Abstract The outflow from the lower St Lawrence Estuary (LSLE) is a major input to the Gulf of St Lawrence. The discharge of the St Lawrence River drives a pair of buoyant coastal jets in the estuary that combine to form the major part of the Gaspe Current, perhaps the dominant feature of the circulation in the Gulf. The dominant forcing agencies of the low‐frequency variability (aside from the seasonal freshwater discharge cycle) of motions in the LSLE and the Gaspe Current have not been definitively identified. Here we examine current data from the mouth of the estuary from two field programs (undertaken in 1962 and 1979) and use spectral and bulk correlation analyses to show that wind‐driven motions apparently exert a strong influence on the variability of the exchange between Gulf and estuarine waters. Meteorologically forced motions are shown to be most prominent in the 10‐ to 15‐d period range (corresponding to the typical interval between the passages of weather systems). The wind‐induced current f...


In this paper, the eigenvalue assignment of a SISO singularly perturbed problem is considered for a minimum phase system. We propose an approach for the eigenvalue assignment of a singularly perturbed minimum phase system using state feedback which leads to a simple eigenvalue reassignment procedure. The singularly perturbed system, using singular perturbation, can be divided into two subsystems independent of each other. Based on the slow subsystem only, we can obtain a feedback gain that reassigns the eigenvalues to provide a desired system response.


Objective
To evaluate the incidence of upper extremity deep venous thrombosis (UEDVT) after traumatic fracture using Meta-analysis.

Methods
Chinese Biomedical Science Articles Database (CBMdisc) , CNKI, Wanfang Medical Network Database were searched to collect studies about UEDVT after traumatic fracture from January 1st, 1990 to December 31st, 2018. After inclusion of exclusion criteria, literature was screened according to PICO principle, and literature quality was evaluated according to STROBE declaration. Qualified literature was used to extract data on the incidence of upper limb thrombosis, and data fusion was carried out using Meta-analysis method of single-arm study.

Results
Finally, 9 articles of high quality were included in the study, including 14 425 patients. Data fusion result showed that the incidence of UEDVT after upper limb fracture was 0.83% (95%CI: 0.69% - 0.98%) . Axillary vein thrombosis accounted for 19.99%, brachial vein thrombosis 46.66%, subclavian vein thrombosis 6.58%, subclavian vein-brachial vein thrombosis 14.84%, axillary vein-brachial vein thrombosis 11.93% in UEDVT after upper limb fracture. The incidence of UEDVT was 1.83% after humeral surgical neck fracture and 1.76% after humeral shaft fracture.

Conclusions
The overall incidence of UEDVT after upper limb fracture was 0.83%. Brachial vein and axillary vein are the main sites, which should be paid attention to in postoperative nursing. The incidence of UEDVT in patients with proximal humeral fracture and peri-shoulder fracture is higher than that in patients with other upper limb fractures, which should be paid more attention.

Key words:
Meta-analysis; Fractures; Deep vein thrombosis; Complications; Upper limb; Traumatic fracture


Objective To investigate the effects of segmental treatment with microscrew for patients transferred from the prosthodontics.Methods Three patients who wanted to close the spaces where the molars were extracted and 8 patients whose molars overeupted were treated segmentally with microscrews.Results The 3 patients's extracted spaces were closed in 6 to 10 months and the local occlusions were basically normal.The other 11 overerupted molars were intruded in 5 to 9 months.The apical root resorption was not clinically significant in both groups.Conclusion Segmental treatment with microscrew can be tried for some special patients who do not want to be orthodontically treated totally for their missed molars or overerupted molars.


Nowadays, foot gait analysis has been widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of neuromusculoskeletal diseases and has received much more attention. The motion of the human hip joint can be simplified into three degrees of freedom: flexionextension, exhibition-adduction, and internal-external rotation motion. We can encompass these types of hip movements by using four types of walking gait: normal walking, tandem walking, toe walking, and heel walking. In this paper, we proposed a real-time and applicable system, which has low computational complexity while maintaining high accuracy for four kinds of gait analysis and recognition with a single Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) sensor. The orientation is estimated by fast complementary filter (FCF) and Attitude and heading reference system (AHRS). Then the linear acceleration is integrated twice and calculated many spatial-temporal parameters of gait can be obtained, and the zero velocity update (ZUPT) method is used to suppress the integral drift. Experimental results show that the error rate of the four type of walking stride length can reach 1.34%, 1.65%, 2.26%, 2.13% respectively. The system has a recognition accuracy rate of 83.3%. Implemented with TSMC 0.18 µm process. To achieve a low power design, set the clock frequency to 45 kHz. The performance of the chip achieves an area of 2.47 x 2.47 mm2 and a power consumption of 0.1198 mW.


Described in this paper are the characterizations of the synthetic 72-membered macrocyclic tetraether phospholipids (7, 8) and their acyclic congeners (9, 10), the hydrocarbon chains of which are unbranched straight chains instead of isoprenoid chains such as found in those of archaea. Thermal analyses by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) clearly showed that the phase transition temperature (Tc) of the cyclic tetraether lipids 7 and 8 was rather lower than those of the corresponding acyclic counterparts 9 and 10. This trend was opposite to that of the diether lipids. The findings from 31P NMR and electron microscopic analyses suggested that the lipid polymorphism of 7 and 8 was quite different from that of 9 and 10. These results revealed that the cyclic structure in 7 and 8 contributed not only to the limitation of motional freedom at the hydrophobic region but also to the change of the lipid polymorphism in comparison with 9 and 10. Furthermore, it was found that these physicochemical as well as p...


ABSTRACT CTCF is a highly conserved zinc-finger DNA-binding protein that mediates interactions between distant sequences in the genome. As a consequence, CTCF regulates enhancer-promoter interactions and contributes to the three-dimensional organization of the genome. Recent studies indicate that CTCF is developmentally regulated, suggesting that it plays a role in cell type-specific genome organization. Here, we review these studies and discuss how CTCF functions during the development of various cell and tissue types, ranging from embryonic stem cells and gametes, to neural, muscle and cardiac cells. We propose that the lineage-specific control of CTCF levels, and its partnership with lineage-specific transcription factors, allows for the control of cell type-specific gene expression via chromatin looping. Summary: This Review discusses evidence linking CTCF to the control of developmental processes in various cell and tissue types through 3D organization of the genome.


Pilgrims in China have historically traveled to locations considered to be ling—holding spiritual power. Such locations became known as sites where the sacred becomes manifest. A resident bodhisattva (enlightened being) might appear to travelers, or pilgrims might receive miraculous healing after having visited a mountain. Often through stories of such extraordinary events, sites became popular for their efficacious power, and pilgrims journeyed to them hoping to receive a vision, a healing, and/or a blessing in return. Ling differentiates a site as sacred, and in many Chinese religious traditions, ling is associated with mountains.


Anisotropic electron mobilities for GaAs/In0.2Ga0.8As/Al0.3Ga0.7As inverted high electron mobility transistor structures were observed using Hall effect measurements. If the In0.2Ga0.8As quantum‐well thickness is below the critical layer thickness, a higher electron mobility in the 〈01–1〉 direction is observed in comparison to the 〈011〉 direction. Exceeding the critical layer thickness of the In0.2Ga0.8As quantum well results in a change in the behavior of the anisotropy, and a highly anisotropic electron mobility with a higher electron mobility in the 〈011〉 direction, in comparison to the 〈01–1〉 direction, is observed. With increasing In0.2Ga0.8As quantum‐well width, the anisotropy increases. An increase of the anisotropy was also observed if the Hall‐effect measurements were carried out at lower temperatures. The anisotropy in the electron mobility can be correlated to the occurrence of a highly asymmetric‐dislocation density. The asymmetry in the dislocation density was observed using wavelength‐select...


This papers presents a classic fully differential operational transconductance amplifier (FDOTA) implemented in industrial 28 nm FD-SOI (Fully-Depleted SOI) technology. A novel approach to minimized the FDOTA offset voltage is proposed. The solution employs the unique feature of FD-SOI technology - back-gate biasing - combined with modern compensation methodology. The proposed method results in considerable design overhead. However, this offset cancellation approach is very effective and allows to improve FDOTA performance when classic techniques reach their limits.


The well-behaved solution of the hydromagnetic wave equation for a general class of initial conditions is used to study the ringing, phase-mixing, transient amplification of field line resonances. An expression for the phase-mixing time in terms of the amplitude of initial impulse at the magnetopause and the gradient of Alfven speed in the magnetosphere is derived. The features of free oscillation of field lines studied here compare well with the previous numerical studies for particular types of impulse excitations of the magnetosphere.


The author describes the development, uses, and limitations of a model using spatial barriers in the analysis of internal migration. He then uses such a model to analyze the impact of spatial barriers on interurban migration in the Katowice region of Poland, using data for 1978.


The publication reviewed here is the result of the efforts of a group of experts belonging to the network "Tecnologias Sociales y Produccion Social del Habitat", part of the Latin-American Science and Technology Development Programme (CYTED). The book provides a theoretical transdisciplinary approach to understanding the processes of production of building space, offering alternative strategies of intervention and evaluation. It presents a variety of methods, techniques and tools for its application in different contexts. The topics addressed revolve around three fundamental issues: participation, as a democratic and socially equitable way of intervening in the decision-making process; the social production of habitat, as a proposal to look for ways of improving the conditions in which the least-favored groups of society produce their habitat; participatory planning, as the tool with which technical personnel, professionals, and other actors can be incorporated in the social production process of the habitat. ----- Full text available in Spanish only. To view, please select "Espanol" in the language box.


