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RED BADGE OF COURAGE Chapter One 1. What army was seen upon a riverbank at the novel's opening? 2. What was the general reaction to Jim Conklin's rumor? A) despair B) arguing C) complaining D) fright 3. When Mrs. Fleming said, "'Henry, don't you be a fool,'" she was attempting to persuade Henry not to A) follow in his father's footsteps. B) join the army. C) dream so much about heroic deeds. D) be a coward in conflict. 4. On his way to Washington, which food was not served? A) bread and cold meats B) coffee C) pickles and cheese D) chocolate cake and ice cream. 5. What was Henry's reaction to veterans? A) He believed them. B) He suspected them. C) He confided in them. D) He reported them. 6. Jim's response to Henry's question about running in the face of battle indicated that Conklin could A) stretch the imagination. B) pontificate with pride. C) calculate the future. D) speculate upon options. 7. To conclude that all "untried men possessed great and correct confidence" was A) an assertion made by loud Wilson. B) a belief held by tall Jim Conklin. C) a tenant espoused in the Civil War training manuel. D) an assumption on Henry's part. 8. Cite and explain the animal metaphor in chapter one. 9. What was one of Henry's "new laws of life." A) to look out, as far as he could, for his personal comfort B) to win the mental, mathematical argument for holding steadfast C) to show his mother he was a man D) to show the sun-tanned, philosophical lot that Yanks were not scum bags 10. Henry's mother relied on whom to take care of similar women in her plight? A) men who hadn't joined the army B) the Lord C) city folk D) tithings from soldier paychecks 11. What "reality of war" was Henry learning from his army experiences? A) Hurry up and wait. B) Winning the internal war of courage over "fear and shame" were requisites to facing battle in a real war. C) Uniforms were cool to wear, especially in a procession. D) Idealistic patriotism would be met with contempt. E) He was not alone in his self- wonderment about running. Chapter Two 12. Upon discovering the falsehood of the moving-out scuttlebutt, why was Henry not relieved? A) Delays meant a postponement in the test to his courage. B) Waiting shredded the spirit. C) He would have to bond with his comrades. D) He would have to listen to Wilson. 13. What were the "red eyes" from across the river? A) Confederate camp fires across the Rappahannock. B) veteran red coats from the American Revolution. C) morning torches across the Hannarappa River. D) angry Confederate soldiers taking early-morning aim with blood-shot eyes. 14. Which animals were mentioned twice? A) dragons and monsters B) monsters and cranes C) dragons and serpents D) serpents and monsters 15. T/F: The colonel shared a cigar with the messenger horseman. 16. Henry's despondency was connected to what? A) listening to rumors B) drilling C) the ambivalence caused by his internal conflict D) moving away from the river 17. T/F: Catcalls were shouted and whistles were blown toward the farm- house young woman because of her pretty legs. 18. Which character used "lick," "thump," and "skeddadle" as part of his lexicon? 19. Which was not a part of Henry's nostalgia? A) memory of laboring with farm animals B) the barn C) the house D) memory of his temper E) fondness toward parents 20. Henry proved to be what? A) a wizard with weapons B) a mental outcast C) incapable of demonizing his plight D) quite the poker player 21. The internal bidding at the chapter's end alluded to what? A) the time soldiers would be awoken B) the rhetorical bet cast out by the loud one C) the number killed in the first skirmish D) the number of days necessary for innermost warfare to subside Chapter Three 22. Why were there "perspiration and grumblings"? 23. Why were veteran regiments "small aggregations of men"? 24. Which term or phrase did not synonymously pair up with the other two? A) mob B) moving box C) merciless government 25. What was "the Question"? 26. T/F: When feeling corraled and hearded, Henry twisted the fact of his enlistment and began to blame the government for his imagined slaughter. 27. Who first mentioned "that there was denoted a lack of purpose on the part of the generals"? 28. Why was the youth anxious to enter battle? 29. As Henry scrambled up a bank expecting to see a battle scene, which feeling did he possess? A) cowardice B) curiosity C) courage D) contempt 30. From examining the level of "ardor" in chapter one with the level of "ardor" in chapter three, which one moved like a thermometer from hot to cold? Explain. 31. Which event occurred first? A) the exchange of letters from the loud soldier to Henry B) the dialogue about useless walking 32. T/F: The chapter ended with Wilson apologizing for having kicked Henry awake earlier in the morning. 33. Similar to what occurred in Chapter Three, where battle was viewed from a hilltop, give a contemporary example where battle was viewed from afar. Chapter Four 34. Why did the Union troops in the field of battle begin running toward the reserves? 35. What caused a shower of pine needles? 36. A thousand wee and invisible axes were compared to what? 37. T/F: Henry became known to the captain of the company because the youth bandaged the lieutenant's wounded hand. 38. Which word best characterized the impact of the officers' words and actions upon the target soldiers? A) precise B) effective C) ineffective D) imprecise 39. By the chapter's end, Henry was determined to get a view of what? 40. The haze through which the reserves saw a friendly regiment engaging the enemy represented what? 41. The blue line saw in its approaching comrades the look of A) fortitude B) wild terror C) intense commitment D) benign stubbornness Chapter Five 42. Who were the "brown swarm of running men"? A) attacking Rebels B) members of the circus C) dusty deserters D) back-up troops 43. Wondering if he (Henry) had loaded his weapon was an example of A) agoraphobia B) claustrophobia C) anxiety D) paranoia 44. Concluding that Henry shot before the captain yelled "fire" would be A) a mistake B) an inference C) a proven fact D) an in-depth analysis. 45. In the following passage, which set of words are an example of alliteration? "There was a consciousness always of the presence of his comrades about him. He felt the subtle battle brotherhood more potent even than the cause for which they were fighting. It was a mysterious fraternity born of the smoke and danger of death." 46. T/F: The sounds of fire forced the youth to contemplate amputating himself from his regiment. 47. What contemporary weapon would have subdued Henry's rage? 48. Which one died? A) the lieutenant B) the soldier who couldn't reload his piece C) the captain D) the color guard 49. Which part of nature offers the best opportunity for comparing the flow of the battle? A) stars B) mountain tops C) shore line D) canyons 50. A "dirty smile" bore what? 51. Fallen bodies from the sky was an image used to reinforce what effect? 52. Noting the color of red in the victory flags of Union troops was followed by what? A) a positive connotation B) a negative connotation 53. The chapter ended with what observation about nature? A) Nature was angry with man. B) Nature was impervious to man's fiendishness. C) Nature was personified as a caring mother. D) Nature was depicted as a stern father. 54. Why didn't Henry kill any Confederate soldiers in Chapter Five? 55. The battle scene in Chapter Five depicted man as what? A) a mob without a purpose B) a sputtering motor about to stall C) a mechanical machine with each part working D) a mountain of heroes Chapter Six 56. Why did the luster fade from the eyes of the men in the 304th? 57. Endurance, skill, and valor were exaggeratingly attributed to whom? 58. Henry's retreatful running was compared to all but A) a rabbit B) a chicken C) a blind man D) a wounded dog E) an insane sprinter 59. What objects did the youth leave behind? 60. What were Henry's two opinions of the brigade that "was hurrying briskly to be gulped into the infernal mouths of the war god"? 61. T/F: Henry's prediction of impending doom for the back-up brigade turned out to be false. 62. Why was the general in a carnival of joy? 63. The action of the chapter followed what pattern for the soldiers who stayed and fought? A) reprieve, engagement, rejoice B) relief, remorse, rejection C) joy, amazement, defeat D) victory, failure, victory 64. T/F: The Rebels were defeated by a red and green monster. Chapter Seven 65. Justifying fleeing because of impending annihilation was an example of what? A) rationalization B) realization C) recognition D) remonstration 66. By seeing himself under "iron injustice," Henry saw himself as a what? A) victor B) smart soldier C) victim D) champion 67. T/F: The youth felt his punishment fit the crime. 68. "He conceived Nature to be a ________ with a deep aversion to tragedy." woman 69. What literary technique did Crane employ by attributing feelings to nature? A) Alliteration B) Personification C) Magnification D) Detachment E) Irony 70. The actions of what creature were used to elevate and align the youth's actions with the laws of nature? 71. What comment about life can be made from the actions of the ants? 72. "After a time he paused, and, breathless and panting, listened. He imagined some strange voice would come from the dead throat and squawk after him in horrible menaces." Were the voice to have materialized and spoken uninterruptingly without reply, it would have been what? A) monologue B) dialogue C) catalog to courage D) boulevard back to battle 73. Whether in battle or in the forest chapel, what was there to greet Henry? Chapter Eight 74. What effect did the panther-like clashing of the two armies have upon Henry? 75. Battle was compared to what? A) colored apparel B) a wave upon a rock C) two bolts from Zeus clanging one another D) a grinding machine 76. "He must go close and see it produce ________." 77. "In this place the youth felt that he was an ______. This forgotten part of the battleground was owned by the dead men, and he hurried, in the vague apprehension that one of the swollen forms would rise and tell him to ________." 78. The forgotten spot where Henry encountered ____ corpses was not a place where he would longingly look into their eyes as he did with the other dead ____ soldier. A) three, Confederate B) four, Rebels C) five, Union D) six, New York 79. "One [of the wounded] was swearing that he had been shot in the arm through the commanding general's ________ of the army." 80. The torn bodies of the injured that the youth joined were part of what? A) an extension of war B) an extended metaphor C) the juxtaposition of opposites D) the clarity of a simile 81. T/F: Henry was quick to exchange stories of battle with the tattered man. 82. For Henry to double his speed away from the one with two wounds was an example of what? A) a defense mechanism B) passive avoidance C) active engagement D) a subtle invitation 83. Fidgeting with his button was an indicator of what? A) external shame B) internal anxiety C) external uneasiness D) internal peace Chapter Nine 84. At the beginning of the chapter, which emotion did Henry feel? A) guilt B) pride C) waxy D) terrific 85. "At times he regarded the wounded soldiers in an envious way. He conceived persons with torn bodies to be peculiarly happy. He wished that he, too, had a wound, a ________ of courage." 86. What caused other wounded soldiers to shift their attention away from the youth? 87. As indicated from Jim Conklin's "shaking whisper," of what was he afraid? 88. Whose "eyes rolled in the wilderness of his terror"? 89. Which word was not used to describe Jim's condition? A) paste B) stone C) dull D) dazed 90. Explain "He was at the rendezvous." 91. Internet question: The movie Alien had a scene depicting similar contortions to those of Jim's, where it appeared "an animal was within and was kicking and tumbling furiously to be free." Could the movie be shown on a high school campus without parental and district consent? Explain. 92. What creature(s) killed Jim Conklin? A) wolves B) alligators C) man D) Southern Rebels E) the green monster F) the beast of mismanagement 93. The imagery at the chapter's end depicted what? A) man's indifference B) nature's indifference C) the sun's intolerance D) that nature, too, could paste a mirror image of man's unsweetened plight 94. Explain the meaning of new red blood. Jim's wound wouldn't coagulate and heal on its own. 95. T/F: After seeing Jim's grey-lipped smile on his dead face, Henry turned toward the battlefield with rage. Chapter Ten 96. What did the tattered man mean by referring to Jim as a "reg'lar jim- dandy"? 97. Who said, "'...we might as well begin t' look out fer ol' number one'"? 98. Which occurred? A) Pea soup was consumed. B) The youth buried Jim's body without help. C) The tattered man gained insight into the direction from which Henry had come. D) Henry's internal wounds were tended. 99. Why were "the simple questions of the tattered man" like "knife thrusts" to Henry? 100. Explain the irony of the arrows? 101. Why couldn't Henry smile in chapters nine and ten? Chapter Eleven 102. Which men did Henry envy most? A) the men with the mass of wagons B) the forward-going column of infantry C) slain soldiers D) angry, animal-like men 103. Why were rifles "extraordinarily profuse"? Explain. 104. What killed Henry's courage to fight again? 105. "A certain ____ quality within him kept him in the vicinity of the battle." 106. When did Henry imagine lying to his companions? A) before the worm and moth B) in between the worm and moth C) after the worm and moth D) when the worm became the moth 107. T/F: The youth contemplated the personal advantages of a Union loss. 108. T/F: The youth could not find a good excuse to give his regiment. 109. That Henry imagined himself as the brunt of derogatory gossip made him worry about becoming a what? 110. How would a moral vindication help Henry wear the sore badge of dishonor? 111. Why would a Union victory doom the youth's life to isolation? Chapter Twelve 112. Some of the infantry men stampeded in retreat like ____ ____. 113. Finally, Henry's head wound came from what? 114. Why was Henry afraid to move rapidly? 115. To escape head pain, Henry reminisced about all but what? A) his mother's cooking B) swimming in a shaded pool C) Conklin's painful death 116. Who was the drunken man? 117. T/F: The red animal of war had its fill with the cheery man's blood. 