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The Helm Bed and Breakfast
No availability found through our partners. Please contact the business directly or check some of our recommended alternatives.
How has this b&b rated in the past?
- Suites
- Free High-Speed Internet
- Swimming pool
- Restaurant
- Bar/lounge
- Kitchenette
Photos of The Helm Bed and Breakfast
TripAdvisor Reviews The Helm Bed and Breakfast Westport
Travel Blogs from Westport
Ruins, don't worry my life is fine! :-)
... saw Our Lady (Mary, Jesus' mother) in 1879 on the back wall of the church. It was my first visit to a Marian apparition sight. Today we visited Croagh Patrick, a mountain that tradition says that St Patrick had a 40 day retreat on the summit in the 400s. It was raining, windy and cold so we didn't climb it. This evening we went to a performance of Handel's Messiah. Such beautiful music! I travel to Dublin tomorrow and fly home on ...
The Chieftains (figure it out)
update on 10/16 - went to dinner on the quay (pronounced "key" for those of you in the Bronx. - Had some oysters and scallops right from the Bay.
Went to Matt Maloy's Bar - the flutist from the Chieftains owns it or that is the rumor - met some folks from Belfast.
Went to the bar next store - the Portush - nice Irish music -
update 10/17 - Marian made us soup for lunch - went to an Italinan restaurant for dinner in town - food was great - La Belle Vita ...
Sunday on the Connemara Loop
... was simply a way of promoting local artists and craft shops. Connemara National Park was the next stop on the Connemara Loop. It was a bastion for the seemingly endangered peat bogs which we had seen along the road in inhospitable looking land. It had a display that explained their history and the use of the peat. We noticed stacks of it in the fields and saw it close up. It is much lighter than I expected. Solid fuel heating seems ...
Kicking Back on the Irish West Coast
We stayed at the shore near the small town of Clifden for four days. The whole place, for miles around, is simple, relaxing, and pleasant. We found a pub we liked in Clifden called Guy's Bar, and ate there every day because why not. The other pubs were probably just as good, who knows maybe better, but we liked Guy's so much we couldn't ...
Episode 5
... a particular harrowing flight a passenger asked for a coffee and the bar tender made him one adding a good splash of Irish whiskey, then when asked what sort of coffee it was he told them it was Irish coffee. The name of the bar was B O'Regan's.
It was still sunny when we visited Adare Castle with the frist tour of the season. Fortunately there was just 6 of us. Our lady guide was very good and told us a lot of the history of the castle and ...


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DEVs: Fleet Defense :/
DEVs would you all mind and taking a few minutes to play Fleet Defense twice without logging out (doesn't have to be same character) and see if you notice anything? :o
Since this mission was released it's been plagued with bad audio problems that usually expands to the rest of the game after you've played it a few times. The worst of it is experienced in the mission itself after the second time (audio cut outs, rapid overlapping voice-overs and severe lag because of it.) Most might not notice because they only play it once then log out(which fixes it).
Didn't wanna put this in the bug forum since I've already seen it reported, but just wanted to ask the DEVs to take a thorough look at the mission even though it's probably long forgotten by now. :(
I haven't played that mission in forever, it just completely breaks my computer lol.
It's okay though, I have other places where I can get fleet marks, easier/much faster.
Aye, the audio bug is getting stupid now! Only way to fix it is to exit the game & log back in..
It's got to the stage where I'll only run this event if all the others are on cooldown!!!
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subset: commoncrawl


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BPL Community Profile
Ben H. (bzhayes) - BPL Forum Member
You cannot send this user a personal message (PM) because they have not specified a PM email address yet.
All Forum Posts by Ben H.
What happened to the EE Rev-X?
I was perusing EE's website and I noticed the Rev-x disappeared... What happened? Looks like Tim hasn't been on BPL for about a week or so. His inventory also disappeared, but I think I...
Re: Giardia: Let's Talk SCIENCE
Buck, I haven't read through all of the responses (so sorry if you have already covered this). You requested feedback on your conclusions. In you article you state: "The CDC SPECIFI...
Re: Bury it...
around here we call it "caching"
Re: Question about alergies due to new bag
Well since this is a cottage bag, perhaps it was made in a home (or workspace) with cats. I know Tim (at EE) uses several different people to sew his bags.
UL positive feedback system: the dark side!!!
it sounds like a uncontrolled feedback loop... I leave this as a warning for those who come to this website in the future and find no one here. We all started down the UL path and kept getting ...
Re: Re: Coatings in Beer Can Pot
"...the BPA is only leeched in significant amounts the first few times water is boiled in it. I boiled water in it 5 times before using,..." That is probably an effective strategy for ...
Re: Time
It will be interesting to see how your inflation times compare. My guess would be that it would take considerably longer to blow up the balloons and get them arranged into a mattress. It will be ...
Re: That picture stinks
I love it Ryan! Yes you are addressing all three heat transfer methods. The air reduces conduction. The Mylar would act as a barrier to both convection and radiation. The mylar stuck in the...
Re: Pancakes
butter is quite shelf stable. We leave it out on the counter for days at a time. It never seems to go rancid. Gee is even more shelf stable.
Re: Re:
"...They spend hundreds of dollars on this stuff that is REALLY easy to tear, rip, and poke holes in. But then if someone comes up with an idea that costs $10 and takes a little extra time...
All Reader Reviews by Ben H.
Ben H. has posted no reviews.


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Is There Any Problem With Taking Polymehyl-methacrylate While On HIV Meds
Here's a taste of what TheBody.com has to offer on this topic:
Get the Facts
Caring for Your Gut: Dealing With Diarrhea, Nausea and Other Stomach Problems if You Have HIV/AIDS...AIDS-related opportunistic infections (OIs) affecting the gut include: Cryptosporidiosis Microsporidiosis Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) Severe or long-lasting GI problems can lead to serious health problems and can prevent HIV drugs from entering the system and fighting HIV. It's best to report these symptoms to your health care provider to determine if they are a side effect of treatment or a symptom of...
Ask the Experts
too many health problems cropping upHello there,I was diagnosed in February 2009 and have most likely been HIV+ for 3 years. My CD4 is 830, compared to 700 in February and viral load remains at 4000. I am not taking ARV medication. The past year however has been a catalogue of...
Response from Robert J. Frascino, M.D.
The Robert James Frascino AIDS Foundation...nasal discharge, for instance, are suggestive of a sinus infection, not HIV. HIV can be associated with some rheumatological problems; however, your sciatica and right elbow pain are not suggestive of an HIV-related problem. Shingles, limited to... Read more »
hiv meds and kidney problemsI have been on meds for 5yrs. It has been changed going on three times now. The first time, I was on Reyataz, Norvir, and Truvada, but started having kidney stones every three months after three years of taking it. Then I was switched to Atripla,...
Response from Keith Henry, M.D.
University of Minnesota, School of Medicine...If you have developed significant kidney problems while taking tenofovir then a switch to an abacavir based regimen often makes sense. If you are HLA B5701 negative then the Read more »
mild health problems in asymptomatic individualsI am a research scientist looking into nutritional needs of HIV positive individuals. I seek information from the people who actually see patients/address their concerns.I don't know if this is the appropriate place to ask my question but I have had...
Response from Nelson Vergel, B.S.Ch.E., M.B.A.
Program for Wellness Restoration...Asymptomatic HIV positive patients may develop vitamin defficiencies, food allergies, diarrhea with no known pathogen, and many other problems. I would love to see someone research the use of diagnostic tests like the Spectracell micronutrient... Read more »
Newly Diagnosed - other health problemsHi - I was diagnosed as HIV + on 12/30/2002. I see an infectious disease doc in three days for the 1st time. I am very nervous about this. My question is - I am a 30 year old, obese, diabetic (no insulin - controlled with oral meds), have high...
Response from Benjamin Young, M.D., Ph.D.
Rocky Mountain CARES...question and sorry to hear of your situation.It's tough to answer your question in detail, since knowing your CD4 cell count and HIV viral load really determines how to counsel about prognosis and medications.The presence of obesity, elevated... Read more »
Gynecological Problems... HIV-Positive Women and Gynecological Problems Certain gynecological (GYN) conditions are more common, more serious and/or more difficult to treat in HIV-positive women than Read more »
Nervous System Problems and Dementia...(CNS) problems include depression and problems with sleeping, balance, walking, thinking, and memory. In the early years of AIDS these were all called "HIV-Associated Dementia." However, a broader range of problems is showing up at present. This... Read more »
What Is HIV?...their viral load is high), eventually their immune system will weaken to the point that they may develop life-threatening health problems. If you're newly diagnosed, it can also be incredibly beneficial if you seek out support, get help from... Read more »
HIV/AIDS and Lipodystrophy Treatments Part III: Treatments for Metabolic Changes...these metabolic changes,including HIV or the HIV drugs. Although you cannot see these changes, they cancause serious long-term health problems. High lipid levels: High levels of blood fats such as cholesterol andtriglycerides can increase... Read more »
Connect With Others
Problems with HIV Science
Posted by Anonymous, 3 Replies...does not think HIV can cause AIDS without other unidentified cofactors (Balter, 1991). more.... http://www.healtoronto.com/problems.html Read more »
Several health problems
Posted by Anonymous, 1 Reply...I have been diagnosed with Aids 2 years and a half. Since then many things have been going wrong, kidney stones,hip necrosis,skin problems,severe vertigo,etc. Read more »
HIV/AIDS related kidney problems...
Posted by alexzander, 2 Replies...i have a question and was wondering if ANYONE out there knew even a little bit....people who are HIV+ (i myself have AIDS) but is it common to see tons of reoccuring kidney infections?! i mean these have been going on for months and months....i'm Read more »
taking hiv meds to Russia and Eastern Europe
Posted by Anonymous...and Eastern Europe this summer. I'm concerned that I might have a problem going through customs in these countries if my HIV meds are spotted. Has anyone taken their HIV meds to these countries? What happened? Any advice? Thanks! Read more »
Resource Centers
Guides for People With HIV


