Introduction: Recurrent laryngeal nerves (RLN) are particularly prone to injury during thyroid surgeries due to its intimate relationship and proximity with the gland. Zuckerkandl's tubercle (ZT) helps in preserving RLN intra operative. Material and Methods: A prospective study for identifying RLN in thyroid surgery using relationship with superior parathyroid gland and tubercle of Zuckerkandl was conducted on 50 thyroidectomy patients between August 2013 and February 2014. Results: In all cases ZT was identified. Temporary paralysis of RLN was seen in 3 (6%) cases and permanent paralysis in 2 (4%) of cases. Discussion: The site of greatest risk during thyroidectomy to the RLN is in the last 2-3 cm extralaryngeal course of the nerve. Relationship of recurrent laryngeal nerve with superior parathyroid gland and tubercle of Zukerkandl (ZT) is known. Conclusion: Use of ZT and superior parathyroids as a landmark allows safe dissection of RLN.


A new method for the direct one-pot synthesis of substituted pyrrole-2,4-dialdehdyes is developed. This overall pseudo-[3+2] annulation reaction between glutaraldehyde and N-PMP-aldimines (PMP = p-OMeC6H4) proceed through proline-catalyzed direct Mannich reaction/ cyclization, followed by IBX-mediated oxidative rearrangement of in situ generated intermediate compound to pyrrole-2,4-dialdehydes with high yields (up to 80%).


corresponding toa target sequenceofa DNA molecule andcontaining an insertion mutation whichcreated an endonuclease restriction site, were synthesized. Byusing thewild-type DNA molecule flanked bytworestriction sites on eachsideofthe target region as a template, thetwooligonucleotide primers were extended, enriched, andisolated. The extended products, inturn, were usedastemplates ina polymerase chainreaction toobtain a mutagenized double-stranded DNA fragment whichwas conveniently cloned intoplasmids byusing theflanking restriction sites. Escherichia coli cells transformed bythese plasmids were subject tolarge-scale analysis. Onehundred percent ofthetransformants examined bycolony hybridization, restrictioh enzyme analysis, andDNA sequencing were foundtocontain themutantDNA sequence.


In this paper, the use of a gate bias resistor is proposed for conforming a wide linearity sweet-spot in class B or C amplifiers based on junction FET technologies. An illustrative E-pHEMT transistor has been characterized in terms of its intermodulation distortion (IMD) behaviour versus input power, paying particular attention to the evolution of the gate-to-source voltage where the sweet-spot appears. The DC current, resulting from rectification of large gate-to-source voltage swings, has also been studied. It proved to be useful as an element for dynamically adjusting VGS with the RF power level, through the addition of an adequate resistor in the DC path. Finally, experimental results of this sweet-spot enhancement in both B and C amplifying classes are shown, either using the classical two-tone excitation or a real IS-95 modulated signal.


This paper examines the main characteristics and bias behind the necessity of e-commerce in Albania, the socio-economic background of Albanian business and their readiness to support this new way of marketing. A survey and a subsequent analysis was conducted to examine organizations' current practice on web-based information systems requirement. A typical ecommerce application consists of a network of texts, graphics, images, and so on, each of which should have one or more definite purposes that are part of the system development strategy. To determine important features that contribute to the success of the requirement analysis, it is important to find a theoretical relationship between e-commerce features and the development of e-commerce applications. Efforts were made to give answer to the question: "Can ecommerce be used by businesses in Albania? Are businesses in Albania ready and convenient for the advantages of e-commerce use? In order to examine the e-commerce development and the actual situation within Albanian territory the method of questionnaire was applied in some business organizations selected from the main cities –Tirana, Shkodra , Durres. Statistical methods help to analyze and determine the conclusions .The conclusion is that the trend of the Albanian business is to get all benefits out of e-commerce.


Segment vocoders play a special role in very low bitrate speech coding to achieve intelligible speech at bitrates of /spl sim/300 bits/sec. We explore the definition and use of automatically derived units for segment quantization in segment vocoders. We consider three automatic segmentation techniques, namely, spectral transition measures (STM), maximum-likelihood (ML) segmentation (unconstrained) and duration-constrained ML segmentation, towards defining diphone-like and phone-like units. We show that the ML segmentations realize phone-like units which are significantly better than those obtained by STM in terms of match accuracy with TIMIT phone segmentation as well as actual vocoder performance measured in terms of segmental SNR. Moreover, the phone-like units of ML segmentations also outperform the diphone-like units obtained using STM in early vocoders. We also show that the segment vocoder can operate at very high intelligibility when used in a single-speaker mode.


Combined with dam seepage monitoring data of Heiquan reservoir and warning indexes,anti-seepage effect was re-searched by comparison of boundary conditions,and in this way,dam safety state may be determined.


Introduction: raison d'gtre Natural history of the ARS The ARS assay; efficiency of transformation The numbers game; how many ARSs are there in the yeast genome? Families, clusters and categories Of mice and men; heterologous ARS elements Heterologous ARS test-beds M h a g e a trois; stability, copy number, inheritance ARS replication in vivo The 2 pm ARS The ARS in vitro Sequence and structure Gene regulation Discussion References


Air quality models play an important role in atmospheric science and air quality management since they can give a complete deterministic description of the air quality problem, including an analysis of factors and causes (emission sources, meteorological processes, and physical and chemical transformations), and some guidances on the implementation of air pollution control policies/strategies. Worldwide, a number of air quality models have been developed and applied in atmospheric scientific researches and the field of air quality management. These models mainly fall into three categories: dispersion, photochemical, and receptor model. This paper provides a brief review on these air quality models with respect to several aspects such as requirements of input data, model types, and their typical applications.


We define a class of Bernstein-Szegő measures on R and we establish their spectral properties, providing a natural extension of the onedimensional theory. We also derive conditions involving finitely many moments, which are new in the two-dimensional setting, and which completely characterize these measures. An important part of the paper is devoted to a self-contained development of the Bernstein-Szegő theory for matrix-valued functionals. We also show how recent results in the Fejér-Riesz factorization problem for bivariate trigonometric polynomials can be used to construct explicit bases of the spaces associated with the Bernstein-Szegő measures on R. The proofs use a mixture of techniques from real analysis, complex analysis and algebra.


This paper examines the role of employees' future time perspective (FTP) in the association between human resource management (HRM) systems and work-related attitudes. Drawing on social exchange theory, signaling theory, and affective events theory, we hypothesize HRM systems' indirect effects on individual-level job satisfaction and affective organizational commitment as mediated by FTP. The results of this multilevel study, comprising 913 employees of 76 business units, provide evidence that HRM systems have (i) direct effects on employees' FTP and (ii) indirect effects on job satisfaction and organizational commitment via FTP. In addition, three HRM bundles' (i.e., knowledge, skills, and abilities enhancing; motivation enhancing; and opportunity enhancing) corresponding indirect effects are explored. We discuss the results, theoretical contributions, and practical implications of the study, as well as future research directions.


Barley malt, astraglus and hops were used as raw materials to produce astraglus health beer (addition of 2 %~3 % astraglus extracting solution, inoculation with 1 % beer yeast, and chief fermentation temperature at 12 ℃). The beer had harmonious hops aroma and the specific flavor of astraglus with no other off-flavor. It had the functions of strengthening people's immunity.


Newhouse (English, Buffalo State U.) assesses the literary legacy of the Beat writers. He locates the concerns of Allen Ginsberg, Jack Kerouac, and William Burroughs in a deep satisfaction with America as a spiritual wasteland filled with intolerable repression and conformity. This led the Beats to


Case 1: A 46-year-old woman suffered from painful, raised, erythematous plaques, initially located on the volar aspects of her hands, which extended to the extensor surfaces of her arms. A year previously, she had been diagnosed as having the complete type of Behget's disease with oral aphthae, ocular involvement, genital ulceration, and a positive pathergy test.''" The last time she was admitted to the hospital, she had only the eruptions mentioned but no other symptoms of Behget's disease. Dermatologic examination showed that these were dark, erythematous almost purplish papules, which tended to coalesce, located on the outer surfaces of her arms. She did not have any systemic findings. Her body temperature was 38.5°C. Hematocrit was 42%, RBC count 3.6x10''/mm^, WBC count 12.2x103/mm^ with 76% neutrophils. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate was 65 mm in the first hour. Cultures from her tonsils and urine were negative. Histopathologic examination of the eruptions showed a moderate papillomatosis and a dense infiltrate composed of mostly neutrophils, lymphocytes, histiocytes, and nuclear dusts. The infiltrate was situated around the vessels in the upper half of the dermis, which is typical for Sweet's syndrome. The epidermis appeared mildly hyperkeratotic in most areas. The pathergy test was positive. She was given 60 mg of prednisolone per day. The body temperature became normal within 24 hours, and considerable Improvement occurred between the second and the fourth days of treatment. The dose was gradually decreased by 10 mg at 10 day intervals. She was symptom free within the first week, and, during the follow-up period of 10 months, no recurrences were observed.


chapter 1 Introduction chapter 2 Rehabilitating Middle England: Integrating Ecology, Aesthetics, and Ethics chapter 3 Accessible Wilderness as a Therapeutic Landscape: Experiencing the Nature of Denali National Park, Alaska chapter 4 Summer Camp as a Therapeutic Landscape chapter 5 Place Identity and Therapeutic Landscapes: The Case of Home Care Workers in a Medically Underserviced Area chapter 6 Compromised Space: Contests over the Provision of a Therapeutic Environment for People with Mental Illness chapter 7 Mental Health and the Therapeutic Geographies of the City: Individual and Collective Negotiations chapter 8 The Street Gives and the Street Takes: Designing Housing for the Chronically Homeless chapter 9 Auckland's Starship Enterprise: Placing Metaphor in a Children's Hospital chapter 10 Healing Landscapes: Revolution and Health Care in Post-Socialist Havana chapter 11 Place, Space, and Geographies of Health Care: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives chapter 12 Index


In this letter, we present a method to generate and regenerate arrays of microspheres by optically trapping through optical imaging fiber bundles. In this method, a laser beam is coupled into the proximal end of an optical fiber bundle, and the light energy is distributed across the face of the fiber. Each illuminated individual fiber in the array propagates light to the distal face of the bundle, where light focusing elements at the end of each fiber focus the laser light and form optical traps. These optical traps are capable of capturing and arraying microspheres in parallel. The number of optical traps is determined by the number of fibers in the optical fiber bundle and is capable of creating a dense array (∼5×104 traps/mm2) of optical tweezers.