118. Who joined the fray? 119. Henry was guided in the dark of night back to his what? 120. T/F: The cheery man's magic wand was actually a compass. Chapter Thirteen 121. Paragraph one revealed Henry's what to be down? A) defensive guard B) night vision C) memory of purpose D) rifle 122. T/F: The black and monstrous figure was a wandering Rebel behind enemy lines. 123. T/F: Henry lied to the loud Wilson. 124. The corporal's words indicated what? A) that Wilson's letters weren't lost after all B) that more wayward men, or deserters, were returning to the regiment C) that the witche's prophecy was all wrong D) that their maps were good enough 125. T/F: The corporal and the nurse knew that the youth really hadn't been grazed by a bullet. 126. Wilson put what on Henry's head? 127. Similar to what he had done in Chapter ____, Henry began fumbling with his coat buttons whenever he was nervous about the truth piercing his lie. 128. Which term best characterized Wilson's behavior toward Henry? A) caring B) callous C) concerned D) cautious 129. Why was Henry not put into an ambulance wagon and taken to the hospital? 130. T/F: The men circling the fire symbolized buzzards 'bout to pick away at Henry's cover up. Chapter Fourteen 131. Upon waking, the youth felt he was in the house of the A) somber B) sullen C) tortured D) dead 132. Henry saw the sleeping soldiers as what? A) ready to rise and squawk at the officers B) ready to rebend the sun's rays C) ready to silence the drummer and bugel boy D) a prophecy of their future positions and conditions 133. Wilson's reaction to Henry's protest was what? A) persistent calmness B) perturbed friendliness C) gregarious silence D) silent fortitude 134. Henry noted all of the following changes in Wilson except which? A) better at cooking meat on a stick B) not so pompous about his physical prowess C) less irritated by trivialities D) more inner strength to help others 135. What was "tinsel courage"? 136. Which soldier had "climbed a peak of wisdom"? 137. Which soldier felt the Union troops handled the Rebels pretty rough yesterday? 138. T/F: Wilson motioned toward the Pacific to get arguing soldiers to move away westward and not disturb the peace before the war. 139. Why did Wilson think the Rebels had killed half his regiment? 140. What lies did the youth let live in Wilson's head? Chapter Fifteen 141. How did the youth use Wilson's letters? A) for insight B) for reflection C) as leverage D) as an anecdote 142. Which was not true about Henry's imagination of himself? A) He felt confident his mistakes in the dark would not be exposed to judges. B) He felt his flight of foot was dignified and different from other deserters. C) He felt feverish about viewing war from afar. D) He felt he could face the dragons of war. 143. T/F: Henry returned Wilson's letters without hammering home comments about Wilson's prior weakness or fears or incorrect intuitions. 144. Why did Henry feel pity toward Wilson's shame? 145. Which character exemplified the power of the mind to be dishonest with oneself? A) the molested B) Henry C) Wilson D) females falling for war stories Chapter Sixteen 146. Which phrases were synonymous? A) deep sleep and fog-filled air B) dull popping and curtains of trees C) terrific fracas and stupendous wrangle D) firing in the fog and thudding sound 147. Internet question: Based on "'All quiet on the Rappahannock,'" in which state was Henry entrenched? 148. What flew like birds? A) bullets B) rumors C) bayonets D) canon balls 149. Who "were yelling shrill and exultant"? 150. The sarcastic man pierced the youth after Henry complained of what? A) marching B) hell-roosters C) inaccurate rifles D) lunkhead generals E) fallacious maps 151. What effect did the sarcastic man's comment have upon Henry? 152. With regard to seemingly mindless marching and ill-clad plans of victorious attacks, Henry lodged complaints viewing the troops as all but what? A) dogs in a cage B) kitten in a bag C) chased rats D) tangled up in briers 153. T/F: At the forthcoming muzzle flashes, the youth proclaimed to the distant enemy, "Bring on the music, you jackasses." Chapter Seventeen 154. The opening paragraphs revealed Henry to be all but what? A) in agreement with Wilson's view B) angry about the foe's fighting resolve C) angry about not being able to rest and contemplate D) in the middle of being hunted like an animal 155. Were it available, which weapon would the youth have preferred to bring about "abominable cruelties" with "an engine of annihilating power"? A) Glock B) knife C) bow and arrow D) hatchet E) uzzi F) shotgun 156. Similar to Henry's view of the fighting troops, what contemporary animals have been tossed into a pit for a death struggle? 157. T/F: Strong feelings still remained after the youth imagined his rifle to be an impotent stick. 158. Which side behaved like a wounded snake? 159. T/F: Henry ceased firing because he was thirsty. 160. What connotation did "war devil" have? 161. Which term was not attributed to Fleming? A) pagan B) barbarian C) insect D) knight E) beast F) hero G) cats H) dog 162. T/F: Some soldiers wore the black smudge of a Catholic on their foreheads so as not to be pagans against faith on Ash Wednesday. 163. Why did the lieutenant exclaim, "'Hot work! Hot work!'"? 164. Which thought would NOW take opposition to? Chapter Eighteen 165. Who was inches away from joining Jim Conklin? 166. Why did Henry join Wilson's water run? 167. T/F: Not finding the stream, Henry took the opportunity to chide Wilson for his lame-brain idea. 168. From the way Wilson and Henry saw it, which object might produce the same effect as did the bright steel bayonets? A) stakes B) mirror C) uniform D) boots E) saddle 169. What were slinking through the woods? A) wounded men and other stragglers B) lieutenants trying to catch deserters C) generals trying to catch lieutenants D) Rebels from the rear 170. Why did the two foot soldiers exchange "glances of astonishment"? 171. T/F: Wilson and Henry, without contemplating desertion, "hurried back to the line." 172. After being yelled at by their lieutenant, Henry and Wilson told him that their regiment will what? A) sweep right B) sweep left C) forge forward into the guts of the enemy D) charge 173. The man with "a final objection" asked what kind of question? A) a reasonable one B) an unreasonable one C) a cowardly question D) a courageous question 174. T/F: As usual, while "many tightened their belts carefully and hitched at their trousers," the youth began fidgeting with his button. 175. Henry and Wilson displayed what character trait as they were poised to attack? A) fright B) courage C) obstinance D) elasticity 176. T/F: The shaggy man reaffirmed a part of the commander's opinion about the attack. Chapter Nineteen 177. How did Henry's regiment begin their advance? 178. How was Henry's face described during the initial stages of his advancing endeavor? A) drawn hard and tight B) glazed and uncertain C) relaxed and confident 179. What shape did the regiment form during part of the advance? A) circle B) oval C) triangle D) square E) pyramid 180. T/F: Henry was able to avoid being struck by one of the yellow flames. 181. What happened to the size of Henry's regiment? 182. What initiative did the lieutenant display? 183. How did Henry respond to being grabbed by the lieutenant? 184. After successfully dodging bullets like a football player, what did Henry [and Wilson] grab with stalwart pride? 185. T/F: The female goddess prevented the color sergeant's head from thumping harshly on the battle ground. Chapter Twenty 186. To which side did the "dejected remnant" belong? 187. Regarding carrying the flag, which soldier was at greater risk? 188. Why did the youthful lieutenant "swear with incredible power"? 189. State two synonymous phrases used to describe the Union retreat. 190. T/F: Henry hated the man who called his troops "mule drivers" more than he hated the enemy. 191. What were "a hundred flames"? 192. Why did the soldiers run "hither and thither" instead of in a straight line to safety? 193. That Henry saw seemingly "new" enemy uniforms meant what? 194. Which line first indicated a Union victory in this particular skirmish? 195. To what did "impossible proportions" refer? 196. T/F: "A hoarse cheer of elation broke from their dry lips" because "they were men." Chapter Twenty-one 197. Why were the men nervous while they returned to the blue lines? 198. How was reference to "mother" used? 199. When Henry reflected upon the old position, what did he conclude? 200. What were Henry's views toward his war performance? 201. Why couldn't Henry revel in self-satisfaction for very long? 202. T/F: The lieutenant stood up for his men and the way they fought. 203. That Henry had a "tranquill philosophy" during "these moments of irritation" indicated what? 204. T/F: The colonel and the youthful lieutenant exchanged words of praise for both Fleming and Wilson for bravely being at the front of the charge. 205. Who "exchanged a secret glance of joy and congratulation" toward the other? 206. Explain: "The past held no pictures of error and disappointment." Chapter Twenty-two 207. How did Henry feel when another attack began? A) exhausted B) weary C) serene self-confidence D) Invincible 208. T/F: The opposing infantry, especially while toiling personally in the "pitiless monotony of conflicts," were incognizant of the national reasons for the Civil War. 209. The "lighter-hued regiments" were who? 210. What was "rolling thunder" and why did it irritate friendly troops? 211. Which occurred during the "riotous surges"? A) monotonous slithering B) maniacal yelling C) cautious dashing D) reserved lunges for covering 212. T/F: The positioning of the "color of cloth" didn't always indicate who was winning. 213. "When assaulted again by bullets," the blue troops did what? A) advanced with determination B) retreated with wisdom C) cowered like turtles D) tossed their bayonets as a last resort 214. T/F: As a spectator to the battle, Henry's vibrating flag symbolized the jitters he felt within. 215. The "flock of bullets" was mentioned within the context of portraying Union soldiers as what? A) sheep who would only fire upon command B) geese who had the overview above the smoke C) wild wolves following the alpha dog D) self-determined striking soldiers 216. Memory of being called "mud diggers" had what effect upon the infantry men? 217. "Arrows of scorn" had what effect upon Henry? 218. T/F: Extravagant bleeding sometimes led to twisted bodies. 219. Wilson's "powder-smeared" face was not enough to hide what? A) his valor B) his anger C) his tranquility D) his wound Chapter Twenty-three 220. In paragraph two, "the shouts" referred to what? A) Wilson's protest B) the soldiers' grumblings against new orders C) the officers' disenchantment with the colonel's order to attack D) the officers' orders to charge 221. T/F: The soldiers' scampering clearly indicated a lack of courage. 222. How did Henry lead the electrifying assault? A) with reserved energy for the confrontation B) with tamed enthusiasm C) with wild and daring fervor D) with reluctant desires to crash against "the gates of the impossible." 223. The individuals who "wheeled" were doing what? A) turning to fire as they retreated B) attacking in groups of four C) driving their comrades to stake a stand against the blue line D) running in circles 224. How did the charging cheers change? A) They became impersonal. B) They became less intense. C) They became more forceful. D) They became more intimate. 225. T/F: Henry sprang like a panther and captured the enemy flag. 226. Tossing caps and hats into the air indicated what? 227. Which prisoner summoned the wrath of the gods upon his captors? A) victim one B) victim two C) victim three D) victim four 228. T/F: The prisoner who displayed the most inquisitiveness was also glad to hear human voices. 229. Which containee had regret for his loss of freedom and "the right to antagonize"? A) prisoner one B) prisoner two C) prisoner three D) prisoner four 230. Settling down on the side of the fence they chose signified what? 231. What was the significance of "long grass"? Chapter Twenty-four 232. What did the purple and gold colors connote? 233. How did Henry contend with the haunting ghosts from his past? 234. If it were true that Henry changed his soul by changing himself, what change allowed Henry to move from turmoil to tranquility?
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text:
More information on Patients & Families
More information on Education
More information on Research
More information on Community
Telomeres are sections of DNA that tell an interesting story about lifespan. Shorter telomeres usually suggest a shorter life -- but new research by a Wilmot lung cancer expert shows that longer telomeres might be a promising biomarker for a recurrence of early stage lung cancer.
Already strained and overcrowded, emergency departments are gearing up for a dramatic rise in the older-adult population. A makeover is needed, positioning emergency units as the "front porch" of the hospital instead of the "front door," writes Manish Shah, M.D., M.P.H., co-author of a paper in Health Affairs.
The University of Rochester Medical Center is a new member of the Reproductive Medicine Network, a nationwide network of centers conducting research to improve the care of women and men with infertility and other reproductive disorders.
Last week, several members of URMC's Heart Research Follow-up team presented new research at the American Heart Association's Annual Scientific Sessions in Dallas. Among the findings – medications for ADHD and depression are dangerous in patients with Long QT syndrome, a disorder that makes the heart particularly susceptible to arrhythmias.
Individuals with impaired liver function are unable to remove ammonia – a by-product of normal cellular activity – from their bodies fast enough. This result is a host of neurological problems, including seizures, for which doctors have no effective treatment. A new study shows that an existing blood pressure drug may be able to prevent the molecular chain reaction in the brain triggered by ammonia.
On November 15th, Cardiology Professor Arthur J. Moss, M.D. received a Doctor Honoris Causa (honorary Ph.D. doctoral degree) from Semmelweis University in Budapest, Hungary for his many discoveries in the treatment and prevention of heart disease.


