceable relative to the pipe socket (18) until that time.


In this paper, a 500 MSPS 8-bit segmented Current Steering Digital to Analog Converter (CS-DAC) with high dynamic and static performance is presented. This CS-DAC is designed using 180 nm CMOS technology for communication applications. To mitigate the tradeoff between area and performance, the proposed CS-DAC architecture follows 5+3 segmentation. The 5 MSB bits and 3 LSB bits are realized using unary DACs and binary DACs structure, respectively. For better linearity and matching, the unit current cells are biased with temperature and supply independent on-chip voltage reference circuit. The value of Spurious Free Dynamic Range (SFDR) of this DAC is > 66 dB up to 166.5 MHz signal frequency. The near Nyquist SFDR is >62 dB at 243 MHz signal frequency. The Integral Non-linearity (INL) and Dynamic Non-linearity (DNL) of the DAC are observed as 0.019 LSB and 0.026 LSB, respectively. The simulated power dissipation of this proposed DAC is 11.07 mW at 1.8 V supply voltage for 5.36 MHz input signal at 500 MSPS sampling frequency.


of the natural history collections to another site in 1861, antiquities became the focus of the museum alongside the books and manuscripts that more than a century later were distinguished as the British Library. Five central chapters treat major installations of the growing Egyptian collection between 1759 and 1880, when Britain was about to occupy Egypt and British Egyptology was beginning to become more specialized. The 1880s and 1890s saw the founding of the Egypt Exploration Fund (later Society), the addition of the Egyptologist E. A. W. Budge to the museum staff, the creation of the first British chair in Egyptology at University College, London, for Flinders Petrie, and growing American involvement in the field. For most of the previous 120 years, in contrast, the museum had "acted more as a reluctant recipient of important donations and bargain offers than as an institution intent on creating an impressive Egyptian collection" (p. 218). Moser selects a contemporary catchphrase to characterize the acquisition, display, and reception of each successive installation of the Egyptian collection. The mostly small amulets, scarabs, and figures of animal gods unveiled in 1759—along with the mummies and coffins, which would remain perennial favorites—were summed up as "wondrous curiosities." Exhibited alongside such curiosities as Cromwell's watch and a picture painted on a cobweb, their instructional value was limited indeed. In 1801 the British captured the Egyptian collection that Napoleon Bonaparte's scholars had assembled, and George III's presentation of it to the museum in 1802 gave impetus to the construction of the Townley Gallery. The new Egyptian display that opened there in 1808 included the Rosetta Stone, two obelisks of Nectanebo, a colossal stone fist and a ram's head, and a large statue of the lion-headed goddess Sekhmet. It had the virtue of presenting Egyptian sculpture as a major collection, but the works were perceived as "colossal monstrosities," suffering in comparison to the perceived masterpieces of classical Greek sculpture on display in the betterlighted and more extensive adjacent galleries. Six years of haggling preceded the museum's grudging purchase of the collection that the British consul general Henry Salt had amassed in Egypt in competition with his French rival Bernardino Drovetti. The centerpiece of the resulting 1823 installation, again in the Townley Gallery, was the colossal bust of Memnon (Ramesses II) that Salt's agent Giovanni Belzoni had extracted with great difficulty from the west bank at Thebes. With the 1823 presentation, Egyptian sculptures began to be perceived as "monumental masterpieces," albeit still far inferior to those of the ancient Greeks. The next big installation came in 1834, when the Egyptian sculptures were given a far grander presentation in the massive Greek Revival gallery designed by Robert Smirke. The second stage of this new installation came in 1837, when the mummies, coffins, and smaller objects went on display upstairs. The bulk of the new material came from the purchase of three collections—those of the British bookseller Joseph Sams, the late Salt (his third collection; disgusted with the negotiations, he had sold his second collection to the Louvre), and the Greek merchant Giovanni Anastasi. The collections emphasized smaller objects of everyday life, such as furniture, clothes, toys, and toilet articles, and "accessible oddities" seemed an appropriate label for the emphasis of the new representation. In the last of these major installations, in 1854, the Egyptian collection remained artificially divided between Smirke's now much-extended galleries and the upper-story rooms. This time the revolutionary change was the arrangement of the sculptures primarily in chronological sequence rather than on aesthetic principles. Such a historical sequence became possible only in the wake of the decipherment of hieroglyphics beginning in the 1820s. This triumph of history and chronology over aesthetics coincided with the museum trustees' surrender of much discretion in acquisitions and display strategies to their more scholarly employees, the keepers. Despite the changes in the presentation and perception of Egyptian art over the course of these 120 years, the preference for classical art prevailed over the selective appreciation now accorded ancient Egyptian artifacts. A year after the 1854 installation opened, the American writer Nathaniel Hawthorne described the museum's Egyptian sculptures as "hideous, blubber-lipped faces of giants, and human shapes, with beasts' heads on them" (p. 208). Moser cautions against reading her narrative as an evolutionary progression toward a truer or more favorable evaluation of ancient Egypt. She emphasizes that the old labels and perceptions had taken root too deeply to be simply displaced. "Monumental masterpieces" and "accessible oddities" were superimposed on rather than replacing the earlier perceptions of "colossal monstrosities" and "wondrous curiosities," and "the real 'magic' of ancient Egypt lies in its ability to tolerate these alternative identities" (p. 217). Other than pointing to the greater professionalization in British Egyptology after 1880, she gives little hint as to the directions the British Museum would take in its representations of ancient Egypt in its next 120 years—down to our time. Wondrous Curiosities left me both hoping that Moser has a sequel in mind and anticipating the productive influence that her stimulating work should have on museum studies, the history and anthropology of scholarly disciplines, and understanding and analysis of Egypt's perennial fascination.


