The use of elastic waves in combination with thermal waves allows to separate structural information about investigated components from defect specific thermal signatures. Ultrasound Burst Phase thermography (UBP) is an defect‐selective and fast imaging tool for damage detection. This contribution presents results obtained on various kinds of problems related to modern automobile production (crack detection in grey cast iron and aluminum, characterization of adhesive‐bonded joints etc.). Advances resulting from frequency modulated ultrasound excitation will be presented.


THE EFFECT OF TEACHER LEADER INTERACTIONS WITH TEACHERS ON STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT: A PREDICTIVE STUDY Winifred R. Cohron May 2009 Research literature acknowledges the importance of teacher leadership in school reform initiatives. The literature is replete with qualitative studies describing the experience of teacher leadership in its variety of enactments. The meager amount of existing quantitative data suggests that teacher leadership may have no impact on student learning. This non-experimental, quantitative study examined the relationship between specific teacher leader interactions with teachers and student achievement. Using an online survey, participants responded to online survey questions about their interactions with teachers around five leadership constructs identified by Lambert (1998) and adapted by the researcher with permission from Dr. Lambert and the Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development (ASCD). The constructs included (a) broad-based and skillful participation in the work of leadership; (b) inquiry-based use of information to inform shared decisions and practice; (c) roles and responsibilities that reflect broad involvement and collaboration; (d) reflective practice/innovation as the norm; and, (e) high student achievement. Student achievement was measured using


PURPOSE: A supplying device of sterilizing water for a washing machine is provided to sterilize remaining bacteria in the laundry by producing and spraying the sterilizing water to the laundry inside a washing tub. CONSTITUTION: A washing machine contains a storage tank(31) connected an inlet(35) with a passage of a water supplying valve through a connecting pipe and formed an outlet(37) toward a washing tub; a pair of silver rods(33,34) installed inside water of the storage tank to make sterilizing water through electrolysis and connected with power; an inflow valve(36) to isolate the inlet at the full level of water in the storage tank; and a discharging valve(40) to supply the sterilizing water to the washing tub by opening and closing the outlet. By spraying the sterilizing water to the laundry, the laundry is sterilized.


Based on the theory of structuralism,a survey was held among the English majors who was admitted in 2000 and had taken Japanese as their second foreign language for a semester.After the analysis and test of the related data collected during the survey,a conclusion can be drawn as the following:the multimedia-assisted Japanese language teaching is much superior to the conventional one,i.e.non-multimedia Japanese language teaching.Meanwhile,on the basis of the feedback from the subjects as well as other related information collected in the process of the implementation of the multimedia-assisted teaching model,some suggestions are proposed.


Title: The entrepreneurial educated entrepreneur - A success story?

Seminar date: 2014-06-05

Course: FEKH99: Degree project, undergraduate level, entrepreneurship and innovat-ion management 15 university credit points

Authors: Erik Ehrlinder, Erik von Essen, Matilda Gostasson, Alexander Lind

Advisor: Tobias Scholin

Key words: Entrepreneurship, Education, information- and knowledge competencies, intentions

Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to analyze Entrepreneurship as a subject for higher education.

Methodology: The thesis is founded on an abductive approach based on multiple case study built on semi structured interviews. The empirical data was analysed through a cross case synthesis followed by pattern matching.

Theoretical perspectives: The theoretical approach consists of a custom developed framework, that is completely based on research on entrepreneurship education and skills.

Empirical foundation: We have conducted seven semi structures interviews. Each entrepreneur has run their own business for at least two years.

Conclusions: The results show that entrepreneurship education can contribute to more competent entrepreneurs, however it's prerequisite that the students possess some information and knowledge competences from before. The survey also shows that entrepreneurship education is considered to be most helpful if the individual al-ready has a clear idea or will to start their own business in the near future.


The absorption spectra of phenylalanine and tyrosine in the near ultraviolet are compared with those of toluene and paracresol and an interpretation of the individual bands is proposed.


We present a general fixed point theorem which can be seen as the quintessence of the principles of proof for Banach's Fixed Point Theorem and ultrametric fixed point theorems. It works in a minimal setting, not involving any metrics, only based on the notion of "ball" and the property of "spherical completeness". We demonstrate its applications to the metric and the ultrametric cases, and (in two possible ways) to ordered abelian groups and fields.


The results of a study of foreign practices in the development of management personnel of educational organizations in Australia, Denmark, Finland, France and the United States of America for the presence of markers of a personalized approach are presented. The features of the implementation of a personalized approach to the development of management personnel of foreign educational organizations are revealed and described: the recognition and strict observance of the rights and freedoms, abilities and capabilities of management personnel as a subject of development; the focus of the development system on internal motivation, transformation of common values (education system, the state and society as a whole) in the personal values of management personnel; the continuity of the personnel development system with a focus on the emerging socio-professional experience of the subject of development. The recommendations for the design of the domestic personalized system of development of management personnel of educational organization are developed. The risks identified by the analysis of foreign personalized systems of development of management personnel of educational organizations, which are recommended to take into account in the design and implementation of the relevant domestic system, – are presented: the lack of a systematic approach to the professional development of the head; low integration of the goals and strategies of professional development of the head with the goals and strategy of the educational organization / education system; insufficient orientation of training programs on personalized opportunities, including the accumulated professional and social experience of the subject of development; the lack of a specially trained body of Tutors (mentors, mentors, coaches) in the field of personalized support of the management personnel of the educational organization; a limited number of objective, scientifically based criteria and indicators for assessing the effectiveness of a personified system of personnel development and, as a consequence, the inability to conduct objective monitoring and reflection of the results of the development of management personnel.


count of 27,600/MM3 with 86% lymphocytes and 14% neutrophils. There was mild thrombocytopenia, with a platelet count of 88,000/mm'. Serum electrolyte, glucose, blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine levels, as well as urinalysis results, were all within normal limits. Liver-function test results were abnormal: Aspartate aminotransferase (SGOT) concentrationwas 196~/L (normal, 25 -75 J.l/L), alanine aminotransferase (SGPT) was 96 )H/L (normal, < 54 J.l/L), alkaline phosphatase was 499 p/L (normal, 150-400 g/L), and conjugated bilirubin was 4.9 m~/dL. A radiograph of the chest and


SUMMARY Metalaxyl and fosetyl-Al sponge band and stem paint application methods were tested for the control of Phytophthora root rot of avocado seedlings in the green house.


In recent years, has seen the growth of cybercafes, whose main service offered is the international calling over Internet protocol. So far everyone is provided the technology and services as it can and often copying the competition. It is for this reason that this issue arises: "Design of the business plan for a distributor of minutes to call over VoIP."


Current conceptual models for information fusion, including the JDL model do not consider the fact that their information sources are often based on different ontological bases. We therefore suggest that the Alignment functional process of the JDL model, which caters for space and time common referencing, be augmented with the notional aspect of common ontological alignment We illustrate this with the semiotic triangle and show how symbols relate to conceptualizations which in turn refer to objects of interest within domains of discourse. We then discuss on the notion of ontology alignment and how it is substantiated in a perspective of communication between a source (an addresser) and a fusion node (an addressee. Finally, we discuss on the semantic distance as a result of aligning similar (but not congruent) concepts.


OF SOCIAL VOCALIZATIONS IN THE SONGBIRD FOREBRAIN by BRITTANY ALICIA BELL A thesis submitted to the Graduate School-New Brunswick Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey In partial fulfillment of the requirements For the degree of Master of Science Graduate Program in Psychology Written under the direction of David S. Vicario, Ph.D. And approved by _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________


In this paper, we explore a continuous modeling approach for deep-learning-based speech enhancement, focusing on the denoising process. We use a state variable to indicate the denoising process. The starting state is noisy speech and the ending state is clean speech. The noise component in the state variable decreases with the change of the state index until the noise component is 0. During training, a UNet-like neural network learns to estimate every state variable sampled from the continuous denoising process. In testing, we introduce a controlling factor as an embedding, ranging from zero to one, to the neural network, allowing us to control the level of noise reduction. This approach enables controllable speech enhancement and is adaptable to various application scenarios. Experimental results indicate that preserving a small amount of noise in the clean target benefits speech enhancement, as evidenced by improvements in both objective speech measures and automatic speech recognition performance.


Arctic petroleum exploration has moved offshore into the ice-covered waters of the Beaufort Sea. Artificial earth-fill islands have been used successfully as temporary shallow-water drilling platforms. This paper describes the planning, design, and unique construction methods used in building islands that must withstand the severe climate of the Arctic and forces caused by moving ice.


Poster: "ECR 2014 / C-0013 / A Comparison of Outcomes of the Brain 1H Spectroscopy of Single TE and Multi TE in the Normal Cerebellum" by: "D. K. Kim; Goyang-Si Gyeonggi-Do/KR"


Dr. Steven D. Phillips email@example.com Precision Engineering Division National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899 Introduction In recent years, considerable interest has developed over issues concerning measurement uncertainty and traceability. The motivations for this are many. The globalization of the economy allows industry to outsource workpiece production and inspection on a worldwide scale. Hence component interchangeability (not only between components produced by one supplier but also between the same nominal component produced by several different suppliers) can only be assured only if all suppliers employ metrology to a common set of units (typically the SI units). Similarly, inspection services are frequently outsourced and the magnitude of the measurement uncertainty is taken as a measure of the quality and reliability of the measurement result; so measurement uncertainty is becoming a currency of metrology. Concomitantly, various national and international quality standards and laboratory accreditation programs are being revised to include language addressing measurement uncertainty and traceability. Finally, as workpiece tolerances steadily decrease, the cost of inspection usually increases, thus the ability to easily achieve a 10:1 ratio of the tolerance interval to measurement uncertainty interval is increasingly difficult or impossible. Measurement uncertainty is affecting the economics of production both through the cost of expensive equipment and facilities to perform metrology and in the cost of imperfect decisions, e.g., rejecting conforming workpieces or accepting nonconforming ones. Hence optimizing measurement uncertainty in an economic sense is now becoming an important issue in industry. In response to all of these factors the ASME B89.7 committee was formed to provide some standards and guidance on these topics. This paper discusses some of the current and future work of this and other standards committees.


