Geothermal development requires an understanding of changes in pore permeability caused by repeated thermal shock fatigue damage in hot dry rock. Research on the subject can aid the evaluation of the longevity and mining value of enhanced geothermal systems (EGS). However, few relevant studies are currently available. In this study, the change characteristics of pore permeability in granite following different heating–cooling cycle temperatures (250°C, 350°C, 450°C, 550°C, and 650°C) and numbers of cycles (1, 5, 10, 15, and 20 cycles) were analyzed. Results show that with increasing temperature, the uneven thermal expansion and thermal shock effect of minerals promote crack development, leading to increases in the porosity and permeability of granite, particularly at temperatures above 450°C. When the heat treatment temperature was below 450°C, the number of cycles only slightly affected the porosity and permeability; meanwhile, when the temperature exceeded 450°C, the porosity and permeability increased significantly with an increase in the number of cycles. Moreover, three-dimensional nonlinear fitted relationships among porosity (or permeability), cycle temperature, and number of cycles have been established for the first time with correlation coefficients (R2) above 0.9, which reveals the change rules of pore permeability after quenching in hot dry rock. The results can be used to evaluate the efficiency of geothermal reservoir energy extraction and aid in geothermal reservoir design.


The vertical launching technology of the underwater vehicle by using the gas curtain is a new underwater launch technology.By means of numerical simulation,this paper studies the relationship between the shape of the gas curtain and hydrodynamic characteristics of the underwater vehicle under different gas jet speed during the vertical projection.The results show that,in the process of the underwater vehicle launching from the tube,the vehicle can pass through the least radius of the gas curtain successfully on the condition of different gas jet speed,and in the process of the underwater vehicle exiting the water,the total drag coefficient of the vehicle decreases independent of the Mach number of the gas jet.


Writing (Pokeno: Atuanui Press, 2014). 'The revolution was postponed...' The Review of Murray Edmond, Then It Was Now Again: SelectedWith Then It Was Now Again Murray Edmond has accomplished a splendid feat of self-curating, making a verbal museum of his critical writings over the forty years from 1973 to 2013, the textual equivalent of a visual artist's retrospective. Many of these pieces would be time-consuming to track down, individually, and would not necessarily be accessible online. Taken together they amount to a formidably coherent series of statements about poetry and theatre practice in New Zealand over this time period, framed by a very clear agenda, articulated by Edmond in his 'Preface: A Living Context' that ties the book together, chronologically and ideologically.Edmond avoids obvious and literal ways of curating. The pieces are not in chronological order-pieces on poetry mingle freely with pieces on New Zealand drama, and reference notes have been aligned as endnotes. Otherwise, Edmond says, he has resisted the urge to amend or qualify earlier opinions, and thus to let the ghosts of his former writing selves speak on their own behalf. One of the benefits is then to give period authenticity to the critical voice. Edmond is not a critic speaking from a space of mandarin distance from his material. Rather, throughout his career he has been in the middle of things, instigating provocations in poetry from the time of the journal Freed in the very early 1970s, and on stage through the non-orthodoxies of Red Mole and other 'physical theatre' groups from the same decade. He has of course continued to publish prolifically as a poet. Through teaching the Diploma in Drama at Auckland University he has continued to encourage new theatre writing, and has been conspicuously successful as a dramaturge, for Jacob Rajan and Justin Lewis of Indian Ink, amongst others. If you think of this book as a kind of ethnography of New Zealand poetry and drama over four decades, then Edmond fronts as a participant observer. He is a shrewd commentator, with a forensic grasp of detail. He is also, by turns, bitter, dyspeptic, eloquent-and pretty frank about friends and enemies.'The revolution was postponed because of rain'. So goes the famous anthem of The Brooklyn Funk Essentials.1 From the outset Edmond makes clear the disappointments of the revolutionary epoch of the late 1960s and early 1970s. If the word was freed, or the world turned upside down in some commedia-inspired carnivalised theatre event/ happening, then liberation, personal and political, would surely follow. But, as Edmond admits with rueful honesty, revolution did not happen. Or rather when it came it was a completely different transformation than the one dreamed of by the romantics and dreamers of the hippie generation. Edmond sees the transformations of New Zealand 's economy and politics after 1984 as the true revolution, and sees those structural alignments as having also transformed utterly local modes of cultural production and delivery. In a staunch account here of Mervyn Thompson's solo play Coaltown Blues, set against the wider politics of 1984 (the Trades Hall bombing, and the initial phases of Roger Douglas's upturning of the New Zealand economy), Edmond recounts an address by a 'Man from Treasury' to a Theatre Policy conference. …


Disclosed is high temperature resistant lightweight heat insulation castables. Substrate raw materials and the weight percentage are as follows: 53-60% of main substrate particles with the average particle size less than or equal to 7 millimeters, 25-32% of main substrate fine powder which can pass through a target screen mesh not less than 200, 5-10% of ultrafine powder with the average particle size less than or equal to 10 microns, and 6-7% of aluminate cement. The sum of the weight of the substrate raw materials is an entirety, compound water-reducing agents need to be added besides the substrate raw materials, and the weight of the compound water-reducing agents is 0.1-1% of that of the entirety. Besides the substrate raw materials, polystyrene spheres need to be added, the average particle size of the polystyrene spheres is 1-0.5 millimeter, and the weight of the polystyrene spheres is 1-3% of that of the entirety. The high temperature resistant lightweight heat insulation castables can be used as working lining of a thermal furnace which does not contact with molten liquid, the use temperature is from 1250-1650 DEG C according to different main substrates, and the volume density of the high temperature resistant lightweight heat insulation castables can be 1.2-1.7g/cm by adding burning articles with different quantities.


The long-standing argument that focused operations outperform others stands in contrast to theory and evidence supporting a broader scope for organizations. The literature on related diversification at the level of the firm provides some reconciliation of these conflicting observations by suggesting that multi-unit firms with a portfolio of related businesses outperform both single-unit firms and multi-unit firms composed of unrelated businesses. Explanations for this relationship between focus and firm performance have largely centered on economies of scope achieved by sharing common resources, such as advertising or production capacity. We consider whether there are similar benefits to relatedness at an operating unit level and whether such benefits stem from spillovers between operating activities. Using data from the hospital industry, we first examine the relationship between focus and performance in cardiovascular care. Then, distinguishing between direct and complementary spillovers, we examine: (1) the extent to which a hospital's specialization in areas related to cardiovascular care directly impacts performance in cardiovascular care (direct spillovers) and (2) whether the marginal benefit of a hospital's focus in cardiovascular care depends on the degree to which the hospital "co-specializes" in related areas (complementary spillovers). We find evidence of complementarities in specialization between cardiovascular care and related service areas. We thank Carliss Baldwin, Andy King, Gary Pisano, and seminar participants at the Academy of Management and National Bureau of Economic Research for helpful comments. We are grateful to the Division of Research of Harvard Business School for financial support.


Following nonusers configurable doses of one agent, the method and system for administering continuously user configurable dose of the primary medicament. System, the beginning of all, or substantially all of the given gills E agents (e.g., secondary medicament) delivered through the output needle, and, thereafter, addition, another agent (e.g., primary medicament) in a single injection step may include floating piston arranged doubled section to facilitate the delivery through the same output needle. Floating piston of the double cross section of the system also reduces the ullage volume left in the medicated module relative to the amount of dosed secondary medicament from the system, or limit.


The Tunis West Sewerage Project will help achieve the following objectives: (i) improve the quality of sanitation services in Greater Tunis, and preserve the achievements of the sector; (ii) Induce beneficial environmental effects on both local and international tourism, particularly in the Greater Tunis coastal area; (iii) Promote the reuse of treated wastewater in irrigation on a sustainable basis and in significant quantities, which is very important given the severity of water scarcity in Tunisia, and (iv) Enhance ONAS performance through financial and operational management capacity building. Potential adverse impacts associated with the project and mitigation measures are: Effluent quality and temporary polluting discharges. Since, the discharge of treated wastewater will reach some vulnerable water body like Oued Melian and Gulf of Tunis, special attention has been paid in designing El Attar WWTP. In order to ensure acceptable quality of treated effluents that can be safely discharged into water bodies, special features have been incorporated in the design of the treatment facility to increase its performance and reliability, which will include the provision of: (a) Biological Nutrient Removal (BNR) for controlling nitrogen and phosphorus to minimum levels achieved by biological treatment systems, (b) emergency treatment lines in case of upset in plant performance, and (c) a maturation basin (15 ha) for additional bacteriological treatment. Meanwhile, regular monitoring at WWTP and discharge levels will be required to ensure strict adherence to Tunisian standards, which are essentially equivalent with the prevailing international standards. At the request of the Bank, ONAS has initiated the preparation of additional analysis on possible impacts of treated of wastewater effluents on seawater quality (in Gulf of Tunis) and on the groundwater table of Mornag.


The decolonized literatures and art forms evaluated the colonial modernity and persisting traditions. It is evaluated that there were two different discourses, reformist and revivalist, in colonial Andhra. Post-colonial Telugu cinema came up with third discourse in which both reformist and revivalist ideologies went hand in hand. This paper attempts to unearth the causation of such ideological stand taken by the Telugu Cinema of 1950s which not only interrogated child marriage but also sanctified the Hindu marriage. Mangalyabalam (1959) does not negate the tradition but negotiates with it in order to bring consensus between tradition and modernity.


This study examine the influence of gelatain with different concentrations on the physical property of the PET/Gelatin composite tubular braids. PET fibers are braided into tubular braids on a braider, and then immersed in gelatin solution with various concentrations to form PET/Gelatin composite tubular braids. The tensile strength and water contact angle of the braids are then tested to determine the their physical properties. The experiment results show that an increasing concentration of gelatin does not result in a significant varation in tensile strength, but a decreased displacement only.


