Ask HN: What are the most useful Firefox addons? - <AUTHOR> Because I'm always tired of seeing Chrome promoted as the defacto browser and ecosystem, here are my favorite Firefox addons:<p>Ghostery - http://www.ghostery.com HTTPS Everywhere - https://www.eff.org/https-everywhere Cloud To Butt Plus - https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/cloud-to-butt-plus/ <comment><USER2> ScrapBook : It allows you to save web pages offline, mark-up (highlight, annotate, make text-box callouts), indexes the whole collection + has tags. It unfortunately doesn't do sync yet, but provides an Import feature that is good enough in conjunction with rsync / Unison.

Scrapbook has been a serious "problem" for me: I could never make the switch from firefox to chrome, even in the intermediate years when a majority of folks had ditched FF for Chrome; I needed my scrapbook.

Link with screenshots, manual: [http://www.xuldev.org/scrapbook/](http://www.xuldev.org/scrapbook/)

</comment><comment><USER3> Using these ATM:

[https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/read-it- later...](https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/read-it-later/)

[https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/google-no- tra...](https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/google-no-tracking- url/)

[https://addons.mozilla.org/en- US/firefox/addon/ghostery/](https://addons.mozilla.org/en- US/firefox/addon/ghostery/)

[https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/make- address-...](https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/make-address-bar- font-size-big/)

[https://addons.mozilla.org/en- US/firefox/addon/yesscript/](https://addons.mozilla.org/en- US/firefox/addon/yesscript/)

[https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/copy-urls- exp...](https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/copy-urls-expert/)

[https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/custom- button...](https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/custom-buttons/)

</comment><comment><USER4> I found this a few days ago: [https://addons.mozilla.org/en- US/firefox/addon/select-like-a...](https://addons.mozilla.org/en- US/firefox/addon/select-like-a-boss/)

It allows you to select text that's part of a link by just clicking and dragging, just like all other text.

Other addons I use are: uBlock ([https://github.com/gorhill/uBlock#firefox](https://github.com/gorhill/uBlock#firefox))

imagus ([https://addons.mozilla.org/en- us/firefox/addon/imagus/](https://addons.mozilla.org/en- us/firefox/addon/imagus/))

self-destructing cookies ([https://addons.mozilla.org/en- US/firefox/addon/self-destruct...](https://addons.mozilla.org/en- US/firefox/addon/self-destructing-cookies/))

clean links ([https://addons.mozilla.org/en-us/firefox/addon/clean- links/](https://addons.mozilla.org/en-us/firefox/addon/clean-links/))

</comment><comment><USER5> Increases my productivity greatly

[https://addons.mozilla.org/en- US/firefox/addon/vimfx/](https://addons.mozilla.org/en- US/firefox/addon/vimfx/)

</comment><comment><USER6> "Tree Style Tab" is very useful if you like to have a lot of tabs open at the same time:

[https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/tree-style- ta...](https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/tree-style-tab/)

</comment><comment><USER7> ublock [https://github.com/gorhill/uBlock/releases](https://github.com/gorhill/uBlock/releases)

pentadactyl [http://5digits.org/nightlies](http://5digits.org/nightlies)

greasemonkey [http://www.greasespot.net/](http://www.greasespot.net/)

pentadactyl has a bit of learning curve to use it well. But after having using it for many years, it is the only addon that is keeping me away from chrome. No other vim style addon for chrome or firefox has come close, for me.

</comment><comment><USER8> NoScript: [https://addons.mozilla.org/en- US/firefox/addon/noscript/](https://addons.mozilla.org/en- US/firefox/addon/noscript/)

Firebug: [https://addons.mozilla.org/en- US/firefox/addon/firebug/](https://addons.mozilla.org/en- US/firefox/addon/firebug/)

Lastpass: [https://addons.mozilla.org/en-us/firefox/addon/lastpass- pass...](https://addons.mozilla.org/en-us/firefox/addon/lastpass-password- manager/)

Pushbullet: [https://addons.mozilla.org/en- US/firefox/addon/pushbullet/](https://addons.mozilla.org/en- US/firefox/addon/pushbullet/)

TooManyTabs: [https://addons.mozilla.org/en- US/firefox/addon/toomanytabs-s...](https://addons.mozilla.org/en- US/firefox/addon/toomanytabs-saves-your-memory/)

Pocket: [https://addons.mozilla.org/EN-us/firefox/addon/read-it- later...](https://addons.mozilla.org/EN-us/firefox/addon/read-it-later/)

uBlock: [https://addons.mozilla.org/EN- us/firefox/addon/ublock/?src=s...](https://addons.mozilla.org/EN- us/firefox/addon/ublock/?src=search)

Cryptocat: [https://addons.mozilla.org/EN- us/firefox/addon/cryptocat/](https://addons.mozilla.org/EN- us/firefox/addon/cryptocat/)

Blur(DoNotTrackMe): [https://addons.mozilla.org/EN- us/firefox/addon/donottrackplu...](https://addons.mozilla.org/EN- us/firefox/addon/donottrackplus/)

Disconnect: [https://addons.mozilla.org/EN- us/firefox/addon/disconnect/](https://addons.mozilla.org/EN- us/firefox/addon/disconnect/)

Flashgot: [https://addons.mozilla.org/en- US/firefox/addon/flashgot](https://addons.mozilla.org/en- US/firefox/addon/flashgot)

Tree Style Tab: [https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/tree-style- ta...](https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/tree-style-tab/)

Web of Trust: [https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/wot-safe- brow...](https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/wot-safe-browsing- tool/)

HTTPS Everywhere: [https://www.eff.org/files/https-everywhere- latest.xpi](https://www.eff.org/files/https-everywhere-latest.xpi)

Greasemonkey: [https://addons.mozilla.org/EN- us/firefox/addon/greasemonkey/](https://addons.mozilla.org/EN- us/firefox/addon/greasemonkey/)

Privacy Badger: [https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/privacy- badge...](https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/privacy-badger- firefox/)

</comment><comment><USER9> This is what I run. I prefer that companies I've never heard of do not collect data about me and give it to whomever wants it for just a few cents.

Adblock Edge: Blocks all ads including "acceptable ads" [https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/adblock- edge/](https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/adblock-edge/)

Better Privacy: Manage "super cookies" [https://addons.mozilla.org/en- us/firefox/addon/betterprivacy...](https://addons.mozilla.org/en- us/firefox/addon/betterprivacy/)

Cookie Monster: Control who can set cookies. [https://addons.mozilla.org/en- us/firefox/addon/cookie-monste...](https://addons.mozilla.org/en- us/firefox/addon/cookie-monster/)

NoScript: Blocks all scripts except for whitelisted domains [https://addons.mozilla.org/en- us/firefox/addon/noscript/](https://addons.mozilla.org/en- us/firefox/addon/noscript/)

RefControl: Modifies HTTP Referer on a per-site basis. [https://addons.mozilla.org/en- us/firefox/addon/refcontrol/](https://addons.mozilla.org/en- us/firefox/addon/refcontrol/)

RequestPolicy: Blocks all cross-site requests except whitelisted requests. [https://requestpolicycontinued.github.io/](https://requestpolicycontinued.github.io/)

UAControl: Modifies User Agent on a per-site basis. [https://addons.mozilla.org/en- us/firefox/addon/uacontrol/](https://addons.mozilla.org/en- us/firefox/addon/uacontrol/)

\---

These are just to make my Internet experience more enjoyable/productive.

Classic Theme Restorer: Brings back navigation buttons, makes tabs square, and more. [https://addons.mozilla.org/en- us/firefox/addon/classicthemer...](https://addons.mozilla.org/en- us/firefox/addon/classicthemerestorer/)

Firebug: Inspect and change HTML, CSS, and more. [https://addons.mozilla.org/en- us/firefox/addon/firebug/](https://addons.mozilla.org/en- us/firefox/addon/firebug/)

HN Utility Suite: collapse discussions. [https://addons.mozilla.org/en- us/firefox/addon/hn-utility-su...](https://addons.mozilla.org/en- us/firefox/addon/hn-utility-suite/)

Image Block: If tethering on a limited connection. [https://addons.mozilla.org/en-us/firefox/addon/image- block/](https://addons.mozilla.org/en-us/firefox/addon/image-block/)

New Tab Tools: Makes new tab page nicer. [https://addons.mozilla.org/en- us/firefox/addon/new-tab-tools...](https://addons.mozilla.org/en- us/firefox/addon/new-tab-tools/)

Screengrab! (fix version): Take screenshot of whole webpage. [https://addons.mozilla.org/en-us/firefox/addon/screengrab- fi...](https://addons.mozilla.org/en-us/firefox/addon/screengrab-fix-version/)

<comment><USER10> Just FYI, you can take a full page screenshot without using any add-ons by hitting Shift-F2 and typing screenshot --fullpage in the command line. There is also a screenshot button you can add to your Web Developer toolbar, but it's not enabled by default.</comment></comment>


Using Static Analysis for Ajax Intrusion Detection - <AUTHOR> http://cs.brown.edu/people/sk/Publications/Papers/Published/gkj-stat-anal-ajax-id/paper.pdf

<comment><USER2> Javascript is a really difficult language from a static analysis perspective, and they're still special-casing a lot to get to something useful -- for example, in the Prototype toolkit, they had to change about 5% of the code to get it to analyze well.</comment>


Ask HN: Is Facebook blocked in your office internet? - <AUTHOR> <comment><USER2> I worked for an exchange and it was not blocked there. I worked for a car automation company and it wasn't blocked there either. My following two jobs were at multinational banks. In the first one, it was blocked. In the second, I took a "social media responsibility" training and I was added to the exclusion list and I could access Facebook, Reddit, Twitter etc. Now I work for a small finance company and the network is wide open.

