The MABFT high-density biological enrichment special denitrification process (modified aeration biological fluidized tank) is applied to the high ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment project formed by digital printing. The results showed that when the influent NH3-N ≤ 300 mg/L, the effluent NH3-N ≤ 10mg/L treated by MABFT technology, the average removal rate of ammonia nitrogen was as high as 98.9%, and all indexes in effluent would meet the requirements of the People's Republic of China's Discharge standards of water pollutants for dyeing and finishing of textile industry for new plants. Providing reference for the treatment of similar high ammonia wastewater. Introduction A digital printing enterprise in Zhejiang Province, China has built two sets of air flotation treatment facilities for production wastewater and sludge dewatering system, which mainly remove suspended solids and part of COD. With the increasingly stringent environmental protection standards, in order to better implement the task of emission reduction, it is decided to build a set of high ammonia denitrification treatment system. The system is suitable for the water quality characteristic of wastewater from digital printing production, and can better meet various emission standards such as ammonia nitrogen. Design of Inlet and Outlet Water Quality and Treatment Capacity The company is mainly engaged in the production of high-grade silk printing. The main sources of pollution in the discharged wastewater are: pulp, dyes, additives, surfactants, etc. The color of wastewater shows green on the whole. The water quality index of raw water to be treated is as follows: the value of chemical oxygen demand is less than or equal to 500 mg/L, the mass concentration of ammonia-nitrogen is less than or equal to 300 mg/L, the chromaticity color is less than or equal to 100 times. After the treatment, the target water quality meets the indirect discharge standard of water pollutants for newly-built enterprises in Discharge standards of water pollutants for dyeing and finishing of textile industry of the People's Republic of China, ie chemical oxygen demand (COD) ≤ 200 mg/L, ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N) ≤ 20 mg/L, chromaticity color ≤ 80 times, pH range of 6 to 9. The designed processing capacity can reach 480 m 3 /d. Denitrification Process Wastewater Treatment Process The wastewater treatment process is shown in Figure 1. Figure 1. Flow chart of wastewater treatment process. Technological Process The wastewater from the workshop production is collected through the pipe network and then entered the built underground pre-aeration regulating pool. The function of the regulating tank is to adjust the water quantity and homogenize the water quality. The wastewater from the regulating tank is pumped into the existing primary air flotation system by a lifting pump. After mixing and flocculation reaction, the organic pollutants form coarse alum with the suspended solids and the colloids. The sludge is then separated by air flotation and treated in the dehydration system. The effluent of the primary air flotation system enters the integrated multistage MABFT [1,2] treatment system via the intermediate pool and the lifting pump. In this system, the wastewater is adjusted by adding alkali to the corresponding pH and entered sequentially the aerobic nitrification reaction zone with different concentration gradients (high-speed nitrification reaction zone and low-speed nitrification reaction zone) [3] . Using the immobilization of high-density aerated biofluidized ecological membrane fillers, under the conditions of aeration oxygenation, gas flow shearing and turbulence, the organic matter in the wastewater is fully contacted with the microorganism adsorbed by the carrier filler, so that it can be biodegraded. Therefore, the process has good biological denitrification performance and organic matter removal effect [4] . The effluent after biochemical treatment flows into the secondary sedimentation tank under the action of gravity, and the sludge is completely returned to the front end to ensure the concentration of microorganisms and reduce the generation of excess sludge. The effluent of the secondary clarifier is further removed by the secondary air flotation system to achieve the discharge standard. New Main Structures and Equipment Parameters (1) Intermediate pool. An intermediate pool was constructed with an effective volume of 50 m 3 and a size of 4.0m×5.0m×3.0m. A set of pre-aeration system was built in the pool. Its main function is to regulate water quality. (2) Multistage MABFT system. There is a system of modified aeration biological fluidized tank (MABFT), which is divided into five grids and connected gradiently. Its effective volume is 162 m 3 and its size is 3.0 m×18.0 m×3.5 m. The system has built-in high density ecological film with biological carrier filler. The filler is NC-5ppi type and the size is 50mm×50mm×50mm. Moreover, the system contains five sets of aeration devices and two fans. One of the two fans is a standby. The fan is controlled by frequency conversion. Its power is 18 kw, the air volume is 13.79 m 3 /min, and the blast pressure is 5000 mmH2O. (3) Secondary sedimentation tank. There is a secondary sedimentation tank with a size of 6.0m×3.0m×3.5m, divided into two lattices. The effective volume of the secondary clarifier is 27m 3 , and it is equipped with a diversion system. System Commissioning Operation and Benefit Analysis System Debugging and Operation Results In the initial stage of commissioning, the domesticated sludge was taken from the dewatered sludge from a nearby municipal sewage treatment plant. Due to the serious imbalance of C/N in the influent, the industrial glucose is initially added as a carbon source. The pH is controlled by adding alkali, and the fan and dissolved oxygen (DO) are controlled by frequency converter.The indexes of pH, COD, NH3-N and DO in each reaction area were detected once a day [4,5,6] . After the gradual stabilization, the water intake was started, and the MKNC-001 special nitrifying bacteria was added. At the same time, the parameters such as DO and pH are strictly controlled. According to the daily test data and treatment effect, the water intake is gradually increased step by step [7] . In September, the influent volume reached the design load. In October, it was operated according to the design load (20m 3 /h) and delivered to the owner for normal operation. The inspection data recorded by the owner for 3 months are shown in Figure 2. Figure 2. Ammonia nitrogen in influent and outlet water during operation chart of wastewater treatment process. Figure 2 shows that the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the influent fluctuates greatly from 130 mg/L to 300 mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen of effluent in the high-speed nitrification zone is about 30 mg/L, and the removal of ammonia nitrogen is over 80%, which is in the key unit. The ammonia nitrogen in the effluent of the low-speed nitrification zone is less than 20 mg/L, which meets the design requirements. In addition, the final effluent ammonia nitrogen of the secondary sedimentation tank has been stable below 10 mg/L, and the total removal rate has averaged over 98.5%. Economic Benefit Analysis The total investment of the system is 1.5 million yuan. The direct operating costs are as follows: (1) Electricity charge. The total power of the equipment operation is 25 kilowatt, and the daily electricity consumption is 400.0 yuan at 0.6 yuan/(kw.h). (2) Pharmaceutical expenses. The daily consumption of alkali is 0.15 tons, and the unit price is 1200 yuan/ton, while daily consumption of pharmaceuticals is 180 yuan. (3) Water consumption for pharmaceutical preparation. About 3 tons of tap water is consumed per day, and the unit price is 2.65 yuan/ton, so it costs 5.3 yuan per day. (4) Labor cost. According to the operation situation, one worker usually works day shift. And during night shifts, it is operated by machine self-control or part-time managers. In terms of monthly wage of 3000 yuan, the daily labor cost is 100 yuan. (5) Depreciation and maintenance expenses. It is about 40 yuan per day. According to the treatment capacity of 480 tons of wastewater per day, the direct treatment cost per ton of wastewater is 1.51 yuan. Environmental Benefit Analysis After the implementation of this project, the effluent quality meets the indirect discharge standard of water pollutants for newly-built enterprises in Discharge standards of water pollutants for dyeing and finishing of textile industry of the People's Republic of China. According to the monitoring data for three consecutive months, when the maximum concentration of ammonia nitrogen in influent does not exceed 300 mg/L and the average value is 181.5 mg/L, the average value of ammonia nitrogen in effluent is 1.99 mg/L. Therefore, when the daily discharge of water is 480 tons and the annual operation is 300 days, the annual reduction of ammonia nitrogen reaches 25.85 tons, that is, the discharge of ammonia nitrogen decreased significantly. Conclusion The high concentration of ammonia nitrogen in printing wastewater can be effectively removed by denitrification process with high density biological enrichment. In other words, it is an improved biological aeration fluidization process. Field operation results show that when the influent NH3-N≤300mg/L, the effluent NH3-N≤10mg/L, the average removal rate of ammonia nitrogen is 98.9%. This indicates that when the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in wastewater is less than 300 mg/L, after the treatment of MABFT, the ammonia nitrogen of the effluent can reach the indirect emission standard of water pollutants for newly-built enterprises in Discharge standards of water pollutants for dyeing and finishing of textile industry of the People's Republic of China. Acknowledgement This research was financially supported by the Science & Technology Innovation Foundation


A method for long-term, comprehensive planning of farm operating units, primarily the forestry part, is described. The method is based on gross margin calculations, linear programming technique, and the use of high speed electronic computers. The capital value at period-end is used as efficiency criterion linked with a restriction guaranteeing an annual minimum amount of liquid funds. In principle the method is an investment model simultaneously treating all possible investments, their financing, and the need for liquid funds. The method should lend itself to both research and survey purposes as practical planning of forest operating units, either separately or in combination with other economic activity.


By a systematic study of the fusulinids in the Upper Carboniferous Dalan Stage from the Quanxia village of Ninghua, Fujian Province, 10 genera and 35 species of fusulinids have been found, including 3 species indeterminate. According to the geographical distribution and vertical variation of fusulinids in the strata, 2 fusulinid zones are recognized as follows (in descending order): II.Fusulina-Fusulinella Zone,including 3 subzones, 3)Fusulina quasicylindrica Subzone,2)Beedeina mayiensis Subzone and 1)Fusulinella helenae-Pseudostaffella paradoxa Subzone, I. Pseudoendothyra ninghuaensis Zone.


