This news article reports US legislator Trent Lotts commitment to pass legislation that would institute a ban on "partial-birth" abortions in the US. Religious conservatives will be putting pressure on the Republican House and the Senate to pass antiabortion measures. After the ban on the partial birth procedure the Houses next priority is a ban on human and embryonic cloning. Next on the list of House-passed measures are the Unborn Victims of Violence Act the Child Custody Protection Act and the Abortion Non-Discrimination Act.


Cosmologists such Sakharov, Alfv\'en, Klein, Weizs\"acker, Gamow and Harrison all disregarded the distribution of baryons and antibaryons immediately prior to freeze-out in trying to elucidate the circumstances that explained hadron distribution in the early universe. They simply accepted a uniform distribution: each baryon paired with an antibaryon. Their acceptance of this assumption resulted in theoretical difficulties that could not be overcome. This essay discards this assumption of homogeneity or uniformity. Although this essay does deal with early-universe matters, it is not meant to indicate any involvement in energy distribution functions nor in any symmetry-asymmetry controversies. Cluster formation is strictly geometric. This essay has value as far as problems early cosmologists faced but also should complete the historic record.


1.In debate concerning community development,the essential issues for discussion are:What is a community?What does community development mean?Where are the central city areas?A community is a place where people live and get together,and community development is the creation of such places.The people who live in a community are the key stakeholders.This is because the problem of deteriorating central city areas comes down to the fact that the area's residents are no longer choosing these former central city areas as places to spend money and consume goods.It is therefore essential to incorporate the views of the public in the debate.


Split ring–rod combination metamaterial is used as a substrate material in a microstrip guided wave structure to determine what the effect is of a material with potentially excessive dispersion or loss or both. A Green's function method readily incorporates the metamaterial permittivity and permeability tensor characteristics. Ab initio calculations are performed to obtain the dispersion diagrams of several complex propagation constant modes of the structure. Analytical analysis is done for the design and interpretation of the results, which demonstrate remarkable potential for realistic use in high frequency electronics, while showing modes with extremely low loss bands.


A 12-element 60GHz phased array transmitter sys-tem-in-package intended for multi-Gbps wireless communications is presented. The system-in-package (SIP) comprises of a CMOS IC and aperture coupled microstrip patch antennas integrated on a low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) package. The IC includes distribution network for 60GHz signals, phase shifters, pre-drivers and PAs. The SIP has been tested using wafer-probing, package-probing and on-the-air measurements including the antennas. The experimental results have been compared extensively against simulations to check the validity of the modeling and experimental methodologies used. The phased-array achieves 21-dB of beam forming gain in line with theoretical expectation. Non-idealities, for example at the RFIC-package interface, have been discussed and modeled due to their importance for mm-wave systems-in-package.


Objective To investigate whether edema formation and ischemic injury surrounding hematoma is related to calcium overloading.Methods A model of collagenase induced intracerebral hemorrhage was used.The subcellular distribution of calcium in rat brain tissue surrounding the hematoma and the protective effects of calcium antagonists were evaluated with combined oxalate pyroantimonate electronmicroscopic cytochemical technique.Results There was regional accumulation of calcium in rat brain tissue surrounding the hematoma in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) group and the ultrastructural damage in brain tissue correlated strongly with the regional accumulation of calcium.Pretreatment with calcium antagonists (nimodipine for the voltage operated channel) resulted in less ultrastructural brain tissue damage and reduction of regional accumulation of calcium.Conclusions The results suggest that calcium overloading may play an important role in the process of cell death in rat brain tissue surrounding ICH and it is possible to reduce ICH injury through use of calcium antagonists.


A thin-layer chromatography–2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhdrazyl (TLC—DPPH) method has been developed for the quantification of withanolides and simultaneous estimation of antioxidant potential of each constituent present in a complex mixture. High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) of withanolide-rich fraction of Withania somnifera root was performed on Si 60F254 HPTLC plates with dichloromethane-toluene-methanol-acetone-diethyl ether (6.5:7:4:1.5:1, v/v) as a mobile phase for the separation of withanolides and on the basis of RF values 0.07, 0.55, 0.61, 0.63, 0.66, and 0.77 for withanoside V, withaferine A, 1,2-deoxywithastramonolide, withanone, withanolide A, and withanolide B, respectively. The concentrations of withanoside V, withaferine A, 1,2-deoxywithastramonolide, withanone, withanolide A, and withanolide B were 0.86, 12.9, 1.92, 1.52, 5.24, and 4.52 mg g−1 respectively. A TLC-DPPH rapid test was used to assess the free-radical scavenging activity of constituents in withanolide-rich fraction for the first time. In withanolides, withanoside V and withanolide B show the highest antioxidant potential. In unknown compounds, peak No. 17 at RF 0.92 has the highest antioxidant potential and peak No. 16 at RF 0.87 has recorded the lowest antioxidant potential. It is also found that some of the unidentified components had significant antioxidant potential. This technique has several advantages; therefore, this method will be useful for rapidly validating the Ayurvedic products containing W. somnifera.


In order to exmaine the effect of stress ratio and the difference in loading type on the frictional force acting on a crack surface, fatigue tests under mixed mode are carried out. Namely, a plate specimen made of SK-5 carbon steel with a center through crack at a 90° angle to the specimen axis is used for combination tests of plane bending and cyclic torsion with various stress ratios and that at 52°, 57° and 63° angle is used for plane bending tests. The warping of the plate by torsion is one of the main factors responsible for the frictional force under mixed mode and the warping at the threshold of crack propagation becomes remarked with the decrease of plate thickness. Thus, the difference between the threshold stress obtained and that calculated using the strain energy density criterion increases with the decrease in plate thickness. On the other hand, the increase in stress ratio cancels the effect of frictional force.


The survey and disposal of rail-bed disasters become very important and urgent problems for high speed train.Reconstructing the image of subterranean substance by sonic tomography can precisely locate the Karst erosion,grotto, oozy earth,and other rail-bed disasters.In this paper,principles,methods and working flow of sonic tomography image inversion and reconstruction are introduced briefly.With an example of engineering case,it's application process,correlative analysis and conclusion are discussed in detail and results verify that the CT technique is feasible and can be applied widely to the survey of rail-bed disasters.


The luminosity function of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) has been measured down to luminosities ~1042 ergs s-1 in the soft and hard X-rays. Some fraction of this activity is associated with the accretion of the material liberated by the tidal disruption of stars by massive black holes. We estimate the contribution to the X-ray luminosity function from the tidal disruption process. While the contribution depends on a number of poorly known parameters, it appears that it can account for the majority of X-ray-selected AGNs with soft or hard X-ray luminosities ≲1043-1044 ergs s-1. If this is correct, a significant portion of the X-ray luminosity function of AGNs is comprised of sources powered by tidal disruption at the faint end, while the sources at the bright end are powered by nonstellar accretion. Black holes with masses ≲2 × 106 M☉ could have acquired most of their present mass by an accretion of tidal debris. In view of the considerable theoretical uncertainty concerning the detailed shape of the light curves of tidal disruption events, we focus on power-law luminosity decay (as identified in candidate tidal disruption events), but we also discuss constant accretion rate models. We expect that the sources associated with thin-disk accretion of circularized tidal debris have peak luminosities of ≲1039-1041 ergs s-1, below the luminosity range probed in present surveys.


Shifts of population and jobs out of the snow belt and into the sun belt are currently in progress in the United States. Many aspects of these shifts constitute a reversal of long-run trends conventionally explained in terms of "growth inertia' concepts, such as the ones incorporated in cumulative causation and growth pole theories. The model discussed in this paper focuses upon the switch of regional economies from growth to deeline, or vice-versa, that are exemplified by these shifts. Catastrophe theory concepts and formalisms account for sudden transitions between growth and decline produced by smooth transitions of systemic variables past critical thresholds.


Perception of duration is known to be affected by a variety of contextual factors, including pitch. It has also long been observed that rhythmic grouping can affect perceived duration such that intervals between perceived groups are inflated in perception. Pitch and timing cues both play key roles in prosodic grouping. This paper explores the hypothesis that certain pitch-based distortions of time perception are in fact due to perceived grouping effects, and that such interactions can affect speech timing perception. A pair of perception experiments eliciting judgments of perceived grouping and perceived timing used the same set of stimuli, resynthesized with crossed continua of pitch and timing manipulations. Results support a correlation between perceived grouping and distortion of perceived duration of between-group silent intervals.


The education in materials constitutes a vital part of the education of an engineer, since its comprehension
determines the design and construction of products with appropriate materials that satisfy the current and
future needs of the 21st century society [1]. In the Product Design Engineering degree, teaching and
learning the attributes and applications of materials shouldn't be limited to lectures. This paper shows how
through the design of pedagogic tools it is possible to go from a knowledge-transfer method to a studentcentred
method where motivation, teaching and learning strategies and problem-based learning, support
meaningful learning [2] through the implementation of these tools in the classroom


Paravirtualization manages virtual machines and virtual resources efficiently by the communication between the virtualization layer and modified guest OSes. In a paravirtual environment, the I/O response of a virtual machine is hard to approach that of a native OS because a virtual I/O is asynchronously processed by the virtualization layer without hardware supports. Virtual CPU scheduling algorithms have been proposed to improve the I/O performance. However, existing solutions lack the I/O fairness when virtual machines have various or skewed of workloads because they put the I/O performance of latency-sensitive vCPUs before vCPUs that are not. In this paper, we design a credit based vCPU scheduling model for I/O performance of virtual machines by using a loan and repayment system. Credit rating of each virtual CPU is periodically evaluated by observing its resource consumption pattern and a virtual CPU cannot be allocated more resources until the repayment is finished.


