Microalgae have been attracting attention as one of important feedstock of biodiesel production,due to their high growth rate,high lipid content and requiring less arable land.However,obtaining oleaginous microalgal strains with excellent properties is the the first and key issue in the terms of large-scale production of microalgal biodiesel.It is illustrated for the current general situation of oleaginous microalgal breeding from the technique of selection breeding,mutation breeding,cell conjugation and genetic engineering.


PURPOSE: A broadcast reception device based on DCAS and a securing method thereof are provided to encode transceiving messages between an SM module and a transmission processor in order to guarantee the security of a set top box based on DCAS(Downloadable Conditional Access System). CONSTITUTION: A security module(330) registers a module for security channel formation. An SM(Secure Micro) module(300) interprets a transmitted message through a data channel. The SM module generate a security message. A DCAS host module(310) relays the security message to a transmission processor(320). The transmission processor shares security related algorithms with a CAS(Conditional Access System) client(306). The transmission processor descrambles a transmission stream by decoding the security message.


he recent publication in English translation of Niels Thulstrup's Kierkegaard's Relation to Hegel, which is a documentary goldmine for historical analysis, offers an occasion to add an observation about their complex relation that is of a more systematic nature. It is this: however much Kierkegaard's genius and religious sensibility may have rebelled against the systematic character of Hegel's thought, he nevertheless learned to wield the master's dialectical method with far more skill than putative "hegelians" before or since have achieved. Although much has been written about Kierkegaard's dialectic, and Stephen Crites has even suggested that "the development of the socalled stages or spheres of existence through his pseudonymous writings amounts to the construction of a new 'phenomenology of spirit' alternative to Hegel's" (66), /1/ it has not, to my knowledge, been observed that Kierkegaard presents in volume 1 of Either/Or a dialectic that rivals for subtlety and systematic coherence any ever produced by Hegel. The principle of this dialectic is none other than contradiction itself, and its result is a clear presentation of the aesthetic stage as a sphere determined by and devoted to contradiction. Since contradiction is the mechanism rather than the content of Hegel's dialectical method, the question of Kierkegaard's intention immediately arises. Is he writing a parody of Hegel? Could this work be an early effort to emulate the great philosopher? Although I suspect more the former than the latter, an adequate answer to such questions would require an examination of the aesthetic stage in relation to the ethical and religious stages. All that is possible here is to show that the


All over the world, automatic university timetabling has been a difficult problem to solve. The authors have thus developed an interactive timetabling system for the Faculty of Sciences and Technology of the Universidade Nova de Lisboa, based on concepts of decision support and expert systems, that attempts to overcome the weaknesses of previous methods. The system uses several criteria to qualify a proposed timetable, whose relative importance may be adjusted by the user. The weighting of the criteria is a subjective factor affecting the system globally and the solution proposed by the system might not reflect, locally, the expectations of the user when he/she defined the weights. To overcome this problem, the system is highly interactive, allowing the user to test and compare alternative scenarios based on local modifications, providing for each, a total weight that measures the quality of the scenarios. The system also provides very complete report writing capabilities. Finally, the sophisticated graphical interface provided by the system, greatly facilitates the user's dialog. The authors describe the main features of their timetabling system. >


Cinnamon is a small evergreen tree 10-15 meters tall, belongs to the family Lauracae. The leaves are ovate-oblong in shape, 7-18 Cm long, the flowers which are arranged in panicles, have greenish color and distinct odor. The fruit is a purple one centiberry containing a single seed. Cinnamon are widely used as spice and flavoring agent and can be clinically used in treatment of certain diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cinnamon extract has blood glucose lowering effect in patients with type 2 diabetes. This study tested the effect of cinnamon extract on D- glucose induced hyperglycemias which showed significant reduction in plasma glucose level. Chronic hyperglycemia model induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin, the extract showed marked decrease in blood glucose level.


Do artificial reefs serve as productive marine fish habitats (sources) or do fish assemblages of such reefs contribute little to the gene pool of succeeding generations (sinks)? Using data from a 24-year study of the breakwater at King Harbor (California, USA), annual densities of reef fish larvae were compared with densities observed elsewhere in the Southern California Bight. Larval production at King Harbor has decreased over the study period, as has the size of the fish assemblage. Both declines may be related to recorded increases in water temperature. Larval densities from similar water depths (0-15 m) throughout the bight vary widely between sites and years. However, the mean percentage represented by reef fish among all larvae at King Harbor was 51% during those 5 years for which bight-wide samples were available (35% for all years) compared to 5% in the bight-wide samples. Utilizing larvae of 12 genera of reef fish species common to the samples, five were significantly more abundant in King Harbor samples. Results indicate that the breakwater represents a mature artificial reef and contributes to the reef fish larval pool of the bight, acting as a source rather than a sink. Copyright 2002 International Council for the Exploration of the Sea. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.


Author(s): Dillon, Jesse; Whitcraft, Christine | Abstract: We hypothesized there would be differences in the microbial and infaunal communitiesprimarily responsible for degrading macrophyte vs. microalgal carbon. Specifically we predicted that: The invertebrate community degrading macrophyte-derived carbon will be significantly different from those degrading algal-derived carbon. The microbial communities (bacteria and fungi) degrading macrophyte-derived carbon will be significantly different from those not using this carbon source.


Purpose: Constitutive activation of inhibitor of κB kinase (IKK) confers melanoma resistance to apoptosis and chemotherapy. Whether IKK is able to serve as a therapeutic target in melanoma is unknown. We explored the possibility of exploiting IKK as a therapeutic target in melanoma by using BMS-345541, a novel compound with a highly selective IKKβ inhibitory activity, to trigger melanoma cell apoptosis. Experimental Design: Three human melanoma cell lines (SK-MEL-5, Hs 294T, and A375), all of which have high constitutive IKK activities, served as in vitro and in vivo melanoma models for treatment with BMS-345541. Two known antitumor drugs (temozolomide and bortezomib) were used as parallel controls for evaluation of the therapeutic efficiency and toxicity of BMS-345541. The effects of BMS-345541 on nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling and on the apoptosis machinery were investigated. Results: Inhibition of constitutive IKK activity by BMS-345541 resulted in the reduction of NF-κB activity, CXCL1 chemokine secretion by cultured melanoma cells and melanoma cell survival in vitro and in vivo. The effect of BMS-345541 on tumor cell growth was through mitochondria-mediated apoptosis, based on the release of apoptosis-inducing factor, dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential, and reduced ratio of B cell lymphoma gene-2 (Bcl-2)/Bcl-associated X protein (Bax) in mitochondria. The BMS-345541 execution of apoptosis was apoptosis-inducing factor–dependent, but largely caspase-independent. Conclusion: BMS-345541 down-regulation of IKK activity results in mitochondria-mediated apoptosis of tumor cells because the programmed cell death machinery in melanoma cells is highly regulated by NF-κB signaling. Therefore, IKK may serve as a potential target for melanoma therapy.


The heating process and heating defects of lithium ion battery casing were analyzed based on the finite element analysis software,ANSYS,and the corresponding heating process experiments were carried out. The results show that the temperatures of all rubber sacs reduce gradually from centre to both ends during heating; the temperature difference of rubber sac increases gradually with the increase of heating temperature; the range of reasonable heating temperature is 130~210℃; not only the shrinkage defects of rubber sac easy occurs,but also the damage or even burning and explosion of lithium ion battery occurs under the high temperature; the simulation results conform well with the experimental one,it indicate that the finite element analysis model of rubber sac heating established is reasonable and reliable.


We analysed the floristic and phytoconological diversities along a chronosequence of post cultural steps in a system of semi deciduous dense forest of Côte d'Ivoire. A total of 414 species has been selected in the massive set which (23.91%) were not involved in the Those species were grouped into 305 genera The most popular ones were the Fabaceae the Poaceae. The hierarchical cluster of the phytosociological survey and the DCA helped identify 7 groups laid out along a gradient of forest maturity. The early steps. largely variable. were dominated by an invasive species: odorata. The succession leads gradually to a secondary forest similar to the semi deciduous forest with papaverifera (A. Chev.) Cap. And Khaya ivorensi That forest demonstrates a high level of resilience when the source of propagules is close and abundant


A principle is the underlying part (or spirit) of the basis for an evolutionary normative or formative development, which is the object of subjective experience and/or interpretation. (Enacademic, 2015). According to (Gurrey, 1962) the ideal teaching-learning process should involve the following principles: material and equipment, purpose, interest, aim, setting and experience as the main principles. The teacher's perception of the teaching materials presented to him or her, his interest in them, his aim, his perception of the setting, and his confidence arising from the experience he has will determine the methods he uses. These principles are necessary in order for the teacher to communicate effectively with the students to guarantee foreign language development. Student responsibility is also encouraged through active involvement in the classroom activities. In terms of subsidiary principles the theory suggests the following principles: student confidence, plenty of practice and a sense of responsibly for their present situation and future. ABSTRACT: The term principle refers to beliefs the teachers hold for choosing and sticking to particular methods which in turn affect performance of the students.


Magnetics form an integral part of power electronics based energy conversion systems for power conditioning. However magnetics significantly add to the size and cost of these systems, unless designed for high frequency operations. High frequency designs suffer from higher losses resulting from core and conductors due to increased skin and proximity effects. At higher power levels the cross-sectional area required to handle power is larger, exacerbating the high frequency effects. State-of-the-art high power density converters require thermal-aware designs from reliability perspectives. The challenge lies in designing high frequency magnetics with minimal loss, such that the maximum temperature at higher power densities does not damage the insulation, conductors or the core of the magnetic component. This work represents a systematic thermal-aware design approach for high frequency inductors and transformers, wherein a new method of ac loss prediction for interleaved transformer windings is proposed. All the designs are experimentally verified showing good thermal performance.


