In these notes we present the pseudodifferential approach to elliptic boundary value problems for the Laplace operator acting on functions on a smoothly bounded compact domain in a compact manifold. This is an elaboration of the classical method of multiple layer potentials. After a short discussion of this method we consider the theory of homogeneous distributions on R. This is useful in our subsequent discussion of boundary value problems and provides an interesting concrete complement to the rather abstract general theory developed earlier in the course. We then turn to boundary value problems. We analyze the smoothness and boundary regularity of multiple layer potentials for the Laplace equation. This allows the reduction of a boundary value problem to the solvability of a system of pseudodifferential equations on the boundary itself. After considering several different boundary value problems for smooth data we establish the Sobolev regularity properties of the single and double layer potentials. The estimates allow us to extend the existence results to data with finite differentiability and also establish the standard "elliptic estimates" for the solutions of elliptic boundary value problems for the Laplacian. This treatment is culled from material in L. Hörmander, The analysis of Linear Partial Differential Operators, III, M. Taylor, Partial Differential Equations, II and Introduction to the theory of Linear Partial Differential Equations by J. Chazarain and A. Piriou. I would finally like to thank Dara Cosgrove for the remarkable typing job.


BACKGROUND
Tartary buckwheat is rich in flavonoids. The application of physical processing technology and exogenous materials treatment can effectively promote grains germination and the accumulation of bioactive secondary metabolites. The contents of four flavonoids, the activities of key enzymes (PAL, CHI, FLS) and the expression of key enzyme genes (FtPAL, FtCHI, FtFLS1, FtFLS2) in Tartary buckwheat sprouts treated with microwave and L-phenylalanine (L-Phe) were investigated, and the relationship between them was analyzed to explore the mechanism of promoting flavonoid accumulation, and to provide theoretical basis for the development of functional Tartary buckwheat sprout food.

RESULTS
Germination can promote the synthesis of flavonoids. The contents of chlorogenic acid and rutin in the 7-day sprouts increased by 13420.63% and 225.12% compared with seeds, respectively. Under the best treatment condition T3 (microwave 250 W, 90 s, 2.9 mM L-Phe), the specific activities of PAL, CHI and FLS in 5-day-old sprouts increased by 47.84%, 53.04% and 28.02% compared with CK, respectively. And the expression of FtPAL, FtCHI and FtFlS1 increased by 39.84%, 24.78% and 33.72% compared with CK, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that the content of flavonoids in Tartary buckwheat sprouts was significantly positively correlated with the specific activities of key enzymes (P < 0.01) and dynamically correlated with genes related to the synthesis of three enzymes.

CONCLUSION
It suggested that microwave and L-Phe treatment may promote the synthesis of flavonoids by promoting the expression of key enzymes genes in phenylpropane metabolism and controlling the activity of key enzymes in phenylpropane metabolism. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


The article offers a historical perspective on a growing threat to the rule of law from inside legal education. His contribution demonstrates that the modern legal academy's disdain for this foundational concept explained in no small part by a key obstacle in its path to ideological hegemony in legal thought: in order to reshape the law in the image of its own instrumentalism, it must eradicate the intimate knowledge and attachment to constitutional history that has always engendered great respect for the rule of law in the Canadian bench and bar.


In this paper, matching experiments of fuel feed system have been conducted to expose the unsteadiness of the vehicle DI diesel engine at low speed,which was caused by abnormal injection of fuel feed system. Further more, the mechanisme of unsteady injection was explained. After all, measures are presented to improve the stability of DI diesel engine at low speed.


OBJECTIVE
We investigated the following question: Would access to and use of domestic information and communication technology affect people's attachment to place in later life?

METHODS
Drawing upon data on ownership of cell phones and use of Internet/e-mail from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, we measured the association between access to such technology and self-rated attachment to one's neighborhood.

RESULT
There was a significant negative association between attachment to place and ownership and use of domestic information and communication technology, particularly the Internet. This association remained after taking account of age/cohort differences, as well as the influence of gender, disability, socioeconomic status of the neighborhood, differences in income and educational status, and length of residence in the area.

DISCUSSION
The results suggest that ownership and use of domestic information and communication technology reduces the sense of attachment to the local neighborhood among individuals 50 and older in England. It does not, however, influence the perceived sense of trust in or perceived friendliness of people in the neighborhood. We suggest that domestic information and communication technology may be more liberating of neighborhood boundedness than destructive of social capital.


Although the trend of technology scaling is sought to realize higher performance computer systems, it also results in Integrated Circuits (ICs) suffering from increasing Process, Voltage, and Temperature (PVT) variations and adverse aging effects. In most cases, these reliability threats manifest themselves as timing errors on critical speed-paths of the circuit, if a large design guardband is not reserved. In this work, we propose the Reactive Rejuvenation (RR) architectural approach consisting of detection and recovery phases to mitigate circuit from BTI-induced aging. The BTI impact on the critical and near critical paths performance is continuously examined through a lightweight logic circuit which asserts an error signal in the case of any timing violation in those paths. By utilizing timing violation occurrence in the system, the timing-sensitive portion of the circuit is recovered from BTI through switching computations to redundant aging-critical voltage domain. The proposed technique achieves aging mitigation and reduced energy consumption as compared to a baseline circuit. Thus, significant voltage guardbands to meet the desired timing specification are avoided.


Introduction: Pregnancy related deaths and disabilities are a major public health problem worldwide. Poor knowledge of obstetric danger signs leads to delay in care seeking causing maternal deaths and complications. However, few studies are conducted in Sri Lanka to evaluate this aspect. Aim: To describe the awareness of danger signs in pregnancy and post-partum period and related factors among antenatal mothers admitted to General Hospital, Matara. Materials and Methods: A sample of 395 antenatal mothers in late pregnancy admitted to General Hospital, Matara were studied using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Chi-square test was used to assess the association between variables. Results: The level of awareness of obstetric danger signs was good in 73.7% of the mothers. Bleeding (75.9%), dribbling (51.6%) and pain (58.2%) were the common dangers signs identified. Approximately 15% did not know of any danger sign. A better awareness of danger signs was significantly associated with primiparity, higher educational level of mother/spouse and mother being employed (all p Conclusions and recommendations: Awareness of obstetric danger signs was satisfactory among the majority of antenatal mothers, despite lack of knowledge on some important danger signs. Educational programmes should be designed to raise awareness on danger signs, specifically targeting the high risk groups identified during this study.


Accelerating the inference of a trained DNN is a well studied subject. In this paper we switch the focus to the training of DNNs. The training phase is compute intensive, demands complicated data communication, and contains multiple levels of data dependencies and parallelism. This paper presents an algorithm/architecture space exploration of efficient accelerators to achieve better network convergence rates and higher energy efficiency for training DNNs. We further demonstrate that an architecture with hierarchical support for collective communication semantics provides flexibility in training various networks performing both stochastic and batched gradient descent based techniques. Our results suggest that smaller networks favor non-batched techniques while performance for larger networks is higher using batched operations. At 45nm technology, CATERPILLAR achieves performance efficiencies of 177 GFLOPS/W at over 80% utilization for SGD training on small networks and 211 GFLOPS/W at over 90% utilization for pipelined SGD/CP training on larger networks using a total area of 103.2 mm2 and 178.9 mm2 respectively.


The human speech signal contains a wide range of paralinguistic information and the interpretation and exploitation of this information presents a fascinating challenge. This paper seeks to demonstrate that emotion is central to the construction of an openended dialogue system. Emotion forms a useful, practical, metric that enables a agent to both maintain a user's positive emotional state and allow it to judge and refine its current dialogue strategy. One way to determine the emotional state of the user is through an interpretation of the speech signal. Accordingly, this paper details a method of detecting emotion within speech and then exploiting this information to drive an open-ended dialogue system. After presenting the outline of an advanced open-ended dialogue system we test an initial model to judge the validity of this approach. This simplified model perceives a number of real speech utterances with varying emotional content (ranging from stressed to happy) and learns to manipulate the emotional state of an artificial user through reinforcement learning. The agent acquires the users emotional response to its replies and is able, through a balancing of exploration and exploitation, to maintain the users positive disposition. This initial work is encouraging and clearly shows that emotion can motivate open-ended dialogue. However, a number of substantial challenges remain, including the perception of natural, as opposed to acted, speech and the development of an unsupervised learning approach.


The article describes the main principles for the distribution and control of tasks in multi-agent systems. To reduce the execution time of tasks, we consider the principles of task allocation and determined that the basic parameters must be defined depending on the computing units and the number of actions needed to achieve the goal. By defining the parameters of computing capacity of each unit of our agents, it is possible to determine their degree of possibility of task execution.


A display system in a man-machine interface comprising a screen (10) with a digital display panel (5) configured to emit light signals through a front screen (30) defining a reference plane P, a rotary knob (9) arranged on the front side of the screen, of annular shape and having a recessed central region (90), the system comprising an image transfer device (1) arranged in the recessed central area the rotary knob 9, the image transfer device comprising an assembly (2) of optical fibers (20) parallel with an optical axis of the optical fibers which is perpendicular to the surface of the screen, so that information that is displayed by the display on the digital display panel is transferred by the optical fibers in an image plane raised above the surface of the screen.


The purpose of this study was to investigate the comparition of Duty and Culture a Special by Public and Private Management on Sport Organization. The subject of this study were 147e(Public 61, Private 86) who inhabits in Busan, Ulsan, Gimhae area. The data from this study were analyzed using Cross tabulation, t-test, One-way ANOVA, regression by SPSSWIN Ver14.0. The major findings of this study are as follows: 1) Duty a Special of two organizational was a difference. 2) Style Culture of two organizational was a difference. 3) 1) Strength Culture of two organizational was a difference. 4) effectiveness of Culture organizational was a difference for duty satisfaction and duty absorption.


