Pascal is faster than C++ - <AUTHOR> https://medium.com/@srcstorm/pascal-independent-language-for-2017-a5a25f7c62d8 <comment><USER2> That's extremely convincing arguments:

> C++ programs have the potential of running 5–10% faster than Pascal > programs. However, in practice Pascal programs usually run faster. This is > because human factor will inevitably involve in real world situations. > Consider this experiment:

> Pick a simple task and have 2 different individuals work on this task > separately. Limit their times to 10 minutes. One will code in Pascal, the > other in C++.

> * Pascal programmer will implement the task in 1 minute. S/he will spend > remaining 9 minutes to optimize the code.

> * C++ programmer will implement the task in 10 minutes. No time left for > optimization, hence the program will run poorly.

I will be honest : if I only had this blog post as a source of information on Pascal and C++, I would almost certainly choose C++ because the lack of proper arguments certainly means that you are actually unable to put some figures forward and are just trying to bullshit your reader while deep down you know that your comparison does not hold.

<comment><USER3> I will be honest: just because someone doesn't have data to back up what they say doesn't mean they believe the complete opposite "deep down." It probably just means they're lazy and wishful thinking. What are your qualifications as a psychiatrist anyway?

</comment></comment><comment><USER4> "You just keep telling yourself that..."

I'll be over here. The greater expressiveness of C++ means that optimization effort can be, and routinely is, captured in libraries where it benefits every user. Because optimization effort is amortized over all users, more attention can be devoted to it -- and, again, routinely is.

Powerful libraries that can eke out machine potentialities without compromise and deliver them to many users, to compose with other powerful libraries, make a language fast and quick to code in.

C++ isn't the only language good for capturing optimization in libraries. Rust is good and getting better fast. I don't know about others. D, probably.

The MLs and Haskell could be good in this way if they were not saddled with obligate GC.

</comment><comment><USER5> The article presents no evidence that Pascal is faster than C++ other than in a given amount of time the Pascal programmer will have more time to optimize than the C++ programmer - and no citation is provided for that statement either.

No mention is made of modern Pascal development environments and libraries needed to build modern applications. My experience is Pascal peaked in the 90s. What tools and libraries would I use today?

These are the interesting questions I would expect an entry such as this to touch on.

<comment><USER6> `What tools and libraries would I use today?`

[https://www.embarcadero.com/products/delphi](https://www.embarcadero.com/products/delphi) [https://www.elementscompiler.com/elements/oxygene/](https://www.elementscompiler.com/elements/oxygene/)

<comment><USER7> And open source tools like Free Pascal: [https://www.freepascal.org/](https://www.freepascal.org/)

And Lazarus: [https://www.lazarus-ide.org/](https://www.lazarus-ide.org/)

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER8> 15 years ago, the conventional wisdom (for whatever that is werth), was that C++ and Pascal produce similarly efficient compiled binaries. You could cherry pick examples that would show one or the other was "faster".

Clearly C++ has has a whole lot more neurons grinding on how to better optimize it over the last 15 years. That should be good meat for an rich and enlightening article.

Instead we get bunk. Code times for Pascal vs. C++ with experienced developers are similar. I've written quite a bit of both. If you want to play ridiculous code-time games you might as well argue that Python is faster than C++.

I would be interested in a real head-to-head of modern pascal vs C++ including compile time. But that require a lot of real work where a fluffy thing like this only requires an opinion.

</comment><comment><USER9> This article is rife with questionable and incorrect statements and is missing any convincing data.</comment>


Magnetic recording breakthrough reported - <AUTHOR> http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/02/120207133506.htm

<comment><AUTHOR> Update: I tried to find some more info but unfortunately it looks like the original paper is behind a pay-wall. Here are some related links : <http://www.psi.ch/media/using-heat-for-storing-data>

[http://www.york.ac.uk/news-and- events/news/2012/research/mag...](http://www.york.ac.uk/news-and- events/news/2012/research/magnetic-recording/)

</comment><comment><USER2> Since this doesn't affect read speed, it's interesting to imagine what would happen if there were a de-facto asymmetry between read and write speed for hard disks. I'd guess you might end up in a world where a "disk" actually becomes a "RAID-array-in-a-box" so parallel reads could make the read speed be close to the write speed.

</comment><comment><USER3> If the heat pulses only _toggle_ the state of the nano-islands, then it makes little practical sense to speak of 'write speed,' since you'll have to determine the current state of the bits (that is, you'll have to read them) before you attempt to write them.

</comment><comment><USER4> Terabytes per second? Really?? Given that SATA-3 is still at 6Gbps, this would be 1300x faster than SATA-3. How would you get data to a drive that fast for it to write?

<comment><USER5> Sort of a moot point regardless. If you have a spinning disk the average latency and maximum read or write speed is determined by the speed of the disk.

<comment><USER6> Not necessarily. For example you could have many read heads and read from the disk much faster by reading in parallel. It's complicated to do, but it is possible.

You can also increase the areal density, which means more bits fly past the head per second, which also increases speed, even though you can't increase the rotational or seek speed.

<comment><USER7> I would expect that's how they plan on getting to those ridiculous write speeds. Decrease the size of 1 bit so that more of them would fit on one track (a circle on a platter). They would be able to do that since the time to flip the region of the bit would be smaller. However, there is still the problem of finding a material with that much smaller magnetic regions. Which is already a problem in current drives (perpendicular recording) so I don't expect this to fly.

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER8> I tend to believe that in the short/mid future consumer hardware will mostly consist of SSD or similiar solid state forms of memory. Abandoning spinning disks and relying on much faster, smaller and more reliable memory seems so much more promising than hard disks.

<comment><USER9> Yes. But remember, tape was displaced from the mainstream, but lives on in professional backups. There will still be lots of profitable applications for spinning disk.

</comment></comment><comment><USER10> I'm confused. Doesn't a writable DVD work on the same principle of using a laser to heat small portions of a spinning disc? Why should this methods be so many orders of magnitude faster than writing to a DVD?

<comment><USER11> First, keep in mind that this is a modification to hard drives and not DVD- like equipment. The heat pulses in the case of the article are still modifying the magnetic bits on a spinning metal disk.

Second, it seems that it's faster to generate these heat pulses than it is to switch the magnetic orientation of the write head. I haven't looked into the physics, but this is the only plausible explanation my limited imagination can fathom.

</comment></comment><comment><USER12> Does this affect read speed at all? The article only mentions write speed.

<comment><USER13> The readout will still be carried out by a magnetoresistive sensor, so that is not directly affected. With a smaller bit size it might be necessary to further develop the read head, but the road map for that is quite well understood at the moment.

<comment><USER14> Didn't minidiscs read the data optically? Could that tech be combined with this to make a pure-laser hard disk?

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER15> Can someone smarter at physics than I am explain how this works?

The article specifically suggests use in hard drives, but how soon could this realistically be used in commercial hard drives?

<comment><USER16> In response to your question on availability in commercial HDs, I think that unless a comparable significant advance is made in read speeds, I doubt that you will find it in consumer grade HDDs soon. A disk that can read at e.g. 100mb/s and write at 50gb/s would be not easy to sell to the consumer at a premium price (where do I get data faster than my HD/SSD read speeds from to store?).

I assume though, that it might be used in e.g. CERN, where they need to store a ridiculous amount of data in very short time. Or similar activities where the write speeds are the limiting factor.

<comment><USER6> I could definitely use great write speed and average read speed.

Use RAID-1 (mirroring) and have lots of disks in parallel. You can combine them for great read speed, but you still have to write to every one of them so writing is not improved.

If your write speed was much faster than read then this would work perfectly.

It would also find applications in things like data archiving, warehousing. Or buffering huge amounts of data for later processing (like the large hadron collider).

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER17> my question being, wouldn't these drives be much more susceptible to rapid and massive data loss from changes in ambient or operating temperature?

<comment><AUTHOR> not any more than regular HDDs. The method described will probably be applied to existing HDD platter technology (my opinon)

</comment></comment><comment><USER18> How would the performance compare to a SSD?

<comment><USER16> Well the article mentions that:

"This revolutionary method allows the recording of Terabytes (thousands of Gigabytes) of information per second"

Therefore, If you can write 1TB/sec the seek it would pretty much outperform any SSD cluster, in terms of writespeed. unfortunately, nothing is said about read speeds/access times and I assume that that will be a harder problem. Because they are still storing the data magnetically and the platters don't emit heat based on their polarisation, they still have to pretty much read like normal hdds do. You cannot (until now, like it was not possible to alter the magnetic polarisation of metals other than with another magnetic field) sense the polarisation except for with another magnetic field.

I am really interested in how that will turn out, but before they make a significant advance in read speeds I doubt that the technology will make it into consumer grade HDD's any time soon.

<comment><USER19> On top of the read problem, they have to deal with the fact that HDDs are just really energy-inefficient. With the world going to mobile, we can't predicate the future on the need for moving parts.

It's a damned cool technology, and I hope it leads to something useful, but I just can't see it becoming the prevalent paradigm.

<comment><USER16> Yes, you're right the world is going mobile and in mobile less (no) moving parts is better (more durable etc.) That is also why I think that consumer grade devices will be unlikely (unless read speeds are bumped up, too)

But mobile, in our case, means also a shift to the cloud, where significant more potent storage technologies could make a real difference. I really hope, too, that technology will lead to something new.

