Introduction: In India 18.5 million (1.8%) of the people are disabled. The main estimate for disabled persons in Puducherry has been by the National Sample Survey Organization (NSSO). This survey, though it gave the overall prevalence of disabilities and by type, did not capture the socio demographic profile of the people with disabilities. Further, a decade has passed since the survey. Have there been any changes in the prevalence of disabilities? Hence the present study was carried out to know the prevalence and pattern of locomotor disability and to bring more public health benefit to the disabled population. Aims and Objectives: 1. To study the prevalence of locomotor disability in rural Puducherry 2. To study the Pattern of locomotor disability. Subjects and Methods: The study was designed as a cross sectional survey of the selected population using a questionnaire developed for the purpose. The sampled population was enumerated by a house to house survey from March 2012 to February 2013. Disabilities were classified according to the WHO International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities, and Handicaps (1980) and information regarding pattern and causes of locomotor disability were obtained. Results: Totally 70 were found to be disabled giving an overall prevalence rate of 17 per 1000 population. Locomotor disabilities were the most common with a prevalence of 9.1per 1000 followed by visual and hearing disabilities (2.9 per 1000). Locomotor disability was significantly more among males when compared to females (p value < 0.5). The prevalence of locomotor disability was higher among illiterates (15.9 per 1000) .The leading cause of locomotor disability was congenital (18.9%) and residual palsy (18.9%). Conclusion: The rates found in this study were comparable to national figures. An important finding is the absence of disabilities in the younger age groups due to leprosy and polio reflecting on the impact of the respective programmes of elimination. However there is increase in the prevalence of stroke especially among the young, disabling arthritis, and road traffic accidents leading to disabilities.


FIELD: metallurgy. SUBSTANCE: in tape out of amorphous alloy based on iron, in which width is 220-1000 mm, thickness is 0.02-0.03 mm, transverse tolerance of thickness is below +/-0.002 mm, lamination factor is over 0.84, magnetic induction of saturation is over 1.5 T, losses in iron are below 0.20 W/kg under conditions when frequency is 50 Hz, and maximum magnetic induction is 1.3 T, and excitation power is below 0.50 VA/kg. Invention also relates to the method of manufacturing of the wide tape, and to the accepted method of quick cooling under single roller diagram, when width of the nozzle slot is 0.4-0.7 mm, transverse tolerance of the nozzle slot width is below +/-0.05 mm, the transverse tolerance for planeness of the cooling roller (4) is below 0.02 mm, and surface roughness Ra is below 0.0005 mm. EFFECT: improved manufacturing method. 11 cl, 5 dwg, 1 tbl


The debate on private property in the 1930s (by Antonio Jannarelli) - ABSTRACT: The Fascist policy to deal with the agrarian question provided, in the Third Decade of the XX Century, an urge to the private law scholarship to reconsider the contents of the right of ownership. On one side there were the legal experts that promoted the shaping of the property right to be oriented under a public policy goal and on the other side there were the scholars who, however accepting limitations by legislation to the powers of landlords defended the position of the property owner as active subject of an absolute relationship. The Art. 832 of 1942' s Civil Code substantially accepted the second thesis, if embodied in a very technical notion. No reference to the social function was declared. The Art. 42 of the Constitution, in a very different political and social context, finally introduced this provision; the rule of law has not allowed the judiciary or the public administration to limit the right of ownership by themselves but made legitimate and in some way mandatory a role of legislators to conform the property rights. The social function has represented, therefore, a new possibility, never fully achieved, to shape the inner structure of the terrible right.


Dissociation of CH3I and CF3I in RF discharge for use in oxygen-iodine lasers was studied experimentally. A discharge chamber was placed directly inside an iodine injector and produced I atoms were injected to the supersonic cavity. A dissociation fraction up to 20% was achieved at RF power up to 250 W and flow rates of iodide up to 1 mmol/s. The discharge efficiency was up to 11%. The modeling calculations showed that the dissociation fraction in the discharge could be higher than evaluated in the detection cavity due to the recombination of I atoms and/or presence of excited iodine atoms. The number density up to 2.5·10 cm of I atoms was measured in the supersonic flow.


In this paper according to the cracks in brick masonry structure, floor, blockwork and reinforced concrete structure the causes are analyzed and some corresponding technical measures are propose to realize the structural safety and serviceability of building.


An organization as large and active as AOA needs a structure somewhere between a fortress and a surfboard: there must be stability, order, and accountability on the one hand, and flexibility, responsiveness, and speed on the other. In the eight years that I have served on the AOA Board of Trustees, I've gained an appreciation for these often conflicting needs of AOA and for the structure of the organization. I think the average member of AOA would be interested in


Background: Hypobaric hypoxia refers to lower oxygen availability at high altitudes and is the cause of high altitude illness. Drugs such as acetazolamide and dexamethasone provide symptomatic relief and are associated with undesired side effects. Plant extracts such as Hypericum perforatum, which are documented to have neuromodulatory role can be more beneficial in ameliorating high altitude illness. Aims and Objective: Progressive cognitive decline is the hallmark characteristic of hypobaric hypoxia induced neuropathology attributed to ensuing oxidative stress and subsequent hippocampal damage. We have explored the efficacy of ethanolic extracts of Hypericum perforatum in amelioration of hypobaric hypoxia induced oxidative stress and associated behavioral deficits in mice.Material and Methods: Male Balb/c mice were exposed to simulated altitude of 25,000 ft. for 7 days (6 hr. per day) in a specially designed chamber. Ethanolic extract of Hypericum perforatum (HPE)(25mg/kg of body weight) was given orally prior to hypoxia exposure and effects were compared to hypoxia and control groups.Results: Animals exposed to hypobaric hypoxia showed sign of cognitive deterioration at day 3 and day 7 in the Elevated Plus Maze and Passive Avoidance Step through behavioral paradigms as compare to normoxic animals. Administration of HPE was able to alleviate the amnesic effect in treatment group, indicated by reduction in transfer latencies at day 3(IR-3 = -0.66±0.07) and day 7 IR-7 = -0.81±0.06) in elevated plus maze task and increased passive avoidance step through latency at day 3, (IR-3 = 3.23±0.67),as compared to ±hypoxic mice. Hypoxia group of animals suffered significant oxidative stress compared to normoxic mice as indicated by up-regulated malondialdehyde and total nitrite levels in hippocampal homogenates. The plasma lactate dehydrogenase activity was also increased following hypoxia indicating tissue damage. Co-treatment with HPE in simulated hypobaric hypoxia insult for seven days resulted in significant reduction in malondialdehyde, total nitrites and plasma LDH levels in animals.Conclusion: Hypericum perforatum extract improves cognitive performance in hypobaric hypoxia exposed mice with a concomitant reduction in oxidative stress burden suggesting its plausible use for preventing high altitude illness.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.9(2) 2018 1-8


In the chapters on school uniforms and social activism, Dwyer-McNulty discusses dress in the mid-twentieth century and how Catholic schools socially controlled female bodies. Uniforms were used to suppress concurrently status and sexuality. Nuns and women religious were charged with keeping young women modestly attired and did so through constant admonitions to control their bodies and ward off temptation.


Meletios A. Dimopoulos, MD, discussed the phase III Boston study examining a new combination therapy to treat patients with multiple myeloma who have received 1 to 3 prior therapies.


In this paper we present and discuss results of radio-echo sounding and modelling of ice thickness of the Djankuat Glacier. This glacier is the reference one for the Central Caucasus and was earlier studied comprehensively, but direct ice thickness measurements survey were not made so far. In 2012–2013, more than 20 km of ice-thickness measurement profiles were obtained using monopulse ground radar VIRL-6 with its central frequency of 20 MHz. Standard error of the ice-thickness measurement was 2.5%. Detailed maps of the ice-thickness and the bedrock topography based on these direct measurements were constructed for the first time. Its average ice-thickness is 31 m with the maximum of 105 m. Djankuat Glacier ice volume is 0.077±0.002 km 3 when Djantugan plateau is not taken into account. Ice thickness map was supplemented by results of the ice thickness modelling using the GlabTop model. It was shown that the model reproduces the ice thickness distribution correctly, and a special approach was developed to correct model parameters using ice thickness measurements. Further on, we plan to use corrected GlabTop model for estimation glaciations of the Caucasus as well as to carry out ground radar sounding of the Djantugan plateau.


Why do transgender activists so strongly reject the concept of autogynephilia, in which a man wants to be a woman because of an erotic attachment to the idea of himself as a woman? Shutting down scientific inquiry via political pressure impedes the objective advancement of science. Further, denying the validity of the autogynephilia theory can harm gender-dysphoric patients by denying them access to therapies that could help them overcome their specific problems.


This study examined teachers' perceptions of African American males' aggression and achievement and the need for special education services based on African American students' cultural movement styles (i.e., walking). The participants, 136 middle school teachers, viewed a videotape and completed a questionnaire. To study interaction effects between student ethnicity and student movement and teachers' ratings of student achievement, aggression, and need for special education, a completely randomized factorial analysis of variance was employed. The results indicated that the teachers perceived students with African American culture—related movement styles as lower in achievement, higher in aggression, and more likely to need special education services than students with standard movement styles. Implications for research are discussed.


A training course (PEPs) is described, which is designed to teach parents how to be effective direct instructors of, and advocates for, their developmentally disabled children. Long-term maintenance of post-course parent involvement suggests that the programme-centred and ecological nature of the course overcomes many problems associated with parental training. Successful application of effective instructional programmes also leads to longterm acceleration of children's gains in basic academic and language skills. Results from a group using a direct-instruction language programme are presented, plus some results of advocacy training. Parent training such as PEPs is seen as a means of redressing the current imbalance between consumers and service-deliverers in their influence on the quality and type of programmes offered for developmentally disabled children.


