This paper proposes a systematic fuzzy model (SFM) to control of general system. SFM model is parted to multiple parts such as: a single parameter in formulation of reasoning; a linear relationship between input and output as a result; the use of evolutionary programming for the selection of the appropriate system parameters and a fuzzy clustering algorithm. Unlike traditional methods of inference mechanism to select a priori reasoning mechanism; SFM model can adjust its parameters using evolutionary programming. To vary the degrees of linear functions of the fuzzy rules, a set of equations describes the system's input and output locally. Thus, this model can take advantage of the properties of linear systems. Fuzzy rules, the fuzzy c- means clustering algorithm and proper selection of the cluster centers by using evolutionary algorithm have been investigated. Finally, this system has been tested and validated on both controlled robot arm joint.


Magnetohydrodynamic pressure drops are one of the main issues for liquid metal blanket in fusion reactors. Minimize the fluid velocity at few millimeters per second is one strategy that can be employed to address the problem. For such low velocities, buoyant forces can effectively contribute to drive the flow and therefore must be considered in the blanket design. In order to do so, a CFD code able to represent magneto-convective phenomena is required. This work aims to gauge the capability of ANSYS© CFX-15 to solve such cases. The laminar flow in a differentially heated duct was selected as validation benchmark. A horizontal and uniform magnetic field was imposed over a square duct with a linear and constant temperature gradient perpendicular to the field. The fully developed flow was analyzed for Gr = 105 and Hartmann number (M) ranging from 102 to 103. Both insulating and conducting duct walls were considered. Strong dampening of the flow in the center of the duct was observed, whereas high velocity jets appeared close to the walls parallel to the magnetic field. The numerical results were validated against theoretical and numerical results founding an excellent agreement.


The effects of reaction time,reaction temperature,amount and reused times of the catalyst as well as the isolation method of transesterification products on transesterification of γ-butyrolactone with methanol were investigated systematically.The optimal reaction conditions of above reaction and good isolated yield(reacting at 28°C for 10h with γ-butyrolactone to methanol to Amberlyst-15 of 0.9∶12.5∶12.5(V/V/m),yield:77%)were obtained.In the same time the transesterification of γ-butyrolactone with six other alcohols was also studied and the results indicated that Amberlyst-15 ion exchange resin still exhibit moderate catalytic activity(mass percent of products:50%~60%),but the performance of the catalyst get deterioration with increase of the volume of alcohols.


The proposal of this paper is to share the knowledge learned in this new procedure and techniques implemented in HP/HT Unconventional wells, created by the Unconventional (UC) Drilling Department at Abu Dhabi which involve around ten different services, where each has a high importance and contribution for the collective success of the well at the moment to frac and hence the feasibility of the project.
 In order to assure the integrity and accessibility of the Frac String during Plug and Perf hydraulic fracturing operations of one of the toughest rock in Unconventional business worldwide, one procedure has been developed for running operations best practices. Pressure testing the Frac String (FS) during running in hole in stages while in vertical section to sure safe and successful Wireline setting and retrieving nipples plug with more than 30% solids in the system (high mud weight) to guarantee no leak in the string prior reaching total depth (TD). Hanging and testing cross over (XO), assuring compatibility with the wellhead connections. Cementing up to18.7 ppg. Flexible and expandable slurries, cement inside previous casing and apply pressure on surface to avoid gas percolation during the cement setting period. Cleaning out with Coiled tubing (CT) to ensure no obstruction and using different completion fluids for future accessibility. And finally, Pressure testing the Frac string up to 14ksi all are new practices and proven mitigation measures for all assessed risks for hydraulic fracturing operations.
 This paper is about sharing this new procedure in Abu Dhabi for having a cemented FS in UC wells High Pressure / High Temperature (HP/HT) with 100% integrity and internal accessibility to run plugs, perforations, logs and be able to apply high surface pressure to frac the tight reservoir in the planned zone, creating the desired permeability for future production.


The invention relates to a preparation method of a graphene-ternary composite positive electrode material for a lithium ion battery. The chemical formula of the graphene-ternary composite positive electrode material for the lithium ion battery is LiMn1-x-yNixCoyO2, wherein x is equal to 0.33-0.40 and y is equal to 0.15-0.2. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) preparing monocrystal cobaltosic oxide; (2) sintering to prepare a single crystal LiMn1-x-yNixCoyO2; and (3) preparing a graphene dispersion solution; and then adding the single crystal LiMn1-x-yNixCoyO2 into the graphene dispersion solution to prepare to obtain the product graphene-ternary composite positive electrode material. The graphene-ternary composite positive electrode material prepared by the invention takes high-purity and high-density cobaltosic oxide which is prepared by a wet method as one main raw material and utilizes a solid-phase high-temperature method to prepare the ternary composite material with high energy density; then circulation stability of the material is improved by using graphene.


The invention discloses an isolating device for maintaining and isolating a disconnecting link. The isolating device comprises a first insulation baffle, a second insulation baffle and a locking device, wherein the first insulation baffle is used for isolating a cross arm and the disconnecting link, and used for isolating a contact of the cross arm and a contact of the disconnecting link, the first insulation baffle comprises a first china bottle clamping groove used for clamping a first china bottle, and a second china bottle clamping groove used for clamping a second china bottle, the first china bottle clamping groove and the second china bottle clamping groove are arranged in a parallel mode, and the opening direction of the first china bottle clamping groove and the opening direction of the second china bottle clamping groove are the same. The second insulation baffle is in rotatable connection with the first insulation baffle, used for isolating the disconnecting link and the contact of the disconnecting link, and arranged between the first china bottle clamping groove and the second china bottle clamping groove. The locking device is arranged on the surface of the first insulation baffle, and used for closing or opening an opening of the first china bottle clamping groove and an opening of the second china bottle clamping groove. The isolating device is easy to operate, low in cost, safe and reliable.


Within this thesis, a novel orange-emitting lithium oxonitridosilicate oxide was obtained experimentally and characterized. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations were performed in order to further characterize different nitride materials, with respect to their material properties of interest. Those charaterizations comprise structural phase transitions under elevated pressure, as well as the calculation of thermodynamic stabilities and their mechanical and electronic properties.


Abstract Large-scale data recovery at eight Lower Walnut focus sites yielded a large and rich data base, including glass beads, a piece of lead, obsidian, marine shell, Southwestern ceramics, and cultural turquoise (i.e., chemical turquoise, azurite, chrysocolla, and malachite). The aboriginal artifacts may have entered the sites through the hands of intermediate hunting-foraging societies or through direct contact between Lower Walnut focus-Wichita peoples and the Puebloan societies of the Rio Grande valley. Exotic materials may have functioned as status symbols. The artifacts show that the Lower Walnut focus was part of an exchange system ultimately integrating the southern Plains with the Southwest, Great Basin, and California. A few glass beads and a piece of lead, indicative of historic components at some sites, are evidence of direct or indirect contact with European populations.


(57) Abstract: The connector for a respiratory mask (100), or, respirators and supply conduit having a gas outlet ventilation passage (32,110) (31) (10). The inlet of the passage, or are adjacent to the mask shell (102) in the interior in fluid communication with the mask (100), or forms part of the mask shell, one of the outlets (40, 118) are in communication with outside air fluid communication. Inner surface of the outlet forms a surface smoothly extending with adjacent outer surfaces of the mask (100) or a connector (10), the effluent gas above, respectively, substantially longitudinal axis of the mask inlet (106) parallel to, and either directs away from the mask inlet (106), or substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the aforementioned supply conduit (31), and, the supply conduit end (30) directing to the direction toward the.


The pyrolysis of sewage sludge is an alternative method to recycle the contained nutrients, such as phosphorus, by material use of the resulting biochar. However, the ecological effects of pyrolysis are not easy to evaluate. Therefore, a life cycle assessment (LCA) was carried out to determine the environmental impact of sewage sludge pyrolysis and to compare it with the common method of sewage sludge incineration. In order to identify the most sustainable applications of the resulting biochar, four different scenarios were analyzed. The modeled life cycles include dewatering, drying and pyrolysis of digested sewage sludge and utilization paths of the by-products as well as various applications of the produced biochar and associated transports. The life cycle impact assessment was carried out using the ReCiPe midpoint method. The best scenario in terms of global warming potential (GWP) was the use of biochar in horticulture with net emissions of 2 g CO2 eq./kg sewage sludge. This scenario of biochar utilization can achieve savings of 78% of CO2 eq. emissions compared to the benchmark process of sewage sludge mono-incineration. In addition, no ecological hotspots in critical categories such as eutrophication or ecotoxicity were identified for the material use of biochar compared to the benchmark. Pyrolysis of digested sewage sludge with appropriate biochar utilization can therefore be an environmentally friendly option for both sequestering carbon and closing the nutrient cycle.


A control system has been designed and implemented to provide more effective energy management of low-pressure gas distribution networks. The key to this is the provision of a control scheme that maintains low pressures across a network. The work was approached from first principles and a modelling technique has been developed which provides reduced order models that adequately describe the characteristics of multi-feed gas networks. The models were then used for the control system design, which in this case also included the selection of the optimal measurement points for most effective control. Following extensive design studies a relatively straightforward control scheme resulted which has been implemented and proved to be effective.


In books 46–49 of the Collectiones medicae, Oribasius collects a remarkable number of text excerpts, varying in size, from Galen's commentaries on Hippocrates' surgical treatises (In the surgery, On fractures, and On joints). Besides being a witness of indirect tradition for the surviving Greek text of the commentaries, these excerpts offer good overall specimens of Oribasius' writing method. The paper analyzes some significant examples, in order to highlight Oribasius' compilatory technique and the strategies he adopted to overcome the difficulties in building a continuous text moving from a non-continuous one.