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"My mother always tells me that I don't appreciate the beauty that surrounds us," says Photo Camp participant Katie Burson. "But I do. I just don't express it. I don't freak out and say, 'Oh my god, look at that! It's so pretty.' I think that stuff is on the inside."
More »
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Unlike robotic parents, a beer and a burger are a natural pair. Initiate hunger protocol with this Groupon.
$10 for $20 Worth of Sandwiches, Wings, and Pizza
Chefs prepare signature overstuffed sandwiches ($6.99), piling corned beef or tuna salad high on fresh-baked Italian bread. They also whip up custom pizzas on crispy, thin crusts ($7.99) or spice packs of 25 wings ($15.99) in bourbon barbecue, cheesy garlic, or Cajun dry-rub flavors.
Panini's Bar and Grill
Inside Panini's Bar and Grill's palace of brick and stone in Twinsburg, pennants, jerseys, and famed sports photos bathe in the glow of 31 high-definition televisions. Outdoors, a bank of four televisions hangs over a covered bar, the centerpiece of the full-service outdoor patio. To round out the pairing of sports and overstuffed sandwiches, Saturday nights bring in live entertainment. Panini's has hosted such acts as the Rocket Men Dueling Pianos, in which two astronauts drop grand pianos on one another to demonstrate the principles of gravity.
93% of 659 customers recommend
"Great place, great service,great music, great food"
"I met a friend I hadn't seen in a very long time and we enjoyed a 2 1/2 hour lunch and our server was so nice and let us enjoy our time to just talk and talk."
"Great food, really enjoyed it. "
8870 Darrow Rd.
Twinsburg, OH 44087
+13309630095Get Directions


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Paladore - Boopets - Icepets
Do you want to join our staff team? Check out our seeking staff thread.
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VPL's sister site the virtual pets blog
Your advertisement can be seen here. Visit our advertising on virtualpetlist thread for more information.
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Help us out by Promoting VPL!
Xbox 360, PS3, or both?
Discussion in 'Gaming Discussion' started by Statik, Feb 21, 2011.


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Devils Lake businesses struggling with more jobs than workers
DEVILS LAKE — Nine people showed up for a recent job fair co-hosted by North Dakota Job Service and Pizza Ranch, a restaurant here.
"We hired two of them," said Paul Malarkey, the general manager of the pizzeria, which currently employs about 20 mostly part-time workers. "I could use another 15 or so."
Get the full story
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You will need your subscription account number and phone number. Not sure if you have an account? Email us or call (701) 780-1100 and we can help you.


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Round (18" dia) Teak Side Table with Serving Tray
The clever design of this all solid teak side table comes with a removable top that doubles as a serving tray! The 18" diameter tray is designed to sit snug on the table top. The design plays on the functional with a touch of whimsy. As with the rest of the Kafelonia Collection, this piece fits beautifully in any space for any occasion, indoors or out. Exclusively designed for Westminster, the Kafelonia Collection epitomizes the beautiful marrying of traditional craftsmanship and the clean lines of modern design. The pure forms and modern simplicity of each piece is a true reflection of timeless design. With the appropriate finish on the teak frames and fitting fabric selection on the cushions, the entire collection would fit beautifully indoors or out. Made to contract quality specifications.
As you browse through our pages and speak with our knowledgeable customer representatives, you will find there are quite a few reasons why many have returned and recommended others to shop with us over the past 12 years. Here are some that we often hear why many of our customers think we stand out:
Thank you for a great shopping experience and a beautiful product. One of the unfortunate things that we have learned in buying online is that you can expect to be disappointed. Product that doesn't quite measure up, deliveries that are delayed, promises made and broken.
I am pleased to say that Westminster Teak is none of the above. Product was not only delivered as promised, but I received not one, but two calls from the local warehouse manager giving me a time for delivery and then checking that all was as promised.
The table and chairs are beautiful. The web pictures simply don't give it justice. We live in a loft where our balcony is an intrinsic part of our living space and the table is our daily dining, card playing, working zone.
We receive endless compliments, and give you all the credit.
Thank you for being a rare merchant with integrity and service.
E B, Los Angeles, CA
Assembly Service Notice
Assembly is included with this item when this option is selected. With the assembly option selected, orders that are $1500 or over will also include White Glove Service. White Glove Service, in addition to assembly, includes unpacking, placement of furniture as well as removal and disposal of all debris including cartons and wood crating material. In stock cushions and in stock umbrella fabrics will be included with Assembly/White Glove Services. Made to order cushions and made to order umbrella fabrics are shipped separately via UPS and are not included with Assembly/White Glove Services.
Please allow 2-4 weeks for delivery when choosing Assembly/White Glove Services. Standard, non-assembled, delivery is 2-10 days.
Teak Treatment Service Notice


