The melamine resin/wood flour composites were prepared by using hot press molding.The effect of hot-pressing temperature and hot-pressing time on the mechanical properties,water absorption and whiteness of melamine resin/wood flour composite were studied.The research showed that hot-pressing temperature and hot-pressing time had great influence on the properties of composite.The results showed that the optimum processing conditions were hot-pressing temperature of 150 ℃,hot-pressing time of 8 min.


Providing a surface treatment agent to the metal which can improve the adhesion between metal and rubber. Metal auxiliary 捉性 functional group silane coupling having in the molecule and adhesion promoting the metal surface treatment agent of the rubber and the metal containing metal compound such as cobalt, and a metal scavenging functional obtained by capturing the metal such as cobalt adhesion promoting the metal surface treatment agent of the rubber and the metal containing silane coupling agent having a group in the molecule. The metal scavenging functional group, an amino group, an amide group, an azole group.


The ensemble system from the U.S. Navy's Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System (NOGAPS) model is evaluated in its performance of predicting tropical cyclone genesis and evolution. Several cases of named tropical cyclones during the T-PARC / Tropical Cyclone Structure (TCS-08) field program (August-September 2008 in the Western North Pacific Basin) have been examined in detail to demonstrate the predictability of tropical cyclone genesis and evolution in the NOGAPS ensemble products. The overall skill of ensemble forecasts, ensemble means and spreads, and probabilities in both pre-genesis and post-genesis stages are compared and evaluated. Two non-developing cases are also examined. Two different ensemble schemes, with and without stochastic convection, are also compared based on their ability to produce accurate forecasts of tropical cyclone genesis and evolution.


Under the relation of $0$-concordance, the set of knotted 2-spheres in $S^4$ forms a commutative monoid $\mathcal{M}_0$ with the operation of connected sum. Sunukjian has recently shown that $\mathcal{M}_0$ contains a submonoid isomorphic to $\mathbb{Z}^{\ge 0}$. In this note, we show that $\mathcal{M}_0$ contains a submonoid isomorphic to $(\mathbb{Z}^{\ge 0})^\infty$. Our argument relates the $0$-concordance monoid to linear independence of certain Seifert solids in the (spin) rational homology cobordism group.


A new postdetection method of dispersion is proposed, based on a scheme previously implemented, and that additionally uses a Bit Error Rate (BER) analyser, which allows the extending of the monitoring window. The monitoring method was tested with transmission rates of up to 40 Gbit/s. It showed monitoring windows of at least ± 300 ps / nm, as well as the ability to adapt to different modulation formats, with symmetrical spectrum. The method also allowed high sensitivity (1 dB/( ps/nm).


Interstellar comets penetrating through the Solar System were anticipated for decades. The discovery of non-cometary 1I/'Oumuamua by Pan-STARRS was therefore a huge surprise and puzzle. Furthermore, its physical properties turned out to be impossible to reconcile with Solar System objects, which radically changed our view on interstellar minor bodies. Here, we report the identification of a new interstellar object which has an evidently cometary appearance. The body was identified by our data mining code in publicly available astrometric data. The data clearly show significant systematic deviation from what is expected for a parabolic orbit and are consistent with an enormous orbital eccentricity of 3.14 +/- 0.14. Images taken by the William Herschel Telescope and Gemini North telescope show an extended coma and a faint, broad tail - the canonical signatures of cometary activity. The observed g' and r' magnitudes are equal to 19.32 +/- 0.02 and 18.69 +/- 0.02, respectively, implying g'-r' color index of 0.63 +/- 0.03, essentially the same as measured for the native Solar System comets. The discovery of this object indicates that interstellar comets might be common and creates a tremendous opportunity to study the first such object in detail.


This paper describes interpolation procedures for EPR. In principle, interpolation for EPR is simple: It is a special case of first-order interpolation. In practice, we would like procedures that take advantage of properties of EPR: EPR admits finite models and those models are sometimes possible to describe very compactly. Inspired by procedures for propositional logic that use models and cores, but not proofs, we develop a procedure for EPR that uses just models and cores.


Traditional information signs are not obsolete in the 21 st century but can be of value to visitors. We present our collaborative approach to creating interpretation panels. The well-developed workflow helps to design, set up and maintain all formats of on-site visitor information in the Gesäuse National Park.


This study was conducted to assess the extent of value-addition, employment
 generating potential and economics of peanut-candy and salted-peanut
 small-scale units in India. In the low-capacity peanut-candy units, the
 value-addition at the end of Stage-I (pod to kernel) was $ 2.4/q, whereas, it
 was $ 2.2/q in the high-capacity units. In salted-peanut units, the
 value-addition in the low- and high-capacity was $2.2/q and $2.3/q,
 respectively. In Stage-II (kernel to final product), the value-addition was
 high across sizes and type of the processing units. Around 525 and 635
 man-days of employment/month/unit were generated by low and high-capacity
 peanut-candy units, respectively. The employment generation was less in
 salted-peanut vis-a-vis peanut-candy units due to different processing
 methods. The kernel alone constituted 50 to 52 per cent of the total cost in
 peanut-candy, and 89 per cent in salted-peanut units. The sensitivity
 analysis revealed that change in the kernel price directly affected the
 magnitude of profits. The important policy implications emerged were: if the
 units process the pods to obtain kernel (Stage-I) instead of procuring
 kernels from the market, considerable value-addition can be made, kernel
 price directly affects the profits and hence an appropriate mechanism like
 'contract farming' would stabilise the kernel prices, majority of the units
 retrench labour during off-peak period due to less demand and hence
 diversification in processing will generate sufficient employment to retain
 the existing skilled employees, and appropriate policy intervention is
 necessary to address the capital, technology and marketing constraints of the
 peanut processing units.


Summer report of birds found in central Iowa contributed by Stephen J. Dinsmore. This item was used as supporting documentation for the Iowa Ornithologists' Union Quarterly field report of summer 1987.


Interactive, communicative, and participatory activities contribute to the effectiveness of peace education. The use of games in educational settings is expressed as educational games. From the Oregon Trail to today's highly interactive games, many games have been used to support learning in many subjects. To state it specifically about peace education, the history of digital games for peace education started with My City (1995), supported by UNICEF, continued with games aiming different learning subjects, such as Escape from Woomera (2003), Ayiti (2006), PeaceMaker (2007), Hush (2007) and This War of Mine (2014). The most important contribution of these games in terms of peace education is that individuals gain empathy and perspective. These gains at cognitive and affective domains will contribute to individuals to be more successful in conflict resolution. The games introduced in this chapter are detailed with their pros and cons within the scope of peace education. The researches based on these games are included, and the critical findings of these studies are discussed.


Stock assessment of the exploited marine fishery resources, a major objective of the Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, requires data on linear measurements of fish to study their age and growth. Data on the morphometric characters of the commercially important species are also of vital importance in identifying the unit stocks. In order to maintain uniformity in the collection of
the data it is felt that a manual is required.


Most rice ( Oryza sativa L.) is produced on soils with a prolonged period of submergence. Soil submergence has helped sustain the productivity of continuous rice production systems. It helps maintain soil organic matter (SOM), favors input of N through biological nitrogen fixation, and enhances availability of soil P to rice. Rice will increasingly be produced within political and economic environments of less supply of irrigation water and more income opportunities from alternative crops. This will lead to changes in water management, rice cultivation practices, and cropping patterns resulting in reduced soil submergence and increased duration of soil aeration. Soil aeration alters soil biogeochemical processes, which can lead to loss of SOM, reduced supply of plant-available N and P, and reduced zinc and iron availability on high-pH soils. Soil aeration favors the formation of nitrate, which can be lost via denitrification upon soil submergence for rice cultivation. Soil drying and wetting favor increased emission of nitrous oxide and reduced emission of methane. The productivity of paddy soils, which has been sustained with ample water resources, must in the future be sustained with management interventions that more effectively use water and provide enhanced crop diversification and income generation.


The transmitting losses of several lower modes for four kinds of straight and bent circular hollow optical fibers (waveguide) made up with GeO_2 or SiO_2 and doped with PbO or Sb_2O_3 respectively are calculated. The results show that the HE_(11) mode has the minimum loss in straight waveguide and the loss of TM_(01) mode in bent waveguide is the minimun.


BACKGROUND
The ectopic pregnancy can be treated surgically (conservative or radical) or medically. Currently, the choice between medical and surgical treatment is a critical issue. One of the parameters of this choice is the total cost of management.

AIM
To compare the cost of the management of ectopic pregnancy by medical treatment (methotrexate, MTX) and coeliochirurgicaux.

METHODS
This is a prospective, comparative, nonrandomized,unicentric study, on 39 patients who have ectopic pregnancies treated with MTX versus 16 patients treated by laparoscopic surgery with conservative treatment. This study was collected at the service of Obstetrics and Gynecology Reproductive Medicine Aziza Othmana Hospital (Tunis) for a period of two years.

RESULTS
The average cost of hospital stay per patient was 549.38 dt for the MTX group against 268.39 dt for laparoscopic surgery group (p <0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. In terms of overall absenteeism, there is no statistically significant difference (16.43 vs 17.5 days).

CONCLUSION
The initial treatment with MTX costs more cost than the conservative laparoscopic treatment and this is mainly due to the long period of hospitalization.


A range of multimodal form-meaning pairs has arisen to prompt for the generic integration template called blended classic joint attention (BCJA). This article presents examples and principles.