Useful insights about the operations of value chains can be gained by considering them as "latent clubs", that is, systems having the potential for improvement through collective action. Club theory therefore can be applied to examine ways to increase the economic surplus of a food value chain by participants taking collective action within a club good framework. The results of such action are called "chain goods". If these types of goods are not supplied along the value chain, value chain partners cannot maximise whole-of-chain profit. The result is "chain failure"; a concept analogous to the market failure of public goods in the wider economy. If an opportunity exists for partners in a value chain to collectively provide such goods, forming a club may be an efficient way do so. Horizontal and vertical strategic alliances are formed among firms, or groups of firms, in the value chain at the same level and/or across different levels. These alliances within a value chain are formed to correct some particular chain failure(s), such as supplying chain goods or internalising chain externalities. Strategic alliances may comprise all or only some chain members. Thus, they are clubs. The theoretical concepts of chain failure, chain goods and chain externalities can be used as a framework for evaluating whether to invest or not in a strategic alliance. The fact that there are existing alliances which appear to be organised in this way suggests that these concepts have practical as well as theoretical merit.


The material herewith is submitted in support of the award of the degree of Doctor of Medicine by published work. It contains the results of original research and important clinical observations in the candidate's field of study of clinical immunology made over the past two decades and documents advances in areas of clinical immunology in which the candidate has played a role. The majority of the papers presented report studies carried out in the main by the candidate or which the candidate has initiated and supervised. Some of the later work has come from collaborations in which the candidate has played a crucial role. Findings presented include methods of T cell analysis which preceded the availability of monoclonal antibodies, and their use to probe the immunological abnormalities in Hodgkin's disease. The broad immunological defect present in some patients with "selective IgA deficiency" was predicted. The work includes one of the earliest descriptions of disseminated viral infection in congenital hypogammaglobulinaemia. Attempts to monitor the efficacy of immunosuppresssive therapy were described. documents a preliminary study (of family factors in allergy patients) and is included since this study is not yet the subject of a publication but is considered to present work in an important area of the candidate's research which is envisaged to expand in the near future. family


This paper aims to explore potential mechanisms for sustaining steady-state precession in MgO-based magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJ) with an in-plane polarizer and an out-of-plane free layer. The Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert-Slonczewski equation is analytically and numerically solved for a nano-pillar MTJ with circular cross-section under constant perpendicular applied current and field. It is demonstrated that the spin torque angular asymmetry is sufficient to sustain the spin transfer torque-driven dynamics of spin-torque nano-oscillators.


An effective method to match a desired group delay function using an all-pass digital filter is presented. This iterative eigen-delay technique uses the Rayleigh principle to solve the least squares delay error problem. Performance improvement over other design techniques is evident for low and medium order filters when a mean-squared error metric is computed.


The lab studies and industrial practice show that it is feasible to develop some of clay minerals as a catalysator for the industrial purpose. In fact, a catalysator, called FCC, which is made out of the kaolinton in Suzhou, Jiangsu province, now is widely used in petroleum refining and manufacture of petrochemicals in China. A recent study suggests that the halloysite found in Guizhou has much better catalytic property than the gaolinton (essentially consisting of gaolinite and parahalloysite) in Suzhou. The performance of this property of clay minerals applicable to the catalysator depends upon their chain siticate texture, develepment of micro pores and its posibility of reconstruction, center state of electric absorption, activity of broken bond after dehydration, distance of each level, existense of micaoid crystal layers to form thermal stability bearing, homogenization of minerals and unicity of pores in minerals, it is very important to develop new types of catalysafor in order to improve technique in petrochemical industry.


Maltese is a low-resource language of Arabic and Romance origins written in Latin script. We explore the impact of transliterating Maltese into Arabic script on a number of downstream tasks. We compare multiple transliteration pipelines ranging from simple one-to-one character maps to more sophisticated alternatives that explore multiple possibilities or make use of manual linguistic annotations. We show that the sophisticated systems are consistently better than simpler systems, quantitatively and qualitatively. We also show transliterating Maltese can be considered as an option to improve the cross-lingual transfer capabilities.


PITTSBURGH, the ironcity, the steel city, the smoky city, and more recently the No. 1City"has epitomized during the last century the capitalist processes of expansion, transition, and decline.Aleader inindustrial expansion in the late nineteenth century, and now tops in industrial decline, itreveals most vividly the explosive and erratic development of capitalist accumulation in a regional setting. Once the greatest steel producing center on earth, the area now is a graveyard of great steel works at Homestead, Duquesne, McKeesport, Monessen, Aliquippa, and in the city itself. True, alotof steel, as much as 10million tons, is stillproduced here, but to the hundreds of thousands of people who depended on steel


Abstract Multivariate expectiles, a new family of vector-valued risk measures, were recently introduced in the literature. [22]. Here we investigate the asymptotic behavior of these measures in a multivariate regular variation context. For models with equivalent tails, we propose an estimator of extreme multivariate expectiles in the Fréchet domain of attraction case with asymptotic independence, or for comonotonic marginal distributions.


Faced with processing more than 63,000 orders each year, the Manitoba Liquor Control Commission tapped a merchandising optimization and demand-based replenishment solution to keep the booze cruising into stores.


Objective:Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is connected with the risk of severe arrhythmias. Possible mechanisms for ventricular arrhythmias development in DCM include the changes in cardiomyocytes repolarization phase which relate to electrophysiological remodelling. Experimental rat streptozotocin mo


A model for the analysis of the magnetoplasmadynamic regime, devoted to magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) systems in a hypersonic flight, is presented. In the assumption of a low-magnetic-Reynolds-number regime, the model couplesa time-dependent formulation of fluid dynamics with steady-state electrodynamics. The Navier-Stokes equations are discretized by means of a finite volume formulation. The electrodynamics is discretized by means of a finite element method. The model has been utilized for the analysis of the MHD interaction in the boundary layer of a test body in a wind tunnel. The activity is aimed to design the experimental activity in the frame of an Italian Space Agency research project on the MHD interaction in hypersonic flows. Calculations have shown that MHD interaction can be greatly weakened by the effect of the Hall current.


A Wnt agonist, 2-amino-4-[3,4-(methylenedioxy)benzylamino]-6-(3-methoxyphenyl) pyrimidine, is a cell-permeable pyrimidine compound that has been shown to mimic the effect of Wnt. In this study, leukemic mouse cell lines, RAW 264.7 and J774.1, were incubated with the Wnt agonist. The Wnt agonist showed cell death in the concentration of 1–10 μM. The Wnt agonist did not show inhibition of GSK-3β activity but induced β-catenin accumulation in the nucleus. The Wnt agonist showed caspase-independent cell death, but no further involvement in cell death ER stress signaling. Here we discuss the possible mechanism of Wnt agonist-induced apoptotic cell death in RAW 264.7 cells.


The purpose of this article is to discuss the role that investment banks 1 can play in the development of emerging domestic financial markets in terms of mobilizing funds and providing innovative financial assistance and services in developing countries today. It should be noted at the outset that, while the following emphasi zes ? profitability ?, this is not inconsistent with the developmental role of invest ment banks. In fact, viewed from the prospective of tapping new sources of funds, combining the two objectives is of growing importance as ? official aid ? sources of funds for development banks may decline as other needs for them increase.


|This paper presents a highly directive pattern recon(cid:12)gurable antenna array capable of switching single or multiple beams of high directivity in multiple directions. Each element is individually capable of providing radiation pattern of directivity 12 dB and realized gain of 10.2 dB. Here, eight directive array elements are arranged in a circular fashion resembling a fan along with a switching arrangement to obtain beam switching in the horizontal plane. Two or more elements can be excited simultaneously to obtain patterns in multiple directions. In another con(cid:12)guration, the elements are arranged around a cylindrical support resembling an umbrella structure to obtain azimuthal switching at a desired tilt. The ability to recon(cid:12)gure patterns in desired direction facilitates their usage as base station antennas providing desired angular coverage to intended users only, resulting in least signal interference.


Because of many factors and hard to make a decision, a fuzzy analysis hierarchy process is applied to select location of transformer substation to avoid the problem of disaccord of judgment matrix in analysis hierarchy process. Fuzzy analysis hierarchy process works as follows: firstly, to build the fuzzy consistent matrix by building hierarchy structure charts, then to synthesize all schemes to obtain the optimum location of transformer substation. The 220 kV transformer substation location is evaluated to obtain the optimum location, finally identify this methodpsilas efficiency and correctness.


The virtual memory system is pervasive in today's computer systems, and demand paging is the key enabling mechanism for it. At a page miss, the CPU raises an exception, and the page fault handler is responsible for fetching the requested page from the disk. The OS typically performs a context switch to run other threads as traditional disk access is slow. However, with the widespread adoption of high-performance storage devices, such as low-latency solid-state drives (SSDs), the traditional OS-based demand paging is no longer effective because a considerable portion of the demand paging latency is now spent inside the OS kernel. Thus, this paper makes a case for hardware-based demand paging that mostly eliminates OS involvement in page miss handling to provide a near-disk-access-time latency for demand paging. To this end, two architectural extensions are proposed: LBA-augmented page table that moves I/O stack operations to the control plane and Storage Management Unit that enables CPU to directly issue I/O commands without OS intervention in most cases. OS support is also proposed to detach tasks for memory resource management from the critical path. The evaluation results using both a cycle-level simulator and a real x86 machine with an ultra-low latency SSD show that the proposed scheme reduces the demand paging latency by 37.0%, and hence improves the performance of FIO read random benchmark by up to 57.1% and a NoSQL server by up to 27.3% with real-world workloads. As a side effect of eliminating OS intervention, the IPC of the user-level code is also increased by up to 7.0%.


A neural network paradigm named Self-Organizing Learning Array system has been simulated in software. Hardware implementation limitations are considered in this simulation. Simulation is performed based on a benchmark classification problem, the Australian Credit Card problem. The system behavior is observed and the learning algorithm is examined. The correct classification rate has been compared with some existing classification methods. Although not particularly designed for solving this type of classification problem, this system still shows very good performance. The system will be implemented in FPGA and SOC.