In this paper,the theory of intelligence system of measurement and control node in CAN and a kind of simple structure and strong practicality,the composition of the system is started in detail,the main function and the way of using the new instruments used in the system is also introduced.Besides,we propose a practical method of saving non-volatile data in the system.


In the big data era, extreme learning machine (ELM) can be a good solution for the learning of large sample data as it has high generalization performance and fast training speed. However, the emerging big and distributed data blocks may still challenge the method as they may cause large-scale training which is hard to be finished by a common commodity machine in a limited time. In this paper, we propose a MapReduce-based distributed framework named MR-ELM to enable large-scale ELM training. Under the framework, ELM submodels are trained parallelly with the distributed data blocks on the cluster and then combined as a complete single-hidden layer feedforward neural network. Both classification and regression capabilities of MR-ELM have been theoretically proven, and its generalization performance is shown to be as high as that of the original ELM and some common ELM ensemble methods through many typical benchmarks. Compared with the original ELM and the other parallel ELM algorithms , MR-ELM is a general and scalable ELM training framework for both classification and regression and is suitable for big data learning under the cloud environment where the data are usually distributed instead of being located in one machine.


Objective To clarify the clinical therapeutic effect of rich-chromuim bean bud preparation on type Ⅱ diabetes mellitus. Methods 250 cases of patients with type Ⅱ diabetes mellitus were randomly divided into two groups.The treatment group(200 cases)was given with rich-chromium bean bud based on the previous medicine. Results (1)Before the experiment,the content of hair chromiumin in both treatment and control groups were lower than the normal level and there was no significant difference between the two groups.A significant difference between the two groups was produced after treatment for three months(P0.01).(2)The levels of blood glucose no significant difference was found between the two groups,but the blood glucose level of each time-phase in treatment group was significantly lower than that of the control group.(3)The area under the curve of blood glucose in treatment group was significantly decreased after treatment,and it is showed significant difference between the two groups(P 0.01 ).(4)The area under the curve of plasma insulin was no difference between the levels before and after treatment in treatment group,and there was no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion The rich chromium bean bud preparation is efficient as one of the treatments for type Ⅱ diabetes mellitus.


Improvement of computer performance and increment of network bandwidth, in company with proceeding of video data compressing technology, make it possible to provide digit video service. On video servers based on CATV, the data's real-time property completely depends on video server. The real-time property of general-purpose PC server's output data is low somewhat, and is difficult to adapt to the video server's demand. This paper extends the general-purpose PC server both in hardware and software to design a data transfer policy. With the policy, real-time data transfer can be guaranteed to some extent, and consequently a video server based on general-purpose PC server can be obtained.


Technology, Feuerwerkerstrasse 39 3602 Thun, Switzerland Carbon nanotubes ( CNTs ) with their outstanding properties are expected as reinforcement for conventional materials, though they are required to be uniformly dispersed with the host matrix. However, uniform dispersion of CNTs within metal and ceramic  based materials is highly challenging to achieve due to strong van der Waal's forces between the neighboring CNTs lead- ing to strong CNT agglomeration. We fabricated fully dense, uniformly dispersed 1.0 and 5.0 vol  CNT  aluminum matrix composite by combination of hetero agglomeration method and spark plasma sintering ( SPS ) followed by hot extrusion process. Tensile response and microstructure of the composites were studied by the universal Instron tester and transmission electron microscope, respectively. We realized a considerable enhancement in tensile strength of the composites while reaching the same rapture elongation for the 1.0 vol  CNT composite as the cast pure aluminum, however, the rupture elongation for the 5.0 vol  CNT composite was reduced. Although the aluminum was infiltrated into the surface defects of CNTs after the SPS, however, no Al 4


Problem setting. Structural reforms in the healthcare system, medical institutions autonomization and radical change in their financing model, necessitate continuous improvement of methodological and organizational approaches to the training of modern specialists in the field of healthcare organization and management.
Recent research and publications analysis. Conceptual, terminological and practical aspects for the formation of the leadership professional competence are considered in the numerous works by foreign and domestic scientists. T. Kravtsova, K. Khomenko, M. Mruha and others considered the peculiarities of educational approaches to the formation of professional competence for medical staff. Management capital in the healthcare system was studied by V. Borsch. The information support model for the formation of the leadership professional competence in the healthcare field was proposed by L. Lishtaba.
Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem. Despite the significant scientific achievements of the scholars, there is still no comprehensive research, concerning the development of a universal model for the formation of the leadership professional competence in the healthcare system integrated by levels and forms of education.
Paper main body. The model for the formation of the leadership professional competence in the healthcare field could be considered from the philosophical and socio-economic point of view. The philosophical aspect of the model reflects a dialectical set of forms and methods for influencing the formation of knowledge, skills and abilities, as well as the leaders' capability to act effectively and to achieve results in the healthcare management. The socio-economic aspect of the model means that it is always specified by certain socio-economic conditions of society development, the requirements of the market environment for the leadership professional qualities, and the healthcare system features. The model is implemented through a mechanism, the core of which being the state personnel policy in the healthcare field. Legal, economic and administrative methods of state influence are the means for its implementation, while educational and professional programs of postgraduate education and continuing professional development programs in the healthcare are the implementation forms. The objects of the model are organizational, legal, economic, educational, value-personal subsystems (elements) of the system of formation and development of the leadership professional competence in the healthcare field.
Conclusions and perspectives for further research. Having considered the conceptual apparatus of the system of formation and development of the leadership professional competence in the healthcare field, we can form an idea of its scientific (abstract) structural and functional model. Filling each abstract element of the mechanism for the model implementation with specific content could be the next important step of scientific research.


Various termination models in the radical copolymerization are compared on the basis of available experimental data for the dependence of the initial rate of copolymerization on the composition of the monomer mixture. A diffusion-controlled model seems to be more adequate for the majority of reported data than a chemically controlled one. The potential effect of activity coefficients in calculations of the initial rate of copolymerization is discussed.


An electrostatic rotary atomizer apparatus includes a housing encasing a turbine assembly, a shaping air assembly disposed radially outwardly from the turbine assembly for fluid com munication with a shaping air Supply, and a charge ring mounted to the housing and adapted to be connected to an electrical power Supply. The charge ring has a plurality of electrodes within the housing. Ions emitted by the charge ring are directed through shaping air passages to intersect paint droplets leaving a rotating bell cup.


In this paper, we propose a cooperative framework for spectrum sharing between a secondary random ad hoc network and a primary network with capacity constraint. While the interference from secondary network must satisfy a power constraint, there is no stipulation on its higher order statistics. Considering a generalized Gaussian model for interference, we show that the capacity of a primary link can be improved by increasing the kurtosis of interference. We show that by using power control, the secondary network can increase the kurtosis of its interference and thereby can help the primary links to maintain their minimum capacity constraint. Secondary network is allowed to share the spectrum for a fraction of time proportional to the capacity gain obtained by the primary link. Simulation results show that by cooperation from the secondary network, both secondary and primary networks can achieve their goals in accessing the spectrum and satisfying the capacity constraint.


Pelvic-penetrating injuries are rare but often spectacular and constitute formidable management problems. Most of the patients suffered from organ or vascular damages; however, neurological lesion in combination with pelvic impalement was seldom reported. This paper highlights a unique case of pelvic impalement through the sacrum with cauda equina injury. A 50-year-old construction worker was impaled in the pelvis because of an accidental fall on a steel bar. The surgical treatment of the injury and the medical management of complications are described in detail. The patient made a good recovery, although he has functional deficits related to the concomitant cauda equina injury. Our case emphasizes the importance of appropriate neurological diagnosis when providing no magnetic resonance imaging but a fuzzy x-ray computed tomography because of a metal object in situ and of individualized surgical management during therapeutic process.


The present study aims to investigate the Aluminium oxide and Zirconium diboride particles reinforced aluminum surface composites fabricated using Friction Stir Processing (FSP). Al-6063 was used as base-metal and Aluminium oxide and Zirconium diboride were used as reinforcement media. Al 6063 is used for architectural fabrication; window and door frames, pipe and tubing, and aluminium furniture Tensile strength specimens were prepared as per ASTM –E8 Standard. Tensile strength were found using UTM. Then it is found that that the tensile strength of the composite decreases as the volume percentage of the particles added for the reinforcement increases in the composites.


Combined with Wenzhou south station tation building structure engineeringt,his paper briefly discusses the conception and mechanical characteristics of external prestressingi,ntroduces its technical requirementst,echnical difficulties,process tissues and process control.Practice shows that this construction technology is advancedt,he effectiveness is strongt,he process cohesion is close and its efficiency is higha,nd all of these solve the problems of structural members and the limited of equipment pipe building height.


This article proposes one kind of ultrasonic imaging guided medical robot system with a six-joint arm. This system can detect the real-time space position of the ultrasonic probe by sensors in six joints of the arm. In the microwave ablation liver neoplasm treatment, when the six-joint arm holds the ultrasonic probe to scan on the body surface of a patient, the system's microcomputer can determinate the space position of the ultrasonic probe by the data from various joints' sensors, and make a three dimensional restructuring of the tumor ultrasonic image so as to guide the medical surgical operation. The arm's six joints are assembled in an intersection combination way, which simplifies the calculating and controlling algorithm. The simulation results indicate that this ultrasonic imaging guided medical robot system has a high measuring accuracy and can satisfy the request of ultrasonic image guiding.


