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A method and system for effective utilization of data storage capacity on storage resources of a communicatively coupled network system involves the creation of a data storage architecture that provides for a dynamic, percentage based segmentation of 'total installed capacity' or 'available/unused storage capacity' on all or selected nodes on the network system into dedicated and shared storage segments. The storage architecture also employs a centralized file server directly in the path of a distributed network file system in the preferred operating mode, where the centralized server acts uniquely as a host of original data and also as a back-up device.
1. A method for effective utilization of data storage capacity using a storage architecture wherein the said storage architecture enables dynamic configuration and segmentation of storage capacity on all or selected nodes on the network system into non-sharable and shared storage capacity segments, said method further based on a percentage of 'total installed capacity' or 'available/unused storage capacity' on said nodes.
2. A method that uses a centralized file server directly in the path of a distributed network file system, wherein the centralized server acts as a host of original data and also as a back-up device.
3. A method for effective utilization of data storage capacity using a storage architecture wherein the said storage architecture makes optimal utilization of network bandwidth and subsystem I/O bandwidth for storing data in a distributed network file system.
[0001] This application claims the benefit of priority of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 60/441,418, filed Jan. 21, 2003 and entitled "METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR EFFECTIVE UTILIZATION OF DATA STORAGE CAPACITY", the subject matter of which is hereby incorporated by reference herein.
[0002] This invention relates generally to storage architectures of data processing systems and, more specifically, a method for effective utilization of data storage capacity on storage resources of a communicatively coupled network system.
[0003] Several large-scale data processing systems are often structured to utilize a multiplicity, also referred to as a cluster, of independent computing entities or 'nodes'. A node may be a computer, repeater, a file server or other similar peripheral device used to create, receive or repeat a message. A simpler example of a node is a computer system on which one or more processes or threads may execute concurrently. In such distributed computing environments, nodes are typically communicatively coupled, via a network, to allow processes on any given node to access resources on other nodes. The hardware and software resources of these nodes are generally managed by a complex piece of software called an operating system. In this context, hardware resources are generally processors, storage media (such as disk drives, memory) and devices such as printers, scanners etc. while software resources generally encompass a set or multiple sets of data and/or routines.
[0004] Further, in such distributed systems, some of the nodes may be used to handle and store a set or multiple sets of data files. Such file serving nodes maybe a single file server or a collection of file servers.
[0005] For several businesses particularly those that deal with consumer accounts such as banks, stockbrokers, credit card companies etc. the success and often the very existence of the business depends on the availability of data at all times. Such businesses are even mandated by regulations to provide high data availability. To ensure such a high level of availability, it is vital to protect against data loss that might occur due to the failure of one or several nodes on the network and other reasons. In this regard, administrators of computing resources have long been charged with the responsibility of periodically backing-up critical data onto removable media such as tape and securing a copy of the same at an alternate location.
[0006] This traditional backup practice has been further extended and enhanced to cover all data that is backed-up, usage of newer media such as optical disks, automation of backup processes and/or by making multiple backup copies of the data.
[0007] The inadequacies in the reliability of nodes and the communication network are mitigated by strong back-up storage strategies that take into account resource malfunctions due to intrinsic breakdowns, malicious computer attacks and geographic vulnerabilities (such as susceptibility of the location to natural disasters) among others. Such a strategy involves making multiple redundant copies of a particular piece of data. This generally translates to replicating the data and keeping a copy of the same, on-site and yet another copy at a remote location (generally not on the same geographic fault line). The on-site backup copy aids in the quick restoration of services. On the other hand, the remote/off-site copy facilitates for a rebuilding of services at the original service facility, in the event of the on-site backup copy being unusable or in creating an alternate service facility when the original service facility is itself unusable or inaccessible.
[0008] For a long time, tape media has been the preferred media for data backups and different tape media technologies such as DLT, LTO, SDLT, AIT etc. have been used. However, of late, there has been a notable shift towards using disk medium even for backup (particularly on-site backup) as it offers several advantages such as quicker restoration of data when the backup copy is stored on disk, as compared to tape media. As such, storage servers (with disk arrays) dedicated to taking and hosting backup copies of data (on-site) have now become commonplace.
[0009] Depending on the critical nature of the data, the organization of the network and storage systems and the amount of data being backed up etc.—there exist several backup methodologies for making such on-site and off-site copies. These include snapshots, disk mirroring, synchronous remote copying, asynchronous remote copying etc.
[0010] Most of the current backup methodologies, however, involve additional infrastructure investments in terms of the media used for data backup, while a whole lot of existing, usable media remains untapped for such purposes. Further, these methodologies often include potentially disruptive, expensive and time-consuming practices such as the physical reallocation of storage space, server and network reconfiguration, storage device reconfiguration etc.
[0011] In any computing environment, it is desirable to effectively use the existing hardware and software resources before making additional infrastructure investments. Large corporations, universities etc. normally tend to have network infrastructures with multiple, heterogeneous servers and decentralized data. These servers are often chosen by or within specific departments for their specific advantages in tackling particular problems. For instance, Unix servers are known for handling complex design and engineering assignments while certain other servers offer superior random file access characteristics (for database applications). It naturally follows that there would be installed storage capacity on these servers and on their individual clients and independent disks/storage media under the control of the particular server, hereinafter referred to as a 'Server Group' (SG). However, with traditional methods, additional storage capacity is installed when required for a particular server (for example, when data stored on a node is reaching or has reached critical maximum levels) while a large amount of such data storage capacity that already exists on other server groups (SG), on the network, may remain untapped. This represents an unnecessary expenditure for the enterprise as a whole, which may also involve additional unnecessary work assignments such as requesting quotations from vendors, vendor/product evaluation, commissioning of new equipment etc. for the enterprise's technical and purchasing departments. Further, the inability to seamlessly allocate storage capacity among different departments as a ratio of total installed capacity or unused storage capacity inhibits planning/implementation of an organization wide storage segmentation policy and true utilization of organization wide data storage resources.
[0012] The following example further illustrates this point. Example: The Production department of a manufacturing firm uses five nodes (server or server cluster) with an installed capacity of a hundred storage units, but an actual usage of only fifty storage units. The finance department uses two nodes with forty storage units and actual usage of only twenty storage units. Finally, the sales department uses three nodes with thirty storage units and current usage of twenty storage units. Further, all departments' resources are coupled together by a network. During instances, when the sales department receives a sudden influx of orders for a new device manufactured by the firm, it would be ideal to use a certain portion of the excess unused/installed storage capacity in the production and/or finance departments to spillover excess data beyond the installed capacity for the specific Sales department. In an analogous situation, the production department needs to store equipment blueprints for new equipment being installed, the layout plan of a new production line and also store employee work schedules. When storage capacity utilization is nearing the maximum data storage capacity installed on the nodes of this department, it would be useful for the production department to be able to tap into the unused storage capacity available on nodes in other departments. This would give the organization the ability to handle sudden increases in data storage capacity, crucial time to plan and implement the exact amount of additional data resources, increase efficiency (by increased utilization) of existing resources and an increased ROI (return on investment) on their data storage resources while preventing avoidable additional capital investments.
[0013] While data storage capacity can currently be segmented during installation of storage media and a predetermined section of data capacity be shared with other nodes, this is done in terms of specific number of actual storage units but not in terms of a ratio or percentage of data capacity. Further, dynamic facilitation of storage capacity (in terms of percentage) to be shared, is also not currently feasible.
[0014] This existing methodology of sharing data storage capacity on a particular node puts a limitation on the amount of sharable storage capacity in terms of predetermined actual storage units and at the same time, it also places the burden (on the specific departments—in the above example) of planning and determining beforehand, the amount of total storage capacity that can be committed to such sharing, in terms of actual storage units.
[0015] As such, it is desirable to be able to install a storage policy, where a percentage of the storage capacity (either total storage capacity or unused storage capacity) on a server group (SG) or on a particular node may be shared globally with other resources on the network, on the fly, while a percentage of the same is dedicated solely to that particular server group (SG) or particular node. Such a policy provides an avenue for determining sharable data storage capacity, at any time, in terms of 'available/unused or total' capacity rather than just 'total' installed capacity and ensures efficient storage capacity utilization by storing data pertaining to a particular node (when data storage capacity for this node has been used) on a collection of other nodes on the network, thereby tapping into the unused data storage capacity and increasing the ROI (return on investment) for the enterprise as a whole.
[0016] Another example of a beneficiary of such a storage policy would be an 'application services provider' (ASP) where storage requirements and usage rapidly fluctuate. Consider such a company whose primary business is offering managed web-hosting services for their clients, who lease dedicated servers owned and managed by the company (service provider). Beyond a web presence, the clients' websites are further designed to accept customer data and sales orders for their merchandise/services. Such information is stored in databases on the servers. During instances when the data stored on a particular dedicated server is approaching the maximum available capacity (including the capacity on any direct attached storage system that may be connected to and made available to the server) and when the server cannot be taken down (as that would lead to an interruption of business activity)—the ability to seamlessly segment available data storage capacity on other servers (or server groups (SG)) and use a percentage of the same for storing data from this particular server would be a very potent option for the service provider. This may be done temporarily, until additional data storage resources are installed on this particular server or as a policy across all dedicated servers being managed by the service provider.
