Toronto would like to be seen as the nice person's Silicon Valley - <AUTHOR> https://www.technologyreview.com/2020/06/17/1003314/toronto-would-like-to-be-seen-as-the-nice-persons-silicon-valley-if-thats-not-too-much-trouble/ <comment><USER2> You can have good companies anywhere in the world. The problem is building and showing demand for whatever you're working on - and the more forward thinking / exotic it is, the more risk-taking people you need around you to make adoption happen.

This is something that reigns in SV, and partially elsewhere in the US also, but is absolutely missing from Europe, for instance. Here in Finland people go to work to get a paycheck, not to rock the boat. Why would they take risks in adopting new tech?

Would be interesting to hear how it is in Canada.</comment>


ASP.net developers disease - <AUTHOR> http://www.beletsky.net/2011/03/aspnet-developers-disease.html

<comment><USER2> Web development - HTML, CSS and Javascript - is not hard, but it's a different mindset from PC programming. Your program's state can't live in global variables: it has to fit inside the HTTP interface. Unfortunately circa-2003 ASP.NET was a leaky abstraction over HTTP.

One misconception common among non-web developers is that web development involves low-level Javascript coding, that you have to constantly worry about cross-browser problems, and that all server interaction goes via <form> and POST. This was true a decade ago, but we have really good frameworks now.</comment>


Ask HN: What simple tools or products are you most proud of making? - <AUTHOR> Previous discussion: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=12957371<p>Here are mine: http://christian.gen.co/projects <comment><USER2> I'm proud of having made [http://write.itskrish.co](http://write.itskrish.co) \-- it's a stream-of-consciousness journalling/writing tool built in React.

The "stream-of-consciousness" bit is enabled by the two key features: you choose a finite duration within which to write, and if you stop typing more than a few seconds, your writing is deleted. This essentially forces you to continuously type for the session, and at least for me and the users I've spoken to, this forces out thoughts/ideas/feelings that otherwise wouldn't have made it to the keyboard.

I've personally been using it routinely for months as a therapeutic journal, and at this point I've practically been Pavlov'd into opening it up whenever I'm under cognitive/emotional duress.

it's open source ([http://github.com/krrishd/write](http://github.com/krrishd/write)), and I appreciate feedback!

<comment><USER3> [http://write.itskrish.co/saved/2017-06-19T19:15:13.029Z](http://write.itskrish.co/saved/2017-06-19T19:15:13.029Z)

It is actually an interesting idea to get "consciousness streams" out there. I'm guessing you meant it as just a one-time thing.. no possibility of editing? But then again... a block of thought.... get it out. Start anew! Nice little project.

<comment><USER2> Yep, no editing is intentional, for that it's best to copy/paste into somewhere better optimized for that experience (working on adding export functionality).

Also just a note: everything is stored locally within your browser, so those links actually break for anyone else besides you

<comment><USER3> Just arrived at work and tried... I see you are right! Interesting!

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER3> I created MyPost ( [https://mypost.io](https://mypost.io) ) as a way to get a page up and running on the Internet in seconds. It was originally made for me... but I really wanted to share it with the world and see if people would find a use for it. I wanted a place where I didn't have to register for any account and could use HTML and CSS (Javascript works to an extent too!) to design web pages. Really, to make or share quick notes when I was working with my clients. It was also a way for them to easily make changes to the post so long as they had a password.

But it can be used for so much more ( [https://mypost.io/post/what-can-i-do- with-mypost](https://mypost.io/post/what-can-i-do-with-mypost) ).

It is completely free to use. I don't have any plans to charge for it, and have not even added advertising or anything to it yet, but it still receives maintenance and updates, though no more major feature implementations are planned. It was my first web app and taught me a lot, from learning the basics of database programming to a friendly UI that could be understood by everyone. My sister, who is not very tech or computer savvy, was the beta tester. Whenever she questioned something or got stuck on something, I redesigned that feature to make it even easier. Whether it was functionality or the wording.. if she questioned it, it was redone.

It boosted my confidence into the web app world. Right now, I've got about 8 more web apps in the works, 3 of which are in the stages of beta testing, and though there is a free version, they will actually be paid subscription to access additional features. So I am proud to boast about this project, as it was the start to my empire.

</comment><comment><USER4> SQLiteProxy - [https://github.com/assafmo/SQLiteProxy](https://github.com/assafmo/SQLiteProxy) \- which has proven itself big time in production the last couple of weeks.

A telegram bot that sends me NBA related tweets from the ESPN Stats & Info twitter - [https://t.me/nbaespnstats](https://t.me/nbaespnstats) \- [https://github.com/assafmo/nba-espn-stats-and-info- telegram-...](https://github.com/assafmo/nba-espn-stats-and-info-telegram-bot) \- which was amazing during the 2017 playoffs and made the whole watching experience awesome for me. The channel also have around 20 followers right now, so I guess others like it to. :-)

A script that downloads all my shows every day - assafmo/DownloadMyEpisodes

</comment><comment><USER5> CronAlarm [https://www.cronalarm.com](https://www.cronalarm.com) \- A cron / scheduled job monitoring service.

My main job requires a ridiculous amount of file and data transfers that are mostly scheduled to run during off-peak hours. I needed a way to centralize the results of these jobs in order to keep tabs on things. I built this as an in-house tool and then discovered a few services already existed for this. I thought my solution offered some things these others didn't, and if somebody was paying these other services I might have some success as well. It's been a lot of fun, and if anyone has any suggestions I'd love to hear them.

</comment><comment><USER6> I've build [http://mockrest.com/](http://mockrest.com/) last week and even did a Show HN at [https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=14537247](https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=14537247).

I've built many things before but why am I proud of this one specifically? Basically because I've built it with no expectations what-so-ever if this thing will ever be needed by someone else but me. Also, I've built it fast (less than 1 week), polished it a bit, and released it as soon as it was working ok-ish..

And why am I proud of being able to build it although it is not complete? Because I used to deal with perfection for so long that I had to force myself to release anything at all. In fact, it used to be very hard for me to even start doing anything for myself, as I would have analysis-paralysis. For quite some time I had to force myself to think "when good is good enough", read a lot of things about that subject, read other people opinions on these things, etc. etc. etc. After figthing with my own perfectionism, it seems that I finally can do things having lower expectations.. That's why I'm proud..

</comment><comment><USER7> I recently polished a little and released a chrome extension to auto skip YouTube ads after they've played enough to ensure the content creator gets paid. Pretty darn happy with it. [https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/youtube-auto-ad- sk...](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/youtube-auto-ad- skipper/ibpnocgpjfpblfhciempjbmahomooiah)

Waiting for Firefox to approve the add-on now.

</comment><comment><USER8> I've built [http://hotcoldtyping.com](http://hotcoldtyping.com), an interactive way to learn touch typing with instant feedbacks with keyglows and graphs based on accuracy.

I've built [http://remindoro.com](http://remindoro.com), a chrome extension to get repeat reminders.

[http://palerdot.in/moon-phase-visualizer/](http://palerdot.in/moon-phase- visualizer/) \- A simple web demo to understand moon's phases and eclipses.

All of these stuffs are open source (my github - [https://github.com/palerdot](https://github.com/palerdot)) and I'm proud of these tools

</comment><comment><USER9> I am proud of making LiveForm ([https://liveformhq.com/](https://liveformhq.com/)) and GetSimpleForm ([https://getsimpleform.com/](https://getsimpleform.com/)). Both are simple products which allow users to integrate contact forms seamlessly in their websites. However, their use by others gives me great pleasure. A very recent user of LiveForm is using it to do translations! A user submits a scanned document with some extra information using LiveForm and my customer translates the text for a fee :)

</comment><comment><USER10> StoryGrabber - [http://stories.rpeden.com/](http://stories.rpeden.com/)

Just a little tech news aggregator I put together using React and Node. Pulls the top 10 stories from HN and a bunch of subreddits, and pushes updates to the browser every 15 minutes via socket.io.

I've still got plenty of improvements to make to it, but I'm trying to break the habit of working on side projects that I don't ship. So I've shipped this one, even though I won't consider it 'done' for quite a while yet. :)

<comment><USER11> Is it open source?

I'm also doing something similar with the same stack and would love to see how you did the sockets integration...

</comment></comment><comment><USER12> I am working (on my spare time) on canSnippet for the last few years. I made a very first web-based version [https://github.com/ademcan/canSnippet](https://github.com/ademcan/canSnippet) and I recently released a desktop version for macOS (Windows and Linux are coming...) [https://www.cansnippet.com/](https://www.cansnippet.com/). I got very good and positive feedback so far :)

</comment><comment><USER13> Plsm ([https://github.com/jhartwell/Plsm](https://github.com/jhartwell/Plsm)). It was my first Elixir project and I have almost 10 times more stars on the project than my next highest project. I was also complimented on how clean the code was, and this was only a month into learning Elixir.

</comment><comment><USER14> I'm a fan of [https://freethepodcast.com/](https://freethepodcast.com/)

I found a naive, yet effective way of adblocking podcasts which is easily scalable. Although it's not yet released, early access is close to releasing and I'm hoping that it takes off. Really proud of it because it's incredibly cross-dimensional (i.e., marketing, programming, &c.) and that having a podcast adblocker is non-trivial problem to solve.

