Quantum dots (Qdots) have become ubiquitous in biomedical research due to their excellent brightness, photostability, monodispersity, and fluorescent yield. Furthermore, they have become increasingly useful as imaging agents which are valuable for answering molecular questions in living subjects. However, little is currently known about how nanoparticles such as Qdots interact at the microscale within the vasculature and tumor microenvironments in living subjects. In order to further our understanding of the dynamic processes involved in Qdot targeting in the intact tumor, we developed an in vivo binding assay to visualize and fully elucidate this approach using a variety of animal models and tumor types. We employed argine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) peptides to specifically target the αvβ3 integrins which are expressed on the surface of endothelial cells comprising newly formed or forming blood vessels; RGD peptides were conjugated to the Qdot surface. Exploiting intravital microscopy with subcellular-level resolution, we directly observed and recorded the binding of nanoparticle conjugates in two different murine models, using three different tumor cell lines. Using this generalizable approach, we learned that RGD-qdots unexpectedly bind to tumor blood vessels in all models tested only as aggregates rather than individually. Understanding these issues on the microscale using such techniques will provide a platform for the rational design of molecularly-targeted nanoparticles including Qdots. This is critical for nanoparticles to become a valuable research tool with the potential to become clinically valuable imaging and therapeutic agents, particularly for ensuring regulatory approval of such nanoparticles.


Most routing protocols are only designed to deal with simple network failures (e.g., links going up and down, nodes crashing and restarting etc.), and thus can have many vulnerabilities when facing a strategically placed intruder. The paper identifies these threats to routing protocols based on a unified routing framework, with focus on the information flow inside/ outside a router. Real world attacking examples are given to illustrate the argument. Further, we review a few common security techniques and their pros and cons. Finally, we explore the rationales behind securing routing protocols and conclude with our remarks and summary.


Prediction markets which trade on contracts representing unknown future outcomes are designed specifically to aggregate expert predictions via the market price. While there are some existing machine learning interpretations for the market price and connections to Bayesian updating under the equilibrium analysis of such markets, there is less of an understanding of what the instantaneous price in sequentially traded markets means. In this thesis I show that the prices generated in sequentially traded prediction markets are stochastic approximations to the price given by an equilibrium analysis. This is done by showing that the equilibrium price is a solution to a stochastic optimisation problem which is solved by stochastic mirror descent (SMD) by a class of sequential pricing mechanisms. This connection leads to proposing a scheme called "mini-trading" which introduces a parameter related to the learning rate in SMD. I prove several properties of this scheme and show that it can improve the stability of prices in sequentially traded prediction markets. Also I analyse two popular trading models (namely the Maximum Expected Utility model and the Risk-measure model) in respect to an assumption on the class of traders I required to interpret sequential markets as SMD. I derive a sufficient condition for when the Maximum Expected Utility traders satisfy this assumption, but show that risk-measure based traders naturally satisfy this assumption for the type of markets I consider. Then I show that the "regret" of mini-trading markets (with respect to equilibrium markets) depend on the mini-trade parameter. Finally I attempt to compare the wealth updates of traders in sequential markets to the wealth updates in equilibrium markets, since this would help to extend the interpretation of equilibrium markets as performing Bayesian updates to sequential markets. For this I present preliminary results.


The investigation was undertaken in sweet corn to carry out the combining ability analysis of yield and yield contributing characters. Eight divergent parents were selected and crossed in diallel fashion excluding reciprocals during kharif, 2010. The resulting 28 crosses along with parents and a standard check Sugar 75 and Madhuri were evaluated. The data were collected on plant height, ear height, ear length, ear girth, number of kernel rows per ear, number of kernels per row, green cob yield, 100 kernel (dry) weight and seed yield (wet) per plant. The combining ability analysis revealed importance of both additive and non-additive gene actions in governing the characters but non-additive gene action was found predominant. The parental lines 6100, 6100-2 and 6104 contributed maximum favourable genes for characters under study. Considering all the characters, the parental lines 6100, 6100-2 and 6122-1 can be considered as good general combiners. The hybrid combinations, 6104 x 6100, 6127 x 6100 and 6122-1 x 6100-2 performed well for seed yield (wet) per plant and yield contributing characters which may be used as single cross hybrids.


The objective of this research was to investigate the difficulties encountered by Javanese learners inpronouncing the English phonemes and identify factors affecting their pronunciation of the phonemesin the Department of English Language Teaching of Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto (UMP). The researcher used survey as the research method. The population in this research was 6th and 8th semester students who had already passed pronunciation and phonetics subject. While the samples are those who had Javanese background. The data was collected through pronunciation test in a form of audio recording and interview. The major findings of this research are 1) the researcher found that the Javanese learners of English encountered difficulties in pronouncing 13 consonant sounds /ʒ, v, θ, ð, z, ʃ, f, g, k, d, ʧ, ɳ, j/ and 17 vowel sounds /æ, ɛə, i:, eɪ, aʊ, ə:, ɔ:, u:, ɒ, ɪə, əʊ, ʊ,  ɑ:, ɪ, ʊə, ɔɪ, aɪ/. While the rest, 14 English sounds /p, b, t, s, h, ʤ, m, n, l, r, w, ʌ, ə, ɛ/ were clearly pronounced by the Javanese learners of English. 2) There are four factors influencing Javanese in learning English pronunciation, among others are; age, first language, exposure, and motivation.


Chinese Teaching must reflect the feature of Humanism,which is the indispensable in the subject.In order to effectively cultivate the students' humanity quality,the writer applies different teaching approaches to improve the in-classroom teaching and build up good relationship with the students.


Consider the following restricted (symmetric or asymmetric) traveling salesman problem: given an initial ordering of the n cities and an integer k > 0, nd a minimum cost tour such that if city i precedes city j by at least k positions in the initial ordering, then city i precedes city j in any optimal tour. Balas [5] has proposed a dynamic programming algorithm that solves this problem in time linear in n, though exponential in k. Some important real-world problems are amenable to this model or some of its close relatives. The algorithm of [5] constructs a layered network with a layer of nodes for each position in the tour, such that source-sink paths in this network are in 1-1 correspondence with tours that satisfy the postulated precedence constraints. In this paper we discuss an implementation of the dynamic programming algorithm for the general case when the integer k is replaced with city-speci c integers k(j), j = 1; : : : ; n. One important feature of our implementation is that we construct in advance, without knowledge of any particular problem instance, a typical layer of an auxiliary supernetwork that can be stored and subsequently used to solve any instance with maxj k(j) K for some large K associated with this auxiliary structure. This advance construction, which needs to be done only once, absorbs the bulk of the computing time. We discuss applications to, and computational experience with, TSP's with time windows, a model frequently used in vehicle routing as well as in scheduling with setup, release and delivery times. We also introduce a new model, the TSP with target times, applicable to Just-in-Time scheduling problems. For TSP's that do not satisfy the postulated precedence constraints, we use the algorithm as a heuristic that nds in linear time a local optimum over an exponential-size neighborhood. For this case, we implement an iterated version of our procedure, based on contracting some arcs of the tour produced by a rst application of the algorithm, then reapplying the algorithm to the shrunken graph with the same k. Finally, we include the speci cs for the dynamic programming model when applied to the Prize Collecting TSP, highlighting the di erences in the two models for implementation.


We prove that the tree-like Deligne-Mumford operad is a homotopical model for the trivialization of the circle in the higher-genus framed little discs operad. Our proof is based on a geometric argument involving nodal annuli. We use Riemann surfaces with analytically parametrized boundary as a model for higher-genus framed little discs.


Generally speaking, financial accounting textbooks are in harmony on the explanation of accounts payable and accrued liabilities/expenses. However, the same thing cannot be said for accounts payable turnover and days in accounts payable ratios. Different financial accounting textbooks and academic papers have different explanations for the accounts payable turnover ratio. The extant literature on the ratio is mainly comprised of two groups of authors. The first group relates the ratio to purchases and the second group relates the ratio to cost of goods sold (COGS). Purchases, in a purely theoretical sense, relate to periodic inventory method, whereas the perpetual inventory method relates purchases with inventory (being debit) and accounts payable (being credit). The second major group who explain the ratio by using the COGS figure ignore what is included in COGS. It should not include depreciation, amortisation, payroll and interest expenses to be meaningful for the purposes of the calculation of the ratio. In practice, manufacturing companies do not attempt to calculate these ratios due to the difficulty of obtaining the figures. These ratios can only be truly calculated from within the company if need be. Their accounting departments will be able to calculate the ratio correctly since they can reach the data. Any financial analyst not being able to reach a detailed breakdown of the expenses of the companies whose shares are being traded in stock exchanges will not able to calculate these ratios.


One kind of the popular Thai salad is named "Som-Tam" which has shredded unripe papaya as main ingredient. For self-cooking, the process for making the shreds is complicated. Ready-to-use form as shredded unripe papaya would be necessary for the consumer. However, this product will deteriorate quickly after processing when subjected to the normal air condition at ambient temperature. In this research, the postharvest controlled atmosphere technique was applied to study the effect on sensory attributes decay of shredded unripe papaya under normal air (control), 5% O 2 , 10% CO 2 and 5% O 2 +10% CO 2 conditions, respectively, during storage at 4°C. The sensory attributes (color, off-odor, water soaking, chilling symptom and crispness) of each sample was tested throughout storage time in 5-day intervals using a five-point scale (1-5 score). A kinetic model for fitting sensory attributes changes was applied. The water soaking and chilling symptom slightly changed in all treatments. The scores of color, off-odor and crispness decreased with time especially in control. The results showed that the limiting attribute factor was the internal quality (crispness of shreds). The combined low O 2 and high CO 2 condition showed the best treatment to retain the quality change of shredded unripe papaya.


