The problem of interaction of a plane incident acoustic wave with n‐layer stratified moving media has been solved. The differential equations governing wave behavior in a moving medium are derived by employing first‐order Lorentz transformation instead of the Galileian transformation that has been used in previous works. Solutions are facilitated by the introduction of propagation matrices. Reflection and transmission coefficients are then calculated by making use of these matrices.


The imaging sharpness of an X-ray telescope is chiefly determined by the optical quality of its focusing optics, which in turn mostly depends on the shape accuracy and the surface finishing of the grazing-incidence X-ray mirrors that compose the optical modules. To ensure the imaging performance during the mirror manufacturing, a fundamental step is predicting the mirror point spread function (PSF) from the metrology of its surface. Traditionally, the PSF computation in X-rays is assumed to be different depending on whether the surface defects are classified as figure errors or roughness. [...] The aim of this work is to overcome this limit by providing analytical formulae that are valid at any light wavelength, for computing the PSF of an X-ray mirror shell from the measured longitudinal profiles and the roughness power spectral density (PSD), without distinguishing spectral ranges with different treatments. The method we adopted is based on the Huygens-Fresnel principle for computing the diffracted intensity from measured or modeled profiles. In particular, we have simplified the computation of the surface integral to only one dimension, owing to the grazing incidence that reduces the influence of the azimuthal errors by orders of magnitude. The method can be extended to optical systems with an arbitrary number of reflections - in particular the Wolter-I, which is frequently used in X-ray astronomy - and can be used in both near- and far-field approximation. Finally, it accounts simultaneously for profile, roughness, and aperture diffraction. We describe the formalism with which one can self-consistently compute the PSF of grazing-incidence mirrors, [...] Finally, we validate this by comparing the simulated PSF of a real Wolter-I mirror shell with the measured PSF in hard X-rays.


Radionuclide lumbar cisternography with 111In-DTPA was utilized as a bedside procedure to evaluate CSF dynamics and the patency of the ventricular system in 29 preterm infants with hydrocephalus. Serial images of the brain were obtained at 0, 1, 2, 6, 24 and 48 hours after instillation of the isotope in the lumbar subarachnoid space. Three distinct patterns were seen. Infants with posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus displayed prompt ventricular filling but markedly delayed emptying with minimal flow over the cerebral convexities. Infants with ventriculomegaly secondary to suspected brain atrophy or periventricular leukomalacia demonstrated a pattern of prompt ventricular filling, delayed emptying, but with flow present over the convexities. An infant with noncommunicating hydrocephalus secondary to an Arnold-Chiari malformation snowed a pattern of complete obstruction with no ventricular filling. Radionuclide lumbar cisternography appears to be a safe, welltolerated procedure which produces images of sufficient resolution to provide valuable information about CSF dynamics, delineating basal cisternae, ventricles, and subarachnoid flow paths. Die lumbale Radio-Isotopen Zisternographie ist eine sichere und verlassliche Methode zur Darstellung des Liquorsystems und seiner Dynamik bei Fruhgeborenen. Sie ermoglicht die Differenzierung von kommunizierender und nichtkommunizierender Hydrozephalie, z.B. nach intraventrikularer Blutung oder Asphyxie.


During the 19th century, China's socioeconomic geography experienced unprecedented spatial changes. Through these spatial transformations, which were caused by the penetration of western capitalism, Chinese cities morphed into epicenters of international trade between Western powers and China. By examining the major transformations having taken place in 19th century Chinese cities, the author investigates unexplained or neglected transformations in three areas: (1) the decline of interdependent inland cities connected by waterways; (2) the simultaneous rise of independent port cities under the influence of the capitalist world-economy; and (3) the forging of port city–hinterland relationships in connection with the capitalist world-economy. It helps to understand the role that port cities have played in the development of China's historical capitalism.


Based on the actual need of development and application of hemp-blending product and the mechanical property as well as evenness property test of blended yarn with different contents of hemp, the factors influencing the mechanical property of hemp-blended yarn as well as its structural characteristics were analyzed and studied, and the regression equation between blending ratio and yarn mechanical property was established, finding that the mechanical property of yarn will be changed significantly and the yarn evenness becomes worse correspondingly when the hemp-blending ratio was 30%, but the evenness property of hemp-blended yarn becomes worse with the increasing of hemp fiber content in general.


Roland Ennos argues that the abilities of the great apes to cope in the dangerous mechanical environment of the forest canopy are part of the human species' intellectual inheritance and are intimately connected with our abilities as physicists.


A remote indicatively coupled radio frequency plasma has been used to oxidize titanium thin films evaporated onto silicon substartes. The substrate was heated during oxidation to temperatures between 200 and 500 °C using a resistively heated furance. Titanium dioxide layers were formed of thicknesses from 53 to 150 nm. The crystal structure was shown to be rutile by x‐ray diffraction for oxidation temperatures of 500 °C. These samples were also seen to have a thin interfacial silicon dioxide layer. Measurements on 1‐mm Al dot capacitors showed the leakage current of a 53‐nm film oxidized at 500 °C to be below 10−8 A at a 2‐V bias. Good capacitance‐voltage characteristics were observed for high oxidation temperatures, with a dielectric constant of between 15 and 22 for the TiO2/SiO2 layers. The refractive index of the layers was measured by ellipsometry to be 2.5–2.6. Plasma oxidation thus provides a low‐temperature method of forming titanium dixoide thin films.


An inventive semiconductor device has a first terminal portion (11), a second terminal portion (12) and a semiconductor volume (13), which is disposed between the first and the second terminal area. Within the semiconductor volume (13) in the vicinity of the second connection region (12) comprises a field stop zone (14) for spatially limiting an embodied in the semiconductor volume space charge zone and an adjacent to the first terminal area anode region (15) is provided. The dopant concentration profile within the semiconductor volume (13) is configured such that the integral of the ionized dopant charge over the semiconductor volume, starting from a side facing the second connection area boundary surface (17) of the anode region, in the direction of the second connecting portion only near the interface (18) the field stop zone, which faces the second connection region, reached a charge amount that corresponds to the breakdown charge of the semiconductor device.


Despite the impact of recent global financial crisis,Indian capital market shows relative resilience and flexibility.This depends on a variety of reasons,among which the gradual policy on the opening of the capital account and the rigorous regulations on the banking and the prudential management on the Non-banking Financial Companies are the important institutional basis which maintain the resilience of Indian capital market.


The SWoT framework Motivating scenario SWoT: Semantic Web of Things Automatically enrich sensor data with semantics o Converter SenML to RDF API Reuse the domain knowledge already designed o Sensor-based Linked Open Rules (LOR) o More than 200 sensor-based ontologies are referenced Machine-to-Machine (M3) ontology to describe sensor and measurements in a uniform way o M3 hub to combine cross-domains STAC application (Security) to choose security mechanisms to secure specific technologies


This report deals with a comfort study of a four-point safety belt concept (CrissCross). The purpose of the study is to evaluate the comfort of this type of belt and the results of this study provi ...


Using fresh eggs as experimental material and used shell-lac as clingfilm material. During the storage temperature(20±2)℃,relative humidity 50%±10%,studying the effect of the rate of weight loss of eggs,Haugh unit,yolk index,pH of egg white,pH of egg yellow by different shell-lac coating. Experiment results showed:After twenty one days' storage,eggs of shell-lac coating were better than eggs in the control group.And the best one was coating of 3.00% shell-lac,the rate of weight loss of eggs was 3.04%,Haugh unit was 69.03,yolk index was 0.31,pH of egg white was 9.45,pH of egg yellow was 7.07.


The damping behaviors of hot extruded ZA27 alloy were studied by means of a multifunction internal friction apparatus. The experimental results showed that the damping capacities of the alloy increase with increasing of temperature or decreasing of vibrate frequency, whereas vibration amplitude has no marked influence on the damping level in this alloy at the range of vibration amplitude. Hot extrusion can improve damping capacities of as-cast ZA27 alloy. With increasing the temperature,the damping capacities of the hot extruded ZA27 alloy increases rapidly than that of the as-cast ZA27 alloy. For example, the damping capacities of hot extruded ZA27 alloy are respectively higher for 17 percent at 25℃ and 44 percent at 145℃ than that of as-cast ZA27 alloy. The hot extruded ZA27 alloy has more grain interfaces and higher dislocation densities than as-cast ZA27 alloy, so it possesses higher damping capacities than as-cast ZA27 alloy.


The paper conducted a survey in April and June 2020 on employees who shifted to telework, asking them about the change in working environment and their subjective impressions of their own working efficiency. The results found various stylized facts: (1) the earlier the shift to telework, the better the worker's efficiency; (2) experience and number of telework hours matter more for efficiency than workers' base ICT skills; (3) the positive effect of telework on efficiency is highest in very small establishments and large-sized companies; (4) as for work environment, a flexible time management system enhanced the efficiency-improving effect of telework, while a results-based evaluation system led to the opposite effect; and (5) workers' efficiency tended to increase when more hours were spent on teleworking, as opposed to spending their time on non-work activities like leisure time, housekeeping/childcare, and sleeping.


PURPOSE: A three-dimensional virtual reality system and virtual image display method which uses a transparent screen is provided to enable a user to freely view a virtual image regardless of time and place. CONSTITUTION: The transparency of a transparent screen(11) is higher than a predetermined value. A screen driving unit(12) displays an input image on a transparent screen. An image processing unit includes a three-dimensional space system. The image processing unit arranges a three-dimensional virtual model of a target object in the three-dimensional space system. The image processing unit outputs a virtual image on the screen driving unit in order to display a virtual image on the transparent screen.


