In extracorporeal circulation blood is pumped out, purified, and pumped back into the patient's body. A typical system consists of the blood pumps, oxygenators, and cannulas. During extracorporeal blood remains in contact with a foreign surface. This leads to the activation of inflammatory mediators, which can give rise to oxidative stress in cells. The aim of this study was to estimate how anticoagulant drugs and NIR radiation influence the animal plasma during extracorporeal circulation. The research material was prepared from blood plasma of pigs connected to the ECMO and ECLA (respiratory support) apparatus. Animals were assigned to three experimental groups: animals in group 1 (n=8) received no drug pretreatment and served as controls; animals in group 2 (n=6) were treated with thrombotic drugs (clopidogrel and aspirin) at least 24 hours before extracorporeal circulation; in animals belonging to group 3 (n=7) the blood was exposed to near infrared (NIR) radiation during extracorporeal circulation. This procedure lasted for 6 hours. Blood samples were collected from all of the animals during circulation at the same stages of the procedure, the plasma was then separated and immediately frozen to -20°C. After thawing, ATR-FTIR spectra of the plasma solution were recorded on a Nicolet 6700 spectrometer equipped with the ATR diamond crystal. In this work, changes in plasma during extracorporeal circulation have been studied by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. This technique is useful in the analysis of spectral parameters of bands associated with the CH3 and CH2 stretching vibrations in 2996–2800 cm region. The intensities of proteins bands and those of amino acids and lactate were studied. The spectral data were subjected to advanced statistical analysis using classifier ensemble methods. The results of a classification: C4.5 – 72.04%, Neural Network – 74.11%, SVM 75.87%, Random Forest – 79.23%, Mixture of Experts – 78.98%. The results show that extracorporeal circulation causes changes in the parameters of the analyzed bands. They suggest also that anticoagulant drugs can Proceedings IWBBIO 2014. Granada 7-9 April, 2014 1416 increase oxidative stress. In contrast, NIR radiation is likely to cause the release of NO (nitric oxide), which can be a rapid intervention at the beginning of oxidative stress. NO plays an important role in inhibiting platelet aggregation. Advanced statistical analysis suggests that NIR effects on the plasma are significant and can strongly change the properties of plasma. Samples, which were influenced by anticoagulant drugs, are in about 40% misclassified as control samples. This indicates that the effects of anticoagulant drugs vary and often may have small or no influence on the properties of examined plasma. Experiments were done with cooperation with the Collegium Medicum of the Jagiellonian University and the National Research Institute of Animal Production in Krakow-Balice, Poland. This work is supported by Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Instrumentation, Wroclaw University of Technology, Poland. Proceedings IWBBIO 2014. Granada 7-9 April, 2014 1417


Abstract In Ethiopia, the gender gap in financial inclusion is high, and the effect of socioeconomic variables on the gap is not well investigated. The main objective of this study is to investigate determinants of the financial inclusion gender gap in Ethiopia using the World Bank's Global Findex database from 2017. Different decomposition techniques were employed to examine the effect of socioeconomic characteristics of individuals on the financial inclusion gender gap. The finding shows a statistically significant gender gap in all indicators of financial inclusion under study in Ethiopia. More specifically, males are 6.3%, 7%, 9.8%, 8.4 %, and 5.8% more likely to have a formal account, formal saving, formal borrowing, emergency fund, and debit card ownership, respectively. The result from the Daymont and Andrisani approach reveals that differences in socioeconomic characteristics between males and females explain the gender gap in formal saving, formal account ownership, debit card ownership, and emergency fund, while the gap in formal borrowing is attributed to differences in returns to these characteristics. Besides, the observed gender gap in all indicators of financial inclusion is explained by gender disparity in commitment in financial markets. Age, income, education, employment, and mobile ownership are determinants of the gender gap in financial inclusion in Ethiopia. Being older, more educated, employed, and having mobile, and wealthier favor financial inclusion, with age, employment, and education having a greater effect. Gender mainstreaming in economic activities to increase income, employment opportunities, and education for females to bridge the gender gap in financial inclusion is important.


Purpose: The purpose of this article is to explore the impacts of the intellectual capital dimensions, human, the organizational and social capital on firm performance as well as the mediating role of human and social capital on the relationship between organizational capital and Information Communication Technology (ICT) firm's performance in Vietnam. Specific aims included the synthesizing the prior literatures and definitions related to intellectual capital dimensions and firm performance, refining conceptual definitions of the interrelationship among intellectual capital dimensions, of their relationship with firm's outcome and of the mediation role of human and social capital on the impacts of organizational capital on firm outcome and proposing a synthesized conceptual model to test relationships mentioned in above in Vietnamlike unstable environment. Methodologies: Exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and moderating analysis were employed to test how a sample of Vietnamese ICT firms with the total of 319 responses collected fit to research model. Findings: Results indicate that dimensions have direct impacts on firm performance. In addition, there is the existence of the mediating role of the human and social capital on the relationship between firm performance and organizational capital. Research Limitations: This study employs static data, which has inevitable drawbacks in reflecting the long-term impacts of IC's dimensions and performance. The use of panel data may be the future direction of following-up studies.


The model of electrolytic cleaning for cold rolled strip was established, and the simulation of cleaning process was carried out in the finite element method with the software (Ansoft). The influence of processing parameters was investigated. The results show that, the processing parameters, such as the current efficiency, the electrode plate intervals and the insulation board have intense influence on current efficiency, which is significant for improving cleaning efficiency and energy conservation.


Summary We established an interaction network among three Arabidopsis PERK receptor-like kinases (8, 9, and 10), two AGC VIII kinases (AGC1-9 and KIPK) and KCBP with a role in negatively regulating root growth.


There has been widespread adoption of blockchain in the wireless domain, especially with the growing interest and potential of Internet of Things (IoT). While the properties of blockchain namely trustworthy transactions and decentralization of authority have opened up numerous opportunities, new challenges pertinent to security and performance have emerged in the presence of wireless communications and mobility. Although current literature provides extensive analysis of blockchain networks when connectivity is offered by static and wired links, there has been little attention in the wireless space. Wireless blockchain analysis has been pursued under specific and simplified assumptions which are insufficient for generalized blockchain performance in real world scenarios. Our work tries to fill this gap by covering a large space of blockchain and network based parameters such as the block interval, the number of miners, node mobility, transmission power and network density and present comprehensive performance results obtained using the NS-3 simulator. Among a number of interesting results, our experiments reveal that transaction throughput is greatly influenced by node mobility patterns, a higher percentage of miners is detrimental for blockchain security and wireless network density and power transmission values beyond particular thesholds are required for block transmission behavior similar to the one observed in wired-static blockchain networks preventing randomness due to packet losses.


Objective To investigate the effect of humanistic nursing on patients with percutaneous nephrolithotomy.Methods All 109 patients who have gone through PCNL operation at certain time are divided into two groups randomly,including 54 cases were given the common nursing and enhancing the humanistic nursing(the observation group),and 55 cases were given the common nursing(the control group).Compared SDS and SAS grades and the complication incidence during the operation between two groups.Results There were no significant difference of SAS grades and SDS grades between two groups(P0.05)before intervention.After operation 3 days,the grades of anxiety and depression of two groups decreased,and the intervention effect in the observation group had a more obvious advantage over that in the control group(P0.05).Compared with the control group,severe bleeding during operation,residual stones and infection etc were significantly decreased in the observation group(P0.05).Conclusion PCNL is a kind of minimally invasive surgery and currently it is a universally acknowledged primary surgical treatment of renal calculi.However,severe bleeding during operation,residual stones and infection etc are common complications of PCNL.Therefore,enhancing the humanistic nursing on patients in percutaneous nephrolithotomy could lessen their anxiety and depression,reduce the complications incidence during the operation,increase the operational success rate.


Objective To explore the effect of early home-based training program applied in senile patients with acute stroke.Methods 87 patients with acute stroke were divided into two groups.Patients who discharged in 2 weeks and received early home-based training program were regarded as family group.Patients who stayed in hospital more than 2 weeks and received routine treatment and nursing were regarded as control group. FIMSM was used to evaluate the rehabilitation effect of patients in two groups. Statistics analysis was conducted by t test.Results Comparison in each group: there was significant difference in every index in both two groups before and after training(P0.001).Comparison between two groups: there was significantly difference in communication ability between two groups after the training(P0.05) and no significantly differences in other indexes(P0.05).(Conclusions Early) home-based training program for patients with acute stroke can make them achieve the rehabilitation goal.It can shorten the days of stay-in hospital and reduce medical fee too.


horne has been clarifying and defending a conception of God which he has variously termed "panentheism," "surrelativism," "dipolar theism," or "neoclassical theism," depending upon which aspect of his understanding he has been concerned to emphasize. The distinctive feature of his viewpoint is the contention that notions of relativity, contingency, and change, rather than being incompatible with the nature of deity, must themselves be essential components in an understanding of God which is both coherent and religiously adequate. Hartshorne's work has long received appreciative attention from persons who interpret reality in terms of a metaphysic of process, especially along the lines worked out in Whitehead's Process and Reality. Doubtless this general perspective does provide the most natural "home" for interpreting and assessing his achievement. However, it is the contention of this essay that Hartshorne's thought has a significance which cannot be limited to the confirmed "Whiteheadians," but which also has relevance for styles of thinking that are more explicitly historical and self-consciously theological, including even the antimetaphysical attempts of the "secular" theologies to speak of God in a political fashion. In arguing this thesis I will first describe the most salient features of Hartshorne's neoclassical or dipolar understanding of God. Consideration will be given to the method he characteristically uses in establishing his case. Stated briefly, I will show that he identifies abstractly the various conceptions of God which are logically possible and argues by means of a rigorous analysis and criticism of the alternative views that his own position is the one which handles most coherently the elements that belong to any adequate understanding of God. Second, I will seek to defend Hartshorne's conclusions by means of a reasoning process that is at variance with the one he develops in his own writings. In essence, it will con* Thomas W. Ogletree received the A.B. degree from Birmingham-Southern College in 1955, the B.D. degree from Garrett Theological Seminary in 1959, and the Ph.D. degree from Vanderbilt University in 1963. He was an instructor at Vanderbilt University and then assistant professor of religion and philosophy at Birmingham-Southern College before taking up his present position as assistant professor of Constructive Theology at the Chicago Theological Seminary in 1965. He is author of Christian Faith and History: A Critical Comparison of Ernst Troeltsch and Karl Barth (Nashville, Tenn.: Abingdon Press, 1965), and The Death of God Controversy (Nashville, Tenn.: Abingdon Press, 1966).


