text:
The Job Creators
Colorado Public Radio's Public Insight Network relies on you.
Your work, education and life experience, even your hobbies, give you knowledge and insight. As part of our Public Insight Network, your personal experience can inform the reporting that you hear on Colorado Public Radio.
Jobs are the political issue these days.
Colorado Public Radio News is working with the State Integrity Project to explore which state's laws and practices are at risk for corruption.
The U.S. Attorney in Colorado is cracking down on medical marijuana dispensaries near schools.
Occupy Wall Street protests have spread to Colorado. We asked Coloradans to share their experience with protests through our Public Insight Network. Here's a sampling of their comments:
Story Produced by Lee Hill and Ben Markus
We read from your e-mail and comments to our Public Insight Network, on your reactions to the pine beetle epidemic.


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I have to get the content of a persian page and show a part of that page to some users. The problem is after I filter the page content I cannot show the content with the proper encoding. The webpage is located at sena.ir and here is the screen shot of the original webpage part I want to show:
And here is what I got:
Here is the function I use to get the page content:
function getPage($url, $referer="", $timeout="", $header=""){
$curl = curl_init();
curl_setopt ($curl, CURLOPT_REFERER, $referer);
$headers [] = 'Accept: image/gif, image/x-bitmap, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg';
$headers [] = 'Connection: Keep-Alive';
$headers [] = 'Content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8 '; // I Tried iso-..... as well but no chance
$user_agent = 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1; .NET CLR 1.0.3705; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; Media Center PC 4.0)';
$compression = "gzip";
curl_setopt ($curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers );
curl_setopt ($curl, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0 );
curl_setopt ($curl, CURLOPT_USERAGENT, $user_agent );
curl_setopt ($curl, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1 );
curl_setopt ($curl, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, 1 );
curl_setopt ($curl, CURLOPT_POST, 0 );
curl_setopt ($curl, CURLOPT_ENCODING, $compression );
curl_setopt ($curl, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 300 );
curl_setopt ($curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, 0 );
curl_setopt ($curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, 0 );
curl_setopt ($curl, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
$html = curl_exec ($curl);
curl_close ($curl);
return $html;
$content = getPage("http://sena.ir/");
$p1 = strpos($content,'
');
$p2 = strpos($content,"
",$p1);
$content = substr($content, $p1, $p2-$p1);
echo $content;

subset: commoncrawl


text:
By Marlene Y. Satter |
October 26, 2011
This week in new hires, Len Reinhart joined Wealthcare Capital's board, Andrew J. Bowden was appointed the SEC's new associate director of advisor exams, and the Senate confirmed Luis Aguilar and Daniel Gallagher as SEC commissioners.
By Marlene Y. Satter |
October 25, 2011
Wealthcare Capital Management announced Tuesday that Len Reinhart, the former president and founder of the Lockwood family of companies, will join the firm's board of directors.
Introducing an Advanced Investment Product Advisor Course at CFFP & a presentation focusing on financial planning, expectations and strategies for different generations.
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Reader comments are listed below. Comments are currently closed and new comments are no longer being accepted.
Zarathustra-I agree with you that the United States has been hypocritical in assigning countries different tiers according to how they're fighting human trafficking. I also want to reiterate what Human Rights Atlanta said about the US putting the spotlight on itself. Yes, the US may have different political motives for putting the spotlight on other countries, but it's a start. Moreover, hypocrisy shouldn't keep the US from trying to do something to ameliorate the situation. At least something is being done. I forgot who said this, but it has really stuck with me ever since I read it, "Hypocrisy is the tribute that vice pays to virtue." It's necessary to go through hypocrisy to eventually get to a solution. I'm not trying to justify past American atrocities and it could definitely do more, but I don't find it fair to hate on the US just because it's hypocritical, you could make that assertion against any other nation. I do think it's fair, though, to be critical of the American government, especially because of its international influence.
My last comment was for "Jet Screamer". Just in case it should not be clear.
The origin of the Pattaya sex business goes back to the Vietnam war. Soldiers temporarily off duty/on furlough went there to relax and fuck. Fuck girls that were brought there from all corners of Thailand solely for that purpose. No Vietnam, no Pattaya as we know it today. And the State Department then could not care less whether the "girls" were forced into it or not. Got it now, mate?
PS: If you need more information on Angeles City and the US army's role there let me know.
We are trying to have a rational logic debate here. Certainly, putting words into people's mouths is not an honourable thing to do. By assuming Susan Hammond is in favor of slavery or she opposes to those opposing it while he knows clearly she is not, John just has done that. He probably is impressed with the "smart" technique he used in his arguement. However, I am amazed with the implication of his logic that anyone who disagrees with US government on this issue is in favor of slavery. Then US government must be some sort of saint we can not criticise even backed with evidence like what Susan did. Who says there are not enough saints in Washington.
If the issue of enslavement of women and children is urgent, then addressing the issue correctly and objectly is equally important.
Confession: I know John does not think people should not criticise US government and he does not think US government is some sort of saint. What I said above has nothing to do with having a rational debate, it is simply to use the some technique John uses on Susan. And I am not very proud of myself doing that.
I am not against America and its army in general. Nor am I against voluntary prostitution, which in many parts of the world is the norm, not the exception. What I am against is hypocracy!
Containing Iran: The Sunnis strike back
Middle East and Africa
The Amanda Knox verdict: Innocente
Harry Reid's retirement: Republicans get their wish
Democracy in America
Emerging markets: Predicting the next crisis
Free exchange
Nuclear talks with Iran: Distrust and verify
Middle East and Africa
Scientology film: Hammering at the walls
Nigeria's election: A powder keg
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Update (5:28pm, 13 September): Tickets have now sold out for the evening show on 18 September. Update (16 September, 2:30pm): The performances on 18 and 20 September are now sold out. Subject to availability. Valid for a Price Band A ticket for performances on 17,18 and 20 September. All prices quoted include the venue's obligatory per-ticket fees. A one-off transaction fee of £4 applies. Recommended as suitable for over-13s, subject to guidance, as the story deals with adult themes and includes some brief moments of nudity. Must be used in one visit. Full terms and conditions below.See all terms
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Hang tight!
Recipe by Kikkoman
"Large shrimp, marinated in Kikkoman Lime Ponzu, are served with a tasty corn-avocado salsa."
Watch video tips and tricks
1 pound
large size shrimp (about 21 per pound)
2/3 cup
Kikkoman Lime Ponzu
1 (11 ounce) can
Mexican style corn, drained
1/4 cup
chopped red onion
avocado, small dice
2 cloves
garlic, minced
1 teaspoon
chili powder
1/2 cup
cilantro, chopped
This is AMAZING. For appetizer appeal and ease of serving, I ended up putting a dollop of the salsa in mini taco chip cups with one shrimp placed on top, garnished with a sprig of cilantro. Everyone kept coming back for more!
I started making this about a year ago and I am still hooked. I Followed the recipe as is but either grilled the shrimp or just thawed it. You can also eat it taco style.
Every time I made it for others to share, they LOVE it.. you can't go wrong with this it is soooo yummy :-)
5 Ratings
This is my new go to shrimp, it has so much flavor. I did use fresh corn cut off the cob and did not cook it so it still had a nice crisp to it, I maranated the shrimp for several hours as I wanted to really capture the ponzu flavor, if you don't have it just use soy sauce and lemon also I did add a little cajun seasoning. Thanks for sharing
Fantastic as is, but I like to add some siracha (hot chili garlic sauce) and roasted rice wine vinegar and marinade for several hours. I pan fried in olive oil and was FABULOUS!!! Used the same sauce combo as a dipping sauce...got rave reviews and sooo easy!
This was excellent. I could not find mexican style corn so I used a can of sweet yellow/white corn. We are making it again tonight for part of dinner, not just the starter. The only thing that I changed this time is to add a bit of heat so instead of the chili powder I roasted a plabano on the stove and added that instead. This is going to be my go-to shrimp recipe from now on.
* Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet.
Lime Ponzu Shrimp and Corn
Serving Size: 1/4 of a recipe
Servings Per Recipe: 4
Amount Per Serving
Calories: 289
Calories from Fat: 80
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Poll: What story do you want me to write next? ZoLu, LuNa or SanLu friendship? Pls look at my story ideas for descriptions. Vote Now!
Author has written 32 stories for One Piece.
Hello everyone :D
To all my readers: I'm really sorry people. I put Pain Of Love on hiatus and I really don't know when I will write again. I know that sucks but it can't be helped. Sorry!
Something 'bout me:
Gender: female
Age: Nineteen
Wohoo, my story Wonderfool was translated into Italian! I'm so happy!! Thanks so much, Honyaku, for translating my story ,D She's done a 'wonderfool' job!
Here's the link:
Thank you guys so much for faving me or my stories!! Makes me so glad ! It's safe to say I always smile like an idiot when I see I got a new review ;D Me loves reviews, and thanks SO MUCH to everyone who has reviewed to my stories so far!!
-Request from crazzyredhead: Pain of Love. Genre: Hurt/Comfort, Family, Adventure. Summary: What if the strawhat crew were really eliminated by Kuma, and Luffy was the only survivour? What if he managed to safe Ace from his execution but saw Garp dying instead? Luffy and Ace manage to escape from the battle, but the loss of Whitebeard, their Gramps and Luffy's precious nakama is huge. So Luffy and his big bro plan on training together again to find the One Piece. Will they be able to solve the mystery and learn what really happened during the lost century? What secrets are hidden on Unicon? -On hiatus- Chpt 14 up!
