In China, the use of certain standards to evaluate surface water quality in areas with high background values due to natural factors rather than to human activities results in water quality underestimation and thus affects regional water quality management and decision-making. Herein, we examined river source water function zones of the Heilongjang province characterised by high background values and analysed the corresponding water quality data acquired in 2011–2016. The examined samples featured elevated chemical oxygen demand (COD), permanganate index (CODMn), and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) levels, which indicated that water quality was affected by the natural environment. The concentrations of background pollutants almost exceeded the limits stipulated by regional surface water quality standards and exhibited strong spatiotemporal variability. A three-step discrimination method including single index recognition, limiting factors, and a synthetic index was proposed to distinguish the background area among these zones for determining background values, and 10 complete background areas were identified. The background values of COD, CODMn, and NH3-N for the entire area were determined based on the data acquired during background area monitoring. Finally, considering the present procedure of water quality evaluation in China (single factor exponential method), a revised method based on background values was suggested. Thus, the evaluation results objectively and accurately reflect the regional water quality situation and therefore provide a scientific basis for the development of a better water quality assessment and management system in China.


The importance of infrastructure for sustained economic development is well recognized. High transaction costs arising from inadequate and inefficient infrastructure can prevent the economy from realising its full growth potential regardless of the progress on other fronts. Physical infrastructure covering transportation, power and communication through its backward and forward linkages facilitates growth, social infrastructure including water supply, sanitation, sewage disposal, education and health, which are in the nature of primary services and has a direct impact on the quality of life. The performance of infrastructure is largely a reflection of the performance of the economy. Infrastructure industries are measured by six key infrastructure and core industries (i.e., electricity, crude oil, petroleum refinery products, coal, steel and cement). In this paper, the overall growth and performance of infrastructure services has been examined in depth on the basis of the different parameters such as trends in growth of physical output in infrastructure sectors, telecommunications, power, ports, railways, civil aviation, and post so as to examine whether there is a negative or positive association between infrastructure development and India's economic growth.


To characterize weight‐loss claims and disclaimers present on websites for commercial weight‐loss programs and compare them with results from published randomized controlled trials (RCTs).


Subsidence induced by mining steeply inclined coal-seam has influenced safety of shallow buried oil windpipe Taking the mining steeply inclined coal-seam in Northwest China as example,this paper applied FLAC3D to simulating mining process and obtained deformation characteristic of surface and shallow-buried pipe under different mining levels The result was important for shallow-buried pipe construction and its running safety evaluation.


The very fundamental mission of hospital management is to deliver quality healthcare services by utilizing highly specialized medical knowledge and solve other healthcare problems within various resource constraints. Similar to other knowledge-intensive industries which operate in highly challenging business environments, hospitals of all sizes must view the creation, organization, distribution, and application of knowledge as a critical aspect of their management activities. Knowledge management, therefore, represents a viable strategy as hospitals strive to simultaneously provide quality medical services, improve operational efficiency, and comply with governmental documentation and reporting regulations. This study examines the correlation as well as causal relationships between knowledge characteristics, knowledge acquisition strategy, implementation measures, and performance of knowledge management implementations in the context of hospital management. Using primary data collected in Taiwanese hospitals, our analyses showed that the characteristics of knowledge affect the ways in which knowledge management is implemented, and the implementation measure, in turn, has a significant impact on the results of knowledge management implementation.


Objective To identify the efficacy of the motion-mode transcranial Doppler(M-mode TCD) in the evaluation of hemodynamics of deep cerebral vein in patients with cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT). Methods M-mode TCD was performed with a range-gated 2-MHz transducer in 4 normal control subjects and in 4 patients with CVT. Sex and age were matched between two groups. Deep middle cerebral veins(dMCV) were monitored and peak blood flow velocity and pulsating index were recorded. Results In normal control group, the identification rate of dMCV was 75% and mean peak blood flow velocities of bilateral dMCV was 14±2 cm/s; In four patients with CVT, the identification rate dMCV was 87.5%. Elevated mean blood flow velocities (single or bilateral) in all patients were detected on M-mode TCD and mean peak blood flow velocities of bilateral dMCV was 55±25 cm/s. There was statistically significance in mean peak blood flow velocity between two groups(P0.01). Conclusion M-mode TCD provides a reliable, noninvasive, and rapid technique for intracranial deep vein examination. Increased venous blood flow velocity can be used as an indirect index for CVT diagnosis.


Creative thinking skills are the skills needed in the present era, particularly in the industrial age 4.0 as it is today, with the powers of creative thinking will facilitate students in solving problems in life. The purpose of this study was to design a probability material for PBL based teaching materials to enhance students' creative thinking skills. The purpose of this study was to develop the draft teaching materials for learners based on Problem Based Learning to improve the ability to think creatively to improve the skills of eighth-graders. This study using ADDIE development model which includes five phases: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. This study only reached the stage of design. The subjects were eighth-graders SMP Muhammadiyah Banguntapan. The object of this research is the students' characteristics, evaluation of instructional materials and curriculum. This research resulted in design analysis Worksheet learners consisting of the first part (cover, preface, table of contents, the instruction on the materials Worksheet learners, directions for use Worksheet learners, concept maps, core competence and basic competences), part content (learning activities using the steps in problem-Based learning, summary and evaluation) and final chapter (glossary and bibliography).


Many techniques have been proposed for the clustering and selection of clusterheads in mobile ad hoc networks. However, most existing techniques use only a single quality measure to distinguish between the capabilities of the nodes in the selection of clusterheads. This bounds the efficiency of the selection process and degrades network performance. In this paper, we present a scalable clustering framework that can generate flexible clustering techniques that use as many quality measures as desired. The proposed framework allows customization of the clustering techniques in order to seek specific network merits such as stability and fairness. Simulation results show significant improvements on overall network performance when using a clustering technique, developed using proposed framework, over existing lowest ID technique.


A double distribution lattice Boltzmann model is developed and analysed to study the melting problem with the natural convection.An iterative enthalpy-based method is utilized to solve the nonlinear source term.The solid-liquid conjugate heat transfer is simulated based on an adjustable relaxation time.For conduction-dominated melting,the results of lattice Boltzmann simulation is consistent with the analytical solution.Due to the distinction between the convection-dominated melting and conduction-dominated melting,the natural convection has a profound influence on the heat transfer and melting velocity.


The evolutionary complexity of modern media systems represents an area of research that would benefit from further description and debate. In order to better understand the challenges and considerations associated with the new, constantly changing media ecology, a more holistic worldview must be catapulted to the forefront of the collective discussion. To that effect, the following essay examines the open source software movement from the philosophical perspective of Tibetan Buddhism. Using the principles of interconnectedness, impermanence, and the illusory nature of self and reality, all fundamental elements of Buddhist philosophy, this discussion provides a renewed framework for exploring the ethical implications of open sourcing. A review of Buddhist teachings, coupled with literature from foundational media theorists such as Neil Postman and Marshall and Eric McLuhan, will set the stage for contemplating the ethics of the modern information ecology, epitomized by the collaborative spirit and community connections of open source software.


If the teacher has been able to master the material to be taught, the teacher must be able to actualize themselves. Continuous training is the answer. Both the methodology of teaching and understanding the philosophy and the accompanying paradigm. This training should be coupled with endeavors to develop the sensitivity and creativity of each teacher, to develop their own methodologies appropriate for each student. Therefore, the Ministry of Religious Affairs (Kemenag) and the Ministry of Education (Kemendiknas) which is responsible for developing the professionalism and quality of teachers in Indonesia.


The natural way of obtaining different perspectives on any given topic is by conducting a debate, where participants argue for and against the topic. Here, we propose a novel de- bate framework for understanding the classifier's reasoning for making a particular prediction by modelling it as a mul- tiplayer sequential zero-sum game. The players aim to maximise their utilities by adjusting their arguments with respect to other players' counterarguments. The contrastive nature of our framework encourages players to put forward diverse arguments, picking up the reasoning trails missed by their opponents. Thus our framework answers the question: why did the classifier make a certain prediction? , by allowing players to argue for and against the classifier's decision. In the proposed setup, given the question and the classifier's latent knowledge, both agents take turns in proposing arguments to support or contradict the classifier's decision; arguments here correspond to the selection of specific features from the discretised latent space of the continuous classifier. By the end of the debate, we collect sets of supportive and manip- ulative features, serving as an explanation depicting the internal reasoning of the classifier. We demonstrate our Visual Debates on the geometric SHAPE and MNIST datasets for subjective validation, followed by the high-resolution AFHQ dataset. For further investigation, our framework is available at https://github.com/koriavinash1/VisualDebates.


In this paper, the anti-synchronization problems of a new hyperchaotic system are investigated. Two anti-synchronization schemes for this system are proposed. The active control and adaptive control methods are applied, respectively, to realize anti-synchronization when systems are known or unknown. Based on the Lyapunov stability theory, corresponding controllers are obtained. Finally, numerical examples are presented to illustrate the theoretical analysis.


Several Canadian provinces have franchise legislation in place. This report examines whether there is a need for franchise legislation in British Columbia. Part One describes the nature of a franchise and the dynamics of the franchisor-franchisee relationship, analyzes and compares the franchise legislation in force in five Canadian provinces, and evaluates the Uniform Law Conference of Canada's Uniform Franchise Act as a potential model for British Columbia to follow. Several foreign models for the regulation of franchising are also briefly reviewed. The report recommends that British Columbia enact a slightly modified version of the Uniform Franchise Act that would harmonize with the franchise statutes in effect in the other Canadian provinces, contributing to the emergence of a consistent national standard. Part Two contains a draft statute and regulation based on the report's recommendations.


