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Aggregate Demand and Supply Aggregate Demand and Supply Aggregate Demand (AD) Aggregate Demand The sum of all expenditure in the economy over a period of time Macro concept – WHOLE economy Formula: AD = C+I+G+(X-M) C= Consumption Spending I = Investment Spending G = Government Spending (X-M) = difference between spending on imports and receipts from exports (Balance of Payments) Aggregate Demand Curve Shows the overall level of spending at different price levels Note – Inflation used for the vertical axis – follows from new thinking on the derivation of AD curves from the likes of David Romer @ University of California – Assumes Central Banks do not target the money supply but short term interest rates Aggregate Demand Curve Why does it slope down from left to right? Assume Bank of England sets short term interest rates Assume a rise in the price level will be met by a rise in interest rates Any increase in interest rates will raise the cost of borrowing: Consumption spending will fall Investment will fall International competitiveness will decrease – exports fall, imports rise Therefore – a rise in the price level leads to lower levels of aggregate demand Aggregate Demand Curve The AD diagram: Inflation on the vertical axis – assume an initial 'target rate' of 2.0% (as measured by the HICP or CPI) Real GDP or Real National Income or Real Output on the vertical axis (shown by the initial Y) Aggregate Demand Curve Inflation At a higher level The lower rate of of This level of output will National Income of At an inflation rising inflation (3.0%)level be associated with a requires fewer units 2%, the AD mean that interest rates curve gives particular level of C, labour – all have of level of output of Y1 a I and (X-M) unemployment which we 3.0% unemployment rises negative effects on AD – will call U = 5% to 7% shown by U = NY falls to Y2 7% 2.0% AD Y2 Y1 U = 5% Real National Income U = 7% Shifts in the Aggregate Demand Inflation Curve This in AD will be Shifts would cause Any exogenous a rise in national caused factor causing C, by changes(economic income in factors growth) I,rise, affecting C, andand or a I or G to G lead (X-M)fall in to a surplus trade factors) (exogenous unemployment (U a shift to causes (and vice e.g. increasing income tax = 2%) consumption rates affect the right in AD versa) 2.0% AD2 AD Y1 Y2 U = 5% U = 2% Real National Income Consumption Expenditure Exogenous factors affecting consumption: Tax rates Incomes – short term and expected income over lifetime Wage increases Credit Interest rates Wealth Property Shares Savings Bonds Investment Expenditure Spending on: Machinery Equipment Buildings Infrastructure Influenced by: Expected rates of return Interest rates Expectations of future sales Expectations of future inflation rates Government Spending Defence Health Social Welfare Education Foreign Aid Regions Industry Law and Order Import Spending (negative) Goods and services bought from abroad – represents an outflow of funds from the UK (reduces AD) Export Earnings (Positive) Goods and services sold abroad – represents a flow of funds into the UK (raises AD) Key variables Macroeconomic policy Fiscal Policy Government Income (taxes and borrowing) Government Spending Monetary Policy Interest Rates (Bank of England) Aggregate Supply (AS) Capacity of the Economy Costs of Production Technology Education and Training Incentives Tax regime Capital stock Productivity Labour Market Aggregate Supply Inflation AS An output Y1 'FullY1 Yf represents and Yf, Between level of increases in Output – Employment capacity The shape of the would suggestthe AS This shape are possible but the curve point working at this is important in economy is the reflects a nearer the economy determining the below full capacity and economy is working to gets to Yf, the more Keynesian full capacity beview outcome there would and problems are of the AS widespread curve. in the produce cannot economyany experienced with acquiring resources to unemployment more Economy starts to overheat boost production (production bottlenecks) especially labour skills shortages. Y1 Yf Real National Income Aggregate Supply Inflation AS1 AS2 Increases in capacity can occur as a result of a shift in AS (akin to a shift outwards of the Production Possibility Frontier) (PPF) Yf1 Yf2 Real National Income Aggregate Supply SRAS assumes Inflation costs such as Short run aggregate overall wage supply (SRAS) rate remain assumes firms only fixed, changes able to increase SRAS 1 in such costs output at higher costs (e.g. shift in cause a overtime the SRAS curve payments) thereby SRAS (exogenous pushing up price shocks – input level costs) SRAS 2 Real National Income Aggregate Supply Inflation This is because they LRAS believe that in the Classical economists long run, there will be assume the long run no unemployment of supply aggregate because resources curve (LRAS) is markets will clear, thus whatever the vertical (perfectly rate of inflation, firms inelastic). will supply the maximum capacity of the economy. Yf Real National Income Aggregate Supply Inflation AS For our analysis, we will assume the AS curve looks like this! Real National Income Putting AD and AS together A shift in the AD AS curve situation, the In thisto AD1 as a Inflation economya change in result of would be operating of the any or all at less than capacity, there factors affecting AD would be would increase unemployment and growth, reduce the economy might at unemployment but be growing only a cost of higher slowly. (a trade-off) inflation 2.5% 2.0% AD 1 AD Y1 Y2 Yf Real National Income Putting AD and AS together Further increases in AS Inflation AD would lead to successively smaller increases in growth and employment at the 3.5% cost of ever higher inflation. AD2 2.5% 2.0% AD1 AD Yf Y1 Y2 Y3 Real National Income Sustained Growth Inflation AS AS1 Sustained growth (not to be confused with sustainable economic growth) occurs when AS and AD rise at similar rates – national income can rise without effects on inflation 2.0% AD2 AD Y1 Y2 Real National Income
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Cops & Joggers 5K set at NWCC
The Northwest Mississippi Community College Criminal Justice Association is gearing up for its first Cops and Joggers 5K run, according to Whitney Nickels, Northwest criminal justice instructor. The event will be held on the Senatobia campus on Saturday, Nov. 10 beginning at 8 a.m. Proceeds from the event will go to establish the Northwest Foundation's Robert Cox Endowed Scholarship.
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Visit create.airbnb.com »
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My wife and I are from Berkeley, California. We are both 32 years old and work for Bay-Area non-profits. We enjoy cooking (and eating good food), hiking and board games.
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This was a beautiful comfortable home conveniently located-- easy walking distance from Berkeley Bowl supermarket and San Pablo Park ( great for kids) with a very well equipped kitchen and plenty of space.
We highly recommend it as an excellent, attractive place to stay even for several weeks.
Theodora, Bethesda MD
This is a great apartment. Centrally located. Kitchen was great, too. Hosts were awesome and very communicative and accommodating. Definitely recommend it.
Josh's place was what we wanted -- a cozy, well appointed social hub for me and my two kids over the holidays. The living room is comfortable for reading, watching a movie or socializing. The dining room seats 6 and adjoins an exceptionally well appointed kitchen. It was as advertised.
Thank you very much Joshua for making your home available to us for the weekend. It was so nice to stay in a real home rather than a hotel. Joshua was excellent in communicating to us how everything worked and even offered to us the daily fresh laid eggs from the chickens in the yard. My two girls felt right at home immediately. We had an amazing weekend.
Thank you.
This is a lovely little home in a safe area of Berkeley. Josh and Emily have decorated it beautifully, and clearly put a lot of love into it. The colors are perfect and the house is very clean! The kitchen is fabulous and the beds are comfortable. I highly recommend it to anyone looking for a place to relax and explore Berkeley.
My wife and I stayed at Josh & Emily's beautiful house recently while house hunting in the area. Their home is a clean, quite and peaceful sanctuary where we felt totally at home. Nice hardwood floors, a great kitchen, comfortable bed, cozy relaxing area, just what we needed.
They have a lovely garden where we sat and enjoyed the sunshine a few times. The neighborhood feels very safe and was extremely convenient to the Oakland-Bay Bridge and San Francisco, and great grocery shopping at Berkeley Bowl. BART is only a few minutes away as well.
They were excellent at communicating and we felt truly at home. I would highly recommend their place without hesitation.
I'd say the best part of the experience was that when you stay in someone's home you are exposed to that persons energy and we felt nothing but positive energy from their wonderful house.
Joshua was a wonderful guest- responsible, tidy, left things in great shape in the house. Welcome back anytime.
Nice family with an infant. Sorry, I had the flu and stayed elsewhere. Left place in good condition.
Josh and Emily are fabulous people - they are warm, welcoming, interested in lots of things, and well-traveled. They are very active and passionate about the Bay area, so they always have fun ideas of things to do and neighborhood spots to check out. Their home is easy to get to from BART, very cozy and clean, and their sunny backyard is a fun place to sit with a glass of wine.
Josh and Emily have a really great house in a very convenient area of Berkeley just a few blocks from a BART station. They keep their place very clean and organized, have an awesome, well equipped kitchen, and a comfy living and dining room. Both bedrooms look over their backyard patio and garden which is a great place for a cup of tea or a glass of wine when the weather is nice. I highly recommend a stay in their comfortable, clean, and well-equipped home.
When we moved to the Bay Area we stayed at Josh and Emily's house for three weeks!
It was an incredible introduction to the area. Their neighborhood is lovely, and an easy walk to the BART, so everything else is within easy reach. Plus, the home itself is amazing. They re-did most of the house after they loved in, so everything in modern, and they've got two amazing yards.
If you're looking for Berkeley, I couldn't recommend staying here enough.