Academic circles have had different attitudes toward 揌e Qifang phenomenon?since it was put forward.. It has been a kind of objective reality as an academic conception. The article tries to restore the phenomenon through the poet抯 deep psychological mechanism of creation and gives it an objective evaluation as possible.


In this study,a novel obstacle-striding car is developed for traveling convenience of the leg-paralytic or arm-maimed elder and disabled.Based on market surveying of the disabled,a generic design platform is proposed.In particular,the optimal design option is obtained using MatlabTM in terms of an obstacle-striding mechanism.By applying the pendulum-arm mechanism,the wheel-track-interacted driving is eventually realized for this purpose.


BACKGROUND
Lab-on-a-chip systems (LOCs) are a useful aid for the individualization of therapeutic algorithms at the point-of-care.

MATERIALS & METHODS
We performed a systematic literature review on LOCs for diseases with a global impact for healthcare.

RESULTS
A total of 1007 articles matched the previously specified search criteria, thereof 65 studies could be included in this review. A total of 55 different LOCs were evaluated, most for diagnosis or monitoring of cancer (n = 24). For other diseases we found considerably less analyzed LOCs. The analytical performance of the LOCs was usually very good, 37 (67%) LOCs had a sensitivity higher than 90%.

CONCLUSION
Although LOC systems performance has been positively evaluated in the great majority of studies, the testing was mostly limited to the research laboratory setting rather than real-world scenarios.


Algorithmic paradigms such as divide-and-conquer (D&C) are proposed to guide the design of efficient algorithms, but applying them to optimize existing programs is difficult. Therefore, many research efforts have been devoted to the automatic application of algorithmic paradigms. However, most existing approaches to this problem are based on deductive methods and thus put significant restrictions on how the original program is implemented. To overcome this limitation, we study the automatic application of paradigms as an oracle-guided inductive synthesis problem, where the synthesizer only invokes the original program as a black-box oracle or uses a given verifier to verify the correctness of candidate programs. Such a synthesizer puts no restriction on the original program and thus overcomes the limitation of deductive approaches. We notice that the application tasks of various paradigms have a similar form as that of D&C. We denote these paradigms as D&C-like paradigms, unify their application tasks into a novel type of synthesis problems, named lifting problems, and propose an efficient inductive synthesizer AutoLifter for lifting problems. The main challenge of solving lifting problems is from the usually large scale of efficient algorithms. To overcome this challenge, we divide and conquer lifting problems. We devise two novel decomposition methods, component elimination and variable elimination, to soundly divide a lifting problem into simpler subtasks, each tractable with existing inductive synthesizers. We evaluate AutoLifter on 96 programming tasks related to 6 different algorithmic paradigms. AutoLifter solves 82/96 tasks with an average time cost of 6.53 seconds, significantly outperforming existing approaches.


Background: Despite early evidence touting the effectiveness of physician-provided oral health services (POHS), recent evidence suggests these services might have little impact on caries-related outcomes in children. General anesthesia (GA) is often used to treat early childhood caries and may be considered the most extreme utilization outcome. We sought to assess the impact of POHS utilization on dental GA utilization and expenditures. Methods: We used the Medicaid claims of a birth cohort of children born in 2008 in North Carolina (N = 32,558) to determine the impact of POHS on dental utilization and expenditures under GA for individual children. Children were followed until their eighth birthday. We analyzed the association of the number of prior POHS visits with visit-specific outcomes of dental treatment under GA using population-averaged models fit with generalized estimating equations with exchangeable working correlation structure. Results: Children with 2 or more previous POHS visits had reduced odds of GA (odds ratio [OR] = 0.93; confidence interval [CI], 0.87–0.99; P = 0.029) and expenditures ($114; CI,−$152.61 to −$75.19; P < 0.001) compared to those without physician-provided oral health visits, adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and geographic residence. Dental expenditures did not differ between POHS and non-POHS subjects at non-GA visits. Conclusions: POHS decreased the odds of having dental GA treatment and dental expenditures at GA visits. The role of physicians in oral health care can reduce the impact on the most severe outcome—treatment under general anesthesia. Knowledge Transfer Statement: The results of this study have important financial implications for state Medicaid programs and disease management programs trying to mitigate the costs of treating early childhood caries under general anesthesia. Children who receive physician oral health care are less likely to use and more likely to save money on general anesthesia to complete dental treatment.


The present invention relates to glucose production, and is one whole membrane method of producing high purity crystalline glucose in relatively low cost. The method includes the following steps: liquefying starch to obtain starch liquid with DE value of 14-25 %; cooling and adding compound amylase to enzymolyze into glucose liquid; microfiltering to obtain dialysate and filter residue; drying the filter residue to produce feed; ultrafiltering the dialysate to obtain ultrafiltrate and ultrafiltered concentrated liquid; nanofiltering the ultrafiltrate to obtain nanofiltrate and nanofiltered concentrated liquid; concentrating the nanofiltrate to obtain concentrated glucose liquid; and spray drying to obtain crystalline glucose product. The nanofiltrate has DX value higher than 99.5 % and the method has no crystallization step and 10 % raised glucose yield. The method can recover starch and polysaccharide and is environment friendly.


In this work, Ag micro-particles content in the range between 0-4.0 wt.% with Sn-Zn eutectic system, were examined in order to understand the effect of Ag addition on the microstructural and mechanical properties as well as the thermal behavior of the composite solders. The shear strengths and the interfacial reactions of Sn-Zn micro-composite eutectic solders with Au/Ni/Cu ball grid array (BGA) pad metallization were systematically investigated. The three distinct intermetallic compound (IMC) layers were formed at the solder interface of the Au/electrolytic Ni/Cu bond pad with Sn-Zn composite alloys. The more Ag particles added to the Sn-Zn solder, the more Ag-Zn compound formed to thicken the uppermost IMC layer. The dissoluted Ag-Zn IMCs formed in the bulk solder redeposited over the initially formed interfacial Au-Zn IMC layer, prevented the whole IMC layer lift-off from the pad surface. Cross-sectional studies of the interfaces were also conducted to correlate with the fracture surfaces.


The emergence and contestation of theory groups is a fascinating topic at the heart of the philosophy of science. In "Conflict, Incommensurability, and Theory Groups: A Longitudinal Investigation of Citations in the OrganizationEnvironment Literature," David Roelfs develops a compelling article that explores how conflict among theory groups impacts theory group development and trajectory. David's findings are certain to generate much thought, discussion, and debate.


Hydrogen-assisted molecular beam epitxy of ZnO on Zn-polar ZnO is achieved using atomic hydrogen. Exposure of atomic H helps to grow high-quality ZnO layers on Zn-polar ZnO substrates even at a low temperature of 400 °C. The full width at half maximum values of X-ray rocking curves for ZnO epilayers are as narrow as 64 arcsec and 60 arcsec for (0002) and (10-11) diffractions. (© 2007 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


In many applications,  in systems that are governed by a linear hyperbolic partial differential equations some of the  problem parameters are uncertain. If  information about the probability distribution of the parametric uncertainty   distribution is available, the uncertain state of the system  can be described using an intrinsic formulation through a polynomial  chaos expansion.
 This allows to  obtain solutions for  optimal boundary control problems with random parameters.
We show that similar to the deterministic  case,  a turnpike result holds in the sense that for large time horizons the optimal states for dynamic optimal control problems on a substantial part of the time interval approach the optimal states for the  corresponding uncertain static optimal control problem. We show integral turnpike results both for the full uncertain system as well as for a generalized polynomial chaos approximation.


Author's Summary.— Survey and basic literary courses dealing with seventeenth-century France frequently need new vitality. Some devices that have helped. Brain appeal should be supplemented by methods of proven pedagogical value.


The present invention discloses a method and system for realizing the CSFB circuit domain service request may be initiated by a LTE network control terminal, and the terminal is triggered to redirect the specified global system for mobile communications network; FM terminal to the specified global system for mobile communications network, and the establishment of circuit services in the global system for mobile communications network. The method and system of the present invention, it is possible to ensure that the terminal falls back to a third generation communication system or a circuit domain service in a global system for mobile communications network; similarly, the present invention achieves technical back a detection circuit domain, to ensure that terminals fall back to the same a circuit domain service in a third generation communication system or a global system for mobile communications network.


Flavors are often among the foremost valuable ingredients in any food formula. Development of latest functional foods requires technologies for incorporating health promoting ingredients into food. One must remember that the functionality or bioavailability of the incorporated food must not reduce. The flavor industry is active in developing new encapsulation techniques that provide flavor release under specific conditions, adding valuable flavor impact. Microencapsulation technology allows a compound to be encapsulated inside any tiny sphere known as microsphere or microcapsule. Encapsulation describes different processes to hide a lively compound within a protective wall material and it is often applied to treat flavors so to impart a point of protection against evaporation, reaction or migration during a food. Encapsulation of flavors has been attempted and commercialized using different methods. This review gives detail information about the methods and the general aspects of microencapsulation of flavors and its applications. Recent developments in each of these techniques are discussed in this review. A timely and targeted release improves this technique. Microencapsulation is no more just an added-value technique, but the source of totally new ingredients with matchless properties.


The paper evaluates a capitation-financed system of mental health services delivery developed in Rochester, New York. Cost/benefit analysis of the treatment program is implemented on three years of data using program evaluation techniques. Patient outcomes are compared across randomly assigned study groups as well as across enrollment status. The analysis implements difference-in-difference econometric techniques recently developed in the labor economics literature to control for potentially non-random attrition as well as selective non-compliance. We find that patients enrolled in the capitation program do experience significantly lower costs without becoming sicker, even after controlling for attrition and sample selection.