Abstract The University of Rhode Island Cyber-Seniors' in-person intergenerational programming was quickly shut down during the Spring 2020 semester due to the pandemic. Since then, we have worked diligently and collaboratively with partners to offer creative intergenerational options for university students and older adults living in the community. We partnered with Age-Friendly RI and the Census Outreach to provide phone-based wellness checks to 11,500 older adults, and this evolved into a statewide weekly call with partners (n=34 calls) focused on reducing social isolation for older adults. Our students moved to offering phone or Zoom-based appointments with 21 community organizations across Rhode Island and became mentors for the new Cyber-Seniors ® organization digital offerings (n=90 students). In this presentation, we will share our experiences with the pivot from in-person to mostly technology-based interactions. We will discuss challenges and lessons learned, some of which will be retained regardless of the pandemic situation.


This is an expository paper on sample size in experimenta- tion with particular reference to animal experiments. Rando.miza- tion in animal experiments was discussed first in connection with a consideration of a disturbance of the randomization procedure caused by making the means of all samples equal before starting an experiment. A general discussion of number of animals per cage or pen was then presented. This was followed by a discussion 6f number of samples allocated to the control relative to other tr~atments for one statistical criterion. Sample size computations were given for interval estimation using a camparisonwise and an experimentwise error rate base. The required sample size for a two-stage procedure resulting in a confidence interval of a specified length was also pre- sented. The last section dealt with experiments for which nhe sample size is fixed. A number of situations were presented 1-1ith a somewhat detailed discussion of one of them.


Introduction and program.—Somewhat overnight, and to most scientists unexpectedly, a number of devices which were used recently for warfare have become available for fundamental research. Among these devices rockets of all sorts are destined to play a significant role. Presumably, even the best informed can visualize only very dimly how revolutionary this role will be. Some general features of rocket research, however, already begin to delineate themselves. These we shall attempt to describe briefly. As new experiments are planned and their results materialize, further reports will be submitted. At present, four basic functions of rockets for scientific research suggest themselves. 1. Rockets may be used as test vehicles to roam the earth's atmosphère in its whole extent. The atmosphere thus assumes the character of a vast laboratory within which a multitude of novel experiments may be conducted. 2. Rockets may reach points outside the atmosphere. At these points the radiations, corpuscular and electromagnetic, which come from outer space, will be observable without absorption, scattering, and other secondary disturbances due to the atmosphere. Direct information will thus be gained not only about the true character of these radiations but, by inference, also about the celestial objects from which they emanate. The results to be expected may well be such that present and past astronomy and astrophysics may be considered, figuratively speaking, as having been accomplished by almost totally blind men. Just what will be recorded, for instance, when the stars, nebulae, and other aggregations of matter are observed in radiations now blocked out by the atmosphere, staggers the imagination. Consider, for instance, what will happen when the total radiation of stars becomes observable. For stars with absolute surface temperatures of 100,000°, 500,000°, and 1,000,000°K the differ-


Drones are increasingly popular tools for wildlife research, but it is important that the use of these tools does not overshadow reporting of methodological details required for evaluation of study...


Simultaneous oxidation/co-precipitation of an equimolar mixture of La(III) and Co(II) nitrates and La(III) nitrate and Mn(II) chloride afforded a hydroxide gel, which was converted to LaCoO3 and LaMnO3 on calcination at 600 °C. After calcination, the obtained perovskites have been characterised by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X- ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (DTA - TGA) and BET specific surface determination. Specific surface areas of perovskites were 12 - 60 m2/g. XRD analysis showed that LaCoO3 and LaMnO3 are simple phase perovskite - type oxides. Traces of LaOCl, in addition to the perovskite were detected in the LaMnO3. The catalytic behavior was examined in the propane and CO oxidation. The LaCoO3 catalyst was more active to CO2 than the LaMnO3 catalyst.


The aim of this study was to determine the effect of higher temperatures on the weight, feed consumption, capacity of benefiting from feed, some carcass features and the survival rates of the Japanese quails placed in different ambiences. Two groups were arranged in this research according to temperature as the control (18-24 C) and trial (35 C) groups, and the quails were placed close together in 120, 90 and o o 72 cm cages for each temperature group. It was observed that the values of the live weight, feed 2 consumption, capacity of benefiting from the feed, and carcass features decreased due to the increase in placement temperature under higher temperatures. In order to minimize the stress that might occur related to the quails under higher temperatures and to ensure the growth performance not to be reduced, it should considered not to place more than 3 quails in an area of 120 cm . 2


This thesis explore the wide and complex definition of the space named as house in an indigenous community, the Nahuas, located in the Zongolica Mountain Range, Mexico. It will draw on ethnographic research to show how Nahuas relate to the corporeal world (objects and environment) and, through processes of struggle and negotiation, use them to produce this physical space, called house. In doing so, it will uncover a different historical narrative. By examining the "house", and the materials used to produce it, as a space that is lived and built (the house) but also perceived, dreamt and remembered (a home), this thesis highlights interconnections between the study of the physical world (materiality) and the study of social processes (social structure and social relations). For, it is through the rhythms of the Nahua's everyday life including material acts of remembrance and spatial practices of memory, that these physical spaces (their houses) can be better understood. Throughout this thesis I will argue that Nahua delimitation and definition of their houses is continuously changing. This because Nahuas modify their space though their traditions (even those spaces that haven't been explored such as caves and other ones, are modified through their tales and beliefs). These living traditions transfer meaning and orientate both the objects and the environment. Therefore, their objects and the environment (Materiality) is built upon cultural patterns and values that are constantly being modified. Regardless of any processes of subordination, dominance or interrelationship between other groups, Nahuas materiality do not disappear, because it is fluid and dynamic, these becomes modified or reinterpreted. Nahuas Materiality permeates through memory, imagination, traditions, as I will explore through this thesis. Therefore, rather than beginning with a define idea of what a house is –size, architecture, social structure-, this thesis addresses them as complex physical spaces that encapsulates history, religion folklore and knowledge, both materially, spatially and through the oral traditions and storytelling of the communities that produce them, and in turn produced through them. This continuous movement that builds these space-places allow us to uncover the fluid rhythms that built these places. Therefore, this thesis will present the houses as complex spaces that are fluid, rather than walls and intimate spaces, houses are presented as built spaces in constant change with a never clear present; rather, there is an experience based on the past and the projection to the future. By presenting the materiality of the houses that connects people with their environment (to which Nahuas had to adapt) an agentic and meaningful space was built, one that includes the memory of adaptation that construct their Nahua-ness when producing their home Tocha (as they name it), and the projection of this Nahua-ness into the future. Houses then remain in the memory of the Elders and become agents in the construction and consolidation of subjectivities through the knowledge and the rhythms of repetition that constitue their everyday life.


The study was conducted to evaluate the physico-chemical, microbial and organoleptic qualities of cooked rohu fillets treated with, 1%, 1.5% and 2% levels of aqueous solution of crude extract of drumstick (Moringa oleifera) leaves. The fillets were treated with 1.5% crude extract of drumstick leaves significantly (P<0.05) improved meat pH and water holding capacity (WHC) and lowered cooking loss and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value as compared to control and other treated samples. Microbial load in terms of Total Plate Count (TPC) was found to be decreased significantly (P<0.05) in treated samples. No significant (P>0.05) difference was observed in juiciness, tenderness and overall acceptability scores between the treated fillets samples.


BACKGROUND: Saccharomyces cerevisiae is one of the main microorganisms that can produce S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) from L-methionine and ATP with high productivity. To satisfy the ATP requirement for SAM synthesis, sufficient oxygen should be supplied to the medium to improve aerobic metabolism in S. cerevisiae. In this study, n-hexadecane used as oxygen vector for enhancement of SAM production by this yeast was investigated.

RESULTS: N-hexadecane was most favorable for cell growth and SAM synthesis in S. cerevisiae when added at the time of inoculation. It could increase glucose consumption, reduce ethanol accumulation, and ultimately improve biomass and SAM productivity in a fermentation process. In a bioreactor, the highest yield of SAM (2.27 g L−1) was achieved in the presence of 4% (v/v) n-hexadecane after 24 h of inoculation, which was 23.37% higher than the control (1.84 g L−1).

CONCLUSION: The addition of n-hexadecane to cultures of S. cerevisiae significantly enhanced SAM production without increasing energy consumption, and has the potential for use in large-scale fermentation processes to increase oxygen supply. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry


In planar location problems with barriers one considers regions which are forbidden for the siting of new facilities as well as for trespassing. These problems are important since they model various actual applications. The resulting mathematical models have a nonconvex objective function and are therefore difficult to tackle using standard methods of location theory even in the case of simple barrier shapes and distance functions. For the case of center objectives with barrier distances obtained from the rectilinear or Manhattan metric, it is shown that the problem can be solved in polynomial time by identifying a dominating set. The resulting genuinely polynomial algorithm can be combined with bound computations which are derived from solving closely connected restricted location and network location problems. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 49: 647–665, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/nav.10038


Nesting behavior of the golden mouse, Ochrotomys nuttalli , was examined in experimental enclosures. Observed grouping patterns for both kin and random groups differed significantly from expected with nesting groups consisting of three or more individuals causing this difference. No significant differences were found between kin- and random-group frequencies, or between kin and random females, in groups of three or larger. Kin males, however, nested in groups of three or larger significantly more than random males. Females appeared to prefer a large social group, whereas males (especially nonrelated males) exhibited a more solitary behavior.