..................................................................................................................................viii CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................1 Problem Statement ...............................................................................................................1 Research Question................................................................................................................1 Literature Summary .............................................................................................................3 Theoretical Framework ........................................................................................................8 Data Collection Methods ....................................................................................................9 Data Analysis Methods ........................................................................................................9 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW .......................................................................................12 Introduction ........................................................................................................................12 Previous Research ..............................................................................................................13 Strengths and Weaknesses of Previous Research .............................................................15 Basis for Current Research ................................................................................................18 Contribution to Existing Literature ....................................................................................23 CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY .................................................................................................24 Research Questions ............................................................................................................25 Research Question One: What are the predictors of success in developmental math? ....................................................................................................................25 Design ........................................................................................................25 Sampling ....................................................................................................26 Data analysis ..............................................................................................27 Research Question Two: Does success in a developmental math course predict success in college algebra? ....................................................................................28 Design ........................................................................................................28 Sampling ....................................................................................................29 Data analysis ..............................................................................................29 Protection from Harm ........................................................................................................32 CHAPTER 4: ANALYSIS AND RESULTS ................................................................................33 Participant Characteristics..................................................................................................34 Fall 2013 ................................................................................................................35 Fall 2014 ................................................................................................................37 Spring 2015 ............................................................................................................38 Ordinal Regression Analysis..............................................................................................40 Research Question One: What are the predictors of success in developmental math? .....40 Fall 2013 ................................................................................................................40 Fall 2014 ................................................................................................................45


Social media and social network sites (SNS) are an evolving area for sexual health communication with young people. They present opportunities and challenges for sexual health professionals and young people alike, such as learning through interactivity and addressing concerns about privacy. In this article, we present and discuss the findings from six rural and urban focus groups with young people in Australia about the use of social media and SNS for sexual health communication. We discuss a number of issues related to the use of social media and SNS for sexual health communication, such as concerns about bullying, privacy, and the stigma attached to sexual health.


Mathematical Physics.- Quantum Mechanics - I.- Quantum Mechanics - II.- Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics.- Solid State Physics.- Special Theory of Relativity.- Nuclear Physics - I.- Nuclear Physics - II.- Particle Physics - I.- Particle Physics - II.


Abstract The magnetostratigraphic and paleontologic studies carried out in the sections of Fuente Nueva and Cortes de Baza-Cullar in the Guadix-Baza Basin (SE Spain) have enabled an accurate calibration of the early-middle Pleistocene sites of this basin and their correlation with other early Paleolithic localities in the Mediterranean area (Atapuerca, Le Vallonet, Isernia, Ubeidiya). The paleontological record (rodents) in the Cortes de Baza section indicates an age ranging from the earliest Pleistocene (latest Villanyian or early Biharian) to the late early Pleistocene (late Biharian). The whole Cortes de Baza Section is placed in a reverse magnetic interval identified as the upper part of the Matuyama chron. This datum confirms an upper Matuyama, pre-Bruhnes age for the archaeological site of Fuente Nueva 3. Also in the Guadix-Baza Basin, the section of Cullar Baza, where the Middle Pleistocene (early Toringian) paleontologiucal and archaeological site of Cullar-Baza 1 is placed, has been extended to the early Pleistocene (late Biharian). Thus, the locality of Cullar-Baza B is placed in a reversed magnetozone correlated with the uppermost Matuyama, while the locality of Cullar-Baza C is placed in a normal magnetozone correlated to the lower Bruhnes epoch. Therefore, the site of Cullar Baza 1 falls well within the Bruhnes epoch. This result is consistent with what is found in other early-middle Pleistocene sections of Spain (Atapuerca Gran Dolina) but is in contrast with the upper Matuyama age initially given for the Paleolithic site of Isernia.


With the advancement in various fields of energy and communication sector, there is a strong need to upgrade the outdated power transmission and distribution grid to an intelligent and efficient Smart Grid (SG). An integral part of SG is a robust and ubiquitously available communication network that will enable various entities connected to the SG to exchange vital information at all times. Power line communication is the most pervasive network in the world and it can serve as a backbone in an overall hybrid communication network. SG applications like automatic meter reading (AMR) are mostly low data rate applications, for which narrowband power line communication (NB-PLC) is most suited. This article presents an overview of PLC and its role in SG communication, with particular focus on NB-PLC technologies and their performance comparison, such as G3 and PRIME, which are based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technique.


Interactive, Internet-linked sensor-robotic networks are the next-generation approach to enabling long-term 24/7/365 surveillance of major remote or dangerous processes that are central to the habitability of our planet. The NEPTUNE ocean observatory program will be a leader in this approach. The observatory's 1400-mile network of heavily instrumented fiber-optic/power cable will convert a major sector of the Juan de Fuca tectonic plate and its overlying ocean off the coasts of Washington, Oregon, and British Columbia into an internationally accessible interactive, real-time natural laboratory reaching millions of users or viewers via the Internet. NEPTUNE is being designed to provide scientists, educators, policy makers, and the public with unprecedented forms of novel information about a broad host of natural and human-induced processes operating within the ocean basins. Data management and visualization challenges include handling large volumes of multidisciplinary data streams; assimilating real-time data into models; and providing data discovery and visualization tools that enable collaborative discovery by groups of researchers.


The microstrip fed multilayer leaky wave antenna using the resonance gain phenomenon has been investigated. The motivation for this work arose from the need to design a concealed feed to the antenna which is crucial for the deployment of this structure in a combat environment This paper presents the design of a single CPW feed to the multilayer structure and its radiation characteristics. It is shown that the antenna achieves a resonance gain of about 15.83 dBi at broadside at 20 GHz with a 20 dB F/B ratio, reduced surface wave coupling and good cross-polarisation levels. Measurements are in progress to verify the simulated results.


Knowledge and intelligence will take the place of capital is the key change in the intellectual time,which will become the most precious resource and capital.The economical development will depend more deeply on the investment and management of intellectual capital.So,in the 21 century,the making,accumulating and controlling of capital will produce greater influence on the regional economical development and will surely improve the competitive power of the region.


Porous Silicon (PS) samples have been prepared by electrochemical anodization of p-type silicon wafer by varying HF concentrations in the electrolytic solution. The structural, surface morphological, optical and surface composition analysis of the prepared samples were done by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Photoluminescence (PL) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy studies respectively. The grain sizes of PS were determined by XRD study. The porosity of PS samples was estimated by using the parameters obtained from the SEM images by the geometrical method. The porosity of the samples was found to vary between 11% and 84% due to the variation in HF concentration in the electrolytic solution. The refractive index and dielectric constant values of PS as a function of porosity were determined by Effective Medium Approximation methods. Strong visible emission peak at 498 nm, with no apparent shift with respect to variation in etching parameter, is observed in Photoluminescence study. The surface bonding and their vibration modes of the PS were determined by transmission FTIR spectroscopy.


The objective of the paper is to identify the determining factors of demand for formal and informal credit by cotton growers in Bahawalpur. The borrowing behavior of the farmers revealed that educated farmers and big farmers take loaning from the formal sector. The distance of the formal sector loaning agency, number of visits to take the loan, high transaction cost and bribe and corruption push the farmer towards informal loaning. To make the formal sector loaning effective, it is proposed to formal sector credit institutions to make the processing rapid and decrease the transaction cost. It is further proposed that for the far flung areas, the accessibility should be effective.


The anticipated use of the FTIR remote sensing technique by personnel trained only at the technician level has prompted the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) to pursue the production of a standardized procedure for instrument use. This procedure is to become one of a compendium of methods maintained by the USEPA. The compendium is a collection of methods for the measurement of toxic organic compounds and is commonly referred to as the to compendium. The procedure for the FTIR is number 16 and therefore is most often referenced as TO-16. The procedure begins by assuming that the operator is more or less familiar with the daily operation of the FTIR and has taken advantage of whatever training is available from the instrument manufacturer. The procedure further assumes that the quality assurance project plan for any one monitoring program has been followed and that the operator has in his possession a set of interferograms or single beam spectra from which concentration data is to be gleaned. There are two primary chapters in the document that describe how the spectra are to be processed in order to produce the concentration of various atmospheric gases. Chapter 8 presents the individual steps that all the spectra must be subjected to during the data reduction procedure. This chapter includes items for producing valid data such as correcting the spectra for line shifts and subtracting stray infrared energy. Chapter 9 describes the minimum requirements that are deemed necessary for quality assurance and quality control purposes.


