A method for achieving optimization of the Maritime OMR shield based on fast neutron removal theory is presented. A comparison of fluxes obtained using this method with the results of experimental measurements performed in the BSR and STR shields indicates that the method can achieve sufficient accuracy in the hydrogenous portions of a shield, but fails in the non-hydrogenous regions. Although it is recommended that other methods should be investigated in future neutron penetration methods studies, it is concluded that the methods developed can achieve reasonably accurate preliminary shield optimization with a minimum of effort, a virtue which adds further impetus to their utilization. (auth)


Modification of proteins by the addition of lysine (K)-63-linked polyubiquitin (polyUb) chains is suggested to play important roles in a variety of cellular events, including DNA repair, signal transduction, and receptor endocytosis. However, identifying such modifications in living cells is complex and cumbersome. We have generated a monoclonal antibody (mAb) that specifically recognizes K63-linked polyUb, but not any other isopeptide-linked (K6, K11, K27, K29, K33, or K48) polyUb or monoubiquitin. We demonstrate the sensitivity and specificity of this K63Ub-specific mAb to detect K63Ub-modified proteins in cell lysates by Western blotting and in cells by immunofluorescence, and K63Ub-modified TRAF6 and MEKK1 in vitro and ex vivo. This unique mAb will facilitate the analysis of K63-linked polyubiquitylation ex vivo and presents a strategy for the generation of similar reagents against other forms of polyUb.


This paper is concerned with the analysis of the theoretical and experimental circumstances of the linear, quasi-linear, strictly non-linear and wave phenomena of purely dissipative transport processes. The most fundamental relations of local equilibrium thermodynamics are treated in a general form. The quasi-linear approach of the Onsager-theory of purely dissipative transport processes is given together with the supplementary relations of the Onsagerian and Maxwellian symmetries, basically important in the exact quasi-linear theory. Two different representations between them are discussed. A new type of constitutive equations for continuous media with kinetic energy is obtained as a direct consequence of the original Onsager-Casimir-Machlup theory developed only for discontinuous systems. By means of these new constitutive equations two complete sets of the equations of motion for continua with kinetic energy are attained, adequate reduced forms of which represent two complete sets of thermodynamical wave equations. It is evident from the theory that the Cattaneo-Vernotte constitutive equation is an extremely special and ad hoc form of the exact equation given within the framework of Onsagerian thermodynamics. Finally, some explicit forms of the theory are analysed with respect to thermal, electromagnetic and diffusional waves. Introduction • In 1970 Meixner made the following remarks on the theory of heat conduction in solids [1]: a) There seems to be experimental evidence that Fourier's law of heat conduction does not give a reasonably accurate description of this phenomenon. 1 Dedicated to Professor Dr. Ilya Prigogine on the occasion of his 60 birthday. J. Non-Equilib. Thermodyn., Vol. 2, 1977, No. 4


The current interpretation system of China's criminal law consists of uniform and judicial interpretations.The so-called uniform interpretation is made up of various governmental sectors and departments.From the perspective of constitutionality,only the interpretations made by the National People's Congress and the Supreme Court are lawful,while those by others including the Supreme Procuratorate,the Central Government and its sectors or departments are unlawful.From the perspective of constitutionalism,that the Congress is empowered to interpret law does actually misunderstand the rule of popular sovereignty resulting in that the criminal law should not have been interpreted ultimately by the Congress.According to the rule of constitutionalism,the criminal law shall be interpreted by the Supreme Court passively case by case.In case of judicial independence,judges shall be empowered to interpret the law.


A terbium(III) complex exhibits efficient selectivity for proximal diphosphorylation of peptides, accompanied with remarkable luminescence enhancement in the presence of Zn(II) ions in both buffer and protein extraction solutions from brain homogenates of mice.


Water vapor adsorption on SiO2–LiBr sol–gel materials strongly depends on bromide content. Adsorption capacities exhibited by these materials at higher relative pressures can be as high as 0.8 kg of water/kg of adsorbent. These adsorbents can be regenerated by heating at 473 K and reused. However, a gradual decay of adsorption properties occurs during repeated adsorption–desorption cycles. Thus, this family of adsorbents seems to be less attractive than the corresponding SiO2–CaCl2 composites.


In this study, we explored the characteristics of a Chinese cabbage kimchi sauce, which was made from natural pigments, according to the preservation period. There were no significant changes in pH and total acidity and the color of the sauce with added natural pigments demonstrated stability. Also, vitamin C and the change of viscosity decreased as the preservation period increased. A although the number of lactic acid bacteria decreased over a 20 day period, a certain level was sustained for 91 days. Lastly, the sensory properties of the sauce were not significantly different according to the preservation period.


A researcher decides to build a test collection for comparing her new information retrieval (IR) systems with several state-of-the-art baselines. She wants to know the number of topics (n) she needs to create in advance, so that she can start looking for (say) a query log large enough for sampling n good topics, and estimating the relevance assessment cost. We provide practical solutions to researchers like her using power analysis and sample size design techniques, and demonstrate its usefulness for several IR tasks and evaluation measures. We consider not only the paired t-test but also one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for significance testing to accommodate comparison of m(≥ 2) systems under a given set of statistical requirements (α: the Type I error rate, ß: the Type II error rate, and minD: the minimum detectable difference between the best and the worst systems). Using our simple Excel tools and some pooled variance estimates from past data, researchers can design statistically well-designed test collections. We demonstrate that, as different evaluation measures have different variances across topics, they inevitably require different topic set sizes. This suggests that the evaluation measures should be chosen at the test collection design phase. Moreover, through a pool depth reduction experiment with past data, we show how the relevance assessment cost can be reduced dramatically while freezing the set of statistical requirements. Based on the cost analysis and the available budget, researchers can determine the right balance between n and the pool depth pd. Our techniques and tools are applicable to test collections for non-IR tasks as well.


Moebelia berolinensis comb. nov., a rarely collected bark dwelling dwarf spider species in Central Europe (Araneae: Linyphiidae: Erigoninae). The genus Araeoncoides Wunderlich, 1969, containing a single species A. berolinensis Wunderlich, 1969, is revised and transferred to the genus Moebelia Dahl, 1886 (nov. syn.). The female is described for the first time. All six known records are reported. Distribution, habitat and phenology are discussed. Until now, records are known exclusively from Germany.


Dysregulated metabolism is a hallmark of cancer cells and is driven in part by specific genetic alterations in various oncogenes or tumor suppressors. The retinoblastoma protein (Rb) is a tumor suppressor that was initially characterized in regulating cell cycle progression but recent studies have highlighted a functional role for Rb in controlling cellular metabolism. As such, we aim to characterize the metabolic phenotype caused by genetic loss of Rb in a mouse model of lung cancer. We have employed the Kras+/LSLG12D/Rb1lox/lox and Kras+/LSLG12D/Rb1+/+ transgenic model to study the metabolic effects of Rb1 loss in lung cancer. Cre‐exposed Kras+/LSLG12D/Rb1lox/lox mice exhibit increased tumor burden as well as decreased overall survival compared to Kras+/LSLG12D/Rb1+/+ mice. Our tracer studies using bolus dosing of 13C‐glucose revealed an increase in glucose carbon incorporation into select glycolytic intermediates. Consistent with this result, Rb1 depleted tumors expressed higher hexokinase 2 and glucose transporter 1. Additionally, compared to Rb1‐proficient tumors, Rb1 null tumors exhibit decreased one and three carbon labeled aspartate, which is indicative of pyruvate carboxylase (PC) activity. However, Rb1−/− tumors were found to express higher PC compared to Rb1+/+ tumors, suggesting these tumors may utilize an alternative nutrient source for TCA anaplerosis other than glucose. Taken together, these data have identified several metabolic genes under Rb control, and suggest Rb may regulate differential nutrient utilization in lung tumors.


What is the topic of this review? This review focuses on how in vivo and molecular measurements of cardiac passive stiffness can predict exercise tolerance and how exercise training can reduce cardiac passive stiffness. What advances does it highlight? This review highlights advances in understanding the relationship between molecular (titin‐based) and in vivo (left ventricular) passive stiffness, how passive stiffness modifies exercise tolerance, and how exercise training may be therapeutic for cardiac diseases with increased passive stiffness.


Importance of the field: Miniaturization is the key to advancing the state of the art in high-content screening (HCS) in order to enable dramatic cost savings through reduced usage of expensive biochemical reagents and to enable large-scale screening on primary cells. Microfluidic technology offers the potential to enable HCS to be performed with an unprecedented degree of miniaturization. Areas covered in this review: This perspective highlights a real-world example from the authors' work of HCS assays implemented in a highly miniaturized microfluidic format. The advantages of this technology are discussed, including cost savings, high-throughput screening on primary cells, improved accuracy, the ability to study complex time-varying stimuli, and ease of automation, integration and scaling. What the reader will gain: The reader will understand the capabilities of a new microfluidics-based platform for HCS and the advantages it provides over conventional plate-based HCS. Take home message: Microfluidics technology will drive significant advancements and broader usage and applicability of HCS in drug discovery.


Whoever intends to answer the question about how collective identities are articulated today in capitalist
 societies cannot ignore the task of conceptually and empirically articulating two differentiated issues: on the one hand, the
 anomic situations of disintegration, in which the individualizing logic of neoliberal ideology takes center stage; on the other,
 the emergence of new phenomena of social authoritarianism in different strata where the psycho-affective dynamics of community
 identifications become especially relevant. In this article I will analyze the mechanisms of communitarian subjectivation deployed
 by neoliberalism in the time of its crisis. For this purpose, I examine some oral narratives extracted from a qualitative study of
 Argentine society, in which the interlocutors thread hypotheses about issues of public significance such as social inequality, the
 role of the State in our crisis context and the rights of immigrants.


