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Fatty Acids
Fatty acids are broken down during digestion, and then absorbed into the blood. According to the American Heart Association (AHA), Omega-3 Fatty acids decrease the risk of abnormal heartbeats, slow growth of plaque, and work to lower blood pressure.
Examples of Omega-3 fatty acids:
Fish (salmon, mackerel, mackerel, herring, whitefish) flaxseed oil, basil, broccoli, walnuts, spinach, grape leaves.
AHA spokeswoman Alice H. Lichtenstein, DSc, states "studies have shown that foods that have a lot of fiber are clearly associated with lower risk of heart disease." The Institute of Medicine Dietary Reference Intakes recommends 21 grams of fiber per day for women 50 and older, and 30 for men 50 and older.
Examples of fiber:
Fruits (apples, bananas, oranges, strawberries, raspberries), oatmeal, whole grain rice, lentils, chickpeas, almonds, avocados, peanuts, couscous
Trans-fat (Steer Clear!)
Unlike fatty acids, trans fat can be very harmful to your heart because of their tendency to raise bad cholesterol. The AHA recommends that trans fats make up less than 1 percent of your daily calories. Avoid foods labeled "hydrogenated oil" or "partially hydrogenated oil."
Examples of trans-fat:
Packages snacks, baked goods, stick margarine, milk, cheese, high-fat animal products (beef, pork, lamb)
Live a long and healthy life by eating right. Visit us today for the best long term care insurance.
Are your gums hurting
your heart?
Did you know that your oral health and overall health could
be connected? The
American Heart Association has studied the
relationship between gum disease and heart disease. While there's no
conclusive evidence of a correlation, experts agree that the mouth can offer
warning signs of something serious. People with gum disease often have health
issues that not only put their mouth at risk, but their heart and blood
vessels, too.
According to the Mayo
Clinic, our mouths are full of bacteria — most of them harmless. Daily
brushing and flossing keep these bacteria under control. However, without
proper oral hygiene, bacteria can reach levels that might aggravate certain
Endocarditis (an infection of the heart's inner lining)
typically occurs when bacteria or germs from another part of the body (like the
mouth) spread through the bloodstream and attach to damaged areas of the heart.
Some research also suggests that inflammation and infections caused by oral
bacteria may be linked to heart disease, clogged arteries, and stroke.
What are best practices for oral hygiene? The American
Dental Association recommends the following:
Brush your teeth twice a day with a fluoride
Clean between your teeth once a day with floss
or another interdental cleaner (like picks or pre-threaded flossers)
Replace your toothbrush every three to four
Eat a balanced diet and limit snacks
Schedule regular dental check-ups – at least
once or twice a year
So, it's wise to keep up your oral care routine to maintain
optimal health. Your heart may thank you for it!
Take care of your teeth and they will take care of you. Give us a call to compare medicare supplement plans.
forLive Longer, Live Better
While sky-diving or swimming the
English Channel may be on your bucket list, a less-exciting (but equally
important) dream for most people is longevity- living a long, healthy life. As
far as we can tell, there is no viable Fountain of Youth, but it turns out there's
another way to improve your chances of living longer.
Don't worry, be happy. And have a
A study performed by researchers at
University College London analyzed the well-being and life outlook of participants over age 65,
and how it related to their mortality. The study found during the 8 and a half
year follow up period, those who felt the most fulfilled were 30 percent less
likely to die than their less fulfilled counterparts. Well-being was determined
from a questionnaire that measured the participants' sense of control, purpose,
and sense of worth. The moral of the story is that a sense of purpose leads to
But the real
question is- what brings someone purpose? The answer varies from person to
person. Purpose can come from a relationship, child, hobby, spiritual
affiliation, or career.
It's never
too late to find- or change- your life's purpose. If you are struggling with
knowing your life's purpose, try answering these questions in a journal.
What makes you come alive?
Take some time to consider what makes you forget to look at the clock.
Whether these activities are careers or hobbies, invest in the things that make
you happiest.
What did you want to be when you grew
Your strengths have been part of your identity your entire life. Look
through some old photo albums or journals to find your favorite activities as a
child. This can serve as a guide to your innate strengths, and help you develop
them moving forward.
What would you do if you knew you
could not fail?
Fear can be a great motivator. Instead of imagining the scenarios in
which you could be unsuccessful or embarrassed, imagine a life where failure
does not exist. This will not only improve your outlook on life, but help you
discover some secret passions that can lead to a more purposeful life.
What is stopping you?
What are the barriers in your life? Who is telling you "no"? Are you
telling yourself no? Think about the things you bring into your life that stop
you from reaching a goal, and plan ways to remove them.
What breaks your heart?
By asking yourself this question, you will find what matters to you. Try
writing out all the different issues that you find meaningful, and then a come
up with a solution. If homelessness tugs at your heart strings, start volunteering
at a homeless shelter. If you want to improve education, seek opportunities to
read to or tutor children.
The important thing to remember about your purpose is that it
is developed through passion and daily action. Your purpose may change and evolve,
but discovering new ways to be fulfilled is part of the journey to a healthier
(and longer!) life.
Keep your passion for life and life will reward you. Call us today for medicare supplement insurance.
It's easy, cheap, and pretty darn tasty! Experts say that starting off each day with a glass of warm lemon water can lead to a host of benefits, both short and long term. So pucker up, because here are some of the top reasons why lemon water is just great.
Boost your Immune System
Vitamin C isn't just for oranges- there's a lot in lemons, and according to The World's Healthiest Foods, consuming the vitamin daily can help keep infections at bay. This is especially crucial during the winter months when nasty colds and the flu lurk around every corner.
Brain training
Keeping the mind sharp is a crucial part of aging. The potassium in lemons is known to help with both brain and nerve function. So, pour a tall glass of lemon water and whip out the Sudoku.
According to WebMD, staying hydrated can help with constipation, weight loss, and avoiding kidney stones. For those who get bored with the taste of plain water, adding lemon can give your H20 the little kick you need to chug on.
Glowing skin
Experts believe that vitamin C can help maintain a youthful glow, as it helps with iron absorption and delays signs of aging due to free radical damage, says Women's Health Magazine.
Liver support
Love on your liver with lemons- liversupport.com notes the detoxifying powers of Vitamin C through its manufacturing of glutathione, which is used to neutralize toxins in the liver.
Not too hot, not too cold
Make sure to keep your lemon water lukewarm, as cold lemon water can hinder some of the lemons' digestive powers, and boiling lemon water can erode at your teeth's enamel.
Drink on!
Contact us today find our what your long term care insurance cost could be and how best to prepare.
