The concept off management "competences" may provide a framework in which to integrate structured training, leading to a recognised professional qualification in hospitality management.


Absolute rate coefficients for the reaction of OH with HCl (k1) have been measured as a function of temperature over the range 240–1055 K. OH was produced by flash photolysis of H2O at λ > 165 nm, 266 nm laser photolysis of O3/H2O mixtures, or 266 nm laser photolysis of H2O2. OH was monitored by time-resolved resonance fluorescenceor pulsed laser–induced fluorescence. In many experiments the HCl concentration was measured in situ in the slow flow reactor by UV photometry. Over the temperature range 240–363 K the following Arrhenius expression is an adequate representation of the data: k1 = (2.4 ± 0.2) × 10−12 exp[−(327 ± 28)/T]cm3 molecule−1 s−1. Over the wider temperature range 240–1055 K, the temperature dependence of k1 deviates from the Arrhenius form, but is adequately described by the expression k1 = 4.5 × 10−17T1.65 exp(112/T) cm3 molecule−1 s−1. The error in a calculated rate coefficient at any temperature is 20%.


Atlanta, Georgia, and Charlotte, North Carolina, serve as urban centers of the Southeast and archetypal New South cities. In the last decades of the twentieth century, city and corporate leaders in Atlanta often welcomed the growth of gay visibility and the resulting queer tourism. While Charlotte's leaders promoted growth and longed to be like Atlanta, they rebuffed queer visibility. For many queer people, Atlanta lived up to an oft-repeated maxim; it was a city too busy to hate. Charlotte's pattern of significant and sustained growth throughout the twentieth century led to its well-chosen Chamber of Commerce slogan, labeling the city as a great place to make money, which proved true for many queer people. Still, this financial success did not equal support. City politicians often set aside opportunities to exploit the burgeoning gay market while rejecting Charlotte's queer citizens wholesale.


I believe that every body of literature, and more broadly, the sum of all academic, literary and popular traditions, anecdotes and songs, old wives' tales, sayings and cliches, beliefs, myths, languages, and even religions, form a sort of reserve, a stock, the local treasure of ethnic groups, of cultures, of diverse groups, and that these constitute, in addition, the global treasure of mankind, accumulated in a fluctuating and unstable way throughout history and time. This immense reserve of intelligence and language, of experience, of errors and attempts, seems to me to be henceforth endangered, just as the evolutionary stock of species in the primitive forests and the changing treasure of the animal species are on the point of disappearing. Time is in danger. In danger, first of all, for an ordinary reason: the harsh competition between local strains, which destroy themselves as well as others. This death is neither a fact of life, as is believed, nor the guarantee of expansion, of power. Worse, the recent appropriation by a single culture of the majority of the media, of the means of communication and of the stockpiles of information, precipitates the sacking of cultural treasures. Some works are already in ashes or inaccessible in the jungle conditions of war; they will be completely destroyed under the domination of a single cultural type. I hope to die before hearing only a single language spoken in the world. Such a world will be a barbarous wasteland, unliveable. Imagine our planet inhabited exclusively by a single species-by ferns, only, or by billions of lizards. One end of the world like another would be rung in, with the total victory of the strongest: the entire earth invaded by identical ants. By a single way of living and of speaking. Time is in danger, subsequently and especially, for a very new reason: the crushing of all cultures by the culture that is led astray by the exact sciences. The exact sciences take all the places and soon all the space: money, professional openings, techniques, research, politics, power, the religious confidence of the population. Tomorrow the world will not speak


Genetic parameters for age at puberty were estimated for Holstein-Friesian dairy heifers in an experimental herd comprised of genetically divergent lines for fertility. Despite the non-random population structure, the estimated heritability of age at puberty was approximately 13%, based on behavioural observations, and between 41% and 76% based on blood progesterone levels. Although the phenotypic correlation between these two different measures was moderate (~0.5), the genetic correlation was much stronger (~0.9). In addition, the genetic correlations between age at puberty traits and fertility BV was ~-0.3, which suggests that age at puberty estimates may aid in the genetic evaluation of lowly heritable fertility traits .


The recent review of the NHS by Lord Darzi (Department of Health 2008) highlights the need for clinicians to work in partnership, putting the needs of patients before organizational boundaries. This has particular relevance for services providing care for individuals presenting to emergency departments (ED) with mental health problems, where interventions are required from staff most commonly employed by two different healthcare trusts, separated not only organizationally, but frequently geographically. This can result in fragmented care and lower levels of service that are discriminatory against those with mental health problems. Three recent reports (Academy of Medical Royal Colleges 2008, 2009, The NHS Confederation 2009) seek to address this problem through the examination of the model of liaison mental health care and how this can improve experiences and outcomes for both patients and services. The reports outline the importance and benefits of embedding liaison services in the acute hospital and the benefits of developing a close working relationship with acute care staff. The authors emphasize how basing the liaison service in the ED enables a collaborative approach to be adopted towards the treatment of individuals with both physical and mental health problems resulting in increased responsiveness, reduced waiting times and enabling those with mental health problems to receive the same standard of urgent assessment, diagnosis and intervention as that which is expected for physical health care. The reports suggest that high visibility of mental health staff in an acute trust can reduce stigma through the elimination of the divisive split between physical and mental health. Day-to-day presence of mental health staff in the general hospital promotes learning and increased awareness of mental health issues, enabling acute staff to develop knowledge and skills in the care of individuals with mental health issues, and to question their own beliefs and values in relation to mental illness. These benefits are in keeping with the Fair Deal for Mental Health campaign by the Royal College of Psychiatrists (2008), which aims to promote equal rights and fairness for mental health service users and carers, challenging issues of inequality and discrimination across a number of areas, including access to services, linking physical and mental health, and reducing stigma and discrimination towards those with mental health problems.


Digital geometry provides tools to manipulate digital data such as digital images. Especially, relations between discrete and Euclidiean objects are of interest. For instance, we try to answer the following questions : How to obtain digital objects from Euclidean ones, and in the same way, how to obtain Euclidean objects from digital ones ? In this thesis, we study these two problems. First, we are interested in the digital hyperplane recognition problem which consists in determining if a digital point set belongs to a same digital hyperplane. In order to solve this problem, we propose the definition of a generalized preimage, defined in a parameter space, which provides the set of digital hyperplanes that contain all given digital points. We deduce a new incremental digital hyperplane recognition algorithm. We propose two digital objects invertible reconstruction methods in dimensions 2 and 3. In the second part of this work, we present the kernel of a modeling software that handles geometric objects represented in continuous and digital forms. Different representations of a same object coexist in an unique hierarchical structure. Each level of this structure as well as construction operations are detailed.


Reports ofrenal amyloidosis occurring among narcotic addicts have been limited, for the most part, to case reports. In a prospective survey of 150 addicts ex- amined at autopsy in the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner of the City of New York, 7 cases of renal amyloidosis were found. Immunohistologic examination demonstrated that in all of the 7 cases, the amyloid was AA protein-related. The amyloid extracted from the kidneys of two addicts and analyzed biochemically did not differ from the AA amyloid secondary to


Summary This investigation explores a way of extending the surface-correction technique, Raypath interferometry, from 2D to 3D. Problems discussed include dimensions for addressing a 3D data volume, creating a 3D surface function, and transforming 3D data to and from a raypath-parameter domain. Results are preliminary but promising.


Background: Without discussing the effect of ocular melanin density on vision, let us make the logical assumption that since melanin is a protective factor for the eye, its lower density causes more sunlight to damage vision cells. The question is not how the melanin density of the eye affects vision, but how the melanin density of the eye affects vision. The purpose of this manuscript is to try to answer this question. Results: After the test, it was found that in lighter eye color, due to the lower density of melanin, less protection against the sun's rays is provided to the vision cells, which caused the destruction or damage to the vision cells and makes the person perceive colors darker than people see that the density of melanin in the eyes is higher. Conclusion: the color of each person's eyes indicates the density of melanin in the eye, the lighter it is, the lower the density of melanin in the eye, and since the melanin in the eye has a protective role for the vision cells against solar rays, the lower its density, the more severe the damage from solar rays. The visual cells, especially the cylindrical ones, are increased and may affect the person's vision.


In this paper we describe an efficient algorithm for the management of group keys. Our algorithm is based on a protocol for secure IP-multicast and is used to manage group-keys in group-communications systems. Unlike prior work, based on centralized key-servers, our solution is completely distributed and fault-tolerant, and its performance is comparable to the centralized solution.


Introduction This study aimed to examine the mental health of palliative care professionals in Hong Kong during the COVID-19 pandemic, the relationship of mental health with socio-demographic factors, and the impact of the pandemic on palliative care services. Methods A total of 142 palliative care professionals in Hong Kong participated in an online survey. The questionnaire includes measurements on depression, anxiety, perceived stress, post-traumatic stress, professional quality of life, items that measure the effect of COVID-19 on palliative care services, and one open-ended question for describing how the services were affected. Descriptive and multivariate regression analyses were conducted. Quantitative and qualitative data about the impact of COVID-19 on palliative care services were analyzed and triangulated using a mixed-methods approach. Results Up to 82%, 43%, and 42% of the participants felt moderately to highly stressed, anxious, and depressed, respectively, during the pandemic. Younger participants tended to have poorer mental health and professional quality of life. Around 82% felt stressed when communicating with patients and family members under the no-visiting policy during the pandemic. More than three-quarters of participants showed lack of confidence in the anti-epidemic policy of the government. Qualitative findings identified 3 themes affecting the provision of palliative care: 1. the tightening of restrictions on visitors; 2. the limited provision of services; and 3. staff deployment. Conclusions Appropriate responses are required to give extra support to palliative care professionals during the pandemic and facilitate their coping with the impact of COVID-19 on the provision of palliative care.


