The apparel industry and the fashion industry is considered one of the most controversial industries both when it comes to environmental and social aspects. Several scandals has been discovered in the fashion industry in recent years, from work opportunities to animal cruelty. The fashion industry has faced and still faces many challenges. Several sustaina-bility initiatives have been taken in the industry for both short and long terms to improve sustainability efforts. Several clothing companies and brands prepares an annual sustain-ability report to view the initiatives taken in sustainability efforts. The paper has examined the forces behind the companies in the fashion industry that chooses to sustainability re-port. The paper has also contributed knowledge that can provide an understanding of what it is that drives the development of reporting in the industry in terms of environmental and social perspectives. The purpose was answered with the help of three research ques-tions: Why does companies' sustainability report? What are the similarities and differ-ences between companies that report and what these are due to? How is sustainability reporting developed over the past five years and what may be the cause or reason of the development? The theoretical framework is based on scientific articles that is peer re-viewed. The previous research primarily focuses on sustainability from a general perspec-tive and previous studies in the fashion industry. Then follows the institutional theory, stakeholder theory and legitimacy theory. The theories were used to explain the demands on businesses and the interaction between an organization and its stakeholders. The paper involved four companies in the fashion industry founded in Sweden. A qualitative method were used when the corporate sustainability reports were reviewed. A qualitative content analysis was applied to interpret texts in the sustainability reports. Restructuring of the text material was applied through a credit assessment based on the number of pieces in the sustainability reports that could be categorized to different environmental and social aspects. In the empirical background an explanation is given to the Global Reporting In-itiative (GRI) as a reporting framework for sustainability reporting. Empirical data were collected from eight sustainability reports from four different companies (see appendix 2). The first four were from 2010/2011 and the last four were from 2014/2015, to identify the development over the years. The study's research questions formed the basis for the analysis design. The results show that the main reason why companies establish sustainability reporting is to strengthen the brand and achieve legitimacy. There have been a number of developments over the past five years. Among other things, companies have become more aware and the society set higher demands which have resulted in changes in the social and environmental aspects.


Group tracking method (GTM), a resolving way for overcapacity section of speeding-raising line is proposed in this paper. The overcapacity section is defined and block tracking method is analyzed theoretically and illustrated based on the mechanism. On one hand, the theoretical analysis indicates that the different running times of trains with variable speeds in the same section is one of the main factors which leads to capacity deduction. Larger the difference bigger is the deduction coefficient. One feasible approach reducing capacity deduction is to organize the same type of train group to track each other. On the other hand, the example computation shows that this method to a certain extent can resolve the trains within overcapacity section effectively and alleviate capacity tension conditions.


In this paper, we address the problems related to the performance modeling of object based software systems, distributed across multiple platforms. Classical flat queuing models seem to be inappropriate, because of the inevitable complexity caused by the platform heterogeneity and the dual client/server role that objects often play in their interactions. Models should be structured vertically, in hierarchical levels, as well as horizontally, in interconnected model components. Each component may be using several analytically intractable queuing network extensions, for the precise representation of the synchronization phenomena that arise in the various object interaction cases. The overall model structure is utilized not only for incrementally specifying a complex workload and resource contention description, but also for approximately analyzing it, by successive flow equivalence aggregations. In this context, we discuss the properties that the model should possess, for achieving satisfactory levels of accuracy. The modeling of common design cases, like the synchronous object invocation, the distributed callback and the multithreading process structure, is illustrated, in the context of CORBA based object interactions. The suggested approach promotes the accomplishment of the appropriate type of analysis at the most suitable level of abstraction, in respect to the specific credibility and cost requirements of each study.


Sleep fragmentation, decreased rapid eye movement (REM) sleep time, and REM sleep hypoxemia have been reported in infants with chronic neonatal lung disease (CNLD) in early infancy despite an awake hemoglobin oxygen saturation (SaO2) >93%. Interestingly, higher inspired O2 concentrations have been demonstrated to reduce REM sleep fragmentation in CNLD patients in middle infancy. However, the effect of increased SaO2 on sleep architecture in infants with CNLD near the time of discharge from neonatal intensive care has not been reported. We performed paired overnight polysomnography in a sleep laboratory on 16 infants with CNLD (4 weeks median corrected age) in air or their usual inspired oxygen (SaO2 >93%) and again when receiving 0.25 L/min higher than baseline inspired oxygen via nasal catheters (SaO2 >97%). A control group of seven healthy preterm infants was similarly studied.


Rapid growth of economy and population and fast urbanization in China's coastal zones have resulted in more and more serious damage of ocean and coastal environment, which jeopardize the sustainable development of coastal economies. Marine ecological compensation is an effective and efficient approach to balance the socio-economic development and the marine environmental protection, and to promote sustainability of ocean and coast. The current theory of marine ecological compensation can't meet the needs for the development of compensation policies. This paper firstly analyzed the theoretical basis of marine ecological compensation, including the value of the ecosystem services, the public goods, the externalities and environmental justice. Secondly, the paper explores the concept and connotation of marine ecological compensation based on the comprehensive analysis of ecology, law and economics. The marine ecological compensation can be categorized into two parts, the marine ecological damage compensation and payments for marine ecosystem services. The marine ecological damage is the primary environmental damage done directly to the marine environment. The legal liability of ecological damage caused by normal (approved) sea area use, and the wrongful actions (such as oil spill) are different. Thirdly, the paper discusses the key elements of marine ecological compensation such as the subject, the object, compensation standards and modes, etc...


Accountants should have higher thinking ability and innovation ability in the time of knowledge economy.How to inspire the students' thinking ability with various methods is an important teaching skill.The paper analysis the basic meaning of training thinking ability in teaching accounting,and proposes that it is the groundwork for training thinking ability to guide students to grasp the basic theory,the harmonious atmosphere should be built in teaching accounting,students should be guided to raise doubts and difficult questions for discussion and to find new unknown knowledge,carrying out case teaching is beneficial to train students' thinking ability.


Objective The study is for preparing the specific monoclonal antibody of rubella virus(RV) which could be applied for researching the biological character of RV and diagnesing human infection by it. Methods BALB/c mice were immunized by RV antigen and their spleen cells were estheted to fuse with the mice myeloma cells SP_2/O to es tablish hybridoma cell strain.The hybridoma cells and homologous monoclonal antibody were analyzed by experiments. Re sults Establishing three-strain hybridoma cells, 5D_5、5G_5 and 2F_7 sueccessfully, which secret monoclonal antibody stably.The number of chromatosome is all over 98 streaks. The homologous monoclonal antiodes all belong to IgG_1 .They react with strong masculine on RV pare antigen. Conclusion The methods establied by the experiments can produce meno clonal antibody with hyper-affinity and specificity of RV.


The invention discloses a mica and graphene co-modified inorganic coating material and a use method thereof, wherein a purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problem of poor adhesion of the inorganic coating on the metal surface. The mica and graphene co-modified inorganic coating material is prepared by adopting mica and graphene to carry out co-modification on an inorganic coating material, wherein the graphene adding amount is 0.1-3% of the mass of the inorganic coating material, and the mica adding amount is 0.1-5% of the mass of the inorganic coating material. According to the invention, the mica and the graphene are matched to carry out co-modification on the existing inorganic coating material performance so as to substantially increase adhesion of the inorganic coating material on the metal surface, and achieve an effect the same as the increased adhesion effect t of the inorganic coating material after carrying out a bland blasting treatment or an etching roughening treatment on the metal surface; a bland blasting treatment or an etching roughening treatment on the metal surface is not required so as to substantially simplify construction difficulty; and weathering resistance, high temperature resistance, thermal insulation and insulation property of the inorganic coating material can be substantially improved.


High salt intake is a potential risk factor for obesity independent of energy intake, though underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT) accounts for about 10% of total e...


Analysis approach and formulas for the transmission properties of uniform multicon-ductor interconnecting buses in high-speed integrated circuits are presented in this article. And further, by using a network approach, a tapered bus system can be analyzed as a set of cascaded uniform buses with slightly different strip widths. Obtained results are in good agreement with the experimental data.


The fouling in high-pressure heat exchangers of hydrogenation unit was calculated using MATLAB software,base on the heat balance and film coefficient theory.The calculated results were confirmed to be reliable and were applied to conduct the adding amount of scale inhibitor.With a long-term stable running,the consumption of scale inhibitor was saved 168 t/a,the operation cast of the unit reduced 3.53 MRMB annually.


The Amur is navigable along its entire length, and it has a great transport importance for the Far East region. In years with spring-summer-autumn periods of low water level, the Amur River navigation suffers great economic losses. In such years, the volume of cargo transportation and the movement of passenger ships are disrupted, the work of water intakes deteriorates, and water supply to the population and enterprises is hampered. In the Khabarovsk Territory, material damage is sometimes commensurate with the damage from floods. More than a century of observations of the Amur regime near Khabarovsk made it possible to carry out a statistical analysis of the characteristic water level dynamics in three water phases: spring flood, summer low-water period and rain floods. The territory climate with cold dry winters and warm humid summers determines a dual maximum runoff in the Amur regime, reduced in spring and high in summer. It is noteworthy that both maximum runoffs have a steady downward trend in the dynamics of the highest water levels for 1896–2021. However, the height of the spring flood wave, in contrast to the annual maximums, decreases in dynamics more intensively (at a rate of 10–12 cm / 10 years and 5–7 cm / 10 years, respectively). The lowest water levels observed after the flood wave (summer low water period) have a long-term trend in dynamics, parallel to the spring trend. A similar trend in the Amur regime is associated with the variability of the regional climate and is synchronous with global warming characterized by an increase in surface air temperature, which contributes to an increase in evaporation from the water surface, and therefore, to a decrease in river runoff. The performed assessment of the Amur water regime during the navigation period makes it possible, by means of trend components, to orient the hydrologist-forecaster on the distribution of the Amur water content in in the coming season.