Objective To investigate the effect of intensive nursing intervention on the secondary infection in chemotherapy of elderly patients with lung cancer.Methods 168 cases of elderly lung cancer patients whose neutrophil ≤ 1.0×109/L during chemotherapy were randomly divided into two groups,namely,the intensive care group and the control group,with 84 cases in each group.The control group was given routine nursing of infection prevention,while the intensive care group was given intensified nursing for infection prevention.A contrastive analysis was conducted in terms of the incidence,clinical characteristics and the duration of antibiotic treatment of the two groups of patients with secondary infection.Results The secondary infection rate of the intensive care group was lower than that of the control group during chemotherapy.What's more,the duration of fever and treatment of the intensive care group was shorter than that of the control group,hence the patients were safe during infection period.The difference was statistically significant.Conclusions Strengthening the nursing intervention can reduce the incidence rate of secondary infection in aged patients with lung cancer,increase the tolerance of patients to chemotherapy and ensure the successful completion of the chemotherapy cycle,prolong the life span of the patients with an improved quality of life.

Key words:
Aged patients with lung cancer; Chemotherapy; Infection; Nursing intervention


In this essay I shall give a brief account of prerevolution religion-state relations before examining two important and prominent actors exemplifying these trends: the first generally seen as a social actor, the Muslim Brotherhood; and the second generally seen as a state actor, al-Azhar.


Objective:To study the pharmacological effects of Jianwei oral liquid.Methods:Gastric ulcer model was prepared by water immersion,pylorus ligation,acetic acid damage and Reserpine injection.Results:The results showed that Jianwei oral liquid significantly inhibited ulcer formation induced by stress,pylorus ligation,acetic acid damage on mice and Reserpine injection on rats(P 0 05 ,P 0 01 );it also significantly reduced the secretion of gastric acid and pepsin(P 0 05 ).Conclusion: Jianwei oral liquid can prevent and treat peptic ulcer.


The objectives of learning geography have not been fully realized. One of the problems faced is that students feel learning is not exciting and boring. This study aims to analyze the effect of the Discovery Learning Model assisted by Tri Hita Karana's Learning Resources on Ecological Literacy and Student Geography Learning Outcomes. This type of research is experimental. The research used a quasi-experimental design with a Non-Equivalent Post-Test Only Control Group Design. The sample uses two classes from 4 classes that are assigned randomly after the equivalence test is carried out. The methods used to collect data are questionnaires and tests. Data collection instruments used test sheets and questionnaires. The data analysis techniques are descriptive qualitative analysis and quantitative and inferential statistics. The results showed an effect of the Discovery Learning Model assisted by Tri Hita Karana's Learning Resources on Ecological Literacy and Student Geography Learning Outcomes. It is evidenced by the significant difference in Ecological Literacy and Student Geography Learning Outcomes, partially or simultaneously, between classes that use and do not use the Tri Hita Karana Learning Resource Assisted Discovery Learning Model.


Stimuli-responsive polymers and their use in biomedical applications have been widely investigated in recent years. These polymers change their physical properties such as watersolubility, when subjected to certain stimuli, for example change in temperature or pH. The main purpose of this work is to study new diblock copolymers consisting of two random copolymers, i.e., diblock random copolymers. Polymers with well-defined structures and tunable properties have been made using reversible addition−fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization, one of the controlled radical polymerization techniques. The blocks are made of acrylamideand/or methacrylate-based monomers, which commonly show thermo-responsiveness and hence, double stimuli-responsive behavior is shown. First, a diblock random copolymer in the form of AnBm-b-ApBq was synthesized with N-n-propylacrylamide (nPA) and N-ethylacrylamide (EA) as A and B using RAFT polymerization. Kinetic study of the copolymerization process confirmed the controlled character of the copolymerization. The diblock random copolymers with the compositions of poly(nPAx-co-EA1-x)-block-poly(nPAy-co-EA1-y) and low polydispersity were obtained. With UV-visible spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering (DLS) we investigate their thermoresponsive characteristics in aqueous solutions. Individual blocks showed tunable cloud points, and the diblock copolymer exhibited a well-separated two-step phase transition upon heating. Macromolecules in nature can often respond to a combination of external stimuli, most commonly temperature and pH, rather than a single stimulus. Therefore, a second type of diblock random copolymer in the form of AnBm-b-ApCq was synthesized by combining a pHand temperature-responsive block with another, only temperature-responsive block, producing responsiveness to multiple stimuli. This polymer with the composition of poly(nPAx-co-DEAEMA1-x)-block-poly(nPAy-co-EA1-y) where DEAEMA stands for 2diethylaminoethyl methacrylate with well-defined structure and tunable properties has also been made using sequential RAFT polymerization. The resulting diblock random


Abstract The key steps in the reported stereocontrolled synthesis of bicyclic ketone 2 are Diels-Alder reaction of 5-methoxymethyl-1,2,3,4,5-pentachloro-1,3-pyclopentadiene, 3, and vinyl acetate and stereocontrolled reductive dechlorination of bicyclic THP ether 4c.


A major role after the completion of research area is drilling the graph sector and extortion of the invisible pattern from the graph is a difficult task and it should also provide shovel considerable patterns. It is a competing task and the glimpse of this paper focuses on uncovering useful patterns from the data of the graph with the help of novel algorithm which is named as " Recurrent Sub-Graph Drilling of the Invisible items RSDI algorithm". It provoke easy mechanism to conceal the devastation of prolong running time and memory portion. The graphs are probably transferred into textual transformation datum therefore except the invisible items others are taken into and this is passed into binary representations to explore the recurrent sub-graphs. The final outcome is practically valued by the process of the art prevailing algorithms to exemplify the acquisition of the proposed algorithm. Keyword: Graph mining – sub graph mining – data mining – binary representations drilling – uncovering INTRODUCTION The avant-garde in graph mining field is frequent sub-graph mining (FSM). The ultimate target of FSM, to identify the repeated sub-graphs in the provided graph datum where the event organized is exceeded beyond the limited esteem provided by the user to find out the sub graphs. The basic format of FSM is to module candidates (Sub-Graph candidates) with the depth or breadth as former techniques and by implying it at the helping area as stated by the user [4]. The Extension of the FSM is sighed as two important views that should be faced with efficiency Webology (ISSN: 1735-188X) Volume 18, Number 6, 2021 2 http://www.webology.org (I) Identifying the overall candidates repeatedly in the Sub-Graph beyond the redundancy. (II) Leave out the repeated check of the modules sub-graphs to avoid the time complexity. Therefore, the safety should be measured to avoid the generation of copy or superfluous candidates. Getting back to tally checking might require a redundant relationship of candidate Sub-Graphs in the details of the data and FSM which is taken as the expansion of Frequent Item set Mining (FIM) that advances with regards to ASM[4]. Various scientists mentioned results for addressing the problems recognized with FSM and final coda property concludes with item set which is matched up with candidate sub-graphs age. The glimpse of this paper accompanies various best FSM related algorithms utilized by numerous strategies in accordance with time complexity, memory complexity and some space related problems too. The recurrent sub-graph mining can be categorized into two fundamental categories, namely 1. Mining with graph collections and finding out the recurrent sub-graphs. 2. Mining with one large graph and to find out the sub-graphs. Considering a graph datum set Gd = { G1, G2, G3,.... GN} I e..,. G1, G2, G3 where the collection of different graphs jotted in the datum set, the lessened support count threshold σ (0 <σ≤ 1). Therefore the support of M, Min Sup (M) = | δ(M) | / N In which | δ(M) |, cardinality of δ(M) and N, overall amount of graph that presents the graph dataset. Thus, M is recurrent, if Sup(M) ≥σ. The idea is simpler when the superset is recurrent, therefore all the subsets are also recurrent. PROPOSED TASK: The proposed algorithmic task, a unique large datum and the model datum is shown in the figure 1. Formerly the graph traversed from up to down and the vertices, nodes and edges are identified to transform the graphical datum into textual transformation data. The transformed transaction data is exclaimed with the invisible item alone in each and every row. The invisible datum indicates that converted binary presentation and therefore te specified candidates are joined using easy binary operation and the user as well provided with low support count threshold value. Figure 1: Single graph dataset Webology (ISSN: 1735-188X) Volume 18, Number 6, 2021 3 http://www.webology.org Figure 2: Finding the edges Therefore, the numbers of edges are 4 as shown in the figure 2. Simultaneously for each and every node the edges are identified. PROCEDURE Convert Graph To Text( Graph G) Input: Single Graph data G Output: Textual Labels with number of edges present in them 1. Load the single Graph dataset 2. Initially Scan the graph dataset to find the number of levels 3. Detect the vertexes present in the graph 4. Initialize edge =1 // to find the number of edges 5. ∀ Vertex V in Graph G Discover the edges connected with the v Webology (ISSN: 1735-188X) Volume 18, Number 6, 2021 4 http://www.webology.org Fetch the labels of the node Increment edge = edge + 1 Store the labels and edge RES 6. End For 7. Return RES Figure 3: Pseudo code to convert graph to text The graph which is transformed into the textual data is figured out in the table 1 and therefore the table that has specific items are identified and once after they are customized the lessened support counts the invisible item represented which is processed below in the following section. Table 1: Converted graph to text No de item s Edg es Nod e Items edges N1 E, F, G, H, I 4 N11 D, B 1 N2 F, E, A 2 N12 H, E, C 2 N3 A, F, B, C, D 4 N13 C, H, A, B, D 4 N4 B, A 1 N14 A, C 1 N5 C, A 1 N15 B, C 1 N6 D, A 1 N16 D, C 1 N7 G, C, B 2 N17 I, E, D 2 N8 B, G, A, C, D 4 N18 D, I, A, B, C 4 N9 A, B 1 N19 A, D 1 N1 0 C, B 1 N20 B, D 1 The ultimate method to figure out the specific item is shown in the below figure 4 and then the pseudo code has been showed , Figure 4: Pseudo code to find the distinct items Webology (ISSN: 1735-188X) Volume 18, Number 6, 2021 5 http://www.webology.org The support count is provided by the user is 4 and the distinct items are found to be {A, B , C, D, E, F, G, H, I, } where the item count of F, G, H, I are found to be 3 and as it is lower than the user defined support, those items are pruned. The pruned transactional data representation is shown in the following table 2 and from this table the missing items are discovered. Table 2: Pruned transactional data Node items Node Items N1 E N11 D, B N2 E, A N12 E, C N3 A, B, C, D N13 C, A, B, D N4 B, A N14 A, C N5 C, A N15 B, C N6 D, A N16 D, C N7 C, B N17 E, D N8 B, A, C, D N18 D, A, B, C N9 A, B N19 A, D N10 C, B N20 B, D Thus, the items are invisible in each node are identified and represented as shown in the following table 3. Table 3: Missing item transactional data NOD E ITEMS NOD E ITEMS N1 A,B,C, D N11 A,C,E N2 B,C,D N12 A,B,D N3 E N13 E N4 C,D,E N14 B,D,E N5 B,D,E N15 A,D,E N6 B,C,E N16 A,B,E N7 A,D,E N17 A,B,C N8 E N18 E N9 C,D,E N19 B,C,E N10 A,D,E N20 A, C,E The table 3 is represented and when the item is presented in the node then it will be marked as one and elsewhere marked as zero. Therefore, the pseudo code to perform this task is proven in the figure 5. Webology (ISSN: 1735-188X) Volume 18, Number 6, 2021 6 http://www.webology.org PROCEDURE Binary Value(Missing Item M) Input: Missing Item M Output: Bit vector representation of data 1. Load missing item Data set M and scan it. 2. ∀ Row Ro∈M begin 3. ∀ Item It ∈Ro begin 4. If [ It present in Ro] begin 5. Mark as "1" in out 6. Else 7. Mark as "0" in out 8. Close IF 9. Close For 10. Close For 11. Return out Figure 5: Pseudo code to represent the missing item dataset in binary format The recurrent graphs are identified as computing the probable candidate and thus it start from the 2 item set value A and B. A = 10000010011100111001 B = 11001100000101011010 |OR AB =11 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 Then , count the number of zeroes and from the result {AB}=11001110011101111011, that the number of zero is 6 and the user defined support provided is 4. The count of AB is greater than the lessened support and therefore the graph is identified to be frequent. Then, the later level 3-itemset is found using this {AB} | {C} AB = 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 C = 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 | OR ABC = 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 The number of zeroes is identified to be 3 and it is smaller in amount than the minimum support count and henceforth it is irrecurrent and the later level 4-itemset gets ignored. The final recurrent sub-graph is shown in the following table 5. Table 5: Final result Webology (ISSN: 1735-188X) Volume 18, Number 6, 2021 7 http://www.webology.org PROPOSED ALGORITHM


