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4th of July Crafts and Recipes
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3D Felt Stars
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Use sturdy felt sheets to create table toppers or hanging ornaments for 4th of July decorating. This 4th of July craft project from The New Image Group is quick and easy for any skill level.
- Scissors
- 2 12 x 18 EZ Felt Sheets(2 Different Colors)
- Dimensional Star Topper Template
Optional Supplies:
- 9 x 12 Stick-It Felt Sheets
- Stick-It Felt Stickers
- Draw two identical stars on EZ Felt or download the template here.
- Cut out stars from pattern.
- Cut the corresponding slits on each star. One star will have a slit going from an outer corner to the center point. On the other star, the slit goes from an inner corner to the center point of the star.
- Slip the two stars together.
- Optional Steps: If you would like to take your Star Table Topper to a new dimension, try decorating with Stick-It Felt Sheets and Stickers to create a wonderful flag interpretation.
- You can also punch a hole in one of the corners and make a wonderful patriotic ornament!
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i added solders names to the stars it was a big hit
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The Walking Dead for the Xbox 360 has stuttering problems.
According to an official forum post, "Xbox 360 4GB models not fitted with an internal hard disk drive, playing the disc-based (retail) version of the game" are having issues.
The obvious remedy to the problem is to buy an internal disk drive compatible with the Xbox360 4GB console, but those who can't acquire one, Telltale is giving gamers codes to download all of season one (5 episodes) from the Xbox Live Marketplace for free.
Visit the official forum post here to learn how to get the codes.
News Story
Retail version of The Walking Dead for 360 suffering stuttering problems
10 January 2013 | By JonahFalcon
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subset: commoncrawl


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Forsman has conducted research on northern spotted owls since 1972, and since 1987 has worked with an interagency group of scientists and managers to carry out long-term studies of population trends of the owl. The work of this group has been critical to the conservation of the owl and has led forest managers to experiment with alternative methods of silviculture on federal lands to grow trees that simulate conditions found in old-growth forests.
Results of this research/management partnership have been published in many journal articles and research reports, including wildlife monographs reporting on population trends and dispersal, as well as papers on diet, habitat use, and home range areas. A major publication is Northwest Forest Planthe First 10 Years (1994-2003): Status and Trends of Northern Spotted Owl Populations and Habitat.
Other partners who will be recognized at the awards ceremony with Forsman are Ray Davis, Umpqua National Forest; Jon Martin, Tongass National Forest (formerly with Region 6 of the Forest Service); Shawne Mohoric, Region 6, Forest Service; Joseph Lint, Bureau of Land Management, Oregon State Office; Robert Anthony, US Geological Survey and Oregon State University; Carl Schwarz, Simon Fraser University; Jim Nichols and Jim Hines, US Geological Survey Patuxent Wildlife Research Center; Alan Franklin, David Anderson, Ken Burnham, and Gary White, Colorado State University.
|Contact: Sherri Richardson Dodge
USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station


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DEFINITION of 'Profit Margin'
A ratio of profitability calculated as net income divided by revenues, or net profits divided by sales. It measures how much out of every dollar of sales a company actually keeps in earnings.
Profit margin is very useful when comparing companies in similar industries. A higher profit margin indicates a more profitable company that has better control over its costs compared to its competitors. Profit margin is displayed as a percentage; a 20\% profit margin, for example, means the company has a net income of $0.20 for each dollar of sales.
Also known as Net Profit Margin.
INVESTOPEDIA EXPLAINS 'Profit Margin'
Looking at the earnings of a company often doesn't tell the entire story. Increased earnings are good, but an increase does not mean that the profit margin of a company is improving. For instance, if a company has costs that have increased at a greater rate than sales, it leads to a lower profit margin. This is an indication that costs need to be under better control.
Imagine a company has a net income of $10 million from sales of $100 million, giving it a profit margin of 10% ($10 million/$100 million). If in the next year net income rises to $15 million on sales of $200 million, the company's profit margin would fall to 7.5%. So while the company increased its net income, it has done so with diminishing profit margins.
|Things to remember
To know more about profit margins, read A Look At Corporate Profit Margins and Profitability Indicator Ratios: Profit Margin Analysis.
Assessable ProfitTaxable income payable after accounting for allowable deductions. ...
Capitalization Of ProfitsConverting a company's retained earnings, which represent the ...
Profit TargetA predetermined point at which an investor will exit a trade ...
Profit-Volume (PV) ChartA graphic that shows the relationship between a company's earnings ...
Profitability Index RuleA regulation for evaluating whether to proceed with a project ...
Pretax Profit MarginA company's earnings before tax as a percentage of total sales ...
Why is the EBITDA margin considered to be a good indicator of a company's financial ...The EBITDA margin is a considered to be a good indicator of a company's financial health, because it evaluates a company's ... Read Full Answer >>
How does ratio analysis make it easier to compare different companies?Ratio analysis provides an investor with tools to analyze a company's financial statements. Investors use ratios to evaluate ... Read Full Answer >>
What are the main reasons for investing in the internet sector?The main reasons for investing in the Internet sector are the higher-than-average earnings growth, profit margins and return ... Read Full Answer >>
What is the average profit margin for a company in the oil & gas drilling sector?Investors looking for portfolio diversification through sector-specific funds can find multiple opportunities within the ... Read Full Answer >>
What is the average profit margin for a company in the forest products sector?Sector-specific funds can provide investors an opportunity to diversify with a wide range of companies, including those operating ... Read Full Answer >>
What is the difference between operating margin and profit margin?There are three common profit margin measures used to evaluate a company's financial condition and prospects for growth. ... Read Full Answer >>
What are the sources of funding available for companies?Despite all the differences among companies, there are only a few sources of funds available to all firms. 1. They make ... Read Full Answer >>
What would happen to a company's external fund requirements if it reduces the payout ...In short, the stronger the company's internal cash flow, and in turn cash position, the less the need to draw on an external ... Read Full Answer >>
How rapidly can expanding sales reduce a firm's earnings?In order to operate and make money, a company must spend money. Revenue - the dollar amount of sales - can be seen on a company's ... Read Full Answer >>
Gross ProfitGross Profit is one of several important measurements of a company's profitability.
Investing Basics
Analyze Investments Quickly With RatiosMake informed decisions about your investments with these easy equations.
Fundamental Analysis
The Value of Profitability RatiosHow is a company being run? Is it generating profits? The answer to these questions lies in analyzing the profitability ratios of a company.
A Look At Corporate Profit MarginsTake a deeper look at a company's profitability with the help of profit margin ratios.
Operating ProfitOperating profit is the profit generated from the core business of a company before accounting for interest and taxes.
Fundamental Analysis
The Gross MarginA business's "gross margin" is a rough gauge of how profitable its operations are. It measures how much sales revenue the company retains after all of the direct costs associated with making ...
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Warren Buffett: How He Does ItWe look at the Sage of Omaha's methodology for evaluating value stocks.
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Spotting Profitability With ROCEThis straightforward ratio measures whether a company is efficient, money-making or neither.
Investing Basics
MarginFind out exactly what margin is and why it's important.
Fundamental Analysis
Analyzing Operating MarginsFind out how to put this important component of equity analysis to work for you.