The leakage power of decaps is a significant portion of the total chip power. Previous work [1] proposed a method to dynamically modulate the decap at runtime to save leakage power consumed by the unused decap. However, it did not consider the fact that the pre-placed decap at chip design stage actually has limited capacity, thus the estimated capacitance by the method [1] may exceed the decap's capacity. In this paper, we address this issue, and propose a method to improve the prior work to make it feasible. The effectiveness of our idea is tested on four benchmarks.


Since May 22, 1944, we have treated 36 patients with infections produced by Bacillus anthracis.2 The local lesions were diagnosed clinically as "malignant pustule"; where regional manifestations were also present, the diagnosis was "malignant edema." Malignant pustule may be mistaken clinically for a simple furuncle or carbuncle. The diagnosis in our cases was proved by the demonstration of Bacillus anthracis in smears. In 27 cases a single lesion was present; in 8 there were two lesions, and in 1 case there were four. Twenty-two of the patients were males, 14 females. Twenty-five were over fifteen years of age. The remainder were children from one to fifteen. In 16 cases (44.4 per cent) the disease appeared to be local or regional; systemic manifestations were present in 16 cases, and in 4 (11.2 per cent) the patients were in a state of coma when first seen. Complications occurred in 20 cases (55.6 per cent). The anatomical distribution of the lesions was as follows: head and neck, 20 cases (55.5 per cen...


In the middle of the sixth century CE the Greek monk Cyril of Scythopolis withdrew to the famous monastery of Sabas in the Kidron Valley to the south-east of Jerusalem in order to write biographies of the most influential Palestinian desert fathers. In this article the author investigates the formative role the Bible played in the way Cyril pictured these Christian heroes of ascetism and the crucial role his desert hermeneutics played in the way he reads Scripture.


This paper demonstrates that unit root tests can suffer from inflated Type I error rates when data are cointegrated. Results from Monte Carlo simulations show that three commonly used unit root tests – the ADF, Phillips-Perron, and DF-GLS tests – frequently overreject the true null of a unit root for at least one of the cointegrated variables. The reason for this overrejection is that unit root tests, designed for random walk data, are often misspecified when data are cointegrated. While the addition of lagged differenced (LD) terms can eliminate the size distortion, this "success" is spurious, driven by collinearity between the lagged dependent variable and the LD explanatory variables. Accordingly, standard diagnostics such as (i) testing for serial correlation in the residuals and (ii) using information criteria to select among different lag specifications are futile. The implication of these results is that researchers should be conservative in the weight


Andhra Pradesh has a huge stock of canal irrigation systems that suffer from poor maintenance and reduced performance. The roots of the maintenance problems are structural and relate to perverse incentive structures and poor management. In 1997, the state of Andhra Pradesh initiated a bold experiment aimed at restructuring irrigation operation and maintenance (O&M) across the state. The new irrigation law was passed and 10,000 water user associations (WUAs) created. WUA received control over a portion of the maintenance budget and power to prioritize and supervise small-scale maintenance work sin their areas. These steps changed radically the service relationships and governance mechanisms which control maintenance service provision. According to one evaluation, the changes resulted in a significant expansion in irrigated area, reduced flooding losses and an earlier cropping calendar as a result of improved drainage, and higher paddy yields. However, Major and lift irrigation sources are higher levels of fixed costs and Minor and medium sources are having higher levels of variable costs as cash expenditure. At gross returns level, which explains the productivity per acre is highest in medium and minor sources. At farm business income level verification the major and lift irrigation sources are higher levels in comparison with medium and minor sources. So there is a Need for effective institutional mechanisms for the user participation under different sources of irrigation.


Thymoquinone (TQ) has been proved to exert wide‐ranging pharmacological activities, with anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, anticonvulsant, antimicrobial, anti‐tumor, and antidiabetic properties. In this study, we investigated the beneficial effects of TQ on a high‐fat diet (HFD)‐induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in C57BL/6 N mice in vivo and free fatty acid (FFA)‐induced human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells in vitro. Further, the underlying mechanisms of TQ to promote hepatic autophagy were also discovered. Data showed that TQ caused (p < 0.01) body weight reduction, improved glucose homeostasis, alleviated hepatosteatosis, and decreased hepatic lipid accumulation related to the induction of autophagy in HFD‐fed mice. In vitro, TQ obviously increased (p < 0.01) autophagic flux in FFA‐induced HepG2 cells and consequently reduced the lipid accumulation in combination with activation of AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 signaling pathways. Moreover, pharmacological inhibition of the AMPK pathway by addition with AMPK inhibitor Compound C (CC) or silence of ULK1 by transfection with siRNA(ULK1) into HepG2 cells reversed these beneficial effects of TQ on triggering hepatic autophagy and reducing lipid accumulation (p < 0.01). Taken together, these results suggested that TQ alleviated hepatic lipid accumulation by triggering autophagy through the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1‐dependent signaling pathway. Our study supports a potential role for TQ in ameliorating NAFLD.


This study investigates spoken production of Indonesian L2 learners of Arabic examined by the frameworks of Local Impairment Hypothesis (LIH) and Missing Surface Inflectional Hypothesis (MSIH). Because the feature strength is absent from L2 learners, LIH claims that they will suffer from impairment at any stages of development. Accordingly, all participants will experience variability in the use of gender agreement. Conversely, MSIH predicts that such impairment L2 learners exhibit is superficial. Based on the view of MSIH, variability occurred in the inflectional surface feature system is because of mapping features to the correct inflected forms. Thirty-two subjects who participated in this study were divided into two distinct groups: intermediate and advanced. Grammaticality Judgment Task was employed to collect the data of knowledge of features, while Sentence Fragment Completion Task was utilised to elicit the use of surface inflected forms. Although the accuracy in the production of inflectional morphology was moderately low, the findings revealed that most subjects were aware of the grammatical features being examined in the study. Eventually, the findings confirm the framework of MSIH and were not in line with LIH claiming that the higher variability will occur in both tasks at any stage of development.


The article traces the history of relations between government organizations and creative artists in the 1950-1970s. Particular attention is paid to the activities of the South Ural Branch of the Union of Artists and Art Foundation, to their material and technical base. The author considers role of Party and government organizations in developing and strengthening the creative unions. He show how uniquely influenced cultural policy on the development of artistic culture of the country and region.


Background : Deep reinforcement learning is actively used for training autonomous and adversarial car policies in a simulated driving environment. Due to the large availability of various reinforcement learning algorithms and the lack of their systematic comparison across different driving scenarios, we are unsure of which ones are more effective for training and testing autonomous car software in single-agent as well as multi-agent driving environments. Aims : A benchmarking framework for the comparison of deep reinforcement learning in a vision-based autonomous driving will open up the possibilities for training better autonomous car driving policies. Furthermore, autonomous cars trained on deep reinforcement learning-based algorithms are known for being vulnerable to adversarial attacks. To guard against adversarial attacks, we can train autonomous cars on adversarial driving policies. How-ever, we lack the knowledge of which deep reinforcement learning algorithms would act as good adversarial agents able to effectively test autonomous cars. Method : To address these challenges, we provide an open and reusable benchmarking framework for systematic evaluation and comparative analysis of deep reinforcement learning algorithms for autonomous and adversarial driving in a single- and multi-agent environment. Using the framework, we perform a comparative study of five discrete and two continuous action space deep reinforcement learning algorithms. We run the experiments in a vision-only high fidelity urban driving simulated environments. Results : The results indicate that only some of the deep reinforcement learning algorithms perform consistently better across single and multi-agent scenarios when trained in a multi-agent-only setting. For example, A3C- and TD3-based autonomous cars perform comparatively better in terms of more robust actions and minimal driving errors in both single and multi-agent scenarios. PPO IMPALA from a discrete action space and DDPG TD3 from a continuous action space show to be effective algorithms for training adversarial agents and exposing failure scenarios in autonomous car software. Conclusions : We conclude that different DRL algorithms exhibit different driving and testing performance in different scenarios, which underlines the need for their systematic comparative analysis. The benchmarking framework proposed in this paper facilitates such a comparison.


The new Member States that joined the EU in 2004 and 2007 have to adopt the euro as soon as they meet the Maastricht criteria since adoption of the euro is part of the requirement for EU accession. Participation in the eurozone is in fact mandatory: the clauses that permitted the United Kingdom and Denmark not to adopt the euro were provided under specific circumstances and were not applicable to the new Member States. Yet, the status of new EU Member States as 'Member States with a derogation' (Art. 122 of the Treaty establishing the European Community, TEC) gives them some leeway in setting the target date. In 2007, Slovenia was the first country of this group that joined the euro-area; Malta and Cyprus followed in 2008; and the latest new Member State to adopt the euro was Slovakia in 2009. For the other CEEC the timing is still unknown; official announcements are not consistent and target dates vary from 2010 to 2015.