The string of holidays that occur in winter are usually associated with joy: hall-decking, gift-giving, family-gathering, and lots of food. However, the cold weather and lack of sunshine can have serious effects on a persons' mood, potentially leading to a condition called Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD). For most affected, SAD occurs in the winter months and can lead to lethargy, depression, and general moodiness. According to Mental Health America, some two million seniors suffer from some form of depression. Therefore, it is especially important for seniors to know the signs of SAD so that with the help of their physician, they can identify and treat symptoms.
What makes people SAD?
Sunlight provides benefits that can have a direct effect on mood. According to WebMD, the lack of sun can upset your biological clock, leading to variations in sleep schedules- a common symptom of depression. Additionally, serotonin (a brain chemical that affects mood) levels may be disrupted.
According to the Mayo Clinic's description of SAD, symptoms may include the following:
How to tackle the blues
Agingcare.com notes several different treatments for SAD. Traditional antidepressant medications prescribed by a doctor may help regulate some symptoms, especially if a routine is established before symptoms occur each year.
Light therapy is also widely used to combat symptoms. The treatment involves using a "light box"- a fluorescent light that mimics natural sunlight. Sitting in front of the light box each day can help decrease the amount of melatonin (a hormone that causes drowsiness) and regulate serotonin and epinephrine.
If you think you may be suffering from Seasonal Affective Disorder, do not hesitate to schedule an appointment with your primary care physician today. With the proper combination of medication and therapy, your winter months can start looking a little happier- and brighter.
Call Bankers Fidelity Life Insurance Company today for the best affordable term life insurance.
What can seniors do? AARP has a Fraud Watch Network, allowing consumers who want to report a scam an outlet to do so. There are also several tips for how to avoid being victimized.
Find your life insurance policy today.
When a parent, spouse, or family member becomes sick, many lovingly and willingly step up and assume the role of caregiver. We want to provide for our loved ones; however, caregiving is an all-consuming, physical, mental and emotional commitment. The enormous strain can cause caregivers to become stressed, depressed, or burnt out.
According to a recent survey conducted by PNC Financial Services group, approximately 60 percent of soon-to-be-retirees are concerned about becoming a caregiver for an aging parent or family member.
The survey also found that roughly 30 percent of respondents said that they expect to stay in the workforce for longer than they had previously planned so they can afford their loved ones' health costs.
There's also the added strain on time and scheduling that comes with being a caregiver. For example, when not at work, nearly all of caregivers' time may be devoted to ensuring the comfort and well-being of those they're providing for. While it's possible to be this accommodating in the short-term, over time, failure to look after yourself can take its toll on your own health and well-being.
A key aspect of caregiving is balance. It requires giving a parent or loved one the time and attention they need, but also taking time out for yourself.
If you're in this situation, the following tips may help you reach this balance.
1. Give yourself a break. Caregiving is an all-consuming task that requires the energy and time to dress, feed and bathe another human being every single day. Even if it seems there's rarely enough time in the day already, it's crucial that you carve out time for you. This means doing more than just resting for lunch or a snack - it means truly getting away for a while. Alone time is key to maintaining a healthy balance. Whenever possible, try to get out of the house and do something on your own, whether for pure entertainment purposes - like going to a movie - or to satisfy a hobby, such as gardening, reading or writing.
2. Talk it out. While the loved one you're caring for may feel like the only person in your life, it's important to maintain other meaningful relationships. Caregiving.com recommended never letting a day go by without talking to a friend, relative or spouse. Even a quick chat can help keep you connected and remind you that you're not alone.
3. Establish a routine. By nature, people tend to be creatures of habit, and there's good reason for that: healthy habits not only provide stability but also comfort. One of the best places to start forming healthy habits is around your sleep schedule. Set a plan for when you'll get into bed and stick to it, and when your alarm goes off in the morning, don't hit the snooze button. With a little discipline, you can get into a regular routine that will help you cope with any struggles that may arise throughout the day.
Call Bankers Fidelity today for a long term care insurance quote.
Typically, Medicare Supplement plans are more expensive than Medicare Advantage, but also offer significant additional coverage. The Medicare Supplement plan can potentially save you thousands if serious illness or injury occurs. As CBS News states, "You might be able to realize substantial savings in premiums with a Medicare Advantage plan, but you also need to be aware of the tradeoffs with such a plan."
In a recent interview with Bankers Fidelity's Medicare Strategy Specialist, Christian Novacek urged seniors to ask the following questions when comparing plans:
Novacek goes on to state: "[With Medicare Advantage] you initially save on premiums, but the tradeoff is having a high deductible maximum of $3500- 6,700 annually per person depending on your provider.
If you would like to minimize your risk, and prefer to err on the side of caution when it comes to your health, finances and the longevity of your retirement plan, then a Medigap plan is the way to go. "
Undoubtedly, the choice between Medicare Supplement and Medicare Advantage will vary from person to person. Just keep in mind that you can't purchase both; it has to be one or the other, as insurers are forbidden from selling Medigap to someone who has Medicare Advantage. Your insurance representative can help provide you with additional tips to make the best decision.
Not affiliated with or endorsed by the United States government or the Federal Medicare program. This is a solicitation of insurance and an independent agent/producer may contact you. Medicare Supplement policy form series B 21092 underwritten by Bankers Fidelity Life Insurance Company, Atlanta, GA; Medicare Supplement policy form series B 21492 underwritten by Bankers Fidelity Assurance Company, Atlanta, GA. Limitations and exclusions apply; actual policy provisions control. Rates subject to change on a class basis. Individually underwritten; application to determine eligibility required. Products not sold in AK, CA, CT, FL, MA, ME, MN, NH, NJ, NY, OR, RI, VT, WA or WI. Plan availability varies by state.
Call us today to find medical supplement insurance.
"An apple a day keeps the doctor away" might be true, but we're still going to suggest at least one physical per year. Annual visits let your physician know how you're doing and also where you stand in comparison to people of a similar age.
You've got a busy schedule, and with an average 18 day wait time for family practice physicians, you want to make sure you get your doctor's visit right on the first try. There's nothing worse than walking out of the doctor's office and suddenly remembering the foot pain you've been having for weeks- the foot pain you forgot to mention to your doctor.
The following tips will help you avoid post-visit regrets, and make sure you're getting the most out of your visit.
Being your own healthcare advocate requires a little effort and some time, but the feeling of walking away from your doctor's appointment feeling secure, valued, and confident is worth it.
Find supplemental health insurance plans for you and your family today.
It's a day I will never forget. Although it was 24 years ago, it's as clear as what happened this morning. My husband, who was working from home that day, was the one who got the call from my doctor. He immediately called me at work: his voice trembled as he told me the news. I had breast cancer. This was unfathomable to me. I was a registered nurse after all…surely I would've had some sort of inkling, some tell-tale sign. But I had no symptoms, no pain, no discomfort, nothing.