text:
The Catalyst presents: Live in the Atrium
40oz To Freedom - Sublime Tribute
Wed, January 30, 2013
Doors: 8:30 pm / Show: 9:00 pm
The Catalyst
Santa Cruz, CA
Tickets Available at the Door
This event is 21 and over
Live in the Atriumhttp://www.catalystclub.com/event/187993/
40oz To Freedom - Sublime Tribute
40 oz to Freedom formed in March of 2007 and has been turning heads from day one. They have a uniquely similar sound to Sublime as well as an amazingly energetic show that is sure to leave you wanting more. All in all, this is the band to see for any true Sublime fan. ROCK ON!!!!
Venue Information:
The Catalyst
1011 Pacific Avenue
Santa Cruz, CA, 95060
The Catalyst
1011 Pacific Avenue
Santa Cruz, CA, 95060


text:
We have created this Guestbook to allow our website visitors to ask questions and express their opinions. These comments are a valuable source of information about platelet disorders. We may respond to some of the inquiries when it is appropriate, but we will not respond to most questions or comments. The Guestbook cannot be a source for medical advice; patients must get their medical advice from their doctor.
Sign The Guestbook
Recent Entries
|Post 91 - By: Nora G - Post Date: 11/20/2010
|My daughter was dx w/ITP at age 15, not on any meds or sick at time. Platlet count 7000. Had 2 tx of IVIG with icrease to 125,000. Immediately dropped again and took 1 yr to reach 100,000 wo formal tx. She took 10,000mg of vitamin C everyday.I begged dr. to give Prednisone but wanted to see if she could recover on her own.Has been 100 or above for 2 yrs. When her count goes down she has headache,light headedness, epigastric pain. We see Dr. Sujit Sheth at Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital in Manhattan NY, Columbia Presbyterian, thank God we found him. Thought she may have Lupus,all tests negative for 5 yrs,and no symptoms of Lupus except ITP. Thanks for all you do.
|Post 92 - By: Elijah Smiley - Post Date: 11/20/2010
|Very Good Information for parents. My 8 year daughter diagnosed w/ itp. IVIG, Anti D, Rituximab, Spleennectomy have not been effective. Considering doing nothing except what is necessary to address bleeding. Been given option of Romipiostim, Mercaptopurine, Dapson, or Mycophenolate. Trying to learn as much as possible about these drugs.
|Post 93 - By: Rita Martin - Post Date: 11/20/2010
|As someone who has had ITP since 1998, I am interested in constantly learning about ITP. I am now on Promacta.
|Post 94 - By: tara motowski - Post Date: 11/8/2010
|Please help...i am afrais my friend, Chris, is running out of time! He is a 38yr old male and father of 3 great kids. 14 months post bone marrow transplant following leukemia diagnoses in My 2009. Currently in ICU at Karmanos in Detroit. Diagnosed with TTP. Kidneys have failed and now bleeding in his lungs. Attempted bronch but ended up on vent for 3 days.Continuous pheresis and dialysis...please respond if you can help the doctors at Karmanos who say they have neve seen a case this severe before. The family and doctors are open to any suggestions. Still coughing up blood but attempting another bronch is too risky. Thank you and God Bless you on your reseach!!
|Post 95 - By: Barbara manson - Post Date: 10/31/2010
|My husband has ttp and is in ICU because he dosent breathe properly. He was lucid after 4 dayz of plasma pheresis then stopped breathing. Why?? And any extra treatment needed? He is gettin plasma exchange and doctors will meep hi
In ICU till tbey can wean him.
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We found 3 sites within 46 miles of Tandragee with 1 bookable
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Designed to be an excellent addition to your laboratory, the Sper Scientific Meter Pen Style Salinity 850036 is a great way to gauge acidity and alkalinity with reliability and consistency. These pH Meters from Sper Scientific were built using top quality components to provide you with a pH meter which will be efficient for an insanely long time without needing to be replaced. Thanks to outcomes that are more accurate than meters made using less significant materials, the Sper Scientific Meter Pen Style Salinity 850036 will make an excellent addition to your laboratory's tool box. Aiding you to find the best item for your specifications is one of our major goals at OpticsPlanet, and the Sper Scientific Meter Pen Style Salinity 850036 is a piece of equipment that we are ecstatic to have the ability to offer you. For a very good way to make sure that your laboratory is loaded with some of the most effective gear available, choose the Sper Scientific Meter Pen Style Salinity 850036.
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BBB Accredited Business since 06/16/2008
Amici's East Coast Pizzeria, Inc.
Phone: (415) 885-4500Fax: (415) 885-01522200 Lombard St, San Francisco, CA 94123www.amicis.com
BBB Business Reviews may not be reproduced for sales or promotional purposes.
This company offers pizza & pasta, delivery available.
Request a Quote
BBB Accreditation
A BBB Accredited Business since 06/16/2008
BBB has determined that Amici's East Coast Pizzeria, Inc. meets BBB accreditation standards, which include a commitment to make a good faith effort to resolve any consumer complaints. BBB Accredited Businesses pay a fee for accreditation review/monitoring and for support of BBB services to the public.
BBB accreditation does not mean that the business' products or services have been evaluated or endorsed by BBB, or that BBB has made a determination as to the business' product quality or competency in performing services.
Reason for Rating
BBB rating is based on 13 factors. Get the details about the factors considered.
Factors that raised Amici's East Coast Pizzeria, Inc.'s rating include:
- Length of time business has been operating.
- No complaints filed with BBB.
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Incorporated: February 1987, CA
Contact InformationPrincipal: Mr. Peter Cooperstein (President)
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text:
- Welcome
- Artist - Simon Whalley
- No.10 Brougham Hall
- Photographic Galleries
- Shop
- Career
- BroughamPhotoLiterary Festival
My work highlights natural beauty, and looks to tackle environmental and social concerns.
All images in the photographic galleries can be purchased by contacting me, my normal framing is black ash or limed ash with 2 standard sizes offered 18 x 12 (£109) or 24 x 16 inches (£149). Bespoke framing and sizes can be provided, just ask.
For more information on my current work, why not have a look at my facebook page
or if you are interested in Brougham Hall go to the facebook page here