This work presents a new model of optimization-based approaches by mathematical programming for simultaneous water and heat exchanger network (WHEN) design of fixed-flowrate system. WHEN is designed by water network (WN) followed by heat exchanger network (HEN) in sequential step. First, WN is designed by mass balance from sources to sinks. Second, HEN is designed by matching hot waste streams and cold sink streams to satisfy the outlet temperature. The main objective is to minimize total annual cost (TAC) of freshwater cost, piping cost, investment cost of heat exchanger unit, and hot/cold utility cost using developing case study data. Mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) is developed for simultaneous design by cascading calculation. Initialization technique is used because of the high nonconvexity of MINLP problem.


Carbamazepine is known to produce toxic hematological effects, including fatal agranulocytosis. Steen-Johnson [2} described eosinophilia, lymphadenopathy, and splenomegaly in a patient treated with carbamazepine. Pisciotta's findings confirmed { 11 that the literature describes few patients treated with carbamazepine who suffered eosinophilia without other manifestations. We studied 653 patients treated with carbatnazepine for various diseases, mostly epilepsy. All patients underwent white blood cell and differential counts every two months. Leukocyte counts were normal. However, the differential count revealed that 36 patients (5 .5%) developed eosinophilia (more than ?% of leukocytes; average, 7.2%). This group was composed of 22 females and 14 males between 2 and 50 years of age (average age, 18.6 years). They had been taking carbamazepine for 3 to 48 months (average, 14.3 months), and blood levels of carbamazepine varied from 3 to 12 pdml (average, 7.4 wdml). None of the patients with eosinophilia evidenced other conditions that could explain their high eosinophil count. In 5 of the 36 patients, the count decreased to normal levels, but remained elevated in the remainder. Our study suggests that eosinophilia occurs in about 1 in 20 patients undergoing long-term carbamazepine treatment.


The authors manipulated attitude similarity between a same age-sex stranger and participants aged 7–21 years and measured interpersonal attraction. The mediators measured were inferred attraction and affect in Experiment 1 and inferred attraction and cognitive evaluation in Experiment 2. In general, attraction was higher at younger than older ages and for an attitudinally similar than dissimilar stranger. Attitude similarity effects were mediated by the two measured variables in each experiment. Importantly, decrease in attraction of females from ages 11 to 21 years was mediated by inferred attraction, and increase in attraction of males across these ages was mediated by cognitive evaluation. Results support initial influences of the person positivity bias, followed by communal motives in females and agentive motives in males.


The end of the railway in Singapore came after 108 years of operation, a vestige of the British Empire, a very specific space in a very different time. The trains were charging first-class passengers 56 cents, according to The Straits Times (2 January 1903), to leave the original station on Tank Road to Kranji. The Tank Road station closed when the Tanjong Pagar Railway Station opened in 1932, the southernmost station of the railway line, after the agreement of the Railway Deviation of 1932. Governor Sir Cecil Clementi officiated at the opening of the station…


This paper examines the impact of typhoons in China on the stock returns and managers' responses of Chinese A-share listed firms. Based on a sample of Chinese A-share listed companies from 2003 to 2018, we find that the occurrence of typhoons causes significant negative effects on the Chinese stock market, both economically and statistically. We use an event study approach to test the impact of typhoons directly, and we sort the stocks into different portfolios to examine the sensitivity of the typhoons' effect to different factors. We also investigate the responses of firms' management to damaging disasters using a difference-in-differences method with multiple time periods. We discover that firms in the neighborhood area are willing to take precautions, including decreasing the current debt to total debt ratio and increasing the ratio of long-term borrowing financing to total assets. Furthermore, firms' overreactions will disappear as the number of attacks increases, and the rationality of this overreaction needs further research.


In this essay, I want to challenge the order ethics defense of constitutional democracy by confronting it with two prominent lines of friendly criticism: the anarchist critique by Michael Huemer and the minarchist critique by James M. Buchanan and Ludwig von Mises. A critique by these two approaches seems especially interesting, because both share with order ethics moral as well as methodological commitments. Nevertheless, all three approaches come to very different conclusions with respect to the preferred political order. I will argue that this friendly challenge exposes a conceptual tension in order ethics. In particular, I will argue that order ethics' epistemic commitment is not consistent with its uni-vocal support for constitutional democracy. Since order ethics' epistemic commitment is theoretically more fundamental, order ethics, I argue, needs to give up its support for constitutional democracy in favor of polycentric democracy.


Embodiment of the car seat includes an outer protective shell, and an inner sheet, and a suspension system that allows the relative movement between the inner sheet and the outer protective shell with connecting the inner sheet and the outer protective shell. The suspension system may include a plurality of deformable metal strap. Further, the embodiment of vehicle seat system includes a frame configured to bind to the vehicle seat. Frame has a vertical portion extending upwardly substantially along the vehicle seat back. Vertical portion extends at least half the height of the vehicle seat back. The system also includes a vehicle seat that is configured to couple to the frame.


The approach common in U.S. technical documents, especially the emphasis on user friendliness, is becoming the standard for international communication. In user manuals, industrial proposals, and business plans, that approach strikes a chord among audiences who speak English or other Anglo-Germanic languages. But people whose native language does not fall into that tradition may find the approach inappropriate. American-biased documents may need more than a simple language translation to accommodate such audiences. The documents need to be translated culturally as well. This chapter reports on two experiments conducted at the Eindhoven University of Technology to test techniques of cultural translation: one focused on the writers of such a text, the other on the readers.


This study aims to develop online learning media for student Worksheets (LKPD) assisted by Live Worksheets that are oriented to students' mathematical problem solving abilities in valid and practical permutations and combinations material. This media development process uses the ADDIE research and development model (analyze, design, develop, implement, and evaluate). The research subjects were 6 students of class XII SMK SMTI Bandar Lampung in the 2021/2022 academic year. The instruments used are in the form of a validation questionnaire, a teacher response questionnaire and a student response questionnaire. Based on the research, the data obtained from the validation results of online LKPD assisted by Live Worksheets by three validators got an average score of 76% with valid criteria, while the results of teacher and student responses related to the practicality of online LKPD obtained an average score of 88.15% and 84.82%. with practical criteria. In conclusion, online Worksheets with the help of Live Worksheets can be used as alternative media in learning to help improve students' mathematical problem solving abilities in combination permutation material.

Keywords: Development, LKPD Online, Live Worksheet


Building upon the successful first meeting in 2006 at Playa del Carmen, Mexico in December 2006, and the second one at Crete, Greece in September 2008, the third meeting was held in Gramado near by Porto Alegre, Brazil, in October 2010. It was organized by the Ion Implantation group of the Physics Institute of the Universidade Federal of Rio Grande do Sul and chaired by Moni Behar. Following the tradition in this series of meetings, focus was kept on the role of ion beam interactions with matter in the development, characterization and understanding of novel nano-structured materials. On this occasion the meeting was organized to honor John Davies for his many and important contributions in the field of the ion beam interactions with matter, in particular for his pioneering work regarding the channeling technique. Thanks to his efforts and the team that he put together at Chalk River, many people were introduced to the field and were encouraged to participate in and develop contacts and collaborations in all aspects of ion–solid interactions.


The present invention comprises administering to a method for treating a wound, an effective amount of a polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence or a functional conservative variant thereof having EGF-like domain of thrombomodulin to a patient in need of saying treatment. The present invention also relates to a composition used to promote wound healing, the composition comprising a polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence or a functional conservative variant thereof having EGF-like domain of thrombomodulin. .FIELD 1


Overall, the paper by Schonewille et al.1 is an important contribution to the literature on the NIMA effect. It is fitting that one of the co-authors of this paper is Jon van Rood, who passed away in 2017. Jon would have been very happy to see this paper published. He was an early champion of the NIMA hypothesis, who shared in the discovery of HLA as a key element in human transplantation, even though the Nobel prize for this was awarded to Jean Dausset. Whether or not the paper promotes a recommendation from Ob/Gyn specialists for two or more months of breast-feeding, it certainly supports such a strategy for female babies, in order to insure long-term protection of babies in the next generation from HDFN.


There is increasing evidence that mindfulness meditation-based interventions (MMBIs) benefit people with many long-term conditions (LTCs), particularly in terms of psychological wellbeing. Most evidence however relates to short-term outcomes, and limited information exists about how people integrate mindfulness into life over the longer-term, and how this affects their experience. This PhD aimed to address these limitations through the research question: How does practising mindfulness affect people's experiences of living with a LTC?

A qualitative approach was adopted, using grounded theory to explore the processes of change. Using two-stage interviews, diaries and focus groups, data were gathered from 34 participants and seven trainers of Breathworks' mindfulness course. Almost all study participants reported a diversity of physical and/or mental health problems, many with multi-morbidity. Fieldwork was supplemented by a subsequent Cochrane-informed overview of systematic reviews and a critical review of qualitative studies of MMBIs.

Participants' experiences were predominantly strongly positive, identifying significant changes in thinking and behaviour. They described in detail how mindfulness had become part of their lives, enabling them to be more effective and responsive in their self-care. Analysis identified a core process and metaphor of 'Starting where I am' on an unwanted journey to an unfamiliar place. This highlighted how people become more aware and accepting of their condition and its impact, but able to see it in a wider context, and thus to take appropriate action. The process was represented in five interrelated themes: Getting a new perspective; Feeling equipped to cope; Doing life differently; Seeing a change; and Finding it difficult.
Through exploration of existing chronic illness literature, the study suggests that mindfulness is a powerful facilitator of transition, through which people come to terms with challenging life events. Transition is associated with improved, self-directed self-management, which is significant to both people with LTC and healthcare providers.