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Airco – The Smart Choice
When considering heating and cooling services for your home, it's important to note the difference that Airco provides! Not only will we install, repair, or service all makes and models of residential air and water heating and cooling equipment, we take the time to educate you on the best possible maintenance techniques to ensure your comfort all year round. Our work is different!
You've made a good decision
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- Licensed and insured with Provincial Gas Tickets
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Why would you trust your safety and comfort to anyone else? Contact us today! Or call 604-882-9224
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At Airco, we put our customers first. We believe that giving back is the best way to further business with our friends and clients, so we've been working hard at building lasting relationships over the years. That's where our rewards program comes in!
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The efficiency of combustion heating appliances is measured by Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency (AFUE).
Energy Saving Tip
Install a programmable thermostat. Did you know that you can save up to 10% on your heating bill by programming your thermostat to a lower temperature at night and after you leave for work. Just remember, it's recommended that you don't reduce the temperature more than 3-4 Degrees Celcius.
Check out some of our services and we'll fill you in on other money-saving tips for your home!
We are also a proud distributor for nest products! Click here to learn more about them.
Why choose Airco? It's easy…
Don't take our word for it!
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We had a new furnace and air conditioner installed by Will and Dave. We have a finished basement and I was worried about the way the new pipes would look, but they knew exactly what they were doing. No ugly pipes! They were clean, fast, and very polite. They setup my new thermostat to give me weather forecasts and it even shows my favourite pictures on the screen!Dayna Hunter
We are a non-profit organization that needed to find an honest and reliable company to make a recommendation on installing an efficient air filtration system. Airco Heating was recommended. Terry came by to give us a very detailed quote. We went ahead and Terry and his crew were there the next day to start installation. The crew were very considerate and kept the work area clean.M Walker
My experience with Airco (and Will in particular) was nothing short of fantastic. The sales approach was more of a learning experience for me so I completely understood what was needed, why it was needed, and what my options were, with zero pressure to go with them for the job. A great company!Shawn Kindopp


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Painting living/dining, different colors on different walls?
I'm thinking of using 2 different colors in my open space living/dining room to add some depth, visual interest. Has anyone done this? Any tricks for how to make decisions on where to put lighter v. darker color?
Good day from my experience most people would pick 1 wall to be an accent wall, normally this would be the darker of the 2 colors, while the other 3 are the 2nd color. As for which wall will be the darker color a lot depends what is going on or along that wall.
I have more than 2 in my great room, all very pale shades: two colors are on structural elements of the soffit and the stucco of the fireplace - they make intersecting planes of color.
Three more colors are on the walls, with the changes happening at the corners. It's very subtle color planes.


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Home Festival Tickets Festivals in the Netherlands Wooferland
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Find the Wooferland tickets you're looking for on viagogo, the world's largest ticket marketplace. Stay tuned for updates to the Wooferland lineup and select a date to view the range of tickets and festival passes available. You can also sell your spare Wooferland tickets on viagogo, and listing tickets is free. All Wooferland tickets are covered by the viagogo Ticket guarantee!
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A sad, but great creepy movie with a twist that you don't expect!Published 1 month ago by Samantha K Krewulak
From the moment I watched this film in the theatre I was hooked. This is one fantastic ghost story!! Read morePublished 1 month ago by Derek G St John
One of the best horror/suspense movie. Pictures and ambiance fabulous.Published 8 months ago by Vien Minh Van
i enjoyed the product a lot... pretty much like it was advised and even more... i can say im satisfiedPublished 15 months ago by james 007
Watch for the elephant dressed up as a rabia in the second half of this earth shaking rendition of the old shakespear classic.Published on Feb. 25 2013 by ME
You have go to see this movie. Just a fantastic story. I do think if you don't mind watching movies with subtitles you have got to see this one.Published on Jan. 28 2013 by Angela Bouman
Well above average haunted house film. As emotional as it is scary.
The same could be said of most of producer Guillermo Del Toro's films. Read more
Guillermo del Toro presents this great movie, filmed in Spain. Thjere are very scary moments, and the story is a very sad one. Read morePublished on Sept. 3 2011 by Luis Vazquez-Venegas


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Home » Flash » Actionscript »
Flash Preloader Tutorial
View Tutorial Details: Flash Preloader Tutorial
In this tutorial you will learn how to create a Preloader showing the total downloaded bytes. This Tutorial is for Flash MX. I am Assuming in this tutorial you already have a movie made. I am also assuming that you have the basic knowledge of Flash MX and its Basic Actionscript.
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The most inspiring time of the year when nature is screaming out to be photographed!
Prospectors Point – Devon, Alberta, Canada
Featured in:
Alberta-Wild Rose Country – September 30, 2010
Alberta-Wild Rose Country – October 20, 2011
Live,Love,Dream – October 15, 2012
Top 10 in:
Alberta Views Challenge – October 20, 2011
701 views – October 2012
Roxanne, this is gorgeous, wow! I love the fall colors here.
Thanks Vickie, the river valley in Devon is really a spectacular sight no matter what the season :)
– Roxanne Persson
Always an honor :)
– Roxanne Persson
Incredible beauty you captured here Roxanne. Congratulations on your feature.
Thanks so much Teresa!
– Roxanne Persson
So very beautiful !!!!!!!
Best time of the year!! Thanks for the comment :)
– Roxanne Persson
my goodness thats beautiful!!
Thanks Ann, one of the best reasons to live in Devon!
– Roxanne Persson
October 20, 2011
Great news, thank you!
– Roxanne Persson
Congratulations! Lovely capture!
Roxanne, this is so very screaming pretty! Very lovely!
Thanks Angelo, it's a great place to go for a walk along the river :)
– Roxanne Persson


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The stars shine bright over the Erie Playhouse, one of the oldest and largest community theatres in the nation. Recognized as one of the 10 best community theatres in national competition, it remains at the forefront of the arts not only in Northwest Pennsylvania, but the entire state.
With a dedicated staff of 12 full-time professionals and literally hundreds of volunteers, the Erie Playhouse boasts a spectacular season of provocative and diverse Mainstage plays and musicals, as well as an engaging roster of musicals for the young theatre-goer as part of their vital Youtheatre program. Add to that one-of-a-kind concerts and captivating special events. We invite you to join us for our 2014-2015 season filled with "memorable characters" and "memorable performances."
Upcoming Performances
- Thursday, Apr 09Special Eventmore info
Hear the people sing, again!
- Sunday, Apr 12Special Eventmore info
Please note that the ball is SOLD OUT.
- Monday, Apr 20Special Eventmore info
Paint the town - on canvas
- Friday, May 08Youtheatremore info
So much fun you'll "neverland"!
- Friday, Jun 05Mainstagemore info
Andrew Lloyd Webber's Sunset Boulevard
Are you ready for your close up?