The objective of this study was to investigate the use of a fiber optic based sensor, ShapeTape, as an instrument for measuring abdominal and chest deflection, and to compare it to the current instrument used in impact biomechanics applications, the chestband. Drift, pressure, and temperature tests were conducted for ShapeTape alone, whereas quasi-static and dynamic loading tests were conducted as comparison tests between the chestband and ShapeTape. The effects of drift and temperature on ShapeTape were very small, averaging 0.26% and 1.2% full scale changes respectively. During the pressure test at a load of 1000 N the ShapeTape sensor tested experience a 7.47% full scale voltage change. The average errors in reporting maximum deflection of the chest form during the quasi-static loading tests were 3.35% and 1.64% for ShapeTape and the chestband respectively. For the dynamic loading tests, the average error in reporting maximum deflection was 8.60% for the ShapeTape and 10.01% for the chestband. The contour output for the ShapeTape and chestband were both very similar to the video analysis. The data from these tests indicate that ShapeTape provides the same degree of accuracy as the chestband.


This is the report of sacroiliac luxation in a Holstein-Friesian cow, describing the progression of the sacroiliac luxation from the onset of its development with changes in estradiol (E2) and serum chemistry. The high estrogen concentration was assumed to be a predisposing factor of the disease that relaxed the pelvic muscles and a secondary slippery finally caused the sacroiliac luxation. The E2 was present at levels four times higher in the cow with sacroiliac luxation (167 pg/mL) than in normal cows. Above normal levels of creatinine kinase, aspartate aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase were also observed in cow with sacroiliac luxation.


Koto Gadang is a traditional village in Minangkabau, which has produced many Indonesian political figures in the period before and during the early days of Indonesian independence. Koto Gadang scholar is an intellectual figure in Indonesian politics in various schools of thought. This study analyses the thoughts of the intellectuals from Koto Gadang; Yahya Datuk Kayo, Agus Salim, Rohana Kudus, Chalid Salim, and Sutan Syahrir; in Indonesian politics 1930-1950. The study shows that the variety of researchers' viewpoints is impacted by family, social, and instructive natural elements, inside and outside Koto Gadang. Yahya Datuk Kayo in the Koto Gadang environment built his region from various aspects, one of which was marked by the construction of Studiefonds [intellectualship foundations]. Rohana Kudus advances the ladies of Koto Gadang through the woman' abilities school, called Keradjinan Amai Setia. Agus Salim's considerations on Islam and his patriotism about the goals of an autonomous Indonesia. Chalid Salim's writings criticizing the colonial government led to him being arrested and imprisoned, in his actions to defend the workers. Sutan Syahrir grew up outside Koto Gadang, his nationalism was under the influence of socialism through the popular revolution he carried out.


We revisit geophysical diffraction tomography (GDT) and cast it into a stochastic framework, in which the geophysical formation to be imaged is modeled as a realization of a two‐dimensional stationary random process. It is shown that the optimum reconstruction algorithm, in both the cases of offset vertical seismic profiling and well‐to‐well probing, attains a modified filtered backpropagation form.©1994 John Wiley & Sons Inc


The inputloutput WO) subsystem is often the battleneck in high performance computer systems where the CPUIMemnry technology has been pushed to the limit. But recent microprocessor and workstation speeds are beginning to shift the system balance to the point that ID is becoming the bottleneck even in mid-range and low-end systems. In this work. the ID subsystem's impact on system performance is shown by modeling the relative performance of VAX uniprocessors with and without enhancement in the 110 subsystem. Traditional system performance'models were enhanced to include the effect of the U0 subsystem. The parameters modeling the U0 subsystem's effect were identified as DIIo (the number of YO bytes transferred per instruction executed by the CPU), lrN0 (the transfer time per YO byte), and Wq (the waiting time in the YO subsystem). These parameters were measured on a VAX11/780 system by using special purpose hardware and were used to calibrate the enhanced system performance model. It is interesting to note that these measurements indicate that contemporary systems require a factor of eight increase over the U0 bandwidth requirement stated by the Amdhal-Case rule.


Different proposals have been made in recent years to exploit Social Web tagging data to improve recommender systems. The tagging data was used for example to identify similar users or viewed as additional information about the recommendable items. In this work we propose to use tags as a means to express which features of an item users particularly like or dislike. Users would therefore not only add tags to an item but also attach a preference or rating to the tag itself, expressing, for example, whether or not they liked a certain actor in a given movie. Since rating data is in general sparse in commercial recommender applications we also present how to infer the user opinion regarding a certain feature (tag) for a given item automatically. In contrast to previous works, we not only infer the user's general preference for a tag but rather determine this preference in the context of a certain item. An evaluation on the MovieLens data set reveals that our new tag-enhanced recommendation algorithm is slightly more accurate than a recent tag-based recommender even when the explicit tag rating data is 100% sparse, that is, if only derived information can be used.


This paper presents a multi-layer scheme to control a formation of n mobile robots, including a strategy for obstacle avoidance. The controller adopted is able to guide the robots to compose the desired formation and to track a desired trajectory, avoiding obstacles during the navigation. Two planning layers are responsible for organizing the navigation of the individual robots towards the desired formation, minimizing energy consumption, and for changing the robots reference signals in order to avoid collisions. Stability analysis performed for the closed-loop system shows that the formation errors are ultimately bounded. Finally, simulation results for a group of four unicycle-like mobile robots are presented, which show that the proposed scheme is capable of avoiding collisions and of redefining robots' pose in order to improve system performance.


This study explores how engineering concepts are represented in secondary science frameworks across the nation by examining how engineering and technical concepts are infused into current state science frameworks. Data was analyzed and ranked for 49 states and the District of Columbia. Findings reveal that most state science frameworks infuse engineering concepts into their documents under the umbrella of science, technology and society (STS) strands. In only a few expectations have states (e.g. Pennsylvania, Massachusetts, New York, and Vermont) fully integrated engineering concepts into their existing science curricula. Specific suggestions are offered regarding how scientific and technical literacy can together promote a richer experience for all students, and perhaps promote the consideration of STEM careers.


Three experimental observations on 1s excitons in ${\mathrm{Cu}}_{2}$O are not consistent with the picture of the exciton as a simple hydrogenic bound state: the energies of the 1s excitons deviate from the Rydberg formula, the total exciton mass exceeds the sum of the electron and hole effective masses, and the triplet-state excitons lie above the singlet. Incorporating the band structure of the material, we calculate the corrections to this simple picture arising from the fact that the exciton Bohr radius is comparable to the lattice constant. By means of a self-consistent variational calculation of the total exciton mass as well as the ground-state energy of the singlet and the triplet-state excitons, we find excellent agreement with experiment.


This paper is the first in a series to prove the quantifier elimination of dense binary orders theory.The axioms of this theory were given in the language L={≤,R},and found that the theory does not have the property of quantifier elimination in this language,but rather the dense binary orders theory has the property of quantifier elimination in the language L={≤,R,*}.This is proven in the present paper by relating the quantifier elimination of conjunctions of the formulas in the basic set,and by paying attention to conjunctions of same type formulas.


Asteroids have been observed both from the ground and through space missions for decades, which accumulated large amount of their observational data. These data are used to estimate the sizes, orbits, and even possible chemical compositions of asteroids. Even though the chemical composition is generally difficult to be accurately determined without a sample return or in-situ observation by a spacecraft, asteroids are classified based on their reflectance spectra, which are compared with those of meteorites, which are known to be mostly originated from asteroids. This scheme works reasonably well for some asteroid types, but others, mostly featureless ones in reflectance spectra, remained controversial due to the fact that the observational data of asteroids and measured data of meteorites are different in terms of the data coverage, precision and resolution. Our aim is to connect asteroids with meteorites based on sparse modelling in order to search for the optimal integration scheme for two different databases without relying on preliminary knowledge. For the above purpose, we develop large databases of asteroids and meteorites for easy application of sparse modelling. Through our analyses including principal component analysis, Bayesian spectral deconvolution and dimensionality reduction, we found that our data-driven approach can extract potential information without using empirical knowledge. Our methods show a new type of data handling scheme for asteroid and meteorite data, potentially having a significant contribution for future missions.


Finding similar patents is a challenging task in patent information retrieval. A patent application is often a starting point to find similar inventions. Keyword search for similar patents requires significant domain expertise and may not fetch relevant results. We propose a novel representation for patents and use a two stage approach to find similar patents. Each patent is represented as an IPC class vector. Citation network of patents is used to propagate these vectors from a node (patent) to its neighbors (cited patents). Thus, each patent is represented as a weighted combination of its IPC information as well as of its neighbors. A query patent is represented as a vector using its IPC information and similar patents can be simply found by comparing this vector with vectors of patents in the corpus. Text based search is used to re-rank this solution set to improve precision. We experiment with two similarity measures and re-ranking strategies to empirically show that our representation is effective in improving both precision and recall of queries of CLEF-2011 dataset.


