Liturgicalhistorianscommonly observe thatmany movements of liturgicalrenewal in the nineteenth century-both Protestant and Roman Catholic-attempted to restore patterns of worship from earlier periods in church history.' These movements of restoration often manifested a romantic antiquarian tendency in reaction to the denigrationof traditioncharacteristicof the eighteenth-centuryEnlightenment.Therefore, much nineteenth-century liturgical scholarship focused primarily upon the study of liturgical history. One notable exception to this general trend toward a romanticized "archeologism"? was the liturgical scholarship of the American German Reformed theologian John Williamson Nevin. While Nevin's thought was deeply affected by his own historical study of the early church and the sixteenth-century Protestant Reformations, he defended his agenda for liturgical reform by developing a sophisticated theological system. Indeed, Nevin was highly critical of attempts to retrieve the past in a haphazard way without integrating historical data into a well-developed theological framework. 3 Like much theological work, Nevin's liturgical theology took shape in the context of a controversy. In the mid-nineteenth century, the German Reformed Church in the United States became the ecclesiastical battleground for one of the most protracted and intense liturgical conflicts in American church history. The excesses and widespread popularity of revivalistic "new measures" had provoked a crisis of theological and liturgical identity within the German Reformed Church, and, by the 1840s, a small but growing number of ministers began to clamor for


This paper reviews assumptions guiding earlier models of social and economic behavior among arid land hunter-gatherers, especially those models that argued for the 'original affluent society' and concepts requiring groups of fixed size and composition operating within stable, bounded territories. A close look at socioeconomic behavior among ethnographic Ngatatjara Aborigines of the Western Desert challenges these assumptions and introduces an adaptive model based on 'strategy switching'. In order to minimize risks imposed by droughts, the Ngatatjara responded in their movements and group composition by means of two alternative strategies: drought escape and drought evasion. Drought escape involved temporary abandonment of entire areas by individual households or by individuals to distant, better-favored areas. Drought evasion involved retreat by small family groups into areas within their 'home' country where relatively dependable water resources were available. Drought escape and drought evasion strategies are briefly considered as factors in early plant domestication in the context of prehistoric arid-land foraging societies in places like the Tehuacan Valley on the Mexican Plateau.


The invention relates to a shift control mechanism of a transmission. The shift control mechanism comprises a first shift lever, a second shift lever, a third shift lever and a fourth shift lever, wherein a first shift fork and a first shift drive fork are matched on the upper portion of the first shift lever, a second shift fork and a second shift drive fork are matched on the lower portion of the second shift lever, the lower portions of the third shift lever and the fourth shift lever are matched with a third shift drive fork respectively, and a third shift fork is matched on the upper portion of the fourth shift lever. The shift control mechanism is characterized in that a shift block is composed of a shift finger and a shift cam, a mounting hole is arranged at the center of the shift cam, a shift shaft is perpendicular to the fourth shift lever and matched with the mounting hole on the shift cam, and the shift finger is positioned between inner sides of the first shift fork, the second shift fork and the third shift fork. The shift control mechanism is simple in structure, and capable of achieving shift interlocking and gear selection before dislocating, reducing shift time, and improving safety and service efficiency of the transmission.


The development of a new class of high-speed cable-based manipulators is presented in this thesis and fundamental challenges specific to these manipulators are addressed. Cables are used in the architecture of these manipulators to provide kinematic constraints to lower the number of degrees of freedom and minimize the moving inertia. Five new designs of these manipulators are presented which provide pure translational motion in spatial and planar workspace. Since cables can only stand tensile forces, the rigidity of the cable-based manipulators becomes the most essential issue in their design and operation. To address this, a systematic approach to study the rigidity of these manipulators is developed. It is analytically proved that most of these manipulators stay rigid everywhere in their workspace under any external load using a spinal element that applies a constant pushing force on the end-effector. Geometry is used in this work to develop a modeling approach to investigate the ability of cable-based manipulators in the handling of payloads. Force and torque capacity of these manipulators are defined as the set of all forces and/or torques they can apply before losing their rigidity. Based on this, an optimum design procedure is developed for determining the pretension of the cables when a symmetric force/torque capacity is required. The stiffness and stability of cable-based manipulators are also studied. It is shown that the cables' pretension, necessary for the rigidity of these manipulators, affects the stiffness of the manipulator and hence, may result in their instability. The conditions under which the manipulator is stabilizable are derived. A stabilizable manipulator never becomes unstable due to increasing the pretension of the cables. Trajectory planning of cable-based manipulators is also investigated. A time-optimal trajectory is found considering the condition of the cable tensions. Time-optimal technique along with a non-optimal but more computationaly efficient method for real-time trajectory planning are implemented and compared on DeltaBot. DeltaBot is a cable-based manipulator prototyped in this research. It has three translational degrees of freedom and is aimed at high-speed pick-andplace applications. DeltaBot is designed to be able to produce 4g of acceleration everywhere in its workspace in any direction on a pay load of 1kg. DeltaBot has been successfully tested for 120 cycles of pick-and-place operations per minute.


ABSTRACT: Recently completed and ongoing field projects in the United States that are self-labeled as sustainable agriculture research or funded through sustainable and low-input agriculture research programs were surveyed to find how closely they match the rhetoric of sustainability. Out of 122 projects, almost all covered techniques that have the potential to conserve nonrenewable resources and reduce environmental pollution. However, they did not show the broad scope that current writing about sustainable agriculture emphasizes: only 22 % focused on entire farms; 25% looked at integrated crops and livestock, 19% studied general processes from which basic agroecological principles could be learned, 44% measured environmental effects, and 7% analyzed off-farm social and economic effects. Projects on commercial farms and projects conducted on farms combined with experiment station or private research farm sites included studies of whole farms, combined crops and livestock, and analyzed offs-farm social and economic effects more frequently than projects done solely at experiment stations. In aggregate, these projects demonstrate disparities between the principles and practice of sustainable agriculture research. However, this may reflect overly rigid assertions about what sustainable agriculture research should be, rather than of true shortcomings in addressing sustainability through research.


BACOL is a software package for the numerical solution of systems of one-dimensional parabolic partial differential equations (PDEs) that has been shown to be superior to other similar packages, especially for problems exhibiting sharp spatial layer regions where a stringent tolerance is imposed. BACOL, based on a method-of-lines algorithm, features adaptive control of a high order estimate of the spatial error. (Adaptive control of the temporal error in the numerical solution of the system of differential-algebraic equations (DAEs), arising from a B-spline Gaussian collocation spatial discretization, is provided by the underlying DAE solver, DASSL.) The spatial error estimate for the collocation solution computed by the code is obtained by computing a second collocation solution, which involves a substantial cost the execution time and memory usage are almost doubled. In this report we discuss BACOLI, a new version of BACOL that computes only one collocation solution and uses efficient interpolation-based approaches to obtain a spatial error estimate. These approaches have recently been shown to provide spatial error estimates of comparable quality to those computed by BACOL. We describe the substantial modification of the BACOL code that was required in order to obtain BACOLI and provide numerical results to compare BACOL and BACOLI. We show that BACOLI is about twice as efficient as BACOL. Subject Classification: 65M15, 65M20, 65M70


This paper proposes a method to directly measure the value of information and compares it to the more conventional approach requiring the explicit specification of a utility function. Using data collected from a field experiment conducted in two grocery stores, we find that the calculated value of information contained in federally-mandated country of origin labels for beef and pork is 40% lower using the direct elicitation method as compared to the conventional approach. Overall, our estimates suggest that the mean value of origin information ranges from $0.08 to $1.18 per pound of steak/chop purchased depending on the valuation method used and assumptions about labeling knowledge and average volume purchased per choice. The value of information was substantively influenced by ethnocentrism and meat consumption frequency.


The present paper develops a thesis to examine the relationship between migration and livelihood which is the main focus of this study. This paper is the out of a research conducted among the Sri Lankan immigrants in Rome during the international course on Applied Anthropology to Development Processes offered by the Department of Communication and Sociology, University of Rome in 2009-2010. It focuses on voluntary or economic migration, particularly South-West migration which tends to be relevant for middle class poor. Though policies aimed to reduce voluntary migration it brings opportunities to enhance the positive contribution of migration. But it also constructs a view of migrants as agents of change, economic as well as social, in other words, this paper is to emphasis the positive aspects of migration and intends to contribute to a more positive assessment of population mobility.


The article presents the research carried out in 2019-2021. For this research 15 varieties of spring soft wheat of different ecological and geographical origin were selected. The article provides the results of varieties evaluation for economically valuable traits by two ways – traditional method and method of complex indexes. The trials were carried out in CRNZ (Central Regions of Non-chernozem zone). Agronomic practices are industry standard for this zone. The recording and monitoring were accomplished according to the Methodology of the State Variety Testing. The varieties with minimal set of negative traits were selected. They are KVS Akvilon, Ekada 109, Zlata, Tyumen 25, Ekada 66 and Chernozemno-Ural'skaja 2. These varieties are recommended for usage in the breeding process of winter wheat in terms of CRNZ. The article demonstrates that the evaluation by index method helps to select valuable varieties without contradicting the data of statistical processing. This allows us to recommend this method of evaluation when analyzing many samples at any stage of breeding process. Keywords: WHEAT, BREEDING, COLLECTION, INDICES, CROP YIELD


Substantial increases in all phases of exploratory drilling resulted in numerous significant discoveries in the Northern Rockies. In Wyoming, 445 exploratory wells were drilled, a new record. The success percentage increased to 13, and 106 million bbls. of proved reserves were added. Exploratory drilling in Montana increased 48%, and the success rate rose from 5.5% to 10%. Drilling activity in North Dakota and South Dakota was near the lowest level in recent years. The North Dakota success rate was 10.5% compared to 4.8% in 1965. There were no discoveries in South Dakota.


