The Ultimate Oldschool PC Font Pack - <AUTHOR> http://int10h.org/oldschool-pc-fonts/fontlist/ <comment><USER2> I made an AwesomeWM theme last month using these. I gave up on it, too hard on the eyes ;)

[http://i.imgur.com/LDSOade.png](http://i.imgur.com/LDSOade.png)

(code at [https://github.com/Elv13/](https://github.com/Elv13/) , but that particular theme isn't pushed yet as it require upstream patches still in the CI)

<comment><USER3> Try setting the text color to #7fff7f. It makes things a nice phosphor-glow green; this is how I have my xterms set up.

For amber, the X11 color "goldenrod" (#daa520) is near perfect.

<comment><USER4> I agree goldenrod is just about right. My first monitor was amber-on-black HGA, and setting that color with 9x14 makes me feel nostalgic.

</comment></comment></comment><comment> david-given See also these articles, for _real_ old-school fonts:

[https://damieng.com/blog/2011/02/20/typography-in-8-bits- sys...](https://damieng.com/blog/2011/02/20/typography-in-8-bits-system-fonts)

[https://damieng.com/blog/2014/07/20/typography-in-bits- other...](https://damieng.com/blog/2014/07/20/typography-in-bits-other- english-micros)

Me, I grew up on Acorn machines, so those are _my_ classic nostalgia font. Although, on a modern LCD with square-edged pixels, they look like arse --- jaggy and overly bold. I wonder if there's a way to emulate fuzzy CRTs with Truetype...

<comment><USER5> I don't know about TrueType or hinting, but there are a couple of post- processing shaders that achieve the effect, as commonly used by emulators[1].

If these fonts are used in some kind of retro game, those shaders could be applied as well. Desktop compositor on X11 effects could do the same. Not sure if there is a way to apply shaders to an entire desktop elsewhere (maybe f.lux do something like that to change the colours?)

[1] [http://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php/CRT_Shaders](http://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php/CRT_Shaders)

<comment><USER6> There's [https://github.com/Swordfish90/cool-retro- term](https://github.com/Swordfish90/cool-retro-term)

<comment><USER7> And also: [http://www.secretgeometry.com/apps/cathode/](http://www.secretgeometry.com/apps/cathode/)

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER8> This is super cool. I've been wanting to make retro video games with modern tools and for modern platforms (like the web and Android) for fun (in the genre of Oregon Trail, Infocom text games, King's Quest, etc.). Some of these are just right for that, and they're CC-licensed, so presumably good for use in Open Source games.

I find the old typefaces from the early 8 bit and 16 bit days really charming. They were working with such severe limitations. I remember designing my own font on my Amiga and using it on my desktop...I kinda wish I still had those files. But, they weren't nearly as legible as the fonts from the vendors.

<comment><USER9> Be careful, the files are CC licensed but the actual fonts are still copyright whoever/whatever created them. They didn't redraw or create new fonts here, they ripped out the old fonts from the systems that used them and converted to TTF, etc.

<comment><USER8> I'll worry about that when I get a cease and desist (I don't expect to get a cease and desist...the market value of these fonts is approaching zero, and from the history I know of these old fonts, there was a lot of borrowing even back then).

<comment><USER10> Yes - while working on this pack I did look into the question of copyright on the original bitmap fonts; what I found seems to indicate that the _designs_ may not be copyrightable as such (e.g.: [http://forum.osdev.org/viewtopic.php?p=164817#p164817](http://forum.osdev.org/viewtopic.php?p=164817#p164817)), although I'd still rather err on the side of caution, hence the disclaimer at the end of the readme. If they _were_ copyrightable, I imagine that IBM would've sued graphics card manufacturers left and right - from Hercules (which ripped the IBM MDA font bit-for-bit) to the multitudes of VGA clone manufacturers who also used IBM's fonts.

BTW, just to correct one of the above comments: a few of my own versions did involve some redrawing/original design (specifically the extended 'PxPlus' unicode variants, and the BIOS-only fonts which originally included only the lower 128 ASCII characters). Although of course this has no bearing on any copyright (or lack thereof) on the originals.

At any rate, sure - I encourage you to use these fonts in your projects, and thanks for the comments!

<comment><USER11> I joked on the Libreoffice IRC developer channel that we would include them in the 5.2 release :-) nobody trouted me, which is a worry.

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER12> What I'd really like to see is a font that has lots of sub- and super-scripts and other mathy symbols, like: ⎛⎜⎝⎞⎟⎠⎡⎢⎣⎤⎥⎦⎧⎩⎪⎫⎬⎭⎮ so that I can keep my class notes in text files.

So far the only font I found that supports a lot of that sort of thing is DejaVu Sans mono but even that is rather sparse- there's very few Greek letter super/subscripts say, and there's a limited selection of Latin superscripts. Block elements and box drawings wouldn't hurt either.

<comment><USER12> Hi folks, thanks for the suggestions.

I know about pragmata pro and unifont. I've tried Unifont, I think it hurt my eyes a bit but it sure has lots of glyphs. Pragmata is very pretty and has great coverage but it's not free and I don't see that it has more glyphs than free fonts, for instance with DejaVu mono I have a subscript for j which I don't see in Pragmata. Or, the APL glyphs for instance; unifont has them too and it's free.

I'll give ReactOS a try, thanks. I had given up hope to be honest, I guess Unicode is just too big to implement fully.

Edit: Ok, Pragmata costs €19 for just the regular weight- I thought it was costed by unicode range. I could definitely give that a try, so thanks for the hint mietek.

2nd Edit: Ouch, no- the mono font is €59. That's too high again :)

<comment><USER13> Do you know TeX/LaTeX? If not, sounds like you should learn it.

It's all my mathy friends use for taking notes.

<comment><USER12> I know, but haven't used, La/Tex. I'll need to use it at some point, but for note-taking I prefer plain text files, as I use- except for paper notebooks.

<comment><USER2> Most implementations of markdown allow inline La/Tex and HTML, this is the best of both world. You have plain text notes and the power to inline some math.

I would also suggest iPython notebook (if you can live with web apps, I don't) as it allow you to see what you write in real time and add some code too (and being able to use mathplotlib). That being said, I used computer to take note in high school (The KDE3 version of basket notepad, the evernote of 2006, now defunct), but switched back to pen and paper for college, formatting was much easier ;)

<comment><USER12> I'm thinking of giving markdown a try, for the reasons you say, but I'm not sure how the maths notation looks like when it's not rendered. I think it's all escaped characters, in which case it won't be as readable as plain text, even with rare glyphs that need special fonts.

Some text editors even let you enter rare characters with key combinations (frex, Vim's digraphs). The end result is pretty much WYSIWIG mathematical notation.

Here's an example from my machine learning class notes:

            ⎛ ₙ       ⎞

ƒ̂(x) = θ⎜ ∑ wᵢxᵢ ⎟

            ⎝ ⁱ⁼⁰     ⎠

So, that looks a mess on HN, but if you copy/paste it in a decent text editor, with a font that has all the necessary characters, you'll get a nice formula that you can keep around for as long as there's text editors supporting ASCII- and you don't have to rely on any special tools to render it properly.

That's what I'm going on about- but there's not enough super/subscripts in ASCII itself. :)

<comment><USER13> I'm not sure you're using the term "ASCII" correctly. There are virtually no characters in ASCII that aren't printed on a key on a typical US keyboard.