</comment><comment><USER3> No. I work at Facebook, and we don't block any sites except ones with malware.

<comment><USER4> Facebook's behaviour regarding privacy is similar to spyware. ;)

</comment></comment><comment><USER5> No it is not but I remember a hospital in Central London which Facebook was blocked in. I'm not sure if it was a policy or they had an issue with their network!

</comment><comment><USER6> No, but Google Plus is, which is where Google Hangouts stores videos. Immensely frustrating during my lunch break

</comment><comment><USER7> Today I'd prefer work in a place where most social media sites were blocked (except Hacker News?).

</comment><comment><USER8> Nope, over the last 5 years i've found employers more leniant

</comment><comment><USER9> Yes. Both Facebook and Twitter are blocked.</comment>


Btrees are the new black - <AUTHOR> http://www.me.net.nz/blog/btrees-are-the-new-black/ <comment><USER3> Someone should create a library where all your data is stored in a BTree. Think of it! Huge data sets, small data sets, everything scales in this system. And even better, they can create a language-agnostic API to a small server that just stores the btrees for them and gives them back on request. We could call it a database, but that would require we use indexes correctly for once in our lives.

<comment><USER4> And then we can stack every conceivable use case on top of it, and write that language-agnostic API in a way that makes interfacing with most current languages so onerous that people can build hundreds of thousands of lines of code to make it slightly less painful!

Maybe we can make the configuration so convoluted that we can base entire companies and revenue models around maintaining them.

<comment><USER5> > _write that language-agnostic API in a way that makes interfacing with most > current languages so onerous that people can build hundreds of thousands of > lines of code to make it slightly less painful_

Those would be people who couldn't be bothered to learn a really simple declarative language, and prefer ad-hoc OO ORMS and other shit like that...

<comment><USER6> SQL is _not_ a simple language and expecting everyone to lean it properly is crazy. Simple queries are easy, sure, but as with all things you quickly outgrow simple things and then you're stuck. Especially if you want good performance.

<comment><USER7> SQL is arguably at least as easy as any other language you can define around this idea. Usually the complications come from trying to normalize the crap out of your data and expecting a single relational model to work for all use cases.

Oddly, moving this to another domain would not make things any easier in that regard. If you tried to have a single data structure that stores all of your data for all of your use cases, expect pain.

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER8> Google has an open source implementation of b-trees in C++. You gain performance and memory efficiency (less overhead per element stored). You lose the iterator stability that std::map/std::set guarantees. Other than that the interfaces are pretty much equal.

[https://code.google.com/p/cpp-btree/](https://code.google.com/p/cpp-btree/)

<comment><AUTHOR> (top article author). I wasn't aware of that, it looks like they come to similar conclusions "B-trees are widely known as data structures for secondary storage, because they keep disk seeks to a minimum. For an in-memory data structure, the same property yields a performance boost by keeping cache-line misses to a minimum. C++ B-tree containers make better use of the cache by performing multiple key-comparisons per node when searching the tree. Although B-tree algorithms are more complex, compared with the Red-Black tree algorithms, the improvement in cache behavior may account for a significant speedup in accessing large containers."

<comment><USER9> A sidenote: your blog post is from the future - unless we're already in May? :)

<comment><AUTHOR> Fixed. I'd like to say it was a subtle implication that it contains wisdom from the future ... but actually it was just me being boneheaded.

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER10> Well,

If the hype is to be believed, Cache-oblivious b-trees are an even better match for today's hierarchical memory systems.

Unfortunately, I don't know any simple free/open-source implementation of these.

But here is a "home page" for them: [http://supertech.csail.mit.edu/cacheObliviousBTree.html](http://supertech.csail.mit.edu/cacheObliviousBTree.html)

<comment><USER11> There are even better fits for modern CPU architectures and hierarchical memory systems (but not on HDDs) than B-Tree based structures, like the adaptive radix tree: [http://wwwkemper.informatik.tu- muenchen.de/~leis/papers/ART....](http://wwwkemper.informatik.tu- muenchen.de/~leis/papers/ART.pdf)

I think B-Trees are mostly important for educational purposes, since this is a very important general way of organizing data. For real world usage, there are hundreds of different structures optimized for different use cases.

<comment><USER12> Do you know of any examples of good open source projects using the ART?

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER13> Since there has been a resurgence of interest in OCaml on HN, some may be curious to see how a production quality Btree implementation looks like in OCaml. Algebraic data types, make it particularly convenient for these sorts of things. For comparison one may contrast it with an implementation in a language that does not have algebraic types, C++ for example. So glad Rust chose to have them.

Here is a Btree implementation from the mirage project [1] [https://github.com/cgreenhalgh/ocaml- btree/blob/master/lib/b...](https://github.com/cgreenhalgh/ocaml- btree/blob/master/lib/btree.ml)

EDIT: removed link to binary tree after kerneis pointed it out.

[1] [http://www.openmirage.org/](http://www.openmirage.org/)

<comment><USER14> > Here is a Btree implementation from the mirage project

And in fact, this implementation does not show a lot because the actual B-tree work is done by the baardskeerder library: [https://github.com/Incubaid/baardskeerder](https://github.com/Incubaid/baardskeerder)

It looks very large and complex, it is most certainly possible to write a simpler, pedagogical implementation.

<comment><USER13> Found cpc [https://github.com/kerneis/cpc](https://github.com/kerneis/cpc) from your comment stream. Looks super interesting. [http://felix- lang.org/share/src/web/tut/fibres_index.fdoc](http://felix- lang.org/share/src/web/tut/fibres_index.fdoc) might pique your interest. It also compiles coroutines portably and efficiently (to a C++ runtime library). Felix tries to do for C++ what F# does to C# (in case there is any confusion, I am just a new user)

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER15> The original B-Trees as described by Bayer were "intrusive" (like implemented here), in the sense that every node contains keys, values, and pointers.

There are variants such as the B+Tree [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%2B_tree](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%2B_tree) , which stores only keys in nodes and chains blocks - which is more efficient in range scans and less in general retrieval; And the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B*-tree](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B*-tree) which is more densely packed.

</comment><comment><USER16> Interestingly, a red-black tree can be viewed as a BTree [0].

Another case where caching plays a huge role in determining the most efficient data structure (See vector vs list [1]).

[0]: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red%E2%80%93black_tree#Analogy_...](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red%E2%80%93black_tree#Analogy_to_B- trees_of_order_4)

[1]: [http://baptiste-wicht.com/posts/2012/12/cpp-benchmark- vector...](http://baptiste-wicht.com/posts/2012/12/cpp-benchmark-vector-list- deque.html)

<comment><USER17> Robert Sedgewick gives a very good analogy of a red-black tree to a 2-3 tree on his Coursera course (Algorithms, Part I) [0] - a bit different to what is discussed in Wikipedia, but very easy to understand and implement.

[0]: [https://class.coursera.org/algs4partI-004](https://class.coursera.org/algs4partI-004)

</comment></comment><comment><USER18> This reminds me of The Ubiquitous B-Tree by Douglas Comer. That article was written in 1978.

[http://people.cs.aau.dk/~simas/aalg06/UbiquitBtree.pdf](http://people.cs.aau.dk/~simas/aalg06/UbiquitBtree.pdf)

</comment><comment><USER19> Timo Bingmann presented a fast and robust implementation here [https://panthema.net/2007/stx-btree/](https://panthema.net/2007/stx-btree/)

</comment><comment><USER20> Speaking of B-trees, I find CouchDB's implementation really interesting: the backing file is append-only, meaning that modifying the tree implies appending the modified nodes at the end of the file (for example, if I change a leaf, than I rewrite it at the end of the file, and rewrite its parent so that it points to the leaf's new position, and so on until we reach the root node).

Sounds like a waste of space, but it solves a bunch of problems, like being crash-proof (since we never overwrite anything, it's always possible to just find the last root) and allowing reads concurrent with a write without any synchronizing necessary. Plus, it's actually optimized for SSD's due to its log-like structure!

CouchDB B-Trees : [http://guide.couchdb.org/draft/btree.html](http://guide.couchdb.org/draft/btree.html) Log structures in SSDs : [http://lwn.net/Articles/353411/](http://lwn.net/Articles/353411/)

<comment><USER21> Massive waste of space though. LMDB is also copy-on-write and crash-proof but doesn't require compaction like CouchDB does.

[http://symas.com/mdb/](http://symas.com/mdb/)

Read the LDAPCon 2011 paper (and slides) to see how it works and why it's better than CouchDB.

</comment></comment><comment><USER22> In C++, std::set and std::map are typically implemented as RB trees. To compare the performance of those to a hash backed container, try std::unordered_set and std::unordered_map.