<comment><USER19> Fair enough. It's hard to see where these kinds of write (but normal read) speeds would be necessary, even in a server farm, but I guess the beauty of enabling technologies is that they allow for use cases no one could have imagined when they were conceived.</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment>


Link baiting - the data has spoken - <AUTHOR> http://poincare101.herokuapp.com/post/14

<comment><USER2> A post with a provocative title but then no actual content is a poor representative of 'link bait.' The conclusion is worthless:

 _So, don't link bait, but, choose good titles and write good content._

Choosing a good title and providing good content is what _good_ link bait is all about. It's not a different thing, just a better form of it. Indeed, beyond a certain point, defining 'link bait' is more about the _intent_ behind the content and the _techniques_ behind its promotion rather than the quality or salaciousness of the content itself.</comment>


HBd Donald Knuth – Finite Semifields and Projective Planes (1963) [pdf] - <AUTHOR> <comment><USER2> No link</comment>


Kafka Connector for Redis (Source) - <AUTHOR> https://github.com/Aegeaner/kafka-connector-redis <comment><AUTHOR> Using psync mechanism, to avoid full sync by my best affort, since RDB dump is heavy.

<comment><USER2> Very nicely done!</comment></comment>


Here come the self-driving taxis - <AUTHOR> https://www.economist.com/gulliver/2018/11/23/here-come-the-self-driving-taxis <comment><USER2> I wonder how many cars they'll have on the road to start. It seems the technology is proven at this point, which is no small feat considering how far away all other competitors seem to be on that side, but now Fiat Chrysler has to pull its weight in producing cars quickly enough. Does anyone know how well the car manufacturing is streamlined currently? Can they support an expedited ramp up to the 60,000 cars Waymo has ordered from them in a timeline of ~1 year?

I think that answer will determine whether Waymo can leverage the 2-3 years of free reign it has to dominate the markets and create an impenetrable moat or if other self driving companies will ultimately manage to catch up in time.</comment>


Watch [TricOTri: Happy Halloween] Online for Free - <AUTHOR> WATCH HERE : http://moviehitz.co/movie/512584/tricotri-happy-halloween
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The Original Swift Programming Language – Tutorial - <AUTHOR> http://www.cs.cornell.edu/jif/swift/doc/index.html

<comment><AUTHOR> And an article about it:

[http://www.linux.com/news/featured-blogs/200-libby- clark/725...](http://www.linux.com/news/featured-blogs/200-libby- clark/725638-swift-the-easy-scripting-language-for-parallel-computing/)

<comment><USER2> It appears as though this article actually references a different language called Swift: [http://swift-lang.org/main/](http://swift-lang.org/main/)

<comment><USER3> Yep. For those keeping track, swift-lang.org and the article Colin posted in the above comment are about one language, the OP is about a totally different language, and of course the more famous Swift is completely unrelated to either.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER4> This is a different Swift language, not the one Apple just released. [http://swift-lang.org/main/](http://swift-lang.org/main/)

<comment><USER3> Nope, not that Swift either. This is another one.

</comment></comment><comment><USER5> Looks like the site is timing out. I don't know if its from traffic or completely unrelated.

This name conflict reminds me of the Go vs Go! fiasco: [https://code.google.com/p/go/issues/detail?id=9](https://code.google.com/p/go/issues/detail?id=9)

<comment><USER6> It's back up now.

</comment></comment><comment><USER6> Jif seems to have superseded this Swift (the secure web one): [http://www.cs.cornell.edu/jif/](http://www.cs.cornell.edu/jif/)

</comment><comment><USER7> I've already seen people confusing features touted for the original Swift language (e.g. good for parallelism) as being pertinent to Apple's. Surely, the good folks at Apple must have been aware of this name conflict.

</comment><comment><USER8> Check out these coding styles for Swift I found, which might be also useful: [http://codingstyleguide.com/lang/23/swift](http://codingstyleguide.com/lang/23/swift)

</comment><comment><USER9> Wow, I guess Java isn't the most verbose and ugly language.

RIP

<comment><USER10> Not by a long-shot ... but I prefer the Errai framework's HTML mark-up for GWT, or even GWT's clumsy UiBinder over the Cornell Swift "overlay".

</comment></comment><comment><USER11> They'll have to start going by "Original Swift" or "Classic Swift" now.</comment>


Would you use this service for incorporating? - <AUTHOR> http://seedchange.biz/

<comment><USER2> Any insight as to how this is substantially different than Clerky or, better yet, just going to Orrick's website or the NVCA website and getting the docs for free?</comment>


Ask HN: What are some good quality 3D printers? - <AUTHOR> For product prototyping. <comment><USER2> Price? Dimensions of print? need more info. Check out [https://3dprintboard.com/](https://3dprintboard.com/) , specialized to answer questions like that.</comment>


The pirates of YouTube - <AUTHOR> http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2011/dec/12/pirates-of-youtube-cory-doctorow <comment><USER2> I've been wondering about Google's ContentID system since the SOPA hearing. From what I heard then it seemed like Google was doing way more than the law requires them to do, all in the name of somehow appeasing the rightholders, but to the detriment of everyone else.</comment>


Sorry, developer bootcamps: I was wrong - <AUTHOR> https://medium.com/@dillonforrest/sorry-developer-bootcamps-i-was-wrong-ea37fcc5572c <comment><USER2> I always turn to product managers who think growth hacker is a thing when I want to learn more about hiring for technical roles

<comment><USER3> +1 the OP offers not just their opinion about the quality of developers trained in developer bootcamps (versus all other devs) but also gives reasons why bootcamp-trained devs are better. It's not until the postscript, after the end of the post, that the reader learns that the author isn't a developer "By the way, I'm a product manager and growth hacker based in San Francisco."

</comment></comment><comment><USER4> Previous discussion: [https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=11418949](https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=11418949)

<comment><AUTHOR> Hello,

Thank you for your comment.

First of all, I've made my usual search on Google to skip cross posting and I confirm that the previous discussion didn't appear in the results :

[https://goo.gl/ybeiG8](https://goo.gl/ybeiG8)

By the way, as you earlier mentioned, the author seems to have little legitimacy on the topic :

[https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=11419443](https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=11419443)

However, his post is really insightful. On my side, I attended in one. Especially, I consider having tasted a coding bootcamp to be the most insightful and transformational experience in my entire life. Or simply said : a life-changing opportunity. But this one mostly teached Ruby. And I _needed_ more, I _wanted_ more. Mainly, JavaScript is the de facto language for the Web. Hence, the Web naturally led me to the best (and moreover Open Source!) bootcamp according to me : Founders & Coders. Clearly, after having quickly benchmarked all the other ones (including Hack Reactor), they have to my knowledge the highest requirements among all :

[http://www.foundersandcoders.com/academy/#apply](http://www.foundersandcoders.com/academy/#apply)

Even after my first bootcamp, I still needed a few weeks to reach 5 Kyu Codewars :

[http://www.codewars.com/](http://www.codewars.com/)

I have never been so proud of myself and at the same time it was a lesson of life by teaching me humility. Mastery is still a long way off but I think that this quote could be a great resume :

[http://thefullstack.xyz/excellent-javascript- developer/](http://thefullstack.xyz/excellent-javascript-developer/)

"Excellence is never an accident. It is always the result of high intention, sincere effort, and intelligent execution; it represents the wise choice of many alternatives – choice, not chance, determines your destiny."

But, let's give it a try ! :)

Très cordialement / Best Regards,

Guillaume FORTAINE

</comment></comment><comment><USER5> I'm heading off to Codesmith (in LA) next month, and I can't tell you how motivating and reassuring it was to read your post!</comment>


Show HN: Bot Detection API - <AUTHOR> https://www.npmjs.com/package/gator-score <comment><USER2> Off-topic, but I was thinking that maybe it would be possible to make a bot detection that would run in the browser.

For example, if the visitor didn't move its mouse mouse or never clicks or touches anything after the page is loaded, then it is a bot, perhaps?

This would work for scraper bots that use PhantomJS.

<comment><AUTHOR> That would work for a percentage of bots. That method is used in the ad fraud detection world, but a lot of the bots simulate mouse moves and other user activities now. There are other ways to whitelist visitors, however.

<comment><USER2> Thank you.</comment></comment></comment>


Why to use Twitter, Facebook and Google Plus share links and not buttons - g-garron http://www.garron.me/en/blog/provide-share-buttons-without-exposing-your-visitors.html <comment><AUTHOR> If you still like the idea of buttons, but don't want to give up using the vendor-supplied buttons themselves, you can use the "two clicks for more privacy" jQuery plugin[0], which only loads the actual button when the user enables it by clicking a greyed-out placeholder.

[0] [http://panzi.github.io/SocialSharePrivacy/](http://panzi.github.io/SocialSharePrivacy/)

<comment><USER2> I'm also partial to Socialite JS [0] - it provides a similar mechanism, the one I use is the hover option, this negates the need for clicking which I think would confuse some users.

[0] [http://socialitejs.com/](http://socialitejs.com/)

</comment></comment><comment><USER3> I use WidgetBlock for chrome and since then sites have been blazing fast. I mean it really helps to not have all those stupid share widgets load. It does however break all the share buttons.

So using links instead of the widget codes is better for your site (performance wise), privacy wise, and it degrades gracefully when people like me use Widget Blockers.

</comment><comment><USER4> I don't have an opinion on the core of the article, but this bit at the end is not the best advice from a user experience standpoint.

"And I am seriously thinking into serve my own copy of Twitter Bootstrap scripts instead of serving them from the Google Network."