An optimal Restricted Structure Generalized Predictive Control (RS-GPC) control algorithm is introduced for the control of q-LPV discrete-time state-space multivariable systems. The controller may have a one, two or three degree of freedom structure. The feedback, tracking and feedforward controller terms are specified in a restricted structure form. These controller sub-systems are parameterized in terms of a set of pre-specified linear functions and a set of optimal gains, and computed to minimize a predictive control cost-function. The cost-function involves weighted error and control signal costing terms, but also includes novel terms to ensure the magnitude or rate of change of controller gains is not excessive. A valuable feature is that the controller has the performance benefits and advantages of model based control designs, but can be retuned as in classical control structures.


Philo's writings can be seen as a crucial link between Hellenistic Judaism and early Christianity, particularly in his way of drawing on Greek philosophy in reading the scriptures. Pierre Hadot has pointed out how Graeco-Roman philosophy was seen at that time as a practical subject aiming at the care of self in its twofold movement of interiorisation and exteriorisation. This article explores how Philo draws on these aspects of philosophy to articulate his Jewish understanding of the journey towards perfection or holiness.


This paper explores the significance of a landmark Italian judgement regarding end-of-life advance directives, emphasizing the legal and political context in which the decision was made. The analysis particularly focuses on the political majority's attempt to overturn the outcome of the courts' proceedings - thereby challenging the country's institutional order and jeopardizing constitutional rights.


one remains aware of the biblical power to heal &dquo;immediate social and personal concerns of contemporary life&dquo; (p. 56). All three of these monograph suggest new ways of vitalizing biblical preaching. In many ways they complement each other, and do so in a spirit of hope. Pitt-Watson's book has the added value of providing a practical method of how to compose unified, comprehensible sermons. JAMES M. REESE, O.S.F.S. St. John's University New York, N. Y.


In this paper we study initial-boundary value problems for certain system of first order stochastic hyperbolic equations in a quarter plan or in a strip , with various types of boundary conditions, including nonlocal conditions. We propose a framework for the study of such problems and show that under appropriate conditions the problems are well posed namely, there exists a unique solution which yields a strong Markov process. Following these general results we discuss several examples of initial-boundary value problems for the stochastic wave equation. Concerning these problems we observe that the regularity of the solutions is strongly affected by the reflection of the 'noise' at the boundary. This effect depends on the specific nature of the boundary conditions.


Age‐related neuromuscular decrements are partly attributed to the gradual decline of circulating sex hormones, accompanied by the transition of metabolic processes from largely anabolic to catabolic, which is further mediated by levels of physical activity [1, 2]. Administration of androgens have been demonstrated to positively influence processes of neuroplasticity in animal models [3, 4], acting both centrally and peripherally. However, human data on the associations of circulating hormone levels with peripheral motor nerve function are scant. The aim of this study was to determine associations of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and testosterone (T) with motor unit (MU) characteristics in human vastus lateralis (VL), and to investigate the influences of ageing and athletic status.


The masonry-concrete shear wall is a kind of new composite structure developed from the masonry wall, and the seismic behavior of it is better than the traditional one. The article used ANSYS to do the time history analysis for the traditional masonry wall and masonry-concrete shear wall with different characteristic stiffness coefficients, different installation modes of shear walls.The calculation data not only proved researches in reasonable value of characteristic stiffness coefficients, but also about the effects in the seismic ability of different masonry-concrete shear walls installation modes.


We give Backlund transformations for first and second Painleve hierarchies. These Backlund transformations are generalization of known Backlund transformations of the first and second Painleve equations and they relate the considered hierarchies to new hierarchies of Painleve-type equations.


The invention relates to a search technology and provides a search engine used in personal hand-held equipment and a resource search method to solve the defects, such as inconvenient lookup of page turning caused by excessive search results, and the like. The search engine comprises a lexical analysis module, a search module and a search result sequencing module, wherein the lexical analysis module receives key words, confirms to the type of the key words and sends out the key words, the search module searches a resource containing the key words in a resource pool and generates and sends out search results containing the found-out resource and the applying program name corresponding to the resource; and the search result sequencing module receives the types of the key words and invokes the corresponding weight table. The search results are received and sequenced to generate a first-stage resource list, the weighting corresponding to every applying program in a second applying program list is looked up in the weight table, the second applying program list is sequenced according to the weight, and the sequenced second applying program list is outputted. The invention also provides a resource search method. The search range can be further reduced by carrying out the lexical analysis of the key words to greatly reduce the quantity of the search results.


Objective
To investigate the predictive value of HEART score combined with D-dimer in the treatment of acute coronary syndromes for cardiovascular adverse events.

Methods
A total of 100 patients with acute coronary syndrome admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Datong University from January 2017 to January 2019 were included in the study. Patients were stratified according to their HEART scores. The patients were followed up for cardiovascular adverse events within 30 days of onset. The predictive efficacy of HEART scores and the D-dimer level were analyzed according to receiver operating characteristic curves. Predictive efficacy of HEART score combined with D-dimer level was compared with single HEART score for cardiovascular adverse events within 30 days.

Results
There were 21 cases of cardiovascular adverse events within 30 days of acute coronary syndrome onset, accounting for 21.00%. DL-dimer combined with HEART score after the polymer level was significantly superior to the single HEART score in predicting the cardiovascular events in patients with acute chest pain, with greater sensitivity, and its false negative rate is significantly lower than the single HEART score, and its accuracy was higher than that of the single HEART score.

Conclusions
The HEART score combined with D-dimer in the prediction of cardiovascular adverse events in patients with acute coronary syndrome can improve its risk prediction value to some extent.

Key words:
Acute coronary syndrome; Cardiovascular adverse events; HEART score; D-dimer


Film is a form of mass communication. Film is a medium that has a strong enough  to persue a point of view, assumptions, perceptions, behavior, social systems in society. Without realizing that what is presented in each discourse, tucked a sign, symbols and ideology that does not directly affect themselves into an audience. Like in the movie 99 Cahaya di Langit Eropa, directed by Guntur Soeharjanto, rather than as entertainment, tucked meanings and symbols and ideology in several scenes representing altruism in the film may only be realized by some quarters because people pay more attention to visual and the story line . This study was conducted to determine and inform how a signs, symbols and ideology conveyed in a scene in the movie 99 Cahaya di Langit Eropa. For the validity of the data, the researchers attach multiple interviews with informants related to the film 99 Cahaya di Langit Eropa and figures relating to the world of cinema. The study states that in the film 99 Cahaya di Langit Eropa is there meaning in symbols and signs that represent the ideology of altruism in a few scenes.


Abstract Failures in workpiece positioning influence the machining conditions and outcome of machine tools directly. Hence, the monitoring by a sensor integrated clamping system to avoid rejects is subject of the presented work. The overall aim is to integrate sensory capabilities in a hydraulic clamping system typically used in series production within a joint research project. This paper gives a general survey of the targeted application and focuses on the sensor integration. It shows the qualification of strain gauges for indirect measurement of oil pressure in the hydraulic clamping element and the potential use of the same strain gauges to measure further monitoring objectives.© 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.Peer-review under responsibility of the Organizing Committee of SysInt 2014. Keywords: strain gauges; sensor integration; hydraulic clamping-elements; hydraulic swing clamp; clamping system; condition monitoring 1. Introduction Clamping systems hold the workpiece in a defined position in the working space of a machine tool. Hence, positioning failures directly influence process behavior and machining results. Approximately 40 % of rejects are due to dimensioning errors that are attributed to poor fixture design [1].The design and fabrication of a clamping fixtures can take up to 20% of the total manufacturing cost [1-3]. Its quality often relies on the designer's experience and is based on his understanding of the product. To reduce this reliance, but still provide a reliable clamping, much research effort has been focused on computer aided manufacturing. A good survey of recent research and trends in computer-aided fixture planning (CAFP) and design (CAFD) are given in [1] and [3-4]. Most of the CAFP/CAFD methods have the aim to determine accessible and


In this paper, the effect of the rotor–stator axial spacing is investigated in an axial pump with the working fluid of water. The pressure-rise performance was tested at a range of flow rates. Results indicate that decreased axial spacing generates improved hydraulic head, especially when the flow rate is low. Particle image velocimetry measurement was performed and flow fields for five rotor phases were obtained in a low flow rate condition. Particle image velocimetry results demonstrate that the stator inlet flow is both affected by the wake of the rotor and the existence of the stator. As the axial spacing gets close, the incidence angle of the stator decreases and the flow separation on the suction side is restrained, and therefore the pressure rise ability is improved.


Copulas have proven to be very successful tools for the flexible modeling of cross-sectional dependence. In this paper we express the dependence structure of continuous-valued time series data using a sequence of bivariate copulas. This corresponds to a type of decomposition recently called a "vine" in the graphical models literature, where each copula is entitled a "pair-copula." We propose a Bayesian approach for the estimation of this dependence structure for longitudinal data. Bayesian selection ideas are used to identify any independence pair-copulas, with the end result being a parsimonious representation of a time-inhomogeneous Markov process of varying order. Estimates are Bayesian model averages over the distribution of the lag structure of the Markov process. Using a simulation study we show that the selection approach is reliable and can improve the estimates of both conditional and unconditional pairwise dependencies substantially. We also show that a vine with selection outperforms a Gaussian copula with a flexible correlation matrix. The advantage of the pair-copula formulation is further demonstrated using a longitudinal model of intraday electricity load. Using Gaussian, Gumbel, and Clayton pair-copulas we identify parsimonious decompositions of intraday serial dependence, which improve the accuracy of intraday load forecasts. We also propose a new diagnostic for measuring the goodness of fit of high-dimensional multivariate copulas. Overall, the pair-copula model is very general and the Bayesian method generalizes many previous approaches for the analysis of longitudinal data. Supplemental materials for the article are also available online.


