Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have lately been widely used due to its abundant practice in methods that have to be spread over a large range. In any wireless application, the position precision of node is an important core component. Node localization intends to calculate the geographical coordinates of unknown nodes by the assistance of known nodes. In a multidimensional space, node localization is well-thought-out as an optimization problem that can be solved by relying on any metaheuristic's algorithms for optimal outputs. This paper presents a new localization model using Salp Swarm optimization Algorithm with Doppler Effect (LOSSADE) that exploit the strengths of both methods. The Doppler effect iteratively considers distance between the nodes to determine the position of the nodes. The location of the salp leader and the prey will get updated using the Doppler shift. The performance validation of the presented approach simulated by MATLAB in the network environment with random node deployment. A detailed experimental analysis takes place and the results are investigated under a varying number of anchor nodes, and transmission range in the given search area. The obtained simulation results are compared over the traditional algorithm along with other the state-of-the-art methods shows that the proposed LOSSADE model depicts better localization performance in terms of robustness, accuracy in locating target node position and computation time.


In this paper, a new learning-based method is proposed for the early detection of changes of parameters in power converters. It circumvents the pertinent shortcomings of previous model-based methods, such as their need for acquiring switching signals, dependence on the control method, or the need for isolating a part of the system during monitoring and thus interfering with the system performance or its start-up time. Additionally, a downside of the learning-based approaches, which is that their performance depends on the quality of the measurements, is addressed through constructing hybrid models that combine the benefits of both lines of development. Our approaches are evaluated with several types of features based on wavelet decomposition and empirical mode decomposition. Using these, an ANN-based classifier is trained for fault detection. For achieving the final decision on the presence or absence of a fault state, we propose the use of sequential hypothesis testing. This hybrid approach yields a much higher reliability than instantaneous ANN-based classification, while allowing for a statistically sound cross-temporal information integration and providing a controllable error bound for the probability of misclassifications. The proposed method was evaluated on two data-sets recorded from a buck converter and an arm of a modular multilevel converter. The results show that, for both systems, the proposed method is capable of reliably recognizing changes of the system parameters. The potential for practical applications is shown through an implementation on a low-power-consumption microcontroller.


Some time ago, Katsura1l and Saito2l investigated the Lee-Yang aJ zeros of partition function for the Husimi-Temperley model. 4l.SJ The purpose of this Letter is to study this model again, in connection with general theories of second order phase transition developed in previous r:apers6l (we will use the same notations and definitions as in I and II). We examined in I the phase transition of Ising ferromagnet with the aid of the following two conditions imposed on the distribution function g(O, t) of the Lee-Yang zeros (t>O):


Aims Congenital cataract is the leading cause of childhood blindness worldwide; surgery before 9–10 weeks of age is necessary to optimise visual outcome. We investigated the accuracy of the Newborn Infant Physical Examination (NIPE) red reflex test in the detection of cataracts and compared it to CatCam, a novel hand-held infrared digital imaging device. Methods We first reviewed the notes of all children having cataract surgery under 3 years of age over a 2 year period to determine how and when referral had occurred. Subsequently, we undertook proof-of–concept testing for CatCam in two populations: one of normal neonates undergoing NIPE screening, and secondly in an enriched population of children attending a tertiary paediatric ophthalmology clinic. Evaluation of ease of use and statistical comparison of diagnostic accuracy was made between CatCam and red reflex testing by direct ophthalmoscope (DO). Results 33 children (45 eyes) underwent cataract surgery during the 2 year study period. Only 10 were referred following abnormal NIPE and fewer than 50% were referred before 9 weeks of age. Of the 90 normal newborns examined at the first NIPE check, visually insignificant congenital media opacities were detected in 9 (10%) infants on CatCam imaging alone. CatCam examination was subjectively easier than red reflex testing, particularly in non-Caucasian infants. Finally, 111 subjects attending a specialist clinic were examined with DO and CatCam prior to pupil dilatation and specialist review. The sensitivity and specificity for media opacity was 100% for CatCam and 71% and 62% respectively for the DO (p=0.01). Conclusion Although some cataracts may have developed postnatally, our audit suggests that the sensitivity of the NIPE examination is poor and that many infants with cataracts are diagnosed late. The clinical studies demonstrate the advantages of CatCam over DO examination, particularly its high sensitivity and specificity due to the absence of pupil constriction, better reflectivity of infrared light from non-Caucasian fundi and ability to document the images facilitating a second opinion.


Objective To study the protective effect of methylprednisolone on intestinal isehemia?repedusion injury in rats,and to provide experimental evidence for finding its new clinical uses.Methods In male Wistar rats with or without methylprednisolone treatment,intestinal damage was induced by clamping the superior mesenteric artery for 30 min prior to reperfusion.Methylprednisolone was administered via intravenous infusion 5 min before reperfusion was achieved by removal of the clamp.60 minutes after reperfusion SOD and MDA levels were measured as indexes of mucosal injury,and histological examination of hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections was performed.Results The MDA levels in intestinal tissue and serum significantly increased 60 minutes after reperfusion(P0.01).The SOD levels,in contrast,decreased 60 minutes after reperfusion(P0.01).The results were corroborated by histological evaluation of the intestinal tissue.Administration of edaravone diminished the changes of SOD and MDA levels therapeutically.Methylprednisolone could also improve the changes of mucosa significantly.Conclusion Methylprednisolone has been demonstrated to have prophylactic-therapeutic effect on intestinal mucosal injury induced by isehemia-reperfusion in rats by scavenging free radicals in vivo.


In offshore engineering, the main forces that are loaded onto ocean structures come from wind-generated random waves. The prediction of wave forces that are applied onto slender cylindrical members is usually based on the Morison's equation, in which the wave force at any section of a member is expressed directly in terms of wave kinematics. It is essential to be able to estimate sensible kinematics at all levels of a structure to determine accurate prediction of wave forces and corresponding responses of these structures in a random wave field. Linear random wave theory (LRWT) is the simplest and most often used to simulate water particle kinematics at different nodes of an offshore structure from a reference surface elevation record. However, water particle kinematics calculated from LRWT grossly overpredicts the kinematics above the mean water level (MWL). Methods have been introduced to overcome this problem of high kinematics above the MWL, which consists of using linear wave theory (such as Wheeler, vertical stretching, effective node elevation and effective water depth methods) to provide a more realistic representation of near-surface wave kinematics. This is promising as there is some evidence that the water particle kinematics from the Wheeler method are underestimated and that those from the vertical stretching method are somewhat exaggerated. In this paper, the comparisons of the probability distributions of extreme values from different methods of simulation wave kinematics are investigated by using conventional time simulation procedure.


Deprivation of liberty (DL) in psychiatric inpatient care is common worldwide. As liberty is a central element of patients' rights, there is a need to develop most effective methods supporting patients' personal liberty. The article presents initial results from a study to determine the effectiveness of an information technology (IT)-based patient education programme on patients' experiences of being deprived of their liberty during their in-hospital stay. An overall sample of 311 patients with schizophrenia spectrum psychosis was randomized into three groups: an intervention group with needs-based computerized patient education, a patient education group with conventional education and a control group with standard care. Data on the general experience of DL were collected at baseline and during the patient discharge process. In general, all patients experienced less DL at the time of their discharge. The change in patients' experiences of their DL did not differ statistically between the three groups. Male patients in the standard care group were significantly more likely to drop out of the study than female patients. Although technology-based patient education was not found to be superior to other approaches, we did not find any reason to inhibit its utilization in patient care among persons with severe mental health problems. From the healthcare organizations' perspective, a cost-effectiveness analysis is needed, as the IT education was slightly more time-consuming.


In this paper, we have presented a spatial domain watermarking technique using dual watermarks embedded in two planes of color image. The test color image (medical/ general) of size 512×512 are firstly sliced up into three planes. The two planes (red and blue) are divided into 4×4 non-overlapping blocks. Each plane of the image is embedded with 128×128 sized watermark along with the mean of each block, once its 2 LSB's are set to zero. The authentication of the data is done using fragile watermark which easily detects tampering in images. The proposed scheme reports a Peak-Signal-to-Noise (PSNR) value of 49.07 dB while as Structural Similarity index (SSIM) of 0.9843 is obtained which is better than already existing schemes for the same payload.


The article is dedicated to the problem of development of skills of self-organization as a way of professional self-education and creation of active professional position of a future teacher.


The thickness of the hypodermic fatty layer was measured on 329 subjects aged between 13 and 17 who were school boys and girls of high school and junior high school in Okinawa prefecture, Japan. The measurements were taken from 36 different points of the body and the results were compared with those taken from the persons of a similar age in the other prefecture of Japan and in the neighboring country.The hypodermic fatty layer of the youth in Okinawa prefecture was thickest on the lower parts of the back (E8, E10, E12) by man, and also on the nipple part (B5) by female. On the other hand, its of the youth in the other country were larger on the proximal parts of the lower extremity (M20, M21) than on the points of E8 and E10.Sex difference on the thickness of the subcutaneous fat became largely accompanying deve-lopment of age. This tendency were prominent at all parts of the back, the nipple part, the right side of the navel, the proximal extensor parts of the upper extremity, the shoulder and the proximal extensor part of the lower extremity.Comparing the thickness of the hypodermic fatty layer of Okinawa-Japanese with those by Kumamoto-Japanese, Aomori-Japanese, Corean and Mongolian, former are thicker at the shoulder, the lower abdomen and the waist by man, at the shoulder, all parts of the back and extensor parts of the lower extremity by female than latters, which may be caused by their environment. The distribution pattern of hypodermic fatty layer of Okinawa-Japanese bear striking resemblance to the others, in order of Kumamoto-Japanese, Aomori-Japanese, Corean and Mongolian.


