The rates of nitrogen desorption of inductively stirred liquid iron were measured under reduced pressures at 1 600°C, lind the effects of manganese lind copper 011 those rates were discussed. The rates of nitrogen desorption were apparently represented by the equlItion of sec on a order reaction rate in terms of nitrogen cOlltellt in liquid iron as shown by the previous investigators with the results obtained under lin argon atmosphere. The values of the rate constant of lIitrogen desorptioll, k N , decrease witlt increasing oxygen content in liquid iron and agreedfairly well with those obtained by other investigators when the oxygell cOlltellt is more than 0.02 % . At low concentrations of oxygen in mplts, however, the values of k N obtailled in the jJTesent work are higher than those of others, though there are some discrepancies amollg them. These results were exI)lained by lhe application of lhe mixed-control model ill eluding the mass transfer in both phases and the chemical reactioll at the inteljace. Consequently, although the rale of nitrogeh desorption has been regarded as the chemical reaclion control, the mass transfer in liquid iron should play an important role on the nitrogen desorption at lower oxygell concentratiolls. It is also found thllt the vaporizatioll of mangallese or copper in liquid iron decreases the rate of nitrogen desorj)tioll, due probably to the local decrease of interfacial temperature caused by the latent heat of vaporizatioll alld also to the decrease of the ejlctive reaction sitesfor nitrogen desorption.


We present a new framework for classifying common nouns that extends named-entity classification. We used a fixed set of 26 semantic labels, which we called supersenses. These are the labels used by lexicographers developing WordNet. This framework has a number of practical advantages. We show how information contained in the dictionary can be used as additional training data that improves accuracy in learning new nouns. We also define a more realistic evaluation procedure than cross-validation.


Within the Federal Government, there is a manufacturing operation, the Government Printing Office (GPO), that operates without subsidy or direct appropriation from Congress and that must recover its total costs—including labor, materials, overhead, amortization of machinery, and operation of its buildings—just as any large corporation must do if it intends to remain in business.


According to an exemplary embodiment of a plasma display panel including a first substrate and a second substrate, barrier ribs, address electrodes, phosphor layers, a first display electrode and the dielectric layer. The first and second substrates disposed facing each other. Barrier ribs disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate and form a discharge chamber. Address electrodes formed along a direction corresponding to the discharge chamber and on the first substrate. A phosphor layer formed in each discharge chamber. Display electrodes formed in a direction the address electrodes on the second substrate intersecting. A first dielectric layer covering the address electrodes. In the longitudinal direction of the address electrodes of the first substrate until at least one edge of the first dielectric layer is formed.


Since the crash of the Thai baht in 1997, Buddhist mass rituals of money and passion in Thailand are addressing the emotional predicaments of globalization with technologies of community that refigure the nation – from a geo-spatial body into a monetary spirit. Buddhist donation ceremonies, intended to shore up the national currency reserves, as well as mass rites staged to aid the spirit of the nation's leader, represent emerging practices of money, love, and identity in Thailand. This might suggest that the study of emotion should shift emphasis from the interpretation of numerous cultural systems toward addressing a shared global situation of subjection to international financial integration and uncertainty.


Objective To investigate defense mechanism and personality of divers and their relationship. Methods 414 naval divers were tested in group with Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ) and Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (16PF). Results Most frequently, divers applied mature defense. Among defense styles, anticipation scored highest which was followed by sublimation. However, score of suppression was relatively high, and that of humor was relatively low. Defense mechanism correlated significantly with personality. Conclusion Divers are considerably mature in defense mechanism, which is notably affected by personality.


The HolderCPS system presented in this paper falls into the category of recording systems created for the proactive maintenance of rotary bladed machines. Based on an innovative architecture, the Holder-type system contributes to machine equipment diagnosis and to early warnings on potential flaws in the functioning of the machine. The system is able to determine, in real time, the causes of the warnings and of the emergency stops of the machine, in order to avoid any potential failures, or the rendering inoperative of the machine. These causes can be established by monitoring the critical parameters of the machine: vibrations, temperature, and quality of the lubricating oil. Setting up the HolderCPS system, next to the rotary bladed machines, increases machine reliability by means of reliability-centered maintenance. As such, data collected and processed on the basis of algorithms relating to high speed mechanical systems, allow local diagnosis of the current state of the machine, or data transfer, by remote connection, to a laboratory where an off-line analysis can be performed.


Introduction. The aim of this work is to present a technique for the identification of fetal cells in the maternal circulation during delivery. Material and methods. From 7 Rh-negative mothers, peripheral blood samples were taken at delivery, also, blood was taken from umbilical cord of their 7 Rh positive children. Fetal cells were isolated by gradient centrifugation, and by selective separation using anti-CD14, and CD45, antibodies attached to magnetic beads; anti CD17 was used to eliminate fetal erythroblasts. DNA was extracted from fetal cells and the 4 and 5 exons of RhD, and RhCE genes were amplified with PCR. Maternal and neonatal Rh phenotype was established through immunoaglutination. Results. One 1 200 pair bases (pb) of the RhD gene, and one 600 pb of the RhCE were obtained from fetal cells; both bands were found in neonates while only the 600 pb (RhCE gene) was observed in mothers. RhD phenotype and genotype matched in 6 of the 7 cases; in the remaining case cellular material was insufficient for the study. Conclusions. We present a technique that identify fetal cells in the maternal circulation; several DNA studies may be performed with this technique without fetal risk.


For the most part, the pawns that were to be found in moneylenders' "shops" in the central and late Middle Ages were cheap objects, almost worthless. Poor borrowers had nothing better to offer. However, some rich institutions and opulent individuals presented creditors with spectacular and precious objects of art. Moneylenders dealing with church institutions accepted as sureties cult-articles considered sacred by Christians. The following pages will confront jurisprudence – religious and secular – on this aspect of the commerce of money with the reality of economic life in which these sacred articles played an important role.


Morphological component analysis (MCA) is a signal analysis method based on sparse model, its core idea is to represent different components of the signal based on morphological difference of the signal's components. It can separate overlapping texture and cartoon image layers by use two adapted dictionaries. MCA performs good in image inpainting, especially for the image scratch repairing, small area filling, and remove small object. In this paper, we proposed a color image inpainting algorithm based on MCA, and applied the proposed algorithm to repair the murals digital image in the Shibaoshan grotto of Jianchuan, Yunnan province. The central idea of the algorithm is converting the color image into the Lab color space, and inpainting the texture and piecewise smooth (cartoon) parts respectively. Meanwhile, our method increases the TV penalty term in the sparse representation of the cartoon parts to reduce the effects of the noise. Finally, the method combines three channels to realize the color image restoration. Experimential results show that the method has good performence on scratches and cracks in the inpainting of digital images of mural paintings.


Scientists in Japan have breathed a sigh of relief after the government backed away from slashing this year's science budget. In late December the government announced it would cut the budget by only 3.3% to ¥1 332bn (about €10.5bn) – a much smaller reduction than had previously been feared. The current administration, led by Prime Minister Yukio Hatoyama, has stated, however, that scientists may well have to defend their programmes against possible cuts during public hearings again next year.


This report documents Phase 2 of a project to design, develop, and test a zinc/bromine battery technology for use in utility energy storage applications. The project was co-funded by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Power Technologies through Sandia National Laboratories. The viability of the zinc/bromine technology was demonstrated in Phase 1. In Phase 2, the technology developed during Phase 1 was scaled up to a size appropriate for the application. Batteries were increased in size from 8-cell, 1170-cm{sup 2} cell stacks (Phase 1) to 8- and then 60-cell, 2500-cm{sup 2} cell stacks in this phase. The 2500-cm{sup 2} series battery stacks were developed as the building block for large utility battery systems. Core technology research on electrolyte and separator materials and on manufacturing techniques, which began in Phase 1, continued to be investigated during Phase 2. Finally, the end product of this project was a 100-kWh prototype battery system to be installed and tested at an electric utility.


We used nine microsatellite DNA markers to estimate genetic variation among wild and cultured populations of the sea squirt Halocynthia roretzi. The loci were polymorphic, with 6-32 alleles, and allelic richness ranged from 6.0 to 26.1 in each population. The wild and the cultured populations had similar mean heterozygosities (HO and HE), allele numbers, and allelic richness. One cultured population with softness syndrome had a lower mean in the observed heterozygosity (HO = 0.57) and higher mean inbreeding coefficient (F IS = 0.261) than any other populations. This suggests that the loss of genetic variation in the diseased population might be due to increased inbreeding. A neighbor-joining tree and pairwise population estimates of FST showed moderate genetic differentiation between the wild and the cultured populations. Additionally, the softness syndrome population was genetically divergent from wild populations, but it was genetically close to the cultured populations.


From the products of the reaction of [Co(H2O)(NH3)5](ClO4)3 with ethylenediamine (en) in dimethylsulfoxide, [Co(NH3)5(enH)]Br4 and [Co(NH3)6−2n(en)n]X3 (n = 0, 1, 2, and 3) were isolated. Treatment of [Co(NH3)5(enH)Br4 with aqueous ammonia gave a novel complex, [Co(NH3)5(en)]Br3 containing en as a monodentate ligand.


In support of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Office of the Associate Administrator Commercial Space Transportation, the John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center has retained the services of Harris Miller Miller & Hanson Inc. and the Aerospace Corporation to conduct a study of noise and sonic boom models which may be applicable to the computation of environmental impacts for the commercial space industry. This Final Report catalogs existing noise and sonic boom models from recent government and commercial launch environmental documents and a search of relevant literature. The models are evaluated against calculation methods presented in recent literature and the requirements of the National Environmental Policy Act as provided in FAA Order 1050.1E, FAA Order 5050.4B, and the Environmental Desk Reference for Airport Actions to determine the necessity of a new model. The process of developing a model is described though a summary of the recent draft Environmental Protection Agency document, Draft Guidance on the Development, Evaluation and Application of Environmental Models, and the direct experience of persons who have worked on past model development efforts for FAA's Integrated Noise Model (INM) and the Federal Highway Administration's Traffic Noise Model. The feasibility of integrating a new model into the INM is examined by comparing the input, computation methods, and output for the INM and launch noise and sonic boom models.