The historic process of fertility decline was interrupted during the central decades of the 20 century with an unexpected period of increasing fertility that has been called the baby boom. Normally it is considered a phenomenon exclusive to countries participating in the historic demographic transition. A recent study suggests that a similar trend change in fertility may have also taken place in a few developing nations at approximately the same time and with similar characteristics to the fertility boom in the developed world. The main goal of this paper is to examine the extent to which these trend changes took place in Latin America and whether or not their characteristics were similar to those holding in the developed world.


The performance of a curve-shaped capacitance sensor for measuring the mean liquid holdup of the two-phase mixture of gas-condensate and nitrogen in a vertical pipeline was studied experimentally. The sensor consists of two electrodes placed on the external wall of a cylindrical test duct. The calibration curves for bubble, slug, and plug flow regimes were developed for vertical flow and the sensitivity of the sensor to flow pattern was also investigated. Based on experimental observations, different calibration curves must be used for different flow regimes to have an acceptable accuracy in holdup measurement. Moreover, a new empirical correlation for estimating liquid holdup in vertical gas-condensate pipelines in the dynamic condition was developed as a function of superficial velocities, viscosities, and densities of the gas and liquid. Furthermore, a flow pattern identification map for vertical pipeline is also presented.


The piezoelectric ceramic actuator generates a small displacement but a large force as well as a fast time response. Accordingly, they are commonly incorporated in the design of micropositioning xy-tables, ultrasonic motors and impact printer heads. Piezoelectric ceramics are ferroelectric, and they are fundamentally nonlinear in their response and show a significant hysteretic loop to the applied voltage signal, which sometimes causes a serious problem in their application as a linear actuator. This paper presents a study on the linear drive of nonlinear piezoelectric ceramic actuators. The experimental results show that the expansion of ceramic actuator can approximately be represented by a third-order polynomial of the applied voltage. Moreover, the hysteretic loop is significantly reduced if the input voltage to the actuator is provided again in the form of a third-order polynomial. The proposed linear drive method is first investigated theoretically. Then, a simple nonlinear preamplifier is assembled based on the proposed scheme. An experimental study is conducted to see the effectiveness of the amplifier. It is shown that the hysteretic loop on the actuator displacement disappears when the pre-amplifier is installed between the voltage generator and the DC amplifier.


Contemporary inventory management attempts to make two critical inventory decisions---the order quantity and the order point. This type of analysis presupposes that stocking of the item is economically justified. Quite obviously this will not always be the case and inventory managers have had to turn to rules of thumb which are highly inflexible and consequently these rules often suggest exactly the opposite decision from that which should be made.

The profit under conditions of both stocking and non-stocking can be analytically determined and then compared in a breakeven-type analysis. The intersection point or inventory cutoff level determines the minimum demand which will justify stocking the item and is derived along with a graphical representation. Two variations are provided---one for the manufacturer who produces to stock and one for the wholesaler or retailer who orders to stock.


Archeological human skeletal remains discovered in Indonesia and southeast Asia have been racially diagnosed in the past as being Mongoloid, Palae-Mongoloid or Malay, Negrito, Veddoid, and of a subrace variously called Australoid, Australomelanesian, Austromelanesoid, Palae-Melanesid, or Papuo-Melanoid or as being hybrids of those groups.2'28 The skeletons from Sampung (East Java), for example, are considered chiefly Melanesoid by Mijsberg (Coon2). Remains from the caves of Sulawesi (=Celebes) were regarded as being Veddoid by Sarasin and Sarasin but pronounced to be Mongoloid by Mijsberg (Coon2). The subrecent bones from the caves of Flores are thought to be PraeNegrito or Proto-Negrito by Verhoeven,30 but a detailed report on the findings will be published soon. Many of the other archeological human materials are identified as being Australomelanesian, like those from the kitchen midden of Bindjai (Atjeh), Bodjonegoro (East Java) that caused Coon2 to comment that "Finding Papuo-Melanesian characters in sub-Recent but prehistoric bones was a favorite sport in southeast Asia at that time." Skulls from Puger (East Java) and Melolo (Sumba) are identified as mixture of Malay and Australomelanesian elements. Lie'3 thinks that five skeletons excavated in 1961 in Lomblen, an islet near Flores, are not Negritoes, but a mixture of Weddoid, Negroid, and Palaemongoloid components. The only other bones thought to belong to Negritoes are the skull fragments from the


In reliability engineering, accelerated life testing (ALT) is a well known tool for rapid lifetime evaluation. As fuel cells are potential long-life devices, the method may be of particular importance in this field. The aim of this contribution is to give an introduction to the basic concepts of ALT and to discuss chances and challenges of the technique. In addition, first experimental results on the application of ALT to Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) are presented.


Introducion :Membranous Nephropathy is one of the main causes of nephrotic syndrome in adults over 40 years of age. Studies comparing the involvement of this disease among young adults versus the elderly are scarce. Objectives were to determine the proportion of involvement of Membranous Nephropathy in young and elderly patients, comparing clinical presentation, etiology, remission of disease and survival data. Methods : This was a retrospective study between 2009 and 2017 of patients with renal biopsy confirming Membranous Nephropathy. Those with diagnosis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus or without adequate data from medical records and renal biopsy were exclude. Results: There were 214 patients with Membranous Nephropathy, 45 (21.02%) were aged 60 years or over at diagnosis (elderly group). Comparing them at diagnosis with young patients (n=169) there was a predominance of males in both, 66.66 vs 60.35% p = 0.43; with no difference in proteinuria values, 6.00 (3.3-8.00) vs 6.20 (3.00-9.00) g/day p=0.56 or presence of hematuria, 42.22 vs 34.31% p=0.32. However, the elderly group had a higher serum creatinine, 1.50 (1.00-2.36) vs 1.00 (0.75-1.40) mg/dl p=0.0011 and a higher prevalence of systemic arterial hypertension, 71.11 vs 43.78% p = 0.0011. In this sample, 36 patients (16.82%) had secondary Membranous Nephropathy, highlighting an equal proportion of infectious and autoimmune causes among elderly and young people, but an increase in the proportion of neoplastic etiology in the elderly versus young group, 11.11 vs. 2.95% p= 0.02. One hundred and fifteen patients 20% of the sample, however the association with neoplasia was greater in the elderly group.


An emulator based Bayesian framework is proposed for sensor planning and interpretation of sensor measurements to infer relevant information for decision making. The framework uses Gaussian process based emulator to model dispersion of pollutant inside a building. Emulator is derived using integrated CFD (computational fluid dynamics) and multizone model CONTAM. On detection of contaminants by sensor system, Bayesian inference is used to infer location and characteristics of the source. Efficacy of the methodology is demonstrated for source localization in a five room building. The framework is investigated for different sensor networks and importance of sensor planning is demonstrated.


Compounds of formula (1): wherein: R1 represents: a phenyl group or a naphthyl group, these groups being optionally substituted; X represents 1 to 4 identical or different substituents from one another selected from hydrogen, halogen, (C1-C10) alkyl, halo (C1-C10) alkyl, (C1-C10) alkoxy, NRaRb, cyano, nitro ,; R is in position 3, 5, 7, 8 of the imidazo [1,2-alpha] pyridine of 1 to 4 identical or different substituents from one another; R2 and R3 represent, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom, a (C1-C10) alkyl any LEMENT substituted; an optionally substituted aryl group; R2 and X may form together with the carbon atoms which carry them, a carbon ring of 5 to 7 carbon atoms; R4 represents: a hydrogen atom, a (C1-C10) alkyl optionally substituted, or an aryl group optionally substituted by one or more substituants.Utilisation in therapy and method of synthesis.


RUDOLPH A. RO.SEN ·:· our hundred eighty-four paddlef ish (Polyodon spathula) were captured 26 June 1975 to 11 August 1976 from an unaltered stretch of Missouri River in '.:outh Dakota. Vital statistics were measured on all fish, 171 were sacrificed during the analysis of food habits, and JOl fish were tagged and released . Paddlefish were located by observation, gill netting, and snagging. Paddlefish were primarily found downstream from submerged sandbars from late spring to early fall. rhe crests of the sandbars were 0. 1 to 1. 0 m deep and immediately downstream, the depth was 1.5 to 4.5 m, and the current velocity was O to 0. 3 m/sec. Most paddlefish concentration areas were adjacent to channels with current velocities ranging from 0. 7 to l.J m/sec. Paddlefish were located in slow or dead water areas which had depths of over J m during late fall to early spring. All paddlefish concentration areas from late fall to early spring were adjacent to channels. Paddlefish in channelized river appeared to inhabit slow or dead water areas adjacent to


duplicates of full publications (n=7) Abstracts likely eligible with no full publication (n= 8)s likely eligible with no full publication (n= 8)


served in clinical trials of interferon alfa (but not interferon gamma).18 19 Although acute hypotension is the most common cardiovascular side effect oftumor necrosis factor-ca,20 a case of possible cardiomyopathy associated with prolonged treatment with tumor necrosis factor has been reported.21 The effect of other cytokines that may be secondarily released following IL-2 administration-such as IL-1, IL-6 granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and IL3-on the heart has not yet been adequately evaluated.22'23 We suggest that patients in whom congestive heart failure or a prolonged dependence on vasopressors develops after IL-2 therapy should be evaluated for myocardial damage due to ischemia, myocarditis, or cardiomyopathy. Assessing the levels of creatine kinase and its isoenzymes is helpful in detecting myocardial injury, as serum levels of this enzyme are usually decreased during IL-2 administration (W.E.S., J.H.W., E.R. Ashwood, MD, unpublished data, January 1989). Rises in the MB fraction may be observed following cardiac injury in IL-2-treated patients.4'11 Electrocardiograms should be done to exclude ischemic changes. Echocardiograms may be useful in distinguishing between segmental wall motion abnormalities more typical of ischemia and global defects that represent diffuse myocardial processes (myocarditis and cardiomyopathy). Finally, because sepsis can present with hypotension, a search for infection should always be undertaken. We recommend the consideration of right-sided heart catheterization with myocardial biopsy in any patient receiving interleukin-2 in whom unexplained, persistent myocardial dysfunction develops. With this approach, the correct diagnosis can frequently be established and the possibility of infarction or ischemia can be reasonably excluded.