The time-dependent wave-packet theory is used to study the tunneling dynamics during photoionization microscopy in a time domain. The results show both the ionized electron current in the time domain and the radial distribution in the spatial domain originate from two contributions: the quantum tunneling ionization of quasi-bound states and the classical above-barrier ionization of continuous states. The two types of ionization exhibit different temporal characters, resulting in a spatial probability distribution which depends on the detection time. For atoms in parallel electric and magnetic fields, the interference narrowing effect is confirmed from two aspects: the linewidth evolution and the electron current distribution. Tunneling ionization reaches its maximum at the point of levels anti-crossing. This makes it possible to observe node structures in the photoionization microscopy of an atom or molecule with strong mixing states.


Pope Paul VI's prediction 10 "Humanae Vitae" that his contemporaries were pa rticularly well disposed to see that the inseparability of the unitive and procreative meanings of the conjugal act precludes contraception has not, in the short term, been borne out, at least if one is guided by the amplified voices of dissenters . It is ironic that a general confidence in people of our day should have had so fragile a basis among so me of the faithful themselves , even those to whom the Church has entrusted the teaching of moral theology. It was precisely to this insepara ble connection between the unitive and procreative meanings of the conjugal act that Cardinal Ratzinger appealed in the " Instruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origins and on the Dignity of Procreation". Many have noted the symmetry between " Humanae Vitae" and the "Instruction on Respect for Life". It is the same principle that forbids separately the unitive from the procreative meanings in contraceptive sex and the separating of the procreative from the unitive in homologous artificial fertilization. In this paper, after reflecting on that principle, I want to consider


Abstract The paper discusses the results of an experimental study aimed at analysing the permanent deformation resistance of stone mastic asphalts designed by means of the conventional as well as the more rational mix design methods and made with electric arc furnace steel slags and coal ash, used in a partial substitution of the natural aggregates. The laboratory investigation concerned the characterization of the physical–mechanical properties of the marginal materials, the mix-design, based on the Bailey method, the volumetric properties and the moisture resistance of the asphalt concretes. The permanent deformation resistance of the mixes has been investigated by means of the repeated load axial and the wheel tracking tests. The results of this study indicate that the aggregate matrix could have a different and strong influence on the mechanical properties, depending on the physical characteristics and the content of the marginal components, as well as on the grading and the volumetric properties of the mix being studied.


A new RFQ is being built as a part of the new EBISLinac at BNL. The RFQ accepts highly charged ions from the EBIS ion source with energy of 17 keV/u and ion currents of up to 10 mA. The operation frequency will be 100.625 MHz. The design had been optimized to get a rather short structure with LRFQ = 3.1 m with moderate electrode voltages of UQ = 70 kV. The resonant insert has a cooled base plate and solid stems and vane-electrodes. The mechanical design is very stiff, with a precise basestructure. The top lid along the RFQ allows installation, alignment, inspection and maintenance. After the mechanical alignment of the electrodes the longitudinal electrode voltage distribution will be adjusted with tuning plates between the stems. The properties of the RFQ, the results of the tuning and the status of the project will be discussed.


Medicinal plants and herbs are largely used due to its wide application in the traditional medicinal system. These plants are the true backbones of a wide range of local health traditions and are largely used in 3 different forms: Curative, promotive and preventive. In rural areas, people depend on local traditional healing systems for their primary healthcare. Several attempts have been made by the researchers to determine the major, minor and trace elemental compositions with respect to human health. In the present study the elemental analysis was carried out for a medicinal plant and a herb collected from Gulbarga and Shivamogga of Karnataka region using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) technique. A total of 09 elements viz. as Mg, K, Ca, Fe, Al, Cr, Mn, Cu and Zn were determined. Among all the elements, the concentration of Ca was recorded as highest in both the herb and medicinal plant followed by K, Mg, Fe, etc. and few elements were at trace level concentration. Monitoring such traditional herb and medicinal plant for elemental concentration is of great importance for physicians, health care professionals, and policymakers in protecting the public from the adverse effects.Medicinal plants and herbs are largely used due to its wide application in the traditional medicinal system. These plants are the true backbones of a wide range of local health traditions and are largely used in 3 different forms: Curative, promotive and preventive. In rural areas, people depend on local traditional healing systems for their primary healthcare. Several attempts have been made by the researchers to determine the major, minor and trace elemental compositions with respect to human health. In the present study the elemental analysis was carried out for a medicinal plant and a herb collected from Gulbarga and Shivamogga of Karnataka region using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) technique. A total of 09 elements viz. as Mg, K, Ca, Fe, Al, Cr, Mn, Cu and Zn were determined. Among all the elements, the concentration of Ca was recorded as highest in both the herb and medicinal plant followed by K, Mg, Fe, etc. and few elements were at trace level concentration. Monitoring such traditional...


ISSN: 2278 – 1323 All Rights Reserved © 2015 IJARCET 1252 Abstract— Microgrid is a combination of multiple DGs like conventional energy, renewable energy sources and load. Microgrid is always operated in parallel with main grid. Microgrid operated in two mode grid connected and islanded. In islanded mode it changes its operational mode to grid connected operation by reconnection to the grid. Traditional method is not suitable for operation therefore; soft synchronization technique is used to control the multiple DGs. The wind is by nature is intermittent. From the simulation study using matlab simulink result shows the dynamic model of diesel generator and wind turbine gives deterministic and reliable reconnection of microgrid. Wind provides maximum generation efficiency and stable operation.


A debate has raged in recent years over whether cells within the bone marrow have the capacity to generate non-hematopoietic, specialized tissue in other organs. Previous reports have studied bone marrow transplantation in adult recipients; most models have found that tissue injury was necessary for organ engraftment of bone marrow and at best low levels of engraftment are seen. In the present study, we show complex ductal epithelial structures in the pancreas completely derived from bone marrow transplanted during the neonatal period in the absence of tissue injury. BRDU labeling showed that epithelial cells lining the ducts and islet cells were cycling at significantly higher levels in the neonatal than in the adult pancreas (P 6 bone marrow cells from male transgeneic GFP mice were injected into female neonatal Nod/Scid/b2M null mice 24 hours after birth through the superficial temporal vein. Two months after bone marrow transplantation, hematopoietic engraftment of donor cells was obtained in all transplanted mice, with 22.3 ±4.9% GFP+ cells observed in the peripheral blood (n=9 mice) and pancreas was analyzed with immunohistochemistry, FISH and confocal microscopy. Co-staining of GFP, with anti-cytokeratin (CK) Ab for epithelium, and FISH for the presence of donor Y chromosome indicated that up to 40% of ducts (mean 8.4%) contained epithelium derived from donor bone marrow. In approximately half of these donor derived ducts, there were clusters of large and small ducts, all expressing GFP as if whole branching structures were derived from donor bone marrow. In addition, 2.5% of islets contained cells that co-expressed GFP and Insulin. Donor derived duct and islet cells did not co-express hematopoietic markers excluding donor blood cell contamination. Unlike pancreatic damage models, no donor derived vascular endothelial cells were found in the study. In contrast, bone marrow transplanted into adult mice rarely generated ductal epithelium (0.7% ducts) or islet cells. These findings indicate that the neonatal period may provide a unique window during which mechanisms exist to recruit transplanted bone marrow to proliferating pancreatic tissue without tissue damage. The data also support that existence in bone marrow of pluripotent stem cells or epithelial precursors that can home to pancreas and differentiate into complex organ specific structures.


The electronic structures including energy band structure, total density of states (TDOS) and projected density of states (PDOS) of In/N codoping anatase TiO2 were investigated by using first-principles. The theoretical calculation showed that In 5s and 5p states are well hybridize with N 2p state, which narrows the band gap considerably and make the valence band broader. Wide valence band could accelerate the mobile of the photo-generated holes. The significantly narrowed band gap and excellent mobility of the photo-generated holes can explain the obvious red shift of the absorption and strong absorption in the visible region observed in experiment.


Abstract. The rhomb-type achromatic prism retarder utilizes the phase difference introduced at the glass–air interface, where the beam of light undergoes total internal reflection. With the proper choice of glass materials and the number of total internal reflection, it is possible to obtain a desired phase difference. The phase difference introduced is also dependent on the angle of incidence of the light beam at the glass–air interface. A small change in angle of incidence causes a considerable change in phase difference. The change in the phase difference introduced with the change in external angle of incidence of the light beam in an achromatic prism-type quarter-wave retarder is studied both theoretically and experimentally. The experimental results obtained are found to be in accordance with the theoretical results.


The Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT) had an immediate need to evaluate the performance characteristics of new asphalt mixtures. The new mixtures included warm mix asphalt (WMA), stone-matrix asphalt (SMA) with recycled asphalt shingles (RAS), and asphalt mixtures containing alternate friction aggregates (diabase, quartzite, and granite). The object of this project was to compare these new mixes and to provide IDOT with guidance on the applicability of the mix designs when implementing these mixtures in the future.


It is a triumph of imagination. Physicists imagined, in their equations, a simpler and more coherent world than the one we observed. They ascribed the difference to a space-filling material. And then they imagined a new particle, the Higgs particle, to make that material. With the discovery, we find that esthetic intuition has not led us astray. The audacity to trust in equations "too beautiful for this world" has paid off.


Partial discharge is one of the early signs of insulation degradation in power equipment. Accurate detection of partial discharge is of great significance to the safe and stable operation of electrical equipment. Most existing researches focus on the analyzing and processing of partial discharge signal waveform to solve the problem of substation noise interference. In this paper, the partial discharge detection problem is transformed into a statistical analysis problem, and the maximum likelihood estimation method in probability statistics is used to achieve the accurate direction of arrival (DOA) estimation of ultra-high frequency partial discharge sources in low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) environment. The simulation and field tests results showed that the proposed method can improve the partial discharge DOA estimation accuracy, especially in the substation environment with high interference and low SNR (signal-to-noise ratio is about 5dB). The DOA estimation accuracy is improved 20% compared to the traditional MUSIC algorithm. This paper provides a new idea for solving the partial discharge detection and DOA estimation problem by using probability and statistics methods.