-Sing me a song. Another ZoLu fic. Genre: Drama, Romance. Summary: Luffy doesn't have many friends, so one day his best friend Sanji takes him to a disco. Luffy refuses at first, but soon comes along. In the disco he not only discovers his talent for singing but also gets to know Zoro, a guitar player in the local band. Zoro's also one of Sanji's friends, so the two of them begin to meet each other more often. But soon Sanji finds out some shocking news about Luffy, or more his family. He and Zoro want to help Luffy find a way out of his nightmare, but things get out of control. In the end, Sanji just knows the boy is scared, and suddenly Luffy disappears.
-Minding other people's problems... is her business. AU. Genre: Hurt/Comfort, Romance. Pairing: LuNa, maybe others. Summary: New World High School. If you ever got a problem of any kind, go to Nami, she'll give you the right advice, in exchange for money of course. Everyone knows her and soon she's not only popular at the school but also known as 'the oracle of New World'. But as a loud boy comes to her, she realizes it isn't just some dating advice she has to give, but a real problem she has to solve. Will she be able to help the weird boy? And trying to get her own life and feelings under control at the same time?
-Brother, my brother. AU. Genre: Family, Drama. Maybe some ZoLu and SanNa, but the focus is on SanLu friendship/brotherhood. Summary: Sanji and Luffy, both orphans with a dark past, are being adopted by Akagami Shanks, a rich, kind man. Everything seems fine, safe for the fact the two new 'brothers' can't get along very well. How come they hate each other so much? Why doesn't Sanji want a younger brother? Why does Luffy refuse to call Sanji his older brother? And how are they going to cope with the daily school life if there's always a dark shadow looming over them?
Post this on your profile if you HATE RACISM!
The white man said, "Colored people aren't allowed here." The black man turned around and stood up.
He then said: "Listen sir...when I was born I was Black, when I grew up I was Black, when I'm sick I'm Black, when I go in the sun I'm Black, when I'm cold I'm Black and when I die I will be Black. But you sir, when you're born you're Pink, when you grow up you where White, when you're sick you're Green, when you're in the sun you're Red, when you're cold you're Blue, and when you die you will be Purple. And you have the nerve to call me colored?" The black man turned around and sat down, and the white man walked away...
(Seriously, people, stop the hate! Racism is pathetic.)
FRIENDS: Never ask for anything to eat or drink.
BEST FRIENDS: Helps themselves and are the reason why you have no food.
FRIENDS: Call your parents by Mr. and Mrs. and Grandpa, by Grandpa.
BEST FRIENDS: Call your parents DAD and MOM and Grandpa, GRAMPS!
FRIENDS: Would bail you out of jail.
BEST FRIENDS: Would be sitting next to you sayin "DAMN!" we messed up!
FRIENDS: Have never seen you cry.
BEST FRIENDS: Wont tell everyone else you cried...just laugh about it with you in private when your not down anymore.
FRIENDS: Asks you to write down your number.
BEST FRIENDS: Has you on speed dial.
FRIENDS: Borrows your stuff for a few days then gives it back.
BEST FRIENDS: Loses your stuff and tells you, "My bad...here's a tissue."
FRIENDS: Only know a few things about you.
BEST FRIENDS: Could write a very embarrassing biography on your life story...
FRIENDS: Will leave you behind if that is what the crowd is doing.
BEST FRIENDS: Will kick the whole crowds ass that left you
FRIENDS: Would knock on your front door.
BEST FRIENDS: Walk right in and say "I'M HOME."
FRIENDS: You have to tell them not to tell anyone.
BEST FRIENDS: Already know not to tell.
FRIENDS: Are only through high school/college. (aka: drinking buddies)
BEST FRIENDS: Are for life.
FRIENDS: Will be there to take your drink away from you when they think you've had enough.
BEST FRIENDS: Will look at you stumbling all over the place & say "Girl drink the rest of that ! You know we don't waste!
FRIENDS: Would read ignore this.
BEST FRIENDS: Will repost this !!
(copy, and no, I didnt write this! ;D)
For people that hate stereotypes: If you think people should just shut up and stop, put this on your profile. (BOLD the ones you are.)
You know you live in 2010 when...
1.) You accidentaly enter your password on a microwave.
2.) You haven't played solitare with real cards for years.
3.) The reason for not staying in touch with your friends is they dont have a screenname or myspace.
4.) You'd rather look all over the house for the remote instead of just pushing the buttons on the TV.
6.) You immediately defended yourself by saying 'The TV doesn't have buttons anymore!'
7.) You just realized you were defending yourself against an inanimate object.
8.) You are smiling and nodding to yourself.
9.) And you were too busy to notice number 5.
10.) You scrolled back up to see if there was a number 5.
11.) Now you are laughing at your stupidity.
12.) Put this in your profile if you fell for that ;)
Most girls; Are cheerleaders
Other girls; Are captain of the football team
Most girls; Cry, bitch and stuff themselves with chocolate for a week after their boyfriend breaks up with them
Other girls; Put a sign on their ex-boyfriends back that says; "Never gonna get any"
Most girls: Learn how to bake bread and cakes from their mom
Other girls; Learn how to Barbecue from their dad.
Most girls; Play with dolls with their sister
Other girls: Play video games with their brother
Most girls; Have fits and plan revenge
Other girls: Play pranks
Most girls; Slap people
Other girls: Punch people
Most girls; Become anorexic and shove their fingers down their throats
Other girls; Would down a whole bag of Potato chips and not give a crap
Most girls; Would think this was garbage
Other girls: Would copy and paste this
You love hoodies.
You wear lip gloss/chapstick.
Lol I guess that's okay :D
You Say Pink I Say Black. You Say Miley Cyrus I Say SHE SUCKS. You Say Zac Efron I Say WTF! You Say Pop I Say Rock. You Say Im Weird I Say Im Different xD PUT THIS ON YOUR PROFILE IF YOU AGREE!
If you've ever gotten confused because the main characters in a book have the same names as you and your best friend or someone else you're close to, poste this into your profile.
If you've been on the computer for hours on end, reading numerous fanfictions, copy this onto your profile, and add your name to this list: Danyan, Avatarwolf, Shifter-youkai ChOpstIcKsXOXO, blood-fire-dragon, Aqua and Marine, yaoifan124, Neko11.
Don't play stupid with me...I'm better at it!
When life gives you lemons, make grape juice, then sit back and enjoy while others try to figure out how you did it.
Don't knock on death's door. Ring the bell and run away- he hates that.
Crazy is when you stare at a pencil and laugh when someone asks you just what you find so interesting about the eraser.
Crazy is when you have an hour long sob-fest, then start singing and dancing when your favorite song plays.
Crazy is when you do or say a totally random thing, like "do you ever wonder where the eraser bits go?" or start having a thumbwar with yourself (I find that I am a very tough opponent). So if you're crazy, copy this onto your profile ;).
If you're against racism, prejuice, discrimination, or even stereotype, copy and paste this to your profile
Those who dont learn from history are doomed to repeat it.
Pluto was declared no longer a planet on August 27 of 2006 just because it was 'too small' and 'off its orbit' for a couple scientists' likings. If you still think Pluto should be a planet then copy this onto ya profile. LONG LIVE PLUTO! :D
Never argue with an idiot. They'll just drag you down to their level and beat you with experience.
I'm the girl who will burst out laughing in a dead silent room because of something that happened yesterday. (LOL so true xD)
If you can read this message, you are blessed because over two billion people in the world cannot read at all:
I cdnuolt blveiee taht I cluod aulaclty
uesdnatnrd waht I was rdanieg. The phaonmneal
pweor of the hmuan mnid. Aoccdrnig to a
rscheearch at Cmabrigde Uinervtisy, it deosn't
mttaer in waht oredr the ltteers in a wrod are, the
olny iprmoatnt tihng is taht the frist and lsat ltteer
be in the rghit pclae. The rset can be a taotl
mses and you can sitll raed it wouthit a porbelm.
Tihs is bcuseae the huamn mnid deos not raed
ervey lteter by istlef, but the wrod as a wlohe.
Amzanig huh? Yaeh and I awlyas toghuht slpeling
was ipmorantt! tahts so cool!
If you could read that put it in your profile!
If you love rain, copy and paste this into your profile.
If you have ever run into a door, copy this into your profile.
If you have ever had a mad laughing fit for absolutely no reason, copy and paste this into your profile.
If you have ever pushed on a door that said pull or vice versa copy this into your profile.
If you like smiley faces, copy this into your profile :)
If you've ever wished you could go into a book and strangle one of the characters for being so dumb copy and paste this to your profile.
If you like chocolate, copy and paste this into your profile.
If you ever wished that you could talk to animals, paste this into your profile.
If you're against animal cruelty then copy this into your profile!
"I GOTTA JAR OF DIRT!! I GOTTA JAR OF DIRT!!!" If you have a jar of dirt then copy and paste this in your profile.