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Stone Park Rv Park
Bonne Terre, Missouri
Phone: 314-769-2283
Visit Campground Website
Sites: 15
Recent Rate: $32 5/2013
Latitude: 37.9856795288634
Longitude: -90.532125795868
These reviews are the opinion of an RVParkReviews' member and not the views of RVParkReviews.com
Date of Stay: May, 2013 - $32.00
This park is a work in progress. I would check back in 5 years, around 2018. First off the entry road is very narrow, one lane only, windy and drop offs on both sides. The sites are gravel with a downward slope so leveling is very difficult on some sites and would be almost impossible on others. It rained several days before we arrives and so our tires sunk into the mud as we entered the sites. Then exit road from the pull through sites is very tight plus the road has deep gulleys. We will need to back out of the site to avoid all the ruts in the road. There are no amenities, shower house or bathroom. Also there are no staff on site. We had to schedule an appointment to pay our bill. The view from our front window is the highway. We would not recommend this campground . We camped at Stone Park Rv Park in a Motorhome.Undo
4 Ratings
Bonne Terre, Missouri
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Latest Internships.com Stories
Expands Career Opportunities for College Students Adding the World's Largest Student-Focused Internship Marketplace SANTA CLARA, Calif., Oct. 2, 2014 /PRNewswire/ -- Chegg, Inc.
Ninety-three percent of students and recent graduates think universities should incorporate more career-oriented curriculum; 79% of employers consider nontraditional credentials (certifications,
New Sports Microsite Features Hundreds of Sports Internships for Students and Recent Graduates Looking to Break Into Sports Industry Los Angeles, CA (PRWEB)
56% of Companies Plan to Hire More Interns in 2014 vs 2013 and 62% Plan to Implement a More Structured Internship Program Los Angeles, CA (PRWEB) January 23,
Chegg and Internships.com Announces Partnership to Provide Students Exclusive Access to Thousands of Internships and Employers, Increasing Success after Graduation SANTA CLARA, Calif.,
Exclusive internships application launched for Lumia Windows Phone 8 smartphones. Burbank, California (PRWEB) September 24, 2013
Cities of Tucson, Grand Rapids and Los Angeles using Internships.com to enable youth and local businesses to connect. Burbank, CA (PRWEB) June 03, 2013
The partnership provides a platform to connect local students with businesses across the state of Delaware. Wilmington, DE (PRWEB) May 20, 2013 The Delaware
- A bereavement by loss of parents or children; the state of being orbate; orbation.


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C3A ChamferMate® - Pipe Beveling and Deburring Machine
|View C3A ChamferMate Video
|ChamferMate C3A Factsheet
|ChamferMate Specifications PDF
|Download the Maintenance Guide
|Download a Spare Parts List
The ChamferMate® Model C3A is a compact pipe beveling machine / chamfering machine that features a rigid one-piece ductile iron vise, top plate and spindle housing, linear ball rails, a heavy-duty three-bearing spindle and an electronic variable-speed drive to provide years of dependable service. The ChamferMate C3A is commonly used as a deburring machine. With a 3 inch OD capacity, solid bar, bolts, pipe, and tubing can be machined or deburred easily and efficiently.
Pipe Beveling Standard Features
- 1/2" to 3" Pipe Beveling Diameter Capacity
- 500 to 2000 rpm electronic variable speed drive
- adjustable cutter head for OD chamfering
- totally enclosed cutting area with chip drawer
- fully adjustable feed rate
- through-the-spindle stop rod
- 3-HP / 3 phase motor
- forklift slots
- collet and tool rack on side
- compact 24" x 36" floor space
Pipe Beveling Options Available
- sliding stop for tubing or pipe
- three-tool head for ID, OD and facing of tubing or pipe
- 5-HP motor
- custom angle tool holders
- OD turning head
- center drill head
- pencil-pointing head
- casters
- coolant
Product Photos
Benefits of our chamfering machines and pipe beveling machines include:
- No more hand-grinding or torching of weld bevels
- Automated pipe beveling machines are many times faster than portable units
- Cycle normally in the 5-20 second range
- Safer than hand grinding
- Accurately machines weld bevel and faces pipe square
- Sturdy construction and quality materials for years of dependable service
- Pipe beveling machines have low operating costs