Does organizat ional learning as measured by experience in a host coun t ry a f f ec t i n t e rna t iona l expansion performance? I f so, does s u c h a relat ionship between exper i ence and per formance ho ld over t ime? How d o the env ironmental forces in the host country a f f e c t s u c h a r e l a t i o n s h i p ? Focusing on organizational learning by m u l t i n a t i o n a l  e n t e r p r i s e s (MNEs) operating in a transition economy, this study answers these three critical questions by exploring the re la t ionships among exper ience , env ironment , and performance at the subsidiary level . Performance


In this work, we have investigated the impact of micro-silica (SiO2), micro-alumina-tri-hydrate (ATH), and mixture of micro/nano-sized particles (ATH + SiO2) on electrical, tracking and erosion, and water absorption characteristics of silicone rubber (SiR)-based novel composites. SiR-blends with varying concentrations by weight percent (wt%) of ATH and SiO2 were prepared by simple blending in a two-roll mixing mill. Tracking/erosion and water absorption resistance properties of SiR-blends were analyzed using the inclined plane test and water immersion tests, respectively, according to ASTM standards. Dielectric strength, volume and surface resistivity, tracking/erosion resistance, and water penetration resistance properties of SiR composites were determined and discussed. SiR composites with ATH showed enhanced dielectric strength, volume and surface resistivity, erosion resistance, and initial tracking voltage compared to SiO2-filled composites. Further, the ATH and SiO2 co-filled specimens showed better water immersion resistance compared to samples only filled with ATH or SiO2. We presume characterization results presented in this work will help researchers to optimize the performance of SiR for outdoor high-voltage insulation applications.


We calculate on-shell scattering amplitudes involving fermions at the tree level in open superstring field theory. We confirm that four-point and five-point amplitudes in the world-sheet path integral with the standard prescription using picture-changing operators are reproduced. For the four-point amplitudes, we find that the quartic interaction required by gauge invariance adjusts the different assignment of picture-changing operators in the $s$-channel and in the $t$-channel of Feynman diagrams with two cubic vertices. For the five-point amplitudes, the correct amplitudes are reproduced in a more intricate way via the quartic and quintic interactions. Our calculations can be interpreted as those for a complete action with a constraint on the Ramond sector or as those for the covariant formulation developed by Sen with spurious free fields.


Due to differences between English and Chinese,words may necessarily be added in translating scientific texts from English into Chinese so as to make the meaning explicit and the language smooth and idiomatic.Such amplification may be required syntactically as well as contextually.


One of the promising areas of the economy in recent decades is innovation. To date, a significant advantage in the economic environment has been given to developments in the field of innovation. The development of new innovative projects and technologies, as well as the results of scientific research, come to the forefront in the confrontation between states. But the financing of innovation activities in the Russian Federation is one of the primary difficulties faced by scientific and innovative organizations. This article discusses the traditional and specific forms of financing innovation in the real sector of the economy. The positive and negative aspects of each of the forms are given. Also given are examples of factors for the most effective management of innovation activities and recommendations for the effective use of forms of financing.


Generation of promising hand and finger poses for multi-fingered robotic hands cannot be simplified as the 2-dimensional model for grippers. Current approaches rely on heuristics that reduce the search space while ignoring a large number of candidates. We present a generative model that samples 6DoF poses for several types of precision grasps. Similarly to previous works, we start with a geometric heuristic to gather data. However, with a large enough samples we are able to sample grasp poses that are by a large margin more successful than using the heuristics. The model consists of 3 cascaded generative models that are based on the conditional Variational Auto-Encoder framework, and takes as input the desired grasp type, the object label, and the object's size. It generates a grasp posture, meaning the configuration of the fingers of the robotic hand, and a 6DoF pose. Our cascaded model samples first the finger joint configuration, followed by the Cartesian position of the object and finally the rotation of the object, our sampler divides the 6DoF in simpler problems, which lead to more successful grasps. In our experiments we show that our model improves the percentage of successful grasps sampled compared to the heuristic and compare several variants of the model to support our design choices, showing the benefits of the cascaded sampling.


This article aims to synthesize and character cobalt nano-particles through microwave polyol process. At first, cobalt acetate is used as precursor to synthesize cobalt nano-particles by microwave assisted ethylene glycol in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as capping agent. As measured from ion-coupled plasma (ICP) and thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), the yields of as-synthesized cobalt particles in average diameters of 40 and 81 nm verified by transmission electronic microscopy (TEM), are 71 and 85%, respectively; and the structure of as-synthesized cobalt nano-particle is a face-center cubic structure analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Finally, the as-synthesized cobalt nano-particle modified by oleic acid is dispersed in kerosene to character magnetic property. As measured by vibration sample magnetometer (VSM), the saturation magnetisms of cobalt nano-particles with average diameters of 40 and 81 nm are 39.1 and 29.5 emu/g, respectively, in solution.


We have developed a novel computational platform, ENVISION, for oncology pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) research and development efforts. ENVISION is an ―evolvable computational environment‖ that mimics the stochastic behavior of cancer growth and development and generates virtual population over space (3-D) and time (1-D) and. For this purpose, we use a cellular automata grid composed of volumetric pixels ( voxels ) and model tumor biology across physiological scales (millimeters) on the grid. We use the ectopic xenograft tumor model in immune compromised mice as the test system. Specifically, we create a virtual mouse-like environment in the grid and ―grow‖ tumor based on relevant biological phenomenon. We base our modeling efforts on experimental datasets for xenografted cancer cell lines and validate our results at each step. ENVISION models the biological phenomenon including: ( i. ) normal mouse cell migration within the grid; ( ii. ) normal mouse cell division and death; ( iii. ) tumor cell migration within the grid; ( iv. ) tumor cell division and death; ( v. ) tumor volume; ( vi. ) blood vessel growth/recession within the grid; ( vii. ) necrosis (upon oxygen deprivation); and ( viii. ) influx of mouse immune healthy cell into the grid. In addition to model and simulate tumor growth, we also extend the capability of ENVISION to simulate anticancer drug efficacy within the tumor microenvironment. For each drug, the single dose pharmacokinetic (PK) information (e.g. plasma drug concentration over time) is used to calculate the drug distribution within the tumor microenvironment. The results (with drug or without drug) are validated by the available experimental data. With proper validation, ENVISION can potentially provide prediction of tumor behavior in both drug and non-drug scenario for new anti-cancer therapeutics.


In order to reduce the computation of full-search algorithm in the motion estimation,this paper proposed a optimization model of a motion search algorithm. The model narrowed the scope of the full search and accelerated the search process of the block-matching through optimizing the scope and method of the motion search. The experimental results show that the search speed of the mode has been significantly improved in the video sequences of different frequencies under the premise of optimizing the image quality,compared with the full-search algorithm.


The invention discloses a low-lactose whey beverage and a preparation method thereof and belongs to the field of healthy beverages. 100ml of the low-lactose whey beverage comprises less than or equal to 1.20 grams of protein, less than or equal to 2.16 grams of lactose and less than or equal to 1.00 gram of fat, plays a role in relieving an untoward effect after people with lactose intolerance ingest the lactose and fills the blank of the low-lactose whey beverage in the domestic market. The method for preparing the low-lactose whey beverage has the advantages of simple process, easy operation, low cost and suitability for small-scale dairy plants. Simultaneously, the method opens up a new path for reasonable utilization of a cheese byproduct, namely whey, for large enterprises capable of producing cheese and provides an effective theoretical basis.


This article surveys a variety of indexes used to measure inflation. The authors identify differences in the construction and coverage of these measures and touch on some of the issues affecting the measurement of prices for a broad range of goods and services.


The sequence of ginseng peptide gene was designed and synthesized by the solid phase phosphoramidiate method. Synthetic segments were isolated, pllrified and joined to the plasmid pUC19. E.icherichiu coli JM101 cells were transformed with above hybrid plasmids. AmpiciIBin resistant transformants were screened and identified by in situ colony hybridization and Southern blot techniques. Finally the gene sequencing was done by the Sanger dideoxy method using primer extension.


Al-Slimani Abstract The study aimed to identify the role of the family in maintaining the Islamic identity of the danger of ideological invasion, through the definition of Islamic identity and most of its components, highlighting the risk of intellectual invasion of the Muslim community, and knowledge of the family's role in the preservation of the Islamic identity of the danger of ideological invasion.In order to achieve the objectives of the study were based on a descriptive approach by eating the literature, studies, documents and contemporary references for the definition of Islamic identity and most of its components, and the definition of some of the principles of Western thought and ideas manifestations of some behavioral abnormalities and intellectual phenomenon among some individuals in the Muslim and influential community identity. Then proposal perception of the role that should be played by the family use of the methods and techniques derived from Islamic education in the preservation of the Islamic identity of the danger of Western thought.Find the number of results have been reached, including:- Islamic identity of the other identities of other communities Bmarjeitha divine characterized derives its values and principles and strength of faith and commitment to the Book of Allah and the Sunnah of His Messenger Muhammad peace be upon him.-The enemies of the Islamic religion aims of different denominations and beliefs destroy Islam by obliterating the Islamic identity and remove them from existence because it is the danger that lies in front of the forces that wish to contain the Islamic world and it is effectively controlled and permanent control.- The family is the first educator of the child, and the largest in the provision of basic needs burden falls, and raised him and control his behavior, the family is sound Magistrate individual, if the individual is sound Magistrate's family, and community reconciliation.Among the recommendations recommended by the search:- The need to raise a family of children of Islamic education through the nodal development because they only guarantee to keep your identity and continuity.- Edit Muslim identity of all aspects of the creek, dependence and tradition, and the elimination of obstacles to the implementation of Islam as a way of destruction of life, and to address attempts to dissolve the Islamic identity, and spare the nation a link to their religion.- The family was keen to teach their children the Arabic language in order to preserve the language of the Koran, which is the portfolio tanker of this religion, culture and sciences.


