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We love eight-year-olds! They're just the right age for all kinds of fun. They still love the pretend play they've been enjoying for years, yet they're also ready to move ahead into more advanced toys and learning. All of these toys and activities will appeal to their natural sense of fun and wonder.
Grass, dirt, ponds or pools - this ferocious, amphibious RC car can tackle any type of terrain! Its 4x4 paddle wheel tires allow it to drive quickly both on land and in the water, where it actually floats! With its sturdy construction, this full-function RC vehicle is the perfect toy for all kinds of outdoor play! As with all water related activities, use with close adult supervision.
This RC vehicle uses a 49 MHz frequency; 2 vehicles of the same frequency will not function near each other.
Requires 2 AAA batteries and 3 AA batteries (NOT INCLUDED).
This RC vehicle uses a 27 MHz frequency; 2 vehicles of the same frequency will not function near each other.
Sail through enchanted waters on the Fairy Queen's Ship! The floating ship with gilded floral detailing features a functioning rudder that allows kids to control the direction of the boat. With the six foot slots, the fairies can stand securely aboard the ship, while the two functioning lanterns illuminate the ship's deck. Kids can unleash their inner fairy with the life-size pendant with heart-shaped gem!
Includes two winged fairies, peacock, owl, bejeweled staff, basket and other accessories.
Figures measure approximately 2.95" tall.
This RC vehicle uses a 27 MHz frequency; two vehicles of the same frequency will not function near each other.
Requires one 9V battery and 3 AA batteries (NOT INCLUDED).
Keep an eye out on the water with the Playmobil Patrol Boat. This floating boat comes with compartments on either size of the stern for storing the attachable side ladder and other equipment. Children can upgrade this set with the Playmobil Underwater Motor (sold separately).
Includes patrol boat, two figures, patrol dog, life ring, life jackets, walkie talkie, and other accessories.
Hit the high seas with this buoyant Playmobil Pirate Ship! Load your treasure on the ship with the functioning loading crane and store it in the hidden compartment. Also, defend against enemy ships with the cannon that shoots! The included "Joker Coin" can be used on the Playmobil Pirate Adventure Island (sold seperately) in the "fire code" puzzle. The boat can be upgraded to include an underwater motor (sold seperately)!
Includes: ship, 4 crew members, 2 cannons that shoot, 1 loading platform, Joker Coin and many accessories.
Figures measure approximately 2.95'' high and the ship measures approximately 27'' by 9" wide by 22'' long.
Help the Redcoats defend the high seas in this buoyant Playmobil Battleship! Use the cannon that shoots when you come across your enemies! A great addition to any Playmobil Pirate playset. Also, the ship can be upgraged to include an underwater motor.
Includes: battleship, cannon that shoots, 2 figures and accessories.
Figures measure approximately 2.95'' high.
Made of durable die-cast metal and PVC-free plastic, this Siku low loader is a great addition to your collection! The low loader has a fold down ramp, 10 wheels, and is complemented with a detailed boat. Top quality manufacturing and details make this toy perfect for creating a realistic experience for children and collectors alike. All Siku models are built tough and made to last through hours of play!
Measures approximately 6.4" long x 1.4" wide x 1.9" high.
This Fire Engine with Boat is a great addition to any Siku collection! The Unimog Fire Engine is a scale model and made nearly entirely out of metal. The trailer with boat is attached at the rear and can be removed. The boat is set on a tandem axel trailer. With this pair you will be ready to come to the rescue on land or by sea!
All Siku models are built tough and built to last through hours of play. They're realistic enough to please both a child while playing as well as the avid collector. All Siku models are made of quality die-cast metal with PVC-free plastic parts.
The model scale is 1:87.
Measures approximately 6.7" long x 0.8" wide x 1.6" high.
This convertible Jeep Wrangler with Motor Boat and Trailer from Siku conjures up fun and leisure activities with a touch of the "California feeling"! The boat is made of durable plastic and features many realistic details. The Jeep and the trailer are made of metal, making this model durable enough to last through rough play! The trailer is also removable from the Jeep. Be ready for miniature fun at the beach or the cottage which this model!
All Siku models are built tough and built to last. They're realistic enough to please both a child while playing as well as the avid collector. All Siku models are made of quality die-cast metal with PVC-free plastic parts.
Measures approximately 6.3" long x 1.2" wide x 1.6" high.
A wonderful addition to your Siku collection! This realistic cruise ship model is designed to look just like the AIDA Luna Cruiseliner, complete with onboard pools! The original details and colourful paint work make this ship unique.
The model scale is 1:400.
Measures approximately 9.5" long.
Enter the exciting world of pirates with these swashbuckling figures from Safari Limited! Included in this set are a minimum of 10 pirate-themed figures including a cannon, a ship, a captain and more, all expertly and realistically painted. This cool, globe-topped tube also has a Did You Know Safari Fact about the history of pirates printed on its label, so you can learn while you play!
Safari Limited has earned a reputation for creating the most realistic, to-scale plastic models available today. Their sculptors work closely with zoos and museums to create incredibly detailed, lifelike molds from which each small plastic model is made. Safari Limited products also conform to the highest safety standards, and the plastics and paints used on each model are tested regularly to ensure that they are not hazardous or toxic to children. Experience the excellence that Safari Limited has to offer with these beautiful, fun-to-play-with plastic models!
Tube measures approximately 13" long, and each figure measures approximately 2" long.
This speedy Siku set includes a trailer with a bright yellow speedboat, pulled by an exquisite model of a red Audi Q7 - all with moving parts! The boat, trailer and car can all be separated, and the back hatch of the boat and front doors of the Audi open so you can access the detailed interiors! All Siku models are built tough and built to last through hours of play. They look realistic and include many moving parts to please both a child while playing, as well as the avid collector. All Siku models are made of quality die-cast metal with plastic parts. The model scale is 1:55.
Measure approximately 10.5" long.
Lower the ramp, load the cargo and taxi to the helipad in the Red Rotors helicopter! With massive twin rotors, no load is too heavy for the heavy-lifting helicopter. Take off from the cool cockpit with a translucent windshield, then touch down on the landing gear to deliver your cargo!
3-in-1 model rebuilds into a helicopter, a cool propeller plane or twin-rotor hovercraft. Features bright red and orange design, moving twin rotors, detailed engines, rear cargo ramp and landing gear.
Propeller plane features engine detailing, rotating propeller, and undercarriage. Hovercraft features detailed engines and twin rotors.
Helicopter measures approximately 3" high x 5" long x 3" wide.
Propeller plane measures approximately 1" high x 5" long x 5" wide.
Twin-rotor hovercraft measures approximately 1" high x 4" long x 3" wide.
LEGO® and the LEGO® logo are trademarks of the ©2012 LEGO® Group.
Help! There's a shark coming close to shore and the surfer doesn't see it. Speed to the rescue on the Coast Guard watercraft and throw him the life preserver. Get the surfer aboard before the shark gets too close!
Includes a shark and 2 minifigures with accessories: Coast Guard rescuer and a surfer.
Coast Guard watercraft measures approximately 3" long x 1" wide x 1" tall.
Shark measures approximately 2" long x 1" wide x 1" tall.
Contains 32 pieces.
LEGO® and the LEGO® logo are trademarks of the ©2013 LEGO® Group.
Head out to the lighthouse quick with the LEGO® City Coast Guard Patrol! There's a couple stranded in a sinking dinghy and 3 sharks are swimming nearby! Launch the submarine and helicopter from the Coast Guard Patrol boat to get there fast. Rescue the couple with the life preservers, pull them into the helicopter and scare the sharks away with the water cannons!
Includes 3 sharks and 6 minifigures with accessories: pilot, captain, crew member, rescuer, stricken man and woman.
Coast Guard Patrol Boat measures approximately 15" long x 3" wide x 7" tall.
Helicopter measures approximately 6" long x 2" wide x 2" tall.
Submarine measures approximately 3" long x 2" wide x 1" tall.
Dinghy measures approximately 7" long x 3" wide x 2" tall.
Lighthouse with rocks measures approximately 5" long x 2" wide x 6" tall.
Shark measures approximately 2" long x 1" wide x 1" tall.
Contains 449 pieces.
Get ready for hours of water fun with a cool AquaPlay set! You can use the removable water pump to pump water in and out of the harbour, and the crane to assist loading and unloading of cargo! You can even assist boats going through the canals by turning the handle to make the water go through the system so the boats follow the flow of the water. One Megabridge Set, so many ways to play!
Includes: 8 canal pieces,1 crane with bucket, 1 water wheel, 1 boat, 1 car, 1 water pump, 1 water gate, 1 curved bridge, 1 straight bridge, 1 ramp, 2 bridge ramps, 3 locks, 8 fasteners and 1 sailor figure.
All AquaPlay systems are simple to put together and take apart, compact and easy to store, waterproof and reliable, indefinitely expandable with additional pieces, and are made from non-toxic recyclable plastics!
Measures approximately 41.25" long x 49.25", assembled.
Made in Sweden.
Go wherever your imagination takes you! It's easy to mix and match these detailed vehicle and traffic sign stamps to create hundreds of visual adventures. All the pieces, including the 2-color inkpad, store in a sturdy wooden box. Washable, kid-friendly ink.
Includes: 10 wooden stamps, 5 coloured pencils, and durable two-coloured stamp pad.
Save the day with the LEGO® City Coast Guard 4x4 and Diving Boat! Launch the boat, put on the diving gear and splash into the water. Use the megaphone to direct the diver as he makes the rescue. Then, radio back to shore with the walkie-talkie.
Includes 2 minifigures: a driver and a rescue diver.
4x4 and trailer measure approximately 8" long x 1" wide x 2" long.
Diving Boat measures approximately 3" long x 1" wide x 1" tall.
Contains 128 pieces.
Whether you're enjoying the great outdoors, collecting cuddly plush bunnies, or flying colourful kites we've got all the toys and books you need to celebrate spring
read more...
We're now hiring staff for our brand new locations in South Edmonton Common and Red Deer!
resumes to email@example.com
We are thrilled to announce the opening of our fifth Alberta location.
Details Here


