Differential games are multi-agent versions of optimal control problems, which have been used for modeling control systems of smart grids. Thus, a differential-game theoretic approach is a promising mathematical framework enabling to discuss a demand-side energy management system where there are multiple decision-making entities. This paper first indicates that the optimal demand-side management of multiple demand-side actors (e.g., consumers, houses, buildings, communities) in a decentralized way is formulated as a differential game. In addition, we point out that an information structure (e.g., open-loop, feedback), that is the most important property of differential games, corresponds to availability of communications. When information shared by communications is available, it enables demand-side actors to act in an appropriate manner, i.e., demand-side actors conduct decentralized feedback control. On the other hand, when shared information is unavailable due to communication failure, demand-side actors do not necessarily give up control and they may use another type of control, such as prediction-based control. For example, demand-side actors are assumed to manage the power consumption to minimize disutility and the electricity rates allocated to the power grid, and to maintain the demand-supply balance by considering a photovoltaic power generation. Numerical analyses demonstrate that the proposed framework enables a trade-off analysis for decentralized controls considering the availability of shared information.


Brunei Bay, with an area of about 3,000 square kilometres and billowed by the SouthChina Sea, is rich in various flora and fauna and important to the fishing communityliving in the coastal area and river estuary of Brunei Bay and Padas Bay. This paperaims to study the status of the coastal marine and river estuary ecosystems and to whatextent the action of the fishing and private communities has given impact to the coastalmarine and river estuary ecosystems in Brunei Bay. To accomplish this study, severalobjectives were outlined such as to study the physical characteristics of the coast andthe sea in Brunei Bay, background, number, and income of the fishermen; fishing activities,ownership of boat and engine, fishing methods used, types of fish caught and oil andice facilities; landing and marketing including number of arrests, role of middlemen, jetty landing facilities, fish marketing activities, market price; role of the Department of Fisheries and
Lembaga Kemajuan Ikan Malaysia (LKIM) in overseeing the fishing industryand improving the living standards of fishermen in Brunei Bay; current problems faced by the fishing industry and finally the status of the marine ecosystem of Brunei Bay.Studies regarding the relationship between the marine ecosystem and the existence of the fishing community include coastal areas and estuaries and involved 73 respondentsfrom 14 fishing villages in Brunei Bay and Padas Bay.


The method of using of the solution, such as a protein solution and the composite film is a film capable of selective removal of particles such as viral particles, is provided. The porous substrate film, located between the ultrafiltration skin layer having separating properties, and the substrate and the skin layer, and made of the average particle size is less than the mid-band base. Intermediate zone has no air gap to form a gap of the skin layer and the fluid interchange with the substrate directly. It may have a selective reduction in the number value of about 3 from the composite membrane solution (99.9% removal).


Voltage sensors are highly important in power control systems for high efficiency and high reliability. In this work, we present miniaturized GaN-on-Si voltage sensors based on a back-gate topology: high-voltage signals (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {IN}}{)}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> applied on the substrate, and low-voltage (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {OUT}}{)}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> or low-current (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${I}_{\text {OUT}}{)}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> output signals determined from the varying resistance of the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) at the device channel. The device presented high sensitivity of 5.97 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\pm ~0.16~\mu \text{S}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, high input resistance (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${R}_{\text {IN}}{)}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> up to 1.3 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{T}\Omega $ </tex-math></inline-formula>, and a low input capacitance of 1.6 nF/cm2. Excellent linearity and repeatability were demonstrated in both static and dynamic tests despite the trapping effects caused by carbon doping, thanks to an increased buffer thickness (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${T}_{\text {BUF}}{)}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. The rise and fall times (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${t}_{\text {R}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${t}_{\text {F}}{)}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> are as short as 3.8 ± 0.22 and 3.2 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\pm ~0.13~\mu \text{s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, respectively, resulting in a large 3 dB bandwidth up to 180 kHz. In addition, the bipolar voltage sensing with high sensitivity and high linearity is also presented based on the p-GaN cap topology. The excellent performance and small footprint of the device, in addition to the low cost of the GaN-on-Si platform, render itself a promising candidate for future compact on-site DC voltage sensing applications.


The structures and energies of oxygen-deficient rutile ${\text{TiO}}_{2}$ were calculated using density-functional theory. The electronic interactions are described within the $\text{LDA}+U$ formalism, where on-site Coulomb corrections are applied on the $3d$ orbital electrons of Ti atoms $({U}^{d})$ and $2p$ orbital electrons of the O atoms $({U}^{p})$. We show that the ${U}^{d}$ parameter affects only the character of the conduction band and values higher than 7 eV produce an unphysical description of the electronic interactions. The results are dramatically improved, when correlation corrections are introduced additionally on the $\text{O}\text{ }2p$ orbitals by employing the $\text{LDA}+{U}^{d}+{U}^{p}$ approach, and we observe systematic shifts for both the valence and conduction bands. This combined approach produces a corrected energy band structure and the band-gap energy is in very good agreement with experimental data. Using this approach for the oxygen-deficient structure, in the case of a neutral oxygen vacancy we find that the electrons from the Ti nearest to the vacancy become localized and induce defect states within the band gap, in very good agreement with experiment and other theoretical calculations. Additionally, these defect states are strongly limited on the three Ti atoms surrounding oxygen vacancy. The doubly positively charged oxygen vacancy is found to be more stable than neutral oxygen vacancy in most range of Fermi level and the vacancy-formation energies show significant dependence on the deposition conditions, i.e., Ti- or O-rich environments.


The principle of the fermionic projector in the continuum gives an indication that there might be a deeper reason why elementary particles only appear with a few definite masses. In this thesis the existence of approximately state-stable configurations is shown. In order to achieve that, we make use of a variational principle for the fermionic projector in the continuum which contains certain contributions supported on the light cone. In a certain sense, these extra terms contain the structure of the underlying discrete spacetime.
 Lorentz invariant distributions and their convolutions are studied. Some of these are well-defined because the convolution integrals have compactly supported integrands. Other convolutions can be regularized such that the property of being ill-defined only plays a role on the light
cone.
 These results are used to analyze the variational principle and to give criteria for state stability, which can be numerically analyzed. Some plots are presented to allow a decision about state stability and to show how possible configurations could look like.


