Background
There is a lack of clear benefit and a potential risk of bleeding with direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) use in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and dialysis patients with atrial fibrillation. The objective of this study was to evaluate how treatment with DOACs affects stroke and bleeding outcomes compared with warfarin or aspirin.

Methods
We conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials, cohort studies and case series, and searched electronic databases from 1946 to 2017. Studies evaluating stroke and bleeding outcomes with DOAC use in CKD and dialysis patients were included.

Results
From 8008 studies, 10 met the inclusion criteria. For moderate CKD patients (estimated glomerular filtration rate  <60 mL/min/1.73 m2), there was no difference in stroke outcomes between dabigatran 110 mg [hazard ratio (HR) 0.78, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.51-1.21], rivaroxaban (HR 0.82-0.84, 95% CI 0.25-2.69) and edoxaban (HR 0.87, 95% CI 0.65-1.18) versus warfarin. Dabigatran (150 mg twice daily) and apixaban reduced risk of stroke or systemic embolism significantly more than warfarin for moderate CKD patients (HR 0.55, 95% CI 0.34-0.89 and HR 0.61, 95% CI 0.39-0.94, respectively). Edoxaban and apixaban were associated with reduced major bleeding events (HR 0.50-0.76) compared with warfarin. Rivaroxaban and dabigatran 110 mg and 150 mg showed no significant difference in major bleeding versus warfarin. In hemodialysis (HD) patients, there was no difference in stroke outcomes between apixaban, dabigatran [relative risk (RR) 1.71, 95% CI 0.97-2.99] or rivaroxaban (RR 1.8, 95% CI 0.89-3.64) versus warfarin. In HD patients, rivaroxaban and dabigatran were associated with an increased major bleeding risk (RR 1.45-1.76), whereas there was no major bleeding difference with apixaban compared to warfarin.

Limitations
The heterogeneity of major bleeding and stroke definitions of the 10 included studies.

Conclusions
Clinicians should continue to weigh the risk of stroke versus bleeding before prescribing DOACs in the CKD and dialysis population.


The wireless data transmission system based on wireless receives and send chip CC1000 and ATMEGA128 produced by the ATMEL company have much main characteristics such as low cost、low consume、easy installment and high dependence etc. Because its frequency obeys the request of SRD, we can not apply its frequency and use freedom. So it is the ideal choices of the wireless communication system that requests low consume and cost


The core of the social security basic theory is political justice.The essence of political justice is the distribution of the major systems of the society to citizen's basic rights and obligations.The political justice includes three justice principles: the right justice principle is a legal basis that citizen obtains the right to social security;the system justice principle requires that a country safeguards the demand of the citizen for social welfare with the system;the distributive justice principle indicates the social distribution systems develops in the contradiction of the fair and the efficiency.


Hot water extract (HWE) of Pinus radiata bark was separated into monomeric polyphenol (MPP), oligomeric proanthocyanidin (OPA), and polymeric proanthocyanidin (PPA) fractions by monitored chromatography using a Sephadex LH 20 column and an UV detector at 250 nm. The effects of these fractions on NIH/3T3 fi broblasts and B16 melanoma cells were examined by evaluating cell viability, melanogenesis (melanin content), morphological changes, and tyrosinase inhibitory activity. The polyphenolic fractions had a proliferation effect on fi broblasts, with cell growth increasing signifi cantly (P < 0.01) even at the high concentration of 1250 μg/ml. At 125 μg/ml, HWE, MPP, and OPA had no effect on melanogenesis, whereas PPA signifi cantly upregulated melanogenesis (P < 0.05). Melanogenesis was signifi cantly upregulated in melanoma cells treated with these fractions at the high concentration of 600 μg/ml (P < 0.01). B16 melanoma cells cultured with the proanthocyanidin (PA)-rich fractions (HWE, OPA, and PPA) showed marked dendrite retraction, leading to signifi cant morphological transformation. OPA in particular showed colored adhesion on the surface of melanoma cells. All four fractions signifi cantly inhibited mushroom tyrosinase activity when compared to arbutin and ascorbic acid 2-glucoside (P < 0.05). The tyrosinase inhibitory activity of OPA and PPA did not differ signifi cantly (P = 0.11), indicating that the inhibitory effects had a low correlation with molecular weight distribution. The inhibition kinetics of PPA determined using a Lineweaver–Burk plot indicated that PPA is C.S. Ku Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea S.P. Mun (*) Department of Wood Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea Tel. +82-63-270-2624; Fax +82-63-270-2631 e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com a noncompetitive inhibitor of l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine oxidation by mushroom tyrosinase.


This chapter discusses Aristotle's theory of natural teleology, especially as it features in his natural philosophy and biology. After a brief examination of Aristotle's famous exhortation to his students about the value of studying sublunary living beings, the chapter offers a concise characterization of his conception of natural teleology in terms of the goal-directed ("crafting") actions of immanent, internal natures, a discussion of Aristotle's most explicit defense of teleology in the Physics, and an overview of the role teleology plays in his accounts of animal generation and sexual reproduction and in his explanations of why animals have the parts and features they have.


Many domains of interest to the workflow community are characterized by ever-changing requirements and dynamic environments. Workflow systems must increase in sophistication to provide the reactivity and flexibility necessary to support their operational requirements for process management. Within the AI community, work on reactive control has lead to the exploration of techniques for intelligent process management to meet the requirements of adpativity for dynamic and unpredictable environments. Although motivated by somewhat different concerns and grounded in different perspectives, there is much overlap between the objectives and requirements of these two communities.


The purpose of this article is to analyze the impact of urban requalification on municipal governance, taking as a starting point the Mozambican reality. The central argument is that the urban requalification had a positive impact on the municipal governance process and contributed to local development. Thus, the question that guides this article is what is the impact of urban requalification on municipal governance in Chamanculo "D" neighborhood? Therefore, this article concludes that requalification is one of the means by which the municipality of Maputo has served in its governance process to inculcate local development.


In order to study the temperature change rule of coal gas desorption process,the special gas adsorption cylinder containing germanium single crystal was designed and manufactured,and the experimental system for measuring the coal temperature fields in coal gas desorption was developed. With infrared thermal imager,the temperature variation in the process of coal gas desorption under different pressure was analyzed. The infrared video signal got by the experiment was processed with SAT. Then the infrared radiation signal was disposed by EMD with Hilbert-Huang and the infrared radiation noise was effectively removed. The research result showed that the desorption process,with the change of the temperature,was an endothermic process. The coal absorbed heat when the gas was desorpted and it made the temperature drop. The coal body temperature drop range had obvious corresponding relation with coal sample water content. The higher the coal sample water content,the smaller of the temperature drop was.The temperature variation curves in the prosess of coal gas desorption under different water content were fitted,it met the exponential function. The research result laid theory and experimental foundation for face coal and gas outburst non-contact prediction with infrared thermal image technology.


w w w . i j e c t . o r g Abstract In this paper, we have analyzed the performance and feasibility for RAMAN/EDFA Hybrid Optical Amplifier operating at the bit rate of 10 Gb/s for 96 channels. In the network, the data is successfully transmitted to a distance of 290 km with a very low BER of 1×10−40 thus improving the performance over DS_Anomolous fiber. This paper also presents the comparative investigation and suitability of various data formats like NRZ Rectangular, NRZ Raised cosine, RZ Rectangular and RZ Raised cosine for optical transmission link. It has been shown that RZ Raised cosine yields the highest value of Q, good eye opening and lowest BER.


The layer structures of the cell walls and the sizes of fibrils about the cross section of kapok fibers were observed by Transmission Electronic Microscope(TEM), and the expansion features of the kapok fibers dealed with alkali have also been analyzed. The walls of kapok fibers consist of cuticle (S), primary wall (W_1), secondary wall (W_2) tertiary wall (W_3) and inner wall (IS). Every layer has different thickness, packing density and the different arrangements of the fibrils. The size of visible elementary structural units is 3.2 nm thick which is close to the scale of the elementary fibrils of cotton fiber. The swollen rate of the kapok fiber treated with alkali is individual differences and the different walls in the same cross section are also expanded to different extent. W_2 is the most easily swollen part and is most weak resistant to alkali. The fibrils in the inner wall are easily departed from the body.


This work joins a growing number of "country at war" titles from the same publisher, including China, Germany, Japan, and Mexico. Dowling, professor of history at Virginia Military Institute and published military history author, has assembled a large international group of authoritative contributors. The encyclopedia "fulfills two important functions: it explicitly serves as a reference for the Russian and Soviet martial past, and it implicitly serves as entrA©e to a non-English-speaking military culture" (xxxvii).


Recent evidence shows that apolipoprotein (apo) B, apoB/apoA-I ratio and lipoprotein(a) are better indicators of coronary risk than the conventional lipid profile. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation of apoA-I and B, and lipoprotein(a) with myocardial infarction (MI). We performed a cross-sectional study including 208 patients (100 men and 108 women), with and without previous MI evaluated by coronary angiography. The severity of coronary heart disease was scored on the basis of the number and extent of lesions in the coronary arteries. Lipid levels were measured by the enzymatic method and apolipoprotein levels were measured by the immunoturbidimetric method. The MI group had higher plasmatic levels of lipoprotein(a) (0.37±0.28 vs. 0.29±0.23 g/L, p<0.05), apoB (1.13±0.40 vs. 0.84±0.28 g/L, p<0.05) and of the apoB/apoA-I ratio (0.77±0.37 vs. 0.68±0.20, p<0.05) compared to controls. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves (AUC) suggested a good reliability in the diagnose of coronary heart disease for the apoB/apoA-I ratio (0.756, p<0.05), apoB (0.664, p<0.05), lipoprotein(a) (0.652, p<0.05) and total cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol (0.688, p<0.05). Multivariate analysis performed with adjustments for cardiovascular risk factors, showed that the levels of lipoprotein(a), apoB and apoB/apoA-I ratio are significant independent cardiovascular risk factors. Our results indicate that there is an important relationship among high plasma apoB concentration, lipoprotein(a) concentration, the apoB/apoA-I ratio, and MI. We showed that the apoB/apoA-I ratio has a stronger correlation with MI than the total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio. We therefore suggest using apoB/apoA-I ratio and lipoprotein(a) in clinical practice as a markers of MI risk.


found to be 150 mg./100 ml. Fluids were immediately restricted by mouth and penicillin was started. No pitting oedema was observed at any time. Daily blood-pressure readings never rose above 150/90. At no time was there clinical evidence of hepatic involvement. The blood count remained normal throughout. The blood urea rose to 245 mg./100 ml. on December 27 and thereafter fell, until by January 7, 1957, it was normal. (Urea concentration test was also normal on January 7.)


