(1): C-17H14O4, Mr = 282.30, triclinic, P-1, a = 10.509(2), b = 13.448(1), c = 17.061(2)angstrom, alpha = 67.24(1), beta = 107.72(2), gamma = 103.59(1)-degrees, V = 2099.0(5)angstrom(3), Z = 6, (3 independent molecules), Dx = 1.34 g.cm-3, CuK-alpha, lambda = 1.54178 angstrom, mu = 7.98 cm-1, F(000) = 888, T = 291K, R = 0.052 for 5178 observed reflections. (2): C-17H14O.CH2O2, Mr = 328.32, orthorhombic, P2(1)2(1)2(1), a = 23.614(8), b = 4.691(1), c = 14.327(4) angstrom, V = 1587.1(8) angstrom-3, Z = 4, Dx = 1.37 g.cm-3, CuK-alpha, lambda = 1.54178 angstrom, mu = 8.79cm-1, F(000) = 688, T = 291K, R = 0.074 for 2038 observed reflections. (3): C-17H14O4.C3H6O, Mr = 356.37, triclinic, P-1, a = 7.596(3), b = 9.624(5), c = 13.122(2) angstrom, alpha = 91.54(3), beta = 100.26(3), gamma = 76.30(4)-degrees, V = 916.9(6) angstrom-3, Z = 2, Dx = 1.29 g.cm-3, MoK-alpha, lambda = 0.71069 angstrom, mu = 1.03cm-1, F(000) = 376, T = 291K, R = 0.053 for 1959 observed reflections. In the non-solvated molecule (1), the three independent molecules in the unit cell differ only by the dihedral angle between the benzopyrone and the phenyl ring, 68(1), 86(1) and 84(1)-degrees respectively. For the formic (2) and propionic acid (3) solvates, the dihedral angle between the heterocycle and the phenyl ring are 80(1) and 64(1)-degrees respectively. In the two solvates the hydrogen bonding involving the carbonyl oxygen is alike. It may be thus concluded that this hydrogen bond has no effect on the conformation of 2',6'-dimethoxyflavone.


Activity levels of UDP-glucose: (1,3)-j8-glucan (callose) synthase in microsomal membranes of pericarp tissue from tomato fruit (Lycoperisicon esculentum Mill, cv Rutgers) were determined during development and ripening. Addition of the phospholipase inhibitors 0-phosphorylcholine and glycerol-i-phosphate to homogenization buffers was necessary to preserve enzyme activity during homogenization and membrane isolation. Enzyme activity declined 90% from the immature green to the red ripe stage. The polypeptide composition of the membranes did not change significantly during ripening. The enzyme from immature fruit was inactivated by exogenously added phospholipases A2, C, and D. These results suggest that the decline in callose synthase activity during ontogeny may be a secondary effect of endogenous lipase action. CS2 has been found in membrane preparations from a wide variety of plants. Callose deposition is thought to be an important defense during wounding and infection, and it has been hypothesized that the plasma membrane-bound CS complex may be a deregulated form of cellulose synthase (3, 6). Although a number of studies have addressed cell wall structural changes that occur in tomato fruit during development and senescence (5), little attention has been given to enzymes that biosynthesize individual wall polymers (9). Callose deposition has been documented in wounded and heated This research was supported in part by grants from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (88-37261-3754 and 88-37261-3788), National Science Foundation (DCB-8907202), the Charles and Johanna Busch Foundation, and the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station with State and Hatch Act Funds. New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station, Publication No. D-10551-2-90. 2 Abbreviations: CS, callose synthase UDP-glucose: (1,3)-3-glucan synthase; CHAPS, 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propane sulfonate; DTE, dithioerythritol; Gly-l-p. a-glycerol-l-phosphate; TGA, thioglycolic acid. tomato tissue (2); however, initial efforts to recover CS resulted in microsomal membrane fractions containing barely detectable levels of activity (18). Since those initial efforts, it was shown that exposure of CS from beet tissue to phospholipases A2, C, and D resulted in rapid and irreversible loss of enzyme activity (16), with phospholipase A2 especially potent. In other studies, when boundary phospholipid was removed by detergent extraction, activity could be partially reconstituted by addition of exogenous phospholipids (16, 20). Because developing tissue from a variety of plant sources has been shown to contain significant levels of phospholipase or lipolytic acyl hydrolase activity (10-12), we hypothesized that protection against phospholipase action during homogenization of tomato tissue might protect against activity losses. Here it is shown that addition of various combinations of phospholipase inhibitors increases activity recovery by twoto threefold. It is also shown that CS in tomato fruit may be developmentally regulated, and exhibits a rapid decline following the immature green stage. MATERIALS AND METHODS


The authors discuss the use of a summary journal, an assignment designed to facilitate the integration of theory and course experience in practice-based Counsellor Education courses. The reflections on the assignment are provided by the instructor and two students, from two different practice-based courses. The summary journal does appear to provide an opportunity for students to compare their own experiences with formal theory presented in class and in texts, although the quality of this integration varies. The provision of prior student summaries appears to be helpful to those students who are inexperienced in constructing theoretical meaning out of their own experiences. It is speculated that the evaluational nature of the summary section may inhibit critical responses to the test of theory through application, even though counter-examples, as well as examples of theory-in-action are explicitly invited.


The properties of a generalized version of the Borel transform in infrared unstable theories wth dynamical mass generation are studied. The reconstruction of the nonperturbative structure is unambiguous in this version. Various methods for extracting the singularity structure of the Borel transform for lattice formulations of such theories are explored and illustrated explicitly with the O([ital N]) [sigma] model. The status of the first infrared renormalon in QCD is discussed. The feasibility of a proposed technique for analytically continuing from the left-hand Borel plane (where nonperturbative information is available via simulation of lattice field theory) to the positive real axis is examined using the [sigma] model.


Objective
To investigate the frequency of JAK2 V617F mutation and JAK2 V617F mutation allele burden in patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET), and explore the relationship between mutation and hematological parameters and coagulation function.

Methods
The clinical and laboratory parameters of 90 ET patients were analyzed. JAK2 V617F mutation was detected by AS-PCR and the mutation allele burden of JAK2 V617F was detected by qPCR. The correlation between mutation frequency and mutation burden of JAK2 V617F and blood laboratory parameters were investigated in ET.

Results
JAK2 V617F mutation was found in 50 patients (55.6%). RBC [(4.67±0.89)×109/L vs (4.04±0.99)×109/L, P= 0.003], WBC (11.64±5.20)×109/L vs (9.11±4.11)×109/L, P= 0.014], HCT (0.41±0.07) vs (0.36±0.07), P= 0.005) in the JAK2 V617F mutated group were higher than those in the wild-type group. PT in mutated patients was longer than that in wild-type group [(13.18±1.63) s vs (12.02±1.24) s, P= 0.000]. The JAK2 V617F mutation allele burden was (29.91±18.63)%. No significant correlation was found between JAK2 V617F mutation allele burden and hematological parameters such as WBC, RBC and Plt (all P>0.05), but the JAK2 V617F mutation allele burden had a significant correlation with FDP (r= 0.456, P= 0.001).

Conclusions
JAK2 V617F mutation occurs in significant percentage patients with ET. Detection of JAK2 V617F mutation allele burden at diagnosis may play an important role in the early prevention of vascular events.

Key words:
Thrombocythemia, essential; JAK2 V617F mutation; Coagulation function


The legacy of Jordan's canonical form on Poincar\'e's algebraic practices. This paper proposes a transversal overview on Henri Poincar\'e's early works (1878-1885). Our investigations start with a case study of a short note published by Poincar\'e on 1884 : "Sur les nombres complexes". In the perspective of today's mathematical disciplines - especially linear algebra -, this note seems completely isolated in Poincar\'e's works. This short paper actually exemplifies that the categories used today for describing some collective organizations of knowledge fail to grasp both the collective dimensions and individual specificity of Poincar\'es work. It also highlights the crucial and transversal role played in Poincar\'e's works by a specific algebraic practice of classification of linear groups by reducing the analytical representation of linear substitution to their Jordan's canonical forms. We then analyze in detail this algebraic practice as well as the roles it plays in Poincar\'e's works. We first provide a micro-historical analysis of Poincar\'e's appropriation of Jordan's approach to linear groups through the prism of the legacy of Hermite's works on algebraic forms between 1879 and 1881. This mixed legacy illuminates the interrelations between all the papers published by Poincar\'e between 1878 and 1885 ; especially between some researches on algebraic forms and the development of the theory of Fuchsian functions. Moreover, our investigation sheds new light on how the notion of group came to play a key role in Poincar\'e's approach. The present paper also offers a historical account of the statement by Jordan of his canonical form theorem. Further, we analyze how Poincar\'e transformed this theorem by appealing to Hermite's


This paper describes a multimedia teaching-based project to help students understand and review lecture notes efficiently and quickly using the World-Wide-Web (WWW). The speed-variable and audio-driven capability of the Javascript-based project can allow students to review any page of the lecture notes at any time and at variable audio-playback speed (ranging from 0.5 to 2 times continuously) at the normal speaking pitch. In particular, the high compression capability (compression ratio up to 53:1) of the developed program can greatly increase the loading speed of the lecture notes from the Web server.


Aspergillosis of face affects the nose and eyes mainly. The invasive and in particular, the fulminant forms are associated with high mortality. We report a case of sino-orbital aspergillosis in a known case of diabetes mellitus. The Patient underwent surgery for debridement of right maxillary sinus through transnasal approach. Successful treatment of aspergillosis requires prompt diagnosis and institution of therapy, because delay or non aggressive therapy can result in spread in infection and lethal


This article proposes an algorithm for partial update of the coefficients of the normalized least mean square (NLMS) finite impulse response (FIR) adaptive filter. It is shown that while the proposed algorithm reduces the complexity of the adaptive filter, it maintains the closest performance to the full update NLMS filter for a given number of updates. Analysis of the MSE convergence and steady-state performance for independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) signals is provided for the extreme case of one update/iteration.


