An experiment involving 2 cultivars,and 3 sowing dates and densities was conducted in Laizhou Experimental Station of China Agricultural University in 2008~2009 with the objective of selecting the optimum cultivation pattern.The effects of sowing date and density on sink/source relationship and canopy light transmission of summer maize population were also analyzed in the experiment.The results indicate higher sink/source indices under sowing date before June 22 at a density of 6.00×104~ 7.50×104·hm-2 (semi-compact variety "Jinhai No.5") or 6.75×104~8.25×104·hm-2 (compact variety "Zhengdan 958").At this rate,LAI is 4.88~5.97 at silking and 2.73~4.48 at maturity stage,light transmission is 21.09%~34.82% at silking and 27.97%~35.29% at maturity stage,ear-leaf Pn is 34.4~41.7 μmol(CO2)·m-2·s-1.The optimum yield is 14 863.50 kg·hm-2 for "Jinhai No.5" sowed at June 15~17 with 7.50×104·hm-2 density,and 15 123.30 kg·hm-2 for "Zhengdan 958" sowed at June 15~17 with 8.25×104·hm-2 density.


United the actual situation of coiling temperature controlling for Meigang 1 422 mm hot-rolling mill,analyzes the shortcoming to available CTC pattern,proposes dividing to optimizate CTC pattern,the laminar flow cooling controlling way along with finish rolling set rolling velocity and so on,thereby enhances the controlling accuracy of the coiling temperature,especially increases the temperature controlling accuracy of a great different coiling target temperature.


Two typical morphology of two-dimensional aggregates are considered: compact crystalline clusters and string-like non-compact conformations. Simulated trajectories of both types of aggregates are analysed with fine spatial resolution. While the long-time geometry of such trajectories appears to be statistically identical for two conformations, the self-overlap statistics reveal two distinct short-time {\em pre-caging} mechanisms. While the time-scale is directly proportional with length-scale for particles in a compact aggregates, an inverse relationship holds for non-compact clusters. These short length-fast time relationship of particle localization might hold the key to the structure-function relationship of aggregate forming systems and other non-equilibrium soft materials.


This article mainly aims at GPRS application in the wireless monitoring data transmission, introduces a design method of embedded remote control used for bridge lightings based on GPRS . The design uses Internet access function based on GPRS, W77E58 SCM acquire parameters of the bridge lightings and establishes the central server on Internet to communicate with GPRS terminal equipment. So, it can implement data real-time collection and transmission, remote control bridge lightings.


In this paper, we analyze the asymptotic behaviour of the value function vt of an undiscounted continuous-time Markov decision chain. Both the state space and the action space are assumed to be finite. A new proof of the convergence of vt-tg is presented where g denotes the maximal expected average reward over an infinite time horizon. Moreover, it is shown that this convergence is exponential.


Identification of sources and transport pathways of heavy metals and major ions is crucial for effective water quality monitoring, particularly in large river systems. The Ganges river basin, the largest and the most populous river basin in India, remains poorly studied in this regard. We conducted a basin-level analysis of major ions, heavy metals, and stable isotopes of nitrate in the Ganges during the pre-monsoon season to constrain the sources and quantify the inorganic chemical composition of the river during its lean flow. Bedrock weathering, anthropogenic interferences, water contribution through tributaries, and surface water-groundwater interaction were identified as the major driver of metal and ion variability in the river. Heavy metals showed the highest concentrations in the upper section of the river, whereas ionic loads were the most variable in the middle. We find a significant impact of tributaries on the metal and ion concentrations of the Ganges in its lower reaches. Isotopic analysis of dissolved nitrate suggested synthetic fertilizers and industrial wastes as the main sources. We find that the otherwise clean waters of the Ganges can show high ionic/metallic concentrations at isolated stretches (As: up to 36 µg/L), suggesting frequent monitoring in the source region to maintain water quality. Except for water collected from the Yamuna and Kannauj in the middle stretch and the Alaknanda and Rishikesh in the upper stretch, the WQI showed acceptable water quality for the sampled stations. These findings provide an insight into the modifications of dissolved inorganic chemical loads and their sources in different sections of the basin, needed for mitigating site-specific pollution in the river, and a roadmap for evaluating chemical loads in other rivers of the world.


Aim: To compare intravaginal route of metronidazole and oral dosage of metronidazole for treatment in bacterial vaginosis (BV) of obstetrical patients. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, A total of 150 cases (75 in each group) were included in present study. The study was done at outpatient department of obstetrics and gynaecology, unit-ii, sir Ganga ram hospital, Lahore. Group-A participants were given an adequate treatment of oral metronidazole 400mg two times per day for a whole week and those in group-B were treated with intravaginal metronidazole gel 0.75% 5gms once daily for 5 days. Results: Mean age was 31.9±1.8 and 32.7±3.1 year in group-A and B, respectively. Mean gestational age was 36.1±2.5 weeks in group-A while 35.9±1.9 weeks in group-B. Majority of the patients had parity between 0-2 in both groups. Oral metronidazole (Group-A) was effective in 64 patients (85.3%) and metronidazole intravaginal gel (group-B) in 67 patients (89.3%). Difference between two groups was not significant (P=0.461) (P=0.461). Conclusion: It is concluded from present study, that metronidazole vaginal gel is more effective than oral dosage form of metronidazole required for proper treatment and cure of bacterial vaginosis, but apparently, there was no critical distinction seen among two groups. Its use is associated with good results and relief of symptoms of BV.


The potential relationship between pulmonary tuberculosis and lung cancer remains still poorly understood. The aim of our work was to study the features of the course of the tumor process and pulmonary tuberculosis in mice infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis with transplanted Lewis epidermoid lung carcinoma.


The postharvest characteristics of Camellia japonica L.was studied.The results showed that the bloomed camellia would became wilting after being inserted into deionized water at 20 ℃ and 60% relative humidity for 2 d;while flower buds might live longer without blooming under the same conditions.Vase life of bloomed camellias could reach to 4 d when relative humidity was approximately 100% as it would ultimately disblossom due to factors such as water potential,water condution and so on.The content of ethylene released was relatively low in the initial time after harvest in all tested materials;and it had a steep rise before the flowers fall off.There was positive correlation between brown area on petals and the ethylene content released by the flower.The speed of disblossom induced by ethylene could be slowed down by treatment of deionized water or 0.2 mmol/L silver thiosulfate solution,however,brown necrotic spots could not be obviously inhibited.


The authors focus on the way in which owner-managers in smaller firms improve their businesses through the creation of 'strategic space'. The term 'strategic space' refers to the process by which owner-managers are able to access resources, motivation and capability to review existing practices. The starting point is the owner-manager's human capital and their capacity to engage in critical reflection about their business. We highlight three concepts central to the creation of strategic space, first, social capital, which refers to the network relationships that provide access to a wide range of resources and information. Second, absorptive capacity, which describes the way in which organizational members identify, acquire and utilize knowledge from external sources. Third, mediating artefacts, which represent existing knowledge but also facilitate the translation and transformation of understanding within and between communities of practice. This process is essential to the renewal of knowledge and knowing within firms. The contribution this paper makes is to bring together these elements – human and social capital, absorptive capacity and mediating artefacts – to offer a conceptual model that illustrates the mechanism by which owner-managers create strategic space. This model provides a deeper understanding of the evolution of knowledge in smaller organizations.


The statics analysis and fatigue analysis on double telescopic columns are studied in this paper. First, based on the actual mechanical conditions, which the column are subjected, the mechanical calculation model is established. The reasonable assumptions of the load and boundary conditions for the model are proposed. Considering the actual force and deformation state of the column, the revised deformation compatibility conditions for the longitudinal bending beam model are presented. For each column component, the deflection, angle, maximum bending moment and its position are calculated under two load conditions, respectively. Then, according to the fourth strength theory, the combined stress of each part are calculated. The numerical results show that the revised continuity boundary conditions reflect actual force and deformation state of the column better. Second, according to the fatigue test datum of the double telescopic column, the strain history is processed statistically to determine the working cycle by the rain flow counting algorithm. Based on the linear cumulative fatigue damage theory and the assumption of equivalent damage, fatigue life of each column component is estimated.


Security education is critical in today's cyber-threat environment. Many schools have investigated different approaches to teaching fundamental security concepts through lectures, hands-on labs, security education tools, competitions, and integrated curricula. At the Air Force Academy, we have used interactive tools in and out of the classroom to teach security concepts for several years. Several of our tools present concepts in a simulated environment with a higher level of abstraction than running a real tool on an actual machine. We have also begun experimenting with embedding the tools in a set of web pages that can be used to direct the student through the concepts, suggest experiments to try, and provide additional explanation of results. These "web labs" are well-suited to remote access and online learning environments. This paper will describe the general design philosophy of such labs, give specific examples, and discuss our experience and future plans.


Introduction: Sickle cell anemia is endemic in south west of Saudi Arabia, and patients with hip pain and sickle cell anemia are frequently seen in orthopedic clinics and are a challenge to treat. Total hip re placement is proven to be of benefit for patients with secondary hip joint degeneration due to avascular necrosis. Patient's other musculoskeletal manifes tations of sickle cell anemia have their impact on patient's outcome following hip replacement. Objective: To compare the effects of disease mani festation other than that on the replaced hip on outcome of hip replacement in sickle cell anemia patients. Material and Methods: Retrospective study of 20 patients who underwent total hip procedure with 6 month follow up divided into two groups, to see the effect of other musculoskeletal changes on out -come. Results: The total hip procedure was done for all 20 patients; all patients were aged 25 to 52-years old; females were 13 patients and Males 7 patients; Left hip was affected in 12 patients and right hip in 8 patients. All patients had uneventful post-operative recovery; all patients' data is shown in Table one. 6 months post op showed less satisfaction in patients with manifestation of sickle cell anemia involving, in addition of the replaced hip, spinal disorders such as scoliosis or back pain due to infarct and collapse or soft tissue contractures of hips or knees. Conclusion: Categorizing all sickle cell hip avascu lar necrosis in one group is unfair for patients and surgeons. Patients with multiple sites of disease manifestation must be considered a difficult primary hip and handled with care, while some patients with isolated hip involvement have comparable results to hip replacement in other conditions.