In this paper, based on a calculated open E × B convection passage of a flux tube with subauroral polarization streams (SAPS) electric field involved, we use the Dynamic Fluid‐Kinetic model to simulate the transport of major ion species (H+, He+, and O+) along magnetic field line (field‐aligned) within the flux tube during the 2015 St. Patrick's Day storm. The drift trajectory is confirmed to be quite realistic based on observations and empirical models, meanwhile, the foot print of flux tube is initiated from subauroral latitudes toward polar latitudes along this drift pass. The Dynamic Fluid‐Kinetic simulation displays interesting temporal evolution of the field‐aligned plasma distribution at subauroral latitudes: The storm‐enhanced density region continuously provides upward ion flux filling into plasmasphere, but the equatorial mass loading in plasmaspheric plume increases at first and then decreases. Further analyses found that the SAPS particularly impact the field‐aligned transport of O+ particles from ionosphere to plasmasphere but have much less effect on H+ and He+ particles at subauroral latitudes, which causes significant enhancements of equatorial O+ density. The results show that the SAPS have significant effects on both drifting trajectory of the flux tube and associated field‐aligned ion dynamics. This work reveals intimate storm time interaction between the inner magnetosphere and ionosphere which may affect the dynamics in outer magnetosphere or even at magnetopause with flux tube convection.


In order to perform meaningful experiments in optimizing compilation and runtime system design, researchers usually rely on a suite of benchmark programs of interest to the optimization technique under consideration. Programs are described as numeric, memoryintensive, concurrent, or object-oriented, based on a qualitative appraisal, in some cases with little justification. In order to make these intuitive notions of program behaviour more concrete and subject to experimental validation, this thesis introduces a methodology to objectively quantify key aspects of program behaviour using dynamic metrics. A set of unambiguous, dynamic, robust and architecture-independent dynamic metrics is defined, and can be used to categorize programs according to their dynamic behaviour in five areas: size, data structures, memory use, polymorphism and concurrency. Each metric is also empirically validated. A general-purpose, easily extensible dynamic analysis framework has been designed and implemented to gather empirical metric results. This framework consists of three major components. The profiling agent collects execution data from a Java virtual machine. The trace analyzer performs computations on this data, and the web interface presents the result of the analysis in a convenient and user-friendly way. The utility of the approach as well as selected specific metrics is validated by examining metric data for a number of commonly used benchmarks. Case studies of program transformations and the consequent effects on metric data are also considered. Results show that the information that can be obtained from the metrics not only corresponds well with the intuitive notions of program behaviour, but can also reveal interesting behaviour that would have otherwise required lengthy investigations using more traditional techniques.


The land snails from the Final Palaeolilhic and Early Neolithic archaeological layers of the cave Arma dello Stefanin in the Pennavaira Valley(Aquila d'Arroscia,Imperia,Northern Italy). Two limits affect the results of the palaeoecological studies of the land snails from the archaeological layers of the Arma dello Stefanin.First the abundance of big sized Molluscs,usually of less ecological interest,bad indicators for environmental changes.Second the dominance throughout the whole stratigra- phy of two common elements,Helicigona cingulata,with a rupestral behaviour,and Discus rotundatus which inhabits sheltered and damp places.The absence of small species,good environmental indicators, and the continuous high percentage of the above mentioned species,give insufficient evidence of the slow and narrow changes inside the malacological structure.In the case of the Arma dello Stefanin, a palaeoecological profile based on the land snails should be impossible without the help of the anthraco- logical analyses.According to both these elements,six climatic periods have been recognised,since the final glacial cold oscillation of the Dryas Ⅱ,dated to 10750±300 bc(HAR-6915),to the Middle Atlantic Impressed Ware Culture dated to 4660±60 bc(Bin-3276).


Volumetric errors are the major contributor to the dimensional errors of a workpiece in precision machining. Error compensation technique is a cost-effective way to reduce volumetric errors. Accurate modeling of volumetric errors is a prerequisite of error compensation. In this paper, a volumetric error model was proposed by using neural networks based on ant colony algorithm. Finally, a volumetric error compensation system was developed based on the proposed model, and which has been applied to a CNC machine tool in daily production. The results show that the volumetric errors are reduced and the machining accuracy of the machine tool is improved.


The paper devotes attention to evaluating the factors of competitiveness and the quantification of their impact on the export efficiency of grape and wine in the Slovak Republic. For the reason of bad conditions in grape production, Slova- kia has not covered the domestic wine demand in years 1998-2003 and therefore wine was imported to Slovakia. Opposite to, some European wine-producing countries, Slovakia does not suffer from wine overproduction and Slovak vintners have not got problems with selling their production on foreign market. After the downfall of custom protection, an increase of import was expected, mostly of cheap table wines. The chance for Slovak producers is the production of high quality wines, which are getting a good combination of quality and price in comparison with foreign quality wines. It is important, that Slovak consumers should know and prefer quality wines and that the export of Slovak wines are oriented also on other mar- kets not only on the market of the Czech Republic.


A physical model is developed for the enhancement of the Seebeck coefficient ( S ) in a porous thermoelectric material with inhomogeneous porosity. The pores are assumed to be hole and of spherical shape. We take into account the presence of trap centers situated at pore/medium interfaces and neglect changes in the carrier effective mass due to the band-bend. We show that the porosity always leads to an increase in the absolute value of S. A simple relation is derived for S in nondegenerate n-type semiconducting materials in the case when the main contribution in the carrier relaxation time at zero porosity is from the scattering on acoustic phonons. We have shown that the value of S does not depend on the orientation of the porosity gradient with respect to the direction of the temperature gradient. The relative growth of the Seebeck coefficient compared to its value in the bulk material of the same volume is examinated for different number of the pore groups with different characteristic sizes at various pore size distributions.


The development of an analytical model for calculating the electron stopping power (SP) converging with the experimental data at lower energies is still not completed. The purpose of this work is to suggest a mathematical expression of the range and the stopping power of electrons impinging in solid targets in the energy range up to 30 keV based on the spherical geometric model [A. Bentabet, Vacuum86 (2012) 1855]. The results are in good agreement with those of the literature. The slight discrepancy between the obtained and both the theoretical and experimental results regarding the stopping power at very low energy (E<0.5 keV) is discussed.


A significant proportion of hemophilia A patients receiving transfusions of factor Vlll (FVIII) develop a specific antibody response towards FVIII. These antibodies are usually detected by assays in which they inhibit the function of the molecule, such as the Bethesda clotting test. We have prepared anti-FVIII antibodies by specific immunoadsorption from the plasma of four hemophiliacs with stable inhibitor levels. The isotypic distribution of such antibodies was determined and their capacity to bind to insolubilized FVlll was compared with their inhibitory activity in two functional assays, namely, the Bethesda assay and a chromogenic assay. In addition, the FVlll epitope specificity was determined by competition with monoclonal antibodies for the binding to insolubilized FVIII. We show here that (1)


The World Health Organization defines overweight and obesity
as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that may lead to health
impairments...


Abstract An experiment was conducted on common bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] in the greenhouse using three soil types, four nitrogen(N) levels and three plant growth regulators. Growth response was compared to a control. Cutting biomass, cumulative height, turf color, and evapotranspiration were studied over a 9 week period. Cutless® (flurprimidol) reduced cumulative height by as much as 83% and water consumption by as much as 27%. Embark® (mefluidide) and Limit® (amidochlor) did not provide significant long-term height suppression at any rate or any N level on the three soils. Biomass, cummulative height and color ratings of the bermudagrass were higher on the loam and clay soils compared to the sandy loam soil after growth regulators were applied. Phytotoxicity was observed in the form of leaf tip dieback and discoloration only with Cutless®. Turf discoloration was offset by increased nitrogen levels. However, nitrogen reduced the efficacy of Cutless®. By the ninth week, on the sandy loam s...


The thermal decomposition of SiC wafers has proven to be a reliable method to obtain epitaxial graphene. However, the sublimation of Si induced by annealing of SiC substrates is notoriously difficult to control. To tackle the problem, the authors developed a fairly simple apparatus for the growth of micrometer-scale homogeneous single- and bilayer graphene in Ar atmosphere. The device is a furnace based on a considerably improved version of a directly heated element, and can achieve the desired sample quality reproducibly and efficiently. The authors characterize the samples prepared using this device by atomic force microscopy, low energy electron diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy, x-ray photoemission spectroscopy, and near-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy.


"'Among the believers are men who have been true to their covenant with Allah. Of them some have completed their vow (to the extreme), and some (still) wait, but they have never changed (their determination) in the least,' (Koranic verse, Al-Ahzab, 33:23). Praise be to God, who glorified Islam with His victory, humiliated non-belief with His dominance, changed fortunes with His justice, and made the best end for the righteous with His grace. Prayers and peace be upon the one who God raised as a beacon of Islam with his sword.


This chapter discusses the existence of single-wall carbon nanocones (SWNCs), especially nanohorns (SWNHs) in organic solvents in the form of clusters. A theory is developed based on a bundlet model describing their distribution function by size. Phenomena have a unified explanation in bundlet model in which free energy of an SWNC, involved in a cluster, is combined from two components: a volume one, proportional to number of molecules n in a cluster, and a surface one proportional to n1/2. A bundlet model enables describing distribution function of SWNC clusters by size. From purely geometrical differences, bundlet (SWNCs) and droplet (fullerene) models predict different behaviours. The SWNCs of various disclinations are investigated via energetic–structural analyses. Several SWNC's terminations are studied which are different among one another because of the type of closing structure and arrangement. Packing efficiencies and interaction-energy parameters of SWNCs/SWNHs are intermediate between fullerene and single-wall carbon nanotube (SWNT) clusters.


Work is about of equalization for close loop of mathematical model of working process of dual flow turbojet engine without mixing of first and second loops flow. It is shown the reserved mathematical model allows to expect descriptions of the turbojet engine without application of adjusting laws at limitation on durability and heat-tolerance.


Abstract Let R be the pullback A ×cB, where B → C is a surjective homomorphism of commutative rings and A is a subring of C. It is shown that R and C are Hilbert rings if and only if A and B are Hilbert rings. Applications are given to the D + XE[X], D + M, and D + (X1,..., Xn)Ds[X1,..., Xn] constructions. For these constructions, new examples are given of Hilbert domains R which are unruly, in the sense that R is non-Noetherian and each of its maximal ideals is finitely generated. Related examples are also given.