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Egg hunts and many other special events are happening all over Virginia this weekend. Don't miss out!
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Experience life as it was in our nation's yesterdays. Explore original buildings, homes, and shops reconstructed on 301 acres.
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Disclaimer: I don't own Twilight – Mrs. Meyer does! Oh and I borrowed some of the text from 'New Moon' for the opening part that is in italics.
AN: Enjoy! And please review they make me write faster. Most of the chapters will be in Edward's point of view -- but if it changes, I will let you know!
Chapter One:
"Bella, we're leaving."
"Why now? Another year-"
"Bella, it's time. How much longer could we stay in Forks, after all? Carlisle can barely pass for thirty, and he's claiming thirty-three now. We'd have to start over soon regardless."
"When you say we-,"
"I mean my family and myself."
"Okay," she said. "I'll come with you."
"You can't, Bella. Where we're going... It's not the right place for you."
"Where you are is the right place for me."
"I'm no good for you, Bella."
"Don't be ridiculous," she said almost begging. "You're the very best part of my life."
"My world is not for you," I said grimly.
If I could cry, I would. It has been months since I uttered those gut wrenching words to Bella. And months of living in my own personal hell swiftly followed.
I honestly did love Bella more then anything and I wanted her in my world. She was my world. That's why I had made the decision for my family to leave Forks in the first place – to protect her from the dangers in my world. Yet, with how things were currently going, I'm beginning to think that I was wrong.
I knew that Victoria had been tracking me since we left Forks – probably because of what I had done to her mate James. I managed to lead her away from Forks, so that she couldn't go after Bella. Then I turned the tide on her and she became my prey. I know that I wasn't her intended target. No her target was Bella.
That was why I led her on a wild goose chase as far away from Forks as I could get before I began to track her. We had made it all the way to Brazil when she figured out my plan and doubled back.
At least I had the ability to get back to Forks before she did. Thank goodness for planes and fast cars.
But what was waiting for me in Forks was a different matter entirely. I just pray to whoever will listen to me that Bella is safe and sound – and more over will take me back after I grovel at her feet for all that I put her through. But if she had moved on, like I had intended on, I would still protect her from whatever danger seemed fit to come her way – Victoria or not. I loved her too much to see her hurt any more.
Right now, I was the only one of my family returning to Forks. Carlisle thought it best this way for now – just to see if I really wanted to return – well to really see if Bella really wanted us to return.
I was speeding towards Forks from Seattle when my cell phone rang. "Hello?"
"Edward!" Alice yelled. "You've got to get to Bella! Before its too late!"
"What?" I ask confused.
"She jumps off a cliff! Her mind is made up! Then I can't see her any longer!"
"Where?" I growled. "Where does she jump?"
"The beach near La Push."
La Push – damn. I couldn't break the treaty. Carlisle would kill me.
"Screw the treaty, Edward," Alice said basically reading my mind from a far. "Carlisle said that he would take care of it. We're on our way back now. It's Bella you've got to worry about."
"I will Alice," I quickly said shutting the phone and slamming down on the gas as hard as I could make my Volvo go as I blew down the road towards La Push.
The closer I got to the treaty line, the more knots were in my stomach.
What if I was too late?
What if Jacob Black or someone like him stopped me before I got to Bella.
Screw it all.
None of this mattered as I blew past the treaty line towards the beach. I just hoped that I wasn't too late.


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For those who haven't been following every twist and turn of the Syrian Civil War, the sudden rise of Islamic State of Syria and Iraq probably came as quite a shock. Yesterday you'd never heard of them, and today they're capturing Mosul and Tikrit and advancing on Baghdad. No terrorist or guerrilla force grows that quickly without some sort of major financial backing. My suspicion that they were bankrolled by the Saudis and some of the other Sunni oil sheikdoms appears to have been more or less accurate.
Over at The Daily Beast, Josh Rogin says that wealthy donors in Kuwait, Qatar, and Saudi Arabia are funding ISIS.
Under significant U.S. pressure, the Arab Gulf governments have belatedly been cracking down on funding to Sunni extremist groups, but Gulf regimes are also under domestic pressure to fight in what many Sunnis see as an unavoidable Shiite-Sunni regional war that is only getting worse by the day.
"ISIS is part of the Sunni forces that are fighting Shia forces in this regional sectarian conflict. They are in an existential battle with both the (Iranian aligned) Maliki government and the Assad regime."
And therein lies the rub. The Syrian Civil War had already undertaken the character of a Sunni/Shia conflict that was drawing in Iran and Lebanon (and, by financial proxy, Saudi Arabia); their swift success in Iraq widens the scope of the war, but not the essential nature. Sunnis and Shiias have hardly needed an excuse to slaughter each other at the drop of a hat; indeed, the far more difficult task has always been to keep them from slaughtering each other.
For what it's worth, the exceptionally cynical and always-entertaining War Nerd says that ISIS has already peaked:
This is one of those dramatic military reverses that mean a lot less than meets the eye. The "Iraqi Army" routed by ISIS wasn't really a national army, and ISIS isn't really a dominant military force. It was able to occupy those cities because they were vacuums, abandoned by a weak, sectarian force. Moving into vacuums like this is what ISIS is good at. And that's the only thing ISIS is good at.
ISIS is a sectarian Sunni militia—that's all. A big one, as militias go, with something like 10,000 fighters. Most of them are Iraqi, a few are Syrian, and a few hundred are those famous "European jihadis" who draw press attention out of all relation to their negligible combat value. The real strength of ISIS comes from its Chechen fighters, up to a thousand of them. A thousand Chechens is a serious force, and a terrifying one if they're bearing down on your neighborhood. Chechens are the scariest fighters, pound-for-pound, in the world.
But we're still talking about a conventional military force smaller than a division. That's a real but very limited amount of combat power. What this means is that, no matter how many scare headlines you read, ISIS will never take Baghdad, let alone Shia cities to the south like Karbala. It won't be able to dent the Kurds' territory to the north, either. All it can do—all it has been doing, by moving into Sunni cities like Mosul and Tikrit—is to complete the partition of Iraq begun by our dear ex-president Bush in 2003.
Also this: "Insurgent groups go through leaders like Spinal Tap went through drummers."
This analysis of the situation strikes me as just cynical enough to possibly be true, especially given his thoughts on our non-friends the Saudis. But the fact that ISIS probably won't be able to take Baghdad doesn't mean they won't try. And there's no reason the Sunni/Shia civil war can't widen and drag even more countries into it.
Which is not to argue that we should be intervening at this point. Indeed, someone who was especially cynical might suggest that years of Sunnis and Shias killing each other might be just the thing to distract them from killing us…


text: Thanks! I feel bad for him. It's not his fault he married someone w/ no taste buds. If he could live on seafood, he'd be a happy man. Oh the irony. He also had a job set up in FL when he met me 20 years ago and I had no idea he gave it up to stay in MN to be w/ me. I owe him much.