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Excursions - Moderate Active
Live Webcam Image from Cozumel - Punta Langosta
This is a
webcam view from our downtown oceanfront office
next to Punta Langosta Cruise Ship Pier.
This picture was taken 11:43AM (EST) Saturday, Mar 28
A new photo is posted every 1 minute all day 24 hours a day! The camera is currently
Take a LOOK at INSIDER'S PalMar SMALL Beach Club webcam #2!
Cozumelinsider has the BEST
Dolphin PROMOS & Discounts !
Find out what's happening in the area!
Read the News in English
ATTENTION! GEO-CACHE Treasure Hunters ~
GPS for WEBCAM 1
We now have 2 office locations to better serve you!
602-B Melgar (Upstairs)
Between Navy Base & Hotel Barracuda
(50 yards SOUTH of Punta Langosta Pier)
IslaMar Vacation Villas
rated "excellent" by many travelers
Phone: 987-869-0504
316 / 332 55 Avenida
Between Calle 3Sur & Morelos
(15 minute walk into town area)
Phone: 987-869-0504
Depending on season, one office or the other could be closed part of the day. So call first to see where we are ~ we would love to meet you!
But please do
our office, say "HI" and pick up a
FREE COZUMELINSDER MAP, PEN or KEYCHAIN!
We'd like to meet you and assist you with excursions, rental cars, and island accommodations!
A Personal Note from Sherri "Cozumel Carnaval 2015 is Here!"
And YES, just like that ~ Its here already: Cozumel Carnaval 2015! It fell very early on the calendar this year so Cozumel Carnaval 2015 is upon us and as usual it is an incredibly colorful, noisy and fun time of year! This is such a long time island tradition, that its occurrence permeates activities everywhere throughout the island. Competition dance groups are driving all over town and blocking streets with their trucks and sound systems as they perform for neighborhoods and excite folks for the parades. Parking and getting around downtown is near impossible because of all the extra Carnaval activities going on up there. And then of course back in town where folks live, the fabric and craft stores are jammed with folks running from store to store looking for that last bit of glitz to add to their costume. Its just a fabulous part of life here this time of year ~ Carnaval.
A sequin on a lapel here, a glob of glitter there on a skirt or a wad of fabric stapled together and hot glued to the top of an oddly shaped hat seem to be the way to raise a Carnavaleros spirits. I know it does mine! Folks fearlessly try any combination of things because after all ~ it only has to stay put together for 3 nights of parades! And all Carnavaleros try to help each other with costume dilemmas ~ oh I saw orange feathers at such and such store or yes, they have purple wigs just around the corner. And of course if you happen to have anything in your own personal Carnavalero stash of costume supplies that can help some one with a sparkle dilemma, its obligatory to disclose and turn it over! After all ~ its about sharing the fun and participating!
Most folks design and make their own costumes as well as the parade floats, so there are a lot of trailers pulled up in front of houses right now all over the neighborhoods. In a matter of days the trailers are transformed into everything imaginable so they can be in the Carnaval parades. At night, the beer coolers and snacks come out as the guys string wires on the trailers to try to rig up lights and music with generator power while the gals spray paint and glitter things up all over the float. As I drove around yesterday, I saw a fine looking giant shark being glittered ~ maybe theyll put folks inside the mouth or something who knows? Then later in the day I spotted a jumping frog coming to life in another part of town as communities come together and join in the fun that only Carnaval can create. Finally I passed by the location where all of the 'big' floats are being put together ~ those that the Carnaval Royal Court will ride on and wow ~ do those look impressive this year!
Hopefully you are HERE on the island with us and can enjoy this fantastic week of celebration with us and if not, please do visit our Cozumel Carnaval section of the website where we have over a decade of Carnaval pics already posted. I'm excited to say that we've acquired a wonderful collection of Carnaval photos from the 90's that we hope to get posted this year too! But first ~ we'll get back to posting THIS year's Carnaval photos!! Have fun and enjoy Cozumel Carnaval 2015!!
Check Out Sherri's Previous Writings!
Please Select
Cozumel Carnaval 2015 is Here! (Current)
20 Year Milestone (6/23/14)
Summertime of Service & Projects (6/6/14)
It's About Time.... (6/3/13)
Lovely Swallows of Low Season (5/9/13)
Milestones (1/7/13)
Time to Celebrate! (12/20/11)
Update - No Improvement for Us (7/6/10)
Mexican Movies (6/11/10)
Kidnapped in Cozumel Mexico (6/3/10)
Politics (5/22/10)
The Yarn Man (4/1/10)
Pandamonium! (2/13/10)
Mexican Currency (11/22/09)
Taxi Mafia Mathematics (3/3/09)
Hauling Trash with Don Juan (11/23/08)
Searching for Sarongs (7/18/08)
The Fizz Factor (6/21/08)
Dust Mops in Paradise (3/30/08)
Self Inflicted Torture (10/18/07)
The Rainy Season (9/28/07)
Endangered Species (9/11/07)
Mail Service (9/6/07)
Cozumel Dive Paradise & Hotel Barracuda - Dive Package
IslaMar Villa 5 Norte 1BR/1Bath Vacation Holiday Rental
Cozumel Island Map & Reef Creatures Cards
IslaMar Villas & Dive Paradise - Dive Package A - 4 Nights
PalMar's SMALL Snorkel Beach Club
IslaMar Villas & Dive Paradise - Dive Package A - 4 Nights
Cozumel Dive Paradise & Hotel Barracuda - Dive Package
PalMar's SMALL Snorkel Beach Club
PalMar's SMALL Snorkel Beach Club
IslaMar Villa 5 Norte 1BR/1Bath Vacation Holiday Rental
Personal Experiences
Submit Feedback
Thank you SO MUCH for all the valuable information! I know we are going to have a wonderful time. We will be in Cozumel until 12:00 midnight so I am sure we will have plenty of time to visit the places you have mentioned. I hate we will not have the pleasure of meeting you! You have been so helpful with everything! The company you work for if very fortunate to have an employee such as you! You are truly an asset to them! Thank you again for everything and I hope you have a wonderful day!
Debbie Long :-)
D. Long ~ Hampstead, NC
Hey ~ I just wanted to follow up and say what a great time we had swimming with the whale sharks. I also wanted to commend our tour guide Cesar. He was very knowledgeable of the people, the land, the culture, and the history. I would highly recommend him to anybody wanting to tour Mexico.
Thanks again for all of your help,
Matt Brosh ~ Austin, Texas
Sherri ~ WOW!!! We just returned from our cruise! What a wonderful time we had!! Your COZUMELINSIDER.com bookings for our Dolphin snorkel adventure and Sea Trek were the highlight of the cruise. They were easy and saved us about half the cost of booking through the cruise line. We simply hopped into a cab and spent the day at the Park (we could have spent a week there.) They were even able to work us into the Sea Trek early. All the people were friendly, helpful and overall just treated us great. While we were standing around waiting a short little man came up and ask if we wanted a snorkel tour. I instantly remembered what you had said and looked at his name tag. It was Mario! His tour was fantastic! If you see him ask him if he remembers Señor Ed and his family (he never caught that my name was Ted, but thats okay!) I had a waterproof digital camera and he snapped lots of pictures of us. We had a wonderful time and much of it was thanks to you, your website and staff!
I know you probably get lots of pictures but I had to send you three. Look at the smiles on my boys faces. That says it all! Thank you so much for all your help and advice. We cant wait to return. Your website is the first place we will stop! I wish we could have met in person. We will next time!
T. Mahler Family ~ Howe ,TX
We will be leaving tommorrow for 2 week stay at Islamar villas and diving with Dive Paradise. All of this along with a car rental was booked through you guys. Not only did you have a professional attitude through all the e-mails in booking the original dates but at the last minute I extended my stay. You and your staff were especially kind through all of this. You got the car extended and went way out of your way to make sure everything was taken care of, not to mention letting me borrow your personal roller bag to go to the market. You extended everything with ease and you are a great asset to Cozumel and Mexico. This will be my 12 th trip and I will never work with anyone else from now on. Thank you Sherri. Jack
J. Marshall ~ Enid Oklahoma, USA
Hello Sherri ~ I met you back in 2001 (12 years ago!) when my husband and I along with another couple were involved in a wreck and you were behind us and helped us out as to our rights in the matter. A motorcycle ran into the side of us pretty bad if you recall. I believe you said you lived in Addison, Texas like us. I have booked a trip and will be in Cozumel next Tuesday. Any recommendation on vehicle rental you can suggest for me? LATER: My date and I had a blast in Cozumel. He loved the island. It was a very short trip. I am including a photo of us on the cruise. He would like to go back and stay for a few days at your place. Hope you are doing good, please keep in touch.
C Bronstad ~ San Antonio, TX
Copyright © 2000-2014 Sherri Davis, All Rights Reserved. All website content is the property of Cozumel Insider unless otherwise attributed and cannot be used, displayed or reproduced without express written permission from Cozumel Insider. Contributors retain the copyright to their work where applicable; please do not take art or words without permission. Other graphics and reference materials are used and attributed as per the Fair Use Provision of The Copyright Act and individual terms of use.
Contact Sherri Davis
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Book your room at Hôtel Lou Cigaloun
SuiteMax Occupancy: 2 guests
Triple RoomMax Occupancy: 3 guests (up to 2 children, 2 infants)
Single RoomMax Occupancy: 1 guest
Standard Double RoomMax Occupancy: 2 guests (up to 1 child, 1 infant)
Comfort Double RoomMax Occupancy: 2 guests (up to 1 child, 1 infant)
Comfort Triple RoomMax Occupancy: 3 guests (up to 2 children, 2 infants)
Standard Triple RoomMax Occupancy: 3 guests (up to 2 children, 2 infants)
Quadruple RoomMax Occupancy: 4 guests (up to 3 children, 3 infants)
Superior Quadruple RoomMax Occupancy: 4 guests (up to 3 children, 3 infants)
Hotel in Orange near Orange Amphitheatre
Situated in Orange, this hotel is close to Ancient Theatre of Orange, Orange Amphitheatre, and Triumphal Arch of Orange. Nearby attractions also include Orange Golf Club.
Hotel Features
In addition to complimentary wireless Internet access, Hôtel Lou Cigaloun provides a library, multilingual staff, and a safe deposit box at the front desk.
Room Amenities
Flat-screen televisions come with digital channels. Guestrooms also feature complimentary wireless Internet access, climate control, and coffee/tea makers.Information missing or incorrect? Tell us!
Hotel Amenities
Hotel Amenities
Hôtel Lou Cigaloun features a library, tour/ticket assistance, and multilingual staff. High-speed wireless Internet access is complimentary. This Orange hotel also offers complimentary newspapers in the lobby, room service (during limited hours), and a safe deposit box at the front desk. Onsite parking is available (surcharge).
Hôtel Lou Cigaloun is a smoke-free property.
- Total number of rooms - 24
- Free newspapers in lobby
- Tours/ticket assistance
- Library
- Number of floors - 2
- Multilingual staff
- Safe-deposit box at front desk
- Self parking (surcharge)
- Free parking nearby
- Smoke-free property
- Breakfast available (surcharge)
- Free WiFi
- Number of buildings/towers - 2
Available in all rooms: Free WiFi
Available in some public areas: Free WiFi
Self parking (surcharge), Free parking nearby
Room Amenities
- Climate control
- Coffee/tea maker
- Daily housekeeping
- Turndown service
- Private bathroom
- Hair dryer
- Bathtub or shower
- Desk
- Iron/ironing board (on request)
- Digital TV service
- Flat-panel TV
- Free WiFi
- Room service (limited hours)
- Free cribs/infant beds
Where to Eat
Buffet breakfasts are available for a surcharge and are served each morning between 8:00 AM and 10:00 AM.
Room service (during limited hours) is available.
Nearby Things to Do
The recreational activities listed below are available either on site or nearby; fees may apply.
- Golfing nearby
- Bicycle rentals nearby
To make requests for specific accessibility needs, complete the "Special or Accessibility Requests" section of "Trip Preferences" when you book your hotel.
- Accessible bathroom
- Roll-in shower
Hotel Policies
Check-in time starts at 3 PM
Check-in time ends at 10 PM
Special check-in instructions:
Check-out time is 11 AM
Payment types
Pets allowed, Only dogs and cats are allowed, Maximum number of pets per room 1
You need to know
Extra-person charges may apply and vary depending on hotel policy.
Government-issued photo identification and a credit card or cash deposit are required at check-in for incidental charges.
Special requests are subject to availability upon check-in and may incur additional charges. Special requests cannot be guaranteed.
No rollaway/extra beds available
Parking height restrictions apply
No elevators
- A tax is imposed by the city: EUR 0.89 per person, per night
- Fee for buffet breakfast: EUR 9.00 per person (approximately)
- Self parking fee: EUR 10 per night
National Rating
This hotel has received its official star rating from the French Tourism Development Agency, ATOUT France.