We study weak measurements under the influence of dissipation. Even though dissipation harms the anomalous properties of the weak value, we found specific setups in which extracting information from the weak value is feasible.


ABSTRACT This paper provides a method for determining an optimal decentralized control for multimachine power systems with quadratic performance measure. An iterative algorithm is developed whereby a local minimum is attained. The constraint of decentralization is tackled with in minimization algorithm by using the method of feasible directions. An example of three synchronous machines is given to illustrate the proposed algorithm.


In 1994 and 1995, a high abundant winter snowfall at higher elevations appeared to result in long distance movement patterns by yellow-bellied marmot (Marmotajlaviventris) over snow to lower, snowfree elevations where food was more available. As the snow melted and food became abundant, the marmots return to higher altitudes. In 1996, we continued to investigate the potential for migrational movements, by studying two study sites at different elevations in the North Fork of Cascade Canyon. Four marmots at each site were implanted with intraperitoneal tracking transmitters. Of eight marmots that were equipped with intraperitoneal transmitters, six demonstrated significant movements of greater than 0.5 km, one did not, and one most likely died as a result of predation before any movement could be observed. Of the six that demonstrated significant movements within the canyon, only one moved distances greater than 1 km. Marmots, after emerging from hibernation, migrated down canyon to snowfree areas as they become available. With progressive snow melt, most marmots move upward to higher elevations, but not to the extent originally expected. Instead, they moved to the first available habitat where food was obtainable, and other (dominant) marmots accepted their presence. This movement is exhibited in both males and females, yearlings and adults, and melanistic and normal colored marmots.


The author investigates the public opinion concerning the feeling of insecurity related to crime. For this purpose, he analyses journalistic texts on Interne...


GC-GIS system is a geochemical data processing system based on fractal theory. The system realized quantity statistics function by calling Surfer and MapInfo software , and it is compiled with Visual Basic language. This system is designed to integrate the functions both quantity statistics of Surfer and spatial data management of MapInfo. A new algorithm of fractal is added up to GC-GIS. Taking example for Weichang region of Hebei to test


A new method for quantification of fluidized bed agglomeration tendencies for different fuels has been developed and evaluated. A bench scale fluidized bed reactor (5 kW), specially designed to obtain a homogeneous isothermal bed temperature, is used. The method is based on controlled increase of the bed temperature by applying external heat to the primary air and to the bed section walls. In addition, temperature homogeneity is secured by switching from normal fuel feeding to a propane precombustor. The initial agglomeration temperature is determined by on- or off-line principal component analysis of the variations in measured bed temperatures (four values) and differential pressures (four). To determine potential effects of all the process related variables, an extensive sensitivity analysis was performed. Experiments were performed according to a statistical experimental design to evaluate the effects of eight different process analytical variables on the determined agglomeration temperature of a bioma...


It would be desirable to select an antibiotic targeted to a specific pathogen for every patient with pneumonia. Unfortunately, despite extensive testing, specific pathogens are found in less than 50% of patients in most reported prospective series. In retrospective studies, pathogens are found in much fewer and the identification of such pathogens alters therapy infrequently. Moreover, the clinical and radiographic presentation of most patients does not permit the clinician to accurately predict the microbial etiology. The treatment of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is empiric. The possible etiologic agents depend on geographic factors, the severity of the patient's illness, and the presence of any coexisting disease (i.e., chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes mellitus, renal insufficiency, congestive heart failure, and other similar medical conditions), or advanced age. One widely accepted approach involves the identification of four broad groups of patients with CAP. The first group consists of patients 60 years of age or younger, with no comorbidity, who are treated in an outpatient setting. The causative organisms are, in descending frequency, M. pneumoniae, S. pneumoniae, respiratory viruses, C. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, and miscellaneous organisms such as Legionella species or S. aureus. Since atypical organisms predominate, macrolides are the agents of choice, but in individuals intolerant or allergic to macrolides, tetracyclines are an alternative. The second group includes patients who are 60 years of age or older and/or who have evidence of comorbidity, but still can be treated in an outpatient setting. The most common organisms in this group are, in decreasing frequency, 5. pneumoniae, respiratory viruses, H. influenzae, aerobic Gram-negative bacilli, S. aureus, and miscellaneous organisms such as M. catarrhalis and Legionella species. Due to concerns of widespread resistance in strains of H. influenzae (one of the most frequent isolated pathogens in this group), a beta-lactamase stable antimicrobial such as a second-generation cephalosporin, or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, or a beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor plus or minus a macrolide should be selected. The rationale for the macrolide is to provide coverage for Legionella if this organism is commonly found. The third group has pneumonia severe enough to warrant hospitalization but not ill enough to require ICU admission. The most common organisms in this group are S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, polymicrobial (including anaerobic) bacteria, aerobic Gram-negative bacilli, Legionella species, S. aureus, C. pneumoniae, respiratory viruses, and miscellaneous organisms such as M. pneumoniae and M. catarrhalis. A secondor third-generation cephalosporin or beta-lactam/ beta-lactamase inhibitor plus or minus a macrolide would be a reasonable empiric choice. The fourth group consists of patients with CAP who are severely ill and hospitalized in an intensive care unit. The organisms most commonly found in this group are S. pneumoniae, Legionella species, aerobic Gram-negative bacilli, M. pneumoniae, respiratory viruses, and miscellaneous organisms such as H. influenzae, M. tuberculosis, and endemic fungi. Since the mortality of this group is as high as 50%, broad spectrum coverage is recommended. A macrolide (to cover atypicals) plus a third-generation cephalosporin with antipseudomonal activity or other antipseudomonal agents such as imipenem/cilastatin or ciprofloxacin have been recommended. These recommendations are designed to assist in the choice of antimicrobials early in the course of disease before laboratory information becomes available. If specific


【The mortality and morbidity rate of hemodialysis patients (HD) remain high. Among many factors, protein and calorie malnutrition has been shown to be a major risk factor for increased mortality in the HD patients population. Malnutrition can be caused by insufficient amino acid intake, nutrient losses in dialysate, oxidant stress and muscle catabolism. In this study, we evaluated the association of markers of nutritional status and essential amino acids intake in HD patients. We investigated nutritional status of 41 HD patients (mean age: $64.2\;{\pm}\;11.5\;y$ , men: 24, women: 27) by measuring anthropometric, biochemical parameters and food intakes by using 24 hr recall methods. Subject's total energy intake and total protein intake were $1,648.0\;{\pm}\;397.31\;kcal/day,\;79.2\;{\pm}\;27.2\;g/day$ :, respectively. The animal protein intake was $42.7\;{\pm}\;22.1\;g/day$ , essential amino acids intake was $23.4\;{\pm}\;9.92\;g/day$ , and the ratio of essential amino acids to total protein intake was $29.6\;{\pm}\;5.42%$ . There were significantly positive correlation between muscle mass and lean body mass with serum creatinine level (r=0.435, p】


Abstract Objective Develop and validate a protocol for the use of the Food Guide for the Brazilian Population (FGBP) in the dietary guidelines for elderly people during individual clinic appointments in Primary Health Care (PHC). Methods The elaboration followed six methodological steps, namely: (1) protocol format definition; (2) definition of the instrument for assessing food consumption; (3) extracting applicable Food Guide recommendations for individual dietary guidelines; (4) evidence systematization on dietary and nutrition needs of the elderly; (5) development of nutritional guidelines messages for the elderly; (6) content and apparent validation and data analysis. Results As products of the steps, the protocol structure was defined and dietary guidelines were elaborated based on the nutritional and health needs of the elderly population, considering the functional capacity and physiological and social changes of this life cycle. The protocol was well assessed by experts and health professionals as to clarity, relevance (content validity index > 0.8) and applicability. In addition, the participants made some suggestions to improve the clarity of the messages and to expand the applicability of the instrument with elderly Brazilians. Conclusion The protocol can contribute to the qualification of dietary guidelines in PHC, dissemination of information from the Food Guide and promotion of comprehensive care and healthy aging of the population.


This thesis examines the implications of the alleged rise of the `knowledge economy' for regional economic change in Europe. In particular, it is concerned with `postindustrial' trajectories of less-favoured regions, in both the Western and Eastern parts of the `New Europe'. In doing so, the thesis critically engages with the `new regionalism' economic geography approaches that draw on institutional/evolutionary economics, and on the `knowledge economy' or 'learning economy' discourses. These approaches invariably identify localised forms of knowledge production and learning and various supporting institutions as key factors behind regional prosperity. Considered as the most important organisational units of contemporary global knowledge-intensive capitalism, economically successful regions are understood as `learning regions' acting as collectors and repositories of knowledge, and displaying the ability to learn and innovate, while being supported by regional `institutional thickness'. Less-favoured regions are themselves claimed to have a capacity to improve their own economic fortunes by becoming `learning regions'. These claims are exposed to a theoretical scrutiny that reveals serious conceptual weaknesses in the `knowledge economy' and `learning region' paradigms and the thesis suggests an alternative conceptualisation of regional economic change. This alternative conceptualisation places emphasis on the `socio-spatial divisions of labour' and the accompanying ̀ socio-spatial value chains/networks' as a useful prism through which increasingly uneven regional development in Europe can be understood. The case studies of two former industrial region-states are then presented one in the `Western' periphery (Scotland) and one in the `Eastern' post-socialist periphery (Slovakia) of the `New Europe' both attempting a transformation to the high value-added ̀ knowledge-based' economy. The empirical evidence supports the view that, although institutions can play an important role in economic development of regions, their room for manoeuvre is nevertheless significantly constrained by their own historical legacies and the wider neo-liberal political economy.