Applications of a two-wavelength laser scanner for evaluating spatial variations in several material/device parameters WI semiconductors are described. Use of two-wavelength scanning (λ = 1.15 pm and λ = 6328 A) permits excitation and collection of carriers from different depths below the surface of a semiconductor, thereby allowing separation of bulk and near surface (such as a surface junction) characteristics. These characteristics include minority carrier diffusion length, junction recombination, and local variations in photovoltaic effects caused by localized defects, twins and grain boundaries. Laser scanning may be done in two different modes. 1. Carrier generation and collection along the same direction -- in this mode the signal is related to carrier recombination effects. It is shown that the signal due to long wavelength excitation is proportional to the bulk diffusion length. Measurements may be done either on unprocessed substrates using a transparent electrode and capacitive coupling, or following P-N junction formation at the surface. 2. Carrier excitation and collection normal to each other -- this mode is used in unprocessed substrates (single or polycrystalline) to determine lateral variations in the internal fields arising from such effects as impurity inhomogeneities and grain boundaries.


Meta-Representational Competence as an Aspect of Spatial Intelligence Mary Hegarty (email@example.com) Department of Psychology, University of California, Santa Barbara Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA Abstract Using Representations Meta-representational competence (diSessa, encompasses ability to choose the optimal external representation for a task and to use novel external representations productively. Research on this aspect of spatial intelligence reveals large individual differences in ability to adaptively choose and use external visual-spatial representations for a task. This research suggests that we should not just think of interactive external visualizations as ways of augmenting spatial intelligence, but also consider the types of intelligence that are required for their use. Keywords: Spatial ability; intelligence; external representations. Introduction The concept of spatial intelligence brings to mind measures of individual differences in spatial ability, which measure performance in tasks (e.g., mental rotation, paper folding) involving the storage and manipulation of internal spatial representations While this is certainly a central aspect of spatial intelligence, with developments in information technologies, spatial thinking increasingly involves interacting with external visualizations. For example, medical students now learn three dimensional (3- D) anatomy by interacting with computer visualizations that they can rotate at will, scientists gain insight into their data by visualizing and interacting with multidimensional plots, and chemists use a variety of external representations, including 3-D physical and virtual models and 2-D diagrams, to reason about the structures and reactive properties of molecules. While new technologies are typically seen as means of augmenting human intelligence, this paper considers the ways in which they also make new demands on our intelligence. diSessa (2004) coined the term meta-representational competence to encompass ability to choose the optimal external representation for a task, use novel external representations productively, and invent new representations as necessary. This competence goes beyond the capacity to understand the conventions of a particular type of representation (such as a graph, map, or diagram). It is a form of metacognition about visual-spatial displays. diSessa was mostly concerned with children's native representational competence in using and inventing scientific representations, and how to foster this in instruction. In this paper, I consider meta-representational competence as a component of adult spatial intelligence. In one line of research inspired by the use of new technologies in medicine, I and my colleagues have found large individual differences in use of interactive visualizations (Cohen & Hegarty, 2007; Keehner, Hegarty, Cohen, Khooshabeh & Montello 2008; Stull, Hegarty & Mayer, 2009). In a series of studies, participants were given the opportunity to manipulate a virtual 3-D object while accomplishing a spatial task, namely inferring the appearance of a cross section of the 3-D object. On each cross section trial, participants were shown a picture of the 3-D object with a line drawn through it, and an arrow pointing to the line and their task was to draw the cross section that would result if the object were sliced at the line and one was viewing the cross section from the direction of the arrow. The most common use of the virtual object was to rotate it to the view of the object that one would see if one was viewing it from the perspective of the arrow. Rotating the external visualization in this way relieves the participant of the need to mentally rotate the object or mentally change his or her perspective with respect to the object. Participants who used the model in this way had better performance, but many students did not use the model. In general, there were large individual differences in ability to discover how to best use the virtual object, ability to actually manipulate it, and ability to benefit from the most task-relevant view of the object. We are finding similar results in current studies on use of 3-D models in chemistry (Stull, Hegarty, Dixon & Stieff, submitted). In these studies the task (for chemistry students) is to translate between different diagrams of molecules that use different conventions to depict the 3-D structure of molecules in the two dimensions of the printed page, and depict the molecule from different spatial perspectives. On each trial participants are given one diagram of a molecule and their task is to draw a different diagram of the same molecule. The most common use of the model is to first match it to the perspective of the given diagram, then rotate it to match the perspective of the diagram to be drawn, and then draw this diagram. However, when they are provided with a concrete 3-D model of the molecule, many students do not use the model and perform poorly on the representation translation task. These studies indicate that ability to use an external representation is not always a given, and provide evidence for individual differences in adult meta-representational competence.


Intensive studies following the 2008 Wenchuan and 2013 Lushan earthquakes have shown that these two events have changed stresses on major faults in eastern Tibetan Plateau. However, these stress changes are small perturbations to total stresses on these faults. To evaluate full stress evolution on faults and the associated earthquake hazard, we need to consider the effects of all regional large earthquakes and tectonic stressing on faults. Here we use a three‐dimensional viscoelastoplastic finite element model to investigate stress evolution and long‐term temporal patterns of seismicity on major faults in eastern Tibet. We first simulate stress changes due to coseismic slips and postseismic viscoelastic stress relaxation by regional 28 big earthquakes since 1327 and find that nine events, including the Wenchuan earthquake, occurred where Coulomb stress was decreased by the preceding events. We then evaluate interseismic stressing rates using the geodynamic model and GPS data and find the highest rate on Xianshuihe fault (~1,000–4,950 Pa/yr) and the lowest rate on Longmenshan fault (~150–1,133 Pa/yr). Including interseismic stressing in stress evolution shows that the Wenchuan earthquake ruptured where Coulomb stress had increased since 1327 and stresses on southern Xianshuihe and central Anninghe faults would have reached prerupture stress levels of their preceding ruptures. Finally, we analyze synthetic seismicity on faults and find that earthquakes on each fault tend to occur in clusters, separated by quiescent periods whose lengths are inversely related with fault slip rates. The time spans of earthquake clusters are affected by fault slip rates, fault configuration, and rheology.


Management information system should be adopted in modern teaching management.MIS Exam-Question-Bank Management System has the functions of curriculum,exam-question-bank,exam-paper and user managements.It can not only make the exam-paper management work standardized,systematized,procedural but also enhance the efficiency.


It often appears that everything that could be written has been written with regard to the 1890s competition between alternating current (ac) and direct current (dc) electric power systems. Much is inaccurate and, unfortunately, is repeated ad infinitum. One factor that all writers, both popular and scholarly, overlook is that the issue was not resolved in a single event nor was it immediate. The ac systems that ultimately prevailed required decades of research and development prior to universal application.


In the literature on nuclear proliferation, some argue that further proliferation decreases interstate conflict, some say that it increases interstate conflict, and others indicate a non-linear relationship between these two factors. However, there has been no systematic empirical investigation on the relationship between nuclear proliferation and a propensity for conflict at the interstate–systemic level. To fill this gap, the current paper uses the machine learning method Random Forests, which can investigate complex non-linear relationships between dependent and independent variables, and which can identify important regressors from a group of all potential regressors in explaining the relationship between nuclear proliferation and the propensity for conflict. The results indicate that, on average, a larger number of nuclear states decrease the systemic propensity for interstate conflict, while the emergence of new nuclear states does not have an important effect. This paper also notes, however, that scholars should investigate other risks of proliferation to assess whether nuclear proliferation is better or worse for international peace and security in general.


One decision worth reconsidering is the form in which equity investments are held. Taxpayers could acquire equity investments in a tax-sheltered form by holding them in their individual retirement accounts (IRAs), or these investments could be acquired in a non-tax-sheltered form by purchasing them outside of an IRA (i.e., taxable account). This article considers mathematical models to evaluate this choice, taking into account the three types of IRAs that exist: Roth IRAs, deductible traditional IRAs, and nondeductible traditional IRAs. Break-even graphs are also presented to illustrate the mathematical models' implications more explicitly. The results show that, even with a lower tax rate on dividends and capital gains, ownership of equities through a Roth IRA is still more advantageous than through a taxable account, and the same is often true for deductible traditional IRAs. However, the choice between a Roth IRA and deductible traditional IRA is less obvious. While qualified Roth IRA distributions are tax-free, they do not provide the initial tax savings that traditional IRA provides when deducting a contribution to it.


Pompe disease, also known as acid maltase deficiency, is a rare, autosomal-recessive disorder in which a deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme acid alpha-glucosidase (GAA) leads to impaired metabolism and breakdown of glycogen. Whereas infantile Pompe disease is typically multisystemic, the adult-onset disease form typically is dominated by skeletal muscle weakness affecting proximal limb - girdle musculature and respiration muscles. The rarity of the disease means that a high index …


Phenylfluorone can react with germanium to form an orange-red complex in the medium of hydrochloric acid.Using Phenylfluorone as colour developing reagent and Tween-80 as surfactant,germanium content in vegetable was determined by pectrophotometry.The wave-length was 512 nm and optimium experiment conditions were confirmed.Vegetable was digested by HNO3-H2O2 and the content of germanium was 1.54 μg/g.