Based on analysis of traditional tidal measurement,on-the-fly GPS tidal level is presented in this paper.Some key techniques,such as attitude correction,quality control of GPS height,transformation of vertical reference datum and extraction of tidal level,are studied in detail.According to the theory of GPS tidal level measurement,the model of attitude correction is given in the paper.In order to eliminate the influence of abnormal GPS height data for tidal extraction,Kalman filter and Heave modification method are put forward.On the other side,in order to make the on-the-fly GPS tidal measurement practicable,the problem of vertical datum has been analyzed,and the procedure and models in the research are proposed.On the basis of signal processing theory,the comparison is made between extraction of GPS tidal level from instantaneous water surface and measurements at tidal stations based on Butterworth filter.Finally the key techniques are used in experiments,and the results are satisfactory.


Zinc ferrite, a regenerable mixed-metal oxide, is a leading sorbent for removal of H{sub 2}S from hot coal-derived gas streams for integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) applications. Due to several potential advantages of fluid-bed operation, a high-temperature high-pressure bench-scale reactor was constructed and commissioned for testing in the fluid-bed mode. Zinc ferrite was tested at a superficial velocity to minimum fluidization velocity ratio of 3.0. Multicycle testing at 15 atm and 600{degree}C with 5,000 ppmv H{sub 2}S in the inlet simulated fluid-bed coal gasifier (KRW) gas showed that zinc ferrite consistently reduced the H{sub 2}s to under 20 ppmv, in a single-stage fluidized bed at a superficial residence time of {approximately}3 seconds. Prior to reaching a bed outlet H{sub 2}S concentration of 100 ppmv, a sulfur pickup of 12 g per 100 g sorbent was achieved.


Each kind of case occurred in universities has its special cause of formation.It's the problem that can not be neglected for every safeguarding worker.The security of whole school can be ensured by analyzing situation and improving countermeasures so as to cultivate qualified university students with higher comprehensive qualities.


Dimmable load (L) driving the driver (100; 200) is powered from phase cut main power (U1), to determine a dimming condition of the basis of the main power of the cut phase load. Driver load current generating device for generating a load current; and (130 230), the input portion of the load current generating device; controllable auxiliary load connected to the (131 231): and (170 270), the auxiliary load and a; (240 140) control to control the device. Control device includes an input unit for receiving a signal indicative of the instantaneous voltage at the driver input; having (141 241). Load current generating device generates an intermittent current, thereby the average output current corresponds to the dim command that is reflected by the phase-cut angle of the main power supply. Control device turns on the auxiliary loads during a period the output current is zero is generated by the load current generating device.


The relationship between structure of flavonoid natural antioxidant and its antioxidant abilities was studied by using neural network based on the back propagation algorithm.The prediction results were examined by a self-consistency test and a cross-validation test.The self-consistency test and the cross-validation test obtained good results when using the physical property parameters about structure as the inputs,their errors were lower 1%.


By using a linear scalarization function and minimax equalities in scalar case,some types of minimax inequalities for vector-valued functions were established under natural quasi cone convex and properly quasi cone convex assumptions.An example was given to illustrate that the result is a generalization of the corresponding one in reference.


1. Setting Up Mac OS X 10.3. 2. Finder Basics. 3. File Management. 4. Advanced Finder Techniques. 5. Application Basics. 6. Using Mac OS Applications. 7. Using TextEdit. 8. Using Mac OS i-Application. 9. Fonts. 10. Printing and Faxing. 11. Accessing the Internet. 12. .Mac. 13. Using Sherlock. 14. Networking. 15. Multiple Users and Security. 16. The Classic Environment. 17. Unix Basics for Mac OS X. 18. System Preferences. 19. Mac OS Utilities. 20. Getting Help.


OBJECTIVES
Despite comorbidity associated with chronic kidney disease, little data exist applying comorbidity scoring systems to renal transplant recipients. This study compared the performance of 7 established comorbidity scores in predicting mortality after kidney transplantation.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
We retrospectively analyzed prospectively collected data from 2033 incident renal transplant recipients. Comorbidity was assessed at baseline, and the following scores were derived: Recipient Risk Score, Charlson Comorbidity Index, Age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index, Modified End-Stage Renal Disease Charlson Comorbidity Index, Foley Score, Wright-Khan Index, and Davies Index. Cox models investigated the association of each comorbidity score with mortality; performance characteristics were tested using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.

RESULTS
Age-stratified Cox analyses showed the Recipient Risk Score-based model displayed the best fit, and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed the Recipient Risk Score demonstrated greatest predictive use (5-year mortality c-statistic: 0.787). The independent effect of age on mortality was demonstrated after analysis of scores not containing age as a component (the Charlson Comorbidity Index, the Modified End-Stage Renal Disease Charlson Comorbidity Index, the Davies Index); addition of age to these scores improved fit.

CONCLUSIONS
Of the currently available comorbidity scores, the Recipient Risk Score demonstrated greatest use. This has implications for deceased-donor allocation algorithms, assessment of confounders in clinical research, and potentially, individual patient management.


The tempering behaviors of nitrogen (N) martensite have been carried out mainly in stainless steels and high nitrogen binary alloys so far, and the influence of alloying element in low alloys has not been clarified yet. In this study, the tempering behavior of iron-nitrogen-based martensitic alloys containing 0.3 mass%N at temperatures between 100 °C and 550 °C was investigated by quantitative analysis of the corresponding changes in hardness and volume fraction of precipitates. The Vickers hardness was around 500 HV for of as-quenched specimens, and monotonously decreased to 300 HV with increasing tempering temperature due to the precipitation of "-Fe16N2 at the low tempering temperature region and that of '-Fe4N at high tempering temperature region in the case of the Fe-0.3N alloy. The Si-added alloy shows similar tendency to the Fe-0.3N alloy whereas the Mo or Mn-added alloys show resistance to temper softening at temperatures above 300 °C. On the other hand, in the Cradded alloy, hardness significantly increases upon tempering at temperatures above 300 °C. Structural steels require having a good balance of strength and toughness. Martensitic steels are industrially very important because of their very high strength. However they also tend to be brittle in as-quenched conditions, and an optimum balance of strength and toughness is provided by tempering heat treatment. The effect of nitrogen on the martensitic transformation has been investigated in various nitrogen-bearing martensitic steels so far. Fe-C and Fe-N martensites have been found to have much in common in terms of lattice parameter, Ms temperature, and dislocation density under the same carbon/nitrogen content [1-2]. It also has been reported that as-quenched Fe-N martensite decomposes by tempering in the following processes [3]. (1) transformation of retained austenite into martensite in the temperature range between -160 °C and -40 °C, (2) segregation and ordering of nitrogen atoms below 100 °C, (3) precipitation of incoherent ''-Fe16N2 between 100 °C and 220 °C, (4) conversion of ''-Fe16N2 into '-Fe4N between 220 °C and 290 °C, and (5) decomposition of retained austenite between 240 °C and 350 °C. This tempering behavior is quite similar to Fe-C alloy. For the influence of alloying elements in nitrogen martensite, there have been many kinds of researches using high Cr steel with a focused on stainless steel [4]. Tsuchiyama et al. investigated the influence of nitrogen and carbon addition in martensitic stainless steels and reported that both alloys have lath martensite structure and there is a difference in packet size in the interstitial element concentration range of 0 to 0.3 mass% [5]. In addition, Berns et al. investigated the influence of nitrogen and carbon on the tempering behavior of 15mass%Cr-1mass%Mo steel, and significant secondary hardening in nitrogen steel due to the precipitation of CrN by tempering at 450 °C was reported [6]. As described above, most of the studies on tempering behavior of nitrogen martensite have been performed for high nitrogen Fe-N binary alloys and stainless steels. Therefore, the influence of alloying element in low alloy steels has not been clarified yet. In this study, the tempering behavior of ironnitrogen-based martensitic alloys containing 0.3 mass%N at temperatures between 100 °C and 550 °C was investigated by quantitative analysis of the corresponding changes in hardness and volume fraction of precipitates. 2. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE Pure iron and Fe-1mass%M (M : Si, Cr, Mn, Mo) alloys were used as starting materials. The composition of these alloy is listed in Table 1. Each alloy was homogenized and cut and polished into the dimensions of 14h × 8w × 0.5t mm. After rinsing with acetone, they were subjected to N-Q treatment [7] to obtain nitrogen-containing martensite. During the N-Q treatment, a mixed gas of H2 and NH3 was * Corresponding author. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, telephone: +81 22 215 2231. Proceedings of the 5 International Symposium on Steel Science (ISSS 2017) Nov. 13-16, 2017, Kyoto, Japan: The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan


Acknowledgments ix Who Is Who in the Peronist Network xiii Introduction: The Day of the Rally Complaining about T-shirts on Peron's Birthday 1 1. "They Were Mostly Poor People" Poverty and Inequality in Contemporary Buenos Aires 29 2. "Most of Them Were Coming from Villa Paraiso" History and Lived Experiences of Shantytown Dwellers 45 3. "They Knew Matilde" The Problem-Solving Network 80 4. "We Will Fight Forever, We Are Peronists" Eva Peron as a Public Performance 119 5. The "Clientelist" Viewpoint How Shantytown Dwellers Perceive and Evaluate Political Clientelism 152 6. "They Were All Peronists" The Remnants of the Populist Heresy 182 Conclusions Problem Solving through Political Mediation as a Structure of Feeling 205 Epilogue Last Rally 215 Notes 219 Bibliography 237 Index 255