[EMBARGOED UNTIL 6/1/2023] Physical therapy students, like most students frequently use poor study strategies that do little to promote long term retention. This undermines the ability to pass a comprehensive entry level licensure exam. This research correlated the Learning and Study Skills inventory (LASSI) with retrospective GRE scores and prospective performance on the National Physical Therapy Examination. The sample was physical therapy students from the University of Missouri including five cohorts of students (N= 456). Measures included the LASSI, GRE, Practice Exam and Assessment Tool (PEAT), and National Physical Therapy Examination (NPTE). The PEAT and NPTE represent the board exam performance. A factor analysis was performed to determine the most appropriate factor structure for this sample. A six-factor structure was the most appropriate but complicated by numerous cross loadings of items. Analyses used the 3rd addition of the LASSI and the total score. Students did not significantly increase in LASSI scores as they progressed through the program, suggesting that they did not improve their use of study strategies. The GRE did not predict LASSI scores for this sample. The LASSI predicted student performance on the PEAT and for the NPTE, but prediction was not statistically significant for the NPTE.


the rapidly increasing number of messages on twitter is quite interesting. Through twitter streaming, this paper is capable of delivering tweets for any keywords from clients all around the world or Hashtag in real-time. However, semantic topic extraction and tracking the userinterested news events from messages on twitter can be considered as a challenging task. In this paper focused on detecting unusual behaviors and geo-social events in Twitter streams. The proposed method is able to provide/manage notifications and awareness (i.e., alerts) for users. In general, there are 4 steps in the process of identifying alerts and current awareness as follows: 1) Applying the set of realtime streaming APIs offered by Twitter for retrieving the public live stream of Twitter messages, 2) Utilizing an online clustering method to form the group of similar messages based on a corpus of text messages, 3) Applying an algorithm to compare the newly extracted event-term candidate with the list of event-term based on timestamp and calculate ranking indicating real-world events by frequent re-tweets, and 4) Identifying the alerts and current awareness based on the user's geo-location. Into the bargain, the proposed method is evaluated using high-volume Twitter data and as a result the findings are reported.


Getting the books coronary blood flow mechanics distribution and control now is not type of challenging means. You could not and no-one else going behind books increase or library or borrowing from your connections to admittance them. This is an definitely simple means to specifically get guide by on-line. This online notice coronary blood flow mechanics distribution and control can be one of the options to accompany you next having other time.


Four species of freshwater hyphomycetes,Brachydesmiella orientalis,Conioscypha lignicola,Exserticlava globosa and Peyronelina glomerulata were collected from a small stream at Tianmushan Biosphere Reserve,Zhejiang Province.Among them,B.orientalis and P.glomerulata are new records for China,while C.lignicola and E.globosa are reported for the first time at the mainland of China.These taxa are described,illustrated and provided with notes in this paper.


Robots play more and more important roles in our daily life. To better complete assigned tasks, it is necessary for the robots to have the ability to recognize their self-activities in real time. To perceive the environment, robots usually equipped with rich sensors, which can be used to recognize their self-activities. However, the intrinsics of the sensors such as accelerometer, servomotor and gyroscope may have significant differences, individual sensor usually exhibits weak performance in perceiving the environment. Therefore, multi-sensor fusion becomes a promising technique so that to achieve better performance. In this paper, facing the issue of robot self-activity recognition, we propose a framework to fuse information from multiple sensory streams. Our framework takes Recurrent Neural Network(RNN) that uses Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM) units to model temporal information conveyed in multiple sensory streams. In the architecture, a hierarchy structure is used to learn the sensor-specific features, a shared layer is used to fuse the features extracted from multiple sensory streams. We collect a dataset on PKU-HR6.0 robot to evaluate the proposed framework. The experiment results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework.


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This national study examined effective student recruitment and retention practices used by colleges of agriculture in the United States among 1862 land-grant, 1890 land-grant, and non-land-grant institutions. Respondents reported that faculty at colleges of agriculture were primarily white. Through the analysis of sub-group percentages, the researchers found that the ethnic makeup of faculty was not reflective of the general population. The researchers found that administrators from 1862 land-grant institutions reported statistically significant differences (p < .05) regarding the use of specific strategies to target underrepresented populations in student recruitment as compared to other institutional types. Further, 1862 land-grant institutions reported statistically significant differences in student retention strategies (p < .05) as compared to other institutional types regarding the delivery of programs that aimed to retain first-year students. Based on key findings from this investigation, the authors developed the agricultural student retention model (ASRM) to help guide colleges of agriculture in improving their holistic retention program as they navigate inclusive and diverse institutional contexts. Additionally, key recruitment strategies were identified as well, that could facilitate holistic student recruitment efforts. Perhaps more significant progress can be made toward creating a sustainable agricultural workforce that is more reflective of U.S. population demographics using this model.


Public attitudes to restoration works on three rivers have been assessed using questionnaires and in‐depth interviews with local residents and restoration‐scheme managers, which were carried out after the implementation of the schemes. The results indicate that the restored rivers were well used and highly valued by the local public. At all three sites, the residents approved of the restoration work, and at two sites they considered that the schemes offered 'value for money'. There were differences in the responses to the schemes at the different locations. The research suggests that greater benefits may be perceived in restoring urban rivers such as the Skerne.


The first was the role of the consultant in hospital development and planning. At long last quite rapid planning was beginning to occur in the hospital services. Last year the Ministry of Health had allocated the sum of £25m. for the present year for major capital development. Further statements had since been made which broadly meant that in a few years' time, provided announcements next week did not alter it, the nation would be spending up to £50m. annually in hospital development. It was necessary to stress that doctors wished to take their full part in all the discussions on the development of the services-plans which might determine the pattern of the hospitals in this country for many generations to come. Among the planners were those who felt that it was for the planners and architects to design hospitals. The Committee had to reiterate again and again that they were vitally interested in seeing that hospitals in this country had all the services and amenities that a patient had a right to expect. They had moved away from the idea that a hospital was a place for the care of the sick to the idea that the hospital was a centre which provided a comprehensive consultant service for a community in an area-the number of beds in that centre now being an incidental. That attitude to hospitals of the future had mainly been originated by doctors. It was noteworthy that in this country doctors had not been drawn as much into discussions in that field as in other countries. He drew attention to remarks made by Professor Jewkes recently. The Ministry had accepted the profession's right to make comments. During last year most fruitful discussions in the Joint Committee, with the senior planning officer of the Ministry present, had taken place, where the way in which the Ministry was thinking had been outlined, and, since that time, a member of the C.C. and S, Committee had been invited to join in discussions and take a team along to put medical views to the Ministry on certain aspects of hospital planning. In some measure the fault lay with the profession that they had not taken as full a share in that aspect of things *The first and second parts of this report appeared in the Supplements of July 22 and 29. as they might because they had not thought about planning and services in their various areas as fully and deeply as they should. It was believed that any regional board would welcome the observations of a regional consultants and specialists committee which set up its own separate planning committee to give advice after careful thought about the development of services in the area.


Approved: uglas F. Markle The composition and distribution of fish assemblages was examined in a floodplain lake system in the Amazon basin. Quantitative samples were collected during the 1992-1 993 flooding season at Marchantaria Island, Solimôes River. A total of 25,819 specimens representing 8 orders, 30 families, 101 genera and 139 species of fish were collected. Analysis of species richness distribution among 7 vegetation strata showed that vegetated sites had higher species richness than unvegetated sites. Stands of Paspalum repens had the most diverse fish fauna. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) was used to investigate relationship between fish assemblages and 16 environmental variables. CCA revealed that dissolved oxygen, water transparency, water depth and aquatic vegetation structure were significantly related to fish assemblage organization. The results suggest that physiological adaptations to hypoxia and habitat complexity play a major role in the organization of these assemblages. The morphology, ontogenetic development, shape variability and deposition of otolith microincrements are described for floodplain serrasalmin fishes. Serrasalmin otoliths were similar to other ostariophysan, nevertheless their shape was species-specific. Elliptical Fourier analysis showed that Mylossoma Redacted for Privacy aureum lapilli were highly variable in shape when compared to closely related species. PCA and discriminant function analysis indicated that two distinct forms of lapillus can be recognized for M. aureum, and intra-species variation was higher than inter-species variation. Otolith microincrement analysis was tested for these fishes, and microincrement deposition validation showed that Piaractus bra chipomus deposits otolith increments on a daily basis. Patterns of spatial distribution, growth and mortality characteristics of larvae and juvenile were examined for M. aureum inhabiting the Marchantaria Island floodplain. Otolithderived birth date reconstruction showed that M.aureum spawning season extended from late November to March, and peak larvae recruitment to the island occurred in mid-December. Larvae and juveniles had different spatial distributions in relation to habitat usage. Instantaneous growth coefficients (g) varied from O.0197(d1) to O.265(d1) among cohorts. Early-season cohorts had wider otolith microincrements and higher instantaneous growth coefficients than late-season cohorts. Mortality estimated by the decline of loge (abundance) regressed on age indicated that cohort-specific instantaneous mortality varied significantly among cohorts, ranging from O.027(d1) (2.6%Id) to O.103(d1)


"Enterprise networks" and "entrprise networking" are buzz buzz phrases of the 1990s. They are on every salesperson's lips, together of course with "open" and "open systems." Many products are glowingly described with these phrases. Creating an enterprise network, however, requires more than just a knowledge of buzzwords. This article explains the basic subtleties of an enterprise network and the challenges of establishing one.


Just as university libraries differ from public libraries,so university librarians differ from public librarians.Besides teachers,the main readers in university libraries are university students,who differ from those in public libraries.Therefore,university librarians do not just have a simple relationship with university readers,but behave as teachers of learning and virtue,i.e.,use their own learning and service to affect students to achieve the final purpose of imparting knowledge and educating students.


