The article presents varieties and variants of relaxation techniques advisable to use after intense physical exertion. The concept of "relaxation" and understanding of its role in physical education to maintain health and harmonious development of youth are considered. Considering the fact that one of the main trends in sports remains the increase in the intensity of training and the need to improve the results of competitions, the problem of restoring the athlete's performance capacity after physical exertion is extremely relevant today. Understanding the causes of fatigue and the physiological mechanisms of recovery, control over the relevant processes, the rational use of modern methods of body relaxation and means of recovery are important for assessing the impact of physical stress on the body, the effectiveness of training programs, identifying overtraining, determining the optimal rest time after physical exercises, and therefore, are necessary to improve the athlete's training and achieving high results.


Abstract. Black carbon (BC) is recognized as the most important warming agent among atmospheric aerosol particles. The absorption efficiency of pure BC is rather well-known, nevertheless the mixing of BC with other aerosol particles can enhance the BC light absorption efficiency, thus directly affecting Earth's radiative balance. The effects on climate of the BC absorption enhancement due to the mixing with these aerosols are not yet well constrained because these effects depend on the availability of material for mixing with BC, thus creating regional variations. Here we present the mass absorption cross-section (MAC) and absorption enhancement of BC particles (Eabs), at different wavelengths (from 370 to 880 nm for online measurements and at 637 nm for offline measurements) measured at two sites in the western Mediterranean, namely Barcelona (BCN; urban background) and Montseny (MSY; regional background). The Eabs values ranged between 1.24 and 1.51 at the urban station, depending on the season and wavelength used as well as on the pure BC MAC used as a reference. The largest contribution to Eabs was due to the internal mixing of BC particles with other aerosol compounds, on average between a 91 % and a 100 % at 370 and 880 nm, respectively. Additionally, 14.5 % and 4.6 % of the total enhancement at the short ultraviolet (UV) wavelength (370 nm) was due to externally mixed brown carbon (BrC) particles during the cold and the warm period, respectively. On average, at the MSY station, a higher Eabs value was observed (1.83 at 637 nm) compared to BCN (1.37 at 637 nm), which was associated with the higher fraction of organic aerosols (OA) available for BC coating at the regional station, as denoted by the higher organic carbon to elemental carbon (OC:EC) ratio observed at MSY compared to BCN. At both BCN and MSY, Eabs showed an exponential increase with the amount of non-refractory (NR) material available for coating (RNR-PM). The Eabs at 637 nm at the MSY regional station reached values up to 3 during episodes with high RNR-PM, whereas in BCN, Eabs kept values lower than 2 due to the lower relative amount of coating materials measured at BCN compared to MSY. The main sources of OA influencing Eabs throughout the year were hydrocarbon OA (HOA) and cooking-related OA (COA), i.e. primary OA (POA) from traffic and cooking emissions, respectively, at both 370 and 880 nm. At the short UV wavelength (370 nm), a strong contribution to Eabs from biomass burning OA (BBOA) and less oxidized oxygenated OA (LO-OOA) sources was observed in the colder period. Moreover, we found an increase of Eabs with the ageing state of the particles, especially during the colder period. This increase of Eabs with particle ageing was associated with a larger relative amount of secondary OA (SOA) compared to POA. The availability of a long dataset at both stations from offline measurements enabled a decade-long trend analysis of Eabs at 637 nm, that showed statistically significant (s.s.) positive trends of Eabs during the warmer months at the MSY station. This s.s. positive trend in MSY mirrored the observed increase of the OC:EC ratio over time. Moreover, in BCN during the COVID-19 lockdown period in spring 2020 we observed a sharp increase of Eabs due to the observed sharp increase of the OC:EC ratio. Our results show similar values of Eabs to those found in the literature for similar background stations.


Psychological Association, Questionnaires Used in the Prediction of Trustworthiness in Pre-Employ ment Selection Decisions: An APA Task Force Re port (Author, Washington, DC, 1991); R.M. O'Ban non, L.A. Goldinger, and G.S. Appleby, Honesty and Integrity Testing: A Practical Guide (Applied In formation Resources, Atlanta, 1989). 5. D.S. Ones, C. Viswesvaran, and F.L. Schmidt, Comprehensive meta-analysis of integrity test validities: Findings and implications for person nel selection and theories of job performance, jour nal of Applied Psychology, 78, 679-703 (1993); J.M. Collins and F.L. Schmidt, Personality, integrity, and white collar crime: A construct validity study, Personnel Psychology, 46, 295-312 (1993). 6. Sackett et al., note 4; J. Hogan and R. Hogan, How to measure employee reliability, Jour nal of Applied Psychology, 74, 273-279 (1989). 7. Sackett et al., note 4; O'Bannon et al., note 4. 8. See U.S. Congress (1990), note 1; American Psychological Association, note 4. 9. U.S. Congress (1990), note 1, p. 10. 10. See Saxe, note 3; H. Sigall and E.E. Jones, The bogus pipeline: A new paradigm for measuring affect and attitude, Psychological Bulletin, 76, 349 364(1971). 11. D.T. Lykken, The lie detector controversy: An alternative solution, in Advances in Psychophys iology, j.R. Jennings, P.K. Ackles, and M.G.H. Coles, Eds. (Jessica Kingsley Publishers, London, 1991). 12. L. Farwell and E. Donchin, The truth will out: Interrogative polygraph ("lie detection") with even-related potentials, Psychophysiology, 28, 531 (1991).


By the relative theory analysis and local practice,the design of the fully mechanized face with water-affusion into coal and spraying dustproof are compositively reformed.Through the locale practice,the ratio of containing-water is increased obviously and the dustproof ratio of the spraying is extended evidently,the job condition of face is improved markedly.


This research was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of tacit-knowledge on business success among Igbo traders. Tacit knowledge involves everyday problem solving ability gained through experience that is predictive of successful outcomes. The survey research design was used for the study. Data were generated through 300 respondents chosen by simple random sampling technique. To achieve the objective of the research, data were analyzed through tables, frequencies, percentages and chi-square test. It was found that tacit-knowledge has positive relationship with traders' success. Five recommendations were made based on the findings of the study.


Association between proton and electron transfer is omnipresent in chemistry, biology as well as in catalysis. The interest for these proton-coupled electron transfers (PCET) reactions stems from the fact that they play a key role in all the processes leading to energy storage into chemical bonds, and thus for all expected renewable energy systems based on solar fuels. Multiple proton-coupled electron transfers involved, e.g. in carbon dioxide reduction, in water oxidation as well as in hydrogen evolution from acids, are already of crucial importance in the design of catalytic processes with the aim of tackling contemporary energy challenges. Although some catalysts—either homogeneous or heterogeneous, bioinspired or not, based on earth abundant materials—have been designed and tested for the above mentioned complex transformations, it is unlikely that any ''screening strategy'' will lead to the development of cheap, efficient, durable and easily scalable catalytic systems.


In this article, the transient <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H_{\infty }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> tracking performance, i.e., finite-time <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H_{\infty }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> tracking control, of switched linear parameter-varying (LPV) aero-engine models over a finite-time horizon is studied utilizing dynamic event-triggered method. For this purpose, a novel dynamic event-triggered mechanism (DETM) is constructed. It is shown that under the proposed method, transmission times of sampled information of the reference are determined by the designed DETM and transmission intervals can be adjusted with the variety of the tracking performance. The sampled information of the reference is updated when the event is triggered, and thus compared with traditional tracking methods, the transmitting cost can be reduced dramatically. An application of the control of aero-engines is demonstrated to show that the presented results are valid.


Folding mechanisms are zero elastic energy motions essential to the deployment of origami, linkages, reconfigurable metamaterials and robotic structures. In this paper, we determine the fate of folding mechanisms when such structures are miniaturized so that thermal fluctuations cannot be neglected. First, we identify geometric and topological design strategies aimed at minimizing undesired thermal energy barriers that generically obstruct kinematic mechanisms at the microscale. Our findings are illustrated in the context of a quasi one-dimensional linkage structure that harbors a topologically protected mechanism. However, thermal fluctuations can also be exploited to deliberately lock a reconfigurable metamaterial into a fully expanded configuration, a process reminiscent of order by disorder transitions in magnetic systems. We demonstrate that this effect leads certain topological mechanical structures to exhibit an abrupt change in the pressure -- a bulk signature of the underlying topological invariant at finite temperature. We conclude with a discussion of anharmonic corrections and potential applications of our work to the the engineering of DNA origami devices and molecular robots.


HE YOUNGEST BRANCH of organizational theory is the study of mental hosT pitals. Twenty years ago, when Rowland pioneered in the field, the major sources of information on the mental hospital were books m-ritten by former patients.' Todzy there are a number of escellent studies of the organizational structure of the i ~ e n t a l hospital.? The new studies follow in the steps of organizational research in other areas,3 especially in the area of industrial relation^.^ Such a transfer of ideas, concepts, and perspectives from one area of study to another benefits both the new studies and the theory of organization i t ~ e l f. ~ But there is a constant dar,ger that the a::~log,.y will be overdrau-n. Moreover, in this particular instance organizational ':ud'es had certain childhood diseases that tended to be contagious when the earlier models were applied to the new areas of research. This paper nil1 discuss the coiise-r.?ltiices c~i transferring one set of ideas-the human-relations approach-from industrial relztions theory, and appiying those ideas to analysis of the struct'clre of the x n t a i hospital, without fully considering the implications of other aspects of the theory.


