This article focuses on the relationship between young students in the second cycle of elementary school from the city of Juiz de Fora/MG and films that have young people as protagonists. The focus of the discussion is these young people's perceptions of gender representations in films. To address these perceptions, we used the results of a study developed with young people of a school in the municipal public school system. The research-intervention had as main procedure the implementation of workshops for viewing and discussing films, whose objective was to understand the relationship of those young people with the audiovisual. One of the issues that emerged in the course of the activities was the gender representations built in contact with audiovisual narratives. The results were discussed in the light of Latin American communication studies, with Jesus Martin-Barbero and Nestor Garcia-Canclini as the main references, and gender studies and their relations with the media, developed by Guacira Louro.


Controversial subjects are, as a rule, avoided. But the author frankly follows De Vinne in giving Gutenberg credit for the invention of the art of printing with modern movable types such as are found in his 42-line Bible produced in Maine between 1450 and 1455. There is an adequate bibliography. The book gives evidence that Mr. Haynes has thoroughly read all the volumes he mentions. The student should do likewise j but even then he will be inclined to take down Mr. Haynes' volume whenever he wishes to satisfy himself upon a doubtful point. FREDERICK J. LAZELL .Uniflersity of Iowa


Genetic variation, heritability, genetic advance and correlation co-efficient studied among the fifty wheat genotypes and were evaluated for eleven quantitative characters viz. , days to 50 per cent flowering, days to reproductive phase, days to maturity, plant height (cm), number of reproductive tillers per plant, spike length (cm), number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, grain weight per spike (g), test weight (g) and grain yield per plant (g). All the characters under study showed considerable amount of variability, phenotypic co-efficient of variability was higher than genotypic co-efficient of variability. A persual of co-effiecient of variability indicates that PCV and GCV were quiet high for grain weight per spike. Moderate PCV and GCV were recorded in yield per plant, spike length, number of reproductive tillers per plant, number of spikelets per spike and lowest observed in days to maturity, days to 50 per cent flowering, days to reproductive phase and test weight.A high estimate of heritability was found for plant height. High genetic advance was observed for grain weight per spike (28.85g) and minimum in days to maturity (6.88). Genotypic correlation co-efficients were higher than the corresponding phenotypic correlation co-efficients for all the character combinations. Grain yield per plant showed highly positive association ship with days to 50 per centflowering, days to reproductive phase, plant height, spike length, grain weight per spike and number of grains per spike.


In Japanese, there are verbs of iku which have a literal meaning 'away,' and verbs of kuru which have a literal meaning 'come.' However, in Japanese, the two verbs can have another meaning if viewed from the tense and aspects of a sentence. For Japanese learners, to distinguish between the use of Japanese language and aspects and knowing the meaning of sentences which are characterized by aspects is a complex matter. This study aims to analyze the types of aspects and tense of the iku and kuru verbs. This study uses written tapping techniques with data sources came from Japanese news media, The Daily Jakarta Shinbun , which was published on February 19, 2020. The conclusion of this research is that the type of aspects found in the verbs of - te iku and - te kuru are imperfective aspects and perfective. Furthermore, the type of tense contained in the verbs - te iku and - te kuru is to state the present, future, and past conditions.


Energy consumption is one of the main human activities that affect global climate change, and therefore research on carbon footprint of energy consumption has great significance. In this paper, firstly, concepts and methods relating to carbon footprint of energy consumption were used to calculate the total carbon footprint, carbon footprint of each type of energy, output value of the carbon footprint and its ecological pressure from 1990 to 2009 in Gansu Province. Then, ridge regression function for STIRPAT model was applied to study the quantitative relationship between carbon footprint and economic growth and at the same time verify the existence of Environmental Kuznets Curve. Finally, the decoupling index was introduced to further explore the dynamic relationship between economic growth and carbon footprint. The results show that: 1) The total carbon footprint has increased from 0.091 hm 2 per capita in 1990 to 0.191 hm 2 per capita in 2009, presenting a fluctuated rising trend; 2) For carbon footprint composition of each type of energy consumptions, coal and oil occupy the dominant position while natural gas is of little effect; 3) Output value of carbon footprint has increased from 11,800 RMB per hm 2 in 1990 to 25,100 RMB per hm 2 in 2009, with an average annual growth rate of 4.1%. This means that economic growth of Gansu depends much on fossil energy such as coal, oil and so on; 4) Ecological pressure intensity of carbon footprint has increased to 0.24 in 2009 and is much lower than that in developed regions such as Jiangsu and Shanghai. This is mainly due to the vast area of woodland in Gansu, which reaches up to 46% of the total land area. Development of low-carbon economy is still confronted with many problems, such as limited energy, fragile ecological environment and irrational energy structure. The growth of population and GDP per capita are the two main factors that drive the increase of carbon footprint, and the environmental impact of population is 3.47 times of that of GDP per capita under the same condition. Both regression analysis and decoupling index analysis have proved the existence of Environmental Kuznets Curve between economic growth and carbon footprint but it needs 33 years to achieve the inflection point.


We report problems and improvements of a regulated analytical GC method supported by ISO/DIS 24293 for nonyl phenol isomers (NPs). The variations of peak area and recovery of NPs were found on a regulated GC method which 4-n-nonyl phenol-2,3,5,6-d4 (4-np-d) and phenanthrene-d10 (fnt-d) were utilized as surrogate compounds with syringe spiking. Furthermore, we investigated the relative recovery by the continuous injection of NPs, 4-np-d, and fnt-d, then the decrease rate of peak area of each compound was different although all peaks were gradually decreased. Consequently, the decrease rates of NPs and 4-np-d were higher, and the relative recovery of NPs were also decreased. After cutting off the GC column (about 50 cm) and replacement of an injection insert, the peak areas of compounds were completely recovered. Therefore, we anticipate that the problem was caused by adsorption or degradation of NPs in the inlet area. Additionally, a similar decrease of peak area was observed on the pretreated real samples by the effect of matrix.


Stage of sports training in children's lives play a key role, in order for children to master martial arts enthusiasts scientifically excellent traditional Chinese martial arts of the sport, the children's martial arts training, in addition to following the general martial arts teaching and training methods, is also sensitive to children's physical and mental quality of their physical and mental maturity to enhance both the quality of training. Through years of teaching and training children study martial arts, of the children's physical, psychological and other aspects should be noted that some of the problems. To combine physical and psychological characteristics of children's science teach ing and training,


The inherent problem of open-loop instabilities that are created by a constant power load (CPL) is substantially analyzed and a novel control solution is proposed. The aim of the controller is to regulate the output voltage of any arbitrary CPL at desired level through a suitable feedback loop acting on the duty-ratio of a dc/dc boost converter feeding the CPL. The method is based on measurements of the output current at the CPL node, and as shown in this paper, it also needs the exact calculation of the corresponding input current of the dc/dc boost converter for any particular case. Since the latter is a cumbersome task, the input current calculation is substituted by a proportional-integral (PI) controller. Particularly, the proposed PI controller compares in his input the output voltage with its command voltage input and provides in its output the desired value of the input current. Actually, the inverse of this value is automatically approached, providing in this manner a significant degree of freedom for the whole design. The results presented in the paper for two distinct cases, one with the mean value dc/dc converter model and the other with the exact switching one, fully confirm the effectiveness of the proposed design.


A sensor is presented to measure translational displacement exploiting the position-dependent signals generated by pyroelectric films when excited by a movable LED that works as a contactless light-spot cursor. The pyroelectric films are made of PZT screen-printed on alumina substrate by the thick-film technology. The sensor employs a differential configuration which minimizes the sensitivity towards mechanical vibrations and microphonics caused by the piezoelectric response of PZT. An electronic circuit based on excitation modulation and synchronous rectification rejects the interference from thermal and light background. The sensor principle, design, and manufacturing are described and experimental results from the device characterization are reported.


: The clinical examination of dental caries is usually conducted by visual inspection and tactile palpation in conjunc-tion with radiographic examination. Last year, a new device for diagnosis, DIAGNOcam received pharmaceutical approval in Japan. In this apparatus, laser diode light(wavelength 780 nm)is transmitted from bone to tooth, and the images are cap-tured by a charged-coupled device. The detection of dental caries is based on the changes in the contrast of the obtained images compared with that of healthy tooth substances. Recent reports have indicated that this new device has an advantage of no radiation exposure and is effective for caries examination of permanent dentition. However, there is little data available on its efficacy for caries examination of primary teeth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficiency of the DIAGNOcam in caries examination of primary teeth. We analyzed eight primary teeth from four individuals, and found that the DIAGNOcam was useful for caries examination of primary teeth. However, the initial caries was not clearly identified. This clinical study revealed that the DIAGNOcam is a useful tool for caries detection in primary as well as permanent teeth.