A wireless control system's design for the welding robot was described in this paper.The system used stepper motor driver for the microprocessor,with the upper machine and nRF905 transceiver module.The features and procedures of the system hardware and software were analyzed and the design of the robot welding gun's wireless control system was realized.The results of the experiment show that the control scheme is feasible,which enables the welding gun of the robot to complete the desired actions.


ABSTRACT In ultrasonic non-destructive evaluation of highly scattering materials, detection of flaw echoes is difficult due to the masking effects of the structural noise. This paper presents a method for the reduction of the structural noise on highly scattering materials. The method consists of a multi-resolution analysis using wavelets and a time-frequency thresholding applied to the approximation coefficients. This threshold is estimated by considering the mean and the standard deviation of the time-frequency energy representation. This method exploits spectral properties of the structural noise and the incoming flaw signal, resulting in a processed signal that maintains the defect pulse shape. In order to validate this strategy, synthetic and experimental signals have been evaluated. The performance of this method is compared with known selection rules as Minimax and Universal threshold.


Objective. To determine prevalence of pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) symptoms in women six years after primary pelvic organ prolapse (POP) surgery and analyze predictive factors for these symptoms. Design. Cross‐sectional observational study. Setting. Three Swedish hospitals. Sample. Women who underwent primary POP surgery in 1993 and had no subsequent POP surgery during the following six years. Methods. Clinical data from patient records and a postal questionnaire concerning symptoms of PFD completed in 1999. Main outcome measures. Prevalence of PFD symptoms, predictive factors. Results. Urinary incontinence episodes ≥weekly were reported by 41%, feeling of vaginal bulging by 18% and solid stool incontinence by 15%. Thirty nine percent were sexually active; 15% refrained completely from sexual activity because of own discomfort or pain and 46% had no sexual activity due to lack of or sick partner. Discomfort or pain during sexual activity was experienced by 42%. Previous incontinence surgery and urinary incontinence prior to POP surgery were predictive factors for urinary incontinence. Anterior repair was protective for the postoperative symptoms of incomplete bladder and bowel emptying and vaginal bulging. Posterior repair was a risk factor for incomplete bowel emptying and solid stool incontinence. The association between posterior repair and discomfort or pain during sexual activity was not significant. Conclusion. The prevalence of PFD symptoms six years after primary POP surgery seemed high. The extent of POP surgery was predictive for postoperative symptoms of urinary and bowel dysfunction but not for discomfort or pain during sexual activity.


Editorial for "Association of Left Atrial Hemodynamics by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance With Long Term Outcomes in Patients With Cardiac Amyloidosis" Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) is an infiltrative cardiomyopathy caused by an accumulation of insoluble fibrillar amyloid proteins within the myocardial interstitium resulting in diastolic dysfunction, which can progress to restrictive cardiomyopathy. The aggregation and deposition of amyloid fibrils can occur via numerous pathways, thereby giving rise to a variety of amyloidosis subtypes. The misfolding of monoclonal immunoglobulin light chains due to an abnormal clonal proliferation of plasma cells eventuates the development of lightchain amyloidosis (AL). In contrast, hereditary or wild-type misfoldings in the protein transthyretin (TTR) result in the development of transthyretin-related amyloidosis (ATTR). Amyloid fibrils may become localized to one tissue with age. However, fibril protein precursors can also be expressed at one site of origin and deposit as amyloid fibrils in distant and different organs via the bloodstream, such is the case with systemic amyloidosis. Within the context of systemic amyloidosis, cardiac involvement is far from uncommon, and is a major determinant of treatment as well as prognosis. Clinical suspicion of CA can be confirmed through myocardial biopsy to detect the presence of amyloid fibrils within the heart tissue. However, this method has been regarded as both invasive and inadequately sensitive to the presence of amyloid deposits. Thus, in practice, the diagnosis of CA is usually made by echocardiography, supported by a diagnostic noncardiac biopsy, scintigraphy using radiolabeled serum amyloid P component (SAP), and/or analysis of amyloidosisassociated serum biomarkers such as NT-proB-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and cardiac troponin T (cTnT). Nevertheless, these methods are inherently limited in terms of specificity and sensitivity and may thus impede the precision of diagnostic and prognostic conclusions. Serum biomarkers are nonspecific to amyloidosis as their levels can change in response to the presence of particular chemotherapeutic agents or the existence of comorbidities such as renal or liver diseases that cause ventricular distension through promotion of fluid retention in the body. Moreover, while SAP scintigraphy effectively demonstrates the extent and distribution of amyloid deposition within large visceral organs, it cannot reliably image amyloid in hollow structures such as the heart. Lastly, echocardiography has historically facilitated the identification of CA, although findings are typically nonspecific and present late in the progression of the disease. However, the most recent echocardiography CA study by Cohen et al demonstrates that longitudinal strain is an independent predictor of survival and therapeutic response. The implementation of cardiac MRI with its unique features and advanced mapping T1/T2-weighted sequences has enhanced both specificity and sensitivity in the detection of CA. These methods, however, did not provide information on strain parameters that reflect the degree of myocardial deformation, as well as the burden of amyloid deposits, and may be of significance prognostically. In this issue of JMRI, Arora et al aimed to investigate the association of left atrium (LA) function and strain parameters with long-term clinical outcome in CA patients. The study utilized cardiac MRI feature tracking (MRI-FT) in order to compare LA hemodynamic and strain parameters between control and CA-affected patients. MRI-FT is a relatively quick postprocessing technique that is used to assess myocardial mechanics such as global and regional myocardial function. In comparison to echocardiography, cardiac MRI provides a superior spatial resolution and can hence yield reproducible measures of both longitudinal and radial systolic function. Additionally, cardiac MRI can uncover early evidence of CA including global LV and RV thickening. Based on the patterns of ventricular thickening, it is even possible in some cases to deduce the type of amyloidosis. Cardiac MRI can also be used to investigate pericardial/pleural effusions, strain patterns, and mitral and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (MAPSE and TAPSE, respectively), which may be associated with adverse outcomes in the context of CA. Arora et al study shows a significant association between the composite outcome of death or hospitalization due to heart failure and indexed minimum left atrial volume as well as contractile strain. As there exists a strong association


Introduction With respect to the present pandemic, ecology is the key to understanding both the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the control of COVID-19 disease. Emergence and control are linked, the context in which the virus emerged providing a framework for addressing the pandemic. Ecological thinking prioritizes the complex relationships that exist between organisms and their environments, situating these within interdependent, integrated systems (McMichael 2001). Humans are inherently situated within their ecological contexts, with profound implications for health and the mitigation and management of risk (Rayner and Lang 2012). This paper examines how the complex ecological origins of SARS-CoV-2 underscore the importance of more holistic approaches to the containment of epidemics and pandemics more broadly. The increasing interconnectedness of human worlds with non-human ones and the complex interplay between them provides fertile ground for new and emerging infectious disease outbreaks among humans. Thus, emerging infectious disease and its control poses one of the most critical and pressing challenges to public health in the 21st century. 'Ecological public health' (ibid.) is underscored here as a framework for seeing the connections between diverse ecologies in a way that can promote improved outbreak prevention and containment strategies. Given the complex social and political contexts in which the spread and control of infectious disease are played out, we argue that ecological thinking needs to go beyond public health when considering epidemics and pandemics in the future.


In this study we present evolving wormhole configurations in third-order {Lovelock} gravity and investigate the possibility that these solutions satisfy the energy conditions. Using a generalized Friedmann-Robertson-Walker spacetime, we derive evolving wormhole geometries by considering a constraint on the Ricci scalar. In standard cosmological models, the Ricci scalar is independent of the radial coordinate $r$ and is only a function of time. We use this property to introduce dynamic wormhole solutions expanding in an inflationary cosmological background and explore the effects of higher-order {Lovelock} terms on the dynamics of such wormholes. Our analysis shows that for suitable third-order {Lovelock} coefficients, there are wormhole solutions that respect the weak energy condition {(WEC)}. In addition to this, we also present other wormhole solutions that satisfy the WEC throughout their respective evolution.


