: SPR or self piercing riveting is a cold mechanical joining process in which the sheets of materials are joined by driving a rivet piercing through the top sheet or top and middle sheets and eventually lock under the guidance of a suitable die into the bottom sheet. SPR is currently the main joining method for mixed-material lightweight automotive structures and aluminium. SPR was originated half century ago, but it only had significant progress in the last 25 years due to the requirement of joining light-weight materials, such as aluminium alloy structures, aluminium-steel structures and other mixed-material structures, from the automotive industry. Compared with other conventional joining methods, SPR has many advantages including no pre-drilled holes required, no fume, no spark and low noise, no surface treatment required, ability to join multi-layer materials and mixed materials and ability to produce joints with high static and fatigue strengths. In this paper, research investigations that have been conducted on self-piercing riveting will be extensively reviewed. The current state and development of SPR process is reviewed and the influence of the key process parameters on joint quality is discussed. The tests and relevance of SPR joints, the advantages and possible disadvantages, applications and futuristic trends of SPR are reviewed.


. Jaguar Land Rover is a luxury automotive multinational known throughout the world. This report applies Porter's diamond framework and analyses both the institutional Environment and ownership advantage aspects to deduce which of the four countries - Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and Vietnam - Jaguar Land Rover should establish a manufacturing hub. Also, whether the company shouldacquireanexistingplantinthatcountryorestablishagreenfieldinvestment.


Infestation parameters and indexes of ectoparasites associated with each sex of  Oxymycterus rufus  (Fischer) are compared. Males relative density index = 4.4%, females RDI = 5.0%. A total of 873 ectoparasites were collected on 38 males, and 1015 on 43 females; specific richness = 12.0, specific diversity = 1.2 on males, and S = 11.0 H = 0.7 on females. The similarity between both sexes according to their ectoparasites was of 87.0%. The results obtained show that host sex may influence on the prevalence and mean abundance of those ectoparasites which in previous studies have showed preference for  O. rufus,  such as  Androlaelaps fahrenholzi  (Berlese) (mean abundance = 3.5 and prevalence = 65.8% in males; mean abundance = 1.6 and prevalence = 50.0% in females),  Eutrombicula alfreddugesi  (Oudemans) (mean abundance = 10.9 and prevalence = 29.0% in males; mean abundance = 18.7 and prevalence = 32.6% in females) and  Ornithonyssus bacoti  (Hirst) (mean abundance = 7.8 and prevalence = 63.0% in males; mean abundance = 2.7 and prevalence = 52.6% in females). This information is important since an epidemiological viewpoint


The influence of light quality (direct light, red, far-red and dark) on seed germination and seedling growth was examined in six different medicinal plant species viz., Lepidium sativum Linn., Spilanthes acmella Linn., Matricaria chamomilla Linn., Ammi majus Linn., Andrographis paniculata Nees. and Cassia tora Linn. in Tarai region of Uttarakhand with three replicates for 15 days under laboratory conditions. The results revealed that the rate of germination and per cent seed germination differ from species to species and light conditions. The per cent seed germination was maximum inL. sativum (89.67% in far - red) and minimum in M. chamomilla (40.0% in direct). M. chamomilla and S. acmella was failed to germinate under dark condition, whereas L. sativum showed maximum per cent seed germination (62%). The seedling growth in terms of length (cm) and dry weight (mg) of 15 days old was significantly affected by light quality in all the species. All the species exhibited maximum radicle length (cm) under direct light except in S. acmella (6.67 in red light) whereas plumule length (cm) was maximum in C. tora (11.78), L. sativum (8.59), A. paniculata (7.18) and A. majus (5.93) in dark. Interestingly, maximum total seedling dry weight (mg) was under direct light in all the species and it was maximum in C. tora (7.06) and minimum in M. chamomilla (2.80) indicating that direct light is favourable for seedling growth.


Gallium nitride (GaN) based high-electron-mobility transistor (HEMT) is getting popular in power electronics applications due to its low on-state resistance and superior switching characteristics. The on-state resistance of the switch is an important factor in the efficiency of the GaN switch based power converter. Firstly, the basic principle of operation of a normally-on GaN/AlGaN HEMT is reviewed. Then parallelization of several basic HEMT units internally to form a multi-finger-structured GaN device to achieve high current rating is illustrated. Later, estimation of the on-state resistance of a given device based on its internal structure and composition is attempted. Further, the variations in on-resistance with thickness of metalization of drain and source pads, length of the drain and source fingers, and the sheet resistance of two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) are studied. This study on on-state resistance is used to provide architecture-level inputs to the design of a multi-finger GaN device for power electronics applications.


Mumbai is financial and commercial capital of India. Mumbai wouldn't have achieved this without the lifeline of the city–its local trains. Aim of our study was to find out most demographic profile manner and causes of death in railway deaths. Total number of 51 railway death cases was noted during study period. Most of the deaths belonging to younger age group 21 to 30 yrs (28%). Males (96.07%) preponderance was observed in our study. Maximum numbers of railway accidents were seen during the evening hours between 1600 to 2000 hrs. The majority of the victims were brought dead 27 (52%). Greatest number of deaths were accidental (98%) in nature. There were less suicidal cases (02%) and no case of homicidal death noted. Most common reason behind railway deaths was hit by train while crossing railway track 48% and 30% had fallen from running train due to overcrowding. Intracranial hemorrhage due to Head injury (47.05%) was most common cause of death. Railway accidents can be preventable by taking appropriate measures such as attentive surveillance, ambulance availability at stations, safety engineering and awareness among passengers.


Potential health capital financed by government is huge and characterized by devaluing,being unable to store,orienting future,schedulable,external transforming,and money similarity.It can greatly contribute to health development by transforming potential health capital into health fund.So we proposed government dominating,marketing operation,bank participating,health insurance connecting,and supply and demand side complementation.


This paper presents a flexible spotlight synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image formation algorithm that can be applied to multistatic configurations allowing the formation and combination of images from multiple passive receivers. Multiple receivers collecting radar returns at different angles can provide better detection against reduced radar cross section (RCS) objects and objects able to spread energy in many directions. A specialized time-frequency algorithm with selective matched filtering was developed for the monostatic case and extended to multiple passive receiver (multistatic) scenarios. The algorithm meets stringent geometric fidelity requirements necessary for combining images from multiple platforms imaging the scene and is shown to produce good results for both side-looking (broadside) and forward-looking (squinted) spotlight geometries. Simulations were used to test and validate the algorithms against both point reflectors and a simulated realistic scene for varying platform geometry/trajectory combinations.


Abstract Bipolar outflows constitute some of the best laboratories to study shock chemistry in the interstellar medium. A number of molecular species have their abundance enhanced by several orders of magnitude in the outflow gas, likely as a combined result of dust mantle disruption and high temperature gas chemistry, and therefore become sensitive indicators of the physical changes taking place in the shock. Identifying these species and understanding their chemical behavior is therefore of high interest both to chemical studies and to our understanding of the star-formation process. Here we review some of the recent progress in the study of the molecular composition of bipolar outflows, with emphasis in the tracers most relevant for shock chemistry. As we discuss, there has been rapid progress both in characterizing the molecular composition of certain outflows as well as in modeling the chemical processes likely involved. However, a number of limitations still affect our understanding of outflow chemistry. These include a very limited statistical approach in the observations and a dependence of the models on plane-parallel shocks, which cannot reproduce the observed wing morphology of the lines. We finish our contribution by discussing the chemistry of the so-called extremely high velocity component, which seems different from the rest of the outflow and may originate in the wind from the very vicinity of the protostar.


Objective: The role of MRI in assessment of placenta previa. Subjects and methods: Ultrasound, color Doppler and magnetic resonance imaging were performed for 60 gravid females with placenta previa prior to delivery. Delivery plan was made according to the imaging prediction of the degree of placenta previa and the presence or absence of placenta accreta. Findings at cesarean section considered the gold standard of reference. Results: Matching between US and MRI findings was 73.3% (n= 11/15) of the negative cases and in 80% (n = 36/45) of the positive cases of placenta accrete. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of Ultrasound and MRI were 80%, 73.3%, 90% , 55% and 88.9, 86.7, 95.2%, 72.2% , respectively,The accuracy of US and MRI was 78.3 % and 88.3%respectively regarding their ability to predict placenta accreta. Conclusion: Magnetic resonance imaging should be added to the ultra sound examination for accurate diagnosis of placenta previa and the co-existing placenta accreta.


This paper examines, in the framework of relational grammar, the distribution of the perfect auxiliaries essere and avere in medieval Neapolitan, as they are used in four texts of the fourteenth and the fifteenth centuries. While, as in Italian, only avere can be the auxiliary in initially unergative clauses (avite parlato, aio suspirato, etc.), initially unaccusative clauses occur with both perfect auxiliaries. Such alternation (era andato and avesse andato, ey venuto and averria venuto) is considered as conditioned by morphosyntactic reasons, which do not depend on semantic factors. Finally, the author points out how the auxiliary essere is often found in reflexives with retroherent advancement (adonarese, rebbellarese, etc.) while different categories of reflexives prefer or require avere


In this work, we explore generating morphologically enhanced word embeddings for Tamil, a highly agglutinative South Indian language with rich morphology that remains low-resource with regards to NLP tasks. We present here the first-ever word analogy dataset for Tamil, consisting of 4499 hand-curated word tetrads across 10 semantic and 13 morphological relation types. Using a rules-based segmenter to capture morphology as well as meta-embedding techniques, we train meta-embeddings that outperform existing baselines by 16% on our analogy task and appear to mitigate a previously observed trade-off between semantic and morphological accuracy.


