25. The structure of the Eye of Trilobites. Am. Nat., xiv, PP. 503-508 ( I 880). SMITH, SIDNEY IRVING_ 26. Occurrence of Czelura lerebrans, a crustacean destructive to the timber of submarine structures on the coast of the United States. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., II, PP. 232-235 (i88o). 27. On some points in the structure of a species of the " Willemcesia group of Crustacea." Ann. and Mag., V, v, p. 269 (i88o). 28. Crustacea of Mexico and Central America. Am. Jour. Sci., III, xix, pp. 332, 333 (i880). [Notice of A. Milne-Edwards' Etudes sur les Xiphosures et les Crustaces de la region Mexicaine.] 29. [Review of Kingsley] On a collection of Crustacea from Virginia, North Carolina and Florida, with a revision of the genera of Crangonide and Paecemonid.e [supra 5]. Ann. Jour. Sci., III, XIx, pp. 423-424 (i880). 30. [Notice of Huxley's] The Crayfish; an introduction to the study of Zoology. Am. Journ., III, XIX, p. 424 (1880). ,i. Notes on Crustacea collected by Dr. G. M. Dawson at Vancouver and the Queen Charlotte islands. Report of progress of the Geol. Survey of Canada, I878-79, pp. 206 B-2I8 B (Y8.8o). 32. On the species of Pinnixa inhabiting the New England coast, with remarks on their early stages. Trans. Conn. Acad., IV, Pp. 247-253 (1880). 33. Occasional occurrence of tropical and subtropical species of Decapod Crustacea on the coast of New England. Trans. Conn. Acad., IV, pp. 254-257 (I880). 34. On the Amphipodous genera, Cerapus, Unicola and Lepidactylis. described by Thomas Say. Trans. Conn. Acad., IV, pp. 268-284, pl. iia (i88o).


Har Gabur is the carbide obtained from pig manure by burning. The fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) of Har Gabur were successfully synthesized through simulating the digestion process of human gastrointestinal tract. Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) analysis showed that the average size of the prepared Har Gabur CDs was 4 nm, with good solubility in water and strong fluorescence under UV irradiation. The X-ray and Raman results showed that the Har Gabur CDs were mainly composed of oxygen "O" and carbon "C" elements, in the forms of "C=O" and "C-O." The bond energy results showed that the nitrogen "N" atom presented as "C-N" form, which indicated that Har Gabur CDs also contain "N." In photobleaching assay, Har Gabur CDs showed excellent light stability compared with ordinary organic dye, fluorescein, and Rhodamine B. The fluorescence intensity of Har Gabur CDs was fairly stable within a wide pH range of 3–10. When L-lysine and L-cysteine were applied for the passivation stage, the relative quantum yields were improved by 1.53 and 3.68 times, respectively. Finally, the fluorescence properties of Har Gabur CDs were tested in cells and zebrafish, illustrating that Har Gabur CD has potential in the application of biological labeling and imaging.


New regimes of representation in the realcore of Porn 2.0 seem to operate beyond psychoanalytic accounts of subjectivity and desire. 'Fantasy' and 'identification' do not quite capture the forms of...


There are several reasons for environmental taxation implementation. Besides its environmental impact, the main reason for such taxation is its fiscal impact, particularly in generating revenues of public budgets. The main goal of this paper is to observe possible spatial patterns in fiscal impacts of environmental taxation in the EU countries, and to depict the groups of countries with the same (or similar) fiscal impact of these instruments on public budget revenues, including environmental and economic characteristics. Two methods of cluster analysis are used, Ward linkage and K-nearest neighbors (spatial) cluster analysis to observe potential geographical links or implication of fiscal impact. The study is performed for the years 2008 and 2017. Based on the results, we can say that in the year 2008, the EU countries were divided into "the west" and "the east", with some exceptions. The western countries were characterized by high environmental tax revenues, the eastern countries by low environmental tax revenues. For 2017, the situation is different. The border between old and new EU member states is not so abrupt and clear. The results show higher diversification between EU countries concerning the fiscal impacts of environmental taxation.


Since the report by Gudernatsch ('12), that the feeding of thyroid tissue accelerates metamorphosis of some amphibia, a great many physiological and morphological investigations have been made on precociously metamorphosed forms. Studies of morphological changes in accelerated, as well as normally metamorphosed amphibia, have been confined chiefly to macroscopical and general histological changes. The reports of Reuter ('OOa), Yung ('04), Bowers ('09), Swingle ('18), and Kuntz ('24) give in some detail the macroscopical changes in the anuran alimentary tract as evidenced by a decrease in weight and linear measurement. Ratner (1891), Reuter ('00 b), Deusberg ('OS), Kuntz ('24), and recently Janes ('32, '34) have reported at considerable length on the histological changes occurring in the digestive tract during metamorphosis. Very little, if any, detailed cytological study of the changes which take place during metamorphosis is available at present. This work attempts, in part at least, to give this information for the digestive organs of the bullfrog, Rana catesbiana, in some stages during its thyroid accelerated transformation from the limbless tailed larval form to the limbed tailless adult.


Anxiety-related attention bias (AB) is the preferential processing of threat observed in clinical and sub-clinical anxiety. Attention bias modification training (ABMT) is a computerized cognitive training technique designed to systematically direct attention away from threat and ameliorate AB, but mixed and null findings have highlighted gaps in our understanding of mechanisms underlying ABMT and how to design the most effective delivery systems. One neuromodulation technique, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) across the pre-frontal cortex (PFC) may augment the effects of ABMT by strengthening top-down cognitive control processes, but the evidence base is limited and has not been generalized to current approaches in digital therapeutics, such as mobile applications. The present study was a single-blind randomized sham-controlled design. We tested whether tDCS across the PFC, vs. sham stimulation, effectively augments the beneficial effects of a gamified ABMT mobile app. Thirty-eight adults (Mage = 23.92, SD = 4.75; 18 females) evidencing low-to-moderate anxiety symptoms were randomly assigned to active or sham tDCS for 30-min while receiving ABMT via a mobile app. Participants reported on potential moderators of ABMT, including life stress and trait anxiety. ECG was recorded during a subsequent stressor to generate respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) suppression as a metric of stress resilience. ABMT delivered via the app combined with tDCS (compared to sham) reduced AB and boosted stress resilience measured via RSA suppression, particularly for those reporting low life stress. Our results integrating tDCS with ABMT provide insight into the mechanisms of AB modulation and support ongoing evaluations of enhanced ABMT reliability and effectiveness via tDCS.


An ab initio study of Co monatomic nanowires (NW) magnetic properties on pure and oxygen reconstructed Cu (210) surface was performed. Strong influence of oxygen surface impurity on MAE in Co nanowire was found. High value of magnetic moment and small energy of magnetic anisotropy (MAE) were obtained in Co nanowires on pure Cu (210) surface. After oxygen reconstruction of Cu (210) surface (Cu (210)-(2×1)O) the significant enhancement of MAE was found in Co nanowires, while the magnetic moment of Co atoms is practically unchanged. Oxygen on Cu (210) surface rotates easy magnetization axis in Co NW with respect to the pure surface.


Reported sonographic reference values for the vagus nerves (VNs) vary greatly. We aimed to generate reference values in a large cohort and examine intrarater, interrater, and across‐ultrasound systems agreement.


Sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) are considered as promising candidates for large‐scale energy storage systems due to the wide availability and low cost of raw sodium resources. However, the heavier mass and larger radius of Na+ inevitably result in lower electrochemical kinetics and larger volume expansion of active materials than that of lighter and smaller Li+. To solve these problems, rational electrode design by integrating nanomaterials with graphene is an effective approach. In this review, the authors mainly focus on recent progress of graphene‐based nanomaterials for SIBs, including their design principle, preparation, characterization, and electrochemical performance. The important roles of graphene in graphene‐based inorganic and organic electrode materials are discussed in depth. In such composites, graphene can effectively enhance the electrical conductivity and mitigate volume change due to the robust and highly conductive networks formed by graphene. Moreover, the nanosized materials can enhance the reaction kinetics. Future research should focus on revealing the interaction mechanism between graphene and active materials, and improving the whole energy/power density, cycling stability, and the initial Coulombic efficiency of graphene‐based nanomaterials via elaborate design.


Due to its importance in hydrogen production during the photolysis process of aqueous suspensions process, mixed TiO2/V2O5 metal-oxide semiconductors were prepared and subjected to crystal structure investigation using X-ray technique. The photoelectrochemical behavior of these TiO2/V2O5 was investigated by photolysis of aqueous suspensions of these oxides containing [Fe(CN)6]4-. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that the TiO2 crystallites grow in the (1 0 1) direction, while The V2O5 crystallites seem to be growing in the (4 2 0) direction, with increasing concentration of V2O5. Photolysis studies show that photochemical activities that maintained the [Fe(CN)6]4/[Fe(CN)6]3- redox reversibility increased by increasing V2O5 up to 50% and then decreased at greater percentages. Aqueous nano systems used in these studies retained their stability as indicated by the reproducibility of their photo-catalytic activities.


Ferrofluids behave superparamagnetically and can be manipulated by external magnetic fields, providing numerous applications in microfluidic systems. In this paper, an adaptive liquid microlens driven by a ferrofluidic actuator is presented. The microlens consists of a cylindrical well filled with a lens liquid connected to a microchannel containing a ferrofluid plug. When the ferrofluid plug is moved back and forth by an external magnetic field, the lens liquid is displaced, forming a liquid lens with an adaptive focus in the cylindrical well. The focal length of the lens can be changed from infinity to the scale of the radius of the cylindrical well, leading to a high optical power compared to conventional liquid lenses utilizing liquid crystals or electrowetting. The lens curvature is reversibly tunable without hysteresis when the ferrofluid plug moves with a speed below a specific threshold value. The lens can be acted on by a magnetic field of about 100 mT which can be generated by microcoils requiring much lower voltages than the electrowetting principle.