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Lightning Starts Small Fire In Northeast Yellowstone
National Park Service
Yellowstone National Park
Al Nash or Dan Hottle
Lightning Starts Small Fire In Northeast Yellowstone
Lightning from recent thunderstorms has started a small fire in the northeastern region of Yellowstone National Park.
The Druid Fire was reported early Friday afternoon. It is located approximately two miles north of the Northeast Entrance Road on the northern aspect of Druid Peak overlooking the Lamar Valley.
The fire is estimated to be two acres and burning in heavy spruce timber. It will be monitored by park fire crews.
Smoke may be visible at times from the road. However, no roads, campgrounds or trails are closed because of this fire, and it poses no threat to visitors.
The fire danger in Yellowstone National Park is currently "High."
This is the second lightning-caused fire reported in Yellowstone this week. The Snake Fire, at approximately 200 acres, continues to burn on the Yellowstone National Park/Bridger-Teton National Forest boundary near the park's South Entrance.
Updated information on the Snake Fire can be found on the Web at http://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/3600/ or by phone 24 hours a day at 307-344-2580.
- www.nps.gov/yell -
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crowns of plants, rose, help!
Hi all. I have a question regarding my Kaitlin Ainsley rose that I was so certain was dead. It came up with a couple stem sprouts with leaves today. The old stems are still dead.
After reviewing the plant, I realized I might have buried it too deep last year!!! If I covered the crown, that might have "killed" it off?
So, now that I know it is alive, should I raise it up a bit or leave it to make its own, new crown with the new stems?
It seems to be the only downward sloping part of the bed so I wouldn't mind raising it a bit.
Or, should I just leave it alone, let it come back to life and wait until next year to move it about?
Funny how two years of horticulture courses and an entire lifetime of planting and gardening could leave me completely unaware that covering the crown could kill a plant!! I guess it is a good thing that I never covered a crown before!
(sorry the photos are so gigantic!!)
My knowledge of roses is severely limited, but I did get two David Austin roses last week and here are the planting directions:
"Position the rose so that the bud union is about 4" below ground level in cold winter areas and at ground level in milder areas." And under Winter Protection - " The chances of survival in cold winter areas (zone 5 and below) can be improved by deep planting initially and by burying the stems with about ten inches of partly composted shredded bark, sawdust or similar, once winter has set in."
The pictures that go with the instructions clearly show the crown and the first couple inches of canes below ground, so I would guess that planting it deep is not what is causing your problem - and raising it up might not be a good thing.
Are you sure the old canes are dead? They look ok to me, and my roses (the older ones) have just started showing signs of life in the last day or two. And the new ones - planted (deep) Friday, new growth showing today. WooHoo!
Thanks, Windwhipped! I feel like there is always something new to learn :)
I'm certainly not going to mess with it now. I did feed it when I fed the others as I did not want to give up on it. Good choice! (pats self of back)
I'm not 100% sure the canes are dead, they just look it to me. The four other roses have all had growth from their canes for about three weeks now.
I cannot complain, I want to see this rose in bloom and I want to see those gigantic red hips come fall!
I love David Austins! Which ones did you get? I haven't been brave enough to try any of those up here but I used to have a Graham Thomas and another one I forgot...Jude the Obscure?? The deer ate them regularly :(
Thanks for sharing!!
I got Gertrude Jekyll and Abraham Darby, both climbing. I am a little concerned, too, about how well they will do here, but I needed some new roses and I couldn't resist the pretty pictures. Besides, you never know until you try. Good luck with yours, and keep your fingers crossed for mine.


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CorpCast Episode 2: Advancement 101
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Food ok but nothing special; nothing to really write home about! Not really a romantic venue for two. Loyalty card available. Outdoor seating in the summer months.
3 Days in Hamburg
Romantic Guide to Hamburg
Best Food in Hamburg
Delicious food with very kind service. You must try the quesadillas with real mexican flavour. If you can not make a choice because of the variety of the food, the waiters give you great advice.
Register now for free — and start getting automatic notification of new reviews, responding to traveler feedback, adding new photos to your listing and much more.


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1994 Local government water quality protection study (Houston-Galveston Area Council, 1994)A survey was conducted in 1993 by HGAC to determine the implementation of direct and indirect water quality protection measures. Topics including comprehensive planning, zoning, land use controls, and erosion and sediment ...
The 1995 National Shellfish Register of Classified Growing Waters (Strategic Environmental Assessments Division, Office of Ocean Resources Conservation and Assessment, National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, in cooperation with Interstate Shellfish Sanitation Conference, 1997)This report presents the results of the 1995 National Shellfish Register of Classified Growing Waters. This Register, the seventh produced since 1966, characterizes the status of over 4,200 shellfish-growing waters in 21 ...
The 1995 National Shellfish Register of Classified Growing Waters (Strategic Environmental Assessments Division, Office of Ocean Resources Conservation and Assessment, National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, in cooperation with Interstate Shellfish Sanitation Conference, 1995)NOAA's State of the Coast Project offers information about topics related to the use and preservation of natural resources in our Nation's coastal areas. It is a focal point for exchange of ideas among those responsible ...
1995 Wasteload estimates and forecasts for the Clear Lake watershed (Houston-Galveston Area Council, 1996)The Texas Natural Resource Conservation Commission (TNRCC) regulates wastewater discharge through the use of permits. Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total suspended solids (TSS), and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) are the ...
1997 Annual Report of the Environmental Institute of Houston: The University of Houston Clear Lake and the University of Houston, Houston, Texas (Environmental Institute of Houston, 1998)No abstract available.
1999 Environmental Education Grant Profiles (United States Environmental Protection Agency, 1999-10)This report summarizes 206 environmental education grants awarded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) during fiscal year (FY) 1999. The Environmental Education Grants Programs was created under Section 6 of ...
2001 Update of Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Cadmium (United States Environmental Protection Agency, 2001-04)This update document provides guidance to States and Tribes authorized to establish water quality standards under the Clean Water Act (CWA) to protect aquatic life from acute and chronic effects of cadmium. Under the CWA, ...
2003 National Clean Water Act Recognition Awards Ceremony (United States Environmental Protection Agency, 2003-09)No abstract available.
2008 Coastal Federal Legislative Agenda (2008-01-09)Resolution passed by the Galveston County Beach Erosion Task Force. States goals and objectives with respect to federal legislation.
2008 Coastal Federal Legislative Agenda (2008-01-21)
2008 Coastal Federal Legislative Agenda (2008-02-20)Resolution passed by the Galveston County Commissioners Court. States goals and objectives with respect to federal legislation.
2013 State Legislative Program, 83rd Texas Legislative Session (2013-01-13)States the City of Galveston's legislative objectives and goals for the 83rd Texas Legislative Session (2013). Lists priority issues for Galveston.
2013 Texas Trends Hotel Industry Report (2013-08-13)
202 Questions for the Endangered Coastal Zone (American Littoral Society, 1970)Asking questions is the best way to get those who exercise jurisdiction in coastal zone management to take their jobs seriously and to focus public attention on their activities. This question guide will help you emphasize ...
21 Years of Shoreline Changes on Mustang Island Gulf Beach.Final Report on Beach and Dune Erosion on a South Texas Barrier Island Beach Since 1979. A Report of the Texas Coastal Coordination Council pursuant to National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Award No. NA87OZ0251. GLO Contract Number 98-291R by the Marine Science Institute, the University of Texas at Austin. (, 2000)No abstract available
21Years of Shoreline Change on Mustang Island Gulf beach. www.glo.state.tx.us (, 1994)No abstract available
24 hours from sewage to fertilizer. (, 1932)No abstract available
25 Years of the Safe Drinking Water Act: Protecting Our Health from Source to Tap (United States Environmental Protection Agency, 1999-12)No abstract available.
3-D hydrodynamic model of Galveston Bay (Galveston Bay National Estuary Program, 1993)The U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station (WES) Hydraulics Laboratory (HL) has developed a three-dimensional (3D) hydrodynamic model of Galveston Bay for the Houston- Galveston Navigation channels, Texas project, ...
3rd National Conference on Coastal and Estuarine Habitat Restoration (Restore America's Estuaries, 2006)Conference program


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15K MILES**Reverse Cam**19 Multi-Spoke Wheels**Veneer Door and Rear Quarters**Massage Front Seats**LOADED** Domani Motor Cars is proud to present this gorgeous 2008 Bentley Continental GTC.... More
This 2008 Bentley Continental GTC Continental GTC AWD features a 6.0L W1 2 PFI DOHC 48V Turbo 12cyl engine. It is equipped with a... More