text:
Currently unavailable for purchase
Just playing around with a model up for most things. just trying to find a way of showing how beautiful eyes are.Canon 400D50mm f1.8
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Runtastic Heart Rate Monitor & Pulse Tracker PRO
By runtastic
Open iTunes to buy and download apps.
Turn your iPhone into your personal HEART RATE MONITOR - yep, that's possible!
Everyone's maximum heart rate is different, and also our resting heart rates vary based on our age and training level. Want to know your resting heart rate or find out how fast your heart is beating after a certain fitness activity? Get Runtastic Heart Rate PRO to not only measure your pulse, but also compare different results, receive reminders for regular HR measurements and benefit from an array of additional features. Whether it's after a hard training session or before your next exam - we show you how fast your heart is beating. No extra devices necessary, all you need is your iPhone. Easy as pie, right? Go PRO today!
- Unlimited measurements: Determine your heart rate anytime, anywhere & as often as you like
- Use filters: Filter your measurements according to type (resting HR, pre-& post-workout HR, maximum HR)
- Graphs to monitor your progress: Monitor how your resting heart rate develops
- Reminder: Receive automatic notifications for regular HR measurements
- No ads
- Measure your heart rate with your iPhone camera
- Graphs illustrate your measurements
- Different measuring types: resting HR, pre- & post-workout HR, maximum HR
- Upload your results to Runtastic.com, compare and analyze your measurements by day, week or year
- Share your HR measurements in social networks like Facebook & Twitter or via email
- Place and lightly hold your (index) finger against the back camera lens
- Do not press too hard, otherwise blood circulation will be altered and the results could be
- When using an iPhone without a flashlight, be sure to take the measurement in a well-lit area (bright daylight works best)
- Remain calm and try not to move too much during the measurement, as this can compromise measurement accuracy
- Do not measure with cold fingers when the blood circulation is poor
Your resting heart rate varies depending on your age and training level. A very fit and athletic person has a lower resting HR than someone who's hardly active. Eager to know if your fitness level has improved? Measure your heart rate on a regular basis and monitor the progress of your resting heart rate.
Download the Runtastic Heart Rate PRO App today, check your heart rate regularly and show your friends how cool & calm you remain even when in a seemingly stressful situation!
*This app is not yet optimized for iPhone 6 or 6+. We are currently working on revising the technology of this app to meet the needs of the new phone design.
WARNING: This is not a medical product.
What's New in Version 1.2.1
Minor Bugfixes
Enjoy the latest version of our app! We look forward to your helpful reviews in the App Store!
iPhone Screenshot
Customer Reviews
Worse than free version
Edit: If on an iPhone 6, don't bother with this app. After upgrading my phone I truly did waste my money on this. Further, with no updates to this app since January, it is clear that the developers have no intentions of fixing the problems reported. Save your money and buy a better app.
I originally tried the free version of this app for a science project with my daughter and it worked well enough that when I started needing to check my heart rate often I bought the full version. I should have either kept the free version or bought something else. Sure, there are no annoying ads for games, but when I need to get a heart rate quickly I don't like first having to exit ADS for the company's other apps! I paid to get rid of ads, not have the game ones gone but still have ads! The app also hangs and crashes quite a bit on my iPhone5 when the free version didn't! Sure, it was only $2 but I could have saved my money and bought an app that was actually ad free and stable with that instead. If updates fix this I will revise my review. As it stands, my money feels wasted.
Room for improvement
It does everything it says, and though I haven't compared.. I have no reason to doubt the accuracy. However, I do wish there were more options for times taken, a customizable list would be nice: for people who test things like waking up, going to bed, before/after meal rather than "general."
Lastly, this is just personal, but I'd love the option of turning the phone sideways or something and getting a graph view with adjustable time frames and multiple filters at once. I know changing an app is a lot of trouble though, so I don't expect this from the busy team but keep up the good work!
Bad App
I have tried this app many times on my iPad Air. I followed the instructions about going in to General settings and turning on background refresh, but this program doesn't even show up in the list of programs that can be refreshed. I want to App Store to see the list of apps purchased to see if the program needs to be updated. And could not find it in the list of programs purchased even though it shows up on my screen as being available and I am able to open it. I try to connect with the developer and cannot sign in our set up an account not sure what the problem is it says it recognizes my email but I never was at their website before to set up any kind of account. I need a refund of the do 1.99 I spent on this product.
Customers Also Bought
- $1.99
- Category: Health & Fitness
- Updated: Jan 30, 2014
- Version: 1.2.1
- Size: 7.4 MB
- Languages: English, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Simplified Chinese, Spanish
- Seller: runtastic
- © runtastic GmbH
Compatibility: Requires iOS 6.0 or later. Compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch. This app is optimized for iPhone 5.


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GuestUNCW, I am very pleased
Submitted by Guest Hmm (not verified) on Sun, 09/07/2008 - 12:16pm.
GuestUNCW, I am very pleased for you that you were never threatened or harmed in your visits to Creekwood. Now, if you have time to jump off your moral high horse, perhaps you can answer why this neighborhood has a prolific, concentrated history of violence and mayhem. And lets hope for YOUR offspring's sake, that naivety isn't genetic.


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It would be wise to include additional details into the search fields above to improve your results. A first name, middle name, last name, city, state and/or age can help you get a hold of the right Alohana Jackson. Once you locate the Alohana Jackson you want, you can go through all the public records we have on Alohana Jackson using our custom designed DataTsunami™ logic that makes assembling information on anyone much easier.