Objective: In this study,authors created a process to measure the contents of Toosendanin,an effective component in Fructus Toosendan,using HPLC.Use of on-line non-contact infrared temperature drug machine to stir-frying Fructus Toosendan,compare the toosendanin in Fructus Toosendan content and color changes before and after stir-frying.Methods:It was carried out on a Wondasil C18 column with a mobilephase methanol-water(11),and a detection wavelength of 210nm for Toosendan.Results:The averaged recovery of Toosendanin reached 100.6%,RSD=1.57%(n=6);average contents decreased 37.69%(RSD= 2.19%)of 10 batches Fructus Toosendan after stir-frying,Fructus Toosendan total color value of processed products 41.97(RSD= 0.28%).Conclusion:Precision and reprod uction of the method is preferable.The method is simple,convenient,reliability and can be as a kind of method to determine the contents for Fructus Toosendan;Use of on-line non-contact infrared temperature drug machine to stir-frying 10 batches Fructus Toosendan,it has a higher stability of contents and color changes in Fructus Toosendan before and after being Processed.


reference for the consulting-room table. It consists of two parts. The first is devoted to mineral springs and the second part to climate and climatic resorts. In Part I the nature, composition, classification, and modes of application of mineral waters are discussed, as well as the accessory measures employed in connexion with mineral water treatment, but the greater portion (330 pages) of this part consists of a concise description of the principal springs and mineral water resorts arranged in alphabetical order. Part It is divided into a number of chapters under the following headings: " Climate and Climates," " Sea or Mountain," " Seaside Resorts in the United Kingdom," " Continental Seaside Resorts," "Mountain Climatic Resorts," " Winter Quarters," "the Western Riviera," "Sea Voyages," etc. Of course, these chapters are not entirely new, and the author states that the second part follows more closely the method he adopted in his former work. The chapters, in each part of the work, on the application and selection of mineral waters, climates, and health resorts for different diseases and different cases make the book very comprehensive in its scope, although it cannot be termed an unduly bulky volume. The indices make reference eaHy.


The Faculty of Law of Leningrad State University (LGU) is one of the country's oldest centers for the training of jurists and the development of jurisprudence. It was precisely here that Lenin, after taking fourteen exams without attending lectures, received his first-level diploma. During the Soviet years scholars in this faculty have made a considerable contribution to the creation of the Soviet school of jurisprudence. Such well-known legal scholars as Academician A. V. Venediktov, and Professors I. I. Iakovkin, V. M. Dogadov, S. I. Asknazii, L. I. Dembo, and others have taught and carried out research in Leningrad.


Speed of approach run of men's triple jumpers and the techniques of triple jump are the key factors deciding the performance of triple jump.To raise the speed and to lower the loss of the horizontal speed are important.The key to promote the performance is to make full use of approach run speed and horizontal speed.


Object To explore the anti-asthmatic mechanism of Chuanning Soft Capsule (CNSC). Methods The slow reaction substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A), leukotriene (LTB 4) and LTC 4 products in rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) were determined by bioassay, HPLC and ELISA in vitro. Results CNSC 0.1, 0.4, 1.6, 6.4 g/L and the serum extracted from rats ig with 4 g/kg CNSC for 20 days significantly reduced SRS-A products in rat PMNs. CNSC 0.025, 0.05, 0.1 g/L and 0.1, 0.4, 1.6 g/L markedly inhibited LTB 4, LTC 4 products in rats PMNs. Conclusion The anti-asthmatic mechanism of CNSC may be correlated with suppression of leukotriene products generated by arachidonic acid.


Stages of studying of a conjuncture of the investment market and existing techniques of an estimation of investment attractiveness are considered. The model of an estimation of investment attractiveness of the organizations with use of system of quantitative and qualitative factors is offered.


Self-efficacy is the strength of one's personal beliefs in his or her ability to complete a task. Implicit theory of knowledge is a mindset which is related to beliefs about abilities (i.e. that ability is limited (entity mindset) or that ability is changeable (i.e. incremental mindset)) and that can predict how an individual will react when given feedback on a task. This study compared the effects of different types of feedback on performance in college students (n=25) with entity and incremental theories of knowledge. The hypothesis was those given negative feedback in the entity group would perform worse on a later task than those in the incremental group. There was no significant difference in performance on a task between groups.


: The persistence of soil organic carbon (C) in soil, defined as the mean residence time of organic C 14 compounds in soils, is a critical measure for understanding the capacity of terrestrial ecosystems to 15 regulate biogeochemical cycles. The persistence of organic carbon in soil is most often considered at 16 timescales ranging from tens to thousands of years, but the study of organic C in paleosols (i.e., 17 ancient, buried soils) suggests that buried soils may have the capacity to preserve organic compounds 18 for tens of millions of years. A quantitative assessment of C sources and sinks from these ancient 19 terrestrial landscapes is complicated by additions of modern organic C, primarily due to the infiltration 20 of dissolved organic carbon. In this study, we quantify total organic C content and radiocarbon activity 21 in samples collected from 28- to 33-million-year-old paleosols that are naturally exposed as 22 unvegetated badland outcrops near eastern Oregon's "Painted Hills". The study site is part of a well- 23 mapped ~400-meter-thick sequence of Eocene-Oligocene (45-28 Ma) volcaniclastic paleosols, and 24 thus we expected to find "radiocarbon dead" samples preserved in deep layers of the lithified, brick- 25 like exposed outcrops. Total organic C, measured in three individual profiles spanning depth transects 26 from the outcrop surface to a 1-meter depth, range from 0.01


A growing community of transport economists and urban planners has concluded that the best solution to U.S. freeway congestion would be to implement congestion pricing on all such freeways. At the same time, many political scientists and other political observers consider doing so to be politically impossible, primarily because of strong opposition from taxpayers, voters, and highway user groups. Federal efforts (dating to the 1970s) to induce one or more urban areas to price its freeways have been unsuccessful; this lack of success reinforces the political scientists' skepticism. This paper suggests that even if the political difficulties could be overcome, the conventional model of freeway congestion pricing (charging all users the same variable price) may not be optimal: this model could well create more losers than winners. In analyzing this conundrum, the author looks more closely at two assumptions implicit in the standard congestion pricing model: uniformly applied (variable) pricing and all general purpose lanes. Revisiting both assumptions leads to a proposal for multitier pricing on differentiated lanes, which the author suggests could be more politically feasible and productive of larger economic benefits. This approach also lends itself to being implemented in an evolutionary manner, in which each step is justified on its own merits, without regard of the possible longer-term end.


Dry raw material of both peppermint and sweet basil grown with the application of different hydroponic methods (cylindrical, gully, continuous, classical) exceeds soil culture 1.2-2.7 and 1.8-2.7 times. At the same time a high output (1.6-3.1 times) of secondary origin bioactive substances was observed in cylindrical and classical hydroponics systems due to the high productivity of peppermint and in the case of basil in cylindrical hydroponics system (1.2-2.9 times). For determining antioxidant activity from different quantity of alcoholic extracts obtained from the mentioned plants the more effective is chosen in peppermint 5.0 mg/ml in which case free radical oxidation process of lipids is repressed from 68% to 84%, and in case of basil 1.0 mg/ml from 23% to 31%.


Many colleges and universities are making an effort to incorporate computers and technology into their teaching environments and grappling with the effectiveness of using such technologies. This article addresses the effectiveness of using a computer –based tutorial as a method of learning versus traditional lecturing. This paper is based on a study that compared student's test scores using computer mediated accounting tutorials alone with those of students who received traditional lectures and computer mediated tutorials in the same topic. The students sampled were junior and senior undergraduate engineering students taking a required Engineering Economics core course that contained computer tutorials for basic accounting. Based on previous research (Merino, 1989 and McNaught 1995) it was anticipated that both methods would be satisfactory instructional tools and yield similar educational results. The results of the research indicate that there is no statistically significant difference between the two methods. This study concludes that computer based tutorials could be substituted for traditional lectures without impacting what a student learns-at least for teaching accounting fundamentals. For both groups, a major improvement in learning occurred as evidenced by the final mean scores.


The image edge detection is one of the basic contents in image manipulation and analysis.Against the deficiency of traditonal single edge detection algorithms,e.g.,low anti-noise capacity,discontinuous edge and etc.,this paper proposes a new edge detection method combing two algorithms.Firstly,the original image is transformed by multi-layer wavelet decomposition to obtain respective approximate low frequency and detailed high coefficients.Secondly,for the low frequency part of wavelet decomposition image,an eight-point neighborhood adpative gradient algorithm is used for edge detection,and edge growing is used to ensure edge continuities.For the high frequency part,a wavelet transform partial max algorithm is used to detect the image edge.Next,the edge information of all the layers are combined as a certain rule to get the final edge of image.The results indicate that compared with the traditional edge detection algorithms this proposed method has the advantages of higher precision and signal-to-noise ratio,and it can make image edge extraction more accurate.


The spatial agglomeration characteristics of scenic spots systems in Chongqing metropolitan were analyzed by using Nearest Point Index,Agglomeration Fractal Dimension,Gini Coefficient and Geographic Concentration Index. The research shows that the density of Chongqing metropolitan 's scenic spots system decreases from the center to the edge,and the cultural attractions concentrates in the developed areas of city,while the natural attractions are mainly distributed in the edge of the city,which are mainly forest park,hot springs,etc. Therefore,the optimization strategies are that "to clear the travel channel of cultural attractions,and to build Scenic corridor around the city",and "to take 'Melon-on-the-vine'as the main spatial structure of Chongqing metropolitan".


Nanoparticles represent a promising drug delivery system of sustained and targeted drug release. They are specially designed to release the drug in the vicinity of target tissue. The aim of this study was to prepare and evaluate PLGA nanoparticles containing Lamivudine in different drug to polymer ratio. SEM indicated that nanoparticles have a discrete spherical structure. FT-IR studies indicated that there was no chemical interaction between drug and polymer and stability of drug. The in vitro release behavior from all the drug loaded batches was found to be Higuchi release and provided sustained release over a period of 12 h. The developed formulation overcome and alleviates the drawbacks and limitations of Lamivudine sustained release formulations and could possibility be advantageous in terms of increased bioavailability of Lamivudine.


