Introduction: potassium and fluoride salts have been used for the treatment of dentine hypersensitivity. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of a tooth paste with 5.6% of potassium citrate and 0.3% of sodium fluoride for the treatment of dentine hypersensitivity. Methods: a randomized sample of 100 people, male and female from the Valle de Aburrá, older than 18 years of age, with dentine hypersensitivity and who met the inclusion criteria was selected. A randomized triple blind clinical trial was designed, using a control group (placebo), and an experimental group (tooth paste for sensitive teeth). The subjects were given a questionnaire in which they rated the intensity of the pain using the visual analogical scale before the intervention; next, a tooth was selected in each person and subjected to a thermal stimulus test and constant pressure contact test, 1 Investigación derivada del convenio Universidad-Empresa gestionado a través de la Vicerrectoría de Extensión, Programa de Gestión Tecnológica, entre la Universidad de Antioquia y la empresa Proquident S. A. 2 Odontólogo, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Especialista en Pedagogía audiovisual, Universidad El Bosque. Especialista en Odontología Integral del Adulto, Universidad de Antioquia. Profesor asistente Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia. Correo electrónico: firstname.lastname@example.com 3 Químico Farmacéutico. Universidad de Antioquia. Jefe de control de calidad, investigación y desarrollo Proquident S. A. 4 Estadística, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Medellín, Colombia. 5 Estudiante Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia. RECIBIDO: FEBRERO 25/2009-ACEPTADO: OCTUBRE 6/2009


Mongolian × Versicolor and common pheasants were investigated. Birds were kept in a con- fined, environmentally controlled facility without outdoor access and fed ad libitum commercial diets for slaughter pheasants. Body weight was determined at the end of 6, 10 and 13 weeks of rearing, and body weight and body measurements were determined in 16-week-old pheasants. At 16 weeks, 20 pheasants were taken from each genetic group for slaughter. After slaughter, pH 15 of muscles was determined and carcasses were dissected. Samples of breast and leg muscles were collected to determine water holding capacity, colour, and sensory properties of meat. Compared to common pheasants, Mongolian × Versicolor hybrids were characterized by similar body weight and body measurements except for length of trunk with neck in females. The carcasses of Mongolian × Versicolor pheasants of both sexes contained more breast muscles, leg muscles, skin with subcutaneous fat and abdominal fat. Differences in the values of these traits were not significant. Significant differences in the composition of carcasses from the groups under comparison were only found for the content of skin with subcutaneous fat and abdominal fat content in females, which were significantly higher (P ≤ 0.05) in Mongolian × Versicolor females. The leg muscles had significantly higher pH 15 in Mongolian × Versicolor females and significantly lower (P ≤ 0.05) redness (a*) in males. Compared to the common pheasants, the breast muscles of Mongolian × Versicolor pheasants received lower scores for aroma and tenderness and higher scores for taste, whereas leg muscles had higher scores for intensity of aroma and taste, and lower scores for taste and tenderness.


Superstructures composed of diblock copolymer micelles and inorganic nanoparticles are quite interesting because the specific arrangement of inorganic nanoparticles within the micellar structure can reveal interesting opportunities in many field of science. In this perspective, we report a simple method to produce clustered assembly of Au nanoparticles in the micelles in attempt to induce plasmonic coupling among multiple Au nanoparticles in the assembled structures. Here, we utilized polystyrene-block-poly(acrylic acid), PS-PAA, micelles containing single Au nanoparticle in the core (Au@PS-PAA micelles) as building materials to initiate next-level assembling process. In particular, the addition of HCl to the solution of Au@PS-PAA micelles affected the overall equilibrium condition as well as kinetic process in the micellar solution. As a result, individual Au@PS-PAA micelles could be merged together to form more large micelles with inclusion of multiple nanoparticles in the core, the process of which was accompanied with plasmonic coupling of Au nanoparticles. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44693.


The reductionism and Manichaean view of the microbe-human host relationship are the two major limitations in the conventional theories of microbial infection. Three focal point theory-based game models (pure cooperative, dilemma and pure conflict) are proposed for resolving those problems. There exists a dynamic duality relationship (DDR) between symbiosis (Sym) and pathogenesis (Pat) in microbial infection, which is the most fundamental problem in infectomics. Our health is associated with the dynamic interactions of three microbial communities [nonpathogenic microbiota (NP) (Cooperation), conditional pathogens (CP) (Dilemma), and unconditional pathogens (UP) (Conflict)] with the hosts at three different health statuses [nonsusceptibility (NS), conditional susceptibility (CS), and unconditional susceptibility (US)]. Sym and Pat can be quantitated by measuring symbiotic index (SI), which is quantitative fitness for the symbiotic partnership, and pathogenic index (PI), which is quantitative damage to the symbiotic partnership, respectively. The values of SI and PI can be used for calculation of the symbiotic point (SP).


As a language phenomena and cognitive system,metaphor is rooted in culture and also part of it. By observing the cultural nature of metaphor,we can see the similarity and difference of various cultures. This paper,starting with the relationship between metaphor and culture,analyzes the current situation of cultural teaching and put forwards some suggestions to enhance teaching metaphorical culture.


A distributed hydrological model is presented based on the TOPMODEL. In the presented model, the topographic index and runoff yield/travel are calculated according to each grid of Digital Elevation Models (DEM), and the runoff travel is modeled by NASH Unit hydro-graph. At last, this model is applied in a watershed as a case study. Compared with the observed hydrological processes, it is found that this model shows high precision in runoff simulating.


Abstract : This case study explores the development of the Patriot PAC-2 and its historic deployment in the Gulf War from the vantage point of five senior technical managers. In addition to in-depth interviews with these senior managers U.S. Army Aviation and Missile Command (U.S. Army Missile Command) historical documents unclassified government reports and other public sources were reviewed for information regarding PAC-2 development. Patriot PAC-2 is a case study in effective project management that resulted in the extraordinary acceleration in the final stages of development production and deployment in time to play a historic role in the Gulf War. The Patriot PAC-2 lessons may benefit future project managers engaged in the final stages of system development prior to a major conflict.


A simple formula for predicting the ratio between the field strengths of the incident laser pulse and of the near-field created in the vicinity of the target electron system has been proposed, in the context of optically controlling confined electron systems. The formula is easy to use and does not involve elaborate computation, thus enabling one to judge whether to use the time-consuming Maxwell–Schrödinger hybrid simulation or to stay with the conventional time-dependent Schrödinger equation approach that takes no near-field effect into account. As a demonstration we have examined in detail the system of an electron confined in a quasi-one-dimensional nanoscale potential well. The highly accurate Maxwell–Schrödinger hybrid simulation has been employed to demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed formula in predicting the significance of the near-field effect. The near-field effect has shown to depend sensitively on the characteristics of the laser pulse and of the geometry of the confined electron system, which can be predicted well by the proposed formula.


Abstract : In October 1976, the Survey Opinion Questionnaire was distributed to 2674 soldiers in TO/E divisional and non-divisional units in CONUS and USAREUR. 2382 questionnaires were analyzed, first as a total sample, then by rank and rank groupings, and finally by unit type and unit groupings. The questionnaire asked for information and opinions about training, job satisfaction, and work ethic, (the three important aspects of attitude towards duty time). Generally, the attitude towards duty time is positive, and attitudes are more positive in the higher enlisted ranks than in the lower. The analyses by unit types show differential responses that indicate a slight falling off of positive attitudes as units go from combat, through combat service support, to combat support units. There is a clear and pervasive perception of what activities are important to self, bosses, and assistants; and an almost equally clear perception that what is important to self and assistant (individual, squad or team training) is different from what is important to bosses (Vehicular or weapon system maintenance).


As the title implies, the article provides a general overview of the Kaluga iconography as a unique regional iconographic tradition that formed in the 2nd half of the 18th century. The primary parameters of this phenomenon are identified, including technological, iconographic, and stylistic factors. Based of archival data and historical evidence, Kaluga' icons are defined a number of monuments executed in the technique of tempera painting in a specific stylistic manner, for the most part inheriting of artistic direction named "zhivopodobie". The main iconographic features of the products of the Kaluga icon painters are revealed, in particular, the iconographic renderings of Christ the Almighty and the Mother of God "The Life-Giving Spring" common in Kaluga. It also provides a classification of the main stylistic lines in the Kaluga icon painting, which took shape at the end of the 18th century. The question of the chronological boundaries of the phenomenon is considered. Based on the analysis undertaken, Kaluga iconography is determined to be a full-fledged center of regional icon painting that forms part of a broader context of late iconography. On the one hand, Kaluga's iconography aligns with general trends, with its unique writing style appearing in the last quarter of the eighteenth century, overtly influenced by significant European styles, and experiencing artistic decline in the second half of the nineteenth century. On the other hand, the Kaluga iconography distinguishes itself through its singular stylistic and iconographic peculiarities, sufficient to demarcate it as a distinct artistic center.


Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS) is an uncommon variant of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS). It is characterized by external ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and areflexia. The incidence of MFS as a proportion of GBS was reported to be 1 to 5 % in western countries and considerably higher in Eastern Asia i.e. 19% in Taiwan and 25% in Japan. Here we report the clinical features of a patient who initially presented with ataxia then subsequently developed limb weakness, areflexia and ophthalmoplegia. CSF study and NCV study supported our clinical diagnosis. Patient was managed conservatively. No intravenous immunoglobulin was given but the patient gradually improved in symptoms including power, ataxia, ophthalmoparesis. After one month the patient was discharged from hospital with complete recovery. DOI:  http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bsmmuj.v5i1.11028 BSMMU J 2012; 5(1):69-71


On the night of the 28th of August, and the entire day Monday, 29 August 2005, both the city of New Orleans and its residents were forever changed. In fact, the entire Mississippi Gulf Coast was locked in a death dance with a monster hurricane named Katrina. This mega-storm ravaged portions of four states: Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida. While the category five storm damaged the Gulf Coast, it was relatively kind to New Orleans, Louisiana. However, the hurricane devastated nearby St. Bernard Parish and the barrier islands, which usually protect New Orleans from storms such as Katrina. (1) If Hurricane Katrina did not cause the widespread death and destruction we all know occurred in New Orleans, then what did? The answer to this query is two-fold. While Hurricane Katrina whipped New Orleans with strong category three hurricane winds and rains, it made landfall slightly east of the Crescent City. What destroyed much of New Orleans, leading to the deaths of over 1,100 people and causing a staggering $20 billion in damages was the incapacity of the city's levee and canal system to withstand the record-setting storm surges. These surges caused the collapse of the levees for the London Avenue, 17th Street, and Industrial Canals. The canal and levee failures spilled millions of gallons of water from the Gulf, Lake Pontchartrain, and the canals into 90 percent of the city's streets, demolishing countless homes, numerous businesses, thousands of automobiles, and taking hundreds of human lives. Tens of thousands of New Orleanians were forced to flee and many have lost their homes, furnishings, and livelihoods. For those who did not evacuate before the storm, the world witnessed as countless people were stranded in their homes or on rooftops, waiting sometimes days to be rescued. Many looked on in shock and disbelief at the U.S. government's inability, if not unwillingness, to rescue thousands of people who, for whatever reason, remained during the storm. Currently, many people question U.S. officials' willingness to swiftly address the unfolding catastrophe because the majority of people needing rescue were poor and African American. (2) Moreover, Katrina caused the single largest displacement of Americans since the Civil War. Of the estimated 463,000 residents in pre-Katrina New Orleans, the number of people who had returned by November 2005 was placed at 139,000, and by February 2006, it was estimated that only 180,000 residents were back in the city. In the two years after Katrina slammed into the Gulf Coast, we have also witnessed U.S. and Louisiana government officials' inability to rebuild one of this country's greatest cities. In particular, there seems to be a hesitancy to rebuild African American neighborhoods that suffered, and continue to suffer, from Katrina's wrath. Pontchartrain Park, Lake Kenilworth, Academy Park, and, of course, the Lower Ninth Ward are predominantly African American areas experiencing a slow comeback. Most of these communities lack adequate infrastructure and vital city services such as police protection, fire stations, grocery stores, restaurants, and medical facilities. News-gathering agencies worldwide have covered many Katrina-related issues, including those currently plaguing the citizens of New Orleans as they attempt to rebuild their lives, homes, and livelihoods. Despite the widespread Katrina-inspired media coverage and public attention the Crescent City has received, there remain many issues that have been ignored or received insufficient notice, such as the impact of the devastation on the three historically black colleges and universities in the city: Southern University at New Orleans (SUNO), Dillard University, and Xavier University of Louisiana. All three institutions suffered hundreds of millions of dollars in damages, and the students who were enrolled at these institutions when the storm hit have important stories to tell. Southern University at New Orleans is Southern University at Baton Rouge's branch campus and was severely damaged during the hurricane. …


This year there is the 70th anniversary of the German occupation of Hungary. Therefore with this study I would like to commemorate this very important historical event, which had decisive effects on the future of the Hungarian state and society as well. Naturally untill nowadays there had been appeared a lot of books, studies and scientific articles which presents the occupation, but most of them deals with the problem in general, referring to the whole country. In order to complete the general scene, in my study I focused only on the capital of the Northern Transylvanian region, reincorporated to the Hungarian Kingdom in 1940. The city of Kolozsvar (today officialy in Romanian language: Cluj-Napoca) was the administrative and cultural centre of the eastern part of Hungary in that time, therefore it shows very well the exact consequences of the occupation. First of all I shortly present the political and military conditions of the German invasion of the country, and after that the occupation process of Kolozsvar. For a better description of the entering of Wehrmacht troops in the city, I used some interviews made to persons who were eyewitnesses of the events. Beside these, I obtained a lot of dates from the local contemporary Hungarian and Romainan press, and several scientific volumes and articles published last years. The main objective of this study is to realize an analysis of the exact consequences of the German occupation of Kolozsvar in 1944 upon the population of the city, and especially upon the Jewish community. Through the description of the mass arrests of left wing sympathizers, and the collection of the Jews in ghettos, as well as the deportation process, I tried to present one of the most dramatic perriod of the old, historical city of Kolozsvar.


Abstract Pisione Grube, 1857 was considered rare animals, but its numbers have increased in recent decades. New species have been described, mainly from the Indo-Pacific region. In this study, we described Pisione balasubramaniani sp. nov., from Tamil Nadu, southeastern coast of India. The new species resembles other species in the 'remota complex' in the shape of the copulatory organs, elongated ventral cirri on the first segment and a short dorsal cirrus on the second segment. It can be distinguished from members of this group by having protruding notoacicula from the anteriormost to the very last chaetigers, three pairs of copulatory organs on chaetigers 15–17 and variances in the morphology of the copulatory organ. We also provide an updated comparison between all known species of Pisione based on key morphological characters. We also present a discussion of species of this genus in India and nearby regions.


A t ype o f h i g h l y repeated DNA sequences p resen t i n t he genome o f V i c i a faba was d e t e c t e d by d i g e s t i o n i t s n u c l e a r DNA w i t h Fok l endonuclease and f r a c t i o n a t i n g t h e d i g e s t s on p o l y a c r y l a m i d e g e l s . Four f ragments o f 59, 108, 177 and 246 bp o f t he Fok l repeated sequences were c o l l e c t e d f rom t h e g e l s and t h e i r p r ima ry s t r u c t u r e s were de te rmined by t h e method o f Maxam and G i l b e r t . These repea ted DNA sequences were shown t o be a m u l t i p l e tandem a r r a y o f a 59 bp sequence e lement . And i t s n u c l e o t i d e sequence was almost comp le te l y conserved among a l l the sequence members o f each t he s i z e c l a s s and a l so among these c l a s s e s . Th is sequence element c o n s i s t s o f a d u p l e t o f an about 20 bp s h o r t sequence and another u n r e l a t e d 20 bp sequence. Each repea t u n i t o f the d u p l e t has an imcomplete dyad symmet r i ca l s t r u c t u r e . INTRODUCTION H i g h l y r e p e a t e d DNA s e q u e n c e s c o m p r i s e a l a r g e f r a c t i o n o f t h e g e n o m i c DNA i n m o s t e u k a r y o t i c c e l l s . A l t h o u g h t h e i r f u n c t i o n s a r e n o t c l e a r , w i d e s p r e a d o c c u r r e n c e i n e u k a r y o t e s , c o u p l e d w i t h t h e i r h i g h c o n c e n t r a t i o n i n h e t e r o c h r o m a t i n , has l e d t o s p e c u l a t i o n on t h e i r r o l e s i n s e v e r a l c e l l u l a r f u n c t i o n s ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ) . D r o s o p h i 1 a genome c o n t a i n s a s i m p l e r e p e a t e d DNA s e q u e n c e w h i c h c o n s i s t s o f a 20 bp u n i t s e q u e n c e t a n d e m l y r e p e a t i n g i n a h o m o g e n e o u s a r r a y ( 5 , 6 ) . More h i g h l y o r g a n i z e d r e p e a t e d s e q u e n c e s c o n s i s t i n g o f some s u b r e p e a t s , e a c h o f w h i c h had a c c u m u l a t e d d i f f e r e n t b a s e m u t a t i o n s , w e r e d e t e c t e d i n b o v i n e ( 7 , 8 , 9 ) , mouse ( 1 0 , 1 1 , 1 2 ) and some p r i m a t e s ( 1 3 , 1 4 , 1 5 ) . S e v e r a l t y p e s o f o r g a n i z a t i o n p a t t e r n o f r e p e a t e d DNA s e q u e n c e s h a v e been r e p o r t e d a l s o i n p l a n t s . I n S e c a l e c e r e a l e , t a n d e m l y r e p e a t i n g u n i t s , w h i c h c o n s i s t o f o r i g i n a l r e p e t i t i v e e l e m e n t s and i n s e r t e d u n r e l a t e d s e q u e n c e s , w e r e f o u n d by a n a l y s i s u s i n g v a r i o u s r e s t r i c t i o n e n z y m e s ( 1 6 ) . I n Zea m a y s , a 185 bp r e p e a t e d s e q u e n c e was r e p o r t e d t h a t was l o c a l i z e d e x c l u s i v e l y t o k n o b h e t e r o c h r o m a t i n and i t s n u c l e o t i d e s e q u e n c e d e t e r m i n e d i n d i c a t e d t h e a b s e n c e o f © IRL Press Limited, Oxford, England. 641 5 Nucleic Acids Research any internal s u b r e p e a t s ( 1 7 ) . H o w e v e r , t h e r e is no c l e a r e v i d e n c e of s e q u e n c e c o n s e r v a t i o n among m e m b e r s of the 185 bp s e q u e n c e e l e m e n t ( 1 7 ) . Several c l a s s e s of the r e p e a t e d s e q u e n c e s found in the S c i l l a s i b e r i c a genome w e r e all shown to be very h i g h l y c o n served in n u c l e o t i d e s e q u e n c e among m e m b e r s of each c l a s s and also among the c l a s s e s , except the r e g i o n of m u l t i p l e s u c c e s i v e i n s e r t i o n of the t e t r a n u c l e o t i d e G T C C . H o w e v e r , t h e r e is no i n f o r m a t i o n on the r e l a t i o n s h i p in the a r r a n g e m e n t of the v a r i ants of t h e s e r e p e a t e d s e q u e n c e s w i t h i n the genome ( 1 8 ) . Some of the v a r i o u s f a m i l i e s of r e p e a t e d DNA s e q u e n c e s found w i t h i n the g e n o m e of an o r g a n i s m may be r e l a t e d to one another and useful to study the e v o l u t i o n of D N A s e q u e n c e s . The subject of t h i s c o m m u n i c a t i o n is the m o l e c u l a r o r g a n i z a t i o n of one t y p e of r e peated DNA s e q u e n c e s found in Vi ci a f a b a . A h y p o t h e t i c a l model of the e v o l u t i o n of this r e p e a t e d s e q u e n c e is p r e s e n t e d . M A T E R I A L S AND M E T H O D S E x t r a c t i o n of DNA E m b r y o n i c axes used f o r p r e p a r a t i o n of DNA w e r e o b t a i n e d from V i c i a f a b a s e e d s after s o a k i n g for 24h in the dark at 27 C. A n u c l e a r f r a c t i o n w a s o b t a i n e d ( 1 9 , 2 0 ) , from which DNA w a s p r e pared by CsCl-equi1ibriurn c e n t r i f u g a t i o n a c c o r d i n g to the m e t h o d of B e d b r o o k ( 1 6 ) . R e s t r i c t i o n e n d o n u c l e a s e d i g e s t i o n , gel e l e c t r o p h o r e s i s and s e q u e n c e a n a l y s i s In m o s t c a s e s DNA was d i g e s t e d with 2 units of a r e s t r i c t i o n e n z y m e per jug DNA in the b u f f e r s u g g e s t e d by the s u p p l i e r s . DNA f r a g m e n t s w e r e f r a c t i o n a t e d by e l e c t r o p h o r e s i s on 1 2 % a g a r o s e or 5% p o l y a c r y l a m i d e g e l s . DNA f r a g m e n t s s t a i n e d with e t h i d i u m b r o m i d e w e r e v i s u a l i z e d by a UV lamp and eluted e l e c t r o p h o r e t i c a l l y in d i a l y s i s b a g s . A f t e r l a b e l i n g 5-ends of the DNA f r a g m e n t s w i t h (7"3 P)-ATP, DNA was d e n a t u r a t e d in 0 . 3 % NaOH and the s t r a n d s w e r e separated by e l e c t r o p h o r e s i s on 5 or 8% p o l y a c r y l a m i d e g e l s . Fast and slow s t r a n d s w e r e s e q u e n c e d a c c o r d i n g to the m e t h o d of M a x a m and G i l b e r t ( 2 1 ) . P-end l a b e l i n g and D N A / D N A h y b r i d i z a t i o n The t r e a t m e n t of DNA f r a g m e n t s with alkali p h o s p h a t a s e and t h e i r 5-end l a b e l i n g were c a r r i e d out a c c o r d i n g to M a i z e l s ( 2 2 ) .


Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) has been well known as a highly competitive photovoltaic technology owing to its interesting characteristics, such as, low-cost, simple, and convenient to modify both chemically and physically. One way to reduce the production cost of DSSCs is to conduct a structural modification in the form of a monolithic structure by using a single conductive substrate to accommodate both photoelectrode and counter electrode. However, the photovoltaic performance of monolithic DSSCs is typically still lacking compared to its conventional DSSCs counterparts that uses sandwich structure. One of the crucial factors that determine the photovoltaic performance of a monolithic DSSC is its electrolyte. In this work, the performance of monolithic DSSCs were studied through modifications of the electrolyte component. Two types of commercial liquid electrolytes that have different chemical properties were used and combined into various compositions, and the resulting DSSCs performances were compared. The stability of the monolithic cells was also monitored by measuring the cells repeatedly under the same condition. The result showed that during the first measurement the highest performance with a power conversion efficiency of 1.69% was achieved by the cell with a higher viscosity electrolyte. Meanwhile, the most stable performance is shown by the cell containing lower viscosity electrolyte, which achieved an efficiency of 0.66% that measured on day 35.


This work describes the application of acoustic wave technology for the real-time and label-free detection of biotin–avidin interactions. Biosensing surfaces are constructed onto unelectroded piezoelectric quartz discs as functionalizable mixed self-assembled monolayers (SAM) produced from previously unreported linker and diluent molecules. Biotinthiol can subsequently be immobilized for detection purposes in a straightforward and coupling-free manner. Specific and non-specific adsorptions of avidin are measured at ultra-high frequencies (1.06 and 0.82 GHz) with an electromagnetic piezoelectric acoustic sensor (EMPAS) using micromolar avidin-spiked buffer solutions. These biosensing surfaces, especially the oligoethylene glycol SAM-based variety, display high specificity for avidin, with moderate to excellent reproducibility. This preliminary work constitutes the first application of SAM chemistry and EMPAS technology in the bioanalytical field.


Despite the divergent views on the acceptability of arbitrators facilitating settlement in a pending arbitration, a merged system seems to work well in Asia, especially in China due to its legal culture that emphasizes mediation. This article examines the reasons why mediation has been successfully integrated into arbitration in China from its specific historical, cultural and political perspectives, and analyzes how it could impact the contemporary practice of integrating mediation into arbitration in the world.


In this article an attempt has been made to study the cultural factors which affect the architecture through identifying the relationship between the Gilan's culture and its architecture. The obtained results reflected the fact that the related factors such as the proportions, order, component's composition, elements and their relationships and symbols and signs should be considered in the design process, in order to have a relationship between the culture of a society and its architecturally built environments. The results also suggested that Gilan's literature is an expression or indication of those concepts which are related to the theoretical principles, attitudes and perspectives of Gilan's culture; and the reflection of these elements in the design of the "Gilaki" language cultural center can establish a good relationship with its users and also properly represent the culture, civilization and language of Gilan.


Since the early twentieth century, with the increasing development of economy, the invention of Fordism and the accelerating course of urbanization, America has eventually stepped into the threshold of consumer society. According to Jean Baudrillard, a famous French philosopher, an object, besides its use value and the exchange value, has the value of sign. The value of sign embodies an object's "differences" that enable the object to contain some symbolic meanings. Consumption thus becomes "a system which assures the regulation of signs": when people consume an object, they consume the value of sign instead of its materialization or utility. In this way, people convey some important social meanings such as social position, personal tastes, and unique lifestyles through the commodities they purchase. Theoretically, as Saussure's sign theory has claimed that sign can be divided into "signifier" and "signified" whose relationship is arbitrary, Barthes further proposes the idea of "mythology" to explain the creation of sign value; in practice, the advertisements and the fashion system reinforce the power of sign value through the differences of appearance, space and services.


The ion channel Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin like 7 (TRPM7) plays diverse roles in many cell types. Investigation into the function of this channel has been inhibited by the lethality of Trpm7 knock out in model organisms. However, one loss-offunction mutation in trpm7 has been identified in the zebrafish which reveals important functions of the channel in the health of dopaminergic neurons. We find that trpm7 mutants are hypomotile and this defect is responsive to treatment with either levodopa (ldopa) or deferoxamine. We also see that these mutants possess fewer tyrosine hydroxylase positive neurons and that those neurons are hypersensitive to toxic MPP + (1methyl-4-phenylpyridium iodide) exposure. These observations demonstrate that trpm7 is involved in the development or maintenance of dopaminergic neurons.


In this paper, we described an approach for 3D object reconstruction using simulated laser range finder (LRF) data. For the purpose of automatic registration of multiple views of LRF data without apriori knowledge of the views, such as location and direction, planar faces are extracted from the LRF data, and by automatically identifying the corresponding pairs of planar faces, the spatial relationships (the rotation matrixes and the shift vectors) between the views are estimated. To extract planar faces reliably from erroneous LRF data, the MDL (minimum description length) principle is used. In registrating multiple views, two steps-local and global registration-are used to find transformations to avoid the accumulation of registration errors between all the views.


Xenoestrogens are chemicals with diverse structure that mimie estrogen Bisphenol A, a monomer of poIycarbonate and epoxy resins, has been detected in canned food and human saliva Bisphenol A stimulate cell proliferation and induce expression of estrogen- response genes in vitro The purpose of the this study was to evaluate cell proliferation of bisphenol A in the presence of a rat liver S9 mix contaning cytochrome P450 enzymes and Cu (II) The fragmentation of intact DNA, a parameter of apoptotic cell death, was evaluated quantitatively by diphenyladmine reaction method Bisphenol A induced apoptotic cell death in a dose-dependent manner The effest of radical scavenger on the apoptotic cell death induced bisphenol A was investigated The DNA fragmentation induced by bisphenol A was significantly inhibited by addition of radical scavenger to the culture medium This indicated that elevated oxidative stress caused by imbalance between the production and removal of free radical occurred in cells Taken together, these results suggest that free radical reacts with Cu(II) leading oxidative stress


Abstract Contamination of acinar cells in islet preparations has been shown to affect islet viability, functionality and yield adversely. Therefore, a strategy which would reduce acinar contamination in islet preparations is much sought. We here demonstrate selective cytotoxicity of conditioned medium (CM) of MIA Pa Ca‐2 (human pancreatic carcinoma) cells to acinar cells and suitability of this approach as a simple method of obtaining a pure islet population without affecting their viability and yield. When isolated, islet preparations from BALB/c mice were exposed to conditioned media of MIA Pa Ca‐2, acinar cells underwent extensive degeneration to yield 80–85 % pure islet population, and islets showed comparable viability to controls not exposed to conditioned media. They also maintained their normal morphology, as assessed by digital image analysis. Islets treated with a conditioned medium also preserved in vitro insulin secretion. Flow cytometric analysis of acinar cells treated with conditioned media revealed accelerated DNA damage (45 %), compared to controls (22 %). Results emphasize the role of factors secreted by MIA Pa Ca‐2 cells in inducing selective toxicity to acinar cells.