<comment><USER15> I would be afraid of legal implications. It's one thing to block ads on web, where every element is basically a stand alone datafile and it's interpretation is by design the matter of client. But in podcast, you are essentially taking someone's copyrighted audio file, modifying it and redistributing the modified version without consent of the original producer. Or am I missing something?

</comment></comment><comment><USER16> [http://mp.soundshelter.net/](http://mp.soundshelter.net/) \- Get a playlist of your most listened to tracks on Spotify

Not because it was technically difficult, but because it solved a problem that me and seemingly hundreds of other people who signed up are having.

<comment> ng-user Kickass! I love the idea and I'm genuinely surprised it's not covered with Spotify itself. You've got another user :)

</comment></comment><comment><USER17> Many small things, from compilers, IDE and mail client to a bitcoin node, magnet simulator and video-to-3D model thingy.

None of it is public, however, for obvious reasons.</comment>


Highcharts: JavaScript Charts that don't suck - <AUTHOR> http://www.highcharts.com/

<comment><USER3> You should really take a look at Ajax.org, they show some of the smoothest interactive 3D javascript plots i have ever seen. I have just submitted it in the new section.

[http://www.ajax.org/public/presentation/tae/presentation2.ht...](http://www.ajax.org/public/presentation/tae/presentation2.html)

</comment><comment><USER4> I strongly recommend Protovis:

<http://vis.stanford.edu/protovis/ex/>

If graphael gets into shape it might be decent as well.

<comment><USER5> A cursory look suggests that Protovis doesn't work in IE. Is that correct?

<comment><USER6> Its IE8 that has the issues it seems - switch to compatiblity mode and it eventually renders.

<comment><USER7> I'm just getting "[object Error]" in IE7 with nothing beyond that - <USER2> rendering.

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER8> I've explore a bunch of JS libraries in the past - here are some thoughts:

Flot and Flotr are definitely past favorites, and its usage has felt the most natural

PlotKit (<http://www.liquidx.net/plotkit/>) - MochiKit-based, visually nice but not as well documented or, apparently, nearly as extensive as some of the other options

RGraph - an HTML5 canvas library, but pretty basic and definitely easy the least visually appealing

Highcharts definitely looks like it has the nicest animations of any of the previous ones, and also definitely has the best documentation / demo gallery. Thumbs up - definitely coming this way the next time I need a nice graphing library!

<comment><USER9> plotkit is kinda nice, but you can't plot multiple lines on the same graph well. You can, but by default, it distinguishes between different lines by coloring the area underneath it. And when you do, it's all opaque. If you try to color the lines themselves, it turns ugly.

</comment></comment><comment><USER10> Maybe this is asking too much, but I'm seeing a ton of different recommendations in the comments - anyone have experience with many (or at least more than one) of these options and wouldn't mind going into some of the differences that stood out to them?

I've Googled in the past but haven't found too many great reviews comparing some of these choices side-by-side - most seem to regurgitate the feature sets as opposed to going into the level of detail that would be most helpful for a developer.

</comment><comment><USER11> Has anyone used the paid versions of Highcharts or any others mentioned in this thread? What do you think of the Highcharts price points - $80 for single commercial site, $360 for multiple sites?

I'm working on a graphing app too and trying to decide my pricing.

<comment><USER12> It's very cheap but then you get what you pay for.

The best and fully featured graphing capabilities are from Dundas imo (www.dundas.com). They charge about $3000 / developer licence and then $3000 / server that you run it on.

If you priced it somewhere between the two and it had a good feature set I might bite. It would have to support printing though (and generating a PDF would be a big plus)

<comment><USER11> Thanks for the info, smiler. I can tell you PDF will definitely be there, so printing will follow. It would be helpful if you could share more about your use cases. Dundas looks mainly aimed at .Net development; is that what you need it for?

Email me at firstname.lastname@example.com and I'll put you on our early adopters discount list.

<comment><USER12> Use cases are pretty simple - building reports for MIS, corporate systems etc... all of them use Windows servers so asp.net is the standard for development hence Dundas

<comment><USER11> OK. Well, I won't promise too much but would be happy to help you try out our initial offering. Feel free to email me or look out for my Ask HN review post in the next few weeks. Cheers!

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER13> Anyone have experience with Flot?

<comment><USER14> Yes, we use Flot to visualize some pretty beefy data with many data points. Flot has some very nice features and is a reasonably active project.

The big problem I see with a project like Highcharts (and other Flot alternatives I've tried) is that features like animation and pretty aesthetics are center stage while performance is typically hugely lacking. We've driven Flot to its limit, and by far I can say that the winner of JS charting APIs is going to be the library that can perform well not just on Chrome but on Internet Explorer too.

We've charted things here that take under 1 second to render in Firefox/Chrome/Safari while taking 10-15 minutes with the CPU pegged (yes, you read that correctly) in IE.

We've gotten around it with a bit of work, but it's still a glaring problem for the APIs, and a glaring problem for projects that use HTML5 canvas, can't use excanvas.js with the Silverlight patch, but do need to serve up JS-powered charts to clients still on IE6/IE7.

<comment><USER15> Raphaël is pretty fast even on Explorer:

<http://raphaeljs.com/>

<comment><USER16> You also have the gRaphaël library, Raphaël specifically for charts: <http://g.raphaeljs.com/>

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER17> I prefer <http://www.jqplot.com/> it's free and open source.

</comment><comment><AUTHOR> I'm a big fan of charts, and I'm glad to see someone made a good non-flash interactive chart solution.

<comment><USER18> 2 years ago I built chartwidget . <http://demo.chartidget.com>

I haven't quite kept up with javascript charting recently. I was aiming to build a google finance/yahoo finance competitor. The thing that always surprised me about google finance/yahoo finance charts was that they didn't take advantage of data already in the browser. When their flash charts would try to plot a moving average, they would make another request back to the server for more data, Why? The browser already has enough data to derive the moving average.

<comment><AUTHOR> I think you meant: <http://demo.chartwidget.com/>

<comment><USER18> thanks, I'm a dummy

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER19> The splines are nice: [http://www.highcharts.com/demo/?example=spline- symbols&t...](http://www.highcharts.com/demo/?example=spline- symbols&theme=default)

</comment><comment><USER5> I'll have to look more into this library. I'm glad to see it uses SVG and VML (edit: oops - plus Canvas). That seems like the right fit for this problem, since SVG and VML have pretty close models and that way you can have native vector graphics in all browsers.

Edit 2: I have a question. Are the charts on the Demo page drawing so slowly because of someone's clever idea of an animation? Or does the library actually draw that slowly?

</comment><comment><USER20> I've been using Google's Visualization API's for my latest work and I've been really happy with it. The API is in JS but I believe there are hooks for Python and other languages too.

<http://code.google.com/apis/visualization/>

</comment><comment><USER21> The problem with all these graphing libraries is that it's non-trivial to post the graphs elsewhere. If you have a data driven website then your users are going to want to share your graphs on facebook, twitter, forums. If you don't make it easy you're giving away a huge amount of free traffic.

</comment><comment><USER22> Surprised no one has mentioned Emprise yet. <http://ejschart.com/> Their website is not the nicest but their charts are very good, also pure Javascript, and their pricing is reasonable. We've used the library with success in a couple of projects.

</comment><comment><USER23> SIMILE's Timeplot (<http://www.simile-widgets.org/timeplot/>) is great but more specialized. Great for browsing huge datasets.

</comment><comment><USER24> I'm looking for multiple, as in more than two, independent y-axis.

<comment><USER25> Flot is capable of this: <http://people.iola.dk/olau/flot/examples/dual- axis.html>

<comment><USER24> Thank example show only two, but the text seems to say you can do more.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER26> The charts in the demo section look uglier than Excel charts.

<comment><USER27> I think the charts in the demo section look good, save for the unfortunate choices of bland yet mismatched colors ([http://www.highcharts.com/demo/?example=area-stacked- percent...](http://www.highcharts.com/demo/?example=area-stacked- percent&theme=default)).

I would prefer bland but matched colors.

</comment></comment><comment><USER12> Print a graph and you get a blank space. Useless

<comment><USER28> You can make sure an image appears in place of the chart with a css-file for printing-purposes only. (Or do it the other way around. By default show an image and use JS to replace that image with a chart when possible.)

</comment></comment><comment><USER29> Nice, but pretty slow to render for me (on FF3.5). Actually it's more that it pauses at about one quarter rendered and looks broken for a second before it finally renders.

<comment><USER30> It's pretty darn slick on safari 4.0.4 on an iMac.

<comment><USER31> It doesnt display on IE8. That pretty much makes it useless as far as I'm concerned.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER32> Bullet graphs and sparklines as default chart options please? After Tufte and Few, I basically look for these first when evaluating any chart library.

<comment><AUTHOR> Like this?

<http://omnipotent.net/jquery.sparkline/>

</comment></comment><comment><USER33> Anyone got a good JS map chart?

<comment><USER25> <http://code.google.com/apis/chart/types.html#maps>

<comment><USER33> Yeah, other than google maps :)

Specifically: I want a JS map library that can read SVG maps and render in a canvas. I think I'm gonna have to build it myself.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER34> Why does doesn't suck = as good as excel?