Acetaminophen is one of the most common antipyretic agents used. Epidemiologic studies have shown an association between use of acetaminophen as antipyretic agent and increased incidence of asthma‐related complications in pediatric age group.1 Despite a lack of well‐conducted studies in this area, there has been a debate if acetaminophen should be avoided in children.1,2 The study investigators sought to address this question in comparison with ibuprofen in mild persistent asthma.


A solid phase extraction-comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with time-offlight mass Spectrometric(GC × GC-TOF-MS) method for analysis of 64 pesticides in vegetables was developed and validated.After extracting with acetonitrile,cleaning-up with NH2-SPE cartridge and concentrating with nitrogen,the pesticide residues were redissolved in the acetone and analyzed by GC × GC-TOF-MS coupled with HP-5MS and column DB-17 column.Sample matrix-matched calibration was used to determine the residue contents by external standard.The method was validated by the real samples,such as Brassica campestris,cucumber,eggplant,kidney bean and capsicum.The limits of detection(S/N = 3) and the limits of quantification(S/N = 10) were from 0.010 to 6.032 μg/kg and from 0.035 to 20.107 μg/kg,respectively.The overall recoveries ranged from 68.3% to 117.8% with the relative standard deviations(RSD) of 0.6%-9.1%.Two positive samples,polluted by acephate and cypermethrin with a residual concentration of 0.036 and 0.107 mg/kg,were screened by the developed method as detecting markets samples.


For the food manufacturer, the '70s were a decade of self‐defence. But, says Stephen King, the cause of reduced profits and product deterioration may not just rest with the tough buying policy of the retailer but also with the weak management sometimes displayed by the manufacturer. Over the years the brand name has been eroded by that of the retailer — witness the well‐known products herded together to advertise the price benefits of certain multiples — and the author sets out here a number of ways in which these problems should be tackled. These views were first heard at the Conference for the Food Manufacturers Federation, 'Food for growth', 1980.


The power converters play a key role for the performance of fuel cell power system. The fuel cell output voltage and power depend highly on the random load profile. Thus, a robust design and analysis of the converter can help the online control and optimize the diagnostic method in fuel cell applications. In this paper, a robust control algorithm for DC-DC converter for proton membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) applications is realized through a high-order super-twisting sliding mode method (STSM). The effectiveness of the proposed control methods is verified on a buck-boost converter under various operating conditions including step and varies input disturbances. Moreover, the proposed high-order sliding mode control algorithm can avoid the chattering phenomenon, which commonly happens in power converters when conventional sliding mode control method is deployed. The simulation and experimental results indicate that a stronger robustness can be obtained through the STSM method. The simple architecture of the proposed STSM make it easily to be implemented for the real-time online diagnostic control.


This paper presents a simulation study carried out to solve a problem of manufacturing process reengineering. The specific company in which the study took place is a medium size manufacturer of chest freezers, which required an in-depth analysis of its manufacturing operations in an attempt to increase its throughput and overall productivity. A simulation model of the current manufacturing system was developed to ascertain its limitations and problems. The relevant operational performance measures were analyzed in order to allow for the proposal of a set of changes to the actual manufacturing operations. In order to support the decision process concerned with the implementation of the suggested changes, these were included in the simulation model. The outcome of the simulation study was taken into account by the decision-makers and the recommendations are being implemented.


Abstract : The possibility of whether a fast operating computer can be made with the use of diode lasers is examined. Starting with the physical bases of the operation of diode lasers, their use in telecommunications engineering is briefly outlined. Finally the use of the couples laser photodiode as fast operating logic circuit elements is discussed. (Author)


The so-called Stazione Termini frescoes were physico-chemical characterized aiming at ensuring their conservation. The analysis included also two other sites frescoed during the same period, namely the Via Eleniana and the Palazzo Barberini frescoes, in order to compare the results obtained concerning the materials, pigments and techniques used. These frescoes were characterized in three stages: analysis of the mortar, analysis of the pigment and analysis of the glue that was found in the Stazione Termini frescoes, left over from the detachment operations performed in 1947. Results of chemical analysis led to the identification of the technique and the main materials used to make the frescoes.


A new viewpoint is used to understand the generation process of the Hilbert curve. A one-to-one correspondence between the 4-adic expansion of the unit interval and the fractal curve's iterative generating process is established, and an analytical expression of the level-n Hilbert curve is obtained. This expression can take limit and represent the curve with 2-adic series. Though composition of functions this expression can substitute the generator of the Hilbert curve, while it can be proved, by using the expression, that the generation of the Hilbert curve depends on how the subsquares are connected rather than the shape of the generator.


Abstract : The cermet antifriction material based on iron and containing copper and molybdenum disulfide is distinguished in that for the purpose of increasing the strength and antifriction properties, carbon and chromium are added, and the components are taken in the following ratio (in wt. percentage): chromium 2-4; carbon 2-4; copper 1.5-2.5; molybdenum disulfide 4-6; and iron the remainder. (Author)


Researchers at Seattle Children's Research Institute lab have discovered a genetic pathway that can be targeted with existing drugs to prevent GVHD.


10H-phenothiazines are prepared by Smiles rearrangement. These prepared phenothiazines are used as base to prepare ribofuranosides by treatment with b-D-ribofuranosyl-1-acetate-2,3,5-tribenzoate. 10H-Phenothiazines on refluxing with hydrogen peroxide in glacial acetic acid gave 10H-phenothiazine-5,5-dioxides. Their antioxidant and antimicrobial activity have been carried out. The structure of the synthesized compounds have been established by spectroscopic data.


This research aims to 1)Analyzing the effect of Service Quality on Customer Satisfaction during a pandemic at the Manado branch of PT Jasaraharja Putera; 2) Analyze the effect of Information Quality on Customer Satisfaction during a pandemic at the Manado branch of PT Jasaraharja Putera; 3) Analyze the effect of Service Quality on Repurchase Intention during a pandemic at the Manado branch of PT Jasaraharja Putera; 4) Analyze the effect of Information Quality on Repurchase Intention during a pandemic at the Manado branch of PT Jasaraharja Putera; 5) Analyze the effect of Customer Satisfaction on Repurchase Intention during a pandemic at the Manado branch of PT Jasaraharja Putera. This research was conducted at PT Jasaraharja Putera Manado Branch. The sample used in this research is a customer who buys back at PT Jasaraharja Putera Manado Branch, a total of 140 customers. The data collection technique used is a questionnaire. This research is a type of quantitative research using path analysis techniques (path analysis). This study also uses the Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis model to obtain latent variable relationships and to predict construct structural indicators. The results showed that there was a significant influence between service quality on customer satisfaction, as indicated by a significance value of P values of 0.00 <0.05, which means that there was a significant effect between service quality variables on customer satisfaction. There is an insignificant effect between the variable quality of information on customer satisfaction as indicated by the significance value of P values of


Endolymphatic hydrops was induced in the left ear of 10 albino guinea pigs by obliterating the endolymphatic duct and sac, and the effect of isosorbide was examined. DPOAEs at 4, 6 and 8 kHz were measured three times, ie before surgery, one to two weeks after surgery and one to two hours after oral administration of isosorbide. DPOAEs recorded one to two weeks after surgery exhibited a significant reduction in amplitude at 4 and 6 kHz, while there was no change at 8 kHz. According to our previous study, this finding indicates that the induced hydrops is still in the early stage where the threshold of the compound action potential has not yet elevated. Oral administration of isosorbide restored the amplitude of DPOAEs to the preoperative level at 4 and 6 kHz. The results obtained in the present study indicates that isosorbide is quite effective in preventing the development of hearing loss in the early stage of hydrops.


Passive energy dissipation technology is widely used to protect the structures from seismic damage together with traditional aseismic measures, and the friction dampers belong to the passive energy dissipation system . The results of many tests show that energy dissipation braces based on friction can dissipate a great deal of earthquake input energy and its aseismic behavior is very good. The theories and applications of friction dampers are summarized in such aspects as the development, theories, tests, design details and applications.


Last rapidly changing mobile handset market in many industries, as well as market conditions affect the prevalence of various content types of consumer spending in general is affecting. Changes in mobile handset market by separating the various consumer-tier analysis, or differentiated in consumers` purchasing behavior are being reflected in the property analysis and overview of customer satisfaction can be assessed by measuring. These mobile devices and the purchase of the devices to investigate the tendency to analyze and weigh the various content industries, you can see how important one can be considered. The development of mobile communication systems and wireless internet and multimedia applications can lead the industry accelerated. In this study, tried to investigate that the mobile communication systems in consideration of the special form of mobile handsets, and customer satisfaction of mobile phone handsets, and the relationship between customer loyalty. Outcome of this study, the mobile properties and the mobile handset brand, price, design and related details to be statistically significant variables were analyzed. In this study, the characteristics of future mobile handset market with a wide range of content-based guidelines for the development of the industry is expected to be able to provide.


Water phenomena are some of the most visually spectacular effects found in nature. This paper presents an efficient hybrid method to model turbulent water such as fast flowing rivers and waterfalls with the intent that the model can be used as part of a larger environment or scene. The model presented uses hydrostatic theory to incorporate a 2D height field and a particle system to model respectively the main volume and spray of turbulent water. The user is able to submit any environment formed from spheres and panels making the solution very flexible and adaptable.A smooth representation of the water surface is obtained by fitting a uniform B-Spline surface to the height field. Foam, spray and other turbulent effects are represented by particles which are rendered as spheres or billboards. Our results show that the model provides a nearly realistic simulation of turbulent water and for simple scenes nearly interactive speeds are possible which compares favorably with alternative techniques. For non-interactive applications ray tracing can be used to obtain higher quality results.