Quotes I love:
"Life is what happens while you're busy making other plans". - John Lennon
"A computer once beat me at chess, but it was no match for me at kick boxing!" I have no idea who said that but I found it funny
"I am so clever that sometimes I don't understand a single word of what I'm saying." - Oscar Wilde
Against the assault of laughter nothing can stand Mark Twain
Age is an issue of mind over matter. If you don't mind, it doesn't matter.Mark Twain
Don't go around saying the world owes you a living. The world owes you nothing. It was here first. Mark Twain
Force always attracts men of low morality. Albert Einstein
I have no special talent. I am only passionately curious. Albert Einstein
Logic will get you from A to B. Imagination will take you everywhere. Albert Einstein
Our lives begin to end the day we become silent about things that matter. Martin Luther King
Quotes from songs:
I'd rather be a forest than a street. El condor pasa ( Simon & Garfunkel)
Tell me what's wrong with society, when everywhere I look I see rich guys driving SUV's while kids are starving in the street. Crazy (Simple Plan)
Living is easy with eyes closed. Strawberry Fields forever ( Beatles)
You can't turn back the clock, you can't turn back the time. Ain't that a shame? These are the days of our lives ( Queen)
It's just another day for you and me in paradise. Paradise (Phil Collins)
How many ears must one man have before he can hear people cry? Blowin' in the wind (Bob Dylan)
Life is old there, older than the trees, younger than the mountains, growing like a breeze. Take me home, country roads (John Denver)
Well I'm not dumb but I can't understand why she walks like a woman and talks like a man. Lola (Kinks)
It's been a hard day's night. A hard day's night (Beatles)
Optimism is my best defence. Baby Jane (Rod Stuart)
Ain't it good to be alive? Angie (Rolling Stones)
When I think back on all the crap I've learned in high school, it's a wonder I can think at all. Kodachrome (Paul Simon)
We learned more from a three minutes record than we ever learned at school. No surrender (Bruce Springsteen)
Quotes from movies:
Jack Sparrow: You shall remember this day... as the day... you almost caught Captain Jack Sparrow! (I love that quote! :D)
Jack Sparrow: Don't touch my dirt.
Rocky Horror Picture Show: You're wet. - Yeah, it's raining. (Dunno why, I just had to laugh at that xD)
Lord of the Rings: Gandalf: You shall not pass! and, of course, Fly you fools!
Gandalf: Fool of a Took!
Boromir: One does not simply walk into Mordor.
Gollum: My preciousssss!
One of the best quotes of One Piece (yes there are many many more, One Piece's just epic) :
Luffy: I can't fight with swords. I'm terrible at cooking. I can't lie. I can't navigate. I'm nothing without my nakama.
Arlong (laughs) : Then what can you do?
Luffy (smirks) : I can defeat you.
Other OP quotes I love (random order):
-Johnny: Were all problems to be solved by apologies, we wouldn't need the marine.
-Rayleigh: Can you really do this...? The Grand Line is just going to keep going on... surpassing your wildest imaginations! And the enemies will be strong. Can you really conquer this ultimate ocean?
-Brook: I'll tell you. I've been traveling this sea for so many years...However, me being a skeleton and having no shadow are two unrelated matters... *takes a sip of his tea* To be continued.
-Nami: Luffy, who or what in the world are you?
Luffy: What do you mean? -clueless-
Nami: Don't you think it's strange that you were smashed through all these buildings and don't have a scratch on you?!
Luffy: Nope.
-Arlong: Do you know what's the difference between us?
Luffy: The nose?... No, the teeth! Oh or the webs?
-Luffy: Do you poop?
Sanji: The hell?! Don't ask him such things!!
Brook: Yes
Sanji: And why do you answer?!!
-Buggy: Die with a flash, you flashy bastard!
-Luffy: NAMI! You are my nakama, got it?!
-Luffy: I'm the man who's going to be the Pirate King!
-Coby: We shouldn't worry about being able to achieve our dreams, as long as we have the desire to do it!
-Usopp: There... Comes a time when a man has to stand and fight!! This is time when... His friends dreams are laughed at!! Luffy wont die... I KNOW he'll be the pirate king one day..and I won't let you laugh at his dreams!!
-Brook: Would you show me your panties?
-Brook: SKULL JOKE!
-Jaguar D. Saul-"Someday, u'll find you're nakama in the sea. Believe me, u'll never be alone"
-Zoro: You'll never understand; your swords will never be as heavy as mine!
-Sanji: I don't care if you're a god. If you lay even one finger on Nami-san, I'll become the Devil of the Blue Sea!
-Moria: Amateurs like you will be crushed mercilessly!
Luffy: I dunno if I'm an amateur, but you'll never be able to crush me... because I'm RUBBER!
-Sanji: Sorry, but i'm gonna have to decline your offer.
-Luffy: Robin! You still haven't said it yet!!
Robin: H-huh?
Luffy: SAY THAT YOU WANNA LIVE!!
Robin: ... 'I've never been allowed to think that... and if I am allowed to say what my biggest dream is... then...' I WANNA LIVE! Take me with you to the sea!
-Dr. Hiriluk: When do you think people die? When they are shot through the heart by the bullet of a pistol? No. When they are ravaged by an incurable disease? No. When they drink a soup made from a poisonous mushroom!? No! It's when... they are forgotten.
-Zoro: I got... on the wrong ship! (Epic :D)
-Usopp: Betraying a nakama?
Kuma: Yes. I'll take him and spare your lives. Will you hand your captain over in exchange for your lives?
Strawhat Crew: NEVER!!!
-Sanji: I ran away from this things... I ran and ran... and when there were no places for me to run to anymore... I ran into the sky! SKY WALK!
-Luffy: I don't want to be a hero! A hero is a guy who would share meat with others. I'd rather eat it myself!!
Zoro (sometime later): I don't want to be a hero. A hero would share sake with everyone, but I'd rather drink it myself!!
Nami: WHAT'S WITH YOU GUYS AND THAT WEIRD LOGIC?!
-Zoro: I'm going to meet God.
-Some CP9 guy: Sir, Franky's ass... it's expanding!
-Coby: I wonder if I should go with him... he stands for everything I'm against, yet he makes me feel brave.
-Nami: Luffy, what are you still doing here? I TOLD you to leave! Leave! Leave! GO AWAY! You don't understand a thing! I ... H-help me...
Luffy: OF COURSE!
-Chopper (after seeing Usopp's five ton hammer break): You... mean it was FAKE?
Usopp: Of course! I can't lift five tons! I quit after five pounds!
-Usopp: Condreano!! (Lol genius xD), thinking: It worked! You owe me one, Robin! Hahaha!
Zoro: You're making a scary face, Usopp.
From Strong World:
Shiki: A stupid woman who believed that if she sacrificed herself, she'd be able to protect her hometown together with a reckless suicide squad.
Luffy: Are you stupid? Nami didn't sacrifice herself. She came here as the vanguard! ...Brace yourself, Golden Lion... because WE ARE THE MAIN FORCE!
Zoro: Don't stand in my captain's way!
Sanji *kicking badass-guy away: Didn't you hear what he said?!
Clown-scientist (forgot his name Dx) : Do you feel the power of Chemical Juggling?!
Zoro: I don't have time to juggle with you!
Luffy: I'll definitely kick Doflamingo's ass! Stay close to my friends! I'll end this game right away. Stay alive, okay?
Rebecca: Y-yeah! -cries-
Yosh, that's my profile page, people! You still reading this...? Yeah, I agree with you, my profile page's way too long! But oh well, maybe there are some people who are bored out of their mind and actually take the time to read it up until now, so I won't delete anything. Thanks to those people, and to everyone else who found their way to my profile page! Now I hope you'll enjoy my stories, and please don't forget to review ;D ;D
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James McAvoy's New Role: Daddy!
Jan 26, 2010 by Sarah C.
James McAvoy, who's appeared in a string of recent hit movies, and his wife, Anne-Marie Duff, have confirmed that they're expecting their first child together. McAvoy, who's film credits include The Chronicles of Narnia, The Last King of Scotland, Atonement and Wanted, is set to appear in this year's The Conspirator.


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Why did you choose this product?
This shelving unit is awesome! It was easy to assemble and looks great in my room, its bigger than I thought it would be and holds so much ! I highly recommend it...
Javier Modern Zig Zag Display Shelving (Low)
Showcase your most prized possessions with this modern display shelving. Featuring beautiful stainless-steel accents and a dark brown finish, this shelving unit adds contemporary style while giving you a place to keep books and decorative accent pieces.
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ITEM#: 15039136The Zig Zag Display Shelving is designed as a simple and elegant shelving solution using the line of the shelves as the key element. The shelves are spaced to accept anything from books to individual pieces that need to be displayed in a uncluttered environment, allowing them to shine at their best. Consider using this appealing shelf in a child's room or in the residence of an elderly or disabled person. With the height of this shelving unit being only 38 inches tall, it is ideal for places with children, disabled, or elderly people, where having high to reach places is a problem.
Stainless steel accents and modern styling on this zig zag display case add to the streamlined look of a contemporary decor. Say goodbye to clutter with this display case that enables you to organize books or show off precious objects to their best advantage. The dark brown color of the furnishing integrates well with a large number of color schemes.
- Polished stainless steel creates a sophisticated look for any modern interior
- Shelf is made with engineered wood and PU veneer
- Includes: One (1) display shelf
- Materials: MDF
- Finish: Dark brown, white
- Dimensions: 38 inches high x 43 inches wide x 11 inches deep
Assembly required.
|Brown White
|Contemporary Modern
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|Brown Finish White Finish
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Display shelving
This shelving unit is awesome! It was easy to assemble and looks great in my room, its bigger than I thought it would be and holds so much ! I highly recommend itRead More
Nice Quality Stand
Purchased for a long full size bath room. It looks great. No cons.Read More
Zag To The Zig
Most boxed items you get, directions and assembly can be tough but not with this shelving unit. I personally put this together myself in short order! Its beautiful. It is partical board not a solid wood so know what you are buying. I would not recommend this for a kids/ Dorm room because I would not consider this a durable piece of furniture. I am using it in a guest bedroom so a room that doesnt get a lot of traffic or use.Read More
Love it!