The growth of the Brazilian poultry processing facilities required to improve the productivity of the system. The thermoneutral zone is related to an ideal thermal environment, where birds have good conditions to express their productive characteristics. This work was carried out to analyze the internal microclimate in broiler houses using new bed (House 1) or reused litter (House 2), in order to understand the inference of the same on the thermal dynamics of the environment and quantify the impact of reuse from inside the house. The evaluation was based on environmental variables: air temperature, bed temperature and black globe temperature, relative humidity, air velocity and light intensity. With the collected data were calculated the rates of temperature and humidity (RTH), the rate of black globe temperature and humidity (RBGTH) and radiant heat load (RHL) of each house. In both houses the air temperature was above the recommended (27.4 and 28.0 °C). The house with reused litter had the lowest relative humidity (57.8%) and the lowest air velocity (0.7 m s-1). Comfort levels differ between systems, and thermal conditions more stressful for the birds found in the house with reused litter (RTH = 25.31 and WBGT = 25.67).


Stratiform, irregularly stratiform and columnar stromatolites are found in the third section of Qingjiamiao Group, while columnar and hemispherical stromatolites are found in Sanyoudong Group in Cambrian strata in Songzi Liujiachang area. 1) From the stratiform and columnar stromatolites to hemispherical stromatolites, the internal plaster content is decreasing. And from obvious layer characteristics to intermittent layer characteristics, they reflect that the hydrodynamic conditions are strengthening gradually. 2) From the perspective of sedimentary petrology and the classification of stromatolites, it is concluded that the combinations of stromatolites in different sedimentary environments are different and the main sedimentary facies of different types are different: a) Stratiform (including irregularly statiform) and columnar stromatolites are mainly distributed in the upper tidal zone; columnar and hemispherical stromatolites mainly distribute in the intertidal zone. b) The stratiform stromatolites are mainly found in the upper tidal zone with weak hydrodynamic conditions, while the columnar and hemispherical stromatolites are mainly found in powerful hydrodynamic conditions of the lower intertidal zone. 3) A mass extinction of part of the metazoan is the main reason for the growth of stromatolites in Cambrian strata in Songzi.


Research Background (including field, context and research question)
Opera of Objects is a new co-composed work focussing on the sound and memories of objects. Linking in to the history of opera as musical storytelling with a focus on the voice, the work of Alvin Lucier in his Opera with Objects, and the history of found objects in the percussion tradition, this new work is a series of scenes that explore the inter-connectedness of objects and our sounding world.

• Research Contribution
This is a full concert length work that is significant for three main reasons; 1) it is a co-composition between 3 artist musicians. The working method, negotiations, structure and content of the work were all collaboratively devised over an 8 month period with the assistance of librettist/writer Craig Foltz. 2) The work pushed our individual improvisational practice to incorporate and understand the multi-modal (visual, aural and historical) power of these objects. 3) This is an unusual project in that it demanded from the compositional team that they compose, and perform - both musically and theatrically - the work they had constructed. This is inclusive of directing/staging the work.
• Research Significance (evidence of excellence)
The Opera of Objects was premiered at the Queensland Conservatorium Recital Hall as part of the Clocked Out In-Residence Series. This particular development was documented by 2 research assistants, and documented here by Tangible Media. Since this time the work has be taken up by Adelaide-based Soundstream for performance in September 2019, as is currently being reworked for a radioplay for German Radio. 2 articles are currently being written reflecting on the contribution of this work framed in the history of performance practice in Western Art music.


Policing has become an integral component of urban life. New models of proactive policing create a double-edged sword for communities with strong police presence. While the new policing creates conditions that may deter and prevent crime, close surveillance and frequent intrusive police-citizen contacts have strained police-community relations. The burdens of the new policing often fall on communities with high proportions of African American and Latino residents, yet the returns to crime control are small and the risks of intrusive, impersonal, aggressive non-productive interactions are high. As part of the proffered tradeoff, citizens are often asked to view and accept these invasive tactics as a necessary means to the ends of reduced crime and improved public safety. This paper examines the degree to which urban residents' show a willingness to engage in a "rights tradeoffs" and sacrifice their civil liberties to maintain public safety. Using a telephone phone survey of 960 New York City residents, we find little openness to rights tradeoffs tied to perceived neighborhood danger. However, respondents who see the police as legitimate and effective in producing safety are more likely to support such tradeoffs. The results suggest that trust in the police can give them wide berth to infringe on civil liberties in the interest of crime control, regardless of local crime conditions, the abrasiveness of police contact, and the extent and type of the intrusions on privacy and liberty.


The article introduces the classification of invariants of future teacher's information competence. The groups of abilities, aimed at overcoming of informational barriers in information environment.


Mask plays major role in the photolithography process during whole TFT manufacturing. The photolithography process transfers the desired pattern on mask into panel substrate, which forms some portions of device and performs some electric or optical functions. Due to pattern continuously duplicated, a correct pattern shape of mask is very important in the photolithography process. An abnormal pattern will results in huge loss of yield and cost.


Members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) interleukin/toll-like receptor superfamily such as CD40L, TNFa, and IL-1b potently promote atherogenesis in mice and likely also in humans. TNF receptor associated factors (TRAFs) are cytoplasmic adaptor proteins for this group of cytokines. We recently reported over-expression of TRAFs in murine and human atheromata and demonstrated dependency of classic inflammatory functions on TRAFs in endothelial cells and macrophages. Here we test the hypothesis that TRAF-1 modulates atherogenesis in vivo . TRAF-1--/LDLR--mice fed a high cholesterol diet for 18 weeks developed significantly smaller atherosclerotic lesions compared with LDLR--controls. Intimal lesion size decreased by up to 56±6% and 33±5% in sections of the aortic arch and aortic root, respectively (n>10 per group, P In vitro , gene expression profiling revealed reduced expression of adhesion molecules (VCAM-1, ICAM-1), chemokines (CCL2, CXCL2), and growth factors (M-CSF) in TRAF-1-deficient endothelial cells as well as of integrins (CD29, CD11b) and chemokines/chemokine receptors (CXCL2, CCR1) in TRAF-1-deficient macrophages, verified by siRNA studies in human cells. Finally, both deficiency of TRAF-1 in endothelial cells and neutrophils/monocytes reduced adhesion of inflammatory cells to the endothelium in static and dynamic adhesion assays. We present the novel finding that TRAF 1 deficiency attenuates atherogenesis in mice, an effect most likely mediated by impaired monocyte recruitment to the vessel wall. These data identify TRAF-1 as potential treatment target for chronic inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis.


This article gives a survey of the actual experience with the relatively new technique of photo‐emission electron microscopy. After describing the principal technique and the features of a modern high resolution instrument, the questions of image generation, contrast formation and resolution are considered. In particular the influence of the depth of information on resolution for flat polished sections is studied and some comparisons with the scanning electron microscope (SEM) are made.* The different fields of application of the photo‐EEM are shown by examples.


We present a novel partial decoding method at the relay, called pairwise check decoding (PCD), for two-way relay fading channels. The proposed PCD method forms a so-called check-relationship table for the superimposed Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC)-coded packet pair during the multiple access phase. Meanwhile, it incorporates adaptive network coding by using closest-neighbor clustering mapping (CNCM) to compensate the phase deviation of the fading channels. The proposed PCD method is a practical and efficient realization of the promising denoise-and-forward relay strategy with advanced channel coding and non-linear network coding. Simulation results show that under the same LDPC-coded two-way relay system, our proposed PCD considerably outperforms the case where the relay performs only adaptive network coding without channel decoding. It also performs better than the case where the relay adopts the belief propagation decoding along with conventional XOR-based network coding under certain regions.


-1 (T 1), foliar application of KNO 3 @ 0.5% solution (T 2), foliar application of KNO 3 @1% solution (T 3), foliar application of KNO 3 @ 1.5% solution (T 4) and foliar application of KNO 3 @ 2% solution (T 5). Foliar KNO 3 application @ 1.5% and 2% solutions increased paddy yield by 5.74% (4.97 t ha -1 ) and 10.85% (5.27 t ha -1 ) against that of soil incorporated K 2SO 4 (4.7 t ha -1 ). Significant increase in number of tillers (m -2 ), thousand grain weight, biological and paddy yield was recorded with foliar KNO 3 @ 1.5% and 2% over soil applied K 2SO 4; however, non-significant differences were found on plant height, panicle length, and grains panicle -1 . Foliar KNO 3 @ 1.5% and 2% solutions resulted in net returns of Rs. 14,828 and Rs. 23,804 ha -1 , respectively.