This paper focuses on a new structure of permanent magnet machines suitable for highly integrated in-wheel motors for vehicle application. In particular, the main feature of the integrated solution lays in the removal of a sector of the stator in order to have the required space for the brake caliper. However, the sectored-stator introduces an additional anisotropy in the electromagnetic circuit affecting the overall torque ripple of the machine. As a consequence, a general FEM-based analysis of sectored-stator PM machines has been undertaken to evaluate the important behaviors, such as output torque, cogging torque, torque ripple, back electromotive force, and unbalanced magnetic force. Furthermore, the effect of a considered winding arrangement has been evaluated using the winding function theory, obtaining interesting results related to the magneto-motive force distributions when a missing sector is present.


From the Publisher:
A working clock is embedded in the deeply embossed retro robot gracing the cover of this engagement calendar. Shiny metallic ink over heavy board stock gives a metallic look to the spiral bound covers. More vintage robots are included on the weekly calendar spreads.


The results of daily observations at Riverhead, L.I., N.Y., since September, 1938, of the English television transmissions on 41.5 and 45.0 megacycles are summarized and discussed. A photograph of one of the television images received during this period is shown. A résumé is made of the signal strengths observed since January, 1937. During each winter of this period signal strengths of between 10 and 500 microvolts per meter were frequently received.


In this work, we synthesized amino thiol surfactants, namely, 10-(4-aminophenoxy)-decane-1-thiol and 12-(4-aminophenoxy)-dodecane-1-thiol. The self-assembling of the synthesized surfactants on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) was investigated using different techniques such as ultraviolet analysis, x-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy. The synthesized surfactants show the ability to assemble on gold nanoparticles and form stable nanostructure with it. We used the synthesized surfactants and their nanostructures with gold nanoparticles for the detection of Zn and Ni ions in aqueous solution using the ultraviolet spectrophotometer technique. The synthesized amino thiol surfactants showed the ability to detect Zn and Ni ions at low concentration. The results showed that gold nanoparticles can enhance the detection of Zn and Ni ions using the nanostructures of the synthesized surfactants.


A large scale spring release of juvenile lobsters, Homarus gan1n1arus, was conducted at Kvits0y, southwestern Norway in March 1990. The lobsters, 14,700 one and a halve year old and 8,700 six months old, were tagged internally with coded microtags at the hatchery. The lobsters were transported by road and air to the release site and acclimated to sea water of 6 oc, 15 to 60 minutes prior to release. The lobsters were released from small boats in shallow water, with about one lobster per m shoreline. Under water video takings showed that the lobsters were alert, but very calm after release. They moved into shelter within the first hour. No inter-specific aggression or predator fish were observed.


Objective: To analyze HIV replication and immune functionchanges among Chinese patients with HIV/ARC/AIDS andtheir association with disease progression. Methods: T cell subsets, plasma cytokine concentrations andviral loads from 42 HIV+ individuals, and 13 ARC/AIDSpatients, and 10 controls were analyzed by flow cytometry(FCM), quantitative ELISA and reversetranscription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR),respectively. Results: CD4 cell counts and plasma IL-2 in HIV/AIDSpatients were significantly less than in normal control subjects(P0.001). The plasma concentrations sIL-2R, TNF-α, andNeopterin increased significantly with decreasing CD4 cellcounts. Plasma IL-2 among AIDS/ARC patients was also lessthan in HIV+ patients (P0.01). CD4 cell counts, the ratio ofCD4 to CD8 and plasma IL-2 levels decreased significantlywith infection duration. CD4 cell counts declined an averageof 43/ml per year. In contrast, the concentration of plasmasIL-2R, sTNFR-I, and Neopterin increased an average of9.03pg/ml, 8.69pg/ml, 2.11ng/ml per yean respectively.Furthermore, a significant reverse linear correlation wasobserved between CD4 cell count, CD4/CD8 ratio, and CD3,CD4 and CD8 counts with plasma levels of sTNFR-I,Neopterin, and HIV RNA load. A positive linear correlationwas noted between plasma sIL-2R levels and changes ofplasma IL-6 level (P0.001), IL-10(P0.001), TNF-α(P0.001),sTNFR-I (P0.005), and Neopterin (P0.002) and betweenIL-6 and TNF-α(P0.001), Neopterin and IL-10 (P0.05),sTNFR-I (P0.001), plasma viral load and sTNFR-I (P0.001),and Neopterin (P0.002). Conclusion: These findingr suggest a close relationshipbetween IL-6 and TNF-aimmune activation, HIV replicationand disease progression in primary HIV infections and AIDSpatients. Declining CD4 cells and plasma IL-2, and increasingviral load, sIL-2R, TNF-α, sTNFR-I, and Neopterin might beconsidered as important predictors of the progression of HIVinfection to AIDS.


Steamwise oriented vortices in the boundary layer of a hypersonic flow have the
potential to affect heat transfer and skin friction significantly. These effects can be
exacerbated by the addition of extra strain rates associated with concave surface
curvature. Vortices can either occur naturally (in the form of Goertler vortices), or
be introduced by some form of mechanical distortion (such as a protuberance). In
this work we experimentally investigate the effect of concave surface curvature on
the propagation of imposed vortices. These experiments are carried out in the Hypervelocity
Expansion Tube at the University of Illinois. This facility is capable of
generating flows with high enthalpies (4-9MJ/kg) and Mach numbers (3-7). Using a
novel, fast-response pressure sensitive paint we are able to observe the development
of vortices which are induced using diamond-shaped vortex generators. Models with
varying amount of surface curvature (encompassing Goertler numbers between 10-22) are used to investigate the dynamics of vortex propagation and interaction. Our
results show that the vortices remain attached and of constant strength for 10-12cm
(80 boundary layer thicknesses) along the curved surfaces, while on flat plates the
vortices are no longer apparent within 6 cm downstream.


The Hanford Seismic Assessment Program (HSAP) provides an uninterrupted collection of high-quality raw and processed seismic data from the Hanford Seismic Network for the U.S. Department of Energy and its contractors. The HSAP is responsible for locating and identifying sources of seismic activity and monitoring changes in the historical pattern of seismic activity at the Hanford Site. The data are compiled, archived, and published for use by the Hanford Site for waste management, natural phenomena hazards assessments, and engineering design and construction. In addition, the HSAP works with the Hanford Site Emergency Services Organization to provide assistance in the event of a significant earthquake on the Hanford Site. The Hanford Seismic Network and the Eastern Washington Regional Network consist of 44 individual sensor sites and 15 radio relay sites maintained by the Hanford Seismic Assessment Team. During FY 2009, the Hanford Seismic Network recorded nearly 3000 triggers on the seismometer system, which included over 1700 seismic events in the southeast Washington area and an additional 370 regional and teleseismic events. There were 1648 events determined to be local earthquakes relevant to the Hanford Site. Nearly all of these earthquakes were detected in the vicinity of Wooded Island, located about eightmore » miles north of Richland just west of the Columbia River. Recording of the Wooded Island events began in January with over 250 events per month through June 2009. The frequency of events decreased starting in July 2009 to approximately 10-15 events per month through September 2009. Most of the events were considered minor (coda-length magnitude [Mc] less than 1.0) with 47 events in the 2.0-3.0 range. The estimated depths of the Wooded Island events are shallow (averaging less than 1.0 km deep) with a maximum depth estimated at 2.3 km. This places the Wooded Island events within the Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG). The highest-magnitude event (3.0Mc) occurred on May 13, 2009 within the Wooded Island swarm at depth 1.8 km. With regard to the depth distribution, 1613 earthquakes were located at shallow depths (less than 4 km, most likely in the Columbia River basalts), 18 earthquakes were located at intermediate depths (between 4 and 9 km, most likely in the pre-basalt sediments), and 17 earthquakes were located at depths greater than 9 km, within the crystalline basement. Geographically, 1630 earthquakes were located in swarm areas and 18 earthquakes were classified as random events. The low magnitude of the Wooded Island events has made them undetectable to all but local area residents. However, some Hanford employees working within a few miles of the area of highest activity and individuals living in homes directly across the Columbia River from the swarm center have reported feeling many of the larger magnitude events. The Hanford Strong Motion Accelerometer (SMA) network was triggered numerous times by the Wooded Island swarm events. The maximum acceleration value recorded by the SMA network was approximately 3 times lower than the reportable action level for Hanford facilities (2% g) and no action was required. The swarming is likely due to pressure that has built up, cracking the brittle basalt layers within the Columbia River Basalt Formation (CRBG). Similar earthquake "swarms" have been recorded near this same location in 1970, 1975 and 1988. Prior to the 1970s, swarming may have occurred, but equipment was not in place to record those events. Quakes of this limited magnitude do not pose a risk to Hanford cleanup efforts or waste storage facilities. Since swarms of the past did not intensify in magnitude, seismologists do not expect that these events will increase in intensity. However, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) will continue to monitor the activity.« less


The carrying of trace amounts of /sup 231/Pa on phosphoric acid resins, MnO/sub 2/, SnO/sub 2/, Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/, Sb/sub 2/O/sub 3/, and C r/sub 2/O/sub 3/ was determined in 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, and 3N HNO/sub 3/. MnO/sub 2/ (10 mg/ ml) was found to be the best carrier for /sup 23/Pa, even in the presence of large amounts of extraneous salts such as iron (30 g/l), Al (15 g/l), Ca (35 g/ l), and Mg (6 g/l). The amount of iron, Al, or Cu carried down with the MnO/sub 2/ carrier rapidly decreased with increasing acidity. It is recommended that / sup 231/Pa be carried on MnO/sub 2/ from a >1N HNO/sub 3/ solution. A sharp separation of /sup 231/Pa from manganese can be carried out by extracting the / sup 231/Pa into BETA - BETA '-dichlorodiethyl ether from a 9.0N HCl solution. The manganese remains in the aqueous phase. Tributylphosphate (TBP) also extracts /sup 231/Pa quartitatively from a 2 to 8N HNO/sub 3/ solution. A total of 98.4% /sup 231/Pa is carried by a precipitate of zirconium salicylate, while only 4.5% of the titanium is carried down under these conditions (2.5N H/sub 2/SO/ sub 4/ +more » 1% H/sub 2/O/sub 2/). The salicylate method was the most suitable for separating Zr from Ti. (TTT)« less


Taking EJBCA as basis,PKI systems of Guangdong University of Finance have been built for digital certificates issued and the application.Under a unified security platform,school users can send and receive E-mail safely.