The present study was undertaken to examine the relationship between time required for each step in the treatment process for pedodontic patients. and age of the patients, and experience of special training for pedodontics and career of dental practitioners. Information of these matters was gained from 580 questionnaires collected from 69 practitioners (62 male and 7 female). The questionnaires included questions about the patients' sex(303 male and 207 female) and age. The patients were categorized into 5 different age groups : Group 1, age -year ; Group 2, -year ; Group 3, -year ; Group 4, -year ; Group 5, -year. The questions about the dental practitioners were the years of experience in private dental practice(5 years or more than 5 years) and whether or not they took the special training for pedodontics in the authorized institutes. The practitioners were asked to answer the questions about Frankl scale of the patients' behavior during the treatment, and time spent for managing the patients to be subjected to local anesthetic injection (the first behavior control), time for the injection, and time for the subsequent treatment. The results obtained by analyzing the information collected from the questionnaires were as follows : 1. The younger the patients, the lower the Frankl scale was counted at the time of the first behavior control, injection, and the subsequent treatment(p


Compact machine for making cheese, other milk-derivatives and tofu comprising a shell (1) in which an impermeable basin (3) is inserted, a collecting container (2) in which a permeable basket (6) is inserted for collecting the product and a support structure comprising a lower base member (10) having two side arms (8). The machine comprises, furthermore, a motor (7) integral to the shell (1) for operating a stirring member (5), and heating means (4) adapted to heat to various temperature the content of the basin (3). The basin (3) and the permeable basket (6) are open and coupled with respectto each other, in a releasable way, one against the another. The coupled basin (3) and the permeable basket (6) are adapted to be integrally rotated, in order to be moved alternatively between a first position (A), where the basin (3) is down and the basket (6) is up, and a second position, where the basket (6) is down and the basin (3) is up. The cheese can be extracted from the basket (6) aftera plurality of preparation steps.


All matter is in motion, and such behavior has been well studied in the gas and liquid states. However, the study of solid-state molecular motion is still in its infancy, mainly, because of the abs...


We set ourselves the task of selecting a nutrient medium for serum-vaccine production, as well as for studying the biological properties of leptospira, on which leptospira would grow in a short time (2-3 days) and in sufficient quantity.


This article aims at assessing the influence of women in the board of directors (BOD) on risk management in Vietnamese firms. The study touches upon a sample of 284 companies listed on the HOSE (Ho Chi Minh City Stock Exchange Vietnam) in the period of 2008-2014. Their data was regressed by the random effects model (REM) and the fixed effects model (FEM). To find out which method is the most appropriate, we used the Hausman test. The study clarifies women's role in society and the optimal ratio of women in the BOD to minimise risks at enterprises. The authors give recommendations to corporate managers regarding proper employment policies, in which the role of women is better recognised. The most valuable result of the presented research is a grounded finding of an optimal female ratio in the BOD recommended for the Vietnamese enterprises. In order to achieve a positive impact of women on the risks reduction at the enterprise, the suggested female ratio in the BOD should be 34.96%, which will help to keep the lowest risk exposure. Hence, it could be recommended to raise a number of women in the BODs to approximately 1/3 of the total amount of members. Business owners may take this into account when planning human resource policies to maximise business performance.


The Centiloid (CL) was proposed to harmonise the quantification of Amyloid PET images across tracers, scanners, and processing pipelines. However, several groups have reported differences across tracers and scanners. In this study, we aim to evaluate the impact of different pre/post‐processing harmonisation steps on the consistency of longitudinal data across multiple large studies.


Objective To study the relationship of transforming growth factor β1(TGF-β1),hyaluronic acid(HA),laminin(LN),type Ⅳ collagen(CIV),type Ⅲ precollagen(PⅢP),HBV-DNA,alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and hepatic fibrosis stage and hepatic grade in patients with chronic hepatitis B.Methods Serum levels of TGF-β1,HA,LN,CIV,PⅢP,HBV-DNA and ALT were measured in 80 patients with liver diseases,and needle biopsy of liver was performed in 30 patients with chronic hepatitis B,and so was hepatic fibrosis stage and hepatic grade.The relationship among them was analyzed.Results Serum level of TGF-β1 was elevated along with the degree of hepatic fibrosis,and there were significant differences among various stages(P0.05),but the differences weren't significant among various grades(P0.05).There weren't significant differences of HBV-DNA and ALT among various stages and various grades(P0.05).Serum level of TGF-β1 was positively correlative to variation of HA,LN,CIV and PⅢP(P0.05).Conclusion Serum level of TGF-β1 is closely associated with the degree of hepatic fibrosis in patients with hepatitis B,which is not influenced by hepatic grade,helpful for early diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis.


A nanoworm BiVO 4 photoanode was successfully synthesized by sol-gel drop-casting for the determination of ascorbic acid. The structure and surface morphology of the obtained samples were characterized, and their photoelectrochemical properties and sensing performance towards ascorbic acid were investigated. The precursor solids were also investigated, and the results proved that cyanuric chloride, which was bound with other precursors, generated the nanoworm morphology. The nanoworm BiVO 4 photoanode enhanced the photocurrent density and exhibited a sensitivity of 68.9 μA mM -1 cm -2 towards ascorbic acid with high selectivity under visible light illumination.


This note discusses the computation and use of a direction of negative curvature in the regularized sequential quadratic programming primal-dual augmented Lagrangian method (pdSQP) of Gill and Robinson [7], [8] for the purpose of ensuring convergence towards second-order optimal points. Section 2 discusses how to compute a direction of negative curvature using appropriate matrix factorizations. Section 3 discusses the specific relevant changes to the algorithm. Section 4 discusses the changes in the convergence results established by Gill and Robinson [8], showing that the desired convergence results continue to hold. Section 5 discusses global convergence to points satisfying the second-order necessary optimality conditions.


The main subject of our research is all that is in our minds its concrete expression as objective forms of being, designated by the concept "matter", and on a range of factors of collation: curvature, polarity, tonality, length, height, width, frequency-order – by concept "form". Our goal - to find out why and how unstablemortal world, where "everything flows and everything changes", stores information about these forms of being our knowledge of them. Researching the subject of our interest by dialectical method of reasoning, we concluded that the information about the forms of being saved by our knowledge because the elements of the molecular structures of our tissue cells - keepers of information of its existence reasons, as well as our tissue cells interspersed in generations, similar repeating the ontogeny of their predecessors, which preserves the structure of our brain tissue and preserving our knowledge. Following the intended purpose, we find that the principle of formation of matter forms in the causal stages of movement is one, whereas the quantitative and qualitative differences between the forms of becoming being are inexhaustible. Forms and patterns of life are mixed, some of which are centralized by unity (nucleus), others - no. Centralized structure (photon, atom, solar system, human tissue cell, man) except complex of collation factors differ from decentralized (non-nuclear) structures (stone, metal, clay, etc.) that interspersed in generations, reproducing his likeness. About why the centralized by unity keepers of information of its existence reasons generated and generate their likeness, and what saves information about the forms of being of our knowledge, and will be discussed in this article.


With a population of over a billion, India is facing the challenges of overpopulation is making the country prone to natural disasters. focus of this chapter is the Indian Tsunami which occurred on 26th December 2004 in the Cuddalore district of State of Tamil Nadu and caused massive loss of life and devastation of property. From this case study it is evident that the first priority for India is to control its population growth so that the environment is protected from the adverse effects of overexploitation. Next is to establish a warning system which covers both its coasts on the east and west side and can readily alert the inhabitants with regard to a potential tsunami. Community based tsunami education, proper consideration to local culture during recovery and resettlement of communities, addressing basic issue of earthquake safety in buildings and establishment of a buffer zone on coast, all these measures would help in minimizing the impact of tsunami waves.


ABSTRACT The knowledge of fish fauna in the Caatinga rivers is often limited to the large river basins and their associated aquatic species, with only a few contributions dedicated to adjacent sub-basins. In the present investigation the Rio Jacuípe, the northernmost tributary of the Rio Paraguaçu in Chapada Diamantina, is evaluated regarding the taxonomic diversity, frequency, and constancy of occurrence, of the species distribution in the various segments. Rio Jacuípe flows parallel to Rio Paraguaçu with headwaters in Morro do Chapéu, at the Chapada Diamantina domain, and an artificial mouth in the Pedra do Cavalo dam. With mouth downstream from the metropolitan area of Feira de Santana municipality, the sub-basin has peculiar characteristics distinctive from the main river. The fish fauna of the Jacuípe is for the first time investigated in detail regarding the spatial distribution of aquatic communities. The patterns of fish distribution in the Rio Jacuípe indicate regional endemism although gaps in knowledge of species diversity are identified, especially in middle and lower stretches. The use and occupation of the soil and the alternatives for revitalizing the aquatic environments in the Jacuípe valley are presented and discussed. Our results contribute to the evaluation of public policies on conservation.


Radio frequency identification (RFID) has been invented for decades and it has a wide scope of applications. Especially, with the rapidly development of Internet of Things (IoT) in recent years, RFID technology has been attracted more and more attentions. It has become a core technology to replace the barcode in the field of contactless logistics. The IEEE International Conference on RFID Technology and Application (RFID-TA) is a flagship conference in the area of RFID, which provides the platform to share the research and experience in the wide aspects of RFID technology and applications.


Xenon enhanced CT (XelCT) is a clinically applicable practical method to perform the quantitative measurement of the cerebral blood flow (CBF). However, as it provide only the blood flow image and not metabolic parameter, we have to know how much information we can obtain from blood flow measurement alone. I and our clinical research group have been using both the Xe/CT CBF and the positron emission tomography (PET). It is our principle that the initial evaluation for screening is performed using Xe/CT CBF and the selected patients who need a radical treatment is further evaluated with PET. Reviewing the data of many patients with cerebrovascular disease and with glioma who have been examined both with Xe/CT and PET, I will present how much clinical information we can obtain from CBF measurement alone in these disease conditions from the point of neurosurgeon. The Xe/CBF measurement was performed using X-ray CT unit at Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Medical & Dental University Tokyo, Japan, under management by Dr. Ryuta Suzuki, M.D. and myself. PET measurements was performed at Positron Medical Center, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan, under management by Dr. Michio Senda, M.D.


In mobile communications, mobility modeling is involved in several aspects related to signaling and traffic load analysis. In particular, the accuracy of mobility models becomes essential for the evaluation of system design alternatives and network implementation cost issues. In this paper, we propose a new mobility model, which is appropriate for the analysis of the full range of mobile communications design issues. This model provides different levels of details of the user mobility behavior and can be adapted on any environment topology. This model is based on the direction of user movements that are modeled by discrete time, discrete state Gauss-Markov model and also, is based on the user velocity that is modeled as a variable mean and variance Gaussian process.