I was 56 years old at the time, and had put off a mammogram that my doctor had recommended the year prior. It was just a routine check, and well, life is busy, right? So I waited. Finally, on my doctor's strong urging, I gave in. The mammogram showed a small tumor on the left breast. A general surgeon preformed a biopsy on January 19, 1990 and found it to be cancerous. The next days and weeks were a whirlwind of emotion — a lot of fear, anxiety and uncertainty, mixed with a flood of support, care and love from my friends, family and co-workers.
I had a big decision to make. Of the four options the oncologist offered me, I chose the left mastectomy. The hospital stay lasted three days, followed by in-home physical therapy.I was fortunate to have an excellent team surrounding me, which allowed me to return to nursing six weeks later. As an ongoing treatment, I was put onTamoxifen twice a day, a medication I took faithfully for eight years.
Two years after my initial diagnosis, my husband and I moved to another city.
A few years passed with no sign of cancer. Then, in 1998, I developed incontinence pain. I was referred to an urologist and again received the news no one ever wants to hear. I had cancer. Again! This time it was uterine cancer. I had a hysterectomy on January 18, 1999, and had preventative radiation of the cervix. I received twenty-eight doses.
It seemed like I was destined to be a victim of cancer, in whatever form it decided to take. But my story has a happy ending. I have been cancer free since 1999. And while I'm not immune to the typical ailments that come with aging, I am proud to tell you that at the wise age of 81, I still travel, take care of my own home, work in the yard and live life to the fullest.
Cancer isn't something I would've ever asked for, but it has definitely given me a deep appreciation for life. Through the power of faith, family and friends, I know I can overcome any adversity – whatever life wants to bring my way, I'm ready to take it on.
Compare medicare supplement plans with Bankers Fidelity today.


text: I booked this hotel as a valentines surprise surprise for my wife. I chose it as I had booked a meal at the Eiffel tower in the evening and wanted something close to the tower. The hotel is ideally situated, within just a few yards from the Trocadero metro station and about a 10 minute walk from the tower itself.... More

subset: commoncrawl


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unhappy desert rose
My desert rose seems to be suffering terribly and I can't figure out what is wrong. The leaves are all limp, brown and mushy but the branches and above soil line roots look okay.
This is my first winter with a desert rose, is this just what they do in the winter? Too much water? Not enough water? Too cold? I have it in my shed with all of my other container plants. I installed two windows in the shed, Christmas lights are providing minimal warmth and I have a fan moving the air around. About once a week on nice days, I open it up and rotate the plants so everybody gets a turn closest to the windows, so far everybody else seems fine with this arrangement. Any suggestions for my poor rose? Would it be happier in the warm house?
I have been in a lrearning experience for 3 years and this is what I have found out:
They hate COLD temps and HATE to be watered at all at this time. Unless they are in a full sunny very warm to hot window or under lights and actively growing with leaves, you should not water at all.
Some I know do not water them at all all winter while they go into dormant stage. Only when leaves start to emerge, they start watering in warm sun.
Let's make this as easy as possible.
They usuually rot if you introduce any water to them in the conditions you described.


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In just a few short years, relatively simple technology that enables people to find like-minded individuals with similar tastes in artwork, has eclipsed and then surpassed a 50 year old institution of government. Hopefully, governments will learn the lessons of other industries and choose to embrace this technological advancement for what it is -- the democratization of art
Jim Flaherty stared at me with tears streaming down his face. It was five years ago and I had been asked to speak at the Museum of Civilization in Ottawa to support a group that helped with African adoptions. Then when I looked up, Jim Flaherty was facing me with a tear-stained face. I was in shock. We often faced one another across the aisle and it was easy to see when he was mirthful or angry. But my favourite image of him will be of a dignified man, fully encompassed in emotion, who was yet capable of embracing another father -- a Liberal father, even -- and touching that human nerve in me that is the basis of all our compassion.
Expenditures on public health care in Canada appear to be slowing, raising the possibility that the health care cost curve is finally being bent and the system transformed. What does this mean? The economy will eventually recover and relax provincial health expenditure constraints, but federal health transfer growth will be reduced starting in 2017.
The elimination of the Health Council only further underlines this movement away from national planning for better outcomes. That the Council's disappearance is part and parcel of a larger strategy of the elimination of the dissenting and unbiased voice -- something that is so needed in a democracy -- is downright disturbing.
We must face the reality of people like Kenroy and Denville who are punished as a result of laws that do not recognize the situation on the ground. We must address the unfair conditions under which we bring people over for this program, and provide them the services they are due. Canada set out to have a universal healthcare system that covers everybody, and it's about time that we did just that.
The last days of the provincial electoral campaign have made me feel people's disillusionment and frustration at the lack of inspiring options even more profoundly. During the debates Marois, Couillard, and Legault behaved like they were in a cage fight, barking insults at one another. It took all the self-restraint that I had not to switch channels. But, contrary to everything around me, I'm hopeful. I'm convinced that I'm witnessing a new breed of Quebecer emerge. One that isn't so easily defined... and therefore not as easy to manipulate and pigeonhole. Nothing will ever be as black or white as it once was, because the world we now live in is a million shades of grey.
1,000,000 people in Quebec don't file their taxes every year. If each of those people owe taxes of... I don't know... let's say $624 each (an extremely low estimate given that the average amount of taxes paid by a Quebecer is around $10,000), then I'd say an investment of $600k in "FILE YOUR TAXES" billboards, print and TV ads might have helped us to avoid this huge debt hole.
The campaign to save the spirit bear is a full-fledged movement, owned not by the Youth Coalition, but by millions around the world. And having done all we can to take the issue this far, it is up to all of us, as individuals, to take on the responsibility of continuing to make sure that the spirit bear isn't just safe, but will forever be wild and free.
Youth leaders ask tough questions: what studies of the RCMP's "Bias-Free Policing policy" have been, or are being undertaken, to ensure that no bias does exist? Do mothers feel their children's deaths were considered less important because of their background, and do they believe the investigations into their children's deaths were treated the same as other victims?
Canada has made tentative steps in acknowledging racism in our past, like aboriginal residential schools and the Chinese head tax. But there is a tendency to view these as isolated events of history. With our national rhetoric of a tolerant and multicultural society, many Canadians bristle at the suggestion that racial discrimination was and is a force in Canada.
Could you envision Toronto City Council changing the name of Yonge Street to 1 Street? Well, this is what the TTC is doing to our subway lines. Subway lines are underground routes for trains carrying people just like streets are routes for cars or bikes or buses carrying people. Main route names are rarely if ever changed because of their history and because it would cause major confusion.