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The invention relates to comb polymers based on olefin copolymer macromonomers. Preferred comb polymers are copolymers of optionally hydrogenated olefin copolymer macromonomers of formula I ##STR1## wherein R' is hydrogen or methyl
R1 is the organic residue of a lithium-organic compound,
[A] is a segment formed by 1,4-addition of butadiene potentially substituted with a C1-C6 alkyl residue
[A'] is a segment formed by vinyl addition of butadiene potentially substituted with a C1-C6 alkyl residue
and n+m stands for an integer of from 7 to 3,000, with (meth)acrylic ester monomers of formula II ##STR2## wherein R' is hydrogen or methyl, and
R2 is an alkyl residue with 1 to 26 carbon atoms.
1. Comb polymers comprising an olefin copolymer macromonomer of formula I: ##STR13## wherein R' is hydrogen or methyl,
R1 is a linear, branched or cyclic C2 -C8 alkyl group or a C6-C 10 aryl group,
[A] is a segment formed by the 1,4-addition of butadiene optionally substituted with a C1-C6 alkyl group,
[A'] is a segment formed by the vinyl addition of butadiene optionally substituted with a C1-C6 alkyl group, and
n+m is an integer of from 10 to 3,000, copolymerized with alkyl(meth)acrylic ester monomers of formula II ##STR14## wherein R' is hydrogen or methyl, and
R2 is an alkyl group with 1 to 26 carbon atoms.
2. Comb polymers as claimed in claim 1, wherein in addition to the alkyl(meth)acrylic ester monomers of formula II, monomers of formula III ##STR15## wherein R"' is hydrogen or methyl and Bs is a heterocyclic 5- or 6-member ring or a residue ##STR16## wherein Z is oxygen or --NR4, Q is an optionally alkylated hydrocarbon bridge with a total of 2 to 50 carbon atoms which may be interrupted by ether linkages, R5 is --OR6 or --NR7 R8, wherein R6 is hydrogen or an alkyl residue with 1 to 24 carbon atoms or an alkyl-substituted aryl residue with C1-C18-alkyl substituents, and wherein R7 and R8 each are an alkyl residue with 1 to 6 carbon atoms or together form, with the nitrogen atom and optionally other hetero-atoms, a heterocyclic 5- or 6-member ring, and wherein R4 is hydrogen or an alkyl residue with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, are also copolymerized with said olefin copolymer macromonomers in amounts from 0.5 to 25% by weight based on the total weight of all monomers.
3. Comb polymers as claimed in claim 1, wherein said olefin copolymer macromonomer has the formula I-A: ##STR17## wherein R is hydrogen or methyl,
n' is an integer of from 0 to 3,000, and
m' is an integer of from 0 to 3,000,
with the condition that n'+m' equal at least 10, and m' ≧n'.
4. Comb polymers as claimed in claim 2, wherein said olefin copolymer macromonomer has the formula I-A: ##STR18## wherein R is hydrogen or methyl,
n' is an integer of from 0 to 3,000, and
m' is an integer of from 0 to 3,000,
with the condition that n'+m' equal at least 10, and m' ≧n'.
5. Macromonomers of formula I-A ##STR19## wherein R is hydrogen or methyl,
n' is an integer of from 0 to 1,500,
m' is a non-zero integer greater than or equal to n, and
n'+m' is an integer of at least 10.
6. An oil composition comprising oil and the comb polymer of claim 1.
7. An oil composition comprising oil and the comb polymer of claim 2.
This application is a Continuation of application Ser. No. 08/227,344, filed on Apr. 14, 1994, now abandoned.
The invention relates to comb polymers based on olefin copolymer macromonomers. These comb polymers are useful as oil additives. This application is based on German Application P4312715.0, filed Apr. 20, 1993, incorporated herein by reference.
The viscosities of polymer solutions, particularly of polymers in mineral oils, typically depend to a high degree on the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution of the polymer. The thickening effect (ηrel =relative viscosity) and its dependence on temperature (coil contraction) generally increase together with increasing molecular weight. See Rheological Properties of Lubricants, J. Briant, J. Denis, G. Parc, Ed., Editions Technip., Paris 1989) incorporated herein by reference.
Parallel to this, the shear stability, i.e. chain breakage, precipitously decreases with increasing molecular weight. Due to these opposing effects, shear-stable viscosity index improvers, such as the ones popular for gear, hydraulic and other motor oil applications can only be realized with very large amounts of additives.
Polyalkyl(meth)acrylates, (PAMAs), when used as oil additives bring about, with a specific dependence on molecular weight and monomer composition, an increase in the viscosity index and provide low temperature properties which are excellent as compared to other viscosity index improvers. The basic precondition for their use as oil additives is, in each case, the oil solubility of the polymer. In the case of polyalkyl(meth)acrylates, the oil solubility is based on the presence of a sufficiently high number of ester alkyl side chains, usually with C≧10.
To increase the viscosity index of polyalkylmethacrylates, short-chain (meth)acrylates have been used, e.g., methylmethacrylate or butylmethacrylate. Since the short-chain components reduce the solubility of the PAMA at low temperatures, the methylmethacrylate content is limited to approximately 20% by weight. Depending on shear stability and the base oil, the viscosity indices range between 150 and 250, based on a molecular weight range with a corresponding shear stability index (SSI) of up to 20.
Of particular technical interest in the art are viscosity index improvers which contribute only minimally to overall viscosity at low temperatures and provide normal thickening at 40� to 100� C. with simultaneous good oil solubility in the low temperature range. Such viscosity index improvers would make it possible to use higher-viscosity base oils with a correspondingly lower evaporation loss at higher temperatures.
Accordingly, one object of the invention is to provide a novel polymer oil additive that provides the properties described above. Other objects will become apparent as the invention becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description.
It has now been discovered that desired oil additive properties are provided by comb polymers produced by the copolymerization of alkyl(meth)acrylates with macromonomers of the olefin-copolymer (OCP) type. The invention thus relates in particular to comb polymers produced by radical copolymerization of alkyl(meth)acrylates with olefin-copolymer macromonomers and oil compositions containing these additives. Radical copolymerization and anionic copolymerization techniques are preferred.
Preferred OCP macromonomers according to the invention. have the following formula I ##STR3## wherein R' is hydrogen or methyl
R1 is an organic residue of a lithium-organic compound,
[A] is a segment formed by the 1,4-addition of butadiene which is optionally substituted with a C1-C6 alkyl residue, or is a segment formed by the vinyl addition of styrene or a C1 -C6 alkyl styrene
[A'] is a segment formed by the vinyl addition of butadiene which is optionally substituted with a C1-C6 alkyl residue, or is a segment formed by the vinyl addition styrene or a C1 -C6 alkyl styrene
n and m each independently are an integer of from 0 to 3,000 and n+m=7 to 3000.
R1, as will be shown below, stems from a lithium-organic catalyst used in anionic polymerization to provide compounds of formula I and preferably stands for an alkyl or aryl residue with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably a linear or branched butyl residue, more preferably an n-butyl residue or a phenyl residue.
Preferred alkyl(meth)acrylic ester monomers copolymerizable with the above-described OCP macromonomer have the following formula II ##STR4## wherein R' is hydrogen or methyl, and
R2 is an alkyl residue with 1 to 26 carbon atoms.
Particularly preferred OCP macromonomers are compounds of general formula (I) wherein segments [A] and/or [A'] are derived from butadiene or isoprene (2-methyl-,1,3-butadiene) and having the following formula I-A ##STR5## wherein R is hydrogen or methyl,
n' is an integer of from 0 to 3,000, and
m' is an integer of from 0 to 3,000, provided that n'+m' equals at least 10, m'≧n' and n'+m'≦3,000.
Furthermore, segments [A] or [A'] derived from styrene and styrene derivatives, e.g. alkyl styrenes, in particular methyl-substituted styrenes, are also of interest.
Examples of preferred comonomers of formula II are methylmethacrylate, butylacrylate, butylmethacrylate 2 -ethylhexylacrylate, a mixture of n-C6-C10-alkylmethacrylates (from the commercial product LINCOL� by Condea), and a mixture of C12-C15-alkylmethacrylates (from commercial product DOBANOL� 25 L by Shell Hamburg).
Other suitable monomers for copolymerization with the invention OCP macromonomers in addition to those of formula II include radically polymerizable monomers containing functional groups, particularly those whose dispersion/detergent activity in oil additives is known, e.g., compounds of formula III ##STR6## wherein R"' stands for hydrogen or methyl and Bs stands for a 5- or 6-member heterocyclic ring or the residue: ##STR7## where Z is oxygen or --NR4, and Q is an optionally alkylated hydrocarbon bridge having a total of 2 to 50 carbon atoms which may be interrupted by ether linkages, preferably 2 to 6 carbon bridge members, and R5 is --OR6 or --NR7 R8, wherein R6 is hydrogen or an alkyl residue with 1 to 24, preferably 8 to 22 carbon atoms or an alkyl-substituted aryl residue, particularly a phenyl residue with one or more C1-C18-alkyl substituents, preferably one or more C6-C16-alkyl substituents, and wherein R7 and R8 each are an alkyl residue with 1 to 6 carbon atoms or together form, with the nitrogen and potentially other hetero-atoms, a heterocyclic 5- or 6-membered ring, and wherein R4 is hydrogen or an alkyl residue with 1 to 6 carbon atoms. In addition to nitrogen, heteroatoms also include oxygen and/or sulfur. Examples of preferred heterocyclic residues are imidazoles, lactams, carbazoles, vinylcarbazoles and vinylimidazoles.
The content of radically polymerizable monomers having functional groups in the invention comb polymers ranges from 0 to 25% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 25%, particularly 2 to 20% by weight, based on the total monomer weight.
Preferred comb polymers according to the invention are copolymers comprising 5 to 80 wt % OCP macromonomers of formula I and/or formula IA, preferably 10 to 50 wt %, and 90 to 50 wt % of alkyl (meth) acrylic ester monomers of formula II. Optionally, 0-25 wt %, preferably 0.8-20 wt % based on the total monomer content, of monomers of compound III can be used to produce the invention comb polymer. Of course, mixtures of each of the above monomer types can be used in preparing an invention comb polymer. With regard to formula I preferred n and m values range from 10 to 1,000, and preferred (n+m) values range from 10 to 2,00.0. For formula I-A, preferred n' and m' values range from 10 to 1,000, and preferred (n'+m') values range from 10 to 2,000. Preferred overall apparent molecular weights MW of the invention comb polymers are from 10,000 to 500,000, preferably 20,000 to 300,000 as measured by size exclusion chromatography based on a PMMA calibration.
Macromonomers of formula I may be prepared using any known process, and one process is explained below using optionally substituted butadiene. As shown below, the compound of formula IV is produced in an anionic polymerization step, preferably with butyl lithium in a suitable inert solvent L, such as toluene, hexane, cyclohexane, THF, as well as their mixtures, while terminating the polymerization with ethylene oxide: ##STR8## wherein R3 stands for hydrogen or an alkyl residue with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and n, m, and R1 have the above meanings.
The compound of formula IV can be hydrogenated in any known manner if desired, e.g., by catalytic hydrogenation with hydrogen, preferably with a palladium catalyst under pressure (30-150 atmospheres), yielding a saturated alcohol of formula V: ##STR9##
The compounds of formula I or IA can then be produced in any known manner from compounds IV or V, e.g., by reaction with an activated (meth)acrylic acid derivative of formula VI ##STR10## wherein X stands for Cl or a residue: ##STR11## where R" is hydrogen or methyl, or by reesterification with a (meth)acrylate, preferably in the presence of at least one polymerization inhibitor, e.g., from the class of sterically inhibited phenols, usually in amounts from 0.1 to 1% by weight, based on the compounds of formula IV or V. See H. Rauch-Puntigam, Acryl- und Methacrylverbindungen, Springer-Verlag 1968, Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 5th Ed. Vol. A20, pg 461-475 VCH 1992; R. Gaechter, H. M. Muller, Handbuch der Kunststoffadditive, Hanser Verlag, 1979 incorporated herein by reference.
The conversion to compounds of formula I or IA is preferably performed such that the compound of formula IV or V is placed in a (water-immiscible) inert solvent, such as, e.g., methyl-tert.-butylether or an aromatic solvent, such as toluene, and agitated, preferably in the presence of an acid acceptor, such as pyridine, triethylamine, and is left to react with a compound of, e.g., formula VI over a specific period of time, e.g. 12-24 hours at 25� C. Processing continues by precipitation of the product with ethanol (ratio of solvent/precipitant approximately 1:10). The macromonomers of formula I or IA can also be produced according to U.S. Pat. No. 5,254,632, incorporated herein by reference, by reesterification.
By using the process described above, the molecular weights, distributions, and microstructure of macromonomers of formula I and IA can be specifically adjusted. In addition, good terminal group functionality (fOH,MMA >90%) is achieved.
The following process also can be used for producing macromonomers of formula I or IA. Anionic polymerization of, e.g., butadiene with lithium-organic compounds is well known in the art (see H. P. Mark et al. Encyclopedia of Polymer Science & Engineering 2nd Ed. Vol. 2, 562-567, J. Wiley 1985, Houben-Weyl, Methoden der Organischen Chemie Vol. XIV/1, p. 643-660, Georg Thieme 1961 incorporated herein by reference). Butyl lithium in heptane, whereby 40-50% of trans- and cis-, and approximately 5-10% of vinyl compounds are formed, can be used to accomplish polymerization of the diene. The reaction may be performed, e.g., in absolute toluene to which is added a solution of butyl lithium, e.g., n-butyl lithium or sec. butyl lithium, as well as a regulator, e.g., tetrahydrofuran, necessary for regulating the microstructure to the desired range. The diene is usually condensed with cooling, e.g., in the range from -20� to 0� C. After cooling is stopped and room temperature has been reached, reaction usually takes place exothermally. In the case of the butadiene, temperature peaks of up to 80� C. are reached. In many cases it is recommended that approximately an hour of heating follow in order to complete the reaction; 60� C. is given as a reference value. The solution may then be cooled to e.g. -5� C. and ethylene oxide, e.g., in tetrahydrofuran, is metered in to stop chain propagation. The reaction with ethylene oxide results in chain termination: ##STR12##
As a rule, completion of the reaction follows, e.g. for approximately 20 hours. For further processing, acidification, e.g., with concentrated hydrochloric acid, follows, preferably under an inert gas, such as argon, and is then followed by washing with water for neutralization; any emulsion that forms is countered by adding suitable breaking agents, e.g., ether or sodium chloride. The compounds of formula IV produced in this manner can be further processed by, e.g., being dried over magnesium sulfate, subsequent filtration, and concentration in a rotary evaporator. The subsequent drying of the residues may take place, e.g., in the vacuum dryer at room temperature.
The desired microstructure thus can be adjusted by anionic polymerization of the diene with a lithium-organic compound as initiator in a suitable solvent, such as toluene, with metering in of defined amounts of tetrahydrofurane (THF). The required amount of THF depends on the molecular weight, since the desired structure ratio is obtained with a molar THF/initiator ratio of 3:1 to 1:1.
If the heterogenic hydrogenation of compounds according to formula IV into the saturated alcohols of formula V is desired, the conversion can be performed according to any known process, preferably in a high pressure autoclave (with agitator and heater) in a suitable liquid medium, such as THF and in the presence of a metallic hydrogenation catalyst, such as, e.g., palladium, preferably on a calcium carbonate carrier. It is advantageous that 5-20% wt/wt polymer solutions in THF and--as a reference--a hydrogen pressure of 50 bar are used. It was found that, following an observed drop in pressure and on reaching a constant temperature, heating, e.g., to 120� C., and hydrogenation over a specific time, e.g., 18 hours, is practical. Further processing is performed in the usual manner.