To clarify the pollution status of mercury (Hg) in water bodies and soils from an old gold mining in China, we collected and analysed water samples in April 2010. The concentration of total Hg (THg) in water ranges from 0.032 to 0.225 μg/L, with average concentration as 0.078 μg/L. Among Hg species, particulate Hg (PHg) ranges from 0.021 to 0.106 μg/L, and the percentage of PHg exceeded 50 percent in most samples. Hg concentration in water is considerably lower than polluted areas by gold mining with amalgamation and Hg mining, close to the concentrations in high Hg background areas in China, but obviously higher than natural waters. THg in sediments ranges from 0.456 to 5.712 mg/kg, with a positive correlation to Hg of waters. THg of sediments in rivers shows a higher concentration than that in reservoirs. Soil Hg concentration ranges from 0.094 to 4.04 mg/kg, with geometric mean 0.36 mg/kg. Fifty percent of soil samples exceed Chinese Soil Reference (Grade II). The calculation results of the geoaccumulation index present a higher accumulation status of Hg in soils in this area. Furthermore, a strong ecological risk is found due to Hg accumulation in soils, according to the classification of assessment index of potential ecological risk levels. Results indicate that Zhaoyuan shows a certain degree of mercury pollution due to gold mining activities.


Center-based clustering techniques are fundamental in some areas of machine learning such as data summarization. Generic $k$-center algorithms can produce biased cluster representatives so there has been a recent interest in fair $k$-center clustering. Our main theoretical contributions are two new $(3+\epsilon)$-approximation algorithms for solving the fair $k$-center problem in (1) the dynamic incremental, i.e., one-pass streaming, model and (2) the MapReduce model. Our dynamic incremental algorithm is the first such algorithm for this problem (previous streaming algorithms required two passes) and our MapReduce one improves upon the previous approximation factor of $(17+\epsilon).$ Both algorithms work by maintaining a small coreset to represent the full point set and their analysis requires that the underlying metric has finite-doubling dimension. We also provide related heuristics for higher dimensional data and experimental results that compare the performance of our algorithms to existing ones.


EPHEDRINE is an alkaloid, obtained from the plant Ma Huang [Ephedra eqidsetina), used as a medicine hy the Chinese since antiquity for bronchial affections. Ephedrine was introduced to western medicine about 1923. It simulates epinephrine m some of its local and systemic effects, and like epinephrine, is lsevo-rotatory, and belongs to the phenylamine group. Chemically ephedrine is phenyl-propanol-methylamine. Ephetonin is one of several synthetic ephedrine preparations that have been prepared. Kern and Schenck (̂ ) found ephetonin just as effective and less toxic, while Piness and Alles (2) have found the synthetic products inactive •when given by mouth.


In this study, a microbial risk assessment was performed for the bacteria Vibrio parahaemolyticus , which causes a foodborne illness following the consumption of Jeotgal , a fermented seafood in South Korea. The assessment comprised of six stages: product, market, home, consumption, dose-response, and risk. The initial contamination level (IC) was calculated based on the prevalence of V. parahaemolyticus in 90 Jeotgal samples. The kinetic behavior of V. parahaemolyticus was described using predictive models. The data on transportation conditions from manufacturer to market and home were collected through personal communication and from previous studies. Data for the Jeotgal consumption status were obtained, and an appropriate probability distribution was established. The simulation models responding to the scenario were analyzed using the @RISK program. The IC of V. parahaemolyticus was estimated using beta distribution [Beta (1, 91)]. The cell counts during transportation were estimated using Weibull and polynomial models [δ = 1 / (0.0718 – 0.0097 × T + 0.0005 × T 2 )], while the probability distributions for time and temperature were estimated using Pert, Weibull, Uniform, and LogLogistic distributions. Daily average consumption amounts were assessed using the Pareto distribution [0.60284,1.32,Risk Truncate(0,155)]. The results indicated that the risk of V. parahaemolyticus infection through Jeotgal consumption is low in South Korea. simulation. The risk of V. parahaemolyticus infection in Jeotgal was very low, as analyzed by quantitative risk assessment, with respect to the distribution in South Korea. The result suggested that the low contamination level and distribution environment could be important factors to decrease the probability of V. parahaemolyticus -associated foodborne illnesses.


This paper presents the derivation of a simplified mathematical equation to predict the output speed of an overrunning clutch. The working principle of the overrunning clutch was studied and mathematical equations were derived for different cases. A MATLAB Simulink model was created to simulate the equations and ADAMS/View simulation was used for verification. The equations are able to calculate the output motion with minimal errors. The equation can be used for a quick estimation to predict the output speed for any kind of input motions.


Our goal has been to investigate the influence of both dilution and radiation on the extinction process of nonpremixed flames at low strain rates. Simulations have been performed by using a counterflow code and three radiation models have been included in it, namely, the optically thin, the narrowband, and discrete ordinate models. The counterflow flame code OPPDIFF was modified to account for heat transfer losses by radiation from the hot gases. The discrete ordinate method (DOM) approximation was first suggested by Chandrasekhar for solving problems in interstellar atmospheres. Carlson and Lathrop developed the method for solving multi-dimensional problem in neutron transport. Only recently has the method received attention in the field of heat transfer. Due to the applicability of the discrete ordinate method for thermal radiation problems involving flames, the narrowband code RADCAL was modified to calculate the radiative properties of the gases. A non-premixed counterflow flame was simulated with the discrete ordinate method for radiative emissions. In comparison with two other models, it was found that the heat losses were comparable with the optically thin and simple narrowband model. The optically thin model had the highest heat losses followed by the DOM model and the narrow-band model.


Bacillus thuringiensis was isolated from 122 of 413 samples obtained from warehouses. Eighty‐seven (71.31%) of these B. thuringiensis isolates were toxic to Spodoptera exigua, causing more than 60% mortality. Twenty‐seven isolates were highly toxic to S. exigua, causing more than 95% mortality. Isolates 133, 47 and 58, which belonged to serotype H7, H4, H4, respectively, were more active than the other isolates and their 50% lethality concentration (LC50) values were 17.93, 14.78 and 15.55 μg/ml, respectively. The isolate 133, 47 and 58 were analysed by sodium dodecyl sulphate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that they contained ~135 and 65 kDa crystal proteins, that were similar with reference strain HD‐1. Isolate 133 contained the cryIA(a), cryIA(b), cryIA(c), cryIE and cryII genes whereas both isolate 47 and 58 contained the cryIA(b), cryIA(c), cryIE and cryII genes; but they did not contain cryIII gene.


Based on the detection of the ground crack and the falling of roof connecting component in an industrial factory in service,it analyzes the causation of the phenomenon above,points out the treatment measures,so as to ensure safe production.


Dance is an important part of the 'Expressive arts and design' area of the curriculum, so all settings should give it a go, reports Nicole Weinstein, who also pinpoints some useful resources


Identification is stipulating or determining of dead or life person identity, based on distinctive feature founded on people. Body height determination has important mean in the situation where which must be checked is body pieces or skeleton, or only part of bones. Height estimation can be obtained by using formula of regression. Accuracy of regression formula in determining a person height influence by pattern and proporsional between varios measure of part of the body. It is known by allometri concept. The allometri relation between bones are systematic but not exact. Research design used is sectional cross analysis. The result observed is in the equation form of regression and level of correlation coefficient from both equation form. Analysis of researh result done by comparing coefficient of correlation from tibia percutaneus measurement method and foot palm lenght measurement method. The result of this research showed that tibia percutaneus measurement lenght method has stronger correlation with height compared to measurement method of foot palm lenght. Coefficient of correlation (r) of tibia percutaneus measurement method is 0,756 for right tibia and 0,726 for left tibia, with equation form of regression Y = 68,499 + 2,632X for right tibia and Y = 71,921 + 2,529X for left tibia. Coefficient correlation (r) of foot palm lenght measurement method is 0,717 for right foot palm and 0,714 for left foot palm, with equation form of regression Y = 73,613 + 3,781X for right foot palm and Y = 74,214 + 3,756X for left foot palm.


In this paper, we endeavor to find a fast and robust time integration solver for estimating gas flow transients within the framework of particle filtering. We examined both stiff and nonstiff solvers, namely embedded explicit Runge–Kutta (ERK) schemes based on Dormand–Prince, a second-order diagonally implicit RK (DIRK) scheme, a Krylov–Rosenbrock method using a multiple Arnoldi process and an implicit RK scheme with coefficients from Radau IIA quadrature formulas. Issues of accuracy, robustness and computation time, but also the stiffness of the problem were addressed. As well as comparing the performance of the time-stepping schemes for multiple model realizations in the particle filter, the analysis was also completed for a single noise-free model integration. Numerical experiments showed that the DIRK scheme is most robust whereas the ERK schemes were superior in terms of efficiency if the grid density and tolerance were properly selected. Under certain circumstances, nonphysical oscillations might appear in the solution domain. Stiffness measures and superior efficiency of the ERK schemes indicate that the problem can be considered as nonstiff.


The genetic polymorphism of insulin-like growth factor binding protein ( IGFBP-3 ) and its association with the growth traits namely condition factor, body weight, and total length were investigated in common carp Cyprinus carpio using PCR- single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) technique. Caudal fin clips from 120 C. carpio , aging 5 months, were used in this study and a 330 bp DNA fragment was amplified from 5'-UTR of carp IGFBP-3 . SSCP genotyping yielded seven different banding patterns namely A, B, C, D, E, F, and G with frequencies of 14.16, 12.5, 21.67, 9.17, 11.67, 10.0, and 20.84, respectively. The obtained results showed a relatively high polymorphic behavior of 5'-UTR regulatory region of studied locus; therefore it shows the importance of this region in regulation of transcription of IGFBP-3 gene in carp.  Marker-trait association showed significant relationships between the detected genotypes and condition factor (CF). IGFBP-3 gene polymorphism in joint with CF signifies relatively high genetic diversity and significant potential for marker-assisted selection in this species.