Purpose: To report a case of oncocytoma of the caruncle. Case summary: A 63-year-old woman visited our clinic due to a mass in her left caruncle that developed five months prior to admission. At the time of her visit, her visual acuity was 0.8 in the right eye and 1.0 in the left eye, and there was a small mass in her left eye. She did not have any pain, and no discharge was apparent. All blood sample results were within the normal range. Also, we did not perform any radiologic studies. We administered systemic antibiotics and excised the mass from the caruncle of her left eye. Her biopsy read 'Oval cells with cytoplasm stuffed with eosinophilic granular material'. These findings are compatible with oncocytoma of the caruncle. Conclusions: The oncocytoma of the caruncle requires regular follow-up, which differs from the treatment plans for hemangioma, nevi, and cysts. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2010;51(4):598-600


The development of a new transit system, H-Bahn, from the manufacturer's perspective is presented in the paper. Design and operating considerations are provided. The paper goes on to describe the first application of the technology in a public setting, giving the requirements for application and what equipment the manufacturer provided to meet these requirements. (Author abstract)


In [9] L. Moser classified all manifolds obtained by Dehn surgery on torus knots. In particular she proved the following (see also [8, Chapter IV]). Theorem 1 [9]. Nontrivial surgery with slope m/n on a nontrivial torus knot T(p, q) gives a manifold with cyclic fundamental group iff m = npq ± 1 and the manifold obtained is the lens space L(m, nq2).


Salted duck egg yolks and sweet potatoes as major raw materials were made into saccharose free pies, with which low sugar moon cakes were produced. Studied in this paper were the formula, process flow, technical essentials and quality standards for producing such moon cakes.


Parental influence on children's development is commonly accepted as essential, while the way how parents affect preschool students' information and communication technology (ICT) use at school needs a further exploration. This exploratory study is aimed to contribute to a better understanding of parental influence on children's Augmented Reality (AR) use at preschool education by analyzing interview data collected from parents whose children have worked at school with both; AR didactical resources and traditional didactical resources. The study identified and organized parent ́s perspective into five components: motivation, knowledge, reading and writing, creativity and degree of satisfaction. The relationships among these components were often complex with intriguing similarities and differences among the participants. According to parents, the findings suggest that there are a lot of benefits in using a technological competitive tool based on AR: the integration of several components in order to achieve a common goal, the possibility of managing the execution of the exercises in several contexts, or the system availability. © 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of the programme committee of the 2013 International Conference on Virtual and Augmented Reality in Education.


This work aimed to prepare and study the characteristic feature of lead nanoparticles (PbNPS) and follow its effects on some physiological aspects in rats.PbNPS was prepared by laser ablation of pure lead mass with a pulse of 500 and 100 mJ of energy. The results indicated that the wavelength was approximately 196 and the concentration was reported at 53,8967 mg / L. AFM, as the average diameter has been estimated at 69.93 nm. EFSEM shows the spherical shape of the particle.The experimental animals (rats) were divided into two groups, with seven rats for each one. The first group was a control and the second group was injected with 1 milliliter of PbNPS (53.8673 mg/l) per day for 45 days. Bioaccumulated lead ( in liver, spleen kidney and muscles), total serum proteins, albumin, ALT, AST, ALP and antioxidants (GSH, SOD, CAT, and MDA) were estimated.By comparison to the control, PbNPS exposed animals. There were no significant differences in the bioaccumulated lead. In contrast, there was a significant reduction in total serum protein, albumin, GSH, SOD, CAT. Also, there was an increase in serum ALT, AST, ALP and MDA.


Merger & Acquisition is an arrangement that brings two or more company together to gain an competitive advantage in the market. Banking sector is the financial pillar of the economy in India it plays a vital role in the functioning of the economy. This research has been carried out on merger and acquisition of Banking companies and their effect of the share prices of the acquiring company. Secondary data was used i.e. the share prices of Bank of Baroda, Vijaya Bank and Dena Bank of last 6 months pre and post-merger of the Bank. Paired Sample T test is used to analyse the data in this study, and the result obtain from the study shows that there is significant difference is the share price of the bank before and after the merger. It means there was significant impact of mergers and acquisition on share price of respective banks.

Key Words:Mergers, Acquisition, Banking performance, Share Prices, Stock Exchanges


Fast neutron fluence and absorbed dose distribution from Am-Be neutron source has been measured inside water phantom using cellulose nitrate (LR-115) solid state nuclear track detector (SSNTD). The absorbed doses calculated using fluence –Kerma Conversion factors have been compared with those calculated by using fast neutron scattering cross sections for Hydrogen and Oxygen. The relaxation length and build up factors have been measured. An empirical formula was proposed for depth dose calculations. Dose equivalent as well as effective dose in each of the various human body tissues are extracted by weighting the measured dose according to the International Commission of Radiological Protection (ICRP) latest published weighting factors.


The collapse of engineering structures can cause significant casualties and have negative social effects. Collapse accident investigation can elucidate the potential causes and mechanisms of the collapse accident, thus remediating future structural collapse and enhancing the resilience. However, there are some obstacles to investigating complicated collapse accidents using conventional methods. For example, the out-syncs between on-site investigation and simulation analysis are intractable and can make discovering the cause of collapse accidents difficult. Hence, a digital twin-based investigation method for collapse accidents was proposed. First, basic virtual digital building models are established using real-world information. Then, after mapping the data from the real world into the virtual space, the corresponding highly realistic multistage models before and after the building collapse accident are constructed and synchronized. Using the digital twin method, investigators with multidisciplinary knowledge can efficiently integrate, update, and check the models. Finally, the potential collapse mechanism was revealed with the assistance of the corresponding models. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed digital twin-based investigation method, a real collapse accident investigation is utilized as an example. These results validated our method.


In order to increase the control performance, many control algorithms utilize the acceleration information as a reference signal. An end-effector's velocity is mapped from joint velocity through multiplication with a Jacobian matrix. Therefore, in order to derive the joint acceleration corresponding to the desired trajectory of an end-effector, Jacobian differentiation should be calculated. Numerical methods for Jacobian differentiation are easy to implement and provide sufficiently accurate approximations. However, they incur high computational costs due to the iterative calculation of element-wise derivations. Also, numerical error is inevitable and it can no longer be ignored in near the singular point. Therefore, it is rather hard to compute control algorithm accurately in real-time. To resolve this problem, an analytical method for the differentiation is introduced in this paper. Since it does not need any approximation, it gives accurate result. In order to verify the effectiveness, the method is compared to the numerical derivation through computer simulations.


During the Anti-Rightist struggle of 1957,a lot of historians were categorized as Rightists and were severely criticized.This article reviews the struggle with the example of Lei Haizong.During the previous zhengfeng and mingfang movements Lei Haizong had expressed some academic views different from the mainstream ideology,so he was criticized in the Anti-Rightist struggle as a typical Rightist in historical field.Based on the analysis of the example of Lei Haizong,the paper holds that the Anti-Rightist struggle in the historical field was absolutely unnecessary and it has had severe negative impact on the historical studies in China.


From the point of view of system engineering, this paper comprehensively considers the planning characteristics of six problems, such as optimization object, transportation service mode, network capability, commodity flow integrity, optimization criteria and solution method. Starting with the basic transportation scenario modeling, this paper subdivides the problem of multimodal transport path planning according to the nature of goods, and further systematically studies the complex transportation scenario modeling and precise solution strategy design of multimodal transport path planning. Taking the dynamic response characteristics of heavy vehicle cargo transportation as the research object, the closed-loop "intelligent speed control-heavy vehicle-cargo packaging-road geometric alignment" system (ITGRS) was established by ADAMS/Truck and MATLAB/smulink as the test platform. From the perspective of multi-body system dynamics and vehicle-road interaction, the impact mechanism of vibration and impact response of packaging system and road geometric alignment design defects on driving safety was emphatically analyzed. The GRS platform proposed in this paper has important practical significance in standardizing and guiding the safe transportation of goods, road alignment design and traffic operation safety.


Smart objects which are actually companied with the energy efficient micro controllers, Low power radio frequencies transceivers and actuators as well as sensors. The expansion of an extended range of gadgets ready to be specifically associated to the Internet and It is leading to a new ubiquitous-computing paradigm: the Internet of Things (IoT). Internet of Things aims at providing smarter services to the end-user or the environment.In the era of internet of thing s IPv6 is promising protocols for the complex and distributed network. This article facilitates the design of IPv6 and internet of things with cloud computing architecture. It also provided the current working methodologies of IPv6 and its Low power protocols architecture and exhausted IPv4 Header and Addressing comparative studies. Keywords— IPv6; Internet of Things; Cloud Computing;


The reading culture is one of the valuable assets that boost human generative powers of thinking for new innovations and development of personal talents. Besides the prevalence of the importance of reading in order to expand the literacy related knowledge, we are looking deeper into developing human with spiritual values.
This paper will discuss the efforts of Selangor State Library Corporation, Malaysia towards promoting and encouraging reading programmes for all kinds of readers. Contemporary examples of programmes successfully implemented in a unique way with active participation from stake holders are shared, such as gathering people to read in a large scale, creating the best collaboration in the state-level book fairs, outreaching the low-income communities with smart mobile libraries, and enhancing spiritual awareness among the Muslim society through Quran reading.
Certain elements need to be in place in reaching our objectives, one that will require support from the leaders to acknowledge and take measurable actions to ensure fruitful planning and execution. This includes all librarians, school administrators, teachers, government agencies, parish and village councils, students, youth clubs, non-governmental organizations and individuals nationwide.
This paper will conclude with recommendations and impacts of the programmes. As a conclusion, libraries help to raise a reader, create solidarity in societies, shape great character and develop human with values.

To raise a reader (responsibility)
Why : Reading for what :builds the enthusiasm and skills for lifelong learning, reading for pleasure. Exams preparation , to gain knowledge. can make a difference in the lives of individuals and the life of our nation. Spiritual input – Quran Reading.

Building a nation of readers:
Who - Focus on what leaders do in engaging new readers
PPAS element :
Library as My Second Home
Library as Learning Center
Library as Human Development Center
Library As meeting place
Library as Recreational Center
nurturing a love of reading that can last a lifetime:
Form a steering group ( Jkuasa Gerakan Membaca)
Parents/Teachers/PIBG


The authors describe a technique for reinforcing sternal wound closure that is recommended for high-risk wounds and for use after sternal dehiscence.