</comment><comment><USER35> I recommend Fusion charts free (and opensource) (it's flash though)</comment>


Ask HN: Case management plaform for community response to sars-cov-2 - <AUTHOR> I'm in the UK. Organizations are forming networks of support groups for local areas within the UK. These groups will have organizers and volunteers who will identify people in isolation and provide them with simple needs: Shopping, Emotional support, Small errands etc.
I've familiar with some case management platforms that might help facilitate this process but I wanted to reach out to the HN community to see if anyone knew of any open source case management platforms which might fit the above use case?
Org page: https://www.facebook.com/CovidAidUK <comment><USER2> What is a case management platform? What are the requirements of such a system? What benefit do they provide?</comment>


Milagro: Distributed Cryptosystem for Cloud Computing - <AUTHOR> http://milagro.incubator.apache.org/ <comment><USER2> I see a lot of talk and little substance.

"You can have 128bit security with a 4 digit pin"....

No, No you can't. A 4 digit pin is 14 bit security. Any system is only as secure as its weakest link.

It's not a password it's a pin... Dear god, how have we not got past this yet.

While it's good to see an acceptance that iot is fundamentally unworkable on current infrastructure. I am a long way from being convinced this will be it's saviour.

EDIT:Furthermore: [https://github.com/apache/incubator-milagro- crypto/blob/mast...](https://github.com/apache/incubator-milagro- crypto/blob/master/java64/TestMPIN.java) /* Client and Server are issued secrets by DTA */

HELL NO.!.!.!.!.!

<comment><USER3> I just learned about Milagro through this submission and only looked at a fraction of the docs but as someone who is not a cryptographer but put some effort into understanding pairing based cryptograph, I find the documentation excellent so far.

> No, No you can't. A 4 digit pin is 14 bit security. Any system is only as > secure as its weakest link.

As far as I understand it, the PIN is used to secure a secret key for a 128bit security cryptosystem against key compromise. Like password protection on ssh keys, this provides stronger security than unprotected keys but I think this PIN is actually part of an interactive proof to protect against offline attacks.

The downside of Identity Based Encryption is that you need a master secret key (aside: I think we shoud find a less loaded term like root secret key) to derive the client secrets. The DTA is a way to avoid a single authority in posession of this root secret through secret sharing. Sharing in secret sharing is not copying but splitting into shares. I'm not yet sure if it works like I think it works but I think they use secure multiparty computation to use a shared root secret to derive shares of the client secrets that the clients combine to obtain their secret. That would be really awesome and about the best we can do before more powerful cryptography (functional encryption, fully homomorphic encryption etc.) becomes practical.

<comment><USER2> Exactly. its a password limited to 4 digits. And why? That gives you no more than 14 bit security even using a decent system like PBKDF2. Which i see no mention of.

secrets are just that - secret.

The only reason I know of that secrets need sharing is when you are running a key escrow system. Other than that secrets are locked away and used as rarely as possible. Never ever ever transmitted from machine to machine. Thats the key problem in crypto (pun intended). Stuff you transmit cant and wont stay secret.

<comment><USER3> Having read a little further, I think offline attacks are possible and 4 digits alone are useless today but that still does not weaken the security level. You need a key, whether you choose to use a password or not.

Correct me if I'm wrong but I don't see secret keys transmitted. The DTAs issue shares of the secret keys that are then combined. Also, transmitting secrets really is a motivating use case for cryptography.

<comment><USER2> they are creating a secret key by sending chunks of secret keys (with a mention of a blockchain database - not sure why). Or at least thats what i saw in the code comments.

secret in cryptography has a very special meaning - it refers to the part of the communication process you dont want visible.

encryption is actually mostly a solved problem. There are several good algorithms which are fine with no real problems.

The problems are all in establishing keys. For that there are currently only two choices in use. ecdh. which all the standard curves appear to be backdoored. and rsa, which the russians reckon they have broken.

the dta is just another key sharing scheme. needed. but not one that gives up on all the comsec we have gained so far.

do you not find it dishonest that they claim for example, that the uk government is using it already, but then it turns put it doesn't actually exist beyond a few lines of poc code.

<comment><USER3> I found some mention of a blockchain here: [https://github.com/milagro- docs/docs.milagro.io-english/blob...](https://github.com/milagro- docs/docs.milagro.io- english/blob/a4d8088150183c48fe7184bb5a59557a965d78d5/milagro-a-case-for- something-new-part-2.md)

and here: [https://github.com/milagro-docs/docs.milagro.io- english/blob...](https://github.com/milagro-docs/docs.milagro.io- english/blob/a4d8088150183c48fe7184bb5a59557a965d78d5/milagro-distributed- trust-proposal.md)

For my taste, that's tying way too many systems and thinking about the operation and how to get a chain of trust out of it boggles the mind.

edit: Since you show enthusiasm for the topic, I'd like to share the most reasonable approaches for key distribution I found so far: [http://named- data.net/publications/schematizing_trust_ndn/](http://named- data.net/publications/schematizing_trust_ndn/) and [http://named- data.net/publications/techreports/ndn-0034-2-na...](http://named- data.net/publications/techreports/ndn-0034-2-nac/)

<comment><USER2> Nice. I've found openpgp to be fit for purpose, there's even a js version for apps now: [https://openpgpjs.org/](https://openpgpjs.org/)

But still run into US import/export control problems with decent encryption. IMHO we can never have a standard as long as the US is involved in creating the standard, with obviously something never standing a chance of becoming a standard without the US being involved.

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER4> Okay, here is what I think this is

\- It is a straight forward combination of two forms of encryption from pairing cryptography world. Identity Based Encryption and Threshold Encryption.

\- In Identity based encryption, your public key and private key is generated by an identity provider based on an identity string provided to it. This allows encrypting messages to party that hasn't yet recieved the keys. This work has been around for ages.

\- Milagro proposes to distribute the trusted third party by having multiple identity providers. The public key and private key are formed from a threshold encryption/ decryption procedure.

<comment><USER5> Rogaway has some concerning things to say about IBE here:

[http://web.cs.ucdavis.edu/~rogaway/papers/moral- fn.pdf](http://web.cs.ucdavis.edu/~rogaway/papers/moral-fn.pdf)

It'd be a tangent, except that Milagro proposes to alter the TLS handshake to accommodate their scheme.

<comment><USER3> Thanks for the link. I think I saw his talk about the topic and that milagro resonates well with it. The use of threshold encryption works around an unfortunate aspect of IBE and is practical today.

PS: As I grow older, I become more accepting of the fact that state power is not going anywhere soon. If multiple authorities (preferably under different jurisdictions) can be coerced into deriving client secrets for law enforcement with proper oversight, like public visibilty of the amount intervention and auditabilty by data protection officers, that would be acceptable to me and better than outlawing homebrewed encryption or more drastic backdooring measures.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER6> [http://docs.milagro.io/en/milagro-a-case-for-something- new-p...](http://docs.milagro.io/en/milagro-a-case-for-something-new- part-1.html)

Finally. We need for the security community to jolt themselves out of their unhealthy focus on PKI based TLS as the be-all and end-all for client-server communication... which has been driven by web browsers as the main use-case for the last couple of decades -- to something better and more secure for the new mobile world. Not sure Milargo presents a complete solution but hopefully it sparks a dialog for better solutions for native apps and IoT world.

[http://www.infoworld.com/article/3016733/application- develop...](http://www.infoworld.com/article/3016733/application- development/in-search-of-a-cure-for-slow-mobile-downloads.html)

</comment><comment><USER7> There is little information about what this is exactly on the site (but lots of words.) And since their proposal is just "TBC" at the moment, I'll see if I can give it a shot...

Milagro uses 'Pairing-Based Cryptography' to do better decentralization of trust. This concept was new to me, briefly it seems like it uses special constructs of elliptic curves to provide zero-knowledge proofs and Diffie- Hellman style key exchange.

So, instead of using CAs and certificates to prove identity, this system would use indnividual pairings for authorization and would end up being more decentralized.

With M-PIN that is a big part of this library, you can have signatures but also upgrade to full key agreement and PFS, with a standard protocol that has been around since 2002.

What I am unsure about is how the decentralization will work, especially compared to just having CAs cross-sign keys. Seems like you will always need to ultimately have some trust anchor somewhere? Or can have a Perspectives- like 'network notary' system?

<comment> shawn-butler Milagro envisions a new class of cryptographic service providers called Distributed Trust Authorities, or D-TAs for short.

The purpose of a D-TA is to independently issue shares, or fractions, of cryptographic keys to Milagro clients and servers and application endpoints which have embedded Milagro cryptographic libraries. D-TAs operate independently from each other, are isolated in totality, and completely unaware of the existence of other D-TAs.

In practice, a Distributed Trust Authority (D-TA) framework would split the functions of a pairing-based key generation server into three services, each D-TA issuing thirds of private keys to distinct identities.

</comment></comment><comment><USER8> Great.

Now, if instead of starting with a half-baked implementation in Java that involves 36 configuration files and an artisanally sculpted Maven build, how about we make a spec, in terms of API docs and compliance tests.

Anything conforming to the spec which passes the tests is considered a valid implementation.

(Had to get that off my chest. Thanks.)

