We demonstrate the impact of the intermediate hydrogen plasma treatment of intrinsic amorphous silicon layer in silicon heterojunction solar cells (SHJ). After deposition of the first layer of intrinsic amorphous hydrogenated silicon with a thickness of 5–6 nm hydrogen plasma treatment allows passivation of defects in the layer and, due to surface hydrogenation, creates conditions for defect-free growth of the next layer to a total thickness of 10 nm. The lifetime of minority charge carriers increases from 2 to 5 ms in comparison with base process. The parameters of hydrogen plasma treatment are determined, which makes it possible to increase the surface passivation quality by the layers of intrinsic hydrogenated amorphous silicon in the production of high-efficiency solar cells. The process is useful for fabrication of high performance SHJ solar cells.


Ischemic heart failure (HF) is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality in the world-wide, but sex-specific predictors of mortality in elderly patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICMP) have been poorly studied. A total of 536 patients with ICMP over 65 years-old (77.8 ± 7.1 years, 283 males) were followed for a mean of 5.4 years. The development of death during clinical follow up was evaluated, and predictors of mortality were compared. Death was developed in 137 patients (25.6%); 64 females (25.3%) vs. 73 males (25.8%). Low-ejection fraction was only an independent predictor of mortality in ICMP, regardless of sex (HR 3.070 CI = 1.708–5.520 in female, HR 2.011, CI = 1.146–3.527 in male). Diabetes (HR 1.811, CI = 1.016–3.229), elevated e/e' (HR 2.479, CI = 1.201–5.117), elevated pulmonary artery systolic pressure (HR 2.833, CI = 1.197–6.704), anemia (HR 1.860, CI = 1.025–3.373), beta blocker non-use (HR2.148, CI = 1.010–4.568), and angiotensin receptor blocker non-use (HR 2.100, CI = 1.137–3.881) were bad prognostic factors of long term mortality in female, whereas hypertension (HR 1.770, CI = 1.024–3.058), elevated Creatinine (HR 2.188, CI = 1.225–3.908), and statin non-use (HR 3.475, CI = 1.989–6.071) were predictors of mortality in males with ICMP independently. Systolic dysfunction in both sexes, diastolic dysfunction, beta blocker and angiotensin receptor blockers in female, and statins in males have important roles for long-term mortality in elderly patients with ICMP. For improving long-term survival in elderly patients with ICMP, it may be necessary to approach sex specifically.


Colander and Freedman use their story of the Chicago School's abandonment of classical liberalism as a way to get at their fundamental argument, which is about the failure of American economics generally to maintain appreciation for both economic science and the art of economic policy. Economists, the authors argue, have subsumed art within science in the effort to turn economics into an applied policy science. The focus on the Chicago School emerges from Craig Freedman's extensive familiarit...


This article proposed the Countryside Idea in the process of the New Rural Construction, under the idea elaborated the modern countryside mode of production, the life style and the rural industry construction and the rural town construction, and analyzed the ecological benefit and the economic returns if this idea would be implemented in the New Rural Construction.


Background : It is quite obvious that population of new Hodgkin's disease (HD) patients is heterogeneous in terms of clinical characteristics. Therefore stratification of patients is necessary to select appropriate treatment regimen. It was shown that new lymphoma patient population is heterogeneous in terms of base-line QoL (Novik A et al, 2003). The aim of the study was to identify if new HD patients are heterogeneous in terms of QoL and to stratify patients using QoL parameters. Patients and methods: 114 new HD patients (stage IIB-IV, mean age 30.2 (SD 13.5), males/females - 55/59) were enrolled in the study. Patients filled in EORTC QLQ-C30 at baseline. The method of integral profiles (MIP) was used to calculate integral QoL index (IQL), the coefficient of QoL deformation (CQLD) and the index of symptom severity (ISS). The above indexes were used for stratification by the cluster analysis (Ward method, percent of cases correctly classified - 98.25%). Discriminant analysis was performed for stratification testing. Results: Three groups of HD patients were identified after stratification. IQL, CQLD and ISS were as follows: subgroup 1 (n=5, mean age 40.8 (22.9), male/female 1/4) − 0.04, 1.7, 0.17; subgroup 2 (n=47, mean age 34.3 (14.5), male/female 23/24) − 0.35, 0.62, 0.09; subgroup 3 (n=62; mean age 26.0 (9.7); male/female 31/31) − 0.74, 0.24, 0.01. Group 1 has the worst QoL and is characterized by low IQL, pronounced symptoms and high deformation of QoL profile. Group 3 has the best QoL with high IQL, weak symptoms and low deformation of QoL profile. Group 2 has intermediate values of above parameters. Differences between groups were significant (p Conclusion: The method of integral profiles to obtain the integral QoL index and the coefficient of QoL deformation in HD patients is proposed. Stratification of new HD patients by cluster analysis resulted in three patient subgroups according to their QoL data. Identification of subgroups of HD patients on the basis of their QoL has a good potential for better stratification of new HD patients and in doing so might be used for improvement of the intervention strategies.


Aldama, A.A. A. I. Ramirez "Hydrograph parameterization through the use of Hermitian interpolation". Hydraulic Engineering in Mexico (in Spanish) Vol. XIII. Num. pages September-December, Hydrograph parameterization is useful in the definition of design floods. Thus, various parameterizations have been proposed in the literature. Nevertheless, their application to the representation of naturally occurring hydrographs is restricted by a number of limitations. This has motivated the authors to develop a polynomial parameterization based on the use of hermitian interpolants, whose main properties are derivative continuity up to a certain order and volume invariance. Such properties are demonstrated in this papel: The procedure is applied to define the form of a synthetic unit hydrograph and to represent a recorded single peak hydrograph.


2015 is a crucial year to prove cost and quality as a Medicare provider. Here's what you need to know to avoid financial penalties down the line.


Effective pharmacotherapy for heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (HFpEF) is still unclear. Sleep‐disordered breathing (SDB) causes cardiovascular dysfunction, giving rise to factors involved in HFpEF. However, it remains unclear whether adaptive servo‐ventilation (ASV) improves cardiovascular function and long‐term prognosis of patients with HFpEF and SDB.


Abstract : This paper develops a model for determining the combat readiness of an Army Battalion and investigates the problem of automating this task. The central problem is one of classification and the domain is that of military readiness in United States Army Battalions, but it could be applied to a wide variety of problems with only minor modifications. The problem is simply defined but very difficult to solve. It is first necessary to understand the current method for evaluating unit readiness and the problems associated with it. Readiness reports are called Unit Status Reports (USRs) in the Army, and are conducted at the Battalion level. Each service has a different report with its own problems. I will address only the Army's method. Battalions are the lowest level of organization in the Army that is considered able to support its own operations and is probably the highest level where commanders are fully aware of the condition of the unit. It consists of three to eight hundred soldiers with equipment dependent on its mission, i.e., Aviation, Armor, Infantry, or Administration. Table i-i compares a few typical battalions. As Table 1-1 shows, battalions are highly unique depending on their mission. What is important for an Administration Battalion might not be important for an Armor Battalion. Commands located above Battalion level are not pure, i.e., they may contain different types of units. This makes it difficult to report a consistent readiness above battalion level. The purity of battalions and their potential for independent operations make them an obvious level for status reports. Each month the battalion's key personnel gather information from a variety of sources, analyze it in examinating detail, and determine the combat readiness of the unit on a scale of 1 to 5.


Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to examine various methods of payment and foreign-exchange risk management among firms involved in either export or import trade only, or both in Brunei Darussalam. The paper also seeks to delineate the relationship(s) between various characteristics of firms such as number of years in business, size, and frequency of imports, and various methods of payment and foreign-exchange risk management by the firms. Design/methodology/approach - Judgment and snowball sampling methods are employed to collect data from the companies. The results are analyzed from a total sample of 42 responding firms. Descriptive statistics is used to present and analyze the data. Findings - The paper highlights the various important methods currently used for both payment, and foreign-exchange risk management in foreign trade by firms. It also mentions the methods that are used to lesser extent by importers and exporters in the country. Furthermore, various relationship(s) between either number of years in business, or size, or frequency of imports with various methods of payment, and foreign-exchange risk management among firms are also highlighted in the paper. Research limitations/implications - The results are basically from the various trading companies involved in foreign trade in Brunei Darussalam. Originality/value - This paper contributes to the existing literature of international business and finance. It fills the gap in the existing literature about current practices prevalent in the country. Furthermore, recommendations are made to enhance the methods of payment and foreign-exchange risk management practices among firms. The findings may also be useful for financial institutions interested in providing hedging products and services to the firms.


The present invention refers to a method for reducing methanogenesis in ruminants, comprising the step of administering to the ruminant a feed composition containing flavanone glycosides.


An inner-bioreactor rapid filtration sampling probe was designed to resolve the problems of continuous sampling the fermentation broth in on-line measurement the fermentation process. The probe consists of a support,a plug valve,an O-ring,a filter membrane and a pipe cover. It can be inserted directly into the bio-reactor withstanding high-temperature sterilization before fermentation,or preventing the bacteria's invasion during sampling. Fermentation broth in tank is cross-flow filtrated by a cylindrical ceramic membrane which is used as filtration membrane,and then the sterile permeated liquid is transported to the analyzer by a peristaltic pump. The sampling experiments using this device was described for sampling glucose solution indicating it is suitable for fermentation online sampling. The sampling rate is up to 3. 0 mL / min,glucose permeability maintains 100%,and the delay time caused by the probe is about 2 min.


This paper formalizes a non-cooperative explanation for pre-merger price increases. When consumers face switching costs, firms have strong incentives to offer bargain prices to lock in consumers whom they can exploit in the future. A future merger reduces a firm's incentive to gain current market share, however, because the firm anticipates sharing future profits. Focusing on near-term profit, it chooses pre-merger prices higher than prices absent a merger. This obtains for both horizontally related and unrelated merging partners. Mergers are profitable in both cases. Price dynamics depend on the horizontal relationship. These results have implications for empirical work on mergers.