The point of using a CDN for common js/css is to serve it as close to your users as possible as well as increase the change that they already have it in their browser cache. Hosting it yourself just means your users have to make more round-trips to wherever in the world your server lives.

BTW, Google Hosted Libraries doesn't currently include Twitter Bootstrap. You're using NetDNA's BootstrapCDN.

<comment> g-garron Sorry, you are right. it is NetDNA's

From the performance point of view is better to use that public CDN. But they have control over the javascript, and they may change it at anytime. Maybe too paranoid, so just thinking about it.

<comment><USER5> If you're _that_ paranoid, it probably wouldn't be hard to set up a simple cron job that downloads the CDN's copy and compares its hash against a known local copy on a regular interval.

<comment><USER6> There's no guarantee that the cron script and the end user would be getting the same data. So that's not really much help.

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER7> Facebook has stated that the sharer.php is deprecated. [https://developers.facebook.com/bugs/252983554810810/](https://developers.facebook.com/bugs/252983554810810/)

It appears to have an unclear lifespan. While it has been fully replaced by the Feed Dialog, it's still working now and is used all over the internet. I can see the case where it won't see any further development or features, but it's a tough call whether or not to incorporate the deprecated method or accept possible risks of the current methods - Like button or Feed Dialog.

<comment><USER8> The bug you referenced is from over a year ago and in fact the feature is no longer deprecated. The documentation page [1] used to highlight the deprecated status but has recently been updated and any mentions of deprecation have been removed.

[1] [https://developers.facebook.com/docs/reference/plugins/share...](https://developers.facebook.com/docs/reference/plugins/share- links/)

<comment><USER7> Interesting, thanks for the link. When I implemented a share in an app recently, this wasn't an option. I wish there was more version information on the page. The only reference to a timestamp now is that this page was updated a week ago.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER9> We've been using the same method for quote some time now. Not just for privacy purposes, but also performance-wise all these scripts and iframes are a bit much. Demo and code at [http://simpleshare.schuttelaar.nl/](http://simpleshare.schuttelaar.nl/)

<comment><USER10> Mmm, I've been in situations before where marketing absolutely insist on packing the page full of sharing widgets, and it has a horrible impact on clientside performance.

</comment></comment><comment><USER11> Those networks can still track user habits by clicking the URL. In one acorn, they will know they came from your site, any user agent information, screen size (via JS on the social network site), if they are logged in they will associate them going to your site even if they decide not to share the URL.

The only thing they aren't seeing is additional analytic data they're missing out by not having there JS installed on your site, but its still enough data that they can use on there end for targeting advertisements which is what they are using this data for.

<comment><USER12> >> Those networks can still track user habits by clicking the URL.

Isn't that kind of the point though - if I don't click the URL then FB/Twitter/G+ etc etc don't get notified of my visit to a third party site that includes their buttons. If I do, fine, I'm going there and they get the info, but usually I don't.

</comment></comment><comment> grey-area I've recently done this on some client sites - it's far neater than including several sets of js each loading their own support libraries etc. The main reason for doing it was speed (each button makes several requests for js and assets), but it does also obviate serving multiple third-party js files, and protects your users from tracking by Facebook etc. which some of them won't be keen on. It's a shame that FB, Google etc insist on hosted js - a nicer solution would just be a link around one dynamically generated image showing the user the same information, though I guess that could still be used for limited tracking by IP.

After trialling the standard js we decided to forgo the dynamic buttons for speed, security and the privacy of our users and use locally hosted images of the buttons or logos with a simple link to the social site. For the readers it's very similar experience, but a much faster solution.

</comment><comment><USER13> This seems like a great time to plug RequestPolicy:

 _" ReuestPolicy is a Firefox extension that improves the privacy and security of your browsing by giving you control over when cross-site requests are allowed by webpages you visit."[1]_

It is even better if you pair it with NoScript.[2] Whenever I toy with the idea of switching to Chrome I am always end up sticking with iceweasel because of the lack of equivalent RP+NS functionality in Chrome. If you are currently using ghostery I highly suggest you switch to RP+NS.

[1] [https://www.requestpolicy.com/index.html](https://www.requestpolicy.com/index.html)

[2] [http://noscript.net/](http://noscript.net/)

<comment><USER14> I used to use RequestPolicy and thought it was great and did what it said it would. But it broke a lot of things like buying something on Newegg. I was afraid to allow something and try again thinking I would be charged twice.

Ghostery, while not as strict seems like a nice compromise. My mom uses it and she doesn't even notice it.

<comment><USER13> I think ghostery is probably the better choice for non-tech folks. You are a better son than I am, I should install ghostery or my mother. For people with a little time and basic knowledge of how the web works I think NS+RP is the way to go.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER15> This is a great write-up with a simple solution - one that I recently realized that I needed.

I put the AddThis button block on some of my article pages at the beginning of May. I was getting less click-throughs to my product page, so I started looking into possible causes. The Site Speed reports in Google Analytics showed that my page load times had increased 2-3x. I profiled some of the slower pages and found that the AddThis external call stack can be pretty deep. After removing them, everything's nice and speedy again, and click- throughs are back up to normal levels.

</comment><comment><USER16> And for share counts [https://gist.github.com/jonathanmoore/2640302](https://gist.github.com/jonathanmoore/2640302)

</comment><comment><USER17> I actually agree with this article...from an optimization standpoint. Whenever I've had to integrate paypal, youtube, or even coinbase...I always add the images to my static sprite sheet (to reduce http requests), and will serve a post href link...instead of button code suggested.

Even before the whole tracking was exposed, I _always_ hated paypal's 1px blank gif that is integrated in their button code.

</comment><comment><USER18> I made a similar article recently. I provide a complete block which you could copy/paste on your website directly. It uses javascript to create the right link using the current url.

[http://yannesposito.com/Scratch/en/blog/Social-link-the- righ...](http://yannesposito.com/Scratch/en/blog/Social-link-the-right-way/)

</comment><comment><USER19> Another note: you can create realistic share buttons by fetching the Like counts via JavaScript.

I run that on my own website and it works well.

<comment> g-garron Can you give me your website url, please?

<comment><USER19> Whoops, it's in the profile. Sorry about that. (last time I linked directly to my website in a HN comment as an example of the implementation it was accused as self-promotion.)

It's not super advanced JS but it gets the job done.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER20> Just wanted to chime in with my 2 pennies to say I agree 100% with this article.

My feeling is that if social interaction is core enough that it needs to appear on every single page of your site (or at least on core, highly trafficked pages) then the common way of doing this sucks on two levels;

1) Depending on other websites to load content? Madness.

2) Depending on JavaScript to execute core functionality? Pointless.

I have solidified my thoughts better here: [http://tosbourn.com/2013/01/development/replacing-social- med...](http://tosbourn.com/2013/01/development/replacing-social-media-share- buttons-with-non-javascript-counterparts/)

I have also written up how you can get the functionality without the JS in this github repo [https://github.com/tosbourn/nojs- socialshare](https://github.com/tosbourn/nojs-socialshare)

</comment><comment><USER21> I love how security expert Bruce Schneier ([https://www.schneier.com](https://www.schneier.com)) has implemented it. This also gives you an ability to see how popular an article is (based on the sharing numbers) if you want, which is another purpose these widgets serve.

</comment><comment><USER22> There is one downside to share links vs. buttons: visitors can't see how many times the page has already been shared.

At [https://starthq.com](https://starthq.com) we've opted for a half way solution by confining the share buttons to individual iframes. This way we don't prevent the tracking, but do contain their ability to break our page or grab users' data.

</comment><comment><USER17> In regards to not tracking users...integrating a http request to Google for JQuery, is still tracking users.

I always find this ironic about these articles _don 't track your users_, or _prism is watching, let 's use mailvelope_, some of these pages that is promoting privacy, integrates google analytics, have a share button, or some type of off server request.

<comment><USER23> The Google CDN serves its scripts from a cookie-less domain and with an aggressive far-future expires header. Best case, a given user may only need to make one request to Google per _year_ for a given script, and even when they do there aren't any tracking cookies to make that request worth much at all in terms of tracking. You're right that Analytics isn't great for privacy, but their AJAX Libraries CDN is configured in a diametrically opposite way.

</comment></comment><comment><USER24> It occurred to me yesterday how powerful Twitter must be. They must have a good portion of most peoples' web histories, which could sell for a lot in certain markets. This is all just wild speculation, but I also wonder if they made a data-sharing deal with CNN, given CNN's constant Twitter promotion over the years.

</comment><comment><USER25> The discussion is also relevant for sharing widgets (addthis and friends). If anyone is interested, I wrote about their behavior and how to circumvent them: [http://www.j-ro.me/nixing-the-dataholic-sharing- widgets.html](http://www.j-ro.me/nixing-the-dataholic-sharing-widgets.html)

</comment><comment><USER8> Your Facebook button says "Like", but it's a share. There's no liking involved.

<comment> g-garron Thanks, changing it now.

<comment><USER26> Now its not clear what the button does. Why not brand each link to match its respective network?

Edit: Your WordPress permalink code looks fine by the way.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER27> In other words it's not buttons in and if themselves that should be avoided (according to the author) but pulling in the widgets from FB, Twitter and G+. You can host the same buttons on your end (really just a picture with a link)

</comment><comment><USER28> This is about the way I see it these days. Pulling 2, 3, up to 5 outside scripts via sharing widgets is just too much. Much snappier to skip and just link out as the example shows.