In space-charge-limited trio des the fluctuátions in the number of electrons that have sufficient energy to pass the potential minimum give rise, byelectric induction, to a noise current flowingto the grid; the fluctuations in the number of the electrons returning in front of the potential minimum "give rise, byelectric induction, to a noise current flowingn-omcathode to grid.The first noise current is generally called "induced grid noise" and the latter "total-emission noise". Measurements. are given -of the noise resonance curve of the input circuit of pentodes at 7'25 m wavelength. It is shown that the asymmetry of the noise resonance curve of the input circuit of pentodes at u.h.f. is due to the phase relation between the induced grid noise and the normal shot-effect noise. Further, it is shown that for diodes in the cut-off region at 7-25 m wavelength the total-emission noise may be described by assuming that the equivalent noise temperature of the "total-emission conductance" is equal to the cathode temperature.


Gender is at the center of wide range of policy debates in many parts of the world, pointing to the need for analytical tools with a gender dimension. Drawing on the emerging literature of gendered computable general equilibrium (CGE) analysis, this paper takes a first step toward an analysis some of the gender-related challenges faced by aging high-income economies in East Asia (like Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan) in relation to care (of young and elderly) and time use. Its more specific purpose is to develop and test a prototype CGE model, accompanied by a stylized East Asian high-income country database. The model is designed for analysis of care policy with a focus on the expansion of care services for young and elderly, which may be provided by government and private services, and the distributional consequences this may have in terms of household wellbeing, inequality, and the incomes, employment, and time use for males and females. Compared to standard economic analysis, the model and the database is extended beyond GDP to cover leisure and household production of care and other services.

In outline, the paper consists of a literature review (Section 2), a presentation of the model and its database with a focus on the extensions to a standard CGE model that are introduced to address the care economy and time use (Section 3), presentation and analysis of simulations (Section 4), and conclusions (Section 5). The paper appendices present additional simulation results


An evaluation of the sewer and rainwater systems, the same ones that currently discharge from the University of Guayaquil's main network, was carried out. These networks have previously exceeded their operational capacity, causing flooding in the rainy season. In addition, the drinking water supply system was evaluated. The evaluation identified interconnection problems between the rainwater and sewage networks. This research proposes improvements to the sewage systems with the design of new networks: to identify the flow of rainwater and sewers, avoid contamination of wastewater and minimize the impact of rainy season flooding. Installed capacity is currently insufficient, because the university population grew exponentially. The existing drinking water reservoirs made of asbestos cement are in bad condition; the pipes and accessories of the supply networks are corroded, as galvanized iron was used for their construction (materials widely used at that time). We established new potable water conduction networks, new sanitary units for the university's Faculty of Math and Physical Sciences building, and made the reconditioned sewage and rainwater networks work separately.


The implementation of statistical process control coupled with a failure mode evaluation analysis had failed to produce feature sizes consistently on the target of 5 micrometers . The process was in control but was not capable of delivering product consistently within specification. A Taguchi-type experiment was organized to maximize the process output. Several experiments were conducted varying just one factor at a time. This procedure identified (a) potential nonlinear response factors and (b) appropriate levels for the Taguchi experiment. Six important factors and one potential interaction (exposure and develop time) were identified. The L8 design of Taguchi's arrays was used and each experiment was repeated at both high and low humidities and different ambient temperatures. Significant factors and their appropriate levels were identified and the predicted response was 4.956 micrometers . The confirmatory runs averaged 5.005 microns.


Modern based agricultural technology that results in higher production should also have the ability to reduce the negative environmental impact and augment the sustainability of the system. Use of bio-stimulants like seaweed extracts, the marine bioactive substances extracted from marine algae has great future in agricultural and horticultural crops production compared to conventional mineral fertilizers. Seaweed is amply rich in carbohydrates; which is good food source of many beneficial micro-organisms and unlike conventional forms of fertilizers, being a wealthy source of natural plant hormones viz. auxins, gibberellins, endogenous cytokinins etc; betaines and other growth-promoting substances. Being rich source of micro and almost all micronutrients in fully chelated form, seaweed fertilizers are especially useful in organic farming. All these are found in fresh seaweed or dried seaweed meal as well as liquid seaweed extracts. Seaweeds saps extracted from Kappaphycus and Gracilaria promises superior crop growth, yield and quality of many agricultural crops.


Three patients with severe acne vulgaris, not responding with long courses of doxycycline, minocycline and erythromycin were given oral clarithromycin in pulsed regimen. The patients were given 7 days course of clarithromycin 250mg twice daily, which was repeated after a gap of 10 days. Such 3 courses were given. The lesions responded significantly. No significant side effect was noted. Pulse clarithromycin therapy seems to be a good alternative and effective tool in the management of severe acne vulgaris.


In vitro culture systems are important in the field of plant biotechnology. It has been observed that some factors, including light, affect tissue development under in vitro culture conditions. The objective of this work is to know the effect of light intensity on the development of tissues from seeds under in vitro culture conditions for the generation of seedlings and calluses, in order to favor the times and the regeneration of species of agronomic interest for their comprehensive use. In this work, different light intensities were tested, it was possible to obtain seedlings with calluses, demonstrating that the intensity of light influences the type and development of dedifferentiated structures and that this effect varies inter and intraspecies. By regenerating plant tissues from seedlings, it was found that apical meristem shoots are the most efficient type of explant for clonal regeneration of tobacco and tomato plants. This study is the first to present the effect of light intensity on seeds for the production of seedlings and calluses in different plant species, including a combination of different tissues and explants that could be used to obtain different plant structures for biotechnological purposes.


Anomaly detection has become one of the crucial tasks in hyperspectral images processing. However, most deep learning-based anomaly detection methods often suffer from the incapability of utilizing spatial–spectral information, which decreases the detection accuracy. To address this problem, we propose a novel hyperspectral anomaly detection method with a spatial–spectral dual-window mask transformer, termed as S2DWMTrans, which can fully extract features from global and local perspectives, and suppress the reconstruction of anomaly targets adaptively. Specifically, the dual-window mask transformer aggregates background information of the entire image from a global perspective to neutralize anomalies, and uses neighboring pixels in a dual-window to suppress anomaly reconstruction. An adaptive-weighted loss function is designed to further suppress anomaly reconstruction adaptively during network training process. According to our investigation, this is the first work to apply transformer to hyperspectral anomaly detection. Comparative experiments and ablation studies demonstrate that the proposed S2DWMTrans achieves competitive performance.


An emergency call method and an emergency call device provided by the embodiment of the invention relate to the technical field of sensing. The possibility of error call can be reduced, and the convenience and effectiveness of emergency call can be improved. The method comprises the following steps: an emergency call terminal acquires physiological index data of a user and analyzes the physiological index data of the user; the emergency call terminal warns the user if the physiological index data of the user reaches an alarm trigger condition; and the emergency call terminal sends the physiological index data of the user and pre-configured user identity information to a center end if the user does not respond to the warning in a first predetermined time. The emergency call method and the emergency call device provided by the embodiment of the invention are applied to emergency call.


ABSTRACT The structure and phase composition of the bond interface of aluminium–copper lap welds produced by friction stir welding and tool-assisted friction welding were analysed. Microstructural analysis proved that no through-interface material flow took place in tool-assisted friction welding and that aluminium–copper joining resulted from the formation of a thin and continuous intermetallic layer at the lap interface. For the welds produced by friction stir welding, evidences of through-interface material flow were found, promoting mechanical interlocking of both base materials, at the lap interface, and formation of discontinuous intermetallic layers. Mechanical testing showed that the tool-assisted friction welds, with excellent surface finishing, had low strength, contrary to the friction stir welds, which displayed excellent bond strength. The comparison of the mechanical and microstructural results, for both weld types, pointed to the ineffectiveness of the continuous intermetallic layer in providing high strength bonding.


The geochemistry of the water percolated inside the aquifer is controlled by the availability of major and minor inorganic constituents in the soil and rock through which the groundwater passes. In a Hard rock terrain like Omalur horizontal permeability is unequal to vertical permeability. Hence the time of travel and residence differ, which is responsible for the major changes in the water chemistry. The chemical concentration of different ions present in the groundwater of the study area. A total of 17 samples were collected and analyzed for major cations and anions. The analytical precision for the measurement of major ions is about ±6% to ±9%. The total cations (TZ+) and total anions (TZ") balance (Allan Freeze and Cherry 1979) shows the charge balance error (E %) percentage. The error percentage is between ±2% to ±10%. The correlation coefficient between TZ+ and TZ~ is generally occurring around 0.6 to 0.9. TDS/EC ratio ranges from 0.5 to 0.8. The role played by the other ions than those studied here for the cation and anion charge balance is lesser. Hence the composition and the range values of the ions are analysed and discussed in detail. The groundwater in the study area is colorless and odorless in most of the places.


It is to supply the scientific support and theoretical basis for the party being for evev in power,we have to form the new system of the theory of constructuon of the party in power guided by the thought of the three representatives and considering the experience of the party construction.


Oral squamous cell carcinoma and verrucous carcinoma are the most common malignant neoplasms of the oral mucosa. The prevalence of these malignancies is quite high in the northern states of India possibly due to tobacco chewing in the form of pan, gutkha, zardar etc. Despite its frequency and multitudes of treatment modalities, the mortality is still on the higher side because of increased rates of early distant metastasis. HPV is also uncommon etiological agent in oral carcinoma and it is more closely related to oropharyngeal cancers than oral cancers, possibly in those areas where two epithelium intersects and basal cells are more exposed. This study relates oral squamous cell carcinoma and verrucous carcinoma with various clinical parameters like age, gender, size of tumor, site of tumor and differentiation of the tumor.