The hybrid turbine is mainly a Darrieus turbine. But for compensating the non-selfstarting and stall characteristics, a Savonius rotor is attached to the shaft within the closed space formed by the rotating Darrieus blades. Two rotors of the hybrid turbine interfere with each other through the air flow. For the existence of the interference, the output characteristics can not derive from simple parallel connection of each rotor output. In interference, the effect of rotating Darrieus rotor to Savonius rotor is obtained as the flow velocity distribution affecting to the Savonius rotor through the calculation concerning to Strickland's simple streamtube model. On the effect of rotating Savonius rotor, they observed the flow pattern around the Savonius rotor applying the flow visualization technique on the rotor model in the water circulating open channel. By introducing some assumptions, they estimations of effective output characteristics were tried for each rotor. And the output characteristics of the hybrid turbine are derived in the form of "parallel connection" i.e. common speed-torque sum. The estimated output characteristics of the hybrid turbine give a good coincidence to the experimental results in the wind tunnel.


Many studies have been done about the treatment of KCOT, but the recurrence rate still remains high despite the combination of surgical techniques used, associated with or without the use chemical solutions such as Carnoy's solution or Cryosurgery. Currently, there is no consensus concerning the therapeutic choice for the KCOT. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the different treatment methods used for the management of KCOT in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University and the results obtained from those treatment methods. Settings and Design: Clinical study was done at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University. Materials and Methods: Analytical retrospective review of 63 cases treated surgically from 2009 to 2015 at the Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University. All cases diagnosed as KCOT and registered in the archives were used. The level of statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Results: Of the 63 cases, 55.56% were male and 44.44% female. The sex ratio was 1.25 in favor of male and the average age was 42 years. 81% of the lesions were located in the mandible. Of 40 cases treated by enucleation with peripheral ostectomy, curettage and electric cauterization with application of 2% iodine tincture, no recurrence was found. Of 20 cases treated by the same surgical method but without the application of 2% iodine tincture, recurrence was found in 3 cases (4.76%). 3 cases treated by resection had no recurrence. Significant relation between recurrence and type of treatment was found (P < 0.05). Conclusion: In our series, those cases that were treated by combination of surgical methods used with 2% iodine tincture showed an "improvement" in the reduction of recurrence, suggesting a future question to be examined in experimental study is to test the effectiveness of 2% iodine tincture.


Objective: To research the effect of ordansetron on reducing postoperative nausea and vomiting(PONV) in different dose by different path during patient controlled epidural analgesia(PCEA).Methods:120 gynaecolygy patients,in ASA status I~II,scheduled for lower abdominal surgery were double-blind randomly divided into 6 groups.4mg or 8mg ordansetron was injected in vein or(and) PCEA pump.All incidence of nausea and vomiting and the score of nausea and vomiting in 24h postoperation were recorded.Results:Injection of ordansetron could reduce the incidence ratio of PONV,and the dose of 8mg could get satisfactory effect,and injection of ordansetron 4mg both in vein and PCEA pump could get the best effect.Conclusion:Ordansetron can effectively reduce the incidence of PONV,the therapy plan with the injection of ordansetron 4mg both in vein and PCEA pump can obtain the best effect.


The publication in 1615 of Miguel de Cervantes' Ocho comedias y ocho entremeses nuevos, nunca representados, marks the year in which the entremés evolves from the position of an unwritten expression of popular Spanish lore in the form of a dramatic representation to the level of the written work. Through the textualization of the entremés, Cervantes has created a literary genre that is not a prisoner of its own period due to its exclusively dramatic — thus ephemeral — form, but an open, enduring work that because of its textual realization, precludes closure and becomes an infinite text, thus liberated from the social and historical constraints of its time. At the same time, by removing the entremés from its traditional framework provided by the comedia, the author disassembles a once intimate relationship and builds a new dramatic context around his work, one that, to a great extent, is the reader's job to provide. In order to accomplish this, Cervantes employs within the entremés a cast of traditional figures inspired by oral tradition, folklore, and particularly those popularized by Lope de Rueda. These well-known characters are then coupled with allusions to actual historical events that would be immediately recognized by Cervantes' contemporaries. However, Cervantes takes this new framework one step further by incorporating characters that are not traditionally part of the entremés and consequently lack the body of connotations that characterize more traditional figures. In the case of El vizcaíno fingido, the entremés is recreated by means of an illusory but apparently omniscient character, Solórzano, who works within the entremés itself in order to carefully and deliberately orchestrate the events that transpire through the course of the play.


Automated and specific picking of selenium-containing molecular entities has not been an obvious option for software tools associated with electrospray high resolution mass spectrometry. In our study, a comprehensive pattern matching approach based on intra-isotopologue distance and isotopologue ratio data was critically evaluated in terms of reproducibility and selenium isotope selection on three samples, including selenised Torula yeast and the selenium hyperaccumulator plant Cardamine violifolia. Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography was applied to provide a one-step separation for water soluble metabolites to put an end to the need for either orthogonal setups or poor retention on reversed phase chromatography. Assistance from ICP-MS was taken only for chromatographic verification purposes, and the involvement of absolute mass defect data in selenometabolite specific screening was assessed by multivariate statistical tools. High focus was placed on screening efficiency and on the validation of discovered selenised molecules to avoid reporting of artefacts. From the >1000 molecular entries detected, selenium-containing molecules were picked up with a recovery rate of > 88% and a false positive rate of < 10%. Isotop(ologu)e pairs of 78Se-80Se and 80Se-82Se proved to be the most performant in the detection. On the basis of accurate mass information and hypothetical deamination processes, elemental composition could be proposed for 72 species out of the 75 selenium species encountered without taking into account selenocompound databases. Absolute mass defect data were used to significantly differentiate a potentially sample-specific subgroup of false positive molecular entities from non-selenised and selenised entities.


NASA's Glenn Research Center in Cleveland invites the public to discuss the upcoming demolition of a section of its Building 35 Complex on the Lewis Field campus during an informational meeting at the Cuyahoga County North Olmsted Public Library on Thursday, Feb. 22.


Until recently, the benefits derived from treating dyslipidaemia in the elderly had not been established, as most trials demonstrating a reduction in events related to coronary heart disease have been biased towards younger patients. However, there is now evidence to suggest that age alone should no longer be considered a barrier to the instigation of lipid modifying therapies. Large clinical trials involving drugs of the statin class (HMG‐CoA reductase inhibitors) have shown that there is no diminution of the effects of statin therapy with advancing age, even for patients aged up to 80 years. Although it has not been proven in controlled trials, elderly patients may even derive a greater benefit compared to younger patients, as the absolute risk of coronary heart disease increases with age. Furthermore, the statins reduce the risk of stroke and possibly reduce the chances of developing dementia. This review summarises therapies available for treating dyslipidaemia and possible modifications required in managing elderly patients. Methods of assessing an individual's overall risk for coronary heart disease and the use of this risk assessment as a guide to the selection of patients for treatment are also discussed.


Babies are prominent in Menander to a degree that is unusual in ancient drama. It is clear from the fact that they entered the iconography that the scenes in which they appear were memorable for the audience. Babies provide, by their actual presence on stage, or by means of reactions to their existence, powerful reminders of such important themes as Athenian male anxieties about illegitimacy or the dangers that might pose a threat to one's freeborn status and privileges. They also provide the means of creating, at one end of the spectrum, pathos, and, at the other end, farce. Whether on stage, or off stage, or as the subject of dialogue and monologue, they constitute a coherent link in the action. Most importantly, however, in Samia and Epitrepontes, at least, they act as a touchstone for the characterization.


Clients are the most valuable asset of a company. Therefore, retaining them is a vital part of the strategy inside any organization. Nowadays, services, products and added value are constantly evolving, which makes it critical to possess a strategy for retaining customers. Based on existing historic data in combination with tech tools of processing data for machine learning (ML), we show how to make knowledge extraction in a powerful manner. In this project, we implement the


Single occurrence regular expressions (SORE) are a special kind of deterministic regular expressions, which are extensively used in the schema languages DTD and XSD for XML documents. In this paper, with motivations from the simplification of XML schemas, we consider the SORE-definability problem: Given a regular expression, decide whether it has an equivalent SORE. We investigate extensively the complexity of the SORE-definability problem: We consider both (standard) regular expressions and regular expressions with counting, and distinguish between the alphabets of size at least two and unary alphabets. In all cases, we obtain tight complexity bounds. In addition, we consider another variant of this problem, the bounded SORE-definability problem, which is to decide, given a regular expression E and a number M (encoded in unary or binary), whether there is an SORE, which is equivalent to E on the set of words of length at most M. We show that in several cases, there is an exponential decrease in the complexity when switching from the SORE-definability problem to its bounded variant.


TO THE EDITOR—In a recent prospective cohort study, it was found that the halflife of antibodies against Plasmodium falciparum antigens was longer in infected pregnant women, compared with uninfected pregnant women [1]. This phenomenon could not be explained by exposure to P. falciparum infection. An important factor in determining the response to infections during pregnancy is the dominance of T-helper cell 2 (Th2)– driven immunity and the effects of its associated cytokine interleukin 4 (IL-4) [2]. Antibodies are cleared from the circulation after interaction of their Fc segment with Fc receptors on cell populations, including the mononuclear phagocyte system, mainly in the liver and spleen [3]. Receptors for immunoglobulin G (IgG) are categorized into subtypes hFc-RI, II, and III, which bind IgG subclasses, with a high affinity for IgG1 and IgG3 but not IgG2 and IgG4 [4]. The expression of all 3 receptor types is downregulated by IL–4 [5]. A reduction of the clearance of immunoglobulins by downregulation of Fc receptors may explain the differences in the half-life of antibodies in infected pregnant women, compared with uninfected pregnant women, because infection will trigger increased IL-4 release. The long half-life of antibodies during pregnancy may be a temporary state of reduced clearance induced by the Th2 dominance during pregnancy and not carry over to future pregnancies. Further research needs to explore whether the antibody response to merozoite antigens is particularly short-lived because the response predominantly involves IgG3 or IgG1 antibodies with a higher affinity to Fc receptors, leading to exceptionally rapid clearance. Future research also needs to investigate the correlation between Fc-receptor density on circulating monocytes and half-life of antibodies to P. falciparum in pregnant women.


