Chi OZ, Hunter C, Liu X, Weiss HR. Departments of Anesthesia, and Physiology and Biophysics, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey. Introduction: Cerebral ischemia increases expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) which is one of the potent agents in increasing blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability (1,2). Inhibition of VEGF may or may not protect brain against ischemia (3,4). No data are available on the effects of inhibition of VEGF on BBB permeability in focal ischemia of the brain. This study was performed to test whether a topical application of anti-VEGF antibody to the cerebral cortex could attenuate the degree of BBB disruption in the focal ischemic area of the brain. Methods: Rats were mechanically ventilated with 2% isoflurane and a craniotomy (5mm in diameter) was performed. The dura was removed to expose the cerebral cortex and anti-VEGF antibody (Lab Vision Corp., Fremont, CA, immunogen, human recombinant VEGF 165) was applied topically (75mg) one hour before middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion and additional anti-VEGF antibody was applied (25 mg) immediately after MCA occlusion (Anti-VEGF Group). For the control animals, normal saline was applied instead of anti-VEGF antibody on the surface of the cortex (Control Group). One hour after MCA occlusion, the transfer coefficient (Ki) of C-a-aminoisobutyric acid and the volume of H-dextran (70,000 daltons) distribution were determined to measure the degree of BBB disruption. Results: There was no significant difference in vital signs, blood gases, and pericranial temperature between the Control and the Anti-VEGF Group. In both of the groups, the Ki of the ischemic cortex (IC) was higher than that of the corresponding contralateral cortex (CC) (p<0.05). The Ki of the IC of the anti-VEGF Group was significantly lower than that of the IC of the Control Group (-34%, p<0.05). The Ki of the CC was similar between these two groups. The Ki of the pons was similar to that of the corresponding CC and was similar between the groups (Fig. 1). The volume of dextran distribution followed a similar pattern to that of the Ki but with no statistical significance (Fig. 2). Conclusion: Our data demonstrated that topical application of antiVEGF antibody to the ischemic cortex could attenuate the BBB disruption that was caused by cerebral focal ischemia. References: 1. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2003;530:611–7. 2. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2002;22:379–92. 3. J Clin Invest. 1999;104:1613–20. 4. Acta Pharmacologia Sinica. 1999;20(4):313–8.


Introduction: Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) rates in the UK are dismal (30%). Lifesaver (www.life-saver.org.uk) is an innovative immersive interactive game that aims to increase the...


Within the recent years contemporary planning frameworks, regarding urban development in the context of climate change, are giving special attention to the development of green walls. Therefore, the paper presents an overview of the actual frameworks that promote the use of this type of greenery, with special attention on international experiences and current situation in the Republic of Serbia. The paper specially stresses the importance of green walls in the context of climate change and its positive influence in the process of adaptation and, above all, in terms of energy savings, reducing air temperatures in urban areas, the urban heat island effects etc. One of the conclusions of the paper points out the necessity for establishing an appropriate policy framework aiming to promote green walls in the Republic of Serbia and as priority activities set out the following: establishment of the procedural framework for adoption of the Law on the protection and improvement of green spaces, developing Regulations for green wall construction and researches aiming to quantify the positive impact of green walls in the context of climate change.


The operational cycle of a storm water quality control basin can be divided into the waiting period between events and the filling and draining period during an event. In this study, an inherent overflow risk is defined as the probability of having a large event exceed the basin storage capacity. Such a probability is prescribed by the basin storage capacity and the local distribution of rainfall event depths. An operational overflow risk is defined as the probability of having the basin overwhelmed by a subsequent storm event during the draining process. An operational risk is found to be dependent on watershed runoff coefficient, basin drain time, local average rainfall event depth, and average rainfall interevent time. In practice, the selection of a basin drain time is a tradeoff between the removal of suspended solids in storm water and the overflow risk. The concept of "the longer, the better "applies to the sedimentation process, but concern for the overflow risk requires that the basin drain as fast as possible. This paper presents a design method by which the overflow risk associated with a basin storage volume can be evaluated for various drain times. The mathematical models developed to describe the distribution of rainfall interevent time and the runoff capture curve provide good agreement with the long-term continuous rainfall data recorded in seven metropolitan areas in the United States. The risk-based approach developed in this study provides a quantifiable basis for making the decision on the operation of a storm water quality control basin.


In spring 2000, the MacMurray College English and Drama Department tried to cross linguistic and cultural boundaries by developing a collaborative production of West Side Story with hearing actors from MacMurray and deaf actors from the Illinois School for the Deaf, both located in Jacksonville, Illinois. From the outset, the idea of creating this production was so clearly appropriate for our students and the community as a whole that no one could believe it had not been done before. On the east side of town stands MacMurray, a small liberal arts college whose largest program is its Deaf and Hard of Hearing Teacher Education major. One mile away, on the west side of town, is the Illinois School for the Deaf, a state-sponsored residential campus without full-time arts programming in the high school. While the schools had maintained a relationship through their student teaching efforts, the students had never collaborated artistically. Within the larger community, interactions between deaf and hearing people have ranged from chance encounters at the local Wal-Mart to a community theatre production of Children of a Lesser God, directed by a deaf woman. Despite these ideal conditions for collaborating, the West Side Story production team and I (as director) faced a host of unexpected problems. This essay explores some of the practical dilemmas we encountered as we negotiated the distinctions between the Deaf and hearing communities. (As I explain below, an individual's identity as "deaf" may be determined by either cultural or strictly audiological determinants. Following the lead of Harlan Lane, author of "Constructions of Deafness," I will capitalize Deaf when referring to culturally determined Deafness and use the lowercase form when referring to deafness as a physical condition not necessarily connected to a cultural identity.)


In this paper we discuss if asset correlations in a Gaussian one factor model are time dependent. Starting from S & P's default study, we examine a random factor loading type model (two correlations for two stages of the economy) and a model with time dependent variance of the common factor. As classical estimation is not very flexible, we apply Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods: An approach proposed by Wendin (2006) (Binomial approach) can be adopted to analyze a two stage correlation model. However an extended version of this Binomial algorithm becomes unstable in more complex models. We therefore develop an asset value approach to handle e.g. time dependence in the variance of the factor. Surprisingly, neither a two stage correlation nor a time dependence of the variance of the factor can be detected from loss rates!


Aim:To explore the effects and mechanism of Aβ1-42 monoclonal antibody(mAb)on cognitional ability in Alzheimer's disease(AD)rats.Methods:A total of 30 SD rats were divided into 3 groups:AD model group(12 rats),treatment group(12 rats)and normal saline group(6 rats).Rats in AD model and treatment groups were made AD model with injection of Aβ1-42 peptide.Rats in treatment group were injected Aβ1-42 mAb through right side ventricle at 14th day after induced injection.Cognitional memory ability was tested by Morris water maze test,and the expression of Aβ and ChAT in brain tissue were examined by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry.Results:Cognitional ability of rats among the 3 groups had siginificant differences(F=23.117,P0.001),which improved in treatment group compared with AD moldel group(P0.05).The contents of Aβ and ChAT protein in brain tissues among the 3 groups had siginificant differences(F=338.900 and 83.490,P0.001).The expression of Aβ in treatment group were lower than that in AD model group,but the expression of ChAT was the opposite.Conclusion:Aβ1-42 mAb has obvious curative effect on AD model rats,which could reduce the accumulation of Aβ and adjust the avtivity of ChAT.


The concrete for the pile foundations of passenger-dedicated railway works has such special requirements as high flowability,high water retentivity and long designed service life.In the paper,the author analyses the influence on the performance of the concrete imposed by the concrete mixture volumes,the high-efficiency polycarboxylate additives and the active mineral admixtures(such as fly ash) respectively by means of simulating the actual construction conditions and experiments.On basis of the practical experience in the mixing ratio design and process control of high performance concrete,the author proposes some countermeasures(including dynamic control of the quality of the raw materials,selecting proper concrete mixture volumes and controlling the buried depth of the tremie during concrete casting) for the common problems(such as over-thick laitance) occurring during the concrete construction of pile foundations of passenger-dedicated railway works.


In this paper we investigate the various important properties and characteristics of the subclasses Sn(p,q,, ) and Cn(p,q,, ) of multivalent functions with negative coecients defined by using a cer- tain operator of fractional derivatives. We also derive many results for the modified Hadamard products of functions belonging to the classes Sn(p,q,, ) and Cn(p,q,, ). Finally, several applications involving an integral operator and certain fractional calculus operators are also considered.


When 120 eighth-grade students from Felten Middle School in Hays, Kansas, attended the Special Olympics State Basketball Tournament held at Fort Hays State University, the word "success" assumed new meaning for them. Not only did these students observe and write about the event; they became prominent participants as well. This particular project began when Pat Fellers and I discussed the ideas as a possible class project to extend and enrich our English classroom curriculum. Her goal was to teach a literature unit reflecting the needs, hopes, and potential of the handicapped, while my goal was to incorporate volunteerism into the classroom. As it turned out, she took her two ninth-grade English classes from Hays High School, and I took all six of my eighthgrade English classes to the event. To prepare my students for observing and/or interacting with persons with mental retardation, I arranged for speakers from our local Association for the Mentally Retarded (ARC) to visit my classes. A video of a past Special Olympics Basketball Tournament was shown, and these eighth graders were advised of many useful "tips," starting with the necessity of feeling comfortable. Students were given the choice of attending the tournament or completing an alternate assignment. No one was forced to attend. Only one student of the eligible 120 elected to stay at school. The speakers also stressed the necessity of feeling comfortable and told my students they did not want them to volunteer if they felt uncomfortable. Giving the students this choice created positive feelings and enthusiasm as the project developed. The speakers were extremely helpful not only in giving these eighth graders background about the Special Olympics but in relating ideas for interacting with persons with mental retardation as well. Individuals who are mentally retarded are affectionate, and my students were informed that while it is nice to be affectionate, it is unwise to hug the athletes because the athletes do not discrimi-


Making use of the spectral correlation within the sub-image of hyperspectral images,a new lossless compression of hyperspectral images based on integer wavelet transform and 3D-adaptive prediction is studied in the paper.First,use 5/3 integer wavelet to analyze every band of hyper -spectral images,to the same sub -band of different bands,a new linear predictor is proposed.Neighboring pels are chosen to adaptively estimate predict -coefficient which remove most spatial and spectral redundancy,and then JPEG-LS is used to remove spectral redundancy.Experiments show that the algorithm can compress the data efficiently and work better than other compression algorithm and the algorithm is easy,so it can be easily achieved by hardware.