Especially when you say "with a font that has all the necessary characters". ASCII is ASCII. All fonts (except Wingdings) have 100% of the ASCII characters.

Maybe you're pasting in Unicode; maybe you're using the Windows-only ALT- numeric keypad garbage.

But I suspect your "nice formula" that renders in a text editor maybe isn't as clean or standard as you think.

<comment><USER12> Sorry, I meant "unicode", not ASCII, my bad. :)

I can't edit it unfortunately so it has to stay there, in perpetuity reminding me of my failings in life.

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><AUTHOR> Note that he allows you to enter your own text to try out without actually downloading the fonts: [http://int10h.org/oldschool-pc- fonts/preview/](http://int10h.org/oldschool-pc-fonts/preview/)

</comment><comment><USER14> This is one great presentation. An accomplished fusion of form and contents. And, among all web pages with black background, this is the rare one that _doesn't_ peel your retina off while you're looking at it. My respects to the author.

</comment><comment><USER15> This page desperately needs -webkit-font-smoothing: none;

</comment><comment><USER16> I used the VGA8 font for xterms and such for years and years until I switched to Terminus. If someone designed a scalable font based on VGA8, that would be totally awesome.

<comment><USER10> The font "IBM Nouveau" may be close to what you're looking for: [http://www.dafont.com/nouveau-ibm.font](http://www.dafont.com/nouveau- ibm.font) \- it's scalable and VGA-based, although still kind of angular. (I'm actually planning my own version to complement the oldschool PC font pack, but for now this might do.)

</comment></comment><comment><USER17> Oh, the nostalgia.

Does anyone know if there's something similar for Amiga (for ascii art)

<comment><USER8> [https://github.com/rewtnull/amigafonts](https://github.com/rewtnull/amigafonts)

</comment></comment><comment><USER18> I always wonder why IBM chose these horrible serif designs over their previous, much nicer, cleaner, fonts you can find on their 32xx terminals...

<comment><USER3> The double-width vertical strokes improve visibility.

<comment><USER19> They also help on composite displays, still a significant consideration at the time the PC was created.

PAL didn't suffer too much from this, but NTSC did. Single pixel verticals light up in a rainbow of color. This is actually how the monochrome Apple 2 did it's color graphics!

White on blue is a secondary helper here. On sharp displays, the human eye sees the white text at full detail. Humans have only a fraction of blue receptors, compared to red and green. This means screen noise gets lost in a sea of blue.

On composite displays, that same sea of blue tends to was artifacts away. SGI IRIX offered it's Xterm with a great font, white on blue and it was very easy on the eyes.

I've used that combo for terminals ever since.

<comment><USER18> I think the only PC ever to ship with composite video output was the PC Jr. (edit: sadly, no, it wasn't)

I became fond of the white on blue scheme with the MSX machines, but kind of abandoned it when I moved to PCs.

<comment><USER3> Not only did the CGA have composite out, but by playing with the signal timings it was possible for a CGA to output more colors than the four nasty "CGA palette" colors it's known for (no matter which palette you use, shit's nasty) to a composite monitor.

The demoscene prod "8088MPH" demonstrates this to spectacular effect.

<comment><USER19> It was also very simple to just use the 640x480 graphics mode on a composite display. US NTSC color cycles 160 times in that display area, which yields 4 pixels per cycle.

That's a 16 color, any color any pixel display 160x200.

Some PC games offered this option. It should have been in the CGA spec. For memory reasons, 1 and 2 bits per pixel were common. However, the same amount of RAM offers the full color set at a reasonable, if modest, resolution. (For the period)

16 colors on a 160x200 display was considered "nice" at that time, and having it be official would have improved early PC gaming considerably.

<comment><USER3> The drawback to this mode is it looks like ass on anything but a composite display -- which not a lot of people actually hooked up their CGAs to.

There was also a hack to set the display to _text_ mode and reprogram the character height to fit 100 characters vertically on the screen, then use chopped-off block graphics characters to yield, in effect, a 160x100, 16-color, any color any _monitor_ (composite or RGB) pseudo-graphics mode that compared favorably to, say, the 128x48 mono pseudo-graphics mode of the TRS-80. More PC games made use of this mode; one of the more notable recent ones is Paku Paku, a (remarkably good) Pac-Man clone.

<comment><USER19> Yes, all tradeoffs. Of course, it was not too difficult to have multiple sets of art.

I like 160x100 presentations and thought they were a good use of the CGA personally. A lot of game can be done at that resolution.

Really, the thing for IBM to have done was 16 color graphics of some kind. 160x200 was the obvious choice in that it would have worked with their memory scan scheme.

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER20> My family's first computer was an Amstrad 1512. I think it must've been 1987 or thereabouts. I never got very dexterous with it (I have vague recollections of GEM) but some of the visual cues are very impressive.

</comment><comment><USER21> By the way, Windows has its own terminal font: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal_(typeface)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal_\(typeface\))

<comment><USER22> Another similar one is Fixedsys, the oldest font in Windows: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fixedsys](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fixedsys)

</comment></comment><comment><USER2> This project also have a good collection [https://github.com/Swordfish90/cool- retro-term](https://github.com/Swordfish90/cool-retro-term)

</comment><comment><USER11> The kerning is dreadful.

<comment><USER23> I can't decide if this is sarcasm or not, so forgive me if it was. These are monospace fonts because the character modes in which these fonts were used were strictly grid-based.

<comment><USER11> I was being flippant and did it for the yucks :-)

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER24> my first thought was that it would make an awesome style for the web conversion of helppc [[http://stanislavs.org/helppc/](http://stanislavs.org/helppc/)]

</comment><comment><USER25> What is the font of the original windows blue-screen?

<comment><USER26> It would drop to 80-column text mode, so it depends what font your VGA chipset used there. But the most common one was probably IBM VGA9.</comment></comment>


Emacs X Window Manager - <AUTHOR> https://github.com/ch11ng/exwm <comment><USER2> There are screenshots on the wiki: [https://github.com/ch11ng/exwm/wiki](https://github.com/ch11ng/exwm/wiki)

</comment><comment><USER3> In all honestly this is all I've ever wanted out of a window manager.

<comment><USER4> I've used Ratpoison in the past which seemed like a decent tiling WM. I don't have a ton of experience with it but the little I tried seemed to work as expected.

<comment><USER5> I've been using Ratpoison since like 2005 or something. Pause for a few years while I was using OS X, and then I'd just put everything in fullscreen or on different workspaces. The tiling stuff in Ratpoison works well enough, but it's not super sophisticated and personally I almost never use it except when I'm like transcribing something. I'm using Ratpoison on a high-DPI laptop right now, I just upped my DPI and use huge fonts and everything's in fullscreen. It's lovely!

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER6> Awesome hack. I really need to try this sometime. I spent almost all of my digital life in Emacs anyway, so this could work out very well for my workflow.

<comment><USER7> browser?

<comment><USER8> [http://emacswiki.org/emacs/CategoryWebBrowser](http://emacswiki.org/emacs/CategoryWebBrowser)

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER9> I would love to run this. I'm a bit worried that there is only a "certain degree of concurrency" promised in the XELB library it's built on. Seems like there would be many ways for this to get blocked. `list-packages` might stall my whole system, not just Emacs.