[0017] The examples defined in this section may be extended to include the concept of a storage area network (SAN), which is essentially a server group (SG), on a larger scale. In the scenario of a network of storage area networks (SANs) existing in an enterprise (where, for example, each department of the enterprise has its own SAN) the seamless data segmentation, tapping of storage resources etc. may be carried out across the network of SANs.
[0018] Most of the file systems can be categorized into three types: centralized, distributed and serverless. In a centralized file server system, a dedicated node handles all file operations with low data integrity issues. However, the server becomes a potential threat as a single point of failure and lacks scalability.
[0019] In a distributed server environment a set of nodes share the workload of the traditional centralized file server. For example, The Zebra Striped Network File System (Hartman et al 1995) describes a striped network file system that batches small files together into sequential log, divides the log into larger, efficient stripes and writes these stripes to all the servers. Zebra uses a central file manager to manage directory and file attributes, supervise interactions between clients, maintain clients' cache consistency etc. While the file manager does not store file data, clients must contact the file manager on each open and close, thus, bringing in an additional step in the data access/storage process. The striping of each segment to all the storage servers limits the maximum number of storage servers that Zebra can efficiently use, thereby, limiting its efficiency. Zebra is also not optimized to run database applications that tend to update and read large files randomly. Finally, Zebra uses up one storage server for storing parity and cannot sustain multiple server failures.
[0020] In a serverless environment, the functions of the traditional centralized server are distributed amongst all clients and storage devices. For example, The Serverless Network File System (Anderson et al 1996) batches small files together into a sequential log, divides the log into larger efficient stripes akin to Zebra, but writes the stripes to a limited number of servers called stripe groups. Multiple stripe groups spanning different sets of servers exist on the system. While this gives more scalability to the file system, it still cannot survive failure of more than one server in a single stripe group. File resource information is created and copies of the file resource information for all files are distributed to each of the servers in the striped file system. The file resource information for all files is stored in four key maps—manager map, imap, file directories and stripe group map (using file index numbers) and these maps are globally replicated into the memory of each server. The replication and consistency maintenance across copies of such maps entails writing and updating file resource information for each map at each location for every change and incurs substantial file system overhead.
[0021] Other types of file systems include, The Swarm Scalable Storage System (Hartman et al 1999), which describes a simplified storage system where data is batched together into logs, as in the above example, and striped across a limited number of servers or network-attached storage devices, referred to as a stripe group. Here data written by clients onto the network-attached storage devices is not synchronized among themselves. Such a system while it provides better scalability cannot survive the failure of more than one device in the same stripe group.
[0022] It is evident from the above examples that the centralized file server system, in addition to being a potential single point of failure, does not make use of additional storage capacity that might be installed elsewhere on the network. While the distributed and serverless network file systems spread the risk of failure and use the installed storage capacity more effectively, redundancy still has to be incorporated (in all types of file systems) to effectively prevent catastrophic loss due to single or multiple server failure and provide high availability. Further, the distributed and serverless network file systems do not take network and I/O (input/output) subsystem bandwidth usage into consideration, which means that these systems could further clog the network bandwidth and/or overload the I/O subsystem on the nodes, thereby detrimentally affecting the performance of the node for other intrinsic operations.
[0023] Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a storage architecture of a data processing system that effectively utilizes existing data storage capacity.
[0024] Another object of the present invention is to provide a storage architecture of a data processing system that allows dynamic configuration of storage capacity and segmentation into dedicated and sharable storage capacity in the computing environment from a single console.
[0025] Yet another object of the invention is to provide a storage architecture of a data processing system that uses a centralized file server directly in the data path of a distributed network file system.
[0026] Still yet another object of the invention is to provide a storage architecture of a data processing system that takes network and I/O subsystem bandwidth usage into consideration for storing data in a distributed network file system.
[0027] Still yet another object of the invention is to provide a storage architecture of a data processing system that provides high data availability by reducing the effects of system failures through computed parity and multiple levels of redundancy.
[0028] Specifically, the present invention provides a novel, scalable network file system that uses multiple servers, individual clients, storage devices and a collection of inexpensive disks to effectively and optimally utilize existing storage resources, provides for high data availability, high system performance and greater protection against data loss while replicating data and simultaneously taking network bandwidth and I/O subsystem usage limitations into consideration.
[0029]FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a network of communication interconnections of a multi-node parallel computing system.
[0030]FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C are block diagrams illustrating prior art methods of distributed file systems
[0031]FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a Server Group.
[0032]FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a method of organizing file resource information across nodes in accordance with the present invention.
[0033]FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating the sequence of steps involved for servicing a storage segmentation transaction in accordance with the present invention
[0034]FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating the sequence of steps involved for servicing an I/O write transaction in accordance with the present invention
[0035] Referring to FIG. 1, which is a block diagram of a distributed computing system and comprises a number of nodes 10, and a number of data storage units 14 all interconnected via a high-speed network 12.
[0036] Each node 10 is an independent computer system interacting with other nodes 14 through the communication network 12. The data storage unit nodes may be a single file server or a collection of file servers. It is understood by those skilled in the art that a distributed data storage unit node can be defined as a software based process that may occur in programming environments or can be a physical computer system.
[0037]FIG. 2A is a block diagram of a prior art example showing files striped across multiple servers with a centralized network file manager, an example of which is the Zebra file system. File resource information for all files is organized in a single network file manager 22, which is implemented and operates in network software, i.e. the network operating system 20. Here, each server node 30 is connected to a single data storage system 32 (disks in this case), which is divided into stored file blocks labeled according to the file (A, B, C, D, E) from which it originated. Files A and B each include three file blocks with each of the blocks stored on a different server node. Files C and D include two file blocks with each of the file blocks stored on a different server. File E has a single file block stored on a single server. The centralized file manger 22 handles management of file resource information for all files.
[0038]FIG. 2B is a block diagram of a prior art example showing files A, B, C, D and E striped across multiple servers with file managers 40 operating at the server level, an example of which is the Serverless file system. Files A, B, C, D and E are striped across two server nodes, a first server node 24 and a second server node 26. The first server node includes a server file manager 40 and a plurality of disks 32. The server file manager 40 organizes file resources information for all files stored across all servers 24, 26 at the server level. Here, file blocks for files A and B are stored on two different disks within server node 24 and on a single disk in server node 26. File blocks for file C are stored on two different disks on server node 24. File blocks for file D are stored on a disk in each of the server nodes 24, 26 and file blocks for file E are stored on a single disk on node 24. The mapping of file blocks to disk blocks is replicated on both node 24 and node 26.
[0039]FIG. 2C is a block diagram of a prior art example showing files striped across a group of multiple servers with no synchronization between servers, an example of which is the Swarm storage system. Client nodes 50 are connected to multiple network-attached storage devices 52, 54, 56 via a network. In this example, files A1 and A2 originate from client node A and files B1 and B2 originated from client node B. The disks 34 on the network-attached storage devices 52, 54, 56 contain stored file blocks labeled according to the file from which it originated. Files A1 and A2 have two file blocks, on the disk of each of the network-attached storage devices 52, 54, 56. File B1 has a file block on the disk of network-attached storage devices 52 and 54. File B2 has a single file block on the disk of network-attached storage device 56. The client file manager 42 maintains a log of all the files that were written by client node A and client file manager 44 maintains a log of all the files written by client node B but the file information is not synchronized between the two client file managers 42, 44.
[0040] The illustrative embodiment of the present invention incorporates an innovative, modular architecture that is made up of the following components.
[0041] Node manager (NM): A high I/O capacity storage device with multiple I/O channels and processors and scalable data storage capacity, ideally utilizing low cost hard drives.
[0042] The node manager is uniquely used as a host of original data and also as a backup repository/device. The Node manager (NM) is a key component of this embodiment. The node manager hosts the controller (C) and interacts with software agents (SA) and also periodically monitors the nodes by the commonly accepted and widely implemented 'ping' service to determine their status (whether they are up or down i.e. in working condition or disabled).
[0043] Controller (C): The controller consists of a software console that can be accessed through a communications network (generally by the storage administrator) after validation of access privileges. The controller module (C) is typically installed on the node manager (NM). Determination and implementation of storage policies for either specific nodes or all nodes on the network are facilitated from the controller.
[0044] Client Nodes (CN): Nodes, coupled to the network, which run application programs.
[0045] Storage Server Nodes (SN): Nodes, coupled to the network, which store data.
[0046] It should be noted that a node might be a client node (CN) and a storage server node (SN) at the same time.
[0047] Software Agents (SA): Applications consisting of a set of defined processes that execute given tasks. Software agents (SA) are installed on all nodes on the network whose storage capacity is to be tapped. The controller (C) and the software agents work on an event driven 'Push' technology, where the software agents report any and every change in the installed storage capacity of individual nodes to the controller (C), in real time and also report other data at predefined intervals.
[0048] The software agents may also be setup to read filesystem and I/O subsystem capacity and monitor the frequency of their usage. They may further be programmed to read storage capacity used (which helps determine sudden increases in storage requirements). Such information may be programmed to be sent to the controller (C) periodically. Further, the software agents are built-in with a 'data cleanser', which is run at specific times to free up space on the hard disk.
[0049] Server Group (SG): A server or set of servers and all its clients (individual computers) and storage devices under the control of the specific server(s). FIG. 3 is an illustrated example of a server group (SG).