Security is crucial for wireless sensor networks deployed in the military and other hostile environments. Due to the limited transmission range, a sensor node may need multiple hops of transmissions to deliver a packet to the base station. An attacker can launch the selective forwarding attack and drop a portion of packets for which it needs to relay while forward the rest. Selective forwarding attack is hard to detect, since packet drops in sensor networks may be caused by unreliable wireless communications or node failures. In this paper, first we describe an efficient scheme for reporting packet drops, then we present an effective scheme for detecting the selective forwarding attack in a heterogeneous sensor network. The scheme utilizes powerful high-end sensors and is based on the sequential probability ratio test. Our extensive simulations show that the proposed scheme achieves high detection ratio and very low false alarm rate.


In order to improve the gaze estimation accuracy through using the information in the eye image more adequately, an appearance-based gaze estimation neural network EyeNet has been proposed in this article. On the one hand, by decomposing the main task into two subtasks, this network could gain more information during the training stage. On the other hand, EyeNet could extract features in the image more efficiently by adding an auxiliary task which is detecting the iris center and eye ball center of the eye. Experiments show that by using these two tricks, the error decreased from 5.42 degree to 5.16 degree.


A field experim ent of reductive fertilization on tomato under unsaturated irrigation condition was carried out to establish a technological system for irrigating and fertilizing scientifically.The results showed that the Nitrogen(N),Phosphorous(P2O5)and potassium(K2O)uptake rate and their absorptive intensities in different growth stages of tomatoes under drip irrigation were significantly higher than that in the treatment of conventional irrigation and fertilization.In addition,the yield and quality of tomato under drip irrigation were also significantly higher than that in the conventional irrigation and fertilization.Meanwhile,the amount of fertilizers used in drip irrigation could be decreased than that used in the traditional method.Especially,the N-fertilizer,P-fertilizer and K-fertilizer could be reduced 118 kg/hm2,15 kg/hm2 and 150 kg/hm2,respectively.Based on the results,it showed that the benefit of tomato production was increased significantly by fertigation which compared with the conventional irrigation and fertilization.It also suggested that the method of fertigation was a suitable irrigation and fertilization technique for tomato production in Guangxi.


Channel/leaders initiated at and propagating from an electrically floating wire particle located between two parallel electrodes under impulse voltage have been studied. The propagation characteristics do to some degree resemble what has been found in point-to plane gaps. However, the propagation speeds are lower, and they cover a smaller space angle. The diameter of the streamer/leader channel is much larger for the negative ones than for the positive ones.


To the Editor.

Yoon et al1 present an epidemiologic study of 57 infants with biliary atresia born over a 25-year period in the Atlanta area. This data was analyzed using seven variables including month of birth, from which a predilection for the winter months December through March was shown.

King's College Hospital, London, is a tertiary referral unit for hepatobiliary diseases predominantly but not exclusively from the south of England. We have specialized in the treatment of biliary atresia since the 1970s and our experience has been reported recently both in general2 and specifically with the biliary atresia splenic malformation syndrome (or sequence).3 Since 1973, we have treated 380 infants with biliary atresia (nonsyndromic, n = 346; syndromic, n = 34) and have data on their month of birth. Using Yoon's own criteria for season (April through July, August through November, and December through March), we found …


At the present time the methodology of evaluating and analyzing the effectiveness of capital investments is elaborated primarily for the material production sphere, while the effectiveness of investments in the nonproductive sphere receives too little attention. The influence of the development of this sphere on the satisfaction of the ever-growing requirements of workers in socialist society, the social results of social production, and the raising of its economic effectiveness are therefore underestimated.


BACKGROUND: PVF contribute significantly to MM morbidity and disability but are poorly characterized at the population level. We studied the inpatient outcomes for a population-based sample of MM patients to better describe the burden of PVF and patterns of acute management, including use of newer vertebral augmentation (VA) techniques such as vertebro-/kyphoplasty. Methods: Using data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample and ICD-9CM diagnosis codes, we identified adult PVF cases among MM admissions (N = 54,790) to all US hospitals in calendar year 2005. Admissions were described by patient (age, gender, race, adjusted Charlson comorbidity score, primary payer) and hospital type (control, location, teaching status, bedsize). Admissions complicated by spinal cord injury (SCI) were identified and described, but excluded from further analyses. Data regarding therapeutic interventions was extracted for radiotherapy, chemotherapy, spinal surgery, and VA using ICD-9CM procedure coding. We then examined hospital costs (charges transformed using Medicare cost-to-charge ratios), length of stay (LOS) and mortality by intervention. Factors influencing use of VA technology were explored in multivariate logistic regression models. All analyses were sample weighted. Results: A group of 3641 PVF admissions was extracted. Mean LOS was 8.9 days (95%CI 8.2–9.7) and mean costs were $19,290 (95%CI $16,395–22,184). Summary statistics for the uncomplicated group, including rates for therapeutic interventions, are given in the table. SCI complicated only 32 ( Conclusions: Acute care hospitalization for PVF constitutes a significant economic burden in the management of MM patients but likely underestimates full costs. While newer VA treatments are associated with shorter hospital stays and decreased hospital costs, age, racial/ethnic, and payer variability in utilization raises concern for disparities in care. Further studies designed to better explore these possible disparities, as well as secular trends in utilization of newer technologies, are warranted.


Objectivism is committed to atheism. However, Objectivists have done little work in Philosophy of Religion. This article argues that much of the work that they have done is fallacious. In particular, the critique of God that Peikoff gives in Objectivism: The Philosophy of Ayn Rand is deeply flawed. If they want to justify their atheism, Objectivists need to rework and revise their arguments; in the final analysis, however, it is doubtful that their efforts will succeed.


While sustainability has been extensively investigated in business practices, sustainability for MBA educational field is unexplored. First, this study collected the status of sustainability initiatives integrated with MBA programs, the scope of competency of sustainability practitioners and the relevant literature on performance competencies. In addition, this study involved a quantitative and qualitative content analysis of relevant documents, textbooks and educational objectives of performance competency, which includes knowledge, skills, and attributes in three hierarchies and 30 indexes. Second, this study assessed these criteria by employing the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) technique to solicit opinions from experts by using questionnaires. Results showed that knowledge, skills, and attributes had weights of 37%, 35%, 28%, respectively.


In this study we document the contribution of the recent decline on income inequality to the income?s growth of the poorest and consequently to the reduction of poverty and extreme poverty in the country. First, we investigate the income growth of the poorest. We demonstrated that, between 2001 and 2005, the national income grew 0,9% a year, but the richest lost. The annual income growth rate of the richest 10% and 20% was negative (?0,3 and ?0,1, respectively). Then, once the national income grew, the poorest necessarily have perceived some gain. In fact, the income growth rate of the poorest 10% reached 8% a.a. Therefore, the 2001?2005 period register two desirable transformations in the Brazilian income distribution: there was growth (although very modest) and the degree of inequality reduced significantly (the Gini coefficient, for example, decline 4,6%). Next, we analyze the huge decline on poverty in this period. We demonstrated that, on the contrary to the history of the country, the recent decline on poverty essentially resulted from the decline of inequality. The percentage of poor and also the extremely poor fell down 4,5 percentage points each. The novelty is that in this period the main determinant was the inequality decline and not the income growth. Finally, we investigate the degree of substitution and complementation between growth and inequality reductions to fight against poverty. We demonstrated that to reach the same decline on poverty, just counting with growth, it would be necessary to increase the income of all families in 14,5%, and to reach the same decline on extreme poverty it would be necessary to increase the income of all families in 22%.


The paper presents a systematic study of the structural loads induced by abnormal waves on a FPSO. This work is a follow-up of a previous investigation that explored the possibility of using freak, abnormal or episodic waves as additional wave load conditions to be considered in the design of ships and offshore platforms. In the previous work, a procedure was developed and implemented to adopt deterministic time series of wave elevation, which may include abnormal waves, as reference design conditions to calculate the wave induced structural loads on ships. An application example was presented for a FPSO subjected to the well known New Year Wave trace that was measured during a severe storm in Central North Sea. In the present paper, the same procedure is applied to obtain the wave induced structural loads on a FPSO, but a systematic investigation is carried out by using a large set of wave traces. These wave traces have been measured at different occasions in the North Sea, additionally at one location in the Central Gulf of Mexico, and they all include episodic freak waves. In this way it is possible to assess the influence of realistic rogue wave characteristics on the wave induced structural loads. Finally, and based on the platform responses to all wave traces, some statistics are produced, regarding the platform responses and structural loads induced by rogue waves.Copyright © 2005 by ASME


There is a growing interest in the development of new cementitious binders for building construction activities. In this study, biomass bottom ash (BBA) was used as aluminosilicate precursor and phosphogypsum (PG) was used as a calcium source. The mixtures of BBA and PG were activated with the sodium hydroxide solution or the mixture of sodium hydroxide solution and sodium silicate hydrate solution. Alkali activated binders were investigated using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) test methods. The compressive strength of hardened paste and fine-grained concrete was also evaluated. After 28 days, the highest compressive strength reached 30.0 MPa—when the BBA was substituted with 15% PG and activated with NaOH solution—which is 14 MPa more than control sample. In addition, BBA fine-grained concrete samples based on BBA with 15% PG substitute activated with NaOH/Na2SiO3 solution showed higher compressive strength compered to when NaOH activator was used −15.4 MPa and 12.9 MPa respectfully. The NaOH/Na2SiO3 activator solution resulted reduced open porosity, so potentially the fine-grained concrete resistance to freeze and thaw increased.