</comment><comment><USER10> This reminds me of SXEmacs : [http://www.sxemacs.org/](http://www.sxemacs.org/)

</comment><comment><USER11> Sweet baby Jesus, it has happened.

[http://www.catb.org/jargon/html/Z/Zawinskis- Law.html](http://www.catb.org/jargon/html/Z/Zawinskis-Law.html)

<comment><USER12> Emacs long ago (decades) expanded to read mail. There are probably multiple mail clients in GNU emacs now

<comment><USER13> I've gone from Gnus to Wanderlust finally settling on mu4e. The first two were probably more a gimmick where mu4e actually enables me to get things done.

<comment><USER14> One of those "gimmicks" has been working great for me the past 20+ years...

<comment><USER13> Yea, sorry, I should have said gimmick "for me" \- they're all excellent applications, it's just that mu4e happened to be the one that better suited my situation.

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER15> Take that xemacs, all stuck inside your managed window.

</comment><comment><USER16> Another Emacs-based window manager ([http://www.howardism.org/Technical/Emacs/new-window- manager....](http://www.howardism.org/Technical/Emacs/new-window- manager.html)) was featured on HN about 6 months ago:

[https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=8922359](https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=8922359)

</comment><comment><USER17> Needs a text editor. Has anyone ported Vi?

<comment><USER18> Yes. Evil mode.

NB I'm not condoning editor warring. Just pointing out that one can use arguably the best bit of vi/vim in emacs (the keybindings).

</comment></comment><comment><USER19> I thought emacs already had an X11 window manager built-in.

In all seriousness, this is pretty cool, and it uses libxcb. Nice.

</comment><comment><USER20> related: elisp x11 (in russian, but with screenshot): [https://www.linux.org.ru/gallery/screenshots/7805904](https://www.linux.org.ru/gallery/screenshots/7805904)

</comment><comment><USER21> Will have to try it on my mobile phone together with fso-el :) [https://github.com/paulfertser/fso- el/wiki](https://github.com/paulfertser/fso-el/wiki)

</comment><comment><USER22> Emacs is a great operating system, lacking only a decent editor :-P

<comment><USER23> Not anymore: [https://github.com/syl20bnr/spacemacs](https://github.com/syl20bnr/spacemacs)

Seriously though, this joke has unbeliveable staying power, despite being almost as old as emacs itself.

</comment></comment><comment><USER24> emacs is a great operating system, it lacks a good editor though

<comment><USER25>
        M-x recycle-joke

</comment></comment><comment><USER26> ...wow. I might just get off The bed and try it right now.

</comment><comment><USER27> Does M-< C-@ M-> C-W delete all your windows?

<comment><USER28> See a doctor, you may be having a seizure.

<comment><USER29>
      M-x doctor

<comment><USER27> RMS -vs- Doctor, on the evils of Natalism

[http://www.art.net/~hopkins/Don/text/rms-vs- doctor.html](http://www.art.net/~hopkins/Don/text/rms-vs-doctor.html)

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER30> Very impressive and very useful for certain Emacs workflows.

Also, something tells me the creator of this project and its users won't feel the need to spam HN and r/programming with regular updates on the progress of the project in an attempt to raise the profile of the language it was written in--unlike what we saw with a certain other tiling window manager a few years back.

<comment><USER30> In fact, there is already a Lisp (Common, not Emacs) tiling WM called StumpWM.

If you haven't heard of it yet, it's partly because the Lisp community isn't so embarrassingly insecure and desperate for anything they can pass off as a "killer app" (see Macsyma or Emacs itself) that they feel compelled to shove it down everyone's throat.

<comment><USER31> And that's exactly why Common Lisp is fading into obscurity while the "embarrassingly insecure" Clojure community is making the language take over.

<comment><USER32> The sad truth</comment></comment></comment></comment>


Launched New Social 2.0 | GoldenCircle - <AUTHOR> Hey All! I just launched a new product - a new social 2.0 which eliminates all the vanity metrics such as follower count or sending connection requests, just pure human to human interaction like we do in real life. It would mean the world if you could take a look and share some feedback. <comment><AUTHOR> [https://goldencircle.app/](https://goldencircle.app/)

</comment><comment><USER2> yes! its a good start linkedin feed is garbage & twitter is full of trollers.. looks like you only have senior leaders and founders on the platform, what is the response so far?

<comment><USER3> I have some issues with the account commenting above being made at the same time as the submission, only commenting once, and being very specific in their questioning.

I'm all for growth hacks, but this isn't a good look.</comment></comment>


Happy World Programmers' Day && Let's have some fun - <AUTHOR> https://ide.coding.net/256 <comment><USER2> It might have been interesting. But in order to find out, I have to either create yet another account on yet another website, or give it access to an absurdly overbroad range of authorizations on my Github account, including read/write access to all my repositories and public keys.

It might have been interesting. What a shame it isn't worth finding out.</comment>


White (Light) vs. Black (Dark) Backgrounds: Health Effects - <AUTHOR> http://stackoverflow.com/questions/498698/white-light-vs-black-dark-backgrounds-health-effects

<comment><USER2> I've tried all kinds of combinations for coding over the past 10 years. The only combination which didn't start to hurt my eyes over time was a light grey background with dark text.

<http://jlongster.com/media/images/screen.png>

I absolutely love this scheme. It may not look pretty at first, but it's very very easy on the eyes, and also very clear. Colors are easy to make out and there's no glare anywhere.

<comment><USER3> Interesting. I stick with default backgrounds (white, usually) but I tend to turn my screen brightness way way down when I'm working... which ends up looking indistinguishable from your screenshot.

<comment><USER4> I do exactly the same. I suppose using a darker background with black text has essentially the same effect as dimming the screen. One is limiting the light emitted from the backlight, the other is limiting the light transmitting through the liquid crystals. Both result in less light reaching your eye.

However, I suppose the dark background allows for immediate switching from low brightness to high brightness. If you're doing the 30/30 work cycle, you could easily switch from a dark coding screen to a proper brightness game or tv show.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER5> I like dark on light; it's literally easier for me to read (though there is a medical cause for my choice).

I have Keratoconus, so there are very few corrective lenses which can actually help me have good clear vision. Light screens with black text cause my pupils to contract, which results in better focus (it's related to the reason that pinhole cameras work without any lenses).

If I do light on dark (my favorite colorscheme was Zenburn), the text gets too fuzzy to read at anything smaller than 14 point. On the other hand, if I use dark on light (I prefer bclear now) I can read text comfortably at 8 point.

It's certainly painful on the eyes if the rest of the environment is dark, but if you have a reasonably well lit room, I've noticed very little eye strain.

While my experience obviously does not carry over well to the population at general, it could help explain why dark on light is easier to read - it's easier to make out the details.

</comment><comment><USER6> I wonder how much of the effect is because black on white is actually superior, and how much is because people have so much more practice at reading black on white. It would be interesting to see the studies repeated, using sub-groups that are used to black on white and white on black, respectively.

<comment><USER7> My thoughts exactly. It would be hard to find many people who almost exclusively read white on black, though. I think the groups people break down into are likely the average people from "book-land", where all is black on white, and techies who use dark background terminals, but are fluent in both. In which case, it would make the most sense to test people who have extensive exposure to both (techies) for comprehension, etc.