In an attempt to purify a strain of Friend virus (FV) by passage in mice at end‐point dilution, we injected groups of BALB/c mice with ten‐fold dilutions of the virus. After 3 weeks, plasma was collected from each mouse and the spleen weighed. Mice given virus diluted 10−7 and untreated controls had spleens weighing between 100 and 120 mg. Of the six mice given virus diluted 10−1, two had spleens weighing over 200 mg; plasma samples from both of these and from two mice of the same group, which had normal sized spleens, were tested in mice. After 3 weeks, only the recipients of plasma from mice with splenomegaly had enlarged spleens (200–350 mg). The virus obtained by end‐point dilution is referred to in this paper as the Rowson‐Parr virus (RPV). It has been passaged by plasma seven times at 3‐weekly intervals and regularly produces splenomegaly of a minor degree which does not progress. The virus is present in the plasma of infected animals for at least 122 days and the spleen does not return to normal but the infection is not lethal. Mice infected with RPV develop gross splenomegaly following a subsequent injection of FV but the disease progresses more slowly than in mice infected with FV alone. Neutralizing FV antibodies could not be demonstrated in the plasma of RPV infected mice. On filtration through gradocol membranes RPV appeared to be the same size as FV. It was chloroform sensitive, resistant to terramycin and did not affect the plasma lactate dehydrogenase level of infected mice.


Tough and strong nacre-like composite films were fabricated from hyperbranched poly(amido amine) (HPAMAM) and clay nanosheets with the aid of genipin crosslinking. SEM observation and SAXS analysis indicated the genipin crosslinked HPAMAM/nanoclay composite films had a compact structure. However, DMA results showed that HPAMAM molecules still had excellent flexibility. FTIR analysis suggested that the HPAMAM molecules maintained their strong ability to form hydrogen bonds after crosslinking. Therefore, characteristics of sacrificial bonds were found. In addition, dual networks were thought to have been established inside the composite films, that is, a primary chemical network and a secondary physical network. Consequently, the genipin crosslinked HPAMAM/nanoclay composite films were shown to be tough and strong. The fracture toughness was as high as 5.03 MJ m−3 and the mechanical strength was about 152.9 MPa. Lastly, the good biocompatibility of all the components, including HPAMAM, nanoclay and genipin, give great opportunities for these composites to be widely applied in biomedical research.


Identifies a comprehensive set of compact rules and efficient algorithms for simplifying and rearranging structures common in multidimensional multirate signal processing. The authors extend the 1D rules reported by Crochiere and Rabiner (1983), especially the many equivalent forms of cascades of upsamplers and downsamplers. They also include rules reported by other authors for completeness. The extension to mD is based primarily on the Smith form decomposition of resampling (nonsingular integer square) matrices. The Smith form converts non-separable multidimensional operations into separable ones by means a shuffling of input samples and a reshuffling of the separable operations. Based on the Smith form, the authors have developed algorithms for 1) computing coset vectors 2) finding greatest common sublattices 3) simplifying cascades of up/downsampling operations. The algorithms and rules are put together in a form that can be implemented efficiently in a symbolic algebra package. The authors have encoded the knowledge in the commercially available Mathematica environment. >


PURPOSE: An apparatus and method for activating a specific region of MPEG-2 video using MPEG-4 scene descriptor are provided to allow a user to easily access interactive digital broadcasting and increase utilization of additional data. CONSTITUTION: An apparatus for activating a specific region of MPEG-2 video using MPEG-4 scene descriptor includes a specific region setting and updating unit(100) for setting a specific region of interactive digital broadcasting MPEG-2 video and updating information about the specific region that varies with time, and a scene descriptor generating and encoding unit(200) for generating a scene descriptor based on the information about the specific region and encoding the scene descriptor. The apparatus further includes a capsulating unit(300) for capsulating the scene descriptor and additional data to be connected to the scene descriptor in MPEG-2 packet, and a multiplexing unit(400) for inserting the capsulated scene descriptor and additional data into the MPEG-2 video data including the specific region.


Considering the increasing number of electrified traction systems and changing technological advances in power electronics industry, it is required to successfully model electrified train systems. In this paper a DC catenary voltage model is proposed for a multi substation subway system. The proposed method is capable of simulating dynamic behavior of the train during different modes of operation. In this study, firstly, the electrical parameters of the system will be found to form distributed parameter model. In order to simplify analytic calculations, an approximate yet accurate solution method is proposed. Secondly, relations modeling voltage variation are linearized for improved computational performance. Finally, developed model is extended to multi substation case. Developed model is verified using real field data.


Submitted for the GEC17 Meeting of The American Physical Society Tuning of AC Sheath Thickness by Varying Plasma Excitation Frequency1 ABBAS SEMNANI, SERGEY MACHERET, DIMITRIOS PEROULIS, Purdue University — It is known that increasing the magnitude of discharge current, either DC or RF, in abnormal glow discharge regime results in shrinking of sheath layer. Since plasma sheath behaves mainly as a capacitor due to its low electron density, this property was successfully employed to make a current-controlled tunable RF capacitor2. On the other hand, RF sheath thickness also depends on the frequency of plasma excitation field. In this work and to prove this concept, an LC resonator with resonant frequency in the range of 100s of MHz was fabricated and measured. In this resonator, a gas discharge tube (GDT) ignited by a kHz-range electric field performs as a variable capacitor. By changing the frequency of the plasma excitation signal in the range of 1-1200 kHz, the measured resonant frequency of the LC resonator tuned in the range of 410 MHz to 300 MHz. This measurement clearly shows the possibility of achieving frequency-controlled sheath thickness in AC abnormal glow discharge regime. 1This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under Grant ECCS-1619547. 2A. Semnani et al. IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci., 44, 1396-1404 (2016). Abbas Semnani Purdue University Date submitted: 02 Jun 2017 Electronic form version 1.4


Introduction: The product of hexokinase (HK) enzymes, glucose-6-phosphate (G6P), can be metabolized through glycolysis or directed to alternative pathways, such as the pentose-phosphate-pathway (PP...


Stimulated by valleys being notoriously too deep in atmospheric spectra close to strong lines optically thick lines in laboratory water spectra in the nu2 region were investigated. These spectra were previously used to generate a new spectroscopic databasea,b applying
the Voigt line shape function in a least squares fitting procedure including non-opaque lines, only. Surprisingly, applying the new spectroscopic data, lines were found to be modeled too narrow when saturated. Fitting the Lorentz broadening parameters (fixing the accurately known intensities) of the opaque lines yielded 3-4% higher values than in the database. The reason and consequences will be
given in this paper.


Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) is a powerful technique for obtaining terrain information based on the interferometric phase. Multibaseline (MB) InSAR is an extension of the conventional InSAR and is used to improve the estimation accuracy and reliability of the unwrapped phase. Based on a newly defined normalized phase probability density function (pdf), a novel wrapped-to-unwrapped phase (W2UP) estimation method is proposed for MB-InSAR. First, the concept of the normalized pdf is introduced to overcome the limitation of the fixed  $2\pi $  period for different baseline cases. Then, a new maximum likelihood estimation is established using the MB normalized pdfs, which has a much steeper peak around the true phase value than the single baseline case and leads to higher estimation accuracy. The proposed W2UP method estimates the unwrapped phase from multiple filtered interferograms, so it is less influenced by the phase noise. Both the theoretical analysis and results using the simulated and real MB data are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.


The company Bergteamet, Boliden, Sweden, is installing ventilation shafts of the Garpenberg mine. For such work a platform is needed which you can stand on and work from. The Shaft Reinforcement Te ...


Artificial immune system has made many contributions to network security areas, but there are still problems of insufficient detection range and high time cost. This paper presents a Hybrid Detector (HD) mechanism in which temporal logic antigens are proposed. The HD mechanism is constructed by using the advantage of temporal logic to describe time-varying behaviors in system. Finally, simulation experiments were carried out on KDD99 and NSL-KDD datasets. Experimental results show that the proposed method can extend the detection range and improve the detection rate. This work proves the possibility of applying temporal logic to AIS system.


This paper identifies the characteristics of takeover targets that is different from non-target companies by means of ANOVA and Logit regression,and examines some cross-sectional takeover motivations.The conclusion is that the replacement of inefficient management and transaction cost theory can strongly explain the motivation of the takeover listed companies.At the same time,some of the takeovers happen for speculation.


Higher-order topological insulators are unusual materials that can support topologically protected states, whose dimensionality is lower than the dimensionality of the structure at least by 2. Among the most intriguing examples of such states are zero-dimensional corner modes existing in two-dimensional higher-order insulators. In contrast to corner states, recently discovered disclination states also belong to the class of higher-order topological states but are bound to the boundary of the disclination defect of the higher-order topological insulator and can be predicted using the bulk-disclination correspondence principle. Here, we present the first example of the nonlinear photonic disclination state bifurcating from its linear counterpart in the disclination lattice with a pentagonal or heptagonal core. We show that nonlinearity allows us to tune the location of the disclination states in the bandgap and notably affects their shapes. The structure of the disclination lattice is crucial for the stability of these nonlinear topological states: for example, disclination states are stable in the heptagonal lattice and are unstable nearly in the entire gap of the pentagonal lattice. Nonlinear disclination states reported here are thresholdless and can be excited even at low powers. Nonlinear zero-energy states coexisting in these structures with disclination states are also studied. Our results suggest that disclination lattices can be used in the design of various nonlinear topological functional devices, while disclination states supported by them may play an important role in applications, where strong field confinement together with topological protection are important, such as the design of topological lasers and enhancement of generation of high harmonics.