N.B. Dates in brackets indicate original date of publication if applicable. Achebe, Chinua. Things Fall Apart. Oxford: Heinemann, 1989 [1958] Ackroyd, Peter. 'Future Imperfect.' Spectator 21 December 1974: 797. Aldiss, Brian. 'Living in Catastrophe.' [1988] Doris Lessing: Conversations. Ed. Earl G. Ingersoll. Princeton: Ontario Review Press, 1994. 169-172. Allott, Miriam, ed. Novelists on the Novel. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1959. Appleyard, Bryan. 'Iris Murdoch as She is Writ.' [Interview] Times 23 January 1988: 20. Arlett, Robert M. 'The Dialectical Epic: Brecht and Lessing.' Twentieth Century Literature 33.1 (1987): 67-79. Bakhtin, Mikhail. Problems of Dostoevsky's Poetics. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1984. Barrows, John. 'Iris Murdoch.' John O'London's 4 May 1961: 498. Barthes, Roland. The Pleasure of the Text. Trans. Richard Miller. New York: Hill and Wang, 1975. Bayley, John. 'Country Life: The Enigma of Arrival.' New York Review of Books 9 April 1987: 3-4. Beck, Antony. 'Doris Lessing and the Colonial Experience.' The Journal of Commonwealth Literature 19.1 (1984): 64-73. Behr, Edward. 'People are Proud of Being Stupid.' [Interview] Newsweek 18 August 1980: 38. Bellamy, Michael O. 'An Interview with Iris Murdoch.' Contemporary Literature 18 (1977): 129-140. Bertelsen, Eve. 'Doris Lessing.' [1984] Doris Lessing: Conversations. Ed. Earl G. Ingersoll. Princeton: Ontario Review Press, 1994. 120-145. Berthoff, Warner. 'Fortunes of the Novel: Muriel Spark and Iris Murdoch.' Massachusetts Review 8 (1967): 301-332. Bertodano, Helena de. 'Life is Stronger than Fiction: At 76, Doris Lessing Wants to be Alone.' [Interview] Journal Extra: An Electronic Supplement to The Edmonton Journal (11 April 1996). Online. Internet. 14 June 1996.


Qualifying in South Africa, David Wilfried Levy spent his earlier professional years working at Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, and later as a consultant physician at Port Elizabeth, where he developed his lifelong interest in renal disorders. He set up a peritoneal dialysis service in the surrounding community, leading a dedicated team of experts. David left South Africa in 1978, along with many other liberals, …


Significance We report a unique form of neural plasticity in the visual cortex. Unlike well-known forms of neural plasticity, in which synaptic connections are slowly weakened or strengthened, we found that visual deprivation causes a rapid and transient "all-or-none" loss of local connections between pyramidal cells and parvalbumin-positive interneurons (Pyr→PV). After 1 d of visual deprivation, half of these connections are lost, whereas the spared ones remain unchanged; after 2 d of deprivation, the connectivity levels return to normal. Finally, we show that this early transient all-or-none loss of Pyr→PV connections is an obligatory step for subsequent changes in the cortical function induced by visual deprivation. Disinhibition is an obligatory initial step in the remodeling of cortical circuits by sensory experience. Our investigation on disinhibitory mechanisms in the classical model of ocular dominance plasticity uncovered an unexpected form of experience-dependent circuit plasticity. In the layer 2/3 of mouse visual cortex, monocular deprivation triggers a complete, "all-or-none," elimination of connections from pyramidal cells onto nearby parvalbumin-positive interneurons (Pyr→PV). This binary form of circuit plasticity is unique, as it is transient, local, and discrete. It lasts only 1 d, and it does not manifest as widespread changes in synaptic strength; rather, only about half of local connections are lost, and the remaining ones are not affected in strength. Mechanistically, the deprivation-induced loss of Pyr→PV is contingent on a reduction of the protein neuropentraxin2. Functionally, the loss of Pyr→PV is absolutely necessary for ocular dominance plasticity, a canonical model of deprivation-induced model of cortical remodeling. We surmise, therefore, that this all-or-none loss of local Pyr→PV circuitry gates experience-dependent cortical plasticity.


Counseling and helping are generally associated with honorable actions, aimed at the benefit of another person. People take these actions because of individual reasons or taking into account the social and professional role one performs. It is done by interpersonal interaction or within the frames of particular institution. The latter is meant by arranged actions. The aim of this article is to present another dimension of giving help by means of institutions. The presence of symbolic violence related to power is present in the dimension. According to Michel Foucault "the one who was put within the range of perception and realizes that, accepts the limits enforced on them by power."* As the author continues, everybody is placed in the field of power, despite the fact that one does not always realize that. Our deliberations, related to the presence of symbolic violence and its meaning in the process of helping are based on the definition of violence coined by Pierre Bourdieu. The deliberations refer to the way psychological and pedagogical counseling centers work. The violence is a part of the secret scheme of the institution. The authors try to uncover and reveal it with the view to make people think and realize its existence. The hidden dimension embraces what is not visible but palpable, what is meant straightaway but has its place in the course of actions taken by the assisting team and the institutions, what is included in the formal "between" and in hidden actions and which is not realized by people who use the services of psychological and pedagogical counseling centers. * After: Zbyszko Melosik, Identity, Body and Authority. Cultural Texts As Pedagogical (Con)Texts (Torun–Poznan: Edytor, 1996), 85


The use of molecular clusters is proving to be an excellent medium for studying stepwise solvation.1-4 However, the existing body of work comprises steady state experiments.1-2 which are sensitive only to the equilibria of reactant and product. We report direct picosecond measurements of the rate constants for acid dissociation ka and geminate recombination k–a as a function of solvent cluster size for the seeded cluster system phenol-(NH3)n (henceforth ROH • Mn).3


The basic equations for determining the linear dielectric constants of a finite ionic crystal with arbitrary basis are derived and shown to be equivalent to those obtained by Born and Huang for an infinite crystal. The derivation is based on the assumption that the relaxation of the interionic spacing at the surface of the crystal merely extends over a few layers of ions. The approach used in these calculations is extended to the description of certain long-wavelength oscillations with shape-dependent frequencies.


Some results of passive microwave remote sensing application for the determination of surface (20-30 cm layer) soil moisture and general water content in 1 m layer are presented. Model estimation of accuracy dependence on different soil parameters, vegetation biomass, errors of calibration, etc. are given. Results of comparison between remote sensing data and contact data, obtained in different regions are analyzed. The algorithms for data processing were elaborated in Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics Russian Academy of Sciences, and developed in Institute of Geoinformatics Ltd., software and microwave radiometers in centimeter and decimeter wavebands for experiments were elaborated in Institute of Geoinformatics Ltd.


THIS panel was optimized primarily to determine the frequency and immunophenotype of antibody secreting cells (ASC), historically called plasma B cells [PCs, reviewed in Refs. (1–3)]. The panel can also be used to determine the frequency and phenotype of other B cell subsets including memory B cells and na€ıve B cells, which occur in various anatomic niches, but particularly in the circulation (Table 1). The panel has been tested on various human tissues from healthy subjects, and has been shown to be applicable to fresh and cryopreserved peripheral blood, spleen, bone marrow, and tonsil cells; we have observed active antibody secretion from thawed cells. We continue to apply the panel to a variety of tissues and donors to build on our understanding of humoral immunity and the cells that contribute to long-lasting vaccine responses. Analysis of rare cells can be difficult, and our aim is to encourage better data in the analysis of ASC.


In order to understand the electrical conduction mechanisms in the transfer characteristics of pentacene-based organic thin film transistors (OTFTs), an analysis using the temperature-dependent transfer characteristics is presented. The temperature-dependent transfer characteristics exhibit hopping conduction behavior. Compared to the fitting data for the temperature-dependent linear-regime (saturation-regime) transfer characteristics of OTFTs, the fitting data for the temperature-dependent sub-threshold-regime transfer characteristics of OTFTs show that a longer hopping distance and a higher barrier height for hopping result in a higher channel resistance. However, similar hopping conduction behavior is seen in the saturation and linear regions, which demonstrates that the carrier mobility is drain-source voltage-dependent.


Background and Aim: This study evaluated brain antioxidants of locally formulated herbal antimalarial therapy, dry plantain leaf extract (Musa paradisiaca) on mice infected with Plasmodium berghei.
Experimental Procedure: Five groups of ten mice each namely control, P. berghei, artesunate, P. berghei infected mice using curative, suppressive and prophylactic models were orally administered with 250 and 1000mg/kg leaf extract of Musa paradisiaca. On the 10th day, the mice were sacrificed and blood samples collected for Catalase, Glutathione Peroxidase (GPX), Glutathione (Glut) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) estimation by standard method. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 21.
Results and Conclusion: Catalase (µ/L) was 18.44±1.31, 9.65±0.16, 11.64±1.68, 12.83±0.43, 12.39±0.67, 12.80± 2.20, 9.90± 0.30, 11.54± 0.30, 15.59±0.86, 12.91± 0.33 and 12.0± 0.30, GPX(µ/L) was 63.58±0.62, 19.13±2.4, 42.24±7.15, 17.62±12.70, 55.27±0.50, 42.24±7.15, 17.62±12.70, 55.27±0.50, 37.8±5.20, 39.40± 0.30 and 34.50± 0.50, Glut(µ/m) was 1.05±0.35, 0.61±0.59, 0.67±0.53, 0.74±0.46, 0.94±0.18, 0.67±0.53, 0.74±0.46, 0.94±0.18, 0.74± 0.18, 0.68± 0.40 and 0.81± 0.30 while MDA(µ/m) was 47.9±0.45, 11.2±0.8, 6.4±0.2, 6.0±0.10, 8.30±0.40, 6.4±0.2, 6.0±0.10, 8.3±0.4, 6.10± 0.50, 6.00±0.10 and 5.90± 0.00 in control, P bergei, Artesunate, 250mg, 1000mg, Artesunate, 250mg, 1000mg, Artesunate, 250 mg and 1000 mg curative, Suppressive and prophylactic doses  respectively. Results showed Musa paradisiaca leaf extract protects brain of Plasmodium berghei infected mice from free radicals.