The search for new solid forms of an ac tive phar ma ceu ti cal in gre di ent (API) is an im por tant step in a drug de vel op ment. Salts and co-crys tal are multicomponent sol ids but in dif fer ent protonation (ion iza tion) states. In salts, there is a pro ton trans fer be tween the mo lec u lar com po nents, mak ing it con tain cat ions and an ions. On the other hand, co-crys tals are made up from neu tral mol e cules held to gether by non-bonded in ter ac tions. Of ten, an API has a low wa ter sol u bil ity, which then leads to a low oral bioavailability. This physico-chem i cal prob lem can be solved by a co-crys tal or salt for ma tion. An API with one such prob lem is agomelatine, a melatonergic an ti de pres sant. How ever, agomelatine is an amidic com pound and, since amides are gen er ally con sid ered as neu tral (nonionisable), it was quite a sur prise, when agomelatine, in the com bi na tion with cer tain ac ids, pro duced salts. Sev eral co-crys tals were pre pared as well. The novel crys tal line phases were pre pared ei ther by a slow evap o ra tion or pre cip i ta tion of the so lu tion of agomelatine with the re spec tive acid. The pre pared solid phases were an a lyzed by pow der X-ray dif frac tion and the struc tures were solved from sin gle-crys tal or pow der X-ray dif frac tion data. The crys tal struc tures of six agomelatine salts (with hydrobromic, hydroiodic, triiodic, sul fu ric, methansulfonic and benzen sulfo nic ac ids) and of five co-crys tals (with cit ric acid, maleic acid, ox alic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and hydro quinone) were solved. In ad di tion to the an hy drous forms, in the case of three of the salts (with hydroiodic, sul fu ric and methansulfonic ac ids), the struc tures of hy drated/ solvated forms were de scribed as well. In all the salts, the agomelatine mol e cule was pos i tively charged. Spe cif i cally, the am ide ox y gen was protonated. The pro ton trans fer and the salt for ma tion were also con firmed by solid state NMR and the DpKA cal cu la tion. The com par i son be tween sin gle-crys tal X-ray dif frac tion, solid state NMR and DpKA data re vealed a strong cor re la tion, mean ing that all three meth ods can be re li ably used to dis tin guish be tween salts and co-crys tals. For pharmaceuticals, the de ter mi na tion whether the ma te rial is a salt or a co-crys tal is in ter est ing not only ac a dem i cally, but also from the reg u la tory point of view. There fore, our find ings may play a cru cial role in the fu ture de vel op ment of the multicomponent solid phases of agomelatine and other amidic phar ma ceu ti cal com pounds.


The research aimed to analyze utilizing non-timber extraction of swamp forests over time for rural livelihoods. This research was carried out in swamp forests of Ogan Komering Ilir (OKI) District, South Sumatra, Indonesia. The data were collected by direct field observation, intensive study of archive report documents as well as in-depth interviews with the respondents. Before 2000, rural communities could be mentioned to be relatively concerned about the status of forest and land resources because they have utilized forest and land resources following customary regulations. Various types of products extracted by their priority are fuel material, food sources, medicine and pharmacy, raw materials for handicrafts, structures and other uses. After 2000, there have been significant changes in forest and land resources being used for other purposes, e.g. agroforestry, plantation, agriculture, fodder, thatching grass, woven mats (from purun), rope webbing, leaves, resins, dyes, manure and others. These activities have caused degradation of swamp forest. To minimize the impact of swamp forest degradation, the active participation involvement of the rural community and all other stakeholder components is essential to optimize swamp forest management.


The presence of Escherichia coli (E. coli ) is a commonly used indicator micro-organism to determine whether water is safe for human consumption.1 This paper discusses the design of a micro-incubator that can be applied to concentrate bacteria prior to environmental water quality screening tests. High sensitivity and rapid test time is essential and there is a great need for these tests to be implemented on-site without the use of a laboratory infrastructure. In the light of these requirements, a mobile micro-incubator was designed, manufactured and characterised. A polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) receptacle has been designed to house the 1-5 ml cell culture sample.2 A nano-silver printed electronics micro-heater has been designed to incubate the bacterial sample, with an array of temperature sensors implemented to accurately measure the sample temperature at various locations in the cell culture well. The micro-incubator limits the incubation temperature range to 37±3 °C in order to ensure near optimal growth of the bacteria at all times.3 The incubation time is adjustable between 30 minutes and 9 hours with a maximum rise time of 15 minutes to reach the set-point temperature. The surface area of the printed nano silver heating element is 500 mm2. Electrical and COMSOL Multiphysics simulations are included in order to give insight on micro-incubator temperature control. The design and characterization of this micro-incubator allows for further research in biosensing applications.


The article focuses on the digital generation and control principle and the digital generation and control system is introduced including its type,characteristics,advantages and prospects.Furthermore,the application value of various digital generation and control systems is discussed.The development,installation,use and maintenance,and the conditions required,feasibility,superiority,practicability of the system are also analyzed.


Objective:To explore the relativity between the contents of traces element and the HCMV infection in newborns.Methods:Determined by PCR and ELISA,80 samples with CMV-IgM positive serumn and FQ-CMV-DNA positive in serum and urine were recruited as subject group and 102 samples with those of negative were enrolled as control group.The contents of traces element in the all the samples were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry(ICP-AES) method.Result:The content of serum Zn、Fe、Mg、Ca in subject group was distinctly lower than that in control group(P0.05)while the content of serum Cu、Pb in subject group was obviously highter than that in control group(P0.05).Conclusion:There is a certain relationship between the disequilibrium in trace elements and the infection of HCMV.Therefore it is important to balance the trace elements in the newborns with HCMV in fection.


In this paper the results of experimental study of the properties of the mixture of two fluids as they interact within circular channels of 4 mm internal diameter, intersecting forms angles of 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 o are presented. We designed, tuned and calibrated an experimental system for which can a constant flow in both channels can be injected. The properties of the mixing was studied by injecting an aqueous dye solution through one of them, and pure water on the other. The analysis of the acquired images was performed by using a visualization system developed in the laboratory. The effect of the angle of intersection in the pattern of mixing for different flows has been investigated. It was found that the behavior of the mixing is a function of two parameters: flow rate and angle of intersection. Numerical simulations were performed, with a model that considers both diffusive and convective effects, and the results were compared to the experiments.


This paper presents methodology that can be adopted in evaluation of power system reliability and optimization of resources for future power system planning. As a part of reliability evaluation, it is important to determine the adequate operating reserve to maintain power system frequency in an acceptable range. In order to determine sufficient operating reserve, the North American Electric Reliability Corporation standard of one day outage in ten years has been used for this study. So, Loss of Load Expectation (LOLE) of 0.1 day per year has been set as standard. The total operating reserve of power grid against LOLE of 0.1 day/year is calculated using probabilistic Chronological Monte Carlo method. The stochastic optimization algorithm has been applied to determine the least cost economic dispatch and unit commitment. The resulted unit commitment was checked and corrected in an iterative process by dynamic simulation in PowerFactory to analyze voltage level and line loading under normal and N-1 contingency conditions to evaluate potential reliability problems. After simulation in difference loading scenarios it showed the determined operating reserve is adequate to control the system frequency in acceptable level as well as reliability of system was ensured.


Objective To evaluate the value of mammography and high frequency ultrasound on diagnosing breast carcinoma.Methods The mammography and high frequency ultrasound data of 85 patients with breast carcinoma confirmed by surgery and pathology were analyzed retrospectively.Results The sensitivity of mammography and high frequency ultrasound was 91.8% and 90.6% respectively,the sensitivity of mammography combined high frequency ultrasound was 94.1%,and significantly superior to the any single method(P0.05);the main mammographic features of breast carcinoma were masses,microcalcifications,focal of difuse increased density,structural disorder,dilated ducts,tumor vessel,skin thicken,nipple depressed,ultrasonographic appearances were included inhomogeneous hypoechoic,calcifications,abundant blood flow;The mammography were more sensitivity than high frequency ultrasound in detecting the type of calcification breast carcinoma;the signal of blood flow showed in high frequency ultrasound were superior to mammography.Conclusion Mammography combined high frequency ultrasound could effectively increase the sensitivity of breast carcinoma detecting.


Surface light-induced drift (SLID), which occurs under velocity-selective excitation due to the state-dependence of the probability of trapping or chemisorption, has demonstrated its extreme sensitivity in studying the state-specificity of gas-surface interactions. Contrary to an intuitive perception, SLID can be also used to obtain the information on the angular dependence of the gas-surface scattering. In this paper we describe this effect qualitatively and then analyze it in two different models, with and without boundary conditions. We also discuss the implications of the results for studying the scaling laws of the angular dependence of surface scattering by the SLID technique. PACS No. 34.50.Rk


Natural hazards, including the wind hazard and others, threaten the integrity of the modern society. A transportation system usually consists of roadways, bridges and related vehicles. Harsh environmental conditions, caused by such as wind, exist in the real world frequently and affect the dynamic performance of the transportation system through their interactions. Long-span bridges are usually the backbones of transportation lines. In windy conditions, the information about the dynamic performance of bridges and vehicles considering full interactions of environmental factors is very essential for people to assess the overall operational conditions and safety risks of the transportation lines. Most of existent approaches target specifically at several isolated tasks considering partial interaction effects. In order to improve the understanding of these related-in-nature problems integrally as well as the consistency of different approaches, a unified approach to integrally predict the dynamic performance of long-span bridges and vehicles under wind is introduced. Such an approach can be used as a general platform to predict the dynamic responses of vehicles and bridges under various situations through adopting both commercial and in-house software. Dynamic interaction effects can be fully considered automatically for each situation. An example of a prototype bridge in US is given for the purpose of demonstration.