Abstract The emergence of ethnic consciousness and nationalism is a volatile and increasingly powerful force in the contemporary world. It has pulled down empires, created new nations and generated a rising tide of expectations. Minorities are becoming more militant and more self-aware in all nations, whatever their stage of industrial and political development. This paper in a fruitful way takes a new, critical and indepth look at the origins manifestations and consequences of the thorny problem of ethnicity in Africa. This is done with a view to provide solutions to the ethnic problem so as to alleviate its overwhelming negative impact on the African continent vis a vis socio-political and economic development. The paper concludes that each plural polity in the African continent has its own unique configuration of diversity and this inevitably makes generalizations a difficult task. However nations of Africa can move forward by 1. Identifying common grounds in their polities; 2. Reduce discrepancies of power and opportunity; 3. Accommodate divergent interests; 4. Reduce the extent of ethnic differentiation and 5. Embrace institutionalized indignation.


Economic Value Added (EVA) as performance measure had been proven in UnitedStates. In Indonesia, EVA had been used by several companies. However, since 2001 Sawmagazine, Mark Plus & Co and Maxi UI consistently made rating on 100 companies with EVA.The purpose of this study was to analyze both simultaneously and partially the influence ofEVA and several fundamental variables (CR, ROI, Size and PER) on stock price. The samplewas taken by using purposive sampling with positive EVA as criteria. There were 88 compa-nies as sample. By using multiple regression, this study found that: 1) simultaneously EVAand several fundamental variables (CR, ROI, Size and PER) significantly influenced stockprice 2) EVA, ROI and PER significantly influenced stock price and 3) CR and size company didnot significant influence stock price


Passenger's expectations of taxi service quality are the basis for quality regulation of government and service management of taxi companies.Service quality of taxi was investigated in Hangzhou as a case in point.Factor analysis of the survey data found that passenger perceptions and expectations of taxi service quality could be identified in four dimensions:tangibles,assurance,reliability,and empathy.SERVQUAL points weighted by factor loadings of each dimensions were calculated.All scales of passengers' perceptions were lower than those of expectations,and gaps between perceptions and expectations of dimensions increased from empathy,assurance,tangibles to reliability.Positive correlation between service quality and passenger satisfaction significantly indicates that reliability is the most important dimension for improving taxi service quality.That passenger characteristic is uncorrelated with service quality,and gap score of empathy dimension is the lowest indicates that there are not strong personalized demands for taxi service.


standards from the nation-state: democracy, human rights, and constitutionalism. The challenge then consists in tailoring these principles to a non-state and no-demos multi-level polity. The solutions proposed are diverse but represent the canonical positions in the debate about democracy beyond the state (and, often, familiar positions from the authors' earlier publications). Against the positions of 'cosmopolitan democracy' (Eriksen), 'demoi-cracy' (Jan-Werner Müller) or 'dual', multilevel democracy (Neil Walker), Neyer argues that democracy is the 'wrong discourse' and proposes a slight reformulation of 'deliberative supranationalism'. His emphasis is on transnational justice (not democracy), understood as the 'right to justification'. Mattias Kumm and Antje Wiener focus on constitutionalism – but the connections and/or tensions between democracy and constitutionalism require further attention. Finally, it would have been interesting to see which normative standards and assessments follow from the description of the EU as an empire. In sum, Political Theory of the European Union does not much advance the debate on the nature and the justification of the EU. But it gives the reader a clear picture of the challenges and a useful overview of possible solutions. That it brings together legal scholars and political theorists is an asset, too.


This paper investigates the use of multidistribution deep neural networks (DNNs) for mispronunciation detection and diagnosis (MDD), to circumvent the difficulties encountered in an existing approach based on extended recognition networks (ERNs). The ERNs leverage existing automatic speech recognition technology by constraining the search space via including the likely phonetic error patterns of the target words in addition to the canonical transcriptions. MDDs are achieved by comparing the recognized transcriptions with the canonical ones. Although this approach performs reasonably well, it has the following issues: 1) Learning the error patterns of the target words to generate the ERNs remains a challenging task. Phones or phone errors missing from the ERNs cannot be recognized even if we have well-trained acoustic models; and 2) acoustic models and phonological rules are trained independently, and hence, contextual information is lost. To address these issues, we propose an acoustic-graphemic-phonemic model (AGPM) using a multidistribution DNN, whose input features include acoustic features, as well as corresponding graphemes and canonical transcriptions (encoded as binary vectors). The AGPM can implicitly model both grapheme-to-likely-pronunciation and phoneme-to-likely-pronunciation conversions, which are integrated into acoustic modeling. With the AGPM, we develop a unified MDD framework, which works much like free-phone recognition. Experiments show that our method achieves a phone error rate (PER) of 11.1%. The false rejection rate (FRR), false acceptance rate (FAR), and diagnostic error rate (DER) for MDD are 4.6%, 30.5%, and 13.5%, respectively. It outperforms the ERN approach using DNNs as acoustic models, whose PER, FRR, FAR, and DER are 16.8%, 11.0%, 43.6%, and 32.3%, respectively.


We study the proximity effect in a superconductor (S)-normal metal (N) bilayer under in-plane magnetic field. A compensation between the Zeeman effect and the energy splitting between bonding and anti-bonding levels leads to a magnetic field induced superconducting phase in the (H,T) phase diagram of the S-N bilayer well above the standard paramagnetic limit. We demonstrate that the presence of the non-magnetic impurities shrink the region of field induced superconductivity existence in S-N and S-S bilayers.


The main trend in increasing wool and mutton production is to raise wool and meat productivity of full-valued sheep on the base of full-valued fodder, intensive selection and breeding activities, introduction of progressive technologies and rational use of production capacities.


Mixing transition metal(II) salts with 3,5-di(2,4-dicarboxylphenyl)pyridine (H4pdda), 4,4′-bipyridine (4,4'-bpy) and 1H-tetrazole (HTz) led to the complexes [Zn2(pdda)H2O] (1), [Zn2(pdda)(bpy)0.5] (2), {[NH2(CH3)2]2·[Cd3(pdda)2(H2O)2]}n (3), and {[NH2(CH3)2]4·[Cd6(pdda)4(HTz)1.5(H2O)6]·3/4DMF·7/2H2O}n (4) ([NH2(CH3)2]+ = dimethylammonium cation, DMF = N,N′-dimethylformamide). These complexes were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. 1 possesses a dense 3D framework consisting of 2Zn dimer-linear chains and Zn2-pdda-Zn1-COO− helices involving {Zn1O3N} and {Zn2O5} polyhedra. 2 exhibits an open 3D framework with paddle-like binuclear Zn2(CO2)4 units, in which bpy as a brace bridges two units to support and segment the rhombus pores. 3 shows a grid-like 3D anionic framework constructed by pdda ligands and Cd3(μ2-OH2)2(CO2)4 units. 4 features a racemic 3D anionic framework with two kinds of chiral nanotube-like channels. The progressive structure variations from dense (1) to open frameworks (2, 3 and 4) are discussed systematically. These complexes exhibit different thermostabilities and chemical stabilities, and 4 shows single-crystal to single-crystal (SC–SC) phase transition in pure water. Moreover, Ln(III)-functionalized MOF hybrids, Ln(III)@4, are first fabricated by straightforward cation-exchange modification to replace [NH2(CH3)2]+ ions in channels of 4 with Ln(III) ions. These hybrids reveal notable and selective luminous sensitization of 4 to Tb(III) ions. Significantly, the Tb(III)@4 hybrid as a promising sensor has been proved for the first time to possess the potential of practical detection of biomarker dichloroanilines via multiple quenching mechanisms, and for the first time the detection of urinary dichloroanilines through fluorescence spectrometry based on a Ln-MOF sensor has been realized.


Recently, Goldberg proposed a new approach to the maximum network flow problem. The approach yields a very simple algorithm running in O(n 3) time on n-vertex networks. Incorporation of the dynamic tree data structure of Sleator and Tarjan yields a more complicated algorithm with a running time of O(nm log (n 2/m)) on m-edge networks. Ahuja and Orlin developed a variant of Goldberg's algorithm that uses scaling and runs in O(nm + n2 logU) time on networks with integer edge capacities bounded by U. In this paper we obtain a modification of the Ahuja-Orlin algorithm with a running time of O(nm + n2lgU ). We show that the use of dynamic trees in this algorithm reduces the time bound to 0(nm log( n logU + 2)). This result demonstrates m loglogU that the combined use of scaling and dynamic trees results in speed not obtained by using either technique alone. Sloan School of Management, M.I.T., Cambridge, MA 02139. Research partially supported by a Presidential Young Investigator Fellowship from the NSF, Contract 8451517 ECS, and grants from Analog Devices, Apple Computer Inc., and Pjime Computer. On leave from the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India. 3 Dept. of C. S., Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544 and AT&T Bell Labs, Murray Hill, NJ 07974. Research partially supported by NSF Grant DCR-8605962 and Office of Naval Research Contract N00014-87-K-0467.


We are eager to understand more about the setting of deposition and deformation of the Pakhuis Formation and "Fold Zone" and welcome the contribution of Blignault and Theron (2010). The presentation of this data in peer-reviewed form is a major contribution to the regional understanding of the Ordovician southern-hemisphere glaciation. However, we wish to comment on a few aspects of the sedimentology and deformation model presented by Blignault and Theron (2010).