ABSTRACT CHANNEL widths, depths, and cross-sectional areas were measured at several locations on a stream draining a 50.5-km2 agricultural watershed in east-central Iowa several times during the 1964 to 1980 period. Land use became more row-crop intensive during this period, with the channel progressively increasing in width and depth. The average annual increase in channel area from 1964 to 1980 was 2.7% (0.29 mVyr), with the larger increases in channel dimensions associated with the 1977 to 1980 period. Runoff and sediment loads from the watershed, and field sub watersheds, were investigated for 1976 to 1980. At the field sub watersheds, snowmelt runoff was a sizeable portion of total annual runoff, yet erosion and sediment transport with snowmelt was minimal. For the stream, snowmelt sediment load (as a percentage of the total annual load) was larger than at the field sites, suggesting the possible reentrainment by snowmelt of previously deposited sediment. However, cross-sectional data for 1964 to 1967 did not substantiate the hypothesis of sediment deposition in the stream channel during the summer, with subsequent flushing of deposited sediment during snowmelt. Average sediment load attributable to channel contributions was estimated to be at least 25%.


Measuring the power consumption of individual household appliance is an essential task for home energy management and demand response programmes. To this end, this article proposes a simple yet effective, two-stage nonintrusive appliance load monitoring scheme. A standard deviation based automatic state detection algorithm is developed in stage-1, which results in the information about states and the transient spans of individual appliances. In stage-2 of the proposal, a penalty-based enhanced integer programming (IP) based load disaggregation method is proposed. The efficacy of the proposed method is initially verified with the reference energy disaggregation data dataset and, then, tested on an actual residential house. Various test results reveal that the proposed enhanced IP-based method is an effective and less complex solution to load disaggregation problem.


Convolved audio signals can be separated by frequency-domain blind source separation. Complex independent component analysis is performed in each frequency bin of the mixed signal,but the permutation inconsistency and scaling arbitrary are involved. The permutation alignment methods using DOA estimation is discussed and a new scheme based on separation matrix initialization is proposed. The simulation shows that the proposed method is easy to implement and can resolve the permutation problem. A good separation result is achieved.


Subject of the research were coal samples taken from different tectonic blocks of a coal bed, from the seams 404/2, 409/3, 409/4, and 415/3 (Namurian C) in coal mine Zofiowka. Samples from investigated seams represent middle ranked coal type B (metabituminous), characterised by a mean reflectance of vitrinite in a range of Ro = 1,12 to 1,33%. It was found that for samples collected from coal seams 415/3, 409/4, and 409/3, value of vitrinite reflectance decreases slightly with increasing distance between the sampling location and red beds that exist in the Carboniferous roof, what points on certain inversion of coal rank. All analysed coal samples from Ruda beds are characterized by certain peculiarities in petrographic composition, which are typical for thermally metamorphosed coals, in the temperature range of 400-500°C. Presence of such components as anisotropic inertinite, fluorescing bituminous substance, and more rarely pseudomorphs after macrospores characterized by intense bireflectance, were observed. Sporadically pyrolytic coal was also observed, characterised by intense anisotropy with visible Brewster crosses by cross-Nicol position. Components, which exhibit structure similar do coke, were also observed in tested coal samples. A manifestation of thermal processes could be also presence of significant amounts of carbonates in tested samples, which are present in a form of filling of cellular spaces in semifusinite, fusinite, and funginite.


In the domain of creativity, many different phenomena have been labeled creative. One strategy for bringing order to the variety has been to distinguish different categories of creativity. This article proposes that multiple dimensions, rather than categories, provide a more heuristic approach for capturing the variety. By dimensionalizing the criteria that define discrete categories (Big C vs. little c, for example), assembling various dimensions suggested by others scattered in the literature (degree of organization within a domain, for example), and identifying new dimensions (structure in initial project representation, for example), we achieve a more solid foundation for describing, analyzing, comparing, and theorizing about the varieties of the creative process. There is no claim that the dimensions are independent; rather, their relationships to one another pose interesting empirical and conceptual questions. The dimensional approach suggests new perspectives on laboratory measures of creativity, new ways of looking at the development of creativity in children, and a middle path in the tension between those who hold that the making of each creative work is unique and those whose work rests on the assumption of universals in the creative process.


In order to investigate the relationship between frost heave phenomena and water migration in cohesive soils, frost heave tests were performed on cohesive soils under closed system condition. In addition, it was also investigated the change in frost heave characteristics corresponding to the change in the prepared soil types.The main concluding remarks derived from these studies are as follows; i) Frost heave rates in consolidated specimens are greater than the corresponding values in compacted specimens at the early stage during frost. ii) The frost heave was also closely related with the water migration and that relationship was affected by the degree of saturation in the specimen. In addition, the change in frost heave characteristics corresponding to the change in the prepared soil types were compared and cleared.


The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship among field orientedness and career development support―the traits of overseas internship program, global competencies, and employability of overseas internship program participants. The data used for this study is collected from internees who have participated or are participating in the overseas internship program operated with government's financial support. To enhance reliability of the results, "Internees" were restricted to those who participating in the internship or working at the same company after the internship as of the survey date.
This study found firstly, field orientedness and career development support have positive effect both on internal flexibility and external mobility and therefore positively affect to employability. In addition, it was found that field orientedness was more influential to internal flexibility while career development support has a greater impact in external mobility. Secondly, cross-cultural adaptability and language skills―lower factor of global competency― has positive effect both on internal flexibility and external mobility. Third, among the sub-variables of global competency, language skills have positive effect only on external mobility among the sub-variables of employment possibility, and cross-cultural adaptability has a positive effect both on internal flexibility and external mobility. Forth, global competency has mediating effect on the relationship between career development support and employability but not on the relationship between field oritentedness of the overseas internship and employability.
Therefore, it is verified that employability can be increased by the mediating effect of global competency while being positively affected by field orientedness and career development support of overseas internship.
Several implications can be drawn from these research results. Firstly, overseas internship need to be expended and more structured as a part of workplace learning, universities also need a global approach to improve students' employability. Secondly, it is necessary to induce multi-national corporations or companies of host country to participate in the program since internees are less exposed to cross-cultural. Lastly, global competency and employability can be used as important outcome indicator.


Through analysis of the mechanism of oxygen corrosion in metallic pipeline,it is understood that velocity of the metallic corrosion speeds up with the increase of dissolved oxygen content On the basis of investigating the dissolved oxygen in water source and feed in oxygen in process in Wen 2 sewage treatment plant of Zhongyuan oilfield,strategies and methods are established for controlling the dissolved oxygen in the corrosion caused by fresh water oxygen and oxygen containing in sewage lagoon water and sewage water from condensation and boiler as well as the feed in oxygen in process After the strategies and methods are carried out,corrosion is reduced within the network of pipelines,oxygen content is zero in water supply,thus the quality of injected water is completely conformed with standard


A line of large-format raster-type film recorders, utilizing Argon ion laser and rotating-drum techniques, is described. Image formats of up to 40" x 72" are available. The recorders are characterized by high absolute accuracy (down to 20 microns) high incre-mental accuracy (2.5 microns), continuously variable line-spacing and fairly high speed (up to 1 million points per second). Input is coded digital data from any source. Although developed for graphic arts applications, as part of a series of digital color image processing systems, these recorders can be readily adapted to other applications, including many that now use X-Y film plotters. One present version of the recorder enables exposing most common lithographic films with binary ("line") images as well as with half-tone images of any mesh number and angle. This version is already being applied to decorative printing preparation, to computer-aided cartography and to seismographic and remotely-sensed (aerial and satellite) data recording. Another version enables recording of variable-density (continuous-tone) films. Future plans include adaptation to the exposure of offset plates, further increase in accuracy and a five-fold increase in speed.


