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Description (OCR text may contain errors)
May 18, 1965 w. B. RUGER ET AL 3,183,617
GUN BARREL MOUNTING Filed March so. 1964 FIG. 1
INVENTORS WILLIAM B. RUGER BY HARRY H SEFRIEDII AT TORN EYS United States Patent 3,183,617 GUN BARREL MOUNTING William B. Ruger and Harry H. Sefried II, Southport, Conn., assignors to Sturm, Ruger and Company, Inc, Southport, Conn., a corporation of Connecticut Filed Mar. 30, 1964, Scr. No. 355,545 7 Claims. (Cl. 42-75) This invention relates to guns, especially to small arms including hand guns, rifles and shotguns, and has for its object the provision of an improved combination of receiver and barrel which facilitates manufacture while retaining the standards of performance. It is an object of the invention to eliminate thread connections of the barrel to the receiver and the consequent time-consuming fitting and head-spacing of the barrel in the receiver relative to the breechblock.
The receiver of the invention has a barrel-1'eceiving hole, preferably cylindrical, of precise dimensions, a forward face square with the hole and a forward extension having an upwardly facing radial support surface concentric with the barrel hole and a wedge-shaped end on which is secured a locking block having converging surfaces mating with the wedge-shaped end. The barrel has a rearward or chamber-end making a snug fit in the hole, a shoulder which engages the forward face, a bearing surface which engages the support surface and a transverse slot providing a sloping surface which is engaged by the locking block to force the shoulder into pressed engagement with the forward face and the bearing surface into pressed engagement with the support surface.
The improved barrel and receiver combination of the invention makes it possible to connect a completely finished barrel with mounted sights on a completely finished receiver without making adjustments or nuu'ring the finishes. Many modern guns have aluminum alloy receivers which have anodized and dyed finishes which must be handled very carefully in the connection of the barrel. The barrel being of steel must have a different finishing treatment so that the receiver finish and barrel finish cannot be made after connection. To connect together a finished aluminum receiver and a finished steel barrel by customary practices is time-consuming and can result in injury to the finish of the receiver or the barrel. A further complication is that the sights must be located and mounted, and the bullet ramp and extractor slot located and made after fitting the barrel. The head spacing may cause a further time-consuming adjustment.
The invention makes it possible to completely finish the receiver, completely finish the barrel, including the mounting of the sights, and mount the barrel without impairing the finishes, and achieve the desired head-spacing and sight alignment. Moreover, the barrel may have a pre-formed bullet ramp and extractor slot which always assume proper alignment when the barrel is attached to the receiver.
These and other novel features of the invention will be better understood after considering the following discussion and accompanying drawings in which FIG. 1 is a fragmentary side elevation of the connecting parts of a receiver and barrel, with parts in section;
FIG. 2 is a cross-section at 22 of FIG. 1, and
FIG. 3 is a cross-section at 3-3 of FIG. 2.
The embodiment of the invention illustrated in the drawings comprises a receiver 1 of any suitable construction such as an aluminum casting having a polished, anodized and dyed finish. The receiver can have any suitable breechblock 2 which may be of the locked or blow-back types. The receiver has a precision cut bore hole 3, circular in cross-section and preferably cylindrical. The receiver has an integral extension 4, er ending for- I holes 10 and 11 respectively.
3,183,617 Patented May 18, 1965 ward of the flat transverse surface 5. The extension has a cylindrical support surface 6, concentric with the bore hole 3 and of any desired segmental size. It may be of such size as to serve merely as a shelf, for example semicylindrical, or it may be fully cylindrical. The important function of the extension is to serve as an under support or brace for the barrel. The extension has a truncated wedge end 7 having converging surfaces 8 and 9 and spaced threaded holes 10 and 11 the center lines of which are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the bore 3 and support surface 6.
The barrel 12 has a cylindrical end 13 which makes a tight or snug fit in the bore 3 and the inner surface makes functional contact with the end of the breech-block 2. The extractor slot 14 is pre-cut and makes exact alignment with the extractor 15. The cylindrical section 16 of the barrel is concentric with the longitudinal axis A of the end 13, and has a shoulder 17 which butts against the surface of the receiver.
The barrel has a transverse slot such as a cut 18 which provides an appreciable space and the sloping engaging surface 19. The locking block 21 has a V-slot 22, formed by the sides 23 and 24 the slopes of which are similar to those of surfaces 8 and 9 of the wedge end 7 and the engaging surface 19, and has two holes 25 and 26 which coincide with the holes and 11 in the extension.
The locking block 21 is mounted in the transverse slot 18 and the screws 27 and 28 are inserted through the holes and 26 and into threaded engagement with the These screws may have any suitable head such as Allen screw heads H for entering recesses in the locking block. The truncated wedge end '7 is so proportioned that surface 24 bears on the under surface 9 of the wedge end 7. The surface 8 is for clearance only. When these screws are tightened, the surface 23 of the locking block bears against the sloping engaging surface 19 on the barrel and the surface 24 bears against the surface 9. One component of force holds the shoulder 17 against the surface 5 and the other component secures the cylindrical surface 16 of the barrel in pressed contact with the support surface 6 of the extension 4. The barrel is held against upward movement of the muzzle end by the wedge end 7, the block 21, the bearing of shoulder 17 against surface 5 and by the resistance to turning offered by the engagement of part 13 in the hole 3. The barrel end is prevented from downward movement by the support of extension 4 and the close fit of part 13 in the hole 3. Surfaces 19 and 23 prevent rotation on axis A and the barrel is also held against sidewise movement by surfaces 6 and 16.
The receiver extension also provides an effective means for securing the stock 30 to the receiver. The screw 31 has a head 32 set into a recess in the stock and a threaded end in engagement with a threaded hole 33 in the extension 4. One screw could be used instead of the two screws 27 and 28. It is preferred to use two such screws because this permits the stock screw 31 to be in the center of the gun.
The barrel mounting of the invention, in its preferred embodiment, is characterized by a receiver having an accurately shaped cylindrical hole for receiving an accurate- 1y shaped cylindrical chamber-end of the barrel, and an accurately shaped cylindrical segment on a receiver extension which is concentric with the cylindrical hole. It is advantageous to construct these engaging components of the receiver and barrel with the closest practical tolerance to achieve maximum rigidity.
It is recognized that some deviations can be made from the preferred embodiment such as the use of a tapered bore in the receiver and spaced longitudinally extending ribs on the extension which support the barrel at desired points from the longitudinal vertical center. Such variations are considered to be within the scope of appended claims.
We claim:
1. The improved receiver and barrel combination for guns which comprises a hole in the receiver of circular cross-section, a forward face on the receiver exterior of the hole, a forward extension on the receiver having a support surface below the longitudinal axis of said hole which is concentric with the hole, a barrel having a chamber-end making a snug fit in said hole, a shoulder on the barrel which engages the forward face, a bearing surface on the barrel forward of the shoulder which engages the support surface on the extension, a transverse slot in the barrel providing a sloping engaging surface, and a locking block mounted on the extension, screw means for securing the locking block on the extension and in bearing contact with the sloping surface, said locking block coating with the sloping surface and extension to hold the shoulder in contact with the forward face and to hold the support surface of the barrel in contact with the support surface on the extension.
2. The improved combination as defined in claim 1 in which the forward extension has a wedge-shaped end and the locking block has an inwardly sloping surface which engages an under surface of the wedge-shaped end.
3. The improved combination as defined in claim 1 in which the extension has two spaced and threaded holes, two holes in the locking block, and two screws in said holes which secure the locking block in contact with the sloping surface and a surface of the extension.
4. The improved combination as defined in claim 1 in which the barrel has an extractor slot located with reference to said transverse slot whereby the extractor slot is in proper position when the barrel is secured as aforementioned.