Quantitative assessment of the quality of scientific activity occupies a significant place in the implementation of innovative developments. As part of the study, the authors proposed a method of expert quantitative evaluation of the quality of dissertations of doctors of philosophy on the example of the specialty Geodesy and Land Management, which proposes to determine the properties of the dissertation, develop an evaluation scale, quantify each property and calculate an integrated indicator, based on which the conclusion of the dissertation. Modern mobile computing tools allow you to create a mobile application for gadgets of experts, members of specialized scientific councils, and in real time (in the process of conducting a professional seminar and defending a dissertation) to quantify the quality of the dissertation. Gadgets of two reviewers, two opponents, the chairman of the specialized scientific council, and the scientific secretary are elements of the generalized scheme of collecting and integrating expert assessments on the quality of the dissertation performed for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. The gadget of the scientific secretary is a server and is endowed with functions of transfer of information on an estimation on system of support of educational processes of department on which special page the corresponding estimations of quality of dissertations can be placed. The proposed letter assessing the quality of the dissertation consists of three parts: the first is information about the expert, the second is a system of sign-numerical scales that allow in the usual form for research and teaching staff to assess individual features of the dissertation, the third may contain specific proposals of the expert. A generalized scheme for collecting and integrating expert assessments in real time using mobile technologies has also been developed. An example of approbation of the proposed method is given. The boundaries of productive and unproductive intervals of the sign-numerical scale are considered. The proposed method meets modern requirements for digitalization. It allows you to determine in real time a quantitative indicator of the quality of research conducted by the applicant, which in turn ranks dissertations and makes them attractive to investors, which will develop promising areas of research and accelerate scientific and technological progress. The given examples of realization of a method based on theories close to human psychology – the theory of usefulness, the psychological theory of decision-making, and also wide experience of estimation of dissertation will allow to make a certain contribution to experimental researches of the organization of dissertations for the degree of doctor of philosophy.


The author presents a brief historical background on the development of Ada and the APSE (Ada Programming Support Environment) concept and then focuses on the management activities of software development which will have an impact on software maintenance. She examines the technical development activities affecting maintenance. She discusses how Ada's contributions in the development process can affect subsequent maintenance, and the actual impact Ada should have on software maintenance activities is summarized.<<ETX>>


L ike other U.S. districts, our district, Smithtown School District in New York, has complied with the Children's Internet Protection Act that was passed in July 2001 and developed a code for the ethical and legal use of school computers. The act requires that schools and libraries that receive E-Rate subsidies implement filtering or blocking technology on all computers with Internet access. We have developed policies not only to limit students' access to inappropriate material but also to ensure the safety and security of the students who use e-mail, chat rooms, and other inappropriate forms of electronic communication. All students review Smithtown's Electronic Access Policy and Procedures and the district's computer mission statement, and copies are mailed home to parents. Students receive individual log-on passwords that enable our technology staff membersto monitor students' daily computer use. However, this policy only addresses school computers and we believe that it is our responsibility to take a proactive approach to address home use and avoid putting out the fires created by cyper-harassment.


Keighery, G.J. A new subspecies of Isotropis cuneifolia (Fabaceae), Nuytsia 13(3): 471—474 (2001). Isotropis cuneifolia subspecies glabra Keighery is described and illustrated. The subspecies is considered endangered, being confined to a small area around Gingin on the Swan Coastal Plain, Western Australia.


Retirement risk management must be dramatically overhauled if workers and retirees are to better prepare themselves to meet future retirement challenges. Recent economic events including the global financial crisis have upended expectations about what pension and endowment fund managers can do. Employers and employees have found it difficult to make pension contributions, despite drops in retirement plan funding. In many countries, government social security systems are also facing insolvency. These factors, coupled with an aging population and rising longevity, are giving rise to serious questions about the future of retirement in America and around the world. This volume explores how workers and firms can reassess the risks associated with retirement saving and dissaving, to identify creative adjustments to adapt to these new risks and realities. One area explored is the key role for financial literacy and education programs. In addition, those acting as plan sponsors and fiduciaries must reconsider pension design to help them better address the new realities. Also novel financial products are described that can help with the design of retirement plans. Experts provide new research and offer policy recommendations, illustrating how retirement plans can be amended to better meet the retirement needs of workers and firms. This volume is an important addition to the Pensions Research Council / Oxford Univeristy Press series and to the current debate on retirement security. Contributors to this volume - Steven G. Allen, Associate Dean for Graduate Programs and Research, the College of Management at NC State University John Ameriks, Vanguard Principal and Head of Vanguard's Investment Counseling and Research Group Igor Balevich, Director in the Pension Solutions Group, Barclays Capital Aaron Bernstein, Senior Research Fellow at the Labor and Worklife Program, Harvard Law School Robert L. Clark, Professor of Management, Innovation, and Entrepreneurship and Professor of Economics, North Carolina State University Craig Copeland, Senior Research Associate, the Employee Benefit Research Institute Joelle H.Y. Fong, doctoral candidate in the Department of Insurance and Risk Management, The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania Sterling Gunn, CPP Investment Board P. Brett Hammond, Managing Director and Chief Investment Strategist, TIAA-CREF Asset Management Michael Hess, Project Manager in the Investment Counseling and Research department , Vanguard Group R. Hall Kesmodel, Jr., Senior Manager at Ernst and Young, LLP Benedict S. K. Koh, Associate Professor of Finance and Director of the MSc in Applied Finance, the Singapore Management University Tracy Livingstone, Senior Advisor at the Investment Risk Management Group, the Canada Pension Plan Raimond Maurer, Chair of Investment, Portfolio Management, and Pension Finance, Finance Department, Goethe University of Frankfurt Olivia S. Mitchell, Executive Director of the Pension Research Council, Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania Melinda S. Morrill, Research Assistant Professor, the Department of Economics, North Carolina State University Lynn Pettus, Director for the Employee Financial Services practice, Ernst and Young, LLP Anna M. Rappaport, actuary, consultant, author, and speaker, Anna Rappaport Consulting Liqian Ren, Investment Analyst in the Investment Counseling and Research department,Vanguard Group David P. Richardson, Principal Research Fellow, the TIAA-CREF Institute Ralph Rogalla, Assistant Professor for Investments, Portfolio Management, and Pension Finance, the Goethe University of Frankfurt Damon Silvers, Associate General Counsel, the AFL-CIO John A. Turner, social security and pension policy consultant Jack VanDerhei, Research Director, the Employee Benefit Research Institute


Objective:Under the direction of faciology theory,we adopt stone needle therapy for adolescent pseudomyopia and observe their effects. Methods:106 pseudomyopia patients were divided vinto the therapeutic group and the control group randomly.There were 52 patients in the therapeutic group and 54 patients in the control group.Adopt the stone needle therapy and the acupuncture therapy respectively,and compare the effects of two groups. Result:The recovery rate of vision acuity of therapeutic group was superior to that in control group.The effective rate in therapeutic group was 96.15%,and the effective rate in control group was 87.03%.According to the statistics analysis,the comparison of two groups had a remarkable significance(P0.05). Conclusion:The stone needle therapy is an effective and safe treatment for adolescent pseudomyopia.


The study was conducted in the Wa Municipality to investigate the reasons why motorcycle do not comply with traffic control signals. Though traffic control signals exist to regulate the movement of motorists in the municipality, they are violated by motorists especially by motor and tricycle riders. It is therefore a worrisome phenomenon, thus becoming an increasing concern among the law enforcement agencies. This is particularly so due to the increasing motorization in the Municipality. Therefore, in finding reasons for this incidence, the study sought to achieve the following objectives; the causes of motorists' disobedience towards traffic control signals; the roles of road safety stakeholders in enforcing traffic control signals compliance and the challenges in enforcing traffic signal compliance. The study was informed by two theories namely; the Theory of Planned Behaviours (TPB) and Normative Social Influence Theory (NSIT). Also, the study was conducted using qualitative approaches to source, process and analyse data. As a result, the data was collected using Focus Group Discussions (FGD) approach to solicit information from both motor and tricycle riders. Interview Guides were additionally used to gather data from the heads of the stakeholder institutions and that of the various Tricycle Riders Associations concerned in this study. Subsequently, the data collected was analysed using thematic and Leximancer analysis approaches. However, the major findings from the study were that, traffic noncompliance by motorcycle riders is caused by the attitudes and behaviours of the motor riders though some of the respondents held a divergent view, with the popular saying that, "traffic do not catch natives" and that is why they violate road traffic signals, but upon further analysis, it came to light that, it is attitudinal.  Also, the study reveals that, there is little or no enforcement of road traffic signs or laws. Those who commit these acts are not arrested and punished by the law enforcement agencies.  Furthermore, it was interesting to find out that, most of the motorcycle riders, particularly the tricycle riders are ignorant about road traffic signs, and therefore the study recommends a proactive public education and sensitization on the awareness of traffic control signals as well as ensuring effective enforcement of the road traffic laws in the Municipality Key words: motorcycle, control signals, disobedience, controlled intersections, law enforcement DOI : 10.7176/RHSS/9-14-17 Publication date :July 31 st 2019