Integrated saturation modeling is a valuable product of the application and interpretation of available core, log, and test data. Integrated saturation models quantify uncertainty and improve estimates of OOIP and reserves. Saturation models add value for core/log analysts by: 1) focusing efforts on the most valuable applications and 2) adding new uses for previously unused or contradictory data. Two cases are presented. In case A, new interpretations of old results are allied with modern core/log interpretation to improve OOIP and recovery estimates. OOIP estimates increased by 25%. Increased OOIP reduced anomalous recovery estimates, more than 80%, to a high but reasonable value of ~65%. High recovery is due to effective gravity drainage. Integrated saturation modeling results for the mature reservoir have proven the business value for improved special core analysis (SCAL) tests. Case B illustrates saturation modeling in a heterogeneous, mixed lithology setting where different vintages of core, log, and test data are reconciled. Quantifying uncertainty in OOIP and recovery estimates from integrated saturation models was important for moving to the next phase of development. Significant uncertainties in Swi and Sorw convinced the operating unit to core additional wells and to apply more sophisticated methods to narrow the band of uncertainty. CASE A Background. Field A is mature; with two main sands, H-03 and H-04, undergoing bottom water drive augmented by injection. More than 30 wells penetrate both sands. Upon review of all data, ultimate recoveries appeared to be too high, more than 80% OOIP. Such high recovery is possible for laboratory samples but is questionable for a reservoir. Log interpretation problems were suspected because many logs were recorded decades ago using unfocused resistivity logs. Logs did not yield consistent Sw. In wells #16, #17, and #18, sands are at similar height above free water, are in the same facies, and have equivalent shale content, suggesting that they should have similar Sw. That is not the case. Log analysis gave the following average values for the H-04 sand: • Well #16 φ = 26% Swi = 40% • Well #17 φ = 28% Swi = 20% • Well #18 φ = 25% Swi = 30% In sand/shale sequences in a low-salinity environment, conventional resistivity analysis yields inconsistent Swi values that are too large. An alternative analysis was needed. Analysis Tools. A two-step core-log approach to estimating Swi was devised. Core was available over the entire H-03/04 interval from the recently drilled well #37. A modern log suite was available in well #37. The first approach uses SCAL tests to obtain measurements for Swi and mineralogy, and builds a transform to Swi from log-calculated Vshale. Vshale was chosen because: 1) it is a robust parameter based on logs available in all wells, 2) gamma ray response has better spatial resolution (~1.5 feet) than the induction resistivity logs (~5 feet or more) and 3) Vshale is a measure of clay content that is expected to correlate with Swi. We term the approach CLAWS (Core-Log Analysis for Water Saturation). The second approach uses petrophysically-based thin-bed modeling to calculate Sw in well #37. The forward modeling method uses log-based Vshale to formulate thinly-bedded sequences. Shale layers are assigned constant resistivity (Rsh=2.5 ohm-m) and Sw=1. Resistivity is calculated using Archie's formula RT = Rw φ -m Sw , with Rw=0.32 ohm-m, m=1.8 and n=1.9. All electrical parameters were determined from well #37 core analysis. The only unknown is Sw in sands. To solve for Sw, sands are populated with a series of constant Sw populations. For each constant Sw population, apparent resistivity is determined by solving the electromagnetic wave dispersion equation for the induction resistivity tool response. A first-pass Sw profile is obtained by matching calculated resistivity with the observed response at each depth. Final Sw is determined by iterative comparison of calculated and observed resistivity, using the first-pass Sw profile as input. Note that both CLAWS and thin-bed resistivity modeling are required for field calculations. In recent wells, focused induction resistivity response can be corrected using thin-bed modeling. The simpler CLAWS algorithm is applicable to all wells, including older wells (pre-1983). Resistivity modeling is not possible with older tool responses. Results. Figure 1 plots Swi vs. Vshale for plugs from the H-03/04 reservoirs. Swi was chosen to equal Sw at an oil/water capillary pressure (Pc) equal to 30 psia. Vshale is a log-derived parameter. We found the most appropriate Vshale to be the minimum of the Density and Steiber 9 Vshale parameters. Density Vshale is obtained by linear interpolation between "clean sand" and "shale" bulk density responses. Steiber Vshale is determined by quadratic interpolation between "clean sand" and "shale" baselines of the gamma ray response. Transition zone effects were not considered as the intervals of interest are high above the WOC. Linear regression of Swi vs. Vshale yields the following transform: Swi (%) = 8.9(5.9) + 0.56(0.11)*Vshale (%) R 2 = 0.83. ( 1 ) Numbers in parentheses are the standard errors for each parameter. Parameter uncertainty is not due to experimental error alone. There are real differences in mineralogy. Analysis revealed that the best facies, channel sands, contain only kaolinite, while bar sands contain similar amounts of kaolinite and illite. Shales contain 3-4 times as much kaolinite as illite. The low gamma ray response of kaolinite relative to illite places a shale baseline at an inappropriate value for different sands: channel sands yield Vshale too low and bar sands yield Vshale too high. Uncertainty in Swi at low Vshale reflects the abundance of fine particles (e.g. kaolinite and/or silt) relative to sand grains. With poorer sorting, we expect an increase in Swi and a decrease in φ. To account for the rock differences noted above, we derived a bilinear transform of Swi from Vshale and φ as: Swi (%) = 101.4(17.1) + 0.195(0.080)*Vshale 3.48(0.64)*φ R = 0.97. ( 2 ) Swi, Vshale, and φ are in %. Equation (2) yields a better fit to the available data and it follows expected trends, but it was not applied field-wide because it is based on only a few points. In Table 1, we compare log-calculated Sw to CLAWS Swi in 4 wells. For the older wells (#16#18), CLAWS Swi is more consistent as well as significantly lower than log-derived Sw. Table 1: Comparison of Logand CLAWS-derived Sw Well H-03 Sand H-04 Sand Log Swi CLAWS Swi Log Swi CLAWS Swi #16 23% 10% 40% 9% #17 34% 19% 21% 10% #18 35% 20% 30% 10% #37 15% 12% waterflooded 9% The comparison builds confidence in the transform because log-derived Sw is close to CLAWS Swi in the unswept H-03 sand of well #37, a modern well. Dashed lines in Fig. 1 indicate uncertainty associated with the Swi-Vshale transform derived from oil/water, porous plate Pc tests. Using the transform, most likely OOIP estimates increased by 25% (125 MM BBL). Parameter uncertainty indicates OOIP increases ranging from 90 to 140 MM BBL. Results from companion mercury intrusion Pc tests yield a similar Swi-Vshale transform. Mercury Pc was converted to "oil/water" Pc using simple default values for the ratio of interfacial forces (e.g., 370 dyne/cm and 30 dyne/cm). For reservoir A, mercury intrusion and oil/brine porous plate Pc tests yield similar results. Figure 2 compares CLAWS-Swi with Sw from thin-bed modeling for the H-03 sand. At the top of the H-03 sand, both Sw are close. Both are less than 10%. Deeper in the sand, log-derived Sw tends to be slightly larger than CLAWS Swi. Part of that difference may reflect uncertainty in the transform at low Vshale. Some of the difference may be due to initial stages of waterflood displacement. Figure 3 compares CLAWS Swi with Sw from thin-bed modeling for the H-04 sand in Well #37. Note that the H-04 sand is thicker and contains more thinly-bedded shales than the H-03 sand. At the time of coring, most of the H-04 had been swept by water. The WOC is located at a depth of ~9045 feet. Above the WOC, CLAWS-Swi is very close to log-derived Sw. Below the new WOC, log-derived Sw clearly show massive influx of water. Thinly bedded shalesare not continuous and appear to have only local effects on waterflood sweep. Log-derived Sw's indicate Sorw as low as ~10% in the best intervals. Archie's Law, that relates Sw to resistivity, should have minimal error in higher conductivity, water-invaded sands. There is some concern that the saturation index, n, derived from drainage tests may not be the best to use for an imbibition process. However, additional data confirms low Sorw. Using the method reported by Rathmell et al., we correct So from routine core analysis (e.g., PK&S) to yield Sorw estimates. The H-04 core easily meets all of Rathmell et al.'s criteria. The PK&S So were corrected using the oil formation volume factor (Bo=1.436 RB/STB). We do not use Rathmell et al.'s bleeding correction and do not use a compaction correction because core and log φ were almost exactly the same. Figure 3 compares corrected PK&S So with log-derived Sw. In the best sand intervals (e.g., 9050-9080 ft and 9105-9120 ft), both methods are in agreement, with Sorw in the range of 10% to 15%. For some thin sands bounded by shale, differences between log-derived So and Sorw indicate bypassed oil. Two methods show that Sorw in the best sands falls in the range of 10% -15%. Available SCAL data indicate higher Sorw. Two conventional water/oil relative permeability tests on samples from the H-04 indicate Sorw of 26% and 29%, respectively. Single-point spontaneous imbibition tests on 26 plugs (H-03) and 47 plugs (H-04) from well #9 indicate average Sorw of 24% and 23%, respectively for the H-03 and H-04 sands. Why is there a large difference in measured and observed Sorw? Laboratory tests rely solely on the balance between viscous and capillary forces to


Multiple seasonal ARIMA(auto regressive integrated moving average) model based on time series was used,the extreme short-time prediction technology of unmanned surface vehicle motion was studied based on the seakeeping test data of boat model in regular wave.ARMA(auto regressive moving average) models with trend difference and seasonal difference were adopted,Akaike information criterion and white noise inspection method were carried out,and the chosen best model was validated.Extreme short-time prediction in twenty steps was made for unmanned surface vehicle.Calculation result indicates that the maximum errors are not more than 6% in the former ten-step predictions of acceleration,heave and pitch.With the increase of prediction step,the error has enlarging trend,the maximum error reaches to 16.68% in the following ten-step prediction of acceleration.So extreme short-time prediction technology is effective.


Objectives To explore the early diagnostic value of serum Cystatin C in acute kidney injury (AKI) with the detection of critical patients.Methods The 108 patients coming from the severe case patients' rooms are divided into two groups ;24 cases are AKI,84 cases are NAKI.Cystatin C in blood serum detected by immunoturbidimetry,β2 - MG,Scr checked by enzymic method,eGFR by formula calculation are choosed to compare the difference in the two groups.Results Comparing with the NAKI,the AKI patients are significantly high in the level of Cystatin C,β2 - MG,Scr( P<0.05 ) ; Cystatin C is in positive correlation with Scr ( r =0.662,P<0.01 ) and β2 -MG (r =0.569,P<0.01 ),also with eGFR( r =0.808,P<0.01 ).The level of Cystatin C is earlier to show the abnormity and more susceptible than Scr andβ2 - MG ( P<0.05 ).Conclusions When the patients in danger proceed to AKI,the Cystatin C in blood serum will be significantly high,and Cystatin C can reflect the early renal function injury in sever patients more sensitive and more accurately than Scr,β2 - MG.So It can be one of the early diadynamic criteria in the sever patients with AKI.

Key words:
Kidney Diseases; Cysteinase Inhibitors


The historical treatise on Chinese classical chivalric novels by Dr.Song Wei is the first work of Chinese classical chivalric novels since the pre-Qin.The book breaks the previous style,conquers the limitations of the era,and completely studies the evolution course of the classical chivalric novels.Based on compiling the related literary works and historical documents,the book has studied the receptive psychology,aesthetic style,narrative theme,characters of Chinese classical chivalric novels in detail.Nevertheless,the book also has some insufficiencies.For example,further study is needed for the relationship between Chinese classical chivalric novels and other literary works,and the inheritance issue in such type of novels.


Background: Inadequacy of information and consequent exclusion from discussion and decisions about treatment are enduring complaints of users of mental health services. Aims: To investigate ongoing patient concerns about the provision of medication information on acute psychiatric wards and involve a wide range of stakeholders in the formulation of ways of improving the quality and accessibility of patient information materials. Method: Focus group study of patients, carers and health professionals. Results: Lay and professional focus groups agreed that current provision of written and verbal information was inadequate and should be improved. Patients and relatives accorded this a higher priority than most professionals. Staff were often ambivalent about patients having access to information, tending to emphasize the potentially negative consequences they anticipated this could have on compliance. The study identified features of professional hierarchy and organizational complexity that further restricted patients' access to information from staff. Conclusion: A greater professional awareness of patients' understanding and experience of their illness and concerns about treatment and an understanding of how these relate to patients' wider goals and problems of living is necessary for improving treatment information for patients and to promote a change in the professional culture required for the development of a more patient centred medical practice. Declaration of interest: KP and JG were supported by the Concordance Research Fellowship which is funded by the Department of Health as part of its policy research programme and administered by the Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain. Conflicting interests: none.


In this Economic Letter, we discuss the basic properties of hybrid New Keynesian models and examine the extent to which they successfully explain U.S. macroeconomic data.


A fuzzy-valued measure of the degree of matching of two fuzzy sets is proposed based on the Jaccard index applied to the level sets. This measure satisfies a generalization the criteria of Dubois and Prade (1982) for point-valued matching indices. A similarity index is obtained by combining the matching index with a proximity assessment. These fuzzy-valued indices provide a more comprehensive summarization of the similarity of fuzzy sets than the standard point-valued measures.


In view of the low automation degree of bamboo fixed-length truncation equipment,this paper proposes a bamboo truncation control scheme based on software motion control,and uses image processing technology to integrate and design the bamboo joint identification system,which can effectively avoid opening and cutting bamboo joints during processing.Firstly,the smoothed image is obtained by grayscale processing, filtering and denoising; secondly,vertical line features are extracted by morphological operations such as opening operation and dilation; finally,by optimizing and screening the line segments obtained by the line edge detection,it is calculated and judged whether there is a bamboo joint in the pre-truncated area.The experimental results show that the accuracy rate of bamboo joint recognition of the system can reach 90%,and the recognition efficiency is high,which can meet the needs of fixed-length production of bamboo.