(including dissections), ph'ysiology, and histology; and thlo second in surgery (including surgical anatomy) and pathology. Both examinations are partly written, partly practical, and partly viva voce; while the final examination includes the performance of operatione. All subjects of eitlher examination must be passed at one time, and to neither can a candidate be admitted who has been rejected in any of its subjects by any other licensing, body, within three montlhs. Candidates are not admitted to the Primary Examination except on evidence that they have already passed an examination in anatomy, physiology, and hlistology, held by some university or other body whose degrees or licences entitle the holder to admission to the Register; if, however, the candidate is a person whose name is on the Colonial or foreign medical Register, at the dcscretion of the Council. Candidates for the Final Examination must be over 25 years of age, produce a certificate of general good conduct signed by two or more Fellows of the College, and, if successful, must make a declaration before admission to the effect that they do not conduct dispensing practices, and will not do so as long as they are Fellows. Fees.Candidates for the Licence pay 5 guineas for examination, which sum, if they pass, is counted as part of the fee payable on admission to the Licence, this being 25 guineas. Candidates for the Fellowship pay 5 guineas for each examination, the total of 10 guineas being reckoned as part of the fee payable on admission to the Fellowship. That fee is 25 guineas in the case of those who are already Licentiates, and 40 guineas in the case of others.


Stem cells are capable of regenerating tissue cells. They have an important potential use in a wide range of therapies, especially as an alternative to organ transplantation, with the advantage that they can be derived from the patient and thus avoid rejection. Embryonic stem cells are potentially capable of forming all kinds of cells. Their use is controversial however, because they are derived from early embryos and because, if they were to match the patient, they would have to be obtained using the same techniques that could, in theory, be used to produce cloned individuals. This article discusses the uses and problems of stem cell research and therapy.


Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.uconn.edu/saes Part of the Agricultural and Resource Economics Commons, Demography, Population, and Ecology Commons, Entrepreneurial and Small Business Operations Commons, Growth and Development Commons, Hospitality Administration and Management Commons, Nature and Society Relations Commons, Regional Sociology Commons, Rural Sociology Commons, Tourism Commons, and the Tourism and Travel Commons


The Ca2Fe1-xNixMoO6 double perovskites with x ≤ 0.2 crystallize in a monoclinic type structure having P21/n space group. The magnetic properties of the above system can be described by a cluster glass contribution superposed on essentially ferrimagnetic type ordering. The temperature and field dependences of the magnetoresistivities were analysed considering the presence of both intergrain tunneling mechanism as well as an intragrain contribution.


Objective To study the effect of telmisartan and rosiglitozane on metabolic parameters and blood pressure in type 2 diabetic hypertensive patients. Method Forty-eight diabetic hypertensive patients received rosiglitozane (RSG) 4mg + telmisartan (Telm) 80mg, and without any other antihypertensive drugs.Results After 6 months' treatment, the patients showed a significant reduction of mean blood pressure, and a positive influence insulin resistance.Conclusion In type 2 diabetic hypertensive patients, the association of rosiglitozane and telmisartan is suitable for the metabolic syndrome.


In multi‐mineral fractured rocks, the altered porous layer on the fracture surface resulting from preferential dissolution of the fast‐reacting minerals can have profound impacts on subsequent chemical‐physical alteration of the fractures. This study adopts the micro‐continuum approach to provide further understanding of reactive transport processes in the altered layer (AL), and mass exchanges with the bordering matrix and fracture. The modeling framework couples the Darcy‐Brinkman‐Stokes (DBS) solver in COMSOL Multiphysics and the geochemical modeling capability of CrunchFlow. Three‐dimensional steady state simulations with systematically varied chemical‐physical parameters of the AL were performed to examine the impacts of individual factors and processes. Our simulation results confirm previous observations that dissolution of the fast‐reacting mineral (i.e., calcite) is largely controlled by diffusion across the AL. We also show that dissolution of the slow‐reacting mineral (i.e., dolomite), which controls AL development and fracture enlargement, increases with surface area and has a complex dependence on different local rate‐limiting processes. In particular, advection can result in evident spatial variations in the local dissolution rates of dolomite, although it does not affect the bulk chemistry significantly. The difference in the spatial patterns between simulations with and without advection in the AL is more noticeable in the locations with smaller apertures, with up to 20% difference in local reaction rates. Therefore, it is important to include a full depiction of advection, diffusion, and reactions for accurately capturing local dynamics that control long‐term fracture evolution.


There shall be a base fuse (10) with an electric detonator (12), associated with the electric detonator firing pin (14), a Anstichzundmittel (16) with the firing pin (14) can be brought in-line and for a booster (28) is described, wherein the firing pin (14) comprises a mass body (32) to which a retaining spring (34) is provided. Fails, the electric ignition, the ignition of the Anstichzundmittels (16) at the bottom impact by the firing pin (14) due to the inertia of the mass body (32).


XtreemOS is a European project which aims to develop an open source Grid operating system based on the existing Linux operating system. A key goal of XtreemOS is the native support for Virtual Organisations. In this poster, we present the overall motivations, aims and components of XtreemOS and give an initial view of the support for Virtual Organisations.


Medulloblastoma (MB), grouped as either WNT-activated, Sonic hedgehog (SHH)-activated, or non-WNT/non-SHH group 3, accounts for almost 20% of all childhood brain cancers. In spite of current intensive treatments, not all patients are cured and survivors suffer from severe side-effects. The present study therefore examined the effects of the poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) and WEE1-like protein kinase (WEE1) inhibitors, BMN673 and MK-1775, respectively, alone or in combination on four MB cell lines. More specifically, the MB cell lines, DAOY, UW228-3, MED8A and D425, were tested for their sensitivity to BMN673 and MK-1775 alone or in combination, using cell viability, cell confluency and cytotoxicity assays. The effects on the cell cycle phases were also examined using FACS analysis. Monotherapy with BMN673 and MK-1775 exerted dose-dependent inhibitory effects on the viability of almost all MB cell lines. Notably, when BMN673 and MK-1775 were used in combination, synergistic effects were noted in the SHH group cell lines (DAOY and UW228-3), but not in the already WEE1-sensitive group 3 (MED8A and D425) lines. Moreover, the combination treatment decreased the percentage of cells in the G1 phase and induced the novel distribution of both DAOY and UW228-3 cells in the S and G2/M phases, with the UW228-3 cells exhibiting a greater delay. To conclude, MK-1775 was efficient in all and BMN673 in most cell lines, and their combined use exerted synergistic effects on the SHH, but not the group 3 cell lines. These data suggest that MK-1775 alone may be of interest for all MB cell lines, and that the combination of PARP/WEE1 inhibitors may provide possible therapeutic opportunities for the therapy of SHH MBs. Their use warrants further investigations in the future.


To understand Li Yu's viewpoint of the fabrication and truth,we cannot be confined to the analysis of his theory and should combine with his writing of Chuan Qi.His viewpoint of the fabrication and truth provides the origins of subjects for his writing of Chuan Qi.Meanwhile,it also involves the narrating of plots and arrangements for factualizing and fictionalizing.Li Yu considers the Chuan Qi as mostly allegorical.Li Yu's ideas and emotions are integrated into his writing of Chuan Qi.According to Li Yu's viewpoint of the fabrication and truth,if there is a prototype during choosing subjects,his writing of Chuan Qi will be based on it.However,fictionalizing is necessary for him to structure his article.Fictionalizing serving Li Yu's Chuan Qi is not against the realistic principle of art.


Abiotic and biotic stresses adversely affect rice (Oryza sativa L.) growth and yield. Conventional breeding is a very effective method to develop tolerant rice variety; however, it takes a decade long to establish a new rice variety. DNA-based markers have a huge potential to improve the efficiency and precision of conventional plant breeding via marker-assisted selection (MAS). The large number of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) mapping studies for rice has provided an abundance of DNA marker-trait associations. The limitations of conventional breeding such as linkage drag and lengthy time consumption can be overcome by utilizing DNA markers in plant breeding. The major applications of DNA markers such as MAS, QTL mapping and gene pyramiding have been surveyed. In this review, we presented the latest markers available for some of the most important abiotic and biotic stresses in rice breeding programs. Achieving a significant impact on crop improvement by marker assisted breeding (MAB) represents the great challenge for agricultural scientists in the next few decades.


Let T be a ∗-n-paranormal operator on a complex Banach space X . In this paper we show that T is isoloid and if α,β are distinct eigen-values of T , then ker(T −αI)⊥ker(T −β I). Also we show that if the dual space X ∗ is uniformly convex and (T −αI)xk −→ 0 for (xk, fk) ∈Π(X ), then (T −αI)∗ fk −→ 0.


in the importance and status of the directorate" (p. 264) as it lost control over key responsibilities, including the analysis of satellite photography. Richelson acknowledges, though, that in some instances David had no choice, since the director of central intelligence (John Deutch) forced the changes on her. Richelson is critical, too, of the current director, George J. Tenet, citing a prominent former insider who states that under Tenet's tenure the directorate has become a "mere shadow of itself" (p. 283). Richelson is deft at tracing the jockeying for power over control of spy technology. He appraises DS&T's ability to ward off challenges, especially from the air force, which eventually succeeded in wresting away the U-2 and satellite programs. The National Reconnaissance Office (NRO) proved the most formidable competitor, however, and it now runs America's satellite surveillance programs. Despite political setbacks, DS&T remains an important part of the CIA's worldwide espionage efforts. Richelson's central conclusion is exactly right: "Over the almost forty years of its existence the Directorate of Science and Technology has made an enormous contribution to U.S. intelligence capabilities and national security" (p. 286). One would like to have seen him address more thoroughly the DS&T's valuable work on the detection of global disease and environmental degradation. Still, this is an excellent examination of the "Dr. Q" side of espionage and takes its place on the shelf along side the dozen or so other indispensable books on U.S. intelligence.