The curricula of most Computer Science departments include at least one course on
computer organization and assembly language. The seminal concepts covered by such courses bridge the gap between hardware and software by introducing multiple layers of abstraction. Appalachian State University introduces this material in the course "Introduction to Computer Systems." The course uses the hypothetical LC-3 processor, as presented in Patt and Patel's textbook "Introduction to Computing Systems: From Bits & Gates to C & Beyond (2nd edition)." Prior to the completion of the work presented in this thesis, tools existed for the assembly of LC-3 programs and simulation of the assembled code; however, no simulator existed to demonstrate the function of the microarchitectural level.
In this thesis, research on educational simulators is presented, with an emphasis on microarchitectural and graphical style simulators. Multiple simulators were reviewed to determine which elements are pedagogically e?ective. Based on these ?ndings, a graphical microarchitecture simulator named lc3uarch was implemented. The simulator targets the microarchitectural level of the LC-3 processor. Student surveys responses indicated that the use of lc3uarch can help students comprehend the logic components of the LC-3 microarchitecture and provided ideas for making the tool more e?ective.


Cyclization of phosphorylmethyleneoxindoles (III) with nosyloxy carbamate (IV) provides access towards new spirocyclic aziridinephosphonates (V) as single trans-diastereomers, while the epoxidation with hydrogen peroxide proceeds with moderate trans-selectivity [cf.


FIELD: electronic engineering. SUBSTANCE: upon formation of set of layers incorporating at least one active layer on front end of base semiconductor substrate the latter is at least partially removed and then set of layers is connected to external substrate. Base substrate is removed by liquid chemical etching in etcher selective for base substrate material whereupon first metal contact layer is deposited onto underside of set of layers facing front end of now removed base substrate and second metal layer, on front end of external substrate. Then underside of set of layers is connected to front end of external layer under effect of heat through eutectic joint. Proposed method provides for improved electric contact between set of epitaxial layers and external substrate at heavy currents. EFFECT: enhanced yield of light-emitting diode structures. 9 cl, 3 dwg


Media featuring both optical gain and disorder, such as random lasers, represent formidable challenges as subjects of research due to the high complexity of the light propagation within them; however, dramatic advances in this nascent field have been furnished by the paradigm of applying wavefront shaping techniques to the beam pumping the system. We present here a theoretical and experimental study employing this approach in a gain medium where the disorder arises not from random scattering but rather from the multimodality of a waveguide: an amplifying multimode fiber. The shaping of the core-guided pump prior to its injection affects the complex, speckle-like patterns of excitation within the fiber volume. Thus we are offered the intriguing prospect of manipulating the spatially heterogeneous gain in a system where the disorder, albeit highly complex, may be fully understood in terms of the discrete eigenmodes of a well-known waveguide. We study our medium in two different configurations: as an optical amplifier, and as a fiber laser. In the first configuration we show that dependence upon the pump configuration, of the amplifier transmission function, surprisingly survives several physical mechanisms which at first sight would appear to severely limit it. This insight is then carried on to the lasing cavity configuration, where we find striking parallels between the behavior of the system and that of random lasers; more importantly, the pump shaping shows a strong ability to control the complex emission, in particular - to selectively favor individual spectral lines and stabilize single-mode operation.


The importance of fighting money laundering has for some time been recognised by British governments, and the imminent introduction of new legislation which aims inter alia to reduce the level of financial crime provides an opportunity to increase the effectiveness of the anti‐money‐laundering culture in the UK. The inclusion of the reduction of financial crime as one of the four regulatory objectives in the new legislation is a very welcome development.


Confederate Reckoning: Power and Politics in the Civil War South. By Stephanie McCurry. (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2010. Pp. 449. Notes, acknowledgments, index. $35.00.) In Confederate Reckoning Stephanie McCurry, professor of history at the University of Pennsylvania, moves onto the ground of Civil War social history that has been much mined since the 1 950s. She focuses in particular on the political implications of the Confederate experience for women and African Americans. She argues that wartime conditions empowered both women and slaves politically, making them participants in the struggle for power and ultimately forcing the government to recognize them, to some degree, as actors in the political sphere. The author points out the irony of this recognition, the government's response bringing into the political equation the very people - white women and slaves - whose political dispossession secessionist leaders had hoped to make permanent. McCurry's analysis begins with the assumption that secession was carried out by a southern slaveholding elite convinced that the vision of "the people" created by the founders had been betrayed. Secessionists intended to restore that vision, hoping to recreate a perfect government, in McCurry's words, "a republic of white men, defined by slavery and the political exclusion of the mass of Southern people" (p. 2). The excluded mass included the four million black slaves and four million white women present in the region and, to some extent, the nonslaveholding white men considered to be invested but not fully empowered citizens. McCurry believes that this excluded mass presented challenges to the creation of the South's ideal republic from the very beginning, as war created revolutionary pressures on political society that few of the men who pushed the region into secession appear to have anticipated. White women exhibited a new political assertiveness, first forcing Union authorities to recognize their political character in occupied territories, then within the Confederacy creating a "politics of subsistence" (p. 4) with demands that authorities honor their commitment to them as soldiers' wives and protect and support them. Slaves also moved onto the scene as political actors, not only carrying out a war against the slaveholders but also coming to be seen by white leaders as a strategic source of manpower that forced the Confederacy to seek their labor, their political loyalty, and ultimately the military service of slave men. The slaves, like white women, thus forced the very human and political recognition that the paternalistic proslavery Confederate republic sought to prevent. McCurry maintains that even before the Confederacy suffered military defeat, the masses within the Confederacy had defeated the vision of its founders. The powerless had, in McCurry's words, "changed the world" (p. 10). McCurry brings to her argument extensive research in contemporary letters, diaries, government correspondence, official records, and newspapers. The evidence developed clearly shows that white women and slaves did respond to the war by placing unprecedented pressure on the existing political system and the culture that defined it. Her chapters detail the widespread use by soldiers' wives of petitions to public figures demanding protection and relief, the rioting of white women for food and other necessities that broke out in 1863 and 1864, the variety of techniques employed by slaves to undermine the Confederate war effort and hasten their freedom, and the official efforts to respond to these challenges to the status quo. …


