Radio frequency power amplifiers operate most efficiently in the compression region and become less efficient as signal peak-to-average power ratio increases. This is due to the amplifier spending more time operating below peak power and, thus operating below its maximum efficiency. However, the use of the envelope tracking technique can dramatically increase the efficiency of RF transmitters. In this work, a Volterra series-based behavioral model with compressed sampling is developed for an efficiency optimized envelope tracking power amplifier. The proposed method reduces the total number of coefficients needed by the Volterra series model and enables accurate behavioral modeling of nonlinear envelope tracking power amplifiers. Experimental results carried on a GaN based power amplifier driven by a four-carrier 18 MHz WCDMA signal demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model and approach.


Devices and methods are provided for early access of command. Fetch queue is coupled to the instruction cache is configured to store a mixture of the co-processor command for the command processor and a second processor for the first processor. Coprocessor instruction selector is coupled to the fetch queue and is configured to copy the coprocessor instruction from the fetch queue. Queue is coupled to the co-processor command selectors, the coprocessor instruction from the queue are accessible for execution before the coprocessor instruction is to be issued by the first processor. Execution of copy coprocessor instruction begins in the coprocessor before the coprocessor instruction to be issued to the processor. Execution of the copied coprocessor instruction is completed on the basis of the information received from the processor after a coprocessor instruction is issued to the processor.


Variation in DNA methylation between individuals has been shown to be influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. However, the relative impact of genetic and non-genetic factors on DNA methylation patterns across the mammalian genome has not been systematically studied. We performed whole-genome methylation analysis in two inbred mouse strains, revealing striking differences in the global distribution of DNA methylation. Although global methylation patterns were indistinguishable for most genomic features, a significant increase in the number of unmethylated CpG-island promoters and first exons was observed between strains. Experiments using F1 reciprocal hybrid strains demonstrated that the genotype of the mother dictated global DNA methylation patterns. Cross-fostering experiments ruled out a postnatal maternal effect on these differences and suggested that they were driven by a prenatal maternal effect, possibly via differential deposition of maternal gene products into the oocyte or uterine environment. These data demonstrate that maternal effects have a major impact on global DNA methylation patterns.


Elevated plasma lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels can be found in a great variety of conditions, including systemic infections or inflammation, muscle injury, hemolysis, thromboembolism, or malignancy. An uncommon and benign cause of such elevation is the presence of immune complexes called macroenzymes. A firm diagnosis of the underlying cause is therefore essential. However, the diagnosis is not always obvious, and other manifestations of the disorder need to be considered. We report the case of a 50-year-old woman with no prior history of interest and diagnosed with primary hyperthyroidism (undetectable TSH, FT3 15.41 pg/mL [normal range 2.5--3.9], FT4 39.9 pg/mL [5.8--16.4]), for which antithyroid treatment was started (methimazole 20 mg/day). The results of the complementary tests were consistent with Graves--Basedow disease (anti-TSH receptor antibodies [TRab] 23 mIU/mL [0--1.5]; a significant increase in vascularization in both thyroid lobes as revealed by ultrasound). During follow-up (16 weeks after starting methimazole), the patient developed multiple joint pain in the hips and ankles, with LDH 1175 /L (240--480), the remaining biochemical parameters and blood count values being within normal ranges. Her general condition was excellent, and the physical examination yielded no data of interest. Since treatment with antithyroid drugs may trigger arthralgia and osteoarthritis, the patient was evaluated by Rheumatology, which ruled out disease. The subsequent biochemical controls showed persistent LDH elevation (>1000 /L). The patient reported newly manifesting


In this work the authors describe the first case of Lepidochelys kempii stranding (Garman, 1880) happened in Italian waters (Sicily, Messina) and considered to be the fifth in the entire Mediterranean Sea. A young individual was recovered with a longline hook in its oesophageal.


The paper presents the completed case of comprehensive staged surgical treatment of a patient with caudal regression syndrome combined with multiple malformations performed in Novosibirsk RITO in 2010-2012. Evaluation of the child's condition was performed using clinical and radiological methods. Results of the treatment for rare severe malformation of the spine combined with multiple developmental musculoskeletal defects are demonstrated, and the opportunities of reconstructive surgery in the treatment of multiple defects of musculoskeletal system are presented. Hir. Pozvonoc. 2014; (3):106-111.


Hans-Joachim Voth last updated: 14.02.09 Description: Financial crises are a recurrent feature in modern economies. They were as common in the 19th century as they are today. This course examines financial crises, banking collapses, and credit crunches over the last 200 years. Starting with the subprime crisis, it analyses underlying factors that generate instability in financial markets. Using a mix of recent and historical episodes, the course examines the causes and consequences of banking crises and of asset price bubbles, and concludes with a discussion of policy implications.


As a preliminary step of many applications, skin detection serves as an irreplaceable role in image processing applications, such as face recognition, gesture recognition, web image filtering, and image retrieval systems. Combining information from multiple color spaces improves the recognition rate and reduces the error rate because the same color is represented differently in other color spaces. Consequently, a hybrid skin detection model from multiple color spaces based on a dual-threshold Bayesian algorithm (DTBA) has been proposed. In each color space, the pixels of images are divided into three categories, namely, skin, nonskin, and undetermined, when using the DTBA. Then, nearly all skin pixels are obtained by using a specific rule that combines the recognition results from multiple color spaces. Furthermore, skin texture filtering and morphological filtering are applied to the results by effectively reducing false identified pixels. In addition, the proposed skin model can overcome interference fr...


We recently showed that phosphoinositide-3-kinase-&ggr;–deficient (PI3K&ggr;−/−) mice have increased cardiac contractility without changes in heart size compared with control mice (ie, PI3K&ggr;+/+ or PI3K&ggr;+/−). In this study, we show that PI3K&ggr;−/− cardiomyocytes have elevated Ca2+ transient amplitudes with abbreviated decay kinetics compared with control under field-stimulation and voltage-clamp conditions. When Ca2+ transients were eliminated with high Ca2+ buffering, L-type Ca2+ currents (ICa,L), K+ currents, and action potential duration (APD) were not different between the groups, whereas, in the presence of Ca2+ transients, Ca2+-dependent phase of ICa,L inactivation was abbreviated and APD at 90% repolarization was prolonged in PI3K&ggr;−/− mice. Excitation-contraction coupling (ECC) gain, sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ load, and SR Ca2+ release fluxes measured as Ca2+ spikes, were also increased in PI3K&ggr;−/− cardiomyocytes without detectable changes in Ca2+ spikes kinetics. The cAMP inhibitor Rp-cAMP eliminated enhanced ECC and SR Ca2+ load in PI3K&ggr;−/− without effects in control myocytes. On the other hand, the &bgr;-adrenergic receptor agonist isoproterenol increased ICa,L and Ca2+ transient equally by ≈2-fold in both PI3K&ggr;−/− and PI3K&ggr;+/− cardiomyocytes. Our results establish that PI3K&ggr; reduces cardiac contractility in a highly compartmentalized manner by inhibiting cAMP-mediated SR Ca2+ loading without directly affecting other major modulators of ECC, such as AP and ICa,L.


Forty-six patients with malignant tumoursinvolving theorifices ofthelobar bronchi weretreated bylobectomy withsleeve resection ofthebronchus. The results indicate thatthis procedure has many advantages whencomparedwithpneumonectomy, whichisthecommonlypractised alternative methodoftreatment. An immediate mortality ratefollowing operation of2-2%and a five-year survival rateof35%arerecorded. Simple lungfunction tests takenbefore andafter surgeryina small unselected group showedthat operation caused little physiological impairment. Bronchial carcinoma, situated atthelevel ofthe upperlobeorifices, maybetreated surgically by pneumonectomy orlobectomy combined with sleeve reseotion ofthemainbronchus andend-toendanastomosis of theproximal anddistal stumps, thusconserving theremainder ofthe lung. Manyauthors haveemphasized thesafety andwider applicability ofsleeve resection. This procedure hasaparticular place inthemanagementofpatients wi,th impaired respiratory function duetopulmonary orcardiac disease andalso inolder patients inwhompneumonectomy carries anundulyhighoperative Irisk (Price Thomas, 1956;Johnston andJones, 1959;beRoux,1968). Wereport 46patients withmalignant disease involving theupperorlowerlobeorifices treated bysleeve resection byonesurgeon (M.P.)atthe Brompton Hospital during a10-year period (19591969). Theyhavebeenfollowed upatfrequent intervals withrepeated clinical andradiological assessments. Simple respiratory function tests have beencarried outpre-andpost-operatively ina smallgroupofrandomly selected patients to investigate theextent towhichtheyareimpaired bysurgery.


ABSTRACT We carried out DNA microarray-based global transcript profiling of Escherichia coli in response to 4,5-dihydroxy-2-cyclopenten-1-one to explore the manifestation of its antibacterial activity. We show that it has widespread effects in E. coli affecting genes encoding proteins involved in cell metabolism and membrane synthesis and functions. Genes belonging to the regulon involved in synthesis of Cys are upregulated. In addition, rpoS and RpoS-regulated genes responding to various stresses and a number of genes responding to oxidative stress are upregulated.