Diffraction analysis of the subreflector scattered field near the rim of the main reflector in a high-gain dual-shaped system was found to have singularity problems. A 34-m ground station dual-shaped reflector with a 20-dB subreflector edge taper was considered. The UTD (uniform geometrical theory of diffraction) and slope diffraction field singularities are due to a geometrical optics caustic on the reflection boundary. Physical optics evaluation has been carried out efficiently and accurately using asymptotic techniques for both symmetric and offset asymmetric subreflectors.<<ETX>>


This conference will be organized by Centre of Lipid Engineering and Applied Research (CLEAR), a centre of excellence at Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), in collaboration with Nagoya University. The ICoST is designed to explore the role of smart technological opportunities in the areas of separation processes. The idea of ICoST is to provide the platform for the researchers, scholars, scientists, engineers, students, technologists and application developers from the universities all around the world and the industry to present ongoing research activities, exchange and share their experiences and hence to foster research relations between the universities and the industry. This conference provides opportunities for the delegates to exchange new ideas and application experiences face to face, to establish business or research relations, and to find global partners for future collaboration.


Albizia polycephala (Benth) Killip, popularly known as angico-branco, belongs to the Fabaceae - Mimosoideae family, is a pioneer species used for environmental restoration, ornamentation and urban afforestation. Biometric characterization is an important tool to provide information on the type of germination, in addition to describing the morphology of the seed, it stimulates studies inherent to taxonomy, ecology and seed technology. For the production of seedlings, the most used form of propagation of this species is through seeds. Therefore, with the establishment of protocols to overcome dormancy of forest species, the producer will be able to choose the most efficient method and also the one that best adapts to his reality, both commercial and technological, providing an increase in the number of species destined to compose the models for the recovery of degraded areas to be implemented. Based on this, the objective of this work was to carry out the biometric characterization of the seeds, describe the post-seminal stages and verify the best way to promote the germination of A. polycephala using pre-germination treatments to overcome dormancy. The work was carried out at the Laboratory of Phytotechnics of the Campus of Engineering and Agricultural Sciences (CECA) of the Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL). The differentiation and development of A. polycephala seedlings was measured. In the dormancy breaking trial, the following treatments were used: i) control (intact seeds); (ii) chemical scarification by immersing the seeds in sulfuric acid for 5 min, followed by washing in running water; iii) cut (cut) on the side opposite the micropyle; iv) immersion in hot water (80°C) and cooling for 24 h; v) immersion in distilled water (room temperature) for 24 h; and vi) immersion in distilled water (room temperature) for 48 h. The seeds were incubated in a germination chamber at a constant temperature of 30°C. The design used was completely randomized, with 4 replications of 25 seeds per treatment, and the means were compared by Tukey's test at 5% probability. At the time of installation of the experiment, the seeds had a water content of 12.4%, with an average of 10.3 mm in length, 7.42 mm in width and 2.46 mm in thickness. Germination is epigeous and seedlings are phanerocotyledon. The physical rupture of the seed coat from the bud treatment contributed to the increase in permeability to water and gases, thus benefiting the germination process. Thus, topping can be recommended to overcome A. polycephala seed dormancy.


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A first plurality of first semiconductor material layer and a plurality of barrier fence formed within the quantum dot structures are arranged in a stacked form between the first electrode and the second electrode is provided. Each of the barrier fence formed in the quantum dot structure is made up essentially by two third plurality of quantum dots of a second semiconductor material embedded between the layer of semiconductor material in a state of direct contact with the layers. Wavefunctions of the quantum dots are overlapped as at least one intermediate band. The first in the third layer of semiconductor material may comprise a first electronic and / or the first hole is both to perform mechanical tunneling is needed to reach the second material in each of the quantum dots, a first layer of semiconductor material in the first material layer 2 e and / or the second hole to perform the quantum mechanical tunneling and is arranged as a tunneling barrier that needs to reach the other layer of first semiconductor material. Electrode, a semiconductor, a fence, a quantum dot, the barrier, the conduction band, the valence band, the wave function, the electron, hole tunneling.


Though concerned with representation and misrepresentation, Orientatism encounters problems in its own representation of several of the figures it discusses. This paper considers Said's treatment of three of them: H.A.R. Gibb, Louis Massignon and E.W. Lane. It shows that Said's handling of the evidence about these figures can be less than generous, and is occasionally questionable. This is partly because Said's implicit cirterion for judging their encounters with the cultures they studiedd unreasonabley demnds their transcendent idenfication with those cultures. However, the point of the paper is less to berate Said than to read his treatment of these figures, as symptomatic an underlying sense of isolation.


The permeability of the magnetic soft underlayer (SUL) was systematically varied through SUL structure change, and its effect on wide area adjacent track erasure (ATE) and media overwrite (OW) was studied. Results suggest that ATE decreases with SUL permeability, and it involves only a finite thickness of the SUL. OW increases with SUL permeability as well as SUL thickness. In addition, ATE is less affected by magnetic spacing than OW. Antiparallel coupled SUL (APS) improves ATE. A double-APS structure with a permeability gradient is proposed to optimize OW and ATE performance.


Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and treatment for Type Ⅱ pulmonary vascular anomaly (pulmonary arteriovenous malformations) of hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) presenting with hemothorax.Methods A case of Type Ⅱ pulmonary vascular anomaly of HPS presenting with recurrent hemothorax was described.The clinical data was analyzed and the related literature was reviewed.Results A 72-year-old male patient with Type Ⅱ pulmonary vascular dilatations of HPS was described to present with recurrent dyspnea and encapsulated pleural effusions.After 4 procedures of thoracentesis,a total of 2510 mL of bloody pleural effusions was drained.The routine analysis of pleural fluid showed the count of red cells exceeded 100×109/L,whereas cytologic examination and tumor biomarkers were negative.Then CTPA and pulmonary angiogram revealed a Type Ⅱ pulmonary vascular anomaly of HPS combined with hemothorax.The PaO2 of arterial blood in upright and supine position was 58.3 mm Hg and 66.3 mm Hg,respectively.Hypoxemia was alleviated and hemothorax was controlled after embolization of malformed blood vessels.From literature review,similar cases of hemothorax resulted from rupture of Type Ⅱ pulmonary vascular anomaly of HPS were not reported.The primary clinical manifestations of HPS were dyspnea and cyanosis.Orthodeoxia and platypnea were most consistent with HPS.The best screening tool for hypoxemia in patients with HPS was P(A-a)O2.The characteristic findings of HPS on chest CT was a lesion or reticulonodular opacities occurring predominantly in the bases of the lungs,which could be enhanced by contrast medium.Pulmonary angiogram was necessary to identify the types of pulmonary vascular dilatations.Hepoxemia of patients with Type Ⅱ HPS often responded poorly to oxygen therapy,whereas embolization of the pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas was helpful to improve anoxia.Conclusions Rupture of Type Ⅱ pulmonary vascular malformations in HPS was a rare cause of hemothorax.Thrombosis of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations may result in significant improvement in oxygen saturations as well as control of hemothorax.In the setting of liver disease,intrapulmonary vascular dilatations and hypoxemia often suggest the existence of HPS.


The article is about the theoretical and practical aspects of the state of training future specialists in technical institute of higher education as the professionalism while studying the fundamentals of science.


Since its emergence some 20 years ago, the field of second language acquisition research has focused on two areas: the nature of the language acquisition process and the factors which affect language learners. Initial research was essentially descriptive. More recently, researchers have been attempting to explain how acquisition occurs and how learner factors lead to differential success among learners. The focus has alternately broadened as researchers became more aware of the complexity of the issues and narrowed as greater depth of analysis was required. The paper suggests that the next phase of research will be characterized by a union of these two focal areas: learning and the learner. It also recommends that more research attention be given to tutored acquisition. One could argue that the launching of the TESOL Quarterly 25 years ago predated the emergence of second language acquisition (SLA) research as an identifiable field. Accordingly, my task should have been easier than that of my colleagues writing for these commemorative issues of the Quarterly. This was small comfort, however, when faced with the daunting challenge of doing justice to all that has transpired since the early 1970s.' What has occurred since then, of course, is a veritable explosion of research focusing first upon the acquisition/learning process and second upon the language learner.2 This review will be organized around these two foci and around two subthemes: the alternate broadening and 1 Certainly some important studies of language learning were conducted prior to this (see, for example, some of the early studies compiled in Hatch, 1978), but these did not constitute a field of investigation as was to emerge in the 1970s. 2 It is beyond the scope of this article to treat either of these comprehensively. Interested readers may wish to consult overviews by Ellis (1985), and Larsen-Freeman and Long (1991) for more detail. I have especially drawn upon the latter in writing this review. I will also be unable to deal with matters concerning research methodology in this article. Interested readers should see J. D. Brown (1988), Hatch and Lazaraton (1991), Kasper and Grotjahn (1991), and Seliger & Shohamy (1989).


A perturbation variation treatment of two-electron atoms using exp (–αr ) as the zeroth order wave function is presented. The parameters α and β are variationally determined and the results are compared with the "physical" choice α = Z, β = Z – 1, and with Z−1 theory. The energy is given through fifth order in the perturbation.


Electronic banking is generally an extension of traditional banking, using the internet as an electric delivery channel for banking products and services. The banking today is redefined and re-engineered with the use of IT and it is sure that the future of banking will offer more sophisticated services to customers with the continuous product and process innovations. Thus there is a paradigm shift from seller"s market to buyer"s market. So banks also change their approach from "Conventional Banking to Convenience Banking" and "Mass banking to Class Banking". The study examines various relevant issues relating to role of IT in banking and recommends to ensure privacy and confidentiality of data"s, implement IT and other Cyber laws properly. This will ensure the developmental role of IT in the banking industry.