Bogies support high-speed train carriage, stabilize trains on both straight and curved track and improve ride quality by absorbing vibration and they play a vital role in the operation of high-speed trains. This paper addresses faults diagnosis of high-speed train bogies using singular spectrum analysis. A modified singular difference spectrum criterion is formulated to select a dimension of subspace l, and the useful signal of an original signal is reconstructed by l-dimensional subspace. A detection statistic is sum of squared Euclidean distances between lag vector of test matrix and the l-dimensional subspace of base matrix. Experimental results testify that the proposed approach not only detects the bogie failure, but also identifies the time instant of bogie failure.


We describe RAGE, the 'radiation adaptive grid Eulerian' radiation-hydrodynamics code, including its data structures, its parallelization strategy and performance, its hydrodynamic algorithm(s), its (gray) radiation diffusion algorithm, and some of the considerable amount of verification and validation efforts. The hydrodynamics is a basic Godunov solver, to which we have made significant improvements to increase the advection algorithm's robustness and to converge stiffnesses in the equation of state. Similarly, the radiation transport is a basic gray diffusion, but our treatment of the radiation?material coupling, wherein we converge nonlinearities in a novel manner to allow larger timesteps and more robust behavior, can be applied to any multi-group transport algorithm.


This chapter considers the problem of recursive composite hypothesis testing in a network of sparsely connected agents. In classical centralized composite hypothesis testing, procedures such as the generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT), i.e., the detection procedure which uses the underlying parameter estimate based on all the collected samples as a plug-in estimate, may exhibit poor performance until a reasonably accurate parameter estimate (typically the maximum likelihood estimate of the underlying parameter/state) is obtained. Usually in setups that employ the classical (centralized) GLRTs, the data-collection phase precedes the parameter estimation and detection statistic update phase, thus rendering the testing an essentially offline batch procedure. The motivation behind studying distributed recursive online detection algorithms in contrast to offline batch processing based detection algorithms is that in most multi-agent networked scenarios, which are typically energy constrained, the priority is to obtain reasonable inference performance by expending fewer amount of resources.


Several important trends have been changing intensive care units (ICUs) in the United States over the past several decades. The incidence of common critical illness syndromes such as severe sepsis and respiratory failure are increasing, and age is one of the most significant risk factors for these syndromes.1–4 Our ability to treat such syndromes and support critically ill patients has been improving, leading to improving survival. Additionally, the population in the US and other industrialized countries is aging.5 Because of these and other factors adults over age 64, who already account for more than half of ICU bed-days, constitute an ever-growing proportion of survivors of critical illness. While some ICU survivors may approach their pre-illness level of health and functional status, many others are burdened with persistent cognitive impairment, new and often permanent physical disability, and distressing psychological symptoms.6–9 For others, recovery is even further from complete; these patients require ongoing mechanical ventilation via tracheostomy or other intensive care therapies, entering a state increasingly described as chronic critical illness.10

The growing ranks of the chronically critically ill have contributed to the increasing numbers of long-term acute care hospitals, or LTACs, where ongoing inpatient care for these patient scan be delivered. The most common indication for LTAC admission is respiratory failure with little or slow progress toward resolution thus requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV), often defined as the need for mechanical ventilation for 3 or more weeks.11 LTAC stays for patients with PMV tend to be prolonged and costly, and such patients frequently experience multiple transitions between these hospitals, emergency departments, and acute care hospital ICUs.12 LTAC utilization has been increasing, with the number of annual admissions and the cost to Medicare nearly tripling between 1997 and 2006.13 This dramatic growth in utilization has taken place in the absence of much data regarding the effectiveness of LTAC care, as long-term patient-centered outcomes among patients requiring LTAC stays have been understudied. The literature that does exist suggests that long-term survival among patients requiring PMV is poor. One study of patients of all ages requiring PMV admitted to a large, urban LTAC over the course of a single year demonstrated that 77% of these patients had died within one year, typically after spending the majority of their days in acute care or long-term care facilities.14 A similar study reported one-year survival of 56%, but that only 9% of patients admitted to the LTAC were alive and independent of major functional status limitations at that point.15 A multicenter study of nearly 1,500 patients with PMV cared for at one of 23 LTACs demonstrated that slightly more than 50% were successfully weaned from mechanical ventilation, and of those whose vital status was known at 1 year nearly 30% were alive.16 Nearly 70% of these patients had poor functional status at LTAC discharge, with 40% of these survivors continuing to have severe functional limitation 1 year after discharge. One of the few studies reporting long-term outcomes exclusively in patients aged 65 years and older presented analysis of Medicare beneficiaries admitted to LTACs and reported 1-year mortality exceeding 50% when considering all patients, and mortality of nearly 70% among those admitted to an LTAC for PMV.13 The paucity of studies reporting on important outcomes such as these and the heterogeneity of these studies are some of the challenges confronting clinicians and patients facing difficult decisions about the continuation of prolonged life-sustaining therapy.

In this issue of the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, J. Dermot Frengley and colleagues report results from a retrospective cohort study representing one of the few attempts to investigate the effect of age on outcomes in PMV, a question of growing importance. They specifically investigate the association between age, the burden of chronic illness, measurements of respiratory physiology and outcomes among a cohort of 540 patients with respiratory failure requiring PMV admitted to a 120-bed LTAC in New York City.17 While they found an association between older age and a lower likelihood of successful weaning, age was no longer a significant factor in multivariable models that included predictors such as measurable respiratory system mechanics, the burden of co-morbid illness, and severity of acute illness. In other words, a 65 year-old patient and an 80 year-old patient with similar medical problems and identical respiratory muscle strength might be expected to have similar outcomes. These results provide an important reminder that age is often best considered as a modifier of the effect of disease rather than a strong independent predictor of outcomes among critically ill patients, and should not be used as the sole or dominant criterion informing decisions about the use of PMV.

Additionally, there are other findings in this work of great importance to those who counsel patients and their families regarding decisions to continue PMV. Among all the elderly patients admitted to this LTAC, only 22% were successfully weaned from mechanical ventilation (which they conservatively defined as freedom from mechanical ventilation for 4 or more weeks). Among this group 38% experienced a subsequent relapse to prolonged mechanical ventilation and only 41% were able to undergo tracheostomy decannulation, an important marker of recovery. Nearly two-thirds of the cohort did not survive to LTAC discharge. Even more remarkable is the fact that only 20 of the 540 patients (4%)were discharged home. While it is important to consider that the proportion of these patients who were living at home prior to their initial ICU admission is not presented in these data, and that the need for care in a skilled nursing facility is influenced by social and other nonmedical factors, returning home frequently is an important goal for patients and their families. Additionally, 9% of the patients were discharged to a nursing facility, and 24% left the LTAC to return to an acute care hospital, signifying a high risk of death. Among the relatively small group successfully weaned and discharged alive, functional status was significantly worse than pre-illness levels. The mean Zubrod score of 3 in this group signifies that the average patient was capable of limited self-care, and was confined to bed or chair 50% or more of waking hours at the time of LTAC discharge. In total, among this group of patients aged 65 years and older admitted to an LTAC for PMV in this study, an astonishing 87% either died in the LTAC or were transferred from the LTAC to an acute care hospital. Thus this study not only helps to clarify how age should and should not be considered when predicting outcomes in patients with PMV admitted to an LTAC but also provides further evidence that good outcomes in these patients occur far less often than most patients would hope or even expect.15

Improved understanding of prognosis with regard to patient-centered outcomes among elderly patients with PMV such as those reported by Frengley can only impact difficult decisions about prolonged life-sustaining therapy if high-quality communication between physicians, their patients, and those patients' surrogate decision makers takes place. Unfortunately, there is evidence that such effective communication takes place infrequently. The large majority of chronically critically ill elderly patients in one study had neither designated a proxy decision-maker nor completed an advanced directive.18 Other studies demonstrate that only a small minority of chronically critically ill patients or their families report receiving information at any point during ICU stay about expected functional status and care giving needs at hospital discharge or prognosis for 1-year survival.15, 19 It is imperative that health care professionals who assist patients with advance care planning not only be able to discuss potential benefits and burdens of emergency interventions such as endotracheal intubation and cardiopulmonary resuscitation, but also have a sense of expected outcomes when critical illness lasts not days but weeks or months. The importance of these conversations obviously rises when a patient who is critically ill is not showing signs of improvement. Too often the decisions made after a discussion about a patient's values and preferences regarding life-sustaining therapy that took place early in the course of a life-threatening illness are 'carried forward' without re-exploration, as if respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation for 2 days carries the same burdens and conveys has the same likelihood of an outcome acceptable to most older patients as mechanical ventilation that has already been required for 3 weeks. It will take improved knowledge of outcomes such as those Frengley presents here to be able to improve our ability to prognosticate, but it will take high-quality, effective, and on-going communication for this knowledge to impact decisions about the continuation of life-sustaining therapies for those patients approaching chronic critical illness.