The developing countries of the tropics carry a heavy burden of disease and death. This is particularly so in the younger age groups, in whom physiological demands of growth and poor resistance to infection cause them to be even more vulnerable to disease. In some of these countries about a quarter to a third of all children born die before they reach the age of 5 years. Amongst those who survive many carry the ill-effects of their childhood illnesses into adult life and thus may never enjoy good health. Thus, there is a continuous drain on the resources of the individual, the family, and the nation. The need to prevent illness in early childhood is clear; this paper sets out the broad principles on which a child-health programme can be based for a rural community. Tropical Doctor, 1971


It is perhaps curious that the very extensive literature on decidability problems about isomorphism of like-type mathematical structures, ranging as it does from the consideration of such simple entities as monoids all the way up to differentiable manifolds and beyond, seems to contain little in the way of specific treatment of those well-known and tremendously useful middle-level objects, the Lie rings and Lie algebras. Thus, having run a "Mathfile" search, we have found only [1], [2], [3], and [4] as actually or potentially useful references, in this connection. Of course, our search was inherently impaired by the incompleteness of "Mathfile"; and was probably impaired somewhat by our choice of key words. Still, it is our subjective estimate that we likely turned up 20-25% of the extant, relevant literature. (Papers such as [5], too recent to be found on Mathfile, may of course also prove useful; [5], in particular, involves both explicit effectiveness considerations and some fairly subtle uses of polynomial-structure identities.)


In the article is analyzed the system of the pedagogical concepts, among which: innovation processes in formation system, innovation pedagogical technologies in the vocational education, the innovation activity of instructor. The context of the innovation pedagogical activity of the instructor of medical Institute of Higher Education is reproduced.


Objective To investigate the treatment of
flexor tendon injuries in zone in children,and evaluate its outcome. Methods Flexor tendon
injuries in zone in 23 fingers of 21 children,which were treated from 1990 to 1997,were
retrospectively analyzed. The age of the patients ranged from 5 to 14 years old, being 12.1
years on average. For the early 10 cases (10 fingers), the tendons were repaired using
Kessler's technique or double cross suture with 1 0 silk thread. For the later 11 cases (13
fingers), the tendons were sutured by Kessler's technique with 5 0 nylon, with simultaneous
repair of the tendon sheath. Sodium hyaluronate product (SHP) was administered to the
peritendon area in cases of none acute repair. Results According to TAM standard, of the early
10 fingers, the result was excellent in 6, good in 2, and fair in 2, with an excellent or good rate
of 80 %. Of the later 13 fingers, the outcome was excellent in 8, and good in 5, with an excellent
or good rate of 100 %. The overall excellent or good rate was 91.3 %. Conclusions Satisfactory
result could be achieved after repair of flexor tendon injuries in zone in children. SHP benefited
the functional recovery of the involved fingers.


In terms of the profit distribution related to two-stage channels and threestage supply chain including manufacturers,distributors and retailers,this paper compares the effects of different distribution strategies on profits and gross profits of enterprises at supply chain nodes through game analysis in normal and interrupted supply chain,on the basis of Stackelberg's profit independent distribution model and the profit distribution model in corporate collaboration.It follows that,when enterprises at supply chain nodes collaborate,the gross profits are significantly higher than those when enterprises make independent decisions,regardless of supply chain interruption.When supply chain interruption results in a rise in demand, for manufacturers,increasing the original production depends on the comparison between m andβc_(11);when the demand shrinks,the readjustment of the original production plans and of prices depends on the comparison between m andβc_1.In the profit independent distribution strategy in supply chain interruption,the regulation of the price distribution quotient depends on the decision sequence.Enterprises at supply chain nodes could select appropriate distribution factors to distribute profits in terms of bargaining capacity.By the Shapley value and its calculation,it is shown that the collaboration of enterprises at supply chain nodes can increase profits effectively,ensuring the rationality and effectiveness of supply chain profit distribution.


The effect of norepinephrine (NE) or dopamine (DA) on the growth hormonereleasing (GRF) activity in the hypothalamus and plasma of intact or hypophysectomized rats was studied by administering the catecholamines into the lateral ventricle of the brain. Growth hormone-releasing activity was evaluated by the depletion of pituitary growth hormone produced by intracarotid injection of hypothalamic extracts or plasma. NE and DA at doses known to be effective in depleting GH from the pituitary (0.5 μg) induced in intact and hypophysectomized rats disappearance of GRF activity from the hypothalamus and its appearance in plasma from hypophysectomized but not from intact rats. Unlike adrenergic compounds, serotonin (0.5 μg) was inactive. In intact rats NE given intraventricularly induced a depletion of pituitary GH activity at doses from 0.05 to 0.0025 μg. Dopamine at a dose of 0.005 μg was inactive. These results, while pointing to a hypothalamic site of action for the GH-releasing effect of catecholamines, tend ...


The gas sensing properties of Al-doped ZnO nanoparticles (NPs), which were synthesized via a hydrothermal method, have been described for the detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as acetaldehyde, toluene, and benzene. The maximum sensing response (R = 2250) of these Al-doped ZnO NPs was observed upon exposure to 10 ppm acetaldehyde at an optimal operating temperature of 500 ◦C, which was almost 173 and 125 times higher than that observed for toluene and benzene, respectively. The highest dipole moment of acetaldehyde among the three VOCs is responsible for its highest sensietal oxide gas sensor l-doped ZnO anoparticle olatile organic compound tivity. The Al-doped ZnO NPs also show a higher selectivity toward acetaldehyde than that of different interfering gases and their response to acetaldehyde was superior compared with the previously reported responses of other materials. The enhanced sensing performance of Al-doped ZnO NPs to acetaldehyde compared to undoped ones may be explained by an increase in specific surface area, oxygen vacancies, and conductivity after Al doping. © 2018 Published by Elsevier B.V.


With an increasing requirement for network monitoring tools to classify traffic and track security threats, newer and efficient ways are needed for collecting traffic statistics and monitoring of network flows. However, traditional solutions based on random packet sampling treat all flows as equal and therefore, do not provide the flexibility required for these applications. In this paper, we propose a novel architecture called CLAMP that provides an efficient framework to implement size-based sampling. At the heart of CLAMP is a novel data structure called composite bloom filter (CBF) that consists of a set of bloom filters that work together to encapsulate various class definitions. In comparison to previous approaches that implement simple size-based sampling, our architecture requires substantially lower memory (upto 80x) and results in higher flow coverage (upto 8x more flows) under specific configurations.


OF THE DISCLOSURE, Block copolymers having low melt viscosity and im Proved processability comprise selectively hydrogenated block copolymers comprising A and B, non-elastomeric block A being Substantially non-hydrogenated homopoly mer blocks of mono alpha alkenyl arenes and elastomeric blocks B being random copolymer blocks of mono alpha alkenyl arenes and conjugated dienes wherein at least 90% of the aliphatic double bonds are hydrogenated. This application is a continuation-in-part of our co pending application Ser. No. 806,763, filed Dec. 24, 1968, Inow U.S. Pat. 3,595,942, which in turn is a continuation in-part of application Ser. No. 333,671, filed Dec. 26, 1963, now abandoned. As the copending application referred to above states, the hydrogenation of ordinary rubber such as polybutadi ene is known and is carried out primarily for the purpose of improving stability toward ozone or oxygen. In many instances, the hydrogenation of such homopolymers or ran dom copolymers with many catalysts known in the art of hydrogenation results in serious degradation of the poly mers being so treated. However, as both of the patent ap plications referred to above disclose, it was found by applicants that certain catalytic systems could be devised which were especially useful for the hydrogenation of block copolymers and, more specifically, for the selective hydrogenation thereof. The important feature of these particular hydrogenation catalysts was the finding that their use resulted in minimum degradation of block co polymers during the hydrogenation procedure. This is a more important aspect when dealing with block copoly mers then when homopolymers or random copolymers are concerned. The reason for this is that homopolymers or random copolymers attain their maximum tensile strength and other stress-strain properties through chemical cross links (vulcanization). Contrary to his, however, one of the primary features of block copolymers which set them apart from homopolymers or random copolymers is that their peculiar structure is one which results in a polymer characteristically referred to as "a thermoplastic elas tomer' and is therefore "self-vulcanizing' through phyical crosslinks. By this is meant a polymer which, above the glass transition temperatures of its typical thermoplastic block, behaves like a thermoplastic material such a poly proproylene, for example, but which below this glass transition temperature exhibits elastomeric properties characteristic of a vulcanized rubber without having ac tually been chemically vulcanized. However, if at any time during the processing, e.g., hydrogenation of such block copolymers, chain scission occurs, then the self-Vulcaniz ing properties of the product are immediately lost and cannot be recovered. This is because Scission occurs in the typical elastomeric block and this elastomers block can no O


Nanyin vocal music,mainly touched up with the pronunciation of Quanzhou dialect,consists of six pronunciations,wen(textual),bai(vernacular),fang(dialectal),guan(lanqing Mandarin),ancient(ancient pronunciation) and external(non-Han).Among them,"lanqing Mandarin" is the most distinctive.It sounds just like Mandarin but not the standard Mandarin,and the lingering charm of distinctive pronunciation and diction remains in ancient Nanyin music.The research on the unique pronunciation and the method of diction and resonance in lanqing Mandarin can not only provide the theoretical basis for Nanyin vocal music or its teaching,but also provide a practical path for its singing.


