The objective of the present invention is to provide: an artificial nail composition that is excellent in adhesion property, durability, and curability; an artificial nail using the artificial nail composition; an artificial nail removal method, and a nail art kit. The artificial nail composition according to the present invention is characterized by containing a polymer as a component A, and is characterized in that an area of the component having a molecular weight of 1,000 or less is at most 5% of the total area in molecular weight distribution, of the component A, measured by gel permeation chromatography. It is preferable that the component A is polyurethane. In addition, it is preferable that the artificial nail composition according to the present invention further contains a polymerizable monomer as a component B, and a polymerization initiator as a component C.


The z990 eServerTM central electronic complex (CEC) houses four multichip-module-based processor units instead of one, as in the previous-generation z900 eServer. The multichip module (MCM) input/output pin density in z990 processor units is more than twice that of the MCMs in z900 processor units. This increase in packaging density and the consequent tripling of the current drawn by the processor units were accommodated by the first-time use of land grid array (LGA) MCM-to-board interconnections in an IBM zSeries® eServer. This was done by using innovative refrigeration cooling of the MCM with air cooling as backup, and by a new mechanical packaging and power distribution scheme. This paper describes the mechanical engineering of the CEC cage, the LGA MCM-to-board interconnection scheme, and the mechanical isolation of the MCM evaporator-heat-sink mass from the LGA contacts. The paper also describes the electrical power and the cooling solutions implemented to meet the more demanding requirements of the denser CEC package.


Abstract : The abstracts in the annotated index are grouped according to the type of AGARD publication: Report; Advisory report; AGARDograph; Conference proceedings; Bibliographies; Bulletin; Glossaries; Lecture series; Manuals and handbooks; Miscellaneous.


Conditions for pseudo-differential operators from L p 1 ( Z ) into L p 2 ( Z ) and from L p 1 ( S 1 ) into L p 2 ( S 1 ) to be nuclear are presented for 1 ≤ p 1 , p 2 < ∞ . In the cases when p 1 = p 2 , the trace formulas are given.


The article deals with the norms of civil legislation on the reorganization of the legal person. It focuses on the grounds for the acknowledgement of the reorganization being illegal suggested by Federal Law Project «On the amendments and additions to part one, two, three and four of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation along with other bills of the Russian Federation». Law nature of the illegal reorganization, its consequences, and problems linked with its contest, along with those of calling to account of those who are responsible for its adoption are analyzed.


In this paper, considering the seismic design code of buildings in China and some experimental results, using the simplified nonlinear static analysis method, an analytical method of vulnerability analysis is studied to estimate the vulnerability of multistory or high-rise reinforced concrete. Analyzing the relationships among the initial yielding point, significant yielding point, ultimate point and other key point in parameterless pushover curves, considering the seismic design level, the parameterless pushover curves are transformed to general pushover curves. Then the general pushover curves are converted to a spectral capacity curves for the building, using the simplified nonlinear static analysis method to estimate the seismic vulnerability of multistory or high-rise reinforced concrete As example, the fragility curves and damage probability matrices of a six-story reinforced concrete are calculated. The simplified method of seismic vulnerability evaluation can be used to estimate vulnerability of multistory and high-rise reinforced concrete structures which have few earthquake damage data but are normally designed. It will overcome the earthquake damage data limitation on vulnerability estimation.


Abstract With a high prevalence of well-established risk dementia risk factors (e.g. tobacco, alcohol use, hypertension, and diabetes), there is a dire need for data on prevalence and correlates of cognitive impairment and related service utilization among older Korean Americans. Memory and Aging study of Koreans (MASK) is a two-stage epidemiological survey with two-step sampling strategy to obtain a representative sample. We screened 1,118 older Korean Americans (mean age: 70.7, female: 67.2%) with a Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Exam, and 118 persons sampled from two levels of performance on the MMSE underwent the second stage clinical evaluation that included the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD). Preliminary analysis estimated that community prevalence of mild cognitive impairment in this population was 28.4% (CI: 18.2%-41.5%) and dementia was 7.2% (3.8% - 13.2%). Correlates of cognitive impairment, and potential barriers to the services will be discussed during this presentation.


: This paper explored learning in the African Songo board game environment to understand how learning occurs through audience-player interactions. The study revealed this space enhances collaborative and argumentative scaffolding. Further examination of such space is important to rethink learning in the digital age.


Various functional materials, such as metal nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes and conducting polymers were coated on polymer microspheres finding various uses in electronic and biomedical applications. Herein, we demonstrate that single graphene oxide (GO) sheets could be easily wrapped on amine-functionalized poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (PGMA-ed) microspheres (∼2.5 μm in diameter) to form a PGMA-ed/GO core-shell structure with a thickness of ca. 50 nm. Subsequently, the synthesized GO-skin microspheres were consolidated by heating them to 60 °C to form a robust self-standing paper through the formation of electrostatic and van der Waals attractive forces between the very large surfaces of the GO, together with the formation of hydrogen bonding during the dewatering and drying processes, where the GO skins are interconnected to provide an electrical path and mechanical skeletal structure. When a stabilized GO dispersion was added to the PGMA-ed microspheres, the GO sheets were uniformly self-assembled on the PGMA-ed microsphere surfaces, seemingly through dipole–dipole interactions and amine–epoxide chemical reactions. This approach provides a simple route for the large volume production of PGMA-ed/GO core-shell microspheres and large-sized self-standing paper that may find various uses in optoelectronic device materials and porous membrane applications.


An elementary function that is now commonly referred to as Gabor filter was derived from uncertainty relation for information by Gabor to overcome the representation limit of Fourier analysis. For image-based applications (e.g. biometric recognition), researchers amend the weights of Gabor filters to produce zero DC (direct current) Gabor filters. This amendment can significantly change the shape of Gabor filters, when they use a special range of parameters. The aim of this paper is to develop a new Gabor filtering scheme to overcome this problem. Two different types of zero DC Gabor filters are compared with the proposed scheme on face recognition. FERET database is employed in the experiments. The Gabor phase from the proposed filtering scheme gives improvement in the range between 11% and 8.5%, and the performance of its magnitude is comparable with other schemes.


The church is central to, but not the centre of Heinrich Bullinger's theology. There is for him no salvation outside the church and salvation is itself ecclesial as well as personal. The article considers the main contexts in which Bullinger expounds his understanding of the church and the major areas of disagreement: scripture, salvation, unity, and catholicity with his Roman and Anabaptist opponents, but also holiness with Anabaptists. The issues involved in these areas differ according to the context, for example, with Roman opponents the authority of scripture over and against that of the church, but with Anabaptists the authority of the Old Testament alongside the New. In his exposition of the outward marks of the church, Bullinger mostly points to word and sacrament, through which Christ establishes the church, although the emphasis is on the word. He also mentions other marks, such as suffering. The inward marks are the Holy Spirit, faith, and love. Characteristically, Bullinger draws on a range of biblical passages in his exposition, including the various biblical images of the church, but with his Roman opponents he also adduces the support of the fathers.


Lewis Mumford is a world's famous philosopher of technology. Firstly he divided the history of technology into three phases: the eotechnic phase, the paleotechnic phase and the neotechnic phase, then he classified the technology in the history as two kinds: polytechnics and monotechnics. Mumford figures that the polytechnics is insteaded by the monotechnics and bring up the myth of machine, so the man becomes a slave of the machine. Mumford advocates a kind of democracy technology, so that the man resumes the principal status in the development of technology, and realizes a harmonic development between the man and technology.


The modeling of a self-oscillating peak-current controlled flyback power converter is presented. Transfer functions describing the output dynamics of a flyback converter are obtained by applying partial derivatives to the nonlinear state equations that are derived using proposed modeling method. The loop gain of a practical 3-W flyback converter was measured and compared to predictions. The time delay in boundary mode showed not significant influence on the converter dynamics in the load range of interest. The nonminimum phase characteristics of a flyback converter will limit the achievable controller bandwidth also in a variable-frequency operation similar to the fixed-frequency operation in CICM and DICM.


The measure of improving afforestation survival rate in Huadian city was introduced in this paper. It emphasized optimizing afforestation technology,advocated light cultural media and afforestation,strengthened seedling tending in the principle of matching species with the site. Meanwhile,it must be carry out the idea of afforestation according to the law and implement the responsibility. Consequently,survival rate of afforestation and preserving rate will enhance and make sure the forest establishment.


This talk is aimed primarily as a report on experience in the use of computer algebra (CAS) and dynamic geometry (DGS) systems in the teaching of future mathematics teachers. Specifically it deals with the detailed analysis of a historical locus problem selected from the Latin book Exercitationes Geometricae by Ioannis Holfeld, published by the Jesuit College of St. Clement in Prague in 1773 [3]; namely problem number 35 from a total of 47 solved problems that are presented in this book. First, the original solution to problem 35 will be introduced. Then, it will be resolved using current methods supported by the use of GeoGebra and wxMaxima software. The different approach to the locus problem compared to the original solution allows us to reveal a more complete solution to the problem, which includes the surprising curve of a pretzel shape (a similar but not identical curve was mentioned in [1], see also http://mathworld.wolfram.com/KnotCurve.html). Finally we will derive both the algebraic equation and the parametric equations of the curve. All with the support of the mentioned software, as we solve it with students of mathematics teaching in the course of algebra and geometry. Assignments of the problems in the book, as well as their solutions, illustrate the method of solving geometric problems typical for mathematics of the 17th and 18th centuries. Most of the problems, despite their age, are still attractive and are worth resolving with the help of contemporary methods. More information about the exercises, methods of their solutions and about the author of the book can be found in [2] and [4]. A copy of the original Latin assignments of the presented problem can be found at http://www.pf.jcu.cz/~hasek/Holfeld. Problem 35: Given a circle with a diameter MP (see Fig. 1); construct a radius AB to this circle and a line segment BO perpendicular to MP so that MO : AO = r : BC (r is the radius of the circle). Find the locus of point C. (Remark: Length of the segment BC is the fourth proportional of lengths MO, AO and r.) ([3], p. 41, Problema 35). I. H. begins his solution by labeling lengths of selected segments; AD = x, DC = y, AB = r, OM = z. Then, using the similarity of triangles accompanied by the right triangle altitude theorem (also known as 'geometric mean theorem'), however, without mentioning the use of it, he derives the locus equation y2 = r2 −2rx (considering the configuration of the coordinate axes in Fig. 2), that corresponds


The import of brainpower from abroad plays a major role in the internalization of a research university.The present paper makes a tentative study on the theoretical precondition,the organizational foundation and the administrative guarantee for approaching to the import of brainpower from abroad.