Although clinically significant symptoms of anxiety or depression are present in nearly one in two people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), little is known about how these symptoms may relate to social motivation, a key construct in the etiology of ASD. The aim of the current study was to examine patterns of anxiety, depression, ASD symptomatology, and social motivation in youth with ASD. Using a large public dataset of well-characterized youth with ASD (N = 195), we examined varying patterns of these symptoms via latent profile analysis (LPA). Three distinct classes emerged: one with moderate ASD severity and low levels of comorbid psychopathology, a second with more severe ASD symptoms and similarly low anxiety and depression, and a third with significantly elevated anxiety and depression. Neither sex nor age differed significantly among these classes, and indices of social interest early in development did not predict class membership. Implications of these symptom patterns for assessment and treatment of comorbidity in ASD are discussed. Profiles of Internalizing Symptomatology and Social Motivation in Youth with ASD Isaac C. Smith GENERAL AUDIENCE ABSTRACT A large proportion of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience symptoms of anxiety and depression. Anxiety and depression might be related to social motivation, which is a key concept associated with the development of ASD. The current study examined variation in anxiety, depression, social motivation, and ASD symptom severity in a large sample of youth with ASD. Individuals in the sample were classified in groups by a statistical model. Models produced three separate groups: one group with moderate symptoms of ASD and relatively low levels of anxiety and depression, a second with more severe ASD symptoms and similarly low anxiety and depression, and a final group with moderate ASD symptoms and high anxiety and depression. Social motivation was strongest in the first and second groups, and low social motivation was strongly associated with anxiety and depression symptoms. Age and sex did not predict group membership, nor did items measuring social motivation early in development. Implications of these symptom patterns for the assessment and treatment of anxiety and depression in ASD are discussed.


In this article, an adaptive neural network control system is proposed for a quarter car electrohydraulic active suspension system coping with dynamic nonlinearities and uncertainties. The proposed control system is primarily designed to stabilize a sprung mass position of the quarter car electrohydraulic active suspension. Linear controllers such as the proportional–integral–differential controller have limited control performances. The limited control performances are caused by dynamic phenomena such as nonlinearity, parametric uncertainties, and stiff external disturbances. To overcome these dynamic phenomena, we propose a combined adaptive radial basis function neural network with a backstepping control system for a quarter car active suspension system. This setup can handle the unmatched model uncertainty of the system, while the adaptive neural network can take care of its unknown smoothing functions. In general, radial basis function neural network can represent a complicated function, and therefore, semi-strict-feedback dynamic systems are considered to simplify the adaptive neural network control design. Simulation results are indicated to illustrate adaptive neural network control effectiveness.


With a small foursensor planar array,the beamspace coherent signalsubspace method(BSCSM) applied to the orientation of wideband sources is studied,and its performance analysed.Measured helicopter noise is used to simulate output of array elements as wideband sources,which are made to have certain directions of arrival(DOA).The BSCSM,CSM(coherent signalsubspace method) and ICSM(incoherent signalsubspace method) are employed respectively to estimate sources DOAs and accurately distinguished.Performance of the proposed method is compared with other methods mentioned in this paper with computer simulation.The beamspace method provides performance better than the other two methods in terms of simulation results,error analysis,and resolution estimation of angles of arrival of multiple wideband plane sources.


Objective Toanalyze the status of arterioveneous fistula occlusionin in hemodialysis patients and its impact factor.Methods The status of arterioveneous fistula occlusion in 242 patients with HD was observed in the period from January,2004 to December,2009.Results Among 242 patients 32 people occured fistula occlusion for 42 times,fistula occlusion rate was 17.4%.Usage time of fistula was(17.9±19.6)months(0.5-74 months)in fistula occlusion group.4 cases were dead due to fistula occlusion that couldn't hemodialyze,the mortality rate was 1.7%.As compared with the non-diabetes group,the usage time of fistula in the diabetes group was significantly reduced (25.9±20.8)months v.s.(4.8±5.4)months,t=2.796,P0.01).As compared with the chronic glomerulonephritis group,the incidence rate of the fistula occlusion in the diabetes group was significantly increased(11.5%v.s.17.6%, X2=4.370,P0.05).Conclusion The major factors of arterioveneous fistula occlusion are diabetes,poor vascular condition,low blood pressure,early use of fistula and log-time fistula compression.


Objective:To optimize the chromatographic conditions of HPLC for the separation and determination of plant hormones indoles-3-acetic acid(IAA), zeatin(ZT), gibberellic acid(GA3) and abscisic acid(ABA).To understand the regular changes of the content of four endogenous hormones as well as the rates of different plant hormones, and to discuss the effect of different extraneous hormones to the endogenous hormones during somatic embryogenesis of Gossypium hirsutum L..Methods:HPLC was used including a system of Surveyor LC Pump Plus, a Surveyor PDA Plus Detector.Results:The content of four endogenous hormones changed regularly during somatic embryogenesis:ZT, ABA, ABA / GA3 and ABA / IAA(low-high);GA3(low-high-low);ZT / IAA(high-low-high-low).The endogenous hormones content and growth situation changed differently under the effect of different hormone combination in the callus induction.Conclusions:The results have a certain sense of adjusting and allocating the proportion of different plant hormones in the tissue culture.These four kinds of different endogenous hormones are all important factors to the callus induction;suitable content and appropriate proportion control the differentiation and dedifferentiation of the explants;each hormone cooperate with each other to promote the cell growth and differentiation.


Autophagy is the phenomenon that cell phagocytose itself in eukaryotic organism. In physiological condition,autophagy can maintain the stability of environment in vivo. Autophagy plays an important role in the process of many diseases. Studies prove that autophagy participates in the process of ischemia / reperfusion injury. However,it may play different roles in the 2 processes. In the process of ischemia,autophagy can protect cells,while in the process of reperfusion,autophagy may aggravate cell injury and even lead to cell death.


Objective To study the isolation and resistance tendency of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii to antimicrobial agents from 2005 to 2009 to provide valuable data for infection prevention and therapy.Methods The review analyzes during for 2005~2009 years in all specimens Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii separative rate,the strain bears the medicine rate in the specimen and the ward distribution and to 14 kinds of antimicrobial agent. Results There was an increasing tendency of isolation rates of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii every year,which was 0.44 in 2005 but 1.48 in 2009. In the five years,there was the highest isolation rate of 72.34%in specimens from respiratory tract,the next was from the urine(8.42%) ,and blood(4.40%) . Concerning the wards distribution.ICU had the highest rate of 47.80%.In 2005,Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii had resistance rates more than 50 only to four kinds of antimicrobial agents.but in 2009,it had increased to thirteen kinds(except cefoperazone/sulbactam) .About the fourteen kinds of antimicrobial agents we inspected,that were increased in their resistance rate.The highest increasing of resistance rate was Ciprofloxacin from 31.7%in 2005 to 75.2%in 2009,Tobramycin was second for 36.9%to 75.2%,and the third was Gentamicin fom 40.5%to 78.3%,while there still was an increasing resistance tendency to them.Conclusion Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii clinical separative rate is increasing year by year,it has the high drug resistance to the most antibiotics,also bears the medicine rate to assume year by year the trend of escalation south,cultivates in particular to the imines bears the medicine rate fast growth,should cause the clinical anti-infection treatment to take highly.


To understand mafia persistence over time and address the problem of the impact of law enforcement interventions on criminal groups, some scholars have introduced the concept of resilience into organized crime research; this refers to the ability of criminal groups to deal with ongoing changes and reorganize themselves accordingly. Adopting a network approach to organized crime and drawing on previous studies on criminal network resilience, this study analyses the evolution of two 'Ndrangheta criminal groups over around two years, seeking to understand how they adapted to the external pressure of law enforcement agencies, and to identify the mechanisms that drove their evolution and the structural changes that they experienced.
The results show that the two mafia groups had several sources of resilience. The possibility to rely on non-economic ties, which are not the consequence of their participation in illegal markets, enabled the mafia groups to rapidly, though partially, replace the actors arrested. A less prominent role of the formal hierarchy of the 'Ndrangheta in criminal networks mainly involved in drug trafficking instead gave rise to a more flexible internal configuration.


Device and procedure for print setting on a rotating by adjusting the relative position of the printing rollers (3, 7, 8) taking part in the transfer of ink, being movable at least part of these rollers print (7, 8) through drive control (M1 to M4) own both jointly and independently between them, so that the printing rollers (3, 7, 8) taking part in the printing process can be set between them, characterized in that there is provided at least one camera (K) which records the impression (10) in the tape printing material (17), which supplies the captured images consecutively to a control unit and regulating (13 ) electronics, and in that the control and regulating unit (13) generates signals for actuators for adjusting at least part of the printing rollers (3, 7, 8) taking part in the printing process and in tinting until printing is formed without loss of surface.


Starting from the analysis on the necessity of constructing postgraduate-s academic degree dissertation database, and based on expounding the functions of TPI, this paper introduces the construction and developing procedures of postgraduate's academic degree dissertation database in the library of Xi'an University of Science and Technology, and advances some problems needing attention in the construction of the database.