This study focused on understanding the variations in the visitation characteristics of shorebirds (Calidris spp.) between 1990 and 2000 at Nakdong Estuary, Korea. The dataset was collected within 2 long-term monitoring programs: (1) during early 1990 (May 1989 to April 1993) and (2) mid-2000 (May 2002 to April 2008). During these 2 periods, 86,667 birds representing 9 species of shorebirds were recorded at the Nakdong Estuary. Specifically, 22,124 red-necked stints (Calidris ruficollis), 6 long-toed stints (C. subminuta), 4 pectoral sandpipers (C. melanotos), 24 sharp-tailed sandpipers (C. acuminata), 61,627 dunlins (C. alpina), 4 curlew sandpipers (C. ferruginea), 230 red knots (C. canutus), 1106 great knots (C. tenuirostris), and 1542 sanderlings (C. alba) were observed. Of these 9 species belonged to the Calidris genus; 44,218 individuals (of the total 86,667 observed individuals) were recorded during the first study (early 1990), and included 18,635 red-necked stints, 6 long-toed stints, 4 pectoral sandpipers, 11 sharp-tailed sandpipers, 24,482 dunlins, 42 red knots, 536 great knots, and 502 sanderlings. The remaining 42,449 individuals were observed during the second study (mid 2000), and included 3489 red-necked stints, 13 sharp-tailed sandpipers, 37,145 dunlins, 4 curlew sandpipers, 188 red knots, 570 great knots, and 1040 sanderlings. A greater number of individuals were observed during early 1990 compared to mid-2000, with a high number of red-necked stints being documented in the first study (early 1990). Since individuals belonging to the genus Calidris primarily prefer mudflat areas, the decline in species numbers is probably related to factors leading to loss of habitat, such as water contamination and land reclamation. These activities occurred because of the development of the Myungji residential areas and the brackish water zones near Daema-deung (DMD). However, there was no significant difference in the number of observed individuals between the 2 study periods. The average numbers of birds observed in the 5 different regions of the estuary were 2010.3 in Daemadeung, 2952.7 in Jangja · Shinjado, 990.8 in Saja · Doyodeung, 1012.0 in Lower Ulsukdo, and 109.0 in Ulsukdo, with an overall average of 1415.0 birds across these 5 regions. There was a significant difference in the number of birds recorded across the 5 regions. For instance, a greater number of birds was observed in Jangja-Shinjado and Daemadeung compared to those in the other regions. This study showed that the spatial distribution and species abundance of shorebirds inhabiting Nakdong estuary are strongly influenced by the size of the tidal flats located near the sandbar, in addition to changes in the environmental characteristics of this habitat.


During the course of a number of years, work has been conducted at the St. Petersburg Institute of Linguistic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences [RAN] (formerly the Leningrad Branch of the Institute of Linguistics, USSR Academy of Sciences) on the gathering of data on the contemporary language situation in the regions of the Far North. At the basis of this work is a linguo-ethnographic program developed by the author of the present article in conjunction with A. K. Baiburin. The principal object of research of the ethnographic part of the program is the change in the relation between the conservative and innovational tendencies in the contemporary culture of the peoples of the North;1 the object of research of the linguistic part is changes in the language situation. Thus, the principle of the close connection between language and cultural processes has been included in the program from the start.


This paper summarizes results from a study directed at developing design wind speed maps for use in the Caribbean. The study is described in detail in Vickery and Wadhera (2008b). The design wind speeds were developed using a hurricane simulation model similar to that used in the development of the ASCE 7-10 wind speeds. Maps were produced for return periods of 50, 100, 700 and 1,700 years so that the countries adopting the IBC Codes, or using ASCE 7-10 to develop design loads, would have design maps consistent with the design wind speed map used in the United States.


To evaluate the effectiveness of the elastic neck fixed band in improving patient's satisfaction, increasing the level of comfort, as well as reducing hemorrhage amount, etc... . Have 100 patients with subtotal thyroidectomy in our hospital randomly divided into two groups: experimental group and control group. The 50 patients in experimental group are treated with new nursing method, i.e. the elastic neck fixed band. The other 50 patients in control group are treated with traditional nursing method, i.e. the ice pack or sandbag. Observe the effectiveness on patients of the two methods in terms of comfort, bleeding volume, satisfaction. In contrast with the control group, the satisfaction degree of the patients in the experimental group is significantly higher. The difference between the two groups is statistically significant (P<0.01).The bleeding volume of the experimental group is significantly less than that of the control group, the difference is statistically significant between the two groups (P<0.01). The result shows that it is worthy of clinical popularization and application.


We determined the density nf natural killer (NK) cells in frozen sections of malignant melanoma (nine cases), squamous cell carcinoma (six cases) and non‐neoplastic tonsil (five cases) by immunohistologicaland stereological methods. The mean density of NK cells in malignant melanoma (5·0 ± 1·5 ± 103/mm3) and in squamous cell carcinoma (5·1 ± 2·7 ± 103/mm3) was significantly lower than in germinal centres of normal human tonsils (5·0 ± 0·8 ± 104/mm3). The NK cell/tumour cell ratio (0·03 ± 0·015 in malignant melanoma and 0·02 ± 0·015 in squamous cell carcinoma) is 102‐104 times lower than that commonly used for in vitro assays. The possible role of NK cells in malignant skin tumours should be viewed with caution.


Using the temperature Green function method the frequency for a system consisting of a linear chain with quadratic electron-phonon interactions above the transition temperature is calculated approximately. The anharmonic effect is taken into consideration. The temperature dependence of the electrical resistivity at constant pressure and volume is explained. The results of the estimation are shown to be in agreement with experimental data for TTF-TCNQ although the model used for the calculation is too simple to represent TTF-TCNQ fully.


Introduction: Augmented reality technology is a combination of the real world and the virtual world through a set of processes based on software and multimedia documentation storage possibilities provided by the new information and communication technologies. Methodology: This article focuses on the analysis of the use that Spanish media are making of this innovation. Firstly, we have examined the pioneering experiences of the newspaper El País (through its publication El Viajero) and the magazine Fotogramas, mainly based on the QR technology of two-dimensional codes; next, we have proceeded to study the phenomenon from the development apps on mobile devices such as tablets and / or smartphones (in Apple, Android and Windows environments), highlighting their actual reach to date from today; and, finally, we have analysed the short and medium-term experiments based on this innovation that are being carried out in the main Labs belonging to Spanish journalistic companies. Results and conclusions: The results of the research show that augmented reality is still taking its first steps in information market, both on an international scale and even more pronounced in Spain. The vast majority of these experiences do not encompass the complex technological infrastructure RLCS, Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, 72 – Pages 1.670 to 1.688 [Research] [Funded] | DOI:10.4185/RLCS-2017-1240en| ISSN 1138-5820 | Year 2017 http://www.revistalatinacs.org/072paper/1240/90en.html Página 1671 necessary to launch such projects, so, its real development in information industry will be possible with a new generation of physical devices that, in combination with more powerful hardware platforms and specifically designed software, will achieve the integration of real and virtual elements. However, in the medium and a long term it is outlining a scenario in which it is necessary to quantify what is the true deontological impact that the implementation of the augmented reality has in the flow of informative contents generated by information companies, as well as which will have the levels of protection of the data supplied by users of this technology to companies that provide contents and services.


The corpus of the Hungarian novel created at the ELTE Department of Digital Humanities offers new methodologies for the philological research and "distant reading" approaches by providing a digitized, annotated and searchable database of freely accessible novels from the Hungarian literary history. The database fits organically into the international collection of the ELTeC COST Action Project (European Literary Text Collection https://www.distant-reading.net/eltec/), since the first 100 novels of the database are part of the Hungarian sub-corpus of that collection. Beside the description of the corpus and the aspects of the selection, the paper also reports in detail on the possibilities of the quantitative analysis of the novels. In doing so, we want to present what kind of knowledge of the Hungarian literary history can be produced by applying statistical and linguistic approaches, and what role these methods can play in the process of the interpretation of the texts. Through the visualized tendencies, a new history of the style of the Hungarian prose can be outlined, while the peculiarities of some texts in relation to others can lead to the description of the poetics of the given authors and their novels.


One of the two main photoproducts in bilirubin metabolism during phototherapy in neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia is (EZ)-cyclobilirubin. However, it has not yet been possible to come to a final conclusion as to its chemical structure, despite the fact that much effort has been expended on the problem.The present paper demonstrates that (EZ)-cyclobilirubin is formed by the intramolecular cyclization ofthe C-3-vinyl group with the position at C-7 rather than at C-6, without 6-lactone-ring formation. The evidence comes from 13C-n.m.r. spectra, which indicate that an oxygen-bound quaternary carbon atom is not present, and from IH-n.m.r. spectra, which indicate that the orientation of the methyl group at C-2 is equatorial; these findings are supported by mass spectra. The existence of both an epimeric relationship at C-7 between (EE)- and (EZ)-cyclobilirubins A and B and of steric isomers ofthe hydrogen atom and methyl group at C-2 is supported by the fact that the methyl-group protons at C-2 and C-7 are observed as a paired signal in 1H-n.m.r. spectra, and that new signals at C-7, C-2 and C-3f3 appear


The invention provides a battery cover clamping and locking structure, which comprises a body, a battery cover and a clamping and locking part. The battery cover comprises a clamping hook arranged at one end thereof. The clamping and locking part comprises an elastomer, a clamping buckle and two jacking blocks, wherein the clamping buckle is arranged on the elastomer and the two jacking blocks are arranged at both ends of the elastomer. The clamping buckle and the elastomer are slidably arranged on the body. The jacking blocks are respectively abutted against the battery cover. The clamping buckle and the clamping hook are clamped to enable the battery cover to be locked on the body. The body is provided with a clamping hole and a supporting body is arranged on one side of the clamping hole. The two sides of the supporting body are respectively and convexly provided with a stopping part arranged on the body. The elastomer is respectively matched with the stopping parts and moves along the extending direction of the stopping parts. When jacked, the clamping buckle is separated from the clamping hook. The elastomer is driven by the clamping buckle to enable the jacking blocks to slip away from the body and abut against the battery cover, so that the battery cover is opened relative to the body.


This paper,by using double-factor horizontal analysis,estimates the reliability of teaching assessment results.It evaluates teachers' competence and assessors' competence as well.


Examines how the legendary history of Britain by Geoffrey of Monmouth, continued to influence the Renaissance idea of ancient Britain


The article examines health tourism in the context of active ageing of population. The proportion of senior age in the total European population is constantly increasing. Тhe ageing of population becomes a global phenomenon. Currently, active ageing as a process of optimising opportunities for maintaining health, participation in public life and security in order to enhance the quality of life of elderly people can solve problems related to the demographic development. Health tourism facilities may enrich active ageing by adapting their services to the needs of visitors, whom active ageing concerns. The aim of this paper is to point at the ageing of population as well as at the growth of importance of health tourism in Slovakia in terms of the demographic structure of population. For this purpose, the research was undertaken of 175 respondents over 45 years old who, at the time of the survey (March-May 2014), used health tourism services in investigated facilities. According to the results of our investigation, it is worth mentioning that providers of the relevant facilities should explore the segments of middle-aged, elder and senior customers over 45 in detail meet their new needs by creating complex innovative products which may combine health, anti-age and social aspects.