ABSTRACT Building on the insights of the late Roy Bhaskar and the late Roger Matthews, as well as some recent developments in ultra-realist criminology, this article introduces and delineates some core intellectual contours of a Critical Realist Criminology (CRC) based on the principles of: The 'emergent,' stratified ontology of crime and of the offender; the full critical realist account of the dialectics of being and becoming, including the spiritual turn in critical realism, applied to processes of criminal justice and reform; maximal inclusion of diverse theoretical research positions and the primacy of ontology in methodological selection; a 'serious' critical relationship of criminologists with professionals, institutions and policy-makers of criminal justice. These principles are directed at developing a criminology that 'underlabours' the recovery of human flourishing for the victims and perpetrators of crime and for society at large, including in-depth inquiry into what counts as crime and the purposes of incarceration.


This article is the author's reflections on the problems of humanism, morality, and traditional culture in connection with the concept of a Moral State put forward by Professor S.N. Baburin. The role of the spirituality of the Slavic peoples and their contribution to the strengthening of European cultural identity is considered. The author argues the importance of the conclusion that the virtue of the state as its internal quality in itself turns the state into a guarantor of virtue as a universal value and the validity of the thesis that the values of both Orthodox Christianity and Slavic spirituality represent a solid foundation of a Moral State. The author sees in the Moral State a mechanism for the harmonious combination of the spirit of the revolution with the revolution of the spirit.


A method for forming a double pattern comprises the following steps: providing a layer to be etched; forming a sacrificial layer with openings on the surface of the layer to be etched, wherein the openings expose part of the surface of the layer to be etched; forming a spacer on the surface of each side wall of the sacrificial layer; removing the sacrificial layer; carrying out hydrophobic treatment on the spacers to enable the spacers to have a hydrophobic surface; and cleaning and drying the surface of the layer to be etched and the surfaces of the spacers. By adopting the method, the accuracy of a formed double pattern can be improved.


Remote sensing's main limitation to date was that geological surface information lacked detail due to the broad bandwidth of the operational scanners. Imaging spectrometers now allow acquisition of image data in many contiguous spectral bands, with the aim of producing laboratory‐like reflectance spectra for each pixel in the scene which can be directly compared with spectra of known materials measured in the field or laboratory to allow mineral identification on the Earth surface. The advent of satellite‐based imaging spectrometer systems justifies the surge for techniques that allow the automatic preparation of validated surface mineralogy maps. We show an extension of a procedure known as cross‐correlogram spectral matching to retrieve accuracy assessed surface mineralogy from Airborne Visible/InfraRed Imaging Spectrometer data (AVIRIS). The procedure is based on the spectral cross‐correlation of known mineral spectra with unknown pixel spectra from AVIRIS. The validation is performed through a root‐mean square calculation of expected correlograms and pixel correlograms. Results obtained in the study outlined allow an accurate delineation of zones of hydrothermal alteration in an area of active gold exploration.


A new soy flour-grain oil formulation was more efficient and economical than the standard (soybean-wheat germ) larval diet used to rear Heliothis virescens (F.). Weights of larvae and pupae, percent pupation and adult eclosion, number matings per male, and number of eupyrene sperm per single mating were greater in insects reared on the soy flour-grain oil diet. The approximate costs of the standard (high agar) diet for rearing insects in cups or the modified standard (low agar) diet for mass-rearing in tray units are $0.47 and $0.30/liter, respectively.

The cost of one liter of the new (low agar) formulation, in which wheat germ is replaced by grain oils, is $0.17 (with wheat germ oil) or $0.14 (with corn oil). The new diet also can be used successfully with both types of rearing container. The use of this diet in our laboratory would produce a savings of ca. $10,000/year.


Photonic-molecule modes of a cobweb-micro- structure fiber allow efficient nonlinear optical spectral broad- ening of nanojoule femtosecond light pulses. Spectral widths of approximately 200 nm are achieved at the output of a 6-cm sample of such a fiber for 40-fs Ti:sapphire laser pulses with an energy of a few nanojoules coupled into photonic-molecule modes. Higher values of the group index and a lower group- velocity dispersion, attainable with higher-order photonic- molecule modes, allow the efficiency of spectral broadening of femtosecond laser pulses to be increased relative to the efficiency of spectral broadening in the fundamental photonic- molecule mode.


The near-wake flow at mid-span of low-aspect-ratio rectangular wings (A = 1–2.5) at a chord-based Reynolds number of Re = 8 × 10 is investigated experimentally. The angle of attack is ranged from zero to stall. The reattachment of the leading-edge shear layer for sufficiently small aspect ratios is explained by the corresponding tip vortices rolling up trailing-edge spanwise vorticity and converting it to streamwise vorticity, thereby increasing their strength and effectiveness to provide additional momentum (e.g. downwash) to reattach the flow; this process is also aided by an increase in angle of attack. These concepts are evinced in the current data through the time-averaged vorticity fields and streamlines for A = 1, which show that the trailing-edge shear layer actually decreases in strength and the wake narrows with increasing incidence above 15◦, all while maintaining reattached flow. Complimentary to this idea is an increase in the turbulent kinetic energy of the trailing-edge shear layer, which increases as fully separated, stalled flow is approached for largerAs. Instantaneous vorticity fields show that near-wake vortex shedding is a complex process with shear-layer instabilities, mutual shear layer interaction, and indistinct shear layer segments being shed irregularly into the near-wake.


A homologous series of α,ω-bis-[p-(4-alkoxyphenoxycarbony)Phenoxy] alkanes was prepared; their thermal and liquid crystalline properties were studied by differential scanning calorimetry and on the hotstage of a polarizing microscope. The nature of the liquid crystalline phase of the compounds depended greatly on the length of the central polymethylene spacer and on the terminal alkoxy groups. The 'odd–even' effect of the terminal alkoxy groups was observed neither for the melting nor for the clearing transition temperatures of the compounds. However, the changes in enthalpy and entropy for the isotropic transitions showed a zig-zag dependence on the number of methylene units in the alkoxy groups. Values for 'even' members were consistently higher than those for 'odd' ones, regardless of whether the central polymethylene spacer was odd-numbered or even-numbered.


The invention relates to an aircraft assembly data visualization method based on Web. The method comprises four steps as follows: step 1, setting up system architecture and development environment; step 2, visualization AO (Assembly Order) designing; step 3, assembling process simulation; and step 4, using in an assembly site. The method is used for realizing visual online browse of data such as BOM (Bill of Material), AO, product information and the like, and the assembly quality and the working efficiency of aircrafts are increased. The method has a better practical value and a wide application prospect in the aircraft industry.


There are two popular general approaches for the analysis and visualization of a contingency table and a compositional data set: Correspondence analysis (CA) and log ratio analysis (LRA). LRA includes two independently well developed methods: association models and compositional data analysis. The application of either CA or LRA to a contingency table or to compositional data set includes a preprocessing centering step. In CA the centering step is multiplicative, while in LRA it is log bi-additive. A preprocessed matrix is double-centered, so it is a residuel matrix; which implies that it affects the final results of the analysis. This paper introduces a novel index named the intrinsic measure of the quality of the signs of the residuals (QSR) for the choice of the preprocessing, and consequently of the method. The criterion is based on taxicab singular value decomposition (TSVD) on which the package TaxicabCA in R is developed. We present a minimal R script that can be executed to obtain the numerical results and the maps in this paper. Three relatively small sized data sets available freely on the web are used as examples.


It is an analysis of the relationships of any kind between the platonic image of the cave and different films produced: The Truman Show, El Conformista, Shadowlands, The Picture of Dorian Gray, A Room with a View and Brideshead Revisited.


A RE individuating terms, or 'indicators' as Prof. A. J. Ayer calls them, nothing more than shorthand predicates? In what does the distinction between individual and property consist? These questions are expounded and somewhat uncertainly answered by Prof. Ayer in a recent article.' The principal points of Prof. Ayer's showing are, I believe, the following. Predicative expressions may be taken to signify situations and to apply to occasions, the terms ' situation' and 'occasion' being undefined though a situation is something capable of exemplification and is repeatable, and an occasion is what exemplifies a situation and is not repeatable. A situation can always be re-expressed in terms of occasions : Prof. Ayer's writing his paper is an occasion, and it exemplifies the situation of a person writing, as well as numerous other situations. Occasions must be empirical. Expressions for situations must accordingly admit of translation into terms signifying observable things. The question, Are indicators shorthand predicates?, can be resolved into three other questions: (a) For every descriptive 1 Mind, Vol. LXI, No. 244. 37


Neural network approaches using Multi-Layer Perceptrons (MLPs) and Support Vector Machines (SVMs) for protein secondary structure prediction are presented. A two-stage SVM approach is proposed to capture the contextual relationship of secondary structure elements. The proposed technique yielded higher accuracy than the PHD (Profile network from HeiDelberg) method that cascades two MLPs. We also demonstrate that it is feasible to improve current single-stage approaches to protein secondary structure prediction by adding a second-stage prediction scheme to capture the contextual information among secondary structural elements and thereby improving the accuracy of prediction. Two-stage SVM approach achieved prediction accuracies of 72.4% and 76.7% on two databases of 126 and 513 nonhomologous globular proteins, respectively.