What can we learn about someone's identity from their capacity to engage with music? In this chapter we examine the relationship between identity and musical engagement on the part of children and young people with either severe learning difficulties (SLD) or profound and multiple learning difficulties (PMLD). We consider identity as it relates to a sense of self, we look at the concept of a 'musical identity', and we draw some distinctions that are applied to six children engaging in a range of musical activities. In a previous paper, Ockelford and Welch (2012) made reference to Gallagher's (2000) suggestion that philosophical conceptions of the self can be divided into two groups, according to whether they tend towards either a 'minimal' or a 'narrative' self. We will return to this distinction and draw attention to a number of questions that arise in relation to conceptions of the self, and how these are manifested in musical engagement. In section 2 we introduce the Sounds of Intent project, and in section 3 we show how the music-developmental framework that it sets out is related to various stages in the evolution of the sense of self, illustrating our argument with evidence from six case studies.


Polycrystalline samples of Al3Ti with the D022-type structure have been plastically deformed at 400°C. Observations using weak-beam transmission electron microscopy show activation of dislocations with <100] or <110] Burgers vectors. The fine structure of [100] and [010] dislocations reveals strong stabilization effect on the pure edge character. [110] superdislocations, resulting from the interactions between [100] and [010] perfect dislocations, are dissociated in two identical superpartials separated by an antiphase boundary (APB). Their segmented shape together with the separation distances between the [110] superpartials point to a large anisotropy of APB energies whose estimated values on (001) and (111) are 13 ± 3 mJ/m2 and 64 ± 5 mJ/m2, respectively. The low mobility of <100] and <110] dislocations is highlighted and related to the low ductility of this material.


The binding of avidin (Avi) with biotin (Bio) and some Bio analogues (biotin methyl ester, desthiobiotin, 2′-iminobiotin and diaminobiotin) was studied by means of Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy. The difference in affinity between the protein and these ligands provides a detailed picture of the effects of modification of the Bio structure on the binding strength in the complex. The vibrational results from both qualitative and quantitative analysis indicate that as a consequence of the interaction with the ligands, the content of the β-sheet conformation decreases whereas that of the α-helix conformation increases. To confirm further the conformational changes of the protein structure due to the Bio analogues' binding, curve-fitting analysis of the amide I Raman band of Avi alone and of the complexes was performed. The fourth derivatives of the amide I band of the spectra examined (1630–1700 cm-1 region) were analyzed in order to determine the starting data required for the curve-fitting procedure. The ratios between the integrated intensities of the β-sheet and α-helix components, calculated for each system, confirm the results obtained by means of the quantitative analysis of the amide I Raman band. A good correlation was found between the spectroscopic results and the affinity of each ligand toward Avi (∣r∣⩾0.91). This linear relationship between the secondary structure percentages and pKD of the complexes allows for the evaluation of the dissociation constants of the Avi complexes. The present study confirms the participation of many factors in the stability of the protein complexes. The Bio molecule is arranged in the active site in such a way that an extended hydrogen bond network, able to stabilize the complex, can be established. Trp residues do not directly bind the ligand and contribute to the formation of the complex by means of their hydrophobic interactions. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


INTRODUCTION Since the mid-1980s there has been an explosion in our understanding of the basic molecular genetic defects that underlie the pathogenesis of various diseases, including cancers and infections. Earlier articles in this series dealt with various technologies for nucleic acid analysis 1 and the use of nucleic acids in diagnosis and genetic testing." This article deals with salient representative examples where knowledge, gleaned from identification of the molecular fingerprints of individual disease, is being used to develop increasingly accurate assays for monitoring the efficacy of treatment and determining the prognosis in these diseases.


How to use this Guide Welcome to the Winter 2021 Engineering and Technology Fair. Use this guide to navigate the fair. Each lobby represents a separate Zoom meeting. Simply click on the ENTER HERE link for the lobby you would like to enter, and the Career Services lobby host will place you in your preferred breakout room. For example, if you want to learn more about QUIP, go to the Experiential Learning Lobby, click ENTER HERE, and ask to be put in the QUIP breakout room. You can leave and join another lobby at any time. Not sure where you want to go? No problem. We recommend starting at the Welcome Lobby, where Career Services staff will be happy to help you. Please be patient and respectful while at the fair. If you find a room is too full, feel free to visit another room, and try back at a later time.


Manure application rate recommendations have been based almost exclusively on nitrogen (N) management considerations, which can result in over-application of phosphorus (P) and its accumulation in soil. Low-phytate (LP) corn (Zea mays L.) was introduced into swine (Sus scrofa domesticus) feed to reduce the amount of P in manure. Unlike ruminants, swine cannot utilize phytate, the major form of P in normal hybrid corn. The objectives of this study were to determine extractable P following swine manure application from different manure sources and compare the relative P availability of LP-manure to standard (S) manure. A laboratory incubation study was conducted using a Waukegan silt loam, a Verndale sandy loam soil, and five levels of total P (Pt) from three P sources (KH2PO4, S-manure, LP-manure). Extractable P from manures of swine fed low-phytate corn and standard corn diets were compared with a soluble P (KH2PO4) source. Slope ratio procedure was used to determine a phosphorus availability index (PAI). The effect of the P application rate on extractable Bray-1 P was linear (r2>0.97). Small but significant P mineralization was observed for the Verndale sandy loam soil. Mineralization of organic P was detected only at the highest LP-manure application rate for the Waukegan silt loam soil. Relative to KH2PO4, the LP-manure and S-manure had PAI of 0.55 and 0.61, respectively. Swine manure P availability was about 60% that of the KH2PO4 source for both manure sources. The total P concentration for the LP-manure was 42% lower than that for the S-manure. The important factor in the difference between manure sources is the 42% lower total P content for the LPmanure, not a difference in availability. Further evaluation of available P from LP-manure is needed under field conditions.


There 4 to 7 percent of the population who have palpable thyroid nodules; nevertheless, there is 19 to 67 percent of the population who have nodules identified accidentally on ultrasonography. The great majority of thyroid nodules do not manifest themselves with symptoms. As malignant nodules account for around 5% of all palpable nodules, the major purpose of investi-gating thyroid nodules is to rule out the presence of cancer. One of the tests that may be used to differentiate between a thyrotoxic nodule and a euthyroid nodule is the thyroid-stimulating hormone test. Thyroid nodules should be fine-needled aspirated in individuals who are otherwise healthy but have a thyroid nodule, and radionuclide scanning should be reserved for patients with equivocal thyroid cytology or thyrotoxic endocrine disease (thyrotoxicosis). Using ultrasonic guidance during fine-needle aspi -ration, the frequency of inadequate specimens from fine-needle extraction is reduced. Operation is the most common treatment for malignant lesions, and the amount of the surgery is decided by the severity and kind of the sickness. Postoperative radioactive iodine ablation is done on high-risk patients who have cancer that has spread or that has returned after treatment. However, thyroxine suppression therapy is often employed surgically to treat malignant lesions. iodine (I-131) ablations (i.e., those with metastatic disease, nodal disease, or gross residual disease). In low-risk individuals, the advantages of postoperative thyroid replacement treatment are contested. 9, 16, 17 TSH levels should be 0.5 U per mL following thyroid carcinoma removal (0.5 mU per L). High- risk patients and patients with metastatic or locally invasive cancers that were not entirely surgically excised or ablated by postoperative I-131 treatment may need suppression. 9, 16, 17 Cold nodules on nuclear imaging should be surgically removed. Toxic nodules (low TSH or symptoms like atrial fibrillation) will need therapy. Hot nodules may be treated with radioactive iodine or surgically removed in certain cases.


The enforcement of noise control regulations around airports usually depends on the estimations of aircraft noise prediction models. Current best–practice noise contour calculation methods assume default engine thrust values depending on the engine type and the altitude of the aircraft. These prediction tools provide a single noise level for a certain aircraft type in a certain flight phase and at a specific distance from the observer. In practice, however, changes in the thrust occur and cause variations in the noise levels of several decibels. In this paper, an approach is presented to estimate the fan rotational speed N1% (and hence the thrust) directly from flyover audio recordings. This method estimates the blade passing frequency (BPF) of the fan by searching its characteristic tonal peak (and its higher harmonics) and accounting for the Doppler effect. This method was applied to more than 400 measurements of Airbus A330–300 aircraft. The results show a significant correlation between the recorded noise levels and the fan rotational speed, explaining up to 43% of the variability in noise levels. Considering the calculated N1% values in the noise prediction models notably increases the agreement of the estimations with the recorded noise levels.


The Markov chain random field (MCRF) theory provided the theoretical support for a new, nonlinear Markov chain geostatistic. This study compares a MCRF-based netting-and-mesh-filling (NMF) algorithm with indicator kriging simulation algorithms and demonstrates their differences in simulating categorical variables from regular samples. The MCRF-NMF algorithm and indicator kriging simulation algorithms—SIS-SIK (sequential indicator simulation with simple indicator kriging) and SIS-OIK (SIS with ordinary indicator kriging)—are all applied to the same datasets. Results show that: (1) MCRF-NMF generates higher simulation accuracy in realizations and lower spatial uncertainties than SIS-OIK does; for a medium dataset, the former achieves a relative increase of 13.2% in simulation accuracy of simulated realizations; (2) MCRF-NMF obeys interclass relationships in simulated maps but SIS-SIK and SIS-OIK do not; and (3) MCRF-NMF generates polygons in simulated realizations, but SIS-SIK and SIS-OIK typically generate dispersed patterns. An imperfection with MCRF-NMF is that simulated polygons in realizations exhibit rough boundaries. However, optimal results based on maximum occurrence probabilities provide an attractive prediction map. Although MCRF-NMF has some limitations as a fixed-path algorithm, its advantage for improving simulation accuracy of simulated realizations makes it valuable.