The modem power converters adopted for adjustable speed drive applications are based on switching devices, such as IGBTs, characterised by very fast commutations and high switching frequencies. With such low switching times (fractions of /spl mu/s), problems have become apparent on the long-term behaviour of the motor insulation. Indeed, the inverter output voltage is not pure sinusoidal but it presents sharp pulses in correspondence with the power devices commutations and it is characterised by a considerable harmonic content. Due to supplementary stresses caused by commutations and to space charge formation inside the insulation, the dielectric strength of the materials decreases as a result of the more intense partial discharge (PD) activity and the life expectancy of the machine is sensibly reduced. Since little is known on the PD behaviour of the insulating material under such distorted voltages, an experimental activity has been carried out by performing Ultra-Wide Band detection of partial discharges on specimen subjected to typical inverter output voltages. The analysis of the detected signals has been carried out by means of a suitable digital signal processing approach, based on the Wavelet Transform, capable of extracting the PD pulses occurring during the overvoltages caused by the commutations of semiconducting devices.


The Ichneumonid (Hymenoptera) genus Lissaspis Townes, 1969, from tropical America is settled and the following nine species are described: Lissaspis areolata sp. n., L. argentina sp. n., L. brasiliensis sp. n. , L. exigua sp. n., L. flagellata sp. n. , L. inca sp. n., L. laevigata Townes, L. longistriata sp. n. and L. obscura sp. n. In addition, the genus Singalissaspis gen. n. and the species S. tricolor sp. n. from Singapore are described.


This note lists some of the possible causes of beta limitation in tokamak and discusses what is known and what is involved in investigating them. The motivation for preparing this note is the observed degradation of confinement with increasing beta poloidal ..beta../sub p/ and beam power P/sub b/ in ISX-B.


Simple Summary Mineral deficiencies are very widespread among small ruminant herds throughout the world and play a big role in small ruminant herd health management. This paper describes the occurrence of a primary molybdenosis causing secondary copper deficiency, combined with ovine white liver disease (cobalt deficiency) and white muscle disease (selenium deficiency) in a group of pastured ram lambs in Northern Germany. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first proven report of multiple trace element deficiencies in sheep in Germany for decades. Abstract To the author's knowledge this paper describes the first proven report of a combined primary molybdenosis, secondary copper (Cu) deficiency, Ovine White Liver Disease—Cobalt (Co) deficiency, and selenium (Se) deficiency in a small pedigree herd of White Horned Heath sheep in Germany (8 ewes, 2 rams, 3 yearling ewes, 17 lambs) for decades. Clinical signs associated with these mineral deficiencies in a group of pastured ram lambs included emaciation, conjunctivitis, anaemia, growth retardation, discolouration of the wool and photodermatitis. Morbidities and mortalities arose in 4–6-month-old lambs despite intensive veterinary treatment in the summer of 2014 and 2015 (n = 13, 23% died). Se (3/5), Cu (4/7), and Co (3/3) deficiencies in combination with elevated values for Molybdenum (Mo, 2/2) were found. Hamburg is a large industrial city and an input of heavy metals from surrounding industries and coal-fired power stations in combination with a sandy, non-fertilised soil and monoculture grass species might offer a potential explanation for the severity of mineral deficiencies observed in this herd.


Abstract Clay dispersion is considered to be one of the most pronounced causes for reduction in soil hydraulic conductivity. The purpose of this study was to establish the dispersion potential of two Kentucky soils (Pembroke and Uniontown) as a function of solution ionic strength, solution composition (sodium absorption ratio, SAR) and pH through the quantification of a dispersion index (DI) and related the latter to soil relative saturated hydraulic conductivity (RSHC). The study demonstrated that DI increased as the electrolyte concentration decreased and the sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and pH increased. Furthermore, the DI of the Uniontown soil was more dependent on electrolyte concentration, and SAR changes, but less dependent on pH changes than that of the Pembroke soil. The relationship between RSHC and DI also appeared to be dependent on electrolyte concentration SAR and pH. These components were shown to regulate saturated hydraulic conductivity via two mechanisms: (1) clay dispersion and (2) cl...


Background . Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells capable of differentiation in the osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic directions that are widely used in the development of new cellular biomedical technologies. Aim . We investigated the effect of MSCs on osteogenesis in the congenital defect of the alveolar process of the upper jaw with the aim of improving the treatment results for children with congenital cleft palate. Materials and methods . At the department of maxillofacial surgery of the Turner Institute for Children's Orthopedics, 46 patients with a diagnosis of congenital cleft palate were observed in 2017. Six patients with congenital cleft palate in the region of the defect of the hard palate and the alveolar process of the upper jaw underwent uranoplasty and implantation of a mixture (1 : 4) of MSCs and preosteocytes derived from them on the osteogenic membrane. The control group consisted of 40 age-matched patients who underwent the same surgery but without the use of MSCs. The distance between the cleaved portions of the alveolar process of the upper jaw ranged from 0.5–1.0 cm. The follow-up period was 6–9 months. Results . On X-ray examination 6–9 months after the operation in the bone defect area and implantation of MSCs in all patients, tissue with a density corresponding to that of bone was found. In the control group, bone tissue was not formed in the diastasis of the alveolar bone. There were no significant differences in the timing of wound healing and course of the postoperative period. С onclusion . Tissue engineering helped in the treatment of severe congenital malformations of the maxillofacial area. There are good prospects for using MSCs in the surgical treatment of defects of the facial skeleton.


PURPOSE: A system for certifying a password combined with a fingerprint is provided to maintain security, even if the password is exposed, by combining each number of the password with the fingerprint of other finger. CONSTITUTION: A keypad(1) outputs a password signal by comprising operation keys of 0-9. A fingerprint extractor(2) extracts a fingerprint image contacted to a surface of the operation keys. A fingerprint input part(3) converts the fingerprint image into the fingerprint information. A memory(5) stores the registered password and fingerprint. A controller(4) verifies the password and the fingerprint by comparing a matching structure between the password and the fingerprint simultaneously inputted from the keypad and the fingerprint input part with the matched structure stored in the memory.


In this study, cycling tourism as a recreational activity was handled, and the Hatay bike path, which is one of the longest and uninterrupted bike paths in the world, and its surroundings were examined within the scope of bicycle tourism. In order to use the region, which has and important tourism potential, more efficiently in terms of bicycle tourism, SWOT analysis was made and other recreational tourism types in the region that could be integrated into bicycle tourism were evaluated. In this context, observations were made intermittently in the study area by the researchers. In addition, document analysis was carried out by watching vlogs taken by people who have experienced the relevant bike path and published on the social networking site YouTube, which has international access. As a result of the analysis made, although it is seen that the region has strengths and opportunities in terms of bicycle tourism, it has been determined that the recreational tourism types that can be integrated with bicycle tourism in the region cannot be evaluated sufficiently and there are various deficiencies in the bike path and its surroundings. As a result of the research, various suggestions were offered in order to increase the efficiency of bicycle tourism and the current tourism potential in the region and to reduce the effects of weaknesses and threats.


This paper proposes by using fuzzy logic controller a simple optimal voltage control method for three-phase uninterruptible-power-supply systems. The proposed voltage controller is composed of a fuzzy control term and a compensating control term. The former term is designed to make the system errors converge to zero, whereas the latter term is applied to compensate for the system uncertainties. Moreover, the optimal load current observer is used to optimize system cost and reliability. Particularly, the closed-loop stability of an observer-based fuzzy logic control law is mathematically proven by showing that the whole states of the augmented observerbased control system errors exponentially converge to zero. Unlike previous algorithms, the proposed method can make a tradeoff between control input magnitude and tracking error by simply choosing proper performance indexes.The effectiveness of the proposed controller is validated through simulations on MATLAB/Simulink and experiments on a prototype 600-VA testbed with a TMS320LF28335 DSP. Finally, the comparative results for the proposed scheme and the fuzzy logic control scheme are presented to demonstrate that the proposed algorithm achieves an excellent performance such as fast transient response, small steady-state error, and low total harmonic distortion under load step change, unbalanced load, and nonlinear load with the parameter variations.