</comment></comment><comment><USER8> I find it easier to read prose when it's dark text on a light background, but I find it easier to read code when it's light text on a dark background. Maybe it has to do with proportional vs. monospace fonts?

<comment><USER9> I do, too. I suspect it's just habit.

</comment></comment><comment><USER10> Which ever background you pick, I find f.lux ( <http://www.stereopsis.com/flux/> ) to be invaluable when using computers for extended periods of time (especially in the winter when the sun sets early). The quick rundown is that based on your location is adjusts the brightness and color temperature of your screen to match the lighting around you as it transitions from daylight to inside lighting. It's a slow transition so you don't really notice it until you look at someone else's screen and notice that it's looks really blue. The biggest downside I've seen is that it can't control the brightness of all displays (my MBPs screen gets dimmed but the Dell 2405 stays at the same level). It still does adjust the color temperature on external screens (at least on mac laptops it seems) which is better than nothing.

</comment><comment><USER11> I've known people with vision problems who have to skip light-on-dark web pages because it's just not tenable for them to try to read. (This was before Readability, though keep in mind it's nobody's obligation to find a work- around for your eye-straining website.)

I suspect there's an objective benefit, there.

Everything seems to indicate that dark-on-light is better than light-on-dark, and both are better than light-on-light or dark-on-dark. (Or, in other words, contrast is vital, and dark text is preferable.)

</comment><comment><USER12> I've always liked the way flarp looks (<https://github.com/mikecrittenden/flarp-gedit>) . It's light on dark, but using colors that are easier on the eyes than plain white-on-black. There's a screenshot of it here: [http://mikethecoder.com/post/861539191/flarp-a-gedit- color-s...](http://mikethecoder.com/post/861539191/flarp-a-gedit-color-scheme)

</comment><comment><USER13> I've always preferred dark backgrounds/light text.</comment>


Sahnnon's Ultimate Machine on his 1100100 - <AUTHOR> http://www.wesleyq.me/shannon-1100100/ <comment><USER2> FYI: You misspelled "Shannon" in the title of your blog post (and in the HN title).</comment>


Proof found for unifying quantum principle - <AUTHOR> http://www.nature.com/news/proof-found-for-unifying-quantum-principle-1.9352 <comment><USER2> "Proof" as in mathematical proof. As in, it proves a particular mathematical model of the universe is consistent---but says nothing empirically about the actual universe. Am I missing something?</comment>


Show HN: ThrdPlace - kickstarter for your community. - <AUTHOR> http://www.thrdplace.com Increase awareness, raise funds, find volunteers, and gather supplies to create community projects. ThrdPlace is kickstarter for you community. <comment><USER2> I like this concept. I'd provide a few more examples than "farmers market" on the front page. Get a "How it Works" page going, too.

Creating an account (after signing in with twitter) felt sketchy. Password displayed in plaintext, typos "genrated", bad punctuation / capitalization in the headers, and an error on [http://thrdplace.com/signin_signup/index.php?route=users/com...](http://thrdplace.com/signin_signup/index.php?route=users/complete_registration) -

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /homepages/34/d394755760/htdocs/signin_signup/application/views/users/complete_registration.html:12) in /homepages/34/d394755760/htdocs/signin_signup/index.php on line 29</comment>


Blazor Redux – Using Redux with C#/F# Clientside via WASM - <AUTHOR> https://github.com/torhovland/blazor-redux <comment><AUTHOR> I'm wondering if we are going to see a big drop off on the use of javascript over the next few years as various langauges do similar things to this by targetting webassembly. It seems like a massive advantage if your target minimum version browsers are all WASM compatible..

For Blazor the biggest concern would be the runtime size ( quoted as < 1meg )</comment>


35 Questions That Will Change Your Life - <AUTHOR> http://www.forbes.com/sites/jasonnazar/2013/09/05/35-questions-that-will-change-your-life/

<comment><USER2> I like the questions format. It's very useful exercise to stop and think what the heck are you doing. It's terrifying how much I was drifting in my life without even considering why.

</comment><comment><USER3> Listicle with vague advice? Sign me up!</comment>


Management and storage of energy converted via a pyroelectric heat engine - <AUTHOR> https://authors.elsevier.com/a/1XjIP15eiesMw8 <comment><AUTHOR> What a delightful advance in thermal energy harvesting, backed up with a nice experimental set up and results. I like especially that the technique uses thin film technology, and that the link to the article is all access, even if for a limited time.

Additional link to the University of Maryland press release: [https://eng.umd.edu/news/story/new-pyroelectric-system- trans...](https://eng.umd.edu/news/story/new-pyroelectric-system-transmits- power-wirelessly-harvesting-and-storing-energy-from-heat-source)</comment>


China says Tiananmen crackdown was 'correct' - <AUTHOR> https://www.dw.com/en/china-says-tiananmen-crackdown-was-correct/a-49004281 <comment><USER2> Discussed here: [https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=20077763](https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=20077763)

</comment><comment><USER3> We can't ever know the counterfactual. If these had degenerated into a revolution, there would have been many more casualties.

What we know for sure is that, 30 years later, the country is enjoying tremendous growth, has lifted a lot of its population from poverty, and did that even with foreign powers trying to meddle with it.

Personally, I would consider that a success - especially when compared to say Russia. Sure, things could have been handled better, but Monday quarterbacking is easy, while action is hard.

<comment><USER4> The ends don't justify the means, but justifying the means is socialism 101. Moreover, if they had liberalized both the economy and the social laws, economy would have grown even more.

<comment><USER5> Like it did in Russia.

<comment><USER4> I didn't know that Russia was a paradise of social and economic freedom, can you elaborate?

<comment><USER5> Sure. You said:

\- if they had liberalized both the economy and the social laws, economy would have grown even more.

And I pointed out (sarcastically, I admit) that the transition to freedom and market economy didn't work out very well in the other example of communist superpower. It might not have anything to do with the transition, per se; it might just be that Russia was culturally unprepared for it and it managed it very badly. But I find easy to believe that a sudden switch from a single party system and an entirely planned economy, to free market and democracy, is in itself extremely risky.

China has been doing great in the years since 1989; Russia, that has tried to follow the path of democracy and market (of course, with very mediocre results), has not.

<comment><USER4> I didn't choose Russia as an example of economic and social freedom, you did. Russia is not high on the scale of social and economic freedom. In fact Russia has never ever been a democracy in its whole history. You want a better example? Chile.

<comment><USER5> You're reading in my comment things I didn't actually say. Specifically, I didn't choose Russia as an example of economic or social freedom. I instead argued that Russia _tried_ to go that way, and it didn't end well. And of course, if Russia were an actual example of social and economic freedom, that would go against my whole argument.

<comment><USER6> They never even tried, though. They may have _claimed_ at some point that they'd do it, but that's a very different matter - they went the "government cronyism" way, and very explicitly so. Again, just compare what Eastern Europe has been achieving, and it's no comparison - _even_ after you account for the fact that Russia did have to face quite a bit of enduring hostility and distrust from Western institutions.</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment>


Show HN: How to save 40%+ on one way flights - <AUTHOR> https://medium.com/@tripdelta/how-to-save-50-with-one-way-flights-a3e99e392240

<comment><USER2> Ok so I hack it, what if my flight is delayed?