text:
Ford F-150
: D I have a 1999 ford f150 xlt triton v8, 257,000 miles on it, never had any problems with it. I am getting a slight noise from underneath kinda like a rattle a mechainic said it was the converter, also getting a very light smoke every now and then from tailpipe, are they connected or should I start thinking about a new truck?
July 2, 2006.
July 2, 2006.
Check your cat, sometimes the heat shield mounts rust, the shield will rattle, if that's the case use super-long hose clamps to cinch it tight against the cat. 257k is some serious mileage, I would expect a couple of issues. Light smoke could be anything from worn valve seals or guides to rings. Probably a compression check is the first order of business, see what's going on there, something you can do, watch how the compression builds up in each successive crank, if cylinders are testing low, wet-test them by squirting a little oil in suspects, see what difference, if any it makes. Your mechanic will know what to do
Jul 2, 2006.
Jul 2, 2006.
Engine Performance problem 1995 Acura Integra 4 cyl Front Wheel Drive Manual 91000 miles hi i have a 95 gsr v-tec and when i run ritch "high rpm's' i only run premium in it ...
3 answers • 1995 Acura Integra
Engine Mechanical problem 1991 Toyota Pickup 6 cyl Four Wheel Drive Manual 200000 miles I have a 91 toyota pickup with the 3.0 v6 I just bought the truck and when I bought it it ...
3 answers • 1991 Toyota Pickup
Engine Mechanical problem 1990 Honda CRX 4 cyl Front Wheel Drive Manual 100 miles my car blows out smoke , like once a day or more not all the time and the performance is good...
5 answers • 1990 Honda CRX
Hi, I have a 1990 Camry with around 65000 miles. I do not know the engine size or anything about the maintenance history other than the CV joints were recently replaced and the ...
6 answers • 1990 Toyota Camry