Throughout history, information and communication technologies have been supporting building projects. The paper first introduces the concept of the communication revolutions and analyses how they influenced the construction profession. It then defines the modern understanding of the terms and concepts, proposes a taxonomy of communication types and groups them into four application areas: (1) to deliver information, (2)to enable collaboration and (3) commerce and (4) to provide a platform where the core engineering work gets done. The development along those four areas is analysed by giving brief market watch as well as state of the art overviews. The author concludes, that research issues on implementing the communication technologies include not only the technical but social, legal, economical and educational problems.


In this paper, we consider the application of Tomlinson-Harashima precoding (THP) in the downlink of a wireless network with multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) capabilities. Applying precoding enables point-to-multipoint transmission strategy to be implemented in such a way that at each transmission slot, a subset of mobile stations can be selected to receive data packets over parallel subchannels formed by precoding. Although THP is a suboptimal MIMO transmission strategy, in this paper, we show that scheduling gain available in a point-to-multipoint networking environment with THP is enough to compensate the capacity loss due to suboptimality of THP alone. We compare the achievable capacities of THP, conventional MIMO spatial multiplexing (V-BLAST) and information theoretic MIMO capacity bound to show the advantages of precoding, particularly THP, when point-to-multipoint transmissions are allowed. We present a feasible network architecture with a scheduling approach, where multiple antennas are deployed on the access point and mobile stations remain with single antennas.


Effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) has improved the life expectancy of women living with HIV (WLWH). This population is now experiencing age‐related comorbidities. This systematic review presents the current understanding of the prevalence and impact of comorbidities in WLWH in the modern ART era.


Purpose: To determine the evolution of light scattering in the albino rat lens after in vivo close to threshold UVR-300 nm.

Methods: Alltogether 4 groups of 20 6 weeks old albino Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed unilaterally in vivo to 8 kJ/m2 UVR-300 nm. The animals were sacrificed at 1, 7, 48 and 336 hrs after exposure after exposure to UVR, depending on group belonging and the lenses were removed for macroscopic imaging of dark-field anatomy, and quantitative measurement of intensity of forward light scattering.

Results: The intensity of light scattering increased exponentially declining with a rate constant (1/k) of 71 hrs and an asymptote maximum light scattering of 0.16 tEDC. This is consistent with findings for a dose of 30 kJ/m2 although the current time constant was higher. There was an indication of a transient increase of light scattering on the contralateral side peaking at 7 hrs after expsoure. There was an indication for some repair at 336 hrs.

Conclusions: Light scattering evolves quicker, the higher the dose, but increases exponentially declining towards an assymptote. The current study suggest that observations of damage from close to threshold in vivo UVR exposure should be made at 1 week after exposure in order to detect the maximum damage.


Degradation of the stromal connective tissue and basement membrane components are key elements in tumor invasion and metastasis. Some components, particularly the interstitial collagens, are very resistant to proteolytic attacks and can be degraded by specific proteinases like Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs). MMPs can also impact on tumor cell behavior in vivo as a consequence of their ability to cleave growth factors, cell surface receptors, cell adhesion molecules, or chemokines/cytokines, and for stimulating angiogenesis. Different molecular expression profiles of MMPs and their inhibitors (TIMPs) have been associated with the main steps in breast cancer progression, such as creating a potential invasive phenotype in Ductal Carcinoma in situ (DCIS), favoring the hematogenous dissemination, and enabling the metastatic progression across the axillary lymphatic system. These associations have clinical interests, as they can contribute to a better characterization of early breast carcinomas (which differ in their both biological and clinical behavior), evaluate microinvasion in resection specimens of breast tumors, provide a more precise prognostic, and predict the tumoral status of non-sentinel lymph nodes in breast cancer. It is also especially remarkable the evidences indicating that MMPs and TIMPs expression in individual cell populations from tumor stroma, such as mononuclear inflammatory cells (MICs) and fibroblast, clearly impacts on the clinical outcome of breast cancer patients. There are several factors linking inflammation, MMP activity and breast cancer. This knowledge will be useful to develop novel therapies and prevention strategies targeting critical components.


Infestation of the intestines with the commoner varieties of parasites is generally regarded as exercising no particular harm on the host, except to produce such general disturbances as digestive derangements or anemia, the latter being ascribed to the loss of blood through blood-sucking parasites and to the absorption of hemotoxic substances. Examples are not wanting, however, both among men, and among animals?notably the dog and the horse?of blood changes and many symptoms of disease which may be ascribed to the production by the parasites of toxic substances, capable of being absorbed and exercising harmful effects.


Recurrence plots (RPs) allows both visualisation and quantification of structures hidden within data. They are particularly useful for graphically detecting hidden patterns and structural changes in data as well as examining similarities in patterns across a time series data set. However, few studies have applied RPs to detecting spatial structure in geographical systems. Of those studies, applications have been limited to uniform grids. In this paper, we demonstrate how RP's can be used to analyse fixed spatial patterns in a non-uniformly distributed spatial system which varies with time.


Many antipersonnel (AP) and antitank (AT) mines remain in the ground across South Korea; some are partially exposed and remain visible. We used a drone fit with a magnetometer to detect landmines. The magnetic characteristics of landmines were measured, and altitude and flight conditions (altitude < 1 m) required for successful landmine detection were derived. Metallic AP and AT mines, and low metal content AT mines were detected in field tests under the proposed conditions. The drone can be used to aid in the demining of South Korea.


[1] An objective of the 1997 Southern California Ozone Study (SCOS97) was to provide an up-to-date assessment of the importance of biogenic emissions for tropospheric ozone production in the South Coast Air Basin. To this end, ambient air samples were collected during September 1997 at the Azusa air-monitoring station for subsequent measurement of their radiocarbon (14C) content of the atmospheric nonmethane volatile organic compound (VOC) fraction. The 14C/12C ratio is proportional to the fraction of a sample's carbon that is biogenic. The proportionality constant was determined from local samples of vegetation, gasoline, and ambient CO2 collected during the same period. The median fraction of biogenic VOC observed from 0600 to 0900 hours (LT) was 7% (n = 5) with a range of −8% to 24%, from 1300 to 1600 hours it was 27% (n = 4) with a range of 11% to 39%, and from 1700 to 2000 hours it was 34 ± 7% for a single sample. On the basis of calculated 24-hour back trajectories the dominant source region for the air masses associated with periods of high biogenic VOC-C levels was a sector extending from the north to the east. Over all time and space that the samples represent, the median fraction of biogenic VOC was 18% (n = 10). Expressed as an atmospheric mixing ratio, the overall (median and 95% confidence interval) biogenic VOC-carbon contribution was 80 ± 50 nmol mol−1 which may be representative of the natural VOC-C background for the Los Angeles air basin.


Dendritic spines host glutamatergic excitatory synapses and compartmentalize biochemical signalling underlying synaptic plasticity. The narrow spine neck that connects the spine head with its parent dendrite is the crucial structural element of this compartmentalization. Both neck morphology and its molecular composition differentially regulate exchange of molecular signals between the spine and rest of the neuron. Although these spine neck properties themselves show activity-dependent plasticity, it remains unclear what functional role spine neck plasticity plays in synaptic plasticity expression. To address this, we built a data-constrained biophysical computational model of AMPA receptor (AMPAR) trafficking and intracellular signalling involving Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) and the phosphatase calcineurin in hippocampal CA1 neurons, which provides new mechanistic insights into spatiotemporal AMPAR dynamics during long-term potentiation (LTP). Using the model, we tested how plasticity of neck morphology and of neck septin7 barrier, which specifically restricts membrane protein diffusion, affect LTP. We found that spine neck properties control LTP by regulating the balance between AMPAR and calcineurin escape from the spine. Neck plasticity that increases spine-dendrite coupling reduces LTP by allowing more AMPA receptors to diffuse away from the synapse. Surprisingly, neck plasticity that decreases spine-dendrite coupling can also reduce LTP by trapping calcineurin, which dephosphorylates AMPARs. Further simulations showed that the precise timescale of neck plasticity, relative to AMPAR and enzyme diffusion and phosphorylation dynamics, critically regulates LTP. These results suggest a new mechanistic and experimentally-testable theory for how spine neck plasticity regulates synaptic plasticity.


The relationship between testosterone level and mental rotation was modeled using a fuzzy logical simulation. The fuzzy model of men's and women's testosterone levels and MR scores mapped the input "space" of testosterone to the output "space" of mental rotation. The simulation showed that a single variable (testosterone) can produce a significant difference in output. The model typifies sex difference in distribution of mental rotation scores previously observed experimentally.