Objective To observe the effect of Dahuang Tongfu D ec oction [Decoction of Dahuang(Radix et Rhizoma Rhei) to Free the Bowels] o n the neural function defect,activity of daily living and level of high-sensitivity C-reactive prot ein(hs-CRP) for acute cerebral infarction(ACI) patients with phlegm-heat and bowel-repletion syndrome.Methods Totally 160 ACI patients were randomized into research group and control group,with 80 in each.Both groups received the routine medication and rehabilitation.Dahuang Tongfu Decoction was added in the researc h group for 10 days.The serum level of hs-CRP was observed in both groups 24 h ours after onset and on the 3rd,7th and 15th day of acute stage.After treating for 15 days,the change of neural function defect score and Batherl index was ob s erved at the end of acute stage.After treating for 45 days,Batherl index was e valuated again with follow-up at the end of best recovery stage. Results The Bat hel index on the 45th day of onset was superior to that on the 15th day in the r esearch group(P0.05).The Bathel index on the 45th day and 15th day of o nset in the research group was superior to that in the control group(P0.05). Compa ring with the control group,the occurrence rate of conscious disturbance in the research group was significantly decreased on the 3rd day of onset(P0.0 5),b ut the difference was not statistically significant on the 7th and 10th day(P 0.05).Comparing in group,the difference of hs-CRP level in the research grou p was statistically significant at different time(P0.05).On the 3rd,7th and 1 5th day of the treatment course,the hs-CRP level in the research group was sig n ificantly lower than that in the control group(P0.05).After treating fo r 15 days,the total effective rate of the research group was superior to that o f th e control group at the end of acute stage(P0.01).Conclu sion Dahuang Tongfu Decoction could recover neural function defect obvi ously,reduce the invalidity rate and CRP level,improve activity of daily livin g and regulate inflammatory react ion for ACI patients with phlegm-heat and bowel-repletion syndrome.


The asymmetric alkylation of α-amino acid was an important goal of asymmetric synthesis due to its wide range of application in biochemistry,medicine and gene-engineering.As a significant component of polypeptides,proteins and other biomolecules,considerable attention had been attracted about the asymmetric alkylation of α-amino acid by chemists.Recent advances in the studies of asymmetric α-C-alkylation of schiff base of ketenonimines and aldimines were summarized from the aspect of phase transfer catalyzed asymmetric synthesis and chiral auxiliary.


The present invention provide a method for the preparation of 4-oxo-synthesizing quinolone compounds and synthetic intermediates, wherein said compound having useful integrase inhibitory properties.


The increasing customer requirements regarding better quality products and lower costs are challenges that should be resolved. Also, lean manufacturing, as an effective approach to increase efficiency of production systems, that is based on eliminating wastes and reaching excellence, makes it necessary to find and apply non-traditional approaches in manufacturing and quality control. Costs of product quality control are among those costs that do not add value to the product and should be maintained within limited ranges in order not to affect the final product cost. Either classical inspection methods (measuring methods) or even traditional quality control approaches are costly; and, unfortunately, do not guarantee defect-free products especially for products with multiple quality characteristics. In this work, an efficient online 100% visual inspection approaches are introduced. Those approaches are based on digital imaging of products and analysing their data using advanced mathematical approaches to extract the product features. Statistical tools are then applied to compare the extracted features with a master feature for the product. The developed approaches give a good performance in inspecting multi-dimension products at low costs and very little inspection errors.


ABSTRACT This discussion focuses on a two-year psychoanalytic treatment case of a college student diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) presented by a psychoanalytic training institute candidate. The complex clinical presentation of individuals with ADHD symptoms, attunement of the analyst to unconscious processes, and competent supervision that provides the analyst with opportunities to explore the intersection of these factors serve as a context for the ensuing discussion. The discussion highlights how the importance of the therapeutic climate, the analyst's recognition of the pervasiveness of shame among individuals with ADHD symptoms, and the use of transference are key contributors to the success of the treatment.


SUSTAINABLE CARBON DIOXIDE BASED POLYMER BLENDS AND NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES Eugene Enriquez Advisor: Dr. Manjusri Misra University of Guelph, 2016 Co-Advisor: Dr. Amar K. Mohanty This thesis is an investigation to enhance the efforts of advancing the CO2 based polymer technology and addresses the issue of carbon emission. The target of this study was to utilize poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC), to develop sustainable biopolymer blends and biocomposites for various applications. This thesis is divided into 3 studies: (1) biopolymer blends of PPC with poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV), (2) switchgrass surface modification via alkali and bleach treatments, (3) biocomposites from the chosen biopolymer blend and untreated and treated switchgrass. Incorporating PHBV into PPC was capable of improving thermal and mechanical performance with the added bonus of improving the dimensional stability of the material. Surface modification of switchgrass increased the cellulose content and enhanced the surface roughness of the fiber showing promising results for use in composite applications. Enhancement of the mechanical properties for the chosen blend was observed upon the addition of untreated and treated switchgrass into the system.


A unified approach for modeling objects which are imaged by thermal (infrared) and visual cameras is presented. The model supports the generation of both infrared (8 mu m-12 mu m wavelength) images and monochrome visual images under different viewing and ambient-scene conditions. A modified octree data structure is used for object modeling. The octree serves two different purposes: surface information encoded in boundary nodes and efficient tree-traversal algorithms facilitate the generation of monochrome visual images; and the compact volumetric representation facilitates simulation of heat flow in the object which gives rise to surface temperature variation, which in turn is used to synthesize the thermal image. The detailed object model allows for more accurate prediction of thermal and visual images of objects. It also predicts the values of discriminatory features used in classification. The model developed is designed to be used in a model-based vision system which uses a hypothesize-and-verify strategy to interpret thermal and visual images of scenes. Several blocks-world examples are presented to show typical images generated by the approach.<<ETX>>


KANG Ping,who had passed the imperial exainations twice in succession in two years,was a famous personage of literary world in the late Tang dynasty.But with tie passing and unfavourable environment,most of his works were lost and he nimself gradually faded from later generations'memory.The historical documents about him are incomplete,mistaken and false,which makes his native place unclear,the time of scholarly honor of official rank obscure,the government post of the official career uneven,even his name is difficult to distinguish.Thus he was modeled into one complicated personage over a thousand years.This article reviews the historical writings,makes an investigation of the found documents and combs up their sources,making these confusing problems difinite and clear.In the meanwhile,this article briefly comments on the value of the book of Record of True Stories,Calling today's society to treat the famous personage's posthumous works as a precious cultural heritage,studying it and converting it into advanced productivity.


Laozi created the ideological system of "Tao"(the mystical source and ideal of all existence) and "natural inaction" as the core.He gave lectures,established his teaching principle and accumulated a wealth of education thought in teaching practice.This paper interprets and analyzes Laozi's thoughts in educational concept,teaching,teachers and students in order to enlighten today's problems and reform in education.


Hundreds of land mine warning signs have been stolen from Southern areas and presumably used as scrap metal, according to an association for the disabled.


The acute release of growth hormone in response to the injection of Pitressin or to insulin hypoglycemia is a quantitatively reproducible phenomenon in rhesus monkeys maintained in a controlled environment. Animals were subjected to 2 stimuli, the first during a control period when plasma growth hormone concentrations ranged between 0 and 9.4 ng/ml and the second during an infusion of human growth hormone (0.92–1.75 μg/min) which elevated plasma growth hormone concentrations to 37–85 ng/ml, within the physiological extremes observed in rhesus monkeys. The second stimulus was given 2 hr after the beginning of the infusion. In all instances, the abrupt rise in plasma growth hormone concentration occasioned by the intravenous injection of 0.3 U/kg Pitressin (8 experiments) or 0.1 U/kg insulin (5 experiments) was markedly reduced or abolished by the growth hormone infusion. It is concluded that growth hormone can inhibit its own secretion in response to acute stimuli and that this effect may be of physiologic...


An important factor for determining the success of any natural language program is the variability in the users' questions that must be handled by the system. Thus, it is important to find methods of measuring and handling this variability. In this article we examine the tendency for subjects to use the topics and terms introduced in the computer's answers in forming their questions. It is shown that the last and next‐to‐last answers have a strong effect on the questions users ask. It is also shown that although users often do ask questions that are related to their previous questions, the most frequent case is for users to introduce new questions related to the computer's answers. Thus, the effect of the computer's answers is stronger than the effect of users' own questions when forming new questions. Finally, it is shown that the accuracy of the computer's responses in answering the questions has important effects on the tendency to use previous questions and answers. These results suggest that natural ...


Following previous works dedicated to the mathematical meaning of the "bra-ket" formalism [I. M. Gel'fand and G. E. Shilov, Generalized Functions (Academic, New York, 1964), Vol. I; J. P. Antoine, J. Math. Phys. 10, 53 (1969); Yu. M. Berezanskii, Expansions of Self-adjoint Operators (American Mathematical Society, Providence, RI 1968); E. Prugovecki, J. Math. Phys. 14, 1410 (1973); J. P. Antoine and A. Grossmann, J. Funct. Anal. 23, 369 (1976); 23, 379 (1976)], we develop a new rigorous mathematical approach, based on an operator representation of bras and kets. This leads to a formalism very similar to second quantization. Well-defined operators associated with local observables can be exhibited, intimately related to previous works of E. Prugovecki [Stochastic Quantum Mechanics and Quantum Space-Time (Reidel, Dordrecht, 1986)].


Particle impact damping (PID) is a means for increasing component fatigue life by reducing structural vibrations. A particle-filled enclosure attached to an area of high velocity converts kinetic energy into heat through inelastic inter-particle and particleenclosure collisions. The experimental study shows that for components experiencing transient vibrations in the horizontal plane (perpendicular to gravity), significant damping (30% per cycle) can be achieved at very low acceleration amplitudes (below 1g) through the use of particle impact damping.


Based on GT-DRIVE software a model of an off-roader is built,then its dynamic property and fuel economy is simulated,which results verify that the calculated results are credible.Meanwhile the engine is improved on the base of original diesel engine,which is simulated and calculated in the match of transmission of original vehicle.The simulation results show that maximum speed is increased by 9.4km/h,while the fuel consumption fell by 0.42 L/100km in NEDC cycle of 100km,fuel consumption decreased by 0.94 L/100km at constant speed of 120km/h,which indicate that vehicle performance has been enhanced with the engine being optimized Therefore,the improvement of diesel engine is an effective way to improve vehicle performance.