If A: R* -> R* is continuous and increasing then a meromorphic function fon Ck is said to be of finite A-type if there are positive constants s,A,B and R such that Tf(r,s)-¿AX(Br) for all r> R where T,(r,s) is the characteristic of/. It is shown that if A(Br)/A(r) is bounded for r sufficiently large and B>\, then every meromorphic function of finite A-type is the quotient of two entire functions of finite A-type. This theorem is the result of a careful and detailed analysis of the relation between the growth of a function and the growth of its divisors. The central fact developed in this connection is: A nonnegative divisor v on C with v(0) = 0 is the divisor of an entire function of finite A-type if and only if there are positive constants A, B and R such that NjX&r) S A\(Br), \\ I AHz)zá AX{Br)r-' + A\(Bs)s -p for all rgi> R, all unit vectors f in C, and all natural numbers p. Here k|£ represents the lifting of the divisor v to the plane via the map z>-^-z£ and JVV|¡ is the valence function of that divisor. Analogous facts for functions of zero A-type are also presented. Introduction. The purpose of this paper is to present a detailed description of a comprehensive theory of functions of finite A-type in several complex variables (as announced in Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. 75 (1969), 104-107) which extends the results of Rubel and Taylor in [5] for one variable and those of Stoll in [6] for functions of exponential type in several variables. One common motivation for all of these researches is the desire to extend a theorem proved by Lindelöf in 1905 (see [4]) which gives necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of an entire function on the plane with a prescribed set of zeros and given order and type. Specifically, §1 contains a discussion of divisors on Ck and the concept of the restriction of a divisor to the complex line through the origin and a vector in Ck ending with Proposition 1.5 which describes the behavior of a general class of Received by the editors December 1, 1970. AMS 1970 subject classifications. Primary 32A20; Secondary 42A16, 32F05.


The flagellar hair ultrastructure of 16 strains of species of the prasinophycean genera Mantoniella, Mamiella, Pseudoscourfieldia, Nephroselmis, Tetraselmis, Scherffelia, Pterosperma, and Pyraminonas was examined in detail by whole‐mount electron microscopy. The flagellar hairs of all genera displayed a high degree of ultrastructural complexity that was completely conserved within each strain. In all strains, flagellar hairs occurred on the sides of the flagella (lateral hairs); in several strains, special flagellar hairs also were found on the flagellar tips (tip hairs; absent in the Chlorodendrales and in Nephroselmis). Two groups of lateral hairs were distinguished: 1) T‐hairs ("Tetraselmis‐type" flagellar hairs), characterized by a smooth, tubular shaft of ca. 15 nm diameter and an overall length of 0.5–1.3 μm, and 2) Pt‐hairs ("Pterosperma‐type lateral flagellar hairs"), which were considerably longer (ca. 1.5–5.4 μm), characterized by a thick shaft of ca. 30 nm diameter, which was covered with a layer of regularly spaced small particles of ca. 10 nm diameter. In both groups of flagellar hairs, a strain‐specific number of subunits (1–101) in linear arrangement was attached to the distal end of the shaft. Tip hairs were either structurally related to T‐hairs (Mamiellales, Pseudoscourfieldia) or represented a separate group, Pt‐hairs ("Pterosperma‐type flagellar tip hairs"; Pterosperma, Pyramimonas). In four genera (Mantoniella, Mamiella, Pseudoscourfieldia, Nephroselmis), both groups of lateral hairs occurred together on the same cell. Interestingly in these taxa the Pt‐hairs were exclusively attached to the shorter immature flagella (no. 2), but, in contrast, in Mantoniella and Pseudoscourfieldia the tip hairs were restricted to the longer mature flagellum (no. 1). Thus, flagella of different developmental status differ in their hair‐scale complement. The occurrence, distribution, and ultrastructure of flagellar hairs can be used to identify and classify prasinophytes at all taxonomic levels.


Time-angular domain imaging (TADI) employs an angular filter array, which functions to accept quasi-ballistic photons with trajectories near the axis of a collimated light source. At high scattering coefficients, image contrast declines due to background signals from scattered photons that have trajectories compatible with the angular filter array. We attempted to correct for the background signal using a temporal discrimination technique and image subtraction. During TADI through turbid media, photons at early arrival times represent a mixture of quasi-ballistic and scattered photons, while late arriving photons represent scattered photons. We captured two TADI images of a resolution target suspended midway through a 2 cm thick cuvette filled with 0.30% IntralipidTM. A 780 nm, 100 ps pulsed laser (PicoTA, PicoQuant) was used to trans-illuminate the cuvette. Detection was performed after the angular filter array (500 elements with 60 μm × 60 μm square-shaped cross section and 1 cm length) with a gated camera (Picostar HR, LaVision). The first TADI image was collected at a short gate delay with respect to the minimum transit time, and resulted in a projection of the target. A long gate delay was used to collect the second TADI image and the projection of the target was not apparent. A corrected image (two - one) was digitally computed. Analysis of the first image compared to the corrected image revealed a 2.1-fold increase in contrast-to-noise ratio for the corrected image. Therefore, images collected with TADI were improved by processing successive images at different gate delays.


Objective This study appearing in the film Purple β,β'-dimethyl-propylene shikonin determination chromatography to determine the conditions for the study,visit the determination of high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) conditions for the durability.Method Determinate the agents in target composition of β,β'-dimethyl-acrylamide content of shikonin under the condition of the detection of different wavelength,flow rate,temperature,the proportion of mobile phase,the PH of mobile phase,column.Results In the test,detection at the mobile than the match,the mobile phase PH,column,apparatus for the determination of no significant impact(RSD 3.0%),flow rate,temperature influence(RSD 3.0%).Conclusion Through the durability test study to determine the chromatographic determination of appropriate conditions,a determination to ensure the accuracy,reproducibility and credibility.


What does the brain take charge remains indetifinite thus far.The viewpoint of "brain takes charge of viscus and does not nourish it" is suggested in this article.1)It is emphasized that the brain was the mansion of mind,having a dominant effect on the body.The brain was the source and material basis of mind,intelligence and thoughts.2)The physiologic action of brain is discussed through the relationship between five viscera,five sense organs and brain.3)The brain plays dominant role in the life activity.Therefore the brain can't be damaged in any aspects.4)The relationship between brain and heart is discussed from the knowledge of physiology and pathology.The research of brain in TCM has provided a theoretic basis for treating the diseases of brain-cardiac stroke and heart-cerebral stroke.


Dihydroorotase (DHOase) is a zinc metalloenzyme that catalyses the reversible cyclization of N-carbamyl-L-aspartate (CA-asp) to dihydroorotate (DHO) in the de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis. The first structure of a DHOase (from E. coli) has been reported to a resolution of 1.7 A with one homodimer per asymmetric unit [1]. We have collected data from crystals of E. coli DHOase grown in the presence of product, DHO and refined the structure to 1.9 A resolution [2]. As in the original report [1], we find the product DHO bound in the active site of one subunit and CA-asp in the active site of the other. Importantly, we have resolved the conformations of residues B109-112, which were disordered in the reported structure. These residues comprise a loop which takes on different orientations in the two subunits, depending on whether DHO or CA-asp is present in the active site. This is accompanied by movements of residues A/B256258 which seem to 'communicate' between subunits the respective contents of the active sites. Subsequent kinetic analysis at low DHO concentrations shows positive cooperativity [2]. Aspects of this structure of DHOase will be discussed. In addition, the structures of inhibitor complexes and site-directed mutagenesis that allow us to understand more about this loop movement will be described in relation to the enzyme mechanism.


Background. Calculations for classifying powder materials by size are made based on the Tromp separation curve, a dependence of the probability of particle separation into small or large separation products on the particle size. The values of these probabilities are determined experimentally from the results of dispersive analysis of the separation products. Prognostic calculations are made based on various analytical dependences, approximating dependences, in which the agreement between the calculated and experimental data is achieved by an appropriate selection of the numerical coefficient values included in these dependences. The diversity of analytical dependences used to approximate experimental data makes it difficult to compare the results obtained by applying various types of classifiers. All this makes it necessary to analyse the dependences used and to select the optimal variants.  «Вестник ИГЭУ» Вып. 6 2018 г.  ФГБОУВО «Ивановский государственный энергетический университет имени В.И. Ленина» 16 Materials and methods. The analysis has been done based on the available experimental data about the efficiency of dust separation in classifiers of different types by applying methods of statistical analysis. Results. The paper considers nine variants of analytical dependences, most often used to describe separation curves. According to the results of separating several materials in different types of classifiers by statistical methods according to the Fisher criterion, we have evaluated the adequacy of approximation of the separation curve of each of these dependences and ranked them according to the calculated values of the experimental results. It is shown that in most cases, at the corresponding efficiency of classifiers separation, all the formulas adequately describe the experimental results. This explains the variety of dependences used. However, when the classification efficiency changes, the most theoretically justified formulas proposed by O. Molerus lead to a fundamental discrepancy between the experimental and calculated data, which narrows the scope of their use. Conclusions. For practical application, we recommend the Plitt formula and the integral function of the log-normal Gaussian distribution, providing the best agreement between the experimental and calculated values in the whole separation efficiency range that is of practical interest.


Comprehensive and updated guide of all SLU academic events sponsored by School of Arts and Sciences, Departments of Language Studies and the Arts; Social Sciences; Theology; Philosophy and Religion and Math and Sciences Comprehensive guide to all SLU academic events sponsored by the School of Arts and Sciences, the departments of Language Studies and the Arts; Social Sciences; Theology, Philosophy and Religion and Math and Sciences.