Design of the pavement layer to be laid over the subgrade soil can start with the estimation of subgrade strength or capacity and the volume of traffic to be carried. Various pavement layers are very much dependent on the strength of subgrade soil over which they are going to be laid. The subgrade soil can be subjected to change in moisture or saturation level due to capillary rise/saturation (hc). The hydraulic conductivity of subgrade soil can be strongly dependent on the texture (contents), grain size, densities and voids of the soil. Change in moisture level in subgrade soil causes change in subgrade properties, strength or capacity and it can be quite essential for engineers to understand the effects of capillary rise on the variation of moisture in subgrade soil and effects on the strength properties. The strength properties of subgrade soil is mostly expressed in terms of CBR (California Bearing Ratio) and understanding the dependence of the CBR strength of subgrade soil on water content (moisture variation) will contribute better towards the design and maintenance practices. The strength of subgrade soil may vary largely on the amount of saturation in it, i.e. the amount of water exposed in the subgrade soil. Hence in this research an attempt has been made are to determine or estimate hydraulic conductivity of the subgrade soil at varies densities, Saturation level due to capillary rise/height at varies degree of soaking (time of saturation) from day (0) to day (4) and study the effects of capillary saturation on the properties of subgrade soil, including CBR at different level of saturation through the purposive sampling in each five stations. It observed that for each four stations subgrade soils, the strength properties reduced, i.e. the CBR values reduced from the un soaked condition to soaked condition. For sample 1 subgrade soils, the CBR values reduced by 82% to the un soaked condition or no change in moisture and provide a subgrade soil with non-susceptible to hydraulic conductivity which can reduces flow of water through them.


INTRODUCTION Pulmonary carcinoid represents 3% of lung neoplasms. Although surgical resection is the gold standard, endoscopic techniques may offer an alternative in selected cases. METHODS Retrospective study of all patients diagnosed with carcinoid tumor (1999-2013) at a terciary hospital. The epidemiology, clinical parameters, treatment type and overall survival were evaluated. RESULTS 96 patients recruited. 63 had a smoking history>10 P-Y. Time from symptom onset to diagnosis: 13.69+/-11.64 months. Clinical features at presentation: recurrent pneumonia (n=36, 37.5%), cough (n=29, 30.2%), hemoptysis (n=16, 16.6%). 22 patients were asymptomatic (22.9%). The most common location: right upper lobe (n=24, 25%). Most frequent histology: typical type (n=81, 84.3%). 8 patients were managed conservatively. 3 tumor-related deaths: all with atypical histology and conservative treatment. Overall 5-year survival: 94.6%. For those treated endoscopically: 100%, for those receiving surgery: 97.8%. CONCLUSIONS Pulmonary carcinoid has generally a good prognosis. The treatment of choice is surgery, but in selected cases, endoscopic resection may be a good alternative, with comparable results to surgery.


Using geotextile tubes as dewatering technology may significantly contribute to sustainable treatment of sludge generated in different industries, such as the water industry. This is an economical alternative for dewatering sludge from a Water Treatment Plant (WTP), which prevents sludge from being directly deposited in water bodies and makes it possible to then transfer the sludge to landfills. This paper presents a laboratory study and a statistical analysis, carried out to evaluate the geotextile tube dewatering of sludge from a WTP, discussing the relation between the independent variables (initial Total Solids (TS) of the sludge and polymer dosing) and dependent variables (performance indices used in the literature) evaluated using semi-performance tests. Sludge from a WTP and three different types of geotextiles bags were used. Changes in the geotextiles' characteristics after dewatering were also evaluated, quantitatively using permittivity tests and qualitatively by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results indicated turbidity of effluent that met the Brazilian regulations for the discharge of effluents into Class 2 water bodies, as well as higher percent-solids than those obtained with mechanical dewatering technologies. This study underscores the importance of semi-performance tests to understand dewatering in geotextile tubes.


India will need to investment heavily in its electricity sector over the next two and a half decades to ensure that its economic growth remains unhampered. A growing proportion of that investment will need to come from the private sector.


With the widespread popularity of E-learning in higher education, a small private online course(short for SPOC)generally becomes an increasingly hot spot of educational reform aiming for boosting the quality of higher education in China. The purpose of this study is to explore the challenges that teachers are faced with when they are conducting small private online courses. The design method used in this study involved a qualitative research methods that included online semi-structured interviews and in-depth interviews, carrying out a case study among a group of teachers in a university in China. The university has implemented the SPOCs for only 3 years to face with educational reform. The results indicate that there are four main challenges that were found: the challenge in scientific design of teaching activities, the challenge in better exploring students indeed need, the challenge in the interaction between teachers and students and the challenge in awareness of continuous innovation in online teaching. As a consequence of the challenges found, the teachers felt a need for professional development support. The results may help teachers determine what to take into account while designing and teaching SPOCs aimed at deep learning.


THIS WORK REPRESENTS A CONTRIBUTION TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE BASIC AND FISHERY BIOLOGY OF CHITON ARTICULATUS, WHICH IS EXPLOITED BY AMATEUR FISHERMEN ALONG THE COAST OF MAZATLAN, SINALOA. COLLECTIONS WERE MADE EVERY TWO MONTHS FROM FEBRUARY TO DECEMBER OF 2000 AT FOUR DIFFERENT SITES IN THE INTERTIDAL ZONE OF PAJAROS AND VENADOS ISLANDS, DURING THE LOWEST TIDE. TWO SITES WERE IN THE PROTECTED ZONE FACING MAZATLAN BAY AND TWO IN THE EXPOSED ZONES OF BOTH ISLANDS. ALL SPECIMENS WERE IDENTIFIED AND MEASURED IN THE LABORATORY WHERE BODY SIZE AND WEIGHT WERE OBTAINED WITH A CALIPER (±0.1 MM) AND SCALE (± 0.001G) RESPECTIVELY. THE TOTAL LENGTH (LT) OF THE 1,236 SPECIMENS EXAMINED VARIED BETWEEN 11.2 AND 86.8 MM, HEIGHT (AL) BETWEEN 2.0 AND 48.1 MM, WIDTH (AN) FROM 7.1 MM TO 48.1 MM AND TOTAL WEIGHT (PT) FROM 0.1 G TO 53.8 G. SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS SHOWED THAT MOST OF THE POPULATION WAS BETWEEN LT OF 31 - 64 MM WITH A MODAL LT OF 41.1 MM AND MEAN OF 45.6±8.5 MM. THE LARGER SIZES WERE RECORDED ON THE EXPOSED ZONE OF PAJAROS ISLAND AND THE SMALLER SIZES WERE FOUND IN THE PROTECTED ZONE OF VENADOS ISLAND. THIS DIFFERENCE CAN BE EXPLAINED BY WAVE EXPOSURE AND DIFFERENCES IN FISHERY PRESSURE RELATED TO THE EASE OF ACCESS TO EACH ZONE. BIOMETRIC RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN SIZES WERE LINEAR {AN=0.5423(LT)+2.7594, AL=0.2316(LT)-0.4576 AND AL=0.3807(AN)-0.3832} AND BETWEEN SIZE AND WEIGHT WERE EXPONENTIAL {PT=0.0001(LT)2.8404, PT=0.0005(AN)2.8807 AND PT=0.0329(AL)2.3236}; THE VALUES OF SLOPE (B) BETWEEN SIZE AND WEIGHT RELATIONSHIPS WERE CLOSE TO 3, INDICATING ISOMETRIC GROWTH. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PT AND FOOT WEIGHT (PP) WAS {PT=4.8778(PP)+1.0933}, WHICH MEANS THAT THE PORTION OF EACH SPECIMEN USED WAS 17 % OF PT. CAPTURE OF C. ARTICULATUS IS A SUBSISTENCE ACTIVITY FOR DIFFERENT GROUPS FOR TEMPORARY RELIEF IN TIMES OF POOR CATCHES OR TO COMPLEMENT EARNINGS FROM OTHER ACTIVITIES. THERE ARE NO REGULATIONS GOVERNING THE HARVESTING AND COMMERCIALIZATION OF THIS MOLLUSK.


Blockchain technology has been receiving considerable attention from industry and academia, for it promises to disrupt the digital online world by enabling a democratic, open, and scalable digital economy based on decentralized distributed consensus without the intervention of third-party trusted authorities. Smart contracts, computer programs executed on top of a blockchain, are at the core of this technology, for they allow the creation of new distributed applications. Millions of smart contracts have been deployed on Ethereum, a major blockchain platform for smart contracts, and although they are seen with great potential, smart contracts have been known to have several security problems. Recent attacks on smart contracts and critical vulnerabilities discovered show us the huge financial loss they can impose on the users and warn us for the necessity of having methods that lead to secure and reliable implementations. Over the last few years several static analysis tools have been developed specifically targeting Ethereum smart contracts. In this dissertation, we present a review of state-of-the-art static analysis tools and introduce SmartBugs, a new extendable execution framework, created to facilitate the integration and comparison between multiple analysis tools and the analysis of Ethereum smart contracts. SmartBugs includes two datasets with a total of 47,661 Solidity smart contracts. We use SmartBugs to perform an empirical evaluation of 7 state-of-the-art automated analysis tools using the two new datasets. Our study shows that Mythril is the most sensitive and Slither has the best precision. In addition, we present an extension that improves SmartCheck.


ABSTRACT: Refractive laser surgery is all about the accuracy, whether screening or surgery, given the age and profile of the patient enduring these trials, there is no margin for error. Most of them are for aesthetic reasons, contact lens intolerance, or professional reasons, including athletes. In this article, the role of artificial intelligence and deep learning in laser eye surgeries has been introduced. The presence of lingering laser spots on the retina after refractive laser surgery in diabetic retinopathy poses a potential risk to visual integrity and ocular well-being. The hypothesis for the research paper is that the hybridized convolutional neural network models, including LeNet-1, AlexNet, VGG16, PolyNet, Inception V2, and Inception-ResNetV2, will yield varying levels of performance in classifying and segmenting laser spots in the retina after diabetic retinopathy surgery. The hypothesis predicts that Inception-ResNetV2 will demonstrate superior results compared to the other CNN versions. The research aims to provide a novel approach for laser therapies and treatments, facilitating the rapid classification, highlighting, and segmentation of laser marks on the retina for prompt medical precautions. The comparative analysis revealed that Inception-ResNetV2 exhibited exceptional performance in both training and validation, achieving the highest accuracy (96.54%) for classifying diabetic retinopathy images. Notably, VGG16 also demonstrated strong performance with a validation accuracy of 94%. Conversely, LeNet-1, AlexNet, PolyNet, and Inception V2 displayed comparatively lower accuracy rates, suggesting their architectures may be less optimized for this particular image classification task. This achievement holds immense promise for timely detection, precise localization, and optimal management of laser spots, fostering enhanced visual outcomes and elevating the standards of patient care in this context.