The acute toxicity of various concentrations of copper sulfate to Charybdis japonica was determined, and the safety concentration was 0.50 mg/L. Then, effects of 0.50 mg/L copper sulfate accumulation on protective system in muscle, gill, hepatopancreas, heart and gonad were studied.The results showed that superoxide dismutase(SOD) and catalase(CAT) activities were found to be ranged in a descendant order as the following: heart > gill and muscle > gonad and hepatopancreas, gonad > hepatopancreas > heart > gill and muscle, respectively. Short time accumulation of the chemicals stimulated SOD and CAT activities, while the activities dropped during the long period.The sensitivities of SOD and CAT to the poison were much more in gill, sex gland and hepatopancreas than those in the heart and muscle.


t Assistant of the Department of Cardiology. Present address: St. Joannes de Deo Hospital, The Hague. This preparation was subjected to an extensive pharmacological int~estigation by Funcke (1). The following is a brief report on the results of his investigations. The spasmolytic activity of a series of esters of mandelic acid was investigated by the usual pharmacological method, viz. by the determination of the amounts required of each substance for the abolition of spasms evoked in an isolated segment of intestine by the administration of aeetylcholine, histamine and barium chloride, respectively. It appeared that the substance later named Cyclospasmol, was the most active of the whole series. It was further investi-


cate that the effects of drying and the lack of a nutrient source were taking effect. The survival of Strep pyogenes for up to 3 days compared with the greater than 5 days' survival of Staph aureus was indi cative of the fastidiousness and hardiness of each respective organism. Summary This study indicated that when inocu lated onto dental charts, both viruses and bacteria were capable of survival allow ing the potential for transmission of infec tion w ithin the dental office. The con scientious dental practitioner can take steps to reduce this possible mode of in fection by removing contaminated surgi cal gloves or washing hands before han dling the chart. An additional method of reducing this potential w ould be to wipe the chart with an antiseptic solution. Al though this study has shown that there is a potential for the spread of infection with the organisms tested, the actual extent of dental chart contamination and resultant illnesses contracted are the basis for further study. A dditional studies are needed to follow the pattern of chart dis tribution from person to person within the dental office, determine the types and quantities of pathogens present in the mouth that would contaminate the charts, and sample the charts under actual clini cal conditions to determine the types and viability of the organisms present.


This research aimed to determine the antioxidant activity of extract combinations of Sarang Semut ( Myrmecodia pendens Merr. & L.M. Perry) and Jahe Merah ( Zingiber officinale Var. Rubrum), a significant difference in the antioxidant activity of extract combination Sarang Semut and Jahe Merah with a ratio of 5:0; 4:1; 3:2; 2:3; 1:4; 0:5 at various concentration, extract combinations of Sarang Semut and Jahe Merah that most potential used as an antioxidant, and existences of any synergistic action of extract combinations. The combinations extract made with ratio 5:0 (sarang semut only) ; 4:1; 3:2; 2:3; 1:4; 0:5 (jahe merah only) at various concentrations 15 μ g/mL ; 7.5 μ g/mL ; 3.75 μ g/mL; 1.875 μ g/mL ; 0.9375 μ g/mL and tested by DPPH method (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), was diluted DPPH in ethanol, concentration 0.048 μ g/mL. antioxidant activity parameter is IC 50 (Concentration Inhibition). The results of this research showed that the IC 50 values for extract combinations of Sarang Semut and Jahe Merah with ratio 5:0 (sarang semut only); 4:1; 3:2; 2:3; 1:4; 0:5 (jahe merah only) at various concentration 15 μ g/mL ; 7.5 μ g/mL ; 3.75 μ g/mL; 1.875 μ g/mL ; 0.9375 μ g/mL were 6.277 µg/mL ; 6.396 µg/mL ; 7.999 µg/mL ; 9.963 µg/mL ; 9.914 µg/mL ; 13.956 µg/mL, respectively. From the result of several combinations, denoting highest antioxidant activity is the combination extract Sarang Semut and Jahe Merah by ratio 4:1. The results of ANOVA statistical analysis showed difference significantly in the antioxidant activity of Sarang Semut when combined by Jahe Merah. The combinations of extract Sarang Semut and Jahe Merah showed no synergistic action.


The stylus printer is a kind of common office equipment and cases involving identification of stylus printing documents are encounted frequently.Based on analysis of the structure of stylus printers and printing principles,features of stylus printing documents for classification and identification of printers are discussed.


ABSTRACT Ecosystem restoration is becoming an urgent global priority to recover degraded areas, especially in tropical regions. Social participation is fundamental for the success of restoration processes, but it needs to be better documented. This article describes a participatory mangrove restoration process developed with two local communities inhabiting Pantanos de Centla Biosphere Reserve (PCBR) in Tabasco, Mexico. Both communities, El Palmar and Tembladeras, rely on numerous ecosystem services provided by mangroves, and the premise of the project was to closely involve them in all phases of the restoration process. During the planning phase, dialogue with PCBR authorities and the participating communities allowed us to: (1) assess local needs and interests to determine the project's viability; (2) perform social and ecological diagnostics; and (3) make decisions regarding restoration actions. With technical accompaniment, community members themselves executed restoration actions during the implementation phase. In El Palmar, people reforested an area equivalent to 160 ha with 17,038 propagules of Rhizophora mangle. In Tembladeras, they manually cleaned 4,942 m of natural channels to reestablish water flow dynamics across 34.7 ha. These activities were done in parallel with four training workshops for community members focusing on ecosystem services, ecological restoration processes, and monitoring techniques. With guidance from the project team, community members conducted initial monitoring of restoration actions four months after implementation. The local communities' participation in all stages was fundamental to promoting an integral and sustainable restoration process of the socio-ecosystem and fostering greater awareness of the full range of services mangroves provide.


Over the last two and a half decades, the use and distribution of opioids has dramatically increased. As a result, rates of abuse, addiction, and death associated with opioids such as OxyContin and synthetic opioids like fentanyl, have consequently increased. Eventually dubbed, "The Opioid Epidemic" this crisis was first identified when economist Angus Deaton and his wife, Anne Case, found an increase in rates of morbidity and mortality in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) data among middle-aged white non-Hispanic Americans (Case and Deaton). This opioid epidemic has profound, medical, legal, and ethical implications. Medically, questions are raised about the proper use of opioids when managing acute and chronic pain, post-operative pain, or pain from terminal conditions like advanced stage cancer, and how to treat the long-term effects of opioid abuse. The legal implications include whether to treat or incarcerate addicts and abusers, whether physicians are obtaining informed consent from their patients and treating with the appropriate standard of care, and whether pharmaceutical companies should be held liable after misleading the FDA, physicians, and the public about the addictive nature of some opioids. Ethical issues arise from the prescribing practices of some physicians and whether the risk of abuse and addiction outweighs the benefit of pain relief in addition to the social, political, and economic effects of the epidemic on broader society. As of 2016, the opioid epidemic has only grown worse with just under 50,000 of 64,000 overdose deaths relating to opioids (Katz). The proposed solutions to these problems in the "culture of medicine" include implementing treatment over incarceration, expanding medication-assisted therapies and the use of naloxone, establishing safe-injection sites, re-educating physicians on the proper use of opioids, and holding pharmaceutical companies responsible.


Compared to verbal and textual language, sketch maps are an intuitive and effective way to communicate about spatial information. Untrained users can use sketch maps to easily interact with GISs, e.g., to query the spatial database by drawing freehand sketches. However, in these handdrawn sketches, errors such as straightening, direction and shape distortions are inevitable and are a natural result of schematization, distortion and abstraction in perceptual and cognitive processes. These errors affect the accuracy of sketched spatial properties and spatial relations, e.g., topological relations or cardinal directions, which make sketch maps not as accurate as metric maps which is based on exact measurements. This paper analyzes typical cognitive errors in sketch maps and evaluates Egenhofer's query-by-sketch approach for sketch map formalization with respect to these errors. We conduct an experiment that demonstrates how typical cognitive errors lead to false formalizations in the query-by-sketch approach and suggest how the formalization could be improved. We aim at developing an approach for sketch representation which is able to deal with cognitive errors, incomplete information, and capable of abstracting useful spatial relations at the right level of granularity for future spatial reasoning tasks.


Objective To explore the prognosis of patients with lung cancer after radiofrequency ablation(RFA) treatment and its influencing factors.Methods A total of 80 patients with lung cancer underwent RFA treatment in our department from 2000 to 2006.The follow-up period ranged from 4 to 68 months and follow-up rate was 92.5%.Kaplan-Meier model and Log-rank test were used in univariate analysis and COX regression model was used in multivariate analysis to identify prognostic factors for survival.Results Eighty patients were divided into 3 groups according to UICC standard of lung cancer:13 cases were in stage Ⅰ or Ⅱ of primary lung cancer;50 cases were in stage Ⅲ or Ⅳ of primary lung cancer and 17 cases had lung metastatic cancers.The survival rates at half a year,1 year,2 year and 3 year of the 80 patients were 72.5%,51.2%,22.2% and 12.5% respectively.The survival rates in patients with different tumor stages at half a year,1 year,2 year and 3 year were estimated as follows:92.9%,85.7%,63.5% and 39.7% of the patients in stage Ⅰ/Ⅱ;59.0%,37.8%,11.8% and 5.9% of the patients in stage Ⅲ/Ⅳ;71.4%,50.0%,7.1% and 7.1% of the patients with metastatic lung cancer.There was significant difference in survival rates between patients of stage Ⅰ/Ⅱ and patients of stage Ⅲ/Ⅳ,as well as between patients of stage Ⅰ/Ⅱ and metastatic lung cancer.There was no statistical difference in survival rates between patients of stage Ⅲ/Ⅳ and metastatic lung cancer.Using univariate analysis,11 potential factors were analyzed and 4 of them were found significant for survival.These 4 factors were age,UICC stage,chemotherapy and recurrence or metastasis.The 4 factors mentioned above were further analyzed by multivariate analysis model and 3 of them were identified as prognostic factors for survival.These 3 factors included age,UICC stage and chemotherapy.Conclusion The prognosis factors in patients with lung cancer after RFA treatment were age,UICC stage and chemotherapy.This information might be useful for the treatment of lung cancer.


The conventional electrospinning often uses a needle-like nozzle to produce nanofibers with a very low production rate. Despite the enormous application potential, needle electrospun nanofibers meet difficulties in broad applications in practice, due to the lack of an economic and efficient way to scale up the electrospinning process. Recently, needleless electrospinning has emerged as a new electrospinning mode and shown ability to produce nanofibers on large-scales. It has been established that the fiber generator, also referred to as "spinneret" in this paper, in needleless electrospinning plays a key role in scaling up the nanofiber production. This paper summarizes the recent advances in the development of needleless spinnerets and their influences on electrospinning process, nanofiber quality, and productivity.