We studied the kinetics of the Beckman Enzymatic Amylase Method by use of the centrifugal analyzer and find that the rate of the reaction is not linear. It showed a pro-flounced initial lag period of about 10 mm, after which the lag was diminished but never completely abolished. Fur-thermore, the function relating rate of reaction to enzyme activity was not linear but increased disproportionately with increase in enzyme activity. When glycogen was substituted for the "soluble starch" as substrate in the Beckman reagent, the initial lag period was less than 3 mm and subsequently the reaction became linear. The Km for a-amylase with "soluble starch" as the substrate is about fivefold greater than that with glycogen. A similar linear rate of reaction was obtained when glycogen (1.0 g/llter reagent) was added to the reagent in the presence of the "soluble starch" (5.0 g/liter reagent). When this mixture of substrates was used, the a-amylase activity of 68 serum and 64 urine specimens correlated well with the activity determined by the Phadebas method (r = 0.98). During the course of the investigation, a dialyzable factor(s) present in a urine specimen from a kidney transplant patient, in-hibited the reaction by the Beckman assay method but not the Phadebas method. The inhibition was simulated by the addition of pyruvate and reversed by the addition of NADH.


Phase transition process and magnetic entropy change -ΔS of Ni55.2Mn18.6Ga26.2-xGdx(x=0, 0.05, 0.15) alloys were studied.Ni55.2Mn18.6Ga26.2-xGdx(x=0, 0.05, 0.15) alloys still underwent simultaneous structural and magnetic transitions and transform from ferro-magnetic martensitic phase to paramagnetic austenitic phase during heating. Under a field of 2 T, the maximum magnetic entropy change -ΔSM of Ni55.2Mn18.6Ga26.15Gd0.05 alloy was 7.7 J/kg.K at 317 K during heating and 8.6 J/kg.K at 314 K during cooling while it was 11.8 J/kg.K at 317 K in Ni55.2Mn18.6Ga26.05Gd0.15alloy during heating.


In recent years, increased in food waste generation has affected the environment due to the lack of awareness among consumers. A need for assessment by surveying was performed at UKM Bangi campus to determine the level of knowledge, apprehension, and readiness in food waste segregation aspect in the cafeteria among residents. The survey result will determine whether sustainable cafeteria programme should be implemented to increase awareness. The questionnaire was designed as a tool to collect data from 300 residents in UKM Bangi campus. The collected data was analysed using the Rasch model and Predictive Analytics SoftWare (PASW). Results of the assessment show that most of the residents have more knowledge on hygiene in the cafeteria associated with waste management instead of having concern and willingness to separate food wastes in the cafeteria as a way of managing wastes properly. As a conclusion, sustainable cafeteria programme should be executed to increase the level of readiness and apprehension of residents towards food waste segregation in the cafeteria.


Background: Attention-seeking and impulsivity are reported to be problematic in Smith-Magenis syndrome (SMS) and have been linked to other challenging behaviours including self-injury and aggression. However, limited research has directly examined these aspects of the SMS behavioural phenotype.
Method: A survey study refined descriptions of atypical social behaviour. Two further studies directly observed social behaviour, in both naturalistic settings and structured social situations manipulating familiarity of interacting adults and level of attention. A final study evaluated whether response inhibition, measured using cognitive assessments, underpins impulsive behaviour in SMS.
Results: Caregivers reported elevated 'attachment' to particular people, but not generally elevated sociability. Natural observations revealed preferences for adult attention and manipulations of social variables indicated preference for familiar adults. Impulsivity was not associated with inhibition deficits, however emotional control was.
Conclusions: Reports of atypical social behaviour were supported, characterised by seeking attention from familiar adults. Associations between impulsivity and emotional control implicate specific deficits in delay of gratification (whereby delay causes aversive emotional responses). Considering these findings in an integrated model of the SMS behavioural phenotype, including pathways from genetic difference to behaviour and environmental influences, may facilitate targeted interventions for challenging behaviours.


The general synthetic method of 6-deoxy hexos-5-ulose was the acid-catalyzed conver sion of 6-deoxy-hex-5-enoses and some of them have been synthesized by this method.1•`4) The synthetic studies of stereoisomers of 6deoxy-hexos-5-ulose are of interest in order to investigate the possible formation of 6-deoxyo-arabino-hexo-furanos-5-ulose (I),* the sugar component of hygromycin A. Although this


Molecular self-assembly, as a most studied case of self-assembly, is one of the few practical strategies for making ensembles of nano- and micro structures. As an essential aspect of the "bottom-up" approach, it is attractive for both scientific research and technological applications. Therefore a detailed understanding of the molecule-substrate and intermolecular interactions involved in the self-assembly process is of great interest.
In the first part of the thesis, the influence of the phenoxy substituents on the self-assembly of Pcs on (111)-oriented noble metal surfaces is described. The rotational degrees of freedom, characteristic for these substituents enable the formation of various stable and transient phases and allow the substituents to be arranged above the plane of the Pc core, forming a bowl-like structure, which in turn enables the interaction of the Pc core with the metal substrate. The proximity of the Pc core to the metal substrate together with the steric entanglement between neighboring substituents causes significant retardation of the thermodynamic optimization of the conformations. This accounts for the coexistence of some of the phases.
In the second part, the influence of replacing two adjacent phenoxy substituents by a rigid tetraazatriphenylene substituent on the self-assembly of Pcs is analyzed and compared to the self-assembly of the above mentioned phenoxy substituted Pcs. The rigid substituent enhances the rotational degrees of freedom of the neighboring phenoxy substituents, hence facilitates their conformational optimization. As a result, novel interactions between the Pc derivatives are enabled and the formation of ordered phases with higher surface densities compared to the previous study is observed.
In the third part, the hosting properties of a close-packed layer of phenoxy substituted Pc derivatives adsorbed on Ag(111) are investigated for the adsorption of C60 molecules. The C60 molecules bind to two clearly distinguishable sites, either to the underlying metal substrate in between two adjacent Pc derivatives or to the core of a Pc derivative. In the first case, the C60 exhibit morphologic and electronic properties analogous to those of a C60 adsorbed on clean Ag(111), whereas in the second case the electronic properties indicate a strong interaction between C60 and the phthalocyanine core.

produce the short living molecule nitric oxide, which is able to reversibly inhibit
T cell proliferation. In vivo, serial injections of wt CD11b+ monocytes into
diseased IFN-!R-/- mice were sufficient to provide a good number of functional
CD11b+ monocytes to block EAM in high susceptible IFN-!R-/- mice.
Dendritic cells subsets differently regulate autoimmunity. In fact, bone
marrow-derived dendritic cells (bmDC) promoted IL-17-mediated EAM, while
splenic CD"+ dendritic cells were slightly pathogenic and induced low levels
of EAM. CD8"+ DC stimulated with LPS-"CD40, producing high levels of IL-
1# and IL-6, induced the development of auto-aggressive IL-17-producing
CD4+ Th17 cells, while TNF-"-stimulated CD8"+ DC polarized IFN-!-
producing CD4+ Th1 cells. The potential of CD8"+ DC to induce protective
IFN-!-producing T cells was used to develop a vaccination strategy. Indeed,
mice vaccinated with serial injections of self-peptide-loaded and TNF-"-
stimulated CD8"+ DC showed an increased production of IFN-! by selfpeptide-
specific CD4+ T cells and were protected from EAM.
Taken together, the opposite roles of IFN-! as protective cytokine and IL-17
as inflammatory cytokine have been further explained in EAM.


The decisions of the 21st Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union contemplate a grand program of communist construction in our country. The goal of this great economic program is to create an abundance of the good things of life for the complete satisfaction of the material and spiritual needs of the Soviet people, ensuring the highest standard of living in the world by means of a further powerful growth of industrial and agricultural production, a rapid development of all branches of the national economy. The fulfillment of the USSR seven-year plan will be of world-wide historic importance.


Prognostics and health management (PHM) play a key role in increasing the reliability and safety of systems especially in key sectors (military, aeronautical, aerospace, nuclear, etc.). This paper presents a new methodology which combines data-driven and experience-based approaches for the PHM of roller bearings. The proposed methodology uses time domain features extracted from vibration signals as health indicators. The degradation states in bearings are detected by an unsupervised classification technique called artificial ant clustering. The imminence of the next degradation state in bearings is given by hidden Markov models, and the estimation of the remaining time before the next degradation state is given by the multistep time series prediction and the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system. A set of experimental data collected from bearing failures is used to validate the proposed methodology. Experimental results show that the use of data-driven and experience-based approaches is a suitable strategy to improve the PHM of roller bearings.


THE NEW DIRECTIONS in American political history have been ably described by the editors of The Democratic Experiment.* These are now freshly out of the gate, but it is clear that they will continue to unfold in the years ahead. I read the book with distinct pleasure--so much so in fact that I wondered-more than once-whether it wasn't just a bit sinful. Why is this book so much fun, I kept wondering, when women rarely appear in its pages? Gradually I came to understand why. Its pages provide a fine context for evaluating the relationship between United States women's history and United States political history. The articles in the book brought to mind four paradigms of that relationship. I want to comment on these paradigms with the goal of understanding how scholars in the fields of women's history and political history are cooperating now and how they might cooperate even better in the future. Paradigm One includes essays that don't mention women or gender, but offer interpretations that could be the basis for new cooperation between women's history and political history. We might call this the "hope for the future paradigm." The Democratic Experiment had some important essays in this category.