Environmental Implications on Energy and Emissions of the use of a Connected and Autonomous Vehicle Environment Jooyoung Kim, Sangung Park, KwangSik Kim, Seungaje Lee* Integrated Urban Research Center, Unversity of Seoul, Korea Department of Transportation System Research, The Seoul Institute , Korea Department of Public Administration, Sungkyunkwan University, Korea Department of Transportation Engineering, Unversity of Seoul, Korea email@example.com


This article examines the literatures concerning consumers' perception towards sex appeal advertising and measures the effects of sex appeal advertising in terms of cognitive, emotions and attitudes. Sex appeal advertising could affect a society's cultural values, lifestyles and behaviors. It validates the positive impact of sex appeal advertising when model and respondent are sex opposite. When comparing the responses of male and female respondents, same-sex-nude model advertisements were viewed more negatively while opposite-sex-nude model advertisements were viewed more positively. Male tends to evaluate male nudity negatively whereas female evaluated positively to male nudity. Further analyses on the acceptance of nudity in advertisement by Malaysian Chinese had significantly different compared with Chinese in China. However, no significant differences were found between Muslim and Indian respondents when viewing sex appeal advertisement. The findings indicate that female respondents are ambivalent towards sex appeal advertisement from the perspective of emotions. Sex appeal can evoke emotional responses. Female respondents feel more cheerful, more interested and less irritating on high emotional advertisements than non-emotional advertisements. The emotional messages also affect memory significantly. Female generate greater memory than male on those images rated as most emotionally. In general, females were found to exhibit higher memory levels than males. However, even if female view high emotional advertisements are better than non-emotional advertisements, they may still generate negative feelings towards sex appeal advertising. The general attitude towards sex appeal advertising also appears to have a strong impact on attitudes. Female reported disproportionately negative attitudes toward sex appeal advertising, but male did not show a parallel response to sex appeal advertising. However, regardless of the respondent's gender, the use of strong overt sexual appeal in advertising was not well received. The findings concluded that there are significant differences in interpretation between male and female. The study identified opportunities for further research in cognitive, emotional and attitude.


In preceding papers of this series (Smith, 1950a, b, 1951a; Smith, Harris-Smith & Stanley, 1951) the virulence-enhancing action of mucin has been shown to be a synergic combination of a viscous medium, a particulate residue Iand a more specific 'third factor'. The activity of the latter, in a biological assay in which the other two factors were kept constant (Smith et al. 1951), was shown to reside in the carbohydrate moiety (Smith, Gallop & Stanley, 1952) which has been separated into several components. Polysaccharide A, the most active component, was purified and identified as a heparin (Smith, Gallop, Harris-Smith & Stanley, 1952). Impure polysaccharide B, a sulphated compound, had a low activity, a proportion of which could be attributed to contamination with polysaccharide A. The latter has now been removed (see preceding paper); as was expected the activity of polysaccharide B (see below) then dropped to a value which ruled out this polysaccharide as a significant participant in the virulence enhancement. Polysaccharide C, also impure, was a fairly active neutral polysaccharide, and formed a synergic combination with polysaccharide A in the biological assay (Smith, Gallop & Stanley, 1952). The preceding 'paper described the discovery and purification of a further polysaccharide, polysaccharide D; it has a significant virulence-enhancing activity (see below) similar to that of polysaccharide C. This paper deals mainly with the identification of polysaccharide C as the blood-group mucoid ofboth A and H activity, which has been previously isolated by Morgan & King (1943) and Bendich, Kabat & Bezer (1946). Proof is also provided that the virulence-enhancing activity in the biological assay for the third factor is not specifically connected with either blood-group A or H activity (see also Smith, 1950a). In addition, as befits the concluding paper of the series, various observations are made on the virulence-enhancing action of whole 'mucin', now that the chief factors operating in this complex system have been identified.


Hand-holes are present within the body of welded aluminum light poles. They are used to provide access to the electrical wiring for both installation and maintenance purposes. Wind is the main loading on these slender aluminum light poles and acts in a very cyclic way. In the field, localized fatigue cracking has been observed. This includes areas around hand-holes, most of which are reinforced with a cast insert welded to the pole. This study is focused on an alternative design, specifically hand-holes without reinforcement. Nine poles with 18 openings were fatigue tested in four-point bending at various stress ranges. Among the 18 hand-holes tested, 17 failed in one way or another as a result of fatigue cracking. Typically, fatigue cracking would occur at either the 3:00 or 9:00 positions around the hand-hole and then proceed to propagate transversely into the pole before failure. Finite element analysis was used to complement the experimental study. Models were created with varying aspect ratios to see if the hand-hole geometry had an effect on fatigue life.


Characterization of launch vehicle unsteady aerodynamics is a field best studied through experimentation, which is often carried out in the form of large scale wind tunnel testing. Measurement of the fluctuating pressures induced by the boundary layer noise is customarily made with miniature pressure transducers installed into a model of the vehicle of interest. Literature shows that noise level increases between two to five decibels (dB referenced to 20 micropascal) can be induced when the transducer surface is not mounted perfectly flush with the model outer surface. To reduce this artificially induced noise, special transducer holders have been used for aeroacoustic wind tunnel testing by NASA. This holder is a sleeve into which the transducer fits, with a cap that allows it to be mounted in a recessed hole in the model. A single hole in the holder allows the transport of the tunnel medium so the transducer can discriminate the fluctuating pressure due to the turbulent boundary layer noise. The holder is first dry fitted into the model and any difference in height between the holder and the model surface can be sanded flush. The holder is then removed from the model, the transducer glued inside the holder, and the holder replaced in the model, secured also with glue, thus eliminating the problem of noise level increases due to lack of flushness. In order to work with this holder design, special transducers have been ordered with their standard screen removed and the diaphragm moved as close to the top of the casing as possible to minimize any cavity volume. Although this greatly reduces induced noise due to the transducers being out of flush, the holders can also induce a cavity resonance that is usually at a very high frequency. This noise is termed transducer mount induced noise (XMIN). The peak of the mode can vary with the cavity depth, boundary layer noise that can excite the mode, tunnel flow medium, and the build of the transducers. Because the boundary layer flow interaction with the microphone holder seems to have some effect on the cavity resonance response, the NASA/Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) aeroacoustic team postulated that changing the design of the holder might reduce the cavity resonance response. An experiment was performed at the MSFC Trisonic Wind Tunnel comparing a new holder design with the traditional MSFC holder. The new holder design is intended to mimic the Kulite Semiconductors, Inc. B-screen, where the single hole of the traditional MSFC holder is replaced by a series of ten 0.007 inch diameter holes. This particular design serves to protect the transducer diaphragm as in the manufacturer's B-screen, but also increases the frequency of the XMIN such that it is not apparent in the data collected from aeroacoustic wind tunnel tests. MSFC compared the two holder designs by installing two transducers in standard holders on one side of a ten inch long ten degree cone, and two transducers in B-screen holders on the opposite side for a series of runs at different conditions. Over 11-13 February, 2013, the model was run at Mach numbers between 0.80 and 1.96 at angles of attack at 0 deg, plus or minus 1 deg, plus or minus 2 deg, plus or minus 4 deg, and plus or minus 8 deg. Model roll attitudes at 0 deg, 90 deg, and 180 deg were tested to isolate potential tunnel bias. This paper presents results from the test showing that the proposed holder design significantly reduces the influence of XMIN on measured fluctuating pressure levels.


There is substantial evidence that human behavior is to a large extent driven by motives/rewards and goals. In global era the men and women become beauty conscious and beauty become essential in our day to day life. All the marketers understood the attitudinal changes, lifestyles and changing environmental conditions taken into consideration to identify the solution for their problem to enhance the glamour. Today in India, numerous companies produced Cosmetics & Creams which suits to the personality of the consumer. Indians are witnessing a paradigm shift from traditional methods of using home products to modern methods of using branded cosmetics and fairness cream to become fair. Initially they realized about the men's market and there plenty of fairness creams introduced in market This made fair changes in market and market stakes of the brands. Today this companies are working on the preferences of the customers and their likes to succeed in the market by the way of differentiation strategies. Availability of massive number of cosmetic brands creates the competition given a scope to the researcher to study the buying behvaiour of consumers of fairness creams in Madanapalle Chittoor District.


Activation functions are mathematical functions that are used to activate the neurons of an Artificial Neural Network. Non-linear activation functions mainly help a neural network to converge faster while learning and finding patterns in the complex input data. A neural network learns by updating the weights, which is done using the Back Propagation algorithm, which uses first-order derivatives of the activation functions to calculate the gradient descent. This paper tests various existing and proposed activation functions against Minst and Cifar10 datasets for image classification using a shallow Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) Architecture. Based on the results, some of the proposed activation functions: SMod = $x$ *tanh ($x$), the Absolute/Mod Function, a scaled version of Swish, and some other activation functions, are found to be promising. Some of these are then tested against Deeper Neural Networks for various datasets, and it is observed that the average error rate is improved by 2.77. Along with that, suggestions on which activation functions to be used for shallow and deep layers of a Deep Neural Network are provided, resulting in better performance.