Paikin offers up another reason women guests are so hard to come by, and this one will floor you. He says "we've also discovered there also seems to be something in women's DNA that makes them harder to book." I think the last time I read something along those lines was in my undergraduate women's studies critical theory course, but it was something written in the 1800's. According to Paikin: "No man will say, "Sorry, can't do your show tonight, my roots are showing." I'm sure these words will find their way in a women's studies course someday too, to be picked apart by clever students who won't believe for a second it was written in 2014.
Is your vote for sale? The Ontario NDP thinks so with its absurd policy to give every household a $100 hydro refund. Will the NDP pay for this with the same magic money and fairy dust they propose to fund transit? How much do you want for your vote? The whiff of an election in the air can bring out the silliness in politicians.
The Quebec election campaign became a bit more interesting this week with Pierre Karl Péladeau's decision to run for the Parti Québécois. Péladeau brings a unique and coveted background to the PQ, having for decades dined on the earnings of tabloid agitprop and rabble-rousing emotionalism. Just as Marois shrugs off recent and bad economic news, Péladeau thrusts his fist into the air and chants inspirational slogans. And somehow, in combination, these are intended to add up to the sum of economic credibility. His business acumen and his knack for rube exploitation are simply the latest assets to be nationalized by a now desperate campaign.
On February 7, the government announced it would give almost $2 billion in new funding for aboriginal education. But it will take years to build all the new schools required, let alone create new community-run school systems. The real impact on aboriginal communities will take at least a generation to manifest. When next year's federal election rolls around, this agreement will provide few tangible, here-and-now marshmallows for Prime Minister Stephen Harper to offer voters.
With Quebec now facing an election where it looks increasingly likely that the separatist party will not only win a second term, but a majority government to boot, Anglo and Franco relations are being strained like never before. Separatism is poised to make its third great comeback. The question is whether any Canadians will be willing to carry the flag this time.


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Moody Gardens Family Four Pack<JAMZ MVP
Enter now and you could win a family four-pack of tickets to Galveston's Moody Gardens! Get into the Aquarium Pyramid, the Rainforest Pyramid, the Ridefilm Theater and the Bodies Revealed Exhibit! We'll draw four winners! Get your entries in before April 6. Enter as manytimes as you like, and good luck!
Tickets must be used before May 27, 2012.


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Earn 500 Points for Expedia Air purchases. Earn 6 Points per dollar on the following travel services: Hotel, Car, Packages, Activities and Cruise. Event tickets, Taxes, Fees and Insurance are not eligible for Points. It may take up to 60 days after your travel is completed for the Points to post to your account. Expedia Rewards points are different from Points earned in the MyPoints program and may not be redeemed for MyPoints rewards.
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Portland House
No Booking Fee - Instant Confirmation
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Rooms & Online Bookings
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Contact Details
Portland House
Hereford and Worcester
Tel: 01600 890757
Website: largehouseholidayvenue.co.uk
Self Catering Holiday Home - accommodates 20 people plus babies. Previously a very popular Guest House. Just prepare to party or relax at this Georgian grade 11 listed property. Portland House is Ideally situated and uniquely placed in the Wye Valley on the borders of Monmouthshire, Herefordshire and Gloucestershire, proudly standing at the centre of in a village setting, surrounded by wonderful scenery and history, in an area of outstanding natural beauty; and adjacent to the famous Symonds Yat Rock and Gorge on the outskirts of the Forest of Dean...
Check In & Check Out Times
Check In: 4.00pm - 8.00pm
Check Out: 10.00am
Our Facilities
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- Country Retreat


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I was wondering if there was a way to install a front facing camera on the inspire 4g
Sent from my magic piece of metal using even more magic
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I like shooting people Published July 14, 2010
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Seacoast Chapel is a modern, casual, and loving church that is committed to helping people find hope in God, develop their faith in Christ, and love others in our community and throughout the world. We do this by conducting energizing, insightful weekend services and by connecting people to one another in community groups and volunteer teams.
Worship Service
Sunday Morning Prayer @ 10:15 am
Sunday Worship Service @ 10:45 am
Nursery and Kid's Church provided
Nursery and Kid's Church provided


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Experimental evidence of massive-scale emotional contagion through social networks Adam D. I. Kramera,1, Jamie E. Guilloryb, and Jeffrey T. Hancockc,d a Core Data Science Team, Facebook, Inc., Menlo Park, CA 94025; bCenter for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143; and Departments of cCommunication and dInformation Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 Edited by Susan T. Fiske, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, and approved March 25, 2014 (received for review October 23, 2013) Emotional states can be transferred to others via emotional demonstrated that (i) emotional contagion occurs via text-based contagion, leading people to experience the same emotions computer-mediated communication (7); (ii) contagion of psy- without their awareness. Emotional contagion is well established chological and physiological qualities has been suggested based in laboratory experiments, with people transferring positive and on correlational data for social networks generally (7, 8); and negative emotions to others. Data from a large real-world social (iii) people's emotional expressions on Facebook predict friends' network, collected over a 20-y period suggests that longer-lasting emotional expressions, even days later (7) (although some shared moods (e.g., depression, happiness) can be transferred through experiences may in fact last several days). To date, however, there networks [Fowler JH, Christakis NA (2008) BMJ 337:a2338], al- is no experimental evidence that emotions or moods are contagious though the results are controversial. In an experiment with people in the absence of direct interaction between experiencer and target. who use Facebook, we test whether emotional contagion occurs On Facebook, people frequently express emotions, which are outside of in-person interaction between individuals by reducing later seen by their friends via Facebook's "News Feed" product PSYCHOLOGICAL AND the amount of emotional content in the News Feed. When positive (8). Because people's friends frequently produce much more COGNITIVE SCIENCES expressions were reduced, people produced fewer positive posts content than one person can view, the News Feed filters posts, and more negative posts; when negative expressions were re- stories, and activities undertaken by friends. News Feed is the duced, the opposite pattern occurred. These results indicate that primary manner by which people see content that friends share. emotions expressed by others on Facebook influence our own Which content is shown or omitted in the News Feed is de- emotions, constituting experimental evidence for massive-scale termined via a ranking algorithm that Facebook continually contagion via social networks. This work also suggests that, in develops and tests in the interest of showing viewers the content contrast to prevailing assumptions, in-person interaction and non- they will find most relevant and engaging. One such test is verbal cues are not strictly necessary for emotional contagion, and reported in this study: A test of whether posts with emotional that the observation of