Natural ultramicronized calcium carbonate and mixtures of fumed silica + natural ultramicronized calcium carbonate are proposed as a filler for solvent-based polyurethane (PU) adhesives. The PU adhesive containing only calcium carbonate showed similar thermal, mechanical, surface, and adhesion properties to those of the PU adhesive without a filler. The addition of 90 wt% fumed silica + 10 wt% calcium carbonate mixture to the PU adhesive produced a performance similar to or improved over that of the PU adhesive containing only fumed silica. The increase in the amount of natural calcium carbonate with respect to fumed silica in the filler mixture had a detrimental effect on the rheological and mechanical properties of the PU adhesives, although the surface and final adhesion properties were not noticeably modified. The immediate adhesion (45 min after joint formation) was noticeably increased in the joints produced with the PU adhesives containing fillers, mainly in those with a higher fumed silica content; a cohesive failure in the adhesive was produced in those joints and the mechanical and rheological properties of the PU adhesives determined the immediate adhesion. The failure in the joints peeled 72 h after joint formation was adhesional and the adhesion properties were mainly determined by the surface properties of the PU adhesives. All the adhesive joints showed a similar final adhesion because they have similar surface properties.


This article discusses the aesthetic concept of boringness, of which there has been relatively little philosophical discussion, especially along its objective, nonpsychological dimensions. I begin by confronting skepticism about the validity of judgments about boringness and rebut suggestions to the effect that these judgments are inevitably compromised by mistakes or vices of the audience. The article then develops an account focused on certain kinds of reasonable expectations we form in a given aesthetic context. I go on to confront the question of whether boringness is inevitable given the internal imperatives of works of art and illustrate the discussion with Richard Wagner's Ring cycle. Although I focus on art, I conclude by drawing some connections with the boring in everyday life. Those who bore others are the plebeians, the crowd, the endless train of humanity in general; those who bore themselves are the chosen ones, the nobility.1 We rarely think much about the boring, choosing more often to dwell on the psychological state of being bored and even then deploring more often than investigating. Thinking about the subject can seem precious, decadent even. Only indolent aristocrats, perhaps, sit about bemoaning their ennui, like Romans at Pompeii. And yet the boring is a fundamental presence in our lives. It is absolutely central to our evaluation of art, 'uninteresting' and 'dull' being among the strongest criticisms we make, and many have quit their jobs or left their spouses for related reasons. The fact that we nevertheless seem so often to tolerate the boring—or even to seek it out and criticize those who avoid it—raises important questions in aesthetics and perhaps even ethics.2


UNLABELLED
INTRODUCTIOD: Over the past 15 years, the relative frequency of detection of erosive form of GERD has increased from 3,1 to 16%. Manifestations of GERD in different ethnic populations of Yakutia are not well understood.

AIM
Studying kliniko-endoscopic and the morfofunktsionalnykh of features of GERD in various ethnic groups living in conditions of Yakutia.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
The study included 168 patients with GERD of different ethnic origins. Yakuts, Evens and Evenks, were considered as indigenous people and newcomers were all persons of other nationalities, who arrived at different times from other regions of Russia. The average age was 41.75 ± 24.73 years.

RESULTS
Clinical manifestations of GERD in different ethnic groups living in Yakutia. Leukoplakia of the esophagus was detected in the indigenous population are four times more likely than newcomers. With GERD associated with thyroid disorders prevalent low level of contamination of Helicobacter pylori. Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with GERD in Yakutia was higher among immigrants than among the indigenous, with a high degree of contamination of Helicobacter pylori was detected more frequently in immigrants than among the indigenous. Pathological gastroesophageal reflux during the daily pH-metry of the esophagus was detected more frequently in patients visiting than among the indigenous.

CONCLUSIONS
The found features of a current of GERD can be further the basis for the individualized and differentiated approaches to treatment of this disease.


Through a long term located experiment, the effect of climatic elements on the grain number per spike of winter wheat were studied. The results show that the days from the time when the average temperature of 5 days is first beyond 4℃ to the time when the differentiation of stamen and pistil primordium begins are the main element to affect the grain number per spike of winter wheat. And it is also affected by the lowest average temperature to the booting stage and the sunshine time to the heading stage. The influencing order of every factors to the grain number per spike of winter wheat is the day numbersunshine timethe lowest average temperature. So the relationships among the spike, the grain number and the 1000 grain weight should be cooperated to get high yield in different years.


The chick embryo, confined in the eggshell, has to dispose/buffer the acid generated by its metabolism, as well as to release calcium from the shell which is used for growth. To localise H(+)-ATPase, electron microscope and immunocytochemical studies were conducted on chorioallantoic membranes of 15-17 d chick embryos. Ultrastructural studies of the villus cavity (VC) cells in the chorionic epithelium demonstrated that their apical plasma membrane, juxtaposed with the shell membranes, contains microvilli as well as microplicae which possess 9-10 nm studs at a density of 16,700 particles/micron2, a characteristic feature of the polarised H(+)-ATPase pump. Immunocytochemical staining, using a monoclonal antibody to the 31 kDa subunit of H(+)-ATPase, confirmed the presence of large amounts of the vacuolar H(+)-ATPase in the VC shells with a distribution highly polarised towards the eggshell membranes. Immunoelectron-microscopic localisation studies using a rabbit antiserum to whole bovine H(+)-ATPase and immunogold technique, confirmed the localisation of H(+)-ATPase at the apical microvilli/microplicae as well as in the subapical vesicles. In the allantoic epithelium, the presence of mitochondria-rich (MR) cells was confirmed; it was shown that these cells extend through the full thickness of this epithelium. The MR cells also contained large numbers of 9-10 nm studs, typical of proton secreting cells, in their apical plasma membrane. This was confirmed by immunocytochemical staining which showed abundant localisation of H(+)-ATPase in these cells; this localisation was, however, diffuse rather than apical.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)


SUGGESTED BOOKS & LITERATURE
* INTRODUCTION
* BOTANY AND SYSTEMATICS OF PASTURE PLANTS
* IDENTIFICATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF TROPICAL
FORAGE SPECIES
* PASTURE IMPROVEMENT PROGRAMMES AND BREEDING
* METHODS OF PROPAGATION
* PHYSIOLOGY OF PASTURE PLANTS
* TROPICAL CLIMATE AND IMPLICATION ON PASTURE
PRODUCTION
* VEGETATION BELTS OF NIGERIA AND ADAPTATION OF
FORAGE SPECIES
* SOIL – PLANT – ANIMAL INTERRELATIONSHIPS
* SOME TERMINOLOGIES


The invention provides an ultra-low density solid buoyant material and a manufacture method, which can solve the problem caused by high density in the prior art. A core material in the buoyant material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-100 parts of methacrylonitrile, 40-70 parts of methacrylic acid, 0.2-0.4 part of initiating agent, 1-10 parts of foaming agent and 0.1-5 parts of crosslinker. A polymethacrylimide hard foaming material is used as the core material of a solid buoyant material, the density and the water absorbing capacity of the solid buoyant material can be reduced, and the compressive strength of the solid buoyant material can be improved; a water-resisting material can be used as a surface material of the solid buoyant material, the core material is prevented from directly contacting the water, and the water absorbing capacity is reduced to form double-functions for the solid buoyant material. According to the manufacture method of the ultra-low density solid buoyant material, the ultra-low density solid buoyant material with minimum total density of 0.12g/cm3, pressing resistance of more than 1MPA, compression strength of more than 1.5MPA and water absorbing capacity of less than 1 percent can be manufactured.


Data obtained from existing hospital and police records are used to describe the general pattern of injury sustained by pedestrians. It is shown that although head, leg and arm injuries are the most frequent injuries sustained the exact pattern of injury is influenced by many factors. In particular pedestrian age, vehicle type, location of initial pedestrian contact with the vehicle and overall injury severity are shown to influence the injuries sustained. The severity of the injuries considered in describing the pattern of injury is also shown to have an effect on the pattern of injury.


2016–present University of Tennessee at Chattanooga Associate Head 2015–present University of Tennessee at Chattanooga Associate Professor 2012–2015 University of Tennessee at Chattanooga Assistant Professor 2011–2012 University of Tennessee at Chattanooga Visiting Assistant Professor 2010–2011 Boston College Visiting Assistant Professor 2007–2010 University of Rochester Postdoctoral Faculty / Visiting Assistant Professor 2002–2007 University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign Graduate Teaching Assistant 2000–2001 San José State University Lecturer 1999–2000 San José State University Teaching Associate


Features of mental capacity of children of secondary school age in a competitive activity. A psycho diagnostic examination of children of school age (10-15 years) has been systematically engaged in rock climbing. The features of cognitive efficiency of athletes in a competitive and recovery activities. The features of cognitive efficiency of athletes in competitive and recovery activities. Found that decreasing cognitive efficiency in children of secondary school age, in terms of competitive activity, are functional in nature and amenable to the reduction in early recovery period.


The present invention relates to a liver disease, pharmaceutical composition to the citrus peel Canary routine extracts or with Canary routine as an active ingredient, since the same function as reducing the fat content in cholesterol and liver tissue, liver disease preventive and therapeutic composition or it can be used as food. The present invention also discloses a method for producing a citrus fermented milk by using this method and to extract the Canary routine from citrus and fatigue.