A high temperature mass spectrometric investigation of the congruent vaporization of vanadium monosulfide, VS(s), from 1700 to 2000°K has shown that the two principal vaporization reactions produce VS(g) and V(g) + S(g) with a minor contribution from the reaction to produce VS2(g) + V(g). Thermodynamic results were obtained from three investigations of the congruent vaporization of the stoichiometric monosulfide. The second law enthalpy changes for the vaporization reactions at absolute zero were calculated from the experimental data and by use of a measured low temperature heat capacity for VS(s), estimated heat capacities for the solid above room temperature and for the vapor molecules, and literature values for the heat capacities of the atomic species. The Δ H0° values obtained and the estimated uncertainties are: 143±3 kcal for the reaction to form VS(g), 259±5 kcal for the reaction to form V(g) + S(g), and 144±5 kcal for the reaction to form ½ VS2(g) + ½ V(g). Ionic fragmentation of VS+ is considere...


A novel cold-wall single-wafer lamp-heated rapid thermal/ microwave remote-plasma multiprocessing (RTMRPM) reactor has been developed for multilayer in-situ growth and deposition of dielectrics, silicon, and metals. This equipment is the result of an attempt to enhance semiconductor processing equipment versatility, to improve process reproducibility and uniformity, to increase growth and deposition rates at reduced processing temperatures, and to achieve in-situ processing. For high-performance MOS VLSI applications, a variety of selective and nonselective tungsten deposition processes were investigated in this work. The tungsten-gate MOS devices fabricated using the remote-plasma multiprocessing techniques exhibited negligible plasma damage and near-ideal electrical characteristics. The flexibility of the reactor allows independent optimization of each process step yet permits multiprocessing.


Abstract Enthalpies of dissolution of C60and C70ino-xylene, toluene, and CS2have been measured by a Calvet MS-80 microcalorimeter at temperatures from 293.15 K to 313.15 K. It was observed that the dissolution of C60in the three organic solvents in the above range of temperatures was exothermic, while the dissolution of C70in the same three solvents was endothermic. The enthalpy of dissolution of C70showed a minimum at 308.15 K. The experimental results were discussed.


The effective Biot governing equations and the boundary conditions are applied to derive the exact frequency dependent reflection coefficients of normal incident (NI) P-waves through a pure elastic medium on the interface of a effective Biot media (DPDP media). The frequency dependence of the reflection coefficients is calculated for three models; dim-out interface, phase-shift interface and bright-spot interface. We show that the simple acoustic reflection coefficients, without consideration of the slow P-waves, have sufficient accuracy compared with the exact DPDP solution over the typical seismic frequency range.


This study develops an understanding on human dimension approach of adaptation with special context to Indian agriculture. The study conducts a micro-level assessment of farmer's perception and adaptation responses based on survey data analysis of 200 farm household from two districts, i.e., Jalaun and Jhansi of Bundelkhand region. The study finds perceive and adapt cognitive condition to the main adaptation condition. The study recognizes the importance of social relations for developing an understanding of climate change. Government sources are found to be less impactful in delivering climate information along with other hypothesized sources. The study results provide a useful guide for identifying region-specific adaptation strategies options like, adoption of disease resistant seed varieties and use of new plant protection chemicals to deal with climate change. The role of government needs to be escalated in providing appropriate and adequate climate information to the farmers. Policy action is needed in creating awareness, increasing faith on reliability and accuracy of climate information services by the government.


Aim: Modifications in long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) expression are associated with inflammation and fibrosis in chronic liver diseases. It has been recently demonstrated that human liver stem cells (HLSCs) and their extracellular vesicles (EVs) can effectively reduce inflammation and fibrosis in a murine model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Now it has been evaluated whether EVs can modify the expression of inflammation-related lncRNAs in NASH liver.
Methods: To induce NASH, severe combined immunodeficient mice were fed with a methionine-choline-deficient diet for 4 weeks. After 2 weeks of diet, 2.5 × 109 EVs were intravenously injected twice a week. An array of 84 inflammation-related lncRNAs was performed on the RNA isolated from NASH livers, and the expression of 14 selected lncRNAs was then validated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. Expression levels of maternally expressed gene 3 (Meg3) were further evaluated in vitro, in an activated human hepatic immortalized stellate cell line (LX-2) stimulated with EVs.
Results: The screening showed an altered lncRNA expression profile in the liver of NASH mice, in respect to control healthy mice. EV treatment modulated several inflammation-related lncRNAs in NASH livers. Real-time PCR validation of array results indicated that EVs restored to normal levels the expression of 10 lncRNAs altered in NASH. In particular, EV stimulation reduced Meg3 expression levels, which were increased in NASH as well as in activated LX-2.
Conclusions: HLSC-EVs regulate the expression of inflammation-related lncRNAs impaired in NASH livers and in an in vitro model of liver fibrosis.


or in other countries with associated Reproduction Rights Organizations, may make photocopies in accordance with the licences issued to them for this purpose. The designations employed in ILO publications, which are in conformity with United Nations practice, and the presentation of material therein do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the International Labour Office concerning the legal status of any country, area or territory or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers. The responsibility for opinions expressed in signed articles, studies and other contributions rests solely with their authors, and publication does not constitute an endorsement by the International Labour Office of the opinions expressed in them. Reference to names of firms and commercial products and processes does not imply their endorsement by the International Labour Office, and any failure to mention a particular firm, commercial product or process is not a sign of disapproval. ILO publications can be obtained through major booksellers or ILO local offices in many countries, or direct from ILO Publications, International Labour Office, CH-1211 Geneva 22, Switzerland. Catalogues or lists of new publications are available free of charge from the above address, or by Background and aims This exploratory study is part of a four-country study undertaken by the International Labour Organization (ILO) in Geneva, Switzerland, on vocational skills acquisition and employment experiences of people with disabilities. The aims of the study were: • to identify effective strategies for vocational skills acquisition by persons with disabilities leading to productive work; and • to promote training policies and effective methods of training and employment services delivery for individuals with different types of disabilities, particularly in mainstream training institutions. The specific questions asked included the following: • Are skills acquisition opportunities being accessed and by whom and what type of opportunities? • Do these skills acquisition opportunities lead to employment in the open labour market? • What are the major barriers and facilitators to skills development? • What are the major barriers to employment? • What overall effective strategies are identified in the survey and case studies? Methodology The methodology in South Africa included three components: • A survey of 318 people with disabilities, spread across people with four different types of disabilities (hearing, vision, physical and intellectual) and who were either skilled and employed, skilled and unemployed, or unskilled (employed or unemployed). • A series of 21 …


In this paper, metallocene based LLDPE (mLLDPE) extra-fine fiber , which can not be processed by a common solution electrospinning method.was successfully prepared via a melt electrospinning method. First, a self-designed melt electrospinning device was manufctured and it was used to produce mLLDPE fibers . Then LLDPE extra-fine fiber was successfully prepared by addition of viscosity-reducing additive such as wax, and the resulted fiber was charctered by SEM. Last, the optimal parameters for the preparation of mLLDPE fiber was determined. The experimental results show that commercial mLLDPE can hardly be processed to fibers because of its high viscosity. The diameter and morphology of resulted mLLDPE electrospun fibers depend on the electrospinning parameters such as electric field strength and collecting distance.


PurposeWhich venture capital is more beneficial in the product innovation of entrepreneurial ventures? The authors study the drawbacks and different effects of corporate venture capital (CVC) and independent venture capital (IVC) on the effectiveness and efficiency of product innovation in entrepreneurial ventures to answer this question.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses a panel dataset of 502 high-tech ventures and runs the Heckman model to correct potential endogeneity issues.FindingsThe authors find that CVC increases the product innovation effectiveness of entrepreneurial ventures, but decreases their efficiency. IVC reduces innovation effectiveness and enhances efficiency. However, CVC performs less positively, while IVC performs more positively in terms of innovation effectiveness and efficiency in the B2B market than in the B2C market.Practical implicationsThis study provides insights into how to leverage venture capital to develop new products effectively and efficiently.Originality/valueThis study moves beyond the current understanding of the finance-marketing interface. It delineates the two faces of venture capital and reveals the joint effects of equity stakes and market stakes between different types of venture capital and transaction markets in product innovation.


In the course of dissections to expose the adrenal glands of the common shrew, Sorex araneus, an unusual pale body was seen lying in the upper part of the abdominal cavity, behind the stomach and close to the liver and right kidney. A preliminary examination showed that this was lymphoid tissue, but with some unusual histological features. Search of the literature brought to light descriptions of large mesenteric lymphoid aggregates, referred to as the pancreas Aselli, in carnivores (cat, Reighard & Jennings, 1957; dog, Ellenberger & Baum, 1894), but failed to reveal any reference to a comparable structure in the shrew. Accordingly a more careful study of the body was undertaken. During this work a second (para-aortic) body of similar structure was found. In this paper the larger of the two structures is referred to as the 'large lymphoid organ', and the smaller as the 'para-aortic node'. A preliminary report of the findings was published in the Proceedings of the Anatomical Society (Holmes, 1964).


Objective: To observe the clinical effect of Yuebi plus Pinellia Decoction combined withwestern medicine on the treatment of SIRS patients caused by pneumonia with serum TNF-a,IL-6,CRP effects.Methods: The patients were randomly divided into one treatment group and one control group.Both 2 groups were treated with western standard treatment programs.The treatment group was added with Yuebi plus Pinellia Decoction.7 days was a course of treatment.The changes took place in the MODS incidence of SIRS patients in the treatment group and the indicators of the serum TNF-a,IL-6 and CRP in the patients.Results: Compared with the control group,the incidence of MODS in the treatment group clinically reduced and the effect of the serum TNF-a,IL-6 and CRP in the patients also lowered.The difference was statistically significant(P0.05).Conclusion: Based on the standard treatment in western medicine,Yuebi plus Pinellia Decoction can improve the clinical symptoms of the patients and reduce the incidence of MODS in patients,which might be related to the lowering of the serum TNF-a and IL-6 levels in the patients.