5. The improved receiver and barrel combination for guns which comprises a cylindrical hole in the receiver, a forward face on the receiver exterior of said hole, a forward extension integral with the receiver having a support surface of cylindrical shape below the longitudinal axis of said hole, a barrel having a chamber-end making a snug fit in said hole, a shoulder on the barrel which engages the forward face, a cylindrical support surface on the barrel forward of the shoulder which engages the support surface of cylindrical shape on the extension, a transverse slot in the barrel providing a sloping surface, a locking block mounted on the extension, screw means for securing the locking block on the extension and in bearing contact with the sloping surface and extension, said locking block eoacting with the sloping surface and extension to hold the shoulder in contact with the forward face and to hold the support surface of the barrel in contact with the support surface on the extension.
6. The improved combination as defined in claim 5 in which the forward end of the extension has an under bearing surface, and the locking block has an upwardly facing bearing surface which engages the bearing surface of the extension.
7. The improved combination as defined in claim 5 in which the barrel has an extractor slot located with refcrence to said transverse slot whereby the extractor slot is in proper position when the barrel is secured as aforementioned.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 701,288 6/02 Browning. 2,747,313 5/56 Crittendon et al 42-75 3,014,303 12/61 Brown 4225 BENJAMIN A. BORCHELT, Primary Examiner.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No. 3,183,617 May 18, 1965 William B. Ruger .et a1.
It is hereby certified that error appears in the above numbered patent reqiiring correction and that the said Letters Patent should read as correctedbelow.
Column 3, line 18, for "coating" read coacting Signed and sealed this 5th day of October 1965.
(SEAL) Mtest:
EDWARD J. BRENNER ERNEST W. SWIDER Commissioner of Patents Mlosting Officer
Patent Citations
Referenced by
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Who in you're Opinion was or still is the best ever Superman, out of the old back in the day T.V Shows or Movies.
Or even Tom Welling from Smallville.
I think Brandon Routh from Superman Returns. Even though he has only done one Movie, i really like Him.
Either him or Christopher Reeve.

subset: commoncrawl


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Improve your skills, start on a degree, or jump into a new interest this Spring @ LTCC. Click here to apply and register!
You heard right! All currently registered students can download Microsoft ProPlus applications for free! Click here for more.
The Intensive Spanish Summer Institute (ISSI) returns to LTCC Aug. 3-7, with new classes & new ways to learn and enjoy Spanish. Click for more info!
A very generous donation will result in the Lisa & Robert Maloff University Center on LTCC's campus in Fall 2018! Click for more info on campus projects.
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LTCC, LTUSD Partner to Help Youth Chart Their Course
LTCC & the Lake Tahoe Unified School District are partnering to encourage local youth to "Get Focused Stay Focused" (GFSF) with a new program that helps them discover their goals and create a plan to achieve them. Starting in Fall 2015, high school freshmen can enroll in a class to develop their critical thinking skills and chart their life's course - and earn college credit at the same time! Click here to read all about this new program.
CA Signs Transfer Deal With Historic Black Colleges
Great news for California's community college students: an agreement has been reached that gives students the opportunity to earn a guaranteed transfer degree to nine historically black colleges and universities (HBCSs) starting in Fall 2015. Students who obtain a transfer-level AA degree with a GPA of 2.5 or higher will be guaranteed admission with junior standing. A GPA of 3.2 or higher can also mean priority consideration for housing, consideration for transfer scholarships, and pre-admission counseling. Click here to find out what schools are in the program!
Student Survey Looks at Awareness of Campus Safety
LTCC and Live Violence Free are partnering in an effort to raise awareness about campus safety and sexual assault. Students, please take this survey and tell us your thoughts on what campus safety means to you! Click here to take the survey.
Free Film Highlights Student Experience LTCC's TRiO-SSS program invites you to a free screening of the documentary film First Generation Fri., April 10 @ 6pm in the Duke Theatre. It's a personal look at the challenges and triumphs of four first-generation California college students. Click for more info.
Documenting Climate Change's Effects LTCC's Wilderness Education program welcomes you to a screening of Chasing Ice, a haunting documentary that chronicles disappearing glaciers and what their loss means to our planet. Friday, April 17 @ 6:30pm in the Duke Theatre. Click here for more details!
Celebrate National Poetry Month! The LTCC Writers' Series welcomes Nevada poets Gailmarie Pahmeier and Shaun T. Griffin on Tues. April 21 @ 7pm in the Aspen Room. They'll read selections of their works, answer audience questions, and sign copies of their books. Click here for more details.
TV Spotlight: Bond Measure Projects Part 1
TV Spotlight: Bond Measure Projects Part 2
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In 1650 Fr. David Wolfe, a native of Limerick, who had known Saint Ignatius Loyola in Rome, came to Ireland as Papal Nuncio. He established a church and school in Limerick. Fr. Wolfe himself was executed in 1588. However, the Jesuits managed to maintain their connection with Limerick through some bad times. In 1859 they opened their school in the Crescent and in 1869 their present church was opened and dedicated to the Sacred Heart. The facade dates from 1900 and the church is well decorated inside. The side altar of Our Lady of Lourdes was the first such in Ireland. In the 1960s the adjoining Crescent College was closed, and the teaching staff moved to a modern comprehensive school in the southern suburbs.
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Girls Tennis Roundup
MADISON — The Lac qui Parle Valley/Dawson-Boyd tennis team opened the Section 3A playoffs with a 5-2 victory over Pipestone on Monday.
Kylie Jahn, Kamryn Siedschlag, Molly Hacker and Ashtyn Oie all earned singles victories and the 2-doubles team of Karissa Jahn and Courtney Hanson also picked up a points for the No. 7 seed Eagles.
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How Often Is Hep B Vaccine Given
Here's a taste of what TheBody.com has to offer on this topic:
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Hep A & Hep B Vaccines to a person with Hep CWhat do you know about the viral load raising after a person with Hep C has been vaccinated against Hep A & Hep B - vaccines given at the same time 20 days before blood was drawn.
Response from Mark Holodniy, M.D., F.A.C.P., C.I.C.
Stanford University, School of MedicineWe don't have much data on this possible phenomenon. But given this happens in those infected with HIV where the HIV viral load increases after immunization, likely as a result of immune activation, it is very plausible this would occur. Read more »
antibody conversion after hep b vaccine seriesIn the begining of the year i recieved the hep b vaccine. When i got the serum antibody results... Read more »
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Adding GM-CSF to Hepatitis B Vaccine Fails to Work... People living with HIV are at risk for getting the hepatitis B virus (HBV). They also have a higher risk of HBV disease and death. And although healthy adults infected with HBV have only a Read more »
Poster Session 42405: The Effectiveness of Hepatitis B Vaccination in HIV-Infected Patients...protective antibody response is typically found in 90% of people completing the vaccine. This study looked at whether hepatitis B ("Hep B") vaccination is any less effective in patients with HIV, and whether a lower CD4 cell count was associated... Read more »
Hepatitis B Vaccine Decreases Hepatitis B Incidence in Cohort of Drug Users...Recent research from Italy showed that the incidence of hepatitis B infection decreased, due to anti-HBV vaccination, in a cohort of drug users followed over 15 years. "In the Western world," the Read more »
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Hep B Vaccine affecting ELISA?
Posted by crazy_person, 1 Reply...could cause HIV RNA levels to increase, showing an elevated viral load for up to 4-6 weeks. My question is this - would the Hep B vaccine affect the HIV ELISA causing either a false negative or a false positive result? I also read that the ELISA... Read more »
Hep Question
Posted by Anonymous, 2 Replies...I was tested neg for HIV but now I am worried about hep b cause I Am in Asia and hep b is pretty common here according to the CDC. Since I always use condoms is there reason to test Read more »
negative meia after 12 weeks. Got hep B vaccinatio
Posted by Anonymous, 3 Replies...Vaccination for Hep B, since I was not immune for that. I took that shot. Now I am very worried. I see from some websites, that with hepatitis B vaccination, it could show positive for ELISA. Is it the case? If I am seroconverting, will this shot... Read more »
Sexually transmitted diseases. TB. Hepatitis.