McGouldrick and Zevin, and finds that profit rates for Chicopee between 1860 and 1885 conformed to average New England cotton textile profit rates, while between 1885 and 1915 Chicopee dividends were below an industry sample of average dividends. Cudd considers the organizational side of the firm's history by reference to its methods of financing, management, sales, and purchasing. He also discusses the changing nature of and increasing problems with labor. The strengths of this volume are unfortunately closely related to its weaknesses. Cudd's contribution rests on piecing together the history of the origins of the firm, as well as providing long-term statistical series from which one can make judgements about trends in production, sales, and profits after 1860. Overall, Cudd presents a coherent if skeletal account of the growth and development of the firm. Yet, the volume lacks a discussion of the internal developments that one would expect in a company history. Aside from the fact that he lacks substantial data on purchases, production, sales, and profits before the Civil War, Cudd has little "internal" information. He made use of treasurers' reports and minutes of the meetings of the company's directors, but he apparently found no business correspondence. As a result, discussion of financing the firm, cotton purchases, relations with workers, and arrangements with selling agencies are sketchy at best. We learn little of the men who ran the firm and virtually nothing about the decision-making process within the company. The paucity of quantitative and qualitative information leave some of Cudd's conclusions open to question. While it might be true, Cudd's account does not support the conclusion that "the growth of the factory, production, and sales during most of the nineteenth century were products of skillful management in the areas of cotton purchases, production, marketing, and labor" (p. 219). Finally, the volume is marred by an overly simplistic and indeed unimaginative style. Cudd, in short, may have amassed all the evidence available on the Chicopee Company. In doing so he has made a contribution by making available some data on production, sales, and profits for the late nineteenth century. Unfortunately, he failed to recognize that the evidence available to him justified the writing of a few articles and not a book.


tachycardia and hypertension due to sympathetic response that can be treated with labetalol. Cognitive adverse effects that include dysphoria, dissociation, and hallucination are common and worse when given in combination with midazolam. These adverse effects are minimal with the S (+)-enantiomer of ketamine3 and reduce with infusion rate change. In addition, 0.1 mg of oral clonidine, 0.1 mg/d of clonidine patch, or 0.2–0.85 mg/kg/h of infused clonidine can be used to decrease side effects when ketamine and midazolam are used together.4 Low doses of alprazolam therapy can be used for unresponsive cases. Side effects such as diplopia and nystagmus may be monitored if tolerated by the patient, else it goes away with reducing the dose. It may cause liver toxicity; hence, daily liver function tests are recommended. Rising liver function tests are an early sign of ketamine induced liver injury.7 Ketamine has been proven to be neuroprotective in animal models improving outcomes in cerebral ischemia.8 It can increase cerebral blood flow and mean arterial pressure in humans.9 Hence, with awareness and control of side effects, ketamine proves to be a safe and effective analgesic/sedative associated with stable hemodynamics and improved patient outcomes in the MICU.


Smart phones should not just accompany their owners: they should provide them with the data they want whenever and wherever they are. This does not mean that the user should always be able to fetch data on demand: wireless communication requires a significant amount of energy; cellular bandwidth is often limited; and, coverage is not ubiquitous. Instead, scheduling data stream updates, e.g., podcast downloads and photo uploads, should incorporate predictions of where the user will be, when and where data will be needed, and when transfer conditions are good (e.g., WiFi is available). The challenges we have encountered while designing such a framework include scheduling transmissions while respecting multiple optimization goals, application integration, modeling user and data stream behavior, and managing prefetched data. To better understand user behavior and evaluate our framework, we are gathering traces of smart phone use. Initial results show potential energy savings of over 70%.


The main goal of this paper is to contribute to a better understanding of political flexibility of the Ottomans by researching state decisions that led to exempting urban population in the frontier sanjaks of Bosnia, Herzegovina, Zvornik and Klis from paying extraordinary taxes ( avârız-ı dîvâniyye ). Particularly, attention is paid to identifying the discourse of state officials, the diversity of reasons stated by the government in granting tax exemptions to the population of frontier towns, the background of exemptions, their links with the interests/needs of the state, as well as to changes that occurred over time in the tax status of the mentioned groups. Together with that, efforts were made in making parallels with state policies towards inland provinces and other internal peripheries of the Ottoman Empire. The basis for the analysis consists of various cadastral survey registers ( tâpu tahrîr defter ), compiled from the fourth decade of the 16 th century to the beginning of the 17 th century. Finally, the interpretation of those primary sources is intended to contribute to further reassessment of traditional narratives on the Orient and Orientals, particularly to deconstruction of overly generalised and essentialistically understood images of their supposed inertness and indolence of mind.


In this paper,by using a greenhouse inside and outside meteorological data from 18th December 2007 to 29th February 2008 provided by Shandong Province Climate Center,and by taking multiple regression analysis between the greenhouse minimum temperature and meteorological factors data,we establish greenhouse minimum temperature forecast model under the different weather condition.


Introduction. Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused about twenty differents species of the Leishmania protozoo.Transmitted to humans by the bite of a female midge of the genus Phlebotomine sp. The clinical manifestations are variable and are related to the infected species, their relationship with the environment and the host immune response. Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL), affect the skin and mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract, is present in Latin America, produced mainly by Leishmania (Vianna) braziliensis. The initial signs first signs are erythema and ulcerations in the nostrils, followed by destructive inflammation that can spread to involve the nasal septum, in some cases, pharynx or larynx, severely disfiguring the face and compromise the patient's life. Clinical case. A 90 year old male from the Northwest of Pichincha province, who has several ulcerative lesions in the right nasal bridge, inner corner of the right eye and ipsilateral cheek covering an area of approximately 4 cm in diameter is presented. Multiple doses of pentavalent antimony (Glucantime©) were applied because it was suspected MCL. Diagnostic tests for Leishmaniasis (smear, culture and PCR) were negative. Histopathological examination determined that it was a basal cell skin carcinoma. Results. The skin biopsy sample determined a lesion with basal cell carcinoma, we have referred the patient to SOLCA. Discussion. There are some differential diagnoses of MCL in endemic areas, skin carcinoma being one of which doctors and laboratory technicians should take into account at the time of diagnosis. In addition, MCL diagnoses should be confirmed with laboratory tests to avoid misuse of antimonials. Conclusions. In endemic areas of MCL, a proper differential diagnosis must be performed for ulcerative lesions such as basal cell carcinoma of the skin, avoiding the indiscriminately administration of pentavalent antimony.


Few studies have focused on the imbalance of the autonomic nervous system during hemodialysis (HD), although it seems to be an important factor for the maintenance of blood pressure.
 The aim of this work was to assess the impact of hemodialysis (HD) and glucose injection upon entropy of heart rate and blood pressure during HD session in end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients with and without diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2.

 21 patients without DM (NDO), in age 54,95 +/-13,08 y.o., and 10 DM patients, in age 69,70 +/- 8,27 y.o., were studied during HD. 30 minutes after dialysis begins, 40% glucose solution was administered in the amount of 0.5g/kg body dry-weight (constant rate of 1 mL/s). The cardiovascular signals were extracted from the recordings using Portapres® system. The analysis was performed using Amplitude Aware Permutation Entropy (AAPE). The parameters of AAPE were set as d=7, A=0.5. All statistical analysis were performed on significance level α=0.05. The comparisons between groups were conducted with Mann-Whitney test with Holm corrections. The comparisons in time points were performed using Friedman test with post-hoc (Wilcoxon test with Holm corrections). The calculations of AAPE and all statistical analysis were performed with Matlab R2020a and R.

 The results are presented in table.
 It was found that AAPE(HR) tends to decrease during dialysis (NS) and increases only in the DM group after glucose injection (p=0.019); without difference between groups. There were no differences in AAPE of blood pressure between the groups, but hemodialysis reduces AAPE(fiSYS) in both groups (p<0.001 in both DM and NDO groups) and AAPE(fiDIA) in NDO (p<0.01). AAPE(TPR) is high before dialysis, and decreases during HD in both groups (p<0.0001). There is no effect of glucose injection on AAPE(HR) in both groups, but AAPE(fiSYS) and AAPE(fiDIA) increase in NDO (p<0.001, p<0.01, p<0.05 respectively); without difference between groups. AAPE(TPR) tends to increase after glucose injection (p<0.05 for NDO, NS for DM).

 AAPE(HR)tends to decrease during HD, and glucose injections increase AAPE(HR) in DM patients. Hemodialysis reduce, and glucose injections increase AAPE of blood pressure especially in NDO. A weaker response to hemodialysis and glucose injection in diabetic patients may be caused by impairment of the autonomic system, and may have clinical impact – may leads to faint. Glucose administration does not prevent autonomic system disorders in patients with DM.


A series of 24 patients with severe neutropenia, most of whom had acute myeloblastic leukemia, were treated in an isolation unit with oral nonabsorbable antibiotics and were compared to 21 similar patients receiving oral antibiotics alone. The frequency of bacterial infections was lower in the patients receiving both isolation and oral antibiotics compared to the patients who received only oral antibiotics. The responses to chemotherapy in terms of remission rates were identical for the two groups.


Abstract The observed precipitation climatology in austral summer has a pronounced longitudinal gradient across Africa and South America. A low-resolution general circulation model (GCM) with a simple continent centered on the equator is used to understand how the presence of the land surface generates this gradient, and the role of surface wetness in determining its magnitude. In the model, precipitation is enhanced on the east coast of the continent in the summer hemisphere tropics with magnitude and location independent of surface wetness. Precipitation rates are lower in the continental interior and in the west as the surface becomes drier, resulting in a longitudinal precipitation gradient that is similar to observations. Modeled low-level moisture convergence and wind convergence anomalies mimic the precipitation anomalies over all but the driest land surfaces. A linearized primitive equation model is used to identify the physical mechanisms responsible for the GCM's dynamical response. Dry convecti...


A case of interdigital mastocytoma was reported in a mongrel dog doberman and surgical ablation; a biopsy after surgery was performed to confirm the presumpt...


The description of the six known species of Iberian Siphlonuridae has now been completed for all stages. A new Iberian Siphlonurus‐species, S. montanus Studemann, sp. n., is described at the imaginai, subimaginai and larval stages. A differential diagnosis is given for S. flavidus, S. hispanicus, S. lusoensis and S. montanus Studemann, sp. n. A key to the male imagines of all Iberian Siphlonuridae is included.


These three papers investigate the establishment and trajectories of three institutions devoted to the documentation of women's history: the World Center for Women's Archives in New York, the International Archives of the Women's Movement (now known as the Aletta Institute for Women's History) in Amsterdam, and the International Museum of Women in San Francisco. The panelists detail the challenges faced by each institution and discuss the key founding personalities.


Excessivelyingisgenerallyconsideredtobeahallmarkofpsychopathy. Meanwhile,theempiricalevidencefortheassociationbetweenpsychopathyandlyingissomewhatlimited.Inthepresentstudy, non-clinicalvolunteerscompletedameasureofpsychopathy,andwerethenbroughtinanexperimentalsituation(apuzzletask)in whichtheycouldopttolieforpotentialpersonalgain(i.e.monetary reward).Findingssuggestthat19%ofparticipants(i.e.31outof166)liedabouttheirperformanceinthepuzzletask,thusincreasingtheir likelihoodofgainingadditionalreward.Theselyingparticipantsscoredsigni fi cantly higher on psychopathy than did their honest peers. Thus, the fi ndings support the hypothesis that psychopathy is characterised by deceitful behaviour. Particularly, psychopathic boldness was associated with lying.