In vertebrates the embryonic development
of all endodermal organs follows conserved molecular mechanisms.
Wnt signaling is supposed to play a key role during these
processes. The gastrointestinal tract comprises the oesophagus, the
trachea, the stomach, the duodenum and its associated organs liver,
pancreas and gall bladder as well as the small intestine and the
colon. In this study the role of the secreted Wnt antagonist XsFRP5
during the development of the gastrointestinal tract was analysed
in Xenopus embryos. XsFRP5 belongs to the family of "secreted
Frizzled related proteins" (sFRPs). XsFRP5 is a mutlivalent Wnt
antagonist, which is able to bind and inhibit canonical as well as
non-canonical Wnt proteins. After depletion of XsFRP5 protein by
morpholino injection the ventral pancreatic anlage was reduced,
whereas the stomach seemed to be enlarged. Overexpression of VegT
and XsFRP5 in animal cap explants resulted in a strong and
dose-dependent induction of pancreatic marker genes, an effect that
also depends on retinoic acid signaling. The structurally related
XsFRP2 is not able to mimick the gain-of-function effects in the
animal cap system, arguing for a specific function of XsFRP5 in
pancreas development. It seems likely that XsFRP5 regulates the
border delineation between liver and ventral pancreatic anlage as
well as between stomach and duodenum. Combining data obtained from
interaction studies and expression analysis led us to conclude that
Xwnt2b and Xwnt5a are the most likely in vivo targets of
XsFRP5.


Housebuyers would normally refer to the local newspapers for house advertisements Somehow, most of them do not get detail information due to limited spaces for advertisements in the newspapers. This Web-Based package system is designed to help housebuyers to search for houses, in which they can access for more detail information and guidance for their own satisfaction. Futhermore, monthly loan repayment for the particular house that they intended to buy can also be calculated online. Web Development Methodology by John December and Unified Modelling language(UML) methods are chosen for the system, by using the prototype evolutionary approach. Several housing projects raised by various developers has been selected as the research model for this system. Hopefully, this system which implemented by using the ColdFusion 4.5 and Microsoft Access 2000 is helpful in order to create an effective and interactive solution to the housebuyers'


This study was devoted to exploring the natural nodulation and nitrogen fixation of wild legumes grown in different Egyptian habitats. These habitats are representative to four phytogeographical regions. Sites that inhabited by Melilotus indicus, Medicago polymorpha, Trifolium resupinatum, Trigonella hamosa and Vicia sativa in each region were selected for study. High nodulation, nitrogen fixation and plant biomass were recorded in plants grown at Nile region and Oases compared with those at Mediterranean region and Sinai. The inhibition in nodulation and potential of nitrogen fixation in legumes at MR and S were attributed to drought and low soil fertility. Differences in species, regions or their interaction have significant effect on nodulation, legheamoglobin, nitroginase activity and biomass of nodules, shoots and roots; the magnitude of effect due to different species was the greatest. Five rhizobial isolates ( Sinorhizobium fredii , Rhizobium mesosinicum, Rhizobium daejeonense, Rhizobium huautlense, Rhizobium alamii ) recovered from root nodules of the five species were identified by 16S rRNA gene sequence. The indigenous rhizobia of legumes grown at MR and S expected to be exhibit higher tolerance to the existing harsh environmental conditions. These rhizobia can be used as inoculants for crop legumes under unfavorable environmental conditions of agroecosystems or recently reclaimed desert.


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For the patient who suffers from debauched cervix 1%lodine glycerin is normally used on the surface of the cervix. After the 1st curing period, the result is obtained according to the change of the surface of the debauched cervix. It shows: In 106 examples, the total validity rate for the patient is 88.68%. the validity rate for the lighter patient is 99.38%, and the curing rate is 58.25%; In the 45 examples of the heavy patient, the validity rate is 57.78%,and the curing rate is 17.78%; According to the check of x 2, there is high meaning for statistics. So 1%lodine glycerin for the debauched cervix of a light degree is obviously better than for that of a heavy degree.


Objective:To study the vacuum assisted closure in the treatment of open fractures of tibia and fibula complicated with severe soft tissue injury.Methods:14 patients of tibia and fibula open fractures with severe soft tissue injury were treated in our region.After the debridement and fracture fixation,the application of continuous vacuum assisted closure was carried out.The dressing was removed from 6 to 8 days.The line again if necessary VSD,two skin grafts.Results:14 patients,5 were replanted most of the survival of the skin,7 patients with vacuum assisted closure underwent two skin grafts all survived,2 patients three times a vacuum assisted closure graft,all survived after treatment.Conclusion:Vacuum assisted closure can seal up the injured area effectively,eliminates the injured area,secretion and necrosis tissues,reduces treatment time,and medicine pain.


Based on the large deformation theory of extensible elastic rod, nonlinear governing differential equations of removable simply supported functionally graded material (FGM) rod subjected to a uniformly distributed tangential follower force along the central axis are established. By using shooting method, the post-buckling behaviors of FGM rod made of metal and ceramic are analyzed. The post-buckling characteristics curves of FGM rod under the different graded index are plotted, and compared with the properties of metal and ceramic material rods. The influence of the length-to-height ratio of rectangular cross-section on the post-buckling behaviors of FGM rod is discussed.


498 Background: Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is known as a negative prognostic factor in colon cancer (CCa) patients (pts). Sentinel lymph node mapping (SLNM) is known to upstage more pts than conventional surgery. A retrospective study was undertaken to determine the relationship between LVI and other known prognostic factors in CCa pts undergoing SLNM. Methods: Pts with CCa underwent SLNM. Data was collected for tumor (T) and node (N) stage, distant metastasis (M), size, grade, recurrence, and 5-year overall survival (5yrOS). Chi-square analysis was used to calculate the association between categorical variables with a p value of 0.05 as significant. Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate 5yrOS. Results: We studied 310 CCa pts undergoing SLNM. Success rate was 100%. Nodal positivity was 46%. LVI was present in 34% of pts overall, in 66% node +ve pts versus only 7% in node -ve pts (p<0.001). Pts with LVI were proportionately of higher grade, larger size, higher T-stage, node +ve and higher AJCC stage...


In order to determine whether the viscoelasticity of associative polymer solution(APS) is better or not under real reservoir conditions,the effect of concentration and salinity on the viscoelasticity of APS is analyzed by simulating major reservoir conditions of Daqing Oilfield.The result shows that the effect is the same as it is on HPAM solution.However,the viscoelasticity of HPAM solution is produced differently from that of APS.That is,the viscoelasticity of HPAM solution is generated from the entanglement of molecular chains,while the viscoelasticity of APS is mainly causes by the association reactions between molecular chains.APS viscoelasticity is obvious under much lower concentration.It is much higher than that of HPAM solution within low and wide frequency range.It is revealed that APS has viscoelasticity when it flows in porous media with lower shear rate.That means the purpose of improving oil displacement efficiency can be realized relying on APS viscoelasticity with lower injection rate.


The Noachian‐Hesperian transition on Mars was a period marked by changes in volcanic processes and styles of aqueous alteration. Understanding the timing and nature of environmental change requires the exploration of units recording both sets of processes. Herein, we report the compositional stratigraphy of distinctive Noachian to Hesperian units along the northeastern margin of the Syrtis Major volcanic flows. A layered, polyhydrated sulfate‐bearing unit with jarosite ridges has been discovered beneath the Syrtis Major lava flows and above the regionally‐extensive stratigraphy of Noachian plains units reported previously. Sequential clay‐, carbonate‐, and sulfate‐bearing units formed in‐situ and record a transition from alkaline pH to acidic pH waters. The sequence is chronologically bookended by the Isidis impact and Syrtis Major flows, and is one of the most temporally‐constrained and well‐preserved stratigraphic sections from early Mars available for landed exploration.


Antibody to cell surface antigens (TSDA) on testicular cells and sperm in guinea pigs was quantitiated by radioimmunoassay after vasectomy. The assay correlated well with the complement-dependent cytotoxicity assay; however in 30% of the sera antibody was detected by the radioimmunoassay and not by the cytotoxicity assay. Natural anti-TSDA antibody was found in normal adult male guinea pigs but not in pubertal or prepubertal male or female guinea pigs. The natural antibody reacted with testicular cells via the F(ab)2 fragment of immunoglobulin G and the reactivity was removed by absorption with sperm but not with splenic cells or bacteria. Comparable amounts of anti-TSDA antibody were detected after bilateral vasectomy or unilateral vasectomy in 50% of each group of outbred guinea pigs. However differences in anti-TSDA antibody response were observed when different inbred strains of guinea prigs were studied postvasectomy. Both strain 13 and 2 were high responders to TSDA (both are inbred) whereas poly-L-lysine (PLL) high responder and PLL nonresponders guinea pigs were low responders to TSDA. In human studies in patients who were vasectomized 2-4 years previously most of their fluorescent antibodies to nonnuclear intracellular sperm antigens had returned to preoperative levels whereas at the same time 3/4 antiprotamine antibodies remained positive.


The Wave Climate Synthesis method, which derives long-term wave statistics from long-term wind statistics directly, is tested with four years of wind and wave measurements recorded from eight NOMAD buoys in the Great Lakes during 1981-1984. The results show that it is an excellent method for estimating long-term wave statistics and design wave height. While the method is by no means intended to replace wave hindcasting procedures, it is shown to be a useful additional tool for the coastal engineer.


This article investigates the comparative between the Bit Error Rate (BER) performance of Phase Shift Keying (PSK) and quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) based on Space Time Block Coded Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing based on Discrete Framelet transform (STBC-FT-OFDM) system. This comparison is accomplished through simulation programs for different constellation points numbers for M-PSK and M-QAM (M = 4, 16, and 64) over an Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN), and Rayleigh multipath fading channels. The simulation results showed that the M-QAM modulation technique gave preferable BER performance compared with M-PSK modulation technique at all cases of constellation points and channels.