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A method to electrolessly plate a CoWP alloy on copper in a reproducible manner that is effective for a manufacturable process. In the method, a seed layer of palladium (Pd) is deposited on the copper by an aqueous seeding solution of palladium acetate, acetic acid and chloride. Thereafter, a complexing solution is applied to remove any Pd ions which are adsorbed on surfaces other than the copper. Finally, a plating solution of cobalt (Co), tungsten (W) and phosphorous (P) is applied to the copper so as to deposit a layer of CoWP on the Pd seed and copper.
1. A method of electrolessly plating on copper contained in or on a substrate comprising the steps of:
applying to the substrate an aqueous seeding solution of palladium acetate, acetic acid, and chloride so as to form a seed layer consisting of palladium on the copper only and not on the remainder of the substrate;
applying to the substrate a complexing solution to remove palladium ions adsorbed on the substrate; and
electrolessly plating the copper with a plating solution comprising cobalt, tungsten and phosphorus so as to deposit a layer of cobalt, tungsten and phosphorus on the palladium seed.
2. The method of
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15. A method of depositing a seed layer on copper comprising the step of:
applying to the copper an aqueous solution of palladium acetate, acetic acid, and a chloride so as to form a palladium seed layer on the copper only.
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27. A method of electrolessly plating on copper contained in or on a semiconductor wafer comprising the steps of:
providing a semiconductor wafer having copper areas and non-copper areas;
applying to the semiconductor wafer an aqueous solution of palladium acetate, acetic acid, and chloride so as to form a palladium seed layer on the copper areas only and not on the non-copper areas;
applying to the semiconductor wafer a complexing solution to remove palladium ions adsorbed on the non-copper areas; and
electrolessly plating the copper with a plating solution comprising cobalt, tungsten and phosphorus so as to deposit a layer of cobalt, tungsten and phosphorus on the palladium seed.
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The present invention relates to the formation of a cobalt/tungsten/phosphorus (CoWP) metal cap for a copper interconnect and, more particularly relates to a manufacturable process for the formation of the CoWP metal cap on such copper interconnect.
Metallization patterns on integrated circuits can be formed by depositing a dielectric layer, patterning the dielectric layer to form a trench and then depositing a metal layer that fills the trench in the dielectric layer. The metal layer typically not only fills the trenches but also covers the entire semiconductor wafer. Therefore, the excess metal is removed using either chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP) or an etchback process so that only the metal in the trenches remains.
As wire widths in integrated circuits continue to shrink, the electrical conductivity of the wiring material becomes increasingly more important. The material of choice, aluminum, is becoming less attractive than other materials, such as copper, which are better conductors. In addition to possessing superior electrical conductivity, copper is more resistant than aluminum to electromigration, a property that increases in importantance as wire cross-sectional areas decrease and applied current densities increase. Copper is seen as an attractive replacement for aluminum because copper offers low cost, ease of processing, lower susceptibility to electromigration, and lower resistivity.
Copper has several serious disadvantages as a wiring material. It can diffuse rapidly into and through silicon substrates and dielectric films, such as silicon dioxide. Diffusion into an adjacent dielectric region can cause formation of a conductive path between two interconnect lines producing an electrical short. Diffusion into an adjacent silicon substrate can cause junction leakage, thereby destroying the device. Copper also has poor adhesion to the dielectric capping layer. Replacement of aluminum with copper as an interconnect material requires that these problems be overcome.
To alleviate the problem of copper adhering to the overlying dielectric capping layer, various metal caps have been proposed to cap the copper interconnect so as to increase adhesion to the overlying dielectric capping layer. One such proposed metal capping material is CoWP. Dubin et al. U.S. Pat. No. 5,695,810, Edelstein et al. U.S. Pat. No. 6,153,935 and Sambucetti et al. U.S. Pat. No. 6,323,1 28, the disclosures of which are incorporated by reference herein, all disclose the electroless deposition of CoWP. In Dubin et al., electrolessly plated CoWP is used as a barrier layer between the copper and the dielectric. Dubin et al. further discloses that a palladium (Pd) seed is sputtered on the dielectric for adhesion of the CoWP but no seed is deposited on the copper when the CoWP is used as a metal cap.
In Edelstein et al., a Pd seed is formed on the copper wiring material by a Pd solution of undisclosed composition prior to electroless deposition of the CoWP. Residual Pd seed (not adhered to the copper) is removed by an aqueous solution of a strong complexing agent such as ethylenediamine, citrate, or ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid.
In Sambucetti et al., copper wiring material is pretreated with H2SO4 followed by treatment with a Pd solution of undisclosed composition to cause deposition of a Pd seed followed by a solution containing at least 15 g/l of sodium citrate or ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid to remove excess Pd ions. The copper wiring material is then electrolessly plated with CoWP.
Babu et al. U.S. Pat. No. 4,956,197, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein, discloses the electroless plating of nickel or copper onto a dielectric substrate. The dielectric substrate is pretreated with an NH3 plasma followed by treatment with a PdCl2 seeding solution containing HCl. The PdCl2 is an extremely aggressive seeding solution and is unacceptable for the copper interconnects of the present invention.
Akai et al. U.S. Pat. No. 4,622,069, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein, discloses the electroless plating of nickel or copper onto a ceramic substrate. Prior to electroless plating, the ceramic substrate was treated with an organic Pd seed solution to deposit a Pd seed.
Notwithstanding the efforts of those skilled in the art, there remains a need for a manufacturable process for depositing a CoWP capping layer for a copper interconnect.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to have a process for depositing a CoWP capping layer for a copper interconnect which is well-controlled and repeatable.
It is another object of the present invention to have a process for depositing a CoWP capping layer for a copper interconnect using a Pd seed solution which enables robust seeding for CoWP while minimizing chemical attack of the copper interconnect.
These and other objects of the invention will become more apparent after referring to the following description of the invention.
The objects of the invention have been achieved by providing, according to a first aspect of the invention a method of electrolessly plating on copper contained in or on a substrate comprising the steps of:
According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of depositing a seed layer on copper comprising the step of:
According to a third aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of electrolessly plating on copper contained in or on a semiconductor wafer comprising the steps of:
According to a fourth aspect of the invention, there is provided a seeding solution for depositing a palladium seed on copper comprising an aqueous solution of palladium acetate, acetate and chloride.
The features of the invention believed to be novel and the elements characteristic of the invention are set forth with particularity in the appended claims. The Figures are for illustration purposes only and are not drawn to scale. The invention itself, however, both as to organization and method of operation, may best be understood by reference to the detailed description which follows taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
Referring to the Figures in more detail, and particularly referring to
Others have proposed Pd seeding as a precursor to the electroless plating of CoWP. However, the prior art solutions proposed by others have been found to be unsuitable for use in manufacturing where a repeatable process is absolutely necessary. This is particularly the case in the electronics industry where the copper wiring is very small (on the order of 90 nm in current state of the art semiconductor manufacturing).
The present inventors have set forth an electroless plating process which is less aggressive towards the copper and minimizes colloids which can cause stray plating of the CoWP on non-copper surfaces.
According to the present invention, there is disclosed a process for electrolessly plating on copper that is contained in or on a substrate. That is, the copper may be in a trench, as shown in
In the first step of the inventive process, the copper surface may be optionally precleaned to remove any residues from previous processing operations. For example, when the substrate is a semiconductor wafer, it may have undergone chemical-mechanical polishing which leaves a passivating layer of BTA (benzotriazole). In this case, it may be desirable to preclean the copper to remove the BTA or other residue. Two precleaning subprocesses have been proposed by the present inventors. In the first precleaning subprocess, the article 10 is heated to 100� C. in nitrogen for a predetermined period of time (e.g., 30 to 120 minutes) followed by application of an oxalic acid solution, preferably 5 grams (g)/liter (l) to the article 10. This process is preferred when there is a residue that is susceptible to be baked off, as is the case with BTA. In an alternative subprocess, the oxalic acid may be applied without the necessity of the nitrogen bake. The oxalic acid is useful for removing any copper oxide present on the copper as well as removing any copper particles which may be present on the non-copper regions of the article 10. The oxalic acid may be applied by spraying onto the article 10 or simply immersing the article 10 in an oxalic acid bath.