The refrigeration industry in this country has been having a rough time for the past ten years, and "only now", it is hoped, is it "poised on the edge of a great leap forward into the biggest untapped market in Europe".


A representation of the Quantum Toroidal Algebra of type sl(N) is constructed on every irreducible integrable highest weight module of the Quantum Affine Algebra of type gl(N). As an intermediate step in the construction, we obtain a quantum analogue of the classical level-rank duality, describing the reciprocal decomposition of the q-Fock space with respect to mutually commutative actions of U_q(gl(N)^) of level L, and U_q(sl(L)^) of level N.


In China, there are a large number of aged pulverized coal (PC) boilers at aging utility power plants. Many of them are beyond their reasonable working life or in a condition of unreliable operation, low combustion efficiency, and serious air pollution. It is very important and urgent to retrofit the aged PC boilers, and repower the aging utility power plants in China. Circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boilers have been developed rapidly, and paid great attention to in China. There are many striking advantages to retrofit an aged boiler with a CFB boiler. The retrofitting is suitable to meet the needs of effective utilization of low-grade coal, reducing SO{sub 2} and NO{sub x} emissions and repowering an aging power plant. The cost is much lower than that of building a new CFB unit. The National Laboratory of Coal Combustion (NLCC) has always paid great attention to studying and developing CFB combustion technology in connection with Chinese national conditions, and has evolved distinguishing technology features of its own. This paper introduces a new design concept of retrofitting PC boiler into Pi ({Pi}-shaped) CFB boiler with downward exhaust cyclone, and relevant research work and results of design and calculation.


In the beer yeast culture when adding KH_(2)PO_(4) at the levels of 6.804,13.610,27.216 g/L and CaCl_(2) the levels of at 66.39,138.75,277.4 mg/L,the dynamic changes of six organic acids produced were determined and analyzed.The result showed that K~(+) and Ca~(2+)might functionally modify and regulate the protein in the yeast cell membrane and the enzyme involved with metabolic flux in the metabolic network.As a result,different K~+ and Ca~(2+) concentrations influenced the acids peak area and relevant retention time.In the aerobic fermentation,lactic acid accumulated severely(up to 8.3 mg/mL),whereas very little amber acid was produced(no more than 250 μg/mL).The final tartaric acid and amber acid decreased with the increase of K~(+) and Ca~(2+)concentrations.


The article presents a feeding device designed for a cooling lubricant technological tool and an automatic control system for controlling the temperature mode of parts when milling. The device implements a new method of separate cooling and lubrication of the cutting area with sprayed liquid and ionized gas. To develop the device, an engineering-physical search design method is used, which makes it possible to obtain a set of possible options of technical solutions for the desired device and determine the most promising options for the design implementation. The method is based on constructing a model of the physical principle of operation using application software. The design of the new device is developed, mathematical modeling is performed, and the parameters of the transfer function of the automatic temperature control system are calculated. The proposed device can increase the efficiency of machining when milling workpieces and make a significant improvement to working conditions by reducing the content of harmful impurities in the air.


Female bovine reproduction relies upon the health state of its reproductive system. Morphometry plays an important role in anatomic description and provides important data for reproductive health assessment. The aim of this study was to provide morphometric data of the main components of the adult female bovine reproductive apparatus, following 11 parameters (right and left ovary length and width, right and left oviduct lengths, uterine horns length, uterine body length, cervix length, vaginal length). The samples for this study were collected from 5 cows of the BAƒlA£atAƒ RomA¢neascAƒ breed, from a local slaughterhouse located in the region of Transylvania. Each reproductive apparatus was examined and measured using a standardized measuring tape. All values were recorded in cm. The registered values regarding the segments of the female genital apparatus in the BAƒlA£atAƒ RomA¢neascAƒ cow breed, are generally inferior to the means presented by the consulted literature, in the case of the oviduct, the uterine horn, the cervix and the vagina, but correspond to them in the case of the uterine body. The dimensions of the ovaries partially reflect literature data, but show a great fluctuation, due to the plasticity of this organ according to the sexual cycle of the cow.


Existing fault recording analysis system software for generator-transformer set has some shortages, such as stand-alone mode, lack of commonality and analysis function, etc. Aiming at this, a developed system software based on COM+ is presented. In this paper, the objects and interfaces of each service component are designed, several problems in the process of component deploying are discussed, and the frame of three-layer distributed system is formed. The application of this software will improve the running personnel's ability of fault analysis and estimation, and also make good condition for the realization of distributed application and fault information networking.


Weed seeds of sweet clover ( Melilotus indica L .) were evaluated alone or in combination with sodium chloride (NaCl) for their effects on germination and seedling growth of rice. The seed germination of rice was affected significantly when weed seeds were incorporated with 0.4% NaCl solution. It was observed that weed seeds alone and with 0.2% NaCl had significant effect on shoot length. Similarly, a 0.4% NaCl alone or in combination with weed seeds reduced the shoot length. The root length was also reduced by application of weed seeds alone and in combination with NaCl. It was also observed that root length was affected more than the shoot.


With the development of network technique , the application systems based on distributed computing mode have been paid much attention nowadays. This paper describes how to deal with data communication more efficiently on distributed systems using Winsock and puts forward an '' requests queuing "algorithm to handle various kinds of data access requests in a distributed computing mode. It also analyses and emphasizes all the fundamental aspects of distributed computing mode , and gives some advices on how to apply appropriate error handling and messaging techniques in order to enhance the system reliability.


From 1970 through 1981 232 women with breast cancer (190 with T1 N0 M0 and 242 with T2 N0 M0 disease) received postoperative radiotherapy . The usual surgical procedure was simple mastectomy with axillary lymph node dissection. The chest wall was irradiated using 137Caesium up to 40 Gy, while supraclavicular, infraclavicular and axillary lymph node areas were irradiated using 5,7 MeV photons up to 45 Gy. The rate of local recurrence was 2,4% and 3,3% in stage T1 and T2 respectively. The corresponding projected ten-year-survival was 88% and 78%, respectively. These data and results obtained by others may strengthen the grounds for recommending conservative surgical approaches in early stage breast cancer, in combination with tumoricidal radiotherapy, individualized according to the anatomic tumor site.


Theoretical results of ultrasonic light diffraction using a narrow light beam whose intensity profile is Gaussian or square are described. As the beam width becomes narrower, instantaneous diffraction patterns for square beams show a complicated transition procss from diffraction to deflection, as compared with a smooth transition for Gaussian beams. Using a very narrow light beam, the angle of beam deflection cannot be determined from the time-averaged diffraction pattern, but can be determined from the instantaneous diffraction pattern.


The utility model discloses a light emitting diode (LED) corn lamp, which comprises a lamp head, a lamp holder, a support column and a group of light arms, wherein one end of the lamp holder is connected with the lamp head, the other end of the lamp seat is connected with the support column, the group of the light arms are rotatably connected on the tail end of the support column, and are distributed around the support column, the light arms comprise a base, a group of LED lamp beads and a lampshade, the LED lamp beads are arranged on the base, and are electrically connected with the lamp head through conductive wires, through holes which are used for the conductive wires to pass through are arranged in the support columns, and the lampshade is arranged on the base and covers the LED lamp beads into the base. The light arms and the support column are rotatably connected, and users can change angles and positions of light arms according to the demands of usage occasions, thereby changing lighting strength and irradiated area, and reducing use cost of users.


Quasiequilibrium sequences of binary neutron stars are numerically calculated in the framework of the Isenberg-Wilson-Mathews (IWM) approximation of general relativity. The results are presented for both rotation states of synchronized spins and irrotational motion, the latter being considered as the realistic one for binary neutron stars just prior to the merger. We assume a polytropic equation of state and compute several evolutionary sequences of binary systems composed of different-mass stars as well as identical-mass stars with adiabatic indices gamma=2.5, 2.25, 2, and 1.8. From our results, we propose as a conjecture that if the turning point of binding energy (and total angular momentum) locating the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO) is found in Newtonian gravity for some value of the adiabatic index gamma_0, that of the ADM mass (and total angular momentum) should exist in the IWM approximation of general relativity for the same value of the adiabatic index.


Abstract : This document briefly summarizes the results of updating the Ambulatory Work Unit (AWU) weights using FY 1990 Medical Expense and Performance Reporting System (MEPRS) ambulatory cost and visit data. In addition, the impact of updating from weights based on FY 1985 MEPRS cost and visit data, in terms of computed ambulatory workload at the workcenter, facility, and peer group level was reviewed.


Creating of web application and corresponding information architecture is often associated with social informatics. It clearly lays at the crossing of the ICT and social sciences, especially because effective information architectures enable people to find content quickly, easily and intuitively. Model Driven Architecture (MDA) technique is initiated by the Object Management Group (OMG), based on separation of concerns. It describes the system functionality in platform independent model (PIM) and also describes the implementation of this functionality using platform specific model (PSM), where the transformation process from PIM to PSM is done automatically using QVT model transformation language. To overcome the large scale web application system complexity, model-driven web engineering is used to automate web application using models to describe web site in different abstraction level. The automation in existing web development methods could be enhanced using MDA technique. This paper provides proposed mechanism to enhance Web Site Design Method (WSDM) method by applying MDA technique. The proposed mechanism enhances WSDM from conceptual modeling approach to MDA modeling approach by profiling the conceptual model of WSDM with the new user-interest profile. This redesigned conceptual model is used as PIM model. The proposed mechanism adds generic PSM to the implementation model of WSDM. We use QVT model transformation language to automate the mapping specification from PIM to PSM. Our method is called WSDM using MDA (WSDMDA).