<comment> T-A Looks like Python to me: [https://github.com/apache/incubator-milagro-mfa- server](https://github.com/apache/incubator-milagro-mfa-server)

The core MFA library seems to be C, with a bunch of implementations (wrappers?) in Java, C#, JS, Python, Go and Swift:

[https://github.com/apache/incubator-milagro- crypto](https://github.com/apache/incubator-milagro-crypto)

<comment><USER8> I admit I didn't even look at any code. I've been conditioned to have expectations in-line with my rant.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER9> So one of the key benefits of this system is that two (or more) distributed CA's issue the certificate so if one is compromised (or the government demands access) the server (and client) are still safe?

</comment><comment><USER10> _" Apache Milagro (incubating) establishes a new internet security framework purpose-built for cloud-connected app-centric software and IoT devices that require Internet scale."_

Are they trying to achieve some kind of 'most buzzwords per sentence' world record or smth?

</comment><comment><USER8> Milagro is Spanish for "Miracle".

</comment><comment><USER11> Excellent [cheap] tequila, by the way!</comment>


Windows93 SP2 - <AUTHOR> http://www.windows93.net/# <comment><USER4> I've been staring at the half life 3 loading screen for the last 6 hours. I don't think it's going to start.

<comment><USER5> .. Also, probably unsurprisingly, vulve is french for Vulva.

<comment><USER6> Neither of which is the company name, Valve.

<comment><USER7> I think it's supposed to be a joke.

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER8> Just a suggestion... Open up the calculator and do 0/0.

<comment><USER9> now I get the urge to build a physical calculator that explodes if you try to calculate 0/0 :D

<comment><USER10> Or you can be lazy and watch this mechanical adding machine divide by zero: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=443B6f_4n6k](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=443B6f_4n6k)

<comment><USER9> Awesome! :D

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER11> This site is my favorite page to put full-screen on coworkers' computers when they forget to lock their screens.

<comment><USER12> Good idea:)

</comment></comment><comment><USER13> I was going to protest the full Lena image without a NSFW warning, but hadn't realised the full story of its history[1]...

The site in general is a beautiful work of art, a great blend of attention to detail with comedy of computing in that era.

[1][https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenna](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenna) \- tl;dr is this iconic test picture for computer imaging was a cropped Playboy centerfold from 1972. I've just finished a PhD which included a fair bit of image processing, but I was unaware of the story behind this iconic image.

<comment><USER14> You were going to protest it? And do you think anyone would care about your protest? Do you really expect everyone else to annotate the entire internet on your behalf? Despite the fact that this is a totally random, joke website that is almost certainly not work related?

What about people in countries or workplaces where "unacceptable" is a far broader and more oppressive net than "contains nudity", or places where nudity is fine? For whom do we annotate the internet? Maybe you should just disable auto-load of images in your browser or install a nudity filter.

This is insane.

<comment><USER15> You're overreacting to a very small and not very relevant part of their comment which probably just meant "making a comment about the NSFW nature of the image". Not "i'm going to make a sign and force everyone to stop using this website".

Calling this insane is... insane

<comment><USER14> Who complains about stuff on someone else's website not being tagged NSFW? It's their website, they didn't name it workrelated.com -- I just thought "protest" sounded a little extreme and a sign of our sensitive new culture, where we each expect everyone else to tiptoe around us. Maybe I misinterpreted.

<comment><USER13> Protest here was more of 'make a comment on'...

I think its a cool site. I was thinking of showing it to high school students I teach summer courses to, but its probably not appropriate for them. That's why labels are helpful - nude images weren't ok in schools or work in the 'old culture' either. As art or entertainment (as this website in general was intended), I think there is wide license to the creator, but I think there is still some duty to a website creator to consider what else people might want to use it for.

<comment><USER16> > I think there is still some duty to a website creator to consider what else > people might want to use it for.

I could not disagree more with this opinion. The creator presumably hosts this website on her own dime & invested the time and effort to create this piece of art - and you are connecting to their server, free of charge. I don't see how you could reasonably claim that they have a "duty" to do anything.

You're right that an image of a nude woman would be make this unacceptable in a school setting - however, it is _your_ duty to vet the content that you show in class, not the other way around.

Finally, I don't see what educational purpose this would serve - as it's not like this is actually an OS, perhaps as an example of html5/js programming or nostalgia. In fact the whole thing is a JS app, so there is nothing stopping you from running it locally, where you can edit to your heart's content. Ironically the first JS file I clicked on (desktop.js) contains the shortcut definitions for the desktop.

<comment><USER13> I think you've amplified an out-of-context statement to try and start an argument, and in fact part of my point is that the main responsibility would go to the teacher. But I would say there is still some responsibility for a creator - duty can be held by multiple parties. As an analogy, if I were to break my leg cycling on someone else's private property, there may be some liability held by the land owner depending on the circumstances and jurisdiction. Hence the popularity of 'No Trespassing' signs in these jurisdictions. My background is in medical device design, and we are trained to obsess over the ways that users might cause harm through incorrectly using a product - even if this incorrect use is from ignoring the instructions. If an artist made a sculpture, they may be responsible if the sculpture crumbled onto someone.

As an educational purpose - my idea would be mainly to show it as a fun start to a discussion around product design evolution, computing history, and emulators. The kids I teach were born about a decade after this era of computing, and it would be interesting to see what they perceive to be similar and different. Most of these students have done very little or no coding themselves so the implementation isn't relevant for this use.

<comment><USER16> My purpose was not to start an argument and I certainly respect your right to an opinion, I just strongly disagree.

I don't think an artist has a duty to anyone but themselves, especially on the internet. Should medical devices be designed so that they don't harm people? Definitely. But the factor there is that you're actively selling/distributing it to the public - or at the very least, you are making certain guarantees about the function of the device.

This website/artwork makes no such guarantees and as such I don't see how you can reasonably expect that it should tailored to any specific audience. Again, in the time that you and I have spent commenting on this - you could have either PM'd a mod to add a NSFW tag to the title, or modified the site itself to suit your needs - that's what's awesome about the internet.

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER17> The part that impressed me the most is you can drag and drop files from your own desktop onto this. It even opens those files in it's own editors when you double click the icon.

</comment><comment><USER18> Woah shameless plug, my game is "Windows93 SP2" compatible it seems - <USER2> click on desktop - Create shortcut. Command: iframe [https://data.mo.ee/index2.html?inapp=steam&node- webkit=1](https://data.mo.ee/index2.html?inapp=steam&node-webkit=1) \--width=1280 --height=720

Title: RPG MO

(Don't leave a space before iframe in the command)

</comment><comment><USER19> This is a work of art. The ProgressQuest game loading screen is one of the funniest things I've seen in a while. Like all well-told jokes, it's in the timing.

<comment><USER20> It's been a good joke for a while, let it run in the bg of your workstation for years and see how high a level you can get! [http://progressquest.com/](http://progressquest.com/)

<comment><USER21> This concept has also been adopted on IRC as IdleRPG.

I guess it's an in-joke about people leaving IRC-clients running in persistent shell-sessions and never checking in.

That said, it _can_ be a lot of fun :)

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER22> Back button goes back to previous app. If this can get the back button to work correctly why can't Google AMP?

<comment><USER23> You call that correctly? It's a nightmare

</comment></comment><comment><USER24> Awesome that this even work well on mobile browsers!

Is this open source? So we could see how it was made?

<comment><USER25> Amazing that this was built in HTML/JS/CSS.

<comment><USER26> Terrifying one might say

<comment><USER21> Well. It's still certainly _easier_ than writing it from scratch, or through C/C++ and Windows GDI APIs.

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER27> Finally, an operating system for my Android phone that will let me do useful stuff, like playing Wolfenstallman 3D!!

</comment><comment><USER28> "Safari is the new Internet Explorer"

Accidental "works best in browser X" 90s reference right there.

I find Safari superior to every other browser on any platform in every possible metric except for dev tools, which took a nose dive when they ditched the open source WebKit one for this calamity.

<comment><USER29> The joke isn't "works best in IE" the joke is "Safari is the default browser that ships with the OS, few people get a better browser, and even though it's a piece of shit you have to continue supporting it."

 _> I find Safari superior to every other browser on any platform in every possible metric except for dev tools_

I could remove nearly 15% of my CSS if I stopped supporting Safari at work and I wouldn't need a hundred different quirky workarounds to make the sites look even remotely how they're supposed to look. It fights me every inch of the way and then has some of the worst dev tools for debugging where any issues are.

I'd rather support IE8 for eternity if it means I never have to write another `@media screen and (min-color-index:0) and(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio:0) {}` in my CSS again.

<comment><USER28> I've been writing CSS for years, everyday, don't remember the last problem I've had with Safari or any other modern browser, as a matter of fact.

I do get an ocasional glitch with Firefox, but it's very rare.

Perhaps if you described the problems you experienced instead of the hacks you are using to identify Safari this could be a more fruitful conversation.

Safari is a freaking amazing browser, lots of people use it by choice.

>I'd rather support IE8 for eternity…

I don't think you know what you're saying.

<comment><USER29> I create websites for the healthcare industry. I know exactly what I'm saying. There are some clients that I still need to write IE7 fallbacks for - and a single client that I still write _IE6 fallbacks_ for. Lucky for me our contract has dropped IE7-9 support by default unless it is specifically requested by the client.