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Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance:
Actions Are Needed to Increase Integration and Efficiencies of DOD's ISR Enterprise
GAO-11-465: Published: Jun 3, 2011. Publicly Released: Jun 3, 2011.
Additional Materials:
- Highlights Page:
- Full Report:
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(202) 512-4800
The success of intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) systems in collecting, processing, and disseminating intelligence information has fueled demand for ISR support, and the Department of Defense (DOD) has significantly increased its investments in ISR capabilities since combat operations began in 2001. In fiscal year 2010, intelligence community spending --including for ISR--exceeded $80 billion. Section 21 of Public Law 111-139 mandated that GAO identify programs, agencies, offices, and initiatives with duplicative goals and activities. This report examines the extent to which: (1) DOD manages and oversees the full scope and cost of the ISR enterprise; (2) DOD has sought to identify and minimize the potential for any unnecessary duplication in program, planning, and operations for ISR; and (3) DOD's ISR Integration Roadmap addresses key congressionally directed management elements and guidance.
The Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence (USD[I]) has the authority to oversee DOD's ISR enterprise; however, the broad scope and complex funding arrangements of DOD's ISR enterprise make it difficult to manage and oversee. The scope of the ISR enterprise and capabilities include many different kinds of activities conducted by multiple agencies. As a result, ISR activities may be funded through any of several sources, including the Military Intelligence Program, the National Intelligence Program, overseas contingency operations funding, and military service funds. To manage DOD's large ISR enterprise, the USD(I) serves as DOD's senior intelligence official, responsible for providing strategic, budget, and policy oversight over DOD's ISR enterprise. However, the USD(I) does not have full visibility into several budget sources that fund DOD's ISR enterprise, such as national intelligence capabilities, dual use assets, urgent operational needs, and military personnel expenses related to ISR. The USD(I)'s inability to gain full visibility and clarity into all of DOD's ISR financial resources hinders efforts to develop an investment strategy for ISR and to achieve efficiencies. DOD has developed general guidance in directives and other documents emphasizing the need to identify efficiencies and eliminate duplication or redundancies in its capabilities, which provides a foundation for further action. In August 2010, the Secretary of Defense directed that the department begin a series of efficiency initiatives to reduce duplication, overhead, and excess. However, the scope of the review pertaining to ISR was limited to analysis activities and excluded activities associated with collecting ISR data--one of the largest areas of growth in ISR spending. Additionally, two ISR efficiency initiatives are in the early stages of development and do not have implementation goals and timelines. Without goals and timelines, it will be difficult to determine whether these initiatives will make progress in achieving efficiencies. The National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2004 required DOD to develop a roadmap to guide the development and integration of DOD ISR capabilities over a 15-year period and report to Congress on the contents of the roadmap, such as goals and an investment strategy to prioritize resources. DOD responded to both of these requirements by issuing an ISR roadmap. GAO's review of DOD's 2007 and 2010 ISR roadmaps found that DOD has made progress in addressing the issues that Congress directed to be included, but the 2007 and 2010 roadmaps did not address certain management elements identified by Congress. In 2008, Congress restated the 2004 requirements and provided additional guidance to the USD(I). However, the 2010 roadmap still does not represent an integrated investment strategy across the department because it does not clearly address capability gaps or priorities across the enterprise and still lacks investment information. Until DOD develops an integrated ISR investment strategy, the defense and intelligence communities may continue to make independent decisions and use resources that are not necessarily based on strategic priorities. GAO recommends that DOD compile and aggregate complete ISR funding data, establish implementation goals and timelines for its efficiency efforts, and give priority to examining efficiency in ISR collection activities. DOD agreed or partially agreed with these GAO recommendations. GAO also suggests that Congress consider holding DOD accountable to address required elements of the ISR roadmap.
Matter for Congressional Consideration
Status: Closed - Not Implemented
Comments: Congress did not decide to amend current legislative language regarding the ISR Roadmap.
Matter: To ensure that future versions of the ISR Integration Roadmap meet all of the elements of an integrated ISR roadmap identified in the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2004 as well as the 2008 House of Representatives Committee on Armed Services report, Congress may wish to consider establishing additional accountability in legislation, such as conditioning a portion of ISR funding on completion of all congressionally directed management elements, including the development of an integrated ISR investment strategy.
Recommendations for Executive Action
Status: Closed - Not Implemented
Comments: DOD did not provide any information regarding how the department was taking action to implement this recommendation.
Recommendation: To improve management of DOD's ISR enterprise and increase its ability to achieve efficiencies, the Secretary of Defense should direct the USD(I) to collect and aggregate complete financial data--including information on dual-use assets, urgent operational needs, capability funding from multiple sources, and military personnel funding--to inform resource and investment decisions.
Agency Affected: Department of Defense
Status: Open
Comments: DOD originally planned to issue a strategy and roadmap for the Defense Intelligence Information Enterprise by May 2012 that would establish goals and timelines for implementation of a defense intelligence architecture. However, DOD did not issue this strategy and roadmap and instead planned to develop a broader ISR Integration Roadmap that will incorporate the previously envisioned strategy and roadmap for the Defense Intelligence Information Enterprise. DOD projected that the broader ISR Integration Roadmap will be delivered to Congress in the spring of 2013; however as of September 2014 this roadmap had not been completed. DOD stated that it plans to complete this roadmap later in 2014.
Recommendation: To improve management of DOD's ISR enterprise and increase its ability to achieve efficiencies, the Secretary of Defense should direct the USD(I) to establish goals and timelines to ensure progress and accountability for design and implementation of its defense intelligence enterprise architecture, including clarifying how the department plans to use the architecture and tools it is developing to achieve efficiencies.
Agency Affected: Department of Defense
Status: Closed - Not Implemented
Comments: DOD has suspended its department-wide program of initiatives to achieve efficiencies.
Recommendation: To improve management of DOD's ISR enterprise and increase its ability to achieve efficiencies, the Secretary of Defense should direct the USD(I) to expand the scope of current efficiency efforts to include ISR collection activities.
Agency Affected: Department of Defense
Status: Open
Comments: DOD is developing a Defense Intelligence Information Enterprise Framework, which is intended to enable the interoperability of ISR information systems architecture, identify future cost avoidance for the entire Defense Intelligence Information Enterprise, and optimize security in an increasingly hostile threat environment. DOD plans to start using this architecture in the near future.
Recommendation: To identify efficiencies in ISR capability development, the Secretary of Defense should direct the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the USD(I) to collaborate in developing decision support tool(s), such as the Joint Staff's decision support tool, and to establish implementation goals and timelines for completion of such efforts.
Agency Affected: Department of Defense
Explore the full database of GAO's Open Recommendations »
Mar 19, 2015
Military Personnel:Actions Needed to Address Sexual Assaults of Male ServicemembersGAO-15-284: Published: Mar 19, 2015. Publicly Released: Mar 19, 2015.
Mar 16, 2015
Operational Contract Support:Actions Needed to Enhance the Collection, Integration, and Sharing of Lessons LearnedGAO-15-243: Published: Mar 16, 2015. Publicly Released: Mar 16, 2015.
Mar 12, 2015
Defense Acquisitions:Assessments of Selected Weapon ProgramsGAO-15-342SP: Published: Mar 12, 2015. Publicly Released: Mar 12, 2015.
Mar 2, 2015
Defense Acquisitions:Better Approach Needed to Account for Number, Cost, and Performance of Non-Major ProgramsGAO-15-188: Published: Mar 2, 2015. Publicly Released: Mar 2, 2015.
Feb 26, 2015
Defense Logistics:Improvements Needed to Accurately Assess the Performance of DOD's Materiel Distribution PipelineGAO-15-226: Published: Feb 26, 2015. Publicly Released: Feb 26, 2015.
Feb 24, 2015
Acquisition Reform:DOD Should Streamline Its Decision-Making Process for Weapon Systems to Reduce InefficienciesGAO-15-192: Published: Feb 24, 2015. Publicly Released: Feb 24, 2015.
Feb 18, 2015
Contingency Contracting:Contractor Personnel Tracking System Needs Better Plans and GuidanceGAO-15-250: Published: Feb 18, 2015. Publicly Released: Feb 18, 2015.
Feb 11, 2015
Building Partner Capacity:DOD Should Improve Its Reporting to Congress on Challenges to Expanding Ministry of Defense Advisors ProgramGAO-15-279: Published: Feb 11, 2015. Publicly Released: Feb 11, 2015.
Defense Business Transformation:DOD Has Taken Some Steps to Address Weaknesses, but Additional Actions Are NeededGAO-15-213: Published: Feb 11, 2015. Publicly Released: Feb 11, 2015.
Jan 29, 2015
DOD Acquisitions:Opportunities May Exist to Increase Utility of Nondevelopmental Items Pilot ProgramGAO-15-285: Published: Jan 29, 2015. Publicly Released: Jan 29, 2015.
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A Polish Excursion
... can see from the pictures, we proceeded to get absolutely smashed on sugar, and then headed onwards.
Our last stop was the Maritime Academy on the riverfront, which had gorgeous architectural features. The riverfront itself provided gorgeous views across the city. From there it was only a short walk back to the car, and we headed home to Brollin.
All in all, an exciting day out and definitely a place I'll visit again!
Home At Last
... Karl seemed very interested, so I may see more of him in the future.
At this point, that's all I have to report. More pictures to follow once I get a german cell phone sorted out. Having T-mobile and Lebara sim cards sent here so I'll see which gets the best coverage. It's 15:45 here now, and already the sun is starting to go down, so I'm going to get out and enjoy it while I can!
Hello Sunshine
... I keep seeing on the ferry. Yup, you guessed it!
Everywhere I turned he was there! I almost felt like he was stalking me, but managed to avoid any further conversations by fumbling in my hand bag or something equally as lame just to avoid eye contact. 6hrs later when we docked I finally felt safe once Id locked myself in Lily. And as I turn to my left, who is there... Yup... There is is, at my window waving! He wanted to know where I was heading to stay for the night! I told ...
Szczecin, moje miasto.
... w Polsce!Bylam bardzo mile zaskoczona warunkami- cieplo i slonko! A jednak mozna:) Pozniej jeszcze trafilismy do Swinoujscia, Miedzyzdrojow i do Niemiec na Rugie- bardzo pozytywnie:)!
Zima jest u nas straszna- 8 miesiecy w kurtce zimowej, ale jak juz przychodzi wiosna- jest super!
Wykorzystujac urlop bezplatny jaki nam przysluguje na stazu, wyjezdzam do mojej ulubionej hiszpanskiej Tarify:)
Woda, wiatr, slonce i plaza wzywa :) ...
Day One Hundred and One
Spent the day with Joanna at her flat and her university where she studies. Then she showed me her favorite spot in her favorite park, which is beautiful during Autumn. Then I boarded two trains, arrived in Berlin, and sought out a hostel to spend the ...