The acylation of the alcohols according to formula IV or V to produce OCP (meth)acrylates of formula (I) or (IA) can be performed with the usual activated (meth)acrylic acid derivatives, such as, e.g., compounds of formula VI. The reaction typically is performed in a suitable container, e.g., a round-bottom three-neck flask with reflux cooler (calcium chloride pipe), magnetic agitator, and internal thermometer. The reaction usually is allowed to occur in the presence of an acid acceptor, e.g. triethylamine. Usually the polymers are provided dissolved in a suitable inert solvent, e.g. diethylether (approximately 10%), and an acid acceptor is added, usually with a 10% molar ratio excess of the compound of formula VI. With agitation, the compound of formula VI, preferably methacrylic acid chloride, is added to compound IV or V in an equimolar ratio. Addition of a polymerization inhibitor is recommended (see H. Rauch-Puntigam, Th. Volker, Chemie der Acryl- und Methacrylverbindungen, Springer-Verlag 1967 incorporated herein by reference), e.g., of the hydroquinone derivative type, such as, e.g., hydroquinone monomethylether in ppm amounts; 50 ppm is given as a reference. The reaction is allowed to occur over a period of, e.g. 18 hours, at room temperature. Further processing is accomplished by filtering off the precipitated salt, e.g. the triethylammonium hydrochloride, subsequent washing of the organic phase with water for neutralization, precipitation of compound I with e.g. methanol, or concentration on the rotary evaporator, and drying.
The copolymerization of monomers of formulas I or IA with monomers of formula II and optionally with monomers III may be performed, e.g., as a radical-induced solvent polymerization in any known manner (see H. Rauch-Puntigam, Th. Volker, Acryl-und Methacrylverbindungen loc.cit.). Smaller batches can be performed, e.g., in a bent-tube vessel. For larger batches a reactor with agitator, gas entry device, and heater is used. The macromonomer of formula I and/or IA and the monomer formula II are dissolved in a suitable inert solvent L, such as, e.g., toluene, xylene, so that approximately 50% solutions are obtained. In a typical batch, the monomer components are used in a weight ratio of 1:1. Degasification is achieved by adding dry ice or by introducing nitrogen for approximately 10 minutes. Practically, this is followed by heating until the polymerization temperature is reached, e.g., to 77� C., and an initiator is added, e.g., as a 1% solution in the reaction solvent. Suitable initiators are any known initiators, e.g. azo-initiators, such as azo-bis-isobutyronitrile (AIBN), also peroxy-compounds in the usual amounts, e.g. 0.1 to 1% by weight related to the monomers. The initiator can be replenished at specific intervals, e.g. after 4 and after 6 hours. The total polymerization time usually lasts about one day. The formed comb polymer can be further washed, processed, etc. with a precipitant, e.g. methanol.
The advantages of comb polymers according to the invention include their particularly favorable low temperature behavior when used as oil additives. Any oil can be used, including motor oil, hydraulic oil, silicone oil, mineral oil, gear oil, etc. A comb polymer with a 10-20% by weight Formula I macromonomer content and 80-90% by weight alkyl(meth)acrylate (formula II) content with C1-C10 alkyl esters as viscosity index improvers has a shear stability index SSI=20, with a viscosity index >300, and a thickening effect at -25� C. of 1.5 (ηrel =1.5). Suitable choice of comonomers and/or process parameters permits production of comb polymers with a largely homogeneous distribution of lateral branches. The advantages of those macromonomers is also present in representatives having a relatively high molecular weight (overall number average MW of 5,000 to 100,000). It was found that macromonomers of formula I can be copolymerized to produce copolymers having a molecular weight (Mn) of approximately 150,000 g/mol in concentrated solution with alkyl (meth) acrylates, e.g. those of formula II.
With a specific dependence on the molecular weight of the macromonomers of formula I, the monomer composition of the comb polymers, and their apparent molecular weight, the invention comb polymers provide excellent thickening products which are typically more effective than PAMA by a factor of 1.5-2 in the shear stability range SSI=10-20.
The following examples serve to further explain the invention. The invention is not limited to the examples, however.
The shear stability index SSI is determined according to ASTM 2603. The viscosity index VIB is determined according to DIN 51564 / ISO 2909.
The apparent molecular weight MW is determined by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) with PMMA calibration (see Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 5th Ed. Vol A 20, 520-533, VCH 1992).
The non-uniformity U is obtained according to the formula
U=(MW /Mn)-1
The solution properties are determined in a capillary viscosimeter according to ASTM-D 445. (In PAO 4 as a solvent between 100� and -20� C.) The quotient ηsolution/ηsolvent=ηrel (=relative viscosity) is given as a measure of thickening effect, if, as has not been noted additionally, KV (100) was set to 12.1+0.1 mm2 /s in PAO 4/KV (100)=3.88 mm2 /s).
Anionic Polymerization To Form a Compound of Formula IV
Under inert conditions, approximately 1,200 ml of toluene are distilled over benzophenone/sodium directly into the reaction vessel. To this is added an initiator by way of gas-tight syringe, e.g., a 12% solution of n-butyl lithium in n-hexane, and absolute tetrahydrofuran as regulator. Then butadiene was dried over dibutylmagnesium and condensed initially at -20� C., then at 0� C. into the reaction vessel. The cooling bath was removed after butadiene condensation was concluded. Following heating to room temperature, the batches react mostly exothermally. Temperatures of up to 80� C. are reached. To complete polymerization, most of the batches are heated for approximately 30 to 60 minutes at 60� C.
OH termination was achieved with ice water cooling to <5� C. and metering in a solution of ethylene oxide in tetrahydrofuran. The reaction is allowed to continue for approximately another 20 hours at room temperature. A sample may be removed prior to addition of the ethylene oxide, in order to determine the molecular weight of the non-functionalized material.
The batches are further processed by being subjected to pressure under argon gas, acidification with concentrated hydrochloric acid, neutralization by washing with water (whereby ether or sodium chloride is added if emulsions form), drying over magnesium sulfate, filtering, concentration in the rotary evaporator, and drying of the residues in the vacuum dryer at room temperature.
The desired microstructure is set in the case of anionic polymerization of butadiene with n-butyl-lithium or sec. butyl-lithium as initiator in toluene as solvent, by metering in defined amounts of tetrahydrofuran as regulator. The required amount of tetrahydrofuran thus corresponds to the desired molecular weight. The desired structure (i.e., n, m and n+m) ratio is achieved with a molar ratio of tetrahydrofuran: initiator of 1: 1 to 3: 1.
Hydrogenation of the Hydroxy-Terminated Polybutadiene IV to Form Compounds of Formula V. The hydrogenation can be executed e.g. in a 2 liter high pressure autoclave with agitator and heater.
Pressure: 50 bar H2
Temperature: 120� C.
Duration: 18 hours
Agitation: 1,200 rpm
Catalyst: Palladium on calcium carbonate carrier (Pd)
First 5-10% (weight) polymer solutions in tetrahydrofuran are placed in the autoclave. Repeated flushing with 10 bar nitrogen follows, then 50 bar hydrogen is added. A drop in pressure (to approximately 20 bar) occurs after a few minutes (approximately 5 minutes). After the pressure becomes constant, heating to 120� C. follows, and this temperature is maintained for 18 hours. For further processing, the (black) batch solutions of dispersed catalyst powder were centrifuged or filtered under pressure; the clear solutions were concentrated in the rotary evaporator, and the residues were dried in vacuum at 80� C.
Acylation of the Hydroxy-Terminated Hydrogenated Polybutadienes of formula V with Methacrylic Acid Chloride to Form Compounds of Formula I.
The Compounds of formula V can be converted in a round-bottom three-neck flask with reflux cooler with attached calcium chloride pipe, magnetic agitator, and internal thermometer. The polymers are provided in absolute dietheylether (10% by weight), and triethylamine is added. Then methacrylic acid chloride is added at room temperature in a molar ratio excess of 10%, whereby the solutions become turbid. The observed heat tonality is between 1� and 3� C. For stabilization hydroquinone monomethylether (50 ppm) is added to the batch, and the reaction is allowed to occur for a total of 18 hours at room temperature. Further processing consists of the filtering off of the precipitated triethylamine hydrochloride, neutralization by washing with water, and precipitation of the macromonomer with methanol or concentration in a rotary evaporator, and the drying of the residue in a vacuum dryer at room temperature. Macromonomers of formula I produced are summarized in Table 1.
TABLE 1______________________________________Characterization of the compounds of formula IName Mn, calculated *MW SEC U** fOH *** fMMA______________________________________I-1 1,000 2,490 0.07 0.98 1.0I-2 5,000 9,100 0.07 0.94 0.95I-3 10,000 29,000 0.04 0.88 0.90I-4 40,000 148,000 0.19 0.95 --______________________________________ *SEC = size exclusion chromatography with PMMA calibration **U = nonuniformity ***f = functionality characterized by HPLC; maximum value = 1
Equipment: For 100 g batches, a 250 ml four-neck swan flask, a KPG sabre agitator, a thermometer, a reflux cooler, a gas entry pipe for nitrogen, an oil bath heater were used. For smaller batches (e.g. 10-20 g), bent-tube vessels consisting of a cylindrical glass container (length 20 cm, diameter 3 cm) with cock and rubber septum for magnetic agitation are used.
______________________________________PolymerizationBatch: Total 100 g, 50% in toluene, of______________________________________macromonomer of formula I = 25 gmonomer of formula II = 25 g2,2'-azo-bis-(isobutyronitrile), 1% in toluene = 15 g______________________________________
The macromonomer of formula I and the comonomer of formula II are provided in 50% solution in toluene. Degasification is achieved by addition of dry ice or 10 minutes of nitrogen introduction. After reaching polymerization temperature (approximately 77� C.), 2/3 of the 1% initiator solution (2,2'-azo-bis-(isobutyronitrile) in toluene) is added. After 4 to 6 hours, the final 1/3 of the initial initiator solution is added. The total polymerization time is 24 hours.
After a sample (approximately 2 g) has been removed for analysis, the batch is precipitated with approximately 1 liter of methanol, and the residue is dried for 24 hours at 80� C. in a vacuum dryer. The solution properties were determined as described above with a capillary viscosimeter according to ASTM-D 445.
Using the general production method above, the following comb polymers were produced:
Copolymer produced from 40% by weight 2-ethylhexylacrylate, 40% by weight butylacrylate, and 20% by weight macromonomer with the formula I-2: MW =294,000 g/mol and U=2.8; VIB=300 (8.2% in PAO 4), residual macromonomer content=3.6%.
Copolymer produced from 50% by weight 2-ethylhexylacrylate, 40% by weight butylacrylate, and 10% by weight macromonomer with the formula I-2: MW =299,000 g/mol and U=3.8; VIB =339 (8.7% in PAO 4).
Copolymer produced from 60% by weight n-C6-C10-alkylmethacrylate (LINCOL� 610), 20% by weight butylmethacrylate, and 20% by weight macromonomer with the formula I-3: MW 247,000 g/mol and U=1.66; VIB=260 (6.7% by weight in PAO 4).
Copolymer produced from 50% by weight n-C6-C10-alkylmethacrylate, 30% by weight butylmethacrylate, and 20% by weight macromonomer I-3: MW =235,000 g/mol and U=1.76; VIB=287 (7.0% by weight in PAO 4).
Copolymer produced from 50% by weight n-C6-C10-alkylmethacrylate, 40% by weight butylmethacrylate, and 10% by weight macromonomer I-3: MW =222,000 g/mol and U=1.45; VIB=318 (8.0% by weight in PAO 4).
Copolymer produced from 40% by weight methylmethacrylate and 60% by weight macromonomer I-1: MW =119,000 g/mol; U =8.
Copolymer produced from 20% by weight methylmethacrylate and 80% by weight macromonomer I-1: MW =171,000 g/mol; U =9.
Copolymer produced from 40% by weight butylacrylate and 60% by weight macromonomer I-2: MW =325,000 g/mol; U=4; VIB=284 (5.9% by weight in PAO 4).
Copolymer produced from 40% by weight methylmethacrylate and 60% by weight macromonomer I-4: MW =269,000 g/mol; U=5,9; VIB=196 (3.5% by weight in PAO 4).
Poly-n-decylmethacrylate MW =266,000 g/mol; U=2.22; VIB=260 (7.0% by weight in PAO 4).
Homopolymer of a C12-C15-alkylmethacrylate (from DOBANOL� 25 L) MW =274,000 g/mol; U=1.59; VIB=227 (7.7% by weight in PAO 4).
Copolymer of 85% by weight C12-C15-alkylmethacrylate (from DOBANOL� 25 L) and 15% by weight methylmethacrylate.
The ηrel and SSI properties of the products are shown in the following table. Relative viscosities of (ηrel) the comb polymers and comparative linear PMMAs, determined in PAO 4 in a temperature range from -20� C. to 100� C. with a kinematic solution viscosity of 12.1 mm2 /s at 100� C.
TABLE 2__________________________________________________________________________Conc. ηrel atExpl. (Wt. %) 100� C. 40� C. 0� C. -10� C. -20� C. SSI (ASTM 2603)__________________________________________________________________________KP-1 8.2 3.09 2.44 1.95 1.85 1.55 21.0KP-2 8.7 3.11 2.19 1.82 1.62 1.57 22.7KP-3 6.7 3.11 2.81 2.35 2.22 2.05 23.2KP-4 7.0 3.05 2.51 2.27 2.16 2.00 19.8KP-5 8.0 3.05 2.27 2.03 1.92 1.82 18.9KP-6 5.0* 1.60 1.59 1.91 1.79 1.73 n.d.KP-7 10.9* 2.18 2.02 2.44 2.33 2.42 n.d.KP-8 5.9 3.10 2.60 2.40 2.35 2.25 21.2KP-9 3.5 3.06 3.56 4.41 4.43 4.56 20.5V-1 7.0 3.10 2.80 2.59 2.62 2.40 32.3 DIN 51382V-2 7.7 3.14 3.24 3.39 3.29 3.15 29.3 DIN 51382V-3 9.5 3.10 2.80 2.70 2.60 2.70 7.0__________________________________________________________________________ *KV (100) < 12.1 mm2 /s
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Breast Augmentation (Saline Implants) Before and After Photos
If you are contemplating saline breast implants, before and after photos found at LocateADoc.com can showcase the transformation possibilities. Whether you want small, perky breasts or full, larger breasts, our photos can help you review the various options to find the right choice for you. It's even possible to filter the content to find photos of patients of similar age, height, and weight. Making an informed decision about the procedure and the doctor you want is important for any cosmetic surgery. Saline implant surgery is no different.
Saline implants are inserted into the breast cavity through a small incision. They are inserted empty and doctors fill them once they are in place. In contrast, silicone implants are pre-filled with silicone gel and then inserted. Both procedures are relatively safe, but as with all surgeries, risks are involved.
For instance, saline implants may cause breast pain, infection, and temporary changes in nipple sensation. They may also leak or rupture. If an implant ruptures, it will deflate. However, your body will absorb the saline without posing any significant health risks. It's important to note that while these side effects are possible, they are rare. Once you select a qualified breast implant surgeon from Locateadoc.com, it's important to discuss safety, logistics of the procedure and more. Any of our doctors should be able to answer any question you have. It's up to you, however, to find the right doctor to contact.
By browsing the saline implant before and after photos at LocateADoc.com, you ultimately become more informed about the look you want. And that, in part, is our mission. We want to help you make solid, informed decisions about your cosmetic enhancement surgery.
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Contact a Doctor
Use the form below to request more information from a doctor in your area.
Procedure Snapshot
- Avg. Cost: $3675
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- Length: 1-2 hours
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- Results: See Before and After Gallery
- Back to Work: 1-2 weeks