Ship manoeuvring motion in waves is usually accompanied by nonlinear roll motion of large amplitude. In this paper, by taking account of the influence of the roll motion, a 4 degrees of freedom mathematical model of ship manoeuvring motion is derived. A method based on least squares support vector machines (LS-SVM) is proposed for identifying the hydrodynamic derivatives in the mathematical model by analyzing the data of surge speed, sway speed, yaw rate, roll rate, roll angle and rudder angle. To verify the identification method, 10°/10° zigzag tests are simulated for a container ship by using the hydrodynamic derivatives obtained from the roll planar motion mechanism (RPMM) test; the simulation data are used to identify the hydrodynamic derivatives, and the identification results are compared with those of RPMM test. The 10°/10° zigzag manoeuvring motion is predicted with the identified hydrodynamic derivatives. Besides, the identified model is used to predict the 20°/20° zigzag and 35° turning circle manoeuvres, and the predicted results are compared with those of simulation tests to demonstrate the generalization performance of the identified mathematical model.Copyright © 2013 by ASME


Harry Sinclair Lewis (b. 1885–d. 1951) was an astute critic of American society and the first American to win the Nobel Prize for Literature. Born in the prairie town of Sauk Centre, Minnesota, Lewis was eager to experience life beyond his hometown. He graduated from Yale University and punctuated his education by trips to England and Panama, as well as work as a janitor at Upton Sinclair's artistic colony Helicon Hall. Following graduation, he was a newspaperman, a creator of plots for Jack London, and a translator of poetry from the French and German; he also worked for the publishing firms of Frederick Stokes and George H. Doran. Lewis's first novel, the boy's adventure tale, Hike and the Aeroplane (1912), was written under a pseudonym. During his lifetime, he wrote over 100 short stories and twenty-three Novels. His first adult novel was the romantic adventure Our Mr. Wrenn (1914). Other novels in this decade included The Trail of the Hawk (1915), about a young pilot; The Job (1917), notable for its portrayal of a successful young businesswoman; and Free Air (1919), an early road novel. Lewis's life changed forever with the publication of his hugely popular Main Street (1920), a novel that critiqued small-town life. Lewis wrote four other best-selling novels in the 1920s. Babbitt (1922) examined the culture of business, and Arrowsmith (1925) delved into the world of medicine, a tribute to his father and brother, who were both doctors. Lewis was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Arrowsmith, but famously declined it, saying that he didn't believe in literary competition. Elmer Gantry (1927) took on corruption in evangelical religion, while Dodsworth (1929) sent a retired businessman to Europe to reevaluate his life. Lewis's winning of the Nobel Prize in 1930 was controversial in America, where many felt he was too critical of the United States. However, Lewis's critiques of American society continued in the second half of his career with such novels as Ann Vickers (1933), which examined women's suffrage and penal reform, and Cass Timberlane (1945), a meditation on the state of marriage. His two most controversial novels post-1930 were It Can't Happen Here (1935), about a fascist who is elected president, and Kingsblood Royal (1947), about a veteran who discovers that he has a black ancestor, and becomes ostracized from his middle-class life. Biographer Richard Lingeman said of Lewis, "He wrote with a real moral passion. He really cared."


A uniformly illuminated square subarray of 16 circularly polarized patch elements is developed. It can be incorporated into a full-size direct broadcast satellite (DBS) receiver antenna. A stacked circular patch microstrip configuration is used to achieve increased bandwidth. Experimental results for the return loss, bandwidth, radiation pattern, and gain are presented. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 15, 68–72, 1997.


sktime is an open source, Python based, sklearn compatible toolkit for time series analysis developed by researchers at the University of East Anglia (UEA), University College London and the Alan Turing Institute. A key initial goal for sktime was to provide time series classification functionality equivalent to that available in a related java package, tsml, also developed at UEA. We describe the implementation of six such classifiers in sktime and compare them to their tsml equivalents. We demonstrate correctness through equivalence of accuracy on a range of standard test problems and compare the build time of the different implementations. We find that there is significant difference in accuracy on only one of the six algorithms we look at (Proximity Forest). This difference is causing us some pain in debugging. We found a much wider range of difference in efficiency. Again, this was not unexpected, but it does highlight ways both toolkits could be improved.


Value orientations and the personal meaning of the profession are of fundamental importance in the shaping of the individual style of pedagogical activity, determining whether it is of a humane and democratic or an authoritarian character.


The characteristics of marine mussel adhesive proteins,such as strong intensity, tenacity,moisture-resistance and strong adhesive ability,are due to their peculiarity of molecular structure, cross-linking of bonds and the interaction between proteins and substratum mediated by DOPA. Furthermore, they are biocompatible and biodegradable. Therefore, marine mussel adhesive proteins may be a preponderant and potential bio-adhesive. This review mainly focused on structure and function of adhesive protein molecule, adhesive mechanism of adhesive protein, and the potential of adhesive protein to be bio-adhesive.


This Final Assignment (TA) research was conducted at PT BumiJasaUtama Surabaya Branch as one company that applied the credit purchasing system to fulfill its business needs. The objectives to be achieved in this study are as follows: Knowing the application of debt repayment system at PT BumiJasaUtama Surabaya Branch and Knowing the solution used PT BumiJasaUtama Surabaya Branch against the double pay on the debt repayment made. The research method used is qualitative approach with descriptive research type. Data collection techniques used include observation, documentation, and interviews. Based on the research, there are several things such as debt repayment system PT BumiJasaUtama Surabaya Branch is based on the debt recording system and debt repayment system using Build-Up Voucher Procedures method. while the effort made on double-pay problems is done by the manual procedure is the oral confirmation between Accounting payable with vendors of the results of the confirmation is used as the basis for payment returns for maintenance costs in the upcoming period.
Keywords: Build-Up Voucher Procedures (Double-Pay)


The lubrication system of piston compressors made in American ARIEL Corporation consists of the lubrication system in the crankcase and the compulsion lubrication system.The compulsion lubrication system is used to lubricate the cylinder and the piston rod filling.The liquid flowing display of type PF1 monitors the oil in the compulsion lubrication system cycling period or whether it works.The article analyzes the principle,the function,the use and the field application of the electromagnetic liquid flowing display.


The aims of this research are to assess water quality by organic and nutrient matters and identifying the environmental pressures, examine the impact of the loads to Nhu Y River, Thua Thien-Hue Province. Five stations were sampled at Nhu Y River, the research had monitoring of water quality parameters such as Temperature (Temp), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD5), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Nitrate (NO3) and Phosphate (PO4 ). The research used multivariate statistical techniques such as correlation analysis, principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) to assess water quality. The correlation analysis shown a strong positive correlation exists between water quality parameters such as TempDO and BOD5COD (p<0.01). The PCA technique was applied to water quality data sets, which was obtained from Nhu Y River and the results show that the indices which has changed water quality. The results of the PCA using a varimax rotation technique were illustrated with two principal components (PC) and accounts for 62.207% of the overall total variance. The first PC accounted for 40.873% of the total variance, which was loaded with Temp, DO, BOD5 and COD. The second PC consists of NO3 and PO4 which accounts for 21.334% of the total variance, it can be due to the discharge of agricultural activities. Similarly, the CA has identified two major clusters involving: BOD5, COD, Temp, DO (the first cluster) and NO3, PO4 (the second cluster).


In order to solve the problem of hardship and complexity in manual vehicle gateway tests, an Automatic CAN Gateway Test System was developed. The test system integrated IPC, CAN tools and network control module. It supports 2-4 channels gateways, and it also supports complex gateways with signal routing, network status management and other complicated functions. When the test is executed, the text system can simulate all the nodes which are required for DUT in normal communication to construct realistic bus environment. It can also construct relevant message status, signal status and network status to execute tests. The system, which is highly automatic, improves the accuracy and efficiency of CAN gateway test.


The purpose of this study is to investigate the level of scientific literacy of primary school teachers who work for the Ministry of National Education schools and reveal the teachers' attitudes towards science and science teaching. In order to find out the scientific literacy levels of primary school teachers, the Scientific Literacy Test developed by Bacanak (2002) was used. Besides, Science and Science Teaching Attitude Scale developed by Moore and Foy (1997) and translated from English to Turkish by Turkmen (2002) was applied to search pre-service science teachers school teachers' attitudes toward science and science teaching. Based on the scientific literacy, the level of scientific literacy primary school teachers is under below. A significant difference has been found between scientific literacy levels of teachers and the number of Science Teaching Method Courses taken by the teachers. General attitudes of teachers toward science and science teaching have been found positive. In general, it has been determined that teachers understand the nature of science but they cannot differentiate science and technology. While it is regarded as science teaching, a student-centered education is necessary, a teacher centered education is supported as well. Finally, the relationship between teachers' developed attitudes of scientific literacy level and science and science teaching has been researched and has not been seen a meaningful relation.


Recombinant bovine somatotropin and a recently engineered analog of bovine somatotropin were compared for their growth-promoting ability in underyearling coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). Treated fish were given five biweekly intraperitoneal injections of one of the hormone preparations at either 0.2 or 2.0 μg/g body weight. Both substances significantly enhanced growth, and by the end of the treatment period the fish injected with the high dose of the analog were significantly larger than all other groups, being 43.5% heavier than the sham-treated (saline injected) fish. Fish treated with the high dose of the native form of somatotropin were 25.3% heavier than the sham-treated group, but were not significantly different in size from fish treated with the low dose of analog. A four-point bioassay indicated that the analog had approximately nine times the growth-promoting potency of the native form of bovine somatotropin in coho salmon. Food conversion efficiency was improved by somatotropin therapy, but...