Posted by dsaklad, 1 Reply... b. tuberculosis, c. hepatitis B, hepatitis C, hepatitis A d. and... Read more »
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Carl F. Pollard's Caressing, winner of the Breeders' Cup Juvenile Fillies (gr. I) her championship season, has been bred to 2000 Kentucky Derby (gr. I) winner Fusaichi Pegasus and pronounced in foal. The mating took place April 21 at Ashford Stud near Versailles, Ky., about two weeks after Caressing ran third in the Bayakoa Stakes at Oaklawn Park in her last start. She has been returned to trainer David Vance at Churchill Downs. According to Bill Landes, who manages Pollard's Hermitage Farm, no decision has been reached as to a possible next start for Caressing. The return of a pregnant mare to training is rare, but not unheard of. Ten years ago, Warner L. Jones Jr., the late owner of Hermitage, returned his racemare Fit for a Queen to training after she had been bred. Fit for a Queen had run third in a Churchill Downs stakes May 1,1992, and was bred a short time later to Gulch. Fit for a Queen started in four stakes while in foal, finishing first or second in all four. She closed out her career with a victory in the Budweiser Breeders' Cup Stakes (gr. II) at Turfway Park that September and produced a colt the following year. The colt, later gelded, raced seven years, winning 11 races and earning $93,633.Fit for a Queen has produced eight registered foals, including the filly Kingsland, who was grade II stakes-placed in New York. She foaled a Red Ransom colt this year.Four-year-old Caressing (Honour and Glory--Lovin Touch, by Majestic Prince), has won five of 15 starts and earned $900,910. Bred by Brereton C. Jones, she has captured a total of five stakes.
Champion Caressing Bred to Fusaichi Pegasus; Back in Training
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While I wait for my code to finish...
So I introduced our party members last time. On the second night (and a lot of nights thereafter), there were four of us: human magic-user, human cleric, gnome illusionist thief, and me (elf fighter).
We were sort of scatterbrained (and it probably pissed off our DM), because we had SOO many things to do (clear out the kobold cave, find the decaying hand [probably hand of vecna], and other ones that I don't even know about because
I'm not entirely sure what a blog is for, but since I probably won't use mine for anything I would call "important" I'll just write a story about stuff I think is interesting and if people tell me I did good I'll write more. I don't know if theres a section for this or not yet, but I'll try to post it somewhere appropriate. The story is about a survivor who survived terrifying ordeals and is trying to write them out in a journal/diary kind of writing hoping that if he doesn't make it someday
Updated 07-16-2009 at 07:28 PM by Soft Serve
Well this coming Thursday will be the next game day for my 4e game that I am currently playing in. So I'm going to try to keep double books on HP and try out a new system for S&G.
I know that one of the main dislikes of 4e has to do with the healing surges. In a thread some months back I suggested using a an alternate to healing surges. A scheme that converts those healing surges into six hit locations. All characters have a minimum of six healing surges, and each surge is worth
The beginning of my Caves of Chaos Redux for 4e D&D. I will of course add to and refine this section as work progresses. Hopefully I should have most of it done by the end of summer.
Hells Heart is a high alpine valley surrounded on all sides by impassable cliffs. This lush, well watered valley is several miles across and contains a small fresh water lake. The lake drains out of the valley through Hells Gap, a steep narrow gorge that ends in a high waterfall.
From the boards came across the final fantasy rpg (which seems pretty darn nifty).
But if one finds it complicated, or is lazy (reading the very large source book), I am taking the initiative to find the analagous forms of what is in 4e D&D and tying it to what is found in the FFRPG.
As for races, I only focused on the races of FFX and FFXII. I think there can be a pretty straightforward translation of certain races in terms of mechanics. The fluff is the
Updated 07-28-2011 at 07:56 AM by yukonhorror


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24 Quick and Easy Knitting Patterns
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Friendship Bracelets
By: Nancy Queen for NobleKnits
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You won't be able to make just one of these cute Friendship Bracelets. This easy to knit bracelet pattern makes a perfect gift for your BFF or yourself. Customize your bracelets with buttons and beads to show off your style.
Knitting Needle Size: 9 or 5.5 mm, Double-Pointed Knitting Needles (DPNs)
Yarn Weight: (4) Medium Weight/Worsted Weight and Aran (16-20 stitches to 4 inches)
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A day before the fantasy sports industry descends on the Bay Area for the FSTA Conference, where I live by the way, there's still plenty of time for the Oracle to help you out. I'm there for you folks. With that, let's get into the batter versus pitcher data for June 16th, 2014.
* NOTE: Players are listed in alphabetical order for the sake of making them easily sortable/findable. The matchups are also generated based on Batter vs. Pitcher data. Just because a player is not listed does not mean that he is a bad or good play. The players listed below are mentioned merely because of the BVP data for the matchup.
DISH DIAMONDS – The Best Hitting Matchups of the Day
Charlie Blackmon's demise has been greatly exaggerated. He's also picked up five hits in seven at-bat against Hyun-Jin Ryu.


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Abstract available in
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Description (OCR text may contain errors)
United States Patent [72] Inventors Kenneth D. Richmond Nixa; James R. Thomas, Springfield, both of Mo. [21] Appl. No. 802,059 [22] Filed Feb. 25, 1969 [45] Patented Oct. 26, 1971 [73] Assignee Dayco Corporation Dayton, Ohio [54] METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING TRANSMISSION BELTS 4 Claims, 5 Drawing Figs.
52 U.S.Cl 156/141, 156/142,156/189,156/190,156/193,156/l94 [51] Int. Cl 132% 7/22 [50] Field ofSearch 156/139,
[5 6 References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,292,290 8/1942 Robins 156/140 X 2,538,414 l/l951 Crosby 156/141 Primary Examiner-Carl D. Quarforth Assistant Examiner-Stephen J. Lechert, Jr. Attorney-Reuben Wolk ABSTRACT: A V-belt having an arched outer surface and arched neutral axis strength cords, and the method of manufacturing the same in sleeve fonn. The belt sleeve is built in an inverted manner on a drum having arched grooves on the surface and cut after curing along cut lines spaced in accordance with the groove spacing.
INVENTORS KENNETH D. RICHMOND JAMES R. THOMAS METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING TRANSMISSION BELTS Conventional transmission belts of V-type have an outer section placed in tension as the belt passes'around a pulley and an inner section placed in compression, and between these sections there is normally a neutral axis section comprising a cord which is continuously wound in a helical manner. One method of making such belts has consisted of applying a layer of elastomeric material to a cylindrical drum, applying the reinforcing cord and then the outer layer of elastomeric material. The cylindrical mass thus formed is cured and cut into individual belt bodies. This provides a series of belts having cut or raw driving edges or sides in which the inner and outer transverse surfaces and the cord layer are all parallel, as viewed in an transverse section.