Maritime Economics includes Port, Shipbuilding and Shipping economics with two important, but unresolved so far, issues/questions: 1) Is the vessel the firm (?) and 2) Is the tanker market perfectly competitive? These issues were thoroughly analyzed. There is also the opinion of Professor Button K (2005), about maritime economists, which we considered it necessary to evaluate. A review of Prof. Goss' paper on "early history of maritime economics" (2002), as well his entire contribution, is also carried-out as an obituary1 to his recent death. Reference is also made to Prof. Talley's research (2013) on "maritime economics" (2001-2012) in order to show the progress of this relatively new science of applied economics. Finally, the state of the tanker market, after 1987, and till 2010, is presented to connect past with present.


This article depicts a very tight review of what the language experience has produced in the philosophical and literary writing regarding, in particular, those features of the hermeneutical ontology involved in antropological-educational issues. It implies preparing a focus on the language that goes beyond its objectivation and also goes beyond the representative, expressive and communicative conception that are given to us through science and common sense. It also implies showing what the hermeneutical ontology can provide us with in the educational field. This article intends no more than contributing to arouse, in the educational dominion, an atention and a sensitivity towards the language and towards our relantionship with it, to be restless in this relationship, make it insecure and problematic and, if possible, take it into thought (and the language)


The purpose of this research is to test the applica bi ty of ball burnishing for improving surface int egrity produced in hard machining on parts made of high-st reng h, low alloy 41Cr4 steel with hardness of abou t 57 HRC. Machined surfaces were characterized using 2D and 3D scanning techniques. Moreover, the distribut ion of microhardness beneath the surface was determined a d the microstucture of the sublayer was examine d using SEM/EDS technique. This investigation confirms that b ll burnishing allows producing surfaces with acc eptable surface roughness and better service properties. Th e main conclusion is that this sequential technolog y can partly eliminate grinding operations when hard machining i s not enough to produce the desired surface integri ty.


The mathematical model is suggested describing a typical clinical situation when a clot in blood vessel is detected, the problem being to estimate the time interval between the drug injection and its action on the clot. We consider pulsing blood flow in cylindrical vessel with variable boundary, the Navier-Stokes equation being used for simplifying the problem. Taking into account the incompressibility of the liquid in question, we introduce the current function to satisfy the continuity equation in axially symmetric case. In the vicinity of the axis we search for the solution to the Navier-Stokes equation in the polynomial form with respect to the radial coordinate, the coefficients depending on the time and the longitudinal coordinate not surpassing the length of the vessel. The fluid velocity is supposed to be periodic in time. The main difficulty concerns the variable form of the vessel boundary consistent with the flow and harmonic in time, the small periodic variation being considered as a perturbation. Finally, the approximate expression for the range of time in question is obtained.


Significance Color discrimination in animals is considered to require opponent processing of signals from two or more opsins sensitive to different parts of the spectrum. We previously reported that lower vertebrate pineal organs, which discriminate between UV and visible light, employ a bistable opsin called parapinopsin that has two stable photointerconvertible states, a signaling-inactive state maximally sensitive to UV and a visible light-sensitive signaling-active photoproduct. Here, we present evidence that the photoequilibrium between these two states in the zebrafish pineal organ is dependent on the spectral composition of incident light, setting the opsin's signaling activity according to color to allow parapinopsin alone to generate color opponency between UV and visible light at the level of single pineal photoreceptor cells. Lower vertebrate pineal organs discriminate UV and visible light. Such color discrimination is typically considered to arise from antagonism between two or more spectrally distinct opsins, as, e.g., human cone-based color vision relies on antagonistic relationships between signals produced by red-, green-, and blue-cone opsins. Photosensitive pineal organs contain a bistable opsin (parapinopsin) that forms a signaling-active photoproduct upon UV exposure that may itself be returned to the signaling-inactive "dark" state by longer-wavelength light. Here we show the spectrally distinct parapinopsin states (with antagonistic impacts on signaling) allow this opsin alone to provide the color sensitivity of this organ. By using calcium imaging, we show that single zebrafish pineal photoreceptors held under a background light show responses of opposite signs to UV and visible light. Both such responses are deficient in zebrafish lacking parapinopsin. Expressing a UV-sensitive cone opsin in place of parapinopsin recovers UV responses but not color opponency. Changes in the spectral composition of white light toward enhanced UV or visible wavelengths respectively increased vs. decreased calcium signal in parapinopsin-sufficient but not parapinopsin-deficient photoreceptors. These data reveal color opponency from a single kind of bistable opsin establishing an equilibrium-like mixture of the two states with different signaling abilities whose fractional concentrations are defined by the spectral composition of incident light. As vertebrate visual color opsins evolved from a bistable opsin, these findings suggest that color opponency involving a single kind of bistable opsin might have been a prototype of vertebrate color opponency.


This report gives a better emphasis on the role of targeted effectors (e.g. a combination of 5-FC with CD-NSPCs as compared to the application of NSPCs alone) and how such delivery of pro-drug activating enzymes and other tumor-killing substances may overcome melanocytic defence system, interact with and promote the host defence and immune response modulations not only in melanoma but, potentially, in other highly-metastatic cancers.


Software design lifecycle application to a real world project is a critical skill required by the undergraduate computer engineer. Interaction with the local professional software development community is also an equally important opportunity that should be provided. This fosters growth of both technical and soft skills, and exposes the student to standards and working practices in providing quality software solutions for customers. This paper describes the structure of a group-based software development project that integrates industry mentors in the learning and assessment processes. Industry liaisons are given a forum to elucidate some of the industry's requirements of students in terms of knowledge of software design and industrial standards; students gain better understanding of some of the processes which take place in an actual industrial setting; and university curriculum gains industry relevance. The impact of this project is yet to be fully assessed. Assessment can be determined from two aspects: (1) in terms of the benefit to the student (effectiveness of learning objectives achieved, and motivation gained from project based learning and group work) and (2) the impact of providing industry led mentorship.


A system for verifying forgery/alteration of an e-document automatically is provided to verify the e-document automatically by extracting an original e-document from a 2D(Dimensional) barcode of the e-document, and comparing the extracted information and contents of the e-document. An electronic document issuance system(200) receives forgery/alteration determination information, and a scanner(110) scans an e-document issued/outputted. A scanner interface(120) receives an image through the scanner. A 2D barcode extractor(130) extracts information stored in the 2D barcode by detecting a 2D barcode image from an e-document image received through the scanner interface and decoding the detected 2D barcode. An image data converter(140) converts a body image of the e-document into data to be compared with the 2D barcode information. A forgery/alteration determiner(150) determines forgery/alteration of the e-document by comparing e-document body data obtained from the 2D barcode with the e-document body data converted from the body image. A display unit(160) displays a forgery/alteration determination result on a screen. A controller(180) provides a controlling process for each component.


From 25.03. to 30.03.2007, the
Dagstuhl Seminar 07131 ``Similarity-based Clustering and its Application to Medicine and Biology'' was held in the International Conference and Research Center (IBFI), Schloss Dagstuhl.
During the seminar, several participants presented their current
research, and ongoing work and open problems were discussed. Abstracts of
the presentations given during the seminar as well as abstracts of
seminar results and ideas are put together in this paper. The first section
describes the seminar topics and goals in general.
Links to extended abstracts or full papers are provided, if available.


This research was carried out in Machalilla National Park (PNM) specifically on the red-footed,
machete, nazca, frigates and cliffs trails, in which the Red-footed booby (Sula sula) and the
incidence of the ecological factor (environmental temperature) were studied in the natural
processes of this seabird. The main objective of this study is to determine the ecological factor
and its incidence in the red-footed booby (Sula sula) of island of silver. The methodology
proposed is focused on the use of techniques such as observation and the census, the
measurement of the abiotic ecology factor environmental temperature was performed at times
from 9:00 to 9:30 am and from 13:30 to 14:00 pm, during the months of September, October
and November, the ambient temperature in breeding time of the red-footed booby was averaged
on the island of silver and compared to two islands that have stable pickie populations. A
population census was executed on this bird which I seek to identify the number of individuals
that the island of silver currently owns. The results obtained in the measurement of ambient
temperature revealed that the month with the highest temperature is November with an average
of 29.5oC which is higher than the temperature of 2017 at 26.1oC, it was also determined that
the temperature range at the breeding time ranges from 23.3oC to 29.5oC and that compared to
the two islands chosen the ranges do not depart from each other, specifically the Island of Oahu
with a range ranging from 21.6oC to 30oC and the Archipelago of Fernando de Noronha with a
temperature range that is between 25oC and 28oC, determining that this factor is relevant in the
correct reproductive process of this seabird. Identifying the nesting and resting areas of the redfooted booby, a total of 12 nests and 4 resting points were located between the footed red and
nazca footpath, as far as population diagnosis was determined, demonstrating an increase the
9 individuals in the population of red-footed booby compared to previous years and denoting
an improvement in population health.


This paper deals with identification of automated Discrete Event Systems (DES). A method for processing sequences of input/output signals from PLC-based controlled DES is proposed; it yields an interpreted Petri net model describing the closed-loop behavior of the automated DES. This new method extends a previously presented approach by taking into account the technological characteristics of industrial controllers and the data collection requirements. Based on polynomial-time algorithms, the method is implemented as an efficient software tool; its use is illustrated through a case study dealing with an automated manufacturing system.


