The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of non-financial compensation variables on the Work Effectiveness of Employees at the Staffing, Education and Training Agency of Sumbawa Regency. This type of research is explanatory research. The population in this study are all employees at the Staffing, Education and Training Agency of Sumbawa Regency, totaling 52 people and the entire population will be used as a research sample or population research or census research. Data was collected through questionnaires or questionnaires distributed to research respondents. Data analysis was carried out using simple linear regression analysis techniques, partial hypothesis testing (t test), and determination coefficient test (R2). The results showed that non-financial compensation had a positive and significant effect on the effectiveness of employee performance at the Staffing, Education and Training Agency of Sumbawa Regency. the degree of influence of non-financial compensation on the effectiveness of employee performance at the Staffing, Education and Training Agency of Sumbawa Regency is 44%, while the remaining 56% is influenced by other variables outside the scope of this study.


The comment by Benson et al. [this issue] is, once again, an expression of the faith of the team led by R. Benson and V. Osherovich in their theoretical prediction of the existence, in magnetospheric data, of diffuse resonances, rather than its basic confrontation to actual observations. My paper [Canu, 2001] is questioned through minor side details which do not bring any new information or have any impact on the conclusion of my work. At this stage, the interested reader can make her/his own judgment as to the impact, on the core of the controversy, of err6rs like inaccurate references (Benson [1972a] instead of Benson [1972b]) and erroneous Alouette 1 altitude (1000 km rather than 3000 km) or affirmation like the [Benson et al., this issue, section 5] "... sounder may then enhance natural plasma modes of oscillation [at Dn]," when it is evident from the data presented in my paper that they are not observed.


In modern fruit culture, the search for cropping methods for reduction of production time is important. In this sense, the use of grafting techniques is fundamental. In the Experimental Field of the Center of Agricultural Sciences of the Federal University of Alagoas-UFAL, under the nursery conditions, an experiment with soursop tree (Annona muricata L.) was conducted. The objective was to evaluate the effects of three grafting methods on the percentage of soursop tree. The grafting methods utilized were by the green strip budding, whip grafting and the top cleft grafting associated with two soursop tree cultivars (Gigante das Alagoas and Crioula) and two containers for seedlings (polyethylene bags and tubes), by employing rootstocks aged 95 days after emergence. It was found that the 'Gigante das Alagoas' showed a better performance than 'Crioula' concerning graft establishment at 60 and 90 days after grafting. The best grafting method depended upon the container type utilized. When the polyethylene bags were employed the green strip budding grafting method showed a better performance than grafting methods in the evaluations performed at 60 and 90 days after grafting, presenting the average percentage of graft establishment of 100 and 95%, respectively. Nevertheless, by utilizing tube containers, all the three grafting methods tested presented average percentage of graft establishment higher than 75% but, they did not differ statistically. These results showed it is possible to reduce the size of the container, without missing the efficiency and quality of soursop trees.


Sir: Holmes' carefully-reasoned evaluation of the relationship between poetry and psychotherapy ( Psychiatric Bulletin , April 2002, 26 , 138-140) lends further support to the argument that the arts essentially complement our work in psychiatry and that a special interest group could be established


BACKGROUND: We aimed to describe the safety and efficacy of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) with or without intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) for patients with tandem lesions and whether using intraprocedural antiplatelet therapy influences MT's safety with IVT treatment. METHODS: This is a subanalysis of a pooled, multicenter cohort of patients with acute anterior circulation tandem lesions treated with MT from 16 stroke centers between January 2015 and December 2020. Primary outcomes included symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) and parenchymal hematoma type 2. Additional outcomes included hemorrhagic transformation, successful reperfusion (modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction score 2b-3), complete reperfusion (modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction score 3), favorable functional outcome (90-day modified Rankin Scale score 0–2), excellent functional outcome (90-day modified Rankin Scale score 0–1), in-hospital mortality, and 90-day mortality. RESULTS: Of 691 patients, 512 were included (218 underwent IVT+MT and 294 MT alone). There was no difference in the risk of sICH (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.22 [95% CI, 0.60–2.51]; P=0.583), parenchymal hematoma type 2 (aOR, 0.99 [95% CI, 0.47–2.08]; P=0.985), and hemorrhagic transformation (aOR, 0.95 [95% CI, 0.62–1.46]; P=0.817) between the IVT+MT and MT alone groups after adjusting for confounders. Administration of IVT was associated with an increased risk of sICH in patients who received intravenous antiplatelet therapy (aOR, 3.04 [95% CI, 0.99–9.37]; P=0.05). The IVT+MT group had higher odds of a 90-day modified Rankin Scale score 0 to 2 (aOR, 1.72 [95% CI, 1.01–2.91]; P=0.04). The odds of successful reperfusion, complete reperfusion, 90-day modified Rankin Scale score 0 to 1, in-hospital mortality, or 90-day mortality did not differ between the IVT+MT versus MT alone groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed that the combination of IVT with MT for tandem lesions did not increase the overall risk of sICH, parenchymal hematoma type 2, or overall hemorrhagic transformation independently of the cervical revascularization technique used. However, intraprocedural intravenous antiplatelet therapy during acute stent implantation might be associated with an increased risk of sICH in patients who received IVT before MT. Importantly, IVT+MT treatment was associated with a higher rate of favorable functional outcomes at 90 days.


Integrated Pest Management (IPM) has had a varied history, with different definitions. It has been implemented under an array of different connotations (Lewis et al., 1997). The term was earlier used as ''integrated control'' by Bartlett (Bartlett, 1956) and was further elaborated on by Stern and co-workers (Stern et al., 1959). In reference to the concept of integrating the use of bio‐ logical and other controls in complementary ways, the term was later broadened to embrace co‐ ordinated use of all biological, cultural, and artificial practices (van den Bosch and Stern, 1962). The term ''IPM,'' under various authors have advocated for the principle of incorporating, the full array of pest management practices with production objectives in a total systemic ap‐ proach. Nonetheless, there is no universally agreed definition of IPM.


Depression and stress are extremely prevalent in college students. The goal of the current study was to examine if social support from athletic teams and fraternities or sororities are related to lower levels of depression and stress compared to students not involved in such groups. Participants (N=134) were asked to fill out a questionnaire with scales of depression, stress and social support. It was hypothesized that members of Greek life and student-athletes will show higher levels of social support and lower levels of depression compared to a control group of students. The results supported these hypotheses and suggest that joining social groups might be a resource for battling mental health issues in college. DISTRESS AND SUPPORT IN COLLEGE POPULATIONS 3 Differences in Distress and Support in College Populations Stress and depression are two highly correlated states that are prevalent in college students (Mahmoud et al., 2012). As of 2013, the National College Health Assessment reported that 1/3 of all college students report depression some point in their past year, and identified stress as the primary cause for impaired academic performance (Novotney, 2014). It is vital that researchers examine all possible ways to decrease stress and depression in college students. The current study looks at the influence of social support on psychological distress and well-being among three student groups on a college campus: athletes, members of Greek organizations, and the general student population. College students have an extraordinary amount of stress to deal with on a daily basis. Students reported that major academic stressors were tests, grade competition, time demands, professors' expectations, class environment, and future success, and the most intense personal stressors were intimate relationships, parental conflicts, finances, and interpersonal conflicts with friends (Archer & Lamnin, 1985). College students who have been treated for depression also report experiencing stress from a variety of sources, including roommate issues, academic problems, financial and career concerns, and family pressure (Aselton, 2012). Depression plays a big role in the overall health of college students. Depression was predicted by both general life stress and college-related stress (Lester, 2014). Because collegerelated stress was a greater predictor of prior suicide attempts than general life stress, itis possible that the college experience may be more psychologically disturbing and stressful than life outside of college. In a study of interrelationships of stress, depression, anxiety, and physical illness in college students, correlations were found in the stress-illness and depression-illness relationships (Rawson, Bloomer, & Kendall, 1994). Physical illness was defined from a Health DISTRESS AND SUPPORT IN COLLEGE POPULATIONS 4 Questionnaire, which lists the most common campus-illnesses. It demonstrated that depression and stress can weaken the immune system and cause health problems. In a 30-day diary study, students with a history of depression showed greater stress-reactivity even when in remission (O'Hara, Armeli, Boynton, & Tennen, 2014). On days characterized by higher than usual stress, these participants were at a higher risk for a depressive episode. College students are clearly at greater risk for stress and depression because of their intense schedules, developing personalities, and many other academic issues. Looking at different groups of the college population, it is likely that being a member of a team sport, a fraternity, or sorority may either increase or decrease stress and depression levels depending on the individual students' experience. College student-athletes face a variety of stressors ranging from physical training to academics. Eight factors appeared most likely to contribute to the stress of student-athletes: sports injury, performance demand, coach relationships, training adaptation, interpersonal relationships, romantic relationships, family relationships, and academic requirements (Lu, Hsu, Chan, Cheen, & Kao, 2012). All of these factors are likely to enhance stress from the college experience. Organized sports may provide help against stress and depression. Not only are the physical aspects of a sport a way to relieve stress, but team sports provide a built-in social support network that can also help decrease levels of anxiety, depression, and stress (Tamminen, & Gaudreau, 2014). Students participating in an individual sport or students who do not belong to such groups will not reap the benefits of this peer social support system (Morgan & Pollack, 1997; Raglin, 2001; Storch, Killiany, Roberti, 2005). Athletes in intercollegiate team sports have been found to have different levels of depression compared to nonathletes (Proctor & BonLenzo, 2010; Storch et al., 2005). Gender was also found to influence depression in these studies. DISTRESS AND SUPPORT IN COLLEGE POPULATIONS 5 Female athletes reported the highest levels of depressive symptoms, social anxiety, and lack of support. Male athletes, male nonathletes, and female nonathletes reported the lowest levels. It appears that levels of depression can possibly vary from school to school depending on how vigorous the respective sport is on the athletes (Storch et al., 2005). A final variable found to interact with athletic status and depression in college is sports injury (Roiger, Weidauer, & Kern, 2015). In addition to the literature about student-athletes, research also shows that fraternities and sororities provide social support for students, and this may help students avoid stress and depression. Just like being part of an athletic team, joining a fraternity or sorority can help students build new friendships, connections, and facilitate feelings of acceptance by the members. Also, the social support in these groups can help reduce depression and stress in individual members (Taylor, 2010). In a study of the overall mental health aspects of college students, fraternity and sorority members had a significantly lower level of depression than nonmembers (Mahmoud et al., 2012). Results from one study suggest that the advantages of belonging to a fraternity or sorority may be balanced by some drawbacks (Ridgeway, Tang, & Lester, 2014). For example, Greek life can be associated with risky behaviors and health problems, potentially leading to increased stress. Greek members engage in more alcohol use, cigarette smoking, sexual partners, and sex under the influence of drugs or alcohol than the average college student (Scott-Sheldon & Carey, 2008). Prior to membership in Greek Life, pledges may experience high levels of stress and depression (Kase, Rivera & Hunt, 2016). Those who are pledging a fraternity could be under a significant amount of stress in anticipation that their personal characteristics are under review by DISTRESS AND SUPPORT IN COLLEGE POPULATIONS 6 active fraternity members. Students who were rushing a fraternity or sorority showed increases in depressed mood immediately following a negative outcome (Abela & Seligman, 2000). Many studies have shown that these groups are involved in more risky behaviors than non-members, but few studies have attempted to look at the benefits of joining these organizations. Most of the relevant literature supports the idea that belonging to an athletic team and being a member of Greek Life can create a positive atmosphere because of social support and friendships. However, no studies have compared these two groups in the same study to see if one group creates better mental health than the other. The current study will address these issues by obtaining a sample of Greek members, student-athletes, and students involved in neither of these groups, and compare their levels of stress, depression, and social support. If the study can show that one group might provide better mental health benefits than the others, real world application could involve advertising potential benefits of joining a fraternity or sorority, or to becoming involved in a team sport. Also, results will indicate whether any of the groups is at a greater risk for stress or depression. It is predicted all three groups of students will have similar levels of stress. It is also predicted that students not involved in team sports or Greek life will have higher levels of depression because of the comparative lack of social support. Consequently, it is predicted that student-athletes and members of Greek life will perceive more social support than the average college student.