In the next step of the process, an aqueous Pd seeding solution is applied to the article 10. The seeding solution may be applied by spraying or immersion and is usually done at room temperature. The inventive Pd seeding solution according to the present invention comprises the active ingredients of palladium acetate, acetic acid and a chloride (i.e., a chloride-containing component) in a water solution. The present inventors have found that a small but effective amount of chloride leads to a repeatable process wherein there is effective seeding with a low increase in resistance of the copper lines (Rs). Conventional Pd seeding solutions comprise palladium chloride or palladium sulfate. However, such seeding solutions are too aggressive with respect to the copper, particularly when the copper is used in electronic applications. If the Pd seeding solution is too aggressive, too much of the copper will be etched, thereby adversely increasing the resistance of the remaining copper. Too, the pH of the Pd seeding solution is such that undesirable colloidal formation is minimized.
A preferred Pd seeding solution comprises about 0.01 to 0.5 g/l palladium acetate, 0.25 to 5 volume percent acetic acid and 3 to 10 ppm chloride and most preferably, 0.01 g/l palladium acetate, 0.25 to 1 volume percent acetic acid and 3 to 10 ppm chloride. The chloride is actually added as a compound in which the chloride component of the compound is donated to the seeding reaction. Examples of suitable chloride compounds include but are not limited to hydrochloric acid (HCl), sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium chloride (KCl), ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) and palladium chloride (PdCl2) with hydrochloric acid being the most preferred. While PdCl2 may be used as the chloride, it should be understood that the Pd donated to the seeding reaction is very small and the bulk of the Pd comes from the Pd acetate. PdCl2, as noted previously, is not to be used as the primary supplier of the Pd because the seeding is too aggressive and can damage the copper wiring.
The amount of chloride must be tightly controlled in order to have a reproducible, and thus manufacturable, process. The amounts of palladium acetate and acetic acid have a wider range of concentration. If the palladium acetate is reduced below about 0.01 g/l, Pd seeding becomes difficult while if the palladium acetate is raised above 0.05 g/l, the resistance of the copper lines is adversely affected in addition to the seed becoming increasingly unstable due to palladium colloid formation. Lowering the acetic acid to the lowest value, 0.25 volume percent and most preferably 1 volume percent, results in the highest seeding yields. If the acetic acid is reduced below about 0.25 volume percent, then Pd is not dissolved into solution and seeding is adversely affected. Higher acetic acid concentrations beyond 5 volume percent hinder the Pd seeding thereby making it difficult to effectively seed the copper. The relatively small addition of chloride is critical to the success of the Pd seeding solution. The preferred range of the chloride is 3 to 10 parts per million (ppm) with the lower end of the range being preferred for spraying of the Pd seeding solution and the upper end of the range being preferred for immersion of the article 10 in the Pd seeding solution. It has been found that if the chloride is lowered too much (e.g., below about 2.5 ppm if Pd acetate is about 0.01 g/l and acetic acid is about 0.25 volume percent), there is ineffective seeding while if the chloride is raised too high (e.g., above 10 ppm if Pd acetate is 0.01 g/l and acetic acid is 1 volume percent), the Pd seeding solution becomes too aggressive and increases the resistance of the copper. Generally speaking, the pH should be in the range of 2.3 to 3.65, and most preferably less than 3 for palladium colloid prevention and effective seeding.
Even with the above components within the claimed range, adjustments may be need to be made in the concentrations of each of the components with respect to each other to ensure good seeding with no adverse impact on the Rs. If the Pd acetate concentration is on the high end of its concentration range, the chloride should be on the lower end of its range, otherwise there will be an increase in Rs. For acetic acid, higher concentrations of acetic acid hinder effective seeding and require higher concentrations of Pd acetate and chloride. As soon as one of the components (Pd acetate, acetic acid, chloride) is raised or lowered outside of the claimed ranges, it becomes difficult to impossible to alter the other components to ensure good seeding and good Rs.
The present inventors have further found that notwithstanding the control of the Pd seeding bath as discussed above, colloidal particles will form. Such colloidal particles are undesirable in that they form unwanted sites where CoWP may form. Accordingly, the present inventors cause the Pd seeding solution to be circulated through a gas filter, preferably with a pore size no larger than 0.006 um, which effectively filters out the vast majority of colloidal particles. Referring to
During the foregoing seeding step, scattered Pd ions are likely to be adsorbed on non-copper surfaces. The adsorbed Pd ions are undesirable in that they provide nucleation sites for the electroless deposition of CoWP at locations other than on the copper and thus are to be avoided. To remove such adsorbed Pd ions, a complexation solution is applied (e.g., by spraying or immersion) to the article 10 to remove the adsorbed Pd ions. Preferably, the complexation solution comprises sodium citrate or ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) in the amount of 25 g/l. The complexation solution is preferably applied at room temperature.
The last step of the process according to the present invention is to electrolessly plate the copper with a plating solution comprising cobalt, tungsten and phosphorus so as to result in the deposition of a CoWP layer onto the copper. The plating solution may be sprayed on the article 10 or the article 10 may be immersed in the plating solution. The plating solution used comprised 6 g/l cobalt sulfate, 25 g/l sodium citrate, 30 g/l boric acid, 8 g/l sodium hypophosphate, 2.5 g/l ammonium tungstate and 0.05 g/l of a surfactant such as L95, available from Dow Chemical, Midland, Mich. The pH of the plating solution was adjusted to 8.95 using sodium hydroxide and the temperature of the plating solution was 73� C.
The advantages of the invention will become more apparent after referring to the following examples.
A series of samples were prepared. Each sample was seeded using an aqueous seeding solution comprising Pd acetate, acetic acid, hydrochloric acid and water but the amount of each of the Pd acetate, acetic acid hydrochloric acid was varied as noted in the table. Some of the samples were immersed in the seeding solution while others were sprayed with the seeding solution. Then, each sample was exposed to a complexation solution to remove adsorbed Pd ions and then electrolessly plated with a CoWP plating solution. The results are indicated in the table.
The above examples illustrate the effectiveness of the claimed ranges of the seeding solution of the present invention as well as the interdependence of each component of the seeding solution.
In Examples 1 and 2, either the Pd acetate or hydrochloric acid were too low, resulting in ineffective seeding. Examples 3 to 11 and 14 were within the preferred ranges and produced good results. With respect to Examples 5 and 10, while there was good seeding, the hydrochloric acid was a little high for a spray application, thereby resulting in an increase in Rs. Were the seeding to be applied by immersion, there would still be good seeding with a lower increase in Rs.
While Example 12 was within the preferred range, there was ineffective seeding. This is due to the higher concentration of acetic acid. The higher concentration of acetic acid hinders effective seeding and requires higher concentrations in the Pd acetate and/or hydrochloric acid. However, at much higher concentrations of hydrochloric acid, such as the 20 ppm shown in Example 13, there is better seeding but a high Rs.
Examples 15 and 16 both result in high Rs, although Example 15 is within the preferred range. Since the Pd acetate is at the high end of its concentration range, the hydrochloric acid should be at the lower end of its range, at least less than 5 ppm. On the other hand, when the Pd acetate is out of the high end of the preferred range, there is high Rs even for very low concentration of hydrochloric acid as illustrated by Example 16.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art having regard to this disclosure that other modifications of this invention beyond those embodiments specifically described here may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. Accordingly, such modifications are considered within the scope of the invention as limited solely by the appended claims.
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text:
I need reserve 256-512 Mb of continuous physical memory and have access to this memory from the user space.
I decided to use CMA for memory reserving.
Here are the steps on my idea that must be performed:
- Reservation required amount of memory by CMA during system booting.
- Parsing of CMA patch output which looks like for example: "CMA: reserved 256 MiB at 27400000" and saving two parameters: size of CMA area = 256*1024*1024 bytes and phys address of CMA area = 0x27400000.
- Mapping of CMA area at /dev/mem file with offset = 0x27400000 using mmap(). (Of course, CONFIG_STRICT_DEVMEM is disabled) It would let me to read data directly from phys memory from user space.
But the next code make segmentation fault(there size = 1Mb):
int file;
void* start;
file=open("/dev/mem", O_RDWR | O_SYNC);
if ( (start = mmap(0, 1024*1024, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, file, 0x27400000)) == MAP_FAILED ){
for (int offs = 0; offs<50; offs++){
cout<<((char *)start)[offs];
Output of this code: "mmap: Invalid argument".
When I changed offset = 0x27400000 on 0, this code worked fine and program displayed trash. It also work for alot of offsets which I looked at /proc/iomem. According to information from /proc/iomem, phys addr of CMA area (0x27400000 on my system) always situated in System RAM.
Does anyone have any ideas, how to mmap CMA area on /dev/mem? What am I doing wrong? Thanks alot for any help!


