This paper reports a self-study of three faculty of colour engaged in teaching a special summer session geared to recruiting people of colour to teaching. Given our past experiences in institutions of higher education, we recognised the unique situation and potential of faculty of colour teaching a class made up almost exclusively of students of colour. We analysed our own reflective writings constructed while teaching the course. Using an emergent grounded research approach to data analysis, we identified common themes, and reconciled ambiguous information until a synthesis was achieved. Four themes rose to the surface: (1) creating connections; (2) the curriculum remains the same…mostly; (3) identity issues; and (4) a positive affective environment. We detail these themes and provide samples to tell our story about cultural identity, social justice and teaching. You know what? Nobody in this class needs multiculturalism. I looked around this class and I said, "We are multiculturalism." (Tyrone)


Thispaperanalyzesthe rateofconvergenceoftheh-pversionoftheboundary elementGalerkinmethod for transmission problems with piecewise analytic data. Based on the regularity of solutions of integral equations in terms of countably normed spaces, we design the geometric mesh on the interface F and the boundary element subspace containing piecewise polynomials with varying degrees. We prove that the boundary element Galerkin solution converges exponentially fast to the solution of the integral equation in the H1/2(F) x H-1/2(F)-norm.


Rough set based flow graphs represent the flow of information for a given data set where branches of these could be constructed as decision rules. However, in the recent years, the concept of flow graphs has been applied to perceptual systems (also called perceptual flow graphs) where they play a vital role in determining the nearness among disjoint sets of perceptual objects. Perceptual flow graphs were first introduced to represent and reason about sufficiently near visual points in images. In this paper, we have given a practical implementation of flow graphs induced by a perceptual system, defined with respect to digital images, to perform Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR). Results are generated using the SIMPLicity dataset, and our results are compared with the near-set based tolerance nearness measure (tNM).


EDITOR—In a news article Woodman reports that "controversy about the contraceptive pill and its effect on the risk of breast cancer was rekindled" in an editorial that I wrote in the Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. 1 The editorial was intended in part to reduce undue complacency about the safety of the pill. Ex cathedra statements by Professor John Guillebaud in Woodman's article—that my argument "is biologically implausible"—need to be well justified, since …


An approach of generalized optimum ordering is proposed considering the problem of dynamic multi-attribute decision making with incomplete decision information in practice. The decision problem is transformed into the matrix problem of generalized optimum ordering number. Meanwhile, a new method of determining the dynamic weight including both attribute-weight and time-weight is given based on the idea of TOPSIS, which reflects the subjective preference of the decision maker and the importance of the attributes and time-samples, making the decision results coincident with the desire of decision makers. Finally, an example is given to show the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed theory.


In our country ,SO2 and particles especially PM10 Pollution is serious at present. We develop a kind of wet integrated equipment by changing the impulsing deduster simply. By experiments, it proved that the new-type equipment has high efficiency of dust-removal and desulfurization(η(dust) = 97. 6%,μ (S) = 88. l%),and especially the collecting efficiency of fine particles(d = 0. 2-1 ηm)is higher(η= 86%)than normal dedusters. Based on this, it put forward a new way that can improve the efficiency of the equipments about air pollution control in our country.


Moisture migration into concrete is the leading cause of concrete degradation worldwide. There are two primary water transport mechanisms in concrete. Considering water's powerful forces and then designing concrete structures to adequately resist the known effects of these two common water transport mechanisms is paramount to achieving durable structures. Designers, contractors, and owners need to thoroughly understand the differences in the mechanisms to ensure the structures they are building provide adequate problem-free service life. The exposure of concrete infrastructures to chloride ions is the primary cause of premature corrosion of steel reinforcement. The intrusion of chloride ions, present in de-icing salts into reinforced concrete can cause steel corrosion if oxygen and moisture are also available to sustain the reaction. In fact that, the chlorides dissolved in water can also REPORT VOL. 5, 2019 ISSN 2394–3750 EISSN 2394–3769 SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY &


Cash Waqf Linked Sukuk (CWLS) is a new breakthrough in government financing based on social investment. The presence of CWLS can develop waqf instruments by integrating three main sectors at once, namely the commercial, fiscal, and Islamic social finance sectors. This study aims to discuss the SW001 series CWLS scheme and determine the relationship between the authorities that play a role in the utilization of cash waqf investment returns invested through State Sukuk by the Indonesian Waqf Board (BWI). BWI consists of the use of returns when making investments for the first time and the utilization and optimization of the CWLS imbalance. The research uses a qualitative method with a case study technique using ATLAS.ti software to assist the coding and data analysis process. The results of this study indicate that there is a close relationship between the authorities who play a role in CWLS. Furthermore, the use of discounts and coupons managed by the Achmad Wardi Eye Hospital was realized in the form of waqf assets in the form of retinas, glaucoma centers and the provision of various free eye surgeries for the poor