Introduction: Solitary Fibrous Tumor (SFT) is a rare tumor that initially was thought to arise from visceral tissue. Later reports documented its occurrence in central nervous system tissue, with most located intracranially. Few reports have mentioned intraspinal SFTs, with the majority being extra-medullary. In this report, we describe a rare presentation of intramedullary SFT. Case description: A 52-year-old female was referred for neurosurgical treatment after a medical workup of low back and left leg pain revealed an intramedullary, enhancing mass at T11 with associated syrinx formation. The patient was taken to the operating room, and a multi-level thoracic laminectomy and durotomy was performed to expose the mass. A meticulous resection was initiated but only partially completed because of dense adherence to the spinal cord and nerve roots, with some nervous tissue contained inside the tumor. The patient's symptoms improved postoperatively. Histopathology documented the presence of a solitary fibrous tumor. Discussion: Only 14 previous cases of intramedullary SFT have been reported. Differentiating SFT from other pathologies is important for correct intraoperative and post-operative management and follow-up. Although most cases of SFT are benign, certain histological characteristics denote the tendency for aggressive conversion, such as increased mitotic figures, nuclear atypia, and an increased proliferation index. In this study, we propose an approach to post-operative follow-up of a patient presenting with intramedullary SFT with benign histological characteristics.


An efficient method for the computation of performance contours is presented. It is based on the simulation of large changes in the element values of a linear nonreciprocal circuit. One inversion per frequency of the nodal admittance matrix represents the major computational effort involved.


Optical waveguides used as a local light source along a fluidic channel have proven to be an effective approach to detecting cells in the field of flow-cytometry. One challenge, however, has been a simple integration of optical waveguides with the fluidic channel. We employ the use of femtosecond laser-writing process to pattern a waveguide in the bulk of a fused-silica glass substrate housing a fluidic channel. We demonstrate an in-situ scheme for detecting sub-millimeter components based on such a monolithically fabricated device. By illuminating the waveguide and collecting the light signal past the channel, we detect opaque and transparent components between 300 - 500 μm in size, as each moves along the channel. Both an opaque square chip and a transparent bead attentuate the signal by more than 95% primarily due to reflection and refraction respectively. The signature of a transparent bead additionally shows attenuated peaks which we attribute to normal incidence of light from the waveguide. The projected sizes of the parts are determined with less than 1% uncertainty. We conclude that the femtosecond laser produced waveguides in fused-silica glass are a viable option for the detection of certain kinds of sub-millimeter components. This approach holds the prospects of fabricating complex three-dimensional networks of waveguides monolithically.


An ophthalmic composition for use in a method for treating an ocular condition comprising a physiologically effective amount of an androgen is testosterone and castor oil.


TODAY i WANT TO TOUCH UPON the potential role of the clinical pharmacist on the health-care team and to emphasize particularly the rich harvest to be reaped if cooperative efforts were undertaken between clinical pharmacologists and clinical pharmacists. I also want to say that if cooperation does not take place neither group will be able to accomplish its goals in education and patient service, leaving aside for the moment the question of research.


Understanding the benefits of deep convolutional neural networks (DCNN) may facilitate the development of robust computer-assisted image analysis methods. In this work we present features extracted from several DCNN structures with varying levels of depth for the classification of true and false lung nodules marked by a computer-aided detection system for thoracic computer tomography (CT) at a prescreening stage. 1048 true positive (TP) regions-of-interest (ROI) and 69,264 false positive (FP) ROIs from 350 patient cases were used for training VGG16, GoogLeNet, InceptionV4 and Inception-ResNet DCNN structures. For independent testing, 1022 TPs and 61,379 FPs from 310 cases were used. All nodule candidates were detected by applying multiscale Hessian enhancement filters and morphological operations to the segmented lungs. The top 200 ranked nodule candidates from each case were used for training and testing of the DCNN and for feature extraction. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for the four DCNNs on the independent test set was 0.90, 0.89, 0.91, and 0.90. To analyze the characteristics of the deep features, we extracted features from the last fully connected layer by deploying the trained DCNNs to the independent test set. A total of 4096, 1024, 1536 and 1536 DCNN features from the four DCNNs were extracted and analyzed using uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP). The UMAP captured topological representation of features by clustering candidates in different anatomical regions such as lobular, terminal and respiratory bronchioles separately. FPs originated from similar global structures clustered in the UMAP space. The results indicate feature extracted from DCNNs have complementary characteristics that may be exploited to improve the accuracy of the classification tasks.


There are several clinical scenarios to consider cementing an acetabular liner into a secure cementless shell including cases of: 1) inadequate capturing mechanism, 2) damaged locking mechanisms, 3) unavailability of the mating polyethylene liner, 4) instability following debridement for wear, 5) instability at the time of femoral side revision, and 6) recurrent dislocation. The last two situations are common scenarios for cementing a constrained liner into a secure shell. Technique includes: 1) scoring the shell in cases with no screw holes or polished inner shells, 2) scoring the acetabular liner in a "spider web" pattern, 3) pressurising cement into the shell, and 4) inserting a liner that allows 2 millimeters of cement mantle. Results of Cementing Constrained Liner Into Secure Cementless Shell
 A.Callaghan et al. JBJS 2004 i.31 hips ii.2-10 year follow-up iii.2 of 31 failed iv.Technical considerations 1.Do not cement proud 2.Do not cement into a malpositioned shell B.Haft et al. J Arthroplasty 2002 i.17 hips ii.Minimum 1 year follow-up iii.1 of 17 failed iv.Technical considerations 1.Do not cement proud Results of Cementing Non-Constrained Liners Into Secure Cementless Shell
 A.Beaule et al. JBJS 2004 i.32 hips ii.mean 5.1 year avg f/u iii.4 components revised for loosening B.Callaghan et al. CORR 2012, in press. i.31 hips ii.mean 5.3 year f/u iii.no revisions


This study aims to test the effect of accounting information in the investment decision if information is framed in debit or credit. Also, this study attempts to develop or formulate the framing instruments that essenced in accounting debit credit concept. The quasi experiment is applied for undergraduate accounting students. Wilcoxon ranks test is applied to test the data. The results show that there are framing effects which asset information is more favorable than liabilities, revenue information is more favorable than asset, and equity information is more favorable than asset. There is a tendency that revenue information is more favorable than expenses. This research means that there is framing effect in the accounting information when information is given separately only debit or credit, it should be reduced by giving complete information of debit credit transactions.


Unlike mammals, two type II interferons, IFNγ and fish intrinsic IFNγ‐related (IFNγrel), have been isolated in several fish species so far. Both IFNγ and IFNγrel are structurally similar to human and mouse IFNγ. Here we report the identification and characterization of two IFNγrel genes, IFNγrel 1 and IFNγrel 2 with distinct IFNγ motif from the ginbuna crucian carp, Carassius auratus langsdorfii, focusing on their antiviral activities, the gene expression and its receptor. Recombinant IFNγrel 1 and IFNγrel 2 proteins produced in animal cells showed the high antiviral activities of the two IFNγrel proteins against highly‐virulent crucian carp hematopoietic necrosis virus. Furthermore, we found the translocation of IFNγrel 1 from cytosol into nucleus, while IFNγrel 1 did not interact with previously reported IFNγ receptors such as IFNγ receptor alpha chain (IFNGR1) isoforms, IFNGR1‐1 and IFNGR1‐2. Chemical cross‐linking study implied the existence of other receptor. These results suggest that both IFNγrel 1 and IFNγrel 2 are functional, but bind to other specific receptor than previously reported receptors. Identification and characterization of the receptor with its signal transduction pathway is in progress.


This paper presents a fully differential two-step column-parallel successive approximation register/single-slope analog-to-digital converter (SAR/SS ADC) for CMOS image sensor (CIS). The ADC consists of a high 6-bit SAR ADC and a low 6-bit SS ADC. The differential sampling circuit eliminates the fixed offset of the sampling switch, reduces nonlinear errors, and improves the signal to noise ratio. This ADC is designed in UMC 0.11 $\mu$m CMOS process. The ADC has the differential nonlinearity of -0.25/+0.25 LSB and the integral nonlinearity of -0.38/+0.56 LSB. The signal-to-noise and distortion ratio of the ADC is 73.0 dB and the spurious free dynamic range is 90.0 dB at the sampling rate of 227 kS/s when the input frequency is 11.0 kHz.


This article discusses major granulation finds in the ancient world from ca. 2500 to 1400 B. C. E., and explores this technique for its usefulness as an index of culture and date. Sophisticated use of glass at the end of this time period (ca. 1600-1400 B. C. E.) is also reviewed as it occurs with granulation and is part of the emerging glassmaking industry. The chronological evidence for all finds is discussed; the most complicated finds are from Assur, Tod, Dashur, Byblos, Trialeti, Ebla, Ajjûl, and Nuzi. Although the technique of granulation and possibly the technology of glassmaking arose outside Egypt, examples from Egypt are significant because of Egypt's cultural stability and preservation of data.


Angiomyofibroblastoma (AMFB) is a rare benign tumor of the female lower genital tract. It is a mesenchymal tumor which characterized by Spindle Cells. We report two cases of vaginal and vulvar angiomyofibroblastoma. The positive diagnosis was made on the basis of morphology and immunohistochemistry. Tumors were treated surgically. It is important to differentiate AMFB from aggressive Angiomyxoma because they have different treatment.