</comment><comment><USER23> I have fond memories of red/black binary trees. About 15 years ago I wrote a reusable library for R/B trees in C. I had a series of programs I had to write that were collating a lot of data in memory into several buckets.

(The nice thing about virtual memory is you can make a really big RAM disk.)

</comment><comment><USER24> Under what conditions will a B-tree out perform a hash map? Seems like the hash map was far and away the better choice in his test.

<comment><AUTHOR> For insertions and lookup it is probably hard to find a situation (for large n hashes are asymptotically superior).

Trees provide some other nice properties such as maintaining an ordering (so it's fast to get the smallest argument or interate of the elements in numerical order) and always perform at the asymptotic time cost (a dynamic hash table occasionally takes O(n) when the table is resized so it might not be a good fit in a realtime situation)

</comment></comment><comment><USER25> What about false sharing?

<comment><AUTHOR> I only benchmarked and considered the single-threaded case. Multithreading is a whole new can of worms.

<comment><USER26> Trivially, one could synchronize around the entire tree.

However, if modified nodes are always copied, then the only node that matters is the root node (since there can never be a partially modified tree accessible from the root), which boils down to atomic update of a root node pointer. Should be very efficient.

There is, of course, a performance implication of node copying, but it only affects add/delete/replace performance - read access runs at full speed - <USER2> it is cache-friendly, as well.

<comment><AUTHOR> If you want different threads to see the same data structure then I think you would also need a mechanism to prevent multiple threads modifying the same node and clobbering each other's changes.

<comment><USER26> Yes, of course. But there is a difference between read, which only requires synchronization at the root node, and write, which requires synchronization at the modified leaf and potentially all the way back up the path from leaf to root.</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment>


Hiring Ren and Stimpy - <AUTHOR> http://www.lessonsoffailure.com/developers/hiring-ren-stimpy/ <comment><USER2> Being in the right kind of company helps Stimpy in this tale. Some companies have a set pecking order, and changing processes that have been established by a higher up just brings down the fire on your head. In these companies Ren would look like the cooperative one, and stimpy would seem insubordinate.</comment>


Ask HN: How many upvotes on HN are really people trying to collapse comments? - <AUTHOR>

<comment><USER2> I wouldn't think too many as the arrow is pointing up and not down as it would be for expanded comments. In addition, it exists on every question/answer regardless if there are responses.

But I see your point that the context is subtle and maybe some people would miss it and still click.

Just my opinion too, but HN is a uber simplistic interface that isn't following a lot of current trends, but it also isn't really designed for the consumer level user either.

<comment><USER3> >I wouldn't think too many as the arrow is pointing up and not down as it would be for expanded comments.

People might think the arrow doesn't indicate the comment thread state ('expanded') but the action that will be performed when clicked ('collapse'), which might also inlude the top-post (that would be consistent with the 0-replies case).

<comment><USER2> Fair point, didn't think of it that way.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER4> I had never noticed the upvote button till now. Thanks!</comment>


"I have lately made an Experiment in Electricity that I desire never to repeat." - <AUTHOR> https://arstechnica.com/science/2019/11/that-time-benjamin-franklin-tried-and-failed-to-electrocute-a-turkey/ <comment><USER2> Reminds me of a curiosity seen during a tour of the historic Filoli mansion: An appliance that cooks food by running mains power through it. Apparently someone in the early 20th century thought this was a good idea. I don't remember the exact food it was used for -- maybe hotdogs, or bacon?

(Seen here, on the counter:) [https://i.pinimg.com/originals/a0/f7/35/a0f7352484c9426ea188...](https://i.pinimg.com/originals/a0/f7/35/a0f7352484c9426ea188f63fb42d38b9.jpg)

<comment><USER3> In South America they run electricity through the shower head: [https://i.redd.it/lsmtihn21d201.jpg](https://i.redd.it/lsmtihn21d201.jpg)

An in Germany a just guy convinced 88 people to try to electrocute themselves and send him a video of it

<comment><USER4> I had one of these in my student dorm in Shanghai ten years ago. If I'd raise my hands too close when shampooing I could feel the shock coming... I took cold showers most of the semester.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER5> The article never gives any context for the quote in the headline. It doesn't even quote it again in the body.

<comment> kyle-rb It's the start of the letter to his brother, which is linked[0]. That part isn't quoted in the body, but I thought the main part of the headline above the quote made it clear what it referred to.

[0] [https://www.masshist.org/objects/cabinet/december2002/decemb...](https://www.masshist.org/objects/cabinet/december2002/december2002.htm)

</comment></comment><comment><USER6> Poultry-related hazardous experimentation also did for Sir Francis Bacon:

[https://hauntedpalaceblog.wordpress.com/2013/04/25/the- stran...](https://hauntedpalaceblog.wordpress.com/2013/04/25/the-strange-case- of-sir-francis-bacon-and-the-frozen-chicken/)

</comment><comment><USER7> > The Founding Father once infamously electrocuted himself while trying to > kill a turkey with electricity.

I'm pretty sure you only get to "electrocute" yourself once. Especially in 1743.

I wonder- his lack of grounding may just be what saved his life. If the mentioned chain connected to the outsides of both jars were grounded then there might have been a short across his heart.

<comment><USER8> Electrocute may also mean to injure, not just to kill...

The chain was probably the cell ground? Unless the Leyden jar had a different ground wire, which seems improbable. Likely he got it straight across the chest.

<comment><USER9> "Electrocute" is a portmanteau of "electricity" and "execute".

<comment><USER10> TIL. What other commonly understood words are portmanteaus?

<comment><USER11> You'll see them all over now.

chortle (chuckle/snort) podcast (ipod/broadcast) newscast (news/broadcast) sportscaster (sports/broadcaster) motel (motor/hotel) email (electronic/mail) blog (web/log) bit (binary/digit) chunnel (channel/tunnel)

[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portmanteaus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_portmanteaus)

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER12> What's really interesting about Franklin electrocuting chickens is that electrocution went on to become the predominant method of killing chickens in the US poultry industry until 2017 when the largest purchaser of chickens, McDonalds, switched to using asphyxiating gas because activists were upset about the electrocution. Non-McDonalds chicken though is still killed the "old fashioned" way - through electrocution pioneered by Franklin. The electrocution doesn't actually kill the birds, it stuns them and makes them rigid prior to a giant saw cutting off their heads.

Here's a video of a typical poultry plant, though this one is in Mexico it's identical to US operations: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hMSNGZh60zY](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hMSNGZh60zY)

(Warning: do not watch if you can't handle it it's exactly as described.)

</comment><comment><USER13> >The Founding Father once infamously electrocuted himself while trying to kill a turkey with electricity

Electrocution is death, or (more recently) serious injury, by electric shock. It does not mean "harmlessly shocked".

I have seen this error more and more often. It seems that the word is evolving to become more broad over time, since it's the only handy verb we have for "the application of current to a living thing". It originally meant only execution, hence the construction: electricity + execution. Then it broadened to any death, and then serious injury, and now it's being used for harmless shocks.

</comment><comment><USER14> I have seen assertions that he did not claim to have actually done the kite experiment, but only proposed it, and was after assumed to have done it. Maybe after a while he got embarrassed to correct people?

</comment><comment><USER15> Wow, 10 lb turkeys. He would be aghast at trying to knock off a 22 lb Foster Farms turkey. :-)

One could make the argument that a turkey cooker that used an electrical current would be both more efficient and result in a more even cooking. Assuming the turkey was brined before cooking (fairly common), as the brine evaporates the conductivity goes down and the current would redirect to lest cooked areas. As a result cooking the entire bird evenly.

</comment><comment><USER16> Fortunately they did not give up, and today millions of chicken are instantly killed with electricity followed by decapitation

<comment><USER17> then cleaning, butchered, dipped in egg, dipped in flour/spices, and fried to perfection.

<comment><USER18> can't you just run the voltage longer to skip the cleaning/butchering/etc to get straight to fried?

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER19> And this is why you kill mechanically, even if you're going to use electrodes to get better quality meat.</comment>


Net Neutrality Facts - <AUTHOR> https://internetassociation.org/net-neutrality-facts/ <comment><USER2> Please.

"What is at stake? Quite simply, the future of the Internet as we know it. "

Yeah, except the entire internet has got to the point it is today WITHOUT net neutrality.

"For example, an ISP with its own movie and TV streaming service could slowdown traffic for Netflix or YouTube users in favor of its own affiliated content. "

The net neutrality folks sure are hyperventilating over speculations of what COULD be done, and what boils down to a pricing structure. This hardly seems to be the end of the world.</comment>


Malcolm Gladwell: What we can learn from spaghetti sauce [TED talk] - <AUTHOR> http://www.ted.com/index.php/talks/malcolm_gladwell_on_spaghetti_sauce.html

<comment><AUTHOR> There is quite a bit to this talk that can't be adequately captured by the title. For one thing, Gladwell shows how people cannot articulate what exactly they want (even though they know it when they see it), a point that pg has previously emphasized in his essays on style and design. Using spaghetti sauce as the metaphor, Gladwell also shows how NOT to survey users on what they prefer, and suggests that celebrating individual differences and tastes (along many dimensions) produces more happiness than a one-size-fits-all model, regardless of how authentic or well-designed that one model is.</comment>


US nabs alleged Russian hacker – and Kremlin cries foul - <AUTHOR> http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Security-Watch/Backchannels/2014/0708/US-nabs-alleged-Russian-hacker-and-Kremlin-cries-foul-video

<comment><USER2> I think a lot of people here are making too much out of the fact that there's no extradition treaty with the Maldives. An extradition treaty would simply mean that they were more or less obligated to extradite the hacker if the US requested (and vice-versa for the US).