Objective In order to provide theoretical and experimental basis for treatment of TBI,we reproduced Marmarou's closed brain injury model,and observed the location,time series of the CC chemokine's receptor CCR2 following closed brain injury in rats through immunohistochemistry stain and tissue microarray.Methods Mature male SD rats were divided randomly into normal control group,sham operation control group and injury group which subdivided into 1h,2h,4h,8h,12h,24h,48h,72h and 5d group according to the time elapsed after injury..Through hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and Einarson staining,observed the pathological change of brain after injury. The expression of CCR2 in cortex,hippocampus and brain stem were approached by issue array and immunohistochemistry. A number of positive cells were measured by Mias 2000. All the data were treated statistically with SPSS 11.5 for windows.Results The expression of CCR2 was increased at the beginning of closed brain injury. After injury for 4th hour,the expression of CCR2 increased progressively in cortex of parietal lobe,hippocampus and brain istem,reached the peak level at 24th hour and retained till the 72nd hour,then decreased progressively to the normal level after brain injury for 5 days. Conclusion The dynamic expression of CCR2 had an important role in the pathophysiological processes following brain injury,indicating the expression of CCR2 play a important role on regulation of closed traumatic brain injury.


This paper introduces in details a new kind of summer cool quilts characteristic of moisture absorbable,breathable and antibiotic,and made of Outlast acrylic fiber,bamboo pulp fiber and moisture absorbable and breathable polyester fiber and designed in special structure.Concrete technical points in the production of the quilts are given.


In an era of scarce resources, how can we best target prevention activities and screening? This month, Simms and colleagues address this question in an editorial exploring the potential contribution of geographic information systems (GIS) to sexual health research. This is a perennial problem, but new technologies may hold potential for improved targeting of resources without compromising confidentiality. This is definitely worth a read for colleagues working with commissioners to plan their services. The British Association for Sexual Health and HIV (BASHH) has revised its standards for the management of sexually transmitted infections, originally published in collaboration with the Medical Foundation for HIV and Sexual Health in 2010. Lowbury and Ahmed-Jushuf introduce this new edition in this month's BASHH column. The role of experience and training in diagnostic skills is a constant concern for clinicians, both senior and junior. Morris and colleagues present an interesting study which assesses the relationship between clinical experience and the diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease, which will provide food for thought for those responsible for training junior doctors in sexual health. We try to use our Education column to address issues that go beyond the guidelines. This month, Herbert et al address the practicalities and regulatory framework for notification of infectious diseases with special reference to the UK. A range of infection syndromes, systematic and local, present to genitourinary medicine clinics. It is important not to miss HIV—but equally important to facilitate appropriate action if an infectious disease with nonsexual modes of transmission presents. The epidemiology of high and low risk HPV subtypes in Sub-Saharan Africa is addressed by Olesen et al in a systematic review who found large variation in prevalence. HPV prevalence prior to vaccination in the USA is addressed by Introcaso et al, in a report on seropositivity to vaccine types using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Condom use remains hard to assess, a self-reported variable. We were interested to read a study assessing semen exposure using Y chromosome detection, in relation to risk of pregnancy. The study suggests that under-reporting of semen exposure is itself associated with a higher risk of pregnancy. Heterosexual anal sex is a common, but probably under-ascertained behaviour associated with vulnerability to STI and HIV. Ladd et al report the potential for internet facilitated rectual self-testing for young female heterosexuals. While not a solution on its own, this may have a place in STI services. Sex workers remain key populations in their different ways across the world. This month we explore STI and HIV among female sex workers in Mongolia and male sex workers in Glasgow, UK. Other topics include the relationship between mobility and HIV risk, seroadaptive behaviours, sexual risk typologies in young African Americans and HIV couples testing in China. I hope you enjoy this month's selection —do get in touch with your suggestions for commissions and developments you would like to see in the journal.


Abstract : The Navy Underwater Sound Laboratory in conjunction with Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory of Columbia University, conducted bottom loss measurements under the PARKA II experiment, at the proposed site for the SPIDER Array, north of Hawaii. These measurements were conducted during two separate cruises from 14 to 25 September and 1 to 8 November 1969. The source ship (R/V CONRAD) detonated 500 and 11,000 foot explosives and the receiving ship (USNS SANDS T-AGOR-6) used a single hydrophone suspended to approximately 11,000 ft. This memorandum discusses these cruises. (Author)


For the first time, CMOS inverters with different numbers of vertically stacked junctionless (JL) nanosheets (NSs) are demonstrated. All fabrication steps were below 600 °C, and 8-nm thick poly-Si NSs with smooth surface roughness were formed by a dry etching process. Compared to single channel devices, stacked n/p-channel FETs exhibit higher on-current with low leakage current. Furthermore, a common-gate process was performed for the fabrication of CMOS inverters. By adjusting the NS layer numbers for n/pFETs, respectively, the voltage transfer characteristics (VTCs) of the CMOS inverter can be matched much better to reduce the noise margin due to on-current matching without area penalty. This work experimentally demonstrates a new configuration of CMOS inverters on stacked NSs, which is promising for System-on-Panel (SoP) and 3D-ICs applications.


Selective activators and inhibitors of insulin signaling cascades in mammalian cells were tested for their effects on insulin stimulated steroidogenesis by ovaries of Aedes aegypti. Bovine insulin in the concentration range of 1.7 μ Mt o 85μM stimulated ecdysteroidogenesis in vitro. Pervanadate, an inhibitor of tyrosine kinase phosphatase, stimulated ecdysteroid production at concentrations of 250 μM to 1 mM. Okidaic acid, a serine/threonine phosphatase inhibitor, stimulated steroidogenesis with an ED50 of 77.39 nM. A selective inhibitor of tyrosine kinase activity, HNMPA-(AM3), inhibited ecdysteroid production with an IC 50 of 14.2 μM. Two selective inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, wortmannin and LY294002, inhibited ecdysteroid production at low concentrations (IC50 =1.6 nM and 30 nM, respectively). These concentrations are similar to those inhibiting insulin action in mammalian cells. A selective inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase, PD098059, had no effect on ecdysteroid production even up to 100 μM. Thus, insulin stimulation of ecdysteroid production by ovaries in vitro appears to be controlled by the tyrosine kinase activity of the mosquito insulin receptor and the signaling cascade involving phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and protein kinase B. © 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.


The Reynolds stress turbulence model has been investigated for more than 15 years. However, it has not been used widely in comparison with the k-e model. One reason is that Reynolds equations are unstable because of the Eulerian characteristics and thus it is necessary to introduce a stabilizing procedure in solving the equations. I studied the applicability of the TVD scheme, which has been used successfully in compressible flow calculations, for incompressible Reynolds stress turbulence model calculations. A zero pressure-gradient turbulent boundary layer on a flat plate was calculated using the TVD scheme. It was found that the TVD scheme contributes to the stabilization of the calculation, especially in the case where the spatial resolution is not sufficient.


CNS involvement is frequent and occurs in 60% to 75% of cases. Disseminated HSV disease can present with fulminant hepatitis and often leads to rapidly progressive multiorgan failure. In the absence of antiviral therapy, mortality is high (~85%). Besides the liver and adrenal gland, HSV can involve other organs. Death in disseminated HSV infection results from severe coagulopathy, liver failure and pulmonary disease. The diagnosis of neonatal HSV disease is made by isolation of HSV by culture. Specimens from skin lesions (if present), conjunctiva, oropharynx, rectum, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), urine and blood should be submitted for viral culture. Skin and conjunctival cultures consistently provide the greatest yields regardless of disease classification, with 90% of cultures being positive. If skin vesicles are present, direct fluorescent antibody staining is very helpful, although viral culture is more sensitive and considered the gold standard. Detection of HSV in CSF by polymerase chain reaction has revolutionised the diagnosis of CNS disease. Intravenous acyclovir is the treatment of choice for neonatal HSV disease. Duration of therapy is 21 days for disseminated or CNS disease, and 14 days for infants with SEM disease. Early treatment with acyclovir has been reported to decrease the mortality of disseminated HSV disease from 85% to 25%. Neurologic morbidity occurs in 17% of survivors of disseminated disease and in 69% of survivors with CNS disease. Early recognition of neonatal disseminated HSV disease is a challenge as the clinical presentation often mimics bacterial sepsis, skin vesicles can be absent in up to 20% of cases, and most women with genital HSV infection during pregnancy are asymptomatic. Disseminated HSV infection should be considered in infants with sepsis syndrome and severe liver dysfunction. Neonatal enterovirus infection can present with fulminant hepatitis with fatal outcome. Cytomegalovirus and adenovirus can rarely present with severe hepatitis in the newborn. Noninfectious etiologies of fulminant hepatic failure in the neonate include metabolic disorders, hemochromatosis and giant cell hepatitis. In conclusion, the differential diagnosis of hepatitis in an ill appearing neonate should include HSV infection. Liver transaminase levels should be measured in acutely ill neonates, as their elevation could suggest disseminated HSV infection. Early recognition and prompt initiation of acyclovir therapy are critical to reduce the morbidity and mortality from this grave disease.