</comment><comment><USER29> "and thus giving them the _possibility_ to track your visitors"

This is an understatement. There's no reason for them not to do it - it's fodder for them.

</comment><comment><USER30> An implementation that uses image maps without scripts:

[http://www.strchr.com/share_buttons](http://www.strchr.com/share_buttons)

<comment> g-garron Thanks.

</comment></comment><comment><USER29> This applies to usage of Google Fonts as well, isn't it? Similarly, Adobe gets the hold of site visitors via use.typekit.com

</comment><comment><USER31> [http://sharrre.com/](http://sharrre.com/)

</comment><comment><USER32> The links to Facebook/Twitter/etc. should best be HTTPS, I think.

<comment> g-garron Thanks for the advice. I will change them later.

</comment></comment><comment><USER33> I agree and have been replacing share buttons with an icon an link also

</comment><comment><USER34> A small typo in the title: Javascript and not _java_ script.

<comment><USER35> Which title? Anyhow, it's "JavaScript" with a capital 'S'.

<comment> g-garron The title here in HN. It was originally "Don't expose your visitors to tracking. Use share links instead of Java scripts"

It was then edited (by a moderator I assume) to reflect the actual title of the post.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER36> ...and find your click rates plummet.

Which is fine if you're OK with that cost. But a lot of users aren't going to notice those links, let alone select them, copy them and paste them.

If I already have to copy and paste a link, why not the actual page URL?

<comment><USER37> Why wouldn't users be able to click links? He is simply providing URLs for popular social sites that can be used in link hrefs to share the page being viewed. Ie,

[http://facebook.com/sharer.php?u=http://url-of-the- post](http://facebook.com/sharer.php?u=http://url-of-the-post)

You use this to make regular links that users can click, instead of buttons loaded inside iframes, etc.</comment></comment>


Meet the Man NASA Paid $18,000 to Lie in Bed for 70 Days Straight - <AUTHOR> http://nextshark.com/drew-iwanicki-nasa-study/ <comment><USER2> I don't think I could do it. I would have lost my mind.</comment>


Apple Event on September 7th - <AUTHOR> http://www.apple.com/apple-events/september-2016/ <comment><USER2> Doesn't seem so, but I still really hope they will update their MacBook Pro line. We desperately need an update.

<comment><USER3> Why? What advances in computation over the last two years would really benefit the Macbook Pro line?

SSDs are the same size

16GB RAM is still a luxury

Not many Apple applications perform better with more RAM or faster CPUs, looking at Xcode

Some Adobe products can be marginally sped up with more RAM, if you like compositing

CPUs aren't much better, skylake wasn't so phenomenal after all

GPUs on the mobile variant haven't gotten much better, and integrated graphics are still good enough.

What is your perspective? Especially on the 'desperate' part

<comment><USER4> _> 16 GB is still a luxury_

Nope nope nope. "Pro"s today use virtual machines. 32GB _must_ be an option.

If we've learnt anything from the "640k should be enough for everybody" times, is that work inevitably expands to use all available memory.

<comment><USER3> I asked for perspectives, I didn't make a proclamation that it was enough

A couple people have said more VMs, ok great, that is a valid perspective

It is interesting to see that this is on the path to confirming that there is no improvement in processing on the host OS at all then for even the edgiest of edge case developer users.

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER5> Hold your headphone jack's hand and tell it you love it, because this is the day it goes on life support.

<comment><USER6> And the day that is announced is the day I switch to Android. I'm fine with the idea of improving upon the 3.5mm headphone jack, but until we have a standard that all other phone companies use, I'm not changing.

<comment><USER7> Well, Android might be moving headphones to USB-C eventually as well, so if that's the decision, how would you feel?

<comment><USER8> If Google and Apple both came out and said 'this is the future of audio' and showed a USB3 connection to some nice Grado or Sennheisers, i'd be all ears.

Instead I suspect Apple as usual will say 'these are your new headphones' with a crappy pair of earbuds that cost eleventy gillion pounds, and we'll all retreat back to not giving a toss.

Apple are ace sometimes - I love my Macbook Pro, but smartphones are at a point where my girlfriend (an Apple fan) is considering moving to Android after seeing my Nexus 6p. Apple don't have the weight in the industry they used to have.

Basically -

1\. Headphones need to be USB3, with 2 ports available. 2\. Standard protocol, with all the bit and sample rates. 3\. DRM is fine, but it's optional 4\. Spec is open, but well defined so manufacturers, even cheap ones, can join in.

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER9> It's not reasonable for me to think they'll suddenly out of nowhere announce an amazing refresh of the Mac Pro models for the first time since 2013 is it?

Because that would be awesome.

<comment><USER10> Who knows? I don't think there's been any more reason to imagine such a thing will happen than at any point in the last three years, but if it is going to happen, this event would be when we first hear of it.

So I wouldn't get my hopes up, but I wouldn't give up on the possibility entirely, I suppose is what I'm saying here.

<comment><USER11> Actually I think it was about 3-4 years between the previous Mac Pro and current lines. That said those machines need a good modernization to things like NVME and new video cards.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER12> I'm really hoping they will announce a 27" Retina Apple Cinema Display. The old 27" one was EOL earlier this summer and I'm having a tough time finding a suitable replacement.

</comment><comment><USER13> "See you on the 7th"

They've hinted at announcements in titles and themeing before. Am I reading too much into it to hope for something AR/VR related? Obviously the event will include new iPhones, but I'm curious to see if they enter the augmented world.

</comment><comment><USER14> I'll be keeping tabs on this event just to keep alive the small glimmer of hope that they'll release the new MBP.

</comment><comment><USER15> Do the bokeh somehow suggest improved camera depth of field via the rumoured secondary sensor?

</comment><comment><USER16> Seeing the invitation title, I'd be surprised if the new iPhone is not named iPhone 7.

<comment><USER17> Also, it's next in their very predictable naming scheme.

People focus way too much on what it's called. I'd be very surprised if they don't eventually get away from the 5, 5s, 6, 6s, etc. scheme. Most of their other products have gotten away from it, including the iPad. They've already started with the iPhone SE.

<comment><USER18> They'll probably call this one the iPhone 7 because it's rumored to keep with similar styling, but with the (rumored) complete refresh next year, they'll probably just call it the iPhone.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER19> The press expects them to announce iPhone 7:

[http://www.theverge.com/2016/8/29/12429510/apple- iphone-7-ev...](http://www.theverge.com/2016/8/29/12429510/apple- iphone-7-event-date-announced)</comment>


Andrew Chen: Your ad-supported Web 2.0 startup is really a B2B enterprise in disguise - <AUTHOR> http://andrewchen.typepad.com/andrew_chens_blog/2008/04/your-ad-support.html

<comment><USER2> Clever take on the situation. However, unlike a straight up B2B play, you do still have a huge chunk of your company doing B2C work, and the more good you do in the latter, the easier the former gets.

Ask the engineers at Google and Facebook whether they feel like they're unimportant even though they're not directly bringing in the money for their company.

</comment><comment><USER3> "You have to make your product better not through superior technology, but often through superior PR, sales operations, or other non-geek issues"

Better sales/PR does not make what is being sold better. It is business development, not product development.

<comment><USER4> But if it sells better, that's better business.

Product * Business = Profit.

Better make sure Business > 0, preferably > 1\. You can worry about product perfection once you've solved The Money Problem.

<comment><USER3> He didn't say "make your business better". If he had replaced "product" with "business" I wouldn't have replied.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER5> I think Andrew's making a good point here -- if you can offer some sort of value-add to your customers, it'll help diversify your business. Virtual goods (have to be scarce and desirable!), extra services, special privileges all qualify.

But you don't need a gigantic avalanche of hits to make an ad-supported site work, _if_ your goal is to make a business that adds some cash to your pocket or might be picked up by a large organization.

The days when every startup dreamed of IPO and sky-high revenues are over. Most of us, I dare say, aren't shooting for that at all.

Yes, plentyoffish (god's favorite example) does make millions per year from ads. Like $9 million. I don't need $9 million. $2 million would be fine. Selling the business for $9 million would be even better.</comment>


Upgrading Dropbox to 16GB for 25USD - <AUTHOR> http://blog.dispatched.ch/2011/11/18/upgrading-dropbox-to-16gb-for-25usd/

<comment><USER2> I did this last week. It was my first time using google adwords, and I learnt a couple things.

Your ads: A ton of people will sign up for dropbox but not install the app, gaining you no benefit. This is probably people looking for cloud storage without the computer rights to install apps I'm guessing. My suggestion is to write in the ad copy itself that you have to download an app. When I did this I got less clicks and a higher conversion rate.

Your bids: keep your bid low. My first day, I kept bumping my bid and my daily budget, and ended up spending $50 of my credit and only getting a few completed referrals. I was spending about $.80 CPC. I reduced my budget to $20/day maxand reset the CPC bid to "auto" and adwords began bidding around $.08 max per click. It took longer, but I only spent about $10/day and got a similar number of hits. Even though when I browsed the adword campaign page it generally said it was not displaying any of my ads because my bid was low, I still accumulated ~80k views/day for around $10.

Your keywords: I got decent results using things like "send large file free", "share large file free", etc. When I used keywords like "dropbox" I was usually outbid by someone else who had a higher CPC set up.

In the end I now have a 10GB dropbox account. Aside from my wasting $50 the first day it cost me about $10/day for 3 days to accumulate enough referrals.