But the Maldives are a sovereign nation--if they are OK with the US taking him into custody, their government is free to let that happen, treaty or not. The only thing which would indicate wrongdoing is if the Maldives filed a protest against the US for the abduction (suggesting it wasn't complicit).

<comment><USER3> > if they are OK with the US taking him into custody, their government is free > to let that happen, treaty or not.

If who is OK with what? The Maldives is a republic and has to follow its laws and process to consider arresting someone on a foreign nations behalf and then consider the extradition.

Republics with executive branches that don't consistently enforce their mandates need to be punished by the world community before a mafia of rampantly criminal executive branches emerges and undermines all democratic republics. Oh wait.

</comment></comment><comment><USER4> Why on Earth is Russia upset about a credit card fraudster getting nicked? And "kidnapping", no less.

Surely this is a good thing for everyone? At worst it's neutral, if you believe in a competitive free market among thieves.

<comment><USER5> He's alleging that he was kidnapped in the Maldives and moved to Guam, which is US territory, so he could be arrested. This is itself illegal; you can't fight crime with more crime.

<comment><USER6> Well FBI agents like to show up uninvited in different countries so this is the next logical step.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER7> i like how tough my old country fights for the rights of its own people... well, may be not of all people, just some of them :)

Anyway, not defending the guy in any manner, just wondering, what if hacking CCs weren't a crime in Russia (or whatever other wild 3rd world country), or if it were just say a minor infraction there, like a traffic ticket whereis in US it would be a capital offense - would it be normal to catch these people, bring into US and execute them? Should US bring half of Nigeria population into US? (does it sound like i'm making the case for the Unified World Government ? :)

<comment><USER8> > what if hacking CCs weren't a crime in Russia (or whatever other wild 3rd > world country), or if it were just say a minor infraction there

The crime that really pissed off the US wasn't "hacking CCs", but "hacking CCs owned by american banks". If he had been robbing russian banks from russia, then likely we would never have cared.

> would it be normal to catch these people, bring into US and execute them

There is no need to turn this hypothetical into a parody. Nobody is talking about execution. But people who commit crimes against americans (or _especially_ against american corporations) probably already fear the US legal system. That's why you won't see a lot of colombian drug lords travelling to the US.

And as the article points out, this isn't even the first time we've done this to a russian citizen. It's almost routine.

<comment><USER9> If he was robbing Russian banks he would have fallen down stairs in his apartment block before now.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER10> Although this isn't the kind of business that particularly deserves defending, but if US in fact did snatch and grab this guy from the Maldives (Who seem to have no extradition treaty with the US) their actions are far worse than robbing a few credit card companies.

<comment><USER11> Considering Russia just recently snached an Ukrainian soldier Nadezhda Savchenko from Ukraine (who had previously been taken hostage by Donbass separatists), they really have no higher ground to stand on.

<comment><USER12> Two wrongs don't make a right. This is Kindergarten level stuff.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER13> If Russia have anyone to complain to, then surely it's the Maldives? I doubt the USA went to the trouble of kidnapping the dude without the (cheaply acquired) cooperation of the local police. The USA made no secret of the fact this guy was wanted and would be arrested if possible. I doubt the Maldives will care too much that in future they'll miss out on the Russian-hacker- thief-vacation market.

<comment><USER14> I would argue maybe the USA shouldn't be "cheaply acquiring" the cooperation of local police. Local police is meant to uphold local laws. The second you pay them to do otherwise in their official capacity both parties are committing if not a crime directly then at least an ethical violation, possibly a violation of sovereignty (given its a state actor putting it in motion). Just being the money doesn't mean you aren't doing something wrong.

Unless the Maldives government was involved to a higher degree than individual officials who may have been paid off then the USA is most certainly who Russia should be directing their complaints at.

<comment><USER13> Bribes to individual police might be "cheap", but so might some minor trade concessions to a tiny nation that exports very little, in absolute terms, to the USA. Alternatively, perhaps the USA embassy can issue a few dozen more student visas than they were planning on. Is diplomacy illegal too?

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER15> Is US trying to get every country out there to despise it - on _purpose_? Because it kind of looks that way. Some suggest they did this to trade him for Snowden. I hope Putin doesn't give in. Also look what US is doing - it's making people _root for Putin_. And I really don't like Putin.

<comment><USER16> What did they do that you know was illegal?

<comment><USER17> I think the parent poster was referring to kidnapping someone and taking them to another country with no due process where the kidnapping occurred. Probably against international law/treaties? I have mixed feelings about this: really bad re: the kidnapping, but glad to see a credit card scammer get busted.

<comment><USER16> Do you know he was kidnapped illegally? Or is that alleged?</comment></comment></comment></comment>


California's 'Pro-Worker' Law Is Killing Jobs Left and Right - <AUTHOR> https://www.dailysignal.com/2020/01/07/californias-pro-worker-law-is-killing-jobs-left-and-right/ <comment><USER2> A 'The Heritage Foundation' mouthpiece.</comment>


Ask HN: Are you a book lover? Give us feedback - <AUTHOR> Are you a book lover?
My co-founder and I built this tiny app over the last few days because we often find books on Twitter, but forget them.
It's a work in progress, but the workflow is: you comment or DM a tweet containing a book(s), and we'll go out and find the book(s), store it/them on a page for the tweet, and then send it back to you. We'll then always keep the tweet's page, your page with a collection of all the books you've saved, and also a page for the original book recommender and all of their recommendations.
For instance, here's[1] a page that extracted the books from a tweet by Keith Rabois. And here's[2] a page that is ALL book recommendations from tweets by Keith Rabois. If I were the one to note any of these tweets, I'd also have a page for myself to remember every book I've noted.
[1]: https://tryfootnote.com/posts/1 [2]: https://tryfootnote.com/recommended-books/rabois
My questions to you, book lovers:
(a) How do you find books? Do you find them on Twitter? How often?
(b) Do you suffer from the same problem we do of forgetting where you saw that one book that sounded cool but now you've lost? And would you use this solution to that problem?
(c) We're intending to drive affiliate revenue through this... Would you buy through this, or would you be put off by affiliate links?
(d) Would you browse this type of site? Or would you only use it for remembering your books? <comment><USER2> Reading this:

[https://wpcommission.com/](https://wpcommission.com/)

And this:

[https://medium.com/@sku_67047/how-kinja-earns-so-much-in- com...](https://medium.com/@sku_67047/how-kinja-earns-so-much-in-commission- revenue-af69d3e7a952)

I more and more think that affiliate linking is a very nice alignment of interests, as long as the content is good.</comment>


CHAP Links - JavaScript Visualization Library For Graphs, Networks & Timelines - <AUTHOR> http://almende.github.com/chap-links-library/ <comment><AUTHOR> Via Functionn - Open Source Resources For Web Developers & Designers: [http://functionn.blogspot.com/2012/11/chap-links-librarya- ja...](http://functionn.blogspot.com/2012/11/chap-links-librarya- javascript.html)

P.S. Functionn contains a whole lot more of awesome resouces like CHAP Links. There only a fraction of them I can post here at a time. Take a look if you're interested, and subscribe: <http://functionn.blogspot.com></comment>


Facebook Graph API and Its JavaScript SDK - <AUTHOR> http://www.mikeborozdin.com/post/Facebook-Graph-API-and-Its-JavaScript-SDK.aspx

<comment><USER2> Love your commentary.well done</comment>


The nations of the Amazon want the name back - <AUTHOR> https://www.bbc.com/news/business-47794353 <comment><USER2> What a ridiculous dispute. Change the actors and it's obvious how Amazon is completely insulting and ridiculous. There is a region covering several countries, with a widely recognised name. Is it even half-sane to imagine that one corporation takes ownership and proposes kindly to give each covered country a sub-tld?

E.g. Tencent runs .america and kindly offers the countries .usa.america, .can.america, .bra.america, etc. While using the rest as they please to advertise WeChat products, such as great.america, chat.america, .....oh and also they offer the countries 5 million renmenbi worth of tablets as compensation. Generous!

Or Siemens buys .asia and offers.each country a nice .in.asia, .pk.asia, etc and uses the tld to offer a new line of kitchen appliances e.g. washinmachines.asia.

Or Toyota runs .europe and offers kindly use to the countries: de.europe, fr.europe, ru.europe, .. while using the remainder to sell cars, motorcycles and pumps at pumps.europe, cars.europe, etc.

Kind of obvious how ridiculous this situation is? Who runs the internet and for whom? One internet company's interests should outweigh that of several countries and dozens of people's?