text:
The Good Life Neighborhood
Health and Well-Being Every Day
Clear the Clutter Out of Your Life
Simi Nwogugu of Brooklyn, New York, felt that her life was filled with clutter. Her drawers were filled with old notes and books from business school and years of paid bills. Toys that her sons had outgrown still littered the house. In fact, she felt so mentally cluttered that she couldn't do the one thing she wanted: write.
To get out from under the clutter, the founder of HOD Consulting rented an expensive New York City office. Problem was, the clutter followed her. Finally, she stopped trying to escape clutter and began to organize it.
Recommended Related to Mind, Body, Spirit
9 Things You Didn't Know About Dreams
By Sarah JioDiscover what your nighttime visions mean, how you can control them and more Everyone dreams—every single night—and yet we tend to know so little about our dreams. Where do they come from? What do they mean? Can we control them and should we try to interpret them? We spoke to the dream experts to bring you nine surprising facts about dreams. Read before snoozing. 1. Dreaming can help you learn. If you're studying for a test or trying to learn a new task, you might consider...
Read the 9 Things You Didn't Know About Dreams article > >
"I know where everything is and it is so much more pleasing to work from home. Most of all, I am writing again," she says. Even her aching back and shoulders feel better.
When you can't find things, you can feel frustrated, angry, and unproductive, says Kelli Ellis, an Orange County, Calif., design psychologist who's appeared on TLC's Clean Sweep television show. "You see that person who has papers flying out of files, or you see their handbag, and you say, 'I know exactly what your car looks like or what your home office looks like.'" Clutter spills over into every aspect of life.
Clutter, both mental and physical, can do a number on our productivity and eat away at our time. Think of all the minutes we waste looking for items that aren't where they should be. Plus the sheer stress of a cluttered life means we may miss deadlines, work longer hours, and lose important stuff. Clutter equals stress. Where to start simplifying?
The Mind Is a Terrible Thing to Clutter
Between a zillion to-dos, work and family life, errant worries, and obligations, it's no wonder you have a cluttered mind. Start by learning to let go.
"To be truly happy, sometimes you must eliminate unhealthy people and situations from your life," says Alex Lluch, author of Secrets to Love Life and Be Happy. For instance, if you feel stuck in a dead-end job, resolve to make a change.
Or if there's someone in your life who constantly brings you down with a negative attitude, find a way to disentangle yourself. "It may take some courage to eliminate this stuff from your life, but you will feel much more fulfilled once you are able to concentrate on the people and things that do make you happy."
Lluch advocates clean sweeping your thoughts with a hot bath, a meditation practice, a long walk, a phone call to a friend -- whatever works for you. Spend at least 15 minutes a day in a pursuit that allows you to decompress, clear your mind, and rid your thoughts of the mental chitchat that clouds your creativity, passion, and productivity.