This study explores African American undergraduate students' perceptions of factors influencing their decision to attend doctoral programs in psychology. There is a scarcity of literature examining perceptions held by specific minority groups in regard to influential factors used to make a significant step toward their career development. Eight undergraduate students interested in pursuing a doctoral degree in psychology were interviewed. A semi-structured interview and two paperpencil measures were used. Interviews were analyzed utilizing the consensual qualitative research (CQR) method. The following themes * Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Mixalis Poulakis, University of Indianapolis School of Psychological Sciences, 1400 East Hanna Avenue, Indianapolis, IN 46227. 128 Journal of the Indiana Academy of the Social Sciences Vol. 20 (2017) emerged: reasons for pursuing a doctoral degree, navigating the application process, factors influencing interest in psychology, perception of a program's commitment to diversity, importance of ethnic minority representation in a program, financial concerns, family view of psychology, most important factor for attendance, and prior school experiences outside of psychology. The study found that issues related to African American representation and research, as well as the presence of financial aid, are highly relevant in students' evaluation of which doctoral programs they prefer to attend. This information will pave the way for further studies focusing on how to increase the number of African American students in doctoral programs around the country.


The article presents an investigation of pseudo-Paracelsian letters, forgeries written by unidentified sixteenth-century Paracelsists. It comprises information about extant texts as well as authors and addressees like Bartholomaeus Korndorfer, Salomon Trismosin and Wilhelm von Hohenheim. The separation of fact and fiction reveals Paracelsus' life and work to be misrepresented or even distorted in these letters. Paracelsus appears as a theological 'fanaticus', moreover as a stylised hero of the alchemia transmutatoria metallorum. A multifaceted opposition and reform movement, 'Paracelsianism', revolved around Paracelsus as an idolised, almost apotheosised leader and inspirational figure. Its followers are known to demand a revision of some areas of knowledge in the Aristotelian-Galenic medical and pharmaceutical traditions; they furthermore fermented the aspirations of certain anti-confessionalistic religious dissidents. The pseudo-Paracelsian letters, which has hitherto been generally neglected, reinforces this.


Abstract Abstract This paper reports an experimental research on the use of diatomite in mortars as a lightweight and pozzolanic filler. Samples with 52–67 wt-% Portland cement, 0–10 wt-% diatomite and 33–38 wt-% water were prepared. The formulation of mortars was based on rheology and flow table measurements, applying a design of mixture experiments. Entrained air, fresh apparent density, setting time, temperature of hydration as well as the compressive strength, water absorption and apparent porosity of samples cured for 28 days were determined. The use of mixture design restricts the number of formulations. However, all tested mixtures exhibited suitable workability. When diatomite is added, the yield stress, initial plastic viscosity and the entrained air increased, while other properties decreased. In addition, the compressive strength of mortars was above 30 MPa, and the results showed that the level of influence of diatomite will depend on the water content of the mixtures.


Selective inhibition of the BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase by Imatinib mesylate (Glivec) has proven to be a promising frontline therapeutic strategy for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Still, while Imatinib does induce a good cytogenetic and hematologic response, the molecular response remains poor with the development of clinical progression in some of the patients. Previously we have evaluated the occurrence of multidrug resistance (MDR) in cells of CML patients treated with Imatinib by monitoring the P-glycoprotein (Pgp) expression and function. Now we wanted to assess the link between the change in Pgp expression/activity and the clinical i.e. hematological, cytogenetic and molecular response to Imatinib. In a long term follow up (4 years in intervals of 3 months during first 2 years, every 6 months later on) of 34 adult CML patients (M/F=19/15 ; CP/AP=26/8), bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB) cells were examined using flow cytometry. Pgp phenotype was analyzed by specific antibody and Pgp activity was measured by Rhodamine (Rh123) efflux assay. Imatinib (400 mg/day for CP and 600 mg/day for AP) was started after an inefficient first line (HU, IFN-alpha and MDR-related) therapy. By now, 25 of 34 patients have been followed for ≥ 9 months. Molecular response at PCR analysis was demonstrated in 5 pts. The pts achieving hematological and cytogenetic response showed stable Pgp activity, well balanced after one year. We created individual Pgp profiles because of great variability in Pgp expression/activity of the BM and PB cells of our patients, especially in the early follow up period, Analyzing the association between the established Pgp profiles and the response to Imatinib, we were able to discern four types of Pgp profiles /response to therapy (Table): i) stable Pgp activity/molecular response ; ii) stable Pgp activity/clinical response ; iii) increasing Pgp activity/minor response– development of resistance to Imatinib ; iv) constant increase of Pgp activity/poor response – established resistance to Imatinib. We demonstrated that quantitive determination of Pgp status during Imatinib therapy does show differences in Pgp function, indicating that Pgp efflux could be one of the mechanisms of resistance to Imatinib. The increase of Pgp activity observed in pts refractory to Imatinib or relapsed pts and progression free survival in pts with stable Pgp activity indicate the importance of Pgp screening in pts with CML. From the prognostic point of view, long term follow up of the Pgp status with the determination of Imatinib-Pgp phenotypes may be helpful in the evaluation of the progression/relapse of CML.


It has been shown by Clowes and Krahl (1, 2) that various substituted phenols as well as dinitrophenol increase the respiratory rate of marine eggs. Also, the highly interesting reversible block to cleavage, which they found to occur at the maximum of respiratory stimulation, is likewise exhibited. The different substances (nitro- and halo-phenols and cresols in particular) used were found to be active in different concentrations, and some attempt is made to relate the activity to molecular structure. The degree of dissociation of the phenolic OH is taken to be of no significance in their experiments. There has been some controversy concerning this question. Field, Martin and Field (3, 4) showed that in yeast the amount of respiratory stimulation by 2,4-dinitrophenol and by 4,6-dinitrocresol depends upon the concentration of the undissociated form present, similar calculated concentrations of undissociated DNP giving at different pH's the same stimulation. Citing their own experiments and those of Ehrenfest and Ronzoni (5) on yeast, De Meio and Barron (6), on the other hand, disagree with this conclusion.


On materials of two sites of Lidovskay culture of Paleometal epoch of the North East of Primorye there were reconstructed technological process of making stone beads from the starting intermediate product to the ready product. There was used local raw material that was specially extracted from the mines on the river Amgu.


Based on deliberative resource of Chinese traditional political culture and revolution tradition of new democratic revolution,the basic trend of party politics in contemporary China is deliberative democracy.However,as influenced by representative democracy and market economy,the CCP promotes competitive democracy.So such kind of party politics is the organic combination of deliberative democracy and competitive one.


Abstract. The aim of the present study was to investigate the temporal pattern of feed and water intake behaviour of gestating sows housed in a dynamic group. The dataset included 90 sows (parity 1 to 7). Feed and water intake were recorded by electronic feeding and drinking stations. To describe the feed and water intake behaviour single visits were combined into meals and drinking bouts. A log survivorship function identified the characteristic interval length to differentiate between two bouts. Interval lengths larger than 12 min separated two meals (29 min two drinking bouts). The meal and drinking bout criteria were used to derive the following traits: feeding and drinking duration per day (FD, DD), interval duration within feeding (pauseF) or drinking (pauseW) meal, feeding and drinking meal duration per day (FMD, DMD) and feeding and drinking visits per day (FV, DV). Additionally, an eating rank was calculated according to the order of the sows at the feeding station. The results showed that nulliparous and primiparous sows had higher FD, pauseF, FMD and FV in contrast to biparous and multiparous sows (P


3 Dr Taba recounts: Jamsetji Nusserwanji Tata (1839-1904) was convinced that the future progress of India depended on research in science and engineering. He envisaged an Institute where fundamental research in all branches of learning could be carried out. He constituted a Provisional Committee to plan the setting of the Institute and, on 31 December 1898, a draft text prepared by the Committee was presented. The constitution of the Institute was approved and the Order was signed in May 1909. In early 1919, the foundation stone was laid and on 24 July the first batch of students was admitted. The Institute has made many contributions to science. Prof. Satish Dhawan, who was the major architect of the Indian Space Programme, was the director of the Institute from 1962 to 1981. He nurtured science, as well as engineering, in many new areas. He was particularly interested in meteorology and offered our interviewee of this issue, Sulochana Gadgil, a faculty position in the Centre for Theoretical Studies at the Institute, soon after she returned from the Massachussets Institute of Technology (MIT) in the USA. Her work and collaboration with meteorolo-gists from different institutes in the country and her interactions with fluid dynamicists, particularly Prof. R Narasimha, led to the establishment of the Centre for Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences in 1982. During 1989 to 1996, when she was the chairman of the Centre , several new faculty members were recruited, making it one of the best centres in the country. (USA). Her thesis dealt with the dynamics of the meanders of the Gulf Stream. Coming from a country where the meteorological phenomenon of monsoon is of vital importance, she decided to learn more about this mighty weather event. She was lucky to have the opportunity to work with Prof. Charney on a postdoctoral fellowship at MIT for one year. Thereafter , she returned to Pune, accepting temporary work at the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology and met several scientists with considerable knowledge about monsoon. She joined the Centre for Theoretical Studies at the Indian Institute of Science in 1973. Since then, she has carried out research on many facets of monsoon variability and the nature of the coupling of tropical convection and the oceans, with analysis of conventional and satellite data and theoretical investigations with models, and has also investigated the links between rainfall variability and agricultural productivity in collaboration with several scientists. …


Drug use-both licit and illicit-has been shown to be higher among men in military service than among their age-mates in civilian life (Johnston, 1973; Segal, 1977). If drug use is indeed rnore'prevalent in the military, a relevant question is whether this higher rate is an effect of military service (a socialization effect), or due to the fact that individuals who go into military service tend to be heavier users of drugs (a selection effect). Some evidence in favor of both explanations is cited by Segal (1977), based on data collected during the Vietnam era. Now that there is a n all-volunteer force, it is conceivable that conditions may be different. In this paper we report on drug use by high school seniors, comparing those who expect to enter the armed forces with those who d o not. The question of interest is whether seniors-


"Laser ReSeal", a novel innovative combination of laser and semiconductor technology for Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) allows the cost efficient fabrication of small, high performance and low power inertial measurement units (combined accelerometers and gyroscopes). The new process solves the intrinsic challenge since these two sensor types require two different operating pressures within one wafer. The laser hermetically seals the sensor cavity of the gyroscope, thus enabling a precise subsequent adjustment of the optimum operating pressure.