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EDIT: Ahh, sorry. I just saw that you fixed exactly that issue lately.
(Related thread: http://www.gamedev.net/topic/650055-problem-with-array-of-handles/ )
That's what I get for not using the very latest revision. Cheers.
I'm currently using AngelScript for a little game project and recently noticed a shortcoming in the ScriptArray Addon related to this topic:
I'm using an array of handles defined like so:
array<GameObject@> currentGroup;
Unfortunately, the 'find' method does not work on the array,
unless an equal-comparison operator is defined for the GameObject type.
int pos = currentGroup.find(@character);
I don't define any such operator, because I want to compare the object handles only by their address.
The expression (@character1 == @character2) works perfectly well, only the array-type does not support it.
It seems to me that the CScriptArray::Precache method must be changed to make that possible.
It's probably a small fix. But unfortunately, I don't know enough about AngelScripts internals to do it myself.
Any chance to see this fixed in the next revision?
Thank you.


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Top NewsLast year's Paul Bachorz Memorial Photo Contest Winners
- First Place - Barrett Jones
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- Third Place - Peter Burke
Update: Since upgrading to Facebook's new group system, the MOV group has started to take off. We now have over 100 members sharing photos, videos and ride reports. Come join us!
See past entries in Old News.
Upcoming EventsApril 11th - Mud Season Bash at American Legion - Rutland VT
-Prime Ribs of Beef: Choice cuts of Beef Rib Eye marinated with Dijon mustard, balsamic vinegar, rosemary and garlic slow roasted to perfection served with pan Au Jus and condiments.
-Stuffed Seafood Combo: A crab filled whitefish filets topped with seasoned cracker crumbs and finished with a sherried shrimp sauce.
-Chicken Picatta: Fresh chicken cutlets pan seared and topped with a delicious lemon herb sauce finished with artichoke hearts and broccoli florets.
- Steamed vegetables, roasted red potatoes, rice pilaf, sherried mushrooms, twenty+ item salad bar and dessert buffet station.
All that for $25! Sound good? Mail in the registration form in the MOVer or use the PayPal form below.
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New Dorp High School Alumni
Lisa Tropiano-Maturi
Class of 1981
Michael Samwel
Class of 2009
Atdhe Ant
Class of 2005
Ruth Perez
Class of 2001
The alumni of NDHS in Staten Island, New York are encouraged to use this site to relive their time in high school by sharing with former students and teachers of New Dorp High School. We also encourage you to keep up to date on news and reconnect with lost friends. You can also find out what other graduates are doing now, share memories with other alumn, upload pictures from New Dorp High and find other alumni.


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Buy Tickets Now for our Spring Concert!
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Listen to past performance selections that show the quality of our music.Listen to Pro Arte >
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We strive to bring cultural richness to our region. Your tax-deductible contribution can ensure our continued success. Donate >
Concert CDs
Order a CD from our Fall or Holiday 2013 performance or others from our library! Read More >
Maestro Arthur Sjögren
Learn about the esteemed career of the Founder, Conductor and Artistic Director of Pro Arte Singers Read More >
See a few of the many positive reviews about past performances our accomplished group has received Read More >


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Callan Hotel sign on the corner of 5th and Island Ave.
Photo by Randiego20
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Inn Rifugio Orso Bruno - Commezzadura
Localita Monte Vigo di Commezzadura Marilleva - Commezzadura1-877-662-6988
Looking for a Commezzadura ski inn? Rifugio Orso Bruno is a great choice as it's located in the Sole Valley area, is near a train station and offers free breakfast to all its guests!
This inn has its own restaurant serving breakfast, lunch and dinner where you will find a selection of items to try. If you are visiting Italy on vacation or for business, make sure to take some time to relax as you will find a sauna on site, so make the most of it! Additional leisure facilities include an arcade/game room. On-site winter fun includes downhill skiing. Staff can provide tour/ticket assistance.
Free Wi-Fi is provided so you can check your in-box whenever you like.
We show TripAdvisor reviews for new Venere hotels that haven't been reviewed yet
Check Availability at Inn Rifugio Orso Bruno
Breakfast at Inn Rifugio Orso Bruno
A free buffet breakfast is available between 7:30 AM and 9:30 AM.
Inn Facilities at Rifugio Orso Bruno
- Sauna
- Luggage room
- City tour
- Internet/Email services
- Indoor entertainment room
- Restaurant/Dining
- Billiards / Snooker
- Ski room
- Pets accepted
Know before you go
- Cash transactions at this property cannot exceed EUR 999.99, due to national regulations. For further details, please contact the property using information in the booking confirmation.
Check-in: between 2 PM and 4:30 PM.
Check-out: before 9:00 AM.
1. Bring along your luggage and depositateli to the mountain station of the cable car where they will be picked up by us after the plant closure, at about 17.00. 2. Continue with your skis on the chair lift MONTE VIGO. 3. The management is committed only to the transport of baggage from the cable to the Refuge and disclaims any responsibility or liability for our Customers can not reach in time the Refuge due to their late arrival or if for reasons of force majeure plants do not work.For reasons of tranquility for our guests and transport difficulties are not allowed to bring pets. 4. When possible and by telephone arrangement, we will provide exceptionally, the transport of customers who do not ski as long as you adjust to the times of the snowmobile for the transport of cargo, ie the climb in the afternoon on Saturday after 16.45 and departure in the morning before 8:30 am (at the price of € 10,00 + € 10.00 return went exclusively to and from Daolasa)
PolicyExtra-person charges may apply and vary depending on hotel policy.
Government-issued photo identification and a cash deposit are required at check-in for incidental charges.
Special requests are subject to availability upon check-in and may incur additional charges. Special requests cannot be guaranteed.
Room Details
Book your pet-friendly accommodation at the 19-room Rifugio Orso Bruno. Rooms open onto balconies. Flat-screen televisions in each room offer entertainment at the end of a long day. Private bathrooms are outfitted with showers and hair dryers.
Accommodation Services
- Hairdryer in each room
- Terrace/Balcony
Distances from Inn Rifugio Orso BrunoFolgarida Ski Area - 2.5 km / 1.6 mi
Marilleva Ski Area - 3 km / 1.9 mi
Copai-Panciana Gondola - 3.1 km / 1.9 mi
Albare Gondola - 3.5 km / 2.1 mi
Folgarida Gondola - 4 km / 2.5 mi
Golf Club Campo Carlo Magno - 4 km / 2.5 mi
Belvedere Gondola - 4.1 km / 2.5 mi
Folgarida Ski Area - 4.1 km / 2.5 mi
Groste 1 Express Gondola - 4.3 km / 2.7 mi
Contre-Malga Copai Gondola - 4.5 km / 2.8 mi
Pradalago Gondola - 4.6 km / 2.9 mi
Caprioli Lake - 4.9 km / 3.1 mi
Daolasa-Val Mastellina Cable Car - 5 km / 3.1 mi
5 Laghi Express Gondola - 5 km / 3.1 mi
Spinale Gondola - 5.2 km / 3.2 mi
The preferred airport for Rifugio Orso Bruno is Verona (VRN-Valerio Catullo) - 97.3 km / 60.4 mi.
Distances are calculated in a straight line from the property's location to the point of interest or airport and may not reflect actual travel distance.
Distances are displayed to the nearest 0.1 mile and kilometer.
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BY WALTER E. WILLIAMS, Investor's Business Daily
President Barack Obama narrowly defeated Gov. Mitt Romney in the popular vote 51% to 48%. In the all-important Electoral College, the difference was larger, with Obama winning 303 electoral votes and Romney 206. Let's not think so much about the election's outcome but instead ask: What's so good about democracy and majority rule?
How many decisions in our day-to-day lives would we like to be made through majority rule or the democratic process?
How about the decision to watch a football game or "Law and Order"? What about whether to purchase a Chevrolet Volt or a Toyota Prius?
Would you like the decision of whether to have turkey or ham for Thanksgiving dinner to be made through the democratic process? Were such decisions made in the political arena, most of us would deem it tyranny.
Democracy and majority rule give an aura of legitimacy and decency to acts that would otherwise be deemed tyranny. Most people would agree that having our decisions on what television shows to watch, what kind of car we'll purchase and what we'll eat for Thanksgiving dinner made through the democratic process is tyranny.
Why isn't it also tyranny for the political process to determine decisions such as how much should be put aside out of our paycheck for retirement; whether we purchase health insurance or not; what type of light bulbs we use; or whether we purchase 32- or 16-ounce soda containers?
The founders of our nation held a deep abhorrence for democracy and majority rule. The word democracy appears in neither of our founding documents: our Declaration of Independence and Constitution.
In Federalist Paper No. 10, James Madison wrote, "Measures are too often decided, not according to the rules of justice and the rights of the minor party, but by the superior force of an interested and overbearing majority."
John Adams predicted, "Remember, democracy never lasts long. It soon wastes, exhausts, and murders itself. There was never a democracy yet that did not commit suicide."
Edmund Randolph said "that in tracing these evils to their origin every man had found it in the turbulence and follies of democracy."
Chief Justice John Marshall observed, "Between a balanced republic and a democracy, the difference is like that between order and chaos."
In a word or two, the founders knew that a democracy would lead to the same kind of tyranny the colonies suffered under King George III. Our founders intended for us to have a republican form of limited government where political decision-making is kept to the minimum.
As chairman and vice chairman of the bicameral Joint Economic Committee (JEC), we are tasked with evaluating the recommendations of the annual Economic Report of the President, which Council of Economic Advisers Chairman Jason Furman recently testified in defense of before the JEC. Despite the ...
China's "new normal" is slower, but higher quality, economic growth, with a target of 7% this year. To improve the quality, Chinese Premier Li Keqiang, in his closing press conference at the National People's Congress, called for getting "the relationship right between the government and the ...
America is home to more than 53 million Hispanics, and we play a critical role in supporting our nation's economy and way of life. To ensure the continued prosperity of our families and businesses, we must explore new frontiers for growth. One of those frontiers is the administration's bipartisan ...
Despite a flurry of good economic news, the U.S. recovery, while better than just about any other country at the moment, will not gain much momentum unless there is a substantial increase in consumer demand. Following the February jobs report, which showed better-than-expected employment growth, ...
Seeing as the costs will come due only after President Obama has left the White House, I guess he doesn't care how high those costs are. But the costs are horrendous, as just added up by our country's foremost authority on such things, Robert Rector of the Heritage Foundation. Rector told the House ...