N this paper, I will generalize the modified Newton method previously applied in Chow (1968) to the computation of full-information maximum likelihood estimates of parameters of a system of linear structural equations to the case of a system of nonlinear structural equations. The success of that method for linear systems 1 has stimulated my present attempt to generalize it for nonlinear systems. The subject of maximum likelihood estimation of nonlinear simultaneous equation systems has been studied by Eisenpress and Greenstadt (1966). There are three main differences between their approach and ours. First, their basic formulation is more general, assuming that all parameters in the system may appear in every equation,2 whereas we assume as the basic setup that there is a distinct set of parameters belonging to each equation. Second, partly because of the first, we are able to obtain simpler and more explicit expressions for the derivatives of likelihood function required in the calculations. Third, and also partly because of the first, we can conveniently deal with the important problem of linear restrictions on the parameters in the same equation or in different equations. A fourth feature of this paper, and a feature which has partly motivated it, is the contrast of the linear with the nonlinear case. As it will be shown, there are many similarities in the computations of both. This demonstration can enhance our understanding of the nature of the estimation equations. Two additional features of this paper are the treatments of identities in the system and of residuals which may follow an autoregressive scheme. We will derive in section II the estimation equations for nonlinear systems, under the assumptions that each structural equation contains a distinct set of parameters, that the parameters are not subject to any linear restrictions, and that the (additive) residuals are serially uncorrelated. Section III treats the special case when some equations are linear, and contrasts this case with the nonlinear case. Section IV deals with identities and linear restrictions on the parameters. Section V is concerned with the problem of autoregressive residuals.


Another series of programs discussing the richness of our Maltese language by analyzing various words, metaphors and idioms. We take a look at their origins and their relevance in the way we write and talk. Produced and presented by Celaine Buhagiar with resident guest Prof Charles Briffa.


The educational process envolves generally two basic factors: background and information. These factors help build individuals to face unusual situations, using creative and inovating spirit, as well as sharing knowledge, consolidate values and behaviors for new generations. In this context, the school libraries represent an crucial part of the process; supporting and turning possible the individual devolopment in society during his long academic life. The educational process integrated with libraries, schools and midia, interacts to foward and make acessible culture industry products, and leads to social transformations. Through a literature review, it's expected to discuss the importance of school library in the instruction and learning, and recuperate experiences on its social task in citizenship formation.


(Urolume®) over the stenotic bladder neck. The latter had been resected previously in the same session. As a second step, an artificial urinary sphincter (AMS-800®) was inserted at the bulbous Urethra. Both patients are fully continent to date, and can empty their bladders completely. The advantages of this treatment strategy for the patients outcome are discussed.


Recovery of grassland birds in agricultural landscapes is a global imperative. Agricultural landscapes are complex, and the value of resource patches may vary substantially among species. The spatial extent at which landscape features affect populations (i.e., scale of effect) may also differ among species. There is a need for regional‐scale conservation planning that considers landscape‐scale and species‐specific responses of grassland birds to environmental change. We developed a spatially explicit approach to optimizing grassland conservation in the context of species‐specific landscapes and prioritization of species recovery and applied it to a conservation program in Kentucky (USA). We used a hierarchical distance‐sampling model with an embedded scale of effect predictor to estimate the relationship between landscape structure and abundance of eastern meadowlarks (Sturnella magna), field sparrows (Spizella pusilla), and northern bobwhites (Colinus virginianus). We used a novel spatially explicit optimization procedure rooted in multi‐attribute utility theory to design alternative conservation strategies (e.g., prioritize only northern bobwhite recovery or assign equal weight to each species' recovery). Eastern meadowlarks and field sparrows were more likely to respond to landscape‐scale resource patch adjacencies than landscape‐scale patch densities. Northern bobwhite responded to both landscape‐scale resource patch adjacencies and densities and responded strongly to increased grassland density. Effects of landscape features on local abundance decreased as distance increased and had negligible influence at 0.8 km for eastern meadowlarks (0.7–1.2 km 95% Bayesian credibility intervals [BCI]), 2.5 km for field sparrows (1.5–5.8 km 95% BCI), and 8.4 km for bobwhite (6.4–26 km 95% BCI). Northern bobwhites were predicted to benefit greatly from future grassland conservation regardless of conservation priorities, but eastern meadowlark and field sparrow were not. Our results suggest similar species can respond differently to broad‐scale conservation practices because of species‐specific, distance‐dependent relationships with landscape structure. Our framework is quantitative, conceptually simple, customizable, and predictive and can be used to optimize conservation in heterogeneous ecosystems while considering landscape‐scale processes and explicit prioritization of species recovery.


Since the 1960s, Jan Gehl has been one of the most influential figures in the field of urbanism. Elaborating on the work of urban philosophers and activists such as Jane Jacobs, Gehl advocates the ...


We have demonstrated a very compact GaAs/AlGaAs wavelength-selective mirror notched microring resonators. This device has applications in second-order filtering, wavelength rejection filters and laser linewidth reduction.


The visual symptoms of Zn, Mn, B and Fe deficiencies in high-yielding cv. of wheat, rice, maize and sorghum are described and illustrated with colour photographs.-M.S.M.


Objective:To develop colloidal gold immunochromatographic(IC) method for rapidly detecting the concentration of Sodium Cholate.Methods: Sodium Cholate-BSA immunogen was obtained via carbodiimide method.Then the immunoantigen was injected into New Zealand rabbits to prepare the anti-sodium cholate polyclona antibody according to routine immunity procedure.The specific antibody of Bile acid natrium was identified by indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results: The sodium cholate-OVA antigen-colloidal gold compounds were made for test strip preparation.It was proved that the specificity of the antibody was 1 ∶ 80 000,and the detectability was 12 μg/mL by the method.Conclusion: Accordingly,IC test strip method is effective and sensitive for rapidly detecting sodium cholate,which will probably have a broad clinical application prospect.


Reports on the proliferation of virtual conferences that took place during the COVID-10 pandemic. Discusses the possibility of joining the two worlds of online and in-person conferences can be joined to create even better experiences in the future.


To enhance decision-making efficiency of intelligent command and control system in air-defense operation,the experts and specialists experience considered,it is applied fuzzy heuristic rules to improve intelligent command and control system decision-making model of rules and inferential methods. Through the program compute the air-defense operation decision output results,it is consistent with the actual combat the conclusion of decision-making. The method can reduce the fuzzy set rules quantity,the input vector and matrix dimension fuzzy. At the same time it can be improved the reasoning calculation speed,but not affect the ultimate decision-making output results.


Purpose
This study aims to prepare UV protection and hydrophobic fabric through modifying cotton fabric by graphene oxide and silane coupling agent. The graphene oxide and silane coupling agent (KH570) are anchored on the cotton fabric by a stable chemical bond.

Design/methodology/approach
Graphene oxide was prepared by modified Hummers method. The fabric sample was treated with graphene oxide and silane coupling agent KH570 using simple dipping-padding-drying method. The effects of the dosage of graphene oxide, silane coupling agent KH570 and curing temperature were determined by single variable experiment and orthogonal experiment, The UVA and UVB transmittances in ultraviolet light of the sample fabric were characterized, and the contact angle test method with water was used to indicate the hydrophobicity of the sample fabric. The structure and surface of the fabric were analyzed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy.

Findings
The cotton fabric was successfully modified by graphene oxide and silane coupling agent KH570. Compared with the untreated fabric, the surface of the fabric was smooth, and there was no gap on the fiber. The graphene oxide, silane coupling agent KH570 and cotton fabric combined tightly. The UPF value of the modified fabric was 50+, and the contact angle reached 138.1°. It had excellent UV protection and hydrophobic properties.