This paper presents a comparison between a standard FPGA-based controller and a full FPGA-based controller for electrical systems. The first controller uses a standard low cost FPGA such as Xilinx Spartan and the second one uses an Actel Fusion FPGA which integrates all the peripherals required for these kinds of applications. The purpose here, is to analyze in details the potential benefits offered by this last solution compared to the first one. To this purpose, a current control algorithm for AC drives has been implemented on both targets. This comparison concerns the design methodology (evaluation of the reusability of designs), the time/area performances and also the quality of the system control.


The crystals of ammonium paratungstate were thermally decomposed in both air and vacuum, and the process of thermal decomposition of this salt and the formation of tungsten trioxide particles were studied by means of following measurements, (i) weight (ii) determination of the evolved ammonia gas, (iii) the differential thermal analysis, (iv) the X-ray analysis, (v) the surface area measurement and also (vi) the observation by electron microscope.The result obtained are as follows;(1) The dehydration of the crystal takes place completely below 250°C. The evolution of ammonia occurs in several stages extending to 420°C.(2) The a-tungsten trioxide are obtained at the temperatures above 420°C by the decomposipion in air. The particle of a-tungsten trioxide consists of small unit particles which are linked with each other, forming an aggregate whose shape are resemble that of the mother salt.(3) When the salts are decomposed in vacuum, 7-tungsten oxide are obtained at the temperature ranging from 400-500°C, and 8-tungsten oxide at the temperature higher than 500°C. The shape of the particle thus obtained was somewhat different from that of a-tungsten obtained in air.Experimental results, and the considerations on the mechanism of decomospition and also the formation of tungsten trioxide are described in detail.


Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) has been continuously benefiting from the advancements in the field of data science. Various types of Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods have been utilized to assess and evaluate civil structures. In AI, Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) algorithms require plenty of datasets to train; particularly, the more data DL models are trained with, the better output it yields. Yet, in SHM applications, collecting data from civil structures through sensors is expensive and obtaining useful data (damage associated data) is challenging. In this paper, one-dimensional (1-D) Wasserstein loss Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Networks using Gradient Penalty (1-D WDCGAN-GP) is utilized to generate damage-associated vibration datasets that are similar to the input. For the purpose of vibration-based damage diagnostics, a 1-D Deep Convolutional Neural Network (1-D DCNN) is built, trained, and tested on both real and generated datasets. The classification results from the 1-D DCNN on both datasets resulted in being very similar to each other. The presented work in this paper shows that, for the cases of insufficient data in DL or ML-based damage diagnostics, 1-D WDCGAN-GP can successfully generate data for the model to be trained on.


The article deals with Asian political metaphors in comparison to the Western traditions of metaphorical conceptualization of political reality. Despite the intercultural isomorphism of metaphorical models, there exists a number of Asian peculiarities. It is argued that while metaphorical masculinization of Other dominates Western political communication, metaphorical feminization of Other prevails in Asian political discourse.


The load applied on the specimen in common dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) is of the order of several Newtons to several tens of Newtons, far lower than that in service life. In this study a dynamic mechanical thermal analyser (EPLEXOR 500, with a total load up to 500 N) was applied to investigate the effects of static load and dynamic load (sine-wave load) on the dynamic viscoelasticity of unidirectional carbon fibre reinforced epoxy resin composites. The effects of the load on the dynamic viscoelasticity of polymer matrix composites (PMCs) are expressed mainly in two ways. On the one hand, the load affects the magnitude of the dynamic viscoelastic parameters. The storage modulus increases with increasing static load and decreases with increasing dynamic load. Such variations are obviously related to the interaction between the two kinds of load. The increase in load, whether static or dynamic, can result in a decline in the loss tangent. On the other hand, there exists a frequency-temperature-load equivalence for a carbon fibre-reinforced polymer's dynamic viscoelasticity. An increase in static load raises the glass-transition temperature and pushes the frequency spectrum curve towards a low frequency, while the effects of dynamic load are the reverse.


The paper presents results of a study of the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) processes of lowcarbon low-alloyed steels with different levels of ageing. It is shown that the limit of macroelasticity and the incubation period of the SCC decrease with the increase of the ageing level. This can be explained as follows: the limit of macroelasticity determines the beginning of microplastic flow in the material, actively affecting the process of stress corrosion cracking. Basing on selected test pattern the dependence of the stress corrosion cracking from the ageing level has a three-stage character. Behavior of the chosen characteristic is explained on the grounds of the theory of defects.


Automated guided vehicles (AGVs) are a highly sophisticated and increasingly popular type of material handling device in flexible manufacturing systems (FMS). The research is based on the result of a previous study presented in Albert and Castagna (1996). There, the study consists of the description of a conflict management method. But managing the conflicts is not enough, it is necessary to reduce the number of conflicts too. Thus the productivity could be increased in the system. In this paper, different dispatching rules solve the problem. The objective is to obtain performance information about the dispatching rules. This paper is in two parts. Part 1 analyzes different dispatching rules and in the second part, we study the performance of these rules by simulation.


The paper describes an adaptive channel allocation, ACA, algorithm designed for an analog cellular system like TACS. The incentive to use more advanced radio resource allocation algorithms can be to eliminate frequency planning, to increase the capacity and improve the quality of the system. Specific to TACS is that measurements only are available in the uplink. Based on these limited measurements the radio resource allocation algorithm has to make decisions which affects both the uplink and the downlink. The ACA algorithm is divided into two parts, a slow ACA and a fast ACA part. The slow ACA part finds a set of channels for each base station based on measurements taken over a long time period, i.e, manual frequency planning is eliminated or at least reduced. The fast ACA part makes the actual channel assignment to the arriving calls using the set of channels provided by the slow ACA part. The performance of the slow and fast ACA are estimated by system simulations. The results indicate that the fast ACA increases the quality in the system which can be used to reduce the cluster size from 21 to 12 and thereby increase the capacity. The simulations also indicate that the slow ACA finds a reasonably good frequency plan. Some capacity is lost due to the fact that only uplink measurements are available.


This paper focuses on the radiation properties of planar Ultra Wideband (UWB) antennas in the vicinity of a dispersive layered tissue model through the range of 0-30 mm above the body model surface. Radiation properties are investigated in terms of the realized maximum gain, total antenna efficiency and radiation patterns (the plots of realized gain) at different antenna-body distances. Two planar UWB antennas are simulated in free space in this study and at multiple distances to the tissue model. Results are analyzed and discussed based on the antenna theory. When the operation distance over the boundary of antenna's reactive field can be used, the performance close to free space can be achieved.


The increasing manifestations of Soviet interest in the United Nations Technical Assistance Program and in the establishment of a Soviet "Point Four" program for the under-developed, non-Communist countries of southeast Asia are of crucial importance to the west. In great measure the ultimate defense of western civilization lies in its ability to guide the surging flow of Asian nationalism into constructive, stable and satisfying channels of economic, social and political reforms. Soviet interest in under-developed areas is not new, but since the death of Stalin, a precipitant and ingenious reversal of tactics has occurred. Nowhere has this interest been more evident than in the Economic and Social Council and in its subsidiary bodies. Though the changed Soviet tactics in no way signify a modification of the long term objectives of Soviet strategy, they do demand a corresponding flexibility and imaginativeness on the part of western diplomacy. By understanding past Soviet behavior, acquiring an accurate knowledge of early postwar Soviet policy toward underdeveloped areas, and investigating the rationale behind that policy, the direction and intensity of present Soviet policy may be better analyzed and viewed in its proper perspective.


Subtitle: Rising fuel prices and regulatory mandates to go "green" are placing new pressures on the ocean carrier industry. Despite these factors, industry analysts say shippers can still benefit with better rates if they negotiate contracts carefully and stay on top of shifting alliances.


Family members are uniquely situated to influence the decision-making of their kin in nearly every facet of life. We examine the importance of social interactions in fertility outcomes by assessing family members' scope of influence on their fellow kin's fertility behavior. With the unique KASS genealogical dataset from eight countries in Europe, we study the effects of family members' fertility outcomes on individual fertility to assess the presence and the extent of inter-generational transmission of fertility behaviors and siblings' influences on fertility outcomes. We find only limited evidence of the inter-generational transmission of fertility behaviors, but a relatively important effect of siblings for individual fertility. Rather than parents, siblings' influences appear to constitute the largest share of familial influences on fertility outcomes. We also find that among siblings, women's fertility is more subject to the influences of their sisters. These findings indicate the relative importance of close kin influences on individual fertility and demonstrate the consequences of family structure for fertility change.


Encapsulating SiC with a carbon layer (C-cap) is a widely used technique to avoid step bunching during post implantation annealing. In this work we propose a mechanism that explains the roughening that the surface unavoidably undergoes during annealing under the C-cap. We investigated the reactions occurring at the interface between 4H-SiC and the C-cap by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy carried out at different stages of the sample processing: just after annealing, after C-cap removal in dry Oxygen, and after cleaning in buffered oxide etch solution. Our observations show that, even though the C-cap roughens for increasing annealing temperature and time, it is not visibly damaged even after 1950 °C 30 min annealing. After the C-cap removal the 4H-SiC surface was covered by a network of clusters that are eventually removed by buffered oxide etch solution. This occurrence suggests that, during the post-implantation annealing, the 4H-SiC surface decomposes and the escaped Si and C atoms are trapped inside the C-cap or at the interface between 4H-SiC and the C-cap. While C clusters are etched off in the dry O2 atmosphere, the Si clusters oxidize and form SiO2 nanoparticles which are finally etched by buffered oxide etch.