Abstract Recently, a parallel pathway model to describe ankle dynamics was proposed.This model provides a relationship between ankle angle and net ankle torque asthe sum of a linear and nonlinear contribution. A technique to identify parame-ters of this model in discrete-time has been developed. However, these param-eters are a nonlinear combination of the continuous-time physiology, makinginsight into the underlying physiology impossible. The stable and accurate esti-mation of continuous-time parameters is critical for accurate disease modeling,clinical diagnosis, robotic control strategies, development of optimal exerciseprotocols for longterm space exploration, sports medicine, etc.This paper explores the development of a system identification techniqueto estimate the continuous-time parameters of ankle dynamics. The effective-ness of this approach is assessed via simulation of a continuous-time model ofankle dynamics with typical parameters found in clinical studies. The resultsshow that although this technique improves estimates, it does not provide ro-bust estimates of continuous-time parameters of ankle dynamics. Due to thiswe conclude that alternative modeling strategies and more advanced estimationtechniques be considered for future work.1


1Research Scholar, Bharathiar University, India, 2Asst. Professor (SG), Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, India, 3Professor, Department of Information Technology, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, India, firstname.lastname@example.com -------------------------------------------------------------------------***-------------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract: The objective of the proposed algorithm is to select the attribute's rank index based on the involvements of the same in data set; identifying the global and local outline of entire data set. Because the attributes in data set, number of cluster and outline object are major intervention decide the accuracy of each clusters. The attribute ranking of proposed method automate the number of clusters and the center of the cluster. The uniqueness of the algorithm is exhibited in maintaining complete set of attributes without eliminating the low ranked attribute which are required for predictive analysis and in grouping the outline data set as clusters. The dynamited and improved version of MPSKM algorithm reduces the Sum of Square Error and number of iteration in cluster formation. The work shows the significant reduction in number of iteration in cluster formation and identifying the outline in data set based on rank index technique. The algorithm very well suited for the data set required periodical analysis and influences of attribute varies in each period of subset. The algorithm applied and tested on four years of Weather data set.


From August 29 to September 2,2005, Ms. Louise Arbour, the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, visited China and gave our staff reporters an exclusive interview. Following is her viewpoints on human rights.


A Roman insription of the municipium Tritium Magallum (Tricio, La Rioja), dedicated to Lucius Memmius Probus, is the only epigraphical document of the Antiquity in which a grammarian's salary is mentioned. This study modifies the traditional reading given to the inscription, compares this one with the earnings related to some other jobs and values the initiatives of local governments to promote public teaching centres.


During two years of study in Britain,Natsume Soseki learned more about the nature of capitalist civilization.He reflected on himself and Japan's overall "civilization" and had a more sober understanding of the ingrained bad habit of the Japanese.After he came back to Japan,he made a deep reflection on Japan's overall westernization and criticized it mercilessly in a series of his works.


The karst regions such as External Dinarides of Croatia are characterized by a specific geological framework and composition that leads commonly to a problem of selecting a landfill location. These terrains are mostly composed of carbonate rocks with various karst features developed like carren, sink holes, swallow holes, caves, caverns, etc. Such terrains must be carefully observed when deciding on a location for landfill, because nearly total precipitation penetrates underground. Related to the objective, the selection of a location with lower permeability is extremely important because of a permanent possibility of polluting the ground waters and spring areas which people use for drinking water supply. An example described in this paper is related to a location about 40 km north of Split (Croatia). For the exploration of karst regions for the above mentioned purpose air photographs and highresolution satellite images were found to be extremely useful. We used aerial photos and we registered numerous geological and structural features unknown before. In order to complement photo geological data and to define the structural framework below the surface, a geophysical survey was carried out: geoelectrical sounding and profiling, refractive seismic profiling and geoelectrical tomography. Exploration drilling, drill-logging and tracing of ground water flows are in progress. The results obtained directly influenced the selection of the location for the municipal landfill, as well as on the construction of the dump, taking into consideration the maximum level of protection of the ground waters from pollution.


In this work we present an audio data compression software package which uses a Discrete Wavelet Transform based compression procedure. The used wavelet function can be chosen from the well known Daubechies class of compactly supported wavelets. Our implementation uses an adaptive manner for the wavelet domain threshold value computation. The package has two major components: a compression software which reads a standard audio data file and the reconstruction software which reads a compressed file and generates a standard audio file. Experimental results are also presented. I. DATA COMPRESSION WITH WAVELETS Data compression is a very largely used procedure for data storage purposes. There exist a large variety of compression algorithms, many of them standardised and each of them having its advantages and its backdraws. They offers speed, high compression ratio, portability etc., but there is not a single algorithm which best fit to all kind of applications. They were classified in two major categories, the first includes the ones for compression without loss and the second one includes those for compression with loss. All the algorithms have the same purpose, to reduce the information redundancy from the considered data set, but those from the first class allow a perfect reconstruction while those from the second class does not. Those procedures which allow small information losses can achieve higher compression ratio, but they can not be utilised in applications where the data set integrity is primordial (for file compression for example). This second class includes various voice and image compression algorithms. In this work we present a complete audio compression/decompression software package, which implements an algorithm from this second class, which exploits a very popular orthogonal transform named the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), [1], [2]. The topics of the wavelet transforms and their properties had been studied very extensively by the authors in the context of various data compression and signal to noise (SNR) enhancement scenarios, [3], [4], [5], [6], [7]. Our software realises the compression of the Nyquist sampled music or speech signal by using this orthogonal transform, which has a strong decorrelation effect on these signal samples. In this way we will have, in the transform domain, many zeroes or very small values, which can be neglected, achieving the desired compression. The DWT was proposed due to its speed (faster than the FFT) and to its whitening properties superior to the decorrelation properties of other well known transforms, [1], [2], (for example the Discrete Cosine Transform DCT, which was included in a series of compression standards). II. THE DATA COMPRESSION SYSTEM The principle of our implementation is presented in figure 1. Figure 1. The wavelet compression system The input sequence consist of a series of PCM coded speech signal samples. These samples are encoded in an either 8 or 16 bit/sample format. In fact our software can accept as input a standard audio data file, in the well known wave format (*.wav files), which contains either mono or stereo sound in the above mentioned PCM format. The first block in figure 1 produces a speech dynamic compression. The input-output relation of this block is: [ ] [ ] ( ) 15 log 2 ˆ 2 15 − ⋅ = n x n x (1) where was exploited the facts that the samples x[n] are in PCM format, having the first bit as the sign bit (set to 1 if the sample value is positive and to 0 if is not) and that these values are distributed around the value zero, which is represented in this format by the hexadecimal number λ x[n] y[n] ] [̂n x ] [̂n y u[n] ( ) ⋅ 2 log DWT 1000H. This value correspond to 2 in the decimal form. Thus, all the values log2(x[n]), computed as floating numbers with double precision, will be around the decimal value 15. For the reason to have centred numbers, the decimal number 15 is substracted. By multiplying with 2, we realise a linear rescaling of the obtained values. This sequence [ ] n x̂ is applied to the DWT block, which computes its Discrete Wavelet Transform. This computation is done according to the fast DWT algorithm proposed by Daubechies, [1]. This procedure acts on power of two length data blocks. For this reason, the input data set is segmented in blocks with the length of NR=4096 samples. So, the input data stream is handled block by block. The used wavelet's mother function is one of the Daubechies type noted Dau-N, [1], where N indicates its order, which ranges from 2 to 10. This number is the value which is required as second argument option (the first required argument is a name of a type *.wav file) in the command line, which is optional, by default it is initialised as N=10. Our experimentation shows that in the case of the Nyquist sampled speech signal the higher is the wavelet order the achieved compression ratio is higher. At the output of this block, we obtain a NR=4096 length double precision floating values sequence, y[n]. It contains an important number of zeroes or very small values. This sequence is passed through a non-linear adaptive threshold system. This system discards all the input sequence values, which are with the magnitude smaller than a given threshold, named λ. This threshold is chosen in an adaptive manner. The main problem in choosing this value is given by the fact that this operation causes the losses of information. It is widely known that in the field of speech processing the human ear is not very L. A suitable measure for good quality have not been developed yet for neither speech, vision nor smell. A good measure is still to be developed. For this reason objective measures were utilised in this work by enabling users to specify the minimum signal power to distortions power ratio, with the recommen-dation that this value do not have to decrease under the value 100. In fact this is the default value used for this parameter. Using this value, the program computes and uses for each input data block, the appropriate λ value. The last block in figure 1 is a linear 8 bit/sample quantifier which encodes the sequence of non-discarded values [ ] n ŷ . The result is a 8 bit/non-discarded transform domain sample value sequence u[n], which posses the main quantity of the remained information. This sequence is stored. III. THE COMPRESSED FILE STRUCTURE We have seen that at the output of the compression system presented in figure 1. we obtain the 8 bit/sample sequence u[n], which is much more shorter than the input block (one sequence u[n] for each 4096 sample length input block). Only the knowledge of this sequence values is not enough for the speech sequence reconstruction. In fact we have retained a set of non-zero values from a larger ordered set (the sequence [ ] n ŷ ). For the reconstruction we need to know also the positions of these non-zero values in this sequence. There are various possibilities to do this. Our experimentation shows that in the case of very short sequences u[n] the [position; sequence value] data structure is recommended for storage. This is the case of oversampled input sequences x[n]. But we intend to use our software for the case of Nyquist sampled speech signals, when the above storage structure do not fit well. This is the reason why we adopted the following compressed file structure: 1. The sampling frequency of 4 bytes length 2. First Block header structure of 5 bytes length 3. The index vector of the data index vector of 16 bytes length 4. The data index vector nonzero sequence values of variable size length 5. The nonzero quantified data sequence values of variable size length 2. Second Block header structure of 5 bytes length 3. The index vector of the data index vector of 16 bytes length


Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) or Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is an acute febrile disease accompanied by internal bleeding that has a tendency to cause shock or convulsions and can cause death, generally this disease attacks children younger than age. than 15 years.The method used in this study is a survey method which was conducted by distributing questionnaires and direct interviews to respondents with a case control approach. From the research survey of 198 respondents, there were 18 respondents (9.1%) who experienced the incidence of DHF and 180 respondents (90.9%) who did not. There is an analysis between the implementation of 4M Plus and the incidence of DHF in the working area of the Semen Health Center because the p-value Sig. 0.000 < 0.05, which means that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted, then there is a relationship between the application of 4M plus and the incidence of DHF. The better the implementation of 4M plus, the lower the incidence of DHF, conversely if the implementation of 4M plus is not good, the higher the incidence of DHF.