Abstract The prevalence of smartphones has increased the demand for and application of location-based services. However, the Global Positioning System, currently the most widely used positioning technology, cannot provide accurate positioning services when obstructed by obstacles. Consequently, this system can only provide outdoor application services such as outdoor navigation and tracking. In 2013, Apple Inc. released iBeacon, a positioning technology based on Bluetooth low energy (BLE). This device transmits Bluetooth signals within a specific range, in which the signals are received by other smartphones to calculate distances for providing indoor positioning-related services. In this study, the iBeacon transmission power level is adjusted to significantly increase Bluetooth signal differences in indoor environments. Therefore, it can reduce received signal strength indicators (RSSI) similarity for some reference points by adjusting the power level. Subsequently, radio frequency signals are filtered using a modified moving average filter to reduce signal variations after reception. Next, pattern matching and the K-Nearest Neighbors (KNNs) algorithm are integrated to facilitate positioning. The integration of the modified moving average filter with the KNNs algorithm increases the positioning accuracy by 23.08% during the online phase. This finding can thus improve location-based services.


There was studied impact of anemia syndrome (AS) on the rate and structure of arterial fibrillation (AF) in elderly patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) of ischemic genesis ІІ–ІV functional class (FC). AS aggravates course of the disease and promotes CHF progress of ischemic genesis. AF was diagnosed in 21,4% patients with CHF and AS. Early development of constant or persisting AF form is typical for  the patients of this. This is linked with more marked dilatation, fibrosis development and probably with progressing electric remodeling of the left atrium (LA). In patients with CHF and AS from II to IV functional class on the background of hemodynamic overloading of LA and probable impact of anemia there was registered gradual exhausting of its contractile reserve. Paroxysmal form of AF was diagnosed in 4,5% of patients, in 69,7% – persisting and in 25,8% – constant form. In elderly patients with CHF without AS AF was diagnosed rare – in 17,8%, and its structure paroxysmal form dominated (in 69,2% of patients; p<0,05 as compared to patients with CHF and AS). Cases of constant form of AF in patients with CHF without AS were not registered  (p<0,05).


We report on photoluminescence (PL) and thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL) in highly ordered nanostructures of para‐sexiphenyl (PSP) grown by hot wall epitaxy (HWE). A low‐energy broad band is observed in the PL spectra that can be attributed to the emission from molecular aggregates. While the intrinsic exciton emission in steady‐state PL dominates at low temperatures, the emission from aggregates increases with elevating temperature and its magnitude depends sensitively on film preparation conditions. Time‐resolved PL measurements showed that the aggregate emission decays with a life‐time of ≈ 4 ns, which is approximately an order of magnitude larger than the lifetime of singlet excitons. TSL data suggests the presence of an energetically disordered distribution of localized states for charge carriers in PSP films, which results from an intrinsic disorder in this material. A low‐temperature TSL peak with the maximum at around 30 K evidences for a weak energy disorder in PSP films, and has been interpreted in terms of a hopping model of TSL in disordered organic materials.


A single factor design was conducted to study the effects of dietary vitamin A on growth(weight gain rate,specific growth rate,survival rate and feed efficiency ratio) and immune response(lysozyme activity,superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity and total complement activity) of red drum(Sciaenops Ocellatus L.).Three hundred fish with body weights of(151.46±8.18) g were randomly allocated to 5 treatments with 3 replicates each and 20 fish in each replicate.Six treatments were fed with 5 iso-nitrogenous and iso-energetic diets containing 5 levels of vitamin A(30,4 166,8 533,18 532 and 33 263 IU/kg diet,respectively),and the experiment lasted for 8 weeks.The results showed that,30 IU/kg treatment had the lowest weight gain rate,specific growth rate,survival rate and feed efficiency ratio,and lower than those in 4 166,8 533,18 532 IU/kg treatments significantly(P0.05).Specific growth rate and feed efficiency ratio in 33 263 IU/kg treatment were lower than those in 4 166,8 533,18 532 IU/kg treatments significantly(P0.05).The lysozyme activity,SOD activity and total complement activity in 30 IU/kg treatment were significantly lower than those in other treatments(P0.05).The maximal level of lysozyme activity was in 18 532 IU/kg treatment,followed by 8 533,4 166,33 263 IU/kg treatments.The maximal level of SOD activity and total complement activity was in 8 533 IU/kg treatment,and higher than those in 4 166,18 532,33 263 IU/kg treatments significantly(P0.05).In conclusion,the growth performance and immune response of red drum could be improved significantly by the proper dietary vitamin A level,and optimum level of vitamin A to improve growth performance and immune response of red drum was 8 533 IU/kg.


The phenomena of Magnus and De Kleijn 1 occur with striking regularity and in a pronounced degree in the so-called decerebrate state of both animal and man; that is, in the animal after ablation of both hemispheres of the cerebrum and in man when disease of the cerebrum is of such extent as to eliminate more or less completely its influence on the periphery. In this state the limbs, always the anterior, less constantly the posterior, change posture as a result of passive displacement of the head. These reactions vary with the type of head displacement. They may be bilaterally identical, the limbs on both sides undergoing flexion or extension, or the limbs on one side undergo flexion, while those on the other side undergo extension. The first type of reaction may be one of two: the anterior limbs may flex and the posterior extend or vice versa; or all


The effects of green tea on blood glucose and blood lipids were evaluated on alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The rats were grouped into four treatment groups: DC (diabetic group fed with rat feed and water), CON1 (diabetic group fed with rat feed and 1g/100ml of green tea intake), CON2 (diabetic group fed with rat feed and 2g/100ml of green tea intake) and CON3 (diabetic group fed with rat feed and 6g/100ml of green tea intake). The tea was brewed in boiling water for two minutes, cooled and then served. Feed, water and green tea were provided ad libitum for the respective groups for 21days. The blood glucose was determined every seven days from the day of confirmation of diabetes to the end of the experiment while the lipid analysis was carried out at the end of the experiment. The results obtained showed that green tea did not have any reduction effect on blood glucose at 1g/100ml and 2g/100ml of tea intake. It caused 0.05% reduction in blood glucose at 6g/100ml of tea intake. However,it caused significant reduction in total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol and LDL/HDL ratio.


Abstract In a series of reactions between Wittig or Wittig-Horner (Wadsworth-Emmons) reagents and diketones it was found that out of the five solvents tested, for the Wittig reagents, namely dichloromethane, toluene, ethanol, dimethylformamide, and pyridine, only pyridine had a significant effect on the Z:E ratio of isomeric products, percent Z isomer being increased. In contrast to the Wittig reagents out of the three reactions with Wittig Homer reagents, two always gave as the only products those in which both carbonyl groups were replaced. Isomerization of products sometimes occurred and dimethylformamide particularly enhanced this feature of the reaction.


This paper is the first to examine the relationship between accounting reporting complexity and real economic activity. In doing so, it answers the call in Leuz and Wysocki (2016) for a better understanding of the real effects of disclosure and reporting activities. The results presented in this paper indicate that accounting reporting complexity is associated with increased firm-level investment efficiency, and that this is driven by both lower over-investment and lower underinvestment. These results are robust to alternative specifications and to the effects arising from operating and linguistic complexity. The results suggest that managers facing more complex accounting reporting may be actively seeking to reduce informational frictions with the capital markets. This study is particularly relevant to standard-setters and regulators who are increasingly concerned with the potential implications of accounting reporting complexity.


In this paper we consider the partial multinode broadcast and the partial exchange communication tasks in d-dimensional meshes. The partial multinode broadcast in an N-processor network is the task in which each of M < N arbitrary nodes broadcast a packet to all the remaining N 1 nodes. Correspondingly, in the partial exchange there are M < N nodes that wish to send a separate, personalized packet to each of the other nodes. We propose algorithms for the d-dimensional mesh network that execute the partial multinode broadcast and the partial exchange communication tasks in near-optimal time. No assumption concerning the location of the M source nodes is made. The communication algorithms proposed are "on line" and distributed. We further look at a dynamic version of the problem, where broadcast requests are generated at random times. In particular, we assume that the broadcast requests are generated at each node of the mesh according to a Poisson distribution with rate A. Based on the partial multinode broadcast algorithm, we propose a dynamic decentralized scheme to execute the broadcasts in this dynamic environment. We find an upper bound on the average delay required to serve each broadcast. We prove that the algorithm is stable for network utilization p close to 1, and the average delay is of the order of the diameter for any load in the stability region. 1 Research supported by NSF under Grant NSF-DDM-8903385 and by the ARO under Grant DAAL03-86K-0171. 2 Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems, M.I.T, Cambridge, Mass. 02139.


Switzerland, such as most of the other countries which are part of the Paris agreement, decided to reduce GHG emissions to zero by 2050. The ambition of net-zero GHG emission across all industrial sectors can only be achieved by rapid decarbonization and the deployment of negative emission technologies to compensate residual emissions from for example agriculture. In the scope of this work, the proof of technology of a negative emission value chain at industrial scale in the concrete sector is presented. The core of the system is a mineralization technology, which fixes biogenic CO2 permanently as calcium carbonate in concrete aggregate. In addition, the net-negativity in terms of GHG emissions and environmental burdens beyond these are quantified in a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). It could be shown that an industrial-scale mineral carbonation process can be seamlessly integrated in today's concrete recycling processes and that it can process relevant amounts of concrete aggregate while storing on average 7.2 kg CO2 per ton of concrete aggregate. Moreover, material tests revealed that the carbonated concrete aggregate fulfills the same service as the regular one—thus no significant effects on the concrete properties could be observed. The LCA shows that every processing step requires materials and energy, and thus generates associated emissions. However, from a cradle to gate perspective, the carbon removal efficiency is 93.6%. Thus, 1,000 kg of CO2 stored generate 64 kg of CO2-eq. emissions. Furthermore, it could be shown that biogas upgrading can supply sufficient amounts of CO2 until 2030 in Switzerland. From 2030 on, more and more CO2 from other emission sources, such as waste incineration, need to be utilized to exploit the full potential of the value chain, which is going to be 560 kt of negative CO2 emissions in Switzerland in 2050, corresponding to 30% of the projected demand within the national borders.