Languages by nature are very dynamic and closely intertwined with human culture; they serve as a medium through which the cultural artifacts artifacts: art, music, dance, customs, literature etc are expressed and interpreted. Culture is very important in the study of language. To communicate meaning through language to someone from a different cultural background, there is the likelihood of misunderstanding due to cultural differences (Robock, 1989). Language is obviously a vital tool not only as a means of communicating thoughts and ideas, but also it forges friendships, cultural ties, and economic relationships. Learning Abstract: This paper examines the prospects in term of employment opportunities of the teaching and learning of French in business communication among Management students at the Department of Management Studies Education in the Faculty of Business Education, University of Education, WinnebaKumasi Campus (UEW-K). The objectives are to investigate students' perception about the prospects of the use of French as a medium for business communication, examine the important role that the French language plays as an effective tool in business communication in Ghana and assess the employment opportunities of having the knowledge of French as a foreign language for business professionals in Ghana. The target population of the study consisted of Level 200 students at the Department of Management Studies Education who had studied French for four semesters. The research made use of a convenience sampling method to select a total of 362 respondents made up of 202 males and 160 females. The study employed a descriptive survey with a structured questionnaire which was a 5-point Likert scale format (strongly agree, agree, neutral, disagree and strongly disagree) to investigate students' perception about the prospects of the use of French as a medium for business communication and the need for Ghanaian students to learn the French as a foreign language. The data was analysed using purely quantitative descriptive statistical technique to explore students' perception about the prospects of having the knowledge French. The results indicate clearly that the knowledge of the French language has a lot of prospects as 86% of the respondents believed that the knowledge of French language is positively related with employment chances. It is therefore recommended that a vigorous foreign language policy framework should be put in place in the educational system in order to promote, motivate and encourage Ghanaian students to take French language seriously. Tertiary institutions in Ghana are implored to support and promote the teaching and learning of French by making it a requirement for graduation.


Iron is of interest as a catalyst because of its established use in the Haber-Bosch process and because of its high abundance and low toxicity. Nitrogen-heterocyclic carbenes (NHC) are important ligands in homogeneous catalysis and iron-NHC complexes have attracted increasing attention in recent years but still face problems in terms of stability under oxidative conditions. The structure of the iron(II) complex [1,1'-bis(pyridin-2-yl)-2,2-bi(1H-imidazole)-κN(3)][3,3'-bis(pyridin-2-yl-κN)-1,1'-methanediylbi(1H-imidazol-2-yl-κC(2))](trimethylphosphane-κP)iron(II) bis(hexafluoridophosphate), [Fe(C17H14N6)(C16H12N6)(C3H9P)](PF6)2, features coordination by an organic decomposition product of a tetradentate NHC ligand in an axial position. The decomposition product, a C-C-coupled biimidazole, is trapped by coordination to still-intact iron(II) complexes. Insights into the structural features of the organic decomposition products might help to improve the stability of oxidation catalysts under harsh conditions.


Principal Investigators: Teresa W.-M. Fan, Richard M. Higashi, and David Crowley with Collaborators Andrew N. Lane, Teresa A. Cassel, and Peter G. Green Dept. of Chemistry, Univ. of Louisville, Louisville Center for Health and Environment, Univ. of California, Davis Dept. of Land, Air and Water Resources, Univ. of California, Davis Dept. of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Univ. of California, Riverside J.G. Brown Cancer Center, Univ. of Louisville, Louisville Crocker Nuclear Laboratory, Univ. of California, Davis Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of California, Davis


The stratigraphic correlation methods, which include marker bed correlation, cycle correlation and hierarchical control, are adopted to carry out fine division and correlation of the reservoir of Suweiyi Formation in Dina gasfield. Two primary marker beds at the top of and underlying the Suweiyi Formation and four internal secondary marker beds are key to divide gas layer group and sand group, while the sedimentary characteristics of three third-order cycles, five fourth-order cycles and 19 fifth-order cycles are the basis to divide sand group and sublayer. The Suweiyi Formation of Paleogene can be divided into 5 sand groups and 19 sublayers based on the characteristics of marker beds and sedimentary cycles above.


The computational technique of N -fold Mellin-Barnes (MB) integrals, presented in a companion paper by the same authors, is used to derive sets of series representations of the massive one-loop conformal 3-point Feynman integral in various configurations. This shows the great simplicity and efficiency of the method in nonresonant cases (generic propagator powers) as well as some of its subtleties in the resonant ones (for unit propagator powers). We confirm certain results in the physics and mathematics literature and provide many new results, some of them dealing with the more general massive oneloop conformal n-point case. In particular, we prove two recent conjectures that give the massive one-loop conformal n-point integral (for generic propagator powers) in terms of multiple hypergeometric series. We show how these conjectures, that were deduced from a Yangian bootstrap analysis, are related by a tower of new quadratic transformations in Hypergeometric Functions Theory. Finally, we also use our MB method to identify spurious contributions that can arise in the Yangian approach. ∗ firstname.lastname@example.com † firstname.lastname@example.com ‡ firstname.lastname@example.com ? email@example.com ar X iv :2 01 2. 15 64 6v 2 [ he pth ] 1 5 M ar 2 02 1


Knowledge of a vehicle's dynamic state is crucial for active safety systems like Electronic Stability Control (ESC) or active yaw. Furthermore it is an unavoidable component of fully automated vehicles like autonomous cars. The most important properties for vehicle stability are the wheel slips, the slip angles of the wheels and the tire forces. This contribution presents an approach for tracking the vehicle's lateral dynamics. Therefore, the lateral tire forces per axle as well as the slip angle of the vehicle are estimated using the unscented Kalman filter (UKF). With the estimated quantities, the slip angle can be transformed to the middle of the front and rear axle. Thus, the wheel slip angles of the corresponding single track model can be obtained. The method only needs sensor information which is available in standard production vehicles. A model for the tire-ground contact is not required. The update step of the algorithm is implemented in a numerically robust sequential formulation, which additionally allows for detection of measurement outliers. The results are demonstrated in simulations with the software CarMaker.


─ Novel high order constant absolute bandwidth (ABW) cross-coupled electrical tunable bandpass filters (BPFs) are proposed. Microstrip cross-coupled tunable resonators are designed and investigated to meet the coupling requirement of the tunable BPF with constant ABW. A thorough theoretical analysis is derived to determine the performance of the proposed filter and verify the initial values of design parameters. To verify the design concept, two prototypes are fabricated and measured. The measurements show that the proposed four-order filter has a -3 dB ABW of 119.5±2.5 MHz with 1.31~1.98 GHz tuning frequency. And the proposed six-order filter has a -3 dB ABW of 102±6 MHz with 1.39~2.07 GHz tuning frequency. High selectivity has been achieved in the proposed filter by TZs (transmission zeros) beside the passband, good agreement between simulated and measured results has been demonstrated. Index Terms─ Bandpass filter, filter, four-order, sixorder, source-load coupling.


As the impact of faultlines is still without a consensus, to figure out how faultlines will hurt or promote the entrepreneurial performance can help the new generation of Chinese migrant workers to start their businesses successfully under the Rural Revitalization Strategy. This study addressed a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) based on 32 returning entrepreneurial teams from a complexity perspective. We firstly introduced three faultline categories for migrant workers and selected five of the faultlines with high factor loads in each category for further analysis. Then a scale was developed to measure the team performance. By conducting fsQCA, four types of faultline configurations were found: (1) background-experience actuation; (2) guidance-balance lacking; (3) role-cognition conflict; and (4) information-decision polarization. The "background-experience actuation" type will promote the entrepreneurial performance while the other types will hurt the performance. Theoretically, breaking through the limitations of traditional regressions in previous studies, fsQCA is used to explore the complex interactions and integrated effects among different categories of faultlines, demonstrates that the unstable impact is just a one-sided representation of the overall effect, and fills the general faultline theory with Chinese specific scenario and small-sized entrepreneurship. Practically, several implications are proposed to optimize the heterogeneity of the returning migrant workers' entrepreneurial teams and increase their performances, such as constructing the "balance" and "guidance" mechanism, enriching the background diversity of the members and solving the information-decision faultlines into individual diversity, etc., which can also be utilized by migrant worker entrepreneurs in other developing areas in the world.


The invention discloses a DC-DC circuit used for low-voltage working condition of a vehicle electronic control unit. A function to be realized is ensuring a vehicle ECU (electronic control unit) can still operate normally and would not restart under a condition that a vehicle battery is in low voltage. The circuit can intelligently identify present input power voltage range of the vehicle ECU, and makes a difference among different power voltage input. When power voltage is higher than normal operating voltage, a circuit module is in a normal power supply circuit. When the power voltage is lower than the normal operating voltage, the circuit module boosts the low voltage to higher than the normal operating voltage. The circuit design can ensure the vehicle ECU can still operate normally when the vehicle power supply is in low voltage, thereby preventing a problem of restarting after power of the vehicle ECU is cut down caused by instant low-voltage when the vehicle operates under some specific working conditions.


The invention belongs to the technical field of liquid crystal displays and relates to a method and device for controlling a visual angle of a screen of a liquid crystal display as well as the liquid crystal display. The method comprises the following steps: inputting a display mode switching instruction; changing an electric field arrangement mode of the liquid crystal display according to the display mode switching instruction, so that liquid crystal molecules are longitudinally or transversely arranged; and loading configuration information which corresponds to the switched display mode, and displaying the configuration information. After the display mode switching instruction is input, the electric field arrangement mode of the liquid crystal display is changed according to the display mode switching instruction, the liquid crystal molecules are longitudinally or transversely arranged, and the configuration information, which corresponds to the switched display mode, is loaded and displayed; and because the visual angle of the liquid crystal screen is small when the liquid crystal molecules are longitudinally arranged, and is large when the liquid crystal molecules are transversely arranged, the aim of changing the visual angle of the liquid crystal screen according to user needs is fulfilled.