Tracheal anastomosis was performed in 3 groups of 6 mongrel dogs each (mean age, 4 months; mean weight, 7 kg) to compare synthetic sutures. The interrupted technique was used for all anastomoses and they were evaluated by rigid bronchoscopy in the 3rd postoperative week. While suture absorption was observed in the Vicryl group, it was not visible in the Ethibond and polydioxanone groups. Dogs were sacrificed between 26 and 76 days (mean, 44 days) postoperatively. No stenosis was observed in any group. Histological evaluation of the epithelium showed a statistically significant difference in epithelization between Vicryl and Ethibond, and between polydioxanone and Ethibond. There was no difference between Vicryl and polydioxanone. These results suggest that absorbable suture material is superior for tension-free anastomoses.


Simulation of physical systems using digital computers has been accomplished by many people over the past few years. One such simulation program at Cornell Aeronautical Laboratory, Inc. constitutes an analytical representation of an automobile as it departs from the highway under various environmental conditions, especially under adverse ones where there is danger of collision with obstacles. As with most complex simulation programs where there are interactions among many components, the equations of motion, including the required restraints, become long and numerous. But foremost, the output data set in printed form is quite extensive and very difficult for the investigating engineer to completely comprehend. About thirty crowded pages of output are printed for a five second automobile test run.


This article presents a software solution to the generalization of the Vehicle Routing Problem. The Vehicle Routing Problem is a logistics task, the purpose of which is to transport goods and services to a given place at a given time in a cost-effective manner. Many versions of the task have developed over the years, which model constantly changing, complicated systems. The article details the software solution of a model that models a general system. The software representation contains the following components: vector describing the order of nodes, the matrix describing the assignment of vehicles-nodes-products, vector describing the assignment of vehicle - recharger stations, vector describing the vehicle-start-end-node assignment, vector describing level, vector describing period, solution description vector. The following optimization algorithms were used in the article: Ant Colony System, Genetic Algorithm, Simulated Annealing and Tabu Search. The article presents the literature of the Vehicle Routing Problem, the software solution of the general system, the applied algorithms and their running results through a case study.


Two recent articles provide some good news for men who like tomato sauce on their pasta or pizza. Building on their earlier 1995 report, Edward Giovannucci, MD, ScD, and colleagues from the Harvard Medical School and the Harvard School of Public Health, tried to resolve the conflict in the literature as to whether or not consumption of tomato products reduces the risk of prostate cancer. They reported their findings in a recent issue of the Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2002;94:391-398). As in their previous report, the authors analyzed data from the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (HPFS), a large prospective cohort study of over 50,000 male dentists, optometrists, osteopaths, podiatrists, pharmacists, and veterinarians who were ages 40 to 75 in 1986. Compared with the previous analysis, the current study was based on over three times as many prostate cancer cases, longer duration of follow-up, and it added two additional food frequency questionnaires to the original 1986 survey.


The use of (In,Ga)zSes precursors to form Cu(ln,Ga)Sez (CIGS) films is widespread. The properties of the ln~Se3 precursor are important to the ClGS film growth and ultimately the device performance. The (In,Ga)zSes orientation, morphology, and composition can be controlled by the Se / In flux ratio. The changes occurring in the ln~Se3 at very low Se/ln flux ratios may negatively impact device performance.


Natural killer(NK) cells are a kind of large granular lymphocytes and play an essential role in a series of immune progress that include defense against microbe-infected and malignant cells via non-specific immunity.Interleukin has been reported with ability to regulate NK cells immunity by affecting their differentiation,mature,proliferation and cytotoxic activity.Herein we reviewed the regulatory effects and possible mechanism of interleukin on NK cells.


The influences of heavy metal ions on the biological treatment effect of urban wastewater,sludge structure and characteristics,biochemical reaction kinetics of microorganism in sludge,and the status and advance of domestic and international researches on aspects such as determination method of toxic characterization of sludge microorganism were introduced.And the problems existing in research and that need more deeper researches were pointed out.


This article carry on the summary and the analysis the mechanism of landslide in Jurassic Red Strata in Wanzhou, Three Gorges according to the landslide classical theory, from two aspects: the basic conditions (internal) and the trigger factors (external).Sliding-prone stratum effective free-face and structure plane in Wanzhou district was analyzed and the article also pointed out that rains, the fluctuation of water level and the artificial activity is the most primary trigger factor in this district. Finally, combining the Shaiwangba landslide format mechanism analysis to inspect the result of mechanism analysis of landslide in Jurassic red strata in Wanzhou district.


The goal of this study is to assess various aspects of blood transfusion services and blood safety and assure the adherence of the studied blood banks to the WHO global blood safety guidelines in Beni-Suef blood banks. This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2018 by in depth interview in the University hospital blood bank and the regional blood bank of Beni-Suef governorate. The officially recognized and the nationally coordinated blood transfusion service (BTS) found in both banks. There is a national blood policy and a national BTS management committee in both banks. There is a medical director responsible for the BTS and a national quality system in both banks. There is a mechanism for calculating total BTS costs in both banks. The approximate cost in US$ of producing one unit of whole blood is approximately 10 dollars (about 170 LE) and a system of stock control in both banks. Both blood banks are working under the WHO guidelines for global blood safety.


From May to October 2010, throughfall associated with 38 rainfall events in three belowcanopy zones (inner-canopy, mid-canopy, and canopy-periphery) of nine juvenile lodgepole pine trees and in open areas between canopies was measured along north, south, east and west transects radiating from each tree bole. Median cumulative throughfall (%) significantly differed among the canopy zones under differing rain depth classes and was negatively correlated with tree size metrics, but only for certain combinations of canopy zones and rain depth classes. Although median cumulative throughfall (%) was negatively correlated with canopy cover fraction when all below-canopy gauges were considered, this relationship only held true for the innerand mid-canopy zones under relatively small rain depth classes. Additionally, cumulative throughfall (%) was often dependent on transect direction, with event throughfall showing a dependence on the direction of storm origin. Temporal persistence of throughfall was assessed using time stability plots and Spearman rank coefficients of rain event and depth class pairings for all gauges and by canopy zone. The influence of temporal lag and meteorological variables on persistence was also assessed. The implications of our findings on throughfall sampling and for future ecohydrological studies in juvenile lodgepole pine and similar stands are discussed. Additionally, stemflow was measured so that a full canopy water balance could be derived for each event and over the study period. Canopy interception loss, throughfall and stemflow accounted for 87.7, 10.5, and 1.8% of the study-period rainfall, respectfully. Both the reformulated Gash and reformulated Liu models were found to have satisfactory simulated study-period interception loss; however, estimates at the rain-event scale were often poor. Interception loss from the juvenile stand is largely a factor of canopy cover fraction and relatively high during-rainfall evaporation rates.


This paper implements an unsubstantial location index(ULI) for evaluating the voltage sag impacts of the fault locations in power system on the customer. Three stochastic simulation models of fault locations are compared before proposing the index to get the most accurate simulation model. The ULI is presented considering both the remnant magnitude of voltage sags and frequency of the faults in the system. Monte Carlo simulation method is applied in simulating the voltage sag events. With the results of ULI, the sequence provides the most important location that needs to be considered. The ULI can tell the utility which points need to be taken care of, and help them make decision in the schedule of reconstruction.


Objective To investigate the efficacy of auricular point magnetic bead plaster therapy for vascular headache.Methods Fifty patients diagnosed with vascular headache were randomly allocated to a treatment group of 25 cases and a control group of 25 cases.The control group took Flunayizine Hydrochloride Capsules orally and the treatment group received magnetic bead plaster therapy at auricular points Shenmen,Sympathetic,Liver,Heart,Spleen,Subcortex,Forehead,Occiput and Brain stem.Thirty days composed a course of treatment in both groups.The therapeutic effects were evaluated after one course of treatment.Results The total efficacy rate was 92% in the treatment group and 60% in the control group;there was a statistically significant between-group difference(P0.01).Blood pressure fell significantly(P0.05) and mean blood flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery(MCA) and the anterior cerebral artery(ACA) changed significantly(P0.01) in the treatment group.Conclusion Auricular point plaster therapy has a marked effect on vascular headache.Meanwhile,it has the effects of reducing blood pressure and improving cerebral blood flow.


BACKGROUND: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of hospitalisation associated with acute respiratory infection in infants and young children, with substantial disease burden globally. The impact of additional respiratory pathogens on RSV disease severity is not completely understood. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to explore the associations between RSV disease severity and the presence of other respiratory pathogens. METHODS: Nasopharyngeal swabs were prospectively collected from two infant cohorts: a prospective longitudinal birth cohort study and an infant cross-sectional study recruiting infants <1 year of age with RSV infection in Spain, the UK, and the Netherlands during 2017-20 [part of the REspiratory Syncytial virus Consortium in EUrope (RESCEU) project]. The samples were sequenced using targeted metagenomic sequencing with a probe set optimised for high-resolution capture of sequences of over 100 pathogens, including all common respiratory viruses and bacteria. Viral genomes and bacterial genetic sequences were reconstructed. Associations between clinical severity and presence of other pathogens were evaluated after adjusting for potential confounders, including age, gestational age, RSV viral load, and presence of comorbidities. RESULTS: RSV was detected in 433 infants. Nearly one in four of the infants (24%) harboured at least one additional non-RSV respiratory virus, with human rhinovirus being the most frequently detected (15% of the infants), followed by seasonal coronaviruses (4%). In this cohort, RSV-infected infants harbouring any other virus tended to be older (median age: 4.3 vs. 3.7 months) and were more likely to require intensive care and mechanical ventilation than those who did not. Moraxella, Streptococcus, and Haemophilus species were the most frequently identified target bacteria, together found in 392 (91%) of the 433 infants (S. pneumoniae in 51% of the infants and H. influenzae in 38%). The strongest contributors to severity of presentation were younger age and the co-detection of Haemophilus species alongside RSV. Across all age groups in both cohorts, detection of Haemophilus species was associated with higher overall severity, as captured by ReSVinet scores, and specifically with increased rates of hospitalisation and respiratory distress. In contrast, presence of Moraxella species was associated with lower ReSVinet scores and reduced need for intensive care and mechanical ventilation. Infants with and without Streptococcus species (or S. pneumoniae in particular) had similar clinical outcomes. No specific RSV strain was associated with co-detection of other pathogens. CONCLUSION: Our findings provide strong evidence for associations between RSV disease severity and the presence of additional respiratory viruses and bacteria. The associations, while not indicating causation, are of potential clinical relevance. Awareness of coexisting microorganisms could inform therapeutic and preventive measures to improve the management and outcome of RSV-infected infants.