A continuation of 'STS-102 Mission Highlight Resource Tape, Part 1 of 2, Tape 1 of 2' (internal ID 2001096942), 'STS-102 Mission Highlight Resource Tape, Part 1 of 2, Tape 2 of 2' (internal ID 2001096941), and 'STS-102 Mission Highlight Resource Tape, Part 2 of 2, Tape 1 of 2' (internal ID 2001096943), this video shows the activities of flight days 13 and 14 of the STS-102 mission. The landing of the Discovery orbiter is seen from several viewpoints, and the crew of STS-102 (Commander James Wetherbee, Pilot James Kelly, and Mission Specialists Andrew Thomas and Paul Richards) and the Expedition 1 crew (William Shepherd, Yuri Gidzenko, and Sergei Krikalev) are seen as they disembark from Discovery.


Recently, Banados, Silk and West (BSW) showed that the total energy of two colliding test particles has no upper limit in their center of mass frame in the neighborhood of an extreme Kerr black hole, even if these particles were at rest at infinity in the infinite past. We call this mechanism the BSW mechanism or BSW process. The large energy of such particles would generate strong gravity, although this has not been taken into account in the BSW analysis. A similar mechanism is seen in the collision of two spherical test shells in the neighborhood of an extreme Reissner-Nordstroem black hole. In this paper, in order to draw some implications concerning the effects of gravity generated by colliding particles in the BSW process, we study a collision of two spherical dust shells, since their gravity can be exactly treated. We show that the energy of two colliding shells in the center of mass frame observable from infinity has an upper limit due to their own gravity. Our result suggests that an upper limit also exists for the total energy of colliding particles in the center of mass frame in the observable domain in the BSW process due the gravitymore » of the particles.« less


The professional adaptation period of freshmen majored in architecture is very long and they have many problems in the period.Based on the analysis,I thought that focusing on cultivating freshmen's thinking in images and architectural aesthetics can effectively eliminate their uncomfortable sense and strengthen their study enthusiasm.


The study is justified on the following grounds:
First, the issue of teaching communication strategies has been controversial over the past few decades. Some studies questioned the teachability of communication strategies.
Therefore, this study aims to offer some understanding of the relationship between communication strategy instruction, the ESL learners' strategy used, their task performance and attitudes towards the communication strategy training.


Conditional release is the process of fostering prisoners outside the Detention Center/ Correctional Institution after serving at least 2/3 (two thirds) of their criminal period with the provision that 2/3 (two thirds) of the criminal period is at least 9 (nine) months. The research method used is the normative juridical method. The results of the study indicate that parole can be implemented by taking into account several provisions contained in Article 15a and Article 15b of the Criminal Code, then Article 14 paragraph (1) letter (k) of Law Number 12 of 1995 concerning Corrections also states that Prisoners are entitled to parole. Regarding the requirements and procedures for the implementation of the rights and the prisoners in prison, it is regulated in Article 43 of the Government Regulation Number 32 of 1999 concerning the Terms and Procedures for the Implementation of the Rights and the Correctional Inmates. In its implementation, the guidance and mentoring of Correctional Inmates is carried out by the Minister and carried out by Correctional Officers. The implementation of the correctional development system is carried out based on the principles of protection, equality of treatment and service, education and guidance, respect for human dignity, loss of independence is the only suffering and guarantee of the right to keep in touch with family and certain people. The concept of conditional release in the Correctional Guidance System is carried out by an official authorized to carry out conditional release of prisoners, namely the Minister of Justice or an official appointed for that purpose by taking into account the substantive requirements and administrative requirements as referred to in Article 7 paragraph (2) and Article 8 of the Decree of the Minister of Justice. Number: M. 01. PK. 04-10 of 1999, as well as paying attention to the procedures for obtaining parole as described in the discussion above.


It is proposed to use limy finishing compositions with a modifying additive in thermal insulation. Such additives are obtained in two-stage synthesis technology. The mineralogical composition of the additive is represented by a mixture of synthesized hydrosilicates and calcium aluminosilicates. The method of lime absorption from lime solution was used to find out the additive pozzolanic activity. The authors estimate the efficiency of using additives in the composition of calcareous dry mortars. The compressive strength and the content of free lime in lime composites are determined. Further, the paper provide the feasibility of the adopted two-stage synthesis technology. Finally, the authors obtain the crack resistance of coatings based on a heat-insulating calcareous dry mortar intended for finishing aerated concrete.


Abstract Two neonates with severe pulmonary stenosis deteriorated immediately after successful balloon valvoplasty as a result of increased infundibular obstruction. They were treated with β-adrenoceptor blockers and intravascular expansion with limited success. Phentolamine was then given, resulting in dramatic improvement. The children could be weaned from the ventilator within hours of starting this new therapeutic modality.


Background Rituximab (RTX) is used in various autoimmune rheumatic diseases (AIRDs) that are refractory to standard therapies. Attrition of long-lived plasma cells and hypogammaglobulinaemia may occur with repeat cycles of therapy leading to serious infection. Objectives To evaluate risk factors for severe infection and assess outcome of secondary hypogammaglobulinaemia during RTX treatment in AIRDs. Methods We conducted a retrospective observational study of all patients with AIRDs treated with RTX at a single centre.Each cycle of RTX consisted of 2x1000mg infusions repeated on clinical relapse. IgM, IgA and IgG levels were measured at baseline and 6 months after each cycle. Baseline factors for association with serious infection within 12 months of a RTX cycle were tested using univariate (UVA) and multivariate (MVA) logistic regression analyses. Results The first 400 consecutive patients from a total cohort of 800 were analysed. 254 (63%) had RA, 88 (22%) SLE, 47 (12%) AAV, 6 (1.5%) DM, 3 APS (1%) and 2 (0.5%) SSc. Total follow-up: 1650.3 patient-years. There were 166 serious infections recorded in 101 patients; 135 in 88 within 12 months of a cycle (8.1/100 patient years). Rates were lower in connective tissue disease (6.5) than RA (9.4). In MVA, previous severe infection, corticosteroids and low IgG were significantly associated with increased risk of serious infection.Table 1 No severe infection (n=312) Severe infection (n=88) UVA OR (95% CI) MVA OR (95% CI), P Age, mean (SD) 53.5 (16.7) 57.3 (17.3) 1.2 (1.0–1.3) per 10 yrs 1.0 (0.8–1.2), 0.892 Female% 75 76 1.0 (0.6–1.8) – Disease duration, median (IQR) years 6.8 (2.9–13.9) 7.4 (2.5–15.1) 1.0 (1.0–1.0) – Follow-up, median (IQR) years 3.4 (2.0,6.1) 3.9 (2.0,6.9) 1.0 (1.0–1.1) – Ever smoking% 41 56 1.8 (1.1–3.0) 1.4 (0.8–2.5), 0.244 Previous cancer% 7 9 1.4 (0.6–3.2) – Chronic lung disease% 21 39 2.3 (1.4–3.8) 1.2 (0.6–2.3), 0.670 Heart failure% 1 5 4.9 (1.1–22.3) 3.9 (0.5–28.4), 0.177 Diabetes% 6 10 1.9 (0.8–4.3) 1.8 (0.6–5.0), 0.284 CTD% 37 36 1.0 (0.6–1.6) 1.0 (0.5–2.1), 0.992 Previous severe infection% 9 44 8.4 (4.7–15.0) 5.9 (3.0–11.7), <0.001 Previous DMARDS, median (IQR) 2 (1–3) 2 (1–3) 1.0 (0.8–1.1) – Previous cyclophosphamide% 27 29 1.1 (1.7–1.9) – Previous biologics, median (IQR) 0 (0–1) 0 (0–1) 0.9 (0.7–1.2) – Corticosteroids% 44 64 2.2 (1.4–3.6) 1.8 (1.0–3.3), 0.040 Corticosteroid dose, median (IQR) mg 0 (0–10) 5 (0–10) 1.0 (1.0–1.1) – IGM Low% (<0.5) 8 17 2.4 (1.2–4.8) 1.7 (0.7–4.0), 0.262 IGA Low% (<0.8) 3 3 1.3 (0.3–4.8) 0.6 (0.1–3.7), 0.586 IGG Low% (<6.0) 4 16 4.8 (2.1–11.1) 3.1 (1.1–9.1), 0.035 Ig data were available in 375 (94%) patients. At RTX initiation, 23 (6%) patients had low IgG (normal range 6–16 g/L). Following RTX treatment, 18 remained low, 3 returned to normal and 15 had developed new low IgG. 6 patients required Ig replacement due to recurrent serious infections related to low IgG. Conclusions We have identified risk factors for serious infection at RTX initiation including previous serious infection, concomitant corticosteroids and low IgG. Most hypogammaglobulinaemia persisted with subsequent treatment thus highlighting the need for Ig monitoring. Further analysis of changes in Ig levels and infection in repeat cycles is in progress and can be used to develop guidelines for safety monitoring of rituximab. Acknowledgement Dr John Baptiste Candelier, Lt Kol Dr Hatem and Huma Cassamoali Disclosure of Interest M. Y. Md Yusof: None declared, E. M. Hensor: None declared, S. Das: None declared, E. M. Vital Grant/research support from: Roche, GSK, P. Emery Grant/research support from: Abbott, BMS, Pfizer, MSD and Roche., Consultant for: BMS, Abbott, Pfizer, MSD, Novartis, Roche and UCB, S. Savic: None declared


This article explores how liberal politicians like Phil Burton of San Francisco joined with welfare rights lobbyists and bureaucrats to embrace late twntieth-century notions of sexual equality through a broader reconception of economic equality brought about by the expansion of the California welfare state in the early 1960s.