Accelerator structures of a wide variety have been damaged by RF breakdowns. Very little is known about the mechanisms that cause the breakdown and the damage although there has been theoretical work. Using an array of ultrasonic acoustic emission sensors we have been able to locate and classify breakdown events more accurately than possible using microwave techniques. Data from the technique has led to improvements in the design of the NLC X-band RF structure. We report results of acoustic emission studies at the DESY TESLA Test Facility and the SLAC NLC Test Accelerator.


Patrik Scheinin is a Professor of Education and the Dean and former Vice Dean of the Faculty of Behavioural Sciences at the University of Helsinki. Among other administrative tasks he is Vice Chair of the Board of the Open University of Helsinki, board member of the Helsinki Area Summer University, Vice Chair of the Central Campus Library Committee of the University of Helsinki, and a former Vice Director of the Department of Education. He received the University of Helsinki Scholarship for Especially Talented Young Researchers for two three-year periods, first in 1986 and again in 1989.


Paclobutrazol is classified chemically in the family of triazoles (Diterpenoid carboxylic acids) and is considered one of the growth regulators and plant hormones such as gibberellin and abscisic acid, that are used as sprays on grapevines to improve vegetative characteristics and yield quality. This study was carried out during the 2018/2019, 2019/2020


Haag (whose article on archaeology beginning on p. 9 is mistitled "The Status of Evolutionary Theory in American History," although it is titled correctly in the table of contents) has written a very penetrating review. My only comments (beyond urging all archaeologists to read it) concern those of fact. I would not agree that Nelson's Tano stratigraphic sequence demonstration went nearly unnoticed (p. 92). In the Southwest everyone after 1916 looked for stratigraphy. And by 1930, when Haag believes "Nelson's stratigraphy was still a rarely used technique," I have the impression that most excavators worthy of being called archaeologists knew of and were using the technique of level-digging.* Haag believes that American archaeological theory is trending in the direction of multilinear evolution, and that culture history seen in a historical-developmental framework is evolutionism. Kluckhohn's article serves in part as an integration of the nine preceding papers. As a summary and stocktaking, it is neutral in position. One quotation is appropriate:


Both data protection and privacy are crucial components of internet governance. The Data Protection Act is a piece of legislation designed to safeguard individuals' privacy rights. One definition of privacy is the individual's right to manage and disseminate his or her own private information and data in accordance with his or her own goals and values. Numerous judicial decisions in India have elevated the right to privacy to the status of a fundamental right, and statutes have further codified the right as a legal one. The term "internet privacy" can refer to a wide range of issues and debates. The term can refer to both the rights an individual has to control their personal information and the infringements on those rights that occur when that information is transmitted over the Internet. The ever-changing nature of the internet has resulted in a never-ending slew of new privacy-related concerns and problems. Privacy protection in the digital sphere is crucial in the modern world because of the importance of safeguarding our personal information, financial data, sensitive information, online activity, and fundamental rights. To continue reaping the benefits of technological advancements without jeopardising our safety or giving up control of our personal information, it is crucial for individuals, businesses, and governments to take action to protect digital privacy. "The Personal Data Protection Bill, 2019 was introduced in the Lok Sabha on December 11, 2019, by Minister of Electronics and Information Technology Ravi Kumar". In India, this occurred. The bill's stated goals include, first and foremost, the protection of personally identifiable information, and secondly, the creation of a Data Protection Authority to oversee that protection. This study aims to to examine views of Indian citizens regarding laws concerning digital privacy. For the sake of justification, total 240 respondents has taken through questionnaire by applying 5 point likert scale.


Since at least the 1980s, the accounting profession has discussed and written about the gap between academics and the practice of accounting. More recently, accounting academics have joined the call for increased faculty engagement with the accounting profession. As a result, the 2018 Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business International (AACSB) Eligibility Procedures and Standards for Accounting Accreditation include "Engagement" as a significant pillar of the new standards. The objective is to challenge accounting department faculty to engage more intentionally with accounting practitioners. Accounting Advisory Councils might represent an important opportunity to achieve such engagement. The authors conducted a survey to gain an understanding of advisory councils and how they might address the concerns of the accounting profession for more interaction and collaboration between the academy and the profession. It is encouraging that 96% of our AACSB accounting accredited respondents indicated that they have a functioning Accounting Advisory Council and that they believe the Council is very valuable in support of the department's mission. In addition, the accounting department leaders reported a very high level of engagement with council members outside regular meetings. The survey results of this chapter provide additional insights on organization, membership, and engagement regarding Accounting Advisory Councils.


Switched reluctance motor (SRM) have strong nonlinear characteristics, and there are unknown parameter fluctuations and external load disturbances in the speed control system. In order to achieve better speed control performance, the variable universe fuzzy adaptive control algorithm is introduced as the speed controller of SRM, and the hysteresis PWM direct instantaneous torque control is introduced as the internal torque controller. Finally, the experiment proves the validity of the algorithm, which shows that the variable universe fuzzy adaptive controller can effectively improve the adaptability of SRM system to parameter fluctuation and the robustness to external load disturbance.


Introduction QLASSIC is an acronym for 'Quality Assessment System in Construction. It was mooted by Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) somewhere in late 2006. One of its main aims is to establish an assessment tool that commonly be used in the industry to measure objectively the level of quality of building construction work. Hence the introduction of QLASSIC is expected to address several of the predominant quality issues that prevailed in the construction realm (Ali, 2010a) Indeed QLASSIC can become the national yardstick to benchmark the level of quality performance in the Malaysian construction landscape. The main assessment elements in QLASSIC are adapted from 6 th edition Construction Quality Assessment System (CONQUAS) 21 which was published by Building and Construction Authority (BCA), Singapore in year 2005 (CIDB, 2009a). In lieu of this there are several similarities in the assessment structure of these assessment systems. According to statistical data published by CIDB (2013a), since late 2006 till the year 2012 altogether 545 building construction projects have been assessed with QLASSIC with an industry average score of 70 %. In the year 2012, altogether 139 projects have been assessed representing 96 % projects from the private sector and 4 % projects from the public sector. Furthermore the data also revealed that in the year 2012, 66 % of the projects fall under category of landed housing. Problem Statement The craved for quality has and will always be the prime concerned of the project stakeholders in the construction industry (CIDB, 2009b). In this regard, quality is one of the areas that had been emphasized in the Construction Industry Master Plan (CIMP), 2006-2015 (CIDB, 2007). Notwithstanding this, there are several quality related programs that had been formulated by CIDB among this is QLASSIC (Ali et al, 2012). After more than 5 years in implementation of QLASSIC, obviously its presence has generated some kind of impact to the construction industry (Kam, Hilmy and Hamid, 2012). On that note that in the year 2012, CIDB has conducted a study to ascertain the impact on implementation of QLASSIC. Several of key findings from the impact study (CIDB, 2013b) are as follows: • Majority of the applications (76%) for QLASSIC assessments are from companies which have been certified with ISO 9001 Quality Management System (QMS). This indicates that majority of the applications for QLASSIC assessments were contractors and developers that were certified to ISO 9001 QMS. This denotes that ISO 9001 QMS certified construction companies have shown their interest in using QLASSIC to measure the level of quality of their construction output. • Majority of the respondents (84%) opined that practicing ISO 9001 QMS can influence in achieving QLASSIC score. This result is almost similar to the finding by Low et al, 1999 that contractors who are certified to ISO 9001 QMS appear to have achieved higher CONQUAS scores albeit not significantly. • QLASSIC has proven to help improve the performance of a construction project. The study showed that majority of respondents (85 %), agreed with the statement that QLASSIC helps to improve the quality of a project • QLASSIC Score can also increase company marketability. A major percentage of respondents (67 %) agreed that track record ABSTRACT Quality Assessment System in Construction (QLASSIC) was promoted by Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) in late 2006. Apparently its main aim is to assess objectively the level of quality of the building construction work. Essentially the program comprised of two main components which are the assessment standard known as Construction Industry Standard (CIS) 7:2006 and the operation of the QLASSIC assessment. After more than five years of its existence, inevitably there are several issues prevailed that need to be addressed. Having said that leads to the primary objective of having this study is to explore the potential areas of improvement in QLASSIC. The respondents for this research were the construction personnel that have fair knowledge on CIS 7: 2006 and considerable years of experience in QLASSIC assessments. The data were collected through five focus group workshops consisted representative from the key stakeholders in QLASSIC assessments namely developer, consultant, contractor, Housing Tribunal and QLASSIC assessor. Altogether 66 respondents have participated in the workshops. This study had utilized questionnaire form as the research instrument. The data collected were analyzed using SPSS version 17. Generally this study was able to identify potential areas of improvement in CIS 7: 2006 as well as the operational of QLASSIC assessment. The output of this research is expected to provide the preliminary indications as areas that need to review and improve in an effort to improvise the implementation of QLASSIC by CIDB. © 2014 Elixir All rights reserved. Preliminary findings on potential areas of improvement in QLASSIC Mukhtar Che Ali 1, *, Radzi Ismail 1 , Kenn Jhun Kam 2 and Natasha Dzulkalnine 1


Significance Our study demonstrates that ovarian tumor cell debris generated by front-line chemotherapy promotes tumor growth by stimulating the release of proinflammatory cytokines and lipid mediators in the tumor microenvironment. Targeting the debris-mediated surge of protumorigenic factors provides a strategy for enhancing the efficacy of cytotoxic therapies. Here, we show that the dual cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitor PTUPB prevented the chemotherapy-induced cytokine/lipid surge and suppressed debris-stimulated ovarian tumor growth. Dual COX-2/sEH inhibition may have clinical implications for use in combination with cytotoxic cancer therapies to alleviate debris-mediated inflammation. Our results indicate that PTUPB may act as a "surge protector" against therapy-induced protumorigenic mediators to improve patient survival by preventing tumor recurrence. Although chemotherapy is a conventional cancer treatment, it may induce a protumorigenic microenvironment by triggering the release of proinflammatory mediators. In this study, we demonstrate that ovarian tumor cell debris generated by first-line platinum- and taxane-based chemotherapy accelerates tumor progression by stimulating a macrophage-derived "surge" of proinflammatory cytokines and bioactive lipids. Thus, targeting a single inflammatory mediator or pathway is unlikely to prevent therapy-induced tumor progression. Here, we show that combined pharmacological abrogation of the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) pathways prevented the debris-induced surge of both cytokines and lipid mediators by macrophages. In animal models, the dual COX-2/sEH inhibitor PTUPB delayed the onset of debris-stimulated ovarian tumor growth and ascites leading to sustained survival over 120 days postinjection. Therefore, dual inhibition of COX-2/sEH may be an approach to suppress debris-stimulated ovarian tumor growth by preventing the therapy-induced surge of cytokines and lipid mediators.