Financial and monetary stability represent elements of maximum importance at international and national levels, through risks borne by neglecting this subject, both for practitioners and for academic environment and researchers. Lack of financial and monetary stability can lead to the manifestation of tensions, vulnerabilities and risks which might seriously affect the process of financial intermediation and even growth. The problem of tensions can be formulated by the reverse analysis of monetary and financial stability, covering multiple aspects of institutional nature, of payment systems, but also of the sphere of financial markets functioning. For this reason, an exogenous-endogenous analysis, allowing the identification of internal and external tensions, vulnerabilities and risks of money market, plays a crucial role in ensuring financial and monetary stability, monetary indicators being able to contain, in their developments, stabilizing or destabilizing elements for monetary and financial markets and for economy. Therefore, this article seeks to analyze, both temporally and in some cases between countries, a series of macro indicator of money market in Romania to see whether and to what extent they may involve tensions which might affect the country's monetary and financial stability. The obtained results don't indicate important imbalances of the Romanian money market, although this faces a number of issues.


Orange is one of important agricultural commodities with highest position in agroindustry sectors; therefore it is needed a considerable effort to develop the orange plants in a large scale.  One of technologies supporting such effort is plant propagation via tissue culture technique. The aim of this experiment was to obtain the most suitable type and concentration of cytokinins for the growth of orange. This experiment was conducted in Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Tadulako University from June to November 2014.  This experiment used a Completely Randomized Design with six treatments, namely 0.5 ppm BAP, 1.0 ppm BAP, 1.5 ppm BAP, 0.5 ppm Kinetin, 1.0 ppm Kinetin and 1.5 ppm Kinetin.  Data was analyzed using analysis of variance and differences between means of the treatments were determined by Honestly Significant Difference test at 5% level.  Results of this experiment indicated that the most suitable type and concentration of cytokinin for the growth of orange was the medium culture supplemented with 1.0 ppm BAP. In such medium composition, the quickest and the highest number of shoot formation was obtained as well as the highest number of leaf formation at 6 weeks after culture, namely 3.40 days after culture, 2.12 shoots and 5.00 leaves per explant, respectively. Keywords :  Cytokinin, In Vitro,Orange.


This article covers the key trends of development of the Russian war prose of the middle XX century in social and literature context. As the key issues of study of the war writers the following are defined: specifics of the literature process of the middle XX century, finding the stages of war literature development, study of problematic and topical aspect and individual writing style of Konstantin Vorobyov and Yury Bondarev, character's problem, author's position. This article analyzes some works of Russian literature about war and sets directions for their study.


The deformation of thin-walled gear shaft nitrided at different conditions was analyzed.The effective measures for controlling the deformation of the gear shaft were found by comparing some kinds of testing program.


A dual-band, single-circular polarized dielectric resonator antenna is presented for 5G mm-wave communications. The rectangular dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) was fed with a modified cross gap, which enables the DRA to realize circularly polarized (CP) radiation and linearly polarized (LP) radiation at 26 GHz and 39 GHz, respectively. The measured impedance bandwidths of the DRA at lower and upper bands are 27.52% (23.5-31 GHz) and 11.31% (35.09-39.3 GHz), respectively. The measured axial ratio (AR) bandwidth (AR<3 dB) is 12.99% (25.228.7 GHz). Then, a four-element parasitic array structure is used to enhance the gain of the proposed DRA so that the DRA can better meet the requirements of mm-wave communication.


Background: An understanding of the current status of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) can help to provide appropriate treatment. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of the DIabetes Versorgungs-Evaluation (DIVE) and the Diabetes-Patienten-Verlaufsdokumentation (DPV) databases for Germany. Results: The analysis included 56,250 people with T1DM (54.2% male), a median age of 36.8 years, and a median diabetes duration of 12.4 years. 15.3% were obese (body mass index ≥ 30kg/m2). Long-acting insulin analogs were used by 53.3%, short-acting analogs by 72.1%, and oral antidiabetic drugs by 4.7%. Patients had a median glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) of 7.8%. There was a drop in HbA1c and an increase in the rate of hypertension, oral antidiabetic drug use, and in the rate of severe hypoglycemia (all p < 0.01) with age. Flash glucose monitoring (FGM) showed the best glucose values with fewer complications compared to other monitoring systems. HbA1c and FBG were lower in patients using a pump versus multiple daily injections (MDIs; 7.7 versus 7.9% and 7.8 versus 8.7 mmol/l; all adjusted p < 0.01). Patients had a lower risk of at least one severe hypoglycemic or DKA episode during the most recent treatment year with pump treatment compared to MDI (9.4% versus 10.5% and 4.7% versus 6.1%, both adjusted p < 0.01). Conclusion: The data demonstrated less-than-optimal glycemic control in the young, an increasing metabolic pattern in T1DM with increasing age, a benefit of FGM to improve HbA1c control and adverse effects, as well as benefits of pump treatment over MDIs.


This study examines the demand for agricultural information at farm level, using Probit and Logit models. 646 farmers are surveyed with a questionnaire to attain the data and 441 of them have responded. The demand functions for computers, agricultural softwares, and agricultural databases at from level have been derived and used to project the demand for agricultural information in year . Results find that only 5.89% of farmers have PCs at farm and rarely use the agricultural databases and softwares in 1994. The low demand figures are mostly due to the difficulty of using the PCs, databases, and softwares. The demand figures will increase in early 2000`s with 15.46% of farmers having PCs. User Friendly developed softwares and databases, and education for using agricultural information are necessary to increase the demand figures.


PURPOSE: A construction method for a composite structure using a shear reinforcement member is provided to maximize the composition effect by heightening the internal force resisting the external force affected from the outside of a structure by increasing adhesive strength between a steel beam and concrete, to heighten control force for restraining the transformation by creep, and to improve economical efficiency such as reduction on maintenance cost by improving the function for restraining the transformation of a structure such as distortion, etc. CONSTITUTION: The construction method for a composite structure using a shear reinforcement member comprises the steps of: manufacturing a shear reinforcement member(10) by installing a reinforcing bar(11) of the appointed length in an empty cylindrical shape, then assembling lateral ties(12) having a regular interval; installing a steel beam(13) to the cylindrical inside of the shear reinforcement member(10) to make the cylindrical shear reinforcement member(10) assembled by a steel beam(13) and a reinforcing bar(11) function as a shear key; placing concrete in a circular steel tube(14) used as a shear reinforcement member(10); and installing many projections around the circular steel tube(14) to use as a shear reinforcement member(10), then placing concrete in the circular steel tube(14).


The strawberry germplasm 455-3 with high hardness and good storage ability was bred by sexual hybridization.The comprehensive resistance of fruit was 0.602 kg/cm2,and the elastic force of fruit was 0.945 kg/cm2.Its hardness was the highest among the current strawberry germplasm resources in Shijiazhuang Pomology Institue,Heibei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,which was an excellent breeding material.


In the first part, a review is offered of the intrinsic stability of pressure- or radiation-driven burning of solid propellants with chemically inert condensed phase. The two main approaches today available [flame modeling and the Zeldovich-Novozhilov (ZN) method] are both considered. Within the current quasi-steady homogeneous one-dimensional framework, the intrinsic burning stability boundaries and frequency of the self-sustained oscillatory solution predicted by several techniques are the same; the classical boundaries predicted by the ZN are somewhat extended. The intrinsic stability boundaries for pressure-driven or radiation-driven burning are identical in the limit of fully opaque condensed phase (surface absorption). However, the burning configurations are affected by the impinging radiant flux. Some peculiar effects of radiation assisted burning are illustrated. In the second part of this article, an extension is presented to chemical reactions volumetrically distributed in the condensed phase with a uniform heat release rate distribution. Frequency response functions and unbounded response limits are obtained; both recover the particular configuration of chemically inert condensed phase. Nomenclature A = nondimensional function, Eq. (31); Denison and Baum nondimensional parameter, Eq. (53); Krier-T'ien-Sirignano-Summerfield transient flame mode nondimensional parameter, Eq. (54) As = nondimensional function, Eq. (6) a = nondimensional function defined by Eq. (13) ax = average volumetric absorption coefficient, cm"1


A new visual illusion is presented. When two neon-coloured illusory bands overlap each other, the filling-in at the region of overlap is perceived as different from those of the overlapping bands, resulting in an additional illusory shape at the region of overlap. An experiment with ten na|« ve participants was performed to measure the illusory percept. The results show that illusory surfaces may interact with each other, and, to a certain extent, create new illusory percepts. DOI:10.1068/p3118


This bachelor thesis deals with transport infrastructure at the Přerov Bochoř airport. The theoretical part describes the goals and methods used in this bachelor thesis, the terms related to transport and theoretical concepts of the impact of transport infrastructure on regional development. The practical part analyzes the current state of transport infrastructure in Přerov, Bochoř as well as the Přerov Bochoř airport. Suggestion about how to improve the transport infrastructure are made based on the gathered information.