</comment><comment><USER3> I don't know why Dropbox STILL refuses to institute a 25GB plan. It's the most common complaint I hear. Now, people are giving their money to Google instead of Dropbox - that just totally seems backwards.

I hope they have some really solid data showing that this is irrelevant.

<comment><USER4> I'd guess it's because the pricing doesn't work out in the aggregate. If more people would downgrade to 25GB from 50GB than would be motivated to pull out their credit-card by the inclusion of a 25GB plan, the thing would be a net loss for Dropbox.

And, honestly, I can't imagine there are many people willing to pay $5/mo but unwilling to go to $10/mo. $5/mo is such a minor difference compared to the costs implicit in even _having_ a multiple-machine sync-ing problem to solve.

<comment><USER4> Thinking about it more, I wonder if Dropbox's mistake here wasn't in having too-high an initial price, but in being too-generous with the storage attached to that price.

50GB is more than most people need to sync. It feels almost _wasteful_ to have _that much_ unused storage on a 50GB plan. Perhaps 25GB should have been $10, 50GB $15 and 100GB $20.

Paying for 25GB when you only need 15GB might not feel as wasteful as paying for 50GB when you only need 15GB. Even if the net cost is the same.

<comment><USER5> That's basically what I was going to say. If you're paying $10/month for 50GB and only using a fraction of it, it feels like you're wasting money. Even if that's objectively "good value", it doesn't really matter.

It's the same basic problem subscription MMOs are facing, and why so many are going free-to-play. It's also easier to convince people to pay a bunch of small one-time fees rather than a recurring monthly or yearly fee.

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER6> Another vote to say this works - I maxed out my Dropbox referrals for about 20 bucks a few weeks ago.

This is a good way to burn those $100 AdWords credits that Google likes to hand out like candy.

<comment><USER7> Sounds like a good hack. How much did you spend and how much additional storage did you get?

<comment><USER8> He wrote "for about 20 bucks", so I suspect he spent around $20. And "maxed out my Dropbox referrals" seems to imply that he did it up to the maximum for Dropbox referrals, which is 8 GB.

<comment><USER6> You've got the first part right, but I also happen to work for a university so I associated my .edu email address to my Dropbox account. Doing that will double your referral bonus to 500MB per referral, and double your maximum free space from referrals to 16GB.

<comment><USER9> Did that happen right away that you got more space from your .edu? i put mine it and it didn't seem to do anything.

<comment><AUTHOR> For me it did happen instantly.

<comment><USER9> Huh. Did the text that says what you get change? Like from 250 to 500? Maybe I just don't know how much space I had heh.

<comment><AUTHOR> The text changed from 250 to 500, also my available space doubled. I didn't even get an email to tell me, it just happened.

<comment><USER9> Oh. i was just doing it wrong. doh!

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER10> This is clever.

I'm not sure why Dropbox doesn't offer plans with less space, and make it more affordable. For the $100/yr a 50GB account costs, you can get 100GB (plus unlimited storage of AAC/MP3 music) from Amazon via Cloud Drive. Granted, you're not getting Dropbox's excellent syncing, just storage (and streaming of music)

I'd be happy to give $20-25/yr to Dropbox for 20GB-25GB of space and syncing.

</comment><comment><USER11> The article brings up an interesting point on the side. What do users need all that space for these days? Movies? - itunes/netflix/amazon, music? - itunes, games - steam, pics - cloud/flickr/facebook.

The demand for large personal data storage (for non-pirates of course) is decreasing I say.

<comment><USER12> In my case it's pictures. Yes, some of my pictures are on Facebook and Flickr. All of them are backed up in the cloud. And I still have 3-4 different computers synced with all of them.

You can download/stream music or movies, but I can never go back in time and take family pictures again. I might be overly sensitive to it because my grandparents lost all of their pictures in a storage unit fire, but I think it is a fair point.

My pictures fill up approximately 40-60 GB. I have about 200 GB of other files, of which maybe 1GB is critical. If I lost the rest I wouldn't really care, so I only backup the pictures in the cloud.

</comment></comment><comment><USER13> Did this as well about a year ago (after referring many of my classmates), and it works. Getting the remaining referrals through AdWords took a bit more money than $25 though (about $30 for 10 referrals). Maybe could have improved the wording of the ad...

</comment><comment><USER14> With SpiderOak, all you have to do is refer 14 friends. Just throwing it out there as an alternative: <https://spideroak.com>

<comment><USER15> I've been using SpiderOak since Dropbox's misleading-advertising-about- encryption fiasco. SpiderOak is rock stable, supports full client-side encryption, offers cheaper plans, and I also got the 50% educational discount. But the sync functionality is slow as molasses.

When I log into either my desktop or my laptop, it takes several minutes before SpiderOak will actually sync any files. This gets frustrating after a while, so I sometimes just whip out a USB stick to copy the files I'd been working on.

A few weeks ago I added my VPS to my SpiderOak account. It took almost an hour for initial sync to complete, despite the fact that there was nothing to sync.

Dropbox, on the other hand, only takes as much time as it takes to transfer the actual file(s) back and forth. It doesn't even seem to scan the Dropbox folder for changes, or if it does, it's very quick. I can't imagine how they're doing this, but if Dropbox can do this, why can't SpiderOak?

</comment></comment><comment><USER16> This is proof that Dropbox's referral strategy is working. This guy spent $25 to acquire a bunch of new users for DropBox. Way cheaper than what DropBox probably pays for the same users.

Awesome post! Clever idea.

</comment><comment><USER17> I set this up 3 hours ago and I've had 2 "Joins" and one "Completed". The 2 joins were from France.

So far I have CPC on auto and capped at $0.15. Budget is at $10 per day Limited to US, UK, CA, FR English and French A mix of specific keywords (dropbox, drop box, dropbox registration) and non-specific (send large file, share files, etc.)

Adwords isn't showing any data yet. Also signed up for academic Dropbox, which I did not know about. That converted my old referrals (from back when it was new) so now I'm at 4.8GB.

</comment><comment><USER18> I did the same thing, costed me about 15 Euros to max out my referral bonus. For the first 15 signups, the conversion rate was above 40%.

</comment><comment><USER19> Non-education users can only get up to 10GB free with referrals. I accomplished that by putting a link on my website's download page.

</comment><comment><USER20> This is an awesome idea which now, due to the HN effect, will take another 60 days before it will work again, if ever.

But I plan on remembering. Very cool idea.

<comment><USER21> I made a app/bookmarklet that works pretty well in these situations: <http://app.reminderbear.com/>

Click on the bookmarklet and you can have the page you're on emailed to you in 2 months.

</comment></comment><comment><USER22> I did this last year and hit the maximum number of referrals in 5 days for about $10. I used an Ad-words voucher as well.

</comment><comment><USER23> Correct me if I am wrong, but I believed you were only allowed to do direct linking if that domain belonged to you. Seeing how that Dropbox referral is NOT then you could potentially get banned. Google has done ban waves before, and they will do it again.

</comment><comment><USER24> I have an AdWords campaign with this setup, I added all the keywords, settings etc and it never gets any clicks. I upped the CPC limit and still nothing. I want it to work but it just hasn't yet.

<comment><AUTHOR> Is Google giving you impressions for the ad?

<comment><USER24> Not even impressions.

<comment><AUTHOR> Care to share how you did the setup? I guess there's something flawed. Sounds more like it's something fundamental. Is your credit card expired? Do other AdWords campaigns work?

<comment><USER24> I have another campaign I paused when I created this one that was working. All lights are green on the interface. I've got it paused for now I figured I would try it again after the first article I had followed died down.

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER25> It worked!

In two hours, for 6 dollars, I got all the confirmed referrals.

Fun way to learn how to use Adwords.

Dug out an old .edu email account I had also, up to 18 gigs for "free" XD

</comment><comment><USER26> Yah thanks.. got my adwords account suspended

<comment> mkr-hn Contact them and get it unsuspended.

<comment><USER27> Good luck with that. AdWords is notorious for being difficult in this regard.

<comment> mkr-hn I got my account unsuspended with a simple request.

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER28> Another option is to use Amazon Mechanical Turk: [http://codyaray.com/2010/10/dropbox-referrals-using- mechanic...](http://codyaray.com/2010/10/dropbox-referrals-using-mechanical- turk)

Also, here's the Dropbox page to get additional space by connecting your social networking accounts: <https://www.dropbox.com/free>

<comment><USER2> Using mechanical turk would be against both Amazon's ToS and Dropbox's (having the turk's sign up to a service or provide personal details / email)

<comment><USER29> I don't understand why using mturk is against Dropbox's TOS. Surely from Dropbox's pov, the privacy (or loss of privacy) is identical in both the case of mturk and adwords.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER30> also see: <http://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=3126173>

</comment><comment><USER31> Clever girl.</comment>


Docker on OpenBSD 6.1 - <AUTHOR> https://medium.com/@dave_voutila/docker-on-openbsd-6-1-current-c620513b8110 <comment> git-pull Want to see a "real" effort to get Docker / Containers in (Free)BSD?

[https://github.com/kvasdopil/docker](https://github.com/kvasdopil/docker)

[https://github.com/3ofcoins/jetpack](https://github.com/3ofcoins/jetpack)

Unfortunately, they haven't been updated in a while. But _this_ is what we mean when we want docker on other hosts. use FreeBSD's native jail and linux subsystems. In other words, "OS-level virtualization" [1]

Rather than treating other platforms like second class citizens and relying on ad-hoc workarounds that require virtualbox, a middleman linux distribution running in the background; not to mention the error-prone networking redirection the aforementioned introduces.