The uncertainty of X-ray structure factors is discussed. Formulae are given for the estimation of variances and covariances in experimental electronic charge and deformation densities, and in related quantities, e.g. atomic charges.


This study sought to determine the effects of supply chain management practices on customer satisfaction and retention in major retails food companies located in Southern Region of Saudi Arabia. Data collection was done by survey using questionnaire. The number of samples is 208 employees, with the method of convenient sampling. The method of analysis in this study is the multiple linear regression analysis, with SSPS testing reliability and normality, correlation, hypothesis testing, simultaneous effect and the coefficient of determination. The results find a statistically significant and positive relationship between strategic supplier partnership (SSP), customer relationship (CR), Level of information sharing (LIS), level of information quality (LIQ) postponement practice (PP) and customer satisfaction (CS). However, the relationship between Customer Relationship (CR) and customer satisfaction (CS) is considered statistically non-significant and negative. Furthermore, customer satisfaction (CS) is a good predictors of customer retention (CRe). This finding can be used implementatively for management to improve the elements supporting the strengthening of supply chain management practices and increasing customer satisfaction and retention in the retail food companies. Nonetheless, the findings of the study help companies to improve the quality of their services, products, and treat customers as their first priority in order to be retained them. Therefore, theses guide customers to recommend the firms to others. The results identify the influence of supply chain management practices on the customer satisfaction and retention according to the food retail sector in Saudi Arabia.


Few qualities are more closely bound up with the idea of the film star than glamour. The fame, beauty, sexuality, wealth and exciting and privileged existence of the star are attributes that the public has always found fascinating and attractive. The polished and fashioned appearance and special association with moving and still images makes of the star an unusually enticing figure. Yet glamour is not a quality that can be taken for granted. Even though it seems to sum up the very definition of the star, it is an extraordinarily elusive and imprecise term. A new body of work has recently begun to generate around the discourse of defining and understanding the origins and meanings of glamour, with particular attention being paid to the links between glamour and spectacle, image and artifice, film costume and fashion, and to female stars both on and off-screen. This is, however, still an exciting and relatively new area of research for those working within the fields of film and fashion studies and much still needs to be explored in assessing the specifically national determinants of glamour. Buckley and Gundle's pioneering work in attempting to define, theorise and trace the historical origins of glamour as well as the first monograph to be dedicated to the theme of glamour—by Gundle and Castelli—provide a basis for studies into this field. In addition, Gundle's article 'Hollywood glamour and mass consumption in postwar Italy' commences a further analysis into assessing the national context of glamour, in this case, with specific references to Italy. This article aims to further the assessment of glamour in Italy in the post-war period—as well as to contest some of Gundle's claims—by examining in detail the specific appeal of the female stars who emerged in Italian post-war cinema.


McADAM, TERRY. Very much alive;·the story 0/ a para. plegic. 1955. 146 p. Houghton MiRlin Co., Boston, Mass. 13.00. Paralyzed at 26 from a broken back, Terry McAdams started on a new life in a world narrowed by physical limitations and spiritual loneliness. This is the story of life on Paraplegic Ward 5 in a Veterans Administration hospital, his reactions to suffering and the stories of some of his ward mates. With the help of his wife and family, he returned to work at the Washburn University as Alumni Secretary and has found that life has many compensations even for the paraplegic. '


Hallux rigidus is a painful osteoarthritic condition of the first metatarsophalangeal joint. It is the most prevalent arthritic condition of the foot, affecting up to 1 in 40 adults over 50 years of age. Mild cases of hallux rigidus are frequently treated with cheilectomy, whereas severe cases are often treated with arthrodesis. Interposition arthroplasty is a joint-sparing alternative to fusion that has been used effectively in moderate to severe cases of hallux rigidus. This paper discusses a novel modification of interpositional arthroplasty technique using amniotic membrane graft and regenerative tissue matrix to successfully treat patients who have failed cheilectomy. Levels of Evidence: Diagnostic Level 4. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.


The method for removing nitrogen oxides in the effluent gas from manufacturing nitric acid by using acidic urea solution as an absorbent to absorb the nitrogen oxides is introduced. The best technological conditions have been determined by orthogonal test and the results of orthogonal test have been examined by polar deviation analysis and variance analysis. This method has the characteristics of highly removing rate, nopollution again and low cost.


China's digital economy, ranking second worldwide for many years, has become a major growth engine for the economy and promotes high-quality economic development. The increase of the digital economy size is driven by the industrial digitization and benefits from the construction of digital infrastructure. China leads the world in 5G, supercomputing, and navigation satellite system while also has the fastest-growing market of cloud computing service in the world. In the future, China should focus more on application of digital technology in production process instead of consumption process, narrowing the digital gap in different regions, and attaching importance to both the construction of hardware infrastructure and the development of underlying infrastructure technologies.


Migrants play a prominent role in the Kerala's economic development and many of them have found greener pastures abroad. Their remittance to Kerala is one of the major components of state Gross Domestic Product. Due to various economic changes many of the migrants are returning to their home country. This will have a negative impact on Kerala's economy like unemployment, family financial issues, decrease in migrant remittance etc. So, the government should take care of the migrants and the return migrants. For the welfare of migrants and returnees the government of Kerala established Non-Resident Keralites Affairs Department. The aim of the study is to analyse various schemes initiated by government through Non-Resident Keralites Affairs Department for the migrants and return migrants in Kerala.


In vivo deletion of a 3,200 base pair palindrome constructed in a lambda phage gave rise to phage carrying smaller palindromes of 500-700 base pairs (Leach and Stahl, 1983). In this work one of these smaller palindromes is characterised by sequencing and a mechanism proposed for the deletion event that led to its formation. This mechanism accounts for features of the sequence surrounding the endpoints of this deletion and palindrome deletions described by otherauthors. A phage carrying this palindrome can plate on recBC sbcB sbcC cells but not on rec k and recA cells. This phage was used to study events in vivo in hosts where the phage is viable and inviable. The presence of the palindrome was shown to cause a decrease in the levels of actively replicating phage supercoils compared to the supercoils of a control palindrome free phage in cells where it was inviable. The decrease was shown not to be due to destruction of the phage DNA, but instead to slow replication of the palindrome containing DNA. This result distinguishes between the two major hypotheses proposed to account for palindrome mediated inviability. iii


In Na Hang Nature Reserve there was identified 647 medicinal plant species belonging to 137 families, 4 vascular divisions: Lycopodiophyta with 3 species, 2 families; Polypodiophyta with20 species, 12 families; Pinophyta with 6 species, 4 families; Magnoliophyta with 618 species, 119 families. Concerning the diversity index: the family index: 4.72; the genus index: 1.49; the genus index/the family index: 3.16. In Na Hang Nature Rserve 10 families more species occupying 7.30% of the total families of medicinal plants with the total of species occupying 31.68% and 28.64% of the total of genus. The family more diverse is Asteraceae with 32 species, occupying 4.95% of the total of medicinal plants identified; following is Rubiaceae with 28 species (4.33%), Euphorbiaceae with 26 species (4.02%); Moraceae with 23 species (3.55%); Cucurbitaceae, Verbenaceae with the same number of species 18 (2.78%); Araceae with 17 species (2.63%); Zingiberaceae with 16 species (2.47%); Urticaceae with 15 species (2.32%); and the last are families Poaceae of species 12 (1.85%) in the total of species. 10 genera more diverse with 59 species (9.12% of the total of medicinal plants), Ficus (Moraceae) is more diverse with 15 species (2.32% of the total of medicinal plants) and another genera with from 4 to 7 species. In Nature Reserve of Na Hang we have confirmed the distribution of 30 precious and rare and endangered species priorto the conservation: 23 species in Vietnam Red Data Book (2007): VU - 16 species, EN - 07 species; 17 species in Red List of medicinal plant of Vietnam (2006):VU - 10 species, EN - 6 species and CR – 01 species; 07 species in IUCN Red List (2014): LR - 06 species and VU – 01 species.


Food security is a major global issue with over a billion people believed to lack sufficient dietary energy access while others suffer from micronutrient deficiencies. Estimating food insecurity prevalence and patterns is tenuous since there exist no known direct methodology. This paper explores the factors that influence consumer food preferences hence exposing them to food insecurity. It draws on primary oral field data, livelihood surveys and documented socioeconomic activities that combine to create a range of different household livelihood outcomes. Over 400 respondents in six localities of Buea district, Cameroon were interviewed and cultural background, seasonal changes (variation), gender and purchasing power were strong factors driving consumer food preferences hence exposing them to food insecurity.


This paper investigated the genetic characterization of 48 measles viruses(MV) isolated from the throat swabs or urine specimens of measles patients in 6 provinces of China in 2005.It provided scientific evidences for controlling and preventing MV effectively.The 676 nucleotide sequence of the C terminus of nucleoprotein(N) gene of these isolates were amplified by RT-PCR,and the amplicons were directly sequenced.The phylogenetic analysis based on the 456 C terminal nucleotide sequence of N gene showed that all of the isolates belonged to H1 genotype,among which 2 isolates from Hebei Province,Hebei05-16 and Hebei05-17,were the H1b subgenotype,and the other isolates were H1a subgenotype.The sequence identity matrix of 48 isolates showed that the homology of nucleotide sequence was 95.1%~100%(0-22 nucleotide variation)and that of amino acid sequence was 92.7%~100%.The homology of nucleotide and amino acid sequences were 88.7%~92.5% and 88.0%~91.2% respectively,when compared with that of the S191.The wild-type MV strains of Shaanxi051,Yunnan05-1,Anhui05-2 and Ningxia05-9 had the same 456 C terminal sequence,which was also the same in Hebei05-19,Anhui00-2,Liaoning02-2,Hebei05-1 and Chongqing04-3 isolated from different years and provinces.Comparing with the measles virus circulating in 1995~2004,H1 genotype was the predominant virus in six provinces of China in 2005.The same wild-type MV strain could induce outbreaks in different provinces,and one wild-type measles virus had been transmitting in different provinces for several years.Therefore,it is important and necessary for us to study deeply about the possible genetic variations in viral virulence and the viral neutralizing antigenic sites following continuous virus transmission in epidemiological point of view.