Apologies, but offhand I can only think of flexbox issues (specifically related to wrap/min-width, which has been fixed in version 11) and with interactive form validation (which was only just fixed in version 10 or 10.1). I run into various issues when testing on iPhones and the largest section of edits caught in any internal QC are _always_ iPhone/Safari related. With relative certainty nowadays - if it works in Firefox, it works in Chrome and Edge. But then I always need to write some workaround or another for Safari.

The biggest issue is that even when these bugs are fixed - I still need to support them for an extended period of time because for whatever godforsaken reason, Safari updates are tied together with operating system updates. Want the newest Safari? Buy a new iPhone. It's the Windows XP/IE8 problem. Where IE8 had to be supported only because many users were still using XP and couldn't upgrade to IE9 even if they wanted to.

<comment><USER28> Safari is not an evergreen browser and that's a fair criticism.

However, you can run the latest browser and OS (and most people do) on a 5 year old device, which is about as much as the battery will last anyway. The situation is much worse on Android.

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER30> Took a cursory look for now; few things I love:

\- Half Life 3

\- Defrag <3.

\- Running Windows93 inside Windows93 inside Windows93 inside Windows93...

A work of art, indeed. Kudos!

</comment><comment><USER31> bug report: i broke it by making a folder on the desktop, opening the folder, and putting the folder in itself.

now it's crashed and won't reload.

is there a work around for my workflow?

<comment><USER32> Amiga (Kickstart 1.2 or 1.3 I think) had a similar bug, except the folder just disappeared forever.

</comment></comment><comment><USER33> > /c/files/documents/private/SUPER TOP PRIVATE/THIS IS PRIVATE STOP/WHAT ARE > YOU DOING/WHAT STOP PLEASE/I DID NOT GIVE YOU PERMISSION/PRIVATE GET THE > HELL OUT/YOUR HURTING ME STOP/HOW HAVE I WRONGED YOU/I WILL PUNCH YOU IN THE > FACE/PLEASE STOP ITS PRIVATE/I HATE YOU/

fair enough.

</comment><comment><USER34> At first, I thought this is a VNC connecting to a Win93 in a virtual machine.

Then I realized everything is written with web technology.

<comment><USER21> > At first, I thought this is a VNC connecting to a Win93 in a virtual > machine.

That would be very impressive, considering that Windows 93 never existed.

<comment><USER35> What do you mean, that's it exactly right there on the site :)

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER36> That's clearly a labor of love. Nice job!

</comment><comment><USER37> This is awesome!

It's also quite buggy (chrome/linux) which adds to the whole Windows 9x feeling. Not sure if intentional but well done anyhow!

<comment><USER38> I run the same(ish) as you. How are you killing it? It's been stable for me so far.

<comment><USER39> There are many javascript errors for me in Firefox.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER40> You can actually win the game in the solitaire clone; the minesweeper clone not so much.

<comment><USER41> Game -> Options -> Troll mode

Uncheck that box and you'll have a chance :D

</comment></comment><comment><USER42> Best ratio of Comedy:Operating System that I could have ever imagined.

</comment><comment><USER43> Inspired. Microsoft should learn from this and include the "Reinstall" button in the start menu of windows 11.

<comment><USER44> [http://i.imgur.com/owqqiLA.png](http://i.imgur.com/owqqiLA.png)

</comment></comment><comment><USER45> Making Arena93 full-screen (within Windows93) hard-crashed my Mac! (MacOS 10.12.4, using Chrome 58)

<comment><USER43> Crashed (or rather made it unresponsive pegging the cpu) my firefox but not sure how it could possibly crash your OS.

<comment><USER46> WebGL is one of the ripest sources of web vulnerabilities right now. Probably crashed the video card driver.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER47> I saw that RSS icon and my first instinct was to check and see if Java needed an update.

</comment><comment><USER48> Take a look at A:\system32.dll

I wonder how many hours I could waste looking for more Easter eggs ;]

<comment><USER49> > yo, please don't delete me

Nice :)

<comment><USER50> Do delete it.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER51> There is one thing missing for a complete experience: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BonziBuddy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BonziBuddy)

</comment><comment><USER21> This site has a uncanny attention to detail: The C-drive inside "Virtual PC" differs from the C-drive in the "host OS"!

Given that kind of zealotry, it irks me that you can launch an infinite amount of nested "Virtual PCs". Obviously it makes for some fun screenshots and is technically impressive in itself, but Windows early on never allowed you to run Virtual PC inside Virtual PC. So this is clearly _wrong_!

In short, not considering OCD, where do I file the bug-report? :)

</comment><comment><USER52> So apparently Symantec Endpoint Protection thinks that the Virtual PC app is some kind of "Fake App Attack", and thus cuts off network communication for 600 seconds.

Curious.

</comment><comment><USER53> Where is the project hosted?

I'd like to throw some event handlers on "Puke Data" to allow changes to the dsp graph.

</comment><comment><USER54> Take a look at GAFA3D (near Defrag icon). There is an interesting level called "Operation Stallman" ;-)

<comment><USER55> That's Wolfenstein 3D with some tasteless changes of game art. I think there are no changes in level layouts.

</comment></comment><comment><USER56> Just need an IRC gateway for trollbox

</comment><comment><USER57> Just curious, is anyone else hearing popping sounds when they click on various things? Unsure if its intentional, and if so, trying to emulate an old hard disk seeking or speakers popping from interference.

Otherwise, kudos to the devs for creating this amazing work of art!

<comment><USER21> Windows 95 made a click-sound by default when activating things iirc.

It was one of the things I very quickly disabled upon new installations :)

<comment><USER57> Ah! Very interesting! TIL. Thanks!

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER58> Pity the Run dialog doesn't work, I wanted to try "c:\nul\nul" [0]

[0] [http://windowsitpro.com/security/device-names-crash- win9598](http://windowsitpro.com/security/device-names-crash-win9598)

</comment><comment><USER59> This is the OS of the future!

</comment><comment><USER60> I am impressed they went to the extents of making Wolfenstein 3D levels.

<comment><USER61> I suspect it just uses the original levels as is. I replayed E1M1, and literally every single thing - items, secrets, even wall decorations - <USER3> where it was in the original map (don't ask me why I still remember these things...). The only differences are in replaced graphics. Also, the secret room elevator does take you to the secret map, which, at the first glance, also looked like the right thing.

</comment></comment><comment><USER62> This allowed me to make a folder named CON. Literally unplayable.

</comment><comment><USER63> Virtual PC inception [http://imgur.com/XRWSiHe](http://imgur.com/XRWSiHe)

</comment><comment><USER11> You can actually right-click on the files in the "file explorer" and download them to your desktop IRL.

</comment><comment><USER64> I can't get my HL3 to work, anyone has a fix? I took three days of from work, and now this.

</comment><comment><USER65> I came here to use my fav browser, IE 3. You could add bookmarks and it supported CSS I believe.

:(

</comment><comment><USER66> I loved the "Troll mode" in Mine Sweeper :-D

Serious hard work went into this site.

</comment><comment><USER67> Half-Life 3 confirmed!

<comment><USER68> I have been waiting for a while, and am not entirely sure I believe you.

</comment></comment><comment><USER69> If only Windows 9X had these kind of slick animations...

</comment><comment><USER70> ByteBeat plays a familiar tune, it's pretty catchy.

</comment><comment><USER71> bananamp playlist please, I googled it without success.

</comment><comment><USER72> In castle gafa, what does the amazon computer do?

</comment><comment><USER73> Solitude does not accept drag and drop on android

</comment><comment><USER74> I really miss Defrag. It is zen to watch.

</comment><comment><USER75> Would webasm port make this actually real?

<comment><USER35> But it is real.

</comment></comment><comment><USER76> Can I type Google into Google somewhere?

</comment><comment><USER77> Brilliant! Kudos to the authors

</comment><comment><USER78> Is there a code repo for this?

</comment><comment><USER79> >~/desktop ls

MANIFESTO.lnk42

3d.lnk42

Arena 93.lnk42

...snip...

>~/desktop dir

dir is not defined

interesting

</comment><comment><USER80> This was (intentionally?) painful on my Nexus 5. Interesting nonetheless. I suppose it wouldn't be windows93 without some degree of discomfort.</comment>


Show HN: Golang Websocket Chat Room Server - <AUTHOR> https://github.com/dafinley/websocket <comment><AUTHOR> There's an ios and android app setup to work with it: [https://github.com/dafinley/twilio-video-app- android](https://github.com/dafinley/twilio-video-app-android) [https://github.com/dafinley/twilio-video-app- ios](https://github.com/dafinley/twilio-video-app-ios)</comment>


Eric Schmidt's "5 Exabytes" Quote is a Load of Crap - <AUTHOR> http://themetricsystem.rjmetrics.com/eric-schmidts-5-exabytes-quote-is-a-load-of-c <comment><USER2> The figure I've heard is that the _data_ generated doubles every year (here, "data" can mean web pages, logs, transactions, etc.) . Therefore, it follows that every year we create as much data as in all the previous years combined ( sum_i 2^i = 2^(i+1) ).

If we created X amount of data in 2003, then, 7 years later, we're creating 128X as much data; which roughly works out to X every 3 days.