In considering new residential or commercial developments for approval, Florida applies the principle of road concurrency, in which no proposed new development is approved unless local roads adequate to serve it at a certain desired level of service either already exist or will be built concurrent with the proposed development. This paper suggests that road concurrency is not a workable policy since building more roads or expanding existing ones cannot prevent many major roads from becoming congested at peak commuting hours. Limiting overall new development in a state is also viewed as basically unconstitutional, since the concurrency principle is a growth-limiting regulation and no state has the right to restrict the inflow of newcomers from other states. The concurrency principle also has several unintentional but undesirable consequences, including sprawl, increased new housing costs, and inadequate maintenance of existing roads.


Author(s): Bauman, Fred; Webster, Tom; Dickerhoff, Darryl | Abstract: On May 16-18, 2008, CBE researchers working in collaboration with key personnel from Engineered Interiors Group (EIG), Opus NW Management/GPT, and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), conducted air leakage tests in the EPA Region 8 Headquarters Building in Denver, CO. There were two primary objectives for this testing:1. Determine the characteristic air flow leakage rate from the underfloor air distribution system on the 7th floor, and2. Using alternative testing methods assess the overall accuracy and effectiveness of the GSA leak testing protocol.We begin this report with a description of the EPA building, a background description of the basic leakage types, discussion of airflow measurement methods, and a description of the GSA protocol. This is followed with a section that documents the results of all testing accomplished and includes discussions of these results and their implications for the GSA protocol. In the Appendices, we provide a detailed documentation of the test and calibration procedures and reprint the GSA Protocol.


Monitoring moisture content in fouled railroad ballast is important for understanding the structural integrity of the ballast. A semi-empirical mixing model is developed in this work to understand microwave signal propagation in the heterogeneous and multi-dielectric structure of ballast to facilitate the future use of embedded wireless sensors. The model uses the measured dielectric properties and volumetric percent composition of the materials in the mixture to determine the dielectric properties of the composite. The attenuation data calculated from the model show good agreement with measured data at 1.2 GHz. The model thus shows promise in predicting moisture content in railroad ballast with the use of microwave propagation measurements.


The article describes the influence of the voltages non-sinusoidal form of the supplying three-phase network to the rectified voltage's quality of the multipulse rectifier with a ring connection of the valve arm. The created mathematical model makes it possible to determine the shape of the rectifier's rectified voltage taking into account the asymmetry and non-sinusoidal voltage of the supply network. The results of calculations using a mathematical model are verified by way of physical model. The aim of research is to find out the most stable rectification scheme in case of three-phase network power supply of rectifier.


The fracture and deformation behavior of the ordered NiAl and FeAl intermetallics were studied on the basis of full-potential local-density linear-muffin-tin orbital total-energy calculations of the shear and cleavage decohesion processes. Based on ab initio calculations of generalized stacking fault energetics, the structure of the dislocation core was constructed in the scope of the Peierls-Nabarro model with a generalized restoring force law. We found that dislocations in FeAl show a strong tendency for splitting into two superpartials, in contrast with NiAl. Estimates of the Peierls stress yield the correct preferred slip systems for NiAl (i.e., 〈100〉 {110}) and FeAl (i.e., 〈111〉 {110}). \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.


In general, a deck plate of a box girder such as ship hull is subjected to inplane tensile and/or compressive load due to longitudinal bending. A deck plate is a main strength member of a box girder, and is stiffened by stiffeners and girders in the longitudinal and transverse directions to prevent overall buckling under compressive load. When the strength of a deck plate is considered, the plate elements subdivided by stiffeners and girders play an important role, and the precise evaluation of their compressive strength is necessary. In this paper, as a series of research, the compressive ultimate strength of a rectangular plate is theoretically investigated as follows.(1) The mode of initial deflection is measured on 33 deck panels of Bulk Carrier and Pure Car Carrier, and the coefficients of components of initial deflection are calculated.(2) A series of elastic-plastic large deflection analysis is performed assuming the measured mode of initial deflection. According to the results of calculation, it is due to the effect of large deflection that inplane rigidity reduces in the middle part of the plate in the case of thin plate, while it is due to the local plastification by bending in the case of thick plate.(3) Based on the results of calculation, deflection method and curveture method are proposed to predict the compressive ultimate strength of thin plate and thick plate, respectively. In both methods, a rectangular plate with uni-modal initial deflection is considered which is equivalent in behavior to the actual panel. It is demonstrated that these methods predict the compressive ultimate strengths which have good relations with calculated ones.(4) Effective coefficient of initial deflection is more precisely evaluated, and its simple formula is proposed.


The paper describes multi-level graph processing system, which allows to develop graph algorithms independently of underlying computational architecture and details of graph storage format. This system is designed to be used in network science and other research fields involving processing of large graphs with complex algorithms.


Metallized poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) films were prepared by a two-stage method. In the first stage, PVA-AgNO 3 chelate films were treated with doping agents, such as an ethanol solution of I 2 , an aqueous solution of K 2 CO 3 or K 2 CrO 4 . Silver salts were formed on the films surfaces. In the second stage, these treated films were further reduced by a NaBH 4 aqueous solution. After this treatment, good electrical conductivity and films with long-term stability can be obtained. Similarly, polyacrylonitrile-AgNO 3 complex films were studied


This paper introduces the concept of software component technology and knowledge discovery in database .It also describes the features of knowledge discovery systems. Then presents the design and implementation details of a Web Mining system based on J2EE.


Abstract. The aim of the article is to study the importance of balance budgeting for agribusiness enterprises and to develop a sample balance budget that meets the needs and characteristics of their activities, reflects the key indicators of financial condition to achieve the target level of economic development. Approaches to determining the essence of the budget and budgeting are generalized, the main features of budget classification are systematized and the place and importance of the balance budget are characterized. The peculiarities of drawing up balance budgets for agribusiness enterprises, which consist in the method of initial recognition of agricultural products, assessment of current and long-term biological assets, reflection in the accounting of land plots, biological transformations, are analyzed. The method of determining budget indicators, the procedure for their coordination and relationship with other types of budgets are described. The proposed balance budget is substantiated, which is supplemented by analytical parameters to assess the financial condition of the enterprise and support effective decision-making. The balance sheet usually contains standard items of financial statements by month for the year, so an important addition is the presentation of deviations for all indicators for the year and average annual values, which will provide more smooth estimates. The scientific novelty of the study is to formalize the process of balance budgeting and balance sheet development for agribusiness enterprises, which takes into account the peculiarities of their activities and contains analytical indicators that help model liquidity, solvency and financial stability and achieve them in the long run. The results of the study allow to organize budgeting more effectively, facilitate the process of developing balance budgets and present them in a supplemented form to manage the financial condition of agribusiness enterprises, increase their book value and economic development.
Keywords: budget, balance budgeting, agribusiness enterprise.
JEL Classification М49, М21, Q19
Formulas: 0; fig.: 0; tabl.: 1; bibl.: 22.


Embodiments of the invention relate to a mask for forming a contact hole in said mask in a photolithography process for forming the contact hole, a mask pattern for forming a contact hole is designed such that it The horizontal axis is greater than the length of the length of the vertical axis, a vertical axis or a length greater than the length of the horizontal axis. In an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method for manufacturing a mask, said mask having a pattern for forming a plurality of contact holes, wherein the distance between the contact hole can be formed in a different pattern design.


Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and outcome of percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) in Urology Departments of developing countries with limited resources. Patients and methods: This prospective study was conducted between January 1999 and July 2006 based on 73 patients who underwent percutaneous nephrostomy as an emergency treatment of obstructive uropathy. The procedure was performed under local anesthesia through a posterolateral approach on the upper border of the 12th rib using a cystostomy or nephrostomy set. Results: Percutaneous nephrostomy was successfully done in 94.5 % of cases. There were two failures and two complications. Conclusion: Percutaneous nephrostomy is a simple and effective therapeutic procedure for the emergency treatment of urinary tract obstruction of various etiologies. It is an important step in training for renal endoscopic surgery in developing countries. However, hemorrhagic and infectious complications remain serious risks that should be taken into consideration. African Journal of Urology Vol. 12 (4) 2006: pp. 245-247


Summary form only given. We report a series of measurements of ion current density (with a Faraday cup) and integrated electron line density (with a microwave interferometer) for a cathodic arc derived plasma. The ion current measurements were made at various radii from the center of the plasma plume. We compare the differences in electron density and plasma radial profile between cathode materials (erbium and titanium), are current (100 A to 400 A), pressure (10/sup -6/ torr to 10/sup -3/ torr), and the presence or absence of a series magnetic solenoid around the coaxial anode and cathode.


Abstract Rice bran is widely used in rice-producing countries as a feed ingredient in layer diets. It contains a high level of P, of which 80% is phytate-bound P. A trial was conducted on a commercial layer farm to evaluate effects of three different sources of microbial phytase (Phytase A, Phytase B, and Phytase C) on production performance of brown-egg layers fed diets containing 22% rice bran. A total of 46,080, 23-wk-old layers was used. They were randomly allocated to 20 identical houses containing 2,304 birds per house. A standard control diet containing 0.31% nonphytate P and 3.60% calcium was used. The control diet was reformulated to contain 0.19% nonphytate P to which three different sources of microbial phytase were added. Phytase A was added at 180 g/ tonne, Phytase B at 120 g/tonne, and Phytase C at 60 g/tonne. All experimental diets were fed to layers for 25 wk. Results indicated that there were no statistically significant phytase effects, regardless of source, on hen-day production, feed intake, egg mass, or number of cracked eggs when compared to the control treatment group. The result suggests that Phytases A, B, and C are effective sources of microbial phytase that can be used in reduced-P layer diets containing a high level of rice bran.


The situation in which a component or structure is maintained at high temperature under the action of cyclic thermal and/or mechanical loadings represents, perhaps, one of the most demanding engineering applications—if not, in fact, the most demanding one [...]