The effects of season and tuber size on dry matter and starch contents of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas(L.) Lam.) were studied during the wet season of 2009 (June – November) and the dry season of 2010 (November 2009 April, 2010). Ten clones of the sweet potato, TIS.8164, TIS.44R168, TIS.86/0356, Wada Bolige, TIS.2532.OP.I.13, TIS.8441, Ex-Oyunga, NASPORT 5, TIS.87/0087 and ExIgbariam, were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The experiment was carried out at the research farm of the National Root Crops Research Institute, Kuru, Plateau State in north-central Nigeria (09 o 44'N, 08 o 47'E; altitude 1, 293.2 m above sea level).Results showed that in both wet and dry seasons, the highest dry matter in small tubers was recorded in the clone Wada Bolige while the lowest was observed in the clone TIS.86/0356. In the large tubers, dry matter was highest in the clone Ex-Oyunga in both seasons. More dry matter was accumulated during the dry than during the wet season. In both seasons, the starch content was highest in the clone TIS.86/0356 and lowest in the clone TIS.2532.OP.I.13. Starch content was generally higher in the small than in the large tubers. The specific gravity in the clone TIS.2532.OP.I.13 (1.10590) differed significantly from that of clone TIS.44R168 (1.09469). A linear positive relationship was observed between the specific gravity and the dry matter content during the wet season. The relationships between the specific gravity and starch content as well as between the dry matter and starch content were positive in both seasons. The cultivation of sweet potato clones with small tubers, preferably during the dry season, may be considered if high dry matter and starch contents are the primary purpose of cultivation in the Jos-Plateau environment.


VO2 is a widely studied thermochromic material for smart windows. In this work, we comprehensively studied optical responses of VO2 -based multilayer structures. It is discovered that one-layer antireflection layer is capable of effectively enhancing both luminous transmittance (T lum ) and solar transmittance (T sol ), solar spectrum modulation (ΔT sol ) is however quite moderate. Employing a two-top-layer strategy further improves the optical performance of VO2 , especially with an increase of ΔT sol from 0.068 to 0.082. Remarkably, combining a layer with an index of 2.2 at the VO2 /glass interface continues to enhance the optical performance, leading to the highest T lum and ΔT sol among the investigated multilayer structures. Compared to the base structure of VO2 /glass, it contributes to a relative enhancement of 26.4% (from 0.435 to 0.550) for T lum ( ), 35.3% (from 0.362 to 0.490) for T lum (>τc ), and 71.7% (from 0.060 to 0.103) for ΔT sol .


PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES
To describe the expectations and experiences of patients entering phase I clinical trials.

DESIGN
Descriptive, exploratory, prospective.

SETTING
A large military medical teaching center.

SAMPLE
Thirty-seven adult patients completed the entry and exit interviews. Subjects had a good performance status, were middle aged, and had common tumor types.

METHODS
Interviews using structured entry and exit questionnaires.

MAIN RESEARCH VARIABLES
Expectations and experiences of patients in phase I clinical trials.

FINDINGS
Patients expected slightly increased support from family members and received more support than expected. Patients' expectations for tumor response and increased communication with their physician were not met. Patients expected symptoms such as fatigue, nausea and vomiting, and weight loss to improve during therapy, yet their expectations were not met.

CONCLUSIONS
One theme that emerged from the data was hope/optimism. An issue that needs further exploration is the extent to which patients accurately understand information in the consent form. Findings also support the importance of communication between the patient and family members and the healthcare team.

IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE
Oncology nurses can mediate the flow of information between physicians and patients. Oncology nurses can and should assess the patient's level of understanding of the clinical trial, the consent form, and potential side effects at the time of entry into the trial and intermittently during the course of therapy. Nurses must allow patients with cancer who are undergoing investigational therapy to maintain a level of hope, while realistically counseling them about their progress during phase I trial participation.


Abstract The low-temperature fluorination of a range of insulating alkaline earth cuprates Sr 2− x A x CuO 3 ( A =Ca (0≤ x ≤2); A =Ba (0≤ x ≤0.6)) can result in superconducting oxide fluorides Sr 2− x A x CuO 2 F 2+ δ . In contrast, conventional high-temperature solid–state reactions produce thermodynamically more stable mixtures of oxides and fluorides. Various soft-chemistry fluorination pathways (utilizing F 2 gas, NH 4 F, M F 2 [ M =Cu, Zn, Ni, Ag]) are compared with respect to their efficacy and mechanisms. Attention is also focused on the structural features of the mixed-oxide precursor and the final-oxide fluorides to highlight the remarkable structural rearrangements that occur during the low-temperature fluorination. The effects of fluorination of other Sr–Cu–O systems are used to identify the structural requirements of the precursor oxide in order to achieve such transformations.


This paper presents a probabilistic methodology to assess the risk of wind plants tripping due to faults in the transmission network. The proposed approach combines Monte-Carlo simulation with the "zone of vulnerability" concept to calculate the expected number of wind farm disconnections, considering uncertainty in both the composition of load and its representative parameters and the failure rate of transmission lines. Detailed dynamic simulations are conducted to accurately trace voltage excursion at the point of interconnection. The results of these simulations can be used to properly evaluate the possibility of a wind plant being disconnected when a fault in the grid occurs. Loads are represented by a composite load model, which includes induction motors, constant-MVA load, static models with voltage-sensitive representation, and other special loads. The parameters of the load model as well as the failure rate of transmission lines are treated as random variables with a normal distribution. Numerical examples on a generic power system model were performed to demonstrate the proposed approach. Each analysis was conducted for different fault ride-through characteristics and wind farm locations. The proposed methodology can be used for different purposes. For example, it could be applied to provide technical justification for the adoption of a particular fault ride-through standard, or it could be applied to evaluate the impact of older wind plants on system reliability to assess the need to retrofit them to comply with more restrictive fault ride-though requirements.


Scour is one of the most important problems lead to submarine pipeline failure. In this paper, several scour monitoring techniques based on active thermometry method was introduced. Firstly, DS18B20 digital temperature sensor was used to monitor the surface heat change pattern in the heating process in different media like sand and water. The test results validated the feasibility of the active thermometry method. Then, the submarine pipeline scour monitoring system based on Brillouin distributed optical fiber sensing technique was developed. Due to the high cost of monitoring system of distributed Brillouin fiber optical sensing technology. In order to reduce costs, common armed fiber optic cable was used as both heating and sensing unit, and Raman sensing with relatively lower cost was utilized for distributed temperature sensing for scour monitoring. Laboratory test results shown there is good potential of active thermometry method for scour monitoring in practical field.


Aims:  Functional roles of calcium‐activated potassium channels on the mechanical activity of epicardial coronary arteries obtained from a canine model of diabetes were investigated.


Momentum-Exchange/Electrodynamic-Reboost tether facilities can form the infrastructure for a fullyreusable low-cost in-space transportation architecture. Several technical challenges must be met to enable tether transport systems to be fielded, including development of rapid AR&C capabilities and techniques for building and controlling the tether facilities. A tether transport system to carry frequent traffic between Earth, the Moon, and Mars can be developed in a modular, incremental fashion, in which each component can generate revenue to fund the development of the rest of the system, much as the first railroads were developed. The initial Tether Boost Facility would be sized for launch on a single large rocket vehicle, and would be designed to immediately service traffic to GEO. The capacity of this facility could then be built incrementally, and additional tether facilities deployed to handle Earth-to-Orbit Assist, LEOóLunar Surface round-trip travel, and deployment of manned Mars bases.


Automatic control is present in most industrial applications and engineering. The automatic control practice with the physical implementation of the controller is a major issue to be covered in undergraduate/graduate engineering course, and those issues dealing with subjects such as automation, control, electromechanics, mechatronics, manufacturing, and robotics which should be included in their curricula. The contribution of this work is the development of an open core of a three‐time controller under FPGA technology applied in a standard control course, allowing students to have a real‐time control implementation with technological independence and high level of integration. The combination of both, theory and practice is important. Thus, this course's proposal develops the theoretical bases in practical form. The opportunity to control a servomotor demands students with area proficiency, which is reflected in a project development. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 21:E132–E140, 2013


B and Q are two putative species of the Bemisia tabaci complex (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), and are among the most invasive and destructive pests of crops and horticultural plants worldwide. In China, Q predominates and is displacing B. Although researchers have proposed that the higher capacity of Q to utilize host plants plays an important role in its replacement of B, there are few relevant field surveys and experimental studies. The difference in host assessment between B and Q in multiple‐choice rather than in no‐choice situations may be essential to understanding the displacement. Here, we compared settling and oviposition preferences, and adult and nymph performance, for the putative species B and Q of the B. tabaci complex on three common host species: poinsettia [Euphorbia pulcherrima Wild. ex Klotsch (Euphorbiaceae)], cotton [Gossypium hirsutum L. (Malvaceae)], and cabbage [Brassica oleracea L. (Brassicaceae)]. Although the preferred hosts for settling and oviposition were the same as those that supported maximum fitness (adult longevity, fecundity, and nymph survivorship), these hosts differed between B and Q. When given a choice, B preferred to settle and oviposit on cabbage over poinsettia and cotton, whereas Q preferred to settle and oviposit on poinsettia and cotton over cabbage. In a no‐choice experiment, adult longevity, fecundity, and nymphal survival for B were greater on cabbage than on poinsettia and cotton, but the opposite was true for Q.