<comment><USER3> It's still BS. A consumer level analog camera captures around 1GB of data with each picture. _The peak of film sales was in 1999 when 800 million rolls of film were sold and 25 billion images were captured and printed_ which works out to around 25 EB of data just from analog cameras in 1999.

<comment><USER4> Your example also neatly illustrates that not all data is equally meaningful. You lose a lot of information when you do JPEG or MP3 compression, but it doesn't _feel_ like you're losing much of value.

<comment><USER5> Until you try to enlarge that JPEG later.

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER6> _Based on the primary sources I've been able to piece together, the more accurate (but far less sensational) quote would be:

"23 Exabytes of information was recorded and replicated in 2002. We now record and transfer that much information every 7 days."_

Call me crazy, but that sounds every bit just as sensational to me. Seems like all this article is doing is getting overly picking with some throwaway oft- repeated trivia stat. Who cares what the exact numbers are? The purpose of the statement remains the same.

<comment><USER7> Oh really? Schmidt's claim overstates reality by 5000 times and you don't care? Link is to an (awesome) online calculator showing how I arrived at this.

[http://instacalc.com/?d=&c=ZGF5c19zaW5jZV9oaXN0b3J5X3N0Y...](http://instacalc.com/?d=&c=ZGF5c19zaW5jZV9oaXN0b3J5X3N0YXJ0ID0gNTAwMCozNjV8ZGF5c19pbl8yMDAyID0gMzY1fG51bV9kYXlzX2Zvcl81X2V4YWJ5dGVzX3RvZGF5ID0gN3xzY2htaWR0X2dyb3d0aCA9IGRheXNfc2luY2VfaGlzdG9yeV9zdGFydCAvIG51bV9kYXlzX2Zvcl81X2V4YWJ5dGVzX3RvZGF5fHJlYWxfZ3Jvd3RoID0gZGF5c19pbl8yMDAyIC8gbnVtX2RheXNfZm9yXzVfZXhhYnl0ZXNfdG9kYXl8c2NobWlkdF9leGFnZ2VyYXRpb24gPSBzY2htaWR0X2dyb3d0aCAvIHJlYWxfZ3Jvd3RofGV4YWdlcnJhdGlvbl9vcmRlcnNfb2ZfbWFnbml0dWRlID0gM3x8fA&s=ssssssssss&v=0.9)

<comment><USER6> Yeah, that's right.

These are numbers incomprehensibly big. Nobody can even begin to mentally picture these in a reasonable fashion. The only part of the statement that is really important is the meaning, not the details of the numbers. That meaning is _"we are creating shittons of data really really fast, faster than ever before"_. If you're getting hung up on the accuracy of the numbers used to express this, then you're missing the point, and I wonder why you don't have something better to do than get worked up about it...

EDIT: Furthermore, according to the "more accurate" statement form the article, we're creating 23 Exabytes in 7 days, not 5. Read it again: _"_23 Exabytes_ of information was recorded and replicated in 2002. We now record and transfer _that much_ information every _7 days_."_

<comment><USER8> To me, the difference between "23 exabytes every 7 days" and "5 exabytes every 3 days" is pretty irrelevant.

I think a better quote would be "By 2003, mankind had generated a shitload of information. Now we generate a shitload every day."

<comment><USER7> Using shitload as a unit of data: sarcasm or serious?

<comment><USER6> It's not a unit, it's a magnitude or count. Used in similar situations as "a lot". It's neither 'sarcastic' nor 'serious', but rather 'casual'.

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER9> Interesting statistic: _It has been said that 78% of all statistics are made up._

<comment><USER10> And people are 86.3% more likely to believe a statistic if it has a decimal point in it.

<comment><USER11> Richard Feynman was giving a lecture and, as usual, had gone off-script. He mentioned some historical event, but got the last digit of the date wrong (like 1951 instead of 1957 or something). He said, "Hey! 3 significant digits is pretty good for a theoretical physicist!" :-)

Edit: I can't link to the middle of a Silverlight presentation, but if you visit <http://research.microsoft.com/apps/tools/tuva/> , click the middle (with the picture of Feynman), click Lecture 5, and skip to 17:00 in, you can see the incident. But you really should watch all of them, especially the one on Symmetry.

Dang Silverlight!

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER12> I wonder if anyone would be able to calculate the amount of data created in the last two millennia... and if so, how.

<comment><USER13> I guess the first issue would be to define what "data" is. Speech is data, weather is data...

<comment><USER14> "Data (plural of "datum") are typically the results of measurements"

Weather isn't data, a measurement of temperature would be data...

<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data>

[Not that I am trying to imply that other things aren't data - but I don't think weather itself is data although you can, of course, have weather data!]

<comment><USER15> The quote said "information", not data.

Edit: "There were 5 Exabytes of information created between the dawn of civilization through 2003, but that much information is now created every 2 days."

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER16> information is not all equal. recording from /dev/random is not valuable information even though it fills up disk space. the value of information depends very much on the context.

</comment><comment><USER17> A lot might have happened since 2002. People with digital cameras take a lot of pictures, for example. YouTube is booming. Lot's of devices generate automatic data feeds, for example location tracking from mobile phones, clickstreams on the internet.

The number might still have been made up, but let's not forget that Schmidt might have some sources of information no available to the public, for example the server stats from Google and YouTube.

</comment><comment><USER18> How timely! I was actually at a Google recruiting event/tech talk today at my university, where a Google engineer repeated this quote to us. Fittingly, he also misquoted it and said that 5 exabytes of data are created every day, instead of every two days as in the original quote. I looked at him askance for a moment due to the absurdity of the number--thanks for clearing it up!

</comment><comment><USER19> Perhaps the figures he was given were based entirely on computer data - and he quoted them to sound like all data?

</comment><comment><USER20> "We now create and replicate as much data in one week, as we did in one year, just a decade ago."

True, not as catchy as the dawn of time, but still mighty impressive. And in fairness to their outgoing CEO, Google didn't cache much data at the dawn of time (or even in the '80s), so it can't have been _that_ important.

</comment><comment><USER21> My tummy rumbled and I burped at 9:22AM EST this morning. Now that I have posted this: is that a piece of information?

My point is that a lot of this "information" is ephemeral and not really all that important in the long run.

<comment><USER22> Now it is.

Reply to the edit: If you stretch the timeline long enough, nothing is of any importance.

</comment></comment><comment><USER23> Yes we are creating more data now than in the history of mankind. However the ratio of (quality stored data / total data ) has gone down with the ease of storage. Most of the "data" is for entertainment.

</comment><comment><USER24> Lies, damn lies, and clichés.</comment>


AMPRNet: computer networks over amateur radio - <AUTHOR> http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/AMPRNet

<comment><AUTHOR> A bit more information:

[http://www.qsl.net/kb9mwr/wapr/tcpip/amprnet.html](http://www.qsl.net/kb9mwr/wapr/tcpip/amprnet.html)

"Back 1969, Norman Abramson launched Aloha Project at University of Hawaii. Motivated by the poor telephone lines in the Hawaiian Islands, funded by ARPA to investigate how to build a packet switched network based on fixed site radio links. At the University of Hawaii it was not really an option to use the PSTN or any form of cabling between Hawaii's many islands. It opted instead to connect the seven colleges spread across four islands by the use of amateur radio. Norm performed a number of experiments around 1970 to develop methods to arbitrate access to a shared radio channel by network nodes. This system operated on UHF frequencies at 9600 baud. Abramson later developed a satellite version of ALOHAnet called PACNET."</comment>


A Virtual Revolution Is Brewing for Colleges - <AUTHOR> http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/09/11/AR2009091104312.html <comment><USER2> The story's on point but is really a promotional piece masking as news -- which is disappointing. The Washington Post owns Kaplan University.

I'm all for online coursework but we're still a ways away from standardized testing for nationally recognized credit.

</comment><comment><USER3> I'm starting to think this meme has some PR money behind it: <http://www.paulgraham.com/submarine.html>

<comment><USER4> I doubt it. This is basically an op-ed. From what looks to be the original article: "Zephyr Teachout is an associate law professor at Fordham University, a writer, and an online entrepreneur."

[http://www.thebigmoney.com/articles/diploma- mill/2009/09/08/...](http://www.thebigmoney.com/articles/diploma- mill/2009/09/08/welcome-yahoo-u)

There's a slight chance that there's education involved in her "online entrepreneurship," in which case you're probably right.

</comment></comment><comment><USER5> I am not sure online learning is for everyone or for every age.

College is much more than the classes. And I believe the "suspended reality" when attending college actually helps learning. And I don't count being able to answer online multiple choice questions as having learned something. Education is not cramming knowledge in your skull, and a course is not just going through the cartesian description of the subjects it covers. And lastly what makes a class good is not only the teacher but what emerges from the group in terms of dynamics, attitude, atmosphere and feeling. I would believe that if watching a lecture by Feynman on the web is inspiring, being in is class was much more.

If what the article describes really is the future, I probably would have dropped out and become a mechanic or something.

<comment><USER6> While I agree about what college used to be and what it should be the reality is vastly different. College is turning into an extension of highschool where the grades don't reflect the students but the course/teacher/college. When I first arrived I read and signed a piece of paper, I believed in, about the honor code; how cheating undermines the student and university. The reality was cheating was so rampant I thought I was the only one that bothered to read that paper.