Watanabe (1984, this journal) has recently proposed a split-half procedure for solving a regression problem between true scores. The present article adds some information by (1) pointing out equivalence between his solution and Kristof's result on the reliability of a test consisting of three congeneric parts, and (2) presenting an alternative approach which avoids a practical problem associated with Watanabe's procedure. Consistency of Watanabe's and our solutions with the attenuation formula for the regression coefficient is also noted.


Current satellite validation tests involve numerous procedures to qualify the space vehicle for the vibrations expected during launch and for exposure to the space environment. Structural Health Monitoring methods are being considered in an effort to truncate the number of validation tests required for satellite checkout. The most promising of these monitoring techniques uses an active wave-based method in which an active piezoelectric transducer propagates a Lamb wave through the structure, where it is then received by a second sensor and evaluated over time to detect structural changes. Thus far, this method has proven effective in locating structural defects in a complex satellite panel; however, the attributes associated with the first wave arrival change significantly as the wave travels through ribs and interfaces. This study establishes a method to identify important features in the sensor signal that may otherwise be missed. In this work, an FE model of a plate is developed, and variability is introduced for each state observation. Different states are modeled as masses distributed at 12 locations. Signals are obtained through an explicit time-domain analysis. Matching Pursuit Decomposition is used to extract physically significant parameters from the signal, the features are reduced to a more manageable subset, and Support Vector Machines are utilized to identify important features in the sensor signal. The results of the classification indicate that for a plate specimen the extracted feature corresponding to anti-symmetric wave mode interaction with damage does the best job of differentiating damage states.© 2011 ASME


In previous work a cure, temperature and time (history) dependent model was developed for the thermal mechanical description of viscoelastic behaviour of moulding compounds during cure. However, so far experimental characterization of the model parameters was restricted to slowly curing compounds that had to be fabricated on laboratory scale. Commercially available moulding compounds generally cure fast and due to the time consuming characterization process could not be modelled so far. The present paper proposes a new characterization concept that in principle is adequate for model characterizations on fast curing moulding compounds.


The goal of development in an Islamic economic perspective is the creation of prosperity both in the world and in the hereafter; prosperity in the world is marked by the fulfillment of all the necessities of life. Based on BPS data, it is known that in 2022 the unemployment rate in Indonesia will be 5.86%. Meanwhile, it is also known that Indonesia has the largest Muslim population. This study aims to determine the contribution of the syirkah contract to the ummah's economy. This study used qualitative research methods, data were collected using library research methods and then data were analyzed using descriptive qualitative analysis. The results of the study show that if a syirkah contract is carried out in accordance with the rules described in the Qur'an and Hadith and pays attention to its benefits, it will contribute to prosperity.


Gastrointestinal bleeding can be obscure or occult(OGIB),the causes and diagnostic approach will be discussed in this editorial.The evaluation of OGIB consists on a judicious search of the cause of bleeding,which should be guided by the clinical history and physical findings.The standard approach to patients with OGIB is to directly evaluate the gastrointestinal tract by endoscopy,abdominal computed tomography,angiography,radionuclide scanning,capsule endoscopy.The source of OGIB can be identified in 85%-90%,no bleeding sites will be found in about 5%-10% of cases.Even if the bleedings originating from the small bowel are not frequent in clinical practice(7.6% of all digestive haemorrhages,in our casuistry),they are notoriously difficult to diagnose.In spite of progress,however,a number of OGIB still remain problematic to deal with at present in the clinical context due to both the difficulty in exactly identifying the site and nature of the underlying source and the difficulty in applying affective and durable diagnostic approaches so no single technique has emerged as the most efficient way to evaluate OGIB.


Financial statements as a tool for show the company financial performance and can be used as a basis for making economic decisions. Understanding of accounting standards specifically for SMEs can help SMEs in making business decisions. Information technology support and investment opportunity in SMEs are important factors that can help improve the financial performance of SMEs. Investment opportunity can be seen from the development of market tastes and reflection on the development of SMEs businesses. Investment opportunity is also obtained by innovating in production and marketing. The development of the SMEs business is in line with increasing business age. This shows the ability to survive batik business in facing the times and business competition. This study examines the factors that influence the financial performance of SMEs. using a sample of batik craftsmen. Data analysis was performed using multiple regression program which are currently widely used by researchers to test the research model that they formulate. The result of this research were (1) for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), the company's age and investments opportunity greatly affect the company's financial performance. (2) IT support and good financial management in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) do not affect the company's financial performance.


In this work, we aim to track the behaviour of nitrogen dioxide over Bulgaria for the period 30th April 2018 to the end of July 2022 based on data from the Sentinel 5P data. We conclude that the biggest pollutant still remains the industrial region near Stara Zagora. The second and third sources are respectively big cities and highways.


OPEN ACCESS Two decades ago, professors Saleh M. Al-Deeb, Khalaf Al-Moutaery and Basim Yaqub launched the neurosciences bulletin as the specialized journal in the kingdom and the Arab world due to the growing interest in neurosciences research and publication. The journal started as the official bulletin of the Neurosciences Department, Prince Sultan Military Medical City (PSMMC) as a twice-yearly publication including articles, and abstracts from related meetings. After that, it became a quarterly publication, and continues to be well-respected peer review journal and services its mission as a mean to disseminate accessible, up to date medical information for clinical neurosciences and promote neurosciences research locally and internationally. With our devoted and hardworking editorial team the journal achieves successful steps and improvements. In 2000, the journal established the journal website which now had 124,813 hits, where readers can view, read and download the articles PDF. In 2006 the journal received an approval for indexing by the Thomson Scientific (formerly known as Thomson ISI) and following that the journal indexed and included in MEDLINE and that the English abstracts will be included using PubMed in July 2010. In 2016, we start including the journal in the Pub Med Central, and increasing the journal visibility in many databases. After years of dedicated editorship, the journal associate-editors Dr. Sonia khan and Dr. Mohammed Al-Zawahmah left the journal in 2016 after many accomplishments. In this regard, we would like to introduce ourselves to the readers as associate editors of neurosciences journal. Dr. Waleed Khoja is Deputy Director of the Neurology at the PSMMC; founder and past president of Saudi Stroke Association. Dr. Khaled hundallah is pediatric neurology consultant at the PSMMC and assistant professor at Al-Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University. To set our strategic plan, we decided to involve our target audience. An electronic survey was distributed and posted in the journal website. We received a total of 120 respondents. More than 60% of our respondents spend 2 hours and more weekly reading the medical journal and 65.83% find the journal important in their field. For the journal website, 39.47% of the respondents rate the journal website 3 out of 4. For the journal logo, 55% find out the logo represents the journal. However, improving the journal website, decreasing the processing time and establishing an electronic submission system, and increasing the journal visibility are the key points our audience look for. To satisfy the needs, demands and the expectations of our target audience the following steps were initiated. To increase the visibility of the journal, we invite all the local societies related to the neurosciences to sign an agreement and the journal will be the official journal of the society. In return, the society will contribute to the development of the journal scientifically. We also focus on the student corner and encourage the students to submit and publish an abstract of their research. The students' abstracts will be published in the journal website and indexed in the pub med central. In addition to that, e-journal, the journal website, old issues archives, online submissions systems are all areas in our agenda. As per to a local study conducted by Jamjoom1 during the period 1996-2014 to evaluate the sate of the clinical Neurosciences research in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia by determining its world ranking finds out that KSA is ranked 14th in the world and fourth in the middle east on clinical Neurosciences during the period 1996-2014. The study shows that KSA was ranked low in the world. This finding would suggest a strong action to promote research in our region and encourage the neuro clinicians in this field. In 2016, we received a total number of 135 manuscripts, with an average rejection rate of 37.8%. Reasons for rejection included papers out the scope of Figure 1 A pie chart Illustrates a) the rating of neurosciences website 1 represent the lowest score and 5 represents the highest score, b) the need to improve the layout of the journal Editorial Message


— The research sought to investigate prepositional errors on English usage. There has been a big outcry in the field of English language learning about the falling levels of proficiency in English among students, particularly in upper primary level. This problem was attributed to inadequate mastery of linguistic skills and incomplete acquisition of English language. Therefore, the current paper investigated preposition errors as manifested in written compositions of upper primary learners. Prepositional rules in English language are inconsistent; that is certain prepositions can be applied in one form, but not in another. More so, prepositions are polysemous. Thus, learners often become frustrated when they have to determine prepositional meanings and when to use them appropriately. The research was guided by the following objectives; identifying prepositional related errors in learners' composition and describing the errors. The study applied Corder's(1974, 1976) Error Analysis Theory. The study adopted a descriptive research design in order to vividly describe various errors encountered in the usage of English prepositions. The target population was 52 primary schools,168 teachers of English, and 408 pupils from Public Primary Schools in Kieni-East Sub County in Nyeri County. Data was collected using interview guides for the teachers and composition test for pupils. The study showed four main prepositional errors; errors of omission, addition, substitution and misordering. The study concludes that prepositional errors are more of lexical errors since they affect the meaning of the entire sentence. Thus, the study recommends that learners should be taught rules of prepositions systematically and that a revision of course books should provide specific rules that may lead to proper acquisition of prepositions.