Sap-sucking sea slugs, Sacoglossa, are almost all suctorial herbivores feeding on siphonalean green algae. Ercolania is probably the most species-rich genus in the family Limapontiidae, containing at least 25 species, most of which feed on filamentous green algae of the order Cladophorales. Here we describe an ewErcolania species from the Andaman Sea coast of Thailand. The species is very small, generally less than 1 mm long in sexually mature animals. It is found exclusively on the leaves of the seagrass Halophila ovalis and accordingly we name it Ercolania halophilae n. sp. Anatomy and histology have been studied by serial sectioning and 3D-reconstruction. This is the first limapontioid species studied in full 3D-microanatomical detail. Ercolania halophilae shows several special features. A heart and pericardium are absent, as is also seen in a few other species of Sacoglossa. Salivary glands are very prominent and unequal on left and right sides. There is a system of highly vacuolated cells situated along the main digestive gland tubules. Those cells are apparently associated with the kidney and we assume that they are involved in excretion. Radular teeth are sabot-shaped and more similar in shape to those of the enigmatic Japanese Alderiopsis nigra than to any known species of Ercolania. The reproductive system is typical limapontiid, with a closed seminal receptacle, a penetrant penial stylet and a bilobed prostate gland. Branches of the albumen gland enter the cerata, as seen in some but not all species presently referred to Ercolania. We therefore place the species in Ercolania rather than the poorly defined Alderiopsis. We briefly compare limapontiid genera and show that revision is needed.


FIELD: process engineering. SUBSTANCE: set of invention relates to metal machining. Strip is directed at preset rate via set 2 of rollers including, roller 3, 3-1, 3-2 and, at least, one pother roller 3, 3-1, 3-2. Origination of slippage is controlled by registering, at least, one operating parameter of roller 3, 3-1, 3-2 and, in slippage, registering actual circumferential speed of roller 3, 3-1, 3-2 and/or that of another roller 3, 3-1, 3-2 and/or strip speed are varied to approximate slipping roller speed to that of strip. EFFECT: possibility to detect strip slippage relative to roller. 12 cl, 3 dwg


Phenyldimethylchlorosilane was synthesized from chlorobenzene and dimethyldichlorosilane in 72% yield. The title compound was applied to the semi-synthesis of simvastatin in 49% yield.


Background: Malaria is communicable disease that exists worldwide and is a cause of morbidity and mortality. Our objectives were to determine the prevalence and distribution of malaria by sex, age groups and species in year 2019 in suspected malarial population of District D.I.Khan, Pakistan.Materials Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Community Medicine, Gomal Medical College, D.I.Khan, Pakistan from October 1, 2020 to October 31, 2020. The data for malaria was retrieved from office of Frontier Primary Healthcare, D.I.Khan for 2019. A sample of 108,849 was calculated from population at risk of 1,306,655, with 0.258154 margin of error, 99% CI and 13.843% assumed prevalence of malaria. Sex, age groups, species and presence of malaria were our four nominal variables. Prevalence and distribution were described by count and percentage with 95% confidence intervals. Four hypotheses for prevalence and distribution were verified by chi-square goodness of fit test.Results: Out of a sample of 108,849 suspected malarial cases, 9,568 (8.79%, 95%CI, 8.62-8.95%) were positive. Out of 9,568 positive cases, 5,406 (4.97%) were men and 4,162 (3.82%) women, 1,062 (0.98%) in age group up to 5 years and 8,506 (7.81%) in age group 5 years and 9,121 (8.38%) were Plasmodium vivax, 437 (0.40%) were Plasmodium falciparum and 10 (0.009%) were mixed malarial infections. Our prevalence of malaria 8.79% was lower to 13.843% expected (p=.00001). Our distribution across sex (p=.00001), age groups (p=.03231) and species (p=.00001) were not similar to expected.Conclusion: The prevalence of malaria in year 2019 in suspected malarial population of District D.I.Khan, Pakistan was 8.79%. The prevalence was lower than expected for our population. The prevalence was higher for men, older age group (5 years) and for Plasmodium vivax. The prevalence for men was higher than expected for men and vice versa for women. The prevalence for age group up to 5 years was higher than expected for age group up to 5 years and vice versa for age group 5 years. The prevalence for Plasmodium vivax was higher than expected for Plasmodium vivax and vice versa for Plasmodium falciparum and mixed cases.


The purpose of our experimental investigation was the development of new surgical approach to the removal of bone-arterial defects of more than 3 cm in associated gunshot bone-arterial injuries of the extremities is presented in the article. The approach developed by us showed definite efficacy and perspectives of using nanostructural thermo-broadened graphite as a basic component of the adsorbing bandage.


Polycyclotrimerization of aromatic dicyanate (i. e. bisphenol A dicyanate, BPADCy) produces a polycyanate network with s-triazine rings as crosslinking points. In this study, different amounts of poly-[(ethyl acrylate)-co-(acrylic acid)] (PEAc) were mixed with BPADCy, and heated to generate PEAc-modified polycyanates. In contrast to the usual two-phase thermoplastic-modified polycyanates, the PEAc-modified polycyanates are single-phase in nature (according to results of optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy). The miscibility between linear PEAc and thermosetting polycyanate is due to hydrogen-bonding (H-bonding) between carboxylic acid groups in PEAc and s-triazine rings in polycyanate. This H-bond interactions can be verified by infrared spectroscopy using the —OH, —C=O, and —C=N stretching modes in PEAC/BPADCy mixtures at different temperatures. Infrared spectroscopy on model compound mixtures (succinic acid/BPADCy) was also conducted to confirm the H-bond interactions between cyanate groups and —COOH groups.


our knowledge of German revisionism as a movement hardly goes beyond what is known of Bernstein's confrontation of orthodox Marxism. As early as 1907 Rudolf Hilferding identified as the true 'impresario of German revisionism' not Bernstein but Joseph Bloch (1871-1936), editor of the revisionist organ, the Sozialistische Monatshefte, from its inception as the Sozialistischer Akademiker until its suppression in 1933.2 If Bloch by no means escaped the attention of his contemporaries, he has since passed into an obscurity


Lymphopenia accompanies some autoimmune diseases.1 Several studies,2,3 but not others,4,5 have suggested that lymphopenia occurs in treatment-naive multiple sclerosis (MS), so the issue remains unresolved. This is important since lymphopenia may identify an immunologically distinct subset of MS. Also, lymphopenia may emerge as a risk factor for serious viral infections of the brain during dimethyl fumarate treatment.2 We therefore embarked on a retrospective controlled study of pretreatment lymphopenia in relapsing MS.


In order to solve the problem of population information management caused by population mobility,a GIS platform-based population management model and applied system were presented.Firstly the system's architecture and software structure were described,then emphasis was laid on the query of space relation,the technology and actualizing methods of space analysis.Finally,the application prospect of GIS in Chinese government's informatization and its influence on the technology of population information management was analyzed.This system increases the query methods of population information,expands the application field,and improves the accuracy in query.


This research aims to determine influence of risk level and debt equity ratio on the stock price either partially or simultaneously. This research conduct of manufacturing companies in the basic and chemical industry listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period 2016 – 2018. The company sampled as many as 32 of the 71 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the basic and chemical industry by using simple random sampling. The study analyzed two independent variables using secondary data in the form of panel data with a cross-section in thirty two companies and a time of three years The analysis was regression with a random effect specification. The result of this research show that (1) risk level that proxy by z-score have positive and significant effect toward the stock price changes with significance value of 0,0017 0,05 (3) the level of risk and debt equity ratio are influence simultaneously toward the stock price changes with significance value of 0,006 < 0,05. The correlation coefficient of 0,103 with low classified and the coefficient of determination of 8,3%.
Keywords: Risk Level, Debt Equity Ratio, Stock Price


Fine-grained copper films on a flexible substrate were cyclically deformed under constant strain range control. It was found that cyclic dislocation plasticity through individual dislocation glide is still dominant at the submicrometer scale, while the ability of irreversible slip of dislocations gradually decreases and the damage was changed from extrusion-induced localization to cracking along grain boundary. Statistical evaluation of the mean spacing between slip bands and/or lines leads to a critical scale (∼28 nm) below which dislocation-controlled cyclic strain localization would be shut down.


As negative feedback in control systems is often not applicable and/or produces undesirable effects, this paper presents an analysis and simulation of a finite impulse response (FIR) sigma delta A/D converter comprising of a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) and D-flip-flop to digitize data. The FIR sigma delta modulator (SDM) is analyzed in terms of performance and simulation results are given. As an application example conventional condenser microphones are introduced and then improved upon utilizing the FIR sigma delta modulator. Proof-of-concept is given along with simulation results


While the open cut mining and processing of black coal has clear objectives and must be carried out cost-effectively, there is an apparent lack of clear objectives in the rehabilitation of the spoil areas that result and a sense that spoil rehabilitation is merely an added cost. There is a need for rehabilitation to be recognised as an integral part of the operation that must be carried out cost-effectively. The paper describes the first pass application of a risk assessment model to the rehabilitation of spoil areas in the Bowen Basin Coalfields of central Queensland, Australia, carried out under the Australian Coal Association Research Program (ACARP) Project C8039 entitled "Risk Management Strategies for the Surrender of Open Cut Coal Mine Spoil Areas in the Bowen Basin Coalfields". A brief description of the project is first presented, the methodology being employed is summarised, progress is reported and the application of risk analysis is discussed.


The purpose of the present study was to evaluate and modify a previously developed test battery to measure gross motor performance underwater. The addition of new tests, modification of existing tests, and standardization of instructions and procedures was successful in substantially improving validity and reliability.