This paper describes the nonlinear dynamics of planar tensegrity bridges designed for minimal mass. The three-dimensional bridge benefits by the planar analysis in the most important manner relating to topology of material. We start with the minimal mass bridge, counting both structural mass and deck mass, and then derive the nonlinear dynamics to study dynamic behavior of the minimal mass bridge. Suggested design criteria include static and dynamic response. The minimal mass tensegrity has an optimal complexity (number of elements), and we show how the dynamic response influences the best choice of complexity, in comparison with the optimal complexity of the static design. The structures are first designed with minimal mass criteria, accounting for equilibrium and static stability conditions, and subsequently, we investigate the dynamics of such structures subject to constraints on displacements and loads perturbations. We employ an efficient approach to rigid body dynamics in matrix form, modified to include cable masses. We also show how to pass from the matrix to vector form of the dynamics. The equations of motion are derived analytically using Newtonian methods, and include damping and bar length constraints. Prestress of cables is added to tune stiffness. We show an application for artificial gravity space habitats.


A grid connected, three-phase, single-stage photovoltaic (PV) system has higher efficiency and simple power electronic converter topology compared to two-stage PV system. The control objectives such as maximum power point tracking (MPPT), synchronization with grid, current control, and harmonic reduction in output current are realized in only one-stage. This paper presents a high power, three-phase, single-stage, grid connected PV system with MPPT and reactive power injection capability into the utility grid. For current control, Park's d-q transformation technique is used by using filtered three-phase grid voltage. A modified voltage controller using feedback linearization scheme with feed forward PV current signal is proposed to regulate the DC-link voltage. Reactive power feeding into the grid is also realized. To perform several simulations, PSCAD/EMTDC software environment is used.


This paper presents an efficient G-XML data management method for mobile devices. G-XML is XML based encoding for the transport of geographic information. Mobile devices, such as PDA and mobile-phone, performance trail desktop machines, so some techniques are needed for processing G-XML data on mobile devices.In this method, XML-format spatial index file is used to improve an initial display time of G-XML data. This index file contains XML pointer of each feature in G-XML data and classifies these features by multi-dimensional data structures. From the experimental result, we can prove this method speed up about 3-7 times an initial display time of G-XML data on mobile devices.


1. A hormonal‐sympathetic reflex model for long‐term control of arterial pressure is presented. It is hypothesized that the hormonal‐sympathetic reflex regulates arterial pressure during chronic dietary salt loading by decreasing sympathetic tone. This sympathetic response is mediated by an increase in plasma vasopressin (AVP) and a decrease in plasma angiotensin (AngII).


Three‐dimensional analysis of spherical or cylindrical transducers with axially or radially polarized piezoelectric ceramics is rather difficult because it needs a large number of classical elements to take into account the correct polarization. A new type of piezoelectric finite element has been developed in the ATILA code [J. N. Decarpigny et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 78, 1499 (1985)] to obtain a good representation of the polarization. This paper describes these elements and analyzes the results (in air resonance modes, electrical characteristics, and mode shapes) obtained on some examples.


Considering the reflections of HJC Pierterse on the Afrikaner In a recent publication the theologian HJC Pieterse reflected on the spiritual and existential condition of the modern Afrikaner, and his feelings of guilt, loneliness and hopelessness. In this article it is argued, by comparing Pieterse's reflections to Afrikaans literature, that the Afrikaner has, since the beginning of the 20th century, been moving away from the soil and from his African contacts, and has become more and more European and American in his thinking. Apartheid was meant to finalise his separateness from Africa. The resistance of the modern Afrikaner to apartheid does not, however, bring a new relation to Africa. It is rather one further step closer to European thinking.


Gallium oxide is a promising semiconductor for its potential as a material in the field of power electronics. The effects of iridium impurities on undoped, Mg-doped, and Ca-doped gallium oxides were investigated with IR spectroscopy. In undoped and Ca-doped β-Ga2O3, IR peaks at 3313, 3450, and 3500 cm−1 are tentatively assigned to O–H bond-stretching modes of IrH complexes. Mg-, Ca-, and Fe-doped samples show an Ir4+ electronic transition feature at 5148 cm−1. By measuring the strength of this feature vs photoexcitation, the Ir3+/4+ donor level was determined to lie 2.2–2.3 eV below the conduction band minimum. Ga2O3:Mg also has a range of sidebands between 5100 and 5200 cm−1, attributed to IrMg pairs. Polarized IR measurements show that the 5248 cm−1 peak is anisotropic, weakest for light polarized along the c axis, consistent with Lenyk et al. [J. Appl. Phys. 125, 045703 (2019)].


Antioxidants such as bisphenol A (BPA) have long been recommended for retention of physical properties on oven-aging of PVC plasticized with certain plasticizers. We have shown how BPA inhibits oxidative fragmentation of plasticizers such as diisodecyl adipate (DIDA) and thus decreases apparent volatility, and how it improves retention of modulus, elongation, and low temperature flexibility. Low concentrations are more beneficial than either zero or high concentrations, especially on longer aging. At higher concentrations, although the plasticizer is retained in the PVC, it becomes less efficient at low temperature, and low-temperature flex is impaired while elongation is preserved. DIDA exudes during oven-aging unless oxidation occurs to prevent it. When BPA is present, exudation is worst at the most efficient concentrations of antioxidant. This appears to be the normal incompatibility of DIDA at 105°C which is permitted by the antioxidant. On oxidation, the dielectric constant of DIDA rises into the 4–8 range, signifying compatibility with PVC, and the DIDA does not exude.


Objective To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of serum human epididymis protein 4(HE4) and carbohydrate antigen(CA125) in ovarian cancer. Methods One hundred and seventy five patients with pelvic mass(104 with ovarian cancer and 71 with gynecological benign disease) in our hospital were prospectively enrolled in this study.The serum HE4 concentration was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The diagnostic performance of HE4 and CA125 was estimated by receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve analysis.The association between HE4 and ovarian cancer was evaluated by multivariable logistic regression model. Results The area under curve(AUC) of HE4 was higher than that of CA125,both for pre-and post-menopausal patients.After CA125 correction,serum HE4168.5 pmol/L was associated with ovarian cancer with the odds ration of 24.54(P0.01). Conclusion HE4 has superior diagnostic value to CA125 and the combined utilization of CA125 and HE4 can improve the diagnostic accuracy.


The N-hydroxyquinoline-2-carboxamide molecule has a nearly planar structure [maximum deviation = 0.062 (1) Å] and only the hydroxy H atom deviates from the molecule plane.


Introduction This study is about the clinical uses of three antidepressants( escitalopram, desvenlafaxine, vortioxetine) in the treatment of anxioun depression. Objectives The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of escitalopram, desvenlafaxine, vortioxetine, and aripiprazole augmentation with escitalopram in the acute treatment of anxious depression. Methods Patients (n=189) with DSM5 major depression and high levels of anxiety were evenly randomized to escitalopram, desvenlafaxine, vortioxetine, and aripiprazole augmentation with escitalopram in a six-week, randomized, rater-blinded, head to head comparative trial. Changes in overall depressive and anxiety symptoms were assessed. Results Patients demonstrated similar baseline-to-endpoint improvement in HAMD and HAMA total scores. Patients also demonstrated similar response rate and remission rate in HAMD and HAMA. In analysis of individual HAMD and HAMA items, desvenlafaxine had greatly reduced scores for anxiety somatic (p=0.013), hypochondriasis (p=0.014), cardiovascular symptoms (p=0.005), respiratory symptoms (p=0.013) compared to escitalopram or vortioxetine. Each treatment were well tolerated with no significant differences. Conclusions These results showed no significant differences in efficacy and tolerability of escitalopram, desvenlafaxine, vortioxetine, and aripiprazole augmentation with escitalopram in this subtype of patients with anxious depression during the acute phase treatment. Disclosure No significant relationships.


The project described in this report was conducted by personnel from Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Grand Junction Office (ORNL/GJ). The purpose was to refine information regarding groundwater contamination emanating from the Atlas Corporation's former uranium mill in Moab, Utah.


Small object detection presents a significant challenge in computer vision and object detection. The performance of small object detectors is often compromised by a lack of pixels and less significant features. This issue stems from information misalignment caused by variations in feature scale and information loss during feature processing. In response to this challenge, this paper proposes a novel the Multi to Single Module (M2S), which enhances a specific layer through improving feature extraction and refining features. Specifically, M2S includes the proposed Cross-scale Aggregation Module (CAM) and explored Dual Relationship Module (DRM) to improve information extraction capabilities and feature refinement effects. Moreover, this paper enhances the accuracy of small object detection by utilizing M2S to generate an additional detection head. The effectiveness of the proposed method is evaluated on two datasets, VisDrone2021-DET and SeaDronesSeeV2. The experimental results demonstrate its improved performance compared with existing methods. Compared to the baseline model (YOLOv5s), M2S improves the accuracy by about 1.1\% on the VisDrone2021-DET testing dataset and 15.68\% on the SeaDronesSeeV2 validation set.


The connotation of healthy oil-tea(Camellia oleifera)forests was discussed based on the forest ecosystem health appraisal theory.A index system for the assessment of the health of oil-tea forests was established following the principles of scientific attribute,system integrity,feasibility,easy maneuverability. Indices were weighed by AHP method,and divided into three catalogues;strong,medium and weak.It was found that social and economic indicator exhibited the strongest influence among the first-level indicators,accounting for 63.70%.The oil output,seed quantity,and input-output ratio demonstrated the strongest influences among the third level indicators,accounting for 0.229 2,0.117 7 and 0.164 2 respectively, followed by management measure(0.104 8),accounting for 61.59%in the total sum.The weighted values of other 21 indicators were less than 0.1 in the third level indicators,belonging to weak factors.


So many pieces of news come to us from the mainland of China. Some shake us to the bottom of our souls; others reduce us to tears. A report in Zhongguo shibao (China Times) tells us that a certain television program, of intellectual content, River Elegy, has been suppressed and banned by the Politburo of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. Also, Mr. Hu Qili has ordered that there must not be any discussion of the matter in any of the newspapers throughout the country. Mr. Wang Zhen, a Vice Chairman of the People's Republic, has openly criticized and attacked the two scholars responsible for writing the script of the program, Mr. Su Xiaokang and Mr. Wang Luxiang, calling them "even more Bo Yang than Bo Yang himself." Since the time, early on near the founding of the republic, when the Chinese Communists had attacked Mr. Hu Shi, for forty years they have never attacked any cultural figure who is beyond the reach of their power; why then, at this moment, when it appears that the Chinese Com...