This paper presents a method to control the output power of Laser in the variation of ambient temperature. The circuit was designed using a feedback loop to maintain a constant optical power in the presence of temperature variation. It has been shown that the small variation in the photo-detector current, in response to a small variation of the laser output power, the PI controller adjusts the bias voltage so that the current through the laser remains constant. As a result, the output optical power is kept constant. The OptiSpice software has been used which incorporates equations governing optical components directly into an electrical stimulation.


Gas-oil valves are used widely in gas transmission pipelines with stable operating,easily to control and power-free. This paper introduces the operating performance and principle,analyzes the failures in pigging operation and presents the improvement plan.


High concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) can still be measured in indoor air in many buildings built or renovated within the period from approximately 1950 until the late seventies. The increasing evidence of the importance of indoor exposure to PCBs has led to the initiation of remediation actions in many countries. Understandably, primary sources with original PCB content have been the main focus of the actions. However, removal of primary sources alone has shown to be insufficient in decreasing the high indoor PCB concentrations in contaminated buildings. The aim of this study was to investigate the importance of tertiary PCB sources to indoor air concentrations and identify predictors of PCB air concentrations in contaminated buildings. In this study, 24 PCB congeners were measured in the indoor air of 83 contaminated apartments as well as in sealants sampled in a random subset of 20 apartments. The sealants were identified to be the primary source containing the original PCBs. For total PCBs, the median air concentration was 859 ng/m3 and the median concentration in contaminated sealants was 16.5% by weight. Analyses performed in the present study indicate that the influence of tertiary sources on indoor air concentrations may be substantial and that removal of tertiary sources may be needed when performing PCB remediation in buildings.


A non-parametric data clustering technique for achieving efficient data-clustering and improving the number of clusters is presented in this paper. K-Means and Expectation-Maximization algorithms have been widely deployed in data-clustering applications. Result findings in related works revealed that both these algorithms have been found to be characterized with shortcomings. K-Means does not guarantee convergence and the choice of clusters heavily influenced the results. Expectation-Maximization's premature convergence does not assure the optimality of results and as with K-Means, the choice of clusters influence the results. To overcome the shortcomings, a fast automatic K-EM algorithm is developed which provides optimal number of clusters by employing various internal cluster validity metrics, thereby providing efficient and unbiased results. 1 Electrical and Computer Engineering department, Mississippi State, University, Starkville, MS, 39759. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, email@example.com 2 Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Mississippi State, University, Starkville, MS, 39759. E-mail: email@example.com Article Info: Received : August 9, 2016. Revised : September 11, 2016. Published online : October 1, 2016. 44 Automatic KExpectation Maximization ... The algorithm is implemented on a wide array of data sets to ensure the accuracy of the results and efficiency of the algorithm. Mathematics Subject Classification: Big Data Clustering; Machine Learning; Algorithms


Dragon has long been a Totem for the Chinese nation.As a carrier by which Chinese nation expresses an idea of life and spirit ideal,dragon possesses two meanings: a triphibious animal of diving,walking and flying,an omnipotent creature,representing a spirit of constantly striving for the higher;dragon,a complex of multi-parts and organs from various animals,symbolizing a union and pursuit for "Great virtue carries all creatures with it." The two significations lay a solid foundation for dragon,the culture to become the core of Chinese spirit.