"Information infrastructures provide the tools—words, categories, information processing procedures—with which we can generate and manipulate knowledge. They also reify particular configurations of work practice by shaping the world within which tools can be used. Both the silences and the explicit categories are important for linking work and infrastructure— infrastructure development is both social and informatic." (Star, Bowker, 1995)


This patient presented with tachypnea and use of the inspiratory accessory muscles. Chest auscultation revealed diffusely decreased air entry bilaterally and early inspiratory rales. A chest radiograph showed hyperinflation and increased radiolucency of the lungs. The results of pulmonary function


Objective:To establish a method for determination of gangliosides by reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography with pre-column derivation.Methods:The Gangliosides were extracted with chloroform-methanol(2:1)and then derived with 2,4′-dibromo-acetophenone.HPLC separations were conducted using a ZORBAX Eclipse XDB-C8 250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm column,and using methanol-acetonitrile(50+50)as the mobile phase and the detection was performed at the wavelength of 260 nm.Results:The proposed method was accurate,precise and selective with limit of determination of 1.0 μg/ml(GM1),2.5 μg/ml(GM2),2.0 μg/ml(GM3),recovery of more than 80% and RSD of less than 10%.Conclusion:The method can be used for determination of gangliosides in biological tissue.


Heavy oil resources are rich in Bohai Bay,the properties of heavy oil reservoirs are changed after long-term water-injection development.Through the analysis of porosity,permeability,crude oil viscosity of Z Heavy-oil Oilfield,the changes of water flooding and influence between them are compared.The rule of the variation of reservoir properties before and after water injection development is summarized,and the relationship between dynamic changes of reservoir properties and reservoir production is analyzed.Studies suggest that after a long period of water flooding,the average pore radius,average porosity and permeability of the oilfield increase,but it presents two opposite trends:the permeability of high permeability reservoir increases,large pore number increases gradually;reservoir porosity,permeability in low permeability are less.The reservoirs of these two opposite trends induce more serious reservoir heterogeneity and reservoir interlayer contradiction.Crude oil properties show viscosity,resin and asphaltene content increase,interlayer contradiction is serious.


In 2015, a woman known as "Mary Doe" challenged a Missouri abortion restriction requiring her to wait seventy-two hours after receiving certain "informed consent" materials before she could obtain an abortion. Mary Doe challenged the restrictions in federal and state court on religious grounds as a member of the Satanic Temple. This paper examines the Satanic Temple's litigation through the lens of parody — a literary technique that involves repeating another text's form or content in order to critique it. Mary Doe's litigation mirrored that of Burwell v. Hobby Lobby, in which a for-profit corporation claimed a religious accommodation from the ACA's contraceptive mandate. The litigation forces two comparisons — between mainstream religious beliefs and other strongly held matters of conscience, and between abortion and other constitutional claims — and illuminates the "distortions" that often appear in reproductive rights litigation.


Abstract In this article, we consider a class of prescribed Weingarten curvature equations. Under some sufficient conditions, we obtain an existence result by the standard degree theory based on the a priori estimates for the solutions to the prescribed Weingarten curvature equations.


Introduction: One of the missions of university education is to develop in students the skills for scientific research. Objective: To characterize the research component of the medical career at Guantanamo in the 2015-2016 courses. Method: An educational research where theoretical and empirical methods were used. Diagnostic test was applied to students of 6th year prior informed consent. Results: research skills are poorly systematized by students from their mode of action; the investigative skills are not explicit from the curriculum in one discipline, where General Medicine does not play its leading role, guaranteeing a research culture in graduated, able to convert the epidemiological clinical method in tool. Conclusions: There are shortcomings in the domain of investigative skills, curriculum management with the improvement of the research component will be achieved, all of which is part of a research project lead author.


Business process is set of activities that define how to achieve organizational goals and also produces outputs that deliver value to customers. Business process improvement is very important to make the organization better, more competitive and successful. In recent year, business process improvement has noticed by researchers. In this study, we will provide a systematic literature review from 2011 until 2017. We used Kitchenham and Charter method to conduct a systematic literature review. Data source such as IEEE, ScienceDirect, ProQuest and SpringerLink used to obtain literature. We obtained 39 papers from 67 papers to complete this research. This systematic literature review conducted to see the research trend on the topics of business process improvement from the last few years, approaches and methods used in business process improvement.


Objective:To survey the smoking situation and its influence on artery elasticity and level of adiponectin (APN)by aged soldier in Changsha.Methods:The smoking situation of 4147 aged soldiers in Changsha were investigated.The brachium ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV)was detected by Japan arteriosclerosis automatic detector.The intima-media thickness (IMT)was examined by sonarography.Results:① In 4 147 case,men was 3466 cases,women 681 cases.There were 1572 cases of smokers(37.9%),in which men was 1525 cases(44.0%),it was more than that of women(47 cases,6.9%,P0.01);② The incidence of carotid atherosclerosis in smokers was significantly higher than that of no-smokers (31.7% vs.8.5%,P0.05);③The baPWV in smokers was significantly higher than that of no-smokers [(1662±387)cm/s vs.(871±74)cm/s,P0.01];④ The APN level in smokers was significantly less than that of no-smokers [(6.94±2.95)mg/L vs.(12.61±4.20)mg/L,P0.05].Conclusion:① Smoking rates among aged soldiers in Changsha is high,especially men is more than;② Artery elasticity,carotid artery atherosclerosis severity and level of adiponectin are related to smoking,must encourage to stop smoke.


The overall construction of Continuously Operating Reference Stations(CORS)in Hebei was introduced,and the disadvantages of traditional CORS network displacement monitoring methods were pointed out in the paper.The feasibility and advantages of a wide range of ground subsidence monitoring by using TIM software were analyzed.Combined with the historical data of CORS stations in Hebei plain,the overall ground subsidence trend of Hebei plain was obtained through experiment analysis,and the advanced application of TIM software was further discussed.


Splash erosion is recognized as the first stage in a soil erosion process and results from the soil surface bombing by rain drops. At the moment when rain drops conflict with the soil surface, soil particles move and destruct the soil structure. Soil particles dispersed by rain drops and moved by runoff are two basic soil erosion processes. In this study, the effect of applying various amounts of polyacrylamide (PAM) (0, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 g/m 2 ) on the quantity of splash erosion at three rainfall intensities of 65, 95 and 120 mm/h by using of FEL3 rainfall simulator was investigated in marly soil in a laboratory. Results indicated differences in the effects of various treatments with PAM at all rainfall intensities, such as 0.6 g/m 2 PAM had the maximum effect on the splash erosion control by reducing soil erosion by about 28.93%. But statistical results showed that the use of various amounts of PAM (0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 g/m 2 ) for con - trolling splash erosion at various rain intensities to decrease splash erosion did not reveal a statistically significant difference. Therefore, the application of 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 g/m 2 PAM reduced the splash erosion, however, there was no statistical difference among these application rates of PAM. Finally, the results of statistical analysis of different inten - sities showed that only at 120 mm/h there was a significant difference between PAM treatment and control treatment (0 g/m 2 PAM) in the splash erosion control. At this intensity, the treatment with 0.4 g/m 2 PAM produced a maximum effect on the splash erosion control with 40% in comparison with the control treatment.


This paper is aimed to investigate the hazardous factors in the work environment of pathology department,analyze the hazards on pathologist' health and effect on surrounding environment,even the teratogenic and carcinogenic effect,which were caused by the physical factors,biological factors and chemical factors.Therefore,the hospital should strengthen the prevention consciousness in pathology department,and carry out effective measures,to reduce the hazards on pathologist' health and pollution on surrounding environment.


Cryptangieae is a monophyletic tribe, as asserted in a recent molecular hypothesis, but there are questions about the circumscription and relationships of its genera. We enlarged the sampling of the tribe diversity, including about 80% of known species, and provide new analyses using single and combined matrices from two chloroplast (rbcL and trnL-F) and three nuclear ribosomal (ITS, ETS and 5S-NTS) regions with Bayesian Inference to clarify these questions. We also performed character reconstruction analyses with diagnostic morphological characters, including some traditionally applied in Cryptangieae taxonomy, using parsimony methods. The molecular analyses show Lagenocarpus in the current circumscription as polyphyletic, and the need to merge Cephalocarpus and Everardia to avoid paraphyletic genera. We propose an updated circumscription following the phylogeny, including a new name to a group at generic level (Krenakia); and discuss the phylogenetic significance of the morphological characters in Cryptangieae taxonomy. Though the relationship among some genera still needs more research, the genera we propose are strongly supported clades with clear morphological synapomorphies. Additionally, we provide an identification key, a brief description of genera and a list of accepted species including the required new combinations.


Anterior cross bite due to a pseudo Class III is a kind of malocclusion, which has a potential to turn into a facial deformity. This orthodontic emergency should be treated as soon as it is observed. A case of pseudo Class III was treated with Planas direct tracks (PDT). The PDT was designed such that the distal incline of the upper block occludes with mesial incline of the lower block such that the mandible will have a posterior path of closure with condyles in centric relation. Significant clinical change was seen in the subject. There was a significant reduction in mesial step and a considerable improvement in the facial profile. Cephalometrically, there was a significant increase seen in the lower anterior facial height. PDT is an efficient solution for the correction of early pseudo Class III malocclusion.


Objective To investigate the prevalence rates of chronic diabetic complications in the inpatients with type 2 diabetes in Fushun region and their risk factors. Methods Clinical and laboratory data of 750 inpatients with type 2 diabetes from Jan to Jul 2013 were selected and analyzed. Results Among the 750 inpatients, the prevalence rates of chronic complications were 66.27% for macrovascular complications, 34.40% for diabetic retinopathy, 27.73% for diabetic nephropathy, 60.80% for diabetic peripheral neuropathy. The total prevalence rate was 77.33%. The risk factors related to chronic diabetic complications wereage,the duration of diabetes, HbA1c, body mass index, fasting insulin, fasting triglyceride, fasting low density lipoprotein etc. Conclusion The prevalence rates of chronic complications of inpatients with type 2 diabetes are rather high in Fushun region,should be attached enough importance. Advanced age, long term of diabetes, poor blood glycemic control, obesity and dyslipidemia are the risk factors.