The technological requirements for the steel tube for fabrication of the hydraulic cylinder casing are presented. And the causes for the poor effectiveness of the previously-employed quenching tempering treatment process for the said tube are analyzed. Based on the analysis result,a new quenching tempering process is put forward. Following the new process,the tube is first heat treated to be fully pre-stress relieved,and have stable structure so as to prevent any deformation,when it is undergoing the quenching tempering treatment. Then the tube is subjected to the quenching tempering treatment to get the material's comprehensive mechanical properties properly adjusted. As a result,the tube is generally in possession of such advantages as high strength(hardness),good wear-resistance,high plasticity,high pressure-resistance,low decarbonization rate,and slight deformation,etc. Owing to the said new heat treatment process,the tubes as made are in compliance with the technological requirements for the hydraulic cylinder casing.


The implantation of a knee arthroplasty is still a demanding operation. There is still no "golden standard" available, although a lot of guidelines have been declared. Because of this fact this article should provide the radiologist with an overview of and some background knowledge for the radiological evaluation of knee arthroplasty.


Deep neural network (DNN)-based image denoising methods have been proposed for use with medical images. These methods are commonly optimized and evaluated by use of traditional physical measures of image quality (IQ). However, the objective evaluation of IQ for such methods remains largely lacking. In this study, task-based IQ measures are used to evaluate the performance of DNN-based denoising methods. Specifically, we consider signal detection tasks under background-known-statistically conditions. The performance of the ideal observer (IO) and the Hotelling observer (HO) are quantified and detection efficiencies are computed to investigate the impact of the denoising operation on task performance. The experimental results show that, in the cases considered, the application of a denoising network generally results in a loss of task-relevant information. The impact of the depth of the denoising networks on task performance is also assessed. While mean squared error improved as the network depths were increased, signal detection performance degraded. These results highlight the need for the objective evaluation of IQ for DNN-based denoising technologies and may suggest future avenues for improving their effectiveness in medical imaging applications.


The purpose of this study is to identify and rank problems and obstacles that prevent Iran tractor manufacturing company (ITMCO) of achieving a desired and appropriate export statistics. Towards that end, using international background research and surveys of company's export officials, a questionnaire in the form of the Leonidou's model general framework has been prepared. The questionnaire was distributed among the ITMCO's export elements and replies were analyzed based on mean tests and Friedman nonparametric test. These analyses were carried out on two levels of hypothesis and indices. The findings showed that among the seven main Leonidou model's factors that are defined as study hypothesis, information factors had very prominent role. In addition, in the level of used indices in questionnaire, "enjoyment of governmental organizations features" index, despite of cession of company's 100% stake in the privatization process, is the main obstacle to the company from achieving a desirable and worthy export statistics.


The article deals with the definition of the concept of "incomplete family", describes the typology of single-parent families, the necessity of special social psychological and pedagogical support for children from such families and their parents has been proved. The analysis of various concepts of ―support‖has been made. The idea of psychological and pedagogical support of modern incomplete families has been determined. Key words: incomplete family, types of single-parent families, support, social support, psychological and pedagogical support of single-parent families.


This article addresses the problem of determining group delay time for an ultrashort radio pulse travelling through a medium with negative permittivity and given frequency dispersion. The medium simulates a layer of collisionless plasma while ignoring the movement of positive ions. The study investigates signal generation in the time domain for a 0.2 ps duration radio pulse with a filling frequency of 5 THz passing through a plasma layer at frequencies of 2.5 and 7.5 THz. Spectra of the transmitted pulse were computed, and the impact of dielectric constant on group delay was evaluated. The problem was modelled using the impedance analogue approach of electromagnetic space proposed by Shchelkunov-Sestroretsky. The first part presents the geometry of the problem studied, which is modelled using Tamic Planar Rt-H Analyzer software. In the second part, amplitude and phase spectra of an ultrashort terahertz radio pulse transmitted through a collisionless plasma layer were calculated. The study determined the effect of the plasma layer on group delay (GD), which is a complex parameter used to measure distortion of an ultrashort terahertz radio pulse.


Abstract We report here measurements of hyperfine splittings and g values of two nitroxide spin probes 4',4'-dimethyl-spiro-(5α-cholestane-3,2'-oxazolidin)-3'-yloxyl and 2-(10-carboxydecyl)-2-hexyl-4,4-dimethyl-3-oxazolidinyloxyl methyl ester dissolved in p-azoxyanisole. Using the principal axes values of g and A tensors available, we have determined all three diagonal components of the orientational order parameter tensor S for these spin probe molecules. We find that for neither of the spin probes used here has this tensor S the cylindrical symmetry that is normally assumed to determine the orientational order parameter tensor S(p) defined by the long molecular axis from such measurements. We show further that this conclusion about S is independent of any uncertainty in the principal axes values of the g and A tensors, and hence the relations between S and S(p) normally used do not seem to be well justified. Probable relations are also suggested.


Objective To draw up the learning strategy scale for vocational nursing students and discuss its characteristics. Methods Structure model of learning strategies was constructed by summarizing and analyzing current learning connotation and structure research, through the view of application combining with theory. Results The results showed that the learning strategy of the vocational nursing students included five factors: cognitive strategy, meta-cognitive strategy, emotions regulation strategy, resource management strategy and practical operation strategy. Conclusions The strategy scale is very reliable and valid and can be used to measure these learning strategies. Results also indicates that excellent students show much more profitable strategies than students of lower levels, no difference is found in different grades.

Key words:
Vocational nursing students;  Learning strategies;  Scale


In the Ball Selection Test for assessing psi, ping pong balls are drawn blindly from an opaque bag one at a time with replacement. Each ball has an integer from 1-5 and red or green dots marked on it, thereby produc- ing 10 distinct alternatives. On each trial, a participant jumbles the balls, and attempts to guess both the number and the dot color on the ball prior to pull- ing it out of the bag. Because the 10 ball types are equally represented in the bag, the probability of correctly guessing both the number and the dot color by chance is 10%. In the full protocol, participants fi rst test themselves at home without supervision. Those who score signifi cantly above chance are then retested in the laboratory under an experimenter's supervision. In an ex- periment by the author with participants of the Georg-Elias-Muller Institute (GEMI), 47 participants achieved a hit rate of 11.6% in the at-home phase of the study, p = 10 −14 by a one-tailed binomial test; the 9 selected participants retested in the laboratory achieved a hit rate of 17.3% (p = 10 −50


SummarySummaryVulval dystrophies have long been treated with topical steroids but objective data on their value are lacking. This study proves they are effective and when graduated potent steroids are used carefully, side effects are uncommon.


This essay gives a general introduction to the professional postgraduate institutes in Japan from the perspective of development history, curriculum arrangements and course structure. It also analyses the conducting mode and schooling system of professional postgraduate institutes in Japan from their establishment background, development trend and course classification.


There was developed a facility for the preparation of whipped dough with automatic control unit, which allows you to track the current value of all operating parameters, automatically keep them at the set level, or change in accordance with the prescribed control algorithm. If necessary, the controlled parameters should be displayed for visual inspection process and stored in the computer memory using in the ACS for analysis, calculations and finding the best values.


The utility model relates to an application of a compensation joint of a steel frame upper prop in a shock proofing technique, and is suitable for pure steel, pure concrete or the composite structure of steel and concrete. The combining way of the traditional steel frame prop to weld the girder wing plate or fasten the girder on the prop by the bolting of a web plate, but the girder bends by deforming under pressure, causing the damage of the weld bead of a girder prop interface and resulting in being not easily to be repaired. The compensation joint of the steel frame prop can be used for improving the deficiency; as a steel plate, a steel component with a T-shaped cross section, or a corner steel are applied to the interface of the girder prop of the flexural moment preventing joint, the strength at the joint of the girder prop is increased, thereby forcing the plastic deformation of the girder to happen apart from the prop surface; therefore, the damage of the weld bead at the joint of the girder prop is avoided.


Treatment of kyanite beneficiation wastewater by coagulation-precipitation was investigated.3 coagulants were selected as objects of study and their function of removing turbidity were compared.Results showed that aluminum sulfate was the better coagulant for treatment of wastewater.At pH 8.4,40 mg/L of aluminum sulfate was added into the wastewater,turbidity of wastewater would reduce from 91.2 NTU to 1.32 NTU.While at pH 8.4,40 mg/L aluminum sulfate and 0.25 mg/L polyacrylamide(PAM) were added in sequence to the wastewater,turbidity of wastewater would decrease from 91.2 NTU to 0.23 NTU.Results revealed that the effect of combined use of aluminum sulfate and polyacrylamide on water treatment was better than the use of aluminum sulfate,with effluent water quality satisfactory to the requirement of industrial reuse.


HUANG Xinmin ZHU Hong XU Jinxia (School of Materials Science & Engineering, Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009, China) Abstract: Ordered nanostructure arrays of Ni-Al2 03 were synthesized by direct current electro-deposition in anodic alumina membranes (AAM). The investigation with an electron microscope, an Xray diffractmeter and a vibration sample magnetometer indicates that the Ni nanowires, growing in the pores of AAM with about 45 nm in diameter, are monocrystdline and have a definite preferred crystallizing orientation. The magnetic behavior of the arrays and their mechanism were discussed.