The device for urodynamic examination according to the invention comprises a source (1) of perfusion fluid, at least two pressure sensors (5, 7), a probe (2) with at least one lumen for bladder pressure tapping and a lumen for urethral pressure intake, first means (3) tubular connection between the source (1) of fluid and the sensors (5, 7) and a second means (8) tubular connection between the sensors (5, 7) and the probe (2), characterized in that at least one of the two means (3, 8) consists of two tubular elements (31, 32; 81 82) integral with the other on most of their length.


In this thesis a simple technique for controlling structure via holographic interference lithography was established and implemented. Access to various space groups including such important structures as the level set approximations to the Diamond, the Schwartz P structure, the FCC, and the non centrosymmetric Gyroid structures were demonstrated. The ability to make 3D structures over a large area, with low defect densities and periodicities on the sub/i scale opens a whole range of opportunities including such diverse areas as photonic crystals, phononic crystals, drug delivery, microtrusses, tissue scaffolds, microfluidics and colloidal crystallization. A correlation between structure and photonic band gap properties was established by systematically exploring the 11 FCC space groups. This resulted in a technique to search for p:hotonic band gap structures. It was found that a fundamental connectivity caused by simple Fourier elements tended to support gaps. 2-3, 5-6 and 8-9 gaps were opened in the f.c.c lattices. The F-RD and 216 structures were newly shown to have complete band gaps. Two of the three previously established champion photonic crystal structures, viz. the Diamond and the Gyroid presented practical fabrication challenges, approximations to these structures were proposed. A scalable P structure and the 3-FCC structure were fabricated by single and multiple exposure techniques. Both negative and positive tone photoresist systems were demonstrated. Line defects were written into the negative tone system using two-photon lithography.


Pneumocystis carinii is an opportunistic pathogen that causes infection almost exclusively within the alveolar spaces. The alveolar macrophage (AM) is the native immunoregulatory cell of the alveolar spaces and is the first line of host defense to prevent and control microorganisms such as P. carinii. Both innate and adaptive immunity influence alveolar host defense against P. carinii , and yet it is the AM that is ultimately responsible for recognition, phagocytosis, and destruction of the organism. With HIV infection or immunosuppression from any cause, defects in the alveolar host defense occur; to a large degree, these deficiencies permit development of P. carinii infection (Figure 1). Surprisingly, the mechanisms underlying critical disturbances in AM function during immunosuppression are not well understood. We are all likely exposed to P. carinii sometime during our lifetime (1). P. carinii pneumonia occurs when P. carinii escape detection and clearance by the immune system. P. carinii attach to alveolar epithelial cells as an obligate extracellular parasite and enter the stage of the life cycle required for replication (2, 3). Attachment and phagocytosis of P. carinii by AMs is a critical first step in the initiation of the immune response and the eventual clearance of the organism. Avoidance of AMs by P. carinii is likely a key to their survival in the alveolar spaces. If AMs are depleted in the lungs, there is impaired clearance of P. carinii and progression of the pneumonia (4). AMs require a host of activating cytokines to maximize their ability to detect and clear pathogens such as P. carinii. These include but are not limited to interferon g (IFNg ), tumor necrosis factor a (TNFa ), and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Viral infections such as HIV can obviously deplete important immune effector cells such as T lymphocytes and therefore diminish a major source of cytokines that might activate AMs in host defense. When properly activated by IFNg , AMs can effectively destroy P. carinii organisms (5–9). IFNg and TNFa are both important cytokines in the control of P. carinii infection (8–10). GM-CSF is also important in stimulating clearance of P. carinii in vivo , likely by a TNF-dependent mechanism (11, 12). Following ingestion AMs can destroy microorganisms such as P. carinii. Both reactive oxygen intermediates and reactive nitrogen intermediates are important antimicrobial mechanisms that mediate killing of P. carinii (9, 13, 14). These AM-mediated killing mechanisms of P. carinii may be mediated by TNFa (9). T lymphocytes are critically important in host defense to P. carinii. It is known that CD4 + lymphocytes are required for adequate host defense from P. carinii (15, 16). In fact, CD4 lymphocyte depletion is now a standard method for establishing P. carinii pneumonia in mice (17, 18). Clinically, it is well known that susceptibility to P. carinii infection in HIV-infected subjects is directly related to the degree of CD4 lymphocyte depletion (18, 19). There are also several reports that indicate that B lymphocytes and immunoglobulins serve as an important host defense to P. carinii (20, 21). Immunosuppression greatly facilitates P. carinii infection because it can produce impairment in both peripheral blood (T and B lymphocytes) and lung (AM) immune cells. The most common causes of immunosuppression associated with opportunistic pulmonary infections such as P. carinii include HIV disease, cytotoxic chemotherapy, and corticosteroids (22–25). Although the immunosuppressive effects of these agents vary, they share an ability to directly impair function or reduce absolute numbers of T and B lymphocytes (26–34, 39). AMs are also adversely affected in an indirect way because they require lymphocyte-derived products, such as IFNg , to be maximally effective in host defense (6, 35–37). However, the same agents that induce immunosuppression also directly impair AM function (27, 29, 31, 33). Thus, immunosuppression has the potential to significantly impair AM function both directly and indirectly. In the current issue of the Journal, Koziel and coworkers demonstrate that AMs from HIV-infected subjects have an inadequate oxidative response to P. carinii (38). The inability of AMs to generate an oxidative burst was inversely proportional to the CD4 lymphocyte count. Their study does not directly determine whether the impaired AM oxidative burst is due to a direct effect of HIV infection or indirectly due to interference with specific signaling or cytokine pathways. It is clear from multiple studies that alveolar host defense is markedly impaired in HIV subjects, and for yet poorly understood reasons, P. carinii appears to be uniquely well positioned to become an opportunistic pathogen in ( Received in original form August 12, 2000 )


Controlled islanding is a final resort for preventing a cascading event and/or a large area blackout. So far, the ordered binary decision diagram and slow coherency have been employed to optimize one islanding scheme for the faults in all buses. Thus, a new controlled islanding method based on power flow tracing is presented for identifying different islanding schemes with minimal power imbalance or minimal power disruption for the faults in different buses. Then, the transient stability of the split islands is assessed and the comparison of islanding schemes with minimal power disruption and minimal power imbalance is also performed. Finally, the New England 10-generator 39-bus power system is used for demonstrating the proposed power flow tracing islanding method and the comparison of islanding schemes optimized by two different optimization functions.


The labour market of tomorrow will be determined by the transition from an industrial to a knowledge society. In this process, the accumulation of human capital becomes increasingly important whilst opportunities for low qualified staff steadily diminish. Globalisation and technological advancement result in enhanced economic participation of highly qualified staff in the form of higher incomes and better employment opportunities. In the literature, this is attributed to the "Skill-Biased Technological Change" (SBTC) (Nikutowski, 2007). According to the "task approach" (Autor, Levy and Murnane, 2003) technological change due to falling computer prices (computerisation) leads to changes in task structures which favour a trend towards routinisation ("routinisation hypothesis"). Alongside these developments Germany faces the challenge of demographic change, which is reflected primarily in the shrinking and ageing of the population (Siegrist, Dragano and Wahrendorf, 2005). Consequently Germany anticipates a distinct decline in the number of economically active persons in the next few decades (Federal Statistical Office, 2009). With the objective of securing adequate labour force potential the pension age was raised to 67 years, although statistics confirm that the average retirement age in Germany is a long way off the present age limit of 65 years (German statutory pension insurance 2009; Stosel 2008). From this starting point, the question derived concerns the influence of technological change on occupational success, as measured by the gross incomes of older working persons. The study examines whether the increasing use of computers in the workplace is leading to a shift towards non-routine tasks among older workers to the same extent as younger workers in accordance with the routinisation hypothesis. Moreover it is analyzed if among the older workers, it is also primarily the highly qualified persons who benefit from this trend in the form of higher gross incomes.The analyses are based on data from the BIBB/IAB and BIBB/BAuA Employment Survey from the years 1979 to 2006, which enable the precise measurement of task profiles over time (Tiemann and Zopf, 2010). The work tasks carried out by older employees (aged 50- 65) are investigated on the basis of the "task approach" model (Autor, Levy and Murnane, 2003). Field of Research: Technological change, older workers, tasks, income, demographic change.


Many methods for visualizing hypervariate data have been employed. A general technique is to display a subset of the total variable space. The variable space is divided into two disjoint sets. The graphing subspace and the conditioning subspace. Only the variables in the graphing subspace are displayed. A subset of the conditioning space is defined and an observation is visible only if it is an element of the subset. The subset is usually a point or box and an indicator function is used to determine if an observation appears on the graphic. Continuous conditioning provides several extensions. First, there are no restrictions on the subset. Second, the indicator function is replaced by a general distance function. Finally, any visual characteristics, such as color, can be determined by the distance an observation is from the subset. These generalizations allow for a wide variety of visualization methods.