Manifestations of ambivalence in the consciousness and behavior of Russians reflect the difficulties of social adaptation at the present time. Psychological health of the individual which is related to the strategy of active adaptation is seen as a significant factor in the development of modern society. On the material of empirical studies this paper analyzes the conditions of family upbringing that affect the development of the psychological health of the younger generation.


Serpentine soil contains highly heavy metals, such as manganese, chromium, cobalt, and nickel,which could bean inappropriate growthmediaofmostplants. Someplants thatfound able to grow optimally on South Kalimantan serpentine soil have been known to do association with ectomycorrhizal fungi. This research aimed to obtain and characterize mushrooms assumed as ectomycorrhizal fungi indigenous South Kalimantan serpentine soil. This study used field exploration of fungal fruiting bodies and identified the genus based on morphological characters of fruiting bodies such as shape, size, and ornamentation, which are unique for the genus identification, then compared the characteristics on mushroomexpert.com. The mushrooms were also confirmed of genera assumed as ectomycorrhizal fungi based on mycorrhizas.info. Seven fruiting bodies were obtained and classified as Cantharellus (Ct), Chlorophyllum (Ch1 and Ch2), Lycoperdon (Ly), Ramaria (Rm1 and Rm2), and Thelephora (Tp). The results showed that all of those fruiting bodies belong to Basidiomycetes. There were 4 genera of Cantharellus, Lycoperdon, Ramaria, and Thelephora, assumed as ectomycorrhizal fungi. But Chlorophyllum genus was never reported as ectomycorrhizal fungus


Sleep debt and time of day/night (circadian rhythm) exert substantial effects on commercial motor vehicle (CMV) operator (e.g. truck and bus/motor coach, railroad engineer, aviation pilot) performance—and, therefore, safety. In this chapter, the influence of sleep debt and circadian effects on operator performance are described. Efficacy of various countermeasures is reviewed, and the influence of individual operator traits (genetic factors) is briefly discussed. It is concluded that sleep (napping) remains the best strategy for restoring and maintaining CMV operator neurobehavioral performance. Results from ongoing research will lead to occupation-specific and individualized strategies for managing sleepiness and fatigue in operational environments.


Micronutrient deficiency can be considered as one of the yield "quantity and quality" limiting factor in arid calcareous lands and can be considered as the troubling component of hunger. Therefore, enriching food products through adding nutrients to a food product or through increasing soil fertility and breeding crop for nutrient efficiency are alternatives available to improve food quality. However, poor people have no excess to food additives and can benefit from naturally enriched food products or what being called Biofortification. The existence of a general geographical overlap between soil Zn deficiency and human Zn deficiency has been already postulated. As agriculturebased food products are the major source of human nutrition, the relationship between the nutrient status of soils, food crops, and human health is understandable. poor but also deliver all the essential nutrients needed for adequate nutritional health. Sustainable solutions to malnutrition will only be found by closely linking agriculture to nutrition and health. The undergoing review would discuss these concepts and their implementation and uses with special concern on Iraqi conditions.


A laboratory study was conducted with a brackish marsh sediment contaminated by several trace and toxic metals to determine the effect of a range of pH, redox potential, and salinity conditions on the release of metals to the soluble phase. The purpose of the study was to provide information on factors affecting the mobilization~immobilization of metal contaminants under conditions of various possible remediation alternatives. Substantial amounts of Cd and Zn were released under moderately acid, oxidizing conditions. Under the present slightly basic, strongly anaerobic environment of the marsh sediment, the metals are being effectively immobilized compared to the release that would occur for some of the metals if the sediments were excavated and placed under upland conditions where they would eventually become oxidized and strongly acidic.


One of the advantages of float process is the excellent quality of glass surface.Borosilicate float glass is the hot research in recent years.Temperature and time had been researched to indicate how they influence the polishing stage of borosilicate float glass during forming process,the influence was studied by using the atomic force microscopy(AFM).The results show that the decisive factor influencing surface polishing quality is temperature rather than time.And the borosilicate float glass can achieve good polishing effect quickly when the temperature above 1250℃.


The influence of different wear time upon the formation of self-repair coating on the worn surfaces of 45 steel pairs and mechanism thereof are investigated by using MMU-5G end-face friction and wear tester.By using scanning electron microscope(SEM)and Energy dispersive X-ray(EDX),The surface of rubbing pairs and appearance of the self-repair coatings and their chemical composition are tested.The experimental results indicate that the wear time has a great influence on the formation of self-repair coating on the worn surface.When the time of friction and wear is 24 h,the sample weightlessness is zero,the self-repair coatings of the sample's worn surface are formed,which makes the surface smooth and the metal wear reduced effectively.


Over one thousand samples which was acquired from original excavation sites provided abun- dant speciments for the microstructure study of ancient Chinese copper arntefacts. The results show that the materials of ancient Chinese copper include pure copper, arsenic copper,lead bronze, lead-tin bronze, brass, lead brass, silver copper, arsenic paktong and nickel paktong, etc. The microstructure of ancient Chinese cop- per artefacts illustrate the casting structure of different composition, working structure including hot working and cold working and unusual cases, which differ from those of the modem copper alloys.


A procedure was developed to generate a computerized time intensity profile of the solar proton intensity expected at the Earth after the occurrence of a significant solar flares on the Sun. A combination of many pieces of independent research and theoretical results are included. A construction of selected experimental and theoretical results from the entire domain of solar terrestrial physics is given.


The present study extends previous observations on the acuta treatment with alpha‐glycerylphosphorylcholine (GPC), a putative acetylcholine (ACh) precursor, and investigates the effect of chronic treatment with this drug on scopolamine‐induced amnesia and on ACh release in the rat. The drug acutely administered antagonizes the amnesic effect of scopolamine (0.75 mg/kg s.c.) in passive avoidance experiments. The effect peaked at 600 mg/kg i.g. and lasted up to 30 hr. Potassium‐stimulated release of ACh from slices of hippocampus and cerebral cortex was measured after various doses of GPC. The dose curve study indicated that GPC was able to increase ACh release in the hippocampus already at the dose of 75 mg/kg i.g. The maximum effect was obtained with 300 mg/kg i.g. (147% of the control values). The increase of the ACh release reached a maximum 3 hrfollowing the administration, then declined toward control values. In the cortex, the effect was much less pronounced and shorter than in the hippocampus. The repeated (100 and 300 mg/kg i.g.; 22 days) GPC administration effectively antagonized scopolamine‐induced amnesia, indicating that there was no tolerance to this effect of GPC. While both doses were behaviorally active only 300 mg/kg was able to increase ACh release from hippocampus ( + 271 %) and cortex ( + 57%). The data support the hypothesis that GPC improves behavioral performance in passive avoidance through an action on cholinergic transmission. On the other hand, it should be stressed that the action on ACh release is observed in a narrow time window in contrast to the long lasting effect on behavior. It is tempting to speculate that the effect on ACh may be related to cortical activation and important but not sufficient to explain the antagonism of scopolamine‐induced amnesia. Along this line other mechanisms, possibly triggered by the action on ACh, may contribute to mediate the behavioral effect of GPC. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


This essay offers a critical reading of David Kelsey's hamartiology in Eccentric Existence. I elucidate Kelsey's "trinitarian grammar of sin," which charts how human lives characteristically "miss the mark" of God's creating, consummating, and reconciling ways of relating to us. Kelsey uses this dynamic pattern of divine relating to illuminate the appropriate responses of the Christian life—faith, hope, and love—and their fundamental distortions. I commend three major contributions of Kelsey's hamartiology: his parsing of the relationship between sin and moral evil, his overturning of modernity's anthropocentric paradigm of sin, and his reconstruction of original sin. I conclude with three clusters of questions relating to: first, Kelsey's root paradigm of sin as idolatry, second, his use of impurity and stain language to describe original sin, and third, what is at stake in crafting theological anthropology in the analytical style of Eccentric Existence.


Writing almost 80 years ago, the eminent twentieth-century sociologist Robert Merton sketched out four principles that should guide science: universalism, communality, disinterestedness, and organized skepticism. Universalism represents the norm of impartiality in evaluating claims—that is, the personal characteristics of the scientist or consumer of results should not matter. Communality involves the notion that scientific production is inherently collaborative and hence its fruits should belong to the broader community rather than being privately (and secretly) held. Disinterestedness is the idea that the scientist cannot have a stake in the outcome of the process—political or otherwise; that is, she cannot be gunning for a particular answer but must be willing to accept whatever the data reveal. Finally, organized skepticism compels the scientist to question everything and disregard the notion that some domains are sacred and should be accepted on faith. Writing in the middle of the Second World War, he had yet to witness the horrors of Nazi pseudo-science and human experimentation, the subjugation of certain scientific domains (e.g., genetics) under Soviet ideology, or the rise and fall of scientific authority in the United States. Indeed, the post-War period, up to the Milgram and Stanford Prison Experiments and the revelation of the Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment (and the human subjects protections these set in motion), can be thought of as the high-water mark in terms of societal respect—and even reverence—for science. Since roughly the moon landing, public trust in science has steadily fallen. Social and behavioral science, in particular, has been under assault. While, of course, this shift has deep roots in the broader cultural and political landscape, academics themselves have contributed to the problem. For instance, the war on science did not originate as the right-wing enterprise it appears to be now. In the 1980s and 1990s, cultural studies critiques of science went so far as to question the very notion of objective knowledge of the world. Meanwhile, today the reality of campus politics means that there are certain areas of investigation that are seen as taboo—leading to a crumbling of organized skepticism— while some social science—and sociology in particular—has lost its disinterestedness and come to resemble legal scholarship in that evidence is marshaled in support of a particular, predetermined position rather than in a framework where researchers are open to any answer. And then, of course, there is the replication crisis that originated in psychology and has spread like brushfire to the rest of the human sciences. Add in some high-profile instances of research fraud, and it should come as no surprise that social science is being forced to reexamine itself. This is where Garret Christensen, Jeremy Freese, and Edward Miguel come in. Their volume Transparent and Reproducible Social Science Research: How to Do Open Science is both a welcome salvo in defense of good social science and Transparent and Reproducible Social Science Research: How to Do Open Science, by Garret Christensen, Jeremy Freese, and Edward Miguel. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2019. 266 pp. $35.00 paper. ISBN: 9780520296954.