Research limitations/implications
Although graphene oxide and silane coupling agents KH570 had successfully endowed the cotton fabric with good UV protection and hydrophobic properties, graphene oxide and silane coupling agent KH570 are expensive and used in large quantities. There are certain limitations in the actual life and production process.

Practical implications
After treating with silane coupling agent, the hydrophilic fabric treated with graphene oxide is being translated into hydrophobic, and graphene oxide bonded with cotton. The modified fabrics also have excellent UV protection. This fabric can be used for outdoor sports such as clothes and tents.

Originality/value
Cotton fabric treated with graphene oxide generally by simple dip-dry-cure method is hydrophilic and graphene oxide is easy to drop. The usage of silane coupling agent KH570 as a crosslinking agent to link graphene oxide and cotton fibers has not been reported yet. The modified fabrics have both UV protection and hydrophobic properties.


Cuba is a country that is characterized by its high sporting demand, and women's soccer does not escape this particularity, so that the objectives of Sport Psychology focus on contributing to increasing the performance of both individual and sports teams. Starting from the novel motor laterality construct, the present work aims to characterize its behavior, taking into account its dimensions in order to obtain decisive information to help maintain and overcome sports results.


In order to obtain the premixed water jet peening strengthening amplification effect,research the effects of premixed water jet peening on surface micro hardness,surface residual stress and fatigue life of 2A11 aluminum alloy and 45 steel.The micro hardness tester and X-ray stress analyzer are used to respectively determine peened surface micro hardness and surface residual stress.The scanning electron microscope is used to observe the fatigue fracture morphology,then the change rules of peened surface micro hardness and surface residual press stress with the change of peening pressure,scanning velocity and target distance.It is indicated that the premixed water jet peening can greatly improve the fatigue life of 2A11 aluminum alloy and 45 steel,the fatigue life of peened specimens can respectively improve 25.31 and 18.56 times in comparison to unpeened specimens when the stress amplitude of 2A11 aluminum alloy and 45 steel is respectively 155.7 MPa and 282 MPa.The fatigue cracks of unpeened specimens initiate from the surface of specimens;but for peened specimens,some fatigue cracks initiate from the surface of specimens,others from inside of specimens,when the fatigue source is inside the specimen,cracks initiate at the inclusion.Therefore,the premixed water jet peening is an effective method to improve the fatigue life of metallic componens.


With the rapid proliferation of social media, increasingly more people express their opinions and reviews (user-generated content (UGC)) on recent news articles through various online services, such as news portals, forums, discussion groups, and microblogs. Clearly, identifying hot topics that users greatly care about can improve readers' news browsing experience and facilitate research into interaction analysis between news and UGC. Furthermore, it is of great benefit to public opinion monitoring and management for both industry and government agencies. However, it is extremely time consuming, if not impossible, to manually examine the large amount of available social content. In this article, we formally define the news comment alignment problem and propose a novel framework that: (1) automatically extracts topics from a given news article and its associated comments, (2) identifies and extends positive examples with different degrees of confidence using three methods (i.e., hypersphere, density, and cluster chain), and (3) completes the alignment between news sentences and comments through a weighted-SVM classifier. Extensive experiments show that our proposed framework significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods.


If literature is a map, then scholars and critics are surveyors and cartographers. Our task is to take new bearings and to draw new contours, not just to complete the work of our predecessors, but to determine where we have moved from those predecessors in relation to the landmarks that we study. As literary works recede into the past, some perspectives—immediacy of response and personal recollection, for example—become closed to us, but new perspectives open out. Critical studies of In Memoriam written during the last twenty-five years show us a poem more complex and serious than readers of the two previous generations would have been willing to accept, and a different kind of poem from the one that Tennyson's Victorian readers acclaimed. Yet despite the increasing sophistication of our map-making skills In Memoriam remains stubbornly puzzling, and the questions that puzzle its readers can be reduced to two: 'Is it possible to apprehend the In Memoriam sequence as a whole poem?' and 'What kind of poem is...


Shrinkage stress in dental composites varies significantly based on material formulation as well as polymerization shrinkage and modulus, which are clearly contingent on reactive group conversion. There is a lack of fundamental research to bring these parameters together to get a comprehensive understanding of stress development in composite materials. This study examined the effect of shrinkage and modulus on the development of shrinkage stress as a function of conversion and filler loading. In a model photocurable dimethacrylate-based resin with a silane-treated particulate barium glass filler. Degree of conversion was controllably varied over a wide range allowing detailed correlated comparisons of shrinkage, modulus and stress evolution. Filler loading was varied in steps between 0 wt% and 70 wt%. It was found that shrinkage increased nearly linearly with respect to double bond conversion, while for a given value of conversion, it decreased proportionally with increasing filler content. At the highest level of conversion, the unfilled resin (0 wt%) had the highest shrinkage of 6.46 ± 0.07 vol% at a conversion of 69.9 ± 0.1 %, while the 70 wt% filled sample had a shrinkage of 3.88 ± 0.06 vol% at a conversion of 65.0 ± 0.1 %. The highest modulus for the unfilled resin was 2.88 ± 0.44 GPa at a conversion of 75.0 ± 1.0 % while that for the 70 wt% composite was 6.75 ± 0.30 GPa at 69 ± 1.5 % conversion with the modulus values rising disproportionately rapidly for the highest filler loading. The highest stress level for the unfilled resin sample was 3.00 ± 0.12 MPa at 68.9 ± 0.1 % conversion while that for the 70 wt% sample was 2.88 ± 0.07 MPa at 57.8 ± 0.1 % conversion. The effect of filler loading was to hasten the development of modulus and stress as conversion 34 progressed. It was concluded that the stress was proportional to the modulus and shrinkage when the actual shrinkage of the polymer was considered by taking the volume fraction of filler into


Summary Many physiological processes of domestic animals exhibit daily rhythmicity. The goal of the present study was to investigate, in horses, the existence of the daily rhythms of some haematological parameters: red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBC), haemoglobin (Hb), haematocrit (Hct), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and platelets (PLT). Blood samples from 6 Thoroughbred mares were collected at 4-hour intervals for 48 hours (starting at 08:00 hours on day 1 and finishing at 04:00 on day 2) via an intravenous cannula inserted into the jugular vein. ANOVA showed a highly significant effect of time on haemoglobin and on haematocrit, in all the horses, on either day, with p values < 0.05. Cosinor analysis identified the periodic parameters and their acrophases (expressed in hours) during the 2 days of monitoring. RBC, Hb, Hct and MCV showed nycthemeral variations included between 17.44 and 22.28, which could suggest the hypothetical influence of various exogenous factors.


The 1948 "Literary and Artistic Movement" was a political rectification movement initiated by the left wing of the literary and artistic circles.Its main publication Popular Literary and Artistic Publication had tried to present itself as the "mainstream representative" and "orientation".Its declarative creed was characterized by a kind of document writing of the learning and responsive type.The problem of confusing learning with politics and that of "self-criticism" surpassing the rational limit as reflected in this Movement provided a special metaphorical perspective for reflections on modern problems of Chinese intellectuals.


Abstract Various studies have shown that dyslexics have difficulty in the perception and production of suprasegmental aspects. Word accent is considered to be a part of suprasegmental phonology. It is reported that both the children with a familial risk of dyslexia and those diagnosed with dyslexia showed more difficulty with word stress production in Dutch. In addition, the characteristics of dyslexia have been said to be similar to those in early reading. As a result, it is expected that children in early stages of reading would also have difficulty in word accent production. However, there have been few studies on the effect of word accent production on reading performance in Japanese, a language with a pitch accent. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether Japanese children with poor reading skills would show more difficulty with the production of word accent than those with proficient reading skills. The participants were 49 children from the ages of 5;0 to 6;7. The stimuli were nonfamiliar threesyllable words. A reading task and a word accent production task were used. In the reading task, children were asked to read each word as fast as possible. In the word accent production task, identical stimulus words were presented with three types of accent patterns: nonaccented, firstsyllable accented, and second-syllable accented. The participants were required to repeat them aloud. The results were as follows: In the reading task, the participants were divided into two groups; the letter-by-letter group and the fluent group. In the word accent production task, the mean number of words repeated correctly in the letter-by-letter group was lower than that of the fluent group for all types of accent patterns. In addition, a significant difference was observed between not only the nonaccented words and the first-syllable accented words, but also between the firstsyllable accented and the second-syllable accented for the letter-by-letter group. Meanwhile, for the fluent group, no significant difference was observed between the nonaccented and first-syllable accented words. These results suggest that the letter-by-letter group experience more difficulty with word accent production and are more strongly affected by the accent patterns than the fluent group.


The physical measurments of 22 school children of the Kamakura Seashor School in Kanagawa Prefecture were investigated from September 1948 to march 1949. And the correlation-coefficients were calculated between girth of upper arm and height, weight, chest circumference, gripe force, dorsal muscle force, vital capacity and standing broad-jump.The correlation-coefficients were all respectively positive, and their range were 0.4-0.9 The correlation-coefficient between girth of upper arm and weight was highest every months. And most of them were higher on november and january than on other months except that between girth of upper arm and chest circumference, while, they were lowest on February.


The immunogenetics of coeliac disease (CD) has advanced from "Bench to Bed" in the sense that HLA-DQ typing is now an established part of the diagnostic armamentarium. The configuration characteristics and the specificity of the HLA-DQ2, (1) -DQ8 (2, 3) and –DQ9 (4, 5) allow the binding of small peptides that cannot be further digested by the absence of specific human intestinal enzymes (6, 7). These peptides are derived from wheat (gliadins and glutenins), barley (hordeins), rye (secalins), oats (avenines) and hybrids of these grains, such as kamut and triticale and bind to HLA molecules, in


Abstract Let ϕ(z) ∈ (z) be a rational function of degree d ≥ 2 with ϕ(0) = 0 and such that ϕ does not vanish to order d at 0. Let α ∈ have infinite orbit under iteration of ϕ and write ϕn(α) = An/Bn as a fraction in lowest terms. We prove that for all but finitely many n ≥ 0, the numerator An has a primitive divisor, i.e., there is a prime p such that p | An and p ∤ Ai for all i < n. More generally, we prove an analogous result when ϕ is defined over a number field and 0 is a preperiodic point for ϕ.