Two points:

1\. The whole point of docker is to not have to haul in a linux distribution and a fire up a vm just to deploy something for development or production. If they're using Docker w/ a VM, they're better off just using Vagrant.

2\. FreeBSD jails work fantastic. What's keeping docker from abstracting upon that and supporting it officially, especially seeing these two implementations in the wild?

I look forward to seeing more of kvasdopil's docker fork ([https://www.freshports.org/sysutils/docker- freebsd/](https://www.freshports.org/sysutils/docker-freebsd/)) and jetpack.

[1] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating-system- level_virtual...](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating-system- level_virtualization)

<comment><USER2> The FreeBSD port of Docker was unfortunately never merged, and needs completely reworking since it was written for the old monolithic Docker. There is some interest but no one actually working on it and I have been doing some portability fixes to containerd now and then but it needs some sustained effort.

</comment></comment><comment><USER3> You could configure dockerd (in the VM) to listen on TCP [1][2], then, back in OpenBSD, define & export `DOCKER_HOST` [3] and from then on use the 'docker' client on OpenBSD [4] without even having to ssh into Alpine.

Warning: I have not yet tested this yet, but it's about the same way as it works on macOS.

Also, I would have probably tried to use boot2docker [5] as guest instead of Alpine.

[1] [https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/dockerd...](https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/dockerd/#daemon- socket-option)

[2] [https://docs.docker.com/engine/security/https/](https://docs.docker.com/engine/security/https/)

[3] [https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/cli/](https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/cli/)

[4] [https://www.freshports.org/sysutils/docker/](https://www.freshports.org/sysutils/docker/) (< you probably have to build it yourself)

[5] [https://github.com/boot2docker/boot2docker](https://github.com/boot2docker/boot2docker)

<comment><USER4> Brilliant! I totally forgot about boot2docker. I remember it from when the Docker tooling on macOS was rough.

I didn't notice the docker client was in the ports tree. I may have to give this a go later this week.

<comment><USER2> You can also use LinuxKit[1] on OpenBSD I believe; this is what we now use to build Docker for Mac and we are continuing to open source this code.

EDIT: we have an openbsd developer on the team that built LinuxKit and Docker for Mac, so we should be able to help fix any issues...

[1] [https://github.com/linuxkit/linuxkit](https://github.com/linuxkit/linuxkit)

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER5> Docker is primarily for running Linux applications on Linux (yes, I know there are things like Joyent SDC, Docker Engine on Windows etc).

So if I run Docker in a Linux VM on OpenBSD, I don't think it counts as "Docker on OpenBSD", IMHO.

<comment><USER6> How about "Docker has evolved to packaging applications"? This is where things are today, with official support by Docker for non-Linux systems, and official support by non-Linux systems for Dockerised apps.

</comment></comment><comment><USER7> more like run a vm with linux on OpenBSD

<comment><USER4> (Full disclosure, I'm the author of the Medium post.)

It's essentially the way Docker for Mac works, though Docker for Mac has far more mature tooling these days. Before the switch to macOS's native Hypervisor.framework, it was very much running VirtualBox with a Linux VM as a "shim" if you will.

For local dev work it scratches an itch for me and maybe for the minority of folks wanting to use OpenBSD as their workstation OS. ("There are dozens of us. Dozens!")

Plus it's just fun to play with VMM. :-)

<comment><USER8> Yeah, this is Docker for OpenBSD in the same sense as Docker for Mac or Docker for Windows (before the very recent changes).

The naming convention is consistent, if a bit strange.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER9> Cool project, but not what I expected it be.

</comment><comment><USER10> For those that missed it, this also implies that OpenBSD now has native hardware-level virtualization support capable of running a real-world linux application..

</comment><comment><USER11> Interesting. How did you find FreeBSD less Apple-laptop-friendly than OpenBSD? Did OpenBSD port the Broadcom Wi-Fi driver from Linux?

<comment><USER4> Suspend/resume seems to just work (at least when using X11) out of the box. I've had issues getting FreeBSD to work properly in the past, but maybe 12.0-CURRENT works better these days.

Sadly, no Broadcom support :-(

<comment><USER12> What are you doing for network access? Some sort of dongle-based connection?

<comment><USER4> I use an "Edimax EW-7811Un" (aka the N150-nano) usb wifi adapter. Only costs 8 USD on Amazon.

It uses the urtwn driver in OpenBSD and FreeBSD. It works...ok. Super small and a handy built in blue-LED so you know when it's powered and connected. I tend to leave it plugged in even when I reboot into macOS because it's pretty much ignored there due to lack of out of box macOS kernel module I believe.

<comment><USER12> I'm curious what "okay" means for you. I've got one of those tiny Edimax wifi USB adapters and it is intolerably slow. Is there some sort of performance tuning I'm missing?</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment>


My God, It's Full of Dots - <AUTHOR> http://bit-player.org/2019/my-god-its-full-of-dots <comment><USER2> In case the author is reading this:

> Sorry. My program and your browser are not getting along. None of the > interactive elements of this page will work. Could you try a different > browser? Current versions of Chrome, Firefox, and Safari seem to work.

The message is very appreciated. However, the way it blends seamlessly into the text around makes it seem like a natural part of the article. At first I thought it was intentional and that the article was going to be commentary on sites that don't work well on some or most browsers. Adding something to distinguish this text from the rest, and show that there is an actual element on the page missing, may be helpful here.

(and for clarity's sake, this was triggered because I hadn't whitelisted JS on the site. It worked fine once I allowed it)

<comment><USER3> > (and for clarity's sake, this was triggered because I hadn't whitelisted JS > on the site. It worked fine once I allowed it)

Oh well... Because it didn't load for me, I though it got "hugged to death" by HN. Smart-Me™ went over to archive.org and happily discovered that it got already indexed. I skimmed the article and was confused. Obviously, archive.org does not mirror the javascript - so it will never execute. I didn't notice the message was an actual error either.

</comment></comment><comment><USER4> It does load for me after more than a minute which is understandably caused by the hug of death.

</comment><comment><USER5> It does not open.

<comment><USER6> 20,450ms TTFB for me. Which is extremely long.

However the demonstrations are great, and some of the programs are inherently computationally expensive, so its sort of expected.

<comment><USER7> 26.79s for the document and 29.90s for the stylesheet (123kb and 9.7kb, respectively) in series for me. Took over 60s for all the content to load.

<comment><USER8> I'm wondering what is causing the congestion - it's not exactly a lot of data

<comment><USER9> Probably just volume of traffic rather than the size of the assets. Not everyone's personal site is hosted on auto-scaling could services et al. So often you'll see stuff get "hugged to death" (as it's affectionately known) just due to the site's own popularity.

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER10> I love this type of long, interactive deep-dive into a particular topic. The site is loading veeeery slowly but it is worth waiting a minute for it to appear. So much content to ingest.

</comment><comment><USER11> Very cool, exploring math visually like this fills me with harmonic happiness.</comment>


Building a Chording Keyboard: Progress So Far - <AUTHOR> http://blog.mattgauger.com/blog/2013/08/03/building-a-chording-keyboard-lessons-learned-and-progress-so-far/

<comment><USER2> Awesome project thanks for sharing.

A few months ago I started on a project to make a 'grip' style chording keyboard [0] also based on the teensy, sadly the project has stalled for a bit (graduated and got a full-time).

I have the keys wired [1] but haven't figure out a nice way to mount them yet, and the firmware isn't finished.

[0] [http://geekhack.org/index.php?topic=43132](http://geekhack.org/index.php?topic=43132) [1] [http://i.imgur.com/zQiYmQC.jpg](http://i.imgur.com/zQiYmQC.jpg)

EDIT: I always found it a bit sad that I was unable to find much documentation on how Engelbart's original chording keyboard worked, does anyone know of a source where I can read how the keys are chorded?

<comment><USER3> I received a reply on Twitter from Bill Buxton, who worked at Xerox/PARC and other cool places, pointing me at this chapter out of his book:

[http://www.billbuxton.com/input06.ChordKeyboards.pdf](http://www.billbuxton.com/input06.ChordKeyboards.pdf)

The section "The NLS System: Engelbart and English" contains the most detailed explanation of Engelbart's chording keyboard that I've found, and the rest of the chapter is an interesting read.

</comment></comment><comment><USER4> Can't find anything on Google, but I saw a docco at least ten years ago of a marine biologist who made one of these for taking notes underwater.

It had four waterproof buttons, and by pressing various combos he could type one-handed underwater while holding scientific instruments or a camera.

I thought at the time it would be awesome for wearable computers.

<comment><USER5> Chording keyboards are very common with wearables. The Twiddler being a common example: [http://www.handykey.com/](http://www.handykey.com/)

<comment><USER6> Fun fact: the Twiddler was a mainstay of Thad Starner's wearable. (Thad was the tech lead behind Google Glass.) Thad had pretty impressive WPM on a Twiddler... 80-90 WPM IIRC.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER7> Chording keyboard may get popular in the future.