We use time-delayed, counter-rotating, circularly polarized few-cycle attosecond nonoverlapping pulses to study the temporal coherent control of the resonant process of two-photon double ionization (TPDI) of hydrogen molecule via doubly excited states for pulse propagation direction along $\stackrel{\ifmmode \hat{}\else \^{}\fi{}}{\mathbf{k}}$ either parallel or perpendicular to the molecular axis $\stackrel{\ifmmode \hat{}\else \^{}\fi{}}{\mathbf{R}}$. For $\stackrel{\ifmmode \hat{}\else \^{}\fi{}}{\mathbf{k}}\ensuremath{\parallel}\stackrel{\ifmmode \hat{}\else \^{}\fi{}}{\mathbf{R}}$ and a pulse carrier frequency of 36 eV resonantly populating the ${Q}_{2}^{1}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Pi}}_{u}^{+}(1)$ doubly excited state as well as other $^{1}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Pi}}_{u}^{+}$ doubly excited states, we find that the indirect ionization pathway through these doubly excited states changes the character of the kinematical vortex-shaped momentum distribution produced by the two direct ionization pathways from fourfold to twofold rotational symmetry. This result is similar to what found in TPDI of the He atom involving $^{1}P_{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1}^{o}$ doubly excited states [Ngoko Djiokap and Starace, J. Opt. 19, 124003 (2017)]; however, angular distributions exhibiting a quantum beat effect between the ground state and a doubly excited state seen for the He atom are observed here for its molecular counterpart with an anomaly in shape and magnitude, not in frequency. The sixfold differential probability integrated over the azimuthal angle of the photoelectron pair shows that this anomaly is due to autoionization decays and quantum beats between doubly excited states. For $\stackrel{\ifmmode \hat{}\else \^{}\fi{}}{\mathbf{k}}\ensuremath{\perp}\stackrel{\ifmmode \hat{}\else \^{}\fi{}}{\mathbf{R}}$ and a broadband pulse carrier frequency of 30 eV populating the ${Q}_{1}^{1}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Pi}}_{u}^{+}(1)$, ${Q}_{1}^{1}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}_{u}^{+}(1)$, ${Q}_{2}^{1}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Pi}}_{u}^{+}(1)$, and ${Q}_{1}^{1}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}_{u}^{+}(2)$ doubly excited states, the momentum distribution is shown to exhibit dynamical electron vortices with four spiral arms, which originates from the interplay between the $^{1}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}_{g}^{+}$, $^{1}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Pi}}_{g}^{+}$, and $^{1}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}_{g}^{+}$ dynamical ionization amplitudes. Our treatment within either the adiabatic-nuclei approximation or fixed-nuclei approximation shows that the latter provides a very good account for this correlated process.


The purpose of this study was through careful examination of scientific articles examining the types of occupational therapy interventions available for adults with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity ...


Himalayan Alpine pasture occurs at high altitude mountains in between the tree line and perpetual snow line. These constitute one of the important land cover. These pastures contain very good grasses and medicinal plants thus traditionally tribal people depend on these pastures for grazing their animals during summer. 75% of the total alpine pastures in Himalayan region are situated in Himachal Pradesh.The alpine pasture of Himachal Pradesh provides a matchless wealth of highly priced medicinal, aromatic plants and known as a natural reservoir of these herbs. In alpine pasture and meadows due to continuous loss of forest land, uncontrolled grazing and irregular exploitation of medicinal herbs by commercial enterprises have resulted in depletion of valuable medicinal plants used since ancient times. There are many medicinal plants which have become rare in several tracts while a few others have fallen in the list of endangered species. Therefore it has been felt that there is an urgent need for ex-situ and in-situ conservation of these valuable and threatened species.


Materials technology co-optimization (MTCO) modeling is used for the first time to simulate Performance-Power-Area (PPA) benefits of self-aligned gate contact (SAGC) technology. We also demonstrate a process flow to integrate novel CMOS compatible materials and processes to enable SAGC at the 3nm node and below.


DRPbind predicts three components: deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) binding, ribonucleic acid (RNA) binding and protein-binding residues of query protein sequences. DRPbind utilizes independent sources of information encoded for each component predictor and relies on the information-rich profiles of protein evolutionary-based features, protein physicochemical-based features, and protein structural-based features. DRPbind employs protein profile-based features extracted from the bigrams of PSSM and HMM profiles. It also extracts features from physicochemical and structural attributes. DRPbind takes primary protein sequences as input, and through the Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier, it provides the binding prediction. DRPbind is optimized based on a specific binding type and shown superior performance in terms of simultaneously predicting the DNA-binding, RNA-binding and protein-binding residues. The source code is available at https://github.com/roneshsharma/DNA-RNA-Protein-Binding/wiki


A study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of activated sludge process for the treatment of tannery wastewater in a lab scale model under local conditions. Wastewater was collected from chromium stage, Elmontazah tannery, Ein Elsira tanneries, Cairo, Egypt. The reactor was operated with the activated sludge process under batch mode using a tannery wastewater as feed. A lab scale model comprised of primary sedimentation tank (5 L), aeration tank (5 L) and final clarifier (5 L). The model was operated continuously for 120 hours of contact. The pH of wastewater was firstly adjusted till pH 6.5 to enhance biosorption capacity. The wastewater samples of the effluent were analyzed after time interval 2h, 6h, 12h, 24h, 48h, 72h, 96h and finally 120 h to find process efficiency. Results of the study demonstrated that the removal efficiency of about 98.3% and 98.4% for BOD5 (Biological Oxygen Demand) and COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) respectively, could be obtained under a HRT of 120 h. Results were also showed decrease in chromium ion, ammonia nitrogen, phosphorous and oil & grease concentrations up to 99.3%, 98.8%, 98.6% and 99.1%, respectively. Results were also showed decrease in the color absorbance. Activated sludge was characterized using SEM examination with EDAX analysis and FT-IR technique. The kinetic coefficients k (maximum substrate utilization rate), Ks (half velocity constant), Y(cell yield coefficient) and Kd (decay coefficient) were found to be 1.2 day -1 , 209 mg/L, 0.18 and 0.039 day -1 , respectively. These coefficients may be utilized for the design of activated sludge process facilities for tannery wastewater.


nal tribunals prevent mass atrocities and other gross human rights abuses? According to Jack Snyder of Columbia University and Leslie Vinjamuri of Georgetown University, recent tribunals such as those convened to prosecute war crimes in Yugoslavia and Central Africa "have utterly failed to deter subsequent abuses." In contrast, amnesties and truth commissions have succeeded largely because they solicit cooperation from powerful actors with vested interests in the outcome. Snyder and Vinjamuri maintain that preventing atrocities and strengthening respect for the law often require "striking politically expedient bargains that create effective coalitions to contain the power of potential perpetrators of abuses." This pragmatic approach, the authors argue, is key to the establishment of a norm-governed political order and effective administrative institutions. Karen Ruth Adams of Louisiana State University lays out the technological causes of offense, defense, and deterrence dominance and assesses the ability of these factors to explain attack and conquest among great powers and nuclear states from 1800 to 1997. According to Adams, "this technological argument is a signiacant predictor of both conquest and attack." She discusses the signiacance of her andings for many issues, including the likelihood of nuclear states attacking and conquering nonnuclear states as well as the spread of nuclear weapons. In the arst of two articles on biological weapons and the bioterrorist threat, Gregory Koblentz of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology discusses the international security implications of biological weapons and the strategic consequences of their proliferation. Noting that previous studies have focused on assessing the potential lethality of these weapons, Koblentz expands his examination to include the role of biological weapons on four other key areas of concern: proliferation, deterrence, civil-military relations, and threat assessment. Koblentz looks at the inouence of secrecy in all four areas and offers the following insight: not only does secrecy hinder veriacation; it also weakens deterrence, impedes civilian oversight, and complicates threat assessments. Kendall Hoyt of Harvard University and Stephen Brooks of Dartmouth College examine the linkage between economic globalization and the threat of biological weapons. Contrary to those who argue that economic globalization increases vulnerability to a bioterrorist threat—and for this reason should be restricted—Hoyt and Brooks contend that globalization is a "double-edged sword" that has the potential to increase but also decrease levels of vulnerability—for example, by facilitating the development of vaccines. With this in mind, the authors propose the creation of an international bioEditors' Note


An epizootic was induced by introduction of Leucoma salicis nucleopolyhedrovirus (LesaM- NPV) into satin moth (L. salicis) population feeding on poplar Populus nigra L. Introduction of LesaM- NPV virus at a rate 4 x 10 2 of inclusion bodies per tree into insect population (stage L3 and L4) resulted in a rapid outbreak collapse both in the peak and early decline phases. A rate of epizootic development depended on healthiness of satin moth larvae before the treatment. Insect population with a high level of nucleopolyhedrovirus (app. 21% and 26% infected insects) reached the epizootic peak on the 18 th day after the treatment (85% and 86% infected insects). Induced epizootic resulted in the decline phase of L. salicis population that continued for subsequent 6 years. Accidental occurrence of fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. extended the population decline phase for the period of at least 8 years. Induced epizootic caused a rapid collapse of satin moth outbreak with direct transition from the population peak phase into the population collapse phase with omission of the decline phase. This pattern was not observed in not treated populations. Artificially induced epizootics affected healthiness of insect pupae and adults as well the reproductive potential of females and healthiness of offspring. The weight of pupae obtained from treated larvae was lower when compared with the control. Virus infections were found more frequently in female pupae than in male pupae. This resulted in a 6-28 fold decrease of the number of egg masses and 3.5-5 times lower numbers of eggs deposited by females. Offspring of infected pairs showed symptoms of viral infection (15-28% infected larvae) and the number of offspring was 70-800 times lower in comparison with offspring of not infected pairs. This study presents the results of induced epizootic and has been the first attempt to review and sum up results of long-term research on evaluation of nucleopolyhedrovirus efficacy in natural conditions.


Introduction and Objectives: Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is a highly contagious, immunosuppressive disease of young chicken. Affected birds manifest with depression, ruffled feathers, diarrhoea, and reduced appetite. The causative agent of IBD is infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) of the genus Avibirnavirus in the familyBirnaviridae. IBDV genome consists of two segments of double stranded RNA that encodes five viral proteins, VP1 to VP5. Out of two IBDV serotypes, only serotype 1 is pathogenic in chicken, which is further classified into three pathotypes. More recent classification categorizes IBDVs into seven genogroups. The objective of this study was to sequence the currently circulating IBDVs in Sri Lanka and to determine their genogroups through a phylogenetic analysis.