Background: On the background of the ongoing debate whether agoraphobia is a conditioned reaction to biologically elicited panic attacks as proposed by Donald Klein, or whether agoraphobia is accompanied by panic attacks just like other phobias as suggested by Isaac Marks, we aim to study the common and the specific nature of vulnerability/risk factors of panic disorder [PD], agoraphobia [AG], social [SOC] and specific phobia [SPE]. Method: Analyses are based on 3021 participants from a 10-year prospective-longitudinal community survey (14-24 years old at baseline). Lifetime DSM-IV diagnoses and syndromes were assessed via standardized M-CIDI interview. Vulnerabilities in three domains (socio-demographic, family and behavioral-emotional) were assessed. Results: (1) Subjects with PD, SOC and SP were at higher risk for AG, and subjects with AG and SP were at higher risk for panic attacks/disorder. 2) All syndromes were associated with behavioral inhibition (fear). 3) Only phobias, but not PD, were associated with temperament (harm avoidance), behavioral inhibition (social), gender, parental mood disorder, and separation from parents. 4) Parenting style (rejection) was associated to SOC and SP, but not to AG or PD. Discussion: There is some evidence that phobias (particularly AG and SP) are similar with respect to anxiety comorbidity patterns and associations with socio-demographic, family and behavioral-emotional factors, and that these associations are not accounted for by anxiety comorbidity. Risk factors for PD might be rather unspecific and accounted for by comorbid phobias.


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effect of perioperative continuous epidural morphine administration on plasma D-dimer level in patients undergoing total hip replacement.

METHODS
Forty ASA I-II patients undergoing total hip replacement under epidural anesthesia were randomized into two groups. In one group, the patients were given epidural administration of morphine 15 min before operation at 4 mg (in 10 ml normal saline) and for 48 h after the operation at 80 microg/h, while those in the other group received epidural injection of the same amount of normal saline before operation and 0.15% ropivacaine 2.0 ml/h for 48 h in the same manner after operation. Blood samples were taken before anesthesia (T(0)), at the end of operation (T(1)), and 24 h and 48 h after operation (T(2) and T(3)) for determination of plasma IL-6 and D-dimer levels.

RESULTS
In both groups plasma IL-6 and D-dimer levels showed significant increase at T(1), T(2) and T(3) in comparison with those at T(0), and their levels were significantly lower in morphine group than in ropivacaine group at T(1), T(2) and T(3).

CONCLUSION
Epidural morphine can lower plasma IL-6 and D-dimer levels and correct blood hypercoagulability in patients undergoing total hip replacement.


The US Department of Energy (DOE) has many nuclear licensed sites whose Decontamination and Decommissioning (D&D) commitments pose numerous significant challenges for the assay and characterization of nuclear materials. This paper discusses and summarises three such examples. Firstly, the assay of uranium contaminated boxed waste by a Uranium Waste Monitor at the East Tennessee Technology Park (ETTP), the purpose of which is to consign the waste as Low Level Waste (LLW) by providing the 235 U inventory prior to shipment from the site. The waste comprises components of large gaseous diffusion converters, turbine compressors, electric monitors, valves and piping. The principal technical challenge was the development of an ability to reliably correct for the significant cosmic ray generated neutron spallation background from the assay data to leave the neutron count rate from uranium contamination. This was successfully achieved by the use of neutron mult iplicity electronics together with careful site selection, a high counting detection efficiency and the use of neutron shielding materials. The second example is the in-situ assay and imaging of plutonium concentrations within plutonium contaminated gloveboxes, tanks and other process equipment within buildings undergoing deactivation and decommissioning at the Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site (RFETS). DISPIM


This paper introduces the idempotent disturbing norm T_D to the space of the disturbing- valued fuzzy sets. On the basis of the T_D, we define the T_D-disturbing-valued fuzzy normal subgroup then study the properties and structure characters of it. Consequently, the theory of the algebraic structure on the disturbing-valued fuzzy sets is generalized and developed.


Abstract
Objective: A prospective study was done to compare the efficacy of percutaneous versus transcutaneous tibial nerve stimulation forpatients with Faecal Incontinence (FI)who had failed conservative


Simple $pi$-nucleus optical potentials constructed from $pi$-N phase shifts yield poor fits to elastic scattering from He and C below 75 MeV. Forcing a fit gives potentials which are pion producing or in violation of unitarity. The forward position (approx.65degree) and breadth of the minimum are shown to be partially responsible. These features are also shown to require a much stronger s-wave interaction with nuclei than that derived from $pi$-N scattering. (AIP)


Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) is an inherited disease caused by bi‐allelic mutations in the COL7A1, which results in severe blistering of the skin and mucous membranes. Current therapies treat the symptoms but not the disease. Most mutations are either small indels, point mutations that disrupt the folding of the Gly‐X‐Y repeats in the collagenous zone, or null mutations causing premature termination of the protein. Of the 118 exons in COL7A1, 107 are inframe and removal of one of these would not disrupt the mRNA reading frame. Therefore, using antisense oligonucleotides (AO) to alter splicing and remove these mutations could be a potential therapy to treat RDEB. Natural exon skipping removing a nonsense mutation in COL7A1 exon 15 and a single base‐pair insertion in exon 19 resulted in modest increases in functional COL7A1 expression and reduced disease severity in both RDEB patients. Hence, the removal of selected individual exons does not seem to affect the trimerisation of COL7A1, and therefore preserves the fibril function. However, since most COL7A1 exons are separated by small introns, targeting a single exon could impact splicing of adjacent exons. We have found that targeting COL7A1 exon 73 induced robust skipping of exon 73, but also caused removal of exon 74 and retention of intron 76. Further investigation is being carried out to understand and eliminate these non‐specific splice events. Restricting the range for transcript analysis, especially using nucleic acid based assays, could fail to detect the overall effectiveness and specificity of AOs to splice‐switch accordingly.


The contemporary funeral industry exists in a restive, unsettled state within late capitalism. Drawing on a multi-sited ethnography, I discuss recent crises that have revealed apparent cultural contradictions in the funeral industry. The funeral industry mediates and transforms these inherent contradictions as evidenced by the meanings made available to the consumer (via consumables). I argue that many of these constructed meanings are at odds with one another while still permitting consumers to occupy multiple positions simultaneously. This is accomplished in part due to the incorporation of amusement along multiple levels of the funerary apparatus, from the institutional logic of the industry, to the enacted bereavement rituals of participants. Amusement, then, works to resolve, bracket, and perpetuate contradictions.


Norton Reamer, CFA, thinks this is a golden age for independent managers, and he's trying to keep it that way.


Aiming at the of air-breathing hypersonic vehicle kinetic model which includes uncertainty of the aerodynamic parameters,this literature design of adaptive Backstepping controller.Backstepping design method was used to compensate the model mismatch uncertainty,in order to ensure the aircraft tracking a desired height,speed,angle of attack,the rate of change of angle and pitch angle of trajectory.Lyapunov stability analysis was used to guarantee the asymptotic stability controller state.MATALB-based numerical simulation results prove that the designed controller is effective.


A new paradigm is presented for agile maneuvering of air vehicle weapon systems. Maneuvers are facilitated using only aerodynamic moments to rapidly reorient the airframe resulting in extremely high angles of attack. This form of agility is technically challenging as it requires maneuvering through uncontrollable, unstable regions of the flight envelope. The airframe will experience periods of severe degradation or complete loss of aerodynamic control effectiveness. Accomplishing this maneuver increases the range and effectiveness of the weapon through higher terminal velocities and potentially reduces or eliminates the additional monetary and performance costs associated with traditional reaction jets or thrust vectoring. A detailed dynamic analysis is presented along with related challenges.


AS POINTED OUT previously,1 pinworm infections (enterobiasis) still constitute an important medical problem, particularly for pediatricians. In the earlier study it was shown that pyrvinium pamoate, a well-tolerated drug, when given in a single dose at the level of 5 mg per kilogram of body weight, effected a cure rate of 96%, as indicated by seven consecutive negative cellophanetape slides taken one week after treatment. Other workers 2-4 have reported on the efficacy of this drug. This is the report of a study in which the single\x=req-\ dose level was reduced to 2 mg/kg. In a group of 100 children of mixed races and varying ages, cellophane-tape impressions taken early in the morning before arising were found to be positive for pinworms. A single dose of pyrvinium pamoate in syrup form was administered at the level of 2 mg/kg. Cellophane-taping was initiated one week after therapy and continued for three consecutive days. Of the 100 patients, tests remained negative for 98, while only two tests revealed a breakthrough from the treatment. One patient showed eggs on all three days of examination while the other re¬ vealed eggs on the first day only.