text:
Alice sur l'iPad
By Atomic Antelope
Open iTunes to buy and download apps.
• Enjoy a brand new **FRENCH** edition of Alice! "Alice aux pays des merveilles"
• A delight for both French-speakers and French language students. Here's how critics described the first book: ♠ "The cleverest iPad book yet" - Gizmodo ♠
♣ "A glimpse of the future of digital reading." - B.B.C. ♣
♥ "A sharp example of how to enhance children's literature on the device." - MacLife ♥
♦ "Alice app for iPad points the way toward a new generation of pop-up books." - The Independent ♦
♠ "Alice in wonderland iPad app reinvents reading." - The Huffington Post ♠
♣ "Alice for the iPad Shows Why E-Books Are Cool." - Mashable ♣
♥ "Alice for the iPad will irk luddites with its sumptuous interactive rendering of Alice in Wonderland." - The Sunday Times ♥
♦ "Incorporates animation like no other eBook to date." - C|NET ♦
What's New in Version 1.1
A few grammar corrections to the text.
iPad Screenshots
- Category: Books
- Updated: 09 June 2011
- Version: 1.1
- Size: 35.2 MB
- Language: English
- Developer: Atomic Antelope
- © 2011 Atomic Antelope Ltd
Compatibility: Requires iOS 4.2 or later. Compatible with iPad.


text:
Here is a collection of the all-time best famous Sir John Suckling poems. This is a select list of the best famous Sir John Suckling poetry. Reading, writing, and enjoying famous Sir John Suckling poetry (as well as classical and contemporary poems) is a great past time. These top poems are the best examples of Sir John Suckling poems.
Search for the best famous Sir John Suckling poems, articles about Sir John Suckling poems, poetry blogs, or anything else Sir John Suckling poem related using the PoetrySoup search engine at the top of the page.
See also:
Best Member Poems
Out upon it, I have lov'd
Three whole days together;
And am like to love three more,
If it prove fair weather.
Time shall moult away his wings,
Ere he shall discover
In the whole wide world again
Such a constant lover.
But the spite on't is, no praise
Is due at all to me;
Love with me had made no stays,
Had it any been but she.
Had it any been but she,
And that very face,
There had been at least ere this
A dozen dozen in her place.
I prithee spare me gentle boy,
Press me no more for that slight toy,
That foolish trifle of an heart;
I swear it will not do its part,
Though thou dost thine, employ'st thy pow'r and art.
For through long custom it has known
The little secrets, and is grown
Sullen and wise, will have its will,
And like old hawks pursues that still
That makes least sport, flies only where't can kill.
Some youth that has not made his story,
Will think perchance the pain's the glory,
And mannerly sit out love's feast;
I shall be carving of the best,
Rudely call for the last course 'fore the rest.
And oh when once that course is past,
How short a time the feast doth last;
Men rise away and scarce say grace,
Or civilly once thank the face
That did invite, but seek another place.
I will not love one minute more, I swear!
No, not a minute! Not a sigh or tear
Thou gett'st from me, or one kind look again,
Though thou shouldst court me to 't, and wouldst begin.
I will not think of thee but as men do
Of debts and sins; and then I'll curse thee too.
For thy sake woman shall be now to me
Less welcome than at midnight ghosts shall be.
I'll hate so perfectly that it shall be
Treason to love that man that loves a she.
Nay, I will hate the very good, I swear,
That's in thy sex, because it doth lie there, -
Their very virtue, grace, discourse, and wit,
And all for thee! What, wilt thou love me yet?
Out upon it, I have lov'd
Three whole days together;
And am like to love three more,
If it prove fair weather.
Time shall molt away his wings
Ere he shall discover
In such whole wide world again
Such a constant lover.
But the spite on't is, no praise
Is due at all to me:
Love with me had made no stays
Had it any been but she.
Had it any been but she
And that very face,
There had been at least ere this
A dozen dozen in her place.
When, dearest I but think of thee,
Methinks all things that lovely be
Are present, and my soul delighted:
For beauties that from worth arise
Are like the grace of deities,
Still present with us, tho' unsighted.
Thus while I sit and sigh the day
With all his borrow'd lights away,
Till night's black wings do overtake me,
Thinking on thee, thy beauties then,
As sudden lights do sleepy men,
So they by their bright rays awake me.
Thus absence dies, and dying proves
No absence can subsist with loves
That do partake of fair perfection:
Since in the darkest night they may
By love's quick motion find a way
To see each other by reflection.
The waving sea can with each flood
Bathe some high promont that hath stood
Far from the main up in the river:
O think not then but love can do
As much! for that's an ocean too,
Which flows not every day, but ever!
WHY so pale and wan, fond lover?
Prithee, why so pale?
Will, when looking well can't move her,
Looking ill prevail?
Prithee, why so pale?
Why so dull and mute, young sinner?
Prithee, why so mute?
Will, when speaking well can't win her,
Saying nothing do 't?
Prithee, why so mute?
Quit, quit for shame! This will not move;
This cannot take her.
If of herself she will not love,
Nothing can make her:
The devil take her!
I prithee send me back my heart,
Since I cannot have thine;
For if from yours you will not part,
Why, then, shouldst thou have mine?
Yet now I think on't, let it lie,
To find it were in vain;
For thou hast a thief in either eye
Would steal it back again.
Why should two hearts in one breast lie,
And yet not lodge together?
O Love! where is thy sympathy,
If thus our breasts thou sever?
But love is such a mystery,
I cannot find it out;
For when I think I'm best resolved,
I then am in most doubt.
Then farewell care, and farewell woe;
I will no longer pine;
For I'll believe I have her heart,
As much as she hath mine.


text:
Welcome to the FREMONT FAMILY YMCA – the second largest YMCA in the United States.
YMCA Mission – God has given us the pathway to life and health through Jesus Christ and the Holy Scriptures. It is the mission of the FREMONT FAMILY YMCA to help put these Christian principles into practice through programs that help build healthy spirit, mind and body for all.
No Youth Denied – Any youth may belong to the YMCA regardless of income or family situation. If you know of a youth who would like to belong, please contact the YMCA staff.
Registrations are now being taken for Daddy/Daughter Prom. Please go to the Special Events page for more information.


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This is an activity about the period of the Sun's rotation. Learners will select images of the Sun from the SOHO spacecraft image archive. Next, they will calculate an image scale for the selected solar images. Then, they will use it to help... (View More) determine the actual speed of sunspots based on measurements of their motion in the selected Sun images and, finally, determine the period of the Sun's rotation. This activity requires access to the internet to obtain images from the SOHO image archive. This is Activity 3 of the Space Weather Forecast curriculum. (View Less)
Materials Cost: Free
This is an activity about coronal mass ejections. Learners will calculate the velocity and acceleration of a coronal mass ejection, or CME, based on its position in a series of images from the Large-Angle Spectrometric Coronograph (LASCO) instrument... (View More) on NASA's Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) spacecraft. This is Activity 2 of a larger resource, Exploring the Sun. The NASA spacecraft missions represented by this material include SOHO, TRACE, STEREO, Hinode, and SDO. (View Less)
Materials Cost: Free
This is an activity about utilizing proportional mathematics to determine the height of lunar features. Learners will use the length of shadows to calculate the height of some of the lunar features. This activity is Astronomy Activity 6 in a larger... (View More) resource entitled Space Update. (View Less)
This is an activity about the Venus Transit and how it helped astronomers determine the scale of the solar system. Learners will use measurement, ratios, and graphing to construct a model of the solar system and determine the relationship of each... (View More) planet to the Sun. They will explore the scales needed to represent the size of the planets and the distances to the Sun. This activity corresponds to the NASA CONNECT video, titled Venus Transit, and has supplemental questions to support the video viewing. (View Less)
Materials Cost: Free
This is a lesson about magnetism and solar flares. Learners will evaluate real solar data and images in order to calculate the energy and magnetic strength of a solar flare moving away from the Sun as a coronal mass ejection. This is Activity 3 in... (View More) the Exploring Magnetism in Solar Flares teachers guide. (View Less)
This is an activity about the movement, or "wandering," of our Earth's magnetic poles. The learner will explore this concept by measuring and calculating the distance the Earth's north magnetic pole has moved over the past 400 years and calculating... (View More) the rate at which the magnetic pole location has changed its position during that time. Finally, learners will use this information to extrapolate how the region for viewing aurorae may change over the next century at the present rate of polar wander. This is Activity 6 in the Exploring Magnetism on Earth teachers guide. (View Less)
This is a lesson about the motion of a coronal mass ejection, also called a CME. Learners will calculate the velocity and acceleration of a CME based on its position in a series of images from the Large-Angle Spectrometric Coronagraph (LASCO)... (View More) instrument on SOHO. (View Less)
This is an activity about the solar cycle. Learners will use X-ray data from the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) and record the total number of solar flares in their birth month over the course of eleven years and compute... (View More) the percentage of high-energy X-ray flares which occur for each year. Learners will graph their findings to help them identify the long term pattern of flare activity on the Sun. (View Less)
This is an activity about determining the size of a solar flare. Learners will measure the diameter of a solar flare by making calculations using transparency grids overlaid on images of the Sun. This is the third activity as part of the "How Does... (View More) HESSI Take a Picture" lesson. (View Less)
Materials Cost: Free per group of students
This is an activity about seasonal variations in day length. Learners will graph the number of daylight hours in each month in cities around the world and compare results. They will also gain an understanding of the meaning of the term equinox... (View More) through review of the graphed data. This is Activity 6 in the Great Explorations in Math and Science (GEMS) guide titled Real Reasons for Seasons: Sun-Earth Connections. The resource guide is available for purchase from the Lawrence Hall of Science. This activity requires use of an overhead projector and colored transparency pens. (View Less)
Materials Cost: Free per student