Reducing greenhouse gas emissions has constantly been an objective in transport policy making. One possible approach to reach this goal is to increase fuel-efficiency. Restrictive emission policies have already led to vehicle technology improvements and thus reduced fleet emissions. Another possible way to reach emission reduction goals is to increase traffic efficiency by means of information and communication technologies. Smooth traffic, less stops and constant speeds are indicators for higher traffic effectiveness and decreasing transport emissions. Certain changes in traffic behaviour are necessary to reach these goals. The potential of fuel efficiency increase through changed driver behaviour is significant and advanced assistant systems can play an important role to improve it on a sustainable level. In several research projects assistant systems which help drivers to reduce their personal fuel consumption and thus lower the overall traffic emissions are evaluated. The type of recommendation given to the driver (e.g. about speed adjustment) relies here on the current traffic situation and is provided via visual, acoustic or haptic messages. The assessment of new technologies includes the evaluation of all kinds of effects a certain technology such as the driver assistant system may provoke. In several technology assessment approaches the conclusion has been that there is not a single best procedure that could be applied to any assessment objective. It is rather intended to consider all relevant effects and reduce the probability of wrong judgements about the outcome. Helpful for those making decisions later on whether these technologies should be realized or not can be a multi-criteria framework which includes technical and non-technical information retrieved during the assessment process. Such a framework is based on available data – which may be qualitative (user perception, expert judgement) or quantitative (traffic simulation, field test measurement) – and used to compare alternatives and assist in decision making. The multi-criteria analysis as a feasible method for technology assessment and aspects of uncertainty will be discussed.


Thin spinel oxide films of NiFe2O4 and CoCr2O4 were grown by RF sputtering on different oxide substrates to study the magnetic and electric properties with the aim of integrating them into heterostructures for spintronics devices. It is found that epitaxial growth allows stabilization of novel spinel NiFe2O4 phases that do not exist in its bulk form with properties, such as an enhancement of the magnetic moment or the ability to tune its electrical properties changing from insulating, as in bulk, to conductive. We argue that the enhanced moment results from a partial cation inversion of the NiFe2O4, in which Ni2+ ions are distributed among the two available sites of the spinel structure. Oxygen vacancies are likely to promote the metallic behavior by inducing mixed-valence Fe2+/3+ states at the octahedral sites. The conductive NiFe2O4 films were used as ferrimagnetic electrodes in a magnetic tunnel junction. A substantial tunnel magnetoresistance has been measured with values corresponding to a spin polarization of NiFe2O4 of about 40%, essentially constant up to 280K. The insulating NiFe2O4 was successfully implemented as a ferrimagnetic tunnel barrier into a spin filter device and is thus the first spin filter realized with a complex oxide barrier. A filtering effect has been signaled by a tunnel magnetoresistance. For the CoCr2O4 films grown on MgO(001) and MgAl2O4(001) it was found that this oxide has a definite tendency to display a three-dimensional growth. with well defined, fully faceted, pyramidal objects. We have shown that fully faceted templates can be obtained and perspectives for further applications are discussed.


A cheap and easily recoverable heterogeneous catalyst could efficiently trigger C–P bond formation by selective addition of phosphites to the carbonyl group of aldehydes and ketones. The reactions afford the desired products in good to excellent yields and do not require the presence of a solvent. Furthermore, nearly stoichiometric amounts of reagents could be used as the hydrotalcite catalyst does not cause the condensation of the carbonyl derivatives, even when aliphatic aldehydes are employed.


The effect of varying levels of complexity within two types of visual stimuli on observing behavior of albino rats (60 females, 30 males, CD Strain, Charles River) was examined. Measures of frequency and duration of looking, as well as measures of general activity, were recorded. Differences in duration of observing as a function of group membership and type of stimuli were obtained. Activity was affected by the level of complexity. A re-examination of the concept of complexity is suggested. Further delineation of variables affecting observing behavior is also needed.


We introduce the functional bandit problem, where the objective is to find an arm that optimises a known functional of the unknown arm-reward distributions. These problems arise in many settings such as maximum entropy methods in natural language processing, and risk-averse decision-making, but current best-arm identification techniques fail in these domains. We propose a new approach, that combines functional estimation and arm elimination, to tackle this problem. This method achieves provably efficient performance guarantees. In addition, we illustrate this method on a number of important functionals in risk management and information theory, and refine our generic theoretical results in those cases.


Online learning has grown significantly in recent years, due to the proliferation of online courses offered by universities. As a result, pedagogical guidance is critical for improving teaching quality in an online learning environment. In this study, Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL) activities were developed with the aim of increasing students' cognitive engagement, cognitive retention, and motivation to learn. This study also investigated the effects of the IBL pedagogical method on student performance. A pre-experimental study was conducted with 16 undergraduate students enrolled on a Multimedia Design and Human Computer Interaction course. Learning Analytics (LA) was used to retrieve research data from a Learning Management System (LMS) online discussion forum, and the data was then analyzed using content analysis and data mining analysis. According to the findings, students perceived a higher rate of low-level cognitive engagement but, interestingly, a high level of cognitive retention and motivation. Meanwhile, a significant relationship was observed between students' cognitive engagement, motivation and cognitive retention.


of local and at the same time universal truths, pessimistic and disillusioned, but persisting in his quest with the stubbornness of a man who is unable to give up hope in the face of disheartening experience. The affiliations of his favourite spokesmen are obvious: they are basically pious if not downright religious, gradually relinquishing organized religion but still retaining the need for a benevolent Governing Principle. They are liberals following in the footsteps of enlightened Virginians like Jefferson, and Democrats accepting and even idealizing F. D. Roosevelt's policy in contrast with that of Eisenhower. They are humanists, though never militant ones, with an awareness of unavoidable defeat as an outcome of their basic passivity. They are wise with the wisdom of the hard-earned knowledge of realities. The older, passive spokesmen are conservative but not in a rigid, offensive way; the younger generation is embittered after several attempts at vague and unsuccessful rebellions. These spokesmen are not always identical with the main heroes, but they appear from time to time, and represent a philosophizing Southern type (best known from Robert Penn Warren's novels). They are: Peyton and the father of Milton Loftis in Lie Down in Darkness ; Peter Leverett's father and Cass Kinsolving in Set This House on Fire ; Samuel Turner and even Judge Cobb in The Confessions of Nat Turner. Using the Tidewater region of Virginia and the special problems of people belonging there as a point of departure, Styron gradually transcends the barriers of the particular, achieving the dimensions of nation-wide, global, universal human problems. Styron uses his knowledge of a broader horizon of the world to write authentically of the microcosm in which he has his roots. The most fascinating problems to be considered in the Styron world are: inherited and individual guilt, the gradual acceptance of responsibility and heroic behaviour, the classical tragic situation of unavoidable sin against oneself and others, the problem of


Objective Whole genome sequencing (WGS) of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-E. coli) in developing countries is lacking. Here we describe the population structure and molecular characteristics of ESBL-E. coli faecal isolates in rural Southern Niger. Methods Stools of 383 healthy participants were collected among which 92.4% were ESBL-E. coli carriers; 90 of these ESBL-E. coli containing stools (109 ESBL-E. coli isolates) were further analysed by WGS, using short- and long-reads. Results Most isolates belonged to the commensalism-adapted phylogroup A (83.5%), with high clonal diversity. The blaCTX-M-15 gene was the major ESBL determinant (98.1%), chromosome-integrated in approximately 50% of cases, in multiple integration sites. When plasmid-borne, blaCTX-M-15 was found in IncF (57.4%) and IncY plasmids (26.2%). Closely related plasmids were found in different genetic backgrounds. Genomic environment analysis of blaCTX-M-15 in closely related strains argued for mobilisation between plasmids or from plasmid to chromosome. Conclusions Massive prevalence of community faecal carriage of CTX-M-15-producing E. coli was observed in a rural region of Niger due to the spread of highly diverse A phylogroup commensalism-adapted clones, with frequent chromosomal integration of blaCTX-M-15. Plasmid spread was also observed. These data suggest a risk of sustainable implementation of ESBL in community faecal carriage.


This paper discusses different implementation options of telecommunication network GW functions like the 3GPP Evolved Packet Core (EPC) S/PGW in Cloud computing environments. It is focused on the question what benefits can be achieved if the computing resources can adapt to fluctuating traffic demands. In particular also the traffic profile may change what may lead to different GW control plane and user plane demands. Two implementation options are compared: one running a complete GW in a virtual machine and the other decomposing the GW into a control and user plane virtual machine. For this investigation a traffic model is introduced that assumes not only load changes between busy hour and times with little network load but also a different application profile during the time periods. Several example calculations give an indication on the sensitivity of different parameters to the scalability of the implementation options and resource savings.


Summary The nature of antibody globulins produced by rabbits immunized with heat-killed Candida albicans was investigated. Most of the antibodies were directed against a cell wall antigen rich in mannan. The agglutinin activity of immune serum, purified IgG, and a preparation highly enriched in IgM could be removed by absorption with mannan. In addition, when the IgM-containing preparation was reduced with 2-ME and alkylated, antibody activity was lost. We concluded that the rabbit makes antibodies of the IgG and IgM classes in response to intravenous injections of killed Candida albicans.


In the aim to understand the formation and stability of mirror structures reported by satellite observations and Vlasov‐Maxwell numerical simulations, systematic approaches based on quasi‐linear theory and reductive perturbative expansion are reviewed, and combined in a dynamical model that reproduces the formation of magnetic humps above the instability threshold and also displays subcritical solutions in the form of magnetic holes.


The solid–liquid equilibrium solubility of isatoic anhydride in 12 pure solvents (methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, isopropyl alcohol, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, isopropyl acetate,...


In this article, we review the research on the dynamics of quantized vortices in superfluid helium and rotating Bose-Einstein condensates with emphasis on the recent research done by our group.