The utility model relates to a double-shaft photovoltaic generator with the function of tracking sunlight automatically, in particular to a double-shaft photovoltaic generator capable of tracking solar energy. The double-shaft photovoltaic generator comprises a base and is characterized in that an intermediate part (5) and an angle driver (6) are arranged on a stand column (7), the angle driver (6) is connected with a speed reducer in a transmitting way, a central shaft of the speed reducer is connected with the intermediate part (5), a worm gear part of the speed reducer is connected with a supporting module (3), a nut is also arranged on the supporting module (3), a matched screw (4) penetrates through the nut and is connected with a truss module (2), and the other end of the screw (4) is connected with a linear driver in a transmitting way by the speed reducer so as to adjust the elevation angle of the truss module (2). In the photovoltaic generator, as a double-shaft automatic tracking device is arranged, the whole solar panel can rotate along with the angle of sunlight all the time; and the structure is simple, the energy consumption for tracking sunlight is low, and the safety performance is high.


Abstract : The overpressure field around an M68 tank cannon firing an M735 round was studied. Pressure transducers were located from 15 to 400 calibers from the muzzle and at 30 degree increments around the gun. The investigation yielded a detailed picture of the flow field, as displayed by overpressure traces. Comparisons of the overpressure data with a prediction method show better agreement for the measured points nearer to the muzzle. The peak overpressure, time-of-arrival, and positive-phase-duration data will be used together with other gun blast data to modify and improve the present prediction method. Observed anomalous pulses were also investigated but their origins remain unknown.


In recent times, a novel category of nonlinear physical models known as dual-mode nonlinear equations has emerged. These equations include various real-valued dual-mode equations linked to widely-known single-mode equations like KdV, mKdV, Schrödinger and Burger's. Extensive research has been conducted to establish and investigate these equations. This study presents a novel dual-mode derivative nonlinear Schrödinger equation that incorporates new parameters for dissipative effects, nonlinearity, and interaction phase velocity. Various methods such as the tanh-coth scheme, extended exponential method, Kudryashov-scheme and the sine-cosine function methods are employed to investigate the solutions of the model. The obtained solutions are illustrated through graphical 2D and 3D and to demonstrate their dynamics and shapes. Furthermore, the interaction of the dual-waves is correlated with changes in the phase-velocity parameter. This model describes propagation of two simultaneously directional waves instead of as in standard Schrödinger equation. For the propagation of solitons in nonlinear optics, the solutions found in this study have important significance. All the resulting solutions can help to comprehend the underlying mechanisms for numerous nonlinear phenomena in diverse domains, including nonlinear optics, plasma physics, Bose–Einstein condensates and others.


Spin crossover particles of formula [Fe{(Htrz)2(trz)}0.9(NH2‐trz)0.3](BF4)1.1 and average size of 20 nm ± 8 nm are homogeneously dispersed in poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐trifluoro‐ethylene), P(VDF‐TrFE), and poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) matrices to form macroscopic (cm‐scale), freestanding, and flexible nanocomposite materials. The composites exhibit concomitant thermal expansion and discharge current peaks on cycling around the spin transition temperatures, i.e., new "product properties" resulting from the synergy between the particles and the matrix. Poling the P(VDF‐TrFE) (70–30 mol%) samples loaded with 25 wt% of particles in 18 MV m−1 electric field results in a piezoelectric coefficient d33 = −3.3 pC N−1. The poled samples display substantially amplified discharges and altered spin transition properties. Analysis of mechanical and dielectric properties reveals that both strain (1%) and permittivity (40%) changes in the composite accompany the spin transition in the particles, giving direct evidence for strong electromechanical couplings between the components. These results provide a novel route for the deployment of molecular spin crossover materials as actuators in artificial muscles and generators in thermal energy harvesting devices.


Summary: An analysis of the relationship between Joseph Ratzinger and the Lutherans reveals that the German theologian was able to point out the greatest challenges between the Lutheran and the Catholic approaches to Theology. Guided by the principle of truth, and
relying on faith and reason, the article offers insights into the "holistic vision" provided by Ratzinger, which allows him to bring out the problem of the Lutheran theology: the centrality of the "I", or of the subject, as a guiding principle. This Copernican shift leads to many consequences, which had, and still have, a strong impact on Catholic theology and which often lead to subjectivism, individualism, relativism and the loss of identity.

Key words: Scripture, Lutherans, "I", Theology, Truth, Reformation, Church.

Parole chiave: Scrittura, Luterani, "Io", Teologia, Verita, Riforma, Chiesa.


Polyethylene glycol(PEG)-conjugated vaccine of Vibrio harveyi was made by PEG which was used for ultrasonic carrier and ultrasonic medium,and by the inactivation methods of transient high-temperature,high press and shearing force of ultrasonic.For comparing the difference between two kinds of vaccine,the PEG-conjugated vaccine and traditional vaccine were injected into Cryprinuscarpiod intraperitioneally,respectively,then the percentage of phagocytosis,the index of phagocytosis,antibacterial activities,antibody titer and relative percent survival were checked.The results showed all the indicators and absolute value of PEG group were significantly higher than other experimental groups.And the relative percent survival was 89.5% for PEG 6000 vaccine,which is the highest,and it was 31.6% higher than that of traditional inactivated group.PEG 6000 vaccine could provide the best protection for Cryprinuscarpiod against Vibrio harveyi.


Twitter messages (tweets) contain various types of information, which include health-related information. Analysis of health-related tweets would help us understand health conditions and concerns encountered in our daily life. In this work, we evaluated an approach to extracting causal relations from tweets using natural language processing (NLP) techniques. We focused on three health-related topics: stress", "insomnia", and "headache". We proposed a set of lexico-syntactic patterns based on dependency parser outputs to extract causal information. A large dataset consisting of 24 million tweets were used. The results show that our approach achieved an average precision between 74.59% and 92.27%. Analysis of extracted relations revealed interesting findings about health-related in Twitter."


In this thesis, we use and contribute to the theory of random matrix products in order to study generic properties of elements and subgroups of linear groups. Our first result gives a probabilistic version of the Tits alternative : we show that two independent random walks M_n and M'_n on a non virtually solvable finitely generated linear group will eventually generate a non abelian free subgroup. This answers a question of Guivarc'h and Gilman, Miasnikov and Osin. We show in fact that the probability that M_n and M'_n do not generate a free subgroup decreases exponentially fast to zero. Our methods rely deeply on random matrix products theory. During the proof we give some new limit theorems concerning this theory, some of them will be the generalization of known results for matrices taking value in archimedean fields to arbitrary local fields, others will be new even over R. For example, we show that under natural assumptions on the random walk, the K-parts of M_n in the KAK decomposition become asymptotically independent with exponential speed. Next, we use these properties to study the transience of algebraic subvarieties in algebraic groups. One of our results can be formulated as follows: let H be a non elementary subgroup of SL_2(R), a probability measure with an exponential moment whose support generates H, then for every proper algebraic subvariety V of SL_2(R), the probability that the random walk lies in V decreases exponentially fast to zero. This shows that every proper algebraic subvariety is transient for the random walk. We generalize this result to the case where the support of the probability measure generates a Zariski dense subgroup of the real points of an algebraic group defined and split over R. These results share common flavor with recent works of Kowalski and Rivin


In recent years, numerous hospitals have linked patient infections to Klebsiella pneumoniae producing Enterobacterales (KPCE) and other resistant bacterial species in their wastewater systems and handwashing sinks. Wastewater plumbing provides a reservoir for bacteria, making them incredibly difficult to eliminate through traditional disinfection methods. Data suggests that patients become infected when bacteria grow or migrate up the proximal wastewater plumbing and into the sink basin, and are subsequently dispersed onto surrounding surfaces. Therefore, a novel electronic device was developed that acts at the highest risk area, just below the sink drain, to heat and dry out the biofilm and creating a biofilm barrier and prevent upward growth from the sink trap. The efficacy of the first prototype of a tailpiece heater (TPH) in preventing drain colonization was tested using GFP-expressing Escherichia coli (GFP-E. coli) as the challenge organism. In control sinks without the TPH, GFP-E. coli biofilm grew from the p-trap upwards to colonize the drain within 7 days. Sinks with a TPH set to 75°C were found to prevent sink drain colonization. In contrast, 65°C was not adequate to prevent drain colonization. Using KPCE the TPH was more effective than no heat control in preventing drain colonization in sinks over time. Lastly, when challenged with seeding from above, the TPH also effectively prevented KPCE colonization at the drain level. Heating of the tailpiece may offer a safe, effective, and economically attractive approach to preventing the spread of resistant bacterial species from contaminated drain biofilm to patients.


WorldHealth Organization recommended that episiotomy should not exceed 10% forspontaneous vaginal deliveries and it should be performed only withindications. This independent study aimed to develop CNPG for the assessment ofindications for episiotomy based on the national health and medical researchcouncil (NHMRC) and participatory development process.  Subjects included 6 nurse-midwives in thelabor room and 12 pregnant women who underwent vaginal delivery. Datacollection was done in November, 2012. Results of the CNPG consisted of 9components (18 nursing activities) including; 1) first time mother, 2) have a historyof heart disease, seizure, and hypertension, 3) a perineal  body shorter than 4 centimeters, 4) previousepisiotomy with suture or scar, 5) is a preterm birth, breech or mal-positions,6) estimated fetal weight > 3,500 grams, 7) poor maternal effort, 8) is aprolonged labor, and 9) Have fetal distress.  Mason criterion for standards of care wasused to verity the quality of the CNPG, in which results show that all 18activities were 100% completed. All 6 nurse-midwives reported high satisfactionlevels toward the CNPG in terms of usefulness, manpower and budget appropriate,practical to use, able to reduce unnecessary episiotomy and severity ofperineal tears/trauma. Additional comment was the indication about fetal weight> 3,500 grams may need to consider with other indication such as perinealelasticity.