<comment><AUTHOR> We always leave enough time for the transfers on these types of flights. The flight mentioned in the article leaves a whole night as transfer time. When searching with this method you might actually discover routes that are 1) cheaper and 2) you were previously unaware of them. If you like the stopover you can extend the time, as the prices of these routes are likely to be similar +/\- 3 days.</comment></comment>


Show HN: I made a playlist of great music to program to - <AUTHOR> http://open.spotify.com/user/flippyhead/playlist/5j2NykCr22yflwglWyIbo8

<comment><USER2> I made one too. ;)

[http://libertyresourcedirectory.com/d/podcastsaudio.php](http://libertyresourcedirectory.com/d/podcastsaudio.php)

<comment><AUTHOR> nice!

</comment></comment><comment><USER3> spotify is not available in india ..can you give me the list of songs in some other form ? please ....</comment>


The World's Priciest Sibling Rivalry: Asia's Richest Man vs His Brother - <AUTHOR> https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2020-06-03/mukesh-ambani-won-the-world-s-most-expensive-sibling-rivalry <comment><USER2> Buisness Weeks misses the mark by a mile.

Mukesh the elder brother sitting on 54 billion worth of company paper _was_ always a builder and operator of businesses. He is a chemical engineer and was enrolled at in Stanford's MBA program but withdrew in favor of running the project to build and operationalize the largest refinery in India.

He also led the push to build and roll out the group's first mobile venture which dropped calling rates by 90% back in the late 90s. This was the venture which the younger brother later inherited in the split and ran into the ground.

The younger brother is a financial engineer and more comfortable with bankers, journalists and regulators. He has an MBA from Wharton and has not sufficently an operator to survive in India's cuthroat and highly competitive environment.

They both began with a similar sized pie and one had 3-4x it and the other has shriveled it to almost nothing.</comment>


Intel CEO Brian Krzanich Resigns; Board Appoints Bob Swan as Interim CEO - <AUTHOR> https://newsroom.intel.com/news-releases/intel-ceo-brian-krzanich-resigns-board-appoints-bob-swan-interim-ceo/ <comment><AUTHOR> "Intel was recently informed that Mr. Krzanich had a past consensual relationship with an Intel employee. An ongoing investigation by internal and external counsel has confirmed a violation of Intel's non-fraternization policy, which applies to all managers. Given the expectation that all employees will respect Intel's values and adhere to the company's code of conduct, the board has accepted Mr. Krzanich's resignation."</comment>


Ask HN: Would you invest in someone training in return of time of work for you? - <AUTHOR>

The training could be anything from system administration (windows, gnu/linux) to web development.
1. Why or why not will you invest?
2. Would you pay directly for the training? So the person would not touch the money at all.
3. Would you sign a contract?
4. How much are you willing to invest? and how much time will you expect in return?
Thank you very much. <comment><USER2> Can you clarify the question? I'm not sure what "in return of time of work" means. Are you surveying HN as personal investments, or as employers?

<comment><AUTHOR> "time of work" meaning the person will work for you or your company for an amount of hours or for a specific project until it is done.

As an employer.

<comment><USER2> This type of transaction sounds like a barter exchange: paid training (instead of wages) in exchange for work.

Since this is a non-standard type of transaction there is additional overhead to set this up, which acts as a disincentive for an employer or company to move forward.

A simpler approach may be to ask for wages instead, which could then be used to pay for training. But based on your question, you seem to be asking specifically if a company would be willing to exchange billable hours for paid training, thus I suspect the answer would be "possible, but not likely".</comment></comment></comment>


Microsoft developed its own online Word procc. years ahead of Google & dumped it - <AUTHOR> http://www.pallab.net/2008/06/06/netdocs-story-of-a-missed-oppertunity/

<comment><USER2> Is Google Docs making that much money?

<comment><USER3> That barely matters, from Microsoft's position. Any argument that NetDocs (which MS would have had control over) would have cannibalised Office applies even more to Google Docs (which it most certainly does not).

<comment><USER2> OK, I tried MS Web Office (Excel), it's sloow and a missing features, shortcuts that either Excel or Google Docs has.

If web docs matter, MS is way behind Google at the moment.</comment></comment></comment>


Amazon releases Kindle App for Mac OS X - <AUTHOR> http://www.9to5mac.com/kindle-application-mac-549087340 <comment><USER2> I recently sold my Kindle DX because I planned to get an iPad and I was sad that I couldn't read all the Amazon eBooks I bought.

The first time I saw this headline, my reaction was: "Great! Yes! This is what I've been waiting for. Now I can just read those items."

After downloading it, I am so deeply disappointed. This app is so horrible, I would question why they released it. There's no highlighting, note taking, searching, nothing.

I question how Amazon thinks it can seriously compete with Apple & iBooks when they release things like these. Ugh.

<comment><USER3> To be fair, the Kindle iPhone app is reasonably decent for reading. I can only hope the same person?/group? that worked on the iPhone app will also work on the iPad app, so they'll still be somewhat of a competitor. Especially since Amazon does sell a lot of books :p

The Mac OS X app is just an utter disappointment, and I ended up deleting it right after running it for the first time. Wonder why they even bothered?

<comment><USER2> Completely agree. The question now is whether Apple will approve an iPad Kindle app or not.

<comment><USER3> I don't see why not, unless Amazon attempts to blatantly sell books in the app, instead of just linking you to the Amazon website like in the iPhone app. And even then, I doubt it.

No doubt Apple will make the whole book buying/reading process seamless, and make the interface appealing enough for people to want to buy books from them instead of from Amazon. I don't know many people who use the Kindle app on iPhone as their only Kindle, so to speak, while I do know lots of Kindle owners that use the Kindle app for when they don't have their Kindle around.

Lastly, given that Kindle books are mostly text and b&w images (lowest common denominator I suppose), I can't imagine Apple could feel threatened, as the iPad is larger, has a color display, and has a far larger potential for doing more interactive/immersive content, e.g. for education, no matter what Amazon tries to do.

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER4> As far as I can tell you cannot:

* select or copy text

* highlight

* take notes

* search for text

Making this less useful than paper books or PDFs, which is quite a feat.

<comment><USER5> The press release - [http://www.businesswire.com/portal/site/home/permalink/?ndmV...](http://www.businesswire.com/portal/site/home/permalink/?ndmViewId=news_view&newsId=20100317006876&newsLang=en) \- notes that full text search and annotation will be added in the 'near future.'

</comment></comment><comment><AUTHOR> And here's the direct download link: [http://www.amazon.com/gp/kindle/mac/download/ref=amb_link_15...](http://www.amazon.com/gp/kindle/mac/download/ref=amb_link_151329822_1?pf_rd_m=ATVPDKIKX0DER&pf_rd_s=center-1&pf_rd_r=0BSJPSH4BS4K9XKPEWSZ&pf_rd_t=1401&pf_rd_p=1250062022&pf_rd_i=1000464931)

(warning it'll start downloading a 9MB DMG file as soon as you open the page!)

addendum: looks like the app is partially derived from the iPhone source (it uses the iPhone's standard URL scheme for launching the app... try kindle://home. I'm still trying to figure out how to launch a particular book.

Also, the Mac version uses QT extensively, and appears to feature some Growl integration.

<comment><USER6> It's pretty decent. Synced up my books that I was reading on the iPhone as expected.

Still trying to figure out where it downloads the books to.

[edit] Looks like ~/Documents/My Kindle Content

</comment></comment><comment><USER7> I'm far more interested in whether Apple is going to approve the Kindle app for the iPad, or whether I'm going to have to buy all my eBooks again.