Recent years witnessed an increase in the number of people using computational chemistry. This increase has been facilitated by the development of computer software. Chemometrics is involved in the process of producing data and in the extraction of the information from them. The key to chemometrics is involved in the process of producing data and in the extraction of the Maryam Abbasi Tarighat1*, Fereshteh Abasi Tarighat2, Reza Sharafdini3 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, 75169, (IRAN) Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Science, (IRAN) Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Sciences, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, 75169, (IRAN) E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; email@example.com


Alliance networks are strategic decisions involving trade-offs between two stylized structural design choices: prominent and entrepreneurial. Prominent alliance networks emphasize benefits arising out of multiple access and affiliation to other prominent firms in the network. An entrepreneurial position, on the other hand, emphasizes brokerage and diversity benefits arising out of access to nonredundant and diverse information. We demonstrate that the performance benefits of each type of alliance network are contingent on environmental change and strategy, and are thus time dependent. Following an environmental change event in the steel industry, alliance networks that were more entrepreneurial performed better, while those that were more prominent suffered performance decline. However, when the change was radical, both types of alliance networks were negatively related to performance. We suggest that following a radical change, industry alliance networks may not have the requisite information necessary for quick and effective strategic responses. Firms pursuing an analyzer strategy performed better when emphasizing a prominent, and to a lesser extent, entrepreneurial alliance network. However, firms that develop an alliance network high on both prominent and entrepreneurial structural positions had lower relative performance. Our results indicate the need for managers to assess their alliance portfolio over time and redesign it based on environmental and strategic contingencies. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Determination of cyanide ion has been studied by adsorptive stripping voltammetry using hanging mercury electrode. Cyanide ion complexed with copper ion is adsorpbed on the electrode and oxidised at the positive potential scan. Optimal conditions of CN determination were found to be ; supporting electrolyte solution ; 0.1 M NaCl of ammonium buffer at pH 10, accumulation potential; -800 mV vs Ag/AgCl, accumulation time ; 300 s, scan rate ; 50mV/s. The linear concentration of cyanide ion was observed in the range , . The detection limit(n/s=3) was () with 3.5% RSD.


Abstract Trifluoromethylated alkynes (CF3 alkynes) are among the most powerful synthetic intermediates for the preparation of fluorine-containing materials. In this account, our recent advances on the synthesis and reactions of trifluoromethylated alkynes are described. 1 Introduction 2 Synthesis of Trifluoromethylated Alkynes 3 Addition Reactions of H–M, C–M and M–M (M = Metal) with Trifluoromethylated Alkynes 3.1 Hydrostannation (H–Sn) 3.2 Hydroboration (H–B) 3.3 Hydrosilylation (H–Si) 3.4 Other Hydrometallations (H–Cu, H–Al) 3.5 Carbostannylation (C–Sn) 3.6 Carbocupration (C–Cu) 3.7 Carbopalladation (C–Pd) 3.8 Bisstannylation (Sn–Sn) 3.9 Silylstannylation (Si–Sn) 4 Cyclization Using Trifluoromethylated Alkynes 4.1 Synthesis of Trifluoromethylated Dihydroisoxazoles 4.2 Synthesis of Trifluoromethylated Indoles 4.3 Synthesis of Trifluoromethylated Benzofurans 4.4 Synthesis of Trifluoromethylated Isoquinolines 4.5 Synthesis of Trifluoromethylated Cyclopentenones 4.6 Synthesis of Trifluoromethylated Benzenes 5 Concluding Remarks


Feature description is an important stage in many different vision algorithms. Image features detected by various detectors can be described using descriptors either with a binary or floating-point structure. This study presents the use of evolutionary algorithms, namely Genetic Algorithms (GA), in order to improve the robustness of the feature descriptors against increasing levels of photographic distortions such as noise or JPEG compression. Original feature descriptors were evolved in order to reduce the descriptor distance for the mentioned test cases. Results, tested using a statistical framework, suggest that the evolved descriptors offer better matching performance for two state-of-the-art descriptors.


A number of aspects in the relations and calculations of foreign dealers of machinery and equipment used in agriculture with agricultural producers who purchase this equipment are considered. A comparative analysis of the level of hourly payments of production and service workers in certain countries of the world is given.


A study was conducted to evaluate the suitability of cowpea (Vigna anguiculata) varieties for maize-cowpea intercropping in leaf stripped and detasselled maize at the University of Zimbabwe Farm during the 2005/6 cropping season. A Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD 4*3*2 factorial experimental design was adopted. Three factors that included cowpea variety, cropping system and detasselling/leaf stripping were used for the design. Trailing and climbing varieties invested more dry matter to vegetative growth than the new upright bushy cultivars that invested most of their dry matter in grain yield. Leafstripping and detasselling significantly increased cowpea grain and maize yields. Sole cowpea grain yield was significantly higher than grain yield from their respective intercrops. Weed density significantly (P<0.01) decreased at 6 weeks after crop emergence (WACE and at maize physiological maturity (PM), and biomass decreased at 6 (WACE) and maize (PM) respectively. Weed density was reduced in the intercrops when maize was intercropped with CBC3, BEB and L. Landrace. In contrast R.ex-Mbare was not effective in suppressing weeds when intercropped with maize. Leafstripping and detasselling maize at anthesis can be used by smallholder farmers to increase the productivity of maize and cowpea.


Disclosed are an apparatus and method for measuring occlusal force of teeth, which measure the occlusal force of teeth on a real time basis, and objectify and quantify the occlusal force before and after dental treatment. The method for continuously measuring the occlusal force of teeth of a patient comprises the following steps: attaching a strain gauge to the side surfaces of target teeth; obtaining a measurement signal generated from the strain gauge corresponding to the repeated mastication of the target teeth; and calculating the occlusal force of the desired teeth using the measurement signal.


The determents of green food purchasing behavior are analyzed from comumption psychological perspective.Self-administrated questionnaire survey is used to collect data.Theoretical framework based on the theory of planned behavior is constructed.The results shows that consumer's attitude buying green food,subjective norm and perceived difficulty influence consumer's intention to buy green food significantly and consumer's intention to buy green food can be a effective predictor of their final purchasing behavior.


Editors' noteLater this year 'JMET' will begin to cover, in 'News, trends & techniques', the results of the DHSS's new evaluations of electro medical equipment. Coverage will start with a report on a recent issue of the Department's 'Health Equipment Information' on defibrillators.The editors wish to acknowledge the Department's help in setting up this new feature.'Health Equipment Information' is published several times a year and is available free ro all NHS employees (individuals must order their copies through their health authority). The journal is on sale to non-NHS staff at $3.00 per copy; annual subscriptions are also offered. Orders should be sent to the DHSS Leaflets Unit, PO Box 21, Stanmore, Middlesex HA7 1AY, UK. The Department is anxious to receive feedback from 'HE1' readers: comments on particular issues, suggestions for the future etc.


The last 10 years have seen a significant transformation of initial teacher education in England. The establishment of school-based partnerships and increasingly tight government regulation have reduced the autonomy of universities in the professional preparation of teachers. In the context of these changes the Developing Expertise of Beginning Teachers project was established to explore the learning of beginning teachers through the course of their initial training and early years in the profession. This paper, based on post-lesson interview data collected during the first half of the training year, focuses on two aspects of student teachers' thinking: the reasons put forward for their teaching decisions; and their evaluation of that teaching. Analysis of lesson aims and the factors taken into account in seeking to achieve them suggests a high level of concern for pupil learning, echoed in their lesson evaluations, and a surprisingly sophisticated grasp of the complexity of teaching.


Aim  This purpose of our study was to assess and compare anthropometric measures of adiposity and direct measurement of percentage body fat by dual emission X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) in children with cerebral palsy (CP). We also compared our results in children with CP with results from a national sample of typically developing children from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.


The development of anti-breast cancer drug has become a major direction in cancer research. Accumulating evidence has shown that many types of cancer, including breast cancer, are initiated from and maintained by a small population of cancer stem cells (CSCs). This study applies suspension culture technique to screen agents that target cancer stem cells of MDA-MB-231 cell line and identified Brefeldin A as a cancer stem cell-specific cytotoxic reagent. Results indicated that Brefeldin A treatment inhibited the growth of MDA-MB-231 cells in suspension cultures in a dose-responsive manner (IC50: 0.016 μg/ml). Cell migration and clonogenicity of MDA-MB-231 cells were effectively inhibited by Brefeldin A. Brefeldin A induced apparent apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells at 4 hour after treatment as detected by Annexin V-PI staining. Therefore, Brefeldin A has therapeutic potential in treating human breast cancer. Further investigation of the mechanism, effectiveness and safety of Brefeldin A is warranted.


The assignments of the long-range 13C, 1H coupling constants in the 13C NMR spectra of the base moieties of several purine and pyrimidine nucleosides and their analogues were established by the application of long-range selective 1H decoupling with low-power 1H irradiation. The 3J values between the carbons and protons of the pyrimidine ring in these compounds were larger than the 2J values. The conformational preference of these nucleosides in solution was shown to be predominantly anti from the value of the vicinal 13C, 1H coupling constants between H-1′ and the base carbons through the glycosidic bond.


Expert system is one of the AI Development fields. AI (Artificial Intelligence) is part of a computer science which used the computer to imitate the human thoughts and behavior. The usage of a method in Expert System is very important. Thus, the most compatible method to use is the Certainty Factor method. This method is suitable to be used on Expert System to measure things and diagnosed it, will it be very sure or unsure. For example, Expert System to diagnose disease on strawberry plants. This software allows the user to diagnose the disease on strawberry plants before taking a further action. This software is using PHP programming language and store the data using MySQL system database. When the user consulting to the software, the software will show the symptoms of the disease and the user can choose the level of certainty from the chosen disease symptom. The final result from the software is a form which includes the guide of how to take the measurement of the disease based on the chosen symptoms.


During the development of polymer flooding, due to factors such as the heterogeneity of the reservoir, some inefficient oil wells appeared in the area. In order to reduce the effect difference between oil well groups and improve plane contradictions, we The division of the inefficient oil wells and the analysis of the causes, and adopting effective treatment countermeasures, this method promotes the effectiveness of the inefficient oil wells, can improve the overall development effect of the polymer flooding, and the method further perfects the polymer flooding comprehensive adjustment technology.