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You may have noticed things look a little different around here - we've switched to a new platform (XenForo) and have some new forum styles and features. This how-to guide will help you find your way around. If you find anything that looks strange, post it in this thread.
What games can the M14x not run?
Discussion in 'Alienware 14 and M14x' started by Fallout4, Dec 4, 2011.
Page 2 of 2
Page 2 of 2


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Far Out in the Far East T
Far Out in the Far East in Fifteen
Far East rumours finally confirmed:
Have a closer look at Molly's new costume!
March 13 - Mao Livehouse, Beijing (proceeds from the concert will help Surmang Foundation save mothers and infant lives in Surmang, Qinghai Province) Tickets here.
Band Chat Transcript
Last night the lighthouse guided lost Net Pets back to The Rock Of Rock, where they checked in at their own Molly Hotel. The Net Pets came from places like Chicago, Dubrovnik, Milano, Odense and Norrtälje to take the chance to chat. Four VIP guests entered and spent some 90 minutes with the Net Pets in the cosy chat room at the hotel.
Older news
Pictures from video shoot
Reruns tonight
D.A.D shooting new video
This week D.A.D will shoot the video for upcoming single Hey Now (with new kick-ass mix by Michael Ilbert!). Director is Swede Antonio Tublen.
D.A.D on DR2 - and again and again!
Tune in for a D.A.D invasion on Danish television DR2! Tonight at 23:00 CEST Stig will visit Musikprogrammet with his basses and on Monday at 22:00 CEST the show Spot is all about Jesper! Both shows will be rerun on DR2 Wednesday, September 7: Musikprogrammet at 00:20 CEST and Spot at 00:50 CEST.
Wednesday, October 5, it's time for the cooking experience with Mik Schack to be broadcasted in the show Hjemmeservice at 19:30 CEST. Besides peeling potatoes D.A.D will play Camping In Scandinavia, Hey Now and Jihad live in Schack's garden!
Extra concert in Copenhagen!
To please all the fans who didn't get tickets to the concert in KB Hallen, Copenhagen, November 3, D.A.D have decided to give an extra concert in KB Hallen the day after; November 4!
Special guests and support will be Magtens Korridorer and Warwick Avenue.
Tickets for the extra concert will be on sale from Tuesday, September 6 at Billetlugen, phone 70 263 267 and in Fona stores.
A good day... for something good
As a warm-up event before the concert in Odense Idrætshal a D.A.D convention will be held at Rytmeposten, Odense, Saturday October 8, 14.00-18.00 CEST.
There will be several stands loaded with D.A.D material for sale, cool things to win on ticket numbers... - and D.A.D will show up for a signing session!!! This is not a concert.
Tickets (30 DKK; limited) for the convention: email@example.com or firstname.lastname@example.com
Special guests on DK concerts
Special guests on the concerts in Odense, Århus, Aalborg and Copenhagen: Magtens Korridorer.
Support on all concerts in Denmark: Warwick Avenue.
Scandinavian tourdates
Seven new Scandinavian tourdates have been confirmed:
October 17, Trädgår'n, Gothenburg
October 18, Mondo, Stockholm
October 20, Klubi, Tampere
October 21, House Of Culture, Helsinki
October 22, Klubi, Turku
October 26, Rockefeller, Oslo
November 2, KB, Malmoe
Pictures from Mik Schack's garden
Check out the pictures from the recording of Hjemmeservice for Danish television! The show will be broadcasted on DR2 October 5, 2005.


text:
playful kids
A Person's a Person No matter how small - dr. Seuss
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Anche in Italiano! Ook in het Nederlands!
In our house we play, sing , move and learn about life in a magical way.
I teach English to Italian kids with my whole heart guided by the best master called LIFE.
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Reggio Inspired (En&Nl)
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Kerstliedje & Knutsel voor kinderenChristmas song & Star Craft for Kids
A Poem for Christmas about FAMILY
Today I am grateful for.....
–Sandra Menken, Sociaal cultureel werker Voor Welzijn
Copyright by Angelique Felix 2011 | Webdesign by Angelique Felix - Drawing by Marina Pace


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More than 11,000 will take part in the 30km and and 5km courses this Sunday...
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Nour Hossain came to Canada to pursue graduate degrees in computer science...
Canada's Simmons beats American Shuster 11-10 in opener at men's curling...
Cara Delevingne has wanted to be an actress ever since acting in her...
Editorial cartoon for Friday, March 27 by Graeme MacKay, The Hamilton...
Generally speaking, most long-term disability policies provide that for the...
Dawn's golden light caught the tops of the snowcapped Himalayas and...
Hamilton's Public Library is taking a proactive approach to dealing with the homeless, mentally ill and other vulnerable people who frequent the Central branch.
The main library branch is downtown, near many of the city's homeless and poorest neighbourhoods, and has many visitors with few other places to go during the day.
Rather than kicking out disruptive visitors, someone will now be around to assist them — and any other visitors needing social services. As of Tuesday, Central has a full-time community development worker walking around, chatting with patrons, initiating conversations and just milling about, ready to be used as a resource.
The service is a joint pilot project by Hamilton Library and Wesley Urban Ministries, funded out of the library's Special Gifts Fund. Costs are not to exceed $50,000.
The idea is for the outreach person to connect with vulnerable people in the library, says Daljit Garry, executive director of Wesley Urban Ministries.
"The person would be in the library to engage with them, chat with them and find out what's going on and then connect them with services, supports and health care," Garry said. "We have the expertise to help the hard to serve, the disenfranchised and the vulnerable populations."
If the library is not the appropriate place for a person at a particular time, the worker can get them to a place that is, she added.
The worker will also teach library staff how to approach and communicate with the vulnerable "so that it's positive, rather than saying you can't be in the library."
Garry believes the program can become self-sustaining because library staff will have been trained in techniques on how to talk to marginalized individuals, be more sensitive to their needs and more aware of the services available to them.
Chief librarian Paul Takala is happy about the pilot, saying their expertise till now has been "information, not what (social) programs are available.
"Our purpose is to connect people with the resources they need and to ensure they use library space in a way that doesn't infringe on other library users' space," he added. "We want people to feel comfortable."
He says Central, which gets 1.4 million visits a year, is a community beacon and a very safe place, but people may not feel that way if they are witnessing conflict or issues that can be prevented.
"We want to defuse situations before they happen."
Takala's report to the library board last September says the goal is to "help address the systemic issues and needs faced by some of the library visitors … whose unmet needs have, on occasion, led to challenging behaviours."
The pilot project shifts "challenging behaviours" from security issues to human needs issues, he said Tuesday.
The pilot is slated to run for six months, with an option to run another six.
Takala says there was no specific incident that led to the pilot. Similar programs have run in Edmonton, Halifax and at libraries in the United States.
firstname.lastname@example.com 905-526-3392 | @CarmatTheSpec
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About this item
Rice Cooking Wine (Pack of 6)(Note: This Product Description Is Informational Only- Always Check The Actual Product Label In Your Possession For The Most Accurate Ingredient Information Before Use- For Any Health Or Dietary Related Matter Always Consult Your Doctor Before Use-)UPC: 070844005325 K SKU: SPDSP5422
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Indeed the best site to buy all your magical needs. Their customer support has to be the best in the world.. I asked a question and less than an...Read More ->
I have been doing magic for 30 years and never had a faster delivery on stock items. I live in Michigan, ordered an item on Thursday and had it by...Read More ->