Lowland river basins are characterised by complex hydrologic and hydraulic interactions between the different subsystems (aerated zone, groundwater, surface water), which may require physically-based dynamically-coupled surface water and groundwater hydrological models to reliably describe these processes. Exemplarily, for a typical north-eastern Germany lowland catchment (Tollense river with about 400 km²), an integrated hydrological model, MIKE SHE, coupled with a hydrodynamic model, MIKE 11, was developed and assessed. Hydrological and hydraulic processes were simulated from 2010 to 2018, covering strongly varying meteorological conditions. To achieve a highly reliable model, the calibration was performed in parallel for groundwater levels and river flows at the available monitoring sites in the defined catchment. Based on sensitivity analysis, saturated hydraulic conductivity, leakage coefficients, Manning's roughness, and boundary conditions (BCs) were used as main calibration parameters. Despite the extreme soil heterogeneity of the glacial terrain, the model performance was quite reasonable in the different sub-catchments with an error of less than 2% for water balance estimation. The resulted water balance showed a strong dependency on land use intensity and meteorological conditions. During relatively dry hydrological years, actual evapotranspiration (ETa) becomes the main water loss component, with an average of 60%–65% of total precipitation and decreases to 55%–60% during comparatively wet hydrological years during the simulation period. Base flow via subsurface and drainage flow accounts for an approximate average of 30%–35% during wet years and rises up to 35%–45% of the total water budget during the dry hydrological years. This means, groundwater is in lowland river systems the decisive compensator of varying meteorological conditions. The coupled hydrologic and hydraulic model is valuable for detailed water balance estimation and seasonal dynamics of groundwater levels and surface water discharges, and, due to its physical foundation, can be extrapolated to analyse meteorological and land use scenarios. Future work will focus on coupling with nutrient transport and river water quality models.


A report on UK supermarkets published by the Competition Commission in October 2000 concluded that there was evidence that multiple food retailers were abusing their position of power and engaging in practices that adversely affected the competitiveness of suppliers. To address these adverse effects it was recommended that a code of practice be introduced to govern retailer‐supplier relationships. The International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED) is co‐ordinating a project that is designed to monitor the extent to which multiple retailers are complying with the principles set out in the code of practice. This paper presents the findings of exploratory research, conducted as part of this project, to investigate suppliers' current perceptions of the fairness of their trading relationships with the multiple retailers.


BACKGROUND/AIMS
To evaluate the effectiveness of improved sengstaken-blackmore tube combined with intensive endoscopic detachable mini-loop ligation for the treatment of massive esophageal variceal bleeding (EVB).

METHODOLOGY
Eighty-three patients diagnosed with massive EVB and admitted from January 2005 to July 2011 were retrospectively evaluated. Upon admission, all patients received 12 h balloon tamponade with sengstaken-blackmore tube in addition to conventional therapy (blood volume resuscitation, prophylactic antibiotics and somatostatin). Within 24 h after admission, all patients further received endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) with intensive endoscopic detachable nylon ring (mini-loop).

RESULTS
No severe complications were observed after the patients received the 12 h consistent compression with sengstaken-blackmore tube. Eighty-two patients (98.8%) showed effective hemostasis, among which seventy-eight showed complete hemostasis. After receiving the subsequent EVL therapy with intensive endoscopic detachable mini-loop in 24 h after admission, patients did not show active bleeding in 24 h after EVL. Rehaemorrhagia appeared only in one patient within the 7 days of observation period, which was controlled by a second EVL. Each patient was ligated with 10 to 15 loops.

CONCLUSIONS
EVB can be effectively treated with improved sengstaken-blackmore tube followed by EVL therapy with intensive endoscopic detachable mini-loop.


Question: We want to estimate the proportion p of Democrats in the US population, by taking a small random sample. How large does our sample have to be to guarantee that our es imate will be within (say) ±1 percentage points (in absolute terms) of the true value with probability at leas t 0.95? This is perhaps the most basic statistical estimation problem, and it shows up eve rywhere. We will develop a simple solution that uses only Chebyshev's inequality. More refined method s can be used to get sharper results. Let's denote the size of our sample by n (to be determined), and the number of Democrats in it by the random variableSn. (The subscript n just reminds us that the r.v. depends on the size of the sample.) Then our estimate will be the value An = 1 nSn. Now as has often been the case, we will find it helpful to write Sn = X1 +X2 + · · ·+Xn, where


OpenNebula has just released the Beta version of its OpenNebula 4.8, codename "Lemon Slice", that finally introduces the long awaited support for public clouds providers ...


FROM purely theoretical considerations Lotka (1920) and Volterra (1926) concluded that a biological system consisting of two interdependent species (predator and prey) will exhibit regular periodic fluctuations in respect to the absolute and relative abundance of each species, even when random fluctuations due to external environmental factors have been eliminated. So far as is known this conclusion has not been investigated by direct experimental methods. Two types of inherent oscillation are conceivable. The first is that considered by Lotka and by Volterra. If A^ is the density of population of the prey, and N2 the density of population of the predator, then


In this paper, set of equations for the oscillator amplitude and phase dynamics are presented by describing the coupled series-resonant oscillator array in term of Z-parameters, and they are simplified for nearest-neighbor coupling topologies. For beam-scanning using, equations of phase dynamics are analyzed under the phase model; the free-running frequencies of oscillators are controlled for certain relations. The usefulness is illustrated through simulations.


Abstract : This thesis investigates the performance of the Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) protocol on Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) applications in Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs). Representative VoIP traffic is submitted to a MANET and end-to-end delay and packet loss are observed. Node density, number of data streams and mobility are varied creating a full-factorial experimental design with 18 distinct scenarios. The MANET is simulated in OPNET and VoIP traffic is introduced using one source node to send traffic to random destinations throughout the network. Simulation results indicate delay is between 0.069 ms to 0.717 ms, which is significantly lower than the recommended 150 ms threshold for VoIP applications. Packet loss is between 0.32% and 9.97%, which is less than the 10% allowable packet loss for acceptable VoIP quality. Thus OLSR is a suitable routing protocol for MANETs running VoIP applications.


Ostracoderms: The first fishes, and indeed the first vertebrates, were the ostracoderms, jawless fishes found mainly in fresh water. They were covered with a bony armor or scales and were often less than 30 cm (1 ft) long. The ostracoderms are placed in the class Agnatha along with the living jawless fishes, the lampreys and hagfishes, which are believed to be descended from the ostracoderms. Cambrian to Devonian


Oligopoly market is one of the most common market structures in market economy.Game theory has great impact on the modern research of Oligopoly market.Based on this theory,two models of oligopoly are discussed in this article with examples.The outcomes of equilibrium of these models are compared and interpreted.


ABSTRACT Introduction The Inspiris Resilia tissue valve was recently introduced into clinical practice. This review summarizes the pre-clinical and clinical studies leading to this new bioprosthesis. Areas covered The novel Resilia tissue was tested extensively in a large animal model. The clinical use of the tissue started in 2011 with the European Feasibility study, followed by a North-American multi-center study. Since 2017, the Inspiris Resilia valve has been in full commercial use. Further prospective evaluations and registries are ongoing. Expert opinion The Inspiris Resilia valve was clinically introduced after pre-clinical tests revealed superiority compared to contemporary therapy such as the Perimount valve. Prospective long-term follow-up studies on Resilia are ongoing since 2011 and reveal no major complications. Full 5-year data show no signs of early degeneration, but longer follow-up is certainly still needed. Several prospective registries are actively monitoring the outcome with the Inspiris Resilia valve now. The novel tissue, designed to mitigate calcification and increase durability, together with the expandable stent, facilitating potential future valve-in-valve (ViV) procedures, are the cutting-edge aspects. Clinical use in younger patients is currently ongoing: their follow-up and outcome will determine the added value of this valve.


An arctic–alpine Carex smut, described by Rostrup as Tilletia arctica and later assigned to Cintractia and Ustilago, has completely external sori and has no relationship to any of these genera. It is assigned to Orphanomyces gen. nov. (Ustilaginaceae). A second species, O. vankyi sp. nov., is described from the mountains of Transylvania on Carex acutiformis.


Emotions and facial expression: New challenges (Abstract): Starting from controversial questions in research about emotion and facial expressions, we review some theoretical positions of the Emotional Expression Approach and present some research alternatives. Some questions are analysed: terminology; spontaneous or deliberated expressions; information given by facial expressions; culture versus universality of emotional facial expressions; context influence; methodology. New challenges are emphasized when we analyse emergent guidelines in the study of the link between emotion and facial expression, which lead to: Influence of social and communicative aspects; multi-functionality; specific cultural emotional dialects; growing valorisation of context; component analysis; facial behaviour as dependent variable; analysis of natural contexts; emphasis on Componential Models.


Since 2004, the Land Survey Bureau (LSB) of MOI, has been integrating the existing GPS base stations around the nation to build up a national e-GPS network. The study area is located within the west service net of the national e-GPS real time kinematic network. The 4(superscript th) and the higher order control points (7 points) and the traverse points (35 points) were examined with the VRS-RTK. Compared with the original data, the obtained results have shown that the average of the absolute value of errors is less than 2cm at N-coordinate axis while larger than 17cm at E-coordinate axis After Helmert and Affine transformations for test area either by 4-parameters or 6-parameters, the errors within 5cm and accord with the demanding precision for traverse layout.


Facial morphea is a rare chronic inflammatory skin disorder that occurs on the face and can be disfiguring. It typically appears in childhood and adolescence and may have a significant impact on self‐esteem, psychosocial outcomes and quality of life. The few studies examining quality of life in children with morphea reported mild to moderate impact. However, these studies included small numbers of facial morphea cases and used questionnaires that cannot describe the complex experience of living with this visible skin disorder. This study used qualitative methods and a social constructionism approach to understand how facial morphea affects the everyday lives of children and their parents. The study was located in Canada and ten children with facial morphea, aged 8–17 years, and 13 parents took part in individual or group interviews and were asked to create a drawing about what it was like to live with facial morphea. Findings indicated that living with facial morphea was stressful. Stress was related to children's perceptions of being different, which was linked to life transitions, reactions of others (e.g. intrusive questioning and bullying) and treatment effects (e.g. weight gain). Managing the impact of facial morphea involved hiding its physical signs, constructing explanations about what "it" is and connecting with peers. Clinicians can support children with facial morphea achieve a better quality of life by helping them learn how to respond to intrusive queries, developing opportunities for peer support and attending to the anxiety associated with illness uncertainty and medical treatment.