</comment><comment><USER3> This doesn't make much sense. Amazon was a name given by the Europeans that colonized the place. Either they are fighting to keep the name of those they claim were their oppressors, or, more likely, this is just a stunt to get some attention:

[https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_River](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_River)</comment>


Ask HN: why can't I downvote? - <AUTHOR>

I've been on HN for a while now, at the time of writing my karma was 380 with an average of 4.25. But for some reason I still can't downvote - why is this? Everything I've read puts the limit to do so around 100 (although it seems like this can vary), is there some other criteria as well? <comment><USER2> As the site grows, the Goal posts move. I think the current limit is about 500. I was at around 480 when it moved to 500 so I know it is at least that high, but I haven't lost the privilege since then so I don't know if it has moved.

</comment><comment><USER3> I just got it at 500, but I have read that the limit changes. What I'm not sure is whether you can lose the privilege as a result of a limit increase.

</comment><comment><USER4> I think it was when I hit 500 I got the ability to down vote comments...</comment>


Some Android Phone Manufacturers Lying to Users About Security Updates - <AUTHOR> https://www.theverge.com/2018/4/12/17228510/android-phone-manufacturers-missed-security-updates-lie <comment><USER2> Be sure to read Google's response at the end of the article. Sounds like the researcher's patch detection method is not reliable.

<comment><USER3> It may not be for Google phones but I fully believe the researcher is correct with the basis of the article. I have the Galaxy S8 (locked to a US Carrier) and updates are a shitshow. Extremely high impact vulnerabilities (such as BlueBorne) were patched over a 3 month period to the world. Interestingly enough you can't even fully blame the carriers because a lot of the time Samsung's own unlocked version gets updates last...

<comment><USER4> Security is the reason why I switched to an iPhone.

Updates are guaranteed and encryption is second to none.

I had tons of fun "encrypting" android on my milestone and Samsung galaxy S2 but it was just a show, and things really haven't improved since then even on google devices.

Heck after doing proper analysis of ARM trust zone and getting first hand access to some of the trustlets the industry uses to facilitate HVB, encryption and other security features on ARM devices there is no way I'm touching them again if I can avoid it.

As for security patches even a Google device isn't guarantee of updates as if you buy one through a carrier they are responsible for the updates which is something I found out with the original LG Nexus (5?).

Even flashing a Google clean ROM didn't help getting OTA updates since it seemed they were checking the IMEI.

After the let down which was the One Plus One it was iPhone all the way.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER5> Well, the mentioned analysis app the researchers placed on the Play store is potentially quite useful. If Google will "bless" it -- can we at least have a link to a copy of their statement as posted securely on their own domain?

The Android ecosphere particularly with respect to security is a really good case for the appropriate use of the word "clusterfuck".

And even once a user is aware their phone may not be up-to-date, it's not easy for them to determine this nor what they are missing.

So, why not at least give users a good overview of this? Turn them into a more informed consumer?

Unless all you want to do is push ads at them...

<comment><USER6> >can we at least have a link to a copy of their statement as posted securely on their own domain?

[https://opensource.srlabs.de/projects/snoopsnitch](https://opensource.srlabs.de/projects/snoopsnitch)

with fdroid link if you want that

<comment><USER5> Thank you for that. I see it requires non-standard access to the OS.

What I meant was, to see Google endorsing it -- on their own site(s). Even if/where they do, obviously in its current state the app won't be functional for the average user.

Sorry, I didn't read further in before making my comment.

Regarding that, it _would_ be useful if Google provided or enabled such a tool for the average, locked-down user to review the exact state of their Android OS (less carrier specific modifications) and updates to same.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER7> I switched away from Android phones in the "Stagefright" aftermath. My device was only three years old but the only response to my requests for an update was "Get a new device". So I did.

<comment><USER8> But what's the alternative?

<comment><USER9> Apple. Say what you want about them, their update policy is clear, consistent and fast.

<comment><USER10> Does Apple announce each model's end-of-life date (in terms of security maintenance) in advance?

<comment><USER11> As I understand it you generally have 5 years for hardware and software support with software requiring that you upgrade to major versions as they're released for continued updates. Perhaps someone can share a link or provide better details for software support/EOL info?

Here's their vintage/obsolete products info page: [https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201624](https://support.apple.com/en- us/HT201624)

<comment><USER10> As an ordinary consumer using my phone, how would I know when it's going to become unmaintained and I'll need to buy a new phone (if I want to continue having security maintenance)?

This is one thing I think Linux distros could do better: not just advertising upgrades to the next release, but warning when the current release is (soon to be) no longer maintained.</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment>


My Conversation with a Coding Nun - <AUTHOR> https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-07-03/my-conversation-with-a-coding-nun <comment><USER2> This is really uncanny! ;)</comment>


Microsoft-Nokia deal might be the best thing that ever happened to Android - <AUTHOR> http://tech.fortune.cnn.com/2011/02/11/microsoft-nokia-deal-might-be-the-best-thing-that-ever-happened-to-android/?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+fortunebrainstormtech+%28Fortune+Brainstorm+Tech%29&utm_content=Google+Feedfetcher

<comment><USER2> These strategies seem to be over-thought. Handset manufacturers should have one goal, selling the most and best handset they can make.

The android vs. windows arguments are only valid (I think) to people who live and breath tech. I don't think the average consumer cares. The capabilities of all the OSs are so similar that branding, marketing, etc. likely win over other factors.

As far as Maps goes, Apple has google powering their maps, so why would LG care if Windows maps are powered my Nokia? The handset manufacturer is getting the service for free.

At the same time, Bing Maps is a great service, so I hope that Nokia maps is equally as good.</comment>


3.5 Inches - <AUTHOR> http://dcurt.is/2011/10/03/3-point-5-inches <comment><USER4> The reason the iPhone 4's screen is 3.5 inches is because the iPhone 3GS was 3.5 inches is because the iPhone 3G was 3.5 inches is because the original iPhone was 3.5 inches.

A consistent platform is a huge deal. The whole point of the iPhone is that it's touch friendly. Part of the iOS user interface guidelines is making sure touch areas are the size of a finger tip. This is heavily emphasized.

If there were different sized iPhone screens with incompatible aspect ratios this guideline would be meaningless. An app that has finger sized touch zones on a 4.3 inch widescreen phone would not on a 3.5 inch standard screen phone.

Apple's designers know this. It's on purpose. And Apple's designers decide what its devices look like. That's why the iPhone 4 has a 3.5 inch screen.

If you want to wonder why the original iPhone had a 3.5 screen, you've got to go back to 2007 when everyone else was still trying to copy the Blackberry. A 3.5 inch screen at that time was already unprecedented.

I don't doubt Apple prototypes iPhones with different screen sizes and there is pressure to upgrade. But the fact Apple has not just shows how reluctant it is to break with consistency. If Apple moves to a new screen size, I think it will have to be larger for backward compatibility with old apps. I highly doubt it will go smaller, ever. All old apps would suck on a smaller screen, and Apple doesn't deliver sucky user experiences. And if it does go larger, it will be a big deal. I wouldn't expect a new screen size for a long time after that.

<comment><USER5> They've also locked themselves into a resolution, in some sense. IPhone apps, unlike Android apps, are built using absolute coordinates. Developers can make assumptions about the width and height of the screen. And widths and heights are described, believe it or not, with floats, not ints. They've been able to maintain compatibility between devices because they've doubled the resolution every time they wanted to increase it. This has in some sense made life easier for developers, while it's allowed Apple to not build the UI abstractions that Android had to. It seems fundamentally unsustainable though, surely they can't keep doubling forever?

<comment><USER6> I have yet to se a UI system that is resolution independent (not even mentioning aspect ratio independent), that doesnt look like crap.

Notice for example how the buttons in Android seem to have the wrong dimensions all the time, they sort of look chunky or stretched.

I think Apple made the right choice with solving this with resolution doubling.

<comment><USER7> Does this mean that you haven't seen a desktop OS UI that doesn't look like crap? All desktop operating systems have to deal with different resolutions as they have to support different monitors. Even laptops generally have a video output for a second, unknown-sized monitor.

<comment><USER6> Desktop UIs are generally not resolution independent, they just have resizable windows. The UI component sizes stays the same.

<comment><USER7> Ah, I see what you mean. Yes, fair call - you see this a lot in games, where the interface is based off static images - as you increase the resolution for better main view experience, the UI shrinks along with it, and it's tough if you like a high res main view but want larger control surfaces.

That being said, I have seen some games with nice UIs that scale appropriately with resolution, that is, changing resolution doesn't change the screen size of the controls. I can't for the life of me think of any at the moment - they're not that common, but they do exist.

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER8> The diagrams drawn are highly misleading - my thumb goes well over the edge of a 3.7" device, and afaik I have pretty normal sized thumbs. The diagram there shows the thumb ending on a 3.5" device.

I may even buy the 4.2" is too large argument since devices do get a bit unwieldy, but why not anything between 3.5" & 4"? I own a Nexus One (3.7") and I think its a perfect size - I can usually reach my thumb across with minimal effort on a 4" screen as well.

tl:dr; Claims about perfect size of phone, without any data, except images of phones superimposed with one random sample of thumb size.