Research focusing on the prenatal mother–child relationship has begun to create a body of scientific knowledge. The aim of our article is to bring a selective overview of research on scales to measure the mother–foetus relationship (MFR). First, we describe the construction and available information on psychometric properties of three frequently used scales – the Maternal Foetal Attachment Scale (MFAS), Maternal Antenatal Attachment Scale (MAAS), Prenatal Attachment Inventory (PAI), and some other scales. Second, we review empirical research using these scales (a) to study some of the supposed effects of the MFR on the health behaviour of the mother and the well‐being of the child, and (b) to examine factors that influence the prenatal maternal–foetal relationship. We focus this review on a description of research with MFR scales that are relevant for clinical obstetrics, gynaecology and reproductive psychology. Some suggestions for further research are made.


This study aims to mathematical modeling of a mechanism for a solar tracker system of two axes as well as the modeling of stepper motors that drive each axis, that to get the best angle of incidence between the sun and photovoltaic plate (90o). The proposed architecture was modeled using the conversion method of the kinetic energy and potential of Lagrange and stepper motors were modeled by detailed analysis of their internal characteristics. With ready models, we used the software Matlab® to perform simulations in order to view the system response to the step. As engine speed is too high the system response is oscillatory, the need of using a PID controls system to improve system position control efficiency. For this, we used the second method of Ziegler and Nichols for determining the parameters of the PID controller gains. Thus, the system modeling was completed through the fine tuning of the PID controller in order to find the best values for the controller parameters using the embedded system Arduino UNO R3.


Fiber metal laminates (FMLs) were initially developed under the motivation of the aerospace industry. Generally, they consist of aluminum and high strength glass fiber in polymeric layers, but the new challenge is to apply them with a carbon fiber. Pretreatment of aluminum is the main factor responsible for the adhesion between metallic and polymeric layers. The shear strength test a very popular method in the experimental joint of two components. In this article, the main aim was to compare the surface pretreatment and configuration of fibers in FMLs based on aluminum with glass and carbon fibers. The decisive factor of strength in adhesive or cohesive failure is first the type of fibers, and second, the surface preparation.


As^the 1970s draw to a close, new revolut ionary beginnings are emerging, be i t in Soweto, or the South Bronx, Women's Liberation, or youth in anti-racial ism and anti-nuclear demonstrations throughout Europe as well as the U.S. These new beginnings, though they are the sheerest of beginnings, are forcing the Big Powers, China included, to undertake al l sorts of desperate measures in search of global re-alignments to assure single mastery of the world by " O n e , " be i t either of the two nuclear giants, United States and Russia, or by . . . ,


Based on the analysis of the current development situation of time-sharing hotels and property right hotels, the paper points out the fact that managerial departments should make efforts to adapt the international operation modes and vacation concepts to the Chinese Consumption levels and habits in order to make it a new attraction of the real estate industry and the tourism industry in China.


In this paper we want to investigate and control the chaos Rikitake system. For this end we should design an optimal controller for chaos Rikitake system. For this end we will divide our work to three steps and will monitor behavior of system for more clarify effect of our approach. At the first step we will briefly introduce and investigate the formulation and behavior of the chaos Rikitake system, after that at the second step we want to control the system by use of fuzzy controller, Takagi–Sugeno(T-S) method that it use for chaos systems, by this method will design a fuzzy controller and apply this controller on chaos Rikitake system, at the third step we will optimize the fuzzy controller, by use of GA(Genetic Algorithm) and new controller will apply on Rikitake system. At the all steps numerical simulations are given to illustrate the effectiveness and validity of the proposed approach.


Efficacy of spinosad 45 SC (spinosyn A 50% minimum and spinosyn D 50% maximum), a new formulation was evaluated against cotton bollworm complex along with commercial spinosad (Tracer 45 SC), indoxacarb, chlorypyriphos, cypermethrin, imidacloprid and dimethoate during Kharif 2006 at Sericulture Research Unit, Department of Entomology, M.A.U., Parbhani (M.S.). Spinosad (Spinosyn A 50% minimum and Spinosyn D 50% maximum) @ 100, 75 and 50 g.a.i., resulted in lowest incidence of bollworms in fruiting bodies and was significantly superior to indoxacarb, chlorpyriphos, tracer and cypermethrin. The lowest per cent infestation in shed material, bolls at harvest, locules at harvest due to bollworms were observed in new formulations of spinosad 45% SC 100 g.a.i./ha and its lower doses. The significant and lowest bad kapas was recorded in spinosad 45% SC 100 g.a.i./ha followed by its lower doses. It was observed that spinosad (Tracer) 25 g a.i./ha, Spinosad 50 g a.i./ha, dimethoate 200 g a.i./ha and spinosad @ 75 g a.i./ha were found to be more suitable to conserve natural enemies. The maximum seed cotton yield was (964.4 kg/ha) recorded in spinosad 45% SC 100 g.a.i./ha. Thus, spinosad 45% SC (Spinosad A 50% minimum and spinosad D 50% maximum) @ 100 g a.i./ha proved effective for the management of bollworms.


An artificial iris which adaptively modulating the light intensity of the vision system on humanoid robot is presented. A polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) was driven between transparent and opaque states and was sandwiched between indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes. The ITO electrodes have been patterned so that the light intensity passing through the artificial iris can be tuned in an axisymmetric manner. A control circuit with a photodiode has been developed to drive the artificial iris at 30 V. The fabrication process was detailed. The testing result indicates that the light modulation of the fabricated PDLC increases with the wavelength in the visible spectrum. At the driving voltage of 30 V, the light transmission increases from increases from 24% to 34% for the wavelength of 700 nm.


There is no evidence that common infective episodes are related to the onset of chronic fatigue or chronic fatigue syndrome, a new study suggests.


In this paper, a type of integrated LED module comprising LED source, freeform lens and hexagonal absorbing wall was proposed to be utilized in local dimming for LED backlight to move away the process step of actual backlight simulation, which originally requires high computational complexity. With the aid of proposed LED module, computational complexity can be decreased by several times and performances of distortion rate and power consumption reduction can be improved due to the uniform light pattern with cut-sharp edges produced by proposed LED module and the use of more dimming blocks.


The capacity of the 5a-dihydroprogesterone analog, 4-aza-4-methyl-5α-pregnane-3,20-dione (AMPD), to inhibit progesterone 5α-reductase and both 5α-dihydroprogesterone 3α-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase activities (NADPH- and NADH-linked) from the female rat anterior pituitary has been investigated. Dose response studies demonstrate that AMPD is a powerful inhibitor of pituitary progesterone 5α-reduction but is ineffective at inhibiting either of the 3α-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase activities, even at concentrations up to 10 μM. A kinetic analysis of the interaction of AMPD with progesterone 5α-reductase, indicates that it is a competitive inhibitor vs. progesterone [Kialope = 7.2 ± 0.6 nM; apparent Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) (progesterone) = 193 ± 18 nM] and an uncompetitive inhibitor vs. NADPH (Kiintercept = 17.9 ± 1.4 nM). These inhibition patterns are consistent with the view that NADPH binding precedes that of either AMPD or progesterone. Furthermore, AMPD does not appear to be an irreversible inhib...


This is a truly impressive work on the exploitation of agricultural labourers in four villages in south Gujarat: Gandevigam and Chikhligam (Navsari district); Bardoligam (Surat district); and Atulgam (Valsad district). It provides a profound explanation of the circumstances that compel the landless in rural India to live in an acute state of poverty and destitution. Though the present monograph is based on the author's fieldwork between 2004 and 2006 in the four above-mentioned villages, it is rooted in earlier field investigations carried out by him in the first three. His knowledge of Atulgam during the latter half of the last century is based on secondary material. Breman's study of the four villages over a period of time unravels, in qualitative terms, the unfolding of capitalist development and its adverse impact on the material lives of landless labourers. The knowledge of poverty he has thus generated excels by far the rather soulless understanding of the phenomenon by economists on the basis of highly variable statistical data. Breman's research is driven by his great empathy with the tribulations of the rural underclass, which explains his commitment to the standpoint of the oppressed and his conscious rejection of value neutrality as a methodological tool in sociological research. This is evident from the following statement in the Preface to the new edition of the first monograph that emerged from his initial fieldwork in the area: Coming from a working class background myself, I knew right from the beginning that my study would concentrate on the segment at the bottom of the caste hierarchy and the rural economy (Beyond Patronage and Exploitation, Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1993, p.vi [emphasis added]). The poverty of the rural underclass in the four field sites is a consequence of the interplay between two regimes—one underlying the local


As computers become ubiquitous, they are increasingly used in safety critical environments. Since many safety critical applications are real-time systems, automated analysis technique of real-time properties is desirable. Most widely used automated analysis techniques are based on state space exploration. Automatic analysis techniques based on state space exploration suffer from the state space explosion problem. In particular, a realtime system may have an unbounded number of states due to infinitely many possible time values. This paper presents our approach for generating a finite and efficient representation of the reachable states called a timed reachability graph for a real-time system. In this paper, a real-time system is specified using a timed automaton which is a timed extension of the well-known finite automaton. Our approach for coping with the state explosion problem is to extract timing information from states and to represent it as relative time relations between transitions. We also present an algorithm for computing the minimum and maximum time bounds between executions of two actions from a timed reachability graph to determine timing properties. Comments University of Pennsylvania Department of Computer and Information Science Technical Report No. MSCIS-94-36. This technical report is available at ScholarlyCommons: http://repository.upenn.edu/cis_reports/229 An Efficient Generation of the Timed Reachability Graph for the Analysis of Real-Time Systems MS-CIS-94-36 DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS LAB 79 LOGIC & COMPUTATION LAB 83 Inhye Kang Insup Lee University of Pennsylvania School of Engineering and Applied Science Computer and Information Science Department Philadelphia, PA 19104-6389


The study the effect of unary or binary mulching micro-catchment models including plastic film-mulching ridge and ditch plantation (T1), plastic film-mulching ridge and ditch film-mulching plantation (T2) and plastic film-mulching ridge and ditch straw mulching plantation (T3) on was carried out in allusion to the critical issue of the severe lack of water resource in the western Liaoning province of China, in comparison with traditional cropping patterns. The water-holding effect of T2 under the condition of this experiment is the best, followed by T3 and T1. During corn growth stage, through respective comparison, the water is less consumed by 49.87 mm, 43.06 mm and 29.39 mm. In the meantime, the micro-catchment could reduce the water requirement of the crop. Through respective comparison, T2, T3 and T1 reduce water requirement by 81.66 mm, 69.20 mm and 48.45 mm during the growth stage. The average crop coefficient the growth stage is respectively reduced by 0.12,0.16 and 0.09 compared to that under the traditional model. The corn yield and water use efficiency (WUE) is increased to a different extent through various catchment plantation cultivation models and traditional plantation model. Especially, it is increased substantially by T3 and T2.