Generative adversarial networks are useful for unsupervised learning but may be difficult to train. We study a class of adversarial algorithms based on f‐divergence minimization and provide an extension by allowing two objective functions instead of one to be chosen (hence calibrated) for updating the discriminator and the generator, respectively. The extension is derived and justified from theoretical analysis, which identifies specific objective functions for achieving stable gradients in the corresponding updates. Our experiments on synthetic data and MNIST and CIFAR‐10 datasets demonstrate that the proposed method consistently achieves competitive or superior results when compared with various existing methods.


an intersection, a modern high school, or some piece of history that has been lost to time, such as a tavern, toll house, or abandoned railroad right of way. At other times, the descriptions are incredibly full, exploring individual houses, communities, and other important pieces of material culture. The result of this approach is a thinking person's travel log, placing before the reader, and hopefully the traveler, a rich mosaic of the existing highway. The picture is as complete as a study could be, without being overly detailed and bogged down in the over-analysis of individual places and dry facts. The book is easily a delight for serious "road" scholars as well as "Sunday" drivers. Kentucky's Frontier Highway demonstrates how much rich history is contained on the roads and byways we encounter each and every day. Sadly, it also gives us a good idea of the heritage that we have lost to progress.


ONE of the items which will be of particular interest to those attending the A.I.E.E. South West District meeting, Oklahoma City, Okla., April 24–26, 1935, is the Oklahoma City oil field adjacent to the city. This general view of a portion of the oil field was taken in 1930 from a point just adjacent to the Oklahoma City business section, and shows a large number of wells in the process of drilling. The Oklahoma City field has 1,032 wells producing, with an average of one well for every 6 acres. This field has produced to date 240,000,000 barrels of oil; geologists report that an additional 125,000,000 barrels of oil will be produced within the next 5 years. Although the oil has flown almost entirely from its own natural gas pressure until within the last year, it is now necessary to use pumping on practically all wells. At the present time, the connected capacity in the field is 25,000 horsepower. This field has been the proving ground for developing the Reda pump.


Abstract Although much has been written about the moral basis of authoritarianism, empirical research on the relationship between moral judgment level and authoritarian and ethnocentric attitudes has been sparse. In this study, I hypothesized that higher levels of moral judgment are related to anti-authoritarian and anti-ethnocentric attitudes, whereas lower moral levels predict the presence of authoritarian and ethnocentric opinions. Dutch university students (n = 126) and high school students (n = 88) completed the Sociomoral Reflection Objective Measure (SROM) and scales for authoritarianism and ethnocentrism. Results in the two samples converge: Moral judgment level indeed appears to be related to authoritarianism in the expected direction and—to a lesser extent—to ethnocentrism as well.


OBJECTIVE To investigate the protective effect of emulsified isoflurance against focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.METHODSSixty male SD rats were randomly divided into six equal groups.Caritiod arteries were exposed but MCAO was not performed in sham operation group;ischemia group: the rats inhaled 100% O2 for 30 min of MCAO were started and maintained for 2 h;isoflurane group: 0.9% isoflurane was inhaled for 30 min before the 2 h of MCAO.emulsified isoflurance group: 8% emulsified isoflurance(17 ml·kg-1 h-1) was inhaled for 30 min before the 2 h of MCAO;propofol group: propofol(15 mg·kg-1) was inhaled for 10 min before the 2 h of MCAO;triglyceride group: 30% triglyceride(17 ml·kg-1h-1) was inhaled for 30 min before the 2 h of MCAO;The neurologic deficit score(NDS) was evaluated 24 h after reperfusion and the infarct volume was calculated at the same time.RESULTSThe NDS of isoflurane group,emulsified isoflurance group and propofol group was lower than that of ischemia group(P0.05).The infarct volume of ischemia group was 227.5±18.15 mm3.Isoflurane group,emulsified isoflurance group and propofol group reduced the infarct volume at the end of 24 h reperfusion(P0.05),but there was no significant difference between emulsified isoflurance group and isoflurane group.CONCLUSIONInhalation of 8% emulsified isoflurance can protect brain form focal ischemia reperfusion injury in rats.


While immunoenzyme assay (ELISA) is widely used for the detection of various compounds, its use is significantly limited by the considerable duration (determined by the heterogeneous reaction to form detectable immune complexes) and the restricted detection limit. This study proposes an ELISA variant based on the application of highly dispersed (average diameter – 10 nm) magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles as carriers for the adsorbable antibodies. In conducting the proposed ELISA, the antibodies react with the detectable compound within the sample volume; the formed complexes are preconcentrated by precipitation in a magnetic field and are used for immunoenzyme detection in the wells of a microplate. This approach has been implemented for the detection of aflatoxin B1, a low molecular weight compound that needs to be controlled at extremely low concentrations due to its high toxicity. Using magnetic nanoparticles provided a 10-fold lowering of the detection limit and cut the test duration by half, compared to conventional ELISA. Immobilized antibodies exhibited high resistance to methanol when testing aqueous/methanol extracts of contaminated vegetable feed stocks (corn kernels), making it possible to identify aflatoxin B1 at concentrations as low as 2 pg ml−1 (40 pg g−1). The proposed approach is universal and can be used for the immunodetection of various compounds.


In 1936 Bradford Willard and the late Professor Freeman Ward collected graptolites from a dump at the Hess slate quarry number 22, at Lynnport, Lehigh County, Pennsylvania (1). The material was submitted to Dr. Rudolf Ruedemann for identification. Dr. Ruedemann noted certain arthropods among the graptolites and kindly consented to study the specimens. The specimens were taken from Martinsburg Slate of the Ordovician. More precisely, the age of the fossils is probably middle Eden. Pulaski fossils occur in higher sandstones, and Eden fossils have been collected from underlying shaly or sandy beds (2). The specimens were found in a black, silty slate in which slaty cleavage was less well developed than in much of the country rock. This lack of cleavage accounts for their preservation, for the fossils would have been destroyed or made inaccessible had the bedding been obliterated.


Higher-order derivative spectrophotometry is very well adapted to the analytical chemistry of native and synthetic macromolecules. This is shown with the aid of some characteristic examples. The following ones have been described: The investigation of iso-forms of LDH, of myoglobins (whale and horse), of oligomer enzymes, the studying of the surroundings of the chromophores phe, tyr and trp in proteins, and of protein powder spectra; further spectra of nucleid acid, the quantitative estimation of monomers and additives in synthetic polymers, and the characterization of poly(vinyl pyrrolidons) of different molecular weights.

Die Derivativspektrophotometrie hoherer Ordnung eignet sich sehr gut zur Analyse naturlicher und synthetischer Makromolekule. Es werden beschrieben: Untersuchungen der iso-Formen der LDH und oligomerer Enzyme, das Studium der Umgebung der Chromophoren Phe, Tyr und Trp in Proteinen sowie Protein-Pulverspektren; weiter Spektren von Nucleinsauren, die quantitative Bestimmung von Monomeren und Additiven in synthetischen Polymeren sowie die Charakterisierung von Polyvinylpyrrolidonen mit unterschiedlichen Molekulargewichten.


Language: English Document Location: The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance 39, 1999 769–779 Full Citation: Rosintan D. M., Panjaitan-Drioadisuryo, and Cloud, K. 1999. Gender, Self-employment and Microcredit Programs, An Indonesian Case Study. The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance 39, 1999 769–779 Region: Southeast Asia Country: Indonesia Ecosystem Type: tropical rain forest Social Characteristics: remote community, other (women) Scale of Study: household


We have demonstrated a record-breaking capacity repeaterless transmission experiment. 1T bit/s transmission over 200 km was achieved with densely WDM signals and Raman amplification.


CASPA is a stochastic process algebra tool for performance and dependability modelling, analysis, and verification. It is based entirely on the symbolic data structure of the multi-terminal binary decision diagram (MTBDD) which enables the tool to handle models with very large state space. This paper describes an extension of CASPA's solving engine for path-based approximation of the mean time to first failure, the mean time to first recovery, and asymptotic unavailability by MTBDD algorithms. A non-trivial case study illustrates the use of path-based analysis and comparisons between the path-based unavailability calculations and results obtained from standard Markovian analysis are presented.


Objective To establish practical cell model of HCV infection, and investigate the susceptibility of a human liver cell line HepG2 to hepatitis C virus in vitro. Methods A human liver cell line HepG2 was incubated with serum from a chronic hepatitis C patient for 6~8 hours. Both the plus and minus strands of HCV RNA in infected cells or supernatant were examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR). The HCV NS 3,NS 5 antigens in infected cells were respectively detected with the monoclonal antibodies to antigens of their own by immunohistochemical assay. The minus strand of HCV RNA in infected cells were localized by in situ hybridization. Results The intracellular plus or minus stands of HCV RNA were first detected on day 3 post incubation and then could be intermittently detected until day 35 post incubation in cells or supernatant. The positive signals of NS 3,NS 5 antigens could be expressed within cytoplasm of infected cells. The minus strand of HCV RNA was located within cytoplasm by in situ hybridization. Conclustions These results show that a human liver cell line HepG2 is not only susceptible to HCV but also able to support its long time replication in vitro.


Studying the changes in accounting conservatism in Pre- and Post- IFRS adoption has received great attention by researchers recently. However, there is a lack of previous studies dealing with this subject for sufficient periods and in the banking sector specifically in Jordan. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the adoption of IFRS and the accounting conservatism and then measure the degree of change in the level of conservatism for the period 2000-2008 before applying the standards and 2009-2017after applying it. After conducting appropriate statistical analysis and testing hypotheses, the results reveal an overall increase in conditional accounting conservatism during the study period and a higher increase following IFRS adoption. Also, the results provide evidence of significant differences in the level of accounting conservatism for the accounting earnings in pre- and post-adoption of IFRS. Keywords: Conservatism, International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS), Jordanian commercial banks. DOI : 10.7176/RJFA/10-4-02


In this paper, parametric modeling is carried out for the frame part of a kind of fertilizing and soil covering vehicle to define boundary conditions such as load, constraint, etc. when the frame is under the working condition of normal full load. ANSYS software is used to produce finite element model of frame, and to analyze and solve the model, so as to obtain stress and stain variation diagram of each part of frame under working condition of normal full load. The calculation result shows that: the structure of frame is able to meet the strength requirement, and the maximum value of stress is located at joint between frame and external hinge, which should be appropriately improved in thickening way. According to the result of finite element, the scheme with size optimization is employed to design the frame in lightweight way. The research result of this paper provides the theoretical basis for the design of frame of fertilizing and soil covering vehicle, which has deep theoretical significance and application value.