The familial incidence of multiple neurofibromatosis, or von Recklinghausen's disease, has long been noted, and most authors today accept the fact that there is a hereditary transmission of the disease. Harbitz, 1 in a review of multiple neurofibromatosis, reported a case of elephantiasis of the left lower extremity and stated that a similar condition had existed in four previous generations. He termed the disease "elephantiasis neuromatosa congenita." Castellino 2 stated, "The disease assumes a familial character and may be transmitted to the first, second or third generations." Preiser and Davenport, 3 in a review of cases in which there were two or more offspring of an affected parent, found that of 115 offspring 50 were affected and concluded, as did Cockayne, 4 that the defect is a simple dominant. The following is a report of a case in which von Recklinghausen's disease can be traced through five generations. The patient,


The purpose of this PhD work was the design and synthesis of new hybrid biomaterials based on a polysiloxane backbone. To do so, several biomolecules were silylated, in order to be incorporated in a multifunctional silicone backbone by a bottom-up strategy. Indeed, in contrast to post-grafting approaches, we set up the direct copolymerization of hybrid biomolecule macromonomers presenting a methyldihydroxysilyl moiety, with the dichlorodimethylsilane (DCDMS). Different types of biomolecules have been silylated: peptides, drugs and imaging probes, each of them affording specific properties to the final bioorganic silicone material. Three main applications are described: (i) the design and synthesis of bioactive PDMS cross-linked materials, (ii) silicone-based nanoparticules (NPs) and (iii) silicone-based polyplexes. PDMS materials with biological properties, either antimicrobial or cell adhesion, were obtained by copolymerization of hybrid peptide macromonomer with DCDMS, vinyl and silane reagents followed by hydrosilylation. Silicone-based NPs resulted from the introduction of several hydrophilic macromonomers at 0.5 to 1 mol% compared to DCDMS. Hybrid peptide ligands targeting cancer cell receptors, PEG and a drug model (Methotrexate) were prepared and copolymerized. At last, we investigated the preparation of siRNA polyplexes involving LysHis-based hybrid peptide macromonomers by an in situ polymerization method.


Qigong Fever: Body, Science and Utopia in China, by David A. Palmer. London: C. Hurst & Co., 2007. xii + 356 pp. £25.00 (hardcover). Qigong Fever is a welcome addition to the surprisingly thin collection of academic writings on qigong, a traditional art practiced by millions in the world today. Unlike other writers, who have focused on specific issues like qigong deviation (Nancy Chen's Breathing Spaces) or modes of transmission (Elizabeth Hsu's Transmission of Chinese Medicine), David A. Palmer chooses to analyze the "body technique" broadly and historically, tracing its beginning from the inception of the CCP to its rise to become the most popular urban religious/spiritual movement in China and finally to its showdown with China's political leadership. In brief, this book shows how "State policies, the interventions of influential and charismatic individuals, and mass training networks created the setting within which millions of unique, individual trajectories and therapeutic encounters came together as a movement" (p. 3). The entire book is tied together with a central argument, that qigong practices can be analyzed as a form of religious expression finding its legitimate outlet in a traditional body technique. Although the cases of Falun Gong, Zhonggong and Zangmigong (which were the three main case studies in this book) do indeed express certain characteristics that one might call "religious", extending this to other schools of qigong that stick closely to the private forms of self-cultivation or that abhor spiritualism make the argument a little tenuous. This issue is further complicated by the contested meaning of "religiosity", a problem which the author dutifully notes, but does not deal with thoroughly in his broad definition of the term. Instead, he says: "as a subjective disposition, religiosity disregards artificial boundaries between the private and the social, between the religious and the secular, between personal pain and political judgements" (p. 25). The first two chapters of the book are a must-read for all who are newly acquainted with qigong in China. The first chapter documents and explains the birth of modern qigong, fuelled by support from individual politicians until the advent of The Great Leap Forward, while the second explores its resurrection in the post-Cultural Revolution years. Using official statements, newspaper reports and information from websites, Palmer recounts the emergence of specific qigong styles patronized by party cadres, the establishment of state-sanctioned qigong research organizations, and finally the various discourses and counter-discourses against qigong scientism. The third chapter returns to an earlier theme, "charisma", as Palmer explores the emergence of qigong grandmasters. Collating survey data with specific case studies, he draws an intriguing ideal-type profile of "the grandmaster", who shares a narrative of origin starkly resembling those of others who had "come out of the mountains" to transmit their gongfa {qigong methods) to the world. Readers will find Palmer's breakdown of the essential ingredients of the qigong grandmasters' charisma particularly enlightening, especially when seen against the backdrops of their claimed lineages and contemporary institutional affiliations. Qigong scientism is the focus of the next chapter, in which Palmer explores how qigong masters acquire legitimation for their methods through appealing to scientific discourses. case studies are used to provide a more detailed account of the legitimation processes, adding to Xu Jian's earlier work, "Body, Discourse, and the Cultural Politics of Contemporary Chinese Qigong" {Journal of Asian Studies Vol. …


Simple Summary Forensic entomology plays a major role in postmortem interval (PMI) estimation, mainly based on morphological characteristics of larvae colonized on decomposed corpses. However, weight and length cannot be used as relevant parameters to calculate the age of wandering at the larval and pupal stages. In order to identify a specific indicator that may serve as a potential target, studies on the mechanism during postembryonic development may provide a foundation to establish a molecular age determination method. Sarcophaga peregrina (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830) is a species of medical and forensic importance. In this study, transcriptome analysis was performed to investigate gene expression profiles from the larval to pupal stages of S. peregrina, which were used to identify differentially expressed genetic markers as candidates for molecular age estimation. This study explores molecular mechanisms during postembryonic development of S. peregrina. The developmental, stage-specific gene profiles suggest genetic markers for age prediction of forensically important flies. Abstract Sarcophaga peregrina (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830) is a species of medical and forensic importance. In order to investigate the molecular mechanism during postembryonic development and identify specific genes that may serve as potential targets, transcriptome analysis was used to investigate its gene expression dynamics from the larval to pupal stages, based on our previous de novo-assembled genome of S. peregrina. Totals of 2457, 3656, 3764, and 2554 differentially expressed genes were identified. The specific genes encoding the structural constituent of cuticle were significantly differentially expressed, suggesting that degradation and synthesis of cuticle-related proteins might actively occur during metamorphosis. Molting (20-hydroxyecdysone, 20E) and juvenile (JH) hormone pathways were significantly enriched, and gene expression levels changed in a dynamic pattern during the developmental stages. In addition, the genes in the oxidative phosphorylation pathway were significantly expressed at a high level during the larval stage, and down-regulated from the wandering to pupal stages. Weighted gene co-expression correlation network analysis (WGCNA) further demonstrated the potential regulation mechanism of tyrosine metabolism in the process of puparium tanning. Moreover, 10 consistently up-regulated genes were further validated by qRT-PCR. The utility of the models was then examined in a blind study, indicating the ability to predict larval development. The developmental, stage-specific gene profiles suggest novel molecular markers for age prediction of forensically important flies.


By using cytochemical method with fluorescent estrogen conjugate, the scalp biopsies of thirteen cases of alopecia areata and four normal men were examined. Specific and variable intense staining in the epidermis, hair follicles and sebaceous glands both in alopeeia areata and in normal then were shown. In the stratum granulosum and the out root sheath of follicles, more positive staining cells were observed in scalp lesions of aloperaa areata patients than in normal scalp,the difference is statistically significant. The pathogenesis of alopecia areata was discussed.

Key words:
Alopecia Areata; Estrogens


To examine the mixing characteristics of jets in an axi-symmetric can geometry, temperature measurements were obtained downstream of a row of cold jets injected into a heated cross stream. Parametric, non-reacting experiments were conducted to determine the influence of geometry and flow variations on mixing patterns in a cylindrical configuration. Results show that jet to mainstream momentum flux ratio and orifice geometry significantly impact the mixing characteristics of jets in a can geometry. For a fixed number of orifices, the coupling between momentum flux ratio and injector determines (1) the degree of jet penetration at the injection plane, and (2) the extent of circumferential mixing downstream of the injection plane. The results also show that, at a fixed momentum flux ratio, jet penetration decreases with (1) an increase in slanted slot aspect ratio, and (2) an increase in the angle of the slots with respect to the mainstream direction.


This paper reviewed the research progress in innovating alliaceous vegetable germplasm resources.The main innovating methods include inter-specific cross,cell engineering,gene engineering.Many important characters,such as disease and pest resistance,herbicide resistance,salt tolerance,cytoplasmic male sterility,etc.were created.The applying prospect of alliaceous vegetable germplasm resources in China was discussed.


An isotropic interaction potential for classical particles is devised in such a way that the crystalline ground state of the system changes discontinuously when some parameter of the potential is varied. Using this potential we model martensitic transformations, and are able to study in detail the processes that are usually associated with them: the shape memory effect and superelasticity, as well as many details concerning the dynamics of the transformations, particularly the characteristics of the martensitic texture obtained as a function of parameters affecting the transformation rate. Here we introduce the interaction potentials and present some basic results concerning the transformations that they can be used to describe, for the particular cases of two-dimensional triangular–rhombohedral and triangular–square transformations.


EDITOR—Murray et al present a good argument against the current practice of weeks of nights.1 However, many managers (and doctors) ask why doctors find even four nights in a row too difficult whereas nurses have managed quite well with a rota that entails a set of consecutive nights. There are …


For researching the effect of the water quality parameters in recycled water on iron bacteria microbe fouling resistance,taking the alternating elliptical axis tube as the experimental subject,the lab analyzes the characteristics of iron bacteria microbe by the way of grey correlation analysis on the water quality parameters effecting on fouling resistance. The results indicate that the maximum weight is COD,and the minimum is ferrous ion content. With the fouling resistance fluctuation,the p H value and electrical conductivity are increased at first and steady later on,but the ferrous ion concentration,COD and DO are declined.