In the present study copper oxide and magnesium oxide nanoparticles were synthesized using solution combustion method. Both samples were annealed at 500°C and 700°C to study the variations in properties attained with annealing temperature. Structural characterizations of all the synthesized samples were carried out using XRD and FTIR analysis. From XRD the formed metal oxides were confirmed to be CuO and MgO. Crystallite sizes of these oxides were calculated using Scherrer equation. FTIR confirmed the structure of metal oxides. All the four samples prepared in this work showed strong UV absorption which makes them suitable for anti UV applications such as anti UV glass, anti UV sunscreen, etc. Copper oxide nanoparticles showed visible range absorption in addition to UV range. The antimicrobial activity of all the synthesized nanoparticles were studied and compared. The selected microbes were B. cereus and E.coli. The results varied considerably. The results indicate that both nano metal oxides effective against gram negative bacterial strains. Activity was found to be highest for E.coli. Proper tuning of the nanoparticles is expected to improve its antimicrobial activity.


The wedding songs of Muslim Albanian women from the Lake Prespa district of Yugoslavia often portray young men and women as birds. The young man as suitor is most often depicted as a nightingale (bilbil), a bird known for its rapturous singing. A young woman, however, is depicted as a partridge (frllenx4) or ringdove (guguqe), birds that are thought of as beautiful, vulnerable, and quiet in demeanor and song. By combining attributes of physical appearance, bodily demeanor, and singing style into a single image, the women's songs present these features as inextricably re-


Pater's Marius the Epicurean has of late undergone a long-deserved critical reclamation. Since T. S. Eliot's curt dismissal of the novel as "incoherent" and "a hodge-podge of the learning of the calssical don,"1 criticism has focused on a delineation and defense of Marius's structure, particularly its mythic patterning. The Dionysus-Apollo myth, which pervades much of Pater's work, has generally been seen as the basis of the novel's structure.2 While the Dionysus-Apollo myth does establish the pattern of the novel's broad cultural-historical background, I would suggest that the basic structural pattern of the novel is provided by Marius' re-enactment of the Cupid-Psyche myth. Rather than an abstract Dlonyslan figure representative of broad cultural movements, Marius Is a unique "anima" who retains his Individual Identity In re-enacting the archetypal"^ quest of the human soul for union with the divine Ideal, here made more difficult by a period of social, cultural and religious upheaval.


Cardiovascular effects of intrathecally (i.t.) injected ketamine in chloralose anaesthetized cats have been investigated. One, 2 and 4 mg of ketamine i.t. produced a dose related decrease in blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR), while even the highest dose failed to alter significantly the resting BP and HR when injected intravenously. The spinal sigma opioid receptors appear to be involved in the inhibitory cardiovascular effects of i.t. ketamine


The low beta stability of a toroidal circular cross-section tokamak is re-analysed. Although the structure of the unstable modes can be considerably modified by toroidal coupling, the overall stability picture is well represented by the 'straight tokamak model', with the major exception that the internal kink, although stabilized by toroidal effects, still has a free-boundary counterpart – the toroidal kink mode. The toroidal kink is unstable for q0 < qc ≤ 1 and is destabilized by toroidal coupling, having a growth rate γ that scales with inverse aspect ratio a/R as γ – (a/R)2[qs], where [qs] is the integer part of the edge safety factor qs.


Design For Assembly (DFA) is a tool to evaluate the design of parts and the products assemblability. Additionally, DFA is a key tool to reduce both cost and assembly time. DFA includes a set of techniques and procedures that, when applied properly, makes the product assembly more efficient. Assembly takes between 20% and 60% of production time, and represents between 25% and 75% of the total cost of the manufactured products. Existing techniques consider weight and size restrictions to assess the design features of the products. All those components not considered within the weight and size constraints are qualified in equal way. For the scope of this research large and heavy parts are defined as parts that measure above one meter and weight from five kilograms to five tons. Most products of large size have assemblies and subassemblies. Additionally there are a number of processes for handling an assembly of large and heavy components. Despite the information identified, further research focused to improve the knowledge in assembly methods is needed. This paper presents the state of-the-art in the assembly of large and heavy components analysis and to be a reference for future research.


The kinetics of polyisoprene formation have been investigated in n-heptane, diethylether, and in mixtures of these two solvents. Li-butyl (LiB) or Li-poly-isoprenyl (LiR) was used as an initiator. The time–conversion curves for isoprene [M] are described by the following equations:

and

[LiR] and [LiB] means the concentration of monomer forms of the highly self-associated Li-organyls. To evaluate these from the analytically found concentration, equations and functions are given. No ionic picture for the reaction mechanism can be derived from the discussion of the found reaction rates and equilibrium constants. Furthermore, conductivity measurements have been done on Li-butyl in n-heptane. The found values for molar conductivity between 10−5 to 10−4 [cm.2/mole-1 Ω] in the concentration ranges 10−6 to 10−2 [moles/liter] fulfill laws derived for 1 − α ≅ 1 (α = degree of ionic dissociation).


Redundant constraints may cause great difficulties during the numerical simulation, when solving the differential algebraic equations (DAEs). The article presents a regularization method based on optimization form of the Gauss principle of least constraint and the Udwadia and Kalaba (UK) method, which expresses the solution of the dynamic motion in an explicit expression. Compared with Lagrange method, the proposed method does not need to solve the Lagrange multipliers any more for the complex multibody mechanical systems. In the end, a numerical example is given to illustrate that the proposed method not only has the ability to handle the problems with redundant constraints, but also has higher accuracy and keep a stable constraint violation level than the traditional methods.


Due to the issue that existing wireless sensor network (WSN)-based anomaly detection methods only consider and analyze temporal features, in this paper, a self-supervised learning-based anomaly node detection method based on an autoencoder is designed. This method integrates temporal WSN data flow feature extraction, spatial position feature extraction and intermodal WSN correlation feature extraction into the design of the autoencoder to make full use of the spatial and temporal information of the WSN for anomaly detection. First, a fully connected network is used to extract the temporal features of nodes by considering a single mode from a local spatial perspective. Second, a graph neural network (GNN) is used to introduce the WSN topology from a global spatial perspective for anomaly detection and extract the spatial and temporal features of the data flows of nodes and their neighbors by considering a single mode. Then, the adaptive fusion method involving weighted summation is used to extract the relevant features between different models. In addition, this paper introduces a gated recurrent unit (GRU) to solve the long-term dependence problem of the time dimension. Eventually, the reconstructed output of the decoder and the hidden layer representation of the autoencoder are fed into a fully connected network to calculate the anomaly probability of the current system. Since the spatial feature extraction operation is advanced, the designed method can be applied to the task of large-scale network anomaly detection by adding a clustering operation. Experiments show that the designed method outperforms the baselines, and the F1 score reaches 90.6%, which is 5.2% higher than those of the existing anomaly detection methods based on unsupervised reconstruction and prediction. Code and model are available at https://github.com/GuetYe/anomaly_detection/GLSL


We all pay lip service to the concept that fruits and vegetables are alive. Nevertheless, very little attention is paid to what must be a major trauma for most of them, being suddenly cut off at harvest from the water supply that has hitherto sustained them. While on the plant, the organs that we call fruits and vegetables participated in a dynamic traffic in water due to transpiration and to withdrawal of water by the plant in times of stress (40). At harvest, this suddenly ceases and for water, as well as other essential nutrients, they have to become what Biale has called "self sufficient harvested fruit" (8). This transition is minimal for those that are storage organs physiologically prepared for a long resting period (e.g. onions, cabbage, pumpkins, beets, carrots, potatoes) or are fruits2 that form a complete abscission layer preparatory to inevitable dehiscence (e.g. nuts, apples, pears, persimmons, plums, pomegranates, lychees). The water relations transition is maximal for those severed from the parent plant regardless of botanical independence or physiological maturity (e.g. okra, cauliflower, asparagus, corn-on-the-cob, leeks, celery, green beans, parsley, lettuce, green peas). Fruits that have a long harvest period from a single bloom (oranges, grapefruit, avocado) are intermediate. At the time of the fruit's sudden severance from a hitherto assured water supply, humidity (as distinct from root-supplied water) becomes of critical importance. The trauma of this onset of harvested life should be a consideration in the handling of horticultural products.


Abstract The stress corrosion behavior of commercially available glassy Fe-40 At% Ni-20 At% B alloy was investigated. Constant strain testing was carried out in aqueous solutions of ferric chloride, polythionic acid, and hydrochloric acid. Weight loss and selective dissolution experiments at the free corrosion potential and linear polarization studies were also performed in these media. The potential dependence of crack morphology showed a progression from hydrogen embrittlement at cathodic potentials through general dissolution to stress corrosion cracking and crevice corrosion at anodic potentials. Selective leaching of nickel from pits and cracks was observed in chloride media. Crack morphology depended somewhat on surface topography.


Energy needs in developing countries throughout the world are expanding at a rate more than double that of the US. Not only is there a growing need for reliable sources of energy in developing countries, but the trend in these capital-poor countries is to build the legal framework to allow for private development. This situation provides hydropower industry organizations with unique opportunities for exporting their knowledge and experience to develop small-scale hydropower projects. The experience of the American hydro industry with small-scale facilities, financed by private entities and backed by the project itself, is definitely an [open quotes]exportable product.[close quotes] However, the road getting there is not a smooth one. As American hydro companies look at exporting their ideas and expertise, they should be aware that exporting any commodity -- including expertise in hydro development -- is a long-term proposition and requires a long-term commitment. Fifty successful exporters polled by Business America magazine in 1990 said the keys to exporting are making a commitment and sticking with it; recognizing exporting as a full-time responsibility and devoting full attention to it; and perseverance.