The NCP1650 is produced by Onsemi Semiconductor Company.The PWM is a fixed frequency, average current mode controller. It is specially used in Active Power Factor Correction (APFC). The exterior pin, interior function and circuit of NCP1650 IC are introduced. It's characters are refered. By the characters, the use of NCP1650 in Active Power Factor Correction (APFC) is mainly discussed. The idiographic design circuit is given. The design and calculate methods are analysed for the exterior circuit. The test result is presented at the end of this paper.


The stress relaxation properties of paddy rice grain played an important role in its production and quality control.In this paper,the stress relaxation properties mechanical indexes of including number of Maxwell cell,relaxation modulus,relaxation time were obtained by experiments,moreover the relation of stress relaxation properties of paddy rice grain and quality character of paddy rice grain were studied.The regression equation was established by multivariate stepwise regression,the theoretical basis was improved for designing process device of paddy rice and evaluating quality of paddy rice,moreover the optimum parameters were provided for predicting mechanical damage,improving products quality,exploring new control method and judgment basis.


The implementation of virtual learning in the time of covid-19 pandemic had potentially affected the students' learning motivation. This research was aimed at finding out; (1) the level of the EFL learning motivation when the remote learning is implemented during the Covid-19; (2) How was the EFL learning motivation when the remote learning implemented during the Covid-19. This study was conducted at two different universities majoring English department and medical laboratory technology department consisting of 202 students. To gain the data, a questionnaire on learning motivation was delivered to the students. The data was analyzed using the Likert scale of agreement or disagreement to interpret the types of learning English motivation. In analyzing the data, both quantitative and qualitative were used as a mixed-methods was applied. The findings of the study showed that the students' motivation was categorized into high level or slightly close to medium level of motivation. Other interesting findings were that the distance learning was claimed less effective because the materials were claimed tent to be difficult, error internet connection, less interaction between students and teachers, and so forth. On the other hand, some students argued that digital learning improves their ability in utilizing the technology media, encourages, encouraged them to be independency and curiosity, and trained the students to be more confident.


SummaryThe relative amounts of carbohydrate, lipid and protein were determined in whole bees over the course of their development in the sealed cell. Oxygen uptake, respiratory quotients, and changes in wet and dry weight were determined. Metabolism of sealed larvae, pupae and young pharate adults is based on the utilization of lipid stores, but in older pharate adults it also involves the consumption of some protein. Carbohydrate might be used primarily in the deposition of the adult cuticle prior to emergence.


Perceived value is regarded as a new source of competitive advantage.The paper,based on the analysis of the theory of customers' perceived value and its study progress,constructs a structure model of tourists' perceived value, exploring how tourists form perceived value of a particular trip.By conducting a survey of 411 mainland residents visiting Hongkong,the paper tests theory model and hypotheses and develops a Tour-Perval scale,which could be a practical measuring tool for destination administrators.


Banana is often overlooked by most people and is considered a waste of banana trees, proved to have high fiber content which can be used as pulp. A suitable tropical climate and soil conditions that contain lots of humus enables banana plant is widespread in Indonesia. Currently, almost all parts of Indonesia is the banana-producing regions. The content of cellulose which is pretty much contained in this stem can be used as raw material for pulp. To find good operating condition to produce pulp from waste banana done some analysis includes the analysis of ash content, levels of α cellulose, lignin levels. Pulping of banana is done by experimental methods 1300C variable operating conditions remain unchanged while the concentration of NaOH variable with composition 90; 85; 80; 75; 70% and at different times of 3-4 hours. In experiments using materials banana pulp raw material containing cellulose α 59%, 57%, 54%, 48.7%, 46.3%. While standards for banana cellulose is 60-65%. From the lab I was still not optimal and do not meet the standard cellulose. This is due to a too low temperature 1300C and the time is too fast for 2-4 hours. So that cooking does not take place perfectly and the pulp is not degraded properly. While the optimal operating conditions is 4-5 hours and the temperature of cooking 165-1710C. From the experimental results obtained lignin content of 9.53%, 9.55%, 9.72%, 9.66%, 9.7%. While the lignin content standards for banana is 5-10%. Of the five types of pulp having a lignin content of the lowest (best) is the first pulp. This is because the first trial had the longest cooking time is 4 hours and a high level cooking is a solution of NaOH 90%.


This article considers the responses of infrequent and non-attendees to a survey of their responses to Kamloops' Western Canada Theatre. It discusses distinct, largely extra-performance best practices, mostly in theatres with similar focuses in Canada – with an emphasis on small cities. These practices were designed, in the main, to attract and engage infrequent and non-attendees to theatre, although many of them also enhance the well being of frequent attendees. In fact, in a survey of over twenty five dance companies in the USA, Dance/USA found diverse opinion on whether extra-performance activities enhanced the experience of existing audiences or attracted new audiences: "Some respondents felt that both deepening and broadening the audiences were results of engagement activities, while others indicated that a deeper audience can help broaden the audience, and still others suggested that broader audiences can become more deeply connected" ("Audience Engagement, 6). Thus, while the practices discussed in this chapter are focused on broadening, they may well have beneficial deepening side-effects.


This chapter argues that, in distance education, the relationship between curriculum planning and course delivery can be reversed as the planning process moves 'on stage' and displaces the classroom performance of the teacher and student. The chapter raises critical questions about the predominant contemporary models of eLearning with their heavy reliance on instructional theory. It was refereed by the editor and by external readers.


[1] The formation of channelized lava flows on a wide uniform slope is investigated both theoretically and experimentally. When a lava is released at a constant flow rate from a point source, we predict that it flows both down and across the slope at the same rate in a early time regime before undergoing a transition to a long-time regime where down-slope flow is faster than lateral flow. Eventually, the lateral flow is stopped by the strength of the growing surface crust, and the flow then travels down slope in a channel of constant width. Using scaling analysis, we derive expressions for the final channel width in both flow regimes, as a function of the flow rate, the slope, the density difference driving the flow, the lava viscosity, the thermal diffusivity, and the yield strength of the crust. We also find a dimensionless flow morphology parameter that controls whether the subsequent channel flow occurs in a "mobile crust" regime or in a "tube" regime. These theoretical predictions are in good agreement with laboratory experiments in which polyethylene glycol wax flows down a wide uniform slope under cold water. The theory is also applied to the understanding of the formation of a basaltic sheet flow lobe in Hawaii, which had an estimated crust yield strength of order 6 × 104 Pa.


Desktop computers are increasingly used for DSP, multi-media, and data visualization applications. These codes contain a high degree of loop level parallelism, which cannot be fully exploited by superscalar processors. Vector architectures are a viable alternative for increasing workstation performance. Vector architectures require more compiler support to exploit the available parallelism in a program than superscalar architectures do. Development effort thus shifts from hardware to compiler design. This thesis describes the development of a vectorizing compiler, implemented in SUIF, capable of targeting a wide variety of vector architectures. The development of a code generator for the TO vector-microprocessor is also discussed. Performance of TO-like vector processors on a set of multimedia and data-filter applications is also shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the compiler and to show the applicability of vector architectures to multi-media applications and other common work loads. First and foremost, 1 must thank my supervisor, Corinna G. Lee, for her efforts in this work, for her guidance and encouragement, and for going out of her way to make my masters work an invaluable experience. Thanks to everyone in the lab (Alex, Rob, Guy, Greg, Steve, Robin, Kelvin, Marcus, Mark) for a seemingly endless stream of inane banter, bad jokes, questionable statistics, and for listening to my rants on a reguIar basis. Special thanks to Rob, in particular for the statistics (how many cows was it?), and for walking the treacherous path of SUIF with me. Thanks to Dan, who is also in the lab, but whined until 1 gave him his own paragr aph. To Karen, for for her continua1 support, encouragement, and for showing me there is more to a weekend than this office. To Nicole, Eric, Shawn, Kia, Ann, al1 da' punks, the SkuleNite 9T5, 9T6, and 9T7 cast and crew, and to everyone else who has ever asked me "are you done yet?": YES! 1 would also like to thank my family for their support and encouragement.


Published by the university Columbia College Chicago, Journal of Artists' Books (JAB) devoted its Spring issue n°37, 2015, to the activities of Editions Incertain Sens (IncS) and of Cabinet du livre d'artiste (CLA), structures set up at the Villejean campus of the Rennes 2 University since 2009. Entitled "Art / Books / Publishing / Research / Library / Network", the issue was edited by Leszek Brogowski and Aurelie Noury. Hubert Renard, artiste often using printed forms of art, interviews here Leszek Brogowski about consequences of the artist's book practices for the comprehension of the contemporary art.


[Objective] To re-analyze the factors which influence the therapeutic efficacy of transurethral electrovaporization ablation of the prostate (TUVP) and to improve the qualities of TUVP. [Method] The data of 306 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasis (BPH) were studied. Preoperatively, the wage of the prostate was 25~140 g, with mean of 62.5 g, measured by B-ultrasound. The average maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax) was 7.4 mL/s, and average urinary flow rate (Qave) was 3.9 mL/s, the average residual urinary volume (RU) was 80.2 mL. [Results] TUVP was successfully performed on all the 306 patients. The average electrovaporization ablation time was 65 minutes. The average resected prostate tissue weight was 50 g. Of the 306 cases, 291 cases (95.1%) were followed up for 3~40 months. Postoperative average Qmax increased to 18.1 mL/s, Qave increased to 11.2 mL/s an RU decreased to 13 mL. Compared with those of pre-operation, the differences were statistically significant (P 0.01). [Conclusions] Careful analysis of the efficacy-influencing factors before, during and after operation can improve the qualities of TUVP for the patients with BPH.