AMERICANS STAND at a dramatically divisive point in our history, separated by inequalities not seen since the Gilded Age a century ago. Although received wisdom claims that we all are middle class, polls persistently show that we split equally between identifying as working class and as middle class. To paraphrase Tom Tehrer, the middle folks scorn the working folks and the working folks envy the middle folks; they both hate the rich folks and the poor folks; it's as American as apple pie. Not to be glib, we are divided by social class in ways that we rarely acknowledge. My social psychology laboratory has been examining the ways that envy up- ward and scorn downward undermine us. Much of the theoretical ground- work appears in my book Envy Up, Scorn Down: How Status Divides Us.2Envy and scorn reflect comparison. Envy may be defined as "I wish I had what you do (and I would like to take it away from you)." Scorn may be defined as "You are not worth my attention (and I wish you would go away)." Envy famously eats at the envious, linked with resentful rumination. It's not too good for the envied, either, because they may be targets of vio- lence. Tikewise, scorn scars the scornful because it makes them clueless about the people they ignore, becoming socially inept in relationships. And being scorned, of course, is no one's preference. If envy and scorn are so toxic, how do they poison us?This article will begin with background on the conceptual framework that informs our exploration, the Stereotype Content Model. Then I will sample three studies from our team's empirical examinations: one on status, and one each on scorn and envy. All is not bleak, however, because envy and scorn can change under the right circumstances.The Contents of Our StereotypesThe Stereotype Content Model3 describes our first reactions to strangers, either individuals (e.g., in a dark alley) or groups (e.g., a new wave of immi- grants). First, we need to know the other's intentions for good or ill, whether the other is friend or foe. If friend, then the other individual or group is warm, trustworthy, and friendly. (If foe, then not.) Second, we need to know whether the other can act on those intentions, that is, whether the other is competent, capable, and effective (or not). A competent foe is dangerous, but an incompetent foe can be safely ignored. A competent friend can help, whereas an incompetent friend needs help.The Stereotype Content Model (SCM) turns out to be remarkably useful in describing both society's shared map of social groups and individuals' impressions of other people. In technical terms, the two dimensions-per- ceived warmth and competence-account for upward of 80 percent of the variance in cultural stereotypes and individual impressions.4 Examining each quadrant of the warmth x competence, two-dimensional map illustrates why.In the low-low part of the space (see table 1 ) are those with allegedly no redeeming qualities, seen as neither warm nor competent. All over the world, poor people land in this part of the space, and in the U.S., homeless people and drug addicts do, too. People report feeling disgust and contempt toward them. In direct contrast, the groups viewed as high on both dimensions are us, ingroups, and societal reference groups for most Americans, such as the middle class and heterosexuals, and, in the U.S. especially, Christians. People report feeling proud of these groups. These kinds of us-them comparisons (e.g., middle-class people versus homeless people) have been the stuff of de- cades of research on intergroup relations.5The off-diagonal quadrants represent our lab's unique contribution; they contain the ambivalently viewed outgroups. Groups viewed as high on warmth but low on competence, for example, include older people and those with disabilities, either physical or mental. All over the world, people agree that these people are nice but incompetent. People report feeling pity and sympathy toward them, but these emotions are intrinsically ambivalent and, though well-intentioned, look down on the person. …


In this paper, a procedural approach for studying the feasibility of a restoration backbone is presented. The approach uses a Simulink model for the study of frequency and voltage dynamic behaviors in order to obtain a backbone simulation for different load scenarios. The method is then applied to a restoration path involving a portion of Italy transmission grid, focusing on the study of power-frequency behavior. Some details on the modeling of load and distributed generation are given, so to represent the real behavior of a primary substation in terms of active power transit.


The nature and disposal practices for municipal and utility sludges and ashes were studied. The study was primarily concerned with the sludges from municipal waste water, and water treatment plant, coal ash from power stations and grate residue from municipal incinerators. Each of these subject areas is presented in a separate report. Volume I of this series presents the summary for the results and conclusions developed for each of the subject areas. (GRA)


The time-invariant LQ (linear-quadratic) optimal regulator problem is studied from a view point of learning control based on a gradient method, and fast convergent learning is discussed. A key relation is that some important sensitivity functions related to the performance function of the unknown system are given by inner products of response signals. It is also shown that the matrix Riccati differense equation is rewritten by the sensitivity functions. A fast convergent learning algorithm to optimize the state feedback gains for the unknown system is derived on the bases of these relations. Its convergent condition and the convergent speed are given by those of the Riccati difference equation. From a numerical simulation for a discrete-time second order system, the system is stabilized typically within several steps of the system motion, and the gain is nearly optimized within 20-40 steps even if the original system is unstable.


Vaginal birth after caesarean section compared to a repeat caesarean has lower complication rate for both the parturient and her infant. Ruptured uterus is a major complication of Vbac and uterine rupture in a spontaneous labour after one prior lower transverse segment caesarean section is about 0.4%. The risk decreases by 50% after the first Vbac. The overall success rate of Vbac is between 52-80%, however in the West African sub region the success rate is almost 60%. A retrospective study was carried out between 1 st January 2011 to 31 st December 2012, on patients who were allowed Vbac within this period. Data was obtained from the delivery register, patients' case files and theatre register. Maternal complications evaluated include ruptured uterus, postpartum haemorrhage and perineal tears. Fetal outcomes were evaluated based on the APGAR scores at birth. Data on Age, Parity and Booking status of women in the study were also obtained. Analysis was done using SPSS version 16.0 software package 2007. X 2 test was used to test for significance and the results presented in form of tables. There were 12,775 deliveries during the study period and 204 women had Vbac giving a Vbac rate of 1.59%. The overall success rate of VBAC for the two years of the study was 45.1%. The success rate for Vbac in 2011 was 35.2% and for 2012 was 56.3% (X 2 =9.108, P=0.003). Vbac was more successful among booked patients (52.5%) compared to 34.5% in the unbooked patients (X 2 =6449, P=0.011). The rate of Vbac is low in our centre compared to reports elsewhere. Patients were better managed in 2012 leading to significantly improved success rate.


This article examines two major legal problem areas in franchising: deceptive practices in the selling of a franchise and unfair practices in the operation of a franchise system. Legal remedies for these deceptive and unfair practices are examined based on findings from an empirical study among state attorneys general.


The sequential polypeptides (L‐Arg‐X‐Gly)n, where X represents amino acid residues Ala, Val, and Leu, were prepared as models of arginine‐rich histones to be used in studying their structure and their interactions with DNA. The polymerization was carried out on the pentachlorophenyl active esters of the appropriate tripeptides, while the toluene‐4‐sulfonyl group was used for protecting the arginine guanido group. CD was employed to investigate the conformation of (L‐Arg‐X‐Gly)n polymers in aqueous solutions, at different pH, as well as in trifluoroenthanol and hexafluoroisopropyl alcohol solutions. In aqueous solutions (at pH 7 and 12) the prepared sequential polymers behaved as a random coil. The CD spectra in various trifluoroethanol–water or hexafluoroisopropyl alcohol–water mixtures indicated that the degree of helical conformation of the studied polytripeptides increased in the order of Ala → Val → Leu. The opposite was true for the β‐structure. Characteristics of β‐turn are excluded from the poly(L‐Arg‐L‐Leu‐Gly), which assumed the most pronounced helical conformation. The poly(L‐Arg‐L‐Val‐Gly) exerts a significant preference to the β‐turn structure compared to that of poly(L‐Arg‐L‐Ala‐Gly). Thus the probability for helical, β‐structure or β‐turn conformations of the polymers was analyzed in relation to the bulkiness and length, and to the special features of the X‐residue side chain (β‐branching). We concluded that the prepared sequential arginine‐containing polypeptides are plausible models for histone fractions, f3 and f2α1.


This paper presents a linear, robustly convergent interpolatory algorithm for system identification in the presence of bounded noise. The proposed algorithm converges to the actual, but unknown system in frequency domain in the noise free case and maintains the robust convergence result in the face of bounded noise. This robustness property distinguishes the proposed linear algorithm from other existing linear schemes.


Against the forest resources and problems of Ordos City afforestation field,a brief overview of the facing situation,objectives and measures of the existing forest resources protection and development of Ordos City afforestation field.


The article introduces the whitening mechanism of fluorescent whitening agent,and the main kinds of fluorescent whitening agents which have been used in paper industry.Focuses are on the application methods of the fluorescent whitening agents in papermaking wet-end,surface sizing and pigment coating.and the factors affecting their performance.


Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is considered a neuroimaging marker for MCI.

Objective: To evaluate the association between OSA, cognitive impairment and vessel disease.

Methods: We prospectively recruited individuals diagnosed through polysomnography with severe OSA (S; n=21), moderate OSA (M; n=18), and healthy individuals (H; n=9). Behavioral Data included screening tests with Montreal Cognitive assessment test (MOCA), Ineco Frontal Screening Test (IFS), Language by verbal fluency, Verbal Memory by selective memory verbal test, Attention executive by paced auditory serial addition test (PASAT), selective attention by digit symbol of WAIS, and executive functions like inhibition by Stroop test and Hayling test. Lesions in white matter was established through Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Results: The frequency of CSVD was higher in patients with OSA ((H=22%; M=38%; S=38%). Splitting the participants according to SVD, we found significant differences in cognitive parameters such LTMs (nonSVD=29; SVD=38, p=0.05) and PASAT (nonSVD=6.7; SVD=10.6 p=0.03). Data as mean ± SEM. LTMs scores varied according to the group (H=40±6; M=38±3 and S=28±3) with significant differences H vs S (p=0.04) and M vs S (p=0.02). Remaining cognitive measurements, between those groups were not different.