This article describes a longitudinal, rural project undertaken with 40 Australian preschoolers across the transition from early childhood centre to school. Developmental differences regarding gender were identified in the children's drawings both at preschool and school levels, some of these indicating changes had occurred across the transition to school. Preschool girls for instance excelled in the areas of basic form, colour and spatial integration, but at school level this pattern was all but reversed. Differences between the content of the drawings were also analysed. The implications for the teacher's role are discussed.


Abstract A six-level quasi-geostrophic model including radiative and photochemical processes in the manner suggested by Lindzen and Goody is run from a state of joint radiative-photochemical equilibrium for midwinter conditions. The spectral method is used to integrate the equations where all dependent variables are represented by a set of spherical harmonics with east-west wave numbers 0, 1, 2, 3, and 6 included. The winter storage of ozone in the polar lower stratosphere is simulated, and the importance of horizontal planetary scale transports and the vertical eddy diffusion of ozone is demonstrated. The rapid dissipation of upper stratospheric temperature disturbances by joint radiative-photochemical relaxation is discussed, and the importance of tropospheric forcing and nonlinear exchanges of kinetic energy between the planetary scale waves is demonstrated. The energetics of downward-propagating spontaneous warmings is discussed. A full-scale warming is triggered by strengthening the north-south lower...


Another group of commentaries elaborate the intricate meanings of norms, including the comments on classic distinctions between norms and values (Frese, this issue), between descriptive and injunctive norms (Eriksson & Strimling, this issue), between personal and social norms (Peterson & Barreto, this issue), and the roles of "others" and social interactive processes in norm emergence (Postmes, Akkus, & Stroebe, this issue).


We report on Raman scattering of GaSe for thicknesses varying from bulk down to bilayer. The Raman spectra using 532 nm excitation show a strong dependence on layer thickness. The two out-of-plane modes of GaSe shift in opposite directions as the thickness increases. However, from pentalayer the Raman spectra of GaSe do not show any further change thus reaching bulk nature in terms of optical properties. We also perform ab initio density functional theory calculations for the geometry, the electronic band structure, and the Raman frequencies for bulk down to one monolayer. Good agreement with the experimental results is found, and we reproduce the trend, driven by the number of layers, in the Raman shifts. Our results present the first systematic approach to a layer dependent Raman study of GaSe and answer contradictions reported in the literature.


Abstract: inhibits adhesion to the nozzle of the gas bubbles to contribute to the ejection failure of the head. A When driving the pump 8 to fill the ink, the ink is sucked through the cap 7, the ink enters from the cartridge 1 to the joint section 2 flows into the bubble reservoir 3 through the upstream passage, It passes through the filter 4, sequentially charged into the common liquid chamber 5 and the nozzle portion 6 through the downstream path. At this time, air bubbles flowing from the cartridge 1, the bubble reservoir 3, the flow rate is decelerated, lifting the buoyancy of the air bubbles, adhesion of the filter 4 at the upstream side, the inner wall of the ink passage hydrophobic treatment has been performed and, and, the bubble itself dammed by the filter 4, does not flow to the downstream.


This study investigated the effects of pressure level, holding time, and storage period on the physicochemical properties of chilled abalone. Pressure level and storage period had a significant effect on the qualities of abalone, while the impact of holding time was negligible compared to those of pressure level and storage period. Pressurization at 400 _ 500 MPa had the potential advantage to extend shelf-life of abalone to more than 15 days, while quality modifications were noticeably identified. Moderate pressurization (< 200 MPa) had no effect on the shelf-life of abalone. The optimal processing condition was 200 _ 300 MPa at which the shelf-life of abalone could be extended to around 10 days with minimizing quality modification. Although, the mechanisms involved in shelf life extension and quality modification of pressurized abalone were not fully understood, the present study demonstrated the potential application of high pressure in the abalone industry.


A significant reduction in total dose damage is observed when bipolar integrated circuits are irradiated at low temperature. This can be partially explained by the Onsager theory of recombination, which predicts a strong temperature dependence for charge yield under low-field conditions. Reduced damage occurs for biased as well as unbiased devices because the weak fringing field in thick bipolar oxides only affects charge yield near the Si/SiO2 interface, a relatively small fraction of the total oxide thickness. Lowering the temperature of bipolar ICs-either continuously, or for time periods when they are exposed to high radiation levels-provides an additional degree of freedom to improve total dose performance of bipolar circuits, particularly in space applications.


The invention relates to a telescopic manipulator installation and maintenance trolley which comprises a four-wheeled trolley body, an electric-hydraulic pusher, a lifting frame, cranes and a crane guide rail. The lifting frame and the electric-hydraulic pusher are installed on the four-wheeled trolley body. The cranes are mounted on the crane guide rail, and the crane guide rail is mounted on the lifting frame. The four-wheeled trolley body is equipped with four wheels, wherein the two wheels on one side of the four-wheeled trolley body are directional wheels, and the two wheels on the other side of the four-wheeled trolley body are steering wheels with the direction being controlled through a steering wheel control mechanism. The four-wheeled trolley body is provided with a trolley frame which is provided with four lifting jacks, and the lifting jacks can rotatably ascend and descend. The lifting frame is composed of a fixed frame body, a primary lifting frame body and a secondary lifting frame body. The trolley frame is provided with the fixed frame body and the electric-hydraulic pusher. The telescopic manipulator installation and maintenance trolley has the advantages of being novel in structure, convenient to operate, safe and reliable.


ABSTRACT In 2018, RMIT University Library was awarded $5,000 fellowship from Libraries of the Australasian Network (LATN) to investigate opportunities in open educational resources (OER). The reasons behind the application were to advocate and increase the use of OER, increase knowledge and expertise in open licencing, and leverage support, advice and appropriate infrastructure from LATN members. The associated benefits to LATN would include the establishment of an OER community of practice and the development of shared tools and resources to facilitate the uptake of open educational resources at home institutions. This is the story of how the Open Textbook Initiative evolved and how a deliberate campaign to increase awareness and adoption of OER was created. Activities included delivering OER awareness sessions, aligning OER textbooks with selected subject areas, delivering an open textbook forum, with local and international speakers, and creating a savings bank for self-reported OER adoptions. The OER textbook hero program was developed to highlight the teaching challenges faced by academic staff and explore their responses. As a result of this activity, there has been greater visibility of OER and the discussion has evolved from textbook affordability to open educational practices.


The steady-state, quasi-steady-state and transient-state concepts are introduced to the analyses of delay line discriminators for FM noise measurement. Only by this means, is it possible to determine the admitted range for RF drift when the discriminator has been adjusted to the nominal frequency; the linearized frequency deviation range when it's used as large frequency deviation measurement, f.e. the system calibration and the measured range of the baseband frequency respectively, so that the system constrained performances can be mastered to the full.


The present invention provides composite reinforcing treatment process for aluminum or aluminum alloy substrate surface through both ion implantation and deposition. The present invention solves the problems of great residual stress, lower binding force and poor bearing capacity of diamond-like carbon film on aluminum or aluminum alloy substrate, and the low wear resistance of DLC film under high speed and heavy load condition. The composite reinforcing treatment process includes the following steps: ultrasonic cleaning of aluminum or aluminum alloy substrate; Ar ion sputtering cleaning; Ti ion implantation; PIIID deposition of Ti film; PIIID deposition of TiN film; PIIID deposition of Ti(CN) film; PIIID deposition of TiC film and synthesis of diamond-like carbon film. All the steps but the first mentioned one are completed in vacuum chamber. The DLC film of the present invention has 10 times over raised wear life compared with single DLC film in the same thickness and friction coefficient lower than 0.1.


The objective of this thesis was to examine and analyse how various directors within old-age care, the resident-coordinator, nursing-staff, and the dementia-team apprehend the organisation of dementia nursing homes in the municipality. Our questions were the following:

How important is it that the care-receivers are examined and diagnosed?

Do the respondents experience difficulties with non-differentiated dementia nursing homes?

Which are the advantages and disadvantages for care receivers/patients and nursing-staff if dementia care homes are differentiated according to the care-receivers dementia diagnosis and phase of illness?

Are there alternative solutions to the way the municipality organise the residence for carereceivers today that might improve the situation for care-receivers/patients and nursing-staff?

How does cooperation or the lack of it mint the conditions for care in dementia nursing homes?

Which goals does the municipality have for the organisation of dementia care?

Our approach was a qualitative method consisting of interviews to answer the objective of this thesis and our questions. Our findings are supported by a sociological analysis of organisations. Our findings show that there is a conflict of interest between the principle of permanent residence which imply that the care-receiver should not have to move against her or his will and between the use of differentiated dementia nursing homes. A differentiation of nursing homes would imply that the care-receiver would need to move according to his or her need of care and this is inconsistent with the principle of permanent residence.