text:
Rise Again Outreach in Loudon welcomes first executive director
Gilbert previously served as president of Reach4Hope, a small non-profit focused on caring for homeless people throughout the capital region.
In October 2010, Reach4Hope merged with Rise Again Outreach, and Gilbert volunteered to continue as Rise Again Outreach's homeless outreach coordinator. Since then, she has served in various leadership roles.


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text:
Paul Canter
Fox Wants To Whack $250M 'Simpsons' Lawsuit By 'Goodfellas' Actor
EXCLUSIVE: More than five months after Frank Sivero launched his mega-complaint against Fox alleging that a character from the Matt Groening co-created series was based on the role he played in the 1990 Martin Scorsese film, the studio has hit back – blunt and hard. "Defendant specifically denies…Deadline
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Data Stash from T-Mobile. Don't lose what you don't use. Now your data rolls forward for 12 mos. Qual'g service req'd.
Kevin Hart and Will Ferrell almost cost Michigan State a trip to the Elite Eight
If you were looking for the reason for Michigan State's slow start last night, look no further. According to Tom Izzo, the blame lies squarely on him and the movie Get Hard.SB Nation
Bill Maher To PC Liberals: "Shut Up"
After nicking Sen. Ted Cruz who signed up for Obamacare, and grilling Gov. Mike Huckabee on his Christian persecution complex, HBO Real Time host Bill Maher scolded liberals for their internecine. "What is the point of attacking people who are 95 percent on your side?" he wondered. "How deeply…Deadline
We're about to get the Transformers movie universe no one asked for
I know I called you here on short notice, but there's something you're going to hear about soon, and I thought it would be best if you heard it from me: there's going to be more Transformers movies. Yup, Transformers is going straight Marvel and trying to turn itself into a connected universe…The Verge
Iron Man looks even badder in sleek black 'Stealth Mode' suit
In advance of the release of the latest Avengers movie, Hot Toys has been putting out some fine hero replicas, including this stealth-suited Stark.CNET
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The experts at The Weather Channel were there with live tornado coverage. The other channel? Not so much...
'SPECTRE' Teaser Trailer
First teaser trailer for the highly anticipated 24th film in the James Bond film franchise, "SPECTRE".Yahoo Movies Videos
'Star Trek 3′ Reflects 'Spirit of the TV Show,' Simon Pegg Says
Rejoice, Trekkies! The latest sequel to the rebooted "Star Trek" franchise will capture the spirit of the original TV show. Co-writer and star Simon Pegg told Comic Book Resources that "Star Trek 3," whose script was recently completely overhauled, will have more familiar notes that the previous…Variety
Home, the latest animated kid flick, is actually about colonialism. No, really.
Home, the latest animated feature from Dreamworks Animation, producers of the Shrek, Madagascar, and How to Train Your Dragon franchises, might seem at first a rather bland kids' movie.Vox.com
Film Review: 'The House on Pine Street'
"The House on Pine Street" finds an expectant young couple moving into a home that seems to be haunted — at least it does to the wife, whose perception of something ominously amiss raises the thought that this is a suburban Kansas "Rosemary's Baby." That another scenario might be unfolding only…Variety
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Top Things You Should Know About Dental Implants
Considering dental implants? Read these articles and learn about procedures, options, costs and providers before making this important decision.
Shailene Woodley: 'The Future Of Food Is Insects'
Shailene Woodley is quite the adventurous eater! In a behind the scenes video shot during her Nylon magazine cover shoot, the actress – who is currently starring in "The Divergent Series: Insurgent" – answered 16 questions, including the strangest thing she's ever eaten. She previously revealed to…Access Hollywood
Apple's Rift With Comcast Complicates Potential NBCU Deal
Analysts say that, since ABC, CBS and Fox are likely to be on board, NBCU could be required to play nice with Apple.The Hollywood Reporter
In Her Shoes: A Chat With Jimmy Choo's Creative Director
Sandra Choi shares how the iconic luxury footwear label has become a red carpet must-have and the time she didn't recognize Angelina Jolie.The Hollywood Reporter
FCC's Tom Wheeler: Courts Will Uphold Net Neutrality
FCC chairman Tom Wheeler predicted that the agency's recently passed net neutrality rules, in which the agency reclassified the Internet as a Title II common carrier, would survive a challenge in the courts. That's despite opposition from major Internet service providers and two lawsuits already…Variety
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'Walking Dead's' Danai Gurira on Why Michonne Put Rick on "Time Out," "Scary" Finale
The actress talks with THR about the rising drama at Alexandria.The Hollywood Reporter
'Tomorrowland' movie will advertise Chevy Volt, E-NVs
The 2016 Chevrolet Volt and the EN-V concept car will make an appearance in the Disney movie 'Tomorrowland' starring George Clooney, opening on May 22. The sci-fi mystery will kick off the ad campaign for the next-generation hybrid.Before the 2016 Chevrolet Volt arrives at dealerships, it's going…Autoblog
Burnbook: Who's to Blame When An App Shuts Down a School?
When a social media app is named after the "burn book" in the teen cult movie Mean Girls, better brace yourself for a whole Pandora's box of trouble. After all, in the movie (which, by the way, stars Lindsey Lohan... no one's idea of a teen role model), girls record gossip and negative comments in…Huffington Post
14 Moments with Wrestlers in Movies
We found the best movie moments from 14 of the most popular wrestlers.Yahoo Movies Videos
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Watch the stars of The Flash sing the theme song from Firefly
Here, three castmembers from the CW's The Flash — namely Jesse L. Martin, Carlos Valdes, and Rick Cosnett — came together to sing The Ballad of Serenity in honor of Joss Whedon. What better way to say thank you than by singing an homage to one of Whedon's most beloved TV shows?The Verge
Film Review: '3 Holes and a Smoking Gun'
The story of a hotly coveted unproduced screenplay that itself could use some drastic revisions, "3 Holes and a Smoking Gun" proves that there's a chasm-wide difference between talking about what constitutes — and actually being — great writing. A dialogue-driven affair devoid of a single…Variety
The Actor Who Turned Down the Role of Gandalf
Christopher Plummer was on "Conan" Wednesday and talked about how he passed on playing the iconic role of Gandalf in the "Lord of the Rings" film franchise. Joked Plummer, "I don't know why I turned it down...I thought maybe three or four years in New Zealand, I didn't, I thought that there are…TV In No Time


text: Fun, outgoing, clean and spunky! I live my life by taking adventures everyday (even if it's just to the grocery store). I share a house in San Francisco with 3 amazing roommates and would someday like to become a host (when I hit the lottery and can have a spare bedroom in SF :-P )!!