In order to industrialize traditional Meju-tasting Koji, the characteristics of Koji manufactured with bacteria and fungi found in traditional Meju were investigated. Bacillus subtilis B-4 and Aspergillus oryzae F-5 showing high enzyme activities including those of amylase and protease were used. L-value of Koji manufactured with B. subtilis B-4 had darker color and higher enzyme production than A. oryzae F-5 made one. B. subtilis B-4 made Koji showed higher enzyme production and sensony evaluation score than A. oryzae F-5 Koji. A. oryzae F-5 Koji showed superior color to B. subtilis B-4 Koji. Activity in color, capacity of enzyme production, viable cell count, and sensory evaluation of water activity controlled Koji was superior to the uncontrolled one.


Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS‐CoV‐2) has resulted in over 500 million confirmed cases of coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19) worldwide, causing over 6 million deaths. A wide disease spectrum has been described for COVID‐19 infections with a newer focus on the long‐term impacts termed Post‐Acute COVID‐19 Syndrome (PACS). PACS is not formally defined but occurs 4 weeks to 6 months after the acute infection impacting the neurologic, cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, endocrine, renal, dermatologic, and hematologic organ systems to varying degrees. Nearly one third of patients will experience a neuropsychiatric manifestation within 6 months of a COVID‐19 diagnosis with anxiety, depression, and post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) being the most common symptoms. There is much similarity between PACS and Post‐Intensive Care Syndrome (PICS). Long‐term follow‐up is necessary to ensure intensive care unit (ICU) survivors are cared for appropriately. The development of PICS clinics across the world has set a groundwork for better managing PACS. The inclusion of clinical pharmacists in these clinics has repeatedly improved outcomes. Implementation of the ABCDEF Bundle prevents the occurrence of PICS and PACS, making it an important discussion point for the entire health care team. Epidemiologic data is still emerging with the National Institute of Health (NIH) Researching COVID to Enhance Recovery (RECOVER) research initiative contributing to our understanding of PACS and how to best manage it. The purpose of this review paper is to characterize PACS and recommend prevention, potential monitoring, and treatment, as well as to highlight the role of the clinical pharmacist in the management of this population.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


We report on the design and fabrication of the first double-clad hypocycloid core-contour Kagome fiber optimized for guidance in air-core at 1μm via Inhibited-Coupling and in a cladding silica ring via total-internal-reflection.


Foreword. Preface. List of Authors. List of Figures. List of Tables. Part 1: Introduction. 1. A Review of Demographic Forecasting Models for Mortality. 2. A Review of Epidemiological Approaches to Forecasting Mortality and Morbidity. Part 2: Theoretical Perspectives on Forecasting Mortality. 3. A Regression Model of Mortality, with Application to the Netherlands. 4. Forecasting Mortality from Regression Models: the Case of the Netherlands. 5. Gompertz in Context: the Gompertz and Related Distributions. 6. Comparing Theoretical Age Patterns of Mortality Beyond the Age of 80. Part 3: From Theory to Practice. 7. Predicting Mortality from Period, Cohort or Cause-Specific Trends: a Study of Four European Countries. 8. Incorporating Risk Factor Epidemiology in Mortality Projections. 9. Projecting Mortality in Population Forecasts in the Netherlands. 10. The Latest Mortality Forecasts in the European Union. Part 4: Issues for the Future: More Consistency and Transparency. 11. Mortality Models Incorporating Theoretical Concepts of Ageing. 12. Towards an Integration of the Statistical, Demographic and Epidemiological Perspectives in Forecasting Mortality.


A multiple-model adaptive control algorithm is developed for wind power forecasting based on three forecasting models for very-short term wind power prediction. The performance of the three models and the proposed approach is verified in a wind farm in North China. The case study indicates that the proposed approach can provide reasonable very-short term wind power prediction and outperforms the other three models on both accuracy and reliability.