We investigate the effects of the quadrupole moment of rapidly rotating neutron stars (NSs) on the motion of the accretion disks. The geometry outside rapidly rotating NSs does not agree with that of Kerr black holes, so that we must correctly take into account the quadrupole moment (and the higher multipole moments) of NS, which depends on their equation of state. We show that the magnitude of the quadrupole dependent term appearing in several orbital frequencies is comparable to that of the spin-orbit (SO) coupling term for orbits near the surface of rapidly rotating NSs, and effects of the quadrupole moment largely suppress the SO coupling effect. Observations of the low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) with the Rossi X-ray


The regulation of bacterial metabolic activity by viruses and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was examined using natural microbial communities in three treatments (active viruses, inactive viruses, and virus free) at two contrasting coastal sites (pristine vs. eutrophic) with substantial differences in environmental conditions during the wet and dry seasons. Our results showed that net growth rates and production of bacterioplankton were reduced primarily by viruses via repressing metabolically active bacteria with high nucleic acid (HNA) content which had a high capacity for incorporating carbon, while bacterial respiration was primarily regulated by DOC lability. The quality of organic matter played a more important role in regulating bacterial growth efficiency (BGE) than the supply of organic matter in eutrophic coastal waters. The lack of HMW‐DOC and high carbon demand in the virus‐free treatment resulted in a significant increase in cell‐specific bacterial respiration, which was responsible for the lowest bacterial growth efficiency among the three treatments. The presence of viruses did not necessarily lower bacterial growth efficiency since virus‐induced mortality alleviated bacterial carbon demand and enhanced carbon cycling. Virus‐induced mortality was greater in relatively pristine waters than eutrophic waters, likely since the high supply of substrates alleviated the pressure of viral infection, through extracellular proteases produced by bacteria, which might result in the hydrolytic destruction or modification of viral capsids. An important implication of our results was that the input of riverine DOC and nutrients improved bacterial metabolic activity by alleviating virus‐induced mortality of bacteria in estuarine and coastal waters.


We present an alternative Corrector-ADC design for GMT. The design consists of just 3 silica lenses, of maximum size 1.51m, and includes only a single low-precision asphere for 20' field-of-view, and none for 10'. The polychromatic (360nm-1300nm) image quality is d80<0.043" at zenith and d80<0.20" for ZD<60 degrees. The monochromatic image quality is d80<0.1" everywhere, and typically ~0.05". The ADC action is achieved by tilt and translation of all three lenses; L1 and L2 via simple slide mechanisms each using a single encoded actuator, and L3 via a novel 'tracker-ball' support and three actuators. There is also a small motion of M2 via the hexapod, automatically generated by the AGWS system. The ADC action causes a small non-telecentricity, but this is much less than the unavoidable chromatic effects shared with the baseline design. The ADC action also changes the distortion pattern of the telescope, but this can be used positively, to reduce the maximum image motion due to differential refraction by a factor of three. The transmission is superb at all wavelengths, because of the reduced number of air/glass surfaces, and the use only of fused silica.


This work shows the trustworthy and malleable home automation system using Internet of Things and Arduino. This system uses IP connectivity through WiFi for controlling the devices by the ratified users. This system uses internet of things rather than using server to operate the domestic appliances like fan, light, etc., This system can also be used for the industrial automation. Here, by using this system, the user operates any of the appliances in the home using voice control or smart phone. To determine the efficacy and viability of this system, this home automation system uses Arduino UNO and esp8266-01 as a connectivity element. This helps the user to operate the domestic appliances. This system also gets signals from the appliances, stating the status of the same remotely. This system has been tested for its efficacy on various environmental conditions. This home automation system offers great perceptions to the challenges of software and hardware schemes.


A chiral stationary phase HPLC column has been used both to separate the enantiomers of a γ-lactol and also to observe the rate of enantiomerization of the individual enantiomers; the rate of enantiomerization differed for both enantiomers in the presence of the chiral stationary phase.


Background: The new guidelines pertaining to data protection brought in by the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) act 2018 have posed a significant challenge to clinical researchers. Our aim was to assess the perspective of doctors and patients as to how their personal data is now being processed and the implications of GDPR 2018. Methods: Doctors at Galway University Hospital (GUH) and patients attending surgical outpatient clinics were invited to complete an 11-part questionnaire assessing their knowledge of data protection and attitude towards data control in clinical research. Results: A total of 111 questionnaires were completed (68 patients, 43 doctors). 30% of all responders had previously allowed their data to be used in clinical research, and 73% were aware of changes in data protection brought in by GDPR. 70% believe consent should be explicitly obtained prior to using clinical data for research while 45% believe consent should be re-obtained for said anonymized data to be used in a different project. 87% would allow their data to be used in an international collaboration. Doctors were more likely to be aware of GDPR 2018 compared to patients (86 vs. 64%, P=0.011) and less likely to believe initial and secondary consent should be obtained for anonymized data to be used (49% vs. 83%, P<0.001 and 28% vs. 67%, P=0.002 respectively). Conclusions: Efforts to educate all stakeholders on current data protection laws should be made to enable robust clinical research to be performed in the era of evidencebased medicine


In this paper,on the basis of collecting a large number of net primary productivity of forest to GIS technology as a means,using the integrated GIS software Arcview which developed by the U.S.Environmental Systems Research Institute(ESRI),completed the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region GIS forest net primary productivity Spatial Database.The database includes vector database and attribute database in two parts.This database is more comprehensive and systematic studying of forest net primary productivity reflects the basic information for further net productivity of forests to conduct inquiries to establish the system to provide basic information.


Indoor networking applications requiring only low duty cycles and low data rates offer unique opportunities for drastic reductions in power consumption, leading to extended battery lifetimes and at the same time delivering robustness. A main distinction can be made between applications requiring both a transmitter and a receiver in the wireless devices, and applications in which a transmitter, that communicates with a residential gateway, suffices. The goal of this thesis lies in partially finding a solution for the wireless transmitter of the latter category, both on system level as on circuit level and under the assumption that the residential gateway has nearly-unlimited processing power, as it can be plugged into the light net. To this end, relevant system level parameters are selected and their values are chosen for low power consumption, low cost and small size. Parameters include operating frequency, where the 915MHz and the 2.4GHz bands are shown to be valid choices from a low cost angle, and data rate, for which it is demonstrated that a few kb/s is enough to assure that the total average power consumption is not dominated by the power dissipated in the circuits. Furthermore, spread spectrum is argued to be a valuable choice for combatting interferences and multipath fading, and also provides solutions for multiple access requirements of the network. Among spread spectrum techniques, the two most important ones, direct sequence spread spectrum and frequency hopping, are compared theoretically and by system simulations. These simulations, comparing their respective and most common modulation schemes, their behavior in the presence of interferences and the response to near-far issues, point in the direction of slow frequency hopping using frequency shift keying. After setting the most important system level parameters, an architecture is proposed that, aiming for low complexity, includes building blocks that are minimally required in nearly every architecture, namely a voltage controlled oscillator and a power amplifier. In this architecture, a high accuracy, bulky, frequency reference can be avoided using an algorithm that compensates for the frequency offset. Finally, as part of the first demonstrator, a voltage controlled oscillator is designed at 1.83GHz (which is, to avoid oscillator pulling, divided by two afterwards to work in the 915MHz band). Among other reasons, because a silicon-on-anything technology is available that offers high quality passive components, this oscillator is a popular, fully integrated, differential LC oscillator. Band switching and varactor tuning are compared for coarse tuning, pointing towards varactor tuning. Additionally, two different biasing methods are introduced, biasing using an ac cross-coupled pair and biasing using a current mirror. These biasing methods are compared by their phase noise performance and current requirements during simulations, leading to the ac cross-coupled pair. The resulting voltage controlled oscillator is coarsely tunable over 200MHz and can be fine tuned over 20MHz. Phase noise is -111.2dBc/Hz at 450kHz and tail current is 240p,A. All specifications for the transmitter-only frequency hopping front-end are met by this design.


These phenotypes were linked to adenosine transport and could be rescued, in part, by reduced multidrug transporter MRP4/ABCC4 function. The effects of adenosine were first described as a physiological stimulus that regulates cardiac rhythm.2 Since that study, adenosines have been implicated in the regulation of multiple biological processes. Adenosine transporters can be divided into equilibrative (SLC29) and concentrative (SLC28) transporters. The ENT family of equilibrative transporters uses membrane adenosine concentration gradients as the driving force for influx or efflux. In addition to naturallyoccurring nucleosides, nucleotide analogs, such as cytosine arabinoside (ara-C), are substrates. Once intracellular, adenosine metabolism maintains and regulates pivotal biosynthesis pathways, including synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), and nucleotides for DNA/RNA synthesis. In addition, through actions of adenosine kinase and S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase (SAHH), adenosine regulates S-adenosyl methionine (SAM)‐dependent transmethylation reactions, linking adenosine to epigenetic transcriptional regulation.3 Importantly, adenosine metabolites also provide substrates for an array of other transporters. For instance, efflux of cAMP is mediated by MRP4/ABCC4. Mikdar et al provide evidence that MRP4/ABCC4 fluxes are linked to ENT1 adenosine influx. Taken together, a picture emerges where adenosine/ nucleoside transport and metabolism integrate into a large network of biosynthesis pathways, thereby regulating a myriad of biological processes (see figure). Thus, it is not surprising that mutations in such transporters lead to pathology. Mutations in mitochondrial-localized ENT3 lead to familial histiocytosis syndrome,4 whereas ENT1 mutations can result in resistance to chemotherapy (eg, ara-C5) or altered binding affinities to specific therapeutics.6 In addition to this, there is considerable interest in the effects of drugs that target these transporters.