Bellcore, a research and development company owned by the seven regional telephone companies, aims to deliver research, engineering services, technical support, and software systems (R&D) that have maximum utility to its owners. They have different but overlapping R&D needs and different R&D budgets. We developed a 0-1 nonlinear integer programming algorithm that enables them to share costs optimally for different projects, get only the R&D that they need, and stay within their budgets. In 1991, each owner received on average 23 additional existing Bellcore projects at no additional cost. Over all owners, these projects were originally priced at $52.6 million. The algorithm is now part of the Bellcore budget process.


Energy saving in the Internet has become important since the massive new applications are increasing tremendously, along with their energy consumption. In this paper we propose an energy efficient algorithm based on multi-topology routing. Since traffic flow dynamically changed in actual IP network scenarios, the proposed algorithm has to adapt the network energy consumption to daily traffic scenarios. The proposed algorithm is a three-phases algorithm: first, one day is divided into multiple time periods according to the daily traffic flow; second, in each time period, a corresponding energy efficient sub-topology is obtained by utilizing neighboring region search to configure link weights and switch off low loaded links; last, to improve network performance (such as packet loss rate) during energy efficient sub-topology changes in different time periods, an IP fast rerouting strategy is proposed. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has a better performance in energy efficiency than current energy efficient algorithm, and improve the network performance during time period changes.


The combination of traumatic aortic rupture and spine fracture is rare. We describe the treatment of both injuries in a one-stage procedure with good results in a 47-year-old woman.


Purpose: To review the prognostic factors of musculoskeletal disorders while adopting a multidimensional perspective and including studies on various pertinent outcomes to the adjustment process. We also aimed to highlight the overall and phase-specific evidence. Methods: We searched the Psychinfo and Ovid Medline(R) databases as well as pertinent periodicals and reviews and retained prospective studies of subjects suffering from specific or non-specific musculoskeletal pain that adopted multivariate statistical analysis. Results: We selected 105 studies, of which 68 included biopsychosocial and sociodemographic variables. For those studies using a biopsychosocial framework, we determined the level of evidence for every prognostic factor with each outcome. Strong evidence was found for recovery expectations and disability management with work participation outcomes. With disability outcomes, strong evidence was also found for recovery expectations, coping and somatization. Comorbidity and duration of episode strongly predicted pain outcomes. Some differences coinciding with phases of chronicity were also identified. Conclusions: Although uncertainty remains about the role of many prognostic factors, we found strong evidence to support the predictive value of clinically significant variables. There is, however, a need for additional research and replication, adopting more homogenous models and measurement methods. Implications for Rehabilitation Despite numerous studies, it remains difficult to identify a clear set of prognostic factors in musculoskeletal disorders. Outcomes in musculoskeletal disorders are determined by biopsychosocial prognostic variables although psychosocial factors appear predominant, as early as in the acute phase. There appears to be negligible differences between prognostic factors in acute, subacute and chronic phases and a biopsychosocial approach should be considered from the acute phase in rehabilitation practice. Outcomes in rehabilitation practice should also be evaluated from a biopsychosocial perspective.


Amides have great importance in the field of synthetic organic chemistry because of their presence in many biologically active molecules. Condensation of different carboxylic acids with different amines is one of the most convenient method for amide synthesis. Different substituted amides (1-10) were synthesized by reacting different substituted acids with different substituted amines in the presence of catalytic amount of triethylamine in dichloromethane/ethanol. Synthesis of amides has been done using both conventional as well as microwave method. The yield of amides synthesized by microwave method was more as compared to conventional method and also took lesser time for the completion of reaction. The increase in yield of synthesized products fluctuated between 8–36%. Purity of the synthesized compounds was checked by thin layer chromatography technique. Physical data (yield, melting point, state and color) of the synthesized products was determined.


This paper attempts a comparative study of some numerical methods for the optimal control design of turbine blades whose vibration characteristics are approximated by Timoshenko beam idealizations with shear and incorporating simple boundary conditions. The blade was synthesized using the following methods: (1) conjugate gradient minimization of the system Hamiltonian in function space incorporating penalty function transformations, (2) projection operator methods in a function space which includes the frequencies of vibration and the control function, (3) epsilon-technique penalty function transformation resulting in a highly nonlinear programming problem, (4) finite difference discretization of the state equations again resulting in a nonlinear program, (5) second variation methods with complex state differential equations to include damping effects resulting in systems of inhomogeneous matrix Riccatti equations some of which are stiff, (6) quasi-linear methods based on iterative linearization of the state and adjoint equation. The paper includes a discussion of some substantial computational difficulties encountered in the implementation of these techniques together with a resume of work presently in progress using a differential dynamic programming approach.


This book is the first anthology to explore the rockumentary as a central component of both the documentary and world cinema. The book discusses the development of the genre of rockumentary and its different subgenres as well as how the rockumentary and audio-visual representations of artists and music have become central to popular music and celebrity culture.


The changes of business environment result in the changes of management theories and methods. As knowledge takes a more and more important part in the capital amount, management of knowledge workers becomes more and more important, too. Based upon analysis of the changes of business environment, this paper points out that knowledge teams, which are formed by knowledge workers, will play a more and more important role in the business operation. There are several distinct differences between knowledge teams and those traditional teams, which are based on mono-functional tasks or whose members come from single knowledge area. Following such viewpoints as time pressure, ambiguity objectives, dynamic human resources and broken power structure etc, this paper studies the characteristics of knowledge teams, and makes the challenges in managing knowledge teams clear.


AT first sight the question seems needless, since the gospels themselves offer a solution of the riddle. But the difficulty here is an embarras de richesse, since the two principal accounts of this discourse of Jesus concerning the sign of Jonah, Matt. 12 : 38-42 = Luke II: I6, 29-32, have each a verse which purports to solve it, but of the two each is quite incompatible with the other. Moreover, we have elsewhere an equally authoritative, but independent, account of the same challenge and answer in two versions (Mark 8: I I-I 3 = Matt. 16: 1-4) in which the enigma is left unsolved. In fact, the curt form of statement employed in this case by the evangelist, " But he answered and said unto them, A wicked and adulterous generation seeketh after a sign, and there shall no sign be given it but the sign of Jonah; and he left them and departed," seems rather to imply that no explanation was vouchsafed. This briefer version we will designate the " Markan," since in Matt. 16: I-4' it is mainly dependent on Mark. The other and longer version, found in Matthew and Luke, and as much fuller in its report of the discourse as it is meager in the matter of incident, we may designate the " Logian," from the Matthaean compilation of logia now generally admitted to underlie our Matthew and Luke.


The development of nuclear programs, space exploration, the development of new military equipment, creation of modern medical equipment, the development of the transport system is only a small part of the industries, where the use of electronic component base (ECB) is not an alternative to the present and prospect of industries in the future, but a reality today. The fraction of the electronic components cost in finished product ranges from 20 to 85 %. Design and production of electronic components is complex, knowledge intensive process, which challenges a number of domestic and foreign scientists. As a result, scientific work has been partially developed mathematical models, methods and algorithms for individual subsystems of intelligent information systems, however, a number of problems associated with the specifics of the development and functioning of microelectronics enterprises, remained unresolved. The problem of developing intelligent information systems for enterprises of microelectronics remains timely and relevant. The objective was to analyze existing problems in the industry and develop approaches to the design and implementation of intelligent information systems, taking into account the peculiarities of microelectronics enterprises functioning and trends in the development of microelectronics as the industry as a whole. In the article, the analysis of features and trends of microelectronics development and related issues that formed the basis of proposed approaches to the design and implementation of intelligent information systems and the structure of the information system. When architecting an information system, the author was guided by the methods of structural-functional modeling, modular and structured programming. The novelty of this work is to identify the problems and challenges facing enterprises of microelectronics and addressing these challenges through the development of intelligent information systems.


With Professor Ebony Coletu (language and cultural studies), Bonita London (social psychology) and statistical consultant Wentao Yuan) Professor Davis reports the results of a preliminary study of the use of simulation courses to address cultural biases in legal education.


A versatile approach has been developed for the multiple labeling of oligonucleotides. First, three linkers as a H-phosphonate monoester derivative were condensed on a solid-supported T12 to introduce H-phosphonate diester linkages which were oxidized in the presence of propargylamine. Second, three galactosyl azide derivatives were conjugated to the solid-supported three-alkyne-modified T12 by a 1,3-cycloaddition so-called "click chemistry" in the presence of Cu(I) assisted by microwaves.


In this article, we derive approximate quasi-interpolants when the values of a function u and of some of its derivatives are prescribed at the points of a uniform grid. As a byproduct of these formulas we obtain very simple approximants, which provide high-order approximations for solutions to elliptic differential equations with constant coefficients.