BACKGROUND
Welding is one of the most hazardous professions across the globe. Several risk factors are associated with Indian unorganized welding units such as welding gases, fumes and dust particles resulting in various respiratory health problems.

OBJECTIVE
The objective of the present study is to examine the prevalence of respiratory symptoms, their associated factors and lung function impairment amongst the welders of the unorganized sector in India.

METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted across 283 welders of age group 18-55 years from Punjab, India who responded to the interviewer-administrated respiratory symptoms questionnaire. Also, the lung function parameters of 50 male welders (exposed group) and 50 male non-welders (control group) working in the same environment were evaluated.

RESULTS
The prevalence of respiratory symptoms such as chronic cough (38.86%), phlegm (38.86%), shortness of breath (33.56%), wheezing (32.15%), chest tightness (36.40%,) and sputum (34.27%) was reported by the welders. The observed mean values of forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1) and FEV1/FVC ratio of welders were (3.37±0.175), (2.59±0.16) and (76.63±6.16) respectively and that of non-welders were (3.70±0.15), (3.05±0.25) and (82.49±7.62) respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
The welders were found to be at significant risk of developing pulmonary diseases. Long working hours, low level of education, hazardous working conditions, lack of implementation of safety laws make welders more vulnerable to health risks. The welders of Indian unorganized sector work without any technical training related to welding and safety. Proper orientation sessions about the workplace hazards and to maintain hygiene at their workplace should be organized. Welders must be provided with Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). Welders should take proper health check-up and medication to sustain healthiness.


This paper develops an unconventional but powerful approach to analyzing the observed and/or estimated failure rates of complex systems that operate in series and/or in parallel under varying operational and environmental conditions. Consequently such failure rates can be construed as time series which are complex in the sense that they are aggregates and/or products of two or more time series. Hence special time-series techniques are required for their analysis. Some of the results recently developed apply to the analysis of such time series. These results can also be used for the analysis of the reliability decay (growth) processes, actual failure times, times between failures, and interactions between failure times and maintenance times of complex systems. >


W e propose an edge embedded marker based watershed algorithm for high spatial resolution remote sensing image segmentation. Two improvement techniques are proposed for the two key steps of maker extraction and pixel labeling, to make it more effective and efficient for high spatial resolution i mage segmentation. Moreover, the edge information, detect ed by the edge detector embedded with confidence, is used to direct the two key steps for detecting objects with weak boundary and improving the position al accuracy of the objects boundary. It performs well in retaining the weak boundary and reducing the u ndesired over - segmentation.


Modifications taking place in ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) films due to gamma ray radiation-induced and investigated in correlation with the applied doses. Films were irradiated in a vacuum at room temperature by a 1.25 MeV Co60 a source with doses ranging from 0 to 300 kGg. The optical, chemical, structural, and surface morphological properties of the irradiated and unirradiated UHMWPE films were investigated by UV-Visible, FTIR, XRD, and SEM, respectively. The band gap decreases with increasing radiation dose and coloration effects have been seen at higher doses. FTIR spectra show an oscillatory behavior in the transmittance intensities without affecting in their peak positions. Number of small absorption peaks can be seen clearly which may be due to the cross-linking of the polymeric chain. No significant change in crystalline peak has been found in the X-ray diffraction pattern indicating the structural stability of the polymer. The morphology of the smooth topography of the polymer samples to change rougher one polymeric sample shows the formation of microvoids on the surface of the polymeric materials with the increase of the doses from 0 to 300 kGy.


Statja Alieva R.H. clause is devoted to a number криминогенных factors of political character being by significant problems in the organization of authority in the state. In the given publication the author in detail tells a causal complex of violent criminality and with what it is indissolubly connected.


Black-box and preference-based optimization algorithms are global optimization procedures that aim to find the global solutions of an optimization problem using, respectively, the least amount of function evaluations or sample comparisons as possible. In the black-box case, the analytical expression of the objective function is unknown and it can only be evaluated through a (costly) computer simulation or an experiment. In the preference-based case, the objective function is still unknown but it corresponds to the subjective criterion of an individual. So, it is not possible to quantify such criterion in a reliable and consistent way. Therefore, preference-based optimization algorithms seek global solutions using only comparisons between couples of different samples, for which a human decision-maker indicates which of the two is preferred. Quite often, the black-box and preference-based frameworks are covered separately and are handled using different techniques. In this paper, we show that black-box and preference-based optimization problems are closely related and can be solved using the same family of approaches, namely surrogate-based methods. Moreover, we propose the generalized Metric Response Surface (gMRS) algorithm, an optimization scheme that is a generalization of the popular MSRS framework. Finally, we provide a convergence proof for the proposed optimization method.