<comment><USER9> I drew the diagrams from my perspective, holding the phone in my palm, and extending my thumb over the screen. I don't think I have particularly large or small hands. If you hold the phone further out in your fingers, you can extend your thumb farther, but the phone is less stable in your hand. The instability is where the "annoyance" comes from, when I'm using the Galaxy S II.

<comment><USER10> Do you have elf hands? I've got pretty small hands (I wear a small or medium in men's gloves depending on the brand), and with the iPhone tucked into my thumb as close as reasonably possible, I can reach every pixel on the screen, and I can reach past in spots. If I hold the phone so that it's most comfortable (and most secure feeling), I can reach way past the edge and slightly past the far corners.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER11> My Sensation has a 4.3" screen and I have no issues navigating it. I had a Nexus One prior to that, and its 3.7" screen likewise felt fine.

I'd be willing to bet that the iPhone's original screen size was dictated more by battery concerns than the average mobile thumb length of tea drinkers in the midwest or whatever crazy metric people want to use. Bigger screens use exponentially more energy. Once that size was decided, Apple's basically stuck with it, since iPhone apps use absolute layouts and are designed for a 3:2 screen. You can't just scale the app to the new aspect ratio without stretching assets (squares become rectangles, circles become ellipses), and iPhone apps are designed against a specific aspect ratio.

Increasing a 3:2 screen to 4.3" would make the screen 2.4" wide; the iPhone's screen is currently 1.9" wide, and the Sensation/SGS II have 2.1" wide screens, by comparison. If you think the SGS is hard to use, a 3:2 screen of the same size would be downright intolerable.

<comment><USER12> Phone weight is fairly meaningless limitation in these size ranges, so battery size is mostly limited by form factor - internal components so a larger screen should give you better battery to surface area ratio and thus longer life.

</comment></comment><comment><USER13> Most of the arguments here are that "well my thumbs can reach far past the iPhone screen".

That's not what he's arguing. I can reach the pedals of my car with the seat all the way back, too, but I'll probably plow into someone as a result.

He's arguing that it's _not comfortable_ to do so, and I agree. Stretching my thumb across the iPhone screen (top-left / top right) is as close to uncomfortable as I'd like to be. When my thumb is over there, the phone arches forward because of the position of my index finger, almost moving the phone out of my hand. Any larger of a screen and it'll go flying.

Whether or not Apple decided on the original screen size because of this, it was a good decision to not increase the size of the screen with the 4S.

<comment><USER14> To add to this point, it's not comfortable for the majority of users. If you look at a normal distribution of users, they want to cover some sort of number and I'd wager that this screen size is hitting that number.

EDIT: Spelling. I don't know why I mentioned "normal" either.Apple simply wants to cover a majority of users.

<comment><USER15> Evidence? Citation? Or are you saying that on blind faith simply because it's Apple?

<comment><USER13> Because Apple generally tries to create products that appeal to a large percentage of the population, not "blind faith". It's an observation based on common sense.

<comment><USER15> I disagree, and I'm presenting as much evidence for it as you are (i.e. none). In which conference was Apple's finding published? Where can I download a PDF of the paper?

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER16> Sorry but I disagree. I'm not sure how he holds his iPhone but I cradle it with my 4 fingers with my pinky supporting it from the bottom. This allows my thumb to extend well past the edge of the iPhone.

I think he's reading too much into the design. Larger isn't necessarily better. The iPhone 4's screen is good enough for me, I've never had any issues except for trying to read pdfs, which is one reason why I keep considering getting an iPad. But for everything else, I find the screen more than good enough and it's still small enough to fit in my pocket.

<comment><USER17> I own both an iPhone and an iPad and a Kindle. I'd tell you: for reading stuff, nothing beats the Kindle. PDFs though, not so much. You just can't comfortably put a letter page on a 7 inch screen.

That said, I would not buy an iPad again. I would by a Kindle instead. Just some food for thought regarding your PDF reading needs.

<comment><USER18> I can recommend the onyx boox m91s for reading pdfs, as long as it's books/papers and not magazines.

<http://www.onyx-boox.com/onyx-boox-m91s>

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER19> Post-facto rationalization: everything's so perfect!

<comment><USER20> Post facto? You reeeeally believe Apple hadn't build tons of prototypes in various sizes PRE FACTO (sic), and made extensive research in what is more comfortable for the largest majority of people?

<comment><USER21> Is this a twist on the No True Scotsman?

Surely Apple would have done that on purpose!

<comment><USER22> I was guilty of that yesterday.

I was looking at notebooks and thinking I want a big screen but with the keyboard in the center. I want my hands write in front of me, but I don't want to look to one side. I 'know' apple do it that way. Then I found an HP that was almost like that but the F was more left than the J was right, which are the home keys, so I thought still no good. Then I looked at the Apple and it was the same the F was more left that J was right. So I decided it must be right to do that, because Apple know best.

<comment><USER7> _I want my hands write in front of me_

I like this typo, intentional or not!

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER23> Given your 3.5" measurement, a 7" screen for the iPad would have been much better, would it have not?

Apple's not shipping a bigger phone yet because it's something they can hold back on until they need to do it. The iPhone 5, iPhone 5s, iPhone 5XL iPhone 6... one of these will eventually do it so as to sell you something new.

<comment><USER24> Yup, I wonder what the author will say, if the next iPhone has larger screen.

<comment><USER25> Maybe that's why Apple is pushing for voice recognition with Siri.

I still think people like big screens on smartphones and thumbs be damned plus nobody seems to like voice recognition or Dragon Dictate would be on every PC.

<comment><USER11> People like voice recognition, but its uses are limited. I use voice search on my Android phone every time I get in the car to go somewhere that I need navigation to, or if I need a map. That's about it, though; having conversations with your phone makes you look rather special.

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER26> The Samsung Galaxy S II has sold more than ten million units these past few months, the screen size doesn't seem to bother anyone.

Apple gets a lot of things right, but come on, let's not imagine that every single thing they do is perfectly thought out.

</comment><comment><USER27> 3.5" I consider too small. Even for my little 12 year old sister I plan on buying a 3.7" Motorola Defy+ soon. I wouldn't get anything less than 4" for myself, and my next device is probably going to be a 4.3" one unless the Nexus Prime is just too awesome to pass up.

<comment><USER28> Rumor is that the Prime will have a 4.65 inch screen. Why stop there? The Galaxy Note is 5.3 inches.

Android handsets are becoming ridiculous. We spent all this time trying to make things small, but in an effort to differentiate themselves, manufacturers started making things huge again.

Most of the high end phones would not even fit comfortably in my jeans pockets.

<comment><USER29> The iPhone 4S has a 3.5 diagonal screen, but a 5.1 inch diagonal frame.

Most Android phones are increasing the screen size while decreasing the bezel, but only the increased screen size gets quoted. The next generation using Ice- Cream Sandwich, such as the Prime you mention, can replace the capacitive keys at the bottom with on-screen buttons, just like Honeycomb tablets. The screen size alone doesn't tell you everything about the device size.

This site shows a comparison (note you can click in the top right corner to resize the pictures to actual size)

[http://versusio.com/en/google-nexus-prime-vs-apple- iphone-4-...](http://versusio.com/en/google-nexus-prime-vs-apple- iphone-4-16gb)

It's only slightly bigger, yet has nearly double the screen area.

<comment><USER28> You should really compare sizes by lining up edges.

They have not really decreased the bezel that much either. But area increases as a square so you get good returns.

[http://www.gsmarena.com/samsung_i9100_galaxy_s_ii- pictures-3...](http://www.gsmarena.com/samsung_i9100_galaxy_s_ii- pictures-3621.php) <http://www.gsmarena.com/htc_evo_3d-pictures-3901.php> <http://www.gsmarena.com/htc_desire_hd-pictures-3468.php> <http://www.gsmarena.com/samsung_galaxy_s_ii_hd_lte-4198.php>

I'd handled the HTC Desire HD a fair bit (someone at work has one). The opposite end of increasing as a square is that small increases are bigger than they sound. It's a lot of phone there.

I am sure a lot of people are fine with it.

If they could make everything edge to edge, I'l be right there with with.

<comment><USER29> At least with Firefox you can drag the images and get a trasparent onion-skin image to move around and compare any edges you want. It's still not much bigger.

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER30> Maybe, just maybe, they factored in supply chains, costs and re-engineering effort and decided that it can happen later.

Sometimes you wonder why such speculative (not to mention defensive) articles get on the front page on HN. Aren't we supposed to be more rational and balanced?

<comment><USER31> > Aren't we supposed to be more rational and balanced?

Reddit has the same misconception. In reality, voting-based aggregators are at the whims of the user's personal feelings and preconceived beliefs, no matter the community guidelines.

HN has one nice benefit in that misleading titles can be changed, which I greatly appreciate.

</comment></comment><comment><USER32> Different strokes for different folks. Ive had an iPhone 4 and I have Galaxy S2 with 4.5 screen now. Both are manageable.

The one thing that android is missing out of course is the Appstore eco system, it has a long way to go to match software availability/quality of Apple appstore apps.

Camera in Samsung GS2 is probably best among android phones, but i dont think its a match for iPhone 4 and definitely not a match for iPhone 4S.

<comment><USER21> The app or the hardware?