The article analyzes the specific perception of the causes of Pacific War by U.S. army and navy officers. The author identified two prevailing viewpoints, which had formed the basis of the modern historiography.


reduction and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy versus systemic chemotherapy and palliative surgery in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis of colorectal cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 2003; 21: 3737–43. 3. Cassinello J, Escudero P, Salud A et al. Activity and safety of oxaliplatin with weekly 5-fluorouracil bolus and low-dose leucovorin as first-line treatment for advanced colorectal cancer. Clin. Colorectal Cancer 2003; 3: 108–12. 4. Elias D, Bonnay M, Puizillou JM et al. Heated intra-operative intraperitoneal oxaliplatin after complete resection of peritoneal carcinomatosis: pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution. Ann. Oncol. 2002; 13: 267–72. 5. Glehen O, Kwiatkowski F, Sugarbaker PH et al. Cytoreductive surgery combined with perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy for the management of peritoneal carcinomatosis from colorectal cancer: a multiinstitutional study. J. Clin. Oncol. 2004; 22: 3284–92. 6. Sluiter NR, Rovers KP, Salhi Y et al. Metachronous peritoneal metastases after adjuvant chemotherapy are associated with poor outcome after cytoreduction and HIPEC. Ann. Surg. Oncol. 2018; 25: 2347–56. 7. Van der Speeten K, Lemoine L, Sugarbaker P. Overview of the optimal perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy regimens used in current clinical practice. Pleura Peritoneum 2017; 2: 63–72. 8. Goere D, Glehen O, Quenet F et al. Results of a randomized phase 3 study evaluating the potential benefit of a second-look surgery plus HIPEC in patients at high risk of developing colorectal peritoneal metastases (PROPHYLOCHIP NTC01226394). J. Clin. Oncol. 2018; 36 (15 Suppl.): 3531–1. 9. Klaver CEL, Wisselink DD, Punt CJA et al. Adjuvant hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced colon cancer (COLOPEC): a multicentre, open-label, randomised trial. Lancet Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2019; 4: 761–70. 10. Evrard S. Autopsy of an expert consensus: end of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in colorectal carcinomatosis. Eur. J. Surg. Oncol. 2018; 44: 1845–6.


One can theorize that when youth become aware that raw data sets can help them carry out appealing activities, their self-efficacy increases because they realize that if they explore the data themselves, they can draw their own conclusions. The following case study provides one example of this theory's enactment. Yet, Whether in formal or informal science youths' engagement with data, particularly raw data, is threatened when supports are insufficient for drawing meaning from the data. For example, there may be insufficient explanation of how the data are structured and how to make sense of the statistics that are displayed as forms of data reduction (e.g., mean, median, variance). These challenges are compounded when the youth need to also (1) become sufficiently proficient in using the technology for data collection, querying, and analysis; (2) recognize errors in the data from, for example, inadequate instrument and protocol calibration; (3) persist with their inquiry when their initial findings do not yield simple answers; and (4) learn enough about the focal scientific phenomena to draw meaning from the data in the first place (Feldman et al. With data sets collected by and for scientists, these challenges are often exacerbated by lack of accompanying information about how the data were collected, how they were measured, and how they are visually represented (Zalles, 2013a, 2013b; Radinsky et al., in review). The following case study describes how a group of 7 th-, 8th-, and 10th-grade youth in the informal environmental science program Green Kids have explored and used data from STORE and DICCE. sets that SRI International education projects have made more readily available and comprehendible to non-scientists. In so doing, they are an example of how youth can persist with challenging data tasks when the data are presented in transparent comprehendible ways. The two projects they examined for data are Studying Topography, Orographic Rainfall, and Ecosystems with Geospatial Information Technology (STORE) (NSF DRL-1019645) (store.sri.com) and Data-enhanced Investigations for Climate Change Education (DICCE) (NASA GCCE NNX10AT54A) (dicce.sri.com). First, an overview of STORE and DICCE is provided. Overview of STORE STORE is developing and piloting classroom uses of GIS-based interactive data files displaying climatological, topographical, and biological data about (1) an especially ecologically and topographically diverse section of mid-California and (2) a section of western New York State, plus projected climate change outcomes in 2050 and 2099 from an IPCC climate change model. The participating students and teachers …


The Gonghexin Road Viaduct is the first domestic double-deck viaduct structure integrating both roadway and subway utilization and is characteristic of special structural form and high level seismic vulnerability. By way of example of the Viaduct,the seismic design considerations based on the capacity design method and the specific application procedures of the method are introduced and the feasibility and effectiveness of the method are verified as well through the analysis of nonlinear time history seismic response and the pseudo-dynamic large scale model test of the design of such type of the viaduct.


Utilizing the theory of uncertain programming,the evaluation optimization model of locomotive emission reduction technology based on stochastic chance-constrained programming and its solving algorithm were put forward.The objective function of the model is to minimize the expected operation costs,the decision variables are emission reduction technology selection and their reduction efficiency,and the constraints include emission pollutants cancer and non-cancer health risks which are not to exceed certain probability etc.Combined with random simulation,the bilevel hybrid intelligent algorithm was designed for the proposed model.Finally,a simulation case was presented to illustrate feasibility and effectiveness of the model and algorithm.


AIM: Jagged 1 (JAG1) is a ligand of notch receptors that regulates cell division, differentiation, and survival. Over‐expression of JAG1 has been linked to increased risk of cancer. We previously showed that rs2273061 of JAG1 was associated with bone mineral density (BMD) using genome‐wide association, and the SNP was associated with JAG1 expression in bone and blood cells. We hypothesized that this SNP has association with neoplasm. METHODS: The SNP rs2273061 of JAG1 was genotyped in two independent cohorts without history of neoplasm at baseline. The cohorts were followed (median 10.8 years) for development of neoplasm using electronic medical database of the Hong Kong Hospital Authority. Ascertainment of neoplasm was based on ICD9 code 140‐239. Cox proportional hazards regression models adjusted for age, sex, BMI, and lumbar spine BMD Zscore were used for association analysis. AUC was used to test predictive accuracy of the models. RESULT: In the first cohort (n=731; 80 incidents; 7620 person‐year), minor allele (G) of rs2273061 was significantly associated with neoplasm (HR=0.68; 95%CI:0.47‐0.98). The result was validated (HR=0.81; 95% CI:0.66‐0.99) in replication cohort (n=1,885; 241 incidents; 19966 person‐year). Meta‐analysis showed a more significant association (HR=0.78; 95% CI:0.65‐0.93; p=0.005). AUC for basic clinical model (age+sex+BMI) in predicting neoplasm was 0.618 (95%CI: 0.588‐0.648). The addition of rs2273061 genotype to the basic model increased AUC to 0.635 (95%CI: 0.605‐0.665), and the increment was statistically significant. Conclusion: JAG1 polymorphism has association with incident neoplasm However, further study is required to evaluate any functional effects of rs2273061 on tumor formation.


Electric power transformers are important components in power systems. To overcome the problems associated with using mineral oil in power transformers, environmentally friendly oil is proposed. In this paper, it is aimed to evaluate dielectric and thermal properties of environmentally friendly insulating oil under accelerated aging tests. Natural ester oil is considered in this study. The fresh oil is exposed to thermal aging test at 120 °C for different aging periods. Three aging periods are considered; 3 days, 6 days and 10 days. The aged samples are then tested for breakdown strength and heat transfer coefficient. To clarify the effect of aging by-products on breakdown strength, the evolution of aging by-products is evaluated using tests of moisture content and acidity in addition to Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy (UV/Vis) spectroscopy. Based on the obtained results, it is found breakdown strength in natural ester oil is less affected by aging by-products. This is clarified considering the moisture saturation limit of natural ester oil and the chemical composition of produced acids in such oil.


The Alma Ata Declaration set the goal of health for all by the year 2000 to be achieved by providing a minimum package of interventions in which maternal-child health services played a key role. In the framework of the fight against poverty Bolivias Ministry of Health and Social Planning in 1998 developed the Strategic Health Plan which assigns priority to Basic Health Insurance. In the view of the Minister of Health and Social Planning Basic Health Insurance is not just a technical instrument but also a symbol of solidarity and an obligation of the government to pay its accumulated internal social debt. Basic Health Insurance is designed to provide maternal-child health services and treatment of endemic diseases. The Ministry of Health and Social Planning will seek to broaden coverage in coming years to achieve eventual total coverage. Basic Health Insurance will be financed by municipal departmental and national funds as well as international assistance. Strategies to incorporate family physicians to extend services to rural areas have been designed. Existing deficiencies in health services will be addressed through administrative restructuring training and an IEC program to encourage interchanges between staff and the local population.


Abstract Researchers, therapists, and advocates have examined the advantages and disadvantages of intimate partner violence (IPV) universal screening in health care settings. This article describes the IPV Screen and Assessment Tier (IPV-SAT), a model that adapts findings from the screening research literature for therapists and recommends IPV universal education. IPV-SAT is a framework and decision-making protocol for conducting an IPV screen, IPV education, IPV assessment, and IPV danger assessment. The article includes recommendations for IPV universal education and principles for responding to disclosures of violence. Important considerations for creating a safe context for screening and assessment and strategies for handling confidentiality are outlined. IPV education resources and recommendations are provided, along with materials to assist therapists and other health care providers to effectively assess for IPV.


Abstract Congenital measles is a well recognised but uncommon transplacental infection in the post-vaccine era. A 4-day-old infant is described who presented with uncomplicated congenital measles during the 2010 South African measles outbreak. Clinicians working in regions affected by measles outbreaks should be mindful of waning vaccine-induced measles immunity where infections among pregnant women may result in a resurgence of congenital measles.