[0050] This definition of the server group (SG) is used to also incorporate 'thin-client' or 'Mainframe' like architectures (where the clients do not have application or storage resources of their own, except for minimal memory and other requirements and are used to run programs and store data on the server itself) into the illustrative embodiment.
[0051] Nodal Storage (NS): The percentage of storage capacity on nodes that is committed only for that particular node.
[0052] If there are nodes that are thin-clients and store data on the server itself or on a dedicated storage device on the network, this definition may be further expanded as—the percentage of storage capacity on nodes that is committed only for that server group (SG) (in case of node being a server or a storage device).
[0053] Global Storage (GS): The percentage of storage capacity on nodes that is committed for utilization by all nodes on the network that have been given privileges to utilize this space.
[0054] Bandwidth Meters (BM): Devices that are connected to the network to measure bandwidth usage in the network. These bandwidth meters send information to the Node manager (NM) about the network bandwidth usage. They may be configured to send information to the Node manager (NM) only when the network bandwidth usage falls below predetermined thresholds (these thresholds could be instantaneous levels or averaged over time).
[0055] Stripe Set (SS): Similar to 'stripe groups' in 'The Serverless Network File System'. A Stripe Set (SS) is a subset of the total number of available storage devices onto which data is fragmented and striped, generally with RAID methodology/computed parity. The storage devices may be storage server nodes (SN) or individual hard disks in a disk array.
[0056] The advantage of using only a stripe set (SS) instead of striping the data onto all the existing drives is that it creates leeway for graceful scalability of storage capacity. Through the usage of stripe sets (SS), additional disks may be added to the Node manager (NM) (without disrupting the data that has already been striped) and these new disks become part of another distinct stripe set (SS). Further, writing the data to only a subset of storage devices enables a larger more efficient size of data to be written instead of small, inefficient blocks of data to all of the storage devices. It also enables multiple files to be written at the same time to distinct stripe sets (SS) instead of waiting for a file to be written to all the storage devices before the next one is taken up. Use of stripe sets (SS) (with parity/RAID) protects against data loss by enabling the data to be reconstructed despite the failure of storage device(s).
[0057] Description
[0058] The present invention optimizes storage capacity utilization by implementing a storage policy that entails taking over a predefined percentage of total or unused storage space on nodes and making it available for other nodes on the network.
[0059] The storage policy may include policy decisions such as the percentage of available storage space that is to be committed to global storage (GS) (i.e. either as percentage of total storage capacity on that node or only a portion of the available unused space), whether or not to use computed parity (RAID), whether or not to setup a backup process, type of backup to implement (synchronous, asynchronous etc.), scheduling an optimal time for backup etc. Further, the storage policy itself may also be setup to be dynamically implemented on nodes based on the increasing requirements for storage capacity and also to dynamically modify the percentage of storage segmentation (into nodal storage (NS) and global storage (GS)) based on such criteria.
[0060] Back-Up Methodologies: As 'hot backups' (also known as synchronous backups) generally tend to further clog the network, the administrator is empowered with selecting a backup methodology and scheduling a timeframe for backup. The administrator, therefore, customizes a suitable backup approach taking data criticality, network traffic and other parameters into consideration. In addition, an additional level of redundancy maybe added by sending a copy of the data to a remote, offsite location through a VPN (virtual private network) or similar high performance network connection. FIG. 4 is a block diagram that depicts the illustrative embodiment.
[0061]FIG. 5 is a flowchart depicting the sequence of steps for implementing a storage segmentation policy for either specific nodes or all nodes on the network, in accordance with the illustrated embodiment. The sequence starts at step 500 and proceeds to step 502 where the node receives the storage segmentation policy from the controller (C). The policy might be based on either total installed storage capacity or just the unused storage capacity available. In step 504 the node determines if the policy is based on unused storage capacity. If yes, the next step would be step 510, which involves implementation of the storage segmentation policy and designation of that percentage of available storage capacity as global storage (GS). (It is understood that when the storage segmentation policy is based on unused/available data storage capacity, the data storage capacity is in fact available for such configuration/segmentation, irrespective of the percentage (up to 100%) to be segmented). The controller (C) is then informed of the status (successful implementation of the storage segmentation policy) in step 512 and the process concludes in step 514.
[0062] If the answer to step 504 were negative, it would imply that the storage segmentation policy is based on the total installed data storage capacity on the node. The next step would then be step 506, where the node reads both the total and unused storage capacity on the node. In step 508, the node determines if the percentage of storage capacity to be segmented and designated as global storage (GS) is in fact available (as unused storage capacity). If yes, the storage segmentation policy is implemented in step 510 and the storage capacity as indicated by the storage segmentation policy is designated as global storage (GS). The controller (C) is then informed of the status in step 512 (successful implementation of the storage segmentation policy) and the process concludes in step 514.
[0063] In step 508, if the answer is negative, the process moves on to step 512, where the controller (C) is informed of the status (failure of the storage segmentation policy implementation process) and in this case also passes information about total and unused storage capacity both in terms of percentage and actual storage units.
[0064] If the process fails, the controller (C) may instruct the particular nodes to run the 'data cleanser' (explained in the next section) and re-try the storage segmentation policy implementation.
[0065] Once the decision has been made to effectively utilize storage capacity and the policy has been implemented, storage capacity can now be categorized as nodal storage (NS) and global storage (GS). In fact, global storage may be specifically designated and identified as such (GS), while all the remaining storage capacity may be implicitly considered as nodal storage (NS).
[0066] The working structure of the system differs with and without a data backup policy, as described below.
[0067] Case I: With (Onsite) Redundancy
[0068] Writing Data
[0069] For data written to nodal storage (NS) by a node to its local disk (or by a thin-client node to the server or a dedicated storage device on the network), the conventional procedure where the application passes the instructions to the file system and I/O subsystem is followed. Once this data has been written to nodal storage (NS), a replica of the same data is later written to the Node manager (NM)—at a predefined time, based on the backup methodology/policy. It is noteworthy that, in this scenario, the Node manager (NM) acts as a backup repository by storing a replica of the original data.
[0070] When the node or server group (SG) is out of nodal storage (NS), the data is now written onto the global storage (GS) of the storage server nodes (SN) in the entire network in a two-step process. Data is in fact first written to and stored on the Node manager (NM). This data is later replicated from the Node manager (NM) onto the global storage (GS) section of a selection of individual storage server nodes (SN), based on the backup policy implemented by the administrator. The Node manager (NM) maintains a metadata system that indicates where on the Node manager (NM) the system has stored each data block and also the specific locations on the storage server nodes (SN) where they have been replicated. In this scenario, the original data from the client nodes (CN) is in fact written to the Node manager (NM). The global storage (GS) of the selected nodes, therefore, actually hosts only the backup copy of data.
[0071] The Node manager (NM) uses a high performance write cache to improve file system performance. When data is written to the Node manager (NM) the write cache acknowledges the I/O request and sends a response to the client node (CN) (returns control to the application) without waiting for the data to be written to disk (stored on disk). The Node manager (NM) may further use non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM) to handle file system metadata and reduce disk accesses. To avoid redundancy, the write cache may use the same NVRAM as a cache for storing file system metadata and regular data. This enhances fault-tolerance, file system availability and recovery in the event of a system crash. Moreover, the usage of NVRAM enables the usage of DMA (direct memory access) or similar methodologies (that enable direct transfer of data between memory and disk without the involvement of the processor) to transfer this metadata onto another node or to offsite backup thereby freeing up the processors for other system procedures.
[0072] Data that is being backed up from the Node manager (NM) to global storage (GS) is batched together into a sequential log, which is then divided into more efficient larger blocks, the size of which is determined by the Node manager (NM). The controller (C) on the node manager (NM) receives information about the network bandwidth usage from the network bandwidth meters (BM) and information about I/O subsystem capacity and usage of storage server nodes (SN) from the software agents (SA) installed on these nodes. This information is used to determine the optimum batch size of data to be written to the global storage (GS) of storage server nodes (SN), by optimal utilization of network bandwidth and I/O subsystem of storage server nodes (SN), thereby avoiding clogging of the network and straining of the storage server nodes' (SN) system resources, which may happen if data is sent at an inopportune time (for instance, when the storage server nodes' (SN) file system resources are already severely strained). This information may also be used to define peak usage times and off-peak usage times and to determine a suitable time for the back-up process.
[0073] This data may be backed up with or without parity on the global storage (GS) of storage server nodes (SN). From the above description, it is understood that the storage capacity on the node manager (NM) would always have to be more than the storage capacity on all the storage server nodes (SN), combined—as the node manager (NM) would have to store as much data as can be stored on all the storage server nodes (SN) whose storage resources are being tapped and the file system metadata on the node manager (NM) itself. It follows that the data storage capacity on the node manager (NM) would have to be increased when additional storage resources are being tapped in line with such a storage policy.
[0074] DATA TRANSFER: File or block level data transfer: The data that is written by the nodes to the Node manager (NM) and then by the Node manager (NM) to the global storage (GS) on the storage server nodes (SN) can be written either at a file level or at a block level (a block is a collection of data from a file).
[0075] PARITY: The data that is written to the Node manager (NM) may further be written with parity (RAID) or without parity. Computed parity/RAID methodology is used to protect against data loss by enabling the data to be reconstructed despite the failure of storage device(s). Using parity at this stage provides another level of precaution against data loss and provides higher data availability. When written with parity, the data that is sent to Node manager (NM) is evenly fragmented and striped only onto a subset of drives installed on the Node manager (NM), referred to as a stripe set (SS). If RAID is implemented on the node manager (NM), data written by the client nodes (CN) to the Node manager (NM) are batched together by the Node manager (NM), fragmented and striped onto distinct stripe sets (SS) in optimal size data blocks to increase efficiency. This operation of batching together data written by client nodes (CN) and segmenting the same into fragments may be handled by the NVRAM of the Node manager (NM).
[0076] Similarly, data being written by the node manager (NM) to the global storage (GS) of storage server nodes (SN) may also be written with parity. In this case, the data is written only to a subset (stripe set (SS)) of available storage server nodes (SN).