We will determine the ring structure of the Hochschild cohomology HH∗(ℤSD 8l) of the integral group ring of the semidihedral group SD8l of order 8l for arbitrary integer l ≥ 2 by giving the precise description of the integral cohomology ring H∗(SD 8l, ℤ) and by using a method similar to [T. Hayami, Hochschild cohomology ring of the integral group ring of the semidihedral 2-group, Algebra Colloq. 18 (2011) 241–258].


The nucleating activity of antimony catalyst remnants on the melt crystallization of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) is proved through comparisons, for samples with Sb concentrations in the range 180-1850 ppm, of the crystallization behaviors before and after a complete extraction of the catalyst remnants. These comparisons are performed by analysis of the crystallization peaks of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), by the study of the isothermal crystallization kinetics from X-ray diffraction experiments, and by optical microscopy observations of the size of the spherulites. The dependence of the crystallization temperature (Tc, as evaluated by the position of the DSC peak) on the Sb concentration, reported in the literature, is shown to be largely overestimated. In particular, it is found that the Tc of commercial samples are essentially unaffected by the presence of the standard concentrations of Sb catalyst remnants. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


The invention relates to a magnesium alloy brazing filler metal containing a rare-earth element Er and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of magnesium alloy connection. The magnesium alloy brazing filler metal comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 40-55% of Mg, 39-55% of Zn, 1-5% of Al and 0.1-1.5% of Er, wherein the Er is uniformly distributed.The preparation method comprises the steps of arranging alloy ingots in a preheat crucible, heating under protective atmosphere and mechanical stirring, fishing slag after the alloy ingots are completely fused, stopping heating brazing filler metal, stirring the brazing filler metal, applying ultrasonic waves on the fused brazing filler metal after the brazing filler metal is cooled to 380-600 DEG C, inserting an ultrasonic rod preheated to 300-700 DEG C into a brazing filler metal liquid level with the ultrasonic frequency of 18-22kHz, ultrasonic intensity of 0.5-5W/cm2 and the time of 10-150s, standing still after moving out the ultrasonic rod after ending, pouring the brazing filler metal liquid into a mould and air cooling to room temperature. The number of dendritic crystals of the obtained product is obviously reduced, crystal grains are refined, and the strength and the toughness are improved.


Programming is a difficult task that requires the creation of new ideas, thinking, and creative skills. The study, therefore, aimed to strengthen BASIC's programming skills to guide and mentor students at Veritas University Abuja, Nigeria. The researchers assessed students' interest in computer usage and gender differences. The study adopted the group that controls most, the experimental structure. 100 and 200 level undergraduate students are selected on a well-equipped computer and existing Computer lecturers are deliberately chosen at the University. Two non-static classes with 50 students are periodically assigned to the Experimental (25) and Control (25) groups. The treatment lasted six weeks. The instruments used were descendants of Undergraduate Students 'graduates towards the Question nailing Usage Questionnaire and Programming Skills Performance with the reliable coefficient of 0.78 and 0.88, respectively. Data were obtained from covariance analysis, with a significance level of 0.05. More than half of the participants were female (62%). Treatment had a significant impact on students in the language of BASIC Programming F = 36.385; p < 0.05. Also, students' interest in computer use has little effect on students F = 2.109; p > 0.05. Performance BASIC programming skills F = 0.021; p > 0.05. A computer-based teaching strategy has been developed to improve student performance and revitalize student interest in computer use and programming at Veritas University Abuja. Computer educators should adopt a computer-based teaching strategy in teaching computer programming in ICT education to enhance students' writing skills. Also, the design emphasizes the need to continue to use new techniques such as computer teaching techniques to simplify and improve the delivery of instruction.


The modern era of globalization creates specific socio-ecological conditions for the existence of the world human community, which, in turn, determine the singularity of the epidemiological behaviour of many infectious diseases. The year 2020 has challenged the humanity with a pandemic that is rapidly spreading around the world. Global relations are fraught with global epidemiological problems. Such manifestations of globalization as intensified international migration of population, roaring international trade in agricultural products, domestic and wild animals and birds, food, raw materials and goods, development of high-speed transport, turn the world into a single global socio-ecological epidemiological system, in which all processes are interconnected and mutually dependent. The purpose of the paper is to study and analyse the system of institutional regulation of the health system in the context of a pandemic. The study used such methods as the analysis method, analogies, comparisons, observations, as well as statistical methods to analyse various indicators necessary for research. Using the above methods, a large amount of literature, legislation, regulatory and institutional regulations on this issue was analyzed, some existing indicators were summarized, and a conclusion was made about the process of institutional regulation in an unfavourable epidemiological situation. As a result of the study, based on a large number of official documents, it was concluded that measures were taken in the Russian Federation to counteract the active spread of a new coronavirus infection. Implementation of the state policy for preventing the spread of the pandemic resulted in no high mortality rate from new coronavirus infection compared to other world states. It should be noted that due to the Federal structure of the country, the heads of regions independently decide on the regulation of mechanisms to counter the spread of infection on the territory of the subject, in this regard, it is not possible to promptly update information on the effectiveness of the measures taken. Currently, the risk-based approach described in the article is a mechanism for studying the epidemiological situation, which allows determining the risk factors that affect it and, on this basis, to rank epidemiological problems by their degree of importance. Due to the fact that the pandemic as a new virus was an unexpected risk, the clinical picture remains blurred, but the institutional form of state regulation is fused to protect the rights of citizens to health care under conditions of the pandemic.


Emotional intelligence is an important issue which has been concerned by the Psychologies and foreign business management in recent years. Today more and more People have realized that employee with general IQ and skills can get high Performance too. High IQ and skills is not necessary condition to high performance. But, if employee is the general good at dealing with interpersonal relationship, his job Performance would be high. When company recruits and trains, emotional intelligence is regarding more and more. Like as IQ, emotional intelligence (namely EQ) is a capability, is one kind of potential to create profit. But, as we know, capability itself doesn't create values directly, creating values needs to act. This paper adds citizenship behavior variable as modulation in order to find the mechanism that EI influences performance. Through empirical research, we find that citizenship behavior is mediator between EI and performance. This solution is important value to propel management theory and to guide concrete practice.


In this paper,based on the animal evolution theory, two people and two sides incomplete information games are changed into n times repeat games.According to a relation between every two times games,and through the structural relation of G=(1nni=1 a ij )/(ni=1nj=1 p iE(X(n),Y(n))q j), A simulation algorithm of Nash eqilibrium is presented.


The article briefly describes a radiation accident at the U.S. Department of Energy`s Oak Ridge National Laboratory. A blast of pressurized steam erupted from an in situ vitrification test pit and sprayed radioactive molten glass at the site. The accident occurred on April 21, 1996. Environmental impacts and potential cause of the accident causes are briefly summarized.


By integrating optical and photometrical simulation directly into CAD/CAM software, OPTIS presents an innovative solution which answers the global design needs on complex shapes, making optical, thermal, mechanical and cinematic functionalities communicate with each other. The OptisWorks solution, integrated in SolidWorks from Dassault Systèmes, opens up access to a multitude of applications to optical engineers, from analysis of optical performance, stray light analysis, and at the same time putting into a virtual context the final opto-mechanical system under constraint, which now becomes an integral part of the final assembly. The Optical Design solution inside OptisWorks enables the creation of optical components dedicated to imaging (lenses, mirrors, diaphragms) and their insertion directly in the CAD environment. After having added an optical source and a detection surface plane, the user can analyze the optical performances of his/her imaging system: spot size, wave front default, MTF, etc. The results of these analyses are comparable to what dedicated optical design software can offer. The user can then launch an optimization or a tolerancing of their opto-mechanical system. CAD integration also offers other physical simulation tools available with SolidWorks: thermal, tolerancing, cinematic, interference detection, etc. For example it is possible, using the thermal simulation model, to take into account dilation of opto-mechanical elements right from the optical design phase, and to determine their influence on optical performances. This innovation naturally leads onto a change in the methodologies of designing optical imaging systems which are now open to the CAD world. By integrating optics right at the start of the design process, enables designers to arrive quicker at a solution which will fully meet all the criteria and specifications requested, and no longer in isolation to each specification.


AIMS
To develop a theory that explains students and registered nurses' behaviours when caring for culturally and linguistically diverse patients'.

BACKGROUND
Despite ongoing calls for improvements to the quality of patient care, the continued reports of substandard care to patients from diverse cultural and linguistic backgrounds are concerning.

METHODS
A classic grounded theory methodology incorporating focus groups (n-10) and individual interviews (n-30) with students and registered nurses in one region of Ireland.

FINDINGS
Participants resolved their main concern of uncertainty through disengagement (masking, distancing and fitting in), which was sustained by resigned indifference, resulting in gaps in care. Resigned indifference explains how participants were aware of the consequences of disengagement, but became resigned and accepting of substandard care.

CONCLUSION
This study explains how nurses want to provide quality care, but gaps in care to culturally and linguistically diverse patients' are perpetuated through resigned indifference.

IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT
Nurse Managers need to understand nurses' behaviours as a means of supporting collective ways of addressing gaps in care for culturally and linguistically diverse patients. Strategic leadership in developing culturally responsive structures is essential. Nurturing nursing values such as; commitment, compassion, and courage through education and leadership is a priority. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


To study the relationship of Locus of Control and mental health,331 athletes were investigated with "ANSIE","SCL-90" and "CSAI-2",it was found:the average score of ANSIE was no difference between male and female,and some factors of SCL-90 (somatic abnormality,interpersonal sensitivity,depression and anxiety) was significant difference in gender;compared with those inclined to introversive control,the athletes with extroversive control had more mental symptoms,higher level of state anxiety and lower level of mental health;extroversive control and introversive control has influence on mental health,which locus of control and gender were relatively independent effects.