Conclusions: These preliminary findings suggest that mild cognitive impairment in patients with OSA is associated with CSVD


The concept of entropy plays a crucial role in information theory. Many authors obtained several properties of entropy and its various generalizations so far. The divergence measure was proposed to measure the inefficiency of taking an approximate distribution when the actual distribution is known. In reliability theory we often get random observations which are truncated in nature. The purpose of the thesis is to study properties of various information measures in truncated domain. First, we consider measures based on the probability density functions. These are Shannon's entropy, weighted Shannon's entropy, weighted generalized entropy, weighted Kullback-Leibler divergence and weighted generalized divergence. In these cases, we study various properties. Mainly, we obtain characterizations, inequalities, bounds, uncertainty orders and the effect of monotone transformations. Nonparametric classes based on monotonicity property of the uncertainty measures are introduced. The measures based on the density functions have some drawbacks. So, we consider weighted cumulative residual entropy, weighted cumulative entropy and their generalizations. These measures are based on the distribution function and the survival function. We obtain several characterizations. The importance of the characterization result is that it determines the distribution function uniquely under certain conditions. Always it is not an easy task to obtain a closed-form expression of the proposed measure. Therefore, we obtain various bounds and inequalities. The effect of monotone transformations is discussed. New uncertainty orders and classes of lifetime distributions are introduced. In addition, we propose estimators for the case of weighted extended cumulative residual entropy and weighted generalized cumulative entropy using empirical approach. Large sample property of the proposed estimators is studied. It is noticed that there are distributions such as power-Pareto and Govindarajulu which do not have closed-form distribution functions though these have closed-form quantile functions. Motivated by this, we consider quantile-based inaccuracy measure and its dynamic versions. Various results including characterization, effect of transformation and bounds are derived. Few examples are considered to illustrate the results.


Many social media platforms provide features for commenting, which often provide affordances for people to give feedback to others. Around the theme of advancing research about online comments, this workshop aims to bring together a diverse range of researchers for cross-discipline community building and especially dedicated time for productive, early mixed-methods research. The workshop is structured around a research "hackathon," where participants actively work on producing initial stages of research, theory, and design related to a central dataset (in the case of this workshop, public comments from a historical reddit.com corpus). Participants will form collaborative teams to tackle questions of interest that move forward current thinking around online comment behaviors, participants, quality, and design. The one-day workshop is led by 5 researchers, and it will accommodate up to 32 participants.


Late Middle and early Upper Ordovician rocks in the Mohawk Valley, NY, provide an excellent opportunity to study the history of an actively subsiding foreland basin. The Trenton Group and Utica Shale (Us) contain an extensive set of altered volcanic ash beds (K-bentonites) as well as a refined graptolite and conodont biostratigraphy. The authors have constructed a revised chronostratigraphic model. Preliminary studies demonstrate that the alternative correlations can be effectively tested by geochemical fingerprinting of the K-bentonites. These studies support the model proposed here. The correlations between the platform (Kings Falls, Sugar River, and Denley Limestones) and basinal (Us) lithofacies differ from earlier versions in several important respects: (1) the base of the Us is considerably older relative to the carbonates than formerly believed. The C. Americanus Zone is coeval with the Kings Falls Ls. and Sugar River Ls., rather than the lower Denley Ls. The O. Ruedemanni Zone encompasses the upper Sugar River Ls. and lower Denley Ls. It also spans the A. Tvaerensis-A. superbus conodont zonal boundary; (2) the Dolgeville Fm. has a very limited duration that falls largely within the O. ruedemanni interval and is not a persistent facies at the platform margin; (3) these relationships indicatemore » that the Us overstepped the Trenton carbonate platform in three distinct phases (during early Kirkfieldian, late Shermanian, and late Edenian to early Maysvillian time) and that the facies patterns shifted very little in the intervals between these episodes. This pulsed, west-ward spreading of synorogenic clastics raises important questions about the role of tectonic and eustatic controls on the basin's history as well as about the specific mechanism that caused the Trenton platform to subside.« less


digital forensics has become a prominent activity in crime investigation since computers are increasingly used as tools to commit crimes. During forensic investigation the digital devices such as desktops, notebooks, smart phones etc. found at the crime scene are collected for further investigation. Investigators have to go through humongous amount of data stored on these devices to gather evidence. This activity exceeds the expert's ability of analyzing and interpreting the data. In this context data mining techniques such as clustering are used for automated data analysis. This research work focuses on a novel document clustering model that allows an investigator to semantically cluster the documents stored on a suspect's digital devices with the help of subject suggestions initially provided to him. Providing subject suggestion improves the accuracy and speeds up the process of searching the evidence. Without subject suggestion, the investigators are heedless about the suspect's dataset and fail to give appropriate search query which may delay the process of investigation.


This paper proposes a attitude control method based on fuzzy control. Firstly, the basic model of quadrotor UAV is constructed, then the fuzzy PID controller based on fuzzy control strategy is introduced, and finally the simulation comparison experiments under PID control and fuzzy PID control are conducted. The experimental results show that the parameters of each link in the PID control method are easy to set, but the overshoot amount is large and the adjustment time is long; The simulation model of fuzzy PID control is relatively complex, and it is difficult to reach the predetermined expectation and difficult to accurately control. However, the output of overshoot, short regulation time and the waveform peak are small. In terms of anti-interference, fuzzy PID is more adaptive than PID control.


The effect of long-termintake of D-psicose on the gene expressions related to glucose utilizationwas studied. Expressions ofmRNAs for GLUT2 and glucokinase in the liver were markedly enhanced by the intake of dietary Dpsicose. Serum glucose concentration was lower and liver glycogen content was higher in rats fed D-psicose diet than in rats fed control diet. These results suggest that the long-term feeding of D-psicose enhances the glucose transport action and phosphorylation followed by the glycogen synthesis in hepatocyte, which prevents the elevation of the blood glucose level.


Introduction 1. Knowing love: the epistemology of Clarissa 2. The whore's love or the Magdalen's seduction 3. After knowledge: married heroines and seduction 4. Seduction in street literature 5. Melodramatic seduction: 1790s fiction and the excess of the real Bibliography.


In this paper, we propose a steering mirror based up-link receiver for indoor optical wireless communication systems. Experimental results show that the up-link bit rate can be increased by >85% and the error-free (BER<;10-9) beam footprint at 500Mbps can be improved by >39%.


art was that thrombin generation was normal in cirrhosis [3]. Whilst our paper was undergoing peer review, Tripodi et al. described enhanced thrombin generation using both thrombomodulin [7] and Protac [8]. The use of Protac, despite being unphysiological , is important because it is used routinely in coagulation laboratories in other assays. Hence, it is readily available and much cheaper than thrombomodulin, thus making this assay more feasible for day to day use. We welcome Tripodi et al. s use of Protac in their experiments, albeit using a different thrombin generation assay [8]. Finally, we agree with the conclusions of Tripodi that in contrast to the previously held belief, patients with advanced liver disease have normal and often enhanced thrombin generation, at least in patients with an INR of £2.0.


The present invention is to provide an increased allowable current, the pressure is reduced and the contact resistance of the mating through hole terminal connection structure and an electronic device. A body press-fit terminal (12) terminal (11), the width than thickness, cross-sectional area is increased, the allowable current can be increased. When the insert (20) projecting a plurality of through-hole portions (13), to have an oblong cross-sectional shape, it can be electrically connected to the corner portion (15) and an outer surface portion (16) and the like. An inner wall portion (22), which is opposed to the planar portion, capable of projecting portions (13) in contact with the flat surface of the outer surface (16). By surface contact with the contact only at the corner section is compared (15), the contact area can be obtained several times.


Simple Summary In a value chain, matching supply and demand is needed. Indeed, both vary widely in space and time. The first method of approaching this issue is homogenizing the supply of meat production. It depends on the possibility for farmers to limit the variability in biological processes by improving production conditions. Other marketing strategies are based on the management of animal heterogeneity. In these situations, farmers market a range of products and deal with several market channels. Abstract The technical processes used in sheep farming systems are elaborate and difficult to control. The result is a certain heterogeneity in marketed lambs. The aim of this study was to understand how farmers use their practices and modes of marketing to manage and exploit this heterogeneity. We analyzed livestock farming systems in Languedoc-Roussillon (South of France) through eight case studies. We characterize the heterogeneity of lambs during their growth and sale and how the farmers cope with this. Our analysis shows how this heterogeneity, whether intentionally created or merely endured, can be used to invest in different marketing chains. Heterogeneity not only offers adaptable farmers marketing opportunities, but also a method of managing production risks.


An algorithm is presented for partitioning a design in time. The algorithm devides a large, technology-mapped design into multiple configurations of a time-multiplexed FPGA. These configurations are rapidly executed in the FPGA to emulate the large design. The tool includes facilities for optimizing the partitioning to improve routability, for fitting the design into more configurations than the depth of the critical path and for compressing the critical path of the design into fewer configurations, both to fit the design into the device and to improve performance. Scheduling results are shown for mapping designs into an 8-configuration time-multiplexed FPGA and for architecture investigation for a time-multiplexed FPGA.


Temperature is a key parameter influencing the glass to metal sealing performance. Through simulation and experiment of sealing status with DM305 glass and Kovar alloy(sizes of ?5, ?10, ?20 mm×8 mm) under the sealing temperature of 960 and 980 ℃ ℃, the effective time needed for two kinds of sealing temperature conditions was analyzed. The influence laws of sealing were examined under the same sealing time for different temperatures. Results show that the sealing temperature of 980 ℃ can effectively shorten the sealing time, and make better combination between the glass and metal.