Following Matthews' (2005) recent examination of prostitution's changing regulatory framework, we offer a critical account of the move from 'enforcement' (punishment) to 'multi-agency' (regulatory) responses as, in part, a consequence of new forms of governance. We focus on the increasing salience of exiting - a move favoured by Matthews as signalling a renewed welfare approach, but one which, when viewed in the wider context of 'progressive governance', offers insight into New Labour's attempt to increase social control under the rhetoric of inclusion, through techniques of risk and responsibilization. By exploring the moral and political components of these techniques, we demonstrate how they operate to privilege and exclude certain forms of citizenship, augmenting the on-going hegemonic moral and political regulation of sex workers.


Since its inception in 2000, TEMPEST, a fixed wing time domain electromagnetic (TDEM) system, has been used in mineral, environmental and groundwater exploration and regolith and salt mapping. The versatility of the system can be attributed to its broad operational bandwidth, multifaceted software approach and distinctive calibration technique which allows both early and late time ground response to be imaged. In the last decade the system has undergone a range of hardware and software developments with the aim of satisfying the changing landscape of geophysical exploration. Recent developments have resulted in improved system compensation, spatial resolution and noise levels which have helped further expand the system's applications. Forward and inverse modelling results and survey data are used to demonstrate the impact of recent developments on enhancing the system's ability in a range of geophysical environments and exploration targets.


The closely cooperation of the electrical and civil engineering design of the 110 kV Qiliang Substation are described;and the design is comprehensively optimized.Such as the general layout is adjusted;ancillary rooms is canceled;counter-screen is optimized;10 kV distribution equipment room and secondary equipment room is jointed.With manufacturing factory made,the scene splicing and the construction of the dry-member assembly,the construction progress of the upper structure of the building is greatly accelerated.At the same time,the level of civilization in construction site is also raised.From the start of the substation to running of the installation,the time is less than three months;it is just half of normal way.The new kind of substation can fully implement the requirement for "two types and one mode" of the State Grid Corporation.


Background Few case reports have described cerebral venous sinous thrombosis (CVT) in children with tuberculosis and tubercular meningitis Aims and objectives To determine incidence of CVT in children with tubercular meningitis Methods This was a single centre prospective cohort of children diagnosed with TBM. The neuroimaging of children with TBM were prospectively evaluated for CVT. Children with CVT were treated with anti-tubercular drugs, steroids and anti-coagulation. Outcome was assessed using Paediatric Cerebral Performance Category Scale Results 255 children with tubercular meningitis were evaluated out of which twelve children (4.7%) had CVT. Median Age at diagnosis was 24 month (range 12–120 months). Median duration of symptoms was 59.5 days (IQR 30.5–77.5 days, range 18–159 days). Only one child had CVT at admission while ten children (83%) were suspected to have CVST on CT scan subsequent to drainage of hydrocephalous. CVT was symptomatic in 33% of children. Eleven children had involvement of superior sagittal sinus, six had involvement of transverse sinus, four had sigmoid sinus while one child also had affection of straight sinus. Two children succumbed during treatment. Protein C was deficient in one child while protein S was deficient in 3 children. Median Duration of follow up was 8 months. 2 children had normal functioning, 1 has severe disability, 5 are in vegetative state, one has moderate disability and cognitive impairment and 3 children have died Conclusion CVT in TBM is not common and needs to be considered in any child who fails to have improvement in sensorium after CSF drainage procedure


A disc recliner mechanism, comprising: a pair of guide plates having guide member; and a tooth plate having a radially inner edge, said inner radial edge having a plurality of teeth. A pawl mounted on said guide plate and between said tooth plate includes a radially inner cam surface and a toothed outer edge. Said pawl member guided by said guide between an extended position and a retracted position, in the retracted position, the pawl and disengage said tooth plate to allow rotation of said tooth plate, in the extended position, the pawl engages with the tooth plate to prevent rotation of said tooth plate. Rotatably mounted to said guide member between the teeth and the cam plate includes a surface selectively engageable with said cam and cooperating radially outer cam profile. The rotation of the cam in a first direction relative to said pawl radially outward movement of the guide plate to the extended position and applies a torque to said pawl thereby wedging said pawl of said guide cited between pieces.


Abstract : This report presents the results of a controlled flight test program to investigate possible improvements in sonobuoy launching and retardation equipment for the purpose of decreasing errors in sonobuoy spacing. The P2V aircraft standard sonobuoy launching equipment with modifications by the Naval Air Development Center (NAVAIRDEVCEN) to launch stores at various angles to the aircraft horizontal datum plane and orient the retardation means within the launching tube was evaluated under actual flight conditions to determine the effect on sonobuoy trajectory and placement accuracy.


A constant supply of novel ideas and contributions from all economic sectors is required to further the sustainable development of cities. Therefore, there is a growing need for well-educated graduates to enter metropolitan job markets. As urban environments and culture have been shown to affect a graduates' eventual carrier choice and trajectory, governments often seek to change their local environments to attract graduates who can help efficiently allocate and utilize a city's often-limited environmental budgets. In this study, the conjoint analysis (CA) method was employed to explore the effects of four environmental attributes (water pollution, air pollution, littering, and green area) on graduate employment preferences in northeast China. Water pollution was shown to have the greatest effect on graduate preferences (43.6%), followed by air pollution (34.1%), littering (20.7%), and green area (1.6%). According to this ranking of importance, cities could improve their environmental attributes to maximize the attraction of Northeast graduates. Moreover, this study applied the Baidu index (a big data sharing platform) to improve the attribute selection process of the CA method. The improvement reduced the cost of the CA method and enhanced its objectivity.


Cultural Analytics (C.A.) is an approach for analyzing media and digital culture using data methods and visual computing techniques. This article explores the aesthetic value of C.A. by approaching cultural visualizations as digital artworks. The authors present a variety of techniques developed since 2007 by members of the C.A. lab for creating visualizations of media artifacts and collections of images. Through a series of projects conducted by them, the authors discuss the artistic meaning of media visualizations and their experience in art exhibitions, workshops and seminars.


IN 2003, a health crisis took place that severely tested Hong Kong, among a number of other parts of the world, with at 15 June a death toll in the city of 295 (out of 1,755 cases). Schools were closed, an apartment block was quarantined, and businesses suffered as people stayed home. Because no one at that time knew much about what came to be called 'severe acute respiratory syndrome' (shortened to both SARS and Sars), the disease offered a 'blank screen' onto which various fears could be projected. It seemed to spread directly to close contacts – but airborne contagion could not be ruled out. The death rate was under five percent, but there was a possibility that it could become more virulent. It might turn out like any other flu-like illness, or like the 1918 flu pandemic that killed millions. In addition, it was the perfect mechanism for Hong Kong to project its current uncertainties over its image and place in the world. Thus, the 'pragmatic handling' of this event in the major English language newspaper of the city, the South China Morning Post, holds much linguistic interest. The SCMP is a major English-language newspaper in East Asia.


Bonse-Hart double-crystal diffractometers (DCD) with multibounce channel-cut crystals show rocking curves which depart dramatically in their wings from dynamical diffraction theory. This intrinsic background is many orders of magnitude higher than the predictions of dynamical diffraction theory. This effect has been studied at the ultra-small-angle neutron scattering (USANS) facility at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the measurement of rocking curves from different volume elements of a thick single-bounce Si(lll) perfect crystal and from triple-bounce channel-cut Si(lll) crystals. Analysis of these data, together with the rocking curves from an X-ray Bonse-Hart DCD, allows it to be established that the rocking curve of the multibounce channel-cut crystals contains parasitic scattering generated at the surface of the crystals. The intensity of this component can be reduced by very deep etching of the crystal surface. Using this technique, the signal-to-noise ratio of the Bonse-Hart DCD at the ORNL USANS facility has been improved by one order of magnitude to ~,5 x 105 [I(0)/I(0 = 10")].


In the recent article by Darling and collaborators1 reference is made to the apparently exceptional nature of the diagnosis in North American centers. It is only made with significant frequency in certain hospitals, among which is the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto. Our experience in this hospital as reported in 19552 and subsequently3 was analogous to that reported from the Boston Floating Hospital in 1974 in regard to the crucial importance of the diagnostic radiological technique as described by the workers in the Hospital for Sick Children, London.


The present invention discloses a polysilicon film deposited during the adjustment of the dopant concentration in the gate forming a semiconductor device which can improve the profile of the gate for forming the gate. The present invention is disclosed, comprising: forming a gate oxide film on a semiconductor substrate; Forming a first polysilicon film on said gate oxide film; The step of forming the second polysilicon film and the first poly jungnong road doped with an impurity ion in the silicon film; The step of forming the third polysilicon film doped with the impurity ions on the second polysilicon film at a low concentration; Further comprising: a fourth polysilicon film formed by the third polysilicon film doped with the impurity ions on the road jungnong; Forming a fifth polysilicon film on said fourth polysilicon film; And it characterized in that it comprises the step of selectively etching the polysilicon film and the fifth, the fourth polysilicon film, and the third polysilicon layer, the second polysilicon film, a first polysilicon layer and the gate oxide film.


Detection of double Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) compression is an important part of image forensics. Although methods in the past studies have been presented for detecting the double JPEG compression with a different quantization matrix, the detection of double JPEG compression with the same quantization matrix is still a challenging problem. In this paper, an effective method to detect the recompression in the color images by using the conversion error, rounding error, and truncation error on the pixel in the spherical coordinate system is proposed. The randomness of truncation errors, rounding errors, and quantization errors result in random conversion errors. The pixel number of the conversion error is used to extract six-dimensional features. Truncation error and rounding error on the pixel in its three channels are mapped to the spherical coordinate system based on the relation of a color image to the pixel values in the three channels. The former is converted into amplitude and angles to extract 30-dimensional features and 8-dimensional auxiliary features are extracted from the number of special points and special blocks. As a result, a total of 44-dimensional features have been used in the classification by using the support vector machine (SVM) method. Thereafter, the support vector machine recursive feature elimination (SVMRFE) method is used to improve the classification accuracy. The experimental results show that the performance of the proposed method is better than the existing methods.