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By Catholic Online (NEWS CONSORTIUM)
10/17/2013 (1 year ago)
Catholic Online (www.catholic.org)
The Global Slavery Index has issued its latest report on slavery and human trafficking and the numbers are appalling. There are presently around 30 million people living in bondage, which is to say more than at any time in history.
By Catholic Online (NEWS CONSORTIUM)
Catholic Online (www.catholic.org)
10/17/2013 (1 year ago)
Published in Asia Pacific
Keywords: Global Slavery Index, slavery, victims, human trafficking, Asia, Africa, report, numbers
LOS ANGELES, CA (Catholic Online) � At its height in the United States, slavery included almost 4 million people living in bondage. Today, 30 million people, mostly women and children, live and work as slaves. Primary occupations include forced labor and the sex trade.
The Global Slavery Index issued its "List of Shame" to highlight the worst countries. The country of Mauritania, in West Africa, has 10 to 20 percent of its people living as slaves. The practice there has been technically outlawed since 1981 but has become so entrenched as a social norm, it persists even today. Slavery in that country wasn't even a crime until 2007 and is never prosecuted.
Slavery in that country is still based on race. The masters are descendents of lighter-skinned Arab Berbers and the slaves are the darker-skinned descendants of natives. Slaves in that country are born into their condition and it isn't questioned. Slaves aren't bought or sold, but are given as gifts and it is always for life.
Other countries have high percentages of people living in slavery. According to the report, the list includes:
Mauritania, Haiti, Pakistan, India, Nepal, Moldova, Benin, Cote d'Ivoire, Gambia, and Gabon. In these countries, one will find the highest percentages of people living as slaves. However, there are countries where slaves form a smaller proportion of the population, but have a higher aggregate number of slaves.
The countries with the most slaves are, India, China, Pakistan, Nigeria, Ethiopia, Russia, Thailand, Democratic Republic of Congo, Myanmar, and Bangladesh.
Counted among the slaves are people forced into marriages against their will and debt bondage. The definition of a slave used in the report is, "the possession and control of a person in such a way as to significantly deprive that person of his or her individual liberty, with the intent of exploiting that person through their use, management, profit, transfer or disposal. Usually this exercise will be achieved through means such as violence or threats of violence, deception and/or coercion."
Countries have various, culturally influenced forms of slavery. In Haiti, children of poor families are often sent to live with other more affluent relatives who house, feed, and educate them in exchange for domestic labor. Naturally, these children often encounter abuse and may not be educated properly.
Halfway around the world, young girls are forced into marriages in Pakistan. Pakistan has as many as 2 million slaves. Young girls across much of Africa also fall into slavery. Boys are put to work in various industries, many of which are hazardous. This is most prevalent in India.
Trafficking in humans is also common between these regions as children are kidnapped to provide forced labor.
Women are trafficked across India, and Southeast Asia for the sex trade. The sex trade also snares millions of women in Eastern Europe and Russia. These victims often go missing as teenage girls and never return home, either lured away by deceit or kidnapped by force.
Many of these women do not survive long into adulthood as they are beaten, starved, drug addicted and eventually discarded once their value as sex slaves diminishes. A few manage to work for a very long time. Disease is rampant and none live normal or long lives. A smaller, yet significant proportion of boys and men are also forced into this industry.
Slavery is very pervasive and exists in every country. In the UK, for example, children are trafficked in from Southeast Asia and forced to work in basement pot farms, growing marijuana for illegal sale on the street. In the United States, a disturbing trend includes the trafficking of children for prostitution by organized criminal street gangs. The gangs say child prostitution is even more lucrative than money generated from drugs and gangs.
While organizations exist with the intent of abolishing slavery, the work is very dangerous and expensive. Buying slaves from bondage only fuels the practice. Rescuing slaves requires legal and sometimes military aid, which is in sparse supply around the world.
Meanwhile, poverty and demand for cheap and illicit goods as well as sex keeps the practice growing. Ultimately, the beneficiaries of slave labor are consumers, who normally without realizing it are buying goods that have at some point been produced by slave labor. As long as we ignorantly (or knowingly) purchase the cheap products of slave labor, slavery will persist.
St. Christopher
St. Anthony
St. Matthew
St. Joseph of Cupertino
St. Ann
St. Benedict
St. Isidore the Farmer
St. Mark
St. Barbara
St. George
St. Joseph
St. John the Baptist
St. Clare
St. Brigid of Ireland
St. Jude
St. Gerard
St. Florian
St. Francis of Assisi
By Hannah Raissa Marfil (NEWS CONSORTIUM)
Students from the Pyongyang University of Science and Technology had no reaction when Suki Kim, an American writer and journalist posing as their Christian missionary teacher, flashed images of the United Nations, Taj Mahal and the Great Pyramids of Giza, as she told ... continue reading
By Catholic Online (NEWS CONSORTIUM)
Conjoined twin girls in Indonesia have been born with a very rare genetic condition. Both girls share a chest, abdomen - and a heart. Photos have been circulated showing the babies in a hospital bed in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Soetomo Hospital in ... continue reading
By Nita Bhalla, Thomson Reuters Foundation
When Indian street-food seller Kumar Pal first began treatment for multi-drug resistant tuberculosis two years ago, he quickly spiraled into depression and gave up hope of living. NEW DELHI (Thomson Reuters Foundation) - Weighing just 77 pounds, shunned by his ... continue reading
By Catholic Online (NEWS CONSORTIUM)
In its attempts to become a world leader and an economic powerhouse, the nation of India is taking those who take academic shortcuts, by cheating in school, extremely harshly. More than six hundred students were expelled in eastern India. Pictures of friends ... continue reading
By Catholic Online (NEWS CONSORTIUM)
An important link in the take down of al-Qaeda leader, Osama bin Laden has been ruthlessly gunned down in retaliation. Attorney Samiullah Khan Afridi, murdered by suspected Taliban gunmen was the legal representative for Dr. Shakil Afridi. The doctor provided ... continue reading
By Catholic Online (NEWS CONSORTIUM)
Yet another horrible Islamic State video, this one intended to recruit followers in Indonesia, depicts Indonesian children, all younger than 15 years of age, training with weapons. Produced by Alazzam Media, which claims to be the Malay language media division ... continue reading
By Catholic Online (NEWS CONSORTIUM)
Pakistan's Prime Minister must take partial blame for the deadly attacks on Christian churchgoers in Lahore this past weekend. Archbishop Joseph Coutts of Kararchi, leader of the country's Catholics, says that Pakistani Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif failed to act ... continue reading
By Hannah Raissa Marfil (NEWS CONSORTIUM)
According to new research from the journal ZooKeys, the so-called "yeti" hair samples as determined by a prior research, were only from brown bears. In the study's abstract, the researchers stated that they have no reason to conclude the samples came from any other ... continue reading
By Catholic Online (NEWS CONSORTIUM)
Pakistan's worst attack on its Christian religious minority occurred this past weekend when two churches in Lahore were targeted by suicide bombers. Fifteen people were killed in all, and at least 70 other people suffered injuries. According to Pakistan Taliban ... continue reading
By Catholic Online (NEWS CONSORTIUM)
Authorities in eastern India are continuing their search for six men wanted in connection with the gang rape of a 74-year-old nun in West Bengal. Witnesses say the men ransacked the convent school in Ranaghat this past weekend. LOS ANGELES, CA (Catholic Online) ... continue reading