I absolutely love this bookshelf and would buy more if I had the space for it. The design is great, it's very sleek and contemporary. As far as sturdiness, it is pretty sturdy I have nothing but books on mine as well as a few decorations. It can be a bit wobbly when moving it, so if you have to move it remove everything first so nothing breaks. It's also extremely easy to put together, I did this one and the large one myself & had them together in an hour. I would recommend this if your looking for this kind of bookshelf.Read More
Very nice shelf
Great shelf, looks very nice. The only reason I am not giving 5 stars is that it comes in regular white paint and not the nice high gloss finish. Other than that great.Read More
Great shelving unit
Very pleased with this unit. Super easy to put together. Bought it to define a space between breakfast area and family room. It is perfect for my application.Read More
Simple and butiful
It is easy to set up, and it's beautiful and functional.Read More
Love my new shelf unit.
I had a hard time finding this size unit, so I was super happy to find it. It's just perfect. It did not come with instructions, I had to go on line to see the build, but it was pretty easy to do.Read More
Low Zig Zag shelf
I was pleased with the quality of the pieces and how easily it went together. Instructions were clear and everything fit well. The resulting shelf looks very good. I would recommend the product.Read More
I actually use this shelving for textbooks, movies and on the very top of it, is my television. I gotta give it to the manufacturer, this is one strong shelving structure. I didn't even need to bolt the shelving to the wall to keep it in place. Good product.Read More
Questions & Answers
I love the look!
Cool design!
Do the metal supports just screw into place or do then go into the shelves? I am just thinking of replacing them with something less shiny for a more rustic/modern look.
Hello artmommy, you could replace them or paint them before assemble. However making altercations to this will void any warranty and cannot be returned. Have a great day!
Descripción says 43" wide but drawing shows 44". Which one is it for exterior dimension?
Hello Statua, I hope your day is going well. The dimension is approximately 43 inches. I am sorry for the confusion, but thank you for shopping with us.
Can the unit be hung on a wall?
I wouldn't. it's a pretty heavy unit.
Hello wettew, I hope your day is going well. This is not intended or recommended for installation on a wall. That would void the warranty. I am sure that with your skills and the correct bracing you could accommodate this to your needs. Thank you for shopping with us and have a great day.
What is the weight capacity as I'm looking to place a tv on top?
Hello lee123456789, we do not have a weight capacity for this display shelf as it was designed to display books, vases, decor, and home accents. Thank you for shopping with us.
What are the dimensions of the long shelves? How thick are they?
Hello jca522, the dimensions of the long shelves are 40 W x 11 inches H, the thickness of the wood is around 1.5 inches. Thank you for shopping with us.
how much does the unit weigh?
UPS shipping receipt said 52 lbs., which includes boxes
Hello, nicole1124. Hope your day is going well. We very much appreciate your feedback. Thank you for shopping with us and please feel free to contact us with any questions.
What is the height of the available space between shelves?
10 3/4" I love the unit!!
Shopping Guides
Best Bookshelf Materials
It's not unusual for bookshelves to incorporate multiple materials for different features. If you haven't decided on wood, wood products, metal or glass bookshelves, look at their relative strengths and weaknesses. Look below to learn the best bookshelf materials. Wood: "Solid wood" is a common term for furniture made from lumber planks. Beware of making assumptions based on labels like "hardwood" and "softwood." Hardwoods are derived from deciduous trees and softwoods from coniferous trees; the terms don't connote their relative strengths. Balsa is a hardwood even though it is very soft, just as Douglas fir is a softwood even though it is very hard. They all make excellent, classic stock material for bookcases. Generally, harder woods are the heavier and more resistant to scratches. Still, softer woods, if treated correctly, will keep just as well as harder woods. Plywood: Made by stacking thin sheets -- "plies" -- of lumber and gluing them under pressure, plywood features grains that alternate direction for strength. Several grades are available, of differing cost. Top and bottom plies can be high-quality woods to create the appearance of fine woods, but edge veneer or molding is needed to complete the illusion. Particleboard: Wood chips glued together carry a much lower price tag than solid wood, and particleboard is denser and more uniform. It's a great choice when cost is the primary consideration. Bookshelves crafted from veneered composite boards can look and feel as good as real wood. MDF: Wood fibers, tiny chips and sawdust collected and glued into sheets form medium-density fiberboard (MDF). Low-cost MDF makes an excellent base for veneers; plus, its strength is consistent and it shapes well. Metal: There's a reason most library bookshelves are made from metal: Metal bookcases are resistant to moisture and fungus, their low-friction shelves are easier on books' bindings and metal's strength-to-weight ratio can't be beat. Their cost usually comes in below any other material. Glass: Glass bookshelves weigh more than other types, but if you plan on assembling your bookshelves only once, the style points can be well worth it. Tempered glass shelves (in wood or metal uprights, called "standards") give your home an unbeatable contemporary feel, and glass bookcases' smooth, transparent surfaces add brilliant levity to a decorating piece that might otherwise be notably opaque and heavy. View All Media and Bookshelves Back to Guides Directory View All Media and Bookshelves
Best Bookshelves for Kids
Children's bookshelves and other kids' storage, as a rule, should be low to the ground. Furniture tip-overs have accounted for almost 15,000 childhood accidents each year from 1990 to 2007, according to the Nationwide Children's Hospital in Columbus, Ohio. Children often reach for items on the top of bookshelves, causing tip-overs. With low-to-the-ground kids' storage, children can easily reach their favorite books without parents worrying about the furniture seriously injuring their child.
Best Kids' Storage
Children's bookshelves and kids' storage, as a rule, should be low to the ground. Furniture tip-overs have accounted for almost 15,000 childhood accidents each year from 1990 to 2007, according to the Nationwide Children's Hospital in Columbus, Ohio. Children often reach for items on the top of bookshelves, causing tip-overs. With low-to-the-ground kids' storage, children can easily reach their favorite books or other items without parents worrying about the furniture seriously injuring their child. Look below to learn the best kids' bookshelves and other kids' storage bins.
Casio Watch Fact Sheet
Casio watches are produced by the Tokyo-based electronics company Casio Computer Co., Ltd. Casio watches are affordable and accurate and available in digital, analog, quartz and solar-powered models. Casio watches are marketed to outdoor enthusiasts, urban young people, technology lovers and individuals who need a hip, low-maintenance wristwatch. Casio's most enduring line of watches is its solar-powered atomic timepieces, which don't rely on battery power and self-adjust the time daily using low-frequency radio signals. If you are looking for a durable solar or quartz watch with modern styling, consider Casio watches. Our facts about men's Casio watches and women's Casio watches will help you choose the right one.
Projector Buying Guide
Projectors have uses in business and education as well as in home theaters. This projector buying guide shows some of the latest options available among large media displays, helping your understand what to look for in projectors for your business or entertainment plans.
Monitor Buying Guide
Your computer monitor is your window to your programs, files and media. And just like the computers they connect to, monitors and displays differ greatly in design and features, offering varying picture quality and functionality. This monitor buying guide will help you know what to look for in a computer monitor to get the perfect display for your desktop.
TV Stand Buying Guide
Lately, television consoles, stands and storage racks have been exhibiting updated designs, sporting storage for your media essentials in models that are tastefully coordinated to the rest of your living room furniture. Compact TV stands and corner TV stands are convenient in smaller apartments, dorm rooms and offices, but even large homes can benefit from the clean look and discreet presence of a television stand. As more people upgrade to lean flat-panel televisions, they are seeing that the smaller size of a TV stand is all they need. The furniture industry usually reserves the term "entertainment center" for the largest TV furniture, big enough for the television, a cadre of audio or video components and a full CD-DVD collection. TV stands tend to be smaller than full entertainment centers while still having enough shelves for a few components and some media storage. For smaller homes or for smaller rooms in larger homes a stand may be all the TV furniture you need.
Kids' Furniture Buying Guide
Create the comfort zone that every child needs with quality kids' furniture for your home. Whether you're looking for kids' beds or kids' storage furniture, you can find children's furniture that will take your sons and daughters through every age. This kids' furniture buying guide will provide you with some directions; it is organized by age group to help you find the right furniture pieces for every stage of childhood.
Best Reasons to Buy a Platform Bed
If you're shopping for a new bed, you may be considering a platform bed. They're incredibly popular, and once you read about the great features of platform beds, you'll see why.
How to Decorate the Top of a Bookshelf
Many people give their decorative accessories a place to shine by putting them on niches, cupboards, and shelves. However, they may overlook one of the ideal spots for showcasing their favorite decorative accessories: the top of a bookshelf. Whether it's a tall corner shelf or a lower modular piece, the surface on top of a bookshelf offers a flat area to arrange art, vases, framed photos, baskets, statues, and sculptures.
How to Buy a Quality Entertainment Center
An entertainment center is often the focal point of a living room, especially for families that spend much of their time watching movies, playing video games or enjoying weekly sports events. Before purchasing an entertainment center, think about the needs you will have for it, including storage options for movies and video games, the size of TV you will use and shelves you may need for game consoles, DVD players or stereos. Look below to learn how to buy a quality entertainment center.