Since 1989, an increasing number of patients with unexplained CD4 + T-lymphocyte depletion, but without evident human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, have been described. This condition is now defined as idiopathic CD4+ T lymphocytopenia (ICL). 1,2 Report of a Case. We describe a 73-year-old man suffering from sporotrichoid nodules on his right lower leg ( Figure 1 ). Five of his 7 children died in their early childhood of cystic fibrosis. The patient and all other relatives were free of symptoms of cystic fibrosis. Analysis of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator ( CFTR ) gene revealed the mutation Δ F508 in the patient and 3 of 8 analyzed relatives, and another less common mutation was found in the patient's wife. 3 Histological examination of a nodule showed a subcutaneous suppurative granulomatous dermatitis. Periodic acid—Schiff staining revealed fungal elements in hyphal form ( Figure 2 ). Microbiological cultivation of biopsy specimens yielded growth of Exophiala jeanselmei and


The obtained results indicate that joint administration of CGP 37849, a competitive NMDA receptor antagonist, and SA4503, a sigma1 (sigma1) receptor agonist or DTG, sigma 1/2 receptor agonist, evoked anticataleptic effect at doses which were ineffective when each of the compounds was given alone.


This paper presents a new conceptual framework for travelling fires in large compartments with fire resistant islands in order to ensure that the structure so designed is able to resist more realistic fire exposures expected in such compartments, commonly found in modern office buildings. In addition, this paper also presents the implementation of this new travelling fire model in the SIFBuilder framework [1], which is an OpenSees based integrated computational tool for performing automated thermo-mechanical analyses for large structures subjected to a broad range of idealised design fires. INTRODUCTION Many studies of large compartments in fire carried out over the past two decades show that fires in such compartments have a great deal of non-uniformity, unlike the homogeneous compartment temperature assumption commonly made in the current fire safety engineering practice. In general, large compartment fires burn locally and tend to move across entire floor plates over a period of time. This kind of fire scenario is beginning to be idealized as travelling fires. Two representations of travelling fires can be found in literature, hereinafter referred to as: Clifton's model [2]; and Rein's model [3]. However, both models neglect important aspects of fire dynamics. For instance the accumulation of a hot smoke layer is ignored in both models, while in Clifton's model, all elements in one 'firecell' (one compartment) share the same time fire exposure history. In Rein's model, Alpert's correlation is adopted to calculate far field temperature and a uniform temperature (80


The specific heat of beryllium has been calculated from the electron gas model proposed in an earlier paper. The theoretical values of cv computed from this model are in good agreement with the experimental values.


CONTEXT
The growth response to recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) in GH deficient (GHD) patients may be influenced by polymorphisms in the growth hormone receptor (GHR) gene.

OBJECTIVES
To investigate adults with GHD who have been treated with rhGH for more than 1 year to determine the relationship between genomic deletion of exon 3 in the GHR gene and quality of life (QoL), body composition (BC) and serum IGF1 levels, and to compare these variables to a healthy adult control population.

DESIGN
Cross-sectional study.

METHODS
A total of 100 healthy adult controls and 131 patients were studied. Deletion of exon 3 in the GHR gene was determined in DNA that was isolated from peripheral blood. QoL was determined using the adult GHD assessment scale and three other validated QoL instruments.

RESULTS
In the control population, the frequency of the genotypes was 53% fl/fl, 40% d3/fl and 7% d3/d3, and in the patient population, 55, 39 and 6% respectively. There was no significant difference in QoL scores and BC in control subjects with the fl/fl genotype compared with those with the d3/d3 or fl/d3 genotype. There was no difference in the rhGH dose required to optimize serum IGF1, QoL or BC in patients with the fl/fl genotype compared with those with the d3/d3 or d3/fl genotype.

CONCLUSION
Deletion of exon 3 in the GHR gene does not influence adult height, QoL or BC of the normal adult population nor does it influence rhGH dose, QoL and BC in GHD adults treated with rhGH for more than 1 year.


This phase-two clinical trial was designed to investigate the effectiveness, safety, and usefulness of galactose microparticles (SH/TA-508) as a new ultrasound transpulmonary contrast-enhancing agent for transcranial color flow imaging.Seventy-six patients with clinical indications for transcranial Doppler investigation were entered in this frial. Thirty-eight patients were given an intravenous injection of 8 ml at the concentration of 200 mg/ml, 5 ml at 300 mg/ml, and 4 ml at 400 mg/ml and the other 38 received a two-fold higher volume of the agent at each different concentration. We evaluated the adequacy of signal enhancement and the duration of appropriate signal enhancement on transcranial color-coded flow image after each injection. Safety was determined by clinical and laboratory monitoring for 24 hours.The concentrations of 300 mg/ml and 400 mg/ml were more effective in providing signal enhancement and a long duration of enhancement than 200 mg/ml, and there was no difference in effectiveness between the concentrations of 300 mg/ml and 400 mg/ml. No significant difference in effectiveness was shown between different volumes at the same concentration. Pain at the injection site as an adverse effect was observed in only one patient at injection of 8 ml of 400 mg/ml of the agent.SH/TA-508 was found to be a very useful ultrasound contrast-enhancing agent for transcranial color flow imaging. A suspension of 5 ml of 300 mg/ml seemed to be the optimum volume and concentration for intravenous administration.


The aim of the study was to investigate the perception of high school students about theinclusion in Physical Education (PE) classes from the experience of Adapted PhysicalEducation (APE) content during a supervised curricular internship discipline. Twenty-three nondisabled students from the high school's first year of a public school in the west of SantaCatarina state participated. A semi-structured questionnaire and a field diary were used tocollect information, which were analyzed using the content analysis technique. The students'perceptions about the APE throughout the teaching module resulted in five categories: lack ofknowledge and vague experience on APE; contrast between disorder in the school environmentand the working conditions offered (ex ante); change in the previous view about APE;predominance of a certain fear of inclusion; acceptance to the insertion and continuity of theAPE in the school (ex post). It was concluded that the students did not present an expandedconception about inclusion and APE before experiencing the teaching module. Thereformulation of this vision after the module was conditioned to the understanding of APE asallowing the inclusion in PE classes, as well as in the school as a whole, as long as it hascontinuity in the school environment.


Artificial intelligence and deep learning algorithms are widely used nowadays in almost every electronic devices, those algorithms need to be executed as quickly as possible in some time critical devices like selfdriving cars etc. So for executing those Deep Learning algorithms, some accelerators are required to accelerate the time critical tasks. Most of the current technology uses AXI interface for offloading deep learning algorithms on to accelerator. In this paper the deep learning models are accelerated on GPUs. Intel integrated GPU is used for accelerating the various deep learning models using the Intel OpenVino software. Image classification models are the targeted models for acceleration. The benchmarking results of the selected deep learning models run on CPU (Intel i5 4200 processor) and Intel Integrated GPU present in the laptop are compared. All the simulations are carried on Windows Laptop using OpenVino software.


We consider a manager who has to assign two tasks to two employees. We exhibit equilibria where the manager has an incentive to discriminate in favor of one of the employees. We show that the more complementary the tasks are, the more discriminatory the assignment is. We establish the efficiency of the discrimination considered, assuming enough complementarity between tasks. In support of empirical studies, we point out for instance the discrimination between immigrant and native workers, or the efficiency of seniority based promotion rules. Basically, the mechanism is that discrimination permits to withhold information, thereby reducing the difference of employees' perception of their ability.


The paper presented selected problems of brown coal as well as another solid carbonaceous materials pyrolysis and gasification in a plasma jet. Introduction of the coal into thermal plasma caused its decomposition into simpler components. Among the gaseous products the most important are: CH4, C2H2, C2H, H2, CO and CO2. In an active plasma containing oxygen and/or water, coal conversion to synthesis gas is very high, up to 90%. The content of CO in the after reaction gas is nearly 60% and that of CO2 does not exceeded 3 vol.%. Effective coals pyrolysis to C2H2, and CO2 take place in hydrogen and argon plasma. Total decomposition into gaseous products is close to or exceeded the volatile matter content in the substrates. Studies performed at Warsaw University on brown coal pyrolysis in H2 and Ar plasma confirmed this statement.


Composite shear wall with concrete filled steel tube columns is a new kind of composite shear wall.Experimental studies on the seismic behavior of two 1/4 scale high strength concrete shear wall models under low frequency circle load are done.One model is traditional reinforced concrete shear wall,the other is composite shear wall with concrete filled steel tube columns.Based on the experiment,load-carrying capacity,ductility,stiffness and its degradation,hysteretic property,energy dissipation and failure phenomena of each shear wall are contrastively analyzed.The formulas of load-carrying capacity are established.The results obtained from the formulas and those from experiment are in good agreement.The results show that the seismic behavior of high strength concrete composite shear wall with concrete filled steel tube columns has been developed evidently compared with the traditional reinforced concrete shear wall.


Software patterns provide mature solutions to common software problems. They are used to realize the reuse and sharing of software domain knowledge. At present, most of these approaches to finding software patterns need a pattern library as reference. Personal coding style and domain specific requirements lead to creating new patterns or adapting existing ones and make those approaches fail. Secondly, the found patterns of those methods are presented without connection with the other patterns. This paper describes a new method to find software model. It is based concept lattice, the core data structure in formal concept analysis. The advantage of this approach is that no reference library is needed and the results are set in relation each other.


Coral reefs, a special type of rock and soil mediums, develop in marine envi-ronment and are formed by reef-building corals under common biological and geological actions. Coral reefs of Nansha Islands in southern South China Sea have the character of zonation due to the zonation of hydrodynamics, sediments and topography. The paper studies the section structure, interior structure, shallow stratum structure, engineering geological strata and lithology of the coral reefs, and make the division of four types of rockmass structures (outer reef flat original-reef type, middle reef flat block-cemented type, inner reef fiat sand-cemented type and no-cement fine sand type) and five engineering geological zones (outer reef flat erosion zone, middle reef flat gravel accumula-tion zone, inner reef flat coral growth zone, sand accumulation zone in lagoon and islet zone). Tower-shaped structure of coral reefs reflects the disequilibrium of sea level change and basin-shaped structure of coral reefs has important significance to reef stability. The engineering property and suitability of each engineering geological zone are also discussed.