Introduction: Menopause is a change in a womens life, is associated with large number of symptoms and health risks. Hormone Replacement Therapy, the mainstay for achieving therapeutic relief is having serious sideeffects and now a days dietary management have gained importance. Rajonivrittijanya vikara can be managed through rasayana, bhojana and pana. Ayurvedic dietetic guidelines and Bhojana, pana mentioned in Ayurveda would be beneficial in management of rajonivrittijanya vikara. In the present study an effort has been made to analyse the role of dietetics priniciples and dietary regimen in the prevention and management of menopausal syndrome and its complications that would enable researchers and practitioners to have fresh insights in the prevention and management of Menopasual syndrome. Materials and methods: The basic and conceptual materials are taken from ayurvedic classics. Related modern textbooks and research articles published in renowned journals has also been used. Results: Ahara rasa plays a significant role in causing menopause. The principles of ashta aharavidhivisheshayatana, virudha ahara can be incorporated in the pathohysiology of menopausal problems. Ayurveda classics have described the etiopathogenesis of jara, seasonal and daily indicated foods and ahara that have the property of rasayana, balya, dhathupushtikara properties which would be beneficial in menopause. Conclusion-Ayurvedic principles of diet and dietetics can provide new insights to nutritional science for the prevention and management of Menopause.


Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes (SWNT) produced by "Super‐Growth" CVD technique show no evidence for non‐carbon impurities. At X‐Band frequencies an EPR signal from conduction electrons is observed at room temperature. At low temperatures the conduction electrons get trapped, leading to a sharp EPR signal with long‐lived spin states. Using multi pulse techniques the hyperfine interaction to 13C can be resolved. Using low temperature liquid phase filling techniques, it is possible to prepare N@C60@SWNT with filling efficiencies of a few percent. At elevated temperatures, the fullerenes show a quite mobile behavior, especially in SWNT of wide diameter. This motion continuously slows down at lower temperatures resulting in complete immobilization. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


In the title compound, [Ni(C7H4NS2)2(C7H9N3O3S)], the NiII ion is in a slightly distorted N4S2 octahedral coordination environment. The two benzothiazole-2-thiolate ligands chelate via their thiazole N and thiolate S atoms while the methyl 2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetate also acts as a chelate ligand binding through the thiazole and imino N atoms. Intramolecular N—H⋯N, C—H⋯N and C—H⋯O interactions contribute to the molecular conformation. In the crystal structure, intermolecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds produce R 1 2(6) rings and generate chains along the c axis. An extensive one-dimensional supramolecular network of N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and C—H⋯π interactions is responsible for the crystal structure stabilization.


There have been recent advances in brain-computer interfaces for post-stroke rehabilitation. In particular, compact and embedded brain-computer interface systems with neuromuscular electrical stimulation have been developed by industry and academia, and some of them can potentially be used at the bedside. However, limited studies have demonstrated their safety and feasibility for treatment in subacute stroke patients. The aim of this pilot study was to first develop a brain-computer interface system for subacute stroke inpatients that is usable at the bedside and to show the safety and feasibility using a small cohort of inpatients. Four hemiplegic stroke inpatients in the very early phase (7-24 days from stroke onset) participated in this study. The portable brain-computer interface system shows the amplitude of sensorimotor rhythms extracted from scalp electroencephalograms in real time. Patients attempted to extend the wrist on their affected side, and neuromuscular electrical stimulation was applied only when the brain-computer interface system detected significant movement intention-related electroencephalogram changes. Each brain-computer interface training lasted 40 minutes. On average, 120-200 training trials of the wrist extension task were successfully and safely conducted over 3.3 days (range 2-4 days) with the bedside brain-computer interface system. Furthermore, electroencephalogram results showed a new significant event-related desynchronization in the damaged hemisphere after training. These results clearly show the proposed bedside brain-computer interface system's safety and feasibility and also demonstrated electrophysiological plasticity in the damaged hemisphere in subacute patients with post-stroke hemiplegia. Larger clinical studies are needed to identify the brain-computer interface system's clinical efficacy and its effect size in the subacute post-stroke patient population.


Twins Dan & Dave are known for their playing cards design and accessories for magicians. Even that's their obsession they believe that "Hands are an integral part of our craft", so they produce and design hand lotion. It's "Quick absorbing, long lasting moisture that wouldn't interfere when handling apparatus".  We believe them, but more important…


A growth experiment involving three groups of seven individually penned pigs was conducted for 10 weeks to investigate the nutritional value of a form of protected synthetic lysine against its unprotected equivalent. The control group was fed to appetite a basal diet with 18.5% CP and 0.64% total lysine and the other two groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.3% of either ordinary commercial grade synthetic lysine or protected lysine. Two metabolism trials were also conducted with three pigs each to measure urinary nitrogen excretion. Results showed that weight gain in the two lysine supplemented treatments were significantly (P < 0.01) higher than the control and that gain in the protected lysine treatment was significantly (P < 0.05) above the unprotected lysine. There were no significant treatment differences in backfat depth (at P2 position) but feed conversion efficiency in the lysine protected treatment was significantly (P < 0.01) better than the unprotected which was in turn better (P < 0.10) than the control. Urinary nitrogen excretion in the protected lysine group was significantly lower than the unprotected (P < 0.01) and the control.


ABSTRACT Research on the impact of police violence on citizens' willingness to call the police has yielded mixed results, with some studies finding strong effects and others finding none. We contribute to this literature by examining whether calls for service declined in the aftermath of the killing of Samuel DuBose by a University of Cincinnati Police Department officer in 2015. We employ an interrupted time series design, treating the DuBose killing as an exogenous shock that may have altered the trend in calls for service from 2014 to 2016. We gathered data on 911 calls and crime incidents from the Cincinnati Police Department, to which we appended block group-level demographic data from the American Community Survey. We find a substantial unconditional effect of DuBose's killing on the level of calls for service in all neighborhoods, especially in majority Black neighborhoods. The size of these effects is reduced substantially after introducing controls; nevertheless, the effect of the DuBose killing is still significant in calls for service in all block groups and for majority Black block groups. We conclude by calling for increased research on the community-level impacts of police violence.


Synopsis: Analytical conditions and data treatment method for determining carbon content in martensite in low carbon steel were investigated by using an X-ray microanalyzer. The results were summarized as follows: 1 ) The influence of polishing method on the X-ray intensity of C Ka line was eliminated by carefull buffing at finish polishing. In the analysis of martensite phase revealed by etching, abnormal high carbon value was obtained owing to the accelerated carbon deposition on the sample surface. The position of analyzed phase was required to be directed by microvickers indentions. 2) Almost of the coarse grained martensite phase in the steel with 0.4% Ccontained 0.4•`0.5%C.The phase containing 0.2•`0.3% C were characteristic in particle shape. 3) In the fine phases of which size were closely to the resolution limit of the used X-ray microanalyzer, the marking of objective phase and the stabilization of experimental equipment were particularly important. To correct the low analytical values which were inducedby simultaneous analysis of the ferrite phase surrounding the objective martensite, a trial of data treatment was made. (Received Dec.22, 1969)


...........................................................................................................................................................24 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................24 Material and methods ...............................................................................................................................26 Results and discussion .............................................................................................................................30 Conclusion ......................................................................................................................................................36 Chapter III. How many anammox bacteria are present? Quantification of anammox bacteria in different terrestrial ecosystems by a new qPCR method Abstract ............................................................................................................................................................40...........................................................................................................................................................40 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................40 Material and methods ...............................................................................................................................42 Results and discussion .............................................................................................................................45 Conclusion ......................................................................................................................................................53 Chapter IV. Are terrestrial anammox bacteria active? Seasonal variation of anammox and denitrification activities along a Reductisol profile Abstract ............................................................................................................................................................56...........................................................................................................................................................56 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................56 Material and methods ...............................................................................................................................57 Results ..............................................................................................................................................................64 Discussion .......................................................................................................................................................70 Conclusion ......................................................................................................................................................72 Chapter V. Detailed study of anammox along a Catena in the Jura (F) Abstract ............................................................................................................................................................74...........................................................................................................................................................74 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................74 Material and methods ...............................................................................................................................75 Results ..............................................................................................................................................................80 Discussion .......................................................................................................................................................86 Conclusion ......................................................................................................................................................91 Chapter VI. Supplementary experiments Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................94 Material and methods ...............................................................................................................................94 Set up of the enrichment cultures ..............................................................................................94 Nested-PCR protocol evaluation .................................................................................................96 Visualization of anammox cells....................................................................................................97 Cells extraction protocol .................................................................................................................97 Results and discussion ..............................................................................................................................98 Conclusion.................................................................................................................................................... 106 Chapter VII. General discussion ......................................................................................... 109 Chapter VIII. Synthesis and perspectives ........................................................................ 117 Bibliography ............................................................................................................................ 123 Annexes A. Protocols ............................................................................................................. 135 Annexes B. Data ...................................................................................................................... 167


Spectral–spatial EPR imaging reveals the spatial distribution of radicals generated electrochemically in the EPR cavity, and the hyperfine-split EPR spectrum of the radical at each point along the spatial axis.