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Trilingual Dictionary of Logistics Terms, English German and Chinese: Fachwoerter der Logistik, Englisch Deutsch Chinesisch
The contents of this dictionary are the result of many years work in production, purchasing, distribution, trade and traffic as well as information and communication. Enlarged by about 700 new terms, with now about 14,300 entries in both directions, this dictionary is an important tool for all those who take part in the logistics and supply chain process.The dictionary also covers topics such as customer-, employee-, competition- and process-orientation, time management, innovative strength, increased productivity, high quality, and the motivation and qualification of employees to overcome technical, process and cultural barriers in a global competitive environment. This includes supply chain management strategies concerning the intensive collaboration of companies in common value-adding chains.


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PHOTO GALLERY: Rural Alexandria house goes up in flames
Fire engulfed a house Tuesday evening in rural Alexandria.
Firefighters responded around 8:30 p.m. to a fire at 24803 422nd Ave. The house is located on a farm about five miles northeast of Fulton and is owned by Doug Nelson, according to Hanson County Sheriff Randy Bartlett.
No further information was immediately available.
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THE milk trench warfare Coles and Woolworths are waging is strangling the Queensland dairy industry and forcing farmers to either sell out, or go it alone.
A number of independent producers and distributors battled their way into the market after de-regulation at the turn of the millennium.
Supermarket giants are selling milk for $1 a litre, even as the export market sits at closer to $1.40.
Unfortunately, Queensland's milk export machinery has been dismantled, leaving farmers unwilling or unable to afford bottling to watch their income dwindle.
Lynward Queensland Milk owner Graham MacIntyre launched his maroon-labelled milk in September last year, faced with the option of selling generations of history with the farm or striking out.
From just supplying a few stores in the Sunshine Coast hinterland, he now covers much of south-east Queensland including the Gold Coast and out to Ipswich.
Now one of the big supermarket players could supply his product.
"My aim is to keep my family farm going," he said.
"If I didn't do this, we would have been sold up and given up dairying."
The jersey milk he sells, like many other independent producers, is often richer than other store-bought milks.
Something Baffle Fresh Dairy owner Bruce Poulsen on the Fraser Coast sells products between Childers and Gladstone.
He said it was still a challenge competing against "the cut-throat big boys".
"The industry as a whole - this dollar milk stuff is not good for the industry long term," Mr Poulsen said.
"It's too much power to the supermarkets and too much to the processors.
"(Farmers) are getting paid 10%-15% less than they were 10 years ago.
"Noone works for less than they did 10 years ago."
He said that was why farmers were trying to breakaway from the major brands, even though it would not be easy.
However, many would never be able to take on the risks.
"It's a different mindset to market your product than it is to just put it in a vat and hoping the big fellas pick it up," he said.
"And it can be a massive capital expense."
Both he and Mr MacIntyre said the milk was simply better tasting when bought from an independent producer.
"If people could just do this test - make a cup of coffee with $1 milk and one with independent milk.
"They would tell instantly that one was 1000% better."
Queensland Dairy Organisation president Brian Tessman said the state industry "should not be stuffed", with demand for milk both here and overseas being so strong.
He wants the State Government to act to help save the industry.
"The government needs to look at this question," he said.
"Is killing the cheapest and best sort of milk for Queensland producers something that should happen?
"The government should see that the market for domestic milk operates fairly and freely."
Agriculture minister John McVeigh said the government would do everything to help through cutting red tape but could not offer any financial assistance to dairy farmers.
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In a safety valve for a hermetically sealed container, which valve includes a carrier plate having a lateral edge flange for fastening the carrier plate to the container and presenting a shallow recess having a base provided with a central opening, a flexible diaphragm inserted in the recess and covering the central opening, and a viscous sealing agent interposed between the base of the recess and the diaphragm, a clamping member is disposed in the recess and provided with pressing jaws positioned to clamp an edge region of the diaphragm against the base of the recess.
1. In a safety valve for a hermetically sealed container, which valve includes a carrier plate having a lateral edge flange for fastening the carrier plate to the container and presenting a shallow recess having a base provided with an opening, a flexible diaphragm inserted in the recess and covering the opening, and a viscous sealing agent interposed between the base of the recess and the diaphragm, the improvement comprising a clamping member disposed in said recess and provided with pressing jaws positioned to clamp an edge region of said diaphragm against said base of said recess and a bar connecting said pressing jaws to form a unit therewith and having a lesser thickness than said pressing jaws.
2. A valve as defined in claim 1 wherein said clamping member has two said pressing jaws disposed diametrically opposite one another.
3. A valve as defined in claim 2 wherein said bar is connected with said pressing jaws at the center of said pressing jaws.
4. A valve as defined in claim 1 wherein said carrier plate is provided with an edge bead which projects toward the interior of said recess at the open edge portion of said recess.
5. A valve as defined in claim 4 wherein said pressing jaws are clamped in between said edge bead and said diaphragm.
6. A valve as defined in claim 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 wherein said diaphragm has a thickness of between 0.02 and 0.05 mm and a circular outline.
7. A valve as defined in claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 wherein said edge flange surrounds said recess and has an annular, bead-like form whose base is greater than its height, said flange serving for concentrating ultrasonic energy when said carrier plate is welded to the container.
8. A valve as defined in claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 further comprising means disposed around said opening for separating particles which may be carried along in a gas stream when said valve is opened to effect pressure equalization.
9. A valve as defined in claim 8 wherein said means comprise a plurality of concentric grooves in said base.
10. Method for forming an assembly of the valve defined in claim 1 with the container, comprising: assembling said valve by inserting said diaphragm and said clamping member in said recesses and introducing said viscous sealing agent between said base and said diaphragm; providing a panel of material which can be shaped into a tube to form the container, has at least one layer of thermoplastic material, and is provided with a gas passage; placing said valve with said flange against said thermoplastic layer so that said valve is at least approximately centered on said gas passage; and welding said flange and said panel together by application of wave energy.
11. Method as defined in claim 10 wherein untrasound waves are used as the wave energy.
The present invention relates to an excess pressure valve, or safety valve, for a hermetically sealed flexible container and to a method for installing such valve.
Valves of this type serve the purpose of discharging gases which are emitted by the material filling the container. Without such valves the bags would inflate in an undesirable manner so that, inter alia, stacking of such bags in stores would be made difficult, to say the least. Moreover, inflated bags are also difficult to pack in boxes holding large quantities thereof.
Various forms of such excess pressure valves are known. The valve disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,595,467 composed of a hollow body which is provided with a passage and is formed of a base member welded to the bag and a hollow member forming a cover. The cover has a centrally disposed projection with which a flexible resilient disc is pressed against the passage in the base member. When there is excess gas pressure in the container, the disc is lifted away from the base member at the opening and gas can flow through the passage to be discharged through the opening in the cover. One drawback of such a valve is that when the valve is manufactured the parts must be assembled in a centered manner. A circular opening must be cut in the container wall and the valve must be inserted there in a centered manner. Such precise alignment of various parts, where a distinction must be made between top and bottom on some parts, requires additional means on packaging machines which additionally raise the cost of manufacture of such bags.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,799,427 discloses an improved valve in which a conical abutment is placed in the region of the passage opening and a viscous intermediate layer is added between the valve member and valve seat. Although this provides a better distinction between the open and the closed positions of the valve, the above-mentioned drawbacks continue to exist.