The ONERA F4 Hot Shot wind tunnel provides hypersonic air flows at high enthalpy and high pressure total conditions. In such a hypersonic wind tunnel, real gas effects are large yielding experimental difficulties to assess either the free stream conditions in front of the model or the actual total enthalpy. In F4, the test condition knowledge was achieved mainly by indirect means, i.e. through the numerical rebuilding of experiments (classical and optical measurement results), concerning calibrations with rakes and standard models. The present paper described how topics of first importance for this type of wind tunnel were addressed i.e. the assessment of total enthalpy and of free stream uniformity and properties. A striking element of the conclusion is that, at high enthalpy, the free stream flow seems to be close to equilibrium.


the diagnosis of insufficient ultrafiltration or inadequate dialysis and for individualizing dialysis prescription (1,2). This test, however, is infrequently performed because it is time-consuming, requiring over 4 hours of nurse-patient interaction. Twardowski has proposed a simplified version of the test, called the fast PET, which relies on a single dialysate and blood sample taken after a 4-hour dwell (3). Since, to our knowledge, spontaneous variations


Objectives To discuss the effect of modified early warning scores(MEWS) on transferring process between the hospitals.Methods The patients of emergency department in the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University being transferred to other hospitals were assessed with MEWS and the transference,changes of the patients' conditions and mortality were observed.Results For the patients with MEWS of 0-4,the deterioration of the diseases accounted 3.82% and all of them could be transferred successfully after timely treatment without death.The patients with scores between 5 and 7,the deterioration of the diseases accounted 48.79%.After treatment on the ambulance,91.56% of them were transferred safely to another hospital with death rate of 8.44%.As for the patients with MEWS ≥8,57.31% of them were treated at local hospitals and the rest were transferred with 100% deterioration,36.28% of success,33.90% of trachea intubations,29.82% of cardiopulmonary-cerebral resuscitation(CPCR) and 25.66% of death on the way or in emergency room.There was significant difference in deterioration and mortality among the three groups.(P0.01),indicating that it is safer to transfer the patients with MEWS≤4 and deterioration and mortality increase significantly with MEWS≥5.Conclusion MEWS can evaluate the safety of patients being transferred,which is an easy,effective and applicable method in the process of transference.


Objective To estimate the point prevalence of pneumonia and malnutrition and explore associations with household socioeconomic factors. Design Community-based cross-sectional study conducted in January–June 2021 among a random sample of households across all villages in the study area. Setting Kiyawa Local Government Area, Jigawa state, Nigeria. Participants Children aged 0–59 months who were permanent residents in Kiyawa and present at home at the time of the survey. Main outcome measures Pneumonia (non-severe and severe) defined using WHO criteria (2014 revision) in children aged 0–59 months. Malnutrition (moderate and severe) defined using mid-upper arm circumference in children aged 6–59 months. Results 9171 children were assessed, with a mean age of 24.8 months (SD=15.8); 48.7% were girls. Overall pneumonia (severe or non-severe) point prevalence was 1.3% (n=121/9171); 0.6% (n=55/9171) had severe pneumonia. Using an alternate definition that did not rely on caregiver-reported cough/difficult breathing revealed higher pneumonia prevalence (n=258, 2.8%, 0.6% severe, 2.2% non-severe). Access to any toilet facility was associated with lower odds of pneumonia (aOR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.31 to 1.01). The prevalence of malnutrition (moderate or severe) was 15.6% (n=1239/7954) with 4.1% (n=329/7954) were severely malnourished. Being older (aOR: 0.22; 95% CI: 0.17 to 0.27), male (aOR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.66 to 0.91) and having head of compound a business owner or professional (vs subsistence farmer, aOR 0.71; 95% CI: 0.56 to 0.90) were associated with lower odds of malnutrition. Conclusions In this large, representative community-based survey, there was a considerable pneumonia and malnutrition morbidity burden. We noted challenges in the diagnosis of Integrated Management of Childhood Illness-defined pneumonia in this context.


Abstract : An assessment of the validity and range of applicability of the high angle of attack methodology developed by the Martin-Marietta Corporation, Orlando Division, under contract to the Army Missile Command has been carried out. The comparisons with experimental data showed inconsistent results with most of the prediction falling within an average accuracy band of approximately 7.5 percent with a few cases as high as 25 percent. Causes for the deviations as well as areas that warrent further improvements are specified. The methodology is suitable in its current form for preliminary design tradeoff studies. (Author)


Studies made with the light microscope on the stolon system of extant pterobranch hemichordate Rhabdopleura compacta Hincks, 1880 have revealed the presence of characteristic structures called herein diaphragm complexes. Each complex consists of the stolonal diaphragm proper and a thin-walled conical encasement, produced by a rapid inflation of the stolonal sheath around the diaphragm. Such structures have never been observed before either in the Recent or fossil Rhabdopleurida. However, both in their origin and in their relations to the stolon and to the zooidal tube, diaphragm complexes strongly resemble the internal portions of thecae as recognized in the sessile orders of the Graptolithina. The significance of the presence of these homologues of the enclosed initial portions of thecae in Rhabdopleura compacta for the understanding of the phylogenetic relationships between pterobranchs and graptolites is discussed.


A field experiment was carried out at Agriculture College Farm, Raichur during kharif 2018 an enttitled Influence of foliar nutrition of ZnSO4 and GA3 on physiological, biochemical and yield parameters of maize (Zea mays L.). The experiment was laid out in Factorial randomized complete block design (RCBD) with eighteen treatments.. The treatments were foliar nutrition of ZnSO4 @ 0.25 per cent, ZnSO4 @0.5 per cent and ZnSO4 @ 1.0 per cent and GA3 at 25 ppm, GA3 @ 50 ppm sprayed at different stages (V5, V6, and V5 & V6). Among the different treatments, foliar application of ZnSO4 (1.0%) at V5 stage revealed a significant effect on yield parameters such as cob length, cob weight, cob girth and number of rows per cob. Cob length was significantly higher in treatment ZnSO4 1% at V5 stage compared to other treatments. Number of kernels per row was more in ZnSO4 1% at V5 stage it ultimately leading to increasing in the yield. The test was highest in treatment ZnSO4 1% at V5 stage and T11 (1% ZnSO4 at V6 stage) & T12 (1% ZnSO4 at V5&V6) stage are a par with each other. Yield parameters were increased when foliar nutrition was given at early stages (V5 & V6 stage). It was concluded from the results that foliar nutrition during 25 to 30 days after sowing could increase maize productivity significantly by increasing morpo physiological and yield parameters of maize significantly.


This article describes the needs of UOC regarding translation and how these needs are satisfied by Prompsit further developing a free rule-based machine translation system: Apertium. We initially describe the general framework regarding linguistic needs inside UOC. Then, section 2 introduces Apertium and outlines the development scenario that Prompsit executed. After that, section 3 outlines the specific needs of UOC and why Apertium was chosen as the machine translation engine. Then, section 4 describes some of the features specially developed in this project. Section 5 explains how the linguistic data was improved to increase the quality of the output in Catalan and Spanish. And, finally, we draw conclusions and outline further work originating from the project.


ObjectiveTo explore the effect of community based rehabilitation on chronic schizophrenia. Methods60 patients of chronic schizophrenia were randomly divided into the community based rehabilitation group (the study group) and the inpatients group (the control group). The study used prospective design for 1 year with brief psychiatric rating scale (BPRS),nurses' observation scale for inpatients evaluation (NOSIE) and social disability screening schedule (SDSS).ResultsCompared with the control group at the end of 6 month and 1 year, scores of BPRS, NOSIE and SDSS in the study group were significantly different ( P 0.05 - P 0.001 ). The relapse rate of the study group (0%) also lowered than that of the control group( 20%).ConclusionsCommunity based rehabilitation therapy can control the chronic schizophrenia effectively. It also promotes the life quality and social function of patients, and lowers the relapse rate significantly. It is an important rehabilitation method for chronic schizophrenia.


An approach to the determination of the complete stereochemistry of enzymatic transamination is described. Stereospecificity in the enzymatic labilization of one of the 4-methylene protons of pyridoxamine has been demonstrated in the transamination of pyridoxamine catalyzed by apoglutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase. Both enantiomers of the 4-(CHD-NH2) pyridoxamine have been prepared. These compounds show T he large family of enzymes utilizing pyridoxal phosphate as cofactor catalyze a great variety of transformations of amino acids (Braunstein, 1963). In all cases the mode of action of the cofactor can be understood in terms of the original mechanism of Braunstein and Schemyakin (1953) and Snell (Metzler et ul., 1954)' In this formulation all of the enzymatic reactions involve a common intermediate, the cofactor amino acid Schiff base. The properties of reaction, substrate, and stereospecificity are then imposed on this intermediate by the apoenzyme. Given the relative simplicity of this Schiff base intermediate and the limited numbers of conformations it can assume, one may hope to achieve a real understanding of the basis for reaction and stereospecificity in this group of enzymes. In an earlier paper we suggested that reaction specificity in pyridoxal phosphate enzymes must involve enzymatic control of the amino acid C,-N bond conformation (Dunathan, 1966). In this paper we begin to define the precise stereochemistry of enzymatic transamination. The fundamental step of transamination is the tautomerism or 1,3-prototropic shift shown in Figure 1. This simple reaction must take place within the confines of only a few stereochemical variables. These can be listed ~~ __ * From the Department of Chemistry, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania 19041. Receioed August 14 1968. This research was supported by U. S. Public Health Service Grant AM 09309 from the National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases and by National Science Foundation Grant GY 4421. A preliminary account of this work was presented at the Conference on Chemical and Biological Aspects of Pyridoxal Catalysis, Moscow, Sept 1966. 1 The requirement for pyridoxal phosphate in phosphorylase (Fisher er al., 1958) cannot be explained by the Snell-Braunstein 4532 mechanism. the expected kinetic isotope effects in the enzymatic transamination. This effect provides a convenient way to compare the symmetries of monodeuteriopyridoxamine samples derived from different enzymes. It is suggested that the symmetry of the hydrogen labilized at the pyridoxamine 4-methylene group may be related to the symmetry of the amino acid substrate. A tentative assignment of the absolute symmetry of the monodeuteriopyridoxamines is made. simply: (1) the configuration at the amino acid a-carbon (C,); (2) the configuration of the proton added to the pyridoxal carbon (Cp); (3) the conformation about the C,-N single bond; (4) the conformation of the C,,= N double bond; and (5) the stereochemistry of the proton transfer (see Figure 1). In any real enzymatic transamination, the configuration of the amino acid is known, the conformation about the C,=N is almost certainly "trans," and the C,-N conformation is restricted to one of the two in which the C,-H bond lies in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the cofactor B system (Dunathan, 1966). The only real unknowns are the configuration of the proton added to the pyridoxal carbon, the choice of the C,-N conformation, and the stereochemistry of proton transfer. This transfer will be called cis if the CH bond breaking and making both take place on the same side of the T system plane or trans if on opposite sides. These five variables have an "algebraic" relationship to each other such that knowledge of any four of the five will define the fifth. Definition of all five will in turn define a large part of the geometry of the active site and will restrict considerably the mechanistic possibilities for the prototropic shift. In stating these unknowns we have assumed enzymatic stereospecificity in adding and removing a proton at the pyridoxamine 4-methylene carbon. This is certainly to be expected considering the number of examples of enzymatic discrimination between the protons of a XCH2-Y grouping (Rose, 1966). In this paper we describe proof of this stereospecificity at pyridoxamine and the isolation of the two monodeuteriopyridoxamine enantiomers. We have made tentative assignment of the absolute configuration of these compounds. D U N A T H A N , D A V I S , K U R Y , A N D K A P L A N In these experiments we have chosen to work with the deuterium-labeled cofactor since this holds the possibility of the involvement of optical rotatory dispersion-circular dichroism and nuclear magnetic resonance measurements in determining the relative and absolute symmetries of monodeuteriopyridoxamine. Since these determinations require considerable quantities of the cofactor molecules, it was essential to use an enzyme which transaminates but does not tightly bind the cofactor. Several enzymes are known which transaminate the nonphosphorylated forms of the BG cofactors (Wada and Snell, 1962a,b). In these reactions the pyridoxal and pyridoxamine act as freely diffusable substrate molecules. We have used the apoenzyme form of glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase which has been shown to catalyze reaction I (Wada and Snell, 1962a). pyridoxamine + a-ketoglutarate E pyridoxa; +