The research aims to predict financial distress at the Foreign Exchange National Private Commercial Bank by using analysis of risk, good corporate governance, earnings, capital and size. Using  sample 17 national foreign exchange private banks, and data analysis techniques using Multiple Linear Regression for four conditions, namely all conditions, financial distress conditions, gray area conditions, and non financial distress conditions. The results of this study indicate that the NPL and the proportion of independent commissioners do not have a significant effect on all conditions, financial distress conditions, gray area conditions, and non financial distress conditions. ROA has a significant effect only for all conditions, gray area, and non financial distress conditions. CAR has a significant effect on all conditions, and financial distress conditions, size only has a significant effect on all conditions and conditions in the gray area.


We have analysed birthweights of 4,508 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander livebirths in the Kimberley region of Western Australia from 1981‐93. Mean birthweight varied significantly according to month of birth (F(11)=2.57, p=0.003) and low birthweight babies were more common during the wet season. A significant increase in the proportion of very low birthweight (VLBW) babies was observed during the wet season compared with the dry season (OR 2.73; 95% Cl 2.3–3.67; p<0.001); whereas babies weighing 1,500–2,499 g were not significantly more common during the wet season (OR 1.06; 95% Cl 0.96–1.17; p=ns). The results indicate that adverse environmental conditions may be associated with increased risk of VLBW. Since newborns weighing less than 1500 g are very likely to be pre‐term (<37 weeks' gestation), the findings also suggest that seasonality of birthweight may be due to an increase in pre‐term births rather than an increase in intrauterine growth retardation. Further research is required to identify the underlying causes of an increase in VLBW babies during the wet season.


We study the surprisingly complicated asymptotic character of a simple first-order differential equation, which involves a term with a low exponent of the dependent variable. While numerical solutions and straightforward asymptotic expansions indicate a clearly defined boundary layer type transition, we find that the correct asymptotic structure involves a hidden' boundary layer, and that a straightforward approach cannot discern this.


Let R be a prime ring and d a derivation of R. In the ring of additive endomorphisms of the Abelian group (R, +), let S be the subring generated by a L d m , where a ∈ R and m ≥ 0 and where a L :x ∈ R ↦ ax ∈ R for a ∈ R. We compute the prime radical and minimal prime ideals of S via the skew polynomial ring R[x; d] by the surjective ring homomorphism We compute explicitly the kernel 𝒜 of ϕ, the prime radical 𝒫 over 𝒜 and minimal prime ideals over 𝒜 (Theorem 2). We obtain a necessary and sufficient condition for S to be simple, prime or semiprime (Corollary 3). As an application, let d be nilpotent. We show that the d-extension of R defined in Grzeszczuk (1992) is canonically isomorphic to the quotient ring of S modulo its prime radical (Corollary 14).


The optimizing methods of color difference control of the yellow solid paint used on POLO car body are introduced in detail. The final success is achieved by changing primer surfaces, adjusting the leveling additive content, optimizing the spraying profile and spraying parameters of ESTA in the special areas mentioned hereinafter, the color matching is obviously improved.


INTRODUCTION Saturation effects related to indirect detection of x-ray absorption spectra, like total electron yield (TEY) or fluorescence yield measurements, are of interest for applications of linear and circular dichroism (respectively XMLD and XMCD). XMCD studies on Fe, Co and Ni using the L-edge TEY spectra have shown that saturation can cause errors in excess of 100% on the extracted magnetic moment values [1]. In TEY measurements, the intensity is given by


Spore activation of Clostridium spp. is one of the most important steps in butanol production. Among three different methods (microwave shock, ultrasonic shock and heat shock), heat shock at 80 ° C for 1 min was found to be the best method for activation of Clostridium spores for use as an inoculum for butanol production. Evaluation of the performance of four Clostridium spp., i.e ., C. beijerinckii JCM 1390, C. acetobutyricum JCM 7829, C. beijerinckii TISTR 1461 and C. beijerinckii TISTR 1462 for butanol production from synthetic medium (P2 medium) containing 60 g l -1 of glucose at 37 ° C revealed that C. beijerinckii TISTR 1461 gave the highest butanol concentration ( P B , 10.41 g l -1 ). Three agricultural raw materials, i.e. , sweet sorghum juice, sugarcane juice and sugarcane molasses, containing 60 g l -1 of total sugar, were used as butanol production media by C. beijerinckii TISTR 1461. Its P B values were 1.40, 4.37 and 7.45 g l -1 , respectively. Additionally, when sugarcane molasses was supplemented with the components of P2 medium (excluding glucose), its P B value increased to 11.48 g l -1 . The results demonstrated that sugarcane molasses has high potential for use as a raw material for butanol production.


An asexual fungal strain designated as CR-9511 was isolated from stromata of larger Cordyceps ruyuanensis nov. with strong vitality and more than one hundred stromata, which was discovered in a subtropical wooded mountain of Guangdong, China. The cultural and morphological characteristics of CR-9511 on PDA, Czapek's agar and Sabouraud's agar were identified and classified as Cephalosporium sp. The dynamics of spore production of the fungus was successively observed for 10 days. Initially only a small number of spores were produced. After incubated at 25 ℃ for 6 days, numerous spores were produced and kept continuously increasing with higher production speeds up to the 10 th days and later on. In comparison with another asexual strain, CY-8202, from Cordyceps sinensis, the strain CR-9511 produced spores initially gently and later quickly, so this character of numerous spore production not only showed CR-9511 had a strong ability of growing and continuously producing spores, but also may be a mark of strong infectivity to insect-host. This study also showed that malnutrition was a limit factor to spore production. The metabolics of CR-9511 showed strong inhibition to Bacillus subtilis, Aerobacter aerogenes and Trichoderma viride, but no inhibition effect was observed in 8 different other bacteria, 4 yeasts, 6 molds and 1 actinomyces tested. However, the phenomenon that CR-9511 growth was promoted by the yeasts was observed, which may be also a guarantee mechanism of its strong vitality and infectivity in hosts. Fig 1, Tab 2, Ref 7


tion of D e u t e r o n o m y a n d Joshua. Provan's study is t h o r o u g h , well orga nized, and clearly written. It merits seri ous considerat ion by any scholar who is interested in the history of Israel or the deve lopment of the text of the Penta teuch a n d F o r m e r Prophets . Since it provides new insights into the shape of the final form of the Books of Kings, Provan's work may also be of interest to exegetes a n d biblical theologians.


Wireless communication has announced its arrival on big stage and the world is going mobile. This paper mainly focuses on transmission of textual data through air by use1 of GSM through asynchronous serial communication. This task accomplished by interfacing GSM modem with the microcontroller as the focal decision body. This paper presents development of three applications based on GSM – a SMS driven automatic display which can replace currently used programmable electronic display, detection of human movements using PIR sensor and prestored instant messaging system. The hardware that has been developed proves to be a useful remote monitoring of LCD display system integrated with the custom-built GSM controller board. The PIR sensor based system developed will prove to be a promising security system. Push Switch system will prove to be a good instant messaging system.


A computer simulation model of accident rates and delay times is used to quantify highway hazards and congestion introduced by increases in large coal trucks. The effects of trucks on long grades, where the speed differences between trucks and other vehicles becomes greater, increases the potential for accident. Long lines of slow-moving trucks, however, reduce accidents because they reduce the opportunity for passing. At best, the trucks make traffic flow less stable. The results of this study can help in the design of passing lanes and improved grade alignment. 18 references. (DCK)


Background and purpose: This paper focuses on the learning culture within the high-performance levels of rowing. In doing so, we explore the case of an individual's learning as he moves across athletic, coaching and administrative functions. This exploration draws on a cultural learning framework and complementary theorisings related to reflexivity. Method: This study makes use of an intellectually, morally and collaboratively challenging approach whereby one member of the research team was also the sole participant of this study. The participant's career as a high-performance athlete, coach and administrator, coupled with his experience in conducting empirical research presented a rare opportunity to engage in collaborative research (involving degrees of insider and outsider status for each of the research team). We acknowledge that others have looked to combine roles of coach/athlete/administrator with that of researcher; however, few (if any) have attempted to combine them all in one project. Moreover, coupled with the approach to reflexivity adopted in this study and the authorship contributions, we consider this scholarly direction uncommon. Data comprised recorded research conversations, a subsequently constructed learning narrative, reflections on the narrative, a stimulated reflective piece from the participant and the final (re)construction of the participant's story. Accordingly, data were integrated through an iterative process of thematic analysis. Results: The cultural (i.e. the ways things get done) and structural (e.g. the rules and regulations) properties of high-performance rowing were found to shape the opportunities both to be present (e.g. secure a place in the crew) and to learn (e.g. learn the skills required to perform at the Olympic level). However, the individual's personal properties were brought to bear on reshaping the constraints such that many limitations could be overcome. In keeping with the theory of learning cultures, the culture of rowing was found to position individuals (a coxswain in this case) differentially. In a similar manner, a range of structural features were found to be important in shaping the cultural and personal elements in performance contexts. Finally, the cultural and structural elements in rowing appeared to be activated by the participant's personal elements, most notably his orientation towards quality performance. Conclusion: The participant in this study was found to be driven by the project that he cares about most and at each turn he has bent his understanding of his sport back on itself to see if he can find opportunities to learn and subsequently explore ways to improve performance. The story here emphasises the importance of learner agency, and this is an aspect that has often been missing in recent theorising about learning. In this study, we find an agent using his 'personal emergent powers' to activate the resources in the culture and structure of his sport in an attempt to improve performance. We conclude from this account that this particular high-performance rowing culture is one that provided support but nonetheless encouraged those involved, to 'figure things out' for themselves – be it as athletes, coaches and/or administrators.


Abstract Motivated by the problems of magnetic flux storage and dynamo action in stars with convection zones, we study the equilibrium and stability of magnetic flux tubes under the influence of differential rotation and stratification. The formalism developed in the first paper in this series is applied to axisymmetric, toroidal flux tubes (flux rings) lying in planes parallel to the equator at an arbitrary latitude. We assume mechanical force equilibrium, which requires neutral buoyancy of the flux tube and a longitudinal internal flow in the direction of stellar rotation. Stability against isentropic perturbations is investigated by considering both axisymmetric and non-axisymmetric, three-dimensional displacements of the equilibrium configuration. For axisymmetric modes, we find qualitative differences between the stability criteria for flux tubes within and outside the equatorial plane, where instability is generally easier to excite and overstable modes appear. In the case of non-axisymmetric pertur...