The design of today's electronic systems involves the use of a growing number of complex CAD tools. Invoking and controlling these tools, independently or as part of a captured, multioperation flow, remains an error-prone and largely unsolved problem. This problem is the focus of the design methodology management technical subcommittee (DMMTSC) of the CAD framework initiative. The authors describe the DMM problem, establish DMM requirements, and present the state of the DMMTSC effort to define interface standards for proposed solutions.<<ETX>>


In Chapter 1, we examined the facet-dependent electrical conductivity properties of single Cu2O crystals. We showed that a Cu2O octahedron is highly conductive, a cube is moderately conductive, and a rhombic dodecahedron is non-conductive. The conductivity differences are ascribed to the presence of a thin surface layer having different degrees of band bending. When electrical connection was made on two different facets of a rhombicuboctahedron, a diode-like response was obtained, demonstrating the potential of using single polyhedral nanocrystals as functional electronic components. Density of state (DOS) plots for three layers of Cu2O (111), (100), and (110) planes show respective metallic, semimetal, and semiconducting band structures. By examining DOS plots for varying number of planes, the surface layer thicknesses responsible for the facet-dependent electrical properties of Cu2O crystals have been determined to be below 1.5 nm for these facets.
In Chapter 2, we have synthesized Au‒Cu2O core‒shell nanocubes, octahedra, and rhombic dodecahedra with three different sizes for each particle shape by using 35 nm octahedral gold cores to investigate their facet-dependent optical properties. Structural characterization of the Au‒Cu2O rhombic dodecahedra has been extensively performed. The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption band arising from the gold cores is centered at 694, 721, and 741 nm for the Au‒Cu2O rhombic dodecahedra, octahedra, and nanocubes, respectively. Remarkably, tuning the oxide shell surface can produce a band position difference as large as 47 nm. The SPR band position is fixed despite large changes in the shell thickness. Cu2O shells also exhibit facet-dependent optical properties. A mixed sample of edge- and corner-truncated octahedra and truncated rhombic dodecahedra having significant {110} facets gives a gold SPR band at 710 nm, showing the band position is highly linked to the proportions of different Cu2O surfaces exposed. In addition, different-sized Au‒Cu2O core‒shell octahedra with 58, 65, 68, and 73 nm octahedral gold cores were prepared to clearly show the transition from the shell thickness-independent gold SPR peak for octahedra with smaller gold cores to a progressive red-shift of the band with increasing shell thickness in octahedra with larger gold cores.
In Chapter 3, we have synthesized Au@Ag‒Cu2O core‒shell rhombic dodecahedra, truncated octahedra and cuboctahedra with different sizes for each shape by using 42 nm cubic Au‒Ag cores for facet-dependent optical property examination. Truncated octahedra and cuboctahedra with tunable sizes were also prepared using 38 and 50 nm cubic Au‒Ag cores. The magnitudes of Au‒Ag SPR band red-shift at 260‒280 nm are much larger than those seen in Au‒Cu2O nanocrystals. By tuning the Cu2O shell shape from rhombic dodecahedral to cuboctahedral structures, the SPR absorption band separation can reach 55 nm. Facet-dependent optical absorption effect from the Cu2O shells can also be identified.
This thesis enhances our understanding of how crystal facets can strongly affect the electrical conductivity and optical absorption of Cu2O nanocrystals. In other studies, we have also shown that photocatalysis and organocatalysis, and more recently heat transmission, are also facet-dependent for Cu2O nanocrystals. As more demonstrations of facet-dependent effects are reported for Cu2O and other semiconductor materials, people would gradually realize and accept that many, if not all, semiconductor materials really possess various facet-dependent properties.


Health promotion is one of many strategies deployed by nurses. Documents and field experience suggest a partial integration of such interventions. A detailed analysis of the available literature shows that such an assertion might be unwarranted for three reasons: 1) the integration of health promotion in nursing has been the subject of only a limited number of empirical studies, 2) definitions of health promotion developed through nursing are some of the most frequently cited, and 3) elements of contemporary discourse are often enclosed in these definitions. This discussion examines the gap between the discourse and practice of health promotion. The analysis concludes that there is a pluralism of paradigms in nursing; a situation that can be attributed to the breadth of the discipline. Recommendations and stakes are addressed.


Abstract Commercially available hydrazine hydrate rapidly and quantitatively cleaves elemental tellurium, Tex, in strongly basic medium to Te2- 2, and to Te2- in the presence of sodium dithionite. The reaction proceeds smoothly in water and in all solvents which are unreactive towards strong bases and nucleophiles. Subsequent addition of electrophiles affords dialkyl ditellurides and tellurides in excellent yields.


So, finally, what is medicine? The question is so compelling precisely because there is no way exhaustively to answer it. It will remain open-ended because, as these six articles demonstrate, medicine itself is open-ended. The apparent disparities in their fields of concern – sports medicine, clinical trials, gerontology, militarystrategic uses of medicine, animal models – are indicative of the flexible ways medicine maps itself onto other domains and lends itself to varying, often conflicting social uses. In these articles, we can see medical knowledge and therapeutic practices enrolled in various kinds of market formation (bottled water, pharmacology), subjectification (fitness, ageing) and military administration (the Occupied Palestinian Territory), as well as in the more expected practices of clinical and experimental research. These examples of medical hybridity could be multiplied indefinitely, given the thorough diffusion of clinical and public health, forensics and biomedical innovation through the social body. However, multiplying examples will not necessarily help to elucidate the reasons for medicine's impressive traction, its ability to modulate and organize the varieties of life's unfolding, to use Brett Neilson's term. What do these articles and their particular topics tell us about such traction? One motif we can discern is the mutable relationship between medicine as an experimental system and medicine as an ethics of care. This motif is not surprising because it is structural to the formation of modern medicine. The history of the hospital is one in which religious forms of care and the alleviation of suffering among the


In 2015, the UN adopted the Program for Sustainable Development until 2030. The program consists of 17 goals aimed at eradicating poverty, conserving the planet's resources and ensuring prosperity. Each goal contains a set of indicators that must be achieved in 15 years. Achieving them requires the joint efforts of governments, civil society and business. The bio-sector, as a segment of the circular economy, covers all sectors and systems that rely on biological and environmental resources, their functions and principles. It can lead to the discovery of new opportunities to provide food, goods and energy without depleting the planet's limited biological resources. It can turn algae into fuel, recycle plastics, produce furniture or clothing from waste, and create organic fertilizers from industrial waste products. It has the potential to create over a million new "green jobs" by 2030. This shows that biosector enterprises have a key role to play in accelerating the achievement of the UN's global goals. They contribute to reducing climate change and waste, creating new jobs and building sustainable development in a modern society. Achieving sustainability at the global level depends on the adoption and application of the principles of sustainability in business policy and practice, ie building business models in bio-enterprises aimed at integrated and balanced and sustainable development of the three elements in the concept of sustainable development social and environmental and economic.


As part of a broad project to explore Li4MM′O6 materials (with M and M′ being selected from a wide variety of metals) as positive electrode materials for Li-ion batteries, the structures of Li4FeSbO6 materials with both stoichiometric and slightly deficient lithium contents are studied here. For lithium content varying from 3.8 to 4.0, the color changes from yellow to black and extra superstructure peaks are seen in the XRD patterns. These extra peaks appear as satellites around the four superstructure peaks affected by the stacking of the transition metal atoms. Refinements of both XRD and neutron scattering patterns show a nearly perfect ordering of Li, Fe, and Sb in the transition metal layers of all samples, although these refinements must take the stacking faults into account in order to extract information about the structure of the TM layers. The structure of the most lithium rich sample, where the satellite superstructure peaks are seen, was determined with the help of HRTEM, XRD, and neutron scat...


This paper considers the synthesis problem of a low-dispersion fiber Bragg grating (FBG) filter. This problem can be formulated as a nonlinear objective problem in practice. However, solving this problem with traditional methods is difficult because of its multimodal and ill-conditioned character. Inspired by the efficient ability of cross-entropy optimization (CEO) method to find near-optimal solutions in large search spaces, we propose the application of CEO method to search for design variables to satisfy the target design criteria. Computer simulation results show that the proposed CEO method can successfully achieve the target values of the design specifications. It also provides a reliable convergence to the near-optimum solution. These findings indicate that the CEO algorithm is more appropriate for the FBG filter design compared with conventional particle swarm optimization method.


This paper presents an algorithm for path tracking of two robot arms with end-effectors gripping a common inertial load. The path is generated as a sequence of elementary motions where each position on the path is defined as a function of the previous one. The characteristic feature of the present algorithm is that it avoids singularities, because there is no need of using the inverse kinematics. Direction and prox- imity criteria are introduced. Constraints are formulated in order to keep the orientation of the inertial load constant and the distribution of the inertial load to the end-effectors almost invariant. The application of parallel architecture methods to path tracking according to the previous algorithm are presented. Both the single instruction multiple data (SIMD) and multiple instruction multiple data (MIND) implementations have been applied. The processing time is reduced considerably.


Topologies are crucial for the cadastral data model. Considering the development of 3-D cadaster and temporal cadaster, 0-D–4-D multidimensional cadastral objects should be considered in the cadastral data model. There are few data models to support 0-D–4-D multidimensional cadastral objects and their topological relations, and some existing models represent the topological relations using complicated methods. This paper presents a multidimensional cadastral topological data model (MDCTDM). This model represents the topological relations of all cadastral objects simply and efficiently using a single basic element to associate the cadastral objects of each dimension in the same manner. Based on the generalized map, we extend the cell-tuple structure and propose an object-tuple structure for the MDCTDM. We design the data structure for the MDCTDM and implement it in a relational database. In this database, the topological relations of cadastral objects can be easily queried by using simple structured query language (SQL) statements. To verify the operations of the MDCTDM in the database, we describe a case of the insert operation. The case demonstrates that the operation can be implemented easily by SQL statements.