In a microarray analysis of the RpoS regulon in mammalian host‐adapted Borrelia burgdorferi, bb0728 (cdr) was found to be dually transcribed by the sigma factors σ70 and RpoS. The cdr gene encodes a coenzyme A disulphide reductase (CoADR) that reduces CoA‐disulphides to CoA in an NADH‐dependent manner. Based on the abundance of CoA in B. burgdorferi and the biochemistry of the enzyme, CoADR has been proposed to play a role in the spirochaete's response to reactive oxygen species. To better understand the physiologic function(s) of BbCoADR, we generated a B. burgdorferi mutant in which the cdr gene was disrupted. RT‐PCR and 5′‐RACE analysis revealed that cdr and bb0729 are co‐transcribed from a single transcriptional start site upstream of the bb0729 coding sequence; a shuttle vector containing the bb0729‐cdr operon and upstream promoter element was used to complement the cdr mutant. Although the mutant was no more sensitive to hydrogen peroxide than its parent, it did exhibit increased sensitivity to high concentrations of t‐butyl‐hydroperoxide, an oxidizing compound that damages spirochetal membranes. Characterization of the mutant during standard (15% oxygen, 6% CO2) and anaerobic (< 1% O2, 9–13% CO2) cultivation at 37°C revealed a growth defect under both conditions that was particularly striking during anaerobiosis. The mutant was avirulent by needle inoculation and showed decreased survival in feeding nymphs, but displayed no survival defect in unfed flat nymphs. Based on these results, we propose that BbCoADR is necessary to maintain optimal redox ratios for CoA/CoA‐disulphide and NAD+/NADH during periods of rapid replication throughout the enzootic cycle, to support thiol‐disulphide homeostasis, and to indirectly protect the spirochaete against peroxide‐mediated membrane damage; one or more of these functions are essential for infection of the mammalian host by B. burgdorferi.


Second harmonic generation in a metallo-dielectric photonic band gap structure can be, under suitable conditions, two orders of magnitude greater than the maximum conversion efficiency achievable in a single layer of silver.


To meet requirements of quality courses,graphic design course of vocational college is oriented through teaching aim,teaching content,teaching methods and evaluation methods and the demands on practical abilities of technical talents.


The utility model discloses a marine foundation construction platform for jacket construction, which comprises a platform body (1), support legs (2) mounted on two sides of the platform body, a jacket (3) arranged on the platform body, a longitudinal sliding rail (4) longitudinally arranged along the platform body and a jacket transporting device (5); the jacket transporting device comprises a support frame (51) which is glidingly connected with the longitudinal sliding rail; a cantilever (52) is mounted at the top of the support frame; a pulley (53) is mounted on the cantilever; a winch (54) is mounted at the bottom of the support frame; and the tail end of a steel wire rope (541) of the winch rounds the pulley and is fixedly connected with the jacket. Therefore, the transportation and the sinking of the jacket can be realized without cooperation with other ships, so that the construction flow is simplified, the work efficiency is improved and the production cost is reduced.


Rural industrial development and new rural development programmes are the main target of Vietnam in the process of industrialization – modernization of the country. To expedite this process, it is necessary to promote the development and encourage the contributions of small enterprise in general and small enterprise rural in particular because practices in many countries show the important role of small and micro enterprises in local development. This paper presents the initial results of research to understand the economic–social contributions of rural enterprises to local development through the mobilization of local resources as well as establishment of the economic-social relations in local of rattan's enterprises in the suburb of Hanoi, and then propose some measures to facilitate the operation of enterprises and promote the contribution of rattan's enterprises for local development.


The precise mechanisms for catecholamine release at birth are not well established. Labor and delivery, cold, cord clamping, hypoxia and acidosis are stimuli of catecholamine release. Lung liquid resorption is in relationship with catecholamine release. To study the effect of the different stress applied on lung tissue, we investigated the different phases of birth simulation in utero focused only on lung distension, ventilation with Nitrogen(N2) without modifications of fetal blood gases, then with air and oxygen. We studied 16 ewes at 134,75±4 days of gestational age. Mean fetal weight was 3,63±0,63 kg. Pressure of db tension was 25±10 cm of water. For rhythmic ventilation with N2, pressure of inflation was 27±6 mm Hg, PEEP 4±5 and I/E 36±13%. Catecholamine samples were withdrawn after 15 min following modifications. Catecholamine concentrations were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Statistical analysis compared the consecutive steps analyzed by the non-parametric Wilcoxon test and considered significant for a p<0,01Ventilation increased 4,6 fold epinephrine concentrations. However distension did not increase catecholamine release. Ventilation with air and O2 decreased concentrations and placental blood flow was abolished. The precise mechanism which induces catecholamine release during rhythmic ventilation with N2 is not elucidated.


Foreign exchange rate prediction can be considered crucial in today's world. The exchange rate of a country plays a vital role in its economic growth. The Central Bank of a country holds the authority in managing the exchange rate and its policies. The study predicts the foreign exchange rate of American Dollar to Sri Lankan Rupee using FbProphet model; a time-series forecasting model developed and introduced by Facebook. The daily exchange rate values for USD/LKR were obtained and the values are predicted for another twenty-four months starting from November 2020. R Squared value is calculated to verify the fitting of the model and the value is 0.98, which indicates that the model for prediction very well fits for the data set used. And further, Mean Squared Error and Mean Absolute Error are calculated to measure the performance of the model. These metric measurements show that the model is appropriate for the data set which has been selected for the research study.


Hemoglobin was a hot topic in the 1970s. Austrian biochemist Max F. Perutz had shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1962 for his work mapping the oxygen-transporting metalloprotein's structure. In 1971, U.S. President Richard Nixon called for more research into sickle-cell anemia, a condition caused by abnormal hemoglobin, in his health address to Congress. The National Sickle Cell Anemia Control Act of 1972, passed the following year, encouraged screening, counseling, research, and treatment for the disease. In 1973, fetal blood testing for sickle-cell anemia became available. Still, much remained to be learned about how hemoglobin functions. John H. Richards was a professor of organic chemistry and biochemistry at the California Institute of Technology at the time. He was interested in understanding how hemoglobin transports oxygen in the blood, which required more structural information than Perutz's prior work had made available. To do that, he needed to know at what pH the protein functions inside red blood cells since the state of ionization at their active sites determines how proteins fold and function. Moreover, binding of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (DPG) affects hemoglobin's oxygen affinity, a process that was known to be pH-dependent. Richards and graduate student Richard Moon planned an experiment in which the pH sensitivity of DPG binding would be used as an indicator of intracellular pH. In 1973, the pair published a paper that Norma Allewell, professor of cellular and molecular biology at the University of Maryland, College Park, and a JBC associate editor, calls "a novel and very important method" for determining intracellular pH (1). In their work, Richards and Moon took advantage of the fact that DPG contains two phosphorus atoms that could be detected using P NMR spectroscopy and that the phosphorus signal would be different based on whether or not DPG was bound to hemoglobin, providing an indirect readout of pH. They used this nondestructive technique to peer inside cells and other complex samples, specifically hemolysates, red cell suspensions, and whole blood. The researchers compared the chemical shifts—the relative resonant frequencies of the nuclei— of the phosphorus inside the cells with that in the blood serum to determine the pH inside the red blood cells. Through these experiments, they found that P NMR is an effective way to determine the pH inside the red blood cell and levels of significant cell metabolites, including ATP, inositol hexaphosphate, and more. The researchers reported the pH as 6.70 for whole blood and 7.52 for hemolysates. In finding the pH, Richards and Moon had laid the groundwork for further inquiry into hemoglobin's structure and function. This paper came about in the early days of using NMR to study biological molecules. Before NMR, researchers had to homogenize cells to get at the intracellular contents, in the process breaking up unique compartments now known to have drastically different pH values. NMR allows researchers to measure intracellular pH without destroying cells and also allows them to examine cells in different settings. P is abundant in the body, has a wide range of chemical shifts, and is found in many metabolites, which made it an effective tool for Moon and Richards's work and for other studies involving living organisms. "Richards was definitely not an NMR person," says Kurt Wüthrich of Scripps Research Institute California. "He used Norma Allewell at the University of Maryland nominated this paper as a Classic. 1 Alexandra A. Taylor is a freelance science writer based in Washington, D. C. E-mail: email@example.com. Figure 1. John H. Richards and graduate student Dale Kooistra work with an NMR spectrometer at Caltech in 1973. Photo courtesy of the Archives, California Institute of Technology. CLASSICS


The number and distribution of recessive alleles in the population for various diseases are not known at genome-wide-scale. Based on 6447 exome-sequences of healthy, genetically-unrelated Europeans of two distinct ancestries, we estimate that every individual is a carrier of at least 2 pathogenic variants in currently known autosomal recessive (AR) genes, and that 0.8-1% of European couples are at-risk of having a child affected with a severe AR genetic disorder. This risk is 16.5-fold higher for first cousins, but is significantly more increased for skeletal disorders and intellectual disabilities due to their distinct genetic architecture.


In this paper we have investigated a new approach for texture features extraction using co-occurrence matrix from volumetric lung CT image. Traditionally texture analysis is performed in 2D and is suitable for images collected from 2D imaging modality. The use of 3D imaging modalities provide the scope of texture analysis from 3D object and 3D texture feature are more realistic to represent 3D object. In this work, Haralick's texture features are extended in 3D and computed from volumetric data considering 26 neighbors. The optimal texture features to characterize the internal structure of Solitary Pulmonary Nodules (SPN) are selected based on area under curve (AUC) values of ROC curve and p values from 2-tailed Student's t-test. The selected texture feature in 3D to represent SPN can be used in efficient Computer Aided Diagnostic (CAD) design plays an important role in fast and accurate lung cancer screening. The reduced number of input features to the CAD system will decrease the computational time and classification errors caused by irrelevant features. In the present work, SPN are classified from Ground Glass Nodule (GGN) using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) classifier considering top five 3D texture features and top five 2D texture features separately. The classification is performed on 92 SPN and 25 GGN from Imaging Database Resources Initiative (IDRI) public database and classification accuracy using 3D texture features and 2D texture features provide 97.17% and 89.1% respectively.