Ibunka to shite no kodomo (Children as a diff erent culture) by Honda Masuko was fi rst published in 1982.1 Despite Honda's importance in Japanese critical theory, her work is relatively unknown outside Japan. To date, her essay "Th e Genealogy of Hirahira: Th e Liminality of the Girl" is her only work translated into English, other than what is presented here.2 Th at essay, which is also a chapter in Children as a Diff erent Culture, was one of the fi rst scholarly works to draw a connection between prewar girls' culture (shōjo bunka) and postwar girls' comics (shōjo manga). In addition to her groundbreaking work on shōjo (teenage girls), Honda is foremost a scholar of childhood studies. Children as a Diff erent Culture is a key text in Japanese language scholarship on children and childhood. Born in 1931, Honda attended Ochanomizu University in Tokyo and later joined the faculty as a professor. She served as the fi rst female president of Ochanomizu from 2001 to 2005. She is the author of many books on childhood from the Edo period to the present, and on children's literature and girlhood in general, but Children as a Diff erent Culture, her second book, is still the most widely cited. Honda begins the book with a haiku by Kobayashi Issa, written in 1814:


A 2-MHz generator was used for plasma treatment and plasma polymerization and compared with 13.56-MHz plasma. Without a matching unit, the 2-MHz generator can match the impedance by adjusting its frequency to create stable plasma, which is called "self-oscillation". Unlike the ordinary rf generator, as another advantage, the 2-MHz generator showed little radio-wave interference. In the O2 plasma treatment of HDPE and PP plates, the surfaces became hydrophilic for both the frequencies, in which 2 MHz showed superior treatment effect to 13.56 MHz. In the plasma polymerization of CHF3 and C2H4, the deposition rate in 2-MHz plasma was lower than that in 13.56 MHz. However, the properties of the deposited films were alike.


Given the evidence that concentrations of the fine fraction of particulate matter in the atmosphere are more strongly associated with health problems than concentrations of the coarse fraction, it seems very likely that in the near future air quality in large cities will be defined more on the basis of PM2.5 concentrations rather than PM10. We have developed a forecasting model for the maximum of the 24 hour moving average of PM2.5. The model is based on the neural network technique. Training is performed with historical data from four monitoring stations located in Santiago Chile and with relevant meteorological information in the city. Cross correlations between several candidate variables for input allowed the selection of a reduced number of them which are used in the final model. Results show that the developed model can be used as an operational tool for air quality management.


Central nervous system (CNS) vasculitis is an inflammatory disorder with devastating morbidity. It occurs as a primary disorder limited to the CNS (childhood primary angiitis of the nervous system [cPACNS]) or secondary to systemic inflammatory disease, infection, drug exposure, and various other causes. The diagnosis of CNS vasculitis is challenging, with lack of consensus on diagnostic criteria. In the past, the criterion standard for diagnosis was brain or leptomeningeal biopsy that revealed histopathological features of angiitis in the setting of characteristic clinical features. Biopsy, however, is invasive and even when performed optimally may result in a false negative result due to the patchy nature of CNS vasculitis. Four vessel angiography or conventional angiogram has been suggested as the diagnostic modalities of choice to be used in place of biopsy. Clinical features such as headache and acquired neurological deficits combined with multifocal brain parenchymal lesions seen on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in association with typical angiographic findings on conventional angiogram have been used for diagnosis. Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) is also useful, as it is less invasive and does not expose the child to radiation. Eleftheriou et al. report the results of MRA and conventional angiogram in a series of children with cerebral infarction secondary to suspected CNS vasculitis. They found that the sensitivity and specificity of MRA compared with conventional angiogram was 63% and 89% respectively, with most false negatives involving the posterior circulation. As MRA is typically performed before conventional angiogram, disease progression may account for the greater number of lesions seen by conventional angiogram compared with MRA. Nevertheless, the preponderance of posterior circulation lesions identified only by conventional angiogram suggests that disease progression does not account for differences in detection of vasculitic lesions. Thus, although MRA has been used increasingly to investigate childhood cerebral vasculopathies, conventional angiogram still has a role in suspected CNS vasculitis. The current report expands the findings of Aviv et al. who reviewed MRI and MRA findings in children diagnosed with cPACNS based on clinical and laboratory presentation and conventional angiogram. They found that MRI was abnormal in all cases and that the most common pattern of location for MRA abnormalities was the proximal, anterior circulation in association with multifocal parenchymal lesions on MRI within the lenticulostriate distribution. Left untreated, CNS vasculitis causes a devastating neurological disease. Treatment with potent immunosuppressive agents has significant side effects. Optimal treatment of children with CNS vasculitis requires timely and accurate diagnosis and the ability to follow disease progression radiographically as well as clinically. The study by Eleftheriou et al. is a valuable addition to our understanding of CNS vasculitis. It confirms the importance of conventional angiogram in the diagnosis of CNS vasculitis in childhood. In a child with the clinical features of CNS vasculitis and brain lesions on MRI, MRA is an appropriate initial investigation. But if MRA is not diagnostic and clinical suspicion persists, conventional angiogram is the next step, despite concerns about procedural risk and radiation exposure. Finally, both MRA and conventional angiogram fail to detect some cases of CNS vasculitis, particularly small vessel vasculitis. In these patients, brain and leptomeningeal biopsies still play a role.


To enable accurate indoor localization at low cost, recent research in visible light positioning (VLP) proposed to employ existing ceiling lights as location landmarks, and use smartphone cameras or light sensors to identify the different lights using statistical visual/optical features. Despite the potential, we find such solutions are unreliable: the features are easily corrupted with a slight rotation of the smartphone, and are not discriminative enough for many practical light models with different size/shape/intensity. In this work, we propose Auto-Litell to resolve these critical challenges and make VLP truly robust. Auto-Litell builds a customized deep-learning neural network model to automatically distill the "invisible" visual features from the lights, which are resilient to smartphone orientation and light models. Moreover, Auto-Litell introduces a Light-CycleGAN to generate "fake" light images to augment the training data, so as to relieve human labors in data collection and labeling. We have implemented Auto-Litell as a real-time localization and navigation system on Android. Our experiments demonstrate Auto-Litell's high accuracy in discriminating the lights in the same building, and high reliability across a variety of practical usage scenarios.


Much has been written about humor and even sarcasm automatic recognition on Twitter. The task of classifying humorous tweets according to the type of humor has not been confronted so far, as far as we know. This research is aimed at applying classification and other NLP algorithms to the challenging task of automatically identifying the type and topic of humorous messages on Twitter. To achieve this goal, we will extend the related work surveyed hereinafter, adding different types of humor and characteristics to distinguish between them, including stylistic, syntactic, semantic and pragmatic ones. We will keep in mind the complex nature of the task at hand, which emanates from the informal language applied in tweets and variety of humor types and styles. These tend to be remarkably different from the type specific ones recognized in related works. We will use semi-supervised classifiers on a dataset of humorous tweets driven from different Twitter humor groups or funny tweet sites. Using a Mechanical Turk we will create a gold standard in which each tweet will be tagged by several annotators, in order to achieve an agreement between them, although the nature of the humor might allow one tweet to be classified under more than one class and topic of humor.


a-MnO2 was synthesized by liquid-decomposition method using KMnO4 and Mn(OAc)2·4 H2O as precursors.The content of potassium ion in the crystal of a-MnO2 was varied by adding potassium chloride solution with different concentration into the reactants.As a result,the potassium content was obviously enhanced in the crystal of a-MnO2(from 1.70% to 2.99%).It shows that BET surface area of a-MnO2 decreases from 253 m2/g to 183 m2/g with the increase of potassium content.Nevertheless,an increase of specific capacitance from 143 F/g up to 165 F/g is observed.It demonstrates that the number of active sites contributed to the pseudocapacitance is improved by accumulating potassium ion in the structure of a-MnO2.Furthermore,asymmetric supercapacitors were assembled using a-MnO2 and commercial activated carbon as electrode materials.Within the operating window of 2 V,the capacitance of asymmetric capacitor is high up to 28.5 F/g.


This paper will describe how environmental quality is interrelated with feed management and whole farm nutrient management. The nutrients of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) will be used to demonstrate the concepts and connections between feed management and whole farm nutrient management. Others at this conference have focused on feed management strategies at the cow level (Larry Chase and Katharine Knowlton).


The invention relates to a process for dechlorination of alkylsilanes and -siloxanes, and to the use of basic anion exchange resins for dechlorination of alkylsilanes and -siloxanes.


CONTEXT.—
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) needs to be distinguished from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and metastasis, and in the absence of any specific biliary markers, is often a diagnosis of exclusion. Hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-1β is a transcription factor that plays a critical role in bile duct system morphogenesis.

OBJECTIVE.—
To investigate the diagnostic value of HNF-1β to differentiate iCCA from HCC by immunohistochemistry and compare HNF-1β with C-reactive protein (CRP), a previously identified marker for iCCA.

DESIGN.—
Cases of iCCA (n = 75), combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CCA) (n = 13) and HCC (n = 65) were included in the study.