Introduction: Learners are key figures for whom the provision and perception of positive, progressive and encouraging interactive educational environment at any educational institution is very crucial. The study aimed to find the perception of nursing students of two different medical colleges regarding their educational environment. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 190 students through the use of internationally validated, non-culturally specific questionnaire. The responses were made on five points Likert scale scored from 0 to 4. The overall score was interpreted as very poor, plenty of problems, more positive than negative and excellent based on obtained score of 0-50, 51-100, 101-150 and 151-200 respectively. Descriptive statistics and one way analysis of variance test was used to analyze the collected data. Results: There were 98 (51.6%) participants from College of Medical Sciences and 92 (48.4%) from Lumbini Medical College and Teaching Hospital. The overall score of perception of educational environment were 142.13±14.90 (74.64%) and 144.34±15.59 (76.14%) in the two centers respectively which means more positive than negative perceptions. Only nature of accommodation was found statistically significant with students' perception of teachers (p = 0.014). Conclusion: Majority opined a more positive than negative perception towards educational environment. Good communication skills of teachers, knowledgeable teachers, teaching to develop their competence level were some positive perceptions. Whereas, teachers being authoritarian, focus on short term and factual learning, lack of support system were the areas which could be improved.


1. Hydroxyproline is an amino acid specific of collagen, so that any changes in its urinary concentration is a proof of the metabolical changes of collagen. 2. The basic value of hydroxyproline in rats investigated by us was of 270 +/- 49 mug/24 hours. 3. The total irradiation with 700 r induced a marked increase of urinary hydroxyproline, beginning after 24 hours and with a maximum level after 48 hours.


Teaching not only has instrumental value in the instruction of knowledge and skills,but also has the ontological value out of which people can get the spiritual pleasure.However,due to the losing of people's interest in teaching,impact of traditional culture and existence of illogical system,the practical teaching has made teachers and students lose their pleasurable experience.Pleasurable experience exists in teaching objectively.Teaching activities could be made pleasurable by changing notions and accomplishing the system.


Ruan Ji is an outstanding representative of Zheng Shi literature,and his personality and poetry had great influence on the following generations.Ruan Ji himself and the "Intone Poem" revealed the quality of curing the society,the rebellious spirit and the life complex.Throughout his life,Ruan Ji had been keen on life but experienced desperation,while fought continuously in desperation.


This paper sets out to elaborate on Romania's specific agenda regarding the approach to the integration process in the EU as a project of modernization. The focus is on the functional aspects, the type of strategic solutions destined to consolidate the specific transformations belonging to post-communist transition seen as an internal transition, on the one hand and on the other hand to push convergence as the essence of integration, marked by the vision of EU integration as a continuation of change, which is the stage of external transition. Identifying the prominent factors and the pragmatic priorities of the escape from the peripheries of development by engaging in evolution by way of the second modernization constitutes as well a target for analysis. One particularity of the method of analysis is the review if the value-set of the bobsled effect of path dependency – the path of the peripheries – as well as of the set of values of the escape from the peripheries.


The radio waves propagating through the earth atmosphere will be attenuated due to the presence of atmosphere particles, such as water vapor, water drops and the ice particles. The atmospheric gases and rain will both absorb and scatter the radio waves, and consequently degrade the performance of the link. Rain is a major source of attenuation for microwave propagation above 7 GHz. In tropical and equatorial regions, the rain intensity is higher and designing terrestrial and earth-to-satellite microwave links are very critical and challenging for high frequencies. This paper presents the summary of rain effects studies for lower operating frequency such as C band compare to higher operating frequency such as Ka band in tropical environment. The main objective to justified the literature findings on the effect of rain at lower and higher operating frequency in microwave link and solution to overcome it. An experimental test bed has been set up for 5.8 GHz and 23 GHz terrestrial point to point data communication link. The received signal strength (RSS) data and rain fall intensity data were recorded for 24 hours daily over period of 7 months (June 2011 - Dec 2011) at 1 minute interval. The collected rain rate data been analyzed with some prediction based on the results obtain. The main outcome of the research shows there is no effect of rain for 5.8 GHz link but there is strong effects with rain on the 23 GHz link. It was observed 15 dB to 35 dB attenuation during measurement period. This will be useful resources of information for researchers or telecommunication engineers, before implementation any mitigation method as a solution for point to point terrestrial link communication in future.


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An interactive computer program has been developed by the Bureau of Mines which enables the user to identify the effect of cutting system changes on relative dust generation for longwall shearer drums. The program simultaneously evaluates machine and coal seam parameters, and those parameters which the user can control. The user can change one or more of these parameters at a time to determine their effect on relative dust generation, cutting forces, and/or cost. The program is written in the BASIC programming language. A complete program listing is included along with user instructions and sample outputs. The program is a more comprehensive version of the relative dustiness index (REDI) program described in Bureau Report of Investigations 8979.


The hydrolysis of cyanuric chloride is investigated as a function of temperature, pH, and cyanuric chloride concentration in liquid phase. The hydrolysis reaction is carried out in water or acetone/water system in the temperature range of 283.15−303.15 K. The hydrolysis rates of cyanuric chloride are monitored at different temperatures and at various pHs. The experiment data show that the hydrolysis rates are independent of pH value when pH ≤ 6, and increase with the pH value when pH ≥ 7. On the basis of the results, it is supposed that the hydrolysis reaction takes place by the unimolecular nucleophilic substitution (SN1) mechanism when pH ≤ 6 and by the bimolecular nucleophilic substitution (SN2) mechanism when pH ≥ 7. Kinetics models corresponding to the mechanisms are proposed as follow: −d(nA/v)/dt = 7.625 × 109e−69298/RTcA for the acidic situation and −d(nA/v)/dt = 7.112 × 1011e−59267/RTcAcB0.5 for the alkaline situation. Experiment data show that the models work well with the average deviations of ...


We present a tensor-structured method to calculate the Møller-Plesset (MP2) correction to the Hartree-Fock energy with reduced computational consumptions. The approach originates from the 3D grid-based low-rank factorization of the two-electron integrals performed by the purely algebraic optimization. The computational scheme benefits from fast multilinear algebra implemented on the separable representations of the molecular orbital transformed two-electron integrals, the doubles amplitude tensors and other fours order data-arrays involved. The separation rank estimates are discussed. The so-called quantized approximation of the long skeleton vectors comprising the tensor factorizations of the main entities allows to reduce the storage costs. The detailed description of tensor algorithms for evaluation of the MP2 energy correction is presented. The efficiency of these algorithms is illustrated in the framework of Hartree-Fock calculations for compact molecules, including alanine and glycine amino acids.


The present study aimed to analyze the Quality of Life at Work in a cosmetic industry. The objective was to compare these perceptions with the company's practices, namely, with the actions narrated by the manager. This study is supported on Quality of Work theorists such as Walton (1973), Nadler and Lawler (1983) and Hackman and Oldhan (1975). The methodology used consisted of a review of the literature on the subject and an empirical study. The approach is qualitative and the data collection was made with a questionnaire based on the model proposed by Walton (1973), which was applied to employees of the Informatics sector. A semi-structured interview with the Human Resources manager was also used. The results reveal agreement on the perception of employees and the practices of Quality of Work Life that the company reports applying.


A co-oriented foliation F of an oriented 3-manifold M is taut if and only if there is a map from M to the 2-sphere whose restriction to every leaf is a branched cover.


Harvesters for implantable medical applications need to generate enough energy to power their loads, but their efficiency is reduced when implanted under the tissue. Conventional photovoltaic (PV) cell harvesters made with CMOS technology stack cells in series, which raises output voltage but lowers power conversion efficiency. In addition, it is difficult to assess harvester performance prior to fabrication. To address these challenges, we developed a novel parallel PV cell configuration that fully utilizes all triple-well diodes and responds efficiently to near-infrared light. Using an optimized structure, the PV cells were fabricated through standard TSMC 65-nm CMOS technology, achieving an efficiency of 18.6%, open circuit voltage of 0.45 V, and short circuit current of 1.9 mA cm $^{-{2}}$ . These results confirm the ability of the device to generate sufficient energy even when implanted beneath the tissue. Multiphysics finite element modeling (FEM) was used to optimize the stacking structure of the CMOS PV cell, and experimental results showed a successfully delivered power density of 1.2 mW cm $^{-{2}}$ (single cell 1.04 mm2) when placed 2 mm below porcine skin. Different array configurations of six PV cells were also experimentally studied using external wire switching, demonstrating the flexibility of the PV array in delivering different output energy for various implantable devices.


Digital agriculture is the main direction of the world agriculture development in the future. Unified Modeling Language(UML)is a kind of visual modeling language.It can be used to describe the system and constructing the systematic structure of the software.This article briefly introduced the concepts of the UML and discussed how to use it in the cultivated forage grasses production management system.The system complexity decreased,and it was convenient in management.


Scratch test and friction test were performed to evaluate the internal and external interface behaviors of TiAlSiN coating, respectively. The critical compressive and shearing stress of coating failure during scratch test were calculated and the values are 30.84 MPa and 4.98 MPa respectively. The average friction coefficients of TiAlSiN coating against 2Cr12Ni4Mo3VNbN steel are 0.70 (sliding speed 50 m/min), 0.63 (sliding speed 100 m/min), and 0.81 (sliding speed 150 m/min). The elements diffusion was analyzed by EDS. Al and Si element of coating material diffuse to the steel disc, except Ti element. The oxidation decreases with the increase of sliding speed, but the adhesion increases with the increase of sliding speed. More Al element diffuses to the steel disc at the high sliding speed, but the diffusion of Si element keeps almost constant at different sliding speeds.


Introducing spatial information technology into logistics for Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) can improve the logistics management and running efficiency. On the analysis of spatial information and GIS GPS RS integration technology. The paper discusses the application mode of spatial information integration technology in logistic management and freight vehicle monitoring. Furthermore, their system compositions and application frameworks are also given.