[0077] DATA SECURITY: All data that is written to the Node manager (NM) and the global storage (GS) of storage server nodes (SN) is identified with a file ID which includes information about the client writing the data, a security identifier which determines access restrictions etc. A complete log of all transactions is recorded to ensure business continuity.
[0078] Reading Data
[0079] For data that is stored on the nodal storage (NS) section of a node, the file is opened and closed in just the same way as accessing a file on local disk. Any changes made to the files on nodal storage (NS) are later copied onto the Node manager (NM).
[0080] For files that were written to the global storage (GS) section of storage server nodes (SN), it must be noted that the original data written by the client nodes (CN) is in fact hosted on the Node manager (NM) and the global storage (GS) only holds a replica of the same. All data that is written by the client nodes (CN) to the Node manager (NM) appears as a local file on the client node (CN). However, a pointer is placed from the file on the client node (CN) to the node manager's (NM) metadata system for this particular file. When a user on the client node (CN) tries to open this file, the pointer contacts the Node manager (NM) where the request for the file is checked with the security ID stored in the file ID (for this specific file/block of data) and the file is presented to the client node (CN) upon validation of file access privileges. Any changes made by the client nodes (CN) to this copy are stored and later incorporated in the copy of the same (stored on global storage (GS) section of storage server nodes (SN)).
[0081] CACHE CONSISTENCY: When file data are accessible by multiple client nodes (CN) at the same time and cached by the client nodes (CN), there is the potential that one client node (CN) may write to and thereby update a particular file when the same file is being read by another client node (CN). Different approaches may be taken to address this situation, which include an optimistic approach of assuming that a client node (CN) will not update a file when it is being read by another client node (CN) or a pessimistic approach where the client node (CN) reading a file that has just been updated (by another client node (CN)) must discard its cached file data and fetch the updated one. The present invention provides an avenue for the selection of a suitable approach but leaves the determination of which approach to be followed to the users of the client nodes (CN).
[0082] From the above, it is evident that the node manager (NM) has the uniqueness of acting as a back-up device (by hosting copies of data that were written by different nodes to their nodal storage (NS)) and also acts as a host of original files (by hosting the actual files/data that were committed by different nodes to the global storage (GS) of nodes on the network).
[0083] Data Cleaning
[0084] When data is read and updated, it often leads to the removal of blocks of data, leaving unused, empty spaces or 'holes' that contain no data. Irrespective of whether RAID methodology/Computed parity is used, the removal of these 'holes' both on the node manager (NM) and the individual storage server nodes (SN) are necessary to improve system performance. A 'data cleanser'—an application that is similar to a disk defragmentation process, achieves this purpose. For the storage server nodes (SN), the data cleanser may be built into the software agents (SA) and invoked either at predetermined times—when the node is expected to be idle, when the node is actually relatively idle or when a storage segmentation policy is being implemented on that node etc.
[0085] For the node manager (NM), the data cleanser may be built into the controller (C) or as an independent application. The actual invocation of the data cleansing operation on the node manager (NM) may be scheduled at intervals of a specific number of read-write operations, at a predetermined time or other such parameters.
[0086] Operation
[0087]FIG. 6 is a flowchart depicting the sequence of steps for writing and backing-up data in accordance with the illustrated embodiment. The sequence starts at step 600 and proceeds to step 602 where an I/O transaction, such as a write transaction is issued by the user application to the file system. Step 604 examines if there is sufficient nodal storage (NS) to which the data can be written. If the nodal storage (NS) is sufficient for the data to be written, data is written to disk in step 606. The data is backed up on the node manager (NM) in step 608 and the transaction completes in step 614.
[0088] If the nodal storage (NS) is insufficient for the data to be written, the data is then sent to and written on the node manager (NM) in step 610. The node manager (NM) later backs-up the data onto the global store (GS) section of selected storage server nodes (SN) in step 612, which completes the transaction in step 614.
[0089] Case II: Without Onsite Redundancy
[0090] The embodiment described thus far can be modified for scenarios/network architectures that do not utilize a centralized file server/storage device for onsite backup (i.e. without the node manager (NM)). The controller (C) can now be installed on any node and manages the file system metadata, the implementation of the storage segmentation policy (configuration and segmentation of data storage capacity on nodes into nodal storage (NS) and global storage (GS) sections), implementation of the off-site backup policy, assimilation of information from software agents (SA) etc.
[0091] When a node is out of nodal space, data to be written is now striped onto a stripe set (SS) of global storage (GS) sections on individual storage server nodes (SN). The controller (C) actually determines the stripe set (SS) onto whose global storage (GS) sections this data is to be actually written. The controller (C) passes this stripe set (SS) information to the nodes, when contacted by the nodes prior to writing the data to global storage (GS). The controller simultaneously records a log of all transactions for business continuity purposes.
[0092] While storing data in this scenario (without onsite redundancy) might appear similar to peer-to-peer storage—a method of storing data on other nodes on the network, the primary difference and big advantage of the present embodiment is the ability to dynamically and seamlessly segment storage capacity either in terms of actual or unused data capacity. Such segmentation takes into account the interests of both the specific entity within an organization as well as the organization's goals itself into consideration by providing direct owners of storage resources (for example: a specific department in an enterprise) an assurance that a certain percentage of storage capacity (in the specific department) will always be available for their specific usage (irrespective of the changes in the amount of installed data storage capacity in the department) while that additional percentage being shared with other nodes contributes towards giving the enterprise flexibility in planning storage resources and in the goal of effective utilization of enterprise wide storage resources besides other advantages already described.
[0093] Additions To Installed Data Storage Capacity
[0094] Addition of storage capacity to storage server nodes (SN): If additional data storage capacity is added to storage server nodes (SN) which are a part of the storage segmentation policy, the software agents (SA) on these storage server nodes (SN) automatically configure and segment the additional storage capacity being installed—inline with the existing storage policy.
[0095] Addition of storage server nodes (SN): If an additional storage server node (SN) is being added to the network and the storage policy entails configuration, segmentation etc. of all storage resources on the network, the software agents (SA) are automatically and remotely installed by the controller (C) onto the specific storage server node (SN) being added onto the network and its storage resources are configured inline with the existing storage policy.
[0096] In either of these situations, when additional storage resources are being brought under the storage policy and in the case of onsite redundancy (where the node manager (NM) is used), the controller (C) checks to ensure that the data storage capacity installed on the node manager (NM) always remains more than the combined storage capacity on the storage server nodes (SN)—as the node manager (NM) has to store as much data as can be stored on all the storage server nodes in addition to the file system metadata on the node manager (NM) itself. So, when more data storage resources are being added, the controller (C) would implement the storage policy only on that many storage resources that would still maintain this condition and temporarily withhold the implementation on the remaining storage resources. However, the controller (C) would notify the storage administrator of this situation and the necessity to increase storage capacity on the node manager (NM). The storage policy would then be implemented on these remaining storage resources i.e. once the storage capacity of the node manager (NM) has been increased.
[0097] Business Continuity: As a work around for any possible equipment failure, all the file system metadata (including backups taken) is recorded on the node manager (NM), at an alternate location on the network and at a remote offsite storage location. If the failure occurs on the node manager (NM), business continuity is ensured by setting-up another device with the controller (C) essentially making it a node manager (NM), which can then pick up from the point of interruption.
[0098] The methodology and techniques described herein provide several advantages over prior approaches for managing data storage resources in a computing environment. Effective utilization of data storage capacity is accomplished and an avenue is provided to implement an effective data storage policy across or through parts of the network to obtain true value from existing resources and a higher return on investment while putting off/limiting unnecessary expenditure for additional storage resources. The present invention ensures smooth flow of transactions and prevents cessation/hindrance to ongoing business activities due to the mere non-transportability or inability to seamlessly and dynamically share existing data storage resources. A stable and predictable response to rapid increases in demand for storage resources is now achieved with the ability to dynamically tailor this response to match changing requirements.
[0099] The present invention enables automatic and dynamic configuration and segmentation of additional data storage resources being added to the network. It also increases network bandwidth usage efficiency by reducing network bandwidth clogging and also effectively utilizes I/O subsystem bandwidth on nodes. Improved data recovery in the event of failure is also facilitated.
[0100] Wherever a centralized file server/dedicated storage appliance is used for onsite redundancy, several advantages are offered at no additional cost, by just routing the data path through the same, when necessary.
[0101] In the foregoing specification, the invention has been described with reference to an illustrative embodiment thereof. However, it will be evident that various modifications and changes may be made thereto without departing from the broader spirit and scope of the invention. The specification and drawings are, accordingly, to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense. Therefore, it is the object of the appended claims to cover all such modifications and changes as come within the true spirit and scope of the invention.
Referenced by
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Posted 21 September 2012 - 17:10
Posted 24 September 2012 - 23:04
It doesn't help. People on the Do Not Call list have gotten calls from these numbers regardless.
Is there a do not call list available to you, basically a number you call and put in your number. This supposedly blocks them from being allowed to call you.
I often get calls from numbers I don't recognize, whether from school or work. But usually, I won't answer if I don't recognize the area code and let it forward to voicemail.
Block all calls except for phonebook entries ?
Change your number ?
Posted 24 September 2012 - 23:34
Posted 24 September 2012 - 23:45
Just wondering here...
In the UK we have an option called the Telephone Preference Service. It's governed under something call the Direct Marketing Association. Essentially you register your number for free (you just have to prove you own that number every 12 months or your registrations lapses) and any companies using direct marketing techniques (as you seem to be plagued by) who call you while your number is registered will earn a "strike" once you've reported them. Three strikes and those companies are fined heavily and repeated offences after that will have them investigated by the national watchdog (OfCom in our case) which means they essentially have to stop business for a few days to have everything they do gone over with a fine tooth comb.
I'm assuming however, you're not a resident of our green and pleasant land but there should be something like this available where you live?
Posted 24 September 2012 - 23:53
Don't most if not all telemarketing calls leave no caller ID/number?