Computing accurate approximations to the perimeter of an ellipse is a favourite problem of amateur mathematicians, even attracting luminaries such as Ramanujan [1, 2, 3]. As is well known, the perimeter, , of an ellipse with semimajor axis a and semiminor axis b can be expressed exactly as a complete elliptic integral of the second kind, which can also be written as a Gaussian hypergeometric function,


The effect of water cement ratio on plastic shrinkage of cement concrete pavement is discussed in this paper.And extreme clearance width,rate of water evaporation,cracking area are measured.The corresponding estimated method is commended.The experiment results show that when water cement ratio of cement concrete pavement less than 0.42 and the rate of water evaporation less than 0.423 kg/m2·h,the cracking area increase evidently.


W hen it comes to space missions, the focus has largely lain with planets close to Earth, with those farther afield being left out in the cold. But that is about to change with a dedicatedmission to Uranus slated for the 2030s. Scientists say that this trip will help them better understand the atmospheres of both Uranus and Neptune, our Solar System's two ice giants–cold gas behemoths composedmostly of elements heavier than hydrogen and helium. Now, Patrick Irwin from the University of Oxford, UK, and colleagues have, for the first time, simultaneously analyzed the reflectance spectra of both ice giants using the samemodel [1]. In doing so, the team made two serendipitous discoveries about the visual appearances of both worlds, unlocking the reason why they shimmer in different hues of blue and why Neptune has dark spots. The team says that the findings could have implications for the study of the atmospheres of planets beyond our Solar System.


Companies must ensure that their directors and officers are aware of, and pro-actively managing, the personal risks which can be imposed on them under a range of workplace laws.


In a method for determining the size d of a particle, wherein the particle is illuminated with light from a light source, wherein a time-resolved intensity profile of light scattered by the particles of light of the light source is measured with a radiation detector, wherein in the intensity profile of a reflection peak (10) and a Refraktionspeak be determined and the size is determined d of the particle based on the time difference between the reflection peak (10) and the Refraktionspeak, the invention provides that the time-resolved intensity profile θ at a predetermined scattering angle nz .DELTA.t


The Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (GLAS) is the sole instrument on the Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite (ICESat). The main objective of the ICESat mission is to provide accurate, high resolution data that will contribute to our understanding of ice-sheet mass balance investigations in the polar regions. The ICESat mission is an integral part of NASA's Earth-Sun System Division. The GLAS science team and Science Computing Facility (SCF) have worked with NSIDC to provide a suite of tools for users to read, visualize and subset the ICESat/GLAS data. See: http://nsidc.org/data/icesat/tools.html for access to and documentation about these tools.


Happiness is considered a very widespread theme, from antiquity to the present. Reflecting on it becomes extremely necessary since happiness is much encouraged in a disorderly way, but little is thought. The main objective of this study is to propose a reflection on the search for happiness, in order to lead the reader to the starting point of the path to the conquest of happiness. It is intended to use bibliographical research based on works made available in the virtual and printed media, as a methodology for compliance with said proposal. In front of the objectives, it was possible to arrive at some considerations, of which three are highlighted: 1) Such a search properly, without first checking other pertinent questions, is ineffective; 2) It is inherent to the human being the desire for a lasting happiness, even if apparently it does not exist; 3) Happiness can be based on the possession of wisdom and the knowledge of meaning; in these two things, happiness becomes a consequence.


Internal state predicates or ISPs refer to internal states of sentient beings, such as emotions, sensations and thought processes. Japanese ISPs with zero pronouns exhibit the "person restriction" in that the zero form of their subjects must be first person at the utterance time. This paper examines the person restriction of ISPs in Japanese in contrast with those in Thai, which is a zero pronominal language like Japanese. It is found that the person restriction is applicable to Japanese ISPs but not to Thai ones. This paper argues that the person restriction is not adequate to account for Japanese and Thai ISPs. We propose a new constraint to account for this phenomenon, i.e., the ExperiencerConceptualizer Identity (ECI) Constraint, which states that "The experiencer of the situation/event must be identical with the conceptualizer of that situation/event." It is argued that both languages conventionalize the ECI constraint in ISP expressions but differ in how the ECI constraint is conventionalized.


Large scale coherent structure,a physical phenomenon of major importance in atmospheric boundary layer,is observed in laboratory tank simulation.By analyzing its scintillation characteristics in beam pattern,it's found that the structure corresponds to the long and bright stripe in beam pattern,and the peak in scintillation index profile,so its vertical average velocity can be obtained by the spatial cross-correlation of scintillation index.And,by means of spatial correlation,vertical movement characteristics of large scale coherent structure at boundary layer top are studied.The results show that the large-coherent structure at the boundary layer top,mainly with very slow speed,drives the developing of boundary layer top.


The NASA Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) Flight Mechanics and Analysis Division developed an Adaptive Augmenting Control (AAC) algorithm for launch vehicles that improves robustness and performance by adapting an otherwise welltuned classical control algorithm to unexpected environments or variations in vehicle dynamics. This AAC algorithm is currently part of the baseline design for the SLS Flight Control System (FCS), but prior to this series of research flights it was the only component of the autopilot design that had not been flight tested. The Space Launch System (SLS) flight software prototype, including the adaptive component, was recently tested on a piloted aircraft at Dryden Flight Research Center (DFRC) which has the capability to achieve a high level of dynamic similarity to a launch vehicle. Scenarios for the flight test campaign were designed specifically to evaluate the AAC algorithm to ensure that it is able to achieve the expected performance improvements with no adverse impacts in nominal or nearnominal scenarios. Having completed the recent series of flight characterization experiments on DFRC's F/A-18, the AAC algorithm's capability, robustness, and reproducibility, have been successfully demonstrated. Thus, the entire SLS control architecture has been successfully flight tested in a relevant environment. This has increased NASA's confidence that the autopilot design is ready to fly on the SLS Block I vehicle and will exceed the performance of previous architectures.


Background: The aim was to study the clinical profile and causes of mesenteric lymphadenitis in children. The cases were selected from out patients and in patients admitted in various units of pediatric ward in velammal medical college hospital, Madurai over a period of 20 months from Nov 2013-June 2015. Methods: This is a prospective observational study. A total 129 children who were clinically suspected to have mesenteric lymphadenitis during the study period under went abdominal ultrasonography. Out of which only 57 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were studied. The clinical profile and causes of these cases were correlated and evaluated. Results: It was found that 10.5% of cases presented as acute abdomen. Pain abdomen was the common complaint in 59.6% of cases, cough /cold in 36.8%, loose stools in 28%, while in the rest of the cases fever , nausea, vomiting were seen. The commonest cause of mesenteric lymphadenitis was found to be respiratory tract infection in 36.8% of patients followed by diarrhea 28%, urinary tract infection 12.2%, worm infestations 10.5%, enteric fever 7%, gastritis 5.2%. Conclusions: The importance of mesenteric lymphadenitis lies in its differential diagnosis in cases of acute abdomen. Since correct diagnosis can avoid unnecessary surgical intervention.


This article addresses jurisdiction of arbitral tribunals constituted under international investment agreements over sovereign bond related claims brought in class-action style proceedings following the decision in Abaclat v. Argentina.The year 2011 was one of impending sovereign defaults, with the United States, Greece and, to a lesser extent, Italy, Portugal, and Spain, perceived to be at the brink of default. In the case of the United States in particular, the specter of default had every appearance of populist, political maneuvering rather than economic extremis. The Greek saga, similarly, at times resembled a study in political theatre rather than sober economic analysis, though there is no denying the dire seriousness of that country's economic troubles.


Tuberculous appendicitis is a very rare condition. Tuberculous peritonitis is not uncommon. The association is, is thus worth reporting as in the current case, specially that it was proved by meticulous mycobacterial studies to be caused by M. bovis. The case was successfully managed both in the diagnostic and therapeutic parameters. The cause and effect relationship of the association the case is also discussed in the text.


The formation and loss of Se(1S) excited states have been examined using long‐pulse (0.7–1.0 μsec), broadband (13 nm FWHM)‐Xe*2‐ fluorescence photodissociation of carbonyl selenide. Experimental data are compared to results of a computer code that models the Xe*2 radiation transport and Se(1S) kinetics. The effective quantum yield for Se(1S) production over the wavelength interval 160–180 nm has been found to be near 0.6. The observed Se(1S) decay rates have been used in conjunction with the code to predict the effects of excitation pulse length on the efficiency of the selenium laser system. Laser oscillation has been demonstrated for the Se(1S0→3P1) transition in a long‐active‐length (54 cm) optical cavity. Oscillator performance was characterized as a function of OCSe pressure. The optimized laser output was 1.3 mJ, a value consistent with the Se(1S) kinetics and laser cavity conditions.


This paper presents a new method of data transformation in an integrated virtual assembly environment. Information extraction and model conversion method is put forward. In this method the process of assembly model transformation is divided into two processes; information extraction and model conversion. Model data information is transferred into an integrated virtual assembly environment by application development of CAD systems and model conversion. Treating the feed device of a cone crusher as a virtual assembly object, the result of data transformation has been verified an in integrated virtual assembly environment. This concludes that the method is accurate and the effect of data transformation has been validated.


This work is devoted to the new free system Boolean Functions designed for the work with Boolean functions, especially with bent functions. This system is oriented mainly to the programmers. It is a library of classes in C++ language. This system is available at site of Sobolev Institute of Mathematics SB RAS http://math.nsc.ru/~bf.


The occurrence of vessels in the form of rings is used as a critical example for a hypothesis about the control of the pattern of cells in vascular tissues. These vessels, rare in intact plants, are common in the basal or root side of tissues close to transverse wounds of bean seedlings, radish storage tissues, and other plant material. Their formation is promoted, as are normal vascular tissues, by developing parts of the shoot or by a source of the hormone auxin. They are also found in grafts where cells of opposite polarities are close together, and in cut plants where vascular induction occurs from the direction of the roots and is therefore opposite to the original polarity of the tissue. Circular vessels are found, therefore, where the flux of auxin and possibly other signals controlling vascular differentiation is expected to follow a circular route. They show that differentiation is a response of individual cells to the flux rather than the gradient or concentration of the hormonal signals and suggest a hormonal interpretation of differences between apical and basal callus growth.