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                  </jats:inline-formula> so that the proposed numerical scheme is robust with respect to the variations of time steps. An adaptive time-stepping strategy based on solution accuracy is then applied to update the computational efficiency. Numerical examples are included to illustrate our theoretical results.</jats:p>


The principles of a risk-based approach have not yet been fully implemented in the operation of overhead transmission lines (OHTL) due to the immaturity of the methods and, above all, the lack of diagnostic data on the actual and forecast state of OHTL. The contaminated insulator flashover is the cause of 23-45% of accidents in OHTL. Despite the fact that the accumulation of pollution on insulators is predictable enough, risk-oriented diagnostics of linear insulators is not available yet. This paper provides an analysis of existing methods for linear insulators diagnostics to quantify the insulator state, appropriate for the risk-based approach implementation.


The current study aims to explore the possible correlations between detrusor excitability and the expression of C-kit and connexin-43 (Cx43). Fifty-two adult female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into the normal control (NC), supra-sacral cord injury (SSCI) and sacral cord injury (SCI) groups. Neurogenic bladder models were established. Urodynamic examination, bladder pathological observation and detrusor muscle excitability detection were performed. Meanwhile, the expression of C-kit and Cx43 was detected using immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis. The detrusor leak point pressure of the SSCI group increased significantly compared to the NC group, whereas that of the SCI group decreased significantly. The spontaneous detrusor muscle contraction frequency of the SSCI group increased significantly compared to the NC group, whereas that of the SCI decreased significantly. The C-kit and Cx43 positive expression in the SSCI was significantly higher than that in the control group, whereas that in the SCI group was significantly lower (P < 0.01) The C-kit and Cx43 protein content in the SSCI group was significantly higher compared to the NC group, whereas that in the SCI group was significantly lower (P < 0.01). Changes in excitability and the expression of C-kit and Cx43 expression contribute to the occurrence of detrusor hyperreflexia and areflexia.

 Key words: Spinal cord injuries, detrusor hyperreflexia, detrusor areflexia, urodynamics, C-kit, connexin-43.


In the past 20 years, dramatic changes have occurred in the movement toward global economies and free/liberalized markets. Various trade agreements have been increasing international trade, challenging "unfair" trade practices and pushing to "harmonize" and coordinate regulations, taxation, policies and other public and private enterprises. Could these trade agreements affect alcohol and injury control policies? Furthermore, could trade agreements ultimately affect injury trends? Unfortunately research studies and data on this topic are scarce. This paper presents information on the principles underlying international trade agreements and indicates how these principles could potentially affect the sales, regulations and taxation of alcohol and impact on injuries. The call is for researchers to conduct the research needed to address these questions and potential impacts.


This book is about a Muslim Shi'i philosopher of the early 16th century, Najm al-Din Mahmud al-Nayrizi. Educated in Shiraz, he became interested in Avicennan and Suhrawardian philosophy. Apart from Nayrizi, the present study introduces his contemporary philosophers and provides an outlines of the main philosophical challenges of the time.


Aim: This study investigated the perception of nursing students and educators on the constraints to effective clinical assessment of nursing students' competencies and probed possible solutions to the identified constraints in Lagos, southwest Nigeria. Methods: In this cross sectional study, 175 nursing students, and 49 nurse educators from five randomly selected nursing schools participated. The study adopted a triangulation approach of quantitative and qualitative method for data collection and analysis. A self-administered questionnaire was utilized to collect quantitative data from the nursing students and nurse educators and a response return rate of 163(93%) and 46(94%) were recorded respectively from Original Research Article Ike et al.; AJMAH, 18(9): 1-13, 2020; Article no.AJMAH.59064 2 both groups. Focus Group Discussion (FGD) was employed for qualitative data among 12 nursing students and 11 nurse educators in two nursing schools. Data was analyzed and relative importance index (RII) and its ranking (R) was utilized to establish the relative importance of the various constraints identified as responsible for effective clinical assessment of competencies. Results: The result revealed as major constraints from the students; lack of confidence by the students in carrying out procedures in clinical setting and lack of materials and instruments for clinical practice with equal ranking (RII=0.78; R=1.5), similarly, the educators rated; Lack of confidence by the students in carrying out procedures in clinical setting (RII=0.74; R=1.0) as a key constraint. The Mann Whitney U test showed no statistical significant differences to the perception of the constraining factors and probable solutions by both groups (p>0.05) FGD revealed; lack of clear objectives for each clinical posting, as both students and clinical assessors do not have clear idea of what competencies they are to acquire and assess as a major constraint. Conclusion: The researchers recommend that clinical placement objectives should be set and communicated to the students, educators and assessors to direct nursing students' clinical practice and evaluation and assessment formats developed in line with specific skills to be evaluated.


This paper describes how the Delaware Department of Transportation (DelDOT) first discussed the use of high performance concrete (HPC) with the Federal Highway Administration early in 1996. Based on these discussions, DelDOT initiated trial projects with HPC specifications. Although these were formal HPC specifications, DelDOT had been utilizing ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBFS) and other pozzolans in concrete since the late 1980s to take advantage of the improved workability, protection against alkali-silica reactivity, and lower permeability. The first contract incorporating the HPC specifications was for ramp widening at U.S. 202 to I-95 southbound in Wilmington. This structure was bid and constructed in late 1996. To date, DelDOT has constructed five projects with the HPC specifications and two more projects are in the design phase. Constructed bridges include three bridges in Frederica, one bridge in Little Creek, and one bridge in New Castle County. Bridges being designed include one in Milton and Churchman's Road bridge over I-95 in Wilmington.


Sleep difficulties and sleep disorders are the most common comorbidities reported in individuals with ADHD. Careful assessment will lead to helpful interventions.


The evidence provided by Witness K enabled Dili to initiate a case at the Permanent Court of Arbitration in The Hague, where it sought annulment of the bilateral treaty. But shortly before the first scheduled meeting of the arbitration panel, agents from ASIO, Australia's intelligence agency, raided the home of Witness K and confiscated his passport, preventing him from giving evidence in the case. The offices of Mr Collaery were also raided.


A single-base mutation or one amino acid change in a protein can be life changing. In antibody design, one amino acid change can drastically change its specificity, stability, immunogenicity, functions, clinical safety, or efficacy. The human–mouse chimeric anti-GD2 antibody ch14.18 has shown great promise in treating neuroblastoma [1]. However, the pain side effects remain the major drawback. Although these side effects are not lethal, its emotional toll on the young patients, their parents and the health care professionals, can be devastating. In rare occasions, analgesics and sedatives used to treat the pain side effects can become life threatening. Animal models for studying pain are not well established. In rats, anti-GD2 antibodies produce allodynia that is complement-dependent and measurable by sensitivity to von frey filament stimulation of the hind paw. A single amino acid change from lysine (K) to alanine (A) at position 322 in the CH2 domain of human IgG is known to reduce binding to FcgR and to abolish binding to C1q, thereby preventing complement activation [2,3]. For humanized antibody hu14.18, introducing this K322Amutation reduced complement activation. When tested in rats, allodynia was reduced [4]. Based on these findings, a phase I trial of hu14.18K322Awas carried out [5]. It was reassuring that six of 31 patients showed response by I-MIBG scintigraphy, including four CR and two PR. Two not so favorable observations were also made: (1) the pain side effect was still significant; and (2) the antibody was immunogenic (40% of the patients developed measurable human anti-human antibody response [HAHA], mostly after day 10, with three patients before day 10 of therapy). In order to test if there was a quantitative or qualitative difference in the pain side effect of hu14.18K322A, Dr. Anghelescu et al. [6], in this issue reviewed retrospectively the analgesic requirement during hu14.18K322A treatment, and compared it to an earlier era when ch14.18 was used. They found a significant reduction in opioid requirement (mg/kg) for the overall course, day 3 and day 4, but not day 1 or day 2 of hu14.18K322A therapy. As was clearly laid out by the authors, a retrospective comparison to a similar but different antibody (ch14.18) in an earlier era has limitations: (1) pain control could become more proficient with practice and improvement over the years; (2) the potential bias in pain assessment in an open label study, where pain reduction was the study intent; (3) the nonuniform analgesics and sedatives use; and (3) the general lack of precision tools in pain quantitation, especially in young children. Two additional confounding factors could also weaken the conclusions. First, when the duration of ch14.18 infusion was twice as long as hu14.18K322A, more analgesics was expected given that pain intensity is independent of infusion-time at these antibody dose levels. Second, HAHA could reduce or eliminate pain side effects. The high incidence of HAHA following hu14.18K322A was unexpected. This early seroconversion could mean that Hu14.18K322A was immunogenic, plausibly because the K322A mutation introduced a neoepitope for T cells; or the patients were sensitized from prior ch14.18 exposure. Besides analgesic need, a critical biologic endpoint is the serum complement level that typically drops following anti-GD2 infusion, and then recovers within 24hr. One might expect ch14.18 to deplete complement, while hu14.18K322A would not. However, without a comparison group, normal complement levels 24hr after hu14.18K322A infusion could not provide the definitive evidence for the lack of complement activation. This is an important finding; if indeed complement was not activated, the persistence of pain could mean that this pain side effect occurred even in the absence of complement activation—disproving the central hypothesis of the phase I trial. The corollary is a more serious question raised regarding the validity of the rat allodynemodel inpain studies of anti-GD2antibodies. Theauthors have taught usmany lessons.As pediatric oncologists, we feel frustrated with the deficiency in our tools to quantify pain in young children. Until this gap is bridged, pain science and management will remain handicapped [7,8]. While effort should continue in antibody engineering, attention should also focus on the management of acute side effects from anti-GD2 therapy. This pain model in neuroblastoma should also provide a unique opportunity to explore analgesics in a well designed clinical trial in young children [9]. These investigators and their institution deserve a lot of credit for making a huge effort in trying to solve this important problem. Although the results were not what one would hope to see, they pointed out the pitfalls we should avoid in future pain studies.