With the advent of new materials employed in power transmission belts, the strength of these belts has been considerably increased. This increased strength, however, may be made available for increased power transmission only if the belt may be firmly held relative to the pulleys. In the case of V-belts, so called because of their trapezoidal cross section, the belt is held against slipping in the pulley by the wedging action of the trapezoidal belt in the V-shaped groove of the pulley. it is apparent that the deeper the belt is wedged in the pulley groove the more firmly it will be held. it is also apparent that as this wedging action takes place, lateral stresses are applied to the side-driving faces of the belt and will tend to result in its lateral deformation. Such deformation on the other hand, will result in a loss of the wedging effect and the attendant loss of the firm hold of the pulley on the belt. The problem then is to increase the resistance of the belt to lateral deformation. This problem is particularly prominent in the case of variable speed belt drives incorporating pulleys of variable pitch diameters obtainable by varying the spacing between the opposed faces of the pulley groove where stresses tending to cause lateral deformation take place as the opposed faces of the pulley groove are forced together usually under the action of a spring. Thus it will be seen that the present invention finds special utility in V-belt drives involving excessive loads or power transmission requirements, as well as in variable speed drives.
To achieve the desired lateral stability, various expedients have been employed in the prior art. Among these have been the formation of the belt in the shape of an arch in order that its mass will be most advantageously located for resisting any lateral deformation. Such a construction is shown in US. Pat. No. 2,417,512, but the full potential inherent in the arched design was not realized by even the inventor of this earlier patent. The earlier designs have not lived up to expectations because of collapse or buckling of the belt about its longitudinal axis, stress concentrations at the points of such buckling, and the inability of such belts to maintain a fixed position in the pulley groove in the case of variable speed drives where rigid control of the operating pitch diameters is required.
The invention provides a raw edge V-belt having an outer surface that is arched in the transverse direction, and has a neutral axis cord layer that is also arched and parallel to the outer surface. For the first time it is possible to build such a belt with raw (unwrapped) edges in sleeve form and to cut the individual belts after curing. This is done by building up the belt sleeve in inverted manner on a drum which has the arched contours built into it. The sleeve is cured and removed, and the individual belts are cut with the sleeve inverted. The resultant belt is highly resistant to rollover and flip-off.
The invention is further described in the following specification and drawings, in which:
FIG. I is a sectional view of a belt sleeve assembled on a building drum.
FIG. 2 is an elevational view in partial section illustrating the method of curing the belt.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view further illustrating the relationship of the belt sleeve and the curing apparatus.
FIG. 4 is an elevational view in partial section illustrating the process of cutting the belts after curing.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view in partial section illustrating the finished belt.
Referring to the drawings, the belt is built up in the form of a sleeve in a more or less conventional'manner by assembling layers of material on a building drum 10. The drum, however, is somewhat unusual in that the outer surface thereof instead of being cylindrical is formed with a series of concave arched grooves 11 with the grooves extending completely around the periphery of the drum. A belt layer I2, which is the tension section, is wrapped around the outer surface of the drum. Upon this layer is spun a layer of cord 13 which may be made of nylon, polyester, rayon, cotton, glass fibers, or other conventional cord material. The cord will achieve the same general arched configuration which is created by the grooves 11 and followed by the layer 12, the spacing of the cords being maintained by a slight pressure of these cords into the layer 12. An outer layer of rubber 14, which becomes the compression section of the belt, is then applied around the cord. The layers 12 and 14 may be of any natural or synthetic rubber well known in the belt building art. The exact method of applying the layers and the cord is also well known in the art as, for example, described in US. Pat. No. 3,188,254.
The drum l0 and the completed assembly described above are then placed within a belt-curing apparatus, which is typically illustrated in FIG. 2. Reference numeral 15 designates a cylindrical heating chamber well known in the belt-vulcanizing art, in which the drum and sleeve assembly are to be placed. The chamber has a bottom 16 and a cover 17 which close off the chamber. The cover is pivoted at hinge 18 for opening and closing and may be locked to a flange 19 by means of a bolt 20. Steam may be brought into the chamber by two separate inlets 21 and 22 so that steam is applied at different pressures to the interior and exterior of the drum which is shown in position. An outer cylindrical rubber member 23 is placed around the outside of the assembled belt-building materials and the steam is brought to the exterior of the mold and to the interior of the mold through inlet 26, thus creating a differential pressure against the outer surface of the member 23. This provides sufiicient pressure to force the arched shape of the member 14 into a flat shape as shown in FIG. 2. Upon completion of the proper curing cycle the completed sleeve designated as 28 will still maintain the arched inner configuration but will have a cylindrical outer surface as better shown in FIG. 3.
The drum 10, together with the sleeve 28, is then removed from the curing apparatus. The sleeve is removed from the drum 10, which is built so that it can collapse as described in US. Pat. No. 2,661,579 which also illustrates a typical cutting mechanism used for cutting the belts from the sleeve. The sleeve is placed on a cutting drum 29, which has a thick resilient rubber cover 32. The individual belt bodies are cut by means of cutter 30 moving along the broken lines illustrated. The bodies are cut from the sleeve in the inverted position shown, the ends of each arch forming the ends of the belt. This is accomplished by indexing and may be done by a mechanism such as described in the above-referenced patent. The cut belt bodies are removed from the cutting drum and inverted to form the individual belts designated by reference numeral .31 as shown in FIG. 5.
1n accordance with the above invention it is possible for the first time to manufacture an arched belt from a sleeve, with the desirable results described above. Although the belt is shown throughout as having a plain inner surface, it should be noted that this may be of the cog type as well by making changes in the mold during vulcanization. lt should also be noted that, if desired, the finished raw edge belt may be wrapped if the use of a wrapping or cover is required for specific uses. Other modifications may be made within the scope of the invention.
We claim:
1. A method of manufacturing arched V-belts comprising the steps of forming an annular belt sleeve comprised of con centric layers of uncured rubber and cord around a building a second layer of rubber around said cord.
3. The method of claim 1 in which said curing step forces the outer surface of said sleeve into a cylindrical configuration.
4. The method of claim I in which said cutting step occurs in planes which intersect the ends of the arched grooves.
III =l l
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Fire Emblem: Radiant Dawn Cheats for Nintendo WiiHome / Nintendo Wii /
This page contains Cheats for Fire Emblem: Radiant Dawn organized by sections for Nintendo Wii. Fire Emblem: Radiant Dawn is a Strategy Turn-Based game, made by Intelligent Systems, released on Nov 5, 2007 and published by Nintendo. If you can't find a hint or secret in our list, then please check this page periodically for the latest updates.
- Developer:
Fire Emblem: Radiant Dawn Nintendo Wii CheatsIntelligent Systems
- Publisher: Nintendo
- Genre: Strategy Turn-Based
- Release Date: Nov 5, 2007
- ESRB: Everyone 10+
These are unlocked upon the completion of the game.....From: El Presidente
Unlockable Characters:...From: Jonathan f
Go to the bottom right of the screen. There will be a healing jar. Go to the left platform next to the healing jar and wait on it. Immediately afterwards, a message will appear stating that you have f...From: valseviltwin
Stuck on this game? Set a specific, clearly defined question and let others answer your question or view answers to previously asked questions. If you think you are an Fire Emblem: Radiant Dawn expert then please try to help others with their questions.