Shari'a Islamic Law in the Contemporary Context, edited by Abbas Amanat and Frank Griffel, Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2007, ISBN 978-0-8047-5639, x+ 249 pp. Many modern discussions on...


This book presents a rich and colorful history of American women in sports. '"Making Her Mark" is a momentous achievement. Ernestine Miller's amazing compilation of people and events in over fifty sports documents the rich legacy of women athletes in the U.S., from the unsung trailblazers of the past to the popular heroes of today' - Billie Jean King, six-time Wimbledon champion and four-time U.S. Open champion. '"Making Her Mark" is a bull's-eye! Ernestine Miller has produced a comprehensive women's sports history book that's sure to be a winner with sports fans' - Julie Foudy, captain of the U.S. Women's National Soccer Team, member of the 1991 and 1999 World Cup teams, and member of the 1996 and 2000 Olympic teams."Making Her Mark" pays homage to the strong and courageous female athletes throughout U.S. history. Written by esteemed women's sports historian Ernestine Miller, this important and engaging book is an unrivaled source of key events, records, and significant accomplishments in women's sports from the 1880s to the present day. More than 1,500 entries on sixty sports are featured, covering sports as diverse as auto racing, basketball, boxing, tennis, and wrestling. Providing both information and inspiration to all athletes and fans, "Making Her Mark" is the definitive reference for women's athletic achievements.


We have designed a neuro-chip for Kohonen learning vector quantization (LVQ) algorithm, and fabricated it by gate-arrays, which includes 12 neurons/chip. We proposed a simplified version for Kohonen LVQ algorithm, because the gate-array restricts the number of transistors. Moreover, the fixed-point calculation is inevitable in neuro-chip. In this paper we demonstrate a good performance of our chip, which is used for bit-pattern image processing. For real-time systems learning can be done in real-time as well as i/o response. The neuro- chip can execute learning procedure (actually, Kohonen LVQ algorithm) in real-time. The first-version chip (already realized) can execute 32 bit patterns, but the second version will be enlarged to 256 bit pattern processing. The neurons become as much as chips are connected to a bus. The demonstration board using the first-version chips includes four chips, i.e., 48 neurons, which corresponds to 48 patterns recognition.


Abstract A novel and ligand-free method was developed for the decarboxylative cross-coupling of alkynylcarboxylic acids with arylboronic acids. By using an environmentally friendly H2O–poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-400) system as the reaction medium, a series of internal alkynes were synthesized in good yields and with remarkable selectivity. The Pd(OAc)2–H2O–PEG-400 catalytic system could be used for up to three cycles without any loss of activity, demonstrating the robustness of the approach.


Abstract. Building on almost 10 years of expertise and operational application of the
Combined Drought Indicator (CDI), which is implemented within the European
Commission's European Drought Observatory (EDO) for the purposes of early
warning and monitoring of agricultural droughts in Europe, this paper
proposes a revised version of the index. The CDI conceptualizes drought as a
cascade process, where a precipitation shortage (WATCH stage) develops into
a soil water deficit (WARNING stage), which in turn leads to stress for
vegetation (ALERT stage). The main goal of the revised CDI proposed here is
to improve the indicator's performance for those events that are currently
not reliably represented, without altering either the modelling conceptual
framework or the required input datasets. This is achieved by means of two
main modifications: (a) use of the previously occurring CDI value to improve
the temporal consistency of the time series and (b) introduction of two
temporary classes – namely TEMPORARY RECOVERY for soil moisture and
vegetation greenness, respectively – to avoid brief discontinuities in a
stage. The efficacy of the modifications is tested by comparing the
performances of the revised and currently implemented versions of the
indicator for actual drought events in Europe during the last 20 years. The
revised CDI reliably reproduces the evolution of major droughts,
outperforming the current version of the indicator, especially for
long-lasting events, and reducing the overall temporal inconsistencies in
stage sequencing of about 70 %. Since the revised CDI does not need
supplementary input datasets, it is suitable for operational implementation
within the EDO drought monitoring system.


The theory of variable permeability torque measuring devices, such as that described by Beth and Meeks in 1954, is developed. Certain design requirements and methods for such instruments are set down. Experimental results on an improved version of their instrument are given for torques up to about 75 in.‐lb in a ½‐in.‐diam shaft, and indicate that accuracies between 1% and 5% may be expected.


The study was carried out to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of the tube agglutination test (TAT), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the 2-Mercaptoethanol agglutination test (2-MAT) to detect human brucellosis patients in Korea. We examined 87 serum samples of people in the rural farm areas where bovine brucellosis had been reported. People in this study were divided into seven groups- farmers and their families, veterinarians, veterinary quarantine workers, livestock health control officers, artificial inseminators, livestock traders and healthy control individuals. Among 87 people, 65 were males and 22 were females ranging in age from 13 to 72 years. Of 87 serum samples, ELISA detected 21.84%, TAT detected 11.50% and 2-MAT detected 8.05% Brucella positive sera. Brucella specific IgG ELISA antibody titer was recorder higher in the individuals between the ages of 50 and 65 years. The highest prevalence rate of brucellosis(29.4%) was recorded in the cattle farmers and their family members followed by quarantine veterinary office workers (25%) and practicing veterinarians 01.1%). The majority of the Brucella sero-positive individuals in this study had a history of direct contact with animals.


Severe consequences as a result of long-term low water fee make people realized that raising water fee so as to save water by the leverage of price is an important measure to protect water resources and diminish crisis of water. However, the tolerant ability of businesses varies, water fee must be raised in the tolerant range of businesses. Based on huge information collected in industrial and domestic water, sensible and rational method of determination of water fee tolerance is proposed and analyzed. These provide theoretical evidence and assurance for further calculation of tolerant water fee in S-N Water Transfer District.


Abstract Objectives: to describe some factors of maternal behavior such as breastfeeding, diet,physical activity, sleep and clinical-metabolic disorders associated with retention and/orweight gain during postpartum.Methods: specific articles on the subject were searched in LILACS, MEDLINE/PubMedand SciELO databases.Results: the literature review suggests that breastfeeding or physical activity alone arenot enough to return to the pre-pregnancy weight, if they are not combined with restrictionsof energy intake. Reduced sleep affects both eating habits and activity patterns resulting inlower energy expenditure, in addition to altering the glycemic metabolism. Conclusions: maternal obesity increases the risk of metabolic syndrome. Interventionsduring postpartum are critical for maternal health and could be the key in reducing the riskof transgenerational maternal/childhood obesity. Key words Postpartum period, Maternal behavior, Obesity, Metabolic syndrome X, Sleepdeprivation, Insulin resistance


We realize parametric resonances in a nanowire mechanical system using an osciflating electric field. Resonances at drive frequencies near 2 f 0 /n, where f 0 is the nanowire's fundamental resonance frequency, for n from 1to 4 were observed inside a scanning electron microscope, and analyzed. Such resonances were found to originate from the amplitude-dependent electric field force acting on the nanowire and can be described by the Mathieu equation, which has known regions of instability in the parameter space.


Abstract Objectives Insulin resistance (IR) is a hallmark of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). The homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) provides an estimate for IR from fasting glucose and insulin serum concentrations. The aim of this study was to obtain a reference interval for HOMA-IR for a specific insulin immunoassay. Methods The Gutenberg Health Study (GHS) is a population-based, prospective, single-center cohort study in Germany with 15,030 participants aged 35–74 years. Fasting glucose, insulin, and C-peptide were available in 10,340 participants. HOMA-IR was calculated in this group and three reference subgroups with increasingly more stringent inclusion criteria. Age- and sex-dependent distributions of HOMA-IR and reference intervals were obtained. In a substudy three insulin assays were compared and HOMA-IR estimated for each assay. Results Among the 10,340 participants analyzed there were 6,590 non-diabetic, 2,901 prediabetic, and 849 diabetic individuals. Median (interquartile range [IQR]) HOMA-IR was 1.54 (1.13/2.19), 2.00 (1.39/2.99), and 4.00 (2.52/6.51), respectively. The most stringently selected reference group consisted of 1,065 persons. Median (IQR) HOMA-IR was 1.09 (0.85/1.42) with no significant difference between men and women. The 97.5th percentile was 2.35. There was a non-significant trend towards higher values with older age. Comparison of three immunoassays for insulin showed an unsatisfactory correlation among the assays and systematic differences in calculated HOMA-IR. Conclusions We present HOMA-IR reference intervals for adults derived by more or less stringent selection criteria for the reference cohort. In addition we show that assay specific reference intervals for HOMA-IR are required.


Cause-related marketing has gained momentum in the business world. Socially responsible practices can be viable solutions to food waste and excessive alcohol consumption for hospitality businesses. Drawing on attribution and cognitive dissonance theory, the study examined the effect of complementary fit on perceived authenticity and purchase intention by product type and message appeal. A 2 (product type: utilitarian/hedonic) x 2 (message appeal: absence/presence) between-subjects experimental design was conducted. The findings reveal that promoting hedonic products can increase the effect of complementary fit on the perception of authenticity toward the campaign and land purchase intention with a positive impact. Particularly, this effect is contingent on message appeal. The positive effect of complementarity on purchase intention through perceived authenticity is more significant when a message is present. This study leverages attribute theory and cognitive dissonance theory to examine the effects of complementary fit between product and cause, product type, and message appeal on customers' perceptions of authenticity and behaviors in the restaurant context. These insights not only contribute to academic knowledge but also help practitioners to navigate the dynamics of cause-related marketing to drive successful campaign outcomes.