subset: commoncrawl


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I am a 42 year old, non-smoking, rarely drinking, theatrical technician. I travel a great deal with my work, and occasionally like to use this site to mix things up a little and get me out of just another generic hotel room in the long line of generic hotel rooms.
Thanks for taking the time to consider me as a possible short-term tenant in your home, and please feel free to contact me with any additional questions/concerns you may have.


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A Global EDM Gathering on an Epic Scale
Activity runs 24/7 at ADE: All- nighter showcases were held in venues ranging from small clubs to major venues such as the Heineken Music hall and the 17,000-seat Ziggo Dome. All EDM genres were represented, from deep house to techno to progressive; headliners included Tiësto, Afrojack, Calvin Harris, Armin Van Buuren, Fedde Le Grand, Pete Tong, David Guetta, and Paul Oakenfold, to name a handful.
During the day, while festivalgoers recharged their batteries and checked out the various pop-up film, art, and retail events around town, more than 5,000 producers, musicians, label execs, and tech leaders took part in 300 conference sessions, featuring talks by Nile Rodgers, Giorgio Moroder, Bob Lefsetz, and Dave Smith, and Q&As with DJs including Armin van Buuren, Tiësto, Richie Hawtin, and Hardwell.
Six panel tracks offered a range of content, from the evolution of DJ technology to PR and management to staging design, with a dedicated track for students and a new Green track, focusing on sustainability. Across town, Native Instruments, Waves, Ableton, Pioneer, Novation, Sonos, and other technology companies hosted all-day "playgrounds" featuring production seminars and hands-on demos geared toward both pros and beginners.
Here are a few of our favorite moments from ADE.
These are my comments.
Copyright ©2015 by NewBay Media, LLC. All Rights Reserved. 28 East 28th Street, 12th floor, New York, NY 10016 T (212) 378-0400 F (212) 378-0470


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Holdays.net Home
Here is a very nice, extremely rare vintage Homer Laughlin Riviera (or Century) teapot with lid in Ivory (same color as Fiesta Ware) w/ red stripes. It stands 4 1/2" tall to the top of the lid's handle and is in EXCELLENT CONDITION (no chips, cracks, etc...very little, if any, wear...bold color and shine). Marked with the Homer Laughlin and Wells logos, as shown. Guaranteed to be authentic and vintage. Not only is the condition of this teapot exceptional but it is an exclusive and unique piece of Riviera dinnerware that will look amazing as part of any collection. price!!! Please note that any white spots you see in the pictures are just reflections and are not on the actual piece itself. The buyer pays all actual shipping and insurance charges or this item may also be picked up locally. Please feel free to E-mail me with any questions you may have and be sure to check out my other sales and store listings for more Fiesta Ware, pottery, dinnerware, and glassware items. Thanks!
I have more Fiesta Ware items listed right now. CLICK HERE TO VIEW MY OTHER LISTINGS
This item has been shown 0 times.
Vintage Fiesta Green 7" Plate - Homer Laughlin Co -euc
Old Vintage 1936 Red Orange Fiesta 9" Luncheon Plate Fiestaware Homer Laughlin
Vintage Fiesta Harlequin Creamer - Turquoise - Homer Laughlin Co.
Vintage Fiesta Luncheon Plate - Ivory - 9"- Homer Laughlin Co. Euc
Vintage Fiesta Medium Green 6" Plate Homer Laughlin Co, Euc
Vintage Fiesta Luncheon Plate - 9" - Green - Homer Laughlin Co. Euc
Vintage Fiesta 7" Plate - Rose - Homer Laughlin Co - Euc
Vintage Fiesta Saucer - Yellow - Homer Laughlin Co - Euc
Vintage Fiesta Green 6" Plate - Homer Laughlin Co -euc
Vintage Fiesta Luncheon Plate - Yellow - 9"- Homer Laughlin Co. Euc


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Senior Member
ITT: we discuss why the leaf sprout icon is so amazing and how it should be nerfed. Clearly leaf sprout is dominating top level play. If Riot doesn't nerf leaf sprout, I quit this game.
Leaf Sprout is fine nabs, just pick the Vulcano icon, it totaly counters Leaf and Tree icons thanks to its Fire type.
As a wraith main I find it's hard to even compete seriously with my favorite icon. It's definitely frustrating seeing nine leaf sprouts in ranked and getting queue dodged or *****ed out all game for my icon.
Op leaf
*logs on and changes icon*
Wins incoming
Rose is where it's at man. Once I got in an aram with five roses on one team, and we dominated due to our random champs being better than theirs by three healers.
L2Counter leaf sprout.
Purple Caster Minion icon is the true op.
© 2015 Riot Games, Inc. All rights reserved. Riot Games, League of Legends and PvP.net are trademarks, services marks, or registered trademarks of Riot Games, Inc.


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Pricewatch reader queries: A Vodafone cold call, then silence on extra charges
- Consumer
- February 9, 2015, 02:00
A reader called Amanda contacted us on behalf of her mother, who is 73. Last year her mother received a cold call from Vodafone, asking if she woul(...)
Eithne Ní Uallacháin: Bilingua
- Music
- December 4, 2014, 16:00
This collection is a singular delight. Eithne Ní Uallacháin (of Lá Lúgh) left a rich legacy of both traditional and original music in her wake, fol(...)
Quinns demand letters between Lenihan and Anglo
- Financial Services
- October 22, 2014, 01:00
The family of Seán Quinn is demanding access to three letters sent between former minister for finance Brian Lenihan and then chairman of Anglo Iri(...)
Project Maple: Anatomy of a deal
- Crime & Law
- April 17, 2014, 22:41
Part 1: September–December 2007 September 11th, 2007: Ardboyne HotelEarly aut(...)
Whelan interview notes read to court
- Courts
- March 25, 2014, 01:00
Witness Det Sgt Brian Mahon of the Garda Bureau of Fraud Investigation. Snapshots The court sat for just over an hour yesterday. Det Sgt(...)
Anglo director told Maple 10 loans were on 'normal terms'
- Courts
- March 6, 2014, 01:00
FIONA GARTLAND A former Anglo Irish Bank director has said he was told in 2008 by the bank's then chairman Seán Fitz(...)
Procedures 'not followed' over Anglo Maple 10 loans
- Courts
- February 14, 2014, 01:00
Procedures requiring Anglo Irish Bank loans of more than €25 million to be referred to a non-executive director appeared not to have been follo(...)
Martin says public 'very anxious' that bank investigations be properly prosecuted
- Crime & Law
- September 11, 2013, 01:05
Fianna Fáil leader Micheál Martin has said he believes the public is "very anxious" that work done in relation to wrongdoing in the banks should be pr(...)
Anglo executive given immunity deal by the DPP
- Crime & Law
- September 10, 2013, 05:00
A senior executive at Anglo Irish Bank at the time of the bank's collapse has been granted immunity from prosecution arising from the criminal inve(...)
Quinn family fight against Anglo closest yet to banking inquiry
- Financial Services
- June 28, 2013, 01:00
An indication of the type of material that would emerge were a banking inquiry ever established is contained in an affidavit sworn earlier this year b(...)