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I must express my gratitude and happiness for the very fast, and friendly service that MJM Magic gave to me. I ordered an effect on a Monday, and...Read More ->
I always kick myself for wasting time shopping around. I KNOW MJM always has what I need and for a better price. I can't say enough about how much I...Read More ->


text: Recovery footwear at its finest. This sleek slide has an ultrasoft EVA insole sculpted for fit and support thanks to Rider's Archfit technology. The perforated mesh-lined upper and dual side vents cools the foot with each and every step. Price: Price pending Featured in Black/Clear/Gray Synthetic upper with breathable, vented strap Archfit technology for comfortable fit Soft, textured EVA cushioned insole Flexible, durable traction outsole Imported More


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Burnley have been frightened off by Celtic's price-tag for striker Derek Riordan.
Celtic are holding out for a fee in the region of £1million to smooth the exit of Riordan, after Burnley had a loan approach for the marginalised forward turned down, says the Daily Mail.
It's the latest instalment in a long-running story of frustration for Riordan, who is desperately keen to kick-start his stalled career by finding regular first-team football this month.
The Parkhead club are understood to now be agreeable to his departure, but will not allow the player - who turns 25 next week - to leave without substantial compensation.


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We are two hard working entreprenuers with two very young children. We bought this property as an investment for our future...More information +
We are two hard working entreprenuers with two very young children. We bought this property as an investment for our future and to be able to "get away" from the city life and retreat to a much more relaxing environment. Lake Arrowhead brings us to a place where we leave the stress behind and focus on family and the outdoors.
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3 BR / 3 BA / Sleeps 8
Left on Jan 03, 2015 for a stay in November 2014
The experience was great from start to finish. The owners answered all of our emails and phone calls immediately.
Let me start off with the view from the home. The home is on top of a mountain overlooking the lake and the valley down below, truly breathtaking.
The home and everything in it looked brand new. The kitchen was the best stocked home we have ever rented. It is very important…
4 BR / 3 BA / Sleeps 10
4 BR / 4 BA / Sleeps 10
Left on Jun 20, 2011 for a stay in June 2011
The house was beautiful - Not your average rental! The entire property is furnished beautifully inside and out. There were 6 in our party and we had more than enough room to do our own thing. The lake view from the dining room, kitchen and game room is fantastic. The kitchen is fully loaded and very clean. There is plenty to do with the availablity of a boat, pools and golf. We spent several …