JULY 25–29, 2006: 4th International Symposium on Countercurrent Chromatography (CCC 2006), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.Contact: Dr. Yoichiro Ito, Center for Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 50, Room 3334, Bethesda, MD 20892-8014, USA. http://www.ccc2006.org Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology, 36: 197–200, 2006 Copyright # Taylor & Francis Group, LLC ISSN 1082-6068 print/1532-2297 online DOI: 10.1080/10826060500533810


The recent rise in bilateral data in service trade has created the possibility to analyse bilateral services trade within the gravity framework. Different from goods, services are much more affected by national regulation. Although these regulation do often not discriminate foreign service providers per se, Kox and Lejour (2005, 2006) claim that national differences in regulation hamper services trade apart from the level of regulation. In order to test this hypothesis they developed indicators for regulatory heterogeneity based upon the OECD international regulatory database. First they tested the hypothesis on total serivces and other commerical services trade. Later on Kox and Nordass (2007) and Kox, Lejour, Venneman (2007) examined this relation for subcategories of services trade and they also applied different estimation methods. This presentation will give an overview of these recent analyses of services trade using the gravity model and discusses the the various estimation methods.


With the wide use of cloud computing services, tenants require higher and higher security assurance. The characteristicsof cloud computing are dynamics, randomness, complexity and openness, which make the original security solutions difficult to beapplied to the cloud environment, so this is a big obstacle to the development of cloud computing. We analyze the features and security challenges of cloud computing, and do a survey on security architecture, mechanism and model. In this paper, we show that thesecurity architecture of cloud computing needs not only the security of many kinds of trusted services, but also the security evaluation of the management and can be controlled.


ABSTRACT Background Families of children with developmental disabilities face extraordinary changes in their life circumstances and needs that require adaptations to create sustainable and meaningful daily routines. The present study explored the adaptation of Chinese families of children with developmental disabilities from an ecocultural theoretical perspective. Method A total of 34 families of children with developmental disabilities were interviewed using the adapted Family Life Interview, and the data were analysed thematically. Results The Chinese families put the needs of their child with developmental disabilities as their highest priority, sought to maintain family harmony, faced an unpredictable future, and experienced limited services to support their endeavours. Conclusion The findings stress the importance of having a deep understanding of the cultural and social contexts that impact the lives of families of children with developmental disabilities prior to developing family-centred interventions to assist families in their changed life circumstances.


The copper(II) azo-dye Schiff base complex (CuL(OAc))2, was prepared and characterized on the basis of el- emental analyses, spectral, magnetic, molar conductance and thermal analysis. Square-planar geometry has been assigned to the prepared complex. Dimeric complex is obtained with 2:2 molar ratio. The IR spectrum of the prepared complex was suggested that the Schiff base ligand (HL) behaves as a bi-dentate ligand through the azomethine nitrogen atom and phenolic oxygen atom. Thermal properties and decomposition kinetics of copper(II) complex was investigated. The interpretation mathematical analysis and evaluation of kinetic parameters (E,A, ΔH, ΔS and ΔG) of all thermal decomposition stages have been evaluated using Coats-Redfern (CR), Horowitz-Metzger (HM) and Piloyan-Novikova (PN) equations. In molecular modeling the geometries of ligand HL and its copper(II) complex was fully optimized with respect to the energy using the 6-31G basis set. The pathogenic activities of the synthesized com- pounds were tested in vitro against the sensitive organisms Staphylococcus aureus (RCMB010027), Staphylococ- cus epidermidis (RCMB010024) as Gram positive bacteria, Klebsiella pneumonia (RCMB 010093), Shigella Flexneri (RCMB 0100542), as Gram negative bacteria and Aspergillus fumigates (RCMB 02564), Aspergillus clavatus (RCMB 02593) and Candida albicans (RCMB05035) as fungus strain, and the results are discussed.


The study investigated Security and Housing Finance Corporation (SSHFC) as a service provider and the welfare of pensioners in The Gambia. This was with the view to determining the effect of Federated Pension Scheme (FPS) at SSHFC on the welfare of pensioners in the country. Both primary and secondary data were used for the study. Primary data were collected through questionnaire administration and policy documents. The population of the study was 3383 respondents which comprised pensioners and administrative staff who were responsible for managing pensions at SSHFC. Using proportionate-to-size sampling technique, a sample size of 345 respondents was selected and contacted for questionnaire administration. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data obtained from the questionnaire while content analysis was used to analyse the documentary data. The findings revealed that the regulatory frameworks for SSHFC i.e., FPS, lacks the necessary components such as Project 59, and a provision to review the computation formula to ensure adequate pensioners' welfare from SSHFC. Also, the findings revealed that there is a significant relationship between the welfare of pensioners and the Federated Pension Scheme services provided by SSHFC in The Gambia. The study concludes that FPS has a positive effect on the welfare of pensioners in country.


The series of workshops on academic writing have been developed by academic writing instructors from Language Teaching Centre, Central European University and presented at the Samara Academic Writing Workshops in November 2001. This paper presents only the part dealing with strucutre of an argumentative essay.


Describes the peak computation offered per unit silicon for RISC processors and FPGAs over the past two decades. Advances in processor architecture allow turning additional silicon area into additional performance. The time unit (seconds) is absolute, not normalized to process, so this represents some actual sacrifice of the increasing capabilities provided by the fabrication process to the design process, more complicated architectures, and increasing memory imbalance. The peak computational density for FPGAs shows at least a 10/spl times/ gap in raw density between processor architectures and FPGAs. The author assesses what this shows and what it means for the design of postfabrication, programmable computing devices.


: To protect information privateness, customers need to encrypt the facts before outsourcing to the cloud, which makes the records utilization, along with facts retrieval, a challenging challenge. It is hence suited to allow the hunt carrier over encrypted cloud facts for helping effective & efficient information retrieval over a huge quantity of information customers & files inside the cloud. Existing approaches on encrypted cloud facts search both recognition on unmarried keyword search or multi keyword come to be inefficient when a big amount of files are present, & for this reason have little assist for the efficient multi-key-word search. In this paper, we are imposing fuzzy search on multi-owner version over encrypted cloud records. By implementing this fuzzy search, cloud users can get the accurate outcomes regarding given query.


© 2020 The Author(s). Published by Enviro Research Publishers. This is an Open Access article licensed under a Creative Commons license: Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY). Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/CWE.15.1.02 COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus, spread from person to person through respiratory droplets and contact. Covid-19 known to affect respiratory system leading to infections ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases with common symptoms such as fever, tiredness, dry cough and shortness of breath or difficulty in breathing1 while some infected people don't develop any symptoms.2 Presently, there are no specific vaccines or treatment, therefore, the best way to prevent and slow down transmission is awareness about the COVID-19 virus, protecting oneself and others from infection by washing hands frequently or using an alcohol based sanitizer, covering cough droplets using mask, non-pharmaceutical layered multiple interventions with optimal timings such as universal closures, social distancing and self-quarantine for its mitigation and suppression.3All these encourage chances of self-recovery through immunity building without any special treatment.


As described in contribution AF99-0335, it is interesting that new security services and mechanisms are allowed to be negotiated during a connection in progress. To do that, new ''negotiation OAM cells'' dedicated to security should be defined, as well as some acknowledgment cells allowing negotiation OAM cells to be exchanged reliably. Remarks which were given at the New Orleans meeting regarding those cell formats are taken into account. This contribution presents some baseline text describing the format of the negotiation and acknowledgment cells, and the using of those cells. All the modifications brought to the specifications are reversible using the Word tools.


The article deals with problems of medical HEIs in the Kyrgyz Republic, related to transition from the model of directive management to a new educational policy. Integration of Kyrgyz education to international modern standards in terms of ensuring quality of education.


The construction and principle of operation of a new type of quartz fiber torsion balance are described. The quartz suspension fiber used can be as small as 0.5‐μ diameter. This enables magnetic measurements to be made on an individual microscopic magnetic particle of about 1‐μ diameter.


Cash conversion cycle is one of the most widely used measures to evaluate and measure the risks and returns associated to liquidity management Since every corporate organization is extremely concerned about how to sustain and improve profitability, hence they have to keep an eye on the factors affecting the profitability. The present study is concerned about evaluating how cash conversion cycle affects the profitability of manufacturing sector organizations listed at Karachi stock exchange of Pakistan. The specific research objective of the study is to investigate the existing literature on the role of cash conversion cycle in enhancing return on assets and equity of the companies and to measure the impact of cash conversion cycle on profitability of the manufacturing companies. The results of the study will be helpful for academics and industry experts for policy making and control purposes. The study takes return on equity and return on assets as measures of profitability to represent dependent variables. Firm size and debt ratio are taken as control variables. Cash conversion cycle is considered as independent or explanatory variable. Study takes into consideration 5 years financial statements data starting from 2007 to 2011. Results showed that manufacturing companies are having low average return on asset and high average return on equity with reasonable average cash conversion cycle. Regression results after adjusting for heteroskedasticity of data to minimize the effects of outliers, showed that cash conversion cycle is having significantly inverse association with both return on assets and equity indicating that lesser the cash conversion cycle greater would be the profitability measured through return on assets and equity. Hence the receivable collection period and inventory selling period must be reduced along with the extension of payment period to increase the profitability of manufacturing sector organizations. The study suggested that manufacturing companies are required to well estimate and evaluate the cash flows of the business, to well identify the long run and short run cash inflows and outflows to timely sort out the cash


12-D-Hydroxyoctadecanoic acid methyl ester is monoclinic (P21) with a=8.380, b=4"861, c= 25.59 A and fl= 102.18 °. The molecules are arranged 'head-to-tail' in single layers in which the chain axes are tilted 69.5 ° to the end-group contact planes. The hydrocarbon chains pack according to the orthorhombic subcell 02 with a~= 4.86, bs= 7.87 and c~= 2.54 A,. The hydroxyl groups are accommodated into the chain matrix without any major local distortion but by a general expansion of the chain packing. The bs axis is thus 0.46 A longer than in hydrocarbons. The hydroxyl groups link the molecules by hydrogen bonds along the twofold screw axis.