In this paper, we propose the concept of cohomological operator. Concretely, we suggest the cohomological differential operator, correlative cohomological differential operator and extensive cohomological differential operator and bring covariant derivative into the extensive cohomological differential operator, We construct one type of nonlinear differential equations by extensive cohomological differential operator and compare the obtained resales with the Yang-Mills equation.


OBJECTIVES: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is associated with significant cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The study objectives were to examine the prevalence of PAD and associated risk factors.


BACKGROUND
Zika virus is an emerging arbovirus of global importance. ZIKV infection is associated with a range of neurological complications such as the Congenital Zika Syndrome and Guillain Barré Syndrome. Despite the magnitude of recent outbreaks, there is no specific therapy to prevent or to alleviate disease pathology.

OBJECTIVE
To investigate the role of P-MAPA immunomodulator in Zika-infected THP-1 cells.

METHODS
THP-1 cells were subjected at Zika virus infection (Multiplicity of Infection = 0.5) followed by treatment with P-MAPA for until 96 hours post-infection. After that, the cell death was analyzed by annexin+/ PI+ and caspase 3/ 7+ staining by flow cytometry. In addition, the virus replication and cell proliferation were accessed by RT-qPCR and Ki67 staining, respectively.

RESULTS
We demonstrate that P-MAPA in vitro treatment significantly reduces Zika virus-induced cell death and caspase-3/7 activation on THP-1 infected cells, albeit it has no role in virus replication and cell proliferation.

CONCLUSIONS
Our study reveals that P-MAPA seems to be a satisfactory alternative to inhibits the effects of Zika virus infection in mammalian cells.


To check the validity of the latest version of the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI‐2000), which contains geomagnetic activity dependence based on an empirical storm time ionospheric correction (STORM model), comparison of measured foF2 values with those obtained from the model was made. To quantify the degree of accuracy of the IRI‐2000 model during disturbed conditions, the relative difference between the model outputs (with STORM model turned on and turned off options) and experimental data was calculated. The ionosonde foF2 data used were obtained at Ebro Observatory (40.8°N, 0.49°E; geomagnetic latitude 43.2°N) during intense geomagnetic storms occurring in the years 2000 and 2001 (high solar activity). Although only a few case study comparisons have been made, the results show that during storm conditions, predicted values with the STORM model included in IRI‐2000 follow the variations of foF2 data better than IRI‐2000 without the STORM model. In general, IRI‐2000 with the STORM model has almost 30–40% improvement over IRI‐2000 without the STORM model. The greater deviations between model outputs and observations are observed during the end of the main phase and early stage of the recovery phase. For this station, in general, IRI predictions with the STORM model underestimate foF2 data in February–March and significantly overestimate them in April–May.


Subliminal hypoglycemia therapy (subcoma therapy, modified insulin therapy) is rarely practised in modern psychiatry. This study reports on the therapy of 105 patients (2619 single treatments) suffering from therapy-resistant schizophrenia. Evaluation was retrospective. Remarkably, 46.7% of the patients responded positively to a 4-6 week course of insulin therapy. In 26.6%, the effect was moderate. Tolerance ist good.


Question # 2 below was a problem from the Monthly of the Mathematical Association of America. It was solved by David Burns, who earned his PhD in mathematics from NDSU in 1993. Question #1 will be dispatched rather quickly. We ask the perennial question:


The dynamics of xylem and phloem growth ring formation in silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) was studied during the growing season 2003. Blocks of tissue, containing phloem, cambium and outer xylem, were taken weekly from two apparently healthy silver fir trees. According to the observations of transverse sections under light microscope, the cambial cell divisional activity began in early May on the phloem and xylem side simultaneously. Priorto this activity, differentiation of one or two layers of the phloem derivatives began to take place. Cambial activity ceased at the end of August.Differentiation of the terminal late wood tracheids adjacent to cambiumwas completed by the end of October and of the phloem cell by the end of September. Cell production on the xylem side of healthy firs was more intense and the variability in widths of the growth rings across the stem circumference was also greater compared to the phloem.


This paper presents a new methodology of distributed state fusion by using the sparse-grid quadrature filter to deal with the fusion estimation problem for multi-sensor nonlinear systems. In this methodology, the sparse-grid quadrature filter is performed in a distributed manner to process the information at each local node; and subsequently, a distributed state fusion approach based on matrix weighting is established in the sense of mean square error, in which a flexible procedure is developed based on the sparse-grid quadrature rule to calculate the cross-covariances between any two local estimators for multi-sensor nonlinear systems. The proposed methodology of distributed fusion can obtain higher fusion estimation accuracy in a flexible way, leading to improved fusion performance for multi-sensor nonlinear systems. The simulations and experiments in INS/CNS/GNSS (inertial navigation system/celestial navigation system/global navigation satellite system) integration verifies the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.


Iodine in Solanumnigrum, Amaranthaceaeand Cucurbitacucurbitaceawas pre-concentrated using new adsorbent of a powdered mixture of millet tassels (MT), maize cobs (MC) and beans husks (BH). Prior to its use, powdered MT, MC and BH were separately treated with thionylchloride (SOCl2) in dimethylformaldehyde (DMF), filtered then dried. The resulting solid was refluxed in ethylenediamine for 4 hours. The surface characteristics of the adsorbents were determined using fourier transform infrared. Batch sorption experiments were carried out to determine the optimum conditions of pH, concentration, dosage and time for the adsorption of iodine. Correlation coefficient obtains by modelling data to Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were compared to determine the best model for adsorption. Sorption kinetics was studied using pseudo first order and pseudo second order. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Date of Submission: 29-04-2019 Date of acceptance: 13-05-2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


The Ai Shan ditch is irrigation construction which Dao Yong lead the yellow river to the Ningxia plain,from the selected location of outfall to dam construction of the canal head. Leading water techniques of the Ai Shan ditch is very reasonable and forerunner. The Ai Shan ditch is Large-scale from the main channel construction and the layout. It basically achieved the irrigation biggest area to be able flow automatically in the West bank of the Yellow River. The irrigation area of the Ai Shan ditch is about 4285 hectare. It urges overall instauration and the development of agriculture in the Yin Chuan plain and becomes main grain production base in the northwest frontier in Northern Dynasties Northern Wei. When Dao Yong built the Ai Shan ditch,he carried on the on-the-spot investigation and the survey to the front generation of relic of irrigation ditch and left more detailed with accurate data and filled up Han Dynasty Western Han and Eastern Han hydraulic engineering the blank of the research in the Yin Chuan plain. The Ai Shan ditch is the classic irrigation engineering whom the national minority political regime accomplish. It promote biggest the development of water conservation enterprise in the Yin Chuan plain and establish the history foundation of the"sai shang jiangnan".


The paper reported an experimental study on the post-buckling shear strength of I-sectional beams with tapered webs.The comparison with FEM(Finite Element Method) analysis is carried out and reasonable agreement between the test and the FEA(Finite Element Analysis) is observed.A design formula is proposed that the post-buckling shear strength is determined by multiplying the counterpart of the uniform beam by a taper reduction factor.The comparison with test and expanded FEM analysis shows an excellent effectiveness of the proposed formula.


This article examines how the time of translation can influence the translation strategy the translator chooses when translating modern and historical realia. The material for the research was six Russian translations of Mark Twain's novel The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. The author chose three realia (moccasins, Pain-killer, clerk), which fit the definition of modern and historical realia provided at the beginning of the article. With the help of the dictionaries published at the same time as the various translations, the author analyzed the strategies the translators used when translating those realia. The research results are of practical importance for translators tackling the problem of translating modern and historical realia.


OBJECTIVE
To study chemical constituents of antibacterial activity fraction of Angelica polymorpha.

METHODS
Compounds were isolated by repeatedly silica gel column chromatography and recrystallization. Their structures were identified by physical and chemical evidences and spectral methods.

RESULTS
Seven compounds were obtained from the antibacterial activity fraction, their structures were elucidated as: bisabolangelone(I), isoimperatorin (II), oxypeucedanine(III), isooxypeucedanine(IV), oxypeucedanin hydrate(V), bergapten(VI), pabulenol(VII).

CONCLUSION
Bisabolangelone(I) is obtained from this plant for the first time. Compound (II)-(VII) belong to linear furanocourmarins.


The phosphor according to the present disclosure, boron, which rare earth element is doped with nitrogen and oxygen to the host material mainly, its composition formula B (l) O (m) N (n): represented by Z. Here, B is boron, O is oxygen, N is the nitrogen, Z is shown a rare earth element. Further, l, m, n represents the element content.


Introduction This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of diarrhea among children under 5 years of age and the associated factors. Method An analytical study was conducted in 190 selected households in two peri-urban Health Zones of the city of Kisangani, during the period of 22-31 December 2019. Using SPSS 20 software, the prevalence of diarrhea in children under 5 years of age was determined, multivariate analysis of factors associated with diarrhea was performed by adjusted ORs derived from a top-down stepwise logistic regression model and WALD Chisquare at the 5% significance level. Results The overall prevalence of diarrhoea was 4.5% (CI95: 4%-5%), about three times higher in children under 5 years of age (13% CI95: 10%-16%). No difference in prevalence with unsanitized villages (p>0.05); Household water treatment (aOR=0.07; CI95 =0.015-0.366) and use of improved toilets (aOR=0.157 CI95=0.031-0.79) protect against diarrhoea; water storage time of 48 hours or more increases the risk of diarrhoea about 7.5 times (aOR=7.39; CI95 =3.16-17.3). Conclusion Household prevalence of diarrhoea among children under five years of age remains high. Reducing water storage time to 24 hours, home water treatment and hygienic excreta disposal are essential actions to promote.