Summarizes some problems about variable transferring between frames in web page programming which confuses us,then concludes some methods in common use and analyzes them by several examples.


Abstract In this work, a spectral method is applied to the Favre-averaged Navier-Stokes equations in twodimensions, employing a structured spatial discretization, and using a conservative and finite volume approaches. Turbulence is taken into account considering the implementation of five k- two-equation turbulence models, based on the works of Coakley 1983; Wilcox; Yoder, Georgiadids and Orkwis; Coakley 1997; and Rumsey, Gatski, Ying and Bertelrud. The numerical experiments are performed using the Van Leer numerical algorithm. The Euler backward method is applied to march the scheme in time. The spectral method presented in this work employs collocation points and variants of Chebyshev and Legendre interpolation functions are analyzed. Chemical non-equilibrium is studied using a five species chemical model. The "hot gas" hypersonic flows around a blunt body, and around a reentry capsule, in two-dimensions, are simulated. The results have indicated that the Chebyshev collocation point variants are more accurate in terms of stagnation pressure estimations. In the blunt body problem such errors are inferior to 16.0%, being 2.66% the best result, while in the reentry capsule problem such errors are inferior to 8.0%, being 3.88% the best result. The Legendre collocation point variants are more accurate in terms of the lift coefficient estimations. Moreover, the Legendre collocation point variants are more computationally efficient and cheaper.


Yeast cells select at the beginning of each cell cycle the position of their new bud. The recruitment of the septins to this prospective bud site (PBS) is one of the critical events in a complex assembly pathway that culminates in the outgrowth of a new daughter cell. The septin-rods follow hereby the high concentration of Cdc42GTP that is generated by the focused location of its GEF Cdc24. We show that Cdc24 not only activates Cdc42 but temporarily interacts shortly before budding with Cdc11, the subunit that caps septin rods at its both ends. Mutations in Cdc24 that reduce the affinity to Cdc11 impair septin assembly and decrease the stability of the polarity patch. The interaction between septins and Cdc24 thus reinforces bud assembly at sites where septin structures are formed. Once the septins polymerize into the ring, Cdc24 transfers to its center and directs from there the further outgrowth of the membrane.


Tegalwaru Village has tried to develop by making itself a tourism village for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) since 2018. However, the MSMEs have difficulty establishing their identity in the business world due to the lack of regional specialty products. Therefore, there is a need to innovate the regional specialty products as one of the efforts to improve the village's economy by considering the potential and uniqueness of the resources available in Tegalwaru Village. As part of the community service program, research on specialty products in this area uses qualitative methods through observation and in-depth interviews. The result shows that one of the potential MSMEs of Tegalwaru Village that can be developed as a regional specialty product is Wayang Golek craft. The implication of this study is to offer perspective on deciding regional specialty product and increasing local MSME production by innovating to strengthen the position of local MSMEs in market competition. Keywords—MSME, Wayang Golek, Tegalwaru Village, Regional Specialty Product, Village Empowerment


A new method uslng a"Demagnetization Plane''is proposed to present the results of stepwise demagnetization of remanent magnetization.This method facilitates quantitative analysIS Of stepwise demagnetization results,allowi痩distinction between the multi-COmPOnentS Ofremanent magnetization.An AFdemagnetization test on Pleistocene marine siltstone and sandy siltstone samples from the Boso Peninsula,CentralJapan, Showsthat most of the stepwise AF demagnetized vectors align on a plane containlng their orlgln.This planeis called the"I)emagnetization Plane''.The spectrum Of remanent magnetization for demagnetization steps can be read from the plots on the Demagnetization Plane.Quantitative analysis of the variation of remanent magnetization inBoso sedimentsshowsthattheremanentmagnetizationcanbeseparatedintosoft,inter一 mediate and hard components,uslng nOrmalization with anhysteretic remanent magnetization.


In this paper, we have presented the design of resonator structure in photonic crystals to improve two parameters i.e., Quality Factor and Sensitivity. Photonic Crystal based force sensor includes hexagonal rings in 2 slab of hexagonal lattice which are to be integrated on the top of Silicon Microcantilever for Sensing applications. Ring resonator has been arranged in between two silicon Photonic Crystals waveguides, i.e., bus and drop waveguides. The new ring-resonators has formed by removing the holes of a hexagonal lattice from two slab. The parameters Quality Factor and Sensitivity can be improved by tuning the size of holes in the hexagonal resonator structure. 2-D Finite Difference Time Domain Method and Finite Element Method has been used for simulation.


The paper proposes a resonant-dissipative model of ultrafast spin dynamics, which takes into account the effects of both an external magnetic field and spin-orbit coupling. It is shown that under the combined action of these factors it is possible to control the polarizability of ferromagnets, which determines the permittivity and refractive index of the systems under study.


Objective To establish a reliable vascular dementia(VD) rat model, so as to provide the animal basis for the research of VD.Methods The Wistar rats were randomized into two groups: the control group and the VD group.Each group was observed at 3 time points:the 2nd week,the 4th week and the 2nd month. The VD rat model was established by four vessel occlusion(4VO). The reliability of rat model was verificated by vessel angiography.The changes of memory ability, long term potentiation(LTP) in the hippocampus CA1 zone were administered by computerized shuttle training case, extracorporeal hippocampal slices method.Results In vessel angiography examination, we found the brain blood supply mainly depended on the bilateral common carotid arteries after the occlusion of bilateral common vertebral arteries of the rats.After the occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries,the consciousness of the rats lost and the righting reflex disappeared.Compared with the control group,the AAR in the VD group was less in the 2nd week, the 4th week and the 2nd month( P 0.05).It was more obvious at the later two time points( P 0.01).In the slices of extracorporeal hippocampal CA1 region,LTP detection showed that its injury had happened clearly in VD group at each time point of the 2nd week,the 4th week and the 2nd month.Conclusion The 4VO is a reliable vascular dementia model,which can lead to irreversible impairment of learning and memory by chronic hypoperfusion and ischemic reperfusion injury, and simulate the character of clinical VD patient.


Given the reality of resource constraints, software development always involves prioritization to establish what to implement. Iterative and incremental development methods increase the amount of prioritization required and introduce the need to support dynamic prioritization to identify high stakeholder value. Ideally the needs of all the stakeholders are considered in the priority decision-making and there might be negotiation amongst them. In this paper we argue that the current prioritization methods often lack adequate support for the prioritization process. Specifically that many methods fail to appropriately structure the data for stakeholder value, which results in explicit stakeholder value not being captured. This problem is often compounded by a lack of support for handling multiple stakeholder viewpoints. We propose an extension to an existing prioritization method, impact estimation, to move towards better capture of explicit stakeholder value and catering for multiple stakeholders. A key feature is the use of absolute scale data for stakeholder value. We use a small industry case study to evaluate this new approach. Our findings argue that it provides a better basis for supporting priority decision-making over the implementation choices for requirements and


Background: Endothelial dysfunction accounts for ultrafiltration failure and high morbidity of cardiovascular disease in peritoneal dialysis patients. However, mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction have not been well understood by now. It shows an expanded visceral adipose tissue with increased adipocytokines in dialysis patients. Here, we investigated whether adipocytes exposed to high glucose could promote angiogenesis and the release of cytokines related to dysfunction of endothelial cells. Methods: 3T3-L1 cells were differentiated into adipocytes. Adipocytes were exposed to medium with 139 mmol/L glucose or isotonic mannitol, and VEGF levels in supernatant were measured by ELISA. Tube formation and migration of bEnd.3 endothelial cells were investigated with or not the addition of anti-VEGF antibody. VEGF, ICAM-1 and ET-1 levels of endothelial cells were assessed by Western Blot. Results: Compared with control group, significant up-regulation of VEGF level was observed in supernatant of adipocytes treated with high glucose (P<0.05). There were no difference in VEGF levels when endothelial cells were cultured with different adipocyte supernatants (P>0.05). Compared with endothelial cells cultured with high glucose, those cells cultured with supernatant of adipocytes pre-treated with high glucose formed more tubular structures accompanied by stronger migration ability (P<0.05), and anti-VEGF antibody partially blocked these effects (P<0.05). We also observed significantly up-regulation of ICAM-1 and ET-1 in endothelial cells cultured with the supernatant of adipocyte treated with high glucose (P<0.05). Conclusion: Adipocytes exposed to high glucose enhanced VEGF release and potentiated tube formation and migration of endothelial cells, and participated in the regulation of ICAM-1 and ET-1 expression of endothelial cells. It indicated that adipocytes play an important role in endothelial cell dysfunction in high glucose condition simulating the condition of peritoneal dialysis.


We have grown Mn-doped Bi₂Se₃ and Sb₂Se₃ single crystals using the temperature gradient solidification method. We report on the structural and magnetic propertis of Mn-doped Bi₂Se₃ and Sb₂Se₃ compound semiconductors. The lattice constants of several percent Mn-doped Bi₂Se₃ and Sb₂Se₃ were slightly smaller than those of the un-doped samples due to the smaller Mn atomic radius (1.40 Å) than those of Bi (1.60 Å) and Sb (1.45 Å). Mn-doped Bi₂Se₃ and Sb₂Se₃ showed spin glass and paramagnetic properties, respectively.


The Drucker Prager material model, Ductile Damage and Mie-Gruneisen equation of state parameters for high-pressure densification induced glass were derived analytically in the current study by comparing them to the Johnson Holmquist-II (JH-2) model. These parameters were then utilized to simulate the ballistic impact behaviour of bullet-resistant glass in ABAQUS/Explicit and the results were compared to the simulation results using JH-2 model in ANSYS/Autodyn and the results were found in good agreement. Following that, their experimental equivalents were tested for validation prospective. The findings were then compared to conventional bullet-resistant glass. It was found that the new bullet-resistant glass fabricated from layers of high-pressure densification induced glass was superior in strength as compared to the conventional bullet-resistant glass.