The beginning of this third millennium faces us to a set of changes that are the culminating point of processes generated from the second half of the 20th century and that they are directly linked to the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). The Information Society, through Internet, is favouring the globalization and simultaneously promoting social paradigmatic changes as the sustainable development and the risk society that slow –but of form maintained– go being outlined as an alternative, feasible, and necessary change. The indicators of management of risks are considered strategic for their application to the evaluation, control and adjustments of the process of sustainability prompted in the world environment, in which the Public Libraries become laboratories multicultural of measurement of the Information Society. With this communication we intend to contribute to the formulation of new indicators, inside the environment of the Public Libraries, to characterize and to measure the risks that exist in regions and countries, so much inside as out of the Information Society.Our proposal will be directed to two basic standpoints: (a) since a perspective of systems, that will advance the need to undertake new methodologies of work, that include the levels of uncertainty in which at present the company of risk is proclaimed and decisions make; and (b) by means of a holistic, interactive, participatory perspective, and flexible, just as is being achieved in the management of environmental risk. These approaches will investigate themselves in the framework of the instruments of strategic social management, such as the indicators proposed in the Manual of Lisbon (2004) for the Information Society, and them formulated inside the management of risks proposed by Ulrich Beck (2000).


Social learning theory, social bonding theory, and anomie (strain) theory are tested with survey data on adolescent drug use. Social learning theory is strongly supported, social bonding bonding theory receives some support, and anomie receives little support. Types of theoretical integration are reviewed, and the conceptual overlap between social learning and bonding theories is shown.


Sonochemistry has been deployed in liquid and liquid-solid systems in recent years to generate rapid reaction rates and diverse chemical products (1). The underlying mechanism is based on acoustically-induced cavitation in the liquid phase, and is therefore not applicable in the gas phase at least at low pressures. However, about five years ago Inoue and Matsukawa first reported remarkable increases in the rates of catalytic reactions at the gas-solid interface by exciting acoustic waves across the catalyst surface (2). These early studies, recently reviewed (3 ) , were performed in a gas circulating apparatus operating at around 30 Torr with polycrystalline films as catalysts. Several important questions were raised by this work: 8 Since significant acoustic power was dissipated at the metal surface, was the effect simply attributable to an increase in the surface temperature of the catalyst? a At the pressures used in these experiments, reactant transport through the gas phase can become rate determining: is the effect attributable to acoustic-wave-induced mixing in the gas phase above the catalyst? a Finally, if the effect could be attributable to a non-thermal surface process, what is the physical nature of this process? This last question is intriguing, since the quantum of energy associated with acoustic waves in the range used (10' Hz) is about 10' times smaller than the barrier associated with a surface reaction. Our approach was to tackle each of these questions in turn, using well characterised platinum single crystals in an ultrahigh-vacuumcompatible excitation system, with a base pressure of 2 x 10 '" Torr. Acoustic waves were excited across a 500 nm x 10 mm x 10 mm Pt{ 1 l o } crystal, and detected by an interdigital transducer (IDT) (3). The platinum crystal was grown on a suitable cut, polished and irradiated NaCl substrate and floated away from it in water, before cold-welding it onto a polcd Y-cut LiNbO, single crystal substrate with both input and output aluminium IDTs, as shown in Figure 1. The system operates by exciting Rayleigh waves in the frequency range 19 to 20 MHz. A tunable ultrahigh amplitude and frequency resolution vector-analyser spectrometer were used both for excitation and to detect the acoustic signal transmitted across the platinum crystal surface (4). The RF power generated across the crystal during the experiments described here is of the order of 1 watt. A novel method had to be developed to


Recent theoretical and experimental research is triggering interest to technologies based on radiation in the region from ~0.1 to 20 Terahertz (THz). Today, this region of the electromagnetic (e.m.) spectrum is a frontier area for research in many disciplines. The technological roadmap of the THz radiation considers outdoor and indoor communications, security, drug detection, biometrics, food quality control, agriculture, medicine, semiconductors, and air pollution, and demands high-power and sub-ps compact sources, modern detectors, and new integrated systems. There are still many open questions regarding working at THz frequencies and with THz radiation. In particular, we need to invest in new methodologies and in materials exhibiting the unusual or exotic properties of THz. This book contains original papers dealing with some emerging THz applications, new devices, sources and detectors, and materials with advanced properties for applications in biomedicine, cultural heritage, technology, and space.


Nasal microdialysis using sodium fluorescein as a dialyzable marker is introduced as a means of screening formulations to predict the residence time of nasally administered insulin. Exogenous fluorescein and insulin concentrations were correlated with the pharmacodynamic effect of insulin by monitoring serum glucose levels in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits. Nasal insulin (5 U/kg) depressed blood glucose levels for at least three hours after administration. Although insulin could not be determined in the dialysates, fluorescein was easily measured and gave residence times consistent with glucose depression after insulin administration. A viscosity-enhancing polymer increased residence times of fluorescein and this, too, was consistent with blood glucose depressions. The present approach for nasal sampling may possibly be used for other substances of low molecular weight as well.


In this article, we predicted students' mathematics gain scores employing two-level hierarchical linear models (HLM) through value-added approach using data from one of the largest urban school districts in the United States of America. Effects of teacher quality or teacher effectiveness, characterized by teacher's certification in mathematics content area and teacher experience, were measured on students' gain scores. The results showed significant impact on mathematics gain scores due to teacher's content certification and teacher experience at teacher level and pretest scores as well as free and reduced lunch status at student level including cross-level interaction effects of teacher content certification with student level predictors. We also reported proportions variance explained and d-type effect sizes for teacher level models in order to measure teacher effectiveness.


The present invention relates to a kind of soft high specific gravity rubber plastic foam material for sound insulation and noise reducing, be made up of following components and weight percent content: rubber 15%~45%, plastics 5%~20%, heavy metal powder 10%~30%, plasticizer 3%~10%, stabilizer 1%~5%, foaming agent 1%~10%, vulcanizing agent 1%~5%, accelerator 1%~2% and coupling agent 1%~7%.Compared with prior art, the soft high specific gravity rubber plastic foam material of the present invention had both had the good elasticity of rubber and the good viscosity of plastics, there is again the relatively high areal density needed for sound insulation mass action law and the adjection of " abscess damping ", improve tradition sound insulating material sound insulation low ebb under resonant frequency and coincidence effect, be very suitable for all kinds of sound environment quality and improve and noise control place.


variational calculations of the molecular frame photoelectron distributions (MFPADs) for 1s core ionization of CH 4 , NH 3 , and H 2 O are presented for ejected electron energies below 25 eV. Surprisingly, in these three cases there are energy ranges in which the photoelectron MFPADs effectively form "images" of the molecular geometry. Com-parison with recent momentum imaging experiments on methane at the Advanced Light Source verify this effect. Simultaneous double Auger decay in these molecules can produce dissociation into three charged fragments, e.g., CH +2 + 2 H + , allowing the complete orientation of the molecule and therefore the measurement of 3D MFPADs that test these predictions. In other Auger decay channels the measurement of 3D MFPADs verifies axial recoil (prompt dissociation) or probes its absence in the Auger dissociation dynamics of small molecules.


Hardware Transactional Memory systems intend to provide an easy to use programming model for multithreaded applications and high performance at the same time. LogTM-SE is one of these systems, and the object of this proposal. LogTM-SE is a solid TM implementation, supports unbounded transactions and works well with virtual memory, but there are some aspects of it that could be improved. We propose alternative schemes to both enhance the performance (by modifying the conflict resolution policy) and reduce its hardware requirements (by avoiding to use summary signatures, a rarely used mechanism that doubles the amount of storage needed), and outline how to evaluate these techniques.


Samples of carbon fiber were prepared from polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based precursors, covering a range of electrical resistivity from 0.9 to 1,000 mΩ cm corresponding to a range of carbonization heat treatment temperatures (HTT) estimated to be between 700 and 2600°C. Experimental gas diffusion media (GDM) were made from these fibers using conventional phenolic resin/carbon fiber construction, prepared at two different carbonization temperatures (950 and 2150°C). GDM thermal and electrical properties displayed similar trends with respect to fiber and paper HTT. Unexpectedly, GDM bending and shear moduli increased with fiber resistivity, possibly due to shortening of the lower resistivity fiber types during GDM production. Results showed that high HTT of either the carbon fiber or the paper was sufficient to enable average ("wet" and "dry") 5-cm 2 fuel cell performance comparable to current state-of-the-art GDM. A proprietary GDM wet-laid production model predicts a potential cost reduction of about 2% at 20 million m 2 annual production by reducing the paper HTT.


To measure the performance of photovoltaic system, performance ratio is a common indicator to used. However, the performance ratio calculation is based on various methods to determine the value of photovoltaic temperature. The modelling used in this research is sandia, Ross and Smokler, Schott and Faiman modeling. Each model have different coefficient values from each others. Thus, each modelling has different performance ratio values that will be compared between others. From this comparison we will get the best modelling that closest to the real conditions.