How to Decorate Toddler Bedrooms
Normally restrained decorators tend to let loose when decorating toddler bedrooms. After all, the color and pattern palette of kids' furniture and bedroom decor tends to be far more diverse than those for adult bedrooms. You can begin with a few large pieces of kids' furniture, such as a toddler bed, kid dresser and storage shelving. Add a theme or a palette and work from there or just add some simple textiles and wall art for a few decorative accents.
How to Select a TV Cabinet
Watching movies, playing video games, enjoying the latest TV shows: When you're doing any of these things at home, you're looking at your television -- and whatever it sits on. A TV cabinet is furniture that is both functional and decorative. It will hold your media components and store some DVDs and games, too. To choose the best one for your living room, keep these tips in mind while you're shopping.
Best Plasma TV Stands for Your House
Let's face it. People spend a good deal of time looking at their plasma TV stands. Considering it is the piece of furniture that displays your most popular home appliance, the TV stand gets a lot of attention, and browsing for new plasma TV stands is an important task. There is no better way to turn any room in your home into the perfect gathering place for family and friends than to place a big screen TV at the head of the room, but you'll need television stands for all the big screen TVs in your home. When you are picking out a flat screen TV stand for any room, you have plenty of options. Here are some ideas on the types of television stands you have to choose from.
Cabinet Buying Guide
In addition to the built-in cabinets and fitments that came with your house, cabinets can be gorgeous free-standing showpieces suited to any number of rooms. In order to maximize the decor possibilities of this unique type of furniture, you will want to learn the basics. Consider your storage needs, including shelving, drawers and locks, and think about your personal style and the space available for your new cabinet. This cabinet buying guide should help you zero in on the ideal cabinet for your needs.
Top 5 Ways to Use Projectors
There are quite a few settings in which a projector can fulfill your entertainment or communication requirements. Multimedia projectors interface well with computers, home theater systems and audiovisual setups in nearly any configuration. Here are a few of the best ways that you can put projectors to work.
DVD Camcorder Fact Sheet
If you're looking for camcorders to capture the moment during a special event or shoot home videos, you may be considering a DVD camcorder. A DVD camcorder or digital camcorder allows you to capture video, audio and image files and easily transfer the recording session to a DVD disc. DVD camcorders are capable of producing high-resolution video and images, and can be used in both indoor and outdoor settings. Here are some facts that may help you decide on the right DVD camcorder for you.
Living Room Furniture Buying Guide
Whether you're furnishing a new home or replacing worn out furniture, you need living room furniture that fits your home and your style. This buying guide will help you find your style and create a plan for the pieces you'll need to create the perfect living room.
How to Use Ottomans for Coffee Tables
Everywhere you look, you'll see decor spreads that replace the living room's old, faithful coffee table with one or two ottomans. This relatively straightforward substitution can toss a few curve balls at would-be decorators unless they do their homework. Take a look below to learn how to use ottomans for coffee tables.
Picture Frame Sizes
Whether you've printed photographs or enlarged your favorites, you'll need to understand picture frame sizes to make your images stand out in your home. When you choose from standard picture frame sizes, including 4x6 and 5x7 sizes, it's easy to find photo frames in all styles and materials at affordable prices. Read on for tips on choosing picture frame sizes.
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B&H has the Sony NEX-7 with the 18-55mm OSS kit lens for $498 (was $1248). My guess is that the stock of this camera is dwindling down and I don't know that we'll see a better price before it is gone for good. Check it out while it lasts here at B&H Photo.
Canon and Nikon DSLR & Lens Rebates End This Week
There are loads of deals right now on Canon and Nikon DSLRs and lenses. However, they are set to end later this week on Saturday, March 28. Check out all of the deals via the links below.
Canon DSLR and Lens Bundles (up to $1000 savings)
Canon Lens-Only Savings (up to $200 off)
Nikon's Rare Lens-Only Savings (up to $400 off)
Nikon DSLR and Lens Bundles (up to $900 savings)
Nikon D5300 Kit for $499 – Deal Alert
ebay (via PhotoVideo4Less) has the Nikon D5300 kit with the 18-55mm VR II lens for $499 (compare at $796.95). Check it out here on ebay.
Note: This is likely a grey market item with no USA warranty coverage. ebay seller PhotoVideo4Less has the positive feedback rating of 99.8% at the time of this post.
Canon 70D for $818 – Deal Alert
ebay (via GetItDigital) has the Canon 70D for $818 (reg. $1199). Check it out while it lasts here on ebay.
Please note: This is probably a grey market camera and/or it was part of a kit that the seller broke up to sell separately at a discounted rate. At the time of this post, ebay seller getitdigital has a 99.5% positive rating on ebay.
Layout is a New App from Instagram for Combining Photos
Instagram has launched a new app, called Layout, which lets you combine multiple photos into a single, square image.
That's something we have all done since nearly the beginning of Instagram. However, we have done that without the help of Instagram and, instead, used apps like Diptic and other collage-making apps to export images to our phones' camera rolls and then upload to Instagram.
While Layout is still a separate app that you must install, it does include a share to Instagram feature within to make it a quicker process.
Layout also has a facial recognition features that will allow you to choose photos with only faces of people from your camera roll. Additionally, a Photo Booth feature lets you capture photos that instantly fill your layout.
For now, Layout is only available for iOS devices with support for Android promised in the coming months. You can get Layout for free here on the iTunes App Store.
Canon 5D Mark III for $1999 – Deal Alert
This solid deal is back again… ebay (via GetItDigital) has the Canon 5D Mark III for $1999 (compare at $2499) in limited quantity and with free shipping in the US. Check it out while it lasts here on ebay.
Please note: This is probably a grey market camera and/or it was part of a kit that the seller broke up to sell separately at a discounted rate. At the time of this post, ebay seller getitdigital has a 99.5% positive rating on ebay.
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Well I put some money into this latest CUM dip... so I am betting CUM is worth more than 3 bucks .. crazy I played this in the 5's and 6's .. so for me limited down side so I have placed my bet.. GLTA
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Originally taken from a drawing by I Screen You Screen co-founder Kyle Harmon, the Large Camera Print features an old-fashioned camera in a bold black and white design. A crisp screenprint with vintage appeal, each piece is hand-pulled using permanent and archival inks and pigments on 140Lb watercolor paper.
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Boys hockey wins finale
The Alexandria boys' hockey team wrapped up the regular season schedule with a 5-2 victory over Willmar at home on Friday.
Brady Bast led the Cardinals with two goals on the night, scoring once in the second period and again in the third. Ryan Marciniak and Jack Steffl also netted goals for Alexandria.
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Bantam Books, 2005 - Fiction - 462 pages
'I have always been a soldier. I have known no other life'. So begins Alexander's extraordinary confession on the eve of his greatest crisis of leadership. By turns heroic and calculating, compassionate and utterly merciless, Alexander recounts with a warrior's unflinching eye for detail the blood, the terror, and the tactics of his greatest battlefield victories. Whether surviving his father's brutal assassination, presiding over a massacre, or weeping at the death of a beloved comrade-in-arms, Alexander never denies the hard realities of the code by which he lives; the virtues of war. But as much as he was feared by his enemies, he was loved and revered by his friends, his generals, and the men who followed him into battle. Often outnumbered, never outfought, Alexander conquered every enemy the world stood against him - but the one he never saw coming.
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M. John Harrison prose is beautiful, clear and poetic. - Goodreads
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Review: Viriconium (Viriconium #1-4)User Review - Css1971 - Goodreads
Simply. M John Harrison is "taking the piss". I'm not going to finish reading the book because I frankly can't be arsed slogging through several hundred more pages of inane, asphyxiating prose. Read full review
Review: Viriconium (Viriconium #1-4)User Review - Kranthi Askani - Goodreads
Robustly imaginative, brilliantly paced...and with prose that is breathtaking...redolent of ballard..much more actually Read full review
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From the 2012 Westy release. Would like to trade 1 Westy for 2 Pliny and a Blind Pig, and a 2nd Westy for a couple RR sours. PM me if interested
I'm also open to trades other than Russian River..just throw it out there
Hello there I have a rr temptation in my cellar and some other non rr beers let me know.
I made an offer. Not sure if you got my pm
Primary: Belgian Chocolate Stout
Secondary: Empty
Bottled: Pumpkin Ale, Cinnamon Toast Crunch Milk Stout, Captain Morgan Oaked Black IPA, Brandon O's Graff, Gingerbread Spiced Brown Ale, Honey Bacon Ale
I have RR, Ithaca Le Bleu, and Cascasde Sand Noir.


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A vertical trench-gated power MOSFET includes MOSFET cells in the shape of longitudinal stripes. The body diffusion of each cell contains a relatively heavily-doped region which extends parallel to the length of the cell and contacts an overlying metal source/body contact layer at specific locations. In one embodiment, the contact is made at an end of the cell. In another embodiment, the contact is made at intervals along the length of the cell. In addition, the power MOSFET contains diode cells placed at intervals in the array of cells. The diode cells contain diodes connected in parallel with the MOSFET cells and protect the gate oxide layer lining the trenches from damage due to large electric fields and hot carrier injection. By restricting the areas where the body contact is made and using the diode cells, the width of the MOSFET cells can be reduced substantially, thereby reducing the on-resistance of the power MOSFET.