introduction and review of the literature There have been numerous surveys in recent years designed to investigate the employment status of medical women graduates. This upsurge of interest is in part due to a relative shortage of doctors and also to a general tendency to increase the intake of women into medical schools. In the past, assertions have been made regarding medical women and their employment potential, which are not always based on fact. Cultural norms and expectations have been applied somewhat indiscriminately. It is true, however, that the majority of women, doctors or otherwise, marry and have children. But, i t is not accurate to assume that being a wife and mother precludes a medical career. Information gleaned by surveys indicates that the majority of women doctors below the age of retirement are working, some whole time and many in a part-time capacity. A recent article (Ullyat and Ullyat, 1971) suggests that the ability of women doctors to work after marriage is related more to their own expectations and cultural attitudes than to external factors. They also show that academic success is not necessarily related to persistence in the employment field following marriage and motherhood. It appears that married women doctors who continue to work have a different set of attitudes tawards child care and domestic responsibilities, which may be long-standing and deeply rooted in personality. When the South West Metropolitan Regional Hospital Board set up a scheme for recruiting women doctors resident in the region (EssexLopresti, 1970) 75 medical women graduates were cited as participants in the scheme. Forty per cent of these had been 4 years or more out of clinical medicine; 25 % had been involved in odd sessions which had little to do with past training.


The purpose of this study was to explore the role that female consumers' apparel shopping scripts play in the adoption of the Internet for apparel purchasing from a social-cognitive approach. In this study, the focus was on exploring the cognitive structures (shopping scripts) that consumers have and use to make decisions such as adopting the Internet for apparel purchasing. Rogers' adoption of an innovation model was used as theoretical framework for the study, and a social-cognitive perspective theory (source) was incorporated into this model. A qualitative research strategy was adopted and 24 semi-structured interviews were held with professional women living in a major city in South Africa. As a stimulus technique, the participants were asked to visit various apparel web sites. Data analysis was done according to the data analysis process proposed by Miles and Huberman. The participants explicitly mentioned that they currently value certain steps, actions and procedures such as touching and scrunching textiles as well as trying on the items before deciding to buy them. They indicated that their current purchasing practices played an important role in their considering whether to adopt the Internet or not. This study is one of the few that have used qualitative research methods to explore consumers' adoption of the Internet for apparel purchasing. The social-cognitive approach used in this study enables retailers and marketers to study consumers' adoption processes from the consumer's perspective. A limitation of the study is that only professional women, from a homogeneous culture, residing in the same major city, were used as participants. This, however, does not give a representative view of South African online shopping behaviour or of that of a third world country. Future studies are needed, focusing on a more national as well as multicultural perspective.


The disturbed state concept (DSC) and the dissipated energy approach can provide simplified, fundamental, and mechanistic methods for the identification of the initiation and growth of liquefaction in saturated soils under cyclic and earthquake loading. Both approaches are developed and used for the analysis of liquefaction in the soil deposits at Port Island, Kobe, Japan, during the Hyogo-ken Nanbu earthquake. They are also used to analyze liquefaction of two sands during laboratory cyclic tests using torsional and multiaxial devices. It is shown that the DSC and energy criteria can lead to improved understanding of the mechanism of liquefaction, and to rational and simplified procedures compared to those based on empirical and index properties. Furthermore, the DSC possesses certain advantages over the energy approaches, particularly in terms of its implementation in computer (finite-element) programs for dynamic and liquefaction analysis.


Abstract : This study is primarily a treatment of the use of prisoner of war labor by the United States Army. It also provides a comprehensive treatment of the employment of prisoners of war by private employers in the United States. The primary objective of the monograph is to provide in one volume a comprehensive record of the use of prisoner of war labor for the guidance of General Staff officers and students in the Army school system. It is hoped that the study will assist the industrial and military mobilization planners of the future in planning for the use of prisoner of war labor. The document also will further the understanding of basic problems related to the employment of prisoners of war among persons interested in military affairs. Since the monograph is limited to the military history of prisoners of war through World War II, it is merely background for the events that have followed that conflict. An additional monograph dealing with the employment and treatment of prisoners of war during the Korean War is currently being prepared. The study is divided into three parts. Part One, "The Early Wars," contains three chapters covering the period from the Revolutionary War through the Civil War. Part Two, "The Beginnings of Global Warfare," contains three chapters covering the period from the Spanish-American War to the beginning of World War II. Part Three, "World War II," contains the bulk of the study. The planning, policies, interested agencies, and actual employment both in the continental United States and in oversea theaters are presented in detail.


The scattering of electromagnetic wave by the N-layer dielectric cylinder is considered in this work. A universal simulation project is developed for determine of the characteristics of the field scattered by a multilayered cylinder and visualization of the electric field spatial distribution. Amplitude distributions of the electric field for different values of the inner cylinders diameters, material parameters and incident radiation wavelength are obtained.


The Rb-Sr isotopic data for mineral separates from a rock of the Manicouagan impact melt sheet define an isochron of age T = 214 ± 5 (2σ) m.y. and an initial Sr87/sr86 ratio I = 0.70991 ± 0.00007 (2σ). This age is in excellent agreement with the K-Ar age of 210 ± 8 (2σ) m.y. of Wolfe [1971] and represents the time of crystallization of the melt sheet. Four whole rock samples yield age-corrected I values ranging from 0.70965 to 0.71006. These high I values are consistent with geological and geochemical arguments that the melt sheet was derived by total melting of Grenville basement rocks during the impact event 214 m.y. ago.


In Mind Sights, Roger N. Shepard introduces us to his drawings of visual tricks, discusses the origins of his scientific and artistic work, and shares his reflections on the nature of art, perception, and the mind.


To identify a subgroup of men who may benefit from tamoxifen citrate (a widely prescribed drug for male infertility) among those with normogonadotrophic and hypergonadotrophic oligozoospermia, either idiopathic or after varicocelectomy.


A 22-year old male presents with features of recurrent pneumonia since childhood which was treated with different types of antibiotics, without complete resolution. For the history of dysphagia , he underwent barium swallow examination of esophagus which revealed the diagnosis of tracheo-esophageal fistula.


The objective of this study was to compare some reproductive traits of Alpine and Nubian goats under an intensive management system in a dry tropical environment. Goats were kept under con®nement in half-covered pens and fed grass hay plus a commercial concentrate. Data were analyzed for kidding interval, proli®cacy and gestation length. No signi®cant (p > 0.05) breed effect was found for kidding interval; Alpine averaged 390.7 vs. 414.4 days for Nubian. There was, however, a signi®cant effect (p < 0.01) attributable to year of kidding; means ranged from 284 in 1989 to 590 days in 1994. Proli®cacy was signi®cantly affected (p < 0.01) by breed and year of kidding; Alpine and Nubians averaged 1.25 and 1.38 kids per parturition, respectively. Proli®cacy ranged from 1.53 in 1989 to 1.39 in 1994. A signi®cant (p < 0.01) breed effect on gestation length was found; means for Alpine and Nubians were 151.6 and 149.2 days, respectively. Kidding interval increased as years advanced, while proli®cacy decreased the ®rst 4 years of the study, thereafter began to increase. # 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.


Introduction: We estimated the health and economic impacts of chronic exposure to air pollution for the Swiss part of the Greater Geneva area from 2016 to 2018.
Materials and methods: We extracted from fine-scale modelled concentration maps for two pollutant indicators, particulate matter PM2.5 and nitrogen dioxide. Then, we performed a quantitative health impact assessment of the health burden attributable to anthropogenic-origin air pollution, and estimated the benefits of compliance with the federal Ordinance on Air Pollution Control (OAPC) limit values. Finally, we computed the economic impacts of these health effects.
Results: Exposure to fine particles of anthropogenic origin was responsible for 7.5% of annual mortality (280 deaths or 5,900 life years lost), for 14 lung cancers and for 68 strokes annually in the Canton of Geneva. Compliance with the OAPC limit value of 10 µg/m3 as an annual average would reduce annual mortality by 1.5% (62 deaths avoided or 1,300 life years gained). Exposure to anthropogenic-origin NO2 was associated with 5.3% of annual deaths (approximately 200 deaths per year). The estimated total negative economic impacts of anthropogenic-origin fine particles were at least CHF2017 1.3 billion per year, whereas compliance with the OAPC limit values would result in annual economic benefits of at least CHF2017 290 million.
Conclusion: We confirmed that air quality remains a health issue on which stakeholder mobilisation is vital. Action plans should tackle emissions from freight and personal mobility, heating, industry and agriculture, while seeking to improve knowledge on health risks from air pollution exposure.


This study aimed to describe the development of children's religious life from a family of dual career families, namely families where both father and mother both work outside the home and undergo certain professions. How is the parenting style and pattern of education applied by parents to keep the child's awareness and religious attitudes in good condition, and what factors are the supporters and inhibitors of the development of a child's religious spirit in the dual career family ?. Child restrictions referred to in this study are children in the range of primary school age, namely between the ages of 7-11 years. Based on data collected from 6 families of working mothers' fathers who are respondents, the results of the study show that families generally realize that parents are still the first and foremost place for child growth and development, so that the main function of the family is not to be educated, caring, socializing children so that children can carry out their functions in society properly, remains a top priority. Parenting that is applied in the family is generally appropriate, namely democratic parenting and education patterns as a place to socialize the ideal second child, namely the school environment that has an orientation on spiritual development in addition to academic orientation. While the supporting and inhibiting factors of the process of developing mindfulness in children are generally influenced by the internal and external factors of children, the school environment, the community and most importantly parents.