subset: commoncrawl


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So, in a vacuum, for a keeper league, would you consider keeping a Kimbrall over, say, a Chase Utley, an older veteran with serious injury concerns?
Comment by Zach — November 21, 2011 @ 1:21 pm
I was lucky enough to have a choice of keeping Axford, Kimbrel or both at $ values pretty close to those above ($10 and $16 to be precise). I decided to trade Kimbrel and got Elvis Andrus ($10) back. I've been burned on all BA/SB guys in the past but felt like it was better to fill the scarce position. Will I regret the trade overall? What about keeping Axford instead of Kimbrel?
Comment by Owen G — November 21, 2011 @ 4:10 pm
I like that trade for you. Quality shortstops are hard to find, and you got one for a reliever. A very good reliever yes, but still just a reliever. Axford doesn't have the same kind of workload concerns, little bit more a track record as well.
Comment by Mike Axisa — November 21, 2011 @ 4:12 pm
It depends on the right veteran, but I would keep Utley over Kimbrel. Hard to find decent production at second base.
Comment by Mike Axisa — November 21, 2011 @ 4:13 pm
There are tons and tons of 2Bs..
Comment by Max — November 21, 2011 @ 4:26 pm
If Bailey is traded to the Reds, per the latest rumor, who steps in as closer for the A's? I know Fuentes got the majority of SVO last year, but Balfour is the guy for 2012, right?
Comment by PepeShady — November 21, 2011 @ 4:51 pm
If Bailey is traded it's less clear cut. The player the A's would like to be their closer is actually Fautino De Los Santos, who throws 96 MPH and has impressive strikeout rates pre-and-post TJ surgery. The key for him is command and control — his walk rates came down to respectable levels in 2010 but he struggled a bit in 2011.
As for Balfour, he's just as likely as Bailey to be trade bait.
The smart play in a keeper league is De Los Santos because he was cheap to pick up in 2011 (I had him for $1).
All of this is relevant only of you play in a deeper league, as I do (12 owners A.L.-only with 17-man reserves plus 23-man rosters). In shallow mixed leagues banking on any one A's closer at this point may carry more risk than reward.
Comment by rotofan — November 22, 2011 @ 5:35 am
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The Localization of Phantom Images in an Omnidirectional Stereophonic Loudspeaker System
While testing a 360 degree dispersion stereophonic loudspeaker system, anomalies in terms of 'depth' and 'size' in the perception of phantom images were noticed. This has led to an investigation of phantom images in both stereophonic and monophonic music reproduction. Differences in the perception of high and low frequencies are considered and a hypothesis regarding the relationship between the perception of reverberant fields of the source room and playback rooms is presented.
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How do they look
richiesailsApril 21, 2013
These hot peppers are bailey piquin. How do you guys think there looking. Just moved them today into cups. Previously they were in peat pots. For starters. A little concerned cause some leaves have been turning yellow. Looking forward to hearing from the forum thanks.


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N.D. oil and gas leases auctioned
DICKINSON, N.D. — The Bureau of Land Management auctioned oil and gas leases on federal land totaling about $2.9 million in three southwest North Dakota counties.
Companies bought leases for 22 parcels in Billings, Golden Valley and Slope counties, said bureau spokeswoman Kristen Lenhardt.
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It's my birthday, and I'll post a rainbow sunshine selfie if I want to! (That's how that song goes, right?) ;)
It's my birthday, and I'll post a rainbow sunshine selfie if I want to! (That's how that song goes, right?) ;)
I forgot to post this on Christmas day proper, but hopefully you don't mind having it a couple of days late!
@darryldarko snapped this last Catsmas in Portland. (Miss that guy!)
Hope you & yours are having a lovely holiday, everyone!
Hey guys!
Sorry I haven't been super active blog-wise lately. SG has a lot of really awesome projects in the works here at HQ, and I've been working especially hard with @rambo and @lolana to bring the BLACKHEART BURLESQUE babes to London!
The girls are performing at The Electric Ballroom on the 10th of January, with a ton of amazing new numbers, plus
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@kerosene is amazing, you guys!
I'll be on SG Radio tonight with tons of rad ladies: @moxi @chloe @charmaine @liryc @lauren @luci @euphemia & @cheyenne
Listen or watch tonight at 6pm (Pacific time) on www.tradiov.com! Yay!!
…that I taught you how to tie a tie?
I'll bet @soya does!
(See the full video here!)
Me and a ton of other SuicideGirls will be signing copies of Geekology next weekend! I'm so excited to scribble in your books, you guys! Who will I see there?!
I'm long overdue for a new blog post, you guys.
It's been so crazy at the office the last few weeks! Between Comic Con, driving the Blackheart Burlesque ladies to and from Hell City, helping with marketing for the burlesque tour, ANNND coordinating tons of shoots for babes, I've hardly had time to write anything new for you sweet things! (By the
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I'm off to Comic Con, ladies &gents! Talk to ya next week!
A photo from SDCC in 2009, with the 2nd issue of the SuicideGirls magazine! - Expect a similar photo from this year, but with a copy of our new Geekology book! ;)
Facebook: LYXZEN.SUICIDE | Instagram:@FUCKINGDANGEROUS | Etsy: ERICADANGER | Twitter: @LYXZENSUICIDE | Member Review: NIGHTS OF LOVE


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Croatia Blog Week: Hvar
Good afternoon, good morning or maybe even good evening, dear travel addicts. How are you today? If you happen to be living in Belgium, chances are pretty good you're looking at dark skies and rainy clouds at the moment. But not to worry, the.ego.tripper is coming to the rescue. And for the non-Belgian fans: the.ego.tripper […]Read Post ›


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Low-cost cover for leftovers for fridge
Actually, I didn't want to be accused of making inflated claims for the service, but this system is actually no-cost.
When you have your leftovers collected in a soup bowl, etc., slip the bowl into a bread wrapper.
If you ensure that a good amount of air is trapped, then twist the open end, you'll avoid having the bread wrapper dip down into the leftover. Tuck the twisted end of the bread wrapper under the bowl, so that it stays twisted and the air balloon stays in place.
"Cheap, cheap," says the little birdie.
Good wishes for finding savings in all of your activities.
ole joyful
If you ever need a quick "cheep-cheep" cover for a big tray or platter, use the disposable clear plastic shower caps!! I use, wash and reuse for several months at a time!! They are MUCH cheaper than the Saran plastic covers!!


text:
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Welcome to the online guide for Neuroscience. In this guide you will find links to useful databases, journals and internet resources for Neuroscience research.
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Source: UCLA Interactive Neuroscience Contributor: Carolyn Houser
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Sears offers the Disney Frozen Digital Camcorder, model no. 38327-KM, for $24.99. Opt for in-store pickup to avoid the $5.99 shipping fee. That's the lowest price we could find by $3. It features a 1.5" LCD screen, SD card slot, and built-in microphone.
Of note, Shop Your Way Rewards members will earn a Sears credit with this purchase and may be eligible for additional credits and discounts.
Disney Frozen Digital Camcorder
$25 pickup at SearsShop Now
Posted 18 hr 25 min ago


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Shop now and get Free Value Shipping on most orders over $49 to the contiguous 48 states, DC and to all U.S. Military APO/FPO/DPO addresses.
We want to ensure that making a return is as easy and hassle-free as possible! If for any reason you decide that your purchase just isn't for you, simply return the item within 30 days of receipt and we'll cover the cost of return shipping. Learn more about our Return Policy.
The Strong Leather Company Side Open Badge Case 87 is intended to be an effective way to show your current badge. Built using resilient and dependable materials, these Badge Holders from the professionals at Strong Leather Company can provide you with many, many years of solid and successful service. Law enforcement professionals will love the Strong Leather Company Side Open Badge Case 87 for the practicality and dependability that it will provide them day-to-day. At OpticsPlanet, we'd like to help you in receiving the most beneficial possible Badge Holders for all of your identification demands, and the Strong Leather Company Side Open Badge Case 87 is certainly one that we are delighted to provide. If you are shopping for an affordable way to be sure your badge is accurately shown, pick out the Strong Leather Company Side Open Badge Case 87.
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sick maidenhair fern?
I got an indoor maidenhair fern a few weeks ago, and it's been getting worse and worse ever since. A lot of the upper leaves have wilted and dried up, but without yellowing or anything - they're darkish green. Not sure if this is normal, but it also smells kind of sweet, like cut grass. There are a lot of gray-green spots all over the foliage...I'm thinking it's because I used to mist it, and there might have been something in the bottle...
At one point it was in a terrarium, and I think I overwatered it, so I moved it to a pot...ever since then the upper leaves have been wilting as described above. Is there something wrong with the roots? Will it get better on its own, or is there something I can do?
That is one genus of ferns that has eluded me lol I usually slowly kill them even when I get the tropical species .
All seem to require very high humidty like over 60 percent
yet seem very sensitive to overwatering as you mention.
Would assume you have a tropical species since your growing indoors but even if it's a temperate should grow for several months . my longest survivors were kept in an outdoor terrarium and my guess as to why was the very high humidity level. Anyway hope that helps a tiny bit
If you learn any tricks please share They are gorgeous!! lol gary