1. A power MOSFET formed in a semiconductor chip, said MOSFET comprising:
at least one MOSFET cell, said cell being formed in the shape of a longitudinal stripe having a length and a width, said stripe being located between opposing gate sections and having a top surface coincident with a surface of said chip, each of said gate sections being formed in a trench, said MOSFET cell comprising:
a source region of a first conductivity type located adjacent a portion of said top surface;
a body region of a second conductivity type located beneath said source region, said body region containing a channel region adjacent a wall of said trench;
a drain region of said first conductivity type adjoining said body region; and
a heavily-doped region within said body region, said heavily-doped region being of said second conductivity type and having a dopant concentration greater than a dopant concentration of a remainder of said body region, said heavily-doped region extending along said length of said cell and including at least one contact portion which extends to said surface of said cell.
2. The power MOSFET of claim 1 wherein said heavily-doped region has a dopant concentration of from 5�1018 to 8�1019 cm−3.
3. The power MOSFET of claim 2 wherein said body region has a dopant concentration of from 8�1015 to 7�1017 cm−3.
4. The power MOSFET of claim 1 wherein said cell has a length which is at least ten times a width of said cell.
5. The power MOSFET of claim 1 comprising a plurality of rows of said stripe cells, the number of said rows being less than ten.
6. The power MOSFET of claim 1 wherein said contact portion is located at an end of said cell.
7. The power MOSFET of claim 1 comprising a plurality of said contact portions located at intervals along a length of said cell.
8. The power MOSFET of claim 1 wherein said contact portion comprises a band extending along a length of said cell, said band being located approximately equidistant between said gate sections.
This is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 08/919,523, filed Aug. 28, 1997, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,998,837, which is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 08/846,688, filed Apr. 30, 1997, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,998,836, which is a continuation of application Ser. No. 08/459,555, filed Jun. 2, 1995, now abandoned.
A power MOSFET is typically formed in a geometric pattern of cells. The cells may be in the shape of a closed figure such as a square or hexagon or they may comprise a series of parallel longitudinal stripes. The cell is defined at its perimeter by the gate electrode, and the interior of each cell normally contains a source diffusion and a body diffusion. In vertical power MOSFETs a single drain is normally located on the opposite side of the chip from the source and body and thus underlies the cells.
FIGS. 1A, 1B and 1C illustrate overhead views of a single cell of a trench-gated MOSFET in a square, hexagonal and stripe configuration, respectively. In each figure, the outermost region represents one-half of the trenched gate (the other half belonging to the adjacent cell), the middle region represents the source region, and the innermost region represents the body contact region. The body region is in effect a continuation of the body contact region and extends under the source region to the sidewall of the trench, where the channel is located. The hatched regions represent the overlying metal source contact which in many power MOSFETs also contacts the body region to prevent the parasitic bipolar transistor from turning on.
The dimensions of each cell are defined by Ysb, which is the width of the source and body regions, i.e., the mesa inside the gate trench, and Yg, which is the width of the gate. As indicated, one-half of Yg is located on each side of the source/body region. The overall width or pitch of the cell is equal to Ysb+Yg.
The resistance of the MOSFET when it is turned on is directly related to the width of the channel, which lies along the wall of the trench. A figure of merit for a power MOSFET is the area/perimeter ratio or A/W, which is the amount of area that is required to provide a given channel width. Generally speaking, the lower the area/perimeter ratio, the lower the on-resistance of the MOSFET.
Using simple geometric formulas, the area and channel width (measured horizontally along the wall of the trench), and the resulting value of A/W, can be calculated for each of cells shown in FIGS. 1A, 1B and 1C.
For the square cell shown in FIG. 1A:
and therefore
For the hexagonal cell shown in FIG. 1B:
Finally, for the striped cell shown in FIG. 1C:
or one-half of its cell pitch. Z, which is the length of the striped cell, drops out of the formula for A/W.
It is apparent from each of these equations that area/perimeter ratio A/W decreases with reductions in the cell pitch (Ysb+Yg). FIG. 2 is a graph showing A/W as a function of cell density for three types of cells. Curve A represents A/W for a striped cell, curve B represents A/W for a square cell having a gate length Yg of 1 micron, and curve C represent A/W for a square cell having a gate length of 0.65 micron. Note that the cell density, which is measured in millions of cells per square inch, is intended to be a measure of the cell dimension that must be defined by photolithographic processes. Thus the density of the striped cells, in order to be equivalent to the density of the square cells, is figured on the basis of the number of square cells having a side dimension equal to the width of the stripe that would occupy a square inch. The corresponding cell pitch is shown at the top of the graph, a pitch of about 4.5 microns corresponding, for example, to a cell density of 32 Mcells/in2.
The current practical limit of cell density is in the neighborhood of 32 to 40 million cells/in2, corresponding to a cell pitch of about 4.5 microns and, for the square cell where Yg=1 micron, an A/W of about 1.44. In part, this limit arises because of the necessity of forming a body contact region within each cell to avoid parasitic bipolar turn-on, as shown in FIGS. 1A-1C. Another cause is the need to form a deep diffusion within each cell, as taught in U.S. Pat. No. 5,072,266 to Bulucea et al., to protect the gate oxide layer. In conduction, these factors place a lower limit on the lateral dimension of each cell and hence the cell density.
As indicated in FIG. 2, for cell densities less than 32-40 Mcells/in2 the area/perimeter ratio of square cells is considerably lower than the area/perimeter ratio of striped cells. In fact, for striped cells a density of about 80 Mcells/in2 is required to reach the A/W of 1.44 for square cells at a density of 32 Mcells/in2.
In accordance with this invention a trench-gated power MOSFET having a cell density as high as 178 Mcells/in2 is fabricated, using a striped cell geometry. As indicated in FIG. 2, this requires that the cell pitch be about 1.9 microns. This reduced cell pitch is obtained by forming the body contact region in various locations along the �stripe�. In one embodiment the body contact region is formed at the end of the stripe; in other embodiments the body contact region is formed at intervals along the stripe to limit resistive losses and consequent voltage drops from occurring between the source and body in portions of the striped cell.
Moreover, the gate oxide layer is protected by forming a deep diffusion at periodic intervals throughout the cell lattice, as taught in U.S. Patent application Ser. No. 08/459,555, filed Jun. 2, 1995, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
Using these techniques, the cell pitch can be reduced to about 1.9 microns, thereby reducing the area/perimeter ratio by a factor on the order of 36%.
The broad principles of this invention will be better understood by reference to the following drawings, in which identical numerals are used to identify elements which physically or functionally the same:
FIGS. 1A, 1B and 1C show top views of square, hexagonal and striped MOSFET cell geometries, respectively.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the area/perimeter ratio A/W as a function of cell density in a power MOSFET.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a single striped MOSFET cell and a deep diffusion to protect the gate oxide layer.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the MOSFET of FIG. 3.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment in which a thin central band at the surface of the semiconductor improves contact between the body region and an overlying metal contact layer.
FIG. 6 is a top view of an embodiment in which the diode cell is uninterrupted.
FIG. 7 is a top view of an embodiment in which the diode cell is broken periodically by MOSFET cells.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional photograph of a MOSFET according to the invention.
FIGS. 9A-9E illustrate a process of fabricating a MOSFET according to the invention.
FIG. 10A is a top view of an embodiment in which the body contact region is brought to the surface at one end of the stripe cell.
FIG. 10B is a top view of an embodiment in which the body contact region is brought to the surface at periodic intervals along the length of the stripe cell.
FIG. 10C is a top view of an embodiment in which the body contact region includes a thin band along the center of the stripe cell.
FIG. 11 is a detailed view of the MOSFET shown in FIGS. 5 and 10C.
FIG. 12 is a graph showing specific on-resistance as a function of the area/perimeter ratio for MOSFETs having different cell densities.
FIG. 13 is a graph showing the data of FIG. 12 plotted on semilog paper.
FIG. 14 is a graph showing specific on-resistance as a function of cell density for several different MOSFETs.
FIG. 15 is a graph showing specific on-resistance as a function of the area/perimeter ratio for several different MOSFETs.
FIG. 16 is a graph showing the specific on-resistance as a function of gate voltage for several MOSFETs having a cell density of 178 Mcells/in2.
FIG. 17 shows a top view of a power MOSFET chip containing stripe MOSFET cells arranged into three rows.
Note that, to emphasize the elements of the invention, the above figures are not generally drawn to scale.
A cross-sectional view of a MOSFET cell in accordance with this invention is shown in FIG. 3. MOSFET cell 30 is formed on an N-type epitaxial (epi) layer 302, which is grown on an N+ substrate 300. Cell 30 is stripe-shaped and is defined on two sides by opposing gate sections 304A and 304B which are positioned within trenches formed at the top surface of N-epi layer 302. Sections 304A and 304B are two sections of a gate 304 which contains a plurality of similar gate sections arranged in a parallel array to form a corresponding plurality of parallel striped cells. Gate sections 304A and 304B are electrically isolated from N-epi layer 302 by gate oxide layers 306A and 306B, respectively. Gate sections 304A and 304B are electrically tied together at some location on the MOSFET. For example, the polysilicon layer that is normally used to form gate 304 can be patterned in such a way that the parallel gate sections merge in some region.