The research about the concept of influence on Twitter is still underdeveloped. This work is a theoretical and empirical approach on how politicians are engaging with citizens and/or journalists, and how these social conversations are framed under specific topics and users. The idea of new influentials on political communication in the new media ecosystem, as some studies found (Dang-Xuan et al, 2013), can offer empirical pursuit of the suggested 'two-step flow model' as applied to the agenda-setting process (Weimann et al., 2007) in the case of the microblogging for campaigning online. Following the recent research about how politicians try to reach their potential audience (Vaccari and Valeriani, 2013; 2013a), this paper analyses the social conversations on Twitter driven by politicians, the main topics in these political conversations and the kind of flows of communication (direct or indirect) between politicians, journalists and citizens. This research explores the differences and similarities about influence on Twitter during European elections in two countries with similar political and economic contexts: Portugal and Spain.


This is an interesting compilation of editorials which have appeared over the past ten years in Psychological Medicine. The Editor's role has been to select out the different areas of advance which affect psychological medicine. As this reviewer expressed some mildly critical views on the state of psychiatric research in an editorial in 1979 (Peart, 1979), it is of considerable interest to him to reconsider the matter in 1985. The question is not whether the editorials are interesting essays in the neurosciences, but whether they can be related to the present study of psychiatry, and in fact whether the title of the compilation is correct. The editorials are grouped under the headings of neurosciences, genetics, psychopharmacology, psychology, epidemiology, and general psychopathology and clinical issues. Grahame-Smith illustrates in his editorial the potential difficulties of linking the major advances being made in the neurosciences and neuropharmacology from studies in animals to application in man. It is striking that in these two sections most of the work referred to concentrates on animals other than man, with the exception of well-characterized conditions like Kuru, Huntington's chorea and the perhaps less-well-characterized Alzheimer's disease, where there is the familiar difficulty of disentangling the plaques and tangles of this supposedly specific disorder from those which occur in older brains. Nevertheless, it should be noted that, where there is an anatomical pathology, there is more hope of finding correlations with behaviour and other psychological manifestations. This, of course, reduces psychiatry to the same mechanistic level as most other branches of medicine, and only emphasizes the main difficulty of psychiatry, which is of correlating symptom complexes with pathology of any sort, both anatomical and biochemical. I had previously felt that psychiatric research did neglect the opportunities offered by organic brain disease, especially now that anatomy and function may be examined by non-invasive means. Despite the difficulties of interpreting such brain changes in alcoholics, I am sure that the effort will be worthwhile, and so it was interesting to note that, with the exception of the diseases noted, there was very little such research. Kuru is having wider-spread effects, however, and it has become respectable to find viruses in other diseases with psychological consequences, like multiple sclerosis and, although not mentioned here, in schizophrenia. One of the reviewer's other problems in looking at psychiatric research in 1979 was the relative lack of behavioural studies of real precision in clinical psychology, and the necessity of linking these with neuropharmacology. Much of neuropharmacology is still based on animal models, and this emphasizes to me one of the biggest needs in psychiatry, which is to put human clinical psychiatry into the same rigorous position as animal psychology. Kumar quotes Tinbergen:' Psychiatrists, at least many of them, show a disturbing tendency to apply the results rather than the methods of ethology to man.' As it happens, the editorials on neuroand psychopharmacology were not very exciting and certainly did not reflect the feverish activity in the area. As befits the Editor, some of the best chapters are in epidemiology and general psychopathology. I would commend Murphy's editorial on 'The epistemology of normality' for anyone in any area of medicine, much as I would commend his book on The Logic of Medicine. This could be well taken together with that of Jablensky and Sartorius on 'Culture and schizophrenia' in relation to the difficulty of applying what every student knows as Schneider's 'first-rank symptoms' in different parts of the world. My conclusions are that the position is now much healthier in psychiatric research, that the same basic problems of bridging the gap exist as in 1979, but that more strenuous efforts are being made to do so.


【Task】 The invention relates to a replacement and relocation of the electric wire provided continuously to each telephone poles, in the course locations change construction, wire Utsurisen installed without using bypass cable existing temporary power transmission method to each electric pole bypass isolation coupling of sequential electrical by between bridging wire and remove the wire by utilizing the mechanism, and replacement of the wire replacement and telephone pole in uninterruptible electric wire can elapse locations change construction and utility pole relocation Utsurisen to provide a mechanism and uninterruptible power distribution method of direct transmission using the same. A process of installing the wire Utsurisen mechanism and the wire Utsurisen mechanism in utility poles for fixing the arm-and wire Utsurisen step, the process of installing the wire extension line mechanism, the electric wire installation step, setting step interval maintaining mechanism When the uninterruptible electrical separation step is a method of constructing the direct transmission method as uninterruptible power distribution method utilizing wires Utsurisen mechanism comprising a removal step. .FIELD 1


The cyber teamwork system based on cloud was created to support working group and maximize the teamwork capability. The cyber teamwork system comprised of five components. They were Collaboration, Communication, Project management, Document management and Operation control. The main aims of this research were (1) to develop the cyber teamwork system based on cloud (2) to maximize the teamwork capability (3) to evaluate the quality of each team's project and (4) to evaluate satisfaction of system users. Researcher brought this system to trial with 20 teamwork groups. Each team used the cyber teamwork system based on cloud to do their own project. The experimental design was Quasi Experimental Pre-test Post-test Control Group Design. The statistics employed for analyzing the data were mean, standard deviation and independent t-test. The research results show that there were 13 of 20 teamwork's projects which evaluated over a "very good" level. The teamwork ability after using the cyber teamwork system was higher than that before using the system at 0.05 level of significance. The satisfactions of system users were evaluated at a good level.


The implicit meaning of numeral groups is in fact a cultural departure from the original meaning by different levels of "distancing"which the corresponding translation should be based on and that when translating the implicit meaning the translator should follow the principle that"the smaller the distancing is, the closer the translation is to the source culture; the bigger the distancing is, the closer the translation should be to the target culture."


In this report we have highlighted only a few examples of the extensive efforts underway to better understand the process of HIV pathogenesis, to develop new therapeutic agents to inhibit virus replication, and to identify strategies to restore damage done to the immune system during HIV disease progression. It is expected that progress in these areas will continue to advance, and that development of more effective therapies will lead to comprehensive multifaceted, multipronged treatment regimens.


SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS I959 lost from the rumen as ammonia, the nitrogen economy of the animal does not suffer from that ammonia loss. If, however, insufficient nitrogen of unsuitable biological value is available to the animal as a result of this process, the portion of the feed escaping digestion by the micro-organisms in the rumen assumes greater importance. This residual food nitrogen reaching the abomasum and intestines is not necessarily that most difficult to digest, because the amount of food eaten by a high-yielding cow may not allow the feed residues to remain in the rumen as long as they might otherwise do. The better the amino-acid composition of the residual feed passing from the rumen, the better the biological value of the total feed. The most desirable type of feed protein for a ruminant is, therefore, one of reasonably low solubility in the rumen yet of high biological value for the singlestomached animal. These arguments must be taken a stage further for application to agricultural practice because, although this thesis has been supported by experimental evidence, there are two further points which need consideration: (I ) is the cow normally rationed sufficiently tightly for protein for any of these theoretical improvements to become evident, and (2) may it not be more economical to give a theoretically wasteful protein source if it still supplies cheaper units of biological value?


When battery No. 5 was commissioned at the Kemerovo Coke Works, it was found that the standard design scheme previously used for sedimentation and refining of the tar liquor was no longer satisfactory. The temperature of the excess ammonia liquor decreased, which led to frequent obstruction of the water seals for the wastewater from the ammonia columns and entry of pitch into the phenol removal scrubber. The new scheme now in use and its advantages are briefly described.


A digital ventilated psychrometer for direct reading of the relative humidity (RH) from the digital indicator by means of two identical type thermistors is described. The method is based on the temperature to linear voltage converter, the calculator of the dry and wet bulb temperature ratio, the converter from the ratio to the voltage proportional to RH, and the analog to digital (A/D) converter. The experimental result by the digital ventilated psychrometer shows that the apparatus makes the direct indication of RH possible. The accuracy of the apparatus is estimated to contain an RH error of less than 2 percent and it is almost the same as that of the Assmann psychrometer. The principal advantage of the apparatus is the direct indication of RH and the capability to use the data directly for the input of the digital data processor.


In this paper, we discuss the class of Bilinear GATRCH (BL-GARCH) models which are capable of capturing simultaneously two key properties of non-linear time series: volatility clustering and leverage effects. It has been observed often that the marginal distributions of such time series have heavy tails; thus we examine the BL-GARCH model in a general setting under some non-Normal distributions. We investigate some probabilistic properties of this model and we propose and implement a maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) methodology. To evaluate the small-sample performance of this method for the various models, a Monte Carlo study is conducted. Finally, within-sample estimation properties are studied using S&P 500 daily returns, when the features of interest manifest as volatility clustering and leverage effects.


Upon a comprehensive study of various literature and archaeological materials,it is suggested that Qin's army should have had a relatively complete set of protective equipment.However,Qin's army had no such equipment possibly because of a multitude of reasons.