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* Jameson's epic reaction to Peter's request to be paid in advance: he cackles.
-->"You serious? Pay you for what, standing there?"
* For some reason, I always bust out laughing when J. Jonah Jameson realizes Mary Jane stood up his son at the altar. The ''very first thing'' he says to his wife, with the utmost seriousness in his voice, is "Call the caterer. Tell her ''not to open the caviar.''"
* Here's one most people miss:
-->'''J. Jonah Jameson''': I'll give you 150.\\
'''Peter Parker''': 300.\\
'''J. Jonah Jameson''': That's outrageous! Done.
* The "[[ForHalloweenIAmGoingAsMyself Spider-Man]] [[UncomfortableElevatorMoment rides the elevator]]" scene.
* In the climactic scene, just after MJ discovers Peter is Spider-Man, a giant wall starts falling on her. He [[LoadBearingHero catches it]], grins at her, and says "Hi!"
** "This is... really heavy."
** Also, his [[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1jJ9sQTX4EE scream]] when the wall is about to fall on her. It's so {{Narm}}y that you just [[NarmCharm gotta love it.]]
* The outtakes of JK Simmons trying to say "...a thief!" when Spidey takes his costume back due to the fake teeth in his mouth that won't stop popping out.
* The scene in the extended cut where [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aRhze-CEdcU JJ wears the Spidey Suit]] unaware he's being watched.
* [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4R3ywUSqrn8 The "Raindrops Keep Falling on my Head" montage.]]
** The bit that always slaughters me is the bicycle wheel coming off, bouncing out the window and hitting a car below. Cue yells.
---> '''Peter''': Um! Sorry!
* The spoof of his first attempt to come back to being Spider-Man.
--> '''Peter''': I'M BACK!
--> *Jumps, and falls into washing lines and lands on a car. He gets up and his back cracks loudly*
--> '''Peter''': MY BACK!
** As an added bonus, the alarm to the car that Peter fell on goes off as he walks away.
* In an interview on public radio, Bruce Campbell discusses his various roles in the films, playing up their importance for laughs. When discussing his usher role in this film, he jokingly brags that he "defeated Spider-Man."
* [[MemeticMutation WHOOOA, HE STOLE THAT GUYS PIZZA!]]
* Aunt May kicking the loan guy, though she tried to kick Peter's leg, but his Spider Sense help avoid that. During the fight between Spidey and Doc Ock, a coin rolls towards him, he picks it up, but Aunt May slaps his hand, making him drop it.
* Who could forget:
--> '''J. Jonah Jameson''': Spider-Man...was a hero. I just....couldn't see it. He was....
--> '''J. Jonah Jameson''': ...[[AstonishinglyAppropriateInterruption a thief!]] A criminal! He stole my suit! He's a menace to the entire city! I want that wall crawling menace PROSECUTED! I want him...STRUNG UP BY HIS WEB! [[SkywardScream I WANT SPIDER-MAAANNN!!!!]]
** The entirety of the outtakes for the film are hilarious, but the best bit is arguably JK Simmons having trouble keeping his fake teeth in when yelling "A THIEF!"


text: Build baby's wardrobe at a big value. Expandable shoulders slip easily over little ears, and front-facing bottom snaps make changes easier. Price: Price pending Expandable shoulders for easy over-the-head dressing 3 nickel-free snaps on reinforced panel last longer through all those diaper changes Mix and match with other Carter's pieces Machine washable Cotton Imported More


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Today's guest post is from Olivia of DIY Mother. Olivia is a 20-something mother to two rambunctious little girls, and wife to a handsomely handy contractor. Her family purchased their first home last year, and since then have been embarking on any DIY renovation project they can dream up; she's also become a bit of a decorating nerd. Somehow [continue reading…]
Bathroom Reveal
This post has been a long time in coming such that I am SOOOOO excited to finally be able to share it with you. A few years ago when my husband and I moved into our house we knew there was one room we definitely wanted to redo–the bathroom. To begin with, it looked like [continue reading…]
Six Cost Effective Home Decor Ideas {Guest Post}
We all know that without a bit of attention our rooms can become run down over the years, and in these current economic times not many of us can afford to invest too much money on home décor. With that in mind, this article is intended to give you 5 easy and cost effective ways [continue reading…]
DIY Roman Shades
Phew! What a week! It's amazing how much stuff you can get done during a bloggy vacation when you set your mind to it. And because of it, I now have so much new stuff to share with YOU! The first of which is a DIY project I've been working on for several months but [continue reading…]
Unique, Fresh Colors to Paint Your Home This Spring Season
Guest Post by Christina Johnson of Douglas Elliman Real Estate Springtime is just around the corner, and you're probably wondering what the color trends are for the new season. Spring is a wonderful time to paint, as you can open up the windows and let in natural sunlight to highlight the color in the room. Watch out for these [continue reading…]


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Home Sweet Home Resort
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The Southern Adventure!
Today we decided to leave the comfort of our beautiful beach and venture out into the real Jamaica. Our trip took us to the Southerly side of the Island through some very rural terrain. Jamaica is a lot more mountainous than we had realised and also very heavily wooded. The day started. Quite wet and windy and water was running down the road. Our first stop was at the YS Falls where we were able to walk to ...
Off to touristville
... Bay on the west end of Negril. The bay and beach are beautiful but the whole place is filled with enormous tourist resorts. Belly and Wendy did some snorkelling on a nearby reef then gathered Rick up and they did a long walk on the beach past dozens of tourist souvenir stalls.
Back on the boat we had dinner and did a bit of catching up of diary writing, photos, emails ...
Chilling on the beach!
... to sea and is getting very confident out there! Mother pleased to hear you have passed all your tests and that you will soon be back on the road again!!!! Hope Claire you have had. Agood time in Paris and that the Trim family had a good time in Munich on the slopes!! Finally a very Happy Birthday to Rod who is 21 again today!!! Not a lot to report today . ...
Drama at Sea ..................... Well almost!!!!
The beach has been very vibrant today with lots of singing and buskers hoping to earn a few dollars! Some have been quite good! The day started very hot and quite calm but soon the wind got up and the sea was anything but calm! No one was taking the Cats out so of course Rob thought he would!!! Well he shot out to sea on the first breeze and soon was happily sailing back and forth! He said it was fantastic ! However the wind got up more and the side of the Cat ...
Bob Marley day!
We awoke to beautiful blue skies and avery hot start but as the day went on the wind got up and turned out to be a perfect day for sailing!! Apparently we are only 90 minutes from Cuba an dI did wonder if Rob was going to make an appearance on their shores as he became a dot on the horizon!! He did admit going out was easier than turning round!! However he arrived back safely and all was well! Today was ...


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iPhone, Android, Windows Phone 7, Blackberry, or feature phones.
Mobile Phones
What 'pay as you go' smartphone would you recommend?
Episode 1171
Leo says that FreedomPop claims to be free. But that may not be accurate. If he's wanting one for a conference, he could have issues because everyone is connecting.
Leo says to check out Walmart's Straight Talk. Someone in the chatroom suggested Page Plus Cellular, which uses Verizon's network.
Why am I getting strange text messages?
Episode 1172Nuris from
Nuris has an Alcatel phone and her mom is getting weird texts. Leo says that it sounds like someone else is texting her, and it could easily be someone texting the wrong number. Leo has a hunch that T-Mobile has crossed a few wires, and they'll need to fix it.
How can I reset a passcode locked iPhone?
Episode 1172Paul from
Paul recently bought an iPhone and the passcode has suddenly stopped working. Leo says that a full restore can solve the issue. He can connect it to a computer and then go into iTunes. But he may need to go into something called "DFU mode." This is a more serious reset of the phone. Paul should search YouTube for DFU and see how it's done.
How can I get video off of an old flip phone?
Episode 1171
Mark has a bunch of old phones, including one from Cingular which has a very important video clip on it. How can he get it off? Could he just hold up another phone and playback and recapture it? Leo says it won't be ideal, but it's a good stopgap measure. The Bluetooth standard is so old on that phone that it can't pair with anything. It wouldn't help anyway, since it didn't support Bluetooth back then.
How many Bluetooth devices can I have paired to a Samsung Galaxy Note 4?
Episode 1171Gail from
Gail wants to know how many paired devices she can use with her Samsung Galaxy Note 4. Leo says there is a limit and if she wants to start over, she can reset it. Leo also says to check if the Bluetooth has been disabled. She could try resetting it, and restart the phone as well.
How can I return a lost iPhone?
Episode 1171Pete from
Pete found an iPhone on the road and it's locked. How can he track down the owner and get it back to them? Leo says that there really isn't much he can do other than file a 'found phone' report. He could interact with Siri and see if he can get information from her. In fact, he can use Siri to return it, according to 9to5Mac. But if Siri has been disabled, there really isn't a lot he can do. He could also contact Apple. Maybe they can help.
How can I sync Outlook to my Android phone?
Episode 1171
Marsha would like to sync Outlook with Google Calendar so she can sync with her Android phone. Leo says that Google used to have AppSync, but they discontinued it. There are third party apps Marsha could use though:
What's the best battery case for an iPhone 6 Plus?
Episode 1170Dave from
Is there something I can use to skip tracks while driving?
Episode 1170
Vlad has a Samsung Galaxy S4 and he wants to know if there's a hardware accessory that will allow him to listen to podcasts in his car and skip commercials. Leo says that is an interesting idea. Android for Cars will have it, but that's not ready yet. So no, there's nothing out there just yet specifically for that.
What can I buy in China that isn't here in the US?
Episode 1170
James' wife is going to China in a few weeks and he wants to know if there's anything new over there that isn't over here that she can pick up for him. Leo says that while manufacturing is mostly in China, a lot of the innovation still happens in the US. But Xiaomi makes some amazing phones that aren't available here in the US. There's also a lot of clones of iPhones and other devices there that look like iPhones, but are really Android phones that have been skinned to look like iOS.