Bringing together an international team of contributors, this volume draws on international political theory and intellectual history to rethink the problem of a pluralistic world order.


In this day, online course is an efficient way to help teacher changes teaching mode and it provides new ideas and methods for higher education reform. However, the effect of learning which relies solely on the online course is not very good, how can the using of online course be integrated efficiently into the daily classroom teaching in the colleges and universities? The key is the suitable instructional design and implementation of appropriate strategies and evaluation means for this hybrid learning. Taking the course Design and production of multimedia courseware which is taught by the author as an example, the paper illustrates the whole process of teaching reform of this course from the instructional design around learning tasks and learning activities, curriculum implementation and evaluation strategy. The results of questionnaire survey show that the teaching pattern based on hybrid learning can improve the learner's information accomplishment and the ability of knowledge application besides facilitating students to access knowledge actively. On the whole this practice has obtained some good effects so some experiences can be provided for other courses.


The present invention is to provide a projector that can be efficiently guided to the projection light in a predetermined direction, comprising a light projection screen and a screen to obtain an image, comprising a lens array comprising a plurality of lens elements 200 as the screen 100, substantially in the first direction through the approximate center of the first length h and the respective lens elements 200 of the lens element 200 according to the first direction through the approximate center of each lens element 200 the second length w of the lens element 200 according to a second direction perpendicular to, the second length w is a curvature of one of the respective lens elements of the first length and configured to be larger than h, a plurality of lens elements (200) center position R1 are arranged so as to be approximately half of the first length w relative in a first direction to a curvature center position R2 of another lens element 200 adjacent to the second direction.


The present work presents a study aiming to verify the applicability of the Viable System Model (VSM) in a robust architecture for an Information System targeting nuclear naval area. The emphasis of the study is in assessing an alternative modeling for the Information System (IS) architecture specification, incorporating a set of functionalities defined by the VSM, with the purpose of strengthening this architecture. The strategy of this research is based on a bibliographic revision on VSM, Information System and its architecture, and the influence of those elements in the survival of the organizations in a ever changing environment. It is presented one case study where it is showed the theoretical elements of the VSM and IS architecture applied on the development of a IS architecture. The selected system for this application is the IS for nuclear incidents (SIN) on the installations dedicated to research and development on nuclear technology applied to submarine propulsion system.


Contributions of fermions to the mass of the scalar glueball 0++are calculated at two-loop level in theframework of QCD sum rules.It slightly changes the coefficients in the operator product expansion (OPE) and shiftsthe mass of glueball to 1.72 ± 0.07 GeV.


At any stage of development, any organism is required to go through a learning phase as a way to acquire and enhance certain skills. Similarly, legged robots perform a learning phase to obtain basic skills before implementing them in real specific applications. Walking skills are one of the first capabilities that need to be learned, as this allows the robots to traverse their environment. This work proposes A Directed Evolutionary Algorithm Learning method – which we henceforth refer to as the DEAL method. This method aims to direct the learning process by incorporating the robot learning experience, and hence, to reduce the time period required for the learning process to converge to a framed optimal solution. This will reduce the deployment time of the robot and as a result, the learning process will have a minimal impact on the wear and tear of the robot body and maximise the life of the robot when it is deployed on specific applications.


Using dissipative particle dynamics simulations, we have studied the effect of Janus nanospheres on the phase separation dynamics of polymer blends. We find that Janus nanospheres significantly impede domain growth and at a later stage the average domain size approaches saturation and the growth exponent n decays to near-zero. Additionally, compared with homogeneous nanospheres, the phase separation dynamics of ternary systems containing Janus nanospheres is slower and the average size of domains is smaller at later stages of the phase separation process. This mainly arises from the inherent equatorial adsorption and low desorption probability of Janus nanospheres at interfaces, which can greatly reduce the interfacial tension and hence the driving force towards macrophase separation. In particular, such a difference in the retardation effect becomes more pronounced for the systems containing small sized nanospheres with the preferential particle-matrix interaction. Furthermore, in the later-stage of the phase separation process there exists a dynamical self-similarity in the ternary systems that undergo microphase separation and the domain growth follows a crossover scaling form. Similarly, ternary systems containing Janus nanospheres are closer to saturation and the extracted crossover scaling exponent is closer to 1 than the counterpart ternary systems containing homogeneous nanospheres. Therefore, the Janus nanospheres can be used as a more effective emulsifying or stabilizing agent than homogeneous nanospheres for immiscible polymer blends.


Classification is one of the most popular tasks of machine learning, which has been involved in broad applications in practice, such as decision making, sentiment analysis and pattern recognition. It involves the assignment of a class/label to an instance and is based on the assumption that each instance can only belong to one class. This assumption does not hold, especially for indexing problems (when an item, such as a movie, can belong to more than one category) or for complex items that reflect more than one aspect, e.g. a product review outlining advantages and disadvantages may be at the same time positive and negative. To address this problem, multi-label classification has been increasingly used in recent years, by transforming the data to allow an instance to have more than one label; the nature of learning, however, is the same as traditional learning, i.e. learning to discriminate one class from other classes and the output of a classifier is still single (although the output may contain a set of labels). In this paper we propose a fundamentally different type of classification in which the membership of an instance to all classes(/labels) is judged by a multiple-input-multiple-output classifier through generative multi-task learning. An experimental study is conducted on five UCI data sets to show empirically that an instance can belong to more than one class, by using the theory of fuzzy logic and checking the extent to which an instance belongs to each single class, i.e. the fuzzy membership degree. The paper positions new research directions on multi-task classification in the context of both supervised learning and semi-supervised learning.


The contamination of polar regions with mercury that is transported from lower latitudes as inorganic mercury has resulted in the accumulation of methylmercury (MeHg) in food chains, risking the health of humans and wildlife. While production of MeHg has been documented in polar marine and terrestrial environments, little is known about the responsible transformations and transport pathways and the processes that control them. We posit that as in temperate environments, microbial transformations play a key role in mercury geochemical cycling in polar regions by: (1) methylating mercury by one of four proposed pathways, some not previously described; (2) degrading MeHg by activities of mercury resistant and other bacteria; and (3) carrying out redox transformations that control the supply of the mercuric ion, the substrate of methylation reactions. Recent analyses have identified a high potential for mercury-resistant microbes that express the enzyme mercuric reductase to affect the production of gaseous elemental mercury when and where daylight is limited. The integration of microbially mediated processes in the paradigms that describe mercury geochemical cycling is therefore of high priority especially in light of concerns regarding the effect of global warming and permafrost thawing on input of MeHg to polar regions.


Pliny the Elder's 37th book of his Naturalis Historia provides a useful insight into the importance of gems in Greek and Roman society. This book is characterized by a more socio-anthropological perspective compared to the earlier and more philosophical Theophrastos' Peri Lithon [27, pp. 7–11]. Through material and figuration, gems are in Pliny's speech a relevant guide to show the articulation and transformation of ancient societies. Gems are not only valuable personal ornaments, but they are signs of status, rich in meaning having even thaumaturgical effects [22, pp. 180–181]. Stones contain, in fact, physical materiality, social structure, imagery, and symbolism and they are able to delineate cultural anthropology. For the Hellenistic period these aspects are tested by Poseidippus' gem-poems: Lithikà. The epigrams address visual culture and its sociology, describing luxurious and marvelous artifacts (gems and jewels), and express life styles (male and female) and dynastic values. Literary evidence implicates the reader in the aesthetics and ethics of tryphè: an ideological agenda in which power seduces as well as imposing obedience [15, pp. 143–145]. Few archeological remains exemplify today the splendor of Hellenistic courts and the meaning of the ceremonial which invested the sovereign-figure. In this regard it is important to mention a royal decree — dated from 193 BC — by Antiochos III who imposed the portrait of his wife, Laodike, on the crown of the chief-priestesses vowed to worship the Queen [26, pp. 118–119; 23, p. 97]. We can assume that the eikon could be a prometopidion, a relief medallion (in metal or other material, like precious stone) bearing the features of the Queen [13, p. 40]: a practice that from the Greek-Hellenistic world continues into the Roman Imperial period until modern times, when cameos and intaglios come to adorn bands and diadems [5, p. 170; 21, pp. 468–470; 30, pp. 367–377].


Calculations of the quasiparticle-lifetime broadening 1/{tau}, both for idealized and realistic models of the band structure, show a large lifetime broadening from electron-electron scattering, with the characteristic linear dependence on energy from the Fermi energy seen in high-temperature superconductors, provided that the Fermi level lies near the van Hove singularity in the quasi-two-dimensional band structure. The effect comes from intra--van Hove--singularity scattering {ital without} the intervention of nesting.


Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurobehavioral disorder characterized by either significant difficulties of attention or hyperactivity and impulsiveness or a combination of the two. Behavioral interventions seem to be a good treatment plan for ADHD, although it requires continuous monitoring of the ADHD condition in order to adapt the intervention over time. There have only been rather few computerized monitoring systems so far, mostly based on pre-existing classic forms for ADHD assessment. This study reviews the most popular computerized monitoring systems for ADHD, in an effort to suggest new ways for enhancing education for related healthcare professionals thereby indicating some interesting directions for future work.