A procedure for creating a three-dimensional finite element model of a horse's foot is presented. This procedure is applicable to a variety of complex biological structures including joints.


The internet connected devices (ICD) are more energy constrained technology as the data requires more energy to transmit. In this paper we considered the wireless sensor networks as the application domain of Internet connected Devices. In this paper we proposed an Energy Efficient(EE) and reliable Algorithm for wireless Sensor Networks .Most of the existing protocols works for the static nodes and base station instead we proposed the algorithm for Mobile nodes as well base


The article is based on the need for effective use of marketing research in the activities of food industry. Scientific proposals and practical recommendations on the organization and improvement of marketing researches in the food market are developed.


Computers and the Internet are everywhere nowadays, in every home, domain and field. Communications between users, applications and heterogeneous information systems are mainly done via XML structured data. XML, based on simple textual data and not requiring any specific platform or environment, has invaded and governed the communication Medias. In the 21stcentury, these communications are now inter-domain and have stepped outside the scope of computer science into other areas (i.e., medical, commerce, social, etc.). As a consequence, and due to the increasing amount of XML data floating between non-expert users (programmers, scientists, etc.), whether on instant messaging, social networks, data storage and others, it is becoming crucial and imperative to allow non-experts to be able to manipulate and control their data (e.g.,parents who want to apply parental control over instant messaging tools in their house, a journalist who wants to gather information from different RSS feeds and filter them out, etc.). The main objective of this work is the study of XML manipulations by non-expert users. Four main related categories have been identified in the literature: XML-oriented visual languages, Mashups, XML manipulation by security and adaptation techniques, and Dataflow visual programming languages. However, none of them provides a full-fledged solution for appropriate XML data manipulation. In our research, we formally defined an XML manipulation framework, entitled XA2C (XML Alteration/Adaptation Composition Framework). XA2C represents a visual studio for an XML-oriented DFVPL (Dataflow Visual Programming Language), called XCDL (XML-oriented Composition Definition Language) which constitutes the major contribution of this study. XCDL is based on Colored Petri Nets allowing non-expert users to compose manipulation operations. The XML manipulations range from simple data selection/projection to data modification (insertion, removal, obfuscation, etc.). The language is oriented to deal with XML data (XML documents and fragments), providing users with means to compose XML oriented operations. Complementary to the language syntax and semantics, XA2C formally defines also the compiler and runtime environment of XCDL. In addition to the theoretical contribution, we developed a prototype, called X-Man, and formally defined an evaluation framework for XML-oriented visual languages and tools that was used in a set of case studies and experiments to evaluate the quality of use of our language and compare it to existing approaches. The obtained assessments and results were positive and show that our approach outperforms existing ones. Several future tracks are being studied such as integration of more complex operations (control operators, loops, etc.), automated compositions, and language derivation to define specific languages oriented towards different XML-based standards (e.g., RSS, RDF, SMIL, etc.)


A method to monitor one Asian dust storm occurred on April 28,2005 by means of four daytime and nighttime MODIS images that are boarded on Terra and Aqua platform is presented.Screening is important for dust storm detection.For daytime Terra and Aqua MODIS data,cloud screening is obtained by using visible and near infrared reflectance,single thermal infrared bright temperature threshold,and the difference of bright temperatures.In the evening TIR bands are only used to remove cloud effects.Then three thermal infrared(TIR),8.5 μm,11 μm,and 12 μm are used,and a tri-spectral technique presented by Ackerman(1997) to extract dust storm areas.It is found that combining brightness temperature differences BT8.5-BT11 with negative BT11-BT12 can detect dust storm.The dust storm areas can be separated from cloud and non-dust areas both on land and on the ocean.Furthermore,dust storm motion can be analyzed by these four scenes MODIS data within 24 h.The result is reasonable by validation with RGB composition method and meteorology data.The study also shows that MODIS data has great potential in dust storm research.


In order to develop power electronic systems with high power densities the performance of the cooling system has to be increased. Thereby, the thermal resistance of power semiconductor modules is an important design aspect. However, the thermal resistance of modules is influenced by cross-coupling effects which are dependent on the module layout and the heatsink. These cross-coupling effects are not listed in the datasheet and need to be measured. In this paper, the thermal resistance of a power module is measured utilizing the indirect virtual junction temperature measurement. The measured values are compared to datasheet values. Thermal cross-coupling effects are analyzed for different module configurations. A simple measurement approach is outlined which measures several chips inside the module to analyze cross-coupling effects with respect to the module geometry. Significant deviations from the datasheet values are measured when operating under real world conditions.


Although UK legislation against age discrimination is required by December 2006, little is yet known about how ageism affects different age categories of employees, and the gender dimensions of ageism have also been neglected. Both issues were investigated by questionnaire survey, producing responses from over 1000 employees of a major UK financial services enterprise. The extent and manifestations of ageism were found to vary across age categories and by sex, and evidence of gendered ageism emerged. Reported examples of ageism were highest among younger and older age categories, but all age groups were affected to some degree. Across all ages, women were more likely than men to experience ageist attitudes concerning appearance or sexuality. To be effective, legislation will need to cater for the complex nature and patterns of age discrimination revealed, though the comparator problem and other complexities are such that important aspects of age prejudice, including gender dimensions, risk being overlooked.


In this review of welded joints, a comprehensive examination of the different types of welding joints, their characteristics, advantages, and limitations were carried out. It includes an analysis of the different welding techniques, such as arc welding, gas welding, and resistance welding, and their suitability for various materials and applications. It also covers the factors that affect the strength and durability of welded joints, such as the welding parameters, joint design, and post-weld treatments. It explores the challenges associated with welding joints, such as distortion, residual stresses, and welding defects, and the techniques used to mitigate these issues. In addition, this review examines the testing methods used to evaluate the performance of welded joints, such as tensile testing, bending testing, and impact testing, and the standards and codes that govern the design, fabrication, and inspection of welded structures.


The Tennessee Eastman (TE) benchmark process provided by Downs and Vogel in 1993 is a realistic simulation of an actual commercial process. Due to the confidential considerations, real components, some physical properties, and kinetic data in this TE program are modified for academic research and industrial training. It is known that TE plant has seven possible operating modes for three different production mass ratios. Since then, several researches have utilized this TE plant to evaluate optimal operating conditions and performance of the proposed process flowsheets and control schemes. By studying the characteristics of different TE control structures presented in the literature, this work first apply commercial process design simulators to setting reasonable TE process flowsheets. Different operating modes and control performance are then tested by steady-state and dynamic simulations of this designed TE flowsheet. Finally, mode transition control strategies proposed by Tu (2006) are then used to transfer the TE plant from one operating mode to other modes.


Individual bus operators specify vehicles in line with their own unique requirements. Collectively, diversity across vehicle specifications increases costs and lead time in local bus manufacture, paradoxically having negative consequences for the very function that specifications were intended to improve. The vehicle specifications are driven by functional requirements and are therefore difficult to reconcile with manufacturing by simply reducing them. This research set out to develop bus designs balancing user and manufacturer needs. Investigation found that specification diversity results from bus operators determining designs to meet their requirements - resulting in a raft of solutions to the same or similar problems. Two interventions to this situation were formulated; that a higher-specification product could offer equal or better function to bus operators while being of standardised manufacture; and that a system of modular design could be implemented where specification differences were functionally justified. These approaches were tested in the design, manufacture and market implementation of a new driver's area for transit buses. Through analysis of months of manufacture the new driver's area was found to meet the requirements of private and government bus operators while also streamlining manufacture. The research resulted in a definitive design strategy for the development of better public transit vehicles, and a tangible contribution to the field in the form of a new product.


The infrastructural development activities due to rapid urbanization, low lying agricultural and marshy lands in and around Mangalore (India) are being converted into
estates with locally available lithomargic clay. These filled up areas pose problems of low bearing capacity as well as excessive settlements. As long as this soil is confined and dry, there is a very little or no problem, when it comes in contact with water, it loses its
strength. The engineering properties of this soil are enhanced by the addition of additives (cement, quarry dust and quarry dust +cement). In the present study the microfabric and mineralogical aspects of the stabilized lithomargic clay is studied using Scanning Electron
Microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD). The XRD analysis of lithomargic clay stabilized with cement, revealed the formation ettringite, CSH and CAH. The SEM analysis revealed change in the soil structure due to the addition of cement and quarry dust


Abstract Septic arthritis is a rare condition in children, especially in neonates. Early recognition and proper treatment are required to avoid serious complications. We present the case of a male newborn diagnosed with septic arthritis of the right elbow who was treated with repeated joint aspiration and i.v. antibiotics (Amikacin and Meropenem). Blood culture and joint cultures were positive for Klebsiella pneumoniae. The final outcome was good, with no apparent local or systemic complications. General considerations regarding this rare condition, etiology and treatment options are also included in the paper.


The article is devoted to the review of basic theoretical and methodological approaches to analysis social responsibility as one of the important phenomena of modern society. The concept «social responsibility» is analyzed from the standpoint of existential, Marxist, ethical and discursive-communicative approaches. In addition, the author proposed to consider the essence of social responsibility in terms of structural-functional and operational approaches. In this connection, the article analyzes the phenomenon of social responsibility within the framework of the theory of social action and the theory of social systems.