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Hotels & Resorts Cheboygan, Michigan - The Best Western River Terrace is located on the beautiful Cheboygan River in Northern Michigan. The hotel is on a wooded lot with a sloping terrace to
Find great deals on quality hotels & resorts in Cheboygan Michigan, or indulge at one of our luxury resorts. Take advantage of the many amenities that can be included with your stay such as in-room internet access, wifi, room service, fitness center, pool, hot tub, steam room, and shuttle services to and from the airport. Browse our hotels and resorts in Cheboygan Michigan and plan your Cheboygan Michigan vacation today!


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SHIPPENSBURG, Pa. (Dec. 26, 2014) – While most first graders are learning to count to 100 and become an independent reader, a class in the Shippensburg Area School District was also learning a lesson in kindness.
Current News
CHAMBERSBURG, Pa. (Dec. 23, 2014) – The Pennsylvania Department of Health announced last week that influenza is "widespread" in Pennsylvania.
CHAMBERSBURG, Pa. (Dec. 18, 2014) – Chambersburg Hospital and Chambersburg Area Hospital Auxiliary recently partnered with a local school district on a clothing drive.
CHAMBERSBURG, Pa. (Dec. 10, 2014) – Summit Pain Medicine, an affiliate of Summit Health, welcomes Rachel Hikes, a physician assistant, to their practice.
GREENCASTLE, Pa. (Dec. 11, 2014) – The Greencastle-Antrim Endowment, a component of Summit Endowment, has announced they are now accepting applications for their 2015 health education scholarships.
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News Archive
|Release Date
|Chambersburg Hospital takes a "time out" for patient safety
|Hospital Auxiliary awards scholarships
|Lee Crawford Memorial Golf Classic Announced
|At-home sleep studies now available in Franklin County
|Summit Occupational Health welcomes nurse practitioner
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With 3 HP, a whopping 13-1/2'' of resaw capacity, industrial build quality and conveniences such as tool-free blade guide adjustments and a quick-release blade tensioning system, Jet's 14'' 3HP Band Saw is poised to make a big impression, with a small footprint. The fence has been redesigned with a laser-etched scale and is micro-adjustable for incredible precision when ripping and resawing veneers and thin boards. Change blades quickly with one giant quick-release lever. Enjoy a better blade guard, super-efficient dual dust ports and a fence faceplate that rotates easily from the resawing position to standard ripping. With these features and more, this bandsaw will help you achieve a greater level of performance than ever before.
- Powerful 3 HP motor
- 13-1/2'' of resaw capacity
- Redesigned fence with laser etched scale and micro-adjust feature
- Two-position faceplate provides appropriate support for every cut
- Tool-free blade guide adjustments
- Conveniently located dual dust collection ports
- Sturdy cast iron wheels feature a shallow crown and polyurethane tires
- Heavy-duty quick-release tensioning mechanism
- Four-sided blade guard
- Blades can be removed out the front of the table—no bending or angling required
- Round table insert features leveling screws for perfect flatness with the table
- No assembly required
- Includes 1/2'' 4 TPI Hook blade
Tech Spec
|Weight (lbs)
|Band Saw Blade Size
|Band Saw Size
|Dust Collection
|4" Dual Port
|Saw Blade Speed
|21-1/2 x 16
Technical Details:
- Band Saw Size/Wheel Diameter (In.): 14
- Cutting Capacity Width (In.): 13-1/2
- Cutting Capacity Height (In.): 13-1/2
- Blade Length (In.): 125
- Blade Speed (SFPM): 3000
- Table Size (L x W) (In.): 21-1/2 x 16
- Fence Size (L x H) (In.): 18-1/4 x 6
- Blade Width (In.): 1/2
- Maximum Saw Blade Width (In.): 3/4
- Minimum Saw Blade Width (In.): 1/8
- Table Tilt (Deg.): 45 Right/10 Left
- Table Height from Floor (In.): 39
- Dust Collection Minimum CFM Required (CFM): 400
- Dust Port Outside Diameter (In.): 4
- Motor Power (HP): 3
- Motor Phase: 1
- Motor Voltage (V.): 230
- Prewired Voltage (V.): 230
- Motor Current (Amps.): 15/7.5
What's included:
(1) 1/2'' x 4 TPI Hook Blade
Customer Reviews
0 Review(s)


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I got the upper hand on japanese beetles
filixAugust 20, 2013
After trying everything out there, I finally found something that works. I bought some Agribon AG-15 Insect barrier. I covered my high bush blueberries and no more bugs. The berries ripened up and got nice and sweet, and life is good. If you have that problem. You might want to give it a try. Filix.


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Kia Optima Hybrid Questions Any type
- Newest
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How Does Multi Turn Car Radio Knobs Work
How does multi turn car radio knobs work? They keep turning many times to change sound level or stations. Thanks
2 views with no answers yet
How Do I Get Access To My Dead Battery, How Do I Open Trunk ??
Kia Optima Hybrid 2012 Wont Start
It clicks and makes noise and tgen everything goes on and off like the brake lights and things in car
Can I Tow A 2011 Kia Optima Hybrid On A Car Dolly (front Wheel Drive)
What Should Be Done If Car Is To Be Stored For 6 Months
we are snowbirds and will have car stored until fall of 2013. What do we need to do before leaving.
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Game Of Thrones returns to our screens on Sunday! It was all about prints for one of the hit TV show's stars, Sophie Turner, as she took to its Milan Premiere in a $1,479 Mary Katrantzou Landscape Print Dress:
Her multicolor silk dress features a round neck, short sleeves, a knee length, and an all-over landscape print.
Hot! Sophie's gorgeous no?
If you're up for the splurge, get Sophie's dress here.
Images: Getty
i love the fantasyland of the print.
GOT is gonna be EPIC this Sunday!!!
& hopefully *Billy Idol sings*
♫ ♩ it'll be a nice day to revenge a 'Red Weddiiing'♫ ♩ lol :-D
I live for Sophie Turner…all redheads, really.
Beautiful dress on a beautiful woman.
Beautiful dress on a beautiful woman.
She is stunmimg! And yeeah… cant wait! Sunday!!
She is stunning! And yeeah… cant wait! Sunday!!


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Idlewild Train Set to Run Again Wednesday
Posted: 04/08/2014 - The train at Idlewild Park will be back on the track starting Wednesday, April 9 after being temporarily out of service.
Posted: 04/08/2014 - The train at Idlewild Park will be back on the track starting Wednesday, April 9 after being temporarily out of service.
Posted: 04/08/2014 - Attention all job seekers: Silver Legacy is holding a job fair on Tuesday, April 8, 2014.
Updated: 04/08/2014 - A Nevada prison inmate serving up to life in prison has died at a Carson City hospital.
Updated: 04/08/2014 - University of Nevada, Reno engineering students are floating high in a concrete canoe.
Posted: 04/08/2014 - The City of Reno has announced it will not receive funding from the Federal Department of Emergency Management Staffing for an Adequate Fire and Emergency Response grant.
Posted: 04/09/2014 - The Washoe County School Board has approved $12 million toward making all schools in the district WiFi compatible.
Updated: 04/08/2014 - Two pit bulls were euthanized Monday after entering a Spanish Springs home and killing the owners' three dogs.
Updated: 04/08/2014 - High pressure will dominate this April week of weather, delivering mostly sunny skies, cool nights, and very warm days.
Updated: 04/08/2014 - Reno police are searching for the suspect who robbed a clerk at the Rainbow Market on Vassar Street.
Updated: 04/08/2014 - A two car accident has left some NV Energy customers in the Fallon area without power.
Posted: 04/07/2014 - A man is dead after his motorcycle crashed into a guardrail on State Route 341.
Updated: 04/09/2014 - Two people are dead after a crash that happened in Reno early Saturday morning.
Updated: 04/07/2014 - Chili's is backing away from plans to donate funds to a group that says autism can be triggered by vaccinations, a position that has been widely discredited by the medical community.
Updated: 04/07/2014 - The next time you go the ball park, you'll find a new healthy option among the choices at the concession stand. A new protein drink is not only fit for athletes, but also for your family. The best part-- it's made in northern Nevada.
Updated: 04/07/2014 - Authorities are investigating a rollover on I-80 East near the Derby Dam exit around 4:30 PM Sunday.
Posted: 04/06/2014 - Animal control officials say two pit bulls broke through a fence and entered a neighbor's home in Sparks through a dog door, killing three dogs inside.
Posted: 04/06/2014 - The Lundberg Survey of fuel prices released Sunday says the price of a gallon of regular is $3.61, the highest price in Lundberg's twice-monthly surveys since late July 2013.
Posted: 04/06/2014 - Wild-horse fertility control and sage-grouse habitat conservation are among top priorities in the proposed $1.1 billion budget for the U.S. Bureau of Land Management.
Updated: 05/12/2014 - Some of the best memories are made, not with technology, but with friends and a good old fashioned board game. From April 5-6, a local fraternity is going back to basics by holding a marathon board game tournament to help local veterans.
Updated: 05/12/2014 - You have the chance to be a hero to someone in need.
Posted: 04/05/2014 - Tensions are growing on the range in a turf battle that has been simmering for decades over one of the icons of the American West and scant forage on arid, high desert lands from Nevada to Wyoming.
Updated: 04/05/2014 - One man is dead in a shooting detectives believe was self-defense.
Updated: 04/04/2014 - A group of volunteers visited residential motels in downtown Reno Friday to commit what they called random acts of kindness.
Updated: 04/04/2014 - The Washoe County Sheriff's Office reports a man and boy were successfully rescued on Pyramid Lake Friday evening.
Posted: 04/04/2014 - A south Reno neighborhood got a new fire station Friday. Ironically it was built sooner than it might have been because of a political decision many feel was a step backward in local fire protection.