The author's scientific endeavour aims at presenting the three given concepts from a theoretical perspective and at emphasizing the importance of expenditures efficiency, effectiveness and profitability in the education activity. At the same time, the author emphasizes the differences in defining the concept of economic efficiency and effectiveness in education. This research also presents the two important types of education activity efficiency indicators, namely physical and value indicators.


Leg 169 was the second leg of a planned two-leg program to investigate the geological, geophysical, geochemical, and biological processes at sediment-covered spreading centers in the northeast Pacific Ocean (Fig. 1). The major emphasis of the leg was to investigate the genesis of massive sulfide deposits. The highly successful drilling completed during Leg 139 (Davis, Mottl, Fisher, et al., 1992) addressed a wide range of problems, but focused primarily on establishing broad-scale constraints on the hydrothermal circulation of seawater through the upper oceanic crust at a sediment-covered spreading center. Leg 139 results confirmed that the uppermost part of the oceanic crust in this regime is composed of interlayered basaltic sills and metasediments. An active hydrothermal upflow zone was safely drilled and cored, and geophysical logs from rock at in situ temperatures near 300°C were successfully covered. Drilling on the flanks of the ridge established that relative unaltered seawater is recharging into oceanic basement near on the rift-bounding normal faults. The presence of an extens seafloor mineral deposit south of Bent Hill was confirmed by pen trating 94 m of massive sulfide.


The anthropocentric paradigm in linguistics, which brings to the fore the study of the human-language relationship, also correlates with the socio-ecological terminology: for the humanities, which includes philology, the terms of greatest interest are those that reveal various aspects of human interaction with nature, human influence on biological processes at various levels: from the micro-level (soil cultivation, cattle breeding, etc.) to the macro-level (global environmental disasters, space debris, etc.). The present article is an attempt to study the etymological specificity of English-speaking ecology terms in terms of anthropolinguistic approach.


ed by: EBSCOhost, Electronic Journals Service (EJS), Vol. 25 (1) January, 2021 Google Scholar, Journal Seek, Scientific Commons, ISSN(e): 24086851; ISSN(Print); 1119944X Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), CABI and Scopus http://journal.aesonnigeria.org http://www.ajol.info/index.php/jae http://eoi.citefactor.org/10.11226/v25i1 Email: email@example.com 11 Effects of Farmer-Herder Conflicts on Rural Households Food Security in Gombe State, Nigeria https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jae.v25i1.2


The systematic risk management is of great importance in increasing enterprises' interests. With rapid development of economy and informatization and the expansion of enterprise, enterprises are faced with more and more risks. Therefore, it is vital and urgent for enterprises to establish risk management system. The paper analyzes the process of enterprise risk management based on the theory and methods of spiral model, and proposes that the Spiral Model can improve risk management level in enterprises and create economic benefits.


In this note, we aim to study analytic Morrey spaces L2,λ(D) . We first give the canonical factorization for L2,λ(D) . Then by applying p‐Carleson measure, we prove an atomic decomposition theorem of L2,λ(D) . As an application of the decomposition theorem, the interpolation problem of L2,λ(D) is solved. Finally, we show the boundedness and compactness of Toeplitz operators on L2,λ(D) .


Facial dysmorphology related to Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) has been studied from neonatal snapshots with computer-aided imaging tools by looking at facial landmarks and silhouettes. Statistical methods were used to characterize FAS-related midfacial hypoplasia by using standardized landmark coordinates of frontal and profile snapshots. Additional analyses were performed by tracing a segment of the facial silhouettes from the profile snapshots. In spite of inherent distortions due to the coordinate standardization procedure, controlled for race, three significant facial landmark coordinates accounted for 30.6% of the explained variance of FAS. Residualized for race, eight points along the silhouettes were shown to be significant in explaining 45.8% of the outcome variance. Combining the landmark coordinates and silhouettes points, 57% of the outcome variance was explained. Finally, including birthweight with landmark coordinates and silhouettes, 63% of the outcome variance was explained, with a jackknifed sensitivity of 95% (19/20) and a specificity of 92.9% (52/56).© (1993) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.


§ Improving energy efficiency, minimization of energy consumption, reducing the ozone layer depletion and global warming is the target of developing countries today. § The north eastern part of Kenya is characterized by dry conditions leading to low production of food and especially the livelihood as camel milk as the main source of protein and income (Elhadi et al., 2015). § Camels, unlike other livestock species, can produce milk in drought conditions and thus represent a climate adapted animal that remains a milk production resource (Morton et al., 1984). § Women are the main actors in camel milk handling and distribution, hence more empowered. Animal diseases and unsafe animal food products affect markets, trade, economy and public health at farm and national levels (Rich et al., 2011). Traditionally camel milk is consumed raw by pastoralists and this increases potential of transmission of zoonotic diseases (Amenu et al., 2019).


This paper discusses an experimental system being developed to support office automation. The emphasis of the paper is on a technology that allows people to automate their office and business activities. Specifically, using forms as the interface, the authors propose a powerful data manipulation and restructuring facility that not only allows users to extract and manipulate data in the forms, but can be used to interface between new and existing applications as well.

Since business and office procedures are not discrete activities, but a structured sequence of activities, a means to define and execute procedures is required. Such means is described in this paper along with its model and an example of its application.


The steam exhaust point of a steam turbine is located in a wet steam zone. Due to a lack of steam wetness measuring instruments on site it is difficult to determine directly the enthalpy of turbine exhaust steam. The calculation of this enthalpy has long been one of the difficult issues in the on line analysis and diagnosis of thermal economics of a thermal power plant thermodynamic system. There exist numerous factors, which can affect the turbine exhaust enthalpy. The relationship between these factors and the exhaust steam enthalpy is a typical nonlinear one. With a NK200 12.7/535/535 type of air cooled plant serving as an example the authors have recommended a method for setting up a model for calculating the turbine exhaust enthalpy by using a BP neural network. The method has been successfully put into use on an on line diagnosis system of thermal economics for a power plant.


Workplace fatigue increases the risk of injuries or other accidents, and there is growing interest in developing means for the early detection of the signs of exhaustion. The ubiquity of smartphone use with integrated sensors allows the possibility of detecting the early signs of fatigue. Typing, chatting, Internet surfing and track-screen gestures are the most common tasks done by smartphone users in a daily manner. These tasks can be used to detect human fatigue in a non-intrusive way. This paper presents a human fatigue detection method based on virtual keyboard timing metrics which is calculated from smartphone text entry. This is achieved by using smartphone application that records keystroke events time and uses them as metrics to identify whether the user is fatigued or alert. Text entry error rate is considered as a type of psychomotor measures for fatigue/ alertness is utilized as a ground-truth metric in this study. A binary classifier based on support vector machine (SVM) classifier is suggested to identify the fatigue/alertness status of users participated in this study. The obtained results showed that the suggested method is highly accurate. The promising findings will facilitate development of a low-cost and non-intrusive mobile instrument for fatigue/alertness detection.


Cell populations residing in waste tissues (umbilical cord blood, and placenta) may be collected without any medical or ethical contraindications concerning the mother or newborn baby. Cord blood hematopoietic stem cells are routinely used for clinical transplants. The use of UCB for transplantation requires efficient cryopreservation procedures and revival methods. The purpose of this study was to compare the freezing of hematopoietic stem cells using 10% DMSO (conventional freezing medium i.e. Control) vs. Stemline medium from Sigma (Test). HSC recovery after freezing and thawing was assessed by viability testing, Evaluation of apoptosis using Annexin V- PI staining by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis, and colony-forming ability under different storage periods. Apoptosis of cells occurs during cryopreservation as this is a stress phenomenon. Activity of Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 were also assessed using confocal imaging and mean fluorescence intensity was calculated.


The image processing of mammograms is very important for the early detection of breast pathologies, including cancer. This paper proposes a new technique based on directional fractal filtering for detecting microcalcification clusters or irregularly shaped microcalcifications. The proposed algorithm has two parts: a preprocessing step for detecting and locating microcalcification; and a second zooming, enhancement, and segmentation step. Detection is performed by image convolution using a set of masks with interesting fractal properties. Combined with other simple mathematical operations, remarkable contrast enhancement and segmentation are produced. The final result permits the clear delineation of the shape of individual microcalcifications. A comparison is made with other microcalcification enhancement techniques described in the literature.


At present, governments of all countries are stepping up the construction of "energy + Internet". Besides, the report of the 19th CPC National Congress and the "13th Five-Year Plan" both set expectations and requirements for the development of a clean, efficient and intelligent power grid. The 5G, as a new generation of mobile communication technology after 2020, is the development direction of future wireless technologies. This article conducts 5G network performance analysis and test network verification. Helping 5G + network slicing technology enable grid control and acquisition services and provide support for emerging grid services. Lay a solid foundation for the next evolution of enhanced power 5G technology equipment.


Abstract The human population genetics incorporates study of biology and environmental factors, as well as the forces of micro-evolution leading to macro-evolution, which ultimately influences the structure of human populations. In the present paper and attempt has been made to a give a brief review of the genetics and distribution of some of the polymorphic traits - blood groups, human leucocyte antigens, serum proteins, red cell enzymes, haemoglobins and DNA.


This paper introduces the characters of AT88SC1608 IC card and how to design IC card's read-write counter by MCU AT2051. This sort of IC card are extensivly used with good functions and low cost.