<comment><USER8> There is the Kindle for iPhone, I have read few books on it already. Should work on iPad too, I assume.

<comment><USER9> They can always change their mind. I had purchased a Google Voice app on the iPhone too, until they decided to remove it and everything like it from the store.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER10> Wow. Frustratingly you can't open ebooks on your computer.

So all of those O'Reilly ebooks I got in Kindle format won't open.

Thankfully ORA also allow me to get PDF copies of the books I bought, but it's still pretty annoying on Amazon's part.

<comment><USER11> DRM-free ebooks work with this app as they do with the PC version. I just downloaded and opened a DRM-free mobipocket file from here: <http://www.feedbooks.com/book/88>, so the problem seems to be specific to your O'Reilly ebook/Mac app install.

</comment></comment><comment><USER10> Finally. Seriously, I wonder what took Amazon so long. They got some arguably smaller platforms out quicker.

<comment><USER12> What I find surprising is how unpolished it is.

UI Redraw is slow, small feature set, UI is very crude.

The triangle of: scope, quality, time to release - it seems like this app went with: none of them.</comment></comment>


Ask HN: Open-source tracker? - <AUTHOR> Are there any projects that curate a list of production-grade open source software, perhaps by category?<p>I just heard about GraalVM (https://github.com/graalvm/graal) in Carin Meier's Clojure Conj talk and realized that I would not know where to find such a project if she had not mentioned it. <comment><USER2> Usually I start from a curated "Awesome" list by language or topic:

[https://github.com/sindresorhus/awesome](https://github.com/sindresorhus/awesome)</comment>


It's weirdly hard to steal Mark Zuckerberg's trash - <AUTHOR> https://theoutline.com/post/3994/it-is-weirdly-hard-to-steal-mark-zuckerbergs-trash?zd=4&zi=lrefrlrf <comment><USER2> This is really bazaar and interesting story.</comment>


Gophercon 2018 Meetup Stream - <AUTHOR> https://www.twitch.tv/milehighgophers/ <comment><AUTHOR> This is the meetup page in case you are curious what the talks will be: [https://www.meetup.com/Denver-Go-Language-User- Group/events/...](https://www.meetup.com/Denver-Go-Language-User- Group/events/fvzqspyxlbfc/)

      • 6:50 - 7:20 - Ryan Djurovich: Idiomatic Design Patterns in Go
      • 7:20 - 7:50 - Vasko Zdravevski: Security in Go
      • 7:20 - 7:50 - Peter P. Gengler: gRPC Queue
      • 7:50 - 8:20 - Florin Pățan: Build a Go micro-service with net/http
      • 8:20 - 8:35 - Saurabh Sethi: Fair Scheduling in Go
      • 8:35 - 8:50 - Steven Bogacz: Go Serverless</comment>


Google forgets about usability with latest Chrome build - <AUTHOR> https://productforums.google.com/forum/?fromgroups=#!topic/chrome/DhfDac-LJeI

<comment><USER2> Are we talking about Chrome beta? I'm up-to-date on OSX and do not see the "Hot Dog" button replacing the wrench.

</comment><comment><USER3> whoever this nimbUx is, he's very childish. No, google didn't forget about usability. Flagged.</comment>


ASP.NET Development Server works slow in Firefox, way faster in IE - <AUTHOR>

I'm working over ASP.NET MVC these days and I've noticed that the ASP.NET Development Server that comes along Visual Web Developer 2008 Express works too slow for Firefox. Access the web app in IE (7 in my case) and you see a huge difference in speed. Has anyone else too observed same behavior? Is this some sort of anti-firefox campaign... to make developers feel IE is better than firefox? <comment><USER2> disable ipv6 in firefox and it will be fine network.dns.disableIPv6

<comment><AUTHOR> Thanks</comment></comment>


Federal workers who check their e-mail during shutdown will be breaking the law - <AUTHOR> http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/the-switch/wp/2013/09/30/federal-workers-who-check-their-e-mail-during-a-shutdown-will-be-breaking-the-law/ <comment><USER2> An acquaintance of mine who works for the feds as a very small cog in our central govt controlled economy, told me that its a strange novelty as an isolated topic, but the real story is how it interacts with other policies. It mostly affects people who violate the rules which theoretically separate work email from personal email (which is enforced to WIDELY varying levels based on dept, locale, and individual supervisor) and people who use work email as a backup authentication aka if you get locked out of google/facebook/whatever and have your work .gov/.mil email address as a backup authentication method, well, you don't have a backup authentication method right now.

<comment><USER3> Not for the government, but I know some coworkers who do the same thing. Terrible idea to not completely decouple work and personal technology. There's no recovery process you couldn't achieve with a google, live, and yahoo account.

<comment><USER2> Well, sure there's a recovery process you couldn't achieve with those three examples, there's having a fourth backup of using your work email. Its like a math proof trying to prove there exists a largest integer N, theres always N+1.

I do agree that far too many people rely on precisely one backup, if they even have that many.

There are peculiar catch 22 issues like I used to buy books from amazon and once they arrive decide if they're worth staying my property in which case I don't submit a reimbursement voucher or if they're not so good in which case I submit a reimbursement voucher. So technically I don't know if I'm doing personal or business purchasing until long after the transaction.

Another weird corner case is related to health insurance which is tied to employer (if any) in the USA. So emailing an insurance company about health related topics using the work email seems appropriate until you can't use that email anymore even though you're still employed and insured there. Ditto retirement accounts. There are probably people out there with health insurance and retirement accounts who have no non-work related internet access... maybe if they're a forrester stationed in the middle of nowhere or an undercover cop who doesn't want to be caught talking about benefits with the FBI HR person on his personal iphone.

<comment><USER4> The concept of undercover agents in this mess is interesting - they can't just quit, but their entire support teams could conceivably be on furlough.

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER5> Could someone more familiar with U.S. laws explain why is it mandatory for federal employees not to work, even if they are unpaid?

I'd imagine there are people who would rather continue with their side projects, research or other fun parts of the job rather than sit at home.

<comment><USER6> A few reasons:

First, they're unionized. Understandably, the union is against unpaid labor of any kind. It sets a precedent that is more problematic than anything.

Second, we have a Federal minimum wage. You're not allowed to make less than that in a job. Therefore they would have to be paid _something_ to still be in compliance with the law.

Finally, while one person can go into an office without incurring massive costs, if you have an entire office come in, then you need to make sure receptionists, janitors, kitchen staff, parking attendants, etc are on the job.

<comment><USER7> How do interns work? (In the general sense of compliance with the minimum wage statute.)

<comment><USER8> Unpaid internships are illegal[1]. Unless you are the government, in which case you exempt yourself from the law.

[1] [http://www.dol.gov/whd/regs/compliance/whdfs71.htm](http://www.dol.gov/whd/regs/compliance/whdfs71.htm)

<comment><USER9> Your link says: _There are some circumstances under which individuals who participate in "for-profit" private sector internships or training programs may do so without compensation._

Which is directly contrary to the point you cite it to support.

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER10> What employment law in US says in case of forced unpaid holidays? In Europe worker must be given part of salary and an offer for termination (with bonus) within two months.

<comment><USER11> Is that true of all employees in Europe? Is that true in every country in Europe?