Set-valued attribute  Generalization of each value in the set into its corresponding higher-level concepts  Derivation of the general behavior of the set, such as the number of elements in the set, the types or value ranges in the set, or the weighted average for numerical data  hobby = {tennis, hockey, chess, violin, nintendo_games} generalizes to {sports, music, video_games} List-valued or a sequence-valued attribute  Same as set-valued attributes except that the order of the elements in the sequence should be observed in the generalization


For the further study on the problems of behavior intelligence of apery organs of head and of facial expressions and of the communication of robot with mankind,the problems of introducing for the first time the degree of lip rounding and its speech harmonization into the expression robot system,and the researches were carried through.On the basis of robot system "HFrobot-II",which possesses facial expression and visual humanoid head portrait that has already been successfully developed,and in accordance with the muscle anatomy of human facial movements and with the coding system FACS of Ekmen facial expression,the setting up of driving points of lip movements and the degree of lip rounding driving mechanism and its controlling method were discussed.The speech and degree of lip rounding system were designed and developed.Finally the harmonization experimental results of speech recognition and degree of lip rounding for robot "HFrobot-III" were presented.Its degree of lip rounding could tally nicely with the degree of lip rounding for persons that spoke the same saying.The feasibility of the speech and degree of lip rounding system was testified,thus laid a technological foundation for the further study on the expression intelligence of robots.


1. The absorbent article for absorbing liquid exudates user when wearing in the crotch region, the absorbent article comprises an absorbent core to absorb liquid discharges, conductive layer in electrical contact with the absorbent core, and at least one set of first and second electrical contacts to the conductive layer, such that when the first and second electrical contacts applied electrical potential therebetween and through the conductive layer an electric current flows in such a time to go to the first path with a relatively high impedance along conductive layer when the absorbent core is in the dry state, and to follow the path with a comparatively low impedance when the absorbent core is in a wet state due to the liquid discharge, which is at least partially deviates from the absorbent core, with the impedance change at the transition from a state to a state dry film layer may be wet izmerit.2. The absorbent article of claim 1, wherein a plurality of sets of first and second terminals spaced along and / or across the conductive sloya.3. The absorbent article of claim 1, wherein the contact sets and the conductive layer are distributed longitudinally along the absorbent core of at least about 25%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70% or even 80% of the total longitudinal length of the absorbent core .4. The absorbent article of claim 1, wherein the contacts and the conductive layer are arranged so as to pass an electric current across and / or along through the absorbent core when it is wet, at least 25%, 30%, 40%, 50 %


This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary genistein (Gn) on broiler immune system. A corn-soybean meal basal diet was supplemented with five genistein levels (10, 20, 40, 80 and 160 mg of Gn/kg) in a completely randomised design with 5 replicates of 10 birds. Dietary control treatments were included the negative control diet with no feed additive supplementation and two positive control groups supplemented with either virginiamycin or zinc bacitracin. Three hundred and fifty day-old male broiler chicks were fed with the experimental diets from 1 to 42 days of age. On days 13 and 23, chicks were vaccinated against Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and infectious bronchitis virus disease (IBV), respectively. The 10 chicks from each dietary treatment (two per pen replicate) were bled on day 6 and 12 after vaccinations. Sera samples were use in hemagglutination inhibition test for NDV and ELISA test for IBV. Dietary supplementation with 20 mg/kg Gn caused increases (p<0.01) in antibody titres against Newcastle and infectious bronchitis diseases viruses at day 12 after vaccine administration. However, diet modifications had no significant effect on blood leukocyte sub-populations and heterophil to lymphocyte ratio. The present results suggest that dietary supplementation with genistein especially at the levels of 20 and 40 mg/kg can improve immunological responses of broiler chicks.


A novel polygeneration system was integrated in this paper,which co-generates coke, methanol and power,based on coal gas produced by a gasifier and coke oven gas(COG).In conventional coke-making processes,the COG with high quality is burned directly to provide coking heat.However, in coke-making processes of the new system,we burned Coal with low quality rather than COG. According to the whole system analyses,and the character of Coal gas rich in CO and COG rich in H_2,we combined these two kinds of gases to make synthesis gases,eliminated the shift and reforming reaction,and adopted the part-recycle scheme in methanol synthesis unit.The new system integrated the processes of coke-making,chemical production and power generation,along with cascade utilization of thermal energy and material.In this manner,both chemical energy of fuel and thermal energy can be used more effectively.Compared to the conventional systems,the primary energy saving ratio is about 22%.The exergy analyses showed that:the coal is transformed into the COG indirectly only by being burnt,through supplying the coking heat by coal instead of COG;the elimination of reforming reaction and the combination of coal gas and COG is the key processes for the high performance of the new system,too.In a word,this new system will provide a new way to utilize coal and COG more efficiently,and a new choice for the clean coal technology.


Editor—Tarrier et al's randomised controlled trial of intensive cognitive behaviour therapy for patients with chronic schizophrenia seems to show that cognitive behaviour therapy offers advantages over routine care alone. It is not clear, however, that the patients receiving cognitive behaviour therapy did better than a third group, which received non-specific supportive counselling. The outcomes in this group were intermediate between those for the cognitive behaviour therapy and routine care groups and apparently did not differ significantly from either, although the paper is not as clear as it could be on this point.

This study provides some evidence that the course of schizophrenia can be improved by psychological support, but we cannot conclude that cognitive behaviour therapy exerts any specific effect. This is important for two reasons. Firstly, understanding what interventions affect the course of the illness may help us to understand the pathological mechanisms involved. Secondly, cognitive behaviour therapy is likely to be substantially more expensive than supportive counselling. Many schizophrenic patients already receive supportive counselling as part of their routine care, perhaps as part of sessions with a key worker at a day centre or in their supported accommodation. Finally, the authors did not mention the fact that of the patients available for follow up, 8 of 32 receiving cognitive behaviour therapy dropped out or refused follow up while only 3 of 24 receiving supportive counselling did so. This difference is not significant, but it is as noteworthy as several of the results that the authors do draw attention to.


Financial sector is an important thing for a country development. Indirectly, the financial sector will support the economy especially during the pandemic, including the Islamic banking industry. This study aims to analyze the financial performance of Islamic banking in Indonesia based on profitability ratios consisting of BOPO, ROA, ROE, liquidity ratios consisting of Cash ratio and FDR, as well as solvency ratios as measured by the CAR ratio, during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research is descriptive quantitative research by measuring the financial performance of the bank through the level of profitability ratios. The results of this study show that there is a fluctuation changing in the performance values during the COVID-19 pandemic. Bank performance through profitability ratios shows that some sharia banks are classified as efficient and some have decreased the performance. In the liquidity ratio, the average bank experienced a decline in the cash ratio component, with the lowest being at BRI Syariah, which fell by 50.9%. Bank solvency ratio generally shows good performance.


The invention and its installation and lowering operation is very simple through the structure simplification and weight reduction of the unsupported station placing pendant of the underground structure which is capable of promoting the efficient deployment of underground structures die supporting device and underground unsupported station casting using the same. It relates to a method of building structures. Pendant die supporting device of the underground formations are symmetrically arranged in a plurality of support brackets to the left and right sides of the frame pillar of the basement structure according to the present invention; A plurality of cross members, which is installed across the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the plurality of support brackets; It comprises; and hanging unit connected to the suspending material for supporting the suspension of the plurality of supporting brackets.


J. K. GALBRAITH may not have been the most brilliant econo- mist the United States has produced. There are whole schools of economic thought that acknowledge with difficulty that he was an economist at all. What can be said is that no American economist, and hardly an economist anywhere, has possessed his gift for expound- ing questions of economics and political economy with anything ap- proaching his lucid and entertaining style.The secret of Galbraith's talent as a teacher-for that is what he was, a teacher to audiences that varied in size from one to millions, and might be a class of undergraduates, the readers of a paperback book, or the president of the United States-lay not only in his remarkable intel- lect, but also in the breadth of his experience. What do they know of economics who only economics know? Like his admired model, John Maynard Keynes, Galbraith knew many worlds, from Canada to Swit- zerland, from Cambridge, Massachusetts, to Cambridge, England, and from Washington to India. He knew Keynes and Nehru, he worked closely with Presidents Roosevelt, Kennedy, and Johnson, he inter- viewed Albert Speer in prison and the Nazi leaders before their execu- tion. He raided all these experiences for insights.He was at different times a university teacher, a journalist on For- tune magazine, the official responsible for setting all prices in the U.S. during the Second World War, a White House adviser, a best-selling au- thor, a television documentary-maker, and ambassador, and at all times a wit, an untiring partygoer and diner-out, an astonishingly disciplined worker, the most loyal of friends and indefatigable of controversialists, an abiding liberal and the sworn enemy of all pomposity, even includ- ing, most of the time, his own.Galbraith enriched the vocabulary of literate people everywhere with phrases like "the conventional wisdom," the "technostructure," and the "affluent society." He wrote more than two dozen books and hundreds of articles on everything from Indian painting to economic theory, two of his books, The Great Crash and The Affluent Society, twentieth- century masterpieces of rigorous analysis coated with sardonic humour fit to stand with Voltaire or Veblen. Yet his intellectual and literary ca- reer had to be sandwiched between incessant lobbying for liberal politi- cal causes and a substantial career of public service. He was one of the "action intellectuals" of mid-century America, and it is arguable that his intellectual achievement and his political effectiveness each suffered from his insistence on matching action and reflection.My own friendship with him, such as it was, began when I arranged to interview him about his (significant) role in organising a radical chal- lenge to Hubert Humphrey in the presidential election of 1968. I ar- rived in his office at Harvard to find him sprawled on the sofa, having obviously consumed a cocktail or three over the lunch-hour. After he had offered only a few surly observations on the invincible ignorance of journalists, I took a deep breath and said that he was wasting my time. Even before I reached the elevator, I could hear a galumphing sound behind me as of an apologetic giraffe, but I set my face, got into the lift, and flew back to New York.Two days later I received a note that I still cherish. If I was prepared to risk wasting more of my time, it ventured, he would be happy to help. I discovered much later that on the morning of my appointment he had learned from Jacqueline Kennedy of her intention of marrying Aristotle Onassis. He was so upset by the thought that a woman he liked and admired, who was moreover the widow of his hero, would marry such a man that he had drowned his sorrows-something un- characteristic, at least at lunchtime. After that he was enormously gen- erous and helpful, not only with my immediate project, but on every subsequent encounter.Immensely tall, Ken Galbraith spoke in the faintly grating accent of his native Ontario. …


The paper presents the challenges involved in the design of integrated IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN transceivers with focus on radio architecture and circuit implementation. In particular, examples of critical blocks in the receiver and transmitter are discussed.