RESULTS.—
All cases of iCCA (74 of 74, 100%) expressed HNF-1β compared with CRP expressed in 72.60% (53 of 73). The sensitivity and specificity of HNF-1β to differentiate iCCA from HCC was 100% and 92.31%, whereas the sensitivity and specificity for CRP was 75.58% and 7.79%. The expression of HNF-1β was greater in iCCA and the CCA component of cHCC-CCA compared with CRP (87 of 87, 100% versus 65 of 86, 75.58%, P < .001). On the contrary, CRP was more frequently expressed compared with HNF-1β in HCC and HCC component of cHCC-CCA (71 of 77, 92.21% versus 6 of 78, 7.69%; P < .001).

CONCLUSIONS.—
Our data indicate that HNF-1β is a more sensitive and specific marker than CRP for the diagnosis of iCCA and to identify the CCA component in cHCC-CCA. Lack of HNF-1β expression may be used to exclude iCCA from consideration in cases of adenocarcinomas of unknown primary.


Species living in metapopulations depend on connected habitat networks for their survival. If habitat networks experience fast temporal dynamics, species conservation requires preventing habitat discontinuities that could lead to metapopulation extinctions. However, few institutional solutions exist for the maintenance of spatiotemporally dynamic habitat networks outside of protected areas. To explore this often neglected problem, we studied the institutional fit of false heath fritillary (Melitaea diamina) conservation in Finland from the perspective of conservation institutions' ability to manage early successional habitat availability for this endangered species. We identified four institutional arrangements that enable effective conservation management of dynamic habitat networks: (1) acknowledgment of habitat dynamics, (2) monitoring of and responding to changes in the habitat network, (3) management of resources for fluctuating resource needs, and (4) scaling of activities through flexible collaborations. These arrangements provide the institutional flexibility needed for responding to temporal changes in habitat availability.


The new directions in concordance with Bologna process impose a modern approach in the engineers' education, too. The technical graphics is one of fundamental science, which offers the abilities for understanding the technical ideas as a whole to students from technical profile. The paper presents aspects concerning engineers' graphics education in the increased quality and adapted to actual informatics society conditions.


Increasing demand for larger touch screen panels (TSPs) places more energy burden to mobile systems with conventional sensing methods. To mitigate this problem, taking advantage of the touch event sparsity, this brief proposes a novel TSP readout system that can obtain huge energy saving by turning off the readout circuits when none of the sensors are activated. To this end, a novel ultra-low-power always-on event and region of interest detection based on lightweight compressed sensing is proposed. Exploiting the proposed event detector, the context-aware TSP readout system, which can improve the energy efficiency by up to $42\times $ , is presented.


Among the 48 hybrids produced by (4) x tester (12) crossing programme, maximum positive standard heterosis for grain yield per plant over hybrid check, Aadishakti was observed in DHLB-16A x S-16/08 (36.88%) followed by DHLB-14A x S-16/06 (34.74%) and DHLB-16A x S-16/07 (26.29%). The range of standard heterosis over check Aadishakti was-49.28 per cent (DHLB-14A x S-16/10) to 36.88 per cent (DHLB-16A x S-16/08). Among the hybrids with positive significant SCA effects for grain yield, the frequency of good x average combiner was more. Among the top ten hybrids one parent of five hybrids viz., DHLB-16A x S-16/08, DHLB-16A x S-16/07, DHLB-8A x S-16/01, DHLB-8A x S-16/05 and DHLB-16A x S-16/12 found to be good general combiners. Among four females three lines DHLB-16A, DHLB-8A and DHLB-14A and among males S-16/07, S-16/08 and S-16/05 gave top yielding hybrid combinations. Among ten top performing hybrids, three hybrids viz., DHLB-16A x S-16/08, DHLB-14A x S-16/06 and DHLB-16A x S-16/07 exhibited significant favorable heterobeltiosis, standard heterosis, GCA and SCA effects for yield and most of the related traits could be utilized for commercial cultivation after extensive testing in state and national trails.


This paper addresses the problem of motion artifact cancellation in the standard 2D-FFT MRI. Although motion is possible in any direction, in clinical MRI diagnosis, respiration is considered to be the main cause of motion. As a first order of approximation, motion due to respiration is assumed to be only in the phase-encoding direction (Y-axis) in this paper. In the previous approach, the region of a target object is assumed to be known and an iterative procedure is required. The problem of the algorithm is the convergence of the iterative (which may take a lot of time) and still has no guarantee of convergence. To avoid an iterative procedure, a new constraint is proposed here, with which the motion component and the true image component can be separated by a simple algebraic operation. After the Fourier transform of MRI signal along the read-out direction (X-direction), the phase of the spectrum along Y-axis is expressed as an algebraic sum of the motion component and the true image component. On the other hand, when density distribution is symmetric along a Y-direction line, such as a slice line on subcutaneous fat, the phase of the Fourier spectrum along the line is a linear function of Y-position. Therefore, if the density is symmetric, the departure from the linear function of the phase is just the motion component. With this constraint the motion component can be estimated and the motion artifact in MRI can be canceled. The algorithm is shown to be effective using a phantom with simulated motions in various cases. When the density distribution along the Y-directional line on subcutaneous fat is not perfectly symmetric, the accuracy of estimated motion will be affected to some extent. However, this method is shown to be still effective in such general case by simulations.


The hydro chemical study reveals the quality of water and its suitability for drinking, agriculture and industrial purposes. Presence of excessive quantities of salts in groundwater is one of the major constrains in agro-well farming in Jaffna Peninsula. Irrigation with poor quality waters may bring undesirable elements to the soil in excessive quantities affecting its fertility. Electrical conductivity (EC), Sodium percentage (Na %), Sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), Residual sodium carbonate (RSC) can be used as a criterion for finding the suitability of irrigation waters. The objective of this study is to evaluate the suitability of the irrigation water quality of the Jaffna Peninsula. Major cations; Na , Ca , Mg , K and major anions; Cl , SO , HCO , CO , + 2+ 2+ + - 2- - 2- 4 3 3 were determined from 34 wells, randomly located in Peninsula from October 2008 to April 2009 to assess the hazards of salinity, sodium and bicarbonate. Out of selected wells, based on EC, 44% of the wells have medium salinity water, 47 % of the wells have high salinity water and 9 % of the wells have very high salinity water. Based on percent of sodium, 3% of the wells have excellent irrigation water quality, 18 % of the wells have good irrigation water quality, 44% of the wells have permissible irrigation water quality, 32% of the wells have doubtful irrigation water quality and 3% of the wells have unsuitable irrigation water quality. Based on SAR, almost all the wells have the good quality irrigation water. Based on RSC, 61% of the wells have good irrigation water quality, 15% of the wells have doubtful irrigation water quality and 24% of the wells have unsuitable irrigation water quality. In overall assessment of tested wells, 20.6% of the wells have good quality water for irrigation, 44.1% of the wells have permissible to doubtful irrigation water quality, 35.3% of the wells have unsuitable irrigation water quality, in which bicarbonate hazard was identified as major hazard which is due to the influence of carbonate rock dissolution.


Turbulence in magnetized plasma, with particle gyroradii that are small compared to the device size, consists of 2-D dynamically incompressible fluidlike turbulence in planes perpendicular to the magnetic field and of compressible wavelike dynamics parallel to it. A strong anisotropy between the perpendicular and parallel scales of motion results. The natural coordinates are, therefore, those which follow the field lines. The deformational issues which result from the magnetic shear and variation of the distance between the magnetic flux surfaces with a position are treated by judicious choices of the coordinate representation. We elucidate the methods by which, in turn, the deformation induced by the shear and, then, by the shaping is remedied. Both the physical and computational considerations are treated since the grid isotropicity best represents the small-scale turbulence and, at the same time, facilitates the multigrid solution of the elliptic equations which are part of the overall system. We present the details of the conformal coordinate system and its implementation, together with an example of its calculation for a realistic tokamak equilibrium case.


The companies that make stoma bags and accessories also sponsor stoma nurses and own the companies that deliver the prescriptions. NHS hospitals profit from the relationship. Neil Basil is worried that these incentives may mean that patients don't get all the information and choices they should


The article analyzes the view of a number of Russian scientists (V. A. Slastenin, A. Ya. Savelyev, A. A. Verbitsky etc.) on the problem of pedagogical professionalism as a system of stable personal traits, ensuring high productivity and effciency of work aimed to form individual students competencies. The external and internal factors for the formation of a modern professional teacher are also determined: state and social orders for a competent teacher, an educator, a teacher of a higher institution, their personal characteristics and desire to develop. It is noted that as a result of self-development, teachers realize the needs for the development of such personal qualities and competencies, which guarantee them high results in their professional activities and success in life.


This paper is devoted to the analysis of the angular resolution limit (ARL), an important performance measure in the directions-of-arrival estimation theory. The main fruit of our endeavor takes the form of an explicit, analytical expression of this resolution limit, w.r.t. the angular parameters of interest between two closely spaced point sources in the far-field region. As by-products, closed-form expressions of the Cramér-Rao bound have been derived. Finally, with the aid of numerical tools, we confirm the validity of our derivation and provide a detailed discussion on several enlightening properties of the ARL revealed by our expression, with an emphasis on the impact of the signal correlation.


Abstract : This is a final study of a radiational model for use in the FNWC prediction system. This model utilizes original FNWC data over oceanic gridpoints which were adapted to the FNWC five-layer initial data analysis in four mid-seasonal studies for the data year 16 January 1974, 16 April 1974, 16 July 1974 and 16 October 1973. The radiational model parameterizes the large- scale cloud amounts in two layers. The primary objective was to tune model albedo values to those taken from satellite climatology by changing the cloud- reflectance coefficients used in previous studies. The albedo values were tuned for least squares deviation relative to satellite climatology albedos. The present model using tuned albedos better verified the radiational balance at the top of the atmosphere against satellite climatology than did pre-existing untuned models, both on a seasonal and annual basis.


Due to global economy in the present scenario, the business organizations are quality focused instead of profits. The present trend is to manufacture the product and cater the needs of customer that means the product is customer oriented. The survival and success of any manufacturing industry I based on quality perfection. These are building blocks for excellence in goods, services, and infrastructure of an organization. Therefore, the continuous quality improvement becomes compulsive in all aspects.