Time and fuel optimal control for a diesel-electric powertrain in transient operation is studied using a four state, three controls non-linear mean value engine model. In the studied transients the engine starts at idle and stops when the generated energy fulfills the driving mission requirement. During the driving mission both the engine speed and output power are allowed to vary, but with a constraint on power. Two strategies are then developed and evaluated. One where the driving mission is optimized with the generator power considered a free variable, and a second strategy where the accelerating phase of the transient is first optimized and then the optimal controls for a fixed generator power are used. The time optimal control is shown to be almost as fuel efficient as the fuel optimal control even though the gain in time is large. The time optimal control also has the advantage of using constant power output, making it simple and easily implementable, whilst the fuel optimal control is more complex and changes with the length of the driving mission.


Lightened material for building industry containing an aggregate of granules of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) coated sand, said aggregate obtained by the following procedure: a) reduce the material PET flakes; b) subjecting the PET flakes to a thermal and mechanical process by placing the flakes in a ventilated oven and heating to a temperature of 250 ° C-260 ° C for a time sufficient for flakes to curl and for their surface to soften, applying at the same time a mechanical movement and rotational vibration, to obtain flake aggregates; c) when heating is ended, subjecting the aggregated flakes to a controlled to give them a spheroid shape pressure; d) subjecting PET granules to a burned surface and rolling them on fine or coarse sand.


In this study,a c.249 CT mutation of chicken at the exon 1 and parts of intron 1 of Adipo gene was chosen to analysis genetic diversity and its association with slaughter and reproduction traits.There were three genotypes(AA,AB,BB) through SSCP method.No significant differences were found between genotypes in live weight,percentage of semi-eviscerated,breast meat weight,thigh weight,percentage of breast meat weight and percentage of thigh weight in chickens(P0.05).Egg laying numbers of BB genotype at 300 day and 66 week were higher significantly than those of AA and BB genotypes(P0.05).As for abdominal fat traits,significant difference was detected among AA,AB and BB genotype in both sexes(P0.05).The main effect indexes(MEI) of age at the first egg,egg numbers at 300 days,egg weight at 300 days and egg numbers at 66 weeks were all less than 1.21.But the MEI of abdominal fat weight was 8.68 and 7.40 in males and females,respectively.It implied that the Adiponectin gene could be a genetic locus or linked to a major gene affecting fat traits in chicken.


Purpose: This study was carried out to determine the relationship between the width of maxillary central incisor and interpupillary distance. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 subjects-50 male and 50 female individuals in the age group 18-26 years were selected based on predetermined selection criteria. Standardized facial frontal photographs of all the subjects were taken using a SLR camera in such a manner that maxillary anterior teeth were visible. The photographs were developed and printed to a size of 4x6 inch each. Each of these photographs were scanned and digital images were created each of which was saved in a separate file. Anthropometric measurements of interpupillary distance and mesiodistal width of maxillary right central incisor in millimeters were made using both computer software programme and manually using a digital vernier caliper. Data obtained was tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis. Results: Statistics analysis results showed positive correlation between interpupillary distance and mesio distal width of upper right central incisor amongst both male and female subjects. Male subjects had significantly less interpupilary distance as compared to female subjects. There was no statistically significant difference between the widths of central incisors of the male and female subjects. Conclusion: There was a positive correlation between interpupillary distanceand mesiodistal width of upper right central incisor in both sexes. lnterpupillary distance can be used as a guide in selecting suitable size of the artificial teeth.


This study aims to find out the background of the use of yards through horticultural farming so that it can increase farmers' income during a pandemic. This research is descriptive qualitative research, data collection methods are observation, interviews, and documentation. The subject of this study focused on 5 farmers with data analysis techniques using inductive thinking methods. The results showed that the use of yards through horticultural farming in Cengkeh Turi Village, North Binjai District could increase the income of farming families and was very helpful in improving the farmer's economy during the pandemic. This is proven by the farming families who live much better lives which are enough to meet their daily needs as seen from the salaries of the interviewees who have experienced an increase and jobs that are much lighter.


and the imagination that he poured into his Directorship of the Mershon program. We respected the scholarship that he brought to his teaching. And we appreciated the concern for improving the Department of Political Science in which he was a strong and active member. He was a vigorous and moving force at this University and it is diminished by his death. Each of us who knew Edgar Furniss will remember him in his own way. Each will enjoy recalling those characteristics of personality—the pleasant idiosyncrasies—that give to each man his special stamp and character. Most will remember that Edgar Furniss was impatient with needless delay. He was punctilious in keeping appointments and he expected others to be the same. He was restless in the audience of windy speeches and his own remarks at collegial meetings were pithy and to the point. And yet, for all his concern for conserving time and energy—as his colleagues and students will testify—he was open and generous with his time, his patience, and his counsel when the larger purpose being served was scholarship and scholarly improvement. Sometimes, it is possible to capture the measure of the man by recalling the aphorisms he applied in his daily dealings. Scholarship to serve the world of practical affairs, and practical compromise in scholarly affairs were goals that influenced his dealings. And many who knew him will remember his continuing search for these goals through the comment he often made: "The best of both worlds." Candor and honesty were characteristic of Edgar Furniss. In faulting others for failure in these respects, his strongest criticism was often contained in the comment: "He didn't come clean." Imagination and boldness of enterprise were other qualities that Edgar Furniss valued and many will have heard him set down the timid proposal and the half-way measure with the remark: "Little steps for little feet." But in remembering Edgar Furniss it is most fitting that we speak of the Mershon program which occupied so great a portion of his recent hopes and dreams. There is no doubt that he saw the Mershon program—and his part in that program—as making a significant contribution to American national security, and through that security, a contribution to the cause of world peace and international understanding. Characteristically, he was occupied until the very last with plans for extending that program, and for adding new achievements to old. His colleagues at Ohio State and elsewhere are joined by alumni of the Mershon program in lamenting the death of an accomplished scholar, stopped part way in the realization of his professional concerns.—LAWRENCE J. R. HERSON. PAUL MYRON ANTHONT LINEBARQEB, Professor of Asiatic Politics in the School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University, died on August 6, 1966, in Baltimore. Born in Milwaukee on July 11, 1913, Paul Linebarger became one of the most traveled and versatile of political scientists. Like his father, Paul M. W. Linebarger, long political adviser to Sun Yat-sen, he became a specialist in Chinese politics and, more broadly, in Asian history and affairs. From boyhood he spoke Chinese and German, and throughout his productive life he thought and wrote fluently in three languages. Educated in China and Germany before receiving his baccalaureate degree from George Washington University in 1933, he later completed both the M.A. and Ph.D. degrees at Johns Hopkins, the latter at the age of 22. He was a postgraduate student at other universities: Oxford, American, Chicago, and Michigan. In 1955 he earned a certificate from the Washington School of Psychiatry. Later he studied Spanish and Latin American culture at the University Interamericana, Mexico, and received there an honorary degree, Litt.D., in 1964; in 1965 he was awarded an honorary D.C.L. by the National Chengchi University at Taipei. He was also decorated by the National Government of China.


Since the introduction of Communicative Language Teaching (CLT), many textbooks have been written to incorporate communicative activities, authentic materials and personalized contexts. However, where the teaching and learning of grammar is concerned, most textbooks do not reflect CLT principles. As demonstrated in this paper, grammar activities in some Malaysian and Taiwanese textbooks retain the structural method of teaching grammar. This paper suggests five methods so that grammar activities can be made more communicative by retaining some practices of the structural syllabus.