BackgroundThe diagnosis and management of hair and scalp disorders presents a unique challenge for the physician. Dermoscopy has been utilized in recent years for the diagnosis of various hair and scalp diseases. ObjectiveTo evaluate the use of dermoscopy as a diagnostic tool for common hair disorders and its application in everyday practice. Patients and methodsThe present study included 127 patients with various hair disorders. Their clinical diagnoses were alopecia areata (AA) in 43 patients, androgenetic alopecia in 35 patients, scalp psoriasis in 21 patients, scalp seborrheic dermatitis in 14 patients, tinea capitis in 11 patients, and discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) in three female patients. Dermatoscopic examination was performed using a polarized-light handheld dermatoscope. ResultsIn AA clustered vellus hairs, black dots, tapered hairs, coudability hairs, and yellow dots were specific features, whereas in androgenic alopecia, greater than 20% hair diameter diversity and peripilar sign were specific. Interfollicular red dots were specific for psoriasis, whereas follicular red dots were specific for DLE. Arborizing blood vessels were features of DLE, seborrheic dermatitis, and psoriasis, in descending frequency. Comma-like hair was a specific feature of tinea capitis. White and brown dyscromia, reduction of follicular ostia, and blue dots were specific features for DLE. ConclusionDermoscopy may be useful in the differential diagnosis of AA, androgenetic alopecia, and tinea capitis. Specification of vascular patterns by dermoscopy can be valuable for the clinical differentiation of scalp psoriasis and seborrheic dermatitis. Dermoscopy may be useful in the evaluation of disease activity of DLE and AA by detecting features of activity and remission.


Objective To assess the impact of targeted left ventricular (LV) lead placement by realtime three-dimensional echocardiography on efficacy of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT).Methods A total of 48 CHF patients scheduled for CRT underwent baseline real-time three-dimensional echocardiography and were then randomized 1 ∶ 1 into 2 groups.In target group,the LV lead was positioned at the latest site.In control group patients standard unguided CRT were performed.LVESV,LVEF,Tmsv16-SD and △LVESV,△LVEF,△Tmsv16-SD would be compared at 6 months after CRT between two groups.Results Compared with the control,there was higher rates of LV lead position at the optimal site in the target group(P =0.022) and lower rates of LV lead position at the remote site(P =0.026).Target group were significant decrease in LVESV(P =0.043) and Tmsv16-SD(P =0.007),increase in LVEF (P =0.025).Compared with controls,there were significant increase in △LVESV,△LVEF,△Tmsv16-SD (P <0.05,respectively) in the target group.Conclusions It is feasible of targeted LV lead using real-time three-dimensional echocardiography,resulting in significantly improve CRT outcomes.The patients will get more benefits from CRT in this theory.

Key words:
Echocardiography, real-time three-dimensional;  Cardiac pacing, artificial;  Cardiac resynchronization therapy


The Introduction defines Late Egyptian and its inner phases, outlines the range of texts involved and the role of papyri and ostraca as their main vehicle and deals with the question of the reproduction of such texts (mainly written originally in cursive hieratic) in hieroglyphic transcription. Section i deals with the specific features of Late-Egyptian orthography, and use of the specialised "group-writing" for new words in Egyptian and for writing foreign words. Section 2 covers nouns, adjectives, determination by articles, possessives, participial constructions and numerals, before passing on to elementary sentence-formation where the simpler and basic verbal forms are introduced (imperative, infinitive narrative sdm.f etc.) and participles, prepositions and adverbs for good measure. Section 3 presents the basic Present and (III) Future tenses, the misnamed "nominal" sdm.f or emphasising verb-form, besides usage in "wish" forms and imperatives. Section 4 handles "nominal" sentences (strictly, verbless sentences), of all types. Section $ brings us to complex sentences, expression of subordinate clauses of various kinds, while Section 6 deals with sentences with preposed elements, and those that are often conditional ("if. . ., then . . .") or "bracketed". Section 7 is a supplement on oath-formulae, on weights and measures, and on the organisation of the workforce for the royal tombs that lived in Deir el-Medina from the remains of their archives


Exploring MoS2-based sulfur hosts with high performance is an effective strategy for promoting the extensive application of Li-S battery. Hence, the one-dimensional (1D) Co3S4/MoS2 nanorods (n-Co3S4/p-MoS2 NR) are prepared by...


Experiment teaching system in inorganic-nonmetal materials was constructed,which composites with materials professional basic experiment modules,materials professional experiment modules,materials comprehensive experiment modules.In the new experiment teaching framework,the comprehensive and designing experiments were strengthened,the method of experimental teaching was improved,the student abilities of experiments technique was promote and their innovation ability、innovation thinking ability was improved.


Objective: To assess quality of life and pain in patients with venous leg ulcers treated with acupuncture. Design: A multicenter, prospective, comparative, descriptive, controlled trial was conducted between May 2013 and April 2014. Settings: Three health care facilities in Brazil Patients: Eighty consecutive patients with venous leg ulcers were allocated to either the AC group (acupuncture treatment, n = 40) or control group (conservative treatment, n = 40). Most patients in both groups were women, Caucasians and smokers, with no significant differences between groups. The majority of patients had the ulcer from 6-10 years. Main Outcome Measures: Quality of life and pain were assessed at inclusion and after 3 and 6 weeks of treatment using the Flanagan Quality of Life Scale (FQOLS) and a visual analog scale (VAS), respectively. Results: After 3 weeks of treatment, VAS pain scores were significantly lower in the AC group compared with controls (P = 0.028), but not after 6 weeks of treatment (P = 0.597). A significant decrease in mean VAS pain scores (P < 0.001) was found in the AC group at 6 weeks (mean, 0.85) compared with baseline (mean, 6.55). Controls had significantly higher FQOLS scores (mean, 90.05) than patients in the AC group (mean, 73.15) at baseline, but not after 6 weeks of treatment (controls' mean score, 45.76; AC group's mean score, 85.58; P = 0.001). Conclusion: Patients treated with acupuncture experienced reduction in pain from baseline and better quality of life than controls after 6 weeks of therapy.


A special case of the cubic equation is shown to possess three unusually economical solutions. A minimal case associated with these solutions is then shown to yield a congruous set of numbers that fit the fine structure constant, the sines squared of the quark and lepton mixing angles, as well as the Weinberg angle. Had Renaissance mathematicians probed the cubic equation's solutions more deeply these numbers might have formed a well-known part of algebra from the 16th century.


This paper presents a novel optimal power flow (OPF) based approach for post-contingency management of severe congestions, aimed at maximizing lead time available to the network operators before the next contingency occurs. The approach first computes the maximum allowed overloading times for the congested transmission lines and transformers, using their dynamic thermal models. Afterwards, the OPF analysis is performed to identify the maximum lead time available to the network operator for managing post-contingency constraints and for devising and implementing the most efficient corrective actions. The corresponding OPF problem is modelled as a mixed-integer nonlinear optimization problem and solved using mixed-discrete particle swarm optimization (MDPSO) approach. The approach is illustrated on a modified IEEE 14-bus network and obtained results demonstrate that presented approach can manage considered constraints within the available lead time.


Based on big data analysis technology, Hadoop and Spark big data parallel computing framework and HDFS distributed file storage database, we can complete the construction of political science research application platform. The political science research application platform pays attention to data capture, data cleaning, analysis and mining, visual display and other operations on the public comments and related responses of the masses under the government open platform and the opinions and contents published by netizens under the media social platform, which are involved in public opinion surveys under the current network environment, so as to complete the description and analysis of political phenomena with the help of the unique advantages of big data technology, and realize the innovation of political science research methods and the expansion of research fields. At the same time, it also makes an innovative attempt for the scientific and standardized research of political science.


An examination of the behaviour of ions in graphene oxide membranes reveals the roles that surface charge, chemical make-up and structure have to play in influencing ion transport. New fabrication methods and novel applications that leverage these properties are described.


Electrospun thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) nanofibers are known to contract considerably (∼40%) on heating up to ∼90 °C. This study investigates this thermomechanical behavior and the TPU shape memory capabilities. The shape memory effect was first studied in TPU films as a model system by applying classical thermomechanical cycles (programming and recovery). The films were able to fix the applied deformation during long-term storage at room temperature, well above the material's calorimetric glass transition temperature and in the absence of a percolated structure of hard domains. Structural analysis (Fourier transform infrared, differential scanning calorimeter, and dynamic mechanical analysis) revealed broad thermal transitions indicating the presence of a mixed phase of hard segments dispersed in the soft segment matrix. Using a linear viscoelastic model together with time–temperature superposition, the shape memory effect was attributed to the thermoviscoelastic properties of TPU. In particular, the mixed phase was found to give rise to a very broad relaxation spectrum dominated by long relaxation times, which explains the suppression of strain recovery at room temperature. Finally, the electrospinning process was examined and was found to be similar to a programming cycle characterized by the strong elongation flow accompanied by massive solvent evaporation, whereas the contraction effect was interpreted as the recovery phase in a shape memory perspective. Thus, the contraction of electrospun TPU mats may be considered to be an electrospinning-induced shape memory effect. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2015, 53, 1590–1602


Nonlinear oscillations of a single-degree-of-freedom, parametrically-excited system are considered. The stiffness involves quadratic and cubic nonlinearities and models a shallow arch or buckled mechanism. The excitation frequency is assumed to be close to twice the natural frequency of the system. Approximate analytical techniques are applied to analyze some of the limit cycles and transitions of behavior


We present an extensive parameter survey of the influence of halo mass profiles on the development of tidal tails in interacting disk galaxies. We model the galaxies using a fixed exponential disk with a central bulge and vary the halo potential over a range of parameters using both the Hernquist and Navarro, Frenk, & White mass distributions, probing the effect of the halo mass, extent, and concentration. We examine the consistency of the results against both observational and theoretical constraints on halo profiles and comment on the failures and weaknesses of different models. A galaxy with a rising or flat rotation curve dominated by the halo is inhibited from forming a tidal tail unless the halo is abruptly cut off just beyond the disk edge. Conversely, models with declining rotation curves—resulting either from compact, low-mass halos or from massive disk components in low-concentration dark halos—produce tidal tails very similar to those observed in well-studied interacting systems. As argued by Springel & White, a unifying, quantitative relation for all cases is that the ratio of the escape velocity to the circular velocity at around the solar radius must be ve/vc ≲ 2.5 for tidal tails to be produced. The galaxy models that appear to fit most of the observational constraints are those that have disk-dominated rotation curves and low-concentration halos. We discuss our results in a cosmological context using recent studies that link halo properties to cosmological models.