Complications affecting the nervous system following treatment by gold salts are very uncommon. I can find no reference to their occurrence in the British or American literature, with the exception of a warning by Findlay' and Copeman2 that neuritis may occur, but no further details are given. Hartfall and Garland,3 I in a recent analysis of 400 cases treated by gold salts, have found various complications in 37 per cent. of their cases, but none affecting the nervous system. French authors, however, have reported a few such cases. Nervous complications can occur soon after the first injection of the salt, or more commonly near the end of the first or even of subsequent courses. They are often preceded by other signs of susceptibility, especially of the skin, such as erythematous rashes, or even, though rarely, exfoliative dermatitis.


studies have used, we find that exchange rate uncertainty has a significant impact on imports and exports of Germany and of the United States. In addition, we argue that the estimated effects are likely to understate the impact of exchange rate uncertainty on trade. In this article, we first discuss the problem of defining exchange rate uncertainty and its relationship to observed variability of exchange rates. We then outline the various direct and indirect ways through which uncertainty might affect the volume of trade. Finally, we review our empirical results, and attempt to quantify the total impact that exchange rate uncertainty has had on German and U.S. trade in recent years.2


A CMOS image sensor with an integrated wire grid polarizer to sense the polarization of light is presented. The chip consists of an array of 128 by 128 pixels, and it has been designed and fabricated in a CMOS 180nm process. The sensed polarization information is represented and analyzed in both the analog and the digital domain. Extinction ratios of 6.3 and 7.7 were achieved in analog representation. I. SENSOR DESCRIPTION The three basic characteristics of light are intensity, color and polarization. The polarization can be detected using either with external polarization filters or with micropolarizers directly integrated on top of the photodetector. Micropolarizers can be made from organic materials [1] or using a metallic wire grid [2], [3]. The metallic wire grid micropolarizer can be made using the metal layers available with the standard CMOS technology. Our polarization sensing sensor has an embedded linear wire grid polarizer in each pixel. The linear wire grid polarizer was implemented using thin metal strips with a wire grid pitch of 480nm, as shown in figure 1. Figure 1: Wire grid Polarizer Figure 2 shows the sensor die photograph along with the implemented polarization regions. The array of 128 by 128 pixels was split into three regions: 1) a 64x128 array without a metal grid used for normal imaging applications, 2) a 64x64 array (sense region 1) consisting of 2 by 2 pixel arrays where two pixels (A and B) measure the intensity while the other two measure the 0o (D), and 90o (C) degree polarized intensity respectively and 3) a 64x64 array (sense region 2) consisting of 2 by 2 pixel arrays where one pixel records the intensity of the light (A) while the other 3 record the 0o (B), 45o (C) and 90o (D) polarized intensity. Each pixel contains a pinned photodiode, an analog comparator, two banks of analog memories and two SRAMs. The image sensor provides both analog and digital readout of each pixel. Figure 2: Sensor Regions with different Polarizing angles. AN ANALOG AND DIGITAL REPRESENTATION OF POLARIZATION USING CMOS IMAGE SENSOR Mukul Sarkar , David San Segundo Bello, Chris van Hoof, Albert Theuwissen 3 imec, Delft University of Technology, Harvest Imaging firstname.lastname@example.com The analog readout consists of a column level double differential sampling circuit (DDS), an output amplifier, a buffer and the column shift registers. The digital readout circuit consists of a 7-bit counter which counts the number of active high pixels row wise during the column progressive scan readout, and a column shift register.


An international change in disability policy and practice, often referred to as 'personalisation', has influenced how paid support is being delivered to people with disabilities. Personalisation is aimed at placing people with disabilities at the centre of decision-making about their lives to promote selfdetermination and independence in terms of how and where they want to live (Beresford, 2008; Fawcett & Plath, 2014). One of the support models consistent with this thinking is the personal budget model. A personal budget usually consists of a certain amount of money that is allocated to a person with disability based on an assessment of their needs. One of the intentions of this model is to empower the service user by enabling choice about how their money is spent and how the support is delivered. One type of support that can be purchased to help the person achieve this kind of independence is support work.


S. J. Thomalla, H. N. Waldron, M. I. Lucas, J. F. Read, I. J. Ansorge, and E. Pakhomov Department of Oceanography, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa Centre for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Centre for High Performance Computing (CHPC), Rosebank, Cape Town, 7000, Cape Town, South Africa Department of Zoology, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa National Oceanographic Centre (NOC), Southampton, SO143ZH, UK


In this paper, we introduce a new technology to extract the unique features from an iris image, which uses scale-space filtering. Resulting iris code can be used to develop a system for rapid and automatic identification of persons, with high reliability and confidence levels. First, an iris part is separated from the whole image. Then the radius and center of the iris are obtained. Once the regions that have a high possibility of being noise are discriminated, the features presented in the highly detailed pattern is then extracted from the iris image. Scale-space filtering technique is applied for feature extraction.


As a supplement to The Complete Poems of the Song Dynasty(CPSD),this paper edits 51 musical passage poems(MPP) from relevant collected works,including 50 poems of DA-SHENG-FU and 1 poems of Lou Yue.Moreover,the authorship unknown of 93 MPP has been discovered and their works have been emended from The CPSD,which would be helpful to the perfection of The CPSD.


The main challenges for education of disabled learners are identifying and serving these learners in India and raising the quality of education for them. While inclusion of children with disabilities into mainstream education has been challenging due to various policy constraints and gaps in implementation, the paper discusses how National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS), India has designed various educational programmes to achieve the three important principles of education policy viz., access, equity and quality. Apart from it's in-built flexibilities offered by NIOS, wherein learners are provided with due flexibilities and opportunities to learn at their own pace and place to every group of learners through use of Media and ICT support both in academic and evaluation system, NIOS has also developed mechanism of providing learning material in Indian Sign Language at secondary level(10th class) and orienting parents and learners through Indian Sign language dictionary. The paper also raises the debate of importance of advocacy and collaboration with various deaf enabled organisation to promote the education of deaf and hard-of-hearing learners in the country.


In Hein v. Freedom from Religion Foundation, Inc., the Supreme Court denied jurisdiction on the ground that the plaintiffs, as taxpayers, lacked standing to attack the constitutionality of alleged efforts to secure preferential federal funding for religious charitable organizations. In doing so, the Court split three ways on the proper scope and application of Flast v. Cohen, a Warren Court decision which allows taxpayer suits to challenge governmental spending allegedly in violation of the First Amendment's Establishment Clause. While the Court did not overrule Flast, its decision casts substantial doubt over Flast's future. This article explores the implications of Hein, both as a standing decision and as a harbinger of future Establishment Clause developments. After evaluating the theoretical limitations of existing standing jurisprudence, the article turns to reciprocity theory as a medium for explaining Flast's deviation from Frothingham v. Mellon's general rule against taxpayer standing. The article demonstrates that Flast is based upon the constitutionally non-reciprocal character of spending in aid of religion. It further demonstrates that Hein's departure from Flast redefines the concept of constitutional injury in establishment cases, both by treating faith-based funding as reciprocal and thus indistinguishable from other sorts of spending, and by denying the existence of intangible or psychic injury when religious preference in the implementation of such funding allegedly occurs. As a consequence, Hein signals a major shift in Supreme Court thinking about the substantive scope of the Establishment Clause.


It remains undetermined whether online education videos for Japanese patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are easy to understand and allow adoption of behavioural changes. This study quantitatively assessed the understandability and applicability of online education videos for patients with CKD.


This paper focuses on predicting downlink (DL) traffic volume in mobile networks while minimizing overprovisioning and meeting a given service-level agreement (SLA) violation rate. We present a multivariate, multi-step, and SLA-driven approach that incorporates 20 different radio access network (RAN) features, a custom feature set based on peak traffic hours, and handover-based clustering to leverage the spatiotemporal effects. In addition, we propose a custom loss function that ensures the SLA violation rate constraint is satisfied while minimizing overprovisioning. We also perform multi-step prediction up to 24 steps ahead and evaluate performance under both single-step and multi-step prediction conditions. Our study makes several contributions, including the analysis of RAN features, the custom feature set design, a custom loss function, and a parametric method to satisfy SLA constraints.


For the Heathens hitherto had nothing to direct them, but common Notions imprinted in their Hearts. Afterwards a certain Sect of Men sprang up, who persuaded them to entertain Rites and Ceremonies. Herbert of Cherbury, The Antient Religion of the Gentiles , pp. ii f LORD HERBERT, DEISM AND RELIGIOUS FUNDAMENTALS Like so many seventeenth-century figures, Edward, the first Lord Herbert of Cherbury was a man of contrasts. He has been described variously as 'a blasphemous Atheist' (Thomas Halyburton), 'England's treasure' (Gassendi), 'the commander and Oracle of his time' (Charles Blount), 'Plato and Don Quixote' (Walpole), 'Bodalil-Kant' (Leslie Stephen). Part of the paradox of Herbert is to do with his quixotic character, exemplified most conspicuously in the autobiography; part is due to his uncertain place in the history of thought. From those early commentators of deism – Thomas Halyburton and John Leland – comes the standard interpretation of Herbert as the father of deism. In his rather intemperate critique of the deist phenomenon, Halyburton labels Herbert 'the great Patron of Deism', claiming that Herbert first brought a recognisable form to the movement. John Leland's more balanced assessment – A View of the Principal Deistical Writers (1745) – gives Herbert a far more sympathetic hearing, but still concludes that he was 'the first remarkable Deist in order of time'. Despite these judgements, Charles Leslie, writing earlier than either Halyburton or Leland, identified Charles Blount as the leader of the movement.