A computer-controlled system for measuring the random telegraph noise in small-area MOSFETs is described. The key element is a specially designed current amplifier that employs a feedback technique to separate the fluctuating and DC parts of the drain current. Techniques for automatic extraction of the fluctuation amplitude and time constants from the raw data are also discussed. >


A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of master of Arts in Gender Studies of Makerere University


INTRODUCTION Endogenous parathyroid hormone (PTH) is the primary regulator of calcium and phosphate homeostasis. In times of low calcium, PTH stimulates osteoclastic resorption of bone, liberating calcium from the skeleton. Exogenous administration of intermittent PTH has considerably different effects. It has been shown in pre-clinical and clinical models to have potent anabolic effects on bone remodeling. Numerous pre-clinical studies have demonstrated that intermittent, low dose PTH administration can enhance fracture healing in an animal model. Holzer, et al. found enhanced callous formation and fracture healing in a rat model. Further studies found that systemic administration of PTH enhanced fracture healing by increasing bone mineral content, density, and strength. Similar results have been found in multiple studies using spinal fusion as a model as well. The mechanism of enhanced fracture healing via intermittent PTH has been studied as well. Nakajima, et al. found increased levels of type I collagen, osteonectin, and osteocalcin in a fracture model treated with intermittent PTH compared to controls. In addition, intermittent PTH administration has been found to increase chondrocyte recruitment and maturation early during fracture healing as well as an increase in Wnt signaling. Despite the success of exogenous PTH on fracture healing and spine fusion, there have been few studies that have examined the role of PTH on cartilage formation. Kudo, et al. found that continuous PTH administration inhibited the healing of full thickness chondral defects in a rabbit microfracture model. The authors found that application of PTH did not interfere with proliferation but did inhibit chondrogenic differentiation of cells within the repair cavity. Subsequent studies have found that cells that migrated into the defect lose their ability to express PTH/PTHrP receptor and thus are unable to undergo differentiation. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of short term administration of intermittent PTH on cartilage formation in a well described rabbit microfracture model. We hypothesized that, based on the fact that intermittent PTH administration enhances fracture healing via increased chondrogenesis in a fracture healing model, it would increase the cartilage formation in a rabbit microfracture model.


Objective: To investigate the effect of Zhuanggu Granula could on proliferation of new vessels of rabbit radial fracture. Method: Forty two mature New Zealand rabbits, with 3mm bone defects were made in the middle of left radial of each rabbit as fracture model were randomly assigned to 3 group, Zhuanggu Granula group, Shangke jiegu tablet group and Saline group. Administration began on the first day after surgery. X-ray imaging was performed at the end of the 4th, 6th, 8th week; Pathology examinations were performed at the end of the 4th, 8th week. Result:Semi-quantitative analysis of X-ray imaging showed callus formation were much earlier in Zhuanggu Granula group than that in Shangke jiegu tablet group and Saline group(p0.05). Collagen Ⅰexpressions in Zhuanggu Granula group increased more significantly then that in Shangke jiegu tablet group and Saline group (p0.05); Zhuanggu Granula group formed more vessels then that in Shangke jiegu tablet group and Saline group. Conclusion: Zhuanggu Granula can accelerate callus formation and proliferation of new vessels of rabbit radial fracture.


Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) are facing everyday the hard competition of global markets and higher requirements of the customers. For coping with these changing conditions many large enterprises imple- ment a Lean Production System (LPS). An LPS offers a holistic strategy to eliminate waste in processes, to achieve high product and process quality, and to reduce lead times. The structure of an LPS is described by hierarchical con- nections of different elements and is configured in four levels: the goals, the sub-goals, the methods, and tools (Dombrowski et al. ZWF Zeitschrift fur wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb 101:113-118, 2006). While large enterprises are able to provide necessary resources and experts' know- how to configure and implement an LPS, SMEs lack these essential resources for organizational, technological, and workforce-related changes. Due to the complexity of the structure of an LPS, SMEs have in practice a small opportunity to configure a suitable structure and often fail in selecting and evaluating the most adequate methods and tools to be used. In this regard, the paper presents a framework to support an adaptive configuration of an LPS in SMEs which has been partly developed in the research project ProfiL in close cooperation with six SMEs.


In this paper, we develop a generalized affine model to characterize correlated credit risk of multi-firms. When valuing credit derivatives, this new approach allows to incorporate correlative market and credit risk, interdependent default risk structure and counterparty risk into consideration. We have demonstrated our affine model not only combines the existing structural models and intensity based models, but also produces explicit formulas for the prices of credit default swaps and other credit derivatives.


Objective Analyses the causes of postmenopausal bleeding and discuss of the countermeasures.Methods The clinical data of 96 postmenopausal bleeding.Results Postmenopausal bleeding was caused by malignant tumor in 17 of 96 causes(17.70%);The percentage of malignant tumor kepi ring alohg with the menopause lengthening.Conclusion Among the postmenopausal bleeding woman's age,therefore use essential axamination means,treat it actively and take precaution against malignancy.Try to live up to find it early and treat early.


Embedded redundant array of independent drives (eRAID) architecture was proposed for a high-capacity solid-state drive (SSD) controller, which applies an embedded redundant array of independent drives (RAID) engine to drive and manage an array of independent embedded multimedia card (eMMC) modules. However, the performance of its random access was limited by the eMMC's uncontrollable timing during data stripping among the eMMC channels. This brief solves this issue using the nonvolatile memory express (NVMe) engine embedded in the controller and a reorganized buffer stripping mechanism. An SSD controller with peripheral component interconnect express (PCIe) Gen $3^{\ast} 4$ Lane interface was designed to verify the capacity and performance, and it was manufactured into a silicon integrated circuit (IC) using a 55-nm semiconductor process. This architecture provides a prospective way to eliminate external dynamic random access memory (DRAM) buffers while maintaining a high random access speed.


The legal rules concerning the veracity of witnesses in civil and criminal proceedings, as enacted in section 37 of the Evidence Act 2006, are examined. Section 37 is contrasted with the common law regime, and three major evidential categories in the common law regime, likely to be altered by it are discussed.


Some previous studies have suggested that competition regimes can destroy shareholder value. This study examines data on 50 mergers in the UK between 1989 and 2002. The study confirms the finding from earlier studies of greater gains to shareholders in target than bidding companies, but does not find evidence supporting overall loss of shareholder value to target company shareholders when a merger is prohibited. It finds evidence that when the regulatory regime is stable and well understood the capital market behaves efficiently in response to new information. However, for a subgroup of the mergers involving companies with a new regulatory regime, where the industry and the stock market had little or no experience with respect to mergers, the capital market operated less efficiently.


The current study examined the prevalence of ethnic incongruence in three school psychological services: assessment, consultation, and counseling; the prevalence of diversity training among school psychologists; and practitioners' attitudes about their training experiences. A mail survey was sent to a random sample of 500 school psychologists drawn from the 1999 membership roster of the National Association of School Psychologists (NASP). Ethnic incongruence, defined as ethnic differences between a professional and a client, was commonly reported for assessment, consultation, and counseling cases. Diversity training was reported by 90.7% of participating school psychologists in the form of graduate coursework, internship experiences, or continuing education. Though most respondents rated their training experiences positively, improvements were suggested. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 42: 419–432, 2005.


This book identifies and engages with an analysis of racism in the Caribbean region, providing an empirically-based theoretical re-framing of both the racialisation of the globe and evaluation of the prospects for anti-racism and the post-racial.


A carbon dioxide gas after the expansion balloon, the guide pin embedded surgically placed subcutaneously, subcutaneous tunnel leads from the catheter outer sheath, the expansion of the air sac is replaced with carbon dioxide gas, through the connecting line, automatic pressure regulating valve connected to carbon dioxide gas cylinder setting a desired pressure in the automatic pressure regulating valve door opening and closing, the valve automatically opened by the spring action, by the action of closing cylinder, a carbon dioxide gas by the expander to compensate the loss of diffusion through the valve when the pressure rises automatically expanded when the balloon pressure is reduced, maintained constant gas pressure expansion balloon dilation, thus pushing outwardly skin and subcutaneous tissue, it proliferative expansion.


The hydroxyl radical may attack the new cytosine derivative 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmCyt) causing DNA oxidative damage, but the study of the related mechanism is still in its infancy. In the present work, two distinct mechanisms have been explored by means of the CBS-QB3 and CBS-QB3/PCM methods, the addition of ˙OH to the nucleophilic C5 (R1) and C6 (R2) atoms and H-abstraction from the N4 (R3 and R4), C7 (R5 and R6), C6 (R7) and O3 (R8) atoms of 5-hmCyt, respectively. The solvent effects of water do not significantly alter the energetics of the addition and abstraction paths compared to those in the gas phase. The ˙OH addition to the C5 and C6 sites of 5-hmCyt is energetically more favorable than to the N3, C4 or O2 sites, and the ΔGs‡ value of the C5 channel is a little lower than that of the C6 route, indicating some amount of regioselectivity, which is in agreement with the conclusions of ˙OH-mediated cytosine reactions reported experimentally and theoretically. The H5 and H6 abstraction reactions are more favorable than other abstractions, which have almost the same energy barriers as those of ˙OH addition to the C5 and C6 sites. Moreover, the energies of the H5 and H6 dehydrogenation products, which formed benzyl-radical-like complexes, are about 62–101 kJ mol−1 higher than those of the adduct radicals, indicating that the H5 and H6 abstractions have a relatively high probability of happening. Accordingly, the proportions of the H5 and H6 dehydrogenation products are large and may be detectable experimentally. These findings hint that the new DNA base (5-hmCyt) is easily damaged when exposed to the surroundings of a hydroxyl radicals environment. Therefore the reduction of free radical production or the addition of some antioxidants should be done in mammalian brain tissues to resist DNA damage. Our results provide some evidence between 5-hmCyt and tumor development for experimental scientists.


Abstract. We discussed the peculiarities of three structural projects. The El Ferdan swing bridge over the Suez Canal, the longest in the world, required the optimization of structural weight and deflection, pursed with genetic algorithms. The Museum of the Future in Dubai, is supported by a single-layer steel gridshell following a pseudo-toroidal double-curvature surface, which required the optimization of a great number of diagrid nodes, parametrically designed with a custom tool. The competition-winner project for the new Stadio Milano follows the vision of a Gothic Cathedral with slender buttresses, tall multi-storey arched frames, all covered by a first-class cable-supported glazed facade, which fulfils the clean "glass-box" architectural intent. Although very sophisticated calculation tools are available, these experiences suggest that the human contribution of the structural engineer is still, at least for now, of paramount importance.