The study reviews the bioeconomic model and its possibilities for implementation in Latin America based on the capacities, opportunities and human, cultural and territorial potential of the region. It is recognized that the neoliberal development model has generated a dynamic of institutional changes that has led social movements that have undertaken collective actions in demand for better living conditions and the emergence of governments prone to the creation, strengthening and consolidation of the social status, from structural changes as the foundations of good living.


The use of PbSe quantum dots (QDs) as sensitizers for TiO2 samples has been primarily hampered by limitations on charge injection. Herein, a novel successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method, allowing for an intimate TiO2/PbSe contact and a strong quantum confinement, is described. Photoelectrochemical experiments and transient absorption measurements reveal that charge separation indeed occurs when using either aqueous sulfite or spiro-OMeTAD as a hole conductor and that it can be further enhanced by attaching p-mercaptophenol (MPH) to the QD surface. These results suggest that MPH can promote an efficient funneling of the photogenerated holes from the PbSe to the hole scavenging medium, thereby increasing the yield of electron injection into TiO2. In a more general vein, this work paves the way for the fabrication of PbSe-sensitized solar cells, emphasizing the importance of controlling the QD/hole scavenger interface to further boost their conversion efficiency.


How do I know if menopause has started? Your menstrual period will become irregular and eventually stop. You may have hot flashes. This is when you feel a sudden hot or burning sensation that spreads over your face and body. During menopause, you may have a burning feeling in your vagina, or it may feel dry or irritated. This could cause pain during sex. Many women have symptoms during menopause, but some do not. Your doctor can usually tell if you are in menopause based on your symptoms. A blood test is not usually needed.


In this paper, we propose utility-based power control algorithm jointing with admission control (UPCAC) for distributed communication in the hierarchical spectrum sharing network (HSSN) for cognitive radio. We formulate a utility function (payoff function minus price function) to reflect the tradeoff policy between the protecting for primary users (PUs) and the supporting to quality of service (QoS) requirements for cognitive radio users (CRUs). We also analyze the geometric characteristics of payoff function and price function, and base the parameter setting of utility function on this analysis. Finally, we design corresponding power control protocol based on UPCAC for HSSN. Simulation results indicate that 1) UPCAC can meet the protection for PUs as well as the QoS requirements of CRUs by flexibly setting parameters; 2) UPCAC guarantees power convergence by jointing power control with admission control; 3) UPCAC achieves desirable admission ratio and spectrum efficiency.


Computing machines allow quantitative analysis of large databases of text, providing knowledge that is difficult to obtain without using automation. This article describes Universal Data Analysis of Text (UDAT) —a text analysis method that extracts a large set of numerical text content descriptors from text files and performs various pattern recognition tasks such as classification, similarity between classes, correlation between text and numerical values, and query by example. Unlike several previously proposed methods, UDAT is not based on frequency of words and links between certain key words and topics. The method is implemented as an open-source software tool that can provide detailed reports about the quantitative analysis of sets of text files, as well as exporting the numerical text content descriptors in the form of comma-separated values files to allow statistical or pattern recognition analysis with external tools. It also allows the identification of specific text descriptors that differentiate between classes or correlate with numerical values and can be applied to problems related to knowledge discovery in domains such as literature and social media. UDAT is implemented as a command-line tool that runs in Windows, and the open source is available and can be compiled in Linux systems. UDAT can be downloaded from http://people.cs.ksu.edu/∼lshamir/downloads/udat.


This paper investigates the technical efficiency of labour market matching taking a stochastic frontier approach. The data set consists of monthly data from 145 Local Labour Offices (LLOs) in Finland over the period 1995/012004/09. The true fixed-effects model is utilised in order to separate cross-sectional heterogeneity from inefficiency. According to the results, there are notable differences in matching efficiency between regions, and these differences contribute significantly to the number of filled vacancies. If all regions were as efficient as the most efficient one, the number of total matches per month would increase by over 10 %. If inefficiency had no role in the matching function, the number of matches would increase by almost 24 %. The weight of the composition of the job-seeker stock and other environmental variables in the determination of matching inefficiency is on average 61 %. In particular, job seekers out of the labour force and highly educated job seekers improve technical efficiency in the matching function.


A journal article published in the Blue Notebook: Journal for artists' books. Vol 8 No 2, April 2014 exploring the work of video and book artist John Woodman and his relationship with John Ruskin's life and landscapes.


Based on analyzing the architecture of technology transfer system,we constructed the Beijing technology transfer simulation model with system dynamic theory,which typically included three perspectives,such as technique provider,technique receiver and technology market turnover.With causality diagram,we explored the complicated relationships among the relevant variables within Beijing technology transfer system.The data source in this paper was abstracted from Beijing Statistical Yearbook and Beijing Technology Market Statistics Annual Reports between 2006 and 2012.Taking advantage of system dynamics of flow chart,we could calculate the ratio of input to output,and identify the period in which the highest value generated.Furthermore,we predicted the Beijing technology market turnover between 2013 and 2022,as well as the progressing feature of the Beijing technology transfer.


Abstract : The proposed action evaluated in this environmental assessment (EA) is to conduct wildland fire training. The fire training includes the use of small (typically 1-5 acre, not to exceed 20 acres) prescribed fires in grassland and woodland on the installation. Training sites would be selected by the installation Natural Resources Department to ensure continuity with goals established in the 2000 Integrated Natural Resources Management Plan, protect breeding birds from unintentional take and protect any sensitive habitats and archeological sites from disturbance. The training could take place in any location on the installation during any season with the exception of eligible archeological sites. This EA evaluated the potential impacts to air quality, noise levels, topography, geology, soils, water resources, ecological resources, cultural resources, land use, recreation, visual resources, socioeconomics, and health and safety. On the basis of this assessment, it was determined that the proposed action would result in only minor to negligible localized, short-term, or temporary impacts to the environment as compared to the no action alternative. The wildfire training would result in a negligible to minor incremental addition to impacts that have occurred from other activities. A long-term benefit to natural resources would result from increased availability of multiple forest age classes resulting from fire related disturbance at New Boston Air Force Station.


This article is meant as a critique of the growing volume of literature emanating from certain American economists (e.g. Mellor,1 Cummings2 and some of their Indian disciples (e.g. Uma Lele3 4, Jasdanwalla5) which has for its task the demolition of the "view prevalent in India and in other underdeveloped countries that looks upon trade as an unproductive activity and the incomes of traders as arising from exploitation of the rest of the community".6 The authors reveal an almost missionary zeal in propagating the idea that "markets for agricultural commodities work successfully in India",7 that "net profits earned by grain traders except for a few in each market are generally low", that "the assumption that traders make excessive profits does not seem justified",8 etc. This literature of apologia for the traders reads more like propaganda tracts than scientific studies, which is bound to happen when there is an overriding political motivation for justifying certain existing institutions. The way one attaches extreme importance to the alleged prevalence of competition in foodgrains trade is illustrated by the following solemn words of a noted economist: "A decade or two ago, nine out of ten economists would have emphasised prevalence of imperfect competition and consequent exploitation in the markets for farm products in India. . . . During the period of last ten years or more, we have research studies analysing relationship of farm prices with farm production, of marketing cost with services rendered, and of interrelationship of movements of


Due to the shortage of radio spectrum in the current 5G and upcoming 6G systems, the cognitive radio (CR) technique is indispensable for spectrum management and can put the unutilized spectrum to good use. As the core technology of CR, blind modulation recognition (BMR) plays a pivotal role in improving spectral efficiency. However, the BMR research on MIMO-OFDM systems still lacks enough attention. Given the prosperity of deep learning, we propose a series-constellation multi-modal feature network (SC-MFNet) to recognize the modulation types of MIMO-OFDM subcarriers. Without any prior information, a blind signal separation algorithm is employed to reconstruct the impaired transmitted signal. Considering the insufficient features of signal series, we propose a segment accumulated constellation diagram (SACD) strategy to produce the striking constellation features. Moreover, the proposed multi-modal feature fusion network is employed to collect the advantages of series and SACD features, which are extracted by one-dimensional convolution (Conv1DNet) branch and improved EfficientNet branch, respectively. Experimental results demonstrate that in a realistic non-cooperative cognitive communication scenario where prior information is exempted, the proposed SC-MFNet outperforms the traditional feature-based methods and the state-of-the-art neural networks which are based on either constellation features or series features.


This work reviews the master's research that evaluated the possibilities of using laminated and glued bamboo panels (abbreviated to BaLC) from the species Dendrocalamus giganteus in the construction of a resonant membrane material for low frequency sound absorption. The devices were acoustically tested with internal air cavities of 100mm, 75mm, and 50mm thickness with and without glass wool filling. The procedure for obtaining the sound absorption coefficient followed the ISO 354: 2007 international standard with a sample of 12m2 of BaLC in a reverberant chamber of 207m3. The results showed the resonance frequency at 100Hz and, consequently, the maximum sound absorption coefficient at the same frequency for all sampling configurations. In the analysis of the sound-absorption coefficients, a variation at 100Hz was observed from 0,387s for empty cavity with 50mm thickness to 0,778s for 50mm cavity filled with glass wool. Furthermore, results were compared with the theoretical prediction in computational modelling to verify if the coefficients obtained in the laboratory coincide with those simulated virtually. This research represents an evidence-based contribution to reveal the benefits of bamboo technology for the built environment given that it can be an accessible resource in tropical countries due to its fast growth and easy adaptation to local soil.