The natural vibration frequency of a torsion cylinder with varying cross section and an adhesive mass is investigated in this paper. From the numerical solution of the governing equation under the relevant boundary conditions we can define a function which is called the target function in this paper. It is proved that the problem for evaluating the natural vibration frequencies is equivalent to finding the zeros of the target function. An improvement formulation of the target function is suggested in this paper. Without regard to the number of the adhesive masses, the target function is obtained from a solution of one particular initial boundary value problem of the ordinary differential equation. The zeros of target function can be easily evaluated by the well known half-division technique. The suggested method depends significantly on the computer computation. It is proved that the target function approach provides one more effective method in this field. Many numerical results are carried out in this paper. The given numerical examples generally show that the adhesive masses influence by lowering the vibration frequency of torsion cylinder in general.


In the research and applications on microwave absorption materials and electromagnetic absorbers, the quarter-wavelength model is widely used in describing the dependence of the reflection loss (RL) peak frequency on electromagnetic parameters and thickness, and in the preparation and design of microwave absorption materials. However, strict proof regarding this model based on transmission line theory is lacking. Moreover, a deviation between the absorption peaks obtained from the RL results and those from the quarter-wavelength model is observed in some materials, for which a universal and reasonable theoretical explanation is also lacking. Hence, in this work, we derive strict proof of the quarter-wavelength model based on transmission line theory, and develop a revised equation for this model to explain the above-mentioned deviation. The revised equation could well fit the deviations observed in our experimental results. Combined with the experimental results, we also discuss the applicable ranges for the quarter-wavelength model and the revised equation. Moreover, the results of this work show that the appropriate value of the phase angle is effective in reducing the absorber thickness.


The airplane carried me across the Pacific Ocean, and I began my new life in this strange land. At first, I felt fearful and curious about this unfamiliar country. There are people of different colors and languages in the streets, wearing different costumes. Since everything was new, it was hard for me to get used to. During the first few nights in America, because of the jet lag, I could not fall asleep. I was always sleepy in the morning. After a while, I gradually adjusted to my new schedule.


This innovative book considers the issue of educational reform by examining three examples of change in school districts in Alberta, Chicago, and Kentucky. Though every reform movement in education seems unique, certain efforts towards change attract more attention and create broader links to outside organizations. These three monumental cases of reform are presented along with more modest efforts in other locales, but the larger changes are shown to involve a combination of elements that are not found in the more modest reforms.


Translated from the French original by Amudha Lingeswaran Institutional reforms is in the air today. We are not touching on the territories without initiating a deeper reflexion on the state of (...)


The reduction of TiO2 nanoparticle through interaction with H atom and characterization of resulting defect species with O2 molecule adsorption were investigated by DFT calculations in a molecular cluster approach. The isolated cluster Ti8O16 was used as a nanoparticle model. It was found that interaction between atomic hydrogen and every oxygen atom in Ti8O16 has the following features: (1) formation of stable OH group, (2) low activation energy of the process, and (3) appearance of reduced Ti3+ ion together with one corresponding d-type singly occupied level in the cluster's "band gap". Molecular hydrogen, in contrast with its atomic form, weakly interacts only with Ti atoms. Simulation of O2 adsorption on each Ti3+ ion of reduced Ti8O16H clusters shows the following: (1) formation of stable molecular O2– species, (2) the process has no any energetic barrier, and (3) disappearance of Ti3+ defect center and corresponding d-type singly occupied level. The obtained results agree well with general experimen...


Standard definitions, standard tests, and a standard language of numbers for identifying on drawings and on the devices themselves the many complicated devices making up a complete equipment are given in the revised "American Standard for Automatic Station Control, Supervisory, and Telemetering Equipment," C37.2–1945. The new standard also includes a table indicating the minimum protection that should be given to power apparatus and feeders.


The present analysis deals with the heat transfer characteristics and entropy generation investigation for a non-Newtonian fluid flowing in a wavy passage having three different corrugation profiles namely sinusoidal, trapezoidal and triangular having same dimensions, amplitude and wavelength. The discretization has been carried out using finite volume method, and for pressure-velocity coupling SIMPLE algorithm is adopted. Power law model is adopted for modelling of the non-Newtonian behaviour in the study. The present investigation is reported for the index of power law ranging from 0.4 to 1.6 and Reynolds number varying from 25 to 125. The variation of an average Nusselt number, dimensionless drop in pressure, performance factor, thermal entropy generation, viscous entropy generation and Bejan number are observed for different values of Reynolds number and power law index. The study helped us in concluding that the value of the average Nusselt number is highest for a trapezoidal shaped corrugated channel, on the other hand drop in pressure is also highest for a trapezoidal channel. However, if conclusions are to be made based on the performance factor then at high Reynolds number flow, sinusoidal shaped corrugated channel is preferred for shear thinning fluids and triangular shaped corrugated channel is preferred for shear thickening fluids, whereas triangular shaped corrugated channel is preferred for both the shear thickening and shear thinning fluid for a low Reynolds number flow. Entropy generation analysis shows that, both the thermal and viscous entropy generation are maximum for a trapezoidal channel followed by sinusoidal channel and least entropy generations occurs in case of triangular channel.


A TiO2 nanotubes(TNTs) array was obtained on pure titanium substrate by anodic oxidation in 1.0wt% HF solution. The surface morphology and phase structure of the TNTs array were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The heat treatment at 450 °C changes the TNTs from amorphous structure to anatase form. A Ti3+-doped TNTs was prepared by electrochemical reduction of the heat-treated TNTs array in 1.5 mol/L(NH4)2SO4 electrolyte. The influence of self-doping time on conductivity of the TNTs was studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that nearly 42.9% Ti4+ in TNTs was reduced to Ti3+ after electrochemical self-doping at-1.45 V(vs. saturated calomel electrode) for 60 s, thus efficiently decreasing the impedance of TNTs after the formation of anatase phase.


The Quantum Well Laser (QWL) has now a few well-established advantages as compared to the usual double-heterostructure (DH) laser.1–7 In spite of an abundant litterature, very few cases have been documented to the level of the profound knowledge that we now have of the DH laser.8,9 In this contribution, we will single out the main features of the QWL operation, in order to provide some guidance for new materials choices, in particular for the infrared.


NJI-DEC-2012 Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is an important nosocomial infection worldwide, which leads to increases in length of hospital stay, healthcare costs and mortality (Vincent et al, 1995). Many hypotheses proposed about the development of VAP, but recently oral hygiene in gaining much interest, due to reduction noticed in incidence of VAP in ICU patients. Although oral hygiene is not a sole intervention used in prevention of VAP, still it is one of the very vital procedure included in many VAP prevention bundles (Sufdar et al, 2005). The normal flora of the oral cavity may include up to 350 different bacterial species, with tendencies for groups of bacteria to colonise different surfaces in the mouth. Normal oral flora becomes pathogenic within 48 hours of intubation in critically ill patients. Because of a number of processes, critically ill patients lose a protective substance called fibronectin from the tooth surface. Loss of fibronectin reduces the host defence mechanism mediated by reticulo-endothelial cells. This reduction in turn results in attachment of bacteria to the tooth surface gradually that coalesce to produce a biofilm, and after further development lead to the formation of dental plaque, which is occupied by a diverse micro organisms (Gibbons, 1989).


When George Scharf (1820–95) was appointed as secretary of the newly founded National Portrait Gallery in 1857, he was thirty-six and already had extensive experience as a draughtsman, lecturer and, most recently, exhibition organiser at the Art Treasures exhibition at Manchester in 1857.1 [Fig. 1.] He was later designated as the Gallery's director. His appointment brought him three collection challenges:


In the last decade the use of some devices had been proposed and used to reduce the response in structures due to earthquakes effects by increasing the damping of the system. These devices are activated whenever the structure vibrates and have no effect otherwise, so it can be called passive damper. In this paper, the response of a structure with added linear viscous dampers is presented by using two damping matrix model of the system. The first damping matrix used is one with arbitrary constant producing a nonclassical damping matrix. That is, the eigensolution cannot be used to decouple the equations of motion. To solve the problem, the system of second order equations is transformed into a system of first order equations. The second damping model used is a classical damping matrix. In this case. the damping ratio of each mode can be greater than one. This force us to solve the problem using the convolution integral developed for overdamped systems. Finally, a comparison of the response using the two damping matrices models will be presented. It will be shown that the new formulation of the convolution integral for overdamped systems is a reasonable way to calculate the dynamic response of structures with added dampers.


In this paper, we consider a wireless powered communication system, where an energy harvesting (EH) node harvests energy from a radio frequency (RF) signal broadcasted by an access point (AP) in the downlink (DL). The node stores the harvested energy in an energy buffer and uses the stored energy to transmit data to the AP in the uplink (UL). We investigate two simple online transmission policies for the EH node, namely a best-effort policy and an on-off policy, which do not require knowledge of the EH profile nor channel knowledge. In particular, for both policies, the EH node transmits in each time slot with a constant desired power if sufficient energy is available in its energy buffer. Otherwise, the node transmits with the maximum possible power in the best-effort policy and remains silent in the on-off policy. For both policies, we use the theory of discrete-time continuous-state Markov chains to analyze the limiting distribution of the stored energy for finite- and infinite-size energy buffers. We provide this limiting distribution in closed form for a Nakagami- $m$  fading DL channel and analyze the outage probability for a Nakagami- $m$  fading UL channel. All derived analytical results are not limited to EH via RF WPT but are applicable for any independent and identically distributed EH process from e.g. solar and wind energy. Our results reveal that, for low-to-medium outage probabilities, the best-effort policy is superior to the on-off policy and the optimal UL transmit power of the EH node that minimizes the outage probability is always less than the average harvested power. The opposite behaviour is observed for high outage probabilities. Furthermore, we show that the minimum outage probability of the two proposed policies is near-optimal.