German Auslegeschrift [Published Application] No. 2,603,712 proceeds on a different path. Here the circular elastic disc is supported along its edge as well as in its center at a point concentric therewith and is additionally clamped in along its edge. An annular recess is formed between the edge support and the concentric location and this recess is connected with openings in the surface of the base member by means of a plurality of channels through a projection on the base member. The cover and the disc each have an opening in their centers. Here again the same drawbacks can be noted.
In contradistinction thereto, German Auslegeschrift No. 2,634,226 discloses a valve having a simpler design. This valve includes an annular, elastic valve element which is seated in a groove of a central pin in a plate-shaped valve element and rests on two ribs which are concentric to the pin. The openings for entry of the gas are disposed in the region between the pin and the inner rib. The valve element is provided with a flange with which it is fastened to the container wall. The gas is discharged through an opening in the container wall. Here again, the manufacture of the valve member involves additional work in that the elastic valve element must be inserted into the groove of the pin. Moreover, the arrangement of the sealing elements results in a complicated and therefore expensive casting or injection molding and the plate-shaped valve element requires a considerable amount of material.
A less expensive arrangement is disclosed in German Auslegeschrift No. 2,848,834. This arrangement includes a flat valve base provided with an eccentrically disposed valve hole which is covered by a valve diaphragm. This diaphragm is pressed against the valve base by means of holders at both sides of the valve hole. Here again the individual parts must be assembled in a precise mutual alignment. Moreover, such a valve must be disposed at the exterior of the container so that there is the danger that it will tear off.
Accordingly it is an object of the present invention to provide a valve of the above described type which is inexpensive to manufacture with respect to the amount of material required and with respect to the precision required in its assembly and attachment at the bag.
The above and other objects are achieved, according to the present invention, in a safety valve for a hermetically sealed container, which valve includes a carrier plate having a lateral edge flange for fastening the carrier plate to the container and presenting a shallow recess having a base provided with a central opening, a flexible diaphragm inserted in the recess and covering the central opening, and a viscous sealing agent interposed between the base of the recess and the diaphragm, by the provision of a clamping member disposed in the recess and provided with pressing jaws positioned to clamp an edge region of the diaphragm against the base of the recess.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of a valve according to the invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the valve of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the edge flange of FIG. 1 in enlarged scale.
The valve shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is composed of a cup-shaped carrier plate 10 having an external edge flange 11, a radially inwardly directed edge bead 12 at the interior side wall of the recess in the carrier plate 10, and a base region 13. In the center of the base region 13 of the carrier plate 10 there is an opening 14 which is surrounded by, for example, concentric grooves 15. A diaphragm 20 rests on the base region 13.
A clamping member 30 composed of lateral pressing jaws 31 and 32 and a bar 33 connecting jaws 31 and 32 is disposed in the cup-shaped recess formed by plate 10 and is held in place by bead 12. As is shown in FIG. 1, the pressing jaws 31, 32 and the bar 33 are designed to be symmetrical with respect to a horizontal median plane so that the vertical center cross-section has the shape of a dumbbell. The two pressing jaws 31 and 32 rest on edge regions of the diaphragm 20.
The safety valve is fastened to a container wall 1 at the interior of the container, the wall 1 being provided with a hole 2.
The effect of the valve according to the present invention is very easy to understand. An excess pressure in the interior region I of the container extends into the central opening 14 and bulges out the diaphragm 20 in such a manner that it is pressed away from its support on the base region 13. In regions 21 and 22, shown in FIG. 2, the diaphragm 20 is not directly pressed against region 13 and can be pushed away from base region 13 as far as its edge so that the gas is able to escape. During discharge of the gas, the grooves 15 form a sort of labyrinth to collect dust-like particles from the container contents in such a manner that these particles cannot reach the regions 21 and 22 of the diaphragm where it would possibly reduce the sealing effect.
The valve according to the invention can be manufactured from a thermoplastic material in simple molds by an injection molding process. The bead 12 of the carrier plate 10 poses no manufacturing difficulties since the bead can have small dimensions and can thus easily be removed from a mold.
During assembly it is merely necessary that care be taken to position the carrier plate 10 in such a manner that its recess opens toward the container wall. The diaphragm 20 which is made of a sheet-like, soft plastic, such as, for example, a polyester film having a thickness of 0.035 mm, need not be inserted in a precisely centered manner and the clamping member 30 can be made to be self-centering in that its edges are tapered so that conventional tolerances suffice for the precision required in positioning it in the carrier plate.
A layer of a viscous sealing agent, such as silicone oil, is introduced between the base region 13 and the diaphragm 20. This assures a good seal between the diaphragm 20 and the base region 13 once the recess pressure in the container interior I has been reduced.
A circumferential attachment edge may be provided on the surface of the edge flange 11 to fasten the valve to the container wall 1 by application of wave energy. Ultrasound (US) energy, is used as the wave energy.
As is known from US-energy welding the welding seam can be made equal throughout when one part is provided with a rib of about 0.1 to 1.0 mm high which concentrates the wave energy into a small area. This rib 16 is shown in greater scale in FIG. 3. With the wave energy this rib 16 is at least partially molten by the wave energy and the material of this rib 16 bonds with the material of the container wall 1.
One preferred material for the container wall 1 and for the carrier plate 10 is polyethylene.
It will be understood that the above description of the present invention is susceptible to various modifications, changes and adaptations, and the same are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the appended claims.
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The Federal Aviation Administration plans to start making general aviation information, such as flight plans, available to the general public through an online site. The FAA will block the information only if general aviation operators can prove valid security concerns. The identity of those on board, however, will not be disclosed.
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Bioscience & Health Portal -- Overview
New medical diagnostic tests, improving the quality and cost-effectiveness of health care electronic records, reference materials for laboratory test methods, faster screening of promising vaccines, these are a few of the many areas where National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) research serves the needs of the bioscience and health care community. NIST collaborates extensively with other federal and private organizations to provide the new measurements and standards methods, tools, and data needed to advance biosciences and health research. Bioscience and Health represent a large portion of that content.
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Regulatory and health agencies within the US, Canada, and countries within Europe are continuously identifying compounds of suspected carcinogenic … more
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The NIST Mass and Fragment Calculator is a program written in Visual Basic which calculates the mass of an input peptide or protein sequence along … more
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Showing 130 Results for maryland
Alabama/Florida St. Top First BCS Rankings Of 2013
College Football 2013: 5 Big Questions for Week 8
It's a little sad to think that we've already reached the halfway point of this college football season. Still, there are a lot of important games still to come. Here are the big questions as we go into Week 8:
How Will This ACC Showdown Impact the BCS and Heisman Races?
While it may not garner the hype of last month's Alabama-Texas A&M game, the stakes in this week's Florida State-Clemson matchup are just as big. The winner of this