The purpose of this exploratory study was to examine the various ways in which families become involved in state-funded rural prekindergarten programs for children identified as being at-risk for later school failure. Participants were 21 teachers/classrooms in prekindergarten programs located in nine rural Illinois communities. Data were collected over an 18-week period on the various parental involvement and family-school partnership strategies implemented by school personnel, and the patterns of parental participation that occurred in response to the different types of initiatives. Findings indicate that wide variations existed in the parent involvement and family-school partnership initiatives implemented across the nine programs. Results are discussed in terms of future research and program development efforts aimed at helping rural early childhood programs establish effective family-school partnerships.


The article introduces a new differential pressure device,inner venturi tube,including its structure,principle of measurement and technical performance;According to the measurement principle of differential pressure flowmeter,the mathematics model for calculating the flow rate of acid gas is established and the inner venturi tube flowmeter is aplied to the flow rate measurement of acid gas successfully.


SUMMARY A novel off-line technique for automatic calibration of kinematic parameters for hydraulic manipulators is presented. Hydraulically actuated manipulators have joints which are always powered and, unlike conventional robots, may not have conventional joint sensors to exploit in the calibration procedure. Instead, our approach employs an external three-dimensional linkage, termed "the calibrator", which has sufficient number of joints with corresponding sensors. One end of the calibrator is grasped by the manipulator's end effector while the other end is attached to a passive spherical joint fixed to the world coordinate system. The mobile closed kinematic chain thus formed has the added advantage of eliminating the explicit measurement of the manipulator's endpoint location. A sequential identification technique that uses a least squares numerical search algorithm has been developed based on link-by-link movement of the manipulator. Simulation and experimental calibration results on a typical mobile hydraulic manipulator are reported in this paper, which show that the proposed technique is globally stable, and potentially fast, inexpensive, and easy to apply on site.


The emergence of Podemos in 2016, alongside the fragmentation of the Spanish political spectrum into different ideological forces, has spearheaded a crisis for the traditional bipartisanship of the Peoples Party (PP) and the Socialist Party (PSOE). The unique circumstances in the country's political landscape have led the mainstream newspapers to position themselves as defenders of the establishment, carrying out a critique of Podemos in which 'anti-communism' has been used as a key method to discredit the new party. This chapter explicates the 'anti-communism' filtering mechanism within Herman and Chomsky's Propaganda Model and applies this analysis to the case of the Spanish online press. Both political leaders and the editorial pages of mainstream newspapers have drawn comparisons between Podemos and regimes like those found in Venezuela and Cuba as a way of attacking the new political force. Explicitly or implicitly, the vocabulary flooding the pages of the newspapers has resurrected the idea of communism as the enemy of law and order. According to other filters elaborated by Herman and Chomsky, the media groups' behaviour is rooted in the tight relationship between crisis-ridden bipartisanship and the moneyed interests of the media companies and their connections to government and business elites.


Recovery of acrylic acid from aqueous solution using low-cost CaO2 nanoparticles was investigated. CaO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by co-precipitation technique and characterised using XRD and FTIR. A mechanism was proposed for adsorption of acrylic acid onto CaO2 nanoparticles based on FTIR analysis. Acrylic acid recovery is highly dependent on contact time, CaO2 nanoparticle dosage, initial acrylic concentration, and temperature. Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich, Tempkin, Hill, Redlich-Peterson, Sips and Toth isotherms were used and well represented by Redlich-Peterson isotherm (R2 = 0.9998) as compared to other isotherms. Kinetic studies revealed pseudo-second-order kinetics (k2 = 1.962·10 –4 g mg–1 min–1) for adsorption of acrylic acid onto CaO2 nanoparticles. CaO2 nanoparticles exhibited high acrylic acid recovery over varied concentration ranges. The acrylic acid can be regenerated by desorption from the surface of adsorbent and utilised for numerous applications. The presented results may be useful for the design of adsorption system using nanoparticles, which can be extended to other systems.