REASON and its ideas do not occupy a pedestal wholly above and exempt from the influence of the forces of history. The history of philosophy bears an existential relation to the rest of history. It is itself a part of history, and it exhibits the influence of different religious, cultural, and political outlooks. Because of this fact, no account of the history of the idea of natural law may properly be a mere catalogue of the different ideas that have been set forth. These ideas must be examined in the context of the contingent historical situations out of which they have risen and for which they have claimed to serve as a critical norm. Specifically, this means that for the Greco-Roman period the his-


Meteorological, snowpack and avalanche activity data provide the essential building blocks for avalanche forecasting. While in recent decades the availability and coverage of meteorological data has dramatically improved, the same has not happened for avalanche activity data. The reason is that data on avalanche activity are generally obtained through visual observations, which are imprecise and impossible when visibility is limited. This leads to large uncertainties in the number and exact timing of avalanches, resulting in rather poor correlations between avalanche activity, meteorological parameters and estimated avalanche danger. To improve avalanche forecasting, remote detection of avalanches is therefore required to obtain accurate and near real-time avalanche activity data. Seismic monitoring systems are very well suited for this task and typically rely on one or several sensors in an avalanche track or at valley bottom to detect avalanches. We employ a different approach, consisting of continuously recording seismic signals in an alpine start zone. Avalanches can then visually be identified in the seismic data to obtain an avalanche database. Based on measurements from our field sites above Davos (Switzerland), we show how seismic monitoring can provide high resolution avalanche activity data, and how these data can provide new insights into avalanche formation processes. While for large-scale operational avalanche forecasting automatic avalanche detection still has to be developed, we will further show that seismic monitoring can already effectively be used to remotely detect artificially triggered avalanches below fixed avalanche control installations.


Manuscript Type: Empirical.Research Question/Issue: This paper focuses on the relationship between one of the main corporate governance dimensions – ownership structure – and income smoothing. The paper investigates whether family‐controlled companies differ from non‐family‐controlled companies with respect to income smoothing. Due to different incentives of management and owner investment horizons, we hypothesize that income smoothing is less likely among family‐controlled companies than among non‐family‐controlled companies. Additionally, we hypothesize that among family‐controlled firms income smoothing is less likely when CEO and Board Chairman are members of the controlling family. Various definitions of "family control" are applied. A sample of Italian listed companies is used for the empirical analysis.Research Findings/Insights: We find evidence that income smoothing is less likely among family‐controlled companies than non‐family‐controlled companies. Moreover, among family‐controlled companies, income smoothing is less likely for firms whose CEO and Board Chairman are members of the controlling family.Theoretical/Academic Implications: This paper fills a gap in the literature, suggesting that not only the level of ownership concentration or insider ownership but also the nature of the dominant shareholder (family versus non‐family) should be considered when addressing the motivations for income smoothing. Furthermore, our findings indicate that agency theory and stewardship theory are complementary in explaining the role played by family control in income smoothing decisions. While in non‐family‐controlled companies the traditional owner‐manager agency problems tend to prevail and motivate income smoothing, in family‐controlled companies such agency issues become less relevant and a stewardship attitude emerges, rendering income smoothing less likely.Practitioner/Policy Implications: This study is of interest to financial statement users, including analysts and investors, as it shows that different company types (e.g., family versus non‐family) have a different attitude towards income smoothing. In particular, these results aid users in interpreting the company's reported profitability and its potential variability. The conclusions also are of interest to auditors when evaluating the reliability of the reported income of companies characterized by various ownership structures.


Nitrogen (N) is one of the most important element in plant growth and an important part of the global ecosystem substances circulation. Organic N is both the main form of soil N and pool of mineral N. Soil organic N plays an important role in soil fertility, N cycling and environmental protection. Usually, the concentration and distribution of soil organic N mainly affected by soil types, soil level, rhizospheric environment, fertility and farming conditions, etc, and the chemical forms and status of soil organic N is the important factor affecting the availability of soil N. Currently, researchers have focused more on effect of different land use systems on changes of soil organic N fractions, dissolved organic N, particulate organic N and microbial biomass N, as well as effect of different fertilization and irrigation approaches on concentrations and composition of organic N fractions by using the Bremner忆s method to separate soil organic N fractions. Combined with filed investigation, five types of soil samples in the lower reaches of Heihe river wetland were collected, and the organic N fractions were studied using the Bremner忆s method, the results showed that acidolysable N was the dominant fraction of organic N in all the soil samples (0—50 cm soil layer), and the proportion of acidolysable N to total N was from 71.04% to 81.79%. The concentrations of acidolysable N, non鄄acidolysable N and acidolysable N fractions (ammonia N, amino acid N, amino sugar N) of Peat soil, Boggy soil, Meadow soil, Subalpine meadow soil decreased, but increased in the Aeolian sandy soil generally with soil depth in the profile. Furthermore, the proportions of acidolysable N and acidolysable N fractions (ammonia N, amino acid N, amino sugar N) to total N of all the soil samples generally decreased with soil depth


In the pathological state such as diabetes mellitus, increased oxidative stress will cause decrease in endogenous antioxidant activity in the body so that the body do not able detoxify free radical and prevent cell damage. Source of natural antioxidant as antidiabetic is Moringa oleifera leave and Syzygium aromaticum flower. The purpose of this study was determine antidiabetic activity and antioxidant activity of SOD and GPx enzyme and decrease MDA level of Moringa oleifera leave and Syzygium aromaticum flower ethanol extract combination.
This study was an laboratory experimental research using a post-test only group design. The subject of this study were 40 male Wistar rats which conditioned diabetes by streptozotozin-nicotinamid induction. Rats were randomly divided into 8 groups, and each group consisted of 5 rats. Doses of ethanol extract combination of Moringa leaves and Clove flower were used combination I 150:40 mg/kg of rats body weight, combination II 100:80 mg/kg rats body weight and combination III 50:120 mg/kg of rats body weight.
The test results were showed that the ethanol extract combination of moringa leaves and clove flower have antidiabetic activity, increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes of SOD, GPx, lower MDA levels, increased regeneration islet of langerhans and increase amount of the islet cells insulin production islet of langerhans.
Keywords: moringa (Moringa oleifera Lamk.), clove flower (Syzygium aromaticum Merry & peril) antidiabetic activity, inhibition of oxidative stress, and regeneration of β-pancreatic cells


A procedure developed to produce accurate land use maps from available high-altitude, small-scale photography in a cost-effective manner is presented. An alternative procedure, for use when the capability for updating the resultant land use map is not required, is also presented. The technical approach is discussed in detail, and personnel and equipment needs are analyzed. Accuracy percentages are listed, and costs are cited. The experiment land use classification categories are explained, and a proposed national land use classification system is recommended.


The influence of carbon doping on tribological properties of CrCN Coating was studied through preparation of coatings deposited on single crystal silicon and M2 high speed steel(HSS) substrate using closed-field unbalanced magnetron sputtering ion plating technique. The friction coefficients were measured by pin-on-disc set-up. The microstructure and bond states of the coatings were characterized by X-ray diffraxtion(XRD), transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS). The results show that the friction coefficient of coating decreases from 0.75 to 0.38, the microhardness increases from 1930HV to 2302HV, and the specific wear ratio of the coatings decreases from 8.35110-5m3/Nm to 3.85910-5m3/Nm with the increasing of carbon target current(IC) from 0A to 1.5A. The analysis of microstructure shows that the coatings transform from crystalline state to amorphous state and the grain size of the coatings decreases with the increasing of carbon target current.


Interest continues in dual waveband and wide waveband optical systems operating in the 3 -12.5 micron spectral region. In some cases, mirror optics will be preferred, in particular where large apertures are involved, precluding the use of refracting materials due to limitations on size. For other applications, catadioptric designs will offer the optimum solution. These approaches may not however, be able to satisfy every requirement. It is necessary therefore to consider design solutions using only refractive optics. A study has been undertaken to explore a range of optical material combinations that aim to provide chromatic correction over this large spectral waveband. Initially, candidate infra red transmitting materials were reviewed and the reliability of their optical and physical properties considered. A representative group of preferred materials was selected. Thin lens calculations were then performed to achieve common focus at several wavelengths, for different material combinations. Focal shift as a function of temperature was also modelled. The most promising combinations were then converted into thick lens design solutions. The performance of these solutions is presented. Apart from design .considerations, the practical suitability of the candidate materials for lens systems is discussed.


As a response to increased threats, many Network-based Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDSs) have been de- veloped, but current NIDS are barely capable of real- time traffic analysis and intrusion detection job on Fast Ethernet links. This paper describes a new matching method with the name "Multi- layer Pattern Matching (MPM)" based on the protocol analysis. MPM is a pattern matching method using the FPGA logic and kernel logic as the detection mechanism. FPGA logic performs the function of fixed field pattern matching based on packet header information that is easily ex- amined by fixed size and offset. Kernel logic performs the function of payload pattern matching based on packet payload information that is not easily examined by variable size and offset. This new matching method can improve the perfor- mance of the NIDSs. A new implementation of NIDS for fast- speed Ethernet based on the MPM method is proposed fi- nally, and the detection strategies applied FPGA logic and kernel logic are described in detail.