others' positive experiences constitutes content are more engaging. a positive experience for people. The experiment manipulated the extent to which people (N = 689,003) were exposed to emotional expressions in their News computer-mediated communication | social media | big data Feed. This tested whether exposure to emotions led people to change their own posting behaviors, in particular whether ex- E motional states can be transferred to others via emotional contagion, leading them to experience the same emotions as those around them. Emotional contagion is well established in posure to emotional content led people to post content that was consistent with the exposure—thereby testing whether exposure to verbal affective expressions leads to similar verbal expressions, laboratory experiments (1), in which people transfer positive and a form of emotional contagion. People who viewed Facebook in negative moods and emotions to others. Similarly, data from English were qualified for selection into the experiment. Two a large, real-world social network collected over a 20-y period parallel experiments were conducted for positive and negative suggests that longer-lasting moods (e.g., depression, happiness) emotion: One in which exposure to friends' positive emotional can be transferred through networks as well (2, 3). content in their News Feed was reduced, and one in which ex- The interpretation of this network effect as contagion of mood posure to negative emotional content in their News Feed was has come under scrutiny due to the study's correlational nature, reduced. In these conditions, when a person loaded their News including concerns over misspecification of contextual variables Feed, posts that contained emotional content of the relevant or failure to account for shared experiences (4, 5), raising im- emotional valence, each emotional post had between a 10% and portant questions regarding contagion processes in networks. An 90% chance (based on their User ID) of being omitted from experimental approach can address this scrutiny directly; how- their News Feed for that specific viewing. It is important to note ever, methods used in controlled experiments have been criti- cized for examining emotions after social interactions. Interacting Significance with a happy person is pleasant (and an unhappy person, un- pleasant). As such, contagion may result from experiencing an We show, via a massive (N = 689,003) experiment on Facebook, interaction rather than exposure to a partner's emotion. Prior that emotional states can be transferred to others via emotional studies have also failed to address whether nonverbal cues are contagion, leading people to experience the same emotions necessary for contagion to occur, or if verbal cues alone suffice. without their awareness. We provide experimental evidence Evidence that positive and negative moods are correlated in that emotional contagion occurs without direct interaction be- networks (2, 3) suggests that this is possible, but the causal tween people (exposure to a friend expressing an emotion is question of whether contagion processes occur for emotions in sufficient), and in the complete absence of nonverbal cues. massive social networks remains elusive in the absence of ex- perimental evidence. Further, others have suggested that in Author contributions: A.D.I.K., J.E.G., and J.T.H. designed research; A.D.I.K. performed research; A.D.I.K. analyzed data; and A.D.I.K., J.E.G., and J.T.H. wrote the paper. online social networks, exposure to the happiness of others may actually be depressing to us, producing an "alone together" The authors declare no conflict of interest. social comparison effect (6). This article is a PNAS Direct Submission. Three studies have laid the groundwork for testing these pro- Freely available online through the PNAS open access option. cesses via Facebook, the largest online social network. This research 1 To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: email@example.com. www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.1320040111 PNAS Early Edition | 1 of 3 that this content was always available by viewing a friend's con- As such, direct examination of the frequency of positive and tent directly by going to that friend's "wall" or "timeline," rather negative words would be inappropriate: It would be confounded than via the News Feed. Further, the omitted content may have with the change in overall words produced. To test our hypothesis appeared on prior or subsequent views of the News Feed. Fi- regarding emotional contagion, we conducted weighted linear nally, the experiment did not affect any direct messages sent regressions, predicting the percentage of words that were positive from one user to another. or negative from a dummy code for condition (experimental ver- Posts were determined to be positive or negative if they con- sus control), weighted by the likelihood of that person having an tained at least one positive or negative word, as defined by emotional post omitted from their News Feed on a given viewing, Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count software (LIWC2007) (9) such that people who had more content omitted were given higher word counting system, which correlates with self-reported and weight in the regression. When positive posts were reduced in physiological measures of well-being, and has been used in prior the News Feed, the percentage of positive words in people's research on emotional expression (7, 8, 10). LIWC was adapted status updates decreased by B = −0.1% compared with control to run on the Hadoop Map/Reduce system (11) and in the News [t(310,044) = −5.63, P < 0.001, Cohen's d = 0.02], whereas the Feed filtering system, such that no text was seen by the percentage of words that were negative increased by B = 0.04% researchers. As such, it was consistent with Facebook's Data Use (t = 2.71, P = 0.007, d = 0.001). Conversely, when negative posts Policy, to which all users agree prior to creating an account on were reduced, the percent of words that were negative decreased Facebook, constituting informed consent for this research. Both by B = −0.07% [t(310,541) = −5.51, P < 0.001, d = 0.02] and the experiments had a control condition, in which a similar pro- percentage of words that were positive, conversely, increased by portion of posts in their News Feed were omitted entirely at B = 0.06% (t = 2.19, P < 0.003, d = 0.008). random (i.e., without respect to emotional content). Separate The results show emotional contagion. As Fig. 1 illustrates, for control conditions were necessary as 22.4% of posts contained people who had positive content reduced in their News Feed, negative words, whereas 46.8% of posts contained positive a larger percentage of words in people's status updates were words. So for a person for whom 10% of posts containing posi- negative and a smaller percentage were positive. When negativity tive content were omitted, an appropriate control would with- was reduced, the opposite pattern occurred. These results sug- hold 10% of 46.8% (i.e., 4.68%) of posts at random, compared gest that the emotions expressed by friends, via online social with omitting only 2.24% of the News Feed in the negativity- networks, influence our own moods, constituting, to our knowl- reduced control. edge, the first experimental evidence for massive-scale emotional The experiments took place for 1 wk (January 11–18, 2012). contagion via social networks (3, 7, 8), and providing support for Participants were randomly selected based on their User ID, previously contested claims that emotions spread via contagion resulting in a total of ∼155,000 participants per condition who through a network. These results highlight several features of emotional conta- posted at least one status update during the experimental period. gion. First, because News Feed content is not "directed" toward For each experiment, two dependent variables were examined anyone, contagion could not be just the result of some specific pertaining to emotionality expressed in people's own status interaction with a happy or sad partner. Although prior research updates: the percentage of all words produced by a given person examined whether an emotion can be contracted via a direct that was either positive or negative during the experimental interaction (1, 7), we show that simply failing to "overhear" period (as in ref. 7). In total, over 3 million posts were