An extranuclear oligomycin-resistant mutant of Aspergillus nidulans was isolated and biochemically analyzed. The mutant grows slowly in the absence of oligomycin and contains an excess of cytochrome c. The ATPase complex solubilized from mutant mitochondria with Triton X-100 is 80 times more resistant to oligomycin than the enzyme of the parental strain.

The enzyme complexes of both strains were further purified to electrophoretic homogeneity and resolved by dodecylsulfate gel electrophoresis in the presence of 8 M urea into 16 polypeptide bands of apparent molecular weights between 65000 and 6000. Four proteins of apparent molecular weights 43000, 21000, 11000 and 6000 are synthesized on cycloheximide-resistant mitochondrial ribosomes. The smallest subunit is selectively extracted from the purified enzyme by neutral chloroform/methanol (2/1).

A proteolipid of identical electrophoretic mobility and site of synthesis is the major component of proteins extractable with the same solvent from whole mitochondrial membranes. This protein has been isolated from the mutant and its parental strain, and purified to apparent homogeneity. The proteins from both strains start with N-formyl-methionine and end with valine. However, a second internal methionine residue present in the wild-type protein is absent, together with some other amino acids, from the mutant protein.

It is concluded that this small lipophilic protein is coded by a mitochondrial gene determining oligomycin resistance, is synthesized on mitochondrial ribosomes and is associated with the membrane sector of the ATPase complex. The mutational alteration of the protein not only confers oligomycin resistance to the ATPase complex but also causes a structural alteration of the mitochondrial inner membrane.


Objective:To inquire into effects of Cindamycin on Bcl-2 and Bax protein expression of bladder transitional cell carcinoma in mice induced by Mycoplasma penetrans. Methods:50 ICR immunosuppressive mice was render to be Clindamycin-intervention group(n=20),first received 0.1ml Mpe(6×108-9/ml) by upward infection through the urethra while intramuscular injection of Clindamycin(25 mg/kg·d),for continuous 4 days.Non-intervention group(n=20) received equal mycoplasma and NS control group(n=10) received equal NS respectively,for continuous 3 days.Experimental group killed at 8,18w batches,and the serum were taken for Mpe re-cultured and ultrastructure examination.Also detected by immunohistochemistry of apoptosis-related protein Bcl-2 and Bax expression changes.Comparing the significant differences between groups. Results:The colony detection rate in intervention group compared with non-intervention control group decreased significantly.Electron microscopy showed that Clindamycin intervention group of mice bladder epithelial cells ultrastructure of the bladder of mice was no more split-phase nucleolar.Immunohistochemistry showed that the Clindamycin intervention group than the non-intervention group of mice bladder epithelial cells for the expression of Bcl-2 protein decreased significantly(P0.05),Bcl-2/Bax ratio decreased. Conclusion:Clindamycin reduces bladder cells expression of Bcl-2.The results suggest that Clindamycin for bladder transitional cell carcinoma in mice induced by Mycoplasma penetrans with a certain intervention effect.


Organo-sedimentary structures in saline lakes are an excellent archive of changes in environmental conditions of the basin and catchment. By examining variations in mineralogy and composition, important inferences can be made about brine composition, climatic conditions in the drainage basin, and the nature of sedimentary processes. Shallow water microbialites in saline lakes can take a variety of forms and occur in response to many different physical, chemical and biological processes. There has been much debate about the fundamental mechanisms by which the carbonate structures are forming and even whether or not there is biogenic mediation involved. Most microbialite research has been carried out in marine and marginal marine settings. Despite noteworthy occurrences in both modern and ancient lake settings, surprisingly little microbialite research has been carried out in continental lacustrine environments. Modern and Holocene microbialites occur in a variety of lakes in North America and Australia. The lakes in this study have been selected to represent a spectrum of hydrologic, climatic and geolimnological characteristics under which microbialites are forming. The structures in these lakes show variations in internal and external morphology, as well as mineralogy. The range of conditions permits a detailed evaluation of the processes of carbonate microbialite formation. Petrography and geochemistry of the microbialites have potential to reveal a complex interaction of both primary and bio-induced precipitation of minerals. Furthermore, examination of the laminated structures allows for the development of a proxy for changes in the local environmental conditions over time. For example, Manito Lake, a large permanent, hypersaline lake located in the northern Great Plains of western Canada, contains microbialites of varying composition and morphology. Detailed isotopic and mineralogical analyses of these structures reveal a complex history of hydrologic and environmental change over the past 2000 years. Simulating regional climatic effects of atmospheric aerosols


This paper presents a conceptual and numerical model of multiphase flow in fractures. The void space of real rough-walled rock fractures is conceptualized as a two dimensional heterogeneous porous medium, character ized by aperture as a function of position in the fracture plane. Portions of a fracture are occupied by wetting and non-wetting phase, respectively, according to local capil lary pressure and accessibility criteria. Phase occupancy and permeability are derived by assuming a parallel-plate approximation for suitably small subregions in the frac ture plane. Wetting and non-wetting phase relative per meabilities are calculated by numerically simulating sin gle phase flows separately in the wetted and non-wetted pore spaces. Illustrative examples indicate that relative permeabilities depend sensitively on the nature and range of spatial correlation between apertures.


The invention provides an ore dressing chute capable of automatically running. Blankets are laid on the chutes; guide rails are arranged on two sides of two chutes; a chain is arranged in the middle of the two chutes; frames with pulleys are arranged on the guide rails; two speed reducing motors are arranged on the frames, a round brush is arranged on a two-way output shaft of one speed reducing motor, while a sprocket wheel is arranged on an output shaft of the other speed reducing motor. The sprocket wheel is driven by the speed reducing motor to drive the frames to move forward and backward. Baffles which are controlled by frame operation are arranged on mine holes and receiving grooves; and the round brush rotates to brush ores which are collected on the blankets and move the ores along with water flow to flow to a concentrate groove.


Vitiligo is a common acquired skin depigmentation that affects people of all races, but is significantly more disfiguring in black individuals. The exact cause of vitiligo is unknown. It is believed that an autoimmune process targeting melanocytes mediates its pathogenesis. In accordance with this hypothesis, histopathological examinations of vitiliginous skin have revealed the absence of melanocytes.
Multiple autoantibodies against melanocyte antigens, including various enzymes and other substances, have been detected in the sera of some vitiligo patients. Twenty to thirty percent of patients were reported to have a family history of the disease, suggesting that genetic factors play a role. Despite this, a substantial proportion of vitiligo sufferers have neither a family history of vitiligo nor a history of other autoimmune diseases. As a result, numerous alternative hypotheses have been proposed to explain the underlying causes of this disorder, such as a weak defence against the toxic effects of free radicals and exposure to industrial pollutants.
The most frequently prescribed treatments for vitiligo are systemic and topical phototherapy, immunomodulators such as corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors, and vitamin D analogues, as well as cosmetics that can camouflage the condition and improve quality of life. Other forms of treatment include surgical grafting and depigmenting procedures.


The invention discloses a calibration method and a management system of an air particulate matter detector. The calibration method comprises the following steps: installing an air particulate matter detector for calibration near a monitoring station of a third-party authority mechanism; acquiring air particulate matter measured data obtained through detection of the air particulate matter detector for calibration; acquiring air particulate matter monitoring data released by the third-party authority mechanism; obtaining a calibration model based on the air particulate matter measured data and the air particulate matter monitoring data; sending the calibration model to a detector client side, thus calibrating an air particulate matter detector associated with the detector client side, wherein the air particulate matter detector for calibration and the air particulate matter detector associated with the detector client side are used for detecting air particulate matter data based on the same principle. In such a way, the air particulate matter detector related to the detector client side can be calibrated through the calibration model, and the accuracy of the air particulate matter detector is increased.


Іnternal standards play a fundamental role in auditing practice because they define quality of auditor activities. Only with implementation of standards it is possible to gain confidence from third parties about auditing results and professional judgement of an auditor. To develop methodological approaches for creation of internal auditing standards. Internal standards classification has been substantiated. To implement a systematic approach it is suggested to use structural analysis methodology IDEF0 (ICAM DEFinition language 0). The main objectives of internal auditing practice standards have been determined and structure of internal standards on auditing has been suggested as a part of auditor code of professional conduct, documentation standards and internal document flow, standards on auditing methodologies. Creation and implementation of internal auditing practice standards should be based on their classification, systematic, process-oriented, functional and operational approaches. Keywords: auditing practice, internal standards, methodological approaches, auditing quality,quality control.


The calendar methods the basal body temperature method and the "ovulation method" or "Billings method" which studies changes in cervical mucus are described. Historically the rhythm method has had high failure rates because of the difficulty of predicting time of ovulation and the strong motivation required of couples. The cervical mucus method has had little use in England. However a study is currently under way which has found that 70% of women exhibit regular mucus changes while 30% either had no clear-cut changes or changes which varied from cycle to cycle. For the method to be effective the couple must be well-informed on the biological basis of the method and strongly motivated. Studies have found a failure rate of 6.6/100 woman-years for couples using the temperature method and having intercourse postovulation only 19.3/100 woman-years for intercourse pre- and postovulation. Failure rate for the mucus method is now about 25/100 woman-years. Although there are no physical risks for the couple the fear of pregnancy often causes psychological problems and European studies have found higher incidence of fetal abnormalities when either egg or sperm have aged a common condition with delayed intercourse. A study in 1971 by Jongbloet found that 91% of children born to 127 Catholic couples who experienced pregnancy failure when practicing postovulatory rhythm were abnormal. In couples who practiced pre- and postovulatory rhythm 75% were abnormal. When the pregnancies were planned and not accidental failures 25-27% were abnormal. In a random selection of 155 families Jongbloet found that 23% of pregnancies occurring accidentally while practicing rhythm were abnormal compared with 6% for planned pregnancies for the same group. These studies emphasize the need for caution for couples who have an increased risk of having an abnormal child (previous fetal abnormality family history advanced parental age).