This paper analyzes the requirements of an ideal augmented-reality contents authoring tool that can allow non-programmers as content creators to author contents easily and quickly. To satisfy the requirements, we employ the approach using formal and visual specification techniques. In this paper, we also introduce an integrated augmented-reality framework for the ideal authoring tool, and demonstrate the effectiveness of our research results by illustrating an example content.


Morphological Doubling Theory (MDT) states that reduplication is a process in morphology, instead of phonology, which calls the second element as a reduplicant to add meaning to the base. This research is to investigate to what extent MDT is applicable to analyze reduplications in Acehnese, an Austronesian language spoken in Indonesia. The research was based on nine literary works called hikayat written in early 20th century or earlier. The number of tokens extracted from the data source is 1076, or 370 tokens after duplicates were removed, consisting of 360 reduplicated words and ten synonym compounds. The data were analyzed using a complete qualitative data analysis procedure consisting of immersion, reflecting, taking apart, recombining, and relating and locating data. The results show that all reduplication patterns in Acehnese � full reduplication, partial reduplication and rhyming reduplication � can be analyzed using MDT. This result suggests that reduplication in Acehnese is a morphological process, where phonology is involved only in shaping the output of the reduplicant. In this language, a stem is called twice by morphology to satisfy the romantic requirements such as to mark plurality and to put emphasize in the base.


This is a report of accessory spleen located within the tail of the pancreas which mimicked a tumor. The correct diagnosis was made noninvasively with 99mTc-HDRBC (heat-damaged red blood cell) SPECT.


Closed-cell aluminum alloy (A356) foams with different percentages of Al-Ti-B are prepared by melt foaming method, using Ca and TiH 2 as thickening agent and foaming agent, respectively. SEM and Quasi-static compression tests are performed to investigate the effect of Al-Ti-B on the microstructure and compressive properties of aluminum alloy (A356) foams. The results show that foams with Al-Ti-B percentage of 0.3 wt.% possess good combinations of micro hardness, yield strength, plateau strength, densification strain and energy absorption capacity under the present conditions. The reasons are mainly due to the foams with Al-Ti-B percentage of 0.3 wt.% possess optimal eutectic Si morphology (with eutectic Si existing in the forms of particles or short fiber). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.22.3.8559


Data management is an important element for an organization. By having a good data management system, an organization can sustain its overall business management process.  This work presents the development ofsmart web applicationfor data management in terms of sorting and filtering for Saudi Binladin Group  (SBG). The functional requirement of the developed web application included creating user account, editing user account, uploading excel sheet, sorting and filtering data, editing reject table, and checking golden table.  This web application will be used by two users, which are human resource (HR) admin and data quality team (DQT). In this work, the web application was designed using bootstrap, HTML, CSS, Javascript and C# programming. The developed platform was successfully tested for each use case under several scenarios. The test outcome showed that web application system functioned well was successful for each tested scenarios. Therefore, the developed web application system will enhance thedata management for each sector in SBG organization.


Report discusses overall transmit/receive performances of laser-radar transceivers. Gaussian case and hard-edged case selected for comparison because of their practical importance. Intercomparison shows that for multi-joule-output pulsed CO2 lasers, Gaussian profiled optics offers little improvement over hard-edged option, while greater hardiness and superior energy extraction capability of latter constitutes strong argument in favor of its application.


Ferric iron (III)-based complexes with porphyrins are the homogenous catalysts of auto-oxidation of several biogenic substances. The most perspective carrier for functional low-molecular substances is the polymer fibers with nano-dimensional parameters. Application of natural polymers, poly-(3-hydroxybutyrate) or polylactic acid for instance, makes possible to develop fiber and matrice systems to solve ecological problem in biomedicine The aim of the article is to obtain fibrous material on poly-(3-hydroxybutyrate) and ferric iron (III)-based porphyrins basis and to examine its physical-chemical and antibacterial properties. The work is focused on possibility to apply such material to biomedical purposes. Microphotographs of obtained material showed that addition of 1% wt. ferric iron (III)-based porphyrins to PHB led to increased average diameter and disappeared spindly structures in comparison with initial PHB. Biological tests of nonwoven fabrics showed that fibers, containing ferric iron (III)-based tetraphenylporphyrins, were active in relation to bacterial test-cultures. It was found that materials on polymer and metal complexes with porphyrins basis can be applied to production of decontamination equipment in relation to pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms.


APPLICATOR IS EXPECTED TO ACHIEVE NODE WITH WIRE TO CLOSE WOUND, PARTICULARLY INTERNAL BY A POINT SUTURING. INSTRUMENT HAS A HOLLOW SHAFT 3 COMPLETED BY TIP HELICOIDAL A SPIRES 2 HOLLOW, THE INTERNAL CHANNEL RELEASE WITH THE ROD 3 FOR PASSAGE sUTURE WIRE. A GROMMET SPECIAL LOOP IS INTENDED FOR ENGAGING THE ESTABLISHMENT PRIOR WIRE SUTURE IN THE AXIAL CANAL APPLICATOR 3. SIDE OF ITS FREE END, THE WIRE SUTURING SHALL IN SLOT CLAMP 11 APPENDIX A ROD 3. OTHER END WIRE DOOR NEEDLE sUTURE THE PRACTITIONER OPERATION SITU, WITH A HANDLER BROUGHT BY ROD TUBE OF eNDOSCOPE AS APPLICATOR. APPLICATION FOR SURGICAL OPERATIONS FOR MAKING POINTS sUTURING, ESPECIALLY TO THE PLACE OF WOUND INTERNAL ACCESS DIFFICULT.


ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the use of Grounded Theory as a methodological framework in scientific articles published in Brazilian Nursing journals with Qualis Capes A1 and A2. Method: descriptive, documentary study with a quantitative approach. Five Brazilian nursing journals with Qualis A1 and A2 in the 2016 assessment were used as sources. Data were collected on the website of each journal through the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), by consulting the numbers published in the 2013-2016 quadrennium. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: 49 articles were selected, most of them published by the Texto & Contexto Enfermagem journal (34.6%). Regarding the methodological aspect, the use of the Straussian perspective predominated (79,6). Regarding the methodological characteristics, most articles used theoretical sampling (63.3%), theoretical saturation (53.1%), comparative analysis (69.4%), and presented the development of a theoretical model or central category in the results (75.6%). However, only seven (14.3%) studies specified the use of memos, 22 (44.9%) mentioned the use of diagrams and 16 (32.7%) described the theory validation step. Conclusion: the need for consensus among Brazilian nursing researchers on the methodological characteristics to be described in studies using the Grounded Theory is highlighted.


The basic principles behind the operation of the thermally pumped CO2 gas dynamic laser are developed. Experimentally demonstrated performance is compared to theoretical upper limits and approaches for performance improvement toward these limits are reviewed. Relative efficiency and utility vis-a-vis electrically pumped CO2 lasers are discussed. Investigations towards a thermally pumped laser based on the HCl molecule are reported.


Utilization of compost in the remediation of metal-contaminated soils has great potential since compost is the recycled product of organic solid waste. Compost may reduce the bioavailability and/or mobility of metals via various direct processes such as redox, precipitation and adsorption, and indirect impacts on soil properties including pH and Eh. The alleviating effect varies with the types and natures of soil, metal and compost. This paper reviews the recent advance in the studies on the remediation of soil metal pollution by compost. Some problems and future prospects in this regard are also discussed. Fig 1, Tab 2, Ref 66


Physical activity (PA) is a parameter of children's life which straight connected to benefits of their life (protection against obesity, better psychological profile, and predisposition for increased levels of PA as adult e.t.c.). The purpose of the present study was to evaluate daily levels of PA and especially PA during school in a sample of Greek children. Epidemiological study. PA and sedentary behaviors were assessed by a self-administrated physical activity checklist, proper for children. BMI was calculated from measured body weight and height. A representative sample of Greek children aged 10 to 12 years attending fifth and sixth grade of Elementary Education (N=3195), living in rural and urban areas were enrolled. Maturation status was not evaluated due to technical reasons. Children living in rural areas had higher levels of self reported PA (p<.001) and met current PA guidelines to a greater extent than their urban counterparts (p<.05). Furthermore, boys had higher levels of total, light-to-moderate intensity and vigorous intensity PA (VPA), than girls (all p-values<.05), while comparisons didn't reveal significant differences between students of fifth and sixth grade, by sex. Time of PA during school represents about 27% of total amount of daily PA, in both sexes. In those days that students participated in Physical Education lessons and in Extended Daily Hours program, total PA and VPA were higher in comparison with days didn't, in both sexes (p<.001). Finally, the results showed that during school program, boys participated in a greater proportion than girls in basketball and soccer (p-values<.05), while, more girls in comparison to boys participated in volleyball, dance and skipping rope (p-values <.05). In conclusion, children living in rural area s and boys had higher levels of PA than their urban counterparts and girls, respectively. Furthermore, it seems that school plays a significant role in student's levels of PA which could grow up further with interventions as the increase of hours in Physical Education lessons.


Conventionally, the static converter used for rolling stock auxiliary power supply has power circuit topology as well as half bridge converter, resonant half bridge converter and its variant, and buck converter. To solve the problem of requirements for high voltage static switch rating, serially connected flyback converter, and serially connected 3-phase inverter are commonly used. Thyristors and GTO thyristors are widely used for the static switch, thus the switching frequency can not be too high. In this paper, a new method DC to DC converter based on standard half bridge DC to AC converter is presented. This kind of converter can be used in high voltage applications such as auxiliary power supply for rolling stock. This converter has a significant advantage compared to the half and full bridge converter. The proposed converter is verified by experimental results.