Given the current importance for corporations of contracts on transference of technology, the purpose of this research Project is to study the contractual aspects referred to intellectual property, applicable legislation, arbitration and mediation, serving the kind of contract of Transference of Technology (IT) that corresponds to the juridical business to contract, prior reference of Postulate of Autonomy and Will and Typicality and Atypical Nature in these contracts. At business level, entering into juridical acts related to transference of technology, has a high degree of difficulty for the contracting parties. In recent decades there has been evidence of the challenge, not only because of lack of express regulations that cover the different juridical variables that shall be incorporated in contracts, but also because of the fast development of teleological creations vs. delay of legal orders, "reasons that lead us to consider a doctrinal, jurisprudence and eventually legislative revision of these standards".(Alban 2012) What is the scope that clauses referring to the topics stated in IT contracts shall have to be coherent with its nature? This research Project may be useful for lawyers who are formalizing agreements related to IT juridical businesses, to find updated information regarding the kind of contracts that are used and the way to juridically address aspects as important as intellectual property, governing law. arbitration and mediation.


The present trend in Geographic Information System (GIS) design is towards the incorporation of more diverse spatial data sets. Analysts often wish to combine remotely sensed images with more conventional data (soil types or political jurisdictions, for example) which are mapped using lines and polygons. The difficulty in integrating gridded (raster) imagery with (vector) polygons can be a major obstacle in the data analysis. There have been several studies published which have attempted to identify the best algorithm to use when converting data between vector and raster formats. All of these reports, however, have based their conclusions on theoretical execution times. In this paper, we propose a more comprehen~ive evaluation procedure which includes measures of the quality and accuracy of the conversion results as well as algorithm efficiency. These tests should be performed using data sets which have been specifically designed to fully exercise the capabilities of each algorithm as well as applied to files which are representative of real-world applications.


Organoruthenium-supported polyoxometalates [(RuC6H6)XW9O34]7− (XWRu; X = As, P) were selected as samples to study their catalytic activities towards the solvent-free oxidation of n-hexadecane. First of all, the XWRu were deposited on 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane-modified SBA-15 to prepare solid catalysts, which were characterized using powder X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption measurements, Fourier transform infrared reflectance spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Subsequently, their catalytic performances and stabilities were assessed through the oxidation of n-hexadecane using air as the oxygen source without any additives and solvents, and the influences of the loading amount, catalyst amount, reaction time and reaction temperature on the catalytic activities were investigated. The results indicated the influence of the central heteroatoms X of XWRu on the catalytic activities. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


On Pll. II–III and figs. 1–4, p. 8, I reproduce photographs of three Attic vases in the Museum of Valletta already published by Albert Mayr in Sitzgsb. d. philos.-philol. u. d. hist. Kl. der Kgl. Bayer. Akademie der Wissenschaften 1905, Heft III, pl. II, 1, 4 and 5. The first vase (Pl. II) is a late black-figured skyphos, height 165 mm.; diameter 222 mm. The obverse represents a chariot with two Amazons; the subject on the reverse is similar, but the second Amazon is here omitted. On both sides the scene is flanked by two sphinxes looking towards the handles. The vase belongs to the group of the CHC skyphoi, on which see Ure, Sixth and Fifth, p. 61, 26. 98–100 and Beazley, Some Attic Vases In the Cyprus Museum, pp. 22–3. For a list of vases of this group see Ure, CVI, Reading, p. 18.


The present invention relates to a digital broadcasting terminal, and a slide show implementation using the same has a slide show function implementation. The present invention, (1) the receiving module for receiving broadcast signal of digital broadcast signal; Receiving a command signal for the slide show implementation from the user key input unit; In accordance with the command signal transmitted from the key input, the still image detection unit for detecting a specific still picture frame from the multimedia broadcasting data received through the broadcast signal receiving module; Decoder for decoding the detected still image frame; And still images using a digital broadcasting terminal including a digital broadcasting station and, (2) a digital broadcast signal broadcast signal receiving module capable of receiving having a slide show implementation function comprises a display for displaying the still image frame a method for implementing the slide show, and provides a slide show implementation using a digital broadcast terminal, characterized in that to implement a still image slide show to detect the specific still picture frames from the multimedia broadcasting data to the terminal is received. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to implement the slide show by detecting the still image from the received DMB data. Digital broadcasting, DMB, MPEG-4, I- frame, slideshow


C, d'autant plus qu'elles estimaient qu'un nombre significatif de P&C (cid:2) etaient d (cid:2) ej (cid:1) a prescrits dans leurs Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) et donc d (cid:2) ej (cid:1) a en application dans leurs unit (cid:2) es op (cid:2) erationnelles. Abstract: PT. Smart, an Indonesian oil palm plantations company, technically manages all plantings of Golden Agri-Resources (GAR). Recently challenged by several environmental NGOs, accusing the society of violating the durability, despite its accession to the panel for the production of sustainable palm oil (RSPO), the company has re-affirmed its commitment, strengthening its governance with the goal of becoming not only a leader in its field of production, but also in terms of environmental and social sustainability, implementingcoordinationactivitiesandexchangestofindworkablesolutionstoproblems. Recognizing that some mistakes were made, the company insists, however, that many economic initiatives, social and environmental development marked its action since the early 1980s according to the advance of scientific knowledge, and the existence of operational tools to implement them. What the company calls ''the road towards sustainability''.


This study discusses education from an interdisciplinary perspective and evaluates what it means to teach and learn through the bias of art and playfulness, as a movement present in the dimensions of epistemology and pedagogy. Aspects of this movement are discussed up to the present time and its implications to reflect then the theoretical orientations theme "Art and Ludicity as Expressive and Creative Language in the Visual Literacy of Regional Culture" in the Institutional Project of Initiation to Teaching / PIBID / Pedagogy / UFMS / Aquidauana Campus. The argument presented in the text seeks to highlight, in an interdisciplinary manner, the knowledge of the different areas, facing the challenge of mediating the literacy process. The interdisciplinary articulations during games, games and plastic activities signal the path of Pibidian actions and, in this direction, games and games are indispensable and determining Revista Diálogos Interdiciplinares – GEPFIP Revista Diálogos Interdisciplinares – GEPFIP/UFMS/CPA 136 pedagogical tools for the referral of our work plan regarding written language and spoken language, its uses and functions in culture. We are dealing with a learning process in which we are learners of how to teach and, as agents in this experience, we elaborate joint forms of coexistence and participation with autonomy to make art, play and build knowledge. The referrals, up to the present moment, have given us the sensation of having taken long steps, however, it is necessary to look further when proposing to use playfulness and art as an interdisciplinary resource of teaching and learning.


The original classification of biocenotic pyrogenic strategies of indicator species in the derivative associations of the Middle Priamurie conifero-deciduous forests is presented.


We jointly model 22 early-type gravitational lens galaxies with stellar dynamical measurements using standard CDM halo models. The sample is inhomogeneous in both its mass distributions and the evolution of its stellar populations unless the true uncertainties are significantly larger than the reported measurement errors. In general, an individual system cannot constrain halo models, in the sense that the data poorly constrain the stellar mass fraction of the halo. An ensemble of systems, however, strongly constrains the average stellar mass represented by the visible galaxies to 0.026 ± 0.006 of the halo mass if we neglect adiabatic compression, rising to 0.056 ± 0.011 of the halo mass if we include adiabatic compression. Both estimates are significantly smaller than the global baryon fraction, corresponding to a star formation efficiency for early-type galaxies of 10%-30%. In the adiabatically compressed models, we find an average local B-band stellar mass-to-light ratio of (M/L)0 = 7.2 ± 0.5 M☉/L☉ that evolves as dlog (M/L)/dz = − 0.72 ± 0.08 per unit redshift. Adjusting the isotropy of the stellar orbits has little effect on the results. The adiabatically compressed models are strongly favored if we impose either local estimates of the mass-to-light ratios of early-type galaxies or weak-lensing measurements for the lens galaxies on 100 kpc scales as model constraints.


A 120 days trial was conducted to see the effect of replacing conventional method of feeding with complete pelleted diets based on non conventional straws on the performance of lambs. Munjal male lambs (20,90±6 days, 15.12 ±.237 Kg) divided into 4 equal groups were fed control diet C having concentrate to gram straw ratio as 85:15, GBP (pellets having gram straw 60, mustard cake 12, deoiled rice bran 10, and barley 5%), SBP(pellets having soyabean straw 60, mustard cake 8, deoiled rice bran 9 and barley 10%) and BGBP(pellets having urad/black gram straw 60, mustard cake 5, deoiled rice bran 9 and barley 13%). Diets GBP, SBP and BGBP were isonitrogenous mid each having 10% molasses, 1.5% mineral mixture and 1.0% salt. Total dry matter intake was lower (P<0.05) in lambs fed SBP diet compared to C, GBP and BGBP. The intake of nitrogen in GBP and BGBP groups was higher (P<0.05) than that in C and SBP groups. The digestibility of all nutrients was lower (P<0.05) in GBP and SBP diets as compared to C diet. The nitrogen retention was higher (P<0.05) in group C compared to other groups, in SBP it was higher (P<0.05) than that in GBP and BGBP groups. The DCP (g/d) and TDN (g/d) intakes were lower in experimental groups as compared to C group. The average daily weight gain (g) per animal followed the same trend. Urad straw based complete pelleted feed gives better performance than other straws in growing lambs.


This study is aimed at addressing the present challenge in tandem catalysis, where the sequential catalytic processes are often not compatible with each other and even engage in each other. The objective is met by reporting an artificial "active" nanoreactor capable of sequential catalytic ability. This nanoreactor is made of nature-inspired "active" compartments consisting of core-and-shell architectures. The "active" compartments allow the nanoreactor to catalytically separate the tandem processes from each other, avoiding the occurrence of mutual interferences. Unlike the use of reported nanoreactors and conventional bi-functional catalysts, the tandem catalysis at this nanoreactor involves neither the mutual competition nor the spatiotemporal mismatching between the tandem processes. This nanoreactor suggests a potential model for achieving sequential catalytic ability.