</comment></comment><comment><USER33> Trying to guess why decisions are made, while an interesting exercise, is somewhat pointless. The author has decided, based on his own opinion, that the iPhone has a 3.5" screen because that is a size comfortable for many users. You can come up with equally possible reasons such as:

 _Apple wants to maintain a consistent environment for users, and a larger screen may cause problems for some apps._ Apple was unable to secure a sufficient number of larger screens and chose to keep the current size due to availability. _Alternative to the last possibility, Apple may have committed to buying a larger number of screens than they needed and do not want to take the financial hit of writing them off._ A larger device may have required more testing time, pushing the release date past the holiday season. *etc.

Apple isn't likely to confirm or deny reasons they chose not to increase the screen size, so no matter how sure you are of your reasoning, it's still speculation.

</comment><comment><USER34> It's weird that everyone here is assuming that the user is a man. Lot's of 13 y/o girls have iPhones. Heck, I just did an experiment with my girlfriend. She's got pretty long fingers for a girl, and the iPhone is just about the right size for her to reach most of the screen with her thumb without stretching.

<comment><USER35> This type of stories of a perfect size when small handed children use smartphones remind me of dogma created in the name of religion, which were easily falsified by science.

<comment><USER34> What on earth are you talking about? If you were designing a phone for the mass market, wouldn't you consider one-handed operability?

Apparently, this is why Apple makes so much money. Because some people design phones without considering that 13 y/o girls texting and posting on Facebook are a core demographic.

<comment><USER36> The (somewhat clumsy) point alperakgun was trying to make is that there's no such thing as one-size-fits-all, and it would be somewhat silly to only release a phone in a single size if your goal is to let everyone comfortably operate their phone with one hand. There's too much variation in hand sizes to properly achieve that goal. For some it will be too small, for others too large, and for some just right.

<comment><USER34> I took his point to be that the hand-size explanation is something made up after the fact to justify the iPhone's 3.5 inch screen. I don't think that's a sensible critique. Apple undoubtedly considered the hand-size issue when choosing the iPhone's screen size.

Clearly Apple's only goal wasn't to release a phone that everyone could comfortably operate. But consideration of hand sizes was undoubtedly a spec, to be balanced against other specs. The engineers probably got some ultimatum along the lines of: "we're only going to have one basic model, to maximize our margin, so figure out the screen size that hits the greatest number of target customers."

The iPhone is a reasonable size for people ranging from teenage girls to guys with pretty large hands. Probably too big for people with child-like hands, and too small for the big guys with massive paws, but very likely hits 90% of the potential market. I don't think the 4.3" Android phones hit the same sweet spot. My girlfriend probably couldn't operate one comfortably with one hand. That's okay for Samsung, which has a segmented product line, but not for Apple.

<comment><USER36> I don't buy that it's automatically inferior if you can't operate it with one hand. Larger carries trade-offs, smaller carries different trade-offs, and those trade-offs are different for everyone. You can't hit 90% with one size. I'd buy that you can make 90% happy, but not if the people you're marketing to have used decent smartphones in the form factor that hits the "sweet spot" for them.

<comment><USER35> In addition the arguments attributed to apple are usually void, and usually vain rumors, (see bunches of contradictory iphone5 rumors), they read like early people talking things like, of course god wanted 7 planets, because it is perfect. average palm size in some asian countries are small and 3.5 inches are already unusable to them. Samsung has in this case even a better strategy, because they offer variations for diversity of sex, age and ethnicities rather than making totalitarian assumptions :-)

i believe apple will release larger screens at some point and all this apple- mind readings will be forgotten even by their writers. And those people will search miracles elsewise.

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER37> Ironically, this is something that is really bad about the iPad, while 7 inch Android tablets are much better. I recently wrote something about this, should you care: <http://micheljansen.org/blog/entry/1111>

<comment><USER38> FWIW, Apple has added a movable split keyboard to the iPad in iOS 5.

</comment></comment><comment><USER39> My actually quite small hand, compared to a Logitech G7 and the SGSII. I'm guessing.. the guy made a guess compared to his iPhone4, without really using a SGS2, only seeing some.

Before getting it, I too though it might be too big. But nope. Using it since 6 month. As long as the body is thin like the SGS2 its perfect. There's only a small region at the top right I can't reach and which I don't need to. Also note that his graphic is wrong, as the SGSII is much higher, but not much wider than the iPhone (and thats probably why it works so well despite the size)

'nuff said, here's the pic:

<http://i.imgur.com/LFoIR.jpg>

<comment><USER40> No, he used the SGS2.[1]

1\. <http://twitter.com/#!/dcurtis/status/121653781241921537>

</comment></comment><comment><USER41> Sadly, I've got below average sized hands. I can't even reach all the way across my Palm Pre. Even holding a iphone is just a touch uncomfortable. One of the things that's kept me off the device. You can't please everyone.

</comment><comment><USER42> When using their thumb to press, how often are right handed people using their right hand versus their left hand to hold the phone?

I'm right handed and almost always am using my right hand, but the image in the article looks like the left hand is the common case.

Anyway, if the right hand is the common case then the Galaxy is actually the ergonomically superior format because you have to ask yourself, what is most commonly in the furthest position that you would be pressing with your thumb? The back button. Yet on the Galaxy, with it's dedicated button, it's well within reach.

</comment><comment><USER43> This is probably also based on user study data. I actually took part in a user study where we had to play with about 10 different phone and tablet sized lucite rectangles. They all had numbered grids and you had to hold it different ways and say how far up/down/over you could reach.

You also had to note your thoughts on holding, storing in pockets, etc.

Afterwards we had an open discussion period and most people seemed to agree that the iphone size was close to best, but that perhaps the screen should take up more of the real-estate, like how it does on the droid.

</comment><comment><USER44> Very presumptuous that your fingers are the size of everyone elses that uses the iPhone.

The average length of an adult male hand is 189 mm, while the average length of an adult female hand is 172 mm. The Females had at AVERAGE is 17mm smaller than their male counterpart.

With this in mind and simple mathematics, your theory is completely wrong.

</comment><comment><USER45> Looks like the site is down. HN effect?

<comment><USER46> Coral Cache has it: <http://dcurt.is.nyud.net/2011/10/03/3-point-5-inches/>

</comment></comment><comment><USER47> I could easily mean that Apple actually did some research to find out what the average user felt was a confortable horizontal stretch of their thumbs when using a touch based phone with one hand.

Even if that was not the case, companies making phone's these days are forgetting that regardless of the myriad of features that smart phones might have these days, they're still mobile phones... and not small tablets. Mobile phone's should be confortable to use and confortable to keep in your jeans pocket in my opinion.

</comment><comment><USER48> I must have freakishly large hands, because my thumb has no problem covering any part of the screen on my Galaxy S II. My vote is with @ansy about keeping aspect ratios the same.

</comment><comment><USER49> I have a 4.3 inch windows phone, have slightly below average hands and can reach all the way across just fine. Maybe the OP has really small hands.

</comment><comment><USER50> i dunno, very skeptical about the conclusion here. w/ the nexus prime (purportedly) at 4.65", that seems pretty ideal -- decently big enough to read a pdf, but still small enough for portability (pocket transport, unlike a tablet needing to be tossed into a backpack/bag of some sort). nice merging/compromise of smartphone & tablet (which i suppose is the point w/ this new ics os).

</comment><comment><USER51> Comfortable thumb reach? I don't think so.

If anything, I'd say it was chosen because the size 'feels' about right.

For me the SGS II is way too big; it doesn't fit in my pockets comfortably and it feels awkward when holding it to my ear.

There's a balance - bigger is better in terms of a touch interface but smaller is better in terms of convenience. Somewhere around 3.5" seems about the best compromise for a smartphone.

For me at least.

</comment><comment><USER52> I have both, but I very often end up holding SGSII on left Hand and use right hand for navigation and keyboard input

</comment><comment><USER53> The ability to reach the whole screen with my thumb, while still having a high resolution was one of the main reasons i bought my Motorola Defy. It has a 3.7" screen with 858x480 resolution. The other main reason was that a waterproof phone is a good idea when you have a two-year old toddler.

</comment><comment><USER54> Am I the only person who holds their phone such that the base of their thumb is over the bottom corner of their phone and with the end of the thumb hovering over the middle of the screen?

In this diagram the base of thumb seems to be halfway up one side of the phone which seems restrictive to me.

</comment><comment><USER55> Somewhat amusingly the site is down and we're left to guess what exactly is 3.5 inches in length ...?

<comment><USER56> Not to mention the minutes spent marveling after reading comments that say the article claims 3.5 inches is the _perfect_ length

</comment></comment><comment><USER57> Reminds me of why a 27" screen is perfect, but a 30" screen is too big. Sure, 3" may not sound like a big difference, but when 27" is already the absolute max, any more is a waste of space and provides negative return (e.g., parallax issues). Bigger is not always better.

</comment><comment><USER58> Yeah, like everyone on the planet has the exact same hand size and thumb length of the author.

</comment><comment><USER59> In my opinion, a phone needs to be extremely portable and easy to use with a single hand. I'm a tall man and the thumbs on my large hands have no trouble reaching anywhere in a 3.5" screen. I'm also rather athletic in build, so a device the size and weight of an iphone is just within the bounds of what I consider acceptable to carry all day in a front trouser pocket. I've experimented with phones that came in other sizes. The smaller ones sacrificed too much screen real estate, the larger ones were a bit unwieldy to touch / carry.