With advances in physiological sensors, we are able to understand people's physiological status and recognize stress to provide beneficial services. Despite the great potential in physiological stress recognition, there are some critical issues that need to be addressed such as the sensitivity and variability of physiology to many factors other than stress (e.g., physical activity). To resolve these issues, in this paper, we focus on the understanding of physiological responses to both stressor and physical activity and perform stress recognition, particularly in situations having multiple stimuli: physical activity and stressors. We construct stress models that correspond to individual situations, and we validate our stress modeling in the presence of physical activity. Analysis of our experiments provides an understanding on how physiological responses change with different stressors and how physical activity confounds stress recognition with physiological responses. In both objective and subjective settings, the accuracy of stress recognition drops by more than 14% when physical activity is performed. However, by modularizing stress models with respect to physical activity, we can recognize stress with accuracies of 82% (objective stress) and 87% (subjective stress), achieving more than a 5-10% improvement from approaches that do not take physical activity into account.


We apply constructions from topos-theoretic approaches to quantum theory to algebraic quantum field theory. Thus a net of operator algebras is reformulated as a functor that maps regions of spacetime into a category of ringed topoi. We ask whether this functor is a sheaf, a question which is related to the net satisfying certain kinematical independence conditions. In addition, we consider a C*-algebraic version of Nuiten's recent sheaf condition, and demonstrate how it relates to C*-independence of the underlying net of operator algebras.


A Master's Dissertation, submitted
in partial fulfilment of the
requirements for the award of the
Master of Library Studies (M.L.S.)
degree of the Loughborough
University of Technology.


from sources like patient case records, laboratory data, direct communication with patients (Questionnaire) and their care takers. Parameters such as demographics data, laboratory parameters (Histo-pathological reports, complete blood picture and results of radiology techniques) were collected and evaluated. Data collected is kept confidential and used exclusively for research. ABSTRACT Cancer death rates are the best measure of progress against cancer. In India, most of the population does not have access to a well-organized & well regulated cancer care system. A Prospective observational study was conducted in two private hospitals in Telangana state, in a period of six months. Patients with Head & Neck cancers & who were admitted to the department of Oncology were enrolled in the study. A Total of 103 cancer patients were found to be suffering with Head & Neck cancers. Staging describes the extent or spread of the cancer at the time of diagnosis. Proper staging is essential for optimizing therapy & assessing prognosis. Most of the patients were in stage IV due to lack of awareness & literacy. Many of them were suffering with Squamous cell carcinoma and were on mixed diet. Treatment regimen of cisplatin & 5-flurouracil are given. Commonly used treatment modality was chemotherapy & radiation therapy. Treatment was given as per NCCN Guidelines. Majority of the metastasis cases were reported at the lung region.


accounts). The tenant who chooses not to invest in a home must include as income the revenue derived by him from an equivalent investment in, say, stocks and bonds. What the homeowner receives is income-in-kind, and the question arises: Why should income-in-kind from homes, and not that from other consumer durables, be regarded as yielding income ? And should not the coverage of income-in-kind extend to do-it-yourself activities by imputing a money value to them? Indeed, is not leisure a form of consumption which might be valued P1 An effective answer is that most income-in-kind cannot be valued with sufficient accuracy to warrant inclusion in the tax base, and that to tax all forms of imputed income from work would be to put a premium on idleness as a way of using leisure time. Imputed rent, however, can be calculated with fair accuracy, and the fact that the actual calculation in the United States, Canada, and Great Britain has been unsatisfactory should, perhaps, be attributed to lack of effort. The rationale of the national income ac-


The invention relates to a vehicle dynamic information sharing method and a device thereof. The method comprises the following steps: vehicle dynamic information of each vehicle is acquired; a vehicle dynamic information call request of a calling vehicle is received; and vehicle dynamic information of a called vehicle is distributed to the calling vehicle according to the received vehicle dynamic information call request. The device comprises an acquisition module used for acquiring vehicle dynamic information of each vehicle, a request receiving module used for receiving the vehicle dynamic information call request of the calling vehicle, an information sending module used for distributing the vehicle dynamic information of the called vehicle to the calling vehicle according to the received vehicle dynamic information call request. According to the invention, dynamic information sharing among vehicles can be realized.


This work describes a concept of a magnetically levitated homopolar bearingless slice motor in temple design. The proposed setup consists of two oppositely magnetized permanent magnets on the rotor and stator and provides high axial stiffness. The fluctuation of the air gap field for torque generation is generated with a cross-shaped rotor iron. Compared to a diametrically magnetized drive, this concept achieves three times the axial stiffness without increasing the radial stiffness and is better suited for systems with large air gaps. A drawback is the low torque capacity. Its operating principle is described and a working prototype is presented including simulation and measurement results.


The new trends of health education are the unity of reality and transcendality, the combination of subjectivity and normality, laying equal stress on practice and science and the connection of entirety and liberalism. Therefore, the health education in the 21st century must make innovation in educational object, educational content, educational methods and educational system.


Page 210 line 3 For 4 450 m read 4 540 m Page 213 line 12 For Vaygach read Taymyr Page 228 line 39 For Loman read Lomen


At dusk on Oct 11, 1968, a flame brought from Greece will be placed on the Temple at Quetzalcoatl in the city of Teotihuacan, 25 miles north of Mexico City. The XIX Olympiad will begin the next day and continue through Oct 27. Following the placement of the Olympic torch on the temple, there will be a giant ballet portraying the ancient Aztec legend that the periodic rebirth of new fire conveys the promise of the gods of continued life for mankind. Because both the XIX Olympiad and the cultural Olympiad are to be held in Mexico this year, it is estimated that at least 200,000 tourists will visit our neighboring country in the month of October. You and your patients may ask if there are special medically related problems to be encountered in Mexico. If problems are anticipated, then they may be either prevented or adequately cared for. Those


Melon, as a melon crop, is cultivated in many countries of the world, and is highly valued for its dietary and nutritional qualities. Melon's susceptibility to fungal diseases drastically reduces the yield and taste of the melon. In the zone of the Volgograd Trans-Volga region, melon is mainly affected by anthracnose and powdery mildew. Obtaining samples with complex resistance to these diseases solves the problem of production and product quality. Complex resistance was determined by artificial infection of melon plants, as well as in natural conditions. 4 hybrid combinations of melons were studied against the background of the standard cultivar Osen. As a result of the research, a hybrid combination of melon Dune × Ponap (Japan) F1 was isolated, which showed complex resistance both under artificial infection and in natural conditions.


Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an aggressive B-cell nonHodgkin lymphoma (NHL; Swerdlow et al, 2008). The molecular hallmark for diagnosis of MCL is the t(11;14)(q13; q32) translocation, resulting in constitutive over-expression of CCND1 (Cyclin D1; Campo et al, 1999; Swerdlow et al, 2008). The current median survival in patients with MCL is only 4–5 years (Herrmann et al, 2009), one of the poorest overall survival rates of all NHLs. Yet, some MCL patients have a more indolent course (Martin et al, 2009; Weigert et al, 2009). While several predictors of outcome for MCL have been proposed, their reliability and reproducibility are not well established (Rosenwald et al, 2003; Martin et al, 2009; Weigert et al, 2009). The chronic lymphocytic leukaemia overlap marker CD23 may be associated with a better prognosis in MCL, but this has not been confirmed (Kelemen et al, 2008). High Ki-67 expression and variant blastoid morphology are useful tissue correlates of poor prognosis, but these measures cannot be applied to patients diagnosed in the leukaemic state (Determann et al, 2008). Thus, at this time, there are no laboratory assays that stratify MCL patients into conservative versus aggressive treatment regimens. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic utility of normalized quantitative CCND1 mRNA values in the blood or marrow of patients with newly diagnosed MCL. This novel quantitative CCND1 assay has been validated for establishing a diagnosis of MCL in blood/bone marrow (Hui et al, 2003; Howe et al, 2004), but its use as a prognostic marker has not been evaluated. We further compared the normalized CCND1 assay with CD23 expression and circulating levels of malignant B-cells. All cases tested between October 2002 and May 2010 that demonstrated an elevated normalized CCND1 mRNA value were eligible for inclusion (n = 74). Any cases in which the tissue source was not blood or marrow (n = 6) was subsequently excluded, and inclusion in the final study was restricted to only those patients with a new diagnosis of MCL and no prior treatment (n = 40). The institutional review board approved the review and use of patient information in this study. The normalized CCND1 mRNA assay is a relative fold increase (RFI) determined against the background of B-cells (Howe et al, 2004). The RFI method has been shown to strongly correlate with results obtained using fluorescent insitu hybridization (FISH) with CCND1 probes (Hui et al, 2003). The quantitative assay is briefly described here. RNA was extracted using RNeasy reagent (Qiagen, Valencia, CA, USA) according to the manufacturer's instructions. All primers and probes were synthesized as previously described (Howe et al, 2004) and reaction mixtures contained primers for CCND1 and CD19. Reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction were performed using an ABI PRISM 7700 Sequence Detector (Applied Biosystems, Carlsbad, CA, USA). Critical threshold (Ct) cycle numbers were obtained for amplification of CCND1 and CD19. The DCt values were then obtained by subtracting the Ct value of CD19 from the Ct value of CCND1. The characteristics of our 40 patients with new a diagnosis of MCL in blood (n = 25) or marrow (n = 15) are presented in Table I. All 40 patients met the molecular criteria for diagnosis of MCL as previously described (Howe et al, 2004).


This study's aim was to describe a hospital‐wide system to deliver rapid door‐to‐balloon time across the entire spectrum of emergency percutaneous intervention.


This paper focuses on the Microwave reflectometry for the Ka-band (26.5 GHz-40 GHz) developed for measuring the electron density profile of the plasma. The beat frequency has to be estimated for measuring the density profile of the plasma. Along with this, different techniques for electron density measurement have been explained in this paper. The results of the beat frequency estimation and the way they have been obtained are all demonstrated in a systematic manner. Also the DAQ parameters have been selected accordingly.