A test bed type astronaut maneuvering unit was designed and evaluated with the assistance of Martin Marietta's six degree of freedom simulator. Four different control modes were developed for this unit for test and evaluation inside Skylab's 22 foot diameter orbital workshop. The orbital tests have provided the experience and technology base necessary for space Shuttle and space station astronaut maneuvering unit design requirements. This paper is an overview of the M509 experiment hardware, procedures, and results with emphasis on the comparison between on-orbit test results and the six degree of freedom simulator. The simulator was used to develop the unit's design requirements, evaluate the control logic parameters, and for developing maneuvers and training the crew. The simulator will also be flown by the Skylab crews in May for post flight evaluation and simulator calibration. (Films of the simulations and on-orbit flight are available as part of this presentation.)


Abstract : The Army Vision for the Objective Force calls for revolutionizing the way in which Army forces are supported. Streamlining procedures, improving efficiency, and reducing the support footprint have become top priorities for the Combat Service Support community. These mandates are particularly fitting for the Adjutant General (AG) Corps, whose antiquated personnel support systems and redundant Cold War bureaucracy have become more of a liability than an asset to the combat commander. To remain relevant to the force, the AG Corps must streamline its personnel support doctrine and organizational design. This monograph explores the possibility of accomplishing this by including the AG officer in the multifunctional logistician family. In doing so, this monograph searches for relevance of the Adjutant General Corps on the battlefield and ultimately answers the question: Should the Adjutant General Corps officer be aligned with the Functional Area 90 (FA90) Multifunctional Logistician? This monograph traces the evolution of the terms logistics and Combat Service Support demonstrating how the synonymous use of the terms resulted in confusion as to how to organize the Army's support forces. A clear case in point being the exclusion of AG officers from the Multifunctional Logistician Career Field even though they are routinely categorized as logisticians. By comparing and contrasting current and emerging support doctrine, organization, and leader development this monograph provides insight into why AG officers are currently excluded from the Multifunctional Logistician Career Field, and whether or not alignment would be desirable in the future. The monograph concludes that aligning the Adjutant General Officer Corps with the Multifunctional Logistician Career Field is not desirable for four reasons. First and foremost, AG officers should not align


The human resource accounting is a new branch of the accounting field. This paper discusses on the necessity of promoting the human resource accounting in China, introduces the confirmation of the human resource and the metrology of the human resource accounting, and points out some problems needing attention in promoting the human resource accounting in China.


[Objective]To observe curative effect to lung disease after acupoint application in three dogdays and three nine-days. [Methods]60 patients(13 cases of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(copd),14 cases of chronic bronchitis,25 cases of bronchial asthma,4 cases of chronic cor pulmonale,4 cases of interstitial lung disease) take acupoint application in three dogdays and three nine-days. Observe and accumulate clinical symptoms. Judge curative effect after 1 course of treatment. Follow up for half a year,pay attention to frequency of breaking out and it's degree. [results]29 cases were markedly effective,23 cases were effective,8 showed no effect,the total effective rate was 86.67%. [Conclusion]Acupoint application in three dogdays and three nine-days which is used to treat lung disease,showing high satisfactory of curative effect but without side effect,is worth promoting.


: Process Failure Mode Effects Analysis (PFMEA) is a well-defined process of identifying and analysing the process failure risks and assessing the effects of the same. This process is generally carried out in any organization by a cross functional team of different departments within the organisation. One of the main steps in any PFMEA is the 6M analysis and its conventional analysis. Although the process is extremely important in the organisation, it is extremely tedious and time consuming. To overcome this issue, this paper aims at reducing the time taken by the process by changing the analysis procedure in the 6M analysis.


The invention relates to a conductive fiber material comprising a base fiber material (1) including a textile fiber, a plurality of nanoparticles (20) deposited on an external surface (10) of said base fiber material, said nanoparticles including one or more metals or metal oxides and a conductive polymer layer deposited on said external surface including nanoparticles.


A large amount of bolt connections are frequently used in WTG. Combining characteristic of WTG bolt connection, with the connection of pitch bearing inner circle and blade as the research object, using finite element method, build multiple connection model, adopt multi-point constraints and nonlinear contact for finite element analysis, research on bolt rod element types, connections of each component and the establishment of contact, acquire the analysis result of different fine degrees from bolt stress to thread contact stress, puts forward the feasible finite element analysis scheme of wind generator bolt connection.


Objective The clinical effect was researched that using 5% mannitol injection as irrigating solution prevent transurethral resection (TURS) in senile patients during the transurethral resection of prostate (TUVP) of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) patients. Methods 92 BPH patients,ASA Ⅰ~Ⅲ degree,between 70 and 94 years old in our hospital were fractionated into two random groups. A was experiment group,irrigating solution was 5% mannitol injection. B was control group,irrigating solution was 5% amylaceum injection.Combined spinal-epidural anesthesia or epidural anesthesia was used in the two groups. Venous blood were phlebotomized in order to detect serum natrium(Na+),serum potassium(K+),blood glucose(Glu),haematoglobin (Hb) and Hct in T0,T30 and T60,MAP and Heart Rate was detected during operation. TURS incidence,OP time,irrigating solution dosage and transfusion dosage were recorded. Results It was not significant(P0.05)in MAP、HR、Na+、K+、Glu、Hb、Hct of A group compare to preoperative. However it was significant (P0.05) in MAP、Na+、Hb、Hct of B group in T60,Glu was high in T0 and significant high(P0.01) in T60. In three time points,there were significant deviation(P0.05)about MAP、Hb、Hct in T60 ,there was more significant deviation(P0.01)about Glu in T60.TURS was found in A group,four TURS in B group was 8%. Conclusion 5% mannitol injection as irrigating solution in TUVP can decrease absorption of irrigating solution and decrease TURS incidence in senile patients compared with 5% amylaceum injection.


The article considers the development of special working capacity of skiers-racers with the use of work-rest regimes, which is an effective means of selective influence on the indicators of general and special working capacity, coordination structure of movements, reactions of body service systems.
The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of different modes of alternation of work with rest and the tasks of action in the training lesson when using the segment of 1000-2000 m on the change of individual elements of technology, speed, speed endurance when overcoming climbs.
Objective of the study: to determine the cumulative effect of the use of different modes of alternation of work with rest on the change of the main indicators of special performance of skiers in the process of training lessons.
The research methodology consisted of the use of repeated functional loads.
A technical and tactical model of competitive behavior at a distance in the process of training and competition depending on the conditions and relief of the competitive distance is proposed.
A comparative analysis of the effectiveness of the use of training programs at different stages of sports training showed the advantage of the method of development of special ability to work, based on the principle of selective and variable influence of lesson models with known effects on the athlete.
The results of research allow us to create models of training lessons that selectively affect different body systems and contribute to more accurate management of the development of special working ability.
The use of these models in the general structure of the methodology for the development of special working capacity creates an opportunity to comprehensively influence the person as a complex organized system of self-regulation.
The practical use of the research results optimizes the process of sports training management for a longer period of time.


e11091 Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TN) is focused as a new subgroup with worse tumor biology. TN are defined to be negative for estrogen, progesteron and erbB 2-expression. About 15%...


Two-point fermionic propagators in strongly-correlated media are considered with an emphasis on the dynamical interaction kernels of their equations of motion (EOM). With the many-body Hamiltonian confined by a two-body interaction, the EOMs for the two-point fermionic propagators acquire the Dyson form and, before taking any approximation, the interaction kernels decompose into the static and dynamical (time-dependent) contributions. The latter translate to the energy-dependent and the former map to the energy-independent terms in the energy domain. We dwell particularly on the energy-dependent terms, which generate long-range correlations while making feedback on their short-range static counterparts. The origin, forms, and various approximations for the dynamical kernels of one-fermion and two-fermion propagators, most relevant in the intermediate-coupling regime, are discussed. Applications to the electromagnetic dipole response of $^{68,70}$Ni and low-energy quadrupole response of $^{114,116,124}$Sn are presented.


The invention refers to a displaying method and a portable device. The displaying method for a portable device having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface is provided. The portable device includes a first display device configured on the first surface, and a detachable rear cover covers the second surface. A second display device is configured on the detachable rear cover. In the displaying method, a function launching signal is received to execute a function corresponding to the signal, and a frame corresponding to the executed function is displayed on the first display device. An input signal is received to select a portion of the frame, and the selected portion of the frame is transmitted to the second display device. The selected portion of the frame is displayed on the second display device.