And I can see why it was so popular. Recruiters weren't interested in what type of student you were, just what your GPA/QCA was. I asked some of my friends why they chose to cheat and the answer was they 'needed' a grade. It wasn't what they needed, it was the job they 'needed' wanted them to have a minimum 3.5 GPA. I realized, a bit late, that college was not about learning, but getting a good job in some big company. I wasn't a great student, but I learned a lot through participating in projects and contributing something to the university besides tuition. I handed my CV out to a lot of companies and most just gave it back after reading my GPA completely ignoring my work on battery and solar powered vehicles.

Now when I give advice on college it's basically do whatever you need to to graduate, education be damned. As far as I'm concerned education is the last thing on the colleges' minds. Universities have raised the stakes so high it stopped being about learning and all about buying an education.

<comment><USER7> > When I first arrived I read and signed a piece of paper.

You should have made the university sign a paper saying it wasn't going to cheat you out good learning environment. A university where it is possible to cheat and it is part of the culture is also cheating you out of your money and learning.

I think telling what you just told here to an employee should make them not look at your GPA as much, and you probably don't really want to work for a company that looks at GPA only.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER8> _Students starting school this year may be part of the last generation for which "going to college" means packing up, getting a dorm room and listening to tenured professors._

Will they also be the last generation to listen to radio now that TV has been invented and the last generation to drive cars now that airplanes have been invented?

OP overlooks a whole bunch of other needs that colleges fulfill. The interaction with other students, both in class and at home. The interaction with professors. The contacts made. The opportunities to explore many new things by virture of actually being there.

Technology is great. It moves us forward in many ways. But in many situations, nothing is a substitute for actually being there.

<comment><USER9> This is exactly right. This is why I don't understand many of the "just learn online" posts on HN. If you're going to college for only the information, then I think there's no reason to come. However, there is much more offered than just information.

<comment><USER10> But the question is is this advantage worth the ever-increasing tuition prices for most students? Before there wasn't a choice, now we'll see what the market effect of the competition of different education models will result in.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER11> University education is very prime for a reworking. However, it will not be done the way described in this article.

I don't want to give out all of my ideas, specifically since I plan on working on this myself. However, a few leading questions:

Why were universities established? What problems did they solve? What problems do they still solve? Do they solve them well?

Universities solve problems P via method M. The trouble with what is mentioned in the article is that it simply moves M onto the internet, it does not go back and reevaluate the original set of P. And, again, if the solutions to the original problems are wrong, they wont do much better online.

The same is true for the newspaper industry.

</comment><comment><USER12> Wow, that's a big shift! I like the idea of the best professors nation-wide rising to the top, so that all students can benefit from their captivating lectures rather than be stuck with their boring local professors.

What I don't get, is how you overcome cheating on online exams. Of course I think the best answer is that we need to introduce apprenticeships into more career areas, and stop viewing college as a four year block of time, where you prepare yourself to be a productive member of the workforce.

<comment><USER7> Apprenticeships would work great. Some colleges have co-op in their engineering collages. Those are great. They put you behind one year, but at the end of 5 years, you end up with 1 year of professional experience under your belt. That makes you much more hirable.

Or you can have oral exams and make the student travel once at the end of each quarter to be examined by a panel of professors.

Or assign open-ended problems to each individual student. Or have more project assignments that would illustrate or require understanding the theory.

</comment></comment><comment><USER13> On universities, material isn't important, social interaction is.

<comment><USER7> Alright, then paying $100k in student loans for social interaction is a little screwed up. I am not saying it doesn't work, just that it is a little crazy.

I think universities are the next bubble to burst, they have inflated their grades and their tuition so much, it is ridiculous.

In the meantime, they are full of professors who have tenure and sit on their behinds all day not doing anything, or being too absorbed into their research and not giving a damn about undergraduate students who pay thousands of dollars per credit hour to be there.</comment></comment>


Don't Ask Users to Bring the Beer - <AUTHOR> https://medium.com/what-i-learned-building/7b198deaf9fa

<comment><USER2> While not all project teams are same, one perspective I sometimes see this being from the fact people actually "marketing" the project can be clueless about how to market in social scenes.

I've seen people (often "suit" type) expressing their mentality of "since these people using product knows how to communicate in social media, have them do something for us" while themselves being quite clueless how things work in these environments, or not even willing to learn by actually using them. (and some of those people have over-sensitibity to privacy in social network, or some sort of "phobia" in these environment...<sigh>... come on, aren't you trying to "market" the product in these places??)

I don't know if this is necessarily the case for this type of "invite" feature, but I wouldn't be surprised this type of mentality being a driving force of this.

</comment><comment><USER3> This puts into words the way I feel so often when I try out a new app. I found your app, so something has directed me here. Once I've determined whether I like it or not, then MAYBE I'll tell my friends to get on it.

Another metaphor that comes to mind would be a knife salesmen in a store telling you to invite your friends to buy the knives while they're demonstrating them...

</comment><comment><USER4> Ouch. Onboarding? You can't communicate if you make up words as you go along.

<comment><AUTHOR> Thanks for the feedback. I did not make up the word onboarding. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onboarding](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onboarding)

<comment><USER4> My apologies. I didn't know it was a technical term.</comment></comment></comment>


MaidSafe goes from 76k total lines of code to 7k using Rust - <AUTHOR> https://forum.safenetwork.io/t/devupdate-6-april-2015/3579

<comment><USER2> 76K to 7K of source.

I wonder what the before and after measures of compiled binary would be, and what the ratio of library/runtime binary to binary from purpose-built developer written source would be?</comment>


Ask HN: Where do you store your sensitive info? - <AUTHOR> I use multiple laptops for both personal and business use. How do you keep track of credit cards, passwords, and your online accounts in general?<p>Right now I store it on DropBox, or my inbox, but that doesn't seem very secure. <comment><USER2> KeePass gets good comments. (IIRC there's a Linux version, I don't know how kludge-y.) Bruce Schneier (security guru / blogger) uses something similar (though I don't know that he tosses the data files out onto shared storage).

In the past, some people have commented about placing a TrueCrypt volume-as- file on DropBox. Apparently performance and storage consumption were, per them, not as bad as one might think. (Think about the potential implications of the version history that DropBox provides by default.)

There are some other programs, including some text editors, notepad type editors, and "personal wiki" programs that offer to save to an AES or Blowfish encrypted format. I imagine the correctness/robustness of their implementations may vary.

Finally, if you just want to encrypt a file already disk, the well regarded archive program 7zip (and others) includes an AES encryption/decryption implementation. I don't know how its implementation is regarded. Note that, under DropBox, this won't eliminate prior, unencrypted versions that are saved by its versioning system.

Also, GPG and PGP are always around.

If you encrypt a pre-existing file, outside of the DropBox context it's a good idea to encrypt to a fresh copy, then securely wipe the original.

EDIT: Depending upon what is being used for encryption, the DropBox versioning might itself represent a weakness. I'm not qualified to speak to such topics -- just imagining.

<comment><USER3> I can highly recommend KeePassX for Linux. It's just to store logins - but for that it's a great piece of software: Intuitive UI, fast and easy to use, and it's easy to manage a large number of logins with multiple folders.

<http://www.keepassx.org>

</comment></comment><comment><USER4> We use Password Safe <http://passwordsafe.sourceforge.net/> in DropBox shared between my husband and myself.

</comment><comment><USER5> At work I use KeePassX across Mac, Windows, and Linux systems and it does the job fine.

At home I really like 1Password for the Mac except that the version I have doesn't work with Safari 5 or Chrome.

For secure files on my Mac, I keep a password-protcted & encrypted sparsebundle disk image in Dropbox. You can create one using Disk Utility. It's really handy and always backed up.

I can't speak to proving the security of these solutions but work for me otherwise.

</comment><comment><USER6> KeePass is great but I really like my ironkey (<http://ironkey.com>) . It is encrypted at a hardware level and is very easy to use. Trucrypt works but requires some setup and "work". If I lose my ironkey it isn't a probelm, i just purchase another and do a restore. The data is secure and the drive will self-destruct if tampered with or an invalid password is used.

</comment><comment><USER7> Not passwords persay, but all my important personal information (bank account #s, tax forms, copies of important documents) are stored in a truecrypt-ed file in about 5 different places (Dropbox, laptop, server, usb key, cd). Yes, updating it is a pain, but I do it so rarely its not a huge deal.

</comment><comment><USER8> I'm a huge fan of 1Password. It's a Mac desktop app with iPhone and iPad versions. Syncing is done via Dropbox.

A Windows version just entered beta.

<http://agilewebsolutions.com/products/1Password>

</comment><comment><USER9> I store passwords in my head, or if need be, with the PassPack site ( <http://passpack.com/en/home/> ).

</comment><comment><USER10> I use roboform (on iphone and desktop)</comment>


Writing self-documenting Swift code - <AUTHOR> https://www.swiftbysundell.com/posts/writing-self-documenting-swift-code <comment><USER2> The hole point of documentation is lost in the concept of something "self- documenting".

Documentation needs to be describing the actions of the program on a different abstraction level/perspective than the program itself.

Something can be easy to read and to understand but it cant be self documenting unless it actually literally writes it own documentation it being a sentient AI or something like that.