Present study examines the presence of long memory of Stock Returns in India with reference to structural breaks.The study has used the Hurst Exponent in Rescaled Range Analysis as proposed by Lo (1991) to measure the presence of long memory on daily stock returns of Bombay Stock Exchange Indices from January, 2000 to December,2017. Analysis for the full sample period indicates that all indices show a long memory effects. It is also evident that all indices exhibit long memory effect in preand post subprime crisis period. These findings are consistent withBhattacharya and Bhattacharya (2018), Jha et al.(2018), Goudarzi (2010) and Lillo and Farmer (2004).


The process design to produce a near net shape home-appliance compressor component using semi-solid die casting process is performed. In order to obtain a good component without defects such as liquid segregation and porosity, the relationship between pressure and time, and plunger tip displacement and injection velocity are proposed with repeated trial and error. The effect of the velocity variation in the process parameters on liquid segregation and extraction is investigated to produce the aluminum frame part(a kind of compressor part) with good mechanical properties. The mechanical characteristic of semi-solid die casting formed parts for AlSi7MgO.6Sr(A357) and AISi17Cu4Mg(A390) are investigated with a view to minimizing the occurrence of defects. To investigate of application possibility at industry field, A380 aluminum alloy with 8 ~ 9% silicon contents used for the squeeze casting process. The obtained mechanical properties is compared with semi-solid die casting.


Summary - Different reconstituted skimmed milk powders, as weil as defatted pasteurized and raw milk, were used to probe the effects of preheating conditions on rennetability and molecular availability of casein to coagulate and to form a curd. The experiments for following coagulation and gel formation were carried out using the formagraph at pH 6.4, 35 "C, and 3.8% total protein. Two new approaches to estimate the surface protein hydrophobicity (SPH) and to quantify the glycosylated and non-glycosylated caseinomacropeptide (CMP) were used to study the molecular state of casein micelles during the primary and secondary phases of renneting. The latter method was supported by ion-exchange fast-protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) using Mono-Q and Mono-S coJumns. Results with raw milk showed that the SPH of native micellar casein is about eight times higher than that of the individual casein components. In processed milks, the range of maximum SPH decreased as the severity of preheating increased. Il was found that a high SPH is correlated with an optimum micellar structure. The latter is progressively lost by association of denatured ~-Iactoglobulin (~-Lg) on the micellar surface, especially with the outer part of non-glycosylated K-casein (K-Cn). The extent of association is related to the severity of preliminary milk treatment, which may be measured by a reduced liberation of non-glycosylated CMP.


This report describes a case of cystic, extranodal, marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue of the orbital lobe of the lacrimal gland in a 70-year-old female. Case of cystic MALT lymphoma isolated to the orbital lobe of the lacrimal gland are rare, with six case reported in the literature. Initial clinical examination revealed bilateral dermatochalasis and a medial left upper lid contour deformity thought to be involutional ptosis. There was no suspicion for a mass lesion. Imaging and subsequent specialist clinical, pathologic, an immunochemical evaluation showed diagnostic features of cystic lacrimal gland orbital lobe MALT lymphoma. Clinical, radiographic, and immunohistopathologic and immunohistochemical findings are detailed. A review of literature was performed and discussed.


Three simple, accurate, rapid and sensitive methods (A, B and C) have been developed for the estimation of Eplerenone in its pharmaceutical dosage forms. The methods A, B and C are based on extraction of colored ionassociation complex in chloroform formed between Eplerenone and BTB, BCG and BPB in potassium hydrogen phthalate buffer (pH-2.4). Which shows λmax at 410nm 414nm and 425nm respectively. Beer's law is obeyed in the concentration range of 1.25-55μg/mL of Eplerenone for method A, 5-45μg/mL for method B, and 2.5-45μg/mL for method C. Results of analysis for all the methods are validated statistically and by recovery studies. The proposed methods are economical, sensitive and can be used for routine analysis of Eplerenone in bulk and tablet formulation.


Rising costs of establishing and replacing planted trees and shrubs, greater public concern about environmental impacts resulting from highway construction, and development of alternative methods to maintain and revegetate roadsides generated a need to examine vegetation management practices along Ontario's King's and secondary highway systems. During the summer of 1975, 198 roadside sample plots were examined to determine contributory factors leading to the decline and death of planted trees and shrubs. Lack of adequate irrigation, shallow soils, and mechanical damage to stems seemed to be the major causes of mortality (exclusive of deicing salt pollution). Natural regeneration was measured at 22 plots. If free of disturbance by mowing, herbicide treatment and salt spray, native trees and shrubs rapidly invade roadside slopes and flats. An adjacent seed source is required for effective regeneration. Planted exotic species also revegetate. During interviews with District Landscape Supervisors there was a need expressed for a program to improve information exchange within and between Districts as well as with the Landscape Planning and Operations section. A review of highway vegetation management programs in the United States revealed that there has been a drastic reduction in mowing expenditures during the last five years and an expanded reliance upon natural regeneration to vegetate roadsides. The report suggests that the Ministry investigate natural regeneration and direct seeding trials in Ontario. /Author/


The purpose of the article is to highlight the contribution of the Mordovsky family to the development of library space of Yekaterinoslav province. Research methods: system-structural, analytical-synthetic, comparative.Main results. The Mordovsky family left a remarkable trace in cultural and public life of Yekaterinoslav province. Individual representatives of the family, which had different occupations, were united bycooperation with library centers. The life path of a zemstvo leader and a member of Yekaterinoslav Town Duma P. G. Mordovsky was closely connected with the library board, and his achievements in the field of library business contributed to the enhancement of libraries' status. Experience and contribution of G. P. Mordovska to the development of the Town Public Library at the beginning of the 20th century was significant, namely, an active participation in library reorganization. P. F. Mordovsky, an agrarian, known for his productive activity at Novomoskovsk association of village farmers, was responsible for the specialized library and its replenishment at the end of the 19th century. In this field he manifested himself as a professional librarian dealing with issues on the library's replenishment and book loaning to the members of the centre.Conclusions. The place and role of zemstvo and public leaders from the Mordovsky family in cultural space of the region are determined. The description of lives of individual members of the Mordovsky family helps create a broad ethnographic circle.Practical meaning. It is recommended for scholars for in-depth study of historical and library lore studies.The scientific novelty is the discovery by the author of previously unexplored materials about the activities of individual personalities of Yekaterinoslav intelligentsia.Type of article: descriptive.


Aims Growing evidence suggests vitamin D as a contributing factor in psychiatric illness, particularly depression. Leeds and York Partnership NHS Foundation Trust (LYPFT) has a policy recommending that vitamin D levels are checked in all inpatients. The principal aims of this audit were to establish whether vitamin D levels were checked in inpatients and whether oral supplementation was commenced where appropriate, with a pre-determined target of 90% for both. The secondary aims were to assess whether rates of checking and replacing vitamin D, and mean vitamin D levels, differed between Caucasian and non-Caucasian populations. Method We investigated adults aged 18–65 years newly admitted to the Becklin Centre, an acute psychiatric inpatient unit of four wards, between 1st December 2019 and 29th February 2020. 140 patients met eligibility criteria and were included in this study, of which 86 (61.4%) were Caucasian. Data were collected between 25th and 28th February 2021 by retrospectively reviewing two electronic patient record systems, Care Director and PPM, and the electronic prescribing platform EPMA. Results were compiled on a pre-determined data collection tool and analysed using Microsoft Excel. We defined insufficiency as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels below 75nmol/l and deficiency as below 30nmol/l. Result Vitamin D levels were checked in 79 (56.4%) inpatients, and the proportion checked differed significantly according to ethnicity (Caucasian = 64.0%, non-Caucasian = 44.4%; χ2 = 4.59, p = 0.032). Of these, 1 (1.3%) had an insufficient sample, 5 (6.3%) had normal levels, 41 (51.9%) had insufficient levels and 32 (40.5%) were deficient. Colecalciferol was commenced for 61 (83.6%) of those with insufficient or deficient vitamin D levels. Rates of colecalciferol prescribing did not differ between ethnic groups (Caucasian = 82.0%, non-Caucasian = 85.0%; χ2 = 0.091, p = 0.76). Mean vitamin D levels did not significantly differ (p = 0.77) between Caucasians (38.3nmol/l) and non-Caucasians (36.2nmol/l). Conclusion LYPFT did not meet the target for testing for and treating vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency in psychiatric inpatients. Other blood results were often available when vitamin D levels were not, suggesting a lack of awareness of the guidance. Ethnicity influenced rates of vitamin D analysis but not replacement or mean serum levels. We aim to present our findings to the Trust's medical workforce to raise awareness of the relevant guidance. Given the paucity of psychiatric inpatients with normal vitamin D levels, further research into the role of vitamin D in psychopathology is warranted.


Liquid turbine meters operate in response to fundamental engineering principles, Operation with a single moving part produces excellent longevity and reliability. Liquid turbine meters display wide rangeability, high accuracy, excellent repeatability, low pressure drop and moderate cost. Liquid turbine meters may be applied to many different fluids with different physical properties and corrosive tendencies. The marriage of liquid turbine meters to electronic instruments allows instantaneous flow calculations and produces the flexibility to display data, store data, transmit data in the most convenient form. Liquid turbine meters should be the first flow measurement instrument considered for liquid measurement applications.