The authors focused on emotional experience in psychotherapy sessions and the development process of therapists, from the viewpoint of Emotional Competence. We interviewed 16 clinical psychologists and through its qualitative analysis by Grounded Theory Approach, 10 categories were generated. Therapists have a "feeling of imperfection" and "cannot rely on their supervisor and colleagues well". Likewise therapists "cannot face his/her own feelings". Although therapists are "confused by clients", through the experience to "be relieved by supervision", they come to "understand" and "deal with clients' emotions". After therapists "experience a deepening of relationship between clients", therapists "get a point of view to learn from therapist-client relationship". Then therapists' "Emotional Self-efficacy improve". As for the therapists' Emotional Competence, it is very insufficient at the beginning, but will continue to develop through the efforts of the therapist's own, while repeating the relationship between the client and supervisor. (受付日:2015 年 7 月 5 日,受理日:2015 年 7 月 15 日)


Markerless human body model reconstruction has been a hot research topic for decades, and it has many applications in human computer interaction (HCI), medical rehabilitation, sport training, and virtual human synthesis for games, cartoons and digital films. This paper presents a markerless 3D human body skeleton model reconstruction method. It takes input from multi-view video, and computes the visual hull of human body through shape-from-silhouette. It then extracts the 3D skeleton by a new hybrid 2-subiteration thinning algorithm, and registers the skeleton to a 3D human body skeleton model by a heuristic method. The experiment results show that although the intermediate results of the shape-from-silhouettes process and 3D thinning process contain much noise, the model registration method, which bases on a set of simple prior rules , can still get accurate 3D human body skeleton model.


This paper presents the practice and experience in adopting an agile organizational model for a final-year capstone program in Software Engineering. The model developed is motivated by having real (and developing) software artifacts with incrementally changing team members working on a product-line. This in turn results in more sophisticated capstone student-project outcomes. The model proposed supports student mentoring and promotes, through its internal organization, leadership and personal responsibility. The students are supported by professional software engineers, up-skilling workshops, and academic supervisors who act as a personalized reporting and grading point for the team. The academic supervisors are themselves supported by a tribe leader, a faculty member who assumes overall responsibility for a product-line, and who acts as a report to an external industry client/ sponsor. This paper describes the motivation for the capstone model, its adoption, and some preliminary observations.


The method of matching conglomerates lithology in Mahui formation Yushe basin with residual source rock lithology in the denudated area,combined with morphological analysis, was used to trace back the provenance location and palaeogeographic features during the initial formation of Yushe basin.The following results were obtained:the source rock of arkose gravel in the basal conglomerate of Mahui Formation was formed in Triassic;the source rock of quartzite,quartz sandstone gravel belongs to Jurassic Heifeng Formation;quartzite gravel is"secondary gravel",which was transported and deposited after destruction of Heifeng Formation gravel. Yushe Cenozoic basin was basin group composed of many small basins during its early formation. J2hstrata existed in ES direction of Haobei small basin while the deposion of Mahui Formation; The whole provenance in Yushe Group is from denuded area surrounded by watershed between Qinshui broad valley,Zuoquan broad valley and Yushe basin,far from the eastern Taihang Mountain and the western Taiyue Mountain.


For the purpose of achieving a good essay writing, the students need to have capability to use the lexical and grammatical cohesions. This research aimed to describe the lexical and grammatical cohesions used by the students in writing essays at Makassar Muhammadiyah University. The research samples consisted of 91 students' esssays from the English Education Department of FKIP Unismuh Makassar. The research used a writing test as an instrument to collect data. To achieve the aim of the research, a mixed method was used to describe the results of data analysis quatitatively and qualitatively. The results of the research revealed the use of lexical cohesion which included the use of repetition, synonym, hyponym, antonym, meronym, general noun, and collocation. From the seven kinds of lexical cohesion used by the students in writing essays, the general noun was mostly used by the students. Futhermore, grammatical cohesion revealed the use of reference, substitution, ellipsis, and conjunction. Among them, the reference as a cohesion mark was mostly used by the students. The implication of the research results might be used significantly as the base for developing learning materials in teaching writing as one of the English productive skills.


The introduction of the Australian and New Zealand Standard Classification of Occupations (ANZSCO) into statistical collections, particularly the 2006 Census of Population and Dwellings, has enabled the first real comparison of occupation data using a consistent standard framework between Australia and New Zealand. The paper discusses the issues of introducing a harmonised classification into statistical collections and the impact for time-series and comparability of occupation data. Issues related to what to include in the classification structure, to ensure consistency in skill levels and to establish a framework that is practical for both countries to produce occupation data on will be examined. This paper will also discuss whether ANZSCO meets the need as a standard framework and introduces a strategy for ongoing maintenance and ensuring relevance and consistency moving into the future. In addition, commentary on the relationship with the 2008 International Standard Classification of Occupations will be provided.


Computation of the characteristic points such as inflection points or cusp on a curve is often necessary in CAGD applications. When a curve is represented in a B-spline form, such computations can be made easier once it is transformed in a set of polynomial curves in a power form. Once a curve is represented in a power form, a point evaluation can be also made faster due to Horner's rule even though some issues of stability remains. In addition, the implicitization process of a parametric curve using a resultant usually requires the geometry represented in a power form. Usual practice of the transformation of a B-spline curve into a set of piecewise polynomial curves in a power form is done by either a knot refinement followed by basis conversions, or applying a Taylor expansion on the B-spline curve for each knot span. Presented in this paper is a new algorithm, called direct expansion, for the problem. The algorithm first locates the coefficients of all the linear terms that make up the basis functions in a knot span, and then the algorithm directly obtains the power form representation of basis functions by expanding the summation of products of appropriate linear terms. Then, a polynomial segment of a knot span can be easily obtained by the summation of products of the basis functions within the knot span with corresponding control points. Repeating this operation for each knot span, all of the polynomials of the B-spline curve can be transformed into a power form.


neonate, as there may be no suitably small tracheal tube. We solved the problem by inserting an 18-gauge intravenous catheter into the trachea. One problem with this method is that it is difficult to connect the catheter to the breathing system. To solve the problem, we inserted the laryngeal mask (while the catheter was kept in place in the trachea), and successfully ventilated the lungs, during attempts at emergency tracheostomy. In conclusion, we believe that in a neonate with subglottic stenosis, insertion of an intravenous catheter through the glottis and insertion of the laryngeal mask (with the catheter in place) may be useful as a rescue airway management. Takeshi Umegaki Takashi Asai Kentaro Kojima Kohei Murao Koh Shingu Department of Anaesthesiology, Kansai Medical University, Moriguchi City, Osaka, Japan (email: email@example.com)


Self-luminous light sources in the real world often have nonnegligible sizes and radiate light inhomogeneously. Acquiring the model of such a light source is highly important for accurate image synthesis and understanding. In this paper, we propose an approach to measuring 4D light fields of self-luminous extended light sources by using a liquid crystal (LC) panel, i.e. a programmable optical filter and a diffusereflection board. The proposed approach recovers the 4D light field from the images of the board illuminated by the light radiated from a light source and passing through the LC panel. We make use of the feature that the transmittance of the LC panel can be controlled both spatially and temporally. The approach enables multiplexed sensing and adaptive sensing, and therefore is able to acquire 4D light fields more efficiently and densely than the straightforward method. We implemented the prototype setup, and confirmed through a number of experiments that our approach is effective for modeling self-luminous extended light sources in the real world. key words: 4D light field, extended light source, programmable filter, multiplexed sensing, adaptive sensing


The General strength theory of reinforced concrete elements (GSTRCE) passed the long and many-sided examination and showed the considerable advantages: well concordance with experiments, essential economic effect, solving method unity for different strength problems. Simple practical methods for calculating according to GSTRCE and available for use by designers and students are developed. The algorithms of calculating of two practically important problems are stated: strength control and selection of needed longitudinal and lateral reinforcement. Problems solving are represented by using «manual» method and wellknown and easy-to-use software complex MS Excel. The results of experimental verification of GSTRCE are stated and the ones show well convergence of theoretical strength to experimental one.


Background. Th e impostor phenomenon is the term used to describe high-performing individuals who fail to internalize their success in spite of their high achievements and experience constant fear that they will be found as frauds by their peers. Th e close links between the impostor phenomenon, perfectionism and professional motivation are oft en referred to, though no empirical studies of the nature of these links have been conducted. Objective. Th e objective of this research is to study motivation and perfectionism as potential predictors of the impostor phenomenon in the work context. Design. 320 working Russian respondents took part in this cross-sectional study. Th ey fi lled out the questionnaire containing three scales: Th e Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale, Th e Short Almost Perfect Scale (R. Slaney), Th e Scale of Professional Motivation (E. Osin, T. Ivanova, T. Gordeeva). Results. Th e results of the multiple regression analysis indicate that maladaptive perfectionism and professional amotivation could be regarded as positive predictors of the impostor phenomenon in working Russian adults. Conclusion. Th e results of the current study could be used in diagnostics and counselling of employees with maladaptive perfectionism and professional amotivation. Preventive measures aimed at adjusting employees' attitudes to their professional obligations could prevent not only the development of the impostor phenomenon but a range of the related negative psychological and organizational outcomes.


We propose a new valence control method, the " codoping method (using both n- and p-type dopants at the same time)", for the fabrication of low-resistivity p-type GaN crystals based on the ab-initio electronic band structure calculations. We have clarified that while doping of acceptor dopants, BeGa and MgGa, leads to destabilization of the ionic charge distributions in p-type GaN crystals, doping of Sica or ON give rise to p-type doped GaN with high doping levels due to a large decrease in the Madelung energy. The codoping of the n- and p-type dopants (the ratio of their concentrations is 1:2) leads to stabilization of the ionic charge distribution inp-type GaN crystals due to a decrease in the Madelung energy, to result in an increase in the net carrier densities.