C-type lectin domain family 9 member A (CLEC9A),also known as DC-NK lectin family receptor (DNGR-1),is a specific and universal marker,on human dendritic cell(DC)cell surface.By recognizing the exposed filaments CLEC9A can identify particular filamentous actin and bind damaged cells.This can mediat cell death associated antigen cross-presentation and cause a strong cytotoxic lymphocyte (CTL) response.Thus CLEC9A plays a role in immunity and anti-tumor effect.In recent years,there has been a great progress in research of CLEC9A.The structural function,expression of CLEC9A,and its anti-tumor ability and vaccine will be addressed stated in this review.

Key words:
C-type lectin domain family 9 member A;  Dendritic cells;  Cross presenting cell;  Tumor


Health conditions in Vranje during the Ottoman rule were similar to the situation in the rest of Serbia at that time with poor organized health services. People asked for help for the treatment of "hakims", barbers, doctors and selfeducated folk healers. In the stores that were out of control, in addition to other goods, many medicines, raw materials for making medicines and poisons could be procured from Greece and Turkey. In the 20th century people could still remember various balms, splash, teas, syrups and "madzun" that could be bought in the shops of that time. At the beginning of the 19th century in Vranje, as well as in Serbia, the only help for the sick was provided by Greek self-taught healers, "kaloijatri". There was a self-taught folk healer Mika Stosi who became known in Vranje as "hakim"Mika. "Hakim" Mika died in Constantinople in 1854, where he had gone in order to solve the national status for the Municipality of Vranje . He conveyed his knowledge to his sons Zafir and Dimitrije. Dimitrije was successfully practicing medicine for ten years after his father's death, until a prominent Turk child who was treated by Dimitrije died. Fearing that he would be blamed for the child's death, "hakim Dimitra " as he was called, committed suicide . A Turkish medical assistant Naum Markovi , who graduated from Medical School in Constantinople, came to Vranje in 1862 . Being a medical assistant (at that time a Turkish title "felcer" was used for this educational degree), he had the right to examine and treat patients and to prepare and sell medicines. In his twofloor house he opened an outpatient department and a pharmacy store where he prepared various preparations in the form of decocts and infusions and many others. Felcer Naum regularly went to Thessaloniki and Constantinople in order to supply his shop with the necessary materials and drugs of herbal, animal and mineral origin. The aim of this paper was to present the historical development of the first community pharmacy in Vranje with the focus on its personnel, legal conditions and pharmacy regulations from the second half of the 19th and the first half of the 20th century. The method of historical analysis was employed. Manual documentary analysis of original sources and desk research analysis from the secondary sources were conducted.


ABSTRACT The purpose of this article is to develop a deeper understanding of a negative behavior at work through a study of the lived experience of bullying in Australian workplaces. Although there is considerable research available on workplace bullying, extant research largely provides empirical examinations of the prevalence, causes, and consequences of the phenomenon. By contrast, the research herein reported offers an in-depth account of bullying from the frame of reference of those who have experienced it and demonstrates the difficulties faced by them when coping with it. The study's data source is drawn from reports submitted to the Australian Parliamentary Inquiry on workplace bullying. The reports were analyzed by using the principles of interpretative phenomenological analysis. The study highlights the impact of bullying at work on individuals' lives and the coping mechanisms used for dealing with the impact. This article also reveals that bullying destroys organizations' succession planning efforts as competent and talented individuals leave jobs as a way of coping with bullying. The study further shows that some individuals eventually choose to end their lives as a way of coping with bullying. The article thus adds evidence to anecdotal suggestions of the link between bullying and suicide in Australia.


The replication process is presented and discussed with emphasis on methods for microstructural tailoring of open-pore microcellular aluminium-based foams, highlighting methods it offers for control of principal foam mesostructural and microstructural parameters: pore volume fraction, pore shape, pore size(s), as well as the composition and microstructure of the metal making the foam.


The use of high‐definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD‐tDCS) has shown analgesic effects in some chronic pain patients, but limited anti‐nociceptive effects in healthy asymptomatic subjects.


e18619Background: Novel treatments have been approved for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to improve patient outcomes; however, their high costs could pose significant barriers to their...


Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is an autosomal dominant disorder that is caused by mutations in β-myosin heavy chain and myosin-binding protein C. In young athletes, HCM is the most common cause of sudden cardiac death. This article provides a brief overview on risk factors, genetic implications, clinical presentation, and management of HCM. Abstract Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a genetic autosomal dominant disorder of the heart muscle that is characterized by left ventricular hypertrophy and sudden cardiac death. It is the most common inherited cardiac disease. HCM is defined by sarcomeric mutations that result in fibrosis of the heart, affecting contraction. In most cases, clinical presentations can range from asymptomatic to systolic and diastolic ventricular dysfunction, arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. Some histopathologic features typical of the disease are changes in myocyte disarray and myocardial fibrosis. Mutations in the β-myosin heavy chain and myosin-binding protein C have been identified as the cause of the disease. The goals of pharmacological therapy as well as nonpharmacological therapy are to alleviate the symptoms and to prevent sudden cardiac death. Anatomical defects are treated primarily by surgical intervention, whereas other issues such as hypercontractility are treated with pharmacotherapy. In this article, we review the pathophysiology and treatment options for HCM.


The financial data time series of a university contain important information of its resource allocation and developing trends, which can be revealed in their distinctive patterns. This work uses selective subsequence time series clustering based on motifs to discovery financial subsequence patterns in Chinese universities. The research finds out interesting patterns in eight university categories. The results can be used for guiding decision-making and forecasting the effects of decisions.


General pattern of growth and reproduction of a population of Clethrionomys gapperi in winter and spring was studied at Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Subnivean growth was slow throughout winter and spring. After loss of snow cover in first week of April weight increased by about 30 percent in one month when first pregnancies occurred. Young of the year had not been captured as of the first week in June. Adaptive values suggested by others for this pattern of growth and reproduction are mentioned.


A unique photonic crystal fiber with square and circular air holes (SC-PCF) is designed in this research. Three layers of circular air holes and two levels of square air holes make up the fiber cladding. The finite element approach is used to simulate the fiber construction, and numerical calculations are used to examine the transmission properties in the S+C+L band. The results reveal that the SC-PCF can sustain 86 Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) modes in the wavelength range of 1400 nm to 1700 nm (300 nm), with an effective refractive index difference (ERID) of 5.88 × 10−3 between them, thus avoiding mode coupling. The mode purity of all modes is greater than 96% at 1550 nm, and the lowest dispersion and dispersion change are 4.939 ps/nm/km and 0.956 ps/nm/km, respectively. The confinement loss (CL) of all modes is lower than 10−9 dB/m, and the nonlinear coefficient (NC) is lower than 1.5 W−1·km−1 in the whole band. The proposed SC-PCF has important value in long-distance and large-capacity communication systems.


Certain individuals start companies pulled by opportunity, others are pushed by necessity. We propose a novel methodology identifying necessity entrepreneurs based on their ex-ante risk of being unemployed holding the opportunity motive constant. Using a rich dataset of startup founders in life sciences, we show that, as unemployment rate increases, the fraction of necessity entrepreneurs rises. This finding is driven by deteriorating employment conditions reducing expected returns from wage work and not by necessity entrepreneurs crowding-out opportunity entrepreneurs when unemployment is high. Additionally, startups entirely founded by necessity entrepreneurs show worse financial and innovative performance than startups founded by at least one opportunity entrepreneur. Finally, having necessity entrepreneurs as founders explains at least seven percent of the negative effect unemployment has on startups' performance. Necessity Never Made a Good Bargain: External Conditions, Entrepreneurial Motives, and Startup Outcomes


Atutov and Shalagin (1988) proposed light-induced drift (LID) as a physically well understandable mechanism to explain the formation of isotopic anomalies observed in CP stars. We generalized the theory of LID and applied it to diffusion of heavy elements and their isotopes in quiescent atmospheres of CP stars. Diffusional segregation of isotopes of chemical elements is described by the equations of continuity and diffusion velocity. Computations of the evolutionary sequences for abundances of mercury isotopes in several model atmospheres have been made using the Fortran 90 program SMART, composed by the authors. Results confirm predominant role of LID in separation of isotopes.


It is suit to the special situation and the future trend of western rural compulsory education development to develop the rural primary boarding school.In the process of promoting the development of western rural compulsory education,the quantity of the rural primary boarding school has increased,however,the management and the quality also have a series of problems.The western rural primary boarding school must be clear about the developmental direction and adopt the effective strategy of school administration and the development to promote the western countryside student to obtain the healthy and comprehensive development.