text:
IMPORTANT! The newest file is the new Update 0.3.1b which is a improved version of the "Rift" level on Chandrilla retexture. (It renders the older version obsolete, so please delete pack 0.3.1.) This is an addition to Full Version 0.3, so if you didn't already, download both packs together.
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Is there a possibility to show a small infotext beside a wait-cursor. This would be a nice feature, to give some activity information to the user, during he/she is waiting.
Take the 2-minute tour ×
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I recommend to use custom cursor. C# Tutorial - How To Use Custom Cursors
Yes. You must use a label next to the mouse position. just try following codes :


text:
Mid-term election: Senate seats up for grabs in 2014
The political season never ends and the 2014 mid-term elections are next. There are 20 Democrats with seats for the taking and only 13 Republicans up for re-election. Only 5 Republicans and 7 Democrats have so far announced intentions to run again. States to watch in 2014 North Carolina went Republican for the 2012 Presidential… Read More »


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text:
District of Kansas Other Statutes Cases
Cases filed
Cases 1 - 6 of 6
Allen v. Walden University
as 6:2014cv01097
Defendant: Walden University, George Larkin, John Gilbert
Plaintiff: Mike Allen
Cause Of Action: Federal Question: Other Civil Rights
Lemon v. Labette Community College et al
as 6:2013cv01437
Defendant: Coffeyville Community College , Delyna Bohnenblust , Labette Community College and others
Plaintiff: Rebecca A. Lemon
Cause Of Action: Civil Rights Act
Swisher et al v. McPherson Unified School District 418 et al
as 2:2013cv02529
Defendant: Rebecca E. Greer , Vincent R. Dale, McPherson Unified School District 418 and others
Plaintiff: Cheryl Swisher , Galen Swisher , Morgan N. Swisher
Cause Of Action: Education: Sex Discrimination
Lee v. Kansas State University et al
as 2:2012cv02638
Plaintiff: Grace Lee
Defendant: Kansas State University , Haiyan Wang , Heather M. Reed and others
Cause Of Action: Civil Rights Act
Clark v. Blue Valley Unified School District No. 229 et al
as 2:2012cv02538
Defendant: Brett Potts, Scott Bacon, Blue Valley Unified School District No. 229 and others
Plaintiff: Daniel Clark
Cause Of Action: Education: Sex Discrimination
Sandidge v. Turner Unified School District, et al.
as 2:2012cv02346
Plaintiff: Amanda Sandidge
Defendant: Turner Unified School District #202 , Paul Colwell , Nancy Barteck and others
Cause Of Action: Petition for Removal


text:
Stolen Magic
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This series rocks i can sooooooo
connect with Kat bad unladylike behavior!!LOL
~kat girl
I love this series! It's so much fun! It's so sad to say goodbye!
This is the third book in the Kat, Incorigible series and it was just as fun as the first two in this Jane Austin-like series.
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Killed my bermuda, what now?
I've been fighting a losing battle with poa annua for years (with very no help from several neighbors), and it finally won. On some bad advice from an 'expert', I used round-up to kill the poa on what I thought was a dormant bermuda lawn in early February in the Dallas area. I guess maybe due to the 'la nina' year (or maybe global warming :-) ), the bermuda was apparently not dormant.
Bottom line: My lawn now looks like a zebra. I have lots of large dead areas. What can be done? Overseed?
My experience has been that generally our Bermuda does not really go dormant. It looks like it is..but it really is not. You may want to wait a bit to see if any more of the Bermuda comes back. And whatever does not you will probably need to dig up and resod if that is economically feasible.
I'm no "expert" but I have been controlling poa annua using pre-emergent (Lesco at Home Depot) Sept 15th and March 15 with a spraying of Image in late February and then again a few weeks later. Haven't gotten rid of all of it but don't have much of it at all anymore.
Good luck and let us know what happens.
Try that next time. If you have bermuda that is still alive, fertilize every month and you'd have a nice lawn in no time.
Thanks lou and oktobersky for the advice on Image. The irony is, I've been avoiding that product since 1999 when I killed the lawn on my previous house with it trying to control poa :). That lawn was about 70% poa when I moved in. Recently, I've had several people suggest using it, though. Maybe the product or the application instructions have changed since then. I do know now there are now several varieties of Image. Back in '99, I think there was only one.
texasredhead, you think maybe Round-up might work on cockroaches, also? :-) (it does kill bermuda)
I was told by a master gardener to use the Image mid Feb and then again a few weeks later according label and it has worked fine and not hurt my lawn at all. It may make it green up a little later though and you do not want to spray it when your Bermuda is already green.
LOL on the Roundup and roaches!


text: My name is Heidi and my husband and I live in the Bay Area, CA. I am a Chiropractor and have a family practice. My hubby is a head golf professional. We have a big black affectionate lab and are expecting our first child soon. We love to hang out with our friends, go for walks with our dog, golf, go to concerts, good food, travel, and explore. Monterey/Carmel is one of our favorite close-by getaways.