In order to successfully transmit information of the explosion test spots status and seismic wave recorded by the equipments to spot headquarters during the experiments " Strait artificial seismic explosion observation across the Taiwan ",an communication networks construction scheme based on the existing communication devices and the explosion test spots communication signals intensity trials is put forward.The network can be used to connect spot headquarters to the general office headquarter,and also the spot headquarters to explosion test spots.Communication between peels and coordination of explosion test is facilitate over the network in the scheme VSAT satellite network,maritime satellite network,3G mobile communication networks serve as the transmission media.To design the scheme,firstly,both advantages and disadvantages of various communication methods are introduced.Then,available networking schemes and suitable schemes for each explosion test spot are analyzed.Finally basic communication schemes for each explosion test spot are designed upon analysis above.


We show for a model system previously studied by Moiseyev et al. (1978, Molec. Phys., 36, 1613) how, with a basis of sufficient flexibility, the wave-function of the complex coordinate method can approach the function which can be directly obtained from a numerical integration of the wave equation with a complex coordinate and a complex energy. Diagrams of the complex wavefunction are used to visualize its behaviour in the short and long range regions, and the attenuation (localization) produced by the rotation.


In 1950, the US population was just over 152 million. Today, the population exceeds 298 million. Growth has not been even; much of it has occurred in the West and South. Although every state grew in population between 1950 and 2004, just three states – California, Texas, and Florida – accounted for 30% of the population growth (Table 1). Furthermore, these three states, which together represent 14% of the US land area, are projected to account for half of the total US population growth over the next twenty years. Yet the New York metropolitan area, with a population of over 20 million, is the largest metropolitan area in the US and one of the largest in the world; the population of the New England and Middle Atlantic States made up 21% of the US total, though the eleven states account for only five percent of the land area.


Experimental and clinical data show that bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSC) can contribute to myocardial regeneration after ischemic injury. We present results of intracoronary infusion of autologous BMSCs in treatment of patients (pts) with acute myocardial infarction (MI). 36 pts with first, anterior wall MI, successfully treated with percutaneous coronary angioplasty were enrolled into the study. 24 pts, aged 50.1±9.05 yrs received intracoronary BMSC infusion 4 to 7 days after MI. Control group consisted of 12 pts, aged 51.6±8.7 yrs. In BMSC group BM in total volume 80 (50–150) ml was collected from iliac crest to buffered saline with heparine. After isolation and 18–24 hrs cultivation BMSCs were resuspended in autologous plasma in final volume 12.25±2.05 ml. The mean number of MNC, CD34+, CD133+/CD45+ and CD133+/CD45− cells were respectively: 0.41±0.18x10e9, 3.89±1.45x10e6, 0.96±0.6x10e6, 0.15±0.1x10e6. Transplanted material was divided into 3–5 portion and injected directly to infarcted area (Strauer method). Left ventricular function was evaluated by echocardiography (contactility index, CI), Tc-99 MIBI SPECT (perfusion index, PI) at rest (R) and with dipiridamol (D) and radionuclide ventriculography (ejection fraction, EF) at baseline and after 3, 6, 12 months (mo). CI and PI were assessed in left ventricle and infarct related artery (IRA) area. Control coronary angiography was performed after 6 mo. No adverse effects of BM aspiration in early MI were observed. One pts revealed chills and fever and 1 acute pulmonary oedema after cell infusion. Control angiography revealed restenosis in 3 pts from BMSC and 2 from control group. Results of cardiac test are presented in table. Conclusions: Intracoronary autologous BMNCs transplantation is safe and feasible. Improvement of left ventricular function was observed in BMSC group, mainly concerning perfusion. No accelerated atherosclerosis was seen after intracoronary BMSC administration.


Introduction: In asthma, maintenance and reliever therapy (MART) with inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)/formoterol reduces exacerbations compared to fixed-dose therapy with ICS/long-acting β2-agonist. No studies have investigated MART in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: COPD patients (smoking >10 pack years; post-bronchodilator FEV1 Results: 194 patients were randomised (MART n=103; fixed-dose n=91). No significant difference was seen between MART and fixed-dose therapy in number of exacerbations (58 vs 52, respectively, relative risk (RR) 0.98 [95% CI 0.77-1.26]; p=0.90) (table 1). Similar proportions of patients reported adverse events (MART: 73.1% vs fixed-dose: 67.1%, p=0.38), but more patients had pneumonia with MART vs fixed-dose therapy (8 [7.8%] vs 1 [1.1%], respectively, RR 7.07 [95% CI 0.90-55.44]; p=0.04). Conclusions: In COPD, budesonide/formoterol MART is equally effective as fluticasone/salmeterol fixed-dose therapy, but pneumonia was more common with budesonide/formoterol MART.


Bis(8-hydroxyquinolate-5-sulfonate)zinc anion (ZQS2−) and dodecyl sulfonate anion (DDS−) have been co-intercalated into the layered double hydroxide host (MnAl LDH, M2+ = Mg, Zn, n = 2, 3) by a hydrothermal co-precipitation method, with samples denoted as DDS–ZQS(x%)/LDH (x stands for the molar percentage content of ZQS with respect to DDS + ZQS). The structure and chemical composition of the resulting compounds were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), FT-IR and elemental analysis. Their films obtained by the solvent evaporation method have a well-defined c-orientation confirmed by XRD and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis (TG–DTA) results elucidate that the thermal stability of ZQS is enhanced upon co-intercalation. The fluorescent studies show that the luminous behavior (wavelength, intensity, lifetime and quantum yield) of ZQS is correlated with the fluorophore content and can be modulated by controlling the host–guest and guest–guest interaction through changing the ratio of DDS to ZQS, metal species and positive charge density of the LDH host layer. DDS–ZQS(5%)/Mg2Al LDH exhibits the optimal luminous intensity and the longest lifetime among the DDS–ZQS(x%)/Mg2Al LDH samples.


In this paper, we present the development of Computing at School (CAS), a UK membership association established in 2008 to promote and support the teaching of Computing and related disciplines in UK schools. Its membership is broad and includes teachers, parents, examiners, university faculty, professional societies and industry.
 CAS was born out of a serious concern that many students in the UK are disengaging from Computing as a discipline. The goal of CAS is to put the excitement back into Computing at school, as well as to influence Computing education policy in the UK, especially improving the wider perception of the discipline and its position within the STEM subject area.


We report experiments and molecular dynamics calculations on the kinetics of electrodeposited lithium dendrites relaxation as a function of temperature and time. We found that the experimental average length of dendrite population decays via stretched exponential functions of time toward limiting values that depend inversely on temperature. The experimental activation energy derived from initial rates as E_a~ 6-7 kcal/mole, which is closely matched by MD calculations, based on the ReaxFF force field for metallic lithium. Simulations reveal that relaxation proceeds in several steps via increasingly larger activation barriers. Incomplete relaxation at lower temperatures is therefore interpreted a manifestation of cooperative atomic motions into discrete topologies that frustrate monotonic progress by 'caging'.


EACH YEAR, NEARLY 1 MILLION OLDER ADULTS ARE HOSpitalized in the United States for treatment of an acute illness. Although many hospitalizations are necessary and lead to improvement, iatrogenic complications are common. All too frequently, older patients develop infections, pressure ulcers, delirium, adverse effects from treatment, and falls resulting in injury, among other complications. According to a report by the Office of the Inspector General, 7.4% of Medicare beneficiaries who were hospitalized in 2008 experienced a preventable adverse event. To improve the quality and safety of hospital care, Congress has enacted several broad programs that mandate reporting of quality, safety, patient experience, and adverse events and that provide financial incentives to improve performance. An insidious and underappreciated complication associated with hospitalization of older adults for acute illness is the loss of independence that comes from the inability to perform self-care functions. As noted by Covinsky et al in this issue of JAMA, at least 30% of patients aged 70 years and older and hospitalized with a medical illness are discharged with a new disability that was not present before the onset of illness. Hospitalization-associated disability involves the new loss of ability, by discharge, to perform at least 1 of the basic activities of daily living (ADLs), such as bathing or showering, dressing, transferring out of a bed or chair, eating, and walking without assistance. The loss of independence has profound implications for these patients often, portending long-term care in a nursing home, repeat hospitalization, and even death. Despite the importance of hospitalization-associated disability, it is virtually ignored by health care professionals and policy makers. One reason for this lack of awareness is that healthrelated quality of life and sustainability of independence are not measured as outcomes of care. The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) publishes hospital quality measures on its Hospital Compare Web site, but neither the current nor proposed hospital quality metrics measure healthrelated quality of life. Starting in October 2012, Medicare will reward hospitals that provide this sort of high-quality care for their patients and withhold a portion of payments to those hospitals that do not through the hospital ValueBased Purchasing (VBP) program. Inpatient, prospective payment hospitals will contribute 1% of their Medicare base operating diagnosis related group payments to a VBP pool of dollars. Hospitals will be eligible to receive a VBP payment amount based on a composite quality score. Initially, that score will comprise a hospital's performance in process measures and the patient's experience in the hospital. The amount of money at risk increases in succeeding years, and the list of measures will expand to include adverse events, efficiency, and mortality, but no measures of physical function or other aspects of health-related quality of life. Thus, the VBP program will not fully measure and reward value from the patient's standpoint. Most hospitals will focus time and energy only on improving those measures that are publically reported and that determine reimbursement. Physical function and other dimensions of quality of life should be measured over the course of illness. Simple, valid, and reliable instruments that measure functional status should be incorporated into the care process for older patients and also should be used at regular intervals and at transitions of care. The value of measurement will increase as hospitals and physicians implement electronic health records, facilitating assessment of health-related quality of life aggregated across populations of older patients to better understand trajectories and causes of physical disability. Measurement alone is not sufficient to address the problem, but measurement would facilitate assessing interventions for effectiveness. What can and should be done to avert the onset of new disability associated with an acute illness requiring hospitalization? The answer to this question remains unclear and additional study is needed. Although patients at high risk of disability can be identified prospectively, which patients have reversible and/or preventable loss of function can-


This article aims at deeply explaining the languages influencing Indonesia. Indonesian stems from Malay. In its development, however, it is much influenced on the vernacular languages spoken in the Indonesian archipelago. It is shown that Indonesian has considerable influence from Javanese, ranging from lexicons to mosphosyntax. It is also shown that English as an international language inevitably influences Indonesian due to contacts


The strategy to express emotions employed in the ancient Chinese texts is that of neglecting one's emotions. It tries to conceal one's emotions in the process of textual construction by merely implying the emotions in an roundabout way in order to arouse the emotional responses of the readers,or to express the feelings in a formalized way. Many lyrical texts collected in Guwen Guangzhi 古文观止 successfully use this strategy,offering excellent samples for the study of the strategy of emotion expression and the trait of self-reference in Chinese texts.