but is a distinctively ethical project. While ethicists are thus tasked with determining which features are morally salient, it is the job of scientists—those working in neuroscience, certainly, but also those working in other fields—to determine which individuals are characterized by these features. Philosophers can help us clarify what we mean by consciousness or sentience. Ethicists can tell us that consciousness or sentience matters. But we must look to empirical resources to determine which entities are conscious or sentient. We cannot determine which individuals have which features through mere reflection. That work is distinctively the purview of the sciences. For example: in this issue, Koroshetz and Grady, Chiong, and Goering and Klein all consider ways in which empirical work has helped us understand the neuroscience of non-human animal primates, and thereby helped us better understand our moral obligations to these animals. Johnson goes so far as to argue that we have arrived at "a moment in history when the sentience, consciousness, intelligence, agency, and even the moral agency of many nonhuman animals can no longer be questioned without ignoring centuries of accumulated scientific knowledge." For example, research into avian and octopi consciousness (see, e.g., Edelman et al. 2005; Godfrey-Smith 2016) raises important ethical questions in addition to those questions about non-human animal primates addressed by other authors in this issue. Importantly, however, is that morally-salient features cannot resolve these kinds of issues. The framework leaves open ethical questions about precisely which features are morally salient, as well as empirical questions about what individuals are characterized by those features. Still, we hope that the idea of morallysalient features proves clarifying in at least the following ways: First, our discussion provides a framework for the integration of neuroscience and neuroethics called for by the BRAIN 2.0 Neuroethics Report. In particular, it suggests that scientists, ethicists, and philosophers working in these fields face distinct tasks. Philosophers and ethicists, on the one hand, are tasked with identifying which features are morally salient and providing conceptual clarity about what these features consist of. Scientists, on the other hand, are tasked with identifying which individuals are characterized by these features. Of course, many scholars work in both these roles, and many projects consider both kinds of questions simultaneously. On the ground, the labor is rarely divided neatly. Conceptually, however, we hope our framework provides clarity for how work in neuroscience and neuroethics might be integrated. Second, we hope the framework makes the stakes of revolving certain debates clear. Take, for example, the issue of our obligations to non-human animal primates, a topic explored by several of the contributors to this issue. The framework we have provided suggests what is necessary to resolve these debates, even though the framework does not itself do this work. In particular, to clarify our obligations to non-human animal primates, we must clarify what features nonhuman primates are characterized by (an empirical project) and clarify which of these features are morally salient (an ethical project). Third, the framework charts the implications of this kind of exploration. For example, if we learn that human and non-human animal primates share a feature, and if we identify this feature as a morallysalient feature (perhaps it justifies a certain obligation to research with human subjects), it follows that we have the same obligation to non-human animal primates. Unless, of course, there is some further morally salient feature that justifies treating non-human animal primates differently. The BRAIN 2.0 Neuroethics Report challenges those working in neuroscience and neuroethics to integrate their work. This call to an interdisciplinary research program is exciting, and if fostered, will inevitably expand our moral and empirical visions. The idea of morally salient features does not in itself provide us with this vision, but it may help provide the clarity needed to bring it into view.


The invention discloses a dynamic temperature control system for controlling temperature of a working component of rubber equipment. The system comprises a medium circulating loop, a medium supply pipeline, a medium discharge pipeline and an overflow loop, wherein the medium circulating loop consists of a circulating pump, a medium heater and the working component connected by a pipeline; the medium supply pipeline is communicated with the medium circulating loop at the water inlet of the circulating pump; the medium discharge pipeline is communicated with the medium circulating loop at the water outlet of the working component; the medium discharge pipeline is provided with a switching device for sensing working medium temperature in the medium circulating loop; and the overflow pipeline is communicated with the medium circulating loop between the medium discharge pipeline and the medium supply pipeline. The system cancels the traditional medium cooler, changes indirect cooling into direct cooling, increases the circulating flow of the working medium, improves the heat exchange efficiency and reduces energy consumption.


R. D. Evans: Miss Clarke's paper dealing with the use of equivalent circuits for analyzing static stability, is of very considerable interest. Probably the most important contribution in the paper is the method of using an equivalent circuit to obtain the angle between generator and motor for maximum power. I believe this general method will find extensive use.


A power-driven multi-bottle infusion device is provided with a medicine changing valve, a power-driven pushing rod and a controller. When multiple kinds of liquid medicine need to be used for treating a patient through infusion, a nurse enables a plurality of liquid medicine bottles and the medicine changing valve to be connected. When liquid medicine of a first medicine liquid bottle is totally used, the patient or an accompanying person uses a remote-control unit of the controller to control a pushing rod body of the power-driven pushing rod to push a valve core to move, a liquid guide hole of the valve core is used for connecting liquid medicine of a next liquid medicine bottle to an infusion apparatus, so that the infusion apparatus is used for conducting infusion on the patient. The operation is repeated, so that medicine liquid of a last liquid medicine bottle is connected to the infusion apparatus. Therefore, the problem that manpower of nurses is not enough is solved.


The efficacy of a new topical antiinfective agent, mupirocin in different vehicles, was compared with that of oral erythromyc in.The relative activity of Mupirocin in topically applied formulations using different vehicles (ointment and cream) versus oral erythromycin was evaluated by antimicrobial activity studies. Vehicles can play a great role in enhancin g drug release and imparting superior antimicrobial activity when the drug was e ntirely solubilized. Furthermore, drug release and in vivo response demonstrated the usefulness of in vitro release studies in predicting vehicle effi cacy. The evaluation of ointment and Mupirocin cream vehicles with oral erythromycin were studied in experimental skin infections. A mouse surgical wound model infected with Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes was used. Topical Mupirocin treatment was applied at 4 and 10 h postinfection oral erythromycin treatment at a c linically relevant dose was administered 4, 8, and 12 h postinfection; treatments were continued three times daily for a further 3 days. Mupirocin c ream was significantly more effective than ( P < 0.01; two of eight studies) Mupirocin ointment in reducin g bacterial numbers. Mupirocin cream was similar in e fficacy to oral erythromycin. .Mupirocin cream had efficacy to agai nst S. aureus but was significantly superior against S. pyogenes (P < 0.01). A hamster impetigo model infected with S. aureus was also used. Topical Mupirocin or oral erythromycin treatment was administered at 24 and 30 h postinfec tion (also 36 h postinfection for oral therapy) and then three times daily for a further 2 days. On day 5, Mupirocin cream was significantly more effective than Mupirocin ointment in the study (P < 0.01). In impetigo infection Mupirocin cream was significa ntly superior (P < 0.01) to oral erythromycin against S. aureus .


Flood hazards result in enormous casualties and huge economic losses every year in the Pearl River Basin (PRB), China. It is, therefore, crucial to monitor floods in PRB for a better understanding of the flooding patterns and characteristics of the PRB. Previous studies, which utilized hydrological data were not successful in identifying flooding patterns in the rural and remote regions in PRB. Such regions are the key supplier of agricultural products and water resources for the entire PRB. Thus, an analysis of the impacts of floods could provide a useful tool to support mitigation strategies. Using 66 Sentinel-1 images, this study employed Otsu's method to investigate floods and explore flood patterns across the PRB from 2017 to 2020. The results indicated that floods are mainly located in the central West River Basin (WRB), middle reaches of the North River (NR) and middle reaches of the East River (ER). WRB is more prone to flood hazards. In 2017, 94.0% flood-impacted croplands were located in WRB; 95.0% of inundated croplands (~9480 hectares) were also in WRB. The most vulnerable areas to flooding are sections of the Yijiang, Luoqingjiang, Qianjiang, and Xunjiang tributaries and the lower reaches of Liujiang. Our results highlight the severity of flood hazards in a rural region of the PRB and emphasize the need for policy overhaul to enhance flood control in rural regions in the PRB to ensure food safety.


Tensairity is a new concept for lightweight structures, where compression and tension are physically separated. In a typical Tensairity beam (Fig. 1), an airbeam is used for pre-tensioning the tension element and for stabilizing the compression element against buckling [1]. First buildings were recently realized with Tensairity, like a roof structure with 28 m span or a skier bridge with 52 m span (Fig. 2). The objectives are to investigate the behaviour of the PVC-coated polyester fabric, which is one of the materials used for the hull of the airbeam, and to model it for finite element analysis of Tensairity girders.


Abstract : The tremendous size of the Siberian land mass, its system of northward leading waterways, and its frozen Arctic coast have historically posed insurmountable geographic barriers to unlocking the region's vast natural economic wealth. Rercognizing the necessity of transportation systems as a prerequisite for the achievement of development as well as for communication and defence, this paper describes specialized Soviet transportation system components which have been matched to their environment and tied together into a comprehensive national transportation system, effectively unlocking the Siberian maritime icebox. Soviet success in this endeavor has geo-strategic ramifications which are noted in the Conclusions of the paper. Recommendations are offered to U.S. and Canadian readers. Contents: Natural Resources and Increasing Siberian Importance; Siberian Transportation Systems and Their Components.


A three-dimensional global chemical transport model is used to study the atmospheric cycling of sulfur compounds emitted by anthropogenic activities. The transport model, which has a resolution of {approximately}265 km, is driven using meteorological fields from a general circulation model. Parameterizations for dry deposition, precipitation scavenging of soluble gases and aerosols, gas-phase oxidation of sulfur dioxide, and in-cloud oxidation of sulfur dioxide to sulfate are included in the model. Up-to-date, seasonally-varying anthropogenic emission inventories from the IGAC/GEIA activity are used. Model results will be evaluated against observations from the EMEFS study over North America, as well as against observations from the EMEP program over Europe. Particular emphasis will be placed on an analysis of the seasonal cycle in the column sulfate loading over Northern Hemisphere mid-latitudes. We will examine various causes such as oxidant-limation, seasonality in emissions, and seasonality in vertical mixing that may contribute to this seasonality. Finally, implications of the seasonality in sulfate aerosol loading on the radiative forcing exerted by these aerosols will be discussed.


This article aims at analysing the aesthetic transformation of Mario de Andrade's works, from de short story "Brasilia", part of the book Primeiro Andar (First Floor), up to the novel Amar, verbo intransitivo (To love, intransitive verb), caused by a Dionysiac process, as discussed in the book The Origin of Tragedy, by Nietzsche. At least two years separate those novels. The recognition, as Brazilians, of our culture was the greatest concern of Mario de Andrade's modernism. This concern influenced his aesthetics, leading to the substitution of the character Iolanda, a French woman present in the short story "Brasilia", for the German Fraulein Elza in the novel Amar, verbo intransitivo (To love, intransitive verb). Other features of this substitution, as a well as the approach between Mario de Andrade and Nietzsche, will also be part of our discussion.