Cognitive radio has been recognized as an answer to problem of limited spectrum in wireless communication. In this paper, the Bit-error-rate (BER) of secondary users in Cognitive radio network has been reduced using the Biography-based optimization (BBO) and Particle swarm optimization (PSO) techniques by maximizing the channel gains. For each secondary transmitter antenna, the channel gain for secondary to secondary link and secondary to primary link is optimized and the data is sent from an antenna using constrained difference selection method, showing maximum gain. Other than selection of antenna, another constraint for the optimization is the transmit power for secondary user. The BER has been improved for various values of Signalto-noise ratio (SNR) over which the transmission took place. It is proved from the simulation results that the average BER has been reduced by 8.571% and 5.229% with BBO and PSO respectively. It has been shown that BBO and PSO have a trade-off between reduction of average SNR and Time elapsed. BBO takes 0.048169 seconds for calculation whereas PSO does the same in 0.036195 seconds. At last, practical applications of both techniques are discussed.


High wind speed (U) is one of the most dangerous natural hazards in North America and Europe. As a result, spatially explicit, statistical estimation of extreme U is of particular relevance for many sectors. However, the most common sources of wind speed data such as reanalysis data and in situ measurements are limited for this purpose due to their coarse spatial resolution and low representativeness. Thus, the main goal was to develop a high spatial resolution (250 m × 250 m) model (GloWiSMo‐X) for monthly mapping of the maximum hourly U for a 10‐year return period (U10yr) in North America and Europe. The multistep development of GloWiSMo‐X is based on 2544 hourly U time series available from the integrated surface global hourly meteorological data set (UNCEI), U time series from ERA5 (UERA5), and mean wind speed from the Global Wind Speed Model ( U¯GloWiSMo ). Firstly, the block maxima method was applied to estimate monthly wind speed for a 10‐year return period for both UNCEI (U10yr,NCEI) and UERA5 (U10yr,ERA5). Secondly, the least squares boosting approach was used to predict the target variable U10yr,NCEI yielding the predictions Û10yr . The predictor variables U10yr,ERA5, U¯GloWiSMo , continent, and month were used as input. It was found that the highest monthly continental means of Û10yr ( U¯10yr ) in January are 16.4 m/s in North America and 16.3 m/s in Europe. U¯10yr dropped to 13.4 m/s and 12.5 m/s in August. The annual cycle of U¯10yr is more pronounced in Europe than in North America. The central parts of the USA and Western Europe were identified as intracontinental regions with the highest U¯10yr . GloWiSMo‐X proves to be very broadly applicable as it covers two different continents and all months. The model validation by the mean squared error (MSE) demonstrates its improved predictive power compared to ERA5.


We study the use of auxiliary samples for efficiency gains in the estimation of a finite-dimensional parameter value defined by a set of moment restrictions on a target population. The target population may be an artificial construct defined in terms of the observability of variables forming the moment vector. Multiple variables forming the moment vector may be missing jointly or individually from all but one of the primary and the auxiliary samples; hence there exist the so-called complete data cases. Efficiency gains are discussed in terms of the semiparametric efficiency bounds under the use of different auxiliary samples along with the primary sample as the observed data. The underlying population of the observed data may or may not contain the target population, and identification is obtained by a convenient version of the missing at random assumption.


This text demonstrates how matters of style - diction, manners, sensibility, decor and charisma - influence politics. In critical studies of classic texts, the author identifies four dominant political styles. The realist style, as found in Machiavelli's "The Prince", creates a world of sheer power, constant calculation and emotional control; this style is the common sense of modern political science. The courtly style, depicted in Kapuscinski's "The Emperor", is characterized by high decorousness, hierarchies and fixation on the body of the sovereign; this style infuses mass media coverage of the American presidency. The republican style, reflected in Cicero's letters to Atticus, promotes the art of oratory, consensus and civility; it informs our ideal of democratic conversation. The bureaucratic style, as captured in Kafka's "The Castle", emphasizes institutional procedures, official character and the priority of writing; this style structures everday life. Hariman looks at effective political artistry in figures from antiquity to modern politicians such as Vaclav Havel, Ronald Reagan and Bill Clinton. He discusses the crises to which each style is susceptible, as well as the social and moral consequences of each style's success.


The present invention provides a multi-panel display, comprising a plurality of directions respectively facing a plurality of liquid crystal display panel, a plurality of liquid crystal display panels enclose a receiving space, the receiving space is provided with a light source for a display panel provided to a plurality of liquid crystal. Multi-panel display of the present invention at work, using only one light source into a plurality of liquid crystal display panel to provide light, to avoid a plurality of light sources simultaneously, whereby significant savings in energy; finite heat a single light source polygon display of the present invention, does not cause heat accumulation, thereby preventing the liquid crystal display panel due to environmental temperature is too high to be damaged. Simple multi-panel display structure of the present invention, more production, maintaining a plurality of conventional display, significant cost savings.


In this note we shall determine the ambivalent groups all whose nonlinear irreducible characters have even degrees and the solvable ambivalent groups whith G' the unique minimal subgroup.


The invention relates to an air flow simulating method based on physical simulation. The method converts low-speed particles into a grid model by solution of the traditional particle model, and simultaneously transfers high-speed particles to a temporary grid model while solving, and finally outputs grid model results and density field superposed by the temporary grids and renders. The invention also provides an air flow simulating system based on physical simulation. The method and the system thereof can effectively carry out simulation requirements of air containing low-speed and high-speedair simultaneously and can provide greater expression capability and more real simulation effect.


Objective To discuss the opportunity and effect of emergent surgical intervention for portal hypertension with esophageal gastric-fundus variceal bleeding(EGVB).Methods 48 cirrhosis portal hypertension patients with EGVB admitted from Jan.2002 to Apr. 2007 were analyzed retrospectively.All cases underwent selective pericardial devascularization,of 18 plus modified Sugiura operation.Results 45 patients were followed up from 3 to 24 months.No operative death,anastomotic fistula,hepatic encephalopathy and rebleeding occurred.Conclusion Selective pericardial devascularization and suitable modified Sugiura is an effective therapy with low incidence of rebleeding and complication.


This paper analyzes the macro-economy of Jiangsu Province from 2001 to 2007 by using gray relative analysis,discusses the influence degree of the first,second and third industries of Jiangsu Province on GDP,and analyzes the correlation among the first,second and third industries.


The "flipped classroom" is a new teaching methodology model that seeks to reverse the way learning contents are delivered to students in order to promote the subject understanding by working at home. The aim of the study is to analyze whether the implementation with "flipped classroom" is useful as a teaching tool to improve academic performance and if it is dependent on the sex of participants. We have a sample of 75 kinesiology students


This paper describes the development of a prototype system to answer questions by selecting sentences from the documents in which the answers occur. After parsing each sentence in these documents, databases are constructed by extracting relational triples from the parse output. The triples consist of discourse entities, semantic relations, and the governing words to which the entities are bound in the sentence. Database triples are also generated for the questions. Question-answering consists of matching the question database records with the records for the documents. The prototype system was developed specifically to respond to the TREC-8 Q&A track, with an existing parser and some existing capability for analyzing parse output. The system was designed to investigate the viability of using structural information about the sentences in a document to answer questions. The CL Research system achieved an overall score of 0.281 (i.e., on average, providing a sentence containing a correct answer as the fourth selection). The score demonstrates the viability of the approach. Post-hoc analysis suggests that this score understates the performance of the prototype and estimates that a more accurate score is approximately 0.482. This analysis also suggests several further improvements and the potential for investigating other avenues that make use of semantic networks and computational lexicology.


THINK OF people you care about. Imagine them making an important economic decision on a subject they do not understand. Questions inevitably come to mind. Will the product they want to purchase be less expensive later? Does it have a good track history ? Is it of high quality and durable? Will it soon be of higher quality and durability? Complicated answers will follow these questions. The only question with a simple answer, albeit deceptively simple, comes at the end of all the talk and confusion: Do you want to make the purchase now or wait?


SUMMARY The colonization resistance (CR) of the digestive tract was determined in 10 healthy volunteers by oral contamination with a neomycin resistant Escherichia coli (NR-E. coli) strain and measurement of the faecal concentration of this strain during 14 days after the contamination. This 'gold standard' was compared with another parameter of CR; the determination of the mean number of different biotypes of Enterobacteriaceae isolated from four faecal samples per volunteer. Both measures are significantly correlated (P < 0.01). The NR-E. coli strain could be cultured from faecal samples of 4/10 volunteers as long as 300 days after contamination. Serum antibody titres against endogenous E. coli strains and the NR-E. coli strain used for experimental oral contamination were measured by an indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) assay. The assay was read by a video camera connected to an image processing system. The 95% confidence limits of antibody titres (log2) against endogenous E. coli strains ranged between < 3 and 7.1 for IgA, between < 3 and 8.7 for IgG and between < 3 and 7.4 for IgM. Antibody titres against the NR-E. coli 4 strain were within this (normal) range. The serum antibody titres against the NR-E. coli strain increased slowly after oral contamination, especially IgG and IgM. Little increase in IgA titres could be observed. An increase of serum antibody titres did not correlate with the elimination of the oral contaminant from the intestines. Therefore, we conclude that the CR is not IgG nor IgM antibody mediated.


According to the spirit of the national education reform, innovation and entrepreneurship education is taken as the starting point to promote the in-depth development of higher education. This paper expounds from three aspects that the concept of innovation and entrepreneurship should be integrated into the training process of professional talents, so as to meet the different needs of the development of various industries for innovation and entrepreneurship talents


This paper will analyze a series of letters between the exiled German architect, Max Cetto and important personalities in architecture of the twentieth century, among them: Siegfried Giedion, Walter Gropius, Jose Luis Sert. These documents offer a polemic look of Mexican architecture during the first half of the previous century and illustrate the failed and unexplored relation between Mexico and the ciam (Congres Internacional d'Architecture Moderne), so far.