text:
Colorado Rapids midfielder Marvin Chavez admits he is having some anxiety leading up to this summerтАЩs World Cup.
The 30-year old Honduras international has made just two substitute appearances for the Rapids this season and his lack of regular minutes is likely to affect his chances of pushing for Los CatrachosтАЩ World Cup squad.
Chavez told Deporte Total USA that he would ponder a move away from Colorado if it were to help him gain playing time but made it clear that he was not actively seeking a Commerce City departure.
тАЬIf there are other options, I am open to them,тАЭ the former FC Dallas and San Jose Earthquakes man told the radio program.
тАЬBut I want to respect the club and I plan on respecting my contract, even though IтАЩm not playing. I need to work hard and I need to earn my place back, and that is my focus.тАЭ
Chavez has played 37 times or Honduras but acknowledges that he first has to force his way into Pablo MastroeniтАЩs Rapids line-up before worrying about making Luis Fernando SuarezтАЩs national roster.
тАЬI respect Pablo and all the decisions he makes,тАЭ he added. тАЬI think itтАЩs a tactical thing, but I have to remain calm and professional and keep working.тАЭ
Honduras, who are getting set to compete at their third World Cup, will take on Switzerland, Ecuador and France in Group E at Brazil 2014.
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text:
Tru Def Shows His Inner Royalty
By Jeremy Hallock
By James Khubiar
Why You Should Be Excited About Dallas Music
By Observer Staff
Daniel Markham's Pretty Bitchin'
By Kelly Dearmore
Americans Under 30 the Most Cynical Bunch Ever
By Jim Schutze
13 of the Best Female-Fronted Bands in DFW
By Rachel Watts
Your Baseball Season Guide to Pre- and Post-Game Eats...
By Lauren Drewes Daniels
One Ton Records has started a new CD sampler/all-ages concert series, Buzz-Oven, an undertaking similar to the Dos Sensenseos project Chris Llewellyn attempted a couple of years ago. The aim of both efforts is simple: Attract a new generation of fans to see and hear local bands, the groups you can't usually hear on the radio. To that end, Buzz-Oven and its network of "buzzers"--led by 18-year-old Matt Gunter, who worked with Jeff Liles on the Static Orange compilation and also drums for locals Orchid--have begun distributing free CDs to area high schools and colleges, discs that feature a pair of tracks from Valve, Slow Roosevelt, and Red Animal War. All three bands will perform at all-ages shows on June 24 at the Lone Star Country Club in Coppell and June 30 at Fort Worth's Ridglea Theater. If you can't wait that long, Slow Roosevelt performs Saturday at Curtain Club, and Red Animal War opens for [DARYL] on Friday. Viva la rock...
Crash Vinyl bassist Dave Jessup has an alter ego, Bubblegum Crisis, which he recently unveiled at the sixth installment of Sub-Tronic Theatre at Liquid Lounge on May 11. We've got a four-song disc from Bubblegum Crisis that mixes sound bites from a quartet of films (Star Wars, Blade Runner, The Thing, and Evil Dead) with breakbeats and drum loops, sounding like a rave happening in the middle of a sci-fi convention. On a quasi-related note, Don Cento, former guitarist for the Tomorrowpeople and current Chomsky keyboardist, can also be found fronting The Browsers, which includes Cento's Tomorrowpeople bandmate, drummer Bill Shupp. As it happens, Shupp also plays drums for The Deathray Davies (replacing Chomsky's Matt Kellum), and bass for Stereo Rookie, whose debut EP, A Fine Place to Start, will be available soon. To bring it all full circle, Kevin Ingle--who plays with Jessup in Crash Vinyl--also performs with Shupp in The Deathray Davies. It's only confusing if you let it...
Vanilla Ice will be guesting on the new Hellafied Funk Crew album. Or maybe HFC drummer Chris Antonopolous is appearing on the next Vanilla Ice album. Not too sure about this item, because we learned the information after putting away far too many bourbon-flavored beverages at the recent Elliott Smith show at Trees--and before putting Vanilla Ice into a headlock/hug. Actually, it may have been the rapper formerly known as Robby Van Winkle putting us in a headlock, while looking frighteningly similar to Limp Bizkit's Fred Durst. (So much for our inclusion on the V.I.P. Posse.) All we really know is that we stood outside of Trees for a few minutes and introduced him to a handful of people as "my boy Robby"--which sounded more like "mewrjlke bweeirwd Rasdueys," or something along those lines. The point is, Vanilla Ice and Hellafied Funk Crew are working together. And also, drinking your body weight in bourbon is, um, bad...
Rubber Gloves Rehearsal Studios will host a two-night benefit for the Humane Society featuring performances by Centro-matic, Little Grizzly, The Reds, and The Baptist Generals on Friday, and Destination Venus and Sub Oslo on Saturday. While we're plugging shows, Chomsky and Red Animal War help [DARYL] celebrate the release of its debut EP on Friday; Vibrolux plays at Curtain Club on Thursday; and Yells at Eels--former KERA-FM host and trumpet player Dennis Gonzalez with his kids, Stefan and Aaron, as his rhythm section--and Blush perform at Kessler Park Community Church on Saturday. (As some of you may remember, Kessler Park Community Church is where Bedhead recorded 1994's 4-song EP 19:10.) Also, Bowling for Soup officially releases its Jive Records debut, Let's Do It For Johnny!!, Friday at Curtain Club, and Slobberbone hits Gypsy Tea Room on Saturday. No reason to stay at home this weekend...
Denton's Good/Bad Art Collective hosts its latest benefit concert, Benefit 59: "I Write the Songs...", on Saturday at Dan's Bar, and--surprise, surprise--John Freeman is on the bill. The show--featuring performances by Mission Giant, Corn Mo, Dutch Treats (Freeman's solo act), and a special guest--will, as frequently is the case, involve the audience. At the beginning of the night, four groups of volunteer songwriters (no more than six in each one) will write the lyrics for two original songs together. During each performer's set, the lyrics will be fed into a teleprompter, and the performer will be asked to spontaneously create music to accompany them. Naturally, none of the performers will see the lyrics until the song begins. Which is similar to how we write this column each week: Someone gives us a few names and we make up stuff around it. Of course, now that the secret is out, all of you must die...
What hell hath Kidd Kraddick wrought? More than usual this time, it seems. On top of hosting an embarrassingly popular morning show on KHKS-FM (106.1), Kraddick also is responsible for assembling Sons of Harmony, yet another in a short line of 'N Sync-Backstreet Boys clones, only not as good. Or any good for that matter. But Kraddick can't take all the credit: Though he held the contest ("Tearin' up their hearts," October 7, 1999) that brought the group together, local producer-record exec J. "Tech" Huffman has taken the band off his hands since then. And if the liner notes for Sons of Harmony's debut CD single, "If You Were My Girl," are to be believed, not only does the group have an album (Born to Sing) on the way, but also--Jesus Christ!--a movie. See and hear for yourself when Sons of Harmony is part of the eclectic lineup at this year's Artfest, along with Roy Hargrove, N'Dambi, Brave Combo, John Adams, Bugs Henderson, Dallas Wind Symphony, Colin Boyd, and more...
At the end of this month, former Fever in the Funkhouse frontman Nick Brisco returns to town for the first time since moving to Brooklyn earlier this year, and he has a pair of new albums with him. The first is Centaur Battle of San Jacinto (an extended barroom brawl), music Brisco composed to accompany Ruth Margraff's play of the same name. The New York production of Centaur Battle wraps up its two-week run on May 21. The other disc is Damn the Possibilities, a Brisco solo album recorded with Reed Easterwood, with help from guitarist Michael Hill, drummer Jim King, and bassist Steve Chambers. Damn the Possibilities also features violinist Reggie Rueffer, and a none-too-attractive photo of a shirtless Brisco inside the CD booklet. You can pick up a copy of both records when Brisco performs May 28 at the Kalita Humphreys Theater as part of the Dallas Theater Center's Festival of the Unexpected. Brisco plays a solo set at 9 p.m., followed by another set with his band, Plato's Kave, at 10 p.m. He will also show up the next night at Muddy Waters, in case you just can't get enough Brisco. And really, who can?
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Mar 05, 2012 at 11:09PM EST
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Burlap Solids
Fabulous solids with unique colors and textures! This interesting and inspiring new fabric collection is filled with texture and depth that youll love adding to your next quilting or sewing project! Though theyre made out of cotton, these precuts give the appearance of burlap, ensuring that anything you put together and match up with them will result in something utterly fantastic!
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KODIAK, Alaska -- A team of six salvage experts has boarded the grounded drilling unit Kulluk to conduct a structural assessment to be used to finalize salvage plans, currently being developed by the Kulluk Tow Incident Unified Command.
The six-member team was lowered to the Kulluk by a U.S. Coast Guard helicopter at about 10:30 am. The assessment lasted about three hours. A helicopter safely hoisted the team from the drilling unit at about 1:30 p.m. The Coast Guard helicopter and crew also delivered a state-owned emergency towing system to the Kulluk, which will be used during salvage operations.
Efforts to place a team on-board the rig to conduct the assessment were put on hold due to severe weather conditions over the past several days. Calmer conditions created a window that enabled the assessment to take place.
Smit Salvage is heading up salvage operations. Smit is a salvage company that has assisted in hundreds of operations worldwide, including the Selendang Ayu salvage that took place off the coast of Western Unalaska in 2004. It also assisted in the Costa Concordia salvage off the coast of Italy in 2012.
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text: Although this condo was in a great location (close to town and close to lifts) it left a lot to be desired. We felt like we were in a 1980's time warp to include the gold framed picture of a Lamborghini, southwest decor and carpeting in all three bathrooms - not good! The staff at check-in were friendly and helpful... more