Located in north ecotone in China,Wulanchabu league belongs to semi-arid climate region and the shortage of water resource has seriously limited the economic development and ecological environment rehabilitation.Based on the analysis of the water resources characteristics and the existing problems,the areas of woodland and meadow were calculated based upon statistic yearbooks.The water requirements of different kinds of vegetations were calculated by water balance and ration method.Because the water requirement is mainly supplied by rainfall,through water balance analysis,the water requirement is(12.063) billion m~3 and the shortage is 1.083 billion-1.137 billion m~3 in the area.And accordingly measures to develop vegetations based on ecological water needs are put forward.


IntroductionSilicosis is one of the oldest occupational lung disease, which is incurable and is caused by inhalation of dust containing free crystalline silica. Silicosis is preventable disease. Still this disease kills thousands of workers around the worlds every year. Various studies have should that the quarry workers due not having awareness regarding silicosis and its prevention. In this study, distribution of booklet among quarry workers is an attempt to improve the knowledge regarding silicosis and it/s prevention. Material and Methods Quantitative descriptive survey study approach and non experimental research design was used.Total 100 quarry workers working in mining and residing in Jodhpur were selected by purposive sampling technique.Data collection by structured knowledge questionnaire and analysed by using descriptive and inferential


IPC Int. Cl. 7 : A61P31/00 Pyramids are structures usually with a square base and sloping triangular sides meeting in an apex. Even though they are normally associated with the Egyptian culture, they are to be found in almost all ancient cultures. The stepped pyramids of the Mayan culture of South America are well known. One can find pyramidal structures mentioned even in the ancient Vedic culture as part of Vaastu Shastra. The canopy of the sanctum sanctorum in Indian temples is an example of the use of a pyramidal structure. Lots of legends have grown around the purpose of the pyramids, especially of the Egyptian variety. Many claims are made about the influence of pyramids on both living and non-living matter. There are claims that perishable substances placed inside pyramidal structures are preserved for long periods. This is attributed to the property of pyramids of capturing cosmic energy from the surroundings, which is supposed to inhibit the growth of microorganisms, arresting or retarding the decay process. While these claims are part of a cultural heritage, there are no records available about systematic scientific controlled experiments done to substantiate these claims. The claims also cannot be dismissed offhand as superstition, since they are the accumulated wisdom of several millennia. Hence they deserve serious consideration. It was therefore decided to undertake an experimental investigation, using standard experimental techniques, subjecting the results to a rigorous statistical analysis, but focusing the attention here on only one aspect of the problem, viz. the effect of the structure on the growth of microorganisms in samples of fresh milk placed inside pyramidal structures.


Airborne wind energy (AWE) is an emerging technology for the conversion of wind energy into electricity by flying crosswind patterns with a tethered aircraft. Having a proper understanding of the unsteady interaction of the air with the highly dynamic system during operation is key to developing viable AWE systems. High fidelity simulation tools are needed to correctly predict these interactions, which will provide insights into the design and operation of advanced and efficient AWE systems. The research goal of this contribution is to predict the time-varying aerodynamic forces acting on a reference system, which will be achieved using high-fidelity modelling. This work contains a feasibility study that uses the Chimera overset technique to simulate aerodynamic behaviour over the complete flight trajectory. The motion of the AWE system is included by overlaying the moving body-fitted mesh attached to the AWE aircraft over the background mesh. The Chimera overset technique connects both meshes, interpolating the solution at the overset boundary. This technique has been proven to be a robust approach to simulate the motion of an AWE system in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations.


Non-contact torque measurement system of fiber grating is proposed in this paper. It is used for the dynamic torque measurement of the rotating axis in the spaceflight servo system. Optical fiber is used as sensing probe with high sensitivity, anti-electromagnetic interference, resistance to high temperature and corrosion. It is suitable to apply in a bad environment. Signals are processed by digital circuit and Single Chip Microcomputer. This project can realize super speed dynamic measurement and it is the first time to apply the project in the spaceflight system.


This study aims to reveal the types of consumptive behavior and describe the forms of cognitive, affective and behavioral effects that appear on followers of the @RacunBelanja account in the coments column of the @RacunBelanja Twitter account in December 2022. This research uses a qualitative method with a content analysis type of research. The data collection technique in this study was by means of documentation and observation on the Twitter account @RacunBelanja. The results of the study show that (1) There are four types of consumptive behavior that occur in the comments column of the Twitter account @RacunBelanja, namely buying products because of the lure of gifts, buying products based on price considerations (not on the basis of benefits or uses), buying products only just maintaining a status symbol and using a product because of conformity to the model that advertises, (2) Based on the results of the study it was found that in the comments column of the Twitter account @RacunBelanja in December 2022 there were cognitive effects, affective effects and behavioral effects


Summary.  Background: The benefit‐to‐risk ratio of vitamin K antagonists (VKA), relative to active comparators, especially low‐molecular‐weight heparins (LMWH), for preventing venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery is debated. Objectives: We performed a meta‐analysis of all randomized trials in orthopedic surgery comparing adjusted doses of VKA to control treatments. Patients and methods: An exhaustive literature search, both manual and computer‐assisted, was performed. Studies were selected on the basis of randomization procedure (VKA vs. a control group). At least one of the following outcome measures was to be evaluated: deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE), death, major hemorrhage or wound hematoma. Four reviewers assessed each article to determine eligibility for inclusion and outcome measures. Results: VKAs were more effective than placebo or no treatment in reducing DVT [567 patients, relative risk (RR) = 0.56, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.37, 0.84, P < 0.01] and clinical PE (651 patients, RR = 0.23, 95% CI 0.09, 0.59, P < 0.01). These results were obtained at the cost of a higher rate of wound hematoma (162 patients, RR = 2.91, 95% CI 1.09, 7.75, P = 0.03). VKAs were also more effective than intermittent pneumatic compression (534 patients, RR = 0.46, 95% CI 0.25, 0.82, P = 0.009) in preventing proximal DVT. In contrast, VKAs were less effective than LMWH in preventing total DVT and proximal DVT (9822 patients, RR = 1.51, 95% CI 1.27, 1.79, P < 0.001; and 6131 patients, RR = 1.51, 95% CI 1.04, 2.17, P = 0.028, respectively). The differences between VKA and LMWH in major hemorrhage and wound hematoma were not significant. Conclusions: In patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery, VKAs are less effective than LMWH, without any significant difference in the bleeding risk.


Manuscript received: 13.05.17; Revision accepted: 28.08.17 A 26-year-old female underwent big bubble (BB) deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) in the left eye for advanced keratoconus. During the procedure, a Type 2 bubble (T2B) with a clear margin and extending to periphery was noticed [Fig. 1]. As manipulating T2B carries a high risk of rupture of Descemet's membrane (DM), it was left in situ. An anterior chamber paracentesis was done. The procedure was completed by manual layer by layer dissection to get close to DM [Fig. 2]. Donor tissue was secured with interrupted 10-0 nylon sutures. Postoperative anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) scans were taken to document the absorption of T2B [Figs. 3-5]. The bubble got completely absorbed at the end of the first week. At the last follow-up of 4 months, the patient had an uncorrected visual acuity of 6/36 with a clear graft.


Project Outcome:

Project outcomes provide robust resources for the ROI of virtual study abroad, as well as feedback on technology requirements and support processes.


Dehydrohalogenation of cis-1,2-dichloro-1-alkenes, RCCl═CHCl, with potassium hydroxide in butanol has been used to prepare a number of new 1-chloro-1-alkynes, viz. 1-chloro-1-propyne-d3, 1-chloro-1-propyne, 1-chloro-1-butyne, and 1-chloro-1-pentyne in good yields. The last three compounds were also prepared by chlorination of 1-propyne, 1-butyne, and 1-pentyne with sodium hypochlorite.


Once a year the members of each scientific society are asked to listen to an address by its retiring president. One of the favorite subjects of such an address is a review of recent work which falls within the scope of the speaker's principal interests. My address, therefore, will be a review of the work in sil icate struclures of the last ten years. This decade has not been as startlingly full of discoveries in this field as the previous one, Iargely because many investigators equipped with better apparatus and rnathematical tools, invaded organic chemistry as well as other fields unfamiliar to a mineralogist. In the time at my disposal, I wil l not be able to cover more than an outline of the progress in silicate studies. I will not even touch on ceramics and cement products, interesting as thel' s,1s.


The article deals with the essence of teenagers social competence, principles of its formation, and a specially developed training is also described as one of the methods of social competence formation.


The purpose of this study was to describe the nature and quality of the chapter-end tests that accompany textbook series used in the elementary and middle school grades. In the first phase of the study, three to five tests from each of Grades 3, 5, and 7 and from each of five social studies series were evaluated. In the second phase, three to four tests from each of Grades 2, 4, and 6 and from each of five science series were evaluated. For the typical test in both subject areas, there were 21 items, mostly multiple choice and/or matching. About half of the chapter objectives were measured by its items, and about half of its items matched one of the chapter objectives. In addition, about two thirds of the items in a test were phrase matches with the textbook sentences or phrases, and about 90% of the items were classified at the knowledge level. We recommend that teachers not use these tests intact for classroom assessment.


Purpose – The paper analyses the challenges of globalization for exchange rate and monetary policy. Design/methodology/approach – It first deals with the implications of globalization for the choice of an appropriate exchange rate regime. Then it discusses different strategic aspects of monetary policy in the light of globalization. Finally, it examines the effect of globalization on inflation and the implications of this for the focus on monetary policy. Findings – The main challenge of globalization for exchange rate policy refers to the choice of an appropriate exchange rate regime. Exchange rate policy is constrained by the financial instability tendency effect of globalization insofar as intermediate exchange rate regimes tend to be very unstable. However, globalization may also create the desire to change the focus of monetary policy. Globalization is sometimes argued to reduce inflationary pressures and therefore to "ease" the job of central banks. However, there are caveats with this conclusion or arguments that are discussed in this paper. Originality/value – The paper gives an innovative overview of the various challenges of globalization for monetary policy.