The finite element analysis of triple reduction gearbox that constitutes the driving mechanism of a double bascule movable bridge was performed. The triple reduction helical gearbox was made of ASTM A36 Steel. The triple reduction helical gearbox was a three stage gearbox transmitting 112.5 H.P. at 174 rpm with a reduction ratio of 71.05:1. The load calculation for helical gear was performed using the CAD Software package. The reactions were used to apply loads to the finite element model of housing (casing). Geometric model of triple reduction gearbox casing was built using NX-8 and meshed using the ANSYS finite element program. Static structural analysis was performed using a combination of shell and solid elements to determine the deflection and to estimate the stress distribution in the housing. The aim is to improve the strength by reducing the stress and deformation what changes can do in Design that all will discussed about the detail analysis of ANSYS software result for three different cases for gearbox casing .case (1) casing without stiffeners and rings. Case (2) casing with stiffeners. Case (3) casing with stiffeners and rings.


Objective:To find a suitable growing environment for the bioengineered teeth in vivo by observing the development of rat tooth germs (rTGs) of heterotopic allotransplantation.Method:The first molar rTGs from closed colony Sprague-Dawley rat pups were implanted respectively into the subrenal capsule spaces, the mesenteries, the peritoneal outer spaces, the abdominal cavities and the soft tissues beneath the oral mucosa of the allogeneic adult rat hosts. The implants were retrieved 3 weeks later for histological analysis.Result: The rTGs in the subrenal capsule spaces and mesenteries were in good condition. At the same time, the enamel and pulp-dentin complex developed well in these two places with the distinctive dentinal tubule structures under the microscope. The further growth of rTGs in the peritoneal spaces and the abdominal cavities were not observed. Furthermore, there were obvious lymphocyte infiltrations in the pulp cavities and around the allografts. No grafts were retrieved from the soft tissues beneath oral mucosa. Conclusion: The environment under the renal capsule or in the mesenteries of closed colony rat is favorable for the growth of allogeneic rTGs and can be used as a new alternative for bioengineered tooth development in vivo.


Since communication networks such as the Internet, which is regarded as a complex network, have recently become a huge scale and a lot of data pass through them, the improvement of packet routing strategies for transport is one of the most significant themes in the study of computer networks. It is especially important to find routing strategies which can bear as many traffic as possible without congestion in complex networks. First, using neural networks, we introduce a strategy for packet routing on complex networks, where path lengths and queue lengths in nodes are taken into account within a framework of statistical physics. Secondly, instead of using shortest paths, we propose efficient paths which avoid hubs, nodes with a great many degrees, on scale-free networks with a weight of each node. We improve the heuristic algorithm proposed by Danila et. al. which optimizes step by step routing properties on congestion by using the information of betweenness, the probability of paths passing through a node in all optimal paths which are defined according to a rule, and mitigates the congestion. We confirm the new heuristic algorithm which balances traffic on networks by achieving minimization of the maximum betweenness in much smaller number of iteration steps. Finally, We model virus spreading and data transfer on peer-to-peer (P2P) networks. Using mean-field approximation, we obtain an analytical formulation and emulate virus spreading on the network and compare the results with those of simulation. Moreover, we investigate the mitigation of information traffic congestion in the P2P networks.


Improving health outcomes relies on patients' full engagement in prevention, decision-making, and self-management activities. Health literacy, or people's ability to obtain, process, communicate, and understand basic health information and services, is essential to those actions. Yet relatively few Americans are proficient in understanding and acting on available health information. We propose a Health Literate Care Model that would weave health literacy strategies into the widely adopted Care Model (formerly known as the Chronic Care Model). Our model calls for first approaching all patients with the assumption that they are at risk of not understanding their health conditions or how to deal with them, and then subsequently confirming and ensuring patients' understanding. For health care organizations adopting our model, health literacy would then become an organizational value infused into all aspects of planning and operations, including self-management support, delivery system design, shared decision-making support, clinical information systems to track and plan patient care, and helping patients access community resources. We also propose a measurement framework to track the impact of the new Health Literate Care Model on patient outcomes and quality of care. P atient engagement in health care has been termed the "blockbuster drug of the century," with the potential to transform the practice of medicine. As noted in the Affordable Care Act, however, engaging patients in their own health care fundamentally relies on health literacy—that is, their ability to obtain, process, communicate, and understand basic health information and services. Unfortunately, relatively few people are proficient in understanding and acting on available health information to fully engage in their own care. Incorporating health literacy themes and tools into the widely adopted Care Model (formerly known as the Chronic Care Model) can encourage engagement among health care staff and patients, as well as the families and caretakers who support patients' prevention, decisionmaking, and self-management activities. The CareModel, called the Chronic CareModel when it was first proposed in 1996 by Edward Wagner and coauthors, represents an evidence-based framework that could promote the delivery of safe, effective, and collaborative care to patients. Over time, the Chronic Care Model was expanded to explicitly encompass high-quality care such as patient-centeredness and timeliness—as well as preventive care. As a result, it is now simply called the Care Model. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2012.1205


Article is devoted questions of formation of effective system of enforcement authorities. By means of the system category expressing internal both external communication and a way of the organization of interaction of elements and processes are among themselves studied субстанциональные characteristics of system of executive power


An information processing apparatus, even when the mean and variance of the response variable dependent on the explanatory variables with continuous variables, and still obtain accurate results of the regression analysis. An information processing apparatus according to each of a range of candidate division determined, based on the observed data, calculating the mean and variance of the response variable, the candidate is information relating to the division will be explained the variable domain is divided into a plurality of ranges, the said observation data includes information indicating instructions of the variable the response information variables, the response variable is dependent on the value of the variable described observation, the mean and the variance depends on the explanatory variables. Calculating information criterion information processing apparatus in response to the mean and variance of the variables based on the observation by using the calculated data, and selecting from the plurality of candidate dividing a specific division candidates. The information processing apparatus based on the particular division determined for each candidate range calculated mean and variance, calculates a smoothing function of the variance explained response variable domain of definition of variables and representing the variables defined description mean smoothing function response variable domain.


Several studies have been conducted to compare chemical parameters and fatty acids composition of extracts from seeds winter and spring rape of sort «Mykytynetskyi», obtained in a laboratory under the cold pressing method. It was found that all samples of the investigated extracts had acid and peroxide numbers were well within the standards. It has been determined the fatty acid composition and the quantitative content of the main fatty acids in the extracts from the seeds of winter and spring rape of the «Mykytynetskyi» variety, namely oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids. The study has revealed the ratio of ω-3: ω-6 fatty acids that shows the high biological value of extracts of modern varieties of rape.


This article discusses the experience of implementing a new learning model in an introductory electric circuit analysis course. Both student feedback and student outcomes within the course have been overwhelmingly positive. This article describes the design philosophies used in the conversion of the course that are believed to have contributed to its success. Both qualitative and quantitative measures support the conversion's success—including data showing that the class average improved by a full letter grade.


Abstract Variations in the chemical and isotopic compositions (δ13C1 or methane) of gases from the Wind River Basin, central Wyoming, were studied in order to better understand the origins of the gases. Gases from all producing intervals in conventional reservoirs at depths ranging from 2,321 to 18,050 ft are predominantly thermal in origin (C1/C1-5 of 0.82 to 1.0, δ13C1 of -31.12 to -47.40‰). Most gases sampled from conventional reservoirs appear to have migrated from deeper, more mature source rocks. Gases were collected from three fields where reservoirs from several stratigraphic levels are productive, the Madden field along the deep basin trough, and the Pavillion and East Riverton Dome fields in the western part of the basin. Considerable vertical migration has occurred at all of these fields. At Madden, for example, gases become only slightly heavier isotopically (δ13C1 of -34.81 to -31.82‰) and chemically drier (C1/C1-5 of 0.95 to 1.0) through more than 12,000 ft of section (5,556 to 18,050 ft). At Pavillion, gases from the shallow (3,437 to 3,564 ft), immature reservoirs (Rm 0.5 percent) in the lower Eocene Wind River Formation are isotopically heavy (δ13C1 of -39.24 to -40.20‰) and were generated by mature to post-mature source rocks. The lacustrine Waltman Shale Member of the Paleocene Fort Union Formation, which is present throughout much of the eastern two-thirds of the basin, appears to inhibit the vertical migration of gas from deeper sources. Few gas fields produce from the marginally mature reservoirs above the Waltman Shale Member, and the gas that is produced from this interval appears to have been generated in the Waltman. At Fuller Reservoir field, in the central part of the basin, gas from shallow (2,500-3500 ft), marginally mature (Rm 0.60 to 0.65 percent) reservoirs in the Fort Union Formation above the Waltman Shale Member is associated with waxy oil, is wet chemically (C1/C1-5 of 0.84) and is isotopically light (δ13C1 of -46.99‰). This gas and oil appears to have been generated in the Waltman Shale Member deeper in the basin. Gases from below the Waltman Shale Member are chemically dry (C1/C1-5 of 0.94 to 0.95) and isotopically heavy (δ13C1 of -34.79 to -36.19‰) and probably migrated from underlying Upper Cretaceous source rocks. In contrast, at Pavillion field, west of the pinchout of the Waltman Shale Member, mature gases from probable Upper Cretaceous source rocks were able to migrate into the shallow marginally mature reservoirs of the lower Eocene Wind River Formation. A single coalbed methane well is producing in the western part of the basin, at Riverton Dome in the southeast corner of the Wind River Reservation. Gas from this well, which is completed in Upper Cretaceous Mesaverde Formation coals at depths of depths of 3,270 to 3,839 ft., appears to be of thermogenic origin (δ13C1 -46.15‰, C1/C1-5 0.98). Shallow coalbed gases (307 to 818 ft) desorbed from cores of the thermally immature (Rm 0.40 to 0.54 percent) Mesaverde Formation in the Wind River Reservation have highly varied chemical and isotopic compositions and appear to have complex and varied origins. Coalbed gases from the Hudson area in the southeastern corner of the Reservation have the isotopic compositions of a thermally generated gas (δ13C1 -47.0 to -55.91‰). Coalbed gases from the Pilot Butte area about 25 miles to the northwest appear to be a mixture of biogenic and thermogenic gas. The methane fraction is isotopically light (δ13C1 -61.85 to -66.21‰) and is probably largely biogenic, but the gases contain as much as 5.6 percent C2+ and this fraction is probably of thermogenic origin. These coals appear to be too thermally immature to have generated significant quantities of thermogenic gas, and it is suggested that the thermogenic component of these gases migrated into the coals from a deeper, more thermally mature source.