In the study of literature the themes of fiction are divided into vital-historical and eternal themes. Vital-historical themes refer to the conditions resulted in character upbringing in the socio-historical situation and they can't exist outside of this certain time and place. The eternal themes indicate the repeated events in all the periods of all the nations. The combination of several themes in one work is expressed in literary studies with the concept of "thematic". When faced with such a situation, one or two major themes may be separated, and the rest should be explored as secondary. The objective of this paper is to seek to remedy these problems by analyzing the novels "The Kite Runner" and "A Thousand Splendid Suns" by Afghan-American writer Khaled Hosseini in terms of vital-historical and eternal themes. The data collected from the detailed analysis of the texts of Hosseini's novels mentioned above by applying biographic method. The research results in proving the fact that the writer's talent lies on fastening the theme of Afghanistan equally in his all three books pre-in- post Taliban periods and in addition to this he can indicate his own personal perspective towards the issues stated in the events. Hosseini could fulfill his task in describing his desire and Afghan people in each part of the world for the blessed peace that the nation couldn't witness for a long time. Moreover, the themes of children and childhood, women and womanhood or family traditions can be found regularly in all the novels indicated above to strengthen the core meaning of what is being Afghan and what is living in Afghanistan. This study is an effort to unfold the significance of literary characteristics of the novels those mentioned above. The study concludes that Khaled Hosseini applied the vital-historical and eternal themes in his three novels to illustrate the objective picture of Afghanistan pre-in-post Taliban period.


This paper summarizes the state of traffic pollution in urban areas of China.It analyzes the protection measurements for traffic pollution based on the forecast of future development of urban transport and advances some strategic policies of pollution protection for big cities.


Ground fault diagnosis is difficult to carry out in dc–ac systems due to the presence of power electronics. Additionally, it is common that neither relays could protect efficiently these systems as ac devices are not prepared to actuate under dc currents and vice versa. Previous studies were able to detect if the fault was in ac or dc but the faulty point still being incognita. This article presents a ground fault location method for the ac side of dc–ac systems that complements previous detection methods. It is based on a grounding resistor connected between the midpoint of the dc bus and ground. Then, an instantaneous voltage window record is analyzed into a histogram, obtaining two representative voltage peaks that are correlated. These values are the one with most repetitions and the one with most amplitude. Attending to a coefficient defined by these two parameters, the fault location can be estimated. The effectiveness of this method has been corroborated with simulations and experimental tests in a 140 kW dc–ac converter, achieving promising results.


The analysis and design of reflector systems involve calculations of illumination intensities on output apertures that may have complicated shapes. The reflectors themselves may be aspherical or even nonrotationally symmetric. Here systems with a single reflector and a point source of energy are considered, and an analytic formula for computing illumination intensity on an output aperture with an arbitrary shape is presented. A numerical algorithm for calculating the intensity by this formula is also provided. The intensity formula is derived here for systems in which the point source may be nonisotropic and the reflector may not be rotationally symmetric. The formula expresses the illumination intensity in terms of the polar radius defining the reflector, its derivatives up to second order, and the optical path length. The formula is suitable for analytic and numerical calculations of the illumination intensities.


We investigated a bearing measured for shaft inclination with a thin cylindrical surface at bearing end, whose axial length is a and its thickness is t. Bearing dimensions are D = 28.6 mm and L = 12 mm. The load capacity was calculated for a shaft inclination of Δe under conditions in which the inclination angle, a, was 90°, and the minimum film thickness, h min , was 2.0 μm. We came to the following conclusions: (1) The detailed calculation procedures to obtain a solution for pressure and bearing deformation are described. (2) The bearing takes its maximum load capacity at a certain amount of delta e. The load capacity behavior as a function of Δe keeping the parameter a/L constant is discussed. (3) Under the given load and alL = 0.5, the operational range for Δe is given by 0 < Δe < 0.81. (4) The parameter t influences the magnitude of the load capacity and its position of Δe. (5) The choice of parameters a/L and t is important. The load capacity reaches fivefold of a rigid bearing under a/L = 0.5, choosing an appropriate t.


BACKGROUND
To assess the main contributory factors on asthma control and on health-related quality of life in elderly asthmatic subjects.

METHODS
Retrospective case-control study nested in historical cohort that compared patients who had partly or uncontrolled asthma (ACT ≤ 19) (cases) with patients who had well asthma control (ACT ≥ 20) (controls). Data regarding clinical characteristics were collected from medical records. Outcomes included ACT (asthma control test), and health-related quality of life (AQLQ) (asthma-specific quality of life questionnaire). Pulmonary function was determined by spirometry.

RESULTS
We evaluated 209 patients (151 women) ≥ 65 years old with asthma. Mean age was 73.55 years. Most patients had persistent moderate (47.60%) or severe (47.12%) asthma. A total ACT score ≤ 19 was obtained in 64 (30.62%) patients. Lack of adherence to treatment and presence of severe exacerbations behaved as a risk factor for partly controlled/uncontrolled asthma (OR 8.33 and OR 5.29, respectively). In addition, for each unit scored more in the AQLQ, the risk of poor control increased 1.51. Factors influencing AQLQ were asthma control (ACT) and presence of comorbidities such as depression, GERD and osteoporosis.

CONCLUSIONS
Despite receiving anti-asthmatic therapy, almost one-third of elderly patients had uncontrolled asthma. Factors related to treatment adherence, exacerbations and health-related quality of life should be considered. Non-respiratory comorbid conditions in older patients does not seem to be associated with worse asthma control of symptoms but their influence in health-related quality of life could indirectly affect asthma control.


We examined behavior problems in 80 adolescents (39 male; mean age = 15.74 years) adopted in early childhood by Canadians from globally depriving Romanian institutions. Overall, rates of clinically significant behavior problems were comparable to rates found in younger postinstitutionalized adopted children. The association between duration of deprivation before adoption and behavior problems indicated relatively less lasting impact of deprivation on the behavior problems of adolescents who were adopted prior to 2 years of age. Measures of attachment, communicative openness about adoption, and exposure to culture of origin, which have been theoretically and, to a lesser extent, empirically linked to adjustment in postinstitutionalized adoptees were unrelated despite their apparent common conceptual link to sensitive parenting. Attachment and communicative openness were each significantly and negatively correlated with behavior problems; exposure to culture of origin was not. Hierarchical regressions revealed independent contributions of attachment and communicative openness to predicting behavior problems in postinstitutionalized adolescents.


This paper presents a novel low-complexity technique for reducing the Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems followed by an efficient hardware co-simulation implementation of this technique by using a Xilinx system generator on a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). In this technique, each subblock is interleaved with the others, and a new optimisation scheme is introduced in which the number of iterations is equal only to the number of subblocks, which results in reduced processing time and less computation that, in turn, leads to reduced complexity. Furthermore, the proposed method focuses on simplifying the required hardware resources. Thus, it can be easily combined with other simplified techniques. The simulation results demonstrate that the new technique can effectively reduce the complexity up to 98.22% compared with the new existing Partial Transmit Sequence (PTS) techniques and yield a good Bit Error Rate (BER) performance. Through the comparison of performance between simulation and hardware, it is distinctly illustrated that the designed hardware block diagram is as workable as the simulation and the difference of the result is only 0.1 dB.


People spend a large portion of time at their workplace and henceforth, need actions to recharge their mind and body. Therefore, it is important to highlight on health promotion activities in the workplace that focus on changing personal health behaviours such as diet. Research has revealed that physical activities increase work efficiency [1] and planned naps taken during work keep suitable levels of waking function for day-time and night-time work [2]. Most relevant research has been done without considering the theoretical concept and empirical approach. This study aims to develop persuasive applications incorporating psychological theories to combine these implicit measures such as consuming a healthy diet, physical activity and napping at the workplace. The quantitative and qualitative approach will be used to empirically measuring the effectiveness of the applications in the context of employees' health behaviour change. It is hoped that users will benefit from improved health using the applications.


Taking the library of Fuzhou University on the new campus as an example,this paper expounds that university libraries should focus on four aspects such as the artistic style,color design,functions,and humane care so as to show their architectural taste,attract readers,and serve them.


Key Points OPN induction potentiates type 2 immune response during C. neoformans infection. Macrophage-derived OPN promotes C. neoformans growth and proliferation. OPN is essential for C. neoformans–induced M2 polarization. A multifunctional glycoprotein, osteopontin (OPN), can modulate the function of macrophages, resulting in either protective or deleterious effects in various inflammatory diseases and infection in the lungs. Although macrophages play the critical roles in mediating host defenses against cryptococcosis or cryptococcal pathogenesis, the involvement of macrophage-derived OPN in pulmonary infection caused by fungus Cryptococcus has not been elucidated. Thus, our current study aimed to investigate the contribution of OPN to the regulation of host immune response and macrophage function using a mouse model of pulmonary cryptococcosis. We found that OPN was predominantly expressed in alveolar macrophages during C. neoformans infection. Systemic treatment of OPN during C. neoformans infection resulted in an enhanced pulmonary fungal load and an early onset of type 2 inflammation within the lung, as indicated by the increase of pulmonary eosinophil infiltration, type 2 cytokine production, and M2-associated gene expression. Moreover, CRISPR/Cas9–mediated OPN knockout murine macrophages had enhanced ability to clear the intracellular fungus and altered macrophage phenotype from pathogenic M2 to protective M1. Altogether, our data suggested that macrophage-derived OPN contributes to the elaboration of C. neoformans–induced type 2 immune responses and polarization of M2s that promote fungal survival and proliferation within macrophages.


We all know that statistics do not tell the whole story, yet I believe you will find that Goldenbaum et al. are on the right track with the statistics and conclusions presented in their article Physician's Charged with Opioid-Analgesic Prescribing Offenses . The article describes the "big picture" relating to the characteristics and outcomes of criminal and administrative cases against physicians and opioid-prescribing behaviors. The article presents the study data in a variety of ways and uniquely uses three scenarios to provide readers with some valuable guidance on the patterns and challenges that might increase a prescriber's exposure to criminal and/or administrative lawsuits. Goldenbaum et al. conclude that their statistics show "practicing physicians, including pain medicine specialists, have little objective cause for concern about being prosecuted by law enforcement or disciplined by state medical boards …" I applaud the authors for their tremendous contribution to the pain community, which goes well beyond the written word. I believe this article offers tremendous insight, focus for future research strategies, and most of all, hope for the pain community in its efforts to achieve the principles of balance defined by Joranson and Gilson [1].