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Reading police released new details Wednesday night in the case of a man shot in the chest inside his own home.
The gunfire erupted around 12:20 p.m. Wednesday inside a home in the 500 block of South 18th Street.
The victim is a 48-year-old man, and police say, at last check, he was listed in stable condition.
Neighbors say the victim was screaming for help, and bleeding, in the middle of the street.
While this chaotic scene was unfolding, and neighbors rushed to save the victim's life, police say there was a 19-year-old woman tied up inside the victim's home, screaming for help.
Investigators say the 19-year-old woman is a friend of the victim, unrelated to the crime, and was just at the home visiting.
A neighbor untied the woman, and she was taken down to police for questioning, police said.
Authorities say they believe the shooting may have been drug-related because they could smell drugs inside the residence.
Police say they are currently working on a description of two, possibly three men, responsible for this crime.
Anybody with more information on this shooting is asked to call Crime Alert: Berks County.
The number is 877-373-9913.
Man shot during apparent drug-related home invasion in Reading, police say
Victim rushed to trauma center with gunshot wound to chest
Reading police released new details Wednesday night in the case of a man shot in the chest inside his own home.
Copyright 2012 WFMZ. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
More Berks Headlines
- 2-alarm fire heavily damages family's home in Cumru
- Police: Deadly plant explosion appears accidental
- Reading iRequest: City launches customer service app
- New restaurant serves up more than just food
- ALDI announces plans for shuttered Bottom Dollar stores
- Crews battle blaze at home in Muhlenberg Township
- Ringgold band member honored at concert
- Mobile home fire in Tilden Township causes $80,000 in damages
- Two homes heavily damaged in Schuylkill County fire
- Police investigating home invasion robbery in St. Lawrence
- Kids take a train ride with Easter Bunny
- Bernville residents told to boil water through weekend
- Six local residents honored with nation's highest civilian award
- Pennsylvania State Trooper critically injured in I-81 crash
- Aldi will reopen two former Bottom Dollar stores
- Timet industrial plant explosion kills one person, injures others
- Uber up and running in Reading
- Tulpehocken Area School District superintendent to retire
- Route 61 bridge repairs near Hamburg to start Monday
- 4 men heading to trial in connection with drug raid in Reading
- Stolen guns recovered during drug bust in Reading
- Reading mayor announces series of town hall meetings
- Woman injured when minivan rams building in Muhlenberg
- Activists call on attorney general to close immigration facility
- Ambulance groups team up for 'Operation Safe-Walk'
Berks Crime Headlines
- Police investigating home invasion robbery in St. Lawrence
- 4 men heading to trial in connection with drug raid in Reading
- Stolen guns recovered during drug bust in Reading
- Ambulance groups team up for 'Operation Safe-Walk'
- Pair sought in rash of thefts from CVS stores in Berks
- Berks-Lehigh drug ring dismantled in $2.2 million bust
- Tombstone-toppling vandals strike cemetery again
- Reading man behind bars for theft at The Inn at Reading
- Man admits to causing deadly crash on Bingaman Street Bridge
- Lockdown lifted following threat at Berks County Jail
- Berks man allegedly exposes himself to two young girls
- Crime in Reading at lowest level in decades, police say
- Prostitute stabbed by customer in Reading, police say
- Police: Man exposed himself to kids walking to school
- Berks bank robbery suspect charged in 2nd holdup
- Berks constable suspended pending outcome of DUI, assault case
- Fundraising effort for more security cameras in Reading reaches goal
- Berks lawmaker proposes expansion of 'revenge porn' law
- Man hospitalized after stabbing in Reading
- 2 people busted; cocaine, heroin, cash seized in Reading


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California wildfire burns 10-mile path to Pacific
A wildfire raged around a coastal region in Southern California early Friday morning, after flaring up in strong winds a day earlier and cutting a 10-mile path to the Pacific.Comment
DAYBREAK DAILY: Maryland nixes same-sex relationship insurance
O'Malley administration says couples must get married to receive benefits.Comment
Family claims remains of Boston Marathon bombing suspect
The body of Boston Marathon bombing suspect Tamerlan Tsarnaev, was claimed on Thursday. Tsarnaev's widow wanted it released to his side of the family. Tsarnaev's uncle Ruslan Tsarni, of Montgomery Village, Maryland, said Tuesday night the family would take the body.Comment
Why are the honeybees disappearing?
Intertwined factors, including a parasitic mite, multiple viruses, bacteria, poor nutrition, genetics, habitat loss and pesticides are causing U.S. honeybees to disappear.Comment
Seattle May Day march marred by violence
Hours after a peaceful march concluded in Seattle, several dozen protesters, some covering their faces with bandanas, began pelting police with rocks and bottles. More than a dozen people were arrested.Comment
Welcome news: Jobless aid numbers drop by 16,000 last week
The number of Americans seeking unemployment aid fell last week to seasonally adjusted 324,000, the lowest since January 2008.Comment
Ricin-letters suspect faces detention hearing
Prosecutors in a Mississippi federal court will argue again today that the man accused of sending ricin-laced letters to President Barack Obama and others should be held without bond.Comment
DAYBREAK DAILY: 'Not the end of Virginia Beach' says official on Oceanfront mayhem
Residents pack a town hall meeting to express concerns about weekend violence that included three shootings, three stabbings and numerous robberies.Comment
Knox contemplated suicide in Italian prison
More than a year and a half after walking out of an Italian court a free woman, and just weeks after another judge tossed out her acquittal in the murder of her roommate, Amanda Knox will speak out on national television for the first time Tuesday night.Comment
One killed in Houston airport shooting
Police say a man who had fired a gun inside a ticketing area at Houston's largest airport was killed after being confronted by a law enforcement official.Comment
Wildfires force evacuation of campus, homes near Los Angeles
A wildfire fanned by gusty Santa Ana winds raged along the fringes of Southern California communities near Los Angeles on Thursday, forcing evacuation of homes and a university. Some 6,500 acres - more than 10 square miles - were charred, with no containment.Comment
Feds hit jackpot with Tsarnaev's laptop, Rockville expert says
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President Barack Obama has signed into law a bill to end furloughs of air traffic controllers.Comment
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Sheriff's Corner: Welfare fraud and fraud prevention
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By Catholic Online (NEWS CONSORTIUM)
10/30/2013 (1 year ago)
Catholic Online (www.catholic.org)
Celebrating his 90th birthday, longtime "The Price is Right" host Bob Barker will once again encourage audiences to "come on down!" Barker will take to the stage one more time since his retirement from the long-running game show in 2007. The when and where will be a surprise for the studio audience while the show is taped at the old CBS Television City studio.
By Catholic Online (NEWS CONSORTIUM)
Catholic Online (www.catholic.org)
10/30/2013 (1 year ago)
Published in TV
Keywords: Bob Barker, The Price is Right game show, animal rights
LOS ANGELES, CA (Catholic Online) - "We've had Bob on just one other time since Drew Carey took over the show," executive producer Mike Richards says. "It was when Bob's book, 'Priceless Memories,' came out and it was a priceless moment for fans. I was looking for the perfect reason to bring Bob back again and this TV legend turning 90 is the perfect reason."
Barker's one-day appearance will air on his birthday, December 12, during a week-long tribute. Honoring Barker's career as an animal rights activist, "Monday through Friday we're going to be doing pet adoptions, which is something Bob did on the show for years," Richards explains.
Barker will also help place a puppy up for adoption, he will also take part in a special Showcase presentation featuring prizes that honor the benefits of reaching 90. Such as? "Being treated well," Richards says. "And you'll be treated incredibly well on this trip to wherever... It's intended to show off just how hilarious Bob is and let him have a little fun. We couldn't be more excited!"
"The Price is Right" remains daytime's Number 1 show, Richards feels confident making one more announcement: "I'm officially extending an invitation to Bob to come back for his 100th birthday!"
It must be noted that things weren't always amicable between Barker and the show's producers. Hosting the show for 35 years, Barker was snubbed to participate in the game show's 40th anniversary special. Barker said the show's producers "chose to ignore me, which is fine."
Barker was shown in several clips but was not invited to appear on the program or attend the taping. "They haven't even offered me a DVD," Barker said at the time.
Barker thought he was omitted from the anniversary show "because I have been critical of them for giving away prizes that I consider inappropriate."
He complained to producers for awarding tickets to Sea World and the Calgary Stampede as prizes. Both organizations "are notorious for animal abuse," Barker said.
Drew Carey assumed Barkers' hosting duties following his retirement and has hosted the show since.
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By Catholic Online (NEWS CONSORTIUM)
New York real-estate heir Robert Durst was connected to three deaths. His wife went missing in 1982; his neighbor, who was dismembered in 2001 and his friend, who was shot in the head in 2000. The 71-year-old "star" of the HBO documentary series "The Jinx: The ... continue reading
By Catholic Online (NEWS CONSORTIUM)
Televangelist Pat Robertson, onetime host of "The 700 Club" offered advice to a Christian woman who is surrounded by Buddhists. To paraphrase, he told her: If you can't beat 'em, don't join 'em. LOS ANGELES, CA (Catholic Online) - This was the advice Robertson ... continue reading
By Catholic Online (NEWS CONSORTIUM)
It's an ad viewed millions of times - and has sent users way in happy tears. The advertisement is for Samsung's new service geared towards hearing impaired users. The brief clip follows a young, Turkish hearing-impaired man named Muharram Yazgan, who goes on a ... continue reading
By Troy Dredge, Catholic Online
Humor is a subjective thing, satire even more so. If the chief enemy of art is "good taste," many agreed that a recent "Saturday Night Live" sketch featuring a girl who runs off to join Islamist State was, uh, artistic. LOS ANGELES, CA (Catholic Online) - ... continue reading
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CNN presents a new investigative show called "Finding Jesus: Faith, Fact, Forgery" that aims to debunk and authenticate different artifacts, both physical and textual, about Jesus Christ and those in his life. Over a series of six episodes, the show plans on providing ... continue reading
By Catholic Online (NEWS CONSORTIUM)
"In my heart I know it is time for someone else to have that opportunity," Jon Stewart of the satirical "The Daily Show" told his in-studio audience this week. People gasped and members of the audience yelled, "We love you, Jon." A specific date for his ... continue reading
By Catholic Online (NEWS CONSORTIUM)
If you want to enjoy some old film favorites on Netflix instant streaming - do so this week. Netflix is going to chop approximately 40 older films from its streaming services to make way for many new titles in February. LOS ANGELES, CA (Catholic Online) - Some ... continue reading
By Abigail James (NEWS CONSORTIUM)
Watching a whole season of a television series in a day sounds ridiculous. However, binge-viewing has become more popular than the traditional way of watching TV, seeing a single episode of a series once a week. LOS ANGELES, CA (Catholic Online) - With newer TV outlets ... continue reading
By Troy Dredge, Catholic Online
All good things must come to an end. Late night TV talk show host David Letterman had announced his resignation in April, but now his fans have a specific date. David Letterman's final show will air this coming May 20. LOS ANGELES, CA (Catholic Online) - CBS ... continue reading
By Troy Dredge, Catholic Online
PBS host Tavis Smiley offered up his opinion "respectfully," but that didn't stop his pointed criticism of U.S. President Barack Obama. Smiley declared that "black folk don't need lectures." Smiley joked with Steven Colbert in a larger discussion on race in ... continue reading