Generally cell 30 has a length dimension parallel to gate sections 304A and 304B that is at least ten times its width dimension perpendicular to gate sections 304A and 304B. On the semiconductor chip in which cell 30 is formed, and which forms the power MOSFET, there are a relatively small number of rows of striped cells (e.g., less than ten), as compared with a chip containing closed cells (e.g., squares or hexagons) where there are typically thousands of cells in each dimension parallel to the surface of the chip. FIG. 17, for example, shows a top view of a power MOSFET chip which contains three rows of stripe MOSFET cells. Each row would typically contain thousands of cells.
Cell 30 contains an N+ source region 308 and a P-body 310. Electrical contact is made with N+ source region 308 by means of a metal layer 312 through an opening in an oxide layer 314. Oxide layer 314 generally overlies the gate sections 304A and 304B but extends some distance over N+ source region 308 to insure that metal layer 312 does not come into contact with gate sections 304A and 304B. Shorting the gate to the source would disable the MOSFET.
As is known, when the MOSFET is turned on current flows vertically between the metal layer 312 and a drain contact (not shown) that is formed at the bottom of the N+ substrate 300. The path of the current runs through the N+ source region 308, the P-body 310, the N-epi layer 302 and the N+ substrate 300. The current flows through a channel region located adjacent the trench in the P-body, and the flow of current through the channel region can be interrupted by biasing the gate 304 appropriately so as to turn the MOSFET off.
Also shown in FIG. 3 is a protective diode cell 32 containing a deep P+ diffusion 316 of the kind described in the above-referenced U.S. Patent application Ser. No. 08/459,555. Deep P+ diffusion 316 forms a PN junction with the N-type material in the N-epi layer 302. This PN junction functions as a diode. Metal layer 312 ties the deep P+ diffusion 316 (i.e., one terminal of the diode) to N+ source region 308 of MOSFET cell 30 such that the diode is connected in parallel with the channel of the MOSFET cell.
Deep P+ diffusion 316 operates to reduce the strength of the electric field across the gate oxide layers 306A, 306B and at the corners of the trenches and limits the formation of hot carriers in the vicinity of the trench. The diode also operates as a voltage clamp and thereby limits the voltage across the gate oxide layer. While the PN junction in diode cell 32 is shown as being below the bottom of the trench, this need not be the case so long as the diode breaks down before the MOSFET cell 30
In a preferred embodiment, one protective diode cell is provided for a selected number of MOSFET cells in a repetitive pattern across the MOSFET. The number of diode cells per MOSFET cells is determined by the design criteria of the MOSFET. In general, for example, MOSFETs which are expected to experience breakdown more often will require a greater proportion of diode cells.
FIGS. 6 and 7 show top views of MOSFETs 60 and 70, respectively, each of which contains two MOSFET cells 62, 72 for each diode cell 64, 74. The numerals 66A-66D and 76A-76D designate sections of the gates of MOSFETs 60 and 70. Diode cell 64 occupies the entire region between gate sections 66C and 66D whereas diode cell 74 is interrupted in a portion of the region between gate sections 76C and 76D to allow an additional MOSFET cell 78 to be formed.
Returning to FIG. 3, MOSFET cell 30 also contains a P+ region 317 immediately below N+ source region 308. The dopant concentration of P+ region 317 is in the range of 5�1018 to 8�1019 cm−3 (preferably about 3-4�1019 cm−3), as compared to a dopant concentration in the range of 8�1015 to 7�1017 cm−3 for P-body 310 generally. Unlike conventional body contact regions, however, P+ region 317 does not reach the surface of epi layer 302 in the plane of FIG. 3. Instead the contact to P+ region 317 is made as shown in FIG. 4, which is a perspective view of MOSFET 30 without metal layer 312 and oxide layer 314 (as is apparent, FIGS. 3 and 4 are drawn to a different scale). P+ region 317 is brought to the surface of epi layer 302 in a location outside the plane of FIG. 3. This location may be at the end of the stripe cell, or as shown in FIG. 10B, there can be a series of P+ contact regions in a ladder arrangement along the stripe cell. When a metal layer is deposited over the structure, along with oxide layers over the trenches as shown in FIG. 3, the N+ source regions and P-body regions are shorted together. The arrangement shown in FIG. 10B reduces the voltage drop in the P-body region and thus is more effective in preventing parasitic bipolar turn-on. With this arrangement, since the body contact is formed only at specific locations rather than along the entire length of the cell, Ysb can be reduced to as low as 1.9 microns or even less, allowing a cell density of 178 Mcells/in2 or more.
The embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is even more effective in reducing the voltage drop in the P-body. MOSFET cell 50 is similar to MOSFET cell 30 in all respects, except that P+ region 317 is replaced by P+ region 517, which is additionally allowed to come to the surface of epi layer 302 along a thin band at the center of the cell. Since the width Yb of the band is much less than would normally be required to provide a good body contact, the presence of the thin surface band does not significantly affect the width Ysb of the mesa between gate sections 304A and 304B. As with the embodiment of FIG. 4, the areas where the P+ body contact region is brought to the surface across the entire mesa between gate section 304A and 304B can be located at the end of the cell or periodically at intervals along the length of the cell.
FIG. 8 is an actual photograph of a MOSFET cell in accordance with this invention having a pitch of 1.9 microns. The width of the trench (Yg) is 0.65 microns and the width of the mesa between trenches (Ysb) is 1.25 microns. The oxide layer overlying the gate trenches extends 0.325 microns over the mesa, leaving a width of 0.6 microns for the source/body contact.
Although there are numerous processes for fabricating a MOSFET in accordance with this invention, FIGS. 9A-9E illustrate an exemplary process for fabricating the MOSFETs shown in FIGS. 3-5.
Referring to FIG. 9A, the starting point is the N+ substrate 300 on which the N-epitaxial layer 302 is grown using known processes.
A thick oxide layer 930 is grown, masked and etched, and a thin oxide layer 931 is grown on the top surface of the structure where deep P+ diffusion 316 is to be formed. Deep P+ diffusion 316 is then implanted through thin oxide layer 931 at a dose of 1�1014 to 7�1015 cm−2 and an energy of 60-100 keV, and then driven in to a depth of from 1 to 3 microns (typically 1.5 to 2 microns). The resulting structure is illustrated in FIG. 9A. Oxide layers 930 and 931 are then removed.
In one version of the process, a thick oxide layer 932 is grown and removed by photomasking except over deep P+ diffusion 316, and a thin oxide layer 933 is grown. Thin oxide layer 933 is masked and removed from the portions of the structure where the trenches are to be formed, as shown in FIG. 9B. The trenches are then masked and etched using known techniques of reactive ion or plasma dry etching. Then the trench is oxidized to form gate oxide layers 306A, 306B, and polysilicon is deposited into the trench until it overflows the top of the trench. The polysilicon is then doped with phosphorus by POCl3 predeposition or ion implantation at a dose of 5�1013 to 5�1015 cm−2 and an energy of 60 keV, giving it a sheet resistance of 20-70 Ω/square. For a P-channel device, the polysilicon is doped with boron using ion implantation to a sheet resistance of roughly 40-120 Ω/square. The polysilicon is then etched back until it is planar with the surface of the trench except where a mask protects it, so that it can subsequently be contacted with metal.
P-body 310 is then implanted through the thin oxide layer 933 (e.g., boron at a dose of 5�1012 to 9�1013 cm−2 and an energy of 40-100 keV, typically 90 keV), and driven in at 1050� C. for 3-10 hours to a depth of 2-3 microns. A similar method is used in fabricating a P-channel device except that the dopant is phosphorus. The resulting structure is illustrated in FIG. 9C.
The N+ source region 34 is then introduced using a mask and an arsenic or phosphorus ion implantation (or a boron ion implantation for a P-channel device) at a dose of 1�1015 to 1�1016 cm−2 at 20 to 100 keV. An anneal is then performed to correct for damage to the crystal. The resulting structure is shown in FIG. 9D.
The mask that is used during the N+ source implant covers all areas other than the intended source regions. Thus, referring to FIGS. 4 and 5, the N+ source mask would cover the areas which are to be doped P+ at the surface to allow for contact to the P-body region. There could, for example, be a single P+ body contact region at either or both ends of the stripe cell, as shown in FIG. 10A; there could be P+ body contact regions spaced periodically along the stripe cell, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 10B; or there could be P+ body contact regions spaced periodically along the stripe cell with a central thin band of P+ along the length of the cell as shown in FIGS. 5 and 10C.
After the N+ source region 308 has been formed, the P+ region 317 is formed underneath the N+ source region 308. This can be done by implanting boron at a high energy (e.g., 200 keV to 2 MeV) along the entire stripe so that the dopant ends up concentrated beneath the N+ source region 308. The dose of this implant would typically be in the range of 1�1014 to 5�1015 cm−2. Alternatively, this implant can be conducted before the N+ source region 308 is formed. To insure that the P+ dopant does not enter the channel region, where it would interfere with the threshold voltage, the P+ implant can conveniently be performed through the contact holes after the oxide layer 314 has been deposited over the trenches. Otherwise, a separate mask would be required for the P+ implant. This process is illustrated in FIG. 9E.
Alternatively, the P+ dopant can be implanted at a much lower energy (e.g., 20 to 60 keV) before the N+ source region 308 is formed, and the P+ dopant can be driven in until it reaches the desired depth below the yet-to-be-formed N+ source region 308.