The earliest burial had 3 bodies: perhaps one interred before the other pair. The oldest person, a female, had a gold sheet diadem attached to the forehead by a now perished cord. Finds associated were gold pins, beads of rock crystal, carnelian and other stone, and a scarab with winged deities. An impressive bronze ladle had a deep bowl and a 0.5m l. handle with a bird terminal: by the mouth of the pithos was an 8 Ct Cypriot oinochoe. The 2 pithos held a single skeleton associated with one gold and one iron pin. The last pithos too held one body, with a necklace of gold sheet rosettes, a gold relief bead with a head in EIA style and more pins of bronze and iron. The goods in the first pithos resembled others found earlier in a pit grave which held the burnt remains of a 'warriorprince'. The excavators surmise that there may be earlier BA burials in the area − perhaps the source of offerings such as sealstones and stone vases in Geo burials. Also in this area is a Geo structure of the 8 Ct BC, partly sunk into the ground. It is not fully excavated, but has substantial walls (2m h. x 1.5m w.), stone benches and tables inside and is equipped with kraters and many cups. The report speculates on a possible connection with rites for the dead. Finally, 3 ash urns were found, similar to those associated with the warrior-prince pit burials; they had been closed by bronze bowls imported from Egypt or Asia Minor. Ta Nea and Eleutheros Typos (05/02/2008) carry reports of a unique item that is compared with the Antikythera mechanism and interpreted as a Rom lock. Recovered in 2002, it has been subjected to extensive scientific examination at Rethymnon (D. Kalligeropoulos and S. Vasileiadou). It was recovered in a pottery store of a small Rom bath-house, the roof of which collapsed in the 365 AD earthquake, killing at least one person. Probably once attached to a ceiling beam by its 10-link chain (0.53m l.), a potential key to it was located nearby. The mechanism is cylindrical, around 1kg in weight and of metal: it has further bands of bronze attached to the exterior. The interior was divided into 2, with 3 cogged wheels of iron set on a pin and a further ovoid plate.


We study the effects of an in-plane Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction under an external magnetic field in the highly frustrated kagome antiferromagnet. We focus on the low-temperature phase diagram, which we obtain through extensive Monte-Carlo simulations. We show that, given the geometric frustration of the lattice, highly non trivial phases emerge. At low fields, lowering the temperature from a cooperative paramagnet phase, the kagome elementary plaquettes form non-coplanar arrangements with non-zero chirality, retaining a partial degeneracy. As the field increases, there is a transition from this "locally chiral phase" to an interpenetrated spiral phase with broken $\mathcal{Z}_{3}$ symmetry. Furthermore, we identify a quasi-skyrmion phase in a large portion of the magnetic phase diagram, which we characterize with a topological order parameter, the scalar chirality by triangular sublattice. This pseudo-skyrmion phase (pSkX) consists of a crystal arrangement of three interpenetrated non-Bravais lattices of skyrmion-like textures, but with a non-(fully)-polarized core. The edges of these pseudo-skyrmions remain polarized with the field, as the cores are progressively canted. Results show that this pseudo-skyrmion phase is stable up to the lowest simulated temperatures, and for a broad range of magnetic fields.


The presence of diffuse far-infrared emission from the interstellar dust which has the form of the so-called 'Galactic-cirrus' has made the detection and flux determination of faint extragalactic sources difficult, especially near the Galactic plane. This effect is most serious at long infrared wavelengths around (lambda) 100 micrometers , and is especially obvious in sky survey images made with the infrared astronomical satellite (IRAS) at those wavelengths. We describe the development of a filter designed to remove the cirrus emission from the IRAS images using classification and morphological operations. The technique, based upon 'sieving', involves extracting the size information of the objects to form a growth cube, and then classifying the growth information with the K-means method. This allows the cirrus emission to be distinguished from other forms of emission in the images. The growth characteristic of the cirrus is then used to remove the cirrus components from the growth for each pixel for each field making extragalactic infrared emission more observable. This filtering process was applied to various fields detected by IRAS and the cirrus noise filtered successfully.


A converter intended to be used for the interconnection of battery-based energy storage systems with the cells of a multilevel converter is addressed in this paper. High efficiency at light and medium loads is important in these applications and it can be achieved using soft switching techniques. Two control techniques with fixed and variable switching frequency are proposed and compared. The use of silicon carbide (SiC) mosfets provides a higher attainable switching frequency, which is especially interesting in variable frequency control techniques, allowing the operation at high voltages and high switching frequencies, with high efficiencies over a wide power range. A synchronous boost DC/DC converter rated for 400 to 800 V and 10 kW is designed and developed with SiC  mosfets obtaining efficiencies higher than 97% from 100% to 3.5% of full load using a variable switching frequency (up to 200 kHz) control. Significant efficiency improvement is achieved at medium and light loads.


Between that tragic incident at Bhopal and now, much progress has been made to understand the systemic effects of methyl isocyanate (MIC). Being a potent pulmonary irritant, inhaled MIC causes respiratory depression and extensive alveolar damage. In spite of its high reactivity, MIC either inhaled or administered through systemic route reaches various organs in its active form and produces a dose dependent hypotension, haemoconcentration, hyperglycemia, clinical lactic acidosis and uraemia in rats. The sequence of events after MIC intoxication subcutaneously clearly indicates the primary event to be hypotension, persisting for a longer duration with increasing severity possibly due to fluid loss (hypovolemia). However, the predominant biological effect of MIC intoxication in mammals is severe tissue hypoxia leading to acute metabolic acidosis, The raison d'etre for the induction of tissue hypoxia by MIC are many fold. Besides, the respiratory depression, MIC causes stagnant hypoxia affecting cardiovascular system and histotoxic hypoxia through its effects on the mitochondrial respiration Apart from the acute necrotizing bronchiolitis due to corrosive action of MIC, the histological changes such as the severe intraseptal edema, collection of fluid and exuded plasma proteins within the interstitial and alveolar spaces and those observed in the other vital organs provides clear evidence for the occurrence of fluid loss from the vascular compartment leading to hypovolemic shock.


A red-sensitive acrylamide-based photopolymer based on multiple polymerizable monomers is developed in this paper for holographic applications. In order to improve the spatial resolution of this photopolymer system, a new strategy of employing low molecular-weight polyvinyl alcohol as binder is proposed. The comparative experiments of different photosensitive system with various molecular weights (72000,15000, 9000) are conducted to study their effects on the diffraction efficiency and spatial resolution. The experimental results show that the photosensitive system with low molecular weight of 9000 has much higher resolution and diffraction efficiency, and bright volume transmission grating with spatial frequency of 3000 lines/mm and diffraction efficiency higher than 85% can be recorded successfully on the optimum photopolymer material at the exposure level of 40 mJ/cm2. Some preliminary applications of spatial and angular multiplexing holographic storage for storing multiple binary and grey-tone optical images, are successfully demonstrated.


1624 CLINICALCHEMISTRY,Vol. 26, No. 11, 1980 Hospital, the mean urinary excretions (ig/24 h) as measured by this method were 34 for norepinephrine (range 9-84), 4 for epinephrine (range 0-24), and 252 for dopaniine (range 74-540), in good agreement with the results of Moyer et al. (1) for normal and hypertensive subjects. Isolation of the amines with the ionexchange columns takes about an hour; the chromatography requires 6 min per sample. All components of the assay procedure are commercially available without any special preparation, which makes it particularly suitable for use as a routine screening procedure.


Summary: The Trokar-cystoscope opens new extraurethral ways for diagnosis and operative therapy and also for photography, cinemato-graphy and television of diseases of the prostate and bladder. It is indispensable for cryosurgery of tumours of the prostate and bladder. The Trokar-endoscopes are made by Richard Wolf from our date between 16 and 24 Fr. in all desired technical and optical variations.


The novel(s) of Kazuo Ishiguro puts into question the human memory - the capacity, reliability, fallibility, and combustibility - as well as its representation in an individual, collective and cultural sphere. In The remains of the day (1989), Ishiguro confronts the reader with the figure of Stevens, who constructs a narrative of the "I" through a process of recollection. Given that Stevens's memory appears far distant from the recollections of other witnesses, to deal with the reliability of this character narrator in the reconstruction of a historical past becomes an issue. This paper intends to offer a reading on the theme of memory in Kazuo Ishiguro's novel, The remains of the day, focusing on its individual and collective representation, this mainly through Maurice Halbwachs' theory of individual and collective memory. The dialogue demonstrates that the social dimension has an effect on how the protagonist recalls his own story and shapes the past of the Other(s).


This paper examines the Goal 11 of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the city of Aba in Abia State, South East Nigeria – in terms of how the city has fared, the prospects as well as the challenges it faces in meeting up with this goal. Despite being one of the commercial nerve centres in Nigeria, the city has over the years, been characterised by poor urban development – as it has been existing spontaneously without proper urban management and planning. The paper adopted the new urban sociology perspective and globalization as theoretical frameworks and strongly recommends for strong political will – policy continuity and consistency on the part of the government, social mobilization of the people to change their poor urban development attitude, promotion and standardization of made in Aba products – to boost the local market within and beyond, among others.


This paper examines the efficiency of a simple distributed algorithm, called Round-2, for further decreasing the size of connected dominating set (CDS) in ad hoc networks and evaluates its performance based on neighbors-covered and neighbor-pair-connected algorithms under two categories of local static priority information: node-identifier-based and node-degree-based. The Round-2 algorithm decreases the size of CDS by fixing half forward nodes determined in the first round and re-evaluating the other half nodes. The neighbors-covered algorithms decrease the size of CDS by checking whether neighbors of a node are covered by intermediate nodes with higher priority than that node. The neighbor-pair-connected algorithms do it by checking whether two neighbors of a node are connected via intermediate nodes with higher priority. The performance of the Round-2 algorithm with different numbers of non-restricted intermediate nodes is simulated.