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Times Arrow ( audio) a brief description of the 3d idea of time's arrow and how it affects us in the 3D realm)
Welcome to the world of the real - By Stormsfury
(formerly what is the meaning of life)
Stormsfury dot com? Yes , I am Stormsfury and this site (formerly "what is the meaning of life?") is transforming with me as we go on a journey. A journey beyond lies, brain training and medication. From here we look at life and matter from the most inner space to the outer reaches of the mind. We look at conciousness, the spiritual path and the reality of that path with nothing glossed over.
The things is "WHAT is this site" has been a debate burning inside and outside of my mind, and just as I cant quite yet focus on where I'm heading yet. I can only see parts of what is, and what is to be. What i can tell you is that this site is the place where science and spirituality do not clash, they conspire. They work together. This is the place for those that are thinking about "Spiritual" ideas for the first time, or awakening for the first time and yet don't want to dive in to it all...at least not yet.
There is a stereotype for the spiritual path as there is of everything and yes some of it is true. That's why here, you will get none of that not because i condemn it, but because i can relate to you if you are coming at this from a "try it and see" point of view. Or if you just want to go slowly and learn a little bit about everything rather than focus on one thing. Sometimes a good view of the "globe" can help you grasp what the spectrum of ideas philosophies and belief's are. And if they are thing you are truly ready to open your mind and body to.
It is "work" and you don't EVER want to fake it, because you will never forgive yourself. Or worse you might actually believe yourself, then you are in a word of trouble. From the flip side if you are really scientific and certain things don't add up for you, and yet you are here? Then maybe you are looking for a doorway to accepting the world of things that don't add up. At least from a 3 dimensional human perspective anyway. This site is about creation and connection and the way "in" to it , for people that wont leap on faith but need something a little more tangible. This is a place where I get that point of view.
You will also hear and see other members of this "spiritual" community and see creative works and hear what they have to say, interviews and videos that i hope will help not only promote them. But help diversify the "opinion" of this site. This site needs to be more than just my opinion to really do what it is designed to do. This site is like the universe itself, through attraction and creation. It is trying to discover it's very nature. And knows there are plenty of people that would want to share in the knowledge that we keep finding.
More and more people are waking up; whether you are the Russell Brand type, or more a Dain Heer fan or maybe you like Darwin. I truly hope something here can make a difference to you, allow you to immerse in this world, without worrying about labels and customs when right now you just want knowledge and "truth". And maybe a little inspiration.
And I'd like to think you will also see moments of pure stupidity. Why? Because i can!
Welcome to Stormsfury.com. Welcome to the world of the REAL.
Information UK Southampton (#REF)
Feel free to contact, stalk, Facebook, email,phone, smoke signals, twitter, Google+, You tube , Morse code or Sending energetic messages
Donations (not currently accepting)
All Donations are put right back into the development, research and content of this site, with the aim of giving you the best quality service available. I thank you humbly in advance for ANY donations that would gratefully received. All donations will be listed as will the items they were spent on in the interest of transparency - Donations are currently NOT being accepted due to current lack of progress on the site
crazy joe,whatisthemeaningoflife.co.uk,batteredweb,batteredevolution,stormsfury.com, chaoscentral and tommy.wood.co.uk 2003-2014 Tom Wood


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Patients who went to free health clinics were less likely to use emergency departments as their initial source of health care, according to new research, suggesting that clinics may help reduce unnecessary ED utilization. Researchers noted that clinic utilization is more cost effective than ED use. The study was published in the Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved.
View Full Article in:DailyRx.com
Published in Brief:


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Attorney Hoffman was a God sent !
My immigration case was very complicated due to the previous marriage , then divorce and then the denial of my...
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16 years since Kristin S Hoffman was first licensed to practice law.
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A true story about a forbidden New Testament that shattered the calm of a Yugoslavian village. John and Anna Olesh, raised in a solid Catholic community, face severe censure when John leaves his family for a time to make money in America. Even mor...View Details >>
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Happy laughter rippled up from Dawn's heart. At seventeen, she relished the addition of the eighth child to her family, even if it meant added responsibilities. But Dawn's joy turned to anguish as baby Darla was admitted to the hospital again and ...View Details >>
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lockstep processor techniqueA processor lockstep is a technique used to achieve high reliability in a microprocessor system. This is done by adding a second identical processor to a system that monitors and verifies the operation of the system processor.
* The two processors are initialized to the same state during system start-up, and they receive the same inputs (code, bus operations and asynchronous events), so during normal operation the state of the two processors is identical from clock to clock. They are said to be operating in lockstep. The lockstep technique assumes that an error in either processor will cause a difference between the states of the two processors, which will eventually be manifested as a difference in the outputs, so the lockstep system monitors the outputs of the two processors and flags an error in the case of a discrepancy. [* Adapted from IBM PowerPC Tips]
Perceptual computing is the ability for a computer to recognize what is going on around it. More specifically, the computer can perceive the... Read More »Apple Pay Promises to Strengthen Payment Security
Experts believe that Apple Pay and other competitive payment systems will be far more secure than cards, even cards equipped with EMV chips. Read More »The Great Data Storage Debate: Is Tape Dead?
Tape clearly is on the decline. But remember, legacy systems can hang for a shockingly long time. Read More »
A network is a group of two or more computer systems or devices, linked together to share resources, exchange files and electronic communications.... Read More »Computer Architecture Study Guide
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bassett furniture inds
(BSET:Consolidated Issue Listed on NASDAQ Global Select )
Last $28.52 USD
Change Today +0.50 / 1.78%
Volume 77.6K
BSET On Other Exchanges
As of 8:10 PM 03/31/15 All times are local (Market data is delayed by at least 15 minutes).
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Thaw frozen scallops.
Rinse scallops and drain.
Cut large scallops in half.
In saucepan combine scallops, chicken broth, celery, and green onion.
Bring to boiling; reduce heat and simmer 3 to 4 minutes.
Combine cornstarch and soy sauce; add to mixture in saucepan.
Cook and stir till thickened and bubbly.
Add Chinese vegetables, mushrooms, and salt; heat through.
Stir in almonds.
Serve over hot cooked rice or warmed chow mein noodles.
Pass additional soy sauce, if desired.


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503 Hammonton, NJ Kitchen and Bath Designers
Achieving flawlessly functional and attractive kitchen and bath design requires a professional who specializes in these spaces. Not only do these rooms see the most action of the house, but they require the most planning and attention to detail. When designing them, a bath and kitchen designer must keep a strong focus on the homeowner's wants and needs while also considering things like potential resale value. Read the tips below to learn how to choose the perfect Hammonton, NJ kitchen and bathroom design professional for your home project. More
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Bluebell Kitchens has been the standard for quality and innovation in kitchen design since 1985. Over time the company has expanded, skillfully designing beautiful bathrooms as... Read More
We are a full service kitchen and bath design business, from concept to completion and drawings to contractors, we provide personalized service for each client. See my projects
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List your business here for free - Learn More


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At Boulders Edge
No availability found through our partners. Please contact the business directly or check some of our recommended alternatives.
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Time flies
... t see volleyball taken that seriously in Tasmania or with that level of crowd participation so that was an interesting experience. Afterwards, I went uptown and had a hotdog from Mike's Hotdog Shack, a small shop that seemed to focus more on selling beer and cigarettes than food, in fact he even seemed surprised that I ordered one! I then met Donelle, one of her fellow students and a few university staff members after their lecture had finished at a renowned Athens pub which brews its own ...
Home away from home
After an uneventful drive we got to Athens and Donelle's apartment for the year. I spent that evening and the next day taking it easy while she attended to her study commitments. Donelle's apartment is part of a big complex in a quiet new estate on one of the hills that surround the town. The town itself is built around the old university, on the banks of the Hocking River and set amongst heavily wooded low hills. These ...
Yes, I found it! Coffee!
... the incorporation of the Athens Block in some of the pieces. Not to mention that I have a soft spot for using textiles as a medium. The following links will take you to the websites of some of the artists from the exhibition:
Liz Alpert Fay
Briana Babani
Anna Baddeley Keister
Art seems to pop up in the most interesting places, such as in the underpass as pictured.
Touring Ohio
... all of the signs to get to a lake that is unreachable! What kind of a game is this Ohio? Watch the tourist go in circles??? Not fun.
So then we decided to go and look for the little town of Baltimore, where Christi grew up. Low and behold, It's there!!! Well Glory Be!!! Since we didn't have her old home address at the time we settled ...
Couldn't get in :-(
... there is a lake here. We never could find it, or its beaches. There is a huge berm all of the way around the lake so you can't see in. Not that that would make much difference with all of the houses set about a foot apart from each other and up against the berm. Strange. Then again, we are in Ohio so what else should we expect, right Christi??
Damn ...


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I have been working at Rio Tinto
Rio is a good corporate citizen, locally and globally. They invest heavily on best practices and that makes for a well rounded employee.
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"All of Purchasing will be eliminated with Bruckner Supply outsourcing within 24 months. "
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I worked at Rio TintoPros
Excellent Benefits and it's a very prestigious company to work for and be proud of affiliation.Cons
Work is divided up and spread throughout too many departments which makes each department a dead end without advancement.Advice to ManagementAdvice
Annual reviews shouldn't be based on global criteria that has little relevance to every position, location or actual work required.Doesn't RecommendDisapproves of CEO
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Great growth opportunties. A progressive company.Cons
Too much politics. The business units are very productive but Rio Tintio Corporate is hamstrong my politics.Advice to ManagementAdvice
The the business units run their business.Doesn't RecommendNo opinion of CEO