A survey has been made, by using computer methods, of the types of helices which polypeptide chains can form, taking into account steric requirements and intramolecular hydrogen‐bonding interactions. The influence on these two requirements, of small variations in the bond angles of the peptide residues, or of small changes in the overall dimensions of the helix (pitch and residues per turn), have been assessed for the special case of the α‐helix. Criteria for the formation of acceptable hydrogen bonds have also been applied to helices of other types, viz., the 3  10 − , γ−, ω−, and π‐helices. It was shown that the NH … O and H … OC angles in hydrogen bonds are sensitive to changes in either the NCαC′ bond angle or in the rotational angles about the NCα and CαC′ bonds. However, the variants of the α‐helix observed experimentally in myoglobin can all be constructed without distortion of the hydrogen bonds. For α‐helices, the steric and hydrogen bonding requirements are more easily fulfilled with an NCαC′ bond angle of 111°, rather than 109.5°. The decreased stability observed for the left‐handed α‐helix relative to the right‐handed one for L‐amino acids is due essentially only to interactions of the Cβ atom of the side chains with atoms in adjacent peptide units in the backbone, and interactions with atoms in adjacent turns of the helical backbone are not significantly different in the two helices. Restrictions in the freedom of rotation of bulky side chains may have significant kinetic effects during the formation of the α‐helix from the "random coil" state.


ABSTRACT Taking its points of departure from the comedy series Broad City and from the unsavory incident of a man dying from complications resulting from bestial sex, this article meditates on 3 limitations of consent as an antidote to or index of sexual violence. In many zones of sex—and not just interspecies or otherwise atypical sex—consent may be inapposite, insufficient, or riddled with definitional scope contradictions, thereby cabining its normative force.


The invention discloses an electric vehicle information acquisition system, which comprises a battery, a battery management module, a mileage counting device and a vehicular terminal. The battery management module is used for detecting relevant information of the battery and transmitting the relevant information of the battery to the vehicular terminal. The mileage counting device is used for acquiring actual running mileage data of the electric vehicle and transmitting the data to the vehicular terminal. The vehicular terminal is used for receiving the relevant information of the battery sent by the battery management module and the actual running mileage data of the electric vehicle sent by the mileage counting device.


Multimedia applications and specifically voice and video conferencing tools are widely used in business communications, and are quickly being discovered by the consumer market as well. At the same time, wireless communication services such as PCS voice and cellular data are becoming very popular, leading to the desire to deploy multimedia applications in the wireless environment. Wireless links, however, exhibit several characteristics which are different from traditional wired networks. These include: dynamically changing bandwidth due to mobile host movement in and out of cell where bandwidth is shared, high rates of packet corruption and subsequent loss, and frequent are lengthy disconnections due to obstacles, fading, and movement between cells. In addition, these effects are short-lived and difficult to reproduce, leading to a lack of adequate testing and analysis for applications used in wireless environments.


Aim: To know the performance of chilli varieties for growth, yield and its attributing characters, incidence of thrips and leaf curl index at Central Telangana Zone of Telangana state.
Study Design: Ten (10) treatments in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three (3) replications.
Place and Duration of Study: Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Warangal, Central Telangana Zone of Telangana state. Experiment was conducted in the Kharif season in 2019-20 and 2020-21.
Methodology: Ten chilli varieties namely Surajmukhi, Muchia, LCA-616, Bullet, Bor, Byadgi Kaddi, LCA-625, LCA-960, LCA-620, and Teja were sown in raised bed nursery and transplanted in the main field by following all the recommended package of practices. Observations were made on five randomly selected tagged plants from each variety and replicated for evaluation of characters like plant height, canopy spread, number of branches per plant, number of leaves per plant, chlorophyll content, fruit length, fruit width, ripe fruit colour, fruit shape at pedicel attachment, fruit position, fresh fruit weight, dry fruit weight, number of fruits per plant, dry fruit yield, mean thrips population and upward leaf curl index.
Results: Out of ten chilli varieties, the dry chilli yield was found to be significantly higher in Teja (26.13 q/a) and on par results were noticed in Surajmukhi (25.12 q/a), whereas lowest dry chilli yield was observed in variety Bor (4.47 q/a). Thrips incidence and leaf curl index was found to be significantly lowest in Muchia. The trend indicates that the higher yield depends on the average fruit weight and number of fruits per plant.
Conclusion: Among the ten chilli varieties under study, Teja and Surajmukhi yielded more dry chilli. Whereas the variety Muchia has shown lowest incidence of thrips and leaf curl index. Hence, these varieties have scope for future crop improvement programme.


Cobalt boride is an active heterogeneous catalyst for reactions such as the decomposition of H2O2(ΔE= 5 kcal./mole), the reduction of nitrate to ammonia by borohydride and of azobenzene to hydrazobenzene by hydrazine.


Dr. Nicola Luigi Bragazzi is currently resident in Public Health at the National University of Genoa, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Italy. His research covers different areas, including: i) psychosocial processes and patient-related outcomes, such as quality of life and health locus of control in chronic illness with a particular emphasis on chronic kidney diseases and multiple sclerosis, ii) self-management and empowerment interventions for patients with chronic illness, and iii) conceptual frameworks for integrating psychology and medicine. His work related to clinical psychology has been published in journals such as the American Journal of Bioethics, Patient Preference and Adherence, Psychology research and behavior management and Multiple Sclerosis International.


How do we process emotions expressed by bodies when we don't realize we are looking at them? This research made body postures invisible for participants by using the "continuous flash suppression" method. It turned out that processing bodily emotions is very different from processing faces, and is different across emotions (e.g. neutral, fearful, angry), both when participants consciously see them and when they see them outside their awareness. The research also looked in detail at the brain activity with the 7T MRI scanner, and found that understanding bodily actions involves a large network across the brain. This research provides insights in the way we understand actions and emotions.


Combined with the professional characteristics and quality requirements of ventilation and air conditioning system of subway engineering, this paper discusses the control points of construction quality, clarifies the correct construction plans and technical measures to provide the references for counterparts.


A `core-detecting' apparatus is described for which the efficiency of core detection is uniform for central electron densities from about 20 to 200m-2. Accuracy of location of shower axes has been studied by means of decoherence curves between two identical units; more than 50% of responses are shown to arise from showers for which the axis falls within 3 m of the centre of the detector. The performance of the core detector is shown to be consistent with the conclusion that the proportion of energetic electrons in the centre of showers changes little over the range of shower size examined, and in particular that the smaller showers do not show the characteristics of `old' cascades. The observations provide no evidence of any core structure of size comparable with the measured accuracy of location.


Fig. 1 Freezing potenual curves of some organic acids. electrometerwhile the other was grounded. The asymmetry potential was noted. Cold conc. H2SO 4. was added to the Dewar flask in order to lower the temperature below the ,(freezing point of the sample. Freezing started at the surface of mercury. The potential was recorded as a function of time. The melting potentials were also determined employing a similar set-up. The platinum electrode was placed in the molten acid which was allowed to solidify by removing the V-tube from the bath. After recordingthe asymmetrypotential the tube was once again placed into a Dewar flask maintained at a temperature higher than the melting point of the sample under investigation. Melting started at the surface of mercury and the Pt electrode remained entrapped with solid till the melting was complete. Experimentswererepeated on meltingpotentials wi~ a cell which did not involve mercury. Molten aCid was taken in a pyrex beaker in which a platinum electrode acting as reference electrode was placed. The secondplatinum electrodewhichwas loaded with the crystals of the acid, was introduced into the abovemelt. The crystalsunderwent melting and the potential thus generated was recorded as a function of time. AN entirely new type of electrochemical effect was discoveredby Workman and Reynolds! and Rastogi et al.2 Recent experimental studies made by Rastogi and Shukla3 have shown that a potential is developed when inorganic salts are crystallized under nitrogen atmosphere from their melts. Potentials of the order of 300 mV were detected by Azuma and Kametani4 during the freezing of molten electrolytes. Similarlypotential is also developedwhenthe electrolytesare crystallized out from super saturated solutions or dissolved in water. These potentials have been named precipitation and dissolutionpotentials by Rastogi et al.2,5,6 who have suggested5,6 that such potentials develop due to unequal rate of attachment of cations and anions during crystallization, and due to unequal rate of detachment of cations and anions during dissolution. High potentials during the freezing of ice reported by severalworkers might be due to higher mobility of protons. If this is so, then high freezing potentials should be observed in the case of molten organic acids, since one would expect the mobility of protons to be high in such melts. Accordingly the present investigation was undertaken. Freezing and melting potentials of severalorganic acids have been measured and reported in this paper.


In the present day, metallic oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor-based bio-sensors have been frequently used for various purposes due to their low cost and other properties. In this work, high-k Gate-Stack gate-all-around junctionless Silicon Nanowire FET (SiNWFET) is proposed for neutral biomolecule species detection and enhanced the device performance by introduced gate stack and high metal gate work-function. In particular, neutral biomolecule species like Streptavidin, Uricase, APTES, Protein and ChOx are considered in our study. Subthreshold slope, drain induced barrier lowering (DIBL), leakage current, transconductance, and shifting threshold voltage were considered for study the bio-sensor response. Effect of cavity thickness, cavity length, High-k dielectric thickness, and its length on the detection of the device has also become examined. The results in gate stack junctionless gate all around SiNWFET shows better performance in terms of DIBL, transconductance, leakage current, ION/IOFF ratio and subthreshold slope. The high-k dielectric oxide (HfO2) has been identified for chemical compatibility and thermal stability properties on metal oxide semiconductor transistor as a gate oxide to mitigate the gate tunneling current and short channel effects.