The fcc portion of the Al-Sc phase diagram is calculated from first principles including contributions to alloy free energies associated with ionic vibrations. It is found that vibrational entropy accounts for a 27-fold increase in the calculated solubility limits for Sc in fcc Al at high temperatures, bringing calculated and measured values into very good agreement. The present work gives a clear example demonstrating a large effect of vibrational entropy upon calculated phase boundaries in substitutional alloys.


Objective To observe the releasing regularity of myocardial enzymes and troponin I(cTnI) during noncardiac operations.Methods Thirty selective noncardiac surgical patients,age≥60 years old,under general anaesthesia were studied.HR,BP,ECG,the values of myocardial enzymes,cTnI were recorded or measured perioperatively.Results All 30 patients had no any signs of myocardial ischemia or imfarction perioperatively.The level of cTnI was not changed significantly during study,but myocardial enzymes were changed remarkably at the end of operation and on the 1st postoperative day(P0.05 or P0.01),some of which even exceeds the upper limit of normal values.Conclusion Cardiac enzymes changed markedly during perioperation noncardiac surgery;and cTnI was infinfuenced less by noncardiac surgery and anesthesia in this study.


The aorta is a common site of atherosclerotic plaque formation. The infrarenal abdominal aortic segment is particularly vulnerable, \Nhereas the thoracic aorta is relatively spared. Differences in sus  ceptibility may be due to differences in the structure, composition, )pand nutrition of the aortic wall as well as differences in flow condi tions and mechanical stresses which have been shown to be associ in ated with a predisposition to atherosclerosis. Plaque depo-sition is S. associated with localized dilation in relation to erosion, atrophy, .f!  and thinning of the media, which predisposes the atherosclerosis


Abstract.
 The most important hypersaline environment in Bolivia is the Uyuni salt flat. It is the largest salt flat in the world and, it presents certain unique chemical characteristics and composition on its surface such as a gradient of ion concentrations from south to north. The autochthonous microbial communities in these salt flats have yet to be studied in detail, and it is not clear if these communities are somehow homogeneous across in the ca. 10,000 km2 flat. The present study was done in order to describe the structure of the microbial communities and determine any possible correlations with abiotic factors. Total DNA was extracted from rock salt samples obtained at different locations, and 16S rDNA followed by Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (T-RFLP) analyses. Statistical analyses of the communities indicated that the highest diversity indices were found in the southern area, and the microbial communities were clustered in three groups for bacteria and in two groups for archaea. This variation could be explained by different concentrations of lithium and calcium, in addition to other abiotic variables on the surface crust. Our results indicate that even under extreme hypersaline conditions abiotic factors such as wind or geological activity may determine the composition of the resident microbiota.


In the more than decennial history of DAFNE, the Frascati e+/ecollider, the positron beam has always shown more difficulty to store high current than the electron one. Given that the two rings are identical, many types of measurement have been tried to figure out the problem and to solve it, but eventually only one technique has presented a crucial utility: the modal grow rate measurement. In principle this method could be implemented using a commercial spectrum analyzer with the right software procedure inside. Nevertheless it is much easier and faster to record data by means of the bunch by bunch feedback diagnostics and analyze them with the offline feedback programs. A large campaign of data taking has been carried out last fall. A comparison with grow rate records from previous years has pointed out clearly the difference with respect to the 2008 DAFNE performance showing the way to overcome the beam current limit. In particular, measurements have been done versus different machine conditions. A very fast horizontal instability, present only in the e+ ring, has been characterized showing linear behavior versus beam current. These data have been used to figure out the current limit problem.


PURPOSE: To provide a novel ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable monomer improved in copolymerization efficiency and combination with a biological substance, and a polymer prepared from the same. CONSTITUTION: This monomer is represented by the formula (wherein R is hydrogen, a halo or a 1-3C alkyl; M is hydrogen, an alkali metal ion or an ammonium ion; and L is a linking group having 8-50 atoms in its linking chain and comprises two or more divalent hydrocarbon groups connected or terminated with one or more nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur atoms or with one or more groups containing such atoms in the linking chain, provided that L has at least one arylene which is not directly connected to the terminal -COOM group and further provided that none of the hydrocarbon groups has non-aromatic unsaturation). COPYRIGHT: (C)1994,JPO