This study was to explore the relationship waiting service management of viewing for professional basketball games, receptivity and spectator satisfaction. For this, spectator in Jeonju KCC, Seoul SK, Changwon LG were surveyed. Except for 58 questionnaires, final 392 out of 450 ones was statistically managed and SPSS 18.0 and LISREL 8.80 were used for statistical analysis. The result of this research was as follows: First, the professional basketball spectator's perceived waiting time had significant influence on receptivity and caring for waiting time for spectator of professional basketball had significant influence on receptivity. But negative emotional responses of spectator of professional basketball did significant impact on receptivity. Second, the receptivity of spectator of professional basketball had significant influence on Spectator Satisfaction


With a steady growth of immigration in Finland, the current number of immigrants has reached nearly 6% of the total population. These immigrants have crossed cultural boundaries for a new home and better life in Finland, but often face the compound challenges of navigating a new culture while striving to function efficiently in an unfamiliar environment. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate new immigrants' acculturation in Finland. Previous studies have been focused on either refugees or returnees, so this study aims to produce an inclusive investigation of acculturation of on both forced and voluntary immigrants, as well as returnees who have engaged in the official integration plan in Finland. A total of eleven new immigrants were interviewed face-to face. The interview questions explored the general status of the immigrants prior to migration, their adjustment and adaptation in the host society, acculturative stress, the preference of acculturation strategy, and transformation reported through their individual experience and interaction with the host population during the initial phase of the migration process. The results of this study identified the acculturative stressors as Finnish language deficiency, employment, and dealing with the medical system. Discrimination was not considered as a significant issue. The preferred acculturation strategy was integration strategy among the participants. In the associated matter of the individual's cultural identity, the original background and nationality were the most important factor. The individuals' transformations of cultural schemas were modified depending on the cultural context, individual background, and societal characteristics.


OBJECTIVE
The authors demonstrate the case of a rare vulvar angiomyxoma in a 57-year-old female.

DESIGN
Case report.

SETTINGS
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty Charles Uni Prague and Faculty Hospital, Hradec Králové.

SUBJECT AND METHOD
A rare case of pedunculated angiomyxoma involving the vulva of a 57-year-old female is reported. Complete excision of the tumor was performed.

CONCLUSION
Angiomyxoma is a rare locally infiltrative neoplasm of the vulvovaginal region, perineum and pelvis. Notorious recurring after surgical resection is due to its infiltrative border that makes it difficult to attain a cleared margin at the time of resection.


Abstract Many studies have emerged in recent years examining the impact of the arts on educational outcomes, physical and mental health outcomes, local economies, and community well-being. Yet considerably less attention has been given to the impact that participation in the arts has on social behaviour that promotes a civil society. This study seeks to remedy this gap in the literature by examining the effect that both audience-based arts participation and direct participation in the arts have on three measures of civil society. We rely on data from the General Social Survey, which offers information on the arts participation behaviour of a random sample of adults living in the USA (n = 1.341). Multivariate analysis is used to estimate the effects of audience-based arts participation as well as personal participation in the arts (creating art) on three dimensions of civil society: Civic engagement, social tolerance, and other-regarding behaviour. We find strong evidence that the arts enhance civil society. Both audience-based participation in the arts and personal participation in creating art are linked to higher levels of civic engagement, higher levels of social tolerance on some dimensions of the measure, and higher levels of other-regarding behaviour. Our findings have important implications, in that they demonstrate a strong association between the arts and individual-level social outcomes that contribute to the health of civil society.


Continuously adjustable collimators have long been in use in photon radiation therapy. This has been possible because photons used in radiation therapy are rather easily absorbed in lead collimators with typical thicknesses of 10 cm or less, On the other hand, neutron collimators, which are customarily made of hydrogenous-materials, are rather long (60 to 90 cm). The use of high density materials has been generally shunned to avoid inducing long-lived radioactivity.


Non-magnetized bunched electron cooling of low energy RHIC requires electron beam energy in range of 1.6-2.6 MeV, with average current up to 45 mA, very small energy spread, and low emittance [1]. A 400 kV DC gun equipped with photocathode and laser delivery system will serve as a source of high quality electron beam. Acceleration will be achieved by an SRF 704 MHz booster cavity and other RF components that are scheduled to be operational in early 2018. The DC gun testing in its installed location in RHIC will start in early 2017. During this stage we plan to test the critical equipment in close to operation conditions: laser beam delivery system, cathode QE lifetime, DC gun, beam instrumentation, high power beam dump system, and controls. In this paper we describe the gun test set up, major components, and parameters to be achieved and measured during the gun beam test.


Author's note 1: Fig 1 p. 34 Item 5. Presently reads 'Grant in free alms by William Tison to Rufford Abbey (Cistercian) of land in 'Arthes' in Averham in East Riding of Yorkshire'. It should read 'Grant in free alms by William Tison to Rufford Abbey (Cistercian) of land in 'Arthes' in Averham, south west of the village of Kelham in Nottinghamshire'.


The present invention also exhibit viscosity and dielectric constant excellent in balance of acetonitrile and fluorine in containing non-aqueous liquid electrolyte containing an inorganic lithium salt, inhibit the production of the complex cation containing a transition metal and acetonitrile, and excellent high rate characteristics and together, and an object thereof is to provide a non-aqueous liquid electrolyte and non-aqueous secondary battery capable of suppressing the increase in the internal resistance when repeatedly charging and discharging cycles. The present invention relates to such non-aqueous liquid electrolyte containing the specific nitrogen-containing cyclic compound and a non-aqueous solvent, and a fluorine-containing inorganic lithium salts comprising acetonitrile, benzo triazolo representative.


Low frequency oscillations affect the dynamic stability of the power system adversely. Power system stabilizers (PSS) helps to damp out such low frequency oscillations and thereby increases stability. Conventional PSS helps to mitigate these oscillations to an extent. PSS tuned using evolutionary algorithms produce better results compared to the conventional PSS. In this paper, PSS is tuned using particle swarm optimization algorithm and firefly algorithm for a multi-machine system with and without renewable energy penetration. Kundur two area system is used for testing purpose. Test system is tested with and without PSS under faulty and faultless conditions with and without wind penetration and results are compared. Simulations are done using MATLAB/SIMULINK. Simulation results with both the algorithms were compared and it shows that the system with PSS tuned using PSO produce better results compared to the one tuned using Firefly algorithm.


The behaviour of children at mealtimes is a common source of stress for parents. Common toddler behaviours include running around while eating, wasting food and making a mess. Eating while running around increases the risk of choking. Making changes and teaching good table manners will take time.


The invention relates to a 3D printing forming method of a ceramic material. The 3D printing forming method adopts a direct forming method to carry out 3D printing forming on a clay material to obtain the ceramic material and comprises the following steps: with the utilization of the plasticity and the cohesiveness of the clay material, directly carrying out 3D printing forming on the ceramic material through a 3D printer to obtain a ceramic green body, and then sintering to obtain a ceramic product. The ceramic product producedby printing through the forming method has the advantages of low cost, high accuracy, simpleness in method and easiness in industrial production, promotes popularization and application of a 3D printing forming technology in life and has wide market prospect.


For over 100 years, the dominant method of blood pressure measurement in the clinic was the use of a stethoscope and sphygmomanometer. The "gold standard" mercury-filled sphygmomanometer was so ingrained in medical practice that its unit of measurement, millimetres of mercury (mm Hg), was one of


This paper collects a total of 541 groups of the RMB exchange rate to build the model of the Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH) for forecasting of RMB exchange rate against US dollar. The empirical results show that the GARCH models can fit the series well and the prediction effects of both the GARCH (1, 1) model and the GARCH-M model are good.


The analysis of the state, prospects and problems for the development of the coal mining complex in the area of the Baikal-Amur railway is carried out. The information on the developed and planned for the development of coal deposits in the region is presented. The market requirements for the quality of solid fuel are considered. It is shown that the current documents of the federal and regional levels, which determine the strategy of the enterprises that carry out or plan their work in the field of mining, enrichment and supply of coal to consumers, require additional approval and clarification. The systematic approach used allows us to identify such inconsistencies and consider the possibilities of correction. Measures are proposed to improve the efficiency of the coal complex enterprises. The problem of improving the efficiency and competitiveness of coal supply chains is considered. The role and place of quality management of coal products in order to achieve planned goals are indicated.


Type 1 diabetes is a chronic illness that affects millions of people. People with type 1 diabetes regularly collect multidimensional data which they use to improve their well-being. Such data often includes blood glucose levels, insulin administration, diet, and physical activity. Monitoring and analysis tools for diabetes care often include information visualizations to help people make sense of this complex data. However, we have only an incomplete understanding of the visualization design approaches used or any justifications for the final design. To address this gap, we surveyed 21 diabetes data analysis tools which use visualization. From this, we derived a design space that consists of data, views, and strategies. We also provide design considerations for future researchers, tool designers, and developers.


Current debates about European cultural and political identity suggest a need for closer investigation of the conceptions of Europe articulated in classical social theory. This article examines the conception held by the German sociological theologian and close colleague of Max Weber, Ernst Troeltsch. The article argues that in his writings on modernity, historicism and 'Europeanism' (Europaismus), Troeltsch qualifies Weber's vision of the 'universal significance and validity' of occidental rationalism by partly replacing Weber's abstract thematization of the occident by European cultural experiences in particular. Troeltsch here produces a more culturally localized and concretized account of the precise sense in which modernization processes accede to 'universal-historical' meaning. Troeltsch's clarification serves both as a precursor to contemporary thinking about multiple modernities and as a fund of counterresponses to the claims of recent post-colonial critics about malign Eurocentrism in social theory. His statements deserve to be read alongside those of contemporaries such as Simmel, Durkheim, Jaspers, Mannheim and Alfred Weber and reappraised in the light of current positions in comparative historical sociology and European philosophical self-understanding.