PURPOSE: A composition containing a fruit body extract of a mushroom or a liquid or solid culture extract of mushroom mycelium is provided which has an effect on reducing drunkenness as well as reducing an alcoholic concentration in blood after drinking and can be used in a beverage, food and medicine. CONSTITUTION: The composition having preventing effects for drunken sickness and hangover contains a fruit body extract of a mushroom or a liquid or solid culture extract of mushroom mycelium, wherein the mush room is one selected from Pleurotus ostreatus, Agaricus Blazei, Pleurotus eryngii, Tricholoma matsutake, Flammulina velutipes, Phellinus linteus, Lentinus edodes, Paecilomyces japonica, Cordyceps militaris, Hericium erinaceum, Coprinus comatus, Grifola frondosa, Morchella esculenta, Coriolus versicolor, Ganoderma lucidum, Pholiota nameko and Agaricus bisporus.


After making a distinction and analysis between the two different concepts of sports load and physiological load the author holds that sports load is an external parameter in the dynamic course of human's behavior, whose nature is simply a process quantity composed of sports density, sports content and sports quantity while physiological load refers to internal parameter of functional change in human body, whose nature is just a kind of state quantity.


Eight populations of Nothoscordum fragrans have been analyzed with respect to meiotic irregularities and chromosome behavior in the pollen grains In five clones, the effects of irregularities in meiosis are clearly reflected in the pollen grains, indicating that in these cases structural abnormalities do not affect the nuclear division of the pollen grains. In clone VII, the meiotic irregularity in the pollen grain has been found to be much higher than that in the pollen mother cell (PMC) It is suggested that this is due to events at interphase after the second meiotic division. In clones V and VI, the percentage of meiotic irregularity in PMCs is much higher than in the pollen grains. This has been attributed either to restitution of broken ends or to severe genic change causing loss of dividing capacity of pollen grain nuclei, thus eliminating the irregularities during analysis.


The prevalence of image and video capture along with public demand to view such recordings has made privacy protection a major concern. Redaction is used to obfuscate personally identifiable information such as faces, license plates, house numbers, and store fronts. Redaction aims to obfuscate targeted areas while maintaining scene context. We propose facial obfuscation methods that maintain context by allowing facial detection methods to find an obfuscated face, but prevent humans and facial recognition systems from identifying the same face.


the government and the National Assembly of the Republic of Korea enacted and proclaimed the 'Special Act on the Safety Control of Public Structures' (hereinafter referred to as the 'Special Act') through the legislation process by Assembly members on January 5, 1995, in order to prevent disasters and calamities through facility safety inspections and proper maintenance. But nevertheless the result of the 'Special Act on the Safety Control of Public Structures' clearly exist, methodical analysis and effect of 'Special Act on the Safety Control of Public Structures' have not proposed since last 20 years. So question about the infrastructure of safety is brought up consistently. After that, the government has been creating new trends of facility maintenance since it deeply realized the significance of systematic inspection and maintenance of major public structures.


Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS)-containing homopolymers (PHEMAPOSS) with a high degree of polymerization (DP) were synthesized via reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. PHEMAPOSS was used as a macro-RAFT agent to construct a series of amphiphilic diblock copolymers, PHEMPOSS-b-PMAA (poly (methyl methacrylate)), which possessed a different length of hydrophilic chains. The self-assembly behavior of PHEMPOSS-b-PMAA in aqueous solution was studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS), respectively. The results showed that PHEMAPOSS45-b-PMAA523 forms typical core–shell spherical micelles where the hydrophobic PHEMAPOSS blocks as the core and hydrophilic PMAA blocks as the shell. With increasing PMAA chain length, PHEMAPOSS45-b-PMAA1173 with a longer PMAA chain self-assembled into irregular aggregates with POSS moieties dispersed in the aggregates. On the other hand, PHEMAPOSS45-b-PMAA308 with ...


The hydroxylation of 2-phenylpropionic acid (PPH) to 2-(p-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid (HPPH) was investigated using various microorganisms. The highest hydroxylating activity was found in Streptomyces rimosus ATCC 10907. The reaction product was isolated and identified as 2-(p-Miydroxyphenyl)propionic acid, which had no specific rotation, indicating that the reaction was not stereoselective at the benzylic position. In a 5-1 jar fermentor containing a medium consisting of 2% sorbitol, 2% soybean meal, and 1% malt extract (pH 7.2), the conversion rate from 0.2% of PPH reached 60% using a PPH-resistant mutant, KY-661-18.


At present, the majority of high quality glass plate is used in vehicle industry. The paper presents the technological process for obtaining glass plate, used in vehicle industry. Besides the usual attributes of high quality plane glass, those used in vehicle industry must not result in sharp and cutting splinters when broken, being dangerous for the passengers. This quality, due to which it is called safety glass, is obtained by various methods.


Systematic design schemes of fractional order proportional differential (FOPD) controller for the second order plus time delay system are presented. In the same design specifications, the same controller parameters and the the same plant conditions, fair comparisons of the FOPD controller and the optimal design integer-order PID (IOPID) controllers via simulation experimental tests have revealed that FOPD Controller outperforms the IOPID controllers in stability, dynamic performance and robustness when the parameter changes.


The measuring setup for the experimental verification of some relations determined in the course of computer simulations presented in [1] and [2] can be seen in Fig. 1. As has been assumed, the structure of the measuring stand ought to detect the measuring signal within the wavelength. Therefore, a source of white light has been applied. This illuminator consists of a halogen bulb (Z) supplied by stabilised source of direct current, a collimator (K) and a polarizer (P) — the Glan–Thompson prism. The beam of white light from the illuminator reaches the prism (Pr) coupling the light with the planar waveguide. The illuminator has one degree of freedom, permitting to adjust the angle α, at which the light falls on the coupling prism. The light propagates in the planar waveguide, provided with a layer of metal, a buffering layer and an analyte. The light is led out of the waveguide over the edge by means of the waveguide probe of the spectrometer (SPM). As the edges of the waveguide samples had not been polished, between the edge of the planar waveguide and the face of the waveguide probe a drop of immersive liquid was inserted. The waveguide probe was placed in a holder which permitted to adjust it precisely towards the edge of the planar waveguide, in order to achieve a maximum coupling (degrees of freedom X, Y , Z). Such a way of taking over the light from the planar waveguide warranted the reception of its entire spectrum, and it was the purpose of giving up the possibility to lead off the light by means of another prism. The waveguide spectrometer SPM14 from the firm WOCAD, applied in this system, has the following parameters: • spectral range: 380–780 nm,


This paper describes recent progress made by a team from the NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory (GLERL) and the University of Michigan (UMich) Cooperative Institute for Limnology and Ecosystems Research (CILER). Over the past six years (since 2007), this team has studied Great Lakes ice and regional climate in response to global climate changes and how to transfer scientific research results into predictions of lake ice on the scales of several days to several months. The Great Lakes are located at the edge of the action centers of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the nodal points of the action centers of the Pacific-North America (PNA) pattern. Aloft, there exists a strong highly-fluctuating annual south-north displacement of the westerly jet. Great Lakes ice responds linearly to the NAO and nonlinearly (quadratically) to the El Niño and South Oscillation (ENSO or Nino3.4). As a result, both NAO and ENSO have impacts on lake ice, but neither of them solely dominates the Great Lakes regional climate and lake ice cover. The combined effects of both NAO and ENSO on lake ice provide high predictability skills using statistical regression models. For the first time, fully-coupled Great Lakes Ice-circulation Models (GLIM) with both dynamics and thermodynamics have been developed at GLERL/CILER to simulate and investigate the lake ice variations on the synoptic, seasonal, interannual, and decadal time scales. The hindcast results were validated using in situ, airborne, and satellite measurements for various periods. The validated GLIM has been used since the 2010-2011 ice season to forecast Great Lakes ice cover concentration, thickness, velocity, and associated air-ice-sea variables for up to five days in advance.


This article outlines 10 rules for condom users: 1) use condoms at every intercourse, 2) use spermicidal condoms, 3) out the condom on the penis before the penis is inserted into the vagina, 4) do not use petroleum products such as Vaseline for additional lubrication, 5) use a backup method of contraception to increase the effectiveness of condoms, 6) after intercourse hold onto the rim part of the condom to avoid spillage of semen as the penis is withdrawn, 7) check to make sure the condom is intact before throwing the condom away, 8) do not reuse condoms, 9) use each condom definitely only once if it is being used as protection against sexually transmissible diseases, and 10) store condoms in a cool and dry place to avoid deterioration of the rubber.


SummaryPrimary roots of Vicia faba were irradiated at dose-rates of 1·3 and 7 rads per hour in the presence and absence of 2 × 10−5 grammes per litre of the synthetic auxin, alpha-naphthalene acetic acid. The temporary stimulation of root growth observed during irradiation at 1·3 rads per hour was completely eliminated when the synthetic auxin was present. The results tend to support the contention that the temporary stimulation is a consequence of a disturbance in the auxin economy in the root.


Federated learning is an emerging framework that builds centralized machine learning models with training data distributed across multiple devices. Most of the previous works about federated learning focus on the privacy protection and communication cost reduction. However, how to achieve fairness in federated learning is under-explored and challenging especially when testing data distribution is different from training distribution or even unknown. Introducing simple fairness constraints on the centralized model cannot achieve model fairness on unknown testing data. In this paper, we develop a fairness-aware agnostic federated learning framework (AgnosticFair) to deal with the challenge of unknown testing distribution. We use kernel reweighing functions to assign a reweighing value on each training sample in both loss function and fairness constraint. Therefore, the centralized model built from AgnosticFair can achieve high accuracy and fairness guarantee on unknown testing data. Moreover, the built model can be directly applied to local sites as it guarantees fairness on local data distributions. To our best knowledge, this is the first work to achieve fairness in federated learning. Experimental results on two real datasets demonstrate the effectiveness in terms of both utility and fairness under data shift scenarios.