This is only my opinion and YMMV, of course. But for me at least, it's so wonderful that there are products out there that take ergonomics into account instead of just dashing for the biggest possible spec.

</comment><comment><USER60> When starting to read the article, the first thing I noticed was the "iPhone 4′s".

For some reason I really react annoyed at people using an accent instead of an apostrophe (4′s vs 4's).

I'm not sure why, but this always gets me

<comment><USER61> To add a little nitpicking to your nitpicking, it should've been a right single quotation mark (', U+2017). In fact it's not an accent (´, U+00B4), but a prime (′, U+2032).

Since none of these characters can be easily produced on a standard US keyboard, I suspect that the blame belongs not on the author but on his publishing system that thought he meant "4 feet" (or perhaps "4 arcminutes").

</comment></comment><comment><USER62> It ain't all about hand size. My beat-up 3G definitely spends more time in my left front pocket than in my hand, so that's a personal priority.

</comment><comment><USER63> Why do you have to touch the upper right corner with your thumb while walking and looking at Google maps? Some "problems" are overblown...

</comment><comment><USER64> I do not doubt that Apple not only did a lot of research on the perfect screen size, but they probably went overboard with it. They are _nuts_ about these kinds of things. When I worked for Apple, I would always hear stories like how they created hundreds of different colored casings for the iPod mini and spent an entire week just to figure out which 5 to pick. Any other company would make that kind of decision in a matter of hours.

<comment><USER65> I'd argue it's that attention to detail that has made Apple great - <USER2> doesn't settle for merely competent decision-making, and this is plainly visible in the end product.

I now work for a company that has some of the highest-rated and most perennially popular apps on the app store, and the focus on details is insane. We will go in and fix a tiny animation inconsistency that would last barely half a second on screen - but people perceive this polish, whether they are conscious of it or not, and it crosses that gap between merely functional and actually _pleasurable_ to use.

</comment></comment><comment><USER66> I have no problem holding my 4" HTC HD7 in one hand and reaching the entire screen with my thumb.

Maybe the blogger has small hands?

</comment><comment><USER67> Some men's thumbs are bigger than others.

<comment><USER57> True, but if you're designing a product, you want to target the 80% and the average thumb length.

As I see it, that's how the iPhone penetrated enterprise. Everyone is a consumer, but not everyone is a business consumer. Regular people go to work and turn into business people. If regular people love the iPhone at home, why wouldn't they want to take it to work? Why were companies in 2006 designing smartphones only for business people instead of for everyone?

</comment></comment><comment><USER68> When I hold my iPhone horizontally, these arches make a lot more sense.

</comment><comment><USER69> Circular reasoning:

The iPhone is well designed.

Therefore they used a 3.5" screen.

Therefore the iPhone is well designed.

</comment><comment><USER70> 3.5" is very practical. Any larger it will surely fall out of your jeans pocket. And the screen is enough to complete all tasks since it is a productivity and communications device.

<comment><USER71> This. It's all very well talking about how suitable the screen size is for thumb reach, but I bet being a decent size to fit in a pocket was also very much part of the decision too.

<comment><USER70> that's wild conjecture unless you helped design the iphone.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER72> This is the dumbest analysis about design.

</comment><comment><USER73> You have small hands. :)

</comment><comment><USER74> server down?

</comment><comment><USER75> he's holding it wrong

</comment><comment><USER20> Also check this: <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:HandAnthropometry.JPG>

Statistical hand breadth is around 3.8-3.5 inches (men, women).

</comment><comment><USER76> I'm getting a 500 error. Could it be the HN effect? Cached:

[http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:jXZtssY...](http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:jXZtssYpUHkJ:next.dustincurtis.com/2011/10/03/3-point-5-inches/)

</comment><comment><USER77> Designing for Humans: Design Research - Ergonomics - Human Factors - <USER3>

<http://www.designingforhumans.com/idsa/anthropometric_data/>

</comment><comment><USER78> This will hold true until the iPhone 5 comes with a 4"+ screen. Then it will become magical and revolutionary.

Mark my words...

</comment><comment><USER79> You know what they say about a man with small hands.

<comment><USER80> Small gloves?

</comment></comment><comment><USER81> Wow, nice observation, very interesting. I've never seen that other phone before, amazing how much it looks like the iPhone.

<comment><USER81> Its interesting how much energy people are putting into shutting his observation down. It might make sense to ask someone at Apple how they decide on product dimensions for mobile devices. I'm pretty sure some thought goes into the size of their products.</comment></comment>


Seth's Blog: Business card mistakes - <AUTHOR> http://sethgodin.typepad.com/seths_blog/2007/08/business-card-m.html

<comment><USER2> Eggshell with romalian type. What do you think?

</comment><comment><USER3> "Don't use big type for the address and contact info. The #1 way we can tell if a business card is cheesy is with a glance at the type size."

bad advice. small type strains the eyes.

The vistaprint cards are free + $6 shipping. But there is their logo saying "free cards at Vistaprint" on the back. Is that a Very Bad Thing? I wonder.

<comment><USER4> If you want to be taken seriously by customers or partners, I would _strongly_ recommend against using promotional cards.

You can purchase 500 VistaPrint cards _without_ their ad for only $4.99 plus shipping. You can design your own card for only a few dollars more. Google "VistaPrint coupon code" for the best deals. I just placed an order that way earlier this week.

</comment></comment><comment><USER5> I disagree with him on this article. Aside from the fact that business cards should fit their intended purpose, which he didn't even address, all of those have flaws. The one he likes, I hate the most.

A business that sells boats or boat rides should target older customers with bigger fonts.

<comment><USER6> I like the top-left one, but the rest are definitely crap. Also, I disagree on the phone number; I think email is far more important. If I want to get into contact with you, I want to just email you and wait for a reply, instead of calling every half hour or so and hoping you're available, especially if you operate in another time zone.

<comment><USER5> I think we agree, but I didn't anticipate such a fast reply while I was brainstorming and editing my posts.

<comment><USER6> I wasn't considering the specific examples Seth used in terms of business type. I just meant in general, for the type of people I deal with, I'd rather have an email address. Obviously, in certain industries or for certain types of people, I'd expect a cell phone number to be the most important thing.

BTW, the top two examples appear to be for security companies, not boat / fishing companies.

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER7> 4by6 does some amazing prints, its fairly expensive ($160 for 500 cards with matte finish) but worth it.

</comment><comment><USER2> That's nice Bateman.

</comment><comment><USER8> Remarkable!</comment>


How to write "Electro-Plasmic Hydrocephalic Genre-Fiction" - <AUTHOR> http://wondermark.com/554/

<comment><USER2> This one seems more relevant to the venue.

<http://wondermark.com/541/></comment>


JQuery Conf 2011 – jQuery Keynote by John Resig - <AUTHOR> http://ontwik.com/javascript/jquery-conf-2011-jquery-keynote-by-john-resig/

<comment><USER2> Any more videos/slides from the conference? I missed out and trying to catch up.

I'll just leave this here <http://lanyrd.com/search/?q=jquery+conference>

<comment><AUTHOR> check <http://vimeo.com/yayquery/videos> for more videos

<comment><USER3> Thanks for the link. Are there going to have official high quality videos available or only amateurs such as this one?

<comment><USER4> For this conf, this is the best we got. :/ Sorry about that. jQuery.Conf.BayArea.2011-720p.CAM.XviD-yayQuery will have to do for now.

The jQuery team is making it a big priority for subsequent confs.

All slides are available here, btw: <http://events.jquery.org/2011/sf-bay- area/schedule/>

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER5> Anyone make out the e-book URL from the first slide?

<comment><USER6> it's an o'reilly user group link where you indicate your user group affiliation and then you select a book and _they get back to you._

It's not actually a url for a specific free ebook and it feels sorta wrong to attempt to exploit it.

<comment><USER7> We were actually, explicitly, given this URL by O'Reilly in order to present it as such to people at the conference.</comment></comment></comment>


We're Hiring Engineers All Wrong. Here's How HuffPost Evolved - <AUTHOR> http://www.huffingtonpost.com/alanjohnson/were-hiring-engineers-all-wrong_b_7973484.html <comment> kuni-toko-tachi Whiteboard exercises, homework, and pair programming are ridiculous ways to test a candidate.

Code samples tell me more about an engineer than absurd and contrived and time pressured tests that have no relationship to how real engineers solve problems.

<comment><AUTHOR> Those are tricky though. What if someone doesn't have readily shareable code? I'd argue that if you really deconstruct how you would be evaluating a persons' code, you can probably get the same information by thoughtful questions.</comment></comment>


LinkedIn Staffers Go All-Lives-Matter During 'Dumpster Fire' Meeting on Racism - <AUTHOR> https://www.thedailybeast.com/linkedin-staffers-go-all-lives-matter-during-dumpster-fire-meeting-on-racism <comment><USER2> So no one said anything remotely racist, but it's not the line they're supposed to be toeing.

How dare they have an alternative opinion?</comment>