Wearable Computing researchers usually use a chording keyboard for typing. You could see how this work with Emacs in real life by Thad Starner (a technical lead on Google's Project Glass) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_V2i_7oX8mw](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_V2i_7oX8mw)

</comment><comment><USER8> I have wanted to make an infrared-based chording keyboard. Using an infrared camera, monitor the velocity of the five brightest points and consider a fingertip contracting to be keypress. Throw a small infrared LED into the front of a smartphone and a forward facing infrared camera and voila, smartphone chording keyboard, without taking up any screenspace.

</comment><comment><USER9> My friend Zack made one called asetniop: [http://asetniop.com/](http://asetniop.com/)

Now he's working on something similar for Leap Motion and Google Glass: [http://dextype.com/](http://dextype.com/)

<comment><USER3> I'm really looking forward to getting a Leap Motion device! I think there's a lot of possibility there for programmers that are interested in building a new input method.

My thinking is that a Leap Motion could be used with a standing desk (my current preferred desk setup), in combination with existing keyboard and mouse, to replace key combos to the OS like switching windows/tabs, window management (maximize, minimize, expand to left half of screen, etc.) as well as macros for common commands we type all day (`git push` or running the tests, for example.)

</comment></comment><comment><USER10> I had a Microwriter Agenda for a few years (until it got stuck in a system loop and sounded a reminder alarm every hour until the battery pack ran out) - had a great chording keyboard.

Recently purchased a CyKey [1] (a follow-on by the designer of the Microwriter Keyboard) and it works well (but I think my hands are too small for it).

In both cases I've fond that eventually my hand learns the key strokes and I never forget them, but symbols, brackets etc. are hard to do.

[1] [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CyKey](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CyKey)

</comment><comment><USER11> I was pretty excited about [http://chordite.com/](http://chordite.com/) for a while, but at the moment it's still a build-your-own proposition and I struggle to find the time.

I'd really like a non-dominant-hand, bluetooth, chordal keyboard that can replace the mouse and enables decent typing speed suitable for development (i.e. reasonably easy to type { } [ ] , . @ : / \ *, and supports shortcuts).

</comment><comment><USER12> Chord keyboards are pretty cool, historically. I suspect that the reason for their demise was the notion of "keyboard shortcuts" (Ctrl key, alt key, etc) taking over most of their functionality.

</comment><comment><USER13> Orthogonally, i've always wanted a decent pair of foot pedals just to cover Shift, Control, Option and Alt or run key macros. It might be possible to coopt one of the new USB guitar pedals that also control DAW (Logic, ProTools), shd investigate something like:

[http://www.americanmusical.com/Item--i-TCE-GSYSTEM- LIST](http://www.americanmusical.com/Item--i-TCE-GSYSTEM-LIST)

<comment><USER3> This is in the works. While it won't be three pedals to start, I realized the simplicity of wiring the Teensy to a digital piano foot pedal (like this: [http://www.amazon.com/M-Audio-Sustain-Pedal-Action- Keyboards...](http://www.amazon.com/M-Audio-Sustain-Pedal-Action- Keyboards/dp/B00063678K/)) to build a relatively cheap, durable foot pedal for computing. I'll be posting about that sub-project soon on my blog.

One thought, since the Teensy can detect button press and button release events, is to code a vim mode where holding the pedal puts you in insert mode and releasing the pedal hits ESC to leave insert mode. We'll see how that works out in practice.

For 3 pedals, you could go with a DIY guitar pedal solution of project boxes and 3 momentary stomp switches ([http://www.mammothelectronics.com/](http://www.mammothelectronics.com/) is a good supplier of these parts) but I am unsure about the ergonomics of using one of these pedals constantly. (Guitarists simply stomp them on and off from a standing position. They're generally not pressing and holding the switches for 8 hours from a chair. So it might just cause foot/ankle problems due to the height of the front of the enclosure. More experimentation is needed on my part in this area.) Such a pedal would be way cheaper than the commercial versions from Kinesis and other manufacturers, however, and should be far more configurable / useful on Linux & Mac.

<comment><USER3> For those interested, I just posted about my foot pedal project: [http://blog.mattgauger.com/blog/2013/08/06/a-simple-text- edi...](http://blog.mattgauger.com/blog/2013/08/06/a-simple-text-editor-foot- pedal/)

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER14> I built a 7-key chording keyset based on the Spiffchorder. It should be adaptable to almost any configuration. Mine came out a bit blocky and hard to use due to crappy buttons.

<comment><USER3> I have found the Cherry MX switches to be fairly good and reasonably priced.

I did some research to see if anyone had open sourced a design for a 3D printer to print a Spiffchorder, but I didn't find anything. Maybe that's the next step? 3D printing these iteratively, to see what fits and what needs to change, seems like a huge win for developing a wearable chording keyboard that is comfortable and durable.

</comment></comment><comment><USER15> I've always wondered about the usability of a chording keyboard with a smart phone's edge (or an xPad) and four areas under the fingers.

(Four buttons is quite few combinations. You probably need the thumb too, with two-three alternative buttons for it.)

It would be easy to have a learning mode which give feedback about possible combinations, since it is on a screen.

My only (hobby) programming for mobile has been on iOS, where the system keyboard isn't easily replaced. There seems to be things like this in the Android store? Anyone know why this didn't work well enough to be popular?

<comment><AUTHOR> You might be interested in this[1] which was posted to HN some time ago. iOS is a no-go for this sort of thing for now at least, but I'm unfamiliar with Android. For hardware modules I think the thumbs work very well as a modal control, but on a small touch screen I don't know how it would work.

[1] [http://asetniop.com/](http://asetniop.com/)

<comment><USER15> Thanks! I missed that.

(They should have "Desktop version" and "iPad version" bigger on the page you linked. I browsed a bit before finding those. Can you buy hardware somewhere?)</comment></comment></comment>


Covid vaccine passes phase 1 human trial - <AUTHOR> https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)31208-3/fulltext <comment><USER2> ...which, to reiterate, just means it's not extremely dangerous to healthy people.

</comment><comment><USER3> This does not say that the vaccine is actually _effective_ in preventing infection. That is not the point of phase 1 trials, and there was no statement to that effect.

What they have demonstrated is preliminary _safety_ of a possible vaccine through no severe adverse effects, and also that it did produce some type of immune system response.

Phase 2 trials will begin to determine the actual effectiveness of the vaccine.

</comment><comment><USER4> Compared to the other vaccines in study, this one has a significant limitation: a lot of the population has antibodies against the Ad5 vector used to deliver the antigen, which significantly lowers the efficacy. High doses to contrast this effect were met with adverse events, so this means that Phase 2 and 3 protocols will need to be adjusted.

<comment><USER5> Would the use of the Adenovirus vector used here foreclose future gene therapies delivered with a similar vector? If so, that could devastate in one go a lot of people's ability to get specific therapies as they start to come online in the next decade.

<comment><USER4> It is actually a very known problem for gene therapies. IIRC, similar vectors were used in the past, with the same problem, of course.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER6> > Our findings suggest that the Ad5 vectored COVID-19 vaccine warrants further > investigation.

It's good that they aren't expressing this like a "Eureka, we did it". At least we have one candidate. Let's see what else comes our way.

</comment><comment><USER7> Is The Lancet considered a good/unbiased journal? As someone who is not a medical researcher, my awareness of it comes mainly from their various controversies (link between vaccines and autism, Iraq war deaths, letter for Gaza, etc).

<comment><USER8> It is generally well-regarded. Its editors have a political position that is occasionally exhibited in the publication of agenda-based content, but for the most part and with all the usual caveats it is trustworthy where scientific papers are concerned.

</comment></comment><comment><USER9> At n=109, and the multitude of reported observed side effects, I would still much prefer the virus over this supposed vaccine...

</comment><comment><USER10> Zero chance the American public are going to tolerate wide distribution of a vaccine from a Chinese company. And with the side effects, I can't imagine how it will be presented. Plus the study is only 18-60 which excludes the high risk population.

<comment><USER11> The thought experiment is fascinating.

Say, the United States votes Trump in for a 2nd term. And he goes on a media blitz to convince people to not take the China vaccine.

Meanwhile, the rest of the world takes it. The vaccine is ultimately successful, and Covid-19 is effectively eliminated.

What will happen to the United States? Will the virus continue to ravage the country and the economy? Meanwhile, the rest of the world begins their economic recovery.

Never could I imagine that this idea would even be a probability. But yet, here we are.

<comment><USER12> > Trump in for a 2nd term. And he goes on a media blitz to convince people to > not take the China vaccine.

Why would he do that? He's in the pockets of big pharma. The president is pretty much a puppet. Both Biden and Trump will push any vaccine presented to them by the big pharma giants (Gavi/Gates/GSK/Bayer/etc.) because that's the base that supports them. Biden and Trump may promote different vaccines from different companies, but it's just depends on which one gets elected and which particular giants are backing that candidate.</comment></comment></comment>


"Keep off the pounds or lose your mind more rapidly." - <AUTHOR> http://www.futurepundit.com/archives/006970.html

<comment><USER2> _"We need great weight loss drugs that adjust the metabolism to keep weight off without side effects."_

Talk about missing the point. As discussed in Good Calories, Bad Calories (aka The Diet Delusion), there was a study done of mice in which a group of mice was bred with knockout genes in order to be much more obese than normal mice. However, they were given the exact same diet as a group of normal, healthy mice. The obese mice had no higher rates of any of the illnesses commonly associated with obesity (diabetes, heart attacks, etc).

But a group of mice that were fed with an unhealthy diet to become equally obese had all of those problems.