Underlying Goldenbaum et al.'s article is the pain …


The effects of flexibilities of supporting structures on shaft alignment are growing as ship sizes are Increasing mainly for container carrier and LNG carrier. But, most of classification societies not only do not suggest any quantitative guidelines about the flexibilities but also do not have shaft alignment design program considering the flexibility of supporting structures. A newly developed program, which is based on innovative shaft alignment technologies including nonlinear elastic multi-support bearing concept and hull deflection database approach, has S basic modules : 1)fully automated finite element generation module, 2) hull deflection database and it`s mapping module on bearings, 3) squeezing and oil film pressure calculation module, 4) optimization module and 5) gap & sag calculation module. First module can generate finite element model including shafts, bearings, bearing seats, hull and engine housing without any misalignment of nodes. Hull deflection database module has built-in absolute deflection data for various ship types, sizes and loading conditions and imposes the transformed relative deflection data on shafting system. The squeezing of lining material and oil film pressures, which are relatively solved by Hertz contact theory and built-in hydrodynamic engine, can be calculated and visualized by pressure calculation module. One of the most representative capabilities is an optimization module based on both DOE and Hooke-Jeeves algorithm.


The existence of Sharia Supervisory Board in Sharia Financial Institution which has a legal entity as a company is a mandate of legislation and to keep the trust of sharia financial consumers. In fact, Sharia Supervisory Board who works in Sharia Financial Institution does not have any clear post and responsibility based on Act Number 40 Year 2007 in Limited Company, Act Number 21 Year 2008 in Sharia Banking and others related legislations. In addition, they were assumed as a financial burden because every company based on Sharia Principles must own Sharia Supervisory Board. This paper will analyze these problems using normative legal method with legal approach. The result of this paper will offer idea and legal thoughts in order to place Sharia Supervisory Board into company organs. Furthermore, Sharia Financial Institution as a company should work effectively and efficiently to get the best profit based on Sharia Principles. Keywords—Sharia Supervisory Board; Company Organs; Sharia Financial Institution;


Objective:To identify an interaction between angiotensinogen(AGT) gene polymorphisms and angiotensin Ⅱ type Ⅰ receptor(AT1 R) gene polymorphisms on the risk of cerebral infarction.Methods: AGT genotypes and AT1R genotypes were investigated with the methods of PCR-RLFP in 77 patients with cerebral infarction(CI) and 98 healthy individuals controls.Fatalness of genetic factors toward CI were analyzed by Logistic regression.Results: AGT T704C gene polymorphism revealed significant difference of CC genotype and C allelic distribution in CI patients(63.6%,79.9%) and controls(34.7%,61.2%).There were significantly difference in the frequencies of AT1R A1166C genotypes and C allele among CI patients(61.1%,30.5%) and controls(8.2%,4.1%);Logistic regression analysis showed the polymorphsim of AGT gene was therisk factor for cerebral infarction(OR=2.513,P0.05);the polymorphsim of AT1R gene was the risk factor for cerebral infarction(OR=10.322,P0.05).The polymorphsim of AGT gene and AT1R allele might have coordinating function in the pathogenesis of cerebral infarction(OR=14.325,P0.05).Conclusion:The polymorphism of AGT is related to the incidence of CI;There were synergistic effects of AGT and AT1R gene polymorphisms on the risk of CI.


Salt bridges play an important role in protein stability, protein-protein interactions, and protein folding. The electrostatic solvation free energies of the analogues of charged amino acid side chains were calculated using both explicit solvent free energy perturbation methods and implicit solvation models such as Poisson Boltzmann and surface-generalized Born model. A systematic difference between explicit and implicit solvent results was observed, which we attribute to a specific first-shell solvation effect, which we refer to as bridging waters. We present a method for including a single explicit bridging water between the pairs that improves the implicit solvation models significantly.


The subject of this thesis is one of the most popular dramas interpreted by an alternative Madrid´s theatre - Cuarta Pared (The Fourth Wall). Trilogia de la Juventud (Trilogy of the Youth) was interpreted in 1999, 2001 and 2002 and made this theatre company more famous. The authors try to pick up the characteristic of the young people of the 40´s, 70´s and the last years of the 20th century. The three parts have some similarities as for example work, problems with finding a job and failures of all the characters influenced by their age and the period they live in. With help of these similarities the authors try to make the audience realize that our parents and grandparents are not different from us in spite of the existing generation gap, on the contrary, we all are very similar and so we should think about our parents, learn from their mistakes and take an example by them. During the performance the actors appeal to the audience, changing the time line try to come close and establish contact with them to make them notice about all the ideas expressed by Trilogy of the Youth.


This research is intended to assert the legal basis for Shares Guarantee Seizure implementation, and execution mechanism towards Court Judgement of Permanent Legal Force, based on positive laws, which should be enforced as an actual legal basis in order to achieve legal certainty as a practice of Shares Guarantee Seizure implementation.
The research is conducted through normative juridical method approach with descriptive analytical research specifications, and data analysis performed with qualitative methods.
This study results shown, firstly, the actual legal basis for the efforts of Shares Guarantee Seizure is contained in article 227 section (1) of HIR in conjunction with Article 511 of The Indonesian Civil Code, as long as its implementation fulfills the basic requirements. Therefore, the Judges are forbidden to refer to Book II of Technical Guidelines for Administrative and Practical Civil Justice as a basis of legal considerations in their verdict, given that these guidelines are not the product regulation. Secondly, there are several distinct in the execution mechanisms of Shares Guarantee Seizure towards limited companies, concludes that Guarantee Seizure of a private company stock is merely administrative by way a Bailiff registered the stock identity in Department of Law and Human Rights (Depkumham), that no obstacles were encountered in performing the execution. While shares guarantee seizure execution of a public company is way too difficult because it is hard to identify respective stocks on Stock Market. Juridically speaking, the stock is happened to be seized, but the execution is not possible to comply. Both mechanisms have not been asserted in HIR, therefore the rule itself became unclear, whereas rules supposed to achieve legal certainty. Hence, to obtain legal certainty, new product regulations for Procedure of Civil Law are required in legislation (wet) arrangement, which should accommodate most of legal issues dynamics in Indonesia.


In this study metamaterial based (MA) absorber sensor, integrated with an X-band waveguide, is numerically and experimentally suggested for important application including pressure, density sensing and marble type detecting applications based on rectangular split ring resonator, sensor layer and absorber layer that measures of changing in the dielectric constant and/or the thickness of a sensor layer. Changing of physical, chemical or biological parameters in the sensor layer can be detected by measuring the resonant frequency shifting of metamaterial absorber based sensor. Suggested MA based absorber sensor can be used for medical, biological, agricultural and chemical detecting applications in microwave frequency band. We compare the simulation and experimentally obtained results from the fabricated sample which are good agreement. Simulation results show that the proposed structure can detect the changing of the refractive indexes of different materials via special resonance frequencies, thus it could be said that the MA-based sensors have high sensitivity. Additionally due to the simple and tiny structures it could be adapted to other electronic devices in different sizes.


Metabolic Disease
Obesity is associated with increased risk of developing a range of disorders, including cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. In obese individuals, accumulation of fat in the liver, termed nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), has been linked to the development of


Nowadays biomedical imaging provides major aid in many branches of medicine; it enables and facilitates the capture, transmission and analysis of biomedical images as well as providing assistance towards medical diagnoses. Medical imaging is still on the rise with new imaging modalities being added and continuous improvements of devices' capabilities. Segmentation and contour extraction are important steps towards image analysis. Segmented images are now used routinely in a multitude of different applications, such as, diagnosis, treatment planning, localization of pathology, study of anatomical structure, computer-integrated surgery, among others. However, image segmentation remains a difficult task due to both the variability of object shapes and the variation in image quality. Particularly, biomedical images are often corrupted by noise and sampling artifacts, which can cause considerable difficulties when applying rigid methods. In many occasions, segmentation is considered as a process of classification of objects in a scene, and also in certain measure, it is equivalent to its recognition (objects) since, as a consequence of segmentation the different objects (physical realizations of classes or abstract patterns), these stay perfectly located inside the digital image. In a graphic way in Figure 1, it is represented the segmentation process of a simple image. It is appreciated in this Figure that as result of segmentation the image was transformed from a gross digital image with all their information in form of gray-levels to an image much more simplified, where the different objects are well distinguished.


Many studies have examined the influence of global climate change and regional human activities on the climate of arid Central Asia, but their separate contributions have rarely been reported due to lack of a comprehensive description of regional human activities, especially the irrigation process, in the model. In this study, we conducted two sets of 40‐year continuous simulations with and without human activities to distinguish the effects of regional human activities and global climate change on the surface air temperature (T2), humidity (Q2) and precipitation of a typical mountain‐oasis‐desert system in northern Tianshan by using a modified WRF‐Noah model with irrigation processes. The results indicated that the annual average T2, Q2 and convective precipitation during the past 40 years increased by 0.393°C, 0.063 g/kg and 0.014 mm/d, respectively, and the annual average large‐scale precipitation and total annual average precipitation decreased by approximately −0.017 and −0.003 mm/d, respectively. Regional human activities contributed 52.63% and 50.38% of the change in large‐scale precipitation and total precipitation, respectively, while global climate change accounted for more than 80% of the change in temperature and humidity. Among the human activities, irrigation had the largest impact on T2/Q2 over the local irrigation region and on precipitation in the upstream Tianshan mountainous area. However, for the whole region, the increase in the green vegetation fraction was the core factor that impacted the regional climate. Our results can deepen the understanding of the attribution and mechanism of climate change and provide water and heat change references for other mountain‐oasis‐desert systems in arid endorheic regions.