Correspondence Aspirin Use in Infective Endocarditis To the Editor—Chan et al. [1], are to be congratulated for their prospective in-terventional study of aspirin use in patients with infective endocarditis (IE). Their study did not fin that aspirin reduced the frequency of major embolic events and showed a trend towards an increase in the number of major bleeding episodes in the intervention group. As acknowledged in their recent article [2], the initial study may have underestimated the benefi of aspirin, because the intervention was started relatively late after symptomatic onset of IE. Thus, they carried out a post-hoc analysis of observational data comparing patients taking long-term aspirin (in various doses) prior to the onset of IE, who continued using aspirin after the diagnosis, versus " placebo-control " patients with IE who did not receive aspirin before or after the diagnosis of IE. Data from this most recent study appear to support the authors' prior contentions that aspirin use in IE does not reduce em-bolic complications, although it potentially increases the risk of major hemorrhage. Importantly, these data are in contradistinction to a recent, well-conducted , retrospective study from the Mayo Clinic that showed significantl reduced rates of emboli in patients with IE who had been taking aspirin prior to the diagnosis [3]. Moreover, many of the limitations extant in the initial article [1] are perpetuated in this follow-up investigation and serve to substantially confound the authors' conclusions. Firstly, the animal studies cited showing the benefi of aspirin in improving IE outcomes are specifi for IE caused by Staphylococcus aureus [4–6]. This paradigm was recently underscored by a prospective investigation [7] showing significan reduction in the frequency of S. aureus (but not streptococcal or enterococcal) bacteremia in patients with indwelling hemodialysis catheters who had been taking long-term aspirin. Thus, a major shortcoming in the clinical data reported in both papers by Chan and colleagues is the relatively small number of S. aureus IE cases. This small sample size prevents a valid statistical analysis of potential salutary impacts of aspirin on IE complications. Secondly, initial studies by Kupferwas-ser et al. [4] were careful to point out that the antimicrobial and anti-embolic impacts of aspirin in animals with established S. aureus IE depended on the dose. Thus, there appears to be a prominent " Goldi-locks effect, " in which too little or too much aspirin may cause paradoxically diminished impacts on outcome metrics in …


Brian McGrath and VictoriaMarshall discern the newly resilient urban patterns that are emerging in the meta-city, shifting and adjusting to changing local and global conditions. Based on smart infrastructure, self-sufficiency and hybrid local models, highly adaptive design patterns take the form of responsive micropatches rather than overarching masterplans. As demonstrated by the featured projects, 'pattern recognition', sensory mapping techniques and sensitivity to a city's ecosystem are becoming essential tools to the urban designer. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Subsequently published as Cordelia Thomas, 'Claims for wrongful pregnancy and damages for the upbringing of the child' (2003) 26 University of New South Wales Law Journal 125. With permission of the UNSWLJ


Grassland plateau zokor is always the major killer,it not only affects the growth of plants,but also seriously restricts the development of prairie stock raising and ecological restoration.Therefore,we aimed at determining the erosion degree of plateau zokor on the tibetan plateau natural grassland from the basic overview,test objectives,test method and other aspects,and the natural grassland of Nangqian county as experimental base,the "plateau zokor(myospalax baileyi)" as a research object,and the "bromadiolone and brodifacoum mother liquor" as trial drugs in the experiment.At last,we mastered the plateau zokor's harm degree and range,and provided scientific basis for future considerations of plateau zokor.


Posterior capsulotomies with Q-switched Nd: YAG laser wereperformed on 31 eyes. The IOP of 27 eyes (87. 3%) increased more than 5mmHg within 24 hours after treatments. The maximum IOP presented at 4thhour post treatment. The high IOP returned to normal in 24 hours in mostof the eyes and Iasted for one week in one eye.


A reprint of US Patent 3,138,743 (Issued June 23, 1964. Filed Feb. 6, 1959), issued to J.S. Kilby, is presented. Kilby's integrated circuit provided the breakthrough for microelectronics as we know it. In his patent he claimed his invention "resulted from a new and totally different concept for miniaturization. Radically departing from the teachings of the art, it is proposed by the invention that miniaturization can best be obtained by use of as few materials and operations as possible. In accordance with the principles of the invention, the ultimate in circuit miniaturization is attained using only one material for all circuit elements." Kilby received the 2000 Nobel Prize in Physics as the inventor of the integrated circuit (IC) after the death of Robert Noyce in 1990. All eight pages of the original patent, plus four pages of illustrations are included.


Based on resource and relational theories, this study examined the relationships among organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), exchanged resources, and career growth opportunities, along with the moderating effect of member-member exchange (MMX). Findings from a field survey of 192 supervisor-subordinate dyads revealed that status resource was positively related to OCB and career growth opportunities. MMX moderated the relationship between OCB and status resource in such a way that the relationship was stronger in the low MMX context than in the high MMX context. The main contribution of this study is an explanation of the effects of OCB on individual careers from a fine-grained perspective based on resource and relational theories.


Today's educational challenges necessitate the creative use of digital technology to adapt an effective pedagogical approach in chemistry teaching. While various visualization tools have been developed to improve visual-spatial skills, previous studies on digital technology interventions provide limited findings and show moderate effects on students' learning. Moreover, students still have misconceptions even after using three-dimensional models physically or virtually while learning chemical bonding. Therefore, this study investigates the effectiveness of the CHEMBOND3D e-module that integrates the web-based visualization tool, Molview, on the chemical bonding concept knowledge and visual-spatial skills between treatment groups and control groups. A pretest-posttest non-equivalent control group with a quasi-experimental quantitative design is used in the research. Pilot studies were conducted to verify the validity and reliability of the CHEMBOND3D Chemical Bonding Knowledge Test and Revised Purdue Visualization Test of Rotations. A total of 112 pre-university students from 10 schools in Sabah were selected based on the sampling method. The findings showed significant improvement in the chemical bonding concept knowledge and visual-spatial skills for treatment group students using CHEMBOND3D e-module compared to control group students using conventional methods. This provides new evidence of the potential of web-based application in learning microscopic chemistry concept in chemical bonding. These findings can facilitate further studies of other digital visualization tools such as virtual reality and augmented reality in support of learning complex chemistry concepts in reaction mechanisms and chemical equilibrium.


"Merger: main developments between 1 September and 31 December 2009"* In response to a request by France's Competition Authority, the European Commission decided, on 30 October 2009, to refer to…


Identification of the Relationship Between Economic and Land Use Characteristics and Urban Mobility at the Macroscopic Level in Texas Urban Areas. (August 2004) David Lynn Schrank, B.S., Texas A&M University; M.S., Texas A&M University Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. David L. Pugh Traffic congestion continues to be a growing problem for cities of all sizes in the United States. Transportation agencies in urban areas are facing the difficult challenges of providing an efficient and reliable transportation system for residents and businesses despite ever-diminishing resources. Agencies in these areas need the capability of determining the future benefits of transportation investments so they can communicate this information to the public. This capability is difficult for many agencies, especially some of the smaller ones, who may not have the resources to make these analyses without turning to expensive long-range models. This research uses readily available socio-economic, land use, and traffic congestion data from many of the Texas urban areas to create prediction models to estimate future traffic congestion levels. Many of the transportation agencies that could utilize this tool do not have the resources to deal with large complex databases. Thus, basic information such as income, employment, single family residences, or commercial properties, to name a few, is used to create the predictions models.


The three-dimension CFD technique is used to simulating the flow fluctuation of axial piston pump,and qualitative analysis the relation among the different structures of port plate of axial piston pump.


The invention discloses a constant-temperature and constant-humidity maintaining box with a filtering device. The constant-temperature and constant-humidity maintaining box comprises a maintaining box body. A partition plate is arranged at the lower portion of the maintaining box body, and the maintaining box body is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity through the partition plate. A lower vertical partition plate is fixed in the lower cavity. The lower cavity is divided into a water storing cavity body and a water pump cavity body through the lower vertical partition plate. A water inlet pipe of a waterproof water pump penetrates the lower vertical partition plate and stretches into the water storing cavity body. A water outlet of the waterproof water pump is communicated and connected with a water spraying pipe. An upper vertical partition plate is fixed to the middle of the upper cavity, and the upper cavity is divided into a left equipment cavity body and a right maintaining room through the upper vertical partition plate. The upper end of the water spraying pipe penetrates the partition plate, extends along the side wall of the maintaining room upwards and is fixedly provided with a spraying head. The spraying head is opposite to the bottom face of the maintaining room. A water discharging hole is formed in the bottom face of the maintaining room, and the water discharging hole is communicated with the water storing cavity body. The constant-temperature and constant-humidity maintaining box is simple in structure and convenient to manufacture, a filtering net is arranged so that dust, debris and the like in the maintaining room can be prevented from entering the water storing cavity body, and normal operation of the equipment is ensured.


This case series evaluated the graft stability and resorption of a modified shell technique for horizontal ridge augmentation. Autogenous bone shells of 1-mm thickness were fixed with microtitanium screws with the gaps between the shells and ridge filled with autogenous bone chips. In 22 patients, 30 cases were performed to augment 50 regions. Forty-two implants were inserted after a healing period of 5.5 (± 1.0) months. Preoperatively, the mean width of the crest was 2.7 mm (± 0.9), after bone grafting, 6.7 mm (± 0.8), and during implant placement, 5.9 mm (±0.7), and the mean resorption was 0.8 mm (± 0.5) (P < .001). This technique showed promising results. However, due to slight resorption, the ridge should be over contoured.


Between the ages of one and two, physical changes are extensive. Jo Code explains the developments in growth and motor skills.