The role of IL-23 in the development of arthritis and bone metabolism was studied using systemic IL-23 exposure in adult mice via hydrodynamic delivery of IL-23 minicircle DNA in vivo and in mice genetically deficient in IL-23. Systemic IL-23 exposure induced chronic arthritis, severe bone loss, and myelopoiesis in the bone marrow and spleen, which resulted in increased osteoclast differentiation and systemic bone loss. The effect of IL-23 was partly dependent on CD4 + T cells, IL-17A, and TNF, but could not be reproduced by overexpression of IL-17A in vivo. A key role in the IL-23–induced arthritis was made by the expansion and activity of myeloid cells. Bone marrow macrophages derived from IL-23p19 2 / 2 mice showed a slower maturation into osteoclasts with reduced tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive cells and dentine resorption capacity in in vitro osteoclastogenesis assays. This correlated with fewer multinucleated osteoclast-like cells and more trabecular bone volume and number in 26-wk-old male IL-23p19 2 / 2 mice compared with control animals. Collectively, our data suggest that systemic IL-23 exposure induces the expansion of a myeloid lineage osteoclast precursor, and targeting IL-23 pathway may combat inflammation-driven bone destruction as observed in rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune arthritides. The Journal of Immunology , 2011, 187: 951– 959. the hinge CH2 and CH3 A linker of glycine-serine dipeptide convenience assembly the cDNA BamH1 restriction di- gestion ligation. the cDNA the mTNFR2 extracellular cloned reverse transcription PCR a mixture of RNA isolated from mouse spleen, mouse and mouse macrophage-like RAW264.7 cells oligonucleotide primers 5 9 -GATGAATTC- GCCGCCACCATGGCGCCCGCCGCCCTCTGGGTC-3 and 5 9 -GATG-GATCCGCCACCCTTGGTACTTTGTTCAATAATGGG-3 9 . The resulting cDNA was cleaved using EcoR1 and BamH1 endonucleases cloned into a pCDNA3-based vector containing a DNA corresponding to mIgG H chain g 1 isotype starting at the hinge region and ending at the CH3 region. mTNFRII-mIgG1 transfected into CHO-K1 variant of Chinese ham- ster ovary cells by Lipofectamine 2000 according to manufacturer's instructions (Invitrogen). Stable clones were obtained by limiting dilution followed by culturing in the presence of selection reagent Geneticin at 1 mg/ml. High-producer clones were identified by testing the conditioned medium with ELISA using an mIgG1 ELISA kit TX). For production of the mTNFRII-mIg protein, the cells were cultured under serum-free conditions for 7 d. The conditioned medium after centrifugation was passed through a protein A-affinity column and purified using the Bio-Rad purification system (Hercules, CA).


Magnetization and specific heat measurements of Nd0.5Sr0.5MnO3, Nd0.5Ca0.5MnO3, Sm0.5Ca0.5MnO3, Dy0.5Ca0.5MnO3, and Ho0.5Ca0.5MnO3 samples were performed. Near the charge ordering (CO) and ferromagnetic transition temperatures, the specific heat curves showed peaks superimposed to the characteristic response of the lattice oscillations. These peaks allowed us to estimate the entropy variation for each phase transition. The entropy variation corresponding to the CO transition was higher than the one corresponding to the ferromagnetic transition. Furthermore, specific heat measurements in presence of a 9 T magnetic field showed that this field was not strong enough to affect the specific heat in the CO phase transition region. Our results suggest that the CO phase is very stable and almost independent of magnetic fields.


It is shown experimentally and theoretically that longitudinal magnetoelastic waves can be excited with an efficiency comparable to that of transverse magnetoelastic waves in an axially magnetized YIG rod whose axis is appropriately oriented relative to the crystallographic axes. In conjunction with a thin film piezoelectric longitudinal‐wave transducer this could form the basis of a useful two‐port device.


This paper presents the analysis of the sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) and space-vector modulation (SVPWM). The analysis involves the relationship between modulation signals and space vectors and the switching patterns of spacevector modulation and the trigger of power electronic device .All the relationships provides a bidirectional bridge for the transformation between sinusoidal PWM modulators and space-vector modulation modulators. It is noted that all the drawn conclusions are independent of the load type. Nevertheless, the implementations of both SPWM and SVPWM circuits are carried out using three phase induction motor as a load.