analyzed, a friend's emotional expression via Facebook is enough to buffer containing over 122 million words, 4 million of which were one from its effects. Second, although nonverbal behavior is well positive (3.6%) and 1.8 million negative (1.6%). established as one medium for contagion, these data suggest that If affective states are contagious via verbal expressions on Facebook (our operationalization of emotional contagion), peo- ple in the positivity-reduced condition should be less positive 5.4 compared with their control, and people in the negativity- Control reduced condition should be less negative. As a secondary mea- Experimental sure, we tested for cross-emotional contagion in which the Positive Words (per cent) 5.3 opposite emotion should be inversely affected: People in the positivity-reduced condition should express increased negativity, whereas people in the negativity-reduced condition should ex- 5.2 press increased positivity. Emotional expression was modeled, on a per-person basis, as the percentage of words produced by that person during the experimental period that were either positive 5.1 or negative. Positivity and negativity were evaluated separately given evidence that they are not simply opposite ends of the same spectrum (8, 10). Indeed, negative and positive word use −1.50 5.0 scarcely correlated [r = −0.04, t(620,587) = −38.01, P < 0.001]. Negativity Reduced Positivity Reduced We examined these data by comparing each emotion condition Negative Words (per cent) to its control. After establishing that our experimental groups did not differ in emotional expression during the week before the −1.60 experiment (all t < 1.5; all P > 0.13), we examined overall posting rate via a Poisson regression, using the percent of posts omitted as a regression weight. Omitting emotional content reduced the −1.70 amount of words the person subsequently produced, both when positivity was reduced (z = −4.78, P < 0.001) and when negativity was reduced (z = −7.219, P < 0.001). This effect occurred both −1.80 when negative words were omitted (99.7% as many words were produced) and when positive words were omitted (96.7%). An interaction was also observed, showing that the effect was stronger Fig. 1. Mean number of positive (Upper) and negative (Lower) emotion words when positive words were omitted (z = −77.9, P < 0.001). (percent) generated people, by condition. Bars represent standard errors. 2 of 3 | www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.1320040111 Kramer et al. contagion does not require nonverbal behavior (7, 8): Textual (6, 13). In fact, this is the result when people are exposed to less content alone appears to be a sufficient channel. This is not positive content, rather than more. This effect also showed no a simple case of mimicry, either; the cross-emotional encourage- negativity bias in post hoc tests (z = −0.09, P = 0.93). ment effect (e.g., reducing negative posts led to an increase in Although these data provide, to our knowledge, some of the positive posts) cannot be explained by mimicry alone, although first experimental evidence to support the controversial claims mimicry may well have been part of the emotion-consistent effect. that emotions can spread throughout a network, the effect sizes Further, we note the similarity of effect sizes when positivity and from the manipulations are small (as small as d = 0.001). These negativity were reduced. This absence of negativity bias suggests effects nonetheless matter given that the manipulation of the that our results cannot be attributed solely to the content of the independent variable (presence of emotion in the News Feed) post: If a person is sharing good news or bad news (thus explaining was minimal whereas the dependent variable (people's emo- his/her emotional state), friends' response to the news (in- tional expressions) is difficult to influence given the range of dependent of the sharer's emotional state) should be stronger daily experiences that influence mood (10). More importantly, when bad news is shown rather than good (or as commonly noted, given the massive scale of social networks such as Facebook, "if it bleeds, it leads;" ref. 12) if the results were being driven by even small effects can have large aggregated consequences (14, reactions to news. In contrast, a response to a friend's emotion expression (rather than news) should be proportional to exposure. 15): For example, the well-documented connection between A post hoc test comparing effect sizes (comparing correlation emotions and physical well-being suggests the importance of coefficients using Fisher's method) showed no difference de- these findings for public health. Online messages influence our spite our large sample size (z = −0.36, P = 0.72). experience of emotions, which may affect a variety of offline We also observed a withdrawal effect: People who were ex- behaviors. And after all, an effect size of d = 0.001 at Facebook's posed to fewer emotional posts (of either valence) in their News scale is not negligible: In early 2013, this would have corre- Feed were less expressive overall on the following days, ad- sponded to hundreds of thousands of emotion expressions in dressing the question about how emotional expression affects status updates per day. PSYCHOLOGICAL AND COGNITIVE SCIENCES social engagement online. This observation, and the fact that people were more emotionally positive in response to positive ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. We thank the Facebook News Feed team, especially Daniel Schafer, for encouragement and support; the Facebook Core Data emotion updates from their friends, stands in contrast to theories Science team, especially Cameron Marlow, Moira Burke, and Eytan Bakshy; that suggest viewing positive posts by friends on Facebook may plus Michael Macy and Mathew Aldridge for their feedback. Data processing somehow affect us negatively, for example, via social comparison systems, per-user aggregates, and anonymized results available upon request. 1. Hatfield E, Cacioppo JT, Rapson RL (1993) Emotional contagion. Curr Dir Psychol Sci 8. Kramer ADI (2012) The spread of emotion via Facebook. Proc CHI (Association for 2(3):96–100. Computing Machinery, New York), pp 767–770. 2. Fowler JH, Christakis NA (2008) Dynamic spread of happiness in a large social network: 9. Pennebaker JW, Chung CK, Ireland M, Gonzales A, Booth RJ (2007) The development Longitudinal analysis over 20 years in the Framingham Heart Study. BMJ 337:a2338. and psychological properties of LIWC2007. Available at http://liwc.net/howliwcworks. 3. Rosenquist JN, Fowler JH, Christakis NA (2011) Social network determinants of de- php. Accessed May 10, 2014. pression. Mol Psychiatry 16(3):273–281. 10. Golder SA, Macy MW (2011) Diurnal and seasonal mood vary with work, sleep, and 4. Cohen-Cole E, Fletcher JM (2008) Is obesity contagious? Social networks vs. environ- daylength across diverse cultures. Science 333(6051):1878–1881. mental factors in the obesity epidemic. J Health Econ 27(5):1382–1387. 11. Thusoo A; Facebook Data Infrastructure Team (2009) Hive–A warehousing solution 5. Aral S, Muchnik L, Sundararajan A (2009) Distinguishing influence-based contagion over a map-reduce framework. Proc VLDB 2(2):1626–1629. from homophily-driven diffusion in dynamic networks. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 12. Baumeister RF, Bratslavsky E, Finkenauer C, Vohs KD (2001) Bad is stronger than good. 106(51):21544–21549. Rev Gen Psychol 5(4):323–370. 6. Turkle S (2011) Alone Together: Why We Expect More from Technology and Less from 13. Festinger L (1954) A theory of social comparison processes. Hum Relat 7(2):117–140. Each Other (Basic Books, New York). 14. Prentice DA, Miller DT (1992) When small effects are impressive. Psychol Bull 112(1): 7. Guillory J, et al. (2011) Upset now? Emotion contagion in distributed groups. Proc 160–164. ACM CHI Conf on Human Factors in Computing Systems (Association for Computing 15. Bond RM, et al. (2012) A 61-million-person experiment in social influence and Machinery, New York), pp 745–748. political mobilization. Nature 489(7415):295–298. Kramer et al. PNAS Early Edition | 3 of 3
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You can hang out here or train in Boxing. Skills that you might acquire here can be canon or non-canon you can apply it to your future RPG's (Or not) Basically, this is like loners night club only a boxing Gym.