This paper presents a systematic approach with detailed step-by-step procedures for assessing safety risk of existing bridges in tunnel construction. The potential safety risk of a specific adjacent bridge is assessed within four different risk levels, with the spatial neighbor relation (hazard component) and the bridge health condition (vulnerability component) taken into account. Corresponding preventive measures for bridges at different risk levels are further provided according to risk assessment results. A reasonable balance between the project system safety and budget constraints is reached, where the assessed risk level plays a decisive role in the adoption of numerous simulation analysis tools. The proposed approach is applied in the construction of Wuhan Metro Line 2 (WML2) as a case study. The impact of the foundation excavation on adjacent bridge piers is further analyzed. Results demonstrate the feasibility of the developed approach, as well as its application potential.


Abstract Palladium-catalyzed bond-forming reactions, such as the Suzuki–Miyaura and Mizoroki–Heck reactions, are some of the most broadly utilized reactions within the chemical industry. These reactions frequently employ hazardous solvents; however, to adhere to increasing sustainability pressures and restrictions regarding the use of such solvents, alternatives are highly sought after. Here we demonstrate the utility of dimethyl isosorbide (DMI) as a bio-derived solvent in several benchmark Pd-catalyzed reactions: Suzuki–Miyaura (13 examples, 62–100% yield), Mizoroki–Heck (13 examples, 47–91% yield), and Sonogashira (12 examples, 65–98% yield).


Cyber security has become a major concern in the digital era. Data breaches, ID theft, cracking the captcha, and other such stories abound, affecting millions of individuals as well as organizations. The challenges have always been endless in inventing right controls and procedures and implementing them with acute perfection for tackling with cyber attacks and crimes. The ever-increasing risk of cyber attacks and crimes grew exponentially with recent advancements in artificial intelligence. It has been applied in almost every field of sciences and engineering. From healthcare to robotics, AI has created a revolution. This ball of fire couldn't be kept away from cyber criminals, and thus, the "usual" cyber attacks have now become "intelligent" cyber attacks. In this chapter, the authors discuss specific techniques in artificial intelligence that are promising. They cover the applications of those techniques in cyber security. They end the discussion talking about the future scope of artificial intelligence and cyber security.


As significant constituents of the tumor microenvironment in multiple Myeloma (MM), pro-inflammatory macrophages are key promoters of disease progression, bone destruction, and immune-impairment. Consequently, the identification of endogenous mediators of these inflammatory processes can open novel therapeutic avenues against major pathological features of MM. Here, we identify beta-2-microglobulin (β2m) as an important driver in the initiation of inflammation in myeloma-associated macrophages (MAMs). Lysosomal accumulation of phagocytosed β2m in patient-derived MAMs promoted β2m amyloid aggregation, resulting in lysosomal rupture and ultimately in the production of active interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. Interestingly, this process strictly depended on the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome after β2m accumulation, as macrophages from NLRP3-deficient mice lacked efficient β2m-induced IL-1β production. Moreover, depletion or silencing of β2m in MM cells abrogated inflammasome activation in a murine MM model. Finally, we demonstrate that specific disruption of NLRP3 or IL-18 diminished tumor growth and osteolytic bone destruction normally promoted by β2m-induced inflammasome signaling. Taken together our results provide novel mechanistic evidence for β2m's role as an NLRP3 inflammasome activator during MM pathogenesis. Moreover, inhibition of NLRP3 is a potential novel therapeutic approach to combat this severe malignancy.


This article evaluates the results of prior research on anaphoric reference in Latin, and tries to account for the various observations within a single explanatory framework. This framework combines insights from cognitive linguistic theory and from ongoing empirical research on the linguistic marking of discourse organization in Latin. After a brief discussion of recent cognitive linguistic views on the relation between deixis and anaphora, I concentrate on the various uses of the Latin demonstrative hic in Virgil's Aeneid. The examples discussed show that hic's deictic aspect of proximity can be discerned in all its uses, the variety of which can best be described in terms of a 'cline', running from canonical deixis to canonical anaphora. It is argued that in its anaphoric use, Latin hic behaves as a linguistic 'anchoring' device, and is used as part of a communicative strategy referred to as 'reculer pour mieux sauter'.


A current trend in information fusion involves distributed methods of combining both conventional "hard" sensor data and human-based "soft" information in a manner that exploits the most useful and accurate capabilities of each modality. In addition, new and evolving technologies such as Flash LIDAR have greatly enhanced the ability of a single device to rapidly sense attributes of a scene in ways that were not previously possible. At the Pennsylvania State University we are participating in a multi-disciplinary university research initiative (MURI) program funded by the U.S. Army Research Office to investigate issues related to fusing hard and soft data in counterinsurgency (COIN) situations. We are developing level 0 and level 1 methods (using the Joint Directors of Laboratories (JDL) data fusion process model) for fusion of physical ("hard") sensor data. Techniques include methods for data alignment, tracking, recognition, and identification for a sensor suite that includes LIDAR, multi-camera systems, and acoustic sensors. The goal is to develop methods that dovetail on-going research in soft sensor processing. This paper describes various hard sensor processing algorithms and their evolving roles and implementations within a distributed hard and soft information fusion system.


Short-term memory (STM) for three types of auditorily presented stimulus material was tested in 28 children with articulation deficits and 28 children with normal articulation. The stimulus materia...


Introduction
Ovine models are widely used in orthopaedic research. To better understand the impact of orthopaedic procedures computer simulations are necessary. 3D finite element (FE) models of bones allow implant designs to be investigated mechanically, thereby reducing mechanical testing.

Hypothesis
We present the development and validation of an ovine tibia FE model for use in the analysis of tibia fracture fixation plates.

Material & Methods
Mechanical testing of the tibia consisted of an offset 3-pt bend test with three repetitions of loading to 350N and return to 50N. Tri-axial stacked strain gauges were applied to the anterior and posterior surfaces of the bone and two rigid bodies – consisting of eight infrared active markers, were attached to the ends of the tibia. Positional measurements were taken with a FARO arm 3D digitiser.

The FE model was constructed with both geometry and material properties derived from CT images of the bone. The elasticity-density relationship used for material property determination was validated separately using mechanical testing. This model was then transformed to the same coordinate system as the in vitro mechanical test and loads applied.

Results
Comparison between the mechanical testing and the FE model showed good correlation in surface strains (difference: anterior 2.3%, posterior 3.2%).

Discussion & Conclusion
This method of model creation provides a simple method for generating subject specific FE models from CT scans. The use of the CT data set for both the geometry and the material properties ensures a more accurate representation of the specific bone. This is reflected in the similarity of the surface strain results.


1. A method for the treatment of anorectal disorders, comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a pharmaceutical composition comprising as an active ingredient oxymetazoline or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or derivative thereof, wherein the concentration of active ingredient is in the range of from 0.05% to 1% .2. A method according to Claim. 1, wherein the active ingredient is a hydrochloride oksimetazolina.3. A method according to Claim. 1, wherein the composition further comprises at least one carrier, diluent, excipient or sochetaniya.4. A method according to claim 1, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is selected from the group consisting of: a. Long acting, controlled release, delayed release, sustained release, bioadhesive and mukoadgezivnoy.5. A method according to claim 1, wherein anorectal disorder is selected from the group consisting of: a. Fecal incontinence, anorectal fistula, rectal prolapse and ileoanalnogo anastomoza.6 tank. The method of claim. 5, wherein the disorder is anorectal incontinence kala.7. A method according to Claim. 1, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is applied to the internal anal sphincter muscle, the external anal sphincter, into the interior of the anal canal or anodermu.8. A method according to claim 1, wherein the composition is in a dosage form selected from the group consisting of: a. Gel, cream, paste, spray, suppository, mousse, emollient, powder, solution, suspension and peny.9. . A method according to claim 1, wherein the treatment of anorectal disorders selected from the group consisting of: prevention of anorectal disorders, reducing or preventing fecal incontinence, rest raising vnutrianalnogo pressure Support


This paper consists in the compression of two methods for determining the optimal  parameter for the Meshfree interpolation of a data set. In the first part we will present two approaches: "Trial and Error" and "Leave one out" cross validation. In the second part are presented some 1D and 2D experiments for comparing this two approaches. For each approach, we will determine the optimal  scaling parameter for 1D and 2D interpolation with different values of N data points. At the end there will be a comparison between the results issued . We will use MATLAB for all the calculations and the plots. The data sites used in this paper can be downloaded at http://www.math.unipd.it/~demarchi/TAA2010/.


After accumulating and developing for thousands of years, traditional Chinese residential decoration has integrated a lot of national traditional elements, being an important part of the treasure house of the Chinese culture. Especially at present, the art design of modern environment tends to add and apply the useful elements of traditional residential decoration to specific designs, making modern environmental art design more colorful. This article summarizes the modern environmental art design, analyzes the relationship between the traditional residential decoration and modern environmental art design, explores the main value of traditional residential decoration in modern environmental art design, and expounds specific strategies for applying traditional residential decoration to the modern environment design.


The degree of a structure sv is the Turing degree of its open diagram D(vl) , coded as a subset of co. Implicit in the definition is a particular presentation of the structure; the degree is not an isomorphism invariant. We prove that if a Boolean algebra v has a copy of low 2 degree, then there is a recursive Boolean algebra -7 which is isomorphic to v . This builds on work of Downey and Jockusch, who proved the analogous result starting with a low 1 Boolean algebra.