We estimate the linear isoperimetric constants of an n-dimensional ellipse. Using these estimates and a technique of Gromov, we estimate the Hopf and linking invariants of Lipschitz maps from ellipses to round spheres. Using these estimates, we give a lower bound for the k-dilation of degree non-zero maps between ellipses.


Biometrics In conjunction with the new development of the Internet of Things (IoT), augmented reality (AR) systems are evolving to visualize 3D virtual models of the real world into an intelligent and interactive virtual reality environment that facilitates physical identification of objects and defines their specifications efficiently. The integration between AR and IoT in a complementary way helps identify network-related items' specifications and interact with the Internet of Things more efficiently. An identity is a dedicated, publicly known attribute or set of names for an individual device. Typically, identifiers operate within a specific area or network, making it difficult to identify things globally. This paper explores the use of Augmented Reality (AR) Technology for identifying devices and displaying relevant information about the device to the user. Based on the developed model network, the developed system of identification of IoT devices was tested. Also, the traffic generated by the AR device when generating requests to the organization server was investigated. According to the test results, the system is undemanding to the main network indicators. The system-generated traffic is self-similar. The test results show that the server software can solve the problems of identifying IoT devices through interaction with augmented reality devices.


Postcard dated 28 June 1939, to T. J. Hickey from T. A. Moran, giving train times and arranging a meeting.


T HE OPTIC NEURITIS TREATMENT TRIAL (ONTT)hashadahighly significant impact on thepracticesofophthalmologyandneurology. The impact can be attributed to its systematic collection and analysis of enormousamountsofdata,adherencetosoundclinicaltrialmethodology, as well as important unanticipated findings. For lack of a more precise definition, optic neuritis is an acute, noninfectious inflammatory optic neuropathy that predominantly affects young people. By the end of the 19th century, the clinical profile of this disorder and its relationship to multiple sclerosis (MS) were well characterized. In the subsequent 100 years, numerous reports identifying erroneous etiologies and seemingly successful


We present a comprehensive study on the extraction of CFT data using tensor network methods, specially, from the fixed-point tensor of the linearized tensor renormalization group (lTRG) for the 2D classical Ising model near the critical temperature. Utilizing two different methods, we extract operator scaling dimensions and operator-product-expansion (OPE) coefficients by introducing defects on the lattice and by employing the fixed-point tensor. We also explore the effects of point-like defects in the lattice on the coarse-graining process. We find that there is a correspondence between coarse-grained defect tensors and conformal states obtained from lTRG fixed-point equation. We also analyze the capabilities and limitations of our proposed coarse-graining scheme for tensor networks with point-like defects, which includes graph independent local truncation (GILT) and higher-order tensor renormalization group (HOTRG). Our results provide a better understanding of the capacity and limitations of the tenor renormalization group scheme in coarse-graining defect tensors, and we show that GILT+HOTRG can be used to give accurate two- and four-point functions under specific conditions. We also find that employing the minimal canonical form further improves the stability of the RG flow.


The invention discloses a method for breeding and culturing a new variety of mulberry. The variety is obtained by crossing mulberry No.C5801 and mulberry No.CL and postnatal field management and targeted culture. The variety has the characteristic that any point bud from base part of a branch can sprout and grown into a twig normally after being grafted onto any position of the lower part of a mulberry plant and has high fruit yield.


The collections of the Harvard Art Museums and the HarvardYenching Library include countless treasures of East and Inner Asian art. Many of these works were collected on behalf of the Harvard-Yenching Institute, which publishes the Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies. Hereafter, we will use HJAS's cover to showcase pieces from these remarkable collections. This issue's cover features a print by Yashima Gakutei 八島岳亭 (ca. 1786–1868) of the Monkey King from Journey to the West 西遊記. Gakutei was a writer, surimono 摺物 (woodblock-print) artist, and kyōka 狂歌 (comic-verse) poet. In 1835, he published a partial Japanese translation of Journey to the West with his own and other prominent artists' illustrations. The Katsushikaren 葛飾連, a kyōka circle with which Gakutei was closely affiliated, appears to have issued this print to commemorate New Year's 1824, the year of the monkey. As was typical for suri mono, it features kyōka, in this case by Ōbokuen Yoshiharu 桜木 園吉治 (dates unknown) and the circle's leader, Bunbunsha Kanikomaru 文々舎蟹子丸 (1787–1837). Both poems link the "sutrareading monkey" (kyō yomu saru 経よむさる) to the New Year. The print reminds us that people throughout premodern East Asia knew, loved, and fully domesticated Journey to the West and other classics of Chinese literature. HJAS thanks the Harvard Art Museums for their kind permission to reproduce the image. The Journal also sincerely thanks John Carpenter, the Mary Griggs Burke Curator of Japanese Art at the Metro politan Museum of Art, for his guidance regarding the print.


The article presents the results of studies on the systematic application of organic and mineral fertilisers on the fertility of grey forest soil and the formation of corn yield. It was determined that in the five-field crop rotation during the cultivation of crops, the formation of soil backgrounds with different physicochemical properties took place. Application of litter manure (direct action) at a dose of 60 t/ha against the background of moderate fertiliser rates (N40-80R30-60K40-80) contributed to the neutralisation of the soil solution to the values of a slightly acidic reaction (pHsal -5.2-5.3 units), while in the absence of manure (mineral fertiliser system), the pHsal remained within the range of medium acidic reaction. The most effective in terms of humus soil condition was the organic-mineral fertiliser system (12 t/ha of manure + N80P60K80) and organic (12 t/ha of manure per 1 ha of crop rotation area), respectively, the total humus content was 1.35 and 1.37% or in percentage terms 25-27% higher compared to the control (without fertilisers) – 1.08 t/ha. Optimisation of nutrient regime indicators (hydrolysed nitrogen, mobile forms of phosphorus and potassium) of the soil at the end of the rotation was provided by the organo-mineral fertiliser system (N100P60K100 against 60 t/ha of manure). The highest productivity of corn per grain (9.49 t/ha) was provided by the organic-mineral fertiliser system (60 t/ha of manure + N100P60K100), which is 86% higher than the control variant (without fertilisers), under such conditions the highest yield of crude protein was obtained – 0.98 t/ha

https://agriculturalscience.com.ua/web/uploads/pdf/Plant and Soil Science_12(3)_2021_76-84.pdf


Introduction: Infective Endocarditis (IE) is a serious complication in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). This study reviews the characteristics of patients with IE and CHD presenting to...


Belt-positioning booster vehicle safety for pregnant women and people with abdominal problems that acts on the belt diagonally and the belt lap, coupled to the user, easy to insert and remove, which prevents incorrect positioning of the belt could cause damage to the user In case of an accident.


The fabrication of circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) active materials by self‐assembly is still in its challenge. In this work, a family of homochiral metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and metal–organic cages (MOCs) are constructed by solvothermal subcomponent self‐assembly. These MOFs feature an eta topology with trifold helical chains, while the MOCs adopt a cubic cage structure. The chiral ligands show two distinct types of conformations: "opened" and "closed" in MOFs and MOCs, respectively. Although homochiral MOFs and MOCs show similar spectra of circular dichroism and photoluminescence with similar quantum yields and lifetimes, the MOFs yield clear CPL signals and the CPL of MOCs are silent. The turn‐on CPL in MOFs achieved by tuning the conformation of ligands and controlling self‐assembly provides a new approach for development of CPL‐active MOF materials.


Developing accurate, efficient, and robust closure models is essential in the construction of reduced order models (ROMs) for realistic nonlinear systems, which generally require drastic ROM mode truncations. We propose a deep residual neural network (ResNet) closure learning framework for ROMs of nonlinear systems. The novel ResNet-ROM framework consists of two steps: (i) In the first step, we use ROM projection to filter the given nonlinear system and construct a spatially filtered ROM. This filtered ROM is low-dimensional, but is not closed. (ii) In the second step, we use ResNet to close the filtered ROM, i.e., to model the interaction between the resolved and unresolved ROM modes. We emphasize that in the new ResNet-ROM framework, data is used only to complement classical physical modeling (i.e., only in the closure modeling component), not to completely replace it. We also note that the new ResNet-ROM is built on general ideas of spatial filtering and deep learning and is independent of (restrictive) phenomenological arguments, e.g., of eddy viscosity type. The numerical experiments for the 1D Burgers equation show that the ResNet-ROM is significantly more accurate than the standard projection ROM. The new ResNet-ROM is also more accurate and significantly more efficient than other modern ROM closure models.


The results of investigation of general determinants of the private entrepreneurial activities under transitional economy conditions are presented in this paper. The research was done in the Timok area, including Bor and Zaje ar regions in Eastern Serbia, at the borders with Romania and Bulgaria. The data obtained show that investing or borrowing one's own money, together with possesing the necessary knowledge, gives satisfactory results. Nevertheless, these results in private  rms are rather modest and indicate to the need of private entrepreneur net formation in order to facilitate the possibility of necessary innovations involvement, which can only enable survival, growth and developement of the small  rms.


On its 30th anniversary, public acceptance of Head Start is high, yet understanding of its goals is low, and evaluation research is limited in quality and scope. In this book, a roundtable of representatives from government, universities, medicine, and family support agencies identifies a set of research possibilities to generate a broader understanding of the effects of Head Start on families and children. Among the important issues discussed are the ethnic and linguistic diversity of Head Start families, the social conditions of the community context, and the implications of the changing economic landscape for both families and Head Start itself.