This study explores the initial career motives and demotivation of novice English teachers in Korea. A questionnaire survey was conducted with 63...


The air pollution inside a building has become a big problem for a modern society that people spend most of their days inside. In this paper, We tried to resolve the problem by developing a photocatalysts highly active inside. A photocatalyst is in fact not suitable for indoor use because it only reacts under strong ultraviolet rays in general. Furthermore, the price of such photocatalysts is still highly expensive to adopt in massive quantity for an indoor finishing material even though it has been priced down from number of studies operated until present. In order to solve problems, the attempts to bring out the certain level of reactions even under weak level of ultraviolet rays by adding Ni and Zn, the transition elements were made in this examination. Moreover, KA100 that is fairly economical among commercialized products is used as a precursor to lower the price and improved the characteristics of photocatalysts through a simple process of heating. Therefore, the experiments were varied with different rates of adding Ni and Zn to KA100 and temperatures for the combination of a photocatalysts and transition elements.


Abstract The success of thermoplastic matrix composites depends upon the development of economical methods of impregnation. The purpose of this work was to develop and understand an economical impregnation procedure using a slurry based powder technology. An impregnation and preheating line consisting of a fiber tensioner, a slurry bath, a drying heater, a coating heater, and a fiber winder was used to make resin coated fibers. The influence of the process parameters on the impregnation, preheating, coating, and consolidation were studied. Part I of this paper presents the experimental investigation of the impregnation and preheating stages of the process together with a preheating model. Luikov's coupled equations of heat and mass transfer were used to model the heating and drying of the tow in the preheater. The predictions of the preheating and drying model are compared to the experimentally obtained results.


Method for controlling an imaging a printing forme carrier for a printing machine, are stored in the first image data for an order-related subject, second image data representative of a plurality of applicable to the printing presses respective sets of print control elements to be stored, third image data from registers, - folding and cutting marks are stored provided by disposition of an order for a particular printing machine one of the sets selected print control elements, its location is determined along with the location of the order-related, selected third image data on the printing form carrier and the printing form carrier with the first and the selected second and third image data is imaged.


Dear Sir,

cold-agglutinin-induced autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA) can be a therapeutic challenge1, for which rituximab has been used with favourable results2–4. We report on two patients with refractory AIHA due to cold antibodies who were successfully treated with anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody in our institution.


This article describes an innovative one-day workshop based upon trauma-informed exposure and narrative approaches. It discusses the aims, development and structure of the workshop, as well as future considerations for delivering a creative intervention to suit community needs.


Some speakers use different forms when training a speech recognizer than when speaking spontaneously to the device—this could be called "enrollment diglossia." As a preliminary study of this phenomenon, we compared selected phonological and prosodic features of spontaneous speech to read and recited versions of the same sentences and paragraphs. Three subjects were interviewed and were later asked to read or memorize and recite, at various nominal rates, portions of the material that they had originally spoken spontaneously. We made detailed measurements of /t/ allophonics, speech rate, and the forms of certain words. For some speakers, there are considerable differences between spontaneous and prepared renditions; e.g., one speaker produced 45% vs 18% of /t/s as flaps, another speaker varies local speech rate and produces more nonsyntactic pauses in spontaneous paragraphs, and one speaker invokes "fast speech" forms at slower speech rates for spontaneous speech than for prepared speech. [Work supported b...


Part 1 Activity theory basics: introduction activity theory and human-computer interaction, Bonnie A. Nardi activity theory as a potential framework for human-computer interaction research, Kari Kuutti computer-mediated activity - functional organs in social and developmental contexts, Victor Kaptelinin studying context - a comparison of activity theory, situated action models and distributed cognition, Bonnie A. Nardi activity theory - implications for human-computer interaction, Victor Kaptelinin. Part 2 Activity theory in practical design: introduction designing educational technology - computer-mediated change, R.K.E. Bellamy applying activity theory to video analysis - how to make sense of video data in HCI, Susanne Bodker tamed by a rose - computers as tools in human activity, Ellen Christiansen joint attention and co-construction of tasks - new ways to foster user-designed collaboration, Arne Raeithel and Boris M. Velichkovsky some reflections on the application of activity theory, Bonnie A. Nardi. Part 3 Activity theory - theoretical development: introduction activity theory and the view from somewhere - team perspectives on the intellectual work of programming, Dorothy Holland and James R. Reeves developing activity theory - the zone of proximal development and beyond, Vladimir P. Zinchenko mundane tool or object of affection? the rise and fall of the postal buddy, Yrjo Engestrom and Virginia Escalante epilogue, Bonnie A. Nardi.


The purpose of the study was to understand and to compare the socio economic status of between sports high achievers of Mangalore University. The study tried to find out whether there is any significant difference in the socio economic status of All India inter university participants in track & field event and weight lifting. For this purpose researcher selected 25 sports person of track & field and 25 weight lifters who participated in All India Inter University level representing Mangalore University. Subjects were selected using Simple Random Sampling Method for this study. The research Scholar selected socio economic status Scale for the study. Questionnaire developed by National Psychological Corporation, Agra made by Rajbir Singh, Radhey Shyam and Satish Kumar. In this present study Arithmetic mean, standard deviation and t-test were used to compare the data. There were no much difference found in socio economic status of track & field athletes and weight lifters.


In communication sector always the major factor was the medium. The change was so rapid that no one realized when the pigeon has become electrons. It is really thought provoking that how nanotechnology brings out revolutions in telecommunication as well as computing and networking industries. Forthcoming developments in nanotechnology through which the impossible can be made possible are nanomaterials with novel optical, electrical, and magnetic properties, compact as well as fast non-silicon based chipsets for processors, quantum computing and DNA computing, development of telecom switches which are fast and reliable, micro-electro-mechanical systems and above all the development of imaging and microscopic systems with high resolution. So for these reasons it is not futile to examine the broad range of nanotechnology and the revolutions made by it in the field of telecommunications. Hence a detailed account of the types of communications and the recent development in this field is essential. The term 'nanotechnology' covers a very broad range of entities and industrial applications. This paper focuses on key principles and issues, cross referencing other sources for detailed information, rather than attempting a comprehensive account of the science.


Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) plants with severe leaf mosaic and mottling were found in a kitchen garden near cotton fields in Pakistan. Rolling Circle Amplification products from six of the naturally infected eggplant plants, subjected to PCR, successfully amplified expected products of 2.8 and 1.4 kb using begomovirus and betasatellite-specific primers, respectively. Based on 99% nucleotide sequence identity, the virus was identified as a variant of Cotton leaf curl Burewala virus (CLCuBuV) (GenBank Accession No. HG428709). Likewise, the sequenced betasatellite with a maximum of 97% nucleotide sequence identity was recognized as a new variant of Cotton leaf curl Multan betasatellite (CLCuMuB Mul ) (GenBank Accession No. HG428708). The symptomatic induction of Cotton leaf curl disease in CLCuBuV susceptible cotton genotype CIM-496 by back-indexing further confirmed the presence of CLCuBuV in eggplant. This is the first report of CLCuBuV and its associate betasatellite in naturally infected plants of eggplant.


Objective:To observe cardiomyoprotective role with cardiomyopeptide in complicated congenital heart disease operation.Methods:We observed the 63 cases(male 33 cases, female 30 cases) of patients whose age was from 11 months to 12 year-old with complicated congenital heart disease divided including 43 cases of TOF,11cases of DORV,9 cases of C-ECD. They were randomly divided into two groups , cardiomyopeptide treatment group and GIK(10% GS 200ml + 50% GS 100ml + RI 10 U) control group which had been infused in operation and for 3 days postoperation with the dosage of 3mg/kg cardiomyopeptide and routine GIK. The blood samples were obtained before aortic block,at 6,12, 24,48,72h of post-reinfusion, and the myocardial zymogram(CK and CK-MB),cTn-I.The results were analyzed with the SPSS 11.5. Results: The rate of spontaneous rebeating in cardiomyopeptide treatment group was higher than in control one; the dosage of dopamine hydrochloride post-operation in cardiomyopeptide treatment group was lower than in control one;the post-operation levels of CK,CK-MB and cTn-I of both groups were higher than pre-operation ones. The myocardUmase of two groups not significantly different in pre-operation and post-operation,but the cTn-I was significantly different. Conclusion:Cardiomyopeptide may show effective myocardial protection in long-time aortic block of complicated congenital heart disease operation.


This research examined the density and permeability of samples from both field trials and a laboratory experiment. The NCAT permeameter was used to evaluate infiltration rates for both existing pavements, rehabilitation projects and for fog seals. There was some measurement success with the existing pavements and fog sealed surfaces and a distinct reduction in permeability was achieved with the fog seals. Measurements on new construction failed as the meter could not be properly sealed to the surface. Field density measurements from standard and thin lift nuclear gauges were compared to cores from the same location. The need to develop calibration factors for the nuclear gauges using cores was demonstrated. Laboratory densities were measured using the conventional SSD method (AASHTO T 166) and the CoreLok method (AASHTO T 331). This research demonstrated the T331 method should be used when the absorption of the sample is greater than one percent. The permeability of several mix designs were evaluated in the laboratory. In general, the rule of thumb that permeability greatly increases as air voids increase past eight percent was verified. However, lab evaluation of field cores indicates permeability is a potential problem at air voids as low as six percent.