Cataloging & Classification Quarterly seeks informed reviewers to help maintain its reputation as an authoritative source for reviews of materials in all aspects of cataloging and classification. The preference is for critical reviews rather than short, descriptive notices. As is the usual custom, reviewers keep the materials they have reviewed. If you want to become a reviewer, please write to me at the following address, including a brief statement of your interest, specialties, and background:


'fhe central nervous system -:onsists of two parts, the encephalon or brain, and the spinal cord. The first indication of the central nervous system is a longitudinal furrow, called' the medullary groove, on the dorsal side o( the embryo. This groove is gradually converted into a tube by the uniting of. its edges, but before the groove is entirely closed its anterior, expanded end presents three swellings known as the primary fore-brain (prosencephalon), mid-brain (mesencephakin), and hind-brain (rhombencephalon), or the anterior, middle and posterior cerebral vesicles. The primary fore-brain and hind-brain each divide into two parts, and thus five divisions of the brain are formed. From


This thesis compares insurance premium principles with current nancial risk paradigms and uses distorted probabilities, a recent development in premium principle literature, to synthesize the current models for nancial risk measures in banking and insurance. This work attempts to broaden the de nition of value-at-risk beyond the percentile measures. Examples are used to show how the percentile measure fails to give consistent results, and how it can be manipulated. A new class of consistent risk measures is investigated.


In the paper we are concerned with the problem of flow control. We consider two-dimensional (2D) turbulent wake flows past rotating obstacles where the control objective is to minimize the drag force. Results of numerical simulations are presented which indicate that substantial drag reduction can be obtained using an open-loop algorithm. This finding is compared with available experimental data. In the second part of the paper we derive a rigorous feedback method for optimal flow control.


Multiscale classification has potential advantages for monitoring industrial processes generally driven by events in different time and frequency domains. In this study, we adopt stationary wavelet transform for multiscale analysis and propose an applicable scale selection method to obtain the most discriminative scale features. Then using the multiscale features, we construct two classifiers: (1) a supported vector machine (SVM) classifier based on classification distance, and (2) a Bayes classifier based on probability estimation. For the SVM classifier, we use 4-fold cross-validation and grid-search to obtain the optimal parameters. For the Bayes classifier, we introduce dimension reduction techniques including kernel Fisher discriminant analysis (KFDA) and principal component analysis (PCA) to investigate their influence on classification accuracy. We tested the classifiers with two simulated benchmark processes: the continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) process and the Tennessee Eastman (TE) process. We also tested them on a real polypropylene production process. The performance comparison among the classifiers in different scales and scale combinations showed that when datasets present typical scale features, the multiscale classifier had higher classification accuracy than conventional single scale classifiers. We also found that dimension reduction can generally contribute to a better classification in our tests.


This study explains the role of brand image mediating the influence of E-WOM on buying interest. This research was conducted in the city of Denpasar involving 130 respondents. The study used questionnaires, observation and interviews. Path analysis and sobel test were used. The results of this study are E-WOM variables that influence positively and significantly on brand image, E-WOM has a positive and significant influence on buying interest, brand image has positive and significant influence on buying interest, and brand image is able to mediate E-WOM with buying interest. Bata management should increase the perception of prospective buyers with users who have used Bata brand shoes on social media, by reviewing the superiority of Bata products.
Keywords: brand image, E-WOM, buying interest


The operational efficiency of electric power industry must be evaluated under the reform oriented to market. Considering the characteristics of electricity market, the limitations of traditional efficiency evaluation approaches were pointed out. A new concept of coordinated territory that constituted by some key indices which reflect the conditions of the market was put forward. The way of how to develop a coordinated territory by using the principle of synergetics was explored. A novel evaluating approach for the market operational efficiency was established taking into account effective competition, and order parameter was gained by means of Haken model.


Characterization and in vitro inhibition studies of protease inhibitor from the mushroom Pleurotus floridanus (PfTI) towards the pest Papilio demoleus is studied. The addition of 1 mM Mn2+, Na2+, Ba2+ and Ni 2+ enhanced the PfTI activity. The ICP-atomic emission spectrum showed the presence of Ca2+, Mg2+ and Zn2+ in the PfTI. Surfactants SDS and CTAB at a concentration of 1% reduced the PfTI activity whereas, the nonionic detergents Triton X and Tween 80 increased the activity. The inhibitory activity gradually decreased with increase in concentration of DMSO and H2O2. The activity was increased by dithiothreitol up to a concentration of 80 μM and inactivated at 140 μM. The activity of PMSF modified PfTI was drastically reduced to 0.234 U/mL at 4 mM concentration and similar results were obtained for modification of cysteine by N-Ethylmaleimide at slightly higher concentrations. The complex of trypsin and PfTI showed complete loss in fluorescence intensity at 343 nm compared with control. In vitro inhibition studies of PfTI with midgut proteases isolated from citrus pest P. demoleus with protease activity of 1.236 U was decreased to 0.613 U by 50 μL (0.1 mg/mL) of the inhibitor. Inhibitor was stable up to 0.04 M concentration of HCl.


A method of blind signal demodulation from one or more transmitters, the signals consisting of a mixture of symbols comprising at least one of the transmitters separation step using the temporal independence trains own symbols to a transmitter and independence issuers them.


High densities of mussels of the genus Bathymodiolus are present at hydrothermal vents of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. It was already proposed that the chemistry at vent sites would a ff ect their sulphide-and methane-oxidizing endosymbionts' abundance. In this study, we confirmed the latter assumption using fluorescence in situ hybridization 5 on Bathymodiolus azoricus specimens maintained in a controlled laboratory environment at atmospheric pressure with one, both or none of the chemical substrates. A high level of symbiosis plasticity was observed, methane-oxidizers occupying between 4 and 39% of total bacterial area and both symbionts developing accordingly to the presence or absence of their substrates. Using H 13 CO − 3 in the presence of sulphide, 10 13 CH 4 or 13 CH 3 OH, we monitored carbon assimilation by the endosymbionts and its translocation to symbiont-free mussel tissues. Although no significant carbon assimilation could be evidenced with methanol, carbon was incorporated from methane and sulphide-oxidized inorganic carbon at rates 3 to 10 times slower in the host muscle tissue than in the symbiont-containing gill tissue. Both symbionts thus contribute ac-15 tively to B. azoricus nutrition and adapt to the availability of their substrates. Further experiments with varying substrate concentrations using the same set-up should provide useful tools to study and even model the e ff ects of changes in hydrothermal fluids on B. azoricus ' chemosynthetic nutrition.


The potential antioxidant and anticancer activities of Hexane, EtOAc (Ethyl acetate), BuOH (n-Buthanol) and water fractions from methanolic (MeOH) extract of Picrasma quassioides (D. Don) Benn. were evaluated in vitro. Tested fractions showed strong antioxidant activity, especially EtOAc fraction had the highest activity (), containing high total phenolics and total flavonoids contents, showed and respectively. Anticancer activity of these fractions was tested by MTT assay on HT-29 (the human colon carcinoma cells) cell line. BuOH fraction not only showed very high anticancer activity, but also had no cytotoxic effect on 293 (the human normal kidney cells) cell line. Considering these results, we used BuOH fraction of MeOH crude extract from P. quassioides (D.Don) Benn. to do assessment of apoptosis by flow cytometry and the mRNA expression levels of widely established apoptotic-related genes on HT-29 cell line. All the experiments showed that BuOH fraction can induce apoptosis on HT-29 cell line strongly. Taken together, methanolic extract of P. quassioides has potential for antioxidant and anticancer activities products.


A simple procedure for synthesizing and purifying the [14C]ethyl ester of IAA (Et-IAA) is described. This auxin has been found to stimulate parthenocarpic fruit set in day-neutral strawberries (Fragaria × ananassa Duch. 'Fern'), which are non-responsive to various other auxins. Et-IAA may prove useful in eliciting physiological responses in systems shown previously to be auxin-nonresponsive. Chemical name used: 1H-indole-3-acetic acid (IAA).


ABSTRACT The impact of process factors on wire-cut electrical discharge machining (WEDM) performance is complex and nonlinear. In the present work, initially, the WEDM tests were conducted on titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) with eight input factors and four machinability performance parameters. Later, an artificial neural network (ANN) model was established to estimate the WEDM performance. The ANN model with 8-5-5-4 architecture produced a least mean squared error (MSE) and average prediction error (AE) for both training and test data sets. The precision of the ANN model was assessed by relating model predictions with the experimental values. The combined effect of WEDM variables on the machinability performance was illustrated with the help of visual graphs. The R-value (correlation coefficient) of 0.9995 among WEDM test values and ANN estimated values shows the robustness of the developed ANN model in establishing the link between WEDM process factors and machinability parameters. The proposed model helps in minimizing the time for fixing the process parameter values, thereby increasing production and process efficiency.


The present invention provides an additional automatic block making machine type operating system, and a circuit board includes an operation portion; lattice plate is made of the operation panel and a control circuit block, a dot printed circuit board on which the matrix circuit by the operation vertical movement control block structure of the present invention is simple, both production and the subsequent cost of software development are relatively low; remote monitoring of the well, without the need to stay within the front operator control panel; no control system substantial transformation, effectively avoids any risk may be due to the transformation brought about; low-cost software development, enterprise receptive; the control system itself is not special requirements to ensure that companies are not likely to result in the choice of whether block making machine remote monitoring is limited.


Adopted the modern genetic theory, a genetic algorithm to acquire the Nash Equilibrium of n persons' non cooperative game is designed in this paper. With the examples of two matrix game, the implementation of the genetic algorithm is discussed and proved to be effective.


Abstract : This paper addresses issues of co-evolution of form and function for autonomous vehicles specifically evolving morphology and control for an autonomous micro air vehicle (MAV). The evolution of an optimal minimum sensor suite and reactive strategies for navigation and collision avoidance for the simulated MAV is described. The details of the implementation of the simulated aircraft, the environment, and the two cooperating genetic algorithm-based systems, SAMUEL and Genesis, used for evolution, are presented, as are preliminary results.