Abstract:This research aim to know the influence of pictured letters card game to motivation learn in recognizing letters in children aged 4-5 years at paud as-shifa citra pekanbaru. Population of this reseacrh was paud as-shifa citrapekanbaru child's, sample of researchare 20 childs. Method of research was experiment which this research tries to look for this research aim to know the influence of pictured letters card game to motivation learn in recognizing letters in children aged 4-5 years at paud as-shifa citra pekanbaru. Instrumental of this research used observation sheet. Data anlisa tech used utilizes scale test-driving and statistical methods analysis with SPSS For's program ver's Windows 20. The result of this research that acquired available the influence of pictured letters card game to motivation learn in recognizing letters in children aged 4-5 years at paud as-shifa citra pekanbaru. Obtained value t tabel with df 19 in taraf signifikansi 5% (2-tailed) of 2,093. This known t count (17,472)>t table (2,093) or signifikansi (0,000)<0,05. Influence card game pictured letters to motivation learn children recognize letters in the age of 4-5 years in early childhood As- Shifa Pekanbaru that is equal to 70,588%. Key Words : Motivation Learn, Pictured Letters Card Game


causa fuerint ipse in sequentibus evidenter ostendit.' Donatus, like most scholars, believed that Aeneas had forgotten Hector's death. (6) Kragelund disregards 279—80 'ultro flens ipse videbar / compellare virum et maestas expromere voces.' If Aeneas' whole speech is 'woeful', its first words are not optimistic self-delusion but regret for the past. Indeed none of the questions of 'Aeneas the dreamer' reconciles the conflicting realities of dreaming and waking worlds or is logically consistent, for we have the paradox of the dreamer observing himself as an active and foreign participant in the dream. To mention the poet's intentions is certainly not to meet the semiotic interpreter on his own terms. However it is not clear that Virgil was bound, in describing Aeneas repeating his own speech during a portentous dream, to force the participating character to recognize he is dreaming and to 'decode' the portent correctly. After the ghost's speech, the waking Aeneas is able to do so, but the narrating Aeneas later states explicitly that his experiences at the time were confused (note esp. 'videbar'). Similar objections, especially to the refusal to consider Virgil's literary intentions, apply to the analysis of Turnus' equally paradoxical dream experience. The author's claim to objectivity of method does not seem entirely honest. Such an analysis may constitute an objective description of the semioticist's perception of a text according to his chosen frames of references. To step outside that framework and offer an absolute interpretation of the meaning is a different undertaking. The criteria according to which the reading was constructed then lie open to criticism on any terms. I have mentioned some inaccuracies and, to the (probably subjective) reviewer, misinterpretations. But the greatest danger lies in the inevitably subjective choice of criteria. The weeping of Hector's ghost is ignored. Allecto's t ~>rch is equated with a prophecy of defeat and death and (on the analogy of tht pregnant Hecuba's dream) misfortune. Yet that it belches black smoke instead of clear flame is apparently irrelevant. The fire theme in Book 7 is divorced from its appearance elsewhere and cross-references to war, darkness, and 'furor', all of which should affect the analysis, are lacking. If classical philology is to be assailed by this fashionable sport, its exponents must face the problem of subjectivity more squarely or confine its application to comparative description and leave interpretation alone.


Measurements under varied conditions performed with a ho- modyne laser radar prototype for surface displacement monitoring are presented. They include constant and variable velocity measurements from both a disk and a belt target. In this manner, a methodology for estimating the probability of detection and the standard deviation of the complete system is proposed. © 2001 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. (DOI: 10.1117/1.1419189)


An alternative to the conventional telescopic fork type front suspension used in bicycles is the Floating handle bar suspension which replaces the two springs that are used in the Telescopic forks by a single open coiled spring of a greater wire diameter and stiffness thereby eliminating the need of telescopic forks. In our study we determine the spring that is to be used to produce the required suspension effect. The newly designed spring was integrated to the bicycle and the model was validated by a working prototype which was ridden to check for any failures. The bicycle model used for checking the effectiveness of floating handlebar suspension was a Hercules Terminator V2. One major problem that we faced was the maneuverability of the bicycle during hard turns. This was due to the increase in weight of the front suspension.


We systematically study the structures and electrical transport properties of a series of Sn-doped indium oxide (ITO) films with thickness t ranging from ∼5 to ∼53 nm. Scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction results indicate that the t ≲ 16.8 nm films are polycrystalline, while those t ≳ 26.7 nm films are epitaxially grown along [100] direction. For the epitaxial films, the Altshuler and Aronov electron-electron interaction (EEI) effect governs the temperature behaviors of the sheet conductance σ□ at low temperatures, and the ratios of relative change of Hall coefficient ΔRH/RH to relative change of sheet resistance ΔR□/R□ are ≈2, which is quantitatively consistent with Altshuler and Aronov EEI theory and seldom observed in other systems. For those polycrystalline films, both the sheet conductance and Hall coefficient vary linearly with logarithm of temperature below several tens Kelvin, which can be well described by the current EEI theories in granular metals. We extract the intergranular tun...


The ability of isolated growth cones to respond to their environment and grow independently of the cell body',' suggests that, in addition to cell body dependent processes,'*4 local mechanisms operating within the neurite may organize cytoskeletal assembly. Our investigations suggest one such mechanism: a complementary force interaction within growing neurites, tension on actin filaments supported by compression on microtubules (MTs), integrating M T assembly with the actin-based motility of the growth cone. PC-12 cells treated with nerve growth factor (NGF) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (CAMP) extend more neurites faster, and with a shorter lag period than after treatment with N G F alone.' We found that neurites of PC-12 cells regenerated in medium with both N G F and CAMP ( N C cells) are more stable to retraction induced by treatments that depolymerize MTs than neurites regenerated in N G F only (N cells): These results indicate that MTs within N C neurites are more


A linear unsaturated co-dimer of styrene and p-chlorostyrene, 1-phenyl-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-butene (2), was preferentially produced by reaction of 1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl diphenyl phosphate (1) with styrene. The reaction was found to be extraordinarily accelerated by addition of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid. 1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl acetate reacts readily with styrene in the presence of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid to afford 2 in good yields, whereas the acetate is inert toward styrene in the absence of a super acid.


The article analyses opportunities for enhancing resource and environmental efficiency of modern electroplating processes. These parameters highly depend on metal and water use efficiency. Water is consumed primarily for washing details after the plating. Authors analyse reasons for changing water intensity of electroplating processes and opportunities for reducing water consumption while implementing Best Available Techniques (BAT). Data on solution carry-over published in the research literature, norms and standards are compared. Various periods of the technology development and environmental regulation are considered (1939 to date). Specific water consumption grows since 1970s which is caused both by the increase of concentrations of main components of technological solutions and by the introduction of GOST 9.047-75 standard. The standard sets an elevated solution carry-over value: if in 1959–1968, this value varied between 0.055 and 0.073 L/m 2 , in 1972 the new value was set at 0.2 by the environmental regulation requirements which became more stringent at that time. Increased solution carry-over norms allowed using water to dilute wastewater and thereby to reduce concentrations of contaminants. The average solution carry-over value is 0.065 L/m 2 , while the most probable values vary between 0.04 and 0.08 L/m 2 and may be considered as environmentally and resource sound when setting BAT requirements for designing electroplating processes. For the two-stage washing process, parameter ( qK 1/2 ) is calculated. This parameter characterises the specific washing water volume. Annual water consumption in the electroplating processes is assessed. The consumption calculated based on existing norms, varies from 3.4 to 6.2 mln m 3 per year; it is 2.5 times higher than the consumption reported in the research articles.


Cephalopods are an ecological and economic important group, but knowledge about adults and paralarvae in the Colombian Pacific Ocean (CPO) is very limited. Therefore, paralarvae were identified to the family level and their distribution and relation to some a biotic variables described during Jun-Jul.01 , Aug-Sep.01, Sep.02, Sep.03, and Sep-Oct.04. Ommastrephidae squids (perhaps a high proportion of Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis and Dosidiscus gigas) predominated (66.3%) within the eight families identified. Thermohaline influence and spawning in all periods were evident, since paralarval abundances were significant (78-1655 Pl/1000 m3). Mantle length indicated earlier hatching than in other regions of the American Pacific, possibly due to the higher temperatures in the CPO. The distribution was always heterogeneous, as usual in plankton, but with lower abundance in Sep.03 in the southwestern corner of the study area, perhaps due to the influence of the moderate-weak El Nino event detected only in that sector. The tendency to increase by night (1674 Pl/1000 m3 vs. 338 Pl/1000 m3 by day) and first quarter (51.79 %) was attributed to the vertical migration of paralarvae in response to light. The variability of these findings could be related with the reproductive behavior of cephalopods, the environmental changes among periods framed in the high environmental complexity of the OPC, and other factors not weighed, affecting zooplankton communities, e. g., movement of water bodies, food availability and predation.