University of Tampere School of Management, Insurance Science Author: SANDBERG JARKKO Title: Human Element of Corporate Espionage Risk Management – Literature Review on Assessment and Control of Outsider and Insider Threats Master's Thesis: 78 pages Date: April 2015 Keywords: Corporate Espionage, Information Risk Management, Insider Threat, Social Engineering, Advanced Persistent Threat The primary purpose of this study is to determine how suitable human risk management controls are against corporate espionage. Information risks are ascending problem with corporations all over the world. Cyber attacks are commonplace, and the attackers are often trying to compromise valuable data assets. These malicious targeted attacks are bypassing traditional information security controls; therefore, organizations are endangered by these threats. Since the traditional information security measures cannot effectively prevent trade secret thefts, companies must look for alternative remedies to mitigate the risks of corporate espionage. One eligible solution is to focus on the human element of information risks management, and thereby defeating the malicious corporate spies. This theoretical thesis aims to consolidate various sources of research literature in order to approach targeted threats from a human risk management perspective. The literature review incorporates research from various fields, such as cyber security, information risk management, corporate espionage, insider threat, and social engineering. The objective of the thesis is to merge these fields together, and identify the most suitable risk management controls against corporate espionage activities. Corporate espionage activities often include exfiltrating valuable data via Internet and information technology. Hence, the espionage activities are occurring in a challenging risk environment, which is introduced in this thesis. A large part of this thesis focuses on the assessment of insider and outsider threats. These threat actors are analyzed and evaluated thoroughly, focusing on the motivation and opportunity of the perpetrators. The two main attack methods are social engineering and malicious insider activity. These attack methods are extremely dangerous to companies of all size, and risk management literature has largely ignored the subject. The legal ramifications to the problems are inadequate as well, since corporate espionage attacks often emanate from states with weaker legislation towards Internet crimes. However, companies can brace themselves against malicious insider activity and social engineering with careful assessment and risk management decisions. The research literature supports the view that the most effective ways to mitigate risks of corporate espionage is to control the awareness and behavior of organization's employees. The corporate espionage risks will not subside by themselves; hence, organizations must reinforce their policies and data management procedures. Table
  of
  Contents 1
  INTRODUCTION
  ...............................................................................................................
  1 1.1
  Background
  &
  Prior
  Research
  ................................................................................................................................
  1 1.2
  Research
  Objectives
  &
  Scope
  of
  the
  Research
  .................................................................................................
  3 1.3
  Methodology
  ..................................................................................................................................................................
  5 1.4
  Structure
  &
  Framework
  of
  the
  Research
  ...........................................................................................................
  6 1.5
  Key
  Definitions
  ..............................................................................................................................................................
  8 2
  CORPORATE
  ESPIONAGE
  AS
  AN
  INFORMATION
  RISK
  .......................................................
  9 2.1
  Cyber
  Environment
  .....................................................................................................................................................
  9 2.1.1
  Cyber
  Security
  .............................................................................................................................................................
  9 2.1.2
  Laws
  of
  Cyber
  World
  .............................................................................................................................................
  12 2.2
  Information
  Risks
  .....................................................................................................................................................
  13 2.2.1
  Threats
  to
  Information
  Security
  ......................................................................................................................
  14 2.2.2
  Information
  Security
  Vulnerabilities
  .............................................................................................................
  15 2.3
  Corporate
  Espionage
  ...............................................................................................................................................
  17 2.3.1
  Trade
  Secrets
  ...........................................................................................................................................................
  18 2.3.2
  Legality
  Issues
  ..........................................................................................................................................................
  19 2.3.3
  History
  &
  Development
  of
  Corporate
  Espionage
  ......................................................................................
  20 2.3.4
  Actors,
  Targets
  &
  Motivation
  ............................................................................................................................
  22 2.3.5
  Cyber
  Espionage
  .....................................................................................................................................................
  24 2.3.6
  Legal
  Ramifications
  &
  Prosecution
  ................................................................................................................
  25 2.3.7
  International
  Law
  ..................................................................................................................................................
  27 3
  TARGETED
  TRADE
  SECRET
  THREATS
  ..............................................................................
  29 3.1
  Outsider
  Threat
  .........................................................................................................................................................
  29 3.1.1
  Advanced
  Persistent
  Threat
  (APT)
  .................................................................................................................
  30 3.1.2
  APT
  Attack
  Types
  ...................................................................................................................................................
  32 3.1.3
  APT
  Attack
  Process
  ................................................................................................................................................
  33 3.1.4
  APT
  Targets
  ..............................................................................................................................................................
  36 3.2
  Social
  Engineering
  ....................................................................................................................................................
  37 3.2.1
  Social
  Psychology
  ...................................................................................................................................................
  38 3.2.2
  Security
  Tradeoffs
  ..................................................................................................................................................
  42 3.2.3
  Typical
  Social
  Engineering
  Attacks
  ................................................................................................................
  43 3.2.4
  Information
  Gathering
  &
  Pretexting
  .............................................................................................................
  44 3.2.5
  Elicitation
  ..................................................................................................................................................................
  45 3.3
  Insider
  Threat
  .............................................................................................................................................................
  46 3.3.1
  Types
  of
  Insiders
  .....................................................................................................................................................
  47 3.3.2
  Insider
  Opportunity
  ...............................................................................................................................................
  48 3.3.3
  Motivation
  of
  Insiders
  ..........................................................................................................................................
  50 3.3.4
  Peculiarities
  of
  Insider
  Attacks
  ........................................................................................................................
  51 3.3.5
  A
  Case
  of
  Insider
  Attack
  in
  Finland
  .............................................................................


One mission of medical informatics is to provide physicians, nurses, and other health care providers with the technology and tools for interpreting large and diverse data sets, so that appropriate critical care decisions can be facilitated. Ideally, medical data visualization provides the means to transform data into information and contextual knowledge suitable for interpretation and decision-making by Van Bemmel and Musen (1997) and Coiera (1997). The authors propose a model through which data is organized into multivariate multidimensional critical care patient data visualizations (CPDV). It does this as the primary means to represent and manage complex context-based patient data at various user-defined temporal resolutions. Furthermore, user-defined spatial organization of multiple (clinically related) datasets allows rapid visualization of significant trends that are related to several co-variables. Currently, anticipated findings from usability testing support the notion that the proposed model will facilitate medical decision making in a critical care environment


ObjectiveTo establish the incidence of herpes simplex virus (HSV) ulceration in relation to CD4+ cell counts in HIV-infected patients. DesignSwabs were taken from all ulcerated lesions in HIV-infected patients and cultured for HSV. CD4+ cell counts were performed at regular intervals. SettingThe HIV unit at a London teaching hospital (the Royal Free Hospital, London, UK). PatientsAll HIV-infected patients (n = 500) attending the HIV unit. ResultsTwo hundred and twenty-three swabs were obtained from 118 patients; 83 (37.2%) swabs from 62 (52.5%) patients were positive for HSV. Of 96 swabs taken from patients with CD4+ cell counts <50 $$ 106/I, 56 (58.3%) were positive for HSV, compared with 27 of 127 (21.2%) swabs from patients with higher CD4+ cell counts (P< 0.0001). Of patients with CD4+ cell counts <:50 $$ 106/I, 37 of 47 (78.7%) had positive cultures compared with 25 of 71 (35.2%) of patients with higher counts (P< 0.0001). This trend was observed with swabs from all body sites; sufficient samples were available from oral and perianal lesions to demonstrate statistical significance (P<0.0001 and P = 0.007, respectively). ConclusionsThese results show a sharp rise in the incidence of HSV with CD4 + cell counts <50 $$ 106/I and thus provide important data for the design of studies of anti-HSV prophylaxis. Furthermore, since nearly 60% of all ulcers in patients with such low CD4+ counts are HSV-positive, we suggest appropriate empirical therapy on presentation.


Dealing with Alcohol: Indigenous Usage in Australia, New Zealand and Canada. Sherry Saggers and Dennis Gray. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998. vi + 240 pp., tables, bibliography, index.


Review on VAV1 (vav 1 oncogene), with data on DNA, on the protein encoded, and where the gene is implicated.