To find out the causes of the girth weld defects in pipeline inspection and verify the weld quality, this paper implements the methods of radiographic inspection, mechanical inspection, and metallographic inspection to carry out experimental tests. The results show that the girth weld has good tensile property, poor impact toughness, reasonable distribution of hardness value, larger cover welding of the weld at 6 o 'clock position, repair welding phenomenon exists at the bottom welding position, and the crack originates from the groove of the bottom welding is non-fusion defect, which is not cleared in time during repair welding, and eventually expands to the filler welding metal, forming a crack.


Large medical equipments feature complex technology, high investment and operational costs, bearing major impacts on medical expenses. Curbing overinvestment and excessive growth of such expenses at public hospitals hence becomes one of the government key goals in regulatory control for these equipments. Based on data of provincial hospitals in Zhejiang and core variants as regulatory measures for large medical equipments, the authors came to important findings. For example, when such influencing factors as the supplier and customer characteristics of provincial public hospitals, and the equipment investment and medical expenses of other public hospitals are under control, the administrative licensing control of such equipments can lower the investment of medical equipments and medical expenses by 32.2% and 78.2% respectively, in comparison with the approval mechanism. It is therefore important to strengthen the regulation on large medical equipments at provincial level, and encourage human capital investment of public hospitals with service quality as orientation. These efforts can lower excessive supply of medical technology of provincial hospitals, and help the government to improve its regulatory effects for large medical equipments.

Key words:
Health resources; Large medical equipment; Regulation; Effects; Zhejiang province


Research work carried out in the last decade on the Microelectronics Manufacturing Science and T echnology (MMST) program sought to address a need for increased flexibility in IC manufacturing through single-wafer processing, with in-situ sensors and real-time process/factory control has lead to a successful demonstration of a novel approach to IC manufacturing based on flexible process. To make it possible for modern industry to utilize MMST program, one can make use of programmable process-tool with technology of computer-aided design (T-CAD) and Process Synthesis. Computer-Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) links equipment, people, and products in a manufacturing facility. Today's manufacturing requires "agility" - the ability to thrive in a continuously changing, unpredictable environment [1], which can be achieved by using advanced monolithic CIM systems. This article presents an overview of strategies employed in the MMST program to build a flexible, distributed, CIM system-framework, with applications that exploit new hardware, process-technologies, and Process-Synthesis for agile and cost-effective wafer fabrication.


Sliding spotlight SAR combined with the multichannel receiving technology has the ultra-high resolution wide swath imaging capacity. Since the range history and Doppler characteristics of moving targets are different from those of fixed targets, the moving target echo model in multichannel sliding spotlight SAR is established in this paper. The azimuth velocity component of the moving target would results in azimuth defocusing, while the slant range velocity component would lead to pairs of false targets. In this paper, a novel azimuth multichannel reconstruction method for moving targets is proposed according to the multichannel signal model. First, the instantaneous Doppler centroid of each channel is removed by de-ramp preprocessing to reduce the total Doppler bandwidth of the whole imaged scene. Afterwards, the azimuth non-uniform sampling problem is resolved by the modified multichannel reconstruction matrix corresponding to the velocity of the moving target. Finally, the Doppler spectrum is recovered by the azimuth inverse de-ramp operation. The proposed method resolves the problem of Doppler spectrum aliasing caused by azimuth beam scanning and avoids the up-sampling processing with the large amount of zero padding. Furthermore, the modified reconstruction matrix is used to match the multi-channel Doppler characteristics of moving targets in multichannel sliding spotlight. Simulation results of moving targets validate the proposed azimuth multichannel reconstruction approach.


A STUDY WAS CONDUCTED ON A SHORT SECTION OF THE VAN WYCK EXPRESSWAY IN NEW YORK CITY TO DETERMINE THE ADVISABILITY OF PROCEEDING WITH A MORE COMPREHENSIVE STUDY TO ASCERTAIN THE NEED FOR THE DESIGN OF A TOTAL SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL SYSTEM FOR IMPROVING OVERALL OPERATIONS ON THE EXPRESSWAY. RAMP METERING ON A FIXED-TIME BASIS AND RAMP CLOSURE WERE INCLUDED. TRAFFIC WAS DIVERTED VIA A SERVICE ROAD, FROM AN ON-RAMP THAT WAS OBSERVED TO BE CAUSING CONGESTION, TO A PAIR OF RAMPS CONTROLLED BY FIXED TIME SIGNALS. WHILE HOPING TO ACCESS THE RELATIONSHIP OF ACCIDENTS TO CONGESTED OPERATIONS, THE STUDY PERIOD WAS TOO SHORT TO APPRAISE THE PROJECT'S EFFECTS ON ACCIDENT RATES. A STATISTICAL ANALYSIS WAS MADE OF TRAVEL TIME DATA ON THE EXPERIMENTAL SECTION BY TIME-OF-DAY STRATIFICATION, OVERALL TRAVEL TIME REDUCTIONS ON THE ORDER OF 20 TO 30% WERE REALIZED FOR THE EXPRESSWAY AND SERVICE ROAD, RESPECTIVELY. IMPROVEMENTS SHOW THAT A CONTROL SYSTEM OVER THE ENTIRE FREEWAY THAT WOULD BE RESPONSIVE TO VARIATIONS IN TRAFFIC STREAM BEHAVIOR WOULD LIKELY PRODUCE LOWER ACCIDENT RATES AND A HIGHER LEVEL OF SERVICE. /AUTHOR/


Experimental data for the validation of Computational Fluid Dynamics results need an evaluation of the accuracy. Uncertainty assessment applied to the measure of the wave field generated by a combatant model is performed in this experimental work. The application of uncertainty assessment to a parameter changing in space (or in time) with zero averaged value gives some interesting point of discussion, especially about the bias and precision limit characterization and the error normalization. Moreover, in this particular case, it can give indications about some relevant characteristics of the wave field. For example the relatively high precision limit (bad accuracy), in the region close to the model, highlights random fluctuations associated to the free surface turbulence or wave breaking. Finally the individuation of the zones, where the bias and precision limit are the lowest, allows realizing with better accuracy the determination of the wave making resistance by longitudinal cut method.


With the development of the times, the library is becoming a comprehensive service center, it has various functions which includes integrating exhibition, academic exchange, specification research, study and others. At the same time, the traditional mode of book retrieval is being replaced by the use of information technology. During promoted the change of library reading space period, the design model of reading space is also be influenced. Modern library space design focus more on the user experience and that is still valued user-oriented to build a warm, convenient reading and viewing environment. The analysis is carried out by means of 2 spatial cases. this study are: A(Hyundai Card Music Library),B(Hyundai Card Cooking Library). Through the case, we have drawn three conclusions. First, emotional design of space from four library by three aspects including experience, interaction, continuity. It deeper into explore the customer-centric sensual design, which provide a good reference for future library design. Second, TThe library's spatial function is designed from the user's point of view, which combines the space and the sensory experience to make the library's perceptual effect become larger.


The authors review briefly the testing architecture of ISO 9646, a standard for defining testing methodology and architecture for all of the ISO Open Systems Interconnection layers. They then describe the test systems of the US National Institute for Standards and Technology for both the link and packet layers, and, for vendors interfacing their data terminal equipment to DDN. They explain how conformance to the Defense Data Network (DDN) X.25 interface can be verified. They also discuss the possibility of porting the test system to other test equipment.<<ETX>>


This study aims to determine the level of students' understanding of each indicator of the buffer solution material and to determine the most difficult indicator in understanding the buffer solution material using the Four-Tier Multiple Choice diagnostic test. This type of research uses a descriptive type of research using a qualitative approach. The subjects of this study were students of class XI Madrasah Aliyyah Swasta Darul Ihsan as many as 15 students who were selected using the simple random sampling technique. The research instrument used was the Four-Tier Multiple Choice diagnostic test instrument sheet and student interview sheets. The results of this study showed that the average percentage of students who understood the concept was 32.3%, did not understand the concept was 38.1%, misconception was 20.6% and the error was 9%. Based on this research, it was found that the most difficult indicator to understand is the indicator to determine the relationship between the buffer solution and the concept of chemical equation and the indicator to calculate the pH of the acid buffer solution. So it can be concluded that the students of class XI Madrasah Aliyyah Private Darul Ihsan have difficulty in understanding the material of the buffer solution.


In this paper we have presented a novel hardware for watermarking which can be used with the loss less JPEG2000 compression standard. The aim of hardware assisted watermarking is to achieve low power usage, real-time performance, reliability, and ease of integration with existing consumer electronic devices. We have implemented CDF5/3 wavelet filters with lifting scheme which requires less hardware and they are also the basis of lossless JPEG2000. The experimental result shows that the proposed scheme of watermarking is robust against most of the geometric attacks scaling and rotation.