ALTHOUGH THE CHINESE Communist political system cannot be called unique, it has many special characteristics. It is obvious that the Chinese Communists could not avoid imitating many things evolved by older members of the family. But they have been experimenting with various institutions for incorporation in their system, and this lends it a complex character. These experiments were motivated by some definite goals to change the class and economic structures and to change individual values and ideological orientation. ,


The on-line slab temperature measurement for an industrial rolling mill reheating furnace is one class of typical hard-measuring problem in industrial process. After discussing the difficulty of on-line measuring for slab temperature and the influence on process operation, this paper developed two slab temperature soft-sensing models, the principal component regression model and partial least square model, based upon multivariable statistical projection technique. As a key step of this work, model verification is presented by using real operating data gathered from industrial experiments. Research results show that the models' precision is good enough to satisfy the engineering demands. This paper is divided into two parts, and this is the second part.


In this paper we develop decay inventory with quantity unit discounts models. The models are built by considering purchasing and saving cost. The models are compared with Wagner Within model. The analyzes are conducted using a sensitivity analysis to changes in deteriorating rate, setup cost, inventory cost, purchase cost and changes in the number of demand. The model analysis is done by generating 50 random data. Result from the study shows that savings cost model 1.4% is better than purchasing cost model. The cost of Wagner Within model is 1.5% lower than the model with purchasing cost and  not significantly different than the model that consider the savings cost.


We report on the electrically induced insulator to metal transition (IMT) in SmNiO3 thin films grown on (001) LaAlO3 by pulsed laser deposition. The behavior of the resistivity as a function of temperature suggests that the primary transport mechanism in the SmNiO3 insulating state is dominated by Efros-Shklovskii variable range hopping (ES-VRH). Additionally, the magnetic transition in the insulating state of SmNiO3 modifies the characteristics of the ES-VRH transport. Systematic DC and pulsed current-voltage measurements indicate that current-induced joule heating is the fundamental mechanism driving the electrically induced IMT in SmNiO3. These transport properties are explained in context of the IMT in SmNiO3 being related to the strong electron-lattice coupling.


A boiler by the adoption of the pyrolysis vaporization combustion method can be used for pyrolysis of coal, refuse and biomass and combustion of pyrolysis products. A channel type pyrolysis device or a tank type pyrolysis device is arranged in a hearth of the boiler. When the temperature of fuel in the pyrolysis device gradually rises from the normal temperature to the pyrolysis temperature in the hearth, a pyrolysis reaction starts, gas-solid separation is completed, the temperature of the solid coal on the surface layer rises to be higher than the ignition temperature, ignition starts when the solid coal encounters the air, and then the solid coal falls into a solid combustion area to be completely combusted; produced pyrolysis gas passes through coal fire to come out, combustible components in the pyrolysis gas starts to combust when encountering the air, and flames rise and burn along the side wall of a pyrolysis cylinder; meanwhile, the pyrolysis cylinder is heated so that the pyrolysis reaction of the fuel in the pyrolysis cylinder can continue, and the fuel can be completely combusted in a gas combustion area finally. The boiler by the adoption of the pyrolysis vaporization combustion method can meet the conditions required by the 3T+E combustion technology, as a result, formation of dioxin can be controlled, and boilers with different properties and specifications can be designed according to different specific requirements of users.


The organizing committee of ICAMTSL 2019 is proud to present the proceedings of the 2019 International Conference on Advanced Materials and Technology for Sustainable Life (ICAMTSL 2019: http://www.icamtsl.net/), held in Shanghai, China from 28 to 30 June 2019. We warmly welcomed prospective authors to submit new research papers to ICAMTSL 2019 and share their valuable experience with scientists and scholars around the world. The conference is an international forum for the presentation of technological advances and research results in the fields of sustainable aspects of materials science and technology such as fundamentals, applications and engineering of biomaterials, nanomaterials and composite materials. The conference will bring together leading researchers, engineers and scientists in the domain of interest from around the world. ICAMTSL 2019 received more than 50 manuscripts, and 17 submissions have been accepted by our reviewers. By submitting a paper to ICAMTSL 2019, the authors understood and agreed that papers would undergo a rigorous peer-review process. Manuscripts were reviewed by at least two independent, qualified experts in the field selected by the conference committee, who took detailed comments and the authors would submit a revised version in which the feedback was taken into consideration. All papers were reviewed using a double-blind review process: authors declared their names and affiliations in the manuscript for the reviewers to see, but reviewers did not know each other's identities, nor did the authors receive information about who had reviewed their manuscript. The committees of ICAMTSL 2019 invested great efforts in reviewing the papers submitted to the conference and organizing the sessions to enable the participants to gain maximum benefit. We sincerely appreciate your participation and do believe our joint efforts would make our conference indeed fruitful and successful. With our warmest regards, Conference Organizing Chair Shanghai, China


Creating of New Development Path Due to Upgrading the Innovation Process- es Model in Pomeranian Region. The study presents a change in the innovation model and a change of development path towards new industries and modernization of traditional indus- tries in the Pomeranian Voivodship. The characteristics of the region and the characteristics of the regional innovation system based on statistical data, existing research, analysis and in- terviews with representatives of regional and local authorities, scientists and entrepreneurs of the voivodship were presented. The factors that preceded the change of the innovation model and direct causes of change were identified aa well as the impact of institutional factors and the barriers to the development of the voivodship.


The invention relates to a hydraulic oil reservoir as used, in particular, in motor vehicles. According to the invention, the oil filter (1) is inserted inside an encapsulated filter housing (3) which is accommodated in the hydraulic reservoir (2). The inventive hydraulic oil reservoir (2) ensures that the hydraulic oil cannot pick up any air and feed it to the system since the oil filter, by virtue of its encapsulation, is already arranged below the oil level. The oil level inside the filter housing is independent, to the greatest possible extent, from the oil level of the hydraulic oil reservoir which accommodates the filter housing.


Phase equilibrium for liquid-phase epitaxy growth of
InAs1-x-ySbxPy alloys has been calculated. The composition and thickness of grown layers is considered.


. ZnO thin film were deposited by Spray and Spray Pyrolysis methods on glass substrates at 370 °C. The structural characterization by XRD, Raman spectroscopy, FTIR, EDS, TEM, SEM, RPE and XPS revealed the purity of ZnO Wurtzite variety in both samples. The use of a new loop reactor configuration for the photocatalytic activity was evaluated against/with respect to the degradation of two textile dyes as well as their binary mixture. The ZnO thin film prepared by Spray Pyrolysis kept its photocatalytic properties even after 20 reuse cycles (148 h). The treated solution showed better biodegradability and the absence of phytotoxicity.


There are two types of customer loyalty.One is loyalty to employees and the other is loyalty to company.Customer loyalty to the staff mainly exists in many Chinese companies.What is the relationship between customer loyalty to employees and company performance? A lot of Chinese companies are facing this question.Through the cases study of this paper,we find that customer loyalty to the staff has different influences on enterprises' performance at different stages.So,managers should manage this loyalty at different stages during the enterprise development,in order to control the risks and contribute to performance.


A consistent picture explaining both the spectral and photometric (infrared and visual) variations of R Coronae Borealis is developed. It is found that the extreme infrared maximum and minimum can be fitted by dispersion of the same mass of graphite dust. Random clumps of this dust crossing the line of sight both obscure the visual continuum of the object an reveal and emission spectrum from a circumstellar gas cloud, which satisfactorily accounts for the correlation of the emission with episodes of a faint visual continuum. (AIP)


The recent rise of e-cigarettes and vaping products has increased concerns that another young generation may become addicted to nicotine. Recently, it becomes evident that several health issues are related to the use of e-cigarettes and vaping products. The objective of this paper is to understand and identify such health issues by collecting and analyzing social media data. The analysis reflects the most important themes and topics discussed by online user's about e-cigarettes, vaping, and associated health issues. Using topic modeling techniques, we were able to identify several health issues related to the use of e-cigarettes and vaping products. These issues include lung diseases, coughing and breathing issues, heart related issues, throat burn, respiratory related risks, dizziness, addiction, bronchitis, and cancer. sample of the checked and validated by a human coder. The used chi-square test, t-test, and multiple logistic regression for testing the assumptions. Results showed that flavor-related posts were retweeted at a significantly higher rate by e-cigarette brands and other Twitter users than non-flavor posts. the influence of flavors on e-cigarette related information propagation on social media platform. E-cigarette–related data were collected from Facebook based on a set of keywords generated by a domain expert. A total of eleven binary variables for flavor categories are used to characterize the influence of flavors on information propagation. Topic modeling was used to extract three hidden topics namely, "details about products (product), methods of consuming e-cigarettes (method), and other related discussions (other)". Regression models and hurdle negative binomial model were used to characterize the influence of different flavors on e-cigarette–related information propagation. Results showed that five flavors, sweet, dessert & bakery, fruits, herbs & spices, and tobacco have negative influences on e-cigarette related information propagation, and that the mention of a flavor in a post does not enhance popularity of e-cigarette related information. Furthermore, some flavors reduced the popularity of information, while a set of non-flavor related factors were associated with information propagation. Also related to flavors, Li et al. systematically mined users' e-liquid usage patterns from online reviews using opinion summarization techniques. Online users' reviews, consisting of the review text, an overall rating and a set of e-liquid aspect ratings were collected from JuiceDB. For data analysis, reviews were labeled positive, neutral, and negative. Data were analyzed using an ID3-based influential aspect analysis model and sentiment analysis. Results showed that flavor accuracy and value were the two most important aspects that users' sentiments toward e-liquids, fruity and sweet were the two most popular flavors, great and sweet tastes, reasonable value, and strong throat hit users satisfied with fruity and sweet flavors.