Operation Hysterosalpingography was carried out under general anaesthesia using iodized poppy-seed oil containing 40 per cent. iodine (Lipiodol "F" Fluide, Laboratoires Andre Guerbet). The contrast medium was injected into the uterus under fluoroscopic control using a portable image intensifier. The Fallopian tubes appeared to be patent and a uterine septum was present. In a radiograph taken after screening, intravasation of Lipiodol into the uterine venous plexus and into the main pelvic veins was observed (Fig. i).


The study aims to analyse and discuss work motivation variables and transformational leadership styles on employee performance, work motivation variables and transformational leadership styles in Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB), and Organizatinal Citizenship Behaviour (OCB) variables on employee performance. The population in this study were all employees of BMT UGT SIDOGIRI Jember consisting of 152 people. The sampling method uses a sampling probability with a random sampling approach using the Sovlin formula so that a sample of 110 respondents is obtained. The research uses line analysis and SPSS 20.0 as an analytical tool. The results of this study are (1) The motivation of work is significant impact on Organizational Citizenship Behaviour of BMT UGT Sidogiri Jember Employees, (2) Transformational leadership style significant influence on Organizational Citizenship Behaviour on employees of BMT UGT Sidogiri Jember, (3) Work motivation is significant effect on the performance of BMT UGT Sidogiri Jember Employees, (4) The Transformational leadership style is significant to the performance of the employees of BMT UGT Sidogiri Jember , (5) Organizational Citizenship Behaviour has a significant effect on the performance of employees of BMT UGT Sidogiri Jember, (6) The motivation of work has a significant impact on performance through the Organizational Citizenship Behaviour on employees of BMT UGT Sidogiri Jember, (6) The Transformational leadership style is significant to the performance through the Organizational Citizenship Behaviour at BMT UGT Sidogiri


The invention discloses a double-effect type server radiating device combining liquid cooling and compressor air cooling systems. The device comprises a main radiating device and an auxiliary radiating device which are assembled into the same frame and separated through a hole plate; the main radiating device exchanges heat with a liquid cooling radiating device which is in direct contact with a server; the auxiliary radiating device is used for absorbing afterheat which is not absorbed by the main radiating device;, wherein the auxiliary radiating device is a compressor air cooling system. According to the device, a server is directly cooled through the main radiating device, so that the problem of local overheat and hot point of the server can be solved; meanwhile, the auxiliary radiating device is used for absorbing the afterheat which is directly cooled by the main radiating device and is not absorbed; the device has the characteristics of being simple, reliable, low in power consumption, and small in noise, and meetings the concept of energy conservation and environmental protection.


The Innovation will cause the transformation of the existence conception and the operation mechanism of the library, and brings about the great influence on the conception, regulation, means, and methods, etc. of the management and service of the library. This paper discusses on the technical management, economic management, humanistic management and organizational management of the information resources, and probes into the innovation of the people-based information resources management and service of the library.


Air-entraining agent and compound mineral admixture uni-doped or co-doped affecting durability(frost resistance,resistance to chloride ino permeability,corrosion resistance,etc)of high fluidity C40,C50 concrete is analysed through quick freeze-thaw tests,American coulometric method,dry-wet cycling corrosion method,etc..The results showed that for frost resistance,compared with normal concrete,concrete double mixed with compound mineral admixture and air-entraining agent has the best effect while uni-doped air-entraining agent takes second place,and uni-doped compound mineral admixture slightly better.For resistance to chloride ino permeability,concrete with co-doped compound mineral admixture and air-entraing agent has the best effect,uni-doped compound mineral admixture takes second place,uni-doped air-entraining agent shows a slight decline.Under the designed corrosion conditions,various C50 concrete has good performance on resistance to corrosion,comparatively,and all kinds of C40 concrete except air-entrained one have better properties.


The paper presents a pre-feasibility type study of a proposed heat pump assisted geothermal heating system for an average hotel in Felix Spa, Romania. After a brief presentation of the geothermal reservoir, the paper gives the methodology and the results of the technical and economical calculations. The technical and economical viability of the proposed system is discussed in detail in the final part of the paper.


The paper proposes an image compression and coding scheme based on discrete wavelet transform (DWT), which makes the best of the relativities among original image and coefficients of wavelet, the relativities among pixels of subimages, the relativities among directions of subimages. Human visual specialities were considered, so the compression scheme leads up to make full use of the statistical redundancy and visual redundancy of image. To get high compression ratio and good quality of image, the coefficients of image working on the quality of image greatly were reserved accurately, but the coefficients of image working on the quality of image slightly were quantified roughly. Also, the regrouping and coding of the coefficients could be used universally. The experimental results show that the compression method is provided with simply calculating, little time for coding and decoding and satisfying quality companied with high compression ratio.


Apparatus for capturing scattered light from behind an arterial wall comprising: a catheter (16) having a longitudinal axis: delivery fibers and uptake (18, 20) extending through the catheter device beam redirector distribution (60) in optical communication with the delivery fiber (18), the redirector delivery beam oriented to illuminate an illumination spot (32) on the arterial wall being; a device beam redirector pickup (82) in optical communication with the collection fiber (20) and separated from the redirector beam distribution along a longitudinal direction parallel to said longitudinal axis by a first distance the device beam redirector pickup (82) oriented to collect light from a collection spot (34) on the separate arterial wall from the illumination spot (32) along a longitudinal direction parallel to said axis a longitudinal second distance exceeds the first distance.


This article describes the Car.NET design strategy which offers wireless Internet access to drivers. It examines the compatibility of Car.NET with other vehicle electronics and emphasizes the opportunities for communications, referencing the Microsoft Mobile Information server. The article lists the functions of Windows CE for Automotive 3.0, covering real-time operation, communication and graphic programming, and the availability of a Critical Process Manager (CPM).


Research has demonstrated the challenges that listeners face when they are presented with nonnative sounds in noise. The challenges have been observed in both lowand high-level perception. However, the relationship between the two types of processing remains unknown. The present paper reports the results of two experiments. Experiment 1 explored the identification of English consonants in intervocalic context, and Experiments 2 explored the identification of words, both in quiet and noisy conditions by native Japanese listeners. Consonants that Japanese listeners often have difficulty to perceive accurately (/l/ and /r/) are extracted and discussed. Results showed that 1) task differences did not have a significant effect on overall consonant identification, 2) task differences affected the identification of /l/ and /r/, and 3) predictability played an important role in word identification.


Sixty-six hybrids of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) resulting from crossing of twelve open pollinated varieties in diallel design excluding reciprocals were evaluated in R.B.D. at research farm, SKN College of Agriculture, Jobner (Rajasthan). Results indicated that an appreciable amount of heterosis and heterobeltiosis was evident for most of the characters studied. For seed yield per plant magnitude of heterosis over mid- and better parent varied from –25.63 to 61.89% and –25.97 to 54.28%, respectively. The cross combinations UF(M)-1 x HF-102, UF-134 x Local, JF-25 x HF-71, RF-125 x UF-133, UF-90 x HF-102, UF-134 x HF-71, RF-125 x UF-90, HF-71 x HF-102, RF-101 x JF-25 and UF(M)-1 x Local were found most desirable as these showed high magnitude of heterosis over better parent for seed yield per plant along with other yield contributing characters, which offers a better scope for commercial exploitation of heterosis in fennel.


This article focuses on the co-constitution of the home and age(ing) in the retirement transition, that is, how the experiences of home change in the transition from work to retirement, and how the experiences of retiring change with transformations of the home. The article first outlines current literature on transitions in later life and the home. Subsequently, it presents data from the project 'Doing Retiring' along three lines of inquiry: meanings, practices and negotiations of and within the home, and how they change across the retirement transition. Finally, it discusses implications of understanding the transition from work to retirement and the home as not merely related, but co-constitutive. It concludes by suggesting a 'doing' approach to life course transitions which focuses on socio-material practices and thus offers a prominent place in transition research to spatiality, materiality and processuality.


The design features and development tests of electrically heated rock-melting universal extruding SUBTERRENE prototype penetrators are described. Engineering drawings of the successful 58-mm-(2.3-in.)-diam refractory metal penetrator system are presented. These prototype penetrators have melted holes in laboratory samples of basalt, granite, and low-density tuff. The rock-melt debris, or cuttings, can be extruded in a variety of forms including glass rods, glass pellets, and rock wool. These cuttings are removed by the coolant through the annular stem in a manner similar to that used in rotary drilling technology. /AUTHOR/


This study examined how teacher caring contributed to teacher work enjoyment compared with good student behaviors and competence in student behavioral management. While teacher caring has unique importance in terms of educational ethics and student educational outcomes, little research has been done on how teacher caring benefits the psychological well-being of teachers themselves. In contrast to what is found in the literature, which considers the emotional aspect of teacher caring costs, our findings indicate that teacher caring contributes significantly to teacher work enjoyment. Research indicates that student behaviors and competence in managing student behaviors are strong predictors of teacher job satisfaction, this study showed that teacher caring contributed significantly more to teacher positive emotion compared with the model that combines both good student behaviors and competence in student behavioral management.


Goldmann, K. The Line in Water: International and Domestic Politics. Cooperation and Conflict, XXIV, 1989, 103-116. It is common to criticize political scientists for separating the inseparable and making a sharp distinction between international and domestic politics. The problem pre sumably is that different models of the fundamentals of politics are used by those concerned with international and domestic politics, that this separation reduces their ability to understand both, and that therefore the separate models ought to be merged with each other. The merger can take the form of establishing the linkages that may obtain between politics at the international and the domestic levels, or of presuming that the two levels are isomorphic and hence that international and domestic politics are not just interrelated but the same. In the paper, various merged models of politics are surveyed, and examples from Swedish politics are used to suggest a variety of new tasks for the comparative study of politics.