Objective To discuss the effect of different approach on percutaneous endovascular aortic repair for Stanford B type aortic dissection,and to assess the feasibility,safety and effectiveness of preclose technique for the puncture and closure of femoral access sites.Methods A total of 69 patients of Stanford B type aortic dissection,admitted to authors' hospital during the period from May 2010 to June 2012,were used as the study group,and the patients received percutaneous endovascular aortic repair with preclose technique.Eight-six patients of Stanford B type aortic dissection,encountered at the hospital during the period from June 2007 to April 2010,were used as the control group,and the patients received percutaneous endovascular aortic repair with femoral artery incision.In study group,based on the external diameter of the graft two 6-F Perclose Proglide devices were placed in the femoral artery before inserting 20-24 F sheath.In control group,the sheath was removed when the incision of the femoral artery was sutured.The technical success rate,procedure time,immobilization time of lower extremity,local vascular complications,hospitalization days from procedure to discharge,the diameter changes of treated vessels at 3 months after the treatment were compared between the two groups.Results No significant differences in baselinecharacteristics and endograft type existed between the two groups.The technical success rate was100%in study group and 98.84%in control group.The procedure time and the hospitalizationdays from procedure to discharge in study group were much shorter than those in control group(85.42 ±20.65 mins vs.145.28 ± 32.68 mins.5.21 ± 1.98 days vs.8.47 ± 2.19 days,respectively,P 0.05).Compared with the conlrol group,the incidence of local complications was much lower in study group(2.94%vs.9.30%,P 0.05).No significant differences in the immobilization time of lower extremity and the diameter changes of treated vessels existed between the two groups.Conclusion By using preclose technique with Perelose ProGlide device the percutaneous endovascular aortic repair is safe and effective.The operation time as well as the local vascular complications can l)c distinctively reduced.Therefore,thistechnique is feasible and can replace femoral artery incision.


Abstract Introduction: In this video, intraureteral indocyanine green (ICG) administration for identification of the ureter during robotic ureteral reconstructive procedures is presented. Materials...


Maritime piracy poses a significant threat to international trade, particularly as it continues to wreak havoc on the Gulf of Aden and the Indian Ocean. However, beyond arousing the economic concerns of individual state actors and private business interests, maritime pirate activity threatens to fund criminal acts and terrorism on a global scale.


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate both nutrient and phytochemical content of Swiss chard grown under different fertilization and irrigation treatments and the effect of these treatments on the tested parameters.

Design/methodology/approach
Samples of fresh Swiss chard were collected from the experimental field of Ljeskopolje, Montenegro, where chard was grown under different fertilization and irrigation treatments. Swiss chard samples were analyzed for nutritional and antioxidant parameters.

Findings
In this study, the authors found that 100 g of Swiss chard is a good source of total chlorophyll (47.13 mg), carotenoids (9.85 mg), minerals as well as vitamin C (26.88 mg) expressed as mean values. Total phenol and flavonoid compounds content were (138.59 µg gallic acid equivalent (GAE) and 11.91 µg catechin equivalent (CAE) per mg of water extract, respectively), also expressed as mean values. The total antioxidant capacity (IC50 values) determined by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl assay ranged from 2.93 to 4.44 mg/mL of aquatic water extract. Different fertilization regimes affected the following parameters: phosphorous, protein content, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and vitamin C (p<0.05), while different irrigation regimes did not have any effect on the tested parameters (p>0.05), while interaction effect between fertilization and irrigation was found only for sodium and copper (p<0.05).

Originality/value
Swiss chard produced in Montenegro on a sandy clay loam soil with acid reaction contains appreciable amount of minerals, crude fibers, vitamin C, chlorophylls, carotenoids and polyphenols. The nutrient and phytochemical content of chard is equal or superior to other green leafy vegetables which are considered as functional food. It was identified as a potentially rich source of essential nutrients and phytochemical compounds. The promotion of higher consumption and production of Swiss chard may represent a natural and sustainable alternative for improving human health.


This paper proposes a reading of John Cage's artwork Not Wanting To Say Anything About Marcel. The work is emblematic of Cage's practice of art by virtue of the aleatory processes that are at the basis of its creation as well as of the desire to express silence through the act of creation. The work is a celebration of one of the most often proclaimed influences on Cage (Duchamp), but the composition becomes a celebration of creation and also a celebration of a community - that of the viewers and the artists — becoming an icon of influences working in infinite ways. The use of transparency creates an open field of reverberations from one field to the next, as from one layer of glass to the next. What remains is therefore only the trace of a meaning which cannot appear in a linear fashion, but only at the moment of its disappearance.


The multidrug‐resistance phenotype in human tumors is partly associated with over‐expression of the 170 kDa‐P‐glycoprotein encoded by the multidrug‐resistance‐1 (MDRI) gene. Another related, but non‐P‐glycoprotein, multidrug‐resistance‐associated protein (MRP) gene encodes a 190 kDa membrane ATP‐binding protein. Glioblastoma multiforme is a highly malignant primary neoplasm of the central nervous system which is refractory to anti‐cancer chemotherapy, but the mechanism underlying this drug resistance is unknown. Out of glioma cell lines, 2, namely IN500 and T98G, which had elevated MRP mRNA levels, showed the highest resistance to multiple anti‐cancer agents such as etoposide, vincristine and adriamycin, and decreased intracellular accumulation of etoposide. In the remaining 5 cell lines, various degrees of sensitivity to adriamycin and etoposide appeared to correlate with their respective MRP mRNA levels. Our study proposes that MRP may be involved in spontaneous multidrug resistance in human gliomas.


BACKGROUND
Anecdotal reports indicate a decreasing number of patients presenting for assessment, and in particular a reduction in the number of patients requiring cataract surgery in Pacific Island Countries (PICs). Furthermore, research and routine surveillance is uncommon.

AIM
To analyse and describe the records of eye health outreach clinics from a single provider in seven Pacific Islands.

METHOD
Routine data collected at the Fred Hollows Foundation eye health outreach clinics in Fiji, Kiribati, Papua New Guinea (PNG), Samoa, the Solomon Islands, Tonga and Vanuatu between 2009 and 2013 were analysed.

RESULTS
Over the study period the number of patients treated per clinic fell in Fiji, Samoa and the Solomon Islands. Data from PNG show a higher mean number of patients per clinic and the numbers of patients presenting at PNG outreach clinics appears to be increasing. Cataract was the main eye health condition for between 40%-70% of visits overall, but this range varied between 14% (PNG) and 94% (Fiji). In all countries, males were more likely to receive cataract surgery than females. Refractive error was the most common presenting complaint at PNG outreach clinics; diabetic retinopathy was most common in Tonga. Cases of trachoma or trichiasis were identified in all countries, excepting Kiribati, Samoa and Tonga.

CONCLUSION
Data from outreach eye health clinics show marked differences between PICs in the most common presenting conditions. In three countries, it appears there has recently been a reduction in the overall number of patients presenting for treatment. Cautious interpretation of the data is required due to concern about data completeness and quality.


Structured interviews are much more valid than unstructured ones. An important prerequisite for structured interviews is the use of an interview guide of high quality. Hints for the construction of interview guides are widespread in the literature, but there is no systematic collection of generally applicable rules for the evaluation and construction of interview guides. We, therefore, systematically collected the relevant rules concerning structure, contents, and question formulation in the Requirement-profile for In-depth-Interviews in Psychological Assessment (RIPA). By applying RIPA, we get indications of the strengths and weaknesses of interview guides. In our study the following questions are answered: How well can novices understand these rules, and are they able to evaluate a part of an interview guide correctly? Fifty-five students of psychology evaluated a part of an interview guide using RIPA. The mean percentage of correct decisions varied between 63% and 89%. This shows the comprehensibility ...


The study aimed to find out the effect of core-shoulder stability exercises on shoulder performance among throwers with glenohumeral internal rotation deficit (GIRD). Out of Forty-two athletes who participated, 30 subjects were selected who fulfilled the selection criteria and were randomized into 2 groups with 15 subjects in each group. Throwing accuracy (functional throwing performance index), throwing distance (overall medicine throw test), and shoulder range of motion were assessed and recorded at baseline, 3rd week, and 6th week of intervention. The control group received shoulder stability exercises while the study group received core-shoulder stability exercises 4 days per week for 6 consecutive weeks. Repeated measure ANOVA was used to see the difference between groups (groups 1 and 2) and time (baseline,3rd week, and 6th week ) Averaged across times statistically significant improvement was found in overhead medicine ball throw in the study group (Group 2) as compared to the control group with p<0.05. No significant difference was found in the functional throwing performance index and range of motion when groups were compared across times. However, for all the outcome measures when compared across groups, a significant difference was found between 6th and 3rd-week scores as compared to baseline scores. This indicates improvements were seen in both groups independently. We conclude that core stability and shoulder stability training both improve the range of motion with throwing accuracy and distance. Core stability training improves throwing distance compared to shoulder stability training in subjects with GIRD.


The process of growing old must be experienced by everyone in their survival. Where problems related to the development of the life of the elderly one of them is the aging process, both physically, mentally and psychosocially. The older a person, the physical ability will decrease, so that it can lead to a decline in social roles. This also results in the emergence of disruption in terms of fulfilling their needs, so that it can increase dependency which will require the help of others. Based on these guidelines, one of the physical activities that should be recommended for the elderly to exercise their body's functional activities is Tai Chi exercise. This study aims to determine the effect of Tai Chi gymnastic intervention on increasing Activity Of Daily Living in the elderly before and after the Tai chi exercise intervention. This type of research is a quasi-experiment with one group pre-test and post-test design. The measuring instrument for the Activity Of Daily Living used was Index Barthel. The sampling technique was purposive sampling with 10 respondents. Respondents were given Tai Chi exercise for 30 minutes 3 times a week for 2 weeks. Analysis of this research data using the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test statistical test. The results of the data analysis test showed that the Activity of Daily Living score of the pre-test was 12.80 and post-test was 15.70 with p-value 0.004. This shows that Tai Chi exercises can increase Activity of Daily Living in the elderly. It can be concluded that Tai Chi gymnastics is one of the right interventions to increase the elderly Activity Of Daily Living at Tresna Werdha Social Institution KSI Batusangkar. It is suggested to the elderly or the surrounding community to always do physical activities, especially Tai Chi exercises that have many benefits, one of which is to increase Activity Of Daily Living Kata Kunci : Senam Tai Chi, Activity Of Daily Living, Lansia


The use of passive components like inductors embedded in the board substrate offers attractive opportunities for miniaturization and cost reduction. More and more HDI organic substrates are used due to the moderate costs. Design of these embedded passives is one of the greatest challenges in the future. Applying an optimized components' design the RF characteristics of the passive components is limited by the substrate technology. Technological constrains of HDI substrates like the surface roughness in the interface between the metallization line (copper) and the dielectric and etching angle of metallization line influence the RF characteristics of embedded components. This paper, for the first time, introduces and summarizes the effects of technological constrains of HDI organic substrate on RF properties of embedded inductor component. Methods for effective RF modeling will be introduced. RF models are validated using measurement.