Handoff is an important issue in mobile communication systems that provide various multimedia services. In this paper, the performances of three soft handoff schemes were analyzed and compared for CDMAbased wireless packet voice/data networks.


Understanding the contribution of recruitment to population growth rate in ungulates is a fundamental challenge to wildlife managers attempting to integrate carnivore and ungulate management. Like much of western Montana, in the Bitterroot Valley, the decline of elk (Cervus elaphus) populations and calf recruitment occurred concurrently with wolf (Canis lupus) recovery. However, a multitude of abiotic, bottom-up and top-down factors likely affect recruitment rates. We studied cause-specific mortality of elk calves to understand the role of competing mortality risk on calf recruitment in the East Fork and West Fork of the Bitterroot Valley, Montana. A total of 66 and 76 neonatal elk calves were captured in spring 2011 and 2012, respectively, and an additional 31 and 29 6-month-olds in late November 2011 and 2012. We analyzed calf survival using a Weibull parametric survival model, and cause-specific mortality using cumulative incidence functions. Preliminary analyses for the first 20 months of the research indicate mountain lions as the leading cause of mortality for elk calves during both summer and winter. We are also evaluating the role of summer forage resources on maternal condition, calf birth weights and survival. Preliminary results from nutritional work suggest potential bottom-up differences influencing resilience of elk populations to top-down predation. Our study fills a critical knowledge gap regarding the role of summer vs winter mortality in elk and the role of nutrition. The study will complement previous studies and help wildlife managers integrate carnivore and ungulate management across western Montana following carnivore recovery.


This interesting paper presents new structural, microstructural, and geochemical data on the fault core and its immediate host rocks of the Alpine Fault, New Zealand. An impressive array of state-of-the-art analytical methods covering a broad scale range has been employed to analyse the samples. The resulting data are unique and very interesting. I strongly support their publication. The manuscript is generally well written and structured. The tables and figures are useful and well designed.


Thispaperdescribes partofmainresults of health andsafety threat tohumansandallkindsofhuman collaborative andcross-disciplinary space weather studies carriedactivities (technologies, ecology, etc.)encompasses many outintheAzerbaijan National AcademyofSciences withunknownfactors andisofcross-disciplinary study character. purposes ofrevealing possible effects ofsolar, geomagnetic and Mankindhaslongbeenignoring thewide-ranging effects that cosmic rayvariability oncertain technological andecological spaceweather couldhave:asaresult, the"cosmic causes" systems, andhumanhealth state inmiddle latitudes. behind manydisturbances totechnological, biological, and


laboratory and clinical studies of olestra, a nonabsorbable lipid. Can J Gastroenterol 1991 ;5(4 ): 13 7-146. The classical unJerstamling offal digestion and absorption 1, proviJcJ as background for a review of research on olescra, a criglyceride dcnved lipid that 1s not <ligeMed or ahsorbcd from the 1mestinal lumen. Olescra (formerly 'sucrose polyester') is the generic name proposed for the mixture of the hcxa, hepta and ocra long chain fatty acid esters of sucrose. O lcstra has the physical properues of fat and can therefore function as a zero caloric fat replace ment in 100Js. The fate and effects of olesrrn in che gastrointestinal tract have hccn extensively investigated 111 animals and humans. Evidence from a variety n( studies shows tht1t olestra is not digested or ahsorbed and b not meraholi:cJ hy colonit. microffora. Feeding studies in five different species of animab show that olestra is nontoxic and noncarcinogenic, and c:n1se:; no morphol\igical changes 111 any tissues of the g;1strointescinal trnct. Comumption of olestrn fotxls does not alter gastril emptying, transit through the small and large howd, hile mJ physiology, howcl function, or focal pl-!, water and electrolytes. Nutritinnal rc,earch shows no effect nn absorption of macronutnencs. Highly l1pophil1c matcnab such as cholesterol and vitnmin E have the potential to partition into ,ibtra, thereby decreasing their soluhilization in intestmal micelles and sub ,cquent absorption. C linical research shows a modest reduction in scrum ddcsterol and vitamin E levels. The effect on vitamin E absorption can be offact hy supplementation of olestra with vitamin E. The ~rntus of v1tam1m D ,ind K anJ ahsorpt ion of I ipophilic drugs arc not altered by daily consumption of 18 g ,ibtra. Alt hough scrum rctinol levels arc not reduceJ, add1ttonal research is focusing on effects of olestra on hepatic stores of v1c.im111 A to assess the appropriateness of supplemental ion. Using olcstra to reduce the amount of fat 111 high fat fonds, without affect ingothcr nutrienb, should contrihutc tn cl diet lower m energy from fat and higher in energy from carbohydrate. ( Pour resume, vmr (l<lJ!~ 138)


Small businesses provide economic infrastructure in which communities develop and thrive and, in the United States alone, currently represent 99.7 percent of all employer firms. However, many small businesses fail to thrive past the first two years of establishment. Of the reasons small businesses fail, limited or non–existent employee training programs remains among the chief causes. The purpose of this paper is to explore the use of HRD within small businesses. Specifically on–the–job training was examined through the framework of Brethower's five performance principles in order to enhance the effectiveness of the on–the–job training approach.


Ammonia is commonly synthesized through the Haber-Bosch process, which produces large amounts of CO2 emissions as it is carried out at extreme temperatures and pressures. An alternative technology is needed to synthesize ammonia which consumes less energy and is environmentally friendly. In this research, a Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Photoelectrochemical tandem system (DSSC-PEC) was developed for the nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) into ammonia. PEC cells utilized BiVO4/TiO2 Nanotube (BiVO4/TiO2NT) as a photoanode for water oxidation. BiVO4/TiO2NT was synthesized by the successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) with the cycles variation of 10, 15, and 20 cycles. The optimization method for 20 cycles (20s) gave the highest photocurrent of 0.352 mA/cm2. As a cathode where the nitrogen reduction reaction to ammonia takes place, Ti3+/TiO2NT was used. DSSC based on TiO2NT/N719 with an efficiency of 1.13% was used as an energy booster in the reaction. Using this system with an electrodes area of 3 cm2, under visible light irradiation on photoanode and DSSC while dark at the cathode, the rate of ammonia production, analyzed using the phenate method was 0.022 µmol.h−1.cm−2 with solar to chemical conversion (SCC) efficiency of 0.003%.


History.?It was an ordinary case of reducible scrotal hernia of two years duration in a boy of 12 years of age. Nearly a month and a half before the operation, the hernia became swollen, irreducible and extremely painful, and the parents thought an abscess was forming, and treated it. locally for the same. Then it burst, and left a fistulous opening through which fecal matter began to pour out. The boy's general health was fairly


James Williams considers how and why John Ridley9s acclaimed 2017 television series Guerrilla (Sky Atlantic/Showtime) 9reradicalizes9 early black British radical cinema, specifically Horace Ove9s 1975 film, Pressure , the first feature-length work by a black British director. For Guerrilla9s fictional narrative about a Black Power terrorist cell in London in 1972 pursues an option that Pressure , about the gradual radicalization of a young black British teenager in West London, resolutely avoids, namely militant violence. A close comparative study of both works in terms of characterization, cinematic style, the depiction of urban space, and the representation of violence highlights the originality and overlooked significance of Ove9s pioneering film. It also suggests that Ridley reinvents the story of Black Power in early 1970s Britain in order to intervene in more contemporary debates taking place in the US about diversity and the function of revolutionary violence to effect social change.


Orthodontic retainers are specially made devices, usually made of wires that hold teeth in newly moved position, long enough to aid in stabilizing their correction.


Abstract Estimation of the parameters of a reducible (inflated common denominator) model for the transfer function matrix of MIMO systems is well known. However, the reduction of the model to the minimal form by pole-zero cancellation is possible only in the noise-free case. This paper presents an algorithm for the estimation of the minimal continuous-time transfer function matrix model. Monte Carlo simulation results are presented for discrete-time and continuous-time models. Least-squares and generalized least-squares methods have been used in both cases. An asymptotic analysis of convergence has also been provided for these models in the noise-free case. The computation times and space complexities of different variants of the algorithm are compared. The results show that in noisy situations, obtaining a discrete-time model by discretizing an estimated continuous-time model may be a viable proposition


The study of this clinical case corresponds to a female patient, who attends third-level studies, with a history of amenorrhea four months ago and with nodules at the level of the hyoid bone, was detected a diffuse toxic goiter, currently refers the patient to present weight loss for about 2 months and frequent bowel movements, leads a sedentary life and inadequate eating habits, so it comes to consultation with the nutritionist, to be evaluated, so that anthropometric, biochemical assessments will be made , clinics and dietetics.

After carrying out the nutritional assessment, mild malnutrition associated with hypermetabolism was diagnosed, a nutritional intervention will be made with the objective of obtaining a weight gain of 1 kg of weight every 2 weeks, until reaching its ideal weight progressively to avoid Later complications that can complicate the general state of health. You will be prescribed a hypercaloric and hyperproteic diet rich in fruits, vegetables, legumes and meats with a higher concentration of iron, controlled in the supply of iodine, to improve the levels of red blood cells and decrease other values that are altered.

In addition, the patient is recommended to perform exercises 5 times a week for at least 30 minutes each day, and together with the prescribed diet, the nutritional treatment will be successful.


Previously we reported a criterion for choosing an appropriate statistical model to describe the tolerance distribution for estimation of the median effec tive dose [1]. In the present paper we have shown how this statistical approach can be used to assess the precision of toxicity test data and the predictive abili ties of test methods. Specifically, we conducted statistical analyses of data generated by using the University of Pittsburgh (UP) and the National Bureau of Standards (NBS) combustion toxicity protocols. These evaluations revealed that 30% of the LD50 values from the UP test were not valid while with the NBS test 26% and 5% of the LD50 values under flaming and non-flaming conditions, respectively, were not valid. Comparisons of the two test methods also showed that there was not agreement on ranking across protocols except for the very few with extreme toxicities. These results indicated that caution should be exercised in the review and interpretation of combustion toxicity data and that these tests are probably only useful in identifying consistently super-toxic chemicals.