Unstable pelvic bone fracture caused by high-energy trauma that can result in life-threatening situations in which intrapelvic hemorrhage and neurovascular injury. Long-term complications are frequently present, such as leg length discrepancy, gait disturbance and chronic low-back pain. Recently it is principle that it is mandatory to restore the anatomy of pelvic ring structure and to fix stably by means of internal fixation or external fixation for successful outcome after unstable pelvic ring injury. 26 cases of unstable pelvic bone fractures were treated operatively at the authors'' hospital between 1992 and 1994. We analyse the clinical and the radiological result. The following results were obtained. 1. The incidence of the unstable pelvic bone fracture was 26 cases(18.4%) of all pelvic bone fractures(14l cases). 2. By the classification of modified Tile, type B 1 were 8 cases, type B2(3 cases), type C1(7 cases) and type C3(8 cases). 3. Associated organ injury were found most commonly in the acetabular fracture(8 cases), and other extremity fracture(8 cases), genitourinary system(6 cases) and hemopenitoneum(4 cases). 4. The specific fracture pattem was classified according to various anatomical locations such as transsymphysis(7 cases), transpubic(7 csaes), combination of the trassymphysis and traspubic(7 csses), trassacroiliac(7 cascs), tnesiliac(9 cases), transsacrel(l case) and sacroiliac fracture dislocation(l case). 5. According to the fracture location, following methods of stabilization were applied. For the ante rior portion of pelvic ring, plates(l3 cases), external fixators(3 cases) and wirings(3 cases) were used. For the posterior portion of pelvic ring, plates(9 cases), percutaneous iliosacral screws(3 cases) and lag screw(1 case) were used. 6. The results revealed as excellent in 20 cases, goad in 5 case and fair in 1 case. 7. Postoperative complications were fixation failure(2 cases), metal failure(1 case) and nerve injury(l case).


In this study, we report the influence mechanism of different Mg doping concentration in LED P-type layer. We concluded from analyses of the I–V · C–V and Lop that this process is due to Mg out diffusion.


The behaviour of non-linear dynamic systems is studied. In this paper, the authors investigate the modelling and prediction abilities of a Recurrent Neural Network, Long Short Term Memory and Gated Recurrent Unit networks. The the input data sets has a chaotic nature. The effectiveness of all networks in modelling the several chaotic attractors is studied. And a comparison of their prediction quality is made.


Through its activities, the "Biblioteca dei Ragazzi" (Children's Library) in Foggia is focused on reading promotion for children and teenagers; the aim is to improve relationships with families and social context and to make itself an interesting and attractive place for everybody.


Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is an incapacitat-ing condition affecting millions worldwide. Many of these patients have increased healthcare utilization but remain sick, justifying the urgent need to develop and imple-ment improved strategies, such as deep brain stimulation (DBS). The various studies of DBS targets for TRD over the last 10 + years have shown variable response rates; the subgenual cingulate (Cg25), the most popular target, only yielded a combined response rate of near 50% at 12 months 1 from a pooled 77 patients at eight centers. Other targets shared the same problem, where stimulation parameters have been blindly adjusted across variable anatomic locations to incur acute mood changes than be titrated


The literature on durable consumption is still small by comparison with that on non-durable consumption, but the last few years have seen a number of both theoretical and empirical studies. This paper surveys these recent contributions and tries to highlight the main advances and the open issues in the field of durable goods consumption.


Annotation. Goal. The continuing increase in tariffs for central heating in Ukraine leads to an increase in the popularity of autonomous heating systems. The research task is to find the answer to the question: what is the economic efficiency of heat energy sources of the autonomous heating systems. Method. The empirical method of investigation was used to study this issue. Results. The empirically obtained data made it possible to determine the most efficient source of heat energy for autonomous heating systems. Scientific novelty. In the process of research has been produced identifying better methods for determining the economic feasibility of the installation of autonomous heating systems. Practical significance. This study makes it possible to determine the effective source of thermal energy for autonomous heating systems.


Density-functional theory is used to study homogeneous bubble nucleation in the stretched Lennard-Jones liquid. We show that the ratio of density-functional to classical nucleation theory free energy barriers should scale with the quantity Δμ/Δμspin, the difference in chemical potential between the bulk superheated and the saturated liquid divided by the chemical potential difference between the liquid spinodal and the saturated liquid. The critical bubble changes from classical near coexistence (sharp interface, uniform density that decreases with penetration into the coexistence region) to nonclassical beyond Δμ/Δμspin≈0.5 (diffuse interface, increasing density with increasing penetration into the metastable region). The density at the center of the bubble, the mean bubble density, the bubble size, the interfacial thickness, and the free energy cost of forming a critical bubble all scale with Δμ/Δμspin in temperature-independent fashion. This precise measure of the degree of metastability should emerge ...


With the support from government,the IT industry has experienced fast growth and expansion in the past decade.And the IT companies have become more and more important in the capital market.By analyzing the 05-07 data of 133 IT companies,the research discovers the characteristics of the shareholder structure,the management-owned stocks,the RD outlay and the intangible asset ratio of the sample,and then shows their impact on corporate performance by regression.The conclusions are:a highly concentrated shareholder structure will benefit the corporate;and the management-owned stocks also have a positive impact on the corporate performance;while the RD outlay and the intangible asset ratio don't show a significant impact on Tobin Q;and the RD outlay positively affects the ROE of the company.


when activity subsides (Bobek and (epelak, 1958). This finding suggests that the increase in platelet adhesiveness observed here might be a consequence of endothelial disease or of continuing thrombosis rather than the cause of the recurrent thromboembolic episodes. However, whether cause or consequence, it seems reasonable to assume that an increase in platelet adhesiveness might contribute to the progression of the underlying thrombotic process and interfere with the re-establishment of normal venous patency.


Measurements have been made of the kinetics of the movement of potassium into and out of single internodal cells of Ohara australis, with the aid of solutions labelled with 42IL Analysis of the results suggests that an appropriate model describing the kinetics is that of three compartments connected in series-the cell ,vall, cytoplasm, and vacuole.


FIELD: process engineering. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to hydrometallurgy of zirconium and hafnium. Proposed method comprises total extraction of zirconium and hafnium from initial solution nitrate using the tribytilphosphate solution in hydrocarbon diluent. Then, they are separated at decrease in acidity with extraction of zirconium from hafnium re-extract by return extragent with combination of both extracts in the flow and weak-acid zirconium re-extraction with subsequent recovery of extragent. After total extraction, combined extract is flushed with nitric acid solution with concentration equal to nitric acid content in initial solution. Then, hafnium re-extraction is performed. Now, a portion of hafnium re-extract flow is returned back to cycle start for it to be fed along with initial solution at preset acidity while other portion is directed to additional extraction of zirconium. EFFECT: high-purity concentrated hafnium, decreased amount of reagents for further processing. 7 cl, 2 dwg, 2 tbl, 2 ex


Objective:To describe that using the acupuncture treatment as the first important way in the treatment of Olivopontocerebellar atrophy(OPCA)which be followed with ataxiahas some effective.Methord:Use body needling,calp acupuncture,and eyes needling methord with Chinese medicinal herbs and vein administration.Result:After acupuncture treatment the sick man seems much better than before.Conclusion:Acupuncture treatment as the first important way in the currying of Spinocerebellar Degenerations is effective.


Several leading UK public health campaigners have written to the prime minister to urge him to include a "sugar tax" on soft sugary drinks in the government's long awaited childhood obesity strategy.

The letter to David Cameron, published in the Guardian ,1 cited "unequivocal evidence" from other countries that a tax would reduce sales of sugar sweetened soft drinks, particularly …


Purpose: To evaluate microaneurysm (MA) turnover and changes in central retinal thickness after intravitreal dexamethasone implantation or intravitreal bevacizumab injection to treat diabetic macular edema. Methods: Sixty eyes with diabetic macular edema were evaluated. In all, 30 eyes received intravitreal dexamethasone implants (group A) and 30 received bevacizumab injections (group B). All patients were followed-up at 3 and 6 months. MA formation, disappearance, and turnover (MA formation rate minus disappearance rate) were evaluated. When the disappearance rate was greater than the formation rate (so the turnover was ≤0), the microaneurysms were considered to have resolved. Central retinal thickness (CRT) was measured using optical coherence tomography at all visits. Results: In group A, MA turnover was 86.6% at 3 months and 53.3% at 6 months, and thus decreased slightly over time, but was not eliminated. In group B, MA turnover was 56.6% at 3 months and 13.3% at 6 months; the between-group difference was statistically significant (p = 0.014). CRT decreased in both groups, but significantly less so in group B 3 months after injection. However, no significant between-group difference was apparent 6 months after injection. Conclusions: There were no significant between-group differences in either CRT or MA turnover 3 months after injection. However, at 6 months, dexamethasone implantation showed slightly better results than intravitreal bevacizumab injection. However, further research on long-term MA turnover is required. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2018;59(4):332-337


In this paper, we study path selection and power allocation problems for relay-aided systems with multiple source, relay, and destination nodes. To take fairness among different links into account, we aim at maximizing the minimum source-relay-destination link rate performance. We consider the scenario that the source node can be paired with any destination node. For this scenario, we decouple the original path selection and power allocation problem as two graph-based matching problems and develop algorithms to solve the formulated matching problems with and without sum power constraint, respectively. Numerical results show that our proposed algorithms outperform random matching algorithms in all scenarios and the corresponding performance gains increase with the number of nodes.


For a better understanding of the dynamics of rehabilitated grassland, carbon storage in the underground including soil and roots were studied in a space series of replaced time courses.Soil organic carbon (SOC) of the 0-100cm layer increased with the addition of restoration years.It was much more than the average of 4.46-9.95 kg m-2 in central Plateau. SOC in surface soil (layer 0-20cm) fell slightly in early stage (0-2a) and then rose rapidly. In 30a, the increase amplitude turned to be 123% and it reached the maxmum.SOC in this layer was significantly correlated with an average value for the whole 0-100 cm profile.So SOC storage, in the 0-100cm layer, can be well estimated using values for the 0-20 cm layer. Alfalfa underground biomass carbon storage rose first and then reduced. It reached the maxmum in 10a. The carbon storage of weed roots increased continuously and was still less than that of alfalfa roots in 30a.


In this paper,an evaluation model on sustainable development in China coastal provinces is built according to the index on economic development level,social welfare,population pressure,resource storage and environmental protection.The data using includes vector data of China Terrain in 2000(1:4,000,000), statistical data based on county of 11 coastal provinces,and data on resources and forestry from Data-Sharing Network of China Earth System Science.With the analysis tool of ArcGIS provided by ESRI,we calculate the sustainable development index.Combined with the research of ecological environment in coastal zone in China our team has done before,the sustainable development ability of coastal provinces is explored.