FIELD: insulation. SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to a method of an insulation coating installation and a block with an insulating coating for cryogenic tanks. Method of insulation coating installation includes the step of transportation, at which block (1) with the insulating coating is transported, wherein insulating coating (2) and transportation holder (3) are interconnected between inner reservoir (60) and outer reservoir (50) of the tank with double shell in suspended state; and the step of mounting, at which block (1) with the insulating coating is mounted on the facing plate of inner reservoir (60). Transportation holder (3) is formed by fastening pin (34) for fixation of the insulating coating to main body (3A) of the holder with a pin joint. Insulating coating (2) is held on pin (34) for fixation of the insulation coating. EFFECT: invention increases efficiency rate of insulating coatings installation and improves safety during the installation. 8 cl, 10 dwg


According to the data of the 5th census in China, the author introduces the conditions of the old women in our country, including their demography features, social status, and economic conditions, which are compared with that in 1990.


In the May issue of Science, Du et al. described the novel and exciting finding that the transmembrane serine protease 6 (TMPRSS6) senses iron deficiency [1]. In their study, Du et al. described a mutant mouse, which is characterized by progressive loss of body hair and microcytic anaemia. The phenotype was found to result from reduced intestinal iron absorption caused by high levels of hepcidin. Iron deprivation and anaemia suppressed hepcidin mRNA levels in the livers of wild-type mice, whereas high mRNA levels persisted in the livers of anaemic mutant mice. The high hepcidin levels in the mutant mice resulted from a splice defect in the Tmprss6 gene. This suggests that TMPRSS6 physiologically downregulates hepcidin mRNA transcription and thus promotes iron uptake [1].


Many a writer on the subject of miracles is irresistibly drawn to the well-known words from Goethe's Faust: "the dearest child of Faith is Miracle". The miracles of Jesus did not, therefore, take place in a world in which His deeds were regarded as new and unprecedented phenomena, but in a world which was, as it were, "miracle-minded". In China Confucius refused to accept miracles. Buddha was opposed to magic miracles, from which he distinguished the "miracles of the revelation of man's inner self". Miracles are a form of divine revelation. A miracle is a direct act of God in which He reveals to mankind, with an intention, a new observable reality, which can only be fully understood by faith. In this new reality God proclaims, outside and against the known laws of order and regularity in nature, His freedom, power and love.Keywords: Buddha; Confucius; God; Goethe; Jesus; miracles


The business environment is full of uncertainties.Investing in various securities classes may lower the risk of overall portfolio and increase the potential for greater returns. At first,a minimax risk function is proposed to measure the risk of portfolio in the paper. Furthermore,we use fuzzy numbers to describe investors' vague aspiration levels for the excess return and risk and propose a fuzzy decision making model for portfolio selection problem.A numerical example is given to illustrate the behavior of the proposed model.


A 45-year-old Indian gentleman presented to our allergy clinic with symptoms of hives and intense pruritus for the past 8 months. He complained of considerable burning type of itching, which was only partially controlled with antihistamines. He was thoroughly investigated, and his hives were found to be a skin manifestation of Hodgkin′s lymphoma. He subsequently underwent chemotherapy and is now in clinical remission.


RF convergence where the same transceiver is used for communications and sensing purposes is taking place. In this paper, a dual-use radar-communications multicarrier waveform is proposed, where different subcarriers are assigned to different subsystems. Two algorithms for subcarrier assignment and optimal power allocation for the radar and communications subsystems are developed. A compound mutual information (MI) based objective function is used for optimizing the power allocation of each subsystem in both design algorithms. The first proposed design algorithm assumes priority for the radar subsystem and it is called radar selfish design. The second proposed design algorithm is called cooperative design, in which both subsystems are jointly optimized by maximizing a compound MI based objective function.


The venom of the box jellyfish Chironex fleckeri from Australian waters resembles that ofthe Atlantic jellyfish Physalia physalie (Lane, 1968) in its toxic action, except that it is more potent. Tentacle extracts of Chironex exhibit the same pharmacological activities (Turner & Freeman, 1969) as the venom. From such extracts, two lethal factors have been separated on Sephadex G-200 (Crone & Keen, 1969) in positions corresponding to molecular weights of 70000 and 150000. Both toxins have cardiovascular effects and one of them (mol.wt. 70000) is a strong haemolysin (Keen & Crone, 1969a). The resolution of the two active fractions has been improved by ion-exchange chromatography on CM-Sephadex C-50. The non-haemolytic toxin, which was eluted first, was then chromatographed on Sephadex G-200 and was recovered in the position corresponding to 150 000 mol.wt. The lability of the haemolysin prevented further chromatography of this toxin. The tentacle extracts were also chromatographed on thin layers of Sephadex G-200, and the position of haemolytic activity was detected by the use of filter paper soaked in a suspension of erythrocytes in 150mM-NaCl-lOmM-phosphate, pH7.4. The behaviour of the haemolysin was markedly dependent on the ionic strength and pH of the eluting buffer and on the degree of loading of the chromatogram. The adsorption of the haemolysin on the Sephadex matrix was strong at low salt concentration but was much less under the conditions used for column chromatography. The effect is sufficient, however, to make electrophoresis on support media difficult. These results support the view that there axe at least two toxic proteins present in Chironex extracts. The larger, non-haemolytic, toxin appears to be more stable and may prove to be easier to isolate than the haemolysin, which rapidly loses activity under the mildest conditions. Since tentacle extracts also contain a dermatonecrotic agent which is antigenic (Keen & Crone, 1969b), there is possibly a third toxic protein in the extracts, but dermatonecrosis has not been related to a specific protein fraction. The possibility that the active compounds are small molecules adsorbed strongly to proteins in the extracts cannot be totally excluded, but the present results make this very unlikely.


Particles of fluid cat cracking (FCC) catalyst are used in fluid bed processes, for cracking heavier distilled fractions down to lighter liquid fuels. The performance of cat crackers is crucially dependent on the porous properties of the fine powdered 70μm diameter particles. This paper presents an experimental study of pore structure geometry and morphology of FCC catalysts. Mercury porosimetry results are presented and discussed.


The 4th International Conference on Engineering Sciences (4th ICES) was held from 5th to 6th December, 2020 in Karbala, Iraq. The 4th ICES was organized by the College of Engineering at University of Kerbala in collaboration with the Swinburne University. The Engineering College at University of Kerbala which was established in 2006 encompasses seven scientific engineering departments: Civil, Mechanical, Electrical and Electronic, Petroleum, Orthotics and Prosthetics, Biomedical, and Architecture. The college aims to provide the society with skilled and qualified engineers specialized in various engineering disciplines. The conference was held virtually for about 200 guests hosted by Zoom video conference platform. On the first day of the conference, the opening session started at 9:30 am, Baghdad time and lasted for two hours. Then, eight sessions started at 12:30 pm simultaneously using breakout rooms. Each room represented specific topic and directed by the chairman of the session. On the second day of the conference, nine sessions were held at the same time. Each session started at 10:00 am Baghdad time using the same procedure of the first day. At each individual session, around ten papers were presented by the corresponding authors with the attendance of several interested researchers. Each presentation lasted for around 20 minutes. List of Scientific Committee, Organizing Committee are available in this pdf.


In a paper published in JCEM, Straub et al. (1) reported on the interrelations in diabetics between atrial natriuretic factor (ANF), endogenous digoxin-like immunoreactive factors (DLIF), and autonomic abnormalities. The authors state that "a group of natriuretic hormones such as ouabain or DLIF play an important role in the hormonal feedback system to control volume expansion" and that "DLIF is secreted from the adrenal glands and hypothalamus," and they conclude that their results "demonstrate close interactions between the autonomic nervous system and the two natriuretic hormones" (DLIF and ANF) and that in diabetics with autonomic dysfunction "higher levels of ANF may possibly compensate for the lack of the natriuretic DLIF" (1). We think that the paper conveys an unjustified impression of established knowledge in an area that still requires great caution, and we feel compelled to comment and amend a few imprecisions in the article.


The paper discusses the results of the user satisfaction survey conducted in the Jaffna University library among the undergraduates of general degree bioscience students in August 2010. The objectives of the study were to assess the library user satisfaction regarding the currently available information sources and services and to identify the unmet needs of the undergraduates for the future developments in the library. Self administered questionnaire survey was conducted among these undergraduates. The study revealed that the library retains as essential component to facilitate the general degree bioscience undergraduates' learning and research activities. The study clearly enumerated that the efficiency of some of the presently available services such as photocopying services, interlibrary loan services, selective dissemination of information and current awareness service were not met the undergraduates' expectations. . The findings of the survey leave plenty of scope for improvement in library activities. Journal of the University Librarians Association, Sri Lanka, Vol. 16, Issue 1, January 2012, Page 34-45 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/jula.v16i1.5196


A method comprising: Generating a plurality of sets of overlay correction data (103) for a pair of a first lithography system (L1) and a second lithography system (L2), said first lithography system (L1) for mapping a first device layer (161) on a substrate (160) is used, is used, the second lithography system (L2) for imaging a second device layer to the substrate (160), said second device layer spatially with the first device layer (161) is related, and wherein the plurality of sets of overlay correction data (103) a different status of the first and / or the second lithography system (L1, L2), respectively; Receive process information, the product substrate to be processed with one in the second lithography system (L2) is associated, wherein the product substrate having formed thereon the first device layer (161) and wherein said process information comprises a status of the first lithography system (L1) indicating when the product substrate processed becomes; by a controller (102) selecting one of the plurality of sets of overlay correction data (103) of the status of the first lithography system (L1) ...