The interference of selenium and arsenic determined by indutively coupled plasma mass spectrometry( ICP-MS /MS) was compared in the four testing modes,including the normal mode( SQ),plus helium mode( He) or plus hydrogen mode( H_2),oxygen adding mode( SQ-O2) and oxygen adding mode( QQQ-O2). The results of various the actual possible interference was compared in different detection methods. The most accurate results were obtained by( QQQ-O2)( two MS / detection mode of oxygen collision) for actual samples. In this mode,arsenic and selenium were analyzed by quadrupole mass spectrometer in first MS and then entered into the oxygen collision reaction cell to form oxides,which were detected by the second MS. Almost all possible interferences were eliminated by this mode. National standard substance cabbage( GBW10014), soil( GBW07603) and the actual steel samples were detected using the method. The results were in the range of the standard value. The accuracy of real samples was greatly improved.


Field experiment were conducted for two consecutive seasons on spring sugarcane plant-ratoon system to investigate the integrated effect of organics viz. bio-compost (BC) and bio-methaneated distillery effluent (BMDE) with Azotobacter on growth, yield, quality and soil fertility of sugarcane. The mean data revealed that number of millable cane (NMC), cane yield, and sugar yield varied significantly due to integrated use of organic and inorganic fertilizer with Azotobacter in combination both in plant and ratoon crops. The significant increase in number of millable cane (NMC), cane yield and sugar yield Was recorded in the treatments receiving organic and inorganic fertilizer in combination with Azotobacter over control both in plant in ratoon crops. The mean data for NMC (70-98x10/ha), cane yield (61-80.4 t/ha) and sugar yield (7.13 9.75 t/ha) varied significantly. The highest number of NMC (98.90 X 10 ha ), cane yield (80.40 t ha) and sugar yield (9.25 t ha) was recorded in treatment receiving 50% N + 100% PK through inorganic fertilizer and 50% N through BC with Azotobacter (@ 5kg/ha). The residual effect of treatment receiving organic and inorganic fertilizer in combination with Azotobacter was also pronounced on NMC (96.3 x 10 ha), yield (76.1 tha-1) and sugar yield (9.24 tha), However, treatment receiving 50% N through BMDE was found on par with application of 50% N through BMDE. Both the organic sources improved performance of sugarcane. The uptake of nutrients (NPK) by plant and ratoon followed the similar trend as cane yield. The treatment receiving RDF along with Azotobacter improved productivity of sugarcane significantly over control (RDF). However, the efficiency of Azotobacter was more pronounced under inorganic treated plots. The reduction in pH and increase in EC, organic carbon and available nutrients (NP&K) of soil was recorded in treatment receiving organics either through biocompost or BMDE. The available-N content of soil increased in Azotobacter and organic treated plots. The result clearly indicated that integrated use of BC / BMDE along with Azotobacter improved fertility status of soil with improvement in population of microbes.


The transition operator T for the scattering of a particle from N potentials Vj(x) can be expanded into a series featuring the transition operators tj associated with the individual potentials. For Vj(x) both absolutely and square integrable in x, we show, using an analytic continuation argument, that if T is on-shell, i.e. in < k|T (σ2 ± i0)|k′ >, |k| = |k′| = σ, then each tj is also on-shell. (Phys. Lett. A 235, 195-199 (1997)) ∗electronic-mail: email@example.com †electronic-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com 1


In this paper, we have described a Simulated Radar Target Generation Equipment(SRTGE) for evaluating the performance of a developed radar system. In order to change a simulated target range(or time delay), the variable optical delay line structure is used in SRTGE, In addition, SRTGE is required to generate a target return signal which is composed of variable amplitude and Doppler velocity. The interference such as noise jamming and clutter is also produced from SRTGE for evaluating ECCM(Electronic-Counter-Counter Measure) capability of radar.


This article seeks to understand the dynamics of the Brazilian north border security aiming to understand the security policies for the region. This work draws attention to the need for collaborative solutions to the security problems of this area. Highlighting Brazil's role in this region to the achievement of collaborative arrangements. Key-words: Amazon; Cooperation; Defense Introduction As Amazon forest is a multinational forest what makes important to understand the borders dynamics', because deal with Amazon It's in a big part to deal with Brazilian north border – considering that this area establishes the limits with Bolivia, Peru, Colombia, Venezuela, Guiana, French Guiana, Suriname. Thus it's necessary to address how the border security is treated (Martins & Moreira 2011). Initially, to discuss borders, we need to define what is meant by the concept of border. Currently, the most accepted definition of borders; it's the division between two territorial entities, or the limit of a territorial entity. Boundaries can thus be considered as lines of separation and contact not only between human groups, but also between regions (Popescu 2013). Nevertheless, it's important to make the distinction between the terms limit and border, since these are often seen as synonymous. The etymology of the word border suggests what lies ahead (Machado 1998). To Salvador Raza (2014), borders are important not only for the construction of an internal national identity, but also can be used as an element of power projection. On the other hand, limit refers to what keeps a cohesive political-territorial unit, in other words, an internal connection; this design is rooted in the concept of the modern state (Machado 1998). 1 P.H.D. student at Universidade Federal do Riol Grande do Sul.


The key to driving demand growth and sustainability are renewable energies and, in particular, solar power. Off-grid systems are convenient and more favorable for the distribution of electricity to remote areas, which are isolated from the grid. In this paper, a single-stage conversion strategy is shown that converts inherent DC PV voltage to the single-phase AC voltage involving MPPT to ensure optimal power output under varying irradiances. The system depends on environmental circumstances and the number of powered consumers. The operational frequency is maintained by coordinated control of frequency. The MATLAB/Simulink results demonstrate, clearly, that in distant areas where the utility grid is economically impractical, the suggested system is anticipated to be a tenable alternative.


In this paper we confront two well-known models for pricing options. It shows how the two models, one derived in a discrete time framework by Boness, the other derived in a continuous time framework by Black and Scholes, can be made consistent. In doing so, we find the implicit, discrete period, discount factor for the call option. Several characteristics of the discount factor are analyzed and compared to the characteristics of the instantaneous expected rate of return on the call.


─ An improved algorithm for shooting and bouncing ray tracing (SBR) is proposed in this paper. The conventional SBR method has to launch a large number of rays or ray tubes to guarantee the accuracy, which increases the calculation time significantly. This paper presents a novel adaptive ray launching (ARL) method based on the pattern of transmitting antenna, which reduces the launched rays greatly while maintaining the computation accuracy. Some examples of applying the proposed method to calculate the outdoor radio wave propagation are presented, and the results are compared with the measurements and simulations. The good agreements between them validate the proposed approach. The method has a high gain in terms of computational efficiency (about 480% speedup compared with 1 uniform ray launching). Index Terms ─ Acceleration, pattern, ray tracing, receiver ball, shooting and bouncing ray, transmitting angle.


【There is the limit of the traditional legal hermeneutics and fragmentary or individual theoretical legal approach to suggest the desirable solution of Korean health care law system to have many issues. Law & politics research is the legal research method to suggest the resonable understanding and seeking the measures through various approach, decide and evaluate that the legal methods can be functioned as the optimum system design. Law & politics research has some procedure. 1. It is demanded to catalog the comparison target of legal system by its topic. 2. It is demanded to compare it with Korean situation. 3. The realistic and empirical legal research to the compared policy alternatives is needed. 4. Reflecting the results of this research work, the desirable policy idea must be adopted. 5. The accomplishment of this policy idea must be come true as a specific legislation through interest coordination. 6. This plan must be come into force and the feedback to effect of society must be examined closely. Here I will review generally the contribution of law & politics research to health care law system because of the problem of time and the insufficiency of law & politics research. The constitutional consideration is important to support the interest coordination because of the shortage of resources. The comparative law research can compare our health care system with those of other countries and seek some desirable alternatives. If we discuss the law system plan in a long time and synthetically from different perspectives, more desirable helath care law system can be deducted.】


In the Roman Catholic Emancipation debate, William Wordsworth took the opposite view to his friend and patron Sir George Beaumont. Whilst Wordsworth's position as a committed anti-emancipationist is well-known, this essay explores the Beaumonts' Catholic heritage and their political allegiances. This contextual material provides a backdrop for a reading of a previously un-noted document that Lady Beaumont sent to the Wordsworths in 1809: 'An account of an English Hermit'. This pamphlet, by an unknown Anglican clergyman (Thomas Barnard), describes the life of an unknown nonjuror (Thomas Gardiner). Analysis of the manuscript, and the circumstances of its circulation, resituates Wordsworth's objections to Emancipation and casts new light on the tone of his Ecclesiastical Sketches (1822). I explore how Wordsworth uses the 'Advertisement' to the sonnets in order to counter any resentment the anti-Catholic publication may have engendered between the poet and Sir George, and conclude with a close reading of 'Cat...


Prior literature portrays long-term growth (LTG) forecasts as nonsensical from a valuation perspective. Instead, we hypothesize that LTG forecasts signal high effort and ability to analyze firms' long-term prospects. We document stronger market response to stock recommendation revisions of analysts who publish accompanying LTG forecasts. We also hypothesize and find that these analysts are less likely to leave the profession or move to smaller brokerage houses. Consistent with Reg. FD's intention to promote fundamental analysis of long-term earnings prospects, post-Reg. FD observations drive our results. Overall, we identify previously undocumented benefits accruing to analysts who publish LTG forecasts.