Purwodadi Botanical Garden has more than one hundred collection of cultivated bananas. The major problem in keeping their existency is  the occuring of  Fusarium wilt disease  which was commonly controlled by pesticide or eradication to terminate the infectious cycles. Trichoderma and Gliocladium were frequently used as antagonist fungus in controlling the Fusarium wilt disease in kenaf, tomato or  the other plants. So,  this study aims was to know the  potency of Trichoderma and Gliocladium on Fusarium growth inhibition. The experimental design was done by Randomized Complete Design Factorial using three factors i.e. antagonist fungus, Fusarium and growth distance. The level of retardation was measured by the growth distance of Fusarium  that interacted to antagonist fungus and data analysis were conducted  by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results showed that Trichoderma has higher inhibition than Gliocladium and the highest inhibition occurred at 1 cm  distance of inoculum which was performed on Fusarium 4 (77.78%). There was not any significant differencies between Fusarium 1 with Trichoderma (73.55%) and Fusarium 2 with Gliocladium (73.33%). At 2 cm distance, the highest inhibition occurred in Fusarium 3 by Trichoderma (72.71%), which  was not significantly different with Fusarium 1, 2 and 4. While at 3 cm distance, the highest inhibition on Fusarium 4 by Trichoderma  was 51.11% and not significantly different from Fusarium 1, 2 and 3.


Preface Acknowledgments List of Acronyms Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: The Law of Employment Discrimination Chapter 3: The Law of Special Education: Preschool-12 Chapter 4: Postsecondary Education Chapter 5: Access and Accommodation Chapter 6: Transportation Chapter 7: Housing Chapter 8: Voting Chapter 9: Conclusion Appendix: National and State Resources Index About the Authors


Much attention has been paid to 3-nitro-1, 2, 4-triazol-5-one (NTO) as a high energy and low sensitivity energetic material. Its metal salts also have some potential uses in ammunition. Therefore the authors prepared the single crystal of copper (Ⅱ) salt of NTO, measured its structure and studied its thermal decomposition mechanism.


Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of structurally related ZnII-dependent hydrolytic enzymes involved in the breakdown of the extracellular matrix.[1] MMPs are secreted as zymogens, and are activated by cleavage of the propeptide domain by proteases, other MMPs, or by reactive oxygen species (ROS). In particular, the activation of MMPs by ROS during ischemia-induced inflammatory response leads to the breakdown of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) resulting in edema and cell death.[2,3] The strong correlation between ROS-activation of MMPs and the disruption of the BBB has led to several studies on the use of MMP inhibitors (MMPi) as therapeutics for treating reperfusion injury associated with stroke.[4] Inhibition of MMPs after stroke with a variety of broad-spectrum MMPi have shown that MMP inhibition greatly reduced ischemic brain injury.[5,6] While the use of MMPi to reduce the effects of BBB disruption following stroke has been clearly established, the major challenge for MMPi in this area is the need for temporal and spatial control of their inhibitory activity.[7]


Materials used and general concepts cutting braiding net mending notes on the making and mounting of net sections specialized repairs on different nets.


The following materials introduce the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods. They (1) describe the Convention in a nutshell, (2) summarize the reasons why attorneys and their clients should know something about the Convention, (3) analyze when the Convention is applicable, and (4) suggest ways to adjust contract forms and contracting practices to take into account the Convention's provisions.


As the core content in the construction of a new socialist countryside,production development has a close connection with farmland transfer.Normative and orderly farmland transfer contributes to the development of the rural economy,and the improvement of the rural landscape and the income of peasants.However,due to historical and realistic reasons,it is still facing many difficulties.Therefore,we should improve the speed and efficiency of rural land transfer from the ideas,system construction,policy implementation,and follow-up services in order to obtain better development.


Diabetes is one of the major causes of premature illness and death worldwide. The prevalence of diabetes has reached epidemic proportions. The work is a study of the molecular electrostatic potential via molecular mechanics of the D-Pinitol found in the Bougainvillea species, a Nyctaginaceae. A computational study of the molecular geometry of the D-pinitol through Mm+ method of the hypoglycemic compounds present in Bougainvillea species is described in a computer simulation. It is a active antidiabetic agent compounds. The study the cyclitol resembles the hooks weed bur plant Asteraceae, it showed up as appearance of a bur molecule. Probably bind to sugar molecules contained in the blood, through hydrogen bonds.


The conformation change of pauci-chain polystyrene microsphere (micro-PS) upon heating was investigated by in-situ FTIR. For the peaks at 1492 and 1452 cm-1 due to phenyl ring semicircle stretch, there are two discontinuities in the plots of peak height versus temperature. The first discontinuity at around 100 °C corresponds to the glass transition. The second discontinuity at about 155 °C is in good agreement with the second exotherm in the first DSC scan, which clearly suggests a non-negligible change of the chain conformation at this temperature. This finding may be of help in further illustrating the two exotherms of micro-PS in its first DSC scan.


Algebra is a kind of compulsory course suited to science and engineering specialization in university,of which advanced algebra is the basic subject for mathematics and linear algebra is the compulsory course for economics,management and engineering.Based on the present development of algebra in local engineering university,the teaching content concerning algebra course is integrated in a manner of modularization and the combined teaching methods are also presented for different teaching programs and under various professional needs.


The development of a method for setting standards of clinical supervision is described in this article. It is the first of a series of articles addressing the development of accreditation procedures for St Loye's School of Occupational Therapy, Exeter. The importance of the formal recognition of clinical experience for future developments in education for occupational therapy is discussed.


Objective To compare changes in wavefront aberrations on the anterior and posterior corneal surfaces after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy (LASEK) for myopia,especially for spherical aberrations,coma,trefoil and total higher order aberrations.Methods A prospective study was designed for 68 eyes of 34 patients who had undergone LASIK and LASEK.The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the procedure used.An oculyzer analytical system was used to measure corneal aberrations before and after surgery.Data were analyzed using ANOVA,independent samples t test and pearson correlation.Results One and 3 months after surgery,spherical aberrations and total higher-order aberrations of the anterior corneal surface in the LASIK group increased (P<0.01),but the differences at 1 month and 3 months were not significant (P>0.05).The same results occurred in the LASEK group for spherical aberrations,coma and total higher-order aberrations of the anterior corneal surface.Spherical aberrations and total higher-order aberrations of the anterior corneal surface were higher in the LASIK group than in the LASEK group 1 month after surgery (P<0.01),and the same tendency was found 3 months after surgery.However,coma aberrations on the anterior corneal surface in the LASIK group were less than those in the LASEK group at any time after surgery (P<0.05).No differences were found in trefoil aberrations on the anterior corneal surface during both procedures (P>0.05).Furthermore,the amount of correction achieved was positively correlated to these changes.Wavefront aberrations on the posterior corneal surface remained constant with both procedures and there were no differences when the procedures were compared (P>0.05).Conclusion Spherical aberrations,coma and total higher-order aberrations on the anterior corneal surface increased after both procedures,and did not recover until the 3 month after surgery.The changes in spherical aberrations and total higher-order aberrations on the anterior corneal surface were higher in the LASIK group than in the LASEK group,and depended on correction achieved in both procedures.The two procedures had no effect on wavefront aberrations on the posterior corneal surface.

Key words:
Corneal aberrations; Keratomileusis; Photorefractive keratectomy; Optical quality


ABSTRACT Intra-regional trade since the last decades of the 20th century has been substantially affected by a group of factors, particularly through China´s increasing presence in practically all existing trading blocs. The analysis discusses China´s strategy beyond the current trade war (a process of globalization with Chinese characteristics) in terms of trade and its important role in the North American region in terms of trade and its composition. From this perspective, China has played a substantial role in understanding the increasing disintegration of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) since the 21st century.


The Circassian community in Iraq has been threatened for decades because of the political and socioeconomic situation and changes in the country. The fall of Saddam Hussein's regime due to the United States' military campaign, the conflict between the international military forces led by the USA and the local Islamist militants, and finally the rise of the Islamic Statehave threatened the fragile Iraqi status quo and affected the recent living conditions of the Circassians. This paper will attempt to examine the current situation of the Circassians focusing the attention on the effect which the recent Iraqi conflict and the war against Daesh have had on this community. Furthermore, this research aims at describing the efforts of the Circassian community to promote their social and political activities and defendthe community's identity, the historical and linguistic background, and the traditions.


JANUARY / FEBRUARY 2018 Following Harvey's strike on Texas in late August, hurricanes continued to dominate United States weather headlines in September. First, the eye of Category 5 Hurricane Irma passed just north of the northern United States Virgin Islands on September 6, battering Saint Thomas and Saint John, while grazing Puerto Rico and the primary southern United States Virgin Island of Saint Croix. Later, after tracking roughly parallel to the northern coast of Cuba, Irma made a sharp right turn, passing through the Florida Keys as a Category 4 storm on the morning of September 10. Irma's final landfall occurred on Marco Island, Florida, during the afternoon of September 10, when the storm featured Category 3 winds. On September 10–11, wind, rain, and flooding associated with Irma's remnants spread throughout Florida's peninsula and into Georgia, resulting in widespread power outages; infrastructural damage; and losses for a variety of commodities, including citrus, sugarcane, pecans, and cotton. Little more than a week later, on September 20, Category 5 Hurricane Maria passed just south of Saint Croix in the United States Virgin Islands, and—after weakening slightly to a high-end Category 4 storm—made a direct hit on Puerto Rico. Maria, which cut all power to Puerto Rico and caused substantial wind and flood damage, brought longterm agricultural devastation in the form of damaged or destroyed buildings, as well as near-total losses of plantation and orchard crops, such as bananas, plantains, coffee, and citrus. Unlike weatherwatch


The cultural ecology research in Chinese literature shows that literature researchers attempt to explain the literature generating, development and evolution. Factors such as race, era and system are important angles about which the studies of cultural ecology and literature are very much concerned. The artistic analysis of literature texts, "the returning to historical fields" in literature activities, and the thinking of how Chinese literature becomes known in the world need to take into account the cultural ecology.