Cabela's African Adventures - Gameplay Video
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- Feb 1, 2015, Views: 71
Donkey Kong Barrel Blast - Gameplay Review Trailer
- Dec 19, 2014, Views: 219
- Dragon Quest 10: Mezameshi Itsutsu No Shuzoku Online, (Wii)
- Drop Zone: Under Fire, (Wii)
- Meine Ersten Mitsing-Lieder, (Wii)
- Let's Sing 2015, (Wii)
- PSA World Tour Squash, (Wii)
- Cartoon Network: Backlot Party, (Wii)
- The Penguins Of Madagascar, (Wii)
- The Voice: I Want You, (Wii)
- The Misshitsukara No Dasshutsu, (Wii)
- Germany's Next Topmodel 2011, (Wii)
- How To Train Your Dragon 2 - Ready To Fly Trailer, (Wii)
- Monster High 13 Wishes: The Official Game - We Are Monsters Trailer, (Wii)
- Power Rangers Samurai - Gameplay, (Wii)
- Ben 10: Omniverse 2 - Defeat The Incurseans Trailer, (Wii)
- The Ultimate Battle Of The Sexes - Official Trailer (PAL), (Wii)
- Project Zero 2: Wii Edition - Shinku no Chou - Story Trailer (English Subs), (Wii)
- Neo Turf Masters - Gameplay Video, (Wii)
- One Piece Unlimited Cruise: Episode 2 - Gameplay, (Wii)
- The Voice: I Want You - Gameplay Review Trailer, (Wii)
- Just Dance 2015 - Jessie J Gameplay, (Wii)
- FIFA 15 - Tutorial Celebrations Trailer, (Wii)
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- WWE '13 - The Rock VS John Cena, (Wii)
- I Spy: Spooky Mansion - Entering The House - Start Of Game, (Wii)
- The Sims 3 - Trailer, (Wii)
- Go Vacation - Official Trailer, (Wii)


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At its annual general meeting held on Monday, the Toy Industry Association (TIA) announced the election of three new members to the TIA Board of Directors for two-year terms of office expiring in February of 2017. Nominated to serve their first terms on the TIA Board were Kerry Cunnion, senior vice president of sales at Tomy International; Howard Kahn, chairman of Madame Alexander and CEO of Kahn Lucas; and Bruce Raiffe, president of Gund. [Read more...]
Toy Industry Association (TIA) Elects New Leadership at Annual General Meeting
Gund Creates New Line of Pusheen Products
Gund is bringing feline Internet sensation Pusheen to life in a new line of plush. The chubby gray tabby cat, known for her love of cuddles, snacks, and dress-up, was one of the seven original Facebook sticker sets. [Read more...]
Gund Adds to Its Core Line and Licensed Properties
This year, Gund is expanding several popular licensed product lines with new characters, costumes, and formats. Licenses include Sesame Street; Peter Rabbit; Boo, the World's Cutest Dog; Grumpy Cat; Curious George; and Uglydoll. The expansions include backpack clips and sound toys for Peter Rabbit, and wearable scarves, hats, and earmuffs for Grumpy Cat. [Read more...]
Gund Expands Its BabyGund Line by More than 50 Items
Gund opens the year by adding more than 50 new products to its babyGund line, including a full range of plush, rattles, huggybuddies, and more based on its monkey character, Nicky Noodle, and its Bubbles the elephant. There will also be animal toys featuring hedgehogs, owls, and colorful dinosaurs, as well as new dolls with super-soft and distinctive rose-swirl fabric. [Read more...]
TIA Considers Three for Board of Directors
The Toy Industry Association (TIA) nominating committee has submitted candidates for consideration by the membership, for election to the association's board of directors. Successful candidates would serve a two-year term expiring at the annual meeting in 2017.
The proposed board members are: Bruce S. Raiffe, president of Gund; Howard Kahn, CEO of Kahn Lucas; and Kerry Cunnion, senior vice president of sales of Tomy International. Additional nominations, made in writing and signed by no less than 10 percent of the TIA's membership, may be submitted to TIA President Carter Keithley at email@example.com no later than January 16.
Raiffe, Kahn, and Cunnion would fill the seats of retiring board members Joel Berger of Cardinal Industries Inc.; Peter Henseler of Tomy International; and D. Hugo Malan of Sears Holdings Corp.
The election of new board members will occur during the TIA Annual Business Meeting that will convene at 8 a.m. on February 16, in conjunction with North American International Toy Fair at the Jacob K. Javits Convention Center. The meeting is open to all stakeholders of the toy industry—both members and non-members.
Gund Brings Pusheen Web Comic to Life with New Plush Line
Pusheen, the chubby tabby cat who originated as an animated web comic, has been brought to huggable, plush life thanks to a partnership with Gund.
The first Pusheen plush will be available in 6- and 12-inch sizes at heychickadee.com. An expanded general release, including additional plush formats and designs as well as hard goods, is planned for next year.
Macy's Holiday Arcade to Offer Toys from Build-A-Bear, Madame Alexander, Gund, and More
Macy's will be introducing the Holiday Arcade, in-store gifting shops offering customers an eclectic assortment of distinctive and playful options for their holiday shopping lists. These shops will launch at six Macy's locations between late October and mid-November:
- Macy's South Coast Plaza in Costa Mesa, Calif.
- Macy's Union Square in San Francisco, Calif.
- Macy's Dadeland in Miami, Fla.
- Macy's State Street in Chicago, Ill.
- Macy's Herald Square in New York, N.Y.
- Macy's Center City in Philadelphia, Pa.
The Holiday Arcade at five locations including Macy's South Coast Plaza, Macy's Union Square, Macy's State Street, Macy's Herald Square, and Macy's Center City will be home to exclusive Build-A-Bear Workshop shop-in-shops. Visitors will have the opportunity to customize Build-A-Bear stuffed animals, as well as licensed products such as figures from Disney's Frozen and Marvel's superheroes. [Read more...]
COMMENTARY: Happy National Teddy Bear Day!
by Christine Duhaime and Phil Guie
Life—or childhood, at least—would have been simply un-bear-able without teddy bears, am I right? What other toy so effectively soothes us when we're unhappy, or makes for a truer companion on picnics, tea parties, and other adventures? And since this is an industry blog, we should also point out that teddy bears are a perennial seller among audiences of all ages: Toddlers may receive them for their first toys, but so do young adults as college graduation presents; and grown-ups as birthday gifts, Valentine's Day tokens, and souvenirs. [Read more...]
COMMENTARY: Endangered Species Toys Can Help Raise Environmental Awareness
Animal-themed toys are nothing new, but in recent months, I've been noticing a focus on endangered species. Shortly after Toy Fair 2014, BeginAgain released its Balance Boat: Endangered Animal Edition, a stacking toy featuring rubberwood versions of the panda, rhinoceros, tortoise, and more. Meanwhile, Green Tones by Hohner put out Endangered Animal Shakers, beautifully carved rubberwood musical toys that depict an owl, leopard, and turtle.
And on the plush front, Wild Republic has added vulnerable species such as the Siberian Tiger to its Cuddlekins line. Last but not least, Gund and Cuipo have collaborated on stuffed animals based on the endangered sun bear, emperor monkey, and three-toed sloth, among others. [Read more...]
Cuipo and Gund Join Forces to Save Endangered Rainforests
The lifestyle brand Cuipo is teaming up with Gund for a new line of stuffed animals. For every stuffed animal sold, one square meter of endangered rainforest is saved. The partnership between Cuipo and Gund is intended to show kids how they can help care for the Earth.
The line includes Sly, a squirrel monkey; Sampson & CoCo, a sun bear and coconut, respectively; Cezar the emperor monkey; Steve, a three-toed sloth; and Tiko the toucan.


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A Certified Addiction Drug and Alcohol Counselor can work in inpatient as well as outpatient centers, as well as with colleges, job corps, correction facilities or in any place that deals with chemically addicted individuals. These counselors may do either one-on-one or group therapy sessions. They may have to screen individuals for placement in a treatment program and do preliminary assessments on addiction related conditions. Individuals seeking a job as a certified drug and alcohol counselor must have a Bachelor's degree, at the very least, and be certified and/or licensed in the state where they are seeking employment.Read More...
The counselor must have excellent communication skills, both oral and written. They should have experience in dealing with people from all different racial and socioeconomic backgrounds. Counselor will need to formulate and implement treatment programs, sometimes after interviewing the patient as well the patient's family and other loved ones. Data entry skills are required as the counselor will need to type progress reports and possibly maintain open lines of communication with state or other local agencies, depending on the capacity of their employment. They should have a working knowledge of 12 step programs as well as alternative programs. Counselors should keep themselves up to date with new educational material and programs.