Plant based traditional medicine systems are playing a vital role for health care in both developing and developed countries. Ayurveda, the traditional Indian holistic medicine, uses plant derived products for cancer care, is not merely a system of medicine. Rather, it is a way of life. Even with great advancements in treatment and control of cancer, western medicine has significant deficiencies such as dose-limiting toxicity and drug resistance. Moreover, the enormous search for novel compounds is escalating, in which Ayurveda with its huge active compound repository can lend a hand to find new potential leads. Currently, global population is widely accepting the Ayurvedic medicine as the plant based treatments can rescue the patients from adverse side effects of western medicine. The Ayurvedic science is believed to add a step on to the curative aspects of cancer and lead to healthy living by fostering healthy cells in addition to controlling/killing the cancer cells. The scientific evidence of Ayurvedic medicine is increasing, and a number of plants used in Ayurveda have scientifically proven to possess anticancer effects. In this editorial, we emphasize on combining the modern western and traditional medicines such as holistic Ayurveda which would be of great advantage to manage symptoms, control side-effects and improve the state of mental wellbeing. This integrated approach would make the cancer patients live and not just to exist.


Abstract Biogeochemical maps determined from the distribution of sparsely sampled cadmium have been improved by the incorporation of more densely sampled zinc with which it is correlated and by the...


In this paper we propose a new trajectory control law for robot arms using sliding mode control and report several experimental results and related problems. Many researchers have proposed sliding mode algorithms for the trajectory control of robot arms. However, there is no explicit algorithm that needs no inverse inertia matrix calculation. Furthermore, there are few papers treating the experimental results. Therefore, this paper should be useful to engineers studying these fields.


Extraction technology of carotenoids in ginkgo residue was studied with solvent extraction.Effects of solvent species and different solvent ratios,ratio of material to liquid,extraction temperature and extraction time on extraction rate of carotenoids were investigated by single factor and orthogonal test.The optimum extraction conditions was revealed:ratio of acetone to petroleum ether was 1:2,ratio of material to liquid was 1:20,2h extraction time for two times at 67.5℃.Under these conditions,the extraction ratio of carotenoids was up to 119.25μg/g.The extractive of carotenoids could be separated into three fractions by gradient elution,the fraction washed down by petroleum ether mainly contains β-carotene proved by the analysis of UV-VIS spectrum and high performance liquid chromatography.The extraction and separation technology could offer a new way of re-use for ginkgo residue to obtain some natural carotenoids.


In any multiple judge court, one of the basic organizational issues is the distribution of the court's workload. Within federal courts, this issue has been resolved in favor of the individual calendar system. Under this system cases are assigned on a random basis to each of the judges' calendars. The assignment systems are designed so that the mix of cases going to each of the judges is equal in both the number of cases and (roughly) the amount of judicial work involved. Once assigned to the calendar of a particular judge, the case generally remains on that calendar. The judges are thus made re sponsible for the entire processing of the case from filing to disposition.


Electrochemical techniques including impedance spectroscopy are routinely used to test the performance of AMTEC electrodes. These experiments may be carried out in an actual AMTEC cell. or in an sodium exposure test cell SETC where the sodium pressure and the temperature are identical at both the anode and cathode. These tests reveal details of electrode material grain growth, electrode decomposition and reaction of electrode materials with the sodium beta″ alumina solid electrolyte. Tests of the same sort may be used to examine the compatibility of metals and sodium beta″ alumina under simulated AMTEC operating conditions. Preliminary tests comparing rhodium/tungsten, molybdenum, titanium and vanadium electrodes are reported.


We address the problem of estimating the state of a nonlinear dynamic system with Lipschitz nonlinearities, both with and without the presence of disturbances acting on the system. Two types of stability are addressed for the estimation error's dynamics: internal stability (e.g., asymptotic and exponential stability) and input-output stability with respect to L/sub p/ spaces of signals. Several results on the relationships about such concepts of stability are established.


Recently, in order to eliminate the use of certificates in certified public key cryptography and the key-escrow problem in identity based cryptography, the notion of certificateless public key cryptography was introduced. There have been several proposals for certificateless public key cryptography. In this paper, to construct a simple generic certificateless signature(CLS) model, we reconstruct the definition and security model and revisit the previous works.


COPYRIGHT © 2023 Louis. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. Commentary: Time trends in the incidence of essential tremor: Evidences from UK and France primary care data


Enrichment strategies are designed for the pretreatment of low-abundance glycans and glycopeptides prior to mass spectrometric (MS) analysis. Here, tip-based strategy is being reported for the enrichment of glycopeptides and glycans using piperazine modified polymeric monolithic tip. The tip is fabricated using the free radical polymerization. Fast separation (2 min) is achieved under optimized conditions with 20 cycles per step of loading, incubation, washing and elution followed by MALDI-MS analysis. A total of 25, 22 and 34 glycopeptides covering all glycosylation sites are enriched by the modified tips from tryptic digests of horse radish peroxidase, chicken avidin, and human immunoglobulin G, respectively. Piperazine exhibits high selectivity 1:400 horse radish peroxidase: bovine serum albumin, sensitivity to 100 attomoles, recovery 89.51% and batch to batch reproducibility (RSD >1) in glycopeptides enrichment. Piperazine tips also enrich glycans from ovalbumin and human immunoglobulin G. High selectivity (1:1200, ovalbumin: BSA) and detection limit of 100 attomole is attained for glycans and furthermore 58 glycans are enriched from human serum. Thus, piperazine tips can be used as an enrichment tool for swift, cost effective routine analysis of biological sample for separation of glycopeptides and glycans.


This paper presents the Danish KOM project (KOM: Competencies and the Learning of Mathematics), initiated by the Ministry of Education and other official bodies in order to create a platform for in-depth reform of Danish mathematics education, from school to university. The author of the paper was appointed as the director of the project. Its final report was published in October 2002. The fundamental idea of the project is to base the description of mathematics curricula primarily on the notion of a "mathematical competency", rather than on syllabi in the traditional sense of lists of topics, concepts, and results. This allows for an overarching conceptual framework which captures the perspectives of mathematics teaching and learning at whichever educational level. "One should ask whose knowledge is best, not who knows the most" (Montaigne, "On pedagogy", in Essays, 1st Book, Chapter 25 [26])


In order to meet the needs of interrupt sharing,designed and completed a hardware interrupt cards based on PCI bus interface.By using CH365-chip,the 32-bit high-speed PCI bus converted into a simple-to-use similar to the ISA bus 8-bit parallel interface,while achieving the shared interrupt.By designing an external circuit to test the performance of interrupt,the effect is perfect.At present,this card has been successfully applied to the teaching experiment were.


A 4-yr-old boy with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in remission developed an encephalopathy following an attenuated measles infection. He was treated with interferon and further deterioration was halted. Three weeks after interferon treatment was stopped, leukaemic blast cells reappeared in his peripheral blood and he died shortly thereafter. Aspects of diagnosis and treatment of this syndrome are discussed now that the presumptive clinical diagnosis is made more frequently.


Sodium or magnesium amalgam reductions of tetrahydrofuran solutions of [MH(PEt3)3][BPh4](M = Pt or Pd), or of toluene solutions of [PtH(Cl)(PEt3)2] in the presence of an excess of PEt3, produce hydrogen and [Pt(PEt3)3] or Pd metal. The mechanism of the reaction is discussed and [Ru(bipy)3]2+*(bipy = 2,2′-bipyridyl) is shown not to reduce [PdH(PEt3)3]+ in aqueous solution. The compound [Pd(PEt3)3] dissolves in buffered or acidic water to produce [PdH(PEt3)3]+ although it is less nucleophilic than [Pt(PEt3)3]. In the presence of chloride ion at low pH, [PdH(Cl)(PEt3)2] is formed in high yield.


Monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition disease (MIDD) nearly always has renal involvement and frequently leads to end stage renal failure (ESRF). Renal transplantation is not usually considered due to an almost universal recurrence of the disease and poor survival of the renal allograft. We report the case of a 36-year-old female who was treated with induction chemotherapy followed by high dose melphalan and autologous stem cell transplantation and subsequently received a live related renal transplant from her sister. She had no rejection or major post transplant complications, and showed no signs of recurrence of disease after over 2 years of follow up. Our case suggests this mode of therapy could be considered in carefully selected patients with ESRF due to MIDD.


A modified security model based on dynamic trusted degree security model MSMBDTD(modified security model based on dynamic trusted degree) was proposed.Based on the trusted authentication and measurement of trusted computing,MSMBDTD first gave definition of trusted degree rule.Then it analyzed dynamic transformation of trusted degree in the course of system running.And also it modified access privilege of subject,which made access range be in conformance with trusted degree.Finally,after formal description and safety analysis with proof are given,MSMBDTD can support access control based on trusted degree.