This paper outlines some characteristics of the academic activity in the Japanese colonial setting, with special reference to meteorology on the southern colonial frontier of Japan's Empire, through the works of Ogasawara Kazuo at Taihoku Imperial University. We first review the establishment of Japan's overseas meteorological network and the corresponding institutionalization of meteorology in that period. We will then consider Ogasawara's academic works at Taihoku Imperial University, and analyse how a pure scientist shifted to colonial management and justified Japan's expansion as far as Australia and New Zealand. We will examine his moral dilemma, how he wrote his work on tropical climate, and his interpretation of Huntingtonian environmental determinism. Through the analysis of Ogasawara's works, we are able to see at least one aspect of Japan's colonial science, its syncretic nature and pragmatism.


The vertical profile of atmospheric CO2 is of great scientific significance in identifying carbon sinks and sources, and estimating CO2 emissions or uptakes. Differential absorption Light Detection And Ranging (DIAL), has been widely accepted as the most promising technique to sense atmospheric CO2. The classical method to retrieve measurements, generated from range-resolved detection, is derived from differentiating the measured column content, but its performance in dealing with aerosol backscatter signals is poor. To address this issue, this paper proposes a derivative method, which is based on Chebyshev fitting to the measured differential absorption optical depth. We created a performance evaluation model to assess the performance of the proposed method. Simulations revealed that the error of a single CO2 profile in data retrieval can be reduced to less than 4 ppm in 6000 m. The precision of long-term mean CO2 profile is expected to be less than 1 ppm. We believe that this novel method can be used in other applications also, e.g., trace gas measurements collected using DIAL, especially when the signal-to-noise-ratio of received signal is small.


This paper contains information about workers´ participation in the pension schemes in four Latin American countries which carried out structural pension reforms in 1990's. It surveys some interesting hypotheses about the main causes that discourage participation in the new pension scheme. The main finding is that the present participation structure is strongly influenced by labor market characteristics like low-productivity and informal jobs.


Perioperative mortality is low for patients undergoing abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair, but long‐term survival remains poor. Although patients diagnosed with AAA have a significant burden of cardiovascular disease and associated risk factors, there is limited understanding of the contribution of cardiovascular risk management to long‐term survival.


This paper presents a 2.3GHz - 2.7GHz broadband CMOS FDD/TDD LTE Band 7. 38, 40 and 41 power amplifier (PA) fully integrated with a fast envelope tracker (ET) on a single 0.18μm CMOS die. The PA and the tracker achieve a 37% overall efficiency for 26.5dBm and -39dBc ACLR1. The entire design including the input/output match uses an active silicon area around 2.7mm2.


Software testing is a key for the software quality and reliability.Object oriented software development improves reuse and maintainability,but its new features, such as encapsulation,inheritance,polymorphism with dynamic binding raises more new issues.According to some specific aspects and attributes of object oriented software,the main contents of object oriented software testing,levels of testing and approches for designing the test method have been summarized in the present paper. The current situation and future development of object oriented software testing technology have also been discussed.


The invention discloses a general and adjustable floor foundation embedded assembly for an indoor GIS and a construction method of the general and adjustable floor foundation embedded assembly for the indoor GIS. The general and adjustable floor foundation embedded assembly for the indoor GIS comprises a floor structural layer main beam, auxiliary beams, columns and a GIS device foundation embedded assembly body, wherein the GIS device foundation embedded assembly body comprises general embedded parts and connection embedded parts. Within the arrangement range of a floor GIS device, the multiple general embedded parts are laid in parallel on a floor structural layer in the main beam direction in advance, the top level of the general embedded parts is consistent with the height of the floor, the multiple connection embedded parts are welded on the general embedded parts in the direction perpendicular to the general embedded parts, and the number of the connection embedded parts and the space between the connection embedded parts are determined according to the actual size of the GIS device. The general and adjustable floor foundation embedded assembly for the indoor GIS and the construction method of the general and adjustable floor foundation embedded assembly for the indoor GIS have the advantages that the problem that as a manufacturer of the GIS device submits data of the embedded parts in a lagging mode, the construction period of design is affected is solved; the problem of uniqueness of type selection of the GIS device of a long-dated project is solved, and strong support is provided for flexibly selecting the device in a long date.


Slurry impoundment designs and operations using single point discharge systems result in differential distribution of slurry constituents due to interaction of flow velocity, particle size, and specific gravity. Typical distribution patterns are characterized by physical and chemical gradients established between the high discharge and low decant ends of the basin. Previous and ongoing research at the laboratory identified the wetland development potential of these areas through direct planting of adapted species without use of soil cover. Assessment of hydrogeochemical parameters is necessary to delineate wetland management zones for effective reclamation planning. Recent evaluations of midwest impoundments were used to characterize site zonation and significant physical-chemical relationships. Wetland development can have tremendous economic and environmental benefits as a reclamation alternative; however, implementation of this technique can be greatly facilitated through pre-disposal planning and design. Selective placement of favorable (silt and clay) fractions through discharge management can extend wetland zones and significantly reduce the undesirable toxic discharge zone. Modifications of discharge operation (staged movement of discharge point) and structures (multiple discharge points) to reduce discharge velocity can improve pond efficiency (settling time) and enhance the final solids distribution and topography for wetland development.


To detect malicious activity, an intrusion detection system (IDS) automates the procedure of observing and reasoning events that take place in the computer network. The existing intrusion detection system is confined to particular sorts of malicious activity, and it may not be able to identify new types of malicious activity, thus ML techniques were employed to implement the detection system at a faster rate. The intrusion detection system employs ML technologies such as random forest and support vector machines. This system has three main modules: data preparation, feature mapping, modelling and accuracy analyser. In this paper accuracy and sensitivity of both the support vector and random forest algorithms will be compared, with the results verified at a faster rate. The results show that machine learning approaches can aid intrusion detection using a dataset (KDD '99) that also highlights the findings of the prediction model which can differentiate between intrusions and normal connections.


Aperture Array Verification System 1 (AAVS1) is a prototype and verification platform for SKA-Low, the low-frequency component of the international Square Kilometre Array (SKA) radio telescope to be built at the remote, radio-quiet Murchison Radio-astronomy Observatory (MRO) in Western Australia. The 400-antenna AAVS1 is a sparse aperture array which will be built and characterized in 2016-17. It is the primary Critical Design Review demonstrator for SKA-Low and is an undertaking by the seven-member Aperture Array Design and Construction Consortium. AAVS1 is hosted at the MRO by the Murchison Widefield Array (MWA) radio telescope, the first operational SKA precursor telescope. This paper introduces the AAVS1 instrument and outlines its use in both stand-alone and MWA-adjunct modes.


The ability to withstand mitochondrial damage is especially critical for cells such as neurons that survive long-term. We report that cytochrome c (cyt c ), a key trigger of apoptosis that is released upon mitochondrial permeabilization, is targeted for proteasome-mediated degradation in postmitotic neurons but not in normal proliferating cells. Importantly, an unbiased siRNA screen identifiedp53 associated Parkin-like cytoplasmic protein (PARC/CUL9) as an E3 ligase that targets cyt c for degradation. PARC/CUL9 levels were markedly elevated with neuronal differentiation and over expression of PARC/CUL9 was sufficient to promote cyt c degradation. Conversely, PARC/CUL9 deficiency made neurons more vulnerable to mitochondrial damage, compromising their ability to survive long-term. Degradation of cyt c by an identical mechanism was also seen in brain tumor cells, highlighting this as an important strategy engaged by neurons and cancer cells to ensure optimal long-term survival.


An arthroscope is a tool for allowing an endoscope to be inserted directly into the inside of a joint to observe its structure, in contrast to X-rays, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging, which directly capture pictures of a joint. Therefore, it can effectively treat
 joint diseases by identifying causes of pain that are not found by, e.g., computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. However, joint endoscopy has a very high cost, is very burdensome for patients, and has problems in regards to infection when being re-used. Thus, we developed disposable
 joint endoscopic camera modules for preventing re-use and infection, and researched approaches to reducing patient waiting times and cost burdens. In that regard, it is necessary to improve the brightness and color of the images, as they are used for compacting and disposal of the camera modules.
 In addition, we studied methods for improving automatic images, as image colors may vary (owing to blood or other foreign substances) when observed using the arthroscope. The proposed framework is divided into two sequences. First, we perform a histogram modification algorithm as an image
 enhancement technique. This results in a brightness optimization effect on the arthroscopic image. Second, we conduct a high saturation color mapping before proceeding to the next step. In particular, one of the reference points for diagnosing a disease is color information; thus, the improvement
 of color saturation is considered first in the color mapping. The proposed method provides better brightness values while preserving color information.


Here is the second part of the discussion of bridging the cultural divide in social discourse, Peter C. Hill at Biola University looks at intellectual humility with consideration to one's convictions. Surely many of us have found ourselves at some point in the delicate position of discussing a contentious social issue about which we have a clear and fervently held idea of what is correct with someone who is equally fervent in holding an opposite opinion. Such disagreements can carry with them the significant divisive potential that challenges, at a micro level, peaceful coexistence among friends or family members and, at the macro level, a profound social and political polarization within a democratic society. How can such a factional tendency be countered without compromising one's strongly held-convictions?