Laser multi layer cladding of ZM6 Mg based alloy with their own sheets was researched in this paper.Using a Nd YAG laser,a clad depth of the multi layer could reach 0 8mm~1 0mm.The microstructures,component,phases and defects of the matrix and the multi layer were investigated by using optical microscope,scanning electronic microscope(SEM),X ray diffraction(XRD)and X ray radiographic inspection respectively.The results show that the repair in the finished product of Mg based alloys is feasible by multi layer laser cladding.


Twenty –two soil samples were collected from different places in Hilla city. Four isolates of Streptomyces spp. were isolated. These isolates were tested for antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger . The results showed that Streptomyces2 with high antifungal activity against A. niger with 22 inhibition zone. Streptomyces .2 was selected for study to the parameters which effect on antifungal activity such as( pH, temperature, nitrogen source and carbon source). The results showed that high inhibition zone against test pathogen by using glucose as carbon source and praline as nitrogen source .The optimal pH for antifungal activity was 7.5. Antifungal activity was observed at 30 C .


A very simple high-frequency approximation for the diffracted field in the forward scattering region is obtained and compared with the exact solution.


A two-dimensional steady state thermo-mechanical stress model was developed using the commercial structural analysis package ANSYS, to compute the stresses arising from thermal gradients and mechanical loads applied to strip and roll during a horizontal twin-roll thin strip casting process. The finite element mesh and the nodal temperature values obtained from the fluid flow, heat transfer, and solidification model developed on FIDAP, were transported to ANSYS. Mechanical loads like roll separating force and strip exit tension were also applied on the strip. A visco-plastic constitutive relation has been used to describe the behavior of solidifying aluminum alloy. The effects of inlet velocity of the melt and contact strip/roll heat transfer coefficient on the resultant stress profile in the strip and the rolls were investigated.


The advanced packaging industry is undergoing rapid growth and ripe for innovation. New materials and processes are being considered to enable heterogeneous integration. In this paper, three different copper processes are discussed in the context of copper-to-copper hybrid bonding and other applications that could benefit from the new and different copper chemistries.


This study examined changes in recent young adults novels that try to configure young adults' life and culture without attaching to didacticism. Lim Tae-hee's "Catch a Mouse" deals with young adults' pregnancy and abortion. Shin Yeo-rang's "Hwarani" configures delinquent young adults' life through the reportage technique. The two works show a material?oriented limitation as they are excessively dependent on unconventional materials. Shin Yeo-rang's "Mongus Crew" describes B-boys' joys and sorrows. It is characterized by precise description based on detailed data collection. As it is focused on conflicts between the brothers, the image of B-boys is faded down. Kim Ryo-ryeong's "Wandeuki" tells the story of the hero who is from a multicultural family and grows through kick boxing. It shows the characteristic of 'genre literature' like traditional school literature or romance literature. It has the limitation that the focus is blurred by excessive consideration of political correctness. Each of these works has its own weak point, but we can expect a new trend of young adults novel in that they are conscious of young readers' viewpoint.


Football; Kinematics study was to examine pelvic and lower limb kinematics during the performance of a drop punt kick, in order to identify factors associated with accurate kicking performance. Ten professional Australian Football League (AFL) players performed 20 drop punt kicks towards a target situated 15 m away, using their preferred leg. A threedimensional motion analysis system was used to record the kicking motion from heel contact of the support limb through to ball contact. The subjects were divided into an accurate group (≥50% accuracy; n = 5) and an inaccurate group (<50% accuracy; n = 5) based on target hit rate. Kinematic profiles for both kicking and support limbs were compared between the two groups. Results showed that the accurate group had significantly greater hip flexion in both limbs and greater knee flexion in the support limb throughout the kicking movement. The accurate group also had significantly greater anterior pelvic tilt at heel contact (accurate 20.8◦; inaccurate 12.7◦). These data show that kinematic differences in lower limb joint angles may be related to kicking accuracy. © 2006 Sports Medicine Australia. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.


With over 30 years of reform and opening-up,the transfer of rural surplus labor force from rural to urban and regional employment in our country is one of the most important social and economic phenomenon.The transfer of rural surplus labor force and regional employment can not only increase the income level of rural residents,speed up the process of industrialization and urbanization,but also make the allocation of resources more reasonable,and promote the rapid development of China's economy.The processes of wage discrimination for migrant workers and shortage of rural labor supply are of particular concern.First,there is wage discrimination for migrant workers in urban labor market of our country.In the performance of the wage differential,the rural labor force has to bear a considerable degree of wage discrimination.Second,the shortage of rural non-farming labor supply and the surplus of rural labor force exist at the same time in recent years.Base on the analysis of migrant workers' data in some areas,some scholars think that China has reached the " Lewis turning point",but on the other hand,there are many research pointed out that there are still a huge number of rural surplus labor force exists in the farming department of our country.According to the Lewis model,only when the economy turns from the classical stage of surplus labor to the neoclassical stage of scarcity of labor,the real wages of labor will generally rise.Before reaching the turning point,the effect of economic growth is mainly reflected in the absorption of surplus labor.Base on the current actual economic situation of our country,there are contradiction points against Lewis' theory.According to the results of wage equations estimation,this paper calculates the non-farming labor participation elasticity of rural group and urban group,married group and unmarried group,group with age below 30 and group with age above 30.This paper finds that:(1) the non-farming labor participation elasticity of urban household registration group is higher than that of rural household registration group.For the rural household registration labor,the non-farming labor participation elasticity of male is higher than that of female,and the non-farming labor participation elasticity of labor force below 30 year old group is higher than that of above 30 years old group;(2) with the development of economy and the employment of rural labor,the non-farming labor participation elasticity of rural household registration labor tends to decline.Furthermore,in order to estimates the potential non-farming labor supply relative to the number of actual labor supply in non discrimination case,this paper uses the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition to decompose the wage differentials between labor force of urban household registration and rural household registration in different periods.This paper finds that:(1) The household registration is still playing an important role in wage determination;(2) with the development of economy and labor market,the effect of household registration on wage determination is not decreased,but increased,that is to say,the part of wage differences can be explained by labor force characteristics is decline,and the part of wage differences can be explained by discrimination is increased;(3) the non-farming labor supply of rural household will increase by 31.11%if there is no wage discrimination against rural labor force.Because wage discrimination against rural migrant workers is not only contrary to social equity,but also has negative impact on the sustainable development of China's economy,the results of this paper are help for the reform of household registration system which not only can promote social justice,but also be conducive to the increase of labor supply in urban labor market and promoting economic growth especially in the contemporary when labor supply has negative constraints on China's economic growth.


© 2013 Lu et al., licensee InTech. This is an open access chapter distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Climate Change Assessment Due to Long Term Soil Moisture Change and Its Applicability Using Satellite Observations


Functional memory (FM) uses memory mapped reprogrammable field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) for fine-grained parallel processing. Multioperand expressions are computed in combinational logic eliminating processor computation steps. FPGAs capture operands as memory is written, eliminating separate processor load-stores to pass operands. This paper describes how program expressions can be implemented in FM, including branch address computations. It concludes with a load store analysis comparing a conventional von Neumann processor with and without FM for a shortest path program. The load store count stays about the same but eliminating the computation steps results in a onethird step reduction overall with FM.


INTRODUCTION The Baker Woodlands Environmental Research Site, located in Lancaster, PA, is a six acre area which is recovering from past environmental and geological disturbances. Originally, the area was agricultural as was much of the Lancaster area. Osage Orange trees which served as windbreaks still survive, so it is possible to see the extent of the old fields. Later, the area was used as a clay mine. The clays were transformed into bricks at the brickworks which was at the northern end of the property. The mining process created large pits in the ground, which were subsequently used as landfills (de Wet et al., 1999). Although these landfills are inactive and are covered with organic matter, the effects of the waste dumping are still measurable and, in some cases, visible. For example, iron staining is exposed at several leachate seeps and vegetation is obviously less dense in some areas of the landfill than in others. Another important component of the area is the presence of a recently remediated Superfund site, Lancaster Battery, in the Baker Woodlands watershed. The goal of this project was to determine the extent of metal contamination in surface sediments along the edge of the landfill in both an ephemeral stream and a wetland. Samples were collected along the stream, which runs along the southern edge of the landfill. This stream flows into a large wetland area in the southwest portion of the site. Samples were also collected along the manmade drainage ditch (extant since at least 1947) which flows through the wetland. These samples were analyzed in an Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometer (ICP-AES) for barium, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, iron, magnesium, manganese, lead, vanadium, and zinc.


Metazoan parasites of mammals (helminths) belong to highly divergent animal groups and yet induce a stereotypical host response: Th2‐type immunity. It has long been debated whether this response benefits the host or the parasite. We review the current literature and suggest that Th2 immunity is an evolutionarily appropriate response to metazoan invaders both in terms of controlling parasites and repairing the damage they inflict. However, successful parasites induce regulatory responses, which become superimposed with, and control, Th2 responses. Beyond helminth infection, this superimposition of response profiles may be the norm: both Th1 and Th2 responses coexist with regulatory responses or, on the contrary, with the inflammatory Th17 responses. Thus, typical responses to helminth infections may differ from Th2‐dominated allergic reactions in featuring not only a stronger regulatory component but also a weaker Th17 component. The similarity of immune response profiles to phylogenetically distinct helminths probably arises from mammalian evolution having hard‐wired diverse worm molecules, plus tissue‐damage signals, to the beneficial Th2 response, and from the convergent evolution of different helminths to elicit regulatory responses. We speculate that initiation of both Th2 and regulatory responses involves combinatorial signaling, whereby TLR‐mediated signals are modulated by signals from other innate receptors, including lectins.