A new ski resort village plan proposed for Lake Louise in Banff National Park triggered intense opposition at public hearings in 1972. Local proponents, backed by Imperial Oil, had entered into agreements to expand services at Lake Louise, which led to federal public consultations. We investigate Parks Canada's early public consultation process and how it was institutionalized in federal policy making from 1964 to 1979. Public debate was significant and influenced political decisions in the Village Lake Louise controversy. The National and Provincial Parks Association of Canada, Bow Valley Naturalists, Environmental Law Association, mountain clubs, academics, and others advocated for protection as conservation lobbyists and the Government of Alberta also objected to the proposal, leading Minister Jean Chretien to halt the plan. It was a win for citizens, environmentalists, and ecological integrity as Village Lake Louise debates became Canada's town hall. Past environmental protection is relevant to civil ...


[enter Abstract Body]A rapid macroeconomic turnaround and lingering financial market uncertainties in Korea are seen as conflicting but consistent indicators of the fundamental weakness in financial markets. Drastic changes in firms' financing strategy, volatile capital movements, and loose financial supervision also reflect problems of applying macro measures when market functions are not fully normalized. Given the increasing importance of robust financial sector and the limited role of banking sector in maturity transformation, the missing link for economic efficiency and financial stability is seen as the absence of long-term capital market. Heavier reliance on poorly supervised capital markets in the wake of crisis accentuated business cycle and led to complacency that thwarted institutional reform. Future macro policy needs to be pursued with special considerations for promoting deeper and broader financial markets. Poor risk evaluations and currency and maturity mismatch problems need to be resolved by strengthening market mechanism. And a form of flexible inflation targeting is seen as a proper choice for coordinating conflicting objectives within a time consistent framework for securing suitable environment for financial market development.


Forty-five inbred maize (Zea mays L) lines were evaluated for genetic variation in stem cell-wall concentration, composition and degradability, and for relationships among cell-wall components and polysaccharide degradability. Cell-wall neutral sugars, uronic acids, Klason lignin, and ester- and ether-linked phenolic acids were measured on lower stem internode samples collected at the time of silking in 2 years. Twenty-four and 96 h in-vitro ruminal fermentations were used to determine the rapidly and potentially degradable cell-wall polysaccharide fractions, respectively. Genetic variation (P 0.05), except for uronic acids. A multiple regression model of principal components (R2 = 0.41, P < 0.05) indicated that cell-wall lignification and substitution of wall polymers with phenolic and uronic acids were negatively associated, and pectic substances were positively related with rapid polysaccharide degradation. Very little of the variation (R2 = 0.15, P < 0.05) in potential cell-wall polysaccharide degradation could be explained by this multiple regression analysis. There is a large degree of genetic variation among current inbred maize lines for stem cell-wall quality traits, which should allow improvement of maize as a forage crop. Because of the complex matrix interactions in cell-wall organization, however, no single cell-wall component, or simple combination, can accurately predict degradability of maize cell walls.


The purpose of the introduced project is to achieve a combination of photogrammetric measurement techniques and procedures of digital image analysis in one stereoscopic evaluation system, which can be used in architectural surveying, building preservation and archaeology. Digital stereoscopic examination allows users an estimation of the spatial dimension and the surface texture of objects. The integration of automated image analysis techniques simplifies the stereoscopic measurement procedure and offers an increase in accuracy. Due to the substantial similarities of stereoscopic image pairs, correlation techniques provide measurements of subpixel precision for corresponding image points. Already within the process of image orientation this technique allows the use of natural unmarked tie points. Separate signalized control points are no longer necessary. The stereoscopic measurement process itself is simplified by an automated correlation-based depth determination for manual single point measurements. An adapted expansion algorithm for the same process even offers the possibility to measure profiles and object surfaces automatically. Additionally an included interface for the integration of tacheometric measurements and laser scanner point clouds allows a combined object evaluation. Digital surface models (DSM) can be created by triangulation and edited within the stereo model. In combination with the high resolution image material of the stereo evaluation, high-quality unwrappings, ortho images and 3D models can be generated. Taking various approaches for camera modelling into consideration, analogue and digital amateur cameras as well as panoramic cameras, can be used for stereoscopic recording in addition to the common metrical cameras. * Corresponding author.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain high elasticity epoxy resins capable of well adhering to cracks by using a hydroxyalkylurethane-modified hardener to be obtained by reacting a CO 2 adduct of a basic nitrogen-containing epoxide with a specific polyamine. SOLUTION: Desired hardeners comprise a reaction product of: (A) a reaction product composed of an at least two 1,2-epoxy group-containing compound, a mixture of this compound with a monoepoxide, and an amine of formula I (R 1 is a non-substituted or an OH, alkoxy or halogen substituted 1-30C hydrocarbon; R 2 and R 3 are each H or R 1 , provided that when both R 2 and R 3 are H, R 1 is one of formulae II, III, etc.; R 4-9 are each R 1 ; and R 3 may be H and R 1 and R 2 may be each an 8≥C alicyclic ring) or the like; (B) a cyclic carbonate prepared by reacting component (A) with CO 2 ; and/or (C) a cyclic carbonate prepared by reacting a compound of an 1,2-epoxy-containing compound with a polyoxyalkyleneamine with CO 2 in the presence of absence of a monoepoxide; and an at least two secondary amino group-containing polyamine and, optionally, unreacted epoxy compounds in components (A) to (C); and other additives. COPYRIGHT: (C)1996,JPO


Abstract Aboveground biomass was estimated from active and passive remote sensing sources, including airborne lidar and Landsat-8 satellites, in an eastern Arizona (USA) study area comprised of forest and woodland ecosystems. Compared to field measurements, airborne lidar enabled direct estimation of individual tree height with a slope of 0.98 (R 2 = 0.98). At the plot-level, lidar-derived height and intensity metrics provided the most robust estimate for aboveground biomass, producing dominant species-based aboveground models with errors ranging from 4 to 14 Mg ha −1 across all woodland and forest species. Land-sat-8 imagery produced dominant species-based aboveground biomass models with errors ranging from 10 to 28 Mg ha −1 . Thus, airborne lidar allowed for estimates for fine-scale aboveground biomass mapping with low uncertainty, while Landsat-8 seems best suited for broader spatial scale products such as a national biomass essential climate variable (ECV) based on land cover types for the United States.


Objective To evaluate the level of measles antibodies in floating population,analyze the risk factors,and provide the evidence for the strategy of measles immunization.Methods 216 serum samples(101 from inhabitant,105 from migrant population)were collected from the district of Jiangdong,Ningbo City in age ≥15 years old.The Measles antibody levels were assessed by quantitative ELISA.Results The geometric mean titers of measles antibody was 575.40±2.56mIU/ml.In the inhabitant,the level of the antibody was 435.18±2.61mIU/ml,and the seropositive rate was 81.6%,and in migrant population,the level of antihody was 733.09±2.35mIU/ml,and the seropositive rate was 92.0%.The mean level of the antibody and the seropositive rate in migrant population was significantly higher than those of inhabitant(P=0.0001,P=0.024)respectively.Especially in 20-24 age group,the level in migrant population was very significantly higher than that in inhabitant.However,the measles vaccine coverage rate of floating population was 48.7%,which was lower than that in inhabitant(χ2=43.66,P=0.0001).Logistic regression showed the risk factors of the seropositive rate were related with househood and immunization history. Conclusions The migrant population generally has the immunity to measles among the children ≥15 years old.It is very important to integrate measles vaccine into EPI to the young children.


The article describes an example of teaching schoolchildren computer modeling using software and graphical tools of the Scratch environment and the PascalABC.NET programming system. It is noted that the technique of master classes in the work of a programming circle cannot be considered complete if it does not contain an element of evidence and scientific character, and also does not include the student's independent thinking. An example of combined classes in entertaining mathematics and programming is offered, conducted according to the scheme: 1) the study of a mathematical object — some numerical sequences; 2) visualization of the sequence by building on paper according to a certain algorithm; 3) mathematical proof of the closedness or openness of the obtained numerical snakes; 4) developing a computer model using a programming language. The article provides various examples of programs for schoolchildren of different ages and different levels of training. The code given in the article is short, understandable and easily modified, which allows it to be used as a basis for further research. The conclusions are drawn that solving mathematical problems with the help of programming tools makes it possible to combine gaming activities with educational ones and introduce an element of science into the work of a kids club.


The presence of water makes life possible on this planet. Our existence and our economical activities are very dependent on this resource. Proper management of the available water is therefore essential. This research is part of the operational level of quantitative water management, which concerns the daily operation of the water system infrastructure (sluices, gates, pumping stations, etc.). It is done in collaboration between the Delft University of Technology and the Irrigation Training and Research Center in San Luis Obispo, California. The research object is the southern part of the Delta-Mendota Canal (DMC) between the O'Neill Forebay and the Mendota Pool and flows through the western part of the San Joaquin Valley, California. These 75 km of the DMC are divided by nine check structures, creating eight reaches with an average length of 9.4 km. The canal was completed in 1951 and is mainly essential for irrigation supply. The upstream controlled structures consist of three parallel radial gates and two short crested weirs. At the downstream end of each reach an irrigation district has its turnouts located, to distribute water from the canal to the users. The controlled irrigation system cannot respond fast enough to large downstream water demands, resulting in water level deviations in the downstream reservoir. With a faster response, the size and duration of the water level deviations can be reduced. Several requirements apply: 1. the 'solution' has to be an additional component to the controller so that the robustness of the present control system is not affected; 2. only the measuring points upstream of each check structure may be used and 3. the communication frequency is limited to once every 5 minutes. One solution is found in a feed forward controller in combination with re-tuned constants. An alternative solution is formed by a temporary flow controller, but special attention is necessary when dealing with varying turnout flows.