Handheld mobile computing devices are now ubiquitous. These devices are powerful, connected and equipped with a variety of sensors. Their pervasiveness has created an opportunity to realize parametrically controlled, physically modeled, virtual musical instruments. We will present a brief history of physically modeled musical instruments and the platforms that those models have been run on. We will also give an overview of what is currently possible on handheld mobile devices including modeling done in the "moForte Guitar" mobile application. "moForte Guitar" is an application for mobile devices that models the physics of the guitar family of instruments. Modeling makes expressive interactive articulation possible, which cannot be directly achieved with sample playback techniques. Features that are modeled include: electric and acoustic instruments, strumming at various string positions, string scraping and damping, harmonics, glissando, automated modeling of strumming, statistical variation of physical p...


The reaction of 4,4′-bipy with dimethyltin(IV) chloride iso-thiocyanate affords the one-dimensional (1D) coordination polymer, [Me2Sn(NCS)Cl·(4,4′-bipy)]n (1), whereas reaction of dimethyltin(IV) dichloride with sodium pyrazine-2-carboxylate in the presence of potassium iso-thiocyanate affords the two-dimensional (2D) coordination polymer, {[Me2Sn(C4H3N2COO)2]2 [Me2Sn(NCS)2]}n (2). Both coordination polymers were characterized by elemental analysis and infrared spectroscopy in addition to 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy of the soluble coordination polymer (1). A single-crystal structure determination showed that the asymmetric unit in 1 contains Me2Sn(NCS)Cl and 4,4′-bipy moieties and a 1D infinite rigid chain structure forms through bridging of the 4,4′-bipy ligand between tin atoms and the geometry around the tin atom is a distorted octahedral. Coordination polymer 2 contains two distinct tin atom geometrics in which one tin atom is seven coordinate, and the other is six coordinate. The two tin atom environments are best described as a pentagonal bipyramidal in the former and distorted octahedral in the latter where the carboxylate groups bridge the two tin atoms and construct a 2D-coordination polymer. The 119Sn NMR spectroscopy indicates the octahedral geometry of 1 retains in solution. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 22:699–706, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/.20736


The following topics are discussed: A new thermodynamical theory of continuum damage mechanics capable of incorporating non-isothermal processes and of providing explicit expressions for the thermal dissipation during damage evolution; the advancement of the methodology of heterogenization to analyze elastic bodies with defects; and investigations of bonded dissimilar piezoelectric half-spaces.


Recently,most minority areas in western China by the university's graduate students have access to a master's degree-granting.Therefore,ethnic Minorities will have more and more postgraduates.But compared with East Central Universities,the corresponding problems have emerged.In terms of Postgraduate minority of English Entry performance,on average,there are slightly lower than an objective phenomenon,which for graduate students of English language teaching has brought greater difficulties,we must be a useful exploration.


Abstract : The Final Proceedings for Advances in Multimedia and Simulation, 6 November 1997 - 7 November 1997 Multimedia in Information Systems, Multimedia applications in Higher Education, Multimedia applications in Architecture, Videoconferencing including Multimedia, Teleoperation in Virtual Reality, Multimedia and Virtual Environment, Modeling and Simulation of Ground Vehicles, Simulation in Traffic Environment, Flight and Air Traffic Control Simulation, Underwater Simulation, Factory Simulation, Simulation of Medical Systems, Power Plant Simulation and Training, Military and Government Simulation


[Objective] To evaluate drinking water quality using water quality index(WQI) in Pudong New Area, Shanghai. [Methods] Water samples were collected from finished water, trunk pipes and secondary supply systems. Fourteen indices were selected for revised Canadian water quality index(WQI). Backward stepwise logistic regression analyses were performed for sensitivity analysis. [Results] Disqualified samples were identified in all the sampling locations. The number of disqualified indices showed an impact to WQI with the highest degree. Ammonia, turbidity, and CODMn were the indices with the highest disqualified sample counts comparing to the relevant national standards, but iron, manganese, CODMn, and turbidity contributed most to WQI. The quality of drinking water samples sourcing from nearby rivers was the worst with significant disqualified index of ammonia. [Conclusion] Canadian water quality index(WQI) provides an effective way to assess the quality of different water samples and is of significant value in water quality management.


We report a small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) study of the cross-section structure of polymer-like lecithin reverse micelles in deuterated cyclohexane. We demonstrate that the application of the indirect Fourier transformation and square-root deconvolution methods to data from SANS measurements with cylindrical polymer-like micelles allows for a direct verification of the previously postulated geometrical model of flexible tubular structures with a well defined water core and a surfactant shell. By combining contrast variation experiments and data analysis performed on an absolute scale, we quantitatively deduce information on properties such as the extension of the aqueous core and the degree of water penetration into the headgroup and solvent penetration into the tail region.


To the Editor, We congratulate Flukes et al. from Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center for publishing this novel retrospective study depicting outcomes for laryngectomy in locally advanced thyroid cancers. The cohort describes 30 patients with thyroid cancer who underwent total laryngectomy with the aim of gross total excision. Two‐thirds of these patients had undergone previous surgery and therefore had recurrent disease. Nearly half of the cohort had poorly differentiated or anaplastic carcinoma (47%). We stand neutral about the rationale of undertaking such extensive resections in a cohort with these demographics only striving for local control, or if this can be replicated in other centers globally. The Kaplan–Meier (K–M) survival curves are unclear. Survival statistics were calculated from the time of surgery to the occurrence of an event. Considering that two‐thirds of the cohort had received previous treatment, this significantly biases the survival outcomes and impairs their readability. In the K–M curves reported, the 5‐year overall survival plot for well‐differentiated tumors drops below that of poorly differentiated tumors at a point between 4 and 5 years. This seems inconsistent with clinical practice and in the real world where well‐differentiated tumors fare better. The authors mention that at the initial presentation, 16.7% or five patients had distant metastases, and a further 40% or 12 patients developed distant metastases during the study. Also, three patients had failed locally, and two more patients developed nodal recurrences. That means that 22 out of 30 patients had evidence of local or distant failure. Therefore, it would have been interesting to know the disease‐free survival curves for the entire cohort and not just disease‐specific survival. The authors report 5‐year overall survival (OS) and disease‐specific survival (DSS) to be 87.5% and 67.5% for well‐differentiated tumors, 77.8% and 53.3% for poorly differentiated tumors, and 37.5% and 0% for anaplastic tumors respectively. OS includes an event (death) due to any cause, while disease‐specific survival considers death (event) due to the particular disease. It follows that OS can, at best, match DSS but not exceed it. Therefore, a higher OS than DSS is unlikely to be well understood. Some of these issues with survival analysis may have been inadvertently due to the problem of calculating survival outcomes not from the date of the first diagnosis but the date of laryngectomy. While the idea of curative therapy for anaplastic thyroid carcinoma remains controversial and median survival averages a few months,2‐4 the authors should be commended that they report a 5‐year OS of 37.5% in the anaplastic subgroup alone. Even then, the five events in the five patients in the anaplastic subgroup are reported to have occurred just after 20 months. Therefore the conclusion requires further clarification. Lastly, the authors also mention that eight patients received systemic therapy under the broad heading of adjuvant therapy, where, in fact this was given due to distant metastasis. To the best of our knowledge, nonmetastatic thyroid cancers may benefit from adjuvant radioactive iodine (RAI) or radiotherapy, and systemic therapy is usually reserved for RAI‐refractory advanced or metastatic cases.


Coding and inspection equipment is getting smaller, faster and more accurate. This article reports on the latest developments in this increasingly important sector.


I n the acknowledgments section of our article, we erroneously cited support from the UNC Energy Frontier Research Center. Thus, in this correction we redact the following sentence: "We also acknowledge the support of personnel (C.J.F) by the UNC Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC) "Center for Solar Fuels," an EFRC funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Award DE-SC0001011." Addition/Correction


The Exploration Systems Mission Directorate (ESMD) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) sponsors a faculty fellowship program that engages researchers with interests aligned with current ESMD development programs. The faculty-members are committed to run a capstone senior design project based- on the materials and experience gained during the fellowship. For the 2010 - 2011 academic year, 5 projects were approved. These projects are in the areas of mechanical and electrical hardware design and optimization, fault prediction and extra planetary civil site preparation. This work summarizes the projects, describes the student teams performing the work, and comments on the integration of Systems Engineering principles into the projects, as well as the affected course curriculums.


The headaches that simulated subarachnoid haemorrhage in the case report1 might have been a manifestation of the reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS),2 totally unrelated to co-existing primary hypoadrenalism but, conceivably, attributable to concurrent administration of oral contraceptives, which have been cited as a risk factor for RCVS.2 Although the headache is of the thunderclap …


Disclosed is when used beyond the appropriate range of medical devices, notification device with a medical device can be notified to the effect that the use exceeds the appropriate range of the medical device an object of the present invention is to provide a. A and the integrated load value L obtained by integrating the load values acting on the cutting tool 26 used like root canal treatment, compared with a preset replacement standard value E or replacement threshold T relative to the cutting tool 26 a comparison processing unit 41a and a determination processing section 41b determines Te, based on the result of judgment in the comparison processing unit 41a and a determination processing section 41b, and a notification unit 16 for notifying a predetermined operation. .FIELD 1


A 69-year-old woman on long-term immunosuppressive therapy (tacrolimus) for liver transplantation presented to the hospital with headache, nausea and vomiting 2 weeks after a minor closed head injury. Neurological examination was normal but CT imaging was consistent with a 6-mm left frontoparietal subdural collection with minimal mass effect. On the following day, she developed slowed dysarthric speech, word-finding difficulty and paraphasic errors with intact comprehension. She also had a right facial droop and mild pronator drift of the right arm. Her white blood cell count and C-reactive peptide were elevated at 12.2 × 10 9 /L and 121 mg/dl, respectively. Investigations for sei-zure and stroke were negative. On day 3 of her presentation, her language deficit progressed to mutism and she became febrile. Clinically, this case posed several challenges. The phenom-enology suggested localization ipsilateral to the subdural collection, which was unchanged in size on follow-up non-contrast CT head. There was, however, an increase in local mass effect, reflected by increased sulcal effacement adjacent to the collection.