First published in 1957. Besides tracing the history and development of the Peking Theatre, this volume explains acting techniques, stage costume and symbolism, musical forms and the various types of plays.


This paper deals with a brief compendium of relevant Mexican court precedence on the occasion of the Civil law legal fiction so-called Positive prescription, that is, operating with an element of bona fide, which is also known as usucapionis. Contrasting the binding interpretation of the judiciary (which it must be applied by the bar and it obliges observance from the legal practitioner) with the historical and juridical literature available in the sources of the roman law.


Covers research activities at the University of Illinois from Sept. 1, 1959 to Dec. 31, 1968, performed under contract DA-49-193-MD-2060, with the Army Medical Research and Development Command.


A kind of biodegradable medical material was synthesized via direct melt polymerization of lactic acid(LA),lysine(L-L)and polyethylene glycol(PEG) with SnCl2 as catalyst. The best reaction conditions of Poly(lactic acid-co-amino acid)copolymerization were gained by the orthogonal design of four factors and three levels. The results indicate that the optimum conditions are as follows:molar ratio of LA/L-L/PEG is 85∶10∶5,weight ratio of SnCl2 to LA is 0.007,reaction time is 12 h and reaction temperature is 110 ℃. The maximum viscosity of obtained copolymers is 0.219 7 dL/g.


It has been shown that the LC cell, with parallel to the x-axis rubbing of a front face and circular rubbing of a rear face (θ-cell), filled with a nematic LC-805 doped by 7-Dehydrocholesterol (Provitamin D3) allows visual monitoring of the UV photoinduced conversions of Provitamin D by deviation of the disclinaton line. After an UV exposure, relaxation processes in the LC matrix result in further dark change in the deviation angle that complicates the use of θ-cell as a UV biodosimeter. Temperature dependence of dynamic behavior of the disclinaton line was investigated additionally since it is important for a UV biosensor.


Tatarstan traditionally pays considerable attention to the policy towards ethnic groups. This also applies to the policy of bilingualism adopted by the political leadership of the region in the early 1990s. This policy became the subject of controversy in the 2000s, which formed the basis of the ethno-linguistic conflict. In July 2017, after President Vladimir Putin condemned the situation when a non-native language was taught in schools on a compulsory basis, a transformation of the language problem occurred and the composition of the participants changed, which led to an increase in opposition sentiments in the region. The article examines the views of radical and moderate national movements (both Russian and Tatar), federal and regional authorities, the opinions of representatives of religious authorities, as well as the position of civil activists concerning the linguistic problem. The analysis showed substantial differences in assessing the importance of the issue, which affects the actors' interaction in resolving the language problem. The lack of dialogue between various social groups significantly reduces the likelihood of finding a generally acceptable solution to the problem. According to the author, the causes of the language problem lie not in interethnic relations but rather in the unsolved problems of the social and political sphere. DOI: 10.17072/2218-1067-2019-1-101-109


ABSTRACT Double‐degree courses (studies in which two disciplines are taught in conscious relationship to one another) are almost exclusively a phenomenon of the university sector in Australian tertiary education. This article examines the double‐degree program from the college perspective. It describes a rationale for the approach and suggests why colleges should pursue this type of study program; it describes several organisational models which have been initiated in various institutions both in Australia and overseas; it considers the areas in which such development might take place in a college; it discusses the advantages and limitations of these courses and it highlights some of the difficulties and issues in their implementation.


Wyner, in his well-known paper on the wiretap channel, studied the problem on how to transmit the confidential messages to the legitimate receiver via a degraded broadcast channel, while keeping the wiretapper as ignorant of the messages as possible. In this paper, the model of wiretap channel has been reconsidered for the case that the main channel is controlled by channel state information (CSI), and it is available at the transmitter in a noncausal manner (termed here noncausal channel state information) or causal manner (termed here causal channel state information). Moreover, there is a noiseless feedback from the legitimate receiver to the transmitter. Measuring the uncertainty of the wiretapper oiseless feedback ecrecy capacity by equivocation, the capacity-equivocation regions for both manners (causal and noncausal) are determined. Furthermore, the secrecy capacities are formulated, which provide the best transmission rate with perfect secrecy. The results of this paper are further explained via binary and Gaussian examples, and we find that the noiseless feedback helps to enhance the security of wiretap channel with noncausal or causal CSI at the transmitter. © 2015 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.


Sassano and Agostinis preview two papers from the De Matteis laboratory that monitor and identify new determinants of ER–TGN contact sites.


Abstract. Aiming to solve the problem of loss of important image information, such as blurred details and low contrast, caused by fog, haze and other meteorological influences in the slope monitoring process of UAV remote sensing images, a new method of improving dark channel image dehazing based on channel-weighted analysis and compensation function is proposed by a training of multilayer perceptron (MLP) in this study. First, based on the dark channel prior principle, the original hazy UAV image is mapped to obtain the estimated values of atmospheric light and rough transmittance. Next, by counting the RGB three-channel values of the pixels in the high-brightness regions, and analyzing the scattering of the RGB three-channel values in the haze, a color recovery module of atmospheric light is constructed, and the estimated value of atmospheric light is optimized. Then, according to the global transmittance, the compensation boundary value is determined and a functional relationship between different brightness regions and the increment of transmittance is established as a compensation function to optimize the rough transmittance. Finally, perform secondary optimization on the rough transmittance with the multi-layer perceptron (MLP) to obtain a smoother transmittance value. The experimental results show that the image processed by the proposed method has good contrast. The color saturation and authenticity are effectively maintained. And the detailed information of the mountain recorded by the image is better restored, which can provide a real data basis for slope monitoring.


Recently, heterogeneity of stratum corneum keratin (α‐fibrous protein) in various anatomic sites has been described in humans as well as cows and rats. In order to study this heterogeneity more clearly in humans, we compared acid soluble (citrate buffer at pH 2.65) prekeratin, acid insoluble (8 M urea‐2‐mercaptoethanol soluble) living cell keratin, and stratum corneum keratin from sole and body (nonsole‐nonpalm) skin using SDS‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), amino acid analysis, and immunological analyses.


Background: The main stay for treatment of major burns is early excision and coverage. Nevertheless, the skin autografts is the gold standard for coverage but in major burns, the donor for autografts is limited. So, normal skin substitutes are considered as an advantageous alternative. Although they are limited due to their cost and availability. Skin allografts are a rich source which was considered as a medical waste and thanks to bariatric surgery which assisted obese patients to lose weight leaving them in a need for different body contouring procedure. So, this study aimed to evaluate the pathological and clinical effects of skin Allografts from Massive Weight Loss donors to treat major burn. Patients and Methods: A total of 80 patients with major burns underwent early excision in (early 48 hrs. post trauma) and covered by either: Allografts from MWL donors (in group I) or by: Non MWL Allografts (group II). Biopsies were taken and examined for the effect of allografts over the wound bed and the Photographic Wound Assessment Tool (PWAT) was applied to evaluate the percentage of improvement after applying different types of skin substitutes. Results: Percentage of improvement was significantly higher among patients who used Allografts from non-massive weight loss donors when compared with patients who used Allografts from massive weight loss donors. Conclusion: Non MWL allografts are of better results in the take of the 1st dressing change and in the detachment day. Moreover, patients who received Allografts from MWL developed sepsis that increased their hospital stay and hence more complications. Yet, MWL donors are a reliable source for allografts until cadaveric skin donation is legalized especially in major burns treatment as the donor is not always sufficient for coverage so, the use of skin Allografts is a lifesaving alternative.


The authors argue that incentives in the public schools inhibit the utilization of the best instructional technologies for special education students. Incentives in the public schools are Contrasted with incentives in business while discussing several issues, including family choice, mainstreaming, the use of instructional technologies such as mediated instruction, and the types of changes that public schools have incentives to accept. The solution to the problem of applying desirable technology in public education is to have a new incentive structure for the public schools.


The possibility of cooperation in a repeated prisoner's dilemma without memory is investigated in an evolutionary framework where 1) some agents ('Vulcans') are morally commited to cooperation, 2) some others ('Klingons') are not commited at all, and 3) there is random matching.


To improve the quality of the image restored by blind deconvolution,three initial-value-choosing methods are proposed,namely the experimental method,the Gaussian point spread function fitting method and the Kolmogorov spectrum method.Zernike polynomials are introduced to parameterize the point spread function,and the maximum-likelihood iterative blind deconvolution algorithm is applied to restore the blurred SEASAT image and the observed image of Jupiter.Experimental results show that the images have better details when restored by applying the Kolmogorove spectrum method and the Gaussian point spread function method.


The study of structural reliability is related to the assessment the probability of limit state violations in a structural system. Once the designer defines the relevant limits of the structural system, the safety level of these limits must be evaluated. A reliability study of hot-rolled I beams in a flexure limited state, designed in accordance with Brazilian Code NBR 8800 (1986) and draft of new NBR 8800 (2003) was done by the First Order Reliability Method (FORM). Variations of the reliability index (b) versus slenderness are plotted, and finally a methodology to obtain uniform reliability in a limited-state domain by adopting correction procedures for the strength factor is presented.


Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the range of pH decline from 45 min to 48 h after the slaughter on the quality of meat in (Landrace × Yorkshire) × Hampshire fattening pigs. The mean value and standard deviation for the range of pH fall from 45 min to 48 h postmortem served to create the following experimental groups: group I with pH decline less or equal to 0.88 units pH; group II with pH decline higher than 0.88 but lower than 1.26 pH units; and group III where pH decline was equal to 1.26 units or higher. This investigation showed that glycolytic resources in meat (glycogen and lactate) were connected with the range of pH decline from 45 min to 48 h postmortem. The different ultimate pH in meat with the same lactate concentration was noted (group I vs. II). Although the range and the rate of pH decline from 3 h postmortem was higher and significantly faster (P≤0.05 and 0.01) in both groups with a higher pH fall (groups II and III), there was no statistically confirmed influence of the investigated range of pH fall on drip loss and on colour. The average values for drip loss and colour obtained in this experiment were related to ultimate pH of meat of (L × Y) × H fatteners, being characteristic for acid meat


In this paper, impact of lightly doped Ge substrate on drain current of Trigate N-FinFET has been investigated. The result obtained was compared with heavily doped Si substrate N-FinFET. The highest peak saturated drain current was found to increased by 25% in input characteristics and 8% in output characteristics. The fin height kept constant, hence without affecting the area consumed. The simulation has been done using VISUAL TCAD.


Purpose: To assess the ability of retinal Muller cells that are to generate tractional forces during culture and to evaluate their responsiveness to contraction-stimulating growth factors. Methods: After being dissociated from porcine retina, Muller cells were cultured, and identified by immunocytochemistry. The cells were applied to the collagen gel, and changes in the thickness of the collagen layer over time were measured. Then these values were used to estimate Muller cell's contractility indirectly. Each of the applications was classified by an initial cell population and added IGF-I and PDGF concentrations. Results: The contraction rate of collagen at 24 hours into incubation differed significantly between the cell groups, with group 1 having a ratio of 5.080.81, group 2; 7.%0.44, group 3; 21.460.86, and group 4; 28.361.64% (p


The vast majority of guitars produced today are built according to general principles laid down in the nineteenth century. Nevertheless, the devil is in the detail, and innovative makers constantly reappraise the design and construction of instruments in their endeavors to control quality or to seek ''improvement.'' The maker's approach, necessarily, tends to be pragmatic, but it is one which can be greatly informed by the application of relatively simple acoustical models. This paper will examine various important design aspects—for example choice of materials, body size, strutting, soundboard thickness—introducing the basis for making informed decisions.


PURPOSE: A secondary battery is provided to cut a coupling between two electrode assemblies attached to a pouch exterior when the pouch exterior swells up by abnormal behavior of a battery, thereby being capable of fundamentally blocking the current flow from an external terminal into the electrode assemblies. CONSTITUTION: A secondary battery comprises a first electrode assembly(110a), a second electrode assembly(110b), and a connection part electrically connecting the first and second assemblies. In the connection part, a first electrode tab protruded from the first electrode assembly and a second electrode tab protruded from the second electrode assembly are electrically connected to each other. Each of the first electrode tab and second electrode tab comprises a first coupling part(122) and a second coupling part(123) which are respectively attached onto the first side and second side of a pouch exterior(120). One of the first side and second side of the pouch type exterior is the upper side of the pouch type exterior and the other one is the lower side of the pouch type exterior.


As a restorer of cultural goods, this project is about reactivate the value of all the artworks of the Church of San Nicolás de Bari y San Pedro Mártir in Valencia. The main and exclusive objective falls on the collection of sculptures and easels, which are exposed in the chapels of this church. With the purpose of keeping update the property of this church, an electronic database will be created. This database will be based on an out-dated and hand-written inventory from 1980. Because of these circumstances, this inventory will be studied in detail and it will collect information on how to create a database. When this process will be finished, a new form of processing data with a computer programme will be used, so that the data can be modified or added easily. This should help to detect any possible mistakes and catalogue all the goods in a more dynamic and open way.


The invention discloses a comprehensive intelligent ECU (electronic control unit) detecting system and method for gas vehicles. The comprehensive intelligent ECU detecting system comprises a PC (personal computer) in communication connection with an MCU (microprogrammed control unit) through a USB (universal serial bus), and the MCU is in serial connection with the ECU. By the comprehensive intelligent ECU detecting system and method, the PC controls the MCU to output signals to detect whether various functions of the ECU are qualified or not and display detected results on the PC, and the detected results can also be printed through a printer.


During research it was established, that the enelbin (naftidrofuril) normalized parameters neurohymoral homeostasis at patients with chronic infringements of brain blood circulation. The preparation the enelbin is a medical product of a choice in treatment dyscirculation encephalopathy.


The teaching of the subject Mathematics in the Modern World is one of the new course in the first year college requires teachers to be a high tech teacher-leader or teacher-manager in their respective classrooms. This study surveyed freshmen college students in Math 11(Mathematics in the Modern) on their level of interest, attitudes, and academic performance and did a correlational approach to the gathered data. It also adopted the Performance Analysis Quadrant (PAQ) for employees by Jones (1993 to analyze the relationship of the factors like attitudes towards Mathematics and the level of performance indicated by the freshmen students in the areas of Mathematics. The results showed that:That most of the students have low interest and unfavorable attitude in Math 11(Mathematics in the Modern World) in which most of them have grades of 80 to 84%. The correlation of the level of interest in Math and academic performance is "positive moderate correlation", while the attitude and level of interest in Math is" positive low or weak correlation", and the attitude and academic performance is also "positive low correlation." This implies that as attitude change, the academic performance also changes moderately. "The performance analysis quadrant revealed that most of the students have satisfactory performance but with unfavorable attitudes towards Math 11(Mathematics in the Modern World). Thus, the level of interest can contribute to the attitudes and the academic performance of the students in Math 11.


BACKGROUND
In East Asian countries, patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have lower cardiovascular risk profiles and experience fewer cardiovascular events (CVEs) than those in Western countries. Thus, the clinical predictive performance of well-known risk factors warrants further testing in this population.

METHODS
The KoreaN cohort study for Outcome in patients with CKD (KNOW-CKD) is a multicenter, prospective observational study. We included 1579 participants with CKD G1-G5 without kidney replacement therapy between 2011 and 2016. The main predictor was coronary artery calcium score (CACS). The primary outcome was a composite of non-fatal CVEs or all-cause mortality. Secondary outcomes included 3-point major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE; the composite of cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, or non-fatal stroke), all CVEs, and all-cause mortality.

RESULTS
During a median follow-up of 5.1 years, a total of 123 primary outcome events occurred (incidence rate, 1.6/100 person-years). In the multivariable Cox model, a 1-SD log increase in CACS was associated with a 1.67-fold (95% confidence interval [CI]; 1.37-2.04) higher risk of the primary outcome. Compared to CACS of 0, the hazard ratio associated with CACS > 400 was 4.89 (95% CI, 2.68-8.93) for the primary outcome. This association was consistent for secondary outcomes. Moreover, the inclusion of CACS led to modest improvements in prediction indices of the primary outcome compared to well-known conventional risk factors.

CONCLUSIONS
In Korean patients with CKD, CACS was independently associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause death. CACS also showed modest improvements in prediction performance over conventional cardiovascular risk factors.


The in vitro release of B-thromboglobulin (BTG) from platelets after stirring the platelet rich plasma (PRP) 5 min (37 degrees C/1000 rpm) was studied in a group of 13 healthy subjects before and after 'in vivo' aspirin ingestion, 1 g/d for 3 d. A significant reduction in the platelet BTG release (31%) was observed after aspirin ingestion in comparison to the pre-aspirin values, suggesting that the BTG release by stirring is related to a platelet activation process. Small doses of collagen (0.625 microgram/ml) and thrombin (0.1 U/ml) always released platelet BTG, whether or not there was a visible platelet aggregation, suggesting that platelet activation is not necessarily followed by visible platelet aggregation. A significant correlation was found between the BTG released by stimulation with collagen (2.5 microgram/ml) and thrombin (0.2 U/ml) and the maximum velocity and intensity of the aggregation curve parameters.


The electrophilic and nucleophilic reactions of M(S-S,ph)(N-N,H) (M = Ni(II), Pd(II), Pt(II); (S-S,ph) = 1,2-diphenylethylenedithiolate; (N-N,H)=1,10-phenanthroline) complexes have been investigated. Reaction with norbornadiene depended upon the back donating ability of the central metal ion and produced 2,5-dithia-3,4-diphenyl-tricyclo[4,4,1,0]-undeca-3,8-diene. In the reaction with methyl iodide, the effect of cleavage of (N-N,H) ligand affected the yield of methylated product. The structure of the thermolysis product, -bismethylthiostibene of methylated complexes indicates that the main product of the nucleophilic reaction is . We have synthesized a new mixed-ligand complex M(S-S,CN)(N-N,H)((S-S,CN) = 1,2-dicyanoethylenedithiolate) through the nucleophilic reaction of ligand.


© 2013 McKnight, licensee InTech. This is an open access chapter distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Insights into the Relative DNA Binding Affinity and Preferred Binding Mode of Homologous Compounds Using Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC)


Many routing and wavelength assignment algorithms have been proposed for optical networks, but they lack the refinement of being able to further share the gigabit bandwidth in each wavelength. Obviously, TDM wavelength routing networks can offer better network throughput than traditional wavelength routed networks. However, with the advancement of optical technology, it is possible to divide a wavelength in a fiber into time-slots, and further divide a time-slot into mini-slots so that the fiber bandwidth can be more efficiently utilized. This paper proposes a router architecture with an electronic system controller to support optical data transfer at the mini-slots of a time-slot in a wavelength for each hop of a route. No wavelength converter is employed in the proposed router architecture. The effectiveness of this network in blocking probability and throughput is demonstrated by simulation


Maize (variety Katumani) was planted in a greenhouse and plants were infested with 20 Chilo partellus second instar larvae 3 and 4 weeks after plant emergence. One isolate of Beauveria bassiana (BB-01) and four isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae (PPRC-4, PPRC-19, PPRC-61 and EE-01) were sprayed onto the leaf whorl at 2×108 conidia/mL 24 h after infestation. Leaf damage by the larvae was greatly reduced by the treatments. The mean daily temperature and relative humidity in the greenhouse ranged from 10 to 35°C and 30 to 90%, respectively. The growth of infested unsprayed plants was less than that of fungi treated plants. Stem tunneling (1-5%), deadheart (0-33%), number of attacked nodes (0.3-2.5) and holes (0.2-3.3) were also reduced in plants sprayed with conidial suspensions. Isolates PPRC-4, PPRC-19 and PPRC-61 seemed to be the best candidates for further development.