Multimodal optimization (MMO) aiming to locate multiple optimal (or near-optimal) solutions in a single simulation run has practical relevance to problem solving across many fields. Population-based meta-heuristics have been shown particularly effective in solving MMO problems, if equipped with specifically-designed diversity-preserving mechanisms, commonly known as niching methods. This paper provides an updated survey on niching methods. This paper first revisits the fundamental concepts about niching and its most representative schemes, then reviews the most recent development of niching methods, including novel and hybrid methods, performance measures, and benchmarks for their assessment. Furthermore, this paper surveys previous attempts at leveraging the capabilities of niching to facilitate various optimization tasks (e.g., multiobjective and dynamic optimization) and machine learning tasks (e.g., clustering, feature selection, and learning ensembles). A list of successful applications of niching methods to real-world problems is presented to demonstrate the capabilities of niching methods in providing solutions that are difficult for other optimization methods to offer. The significant practical value of niching methods is clearly exemplified through these applications. Finally, this paper poses challenges and research questions on niching that are yet to be appropriately addressed. Providing answers to these questions is crucial before we can bring more fruitful benefits of niching to real-world problem solving.


Thermal and mechanical treatments were used on uranium wires in an attempt to improve the grain of uranium. The results showed that if the geometric dimensions of the uranium could not be modified, some improvement could be obtained by variations of the microstructure during allotropic transformations. However, without previous mechanical treatment, the thermal treatment led only to a strongly irregular and limited improvement. If the geometric dimensions of the uranium were modified, a great improvement was obtained by recrystallization before cold working. A homogeneous microstructure composed of equiaxial grains of an average diameter of 15 mu was obtained by heating the uranium for 1 hour between 500 and 550 deg C, the reduction rite being between 20 and 50%. This treatment, applied to bars with approximately the same diameter as that of bars used in the pile, and with cold working with a rotating hammer led to a very satisfactory improvement of the grain. (J.S.R.)


Hazardous weather, turbulence, wind, and thermals pose a ubiquitous challenge to Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) and electric-Vertical Take-Off and Landing (e-VTOL) aircrafts, and the safe integration of UAS into urban area requires accurate high-granularity wind data especially during landing and takeoff phases. Two models, namely, Open-Source Field Operation and Manipulation (OpenFOAM) software package and Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, are used in the present study to simulate airflow over Downtown Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States. Results show that computational fluid dynamics wind simulation driven by the atmospheric simulation significantly improves the simulated wind speed because the accurate modeling of the buildings affects wind patterns. The evaluation of different simulations against six Micronet stations shows that WRF-CFD numerical evaluation is a reliable method to understand the complicated wind flow within built-up areas. The comparison of wind distributions of simulations at different resolutions shows better description of wind variability and gusts generated by the urban flows. Simulations assuming anisotropy and isotropy of turbulence show small differences in the predicted wind speeds over Downtown Oklahoma City given the stable atmospheric stratification showing that turbulent eddy scales at the evaluation locations are within the inertial subrange and confirming that turbulence is locally isotropic.


A graph G = (V, E) is called a split graph if there exists a partition V = I ∪K such that the subgraphs G[I ] and G[K] of G induced by I and K are empty and complete graphs, respectively. In 1980, Burkard and Hammer gave a necessary condition for a split graph G with |I | < |K| to be hamiltonian. We will call a split graph G with |I | < |K| satisfying this condition a Burkard-Hammer graph. Further, a split graph G is called a maximal nonhamiltonian split graph if G is nonhamiltonian but G + uv is hamiltonian for every uv 6∈ E where u ∈ I and v ∈ K. Recently, Ngo Dac Tan and Le Xuan Hung have classified maximal nonhamiltonian Burkard-Hammer graphs G with minimum degree δ(G) ≥ |I | − 3. In this paper, we classify maximal nonhamiltonian Burkard-Hammer graphs G with |I | 6= 6, 7 and δ(G) = |I | − 4.


'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York 10591, *Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, 3Mammalian Genetics Laboratory, ABL-Basic Research Program, NCI-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, Frederick, Maryland 21702, 4Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720


The utility model discloses an auxiliary power device of an explosive motor which comprises a direct current supply, a permanent magnet, a direct current electromagnetic coil and a current commutator. The direct current supply and the direct current electromagnet form an electrical circuit through the current commutator; the permanent magnet is arranged on the top part of a cylinder of a motor; the direct current electromagnetic coil is arranged at the inner part of a piston of the motor; and the current commutator consists of an outer circular ring, an electric brush and an inner circle, and the whole body is arranged on a connected position of a connecting rod and a crankshaft. The optimization scheme comprises: the bottom of the cylinder of the motor can be also provided with another permanent magnet; and the permanent magnet and the permanent magnet on the top part of the cylinder are arranged in opposite mode with the same magnetic pole. The technical scheme is adopted, the explosive motor does work and magnetic field force generates an auxiliary thrust force to the piston to thrust the movement of the piston, output power is ensured to be unchanging under the condition of reducing oil supply amount of the motor, and then the oil consumption of the motor is reduced.


The Frank vectorcardiograms of 50 patients with complete transposition of the great vessels were analyzed, and the findings were correlated with the electrocardiogram and hemodynamics. The patients were divided into four groups according to the presence or absence of ventricular septal defect and left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. In group I, consisting of 20 patients with ventricular septal defect, the vector cardiograms showed evidence of combined ventricular hypertrophy in 80% of the cases, the scalar electrocardiogram, in 40%.In group II, 13 patients with ventricular septal defect and left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, the vectorcardiogram was consistent with either right, combined, or left ventricular hypertrophy.In groups III and IV, patients with intact ventricular septum with or without left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, the vectorcardiogram was consistent with right ventricular hypertrophy in the majority of cases.


A method for accessing a Personal Network (PN) from a Guest device. In this method, the Guest device (18) receives a service key from a Master device (16) of the Personal Network (15) to which the Guest device wishes to access. The Guest device (18) then sends a device ID of the Master device (16) to a Proxy (12). The Proxy (12) associates a route for accessing the Master device (16) from the Guest device (18) based on the device ID of the Master device (16) and a device ID of the Guest device (18), and sends an acknowledgement to the Guest device (18). The Guest device (18) then sends the service key and the device ID of the Master device (16) to the Personal Network Management (11). The Personal Network Management (11) verifies the service key to authenticate the Guest device.


OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of sonography for revealing osteochondritis dissecans of the humeral capitellum.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS
Twenty-seven patients with capitellar osteochondritis dissecans (27 males; range, 11-20 years; mean age, 14 years) underwent radiography and sonography performed with a 7.5-MHz mechanical sector probe. Lesions were assessed as stable or unstable. The sonographic assessment was compared with radiographic assessment in 27 patients, MR assessment obtained in 10, and surgical findings in 15.

RESULTS
Sonographic assessment agreed with radiographic assessment in 23 of the 27 patients, MR assessment in nine of the 10, and surgical findings in 14 of the 15. Sonography revealed that two lesions, which had been underestimated on radiography, were unstable.

CONCLUSION
Sonography facilitates the assessment of capitellar lesions so that treatment can be optimized.


Fiscal input is the last line of defense to prevent and dispel the harm of public affairs.In this paper,we put forward five strategies to establish the fiscal input system for public paroxysmal affairs,including achieving the fund pattern of reserve fee administration,diversifying the fiscal input channels,increasing the input percentage of preventing expenditure in advance,developing the budget of paroxysmal public affairs,and following the principles of developing and implementing budget to enhance the level of administrating public paroxysmal affairs for the governments.


A large-seeded kabuli chickpea (cv. Burpee 5043) and a small-seeded desi chickpea (cv. JG-62) were grown at different temperatures (10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 C) with a range of inoculum densities of four root pathogens. Root rot or wilt increased with increased inoculum levels of Fusarium solani f. sp. pisi, F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris, Pythium ultimum and Thielaviopsis basicola. F. o. ciceris was equally pathogenic to both cultivars, and wilt severity did not increase with increased inoculum levels of 10 o or 10 5 microconidia and macroconidia per milliliter (...)


It has been stated that the electrocardiogram in pulmonary valve stenosis gives an accurate estimate of right ventricular systolic pressure. Nadas (1957) writes "we have not found any patient with a right ventricular systolic pressure of more than 100 mm. of Hg who has not demonstrated at least one of the following three important electrocardiographic criteria: (1) RVY of more than 20 mms., (2) P pulmonale and (3) changes in the ST segment and T wave through V4. Furthermore, once any of these features are noted, the chances that the pressure in the right ventricle is high, are good." De Pasquale and Burch (1960) and Engle et al. (1960) report similar findings. We have had reason to doubt the value of the cardiogram in the prediction of right ventricular systolic pressure. The present study was, therefore, undertaken.


Nowadays in Japan, public art installations are attracting attention under the umbrella of community renovation projects, as seen in the Faret Tachikawa Art Project (Tokyo 1994), the Art House Project in Naoshima (Kagawa 1997- ), and the Echigo-Tsumari Art Triennial (Niigata 2000-). Projects of this magnitude are achieved through the participation of artists and renowned art directors and producers, with financial assistance from the government or business sector. The host city becomes the center of attraction even for people who previously had no interest in that area. The artists themselves, however, who are involved in such large projects, may have ideas and aspirations that do not always correspond to those of the planners. Indeed, some activities are more like the artists' own projects. In this paper, I discuss the approaches of the artist Sotaro Ide (1966-) who places priority on the "house" and its "memories" in creating his artwork. First, his sense of aesthetics focuses on the dwelling places of memories rather than the artwork itself. An analogy is the cycle of life between the systems of memory which appears and disappears, and his process of creation. He uses fascinating techniques of etching. His unique aesthetic sense perhaps lies in the process of change instead of the permanence of a finished artwork. Next, citing several examples of the public art project, Hatago-cho Machiya Project (Tokyo 2000), Piacer d'amor bush: Asai's house (Tokyo 2000), AINOKURA: Its light and Fusuma Exhibition (Toyama 2001), Vacant House Project in Echigo-Tsumari Art Triennial (Niigata 2006), Watanabe House: the shine and memories (Ehime 2006-2009), I suggest that his idea of regionality and the passion of his works not only characterize his own activities, but are also interconnected with, leading eventually to regional development.