: Education has always been important in the development of a nation. And it plays a vital role in the development of human race and nation. So education is a third eye to the every human-being both man and woman. The development of human, culture, social, economic and political, depends on education. Girl's education is like sowing the seed which gives rise to green, cheerful and full grown family plant. Today's girl child will be the mother of tomorrow. As a mother she can give her child a sound nursing and capable upbringing. A woman has the maximum impact on the social, economic decisions making in the family generally. At micro level, educated woman help in making the whole family including the older family members, understand the values and importance of education, and at macro level, educated women add to the social and economic development of the nation. The Objective of this study is to find out whether women teachers differ in their attitude towards the problems of girls' education. The respondents comprised of 200 women teachers of Kalaburagi district. The questionnaire was prepared in the light of the suggestions given by the respondents. The Results revealed that the type of management has no influence on attitude of women teachers towards the problem of girl's education. The type of academic qualification of the teachers has no influence on their attitude towards the problem of girls' education and the teaching experience of the school teachers has influence on their attitude towards the problems of girl's education.


Real-time monitoring system about surface and deep displacement of landslide is the relative displacement measurement instrument. On the basis of field investigation,the geologic environment and characters of Shengli landslide are studied in detail in this paper. Geologic origin and the environment origin are examined. The geological structure type( sand + clay + sandy mudstone) is the crucial factor. Continuing excavation,exploding and applied loading are the influencing factors. The high intense and large rainfall is the triggering factor. By analyzing surface and deep displacement monitoring data,the rate of surface displacement is 1mm·d- 1three months before the rainstorm,at the stage of uniform creep stage. It appears traction landslide characteristics. At the same time, the deep displacement remains unchanged. After the rainstorm,both surface and deep displacements increase suddenly. Three deep displacement monitoring points with different depths effectively capture the approximate locations of the slip surface and dislocation distance,which can provide reference for determining the depth of deep displacement monitoring.


This guide will outline the various ebooks that HSE staff have access to and where to access them. The ClinicalKey ebooks package is directed mainly at doctors. It features 1000+ acclaimed textbooks covering 40 medical specialties, including Gray's Anatomy for Students,Principles and Practice of Surgery and Medical Physiology


Environmental protection design concept was introduced in this article to design a controllable atmosphere multipurpose precision electrothermal furnace's design development.The good temperature uniformity,temperaturecontrol precision and work security were obtained by optimizing the structures and heating system of the furnace.The controllable work atmosphere especially is suited to the material which is heat-sensitive and easy to decompose when oxidized,and also is suit to fast highly effective processing of the complex ingredient,It obtains the application in the profession production.


In the present study, magnetic iron-zirconium co-oxide microspheres were successfully synthesized by the emulsion and coprecipitation method in a single step. To obtain the ultimate material that possesses high zirconia content and suitable magnetic response, the ratios of the reactants were investigated systematically. The corresponding microspheres were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), powder X-ray diffraction, (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and nitrogen adsorption/desorption measurements. The magnetic property of the particles was studied by a magnetic balance. The results demonstrated that the optimum ratio of zirconium precursor (zirconyl chloride) to iron precursor (ferric trichloride) was 3.0:5.0 g, in which microspheres with diameter of 2–5 µm, high surface area up to 62 m2/g, and suitable magnetic property were obtained. The magnetic iron-zirconium co-oxide microspheres are promising in various applications, including catalysis, bioseparation, drug carrier, etc.


Although numerous studies have been made on the role of plant type in determining the composition of the microbial populations of rhizo@heres (studies reviewed by K a t z n e 1 s 0 rt, L 0 c h h e a d, and T i m o n i n a; S t a r k e y 10; K r a s s i l i n k o v 4), there are, as yet, only a few comparable studies with respect to microbial populations on root suf/aces. The composition of root-surface mycofloras has received increasing attention since the development ( H a r l e y and W a i d "2) of a critical method for the study of such populations. Since then some work has been done on the effect of plant type on fungi colonizing living roots ( P e t e r s o n 7 s 9; P a r k i n s o n , T a y l o r , and P e a r s o n 6). This work has apparently fallen into two categories, firstly those studies in which the root surfaee mycofloras of unrelated genera have been compared (e.g. P e t e r s 0 n v 9 has dealt with wheat, barley, red clover, soybean, and Ilax, whilst P a r k i n s o n , T a y l o r and Pea r so r t 6 dealt with dwarf bean, barley, and cabbage); secondly, those studies where two varieties of the same species have been compared with respect to their rootsurface mycofloras (e.g. P e t e r s o n s considered two wheat varieties rar. Saunders and rar. Selkirk). T i m o n i n and Thextor~ 12 studied fungi in the rhizospheres and on root surIaces of two species of Allium (A. c@a and A. sativum), but it is doubtIul whether, in view of the subsequent observations of H a r l e y artd W a i d 2 and C la rke and P a r k i n s o n 1, tee


Architecture, Engineering and Construction projects involve a number of individuals and organizations with different roles and responsibilities. In a new project, participants may initially not know each other; however, to be effective, those with a common interest must be able to easily find each other to share their knowledge about the project. Another requirement for effectively managing a project is the ability to easily add new knowledge to the project knowledge base. The current format for representing, accessing, and sharing project data cannot take advantage of the full potential of the Internet. The Internet allows producing distributed information that can be easily combined and shared. It is also a powerful medium for communication among individuals with a common interest who may not know each other. This paper presents a project social networking website that facilitates professional interactions among a project's participants and provides a dynamic project knowledge base that would allow combining knowledge created during various phases of a project lifecycle. The participants in a new project may join the project website using OpenID. The project website uses a Semantics-based approach to information modeling that allows project website members to add new knowledge to the project knowledge base and perform graph query on project data. The project website members can tag any piece of information in the project knowledge base to their social interactions.


Objective To study the effects of 3-n-butylphthalide(NBP) on motor function and learning and memory ability in rats with diffuse brain injury(DBI).Methods 128 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham operation group,traumatic group,lowdose NBP treatment group and high-dose NBP treatment group with 32 rats in each group.Every group was divided into 24 h,48 h and 72 h subgroups.DBI rat model was established according to the description of Marmarou's diffused brain injury.The histopathologic changes of cerebral tissue(0.2 cm bilateralis coronal line) were observed by light and electron microscope at 24 h,48 h and 72 h after injury.Morris water maze and rolling test were performed daily at 24,48 and 72 h(time points).Results Compared with the model group,the damage of brain tissue decreased,and the survival nerve cells increased(P0.01).The behavioral tests showed that the latency to find the platform shortened(P0.01) and the frequency of crossing the platform increased in the 72 h subgroup(P0.01).The general movement ability enhanced in NBP groups(P0.05).All the indexes were more significant in high-dose NBP treatment group.Conclusion NBP can improve neurological function and learning and memory function after brain injury and the molecular mechanisms is related to the decrease of the nerve cells lose and traumatic cerebral ultrastructure damage.


The study examines the impact of climate change in recent years on apple shift to higher altitude in Himachal Pradesh based on climate information and farmers perceptions. It is evident that temperature in apple growing regions of Himachal Pradesh showed increasing trends whereas precipitation showed decreasing trends in the regions. The chill units calculated showed decreasing trends of chill units upto 2400 msl from Bajaura in Kullu at 1221 msl to Sarbo in Kinnaur at 2400msl. The Dhundi station situated at 2700 msl showed increasing trend of chill unit at the rate of 25.0 CUs per year. The increasing trends of chill unit at 2700 msl suggested that area is becoming suitable for apple cultivation in higher altitude. These findings have also been supported by the farmers' perceptions which clearly reflected that apple cultivation is expanding to higher altitude in Lahaul & Spitti. The average landuse per farm in Lahual and Spitti showed more than two percent shift towards apple cultivation but it showed reverse trend in other apple growing regions. The income of the farmers increased more than 10 percent in Lahual & Spitti whereas it showed a decrease of more than 27 percent in Kullu and Shimla districts from fruits in recent decade compared to 1995. The secondary data on area under apple cultivation also compounded statement that apple cultivation is expanding in Lahaul & Spitti in recent decade. The climate change has demonstrated its impact of decreasing productivity of apple crop in recent years.


. Dryland salinity in the Mt Lofty Ranges, South Australia has developed as a result of native vegetation being replaced with pastures that use less water. Groundwaters have risen and mobilized ions (sodium, chloride, sulphate and iron) stored within deeply weathered micaceous sandstones and schists. Salinity resulting from sodium chloride is common in agricultural catchments around Australia, but saline sulphidic soils (with sulphate and iron) have only been studied in South Australia. Salinity is also associated with waterlogging and secondary sodicity. The amelioration of dryland salinity and waterlogging involves management of whole catchments, not just the area that is currently saline. It is imperative that all processes operating in saline catchments and their interactions are clearly understood.

Salinity, waterlogging, sodicity, sulphidization and water erosion were studied in four saline sub-catchments in the Mt Lofty Ranges. Grey (bleached) and yellow mottles (iron depletions) or black and red stains (iron concentrations) develop under certain conditions of water saturation, salinization, sulphidization, sodification and water erosion in surface and subsurface horizons. The amounts of these diagnostic features were used to develop a farm planning key for managing saline catchments in the Mt Lofty Ranges. Using soil diagnostic features, soil-water processes in saline catchments are easily identified by farmers and land managers. Management options (e.g. fencing, tree planting and drainage) are then targeted to specific soils and can be easily incorporated by agricultural advisers into farm management plans. We recommend that soil diagnostic features which help predict the onset of land degradation be used in the production of land capability maps for farm planning purposes.


The problems needing to be considered in construction of nonlinear editing network with high efficiency and practicability in middle and small television stations are analyzed. According to the practical situations, the selecting requirements are described. Finally, the implementation of the nonlinear editing network system is introduced.


Equations are given describing the propagation of a magneto-hydrodynamic wave. of a given frequency, in the axial direction in a conducting, incompressible, viscous fluid mass which-is contained in an infinite circular cylindrical tubs and placed in a uniform magnetic field along the axis of the tube. (J.S.R.)


This paper presents a grammar-based Turkish interactive voice response(IVR) system used for call centers. In this work, a sample IVR of a telecommunication company call center is realized.