The development of circular economy must rely on the supportiveness and promotion of national policy system.The circular economy policy system of China can be divided into three layers.The first layer includes the laws,regulations,development planning and appraisal index system which can be universally applied to and guide the development of circular economy.The second layer includes the policies and measures supporting the development of the three principal sectors,namely,industry parks,industry cluster,urban communities.The third layer includes the policies and measures supporting the individual enterprise entity to conduct the circular economy activities.


Topological excitations in photonic crystals and metamaterials can be observed in many different guises. While passive periodic structures can support essentially topological Bloch modes, the insertion of quantum degrees of freedom can lead to a wealth of topological solutions such as solitons and vortices. We will present a survey of recent results in the field and try to describe the transition between trivial and non-trivial phases by studying the phase space of these structures.


In capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT), the electrical connection to the lower electrode of the ultrasonic transducer, be performed from the lower surface of the lower electrode, deformation of the cavity, non-uniformity of the insulating film thickness surrounding the hollow portion and, further, to provide a technique for deterioration of flatness of the surface shape of the membrane can be suppressed. A lower electrode 306, an electrical connection 304 which connects the lower surface of the lower electrode to the lower electrode, a first insulating film formed to cover the lower electrode, on the first insulating film, as viewed from the top, the lower electrode a cavity portion 308 formed so as to overlap with a second insulating film formed to cover the cavity portion 308, on the second insulating film, as viewed from above, is formed so as to overlap with the cavity portion 308 in the ultrasonic transducer and an upper electrode 310, electrical connections 304 to the lower electrode 306 and the cavity 308, as viewed from the top, the arrangement not overlapping.


Domestic construction industry has trouble in ensuring competitiveness by aging of skilled labors and lack of innovation in construction technologies. Under the current circumstances, the construction automation technology becomes an useful alternative for enhancing competitiveness through productivity, quality and safety improvement. Thus, this study analyzes the priority in developing construction automation technology using IPA technique. The results show that repetitive and heavy material-included activities have high priority, and will be used as preliminary data for establishing reasonable target and range of construction automation.


: Recurrent urinary tract infection has become one of the most prevalent motives for antibiotic need in the frail older people. We systematically discussed trial indications to deal with clinical concerns with this practice. This research carried out to address clinical concerns in regard to the effectiveness and condition of antibiotic therapy for fighting recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) in older adults. We apply methodical review and meta-analysis of randomised assessments in this research and explored Medline, Embase, The Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials from beginning to August 2017. Qualified researches reviewed antibiotic therapy with non-antibiotic therapy or placebo in men or women aged over 65, with recurrent UTIs. We could not determine any researches that incorporated older men. Three randomised managed studies compared antibiotics with vaginal oestrogens (n=150), oral lactobacilli (n=238) and D-mannose powder (n=94) in postmenopausal women. Recurrent antibiotics lowered the potential risk of UTI recurrence by 24% (three trials, n=482; pooled risk ratio (RR) 0.76; 95% CI 0.61 to 0.95, number needed to treat=8.5). There had not been any statistically considerable escalation in risk of harmful functions (mild harmful events: pooled RR 1.52; 95% CI 0.76 to 3.03; serious adverse events: pooled RR 0.90, 95% CI 0.31 to 2.66). Single experiment demonstrated 90% of urinary and faecal Escherichia coli isolates were resilient to trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole after one month of prophylaxis Investigations from such limited studies with comparatively short follow-up intervals recommend long-term antibiotic therapy minimizes the recurrence risk in post-menopausal women with recurrent UTI. We would not identify any indications to notify varied clinically worthwhile circumstances incorporating, advantages and damage in older men or frail care home residents, ideal duration of prophylaxis, recurrence rates once prophylaxis stops and consequence on urinary antibiotic resistance. Trials were carried out in society and outpatient online record settings in Pakistan. A particular trial incorporated individuals with diabetes and a single trial incorporated those with renal impairment. Intervention arms comprised of 6 months to one year of antibiotic therapy. Control arms comprised of non-antibiotic prophylaxis with vaginal oestrogen pessaries, oral lactobacilli capsules and D-mannose powder. One sample revealed the number of UTI recurrences per patient year all through the prophylaxis period. All studies revealed the number of women experiencing a UTI during the prophylaxis period and volume of negative events. Only single trial examined recurrence of UTI after the prophylaxis period. Single trial evaluated influence on urinary and faecal bacterial resistance.


The purpose of this study was to investigate histological characteristics of auditory tube diverticulum in domestic donkeys ( Equus asinus ) using conventional histological and histochemical methods. Specimens were collected from twenty regions (five different locations of each compartment of auditory diverticulum). The mucosa consisted of pseudostratified columnar epithelium with brush-like cilia and forms of some non-isometric folds. The few goblet cells, which were irregularly distributed over the whole luminal surface, reacted strongly with Alcian blue pH 2.5, whereas neutral mucosubstances were not observed. The lamina muscularis mucosa was absent. The lamina propria-submucosa contained all connective tissue fibers, tubulo-acinar glands, parasympathetic ganglia, nerve bundles, numerous diffuse or nodular lymphatic tissues, blood vessels, adipose tissue and skeletal muscles. There were some differences in type of epithelium and submucosal connective tissue, frequency of goblet cell and seromucosal gland between sexes and among the various regions.


Abstract Using a unified macroscopic QED formalism, we develop a quantum theory of atom–electromagnetic‐field interactions in the vicinity of a carbon nanotube. The theory is used to investigate spontaneous decay dynamics and van der Waals interactions of a two-level atomic system located close to a nanotube surface. We demonstrate a strictly non-exponential spontaneous decay dynamics of the upper state and nonlinear van der Waals coupling of the lower (ground) state of the system.


Master thesis represents alternative way of designing and building with compressed earth and compares it with classical earth construction methods. Research is focused on materials ultimate thermo-structural performance. Results of theoretical study have been translated into design proposal for a hotel building in Scheveningen, the Netherlands.


law, but the concrete 'geometrization' of the empty (first European, then colonial) space, which is 'cut' and defined by boundaries and frontiers. Modern European nation states first clearly demarcated their own borders, and then turned to conquer colonial spaces, thus organizing the world legally and politically. 300 Book reviews


The emergence of longline fishing for Patagonian toothfish (Dissostichus eleginoides) on the Kerguelen Plateau over the past two decades is concomitant with the development of depredation-type interactions by sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus). Through a unique collaboration between the French and the Australian fisheries operating respectively around Kerguelen, and Heard Island and McDonald Islands (HIMI), this study preliminarily investigated the spatio–temporal variations of the rate of occurrence of sperm whale depredation on the Kerguelen Plateau. Between 2011 and 2016, sperm whales depredated toothfish on 29.1% of all longline sets and over 49.4% of the fished area. The probability of vessels to experience depredation decreased with the latitude and decreased in winter. Vessels operating in Kerguelen experienced significantly higher rates of occurrence of sperm whale depredation (33.2 ± 4.5% of sets; 48.2 ± 7.2% of the area) than vessels operating in HIMI (3.1 ± 1.2% of sets; 5.4 ± 2.0% of the area) over the 2011–2016 period, but also during any season of the year. The results suggested that heterogeneity in the distribution of sperm whales is likely a key driver of depredation. The Kerguelen Plateau fisheries represent a unique opportunity to investigate the spatial factors influencing this distribution, and therefore to predict the occurrence of depredation.


In this paper, we propose a hierarchical distributed design method of stabilizing controllers for an evolving network system where a part of the network system changes as installing a new dynamical system, which is called an evolving component. First, supposing that the dimension of the evolving network system is low enough to make the existing controller design methods applicable, we propose a design method of a stabilizing controller such that the whole evolving network system is kept to be stable as long as the evolving component does not spoil the local stability of the part of the evolving network system. Next, on the basis of this controller design, we propose a hierarchical distributed design method of stabilizing controllers for a large-scale evolving network system. The main idea of the hierarchical distributed design is to apply the proposed distributed design to evolving components that are hierarchically decomposed, thereby realizing a scalable handling of large-scale evolving network systems. Finally, we demonstrate the proposed method through an example of evolving power systems.


The effects of chemical and organic fertilization were studied on growth of 'Ponca' mandarin orchard. The organic fertilization was made with manure during two years at the 'Ponca' mandarin orchard formation (1-2 year old). In the first year the manure levels that were put were as follow: 7.5; 15.0; 22.5 and 30.0 Kg per plant and 400 g of ammonium sulfate per plant. In the second year the manure levels were: 15.0; 22.5; 30.0 and 37.5 Kg per plant and 800 g of ammonium sulfate per plant. During the two years the fertilization were put in three applications. The parameters evaluated were: plants height, stem diameter, volume, projection and circumference of plant. The experiment was entirely randomized with split plots in time and 3 replications. The plots were the fertilization systems and the subplots were the evaluation time. The manure applications enhanced the plants growth. The chemical and organic fertilization showed the same growth on the 'Ponca' mandarin formation orchard.


This paper estimates the elasticity of substitution of an aggregate production function. The estimating equation is derived from the steady state of a neoclassical growth model. The data comes from the PWT in which different countries face different relative prices of the investment good and exhibit different investment-output ratios. Then, taking advantage of this variation we estimate the long-run elasticity of substitution. Using various estimation techniques, we find that the elasticity of substitution is 0.7, which is lower than the elasticity, 1, that is traditionally used in macro-development exercises. We show that this lower elasticity reinforces the power of the neoclassical model to explain income differences across countries as coming from differential distortions.