From design to use of environments for eParticipation, many roles with distinct characteristics, intents, goals and tasks can manipulate this system by creating or using artifacts, e.g. ontologies, process models, ICTs and reports. The distinct viewpoints capture information that can be relevant for redesigning both eParticipation processes and environments. Here, we discuss who these actors are and their characteristics, intents, goals and artifacts manipulated thus analyzing how their distinct viewpoints of the system can be employed, by visualizing them as direct or indirect eParticipation designers.


Macbeth's title, King of Scotland, is "a giant's robe/ Upon a dwarfish thief," as Angus mentions in the play. In fact, the title is like an...


A semiconductor device mounting board in which high density packaging and fining can be realized in response to smaller pitches while ensuring excellent reliability of package by improving a conventional wiring board, its producing method and inspecting method, and a semiconductor package. The semiconductor device mounting board in characterized by comprising a wiring structure film consisting of an insulation layer and a wiring layer, a first electrode pattern provided on one surface of the wiring structure film such that at least the side circumference thereof touches the insulation layer but at least the lower surface thereof does not touch the insulation layer and the surface of the insulation layer provided with the first electrode pattern is coplanar with the lower surface of the first electrode pattern, a second electrode pattern formed on the surface opposite to the first electrode pattern, an insulator film provided with an opening pattern being confined in the first electrode pattern, and a metal support provided on the surface of the insulator film.


The National Maritime Museum at Greenwich holds the most important public collection of oil paintings by William Hodges, those of Cook's second Pacific voyage, 1772–75, done for the Admiralty both during and after it. Hodges was official landscape artist on the expedition and therefore the first professional painter to see both the tropical south-central Pacific and the Antarctic ice of the Indian, Pacific and Atlantic sectors of the Southern Ocean. This note reports previously unrecorded features of several of his resulting works, discovered during their preparation for the 2004 exhibition at the Museum, William Hodges, 1744 – 1797: the Art of Exploration. Two were X-rayed for the first time – A View in Pickersgill Harbour, Dusky Bay, New Zealand, and a larger canvas of Cook's ships Resolution and Adventure in Matavai Bay, Tahiti.1 Raking light examination has also revealed variant title inscriptions on these and one other.2


Among the different types of waste, hazardous waste poses a serious challenge to humans and the environment if not properly managed. Although many industries generate hazardous waste in various degrees, heavy industries generate the largest volume of hazardous waste. While hazardous waste management (HWM) has been studied well in many industry sectors and countries, it is not so with heavy industries in developing countries. The purpose of this paper was therefore to identify the factors affecting the HWM practices in heavy industries in Sri Lanka. The data was collected from 40 companies in ten different industrial categories of heavy industry. The respondent was the environmental officer of each company. The analysis reveals that technological facilities, public resistance, company policy, and economic factors affect the HWM practices in heavy industries in Sri Lanka. This study has several policy level and managerial implications for HWM in heavy industries to contribute towards the achievement of sustainable development.


ABSTRACTThe paper outlines a method for the simulation of third order systems with only one operational amplifier.A particular case of the general third order systems, that is, systems with double lead is considered in this paper.A network consisting of one operational amplifier, three capacitors and five resistors is presented. The circuit is analysed and the conditions under which it is physically realizable for simulating the given system are discussed. The design equations and procedure are also given.


Vacuum sublimed Snpc films with a-form and β-form polycrystalline structures were prepared and characterized by optical absorption spectrum and X-ray diffraction measurements. Films grown on anisotropic substrates were measured for polarization absorption. The partially oriented β-SnPc film was found to possess large linear dichroism and the dichromatic absorption axis rotated over 90 degrees when going from the blue side to the red side of the Q exciton band. A new band near 530 urn was observed which was believed to be an inter-molecular charge-transfer excitation band.


This paper addresses a difficult problem of designing a control approach with simple structure to perform attitude tracking maneuver for rigid satellites. The satellite is subject to external disturbance torque and uncertain inertia parameters. An observer-based estimation law is first proposed to reconstruct the uncertain dynamics. It is shown that such estimation can be achieved with zero estimation error after finite time. A proportional-derivative (PD)-type controller including a classical PD control effort and a compensation control part is then presented. The compensation control is designed based on the estimated information, and applied to completely reject the uncertain dynamics. The closed-loop attitude tracking system is governed to be asymptotically stable. Moreover, the control performance can be achieved by tuning control gains in the theoretical framework of classic PD control theory. Simulation and experimental test are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the developed approach.


The effects of 1-MCP on ethylene production,respiration rate,storage quality,fruit softening and postharvest disease of fruit were reviewed.And the prospects of research and application of 1-MCP were discussed in this paper.


In this paper we study the finitely generated bigraded modules over a standard bigraded polynomial ring which are relative Cohen-Macaulay or relative unmixed with respect to one of the irrelevant bigraded ideals. A generalization of Reisner's criterion for Cohen-Macaulay simplicial complexes is considered.


Laboratory, John lnnes Centre, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK 2 Nitrogen Fixation The cytochrome bd complex in the obligately aerobic diazotroph Azotobacter vinelandii is an oxidase, which, in wiwo, has a low affinity for oxygen and is required for respiratory protection of nitrogenase. Mutations caused by insertion of Tn5-B20 upstream of the structural genes (CydAB) for cytochrome bd result in over-expression of this oxidase and, for unexplained reasons, inability of the organism to grow microaerobically. Cloning and sequencing of this upstream region revealed a gene, cydR. The deduced amino acid sequence of CydR indicates that it is a new member of the Fnr class of regulators and that it represses cydAB expression. Refined mapping data for three insertions in cydR are presented. The cloned cydR gene complemented anaerobic growth of Escherichis coli fnr mutants and strongly enhanced expression of a narG-lacZ fusion in an E. coli fnr mutant.


Considerable improvement in maximum permeability is obtained in certain high-Curie-point binary cobalt-iron alloys by using ultrapure materials. The iron content of the alloys described is in the range 6 to 10 weight percent. The magnetic properties of the 9.3-percent-iron alloy are given from room temperature to 1000° C. A table of co ercive force and residual induction is also included for the 9.3-percent-iron material. The results indicate that the alloys in the range 7 to % 1 percent iron promise to be impor tant magnetic materials for high-temperature applications such as power transformers, electrical machinery stators, and square loop devices.


For submicron device technology, 2D process modeling is essential. The need for shallow junctions and control of lateral dimensions of well and oxide isolation regions require well-characterized processes. This paper presents results obtained with SUPREM-IV which show fully numerical 2D coupled diffusion for both point defects and dopant atoms. Based on comparison of experimental results and parameter extraction for surface kinetic coefficients of point defects, SUPREM-IV is used to design a new n-well process with 37% reduction of the lateral well dimension. For dopant diffusion, the role of coupled point defects (interstitials and vacancies) and dopants are shown to give a unique result based on extracted surface recombination rates (1) and experimental data.


This paper put forward five key factors that will influence the management performance of university authority according to the connotion of effectiveness. They are,"organizations, individuals, technology, culture and the incentive and restrictive policies". And also put forward measures to improve the effectiveness.


Laboratory and analytical fatigue studies were undertaken to assess the criticality of flaws found within several 63.5 mm-diameter communication tower eye-bolts. Fatigue-fracture mechanics analyses provided fatigue life predictions which compared closely with subsequent fatigue experiments on the eyebolts subjected to particular load histories. Results of the study provided the basis for continued usage of many of the used eyebolts and gave specific guidelines on flaw size/location/criticality that were important in setting nondestructive inspection intervals and sensitivity limits. 9 refs.


Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in the liver is associated with accelerated outgrowth of micrometastases. The aim of the study was to test the role of CD95 signaling in accelerated outgrowth of colorectal liver metastases following I/R.


Unstable mechanical structure, low energy efficiency, and cooling requirements limit the application of conventional x-ray tubes based on filament as cathode in several academic areas. In this paper, we demonstrate a light-controlled pulsed x-ray tube using multialkali cathode as electron generator. The photocathode active area of the light controlled x-ray tube is 13.2 cm2 (41 mm in diameter), which provides high photoelectron-emitting efficiency up to 0.288 mA/lm in 460-nm LED and 2.37-mA maximum tube current. Furthermore, the modulation ability from 1 kHz to 100 kHz of the x-ray tube is tested. The results suggest that the light-controlled pulsed x-ray tube has easy modulation and short x-ray pulse properties and is promising to be the next generation x-ray tube with wide applications in medical radiationtherapy as well as the calibration for detectors and scintillators.


Those working with alternating-gradient (A-G) systems look for simple, accurate ways to analyze A-G performance for matched beams. The useful K-V equations [1] are easily solved in the smooth approximation [2], [3], [4]. This approximate solution becomes quite inaccurate for applications with large focusing fields and phase advances. Results of efforts to improve the accuracy [5], [6] have tended to be indirect or complex. Our generalizations presented previously [7] gave better accuracy in a simple explicit format. However, the method used to derive our results (expansion in powers of a small parameter) was complex and hard to follow; also, reference [7] only gave low-order correction formulas.


Cultural and creative industries are a kind of practice which canonizes innovation and emphasizes blend of culture and economy at the background of knowledge economy. Cultural and creative industries not only promote economy development and exalt urban competitiveness, but also engender community consciousness in psychology and shapes urban whole image. Cultural and creative industries are the new points of growth in the economic development of the city. With the economic system switch, industries upgrade, city functional shift, the independent innovation has becoming the national strategy. The creative industry has brought the huge benefit for the society and economic development. At present, many cities and areas already started to develop the creative industry. Against the backdrop of the industry tend toward gathering, Guangxi's creative industries keep continuous rising, industrial development obtains the new environment, shows the new features, faces the new problems and expects the new idea, and shows the new development direction and development tendency under the guidance of the party's "China's 17th Communist Party Congress". Against this major background, the article maintains that Guangxi should conform to historical, energetically develop creative industries, and give top priority to the development of cultural and creative industries. The paper analyzes the conditions, advantages, methods and others of Guangxi's cultural and creative industries.