1) Barleria cristata L: Root and leaves used to reduce swelling (Kirtikar and Basu, 1980). The plant is bitter, heating useful in infla mmations, fevers, bronchitis, blood diseases, biliousness, tympanitis , pains, asthma (Ayurvedic). The paste of fresh leaves is applied t hree times daily on cuts, wounds and gums to stop bleeding (Trivedi, 20 02). Decoction of plant is given one tea spoon two times a day for whooping cough and toothache (Trivedi, 2002). Root and leaves to r educe swelling, cough. Root decoction for rheumatism, snake bite (J ayvir et. al., 2002). Plant used for fever, antiacidity, blood pur ification (Sharma P.V. 2005). Root is used in diarrhea; juice of leav es is used for eye and ear troubles, (S. Shanmugam, et. al., 2009).


cDNA-AFLP technique is a new AFLP technique with advantages of abundant polymorphism,high stability,dispensation and sequence information,with cDNA as templates reversely transcripted from mRNA of segregation population.Because of its reproducibility,accuracy and reliability,this technique has been developing as a common method to display gene differential expression,construct genetic linkage map of expression genes and clone genes.This paper introduced its application in displaying stress resistant gene differential expression and genes isolation.


Large pressure gradients and unrecognizable variations of pressure occur when solid substances are compressee by cold anvils (pistons) and heated by internal heaters. To improve the reliability of the results the miniaturization of samples and preliminary firing of pyrophyllite (which transmits pressure) are suggested. The equilibrium coesite—stishovite may be empirically expressed as:

Pkb = 85 + 0·364 T (°C)

Stishovite must be playing an important role in the mantle at depths greater than 500 km. Quartz and stishovite do not coexist in nature whatever PT-conditions are.


A group of proactive students participated in the Mock Assessment Centre activity on 18 May in preparation for graduate recruitment activities.


Edge computing is increasing its popularity also in non-computing specific environments. In particular, Makerspaces are facing the issue of providing cognitive-edge to cloud computational power to their users, for running their 3D modeling and optimizations. However, while the edge-to-cloud offloading might be a traditional issue in edge computing systems, some countries require Makerspaces to provide their service only during operational hours, and therefore to switch off their machines, including their servers, during the night. This calls for the need for flexible computational offloading, enabling to checkpoint of current tasks and restoring them during opening hours. This work examines the feasibility of designing and implementing such a system, to facilitate computational offloading with checkpointing to increase the availability of computational power. We propose and prototype the implementation for a system that enables a provider to provide computational power through their edge with a checkpoint and restore feature to prevent loss of progress while the system works on a computation. A client-side application was designed and implemented to enable users to access the computational offloading service from a provider at a given location directly from their smartphone. Results show that it is possible to implement a continuous edge-to-cloud computational platform to enable full checkpoint and restore of computational tasks while providing a good quality of service and using a controlled amount of energy.


Soil erosion causes many environmental and socio-economic problems: loss of biodiversity, decrease in the productivity of agricultural land, siltation of dams and increased risk of flooding. It is therefore essential to establish a detailed evaluation of this process before any spatial planning. To evaluate the effects of soil erosion spatially and quantitatively in order to face this phenomenon, and propose the best conservation and land development strategies, the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) coupled with a geographic information system (GIS) is applied. This model is a multiplication of the five erosion factors: the erosivity of the rain, the erodibility of the soil, the inclination and the slope length, the vegetation cover and the anti-erosion practices. The study area is the Moulay Bouchta watershed (7 889 ha), which is located in the western part of the Rif Mountains, is characterized by a complex and contrasting landscape. The resulting soil loss map shows an average erosion rate of 39.5 (t/ha/yr), 87% of the basin has an erosion rate above the tolerance threshold for soil loss (7 (t/ha/yr)). Soil losses per subbasin range from 16.2 to 81.4 (t/ha/yr). The amount of eroded soil is estimated at 311,591 (t/yr), corresponding to a specific degradation of 12.1 (t/ha/yr). In the absence of any erosion control, 25% of the soil losses would reach the new dam located a little upstream of the basin outlet, reducing its water mobilization capacity to 59,625 (m3/yr). The application of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to soil erosion factors shows a significant influence of topographic factor (LS) on soil erosion process, followed by the effect of support practices (P), then by soil erodibility (K).


Abstract During the Late Campanian, sea-level fluctuation occurred in the form of two chert bands and the topmost conglomeratic phosphate beds (CF8a zone). A great transgression event occurred associated with the global warming (CF8b zone) trend indicated by large double-keeled foraminifera as Globotruncana aegyptiaca Nakkady of oligotrophic conditions. Through the event of CF6/CF5 zones, a gradual increase in the relative abundance of Gublerina rajagopalani Govindan and Planoheterohelix planata (Cushman) and other heterohelicids have been shown to tolerate and thrive in a wide range of environmental conditions as in high-stress environments. Sea-level fall at the CF6 zone and the overlying CF5 boundary marked a warming climate for the Middle Maastrichtian Event. In the latest CF4 records, the beginning of the decrease in planktic/benthic ratio, globotruncanids, rugoglobigerinids, and heterohelicids indicating a fall in sea level coincided with the CF4/CF3 and the development of dark grey shales in a regressive regime. The observed low abundance of planktic specimens may be due to the presence of pyrite with black shale interval suggesting low oxygen condition. The latest zones CF3, CF2, and CF1 are generally characterized by heterohelicids blooms specially Planoheterohelix globulosa (Ehrenberg), and a gradual decrease in diversity associated with the warming phase before the K/Pg boundary event, implying high biotic stress to even absent of Guembelitria cretacea species through CF3–CF1 zones. Pseudotextularia elegans (Rzehak) occurs in the zones CF4 and CF2 warming of phases 1 and 2 of Deccan Trap Volcanic. The absence of P. elegans (Rzehak) in the zone (CF3) is postulated due to a tectonic cause (maximum cooling of Deccan Trap Volcanic) whereas its absence in the zone (CF1) was due to regression of phase 2.


A condition-based maintenance policy for offshore wind turbines is presented in consideration of the maintenance uncertainty and the weather effect. In this paper, the offshore wind turbine is divided into four main assemblies—namely, the rotor, gearbox, generator, and pitch system. The support vector machine classification technique is implemented to analyze the failure information, which was collected from field data in China. According to the results of fault diagnosis and prediction, the assembly that reaches the corresponding maintenance threshold will be repaired. At the same time, a maintenance opportunity occurs for the rest of the components, and an optimized plan can be determined by arranging the maintenance combination and time. The calculated results indicate that the proposed condition-based maintenance policy is beneficial to reduce the maintenance expenditure of offshore wind turbines.


NANCY G. LA VIGNE CHRISTY VISHER JENNIFER CASTRO he Urban Institute, in 2001, launched a four-state, longitudinal study entitled Returning Home: Understanding the Challenges of Prisoner Reentry in order to examine the experiences of released prisoners returning to communities in Maryland, Illinois, Ohio, and Texas. This research brief presents findings from the Returning Home study in Chicago, Illinois. The first phase of the Illinois study involved an analysis of preexisting corrections data to describe incarceration and reentry characteristics in Illinois (see sidebar "A Portrait of Prisoner Reentry in Illinois"). The second phase involved a series of interviews with male prisoners returning to Chicago, once before and three times after their release. In addition, interviews were conducted with prisoners' family members and focus groups were held with residents of four Chicago communities that are home to the highest concentrations of returning prisoners (see sidebar "Returning Home Study Methodology" for more details about data collection and analysis). This research brief documents findings from phase two, the original data collection effort, and describes the experiences of prisoners returning to Chicago. In a previous research brief entitled Illinois Prisoners' Reflections on Returning Home, we described the prerelease experiences and expectations of prisoners in our sample.1 In this research brief, we expand on that information by comparing it to the experiences of those prisoners after release. We present key findings on a range of reentry challenges and describe the factors related to postrelease success or failure, such as employment, substance use, attitudes and beliefs, health challenges, criminal histories, and family and community contexts. This research brief is intended to serve as a foundation for policy discussions about how released prisoners can successfully reintegrate into their communities, whether in Chicago or in similar cities around the country. KEY FINDINGS


Mystus vittatus is an important catfish species having good market demand as food fish and recently it has also made its entry in ornamental fish markets. In spite of several studies having been conducted on the feeding and breeding biology of this fish species, consolidated information on these aspects is not available. The present review, therefore, is an attempt to gather all available information on feeding and breeding biology of this fish species. Lacunae of information has also been pointed out which will be beneficial for future culture and management of this fish species.


Malaysian Nuclear Agency (Nuclear Malaysia) has started research on the improvement of ornamental plants through induced mutation (mutagenesis) since the early 1990s. The research emphasis was initially on creating new ornamental varieties through the use of the nuclear technology and later through a combination with biotechnology. Concurrently, several other species of landscaping plants, flowering and foliage were also subjected to radiation for further improvement. To date, Nuclear Malaysia has produced more than 20 new varieties of ornamental and landscaping plants. These new varieties have been transferred to various end-users, private nurseries and government agencies, such as the National Landscape Department and local councils, through collaborations and partnerships. Besides diversifying local ornamental germplasms, these efforts are also in line with the government's vision to make Malaysia a "Beautiful and Advanced Garden Nation" by the year 2020.


Estimating the long-term exposure of astronauts on the developing International Space Station (ISS) requires an accurate knowledge of the internal exposure environment for human risk assessment and other onboard processes. The natural environment is moderated by the solar wind, which varies over the solar cycle. The neutron environment within the Shuttle in low Earth orbit has two sources. A time dependent model for the ambient environment is used to evaluate the natural and induced environment. The induced neutron environment is evaluated using measurements on STS-31 and STS-36 near the 1990 solar maximum.