Government and enterprises and farmers, environmental NGO are three necessary governance doers. They have played an important function in environmental governance. A mechanism is set up, which takes the government as a leading factor, and promotes environmental NGO to play the role of bringing public participation enterprises anf farmers in environmental governance and supervising government. It is hoped to solve the problem in environmental governance by correctly handling the relations between government and enterprises, farmers, environmental NGO.


A high capacity watermarking scheme with high computational efficiency was proposed based on modulating the energy of certain image regions. During the modification, the Watson's perceptual model is employed to restrict the modified magnitude of coefficients. This scheme is capable of embedding 2640 bits of information in each frame with dimensions 704/spl times/480 pixels. Experimental results indicate the watermarks are robust to significant valumetric distortions (including additive noise, low-pass filtering, lossy compression and valumetric scaling).


Modern computers have graphics cards with much higher theoretical efficiency than conventional CPU. The paper presents application possibilities GPU CUDA acceleration for encryption of data using the new architecture tailored to the 3DES algorithm, characterized by increased security compared to the normal DES. The algorithm used in ECB mode (Electronic Codebook), in which 64-bit data blocks are encrypted independently by stream processors (CUDA cores).


Abstract Introduction The Good Samaritan Drug Overdose Act, a federal law enacted in Canada in 2017, aims to increase bystander response to overdoses by offering legal protection for arrests related to simple possession at the scene of an overdose. As this legislation suggests, a shift has occurred to view overdose events as a medical issue, constituting a shift in the role of police officers. Our study aimed to uncover the role police perceive for themselves at overdose events. Methods Twenty-two qualitative interviews were conducted with police officers across British Columbia (BC). A thematic analysis was completed to identify patterns in the data. Findings Police officers perceived their primary role was to ensure the safety of first responders and bystanders at overdose events. Some officers favored enforcing mandatory treatment and used coercive practices to ensure overdose victims received further medical care. Discussion Policies which reframe overdose events in terms of a health rather than criminal response put into question whether police officers have a role at overdose events and, if so, what it is. Conclusions Education and awareness are needed to reduce stigma towards people who use drugs, misunderstandings around naloxone and harmful practices such as coercion, at overdose events.


Abstract : This is the seventh sub-volumes of Volume VII containing spectrographs of the model helicopter hub/rotor wake as it was modified by various aerodynamic devices. This sub-volume deals with the effects of various fairings and also of surface devices. (Author)


We have proposed a mean field theoretical model in the coexistence of superconductivity and Jahn–Teller (JT) effect for the study of specific heat in iron-based superconductors in the presence of an external magnetic field. The superconducting (SC) gap and lattice strain energy expressions are calculated using Zubarev's technique of double-time electron Green's function and solved numerically. The specific heat jump at the critical temperatures are observed. Keeping fixed the SC transition temperature at 28[Formula: see text]K for the iron pnictide [Formula: see text] like superconductors, the coefficient of electronic specific heat [Formula: see text] at low temperatures is determined to be 5.75[Formula: see text]mJ/mol[Formula: see text]K2 in the pure SC state and 4.76[Formula: see text]mJ/mol[Formula: see text]K2 in the coexistence state of SC and JT effect which are in agreement with some experimental results. The effect of the external magnetic field on the specific heat is studied.


The global warming has triggered climate change, which has a certain impact on the redistribution of hydrology and water resources, and may even tilts the ecological balance. This paper sums up the trends of some climate and hydrological indices in several Chinese rivers, namely, temperature, precipitation and runoff, and examines how these indices vary with the time. Then, the wavelet analysis was introduced to disclose the hidden features of temperature, precipitation and runoff time series, revealing certain correlations between these series. As a result, the effect of temperature on precipitation was explored through correlation analysis, so was that of temperature and precipitation on runoff. Finally, the ecological water demands in the upstream, midstream and downstream of the target river were computed, and found to change in a similar way to temperature and precipitation. The research findings shed new light on the maintenance of hydrology and water resources in rivers and the handling of relevant problems.


Infants born to mothers who have received narcotic analgesics or general anaesthetics often show respiratory depression. By serial analysis of arterialized capillary blood samples it was observed that the maximal effects in terms of pH, Pco2 and base excess values occurred at 10 minutes after birth in a group of babies who had only normal routine resuscitation. In another similar group of babies, in addition to the routine resuscitation measures, 0.5 to 3.0 mg./kg. of doxapram hydrochloride was injected into the umbilical vein immediately after the first sample of blood was taken. It was seen that doxapram–treated infants had less fall of pH and no rise of Pco2 at 10 minutes after birth. The pHand Pco2 values, however, returned to normal physiological limits by 4 to 24 hours in both groups, though the doxapram–treated group had a faster recovery. Further analysis of the data showed that the optimum dose of doxapram was 2 to 3 mg./kg.


Background: Biomass and solid fuels are major contributors to Indoor Air Pollution (IAP) in developing nations and have high associated mortality risks as reported by WHO. A number of studies have focused on ambient air quality and its associated risk of asthma attacks, but fewer studies focus on health impacts from IAP. Methods: A cross-sectional population survey including 310 women participants was conducted in rural villages of western Uttar Pradesh to record self-reported prevalence of asthma. Indoor air quality for PM10 and PM2.5 was assessed and recorded for eight hours, per each household of these women residents. Regression models were generated to estimate the effects of cooking smoke on self-reported asthma. Results: Average concentration of PM10 and PM2.5 was significantly higher in the houses cooking using biomass fuel (BMF) as opposed to the ones cooking using LPG (p<0.01). Finding of this study suggest that women exposed to biomass fuel smoke are at a higher risk of reporting asthma than the ones using cleaner fuels like LPG (OR: 1.32; 95%CI 1.082-1.53; p<0.01). Conclusions: Self-reported asthma was more prevalent in women that were found using BMF as a major cooking fuel. Results from this study may have important implications in terms of policy intervention at national and international level for developing nations like India, where majority of population rely on BMF as a coking solution.


For homing guidance with a passive seeker, when we have a tractable object near a stationary target in case that the target itself can not be tracked, we propose a new guidance law named squint biased PNG. With both the invariant geometric information and the output of seeker squinting at the additional object, it is shown to be possible to guide vehicle to the aimed target. Some interpretations are made to get the proper engaging geometry for realistic limitations. And some important error configurations are investigated to prove the guidance performance.


Background: Social psychology was first proposed by Irving psychologists. This discipline mainly analyzes the instincts, communication, reactions, habits and other behaviors of groups. As a new category of language marginalization, sociopsycholinguistics follows the guiding principle of human standard, and the research object is people and in society. The research content of social psychology is the behavior occurrence and change law and psychology of groups and individuals in social interaction. Social psychology is an important science closely related to people ' s daily life. It can not only cover the advantages of all disciplines, but also add vitality to the long-term development of all disciplines. Social psychology explores interpersonal relationships on the basis of social group level and individual level. Individual level includes the influence of school, living environment, family, partners, speech development, communication and individual socialization process on individuals. Social group level refers to culture, customs, racial prejudice, aggressive behavior, attitude, group communication structure, etc. The development process of social psychology can be divided into three stages: the germination of western social psychology, the determination of the discipline system of western social psychology, and the expansion of the research field of western social psychology. Based on the interaction between individual and society, social psychology analyzes the occurrence, development and change law of individual psychological activities under certain social living conditions. Social psychology not only attaches importance to the interaction between individual and society, but also attaches importance to the analysis of individual internal psychological factors and social situations. The research scope of social psychology involves applied psychology, group psychology, social communication psychology and behavior, individual social psychology and social behavior, including the application of social psychology, social influence, attitude and behavior, social individual, theory and method, etc.


Duloxetine hydrochloride is a relatively balanced and potent reuptake inhibitor of both serotonin and norepinephrine.It is used not only in treatment of depression,but also in treatment of stress incontinence and diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain.Duloxetine is also effective in the treatment of co-morbid chronic pain in depression,and we introduce the clinical practice and research progress about Duloxetine hydrochloride in recent years


kouros; to do this it would have been necessary at the very least to recut the hair. As I have noted there is a modern patch in the hair; to combine such patching with the recutting and artificial ageing of the rest of the scalp scarcely seems commensurate with the mediocrity of the whole. A curious feature is a 'skin' of darker wood to be seen around much of the head in the frontal section; I do not know whether this can be the product of a natural process or modern tinkering. It is frustrating not being able to come to any decision. The wood is undoubtedly about four thousand years old and probably of Egyptian origin, but all three explanations which I have put forward have distinct drawbacks, the most stubborn perhaps being the hairstyle and length of face, if we think in terms of an Egyptian original, the unique circumstances of discovery and preservations if it were a Greek reworking, and the care and cunning expended on a slight work if modern treatment were suspected. If I favour the second alternative it may merely be because my knowledge of


Contrary to the lay theory that predicts duration knowledge of affective episodes to ameliorate negative experiences and weaken positive ones, we demonstrate that duration knowledge increases the extremity of affective experience. In experiments 1 and 2, participants either know the exact duration of the episodes or not and then experience either negative or positive episodes. The results show that, contrary to general intuition, duration knowledge worsens negative experiences and enhances positive experiences. In experiments 3a and 3b, we identify a boundary condition wherein the effect of duration knowledge is attenuated when participants focus primarily on the end of the experience (as opposed to the ongoing experience). In closing, we highlight the theoretical implications for studies on hedonic adaptation in general and the uncertainty effect in particular. Possible mechanisms for the effect of duration knowledge are discussed.