Near-field injection at silicon level is a promising method for various areas such as the analysis of radiated immunity to electromagnetic disturbances. Up to now, the research has been mainly focused at PCB level due to the resolution of the near-field probe. This paper presents first investigations of near-field injection on a Safe System Basis Chip at die level. The investigations are focused on one of the regulators included in this IC. The goal is to use the coupling path from 'ultra-high-radiation' to check if the Fail Safe Machine detects correctly the regulator failures during near-field injection. Moreover, simulations help to understand the failure mechanism.


Anthropomorphic dummies are widely used by research laboratories to study safety problems either in car accident reconstruction or in simulated collisions. The design and construction of such models are strongly improved for frontal impacts but need to be adjusted to other specific conditions such as lateral impacts or biomechanical realism. The purpose of this paper is to review the design and construction of a 50th percentile crash dummy and to show the evolution of the model based on biomechanical data which allows a more accurate investigation in some specific conditions. This work was elaborated at the Laboratory of Biomechanics of ONSER (France) under the sponsorship of the French administration and partly with EEC funds for the adaptation to lateral impact. For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 286949. (Author/TRRL)


The amygdala plays an important role in the regulation of stress and anxiety. However, little is known about the relationship between amygdala connectivity and subsequent stress-induced behavior. The current study investigated whether amygdala connectivity measured before experiencing stress is a predisposing neural feature of subsequent stress-induced behavior while individuals face an emergent and unexpected event like the COVID-19 outbreak. Using an fMRI cohort established before the pandemic in Wuhan, Hubei, we found that resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of the right amygdala with the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) was negatively correlated with the stress-induced behavior of these volunteers during the COVID-2019 outbreak in Hubei. Furthermore, the self-connection of the right amygdala, inferred using dynamic causal modeling, was negatively correlated with stress-induced behavior in this cohort. A significant correlation between the right amygdala-dmPFC rsFC and self-connection of the right amygdala was found. Additionally, after three months of the COVID-19 outbreak in Hubei when the stressor weakened - and in another cohort collected in regions outside Hubei where the individuals experienced a lower level of stress - the relationship between the amygdala-dmPFC rsFC and the stress-induced behavior disappeared. Our findings support that amygdala connectivity is a predisposing neural feature of stress-induced behavior in the COVID-19 outbreak in Hubei, suggesting the amygdala connectivity before stress predicts subsequent behavior while facing an emergent and unexpected event. And thus our findings provide an avenue for identifying individuals vulnerable to stress using intrinsic brain function before stress as an indicator.


Preoperative irradiation in a moderate dose schedule (2,000–3,000 rads∕two weeks) followed promptly by surgery has had a favorable effect, when matched with controls, on the survival of male patients with operable and resectable adenocarcinoma of the rectum, particularly when the lesion is low-lying and requires an abdominoperineal resection. There is a significant reduction in the finding of positive lymph nodes in the treated group (27%) compared with the controls (40%). With 700 men already in the study, life table survivals at five years are documented at 40.4% for irradiated patients who undergo abdominoperineal resection vs. 27.5% for the control group. This favorable effect appears dose-related.


Efforts at this facility are directed toward obtaining fundamental information concerning Pu-bearing potential reactor fuels. Fuel materials for high-temperature fast breeder reactors are emphasized. Research work being done on Pu phase studies, measurement of physical and thermal properties associated with Pu systems, and preparation and characterization of Pu-bearing ceramic systems is discussed. (J.R.D.)


Vulvar cancer is the fourth most common after cervical cancer, ovarian and endometrial gynecologic cancer in developed countries. Represents 5% of the malignancies of the female genital tract in world population. During 2014 in the United States 4,850 cases of vulvar cancer and 1030 deaths from the disease (1) were screened. Between the years 1997 - 2004, the incidence of this country was 2.5 per 100,000 women (2). The frequency of vulvar cancer in 2010 at the National Cancer Institute was 0.4% of all cases of cancer, so the disease is in a bit prevalent in our environment (3)

The National Cancer Institute (NCI) an institutional review of cases diagnosed vulvar cancer from January 1990 to October 2006 was performed, which reported that the average age of onset of the disease is 59 years and 70 % of postmenopausal patients. The distribution by stage, was 14.2% for stage I, 27.6% for stage II, 44.8% for stage III and 13.4% for stage IV (4).


The MS presents an interesting aspect of the microphysical behaviour of atmospheric aerosols. Kevin effect prevents the small particles to be activated at small cooling rates. The presence of trace gases may change the activation behaviour of aerosol particles. These phenomena are well described under tropospheric condition for mono-dispersed particles distribution (Laaksonen et al, 1998). The present MS applied this theory to polydispersed particle populations and also under non-equilibrium conditions.


This work was supported by the Ministry
of Education and Science of Russian Federation (Project
11.G34.31.0020), Dynasty Foundation (Russia), grant of the
President of Russian Federation, and by the Australian
Research Council (CUDOS Centre of Excellence
CE110001018).


Many star bodies have convex subsets with approximately the same Gaussian measure (of the complement). Inspired by this phenomenon, and in connection with the randomized Dvoretzky theorem for Lorentz spaces, we derive bounds on the distribution of certain functions of a Gaussian random vector by approximating their sub-level sets by convex subsets.


This paper was to study the production scheduling for the industry enabling to change the product form according to customer's order. From a variety of products lengthened the process steps and time. The paper studied how to schedule the production table for increasing the efficiency of flexible flow system scheduling. The two state units were experimented. Each unit consisted of unrelated parallel machines. Then, based on the customer's needs, the flexible flow system production tables were scheduled with the genetic method. The experiment with data characterized by a normal distribution as the number of 20, 50, 80 and 107 jobs was implemented. The results showed that the production scheduling with the genetic method enabled to reduce the production time from 14 days into 12.4 days, or 11.42 percent, and the time analysis of the program processing had the significant relation to the number of the jobs, and the number of the search model.


Pollen fertility studies showed that flowers from the early flowering stage contain more fertile pollen (93.9-97.6 %) than later stage of flowering (68.9%). Pollen fertility percentage indicates development of anther. If the anthers are well-developed, the pollen fertility is expected to be high. The uninucleate stage is optimal for the culture of melon anthers, and these pollen stages appear in flower bud and anther with 4.5-5.0 mm and 1.9-2.0 mm length, respectively, in first week and 3.3-4.3 mm and 1.6-1.8 mm length, respectively, in the second week. This result indicates that flower and anther size reduces with increase in the age of the donor plant. In the early flowering stage, the plant produces larger flowers than at later stages. Among the three polysaccharides, lactose showed good effect on pollen division. The anther cultured in lactose supplemented MS medium produced the highest number of living anther per plate, number of living pollen per anther and dividing pollen per anther. Maltose supplemented MS medium showed moderate performance and sucrose the lowest for all parameters studied.


Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease characterized by the progressive destruction of the joints. RA is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The disease is more frequent in women (3:1) and shows prevalence of 0.5–1% in developed countries.[1] RA is a complex, polygenic and heterogeneous disease characterized by intricate interactions between genetic and environmental factors. The main genes related to susceptibility and severity of the disease are located in the major histocompatibility complex (human leukocyte antigen (HLA)) region. Specifically, the HLA-DRB1 alleles, encoding the so-called shared epitope (SE), can explain around 40% of the genetic burden of disease.[2] Other important genes related to susceptibility and/or severity of the disease are PTPN22, PADI4 and some loci related with the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α pathway.[3,4] The course and prognosis of RA has changed considerably since the advent of biological treatments. An early diagnosis and treatment along with tight control of the disease has improved the outcome of the disease. The mainstay of treatment for RA is currently based on two different therapeutic groups: conventional or synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and biological DMARDs, including TNF inhibitors (TNFi), monoclonal antibody directed against CD20 receptor of B cells (rituximab), interleukin (IL)-6 receptor antagonist (tocilizumab) and a specific neutralizer of the union between CD80/CD86 at antigen-presenting cell and CD28 at T-lymphocyte surface (abatacept). In the last years, a new generation of 'targeted' DMARDs, that is, Janus kinase pathway (JAK) inhibitors, are available in several countries and recommended by some clinical guidelines for the management of RA. Nevertheless, these agents have not yet been well studied in terms of predictors of response beyond the usual disease characteristics.