Objective To evaluate the changes of left ventricular diastolic function by detecting cardiac structure and function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM) with echocardiography.Method The pulse Doppler echocardiography (PDE) and Doppler tissue imaging (DTI) were used to examine the trans-mitral velocity, the pulmonary venous velocity and the mitral annulus velocity in forty patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and twenty normal subjects.Results (1)The thickness of interventricular septum and posterior left ventricular wall as well as left atrial diameter increased in diabetic patients compared with those in control subjects(P0.05).(2)There was no significant difference between two groups in the parameters of systolic function while many parameters of diastolic function were abnormal in DM group(P0.05).Conclusions Diastolic dysfunction exists early in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.The assessment of the mitral annulus velocity by DTI is simple and sensitive to evaluate left ventricular diastolic function.


The invention discloses a gain compensation and image optimization method for ultrasonic imaging, a gain compensation and image optimization device for ultrasonic imaging and an ultrasonic imaging system. The method comprises the following steps of: receiving a mode selecting signal; selecting at least one gain compensation mode serving as a selected gain compensation mode from a gain compensation mode set according to the mode selecting signal, wherein the gain compensation mode set comprises at least two different gain compensation modes and each gain compensation mode can be used for calculating a gain compensation parameter; calculating the gain compensation parameter by using the selected gain compensation mode; and performing gain compensation on input ultrasonic image data by using the gain compensation parameter. The gain compensation mode for an image can be selected flexibly according to different gain compensation targets under different application environments or in different working modes for compensating the image in a targeted way, so that image gain compensation requirements under various conditions are met.


The project was mainly performed at CAMR, Centre of Advanced Manufacturing Research in Adelaide, Australia between September 2003 and January 2004. The aim of the project was to develop a metho ...


Maltose and maltotriose, together with glucose, are the major carbohydrates found in malts. Thus, brewing yeasts grown in malt-based brewing processes with serial re-pitching have likely increased their ability to uptake these sugars during domestication by modulating the expression and copy number of maltose transporter genes (MALT, also known as Malx1). However, the molecular basis for and structural insights into the sugar preferences of MALT proteins remain to be elucidated. Here we report the functional evaluation of two novel Saccharomyces cerevisiae MALT proteins, ScMalt#2p and ScMalt#5p, from industrial brewing yeasts, focusing on their maltose and maltotriose preferences. Structural models of the MALT proteins generated by AlphaFold2 and functional analyses of substitution mutants revealed that a very small number of amino acid residues in two spatially adjacent transmembrane helixes, TMH7 and TMH11, appear to be crucial for sugar preference. Thus, subtle conformational alterations conferred by a small number of amino acid polymorphisms within MALTs would contribute to the adaptation of domesticated brewing yeasts to the constrained carbohydrate environment of industrial wort during beer brewing.


Business Plus is a three-level, integrated-skills, business English course, from A1 (false beginner) to B1 (pre-intermediate) levels. The Level 1 Teacher's Manual contains a general introduction, full unit-by-unit summaries, language notes and tips, and a complete answer key.


Mr. Nordby is in charge of the ATSAC Operations Division in the Los Angeles Department of Transportation. He provided an overview of the signal systems maintenance program in Los Angeles, and the significant changes that have been made as a result of the ATSAC system. Mr. Nordby concluded by noting that many automated systems around the country will be facing these same maintenance issues in the coming years, and although the current emphasis seems to be on system implementation, after a short period it will shift to the day-to-day concerns of operations and maintenance.


To every birth its blood, Serote's first novel, was originally published in 1981. It was written over a period of six years and combines the piercing subjectivity of Serote's earlier works with a broad canvas of characters and time sequences. Whether his characters are young or old, men or women, Serote's extraordinary empathy takes us into the interior of their lives.


into the dissociational category. But whatever the reasons for the shift, it would have been reassuring to the reader to have had some discussion of exactly what phenomena were included in their T category and perhaps even more important, what phenomena were rejected and the reasons. Although such uncertainties were troubling, it is well to reflect that the same difficulties bedevil any worker in the field of consciousness (the term itself evades definition), especially when he attempts a classification or quantification of subjective experience. We have as yet no meter that can register when two people are having the same quality or intensity of subjective experience. To deal with this problem as the behaviorists did, by denying the significance of consciousness, has proved only a partial and temporary respite. The present volume then is a most valuable contribution to the recrudescence of scientific interest in consciousness, its varieties, and significance,


Drawing from theories of visual culture, social semiotics, and multimodality, the researchers conducted a qualitative multimodal content analysis of the covers of 21 young adult (YA) books that had been adapted as graphic novels (GNs). This study showed that the GN covers emphasized character and that the ages of the represented characters seemed to shift during the process of adaptation. However, publishers linked the two covers through branding, color schemes, and visual elements. These findings suggest that publishers view the readership of GNs differently than the readership of YA novels. This article encourages literacy education researchers and classroom practitioners to support students in analyzing visual artifacts designed for particular consumers. Critical readers could examine the sites of production and dissemination in addition to the text itself.


In pursuit of American policy, the Saigon administration carried out extremely reactionary policies, such as refusing general consultation, refusing to reestablish normal relations between the North and the South, refusing the election of the Constituent Assembly (March 31, 1956), the promulgation of the Constitution (October 26, 1956), the establishment of the Can Lao People's Party, the National Revolutionary Movement and the Republican Youth. The Saigon government tried to terrorize peace advocates, resistance fighters and those who fought for the Geneva Accords (1954). The conspiracy and tactics that the US and Diem Ngo Dinh government as ways of refusing to negotiate with the general election made ethnic conflicts and social conflicts increasingly severe. Thus, a political fight for peace and the enforcement of the Geneva agreement between the people of Hoi An and the United States and the Saigon government became inevitable.


Given the association between MT and longitudinal relaxation rate (1/T1), we hypothesized that T1app, under RF saturation, can be estimated from T1 to improve CBF quantification. Using Wistar rats, we showed that the T1app over T1 ratiometric map (i.e., T1app/T1) is homogeneous despite large regional variation in T1 and T1app maps. Therefore, we postulated that T1app map could be estimated from the routine T1 map instead of T1app, which is cumbersome and not straightforward. A fast T1app estimation provides satisfactory Cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurement across the brain, not affected by the concomitant MT effect.


It is shown that in patients with severe pneumonia with COVID-19, the lungs lose their airiness, as pus and mucus completely fill the lumen of their Airways. Gas exchange in the lungs stops. This is the cause of hypoxia and death of patients with a new coronavirus disease. Since it is not yet possible to quickly restore the airiness of the lungs of patients with severe acute respiratory distress (SARS), many die if extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is not used. It is shown that this procedure is very complex and expensive, so it is not available to everyone. In addition, ECMO may not always be applied in a timely manner. As an alternative to ECMO, an easy, cheap and publicly available method of extrapulmonary oxygenation is offered using a solution of hydrogen peroxide, which can be administered internally as a beverage carbonated with oxygen, and in the form of injections in the "right place". In the review of the listed patents invented drugs and their formulations. The role of all ingredients is described in detail.

Keywords: Coronavirus, SARSCoV2, COVID19, Obstructive bronchitis, Hypoxia oxygen, Hydrogen peroxide, Blood oxygenation.


With the extensive use of removable storage devices such as U-flash disk,it has become the new carrier of computer virus.The open and free environment of the electronic reading room of higher school also gives chance to U-flash disk virus,which has done seriously harm to the normal work of computers and information systems of the electronic reading room.Combined with the work experience of daily management of the electronic reading room,the paper has analyzed the transmission principle of U-flash disk virus and suggested the realization methods of U-disk virus control.


The main purpose of the article is to study the state and development prospects of academic mobility in Kazakhstani universities. Since the launch of mobility, the status of universities has changed significantly for the better, namely the quality of education has begun to increase, allowing to build up the capacity of graduates by studying foreign models, professional environment approaches competencies that will undoubtedly be in demand on the labor market. The current employers' requirements for university graduates are very high, and only the presence of a systemic policy in universities for the development of various models of mobility will make it possible to comply with modern global trends. In the paper, the authors present the data of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2019–2020, reflecting the activities of universities in the field of mobility, the data of the Auezov South Kazakhstan University. In 2020–2022 the conditions for mobility have been changed under the influence of economic and political factors and COVID-19. Overall, universities in most countries have switched to hybrid forms of study. The results of field research are presented to identify the role of mobility and efficiency of competencies, as well as the development skills of students on the example of the Auezov University. According to the study, it was concluded that mobility is an important factor in the preparation of competitive specialists for the economy of Kazakhstan. Undoubtedly, it impacts and plays an important role in the formation of the University 4.


Two inexpensive impedance tube designs are described. The theory of acoustic waves in a tube is discussed briefly, including simple equations for acoustic impedance, reflection coefficient, standing‐wave ratio, and transmission loss. Ten experiments which make use of the impedance tube are suggested.


We show that when the relevant CP violating interactions in leptogenesis are fast, the different matter density asymmetries are determined at each instant by a balance condition between the amount of asymmetry being created and destroyed. This fact allows to understand in a simple way many features of leptogenesis in the strong washout regime. In particular, we find some non-trivial effects of flavour changing interactions that conserve lepton number, which are specially relevant in models for leptogenesis that rely heavily on flavour effects.


The term "coaching" primarily evokes the image of the sports coach, aiming to guide and drive an athlete to successful performance and winning or becoming a champion. Nowadays, coaching has become such a ubiquitous concept that it can connote any professional practice empowering people to unlock their potential to make the most of their performance and achieve their goals. The higher education sector is one of the key areas to benefit from adopting coaching practices where coaching can be used in different applications. This chapter presents a selective review of the definition, purpose, and main areas of coaching and explores the differences between coaching and mentoring skills. The review is based on information collected from published papers, books, coaching professional bodies' publications, websites, and lecture notes. In addition, it presents key coaching applications and their potential in the higher education sector.