Objective:To explore the intervention effect Ginkgo biloba extract on proliferative diabetic retinopathy after vitrectomy macular retinal thickness changes.Methods:Selected randomized control study,30 cases of retinal detachment 30 eyes were divided into the Ginkgo biloba extract treatment group and control group.Application of optical coherence tomography to observe patients for 1,2,3,4 and 8 weeks.Results:After 3 weeks Ginkgo biloba group had significant changes in macular retinal thickness,but the control group after 8 weeks had changed significantly.Conclusion:Ginkgo biloba could promote proliferative diabetic retinopathy after vitrectomy regression of retinal edema,protect visual function.


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An ilmenite deposit in Datan of Gansu Province, with characteristics of simple component, huge scale and low grade, is a magma liquation deposit. Four times of dressing tests prove that the useful part of the ore is easy to be separated. Using magnetic\|flotation separation process, the recovery rate can be up to 75.12% and the concentrate grade (of TiO\-2) reaches 48.22%. The research on the ore component and mineral occurrence state of the deposit will provide a basis for its development and utilization.


Why do we enjoy scaring ourselves? Why do some of the largest industries in the world--books, films, television, toys and games--depend so crucially on ghouls, ghosts and zombies? Walter Kendrick provides an answer with this authoritative history of 250 years of horror as entertainment.


The electron microscopic bismuth staining method of Locke and Huie (16) was applied to the nucleoli of dictyate-stage growing mouse oocytes. After bismuth staining following glutaraldehyde fixation (GA-Bi staining), bismuth was largely localized in the fibrillar centers and the adjoining zones of dense fibrillar components not only in the nucleoli of growing oocytes during the unilaminar, bilaminar and plurilaminar follicle stages, but also in the nucleoli of mature antral-follicular oocytes. These results suggest that the materials stained with the GA-Bi method in the nucleoli of mouse oocytes may have no direct correlation with the transcriptional activity of ribosomal DNA.In the nucleoli of antral follicular oocytes, the large spherical bodies, consisting of condensed fibrillar components, were unstained with GA-Bi staining but densely stained with bismuth following formaldehyde fixation (FA-Bi staining). This fact suggested the presence of nuclear basic proteins such as histones and protamines in these nucleolar bodies.


The invention relates to the field of autoimmune disease treatment based on lymphocyte B-stimulated factor receptor-antibody fusion protein, in particular to application of optimized TACI (Transmembrane Activator and CAML Interactor)-Fc fusion protein in the preparation of medicaments for treating rheumatoid arthritis. The medicament provided by the invention can be safely and effectively used for treating rheumatoid arthritis, and is beneficial to lowering the cost of such recombinant protein medicaments, thereby being suitable for industrial popularization and application.


In this article, several applications of materials in food packaging and food safety are reviewed, including: polymers as high barrier packaging materials, natural substances as potent antimicrobial agents, and the efficiency of antimicrobial films in food industry. Active antimicrobial food packaging systems are supposed not only to passively protect food products against environmental factors, but also to inhibit or retard microbial growth on the food surface, extending the shelf life of products. Edible films can be incorporated into conventional food packaging systems with a dual purpose as an edible and antimicrobial component. Applications of antimicrobial films to fruits, vegetables and meat products have received increasing interest because films can serve as carriers for various natural antimicrobials that can maintain fresh quality, extend product shelf life and reduce the risk of pathogen growth. In the future, eco-friendly antimicrobial packaging films are promising food packaging materials because its biodegradability provides sustainable development for a modern community. In this article, several applications of materials in food packaging and food safety are reviewed, including: polymers as high barrier packaging materials, natural substances as potent antimicrobial agents, and the efficiency of antimicrobial films in food industry. Active antimicrobial food packaging systems are supposed not only to passively protect food products against environmental factors, but also to inhibit or retard microbial growth on the food surface, extending the shelf life of products. Edible films can be incorporated into conventional food packaging systems with a dual purpose as an edible and antimicrobial component. Applications of antimicrobial films to fruits, vegetables and meat products have received increasing interest because films can serve as carriers for various natural antimicrobials that can maintain fresh quality, extend product shelf life and reduce the risk of pathogen growth. In the future, eco-friendly antimicrobial packaging films are promising food packaging materials because its biodegradability provides sustainable development for modern community.


: This paper presents a novel squirrel search algorithm to search the solution for optimal power flow problem with installation of TCSC device and the effect of equality, inequality constraints on it. In this algorithm squirrels use a special technique for their locomotion known as gliding rather than flying. The viability of this algorithm proves that SSA deals with a better accuracy in the solution when compared over other well known algorithms. Hence SSA method is effective for solving optimization problem and can be applied to optimize the electrical power system objectives. This paper deals with the improvement of bus voltages and also to minimize single objective functions i.e., generation fuel cost and emission with incorporated TCSC by fulfilling the equality and inequality constraints. IEEE-30 bus system has been tested using proposed method and results will be analyzed, compared with existing algorithms.


Acute severe hyperkalemia can present as acute paraplegia independent of cardiac effects, even though cardiac muscle is more sensitive to serum potassium changes. We managed a patient with acute hyperkalemic paralysis who did not have threatening cardiac/electrocardiographic manifestations. The limb weakness became normal after hemodialysis.


An arithmetic word problem typically includes a textual description containing several constant quantities. The key to solving the problem is to reveal the underlying mathematical relations (such as addition and subtraction) among quantities, and then generate equations to find solutions. This work presents a novel approach, Quantity Tagger, that automatically discovers such hidden relations by tagging each quantity with a sign corresponding to one type of mathematical operation. For each quantity, we assume there exists a latent, variable-sized quantity span surrounding the quantity token in the text, which conveys information useful for determining its sign. Empirical results show that our method achieves 5 and 8 points of accuracy gains on two datasets respectively, compared to prior approaches.


Congestion is one of the major problems in today's internet. So for managing traffic and to keep the network stable, Congestion Control algorithms are used. Queuing is one of the important method in traffic management system. This paper gives a comparative analysis of three queuing mechanisms Droptail, Random Early Detection and Non Linear Random Early Detection on the basis of various performance parameters like throughput and packet drop. The simulation results show that NLRED has a superior quality than other mechanisms.


Central arterial compliance decreases drastically after menopause. Regular intake of soy isoflavone and aerobic exercise increase arterial compliance. The equol is a metabolite of isoflavone daidzein by gut microbiome. We determined whether the equol producing status affects aerobic exercise-induced improvement in carotid arterial compliance. Forty-three postmenopausal women were assigned to two intervention groups: 1) exercise and isoflavone (Ex + Iso, n=27) or 2) isoflavone interventions (Iso; n=16). Participants of the Ex + Iso intervention group completed an 8-week aerobic exercise training, and all participants were administered with oral isoflavone supplements during the interventions. The equol-producing status (equol producers or non-producers) were determined from urine equol concentrations after a soy challenge. In the Ex + Iso intervention group, carotid arterial compliance increased in the equol producers (0.084±0.030→0.117±0.035 mm2/mmHg) but not in the non-producers (0.089±0.028→0.097±0.026 mm2/mmHg) after the intervention (interaction effect; p<0.05). The magnitude of increases in carotid arterial compliance was significantly greater in the equol producers than in the non-equol producers (p<0.05). In the isoflavone intervention group, there were no changes in any parameters after the intervention irrespective of the equol status. These results suggest that equol-producing status is obligatory to aerobic exercise training-induced improvements in central arterial compliance in postmenopausal women.


What attitude did take Jean Bodin in the face of the confessional conflict that ravaged France during the sixteenth century? What answers did he offer to the challenge of tolerance? These are the questions that guide our inquiry. According to our thesis, in fact, Bodin's answers seem to have been postulated mainly on two planes: the political and the philosophical. In the first, the Angevin would have tried to offer better juridical foundations to the position of the politiques , group of intellectuals who looked for intercede between Huguenots and Catholics; in the second, it would have propitiated the dialogue of savants , the only men capable of deposing the passions when discussing their religious differences. Through the analysis of two important writings of the author, Les six livres de la Republique (1576) and the Colloque entre sept savants (c.1593), we will seek to support our reading hypothesis.


Ectopic hamartomatous thymomas (EHT) is an extremely rare disorder. We report herein on a case of EHT occurring in the neck with a review of the literature. A 35 -year-old man first noticed a swelling in his left cervical region at the beginning of March, 2005 , and he came for a checkup in our department in March. In the initial examination, palpation revealed a 3 × 5 cm soft mass with a somewhat indistinct border in the left supraclavicular area. There was no subjective symptom except swelling, and palpation revealed no anomaly in the cervical lymph nodes, and no other lesion was seen in the head and neck area. A tumor was present between the sternocleidomastoid muscle and the left lobe of the thyroid gland, and the MRI imaging did not show any involvement of the thyroid gland. We performed a tumorectomy under general anesthesia. There was a tumor right under the sternocleidomastoid, there was no adhesions seen at the periphery of the tumor, and tumor removal went smoothly. The histological diagnosis was an ectopic hamartomatous thymoma. In 1984 , Rosai et al. proposed the concept of the EHT as a lesion having the character of both a hamartoma and a tumor also comprising cervical ectopic thymic tissue. No recurrence has been reported in cases where the tumor has been totally extirpated. In our present case, no recurrence has been seen in a 7 -year postoperative follow-up.


The emergence of Chinese business conglomerates in recent decades has spurned a lot of interesting literature in the field of Chinese business. Much...