Presents findings from a 1980 survey undertaken with the cooperation of the National Abortion Rights Action League (NARAL) and the National Right to Life Committee (NRLC), conducted among 750 members of each organization (response rates were 63% among NARAL and 57% among NLRC members). NRLC members were found to be more likely to have come from large families, and to prefer and have large families. About 70% of NRLC members are Roman Catholic, compared to 4% of NARAL members and about 28% of the general population. 17% of NARAL members are Jewish, compared to almost no NRLC members and 2% for the general population. Protestants and blacks are relatively underrepresented in both organizations. 9 in 10 NRLC members report that religion is very important to them and that they attend services at least once a week, compared to 1 in 5 NARAL members. NRLC members are more likely to have experienced difficulties becoming pregnant, to have had a miscarriage and to have had an unplanned pregnancy. NARAL members are much more likely to have used birth control pills or to be surgically sterilized. Of those who had had an abortion, among the women surveyed, 94% had joined NARAL and only 6% had joined NRLC. High levels of fertility and fertility aspirations among NRLC members appear to reflect a generally conservative approach to personal morality. NRLC members are much more likely to oppose sex education in schools, and birth control information for teenagers, and to favor stricter public policy on divorce. They are also relatively more likely to be opposed to premarital, extramarital, and homosexual relations, and contraceptive sterilization among married couples. The majority of NLRC members oppose the Equal Rights Ammendment; majority of NARAL supports it. The majority of members of both organizations support political, social and economic equality of women in other respects. Attitudes toward abortion were about as expected, although 7 in 10 NRLC members favored legal abortion if the woman's life would be endangered otherwise, and 4 in 10 NARAL members oppose abortion to prevent the birth of a child not of the desired sex. NRLC members are much more likely to be Republicans and describe themselves as conservative. But while more than 8 in 10 NRLC members would oppose a candidate they otherwise support if they disagreed with their abortion stand, fewer than 1/2 the NARAL members say they are 1 issue voters.


Estrogenic pollutants are a heterogeneous group of substances, contaminating the water environment. This group includes endogenous estrogens, naturally producing by organisms,
exogenous estrogens that are contaminating the environment as a consequence of metabolical degradation and subsequent excretion and also other substances with estrogenic activity that have broad spectrum of industrial utilization. This work summarizes physiological molecular- -biological nature of action estrogenic substances, and the pathological effect on the organism, leading to plenty health complications, such as endocrine disruption or tumorigenesis. There are also discussed possible ways of degradation of these substances from waste water that are contaminated by substances with estrogenic potential


The invention discloses a combined type rain water storing device and an assembling method thereof. The device comprises a basic base component, a cone supporting part and a coaming plate. The bottom of the basic base component is provided with a mounting groove. The cone supporting part comprises a convex cone supporting column and a concave cone supporting column. The top end of the convex cone supporting column is provided with a protrusion. The top end of the concave cone supporting column is provided with a groove. The protrusion is matched with the groove for use. The concave cone supporting column and the convex cone supporting column are arranged on the mounting groove of the basic base component respectively, and the top ends of the concave cone supporting column and the convex cone supporting column are connected together through the protrusion and the groove which are matched. A combined type cone supporting column structure is arranged, assembling speed is high, construction mounting is convenient, the whole device is stable, bearing capacity is high, a soil coating layer can reach at least 4 m, corrosion resistance is achieved, service life is long, storing space is large, the void ratio can reach 96%, the combined structure can be detached, and accordingly production and conveying are convenient.


Transfer learning aims for high accuracy by applying knowledge of source domains for which data collection is easy in order to target domains where data collection is difficult, and has attracted attention in recent years because of its significant potential to enable the application of machine learning to a wide range of real-world problems. However, since the technique is user-dependent, with data prepared as a source domain which in turn becomes a knowledge source for transfer learning, it often involves the adoption of inappropriate data. In such cases, the accuracy may be reduced due to "negative transfer." Thus, in this paper, we propose a novel transfer learning method that utilizes the flipping output technique to provide multiple labels in the source domain. The accuracy of the proposed method is statistically demonstrated to be significantly better than that of the conventional transfer learning method, and its effect size is as high as 0.9, showing high performance.


Cytokines are small signaling proteins which play a key role in the human immune response. Synthesis Peptoids are synthesized using the submonomer-method. 3 In order to bind the chemokine N-terminus the peptoid side chains must complement the charges of the ELR-motif giving rise to the following Fluorescence-based binding assays cytokines (chemokines) induce the directed migration of leukocytes. For several CXC-class chemokines, like Interleukin-8, the N-terminal "ELR"-motif is essential for receptor activation. 1,2 In the course of this work pentameric peptoids are synthesized which bind to the ELR-motif due to ionic interactions thereby preventing lead-structure for the peptoids: non-polar – basic – non-polar – acidic – non-polar The resin-bound peptoids are incubated with a fluorescent model- peptide which represents the N-terminus of Interleukin-8. The fluorescence of individual beads is the binding of the chemokine to its receptor. The binding of the peptoids to the protein is tested by incubating the resin-bound peptoid with the fluorescently labelled N-terminal sequence of a chemokine. The fluorescence of each bead can be quantified using a microarray scanner The hits are analyzed by mass spectrometry HMBA-AM resin is used so that the side-chains can be deprotected without cleaving the peptoids from the resin The fluorescence of individual beads is determined using a microarray scanner. The beads


SUMMARY Neutrophil granulocytes have been described as agents of defence and destruction. The effect of two flavonoid compounds (trihydroxyethylrutin and disodium flavodate) on the phagocytic ability and generation of reactive oxygen radicals of neutrophils was studied at concentrations of 5 mg/l, 50 mg/l and 100 mg/l. Flow cytometry was used to study phagocytic ability by measuring uptake of fluorescein-labelled bacteria. The generation of reactive oxygen intermediates was estimated by means of a CD16 phycoerythrin-conjugated mouse anti-human monoclonal antibody. In vitro trihydroxyethylrutin (THET) and disodium flavodate (DF) treatment reduced reactive oxygen production (DF at 5 mg/l–40%, at 50 mg/l–71% and at 100 mg/l–82%; THET at 5 mg/l–53%, at 50 mg/l–88%, at 100 mg/l–93%; all p < 0.001). This was rapidly reversible after plasma exchange. Both flavonoids did not affect neutrophil phagocytic ability. We conclude that THET and DF could decrease oxidative tissue damage by neutrophils. A beneficial effect in peripheral vein disease could be anticipated from these results.


Abstract Let X and Y be separable Banach spaces and E be a subset of X. By a random operator from X into Y we mean a rule Φ that assigns to each element x ∈ X a unique Y - valued random variable Φx. Taking into account many circumstances in which the inputs are also subject to the influence of a random environment there arises the need to define the action of Φ on some random inputs. In this paper, some procedures for extending random mappings will be proposed. Some conditions under which a random mapping can be extended to apply to all X-valued random variables will be presented.


By taking marked triangle thin weirs as control condition for calculating flow rate,the experiments on measuring flow rate were conducted on rectangle thin weirs,WES practical weirs,circle cape wide top weirs and right angle wide top weirs,the corresponding calculation formula were used to calculate and compare their flow rate among the weirs respectively.The results show that the calculated data are different for different sorts of weirs by the formula,that the flow rate calculated by different experiential formula for the same weir is different,and that recommended calculating formula are initially arrived at for the flow rate of different sorts of weirs by comparing and analyzing the deviated degree of calculated flow rate through different experiential formula with standard flow rate.


In this note we show that the Linet–Tian family of solutions of the vacuum Einstein equations with a cosmological constant are a restricted set of the solutions of the Einstein field equations for a rotating perfect fluid previously found by Krasiński.


Objective To evaluate the controlling effect of the hazards of a chemical products plant expansion project,determinate the harmful factors and its harmful degree in the operational place,and assess the provetion measures of these harmful factors and the management of occupational health in order to provide the basis of the further enhancing the effect of Health Protection and Control Facilities and improving the management of occupational health.Method Through the collection of relevant information,on-site investigations of occupational health and occupational health testing,using a checklist,inspection law and quantitative classification to have a comprehensive evaluation.Result The main occupational hazard factors existing in this project were the chemical poison,noise,dust,heat and the ultraviolet etc,and the controlling effect of occupational risk factors in the project conforms to the requirements of the occupational health.Conclusion Targeted prevention measures reduced the risk of occupational disease effectively.In addition,pay more attention to strengthen the management of occupational disease,establish the horizontal links,and seek the social support in order to improve the health level furtherly.


This paper describes an original system, Open Robot Controller Computer-Aided Design (ORCCAD), for the computer- aided design of robot Controllers. Accessed by three different user levels (system, control, and application), it proposes a co- herent approach from a high level specification down to its implementation, and offers several tools for design, display and test. Following a critical study of the main architectures reported through the literature, the paper presents the basic principles and underlying concepts of ORCCAD. The main entity considered is the robot Wk, an elementary control action associated with a local behavior controlled by a set of observers and modeled by a finite state automaton. It is made of a set of real-time communicating tasks, called module tasks, the full definition of which requires the specification of temporal and synchronization features. The module task which handles the behavior of the robot task is described using the synchronous language ESTEREL. The application level is defined as a set of synchronized robot tasks, also described using ESTEREL. Two detailed examples are discussed. The first one consists in the specification and the test of a few versions of a joint control for a rigid robe the other one is a mission specification for an autonomous underwater vehicle. Dialogue and verification tools are integrated within ORCCAD: a graphical human-machine interface used to build the robot tasks and a simulation software dedicated to hybrid continuouddiscrete time simulations.