Stability is an important property of solutions to many fluid flow equations. In this paper, we focus on the stability problem for two-dimensional Boussinesq equations with only vertical viscosity and horizontal thermal diffusion near a stratified, hydrostatic equilibrium in the domain [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is a 1 D periodic box. We are mainly concerned with the H2-stability of global solutions when the initial data are closed to an equilibrium state and sufficiently small. Due to the lack of horizontal viscosity in velocity equations and vertical thermal diffusion in temperature equation, this problem seems to be not trivial and becomes particularly difficult. In order to achieve our main goal, we divide the velocity field and temperature into two parts: the horizontal average and the remaining oscillation part. Besides, we fully exploit the [Formula: see text]-norm of ∂ x u2 to help us dominate the nonlinear parts. Our result shows that with a small initial perturbation, there exists a unique global solution to the stated Boussinesq equations. In addition, the perturbation remains small for all time. In particular, our result also demonstrates the stabilizing effect of internal gravity waves, which are induced by the stratified background hydrostatic state.


The problem of the waveguide excitation of the closed resonator of lengthened form with variable height, impedance upper wall and metallic lower and side ones, is considered. An iterative procedure joining the cross section method and method of partial domains, is proposed.


We introduce spatial deformations to an array of light sources and study how the estimation precision of the interspacing distance $d$ changes with the sources of light used. The quantum Fisher information (QFI) is used as the figure of merit in this work to quantify the amount of information we have on the estimation parameter. We derive the generator of translations $\stackrel{\ifmmode \hat{}\else \^{}\fi{}}{\mathcal{G}}$ in $d$ due to an arbitrary homogeneous deformation applied to the array. We show how the variance of the generator can be used to easily consider how different deformations and light sources can effect the estimation precision. The single-parameter estimation problem is applied to the array, and we report on the optimal state that maximizes the QFI for $d$. Contrary to what may have been expected, the higher average mode occupancies of the classical states performs better in estimating $d$ when compared with single photon emitters (SPEs). The optimal entangled state is constructed from the eigenvectors of the generator and found to outperform all these states. We also find the existence of multiple optimal estimators for the measurement of $d$. Our results find applications in evaluating stresses and strains, fracture prevention in materials expressing great sensitivities to deformations, and selecting frequency distinguished quantum sources from an array of reference sources.


The author analyzes the new criminal code provisions in relation to criminal law in force, the new Penal Code has dropped explicit mention, as criteria of individualization of punishment, the general provisions of Part penalty and limits set out in the Special Part of Penal Code, as and causes that aggravate or mitigate criminal liability. Also, the new Penal Code was established several general criteria of individualization of punishment on which the judge can make a clearer assessment of the social significance of the individual offense and offender.


Developing multithreaded software has proven to be much more difficult than writing single-threaded code. One of the main reasons is that multithreaded code in current shared memory multicore systems can execute nondeterministically. Each time a multicore executes a multithreaded application, it can produce a different output even if supplied with the same input. This frustrates debugging efforts and limits the ability to properly test multithreaded code, becoming a major obstacle to widespread adoption of parallel programming. Past efforts to addressing the problem of nondeterminism have primarily focused on deterministic replay and deterministic parallel programming models. The former is useful only for debugging, while the latter is typically domain-specific. In contrast, this proposal envisions that shared memory multiprocessor systems should always behave deterministically when executing any shared memory parallel program. The core idea is to make inter-thread communication appear to be fully deterministic by guaranteeing equivalence to a deterministic serialized execution. This can be made efficient by employing speculation and exploiting properties of memory sharing behavior of applications.


Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are used as templates to synthesize regioselective polymers from enzymatic polymerization of phenol in water. About 90% of total polymeric units in the obtained polymers are the highly thermally stable oxyphenylene units. The polymer-yields are dependent on the quantities of CNTs used. On the basis of MWNT-templated enzymatic polymerization of phenol, covalent attachment of polyphenol chains to the surface of MWNT by way of a linking molecule, hydroquinone, is achieved. This approach supplies a novel way for producing high-performance polymers and for functionalization of the surface of CNT.


Phytophthora capsici causes root and fruit rot and foliar blight of pepper. Multiple sources of resistance to Phytophthora root rot have previously been identified, but most display only partial resistance. One source, CM334, has broad spectrum root rot resistance to multiple pathogen isolates but has only low to moderate fruit rot resistance. This study evaluated previously identified pepper lines for resistance to two P. capsici isolates, OP97 and 12889, and compared root rot resistance to fruit rot resistance and genetic structure. CM334 was confirmed as a broad spectrum resistance genotype, whereas all other sources of resistance evaluated were susceptible to infection by one or both isolates evaluated. Although not completely resistant, PI 566811 displayed moderate resistance to fruit and root rot to both P. capsici isolates. Fruit rot resistance had a significant but small to moderate positive correlation (r = 0.26–0.63) with root rot resistance depending on the isolate and length of exposure. Pepper accessions with resistance to Phytophthora root and fruit rot belonging to different genetic subpopulations were identified and could serve as candidates for partial-resistance loci to incorporate into pepper breeding programs.


Based on the heat release model,this paper gives a general mathematical model of unsteady combustion of diesel engines,and develops a relative program.The program can be used to canculate cylinder pressure,temperature,air fuel ratio,and so on.The calculation results of this cycle simulation program are identifical with the test values.


This paper firstly introduces the basic working principle of GPS and the communication protocol which is used by GPS receiver,and then with the example of the GPS chip made by SiRF Technology Company,a solution based on the MSComm component of Visual Basic 6.0 is presented,which achieves the transmission and display of position messages from GPS receiver to PC via serial port(RS 232).Finally a part of the codes and the result are provided.


Glycans can affect basic process of lives and plays significant role in the cell recognition as a part of the living organisms.The research of the glycan had already become a focus of the life science.Glycomic is an emerging field focused on the structure and the function of glycan and was proposed as a new concept based on the glycan research.This manuscript reviewed the frontier of the glycomics from the aspects of background,function,glycosylation,glycotechnologies and pharmacoglycomis.


As one of the most important components of urban space, an outdated inventory of road-side trees may misguide managers in the assessment and upgrade of urban environments, potentially affecting urban road quality. Therefore, automatic and accurate instance segmentation of road-side trees from urban point clouds is an important task in urban ecology research. However, previous works show under- or over-segmentation effects for road-side trees due to overlapping, irregular shapes and incompleteness. In this paper, a deep learning framework that combines semantic and instance segmentation is proposed to extract single road-side trees from vehicle-mounted mobile laser scanning (MLS) point clouds. In the semantic segmentation stage, the ground points are filtered to reduce the processing time. Subsequently, a graph-based semantic segmentation network is developed to segment road-side tree points from the raw MLS point clouds. For the individual tree segmentation stage, a novel joint instance and semantic segmentation network is adopted to detect instance-level roadside trees. Two complex Chinese urban point cloud scenes are used to evaluate the individual urban tree segmentation performance of the proposed method. The proposed method accurately extract approximately 90% of the road-side trees and achieve better segmentation results than existing published methods in both two urban MLS point clouds. Living Vegetation Volume (LVV) calculation can benefit from individual tree segmentation. The proposed method provides a promising solution for ecological construction based on the LVV calculation of urban roads.


In order to improve the efficiency and accuracy in translation teaching, the paper researches on the College English translation teaching strategies based on the perspective of data fusion and cultural construction. At present, the focus of English translation teaching is focused on the teaching of English major translation. This paper analyses the current situation of College English translation teaching in China and discusses its countermeasures. The perspective of data fusion and cultural construction is proposed in this paper to deal with the experiment data. The result shows the proposed method can improve the overall performance in the teaching cases in this paper.


Inspired from the experience of river contract in Wallonia (Belgium), the implementation of a first river contract has been initiated in a West-African country, Burkina Faso, since 2003. In the program of actions approved by the river committees in December 2005, the protection of water resources and grounds was taken into account. The first realized actions contributed to slow down the degradation of the ecosystems by recreating a space buffer between the river and the cultivated zones. A first project of restoration of the gallery forest alongside the stream was implemented to fight against desertification. This project arouses a strong mobilization of the local actors and demonstrates that such a contractual tool of participative management can make an interesting contribution in favour of an integrated management of waters and grounds. In a river contract, these two resources are associated in a common reflection which transcends still too often sector-based policies.