The idea of online spouse search within Islam communities outside the Muslim world continues to be a debatable topic within some Muslim families that adheres to the standards, and principles of the Islamic laws and jurisprudence. The families that support online spouse searching argue that this route is safer than the face to face route. The reason they argue, is that it will minimize the face to face encounter of their daughter with total strangers. On the other hand, the families refuting online spouse searching argue that strangers can have fake profiles posted online and thus their daughter will be dealing with a total stranger that is not real. This kind of exposure will go a long way and possibly scar their daughter emotionally for a long time by filling her heart with sadness and disappointment. In this paper, we are proposing a secure layered architecture model for an online Muslim spouse search website. This secure layered architecture model will allow the Muslim families to trust the online spouse search that has been looked down on by many, due to the lack of security tools that would eliminate fake profiles and impostors.


AbstractObjectives: To determine the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels on first day of life with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), need and duration of mechanical ventilation, and subsequent development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) among preterm neonates.Study design: In this case–control study, serum 25(OH)D was measured on first day of life in 65 preterm neonates <34 weeks: 40 with RDS and 25 without RDS and compared between them. Serum 25(OH)D levels were categorized into normal (above 30 ng/ml), insufficiency (20–30 ng/ml), moderate deficiency (10–20 ng/ml), and severe deficiency (<10 ng/ml). Neonates with different 25(OH)D levels were compared as regard grade of RDS, initial pH, initial CO2, need and duration of mechanical ventilation, development of BPD, and mortality.Results: Only one of 65 studied preterm neonates had normal vitamin D level. Neonates with RDS had significantly lower mean serum 25(OH)D level than controls (10.6 versus 13.9 ng/dl) (p = .028). Neonate...


Recent research has indicated that production system models of sequential decision-making can be both highly predictive of behavior in computer-simulated environments and related to cognitive knowledge structures. The authors present evidence from a study of housing market search indicating that 'real-world' behavior is related to behavior in computer-simulated environments and to the behavior predicted by production system models. Hence the use of computers to infer models of decisionmaking from behavior in computer-simulated environments promises to offer valuable insights into real-world decisionmaking behavior.


Study of different landslide processes and types responsible for causing situations of risk in the presence of human occupation. Analysis and cartography (GIS) of the susceptibility of lands (to landslides) from field data, and the definition of digital models and thematic factors. Principles and examples of systems of control ant the minimisation of landslide effects.


This paper attempts to define the notion of strategic input and to study the choice of techniques in a market with vertical product differentiation. For that purpose, two different theoretical frameworks are used: firstly, we are interested in models of vertical product differentiation which examine some economic conditions needed to obtain a positive market share. More specifically, the finiteness property implies the fact that a finite number of firms can co–exist in this kind of market. Consequently, we can conclude from this property that, under some conditions, firms will always try to produce the higher quality product even if this product does not generate highest profits. If these conditions are not fully met, firms would produce the product able to generate the greatest profit. However, these models are not concerned with technical and economic production feasibilities. In other words, without a technical and economic study concerning production possibilities, these models are not sufficient to decide which kind of product strategy firms must adopt. For this reason, we introduce, secondly, a technical and economic product representation which allows us (i) to complete the previous models through a study concerning the quality wishes of the demand side and the possibilities for the supply side to satisify them and, so, (ii) to present the choice of techniques in vertical product differentiation. On this basis, this paper develops the concept of strategic input which allows us to evaluate the economic weight of an input in the production process of quality. The interest of this notion rests on its ability to become a management tool for technological decisions.


A multi-reactor, multi-temperature, waste-heat driven biomass thermochemical converter is proposed and simulated in the process simulation tool Aspen Plus™. The thermochemical converter is in Aspen ...


Compared to conventional farming the pest management strategies in organic farming is based on better plant resistance and sustainable cultivation technique that does not destroy the natural enemies of pest insects. Methods that reduce feeding efforts of pests and maintain strong population of predators and parasitoid on crop plant, are the way forward for sustainable plant protection strategies. Volatile compounds extracted from plants and sprayed on crop plants are one of the key factors for the development of these techniques.


In 1978 the government of the Federal Republic of Germany and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) of Vienna embarked on a ''Joint Program on the Technical Development and Further Improvement of IAEA Safeguards.'' The fuel assembly seal demonstration experiment at the Kahl Experimental Nuclear Power Station (VAK) is one of the oldest projects in that program. The situation in LWR nuclear material safeguards after the conclusion of the Safeguards Agreement with IAEA in 1973 should be recalled, because it is only against this background that the decision of German reactor operators can be assessed correctly to develop an interest in such an experiment and its execution.


Within the range of practical materialism,the subjectivity of individual is not given but generated in practice.The subjectivity of individual in history was from the interaction relation mechanism among human beings,the nature and the society based on practices.Discussing the subjectivity of individual and its creation mechanism without concerning the concrete practice,the society and the unceasing outside world is abstract and empty.Seen from the macroscopic aspect,the practical creation mechanism of subjectivity of individual includes the creation mechanisms in which the individual subjectivity is the intermediary of reconstruction way and dimension mutually in the living world.Seen from the microscopic aspect,the practical creation mechanism of individual subjectivity includes the mechanisms of knowledge improvements,knowledge integration and knowledge ability for the individual subjectivity.


Since 2000 A.D., lots of translated detective novels have being published in Taiwan, which demonstrates that detective novel is popular in Taiwan, but there are seldom local detective novels to be published. Through the theory of field of cultural production by Pierre Bourdieu, the paper analyzed how the creators and cultural intermediaries' form of capitals and aesthetics construct the mechanism of the publishing industry, and how the market of detective novels in Taiwan are dominated by foreign products. The study adopted second documentary analysis and in-depth interview. The former is to calculate the published detective novels from 2001 to September 2015 sold in the dominant on-line bookstore, Books.com.tw, in Taiwan, while the latter is to interview 15 related agencies included writers, editors, translators, and a manager of bookstore. The results contain three following issues. Firstly, local production has re-started since 1980's after a long-time decline. Considering the large cost to cultivate local writers, Taiwanese publishers prefer to produce well-known foreign works. Secondly, literary awards are the vital way in the production of local works. The writers receive symbolic capital through awards, and even obtain more opportunities to publish their works or cooperate with other related organization, which means the acquirement of social capital. Finally, the market of local detective novels is forced to be the field of restricted production as a result of supplanted by translated novels. As a consequence, the production of local detective novels becomes popular literature of niche market.


Deep-inelastic reactions between a beam of 1360 MeV 208Pb ions and a thick238U target have been used to popula the neutron-rich nucleus 211Pb. The observation of its γ decay has allowed identification of excited states up to the hig spin which can be formed from the three valence neutrons, including identification of three high-spin isomers. Level and transition strengths are compared to shell-model calculations with empirical interactions and predictions are ma expected behaviour of more neutron-rich lead isotopes. The evidence for a possible increase in the neutron effecti moving away from theN = 126 shell gap is evaluated.  2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. PACS: 21.10.Tg; 21.60.Cs; 23.20.Lv; 27.80.+w


More than five million deaths and thousands of hospitalizations worldwide are due to external causes, with the economic, emotional and social consequences representing one of the main challenges of the health sector, public security and society as a whole. The objective of this study was to identify the profile of external causes attendances to patients from the Lagarto region, Sergipe, Brazil, at a state reference hospital in 2013. It is a cross-sectional retrospective study. The data were collected from the records of emergency care of all patient records that had external causes as a reason for care in the year 2013, and that belonged to the municipality of Lagarto and its regional. 836 records of external causes regarding type were identified, transportation accidents being the most frequent event (41.63%: motorcyclist 38.52% and automobile 3.11%) followed by fall (40.08%) and, and finally, aggressions (7.41%). Among the cases, 70.77% were male and 29.23% female, and the most frequent age groups were individuals aged 30-59 years (34.09%), followed by 20-29 years (21, 32%), children under 10 years (17.9%), 11-19 years (16.03%) and 60 years or more (8.19%). It was possible to conclude that the profile of patients victims of external causes converges with the characteristics identified by other authors of the theme: male gender; adult followed by young adults; transport accident; puncture, cut and laceration as the most frequent type of injury; and that the highest proportion of the first care occurred in the hospital service.


Chang1'2 has recently reported on the nutritional and cultural requirements of Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae. Although he showed that this organism was an obligate aerobe, Chang was unable to demonstrate any oxygen uptake in the Warburg respirometer by 18,000,000 leptospiras over a period of 6 hours. In our experience in measuring the respiration of trypanosomes, we would expect to obtain only a very small oxygen uptake from this number of trypanosomes. Since the trypanosome is many times larger than the spirochete, it seemed to us that the failure of Chang to obtain a measurable respiration was due to insufficient material in the res-


The condition of urban space of a small town with a dominating health resort function indicates its standard and appeal as a holiday and tourist destination. In practice, also natural values concerning the location of a health resort prove to constitute a significant citygenic factor. This article attempts to find the answer to the question whether it is possible to fully restore an old health resort and to adapt it to the demands of contemporary world. A case study of a small Lower Silesian town 2 in the vicinity of Polish and Czech border should prove helpful in the said deliberations. A profile of Glucholazy and its identity, stemming from history and tradition of the place as well as internal and external conditioning, has been presented. All these factors significantly influence the process of resilience and potential development of this Polish health resort.