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33 year old woman | Renton, WA, USA | Seeking men 25-35 within 50 miles
Live. Laugh. Love.
To explain whom I am is simple. I am straight forward, easy going (doesn't mean easy to get over on),fun loving, passionate woman that is crazy about my family. I enjoy the simple things in life like taking walks, cuddling up to watch a movie and other things like having a nice dinner & conversation. I also enjoy other activities when the weather is suitable which isn't quite often. I am trying to keep this as short as possible and not drag on and make whomever reading this bored and quickly lose interest. With that being said, I am looking forward to meeting someone whom enjoys celebrating life. I am not super picky about certain things. My main interest/concern is to meet someone whom is HONEST, respects me and genuinely enjoys my company. I know a lot of women take their previous relationship baggage in to the next one but I have done pretty well keeping positive and not letting my past hurt reflect my future. So if your down with meeting a genuine individual to spend those empty days with shot me a line and we'll see if it leads to friendship or beyond.
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HIV Stigma Index 2009 Rwanda AVVAIS, RBC/IHDPC, RRP +, UNAIDS SAHARA CONFERENCE Port-Elisabeth, South Africa November 28 to December 2, 2011 Presentation Outline • Introduction: Why focusing on stigma and Discrimination? • Objectives of the study • Methods • Key findings 2 Introduction: Why focusing on stigma & discrimination? • Stigma & discrimination are a health and human rights issue • Stigma & Discrimination constitute a barrier to AIDS response Limit universal access to: Prevention services, counseling & testing Treatment (seek services outside own community out of fear) Care and support (postponing or rejecting care) 3 Why focusing on S & D (cont'd…) Stigma & Discrimination affect more women and girls, MARPs in general and vulnerable people e.g. sex workers, widows, prisoners and TB patients 4 Situation of stigma & discrimination issues in Rwanda • The Government of Rwanda has classified PLHA as a priority group for prevention, care, treatment, and support (NSP, 2009-2012). • 46% males & 51% females had accepting attitudes towards stigma & discrimination (DHS, 2005) 5 Objectives of the study To collect info on Stigma & Discrimination (S&D) against members of the Network of PLHA that will help to understand & reduce S&D in the country. Specifically: – To document the various experiences of PLHA – To provide an evidence base for advocacy, policy change and programme interventions to address S&D related to HIV. 6 Methods • Used Stigma Index questionnaire (quantitative & Qualitative) Selection Criteria: • Members of PLHA Network aged 18 years & older, • Association with at least 50 members and with 2+ years old; member of the Network • Sample size: – There were about 1,500 associations of PLHA with +/- 1000 members of the Rwanda Network of PLHA – 38 Associations in total were surveyed – Random selection of 2 districts per Province 7 Methods (Cont'd…) – Estimated sample size: 1640 individuals – Purposively included all HIV+ males into sample since women formed 90% of members • Interviewed up to 1560 PLHIV individuals located in 10 districts across Rwanda • Self-reporting was the most applied approach during interviews 8 Ethics • Study approved by RBC/IHDPC & NISR Ethics Committees • Used information sheet and informed consent forms in Kinyarwanda before starting an interview • Emphasized respondent rights to freely participate in and withdraw from study • Protected identify of respondents • Interviewed participants of 18 years and older 9 Key findings outline • Demographic characteristics of PLHA • Experience of HIV-related stigma and discrimination (12 months preceding the survey) • Experience of Testing, Disclosure, Treatment and having children (12 months preceding the survey) 10 Current relationship status 11 Duration of living with HIV • Sixty-four (64%) reported to have lived with HIV within five years preceding the survey. 12 Perceived experience with HIV related stigma and discrimination • HIV was perceived as the main reason (69%) for discrimination in terms of exclusion from family activities, being gossiped about and physical harassment • Of those who experienced exclusion, 65% respondents reported exclusion from religious and family activities; • 72% of females and 70% males respectively reported exclusion from family activities and being gossiped about 13 Access to social services during 12 months preceding the study • 39% thought they lost jobs because of their HIV+ status • 66% felt obliged to stop working due to poor health 14 Internal stigma and fears • Women: Anticipation of fear of being gossiped, verbally insulted, harassed and/or threatened was higher (44%) for females than males (38%), • Men: More men (47%) than females (41%) feared that someone would not want to be sexually intimate with them because of HIV infection. 15 Internal stigma and fears (cont'd…) • 45% of respondents in total reported they felt ashamed because of their HIV+ status • The main forms of internal stigma were feelings of guilt (27%), self-blame (25%) and low self esteem (22%) 16 Rights, Laws And Policies • About 50% of respondents were aware of the Declaration of Commitment on HIV to protect rights of PLHIV • 10% thought to have been denied health insurance due to their HIV+ status 17 Effecting change • 80% said they supported other PLHA emotionally and physically • There was low knowledge (25%) of organizations that help care for PLHIV, except the network of PLHIV • about ¼ of respondents reported they had influence in policy and programmes locally & wider 18 Testing and diagnosis • 22% tested for HIV because of pregnancy • Only 4% tested to prepare for marriage/sexual relationship. • Of those who tested, 79% made a decision to test on their own and had both pre and post HIV test counselling. • 19 Disclosure & Confidentiality • 88% of men disclosed to partners while 84% of females to their children. • 60% of respondents reported "felt" pressure to disclose their HIV status from other individuals not living with HIV • ¾ reported they felt confident medical records are kept confidential • 20 Treatment • 75% had access to ARVs and treatment for opportunistic infections. • 75% discussed with a health care professional subject of HIV-related treatment options in the 12 months preceding the survey • 21 Self-reported health status associated with economic and quality of health care • 75% had access to ARVs and treatment for opportunistic infections. • 75% discussed with a health care professional subject of HIV-related treatment options in 12 months preceding the survey 22 Self-reported health status associated with economic status and quality of health care 23 Experience of having children • 88% of respondents said they had children • 77% said were advised not to have children. • Over 50% of female respondents had received ARV for PMTCT. 24 Conclusion The Stigma & Discrimination findings suggest unmet needs in terms of interventions towards empowering PLWA and increased HIV prevention, care and treatment 25 END THANK YOU 26
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Pinals, Robert S. MD
From the Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Research, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey.
Correspondence: Robert S. Pinals, MD, 18 Pickman Drive, Bedford, MA 01730. E-mail: email@example.com.
Fibromyalgia (FM) emerged as a common, chronic condition causing widespread pain in the late 20th century. Most patients are women with a lowered pain threshold, resulting in generalized tenderness, which is particularly impressive in the 18 points used for classification by the American College of Rheumatology criteria.1 In addition, there are frequent associated problems including sleep disorders, chronic fatigue, irritable bowel syndrome, cognitive impairment, headaches, and psychiatric comorbidities, such as anxiety and depression.2 FM was identified early in the 20th century as a relatively uncommon condition, "fibrositis," but there is scant evidence supporting its prior existence. This report describes a woman who appeared to have FM during the last third of the 19th century, the Gilded Age. Alice James was a member of a prominent family which included her older brothers, William, a seminal figure in the fields of psychology and philosophy and Henry, a novelist. Details of her illness can be found in her abundant correspondence with family and friends, and in the diary which she kept during the last 3 years of her life.3–5
Alice was the youngest of 5 children. Her father and 4 brothers had a lifelong obsession with chronic and recurrent health problems including depression, headaches, back pain, constipation, and dyspepsia.6,7 William and Henry had gout and angina. Her father, self-styled philosopher, and her youngest brother were chronic alcoholics. Despite a sizeable inheritance, the family led an unsettled life, moving about frequently, including European tours, in a quest for "cures" for health problems, educational opportunities, and new experiences. Consequently, the children developed close relationships within their family but few outside. The family's wandering finally ended in the fall of 1866 when they moved to Cambridge, Massachusetts where they lived for 16 years, and where William and Henry were already attending college.
On her 18th birthday, just before the move to Cambridge, Alice had onset of symptoms, which persisted for the rest of her life, with only a few brief, partial remissions. Most prominent were widespread pain, "ghastly" fatigue, insomnia, headaches, and depression. She was intolerant of exertion and refractory to all medications. She was told by physicians that she had "nervous hyperesthesia," suggesting the presence of tenderness on palpation. Although specific details of her physical examination are unavailable, many physicians would reassure her that there were no serious abnormalities. Abdominal pain was another frequently recurrent complaint. Less common episodes included facial neuralgia, fainting spells, and leg weakness, which she described as "paralysis."
After several months of persistent symptoms, Alice was referred to Dr. Charles Taylor, who had recently established an Orthopedic Dispensary in New York City. He kept a number of rooms in his own home next door for the inpatient care of his private patients, who were mainly women with "nervous disorders." Taylor had published a book entitled "Theory and Practice of the Movement Cure" in which he proposed that education of women and excessive reading by them caused overstimulation of their nervous systems, thus depriving the muscles of energy and nutrition.8 He coined the term "a bundle of nerves" to describe this pathologic emotional state. Taylor believed that his treatment program of massage, stretching, and passive exercise, using machines which he had invented, would restore muscle function and mitigate pain and fatigue. After 5 months, Alice had improved enough to be discharged, but she had a relapse after only 5 weeks at home.
During the next few years, there was a gradual improvement and Alice was allowed to accompany her aunt and brother Henry on a 5 month European tour in 1872. To Henry's amazement, Alice was "indefatigable," tolerating long walks and other physical challenges.4 However, her symptoms recurred when she was displeased with the planned activities or company.