Objective To evaluate the relationship between GATA-3 and T-bet and inhibition of the differentiation of human T helper cells by morphine.Methods Ten healthy volunteers,aged 20-50 yr,weighing 50-70 kg,were enrolled in the study.Peripheral venous blood samples were taken in the early morning.Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated and assigned into 5 groups (n=10 each).PBMCs were incubated routinely (group C).PBMCs were incubated in the presence of PMA and ionomycin (group P),morphine 50 μg/ml (group M),morphine 50 μg/ml + naloxone 50 μg/ml (group MN) or naloxone 50μg/ml (group N),and were then stimulated with PMA and ionomycin for another 4 h.The percentage of Th1 and Th2 cells was detected by flow cytometry.The Th1/Th2 ratio was calculated.Interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-4 concentrations in the supematant were determined using ELISA.The activities of GATA-3 and T-bet were analyzed by EMSA.Results Compared with group P,the percentage of Th1 and Th2 cells,Th1/Th2 ratio,IFN-γand IL-4 concentrations in the supernatant,and GATA-3 and T-bet activities were significantly decreased in group M,the percentage of Th1 cells,Th1/Th2 ratio,and IFN-γ concentration in the supernatant were significantly decreased in group MN (P < 0.05 or 0.01).Compared with group M,the percentage of Th1 and Th2 cells,Th1/Th2 ratio,IFN-γ and IL-4 concentrations in the supernatant,and GATA-3 and T-bet activities were significantly increased in group MN (P < 0.05 or 0.01).There was no significant difference in the indexes mentioned above between groups N and C (P > 0.05).Conclusion Morphine inhibits the differentiation of human T helper cells by activating opioid receptors,which may be related to the inhibition of GATA-3 and T-bet activities.

Key words:
Morphine; T-Lymphocytes,helper-inducer; GATA3 transcription factor; T-bet transcription factor


Abstract: This model evaluates the potential success of a cellulosic ethanol plant in Florida. Critical Economic factors of the plant were simulated to assess the ability of this project. These critical factors include the feedstock to be used, the cost of the facility, transportation costs and the discount rate for the net present value (NPV). Results and observations are presented in this paper. Introduction The US Government has encouraged research and development of an advanced biofuelsindustry to help offset the inputs of ethanol production on food produced from feed grain. These advanced biofuels, also called second generation biofuels, include cellulosic ethanol, biohydrogen, Butanol, biomethanol and others. Cellulosic ethanol production is now in the advanced stage of development and is soon to be commercialized (Ingram, 2005). There has been considered research on cellulosic ethanol production because feedstock for the biofuel can be found throughout the US from a variety of fibrous organic materials. These materials include newly developed energy crops, agricultural residue, wood residue and municipal solid waste (MSW).


Objective To explore nursing measures and retention time of central venous catheter in esophageal cancer patients underwent radical operation. Methods According to retention time of central venous catheters, a total of 90 cases of esophageal carcinoma patients were randomly divided into three groups: 31 cases with 5 days retention time in group Ⅰ , 29 cases with 7 days retention time in group Ⅱ; 30 cases with 10 days retention time. Complications of central venous catheter including swelling and pain in punition site, fever,extravasation, extrusion and block of catheter and the bacterial culture of central venous catheter were compared among three groups. Results Incidence of complications in group Ⅰ,group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ were 3.2%,20.6% and 46.7% respectively. The differences were significant( P < 0.01 ). As for the positive of bacteria culture, differences among three groups were significant too, with no case in group Ⅰ , one case in group Ⅱ and 4cases in group Ⅲ. Conclusions Retention time of central venous catheter should under 7 days. Retention time depends on the quality of nursing care.

Key words:
Esophageal cancer radical operation;  Central venous catheter;  Indwelling time;  Nursing


A model is developed to study SiC-based IMPATTs to operate at D-band frequency and the device properties of 3C, 4H, 6H-SiC based SDR IMPATTs are compared at the same operating conditions and frequency of operations. A noise analysis model is also developed to compare the noise characteristics of 3C, 4H and 6H SiC-based SDR IMPATTs. The results show that 3C-SiC based SDR IMPATTs have better power delivery capability whereas 4H SiC-based SDR IMPATTs are less noisy. When a power noise tradeoff consider, it is seen that 4H SiC-based SDR IMPATTs have better Noise Measure than the other two polytypes. These results can be used as the first hand information by the experimentalist.


A G-band rectangular beam extended interaction klystron (EIK) with unequal-length slots structure is proposed. The unequal-length slots structure has great influence on the high-frequency features. The length ratio of long-slot with short-slot will seriously affect the effective characteristic impedance and mode separation. Compromised length ratio is selected considering the mode competition and beam-wave interaction efficiency. Based on the design of high-frequency structure, we established a completed beam-wave interaction model. With PIC simulation, we obtained 400 W peak output power and 800 MHz bandwidth, with efficiency of 8.0%. We fabricated the high-frequency structure by CNC machining method, and the surface roughness and fabrication error are $\pmb{0.40\mu} \mathbf{m}$ and $\pmb{10\mu} \mathbf{m}$, respectively. Measurement of $\mathbf{S}_{\pmb{11}}$ indicated that the amplitudes of measured and simulated are close, but the frequency is shift about 1 GHz. The frequency shift is resulted from the large fabrication error. Our design beam-wave interaction model preliminarily showed potential in performance improvement of terahertz EIK.


The relevance of the examined problem results from the fact that the adolescents' behaviour and their inability to overcome conflict situations are of an acute social nature. In this regard, the article is aimed at identifying the causes of early motherhood and finding ways to solve the problem in the context of social and pedagogical work. The leading research methods of this problem are psychological techniques that allow one to identify the causes of interpersonal conflicts among adolescents and to develop credible practical recommendations aimed at improving the efficiency of adolescents' interpersonal interaction. Based on the obtained data, the authors have developed specific diagnostic, correctional and training programs for behaviour correction in particular conflict situations.


Introduction: Although there has been a shift towards competency-based medical education in the past decade, littlel iterature is available about the specific use of competency-based education in physiotherapy education.


People of different language producing background could not ableto interact with each other. This concept of translation will helppeople to communicate each other with well off. Also it will help to fillcommunication gap between two linguistically different backgrounds.It will help to the people who belongs from different villages, whohave taken education of English. Majority of the Indian community isnot recognized with English while most of the information availableon web or electronic information is in English. Many Time governmentdocuments and forms are been presented in English Language where alay man from Marathi language background finds difficulty to understandinformation and even avoid. Machine Translation able to translateInformation presented in one language to other language with propermeaning. Information can be present in form of text, speech andimage translating this information helps for sharing of information andultimately information gain. The main objective of Machine Translation isto removed the language barrier in a bilingual nation like India. MachineTranslation gives several approaches to translate source language totarget language. In this project we are translating English to Marathisentences for kids based on dictionary


DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2012v14n4p470 Noncircular chainrings and novel pedal to crank interfaces have been designed to optimize variables related to cycling performance (e.g. peak crank torque and efficiency), with conflicting results in terms of performance. Therefore, the aim of the present article was to review the theoretical background of noncircular chainrings and novel pedal to crank interfaces and their effects on biomechanical, physiological and performance variables. Reducing internal work, crank peak torque, and time spent at the top and bottom dead centres (12 o'clock and 6 o'clock positions, respectively) were among the various targets of noncircular chainrings and novel pedal to crank interface design. Changes in joint kinematics without effects on muscle activation were observed when cyclists were assessed using noncircular chainrings and novel pedal to crank interfaces. Conflicting results for economy/efficiency explain the unclear effects of noncircular chainrings on cycling performance and the positive effects of some novel pedal to crank interfaces on cycling economy/efficiency.


Annual measurements of the frontal variations of Briksdalsbreen are compared with twentieth-century records of summer temperature, winter precipitation and mass budget to evaluate the effects of climatic change on the glacier fluctuations. Frontal variations are shown to be determined by both summer temperature and winter precipitation. Between AD 1901 and 1931 the glacier front was in a more-or-less stable position. Warm summers in the 1930s and 1940s caused a significant retreat of the glacier, reaching a maximum rate of annual retreat of 84 m in 1948. Cooler summers in the late 1940s led to a stabilization of the glacier front from 1952. Between 1987/88 and 1993/94 the terminus advanced 231 m, 155 m of which has occurred after 1992. The increased glacier net mass balance in western Norway after the 1988/89 season resulted in the largest annual glacier advances measured this century at Briksdalsbreen (75 and 80 m in 1992/93 and 1993/94, respectively). Present knowledge about glacier history in western Norway since the termination of the last glaciation about 9000 years ago suggests that annual glacier expansions of such magnitude only occurred during the 'Little Ice Age' (c. AD 1650-1920). The lag time of frontal response of Briksdalsbreen to a change in annual net balance has been calculated to be 3-4 years, which confirms that glacier termini can react rapidly to short-term climatic changes.


The effect of pile driving velocity is considered. The movement status of the soil element in the elastoplastic interface is chosen as a reference criterion;and the stresses,displacements of any point in the field are described as the functions of R and r,which are the radius of plastic area and the distance of soil element to the center after the expansion respectively. The small-strain theory is used to obtain the equation that the relative velocity V should be satisfied,and V is defined as the ratio of the expansion velocity at r to the one on the elastoplastic interface,where the latter is composed of two parts:one is caused by the expansion itself —displacement velocity,another is supplemental velocity and is attributed to the deformation of the soil elements because of the expansion,which leads to the soil elements continuously going into plastic station. Finally,combining with the known condition of expansion velocity,the radius of plastic area and failure area of the soil around the pile after the pile driving can be deduced. The theories can provide instructions for some geotechnical engineering problems in unsaturated soil,such as the dynamic penetration of piles,ramming expanded pile and so on.