Hours on this job vary depending on place of employment. Weekends and holidays may be mandatory if a counselor is on call.
If in recovery, the Counselor will be required to have been clean and/or sober for any length of time requested by the employer. A criminal background check will be performed as well as a credit check. They should possess between 1-3 years experience working in their field, as a minimum.
Certified Addiction Drug and Alcohol Counselors report a focused set of job skills. Those who have experience with Group Therapy, Counseling, and Case Management can expect to be compensated well for these skills. Skills that pay less than market rate include Case Management. Most people familiar with Case Management also know Group Therapy.
Median of all compensation (including tips, bonus, and overtime) by years of experience.
Experience does not seem to be a strong driver of pay increase in this role. Salaries for the relatively untried average out to around $31K, but survey participants with five to 10 years of experience earn a significantly higher median of $36K. The average pay reported by folks with 10 to 20 years of experience is around $40K. Certified Addiction Drug and Alcohol Counselors who surpass 20 years on the job report pay that isn't as high as one would expect; the median compensation for this crowd sits around $42K.
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Comment: Re:Steve Jobs's disdain for the medium. (Score 3, Insightful) 205
Medium meaning requiring a tuner for broadcast/cable/satellite which is a horrible user experience.
Jobs was seeing the future of internet streams.
We've improved Slashdot's video section; now you can view our video interviews, product close-ups and site visits with all the usual Slashdot options to comment, share, etc. No more walled garden! It's a work in progress -- we hope you'll check it out (Learn more about the recent updates).
Medium meaning requiring a tuner for broadcast/cable/satellite which is a horrible user experience.
Jobs was seeing the future of internet streams.
Does that really make it easier? Seems like it just exchanges one problem for another. You might know what "time" it is everywhere, but you don't know when they're working, sleeping, etc."
You don't know that now.
You just assume that everyone is on your schedule.
Do you remember the daily show back when it was run by Craig Kilborn?
Craig who?
That's probably the goal, the new MBA generation from the baby boomers....
Sun Microsystems was madly hiring MBA's after the dot-com-bust to save the company.
Seriously? Who writes this stuff?
The CIA.
I live in Canada (near the border), I have P.O. Box on the U.S. side and I have a bank account in a U.S. bank. I had no trouble opening it, and I use it to pay for many purchases I make from the U.S. (I can often get much better travel deals through sites like Priceline when I use a credit card with a U.S. billing address.)
So, I don't know what difficulty you're alluding to.
Interesting statement considering that U.S. banks don't allow accounts to be set up with PO Box addresses.
It doesn't need to be. It's still a history lesson. Not many young people would know that in the past you'd actually call a library to ask them questions. Heck, I'm 30 and I would have never considered calling them!
Of course only before the 70s did they actually answer the phone. Then came the tape players that just played a recording of the library hours.
>So why give up a morally superior position to "fight" people who pose almost no threat to anyone outside their own countries?
And 15 years ago I bought a massive 2GB drive for $350.
4 years ago I bought a few 2TB drives for $69 each.. Then the prices sky rocketed and still haven't come back down to that price.
The smart guys can really screw us!
All coders are smart?
Money will say more in one moment than the most eloquent lover can in years.


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Wed March 14, 2012
Transportation Bill Gathers Bi-Partisan Support
The Senate is on the verge of passing a highway bill. It would spend more than $100 billion on the nation's roads in two years. The bill is expected to pass with bi-partisan support. But it's had an unusual and controversial path.


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Age: 16
School: Sidwell Friends School
Position: Goalie
June 26: "Soccer is an important part of my identity. I'm hoping we can help the (South African) girls feel good about themselves in the same way."
PHOTO: Ricky Carioti - The Washington Post; AUDIO: Lindsay McCullough - washingtonpost.com
PRINT EDITOR: Laura Sessions Stepp - The Washington Post; WEB EDITOR: Stacey Palosky - washingtonpost.com
INTERACTIVE: washingtonpost.com


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See how the couple has taken their romance on the road, from snuggles in South Africa to getaways in Spain
Credit: Trautmann/WENN
Updated: Thursday Jul 11, 2013 | 10:00 PM EDT By: Kiran Hefa
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Blog Posts in Category: disaster
April 8, 2014
The American Public Health Association's National Public Health Week, taking place this April 7th- 13th, emphasizes the importance of ensuring that you, your family, and your community are equipped during emergencies and disasters. When in times of crisis or disaster, it is only humane for us to feel a sense of panic or fear when dealing with difficult situations. The best and most effective way to deal with unpredictable, non-preventable disasters and emergencies is to ensure that you and... Read More
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3 Tips for Commuter and Transfer Students If you are a commuter student or a transfer student,... Read more
A Challenge from Healthy UNH Intern: Katelyn In an age where students are constantly on the go... Read more
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The Whitehouse
Thursday, 7th April 2005 by Alex Turnbull
Here's the Whitehouse, complete with 'national security protection' (some quick Photoshopping…)
Thursday, 7th April 2005 by Alex Turnbull
Here's the Whitehouse, complete with 'national security protection' (some quick Photoshopping…)
back up one notch and look. it almost looks like it is in a partial pentagram, and are those devil horns? hmmmmm. fitting depending on your political view. or maybe it's just me seeing things.
A funny picture that is similar in theme can be seen in kokogiak's flickr photostream. It made me laugh.
I think it's a Masonic thing… there's also a Maltese cross over to the right a little bit.
What's really odd is that the capital to the right.. it's blurred. What a shame we live in country thats so scared of everything.
Does anybody know what is this blurred out area NE from the White House?
That's NW of the White House, not NE. I believe it's the vice president's residence.
Yup, that's the Naval Observatory off Massachusetts Ave., where the VP's residence is.
Wow… Blurring 'sensitive' areas out can really help a terrorist pinpoint his target.
They just don't want you to be able to snipe the snipers that they have positioned on every-other roof in that whole town…
If you'd like to see what it looked like in 1988 (and in black and white with a big seam running down the middle), check this out:
Yeah.. masonic thing.. even the pentagram pointing at the whitehouse
and some other things
googling: pentagram washington should reveal some more
Heh, I'm mildly amused that various key locations in Washington DC are blurred out, but your friendly neighbors to the north have our Parliament Hill / Google Earth left in plain sight. Thanks guys, thanks…
Oddly, even though the Federal office bldg and its identical twin, the Treasury department bldg on the other side of the white house, have been crudely photoshopped over with olive-colored blockiness that don't even accurately depict the shapes of the buildings, the deep wells/atriums of the buildings seem to have been given the lo-res treatment, since the details inside them are visibly choppier and blurrier than they should be.
For comparison, check out this pic of the white house which shows its roof, also shows the old Federal office bldg next door…. clearly, the rooftops shown in the satellite pics have no basis whatsoever in reality:
I can't understand what they have to hide by giving the low-res treatment to Observatory Circle, since it's already well mapped anyway and has been for many, many years.
Interestingly, however, the Pentagon imagery seems not to have monkeyed around with.
For some reason, the Supreme Court building doesn't get the same protection as the other two branches of government…
The crude Photoshopping was not done in an effort to obscure potential terrorist targets, it's been done to obscure various sensors and weapon systems on the roofs. Top Secret type stuff, ya know.
Also capitol seems to be blurred. I've looked closely and the all the buildings here seem to have been built following a certain geometric form. I can see alot of roads shaping triangles around the capitol. Check it
Well, the capol has been unblurred and the white house unphotoshopped on google Earth.
yeah, it does look blurred. but maybe that was the plane or satellite.