Operational research studies of 4 Church-sponsored health projects in rural Kenya are detailed covering management and supervision oral contraceptive distribution cost-effectiveness of family planning oral rehydration therapy immunizations breast feeding and other hygienic interventions. The 4 projects were located in Mount Kenya East Diocese Tenwek Hospital service area Masenq South Anglican diocese and Nyahururu Catholic diocese. The projects entailed 3 community-base health care programs and 1 natural family planning program using volunteer workers and a paid central staff. Some of the general findings were a positive impact on community health and family planning across all economic age and religious groups; a stronger impact at greater distances from clinics and at lower literacy levels; effectiveness of microcomputer use; and significant results with primary health programs. Some results regarding family planning were a remarkable low incidence of problems with oral contraceptive side effects low cost per couple-year of protection; increased prevalence of family planning associated with nonmonetary incentives; and good results with natural family planning continuation and effectiveness especially with experienced trainers. Funding for the 4 projects by CORAT/Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health through USAID is to be continued.


We study the complexity of learning quantum states in various models with respect to the stabilizer formalism and obtain the following results: - We prove that $\Omega(n)$ $T$-gates are necessary for any Clifford+$T$ circuit to prepare computationally pseudorandom quantum states, an exponential improvement over the previously known bound. This bound is asymptotically tight if linear-time quantum-secure pseudorandom functions exist. - Given an $n$-qubit pure quantum state $|\psi\rangle$ that has fidelity at least $\tau$ with some stabilizer state, we give an algorithm that outputs a succinct description of a stabilizer state that witnesses fidelity at least $\tau - \varepsilon$. The algorithm uses $O(n/(\varepsilon^2\tau^4))$ samples and $\exp\left(O(n/\tau^4)\right) / \varepsilon^2$ time. In the regime of $\tau$ constant, this algorithm estimates stabilizer fidelity substantially faster than the na\"ive $\exp(O(n^2))$-time brute-force algorithm over all stabilizer states. - In the special case of $\tau>\cos^2(\pi/8)$, we show that a modification of the above algorithm runs in polynomial time. - We improve the soundness analysis of the stabilizer state property testing algorithm due to Gross, Nezami, and Walter [Comms. Math. Phys. 385 (2021)]. As an application, we exhibit a tolerant property testing algorithm for stabilizer states. The underlying algorithmic primitive in all of our results is Bell difference sampling. To prove our results, we establish and/or strengthen connections between Bell difference sampling, symplectic Fourier analysis, and graph theory.


Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) is a new post-processing technique that can extract from snapshots dynamic informations relevant for the flow. Without explicit knowledge of the dynamical operator, the DMD algorithm determines eigenvalues and eigenvectors of an approximate linear model. DMD can be viewed as a non linear generalization of global stability classically used for a linearized system. This algorithm can be used to determine the eigen-elements of the Koopman operator, an infinite dimensional linear operator associated with the nonlinear system. The ability of DMD to extract dynamically relevant features of the flow has been tested on an experimental PIV dataset of a turbulent cylinder wake flow.


ABSTRACT The measured rate of primary school completion in the East Asia and Pacific region has exceeded 100%, but aggregate statistics inadequately reflect the experience of migrants, who are harder to count than sedentary populations. For Thailand several studies have found enrolment rates among migrant children to be very low, but the sparse evidence amid differences in geography and industrial sector means this pattern may not be universal. The present article reports a study which focuses in more depth on a particular migrant community in order to show relevant dynamics with greater specificity and clarity. It finds a higher enrolment rate than in the previous studies of migrants in Thailand, but also shows how many such children fail to complete their primary education through being placed in classes lower than the normal grade for their age. In this community the benefits accrued from school enrolment were therefore limited compared with the costs, resulting in family separations as some children were left in the home country and some entered employment early. In the 15–17 year age range, girls rather than boys were separated from the parental home.


Studies examining the variability in wild plant metabolic expression propose that environmental factors significantly influence the essential oil (EO) quality and quantity in a plant. Lantana camara is a widely distributed invasive plant species worldwide. However, its immense metabolites can become a source of novel compounds to produce biopesticides in the agricultural industry. Although, the quality aspect has to be considered due to the environmental influence on the metabolites synthesised. Therefore, this research aimed to understand the influence of environmental factors and how it shapes the plant's metabolite profile in multiple populations of L. camara. Leaf samples were collected from six different geographic regions of Kenya and the corresponding monthly climatic data and soil samples. GC-MS data from leaf EO were analysed with environmental variables (climate and soil data) using unimodally unconstrained and constrained ordination methods for untargeted metabolomics analysis. Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) and Random Forests (RF) were used to confirm the variability further. Seasonal and regional variability was observed for secondary metabolites (SMs) in the leaf EO, which correlated to climatic factors and soil attributes. We highlight the season-al-geographic metabolism relationship for L. camara and the combined analytical approach to obtain data that contributes to understanding the influence of environmental factors on the synthesis and accumulation of SMs. This research will have all-embracing implications for maximising phytochemical uniformity.


The past decade has seen an increased focus on student voice in physical education; yet, the majority reflects the thoughts, feelings, and experiences of agency of secondary-level students. It has been suggested that the perspectives and experiences of students in primary physical education remain largely absent from the literature. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to answer the question "what peer-reviewed data on student voice in primary physical education was published between January 1990 and March 2020?" This article provides a map of 89 articles that accessed student voice in primary physical education. Conclusions highlight a need for democratic possibilities for primary students to engage and contribute to their physical education learning experiences as well as a continued exploration of the implementation and impact of authentic methods of accessing and responding to student voice in primary physical education.


The paper presents a critical review of two major approaches to the analysis of agrarian societies in light of evidence taken from the scholarly literature on Africa. The first approach posits the existence of "natural" societies; the second, of "peasant" societies. The existence of such "precapitalist" societies is often invoked to account for patterns of change in contemporary rural societies. The author argues that these approaches are overly culturally and economically determined, and that they undervalue the importance of the state. Many of the so-called precapitalist features of these societies are themselves found to be products of the societies' encounter with agents of capitalism. Moreover, many result from the efforts of states to secure domination and control over rural populations.


— The relationship between economic growth and the opening up of the country has always been a topic that has attracted a lot of attention. In this paper, the author uses a cross country dataset to analyze the correlation between countries' openness and economic growth. This dataset includes 43 upper middle-income countries among developing countries. After eliminating the outlier, the author develops a simple OLS regression model and choose 5 indicators to represent openness respectively, and he also uses the growth rate of real GDP per capita to represent economic growth and controls real GDP per capita to make the model more accurate. In the end, this research finds out that the data and the results support the positive correlation between openness and economic growth.


We experimentally demonstrate an ultra-thin silicon nitride microring resonator operating at wavelength of 970nm that is favorable for large variety of biophotonic applications. Optimization parameters for improved sensitivity and light-mater interaction are presented


Gas phase catalytic oxidation of organic waste gas by ozone is a technology of advanced catalytic oxidation at low temperatures. The carriers of the catalysts for gas phase catalytic ozone oxidation mainly include alumina,silica,titanium dioxide,zeolites and SBA-16 molecular sieves,etc.,and the active components loaded on the carriers are metallic oxides of copper,cobalt,manganese,nickel and so on. More research is focused on MnOx/Al2O3. The research advance in catalytic oxidation treatment technology of organic waste gas by ozone at home and abroad was reviewed,and the research prospects of the technology were outlined. The main influencial factors of catalytic oxidation included the active components and their loadings,reaction temperatures,running time,byproducts,humidity and so on. According to the mechanism of the reaction process,the reaction consisted of two parts: ozone decomposition and oxidation of organic waste gas. Active oxygen or peroxide species O*2produced by the catalytic decomposition of ozone was the key to the oxidation of organic waste gas. In the future research the problems needed to be solved are the adsorption effects of catalyst carriers,optimal reaction temperatures to avoid deactivation of the catalysts and complete reaction mechanisms for gas phase catalytic oxidation.


Objective
To systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy of immunonutrition support in perioperative period of hepatectomy.

Methods
Literatures were researched using CNKI,CBM,Wanfang database,VIP databases,PubMed (Medline),Embase,Web of science,Science Direct,Cochrane Center from January 1996 to March 2018 with the key words including "肝切除术,免疫营养,hepatectomy,hepatic resection,immunonutrition,immunoenhanced nutrition" . The randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on comparison of efficacy of immunonutrition support versus routine nutritional support in perioperative period of hepatectomy. Patients in the immunonutrition group received immunonutrition support in perioperative period of hepatectomy,and patients in the routine nutrition group received routine nutritional support in perioperative period of hepatectomy. Outcome measures:overall incidence of postoperative complications,incidence of postoperative infectious complications,incidence of postoperative liver failure,perioperative mortality,hospital stay,and hospitalization expenses. Literatures screening,data extraction and quality assessment of methodology were conducted by two researchers separately. Count data were represented as risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Measurement data were represented as mean difference (MD) or weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95%CI. Heterogeneity of the included studies was analyzed with I2. Funnel plot was used to test potential publication bias if the number of studies included ≥ 10,and funnel plot was used to test potential publication bias for the outcome measures with the maximum number of studies if the number of studies included <10.

Results
(1) Document retrival: 12 RCTs were enrolled in the Meta analysis, and the total sample size was 1 136 patients, including 568 patients in the immunonutrition group and in the routine nutrition group, respectively. (2) Results of Meta-analysis: the that immunonutrition group had lower overall incidence of postoperative complications, incidence of postoperative infectious complications, incidence of postoperative liver failure, and hospital stay (RR=0.57, 0.49, 0.30, MD=-3.28, 95%CI: 0.46-0.71, 0.37-0.65, 0.12-0.74, -4.45 to -2.11, P 0.05). The bilateral symmetry was presented in the funnel plot based on the 9 studies comparing incidence of postoperative infectious complications between the immunonutrition group and routine nutrition group, suggesting that publication bias had little influence on results of Meta-analysis.