FIELD: medicine, pharmaceutics. SUBSTANCE: invention refers to biotechnology and immunology. What is presented is an isolated monoclonal antibody or its immunoreactive fragment binding to the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) G protein epitope of the strain A2. There are also described a nucleic acid molecule coding it, a host cell containing this nucleic acid molecule, a method for producing the antibody and a pharmaceutical composition containing this antibody. EFFECT: presented group of inventions can be used for treating respiratory syncytial virus. 14 cl, 37 dwg, 1 tbl, 9 ex


Research on machine learning algorithms based on intelligent driving behavior analysis is one of the challenges for the development of intelligent vehicles. Knowledge acquisition and expression of driving behavior involve many machine learning algorithms. First,in terms of machine learning,driving behavior recognition judgment, modeling prediction, and intelligent decision and other studies are analyzed,and then several major machine learning algorithms for analyzing the intelligent driving behavior are comprehensively summarized. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of various algorithms are analyzed.


performed for IDOT, as stated on the report covers, "in a timely manner to the professional community." The philosophy of the reports is to not only give excavation and analysis details but also to place the site into local and regional perspective and to consider questions of regional interest. The report format gives a generous page size (21.5 x 27.5 cm) (ca. 8.5 x 11 inches) not always found in journal or book size publications. The simple diagrams could be smaller but this page size allows one to read all the entries in the numerous data tables and maps. The photographs are generally readable on the acid free but non-glossy paper. The series editor comments that for speed of publication some short cuts in the traditional editorial processes are made. There are occasional typos but these do not appear to be a major impediment to understanding the reports and to utilizing the data.


Abnormal sound occurred during the trial run of air preheater.Through the analysis of each parts,it is determined that the source of the vibration abnormal sound is inside the air preheater.By analysis of the equipments characteristic parameters such as pipe bundle natural frequency,KARMAN vortex,turbulent flow,acoustic standing wave vibration,the reasons for the vibration and abnormal sound were determined.The acoustic fundamental frequency standing wave was excited by the KARMAN vortex regular shedding.The vibration and abnormal sound was treated by changing the vortex shedding frequency and acooustic standing wave vibration frequency.


This paper compares the design concepts for cold‐formed steel members according to the European standard EN 1993‐1‐3 [22] and the Direct Strength Method (DSM) according to Appendix 1 of the AISI specification [3]. References to where the two approaches are described are followed by comparative analyses focusing on the fundamental design concepts, the design procedure, strength curves, opportunities and limits to their application. The paper points out similarities and differences, difficulties and opportunities. Channel section design examples are used to compare the different approaches. Current and ongoing research to extend the standards is summarized to show the future possibilities.


Abstract The main problem with cast austenitic—ferritic duplex stainless steels is the formation of cracks after the solidification. The crack sensitivity is caused by volume differences between the microstructural components and coupled to an extreme embrittlement. Therefore the σ phase precipitation becomes important. It binds Fe, Cr and Mo and degrades the corrosion resistance. In addition, it decreases the toughness of the steel because of its embrittling character and by precipitating at grain boundaries. Both the absolute amount of σ phase and its distribution have an influence. During casting of components, the σ phase precipitation should be kept as low as possible. This is achieved by rapid cooling through the critical temperature range from 1000 to 600°C. Since the main cause of crack formation lies in microstructural stresses and incompatibilities, this process must be better understood. Neutron time-of-flight diffractometry can detect strains in different phases simultaneously from the same vo...


(57) Abstract: cosmetic, suitable for use in pharmaceutical or food field, natural, and contain the active ingredient together with being coated by a polymeric material comprising a modified natural or synthetic polymers, water-insoluble natural or It consists modified polysaccharides or nucleus of the adsorbent material consisting of adsorptive inorganic material, the particle size 500μm following cosmetic, pharmaceutical or microcapsules for stabilization of food. Gels, creams, lotions, emulsions, bath gels, cosmetic products such as shampoos, topical administration, oral administration, or parenteral administration the pharmaceutical, veterinary products, foods intended for consumption by humans or animals, and diet products use of the microcapsules, characterized in that the inclusion.


A magnetomechanical model based on continuum thermodynamics is presented which describes the sensing effect in single-crystal ferromagnetic shape memory Ni–Mn–Ga. The model quantifies the stress and magnetization dependence on strain at different values of bias fields under isothermal conditions. A magnetic Gibbs energy is considered as the thermodynamic potential with Zeeman, magnetostatic, and anisotropy energy contributions. Constitutive equations for stress and magnetization are obtained in the isothermal case after restricting the process through the Clausius-Duhem inequality for the second law of thermodynamics. Mechanical dissipation and the microstructure of Ni–Mn–Ga are incorporated in the continuum model through the internal state variables volume fraction, domain fraction, and magnetization rotation angle. Closed-form solutions describing the evolution of the internal state variables are developed. The model requires only seven parameters identified from simple experiments: stress-strain curve ...


If we are monitoring how two quantities are changing in time simultaneously, a mathematical model for this situation may require a system of two or more equations. The informal formula describing the change change = future value − present value may be modified into a system of equations in cases like this. If we monitor the values during discrete periods (for example, discrete time intervals), we obtain a system of difference equation. If the independent variable varies continuously (for example, time increasing continuously), we arrive to a system of differential equations. Let us consider systems of difference equations first. As in the single variable case, such system corresponds to a system of coupled recursive equations. Conversely, two or more coupled recursive equations determine a system of difference equations.


The purpose of the current study was to look at the impact of early misogynistic treatment of females on subsequent attachment security and the quality of the later caregiving of their own children. It was hypothesized that: 1) daughters experiencing misogyny while growing up would develop an insecure attachment withtheir primary caregiver, and 2) daughters who experienced insecure attachment with their mothers (due to experiencing misogyny while growing up) would become mothers who experienced a poorer-quality relationship with their own child. Participants were one hundred fifty-seven females with at least one child between the ages of 3-10 years of age recruited from local colleges and other local community organizations who completed a (self-report) questionnaire comprised of the following scales: the Misogyny Scale (created for use in this study), the Schedule of Sexist Events (Klonoff & Landrine, 1995), the Parental Attachment Questionnaire (Kenny, 1985), the Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (Armsden & Greenberg, 1987), and the Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire-Mother Scale (Rohner, 1978). Results supported the first hypothesis: daughters who experienced higher early misogyny and sexism reported higher feelings


There are some 300 repositories of research material (Source: IAR), most of which have an OAI-PMH interface, but no current Institutional Repositories export reference data - nor do they provide their users with citation impact metrics. We propose a model for extending IR's to be citation aware and to expose that data to citation indices using the OAI-PMH and OpenURL. We present some techniques for the export of citation data using the OAI-PMH in Citebase Search.
As part of a proposed Open Access Citation Information study we have developed a proposal for the integration of reference parsing and linking into the author- deposit process. This highly-distributed approach to citation linking utilises the OAI-PMH to transfer structured citation data between IRs and citation indexing services.
OpenURL - a standard for contextual linking using bibliographic data - is now a NISO standard. As well as it's linking role, OpenURL is a useful standard for the transfer of bibliographic data for the purposes of citation indexing. The developing DCMI guidelines for encoding citation metadata makes use of OpenURL context objects in XML. A more lightweight approach is implemented by Citebase Search for transferring bibliographic data using OpenURLs by encoding the metadata as URIs (OpenURL 'KEV' format) and including these in repeated simple Dublin Core relation elements.
The widespread adoption of OpenURL for contextual linking and the transfer of citation links will lower the barriers to citation indices as well as enabling novel new interactions between services (e.g. through the embedding of citation analysis services into IRs). Emerging technologies using the OAI-PMH and OpenURL will allow seemless linking across subscription-based and open access services, creating an integrated, citation-linked environment for researchers.


Objectives: To determining the prevalence of extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Gram negative bacteria (ESBL) from surgical wound and blood stream infections in a teaching hospital where third generation cephalosporins are used as blind therapy. Methods: The presence of ESBL was determined among 806 Gram negative bacilli from surgical wound (765) and blood infections (41) using double disc synergy method. Disc susceptibility test was also performed on all isolates using standard techniques. Results: Gram negative bacteria isolated from blood (14.6%) had a significantly higher prevalence of ESBL producers compared with isolates from surgical wounds (14.6% vs 2.1% respectively; OR: 8.0, 95% CI: 3.0-21.8, P < 0.0001). Bacterial isolates that produced ESBL were more resistant to the antibacterials used compared with non- ESBL producers. Conclusions: An overall prevalence of 2.7% of ESBL producing Gram-negative bacteria was observed and isolates from blood were 3 to 22-fold more likely to produce ESBL. Prudent use of antibiotics is advocated.


The invention relates to an automatic optical detection system. The system comprises a first image acquiring device, a database and a comparison unit, wherein the first image acquiring device is used for acquiring an acquisition image of a combined frame; the acquisition image comprises a joint area of the combined frame; the database is used for storing at least one reference image; and the comparison unit is electrically connected with the first image acquiring device and the database and is used for comparing the acquisition image with the reference image and judging whether the combined frame has defects or not. By the automatic optical detection system, the detection time of the combined frame can be shortened, and relative manpower cost can be saved.