Androgen insensitivity syndrome, also known as testicular feminization syndrome is an X linked recessive disorder, a condition resulting from an end organ resistance to androgens (particularly testosterone). Affected individuals are genotypically male with 46XY karyotype but with a female phenotype. Incidence being 1in 20000-60000 live births. It is most common cause of male psuedohermophroditism and 3 rd most common cause of amonorrhoea. 2 We are reporting a case of 47 years female patient, presented with left inguinal hernia at the age of 47yrs. Patient had primary amennorrhoea. Physical examination showed absence of axillary hair and sparse pubic hair. Per vaginal examination revealed blind vagina, uterus and cervix could not be made out. USG pelvis showed absence of uterus and ovaries and well defined isoechoic round to oval structures in right and left inguinal regions. Histopathology of excised specimen of bilateral inguinal swellings showed testes with atrophied and hyalinised seminiferous tubules with dense leydig cell hyperplasia. Left testes showed a sertoli cell nodule. The diagnosis of Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome was made based on gynecological examination, ultrasonography and histopathology. Patients can be helped to achieve an excellent quality of life as a female by multispeciality approach. Prognosis is favourable if psychological support and counseling are appropriate.


The role of parliamentarian is ill-defined. There is no job description and no agreement between MPs and the electorate to help shape reasonable expectations. In addition, todays parliamentarians are subjected to scrutiny by an insomniac media which, in many instances, is more interested in entertaining and titillating the consumers of its product than in rigorous, balanced reporting. This article suggests that education and training providers need to pay greater attention to the lack of role clarity experienced by MPs, their unpreparedness for what is a unique occupation, and the increasing demands being placed on them through social and traditional media.


Objective To explore the effect of dexamethasone (DEX) on the expression of aquaporin 8 (AQP8) in human Wish cells.Methods Human Wish cells were cultured,then were treated with Dexamethasone for 48 hours at the concentration of 1μg/mL,10μg/mL,20μg/mL,40μg/mL, 100μg/mL(the test group).Human Wish cells were not treatment with Dexamethasone as the control group.The variation expression of aquaporin 8 mRNA and protein in Wish cells were observed by immunofluoresecnce chemistry,RT-PCR and Western blot.Results The expression of aquaporin 8 mRNA and aquaporin 8 protein in the test group was increased compared with those in the control group. When the concentration of dexamethasone was 40μg/mL,the expression of aquaporin 8 mRNA and protein was in the peak and had a significant difference compared with that in the control group (P0.05).Conclusion Dexamethasone could increase the expression of aquaporin 8 mRNA and aquaporin 8 protein in human Wish cells,and provide a new way for treating abnormal capacity of amniotie fluid.


The Platform for Cybertaxonomy (http://www.cybertaxonomy.org) is a standards-based open-source software framework covering the breadth of the taxonomic workflow, from fieldwork to publication (Ciardelli et al. 2009). It provides coupled tools for full, customized access to taxonomic data, editing and management, and collaborative team work. At the core of the platform is the Common Data Model (CDM, Müller et al. 2017), offering a comprehensive information model covering all relevant data domains: names and classifications, descriptive data (morphological and molecular), media, geographic information, literature, specimens, types, persons, and external resources.
 Platform compliant software interacts via services and includes the following components:

 CDM Server

 Taxonomic Editor Rich Client

 Web-based editors

 Drupal-based and highly configurable portal software

 Map services and map viewer

 Xper2 descriptive data editor

 Specimen search tool

 Import and export modules

 CDM Server
 Taxonomic Editor Rich Client
 Web-based editors
 Drupal-based and highly configurable portal software
 Map services and map viewer
 Xper2 descriptive data editor
 Specimen search tool
 Import and export modules
 Recent platform-based developments include software components for deriving formal species-level descriptions from measurements on individual specimens (Henning et al. 2018) as well as a registration system for nomenclatural acts of algae (Phycobank, https://www.phycobank.org/). Currently, about 30 portals with regional and taxonomic foci are using the Platform for Cybertaxonomy as their technical basis for capturing, managing, and publishing biodiversity data over the World Wide Web. Prominent examples are the Euro+Med Plantbase, the International Caryophyllales Network, and the Flora of Greece.


ABSTRACT The purpose of the present study was to investigate if we could improve retention by redesigning an online programming course from a gender perspective, while maintaining the focus on preferable and sustainable learning approaches. The study builds on results from an earlier study that investigated the relationship between approaches to learning and course completion and involves 1067 students that responded to the short version of the Approaches and Study Skills Inventory for Students (ASSIST) in 2010, 2012 and 2013. Three principles for course material design were identified; gender neutral and non-biased messages, emphasize the interdisciplinary approach and link to everyday examples. Responses to ASSIST were analysed in relation to performed changes in the course literature from a gender perspective. The probability to complete the course increased with 7% points for all students, in particular for men, and decreased for students with a high score in surface approach to learning, especially among women.


This study was conducted to examine the low temperature effects on photosynthesis of two Phalaenopsis hybrids 'Hwasu 3551'(HS) and 'White – Red Lip'(WR) at different plant age. Micropropagated clones were acclimated for 4 weeks. After acclimation, plants were grown in a growth chamber at 28/26 o C(HT). Plants were transferred to 21/19 o C(LT) after 0, 2, and 4 months of cultivation at HT, and plant age was 1, 3, and 5 month – old, respectively. The photoperiod was provided by 12 hours with PPF at 110±10 μ mol·m -2 ·s -1 (06:00 – 18:00 HR). Vegetative growth and diurnal CO 2 uptake rate of plants maintained at HT or transferred to LT were measured and compared each other. With all conditions, two Phalaenopsis hybrids showed CAM pathway, which was divided into Phase I to IV by CO 2 exchange. When plants were transferred to LT, daily total net CO 2 uptake and growth rate decreased. In 3 month-old plants transferred to LT, CO 2 uptake rate during phase III decreased to -1.36 and -0.60 μ mol·m -2 ·s -1 in HS and WR(CO 2 leakage), respectively. CO 2 leakage during Phase III induced significant decrease of daytime total net CO 2 uptake, and vegetative growth rate decreased. In addition, when 3 month-old plants were transferred to LT, the number of new leaves significantly decreased. However, when 5 month – old plants were transferred to LT, decrease of number of new leaves were not observed and only leaf length decreased. These results indicated that low temperature effect on vegetative growth and photosynthesis were small in 5 month – old plant, and vegetative growth was maintained. This approach could be helpful for establishing schedule or improving strategy in Phalaenopsis cultivation with energy cost saving.


Abstract Biomedical implants such as prosthetic hips and heart stents and instruments used in vivo all have negative performance issues. A common solution, which can also be appropriate for other devices, is to apply a diamond-like carbon thin film in order to enhance the performance of the devices. The films were produced by pulsed laser deposition and characterised by Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, ball on flat tribometry, contact angle measurements and spectrophotometry. The stability of the films was checked by soaking in simulated body fluid (SBF). The root mean square surface roughness was found to be <1 nm, and a coefficient of friction of 0·08 was produced in a lubricated environment. Contact angles ranged from 65 to 88°. The coatings produced on fused silica had high transparency and showed no delamination after 43 weeks of immersion in SBF. These films have potential to enhance the performance of biomedical implants and instruments.


In the mid 19t h c e n t u ry the Spanish diplomat Sinibaldo de Mas, after spending a period in the territory of Macao where he formulated his theories about the Iberian Peninsula, wrote a book which is consi dered to be a decisive contribution for the diffusion of the Iberian issue. This work that supported a peaceful union between Portugal and Spain under a common monarchy, was published five times in Spain and three times in Portugal. Latino Coelho and Carlos Jose Caldeira played an i m p o rtant role in the co-ordination of the Portuguese editions of the Iberia, as well as in the organisation of other activities promoting the association of the two Iberian States, events in which Sinibaldo de Mas


Abstract : Each year, common musculoskeletal injuries disable Soldiers and result in millions of medical encounters, lost or restricted duty days, and significant medical costs. A top threat to military readiness, these are largely thought to be preventable injuries associated with overuse, sports, and physical training. To assess current injury prevention (IP) knowledge and interests and identify IP topics where awareness is lacking, an anonymous, voluntary electronic survey was disseminated via Army venues July-August 2014. Data collected included respondent demographics, job roles, awareness of injuries, risk factors, interventions, perceptions regarding leadership, and desired IP materials. Of 685 respondents, 77% were military and over half (52%) were in medical fields. Respondents requested IP information for specific activities, especially running (76%), weight training (68%), agility/calisthenics/stretching (68%), and extreme conditioning programs (60%). Respondents highlighted concerns regarding lack of unit level leadership awareness and prioritization of IP in daily operations and training. Medical respondents also noted medical profile inconsistencies as contributors to delayed rehabilitation and re-injury. The results suggest that lack of awareness may be a key barrier to IP. To reduce injury, educational materials must target actionable audiences to increase knowledge and correct misinformation regarding risk factors and effective interventions.


The entanglement concentration processes for unknown and known non-maximally spin-entangled states are investigated with the aid of intraparticle path–spin hybrid entanglement based on quantum entanglement swapping. The results indicate that the maximally entangled state can be gained with a certain probability by applying operations at local region and classical communication. There is no collective measurement at the end of the realization process, which makes our schemes more efficient to administer.


Purpose: To investigate the effect of lncRNA-ATB on the proliferation and invasion of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, and its mechanism of action.
Methods: LncRNA-ATB mRNA levels in carcinoma tissues and normal adjacent tissues of 38 NSCLC patients in Peking University Shougang Hospital were determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Human NSCLC A549 cell line was divided into control and lncRNA-ATB inhibition (si-ATB) groups, respectively. The proliferation and invasion of cells in each group were assessed. Subsequently, the effect of lncRNA-ATB inhibition on the growth of NSCLC cells was evaluated by subcutaneous tumor formation assay.
Results: The expression of lncRNA-ATB was significantly higher in carcinoma tissues than in normal adjacent tissues in NSCLC patients. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay results showed that si-ATB group displayed a weakened ability of the cells to proliferate (p < 0.05). Furthermore, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) replication ability was weaker in si-ATB group than in the control group. Wound healing assay results showed that the migration ability of cells in the si-ATB group was lower than that in the control group. Also, lncRNA-ATB knockdown inhibited the invasion ability of human NSCLC cells (p < 0.05). Tumor formation assay data indicate that lncRNA-ATB knockdown significantly repressed the subcutaneous tumor formation ability of NSCLC cells. Furthermore, lncRNA-ATB knockdown in NSCLC cells up-regulated miR-200a, miR-200b and miR-200c.
Conclusion: The expression level of LncRNA-ATB is elevated in carcinoma tissues of NSCLC patients, and its knockdown suppresses the proliferation and invasion of NSCLC cells by up-regulating miR-200s. This finding suggests that it is a potential strategy for the management of NSCLC patients.