- Minor destruction of the gym is allowed (Cracked walls, broken windows etc.. but try to keep it in the ring please, this is a gym and not an arena)
- Haaaave fun


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Contact Digicape
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Cape Town
As South Africa's largest independent Apple retailer, Digicape offers you unrivalled product knowledge, range, training and service solutions. Our retail stores in Cape Town, Bellville and Claremont stock an outstanding selection of the latest Apple products as well as all the complementary add-ons and accessories from chosen manufacturers.
We sell and support software from both Apple and other third party developers. We are authorised resellers of Adobe software and the Mac software range from Microsoft.
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text:
PSP question please. Hi Urlee
been a long time since I have visited this board and an even longer time since I used PSP. life got in the way. But I digress. I need some help here. I have PSP 8 (tells ya how long I have been gone) and I am doing a video memorial for a friend. sadly most of the pictures are blurry. some really,really bad. do not think anything can be done about them. she has been sending pics of old album pics and she has tried 3 times and still blurry.
question: can someone give me a site ( most in my favorites no longer exist)that shows how to sharpen and fix up blurry pic in PSP 8
Hi dian,
I had so much trouble with PSP8 crashing, that I took it off my computer.
I am sure all PSP's work the same for sharpness in that you go up to Effects, down to Sharpen, over and I choose Unsharp mask because it allows me to choose the strength. Picking Sharpen from that list, tends to over sharpen where it harms the quality.
You may find you can't sharpen your pictures like you would want and only improves them very little.
Sharpen works well, otherwise.
Give it a try and if I can be of any help, feel free to ask.
thanks for the response. did not think you would remember me after so long.
thanks for the suggestion, I will give it a shot but I am with you in that I do not think much is going to help.
I thought there was a much more involved process to this but guess not.
half my links from long ago are not valid. all those PSP help ones ect.
which PSP are you all using now??
right now I just do not have the time to play catch up. hopefully once the holidays are over, I can get to read and play a little again. with the ecconomy the way it is, I have been working as much as I can
Hi dian,
I am still using good ole faithful PSP7.
I have 9 & X but they load so slow because they have more to them and for what I have been using PSP for, I open PSP7 as it is faster and I am so used to where to go for what I need.
I miss the soften tool the others have but I just copy and paste my image in PSP9 to soften then back to PSP7.


text:
Essie Fiji
181 reviews
59% would repurchase
Package Quality: 4.1
Price: $$$
Package Quality: 4.1
Price: $$$
on 8/26/2011 1:02:00 AM
Age: 25-29
Skin: Oily, Fair-Medium, Not Sure
Hair: Brunette, Other, Other
Eyes: Green
I LOVE this color but it is so streaky! The end result is not worth the $8 bucks for me. Wish the color payoff was a alot more otherwise I would have no problems with it.
on 8/24/2011 1:38:00 PM
Age: 18 & Under
Skin: Normal, Medium, Warm
Hair: Black, Straight, Fine
Eyes: Black
Fiji is a gorgeous color! It's the most toned down color I own(I LOVE bright blues) but it's a polish I reach for daily. The formula was okay. It was a little thin and streaky but it was hidden when i wore it since I layered another polish on top. It does take a while for it to dry but dunking your nails in a bowl of cold water speeds up the drying process.
on 8/20/2011 11:25:00 PM
Age: 18 & Under
Skin: Combination, Fair-Medium, Not Sure
Hair: Blond, Other, Other
Eyes: Blue
I really love this color, but the formula is very weird. And I have a few other colors from Essie that are streaky just like this one is, so I think Essie just doesn't work for me. shame :(
on 8/19/2011 12:55:00 AM
Age: 18 & Under
Skin: Combination, Medium, Not Sure
Hair: Brunette, Other, Other
Eyes: Brown
Good color, streaky application like other reviewers said - however, I'm still on the lookout for the perfect pale pink!
on 8/18/2011 1:14:00 PM
Age: 25-29
Skin: Very Dry, Fair, Cool
Hair: Blond, Curly, Fine
Eyes: Black
Like other reviewers have said, the formula sucks. It's streaky and difficult to apply evenly.
The color is beautiful, but it's a total pain to apply. So bummed.
on 8/16/2011 6:22:00 PM
Age: 25-29
Skin: Acne-prone, Tan, Warm
Hair: Brunette, Wavy, Coarse
Eyes: Grey
I have been looking for a nice white/cream/pink opaque polish for a while now. I read the bad reviews for this and heard that this is streaky and for some reason I thought I could be that one to make it work since I was in love with the shade. Well,... I couldn't get this the look good. I had to keep removing it and starting over again,it just seemed like whatever I did it was so streaky and hard to work with. I want my 8.99 back lol The color is gorg but the formula is not right idk if it's to thick and gooey to make it opaque. something isn't right with it. I have other essie polishes that are great..so its not Essie in general. it is that they were unsuccessful with making a opaque cream pink color and should have not even put this out to the public.
on 8/11/2011 3:37:00 AM
Age: 19-24
Skin: Oily, Fair-Medium, Not Sure
Hair: Black, Other, Other
Eyes: Brown
I loveloveLOVE this color! It is the perfect clean, classic, and girly nail polish color! The application can be quite frustrating though. The first coat is extremely streaky, but then it'll even out by the 2nd or 3rd coat. Oh well, I love this color so much I don't even care! This pale pink is a must have in your collection!:)
on 8/10/2011 5:07:00 PM
Age: 25-29
Skin: Combination, Olive, Not Sure
Hair: Brown, Other, Other
Eyes: Brown
I really like this color. It is NOT that hard to apply. Its very opaque with a similar consistency to french affair and borrowed and blue. I just start by making a line at the cuticle and pull up. I havent even been painting my nails very long to be honest. Two coats and I have perfect nails, no streaking whatsoever. Compared to french affair it is more pink, none of the lavender tinge and a bit lighter. Really love it, 3-4 days with no chipping too.
on 8/10/2011 7:59:00 AM
Age: 19-24
Skin: Normal, Medium, Neutral
Hair: Black, Wavy, Medium
Eyes: Brown
I love this polish; probably one of my favorite of all time! This is my go to polish if I want a neat and polished look that is feminine and will suit whatever I wear. I used to lean towards more sheer polishes, but I love the opacity of this. I generally apply ~2-3 coats which will last me a bit over a week in staying power.
on 8/7/2011 12:29:00 PM
Age: 18 & Under
Skin: Oily, Fair, Cool
Hair: Brown, Curly, Medium
Eyes: Green
Well, I was on a hunt for a color to french paint my nails with. I have OPI's Alpine Snow, so I was going to try it (for the first time, mind you)
In the store, I looked at the pale pink polishes. It came down to this, and Rimmel's pale pink. When I opened them to look at the brushes, Rimmel's was bigger and more what I liked. However, it looked very sheer and extremely drippy in the bottle. Essie's brush was tiny, but the polish looked thick and opaque.