Courses Fathia Alabau-Boussouria Indirect control and inverse problems for coupled systems of hyperbolic PDE's Michiel van den Berg Applications of Brownian motion techniques to elliptic and parabolic PDE Umberto Biccari Control problems for non-local PDE Friedmann Brock Francesco Chiacchio Weighted rearrangements, isoperimetry and symmetry Dorin Bucur Spectral optimization and free discontinuity problems Giuseppe Buttazzo Optimization problems for shapes and for potentials Piermarco Cannarsa Singularities of solutions to Hamilton-Jacobi equations for optimal control problems Pierre Cardaliaguet On the optimal control of the Fokker-Planck equation and the master equation Jean-Michel Coron Some tools to study the controllability of a control system and to stabilize it Bernard Dacorogna The pullback equation for volume and symplectic forms Guido De Philippis Quantitative stability inequalities in shape optimization: an approach via regularity estimates Mario di Bernardo Distributed control of large scale complex systems: theory and applications Giuseppe Floridia Carleman estimates for transport equations and their applications to inverse problems Ilaria Fragalà The road of some inequalities from Convex Geometry to Calculus of Variations Elisa Francini The inverse conductivity problem Filippo Gazzola Shape optimization for the stability of plates modeling suspension bridges Pierre-Louis Lions Optimal planning in MFG Alessio Porretta PDE systems in mean field games Paolo Salani Envelopes, rearrangements and geometry of solutions to elliptic PDEs Bruno Siciliano Robot Modelling and Control Eric Soccorsi An Introduction to Borg-Levinson Inverse Spectral Theory Susanna Terracini Liouville theorems and a priori estimates for linear and nonlinear degenerate/singular PDEs and applications Emmanuel Trélat Shape optimization of controllability, observability and stabilizability for some PDEs Bozhidar Velichkov Regularity for free boundary and shape optimization problems Masahiro Yamamoto Inverse problems for evolution equations: uniqueness and stability by Carleman estimates Enrique Zuazua Dynamics and control of some models arising in social and biological sciences


The discovery of

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 resulted from a study1 of the feasibility of neutral helium dimer lasers. These lasers (as with the majority of excimer lasers) operate in a pulse afterglow. Such operation limit the power and efficiency of any potential laser and make the lifetime of the lasing molecule critical to the feasibility. Thus the explanation of wepreviously unassigned intense continua seen during arc discharges was sought as it may lead to an excimer laser that did not suffer the disadvantages of afterglow operation.


Objective To explore the application of tumor markers AFP,CA125,CA199 and CEA in diagnosis and treatment for the patiants with viral hepatitis and liver cirrhosis,and estimate the values of 4 indicators in judgement of liver damage degree and early detection of liver cancer.Methods Automatic electrochemical technology of light was used to detect the serum AFP,CA125,CA199 and CEA levels in 102 patients with liver diseases(55 cases of chroic hepatitis,of which mild 24 cases,moderate 21 cases,severe 10 cases;47 cases of liver cirrhosis following hepatitis)and 22 healthy subjects.Results The AFP and CA199 levels in patients with chronic hepatitis were obviously higher than those in control group,the AFP levels in mild,moderate,and severe groups were 2.8,4.8,and 20.0 μg·L-1,the CA199 levels were 12.20,18.40 and 39.10 U·mL-1,it had a rising trend with disease progression(P 0.05);the CA125 levels in chronic hepatitis patients were 7.95,18.08 and 54.32 U·mL-1,the CA125 levels in moderate and severe groups were higher than that in control group,the difference was statistically significant(P 0.05);but there was no statistically significant difference between moderate and server groups(P 0.05).The positive rates of AFP,CA199,and CA125 in patients with liver cirrhosis were 27.7%,55.3%,and 65.9%,and they were higher than those in hepatitis group(10.9%,25.5%,29.1%)(P 0.05).The positive rate of CEA had no significant difference between hepatitis and liver cirrhosis groups(P0.05).The AFP,CA199,and CA125 in the patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis were 20.05 μg·L-1,53.03 U·mL-1,and 144.80 U·mL-1,and they were significantly higher than those in compenstatory cirrhosis(14.45 μg·L-1,24.45 U·mL-1,and 30.10 U·mL-1)(P 0.05).Conclusion The AFP and CA199 levels are increaesd with the degree of liver damage,and they can be used as evaluation index of the non-invasive diagnosis of liver damage.For viral hepatitis and liver cirrhosis patients with AFP rising,dynamic monitoring of AFP level has the important meaning for early detection of liver cancer.CA125 can be used to identify compensatory cirrhosis with decompensated cirrhosis,and has early diagnosis value in trace ascites.


To protect the natural environment, we will introduce the use of lead-free solder instead of the current tin-lead solder in the assembly of printed circuit boards in electronics equipment. During the transition to lead-free soldering, these two types of solders will be used in combination in joints. After the transition, a new element, bismuth, from components will contaminate the lead-free solder joints. We investigated the two types of solder through dynamic mechanical examination and concluded that lead-free solder can be used in combination with the current tin-lead solder and on its own to form sufficiently reliable joints.


In this paper,we investigate a class of cookie-cutter-like(CCL) sets. Using the density theory ,we find their corresponding measures are equivalent. And what's more,we give some statistical interpretation on their dimensions and measures.


It was compared that the provisions about seismic fortification aims,response spectrum earthquake action and design method between Eurocode 8(2003 edition) and Chinese seismic design code for buildings(2001 edition) in this paper.The meaning of behavior factor in EC8 was introduced and its effects were discussed.


Think about how much attention has been focused on cosmetic dentistry over the last few years, thanks in part to the popularity of "extreme makeover" television shows and the growing use of at-home whitening products. America's population of aging baby boomers sees cosmetic dentistry as a way to turn back the hands of time. And today's younger generation is increasingly willing to invest in their appearance. Yet even with the public's increased awareness of cosmetic procedures, many dentists still find it difficult to incorporate cosmetic procedures into their practices. Basic restorations, crown and bridge, and dentures still represent the mainstay for many practices. This means there is still significant room for growth in cosmetic and other elective procedures. Levin Group believes practices should derive 22% or more of production from cosmetic and elective services.


Changes in the shape of cars due to impact in crash tests are determined from the deformation vectors of points located in specific positions on the car. The coordinates of these points are measured before as well as after the test. Costs and measurement time can be significantly reduced by automated dimensional inspection with digital photogrammetry. This paper reports on a pilot test in which the measurement of a car prepared for a crash test was performed under practical conditions. It was shown that an accuracy of 1 mm in each coordinate axis within a measurement volume of 5 X 2 X 2 m3 can be achieved under factory- floor conditions with low-cost CCD cameras. A high level of automation and robustness was demonstrated. The measurements were performed in a very short time with model-driven techniques.


We aren't referring to just lean manufacturing techniques but rather to applying a specific lean enterprise technology. This technology is both a business model and a collection of tool sets designed to eliminate wasted activity throughout a company's product delivery system (PDS)—everything from the end customer, back through distribution, production, design, and supply channels. In other words, efficiently using all resources to deliver maximum value to customers.


Copyright: © 2012 Ghose R. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Obesity is a major health problem in the United States and worldwide. About 30% of the population in the US is obese (Body Mass Index [BMI]>30 kg/m2), while ~5% of the population is morbidly obese (BMI >40 kg/m2) [1,2]. Obesity and morbid obesity are associated with changes in metabolism and clearance of drugs. This can increase the risks of adverse drug reactions and drug-drug interactions in obese individuals.


Kang Youwei lived a complicated and legendary life, and his cultural personality was full of multiplicity and contradictions, which was endowed by his time. A thorough and detailed study of his cultural personality can help us understand Kang Youwei and his era.


It is well known that the adhesion strength of metal plating film on Al substrate should be remarkably improved by introducing double zincate treatment as a pretreatment process for metal plating on Al. At each step of alkaline etching, desmutting, the first zincate treatment, HNO3 dipping, and the second zincate treatment in the double zincate process, depth profiles and the chemical state of the surface elements were extensively measured by XPS. A set of surface structure models in the process was proposed to explain the improvement of the adhesion strength by double zincate treatment.By dipping the first zincate film in HNO3 solution, a granular zinc deposit of about 1 μm thickness, roughly deposited on Al passivation film at the first zincate treatment, was dissolved, and zinc nano-particles were believed to be concurrently formed in the Al passivation film of about 3nm thickness. In the second zincate treatment the nano-particles should be exposed to the second zincate solution to act as nuclei for formation of a highly uniform and thin zinc film. The zinc particles were so close to the metallic Al substrate, that Dipolar coupling such as Alδ+…Oδ&minus…Znδ+ would act to improve the adhesion strength of double zincate film on Al substrate.