Purpose To investigate the carcinogenesis of ovarian carcinoma. Methods Fifty-five microdissected archival tissues of ovarian adenocarcinomas were detected for k-ras point mutation and p53 expression by semi-nested PCR-RFLP and immunohistochemical staining. Results The frequency of k-ras mutation was significantly higher in mucinous adenocarcinomas (61.9%) than that in serous adenocarcinomas (14.2%) and it was also significantly higher in mucinous borderline tumors(61.5%) than that in serous borderline tumors(12.5%). p53 expression was significantly higher in serous adenocarcinomas (80%) than in mucinous adenocarcinomas (52%),and had an increasing trend with histological grading. Conclusions Mucinous adenocarcinoma may arise through the adenoma-borderline adenoma-adenocarcinoma pathway. k-ras point mutation is an early event in carcinogenesis of mucinous adenocarcinoma. Mucinous borderline adenoma is a precancerous lesion of mucinous adenocarcinoma. Serous adenocarcinoma may arise through the de novo pathway. p53 expression plays an important role and is a late event in carcinogenesis in serous adenocarcinoma.


This paper deals with a new through-the-wall (TTW) radar demonstrator for the detection and the localisation of people in a room (in a noncooperative way) with the radar situated outside but in the vicinity of the first wall. After modelling the propagation through various walls and quantifying the backscattering by the human body, an analysis of the technical considerations which aims at defining the radar design is presented. Finally, an ultrawideband (UWB) frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar is proposed, designed, and implemented. Some representative trials show that this radar is able to localise and track moving people behind a wall in real time.


Genetic baselines can be used to reveal population structure, perform mixed-stock analysis (MSA), infer the population origin of individuals and characterize patterns of ocean migration in North American and Asian salmon. Extensive genetic baselines have been developed for chinook (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), chum (O. keta), and sockeye salmon (O. nerka) using allozyme loci. Unfortunately, allozymes show little variation in coho salmon (O. kisutch), particularly in Alaska. In this study, we used nine microsatellite loci to genotype 32 putative coho salmon populations (N = 2,581) from seven regions of Alaska. The objectives were to: 1) estimate the degree and spatial distribution of neutral genetic diversity in Alaskan coho salmon; 2) evaluate the potential for regional-level mixedstocked analysis and individual assignment. Fin tissue samples for microsatellite analysis were obtained from 32 collections of coho salmon representing seven major regions of Alaska (Fig. 1): Northwest Alaska (N = 4); Southwest Alaska (N = 3); Aleutian Islands/Alaska peninsula (N = 3); Kodiak Archipelago (N = 8); Cook Inlet (N = 8); Prince William Sound (N = 3); Southeast Alaska (N = 3). Nine microsatellite loci were used to estimate genetic variation in each population (Oke2, Oke3, and Oke4, Buchholz et al. 2001; Oki1, Oki3, and Oki11, Smith et al. 1998; One3, Scribner et al. 1996; Ots3.1, Banks et al. 1999; Ots105, Nelson and Beacham 1999). Two of these loci (Oki1, Ots3.1,) have also been used for MSA of coho salmon in British Columbia (Beacham et al. 2001). Total genomic DNA was isolated from approximately 50–100 mg of fin tissue for use in PCR. A description of the microsatellite loci, PCR chemistry, gel electrophoresis and microsatellite allele scoring is given in Olsen et al. (2003). Three analyses were performed. First, an analysis of molecular variation for diploid data (AMOVA, Michalakis and Excoffier 1996) was used to test for genetic structure within and among the seven regions. AMOVA was performed using ARLEQUIN version 2.0 (Schneider et al. 2000) and the degree of population divergence, FST, was estimated according to Weir and Cockerham (1984). The estimate of FST was partitioned into within-region (FSR) and between-region (FRT) genetic variation. Randomization tests were used to test if the estimates of FST, FSR, and FRT were significantly greater than zero. Second, MSA simulations were performed using the direct maximum likelihood method implemented in the program SPAM 3.7 (Debevec et al. 2000). Parametric bootstrap resampling of both the baseline and mixture was carried out 1,000 times to derive the mean allocation estimate and to evaluate precision. Artificially simulated mixtures (N = 400) representing 100% of each individual population were subjected to MSA as a test of baseline performance. Mean allocations to individual populations were then summed for geographically defined regions. The allele frequencies for the baseline samples were estimated using the Bayesian modeling approach of Rannala and Mountain (1997). Finally, the program GENECLASS version 1.0.02 (Cornuet et al. 1999) was used to conduct a (re)assignment test by the partial Bayesian method with leave-one-out classification. AP1, AP2


Corporate America began to explore employees' child-care responsibilities approximately fifteen years ago, yet today less than 1 % of US companies offer some form of childcare assistance. One of the primary reasons cited for companies' general reluctance to embrace family-oriented benefits for employees is the lack of data demonstrating that these initiatives result in productivity gains. This article examines the work-family and productivity research undertaken to date and suggests that to understand how corporate family-responsive initiatives affect the work place it is necessary (a) to expand the inquiry from a narrow focus on corporate productivity or efficiency gains to a broader assessment of organizational effectiveness and (b) to frame the question within a corporate or organizational culture context. © 1993 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


Some issues regarding adaptation of the foreign language (English, Chinese) education standards are presented in the article. The purpose of the study is to present all possible correlations related to the foreign language education standards in Ukraine. The relevance of the problem is stipulated by the Ukrainian normative education regulations as well as inter-governmental agreements, which are to be compared and correlated. The appropriate research methods have been considered: theoretical and practical analyses of the normative education documents and methodological prerequisites which could facilitate an adequate correlation of the foreign language education standards in the framework of Ukraine's international cooperation. The common reference levels for foreign language acquisition, the components of foreign and local curricula/ syllabi, the contents of academic mobility programmes and the criteria of teachers' work quality assessment have been presented. The main suggestions (findings) which are to be observed have been given: aspect-targeted training in a foreign language; keeping to local specificities, education requirements and cultural traditions; the need in teachers' advanced training, etc.


For the problem of defect inversion in magnetic flux leakage technology, a fast, globally convergent particle swarm optimization algorithm based on the finite-element forward model is introduced as an inverse iterative algorithm in this paper. Two aspects of the traditional particle swarm optimization algorithm have been improved: self-adaptive inertia weight and speed updating strategy. For the inertia weight, it can be adaptively adjusted according to the particle position. The speed update strategy mainly uses the best experience positions of other particles in a randomly selected population to realize the algorithm's learning. At the same time, the learning factor of the position variable is designed to change with the number of iteration steps. The particle with a good position is added to jump out of the local minimum and accelerate the optimization process. Through the comparison experiment, the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm has a faster convergence speed compared with other traditional particle swarm optimization algorithms. It is more difficult for it to fall into the local minimum value and it is more easily converted to a higher precision.


The author of this paper analyses organization and jurisdiction of courts in Bosnia and Herzegovina, starting from the Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina, municipal, cantonal, and the Supreme Court of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, general (basic, district and Supreme Court) and special courts (district commercial courts and the Higher Commercial Court) of the Republic of Srpska and basic and appellate court of Brcko District of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Making a comparison between these courts we can conclude that there are similarities between the courts of general jurisdiction in the entities and the district. As a special feature we can identify the Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina which has no appellate court nor the constitutional base for its establishment and courts of special jurisdiction in the Republic of Srpska, which do not exist in other parts of the country, but their presence is evident in the region. There is no Supreme Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina. In addition, the specificity of Bosnia and Herzegovina is its Constitutional Court, which has appellate jurisdiction that should belong to the ordinary courts and the courts of Brcko District, which examined the statutarity and legality, the functions that belong to the constitutional judiciary.


Immobilized penicillin acylase was used for bioconversion of penicillin G into 6-APA in(aqueous) two-phase systems consisted of a light-sensitive polymer (P_(NBC)300000) and Dextran 20000.Partition coefficients of 6-APA was found to be about 8.4 in the presence of 50 mmol/L KCl.Results of enzyme kinetic studies showed that the reaction reached equilibrium at 6 h or so.The conversion ratio of PG(Na) were 82.6%(pH 7.8,2.2% substrate concentration and 20 ℃),which was about 20% higher than that of the control in the reaction of single aqueous phase buffer.Three repeated batches of reactions were carried out.In aqueous two-phase systems,substrate penicillin G,products 6-APA and phenylacetate acid are(biased) in top phase,while immobilized penicillin acylase is completely partitioned in bottom.Substrate(penicillin) G entering into bottom phase,is catalyzed to 6-APA and phenylacetate acid,then the products(diffused) into top phase.Finally,inhibition of substrate and products was removed which led to the in(improvement) of products yield.Moreover,immobilized enzyme has higher efficiency than immobilized cells and occupy smaller volume.Comparing with free enzyme,immobilized enzyme has higher stability,longer working life,completely partitioned in bottom phase and the capacity of recycling.Bioconversion in two-phase systems using immobilized penicillin acylase showed outstanding advantage.The light-sensitive(copolymer) forming aqueous two-phase systems could be reused by laser radiation at 488 nm,with the(recovery) of 95%~98%.


Accordingtothecomplexityand non-linearity of human resource demand system,themultiple regression,grey forecast and neural network are applied to forecast human resource demand of a power supply company.The errors are analyzed and compared.The optimum model is studied.The result shows that this model is valid.