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Book your room at The Franklin Hotel Chapel Hill - Curio Collection by Hilton
3.5-star Victorian hotel near University of North Carolina
Expedia Insiders' Select™ Winner 2014
This hotel is one of the few selected in Chapel Hill to receive this exclusive award based on 1 million guest reviews submitted annually by Expedia travelers.
+VIP Access™ Hotel
We carefully hand-picked this hotel based on its dedication to service and excellent guest reviews.
Expedia +gold members receive free room upgrades and +gold and +silver members get other perks upon availability at check-in.See details
Located in the heart of Chapel Hill, this hotel is within 1 mi (2 km) of DSI Comedy Theater, University of North Carolina, and Kenan Stadium. Ackland Art Museum and The Artscenter are also within 10 minutes.
Hotel Features
Along with a fitness center, this smoke-free hotel has a 24-hour business center and spa services. Free breakfast and free WiFi in public areas are also provided. Additionally, dry cleaning, a 24-hour front desk, and express check-out are onsite.
Room Amenities
All 67 rooms feature thoughtful touches like pillow menus and bathrobes, plus free WiFi, free wired Internet, and LCD TVs with cable channels. Other amenities available to guests include iPod docks, refrigerators, and room service.Information missing or incorrect? Tell us!
Hotel Amenities
Hotel Amenities
High-speed wired and wireless Internet access is complimentary. A 24-hour business center is on site at this 3.5-star property. Event facilities measure 2250 square feet (209 square meters). This Victorian hotel also offers a fitness center, spa services, and complimentary newspapers in the lobby.
The Franklin Hotel Chapel Hill - Curio Collection by Hilton is a smoke-free property.
- 24-hour front desk
- Total number of rooms - 67
- Number of floors - 5
- Free newspapers in lobby
- Dry cleaning/laundry service
- Elevator/lift
- Express check-out
- Fitness facilities
- Free WiFi
- Free wired high-speed Internet
- RV, bus, truck parking
- Porter/bellhop
- Year Built 2004
- 24-hour business center
- Conference space size (meters) - 209
- Smoke-free property
- Number of buildings/towers - 1
- Spa services on site
- Television in lobby
- Wedding services
- Fireplace in lobby
- Number of meeting rooms - 3
- Conference space size (feet) - 2250
Family Friendly Amenities
- Free Wi-Fi
- Refrigerator
Available in all rooms: Free WiFi , Free wired high-speed Internet
Available in some public areas: Free WiFi , Free wired high-speed Internet
RV, bus, truck parking
Room Amenities
- Premium bedding
- Air conditioning
- Free newspaper
- Climate control
- Phone
- Free local calls
- Refrigerator
- Coffee/tea maker
- Free bottled water
- Daily housekeeping
- Turndown service
- Private bathroom
- Bathrobes
- Free toiletries
- Hair dryer
- Shower only
- Iron/ironing board
- In-room safe
- Desk
- Cable TV service
- Free WiFi
- Free wired high-speed Internet
- Blackout drapes/curtains
- iPod docking station
- Room service (limited hours)
- Down comforter
- Egyptian-cotton sheets
- Pillow menu
Where to Eat
Roberts Lounge - Onsite bistro. Guests can enjoy drinks at the bar. Open select days.
Room service (during limited hours) is available.
Nearby Things to Do
The recreational activities listed below are available either on site or nearby; fees may apply.
- Golfing nearby
- Bicycle rentals nearby
- Hiking/biking trails nearby
- Golf lessons available nearby
- Aerobics on site
Spa Services
- Massages
To make requests for specific accessibility needs, complete the "Special or Accessibility Requests" section of "Trip Preferences" when you book your hotel.
- Accessibility equipment for the deaf
- Accessible bathroom
- Accessible path of travel
- Braille or raised signage
- Accessible parking
- In-room accessibility
- Roll-in shower
Hotel Policies
Check-in time starts at 4 PM
Check-out time is 11 AM
Payment types
You need to know
Extra-person charges may apply and vary depending on hotel policy.
Government-issued photo identification and a credit card or cash deposit are required at check-in for incidental charges.
Special requests are subject to availability upon check-in and may incur additional charges. Special requests cannot be guaranteed.
No rollaway/extra beds available
We should mention
Children 18 years old and younger stay free when occupying the parent or guardian's room, using existing bedding. Only registered guests are allowed in the guestrooms.


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Protests Topics
Democracy Now! stories, posts and pages that relate to Protests
- "We're talking about a democratic awakening," said Dr. Cornel West when he spoke with Democracy Now! host Amy Goodman during a visit Tuesday night to the Occupy Wall Street encampment. [includes rush transcript]September 29, 2011 | Web Exclusive
Michael Moore: Man Interviewed by Democracy Now! Inspired My Georgia Boycott over Troy Davis ExecutionFilmmaker Michael Moore describes how he was inspired to boycott Georgia by one of the people Democracy Now! interviewed at the protest outside the prison shortly after news of Troy Davis's execution was announced. [includes rush transcript]September 28, 2011 | Web Exclusive
- Democracy Now! co-host Juan Gonzalez writes in the NY Daily News that the idea that local post offices, the most visible neighborhood presence of our national government for more than 200 years, face financial default on Sept. 30 is truly astounding. Yet, that's exactly what will happen unless the politicians in Washington act quickly.September 28, 2011 | Web Exclusive
- On Sept. 21 at 7 p.m., Troy Anthony Davis was scheduled to die. I was reporting live from outside Georgia's death row in Jackson, awaiting news about whether the Supreme Court would spare his life.September 28, 2011 | Columns & Articles
- Oscar-winning filmmaker, bestselling author, and provocateur laureate Michael Moore joins us for the hour. One of the world's most acclaimed—and notorious—independent filmmakers and rabble-rousers, his documentary films include Roger & Me; Bowling for Columbine, for which he won the Academy Award; Fahrenheit 9/11; SiCKO; and Capitalism: A Love Story. In the first part of our interview, Moore talks about the growing "Occupy Wall...September 28, 2011 | Story
- For more than two decades, Michael Moore has been one of the most politically active, provocative and successful documentary filmmakers in the business. We talk to Moore about his new memoir, "Here Comes Trouble: Stories from My Life," which comprises 20 biographic vignettes that capture how his political and sociological viewpoints developed. He also discusses the numerous attacks and death threats he received after speaking out...September 28, 2011 | Story
Democracy Now! Host Amy Goodman Named "Truthdigger of the Week" for Coverage of Troy Davis ExecutionAmy Goodman has been named "Truthdigger of the Week" for taking the Democracy Now! camera and crew to Georgia for what turned out to be a marathon examination of the emotional events leading up to the execution of Troy Davis.September 26, 2011 | D.N. in the News
- It is day 10 of the "Occupy Wall Street" campaign. On Saturday, more than 80 protesters were arrested as hundreds took part in yet another march to Wall Street. Many of them were committing civil disobedience by walking in the street, but some say they were on the sidewalk when officers with the New York City Police Department used nets and physical force to break up the crowd. Videos uploaded to YouTube show officers pepper-spraying...September 26, 2011 | Story
Democracy Now! 6-Hour Live Broadcast from Troy Davis Execution: Did Georgia Execute an Innocent Man?Troy Anthony Davis, who maintained his innocence until his last breath, was executed by the state of Georgia Wednesday night. As the world watched to see whether his final appeal for a stay of execution would be granted by the U.S. Supreme Court, Democracy Now! broadcast live for six hours from outside the prison grounds where Davis was ultimately killed by lethal injection at 11:08 p.m. EDT. [includes rush transcript]September 22, 2011 | Web Exclusive
- The State of Georgia is preparing to execute Troy Anthony Davis in one of the most high-profile executions in the United States in years. Davis is scheduled to be killed by lethal ejection at 7:00 p.m. EDT, one day after the Georgia Board of Pardons and Paroles rejected clemency. Democracy Now! will air a special broadcast from outside the prison in Jackson, Georgia, from 6:00 p.m. to 8:00 p.m. EDT. Davis was convicted of the 1989 killing of...September 21, 2011 | Story
Show for Mar 27, 2015
Yemen: 39 Civilians Killed in Saudi-Led Bombings
U.S. Airstrikes Cause Shiite Militias to Leave Tikrit Fight
Report: Co-Pilot Who Crashed Plane Had History of Depression
House Passes Medicare Bill in Rare Bipartisan Move
Report: U.S. Soldiers, Contractors Sexually Abused 54 Children in Colombia
Mexico: Parents Mark 6 Months Since Disappearance of 43 Students
Indiana Enacts "Religious Freedom" Bill Seen as Anti-LGBT
Indiana Allows Needle Exchange in Response to HIV Outbreak
Kentucky Overhauls Approach to Heroin Addiction
Ohio Lawmaker Discloses Her Abortion, Denounces "Inhuman" Anti-Choice Bill
Video: Monsanto Lobbyist Claims Glyphosate Safe to Drink, Refuses to Drink It
Illinois: National Guardsman, Cousin Arrested on Terror Charges
Wisconsin: Man Suspected of Killing State Trooper Tied to White Supremacy
Michigan: Video Shows "Robocop" Beating Unarmed Auto Worker in the Head
Ferguson Protesters Win Curbs on Police Tear Gas Use