Medicago rugosa and M. scutellata, two annual species of the genus Medicago, have aroused considerable interest because they carry useful traits that could be introduced into alfalfa and have a chromosome number (2n = 30) that is quite unusual in Medicago. A cytogenetic and molecular study was undertaken to investigate the annual diploid species with 2n = 16 and 2n = 14 that seem to be the most closely related to M. rugosa and M. scutellata, with the aim of characterizing these diploid species and determining their genetic relationship with the species with 2n = 30. Karyological analysis established that some of the diploid species investigated were more similar than the others to both M. rugosa and M. scutellata (as in the case of M. intertexta, M. rotata, and M. polymorpha) or at least to one of those two species (as was the case with M. doliata, M. muricoleptis, and M. murex). RFLP analysis identified four species, namely M. intertexta and M. muricoleptis with 2n = 16, and M. polymorpha and M. murex wi...


Silicon photonic modulators are a key component for electro-optic transmitters within data centers. Electro-refractive modulators relying on free carrier plasma dispersion in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) have become the most popular solution. Among the different electrical configurations, PN silicon modulators show a high bandwidth but at the price of a low efficiency. Accumulation–based capacitive modulators are an alternative, allowing to reduce the modulator power consumption. Additionally, strained SiGe exhibits a stronger plasma dispersion effect than silicon for holes. In this work we study the behavior of capacitive modulators with a thin layer of strained SiGe. The modulator fabrication process is based on the standard process flow with only few add-ons. In the first demonstration we show that the thin SiGe layer improved the modulator efficiency by 25%. In addition, further improvement is possible by optimization of the SiGe deposition condition to maximize the SiGe layer stress.


Liquefaction phenomena can be observed if fluid‐saturated soils are subjected to transient loading conditions, as they arise, for instance, during earthquakes. The term "liquefaction" comprises more specific liquefaction phenomena, such as flow liquefaction, which is an instability phenomenon in loose soils, and cyclic mobility, which is associated with medium‐dense to dense soils, where, in contrast to flow liquefaction, the overall stability of the granular assembly is maintained. However, soil liquefaction is always associated with a pore‐pressure build‐up, which consequently reduces the intergranular frictional forces, and thus, the load bearing capacity of the fluid‐saturated soil. In order to model these particular liquefaction phenomena, we proceed from a continuum‐mechanical framework based on the Theory of Porous Media (TPM), where the solid skeleton is described as an elasto‐(visco)plastic material with isotropic hardening and a stress‐dependent failure surface. The numerical solution of the resulting coupled system of partial differential equations is carried out by the finite‐element method (FEM). (© 2013 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to highlight the implementation of a recently developed weak form quadrature element method for nonlinear free vibrations of Timoshenko beams subjected to three different boundary conditions. Design/methodology/approach – The design of the paper is based on considering the geometrically nonlinear effects of axial strain, bending curvature, and shear strain. Then the quadrature element formulation of the beam is introduced. Findings – The efficiency of the method is demonstrated by a convergence study. Ratios of the nonlinear fundamental frequencies to the corresponding linear frequencies are extracted. Their variations with the ratio of amplitude to radius of gyration and the slenderness ratio are examined. The effects of the nonlinearity on higher order frequencies and mode shapes are also investigated. Originality/value – The computed results show fast convergence and compare well with available literature results.


This text highlights the importance of the attitude of those who conduct non-pharmacological interventions applied to dementia. Analyze the concept of attitude how it fits into an equation that summarizes the idea of quality of the interventions themselves. The knowledge of the aspects to be taken into consideration when talking about attitude, excesses, references of other works highlight the importance of the "attitude" variable compared to the idea of a qualitative approach aimed at people with dementia subject to such non-pharmacological interventions. The text compares the previous reference to the concept of attitude and quality treated by Kitwood where its definition is described by a "vision" relative to the person with dementia with respect to an approach that defines its characteristics and actively includes it in a process quality. The proposed thesis stems from the observation and experience of 10 years of observation and proposition of validated non-pharmacological interventions applied to dementias, where the proposed attitude was found to be a very important variable compared to the answers relating to the proposed activation inputs.


Aim of this paper was to give an overview of fungal diseases prevailing on the most common vegetables grown in Novi Sad area. For investigation, lettuce and spinach grown in a greenhouse and in open garden were chosen. In greenhouse, optimal conditions for growing lettuce and spinach were maintained, which at the same time favor the development of fungal diseases. The vegetables grown in a protected suburban open garden were more problematic considering fungal diseases. In this paper, the prevention of fungal diseases was emphasized to avoid drastic chemical treatment or minimize its application. The adequate prevention in greenhouse is a good ecological measure.


The article considers a two-level mathematical model of inelastic deformation of metal polycrystals taking into account evolution of the structure. The structure of the model was considered, some special features of its application to describe the intensity of inelastic deformations were marked. The need for a careful physical analysis of the hardening laws construction was highlighted. To evaluate the applicability of multi-level models to describe the known experimental effects of cyclic deformation a number of results of field experiments on the complex proportional and disproportional cyclic deformation was considered, some specific effects that appear in these processes were identified: stresses amplitude output at the stationary value; additional cyclic hardening at a disproportionate loading, which magnitude depends on the so-called degree of disproportionality. Numerical experiments on the disproportionate cyclic loading were carried out, the possibility of modified hardening laws to describe access to the stationary values of the stress intensity was noted, and also the possibility of a qualitative description of the effect of additional cyclic hardening was demonstrated. The A.A. Ilyushin hypothesis by isotropy and the principle of vector properties delay at the turn of the deformation path were validated.


The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for studying contemporary family violence, and to examine self-differentiation and trait-anxiety levels of urban-area housewives. The 207 subjects were married and living in urban areas. The statistical analyses used for this data were frequency, percentile, ANOVA, correlation, and multiple-regression. The main results obtained from this study were as follows: 1) Period of the family violence is 6-10 years, the main forms of violent behavior are kicking and punching, and the most violently abused wives want to divorce their husbands. 2) The self-differentiation level is 2.78, the verbal violence level is 2.06, the physical violence level is 2.06, and the trait-anxiety level is 2.49. 3) The degree of self-differentiation differed according to level of wife's education, husband's education, type of residence, income, wife's occupation, and husband's occupation. 4) The degree of violence differed according to level of wife's education, husband's education, type of residence, income, wife's occupation, and husband's occupation. 5) The degree of trait-anxiety differed according to level of husband's education, income, wife's occupation, and husband's occupation. 6) Wife's occupation, intellectual function vs. emotional function, family projection, verbal aggression behavior influenced on trait- anxiety.


The black-sand deposits are widely distributed alongside the Mediterranean Sea coast from Abu-Quir in the west to Rafah city in the extreme east. It contains, minerals, which is considered as the main source of uranium, thorium, potassium and iron oxides as a heavy and / or radio elements. These elements may be transferred with irrigation water to the plant organ (s), or even prevented the adsorption of nutrients. To achieve this purpose, surface soil samples (0-30 cm.) and subsurface soil samples (30 60cm) were collected from eastern and western of Rosetta area., also Aerva plants samples (roots, stems, leaves and flowers) as a wild plant were collected from these areas to evaluate the object of this study..The results showed highest values of thorium, uranium, potassium and iron detected in soil and plant samples near Rosetta estuary at two sides (eastern and western). The available N. P. K. and Fe in western soil samples were higher than that obtained by eastern soil samples. The N. P. K. content of the plant organ (s) samples that grown at western side were higher than that found the eastern side. The highest thorium, uranium and iron content found in plant root and the least were in the leaves or flowers plants, at two Rosetta sides. Also, total uranium, thorium and iron content in western side were higher than eastern side soil samples. INTRODUCTION The present work was conducted to evaluate the effect of radio elements in the black sands of eastern and western Rosetta branch, Egypt on macro and micro-elements of Aerva plants. The agricultural development represents the main solution for facing the drastic demands for food, all over the world. The development may be occurred through several ways. One of them in the Northern Delta area is raising the soil surface level by adding some sandy layers. These sandy layers most probably will contain black-sand and some wild plants. However, the greatest part of the blacksand was found in Rosetta area, and possibly the largest known accumulations of blacksands on the African coast, (Davidson, 1950). The black-sands contain some heavy and radioactive minerals. The radioactive minerals contain potassium, uranium and thorium. Although, potassium is one of macronutrient for plants was undergoes a simple from radioactive decay. The decay of uranium and thorium proceeds sequentially along a chain disintegrations (IAEA 1979). Uranium content of soil is highly variable with values ranging from 1 to 8 ppm, the average being about 1 ppm, (IAEA, 1988). MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty soil samples surface (0 – 30 cm) and subsurface (30 – 60 cm.) depths were collected from virgin soil on both eastern and western sides of Rosetta estuary area at distances were 100, 150, 200, 250 and 300 m in both two sides. Also, forty plant samples were ISSN 2314-5609 Nuclear Sciences Scientific Journal vol. 1, p 133 14


In the Ecuadorian electoral contest of February 2013, the Alianza Pais party won
the presidency of the republic in the first round with more than 50% voter support,
consolidating itself as the country's first political force and causing international upheaval
because third consecutive time Rafael Correa obtains this possition. The official
results show us the aggregated support information in each room without distinction
of individual behavior, but if we divide the electorate into classes (sex, age, economic
status, etc.) we can ask what amount of support did Alianza Pais get for each class? To
answer this question we can make use of the ecological inference that allows us to find
statistically the proportions of support of each class to certain political party in particular.
In this paper we use the ecological inference for 2x2 and RxC contingency tables
by Bayesian hierarchical models Binomial-Beta and Multinomial-Dirichlet that rely on
MCMC (Markov Chain Monte Carlo) computational techniques which infer the desired
proportions.