From the Publisher:
This is the first book that uses Mathematica to compute and solve differential equations using Lie's theory. Each section begins with a theoretical discussion of the material; the applications are then presented along with the corresponding Mathematica solutions.


Nowhere is it more evident that Carmen has become a product of a global cultural imagination than in two early millennial African adaptations of the French nineteenth-century story about the so-called gypsy Carmen by Prosper Mérimée and Georges Bizet. Much further south than the original setting in Seville, Spain, the African Carmens have made a critical migration. No longer just looming close to Africa in the Moorish culture of southern Spain, both of these Carmens now inhabit the sub-Saharan heat of the continent with settings in Senegal and South Africa. The two films, the Senegalese Karmen Geı̈ (2001), directed by Joseph Gaı̈ Ramaka, and the South African U-Carmen eKhayelitsha (2005), directed by Mark DornfordMay, are both the first feature-length films by each director and, amidst the vast array of Carmen adaptations, the only ones to put the Carmen story on the African continent. In these two versions, the story of Carmen is given a new articulation. More directly, both films of the opera reimagine Carmen and reinvent her in each sub-Saharan African country. Carmen has become a global citizen: an amalgamation of her French roots is reconfigured in Dakar, Senegal, and Khayelitsha, South Africa. In this examination, I contextualize these two millennial sub-Saharan African Carmens by juxtaposing them with their two nineteenth-century French original versions: Prosper Mérimée's serialized novella Carmen (that originally appeared in the Revue des deux mondes in 1845–46) and Georges Bizet's opera Carmen (that premiered at the Opéra Comique in 1875). Here I am not concerned with pointing out all of the details of what has been left out, what is the same, and what is new (such a goal would create a dizzying discussion for four similar, yet different, versions). Instead, I am more concerned with how the two films create multiple meanings for different audiences. Africanist cultural anthropologist Karin Barber has theorized the importance of the variety of "texts" in African culture and their connection to diverse publics. Barber posits that "audiences make the meaning of the text 'whole' by what they bring to it." Yet she also addresses the complications when a text is detached from its local context and is open to multiple audiences—a process she calls


The emergency core cooling system (ECC) is one of four special safety systems employed in the defence in-depth approach to CANDU safety. Each of the special safety systems is routinely tested on-power to statistically demonstrate a failure rate of less than one in one thousand demands. Studies and development programs at AECL over the last several years have been directed at simplification of the ECC system, with the objective of increasing reliability, reducing cost, and reducing maintenance and testing costs. This work has resulted in a substantial simplification of the ECC system for CANDU 9, including a reduction in the number of valves of over 50% relative to previous plants. The "one-way" rupture disc and the floating ball seal developed and exhaustively tested by AECLs Chalk River Laboratories, are the foundation for the simplification achieved in the CANDU 9 ECC system. While building on the high pressure gas driven accumulator designs used at CANDU 6 plants and Bruce, introduces a "one-way" rupture disc to separate the ECC system from the heat transport system during normal reactor operation. Conceptually, the "one-way" rupture disc assembly consists of a conventional rupture disc, supported from one side by a robust perforated plate. Pressure applied from the support plate side acts on the entire rupture disc area, causing it to rupture at low pressure (about 0.5 MPa); pressure applied to the rupture disc from the other side presses the disc against the perforated support plate, resulting in rupture (of small areas covering the perforations in the support plate) at a high pressure (above 20 MPa). Hence, the "oneway^ rupture disc withstands full heat transport system pressure during reactor operation, but opens to allow emergency core coolant to flow into the heat transport system at a low differential pressure. The floating ball seal blocks the discharge from the ECC system water tanks at the end of the injection stage, thereby preventing gas flow to the heat transport system. The passive floating ball seal replaces the valves previously used to prevent gas discharge. This paper reviews the CANDU 9 ECC system design, and reviews the "one-way" rupture disc and floating ball seal development programs.


Fe-15Cr-XNi alloys irradiated at both low (0.66 to 1.2) and very high (27 to 58) helium/dpa levels exhibit significantly different levels of strengthening due to an unprecedented refinement of cavity microstructure at the very high helium levels. When compounded with the nickel dependence of helium generation, the cavity distribution for some irradiation conditions and alloy compositions can be driven below the critical radius for bubble-to-void conversion, leading to a delay in swelling. The critical radius also appears to be dependent on the nickel level. The refinement may not have resulted from the high helium levels alone, however but also may have been influenced by differences in displacement rate and temperature history in the two experiments.


The photoinduced effects of nanomaterials encompass several incredibly hot research topics, including the photoelectric, photothermal (PT) and photochemical effects. The PT effect arises from the synergistic effect between light irradiation and heat diffusion and has potential uses in cancer therapy and antimicrobial materials. Meanwhile, the photo-Fenton (PF) reaction is a typical photochemical reaction that has become an important method for combating environmental waste and organisms. Here, the development of the PT effect and PF reaction of nanoparticles (NPs) has been reviewed. Considerable attention has been paid to the tremendous wide range of nanomaterial types, such as oxide/sulfide, carbon-based NPs and metallic NPs, that can provide a photoheat or photochemical response and for determining the optimal dose for each material. The main focus of this review is the development and physicochemical mechanisms of each classical compound type as well as the application of photoresponsive nanomaterials in therapy and disinfection.


The present investigation aims to explore the existence of similarities and differences of beliefs about English Language learning held by EFL pre-service and in-service teachers in Lao P.D.R. A total of 962 pre-service teachers and 129 in-service teachers from 3 universities and 8 Teachers' Training Colleges were involved in this study. Two questionnaires were used to collect the data. Chi-square (x2) tests were used to analyze the quantitative data from both pre-service teachers' and in-service teachers' questionnaires. The results of the chi-square (x2) tests revealed that 13 out of 39 items of beliefs varied significantly between pre-service and in-service teachers.


The famous correspondence between Martin Broszat and Saul Friedlander still bears instructive and moving testimony to the contentiousness of the call for a stronger historicisation of National Socialism that became increasingly vocal in the early-to-mid 1980s. The aspirations of its proponents were far from unproblematic and the anxieties of its critics anything but unjustified. Yet the actual outcome of the historicisation process that has become a reality over the last quarter of a century has confounded the expectations of both camps. Far from producing a banal and harmless image of German society's interaction with the Nazi regime, acquiescence and complicity have taken centre stage in every walk of life that


This datasheet on Raspberry ringspot virus covers Identity, Overview, Distribution, Hosts/Species Affected, Vectors & Intermediate Hosts, Diagnosis, Biology & Ecology, Impacts, Prevention/Control, Economics, Further Information.


Actually there exist 218 stars with measured phase curves of the longitudinal (effective) magnetic field B_e. In that group 172 objects are classified as magnetic chemically peculiar stars (mCP). Remaining objects are stars of various spectral types, from the most massive hot Of? supergiants to low mass red dwarfs and stars with planets. This paper aims to review briefly properties of the observed magnetic field in various types of stars.


It is investigated characteristics of optical radiation which appears at bombardment by K + ions of LiF crystal surface. In a spectrum of ion-photon emission (250-800 nm) it is established and identified bands of radiation which are localized on a surface and in crystal volume. The nature of their radiators binds with different types of defects of a crystal lattice.


It has become a commonplace of European diplomatic history to regard the British occupation of Egypt in 1882 as a turning-point in relations among the Great Powers. According to this view, the occupation abruptly halted the good relations that had hitherto existed between Britain and France, relations summed up in the appropriately vague rubric of the 'liberal alliance'. The French defeat in the Franco-Prussian war had led them to abandon earlier hopes of establishing hegemony in Europe; British commercial success in the generation following the Crimean War had convinced them of the wisdom in remaining aloof from the European balance of power. Thus, the two nations drew together, ignoring Europe and cooperating in Syria, China and Mexico. They worked together the more easily because Gambetta's liberalism dominated the politics of the Third Republic, cooperating nicely with Gladstonian liberalism in Britain. The French however, in abandoning the old dream of hegemony in Europe, took up the new one of empire in the Mediterranean. The British, in occupying Egypt, struck a blow at the new dream and henceforth antagonism replaced harmony as the dominant feature in Anglo-French relations. Peace and stability in Europe had been preserved in part by the liberal alliance, in part by the Three Emperors' League among Germany, Russia and Austria-Hungary. Neither arrangement was aggressive nor revisionist. Bismarck drew the other two eastern powers together in order to prevent them from fighting one another. With Russia content in the East, the French would recognize the futility of trying to overthrow the settlement imposed by the Treaty of Frankfurt. Although Bismarck had found it increasingly difficult to play the part of honest broker between his two eastern allies, he continued to believe it was a part that must be played. The split between Britain and France did not weaken, but strengthened, his resolution: an isolated France might be prepared to overcome her isolation by agreeing to Russian terms in the Near East. Tied down as he was to Austria, Bismarck would not be able to match the terms offered by France for Russian aggrandizement. The British occupation of Egypt was therefore decisive in the diplomacy of Bismarck's last years in office, and was largely responsible for relations in the East taking on the appearance of a patchwork quilt. The ramifications of the occupation did not end here. One of the few stable factors in the diplomacy of the European powers in the nineteenth century had been the good relations between Britain and the Ottoman Empire. Although difficulties had arisen from time to time, the essential nature of those relations had remained intact: the British regarded it as a vital interest that the territorial integrity of the Ottoman Empire be maintained. The building of the Suez Canal altered the formula. Hitherto, the Straits had been Britain's first concern in the Near East; from 1869 onwards