<comment><USER12> I am not sure what the EU-wide regulations are.

In NL, employees are hired per term. Meaning you have a 6-12 month contract, and if the employer wants to lay you off or fire you, he has to pay out the rest of your contract. There are some exceptions of course (1 month period at the beginning where either party can terminate, gross negligence, stealing, absence, etc). After 3 years the employee and the employer have an 'indefinite' contract.

This system means that if the employer needs to reorganize, it needs to do so with some government involvement (a sort of civil court which looks at the case). Usually the employee is compensated in some way... usually based on how long the employee has worked there and how bad the financial situation is at the company. "We have lots of cash on hand but our board of directors didn't approve the budget" wouldn't go over very well with the courts, I presume.

The system has it's downsides (employers are cautious to hire), but it also means that you can't just fuck around with your finances and lay-off / furlough your employees because you don't feel like making important decisions. An employer can't just shift the financial burden of bad planning to the unemployment system.

<comment><USER13> That is... insane.

<comment><USER14> Exactly how is enforcing agreements between employer and employee insane?

Sure, there are some minimum numbers enforced by the governemnts, but the agreements tend to increase them.

<comment><USER13> What's insane to me is that people aren't free to negotiate their own agreements...

<comment><USER15> One side of the agreemenr isn't even a person; it is an organization.

<comment><USER14> Actually, usually it is organizations on both sides of the agreement. At least here in .se.

Originally the rules originated in long term agreement between employer organizations and unions, and was later codified into law. And even if union memberships are way down from what they used to be, their agreements are seen as guiding lines for how other working agreements are made.

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER16> If you work for the government and you care about checking your work email when you're home, you're doing it wrong. :)

<comment><USER17> I would be amazed if they even have email.

Have you ever been on the phone with the IRS, or a state bureau or the treasury (or whatever) and in the normal course of conversation and workflow you suggest emailing them a document ... or using _any_ reasonable workflow whatsoever ?

The answer is not only "no", but "no, because I don't have email here". Absolutely stupefying.

<comment><USER18> Let me rephrase your story using HN-centric terms:

You: "Hello IRS, I want to send you a sensitive document over an insecure channel that another department of government is hoovering up."

IRS: "No."

:-)

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER19> My wife is an economist and she almost threw her monitor through the window after seeing government websites showing "This website is closed for the shutdown" instead of the normal, static data she needed.

</comment><comment><USER20> Ha, this scenario could be straight from Snow Crash!

</comment><comment><USER21> "Hundred Year Old Law Doesn't Make Sense In Internet Age, Columnist Says"

<comment><USER22> I'm not sure it's the law's fault. The Federal government is not designed to work without a budget. In fact it's specifically designed to _not_ work without a budget.

<comment><USER23> I think it sounds like a good idea. If you're not paying people, you shouldn't be allowed to ask them to work.

<comment><USER22> Agree, it makes sense. But it's a real bummer that you're not allowed to work even if you really, really want to. Say, for example, you're an NIH researcher being forced to pull the plug on a long-running experiment that you'll have to start over again from scratch.

<comment><USER23> Yes, it is really messed up, but it's the only way of stopping employers saying "You don't have to work, but if you _really love_ your work you can continue".

I think when it's the government, there _should_ be major consequences if they can't pay their bills. It's absolutely insane that this is happening at all, and ludicrous when you consider _why_ this is happening.</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment>


Show HN: Build your Linux from Scratch inside Docker with one command - <AUTHOR> https://github.com/reinterpretcat/lfs <comment><USER2> Seems to defeat the purpose of 'from scratch' if all you do is run a script.

I fondly remember building linux from scratch in the early 00's and learning quite a bit about how a system is put together by doing (and troubleshooting) the steps. IIRC bootstrapping the compiler was the trickiest bit since the fedora (or maybe it was still redhat back then) gcc didn't like to play nice with its younger siblings.

<comment><USER3> What's the difference between writing x commands and hitting enter once, vs writing x commands and waiting for each command to finish? This is a good starting point for people who already know Linux and want a lean self-built system.

<comment><USER4> I don't really get what's different compared to using something like `from debian:jessie`. In what ways is this more lean?

<comment><USER5> `FROM debian:jessie` costs 53 MiB. (And by the way, please upgrade to Stretch at the earliest convenience.) `FROM alpine` costs 2 MiB. When you need to send container images across the globe on shitty connections, this matters _a lot_.

<comment><AUTHOR> Actually, one of the first commands by default when container is run, is to fetch about 330Mb of compressed toolchain.

<comment><USER5> I didn't expect myself to _ever_ say this, but: Our Openstack containers are much leaner than that. (Swift ends up at ~95 MiB for example.)

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER6> Interesting invention "Standard Build Units" (SBUs) as a measurement of time to build/compile.

[http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/~bdubbs/about.html](http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/~bdubbs/about.html)

</comment><comment><USER7> I did something similar a few years ago:

[https://zwischenzugs.com/2015/01/12/make-your-own-bespoke- do...](https://zwischenzugs.com/2015/01/12/make-your-own-bespoke-docker- image/)

it was a great learning experience but take-up was 0 :)

</comment><comment><USER8> Why are the docs at linuxfromscratch.org still based on 4.12 instead of 4.14? Have they just not gotten around to updating, or is 4.12 considered more widely accepted?

I want to deep dive into building Linux from scratch (step by step, not via a magic script) to get intimately familiar with the OS, but wonder if I ought to invest my time in a more recent version.

<comment><USER9> You are talking about kernel versions?

Version 4.12 was from July 2017 until September 2017 (0)

Right now the main line kernel is at 4.14, but it has not changed so much that it really matters for learning Linux.

[0] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_kernel#4.x.y_releases](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_kernel#4.x.y_releases)

<comment><USER8> I am. Do you think the same steps will work with 4.14? (Or at least that any changes I need to make would be straightforward enough for a relative beginner to figure out?)

<comment><USER9> It is impossible for me to determine your level, I would expect it to be straightforward enough.

But probably best to stick with the kernel that the doc is written for.

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER10> So if I'm understanding this correctly, this builds the LFS kernel inside a docker container into an ISO image that can be used with VirtualBox, but cannot be used within a Docker container itself?

<comment><AUTHOR> Yes, that's correct. The goal was to use the whole LFS's system including OS kernel. Docker, AFAIK, uses host's kernel, see info here [https://docs.docker.com/get-started/#virtual-machine- diagram](https://docs.docker.com/get-started/#virtual-machine-diagram)

Anyway, it should be possible to build image for docker container if necessary.

</comment></comment><comment><USER11> LFS is a gateway to Gentoo;)

<comment><USER12> Gentoo is such a great learning platform. Stage 3 installs really educate you on how a linux machine is built. Portage on how system services are built in a modular (or not) way. It creates such a different relationship with the user than most other OS's.

</comment></comment><comment><USER13> This idea is interesting. I recently started a LFS project but quickly ran into I am traveling a lot right now.

Any thoughts on using a virtual machine to practice while I travel? VMWare Fusion?

<comment><USER14> I don't see why this wouldn't work?

</comment></comment><comment><USER15> I thought LFS already had an automated variant for the base book. Supposedly the latest Gobolinux was bootstrapped using a variant of it.

</comment><comment><USER16> First thought was the website [http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/](http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/) and book.

Edit: low and behold under "License"...