Sepsis occurs when the body has an extreme reaction to infection and the patient's condition worsens. Most types of infection can lead to sepsis but, commonly, infections start in the lung, urinary tract, skin or gastrointestinal tract. Sepsis can lead to multiple organ failure, complications
 and death. There remains uncertainty surrounding the actual causes of multiple organ failure from sepsis and greater clarity is required in order to develop treatments and improve patient outcomes. Associate Professor Koichiro Sueyoshi, Emergency and Critical Care Center, Juntendo University
 Urayasu Hospital, Japan, is working to better understand the reasons for multiple organ failure in sepsis patients. He is collaborating with Professor Hiroshi Tanaka, Professor of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Juntendo University, and the researchers have developed a hypothesis that one
 of the main causes for multiple organ failure in sepsis patients is complement activation. Now, the team is working to prove this hypothesis. The researchers are working to determine whether uncontrolled complement activation occurs during biological infection and whether thrombotic microangiopathy
 (TMA) is triggered, leading to multiple organ failure. If Sueyoshi and the team succeed in clarifying the mechanism of complement activation in the process of developing multiple organ failure and the involvement of TMA pathology this could pave the way for new treatment strategies for multiple
 organ failure. In addition, the work could fundamentally change existing thought surrounding infection reactions.


Abstract : A high temperature vacuum furnace for across-ply testing of carbon/ carbon composites has been installed. This furnace has a double-walled water- jacketed vacuum chamber and is equipped with a 30 kVA variable output transformer, semi-automatic vacuum system, a digital temperature controller programmer, a two-color optical pyrometer, various thermocouples, and a digital data acquisition system. This furnace has been installed on an existing Model 1123 Instron and heating to 2200 C has been accomplished. Graphite toolings have been prepared and across-ply tensile testing to 1700 C have been conducted. Keywords: Carbon/carbon composites, High temperature, Graphite furnace, Across ply strength.


Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, also called flozins, are a new group of oral antidiabetic drugs. Due to progressive nature of type 2 diabetes and gradual deterioration of pancreatic beta cell function, achieving good diabetes control still remains a challenge. This stimulates researchers and clinicians to search for new directions in diabetes treatment and to develop optimal antidiabetic therapy. Particularly interesting in this context are (besides incretin-based therapies) SGLT2, because they reduce renal glucose reabsorption and, thereby, increase urinary glucose excretion. Their action is independent from an insulin, both in terms of an insulin secretion and action. Type 2 diabetes remains one of the major cardiovascular risk factors. The most important issue related to this group of drugs is therefore establishing the principles of safe, well-tolerated and effective long-term treatment of patients with vascular complications of various severity, including cardiovascular complications mainly. New antidiabetic drugs should not only improve glycaemic control, but also contribute to the reduction of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.


Experiments were conducted on five arable fields to study herbicide saving rates and temporal dynamics of weed populations in a crop rotation and in continuous maize using site-specific weed control from 1997–2003. Data related to weed population dynamics were collected in all crops and entered into a model to predict density of selected weed species for following years. Site-specific weed control resulted in high herbicide saving rates in fields with the crop rotation. Weed seedling density of grass weeds (monocots) and broadleaved weeds (dicots) did not increase in the rotation fields but did increase in continuous maize over the period of study. Predicted densities of Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P.Beauv. and Chenopodium album L. often corresponded closely to the observed data. Therefore, the model can help to develop management strategies for site-specific weed control.


ANXIETY AND HOSPITALIZATION IN ADOLESCENCE: RELATIONS TO ATTACHMENT STYLE AND PARENTAL SUPPORT Lauriane Vulliez-Coady, Chrystelle Vidal, Aurore Vivot, Julie Monnin, Sylvie Nezelof & Antonia Bifulco Department of Child Psychiatry, Neurosciences Laboratory (EA 481), University Hospital of Besancon, France Lifespan Research Group, Kingston University, London Clinical Investigation Center (INSERM), University Hospital of Besancon, France


................................................................................................................................... ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................................................... iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................... iv LIST OF FIGURES ....................................................................................................................... vi LIST OF TABLES ....................................................................................................................... viii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................................................ ix CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................... 1 Structure of Starch ...................................................................................................................... 1 Starch Biosynthesis and Degradation ......................................................................................... 3 Uses of Starch ............................................................................................................................. 4 Industrial Processing of Starch ................................................................................................... 4 Branching Enzymes for Modifying Starch ................................................................................. 9 Branching Enzyme Structure and Reaction Mechanism .......................................................... 11 Structure and Reaction Mechanism of GH13 Family Branching Enzymes ......................... 12 Structure and Reaction Mechanism of GH57 Family Branching Enzymes ......................... 16 Deinococcus radiodurans Glycogen Branching Enzyme ......................................................... 16 Chimeric Enzymes .................................................................................................................... 17 Purpose and Hypotheses ........................................................................................................... 18 Goal 1: ................................................................................................................................... 18 Goal 2: ................................................................................................................................... 18 CHAPTER 2: MATERIALS AND METHODS .......................................................................... 19 Protein Expression .................................................................................................................... 19 Cell Lysis .................................................................................................................................. 20 Protein Refolding ...................................................................................................................... 20 Purification of Intein-tagged Protein ........................................................................................ 22 Purification of His-tagged Deinococcus radiodurans Glycogen Branching Enzyme .............. 23 Bradford Assay ......................................................................................................................... 24 SDS-PAGE Analysis ................................................................................................................ 24 Design of Deinococcus radiodurans Glycogen Branching Enzyme Mutants .......................... 25


This paper shows the connection between the Backpropagation Through Time (BPTT) algorithm, its truncated forms with truncation depth h, and the Recurrent Real Time Learning (RTRL) algorithm. The comparison is done by looking at a fully connected recurrent network, which is based on the same error function and calculations, using exact ordered derivatives. Two kind of formulas, based on total ordered derivatives, for BPTT(h) are given and proven to be equivalent. Of the two formulae, the second one, can be interpreted by a target modification in the case of h. Further, a combination of BPTT and RTRL is proposed to account for possible instabilities caused by weight adaptation. An overview of BPTT and RTRL and their implementations as well as their interpretations and uses are outlined.


To mitigate erosion and stream pollution from road runoff, the North Carolina Department of Transportation implemented new stormwater-control structures: preformed scour holes (PSH). PSH may also provide habitat for amphibians in the urbanizing southeast United States. We surveyed anuran species in PSH in the Piedmont region of North Carolina and correlated species richness with local and regional factors associated with PSH. Degree of urbanization was negatively associated with total species richness, and PSH surface area and the presence of riparian vegetation were positively associated with total species richness. Our results suggest that PSH and similar stormwater-control measures may help to mitigate anuran diversity loss due to urbanization. Further study is warranted to determine if PSH act positively or negatively (e.g., as ecological traps) on amphibian diversity in urbanizing areas.


ment is a random process. The Chart shows the increase in specific activity with time for replacement at 1, 2, 5, and 10% per year. It also shows observed specific activities for various bones (femora, ribs, vertebrae, ilia, calvaria, patellae). The observations for 1959 and 1961 are for normal subjects killed in accidents. The plots suggest that replacement is 1-2% per year for calvaria, 2-5% for femora, ribs, and patellae, and 7-10% for ilia and vertebrae. Kulp and Schulert (1961) calculate a figure of 2.5% per year for the whole skeleton.


The cultivation experiment with zero tillage and rice straw mulch technique was conducted in cultivation of Favorita,a virus-free potato variety with early maturity,in the paddy field to probe the new cultivation model and increase its yield per unit area and economic benefit for raising farmers'income.The results showed that the yield under the zero tillage cultivation technique increases by 224.9 kg/667m2 compared with that under the traditional ridge cultivation model and its increase range is up to 16.2% and the fractional harvest can help big potatoes go on the market early,which can greatly raise its net income(2681.50 Yuan/667m2).


The high temperature superconducting (HTS) cable is expected to become the next generation of power transmission line with its large capacity, compact structure and low loss. Polypropylene laminated paper (PPLP) has been widely used as insulation material for cold dielectric (CD) HTS cable due to its excellent dielectric properties. In this paper, cryogenic insulation characteristics of PPLP has been researched. DC, AC and lightning impulse breakdown strength of mini-model cable had been investigated according to three-parameter Weibull distribution based on grey model (GM).


The article presents results of spectral analysis that has detected the presence of Kondratieff waves (their period equals approximately 52–53 years) in the world GDP dynamics for the 1870– 2007 period. To estimate the statistical significance of the detected cycles a new methodology has been applied. The significance of K-waves in the analyzed data has turned out to be in the range between 4 and 5 per cent. Hence, this spectral analysis has supported the hypothesis of the presence of Kondratieff waves in the world GDP dynamics. In addition, the reduced spectra analysis has indicated a rather high (2–3%) significance of Juglar cycles (with a period of 7– 9 years), as well as the one of Kitchin cycles (with a period of 3–4 years). Thus our spectral analysis has also supported the hypothesis of the presence of Juglar and Kitchin cycles in the world GDP dynamics. On the other hand, our analysis suggests that the Kuznets swing should


Vascular dementia(VD) is a common and frequently-occurring disease,which is influencing seriously the life quality of aged people.The authors analyzed and summarized the etiology and pathogenesis of VD and therapeutic progress in clinic based on scientific research achievements and literature about treatment of VD with Chinese medicine.They thought that the important factors in the development of VD included deficiency of zang-fu organs,disorder of qi and blood and phlegm-stasis obstructing orifices,and the key points included accumulation of phlegm-stasis,production of turbid-toxin and injury of collaterals and marrow,the therapeutic period was divided into early,middle and late stages or platform,wave and glide stages,TCM therapies for VD included tonifying kidney,activating blood circulation and resolving phlegm,tonifying kidney,tonifying qi and activating blood circulation,activating blood circulation and freeing calleterals,and activating blood circulation and resolving phlegm,and acupuncture therapies for VD included body acupuncture,integration of acupuncture and medicinal,eye acupuncture,ear acupoint pressing combining with moxibustion,and acupoint application with Chinese medicinal.In the future,the pathogenesis and effective therapies for vascular cognitive impairment no dementia(V-CIND) should be explored for preventing,diagnosing and intervening VD early besides improving the study on the diagnosis and treatment of VD.