We develop a computationally efficient learning-based forward-backward stochastic differential equations (FBSDE) controller for both continuous and hybrid dynamical (HD) systems subject to stochastic noise and state constraints. Solutions to stochastic optimal control (SOC) problems satisfy the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) equation. Using current FBSDE-based solutions, the optimal control can be obtained from the HJB equations using deep neural networks (e.g., long short-term memory (LSTM) networks). To ensure the learned controller respects the constraint boundaries, we enforce the state constraints using a soft penalty function. In addition to previous works, we adapt the deep FBSDE (DFBSDE) control framework to handle HD systems consisting of continuous dynamics and a deterministic discrete state change. We demonstrate our proposed algorithm in simulation on a continuous nonlinear system (cart-pole) and a hybrid nonlinear system (five-link biped).


The quartz cryatals investigated were: natural Brazilian; "z-growth synthetic," with growth perpendicular to basal plane; and "z-face synthetic, with growth direction perpendicular to the z-minor rhombohedron of the seed plate. The crystals received doses of l0/sup 19/ to 10/sup 20/ nvt. The lattice spacing measurements were made by the back-reflection divergent beam method. The maximum induced strain for the z-cut crystals was approximately 0.6%; whereas, for x-cut crystals it was approximately 1.8%. The large strains found in the x-cut crystals were reflected by the conspicuous break-up of the x-ray line profile into multiple peaks, which is characteristic of a substructure formation. The maximum strain for the z-cut crystals was perpendicular to the c-axis while it varied somewhat for the x-cut crystals. The minimum strain for z-cut crystals was parallel to the c-axis; whereas, that of the x-cut crystals was perpendicular. An irradiation defect mechanism was proposed from a study of the x-ray line profile intensity distribution. (B.O.G.)


Recent years, there has been an increased interest to the conception of micro/nanostructures with unusual radiative properties, especially thermal sources with temporal and/or spatial coherent emission. Such structures are indeed extremely interesting for energy conversion systems, radiative cooling devices,...The present study investigate numerically temporal coherent emission from a very simple structure composed with one stack of germanium and one of silicon carbide. Our investigation shows that, for well-defined thicknesses, this two-stack structure is able to emit in narrow spectral peak.


Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture of Japan, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

 The hemodynamics in the left ventricle (LV) and the ascending aorta (AAO) before and after alcohol septal ablation (ASA) in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) is elucidated.

 Our objective was to evaluate the pattern changes in AAO and intra-LV flow assessed by four-dimensional (4D) flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before and after ASA and to clarify the association between 4D flow MRI-derived hemodynamic characteristics and the peak pressure gradient (PPG) in patients with drug-refractory HOCM.

 In this retrospective observational study, 11 patients with HOCM underwent 4D flow MRI before and a week after ASA. The 4D flow MRI included blood flow visualization and quantification using streamline images. The combined score of vortex and helix in AAO was analyzed. The duration and phase count of the AAO vortex or helix flow [Figure 1a with vortex (yellow allow) before ASA and 1b without vortex after ASA] and the size of the intra-LV anterior vortex (Figure 1c with smaller vortex before ASA and 1d with larger vortex after ASA, both in white circle) were quantified. The correlation between the changes in hemodynamics and the resting PPG at LV outflow tract was also analyzed. We used the paired t-test for the comparison between before and after ASA and the Pearson"s correlation coefficient for the analysis.

 The combined score for the incidence of vortex and/or helix flow in AAO after ASA was significantly lower than that before ASA (1.45 ± 0.52 vs. 1.09 ± 0.30, p = 0.046). The duration (744 ± 291 ms vs. 467 ± 258 ms, p < 0.001) and phase count (14.8 ± 4.4 phases vs. 10.5 ± 5.8 phases, p < 0.001) of the vortex or helix flow in AAO were significantly decreased after ASA. The LV anterior vortex area after ASA was significantly larger than that before ASA (1628 ± 420 mm2 vs. 2974 ± 539 mm2, p = 0.009). The delta phase count of the AAO vortex or helix before and a week after ASA was significantly correlated with delta PPG before and a week after ASA (Figure 2a; R = 0.79,  p = 0.004) and with delta PPG before and 6 months after ASA (Figure 2b; R = 0.83, p = 0.002).

 Lower vortex or helix flow in AAO and larger diastolic vortex flow in LV were observed after ASA, which suggests the possibility to detect the changes of aberrant hemodynamics in HOCM. Abstract Figure. Streamline images before and after ASA


Noodles were prepared using wheat flour with 0 _ 20% (w/w) added powdered gluten, and the transient changes in their moisture content during cooking were measured. Kinetic analysis of the water sorption process during cooking indicated that the process occurred in two distinct stages for all of the noodles. Water diffusion and consequent starch gelatinization predominantly controlled water sorption during the early stage, while relaxation of the gluten network structure was rate-limiting for the water sorption process during the latter stage. The moisture content, at which the rate-limiting factor for the water sorption process changed, was lower for the wheat noodles having a higher gluten content. Thus, it was suggested that the change in the gluten network structure induced by the addition of gluten to wheat flour affected the water sorption behavior of wheat noodles.


This study aims to improve students' science process skills that learned by inquiry training learning model. This study is quasi-experimental. The study population were students of class XI SMA Al Fityan Medan. Sample selection is done randomly to randomize the class. The instrument used is a sheet consisting of science process skills such as observation checklist sheet. The results of this study stated that students' science process skills can improve through the inquiry training learning model through its phases.


This report documents a residential pilot study designed to test procedures for conducting the full-scale Residential Base Case Study for the End-Use Load and Conservation Assessment Program (ELCAP). This program, which is sponsored by the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA), will provide electrical energy use data on a variety of buildings and residences within the BPA's service area. The residential studies will meter approximately 600 residences throughout the Pacific Northwest. Four specific tasks were tested in the pilot study: recruitment of residences, installation of the metering equipment, acquisition of data from the metering equipment, and data management. Each of these tasks will be part of the full-scale study that will be completed for BPA's service region. The pilot study was designed to simulate, within reason, the actual conditions that would be encountered during the full-scale study.


Presented during the Dept. of Earth & Environmental Sciences seminar on September 19, 2018. Access these online resources on campus or from home!


Delirium and dementia (now subsumed under the label of neurocognitive disorders) are often referred to as organic brain syndromes, and this chapter reviews these disorders at length. Delirium is usually brief and reversible. It is defined as an impairment in consciousness (i.e., reduced awareness of the environment) and memory (i.e., reduced recent memory). It is a topic of particular medical interest currently. Amnestic disorders are rare and characterized as disorders of memory. Dementias are frequently progressive, and chances of recovery are rare except for several uncommon illnesses. Dementias are characterized by impairment in consciousness and inattention, orientation, memory, and other intellectual or cognitive functioning. Because many of these dementing disorders (Alzheimer's, Pick's, and Lewy body diseases) have neurological findings previously described at autopsy, historical review is provided.


The continuous shuttling of dissolved polysulfides between the electrodes is the primary cause for the rapid decay of lithium-sulfur batteries. Modulation of the separator-electrolyte interface through separator modification is a promising strategy to inhibit polysulfide shuttling. In this work, we develop a graphene oxide and ferrocene co-modified polypropylene (PP) separator with multi-functionality at the separator-electrolyte interface. The graphene oxide on the functionalized separator could physically adsorb the polysulfide, while the ferrocene component could effectively facilitate the conversion of the adsorbed polysulfide. Due to the combination of these beneficial functionalities, the separator exhibits excellent battery performance, with a high reversible capacity of 409 mAh g-1 after 500 cycles at 0.2 C. We anticipate that the combinatorial separator functionalization proposed herein is an effective approach for improving the performance of lithium-sulfur batteries.


Abstract A series of 1,3,5-triazine derivatives that contain aniline, 4-hydroxy-N-methylquinolone and different piperazine and piperidine moieties as substituents on the carbon atoms of the triazine ring has been synthesized by a simple and efficient synthetic protocol. Comparative studies were performed on the compounds, which were synthesized with conventional and microwave heating methods. The microwave method was observed to be more beneficial as it provides an increase in yield and 90%–95% reduction time. The antimicrobial activity of the compounds was tested against seven bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, Salmonella typhi, Proteus vulgaris) and two fungi (Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans). The results indicate that some of the novel s-triazines have noteworthy activity in MIC and agar diffusion tests.


The first oil and gas lease sale on Federal Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) lands in the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) was held in 1954. Since that historic sale, there have been 57 other oil and gas lease sales in the GOM Region. Approximately 25,720 wells have been drilled on these leases through 1987. From 1953 through 1986, approximately 3,890 oiland gas-related structures have been installed and 455 have been removed on the Federal OCS. The National Research Council (1985) projected that approximately 2,600 of the oiland gas-related structures in use today will be removed by the year 2000. (See the figure following the text.)


The body of information concerning carbon-carbon spin-spin coupling constants now includes a large number of coupling constants, the establishment of a dihedral angular dependence on 3JCC, and the application of 3JCC to conformational analysis. This study adds another dimension to the growing wealth of information associated with 13 C-NMR: the influence of some non-bonded interactions on 3JCC Four types of non-bonded interactions that could influence vicinal carbon-carbon NMR coupling constants were investigated. To facilitate the NMR studies, a variety of 13C-labeled compounds were synthesized.


This article presents low‐profile configurations of the Fresnel zone plate antenna at Ka‐band. The investigation involved progressively reducing the focal distance of the antenna through simulations and observing the effect on the directivity, radiation patterns, and aperture efficiency. The number of metal zones was also varied in the simulations. It was found that focal distances below 0.75λ yielded little more directivity than the feed itself. With a single zone, the 1.25λ focal distance achieved the highest overall aperture efficiency of 24%, which was a significant improvement over the larger focal distance cases. Measurements were performed to verify the simulated results. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 2039–2043, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23593