Cumulative residual entropy and cumulative entropy are new methods based on the cumulative distribution of random variables and could be used to correctly measure the uncertainty of information in probability theory. However, how to determine the uncertain degree is also an open issue in Dempster-Shafer evidence theory (D-S evidence theory), even though there are different kinds of methods now, but they have not considered about the cumulative effect of the belief probability assignment (BPA), so we refer to the cumulative idea and consider about the relationship between the probability theory and evidence theory so that the structure could be transformed to belief intervals of the single subsets, then comprehensively think about the belief function Bel and the plausibility function Pl which as the limitations. As a result, a new method to ascertain the uncertain degree of the information is presented in the background of D-S evidence theory, some numerical analysis and comparative analysis are performed in order to demonstrate the new cumulative belief entropy could provide a optimistic way of measuring the uncertain degree and the results received are in line with expectations well.


vii Chapter I: Introduction 1 Statement of the Problem 1 Measurement of eustress. 1 Correlates of eustress. 2 Outcomes of eustress. 3 Eustress in unique youth populations, namely students in accelerated curricula. 4 Purpose of the Study 4 Definition of Key Terms 5 Academic success 6 Advanced Placement (AP). 6 Coping. 6 Emotional well-being. 6 Engagement. 6 Eustress. 6 Flow 7 Grit. 7 International Baccalaureate (IB). 7 Nomological network. 7 Savoring. 7 Self-efficacy. 7 Stress. 7 Student success. 8 Research Questions 8 Hypotheses 9 Significance of the Study 11 Chapter II: Literature Review 13 Conceptualization of Stress 13 Theoretical Background of Stress 15 Holistic Stress Model. 16 Conceptualization of stress in the current study. 17 Conceptualizing Eustress 18 Challenge Stressor-Hindrance Stressor Framework. 23 ii Measurement of Eustress 24 Qualitative approach. 25 Quantitative approach. 26 Constructs Related to Eustress among Adolescents 34 The Adolescent Development Context and Stressors 36 Constructs Potentially Associated with Eustress in Adolescents 37 Self-efficacy. 37 Flow. 38 Student engagement. 39 Coping. 41 Grit. 42 Adolescents in Accelerated Curricula 43 Summary of the Literature 46 Chapter III: Methods 48 Participants 48 Issues of Diversity 50 Procedures 51 Data collection. 51 Measures: Nomological Network of Eustress 52 School Attitude Assessment Survey-Revised 52 Perceived Stress Scale 54 Eustress Scale 54 Coping with Academic Demands Scale 56 Short Dispositional Flow Scale-2 57 Short Grit Scale 58 Measures: Outcomes 58 Student's Life Satisfaction Scale 58 Behavioral and Emotional Screening System 59 School Burnout Inventory 59 Academic outcomes 60 Grade Point Average 60 Ethical Concerns 62 Data Analysis 62 Chapter IV: Results 66 Data Screening 66 Data entry 66 Missing data 66 Psychometric Properties of the Eustress Scale 67 Descriptive statistics. 67 Factor structure. 69 Total sample. 69 Gender. 72 iii Grade. 73 Program. 75 Reliability. 76 Eustress by Gender, Grade, and Program 76 Correlates of Eustress 77 Distress. 77 Student engagement. 79 Coping strategies. 82 Self-efficacy. 86 Flow. 87 Grit. 89 Relationship Between Eustress and Student Outcomes 90 Academic Performance. 91 Life Satisfaction. 92 School Burnout. 93 Psychopathology 95 Chapter V: Discussion 99 Measuring Eustress within Adolescents in Rigorous Academic Programs 99 Measuring Eustress within Gender, Grade Level, and Program Subgroups 101 Correlates of Eustress 103 Relationship between Eustress and Student Outcomes 106 Implications for School Psychologists 107 Contributions to the Literature 109 Limitations 111 Summary and Future Directions 112 References 116 Appendices 126 Appendix A: Eustress Scale used by O'Sullivan (2011) 127 Appendix B: Parent Consent Form 128 Appendix C: Student Assent 130 Appendix D: Demographics Form 131 Appendix E: School Attitude Assessment Survey-Revised (SAAS-R) 132 Appendix F: Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) 134 Appendix G: Modified Eustress Scale 135 Appendix H: Coping with Academic Demands Scale (CADS) 136 Appendix I: Short Grit Scale 140 Appendix J: Student Life Satisfaction Scale (SLSS) 142 Appendix K: School Burnout Inventory (SBI) 143 Appendix L: Confirmatory Factor Analysis for Gender 144 Appendix M: Confirmatory Factor Analysis for Grade 145 Appendix N: Confirmatory Factor Analysis for Program 147 iv Appendix O: Eustress Distress Model 148 Appendix P: Eustress Affective Engagement Model 149 Appendix Q: Eustress Cognitive Engagement Model 150 Appendix R: Eustress Time and Task Management Model 151 Appendix S: Eustress Cognitive Reappraisal Model 152 Appendix T: Eustress Talk with Classmates and Friends Model 153 Appendix U: Eustress Deterioration Model 154 Appendix V: Eustress Self-Efficacy Model 155 Appendix W: Eustress Flow Model 156 Appendix X: Eustress Grit Model 157 Appendix Y: Model Fit Information for Eustress and Student Outcomes 158 Appendix Z: Permission Information for Figure 2 159 Appendix AA: IRB Approval Letter 160


This m/s presents a continental hydrological model for South America. It is forced by global rainfall and climate data and calibrated to streamflow records for a large number of stations. The agreement with recorded streamflow is presented, as well as that with satellite-derived evaporation (ET) and total water storage (TWS). The agreement with observed streamflow is better than that of an ensemble of 3 global models driven by the same precipitation estimates.


Brand personality (BP) in the postmodern marketplace encompasses a variety of anthropomorphized attributes associated with a brand, reflecting on a wide spectrum of social, cultural, and psychological associations capturing various aspects in everyday life stories of consumers. Most prior research onBP, however, has employed a psychology-based approach, and has not yet fully demonstrated the concept's market-driven scope in the contemporary brand schema. To bridge the gap between the practitioner and scholar, this study employed a consumption symbolism approach to develop a multicomponent structure ofBP. A qualitative study was conducted with 36 brands of six product/service categories (fashion/luxury, beverage, automotive, personal computer, cosmetics, and retailer) within a specific context (South Korea). The results yielded a prototype of multicomponent BP structure consisting of one psychological component (traits) and three sociocultural components (narratives of socioeconomic/life scene/physical variability). The findings of the study broaden the current understanding of BP by suggesting a multidisciplinary perspective embracing its sociocultural aspects, and by empirically demonstrating the prototype reflecting on a wide spectrum of consumer narratives.


Polycrystalline-diamond-compact (PDC) bits have become an established new generation of oilfield bits, particularly for drilling soft-to-medium-hard, nonabrasive formations. The development of these bits is still at an exciting stage. The state of the art in PDC cutters and bits is discussed and illustrated by a rich source of fairly recent literature. A look into the future is attempted in light of the bits' potential.


The instructor of an MBA class was asked by an analyst for a major forest products firm to analyze a large scale plant expansion. After some thought, it was suggested to the firm's management that this problem was extremely complex and should probably be simulated. It was further suggested that the MBA class should conduct and carry out the simulation study. The initial response of the company management was, "Are You kidding--let students conduct a simulation of this firm? What do they know?" After some additional discussions and persuasion, management began to realize that many students do possess considerable expertise similar or better than that of employees in the firm. In this particular case, many of the students had been employed in managerial and analyst positions in industrial organizations prior to returning for an MBA. With convincing arguments, the firm's management, suffering some anxiety, agreed to the use of students as consultants to evaluate a multi-million dollar expansion of plant and equipment.


Over the last decade, the fast growing area of artificial intelligence and machine learning has made its vast impact in various fields such as healthcare sector, security, market, image processing, etc. Deep learning has also evolved these days for prediction and forecasting as the performance of the machine learning algorithms does not show good results with large amounts of data. Whereas, Deep learning shows better results and performance with large amounts of data but it requires large computational power. Nowadays, computational power is not the limitation, hence deep learning is at its boost. The healthcare sector is using deep learning techniques for human disease classification, detection, or even predictions related to disease. Our research is also based upon the technique which is known as Decision Trees. The objective of our research is to predict the various outcomes of Myocardial Infarction (commonly known as a heart attack) using the Decision Trees but also using one more technique to improve the accuracy of prediction and this technique is known as Pruning. This is a type of Cardiovascular disease which affects the blood vessels as well as the heart. Cardiovascular diseases cause deaths in large numbers globally. Due to Cardiovascular diseases, nearly 17.9 million people died in 2019 in which heart attack and stroke were the main reasons for 85% of deaths. A heart attack which is also known as Myocardial Infarction causes damage to the heart muscles because of the decrease in the flow of blood or when the flow of blood completely stops to the coronary artery of the heart.


The first carbazole alkaloid to be isolated was murrayanine (l), extracted from the stem bark of the small tree Murrayu koenigii in India.' Since then, the field has expanded enormously, largely due to the promising biological activities of many of these alkaloids. This class of alkaloids has primarily been isolated from plants of the genus Murrayu, Glycosmis and Cluusenu from the Rutaceae family and characteristic members include 1-oxygenated carbazole alkaloids such as aldehyde 1, mukoeic acid (2): and mukonine (3):~~ The shrub Cluusenu excuvutu has traditionally been used in China for the treatment of snakebites, abdominal pain and as a detoxification agent. Extensive studies of the Clausenu genus have resulted in isolation of several compounds with interesting biological activities. Clausine E (4), for instance, isolated from C. e x c a ~ u t u ~ ~ and Cluusenu anisutu? has displayed antiplatelet aggregating5 and antitumor properties (Fig. 1).8


Objective
To investigate the value of statistical parametric mapping (SPM) analysis of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET imaging in the differential diagnosis of Parkinsonism in single-case level.

Methods
SPM software was used to retrospectively analyze the 18F-FDG PET images of 160 patients (104 males, 56 females, age: 30-82 years) who were suspected with Parkinsonism at baseline and were clinical confirmed by follow-up from April 2010 to December 2017. 18F-FDG PET images of patients was compared with those of age-matched healthy controls in single-case level using two-sample t test in SPM software to obtain the imaging diagnosis. By comparing imaging diagnosis with the final clinical diagnosis, the diagnostic accuracy of SPM in the overall cohort as well as the early subcohort (duration of disease less than 2 years (56 males, 22 females, age: 50-82 years)) were calculated respectively.

Results
Among 160 patients with Parkinsonism, 146(91.2%) had the same 18F-FDG PET diagnosis as their final clinical diagnosis. The diagnostic sensitivity for Parkinson′s disease (PD), multiple system atrophy (MSA), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and cortical basal ganglia degeneration (CBD) were 93.5%(86/92), 92.3%(24/26), 84.0%(21/25) and 15/17, respectively. The specificity were 95.6%(65/68), 95.5%(128/134), 96.3%(130/135) and 100%(143/143), respectively. In the early subcohort, the analysis also achieved similar differential diagnosis effectiveness(92.3%).

Conclusion
The single-case 18F-FDG PET imaging SPM analysis can be helpful in the early differential diagnosis of Parkinsonism effectively.