Limit equilibrium methods, satisfying both force and moment equilibrium can be formulated using assumptions on the internal variables or the external variables. Even though most stability methods are based on force and moment equilibrium, as well as the Mohr–Coulomb yield criterion, there are great differences between the results of the different formulations due to variations in the assumptions. The authors believe that the use of the interslice force function f(x), the thrust line or the base normal forces should provide an equivalent concept at the ultimate/failure state. In the present study, the authors have used the well-known bearing capacity solutions to determine f(x), the thrust line and the base normal forces for a ''horizontal slope''. The equivalence between the different formulations under the ultimate condition is demonstrated. It is shown that it is not important which forces are used in the stability formulation, external boundary forces or internal forces, if only that the ultimate state is considered. It is also demonstrated in the present paper that the maximum extremum from the limit equilibrium analysis is equivalent to the slip line solution using a classical bearing capacity problem. & 2013 The Japanese Geotechnical Society. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.


The roentgenologic diagnosis of gastro-intestinal disease has been developed with such marvelous rapidity that a great degree of caution should be observed in directing attention at the present time to its seeming limitations. It must be conceded that roentgenology has put gastro-intestinal diagnosis on a new and sounder basis, changing to a great degree the current conception of the meaning of abdominal complaints and demonstrating some abnormalities with unerring accuracy which on the operating and necropsy table had usually been overlooked. Nevertheless, there are definite limitations to which this method can be stretched, and the very fact that so much reliance is now placed on it makes it desirable that these limitations be admitted and generally understood. The laity are actually coming to believe that a roentgenogram is a diagnosis and not, as we know very well, a source of data on which opinions may be expressed with widewidestvalues. The


A 3D tablet terminal (100) is provided with: a parallax image display unit (109) that displays a 3D image that contains a right-eye image and a left-eye image each accompanied by parallax; a parallax barrier display unit (105) that displays a striped parallax barrier in a parallax image display unit (109), so as to show the right-eye image to the right eye of a user and to show the left-eye image to the left eye of the user; a user position detection unit (101) that acquires the direction of the user relative to the parallax image display unit (109); a control direction computation unit (103) that makes the direction of a stripe of the parallax barrier displayed by the parallax barrier display unit (105) substantially parallel to the direction of the user; and a parallax image generation unit (107) that generates a 3D image accompanied by parallax in a direction substantially orthogonal to the direction of the user, and displays said 3D image in the parallax image display unit (109).


LTE 230 system is designed for the smart grid to transmit information in a wireless method instead of the wired or manual method. PSS (Primary synchronization signal) is the synchronization signal first detected in LTE 230 system. The timing error caused by PSS will have a ripple effect on the demodulation of downlink signal and the transmission of uplink signal. The detection of PSS is usually operated in time domain (i.e., time domain correlation) under the assumption of perfect timing. However, although little frequency offset will be introduced due to the terminals are fixed; the local oscillators of LTE 230 do not have a high precision considering the cost factor. An improved detection algorithm is proposed to amend the deviation caused by frequency offset.


We study the expansions of the elements in S(Rd +) and S′(Rd +) with respect
 to the Laguerre orthonormal basis, extending the result of M.
 Guillemot-Teissier in the one dimensional case. As a consequence, we obtain
 Kernel theorem for S(Rd +) and S′(Rd +) and an extension theorem of Whitney
 type for S(Rd +). [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 174024]


The prevention of degenerative disease through dietary intervention (chemoprevention), either by the recommendation of specific diets or by the use of dietary supplements, has enormous potential for improving human health. This is particularly the case for the prevention of cancer, where current therapeutic approaches are crude or limited. It has been appreciated through history that diet can affect disease pathogenesis and progression. However, it is only in recent times that we have begun to gain an understanding of what the dietary factors are and how they act at a mechanistic level.


Sarcoidosis is a fascinating multifocal disorder of unknown origin,1 which first attracted the attention of endocrinologists in 1939, when Harrell and Fisher2 reported hypercalcemia as a complicati...


The utility model relates to a free gliding system with a safety protection device, which is characterized in that a flight path rope way is spanned between an upper-end support tower and a lower-end support tower, wherein the safety protection device capable of sliding along with the flight path rope way is arranged on the flight path rope way; a safety cable capable of automatic shrinkage is arranged on the safety protection device; a suspension type hang glider is hung at the lower end of the safety cable; and a launching platform is arranged in front of the upper-end support tower.


Facing the market situation of seasoning industry standardization,production technology,the product multiplication,as well as massive compound seasoning development,China's seasoning enterprises have adopted the brand market policies as competitive,convenient branding.Based on this,we summarized the marketing direction of seasoning market.


[2] Loblaw DA, Virgo KS, Nam R, et al. Initial hormonal management of androgen-sensitive metastatic, recurrent, or progressive prostate cancer: 2006 update of an American Society of Clinical Oncology practice guideline. J Clin Oncol 2007;25:1596–605. [3] Tannock IF, de Wit R, Berry WR, et al. Docetaxel plus prednisone or mitoxantrone plus prednisone for advanced prostate cancer. N Engl J Med 2004;351:1502–12. [4] Gomella LG. Contemporary use of hormonal therapy in prostate cancer: managing complications and addressing quality-of-life issues. BJU Int 2007;99(Suppl 1):25–9, discussion 30. [5] Visakorpi T, Hyytinen E, Koivisto P, et al. In vivo amplification of the androgen receptor gene and progression of human prostate cancer. Nat Genet 1995;9:401–6. [6] Koivisto P, Kononen J, Palmberg C, et al. Androgen receptor gene amplification: a possible molecular mechanism for androgen deprivation therapy failure in prostate cancer. Cancer Res 1997;57:314–9. [7] Whitacre DC, Chauhan S, Davis T, Gordon D, Cress AE, Miesfeld RL. Androgen induction of in vitro prostate cell differentiation. Cell Growth Differ 2002;13:1–11. [8] Joly-Pharaboz MO, Ruffion A, Roch A, et al. Inhibition of growth and induction of apoptosis by androgens of a variant of LNCaP cell line. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2000;73:237–49. [9] Chuu CP, Hiipakka RA, Fukuchi J, Kokontis JM, Liao S. Androgen causes growth suppression and reversion of androgen-independent prostate cancer xenografts to an androgen-stimulated phenotype in athymic mice. Cancer Res 2005;65:2082–4. [10] Prout Jr GR, Brewer WR. Response of men with advanced prostatic carcinoma to exogenous administration of testosterone. Cancer 1967;20:1871–8. [11] Fowler Jr JE, Whitmore Jr WF. The response of metastatic adenocarcinoma of the prostate to exogenous testosterone. J Urol 1981; 126:372–5. [12] Fowler Jr JE, Whitmore Jr WF. Considerations for the use of testosterone with systemic chemotherapy in prostatic cancer. Cancer 1982;49:1373–7.


Karoly Bezdek and Egon Schulte are two geometers who have mad important and numerous contributions to Discrete Geometry. Both have trained many young mat hematicians and have actively encouraged the development of the area by professors of various countries. Karoly Bezdek studied the illumination problem among many o ther problems about packing and covering of convex bodies. More recently he has also contributed to th e theory of packing of equal balls in three-space and to the study of billiards, both of which are important for physicists. He has contributed two monographs [1, 2] in Discrete Geometry. Egon Schulte, together with Ludwig Danzer, initiated the st udy on abstract polytopes as a way to enclose in the same theory objects with combinatorial properties re sembling those of convex polytopes. An important cornerstone on this topic is his monograph with Peter McMull en [11]. In the latest years he explored the link between abstract polytopes and crystallography. In this Workshop, which is a continuation of the preceding fiv e-day one, we explored the ways in which the areas of abstract polytopes and discrete convex geometr y has been influenced by the work of the two researchers. The last three decades have witnessed the revi val of interest in these subjects and great progress has been made on many fundamental problems.


Professor U. N. Ghoshal is one of the leading authorities on ancient Indian history and culture. He is also one of the few scholars who have undertaken a critical and systematic analysis of the premises and conclusions in Indian historiography. The present work is a reprint of the 1957 edition and contains only minor changes dealing with rearrangement of the table of contents and footnotes. It is in four parts and seventeen chapters. The first two parts deal with problems of ancient Indian historiography based on an exhaustive survey of materials in Brahmanical and Buddhistic literature. The last two parts are devoted to a critical examination of aspects of ancient Indian polity, administrative institutions and social history.


Present study was conducted during two winter seasons of 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 in farm (Ghazala Village), Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, to evaluate the impact of seven fertilization treatments i.e. F1: humic acid (4 kg/fad), F2: F1 +50% recommended dose of nitrogen (37.5 kg N/fad), F3: commercial organic-fertilizer (3G-101), F4: F3+50% recommended dose of nitrogen (37.5 kg N/fad ), F5: yeast extract, F6: F5+ 50% recommended dose of nitrogen(37.5kg N/fad ) and F7: 75kgN/fad (recommended dose), on productivity of two wheat cultivars i.e. Shandawel-1 and Misr 2. Results alluded that Shendawel-1 cultivar surpassed Misr2 cv in each of chlorophyll content (SPAD unit), flag leaf area (cm), spike length (cm), number of spikelets and grains/spike, 1000 grain weight (g), spike weight, number of spikes/m, biological, straw and grain yields as well as harvest index (HI). Treatment F2 outperformed others in chlorophyll content. Treatment F6 recorded the highest value in each of: flag leaf area, plant height, spike length, number of spikelets and grains/spike, 1000 grain weight, number of spikes/m, biological, straw and grain yields/fad and protein content. Treatment F1 gave the lowest values for the previous traits, but give higher harvest index compared to treatment F5. Grain yield/fad positively and significantly correlated with plant height, spike length, No. of spikletes/spike, 1000 grain weight, spike weight and number of spikes/m.