Multicomponent reactions represent an important line of research in organic chemistry. It permits the reaction between three or more starting materials, providing adducts which are considered as synthons for the syntheses of complex molecules close to bioactive compounds. As a result of their diversity, these reactions are considered as valuable tools for the preparation of libraries of organic structures in the pharmaceutical research field. The isonitrile-based multicomponent reactions, particularly the Ugi reaction, are the most frequently employed. Despite the wide applications of this reaction, it still suffers from numerous limitations, particularly when the newly formed peptidyl position is involved in the post-condensation reactions. Due to the steric hindrance around this position, only intramolecular reactions were described in the literature. Thus we have developed effective strategies for the intermolecular reactions involving Ugi adducts through the formation of 1,3-amide dianions to increase their nucleophilicity. Accordingly, such intermediates undergo alkylation reactions with different electrophilic agents at room temperature and with excellent yields. A very simple application of this approach has been attained by coupling the allylation at the peptidyl position to a ring closure metathesis reaction. This could be achieved by introducing an allylic fragment into the starting Ugi materials, necessary for metathesis. Such protocol allowed the synthesis of various piperidines and piperidones derivatives. Moreover, examining the potential of these 1,3-amide dianion intermediates by employing more complex electrophiles, allowed us to prepare cyclic derivatives. The use of diiodomethane in particular, has opened an access to a very promising way in the synthesis of β-lactams. Simpler malonic ester amides and their derivatives could also be converted to β-lactams following the same strategy, hence, it is not only limited to Ugi adducts. Additionally, the biological activities of such newly synthesized β-lactams were examined. Finally, we extended this approach to the preparation of pyrrolidinones through an alkylation/cyclization sequence via the propargylation of these Ugi adducts. The enamine functional group in the synthesized 5-methylene-pyrrolidin-2-ones could be exploited in a Pictet-Spengler reaction allowing the synthesis of benzoindolizidine derivatives, which are close in structure to natural alkaloids. Nevertheless, the propargylation/Pictet-Spengler cascade could be successfully performed in a one-pot reaction with good yields.


3005Background: Monotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has demonstrated efficacy in many cancers. Combining ICIs PD-L1 + CTLA-4 enhanced efficacy but worsened toxicity vs monotherapy;...


The workshop Measuring Position System (wMPS) based on intersection of optical planes is widely applied in large-scale metrology. However, in guidance areas concerning more about horizontal directions such as in the area of transporting with AGVs, the coordinate of z axis which represents the height of the vehicle is of no particular importance. Also, the installation and parameters calibration of wMPS is complex and time-consuming. In this paper, a new method with single transmitter measuring two dimensional coordinate to guide the moving object (except the vertical direction) is proposed and demonstrated. The three dimensional coordinate of receiver was calculated if its horizontal angle, vertical angle and the coordinate of vertical direction are given. In order to get the receiver's horizontal and vertical angle, a serious of mathematical formulas was derived from a model of single transmitter with two rotating laser planes. The coordinate of vertical direction was obtained by the laser tracker and mapped from laser tracker coordinates to transmitter coordinates. Concerning that the coordinate of the vertical direction remains almost the same if the object moves in the level ground, a series of vertical-direction coordinates of moving object was measured beforehand and the average value of coordinates was the approximate vertical-direction coordinates of every point. To verify this method, the points acquired by the transmitter were remeasured by the laser tracker. Finally, the coordinates were compared and the results were analyzed. The experiment results show that the method's measuring accuracy has reached 5mm.


This paper describes a simulated task environment (STE) created to study the impact of using data versus voice communication in the National Airspace System (NAS). Currently, all communications between air traffic controllers and the aircraft they control are by voice. The vision for the Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen) is for all communications to be handled through data communications (Data Comm). The transition to data communications is expected to produce a number of benefits, including a reduction in voice frequency congestion, a reduction in the number of errors made in the transmission process, and a reduction in delays, leading to enhanced sector productivity and capacity. For these benefits to be realized, though, it is critical to analyze and understand the ways in which pilots interact with the system and the ways in which the changes in communication style affect a pilot's awareness of their environment. Thus, additional research is needed and, for that to happen, an environment in which these systems can be evaluated is needed. We developed an STE to meet those needs. The STE integrates five different software tools including a low-fidelity flight simulator into a desktop computer. This is a cost-effective environment that can be used to perform studies to analyze human computer interaction behavior.


The article presents the results of a pilot study carried out in Poland, on the basis of which it is possible to diagnose the knowledge of local government administration employees on professional burnout, identify factors contributing to its development and define activities that in the employees' opinion could reduce professional burnout. The discussion of the results is related to current theoretical concepts concerning the phenomenon of burnout.


With the development of human science and technology, applications of computer are more and more comprehensive. Using artificial intelligence (AI) to drawing, thinking, and problem solving becomes a significant topic. Recently, research on automatic composition using AI technology and especially evolutionary algorithms is blooming and has received promising results. A common issue at the current evolutionary composition systems is their requirement for subjective feedback of human sensation as evaluation criterion, which is vulnerable to the fatigue and decreased sensitivity after long-time listening. This paper proposes using music theory with the information from music charts in the evaluation criterion to address this issue. Specifically, we generate the weighted rules based on music theory for the fitness function. The weights are determined according to the download numbers from music charts. These weights obtained can interpret the music style and render an objective measure of compositions. Experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively achieve satisfactory compositions.


In the eternal dominating set problem, guards form a dominating set on a graph and at each step, a vertex is attacked. We consider the "all guards move" of the eternal dominating set problem. In which one guard has to move to the attacked vertex and all the remaining guards are allowed to move to an adjacent vertex or stay in their current position after each attack. If the new formed set of guards is still a dominating set of the graph then we successfully defended the attack. Our goal is to find the minimum number of guards required to eternally protect the graph. We call this number the m-eternal domination number and we denote it by . In this paper we find the eternal domination number of Jahangir graph Js,m for s=2,3 and arbitrary m. We also find the domination number for J3,m .


To evaluate non‐contrast‐enhanced MRI of acute radio‐frequency ablation (RFA) lesions in the left atrium (LA) and pulmonary vein (PV) ostia. The goal is to provide a method for discrimination between necrotic (permanent) lesions and reversible injury, which is associated with recurrence after treatment of atrial fibrillation.


Aiming at the fatigue strength analysis of welds in welded steel structures,two new methods were mainly developed recently in overseas countries,including equivalent structural stress method and surface extrapolation hot spot stress method.For the equivalent structural stress method,the structural stress was analyzed by modified linearization or nodal forces approach by considering the welded toe structural stress concentration effect.In that the stress calculation results were insensitive to the finite element type,mesh shape and dimensions,so the welded toe structural stress concentration conditions for different welded joints could be distinguished effectively.Subsequently the stress intensity factor was calculated by using the structural stress as the control parameter. Based on mainly considering the effects of the welded toe notch,plate thickness and loading mode,the stress parameter relevant to the fatigue lives of welds directly were defined by using the fracture mechanics and the formula for equivalent structural stress transformation was determined.Based on the above method of stress calculation and transformation,the fatigue testing results data were analyzed.Then the single fatigue design master S—N curve,which is necessarily important in the fatigue strength assessment and life prediction,was established.It is known from the comparisons and analyses that the surface extrapolation hot spot stress method is suit for comparing and optimizing the scheme in welded structures fatigue design step,and the equivalent structural stress method is suit for assessing the fatigue strength and predicting lives more accurately for final structural scheme,or applied in the conditions that the surface extrapolation hot spot stress method can not be used.


Subscription Video on Demand (SVOD) services are quickly gaining popularityworldwide having increased by more than 50 percent during 2012 and is estimated to reach 120 million by 2017. During the same time that SVOD services have sky-rocketed in popularity, a decrease in online piracy has been observed, suggesting these services are to some degree replacing piracy of films and TV-series. This report investigates the effect of SVOD services on online piracy, and the outlook for the future. Furthermore strategic recommendations are given on how to continue capitalizing on the online pirates.The results from the research indicate that SVOD services indeed have a significant diminishing effect on pirated consumption. When comparing pirate consumption habits between subscribers and non-subscribers a significant difference between average pirating consumption (relative total consumption) was observed with 78 percent for non-subscribers and 44 percent for subscribers. The absolute majority of the respondents had seen either some decrease or a significant decrease of pirating habits since starting their subscriptions. The results show that it is very rare that a subscription completely replaces pirating behavior, as the vast majority of the respondents still at least occasionally turn to piracy. Due to limitations in library size and constraints regarding release times of newer titles, it is highly unlikely that SVOD will be a complete replacement of pirating alternatives in the foreseeable future.The author questions if SVOD offerings can remain as attractive in the future, as conditions for SVOD services are rapidly changing; new entrants are fragmenting the market, licensing prices have exploded, and costs for delivery infrastructure are going up as well. To continue attracting the online pirates, the research suggests SVOD services to focus on the convenience aspect of the service (device compatibility and interface), as this was found to be a high priority. Furthermore, a greater focus should be on the selection of TV-series, as these were considered more important than selection of film. SVOD services should strive toward in-house producing as much as possible, andavoiding the ever increasing licensing prices. As illegal alternatives are catching up and looking more and more like SVOD services themselves, an innovation of the service to give customers added value might be required which the author suggests could be achieved with second-screen companion apps. Finally, to avoid unnecessary costs related to infrastructure, the author suggest a move from the current client-server model to a peer-to-peer based technology for content delivery.


One of the most common inhibiting factors in the archipelago is the lack of availability of material resources and human resources. One of the options is the use of lightweight concrete precast using materials around the islands. The local material which is widely distributed in North Maluku is pumice but it has not been used maximally because so far it has only been used as pile material. This study aims to analyze the effect of partial substitution of pumice on fine aggregate in a concrete mixture. This research was carried out experimentally in a laboratory using UTM and divided into 2 stages. Stage 1, designing and analyzing concrete mix using pumice compared without using pumice, Phase 2 testing using concrete beam dimensions of 600x150x100 mm with an inter load of 150 mm. Beam test results show that the limited use of pumice in a concrete mixture does not greatly affect the strength of normal concrete beams, as indicated by the deflection value and strength of concrete blocks that are almost as large.