In order to make the evaluation result become fair and consistent without relying on user judgement, we proposed a new mechanism of objective evaluation for remote sensing image retrieval system. This mechanism is performed by dividing the image database into some subjects and select one subject as a ground truth. Subsequently, we take an image of the ground truth as a query Q. Retrieval accurate ratio (pAR) for query Q will be computed as a comparison between utility value and maximum possible utility. This pAR value can provide the non-degeneracy score. We repeat the retrieval process for all the images in the ground truth as the query and take averaged accurate ratio (pAAR) for a subject as the average value of all the accurate ratio for all queries in a subject. These process is performed for all subjects in the database, thus we can obtain the mean averaged accurate ratio (pmAAR) as mean value of all averaged accurate ratio for all subjects.


Nobel Laureate Richard H. Thaler published the book, Misbehaving: The Making of Behavioral Economics, in 2015. In it, he discusses how human misbehavior and the impacts of misbehaviors on markets have been incor-rectly calculated. After reading his book, and especially chapter 3, "The List", I found that the five examples included in chapter 3 might not appropriately be used to explain human behavior's effect on economic theory and human misbehavior. These examples may mislead readers and make readers believe that human behavior is inconsistent with economic theory and human misbehavior. Here, I provide different views and analyses using fundamental economic theory—the theory of cost-benefit analysis—to clarify my argu-ment that people's behavior (as listed in Thaler's chapter 3) is not inconsistent with economic theory and not examples of misbehavior.


Year: 2010 Vol.: 77 Fasc.: 3-4
Title: Criteria for laws between in¯nite subsets of in¯nite groups
Author(s): A. Boukaroura and M. Bouchlaghem
A theorem of B. H. Neumman shows that in¯nite group in which every two in¯nite
subsets there exist two commuting elements, is abelian.
In this paper, we prove that if in an in¯nite group G, every two in¯nite subsets X
and Y , there exist a 2 X and b 2 Y such that [an1 ; bn2 ] = 1, then G satis¯es the law
[xn1 ; yn2 ] = 1, where n2 ´ 0[n1] and n2 2 f3; 6; 2k=k 2 N¤g.
Moreover, and using this result, we also prove that an in¯nite group satis¯es the
law (xn1
1 xn2
2 : : : xnr
r )2 = 1 if and only if in any r in¯nite subsets X1; : : : ;Xr, of G there
exist ai 2 Xi(i = 1; : : : ; r) such that (an1
1 : : : anr
r )2 = 1, where n1; : : : ; nr 2 f2k=k 2
N¤g and r ¸ 2.
Address:
A. Boukaroura
L.M.F.N, Department of Mathematics
University of Ferhat Abbas
Setif 19000
Algeria
Address:
M. Bouchlaghem
L.M.F.N, Department of Mathematics
University of Ferhat Abbas
Setif 19000
Algeria


The next big challenge for optical network operators is to meet the diverse availability requirements of the various subscribed services through the adoption of appropriate protection strategies. One promising scheme that has been proposed in the open literature and that is presenting itself as a potential approach to dealing with this challenge is the priority-aware protection scheme. However, the priority-aware protection strategy suffers from a major limitation as it privileges the failed high priority connections taking no account of the failed low priority ones. As such, this paper proposes to combine priority-aware shared protection with a parameter called mutation probability thus giving birth to a more effective protection strategy. The mutation probability parameter expresses the likelihood that a low-priority connection be promoted temporarily to a higher priority level during its recovery. The proposed mutation-based protection strategy therefore allows optical operators to improve the availability of their low-priority clients without violating the availability requirements of their high-priority ones. Performance of this novel protection strategy is analyzed in this paper by precisely calculating the connection unavailability that results from its deployment. A computational framework is proposed in this regard to highlight the merit that the mutation-based protection strategy has over the existing priority-aware protection scheme.


Of all the prerogatives of states, security and defence policy is probably the one which least The 'pilgrims' of the EU security lends itself to a collective architecture realized that . . . European approach; however, intelligence capabilities are a after the single currency, it is in prerequisite for mission this dimension that the Union accomplishment. has made the most rapid and spectacular progress over the last five years. -Secretary General / HighRepresentative Dr. Javier Solana[ ] 1


Over the past 115 years the invention of a compression ignition engine by Rudolph Diesel in the 1890s has contributed significantly to the productivity of many nations, owing to the widespread use of larger diesel powered equipment in most industrial activities. The down-side in terms of occupational health has been the exposure of a large number of workers to the complex mixture of toxic, gaseous, adsorbed organics and particulate components found in the raw exhaust emissions. Although the adverse health effects of the gaseous fraction of diesel emissions have been known for sometime, only in the last two decades has research indicated that the particulate component of the diesel exhaust has the potential to induce various health effects. In addition, it is associated with nonhealth aspects such as malodour, visual and nuisance pollution. Diesel exhaust emissions were investigated >20 years by the BOHS Hygiene Standards Committee (BOHS, 1981). The Committee's terms of reference were;


Objective:To study the effect and the mechanism of Tangzhiping on impaired glucose tolerance rats and it on islet β cells.Methods:Rats models,induced by the peritoneal injection STZ and feeding high fatty and high sugar diet,were divided into the normal control group,the model control group,the Tangzhiping group,the combination group and the acarbose group.After 4 weeks,the 2hPG of rats were detected.After 8 weeks,the blood sugar,the serum insulin and the free fatty acid were detected.The insulin sensitivity index was calculated.Meanwhile,the islet cell immunohistochemistry was analysed.Results:After 4 weeks later,the blood sugar of rats were decreased.Compared with the model control group,this index of acarbose group was induced remarkably.After 8 weeks,the blood sugar and the free fatty acid of the combination group,the acarbose group and the Tangzhiping group were decreased significantly when they being compared with the model control group.Meanwhile,the IAI of above groups was increased obviously.In the combination group,the islet number and the islet inner cell were higher significantly than those in the model group.Also,the positive expression of the insulin in the combination group was more obviously than that in the model group.Conclusion:Tangzhiping can effectively reduce blood glucose,improve the blood grease and increase insulin sensitivity index of the impaired glucose tolerance rats.It mechanism is that Tangzhiping can improve metabolism,reduce sugar toxicity and lipid toxicity,reduce islet cell apoptosis,improve beta cell function and enhance organization to insulin sensitivity,and then bring into full play its pharmacodynamic action.


The industrialization that increases day by day needs more and more power/fuel sources that are commonly available, abundant, renewable, and environmentally friendly. Recently, nearly all of the cities in China (PRC) have been influenced by haze. However, the pollutants from automobiles have always been seriously considered to be the main contamination causes of the haze and that influence human health. This study concerns the impact of hydrous ethanol on in-cylinder pressure, particulate matter (PM), and gaseous emissions (oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and unburned hydrocarbon (HC)) from a port fuel injection (PFI) gasoline engine. Tests were conducted on a four-cylinder port injection gasoline engine at different engine loads at an engine speed of 2000 rev/min for commercial gasoline, hydrous ethanol-gasoline blends (10% and 20% hydrous ethanol by volume), and an anhydrous ethanol-gasoline blend (20% anhydrous ethanol by volume). The results show that the peak in-cylinder pressure with the use of gasoline was the highest compared with the hydrous ethanol and anhydrous ethanol blends. Compared with the anhydrous ethanol blend, the hydrous ethanol blends performed well at a high load condition, equivalent to a low load. In addition, the total particulate number (PN) declines with an increase in engine operating loads for all of the fuels tested. The outcome of this study is an important reduction in PM number, mass emissions, and mean diameters of particles as the use of hydrous ethanol blends increases, while the form of the particulate size distribution remains the same. Furthermore, the NOx emission is raised with a rise in engine load, and NOx and HC emissions are reduced with the use of hydrous ethanol and anhydrous ethanol blend as equated with pure gasoline. Moreover, the correlation between the total particle number against NOx and HC has been found; the number of particles increases when the NOx emission decreases, and the opposite trend is exhibited for the HC emission. Therefore, it can be concluded that hydrous ethanol blends look to be a good selection for PM, NOx, and HC reduction for gasoline engines.


Carrier Aggregation (CA) is one of the main features in Long Term Evolution– Advanced (LTE-A). CA allows the target peak data rates in excess of 1 Gbps in the downlink and 500 Mbps in the uplink to be achieved by aggregating multiple component carriers (CCs) of 20 MHz for each CC. When CA is being put to use, it is vital to complement LTE-A systems with a robust and suitable resource scheduling scheme. There are two basic resource scheduling schemes; (i) Best CQI Scheduling and (ii) Joint User Scheduling (JUS). Since within LTE-A networks users with high data rates have increased exponentially, each scheme probably cannot accommodate the user's requirement, thus a much simpler, robust, and efficient scheme that caters to real-time traffic patterns and applications needs to be established. This paper focuses on the development of a new and fair joint user scheduling algorithm with carrier aggregation in the downlink of LTE-A. To enhance the system fairness and higher resource utilization, a novel Proportional Fair (PF) scheduling algorithm has been introduced in this study. It is known as JUS-CQI. The proposed scheme has been implemented and validated using a system level simulator built in MATLAB. The impact of the scheduling scheme towards fairness, block error rate and throughput have been examined. Simulation results have shown that the proposed algorithm has improved the users throughput by 15% compared to JUS, and enhanced the system fairness by 8.33%. Furthermore, the results have shown that the required average received Signal-to-Noise power Ratio (SNR) satisfying the average Block Error Rate (BLER) of 10 using JUS-CQI is decreased by approximately 4.8 dB compared to JUS.


The way pilots, air traffic controllers and others involved in aviation talk is changing thanks to the development of international standards and a push from component manufacturers


For linear discrete-time systems with normbounded parameter uncertainties and actuator failures, a method of non-fragile fault tolerant control with multi-indices constraints is proposed. With the nonfragility of the controller taken into consideration, the consistency theory about circular pole index, steady variance index and H-infinity constraints is presented. The problem addressed is to design a controller such that the above three objectives are simultaneously achieved for all admissible parameter uncertainties and actuator failures, while the robustness of the controller is ensured. An illustrative example is given to demonstrate the validity of the proposed design approach.