"This work is based on instructions from Linux from Scratch project and provided with MIT license."

<comment><USER17> My first thought was this old chestnut [http://bash.org/?464385](http://bash.org/?464385)</comment></comment>


I Was a Screen–Time Expert. Then the Coronavirus Happened - <AUTHOR> https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/27/parenting/children-screen-time-games-phones.html <comment><USER2> It always felt to me that a lot of this kind of advice was coming from someone that could actually have their kids taken care of while doing the stuff that is unavoidable to survive (even cooking something involving oil and fire)...</comment>


One Doctor's Quest to Save the World With Data - <AUTHOR> http://www.wired.com/2015/04/epic-measures

<comment><USER2> I head up the scientific computing team at IHME (the institute the article talks about), happy to answer questions.

I started out doing a fellowship [0] there, it was a great first job.

[0] [http://www.healthdata.org/get- involved/fellowships](http://www.healthdata.org/get-involved/fellowships)

<comment><USER3> Thanks for the opportunity. This is an interesting project, and the linked graphs are intriguing:

[http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare/#](http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd- compare/#)

Questions: How are DALYs attributed to various risk factors? Assuming this is extracted from the data itself, what model do you use to isolate causation from correlation?

</comment></comment><comment><USER4> Today while I was taking the machine learning course in Coursera, I was thinking what could the applications of machine learning could be and then saw this article and the relevance of machine learning.</comment>


Regex that only matches itself - <AUTHOR> http://codegolf.stackexchange.com/a/31863 <comment><USER3> Mostly unrelated, but I use the opposite trick to ensure that the "grep" process itself doesn't show up when I "ps | grep" for a process.

Something like:

        ps -ef | grep "myprogra[m]"

Is still a regex that matches the string "myprogram", but it doesn't match _itself_ , so the "grep myprogram" doesn't show up in the output. Easier than doing " | grep -v grep" or similar.

<comment><USER4> I just use pgrep for this now.

<comment><USER5> Not all platforms have pgrep, so I had to look up a trick like that in GP this weekend

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER6> This is ridiculous. How does one go about deriving something like this? Really impressive.

<comment><USER7> If you think that's crazy, check out [https://www.infoq.com/presentations/miniKanren](https://www.infoq.com/presentations/miniKanren) at the 31:30 mark. These two guys teach their logic programming system a subset of scheme, then they can run it "backwards" to find quines - <USER2> that evaluate to themselves.

<comment><USER8> That is amazing. I don't want to spoil the fun but I highly recommend that video!

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER9> Reminds me of a quine - a non-empty computer program which takes no input and produces a copy of its own source code as its only output

[https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quine_(computing)](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quine_\(computing\))

<comment><USER10> It is literally a quine, viewed as a program in a language where (for example) the code consists of a regular expression and the output is the sequence of all strings matching that regular expression.

</comment></comment><comment><USER11> I wish I was as smart as these people.

<comment><USER12>
         Everybody is a Genius. But if you judge a fish by
         its ability to climb a tree, it will live its whole
         life believing that it is stupid.

         - Albert Einstein

<comment><USER13> Probably not Einstein [http://quoteinvestigator.com/2013/04/06/fish- climb/](http://quoteinvestigator.com/2013/04/06/fish-climb/) (not that it matters in any deep way).

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER14> This is probably a stupid question but what is the minimal formal language that has an accepting path as a statement in the language?

<comment><USER15> A formal language is basically just a mathematical set of acceptable strings made up of symbols in a (typically finite) alphabet; thus the smallest is probably the empty set, or if you insist on an accepting path, a set containing only the empty string.

The interesting part comes up when you want to match an infinite set of strings with an algorithm. Probably the simplest such algorithm would be "regardless of input, accept" which isn't exactly useful but would suffice.

It's dissatisfying to have an algorithm that puts weird, arbitrary restrictions on composing languages; for example it's usually the case that if you take a language L1 and a language L2 that are both acceptable to the algorithm, the concatenation (for every string in L1 and every string in L2, the concatenation of their strings is in the new language) language is usually acceptable to the algorithm.

Some commonly used languages do not have all of these properties; in particular the intersection of two context-free languages may not be a CFL, nor the complement. Deterministic context free languages are even more restrictive. You seem to need to give some things up as you move up the language hierarchy in power; in particular string homomorphism and intersection seem to be mutually exclusive in languages more powerful than regular expressions.

If you're interested, the theory of abstract families of languages has been studied, although I do not know a lot about it myself.

</comment></comment><comment><USER16> I think I might be missing something. Wouldn't something like "a" be a valid 1-byte regular expression that only matches instances of "a"?

<comment><USER17> > NOTE, delimiters must be included

Your regex is actually /a/ which does not match the string "/a/".

<comment><USER18> I would say that adding slashes is quite arbitrary constraint, and it is really language specific syntax that is limited to minority of languages (I believe it was introduced in Perl). If you do regexp in Java, Python, C you don't use slashes.

Edit: looks like slashes weren't even used in the example.

<comment><USER19> It's a pretty boring question if you don't make that requirement, though. The whole exercise is arbitrary, so it doesn't bother me.

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER20> Completely unrelated: [http://codegolf.stackexchange.com/questions/99026/build- me-a...](http://codegolf.stackexchange.com/questions/99026/build-me-a-brick- wall) (using Trumpscript)

</comment><comment><USER21> funny how many times this needed to be submitted before it stuck. [https://news.ycombinator.com/from?site=stackexchange.com](https://news.ycombinator.com/from?site=stackexchange.com)

<comment><USER22> Wow, and none of them even have [dupe] on them.

HN's story ranking system is undisclosed to prevent startups and/or VCs from gaming things AFAIK, but I'm wondering if it pushes things up based on time of day.

Alternatively, maybe the people who check /new are only around at certain times.

In any case, I'm definitely checking /new a lot more myself. Most of the things I've posted haven't "stuck" either, I realize just how many people this seems to be hitting.

<comment><USER23> >I'm wondering if it pushes things up based on time of day. //

What do you mean by that? I don't think HN sniffs location so hour would it even work with a global audience?

<comment><USER22> That is an incredibly good point, I certainly wasn't thinking clearly while I was figuring that out, hah

I remember seeing someone do some data analysis of all of HN and noted that there was a certain time of day that always seemed to be consistently upvoted the most. I think I was overextrapolating that data, especially considering I've no idea what the article was called now so I couldn't review it.

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER24> Straight-up wizardry.</comment>


Robots Hallucinate Humans to Aid in Object Recognition - <AUTHOR> http://spectrum.ieee.org/automaton/robotics/artificial-intelligence/robots-hallucinate-humans-to-aid-in-object-recognition#.UcNa2rslHFI.hackernews <comment><USER2> "I'm sorry, Dave, you are only a hallucination"</comment>


Deploy a Meteor Application in Under 1 Minute - <AUTHOR> https://blog.giantswarm.io/deploy-meteor-application-in-1-minute

<comment><USER2> As I'm not a MeteorJS developer myself, I'm glad to get some feedback as to short comings or improvements of this post.</comment>


Protestors Halt and Block Google Bus in San Francisco  - <AUTHOR> https://twitter.com/FitzTheReporter/status/410098690821337088

<comment><USER2> A picture from on the bus [http://instagram.com/p/htcClgHFNP/](http://instagram.com/p/htcClgHFNP/)</comment>