This paper examines the optical properties of two types of spherical three-component nanoparticles: (1) particles comprising a metallic core, outer organic dye J-aggregate shell and passive intermediate layer and (2) metallic nanoshells having an insulator or semiconductor core and coated with a molecular J-aggregate layer. The two types of nanoparticles are shown to differ significantly in the behaviour of electromagnetic fields and photoabsorption spectra. As a result of additional possibilities to control the magnitude and nature of the coupling between Frenkel excitons and localised surface plasmons in these systems, the spectral properties of the three-layer particles have radically new inherent features in comparison with earlier studied metal/J-aggregate bilayer particles. In the case of J-aggregate-coated metallic nanoshells, particular attention is paid to the strong plasmon – exciton coupling regime, which takes place when the plasmon resonance frequency of the nanoshell approaches the centre frequency of the J-band of the dye forming the outer layer of the particle.


Movement Disorder Disease (MDD) is one general type of diseases that severely impair human motor ability and reduce the body controllability. Over millions of people in North America are suffering from these diseases and Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most typical and common among them. PD is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease, affecting over 500,000 people in America and about 4-5% of people over 85. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is the surgical implantation of a brain pacemaker to generate electrical impulses and stimulate specific parts of the brain. DBS is an effective, FDA approved treatment of PD. From the long term surgical outcome, DBS has been proven to be one of the most remarkable therapeutic procedure for a diverse array of movement disorder diseases and some physiological syndromes, including PD, dystonia, essential tremor and chronic pain etc. This report is organized as follows. In the first section, this report would briefly introduce the background information on MDD, its typical syndrome and its engineering implication. The second section would perceive DBS application from an historical background. Tough the underlying mechanism of DBS is still not clear, and we would present some research hypothesis and the working principle of DBS in practice. The physiology analysis and stimulation targets would be explained. On the other hand, even though DBS has demonstrated good surgical outcome from a 5 year clinician observation, it is not the always first option for PD patients and there is strict patient selection criteria. The third section focuses on the surgical procedure and categorizes them into two different approaches: the frame based and frameless stereotactic surgery. The DBS lead placement workflow and some commercially available medical apparatus and the working principles would be introduced. A comparison between the two approaches and some related technical issues would be presented. The last section illustrates the operation cost and articulates the surgical benefits, complications and risks. Some state of the art technology, including robot assisted interventional MRI technique would be presented here also. This report aims to make brief introduction to MDD with an emphasis on PD and present the basic concepts of DBS and illustrate the practical surgical procedures. BME 523 (Fall 2009) Final Project Report, Hao Su


The COVID-19 pandemic has provided ample opportunity for the spread of misinformation and bigotry in online debates. In this paper, we use qualitative and quantitative methods to profile a single user whose unique posting methods and messaging contributed to an outsize impact on COVID-19 discourse. We use a dataset of reply threads in response to United States governors, who often announced updates and regulations relating to the COVID-19 pandemic. The user we identified had a highly unusual ability to generate high levels replies from other users disputing and supporting their posts, while rarely engaging in argument themselves and having few followers. We term this user's behaviors as firestarting, which we define to be the goal of starting bad faith arguments without any subsequent participation. To address such behaviors, we suggest a framework of designing for abusability, which focuses on reducing usability for some users in order to improve usability for most users.


The quality of medical images has become an essential part of modern medicine. Medical images with low contrast greatly affect the accuracy of diagnoses. This study proposes a new contrast enhancement technique for medical images based on adjusting the fractional statistical distribution using image entropy. The proposed method enhances edges accurately while preserving smooth textures. Experimental results have been validated both quantitatively and qualitatively based on peak signal to noise ratio. Keywords—fractional calculus; statistical distribution; medical image processing; image quality


The present invention relates to powder formulations containing active ingredients or active ingredient-containing particles whose release characteristics are influenced by the addition of wirkstoffadsorbierenden particles, and processes for preparing the powder formulations and their use.


Introduction. Rigor mortis is the tension of skeletal and smooth muscles that occurs after death and fixes the body in a certain position. It is one of the signs of biological death and usually develops in 1.5 - 3 hours, starting from the lower jaw. The full development of rigor mortis is observed in 12 - 24 hours after death. But in rare cases, its development can be significantly accelerated. Clinical case. A 34-year-old man was in the department of anesthesiology and intensive care for 4 days with a diagnosis of explosive trauma, neck injury with damage to the right carotid artery, hemispheric ischemic stroke. In the setting of multiple organ failure, moderate coma, central hyperthermia (40.3 °C), resistant to antipyretics, he went into a cardiac arrest. Resuscitation measures (including triple defibrillation) for 50 minutes were without effect. During the ascertainment of biological death, the presence of rigor mortis was noted in the lower jaw, neck and extremities, which was absent during the first 30 minutes of resuscitation and at the beginning of the asystolic rhythm. Discussion. The occurrence of rigor mortis is explained by the release of calcium ions from myocytes and the depletion of muscle adenosine triphosphate, which leads to the formation of a stable bond between actin and myosin. Instant or accelerated rigor mortis is rare. According to the literature, high body temperature, strenuous exercise before death, electric shock, convulsions and muscular dystrophy contribute to the acceleration of rigor mortis. Conclusions. In our case, the patient had severe hyperthermia (40.3 ° C), and defibrillation was performed during resuscitation, ie the body was exposed to electric current. Probably, these factors caused the accelerated development of rigor mortis.


I n t e r e s t i n motor s k i l l s performance has been d i rec ted t o ~ ~ a r d t h e pursu i t r o to r and l i nea r pursu i t i n recent years. P4irror-drawing has been u t i l i z ed mainly a s a laboratory device f o r the demonstration of t r an s f e r e f f e c t s t o ele~centary ::sychology students ( 4 , 11). It c a l l s f o r the acquis i t ion of a novel motor s k i l l which should prove worthwhile t o i nves t i ga t e systematically. S imi l a r i t i e s i n motor performance curves of ro ta ry pursu i t and mirror-drawing have been noted by severa l authors. Snoddy ( 6 , 9), Humphreys (6), B e l l (3), and Ammons (1, 2 ) have a l l remarked on t he l ikenesses between the two s k i l l s .


This note presents criteria in terms of Bernoulli numbers for a number to be simultaneously a Wilson prime and a Lerch prime.


Accounting practices are observed to vary from country to country. It
has become increasingly important that a standard accounting
"language" be developed so that financial reports convey the same
message to users from different countries and cultures. It is proposed
that observed differences in accounting practice are due to underlying
cultural differences and that these must be understood in order to
harmonize accounting practice.
Hofstede's (1980) definition of and framework for the analysis of culture
have been used to assist in identifying the predominant national cultures
of Australia and Singapore - two countries with similar British colonial
roots but with distinctly different national cultures. Gray's accounting
values model, which extends Hofstede's analytical framework into the
accounting "sub-culture" arena, and the Harrison and McKinnon model,
which seeks to analyze the responses of an accounting regulatory system
to historical events, both point to there being a link between the
accounting regulation practices and the national cultural values of
Australia and Singapore.
Singaporean's Confucianistic values (deference to authority, valuing of
traditions, collectivism, strong work ethic, etc.) result in a greater
acceptance of government intervention in accounting regulation than is
the case for Australia where individualism, independence and suspicion
of authority are key cultural elements. The implication drawn from this
analysis is the expectation that manipulative profit smoothing in
financial reporting would be practised to a greater degree by corporate
directors in Australia than in Singapore, because societal norms
influence their discretionary choice of accounting policies and
compliance attitudes. This expectation was confirmed by empirical analysis of reported
company financial information in both countries covering the period
1972 to 1989, providing supportive evidence for the view that cultural
differences do affect the propensity to indulge in profit smoothing
manipulation (using extraordinary items adjustments).
The usefulness of the Co V (i.e. the coefficient of vanatIon of the
relative change in reported net profit figures) as an adequate indicator
for detecting the practice of profit smoothing manipulation and as an
unbiased cross-cultural comparative tool was affirmed. The analytical
framework developed for the analysis of cultural influences on
accounting practice should have useful application in other spheres of
accounting and management practice.


n order to probe the feasibility and safety of the substitution of per urethral adiminstration for intra-cavernous injection, the hemodynamic effects of per urethral administion of PGE1 600μg and intra-cavernous injecton of PGE1 15μg were investigated by self-control and cross medicaton randomizely in 32 impotent patients. It showed that per urethral administration of PGE1 had definite curing effects as intracavernous injection on impotence with good feasility and safety.


Health care leaders must take a preemptive approach to clinician well-being that is supported by all stakeholders and prioritized on an equal footing with essential clinical and financial measures.