The deep P+ diffusion does not need to be masked during the P+ implant, since the additional P+ dopant will not adversely affect the diode cell 32
Metal layer 312 is deposited, forming contacts with the source and body regions and the deep P+ region through the contact holes.
The die is then passivated with SiN or BPSG, and pad mask windows are etched to facilitate bonding.
FIG. 11 is a detailed view of MOSFET cell 50 shown in FIG. 5, illustrating how the P+ region 517 may be formed. The dashed lines 522 indicate where the edges of the mask used to form the N+ source region 308 were located. The letter �a� indicates the amount by which oxide layer 314 overlaps the mesa between the gate trenches. Thus, the edges of the N+ source mask were spaced a distance a+b from the trenches. The letter �c� indicates the lateral diffusion of the N+ source region 308 during drive-in. Assuming that Ysb is equal to 1.25 microns, the N+ source mask was spaced 0.325 microns from the trench, and oxide layer 314 overlapped the mesa by 0.225 microns. The lateral diffusion c was equal to 0.16 microns. Since MOSFET cell 50 is symmetrical about the centerline of the mesa, the following equation expresses the source/body width Ysb:
Thus with a total pitch (Ysb+Ya) of 1.9 microns, using the dimensions set forth above the width of the central P+ band 520 was 0.2 microns. The metal contact (not shown) would be 0.72 microns wide (2b+2c+d) and the contact with the N+ source region 308 would be 0.52 microns wide (2b+2c). The narrow width of the metal contact opening (0.72 microns) would require that the oxide layer 314 be kept thin enough to avoid the formation of voids when metal layer 314 is deposited.
The presence of both the central P+ band 520 and the overlying metal layer substantially reduces the amount of the voltage drop in the body in the embodiment of FIGS. 5, 10C and 11. However, a larger body voltage drop may be tolerated if the breakdown voltage of the diode cell 32 is significantly below the breakdown voltage of the MOSFET cell 30, since in that case the risk that parasitic bipolar transistor (N+ source region 308, P-body 310 and N-epi layer 302) will turn on is lessened. If so, the embodiments shown in FIGS. 3, 4, 10A and 10B may be satisfactory.
Another advantage of the MOSFET of this invention is that there is only a limited need for the channel blocks described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,468,982 to prevent current leakage. In closed cell arrangements the proportional area occupied by the channel blocks, which are located at the corners of the cells, increases as the dimensions of cell are reduced. With a striped cell arrangement, the effect of the channel blocks is negligible.
FIGS. 12-16 illustrate the advantages of a 178 Mcell/in2 device.
FIG. 12 shows the specific on-resistance RonA (mohm-cm2) as a function of the area/perimeter ratio. Curve D is for a 500A 60V device with cell densities ranging from 8 Mcell/in to 32 Mcell/in2. Curve E is for a 500 A 30V device with cell densities ranging from 12 Mcell/in to 178 Mcell/in2. Curve F is for a 300 A 20V device with cell densities ranging from 12 Mcell/in2 to 178 Mcell/in2. In each case the gate voltage was 10V. The specific on-resistance is clearly significantly less in the 178 Mcell/in2 device. FIG. 13 shows the same data plotted on semilog paper, with curves G, H and I corresponding to curves D, E and F, respectively.
FIG. 14 shows RonA as a function of cell density. Curve J is for a 500 A 60V device, curve K is for a 500 A 30V device, and curve L is for a 300 A 30V device. Again the gate voltage was 10V.
FIG. 15 shows RonA as a function of the area/perimeter ratio for four simulations: curve M is for a 500 A device, curve N is for a 300 A device, curve o is for a 175 A device, and curve P is for a 125 A device. Also shown are measured data points for 500 A and 300 A devices which confirm the simulated data.
FIG. 16 shows simulated RonA as a function of the gate voltage for four 178 Mcell/in devices: curve Q is for a 500 A device, curve R is for a 300 A device, curve S is for a 175 A device, and curve T is for a 125 A device. The diamonds show measured data points for the 300 A device.
While several specific embodiments of this invention have been shown, these embodiments are intended to be illustrative and not limiting. Many additional and alternative embodiments according to this invention will be apparent to persons skilled in the art.
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Rockford family has sons in the Air Force
In honor of Armed Forces Week (May 12-20), The Rock River Times profiles a local family with three family members holding the rank of major in the United States Air Force (USAF).
The U.S. Air Force has three major assets besides aircraft meeting their worldwide air power missions.
The James and Kay Hughes family of Rockford are proud they have three members of the family currently holding the rank of major in the USAF. All have served and flown in combat theaters of operation throughout the world.
James Sr. is a retired Air Force major with 22 1/2 years of service, including a tour at Dang Air Base, Vietnam. He later served in the Illinois Air Guards, 126th Air Refueling Wing at O'Hare.
Major James Hughes IV (Jamie), 39, served 10 years active duty as a navigator on C130 cargo aircraft and is now serving full-time as a member of the Hawaiian Air Guard. He is working in the Air and Space Operations Center for the Pacific, stationed at Hickam AFB, Hawaii.
Major Ryan Hughes, 36, served seven years in the Illinois Air Guard before going active duty as a pilot. He is a command instructor pilot with more than 3,000 hours of flying the KC135 Air, refueling tanker aircraft. He is the group director of operations for tanker missions, stationed at Kadena AFB, Okinawa, Japan.
Both James IV (Class of 1991) and Ryan (Class of 1994) are graduates of Rockford Guilford High School.
From the May 16-22, 2012, issue


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Pizza, Sandwiches, Italian, American, Pasta, Healthy, Vegetarian, Late Night, Wraps, Lunch Specials, Hamburgers, Lunch, Dinner, Calzones
Minimum $10.00
Delivery $3.50 - $5.50 depending on your location
River North Healthy Restaurants (116)
Asian, Healthy, Thai, Japanese, Sushi, Late Night, Dinner
Minimum $19.99
Free Delivery
West Loop Healthy Restaurants (114)
Pizza, Sandwiches, Italian, Pasta, Healthy, Salads, Classic, Lunch, Dinner
Minimum $15.00
Delivery $5.00 - $5.99 depending upon distance
Downtown Chicago Healthy Restaurants (113)
Asian, Healthy, Salads, Japanese, Sushi, Vegetarian, Lunch Specials, Lunch, Dinner
Minimum $20.00
Delivery $3 - $4 depending on location
Noble Square Healthy Restaurants (113)
Asian, Healthy, Japanese, Sushi, Vegetarian, BBQ, Dinner
Minimum $10.00
Delivery $1.00
Loop Healthy Restaurants (112)
Sandwiches, American, Healthy, Salads, Hamburgers, Lunch, Dinner
Minimum $20.00
Delivery $5 flat, $16 if over $200
Near North Side Healthy Restaurants (112)
Healthy, Salads, Grill, Breakfast, Wraps, Smoothies and Juices, Gluten-Free, Dinner, Kids Menu
Minimum $9.00
Delivery $4.00 - $5.00 depending on your location
Clybourn Corridor Healthy Restaurants (111)
Asian, Healthy, Japanese, Sushi, Vegetarian, Lunch, Dinner
Minimum $18.00
Delivery $3.00 - $4.00 depending on your location
Old Town Healthy Restaurants (111)
Healthy, Vegetarian, Spanish, Alcohol, Tapas, Lunch, Dinner, Empanadas
Minimum $25.00
Delivery $5.00


text: First time to Dominic's in Harrison township, have to say we had a wonderful experience and great time. The owners were very welcoming, made us feel like family the minute we walked through the door. The Calamari Sinatra was fantastic, anti pasta salad was fresh, with slices of premium salami, ham... read more


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Covenant House was founded in 1981 to help people with the fewest resources meet their basic needs: food, clothing, and shelter. After 30 years, our core mission remains the same. Whether a person is homeless, facing eviction, or needs food for their table, Covenant House is a safety net, an advocate, and a safe haven in times of crisis. … [Continue...]
Today we honor the memory and legacy of long time volunteer and the first director of Covenant House, Patricia Perelman, who passed away at 90 years old on March 20, 2015.
"And they felt welcomed. We cared about them as persons. It was very important to sit with people and listen to them. It was comforting that I could do some things for people out of love and for no other reason than that." – Pat Perelman in her interview with Julie Pratt, writer and editor of the Covenant House oral history project, February 2013.
West Virginia offers a tax credit under the heading of "Neighborhood Improvement Program" (read about it here) where 50% of a donation made to a participating 501(c)3 charitable organization can be claimed as a tax credit on WV income tax returns for business or personal taxes.
Covenant House was awarded $55,000 and as of February 10, 2015 we have $1,345.88 in tax credits still available. Please connact Angie to reserve yours now before they are gone.
Purchase tickets NOW!
Chef's Challenge 2015
April 14, 2015
Charleston Civic Center, South Hall
Canstruction 2015
April 11-14, 2015
Civic Center, 2nd floor lobby


text: My grandson, 9 years old, calls this "The world's best restaurant". That is because he can get fresh fruit and bacon there. Most restaurants don't have fruit, except for a fruit cup, on the menu. We have never had bad service or food that wasn't served at the right temperature. Always fast, and... read more


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I have been buying from MJM for a very long time.
Their merchandise is excellent. This close to Christmas
I got my order in the time period they...Read More ->
MJM Magic is no doubt the NUMBER 1 online magic store. I would definitely recommend anyone who is into magic to shop here. Thanks for the super fast...Read More ->