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Varndell out for 12 weeks
ESPNscrum Staff
February 15, 2011
Wasps wing Tom Varndell has been ruled out for 12 weeks © Getty Images
Wasps' Aviva Premiership play-off hopes have been dealt a major blow after wing Tom Varndell was ruled out for up to 12 weeks.
The 25-year-old England international has been an ever-present this season but suffered an ankle ligament injury in Sunday's 10-9 loss to Gloucester at Adams Park. He will now undergo surgery before beginning a lengthy rehab period.
"We are really disappointed for Tom, especially as this season he has been injury-free and has been involved in every single game," Wasps director of rugby Tony Hanks said. "His form has been very strong and we will certainly miss him but are confident he will make a full recovery."
The injury means Varndell, who has scored 12 tries so far this season, will miss the trip for his former club Leicester on Saturday.
© ESPN Sports Media Ltd.
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Jones key to Wales World Cup plans
Huw Richards assesses where Wales are after a mixed Six Nations, with front row seats still very much available for the World Cup
Attacking revolution will be fleeting
John Mitchell lapped up the action on 'Sensational Saturday' - but warns not to expect a repeat come Rugby World Cup time later this year
Ireland, England are dangers if ...
Craig Dowd warns England, Ireland and Wales they should play to their strengths rather than those of the All Blacks and the Wallabies
Six Nations prospects for the World Cup
Tom Hamilton runs the rule over just where the six countries stand ahead of the global gathering in September


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Canadians: Income -about $40,000.00 ... -Income Tax ... $0.00
Income about $40,000. ... but income tax $00.00 ... impossible, you say?
Well, that's true, for most of us.
There are several provisos, as I assume that you'll suspect - and rightly so.
1. The "taxpayer" must be rich.
2. The "taxpayer must have only one kind of income.
3. The "Taxpayer" can't work.
Well, if s/he feels a responsibility to do some work in order to pay his/her way in society, that's fine - but s/he can't take pay for it ...
... and still be totally without income tax liability.
Don't get me wrong - the benefit that I referred to will still be there for that worker who has employment income, but the taxpayer won't be able to avoid tax entirely.
If a person has a million in assets that are invested in stocks of Canadian companies that pay 4%, producing income of $40,000 (more or less), and that "taxpayer" has no other income ...
... the use of the dividend tax credit coupled with the non-refundable tax credits that every taxpayer enjoys will mean that there is no tax to pay.
If the "taxpayer" is over 65, thus qualifies for the senior's tax credit, the amount of income can be larger, and if gifts are made to charity, or one has more than 3% of net income in medical expenses, an even larger income can be obtained without tax liability.
But - hold on a minute. At age 65, most of us who have certain years of residency in Canada receive the Old Age Security. And we have all contributed to Canada Pension Plan, so we can choose to begin drawing that (assuming that we are substantially retired) at any time between ages 60 and 70, with 6% per year penalty if claimed prior to 65, and 6% annual increase if not claimed till after 65.
Which will mean that, like the employed person who receives employment income, such seniors can't avoid paying any tax at all.
But the benefit still is there.
The tax-free amount used to be around $25,000.00, until they revamped the tax system, last year.
Remember how I said that I prefer earning Canadian dividends to earning interest?
That's part of the reason - I pay tax at top marginal rate on every dollar of interest earnings.
Anybody qualify now?
Or - interested in re-arranging your financial affairs in order to take advantage of the opportunity?
Hope you've had a lovely week, and are looking forward to the weekend.
ole joyful
Hi Bush-league,
The self-employed system is a whole other ball game.
In the "Retirement" forum I've said that every retiree should have a home-based business, as it gives one the opportunity for some nice tax deductions (that one needs to be able to justify as legit. business expense in the likely possibility that the Canada Revenue Agency comes calling).
If you have enough surplus over the needs of your business that you can make some investments, no doubt if you need a business loan you'll get a much lower rate of interest if you have such collateral than if there is a much lower level of security that you can offer the lending agency.
Problem is - usually, if you're using equity-based assets, they'll only lend you $100. for every $200. worth of asset (and want some more cash/security fast in case the value of your asset shrinks below that ratio).
If you use bonds, usually they'll lend up to 90% (but I don't like bonds, for other reassons).
Hope you have a great week - and good wishes for success in your business, provided that you treat suppliers, employees and clients fairly.
ole joyful
P.S. You don't, by any chance, happen to be related to that other "Bush", do you?
o j
Hi again, everyone,
Update on the above info, offered by my friend the accountant whom I first met at the investment group about 5 years or more ago. The guy who retired last year, without a pension, and who now borrows at about 6% (interest deductible when used for investment) and puts it out to earn about 12% (much of current return at low tax rate, some of it deferred, to be taxed at low rate when withdrawn).
He says that the amount of current income that that can be obtained free of tax is closer to $50,000.00.
Same provisos as outlined above - with possibility of bumping up the amount that is received free of tax given some of the situations as mentioned.
Sorry that the situation applies only to Canadian residents, folks.
Good wishes to you and yours.
ole joyful
P.S. We had a visitor/new member at our investment group last week, who said that she felt rather at sea, among such skilled investors.
We told her not to feel bad - that in the investment game, there are no stupid questions. That she should ask any of us to explain various terms or situations that were unfamiliar to her. Each of us learns as we go, a step at a time.
Compensation usually increases commensurate with increased knowledge!
o j


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"G.I. Joe: Retaliation" is off to a solid start at the box office, taking in $2.2 million in early Wednesday evening and midnight shows.
Paramount's PG-rated action sequel opens officially on Thursday but got a jump on the long weekend with screenings at 7 and 9 p.m. Wednesday, taking the midnight-opening concept a step beyond the norm. Analysts expect "Retaliation' to dominate the Easter weekend box office and take in around $45 million over the four-plus days.
Dwayne Johnson, Bruce Willis and Channing Tatum star in the sequel to the 2009′s "G.I. Joe: the Rise of Cobra." Paramount financed and produced the film with MGM and Skydance Productions in association with Hasbro, maker of the iconic toys upon which the film's characters are based. Lorenzo di Bonaventura and Brian Goldner produced..
Retaliation originally was set to open last summer, but the studio pushed back the release in order to convert it to 3D and tweak Tatum's role. The 3D allows for $3 to $4 ticket price upticks. More than 3,000 of the roughly 3,700 theaters showing "G.I. Joe" will be screening the film in the format, along with another 300 Imax screens. Though its official opening date is Thursday, Paramount is getting a big jump on the weekend, debuting the film in a numbers of theaters starting at 7 p.m. Wednesday.
The first 'G.I. Joe" film brought in about $300 million at the global box office, split almost evenly between domestic and foreign. The buzz and anticipation surrounding "Retaliation" has been as strong or stronger than for the first film, and analysts believe "Retaliation" should come close to that domestic total and exceed the foreign number.
"Retaliation" will open in 53 foreign markets this weekend, and that's where the studio's decision to convert to 3D could really pay off. The format is still something of a novelty in many countries, and the percentage of 3D screens is very high.
D.J. Cotrona, Byung-hun Lee, Adrianne Palicki, Ray Park, Jonathan Pryce and Ray Stevenson costar.
Special thanks for the story written by Todd Cunningham (TheWrap).
If you have not gone into theaters to see GI Joe— here's a trailer in 3D that YOU SHOULD WATCH BEFORE CHECKING IT OUT in the cinemas!
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1 Comment
08/31/2011 - 07:58
The best pinto beans are prepared this way:Wash beans,put in slow cooker. Add one medium chopped onion, five or more garlic cloves, salt and small amount of sugar. Cover with water plus a couple of inches. Cook on high in slow cooker for 7 hours. If the juice isn't thick the next day, put the whole thing in a pot, put on the stove and cook until the juice is as thick as you like it. Delicious !! You may add chili powder or whatever seasonings you wish,but I like mine without the extras (except they must have lots of onion and garlic cooked in them.) Enjoy, y'all !!!. d, put on stove and cook on low until juice is nice and thick. U-m-m-m-m-m very good. (Add cumin if you like or chili powder, etc.