How does Vietnam's public safety net affect outcomes for the poor? Although social welfare programs in Vietnam are centrally mandated, they are locally implemented according to local norms and local poverty standards and often rely heavily on local financing. The author examines the coverage, incidence, and horizontal equity of the programs that can be identified in the data from the Vietnam Living Standards Survey. She looks at the role of location in determining whether the poor are assisted nationally. And she explores dynamic incidence between 1993 and 1998 and the degree to which programs performed a safety net function. The author's analysis shows that coverage and payments to households are low and have had a negligible impact on poverty. In principle, better targeting could improve the impact of current outlays. The analysis also shows that the system was ineffective in protecting households that were vulnerable to shocks. Finally, the results suggest that although there is a greater concentration of poverty-related programs and greater household participation in poorer communes, the system spends more (absolutely and relatively) on the poor in richer communes.


HIV/AIDS risk reduction interventions have been based on 5 psychological models: Transtheoretical Model of Change, AIDS Risk Reduction Model, Social Cognitive Theory, Theory of Reasoned Action, and Theory of Planned Behavior. This longitudinal study examined changes in condom use as a function of variables from these theories. Risk assessment, "stages of change," and condom use questionnaires were administered to 78 crack smokers or intravenous drug users with a main partner recruited from 2 US towns. Networks of subjects were randomly assigned to a standard intervention (2 educational sessions including basic information about HIV and its prevention as well as demonstrations and practice of correct condom use and cleaning of drug injecting equipment) or an enhanced program (2 additional sessions in which participants set individual risk reduction goals and identified barriers to change). Logistic regression analysis indicated that changes in condom use after 6 months were not predicted by age, gender, ethnicity, type of drug use, perceived HIV risk, or intervention group. Having multiple sex partners significantly predicted increased condom use. The 2 strongest predictors of increased condom use were self-reported assertiveness and the stage of change. High assertiveness at intake (odds ratio, 4.97) and a plan to start using condoms in the next 6 months (odds ratio, 15.49) were significant predictors of an increase in condom use at 6-month follow-up. Proposed is a model that combines Theory of Planned Behavior and Social Cognitive Theory and conceptualizes assertiveness as the mediator between intention and behavior change.


A simple and efficient method for load shedding based on frequency response calculation in power systems is presented in this paper. The frequency response is computed by an efficient and accurate method. This method gives an analytical expression for calculation of frequency response using parameters of power system, which is suitable for frequency response calculation. In order to test and verify the proposed method, simulations were carried out on system dynamic model. Simulation of frequency response can be done by change of load. In the simulation, a step load is used which represents changes of load in the system.


A technique is described which utilises a long-gate m.o.s.f.e.t. structure to measure carrier density and drift mobility profiles in submicrometre epitaxial and ion-implanted layers. Both profiles are recovered right up to the semiconductor surface. Application of the method to studying carrier transport processes in layers for short-gate f.e.t.s indicates that mobility degradation due to diffuse surface scattering occurs, resulting in a surface-mobility/bulk-mobility ratio varying between 0.5 and 1


Fractal geometry and percolation theory have been recently suggested as a new way to look at old problems pharmaceutical technology. In the present study, we wanted to detect the occurence of a fractal pattern in the microscopic image of emulsions and identify possible changes of the fractal dimension due to the loss of stability in the preparation over time. Increase of mean particle size is accompanied by the a reduction in the number of droplets which is reflected by a decrease in the complexity of the image, as demonstrated by a fall in the fractal dimension D. Determination value of D may therefore help to predict the behaviour of emulsions and their stability


Abstract : In situ thermal technologies have undergone rapid development and application in recent years as they promise the potential of quicker and more thorough treatment of nonaqueous phase liquid (NAPL) source zones. These technologies include electrical resistance heating (ERH), conductive heating/in situ thermal desorption (ISTD), steam-enhanced extraction (SEE), radio frequency heating (RFH), and large-diameter auger (LDA) soil mixing combined with steam/hot air injection. Each involves raising the subsurface temperature to achieve contaminant removal by some combination of the following: a) viscosity reduction to enhance mobility and liquid removal by pumping, b) vapor pressure increase (and in some cases in situ steam generation) to enhance removal by vapor extraction, and c) increased reaction rate (i.e., biodegradation or in situ oxidation) to destroy contaminants in situ. Because of the growing interest and application of in situ thermal remediation technologies, Environmental Security Technology Certification Program (ESTCP) funded the study Critical Evaluation of State-of-the-Art In Situ Thermal Treatment Technologies for DNAPL Source Zone Treatment (ER-0314). This document is one product of that work. It is intended to be a useful tool and primer for program managers considering the use of thermal technologies at their sites. This document is divided into three main sections: * Brief introductions to the most common in situ thermal technologies * Summaries of key information from review of 182 thermal applications conducted from 1988 to 2007, focused on groundwater quality improvement * An appendix containing more in-depth discussion of the state-of-the-practice for ERH, ISTD, steam/hot air injection, and in situ soil mixing combined with steam/hot air injection, authored by technology vendors. References are also included at the end of the main body of the report for those seeking additional knowledge and perspectives on these technologies.


We describe experiments on a novel type of magnetospheric interaction. A localized source produces plasma which expands outward from surface of the dipole and inflates magnetic field. Such scenario can be applied to weakly magnetized Hot Jupiter at close orbit. Intense erosion and evaporation of atmosphere and subsequent gas ionization by EUV radiation may produce sufficiently strong plasma outflow to influence overall particle loss balance and magnetopause stand off distance [1]. 1. Experimental set up and results In laboratory experiment symmetrical plasma outflow was generated by discharge along cable surface. Injector design is shown in fig. 1. Two such injectors are fasten to a cylindrical casing with size ∅9 7 cm inside of which a pulsed magnetic dipole with moment up to MD=3⋅10 G⋅cm is placed as shown in fig. 2. Diagnostics consisted of Langmuire probes, Faraday cap, Rogovski coil and magnetic probes. Figure 1: Sketch of plasma injector made of a coaxial cable. Discharge consists of damped oscillations, and first four half-cycles produce sequential plasma flows. Repetitive flows overlap sufficiently well to constitute a continues flux. At the time when the fourth half-cycle starts to generate plasma, the plasma produced by the first half-cycle reaches distance of about 40 cm which is much larger than the injector size. Interaction of expanding plasma with dipole field is determined by Alfven-Mach number. From measured ion current and given dipole field it was calculated that a critical value MA=1 is reached at a distance of about 15 cm. In fig. 2 profile of total magnetic field which is a sum of variation generated by plasma in dipole field and the dipole field itself is shown. One can see that at R<20 cm expanding plasma decreases dipole field, while at R>20 cm increases it. Moreover, at R>25 cm generated field is much larger than the initial dipole one and is still increasing at the end of the measurement range. Figure 2: Picture of coil injectors put over dipole casing. Also shown is profile of total magnetic field ( ) measured in equatorial plane and initial dipole field (gray). EPSC Abstracts Vol. 7 EPSC2012-149 2012 European Planetary Science Congress 2012 c © Author(s) 2012 EPSC European Planetary Science Congress To measure current in plasma Rogovski coil with diameter 4 cm was employed. It appears that current is strongly localized around equatorial plane having width of about ∆Z=6 cm at R=20 cm as demonstrated in fig. 3. Figure 3: Profiles of radial component of magnetic field δBr ( ) and Jφ component of current in plasma ( ) across the equatorial plane at a radial distance


Image matting refers to the task of estimating the foreground of images, which is an important problem in image processing. Recently, trimap generation has attracted considerable attention because designing a trimap for every image is labor-intensive. In this paper, a two-step algorithm is proposed to generate trimaps. To use the proposed algorithm, users must only provide some clicks (foreground clicks and background clicks), which are employed as the input to generate a binary mask. One-shot learning technique achieves remarkable progress on semantic segmentation, we extend this technique to perform the binary mask prediction task. The mask is further used to predict the trimap using image dilation. Extensive experiments were performed to evaluate the proposed algorithm. Experimental results show that the trimaps generated using the proposed algorithm are visually similar to the user-annotated ones. Comparing with the interactive matting algorithms, the proposed algoritm is less labor-intensive than trimap-based matting algorithm and achieved more accuate results than scribble-based matting algorithm.


BACKGROUND
Understanding the morphologic alterations of the human face over the time is an essential step towards optimal simulations of facial age progression. In practice, these simulations contribute to the forensic routine by tracking and recognizing missing persons.

OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to assess the morphometric facial alterations with aging - concerning specifically the development of ear, nose and lip in relation to other facial structures.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
The sample consisted of 700 photographs taken standardly in frontal view from male and female Caucasian subjects aged from 20 to 80 years old. The sample was divided in 7 age groups (20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 and 80 years old), in which 50 males and 50 females were distributed homogenously. Photoanthropometric analysis was applied with SAFF 2D® 2.0.05 (SEPAEL/INC, Federal Police, Brazil) software package considering 36 facial landmarks. A single examiner analyzed the sample aided by two other examiners for the assessment of intra-/inter-rater reliability.

RESULTS
The most evident alterations found in the facial structures consisted of the enlargement of the nose and ears with aging, as well the reduction in size of the lip thickness. These alterations varied considerably in the specific age ranges studied in this research being different between males and females.

CONCLUSION
The present outcomes indicated the possibility of quantifying morphometric alterations observed in the human face with aging. These alterations may support the forensic practice providing tools for age estimation based on photographic analyses.