In the process of cutting,shear angle is one of the important parameters.It is used in almost all kinds of calculation about cutting.So,it will be significant to prediction the shear angle quickly and exactly.The shear angle is usually calculated with the formulation of shear angle.But there is a larger error between the result of calculation and that of cutting fact.A new prediction method of shear angle by using the finite element software Ansys was presented.This method can take consider the influence of workpiece material on shear angle during cutting.So it has higher precision and can be used easily.


The paper carries out an experimental and numerical analysis of hook-end steel fiber reinforced concrete. The experimental tests are performed on notched beams loaded in 3-point bending using fiber volume fractions up to 1.5 %. The numerical analysis of fiber reinforced concrete beams is performed at meso scale. The concrete is discretized with 3D solid finite elements and a microplane model is used as a constitutive law. The fibers are modelled by randomly generated 1D truss finite elements and the interface * Faculty of Civil Engineering of University of Rijeka, Radmile Matejčić 3, Rijeka, Croatia E-mail: email@example.com ** Faculty of Civil Engineering of University of Rijeka, Radmile Matejčić 3, Rijeka, Croatia E-mail: drugi. firstname.lastname@example.com 198 GF • ZBORNIK RADOVA between concrete and fibers is simulated by employing discrete bond-slip relationship. The analysis realistically replicates experimental results. In all investigated cases failure is due to the pull-out of fibers. It is shown that with increase of volume content of fibers the effective bond strength and slip capacity of fibers decreases.


A class of smart paint sensors is proposed for monitoring the structural vibration of beams. The sensor is manufactured from an epoxy resin which is mixed with carbon black nano-particles to make it electrically conducting and sensitive to mechanical vibrations. A comprehensive theoretical and experimental investigation is presented to understand the underlying phenomena governing the operation of this class of paint sensors and evaluate its performance characteristics. A theoretical model is presented to model the electromechanical behavior of the sensor system using molecular theory. The model is integrated with an amplifier circuit in order to predict the current and voltage developed by the paint sensor when subjected to loading. Furthermore, the sensor/amplifier circuit models are coupled with a finite element model of a base beam to which the sensor is bonded. The resulting multi-field model is utilized to predict the behavior of both the sensor and the beam when subjected to a wide variety of vibration excitations. The predictions of the multi-field finite element model are validated experimentally and the behavior of the sensor is evaluated both in the time and the frequency domains. The performance of the sensor is compared with the performance of conventional strain gages to emphasize its potential and merits. The presented techniques are currently being extended to sensors that can monitor the vibration and structural power flow of two-dimensional structures.


Now a day energy is a fundamental need of everyone and saving of energy is main aim of an engineer. So more practical emphasis work should be carried out on main two approaches, to save the energy and keep the environment clean and human comfort is also a fundamental need in the present scenario. In this research work we are dealing with change in load due to the different orientation of a multistory building at same latitude of the location. For our analysis purpose we are considering Mechanical Department building of MGITER (latitude- 20.9079oN) which is situated at Navsari in Gujarat as a case study. From this research work we have concluded that the building at 0o is the optimal condition as per the orientation which saves about 3-4% economically from the other orientation


A uniform deposition of a Sn–Zn alloy deposit was achieved by pulse plating. Apparently, the relative composition of Sn and Zn in the deposit was affected by the bath compositions and pulse condition. A pulse-plating condition of 99.9 ms on-time and 1.0 ms off-time gave rise to a eutectic Sn–Zn deposit, with a eutectic temperature of 198.8 °C (as analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry) and a uniform composition distribution across the deposit. A mechanism for explaining the pulse-deposition behavior of the Sn–Zn eutectic deposit was proposed. A longer off-time period, 99.9 ms versus 0.1 ms, resulted in a nodular, yet thinner deposit.


For classic philosophy the world is geocentred and anthropocentred. In this view, place is a concrete particularity for an abstract space. But what would happen if the multiplicity of worlds exist? If simultaneous worlds move all around us? This hypothesis necessarily changes the place of place...


The increase in software complexity and hardware costs forces robot soccer teams to collaborate. Instead of focusing on a specific architecture, we propose a set of common ROS messages as interface definitions to encourage software exchange. Furthermore, we implemented fundamental utility packages for collaborative play in mixed teams.


circulation are manifold. Replacement of stenosed and incompetent cardiac valves with prosthetic counterparts, the correction of congenital cardiac defects, the successful implantation of internal mammary and other arteries in cases of cardiac ischemia resulting from a coronary occlusion are today routine procedures in all cardiac units. The use of pacemakers has prolonged many lives in cases of auriculoventricular block caused by interference with conduction along the bundle of His. Despite the many triumphs of cardiac surgery, the problem of the inadequate or irreversibly damaged myocardium remains largely unsolved,1, 2 The myocardium may only require temporary assistance in order to allow time for the natural restoration of tissues and function. It is, however, the case of progressive heart failure in which the myocardium is irreparably impaired, that is our most urgent and pressing concern. Replacement with a normal heart or some form of permanent assistance to the damaged heart become the only treatments of choice.


At present,high-precision signals has widely used in well logging fields.But the traditional signals have too much reliance on hardware,also it has many shortcomings,for instance,the external circuit is too complicated,the debugging process is full of trouble,it's easy to affected by wicked environments and not easy to revise or upgrade.Based on the above considerations,we have used FPGA to design the sinusoidal signals.After design and testing,the output waveform has reached the technical requirements,also the whole system was very simple,flexible,reliability,and of strong scalability,what's more,it's easy to change compared with the traditional design methods.


Since years we utilize UV absorbers and phenolic antioxidants to protect sensitive ingredients, like colors, natural compounds and fragrances, from the detrimental effects of light and oxygen. The use of clear packaging and the trend towards more »green«, and more complex, products renders the task of stabilization increasingly difficult. Even though many advances have been made with today's traditional technologies of broadband UV absorbers and phenolic antioxidants, they are sometimes not sufficient to stabilize the ever increasing complexity of formulations and fragrances. This article describes stabilization technologies beyond traditional UV absorbers and phenolic compounds and will cover technologies like excited state quenching, non-phenolic radical scavengers and secondary antioxidants. Their properties and mechanisms are explained in detail and related to the more traditional technologies. Application examples and comparisons provide guidance as to how to use these technologies efficiently, allowing formulators to develop highly stable and cost effective formulations. To successfully cope with stability issues of modern formulations and fragrances, it is highly valuable for formulators to understand the newest technologies available for product stabilization, to know their properties, and to be aware of potential synergies. This paper will guide the reader through these aspects.


METHODS study included three spherical cores manufactured from 1.) sugar/starch (sugar spheres), 2.) microcrystalline cellulose (MCC spheres) and 3.) starch/maltodextrin (starch spheres). API (acetaminophen (APAP)) was dry powder layered onto the cores at 1%, 2%, 5%, 20% and 40% (by weight basis) using a Granurex GXR-95 conical rotaryuid bed insert (Freund-Vector Corporation). The API was applied to 50 kg of 20/25 mesh cores using a KT-35 loss-in-weight powder feeder (K-Tron) equipped with ActiFlow vibratory agitation. An aqueous binding solution of 5% PVP (BASF K-30) was applied at 100 g/minute with the API applied at 200 g/minute. The 40% powder layered cores were enteric coated with a 25% coating of Eudragit L30D (Evonik). Dissolution was tested by UV absorbance on all uncoated and enteric coated cores using a Distek Evolution 6100 USP35 Apparatus 1 at 100 rpm and 37°C (n=6) per USP procedure. A 1.0 g sample was tested for spheres layered with 1% and 2% API, a 0.5 g sample for 5% API and a 0.15 g sample for 20% and 40% API. Content uniformity was determined for each core type by UV absorbance (n=3). RESULTS All three core types processed well; however, the sugar/starch spheres showed a higher degree of agglomeration than the other two spheres and the agglomeration occurred earlier in the process than with the other spheres. The microcrystalline cellulose cores took longer to dry than the other two types of spheres. The starch/maltodextrin spheres ran the cleanest in the equipment. All three cores resulted in acceptablenished product. All uncoated core samples released 100% of the API within 2 minutes. The API release rate of all enteric coated spheres in 0.1 N HCl was less than 2.5% within 2 hours and was greater than 90% within 10 minutes in 6.8 pH phosphate buer solution (PBS). Content uniformity results were good for all samples tested.


In its historical development, Princeton University gradually established "small but excellent " school-running philosophy, it has formed unique characteristics of schooling with adopting many measures. According to its experience, in the course of establishing, we must realize whether our universities have their characteristics not lie in their sizes and complete subjects, but in the accurate orientation, sticking to the fine tradition and establishing relevant system and implementing.


In the computation of multi-variable nonlinear functions in electric engineering,it is usually very difficult to find the theoretical solution and the meaningful corresponding digital solution.Therefore,a 5-D data field visualization method was developed to create a function of space color field f(x,y,z,t),where the 4th variable ω is mapped to time t.Consequently,more completed visual information of f(x,y,z,ω) can be available in the restored color field.The 5-D method was used in the multi-object and multi-constraint optimum design of asymmetric T-type passive filters.Design results showed that,regarding the global optimum solution of 4-variable nonlinear equation and the robust analysis of corresponding digital solution,the 5-D visual method can reflect the relation between the function and the variables,and provide designers with direct decision-making information.


Fistula in ano can have varied presentation. Management of these patients can sometimes be too demanding even for experienced colorectal surgeons. We report an atypical presentation of fistula in ano as a gluteal swelling and progressively increasing pain without any perianal symptoms. MRI investigation clarified the diagnosis and directed the management of this patient.


This paper describes a novel polymerization reaction which consists of a sequence of hydroboration of a diolefin with 9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane (9-BBN) followed by the intermolecular cross-coupling of the resulting 1,1′-bis(B-alkanediyl-9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonanes with dihaloarenes. The reaction is performed in the presence of dichloro[1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene] palladium (II) [PdCl2 (dppf)], a base, and a phase transfer catalyst. Both steps are performed in the same reaction flask. Alternatively, this polymerization reaction can be applied to bifunctional monomers containing an olefin and a haloarene group, for example, p-bromostyrene.