Tests of the strain sweep, frequency sweep and stress relaxation for raw natural rubber coagulated by microorganisms (NR‑m) and raw natural rubber coagulated by acid (NR‑a) were carried out with the use of a rubber process analyzer (RPA). The results showed that the storage torque, complex viscosity of NR‑m were higher than those of NR‑a while the loss factor was lower. The effect of temperature on viscosity of raw NR was studied following the Arrhenious‑Frenkel‑Eyring model. The viscous flow behavior of NR‑m was poorer than those of NR‑a. Furthermore, stress relaxation measurements of raw NR showed a longer period of relaxation for NR‑m.


The Adler's theory on the excursion characteristic quantity of two-dimension random waves is applied to investigate a two-dimension linear ocean wave field. A expression is derived, in which the mean excursion characteristic quantity is expressed explicitly in terms of spectral moments. This expression is then used to present a formula for calculating the mean number of waves in one cluster surpassing a high reference level. This formula is somewhat different from that given by Glazman. Further, a formula for calculating the mean area per cluster of high waves is also presented. F'inally, some numerical results are given by use of current directional spectrum model of ocean waves to calculate the spectral moments in the relevant formula.


Focusing 185/60R14 radial tire,the nonlinear finite element models with different belt angles are constructed.The reliability of the refined models is adequately evaluated.The computational results of vertical displacement,vertical rigidity and distribution of contact pressure well coincide with the experimental ones.Adopting refined models,effect of belt angle on the mechanical behavior of the radial tire is investigated numerically.It indicates that tire radial deformation under inflation and vertical deformation under static load decrease with the increasing belt angle.However,at the probably dangerous area in tire shoulder,some important parameters such as shear stress S13,Mises stress and strain energy density,vary non-monotonously with the belt angle and reach maximums at 19.4°.In addition,the model with nonuniform belt structure has a perfect performance,with a high vertical rigidity and low numerical values of shear stress,Mises stress and strain energy density in tire shoulder.


Background: Urticaria is a skin disorder characterized by hives with or without angioedema that affects people on a regular basis for at least 6 weeks. The two doshas mainly afflicted by this ailment are Vata and Kapha . When paired with Pitta, they cause skin redness, swelling, and itching. Urticaria is a vascular reaction that causes a broad eruption of pale skin. The symptoms of urticaria are identical to those of Koth, Udarda, and Sheetapitta (urticaria) . One of the symptoms stated by our Acharyas when the body is exposed to unwholesome diet and lifestyle is skin disease . Main Observations: We report that a case of urticaria in a 39-year-old female patient had been complaining of acute itching and rashes all over her body. Result: Ayurvedic remedies were used to treat the patient for 2 months. It was successful in reducing itching and rashes. This case study demonstrates the efficacy of Ayurvedic treatment for Urticaria. Conclusions: The study reached the conclusion that ayurvedic therapy was significantly effective in the treatment of urticaria .


As semiconductor device design rule dimensions continue to shrink, there is a demand for transistor junction depths to decrease. New processes are required that involve lower energy implants but the reduced beam currents available due to space charge limits in beam generation and transport at these lower energies can limit productivity to such a level that other non-implant technologies become attractive. The Applied Materials xR80 implanter uses state of the art beam generation and extraction optics coupled to an open geometry, short beamline to produce enhanced performance to energies down to 2 keV. The xRLEAP significantly increases beam currents at these energies and further reduces the energies at which product worthy beam currents can be obtained by the use of high transmission energy retardation optics added to the xR80 system. The milliampere beam currents achieved down to energies of a few hundred electron volts will extend the capability of ion implantation to manufacture product worthy shallow junction devices.


This study aimed to examine evidences for the validity of the Bender Gradual Scoring System – Bender-Sistema de Pontuacao Gradual (B-SPG). Participants were 237 children of both sexes, mean age 8,48 (SD=0,50), from second- and third-grade in public and private schools. The nine Bender figures, projected by a transparency projector, were applied collectively in a single session. The criterion validity was demonstrated for each grade, third-grade students showed a performance clearly superior to second-grade students. The results suggest the need of further studies to investigate other evidences of validity. Keywords: psychometrics; visual-motor; psychological assessment; Bender Test.