In this review, a brief discussion of peptides, polypeptides, and their self-assembly architecture as a diverse platform for precision and personalized medicine. Self-assembly is a vital force of nature. The self-assembly process of the peptide chains is dynamic — reassembly repeatedly occurs in a self-healing manner. The interactions that happen to reassemble peptide structures include van der Waals forces, ionic bonds, hydrogen bonds, and hydrophobic forces. These forces also facilitate the molecular recognition function that the peptides encompass.


BACKGROUND
In Nepal, it is estimated that about 3 million children under 5 years of age are prone to diarrhea and previous studies have shown rotavirus as the major etiological agent. Given the high burden of rotavirus, Rotarix® vaccine was introduced in the national immunization schedule in July 2020. This study was carried out in a tertiary health center from January- September 2018 to determine the burden of rotavirus diarrhea as well as genotypic variations in the circulating virus prior to vaccine introduction in Kathmandu, Nepal.

METHODS
Hospital based cross sectional study was conducted among children less than 5 years of age attending Kanti Children's Hospital. Rotavirus antigen detection was performed by enzyme immunoassay using ProSpecT Rotavirus Microplate Assay. Rotavirus A positive samples were further confirmed by genotyping using Reverse-Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction.

RESULTS
A total of 530 children that included 184 males and 346 females were enrolled in this study. Rotavirus antigen was detected in 112 (21.1%) stool samples. Of the total 112 positive EIA stool samples that were genotyped, G12P[6] (30.3%) was found to be the most common type, followed by G3P[8] (26.8%), mixed type (14.3%), and G1P[6] (13.4%).

CONCLUSIONS
Continued surveillance should be carried out nationwide in Nepal to understand the effectiveness of the vaccination program and to report any new trends in the circulating genotypes.


Background—Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) and pharmacological preconditioning (PPC) have both been shown to confer cardioprotective effects. However, the role of protein synthesis in preconditioning is unclear. Methods and Results—Isolated rabbit hearts were treated with cycloheximide (CHx, 10 &mgr;mol/L), a protein synthesis inhibitor at the translational level, before 2 cycles of IPC (5 minutes of global ischemia/5 minutes of reperfusion, n=6) or PPC by pinacidil (PIN, 10 &mgr;mol/L; n=6), an ATP-sensitive potassium channel opener. Six rabbit hearts received actinomycin D (Act D, 20 &mgr;mol/L; n=6), a protein synthesis inhibitor at the transcriptional level, before IPC. The left anterior descending coronary artery was then occluded for 60 minutes and reperfused for 120 minutes. Control hearts received no treatment before prolonged ischemia (n=6). Left ventricular pressure, action potential duration, and coronary flow were measured. Infarct size is expressed as a percentage of the area at risk. IPC (n=6) and PIN (n=8) hearts experienced reduced infarct size compared with control hearts (22±3% and 27±2% versus 46±3%, IPC and PIN versus control;P <0.01). Translational blockade (CHx) reversed the IPC infarct size reduction effect (22±3% versus 48±4%, IPC versus CHx+IPC;P <0.01) but not the effects of pinacidil (27±2% versus 29±3%, PIN versus CHx+PIN;P =NS). Transcriptional blockade (Act D) did not abolish the IPC effect (23±5% versus 22±3%, Act D+IPC versus IPC;P =NS). There were no significant differences in electromechanical function consequent to CHx and Act D treatment. Conclusions—These findings suggest an important role for protein synthesis in the mechanism for IPC-mediated protection at the translational level, which may be different from PPC.


Literature review: the luxury industry fundamentals. INdustry evolution and last trends. Literature review: luxury brand management. Brand extension. A luxury paradox: balancing heritage with innovation. New forms of disruption. Analysis of consumers' perceptions about heritage luxury brands and their innovative strategies. Presentation and analysis of the survey. Final conclusions.


Two clinical trials to assess the efficacy of two topical beta-blocker preparations involved the recruitment of 60 and 40 patients respectively. The greatest obstacle encountered in carrying out the trials was recruiting patients. This difficulty is reported in detail and comparisons are made with the experience of others who have met similar problems.


In 1985 the County Administrations of Sodermanland and Uppsala counties produced new routines for approving driving licence sanctions after traffic sobriety offences. The intention was to reduce recidivism by means of an intensive initial follow up involving reports from a psychiatrist. It was found however that the number of driving licence applications from those convicted was lower than expected. This study describes an attempt to clarify the reasons for the lack of renewals. Statistics are presented for traffic sobriety offences in the Uppsala police district from 1984 to 1989. The figures are analysed with respect to the holding of a driving licence, recidivism in traffic sobriety offences, blood alcohol levels and age. A special study is then described of 87 cases where the offender lacked a driving licence. Factors affecting the study are considered including the problem of re- offences during the same period and dependence on police checking efforts. Comparisons are made with a related study carried out in 1970, and it is found that the number of offenders has not decreased. Many convicted drivers however had vehicles registered and were driving without licences. The authors question the success of current traffic sobriety measures. This report was originally published in Swedish as: Alkohol och Koerkort. Laensstyrelsen i Uppsala Iaen, July 1990 (IRRD 852832).


Abstract.  The Andersson–Madigan–Perlman (AMP) Markov property is a recently proposed alternative Markov property (AMP) for chain graphs. In the case of continuous variables with a joint multivariate Gaussian distribution, it is the AMP rather than the earlier introduced Lauritzen–Wermuth–Frydenberg Markov property that is coherent with data‐generation by natural block‐recursive regressions. In this paper, we show that maximum likelihood estimates in Gaussian AMP chain graph models can be obtained by combining generalized least squares and iterative proportional fitting to an iterative algorithm. In an appendix, we give useful convergence results for iterative partial maximization algorithms that apply in particular to the described algorithm.


The conditions for identity formation are changing depending on where it's presented and represented. Fashion is an important component when trying to communicate and create a social identity in today's urban society which is characterized by consumption and media. This essay aims to examine in what way the transparent plastic bag can communicate our identity. By investigating and analyzing Instagram images of the plastic bag, through a semiotic analysis, we can understand which components are relevant and why. The results of the semiotic image analysis shows that the plastic bag holds a key position when trying to communicate an identity through it, mainly due to its capability to transform and be formed. The carrier can curate the content of the bag in a desired way, depending on the individual ideals and goals to be reached. Combined with the theories on how we create, build and communicate our identity the results show us which higher symbolic values we add to material culture. By knowing that the symbolic value in material culture is crucial for our identity, the study also shows how we both embrace and distance ourselves from the values we can or can't identify ourselves with. Hence, we can use the transparent plastic bag to create, experiment and communicate our identity in a variable way.


www.jogh.org • doi: 10.7189/jogh.09.010313 1 June 2019 • Vol. 9 No. 1 • 010313 years ago, health experts and policy makers from 134 countries convened in what is now Almaty to attend a conference on international primary health care. On 12 September 1978 the Alma-Ata Declaration was approved, with the ambitious goal of achieving "health for all by the year 2000" [1]. 'Alma-Ata's' target of "health for all" was based on the World Health Organization's constitutional definition, where health is "a state of physical, mental and spiritual well-being, not merely an absence of disease or infirmity" – a highly aspirational rather than measurable objective. According to Halfdan Mahler, the inspirational director-general of the World Health Organization at the time, Alma Ata was "one of the rare occasions where a sublime consensus between the haves and the have-nots in local and global health emerged" [2]. Its Declaration revolutionized the world's interpretation of health with the core principles of universal access to care, equity, community participation, intersectoral collaboration, and appropriate use of resources, as well as by stating that inadequate and unequal health care was unacceptable: economically, socially, and politically [3]. These principles remain relevant today, but regrettably in many countries commitments have gone unfulfilled. This viewpoint argues that the outcomes of the 2018 Astana Declaration as a successor to Alma-Ata will also be deficient and health inequalities will persist unless specific actions are taken to truly put primary health care at the centre of the overall health system [4].


There is hardly any shortage of studies on the problem of religious extremism. However, what most studies on religiously motivated terrorism and armed conflict lack is a balanced view, a perspective which recognizes that Islamic religion is not the only religion susceptible to extremism. This is the lacuna which this paper seeks to fill, the exploration of extremism in the context of Christianity, a religion which all too often claims to distinguish itself from the acts of extremism often pointed out in Islam. Using the Christian religious setting of Chika Unigwe's second novel, On Black Sisters' Street, the researcher through the lens of postcolonial theory studies the way in which the novel, through the family of Brother Cyril–Ama's supposed father – represents religious extremism as a menace strangulating the peace and unity of families in post-colonial (post-independence) Africa. In detecting and discussing Brother Cyril's extremist actions, the paper further employs Alex P. Schmid's EMI-20, an instrument developed for the detection of extremism using TwentyIndicators for Monitoring Extremism.


Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an interstitial lung disease characterized by an aberrant and deregulated remodeling process, where the immune system plays an important role, with smoking being the main risk factor. Cigarette smoke extract (CSE) induces damage and synthesis of cytokines in the epithelium of the respiratory tract. The CCL2 chemokine is elevated in the bronchoalveolar lavage of patients with IPF. However, it is unknown whether CSE induces its profibrotic effect through CCL2. The objective of the study is to evaluate the role of CCL2 in the migration and expression of profibrotic molecules using an In vitro model of A549 lung epithelial cells transfected with the CCL2 gene and CSE-stimulated CCD25 fibroblasts. Our findings indicate that CSE increases the expression of CCL2 and modulates the migration and proliferation of A549 cells and the expression and synthesis of TGF-β1. The conditioned medium of A549 cells that overexpress CCL2 induces migration and overexpression of IL6 in fibroblasts. CCL2 overexpression in CSE-stimulated A549 cells induces a profibrotic effect in CCD25 fibroblasts, serving as an orchestrator in the development of IPF.