The objective of this study was to describe drinking-and-driving behaviors among motorcyclists stopped by the Operation Dry Law (Operacao Lei Seca), an anti-drink driving campaign. A descriptive study was conducted with a non-probabilistic sample of motorcyclists stopped in the city of Rio de Janeiro in 2012, who answered a socio-demographic questionnaire about alcohol use, involvement in traffic accidents and their drink- driving behavior before and after the enactment of the Dry Law (Lei Seca).Of the 94 motorcyclists interviewed, 61 answered that they had already been involved in a traffic accident and 11 of them had consumed alcohol prior to the accident. There was a decline of the drink-driving behavior by 81% after the enactment of the Dry Law. Therefore, it is possible that the enforcement actions of Operation Dry Law may have contributed to the decline of the drink-driving behavior. DESCRIPTORS: Automobile driving; Motorcycles; Traffic accidents; Alcohol drinking; Descriptive epidemiology.


The working principle of the injection hybrid active power filter(APF) is analyzed.Based on several transfer functions of the output filter,the MATLAB was used to construct the simulation model to calculate the influence of output filter parameter fluctuations on the compensation performance.It is found out that the performance of the LRC-type output filter under lower switching frequencies is superior to that of the LCL and LC type filters.Therefore,the LRC-type filter was selected for design.Finally,the PSIM was used to establish the injection hybrid APF simulation model with LRC-type output filter installed.Simulation results show that the injection hybrid APF which adopts the LRC-type output filter has good filtering performance.


Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristic in elderly hypertension with target organs damages. Method:ABPM, HOLTER, CT or MRI and blood biochemical measures were carried out in 261 elderly hypertension patients and 208 Controls. Result:Isolated hypertension and disappeared of blood pressure rhythms were common in elderly hypertension, moreover, target organ damages are more often in elderly hypertension than in controls, especially in elderly hypertension with disappeared of blood pressure rhythms.Conclusion:Isolated systolic hypertension and disappeared of blood pressure rhythms are clinical characteristics of elderly hypertension, which are related to target organs damages. Therefore, it is important to treat isolated hypertension and regulate blood pressure rhythms in clinical.


Capsella bursa-pastoris L.,Ixeris denticulate and Cirsium setosum were stored under cold storage and frozen storage respectively.The changes of nutrient components and nitrite contents were investigated during the storage process.The result showed that the content of protein,vitamin C,total carotenoids in three kinds of potherb decreased significantly under both storage conditions while the increase of contents of crude fiber was not significant.The content of nitrite had a peak at the second day,and then it decreased.At the sixth day,the content of nitrite increased again.The change of nitrite in potherb preserved in cold storage was more obvious than that in frozen storage.


I. Disease Description Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) invasive disease is caused by the bacterium Haemophilus influenzae. Hi may be either encapsulated (typeable) or unencapsulated (nontypeable). Six antigenically distinct capsular types of Hi (types a–f) that can cause invasive disease in persons of any age have been identified. Nontypeable strains may also cause invasive disease but are less virulent than encapsulated strains and cause only infrequently serious infection in children.


A protoplanetary disk consists of gas and dust grains. Coagulation of dust grains is the first step of planetary formation. Therefore, it is important to know whether dust grains can grow or not. There are two types of dust grains. One is made of ice and the other of rock. In this study, we focus on icy dust grains. Icy dust aggregates are sintered when they are heated. Sintering is the material transfer phenomenon to decrease total surface area. When an icy dust aggregate is sintered, its neck connecting dust grains grows. Because collision between sintered dust aggregates results in bouncing, they can not grow. Therefore, sintering greatly affects planetary formation. In a protoplanetary disk, the heat source is visible light irradiation from the central star. Because the dust grains around at the equatorial plane blocks the irradiation, only dust grains around the surface of a protoplaneary disk can be heated. Therefore, if turbulence transports an icy dust aggregate to the surface having high temperature, sintering can proceed. Using temperature profile at the midplane, timescale required for sintering was estimated by Sirono (2011, ApJ, 735, 131). However, this study did not take account of the vertical diffusion of icy dust aggregates. In this study, we calculate the vertical motion of dust aggregates to clarify the sintering timescale by vertical diffusion. The vertical motion of dust aggregates is diffusion by turbulence and sedimentation by gravity of the central star. We calculated the positions of aggregates as a function of time. Because sintering strongly depends on temperature (Sirono, 2011, ApJ, 735, 131), sintering of icy dust aggregates can be assumed to quickly proceed at certain height from the midplane. By numerical simulation we calculated the ratio of sintered dust aggregates that experienced high temperature to total number of aggregates. From this ratio, the sintering timescale is determined. Distribution of dust aggregates reaches a steady state after the sedimentation timescale. In the steady state condition, each aggregate moves up and down in a vertical direction of a protoplanetary disk, icy dust aggregates are sintered if they exceed the altitude of high temperature. The fraction of sintered dust aggregates increases with time. The result can be well fitted by 1-exp(-t/b), where t is time and b is the sintering timescale. It is found that the sintering timescale gets shorter as the altitude of high temperature decreases. The sintering timescale is determined by the diffusion timescale that depend solely on the strength of turbulence irrespective of aggregate size. The altitude of high temperature depends on size of aggregates. As dust aggregates grow, the altitude goes down. Therefore, if they sufficiently grow, sintering by vertical diffusion of turbulence can proceed. It is possible that sintering by vertical diffusion hinders the growth of the aggregates.


SYNOPSIS

A plaque technic was evaluated and used for the isolation and enumeration of small, free-living amebae in lake-bottom samples which were collected each month for one year from a Nebraska lake. Several culture media were evaluated, and a simple glucose-salts medium was chosen. The most frequent ameba in the lake-bottom samples was Acanthamoeba polyhaga which underwent marked increases and decreases in population densities during the collection period. This pattern was not correlated with water temperature, bacterial counts, and nitrate or phosphate levels. Other species of amebae of the genera Hartmannella, Vahlkampfia, Naegleria, Paratetramitus and Echinamoeba were isolated. Most of these were either found infrequently or remained at relatively low, constant densities throughout the year. In addition, 4 species of Acrasieae of the genera Dictyostelium and Polysphondylium were isolated from the lake-bottom samples.


Transit-oriented development, which emphasizes higher densities, mixed land uses, and facilities for non-automobile modes of transportation, offers a potential alternative to automobile-oriented suburban development. While historically this type of land development has occurred near rail facilities, many cities are now considering bus rapid transit rather than rail. This raises the question: Under what conditions can bus transit support transit-oriented development? This paper presents a case study of Austin, Texas, where significant apartment construction occurred on University of Texas shuttle bus routes in the 1990s, and explores the conditions contributing to this development. This case demonstrates the potential for bus transit to support at least limited forms of transit-oriented development, even in the absence of public initiatives.


In search for equity at the Rio summit, it was suggested that in case of pollution or any other environmentally negative effect, the costs are inflicted on the responsible agents to pay for the rectification. The Polluter Pay Principle (PPP) has since then been touted as a useful environmental management tool that makes provisions for innovative penalties seeking to place the burden of environmental pollution control on those that abuse the environment. Despite such euphoria, the results on the ground have been appalling. In this analysis we question the practical utility of the PPP viz avis the deteriorating environmental fabric of many nations. The analysis reveals that it is cheaper for many individuals, organizations or even countries to pollute the environment and pay a fine than to install systems that require the constant monitoring of the environment. Emphasis of the PPP is misplaced as it focuses on curing damages and not on the process that brings the environmental problems to a halt. Its implementation is further constrained by the difficulty associated with placing a price tag on environment parameters. We recommend a proactive alternative to PPP that emphasize on preventative measures through environmental education. The success of such a management strategy is however not spontaneous as it needs to be rooted upon an effective system of values, institutions, attitudes, personal commitment, self confidence and active participation of all individuals in managing and detecting environmental problems that affect them.


Metal injection moulding in conjunction with hot isostatic pressing was applied to prepare MIM418 superalloy. Densification behaviour, precipitated phases and tensile properties of the alloy were characterised. Relative density of 97.6% is obtained after vacuum sintering at 1240°C, and near full dense alloy is achieved after HIPing. High volume fraction (57%) of near cuboidal γ' phase with average particle size of 0.52 μm precipitates homogeneously in γ matrix. Small amount of fine carbides with average particle size of 0.22 μm distribute mainly along grain boundaries and in grain interior. Average grain size of the superalloy is estimated to be ∼26 μm. Uniformly distributed precipitates and fine grain size lead to significant improvement of mechanical properties. The tensile strength, yield strength and ductility of MIM418 superalloy achieve 1425 MPa, 1004 MPa and 19.4% respectively, which are much higher than that of the cast K418 superalloy.


Introduced the W-shaped flame boiler combustion mechanism and NOxformation.Analyzed the SCR denitrification principle,technical process and operation notices.It will benefit the same type units.


Ultrasound has been an extraction technique received much attention in recent years. This technique is proven to be able to increase extraction efficiency, shorten extraction time and maintain the activity of antioxidants especially polyphenols. Liquid state of the antioxidant mixture after extraction reduces the application of extracts containing bioactive compounds. This is due to the rapid decline in activity over time and higher transport costs for the liquid extracts with a large amount of water. Therefore, this study was focused on extraction process assisted by microwave to obtain the guava extracts and capsulated these extracts by the suitable carrier to remain the polyphenol activity. It could be seen that microwave was a potential method to extract the polyphenols in comparison with solid-liquid extraction. The cell structure of plant materials was significantly destroyed by microwave in order to release more polyphenols from inner parts of guava leaves. The total phenolic and flavonoid content were increased 12.7% and 36.5% when microwave applied in comparison with the solid-liquid extraction. The combined 20% maltodextrin and 10% arabic gum was the best way to maintain the polyphenol activity. The polyphenols were encapsulated by the combined maltose dextrin and arabic gum was 5.2% more than those of maltodextrin only. Color indices such as L*, a*, b* were significantly different between the powders capsulated by the maltose dextrin and the combined maltose dextrin and arabic gum.