The present work approaches the idea of increasing the efficiency of an industrial steam turbine stage. For this endeavor, an industrial steam turbine stage comprising of prismatic stator and rotor is considered. With the velocity triangles as input, airfoil design is carried out. Firstly, the rotor is redesigned to take care of any incidence issues in the baseline case. In rotor blades, the peak Mach number is reduced in blade to blade flow passage and hence, efficiency of stage is increased. Rotor is made front loaded. After finalizing the rotor, the stator is redesigned. Stator is made more aft-loaded when compared to the baseline case. By making the stator aft-loaded, the efficiency increased by reducing profile losses. This design modification also showed advantage in secondary losses. The total pressure loss in the stator was reduced by a delta of 0.15. When creating an airfoil for stator or rotor, MISES was used in order to evaluate profile losses. The design verification for the stage was numerically done using commercial CFD software ANSYS CFX. Steady state RANS simulations were carried out. The stator and the rotor still being prismatic, only by virtue of airfoil design, the total to total stage efficiency improvement of 0.33% was predicted.Copyright © 2016 by ASME


Objective To observe the therapy observation of combination Tiotropium inhalation capsules and Salmeterol/Fluticasone in patients with moderate-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease at stable stage.Methods Seventy five patients with moderate-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease at stable stage were randomly divided into three groups,25 patients in every group.Group A received Tiotropium dry powder(18 μg) once inhalation once every day;group B were given Salmeterol/Fluticasone(50/500 μg) once inhalation twice every day in 25 patients with moderate-severe COPD at stable stage;group C were treated with combination Tiotropium inhalation capsules(18 μg) once inhalation once every day and Salmeterol/Fluticasone(50/500 μg) once inhalation twice every day in 25 patients with moderate-severe COPD at stable stage.FEV1 and 6MWT were compared in the three groups before and after the treatment three months later.Results The different of the FEV1 and 6MWT had statistical significance(P 0.05) between group C compared with group A or group B,there was no significance between group A compared with group B of FEV1 and 6MWT.Conclusion Combination Tiotropium inhalation capsules and Salmeterol/Fluticasone in patients with moderate-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease at stable stage has stronger bronchiectasis effect,which can significantly improve FEV1 and 6MWT.


Creativity can be regarded as a property of semiotic resource exploration and niche construction. More specifically, and according to this perspective, creativity is distributed, in cognitive niche ...


The system uses a combination of B/S and C/S mixed development.The data management,system configuration in order to improve the efficiency of data processing use the C/S mode,class online inquiries,school ethos and supervision of large quantities of user access module B/S mode in order to improve the system' s ease of use and operability,the play of the respective strengths of the two modes.Automatical dormitory arrangements algorithm uses a whole block of local random.The key algorithm of this paper online hostel management system,the background needs,business requirements analysis,functional modules,database physical design are described.


The major purpose of this study is to investigate the determinants of location of Taiwanese enterprises' investment in the economic zone on Binhai New Area, Liangjiang New Area, Economic Zone on the West Coast of Taiwan Strait, and Beibu Gulf Economic Zone. The study period is 1996 to 2009 and there are three objectives: First, the use of the China's investment environment, economic indicators and regional advantages evaluation indicators, to analyze the development of four economic zone status and competitive advantages and disadvantages. Second, the analysis of Taiwanese enterprises' investment to the four economic zone and industrial development, to explore the area in the future economic trends. This thesis is divided into five chapters. Chapter one is the Research Motivation and Objective. Chapter two is overview of the economic zone. Describe the process of establishing four economic zones, geographical range, traffic conditions and location advantages. Chapter three is overview evaluation and comparative location advantages. Describes of economic conditions and economic zone development. In addition, the use of four indicators include economies of scale, the market size, human resources and infrastructure to assess the economic zones. With the Pudong New Area as a benchmark for comparative regional advantages. Chapter four describes the Taiwanese enterprises' investment in mainland China. Discussion of China investment environment and the development of Taiwanese enterprises' investment. Chapter five is the Conclusions and suggestions. This study hopes to provide to the Taiwanese enterprises' investment wants to enter the China market, location choice assessment reference layout of the Chinese mainland market.


This paper looks at the functional inter-relatedness of relativization, nominalization and genitivization in Thulung Rai. It also compares the situation in Thulung with that in other Kiranti languages and examines to what extent the Standard Sino-Tibetan Nominalization Pattern (Bickel 1999) can be said to apply to these languages.


To the Editor:

The article by Lucas et al1 in the December 1998 issue of Stroke analyzed neuroradiological data in an attempt to provide a reasonable pathophysiological approach to the treatment of carotid artery dissection. It is suggested that documentation of an embolic etiology for ischemia and infarction would provide a reasonable background from which to use antithrombotic medication in an acute setting. On the other hand, a hemodynamic cause of ischemia or infarct could be considered refractory to the effects to agents such as standard heparin or its low-molecular-weight relatives.

Is the pathophysiology of cerebral infarction in carotid artery dissection fundamentally different from that occurring in carotid and middle cerebral artery stroke in general? Is the presence of cortical or subcortical ischemia in carotid artery dissection a fundamentally different pathoanatomic sequence than would occur in the more common ischemic thromboembolic stroke syndromes? If embolic events as well as hemodynamic factors cause brain injury in either condition, the fundamental answer to both questions must be "no." Each initiates a cascade of ischemic injury and potential tissue destruction.

A number of authors have described the lack of benefit from heparin in acute or evolving/progressing stroke.2 3 Whether subcategories are present that may respond to acute heparinization is an ongoing area of interest, with specificity concerns similar to those considered for use of tissue plasminogen activator. Treatment …


The QUICK scheme,CD scheme,deferred correction-TDMA and ADI-PDMA are used to solve the two-dimensional convection-diffusion problem.The two-dimensional incompressible flow in lid-driven square cavity and free convection heat transfer in square cavity are solved with SIMPLER algorithm.Performances of deferred correction-TDMA and ADI-PDMA are compared.The factors influencing the convergence and iteration cycle are analyzed.The calculation result shows that the deferred correction-TDMA is superior to the ADI-PDMA.


Abstract The structure of a microporous titanosilicate, ETS-10, has been solved using a combination of electron microscopy, X-ray and electron diffraction, solid-state NMR and distance-least squares analysis. We describe in detail how these tools have been applied to the structural solution. ETS-10 is a highly disordered, yet crystalline, wide-pore microporous framework material containing octahedrally coordinated titanium and tetrahedrally coordinated silicon. The disordered material can be described with respect to two ordered polymorphs: polymorph A, space group P41 or P43 with a = b = 14·8 A and α = β = γ = 90° polymorph B, space group C2/c with a = b = 21·00 A, c= 14·51 A and α = γ = 90°, β= 111·12°. Both polymorphs have'a three-dimensional 12-ring pore system and polymorph A has a spiral channel.


YAKOB PETERSEIL: To Make a Monster: Manipulation and Invention in Oscar Wilde's The Picture of Dorian Gray and Italo Svevo's Senilità (Under the direction of Federico Luisetti) This study attempts a comparison between two very different writers on the basis of a character who appears in both of their works. In The Picture of Dorian Gray, he is Lord Henry Wotton. In Senilità, he is Emilio Brentani. These characters represent what the Italian critic Giacomo Debenedetti saw as the domination of inner life over action. Because of this imbalance, these characters through psychological and creative manipulation convince others to become actors in their own dramas. Additionally, this study seeks to account for Debenedetti's anxiety over reading Svevo by suggesting that the critic feared these characters because they are able through imaginative means to alter the world with impunity.


An accelerator test stand has been constructed at SLAC to characterize laser-assisted photocathode processing, electron beam emission physics and front-end RF gun performance. The objective of the research program is to identify definitive 'recipes' for high-reliability photocathode preparation resulting in persistent high quantum efficiency and low beam emittance. In this paper we report on timing, optics and instrumentation for the Ti:Sapphire drive laser and diagnostics for the electron beam.


Inthis paper many improvements in dealing with energy quality issues that could arise in electrical drive systems using asynchronous machines are presented. A series active power filter is used in electrical drive systems with induction motors to reduce harmonic current and voltage. We also propose a variety of active power filters with hysteresis current value control. Lastly, some experimental results for an electrical drive system utilizing an induction motor and a PWM converter are provided. These findings are followed by a discussion of the system's energy quality issues.


The paper by Kristen et al. challenges the safety of diphtheria tetanus and pertussis vaccine. The Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety of the WHO has closely considered the reported findings and conclusions of the paper and found that numerous serious deficiencies in the paper did not allow it to reach the same definitive conclusions reached by the authors. In particular it found that the reported observations are incomplete and do not tally and no systematic effort has been made to address the likelihood of bias introduced by the method of data collection. In addition the probability of the results being distorted by confounding factors has not been adequately addressed. Another point of criticism was that the analysis was data-driven and not based on prior generation of a hypothesis. It is important that the safety and impact of current immunization schedules be studied particularly in high-risk situations. It is emphasized however that no change is warranted in current policy with regard to immunization practices including BCG diphtheria tetanus and pertussis oral polio and measles vaccines in national immunization schedules.