Key words:
Parkinsonian disorders; Positron-emission tomography; Diagnosis, differential; Deoxyglucose


consequence of failure and is apt to be chronic, disabling, and resistant to intervention.12 The spatial functions of the dominant hemisphere are concerned with the control of changes in posture, and its complex verbal and praxic functions derive from such control."' Damage may impair the acquisition of motor skills,'3 especially those requiring rapid movement.'4 Apraxia may be a prominent feature-the inability to perform purposive or complex movements, despite intact mobility, sensation, and co-ordination.') These features may arise from lesions in the dominant hemisphere, both hemispheres, or occasionally (as with dressing apraxia) the non-dominant hemisphere. Apraxias may not only be acquired: they may be recognised as developmental defects in clumsy children.) They are less likely to be troublesome in left-handed people.'" Bilateral apraxia, with disconnection between the idea of the movement and its motor execution (ideomotor apraxia17) or a defect in the actual handling of objects (ideational apraxia' 7), is due to lesions near the supramarginal gyrus of the dominant hemisphere, and often coexists with aphasia. A lesion underlying Broca's area and the left motor cortex may result in an expressive aphasia, right hemiplegia, and a "sympathetic" apraxia of the non-paralysed left arm.'8 "I A pure articulatory apraxia has been described,21' and apraxias may affect the faciocranial musculature, arms, trunk, and legs in descending order of frequency.2' More specific apraxias are also recognised. Constructional apraxia affects assembling and drawing22 23; it occurs twice as frequently2' and with greater severity25 when the lesion is on the right side. Left hemisphere lesions disrupt the sequencing of movements necessary for constructional activity, whereas twoor three-dimensional visuospatial defects underlie right hemisphere lesions.2" 23 Ocular apraxia27 (inability to move the eyes to command) may occur with lesions of either hemisphere. Apraxia of gait may result from bilateral frontal lesions2" or from damage in the posterior temporal regions mediated via Turcks's tract.21 There may be inability to correct postural errors even when attention is drawn to them (apraxic astasia) or inability to walk, although walking can be simulated while lying down (apraxic abasia).' The basis of apraxia is uncertain. Brodal2" argued that it is due to loss of the capacity to permit automatic performance of movements organised at spinal level; whereas Brain1" considered the distinction between apraxia and agnosia to be ill defined, and Ettlinger3"1 emphasised that apraxias are language dependent in so far as they are movements in response to commands. The failure may be in kinaesthetic memory:" or feedback32 or a failure to process information at a normal rate.:33 Whatever the merits of the theories, however, the value of active rehabilitation in overcoming these neurophysiological handicaps is undoubted.34 Thus greater success could follow more accurate diagnosis and treatment, and relatively simple measures may be of immense help. Recounting his own experience after a stroke, Brodal2" commended the value of passive movement in making functional movement easier. Hurwitz and Adams:15 saw the essentials for the restoration of motor function as including an emphasis on normal postural settings and patterns of movement rather than on muscle strengthening; on sensory input and awareness of activity in hemiplegic limbs; and on the initiation of movements from the proximal muscle groups.


Objective:To establish a model of collagen induced arthritis(CIA) in rats and investigate the effect of leflunomide and methotrexate on CIA in infancy rats. Methods:We reproduced an experimental arthritis model on healthy wistar rats [female, 4 to 5 weeks old, (150±10) g weight] by intradermal injection of Ⅱ type collagen. After that, all rats were divided into three groups randomly and treated differently: In Group LEF, the rats were treated with LEF+Pred for 4 weeks; in Group MTX, the rats were treated with MTX+Pred for 4 weeks; in Group blank control, rats were treated with placebo for 4 weeks. Then we examined arthritis index, ankle joint volume, balance of movement, the X-ray of the rats' ankle, the histopathology of ankle joint, liver and kidney, the serum IgG and C-reactive protein. Results:The arthritis index, ankle joint volume, balance of movement, the X-ray of ankle joint and the histopathology of ankle joint showed more significant amelioration in Group LEF and Group MTX than the control group, P0.05. There was only one rat appearing hyaline degeneration in Group LEF and 6 rats appearing hyaline degeneration and spotting necrosis in Group MTX. There was significant difference in the pathologic results of hepatic tissue between these two groups(P0.05). Conclusion:LEF and MTX both can inhibit the swollen degree of the rats' ankles and synovium inflammatory responses and improve the motive function, but LEF has less side effects than MTX.


The Internet of Things, which is surging the third tide of information technology, has tremendous ap-plication prospect. It transmits information based on sensor nodes. Data aggregation is necessary for Internet ofthings, as one of its characteristic, has limited energy, calculation and etc. It could be easily threatened during da-ta aggregating. To guarantee the authenticity and reliability of the data resulting from aggregation, a model basedon trust data and energy is proposed, simulation experiments approve that the model is reliable.


Ensuring the required vehicle life is one of the most important global engineering challenges. Checking the fatigue life, first of all, is carried out separately for components, electronic and mechanical systems of the car by the bench test method, and the next step is to check the fatigue life of the car assembled by the road test method. The most urgent task is to check the strength and durability of the car chassis in the early stages of design. Currently, the mandatory and classic approach of all leading automakers when designing a car at the stage of a technical project is to apply the methodology for checking the vehicle's steering suspension device and its power structure on multi-channel stands, and the hub assembly verification methodology is separately applied. [1] This paper describes the basic principles of the hub assembly methodology checking to be applied to any motor vehicle. The aim of this work is to demonstrate the versatility of the developed methodology for assessing the strength and durability of suspension elements. Substantiated adaptation (adjustment) of the forced load cycle of a passenger car of class M1, M2 is offered to an unmanned vehicle.


Virtual environment (VE) technologies have considerable potential to extend the power of information visualization methods, and those of scientific visualization more broadly. Our specific focus here is on VE technologies as a medium for geographic visualization and on some of the challenges that must be addressed if the potential of VE is to be realized in this context.


Ni-B/SiO_2 amorphous catalyst was explored in hydrogenation of dinitrobenzene to dianiline. In comparison with other Ni-based catalysts, such as Raney Ni,Ni-B/SiO_2 amorphous catalyst exhibited higher activity and better selectivity for dianiline.The silica support could disperse the catalyst, increase the surface active area of the catalyst.


We examine the process e + e − →W + W − in the context of the SP(6) L ⊗U(1) γ family model. We find that there are significant deviations in the total cross sections σ(s) and dσ/d cosθ from the standard-model results due to the existence of an additional neutral gauge boson in the SP(6) L ⊗(1)γ model


496 Background: Adjuvant fluoropyrimidine (FP) +/- oxaliplatin (OX) ST improves overall survival (OS) following curative resection of stage II or III CRC, while other regimens do not. Utility of pseudo-adjuvant ST in mCRC patients who achieved R0 resection of their metastases remains controversial. We aim to describe population-based outcomes based on choice of ST. Methods: Patients diagnosed with mCRC from 2003 to 2010 and referred to any 1 of 5 cancer centers in British Columbia, Canada were reviewed. We categorized patients who underwent a successful R0 resection of their metastases into 3 groups based on receipt of peri-operative ST: 1) FP alone; 2) OX-based; and 3) non-standard or no ST. We compared OS using multivariate Cox regression models that adjusted for potential confounders. Results: We identified and reviewed 1,641 patients with mCRC among whom 225 achieved R0 resection of their metastases. In this cohort, median age was 63 years (Interquartile range (IQR) 55-70), 118 (52%) were men, 196 (87...


Due to the unknown complexity of geological conditions, drilling operations are difficult to carry out. It is of great value to implement drilling measurement while drilling. However, due to the poor working conditions underground, information transmission for the drilling process may be affected, which leads to the loss and conflicts of the data. It is necessary to use effective method to deal with the data and to make evaluation for the drilling process. In this paper, we present a D-S data fusion method and use fused data to form a framework to evaluate efficiency for the drilling process. We can efficiently analyze the entire drilling process and optimize the drilling parameters based on this framework.


Programmed Death-1 (PD-1) is a co-inhibitory receptor that is highly expressed on exhausted tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in cancers and on virus-specific T cells in chronic HBV, HIV and HCV infection. Signaling through PD-1 inhibits T cell effecter function and limits effective anti-tumor and anti–viral immune responses. Despite its importance in both cancers and infectious diseases, the molecular mechanisms driving high PD-1 expression are not fully understood. In this study, we found that transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) enhances antigen-induced PD-1 expression on activated human and murine T cells in vitro and in vivo. A transcription factor, Smad, transduces signals from TGF-β superfamily ligands that regulate cell proliferation, differentiation and death through activation of receptor serine/threonine kinases. Inhibition of Smad3 phosphorylation or genetic deletion of Smad3 abrogates PD-1 enhancement on human and murine T cells, demonstrating that Smad3 is a critical mediator of TGF-β1-effects on PD-1 regulation. In addition, we found that Smad3 enhances Pdcd-1 transcription by binding to its proximal promoter region. Finally, a PD-1 subset in Smad3-deficient CD8+ TILs was significantly decreased compared to wild-type T cells in a murine model of melanoma in association with enhanced anti-tumor function. In addition to TGF-β1's previously known effects on T cell function, our findings suggest that TGF-β1 mediates suppression via PD-1 upregulation in the tumor microenvironment. Thus, Smad3 may represent an additional target in therapeutic modulation of PD-1.


The purpose of this study is to provide basic information to develop a game strategy plan of a team in a future by identifying the patterns of attack and pass of national men ' s professional volleyball teams and extracting core key words related with volleyball game performance to evaluate game performance using ' social network analysis ' and ' text mining ' . As for the analysis result of ' social network analysis ' with the whole data, group ' 0 ' (6 players) and group ' 1 ' (11 players) were partitioned. A point of view the degree centrality and betweenness centrality in ' social network analysis ' results, we can know that the group ' 1 ' more active game performance than the group ' 0 ' . The significant result for two group (win and loss) obtained by ' text mining ' according to two groups ( ' 0 ' and ' 1 ' ) obtained by ' social network analysis ' showed significant difference ( p -value: 0.001). As for clustering of each network, group ' 0 ' had the tendency to score points through set player D and E. In group ' 1 ' , the player K had the tendency to fail if he attack through ' dig ' ; players C and D have a good performance through ' set ' play.