An overlay facility is described which enables large LISP programs such as are frequently encountered in symbolic algebraic manipulation to be used in a memory environment considerably smaller than required for the entire program. This facility has been implemented in the University of Texas LISP for CDC 6000 series machines, and has been so far applied to Joel Moses' integration package with good results.


Abstract Results are reported on the support effect on the catalytic activity in thiophene hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of sulfided Ni-Mo catalysts supported on pure niobia, mixed oxides of Nb2O5-TiO2 prepared by sol-gel method, and Nb2O5/TiO2 and Nb2O5/Al2O3 prepared by surface deposition. The prepared samples were characterized using N2 adsorption at −196°C, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) techniques. This study showed activity variation as a function of support composition. The activity of niobia-rich catalysts was no longer promoted by the synergy between Ni and Mo. The absence of synergy between molybdenum and nickel on niobia can be explained by the strong interaction of each metal with niobia at the expense of interaction with each other. It was found that 5 wt% Nb2O5/TiO2-supported catalyst was the better catalyst for thiophene HDS. It was shown that by means of an adequate support design it is possible to significantly increase the functionalities of HDS catalysts. Semiconducting supports like TiO2 can improve the HDS activity by exerting electronic effects on the active phase, helping in this way the formation of sulfur vacancies. The 5 wt% Nb2O5/TiO2 was also tested at high pressure with gas oil feedstock. It is observed with the hydrogeolysis of sulfur compounds against time-on-stream that the activity of this catalyst decreases fast with time.


N-(α,β-Unsaturated acyl)-α-amino acids, amides and esters are structural motifs of many biologically active natural products. An alternate and advantageous approach for the synthesis of N-(α,β-unsaturated acyl)-α-amino acid derivatives is developed via acylation of unprotected α-amino acids with stable crystalline N-(α,β-unsaturated acyl)benzotriazole. The proposed methodology provides a new synthesis for compound (9) which is a precursor to a novel cytotoxic agent.


Dentin hypersensitivity is an unpleasant sensation of transient tooth pain associated with a variety of exogenous stimuli that may no cause discomfort in a normal tooth. The most inexpensive and efficient first line of treatment for most patients can be easily done using toothpastes or mouthwashes containing a potential desensitizing agent.


We implement the Hoose et al. [2010] parameterization, which is based on the classic nucleation theory (CNT), into the Community Atmospheric Model version 5.1 (CAM5.1) to represent the ice nucleation in mixed-phase clouds in the model. With the implementation of this new heterogeneous ice nucleation in CAM5, we find that immersion freezing by mineral dust is the dominant ice formation process in mixed-phase clouds, followed by immersion freezing by soot. Compared to immersion freezing, deposition and contact nucleation by either dust or soot, are less important. We also examine the impact of this new parameterization on the global and Arctic clouds and radiation by comparing the results with those from the default CAM5.1.


The antioxidants derived from biological sources are generally regarded as safe than synthetic ones owing to their less or no adverse effects. Wild mushrooms being a potential source of nutrients as well as antioxidants, bioactive properties of uncooked and cooked wood-inhabiting Lentinus squarrosulus andtermite mound-inhabiting Termitomyces clypeatus have been compared. Both mushrooms showed appreciable antioxidant potential, which is influenced by their bioactive principles (total phenolics, tannins, flavonoids and vitamin C) and proximal properties (crude protein, crude lipid, crude fibre and carbohydrates). These mushrooms were devoid of trypsin inhibition and hemagglutinin activity. Uncooked as well as cooked mushrooms with adequate nutritional components serve as sources of potential antioxidant to combat many human ailments. The present study and recent perspectives on nutraceuticals of macrofungi denote L. squarrosulus and T. clypeatus as the high-value nutraceutical sources in Southwestern India.


The NASA Mars Pathfinder MissionMark Siebert (Member, STLE)Theo Keith (Member, STLE)University of ToledoSidebarThe Mars Surveyor '98 is the next generation of spacecraft that will be sent toMars. Consisting of an orbiter (to be launched this December) and a lander (to belaunched in January 1999), the mission has a science theme of "Volatiles and ClimateHistory." The Mars 98 orbiter will provide detailed information about the surface andclimate of Mars. The Mars 98 lander will land near the southern polar cap on Mars. Thelander is equipped with a stereo camera, a robotic arm and instruments to measure themartian soil composition. Two small microprobes are also piggybacking on the lander,which will separate from the lander during entry into the martian atmosphere and punchinto the soil to determine if water ice is present. The microprobes will also measure soiltemperature and monitor local martian weather.AbstractThe National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) sent a mission to themartian surface, called Mars Path.finder. The mission payload consisted of a lander and arover. The primary purpose of the mission was demonstrating a novel entry, descent, andlanding method that included a heat shield, a parachute, rockets, and a cocoon of giant airbags. Once on the surface, the spacecraft returned temperature measurements near theMartian surface, atmosphere pressure, wind speed measurements, and images from thelander and rover. The rover obtained 16 elemental measurements of rocks and soils,performed soil-mechanics, atmospheric sedimentation measurements, and soilabrasiveness measurements.IntroductionOn July 4, 1997 America returned t9 the red planet after more than 20 years withthe landing of Mars Pathfinder. Before losing contact with the spacecra_ on September27, 1997, the spacecraft returned pictures of martian sunrises, a rocky terrain, and theSojourner rover crawling from rock to rock.Mars Pathfinder was the second launch of the Discovery program (the first wasMars Global Surveyor (MGS) on November 7, 1996) of low cost planetary missions. Oneof the mission objectives was to demonstrate a simple, low-cost system for placing ascience payload on the surface of Mars at one-tenth the Viking mission cost. The


Progress in the quantitative use of CT numbers for patient diagnosis has been limited because of scanner drift, energy dependence, and various artifacts. The nature of these errors is discussed, and methods of evaluating them are described. In addition, remedial measures are mentioned, including the use of a three-point calibration phantom.


To the Editor:

We write about the important article from Maron et al1 reporting the results from a 27-year registry on sudden cardiac arrest in US athletes. We appreciate the effort of the authors to provide an estimate of the absolute number of fatal events that occur annually, and we recognize that the study results provide the best data available on the US experience with cardiac events in athletes. In Figure 3, the authors show the distribution over the time of 1866 fatal events. The graphic demonstrates a clearly increasing time trend of sudden cardiac arrest in the US athletes. It is highly impressive that 576 (31%) occurred in the 1980 …


Through analyzing the violent fire taken place in China recent years, it's found that people always neglect the security against fire control while taking the theft-proof requirement into account. It is necessarily to develop some new-style security window with kinds of function, such as sunshade, theft-proof, adjust lighting and ventilation, as well as can unlock to form an exigency exit while a fire take place. So it can solve the security conflict between theft-proof and fire control ultimately, and be propitious to construct a much more harmonious community.


Introduction A middle-aged adult, who had been hospitalized because of acute ischemic stroke, complained of sudden shortness of breath on the second day of admission. On physical examination, he was afebrile and normotensive and had no abnormal breathing sounds. Laboratory tests revealed abnormal levels of fibrinogen, fibrin degradation products, and D-dimer, which were all elevated (D-dimer level: 15.9 mg/l fibrinogen equivalent unit; reference range: 0–0.55). Computed tomography (CT) was performed under the tentative diagnosis of pulmonary embolism on the basis of the patient's clinical history and abnormal coagulation profile. CT of the chest showed filling defects (arrows) consistent with emboli in the main pulmonary trunk bilaterally (Fig. 1) and a focal wedge-shaped Hampton's hump, which indicated a pleura-based infarction (arrow) of the corresponding arterial territory in the superior segment of the right lower lobe (Fig. 2). The patient's condition deteriorated despite aggressive medical treatment and he died from respiratory failure.


Considering the valuable environmental and cultural heritage existing in the world in the context of agribusiness, it is possible to highlight the role of ethno-zootechnics as an important new tool for understanding these values, the rescue and generational transmission of livestock knowledge are relevant. Given this, the objective was to understand the perception of milk producers from the Ethno-zootechnical perspective. Through a semi-structured script, questionnaires were carried out with 41 interviewees and representatives of dairy farms to register the relevance of basic cultural knowledge associating them with social, economic and social environmental development. Cluster analysis was carried out using the hierarchical method. It was concluded that part of the dairy farmers located in the Northwest region of Minas Gerais state, the man/animal relationship is important, with traits of affection and utility. The transmission of traditional knowledge of the dairy activity is important, and that they believe that scientific and traditional knowledge can be beneficial in rural activity.


One of the bold issues in autonomous driving is considered semantic image segmentation, which must be done with high accuracy and speed. Semantic segmentation is used to understand an image at the pixel level. In this regard, various architectures based on deep neural networks have been proposed for semantic segmentation of autonomous driving image datasets. In this paper, we proposed a novel combination method in which dividing the image into its constituent regions with the help of classical segmentation brings about achieving beneficial information that improves the DeepLab v3+ network results. The proposed method with the two backbones, Xception and MobileNetV2, obtains the mIoU of 81.73% and 76.31% on the Cityscapes dataset, respectively, which shows promising results compared to the model without post-processing.