Objective: To investigate the correlation between anxiety and the quality of life of patients with ischemic stroke.Methods: 170 ischemic stroke patients enrolled were divided into the anxiety group and non-anxiety group according to their Hamilton rating scale for anxiety(HAMA) score.Health Questionnaire SF-36 was used to evaluate the quality of life of both groups.Results: Patients with anxiety had lower scores in energy,emotional-role,mental health and general health dimensions of Health Questionnaire Short Form-36(SF-36)(P0.05,P0.01).Conclusion: Ischemic stroke patients with anxiety have lower quality of life in the vitality,emotional-role,mental health and general health dimensions.Quality of life of ischemic stroke patients is closely related to their anxiety state.


24 male students were examined disc-electrophoretically with regard to their salivary protein patterns as well as quantitatively as to the sialobiochemical parameters sodium, potassium, lysozyme, calcium, IgA, total protein and amylase in dependence on the secretory-nonsecretory system. Apart from the significantly diminished calcium content in the parotid saliva of nonsecretors, the secretions of the Glandula parotis (n = 24) as well as of the Glandula submandibularis (n = 18) did not show any statistically safeguarded sialobiochemical changes which depend on the secretory status. The protein spectra of secretors and nonsecretors did not exhibit disc-electrophoretical differences.


that grow up quite normally until they undergo the normal adolescent maturation. At this time, they exhibit a number of morphological, neurochemical, physiological and behavioural alterations that include deficits in PV interneurons. About 50% of prefrontal cortical interneuron show oxidative stress, as revealed by labelling with 8-oxo-DG, while other interneuron types are not affected. Treating the NVHL rats with the glutathione precursor N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC), the NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin, or the glutathione reductase mimic ebselen, reversed or prevented the PPI deficits typically observed in this model. NAC treatment also reversed electrophysiological alterations including the translatable finding of reduced mismatch negativity in adult NVHL rats. Overall, the data suggest oxidative stress plays a critical role in a model with PV interneuron deficit, that oxidative stress is pervasive in PV cells, and that antioxi-dant approaches may be beneficial to reverse some deficits. Background: In schizophrenia pathophysiology, increasing evidence point to a critical role of redox dysregulation / oxidative stress leading to impairments of fast spiking parvalbumine interneurons (PVI) which are essential for gamma oscillations generation, thus contributing to cognitive deficit. Animal models of psychosis including the ketamine/PCP, NHVL, DISC1, GluN1-KO and gclm KO models converge in showing increase in oxidative stress markers and PVI impairment in prefrontal cortex. PVIs surrounded by perineuronal net (PNN), also express matrix metalloproteases in immune-related genome-wide association transgenic mouse the and deficit. oxidative stress interacts with neuroin-flammatory condition. pathological interaction in early potential of adulthood and Abstract The notion that there is a single and constant stress neuroma-trix is no longer sustainable. In fact, acute stressors trigger an activation of particular neuronal networks, which after pro-longed maladaptive stress exposure shift to other brain regions outside those networks. This suggests that there is a distinction between the acute- and the chronic-stress neuromatrix. During this talk, a new working model to understand the shift between these networks will be presented; in this model there are inde-pendent, albeit interacting, steps, which are modulated by factors that may explain the dynamics of the chronic stress brain construct: i) susceptibility; ii) response and initial injury; iii) transition to chronicity; iv) maintenance of a "stressed-brain". As a result, in the chronic stress stage, perception and salience of a stressor is a modified emotional and hedonic construct, where threat/value assessment and memory traces of stressful experiences are incorporated, eventually in an "altered mode". Indeed, according to this model the transition from acute to chronic stress entails also a transition in the salience of a stressor from a simple sign of external threat/challenge into a pathological construct. Thus, the understanding of the factors that modulate these networks and their interplay will allow for a more comprehensive and holistic perspective of how the brain shifts "back and forth" from a healthy to a stressed pattern and, ultimately, how the latter can be a trigger for several neurologi-cal and psychiatric conditions. Abstract Stress has a profound and divergent impact on cognition and emotion, however the neuronal basis underlying the complex actions of stress hormones remains elusive. Our recent years of research have found that acute stress, via glucocorticoid receptor (GR) activation, facilitates working memory via a long-lasting potentiation of the membrane trafficking and synaptic func-tion of NMDARs and AMPARs in prefrontal cortex (PFC), which is dependent on a mechanism involving the induction of serum-and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase (SGK) and the activation of Rab4 that mediates receptor recycling (Yuen et al., 2009, PNAS; Yuen et al., 2011, Mol. Psychiatry ; Liu et al., 2010, JBC ; Lee et al., J.


The model building of Influence Nets, a special instance of Bayesian belief networks, is a time-consuming and labor-intensive task. No formal process exists that decision makers/system analyst, who are typically not familiar with the underlying theory and assumptions of belief networks, can use to build concise and easy-to-interpret models. In many cases, the developed model is extremely dense, that is, it has a very high link-to-node ratio. The complexity of a network makes the already intractable task of belief updating more difficult. The problem is further intensified in dynamic domains where the structure of the built model is repeated for multiple time-slices. It is, therefore, desirable to do a post-processing of the developed models and to remove arcs having a negligible influence on the variables of interests. The paper applies sensitivity of arc analysis to identify arcs that can be removed from an Influence Net without having a significant impact on its inferencing capability. A metric is suggested to gauge changes in the joint distribution of variables before and after the arc removal process. The results are benchmarked against the KL divergence metric. An empirical study based on several real Influence Nets is conducted to test the performance of the sensitivity of arc analysis in reducing the model complexity of an Influence Net without causing a significant change in its joint probability distribution.


Supercritical water gasification (SCWG) of mixtures of guaiacol and acetic acid was carried out in a continuous reactor at 600 °C and 25 MPa with a residence time of 94 s. Different concentrations of acetic acid were employed to investigate the effect of acetic acid on product yield and gas composition. The interaction between guaiacol and acetic acid during SCWG was discussed. Acetic acid, as a radical scavenger, was found to inhibit radical polymerization, resulting in the suppression of char formation.


Red rosella petals had potential as diabetes therapy. Red rosella petals contain citric acid, malic acid, Vitamin C, anthosinins, proteins and flavonoids that act as antioxidants that help lower pancreatic beta-cell damage and improve insulin work. Red rosella petals can be dried without reducing the content in it. Practically, it is used as a beverage ingredient, namely tea. This research aimed to analyze red rosella tea's effect on blood glucose in individuals with diabetes mellitus type II. This research was pre-experimental research with one-group pre-post-test design approach. The population was 17 individuals in Ketawang Village, Gondang District. The sample was 14 respondents with a proportional stratified random sampling technique. The independent variable was rosella tea, and the dependent variable was blood glucose. The instruments were red rosella tea with Standard operating procedures. The data was analyzed SPSS 21 paired t-test with a significance level of 0.05. The results showed that 14 respondents had an average blood glucose level of 317,64 mg/dl before the intervention, while after giving red rosella tea for 7 days had an average of 222 mg/dl. In addition, the results of the paired t-test, p-value = 0.00 ≤ α (0.05). Thus, there was an Effect of Red Rosella Tea on Blood Glucose in individuals with Diabetes Mellitus Type II. Red Rosella Tea can decrease Blood Glucose. Individuals with diabetes mellitus type II should consume red rosella tea routinely to avoid the complications of diabetes mellitus.


The development of antifungal agents has lagged behind that of antibacterial agents, because fungi generally grow slowly and often in multicellular forms, they are more difficult to quantify than bacteria. This experiment was designed to evaluate the in vitro properties of the amino acids complexes as potential antifungal agent. We tested 4 amino acid complexes: Cu-lysine, Cu-methionine, Co-lysine and Co-methionine, at different concentrations. The end-points for cytotoxicity evaluation are: proliferation rate, lactate dehidrogenase activity (LDH). These two end-points gave similar results with the proliferation rate but the last methods seem to be more sensible. Cupper complexes especially those with methionine proved to have the higher activity against Candida albicans from all the amino acids complexes.


Surfactant composition (CT) powder, characterized in that it consists essentially of a mixture of 1% to 90% by weight of a liquid or pasty surfactant (TA) at a temperature between 10oC and 35oC and 10% to 99% by weight a solid support selected from calcium phosphate or aluminosilicates and because slips freely, the flow time measured by the method


The world is being hit by a covid-19 pandemic including Indonesia. To break the chain of spreadingof the virus, The government ask everypeople to stay at home. This situation has an impact on economic instability and affected to SMEs. Therefore, a survival strategy for SMEs is needed to continuous their business during the pandemic. This study used qualitative analysis with exploratory yanf participatory observation techniques. The result of this study recommend 4 ways a survival strategy for SMEs. Therea are using e-commerce for business, using digital marketing, improving product and service qualityand optimizing customer relationship marketing. The result of this study are important to be understood and adopted by SMEs and hopefully they always responsive and adjusting to business environment to survive.


•  NICE have produced the most comprehensive guidelines so far on the management of urinary incontinence in women. •  Thirteen key recommendations relate to initial assessment in primary care; investigations; and conservative and surgical treatments. •  NICE discuss the implications for training and practice and recommend methods of implementation.


Nélida Piñon (Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, 1937), former president of the Brazilian Academy of Letters, is the author of many novels, including A força do destino (1977) and A Republica dos sonhos (1984; The Republic of Dreams, 1989). In 2005 she was awarded the Prêmio Jabuti for Vozes do Deserto (2005; Voices of the Desert, 2009). The following is excerpted from her book of essays Livro das horas (2012). http://www.nelidapinon.com.br/ Gregory Rabassa is Professor Emeritus of Comparative Literature and Romance Languages at the CUNY Graduate Center and translator of iconic writers including Jorge Amado, Julio Cortázar, Gabriel Garcı́a Márquez, Clarice Lispector, Nélida Piñon, and Mario Vargas Llosa. He has received a National Book Award and National Medal of Arts, among numerous other accolades.