This article gives an introduction to quantitative finance: why financial time series are interesting and what we stand to gain by studying them. The first part motivates and describes the role that complex systems, self-organised criticality and universality might play in unravelling the mystery surrounding the stylised and non-trivial empirical regularities observed in markets. The second part of the paper then describes each of these empirical regularities in turn with some mathematical background and popular statistical models.


This guide will help you search and assess literature to support dental research questions. Here are some resources that may be useful for your assignments


In the present study, Coenurus gaigeri cysts (a larval stage of Taenia gaigeri) were collected from goats slaughtered at the abattoir in Orathanadu, Thanjavur district, Tamil Nadu. The cysts collected were confirmed to be Coenurus gaigeri using their predilection sites, size and morphology. The cysts were washed thoroughly with PBS (pH 7.4) and the fluid from the cyst was aspirated with the help of a sterilized syringe and needle and collected directly in centrifuge tube. It was centrifuged at 10,000 rpm for 15 minutes at 4°C and the supernatants were used for further study. The total protein content of the cystic fluid estimated by Lowry method was 1.54 mg/mL. On Sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), two prominent bands at 66 kDa and 43 kDa and three minor bands at 25 kDa, 20 kDa and 14 kDa were observed in the cystic fluid of Coenurus gaigeri. Further studies are warranted to identify the immunogenic proteins in cystic fluid, which will be useful for serodiagnosis of Coenurus gaigeri infection in goats.


In this paper we use bifurcation methods to construct a new family of solutions of the binormal flow, also known as the vortex filament equation, which do not change their form. Our examples are complementary to those obtained by S. Kida in 1981, and therefore they are also related, thanks to the so-called Hasimoto transformation, to travelling wave solutions of the 1d cubic non-linear Schr\"odinger equation.


Objective To investigate the incidence of hospital-acquired pneumonia in stroke patients who were admitted to the stroke intensive care unit,and observe the curative effect of hospital-acquired pneumonia.Methods 68 stroke patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia in stroke intensive care unit were selected as case group;the stroke patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia in general ward were selected as control group.The rate of hospital-acquired pneumonia was examined.A retrospective case control study was conducted.The effect of stroke intensive care unit on the incidence of hospital-acquired pneumonia and the rate of adverse outcomes and mortality in acute stroke patients were observed.Results The incidence of hospital-acquired pneumonia in severe acute stroke patients who were admitted to the stroke intensive unit care was 23.8%(68/285),the incidence of hospital-acquired pneumonia in the general ward was 32.3%(62/192).The incidence of hospital-acquired pneumonia in stroke intensive care unit has decreased significantly as compared with general wards(P0.05).The rate of adverse outcomes and mortality in stroke intensive care unit was significantly decreased(P0.05).Conclusion The stroke intensive care unit can significantly reduce the incidence of hospital-acquired pneumonia,adverse outcomes and mortality of acute stroke patients.


Direct broadcasting by satellite (DBS) of television signals to the home has received much attention recently; in contrast, less attention has been paid to sound-only (i.e. radio) broadcasting from satellites. The paper reviews the present range of terrestrial sound broadcasting and explores the possible scope and technical feasibility of using satellites. Satellite broadcasting of sound programmes to receivers of all types, including portable and mobile, situated in national or regional areas, appears technically practicable, but there are problems to be overcome. The most significant are regulatory in nature; in particular there is no appropriate frequency allocation. Various technical details also require further study to produce a system of optimum performance, flexibility and spectrum efficiency.


Introduction The prevalence of osteoporosis is predicted to increase among individuals over 50 years of age. Research was initiated to evaluate the effectiveness of the clinical use of asynchronous quantitative computed tomography (QCT) facilitating the diagnosis of the condition. Objective Review the results of asynchronous QCT introduced in an outpatient clinic in Moscow, with reference to the risk factors included in the FRAX tool. Material and methods Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured in patients referred for QCT by specialized clinicians employed at the same medical institution. The QCT scanning included two areas: the lumbar spine and the proximal femur and was produced with the Toshiba Aquilion 64 CT Scanner, and BMD measured using QCT PRO. A sampling analysis of the 10-year probability of a major osteop orotic fracture was produced using the FRAX tool with the exclusion criteria of anti-osteoporotic treatment, unreliable data in the questionnaire, artifacts in the images of the proximal femur. Based on the results, patients were assigned to groups by indications for initiating treatment in accordance with the FRAX strategies, FRAX corrected for BMD of the femoral neck, QCT, FRAX in conjunction with QCT. Results Within a year of the study, QCT scans were performed for 710 women with the mean age (MA) of 67.3 (9.3) years. Based on CT findings of three sites of interest patients were diagnosed with osteoporosis (n = 418, 59 %), osteopenia (n = 252, 35 %), and 40 (6 %) showed normal manifestations. The FRAX-based 10-year probability of major osteoporotic fractures was used selectively for 111 patients with a high risk detected in 15.2 %, and BMD of the femoral neck adjusted in 14.3 %. QCT findings revealed a high risk of fractures in 46.4 % of the surveyed patients who could receive treatment. The use of QCT in addition to FRAX allowed optimal identification of patients who had antiresorptive treatment indicated in 30.4 %. Conclusion QCT findings detected osteoporosis in 59 % of patients, while the FRAX-based estimates of 10-year fracture probabilities indicated to the need for initiation of treatment in 15.2 % only. Using the FRAX tool and QCT findings together allowed optimization in the proportion of patients who required anti-osteoporotic treatment up to 30.4 %. The results of the study can be used in the development of a clinical decision support system for management of patients with suspected osteoporosis.


This document discusses how Ethernet Provider Backbone Bridging
[802.1ah] can be combined with E-VPN in order to reduce the number of
BGP MAC advertisement routes, provide Customer MAC address mobility
with MAC sub-netting, provide Customer MAC address scoping, offer per
site policies and avoid Customer MAC address flushing on topology
changes. The combined solution is referred to as PBB-EVPN.
Conventions


Inherited methylmalonicacidemia (MM-emia) due to deficient activity of methylmalonyl-CoA mutase may be caused by an abnormal mutase apoenzyme or by reduced holoenzyme activity secondary to impaired synthesis of the mutase-requiring coenzyme, 5'-deoxyadenosylcobalamin (Ado-Cbl). We studied Ado-Cbl synthesis in 5 fibroblast lines from unrelated patients who have MM-emia due to defective cobalamin (vitamin B12) metabolism. Their whole cells in culture fail to synthesize Ado-Cbl but make normal amounts of the other cobalamin coenzyme, methylcobalamin.After breaking the cells to define the steps in Ado-Cbl synthesis, we assayed the final step which combines the reduction of cob(II)alamin to cob(I)alamin and the adenosylation of cob(I)alamin. Subcellular fractionation studies localized this activity to mitochondria. In crude broken cell extracts, enzyme activity was deficient or absent in 3 of the 5 mutant cell lines (4,0,0 pg Ado-Cbl/mg protein/30 min;control lines, 23 ± 8). The other two MM-emia lines had normal activities (23 and 17). These results establish deficiency of Ado-Cbl synthesizing enzyme as one cause of abnormal cobalamin metabolism and MM-emia. The two MM-emia lines that had normal enzyme activity suggest there is further heterogeneity within the disorders of cobalamin metabolism as well as in the MM-emia phenotype.


Observations of early type stars from rockets show that B stars are quite deficient in flux below X 2400 compared with the predictions of model atmospheres. is


The objective of this paper is to examine the impact of inflation gap from target, deviation from targeted inflation, to nominal interest rate decision of Central Bank of Republic of Turkey (CBRT) in Turkey. Recently, it is discussed whether inflation target (IT) regime is the only method to achieve price stability goal or not in Turkey. Becasue the average inflation rate in Turkey during 1980-2002 is over 70 percent, Turkey has not become a potential candidate for IT regime. CBRT has begun to implement IT regime explicitly as late as after january 2006, when the country could able to reduce its inflation rate below 30 percent between 2002 and 2005. We apply unrestricted standard Vector Autoregressive (VAR) technique to series between 2002-2011, because it is known that CBRT has implemented IT implicitly betwen 2002-2005 and explicitly after 2006. Empirical findings indicates that the impact of inflation gap, deviated from targeted inflation, to nominal interest rate is insignificant. Therefore, we suggest that CBRT has implemented its implicit and explicit inflation targeting regime by discretionary measures not by policy rules during 2002-2011. This paper also finds that output gap is negatively and significantly related to the inflastion gap. If CBRT deviates 1 unit from its inflation target level, the logarithmic difference of output gap reduces 0.004.


The mobility and carrier concentration of a number of InSb-based modulation-doped quantum well heterostructures are examined over a range of temperatures between 4.5 and 300 K. Wide well (30 nm) and narrow well (15 nm) structures are measured. The temperature dependent mobilities are considered within a scattering model that incorporates polar optical and acoustic phonon scatterings, interface roughness scattering, and scattering from charged impurities both in the three-dimensional background and within a distributed "quasi-two-dimensional" doping layer. Room temperature mobilities as high as 51 000 cm2/V s are reported for heterostructures with a carrier concentration of 5.8×1011 cm−2, while low-temperature mobility (below 40 K) reaches 248 000 cm2/V s for a carrier concentration of 3.9×1011 cm−2. A Schrodinger–Poisson model is used to calculate band structures in the material and is shown to accurately predict carrier concentrations over the whole temperature range. Low-temperature mobility is shown to be dominated by remote ionized impurity scattering in wide well samples and by a combination of ionized impurity and interface roughness scattering in narrow well samples.


In this paper, the finite element on the seismic behavior of steel plate shear wall with slits is analysed on the different seismic waves, and different earthquake acceleration.The results show that the vertex displacement is increased with the input wave acceleration increased, under the same kind of earthquake wave. Hysteretic behavior of steel plate shear wall with slits is good under the action of seismic waves. The element of steel plate shear wall with slits has a good seismic performance.