PURPOSE: A simultaneous matching method of 3d scan data is provided to minimize a tangent distance error of unknown correspondence and sliding penalty of marker correspondence. CONSTITUTION: The first data which is 3D scanned is inputted to the first part of an object(S740). The second data which is 3D scanned is inputted to the second part of the object. The first metric is generated based on a tangent plane of the first point and the second point(S810). The second metric is generated based on the distance between the first point and the second point(S820). A hybrid metric is generated based on the first metric and the second metric(S840). Rotation conversion or parallel movement conversion of the second data are searched to minimize the hybrid metric(S850).


Background No formal guidelines exist to inform the selection of appropriate equivalence margins or the timing of efficacy assessment for comparative effectiveness trials of biosimilars in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Studies to date have specified a single time-point for assessment of the primary outcome and an equivalence margin based on experience in placebo-controlled trials of the reference product. Neither of these adequately describes the dynamic early responses to TNF inhibition nor provides an optimally sensitive measure to assess bioequivalence. However, by applying multiple statistical analyses across frequent early time points, a "totality-of-the-evidence" might be generated that could sufficiently demonstrate clinical similarity. Methods To compare the statistical evaluation of bioequivalence using aggregate information from early time-points to that using data from the primary endpoint at week 16, 189 subjects with active RA on stable doses of oral methotrexate were randomized 2:1 to receive double-blinded treatment with BOW015 or reference infliximab (rIFX) and assessed for efficacy at weeks 0, 2, 6, 14, and 16. The pre-specified primary endpoint was the proportion of subjects achieving an ACR20 response at week 16, as previously reported. In this novel post-hoc analysis, a generalized estimating equation, logistic regression, and an exponential time response model were applied to aggregate data from the early time-points in this trial. Aggregated and integrated analysis were compared to the assessment of bioequivalence using data only from the primary endpoint. Results At the week 16 primary endpoint, comparable proportions of BOW015- and rIFX treated-patients achieved an ACR20 response, yielding a 95% confidence interval (CI) for the treatment difference of -12.6% to 19.3% by the protocol-specified 2-sided Fisher's Exact test methodology. Analyses to assess the average proportion of ACR20 responders over multiple time-points during the first 16 weeks provide a more stringent assessment of equivalence, with 95% CIs for the treatment difference that fall within a narrower range than that achieved using the Exact test at week 16 (Table 1). Non-linear modeling further confirmed this comparable time-response profile across 16 weeks in agreement with averaged findings.Table 1 Method of Analysis Reference Infliximab BOW015 Difference Exact 95% CI %ACR20 responders %ACR20 responders Exact test, week 16 86.44% 89.83% −3.39% (−19.27, 12.60) GEE, week 0–16 67.49% 67.47% 0.02% (−15.95, 15.95) Logistic regression, week 0–16 66.65% 67.97% −1.70% (−17.61, 14.28) Logistic regression, week 2, 6 49.1% 46.37% 2.73% (−13.44, 18.44) Logistic regression, week 2, 6, 14 57.58% 56.88% 0.70% (−15.11, 16.78) CI, Confidence interval. Conclusions Assessment of therapeutic equivalence by aggregating multiple time-points during the steep phase of the time response curve, using appropriate statistical methods to validate attainment of bioequivalence margins, can provide a more comprehensive assessment of biosimilarity than a measure taken at a single timepoint. Disclosure of Interest G. Castañeda-Hernández Consultant for: Amgen Inc.; AbbVie Inc.; AstraZeneca; Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH; Epirus Biopharmaceuticals, Inc.; Janssen Biotech, Inc.; Laboratorios Sophia S.A.; Merck Serono; Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp.; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corp.; Pfizer Inc.; Roche Laboratories, Inc.; Sanofi, and UCB Inc., M. Wyand Shareholder of: Epirus Biopharmaceuticals, Employee of: Epirus Biopharmaceuticals, C. Lassen Shareholder of: Epirus Biopharmaceuticals, Employee of: Epirus Biopharmaceuticals, L. Shneyer Consultant for: Epirus Biopharmaceutical, Merck Pharmaceuticals; J. Kay Grant/research support from: (paid to the University of Massachusetts Medical School): from AbbVie Inc.; Eli Lilly and Company; Pfizer Inc.; and Roche Laboratories, Inc., Consultant for: Amgen Inc.; AbbVie Inc.; AstraZeneca; Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company; Crescendo Bioscience, Inc.; Eli Lilly and Company; Epirus Biopharmaceuticals, Inc.; Genentech Inc.; Hospira, Inc.; Janssen Biotech, Inc.; Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp.; Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation; Pfizer Inc.; Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; Roche Laboratories, Inc.; Samsung Bioepis; UCB, Inc.


This work is based on the perspective of language as a right, identity of a speech group, immigrants from Europe in the eighteenth century, as well as their descendants. In spite of the processes of unification of the German language linked to the ideal of nationalization, the first in 1911 (by Orestes Guimaraes), and the second during the Estado Novo (1937-1945), the German language and the Teuto-Brazilian culture are still present in modern times. Starting from a literature review, we aim at understanding the new attempts to "rescue" the German language, as well as the ethnic-cultural maintenance in Blumenau (SC) from the implementation of a bilingual (Portuguese-German) school. Despite the implementation of the bilingual school as an inclusive linguistic policy that seeks to value the language of a minority (German) group, there are still challenges to be overcome: initial and continuing bilingual teacher education and recognition of the German dialect in use by this community.


We perform an event study to assess one potential effect of economic sanctions on source countries. Specifically, for publicly-traded firms in the U.S. that report China as a geographic segment, we examine the stock price reaction to the Tiananmen Square Massacre, which occurred on June 4, 1989. Such firms experienced an economically- and statistically-significant negative market reaction to the Massacre. This finding suggests that the event increased the probability of economic sanctions against China, and that this increased probability adversely impacted at least one segment of the source-country's population. Prior studies have examined the adverse effects to the target country (e.g., China), but have not been able to document systematic evidence of the effects to the source country (e.g., U.S.).


Background: Snoring and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are both common disorders with a number of negative health effects. The safety and efficacy of treating snoring and OSA surgically have been qu ...


The present invention relates to a nano-filter device, comprising: a screen film, the film is mesh aggregates of carbon nanotubes comprising a plurality of carbon nanotubes connected to the plurality of stacked set; and a porous support structure, the screen is located above the porous structure film support. The different nanometer filter apparatus, which uses a carbon nanotube aggregates comprising a plurality of carbon nanotubes connected to a film screen, since the carbon nanotube aggregate having a nanoscale diameter carbon nanotubes, and carbon nanotubes having a main multiple connector the stem portion and at least one branched structure connected to the stem portion; screen so that the film has a high specific surface area, porosity and other characteristics. Thus, the nano-filter means having a high screening efficiency. Further, it can be adjusted the size of the membrane filter pore screen by changing the thickness of the deposited film of carbon nanotubes of the screen.


Pome fruits including apples and pears widely recognized species and shows rich morphological and biochemical properties. However, the studies on the other pome fruits including quince are scarce in literature. Quince is one of the most diverse specie in the pome fruits and, in particular, its fruits are rich in bioactive compounds. Türkiye, China and Uzbekistan are leading country for world quince production. Due to self-pollination characteristics, it is possible to obtain high quality quince genotypes from seeds. In this study, some important fruit properties of ten seed propagated quince genotypes naturally found in Aras valley, located in the eastern Anatolia region of Türkiye were investigated. The genotypes differed each other for most of the morphological, biochemical and human health promoting properties. Fruit weight were in range of 205-389 g among genotypes. Seven genotypes were found pear-shaped (pyriformis) and the rest of the genotypes were apple-shaped (maliformis). Fruit firmness ranged from 5.12 kg/cm2 to 8.30 kg/cm2, respectively. Fruit skin Chroma and Hue values were found between 47.34-65.67 and 71.98-89.17, respectively. SSC (Soluble Solid Content), Vitamin C and total phenolic content of the genotypes ranged from 9.7-13.4%, 4.2-11.2 mg per 100 g FW (fresh weight), 290–432 mg gallic acid equivalent per 100 g FW, respectively. This work constitutes an important step in the conservation of quince genetic resources in the eastern Anatolia.


A first total synthesis of (±)-ambinine (1) was completed using the 13-methylprotoberberine (10), a plausible biogenetic precursor, which could be prepared via the isoquinolone derivative (8).


Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the blood vessel wall that is characterized by the accumulation of mononuclear cells, which are transformed into tissue macrophages/foam cells, and of T cells. The general acceptance of this concept began in the late 1980s1 and was soon followed by attempts to understand the mechanisms by which the leukocytes were attracted into the arterial wall. A general understanding previously had been achieved, in other inflammatory contexts, of the mechanisms of leukocyte-endothelial interactions in the form of rolling, adhesion, and migration from the blood compartment through the endothelium as a result of the actions of selectins, adhesion molecules, and chemotactic cytokines called chemokines.2 Chemokines act through a specific family of receptors on leukocytes and other cells to activate high-affinity binding sites for counter receptors/adhesion molecules on endothelium. They also have potent chemoattractant activity-guiding leukocyte migration through tissues.

Chemokines constitute a large number of structurally related proteins that have been classified into families based on relative positions of cysteine (C) residues.2 A prototype chemokine is monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), which has been associated with the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis as discussed below. MCP-1, for example, belongs to the C-C family with adjacent cysteine residues. Fractalkine is a novel, recently discovered chemokine that belongs to the CXXXC (CX3C) family …