The invention discloses a light emitting diode (LED) module, which comprises a substrate, an LED, a first encapsulation element and a second euphotic encapsulation element. The substrate is provided with a first surface, a second surface, a circuit layer and an open pore, wherein the open pore passes through the first surface and the second surface, and the circuit layer comprises at least one first conductive contact arranged on the first surface. The LED is arranged in the open pore and electrically connected with the first conductive contact. The first encapsulation element and the second euphotic encapsulation element are arranged on the first surface and the second surface of the substrate respectively to encapsulate the LED and the first conductive contact. The LED module can emit light from the back of the LED, so the light emitting efficiency of the LED module can be improved. Meanwhile, the invention also discloses a manufacturing method for the LED module.


The utility model is applicable to the field of liquid crystal displaying, and provides an LED backlight device, a liquid crystal display and a display terminal. The LED backlight device comprises a PCB loaded with LED light sources, a light guide board, a diffusion layer and a brightening layer are sequentially arranged in the emergent direction of the LED light sources, and slots arranged on the surface of the light guide board are in positional one-to-one correspondence to the LED light sources. The slots arranged on the surface of the light guide board of an existing direct type LED backlight device are in positional one-to-one correspondence to the LED light sources, and an actual emergence angle of emergent light of the LEDs after passing the light guide board is increased while light mixing distance is reduced, thereby realizing ultra-thinness of the LED liquid crystal display device.


OBJECTIVE
The objective of this review is to identify and synthesize the risk factors for hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus pharmacologically treated in any scenarios and environments for health care.

INTRODUCTION
Studies around the world have investigated which factors are associated with episodes of alteration of blood glucose level. It is through the characterization of these factors that nurses can plan and intervene accurately in the control of serum glucose levels in people with diabetes.

INCLUSION CRITERIA
This review will include studies conducted among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus pharmacologically treated in any scenarios and environments for health care. Studies should focus on risk factors for the variation of fasting glycemic levels lower than 3.9 mmol/L and higher than 7.21 mmol/L, as well as postprandial glycemic levels lower than 3.9 mmol/L and higher than 10 mmol/L.

METHODS
Following the search, titles and abstracts will be screened by two independent reviewers for assessment against the inclusion criteria for the review. The full text of selected citations will be assessed in detail against the inclusion criteria and studies selected for retrieval will be assessed by two independent reviewers for methodological validity using JBI critical appraisal tools. Studies will not be excluded based on their quality assessment. Data will be extracted using the standardized data extraction tools. Quantitative data will, where possible, be pooled in statistical meta-analysis using JBI-SUMARI.

SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION NUMBER
CRD42019134755.


Abstract. Coastal vegetation has been increasingly recognized as effective buffer against wind waves. Recent studies have advanced our understanding of wave dissipation process in vegetation (WDV). In intertidal environments, waves commonly propagate into vegetation fields with underlying tidal currents, which may alter WDV, but such influence is often overlooked. The key mechanism of WDV with co-existing currents are understudied, as previous studies have drawn contradictory conclusions on the effect of following currents on WDV. Subsequent laboratory experiments have partly explained the inconsistent conclusions, but relevant data are rarely available for theoretical or modelling development. Additionally, while the vegetation drag coefficient is a key factor influencing WDV, it is rarely reported for combined wave-current flows. This paper reports a unique dataset from two flume experiments, including 668 wave-only and wave with following/opposing current tests. A variety of data including wave height, drag coefficient, in-canopy velocity and acting force on mimic vegetation stem are recorded. This dataset is expected to assist future theoretical advancement on WDV, which may ultimately lead to more accurate prediction of wave dissipation capacity of real coastal wetlands. The dataset is available from figshare (https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.13026530.v2; Hu et al., 2020) with clear instructions for reuse. The current dataset will expand with additional WDV data from ongoing as well as planned future observation in real mangrove wetlands.


Since the linear elastic fracture analysis has been proved to be insufficient in predicting the failure of strain hardening materials, a number of fracture concepts have been studied which remain applicable in the presence of plasticity near a crack tip. This work thereby presents a new finite element model to predict the elastic-plastic crack-tip field and fatigue life of center-cracked panels(CCP) with ductile fracture under large-scale yielding conditions. Also, this study has been carried out to investigate the path-dependence of J-integral within the plastic zone for elastic-perfectly plastic, bilinear elastic-plastic, and nonlinear elastic-plastic materials. Based on the incremental theory of plasticity, the p-version finite element is employed to account for the accurate values of J-integral, the most dominant fracture parameter, and the shape of plastic zone near a crack tip by using the J-integral method. To predict the fatigue life, the conventional Paris law has been modified by substituting the range of J-value denoted by for . The experimental fatigue test is conducted with five CCP specimens to validate the accuracy of the proposed model. It is noted that the relationship between the crack length a and in LEFM analysis shows a strong linearity, on the other hand, the nonlinear relationship between a and is detected in EPFM analysis. Therefore, this trend will be depended especially in the case of large scale yielding. The numerical results by the proposed model are compared with the theoretical solutions in literatures, experimental results, and the numerical solutions by the conventional h-version of the finite element method.


Abstract : Starting in October 2012, the Army began to equip brigade combat teams that will deploy in 2013 with Capability Set 13. This is the Army s first package of radios, satellite systems, software applications, smartphone-like devices, and other network components that provide integrated connectivity from the static tactical operations center to the commander on the move to the dismounted soldier.


ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to analyse and compare teachers' attitudes towards inclusive education in two culturally different countries: Finland and Japan. A sample of 362 Finnish and 1518 Japanese teachers participated in this survey. The teachers' attitudes varied and were rather critical. The Finnish teachers were more worried about teachers' efficacy when implementing inclusion, particularly when teaching students with intellectual disabilities or emotional and behavioural problems. The Japanese teachers had a more positive view on the benefits of inclusion for disabled or non-disabled students. Because Finnish schools emphasise the effectiveness of special education, the Finnish teachers in this study were more critical than the Japanese teachers of the idea that the efficacy discourse justifies the need for inclusive education. The findings support the idea that, to improve the universal understanding of inclusive education, more research should be done to analyse how inclusive education developments are realised in different cultural and historical contexts.


Let G be a finite group. A subgroup H of a group G is called (S-permutable) in G if H permutes with all Sylow p-subgroups of G. a group G is called PST-groups if every subnormal subgroups are S-permutable. A subgroup H of G is called semipermutable (S-semipermutable) in G if H permutes with every subgroup (Sylow p-subgroup) K of G with (│H│,│K│) ꞊1. A group G is called SP-group (SPS-group) if every subnormal subgroup is semipermutable (S-semipermutable) in G. In this paper we study semipermutable subgroups and we present some elementary results about this kind of subgroups. Also, we gave a direct proof for the equivalence between the classes PST-groups and SP-groups using subnormal subgroups properties of these groups. In particular, we proved that Sylow permutability and semipermutability of the subnormal subgroups are coincide in the solvable universe.


This paper gives a proof on Fermat's last theorem (FLT) for n = 3 by firstly reducing the Fermat's equation to a cubic equation of one variable and then using Tschirnhaus transformation to reduce it to a depressed cubic. By showing that this last equation has nonrational roots, it was concluded that the Fermat's equation cannot have integer solutions.


We make precise some results on the cloaking of displacement fields in linear elasticity. In the spirit of transformation media theory, we show that the transformed governing equations in Cosserat and Willis frameworks are equivalent to certain small defect problems for the usual Navier equations. We introduce a notion of nearly cloaking for elasticity systems via regularized transform and we characterize the class of admissible parameters that can be nearly cloaked. This class markedly differs between the 2D and 3D cases. We perform numerical experiments on in-plane elasticity to demonstrate the convergence of the solutions to the transmission problems when the Lame parameters in the inclusion tend to extreme values. We analyse both the soft and hard inclusion limits and touch upon the finite frequency case.


Hypoxia not only promotes tumor metastasis but also strengthens tumor resistance to therapies that demand the involvement of oxygen, such as radiation therapy and photodynamic therapy (PDT). Herein, taking advantage of the high reactivity of manganese dioxide (MnO2) nanoparticles toward endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) within the tumor microenvironment to generate O2, multifunctional chlorine e6 (Ce6) loaded MnO2 nanoparticles with surface polyethylene glycol (PEG) modification (Ce6@MnO2‐PEG) are formulated to achieve enhanced tumor‐specific PDT. In vitro studies under an oxygen‐deficient atmosphere uncover that Ce6@MnO2‐PEG nanoparticles could effectively enhance the efficacy of light‐induced PDT due to the increased intracellular O2 level benefited from the reaction between MnO2 and H2O2, the latter of which is produced by cancer cells under the hypoxic condition. Owing to the efficient tumor homing of Ce6@MnO2‐PEG nanoparticles upon intravenous injection as revealed by T1‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging, the intratumoral hypoxia is alleviated to a great extent. Thus, in vivo PDT with Ce6@MnO2‐PEG nanoparticles even at a largely reduced dose offers remarkably improved therapeutic efficacy in inhibiting tumor growth compared to free Ce6. The results highlight the promise of modulating unfavorable tumor microenvironment with nanotechnology to overcome current limitations of cancer therapies.