In situ bioremediation of industrial chlorinated solvents, such as trichloroethene (TCE), is typically accomplished by providing an organic electron donor to naturally occurring dechlorinating populations. In the present study, we show that TCE dechlorinating bacteria can access the electrons required for TCE dechlorination directly from a negatively polarized (−450 mV vs. SHE) carbon paper electrode. In replicated batch experiments, a mixed dechlorinating culture, also containing Dehalococcoides spp., dechlorinated TCE to cis‐dichloroethene (cis‐DCE) and lower amounts of vinyl chloride (VC) and ethene using the polarized electrode as the sole electron donor. Conversely, neither VC nor ethene formation occurred when a pure culture of the electro‐active microorganism Geobacter lovleyi was used, under identical experimental conditions. Cyclic voltammetry tests, carried out on the filter‐sterilized supernatant of the mixed culture revealed the presence of a self‐produced redox mediator, exhibiting a midpoint potential of around −400 mV (vs. SHE). This yet unidentified redox‐active molecule appeared to be involved in the extracellular electron transfer from the electrode to the dechlorinating bacteria. The ability of dechlorinating bacteria to use electrodes as electron donors opens new perspectives for the development of clean, versatile, and efficient bioremediation systems based on a controlled subsurface delivery of electrons in support of biodegradative metabolisms and provides further evidence on the possibility of using conductive materials to manipulate and control a range of microbial bioprocesses. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2009;103: 85–91. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


We investigate dynamic versions of geometric set cover and hitting set where points and ranges may be inserted or deleted, and we want to efficiently maintain an (approximately) optimal solution for the current problem instance. While their static versions have been extensively studied in the past, surprisingly little is known about dynamic geometric set cover and hitting set. For instance, even for the most basic case of one-dimensional interval set cover and hitting set, no nontrivial results were known. The main contribution of our paper are two frameworks that lead to efficient data structures for dynamically maintaining set covers and hitting sets in R1 and R2. The first framework uses bootstrapping and gives a (1 + ε)-approximate data structure for dynamic interval set cover in R1 with O(n/ε) amortized update time for any constant α > 0; in R2, this method gives O(1)-approximate data structures for unit-square (and quadrant) set cover and hitting set with O(n1/2+α) amortized update time. The second framework uses local modification, and leads to a (1 + ε)-approximate data structure for dynamic interval hitting set in R1 with Õ(1/ε) amortized update time; in R2, it gives O(1)-approximate data structures for unit-square (and quadrant) set cover and hitting set in the partially dynamic settings with Õ(1) amortized update time. 2012 ACM Subject Classification Theory of computation → Computational geometry


At the era that competition in property sector increases tighter. In this condition companies held financial analyze report that very important for the companies. It will give benevit for companies and help other person that need the analyze of financial ratio,otherwise there have a different destination for it.. competition capability is being decided good or not by the companies condition as general and specific at the financial prestation of companies. the prestation of company can be able to measure the companies objectly by analyze of financial ratio.
This research used sekunder data obtain from financial report of the real estate and property companies at target years which is 2007 and 2008. Analyze of research used variable of likuidity ratio such as current ratio, acid test ratio and provitability ratio such as gross provit margin, return of investment, return of equity. To answer the problem and hipotesis , T-test used for two different mean with paired sample t test.
Based of the analyze result said that there are no significant different at the prestation of financial at 2007( before global financial krisis) and 2008( after global financial crisis). At the likuidity ratio such as current ratio, acid test ratio and provitability ratio such as gross provit margin, return of investment, return of equity that used in this research.The result hipotesis that there is a different short term of financial of Work ability real estate and property at 2007 and 2008 the hipotesis can't be proof.


The article explains the rationale and transmission mechanisms of a central bank asset purchase programme, with particular focus on the ECB's own experience. The first part explains how the limits of traditional interest rate policies, in particular the lower bound on nominal interest rates, can complicate the central bank's steering of longer-term real interest rates and hence jeopardise its primary objective of price stability. The second part explains how asset purchases can help to circumvent that constraint and allow the central bank to continue to steer borrowing conditions in the economy. Asset purchases actually have an impact on financing conditions well beyond the direct effect they exert on the assets bought because expectations regarding the trajectory of policy rates, various risk premia, the exchange rate and inflation expectations are also affected. Asset purchases create base money and also support money creation, even if the latter impact is more indirect. Quantitative easing is a source of revenue for the Eurosystem today but the future trajectory of these revenues depends on future movements of policy rates. Finally, the article explains how maturing bond holdings and a pick-up of nominal economic growth, supported by the asset purchases themselves, are natural mechanisms to exit the regime of abundant central bank liquidity.


The leeches Erpobdella octoculata, Glossiphonia complanata and Helobdella stagnalis were sampled monthly from the stony littoral zone of a eutrophic English lake for over 2 years, and examined for the presence of metacercariae of the trematode Cotylurus cornutus. For each leech species, 3 cohorts were identified during the study. Prevalence, mean intensity, and relative density levels were highest in G. complanata, and slightly higher in E. octoculata than in H. stagnalis. For each cohort of each of the leech species, there were no clear patterns in seasonal changes in these levels, although there was a slight tendency for increasing values as E. octoculata and G. complanata aged, with a decline in values near the end of a cohort. Within each leech population, the frequency distribution of the parasite showed no clear trends as a cohort aged. There was no evidence for parasite-induced host mortality for any of the leech species, or for any adverse effects of the parasite on the attainment of sexual maturity and reproduction. In Britain, metacercariae of the trematode Co- tylurus cornutus (Szidat) was first reported in the leeches Erpobdella octoculata (L.), Glossiphonia complanata (L.) and Helobdella stagnalis (L.) by Canning et al. (1973), who surveyed the parasitic fauna in Slapton Ley, Devon. More recently,


Objective To study the prokaryotic expression, purification and properties of recombinant human Chymotrypsin. Methods The protein was highly expressed in E.coliBL 21(DE 3) as inclusion body. After refolding and activated with trypsin, the activated protein was obtained and purified with ion-exchange chromatography(CM-FF), some properties of the recombinant human chymotrypsin was investigated. ResultsThe molecular weight of chymotrypsinogen was about 30 KD in SDS-PAGE, total activity recovery rate of CM-FF purification was 93.7%. The recombinant chymotrypsin kept stable from pH 3 to pH 5, and owned good temperature stability. Km was 0.067 mmol/L with BTEE as a substrate. The UV maximum absorption wavelength was 281 nm.Conculsion The recombinant human enzyme was expressed successfully, and a feasible production method to get a high activity of the recombinant human chymotrypsin was established.


Our goal was to find a one-day physical stability test that would give an acceptable correlation with long-term chill haze. Over the course of several months, beers were tested from a number of breweries. The rapid methods examined were sensitive proteins, tannoids, saturated ammonium sulfate precipitation limit, alcohol chill, and simple flavanols tests. The Schneider PT-standard instrument was also tested. Results were compared with chill haze produced by long-term storage at 75°F (23.9°C). Only the alcohol chill test gave an acceptable correlation. The alcohol chill results from the Pfeuffer tannometer gave results that were not significantly different from those obtained when the test was run manually.


The impact of German Romanticism in France is extensive.It lasted from the drama theory and poetic arts debate in 1820s and early 1830s,to the aesthetic theory of Delacroix and Baudelaire's in 1840s and 1850s.Combing through the acceptance of German Romanticism in France,Wendy S.Mercer described the relationship between German Romanticism and French aesthetic theory.


mon work, celebration, and suffering, there is left only self-interest or obedience to provide motivation. The latter is rejected by the alternative school, but since there is no real community to take its place, the group soon bogs down in its inability to make decisions, with no real motivation to do academic work as against just hanging around and passing the time. It is a waste of effort, Oliver argues, to try to reform schools: &dquo;Schools no more have the potential for fulfilling man's basic communitarian needs than businesses or factories.&dquo;


The coal black liquor slurry (CBLS) contains plenty of sodium and sodium compounds which can promote the C-CO2 gasification process as catalysts. In order to study the CBLS char CO2-gasification characteristics with the alkali-metal catalysis existing in it, the CO2-gasification experiments of CBLS char and coal water slurry (CWS) char were analyzed by the thermobalance, XRD and SEM. Through which the structural properties of two kinds of chars, XRD patterns of their samples, gasification residues of CBLS and CWS chars as well as their carbon conversion data were obtained. It reveals that there are many spots and micropores on the surface of CBLS char, which play a key role for catalyzed gasification process, and more importantly, the Na in CBLS can enhance the reaction-potential, weaken the C-C bonds and enhance the gasification reaction rate. However under the high temperature of gasification, the alkali catalyzer would react with mineral in coal and forms inert substances which could weaken the catalytic effect on the gasification process to some extent. The XRD analyses of the dry samples of CBLS and CWS show that the alkali Na salts in CWS and CBLS exist in the form of NaCl and sodium silicates mainly, and after gasification, they turn into nepheline (Na6K1.2Al7.1Si8.9O32) and microclion (KAlSi3O8).


Several data streams contain video, audio and/or other data. Some of the data streams are pre-recorded in a multiplex on a storage medium while other data streams are located out of the data stream multiplex on the storage medium. The data streams are synchronized using a navigation file (List_of_PlayItems), which comprises descriptors (PlayItems, SubPlayItems) pointing to parts of said data streams, wherein said descriptors define the arrangement in time for said data streams by means of data sub stream paths.


A general field experiment about "different landscape design in bagh e Jinnah cantonment board Nowshehra" was carried out about the landscaping and maintenance of parks and avenues etc. under cantonment board. The internship was done to identify lot of plants and main purpose of this project was to assess the different phases of landscaping and an effort was made to learn different aspects of its practical implementation with such a renounced organization. During this project we learnt about landscape plants (especially identification of plant species), Softscape and Hardscape. It was good research in gaining the practical knowledge and implementation of design and maintenance of the park as well as to know about the tremendous varieties of trees, shrubs, ground cover, cactus, seasonal flower, palm trees, climber and creeper. This project enabled us to identify different ornamental plants and properly manage to arrange them and design an eye catching landscape and practically implement these types of projects without presence of head instructor.


Objective To investigate the causes of hyperamylasaemia complicated by abdominal pain.Methods Clinical data of 71 patients with hyperamylasaemia complicated by abdominal pain during July 2007 and July 2012 was retrospectively analyzed.Results A total of 57 patients(80.3%) out of 71 patients undertaking laboratory and iconography examinations were found to have clear causes of heperamylasaemia including 41 patients(57.7%) with biliary tract disease,14 patients(19.7%) with pancreatic diseases and 2 patients(2.8%) with duodenal diverticulum.Five patients(7.0%) were diagnosed as having acute pancreatitis by serum lipase test.Conclusion Patients with non-diagnostic hyperamylasaemia complicated by abdominal pain should be further examined according to the diagnosis and treatment protocol of acute pancreatitis.The 80% patients can be found clear causes of hyperamylasaemia,and nearly half of the patients have biliary tract diseases.