Abstract Carp liver contains a glutathione S‐transferase isoenzyme which uses as best substrates l‐chloro‐2,4‐dinitrobenzene (CDNB) and cumene hydroperoxide, thus showing selenium‐independent glutathione peroxidase activity. This isoenzyme accounts for about 15% of the total activity with CDNB and does not bind to the affinity matrix of hexyl‐S‐glutathione Sepharose 6B. It has been partially purified by ionic exchange and gel filtration chromatographies and isoelectric focusing. The purified enzyme is an acidic protein of 55 kDa of relative molecular mass and has an isoelectric point at pH 5.4. Values of Km have been measured for both CDNB and reduced glutathione (GSH) substrates. The best substrates are CDNB and cumene hydroperoxide, followed by ethacrynic acid and 1,2‐epoxy‐3‐(p‐nitrophenoxy)‐propane. Hydrogen peroxide and 1,2‐dichloro‐4‐nitrobenzene are not substrates and trans‐4‐phenyl‐3‐buten‐2‐one is a very poor one. Among several glutathione S‐transferase inhibitors used, cibacron blue and rose bengal are the strongest; the herbicides, 5‐amino‐4‐chloro‐2‐phenyl‐3(2H)‐pyridazinone (Pyrazon), 2,4‐dichlorophe‐noxyacetic acid (2,4‐D), and 2‐(2‐methyl‐4‐chlorophenoxy) pro‐pionic acid (MCPA) are less effective.


This paper aimed to contribute to the debate on the meaning that high school has to youths in the current context. It points out both historical and recent tensions and fights involving high school and articulates them with the results of a field research carried out with high school youths attending a private school known for its high quality. Based on the authors consulted and the research, this study questions the quality of private high school and argues that both that quality and the meaning attributed, even if universalized, would be useless to the construction of a more equitable and egalitarian society.


Vacuum breakdowns in particle accelerators and other devices operating at high electric fields is a common problem in the operation of these devices. It has been proposed that the onset of vacuum breakdowns is associated with appearance of surface protrusions while the device is in operation under high electric field. Moreover, the breakdown tolerance of an electrode material was correlated with the type of lattice structure of the material. In the current paper we conduct molecular dynamics simulations of nanocrystalline copper surfaces and show the possibility of protrusion growth under the stress exerted on the surface by an applied electrostatic field. We show the importance of grain boundaries on the protrusion formation and establish a linear relationship between the necessary electrostatic stress for protrusion formation and the temperature of the system. We show that time for protrusion formation increases with the lowering electrostatic field and give the Arrhenius extrapolation to the case of lower fields. General discussion of the protrusion formation mechanisms in the case of polycrystalline copper surfaces is presented.


Black rhinos experience suboptimal population growth in Kenya, thus fecal progestagens were measured in 17 females at Ol Jogi Wildlife Conservancy to assess ovarian function. Regular and irregular cycles were observed, however neither were associated with poor reproductive performance. These methods and findings are foundational for future studies.


Ameloblastoma is most common benign epithelial odontogenic tumor with malignant potential usually located in jawbone. This tumor is reported to constitute 1-3% of tumors and cyst of jaws. It is common between 3rd to 5th decades of life with equal sex distribution. It often presents as a slow growing painless swelling causing perforation of buccal bone along with infiltration of surrounding soft tissue. It has a very high recurrence rate of over 50% even after wide excision. We present a case of Ameloblastoma in a 71 year female to highlight its cytological features.


is sequentionally weakly lower semicontinuous on the Sobolev space W (Ω), 1 ≤ p ≤ ∞. It is a well-known result that if g satisfies a suitable growth assumption, then it is enough if g is convex in the last variable. If N > 1 and d > 1, then the convexity can be replaced by the quasiconvexity (see [3] for the definition) which is a weaker condition. A classical result is Theorem 1.1. Let Ω ⊂ R be an open bounded set, 1 ≤ p <∞ and g : Ω × R × R d×N be a Carathéodory function. Let g(x, ζ, ·) be quasiconvex for every x ∈ Ω and every ζ ∈ R. Suppose that g satisfies 0 ≤ g(x, ζ, ξ) ≤ C(1 + |ζ| + |ξ|) . Then the functional Φ(u) = ∫


Every country should have an official time standard which called local coordinated universal time, UTC(k). Badan Standardisasi Nasional (BSN) has developed an official standard time, namely UTC(IDN) which is used as Indonesia Standard Time. The UTC(IDN) contributes to calculation of coordinated universal time (UTC). In order to generate the UTC(IDN), the output of 1 pulse per second signal of caesium atomic clock is utilized as the actual signals of this standard. A distribution amplifier is used to distribute the signal. Combination of time transfer system (TTS-3) and GPS are employed for comparison of UTC and UTC(IDN). TTS-3 automatically calculated the difference and it is steered by using certain algorithm. Time synchronization to the standard can be conducted through network time protocol (NTP) server, i.e., ntp.bsn.go.id. The time can be automatically synchronized using internet time or certain program at each computer or machine. The results of this work show that the time differences between UTC – UTC(IDN) vary from 43.2 ns to 1729.9 ns. UTC(IDN) has frequency and time stability of 3.6 x 10 Hz/Hz per 5 days and 3.1 ns per 5 days, respectively which are in good agreement to the international time reference. A shielding chamber with temperature control system has been built to keep the ambient temperature of caesium atomic clock at (23 ± 1) oC. It can be concluded that BSN has been developing and disseminating the UTC(IDN) as an Indonesia Standard Time that can support the regulation of time synchronization in Indonesia. A new temperature control system is proposed to stabilize the ambient temperature of caesium atomic clock. The temperature control system supports an accurate and stable UTC(IDN).


Abstract The present study describes the acquired dysfluencies observed in a patient with transcortical motor aphasia (TCMA) following ischaemic infarction of the mesiofrontal cortex due to occlusion of the anterior cerebral artery. Prolongation of labial plosives and labiodental fricatives as well as hesitations concomitant with a few repetitions of syllables and sounds, respectively, were noted. The dorsolateral aspects of the frontal lobe of the dominant hemisphere have been considered the relevant site of lesion in instances of acquired stuttering concomitant with TCMA. The present case demonstrates that dysfluencies May-June be present with mesiofrontal lesions as well. The patient's stuttering was confined to production of complex sentences. Since transcortical motor aphasia is characterized by paucity of speech, consisting mostly in one- to two-word utterances, the dysfluencies of patients with this kind of disorder often might be masked. The observed stuttering-like behaviour differed in two respe...


Abstract The computer simulations of ion scattering by some rarefied infinite atomic chains and some broken chains, consisting of a finite number of atoms, taking into account correlated thermal vibrations and two types of interaction potential were carried out. It was shown, that the increase both of the interatomic distances and the amplitude of thermal vibration and also the potential cut-off, results in an increase of the size of loops in the energy-versus-scattering angle diagram, that explains the scattering in the observed directions, shadowed in case of ideal chain. The calculations allow the establishment of the correlation between the type of surface defect and the shape of the energy spectra.


This paper examines play in repeated interactions where intended actions are implemented with noise and intentions are perfectly observable, and compares it to play in cases where intentions are not observed. We find that the effect of directly observing intentions varies with the strategic incentives of the game: as theory predicts, observing intentions leads to more cooperation, especially if these observations support a cooperative equilibrium that would not otherwise be present. Moreover when there is a high return to cooperation, some subjects are tolerant, using intentions to forgive accidental defections while not punishing partners who meant to defect but cooperated by accident. Conversely, when there is a low return to cooperation, some subjects are punitive: outcomes are used to punish accidental defections, but accidental cooperation is not punished. Observing intentions leads subjects to use simpler lowermemory strategies; this suggests that the more complex cooperative strategies seen in games where intentions are not observable arise from an attempt to infer intentions.


To discuss the importance of innovation for China petroleum and chemical industry development.Innovation engineering has four aspects,including way of thinking,management,technology,and trademark.Innovation engineering needs well organized scientific and technology project and auxiliary project,other supports like industrial policies,taxation,financing and personnel training are also badly needed.


This paper proposes an LMI-based design algorithm for saturating output feedback controllers that are robust with respect to parametric uncertainties in the system model. The algorithm is based on the determination of a feasible solution by solving a conservative relaxation of the problem. This feasible solution is then optimized using a procedure known as path following, which sequentially optimizes a local linearization of the problem. The algorithm relies on available numerical convex optimization techniques and is demonstrated by a numerical example.


In this paper we define a call admission control (CAC) strategy, based on the MINBLOCK problem for wireless networks using soft-handover. According to this approach, the call admission controller, decides whether to accept new-calls or not, respecting a hard constraint over the handover drop probability and a hard constraint over the admission waiting time of the handover requests, with the objective of minimizing the mean waiting time for the new-call admission requests. An analytical Markov-based model is proposed to achieve the solution of this problem, that is, to calculate the parameters of the admission controller.


PURPOSE: An activating method of a fuel cell is provided to prevent the catalytic deterioration of a cathode during activation, thereby improving the durability of a fuel cell. CONSTITUTION: An activating method of a fuel cell including an anode, a cathode, and a stack comprises a step of supplying a mixed gas to the cathode while maintaining fuel supply to the anode (S1); a step of applying a load lower than a predetermined load after (S2); a step of stopping the supply of the fuel gas (S3); a step of supplying the mixed gas to the cathode when the voltage of the stack is a predetermined voltage or less (S4); a step of applying a load higher than the predetermined load to the stack (S6). [Reference numerals] (AA) Start; (BB) End; (S1) Supplying a mixed gas to the cathode of a fuel cell; (S2) Applying a low load to a fuel cell stack; (S3) Stop supplying the mixed gas to the cathode; (S4) Supplying the mixed gas to the cathode when the voltage of the stack is a predetermined voltage or less; (S5) Repeating the step 3 (S3) - the step 4 (S4) one or more; (S6) Increasing the load applied to the stack; (S7) Supplying air only to the cathode