text:
EDINA, Minn. (AP) — Wrestling promoter Wally Karbo, 77, familiar to fans of All-Star Wrestling on Saturday morning television, died of a heart attack March 25.Karbo and Vern Gagne were partners in the American Wrestling Assn. for more than three decades. Karbo sold his interest in the association,and, in recent years was commissioner of the Ladies Professional Wrestling Assn.
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text:
By Carolyn Kellogg, Los Angeles Times: Books
Wed, 06/27/2012 - 10:02am
Nora Ephron died Tuesday at the age of 71 of acute leukemia in New York.
Wopular is an
online newspaper rack,
giving you a summary view of the top headlines from the top news sites.
Senh Duong (Founder)Wopular,
A portrait of a volatile boy wonder and his path to technological vanguard.
A biography of Andrew Cuomo shows how he has often defined himself in opposition to the record of his father, Mario.
Two new books by this Pulitzer winner, "The Lunatic," a book of poems, and an essay collection, "The Life of Images," are intense and intensely charming.
Marilynne Robinson isn't ready to leave Gilead yet. The celebrated writer surprised and delighted her fans Monday night when she revealed that she is considering a fourth novel in the series that has earned her a Pulitzer Prize and two National Book Critics Circle Awards. Read full article >>
In Hanya Yanagihara's novel, four friends from college grapple with adulthood in New York.
Tired of those painful silences? Ready to stop fumbling around trying to think of something interesting to say? Ryan Chapman to the rescue! He's the author of "Conversation Sparks," a thick little book of "trivia worth talking about." Based on his Tumblr "Fill the Silence," it contains more than 350 "true facts" and doodle-heads designed to jolt you from bovine quietude.


text:
National Nutrition Month®
Time to Refocus
Ideally, we should always be focused on eating well and being physically active, but unfortunately that doesn't always happen.… more »
We are pleased to offer a resource to students, faculty and staff on living a healthier lifestyle.
Time to Refocus
Ideally, we should always be focused on eating well and being physically active, but unfortunately that doesn't always happen.… more »
Deborah Dunbar, Georgia State employee was the first Good Measure Meals customer in 2012!
Good Measure Meals™ is a convenient and affordable way… more »
Taco filling is typically made with ground meat, but it doesn't have to be. For this recipe, we combine the convenience of… more »
Kick Butts Day is a national day of activism that empowers "kids" of all ages to stand out, speak up and seize… more »
In honor of National Kick Butts Day, it's time to test your knowledge of the facts behind successful tobacco cessation. Let's see how much you… more »
Did you know that cancer of the colon is the second leading cause of cancer death in the US? Did you know that there… more »
The truth is, you can be doing everything right to prevent health problems from occurring – eating well, staying active, getting regular checkups – but… more »
March is National Kidney Month and the National Kidney Foundation is urging all Americans to give their kidneys a second thought and a well-deserved checkup.
… more »
An innovative, groundbreaking book that will captivate readers of Malcolm Gladwell, Daniel Pink, The Power of Habit, and Quiet
For generations, we have focused… more »


text:
NSA's slides leave a lot to be desired, according to at least one designer. (FCW graphic)
According to one presentation deck making the rounds, the National Security Agency's biggest transgression is not its massive data-gathering efforts. It's the painful aesthetics of its PowerPoint slides describing the Prism program.
In a presentation posted to Slideshare, Paris-based designer Emiland De Cubber wrote: "Dear NSA, you can do whatever you want with my data. But not with my eyes. Those slides are hideous."
De Cubber goes on to recreate several of the now-famous slides with significantly more polish. Check out the full presentation below:
Posted by Troy K. Schneider on Jun 12, 2013 at 8:58 PM
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Meet 100 women and men who are doing great things in federal IT.
Click here for the full list
Unisys Federal Systems' Venkatapathi Puvvada, this year's Eagle award winner for industry, stresses the importance of community.
Experts tell committee that business models, not technology, are the main obstacle to better sharing across systems.
Protests have delayed SEWP V, but industry experts say the contract vehicle offers agencies service and value that are hard to find.
The power of the individual informs FCW's coverage each and every day, but with the Federal 100, we take time to really spotlight and celebrate it. Get to know each of this year's winners.
The latest version of the Cybersecurity Information Sharing Act purportedly protects companies from liability and individuals from government intrusion.
Popular CIO is headed for the private sector.
The Census Bureau hasn't established a time frame for its cloud computing plans, including testing for scalability, security, and privacy protection, as well as determining a budget for cloud services.
President Obama's proposal to boost government coordination with the private sector got a warm welcome in the House Homeland Security Committee.
The spy agency wants to better integrate cybersecurity into its traditional human intelligence operations.
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