This paper aims to study the official virtual characters " Huai Xiaobu" and " Huai Xiaomei" in Huai'an City, how to rely on virtual reality technology to enable canal culture transmission. Under the background of metauniverse, Huai'an Canal culture transmission as the entry point, through the analysis and induction of virtual reality technology, first of all, on the basis of traditional IP, the use of 3D design software to further digital virtual people and VR design creation. Based on the image of "Huai Xiaobu" and "Huai Xiaomei", a series of derivative design, virtual image and reality combined video design, the virtual character "Huai Xiaobu" communication form is divided into virtual reality, augmented reality, mixed reality three case forms to achieve, further enhance the communication power and influence of Huai'an new media. This article introduces the basic principles of various methods, overcome the specific technology of the case, compare and summarize the advantages and disadvantages of various forms, and finally achieve the promotion of the canal cultural information transmission rate, to meet the emerging needs of the audience, it is a highly comprehensive city history and humanity, not only can directly express the cultural and economic characteristics of Huai'an, broaden the depth and breadth of communication, Cooperatively build multi-level and multi-dimensional communication ecological pattern, but also can become the name card of Huai'an, combined with the characteristics of Huai'an, improve the internal cohesion of Huai'an, external reputation.


We are very grateful for Daniel Mullis (2021a, 2021b, 2021c) to have taken up and expanded, but even more for having critiqued our initial paper in this journal on 'repositioning COVID-19 at the social and spatial periphery of urban society' (Biglieri et al. 2020). The paper was written early in the pandemic and was published barely 2 months after the World Health Organization had declared a global health emergency in the face of the growing COVID-19 outbreak early in 2020. We acknowledge at the outset that we seem to share with Mullis an affinity for the larger debate on the theories of space and urbanization in the context of recent work on planetary urbanization and suburbanization. We agree, in the broadest sense, as Mullis notes with reference to both our common source in Lefebvre's work and to our own musings about the subject, that centrality and peripherality are 'produced in and through praxis' (Mullis 2021a, p. 2). As we will note below, such praxis can be, and often is, more than action, more than momentary agency, but can be seen as a structural condition from which long-term inequalities are being cemented before, in and beyond this current health crisis and future ones to come. So, if centrality is changeable and subject to a 'dialectical movement that creates of destroys it' (Lefebvre 2003, p. 116), it is by no means fleeting. It can have staying power. The same can be said about peripheries – social, spatial and institutional ones as we have discussed in our previous work and the experience of being on the margins can have long-lasting and hard-to-overcome detrimental effects on oppressed urban communities and on the physical places where they live, work and play. While, however, the dynamic relationship between the dialectics of change and stasis was repeatedly unveiled in the pandemic as we experienced it over the past 2 years, the exact nature of that dialectics may have at times been hidden from the casual view of an outside 'spectator' whose 'glance is consolidating' as, in her view, 'the very form of the urban [is] revealed,' as Lefebvre says (Lefebvre 2003, p. 116). The processes that produce this 'consolidated' image we can observe on a map, or on a tower or hilltop overlooking a city may coincide with the ravages of a pandemic, an economic crisis, a devastating flood or earthquake: But ultimately, those processes are hidden behind the back of the viewer and need separate exposition and explanation. Less abstractly put, the appearance of social, spatial and institutional peripheries in any given urban context may or may not be an exact reflection of the longer-term and far-reaching processes by which peripheral status is produced. Even more concretely: if the housing markets are structured and governed by systemic racism, classism and sexism, it may not come as a surprise that racialized working-class residents are experiencing the bulk of vulnerabilities that affect their everyday lives, be they financial, environmental, social or health related. We will note below in a brief comment about the suburban municipality of Brampton in the Toronto region that such circumstances can change through 'praxis', taken here quite literally as a deliberate, analytically or theoretically guided action to counteract the detrimental outcomes of systemic marginalization by deliberate, targeted and sincere practices to undo those inequities. But overall, we may be able to insist that the production of centres and peripheries can lead, and often does lead to long-term societal segregation, polarization or segmentation. To illustrate this with an example: The consistent exclusion of African Americans from certain types of housing opportunities has created a dramatic and persistent inequity in the distribution of urban land and property in the United States. It is along the lines of those kinds of structural inequities (perhaps not always visible to the outside 'spectator') that social, spatial and institutional vulnerabilities are manifested in any crisis, including this recent pandemic (Taylor 2019). At the time of our writing, in the spring of 2020, the empirical basis for our hypothesis was thin, the landscape of infection, disease and death changed multiple times and expected outcomes were often qualified by new and surprising developments. We put forward this hypothesis as a heuristic device to discuss seven interrelated constellations we saw emerge at the start of the pandemic:


Beethoven's 9th Symphony-The Full Experience. [London]: Touch Press, 2013. Available for Apple mobile devices through iTunes (Accessed September 2014) [Requires an iPad, iPhone, or iPod Touch running iOS 6 or later. Pricing: $13.99 for the iPad, $7.99 for the iPhone and iPod Touch.]Touch Press brands itself as a maker of "inspiring apps for curious minds - apps that change the way you see and understand the world."4 Their earliest creations include educational applications for disciplines in the sciences and the humanities. To these, Touch Press has added apps that offer innovative learning tools for indepth examinations of important musical compositions.Beethoven's 9th Symphony-The Full Experience, released in May, 2013, is the second music app released by the developer. The project is a partnership with Deutsche Grammophon, utilizing four distinct audio recordings (one with video) for users to study. The app also includes two versions of the full orchestral score synchronized to each of the recordings. At this time, the app is available only for Apple devices, including the iPad, iPod Touch, and the iPhone, running iOS 6 or later. This review is based on the version of the app for the iPad.More than a recording with score tandem, Beethoven's 9th Symphony-The Full Experience is an app that includes an abundance of video and textual content and tools that a variety of users can use to engage more fully with Beethoven's iconoclastic work.RecordingsThe cornerstone of the app is the four complete recordings of the symphony from the Deutsche Grammophon catalog. There are two recordings by the Berliner Philharmoniker. The earliest, from 1958, is conducted by Ferenc Fricsay and marks the first stereo recording of the work. There also is Herbert von Karajan's recording from 1962 that became part of his first recorded Beethoven symphony cycle. Von Karajan would go on to record the complete symphonies three more times, but it is this first version that has remained the most successful Beethoven cycle ever recorded.5Two more recordings depart from the Berlin sound offering the listener significantly different interpretations of the symphony. There is a 1979 Wiener Philharmoniker recording, led by Leonard Bernstein which includes the complete video of the concert performance. Remarkable not only for the visuals of the maestro's inimitable podium presence, the orchestra under Bernstein is more luxurious with tempos and phrasing, creating a string sound that is noticeably warmer and richer than what is captured in the earlier recordings included in the app.The most recent recording, from 1992, features the Orchestre Revolutionnaire et Romantique under John Eliot Gardiner. Most immediately noticeable in this recording is that the orchestra is tuned at A430. The symphony also is performed on period instruments offering the listener the distinct timbres of gut strings, valveless brass, and wooden flutes.Users can toggle through all of these recordings effortlessly to compare variations in tempos, instrumental balance, solo lines, vocal performances, and many other nuances of the symphonic performance. The inclusion of these particular recordings also allows listeners to consider the ever-changing sensibilities brought to bear on Beethoven interpretations and recordings over five decades. In this single app, listeners can survey the gamut of artistic realizations that encompass the clarity and precision of Fricsay, the polish and elegance of von Karajan, the romantic grandiosity of Bernstein, and the historically reconstructed sound of Gardiner .ScoresThe app includes three different options for viewing the score. There is the digitized copy of the manuscript that Beethoven sent to the Royal Philharmonic Society in 18246. Currently housed in the British Library, the manuscript is the work of multiple copyists but includes corrections in Beethoven's hand.7 This is the score used by conductor George Smart at the London premiere of the symphony in 1825. …


Growth and financial constraint continue to hinder development in a multitude of areas in the public sector. Higher education has joined the growing list of public sector organizations turning toward the private sector for innovative solutions to the negative externalities of growth. On April 14, 2014, the University System of Georgia posted a request for qualified contractors for a first of its kind public–private partnership. Wishing to move away from its current long-term asset financing plan that utilized public–private ventures, and to move much of the bonded debt, the university system issued a call for contractors for the construction of campus housing on nine system-member institutions across the state of Georgia. In an effort to evaluate the importance of this contractual arrangement, a thematic analysis of publicly available contract documents is analyzed. We find that the university system's values associated with the project are best described as risk-averse behavior.


Introduction How Do We Count? Early Counting Counting in Other Species Ancient Numbers Chinese and New World Numbers Problems in Paradise The Negative Numbers Dealing with the Infinite Dedekind's Cut: Irrational Numbers Story of [pi]: Transcendental Numbers Expanding the Kingdom: Complex Numbers Really Big: Transfinite Numbers The Genius Calculators What Does It All Mean? Numbers: Past, Present, and Future End Notes Glossary Bibliography Index


In an amount of inter-symbol corresponds to the insertion of the fixed filter of the residual interference filter adaptive parameters optimized manner. Included in the optical signal receiver includes a digital signal processing means processing the digital signal converted optical signal: a linear adaptive filter, the transfer function of the linear action possible to dynamically control in a digital signal; maximum likelihood sequence decoder by maximum likelihood sequence estimation of the received signal is decoded, the maximum output signal and the control signal likelihood sequence estimation that the effect of the transfer function of the transmission path model in the plurality of signals and generating a plurality of candidate sequence control signals, the evaluation of the linear adaptive filter differential and estimates the most likely sequence of transmission time; a signal reproducer generates a sequence from the maximum likelihood decoder then decodes the data signal corresponding; additional filter feedback distortion, the transmission path used in the maximum likelihood sequence decoder additional equivalent model distortion in the output signal of the reproduction signal; difference between the target signal and the output signal of the adaptation of the filter control block, the additional distortion as a feedback filter and the digital signals as an error signal, updated by the LMS algorithm linear filter tap coefficient adaptation.


ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to explore the potential moderating role of perceived social support (school personnel, friends) and gender in the association between distinct psychopathic traits (callous-unemotional traits, narcissism, impulsivity) with bullying and victimization among 1442 Greek speaking early adolescents. Results suggested that all psychopathic traits were significant risk factors of bullying, whereas only impulsivity was a significant risk factor of victimization. Importantly, narcissism was the stronger explanatory factor of bullying. In addition, school and friend perceived social support acted as protective factors from victimization. Ιn addition, school and friend perceived social support moderated the link between narcissism and bullying. Specifically, narcissism was more strongly associated with bullying when school support was low and friend support was high. Finally, gender moderated the relationship only between narcissism and bullying, suggesting that the association between narcissism and bullying was stronger for boys compared to girls. Altogether, these findings highlight the importance of studying the influence of social context on youths with antisocial personality traits and their engagement in bullying and victimization. Findings might have implications for interventions aiming to reduce bullying and victimization.


Objective To study relationship of estrogen receptor,insulin-like growth factor type I and insulin-like growth factor type I receptor with uterine leiomyoma.Methods Expressions of estrogen receptor and insulin-like growth factor type I and insulin-like growth factor type I receptor were detected using immunohistochemistry method(SABC method).Results Expressions of ER 70%(28/40)and IGF-IR 67.5%(27/40) in uterine leiomyoma tissues were significantly higher than those in normal myomertrial tissues(P0.05).Expressions of ER and IGF-IR are very consistent in the same uterine leiomyoma tissues and the statistical analysis showed a correlation between expressions of estrogen receptor and insulin-like growth factor type I receptor.Conclusion The pathogenesis of uterine leiomyoma may be that estrogen receptor in uterine leiomyoma binds to estrogen and promotes expressions of peptide growth factors such as IGF-I and IGF-IR mRNA in uterine leiomyoma.Binding of IGF-I to IGFIR is contributive to development of uterine leiomyoma.


This paper proposes a close face-distance warning system in order to keep personal computer (PC) user away from to the PC display and to prevent straightened neck during prolong PC usage. The system estimates the distance between the display and the user face (called as face distance) from the user face area that is real-timely measured from captured image with built-in webcam. Haar-like cascade classifier is used for the face detection and tracking from captured image every frame. The face distance is then estimated from the number of pixels of the detected skin color area. The system then shows a pop-up warning message on the display when the face comes close to the display than a limit, in order to promote keeping face away from the display. From 20 test subjects, an experiment of the system implemented on a laptop-PC shows that the face distance was estimated within 9.42% of error at the distance from 25 to 55 cm. It was also found out that neck bend angle (vertical) increased from around 0 to about 40 degrees as the face distance decreased from around 55 to 25 cm. The proposed close face-distance warning system then was effective to prevent straightened neck and reduce neck uncomfortable without loosing work productivity during a long typing work on the PC.


During a low frequency storm event, there is a considerable hazard along the bay shoreline of Ocean City as a result of high water flowing back over the barrier toward the ocean. The purpose of this paper is to describe the approach taken by the study to identify measures to address such hazards.


Hydrogenations of double-bond-containing compounds such as carbonyls, imines, and olefins are crucial for living organisms as well as for the industrial production of chemicals. While chemical hydrogenations require metal catalysts or the use of stoichiometric amounts of metal hydrides, nature typically relies on organic cofactors such as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) in combination with metalloenzymes. Metal-free catalytic hydrogenations of olefins have been unknown both in nature and in chemical synthesis. Herein we disclose a highly efficient and remarkably chemoselective but completely metal-free catalytic transfer hydrogenation of a,b-unsaturated aldehydes. The hydrogenation of a,b-unsaturated carbonyl compounds is a useful but challenging transformation. As both 1,2and conjugate reductions readily occur, low selectivity for either of the two pathways is common. Catalytic hydrogenations of a,b-unsaturated aldehydes are possible, but the chemoselectivity is often low, and additional functional groups that are sensitive to hydrogenation conditions such as the benzyloxy, nitro, and nitrile groups are usually not tolerated. Alternative conjugate reductions have been realized with various substrate classes, but a mild, general, highly chemoselective, and catalytic variant that is applicable to a,b-unsaturated aldehydes has not been described. Reported conjugate reductions of aldehydes are either noncatalytic and require stoichiometric amounts of an (organo)metallic hydride source, require elevated temperatures, or show only modest selectivity. Clearly, a mild, catalytic, and highly chemoselective variant is highly desirable. Recently iminium catalysis emerged as a powerful method for the asymmetric catalysis of cycloadditions and conjugate additions to enals and enones. We reasoned that this catalysis strategy might be applicable to the conjugate reduction of a,b-unsaturated carbonyl compounds if a suitable hydride donor could be identified. Such a process would constitute the first metal-free catalytic transfer hydrogenation. We found that several ammonium salts (5 mol%) readily catalyze the conjugate reduction of o-nitrocinnamaldehyde (3a) to the corresponding saturated analogue 4a when the Hantzsch ester 1 (1.1 equiv) is also added at room temperature [Eq. (1), Table 1]. No reduction was observed in the


Bacteria Clostridium difficile are an important etiological factor of gastrointestinal tract infections. C. difficile-associated diseases (CDAD) have became more and more serious problem of nosocomial infections as well as the consequence of wide spread antibiotic therapy. CDAD's clinical manifestations present various spectrum: from asymptomatic carrying state till to the life-threatening courses of the infection. In the presented study actual epidemiological situation, risk factors, clinical manifestations, diagnostics and the present therapeutic possibilities as well as prophylaxis are described.


The appearance treatment methods such as sulfuration, oxidation of chrome salt, gold shift, inlay, paint, lost wax, bonded metal have been introduced and used to promote and decorate function, surface. Moreover, they are excellent.


Playing and the analytical experience. The article analyses the notion of playing in the thought of the English psychoanalyst Donald W. Winnicott, in the broad context of his work and main concepts such as the notion of transitionality, the notion of potential space and the notion of time. The relationship between mother and baby is studied and the game that arises in this relation becomes a reference for the thought about clinics and for the clinics itself. The article contributes to the understanding of the epistemological novelty of Winnicott's thought, comparing it to other current expressions of the scientific thought. The article also demonstrates how Winnicott's analytical session is lively and joyful, aiming at the integration and spontaneity of the self, conveying a radical vision of what human psychopathology is.


According to the defects condition in the process of manufacture, defect models of capacitor are designed and capacitors that has manual defect are made. In this paper, Delta (t) method is presented, so AC partial discharge statistic and analysis method can be used in DC condition. Because there is no phase window in DC detection, redundant data in DC partial discharge digital detection can be generated. To solve this problem, a trigger data collection method is used in the process of DC partial discharge detection. Data acquisition card starts working only when partial discharge pulse appears, so only partial discharge pulse data are collected in the process of detection. There is little redundant data in the detection result and the load of digital detection system can be reduced. Through the use of SQL Server 2000 relational data base, the problem of high sample frequency but limit ability of data storage is resolved and the partial discharge data can be easily shared by the group in this analysis system. Partial discharge detection and analysis system is designed based on a C/S mode, and the system has the function including data collection, data upload, data download and data analysis. At last, the partial discharge of internal defect capacitor is detected, and its 2D statistic figure and 3D statistic figure are presented.


A framework that can adjust and blend its activities or setups to satisfy users' needs continuously in real-time by considering the status of the user and the status of the system based on the present properties can be defined as an adaptive framework. Proposing an adaptive framework which can suggest functions by considering user emotions and context parameters such as location, time and current user activity can be used to improve the User Experience (UX) to enhance the usability of a mobile device. This paper introduces a research approach and an architectural framework to design an adaptive system. A prototype named "Emotional Keyboard" was developed as a proof of concept. It can suggest adaptive functions by detecting emotions from facial expressions and text data while considering the context parameters in real-time. Two user surveys have been conducted to strengthen the background of this research and five prototype evaluations have been carried out.


In this paper we present several classes of asymptotically good concatenated quantum codes and derive lower bounds on the minimum distance and rate of the codes. We compare these bounds with the best-known bound of Ashikhmin--Litsyn--Tsfasman and Matsumoto. We also give a polynomial-time decoding algorithm for the codes that can decode up to one fourth of the lower bound on the minimum distance of the codes.


We offer the technique for assessing the economic effectiveness of regional investment projects. Novelty of the technique consists in fact that one can have such assessments only on the base of two indicators such as the investments required and sectoral belonging of projects. We also offer the economic effectiveness criteria which allow ordering the projects according to regional administrations' preferences within some packet of investment proposals. An example of calculations made on some real data is presented.


Through the general market theory,this paper gives us the economic analysis on the pursuing phenomenon of students' evaluation of teaching,criticizing its theory origin,draws the conclusion that he manufacturer and consumer's theory is not suitable for students' evaluation of teaching,which is prone to morals risk and reverse choice on the basis of the manufacturer and consumer's theory.So students' evaluation of teaching is a non-objective behavior under the wrong direction of education industrialization at present.


Wearable device are crucial to the Internet of Things (IoT), with more than 35 million connected wearable devices in use at the end of 2014. In wearable devices and other IoT applications, integrated sensor interface circuits are required to prepare the analog sensor output for digital signal processing. In some cases, such as image sensors and electroencephalograms (EEG), a single interface needs to be shared among many sensors. Often the sensors operate in battery-powered devices, and hence power dissipation in the interface circuitry is of great concern. The interfaces usually require high-accuracy ultra-low-power analogto-digital converters (ADCs) with low signal bandwidth.