Dear Sir, We read with great interest the article by Ikeura et al. assessing the efficacy of the prognostic factor score in the Japanese severity criteria for acute pancreatitis (AP). By analyzing 1159 patients with severe AP, they showed that the area under the curve (AUC) for the receiver-operating characteristic curve of the prognostic factor score for predicting AP-related mortality was 0.78, which was comparable to that for the wellknown acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) II score (AUC1⁄4 0.80). One weakness of their study is that mild AP cases were not included in the analysis due to the study design. In addition, severity assessment using the nine factors might be too complicated. In Japan, the Research Committee of Intractable Pancreatic Diseases, under the support of the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare of Japan, has conducted nationwide epidemiological surveys of AP including both severe and mild cases every 4–5 years. We recently reported that four (base excess or shock, renal failure, systemic inflammatory response syndrome criteria and age) out of the nine prognostic factors were associated with AP-related death by multivariate analysis in the 2011 survey. Here, we validated the utility of the severity assessment system based on these four factors in 3682 AP cases collected for the 2003 (285 cases), 2007 (1146 cases), and 2011 (2251 cases) surveys. We performed receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis to evaluate the predictive accuracy of the prognostic factor scores for mortality. The AUC was 0.80 for the nine prognostic factors. If the cut-off point was set at score1⁄4 3 as adopted currently, the sensitivity was 0.47 with a specificity of 0.93. The AUC for predicting mortality was 0.78 for the four prognostic factors, suggesting the comparable utility of these four factors in the severity assessment. The sensitivity was 0.53 with a specificity of 0.92 if the cut-off point was set at score1⁄4 2. If we define the patients fulfilling at least two out of the four prognostic factors as severe, 342/3682 (9.3%) patients had severe AP. The mortality of severe AP cases was 17.3% (59/342), whereas that of mild AP cases was 1.6% (52/3340) (Figure 1). If we choose only two factors (renal failure and age) that showed a stronger association with AP-related mortality among the four factors, the AUC was decreased to 0.72. The sensitivity was 0.22 with a specificity of 0.98 if the cut-off point was set at score1⁄4 2. Our results suggested that severity assessment using the four prognostic factors was equivalent to the current Japanese severity criteria employing nine factors. Accurate assessment of severity in patients with AP is


One question that the Supreme Court considered in Middlesex County Sewerage Authority v. National Sea Clammers Association' was whether a private group of fishermen could recover damages under federal law for business injuries allegedly caused by pollution of New York Harbor and adjacent waters. Plaintiffs argued, among other theories of recovery, that a private cause of action should be implied from the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (FWPCA)2 and from the Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act of 1972 (MPRSA). 3 The Supreme Court concluded, however, that the comprehensive private enforcement remedies of these Acts precluded implied private remedies for their violation.4 Although the plaintiffs had not sought to state a cause of action under 42 U.S.C. § 1983-which authorizes private damages actions for intrusions on federal constitutional and statutory rights committed under color of state law--the Court went on to consider the availability of such a remedy, holding that it also was precluded by the public and private enforcement remedies of the Acts. 6 The Sea Clammers opinion reflects the development of two important trends: the Court's increasing reluctance to find that a private cause of action should be implied from a federal statute,7 and the ascendancy of


: Robotics is the study of robot. It is a mechanical intelligent agent which can perform tasks on its own guidelines. Robot is usually an electro-mechanical machine which is guided by computer and electronic programming. Robots can be autonomous or semiautonomous and come in those two basic types which are used for research into human-like systems, such as ASIMO and TOPIO. In this concept we are specifying the robot controlling by using microcontroller which have some specific instructions that will operate robot with using sensors. Sensor will provide the activity of robot and also using for controllability of robot at any distance with radio frequency. This robot will operate at any voltage and power will generate through magnetic field and all the operations will be operated through the transmitting end. Receiver end will receive the instructions and send to accumulator of microcontroller for executing the task. This work is an overview of protocols in wireless sensor networks applied in the field of swarm robotics. The modeling of swarm intelligence resembles the social behavior and the optimization is done according to the application. Keyword-: Robotics, ASIMO, TOPIO, Microcontroller, Wireless Sensor, Magnetic field, GSM or Network. Introduction In swarm robotics, the Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are deployed with autonomous nodes at large number with sensing capabilities, interfaces for communication which are mobile and helps to interact with the environment. WSNs are widely employed in surveillance, healthcare, building control, object tracking, etc., In general, WSNs, aggregate the sensed data and it is used for statistical inference utilized in different way, resulting in different network architectures based on the application implemented. The modern definition of a robot can be an electro-mechanical device which follows a set of instructions to carry out certain jobs, but literally robot means a 'slave'. Robots find wide application in industries and thus are called there as industrial robots and also in sci-fi movies as humanoids. This and coming articles will provide an introduction to the Robotics. Robots are known to perform tasks automatically without much human intervention, except for initial programming and instruction set being provided to them. Challenges Faced During the Design of Routing Protocols for WSN-: During the design of the WSN many challenges are faced as it has tiny nodes with lesser bandwidth, limited non rechargeable battery, little memory and with small bandwidth allocation. As a common node sink transmission connected to thousands of nodes has to transfer every bit that has huge data which has to maintain the redundant information with greater bandwidth and transmission power. The main challenges are: 1) Automaticity and self organization 2) Minimal memory and computational components 3) Energy efficiency 4) Scalability 5) Characteristics of Traffic patterns matching the architecture 6) Support for the aggregation of network dat Routing Protocol Taxonomy It is mainly classified in four categories: 1) Data-Centric: No requirement of ID's for each node and follows multi-hop based transmission of data. 2) Hierarchical: Divide into small clusters and cluster node will be acting as a Intermediate. 3) Location based: Using the position of the node the data is retrieved thereby making network efficient. 4) QoS aware: multi constrained requests based transmission


Video display content can be extended to the walls of the living room around the TV using projection. The problem of providing appropriate projection content is hard for the computer and we solve this problem with deep neural network. We propose the peripheral vision system that provides the immersive visual experiences to the user by extending the video content using deep learning and projecting that content around the TV screen. The user may manually create the appropriate content for the existing TV screen, but it is too expensive to create it. The PCE (Pixel context encoder) network considers the center of the video frame as input and the outside area as output to extend the content using supervised learning. The proposed system is expected to pave a new road to the home appliance industry, transforming the living room into the new immersive experience platform.


Possibility of growth retardant application on tropical turfgrass to substitute or to reduce mowing intensities, while keeping the root growth, was studied. An experiment to study the effect of six level (0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0 kg/ha in 1,000 l solution/ha) of paclobutrazol application on shoot and root growth was set up.  The result showed that within 10 - 66 days after application paclobutrazol retarded shoot growth. A tolerable visual damage occurred on turfgrass treated with 0.5 - 1.0 kg paclobutrazol/ha and more severe ones occurred when treated with 2.0 or more kg paclobutrazol. One advantage of paclobutrazol application occurred in this experiment was that the root growth was not affected by this PGR application while the shoot growth was suppressed.  Paclobutrazol application changed turfgrass morphology and anatomy. Microscopic observation showed that increment of stem diameter might due to the increment in cell and pith size. Relative size (in diameter) of 10 cells around the pith of 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 kg paclobutrazol/ha were 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, and 1.4 respectively.


The article analyzs the formation present situation after illustrating the meaning of the "overpass"on theory in higher education. Tentative idea to form the "overpass"in higher education is suggested.


A mixed 0 to 1 integer programming model is proposed for determining the required number of inland ports, their locations and sizes. The characteristics of the model are explored. The proposed inland port-location model is also compared with the standard capacitated warehouse-location model. In addition, computational experience with the proposed model is discussed.


The purpose of this study was to determine whether the therapeutic efficacy of fenretinide (4‐HPR), a ceramide‐generating anticancer agent, could be enhanced in prostate cancer cells by inclusion of a novel synthetic acid ceramidase (AC) inhibitor, DM102, a pivaloylamide of a 2‐substituted aminoethanol. In prostate cancer, AC plays a role in progression and resistance to chemotherapy.


NCTLEs showed bidirectional propagation of ictal discharge to the mesial temporal and further neocortical structures, and that clinical seizures were consistent with neocortical involvement. For example, different seizure types such as postural seizures were observed on videomonitoring when the mesial temporal lobe showed ictal activity. The difficulty of NCTLE diagnosis seems to be caused by this bidirectional connection and variable seizure symptoms. It was reported that a purely anatomic d i shc tion between NCTLE and MTLE was inadequate, and that a more precise definition of NCTLE was necessary (Walczak, Epilepsia 1994;36: 633-5). This distinction was important for epilepsy surgery because the extent of lateral temporal lobe resection was planned based on lateral neocortical involvement. Although intracranial recordings from the entire cerebral cortex are impossible (Walczak, 1994), lateral neocortical ICE placement, as well as mesial temporal ICE, is necessary when NCTLE is suspected. This preliminary study indicated that the characteristic propagation pattern of ictal discharge of NCTLE is useful for diagnosis, but that more detailed studies with ICE should be performed to establish the clinical entity. Propagation of ictal discharge of NCTLE was bidirectional to the mesial temporal lobe and into the lateral neocortex. Video-ECoG monitoring demonstrated various seizure types that were more consistent with neocortical than with mesial temporal semiology during propagation of the ictal discharge in patients with NCTLE.


Predictors for a reintervention following a successful first re-do surgical revascularization (CABG) were examined. Success and limitations of the reintervention procedures were evaluated. Between 3/88 and 3/95, 16.81% (30211796) patients who had undergone a first re-do CABG surgery in the authors' center, required a reintervention. Graft angioplasty was performed in 158 (52.32%) patients and a second re-do CABG in 47.68% (n = 144). Graft angioplasty was preferred over surgery in patients aged 70 years or older (43% versus 24.3%. P < 0.001) and in patients with unstable angina (55.6% versus 33.3%, NS) or a Left Ventricular Gjection Fraction (LVEF) < 30% (34.8% versus 20%, P < 0.05). Re-do CABG was preferred over graft angioplasty for multivessel revascularization (3 ± 0.3 versus 1 ± 0.6, P < 0.001), proximal occlusive disease (P < 0.001) and for graft disease of a longer duration (7.18 ± 1.7 years versus 3 ± 0.6 years, P < 0.01). The independent predictors of a reintervention were (i) lack of arterial revascularization and (ii) inability to achieve a complete revascularization in a previous operation. The predictors of a failed graft angioplasty were diameter stenosis > 70%. long occlusive lesions (multivariate), angulation, calcification and asymmetrical lesions (univariate). Failed graft angioplasty required are-do CABG (n = 48: early 21. late 27). repeat graft angioplasty (n = 34: early 8. late 26) or transplant (n = 1). Recurrent symptoms following a second re-do CABG required a graft angioplasty (n = 6: early 2. late 4), a SUbsequent re-do CABG (n = 32) or a transplant (n = 4). Cumulative incidence of cardiac events at 1 month. and 1 and 8 years were: 20, 40.45 and 66.44% following graft angioplasty and 5.5. 10 and 56.55% following a second re-do CABG, respectively (P < 0.05). Actuarial survival at 1 month and 6 years following graft angioplasty were 97.15 and 77.22%, and 94.7 and 83.26% after a second re-do CABG. respectively (NS). Re-do CABG was more effective and durable. Graft angioplasty provided a good palliation In suitable cases and also postponed the need for a high-risk surgical intervention for more favorable conditions. © 1999 The International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery. Published by Elsevier SCience Ltd. All rights reserved.