The invention discloses a multifunction vehicle window control system, comprising a control circuit equipped with a host processing chip, a vehicle window control signal producing circuit to perform hand control of vehicle windows, a driver door signal detection system to detect whether the driver door is closed, a speed signal detecting circuit to detect the vehicle speed. The output terminal of the speed signal detection circuit is connected with corresponding pins of the host processing chip, and the host processing chip is provided with an auto window shutting down circuit generating a signal controlling the window to be closed when the vehicle speed exceeds the set value. Since the vehicle speed is in real time detected during the vehicle running process, when the vehicle speed achieves the set value, the open windows will be shut down automatically. The method is simple, reliable, easy and can enhance the safety of a high speed vehicle.


By the analysis of SO24-balance and water balance in the ionic membrane caustic soda production system,the main impact factor on mixing ratio of the bittern were discussed,and the effective method to improve the mixing proportion of bittern were put forward and applied.The economic profits was calculated preliminarily,and the result was better.


The article considers the real effects of assumptions and simplifications usually adopted in the calculation of the braking force distribution. Special attention is drawn to the factors influencing vehicle stability during braking. It also analyzes internal resisting forces in a drum brake. The experimental analysis proved that neglecting or inadequate treatment of such forces may lead to serious errors and wrong assessment of the braking system. (TRRL)


Large-scale heterogeneous constellations will be the major forms of future space-based systems, and the implementation of numerous derived applications depends mainly on intersatellite communication. The nodes representing heterogeneous satellites will form the networks with rapidly changing topology. However, few researches have been carried out for such networks. This paper studies the broadcast mechanism for space dynamic networks and establishes centralized and distributed routing framework. And then, performance evaluation indicators are proposed to evaluate both the connectivity of dynamic networks and the effectiveness of routing algorithms. Finally, we examine the performance of multigroup networks and verify the rationality of corresponding indicators. We also explore the impact of information survival time which directly affects the delivery ratio and, if unfortunately, may waste the communication resources. Empirical conclusion about the survival time is given in the final part. We believe the performance indicators and the routing algorithms proposed in this paper are great help to future space-based system and both the broadcast mechanism designing.


To provide a separate display for each color channel gamma adjustment display architecture. In one embodiment, the gamma adjustment circuit may monitor each color channel using a separate resistor string. Each gamma adjustment resistor string voltage tap may be coupled to each of a corresponding switching logic block, wherein a respective said blocks comprising a plurality of switching logic switches, and each switch may be coupled to the resistor string the respective positions are different. The gamma correction profile at least in part to its optimal adjustment point based on the definition of the gamma characteristics of the particular sensitivity of the light-transmitting color channel, based on the gamma correction profile may provide appropriate control signals to each switching logic block in order to adjust the gamma voltage tap connected to a desired point on a respective adjustment resistor string, in order to optimize the accuracy of gamma correction and to enhance the color output.


The speed and attenuation of sound in gassy marine sediments in the Mississippi delta area have been measured by means of small (1 to 500 mg) explosive charges buried 30 m below the mud line. The respective values obtained were 800 m/sec and 1.4 dB/kHz-m. Effective gas content was estimated to be approximately 0.06 percent.


Background: Ebola virus disease (EVD) remains a public health problem. Health workers are constantly at risk of contracting the disease because of the high risk of infection. The Democratic Republic of Congo is in its tenth epi-demic. Objective: This study aimed to determine the level of knowledge, atti-tudes and practices of care professionals about the occurrence of a possible outbreak of EVD. Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional and de-scriptive survey of the care staff of the Moba administrative unit. The period from June to August 2018 was chosen. We administered an adapted CDC-2014 questionnaire to the health care providers in the targeted hospitals. Results: A total of 66 care professionals had participated in our survey. The means age of the respondents was 32 ± 2.1 years, with a male predominance (57.6%) and a nurse (75.8%). The majority of care professionals had good knowledge of the name and reservoir of the causal agent, the severity of the disease, the modes of prevention and the attitude to adopt in case of suspicion of Ebola virus disease, and the year of the last epidemic. On the other hand, the level of knowledge on the definition of the disease, the transmission routes, the virological and clinical aspects and even the number of epidemics that have already affected the Democratic Republic of Congo and the year of the first epidemic was insufficient. The majority of respondents (78.8%; p < 0.01) had never attended Ebola training. Conclusion: The level of knowledge of the care professionals was below expectations. Strengthening care professionals capacity on Ebola virus disease is imperatively required in a short time, given epidemic episodes


The invention discloses a sulbenicillin sodium preparation method, and belongs to the technical field of medicine. According to the preparation method, alpha-sulfophenylacetic acid reacts with chloroformate to produce a mixed anhydride, 6-APA and an organic alkali are subjected to salt formation, and then dissolved in an organic solvent, the obtained material is subjected to a condensation reaction in the mixed anhydride solution, acidification liquid separation is performed after completing the reaction, the organic phase is retained, and sodium2-ethylhexanoate is added to the organic phase to carry out salt formation to obtain the sulbenicillin sodium, wherein the sulbenicillin sodium is further subjected to sterile crystallization through a system comprising water, ethanol and acetone to obtain sulbenicillin sodium for injection. The preparation method has characteristics of low cost, good quality and easy operation, and is suitable for industrialization.


In the Jinggangshan period,CPC members like Mao Zedong and Zhu De through the process of revolutionary war invented and refined their guerilla tactics,with "Sixteen-letter Principles" as the core.The principles are not only the Red Army's campaign guidelines under extreme adverse conditions of soldiers and weapons,but also the basis for further strategies and tactics of the People's Army,as well as the kernel for Red Army's strategy and tactics.The principles are extremely important as guidelines of the People's Army.They have laid down a general theoretical foundation for Mao Zedong's military thoughts and red regime theory,enriched and expanded Marxist and Leninist thought of people's war,and promoted the establishment and development of China's national defense theories.They even exert profound influences on global military strategy development.


Microcomputers are a powerful resource. Yet, in order for teachers to use this technology effectively, they need information about how specific variables might affect the performance of mildly handicapped as well as nonhandicapped learners. This study examines the effect of group size on performance measures, the relationship between group size and task engagement, and the relationship of task engagement to performance for both types of learners. Twenty learning handicapped and twenty nonhandicapped boys from upper elementary grades participated for ten minutes, three times per week for a four-week period on a mathematics problem solving task. Each student worked individually, with a handicapped partner, and with a nonhandicapped partner. Results indicated that it was as effective for students to work with a partner at the computer as it was for them to work alone. This finding occurred although dyads had half as much time at the computer as students working alone. Task engagement was also similar for children working in dyads or individually. Following each computer session a paper and pencil task was administered individually to the study participants. There was no difference in number correct related to group size; yet, at the most difficult task level, learning handicapped children solved more problems correctly following a computer session in which they worked with a partner. It appears that given a software program which requires students to apply mathematics skills to a new situation, it is effective to have two children working together at the computer.


Input/Output (I/O) automata are widely used when deriving high quality tests for (components of) complex discrete systems based on so called distinguishing sequences. For I/O automata, the number of distinguishability relations is much bigger than for classical deterministic Finite State Machines (FSM). In order to avoid submitting the same test sequence several number of times, i.e., avoid the "all weather conditions" assumption, the separability relation can be considered. If two Input/Output automata are separable then there exists an input sequence such that after submitting this sequence and observing produced outputs it can be uniquely concluded which automaton is under testing. In this paper, we modify the discipline of applying input sequences and discuss the derivation of separating sequences for automata with mixed states, i.e., states where transitions both under inputs and under outputs are defined, as well as with cycles labeled by outputs. We also illustrate how an adaptive separating sequence can be derived when both automata are input-enabled.


Various watermarking techniques have been proposed so far, aiming at the copyright protection of audio signals. Little effort has been made, however, in taking under consideration the spectrum of the watermark sequence itself and exploiting its frequency properties. An enhanced audio watermarking technique, based on correlation detection, is introduced in this paper, where high-frequency chaotic watermarks are multiplicatively embedded in the low frequencies of the DFT domain. A series of experiments have been conducted to demonstrate both detection reliability and robustness against attacks.


Myosin 5a transports cellular cargos along actin filaments towards the cell periphery. Its long lever plays a key role in determining the large size of its powerstoke, stepping distance along F-actin, ability to bear load and its regulation by Ca2+. Despite this, little is known about the physical properties of the lever and how they contribute to the mechanics of walking. Using a combination of cryo-electron microscopy and molecular dynamics simulations, we resolved the first structure of myosin 5a comprising the motor domain and full-length lever (subfragment-1) bound to actin. From the flexibility captured in the cryo-electron microscopy data, we were able to characterise the stiffness of the lever. Here, we demonstrate how the structure and flexibility of the lever contribute to the regulation and walking behaviour of myosin 5a.


This paper reports our experiences developing a completely verified email client. The formal specification of the email client includes all informal requirements and security goals. Compliance to the formal specification has been proven for the complete source code. The email client is part of project Verisoft, where pervasively verified systems are developed.


Th e group of 12 persons in the age of about 60 years, attending classes of physical culture in the group of health, estimation of an opportunity of application of dihydroquercetin for correction of the main indicators, and limiting human health. Dihydroquercetin helps to reduce body weight, normalization of blood pressure, has a marked positive infl uence on the functional state of the central and vegetative nervous system, increases physical endurance and tolerance to physical activity. It is important, that on a background of reception dihydroquercetin occurred signifi cant growth of integral parameters of health: general reserves and physical. Taking into account the established effi ciency, availability of appropriate permits and absence of side eff ects on the survey results, recommended by the doctors of the health centres and the centres for the prevention of the use of dihydroquercetin in the complex assignments with the purpose of formation of a healthy way of life and the rectifi cation of identifi ed risk factors and functional disorders.