From the water-soluble portion of the methanol extract of the herbal medicine fennel, a new chromanone glycoside and a new phenylethanoid glycoside were isolated, and their structures were determined by spectral methods. An optical isomeric mixture of threo-epoxyanethole was obtained from the ether-soluble portion, and it was considered to be an auto-oxidation product of trans-anethole.


This paper aims at examining the impact of relationship banking in East Asian economies and suggest lessons for developing countries especially, Bangladesh. In doing so, we have selected the case of Japan and Korea as representatives of East Asia. Accordingly, we have found that both Japan and Korea have positive impacts of relationship banking on firm profitability by ensuring easy access to credit and rescue during financial distress, which are achieved by the banks by firm shareholding and participation in firm management decision in addition to lending. But in Bangladesh relationship banking is mainly confined up to lending. Hence in order to maximize the benefits of relationship banking in the early stage of industrialization, equity shareholding and management advisory services provided by the banks should also be incorporated in relationship banking structure.


In this paper, in order to solve the calculation problem of creep damage of steam turbine rotor, a real-time calculation method based on finite element model is proposed. The temperature field and stress field of the turbine rotor are calculated using finite element analysis software. The temperature data and stress data of the crucial positions are extracted. The data of temperature, pressure, rotational speed, and stress relating to creep damage calculation are normalized. A real-time creep stress calculation model is established by multiple regression method. After that, the relation between stress and damage function is analyzed and fitted, and creep damage is calculated in real-time. A creep damage real-time calculation system is constructed for practical turbine engineering. Finally, a numerical simulation experiment is designed and carried out to verify the effectiveness of this novel approach. Contributions of present work are that a practical solution for real-time creep damage prediction of steam turbine is supplied. It relates the real-time creep damage prediction to process parameters of steam turbine, and it bridges the gap between the theoretical research works and practical engineering.


7029Background: In INO-VATE, patients (pts) treated with InO vs standard chemotherapy (SC) had significantly greater remission rates and longer overall survival (OS), with 23% reduced risk of death...


The objective of this policy brief is to explain the purpose of adjustment aid in New Jersey's
school funding formula and to correct several misconceptions about the level of aid and how it is
distributed. The main conclusions, presented in detail below, include: 1) The amount of
adjustment aid in the funding formula is currently overstated in the "informational" state aid
notices published by the New Jersey Department of Education (NJDOE). 2) Correcting the base
year from which adjustment aid is calculated would lower the total adjustment aid required from
$754 million to $579 million. 3) Just over a third of total adjustment aid is allocated to the former
Abbott districts. 4) While about half of adjustment aid is allocated to above adequacy districts and
contributes to spending above the levels required by the funding formula, the other half is
allocated to below adequacy districts and helps fund schools in communities that are unable to
raise their local share of the adequacy budget.


The authors of Evidence-Based Review of Manual Therapy Efficacy in Treatment of Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain in this issue should be commended for taking on the challenging task of evaluating the efficacy of manual therapy for the management of chronic musculoskeletal pain. Several issues raised challenges for the investigators. First, there is a paucity of literature centering on the use of manual therapy for treating chronic musculoskeletal pain, as evidenced by the outcome of their review. Second, one may witness many different forms of therapeutic interventions all classified as "manual therapy," making it difficult to systematically evaluate the efficacy of a manual approach to management. Third, the varying definitions of chronic musculoskeletal pain challenge the efficacy of manual therapy, making a review of outcomes more troublesome. Finally, studies differ as to where the manual therapy is administered for a given condition, thus promoting heterogeneity of available studies and challenges to establishing efficacy for manual therapy management of a particular condition in a given region. First, one can discover from the present review that there are relatively few studies that have evaluated the use of manual therapy in the management of chronic musculoskeletal pain. This is contrasted by the higher number of studies evaluating the efficacy for acute musculoskeletal pain. For example, numerous studies have reported the efficacy of high velocity thrust maneuvers (HVTM) for the management of acute low back pain (LBP), suggesting immediate hypoalgesia, increased movement, and an increased pain pressure threshold. Similarly, HVTM to the cervical spine has been shown to decrease pain, increase pain pressure threshold, and improve pain-free upper extremity locomotor performance. Moreover, investigators have established rules that have been suggested to help define which patient may best respond to HVTM. While investigators have challenged these rules in terms of both their value for reducing a patient's acute pain and their lack of generalizability, they have served as an attempt to categorize acute LBP patients best suited for HVTM. Second, one may witness many different forms of therapeutic interventions that are all classified as "manual therapy," making it difficult to systematically evaluate the efficacy of a manual approach to management of a given condition in a particular anatomical region. Manual therapy management is not limited to HVTM or low-velocity joint mobilization, but can Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Phillip S. Sizer Jr, PT, PhD, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th St. (mail stop 6280), Lubbock, TX 79430, USA. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com DOI. 10.1111/j.1533-2500.2010.00416.x


Foreword Irwin M. Cohen MOTIVATIONS OF AN INFORMANT Blood Brothers The Agent's Perspective The Handler's Perspective Blood Money Police Pay The Real Money Streets of Blood The Criminal World The World I Lived In A Short Sentence Dealing with Fear Ulterior Motives Paranoia and Diversion The Thrill and Excitement A Day's Work Adrenaline Rush Cold Call Cold Blooded Breaking Bread with My Target Revenge Easing Guilt A Pat on the Back Taking the Train Building a Career Police Study Controlling Conversations Witness Protection Coordinators Gathering Intel for Manipulation Pushing Buttons CHARACTERISTICS OF A STRONG SOURCE HANDLER Dedicated to the Job To Serve and To Protect When They Break When They Are Broken The Price of Policing A Picture of Dedication Trust First Time Trust in an Unlikely Situation Trusting with My Life on the Line The Need for Trust Empathy An Example Training Another Example Caught, Not Taught Understanding Motives A Good Day to Die Evaluating Informants Looking Within Clear and Concise Communication Getting Through Control and Humility Observation Post A Personal Example The Other Side of the Story Outside the Prison Walls Resilience On Call Dramatic Intervention Innovative Thinking Quick Thinking Sense of Humor A Macabre Tale A Fish Story Inhumane World A Vital Skill Discernment Nervous Waiting A Gut Feeling An Open Question An Encounter with Wolves Complacency and Alertness Witness Protection Coordinators Professional Moral Compass By the Book Intelligence and the Wisdom of Experience Only the Best Partners in Crime Brent Mikey Steve Andy and Mike Chris and David Ultimate Partners LOOKING BACK Blank Stares Gifts and Curses of an Informant Curse Gift of Gab Women Taking a Life Perspective Prevention Is Better Than Regret Hours on the Stand Betrayal Collateral Damage The Truth Will Set You Free Life and Death Lessons for Handlers Life as a Rat The Care of My Boy Cling Like a Barnacle It's an Addiction Witness Protection and Starting Over Disorientation Old Habits Finances and Bookkeeping Being Hunted Better Option Final Thoughts Reckless Dangerous Rachel's Law The Handler's Perspective Last Words Appendix A: Police Perspectives on Paul Derry as a Source Appendix B: Words between a Source and His Handlers


Tourism is one of the largest and continuously booming economic sectors globally that significantly contributes primarily to GDP, employment, and prosperity. The efficiency of this sector is, therefore, closely researched and investigated by scholars across the globe. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA henceforward) is one of the leading non-parametric methodologies that evaluates the performance and relative efficiency of complex and homogeneous entities called Decision-Making Units (DMUs). The main aim of this study is to explore, identify and present different applications of DEA in Croatian tourism, which is one of the sectors that contributes the most to the economy. Other goals are to present ten surveyed papers that employ the DEA methodology. To identify the surveyed studies, an extensive literature review has been conducted, and the Scopus, Web of Science, and CROSBI (Croatian Scientific Bibliography) databases have been browsed, with the keywords "DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS", "TOURISM "and "CROATIA ". Furthermore, the study of Neralić and Gardijan Kedžo (2019) has been used as a foundation of the literature review. The key findings indicate that most of these ten surveyed papers employ the DEA BCC output-oriented model, and most of the analyzed time frame is from 2011 onwards.


A compact linear positioning stage using one microgripper and one piezoelectric stack is presented based on the parasitic motion principle. Characteristics of the linear positioning stage along the positive y-axis and the negative y-axis are measured and compared with each other. Experimental results indicate that the linear positioning stage has features of the large motion range, various movement velocities and stepping displacement, and forward and reverse movements. Meanwhile, the positioning stage has good resolution and enough load capacity. Possible reasons leading to nonlinearity and velocity difference between forward and reverse movements are discussed. Research results in this paper will make applications of the parasitic motion principle more flexible.


ObjectiveTo explore the effect of the extract of Sargassum fusiforme(ESF) on blood glucose in diabetes mice.MethodsEffect of ESF on alloxan-inducing diabetes mellitus model was investigated by blood glucose concentration and glucose tolerance test.ResultsESF can't decrease the blood sugar level in normal mice.At doses of 350 and 700 mg/kg,SFP(Sargassum fusiforme polysaccharide) has prophylactic effect in diabetic mice.At dose of 700 mg/kg,ESF reduces the blood glucose level significantly.Besides,there're no marked changes of the glucose tolerance in normal or diabetes mellitus mice.ConclusionThe results show that ESF are active components in protecting against alloxan-induced pancreas injury and mediating the blood glucose level.


. The new direction modern criminology – cultural criminology, its potential possibilities is considered, questions of application of culturological knowledge in researches of crimes are studied. Key words: cultural criminology, criminal subculture, the reasons of crimes, a mass culture, national culture, art culture, dialogue of cultures, material culture.