We studied the fatigue characteristics of sol-gel ferroelectric Pb(Zr0.4Ti0.6)O3 (PZT) thin-film capacitors measuring hysteresis loops, time-zero current voltage characteristics and the dielectric constant after polarization switching. All evaluations were carried out on samples with certain switching cycles at the slow fatigue stage, logarithmic fatigue stage and saturated stage. Oxygen-deficient regions at the interfaces at both the top and bottom electrodes were formed after fatigue, as found by observing Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) depth profiles. Time-zero current-voltage (I-V) characteristics show that ohmic leakage current increased as the switching cycles increased during fatigue. This indicates that oxygen vacancies as donors arising during fatigue may compensate the lead vacancies as acceptors. The electric field dependence of Pr+-Pr- and that of the dielectric constant show that the motion of domains, which can move in the electric field near a coercive field, is suppressed after fatigue. We conclude that the oxygen vacancies suppress the domain motion and cause remanent polarization degradation. Since the biased-dielectric constant beyond 150 kV/cm showed no significant change after fatigue, it seems that no low-dielectric-constant regions adjacent to the electrode were generated during fatigue.


Malignant Lymphoma is uncommon in female genital tract. A rare presentation of Malignant Lymphoma of the vagina has been reported here. A 61 years old woman presented with postmenopausal bleeding of 10 days duration. On examination per vaginum, the patient had firm nodular infiltrative growth involving entire posterior vaginal wall and full thickness of recto-vaginal septum. Bleeding ulcer was seen at the superior part of the growth which is extending up to introitus. Cervix was free. Per rectal examination showed infiltration of anterior rectal wall. There was no lymphadenopathy or hepato-splenomegaly. C.T. Scan of abdomen revealed a large malignant soft tissue tumor involving the walls of vagina and infiltrating the rectum. Histopathology of the tumor revealed Diffuse Histiocytic lymphoma.


How to turn market shifts into marketing opportunities how to build a niche marketing database where to mine for niches how to differentiate your product or service from the competition's how to obtain and maintain funding how to deal with production, logistics, distribution, planning, personnel, advertising and selling how to get potential users to try a product.


ABSTRACT Background: Mixing alcohol with energy drinks (AmED use) has been purported to increase risky behavior and alcohol consumption. The current study applied a within-subject retrospective self-report design to examine the association between AmED use (versus alcohol-only) and risky behavior, alcohol consumption and motivations. Method: New Zealand alcohol consumers aged 18–35 years (n = 289; AmED users: n = 143) completed an online survey. Results: Compared to alcohol-only, AmED use was associated with significant reductions in nine of twenty-six risk taking behaviors. The average amount of alcohol consumed did not differ between sessions. Maximum alcohol intake was greater in alcohol-only sessions than in AmED sessions. Motivations for consuming AmEDs and beliefs on their effects were not related to differences in typical alcohol intake in either session. The motivation to drink AmED "for the thrill" was associated with a higher general risk-taking propensity score, but not motivations and beliefs relating to being in control and feeling less drunk. AmED users did not have a significantly higher general risk-taking propensity than non-users. Conclusions: AmED use does not appear to increase risk-taking behavior or alcohol consumption and is associated with decreased risk-taking behavior and binge drinking.


Acoustic array bunching is an effective method to realize the directional radiation of underwater plasma sound source (UPSS). The prebreakdown time is one of the decisive factors for the performance of acoustic array bunching. The working characteristics of the underwater plasma sound source and the prebreakdown process of underwater plasma arc discharge are deeply analyzed. The precondition of plasma sound source array bunching is given by analyzing the waveforms of electrical signals and acoustic signals. Through the experiments of arc discharge based on different aqueous solutions, a feasible scheme of underwater plasma sound source array bunching in salt water is proposed. Through the arc discharge experiments based on different system discharge parameters, the variation of prebreakdown time under the influence of different charging voltage, conductivity, and other parameters was studied. The experimental results show that the prebreakdown time decreases with the increase of charging voltage and conductivity. At the same time, the discharge current increases, the oscillation time decreases, and the energy injection rate on the electrode accelerates. The research results are helpful to understand the prebreakdown mechanism of plasma sound source and optimize the underwater plasma sound source array bunching scheme and the acoustic shock wave waveform.


The structure of magnetosonic eigenmodes was investigated analytically within the framework of simple two- and three-dimensionally inhomogeneous models. Asymptotic (in the limit m ≫ 1, where m is azimuthal wave number) expressions were obtained for the eigenfrequency spectrum of magnetosonic oscillations in the cavity resonator under the plasmapause, as well as for outer magnetospheric cavity modes, the outer boundary for which is represented by the magnetopause. These oscillations were found to be damped ones. Furthermore, the damping of the eigenoscillations in the cavity under the plasmapause is caused by the escape of some of their energy through the potential barrier to the outer magnetosphere. The damping of the outer magnetospheric cavity modes is due to the fact that the magnetopause represents a partially reflecting boundary, through which a part of the oscillation energy escapes to the solar wind. In terms of an axisymmetric model of the magnetosphere, asymptotic (when m ≫ 1) expressions were obtained for damping decrements of the eigenmodes. The spatial structure of magnetosonic eigenmodes was investigated in a simple three-dimensionally inhomogeneous model of the magnetosphere. The asymptotic expression was obtained for the spectrum of their eigenfrequencies.


Incubation of thymidine diphospho(TDP)-ᴅ-[U-14C] -glucose with a cell-free extract from Streptomyces aureofaciens and subsequent hydrolysis of the nucleotide sugars led to the formation of 4 radioactive products (I -IV ). Addition of pyruvate to the incubation caused an increase in the amount of I I I and a decrease in that of II. Product I was identified as 4-keto-6-deoxyglucose. Product III was isolated on a preparative scale as the methylglycoside and was identified as α-methyl- 2,6-dideoxy-4-C-[1'-oxoethyl]-ʟ-lyxo-hexopyranoside (Fig. 1, 3) from its NM R spectrum and by its borate complex formation, which established the cis configuration of the hydroxyl groups at C-3 and C-4. The oxoethyl-branched sugar formed in the cell-free system is epimer at C-3 with the sugar formed in vivo by S. aureofaciens. The reason for this difference is not clear. Product II could be tentatively formulated as 4-keto-2,6-dideoxy-ʟ-lyxo-hexopyranose (6 ) on the basis of its chromatographic and chemical properties and its reduction by sodiumborohydride to two sugars. The products II - IV were also obtained when TDP-4-keto-6-deoxyglucose was the substrate of the reaction. Addition of thiaminepyrophosphate to the incubation in the presence of pyruvate did not increase the yield of III . The increasf in the amount of III formed in the presence of pyruvate could be inhibited by addition of glyoxylic acid. After incubation of [α-14C]-hydroxethyl-thiaminepyrophosphate with TDP-glucose in the cell-free extract no radioactive III could be detected.


In a material of 145 diabetic and 126 matched non‐diabetic schoolchildren aged 7–20 years, the social and family structure was investigated. Family history of mental disturbances and actual mental symptoms of the children were obtained by interviews with the mothers. A diagnosis of the mental health of the children and their mothers was arrived at by clinical judgement. Roughly half the diabetic series was treated more strictly and intensely than the other.


Frank Barrett locates the actual settings for popular children's stories, such as the bridge which Pooh plays Poohsticks from in the A. A. Milne stories and the Oxford river featured in Alice in Wonderland. Also includes locations featured in The Lion, The Witch And The Wardrobe, Danny, The Champion of The World and The Wind In The Willows.


Negative ions compact cyclotrons serve many applications and are known to be effective due to their simple and efficient extraction as well as the large circulating currents without the requirement of separated turns. TR30s are compact cyclotrons that have continued to experience impressive technological advances over the last few decades, driven primarily by medical isotope production needs. Their space charge limits are in the range of 1 to 2 mA, and we explored the combination of our machines' age and the challenges of maintaining their performances. Certain subsystems are detailed with specific examples from more than 30 years of around-the-clock, quasi continuous operations with TR30 cyclotrons. The subsystems' failures and their part in the overall downtime will be presented.


Distributed generation(DG) using microturbine will be adopted widely because of its various usages and merits such as high heat efficiency, environmental-friendliness. Commercialized DG using microtubine that rotates up to 60,000~100,000[rpm] converters mechanical power to electricity by permanent magnet synchronous machine. This paper presents comparative test and simulation results of PMSM as generator. Test was done by diode rectifier and inverter. Parameters used in the simulation are driven from FEM analysis. Under various speed and load conditions, V-I characteristics matches well and it suggests the possibility of high speed PMSM as generator. DG operating at stand alone and grid connection mode will be developed.


Volleyball is one sports that is played in various world major competitions, such as the Asian Games and the Olympics. A measuring the performance and skills of players in volleyball is necessary. Various studies continue to develop volleyball and improve the performance of its players. Inspection of the performance and improvement of volleyball skills requires a valid and reliable test instrument. In this paper, the development of a volleyball skills test instrument for advanced-level students is presented. This work had a research and development design. The research step consists of need analysis, design, development, trial and validation. Advanced-level students in the coaching department (n=40) were recruited for this study. A series of measurements in volleyball skills, including overhand serve, underarm pass, forearm pass, smash, and blocking, were assessed. The validity and reliability of the instrument for advanced-level students were investigated. The instrument's validity and reliability were measured in two ways, namely, via a scoring system and by technical assessment from judges. The product-moment of the Pearson and Wherry-Doolittle methods was adopted in the data analysis. Based on the experimental results, the validity and reliability of the test in terms of the underarm pass, forearm pass, serve, smash, and blocking were high and very high, respectively. Moreover, based on the score of each skill test and the judges' assessments, the validity and reliability of the volleyball skill tests were very high (0.837 and 0.973, respectively). In short, the experimental results show that the volleyball skills test instrument is suitable for advanced-level students.