Pedro, All of the buildings that you see blurred out around the capitol are all SENATE and REP Offices. That is the Rayburn, and so on building, 2 are senate office and the others are for the house of rep…
In short, the capitol and the offices of the capitol are blurred out.
Just tu add that since Google Maps got an add'l level of zoom, all those sensitive buildings are in plain sight. For instance : View Placemark / Google Earth
The Gov't must have finally understood the images were already easily available elsewhere on the net.
The images at Terraserver-usa.com are still photoshopped…It seems pretty pointless at this point since they are openly available at Google and other places on the net.
Anyway, why can't I see the OUTSIDE of the Whitehouse, but the Whitehouse can see INSIDE my private phone records?
Can somebody explain clearly how you know the picture has been photoshopped? and what precisely has been altered? thank you
Here at Google Sightseeing we love a chance to create a post about the scenic wonders of Norway1. Today we…
Google Street View may be ever-expanding in its reach, but it's still a long way from covering the entire world. There are numerous services that not only offer their own street-level imagery but have beaten Google to the punch in numerous cities around the globe. That got us wondering just what we're missing from other sites over here at Google Sightseeing, so join us as we take a two-part tour of street-level imagery in places Street View hasn't reached yet!
Known as site of one of the most pivotal naval battles in history, today Midway Atoll strikes an odd balance between its military past and its tropical paradise locale. It's also one of the most remote places ever visited by Google Street View.


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Hey guys. I banged up my new truck this weekend. I started a thread to find out about the damage.
A lot good information about the differences in skids was brought up. I am going to compile a list of all the aftermarket skids I can find and the differences in coveraged and price. I wish I would have researched more before I purchased my allpro skids. I will compile the list and links this week but one think I would like from you guys is reviews of your skids that I can put in the top section and pictures of them.
Lots of good info to follow, I promise.
Under construction
AllPro offroad
Cost: $219 Bare $269 Painted
All-Pro's 05+ Toyota Tacoma IFS Skid Plate provides maximum protection for your Tacoma's vulnerable IFS third member and steering components. Fabricated from CNC laser cut, precision brake-formed 3/16" plate steel, this skid provides the strength you need without weighing your Tacoma down. Uses factory hardware for easy bolt-on installation. Compatible with stock bumper. Ditch that factory skid plate and get the protection you need in order to have fun and peace of mind on the trails! Add our other skids for even more coverage!
Cost $99
Not only does All-Pro Off Road offer IFS protection, we also offer protection for your transmission, transfer case & exhaust cross over pipe. For the ultimate protection before you hit the trail, be sure to get your Tacoma skid plates today. Provides strength without limiting vital ground clearance.
Transfer Case
Cost $299
It's obvious that extra protection is needed when traversing vigorous trails that are beating up your Tacoma. All-Pro's heavy-duty Transfer Case/Exhaust Skid Plate protects your transfer case and exhaust cross over pipe from getting smashed by the rocks on the trail. The skid plate is made out of heavy-duty 3/16" steel plate that is mounted to 1.5" x .120 wall round steel tubing which extends to the frame rails with bolt-on backing plates. This innovative design essentially spreads the load from any impact to the frame instead of to the transfer case, which as we know is a vital (and costly) component in four-wheeling.
With this easy to install bolt-on application you'll be protected and ready to hit the trails in no time. This product has it all: function, fit and performance.
-->"Allpro skids are reasonably priced and offer adequate coverage when compared to other aftermarket skids. They will protect your truck from lots of damage and bolt on easy. They offer lots of clearance but because of the high clearance there are places to get hung up on if you plan on sliding on your belly. Their service is great. Ryan will hook you up with what you need." – mademan925
-->"I'm running All-Pro skids on my truck. I have the ifs & trans skid installed and the transfer case & E-locker guard sitting in my garage. I don't have any complaints about any of them. If anything the ifs skid has paid for itself several times over." - 05aztacoma
Budbuilt IFS
Cost $289 bare $329 Painted
Replaces the stock thin sheet metal skid with 3/16" thick LASER cut steel, CNC press brake formed beef! Bolts on to existing mounting points with no welding or fabricating required. Recessed, flat head and carriage bolts give a nice smooth bottom. Rocks, stumps, and lesser vehicles have nothing to catch on. Edges are formed for strength and rigidity with gaps to allow for ease of cleaning and mud removal.
Transmission Skid
Cost $249
05+Taco, Mid Skidplate bolts on to existing mounting points with no welding or fabricating required. Recessed, flat head and carriage bolts give a nice smooth bottom. Only a small drain hole for changing oil interrupts that smooth surface. Rocks, stumps, and lesser vehicles have nothing to catch on. Edges are formed for strength and rigidity with gaps to allow for ease of cleaning and mud removal.
Transfer Case
Cost $239
--> "I'm very happy with them"... "My BudBuilt skids provide a continuous skid from the front to a few inches behind the transfer case." - DoorDing
--> "I chose the BudBuilts because they cover the LCA's, which AllPro does not. And a nice smooth surface from front to back" - MonkeyFace
Armor tech offroad
Cost $266
Replace your weak stock skid pan with this ¼inch thick skid plate. This skid plate has been engineered to take all of the abuse off roading will throw at it and protect your engine and front differential from those pesky rocks and logs. The skid plate starts at the front cross member and covers all the way to behind the front differential for maximum coverage. There are 6 mounting points to hold the skid plate securely in place. Additionally there is an access hole for the engine oil drain plug so there is no need to remove your skid plate to change your oil. This plate is laser cut and CNC bent from high quality American steel and ready to protect your truck from the trail ahead.
Cost $144
This skid plate has been engineered to fit 2005 - 2013 Toyota Tacomas and take all of the abuse off roading will throw at it and protect your Transmission from those pesky rocks and logs. The skid plate starts at the back of the Armor Tech Front Skid Plate and covers to the transmission cross member. There are 5 mounting points to hold the skid plate securely in place. This plate is laser cut and CNC bent from high quality American steel and ready to protect your truck from the trail ahead. The Transmission skid requires the use of the Armor Tech Offroad Front Skid Plate.
Transfer Case
Cost $289
This skid plate has been engineered to provide maximum protection for your 2005 and newer Tacoma transfer case. This skid plate is made from 3/16 inch American made steel that has been precision laser cut and CNC formed for a perfect fit every time. The skid comes completely bolt on, including a heavy duty rear support cross member. Relocating the stock exhaust crossover tube is required to fit this skid plate.
--> IFS is "pretty beefy and havent really wheeled with it on yet but it is strong enough to jack the whole front end of the truck up from it and not even be phased by it. It's also one heavy mother I used a jack to hold it in place while I installed it. Overall from what I've done with it I'm happy with it I feel as if I could take a few rocks to the center and not be phased by it." - MO13
--> "The front is a beast. 1/4 inch and it will support the truck. It has a nice smooth bend to it so lesser vehicles and pedestrians don't get caught up under there. I've smacked it a few times - and put a nice gouge in it - didn't even flinch. The mid plate mates up nicely and is a piece of cake to install. A++ would skidplate again." - Monkeyboy
--> " I have a ATO for the front. The fit is perfect, I like how much wider it is over some of the others and I would recommend the 1/4" thickness for anybody that is wheeling around rocks as mine does have a small dent and I try not to beat on it." -mach1man001
RCI metalworks
Cost: $185 bare $220 Painted
Protect your 2nd Gen Tacoma with an RCI Metalworks front skid plate. This plate protects and provides full coverage of the front of the truck including the front two crossmembers, front differential, and oil pan. Also, our products will not interfere with oil changes or routine maintenance as all necessary service openings are built into the plates. Built in drain holes serve two functions, allowing water and mud a way to drain out as well as extra cooling and heat dissipation from under the truck. Without these the plates will trap and accumulate mud and rocks.