For at least two decades, the information technology (IT)-school link has dominated as one of the top issues in education. Many government authorities around the world believe that IT, thoughtfully integrated into the curriculum, will provide students with skills necessary to compete and survive in the 21st century. As for Hong Kong it is currently in the midst of education reform and thus the entire education community is facing the question of how to transform or reengineer our schools to bring about a holistic reform of the entire system of which the integration of IT into classroom settings is one element.

In order to effect a paradigm shift it is important that our teachers appreciate the need for the shift and are receptive to the challenge of taking up their new role as a learning facilitator. It would mean a cultural change for teachers who are only familiar with the textbook-based approach of teaching and, for those who have had no exposure to computing so far, an IT literacy challenge altogether. Therefore active steps need to be taken to assist teachers to transit to the new mode of teaching to move them away from the traditional textbook-based approach to pedagogy so that diversified models of teaching which include elements of IT can be introduced into classrooms. Teachers need to be able to use IT as productivity tools, and act as facilitators of learning in order to facilitate the learning of their students. They need a keen awareness of the use of IT to support self-learning and co-operative and life-long learning.

To bring about this change the Hong Kong Institute of Education (HKIED) has recently adopted a policy for Information Technology Competency in Education (ITCE). The Institute recognises the urgent need for our preservice education programs to explicitly emphasise integration of IT use in the subject content areas and within individual curriculum units. The study programme is now structured in such a way so as to enable students to use IT to support their curriculum most effectively throughout all modules. Through this systematic approach we sincerely hope that our students will go out into Hong Kong schools to be change agents for our next generation of students. We hope that information technology has the potential to drive new models of teaching and learning so that in the 21st century our students can effectively integrate information technology into a context of standards-based curriculum, constructivist pedagogy, and authentic assessment.


Partial table of contents: FIRST PRINCIPLES. Some Preliminaries. Structure and Bonding in Molecules. The Chemistry of Selected Anions. Solvents, Solutions, Acids, and Bases. THE MAIN GROUP ELEMENTS. Hydrogen. The Group IIA(2) Elements: Beryllium, Magnesium, Calcium, Strontium, and Barium. The Group IIIB(13) Elements: Aluminum, Gallium, Indium, and Thallium. The Group IVB(14) Elements: Silicon, Germanium, Tin, and Lead. The Group VB(15) Elements: Phosphorus, Arsenic, Antimony, and Bismuth. The Group VIB(16) Elements: Sulfur, Selenium, Tellurium, and Polonium. The Noble Gases. TRANSITION ELEMENTS. Introduction to the Transition Elements: Ligand Field Theory. The Elements of the Second and Third Transition Series. The Actinide Elements. SOME SPECIAL TOPICS. Organometallic Compounds. Bioinorganic Chemistry. Appendices. Glossary. Index.


By using the Wronskian technique, rational solutions of classical Boussinesq system are derived in this paper. Some of them are rogue wave solutions with singularity at point (x = 0, t = 0).


In this paper, techniques to improve the resistance against differential power analysis (DPA) attacks of precharged busses in cryptographic circuits are discussed. In particular, two techniques that were previously introduced by the same authors are properly mixed to further enhance the immunity to DPA attacks. The achieved robustness against DPA attacks is shown to be considerably improved, compared with the case of a separate adoption of each technique. Criteria to manage the security-power-area trade-off are also derived from a statistical analysis of precharged busses. The mixed technique is finally validated by means of both cycle-accurate and circuit simulations on the DES encryption algorithm running on a MIPS32 architecture.


The melting curve of enstatite, MgSiO3, has been determined in the pressure range 5 to 46 kb. The data can be fitted by a smooth curve originating at the incongruent melting point at atmospheric pressure (1557°C). Simon constants for this curve are A = 28.5 and c = 5.01. The initial slope is 12.8 deg/kb, but it flattens to about 6 deg/kb in the range 40 to 50 kb. The melting curve is intersected by the polymorphic transition protoenstatite ⇄ rhombic enstatite, with rhombic enstatite as the high-pressure phase. The transition curve is approximately T = 985°C + 84P (kb), with the triple point protoenstatite-rhombic enstatite-liquid at 1650°C and 8.0 kb. Enstatite melts congruently at high pressure. Experimental data show that the pressure at which the melting changes from incongruent to congruent must be less than 5.4 kb. Thermodynamic calculations indicate that it is probably about 2.3 kb. These data suggest that rocks which show textural evidence of an olivine-liquid reaction relation have developed this relation at relatively shallow depth, probably less than about 9 km.


We discuss the signatures of an evolving accretion disk around the nucleus of NGC 1097, based on observations of its double-peaked H-alpha emission-line profile which cover a time span of 10 yrs. The monitoring of the profile has allowed us to better constrain the inner radius of the accretion disk, and to propose a scenario in which the ionizing source is getting dimmer and making the peak of the disk emissivity to drift inwards.


facts the approximate volume of crime in this country, and whether it shows a rising or falling tendency. We indulge in much guess-work, and the chief guessers seem particularly fascinated by speculation concerning the cost of crime. The great social burden each one of us must help bear on account of crime is patent enough. We may even be inclined to subscribe to extravagant estimates of the annual budget to be met in order to prevent, detect, and punish crime. But, in the expressive vernacular, we have not cared sufficiently to find out where we are at. In other civilized lands they have. For our country at large the decennial federal enu? merations of prisoners have been and continue to be the chief source of information. But even an ideal census of


The evaluation of dynamic characteristics of rotating machinery such as natural frequency, mode shapes, stiffness and damping coefficients is very important and must be carried out in the beginning in the design and fabrication of any rotating machines. The fail estimation of these characteristics can lead to reducing the longevity or damaging of machinery. Therefore it is very essential to design and build a small test rig for performing the experimental tests in order to investigate the behaviors of the machinery. The characteristics of the test rig in detail are descripted first. It is followed by the introduction of the installed sensors and their specifications. Some preliminary tests have been performed to check the functions of the system.


The initial alkali corrosion process of ZrO2 containing glass was investigated. Alkali-resistant glass fiber which contains about 15wt% of zirconia was immersed in 1N NaOH and KOH solutions for 1 to 29 days at 50°C. Quantitative analysis of dissolved elements in the alkali solution and surface analysis by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) of corroded glass were performed. The amount of Si dissolved was approximately propotional to t0.8, whereas the amount of Zr dissolved remained constant with increasing immersion time. Changes of Zr/Si, Na/Si, Si/O surface atomic ratios and binding energies of photoelectron peaks indicated that despite the difference in the reaction rate the initial corrosion mechanism was the same for NaOH and KOH and that the reaction process consisted of two stages. From the depth profile analysis of Zr/Si, Na/Si, (Si+Zr)/O atomic ratios, in the first stage Zr and Na are enriched at near surface region of 2-10nm depth and this region was inferred to be formed by reprecipitation of dissolved Zr. In the second stage, the Zr-rich layer grows by Si diffusion and its composition was expressed as (Si1-xZrx)O2 (x=0.6-0.7). The first and second stages are reaction- and diffusion-controlled processes respectively. Apparent suppression of Si dissolution by this layer was not observed under these experimental conditions. Transition from the first to second stage occurred when the corrosion by dissolution of Si reached 40-60nm from the initial surface.


Recently, George Beck conjectured and George Andrews proved a handful of novel congruences concerning the rank statistic of Dyson and the crank statistic of Andrews and Garvan. In this paper, we shall prove two identities concerning the weighted rank and crank moments, from which more congruences of Andrews–Beck type may be deduced.


This study aims to note the effects of using concept map along with the Teaching Courseware of Form 1 Science (Ministry of Education, Malaysia) in increasing the environmental knowledge and awareness. The focus of the study is on Chapter 5 of the Form 1 Science subject: ''Air Pollution – The Effects, Preventing and Controlling''. Seventy form 1 students from two secondary schools were the respondents. The pre-test and post-test were administered on both groups to determine their level of knowledge and awareness. This quasi-experiment compares the use of concept map with courseware as opposed to the use of the courseware by itself. The respondents of the experimental group went through the three stages of concept map building (individual, group and with teacher's guidance) after learning to utilise the courseware. However, the control group learns with the help of the courseware only. The concept map serves as the independent variable in this study whereas the dependent variables are the knowledge and the awareness of the environment. The moderator variable is the high and low achievement of the students in the science subject for the UPSR examination. Data for the pre-test and post-test were analysed using the independent samples t-test and the Pearson correlation test. The score of the pre-test and post-test showed that there was a significant difference between both the groups with the increase favouring the experimental group. The low achievement students showed a significant increase in their environmental knowledge compared to the high achievement students. The correlation test showed a positive relationship between knowledge and awareness of the environment. The results suggest that the use of concept map with courseware is the best combination of cognitive strategy for the classroom in increasing the knowledge and awareness of the environment among students.


The purpose of this research is to know the practical implementation of the morphology of the plant biology education students FKIP UMS 2017/2018 school year. This research is descriptive research with the research sample is a student semester 1 Biology education UMS, which travels the eyes of practical morphology of plants taken with Taro Yamane formula to get the number of samples in overall by as much as 81 students. Data collection techniques by using question form. The results of the analysis of the data shows that in practical plant morphology, 91% of students familiar with plants/preparations are used, 53% of the students stated the time used in practical enough to complete the practical work, and from the a series of practical work each meeting there is a 65% of students who have difficulty in observing and drawing plant organs into practical report. Key words: analysis, practical plant morphology