For the best human-robot interaction experience, the robot's navigation policy should take into account personal preferences of the user. In this paper, we present a learning framework complemented by a perception pipeline to train a depth vision-based, personalized navigation controller from user demonstrations. Our virtual reality interface enables the demonstration of robot navigation trajectories under motion of the user for dynamic interaction scenarios. The novel perception pipeline enrolls a variational autoencoder in combination with a motion predictor. It compresses the perceived depth images to a latent state representation to enable efficient reasoning of the learning agent about the robot's dynamic environment. In a detailed analysis and ablation study, we evaluate different configurations of the perception pipeline. To further quantify the navigation controller's quality of personalization, we develop and apply a novel metric to measure preference reflection based on the Fr\'echet Distance. We discuss the robot's navigation performance in various virtual scenes and demonstrate the first personalized robot navigation controller that solely relies on depth images. A supplemental video highlighting our approach is available online.


Calculus specimens were examined by direct fluorescent antibody techniques and cultural procedures for the presence of gram-positive filamentous or diphtheroid bacteria. Actinomyces israelii, A viscosus, A naeslundii, Arachnia propionica, Rothia dentocariosa, Bacterionema matruchotii, and Corynebacterium acnes were observed in and cultured from the majority of specimens, with more than one species present in every specimen.


described as prophetic — as stemming from a prophetic milieu? At times the term seems to describe a narrower literary category, used of some material while other forms are labelled (say) 'hymn' or 'parable'. It can refer to material (of whatever type) that is deemed to derive from Isaiah himself — 'authentic prophecy'. It can refer to future prediction which is later than Isaiah and is deemed 'truly prophetic'. Is the term a literary description, or does it describe historical or religious worth? Then thirdly, Clements' Introduction does note that Isaiah was a highly literate man, and 'poet' does occur a very few times in the commentary. But there is lack of systematic attention to the artistry of so much of Isaiah 1-39; and in fact it is quite exceptional within the commentary for poetic craft to be noted or its contribution to 'meaning' explored. ""Tie name of Alonso Schokel is a sad gap in the bibliography. However even those who share these scruples will find this a thoroughly serviceable commentary.


The article deals with the study of the state of criminal processes in the Ukrainian society in the framework of national criminology and sociology. Ukrainian criminologists and sociologists say that society was in a situation where criminal processes have gone beyond their traditional understanding. Certain types of illegal activities in the Ukrainian society, especially those associated with corruption, have become commonplace, the massive, constantly reproducing and socially approved phenomenon, and this behavior is inherent in the vast majority of members of society. In this regard, the author discusses some theoretical approaches and concepts of domestic researchers that explain this state of Ukrainian society


Children's social acceptance as measured by sociometric ratings was examined in relation to their grade point averages. The sample consisted of 376 upper-middle-class, 12- to 13-year-old Zimbabwe Black and White school children and their teachers (N = 13). Multiple regression analysis indicated that, taking into account ethnicity, sex, family size, and number of languages spoken, social acceptance measures accounted for a significant proportion of the variance in the children's academic achievement. Within social acceptance measures, the children's actual rather than perceived social acceptance explained a greater proportion of the variance in their academic achievement.


My presentation at the ATTE/ALEA conference in July 2017 reported on a study that examined children's perceptions of sustainability across six primary sustainability-rich schools in Gippsland, Victoria. The 16 participants (10 girls and 6 boys aged 9-13 years) participated in the inaugural 1-day Sustainable Schools Expo in Gippsland, with over 400 primary and post-primary students and their teachers. A key aim of the Expo was to unite rural and regional schools by sharing and showcasing sustainability initiatives. The children in this study conducted 15-minute keynote presentations at the Expo about their school-community based sustainability projects, including waste and water management, sustainable gardening projects, energy audits, and school ground conservation. Their sustainability learning correlates with an increasing uptake of sustainability education in Australian schools.


The excess noise observed during the resistive transition of a superconducting material can be used to shed light on the microscopic processes underlying the transition itself. In a previous paper [1] it has been proposed a model to explain the large noise observed during the resistive transition of MgB2 superconducting films, obtained by slowly increasing the specimen temperature across its critical value when a d.c. bias current is applied. The amplitude and frequency behaviour of the noise power spectrum, simulated with this model, are in good agreement with the experimental data. The model is based on the onset of correlated transition of large sets of grains forming resistive layers through the specimen cross section, giving rise to resistance steps. It is assumed that these events produce the large noise, of 1/f3 type in the low frequency range, observed in the experiments. To compare this model with alternative ones, based on dissipative effects produced by fluxoid dynamics, new results, obtained b...


Two digestion experiments and an in situ nylon bag experiment were conducted to determine the correlations between chemical composition, ruminal in situ degradation kinetics and OMI, and OM and CP digestibilities of diets in wethers fed forages of varying nutritive value without and with protein supplementation. Wethers were fed ground corn crop residues, oat-berseem clover or alfalfa hay in the first experiment, ground corn crop residues with or without alfalfa or oat-berseem clover hay supplemented with SBM and grain corn mixture to meet the DIP requirement, by using level 1 of the Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle computer program at ad libitum intake. To determine the kinetics of N and OM degradation in the rumen, a composite sample of each feed was prepared. Duplicate bags of each forage were attached to weighted rings, placed in the rumens of two fistulated steers grazing smooth bromegrass, and allowed to incubate for 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h. While the concentrations of NDF and ADF and the percentage of potentially digestible organic matter fraction and indigestible organic matter fraction were greater, the percentage of water soluble organic matter fraction was lower in corn crop residue compared with alfalfa hay or oat/berseem clover (P


THE INVENTION CONCERNS A PROCESS FOR PRODUCING METHANE USING A CATALYST AND A CATALYST thioresistant TO ACHIEVE THIS PROCESS. FROM THE METHOD, ON MET IN CONTACT WITH A MIXTURE INCLUDING MONOXIDE CARBON, hYDROGEN, AND SULFUR COMPOUNDS WITH CATALYST WITH METAL thioresistant SELECTED FROM mOLYBDENUM, tUNGSTEN THE vANADIUM OR ANY OF COBALT AND NICKEL ETOU, SINCE THE CATALYST REMOVAL ON MEDIUM cERIUM OXIDE, rEACTION If ENGAGED AT A tEMPERATURE BETWEEN ABOUT 250 AND 650C AND RANGING BETWEEN PRESSURE AND ABOUT 5 140BARS. THE PROCESS USING THE CATALYST IS PARTICULARLY USEFUL TO ACHIEVE SYNTHESIS AND ALLOWS EFFICIENT METHANE GET A VERY SELECTIVE iMPROVED FOR METHANE.


Moral belief education not only plays an important role in the individual moral life of college students,but also has great significance to overcome the lack of depth of moral education in universities' pursuit of the defects and improve the effectiveness of moral education.In today's social background of multiple values,the college students' reality,autonomy,sociality and practicality have strengthened.The university moral education objectively needs to adhere to the people-orientation and pursuit of ultimate concern.Therefore,one focus of current college's moral education is to construct the college students' moral beliefs,discuss how to overcome the moral education system of moral belief education insufficiency from humanistic vision.


17 The Cambridge Rocketry Simulator can be used to simulate the flight of unguided 18 rockets for both design and operational applications. The software consists of three 19 parts; the first part is a GUI that enables the user to design a rocket. The second 20 part is a verified and peer-reviewed physics model that simulates the rocket flight. 21 This includes a Monte Carlo wrapper to model the uncertainty in the rocket's dy22 namics and the atmospheric conditions. The third part generates visualizations 23 UP JORS: Cambridge Rocketry Simulator of the resulting trajectories, including nominal performance and uncertainty ana24 lysis, e.g. a splash-down region with confidence bounds. The project is available on 25 SourceForge, and is written in Java (GUI), C++ (simulation core) and Python (visu26 alization). While all parts can be executed from the GUI, the three components 27 share information via XML, accommodating modifications, and re-use of individual 28 components. 29


The present study is the result of the fieldwork carried out during a geologic expedition in the Gilf Kebir region (SW Egypt), where a large number of crater-like forms are present. It has been suggested that they could be the result of a meteoritic impact (impact breccia, shatter cones and planar fractures in quartz has been identified) or, as alternative hypothesis, a hydrothermal vent complex. From the data collected in the field and the results of the preliminary geological, petrographical and geophysical investigations, we can state that there are no evidences supporting the impact origin of the circular structures in Gilf Kebir region. As alternative hypothesis, an hydrothermal origin is suggested.


Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has a significant negative impact on clinical trials. Therefore, maintaining an optimal trial conduct should be considered to minimize risks to trial integrity while ensuring the safety of trial staff and participants. In this study, we aimed to describe the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on conducting an ongoing clinical trial, along with challenges and solutions encountered and required to continue the trial. Methods: This Phase IV pragmatic randomized superiority controlled open-label trial included children with epilepsy receiving Vitamin D supplementation at King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (clinicaltrials.gov registration number: NCT03536845). Children with epilepsy receiving chronic antiepileptic medications and with normal baseline 25-hydroxyvitamin D level were randomized to receive cholecalciferol 400 IU/day versus 1000 IU/day for 6 months. The primary outcome was the percentage of children with Vitamin D insufficiency at 6 months. The secondary outcomes included seizure control, bone mineral density, and safety. Results: Under COVID-19 public health emergency measures, exceptional methods were used, such as telemedicine, home visit for blood extractions, shipping of the study medication to the patient's home, using reminder text messages to follow patients' compliance, and using privacy-compliant platforms to connect the research team members. Conclusion: During the widespread pandemic, ethical dilemmas are of major concern, especially when conducting trials on vulnerable age groups. Therefore, actions should be proportionate and based on benefit-risk considerations, affecting the risk of bias from protocol deviation and overall results.


Monogenean gill parasites of cultured sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and their treatment were investigated in this resesarh. 950 fish sample obtanied from 9 fish farms were used. The research were caried out between March 1995 and December 1997. Diplectanum aequans was found on the gills of sea bass. 11 chemicals (Formalin, praziquantel, levamisole-HCl, mebendazole, triklorfon, diklorvos, azametifos, malachite green, ivermectin, toltrazuril, febantel) were tested in vivo and in vitro to treatment of D. aequans infestations in sea bass (D. labrax). Only 1 ppm azametifos bath for 2 hours or 50 mg/kg body weight orally application of triklorfon for 5 days were effective to treatment of D. aequans infestations.


In this study researchers talk about customer satisfaction with service complaints on PT.KIA Ceramics visit Cullinan. The study was conducted to consumer users PT.KIA Ceramics ceramic Cullinan who complained to PT.KIA because some things are not in accordance with the wishes of consumers, as many as 100 respondents which contains 12 questions about the performance visit to the consumer complains. In analyzing the data, the author uses primary data from chi-square analysis, to look at the observed frequencies with expected frequencies, and using the Likert scale method to measure the attitudes and perceptions of one's opinions or visit the group on such complaint obtained by calculation, X2 Count by 65, 92 is greater than X2 table for 26.29. This means that the observations are better than penul is desired. From the calculation results obtained with the Likert scale method Employment Index Value (NIK) of 74.92, which means that consumers who complain to PT.KIA Ceramics Cullinan felt satis ed with the service, and the impact both on the image and consumer con dence in Ceramics PT.KIA Cullinan. Penamaan File: 10207167


This is a brief summary of personal experience and observations based on approximately 6,000 cases of tonsillectomies where nitrous-oxid-oxygen alone was used for the anesthetic and approximately 10,000 cases where nitrous-oxid-oxygenether was employed. This paper will deal with nitrous-oxidoxygen alone except where comparisons are made with nitrousoxid-oxygen-ether. In any operation where a general anesthetic is given there are three individuals directly concerned, namely, the patient, the surgeon and the anesthetist. The welfare of the patient should have first consideration. Everything should be for his safety and comfort. He is entitled to the least harmful and most agreeable anesthetic if it is consistent with safety. In the selection of the anesthetic safety should come first and comfort second. ::\0 one would jeopardize his life to avoid a day or two of nausea and vomitmg or to escape an unpleasant induction with a disagreeable anesthetic. However, if these undesirable conditions can be eliminated it is greatly appreciated by the patient. He should be given a thorough preoperative examination and preparation in order to be in the best possible condition to meet the extra strain upon his physical resources due to the anesthetic, trauma, loss of blood and partial starvation. The surgeon is in charge of the conduct of the case, assumes responsibility for the operation and usually for the anesthetic. He should have conditions obtain which will enable him to perform the operation to the best advantage. The requirements of surgeons differ in throat operations as to the degree of


armamentarium, owing to their ability to correct Class II malocclusions without relying on patient compliance. Although their use has traditionally been restricted only to growing individuals, recent studies have documented successful use of compliance-free Class II correctors in young adults as well. Data from various research groups in Europe indicates that appliances such as Herbst and Functional mandibular advancers are also successful in Class II correction in adult Class II patients1,2,3. Pancherz has rightly termed this as a shifting paradigm in Class II treatment options. MRI data of adult patients undergoing fixed functional treatment have demonstrated the possibility of condylar remodeling in adults too4. This fact has surely opened new doors of exciting possibilities for Orthodontists.


This paper presents the results of a detailed analysis of the Roumanian nominal inflectional root. Its aim is to describe the morphonological types of root and their syntagmatic relevance. In this way, seven relevant types of the nominal inflectional root are defined according to its final phonological segments: unmarked vowel root, /u/ root, unmarked consonant root, /j/ root, consonant+liquid consonant root, palatal consonant root and velar consonant root.


Introduction Symbolic dynamics for maps Composition of 'local' and 'global' maps Linking equations and maps Explicit examples Appendix (Auxiliary results) References Figures.


We recently converted the GAF domain of NpR3784 cyanobacteriochrome into near‐infrared (NIR) fluorescent proteins (FPs). Unlike cyanobacterichrome, which incorporates phycocyanobilin tetrapyrrole, engineered NIR FPs bind biliverdin abundant in mammalian cells, thus being the smallest scaffold for it. Here, we determined the crystal structure of the brightest blue‐shifted protein of the series, miRFP670nano3, at 1.8 Å resolution, characterized its chromophore environment and explained the molecular basis of its spectral properties. Using the determined structure, we have rationally designed a red‐shifted NIR FP, termed miRFP704nano, with excitation at 680 nm and emission at 704 nm. miRFP704nano exhibits a small size of 17 kDa, enhanced molecular brightness, photostability and pH‐stability. miRFP704nano performs well in various protein fusions in live mammalian cells and should become a versatile genetically‐encoded NIR probe for multiplexed imaging across spatial scales in different modalities.


Linux has become the de-facto operating system of our age, but its vulnerabilities are a constant threat to service availability, user privacy, and data integrity. While one might scrap Linux and start over, the cost of that would be prohibitive due to Linux's ubiquitous deployment. In this paper, we propose an alternative, incremental route to a safer Linux through proper modularization and gradual replacement module by module. We lay out the research challenges and potential solutions for this route, and discuss the open questions ahead.


In this work, solar cells with a freshly made CH3 NH3 PbI3 perovskite film showed a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.4 % whereas the one with 50 days aged perovskite film only 6.1 %. However, when the aged perovskite was covered with a layer of Al2 O3 deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) at room temperature (RT), the PCE value was clearly enhanced. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study showed that the ALD precursors are chemically active only at the perovskite surface and passivate it. Moreover, the RT-ALD-Al2 O3 -covered perovskite films showed enhanced ambient air stability.


A case of extragonadal choriocarcinoma in a 30‐yr‐old man was diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy with immunoperoxidase studies. FNA diagnosis in this case resulted in prompt treatment of rapidly growing metastases without the need for an invasive diagnostic procedure.


Introducing cooperative learning into English teaching benefits personnel training in universities of TCM,which promotes the development of TCM in the world.How to carry out cooperative learning in vocabulary,oral English,writing and reading are expounded.And based on the findings,the advantages of cooperative learning as well as solutions to some common problems are summarized.


Correspondence and research notes relating to a biography of Andrew Fisher 1909-1934, published book of poems, 1888; copy of "Sun and Cloud on River and Seas Verses" by Ishmael Dare, 1888 (early pen name of A.W. Jose).


As the system‐on‐chip (SoC) design becomes more complex, the test costs are increasing. One of the main obstacles of a test cost reduction is the limited number of test channels of the ATE while the number of pins in the design increases. To overcome this problem, a new test architecture using a channel sharing compliant with IEEE Standard 1149.1 and 1500 is proposed. It can significantly reduce the pin count for testing a SoC design. The test input data is transmitted using a test access mechanism composed of only input pins. A single test data output pin is used to measure the sink values. The experimental results show that the proposed architecture not only increases the number of sites to be tested simultaneously, but also reduces the test time. In addition, the yield loss owing to the proven contact problems can be reduced. Using the new architecture, it is possible to achieve a large test time and cost reduction for complex SoC designs with negligible design and test overheads.


A compact sub-terahertz transceiver module integrating a uni-traveling-carrier photodiode, a Schottky barrier diode, and a planar circulator circuit has been developed. A 180-degree rat-race hybrid circuit fabricated on a quartz substrate is employed as the circulator. All the components are assembled in a compact rectangular-waveguide-output package for operation in the J-band. The frequency dependence of the detection sensitivity of the transceiver module showed clear resonant behavior at around 270 GHz while the output power showed no distinct resonance. The insertion loss of the circulator for the input and output signals at 270 GHz were estimated to be 4.6 dB and 11.4 dB, respectively. The isolation between the output port and the SBD port of the circulator was evaluated to be 14.3 dB at 270 GHz, indicating that the fabricated module functioned properly as a transceiver. The linearity of the output power and the input sensitivity of the transceiver were also confirmed to be very good. This is the first demonstration of a photonic mm-wave transceiver module for continuous waves operating at around 300 GHz.


Today, the social and economic development, the production and use of chemicals is more and more frequent, a second question is that most chemicals are belong to dangerous chemicals, in their production, use, storage, transport process, susceptible to dangerous accidents, and may cause great economic losses and person casualties, and may even to society and the environment caused by the long-term effects. This paper analyzes the present situation of dangerous chemicals accident, combed the accident loss of species, and the chemical accident loss clear classification, and put forward the detailed dangerous chemical accident loss measurement process, for relevant departments for reference.