A six-inch condensate pipeline's integrity was checked using an intelligent pig in November, 1995. The paper describes the detailed planning that was required to prove and clean the previously-unpigged 47-km long pipeline, and ow the well-laid contingency plans for a cut-out paid off when a previously-unknow damaged section had to be replaced in order to complete the pigging programme. The pig run highlighted a minor defect and the repair was carried out in July, 1996. Revalidation was agreed in September, 1996, and a larger pump was able to be installed and commissioned ready for the production from the Schooner field in the North sea in early October the same year.


ABSTRACT The best two morphogenesis pathways in Iranian Cumin landraces were optimized in this experiment. The first method is based on callus induction from zygotic embryo extracted from mature seeds and the second method includes direct somatic embryogenesis without callus phase and regeneration to stem. Both methods led finally to development of whole plantlets. Various concentrations of plant growth regulators (0.0, 0.1 mg/l BAP, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 mg/l NAA and 0.2, 0.4 mg/l IAA) in twelve hormonal compositions on B5 medium were used. The experiment was conducted as factorial based on completely randomized design (CRD) with 8 replications (8 Petri dishes) and 5 explants per each Petri dish. Khorasan landrace showed the best response with both pathways exhibiting high callus production (27.5%) and direct shoot regeneration (67.7%).


This study involves the construction of a three-dimensional (3D) geologic model of Paleozoic strata that are part of an underground gas storage field in northern, Illinois, USA. The Pecatonica Anticline trends 60W and plunges gently to the southeast. It is 10 km long and 3 km wide, and verges to the NE. Six water wells and 22 gas wells were used to create the 3-D geologic model in Petrel using well tops as determined from wire-line logs. The following horizons were created for the Cambrian and Ordovician strata: the Ancell, Trempealeau, Franconia, Ironton-Galesvilles, Eau Claire Proviso A and B, Eau Claire Proviso C "Ligthsville (top), and Eau Claire Proviso C "Lightsville (bottom). The horizons, edges, and intersections were then color-coded and an initial model was created. In the model area, the "Lightsville", which is the principal layer used for gas storage, has about 10 m of closure over 0.80 Km2 with a volume 199x10-3 km3. No faults or other structural discontinuities that may influence gas migration are evident in the model area.


We present a systematic approach to derive fundamental-measure theory free-energy functionals for hard disks and hard spheres, entirely from the exact free energy in the zero-dimensional limit of a narrow cavity which cannot hold more than one molecule. The functionals are within the generic class that includes the previous successful versions, but have the remarkable property to yield the exact functional for quasi-one-dimensional density distributions.


Summary The influence of β2-glycoprotein-I on the cyclic nucleotide content in human gel filtered platelets (GFP) was studied: 1) β2-G-I up to a concentration of 5 mg/ml does not alter the basal cAMP level in resting GFP and also does not influence the action of PGE1 which strongly inhibits platelet aggregation by elevation of cAMP. 2) Collagen induced aggregation of GFP leads to an increase of the platelet cGMP content. Preincubation of GFP with 0.2 mg/ml of β2-G-I enhances significantly the cGMP increase by collagen. 3) In a similar manner β2-G-I also amplifies the increase in cGMP concentration induced by ADP. In this case, a concomitant alteration of the aggregation pattern is observed. 4) Thrombin produces a much higher cGMP elevation in GFP than ADP or collagen. The admixture of 0.2 mg/ml of β2-G-I is not able to enhance further the thrombin effect on cGMP. The results are discussed in view of the possible significance of these observations for platelet aggregation in vivo.


SIR,-Boldly authoritative, Mr. John A. Stallworthy's letter (21 August, p. 476) criticizing your leading article (31 July, p. 249) appears a little unmerited. Admittedly mostly constructive, his remarks seem to overlook your main purpose, which was to draw the attention of your readers to a device for controlling conception, of which as yet most of them in this country will have had little practical experience. Very brief comparison with the contraceptive pill was scarcely avoidable as regards relative usefulness in underdeveloped countries. Conditions in Ethiopia, not perhaps one of the emergent countries where mass contraception is yet required, are probably typical of those in some other parts of the world where it is needed. When, for instance, as in that country, population 22 million, there are more than 50 languages, only three of them written, and most of them mutually incomprehensible, with more than 95% of the population illiterate,. it is plain nonsense to expect much success yet from using the contraceptive pill: Its usefulness, quite apart from ensuring adequate regular supplies in geographically remote areas, calls for detailed instructions to each individual using it. Far better, as you intimate, a device should be used requiring no careful explanation, and, like vasectomy, no further co-operation by the woman or her husband. Mr. Stallworthy's sporting analogy is apt but inappropriate. His letter might, however, raise one further point as regards methods of contraception in this country. If for practical purposes the device and the oral tablet largely replace the older simpler methods, their use on a large scale would appear to warrant offering better facilities to medical officers in charge of birth-control clinics within out-patient departments of general hospitals. Understandably, widespread adoption of these would meet with considerable opposition, lay and professional, but more suitable premises than many now available seem imperative as the newer methods become more complicated and the older ones outmoded.-I am, etc.,


The carbonate sands of the Sabkha layer in the Middle East have very low shear strength. Therefore, instant settlement and time-dependent secondary settlement occur when inner voids are exposed, as in the case of particle crushing. We analyzed settlement of the Sabkha layer under a large-scale foundation by hydrotesting, and compared the field test results with the results of laboratory tests. With ongoing particle crushing, we observed the following stress-strain behaviors: strain-hardening (Sabkha GL-1.5 m), strain-perfect (Sabkha GL-7.0 m), and strain-softening (Sabkha GL-7.5 m). General shear failure occurred most frequently in dense sand and firm ground. Although the stress-strain behavior of Sabkha layer carbonate sand that of strain-softening, the particle crushing strength was low compared with the strain-hardening and strain-perfect behaviors. The stress-strain behaviors differ between carbonate sand and quartz sand. If the relative density of quartz sand is increased, the shear strength is also increased. Continuous secondary compression settlement occurred during the hydrotests, after the dissipation of porewater pressure. Particle crushing strength is relatively low in the Sabkha layer and its stress-strain behavior is strain-softening or strain-perfect. The particle crushing effect is dominant factor affecting foundation settlement in the Sabkha layer.


Copyright © 2019 by author(s) and International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Journal. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/4.0) ABSTRACT With expanding number of users, the demand for better technology also increases. The fifth Generation 5G technology would be one of the best technologies to meet the need of increased capacity demand, massive connectivity better speed by using the large amount of spectrum in the millimeter wave band, with 5G it is expected to get 80-100 Mbps speed. The need for 5G technology, methodology designing of antenna and various simulations is offered. The micro strip patch antenna is used here in 5G technology is relatively inexpensive to manufacture and design because of its simple physical geometry. Micro strip Patch Antenna shows multi-band characteristics and has a compact structure and hence has emerged as a promising candidate for handheld devices the proposed idea is implemented by using HFSS software which is used for antenna designing.


A real-time temperature detection circuit with 0.1°C accuracy is presented. The temperature sensor is composed by a current controlled oscillator (ICO). Its oscillating frequency is proportional to the temperature but independent with the power supply. The frequency change will be digitised by a counter and thus realise the temperature detection. The detection accuracy is limited by the linearity of ICO. In order to improve temperature detection accuracy, a temperature segmentation algorithm is proposed. The temperature sensor is implemented with 0.18 μm CMOS technology and the core area is 0.023 mm2. The power consumption of the proposed sensor is 0.3 mW with 1.8 V supply. Experimental results show that this sensor can detect the temperature from −40 to 125°C with 0.1°C accuracy and the detection error is within ±0.8°C.


We define an integer valued invariant for two-component links in S^3 by counting projective SU(2) representations of the link group having non-trivial second Stiefel-Whitney class. We show that our invariant is, up to sign, the linking number of the link. Our construction generalizes that of X.-S. Lin who defined a similar invariant for knots in S^3; his invariant equals half the knot signature.


The growing convergence among mobile computing devices and smart sensors boosts the development of ubiquitous computing and smart spaces, where localization is an essential part for realizing the big vision. Due to their large size, high cost, and high power consumption, the current widely accepted outdoor localization methods based on GPS and cellular techniques are not suitable for tracking numerous small size and limited power objects. In this paper, we present Scout, an easy-setup and cost- effective outdoor localization system based on off-the- shelf active RFID systems and a probabilistic localization algorithm, which is compatible with the future smart spaces and ubiquitous computing systems. The proposed algorithm is robust to measurement uncertainty and self-adjustive to varying outdoor environments. Using MATLAB simulations, we investigate the system performance dependence on a number of system and environmental parameters. The simulation results prove that the proposed system is an accurate and cost-effective candidate for outdoor localization.