This report presents the results of the investigation into the road research unit's budget level and priorities. It is divided into seven sections. In section 1, an overview of the history of the project is presented, and this is followed by a discussion of the project methodology and a summary of the conclusions and recommendations. Section 2 presents a framework by which the merit of undertaking a research project can be assessed. Section 3 summarises the major road transport costs in New Zealand (traffic congestion, accidents, maintenance, law enforcement, bridge repairs, vehicle overloading, and highway construction). A review of the past and present research directions of the road research unit committee is presented in section 4. Section 5 gives an assessment of future road transport and research needs. In section 6, the framework for assesing research projects is applied and the potential research payoffs for different research areas are estimated. Section 7 presents the summary and conclusions along with the recommendations. Publ


In this article, we consider the maximal value of the Thurston-Bennequin invariant of Legendrian knots which topologically represent a fixed knot type in the standard contact 3-space and we prove a formula of the value under the connected sum operation of knots.


Background : Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are known to be key regulators of immune responses in patients with autoimmune disease and infection and also for attenuating antitumor immunity by the host. It has been reported that high numbers of tumor-infiltrating Tregs might be associated with poor clinical outcomes for several malignant tumors. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the impact of tumor-infiltrating Tregs on the prognosis of gastric carcinoma patients. Methods : The immunohistochemical staining for anti-fork head Box P3 (FoxP3) antibody was performed by using a 3 mm core from the tumor specimens of each of the 173 gastric cancer patients for constructing a tissue microarray. FoxP3-positive Tregs were quantified by calculating the numbers of positive cells per 5 high-power fields on light microscopy. Thereafter, the 173 patients were subdivided into the low Tregs group (≤ 3/5 high power fields [HPF], n = 41) and the high Tregs group (> 3/5 HPF, n = 132). Results : The high Tregs group was significantly associated with a higher stage, more invasion depth and lymph node metastasis (p = 0.009, p = 0.036, p = 0.006, respectively). The high Tregs group showed significantly poorer overall survival and event-free survival (p = 0.004, p = 0.017, respectively) on the univariate analysis. The Tregs group and the tumor, node and metastasis stage were also independent prognostic factors that were significantly associated with overall survival (p = 0.025, p < 0.001, respectively) by multivariate analysis. Conclusions : Our results indicated that a high number of tumor-infiltrating FoxP3-positive Tregs could be an indicator of poor long term survival for gastric carcinoma patients.


. This paper reflects on the importance of employability skills for higher education students in the present and future working environment to determine the impact these skills may have on student competitiveness and satisfaction. The study focused on university students in the Madrid region during their final academic year who participated in a teaching activity that launched real business challenges. We created a model that analyzed the impact of employability skills on student competitiveness and satisfaction and the mediating role of competitiveness in two different moments (before and during the COVID-19 pandemic). Empirical findings suggest that students' improved employability skills increased their competitiveness and satisfaction, with competitiveness as a mediating factor. Thus, academic authorities must focus on students acquiring employability skills, which are among the most valuable in the labour market and positively impact student competitiveness and satisfaction. This way, future graduates can work successfully in a changing and demanding world and find positions aligned with their training. In contrast to some studies that place the teacher as the research target, ours focused on the student and the impact these skills have on the variables mentioned.


Technology facilitating personal communication is becoming increasingly complex, providing consumers with a variety of choices in terms of connectivity options. Young adults aged between 18 to 34 years are the current and future consumers of today's rapidly developing and changing technological developments. The speed that rapid advances in technology reach the market also contribute to the challenges faced by young adults in their choice of convergent communication options. For researchers the challenge resides in analysing the influences on consumer adoption of new media technologies in a rapidly changing environment where new applications evolve in a matter of months. This study aims to achieve a better understanding of what influences the decision young adults make when selecting a particular converged mobile device, and outlines an online research project currently seeking to determine the role of brand in the purchase decision making process of mobile phone converged technology in Australia.


This research is primarily based on critical paradigm with Gramscian model analysis, theories and concepts of political communication regarding quality of political communication, mass media, and based on Antonio Gramsci's hegemony theory of organizational network alliance, hegemony-counter hegemony, radical feminist, and the mass media with the basis of regional autonomy. This research purpose to analysis the capacity of female in political communication in West Java and Banten Province parliamentary is properly performed among female as individuals, however, it is found that averages of female members in parliament is away from ideal. This situation that shows the lack of political experiences and knowledge among female political representative members implies the predicament of political party in boosting its female members as political and party cadres. This limitation has consequences to the ongoing political communication, patriarchal culture influences, and it shows a reluctant political party in encouraging of female forces. They have problems with the high cost of media publications. In relation with the role of media, it does not mean that the media can be fully counted on of counter hegemony movement. This situation is fundamentally crucial to women as it needs serious concerns to keep struggling for a substantial change.


Thirty-six (20 wethers and 16 rams) adult Gansu highland finewool sheep with an average liveweight of 19.42±1.83 kg were used. The sheep were allocated to 4 treatments and confined in individual feeding stalls. The 80 day feeding trial was divided into 2 periods of 38 and 42 days. The sheep had access to clean water and were fed chopped wheat straw ad libitum. Daily supplemented diets of 150 g for the first period and 200 g for the later period were provided. The 4 types of supplements were: Wheat bran type (I), which is the traditional feeding practice in the area and the control group; Linseed cake type (II); Linseed cake+poultry litter type (III); Poultry litter+distiller grains type (IV). The digestibility trial was conducted using a total collection method at the end of the first period in the feeding trial. The results showed that the digestibilities of DM, OM, CP, CF, NDF and ADF in group II and III were increased to more than 50%. CP and NDF digestibility in group II were significantly increased by 23.6% and 25.5% respectively over group I (p 0.05). Compared to group I, group II and III increased straw intake by 17.6% (p<0.01) and 10.8% (p<0.05). The ADG increased from 16.2 g in groupⅠto 45.3 g and 32.8 g (p<0.01) in group II and III respectively. The ratio of supplement intake to gain decreased from 10.7 in groupⅠto 3.9 and 5.4 (p<0.01) in group II and III respectively. The ratio of supplement cost to gain also decreased by 60.0% and 64.3%, respectively. The wool growth rate and wool strength in these 2 groups were noticeably improved. This significantly enhanced the wool's textile value. The above parameters in group IV were lower than in group I, except the ratio of supplement cost to gain. This research indicates that local low quality nitrogen resources could be used effectively and economically to improve the utilization of wheat straw fed to sheep on smallholder farms under harsh loess plateau conditions in the winter. (Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2002. Vol 15, No. 10 : 1428-1432)


Reverse osmosis desalting technology has been more and more widely used in feed water treatment of boiler in power plants,as it is high efficient,environmental friendly and easy to realize automation.But the reverse osmosis membrane is easy to be contaminated after a period of operation.In this article,contamination types of reverse osmosis membrane are analyzed,on-line cleaning and off-line cleaning is presented,and detailed cleaning method is given.


The I-κB-Kinase (IKK) complex represents a central signaling nexus in the TNF-dependent activation of the pro-inflammatory NF-κB pathway. However, recent studies suggested that the distinct IKK subunits (IKKα, IKKβ, and NEMO) might withhold additional NF-κB-independent functions in inflammation and cancer. Here, we generated mice lacking all three IKK subunits in liver parenchymal cells (LPC) (IKKα/β/NEMOLPC-KO) and compared their phenotype with mice lacking both catalytic subunits (IKKα/βLPC-KO), allowing to functionally dissect putative I-κB-Kinase-independent functions of the regulatory subunit NEMO. We show that the additional deletion of NEMO rescues IKKα/βLPC-KO mice from lethal cholestasis and biliary ductopenia by triggering LPC apoptosis and inducing a strong compensatory proliferation of LPC including cholangiocytes. Beyond this beneficial effect, we show that increased hepatocyte cell-death and compensatory proliferation inhibit the activation of LPC-necroptosis but trigger spontaneous hepatocarcinogenesis in IKKα/β/NEMOLPC-KO mice. Collectively, our data show that free NEMO molecules unbound to the catalytic IKK subunits control LPC programmed cell death pathways and proliferation, cholestasis and hepatocarcinogenesis independently of an IKK-related function. These findings support the idea of different functional levels at which NEMO controls inflammation and cancer in the liver.


The invention discloses a novel intelligent-feeding-control piggery. The novel intelligent-feeding-control piggery comprises a piggery, a rearing trough, a front door, a back door, a plurality of pigs, a front access control identifier, a back access control identifier and access control inductors, wherein the rearing trough and the pigs are arranged inside the piggery, the front door and the back door are respectively arranged at the front and back of the rearing trough, the front access control identifier and the back access control identifier are respectively arranged on the front door and the back door, and the access control inductors are arranged at the heads of the pigs. According to the novel intelligent-feeding-control piggery disclosed by the invention, the pigs approach the front access control identifier when the pigs need to feed, the front access control identifier induces the access control inductors on the pigs and transmits information to a control terminal through a transmission network, and the control terminal decides whether to open the rearing trough to feed the pigs or not according to the information, so that the cost is reduced, and the production efficiency of commercial pigs is increased.


The objective of this study is understand the influence of the teaching ethics of preservice childcare teachers on teacher efficacy and professionalism awareness. In order to achieve the study objective, the questionnaires were distributed to 285 preservice childcare teachers in A city. In the results of the study, first, regarding the teaching ethics perceived by preservice childcare teachers, 'the ethics of infants' were the most highly perceived while the 'teaching strategy' on teacher efficacy, and 'social service' and 'professional ethics' on professionalism awareness were the most highly perceived. Second, preservice childcare teachers' teaching ethics, teacher efficacy, and professionalism awareness had statistically significant correlations. Third, preservice childcare teachers' teaching ethics had positive influence on teacher efficacy and professionalism awareness. Based on the results of this study, in order to improve the quality of the childcare service after understanding the importance of preservice childcare teachers' teaching ethics, it would be necessary to have various researches on the internal stability of the systematic education for childcare teachers to have teacher efficacy and professionalism awareness.