This study reports the development and use of an original methodology to measure inflation credibility, as well as the first results of such measurement in terms of an inflation credibility barometer. The barometer is an instrument measuring the degree of acceptance of the accuracy of historic inflation figures. Despite the lack of knowledge about inflation and the low inflation credibility recorded by this first calculation of an inflation credibility barometer for South Africa, valuable information about inflation is unveiled to the authorities. The research results serve as a benchmark, but cannot be compared to earlier research, as this study represents the first systematic measurement of inflation credibility in South Africa. The barometer yields better results than the limited current international measurement of perceptions of the accuracy of historic inflation figures. The barometer (i) reports the credibility of inflation figures as a figure between zero and 100; (ii) will highlight changes in credibility over time with repeated use; (iii) can be explained easily to the general public; (iv) provides for international comparison between countries; and (v) can be used by all countries. The use of inflation credibility barometers and changes in barometer readings over time can also serve as an early warning system for changes in inflation perceptions that might feed through to inflation expectations. Sampling results used to calculate a South African inflation credibility barometer show little public understanding of the rate of inflation. Owing to an increased focus on inflation figures in countries using an inflation-targeting monetary policy, central banks entrusted with such a policy should adopt a communication strategy highlighting the calculation and measurement of the rate of inflation. This study shows that no generally accepted international benchmarks for successful central-bank communication strategies have been developed, but the use of the methodology developed in this study will assist in the assessment of the effectiveness of communication strategies. This study makes three further contributions of significance to available literature on inflation in South Africa. The first is an analysis of price increases and inflation over a period of 85 years


PURPOSE: A composition for forming patterns for manufacturing fluidic channels and the nano/micro sized fluidic channels using the same are provided to obtain the nano/micro sized fluidic channels in a desired shape using nano or micro sized particles. CONSTITUTION: A composition for forming patterns for manufacturing fluidic channels into nano/micro sizes includes the mixture of a hardening resin and nano/micro particles(6). Nano/micro sized fluidic channels include the composition for forming patterns for manufacturing the fluidic channels into nano/micro sizes. A nano/micro sized fluidic channel is composed of a substrate(2), a pattern(4) based on the composition, and an upper plate.


Growth hormone (GH) synthesis is known to be impaired by either abnormally high or low levels of thyroid hormone. To determine the effects of these conditions on the central regulation of GH secretion, we have examined their effects on the hypothalamic regulatory peptides GH-releasing hormone (GH-RH) and somatostatin (SRIF). In thyroidectomized rat hypothalamus, a dramatic increase in GH-RH mRNA occurred in parallel with a decrease in peptide content. The significance of this phenomenon is uncertain and might possibly reflect some posttranscriptional derangement of GH-RH synthesis or an increased rate of GH-RH synthesis and release. In the hyperthyroid group, GH-RH showed significant decreases in both peptide and mRNA levels that might possibly reflect a decrease in GH-RH synthesis and secretion. No change was observed in SRIF peptide or mRNA levels in either thyroidectomized or T4-treated animals. As expected, GH mRNA levels in the anterior pituitary were dramatically decreased by thyroidectomy and unaff...


This report was presented at the UK Organic Research 2002 Conference of the Colloquium of Organic Researchers (COR).Under EU organic livestock regulations introduced in 2000, new restrictions were placed on the use of bought-in feedstuffs in hill systems. These reduced the non-organic annual percentage previously allowed in LFAs from 20% to 10% of annual dry matter intake. A further stepping down of these allowances may be introduced ahead of a complete ban in 2005. Bought-in feed supplements must therefore, be used strategically and offer "best value for money" in terms of ewe performance and lamb growth. The economic cost of supplementing the diet of twin-rearing ewes post lambing with either an approved non-organic feed block + half ration of commercial concentrate mix (B+CCM) or full ration commercial concentrate mix (CCM) was investigated. Lambs reared by ewes receiving the B+CCM diet had a greater liveweight gain than those reared by ewes receiving the CCM diet per kg of ewe supplementary feed. The costs in terms of kg lamb liveweight were lower for the B+CCM ewes than the CCM ewes


Most concrete is produced using calcium (alkali) aluminosilicate hydrate (C-(N-)A-S-H)-based cement. However, the chemistry of this phase in many cement-based materials is still not fully understood. This thesis presents a structural and thermodynamic investigation of C-(N-)A-S-H and C-(N-)A-S-H-based cements to provide insight into the chemistry of these materials.

A mixed cross-linked and non-cross-linked tobermorite-like structural model for C-(N)-A-S-H is developed (the CSTM), which more appropriately describes the spectroscopic information available for this phase. Application of the CSTM to a Na2SiO3-activated slag cement cured for 56 and 180 days indicates the presence of a poorly-crystalline zeolite-like phase. The role of Al in cross-linking of C-(N-)A-S-H is also studied, which provides a more advanced description of the chemistry and structure of C-(N-)A-S-H than previously reported.

A thermodynamic model for C-(N-)A-S-H (CNASH_ss) is derived, which greatly advances the utility of thermodynamic modelling of C-(N-)A-S-H-based cements by explicitly defining Al and alkali uptake in this phase. The chemistry of alkali-activated slag (AAS)-based cements is simulated using CNASH_ss and an ideal solid solution thermodynamic model for MgAl-OH-LDH that is also developed in the thesis. This analysis provides a good description of Na2SiO3-activated slag cement chemistry and accurately predicts chemical shrinkage in this material. Phase diagrams for NaOH, Na2SiO3, Na2Si2O5 and Na2CO3-activated slag-based cements are also simulated. These results can be used to design the chemistry of AAS-based materials.

A detailed analysis of C-(N-)A-S-H solubility is presented, for Ca, Al, Si and alkali concentrations most relevant to C-(N-)A-S-H-based cements and at temperatures of 7-80°C. Solubility products for alkali-free C-(N-)A-S-H change slightly between 7°C and 80°C and as a function of Al/Si ratio. However, less soluble C-(N-)A-S-H is formed at higher Ca and alkali content. These results are important for understanding the stability of C-(N-)A-S-H in the majority of cement-based materials used worldwide.


Abstract: the objective of the present study was to microencapsulate Aceclofenac by cross-linking technique using gelatin as polymer; Microspheres were prepared with different polymer and gluteraldehyde concentration. The microsphere was prepared so as to provide control release preparation andto reduce the frequency of medication. The microsphere so prepared were characterized by micromeretic analysis, particle size analysis, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and in vitro drug release profile studies. Prepared microsphere was free flowing, non aggregate and slightly yellowish due to sesame oil. Aceclofenac loaded microspheres having a fairly high yield (60-88.39%) were obtained with different polymer ratio.


Sorafenib tosylate was synthesized from 2-picolinic acid by chlorination,amidation,nucleophilic substitution to obtain 4-(4-aminophenoxy)-2-(methylcarbamoyl)pyridine,which was subjected to condensation with 4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenylisocyanate and salt formation with an overall yield of 64%.


Resume : L'expansion du world wide web et le volume sans cesse croissant de l'information digital (document, images, videos) mise a disposition du grand public, posent aujourd'hui un probleme crucial qui n'est autre que celui du copyright . Dans ce sens nous assistons au developpement de techniques representants tout un nouveau domaine : le Watermarking . Cet article presente un etat de l'art des techniques de watermarking ainsi q'un apercu de domaines ou ces techniques sont applicables. Mot cles : Watermarting/ FFT/ DCT/DWT. On the Image Watermarking Techniques Applications, Properties and fields Abstract :With the coming and the expansion of the World Wide Web an increased amount of digital information, such as documents, images audio and video data become available to a large number of people. Since the digital network is often used to offer digital media for profit, there is a strong need for copyright protection and a considerable interest in methods for inserting in a multimedia document a visible, or preferably invisible, mark to identify the owner. In this work, we present this new field with more details. An overview of watermarking properties, and a peer evaluation of different embedding domains is done in this work. Besides copyright protection, watermarking can serve to other applications. A survey of them and their respective requirements is also done. Key words : Watermarking/ FFT/ DCT/ DWT. Revue d'Information Scientifique & Technique Vol.12(2) 2002: 39-46


Programmed cell death ligand‐1 (PD‐L1) is a useful biomarker in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who would probably benefit from immunotherapy. In most patients with advanced stage NSCLC, only small biopsy specimens were available for the evaluation of PD‐L1 expression. In this study, we evaluated the feasibility and reliability of PD‐L1 testing on small biopsy samples.


Me looping is further provided a wire bonding method that can be realized more. A first bonding point is after performing the first bonding to the pad (2) of the die (3), performing the second bonding on the wiring 4 second bonding point, and the pad (2) and the wiring 4 to a wire bonding method for bonding a wire (10). Bending the wire 10 protrudes from the tip end of the capillary 6 by a wire cutting process in a bump (12) forming step of forming a bump 12 in advance on the pads (2), and a transverse direction to form a bent portion 15, and to then bond the bent portion 15 to the bump 12, performing the first bonding process, bonding and then wire 10 to the wiring 4, the first It performs a second bonding step. A wire bonding method, a wiring, a pad, cut, bend, bump, ball, point bonding, the capillary


Large scale multi-agent systems are very important in todays world because of their varying uses. The Center for Testing, Evaluation and Control of Heterogeneous Large scale Autonomous Vehicles (TECHLAV) has been tasked to conduct research on Large Scale Autonomous Systems of Vehicles (LSASV). This paper focuses on the proposed testbed system that will help model the large scale system out in the field for Modeling, Analysis and Control tasks for LSASV (MACLAV). The system will use a team of UGVs, UAVs and AUVs to navigate, interact and complete missions through an unknown area as a cohesive unit. A small private cloud provides a computational backbone to the system.


ions. The volume begins with a discourse on the metaphysical relationship between created beings and God, a central theme that occupied the early essentialist Abū al-Hudhayl al-6Allāf (ca. 226/840–1). Here, Frank lays the groundwork for what is about to ensue very effectively. We get a very clear picture of how al6Allāf sought to refine with reductionist elegance the concept of God in its most abstracted form. While his birth and death are contested terrains, we know from other sources that he died under the 66Abbāsid Caliph al-Mutawakkil (d. 247/861) and left a legacy that future essentialists followed. 316 Book Reviews