This document proposes a mechanism, IVIT (IVI+Tunnel), to support non-
IVI IPv6 hosts to communicate with IPv4 hosts, and vice versa. IVIT
combines IVI translation and Tunnel methods with the IVI translation
at the core and the tunnel at the edge. In this document, IVIT
provides two modes. One is the dual-stack host mode, which supports
the communication between a dual-stack host in an IPv4 network and a
non-IVI IPv6 host, especially the communication scenario between a
dual-stack server in an IPv4 network and a non-IVI IPv6 host. The
other is the CPE mode, which supports the communication between an
IPv4-only host and a non-IVI IPv6 host, especially the bidirectional
communication scenario between a private IPv4 network and a non-IVI
IPv6 network. Combined with IVI, IVIT can support the communication
between IPv4 networks and IPv6 networks statelessly at the core.


While attending a modeling workshop on optics, I became keenly aware of the inadequacies in my own optics curriculum and the need for change. Most introductory optics lab activities begin with students locating the real image formed by a converging lens. The method is simple and straightforward--students move a screen back and forth until the real image is in sharp focus on the screen. Students then draw a simple ray diagram to explain the observation using only two or three special rays. This is how my study of optics began and probably how it began for most teachers. Unfortunately, this conventional methodology obscures student understanding of some of the most basic and essential concepts of image formation by a lens. [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] To fix this problem, I begin my optics curriculum by having students observe an aerial image in free space. An aerial image is simply a real image formed by a converging lens in free space without the aid of a screen. Because a screen is not used to diffusely reflect the image, the aerial image can only be observed from a position behind the image plane and along the principal axis of the lens (Figure 1, p. 52). Students are amazed to see that an image can exist suspended in space and this creates a most teachable moment, which I seize by using guided inquiry to help my students build a strong conceptual understanding of how converging lenses form real images. Changing the optics curriculum As already mentioned, conventional instructional routines used to introduce optics concepts can be ineffective at developing an in-depth conceptual understanding that allows students to apply optics concepts to simple, but real, optical systems. As an example, if students are always taught to use a screen to locate and see a real image, most will never realize that a real image can form in free space without the aid of a screen. In addition, if students are never guided to look along the principal axis of a converging lens to see an aerial image forming in free space, most will never understand the true function of a screen as a diffuse reflector that allows an observer not located along the axis of the lens to see the image as well. These are just two of many examples of how conventional optics instruction falls far short of the robust conceptual understanding of image formation that physics teachers desire. An excellent assessment of student understanding of the real image formed by a converging lens can be found in a journal article by Goldberg and McDermott (1987) and in Teaching Introductory Physics by Arons (1997). [FIGURE 1 OMITTED] As an alternative to the conventional approach, I start by having students locate the real image formed by a converging lens in a dark lab room with a translucent coffee can lid acting as a screen. I then pose the following question: "Where would you move to see the image if the lid were removed?" This is not an easy question for novice students to answer, so teachers should not hesitate to offer a little guidance. Once students are in the correct position to see the aerial image, along the principal axis of the lens, I have them locate it again with the translucent lid (Figure 2) and then slowly remove the lid in a direction transverse to the axis to reveal that the image remains suspended in space at the previous position of the lid. Most students are shocked to see that an image can exist without a screen to form on. I then guide students in their exploration of these aerial images and, more importantly, image formation in general. Students keep their heads close (within 20 cm) to the aerial image, and I have them close one eye and then the other. The image disappears and then reappears. I ask students, "What does this mean?" Most quickly answer that the image is forming in just one eye. I then ask, "Why?" This is a more difficult question, and students should be given some time to think. Again, teachers may offer some guidance and even better yet, a physical model. …


For many years ionic liquids (ILs) have attracted the interest of the scientific community, finding new applications in green chemistry, chemical engineering, environmental science, and others. All applications have emerged due to ILs unique physiochemical properties like negligible volatility, high thermal stability, low toxicity, and very wide range of structural diversity. In our research we develop and exploit all of the advantages associated with the ILs molecules for lithographic patterning, expanding their applications to lithography resists. In this work we present the results of patterning achieved for different types of ionic liquids with vinylbenzyl and trimethoxysilyl groups.


The selective annihilation of all contaminants in the solution phase formation of amides or sulfonamides is accomplished by their incorporation into a polyurea and removal by filtration.


Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess skeletal stability after mandibular setback surgery with and without an inter-maxillary fixation (IMF) screw. Subjects and Methods: The subjects consisted of 40 patients with mandibular prognathism. The subjects underwent sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO) with titanium plate fixation and were divided into two groups, one with and one without an IMF screw. A lateral cephalogram was done preoperatively, immediately after surgery, and 1 month, 3 months and 6 months postoperatively. The two groups were then compared statistically. Results: In the comparison of the time-course change between the two groups with repeated measure ANOVA, there were significant differences in occlusal plane (between subjects, F=2.517; df=4; P=0.0437) and convexity (between subjects, F=4.048; df=4; P=0.0038). However, there was no significant difference in the other measurements. Conclusion: This study suggested that in most measurements, there was no significant difference between two groups with and without IMF screw in time-course skeletal change. However, use of IMF screw was helpful for orthognathic surgery as a rigid anchor of IMF.


Litologia i sedymentacja gornojurajskich wapieni skalistych w rejonie Bramy Bolechowickiej na Wyzynie Krakowsko-Wielunskiej

The major constituent of Upper Jurassic limestones which build Brama Bolechowicka (Bolechowice Gate, a group of valley-wall limestone rocks near Krakow) is massive limestone representing a complex of cyanobacterial-sponge carbonate buildups. Talus sediments of the buildup are present as clastic limestones exposed in isolated crags. Apparent bedding planes visible in the massive limestones are dissolution-widened fractures, fault joints and gently inclined shearing fractures in fault-related flexures. Limestones exposed ESE from Brama Bolechowicka represent interbiohermal facies and clastic sediments of variable age and origin. The Jurassic strata exposed ESE from Brama Bolechowicka lie within a wide fault zone which separates the Ojcow Block from the Krzeszowice Graben. The variable dipping directions of these strata are caused mainly by the presence of hinge faults within this fault zone.


This paper provides a review of the technical issues related to voltage flicker introduced by continuous operation of distributed wind generators. It outlines the impact of voltage flicker on distribution feeders and the sensitivity of lighting equipment to the introduced voltage changes. The paper details the flicker problems encountered upon the connection of wind power to distribution networks and the effect the network characteristics have on flicker severity. It describes the required level of modeling for flicker studies, explains the flicker measurement procedure, highlights relevant grid code schemes for flicker allocation and provides a summary of present mitigation approaches pursued by utilities and recommended in literature.


We are pleased that Hobson now agrees that many dreams are wish-fulfilling. We, unlike Hobson, however, see this fact as highly significant because it raises important scientific questions. Why do ...


The construction of the gothic cathedral church in Włocławek on the new site by the local bishops, after the former one was burned down by the knights of the Teutonic Order in 1329, coincides with a time of political consolidation of the Kingdom of Poland and a significant reinforcement of the power of Polish kings. For that frontier bishopric, situated in the northern part of the country, it was also a period of stabilization and strengthening of diocesan structures. The earlier history of this diocese, however, was marked by divisions and political rivalry, as well as by an interesting institutional dualism. In my paper, I focus my attention on the period between 1123/1124 – 1330 and on showing how local bishops and chapters built the ecclesiastical structures of this long politically fragmented diocese which initially encompassed some areas that had to be christianised. I also intend to show the ways in which Kuyavian bishops dealt with the problem of loyalty to the rulers, sometimes hostile to each other, while maintaining of interests and well-being of their bishopric.


ADI (Austempered Ductile Iron) - a bainitic ductile iron in which the resulting structure is obtained by the isothermal decay of austenite in the bainite region is currently a very promising material, which has a very wide application in various industries. It is characterized by a particularly favorable combination of strength and ductility, which exceeds the properties of heat-treated steels in the strength range of 800 - 1500 MPa. Its production is problematic because the ferritic or ferritic-pearlitic SGI (spheroidal graphite iron), which is a precursor in the preparation of ADI cast iron, has to meet demanding metallurgical properties, especially as many regular graphite globules evenly distributed in the matrix. The aim of this article is to present a method of metallurgical processing of SGI in such a way as to ensure the quality of the melt required for the preparation of ADI cast iron with respect to elimination of environmental impacts, i.e. inmold modification, as traditional SGI production causes exothermic reaction. work environment. Another possibility to influence the metallurgical quality of SGI cast iron is the action a magnetic field acting on the solidifying melt of SGI, which leads to improvement the metallurgical as well as mechanical properties of SGI.


The purpose of this paper is to quantitatively assess the executive abilities of the local governments,i.e.,the degree of accomplishing,and their regional difference,which focuses on the policies of cultivated land protection in China.The result could provide technological support for improving the performance of cultivated land protection in China.Methods of grey relation analysis and coordination degree function were employed.The results indicate that executive ability of policies on cultivated land protection can be measured by the coordination degree of the PSR model in term of cultivated land protection.Furthermore,there is regional difference on the executive abilities of the cultivated land protection policies,where Heilongjiang province has the highest level of executive ability,i.e.,1.7799,and Hainan province has the lowest level,i.e.,1.5518,and the average value is 1.6291.It is concluded that there are significant relations between the executive ability and the regional economic level,as well as between the executive ability and the endowment of cultivated land resources.During the protection of cultivated land,we should fully consider the difference among regions,combine land use functioning division with land use revenue,and balance the economic loss or gain due to ignoring the externality of cultivated land between different regions regard their executive abilities on the policies through establishment of interest compensation mechanisms.