Atopic eczema is common in children, but often resolves by adulthood. Jean Watkins discusses how to manage the condition in persistent cases


Objective:To determine optimal culture medium and taxonomic status of strain S418 producing prodigiosin.Method: In the base of preliminary determination that peanut powder was the basic medium for fermentable cultivation,the optimal submerged fermentation medium of prodigiosin production for the strain S418 were investigated by single factor test and L9(34) orthogonal test.The strain S418 was identified by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequences analysis.Result:It showed that the optimal culture was: Peanut powder 2%,peanut oil 0.5%,L-proline 1%,MgSO4 0.025%.Under fermented condition: culture temperature 28℃,rotation speed 250r/min and fermentation time 24h,the yield of prodigiosin was 67.92mg/L.The strain S418 were preliminarily identified to Serratia marcescens S418.Conclusion: peanut powder broth was a optimal culture medium for prodigiosin production by Serratia marcescens.


ber have undergone percutaneous coronary intervention with stents. Optimal management of these patients if they require non-cardiac surgery is controversial. We aimed to establish the current practice of doctors in our local University hospitals. Materials and Methods: An on-line questionnaire was sent to 284 anaesthetists and surgeons from 3 acute hospitals in Southeast Scotland. We asked if antiplatelet drugs were stopped before elective non-cardiac surgery and whether the presence of a coronary artery stent altered practice. We also sought doctor's concerns when managing these patients. Results and Discussion: 90 replies (58% anaesthetists, 42% surgeons, 62% consultants) were received (response rate 32%). 57% had experienced adverse events related to antiplatelet therapy, but only 33% described these patients as difficult to manage. Bleeding was a major concern for 76%, but myocardial and cerebral ischaemia concerned fewer doctors (51% & 18%). In patients taking one drug for secondary prevention, more doctors stopped clopidogrel (59%) than aspirin (22%). In patients on two drugs, 65% stopped clopidogrel, 5% aspirin and 16% both. 71% stopped antiplatelet drugs at least 1 week before surgery. Conversely, in patients on two drugs with a coronary artery stent, 35% stopped clopidogrel, 2% aspirin and 14% both. Interestingly, 52% did not answer this question suggesting uncertainty about best practice. In patients with a stent, factors most influencing management included: type of surgery (for 73%), time since stent insertion (70%) and cardiac symptoms (66%). Type of stent and anaesthetic technique were major factors for fewer (56% & 52%). 90% of doctors wait at least 3 months post stent insertion before elective surgery. 78% also seek cardiology advice if surgery was planned within 1 year. Conclusion(s): Our survey results demonstrate marked variation in perioperative management of patients on antiplatelet drugs. More doctors are concerned with the risk of haemorrhage than ischaemic events. Whilst the presence of a coronary artery stent reduces the likelihood of antiplatelet drugs being stopped, uncertainty exists about best management. More education is required to raise awareness of the risks of ischaemia and stent thrombosis associated with acute antiplatelet agent withdrawal1. A local guideline was requested by 93% of doctors and is planned. References: 1 Chassot P.-G. et al. Br J Anaesth 2007; 99: 316–28.


Results of magnetic measurements carried out on single crystals of TmFe1-xMnxO3 (x=0, 0.12, 0.21 and 0.33) at temperatures in the region 2-700K and neutron diffraction investigations performed on powder samples at temperatures 80-650K are presented. The compounds are weak ferromagnets at room temperature. For compounds with a lower amount of manganese (x=0.12 and x=0.21) the spin reorientation phase transition GxFz-GzFx is observed as was already reported for pure TmFeO3(x=0). For the compound with x=0.33 a phase transitions sequence unusual for the pure orthoferrites is established. On the temperature dependence of the spontaneous magnetisation along the crystal a axis a compensation point was observed in the case of all compounds investigated. A qualitative explanation of the experimental results is given on the basis of recent theoretical considerations about the influence of Mn3+ doping ions on rare earth orthoferrite properties.


We study the temperature dependence of quark-antiquark correlations in the spacelike direction. In particular, we predict the temperature dependence of spacelike Bethe-Salpeter amplitudes using recent lattice gauge data for the spacelike string potential. We also investigate the effect of the spacelike string potential on the screening mass and discuss possible corrections which may arise when working with point sources.


The three most common concerns of patients seeking hair replacement surgery, apart from cost, are hairline placement, hairline design, and postoperative hair styling. Poor hairline configuration or placement is still the most common complication. With careful aesthetic planning, these problems can be avoided completely. With either punch grafts or flaps, the location and design of the hairline is the same. The punch grdft technique is generally well known by n~ost physicians.' ~ However, flap surgery is less familiar since it has been performed in the United States for only approximately eight pears and by few surgeons.


The feather and down penetration problems of the products have great impact to the producers and consumers,scientific and effective testing method and equipment are the key contents to research the down-proof properties of fabrics.Starting from the principle of feather and down penetration,the paper describes the main methods of testing the down-proof properties of fabrics,and based on the testing instruments,all of the testing methods are divided into three classifications: trumble test,rubbing test and impact test.According to the comparison of testing principle,testing instruments,operating rules and results evaluation,the paper describes the advantages and disadvantages of the testing methods,and analyzes the main problems of the testing methods and gives some suggestions about the technical indexes.


After six years of research, Knight Piesold (KP) has patented an idea which, it believes, can double the length of suspension bridge spans to twice the length of the longest suspension bridge spans already built. KP is already discussing this possibility with prospective clients. KP's innovative idea is to apply active aerofoil stabilisation, a responsive system of aerodynamic flaps on either side of a bridge deck, which would enable it to 'fly' through a strong wind. Active aerofoil stabilisation provides opportunities for improving safety and reducing cost. Although the aerofoils and their control system add a new cost, they allow lighter construction for the bridge deck, and reduce wind-induced stress on the deck and on the bridge as a whole. Together, these factors allow considerable materials and cost savings in the suspension structure and its supporting pylons. By spanning longer distance with lighter, more stable bridges, the KP method should be able to eliminate the costly use of intermediate pylons in multi-span structures. A purely mechanical system makes the aerofoils deflect, using the change of angle between the bridge deck and the hangers when the deck rotates. The deck mass itself generates the force required to control the aerofoil. Perhaps two pairs of hangers could be used for each twinned set of aerofoils.


This study examines directions for work redesign which might lead to the creation of sustainable jobs for lower-educated older workers (45 years or over, ISCED 0-2) and thus motivate and enable them to extend their working lives. We use longitudinal data on 1,264 older Dutch workers collected by the Netherlands Working Conditions Cohort Study to analyse the characteristics of the work of lower-educated older workers and how these differ from those of higher-educated older workers. The aim is to determine whether work redesign initiatives directed to these characteristics might have the desired effect of enhancing work ability and/or work motivation. This study is unique in its focus on lower-educated older workers as a target group for active ageing policies at the EU, national and company HR levels, and also in its focus on work redesign rather than the training or improvement of the health of workers. Our findings suggest that redesigning social work characteristics can be a first step in developing sustainable jobs for lower-educated older workers. Moreover, a redesign of contextual work characteristics also seems promising.


This thesis describes a modularized universal relation data model, called URMSC (Universal Relation Data Model with Semantic Constructs). This model incorporates concepts from the semantic data model, such as the notions of entities, aggregation abstractions and generalization/specialization abstractions, into the universal relation data model. These semantic constructs allow us to reduce multiple paths among relations, and allow us to loosen some of the constraints that the URM imposes. Consequently, a larger class of queries can be interpreted unambiguously. Modules are defined by aggregation hierarchies. Each module must satisfy the local unique name and attribute correlation assumptions. The former requires the uniqueness of attribute names on each individual module instead of the entire database scheme, to reduce the number of attribute renamings. The latter is used to disambiguate a query interpretation when there are duplicate attribute names in a database.
In a universal relation system, data retrieval queries are expressed by mentioning only the attribute names of interest and their values. We extend this idea to the notion of database update. By taking advantage of the semantic constructs of the model, we provide criteria that guarantee unambiguous interpretation of update requests.


One potential barrier to successful multiple myeloma (MM) treatment stems from the observation that it generally represents a low growth fraction disease with cells resting in a quiescent, non-proliferative state (i.e., Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5367. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5367


Abstract The dominant discourse in education in Britain today is that version of 'school effectiveness and school improvement' which is endorsed by the Labour Government. In this article I examine the place of issues of equality and social justice in the discourse of 'Official School Improvement', making particular reference to issues of 'race'. On the basis of a comparative analysis of the key elements of OSI and those of the tradition of egalitarian reform which has developed in Britain and elsewhere in recent decades, I argue that OSI is neither oriented to address issues of social justice in education nor equipped to respond effectively to them, and that this has fundamental implications for the wider school effectiveness and improvement movement.


Longitudinal pigmentation of the nails is an uncommon physical finding in Addison's disease. Nail pigmentation disappeared after appropriate corticosteroid therapy was administered to a patient with primary adrenal insufficiency.


The utility model provides a wheel pressure monitoring system based on light propagation. The wheel pressure monitoring system is characterized by comprising a processor, a temperature sensor, an infrared light transmitter, an infrared light receiver, a storage, a wireless transmitter and a power module, wherein the processor is used for processing data fed back by each functional module connected with the processor and generating data coding for data transmission. According to the scheme provided by the utility model, a pressure sensing mode in the prior art is replaced with a mode of measuring the infrared light speed, so that the situation of high price of a pressure sensing chip in the traditional scheme is broken through, the overall cost and the maintenance cost of the wheel pressure monitoring system are greatly decreased; and a measuring result is slightly affected by sudden influences, the air pressure condition of a tyre is accurately reflected.


The border gateway protocol (BGP) is known to take a long time to converge to a steady state following the failure of BGP routers or inter-router links. This has resulted in extensive analysis of BGP convergence delay and a number of schemes have been proposed to reduce this delay. But the convergence delay is a network centric metric and the end-user relevant effects of a failure are better characterized by the packet losses. In this paper we study BGP convergence from the packet delivery perspective and show that a reduction in the convergence delay does not necessarily translate into an improvement in packet delivery. Our measurements provide insights into which BGP modifications are likely to decrease packet loss, and how any shortcomings can be rectified. We also modify a couple of existing techniques, and show how to reduce the packet losses.