Numerous regional security organizations have emerged in Central Asia since the end of the Cold War under the leadership of one entrepreneur nation. Whereas multiple security externalities stem from the region, if institutions are really in place to reduce the transaction costs arising from the need to negotiate agreements that guide interstate cooperation, wouldn't one be sufficient? If, on the other hand, institutions are irrelevant as neorealists argue, why such proliferation of acronyms? Starting from the insight that "it is cooperation that makes the exercise of power possible" (Moe 2003: 12), this thesis assumes that since the end of the Cold War, major powers have been prone to using multilateral intergovernmental institutions as a means of wielding influence in the region. It is suggested that multilateral institutions represent a strategic option that alternative policy instruments, such as bilateral agreements, do not match. Their specific value is that they generate opportunities to legitimize claims, form coalitions, and crystallize power relations. This is quite different from saying that institutions are merely a reflection of existing power relations, as much realist literature does. Rather it suggests that institutions have a role in creating and shaping power relations. But it also differs from the transaction costs approach which neglects the power dimension. The research develops a framework to explain the respective agency of China in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, Russia in the Collective Security Treaty Organization, and the United States in NATO's EuroAtlantic Partnership. This framework advances two hypotheses which postulate that institutions represent the intervening variable for entrepreneur states to: 1) foster control over the associated member states; and 2) Deny attempts to exercise control to rival institutional projects or major powers. Empirical evidence lends significant support to the mechanism described by the first hypothesis, but is insufficient in the case of the second one, though institutional outputs are consistent with the expectations of the hypothesis.


Surgical approaches for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) have evolved rapidly in the past century. This has resulted in an increase in the anatomical success rate from zero per cent in the beginning of the 1900s to now, almost 100%. Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is regarded as an acute eye disease that needs immediate treatment. With the increasing number of cataract surgeries and an increased elderly population, the numbers of RRD occurrences are increasing. The aim of this thesis (Hajari 2016) is to create knowledge on how treatment and care of RRD patients can be optimized. In the first paper (Hajari et al. 2014a), data on the incidence of RRD in Denmark is presented based on data from the National Patient Registry (NPR). It was discovered that the incidence of RRD in Denmark is similar to previous reported numbers and that the incidence has been increasing due to increasing numbers of cataract surgeries and an increased elderly population. Using data from the NPR, we estimated that the risk of a RRD occurring on the fellow eye is 100 times larger than on the first eye and that middle-aged men have the highest risk. Having an increase in the incidence of RRD, we need to ensure that the patients are also treated in the most optimal way. To ensure this, an indicator is needed to monitor the quality at the different centres. This indicator presented in the second paper (Hajari et al. 2015) is based on the occurrence of redetachment. We define a detachment to be caused by poor surgery if the retina detaches within 1 year after initial surgery with pneumatic retinopexy, scleral buckling and pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with gas and one and a half years after surgery with PPV with oil. Also, lack of oil removal within the first year is a failed operation. It is widely accepted that RRD is an acute disease, but when should surgery be performed to attain the most optimal result? In the third paper (Hajari et al. 2014b), we evaluated the progression of posterior RRD with an optical coherence tomography (OCT) to make an objective assessment of the movement. We found that the risk of a macula on RRD progressing to affect the fovea is small if the patient is postured appropriately. We found that the movement of the RRD is dynamic, but the detachments will ultimately approach the fovea. Having an opportunity to postpone surgery without risking the outcome for the patient allows a more optimal surgery. The results of this thesis can be used by all health care systems to establish optimal conditions in the treatment of RRD.


The paper presents some results about the inverse problem for an anisotropic elastic medium. The most significant limitations on the applicability of the methods presented in the paper and some variations of the techniques for getting around some of the limitations are discussed at length.


1. Motivation in Perspective 2. The Laws of Motivation 3. Recognise the Demotivators 4. Assertiveness 5. Motivating Yourself by Building Your Own Confidence 6. How to Motivate Yourself by Setting Goals 7. Motivating the Person 8. Motivating the Team 9. Motivational Leadership 10. Incentive Motivation11. Incentive Contests 12. Motivational Communication 13. Motivational Criticism 14. Success Through People 15. Motivation at Home.


This paper discusses the behavior of grouted noncontact lap splices under monotonic tension load. Deformed bars lapped through a grout-filled corrugated duct, and a spiral reinforcement was preembedded in the connection to improve tensile strength of the splice. The experimental results show that bond failure splices are always failed by the pullout of the preembedded bar other than the grouted bar. As the spiral pitch distance is not greater than 75 mm, the tensile strength generally improves with the increment of volumetric spiral reinforcement ratio due to the higher confinement provided by the spiral bar. Compared with the spiral bar diameter, the spiral pitch distance provides more dominant effect on the tensile strength of the connection. Based on the experimental results and the development length specified in ACI 318-14, a revised equation with a reduction factor of 0.76 was proposed to predict the required minimum lap length of spirally confined lap splice.


The stereoscopic camera based on the image formation principle on human eyes and the brain is designed and fabricated by using a CCD and two zoom lenses. As two zoom lenses are separated as 65 mm of the human ocular distance with the wide angle of view of and the variable convergence angle from to , the camera can be operated by the similar binocular parallax as human eyes. In order to take the dynamic stereoscopic picture, a shutter blade for the selection of the left and right images in turns, an X-cube image combiner fur the composition of these two images through the blade, and a CCD with 60 frames per second are used.


A trial was established at Ouse, Tasmania, in April 1981. Sixty weaner Hereforti c-t(lers with an average initial weight of 250 kg were divided into two groups stra-iified on liveweight an? body condition for equal mean and variance. One group was implanted with 36 mg of zeranol and both groups were drenchlzd with a broad spectrum anthelmintic. The trial groups grazed together on good quality pasture for four weeks then on a forge oat crop until slaughter. Results are summarised in Table 1.


The Bell Beaker complex is defined, above all, by a ceramic style widespread across Europe during the 3rd millennium BC. Its particularly large geographic distribution has provoked different interpretations: a unique population invading Europe, the long-distance exchange of prestige goods, and the absence of a real Bell Beaker population with only the diffusion of its cultural components. For Western Switzerland, the Bell Beaker period would have developed following influences varying from both the Mediterranean region and Central Europe (Gallay 2006). Bioanthropology makes it possible to test the first of these hypotheses, which proposes the diffusion of a culture by population displacement. Our previous research on dental nonmetrics supports the idea, for Western Switzerland, of a certain harmony in Middle Neolithic populations and mobility or a moderate population contribution beginning in the Final Neolithic and continuing more intensely during the Bell Beaker period (Desideri 2007). In order to validate and quantify this external population contribution during the Bell Beaker period in this region, enamel of 23 Bell Beaker individuals from the necropolis of the Petit-Chasseur (Sion, Valais, Switzerland) have been analyzed for strontium isotope ratio (87Sr/86Sr).


RNF43 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that is recurrently mutated in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and precursor cystic neoplasms of the pancreas. The impact of RNF43 mutations on PDAC is poorly understood and autochthonous models have not been sufficiently characterized. In this study we describe a genetically engineered mouse model (GEMM) of PDAC with conditional expression of oncogenic Kras and deletion of the catalytic domain of Rnf43 (KRC) in exocrine cells. We demonstrate that Rnf43 loss results in an increased incidence of high-grade cystic lesions of the pancreas and PDAC. Importantly, KRC mice have a significantly decreased survival compared to mice containing only an oncogenic Kras mutation. By use of single cell RNA sequencing we demonstrated that KRC tumor progression is accompanied by a decrease in macrophages, as well as an increase in T and B lymphocytes with evidence of increased immune checkpoint molecule expression and affinity maturation, respectively. This was in stark contrast to the tumor immune microenvironment observed in the Kras/Tp53 driven PDAC GEMM. Furthermore, expression of the chemokine, CXCL5, was found to be specifically decreased in KRC cancer cells by means of epigenetic regulation and emerged as a putative candidate for mediating the unique KRC immune landscape. This GEMM establishes RNF43 as a bona fide tumor suppressor gene in PDAC and puts forth a rationale for an immunotherapy approach in this subset of PDAC cases.


The hyperbole and rhetoric of these lines, though not unusual in the discourse of self-determination and national identity, have taken on sinister new associations since 11 September 2001, and reverberate anew as the world assesses the resolution of the Moscow hostage crisis. The events of 11 September, retrospectively, appear to have justified Russia's longstanding claim that the West was not only underestimating the 'plague of the twenty-first century' international (Islamic) terrorism but also ignoring the existence of 'an arc of Islamic fundamentalism from Kosovo to the Philippines'. Russia sought and gained a support role in America's war against terrorism in Afghanistan, taking every opportunity since the World Trade Center attacks to present its conflict with the Chechens, which it has always characterized as a counter-terrorist operation, as a key component of the coalition's overall struggle with Islamic insurgents, ranking in importance with that of Israel against the Palestinians and the West against the Taliban and al-Qaeda. Western leaders have responded by toning down significantly their criticism of Russian actions in Chechnya, acknowledging tacitly President Putin's carte blanche in dealing with not only the Chechen rebels, but also the civilian population in the war zone. In the perception of many of its citizens, Russia has been restored to its predestined role as the first line of defence in the 'clash of civilizations', defending the Western way of life against the threat of, traditionally the 'Yellow' but now, the Islamic 'Green' Peril'. Since 11 September this claim is no longer dismissed in the West as mere post-Great Power posturing.


It is expedient to use one of the different types of energy storage systems (in dependence of load) in a power system at switching of peak loads, which cannot be covered at the expense of reserve of units operating at the moment. The problem of power system mode moderation at load surge by short term (5-30 s) switching of power source in a kind of synchronous flywheel generator has been considered in the paper.


The conventional linear interpolation method will introduce the estimation error when the gapped data of ISAR is large.A high resolution imaging method based on compressed sensing for gapped data of ISAR is proposed in this paper.We first construct a sparse basis dictionary and linear measurement matrix.Then the convex optimization means as the base pursuit can be used to extract the scatter property and Doppler frequency information.By all the steps above,the image of ISAR is formed in the plane of range and Doppler.No interpolation is needed for the sparse aperture,and no sidelobes exit in the ISAR images.Simulation results and real sparse ISAR data validate the feasibility and superiority of the approach.