Subject Code Description Nr of Studies on this Subject S8 SOCIAL PARTICIPATION: TOTAL (personal + associations) 0 S8.1 Participation career 0 S8.1.1 Earlier total social participation 3 S8.1.2 Change in total social participation 4 S8.1.4 Later total social participation 1 S8.2 Current total social participation 21 S8.3 Attitudes to total social participation 2 S8.3.1 Concern about social participation 0 S8.3.2 Satisfaction with social participation 3 Appendix 1 Happiness Items used Appendix 2 Statistics used Appendix 3 About the World Database of Happiness Appendix 4 Further Findings in the World Database of Happiness Appendix 5 Related Subjects


Summary Multiple myeloma, being a malignant proliferation of plasma cells in the bone marrow, has clinical spectrum varying from monoclonal gammopathy with unknown significance to plasma cell leukemia. The presenting symptoms have usually been bone pain, pathologic fractures or repeating infections. In patients with multiple myeloma, amyloid depositions may be seen in the skin. This form, defined as primary systemic amyloidosis, is characterized by light-chain amyloid fibril depositions. Our case applied with multiple, asymptomatic, yellowish papules localized on the face, trunk, oral and genital mucosa, gradually increasing during the last two years. He had no complaints, except for slight weight loss. In routine tests, the patient had no pathological laboratory findings, except high C-reactive protein levels. Further research revealed histopathologic and immunohistochemical findings consistent with amyloidosis. Upon these results, immunoglobulin G levels were measured and found high, and in protein electrophoresis, IgG monoclonal gammopathy was determined. The diagnosis of multiple myeloma is made by bone marrow biopsy. This patient is presented for being an asymptomatic case diagnosed by skin findings of amyloidosis. (Turkderm 2010; 44: 170-3)


Our army is popularizing the military communication devices all over the army,to meet the need of the development of the future war and to accelerate the process of military modernization.All of the squads will be equipped with this new low power digital receivers.Compared with the traditional receiver,it′s smaller,lighter,cheaper,supplied with lower power and it performances better.This paper presents tow methods of SSB demodulation in the receiver,in one method the signal of interest is bandpass filtered,in the other method frequency of the signal of interest is first moved to zero intermediate,then lowpass filtered,at last moved to original intermediate.After analysis and comparison,it′s concluded that the laterr method costs less operations than the first.


Library is an important communal cultural institution,which plays a key role in protecting the people's basic cultural rights and interests,in realizing social fairness and justice,in improving the overall quality of the citizens,in promoting the construction of democracy and the rule of law,in strengthening the energy of national development,and in achieving a harmonious coexistence between man and nature.Also it plays an important role in building a socialist harmonious society.This paper discusses the role of library in building a harmonious society form four aspects,and puts forward some targeted measures to develop library cause and promote the construction of harmonious society.


Abstract Many everyday engineering applications crucially depend on the mixing efficiency of the appropriate hardware. Chaotic mixing is pertained to be an effective way of attaining high levels of mixing. In this work we report on viscous fluid flow in a cavity, with oscillating boundaries, that exhibits such chaotic motion. Using computational fluid dynamics we explain the transition from order to chaos which can be observed by a cascade of the trajectory orbit of particles as the time period of oscillation is increased. As the system moves from order into chaos it is shown that a particle will be displaced from ordered streamlines to the point where it moves throughout the whole low domain thus showing that good mixing is present. An attempt is also made to characterise the transition to aperiodicity, for the studied configuration.


Fission track (FT) thermochronometry using zircon has widely been applied to the resolution of a variety of geologic problems, for which the understanding of FT annealing behaviour is essential. Thermal annealing experiments were conducted on FTs in natural zircons having different ages (ranging from ~0.6 to ~70 Ma) and radiation damage levels. We measured horizontal confined track lengths on nine zircon concentrates separated from rapidly cooled volcanic rocks, after 1 hr annealing at 400–700°C. As the annealing temperature increases, the observed tracks show a consistent and systematic length reduction in all samples, and the mean track lengths are hardly distinguishable among the nine samples for the same annealing step. Our results suggest that the thermal annealing characteristics at laboratory time‐scale are concordant among the zircons, regardless of their ages, and that identical annealing kinetics may work for Late Mesozoic to Cenozoic zircons.


Abstract: To provide an "in vitro" system for studying brain capillary function, we have developed a process ofcoculture that closely mimics the "in vivo" situation by culturing brain capillary endothelial cells on one side of a filter and astrocytes on the other. Under these conditions, endothelial cells retain all the endothelial cell markers and the characteristics of the blood–brain barrier, including tight junctions and γ‐glutamyl transpeptidase activity. The average electric resistance for the monolayers was 661 Ω cm2. The system is impermeable to inulin and sucrose but allows the transport of leucine. Arabinose treatment increases transcellular transport flux by 70%. The relative ease with which such monolayers can be produced in large quantities would facilitate the "in vitro" study of brain capillary functions.


Proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are an electrochemical energy conversion device that only has water vapor as an emission. During fuel cell operation, the PEM undergoes mechanical, thermal, and chemical degradation. The chemical degradation is attributed to reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are generated in situ through both chemical and electrochemical pathways during fuel cell operation. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a reactive oxygen species (ROS) and is often an intermediate formed in the presence of transition metal ion like Fe2+ or Fe3+. The free radical ROS mainly hydroxyl and hydroperoxyl radicals initiate oxidative degradation of both the PEM backbone and the side chains that contain ionic groups that are essential for ion conduction. In this study, various types of free radical scavenger (FRS) additives' free radical scavenging activity are assessed using ex-situ and in-situ fluorescence spectroscopy(1, 2). Some of FRS materials studied are cerium oxide and doped ceria salts. The scavenging ability of the FRS materials were related to their physio-chemical properties – which were assessed by XPS, SEM, and dynamic light scattering (zetasizer).

 V. Prabhakaran, C. G. Arges and V. Ramani, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 109, 1029 (2012).

 V. Prabhakaran, C. G. Arges and V. Ramani, Phys Chem Chem Phys, 15, 18965 (2013).


Nurturing the spirit of college sports is can not only enhance the college cultural taste and create a healthy and progressive spirit of the cultural environment,but also can cultivate the idea of lifelong sport and the healthy and positive outlook on life,and lay a good basis for young generation′s physical and mental health and socialist spiritual civilization construction.The study discusses the cultivation status of college sports spirit from spiritual,system and cultural three levels and puts forward corresponding policy recommendations.


It is critical for building energy management to deal with the trade-offs between occupants' thermal comfort and energy consumption. This study introduced the extremum seeking control to real-time optimize the building system operation in an office environment setting. Multiple cases were investigated in this study, with the objectives including multiple occupants' thermal comfort expectations and energy consumption. The results showed that the extremum seeking control is capable of providing the real-time optimal temperature set point, which balances the trade-offs between thermal comfort and energy consumption. Compared to the constant operating temperature setpoint (24 °C), the extremum seeking control could save up to 22% of the total energy consumption, therefore has the potential to be implemented in the real-world building control systems.


Background: A series of aryl-piperazine derivatives of 1,7,8,9-tetrachloro-10,10-dimethoxy-4-azatricyclo [188.8.131.52 2,6 ] dec-8-ene-3,5-dione were synthesized. The chemical structures of the desired compounds were identified by 1 H NMR, ESI-MS and elementary analytical. The anti-cancer and anti-angiogenesis activities of the newly synthesized compounds were evaluated by proliferation and migration assays, respectively. Results: The screening results demonstrated that compounds 2 and 5 showed potent anti-tumor activity (IC 50 values ranging from 7.1 to 15.9μM) with low cytotoxic activities (IC 50 > 79.3μM). Although compound 5 showed little effects on endothelia proliferation (IC 50 =65.3μM), it indeed significantly abrogated endothelia cell migration (IC 50 =6.7μM). Conclusions: This work may impart new direction for the investigations of aryl-piperazine derivatives and lead to the development of potent novel anti-tumor and anti-angiogenesis agents.


The N-th power H-squeezing effects of photon field for the photon-added two-mode squeezed vacuum state a+mb+m|ξ were numerically studied. It is shown that the photon field can exhibit the N-th power H-squeezing effects (N = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,…); for higher power H-squeezing (N ≥2) and larger γ (γ is the squeezing parameter), as m increases, the N-th power H-squeezing effects increase.


Geometrical and radiometrical corrections are important for scene matching applications. We suppose the applications that there are no geometrical errors based on using 3D-Inertial sensors for geometrical corrections. In these cases, Normalized Cross-Correlation (NCC) is commonly used method for scene matching. The problem of matching a pattern image (mask) to an image in these cases needs to correction of radiometrical errors as illumination (contrast) variations. In this paper we show that correlation between a mask and a histogram matched image instead of using that raw version, improves the correlation value. First we match histogram function of the image to histogram function of the mask in order to have two closed contrast images, and then correlate those together using NCC and root mean square error (RMSE) methods. Simulation results confirm that according to using NCC and RMSE simultaneously, not only this method is a fast and real time method, but also according to matching histogram function of the received image to histogram function of the mask, it improves the correlation value. Also we show that using the edge detected version of the mask and histogram matched image, lead us to have the best results.