So, I picked it up, without bothering to look at the price. 7 dollars for a bottle of nailpolish!? That's absurd. However, I reluctantly handed over the money, and grumbled that it better be good.
I love the color on me. It's a sweet pale pink, that's very pastel. I'm a very, very pale woman, and this made my hands look very elegant. Application was no worse than OPI and the quality of the brush, though small, is far superior. It didn't streak that badly on me, but I did use three coats along with a top of Sech Vite. Would I say it's extraordinary? No, not really.
But it's not bad at all. Definitely better than 3-4 dollar polishes, and regular drugstore polishes. However, I'd 7 is a bit too much. I could buy two bottles of fun color for that!
Popular Polishes


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text: Kantar Media reports U.S. ad spending up 3% last year Published on March 11, 2013. 0 Reprints Reprints Ad Age Reports Resource Guide B-to-B Marketing Fact Pack From spending trends to the biggest marketers and agencies, this handy guide gives you the lay of the b-to-b land. Learn more New York—Total ad spending in the U.S. reached $140.0 billion last year, up 3% over 2011, according to Kantar Media. Kantar tracks ad spending for measured media including TV, radio, magazines, newspapers, online (display ads only) and outdoor advertising. During the fourth quarter, total ad spending was up 2% compared with the same period in 2011. The fastest-growing media category last year was TV, which grew 8% over 2011, Kantar said. Outdoor advertising grew by 5%, and radio increased by 3%. Categories that were down last year included magazines (down 2%), newspapers (down 3%) and online (down 3%). Within the magazine category, ad spending in consumer magazines was down 3% from 2011, while ad spending in b-to-b magazines was down 2%. In addition, Kantar, Kantar Media's parent, announced that Richard Ingleton has been appointed CEO of its TNS research unit. Ingleton was previously partner-global customer leader at Ernst & Young. He succeeds Eric Salama, who had been serving as CEO of TNS and Kantar. Salama will continue as CEO of Kantar. In this article: BtoB Advertisement Read These Next McDonald's Plans to Boost Employee Pay, Offer Vacation Time on 04.01.2015 38 1 AT&T Names Lori Lee From Video Entertainment and Broadband Unit Its New CMO Mark Bergen on 04.01.2015 14 0 Jeep Cherokee U.K. Ad Banned For Promoting Dangerous Driving Emma Hall on 04.01.2015 46 1 Comments (0)


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Apr 4
Celebrating the beginning of Spring!
Posted by Nicole Leaf on April 4, 2013. No Comments
Spring is here and there is a sense of new beginnings in The Ocean Room kitchen. Baby radish, young asparagus, spring onions are some of the highlights of the new tasting menu.
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A Transition into Spring at The Ocean Room
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We are celebrating winter and looking forward to the transition into spring in The Ocean Room kitchen. Each of these dishes will feature a nod to the winter and a sneak peak of what the early spring has to … Read More


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NEW YORK (CNNMoney.com) -- If you watched the Super Bowl Sunday night, you saw at least two unprecedented events: The New Orleans Saints won their first championship, and Google ran an ad for its search engine on television.
The 60-second spot called "Parisian Love" aired during the third quarter of Sunday's game. The commercial featured several queries being typed into Google's search field, beginning with "study abroad paris france" to "translate tu es très mignon" and ending with "how to assemble a crib." The ad closed with the message: "Search on."
Google's (GOOG, Fortune 500) ad stood out, and not just because of its schmaltzy content amid mostly slapstick ads and commercials featuring men with no pants. It was more surprising that Google was putting itself out there since the search giant is notorious for largely refusing to advertise itself.
Google Chief Executive Eric Schmidt has said on many occasions that his company's dominant market share (nearly 66%, according to comScore) was earned by quality of searches, not by advertising.
Even as competitors like Yahoo (YHOO, Fortune 500) and Microsoft's (MSFT, Fortune 500) Bing have launched expensive cross-platform ad campaigns, Google has stayed relatively mum. Google did run several television ads in May 2009 for its Chrome browser; but those ads never mentioned the company's main search tool.
Google ads, though few and far between, are becoming increasingly prevalent. They have appeared on the radio, billboards and the Internet. In fact, "Parisian Love" came from a series of similar YouTube videos called "Search Stories" that Google posted over the past three months.
But on Saturday, Schmidt tweeted that "Hell has indeed frozen over," urging Super Bowl watchers to pay attention to the ads in the third quarter. After the game aired, Schmidt posted a comment on Google's blog, explaining the ad's origin.
"We didn't set out to do a Super Bowl ad, or even a TV ad for search," Schmidt said. "We liked this video so much, and it's had such a positive reaction on YouTube, that we decided to share it with a wider audience."
Schmidt said that the original intent of "Parisian Love" and the half dozen other Search Story ads was "to create a series of short online videos about our products and our users, and how they interact."
Some analysts think there may have been an ulterior motive.
"Google has had its designs on selling ads on television, and it is beginning to develop an interesting business there," said Andrew Frank, Google analyst at Gartner. "Google ... is coming to grips with the fact that the Internet can't persist as a disconnected medium that doesn't interact with other media."
Frank suggested that Google used the ad in part to show potential advertisers that the search company is not afraid of TV. That's important Google begins to ramp up its Google TV Ads network, a service that allows advertisers to put commercials on television through the company's AdWords program.
But there were other outside motivations as well, Frank said. He said Google has been feeling some pressure from Bing and Yahoo's new campaigns, as well as Apple's successful advertising (now that Google is becoming increasingly competitive with Apple (AAPL, Fortune 500).
Microsoft has said that it was prepared to spend about $100 million on advertising for Bing, which debuted last June. Since then, Bing has gained several points of market share (to about 11% from 8% in June), though it hasn't come close to Google's dominant share.
In a Super Bowl in which CBS (CBS, Fortune 500) was selling 30-second spots for as much as $3 million, even a one-minute ad didn't cost Google nearly what Microsoft was spending.
As a result, some advertising analysts think that Google was taking a relatively safe risk at reaching a wider audience.
"It's a big change for Google, but in terms of Google's budget, it's not 'big change,'" said Tobe Berkovitz, professor of advertising at Boston University. "Yes, we're in the digital era, but people are consuming content in a huge variety of ways, one of which is still the screen in the living room."
Berkovitz thought the Super Bowl, the most-watched TV event in the country, was an obvious choice for Google's first television ad, but he doesn't expect to be inundated by Google ads any time soon.
Instead, he thinks Google will pick and choose times where it can stand out.
"If they were smart, they'd want to pick something like the NCAA basketball championship, and they could do ads that relate to schools that are playing," Berkovitz said. "Like the Super Bowl, it would be nimble, and it would get a reaction of, 'Hey, that was pretty clever.'"
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