This article describes the conditions and peculiarities of supplying the management apparatus, medical facilities and steamships of Volga Basin with medical staff due to the difficulties of wartime, economic crisis, growth of social and epidemic diseases, drastic transformation of government and social institutions. The relevance of research is substantiated by insufficient study of this topic in historiography, as well as human resourcing of modern national medicine and attempts to reform healthcare system. The author examines the activity of government branches and public organizations in solution of the problem of supplying transport system of the Volga Basis with medical personnel in the period from 1918 to 1922, in the context of development of the unified project of supplying river transport with medical staff. Examination of this question is related to the process of socioeconomic development of the society. The source base is comprised of the materials from Central Archive of Nizhny Novgorod Region. The author reveals the main peculiarities of establishment of the new system of human resourcing in the extreme conditions of wartime; as well as introduced into the scientific discourse the problems of recruitment, employment and relocation of medical personnel of the central apparatus, medical institutions and passenger steamships of river transport of the Volga Basin and practices of their solution.


Several antibacterial halogenated salicylanilides, including 3,3′,4′,5‐tetrachlorosalicylanilide (TCSA) and 3,4′,5‐tribromosalicylanilide (TBSA) are known to cause photoallergy. We have carried out photochemical and spin trapping studies to determine whether free radicals may be involved in the photoallergic response. Irradiation (λ > 300 nm) of TCSA in buffered (pH 7.4) 50% ethanol resulted in the rapid loss of the 3‐chloro atom, followed by the much slower release of 5‐ and then the 4′‐chloro atoms to give 3′‐chlorosalicylanilide as a stable photoproduct. Under the same conditions TBSA successively lost the 3‐, 5‐ and 4′‐bromine atoms to give salicylanilide. When TCSA or TBSA were irradiated (λ= 356 nm) in buffered (pH 7.4) 50% ethanol containing 2‐methyl‐2‐nitrosopropane (MNP) only solvent‐derived free radicals were detected. However, irradiation (λ= 356 nm) of TCSA and MNP in 0.1 N NaOH generated an ESR spectrum consisting of a broad triplet (aN= 15.6 G).This spectrum was attributed to the adduct formed by the reaction of MNP with the aryl radical generated by the loss of a chlorine atom from the sterically hindered 3‐(or 4′‐)‐position. Under the same conditions TBSA initially generated a broad triplet (aN= 15.5 G) similar to that observed for TCSA. However, upon further irradiation a 21‐line spectrum (aN= 14.4 G, a2H= 2.0 G and a2H= 0.9 G) appeared. Since the same ESR spectrum was obtained by irradiating 4′‐bromosalicylanilide, the spectrum must be generated by an adduct formed by reaction of MNP with an aryl radical derived from loss of the 4′‐bromine atom of TBSA. Irradiation (λ= 356 nm) of TBSA, glutathione and the spin trap 5,5‐dirrrethyl‐l‐pyrroline‐N‐oxide (DMPO) yielded the glutathione thiyl adduct of DMPO. Irradiation of (λ= 356 nm) TCSA, MNP and glycylglycine resulted in the trapping of a carbon‐centered radical derived from hydrogen abstraction from the backbone methylene of the C‐terminal glycine residue. These studies demonstrate that photo‐irradiation of TCSA or TBSA generates highly reactive aryl radicals, which can react with peptides to form secondary radicals. The in vivo reaction of secondary protein radicals with the primary aryl radicals from TCSA or TBSA would result in the covalent binding of the salicylanilides to skin proteins to give molecules with antigenic potential.


The saturation in self-prepared frequency doubling fibres was studied. A numerical model was implemented to predict the width and position of the grating. A comparison with experiments showed that self-erasure dominates saturation. >


This paper makes an analysis that must be have a idea of funding cost on invest item evaluation decision,calculatig accuracy funding cost,and select a optimum fundign mode.


In this research, the system is described in the two-dimensional form to simplify the completion and modeling. There are various kinds of components, among others: evaporator, condenser, Solution Heat Exchanger (SHX), absorber, generator (including solar collector), pumps, and expansion valve.


Calvin studies have been receiving new impetus from various fields of research. Recent archive discoveries and their assessment, an increase in researching letters and commentaries, and new editions and revised theological inquiry have helped Calvin studies gain momentum. This volume compiles contributions from the 9th International Calvin Congress held in Apeldoorn in the summer of 2006.


On 9 December 2004, one of us (R.B.) received a phone call requesting assistance in identifying crevasses in Antarctica. The US South Pole Traverse (SPT) party heading from McMurdo Station (77.908 S, 166.658 E) to South Pole Station via Leverett Glacier in the Transantarctic Mountains had stopped due to the discovery of numerous crevasses along their planned route. These crevasses had been detected by ground-based ice-sounding radar moving ahead of the heavy traverse vehicles. Investigation of numerous alternative routes also identified many crevasses. A quick assessment was required, forcing us to limit our investigation of the region between the field party and the mouth of Leverett Glacier to satellite remote sensing imagery already on hand. Two types were examined. The first was the RADARSAT mosaic produced from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) collected over the entire Antarctic continent in 1997 (Jezek and others, 2002). The highest-resolution data available are those of the 25m mosaic distributed by the Alaska SAR Facility. The second image source used was 15m multispectral optical imagery from the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER). To our surprise, the RADARSAT imagery failed to show many crevasses that ASTER showed clearly. Two examples are shown for comparison. Crevasse orientation can affect the backscatter signal that a SAR detects, making crevasses aligned with the SAR look direction nearly invisible. This does not explain the poor performance of RADARSAT in our case because the crevasses have various orientations. Some resampling of the SAR data is required to create the RADARSAT mosaic, but as time was pressing, we did not examine the original swath data. The crevasses visible in the cloud-free ASTER images but not visible in the RADARSAT imagery are of various types. At the margins of a slow-moving area (84.918 S, 157.308W) near the bend made by Scott Glacier as it enters the Ross Ice Shelf, are arcuate sets of crevasses on either side formed by shear between the slow-moving ice and Scott Glacier on the south side and Mercer Ice Stream/Reedy Glacier on the north side (Fig. 1). The upstream portion of the north set is visible in the RADARSAT image, but the continuation of these crevasses downstream is not. Even farther downstream on the ice shelf, in the ice that once flowed in Scott Glacier, there are many series of crevasses that cannot be seen in the RADARSAT mosaic (Fig. 2). These are up to 30m across (i.e. generally 1–2 pixels wide) and many are > 1 km long. We had two ASTER images (each 60 km 60 km) of the area yet to be crossed by the traverse party and were able to quickly order a third scene that included the current position of the field party. These three images covered the next 80 km of the traverse and came within a few kilometers of the mouth of Leverett Glacier. We defined what we believed to be a crevasse-free route by specifying the coordinates of seven waypoints. Geographic registration was accomplished by ingesting the level 1B ASTER data into ENVI image analysis software. We are happy to report that by following our new route, the field party was able to travel the 80 km to the end of our ASTER coverage in just 2 days and encountered no crevasses along the way. Our experience calls attention to the potential danger of assuming the 25m resolution of the RADARSAT mosaic is sufficient to identify all crevassed areas of the ice sheet. This is particularly important for assessing the safety of surface traverse routes.


The expression of matrix metalloproteinase‐21 (MMP‐21) has been shown to be elevated in some solid tumor and thought to enhance tumor invasion and metastasis ability. In the present study, we investigated the expression of MMP‐21 and its association with prognosis in stage II and III colorectal cancer.


Emancipating the mind is the essence of the theory of socialism with Chinese characteristics.Great achievements of China′s socialist construction are glorious victories of sticking to emancipating the mind.From the philosophical perspective,this paper makes a preliminary discussion on the concept of the emancipation of the mind,demonstrating the wise judgement that emancipating the mind is a magic weapon in the development of socialism with Chinese characteristics,presenting the viewpoint that only to continue to emancipate the mind,can we promote the progress of the science and the harmony of society.


Our research focuses on collecting high quality EEG signals without conductive gel and wires. During the demonstration we will show that the subject can take a normal looking cap, and then a tablet displays the EEG signals.


Lipi I crystals, variously interpreted as cholesterol (5) or phospholi1)id (3), have previously l)eeil described in the brain cortex and in the retina. The crystals, birefringent and shaped like siiow-flakes, measured approximately 100 .i in length, and readily soluble in organi(' solvents (except R('etOn('), but were insoluble in 0.1 N NaOH or 0.1 N HC1. The larger crystals were weakly sudanophilic. In the retina the crystals were note(I to be present oniy in eyes which had been removed post-mortem and were not found in eyes enuck'ated during life and promptly fixed (3). The crystals apparently resulted from tissue changes that occurred after death and


The multivalent binding peptide, including bispecific binding peptide having an immunoglobulin effector function, using encoding nucleic acid, vectors and host cells and methods of making such peptides, and such peptides variety disease, treating or preventing a disorder or condition, provided with a method for improving at least one symptom associated such diseases, disorders or conditions. .FIELD 1


This final project report aims to find out how to improve Healthy Yummy business development strategy through Strength, Weakness, Opportunities, Threat (SWOT) Analysis. This project also uses PESTEL analysis to define external factors which impact Healthy Yummy Nutty. The result is used to determine the marketing strategies used in order to help expand the business. This project also discusses about operating, marketing, and financial plans. The results of the SWOT analysis are listed as a business development strategy for the Key Performance Indicator (KPI). This final project report uses descriptive methods. The business plan has been implemented for twenty four months (January 2019 December 2020) which discuss about the sales, income, and projection and Healthy Yummy Nutty's growth. The conclusion of this final project was the operating plan, marketing plan, financial plan and KPI has been made capable of increasing brand awareness.