Studies on animal bioacoustics, traditionally relying on non-human primate and songbird models, converge towards the idea that social life appears as the main driving force behind the evolution of complex communication. Comparisons with cetaceans is also particularly interesting from an evolutionary point of view. They are indeed mammals forming complex social bonds, with abilities in acoustic plasticity, but that had to adapt to marine life, making habitat another determining selection force. Their natural habitat constrains sound production, usage and perception but, in the same way, constrains ethological observations making studies of captive cetaceans an important source of knowledge on these animals. Beyond the analysis of acoustic structures, the study of the social contexts in which the different vocalizations are used is essential to the understanding of vocal communication. Compared to primates and birds, the social function of dolphins' acoustic signals remains largely misunderstood. Moreover, the way cetaceans' vocal apparatus and auditory system adapted morphoanatomically to an underwater life is unique in the animal kingdom. But their ability to perceive sounds produced in the air remains controversial due to the lack of experimental demonstrations. The objectives of this thesis were, on the one hand, to explore the spontaneous contextual usage of acoustic signals in a captive group of bottlenose dolphins and, on the other hand, to test experimentally underwater and aerial abilities in auditory perception. Our first observational study describes the daily life of our dolphins in captivity, and shows that vocal signalling reflects, at a large scale, the temporal distribution of social and non-social activities in a facility under human control. Our second observational study focuses on the immediate context of emission of the three main acoustic categories previously identified in the dolphins' vocal repertoire, i.e. whistles, burst-pulses and click trains. We found preferential associations between each vocal category and specific types of social interactions and identified context-dependent patterns of sound combinations. Our third study experimentally tested, under standardized conditions, the response of dolphins to human-made individual sound labels broadcast under and above water. We found that dolphins were able to recognize and to react only to their own label, even when broadcast in the air. Apart from confirming aerial hearing, these findings go in line with studies supporting that dolphins possess a concept of identity. Overall, the results obtained during this thesis suggest that some social signals in the dolphin repertoire can be used to communicate specific information about the behavioural contexts of the individuals involved and that individuals are able to generalize their concept of identity for human-generated signals.


Specific yield is defined as the ratio of (1) the volume of water that a srturated rock or soil will yield by gravity to (2) the total volume of the rock or soil. Specific yield is usually expressed as a percentage. The value is not definitive, because the quantity of water that will drain by gravity depends on variables such as duration of drainage, temperature, mineral composition of the water, and various physical characteristics of the rock or soil under consideration. Values of specific yield, nevertheless, offer a convenient means by which hydrologists can estimate the water-yielding capacities of earth materials and, as such, are very useful in hydrologic studies. The present report consists mostly of direct or modified quotations from many selected reports that present and evaluate methods for determining specific yield, limitations of those methods, and results of the determinations made on a wide variety of rock and soil materials. Although no particular values are recommended in this report, a table summarizes values of specific yield, and their averages, determined for 10 rock textures. The following is an abstract of the table: Specific yields, in percent, of various materials [Rounded to nearest whole percent] Number of _______Specific yield______ Material determination* Maximum Minimum Average Clay.----..-----.---.------.-15 5 0 2 Silt_------------------_------16 19 3 8 Sandy clay....__________ 12 12 3 7 Fine sand__. ___. ______ 17 28 10 21 Medium sand____. __ ___ 17 32 15 26 Coarse sand____...__..__ 17 35 20 27 Gravelly sand......__--__--._-15 35 20 25 Fine gravel-______--._.___ 17 35 21 25 Mediumgravel -----------14 26 13 23 Coarse gravel.__.___.__.. 14 26 12 22


Focusing on the problems in visual hull construction using volumetric approaches,which need bounding box and have too many tiny triangles in low curvature region by marching cubes,a voxel growing based adaptive sampling method is presented.In this paper,visual hull surface is represented by an iso-surface,and a point in 3D space is got via multi-view stereo matching;Then,a seed voxel is constructed using the 3D point as the center which grows around the iso-surface.The growing voxels size is inverse with current seed voxel's curvature in a adaptive sampling manner.Experiments show that the method can construct visual hull without bounding box and the adaptive sampling can resolve problems of existing volumetric approaches which have too many tiny triangles in low curvature region.


The design of the driving logical circuit and the processing circuit of the video signal for 4 096 element linear CCPD camera imaging is described in this paper.The specifications of video channel of this image system are:dynamic range:45 dB;ratio of signal to noise:5 V peak value;resolution:2 400 line.Clear pictures have been taken at room temperature in laboratory.


The pragmatic aim of this paper is to provide a genetic algorithm for predicting the technical systems state. The research novelty is to represent the genuine approach to forecast the technical systems states. The given approach implies finding future values by extrapolating current observation results. Forecast can be considered as a diagnostic control at zero-time extrapolation, or as a general case of diagnosis. The developed genetic algorithm is based on the classical representation of genetic algorithms with the changes required for forecasting. So, a function that validates alternative solutions outlaying from the geometric representation of the average values of the time series plot is exploited as a fitness function. The method based on the use of Shewhart process-behavior charts is also applied to exclude failures of the sensor collecting measured data and to control the mutation. The algorithm performs a prediction for one time interval ahead for processes that are not affected by external factors or processes, or the influence of external factors on which is not significant within one time interval. Our experiment confirmed the efficiency of the suggested algorithm. It resulted in obtaining a predictive solution.


A 43-year-old Japanese man with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus was admitted to our hospital for the management of pulmonary tuberculosis; he had sputum pro-duction, cough, and exertional dyspnea for 3 months. The sputum culture and polymerase chain reaction test results were positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis . The patient was commenced on directly observed antituberculosis therapy, including isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide. Forty- fi ve days after treatment commenced, he had hemoptysis of approximately 100mL, which was conservatively managed with hemostatic agents, including tranexamic acid and carbazochrome sodium sulfonate hydrate.


Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) is an aquatic perennial plant of the family Nelumbonaceae, distributed in subtropical and temperate regions, also extensively planted as an ornamental flower. Furthermore, the rhizome is used as a vegetable and the roots and seeds in herbal medicine in China. In September 2018, some lotus leaves were found to be infected with a powdery mildew in a pond in Qingdao, Shandong Province, China. In the surveyed pond, from late September to mid-November, the disease incidence varied from 10 to 70%, and some leaves were almost completely covered with powdery mildew and turned brown and scorched. In several lotus ponds not far away from the surveyed one, a few powdery mildew–affected leaves were also found. Small colonies of powdery mildew were dispersed on the upper sides of the leaves, and the adjacent colonies coalesced over several days. Some chasmothecia were formed on the lesions in the middle of November. The voucher specimens are deposited in the Qingdao Agricultural University Herbarium (HMQAUPM18001). Superficial hyphae were hyaline, branched, and septate, 4.5 to 6.0 μm wide, with thin and smooth walls. Hyphal appressoria were 4.7 to 6.7 μm diameter, nipple shaped to lobed, mostly single, rarely in opposite pairs. Conidiophores were straight, 74.3 to 98.5 × 7.8 to 9.8 μm, and composed of three to four cells; foot cells were cylindrical, usually straight, occasionally somewhat curved to sinuous, 38.2 to 57.5 × 6.9 to 8.5 μm. Conidia were formed singly, ellipsoid-ovoid, subcylindrical to almost cylindrical, 35.2 to 41.2 × 17.2 to 19.2 μm, and showed a wrinkling pattern of the outer walls. Germ tubes were produced in perihilar position. Chasmothecia were scattered to gregarious, 102.2 to 129.8 μm in diameter; peridium cells were irregularly polygonal, 13.0 to 19.1 μm in diameter; appendages arising from the lower half were mycelioid, unbranched or occasionally with short lateral branchlets, 0.5 to 4 times as long as the chasmothecial diameter, brown at the base and becoming paler toward the apex. Asci were ellipsoid to obovoid, short-stalked, 62.0 to 70.9 × 39.8 to 46.4 μm, wall 1.9 to 2.9 μm thick, two- to eight-spored. Ascospores were ellipsoidal, 23.5 to 27.6 × 13.8 to 15.6 μm, colorless. The morphological characteristics were consistent with previous records of Erysiphe takamatsui (Braun and Cook 2012; Meeboon and Takamatsu 2015). To confirm the identification based on morphological traits, a molecular examination of the isolate HMQAUPM18001 was confirmed by sequence analyses of the rDNA spanning ITS1, 5.8S gene, ITS2 and the 28S rRNA gene using the primers ITS1/ITS4 (White et al. 1990) and NL1/NLP2 (Hirose et al. 2005; Mori et al. 2000), respectively. ITS and 28S sequences of HMQAUPM18001 have been deposited in GenBank under the accession numbers MK478870 and MK583929, respectively. BLAST analysis of the ITS (641 bp) and 28S (720 bp) segments both showed 100% homology with the ITS sequence of E. takamatsui strain TNS: F-52102 (GenBank accession no. AB916688) and 28S sequence of E. takamatsui strain MUMH 5399 (GenBank accession no. AB916690), respectively. Pathogenicity was confirmed through inoculation tests by pressing a diseased leaf onto young leaves of three healthy lotus plants. Three noninoculated plants were used as controls. Inoculated plants developed symptoms after 8 days, whereas the control plants remained symptomless. The fungus present on the inoculated plants was morphologically identical to that originally observed on diseased plants, fulfilling Koch's postulates. Therefore, the pathogen on lotus was confirmed to be E. takamatsui. To our knowledge, this is the first discovery of E. takamatsui, hitherto only known from Japan, on lotus in the Chinese mainland (Farr and Rossman 2019). This is the second discovery of the sexual stage of E. takamatsui in the world, which is important to note because it has substantial implications on pathogen survival and diversity. Because this lotus powdery mildew may cause losses of ornamental value, as well as the quality as foodstuff and for medicine purposes, control measures such as improving air and light conditions, removing heavily infected leaves, and preinfection applying of sulfur agents should be considered.