Conclusions
Perioperative immunonutrition support for hepatectomy is safe and feasible. Compared with routine nutritional support, immunonutrition support can significantly reduce overall incidence of postoperative complications, incidence of postoperative infectious complications, incidence of postoperative liver failure, and shorten the hospital stay without increasing postoperative mortality.

Key words:
Liver neoplasms; Cholelithiasis; Hepatectomy; Nutritional support; Immunonutrition; Perioperative period; Complications; Randomized control trial; Meta analysis; Safety; Efficacy


The influence of solvent/oil ratio,thinner content and temperature on desulfurization and the distribution coefficient by extraction of a model system for diesel oil with special attention to the solvent furfuryl alcohol was investigated.At the same time,extraction balance lines and extraction-desulfurization dynamics are studied in a model system for diesel oil and with the equation r_(Apparent)=0.19 c_A-60.6 is obtained.The suitable conditions of a model system are as follows: thinner content 1%~5 %,solvent/oil ratio 1.5~2.5,and extraction temperature 30~50 °C.Finally,the effect of desulfurization of fluid catalytic cracking diesel oil is investigated by different solvent/oil ratio.Test results indicate that properties of(refining) diesel oil are obviously improved.


Internet of things (IoT) is one of those emerging technologies, which are going to rule the world in the next few decades. Due to the advancement of low-cost computing systems and mobile technologies, these physical things are now capable of sharing and collecting data with minimal human interference. However, these devices are exposed to various security threats regarding privacy and data confidentiality as they are openly accessible to all in the network. Moreover, many IoT devices have low processing power and weak security level which could be the main targets for hackers. Lightweight cryptographic schemes are used to meet the security needs in IoT environment. Steganography is used as another security tool for IoT devices. This chapter is an attempt to analyze the various steganography techniques used to strengthen the security needs of IoT devices as per their applications. IoT security schemes using different steganography models and algorithms are outlined here with their relative advantages and disadvantages.


The Korean language has been well preserved in a Korean village of Funing county which is located to the south of the Great Wall.The basic external conditions for the good preservation of the language are compact community of the Korean people,endogamy as the main marriage form,unitary nationality of the village and speaking Korean among family members and villagers.While the importat internal causes lie in a deep love for mother tongue and loyalty to language.Still,the Korean language is further strengthened by a long\|term bilingual teaching model of using Korean as the main languages and Chinese as the supplementary one at the Korean primary school and the increasing importance of the Korean language in society after the reform and opening\|up.


Landslide deformation displacement is a reflection of slide motion characters.Based on geological structure and deep displacement information of landslide,characters of accumulative displacement curve type of landslide:"B"、"D"and "r"type deformation cuarve were analyzed, the slide plane position was determined and the displacement vector method of slide plane position advanced forcasting was put forword. It′s correction was checked by contrasting after-monitoring achievements.This study provided basis for system analysis and determining slide plane position and advanced forcasting of landslide.All of these provides information for deep going study on characters of landslide motion.


During the ground fault conditions, the flow of current to earth will produce potential gradients within and arround a substation. The common physiological effects of electric current on the body, stated in order of increasing current magnitude, are threshold perception, muscular contraction, unconsciousness, fabrillation of the heart. In this study, determined the tolerable voltage about earth-layered structure in the grounding system.


The National Breast Cancer Screening Program (BCSP) had been launched in Poland in January 2007 following a decision of the Polish Ministry of Health. Altogether 16 Regional Coordinating Centers (RCC) have been established to oversee the program in the voivodeships. The Coordinating Centers' Headquarters (CCHQ) is located at the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology in Warsaw. In Poland breast cancer (BC) accounts for 20.5% of all malignancies in women, with 52% of cases diagnosed in women between the ages of 50 and 69. For many years the number of cases of BC has been increasing, with a total of 12049 cases diagnosed in 2004. Of these 593 (i.e. 4.9%) were recognized in the Pomeranian Voivodeship alone. In 2005 there were 13385 diagnoses of BC with 641 (i.e. 4.8%) in the Pomeranian Voivodeship [1]. The Pomeranian Voivodeship is characterized by a high standardized-efficient of BC mortality maintained at the level of 15.2 [1]. For this very reason there exists an urgent need to introduce the BCSP in the Pomeranian Voivodeship. Out of experience it may be concluded that there correct approach to screening is to investigate the largest possible number of subjects on a permanent basis with a 2-year interval [2]. The Polish uniform standards of the BCSP have been developed basing upon expert investigations and the experiences of other European centers [2-4]. The main objective of mammographic screening is to limit BC mortality. In leading world centers the mortality coefficient has been decreased by some 24–35% [3, 4]. When estimating the benefits of the BCSP in Poland it is worthwhile to base upon Dutch experiences. Despite the differences in populations and social groups the number of diagnosed cases per annum is similar in the two countries and estimated at some 10000 [2]. The standardized morbidity coefficient for the year 2000 in the two countries was 38.8 in Poland and 91.6 in the Netherlands [5]. The number of BC deaths was significantly different – 5000 and 3000 respectively. Poland is characterized by an extremely poor epidemiological distribution of BC diagnosis. Diagnoses are delayed and for this reason Poland has one of the poorest 5-year survival ratios, i.e. 58.3% as compared to 72.5% in Western Europe [5]. A Polish woman with BC has a 15–20% lesser likelihood of survival than her Dutch counterpart which accounts for the 2000 more deaths in Poland. In the Netherland all women over the age of 50 are being mammographically screened for BC from the beginning of the seventies. The Breast Cancer Screening Program. The first year of activity on the territory of Pomeranian Region


The effects of saliency of specific personal attributes on halo effect were investigated with two populations. It was hypothesized that the greater saliency of the specific attribute, the greater the halo in ratings of other attributes. Results did not support the hypothesis. Halo levels were equivalent across populations.


PURPOSE: To reinforce a stereo image signal without the occurrence of amplitude transmission depending on a frequency when a monaural signal is reproduced. CONSTITUTION: A first signal route between a first input terminal 2 and an output terminal 4 has a first transmission characteristic H1*H3 and a second signal path between a second input terminal 3 and an output terminal 4 has a second transmission characteristic H2*H3. Amplitude transmission decided by the first transmission characteristic H1*H3 is made larger than amplitude transmission decided by the second transmission characteristic H2*H3 for the scheduled frequency. At the time of mutually connecting the first input terminal 2 and the second input terminal 3, amplitude transmission between the first and second input terminals 2 and 3, which are mutually connected, and the output of a subtraction circuit 8 is made almost constant as the function of the frequency.


The molecular stability of Hb Philly (alpha 2 beta 2 35(Cl) Tyr leads to Phe) with different ligand states was compared with that of Hb A and Hb S using mechanical shaking and heat stability tests. The rates of mechanical denaturation of the oxy-forms of these hemoglobins decreased in the order of Hb S, Hb Philly, and Hb A, with relative ratios of 9.5: 5.6: 1.0. Upon oxidation to the met-forms, Hb Philly became mechanically most unstable, with ratios of 13.3: 23.0: 1.8, respectively. The deoxy-forms, of Hb A and Hb S were very stable, while that of Hb Philly was as unstable as the oxy-form. The addition of inositol hexaphosphate (IHP) to deoxy-Hb Philly stabilized the molecules. Since IHP restores the cooperative oxygen binding of Hp Philly, deoxy-Hb Philly appears to combine with IHP to change the quaternary structure required for cooperative oxygen binding and for stabilization of the molecule.


This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of activity therapy on
stress among old age people in selected old age homes at Kanyakumari
District.Quantitative research approach was used. Pre experimental- one group pre
testpost test design was adopted for this study. The study was conducted among the
old age people at home for the aged Plankalai and home for the aged at Mathar.
Convenience sampling technique was adopted to select 60 old age people.
Data collection was done by Modified Psychological Stress Assessment Scale.
Activity therapy was administered for old age people. The data gathered were
analysedby descriptive and inferential statistical method and interpretation was done
on the basis of the objectives of the study.The data was collected and analysed by
using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findingswere highly significant to the
table value.
During pre test, In Modified Psychological Stress Assessment scale, the
analysis of pretest out of 60 samples, 48.3% of them had moderate stress, 51.6% of
them had severe stress. So it indicates that moderate and severe level of stress was
common among old age people and they requires some relieving measure.During post
test, out of 60 samples 76.3% of them had mild stress and 23.3% of them had
moderate stress.
Based on Modified Psychological Stress Assessment the post test result shows
that the mean post test score was 26.51% , standard deviation was 7.35% and the
mean difference was 34.9. The obtained paired t test value 27.09 which is more than
the table value 0.05 level of significance. Hence the research hypothesis [H1] was
accepted and it was inferred that activity therapy is reducing the level of stress among
old age people.
From the results of the study it is concluded that rendering activity therapy to
the old age people was effective in reducing stress. The old age people with stress can
include this therapy in their routine activities. The old people's leisure time may be
enough and utilized for doing this activity therapy.


Simulation, fabrication, characterization of two-dimensional photonic crystals and fabrication of nanoprobe-assisted site-controlled quantum dots for large optical non-linearity are presented for photonic crystal and quantum dot-based ultra-small and ultra-fast all optical switches


By applying the theory of system engineering, this paper identifies the primary security engineering activities in the life cycle of information systems. It also proposes the risk management model based on SSE-CMM. The purpose of this research is conducive to implementing security engineering of information systems.


More than one-third of American adults are obese and this can lead to a wide range of comorbidities and other health problems. Health professionals need to communicate with patients to help them manage obesity.