<comment><USER3> I agree. As a primarily Android-focused developer, I understand Swift and I know how to make an iPhone app. But there nothing as infuriating as being handed a 30k LOC iOS app's source code and being told that the code is the documentation, and no, there is no other documentation (because that would be silly! just read the code!).

No, if you can write 30k lines of any computer language, you can at least write a 2 pager in English/preferred human language describing the architecture and other details of the code. Ridiculous that people expect code to be documentation to the point of not writing a single sentence in human language about what the code does or how it works.

<comment><USER4> I agree, and consider code without comments to be unfinished work, but writing code without comments is not the thrust of this article.

It's just writing clearer code, structured to make more things utterly obvious (to the human, but in many cases also to the compiler).

Code written like this will still need some comments/documentation, but it won't need as much because more things will be completely obvious.

<comment><USER5> You are conflating comments with documentation.

Comments are low-level, documentation is high level.

"self-documenting" removes the need for comments, not documentation. Ironically.

<comment><USER4> I don't think "documentation" has such a narrow definition.

There are various forms of documentation, from terse READMEs to formal specs. Comments in the code are just one of the many forms documentation can take (in some cases, the only one).

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER6> Great read!

I'm going to steal that use of 'typealias' when defining a closure that uses @escaping. Those method definitions are always so messy looking, this really cleans it up.

<comment><USER7> Type alias is a poor alternative for true primitive types. Like (pseudo code):

        primitive Dollar: Decimal // no mixing with euros
        primitive Meter: Double // no confusion with miles

You can do the same in Swift with typealias _but_ it will happily accept you passing in Euro where Dollar is declared because they're both Decimals. This doesn't happen in languages like F#.

<comment><USER8> You can define a struct with a single field of type Double.

<comment><USER7> True. I think there was a Money cocoapod that used your trick. But you can't do anything with them you would normally do with the base type unless you add a ton of logic.

Also in F# you get the type Meter/Hour if you divide Meters by Hours. Which multiplied by an Hour value gives you the distance traveled at that speed in that time.

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER9> As someone writing occasional Swift code, this is very encouraging and educational. It makes me wish for a Swift-related e-zine with quality articles like these.

<comment><USER4> Well just FYI this guy himself produces nearly that; I have him in my RSS reader and he produces great articles like this on a weekly basis.

There is also: [https://swiftweekly.github.io](https://swiftweekly.github.io)

</comment></comment><comment><USER10> Nice article, more about code maintainability than documentation (like others pointed out).

Also not too focused on Swift, so useful also for other languages.

</comment><comment><USER11> A lot of these examples are smelly IMO. Your colleagues in marketing are not debugging your code base. You work with other developers who definitely know what Ints and Strings are, so when you disguise these basic types in structs or type-aliases, you are basically doubling up the API you and your colleagues are working with.

<comment><USER4> Well, you're not only making it easier for your colleagues in marketing to be able to make a code change (hey, it happens more than you might think!) but you're also making it easier for your future self to come back to the code base without having to _remember_ as much.

Most important, though, you are structuring the code in a way that provides better actionable understanding of the intent not only to the humans that work on it, but also your intrepid robot buddies, the Swift compiler / static analyzer. Who happen to be extremely helpful allies in this particular language.

In Swift, I would recommend using dedicated types like AccessToken and RefreshToken, instead of plain strings, 100% of the time.

</comment></comment><comment><USER12> Nice article. Minor nit: unit of gravity is NewtonsPerKg.</comment>


Three NSA Whistleblowers Back EFF's Lawsuit Over Government Spying Program - <AUTHOR> https://www.eff.org/press/releases/three-nsa-whistleblowers-back-effs-lawsuit-over-governments-massive-spying-program

<comment><USER2> Rule of thumb. If ever the government claims state secrets, they are playing their, "We did something wrong, and would like to get out of jail free" card.

I know of a number of cases where state secrets was claimed, then later it was proven that there was no actual state secret proven. (Including the very first case where state secrets were used as a defense in a court room.) I know of no cases where state secrets were claimed, and then there turned out to be an actual state secret at issue.

<comment><USER3> And then they will lobby to pass a law to make everything illegal they've done over the past 5-10 years _legal_ , and of course retroactively.

<comment><USER2> Case in point: FISA. :-(

<comment><USER4> Case in further point: FISAAA

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_Intelligence_Surveillan...](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_Intelligence_Surveillance_Act_of_1978_Amendments_Act_of_2008)

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER5> I wish the EFF good luck with this case. They are certainly going to need it! The change in US government attitudes regarding spying on its own citizens (at least publicly) during the last 10 years is chilling to say the least.

<comment><USER6> Don't 'wish'. Donate: <https://supporters.eff.org/donate>

<comment><USER5> Sorry, my response to the problem was to leave the US. But I still wish those of you living there (including all my family) good luck!

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER7> I sincerely commend the EFF for taking a stand to slow down the descent along the slippery slope of a 24x7x365 survelied society.

At this point however, it is probably a safe assumption: No matter what the NSA/NRO/CIA/DOJ or anyone else says, the US gov. in one form or another is monitoring every single Phone call, E-mail, Chat, Skype and any other form of electronic communication into and out of the USA. Also the location data that your cell phone leaks pretty much makes physical surveillance superfluous.

The Technology has been too cheaply available and the temptation too great for the truth to be anything else.

What the EFF should also be doing is launching a campaign to make end-to-end encryption the default everywhere. Every e-mail you write /Chat session/Skype session should be encrypted in transport for every one. Make the cost of doing this mass-surveillance so expensive that the Govt is forced to prioritize on the actual targets.

<comment><USER8> You presume that it's still expensive for the government to break AES.

<comment><USER9> I think that's a reasonable assumption. But even if it is wrong and the NSA has a shortcut.... And even if that shortcut affects all implementations of all cyphers....

1) expensive is still relative. Even if there is a short cut it may be only feasible to decrypt a small part of encrypted communications. So they may have to prioritize.

2) If everything is encrypted, they may still have to start somewhere.

so yeah, it's not a bad assumption even if it is wrong.

Speaking of which, https works with HN, not that this likely matters much.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER10> If they manage to get the NSA off the backbones and repeal PATRIOT so the feds can't review my entire digital life in realtime with no warrant, I will move back to the USA.

(But of course not NYC where you are subject to illegal search just riding the subway.)

I ain't holdin' my breath. :(

<comment><USER3> If you're still talking to people in USA, especially through Skype, your conversations are probably already monitored [1]. I think NSA already has a (secret, illegal) mandate to monitor all American communications with any foreigners.

[1] [http://www.theregister.co.uk/2009/02/12/nsa_offers_billions_...](http://www.theregister.co.uk/2009/02/12/nsa_offers_billions_for_skype_pwnage/)

[http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/9218002/Microsoft_see...](http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/9218002/Microsoft_seeks_patent_for_spy_tech_for_Skype)

<comment><USER10> Oh, I know. :(

It sucks because I don't have any good ways of securely communicating with voice and/or video to people on mobile in the US. PGP, OTR, SSL, etc work well, but there aren't any good PGP or OTR clients for iPhone AFAIK.

I mostly just censor myself until I can speak to people in person, or communicate only unimportant things.

<comment><USER11> Throw your iPhone away as well.

Apple are bound by the PATRIOT act.

<comment><USER10> To what end? Location services? My residential address is on my form 1040. They already know. :)

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER12> If they think this is necessary, then at the very least the legislative branch of government should sign this into law - just doing it is not how a democratic government is supposed to work.

<comment><USER13> Actually it's exactly how "democracy" is supposed to work - giving the masses the illusion of control over the autonomous government. If the public makes a stink, escalate to getting the approval of congress. If the public still complains, fall back on the rules and tell them they need to vote in different "representatives". Most likely somewhere during this multi-year process, the momentum of the outrage is lost and the issue goes away. And in the rare case that the public won't let go of a particular issue, multiple new corruptions have sprung up in the meantime.

</comment></comment><comment><USER14> I hope that this case brings new facts to lights. This stuff is too scary to be kept a secret.

</comment><comment><USER15> This is the case of "We did something illegal, but it was really effective in treating X, so we should make it legal now."</comment>


EntreCard.com On Sale? - <AUTHOR>

Entrecard.com is on sale on Sitepoint - http://marketplace.sitepoint.com/auctions/46763 . Entrecard.com is basically a traffic exchange services for bloggers.
As what the founder said, he has no enough resources to expand the network and he said that the website has potential to make more than USD30k per month. According to Alexa.com, the website has very stable traffic. Anyway, if you are VC with thousands of dollars in your pocket, will you invest on it?
Let discuss about this deal. <comment><USER2> something smells fishy about this. if the site's doing so well, there are so many possibilities for monetization/expansion, why isn't he getting the funding? or at least a little funding to push him into profitability? "VC fell through at the 11th hour" that leads directly into auctioning off the site is a warning flag to me.</comment>


What /b/ believes about life - <AUTHOR> https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/231528979/websites/b%20%20-%20ITT%20%20We%20post%20our%20age%2C%20and%20things%20we%20have%20learned%20i.htm

<comment><USER2> /b/ is like any different language/culture. totally nonsensical and absurd at first but there's good stuff going on when you get across the language barrier.

</comment><comment><USER3> "Step over on people, be dishonest." Shows how many psychopaths go to /b/.

</comment><comment><USER4> so edgy</comment>