Two years of research and development work have resulted in the production of a low noise lorry. This is a 7.5 ton lorry with a 130 ps motor, the noise emission of which was able to be reduced in various stages from 90 db(a) originally to 77 db(a). The basis was a production line front wheel drive lorry of 7.5 tons total weight, with an air-cooled diesel engine. The first stage was the direct reduction of engine noise. This was followed by encapsulation above the vehicle chassis, supplemented by the incorporation of a shell from the back of the vehicle to the front axle, below the chassis. Extending the encapsulation on the underside of the vehicle up to the transmission and the mounting of an absorber channel on the cool air intake and outlet brought about the final result of 77 db(a).


Objective To compare the effect of different antigen retrieval methods of immunohistochemistry in detection of p16 and cyclin D1 in cervical squamous epithelial lesions.Methods Expression of p16 and cyclin D1 was detected by immunohistochemistry in 45 tissue specimens of cervical squamous epithelial lesions.Four antigen retrieval methods were applied in immunohistochemistry.Groups A and B use EDTA as repairing fluid,with B using pressure cooker for 1.5 min;Groups C and D use citrate buffer(CB) and pressure cooker for 1.5 min and 3 min respectively.Wilcoxon nonparametric test was used for comparison.Results There was no significant difference in p16 detection between methods A and B or methods C and D(P 0.05).There were significant differences in p16 expression in lesions of both CIN class Ⅰ and Ⅱ between methods B and C(P = 0.001;P = 0.028).There was no difference in the expression of cyclin D1 among 4 antigen repair methods.The positive staining was located in the cervical basal nuclei,a small number of cervical columnar epithelial cells and all levels of cervical lesions near the basal cell area;but the express strength of cyclin D1 when using EDTA was stronger than that using CB.Staining was the strongest in method B with intense background staining and generally colored cytoplasm.In method A positive signal was slightly diminished,contrast was marked and endochylema was occasionally stained.Conclusion Immunohistochemical staining of p16 in cervical lesions by using CB for antigen retrieval may reflect the evolution of lesions more clearly.


The invention relates to a cosmetic display device, in particular to a cosmetic sample display bottle comprising a multi-tier bottle body (1) and a cap (2). The cap (2) is screwed to the multi-layer bottle body (1). The multi-tier bottle body (1) comprises an anti-fall layer (1-1), a printed layer (1-2), and a coating (1-3). The printed layer (1-2) is disposed outside the anti-fall layer (1-1). The coating (1-3) is arranged outside the printed layer (1-2). The cosmetic sample display bottle is made of multiple layers of materials, the surface of the bottle body is evenly sprayed by a special process, and prints of the bottle body are on the inner layer and can be prevented from being abraded.


Within the subfields of linguistics, traditional approaches tend to examine different phenomena in isolation. As Stoel-Gammon (this issue) correctly states, there is little interaction between the subfields. However, for a more comprehensive understanding of language acquisition in general and, more specifically, lexical and phonological development, wemust consider relations between multiple subfields. That is, by examining the interactions between these subfields, a greater understanding of lexical and phonological development can emerge. For instance, the interaction between phonology, syntax and semantics is demonstrated in recent work looking at how phonological patterns can provide a basis for inferring a word's lexical category (such as nouns and verbs) (Christiansen, Onnis & Hockema, 2009; Lany & Saffran, 2010). Stoel-Gammon provides an extensive overview of data from developmental speech production to establish the relationship between lexical and phonological development. Numerous studies demonstrate that phonological patterning is one factor that determines which words are produced and learned by children. A range of findings provide evidence for this factor, such as studies examining the connection between children's prelinguistic and later word productions (Vihman, 1992) and studies comparing phonological distributions in children's early lexicons to children's production accuracy (Stoel-Gammon, 1998). A wealth of knowledge can be gathered from the studies that Stoel-Gammon reviews. Speech production studies in particular, have provided linguists with a solid foundation of how the phonological system develops in conjunction with the acquisition of words. However, to fully understand lexical and phonological acquisition, it is essential that we also take a step back in development. We also need to consider findings in related fields such as infant speech perception and look


We present a systematic study of Zn thermal diffusion and Si ion implantation with subsequent rapid thermal annealing as the methods to fabricate lateral p-i-n junctions in InP membranes on silicon for use in electrically pumped in-plane nanolasers. We describe in detail optimized fabrication steps, which include MOVPE growth of InGaAs/InP epilayers, 2" InP to 4" SiO2/Si direct bonding, and several cycles of DUV lithography. Values for sheet resistance of p-InGaAs/InP and n-InP membranes are obtained, which correspond to carrier concentration levels higher than 1018 cm-3 for both Zndiffused p-InP and Si-implanted n-InP.


We consider $M_1,M_2/M/1$ retrial queues with two classes of customers in which the service rates depend on the total number or the customers served since the beginning of the current busy period. In the case that arriving customers are bloced due to the channel being busy, the class 1 customers are queued in the priority group and are served as soon as the channel is free, whereas the class 2 customers enter the retrical group in order to try service again after a random amount of time. For the first $N(N \geq 1)$ exceptional services model which is a special case of our model, we derive the joint generating function of the numbers of customers in the two groups. When N = 1 i.e., the first exceptional service model, we obtain the joint generating function explicitly and if the arrival rate of class 2 customers is 0, we show that the results for our model coincide with known results for the M/M/1 queues with smart machine.


The electron impact and collision-induced dissociation spectra of 2-(2-carbethoxy-1-imino-1-methylthio)-ethylene isoquinoline ylide (1), 2-(2-cyano-1-phenylamino-1-methylthio)-ethylene pyridine ylide (2), 2-(2-carboethoxy-1-amino-1-thio)-ethylene pyridine ylide (3), 2-(2-carboethoxy-1-amino-1-thio)-ethylene isoquinoline ylide (4) and 2-(1-N-phenylamide-1-cyano)-ethylene pyridine ylide (5) were studied. The molecular ions of compounds 1–4 were shown to undergo cyclization to the corresponding heterocyclic compounds, analogous to the reaction of compound 1 in solution. Proposed fragmentation schemes are presented based on tandem mass spectrometry and high resolution mass spectrometry data.


By the analysis of basic content and method of ethnics,discussed the relation between ethnics and product design. Summarized the research category of product design ethnics issues,paid attention to primary consider humanism, sustainable development and value realization of design main body during design. It brought forward the top pursue aim of product design which was accord with the opinion of ethics moral.


Until now, the only effective way to disinfect water in swimming pools is to add chemicals (mainly chlorine), but with significant drawbacks (the creation of Byproducts) for humans and the environment. Two alternative, promising and environmentally friendly disinfection methods are the use of ultraviolet (UV) and ultrasound (US). The aim of this study was to assess the effects of UV and US use on various pathogenic microorganisms in aquatic environments. It is worth mentioning that the research carried out is the first of its kind. The innovation of this study lies in the fact that no UV-disinfection has been carried out in a similar pilot model swimming pool, that combines Greek legislation and international protocols.
For the evaluation of ultraviolet radiation (UV), a pilot tank model was used which simulated an actual swimming pool of Olympic dimensions and was constructed from Plexiglas material, in scale 1 : 250. The bacterial strains used were: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa και Enterococcus faecalis. Samples were taken at different time intervals during the process, which lasted two days. For ultrasonic germicidal evaluation (US), an ultrasonic water bath was used which was set at 80 kHz. Two bacterial strains were used, a gram positive and a gram negative. In particular, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.
The analysis of the results was carried out using the statistical analysis of Microsoft Excel. From the data obtained during the study, all the microbial markers used showed a remarkable percentage change. Consequently, both Ultraviolet radiation (UV) and ultrasound (US) can be used to decontaminate swimming pool water by replacing or supplementing the conventional disinfection methods used.


In a flexible manufacturing system, a cell controller is able to identify and evaluate a number of alternative decisions to meet the objectives set by the factory level controller. In this paper, a Petri net-based cell controller is presented to accomplish this task. A static model is developed by using the Integrated Computer Aided Definition(IDEF0) method to represent clear functional relationships among the objects of the system. Based on the static model, two Petri net models are developed for the physical part flow and for the information flow. Multiple decision alternatives are generated from the physical part flow model and are synchronized with the information flow model for execution of the selected alternative.


© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. No commercial reuse. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. CASE PRESENTATION A 47yearold man presents to the ED with shortness of breath and chest pain. The shortness of breath has been progressively worsening in the setting of running out of his medications 3 days prior, while the chest pain started after smoking methamphetamines the day prior to presentation. He denies any fevers, new cough, sputum production or sick contacts. He has a 20year history of daily methamphetamine use. His medical history is notable for heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) of 20%, type 2 diabetes, coronary artery disease (CAD), untreated deep vein thrombosis and depression. His prescribed medications include furosemide, carvedilol, lisinopril, atorvastatin, metformin and aspirin. On physical examination, the patient has a BP of 118/83 mm Hg, HR of 121, temperature of 36.4°C, RR of 22, and an oxygen saturation of 100% on 11 L with a nonrebreather mask. He is nontoxic appearing, but in clear respiratory distress with tachypnoea and increased work of breathing. His pulmonary examination is notable for crackles at the bases. Cardiac examination is notable for tachycardia without murmurs, rubs or gallops. His abdomen is soft but protuberant. Lower extremities are warm and well perfused with 2+ pitting oedema from the ankle to the midshin, bilaterally. Intravenous access is obtained; blood is obtained and sent for processing. A pointofcare ultrasound (POCUS) is performed.


The revolution of information technology has given rise to profound changes in various spheres of human society.with regard to this fact,the article expounds problems such as the sources of modernization of editing and publishing,and their historical location,puting forward some proposals to help editors to face new challenges in the course of modernization.