The author, in a previous paper ( i ) , presented some findings from the Fels Research Institute concermng the effects of demcx;racy m the home upon the behavior of the nursery school child The present report is supplementary. It mdudes the study of a wider variety of home conditions and employs a more elaborate battery of ratings of the child's behavior. The children m the present study are not identical with those m the previous study although there is some overlap of the two groups From the records of the Institute, the Nursery Schcxjl Behavior ratmgs of all the children between the age of 36 months and 60 months were selected In most cases, there were several ratings on each child during that mterval In such a case, the rating closest to 48 months of age was selected These ratmgs were then paired with parent behavior ratings made by the Fels Home Visitor The parent ratmg most nearly contemporary with the nursery school rating was selected These procedures provided a group of 56 cases, on whom both nursery school ratings and ratings of the home environment were available The Fels Parent Behavior Rating Scales used to describe the home environment of the children have been thoroughly described in vanous pubbcations They provide a rating on each of thirty variables whose rehabihties have been shown to be reasonably satisfactory, and whose pattern of mterrelationships has been mvestigated both by climcal and statistical methods These analyses have shown the fundamental importance of three syndromes of variables, labeled warmth, democracy, and indulgence There are other syndromes, but these three have seemed to have the deepest and most widespread impact upon the parent-child relationship


ObjectiveFew studies have evaluated factors that influence menstrual cycle length (MCL) during the menopausal transition (MT), a life stage during which very long cycles become more likely to occur. The objective of this article was to assess how body mass index and race/ethnicity—factors associated with MCL in young women—influence MCL during the MT. MethodsStudy of Women's Health Across the Nation menstrual calendar substudy data of African-American, white, Chinese, and Japanese women were available for three sites (southeastern Michigan, Los Angeles, and northern California). Self-recorded monthly menstrual calendars with end-of-the-month questions on hormone therapy use and smoking were collected from 1996 to 2006. Height and weight were measured at annual study visits. We used quantile regression to model MCL at the 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles with bootstrap sampling to construct 95% CIs. Models evaluated MCL with time indexed to the start of the MT (n = 963) and to the final menstrual period (n = 431). ResultsDuring the MT, increases in MCL occurred mostly at the right tail of the distribution, reflecting a lengthening of long menstrual cycles, not of the median MCL. After adjustment for smoking, education, physical activity, and time, Chinese and Japanese women had 1 day to 6 days longer MCLs compared with white women. Obese women had 1 day to 5 days longer MCLs compared with nonobese women. ConclusionsAs occurs in younger women, menstrual characteristics during the MT are influenced by race/ethnicity and obesity. The long menstrual cycles characteristic of the MT are longer in obese women and in Chinese and Japanese women.


On November 2005, a series of violent clashes involving teenagers took place in France's poor suburbs. In addition to our social psychological surveys of teenagers, adults, and technical and political representatives from the areas involved, an analysis was published by the Ligue des Droits de l'Homme (Human Rights League). Bernard Champagne and Jean Dubost participated in a conference where they discussed this analysis. This paper describes the first analyses by Joelle Bordet and the discussion about them.


Introduction: In order to achieve the most effective treatment outcome with the least cost, awareness of the appropriate timing of orthodontic interventions is important, especially for general dental practitioners as the first ring of the therapeutic chain. Orthodontic treatments should be carried out at the right time to achieve a favorable outcome and save time and expenses for patients. The main objective of this study was to assess the knowledge of general dentists of the favorable time for orthodontic treatments.
Materials & Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, data were collected from 100 dental practitioners in Isfahan through a randomized questionnaire containing 24 questions. The questions were classified into four categories: primary dentition, early mixed dentition, late mixed dentition and permanent dentition. The mean of the collected data was analyzed using LSD tests (α = 0.05) in terms of university and different graduation times. The normal distribution of data was assessed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Kruskal-Wallis tests (α = 0.05).
Results: The mean knowledge score of the dentists was 14.77 (out of 24 score). Graduates of the 2000s gained the highest scores (with a mean score of 15.26), followed by those of the 1990s (mean score = 14.46) and before the 1980s (mean score = 13.40). Moreover, the knowledge of graduates from the governmental universities was higher than others with an average score of 15. 63, followed by the graduates of Isfahan University (a mean score of 15.27), Azad University (a mean score of 14.75) and universities abroad (a mean score of 11.83), which were significantly different from each other.
Conclusion: The knowledge of dentists was moderate; therefore, it is necessary to promote their knowledge.
Key words: General dentist, Knowledge, Orthodontics.


We reported a new low-frequency active vibration isolation system called by compound pendulum which is mainly composed of a pair of two-dimensional elastic reeds and two pendulums. The response to the ground horizontal and tilt vibration of the compound pendulum is investigated. The simulations show that the compound pendulum is not only sensitive to low-frequency tilt vibration but also restrains effectively high frequency tilt vibration and low frequency horizontal vibration, which is consistent with the theoretical results.


The distribution of the final size, K, in a general SIR epidemic model is considered in a situation when the critical parameter λ is close to 1. It is shown that with a 'critical scaling' λ ≈ 1 + a / n 1/3, m ≈ bn 1/3, where n is the initial number of susceptibles and m is the initial number of infected, then K / n 2/3 has a limit distribution when n → ∞. It can be described as that of T, the first passage time of a Wiener process to a parabolic barrier b + at − t 2/2. The proof is based on a diffusion approximation. Moreover, it is shown that the distribution of T can be expressed analytically in terms of Airy functions using the spectral representation connected with Airy's differential equation.


This investigation aims to evaluate the potential of arbuscular mycorrhization to improve nutrition and growth of Jacaranda mimosifolia D.Don grown under abiotic constraints of the urban environment of Tunis city and to test the capacity of this kind of symbiose to substitute chemical fertilizers applications. The experiment was conducted using plot at the National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia located in Tunis. Plants about 1m in height are treated with indigenous mycorrhizal strains complex and a commercial product equivalent of 1kg / plant and 25 g / plant rates. For each inoculum, three fertilizer rates (15+ 9+ 12 (+2.5)) are tested using 0g, 2g and 4g corresponding to the producer recommended rate (0%, 50% and 100%). Results indicated that the infectious potential of indigenous strains is higher than strains contained within the commercial inoculum. Mycorrhization rates of the plants inoculated with indigenous mycorrhizal strains complex and those with commercial product are respectively of 43.82% and 20.86%. The combined fertilizer application and inoculation has no effect on mycorrhizal strains infectivity. Mycorrhization improves nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium woody nutrition (p = 0.01). Improvements are observed in the ability to acquire iron, magnesium and manganese by some treatments of mycorrhized Jacaranda. No effect of mycorrhization is found in terms of its zinc and sodium absorption. Jacaranda mycorrhization improves its mineral nutrition more effectively than fertilizer application adapted to the requirements of the plant. It improves its growth by increasing heights and stems and leaves dry weights.


The paper dissertates the working principle and design of classifier for powder of sulfur-retention agent CaCO3 and established its math model,which can be used for designing the vital characteristic dimensions of the classifier's figure.


: Quercetin 2,3-dioxygenase (2,3QD) is a mononuclear copper-dependent dioxygenase which catalyzes the cleavage of the heterocyclic ring of the flavonol quercetin (5,7,3 ¢ ,4 ¢ -tetrahydroxy flavonol) to produce 2-protocatechuoyl-phloroglucinol carboxylic acid and carbon monoxide. In this study, X-ray absorption spectroscopy has been used to characterize the local structural environment of the Cu 2 + center of Aspergillus japonicus 2,3QD. Analysis of the EXAFS region of native 2,3QD at functionally relevant pH (pH 6.0) indicates an active site equally well-described by either four or five ligands (3N(His) + 1 - 2O) at an average distance of 2.00 Å. Bond valence sum analysis confirms that the best model is somewhere between the two. When, however, 2,3QD is anaerobically complexed with its natural substrate quercetin, the copper environment undergoes a transition to a five-coordinated cage, which is also best modeled by a single shell of N/O scatterers at the average distance of 2.00 Å. This coordination is independently confirmed by the anaerobic complex with myricetin (5 ¢ -hydroxy quercetin). XANES analysis confirms that substrate binding does not reduce the Cu 2 + ion. The present study gives the first direct


To get an understanding of the hydrologic processes in West Africa's critical zone 1, high-resolution large scale simulations shall be performed. Unfortunately there is not enough knowledge on the hydrodynamic properties of this region. Thus one may rely on an approach using inverse modeling to retrieve simulation input parameters by comparing simulation outputs with observations. Therefore the execution of computational costly analysis on large amounts of data poses a challenging problem. In Situ and In Transit workflows as well as computational steering try to overcome this by avoiding the file system bottleneck to increase scalability on recent highly parallelized high-performance platforms. For this they enable to perform model analysis and write in the background and online, while the simulation data is still in the memory. The contribution of this work is to allow In Situ, In Transit and computational steering for the state-ofthe-art, physically based, fully coupled critical zone model ParFlow-CLM. To achieve this the FlowVR middleware is used. FlowVR allows to define flexible data flows of distributed applications representing for instance In Situ and In Transit workflows as well as computational steering. These data flows become instantiated on local machines up to high-performance platforms. This increases the simulation's performance for file system access and analysis on its output. For instance when writing out every timestep to the file system through In Situ on a domain of about 20.000 km2, we experience simulation wall times only slightly longer (<1%, 4 nodes) than the wall times of the same simulation without any file output using the same computational resources. Also In Situ and In Transit together with computational steering allow online analysis influencing the further model iterations to achieve e.g. nudging and inverse modeling by regulation. We show that this leads to an execution time increase of no more than 10% for exemplary cases. Finally we facilitate online user interaction with running simulations, simplifying the exploration of hydrological domains and their feedbacks on parameter changes. This diminishes the amount of output data, produced while working with the model. 1i.e. the thin outer layer of the earth where water transfers occur, defined from the impermeable bedrock to the top of vegetation canopy