Cost $165
Protect your 2nd generation Tacoma from costly underbody damage with an RCI Metalworks transmission skid plate. An excellent addition to your vehicle, or replacement for the cheap and extremely light duty oem skid plates, which do not provide coverage over full transmission. These plates are CNC cut and brake formed to protect your second and third crossmembers, and transmission. Edges are formed between crossmembers to provide maximum strength and rigidity. Integrates seamlessly with our front and t-case skid plates for an unobstructed smooth undercarriage surface. Service holes are integrated into design for easy maintenance without removal of plates
Transfer Case
Cost $200
Protect your 2nd generation Tacoma from costly underbody damage with an RCI Metalworks transfer case skid plate. An excellent addition to your vehicle, or replacement for the cheap and extremely light duty OEM skid plate, which only attaches to the t-case itself. This means any impact will not be dispersed elsewhere, rendering the plate useless. RCI skid plates are CNC cut and brake formed to protect your third crossmember, transfer case, and exhaust crosspipe. Edges are formed between crossmembers to provide maximum strength and rigidity. Integrates seamlessly with our front and t-case skid plates for an unobstructed, smooth undercarriage surface. Our transfer case skid plate includes a heavy duty 3/16" steel welded crossmember for maximum strength
Relentless Fabrication
Cost $289 Bare $339 Painted
Our beefy IFS skid is CNC cut and CNC formed from 3/16" steel plate for a precise fit and great protection. Has a hole cut for access to oil drain plug for oil changes. Skid mounts to front crossmember, and protects the oil pan, front diff and steering rack. The skid is also wide enough to give some LCA alignment tab protection that some other skids leave vulnerable.
Cost $219
Made from 3/16" steel just like the standard IFS skid. This mid skid protects the transmission and catalytic converters from trail damage and would-be thieves.
Transfer Case
Cost $329
One of the most vulnerable parts to the 05+ 4wd Tacoma is the low hanging factory transfer case.
Some extra protection is a must if you take your truck off-road, and Relentless Fab is here to help with our beefy transfercase skid. Precision made from CNC cut and formed 3/16" steel, this skid can prevent thousands in damage. Skid protects not only the transfer case, but also the low hanging exhaust cross over pipe that can easily get flattened.
-->"I have a Relentless IFS skid plate. I installed it before a lift or tires and lost some ground clearance. With the loss of about 1", I dragged a lot going up to my camp. After 1.5 miles of rubs and hits the skid still looks brand new. Great product, I highly recommend them!" - WLFFGreg
-->"The crossover accommodation never worked with my exhaust because it was so bent. Should have just down the crosseover from the bgining and flatbellied. Did it after. All in all install went pretty smoothly, and everything is holding on so far. Skids are great, lots of coverage all around. Definitly take a beating. " - tacoma16
--> "My transmission and transfer case are by Relentless. I ordered these because I didn't want to reroute my exhaust. I knew going in that they may not fit the ATO so if anybody else is going to mate these I would recommend that you order one (either the IFS or Transmission) of the skids without the holes where the two skids mount (I forgot and had to work on making the holes match up and now they are a little big). Also I used a piece of 2"x2'x1/4" as a filler between them as they were just a bit too short. Overall I am very happy with the trans skid protection and the way it mounts.
The last one is the transfer case skid and this one by far this is the one that I had the most problems with. Keep in mind this is one Relentless skid to another but when I first got it and tried to install it I noticed that it was never going to be able to mount because the rear most relief for the exhaust was not nearly deep enough coming out the back of the skid. So I took it down and cut it down an inch to see if it fit. I was able to install it then but it still was touching the pipe so I took it down to cut away even more. After that I installed it and started my truck only the hear it rattle like crazy. Looking around more I realized that the relief for the exhaust hanger was not deep enough and was touching. So I took it off, cut it down and reinstalled. BTW the access to the bolts on this skid are terrible so each time removing and installing it is a total pain in the ass. At this point MOST of the noise was gone but I did have some rattling at some RPM's so a week later down it comes again. I had to drill some holes to where the exhaust has worn the paint off of it in the exhaust drop down area. Hoping and praying I am done at this point and yea no noises. Yuppie! In my opinion I should not pay the money and then have to modify something in 3 different places to make it fit a stock vehicle. Like I said I knew that matching up 2 different brands could be a pain but to be honest my one disappointment was the fitment of the transfer case skid and all the mods that had to be done to make that particular one fit. So my summary is like this. Ultimately I am happy with of all of them. They are all VERY beefy and offer great protection. This after about 1.5 years of ownership. I couldn't imagine wheeling without them. " - mach1man001
--> "Relentless aluminum 1/4" IFS skid. Will be testing it out this week on some trails in Big Bear. I like the how little it weighs (30lbs) and how sturdy it feels for being that light. I have to chime in that you need a ratchet extension to get most of the rear bolts which was annoying because I had to go out and buy one." - RILEYSB
Cost $275
All skids are CNC Waterjet Cut & formed from 3/16" steel.
IFS skids use all factory mounting points and hardware.
Cost $210
MID skid requires IFS for installation.
Transfer Case
Cost $295
Transfer case skid has optional exhaust cross-over coverage.
-->"I've had my Pelfreybilt IFS Skid for a while now and love it! Great coverage and protection and super stout" - CaliBluTaco
-->"There are several good skids on the market. I selected Pelfreybilt for several reasons; I felt the skid coverage of the lower control arm cam alignment tab plates was very good and would protect them from bending during bottom outs and hard front impacts (Note in the photo that the skid is banged up where it protected the drivers-side cam tab). I also liked the three peice skid design with two flat bottoms, the IFS area and then the MID-Transfer case area which has a bit more clearance, which I feel maximized clearance.
The skids fit well with no real installation issues. I sanded them and then rattle-canned them with clean metal primer and 3-4 coats of paint. Like any steel skids, they will rust where metal is exposed, and they take a beating on my truck, both from sandblasting by rocks kicked up by the front tires on high-speed gravel/desert roads (note the edge of MID skid in second photo where rock from the tires have blasted it) and from actual impacts on the trail. I am happy with the Pelfrey skids and would buy them again." - qnyla
--> "I'm on my 2nd set of Pelfreybilt skids, I can't say they are better or worse than another vendor's skids or not since I have only bought from him. I can say I wheel with my buddies who have different (brands of) skids and we tackle the same trails, with that being said I won't say which protects better, but Pelfrey's have excellent under carriage coverage from front to back. I am pretty hard on my skids and there are dents and deep scores from rocks but I am surprised they are holding up as well as they have been. The install is very simple, I recommend 2 people though, you will have to drill 2 holes through the frame which isn't bad if you have new bits and some drilling oil. Tyler also has some of the best customer service I've delt with. " - Large
--> "I have pelfreybuilt skids on my regular cab. Needed to grind down one frame rivet on each side so they'd sit flush but it's no big deal. Pelfreybuilt skid *is* compatible with my front swaybar, even though it's got a toytec relocate on it. To my mind the main decisions to make are: 1. Do you want an exhaust crossover or not? V6 trucks where the skid doesn't have a modified exhaust tend either need a drop out in the mid skid that's a potential hang up point, or a lower skid. If you're going to the trouble to add underbelly armour, you might as well do it right and take care of this issue, IMO. 2. Location. Buy close to home to save on shipping. Buy *really* close to home for free pickup and maybe help with installation. 3. Diff drop or not. Some of the skids are cut a little lower to fit a diff drop kit, some are not. Relentless is, Pelfrey is not. 4. Coverage around the front alignment tabs, and compatibility with LCA skids if you're running them. 5. 1/4" vs. 3/16" You've gotta be wailin' on your truck awfully hard to need the additional protection and weight of 1/4" skids. Even 3/16" skids are *very* beef. "-bjmoose