The most important task of the modern Russian Federation is the innovative development of the Russian economy as the basis of a new economic paradigm based on modern digital technologies. This article examines the transformation of HR processes in the context of the development of the digital economy in the Russian Federation. The questions of the use of modern digital technologies in personnel management are raised, which make it possible to more effectively manage the processes of labor productivity and human potential of the organization, as well as create a digital environment for personnel communication. The introduction of digital technologies in the field of human resource management will significantly change the approaches to personnel management standards. Organizations today must make decisions on the adequate equipping of departments and divisions with modern equipment and programs that allow them to quickly respond to changes in the external environment and advanced technologies. Digital resources allow organizing an effective personnel management process to automate and improve routine mechanisms, as well as reduce the load and funding of important tasks of the organization. Keywords—digial HRM, HR, HR transformation, remote management


Problem statement . Geometric modeling as a kind of mathematical modeling plays an important role in solving modern problems of science and technology. Construction of geometrical models that adequately reflect the properties of the designed materials and products, processes, and etc. significantly reduces the cost of the experimental studies, accelerates the design and implementation of various innovations in production. Building an effective geometric model of the product or process affects the level of technical solutions in the design of new competitive construction elements. Recent widespread use of the fiber-reinforced concrete can significantly enhance building constructions by reducing the cracking of the material during the operation and increasing its resistance to shock loads, as well as stretching and bending. However, experience shows that in practice today it is difficult to obtain uniform fiber reinforced concrete. The reason for this is the use of traditional technological methods for making such a complex material such as fiber concrete. The use of traditional mixing equipment for concrete and mortar does not provide a highly uniform fiber reinforced material. Purpose. Development of technological schemes of preparation of fiber reinforced concrete (using geometric modeling for formation of various pieces of equipment) on the basis of the developed model of mixing fiber-containing building materials. Conclusion. Tests have shown that the application of the developed equipment can significantly improve quality of preparation and packing fiber concrete mass. Using a mixer designed with a flexible body with gutters of variable profile ensures high uniformity of dispersion-reinforced blends with the spread of the strength of up to 3 percent. Due to the high quality of mixing time of mixing is reduced, and this, in turn, reduces the cost of hardware maintenance and power. Our proposed mobile technological methods of production can significantly extend the scope of fiber reinforced fine-grained concrete (and provide high quality composite).


On June 4, 1996 an unmanned Ariane 5 rocket launched by the European Space Agency exploded forty seconds after its takeoff from Kourou, French Guiana. This marked the rocket's inaugural voyage after a period of development spanning 10 years and costing in excess of $7 billion. In the weeks following the explosion it was determined that the cause of the failure was a software bug. A 64 bit floating point number representing the horizontal velocity of the rocket was converted to a 16 bit signed integer. Since the resulting number was greater than 32,767 (the largest integer storable in a 16 bit signed integer), the conversion failed. The history of software engineering is littered with examples of programming errors. Despite years of expensive research into the failures of software systems, today's software is notorious for being buggy, unreliable, and incapable of exploiting the full power of our hardware. It has been demonstrated that type systems can reduce at compile time (i.e., statically) the frequency and severity of many programming errors. Statically type-checked programs perform more efficiently than their dynamically type-checked counterparts. Moreover, the use of types to direct the compilation process can further improve performance. The purpose of program analysis is to ensure that a software system behaves correctly with respect to some specification. Many type-based program analyses have worked best as a form of whole-program analysis. This means that a change to one part of the software system requires reanalyzing all parts. Today's software systems are huge and necessarily modular (i.e., they are built up from smaller components). Source code is split into different modules and saved to many files that are updated at different times. Since most of the common program analysis techniques are not linear in complexity, requiring the reanalysis of a large program due to a single line change is extremely costly [5]. In such an environment, whole-program analysis is simply unmanageable. A modular approach is necessary.


J. D. PAL,1 V. M. BERTHOUD,2 E. C. BEYER,2 D. MACKAY,3 A. SHIELS,3 AND L. EBIHARA1 1Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Finch University of Health Sciences/The Chicago Medical School, North Chicago 60064; 2Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637; and 3Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Ophthalmology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110


Genta is one of the ceremonial equipment that is very sanctified for Hindus, especially Hindus in Bali. For the Balinese Hindu Society, the sound of genta is believed to be able to deliver the prayer of worship before God. Frequency is one of the important features of sound. In this study a sound frequency analysis was performed on sound of genta, and aimed to determine the characteristics of sound based on the sound frequency feature. FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) is used to determine the frequency component of genta's sound. The frequency of sound consists of the basic frequency (f0) and the porminent frequency (f1, f2, f3). In this study used two types of genta, ordinary genta and Uter genta. The results showed average values for the basic frequency (fo), respectively for regular Genta and uter genta were 750 Hz and 510 Hz.


Jeremy Holmes, in a recent book review in this journal, wrote that 'It is now nearly 50 years since the action–research sociologist Erving Goffman turned his insider-view daily notes into a devastating critique of the realities of mental hospital life. Back then, sociologists and psychotherapists were natural allies rallying to the flag of community psychiatry, united in opposition to the hegemonic medical model'. Now, however, according to Holmes 'all has changed. Neuropsychiatry rules; Asylums (1961) lies unread; the few remaining sociologists are in search of new targets for radical assault'. Whether or not neuropsychiatry rules is one thing, but Asylums has been in print continuously since 1961 – hardly the marker of a unread text. Whether it is read by psychiatrists or not is another question. As a psychiatric trainee, I encountered it mainly via those bald summaries learnt off for exams, in a potted version that went something like this: Goffman went undercover in a large state asylum and in so doing invented institutionalisation and such concepts as 'the funnel of betrayal', 'total institutions' and the like. It was another work lumped in the general category of antipsychiatry, linking Goffman with Laing and Szasz and Foucault and sundry others – a useful reference for the old MRCPsych part II essay paper, and even a signpost on the progression from wicked old asylum psychiatry to the sunlit uplands of biopsychosocial, community-based mental health practice.


Two depressed subjects from the treatment group of a study reported elsewhere are described. The rationale for a comprehensive, behaviorally-oriented treatment approach to depression is discussed. Background information, details of the treatment program, and response to treatment are presented for the two representative subjects, one who improved and one who did not. Differential responses to treatment by the two subjects are discussed. Length of treatment, therapist's competence at implementing the treatment program and maintenance, and generalization issues are considered.


Namibia's first ever cosmetics contact manufacturing company just celebrated its first birthday. Kiyomi Sandz, the brainchild of Sandra Mwiihangele, was launched on 17 April 2015 when she decided to pursue her passion for cosmetics. Subsequent to her successful application for a grant from the Namibian National Commission on Research Science and Technology, Mwiihangele made the move to not only produce her own range but to also assist others in formulating and manufacturing their products.


To evaluate the impact of various regimens of antihypertensive treatment on blood pressure and target organs in nonadherent hypertensive patients.


Higher education in India has witnessed a steady growth in the last t1rn decades. The size and composition of higher education institutions and their trend over the years has been achiel'ed by planned allocations on education and its various sectors under Fire Yea r Plans. However, shortage of skilled manpower in several sectors of economy continues to exist in spite of growing population of voung people, gains in school education, tlze growing middle class and their rising aspirations. This shortage of skilled manpower is a cause for concern in most sectors in India. The article observes that the present higher education system in India is not equipped to address this problem without some changes in the basic structure and a strict reRtilatory mechanism to ensure that as much emphasis is placed on access as on quality and standards. There is a stro11g need to place stringent emry barriers for aspiring education pro"iders.


It is a well-known fact that the Dead Sea located in Jordan, Israel is one of the saltiest lakes in the world, whose salinity is approximately 30%. Such a huge salinity makes it almost biologically lifeless. However this lake contains large quantities of different minerals and some quantity of dissolved organic matter. Minerals of the Dead Sea are important for medicinal and cosmetics purposes. Unfortunately, the Dead Sea is slowly drying up and soon it will no longer be around in years to come. We can help preserve the Dead Sea and it's important that we use its wealth more rationally to prevent or delay its death. Thus it is imperative that we find answers to the following questions: Which minerals are exactly dispersed within the water? What are the minerals concentration and their vertical and horizontal space distribution? We must find if this solution is unique and stable?


We provide a brief description of a leadership-oriented short-term (nine days) study abroad program offered in May 2012. The program centered in Rome, Italy, combined classroom curricula with field experiences in the city as well as in Bologna and Florence. Initial quantitative and qualitative assessment suggested the program helped student development both in their leadership practices as well as their personal development.


Stichopus japonicus can produce an autolysis enzyme with the strongly ability of autolysis.The changes of the moisture state during the process of autolysis in stichopus japonicus were studied by the LF-NMR and drying method in the paper.The results showed that the stichopus japonicus without seawater could be autolyzed and presented water-shaped.The moisture content of it increased from 90.60% to 94.60% during autolysis process.The results of LF-NMR indicated that there were three kinds of different liquidity water including combined water( T21,0ms T21 15ms),uneasy free water( T22,16ms T22 160ms) and free water( T23,300ms T23 620ms).The T23of sea cucumber in the process of autolysis increased from 92.60% to 99.14% due to the evaporation of water,subsequently slowly decreased to 95.38%.The T21dwindled from the beginning of the peak ratio of 0.12% to 0.01%while the T22presented wave-shaped and irregular during the whole autolysis process.


When searching for an object, do we minimize the number of eye movements we need to make? Under most circumstances, the cost of saccadic parsimony likely outweighs the bene fi t, given the cost is exten-sive computation and the bene fi t is a few hundred milliseconds of time saved. Previous research has measured the proportion of eye movements directed to locations where the target would have been visi- ble in the periphery as a way of quantifying the proportion of super fl uous fi xations. A surprisingly large range of individual differences has emerged from these studies, suggesting some people are highly ef fi cient and others much less so. Our question in the current study is whether these individual differences can be explained by differences in motivation. In two experiments, we demonstrate that neither time pressure nor fi nancial incentive led to improvements of visual search strategies; the majority of participants continued to make many super fl uous fi xations in both experiments. The wide range of individual differences in ef fi ciency observed previously was replicated here. We observed small but consistent improvements in strategy over the course of the experiment (regardless of reward or time pressure) sug- gesting practice, not motivation, makes participants more ef fi cient. In this study, neither time pressure nor fi nancial incentive led to improvements in visual search strategies, ruling out motivation as the explanation for the large individual differences in search ef fi ciency seen in previous studies. Small but consistent improvements in strategy over time suggest experience, rather than differences in motivation, could help explain why some participants are more ef fi cient than others.