A method includes patterning a metal layer to form a plurality of bottom electrode features, forming a Magnetic Tunnel Junction (MTJ) stack by a line-of-sight deposition process such that a first portion of the MTJ stack is formed on the bottom electrode features, and a second portion of the MTJ stack is formed on a level that is different than a top surface of the bottom electrode features, and performing a removal process to remove the second portion of the MTJ stack while leaving the first portion of the MTJ stack substantially intact.


A simplified, physically intuitive model of diffuse scattering of radio waves from a rough ocean surface is used to derive first- and second-order cross sections essentially in agreement with the standard expressions.


Abstract Wildlife populations on Amami Island, Japan, have been affected by forest clear-felling and the introduction of alien species, in particular the mongoose Herpestes auropunctatus. We used monitoring data collected over 24 years to track changes in the population sizes of five species of mammals and 20 species of birds. We assigned species to the following groups: indigenous, rare, insectivorous, negatively affected by forest clear-cutting, and negatively affected by mongoose invasion. We examined trends in each group at four time points between 1985 and 2010 using two methods: species abundance estimates and the Living Planet Index. We then assessed the usefulness of these methods as tools for conservation planning. Inspecting species individually we identified four main patterns of abundance change: (a) an increase from the first to the last census period, (b) an increase in all periods except 2009–2010, (c) a decrease from 1985–1986 to 2001–2002 but an increase in 2009–2010, and (d) a decrease in all census periods. We observed certain relationships between these patterns and the species groups assigned as above. According to the Living Planet Index the group negatively affected by forest clear-cutting did not show significant recovery and the groups of rare species and species negatively affected by mongoose recovered to c. 40% of the original level after a sharp decline during 1985–2002. The Living Planet Index is a more useful tool for assessing the urgency of particular conservation needs, although limited information on species abundance reduces its representativeness for some groups.


Stunting prevalence in Indonesia is 37,2%, whereas in Bandar Lampung City is 44,6% and in Kemiling District is 39,6%. This study was to determine the risk factors associated with children nutritional status (TB/U) in Beringin Jaya, Kemiling. This analytical survey research was using cross-sectional design. Population in this study were 1141 toddlers, and 88 as respondents. Cluster Sampling was used to determine the respondents. Data was analyzed Univariate and Bivariate. This research was conducted in Beringin Jaya, Kemiling. The result showed that 19 toddlers (21.6%) were identified stunting and 69 (78.4%) toddlers were normal. There was no correlation between energy intake with nutritional status (TB/U) with p-value=0,175. There was a correlation between protein intake with nutritional status (TB/U) with p-value=0,022. There was no correlation between exclusive breastfeeding and nutritional status (TB/U) with p-value=0.758. There was no correlation between mother's knowledge of nutritional status (TB/U) with value p-value=1,000. It was suggested that Public Health Centers and Integrated Service Center should improve its activities that related with Exclusive Breastfeeding through counseling and Breastfeeding food demonstration to society, especially mothers, the knowledge of healthy and nutritious breastfeeding food for children. It was also suggested that Public Health Centers and Integrated Service Center should improve its activities on the importance of the golden period of 1000 days, especially for childbearing age women and pregnant women in order to reduce the risk of stunting.


This article reviews the status and content of ABLEDATA, a database that indexes products useful to persons with disabilities. The various methods of accessing ABLEDATA are described, including the availability of Hyper-ABLEDATA, the new desktop version of the database for Macintosh computers.


An Integer Linear Programming (ILP) represents a mathematical formulation of an optimization problem. It means that a linear objective function which has to be minimized or maximized subject to linear constraint. The dicision variables have to be integer and the solution has to fulfill all constraint. Methods of Direct Search for solving the Car Sequencing Problem (CarSP) are solved using an Integer Linear Program (ILP). The process of scheduling vehicles along a production line has to take several constraints into account which are defined by the body shop, the paint shop and the assembly shop. A Direct Search is helping practice job in car sequencing problem. Direct search methods are affective option for variaties of difficult optimization problems.


A Will Rice College team member being assisted on his bicycle during the Beer Bike event. Two runners are visible to the left and right of the image, one running towards the camera and the other away. Original resource is a color 35 mm slide.


Multinational advantages applied to NGOs have received scant attention in the IB literature. This paper provides an exploration of this advantage to an affiliate by looking at when receiving suppor...


The present text represents an attempt to understand the existing theories in the field of the art applied to the education and its main proposals. To the effort to articulate the field of the art with the one of the education the name of Arte-Education has been given. Expression is prevented Artistic Education to move away theoretical confusions to it: many times in its name are defended activities where it does not have the lesser respect to the artistic methods, because supposedly it searches educative and not it aesthetic. For Arte-Education the education of art in its double aspect of artistic education and aesthetic education is understood. It is understood on artistic education when making art, the art object production, and for aesthetic education the appreciation and enjoyment of art.


The article shows how Polish writers at the turn of the 20th and the 21st centuries problematized
the subject of the political transformation and – more broadly – of the country's social reality after
1989. The category of purifi cation, which is key to the entire argument, refers in the above-outlined
context to the tendency to reject and purify the most disappointing manifestations of the social reality
of regained independence. This issue is presented within the framework of the Hegelian approach
to the problem of freedom, the psychoanalytic theory of melancholy, and the diagnoses formulated
by Jean Baudrillard and Alain Badiou.


This study aimed to assess and enhance the procurement practices of MM Steel Service Center Corporation by evaluating the existing procurement practices implemented by the company as well as its internal control. The benchmarking of procurement practices with other steel companies together with the internal control was used to gauge the competiveness of the client-company to qualify as a world class entity. The consideration of the quality control practices, participation of customers and suppliers, and utilization of the secondary data took part in the study.


Contrary to some published assertions, various historical and philological data make it abundantly clear that the so-called "mysterious" Mascouten were a separate Algonquian group who lived in the Upper Great Lakes area until the beginning of the 19th century. The Mascouten were a semi-sedentary Algonquian tribe that lived in the Old Northwest in the early historic period. They moved from southern Michigan to the southern Wisconsin-northern Illinois area, and eventually to northwestern Indiana where they amalgamated with the Kickapoo after 1800. Their obscurity and relatively early disappearance as a separate entity have given rise to a series of attempts to identify them with some other group or groups. As a result, the question of the "identity" of the "mysterious Mascouten(s)" has been a recurring theme in ethnohistorical accounts of the Upper Great Lakes area. However, a reconsideration of the evidence seems to leave little doubt that the Mascouten were a separate central Algonquian group and not to be explained away as really somebody else. This conclusion parallels the assumption of, for example, J. G. Shea (in Schoolcraft 1851-57:IV:294-5), Louise Phelps Kellogg (1925) and Wayne Temple (1958:156-72), and no particular novelty can be claimed for it. But since opposing views continue to appear (e.g. Brose 1971), a rehearsal of the case might be helpful. The first firm unmistakable attestation of the existence of the Mascouten derives from a map (here referred to as "The Lost Huron Map") which is known directly only from a list of the tribal names appearing on it that was entered in the Jesuit Relation for 1640 (Thwaites 18961901:XVIII:230-4). A comparison of these names and their sequence with the Sanson maps (Sanson 1650, 1656, 1657) makes it clear that the Lost 123 ETHNOHSTORY 19/2 (Spring 1972) This content downloaded from 184.108.40.206 on Tue, 28 Jun 2016 05:52:41 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms


In recent years, attackers use communication defects among different applications to trigger malicious attack behaviors, we name it combination attack of Android applications. Combination attack of Android applications is researched in depth, but there are still some shortcomings in the research findings. Because the combination attack of Android applications involves several applications, it is more hidden than general attack and the detection scheme for single application is not suitable. Based on these, this paper proposes a combination attack of Android applications analysis scheme based on privacy leak. Firstly, detecting the risk components of applications and then extracting the associated applications. Moreover, we establish privacy leak paths of the associated applications. Based on these, we can find the applications that involve in combination attack. The experimental result shows that this scheme can analyze the combination attack of Android applications effectively.


This paper presents design and characterization results of an ultra-compact SP4T antenna switch fabricated in 3.3V CMOS thick-film SOI. Through "layout-driven" circuit design a small die size of 0.53 mm2 was achieved for a fully integrated switch die containing RF-section, I/O pads, ESD, decoder, level shifters and negative vss charge pump.


The synchronised and calibrated measurement system consisting of thermobalance coupled with mass spectrometer was used in the study of sewage sludge pyrolysis. A sample of dried and sieved sewage sludge had been mixed with mineral additives (calcium oxide or dolomite) in different proportions and then heated up to 1000°C with constant heating rate in the atmosphere of argon. The aim of this work was to compare the thermal decomposition of sewage sludge with and without addition of catalyst and to qualitatively describe phenomena occurred. Adding of CaO or dolomite to the sludge sample we achieved: decrease of residual mass and tars production, an increase of CO and H2 amount.


This study presents a method to solve the dynamic model of a grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) inverter with battery energy storage. A three-phase grid-connected solar-battery system is studied using small-signal state-space modelling in the synchronously rotating dq-reference frame. The combined effect of a PV generator and a bi-directional dc–dc battery charger (BC) on the inverter dynamic behaviour is analysed. It is shown that the characteristic right-half-plane pole in the PV inverter's dc-link voltage control dynamics shifts to a lower frequency when the BC is connected, which improves the stability of the system and allows a lower bandwidth for the dc-link voltage control.


The mal -operation of the current transformer (CT) caused by super - saturation when badly mal-functions occur is analyzed in details by combining with the practical cases, and the testing method of error 10% for simple CT is put forward, which is worth referencing to avoid the protective mal -operation of CT re-sulted from super - saturation in the paper.