This paper presents a methodology to investigate the dopant fluctuation and the gate leakage fluctuation of trigate devices via a purely experimental approach. The dopant fluctuation is known to be reduced in a trigate comparing to a planar transistor, while it depends on the Fin-height. Another source of variation is the gate leakage variation caused by the surface roughness effect. Both types of variation create major challenges for putting the trigate into the manufacturing. The method to understand these effects and the experimental procedures will be addressed. A measure of the variation by the Pelgrom plot will be specifically addressed.


Eugene O'Neill was born in a devout Catholic family. Young Eugene had fervently prayed to God to heal his mother's drug addiction, but God did not hear his prayers. Disappointed Eugene abandoned his Catholic faith at the age of fifteen, and began to explore a new god for replacing the old one since then. Eugene O'Neill is an honest, sincere and compassionate dramatist; his works focuses on the meaning of human life. Although European writers and thinkers, such as Freud, Jung, Shakespeare, Ibsen, Shaw, Chekhov, Synge, Conrad, Nietzsche and Strindberg exerted important influences on him in philosophy, psychology and drama, they could not bring him satisfaction and joy. O'Neill's exploration of the ultimate meaning of life had finally returned to the biblical doctrine. Through dealing with the recurrent themes in O'Neill's plays, this paper aims to point out that biblical doctrines are indispensable to O'Neill's plays.


The current cellular systems are conventional cell-centric based architectures, and thus the inter-cell interference greatly affects the quality of service (QoS) of users located at the border of those service areas. For that reason, future wireless systems will rely on a cell-less deployment by using an alternative promising network infrastructure known as cell-free (CF) technology. Here, in contrast to the current networks, there are no concepts of cells or cell boundaries since it is a disruptive paradigm where a large number of geographically distributed access points (APs) simultaneously and jointly serve a much smaller number of user terminals (UTs) to fulfill the exponentially increasing number of users. Therefore, this paper aims to contribute on this field and considers the design of hybrid analog/digital multi-user equalizer for broadband millimeter wave (mmWave) CF massive multiple-input multiple-output (mMIMO) systems, using a distributed beamforming approach (processing is distributed by APs and central unit (CU)) to reduce the fronthaul requirements. First, only a low complexity analog precoder is applied to the transmitter, while a joint design of APs hybrid equalizer and CU combiner are considered by minimizing the average mean square error (MSE) between the transmitted and CU estimated signals. To achieve this joint design, a cyclic minimization method is used to iterate between APs hybrid equalizer and CU combiner, where the information is exchanged between APs and CU based on a set of error variances to improve detection performance. The simulation results show that the proposed precoder and the hybrid linear equalizer can achieve performance results very close to those of the fully digital system. Moreover, just two iterations of the proposed algorithm are already enough to match the full centralized approach performance.


Cultivation of food crops such as soybeans is directed towards development on suboptimal land. Dry land is one of the suboptimal land that is available in Indonesia. Obstacles encountered in dry land are drought stress especially in dry season, low nutrient availability and high soil acidity. To get the optimal production needed technical improvement of cultivation such as giving organic material. The utilization of locally-specific organic materials such as MOL (local microorganisms) bamboo clumps can improve soil problems both physically, chemically and biologically. The aim of this research is to get optimal dose from MOL bamboo grove on soybean cultivation of dry land and test the ability of MOL bamboo grove in substituting function of inorganic fertilizer. The research was carried out in dry land precisely in Nagari Sarilamak, Limapuluh Kota District, West Sumatera Province from March to August 2016. The study used a Completely Randomized Block Design with one factor and three replications. Treatment level that is MOL dosage of Bamboo Clump consist of: dose 5 t/ha, 10 t/ha, 15 t/ha, 20 t/ha and control inorganic or chemical fertilizer recommendation. The results showed that the application of MOL bamboo grove can increase the growth, biomass formation and production of Anjasmoro variety compared to control. The optimal dose of MOL bamboo grove is 15 t/ha because it is not significantly different from the dose of 20 t/ha in biomass formation and increased production

Keywords: organic matter, local microorganism, MOL dosage of bamboo clump


Combining with the practical example of cement injection pile in road engineering soft soil foundation treatment,the construction technology and construction quality control points of cement injection pile were introduced,and the scope of application,its merit and demerit of every detection method was explained in detail,so as to ensure the construction quality of cement injection pile.


A series of experiments was conducted to visually observe the fundamental features of the scale effect on boiling nucleation in mini/micro tubes. Boiling nucleation and/or bubble generation was observed in mini tubes of 1.5 to 2.5 mm and micro tubes of 50 to 200 μm in inner diameter. As heat flux was increased, bubbles were normally observed generating and growing inside the tubes of 2.5 mm. As tube diameter decreased from 1.5 to 0.05 mm, or in mini and micro tubes, the liquid was emitted instantaneously rather than generating bubbles and bubble growth, which is referred as liquid exploding emission in this paper. In mini tubes of Di = 1.5 mm, violent jet flows with macro bubbles were formed, and the liquid was almost totally emitted out of the tube. While in micro tubes of Di = 50–200 μm, the emission was much stronger, and only fog-like jet flow was observed consisted of extremely tiny bubbles, which indicates the mechanism of nucleation is different from that in mini tubes. It is expected that the scale effects intensely influence on not only the onset of emission, but also the strength and nature of emissions.Copyright © 2008 by ASME


Abstract In recent years, worldwide, the environmental issues have gained unprecedented importance, including those linked to the use and management of water. Discussion is installed, recognizing the strategic role of water resources and the need to manage watersheds sustainably. This paper analyzes the extraordinary flood in July 2006 with a record level in the Neuquen River. This event which showed the vulnerability of populations located downstream Cerros Colorados dam Complex, currently poses a new and intricate scenario. In order to analyze the events of 2006, we previously performed a brief historical and anecdotal overview of Neuquen more important floods and the means used to control them, consisting in construction of hydraulic engineering works. These were very important in the development of fruit production in the valley by allowing irrigation of lands in production. The extraordinary flood July 2006 raised many questions left. It speaks of the urgent need for new engineering works, when we should think about the possibility of integrated management of watershed as a unit for planning.


This article reports eight new humeral, ulnar, and radial fragments of Nacholapithecus kerioi collected from Nachola, Kenya during the 1998/1999 field seasons. The study refines the description of its forelimb bones, which was mostly based on a single partial skeleton. The most distinctive feature of the distal humerus is a large, globular, medially tilted capitulum. The groove between the capitulum and the zona conoidea is quite deep. The medial part of the humeral trochlea is also diagnostic in showing a less salient medial border. The medial epicondyle is moderately long and more posteriorly reflected than was previously presumed. The coronoid process of the ulna is quite wide. Its medial portion is distinctly concave. The ulnar shaft is anteroposteriorly deep in its proximal half, slender, straight in frontal view, and weakly anteriorly bowing. The elbow of Nacholapithecus exhibits a primitive functional pat-tern as a hominoid, including lack of universal stability of the humeroulnar joint through full extension and flexion, restriction of hyperextension of the elbow, and relatively anteroposteriorly oriented loading at the proximal ulna. On the other hand, it is derived in terms of enhanced rotational mobility and stability of the radius, incipiently increased stability at the humeroulnar joint, and more frequent maximum extension of the elbow compared to proconsulids. This mosaic morphology is different from both early Miocene proconsulids and later suspensory or orthograde European fossil apes. Although Nacholapithecus was neither suspensory nor orthograde, its forelimbs may have played a greater role for body support or balance maintenance, more frequently reaching to and exploiting overhead supports than in early Miocene proconsulids.


This dissertation illustrates how twentieth-century Southern African and Caribbean authors of English fictions recuperate the metaphorical and material female body from the male-centered project of British colonization by employing the female body as a site of resistance through representations of illness, eating disorders, and racial and gender performance. I include works by men and women as well as white and minority authors to illustrate how the female body becomes a point of convergence for narratives of resistance in these postcolonial works. Since each narrative is informed by hybridity-through syncretism, miscegenation, and contact with the metropolis through immigration-I argue that each author demonstrates the need to embrace a hybrid subject position in order to effect resistance. Moreover, I contend that the damaging effects of the lasting legacy of Victorian gender normative behavior which governs and often limits female agency necessitates a reconnection to a mother figure and the motherland in these novels as well. The first chapter provides a broad historical background of the British Empire's role in colonization in the areas under study as well as specific histories for Jamaica, Haiti, South Africa, and Zimbabwe. I also include in this chapter the historical developments that conflated the racialized female body with representations of the land under colonization and a discussion of Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness as the seminal colonial representation of the themes that the narratives in later chapters resist. The second chapter argues that portrayals of illness J.M. Coetzee'sAge of Iron and Ema Brodber' s Myal serve as metaphors for the corruption and sickness inherent in the colonial system, specifically education. The third chapter contends that eating disorders


The paper examines the issue of establishing a monitoring network for regions with highly developed industrial infrastructure. The goal is to create a unified information and analytical system that would provide for efficient environmental risk management. These results are part of a multi-year research project pursuing the ultimate goal of enhanced ecological safety in industrialised regions. We build on studies initiated by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research 1 which, however, requires a large number of monitoring stations to measure the flows of pollutants with fine-scale spatial variability. In our approach we emphasise the power of the probabilistic approach to defining the location of monitoring stations and consequent efficient risk management.