This study reports for the first time the GC-MS analyses of the chemical constituents present in the essential oil extracted by hydrodistillation from fresh leaves of the tropical plant Justiciasecunda Vahl. The results reveal that the oil is rich in polyunsaturated or polyenoic fatty acid methyl esters with wellknown biological activities. The fatty acid esters account for 46.66% of the compounds detected with the most abundant being 9, 12, 15Octadecatrienoic acid, methyl ester (36.56%). The other compounds of significant quantity identified are 9-Octadecenamide (7.12%), E-14-Hexadecenal (6.3%), Trifluoroacetoxy hexadecane (6.00%), 1-Heptadecene (5.68%), Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (Methyl Palmitate) (5.06%), 9, 12Octadecadienoic acid, methyl ester (4.33%), Phytol acetate (3.40%).These compounds were identified by comparing their mass spectra with fragmentation patterns of standards available in the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST2.0) and WILEY 7 libraries.


Revised and translated version of 2009 JPCL Short Note (The History and Future of Patua in Paria: Report on Initial Language Revitalization Efforts for French Creole in Venezuela (Short Note)); translated into Spanish by Nicole Roberts and Diego Mideros http://uwispace.sta.uwi.edu/dspace/handle/2139/7109


The relatively nearby (distance = 24.1 Mpc) elliptical galaxy NGC 821, hosting a central massive black hole but inactive at all wavelengths, was observed with Chandra for a total exposure time of 230 ks in order to search for nuclear emission and gas available for accretion. Within its optical image, 41 sources were detected, with spectral properties typical of low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs). The fractions of LMXBs in the field and in globular clusters were determined, together with their X-ray luminosity function (XLF), down to L(0.3-8 keV) = 2 × 1037 ergs s-1. At the galactic center a source of L(0.3-8 keV) = 6 × 1038 ergs s-1 was detected for the first time, slightly extended. Its spectral shape is quite hard (Γ = 1.49), without intrinsic absorption. It is surrounded by three sources with spectral shapes typical of LMXBs and luminosities on the brightest end of the XLF. One is consistent with being pointlike; the others could be the superposition of a few point sources and/or truly diffuse emission, with one resembling a jetlike feature. Diffuse emission was detected out to R ~ 30′′ and comes mostly from unresolved LMXBs, with a minor contribution from other types of stellar sources. Different lines of investigation consistently provide no evidence for hot gas. Hydrodynamical simulations show that stellar mass losses are driven out of NGC 821 in a wind sustained by Type Ia supernovae, but also hot accreting gas within a very small inner region. A companion paper presents further observational results from Spitzer and the Very Large Array (VLA), and possible accretion modalities for this central massive black hole.


Given the central role of protein synthesis in cellular function, it is likely that intricate mechanisms exist to detect and respond to amino acid deprivation. However, the current understanding of amino acid‐dependent control of gene expression in mammalian cells is limited. A few examples of enzymes, transporters, and unidentified mRNA species subject to amino acid availability have been reported and some examples are summarized here, Each example chosen — asparagine synthetase, system A transport activity, and ribosomal protein L17 — are associated with different aspects of amino acid metabolism, and therefore reflect the spectrum of metabolic pathways influenced by substrate control. Most of the data accumulated thus far suggest that a general control response exists such that these various activities are induced when any one of several amino acids becomes limiting. Consistent with observations in yeast, it appears that the degree of tRNA acylation and its resultant effect on protein synthesis may play an important role in initiating the starvation signal. De novo protein synthesis is required for starvation‐dependent increases in several mRNA species, which suggests that the amino acid signaling pathway is composed of a series of intermediate steps before activation of specific structural genes.— Kilberg, M. S., Hutson, R. G., Laine, R. O. Amino acid‐regulated gene expression in eukaryotic cells. FASEB J. 8: 13‐19; 1994.


An experimental study on night ventilation was carried out in Harbin to improve thermal environment in office rooms.Some physical data were measured continuously,such as indoor air temperature and outdoor air temperature.At the same time,the relative humidity and surface temperature were tested.The results showed that for the northern office rooms,the length of operation time of air conditioner was reduced by 2.75 hours per day,with using night ventilation technology.And thus the energy could be saved 4.95KWh per day.The operation fees could decrease 0.073 yuan per square meter per day for the whole office building.And the principle of night ventilation was given.


A surface errors (surface roughness, flatness and parallelism) measuring method that employs multiple fiber-optic sensors with data fusion is proposed, and a measurement system based on the method is developed. The measure principle of surface roughness、flatness and parallelism errors is described. The design of the circuit of optic-electronic detection is presented. The related measuring experiment shows that this surface errors measurement method has a advantage of simultaneous and fast measurement of multiple surface errors and provides a new approach for measuring surface errors.


Apatite grains recovered from Cretaceous and Tertiary core and cuttings samples from onshore and offshore exploration wells give mixed FT age populations that are difficult to interpret and model using conventional FT methods. Elemental data indicate that older FT ages are associated with apatite grains that have elevated abundances of elements (e.g. Fe, Mg, Cl) that make them more track-retentive (i.e. higher annealing temperatures) than fluorapatite (Ca10(PO4)6F2), the most common form of apatite. Therefore, new methods of analysis were required to characterize and model this complicated, compositionally-variable suite of samples. Elemental data were used to calculate an rmro parameter (Ketcham et al., 1999) for each analyzed apatite grain that permitted grouping of sample FT age and length data into different kinetic populations for modelling FT annealing. Typical ranges for average rmro values (0.73-0.83) indicate that temperatures for total FT annealing for different kinetic populations vary by tens of degrees Celsius. Thus, each kinetic population (typically two or three per sample) behaves as an independent thermochronometer that is sensitive to different parts of the thermal history.


In this paper we study the evolutions of the interfaces between
gases and the vacuum for both inviscid and viscous one dimensional
isentropic gas motions. The local (in time) existence of solutions
for both inviscid and viscous models with initial data containing
vacuum states is proved and some singular properties on the free
surfaces separating the gas and the vacuum are obtained. It is
found that the Euler equations are better behaved near the vacuum than
the compressible Navier-Stokes equations. The Navier-Stokes
equations with viscosity depending on density are introduced,
 which is shown to be well-posed (at least
locally) and yield the desired solutions near vacuum.


A study of several different reductions of α, β-unsaturated nitriles by NaBH4 shows that these proceed by way of a 1:4 addition to form saturated nitriles. At long reaction times, hydrolysis products or those of substitution of the saturated nitrile are observed. The relative rates of reduction follow the order: 2-phenyl-2-butenenitrile 1 > 2,3-diphenyl-2-propenenitrile 2 > 3-phenyl-2-propenenitrile 3 > 2-butenenitriIe 4. [Journal translation]


Abstract: The limited offline learning during the pandemic COVID-19, of course has its own challenges due to the limitations of maintaining each other's health protocols for both teachers and students. The implementation of limited offline learning is expected to improve the quality of learning for teachers and students in the situation of the pandemic virus Covid-19. This research aims to determine (i) teachers' perceptions of offline learning are limited to biology subjects at SMA Negeri 9 Pulau Taliabu, (ii) teachers' perceptions of offline learning are limited to biology subjects at SMA Negeri 9 Pulau Taliabu. This research used qualitative descriptive research. The population in this study were biology teachers and students which consist of 72 of 1 biology teacher and 71 students. The number of samples was 1 biology teacher and 61 students. The data collection technique used in this research were interviewing that was done to the teacher and giving questionnaires to the students. The data were analyzed using a qualitative descriptive method. The results showed that (i) there were many obstacles faced by teachers which affected in the limited offline learning process that becomes not running effectively, therefore, teachers needed support from all parties in order to make the process of conducting limited offline learning could be carried out properly. (ii) The students' perception of the limited offline learning process to the biology subject were very good. Keywords:  Variety, Insects, Cocoa Plantation.


LetM2 be the Igusa compactification of the Siegel modular variety o f degree 2 and level 2. In earlier work with R. Lee, we carefully invest iga ed this variety. SubvarietiesDl (compactification divisors) and H∆ (Humbert surface of discriminant 1) play a prominent role in its structure; in particular their fundam ental classes span H4(M2;Z). We return to this variety and consider another class of subvari etiesKh (Humbert surfaces of degree 4), which we investigate with the help of involutionsM2. We carefully describe these subvarieties and consider the representations of the ir undamental classes in terms of the fundamental classes of the subvarieties Dl andH∆. The spaceM2 is also known in a different context. It can also be described as the space M0,6 of stable curves of genus 2 with ordered Weierstrass points. In this context the diviso rs Kh are what have come to be known as Keel-Vermeire divisors. Let S2 denote Siegel space of degree two, i.e. the space of symmetri c 2-by-2 complex matrices with positive definite imaginary part. Let Sp (4,Z) be the group of 4-by-4 matrices that preserves the usual symplectic form on Z4. Then Sp(4,Z) acts onS2 on the left by


As an exception to a common practice of attribution, Newton polygons were originally introduced by Isaac Newton himself, and how he used them is essentially the same as how they are used now. He wanted to solve polynomial equations f(x, y) = 0 for y as a series in fractional powers of x. He described the procedure he came up with in [Newton:1959], a letter to Oldenburg. It is quite readable (see p. 126 of [Newton:1959] for the original Latin, p. 145 for an English translation). The diagram he exhibits is not essentially different from the ones drawn today. Newton polygons are perfectly and appropriately named—they are non-trivial, and introduced by Newton.