The dictionary defines a gazetteer as a '"geographical index". But gazetteers in India have added a new dimension to the import of the word. The story of the gazetteer in India, whether of a district, a state or of the country, is the story of the area and its people, the past and the present and provides an intelligent outline for the future. What follows is a detailing of this story. But first what is the concern of a gazetteer? A District gazetteer should describe all that is worth knowing about the district. It should be an autho ritative reference book for the administrator, the traveller who has a little more than a fleeting interest in the country, the public servant, the social worker, the scholar and also the man on the street. The physiography, including geology, flora, fauna and climate and the changes in the district as an administrative unit, if any, should be discussed. Historical references should be objective and based on the most recent historical research with due importance given to matters relating to economic, social, political and cul tural life. The account of the people should trace the population trends through the different decades, their impact and manifestations, with concise but reliable coverage of the principal communities, religious creeds, languages and dialects, castes and tribes. The social structure, with reference to reli gious and social customs and manners, new reform movements, changing life-style, the economic and professional groupings, literacy and education, etc., will also have to be examined. Other chapters should cover agriculture, irrigation, fisheries, animal husbandry, mineral prospects, banking, trade and commerce, communications and local self-government. This factual treatment should embody the latest statistics. The gazetteer cannot overlook the general and revenue administration, law, order and justice, and the administrative history of the district. The Editor will have to show how the concept of administration has been chang ing over time. The district's particular contribution to the freedom struggle, political parties, elections and their impact on the district have to be care fully described in an objective manner, without any hyperbole. Names of personalities, living or dead, have to be avoided as far as possible unless a


Particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) is one of the methods that measure flow velocity fields. This paper proposes a new method that solves the correspondence problem of particle tracking velocimetry using Physarum Polycephalum Algor i thm (PPA) that is inspired by co-operative food retrieval in ants. PTV offers many advantages for the study of f luid flows. PTV is formulated as a combinational optimization problem. Then several PTV algorithms have been proposed which includes algorithms like simulated annealing, genetic algorithms and artif icial networks. PPA is a new search metaphor for solving combinational optimization problems. The proposed technique using PPA is applied to the PIV standard images distr ibuted through the web site (httpV/www.vsj.or.jp/piv). The simulat ion results demonstrate the effectiveness of the present technique.


Seen in a historic perspective, the railways are currently experiencing a unique epoch of new start-ups. Transporting freight by rail is going to be the growth segment for several years to come. Combining strategic growth with comprehensive quality assurance is no easy undertaking, as is illustrated by the case study of the Mittelweserbahn [MWB] discussed in this article.


Background: The risk of developing pulmonary embolism (PE) is high in patients infected with COVID-19, and its diagnosis is a severe challenge for healthcare professionals duringthe COVID-19 pandemic. Physicians are frequently usingcomputed tomography pulmonary angiography(CTPA), d-dimer, and well score for the diagnosis of PE. Methods: A retrospective study was used in which we investigated the reliability of clinical well scores by collecting data, such as medical records in registered form (serum D-dimer level and Wells scores) of every patient for whom physicians have requested whose CTPA with suspicion of PE at King Faisal Medical Center (KFMC) from the period from 1st of April to the 1st of October. Results: The study results showed significantly higher values of d-dimer in patients with positive PEcompared to those with negative values. In addition wells score is not a reliable preclinical score in diagnosis PE in COVID 19 patient. Conclusions: As per the results of the well score, there is no significant difference between vulnerable people with PE +ve and -ve.


This investigation assessed the effectiveness of an adolescent substance abuse treatment program that incorporated "Rites of Passage." Named Gender Based Treatment (GBT), the treatment program sought to address adolescent developmental needs through the use of rituals, myth and story telling, and initiation most subjects. It is speculated that an interaction effect between the traditional form of treatment and the new GBT positively influenced subjects' abstinence and relapse rate, illegal behavior, self-esteem and coping behaviors.


Highlights • This paper focuses on interaction between methyl red and cetylpyridinium chloride. • Critical micelle concentration of cetylpyridinium chloride determined in presence of methyl red. • 0.1 to 0.4 volume fractions of CH 3 OH provided precise measure of the methyl red spectrum. Abstract The interaction between methyl red (azo dye) and cetylpyridinium chloride (cationic surfactant) in the methanol-water system were studied using a spectrophotometric technique. Variable parameters like constant dye concentration and its structure, surfactant concentration, pH, absorbance, and solvent composition were studied. Using the UV-Vis technique, critical micelle concentrations (CMCs) of cetylpyridinium chloride were measured with methyl red. The spectral data were analyzed and determined the differential absorbance, binding and partition constants, partition coefficient, the Gibbs free energy of binding and partition in mixed solvent media (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 volume fraction (v.f.)s of methanol, respectively).


Language teaching methodologies differ among themselves regarding the use of the learner's mother tongue in the EFL classes. The proponents of the communicative language teaching approach support judicious use of it while the monolingual approaches don't. This study makes an investigation into the mother tongue preference in the EFL classes from the perspective of the students as well as the teachers at the secondary level in Bangladesh. The study was conducted over 80 students and 16 teachers from 4 secondary schools during the period between October 2008 and December 2008 and data were collected through the help of some prepared questionnaires and direct interview. The study disclosed that the limited and considerate use of the learner's mother tongue by the learner as well as the teacher would significantly help the learner linguistically, extra-linguistically and psychologically by facilitating the learning process.


In pump/probe spectroscopy employing supercontinuum (SC) probe light (Pr), multi-wavelength information is provided at the same time. The SC probe generated by a photonic crystal fiber is advantageous owing to the broad spectrum and synchronized timings of the SC Pr pulse and pump pulse. However, SC light accompanies formidable wavelength dependent noise due to the various contributions of generation mechanisms. We previously developed two noise cancellation methodologies suitable for multiwavelength measurements with SC light, that is, phase detection noise cancellation (PDNC) and time division noise cancellation (TDNC), where the pulse timings for Pr and reference (Rf) are time-shifted and detected by a single photodiode (PD) after passing through the common optical system, providing an identical spectral dispersion to conserve the wavelength-dependent noise correlation. In PDNC, Pr and Rf are discriminated based on the pulse repetition phase, and the Pr is then divided by Rf, whereas in TDNC they are distinguished by the detection time, and Rf is subtracted from Pr. However, a shot noise limited performance with high-power input has yet to be realized. In this study, the deterioration mechanisms for PDNC and TDNC are investigated. The nonlinear effect of the photodetector was found to have a non-negligible impact on the phase noise and intensity noise correlation between Pr and Rf. Adequate decay of the photocurrent of Pr at the detection of the Rf optical pulse is effective for avoiding nonlinearity and maintaining the noise correlation of Pr and Rf for the best noise cancellation. Based on this fact, a near-shot-noise-limited performance is demonstrated by the TDNC, where the Rf optical pulse is incident on the PD after sufficient relaxation of the Pr photocurrent. In addition, the coincidence of the timing of Pr and Rf for the noise subtraction was found to be essential for wideband noise cancellation.


This article provides an overview of multiple equivalence presentations in "Polish-Russian Dictionary of Translation Pairs" ("Polsko-rosyjski słownik par przekładowych") edited by Wojciech Chlebda, which provides more than one Russian equivalent for a Polish lexical item. The uniqueness of the dictionary is in its arrangement that is re-product functioning as a dictionary entry, which determines its choice for analysis. "Re-product" is understood as a single-word or multi-word reproducible language item assigned to specific communicative situations. Such a broad definition allowed including a wide variety of items – from single words, through fixed phrases, proper names, titles of literary works and films, popular expressions, proverbs and sayings, scientific terms, linguistic etiquette formulas – into the lexicographical edition under analysis. In the course of the dictionary content multi-aspectual analysis it became evident that its input item arrangement is based on multiple equivalence; moreover, the dictionary provides meticulously selected equivalents, meeting at the same time the main conceptual requirement related to the use of the collected material for the purposes of teaching Russian. However, the analysis also revealed certain shortcomings to light, pointing to the need for a more precise gradation of equivalents and more accurate use of qualifiers, and requirement to provide some translation pairs with additional equivalents. In single cases, other (than those included in the dictionary) Russian equivalents were suggested.


Earlier this year, we published in the pages of this journal an at-a-distance assessment of the personalities of United States President George Bush and Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev, based on systematic content analysis of their speech and press conference transcripts (Winter et al., 1991). The data analyses were completed in July 1988 and March 1989, respectively; the paper itself was completed in June 1990. Since that time two crises-the invasion of Kuwait and the subsequent war in the Persian Gulf, and the increasing nationalistic unrest, military repression, and rising tide of conservatism in the Soviet Union-have focused the world's attention and transformed the domestic and international situations of each leader and his nation. Hence we feel it useful


Simple Summary Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is one of the most refractory malignancies with a high mortality rate. Among all the pathways involved in CCA development, emerging evidence highlights Hedgehog (HH) signaling as a substantial player in CCA-genesis and development. The pro-tumoral function of HH provides potential therapeutic implications, and recently the use of HH inhibitors has paved the way for clinical application in various solid tumors. Targeting HH members, namely Hedgehog ligands, SMO transmembrane protein and GLI transcription factors may thus confer therapeutic options for the improvement of CCA treatment outcome. Abstract Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a poorly treatable type of cancer and, along with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is the predominant type of primitive liver cancer in adults. The lack of understanding of CCA biology has slowed down the identification of novel targets and the development of effective treatments. While tumors share some general characteristics, detailed knowledge of specific features is essential for the development of effectively tailored therapeutic approaches. The Hedgehog (HH) signaling cascade regulates stemness biology, embryonal development, tissue homeostasis, and cell proliferation and differentiation. Its aberrant activation has been associated with a variety of solid and hematological human malignancies. Several HH-inhibiting compounds have been indeed developed as potential anticancer agents in different types of tumors, with Smoothened and GLI inhibitors showing the most promising results. Beside its well-established function in other tumors, findings regarding the HH signaling in CCA are still controversial. Here we will give an overview of the most important clinical and molecular features of cholangiocarcinoma, and we will discuss the available evidence of the crosstalk between the HH signaling pathway and the cholangiocarcinoma cell biology.


In order to maintain the instruments calibration state in the process of use, they shall be carried out the period inspection. From the point of view of practical lab work, this article explains the necessity and usual methods of the test work in lab in the period inspection.