This study reports on pharyngeal cavity size change mechanisms associated with voiced−voiceless stop contrast in English. Electromyographic recordings were obtained from pharyngeal and infrahyoid muscles of three speakers, using bipolar, hooked−wire electrodes. The EMG potentials were sampled and averaged under computer control. The utterances sampled were 27 pairs of nonsense disyllables that contrasted only in the voicing of one stop consonant. All the English stop cognate pairs were included. Two modes of expanding the pharynx for voiced stops are proposed, each applying to a different group of muscles; an ''active'' mode, requiring increased muscle activity to expand the pharynx; and a ''passive'' mode, requiring suppression of muscle activity to expand the pharynx. The data reveal different patterns of use of the two expansion modes for the three subjects. The results are discussed in terms of current phonological theory.Subject Classification: 70.20.


The three-lumen nasogastrojejunal tube was placed through guide wires under X-ray monitoring for 21 patients with postsurgical gastroparesis syndrome.The suction cavity was placed at sinus ventriculi for decompression and the feeding cavity was placed at jejunum for nourishment.The tube was successfully placed in all patients except one who need the help of gastroscopy.The time of procedure was 5-38 min with an average of 16 min.The duration for the nutrient tube staying was 9-51 d with an average of 23 d.All patients cured.Three-lumen nasogastrojejunal tube placed under X-ray monitoring proves to be a safe, convenient, highly tolerable and effective procedure.

Key words:
Catheterization;  Enteral nutrition


It is strongly argued that high temperature superconductors (HTSC) exhibit an anti-polar phase with a long range order in both normal and superconducting states. This anti-polar phase is directly related to the onset of superconductivity in all HTSC and it is responsible for strong coupling and of two dimensionality aspect of HTSC, as it is described below.


A method to analyze the injection locking and injection pulling of arbitrary oscillators under small excitation is proposed. The most general case when the excitation frequency is close to a rational fraction of the oscillator fundamental is considered. The phase differential equation for an arbitrary periodic excitation is derived. Expressions to evaluate characteristics of the oscillator in injection locking and injection pulling modes are obtained. The characteristics include the locking range, the waveforms of the phase and the instantaneous frequency, the dependencies of the beat frequency and output spectrum on the excitation frequency. The circuit example is presented to illustrate the application of proposed approach.


The utility model relates to a mixing machine rotor belonging to the grain and feed mechanical field, which comprises a principal shaft, a plurality of stay bars vertical to the principal shaft and arranged on the periphery of the principal shaft, and blades arranged at end parts of the stay bars, wherein a spiral ribbon is sleeved on each blade around the turning circle of the principal shaft, the spiral ribbons are fixed on the end parts of the blades, and the guide surfaces of the spiral ribbons are reverse to the guide surfaces of the blades. The mixing machine rotor solves the problem that large viscous materials are difficult to mix, when the principal shaft rotates, the blades push the materials to one end, the spiral ribbons push the materials to the other end, which can intensify mixing, and at the same time, the spiral ribbons can scrape off the materials adhered to the inner wall of a mixing chamber, so that the discharging of the mixing chamber is more complete and the materials remaining in the mixing chamber are reduced. The mixing machine rotor can be applied to single-shaft mixing machines, and also can be applied to double-shaft mixing machines.


Methods and apparatus to expose enclosure labels are disclosed. An example apparatus includes a first enclosure having a first characteristic, a first label indicative of the first characteristic and fixed to an outer surface of the first enclosure, and a second enclosure to couple to the first enclosure. The second enclosure is to cover the first label when the second enclosure is coupled to the first enclosure. The first and second enclosures have a second characteristic when the second enclosure is coupled to the first enclosure. The example apparatus also include a second label indicative of the second characteristic and fixed to an outer surface of the second enclosure. The second label is to be exposed when the second enclosure is coupled to the first enclosure.


Taking groundwater exploitation quantity variation,groundwater level variation,spring flow variation,ground subsidence rate,ground crack growth,riparian vegetation restoration and ecological environment quality as impact factors,this paper established groundwater environment rehabilitation effect evaluation system of closing wells and reducing groundwater exploitation. And the corresponding index classification,index selection criteria and evaluation method were given. Meanwhile,taking the groundwater overexploitation area in Taiyuan city as an example,this paper evaluated the groundwater environment restoration effect of closing wells and reducing groundwater exploitation since 2003.


An infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus(IBRV) strain was cultured in Madin-Darby bovine kidney(MDBK) cells and purified by ultracentrifugation.The purified virus was disrupted by using an(ultrasonic) disintegrator.An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was developed to detect specific antibodies to IBRV in serum with prepared diagnostic antigen.D_(490nm) values higher than 0.369 were determined as positive standard for the ELISA and lower than(0.295) as negative standard.The assay was confirmed to be specific and reproducible.96.3% agreement was obtained by comparing to the IBR ELISA kit from France,and 95.8% by comparing to the virus neutralization test(VNT).The IBRV infection in some areas of China was investigated by the established ELISA technique,and an average infection rate of 67.1% in cattle was obtained.


Development of energy-saving light controller using a remote switch mp3
digital electronics system with methods addressing IC with Programmable
Microcontroller ATmega16 remote mp3 as the switch. Using the LCD as the
display will show the lights are on and do not turn on the lights and tigkat
information.
This energy saving light controller works based on the results of
processing the data sent from the sensor to a remote mp3 TSOP then processed by
a microcontroller which has been programmed with the programming language C
Code Vision AVR.


This paper explores the syntax of theme arguments in Palauan. Palauan's passive construction is examined first, arguing that a class of Palauan meand overbs are passive forms of related transitive verbs whose theme arguments are promoted to subject position. Evidence for this analysis is drawn from quantifier float, syntactic causation, and wh-agreement. The Palauan passive construction will be shown to share some properties with the class of English unaccusative verbs even though the Palauan construction is much more productive. In particular, I argue that the Palauan passive does not contain an implicit agent, evidenced by its inability to contain a null PRO in purpose/rationale clauses and its incompatibility with agent-oriented adverbials like blak a rengul "intentionally." I propose an analysis that treats themeand oprefixes as instances of (non-external-argument-introducing) passive v heads (cf. Kratzer ; Chomsky , ). Next, I analyze the syntax of transitive imperfective and perfective verbs, in which theme arguments are mapped to the direct object position. Accusative Case is registered morphologically in two different ways, depending on the aspect of the verb. I propose an analysis in which the accusative case marker for direct objects of imperfective verbs, er, and the object agreement affixes that appear on perfective verbs are only realized post-syntactically, at PF. Independent evidence for this analysis arises from the aforementioned passive construction. 1 The Palauan Passive Construction 1.1 Does Palauan have a passive? Since the publication of Josephs's () Palauan Reference Grammar, the status of the passive in Palauan has been a matter of some debate (see also Wilson ). Palauan contains two different constructions that have alternately been referred to as passives, illustrated below. Sentences () and () exemplify the alternate "passive" forms of the corresponding active sentence in (). () a. Ng  omangch bite er  a rechad people se that el  bilis. dog "That dog is biting people." Acknowledgments: Many thanks are due to Judith Aissen and Jim McCloskey for their valuable discussions of this material. Without the help of Maria Mersai, Bob Naito, and Ilana Seid with the Palauan data, this paper would not exist — I am extremely grateful to them. Thanks also to Henry Yungli Chang, Junko Ito, Diane Massam, Armin Mester, Masha Polinsky, Joey Sabbagh, Lisa Travis, and Kie Zuraw for their thoughtful comments and insight. Finally, my gratitude for the seemingly endless help of Sandy Chung is immeasurable. Unless otherwise cited, all Palauan examples are taken from my own fieldnotes. Any errors should obviously (and unfortunately) be attributed to me.


Recent results on the slope of the $pp$ diffraction cone measured by TOTEM at $7$ and $8$ GeV show an unexpected rapid rise in $s$, close to $B(s)\sim \ln^2$, rather than $\ln s$, typical of the Regge-pole predictions. We show that the new phenomenon can be accommodated by the inclusion of unitarity corrections to a simple Regge (pomeron) pole exchange. Interestingly, the odderon may also promote the acceleration of $B(s)$. The onset of the new regime may be indicative of the approach to the asymptotic dynamics of strong interactions. We analyse the new data together with other available forward measurable in a unitarized Regge dipole. Unitarization proves crucial in fitting the data, especially those on the slope $B(s)$ showing a change from the $\ln (s)$ to $\ln^2 (s)$ behavior. Having fitted the free parameters of the unitarized model to the data, we predict the behavior of the cross sections and the slope at still higher energies, including those asymptotic.


The higher education institutes aspire to gain reputation of quality having accreditation from internationally recognized awarding bodies. The accreditation leads and provides quality assurance for education. Although distance learning becomes a significant part of the education system in the 21 st century, there is still a common opinion that the quality of distance education is lower when comparing with the classical conventional classroom education. The accreditation will serve public accountability and play a critical role to change this opinion. The aim of this study is to evaluate how accreditation standards can be applied for the distance learning programmes and which areas are benefited by accreditation standards. The study is based on an investigation to identify applicable accreditation system for distance learning including definition of problem areas and continues with production of proposal to facilitate application of accreditation for such systems. The results of this study may lead education providers to establish an accredited distance learning system and ensure the people on quality of their work.


Associated with the construction of national level experimental teaching demonstration center and practice of our university,the laboratory operational system of combining theory teaching and research with experimental teaching was put forward and an opening laboratory managerial model was introduced.Combining with the characteristics of experimental teaching,an evaluation system based on quantity and quality for teachers and assist teachers was put forward.


The invention provides a registration method for a refrigerator. The method comprises the steps: a mobile terminal scans a two-dimension code corresponding to the refrigerator to acquire information related with the refrigerator; the mobile terminal generates registration information according to the information and sends a registration request to a cloud server; the cloud server registers the refrigerator according to the registration information after receiving the registration request. With the adoption of the method, a refrigerator account can be registered rapidly and conveniently, and the user experience is improved. The invention further provides a registration system for the refrigerator.