Obesity and other health issues have a common cause. Obesity does not cause (most) health issues it is commonly associated with. Solving obesity without solving the common cause will do little more than make us feel better about ourselves.

Being obese doesn't make you unhealthy--being unhealthy makes you obese.

<comment><USER3> The above is misleading and wishful thinking. Compare with the papers and disease mechanisms referenced in these posts:

[http://www.fightaging.org/archives/2008/03/lose-the- visceral...](http://www.fightaging.org/archives/2008/03/lose-the-visceral- fat.php)

[http://www.fightaging.org/archives/2008/01/how-excess-fat- ti...](http://www.fightaging.org/archives/2008/01/how-excess-fat-tissue- slowly-destroys-you.php)

It's the fat.

<comment><USER2> It's "wishful thinking" to say that a "magical drug" won't solve all our problems? Seriously?

I'm pretty sure the people proclaiming that all we need is a miracle drug to eliminate fat are the ones involved in wishful thinking.

Read the facts: [http://higher-thought.net/complete-notes-to-good-calories- ba...](http://higher-thought.net/complete-notes-to-good-calories-bad- calories/). Being fat may have some health costs, but the primary impact is caused by the diet that _made_ you fat. If you believe that simply removing the fat caused by an unhealthy diet will make you healthy again, now _that_ is wishful thinking.

If you don't eat healthy, you won't be healthy, no matter how many pills you swallow and how much you exercise.

<comment><USER4> Based on my wife, who has lost a whole bunch of weight, some weight loss tips:

      * Other than say breakfast cereal and snack soups, eat mainly or only food cooked at home,
      * By implication, no fast food,
      * Lean toward simple minimally processed ingredients,
      * No soda,
      * Buy smaller plates, US standard dinner plates are way too big,
      * For any restaurant, only ever eat half the portion. Sack the rest and eat as leftovers later in the week,
      * Where possible, avoid foods such as bread, ready meals, cereal, jams and jellies that contain HFCS,

This ideas can be eased into over a period of months, and will lead to a much healthier diet, and as a bonus, will teach you to cook.

As a further bonus, a diet like this cut our grocery bill for two down to around $300 / month. And we still get dessert!

<comment><USER2> I did something similar: near the end of January I dropped all soda, increased the amount of meat, cheese, eggs, and vegetables in my diet, and removed almost all rice, pasta, and bread from my diet. I added a large water bottle to my desk and drank it all day.

I kept some desserts, but replaced all my snacks with cashews and other nuts (high fat/protein content, low carbs).

I've lost almost 20 pounds since then. It's damn effective.

<comment><USER4> Yeah, we've been spreading the word.

I'm not a big guy, but I was getting kinda burly. I made one change, which was eating only half a Chipotle burrito bowl for lunch, instead of the whole thing. That ONE CHANGE dropped me 10 - 15 pounds.

No doubt about it, soda and processed food are poison. It not even like you have to go full-on zealot, just a trip back 20 years to eating meatloaf, nuts, vegetables, home-made bread.

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER5> Growth Hormone is stimulated by exercise. The simplified story is that GH puts sugar into cells so that it can be used. Sure you can choose to buy that diet drink if you don't stimulate much GH (don't yell at the food companies for giving people what they buy) but if you ride your bike and take the stairs having that coke will only leave you with a smile.

Excess sugar, on the other hand,is toxic as we just ain't used to it (evolution). If too much sugar floats around the blood the immune system feels the need to respond and the sugar related molecules collect and glom into more antigenic moiety junk...blah,blah we then get chemical and physical reactions and clogging of capillaries and membrane pores and all that other complicated stuff. Bad for most systems in the body, it's only been recent that we figured the brain was just as susceptible as the tiny nerves and the tiny arterioles surrounding the nerves in the toe of a diabetic.

Bodies can make sugar out of other nutritive molecules. In general, eat less sugar and stimulate more Growth Hormone by exercise. GH is a true fountain of youth.

</comment><comment><USER6> From the article: _"We need great weight loss drugs that adjust the metabolism to keep weight off without side effects."_

Or we could encourage healthier lifestyles. A good start would be introducing requirements for pedestrian footpaths and bike lanes in new communities. Trying to walk or ride a bike in many recently built communities is either impossible or scary.

That's just one idea, there's a lot of others out there. The bottom line is that if we sit on our butts all day and eat high-caloric sugary foods, then we're going to get fat. That's simply the way our biology is wired. I have a hard time imagining that any new wonder-drug is going to change those fundamentals.

<comment><USER7> How about encouraging food producers to stop sticking sugar and/or high- fructose corn syrup into _EVERYTHING_. I'm almost to the point that I feel I could go to the store and look at the ingredients for a container of salt and see sugar/HFCS in there instead of just 'salt.'

<comment><USER8> _"... food producers to stop sticking sugar and/or high-fructose corn syrup into EVERYTHING. ..."_

That is a sign you are eating the wrong things. Just as I like my gasses simple [0] so I like my food simple. In fact a Scot would recognise my breakfast (Oats) and any Italian, Greek or Frenchman would recognise what I'm having for lunch (vegetables celery tomato cabbage spring onion spices olive oil soy sauce spices as the noodles & meat are gone) ~ <http://www.flickr.com/photos/bootload/4383706461/> left over from last night.

As Jamie Oliver was quoted in TheAge, Good Weekend, p20: "There's a new type of poverty and it's f...ing knowledge poverty".

[0] Obscure Zodiac reference: "...The simpler the molecule, the better the drug. So the best drug is oxygen. Only two atoms. The second-best, nitrous oxide—a mere three atoms. The third-best, ethanol—nine. Past that, you're talking lots of atoms ..." ~ [http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Neal_Stephenson#Zodiac_.281988....](http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Neal_Stephenson#Zodiac_.281988.29)

<comment><USER7> > _That is a sign you are eating the wrong things._

Really? Do I really need to have HFCS in my whole-grain bread? Or am I 'eating the wrong things?' I'm not talking about removing sugar from donuts or pastries in some attempt to eat junk food and still not get fat. I mean, I'm sure that I could find HFCS in _mustard_ or all things.

This is also not to mention all of the fruit juices/cocktails that are on supermarket shelves that are so _loaded_ with additional sugar or HFCS that I can't even drink them. It would be nice to not have to pay twice the price to get a bottle with 100% juice in it or at the very least have a larger selection of juices that aren't loaded with sugar. It's not even that I'm a huge juice drinker. It's just depressing to see some juice at the grocery store that sounds like an interesting blend of fruit flavors only to realize that the first ingredient on the list is sugar. I mean how many people are actually reading those labels? They are probably buying those bottles of juice thinking that it's somehow more 'healthy' than drinking soda, only to be deceived by the juice companies.

<comment><USER8> _"... his is also not to mention all of the fruit juices/cocktails .."_

Squeeze your own so you know what's in it.

 _"... Do I really need to have HFCS in my whole-grain bread? ..."_

Harder, but find a better baker.

 _"... It's just depressing to see some juice at the grocery store that sounds like an interesting blend of fruit flavors only to realize that the first ingredient on the list is sugar. I mean how many people are actually reading those labels? They are probably buying those bottles of juice thinking that it's somehow more 'healthy' than drinking soda, only to be deceived by the juice companies. ..."_

Look I agree. What's not happening is transparency in food processing. That's why I try to remove the processing out of my food. Am I 100% successful, no. But by buying the raw ingredients and cooking them up myself I can attempt to avoid this problem.

Of course the next bit is knowing sovereignty of fruit and vegetables. But that's another problem. I guess as a consumer _we_ can vote with our dollars to make a difference here.

<comment><USER7> I really think that we need to bring this issue to the fore-front rather than this 'vote with your dollar' stuff. I'm not in favor of government intervention per-se, but eliminating any government subsidies that promote usage of additives could be on the docket. "Vote with your dollar," doesn't really work as a solution unless you reach a critical mass of people that are willing to vote with their dollar. Raising awareness is also a crucial step.

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER3> A couple more along those lines:

[http://www.fightaging.org/archives/2008/03/a-gentle- reminder...](http://www.fightaging.org/archives/2008/03/a-gentle-reminder- that-fat-will-eat-your-mind.php)

[http://www.fightaging.org/archives/2009/12/grow-fat-and- lazy...](http://www.fightaging.org/archives/2009/12/grow-fat-and-lazy-and- vascular-dementia-awaits.php)

There's a lot of research to link accumulated visceral fat tissue to aspects of accelerated degenerative aging. Also, separately, a weight of research linking the body's responses to the overeating and lack of exercise needed for most people to build up that fat to aspects of accelerated degenerative aging.

</comment><comment><USER9> [http://biomedgerontology.oxfordjournals.org/content/65A/1/57...](http://biomedgerontology.oxfordjournals.org/content/65A/1/57.full)

</comment><comment><USER10> Correlation ≠ Causality</comment>


Ask HN: JPEG Compression - Which tool makes the smallest files? - <AUTHOR>

There are a number of tools for compressing JPEG files. Do some compress better than others? If so, which tends to compress the best? <comment><USER2> I don't think there are actually that much differences between different tools, because the JPEG compression is standardized. If your default image tool (I prefer GIMP), supports a level-based compression control, you just need to figure out how much details you are willing to lose. Here is a good article on that: [http://www.codinghorror.com/blog/2006/07/a-comparison-of- jpe...](http://www.codinghorror.com/blog/2006/07/a-comparison-of-jpeg- compression-levels-and-recompression.html)</comment>