Tayma long ranked among the important cities of pre-Islamic Arabia, not least for its brief tenure as the royal residence of the Neo-Babylonian king Nabonidus in the mid-6th century B.C. Together with Dedan (al'Ula), Tayma formed an important staging point in the western Arabian overland trade of the 1st millennium B.C., a geographical and economic reality which goes far toward accounting for the importance of both centers to the northern participants of that trade. Despite the apparent importance of Tayma to the history of both Syro-Palestine and Mesopotamia of the 1st millennium B.C., comparatively little reliable information about the city appears in scholarly literature. Until very recently, published knowledge of Tayma came from accounts of travellers and antiquarian explorers, the latter establishing the invaluable corpus of pre-Islamic inscriptions of the Hejaz. Beyond recalling the fundamental works of Huber and Euting in the last quarter of the 19th century, ofjaussen and Savignac in the first decades of the present century, and of Phil by more recently, the history of these explorations or the interpretation of their findings need not be reviewed here, as this task has been accomplished in numerous places (see e.g. Grohmann 1963). More recent scholarly undertakings at Tayma have largely been an extension of the previous pattern, with focus largely on epigraphical finds, a result both of professional inclination and of constraints in time and access on more ambitious projects (e.g. the Winnett and Reed explorations and the R. Stiehl visits of the 1960's). One project of a somewhat different nature, and of greater significance to the present inquiry, was S. A. Rashid's visit to Tayma and concomitant work on museum collections in the late 1960's and early 1970's, about which he published several papers, including one dealing with the painted pottery of the site (Rashid 1980). This myopic approach was changed, if only in a preliminary way, by the 1979 Tayma project, sponsored by the Saudi Arabian Department of Antiquities, which attempted to construct a culture historical framework for the city by a field program of extensive site survey combined with intensive examination of selected architectural units. The results of this field study are presented as a preliminary report in the Saudi journal Atial (Bawden et al. Ig80). Since that time several further discussions of these results have appeared (Bawden 1g8 I


Efficient UAV path-planning algorithms significantly improve inspection efficiency and reduce costs. However, due to the limitation of battery capacity, the endurance of existing UAVs is limited, making it difficult for them to directly undertake information collection, cruising, and inspection tasks over large work areas. This paper considers the problem of path allocation for multiple UAVs to minimize work time and reports research on multi-UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) multi-task long-duration operation path planning. We propose a multi-UAV collaborative search algorithm based on the greedy algorithm (MUCS-GD) and a multi-UAV collaborative search algorithm based on the binary search algorithm (MUCS-BSAE), and later apply two UAV collaborative search algorithms to five UAV flight paths: (1) a snake curve path, (2) a "square wave signal" curve path, (3) a Peano curve path, (4) a Hilbert curve path, and (5) a Moore curve path, and compare the simulation results. We found that the performance of MUCS-BSAE was better than that of MUCS-GD in all of the above flight paths. In addition, the path with the "square wave signal" curve was the near-optimal path among all the flight paths. Finally, we improved the MUCS-BSAE applied on the "square wave signal" curve path and obtained an improved collaborative search algorithm for multiple UAVs based on the binary search algorithm (IMUCS-BSAE), which further reduced the working time of the UAV.


The antibacterial action of silver-supported B_2O_3-SiO_2-Na_2O glass on Escherichia coli was studied by microcalorimetry. The parameters, such as growth rate constant k and inhibitory ratio I, were obtained. The results indicated that the silver-supported B_2O_3-SiO_2-Na_2O glass had an excellent antibacterial action.


The invention relates to a vessel damage control technology and particularly relates to a damage control robot and a damage control method. The invention solves the problem that the existing damage control method can not reduce the loss to the minimum. The damage control robot comprises a main control cavity, two mechanical leg power sections, mechanical legs, adsorption foot power sections, adsorption feet, a mechanical large arm power section, mechanical large arms, mechanical small arm power sections, mechanical small arms, mechanical clamping jaws, sensors and a cable coil with a steel wire rope, wherein a main control chip is installed in the main control cavity; each of the front end and rear end of the main control cavity is in a streamline shape; the two mechanical leg power sections are respectively installed at the front part and rear part of the outer bottom surface of the main control cavity; and the signal input ends of the two mechanical leg power sections are connected with the signal output end of the main control chip. The damage control robot and the damage control method are suitable for vessel damage control, and a new robot use field is expanded.


: Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) is a large, deep bodied fish and can tolerate all types of water. Fish skin mucus comprises numerous immune substances that provide defense against a wide spectrum of pathogens. The present research project is designed to study the binding of fish mucus isolated from common carp with silver nanoparticles. The characterization was done through FTIR and UV visible spectrophotometer. The peak of mucus based silver nanoparticles was higher than that of crude mucus extract in UV-visible spectrum. The FTIR spectra showed different functional groups such as alkanes, alkyl halides and amines. The different biological activities like antimicrobial, antioxidant and antibiofilm potential of fish mucus based nanoparticles were checked. For some activities, mucus exhibited better results and for others mucus based silver nanoparticles had higher activities. Fish mucus of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) showed highest antibacterial activity against E. coli bacteria with inhibition zone of 21 mm in crude mucus case. Lowest antibacterial activity was found against the B.subtilis with inhibition zone of 9 mm. Biochemical analysis exhibited higher values of catalase activity (CAT), superoxide dismutase activity (SOD), peroxidase activity (POD) and total soluble protein (TSP) for mucus and lowest for free silver nanoparticles. different types of essential oils and many other studies also indicated that mucus and Ag nanoparticles inhibit bacteria. He obtained the same results for these two bacteria when checked for MIC. results of the MIC E. coli , K. pneumoniae P. vulgaris most inhibited by fish all being inhibited ten of the extracts studied. Converesly, inhibited by only two extracts. In the some mucus extracts have been found to inhibit the growth of E. S. peroxidase activity mucus, mucus based Ag nanoparticles free nanoparticles. indicated that the peroxidase activity of mucus is highest. Mucus based Ag nanoparticles peroxidase activity while free nanoparticles showed less activity when compared with other groups as indicated by graph above; alkane, and 618.44 four alkyl ketones and alkyl amine respectively.


The phenomenon of low-income jobs for university graduates is mainly caused by the unbalance between supply and demand as well as various employment discriminations.It is necessary for the government to set minimum wage standards for university graduates although in practical level,the policy will meet some resistances.Minimum wage standards are designed to prevent from market discriminations,encourage human capital investment,and safeguard the basic livelihood of university graduates.The government should consider differences among regions and the other factors while setting minimum wage standards so as to ultimately promote the development of higher education as well as the graduate labor market.


Contribu.ng
  factors
  to
  the
  obesity
  epidemic
   in
  the
  US
  are great
   and
   complex
   but
   a
   leading
   factor
   is
   dietary
   behavior. Hec.c
  schedules
  and
  increasing
  availability
  of
  highly
  processed foods,
   even
   in
   food
   desert
   areas,
   provide
   an
   appealing opportunity
   to
   feed
   a
   family
   quickly
   and
   at
   a
   cost-‐efficient manner.
   In
   an
   effort
   to
   combat
   the
   appealing
   nature
   of
   fast food
  consump.on,
  it
  is
  essen.al
  to
  arm
  adults
  and
  adolescents with
   the
   tools,
   skills,
   and
   knowledge
   necessary
   to
   provide themselves
   and
   their
   families
   with
   healthy
   home-‐prepared meals.
  The
  purpose
  of
  this
  pilot
  study
  was
  to
  test
  the
  8-‐lesson curriculum,
   Genera.ons
   Ea.ng
   Together
   Through
   Cooking (G.E.T.T.
  Cooking),
  and
  determine
   its
  efficacy
   in
  a
   low-‐income audience.
  Pre,
  post,
  and
  follow
  up
  evalua.ons
  and
  interviews were
  conducted.
  The
  2
  par.cipa.ng
  families
  demonstrated
  an increase
   in
   food
   budge.ng,
   food
   security,
   food
   safety prac.ces,
   consump.on
   of
   fresh
   fruit
   and
   vegetables,
   child involvement
   in
   cooking,
   and
   in-‐home
   meal
   consump.on.
   A decrease
   in
   consump.on
   of
   sugar-‐sweetened
   beverages, distrac.ons
  during
  meals,
  food
  pickiness,
  food
  waste,
  and
  fast food
   consump.on
   were
   also
   observed.
   Par.cipa.on
   by children
  and
  adolescents
  was
  enthusias.c
  and
   "exci.ng"
  and provided
  numerous
   learning
  opportuni.es
   for
   both
   the
   adult and
  child
  par.cipants.


1 INTRODUCTIONTemperature-Programmed Reduction(TPR)is widely used in the study of the reduc-tion properties of catalysts[1-4].It does not depend on any specific property exceptthe reducibility of the catalyst.Parameters of the TPR profile,such as peaktemperature,peak area and peak width,are capable of providing certain indications onthe original state of the reduced species,the interaction effects between active compo-nents and promoter or supporter,and other reduction properties of the catalyst.


Abridged form of Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology Contains the outline classification of the bacteria, the descriptions of all genera and higher taxa. Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology Volume 1 to 5. Volume 1 (2001): The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria. In the most recent edition of Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology (1 957), all stalked bacteria are classified in the family Caulobacteraceae Henrici.


The forest survey is a prerequisite or critical for ecological conservation. Spectral mixture analysis (SMA) is an effective method to extract the forest coverage and its changes; however, it is mostly applied to hyperspectral image data processing due primarily to the limit of the number of spectral bands. Therefore, a hierarchical multiplication (HM) model based on the hierarchical method and stepwise multiplication algorithm is proposed for forest coverage extraction using multispectral images. Within the process, the hierarchical method reduces the complexity of the problem to satisfy the SMA at each level, and the multiplication method transfers forest abundances among levels for the soft classification. Compared with Zhejiang Forest Bureau Reports, the HM method in this study extracted 98.43% of forests using the 16-m resolution Gaofen-1 (GF-1) wide field of view (WFV) data, which has a 95% correlation coefficient with results obtained by the 2-m resolution panchromatic/ multispectral (PMS) data using the support vector machine (SVM) method. Zhejiang's overall forest coverage was found to exceed 60% in 2019, with a standard deviation of 0.419 pixels. Densely covered forests are primarily distributed in mountains and hills and have slightly increased from 2014 to 2019, while sparsely covered forests are mostly located in plains, basins, and valleys and slightly have declined during the past five years. The forest coverage is mainly affected by topography, population, economy, and policies. The experiment indicates the combined use of HM and multispectral data can accurately extract forest cover changes and achieve similar results compared to more sophisticated classifications using higher precision/spectral band (hyperspectral) data.