The problem of global optimal static output feedback control for linear time-invariant systems with linear quadratic index is investigated. The contributions of this paper are two-fold. One is to investigate the dependence of the global optimal output feedback gain on the system initial conditions. The other is to construct a globally optimal feedback under a certain output measurement structure. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The adsorption and desorption of poly(tetrahydrofurane), poly(methyl methacrylate) and poly(butyl methacrylate) on/from an oxidized silicon surface are studied. For monodisperse polymers, it is found that under stationary conditions a constant adsorbed amount is established within a few minutes. For polydisperse polymers, exchange processes between small and big molecules may slow down the kinetics to a time scale of hours. A measure for the segmental adsorption energy can be obtained from the concentration of a low molecular weight displacer needed to displace a polymer entirely from the surface. The rate of polymer desorption by such a displacer is much more rapid than the rate of desorption by a displacing polymer


Proteins are aminoacid chains that diffusively fold or unfold depending on the thermal and chemical environmental conditions. While sophisticated models account for detailed aspects of real proteins, finding traits that unify protein dynamics to general open chains relaxation is still challenging. The principle of minimal frustration represents a key step towards this goal, revealing a fundamental link between proteins and spin glasses. Here, we search for the emergence of protein-like relaxation in open spin chains by going beyond the validity domain of the minimal frustration principle as to focus on the role of system-environment interactions rather than on frustration in the system's Hamiltonian. We find that strong asymmetries between the couplings of each spin to its immediate surroundings imply close similarities to protein folding and unfolding dynamics. Namely, an asymmetric bath can (i) block the system from finding its minimum energy state, even in the complete absence of energetic frustration in the system's Hamiltonian, and (ii) excite the system resembling the well-known distinction between thermal and chemical denaturations.


Under my direction, the first double-blind experiments were conducted in psychiatry. With the first one we examined the efficacy of a yeast nucleotide preparation which had been claimed to be effective in treating chronic schizophrenic patients. None of the patients improved. With the second experiment we compared the efficacy of nicotinic acid, nicotinamide, and placebo in combination with the standard treatment of that day (electroconvulsive therapy, psychotherapy, and sedatives). The clinician in charge of each case decided whether or not to use ECT. Half from each of the three groups (usually the sickest patients) received ECT. Nicotinamide was used as a hidden control group to compensate for the vasodilation (flush) produced by nicotinic acid when the medication is started. None of the nursing or medical staff were aware of the nicotinamide group. The 30 patients were admitted from the community to a psychiatric ward and had not spent long periods of time in any institution. They were mainly acute and subacute. On the average they were in hospital about two months while going through the experimental program.


Micropollutants are natural and manmade substances, such as pharmaceutical and personal care products, pesticides and industrial chemicals, which have been detected in water and in the environment in very low concentrations. Many of them, raise considerable toxicological concerns, are poorly removable by conventional wastewater treatment technologies. To reduce the release of such substances into the aquatic environment two advanced treatment processes based on ozone utilisation were investigated in laboratory scale. Degradation of two types of micropollutants, i.e. selected organochlorine pesticides and oil compounds have been studied. The results of ozonation and O3/(UV show that the highest removal rates were observed during the first 5 minutes of ozonation for all investigated pollutants. Removal efficiencies of chlorinated pesticides were in the range from 70.2 to 90.7 % after 60 minutes of ozonation. Removal efficiencies of about 90 % were observed for all investigated BTX compounds after 40 minutes of ozonation..


Proceeding from such perspectives as the development of medical science and technology,the prevention and treatment of diseases,and the needs of hospitals for self-development,the paper discusses the significance of building research-oriented hospitals.It also expounds the concept and intensional features of research-oriented hospitals in light of the successful experience of specialty hospitals that have developed through science and education,the development strategies and measures of research-oriented enterprises and universities,and the unique features of hospitals.At the same time the paper puts forward suggestions for appropriately handling certain relationships in the building of research-oriented hospitals.


Oscillatory behavior is ubiquitous in nature and technology, e.g. as subthreshold oscillations or excitatory and inhibitory interactions of nerve cells. To gain insight in the mechanisms of phase synchronization of chaotic intensity pulsations in lasers [1], we first investigated the synchronization of quasiperiodic oscillations with two semiconductor lasers in experiment. The devices each are a single-mode distributed feedback (DFB) laser, integrated in a compound cavity with a passive phase-tuning section and an amplifier section [2]. Similar devices have recently been proposed for the generation of high-dimensional optical chaos, used in communication schemes with enhanced privacy [1].


Objective To develop a method in detection of bacteria endotoxin for recombinant human ciliary neurotrophic factor for injection with the gel-clot test and the kinetic turbidimetric test for the control of the quality of the drug and prevention of pyroten reaction in clinical practice.Methods the experiment was conducted according to BET in China Pharmacopoeia 2010,third section.Results The protein concentration was 100 μg / mL,the detection limit for acterial endotoxin as defined 10 EU / mL.With the gel-clot test and the kinetic turbidimetric test,results of the tested samples were validated.Conclusion Both the gel-clot test and the kinetic turbidimetric test are suitable for bacterial endotoxin test of recombinant human ciliary neurotrophic factor for injection.


Background: Parkinson's disease is a slowly progressing neurodegenerative disease with accumulation of alpha synuclein and the formation of Levy's intraneuronal bodies. The prevalence of PD ranges from 100 to 200 cases per 100,000 population, however, in reality in Ukraine, many cases of the disease remain undiagnosed, which affects the statistical indicators of disease burden. Aim of the Study: Comparison of PD epidemiological indices in the Southern Ukraine versus allUkrainian rates. Materials and Methods: Analysis of static data of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, health departments of Odessa, Mykolaiv and Kherson regions for 2015-2017. There were used the methods of descriptive statistics and analysis of variance. Results: Average prevalence of PD in the Ukraine is 67.5 per 100,000 population – it's close to the Eastern Europe rate. The highest prevalence was registered in Lviv (142.5 per 100000), Vinnytsia (135.9 per 100000), Cherkasy (108.6 per 100,000) and Kyiv (107.1 per 100,000) regions. The lowest prevalence rates were in the Luhansk (37.9 per 100,000), Kropivnitsky (42.5 per 100,000), Chernivtsi (49.0 per 100,000) and Ternopil (49,6 per 100,000) regions. In the Southern Ukraine the highest prevalence of PD was found in the Mykolayv region. The prevalence was higher in the urban area and in the districts located closely to the regional capital city. Based on the total population and demographic properties in Odesa, Mykolaiv and Kherson regions, it can be Original Research Article Hubetova; AJORRIN, 3(1): 11-18, 2020; Article no.AJORRIN.56133 12 concluded that at least 40-50% of patients with PD are left outside the sphere of medical care, and in some areas of these regions this index is 80-90%. Conclusion: To optimize the diagnostic process and standardize epidemiological data, it is necessary to intensify the work of centers of extrapyramidal diseases in all regions of Ukraine, including intra-center and inter-center information databases to obtain adequate and pertinent statistical data.


Fleur Sharman outlines some of the benefits to both residents and staff of having a nurse call system in place in a home, and highlights the importance of proper training and awareness of its use.


Rhododendron datiandingense Z.J.Feng was not validated published because two types were designated.It is validated herein with designating the holotype.R.dunnii Wils.,which is easily distinguished from R.henryi Hance by its indumentum of petiole and ovary,and the shape of sepals.It should be reinstated to specific rank from a variety(R.henryi Hance var.dunnii(Wils.) M.Y.He).


Re-quantization commonly occurs when digital multimedia content is being tampered with. Detecting requantization is therefore an important element for assessing the authenticity of digital multimedia content. In this paper, we introduce three features based on the observation that re-quantization (i) induces periodic artifacts and (ii) introduces discontinuities in the signal histogram. After validating the discriminative potential of these features with synthetic signals, we propose a system to detect JPEG re-compression. Both linear (FLD) and non-linear (SVM) classifications are investigated. Experimental results clearly demonstrate the ability of the proposed features to detect JPEG re-compression, as well as their competitiveness compared to prior approaches to achieve the same goal.


ABSTRACT Capillary electrochromatography with a short and highly cross-linked butyl methacrylate based negative charged monolith as stationary phase was developed. The reproducibility of the column in different kinds of mobile phase was investigated. Moreover, the effects of the operational parameters such as, applied voltage, salt concentration, pH, and organic modifier content in the mobile phase on EOF, as well as the retention mechanism of small neutral compounds on such a column were studied systematically. It was found that the reproducibility and stability of the column is satisfactory in the buffer with very extreme pH values. The retention mechanism of neutral solutes on such a column proved to be similar to that of reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography.


To provide a low-melting fusible alloy type thermal fuse and a fuse element, wherein the alloy composition of the fuse element is 100 parts by weight of In, and In90 ~ 99.9% or Ag0.1 ~ 10%, or In95 ~ 99.9%, and in Sb0.1 ~ 5%, adding at least one of 0.01 to 7 parts by weight were selected from Au, Bi, Cu, Ni, Pd in. This can fully satisfy the operating temperature in the range of 135 ℃ ~ 160 ℃ environmental requirements, to give the fuse element is approximately a diameter of about 300μmφ ultrafine fine lines, self-heating can be suppressed, and good thermal stability can be guaranteed.


Study populations are typically sampled from limited points in space and time, and marginalized groups are underrepresented. To assess the external validity of randomized and observational studies, we propose and evaluate the worst-case treatment effect (WTE) across all subpopulations of a given size, which guarantees positive findings remain valid over subpopulations. We develop a semiparametrically efficient estimator for the WTE that analyzes the external validity of the augmented inverse propensity weighted estimator for the average treatment effect. Our cross-fitting procedure leverages flexible nonparametric and machine learning-based estimates of nuisance parameters and is a regular root-n estimator even when nuisance estimates converge more slowly. On real examples where external validity is of core concern, our proposed framework guards against brittle findings that are invalidated by unanticipated population shifts.


Analyzes the defects such as large differences of students,low rate of resource sharing and lack of teachers in the teaching of Computer Basic.Describes the characteristics,advantages and major teaching of network teaching in details and proposes that the network teaching model is a useful supplement for traditional teaching mode.So that the self-learning of students and interactive teaching by teachers and student the truly be unified,and provides an idea for the teaching reformation of Computer Basic course for the university.


Development of a new scheme of processing of fruits and vegetables to get them out of semimanufactured
goods in the form of concentrated pastes. Studies on the effect of enzyme preparation Rohapect DA6L on the structural and mechanical properties of mashed potatoes and selection of optimal mustache-ditions.