The invention relates to a secure method for treating value of securities (10), comprising the steps of generating and printing at least one identification code in a security value (10), generating at least a data file associated with this value as (10), recording of said data file in a centralized database, consulting said data file during processing of said titer value (10), modify said file data as a function of events or transactions that affect said as a value (10), said method being remarkable in that the viewing and changing of said data file to operate via communication means connected by a connecting secured to a central server wherein is stored said centralized database, accessing said data file being conditional on the prior transmission of the identification code aud it central server.


Throughout the paper we shall let 0 < q < 1 be a deformation parameter and n be a positive integer. We denote by A(S4n−1 q ) the complex unital ∗-algebra generated by elements {xi,yi} n i=1 and their adjoints, subject to the relations in Definition 1 below. This sphere is a comodule algebra for the quantum symplectic group A(Spq(n)), with coaction A(S4n−1 q ) → A(Spq(n))⊗A(S q ). In fact this is a quantum homogeneous space and the algebra A(S4n−1 q ) sits as a subalgebra of the algebra A(Spq(n)). Representations of A(S4n−1 q ) can be obtained as restrictions of representations of A(Spq(n)), see e.g. [3]. Let A(Σ2n+1 q ) be the quotient of A(S4n−1 q ) by the two-sided ∗-ideal generated by the elements {xi} i=1 . As customary, we interpret a quotient algebra as consisting of "functions" on a quantum subspace and think of Σ2n+1 q as a quantum subsphere of S4n−1 q . If we further quotient by the ideal generated by the coordinate xn, we get a (2n− 1)-dimensional VaksmanSoibelman quantum sphere [4], whose representation theory is well known (see e.g. [1]). In this short letter we give an independent derivation of the bounded irreducible ∗-representations of the algebra A(Σ2n+1 q ) that do not annihilate the generator xn. Definition 1. We denote by A(S4n−1 q ) the complex unital ∗-algebra generated by elements {xi,yi}i=1 and their adjoints, subject to the following relations. Firstly, one has:


The formation of tissues and organs in multicellular organisms are tightly controlled by transcriptional programs determined by temporal and spatial patterns of gene expression. As an important regulator of rice crown root development, WOX11 is essential for crown root formation and its transcript level is positively correlated with crown roots biomass. However, how WOX11 is regulated during crown root primordium emergence and outgrowth still remains unknown. In this study, variations of WOX11 genomic sequence were analyzed, and the highest genetic diversity was found within its promoter, which contained a non-canonical miniature inverted-repeat transposable element (ncMITE) sequence. Analysis of WOX11 promoter driven reporter gene GUS (β-glucuronidase) transgenic plants pWOX11(ncMITE+):GUS and pWOX11(ncMITE-):GUS uncovered higher GUS expression level in crown roots of pWOX11(ncMITE+):GUS plants. Furthermore, pWOX11(ncMITE+):WOX11-FLAG in wox11 background could complement crown root number and length compared to those of wild type (WT), while pWOX11(ncMITE-):WOX11-FLAG could not. These results suggested that the ncMITE was positively associated WOX11 transcripts in rice crown roots. In addition, DNA methylation nearby ncMITE region attenuated the activation effect of the ncMITE on WOX11 expression, which might be also the cause conferred to the root-specific expression of WOX11. This work provides novel insight into WOX11 expression regulation and reveals a promising target for genetic improvement of root architecture in rice.


This academic year brought advances in education, research, campus development, outreach, and international expansion. The Institute examined the assessment of undergraduate education delivered by the Task Force on the Undergraduate Educational Commons and advanced its efforts for minority faculty recruitment. The findings of the Energy Resource Council led to the establishment of the new MIT Energy Initiative, designed to amplify MIT's current strengths in energy research for the world. The Institute also expanded its international endeavors, reaching out to local and distant communities while also enhancing and expanding the resources of its iconic Cambridge campus.


The Navier-Stokes equations are some of the most important equations for engineering applications today. Many different methods, all with strengths and weaknesses, have been developed through the years. This project uses a finite difference approach for spatial and temporal discretization, and a projection method for the pressure. The viscosity is handled implicitly to remove the restriction on the time step.


The Italian Society for Rheumatology (SIR) comprises committees for Rheumatologists under the age of 40 (SIRyoung) and for Women in Rheumatology (Reumatologhe Donne – ReDO). As female representation is increasing in rheumatology worldwide [1], there has been interest in assessing gender-related issues.To describe the gender distribution among young members of SIR and academic positions in Rheumatology in Italy. To assess the expectations and needs of young rheumatologists with regard to their career.SIRyoung members developed a web-based survey which was distributed among SIR members under the age of 40 during the spring of 2019. Responses were collected and analysed anonymously. ReDO retrieved and analysed the data regarding academic positions in Italy in September 2019 from official data by "Ministry of Education, University and Research" (www.miur.it).Out of 478 SIR members under 40 (66.5% F), 113 (23.7%) completed the SIRyoung survey (62.1% F). Regarding career plans, male and female members responded: hospital physician (36.9% vs 37.8%), outpatient clinic physician (18.5% vs 28.3%), academic career (23.9% vs 22.8%), private practice (16.3% vs 9.4%), and industry (4.3 vs 1.6%), respectively. When asked about their interest in doing a fellowship in another national center or abroad, 60.8% of male and 72.8% of female respondents were interested but thought they could not afford it. Reasons reported by males and females were: working reasons, namely barriers to temporarily leave the workplace (61.3% vs 50.7%), family reasons (16.1% vs 25.4%), financial reasons (22.6% vs 16.5%), respectively. As for academic rheumatology in Italy, 113 positions were retrieved. Men held 64 positions (57%) and women 49 (43%). Full professors were mostly men (92%), while assistant professors were women in 65% of the cases (58% of those with a permanent position; 72% of those with a temporary position) (Figure) [2].Our study explored for the first time gender distribution and related issues in Rheumatology in Italy. Female representation accounts for two thirds of SIR members under 40. This could reflect the general trend of medical school being chosen more often by women than men. No differences were observed in the career expectations of male and female rheumatologists. Interestingly, nearly one fourth of female respondents were interested in academic career, confirming the trend toward female predominance observed for assistant professors. Therefore, it is likely that the next generation of full professors will have a balanced gender distribution, as it is already for associate professors. The choice of a fellowship is still hampered by several problems, but it seems that reasons for not pursuing such opportunities are similarly distributed in males and females. Although family reasons tend to be more frequent in female rheumatologists, this is not significant as compared to men. This could indicate that family affects career choices of both male and female rheumatologists. It is important that national societies promote surveys for the assessment of gender specific issues among their members, in order to identify unmet needs and design interventions for career support regardless of gender.[1]Andreoli L, et al. Joint, Bone, Spine: Revue du Rhumatisme. 2019;86(6):669-672.[2]Bosello SL, et al. Reumatismo 2020; in press.SIRyoung and ReDO wish to thank the Steering Committee of SIRLaura Andreoli: None declared, Stefano Alivernini: None declared, Alessia Alunno: None declared, Silvia Laura Bosello: None declared, Cecilia Chighizola: None declared, Paola Conigliaro: None declared, Elisa Gremese Speakers bureau: Abbvie, BMS, Celgene, Jannsen, Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Sandoz, UCB, Cristina Iannuccelli: None declared, Luca Quartuccio Consultant of: Abbvie, Bristol, Speakers bureau: Abbvie, Pfizer, Francesca Romana Spinelli Grant/research support from: Pfizer, Consultant of: Novartis, Gilead, Lilly, Sanofi, Celgene, Speakers bureau: Lilly, Marta Vadacca: None declared, Maria Sole Chimenti: None declared


Building Information Modelling (BIM) is an integrated process built on coordinated, reliable information about a project from design through construction and into operations. It will help improve coordination, enhance accuracy, reduce waste and enable betterinformed decisions earlier in the process. A BIM project would typically model all data relating to design, costings, build ability and clash detection, scheduling and procurement, sustainability impact, life cycle and facilities management factors as well as in use predictions.


ABSTRACT The aim of this research is to verify the two-dimensional challenge–hindrance stressor framework in the Chinese context, and investigate the moderating effect of general self-efficacy in the stress process. Data were collected from 164 Chinese employee–supervisor dyads. The results demonstrated that challenge stressors were positively related to job performance while hindrance stressors were negatively related to job performance. Furthermore, general self-efficacy strengthened the positive relationship between challenge stressors and job performance, whereas the attenuating effect of general self-efficacy on the negative relationship between hindrance stressors and job performance was nonsignificant. These findings qualify the two-dimensional challenge–hindrance stressor framework, and support the notion that employees with high self-efficacy benefit more from the positive effect of challenge stressors in the workplace. By investigating the role of an individual difference variable in the challenge–hindrance stressor framework, this research provides a more accurate picture of the nature of job stress, and enhances our understanding of the job stressor–job performance relationship.


Arms control has become an increasingly important aspect of U.S. security and foreign policy; at the same time, verification has emerged as the major consideration in judging arms-control agreements. Although the concept of military significance has been used as the criterion for determining effective verification of arms-control agreements over several presidential administrations, the demand for stringent and comprehensive verification regimes has increased in the past seven years to the point where implementing the regimes for the intermediate-range nuclear forces (INF) and Strategic Arms Reduction Talks (START) agreements will be costly, albeit beneficial because the agreements will contribute to bilateral relations and international security. The verification regime being put into place for the INF Treaty is the most rigorous and comprehensive ever negotiated. Verification of the START agreement will be far more extensive and expensive due to its broader scope and the fact that it reduces rather than eliminates classes of weapons. This article analyzes the verification criteria, costs, and benefits associated with current bilateral arms-control endeavors.