text:
A semiconductor device includes a field shield region that is doped opposite to the conductivity of the substrate and is bounded laterally by dielectric sidewall spacers and from below by a PN junction. For example, in a trench-gated MOSFET the field shield region may be located beneath the trench and may be electrically connected to the source region. When the MOSFET is reverse-biased, depletion regions extend from the dielectric sidewall spacers into the "drift" region, shielding the gate oxide from high electric fields and increasing the avalanche breakdown voltage of the device. This permits the drift region to be more heavily doped and reduces the on-resistance of the device. It also allows the use of a thin, 20 Å gate oxide for a power MOSFET that is to be switched with a 1V signal applied to its gate while being able to block over 30V applied across its drain and source electrodes, for example.
1. A semiconductor device comprising:
a semiconductor substrate comprising a region of a first conductivity type, a top electrode being in electric contact with a top surface of said substrate, a bottom electrode being in electrical contact with a bottom surface of said substrate;
a field shield region of a second conductivity type, said field shield region being laterally bounded by dielectric sidewalls, said dielectric sidewalls separating said field shield region from said region of the first conductivity type, said field shield region being bounded from below by a PN junction with said region of the first conductivity type; and
a shield electrode in electrical contact with the field shield region.
2. The device of
3. The device of
4. The device of
5. The device of
6. The device of
7. The device of
8. The device of
9-37. (canceled)
38. The device of
This invention relates to semiconductor device structures with improved packing/cell density and breakdown, and in particular MOSFETs having a gate electrode located in a trench, more specifically a low-voltage trench-gated power MOSFET having an improved breakdown characteristic, a thin gate oxide to reduce the gate drive voltage, and a high cell density to lower the on-resistance of the MOSFET.
MOSFETs have become the preferred devices for switching currents in numerous fields, including the computer and automotive industries. Three of the principal characteristics of MOSFETs are their gate drive voltage, their on-resistance (Rds-on) and their avalanche breakdown voltage (VB). The gate drive voltage is determined primarily by the gate oxide thickness; the thinner the gate oxide, the lower the gate drive voltage. However, a thinner gate oxide leads to a lower breakdown voltage, especially for trench power MOSFETs. The breakdown voltage is normally provided largely by a lightly-doped "drift" region that is located between the drain and body regions of the MOSFET. For example, in MOSFET 10 shown in
A borophosphosilicate layer 116 is deposited and patterned so that it covers and isolates the gate electrode 110, and a metal layer 114 is deposited over the top surface of the device. Metal layer 114, which can be an aluminum or copper alloy, makes an ohmic electrical contact with N+ source regions 110 and P+ body contact regions 118.
Current flows vertically through MOSFT 10 from the N+ drain 102 and through an N− drift region 106 and a channel region (denoted by the dashed lines) in P-body region 108 to the N+ source regions 110.
The trench is typically made in the form of a lattice that creates a number of MOSFET cells. In a "closed cell" arrangement, the MOSFET cells may be hexagonal, square or circular. In an "open cell" arrangement, the cells are in the form of parallel longintudinal stripes.
When MOSFET 10 is reverse-biased, the N+ drain region 102 is biased positively with respect to the N+ source regions 110. In this situation, the reverse bias voltage appears mainly across the PN junction 120 that separates N-drift region 106 and P-body region 108. N-drift region 106 becomes more and more depleted as the reverse bias voltage increases. When the depletion spreading reaches the boundary between N+ substrate 102 and N-drift region 106, any further increases in the reverse bias are seen at PN junction 120. Thus making N-drift region 106 thicker generally provides greater protection against breakdown. Furthermore, there is a generally inverse relationship between the avalanche breakdown voltage of PN junction 120 and the doping concentration of N-drift region 106, i.e, the lower the doping concentration of N-drift region 106, the higher the breakdown voltage VB of PN junction 120. See Sze, Physics of Semiconductor Devices, 2nd Ed., page 101,
Thus, to increase the breakdown voltage of junction 120, one would like to reduce the doping concentration of N-drift region 106. This in turn, however, reduces the quantity of charge in N-drift region 106 and accelerates the effect of depletion spreading. One solution would be to increase the thickness of N-drift region 106, but this tends to increase the on-resistance of MOSFET 10.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,216,275 describes a high voltage drift structure useful for trench power MOSFETs, diodes, and bipolar transistors. The drift structure includes a "composite buffer layer" that contains alternately arranged areas of opposite conductivity.
In low voltage and high density trench MOSFETs there is another limitation. A high field at the bottom of the gate oxide, which limits the breakdown voltage and the oxide thickness. U.S. Pat. No. 5,168,331 proposes a floating, a lightly doped P− region just below the trench gate oxide to reduce the field which it does. However, P-shield region (e.g., boron atoms) out diffuse towards the P-body, which increases Rds on and/or requires the packing density to be reduced.
The present invention overcomes these problems.
A trench-gated semiconductor device according to this invention includes a semiconductor substrate of a first conductivity type. An epitaxial layer is formed on the substrate. First and second trenches are formed in the epitaxial layer, the first and second trenches being separated by a mesa. Each of the trenches comprises a gate dielectric layer, the gate dielectric layer lining the walls and floor of the trench, and a gate electrode bounded by the gate dielectric layer. A body region of a second conductivity type is located in the mesa. A source region of the first conductivity type is located adjacent a wall of the trench and the top surface of the epitaxial layer. A drift region of the epitaxial layer is located below the body region and doped with material of the first conductivity type. A field shield region of the second conductivity type is located below each of the trenches, the sides of the field shield region being bounded by dielectric sidewall spacers. The dielectric sidewall spacers separate the field shield region from the drift region of the epitaxial layer. A metal layer lies on top of the epitaxial layer and is in electrical contact with the source region and the body region. The field shield region is electrically connected to the source region and the body region.
With this structure, depletion regions form on both sides of dielectric sidewall spacers when the MOSFET is in an off condition and blocking a voltage. This increases the avalanche breakdown voltage of the device and allows the drift region to be doped more heavily, reducing the on-resistance of the MOSFET. The dielectric spacers bordering the field shield region confine the field shield region to the area directly beneath the trench floor. Use of the field shield region decouples the gate oxide thickness from the breakdown voltage of the device.
As a result, the cell packing density can be increased, and the gate oxide thickness can be reduced to achieve a threshold voltage as low as 1V Vgs while maintaining a high breakdown voltage.
This invention also includes a process for fabricating a trench-gated semiconductor device. The process includes providing a semiconductor substrate of a first conductivity type; forming an epitaxial layer of the first conductivity type on the substrate; forming first and second trenches in the epitaxial layer, the first and second trenches being separated by a mesa; forming dielectric sidewall spacers on the walls of the trenches; forming a "field shield region" on the bottom of the trench by partially filling the trench with a semiconductor material of a second conductivity type; removing portions of the dielectric sidewall spacers above the field shield region; forming a dielectric layer on the walls of the trenches above the field shield region and on the top surface of the field shield region; and filling an upper portion of the trenches with a conductive gate material.
In one variation of the process, source regions are formed in the mesa by forming a first dielectric layer above the conductive gate material, depositing a layer of polysilicon containing a dopant of the first conductivity type on the entire top surface of the structure and directionally etching the layer of polysilicon to leave a polysilicon spacer adjacent a vertical surface of the first dielectric layer.
A mesa between trenches 306 includes a P-body region 316. Within P-body region 316 are N+ source regions 312 and a P+ body contact region 314. The top surface of gate 308 is covered with a BPSG layer 324. A source metal layer 326S overlies BPSG layer 324 and makes electrical contact with N+ source regions 312 and P+ body contact regions 314. Similarly, a metal layer 325 contacts N+ substrate 302, which functions as the drain. The electrical contact between metal layer 325 and N+ substrate 302 could be ohmic or could include a Schottky barrier.
The remaining portion of epi layer 304 is divided into N drift region 318 and P field shield regions 320. Each of P field shield regions 320 is located below one of trenches 306 and is separated laterally from N drift region 318 by oxide sidewall spacers 322. In some embodiments, field shield regions 320 could extend downward to N+ substrate 302.
A key innovation in
P-shield regions 320 can be formed by a selective epitaxial deposition after the RIE etch of the silicon and after the formation of a sidewall oxide. The basic structure shown in
Each of field shield regions 320 is connected to P-body regions 316 and N+ source regions 312 in the third dimension, outside the plane of the drawing.
Field shield regions 320 can also be connected to N+ source regions 312 and P+ body contact regions 314 by means of a wide trench, as shown in
Referring again to
A second photoresist mask is then formed over what is to be the active area of the device, and a thick field oxide layer (e.g., 0.2-1.0 μm thick) is thermally grown in what are to be the voltage termination regions (die edges) of the MOSFET. Then, as shown in
As shown in
As shown in
Referring to
As shown in
As shown in
BPSG layer 324 is deposited. A sixth photoresist mask (contact mask) is formed on BPSG layer 324, with openings over the mesas, and BPSG layer 324 is etched, as shown in
As shown in
The exposed portions of oxide layers 322 are then removed. Gate oxide layer 310 is thermally grown on the exposed sidewalls of the trench and on the exposed upper surface of field shield region 320. The upper portion of trench 408 is then filled with polysilicon gate 308, which is preferably doped with an N-type dopant by ion implantation, POCl3, or preferably in situ. The polysilicon is etched back so that its top surface adjoins nitride layer 402. As described above a BPSG layer 324 is deposited on he top surface of the structure and etched back, using an RIE process, or planarized, using a chemical-mechanical polishing technique, until the top surface of BPSG layer 324 is coplanar with the top surface of nitride layer 402, thereby forming a BPSG plug 470. The resulting structure is shown in
Nitride layer 402 is then removed, preferably without a mask, to yield the structure shown in
As shown in
As shown in
As shown in
Using BPSG layer 470 and spacers 478 and 480 as a mask, the top surface of epi layer 304 is etched using an RIE process to remove the exposed portions of N+ source layer 476. Using the same mask, a P-type dopant is implanted at a relatively low energy to form P+ body contact regions 482. This produces the structure illustrated in
BPSG layer 470 and BPSG (or nitride) spacers 480 are etched (e.g., about 500 Å) to expose more of N+ polysilicon spacers 478 and N+ source layer (now region) 476. In this process all of BPSG spacers may be removed.
As shown in
The result of this process is MOSFET 40, shown in
In an alternative embodiment, nitride spacers 486 are substituted for polysilicon spacers 478 and BPSG spacers 480, producing MOSFET 42 shown in
Thus, P+ body contact regions 460, P-body regions 454, N+ source regions 312, P+contact region 456 and P shield region 452 are all biased to the source potential through metal layer 326S. When MOSFET is blocking voltage in an off condition, depletion regions spread outward from sidewall spacers 458 into N drift region 318. Thus, a vertical junction field-effect transistor (JFET) forms between adjacent deep trenches 450, underneath trenches 306. The N drift region 318 is largely depleted by the adjacent deep trenches 450 when MOSFET is blocking a voltage. This increases the breakdown potential of MOSFET 50 and protects the corners of trenches 306 and gate oxide layers in trenches 306 from the high electric field that would otherwise result from a high source-to-drain voltage and high gate-to-drain voltage. N drift region 318 can be doped to a higher concentration than would otherwise be possible, reducing the on-resistance of MOSFET 50.
MOSFET 50 can be fabricated with a conventional process, except that an additional mask and etch for the deep trenches 450 is required. An oxide layer is grown on the sidewalls and floor of the deep trenches 450, and the oxide layer is removed from the floor of the deep trenches 450 by an RIE process to leave oxide spacers 458. A selective epi growth process is used to form P shield regions 452. After the formation of the P shield regions 452, a normal trench MOSFET process can be used to fabricate trenches 306 and the remainder of MOSFET 50.
Referring again to
If the field shield is contacted in the manner shown in
While specific embodiments of this invention have been described, it should be understood that these embodiment are illustrative, and not limiting. Many other embodiments according to this invention will be apparent to persons of skill in the art. For example, while the embodiments described above involved MOSFETs, this invention is also applicable to other semiconductor devices, such as trench insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs), vertical power junction field-effect transistors (JFETs) and power bipolar devices. Moreover, while N-channel devices have been described, these principles of this invention can be used with P-channel devices by reversing the polarities.
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We are westbound from South Haven, Michigan, to Rockford, Illinois, on Wednesday, July 10. We have heard about construction delays on I-90. Is I-88/I 39 a useful alternative?
Yes, it is under major construction and yes, that's not a terrible alternate. Does not really save time as it is longer, but is more pleasant to avoid the construction zone.
Its 40 straight miles of two small lanes, its MISERABLE
@wes- im not familiar with 88/39, do you think i should do it from downtown instead of 90? i want to be in rockford/cherry valley monday at 10am
I actually don't think it'll save that much time to use 88/39. From downtown, 88/39 has got to be a good 20 miles longer because 90 slants in the right direction. It's just a more pleasant drive since the construction zone is a mess. Strictly from a time standpoint, I'd take whichever is easiest based on your starting point. If you're near 90, take 90. If you're near the Eisenhower, take 290/88/39.
88/39 to me is also less risky because every once in a while you can get a problem in the construction zone that really slows things down. Less chance of that on 88/39.
thanks, google has 88/39 as 102 miles and 92 minutes, 90 is 77 miles and 79 minutes
25 miles is a lot more but i really HATED every single one of the 40 miles of construction and there was no stop and go traffic just stressful driving
i guess ill suck it up and take 90, but at least i know if the travel times are higher i have an alternate on 88/39
That sums it up. It moves through the construction zone but is pretty packed.
We ended up taking 94/80/355/88/39. WE bailed on I-88 to take Illinois 64 since we wanted to see some local color and without a I-pass I-88 was a pain.
Passed a wonderful Deco armory in Sycamore. Made our day.
Glad it worked out. You raise a good point. I88 and I90 are both toll roads so are easier with an I pass. What a lot of people do not realize is you can pay the tolls online so I believe you can actually go through the ipass lanes without one as long as you go online to pay the tolls within a few days.
Il64 makes a nice ride, too. have not done it for many years now, but you do get to see the cornfields and some small towns.