Within a few months after returning home she complained of episodic pain and exhaustion, but was able to resume the social activities which were so important for a young woman with matrimonial expectations. As she confided to a friend, marriage "was the only successful occupation a woman would undertake."3 Although she was bright, witty, and articulate, Alice lacked the qualities which made a young woman popular in the Gilded Age. She was rather plain in appearance, was unable to make "small talk" and felt uncomfortable in the presence of men. Above all, her family fortune had dwindled alarmingly. By 1878, as Alice turned 30, many of her friends had married; when her brother William announced plans to marry a woman also named Alice, she had a severe relapse of pain, exhaustion, and depression. She was unable to attend her brother's wedding, took to her bed for several months, and spoke about suicide.3,4 When her mother died in 1882, Alice took over management of the household and care of her invalid father. Everyone marveled at her performance, but she had a complete physical and emotional collapse during his terminal illness later in the same year.
On brother William's recommendation Alice consulted a new physician in Boston, Dr. Henry H.A. Beach, a prominent surgeon at the Massachusetts General Hospital with an interest in orthopedic problems. Dr. Beach suspected an underlying cause for Alice's symptoms, and after 3 weeks of investigation concluded that "rheumatic gout" was the culprit. He suggested that "if the gout were to come out in her joints she would have no nervousness" and recommended, in the event of a future European trip, a consultation, with Dr. A. B. Garrod, England's foremost authority on gout.4
After her father's death Alice sold the Cambridge home, moved to a smaller townhouse in Boston and learned from brother William of a new approach to the treatment of hysteria and neurasthenia, both diagnoses which had been offered as explanations for her symptoms. William had read about the rest cure proposed by Dr. S. Weir Mitchell, an influential Philadelphia physician and had even met Mitchell after one of his lectures in Boston. This program was being offered at the Adams Nervine Asylum, a relatively new suburban institution for the treatment of "nervous people who are not insane."6 The attractive mansion accommodated 30 patients, all of them women; the institution's directors and medical staff were all Boston Brahmins. Alice admitted herself eagerly for 3 months of rest and freedom from all responsibilities. A few years later, Osler described details of the "rest cure," which he advocated as the only successful approach to hysteria.9 Treatment consisted of "isolation, rest, diet, massage, and electricity." The patient was "confined to bed and not allowed to get up …, read, write, or even to feed herself." The diet was limited to milk every 2 hours for the first week and "patients usually fatten rapidly as solid food is added, and with the gain, there is, as a rule, a diminution or cessation of the nervous symptoms." The "rest cure" was designed to replenish the body's supply of "fat and blood" thought necessary to generate vital biologic energy.10,11 Osler proclaimed that "the remarkable results obtained by this method are now universally recognized," but when brother Henry visited Alice after her discharge he found her better "but there has been no miraculous cure."4
A few months later Alice went to New York for a 2-month course of galvanic treatments administered by Dr. William Neftel, a Russian émigré who believed that the "accumulated products of tissue metamorphosis act in deleterious manner … producing a depressing effect upon the muscular and nervous system and a feeling of exhaustion."12 These "effete substances" could be removed from the muscles by electrical treatment and passive exercise. Alice liked the doctor whom she described as a "Russian electrician … . . who certainly, either in spite of, or because of his quackish quality has done me a good deal of good in many ways."3 However, his exorbitant fees and the lack of sustained benefit left her disillusioned once again.
In 1884, Alice had a severe exacerbation of generalized pain and exhaustion. Scarcely able to walk, she nevertheless embarked on a trip to England, in which she planned to visit her brother Henry, and also seek consultation for her illness. She improved somewhat after arrival and was able to establish her own lodgings with a nurse and servant. An appointment with Dr. Alfred Baring Garrod, who had been recommended by her physician in Boston, had highest priority. He was an eminent clinical scientist, who had clarified the pathogenesis of gout and described rheumatoid arthritis as a disorder distinct from gout.13 Alice had been told that a gouty "diathesis" was the underlying cause of her diffuse pain and had high expectations that Garrod, the ultimate authority, could outline a path to remission. However, as she described in a letter: "My doctor turned out as usual a fiasco … . I could get nothing out of him and he slipped thro' my cramped and clinging grasp as skillfully as an eel . . . . The gout he looks upon as a small part of my trouble, it being complicated with an excessive nervous sensibility, but I could get no suggestions of any sort as to climate, baths, or diet from him . . . . I got from him, however, a very thorough examination." She had been seeking a tangible diagnosis and comprehensive therapeutic regimen, but was back to square one.
Alice would remain in England for the last 8 years of her life. Consultations with other physicians were equally disappointing and she was treated with morphine for pain and bromides for insomnia. In 1886, she wrote to brother William: "Until lately every joint in my body was pierced with rheumatic pains flying from my head to my feet, from my stomach to my hands. How I should have lived without salicene, I didn't know." In 1891, a mass was discovered in her breast and she wrote: "Ever since I have been ill, I have longed for some palpable disease." Her wish was finally granted and she died of breast cancer in 1892, at the age of 44.
Alice James' illness, characterized by unexplained widespread pain, persisting throughout her adult life resembled what we now call FM. Her symptoms included many familiar FM comorbidities, such as severe fatigue, insomnia, headaches, abdominal pain, anxiety, and depression. The intensity of her symptoms and disability was often linked to stressful life events. Obsession with her illness and the vain pursuit of a cure limited her chances for a fulfilling life and for a successful literary career, which her biographers believe might have been possible.6,7 Neurasthenia and hysteria, the diagnoses most frequently offered by her physicians, were regarded as common problems during the Gilded Age, and were well described by Osler in the most popular and authoritative textbook of that era.9 More space was devoted to hysteria than to all forms of arthritis and rheumatism, suggesting that it was a very common problem.
A weakness or exhaustion of the nervous system was described by Beach, a New York physician, in 1869.14 It could affect both sexes and was often associated with headache, insomnia, moodiness, irritability, and depression. Patients might also have "spinal symptoms," including pain in the neck, back, and legs, and "spots of local tenderness." Osler found that "in women it is impossible to say whether this condition is neurasthenia or hysteria."
This condition, found primarily in women, had been recognized since ancient times, and attributed to toxic influences emanating from the uterus.15 In the 1870's, Charcot dismissed a uterine etiology, and proposed that hysteria was a neuropsychiatric condition, often triggered by physical or emotional trauma.16 Hysteria could have many diverse manifestations, including paralysis, pseudoseizures, blindness, contractures, anesthesia, and amnesia. Diagnosis was based upon a past history of emotional instability coupled with failure to demonstrate an "organic" basis for the symptoms and atypical findings on physical examination. Unexplained pain was a common hysterical feature, including localized (headache, back pain, pseudoangina) or generalized pain. Hysterical women also had tender points ("Hysterogenic spots of Richet") which were not confined to painful areas.9 A popular Gilded Age neurology textbook noted that muscular hyperesthesia was common in hysterical women.17
Charcot recognized that the symptoms of neurasthenia and hysteria had a remarkable overlap, but considered them to be distinct conditions.16 Neurasthenia, which Charcot described as "the American disease," was characterized by more symptoms than signs and was considered to be a "neurosis," a disorder without a neuropathologic basis.16
Charcot regarded these patients as "insufferable," but conceded that they represented the majority of patients in his private practice in Paris. Similar treatments were recommended for both disorders and virtually all were experienced by Alice James, including electrical stimulation, massage, passive exercise, spa therapy, and bed rest. The prevailing view in the Gilded Age was that active or aerobic exercise, which modern studies have shown to reduce FM symptoms, would be likely to aggravate neurasthenia and hysteria. Women were considered to be constitutionally unfit for sustained physical or mental exertion; those who ignored their natural limits were attempting to compete with men and risking both sickness and loss of feminine virtue.11
In the 19th century there was widespread belief that in individuals with predisposition to gout, by virtue of heredity or lifestyle, the disease might assume many different forms until a typical acute attack confirmed the diagnosis and established the regular pattern.18 This status had many names, such as suppressed, misplaced, irregular, or failed gout. It could present as pain in the back, head, chest, abdomen, throat or elsewhere, or as painless episodes, such as asthma, vertigo, seizures, hemiparesis, and as many other symptoms.
The underlying problem was a systemic acidosis, and although an alkaline diet was somewhat beneficial, remission would not occur until the onset of true gouty attacks. Attempts to induce these by immersing a foot in hot water while rapidly quaffing an alcoholic beverage were often undertaken but rarely succeeded. Garrod did not accept this concept, stating, quite in tune with modern views of gout as part of the Metabolic Syndrome: "Many of the powerful predisposing causes of gout tend likewise to produce other diseases, but these latter . . . are not necessarily gouty . . . ."13 However, belief in variant gout persisted well into the 20th century and a gouty diathesis was listed among underlying causes of fibrositis in a review by a committee of leading American rheumatologists in the 1930s.19
It is impossible to estimate how often FM was attributed to variant gout in the Gilded Age. As shown in the case of Alice James, one patient might carry several diagnoses sequentially or concurrently.
The case of Alice James is a good example of FM in the Gilded Age, but there are many others which are not as well-documented. Several diagnoses and pathogenetic explanations were offered to account for disabling, widespread pain in women, often reflecting sexist bias on the part of their male physicians. Popular therapies of that era often produced temporary relief, but seldom a sustained remission.
Figure. No caption available.
© 2009 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.
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