This paper presents the main results of a large test road programme implemented as part of the Finland Asphalt Research (ASTO) Project 1987-93, and followed up since then. The factors influencing pavement wear resistance were studied closely. Wearing decreased by 30% on average during 1991-94. Wearing is strongly influenced by weather conditions; it is 30% less in eastern Finland, which is cold and dry, than in the south west coastal area, which is warm and moist. Road wear is closely correlated with the Nordic abrasion value. A model was developed for predicting wear of different mass types. It was found that the polymer-modified binder PmB1 improves wearing properties by 10% and deformation properties by 30%, compared with bitumen B-120. For some combinations of aggregate and binder, wearing properties can be improved by adding an adhesive agent. The paper presents a new rut calculation algorithm, based on road test results, and an illustrative example of its use. The SRK value can be modified for a specific mixture type, or by binder and additives. Wear in 1997 was below average wear for 1991-94 by 30%, largely because of lighter tyre studs. The ratio of wear area to rut depth is affected by pavement width. Improved deformation models allow for mixture type, binder, and additives.


The present invention relates to masking pastes and methods for removing portions of the back electrode and photovoltaic junction from a photovoltaic laminate to create a partially transparent thin-film photovoltaic panel. Such panels may be useful in window and sun-roof applications. This method can be used to edge-delete and electrically isolate a photovoltaic panel and to reduce the reflectivity of the sun-facing substrate surface.


The data available on seismic movements registered in locations where the conditions of the subsoil are sufficiently well known, make it possible to obtain mean spectra of acceleration for four different geological situations: clay and sand, deep non-cohesive soil, rigid soil and rock. The conclusion has been reached that the form of the spectra varies as a function of the local soil conditions, which must be taken into account in regions subject to earth tremors of large magnitude. The mean spectra obtained in this study could be used as a guide in the design of structures which may be subjected to seismic movements. /TRRL/


Digital image forgery (DIF) is the act of deliberate alteration of an image to change the details transmitted by it. The manipulation may either add, delete or alter any of the image features or contents, without leaving any hint of the change induced. In general, copy-move forgery, also referred to as replication, is the most common of the various kinds of passive image forgery techniques. In the copy-move forgery, the basic process is copy/paste from one area to another in the same image. Over the past few decades various image copy-move forgery detection (IC-MFDs) surveys have been existed. However, these surveys are not covered for both IC-MFD algorithms based hand-crafted features and IC-MFDs algorithms based machine-crafted features. Therefore, The paper presented a comparative analysis of IC-MFDs by collect various types of IC-MFDs and group them rely on their features used. Two groups, i.e. IC-MFDs based hand-crafted features and IC-MFDs based machine-crafted features. IC-MFD algorithms based hand-crafted features are the algorithms that detect the faked image depending on manual feature extraction while IC-MFD algorithms based machine-crafted features are the algorithms that detect the faked image automatically from image. Our hope that this presented analysis will to keep up-to-date the researchers in the field of IC-MFD.


Using convex calculus, we extend the Wong-Viner Theorem to nondifferentiable costs by equating the capital inputs' rental prices to their profit-imputed marginal values. Thus extended, the short-run approach to LRMC pricing is applied to peak-load pricing with storage.


A process for the valve timing during the starting process of an internal combustion engine having at least one operable in cycles cylinder (10), wherein a working cycle (AZ) each comprises at least one inlet and at least one outlet of a cylinder charge, characterized in that after a start of start of the internal combustion engine at least during the is first duty cycle (AZ1) of the outlet of the cylinder filling at least one cylinder (10) at least partially suppressed, wherein a compression of an air-fuel mixture takes place.


The multifragmentation disassembly mode of highly excited nuclear systems is examined through explorations with a schematic model which involves an expanding and evaporating source. The novel character of the process is investigated. The threshold and demise of the process as a function of excitation energy is studied. A high threshold energy due primarily to dynamics is suggested. Predictions of various features signaling the multifragmentation process are made. The model suggests the sensitivity of this process to the low density nuclear equation‐of‐state. Observable features associated with the reaction dynamics, i.e., time scales, lowered densities, and the collective velocity of expansion, are discussed. Reference is made to current experiments which are finding features qualitatively similar to the predictions.


A "dirty bomb" is a type of hypothetical radiological dispersal device (RDD) that has been the subject of significant safety and security concerns given the disruption that would result in a postulated terrorist attack. Reliable and accurate predictions of dispersion of radiological material from an RDD are absolutely necessary for first responders and emergency decision makers to plan effective response strategies. Development of high-fidelity, mechanistic models of a dirty bomb are complicated because dispersion over areas with the greatest risk of contamination is highly sensitive to the source of contaminant particles, and this source term is governed by processes over much smaller temporal and spatial length scales than the dispersion. New work on accelerating high-fidelity models of RDDs has been initiated that looks to incorporate the multiscale aspects of the problem and enhance predictive capabilities that may assist in anti-terrorism activities.


It is pointed out that AC variable-speed drives are seeing more widespread use in the pulp and paper industry. This is due to the reliability and low cost of the AC induction motor, combined with the recently improved economy and performance of AC drives. It is noted that, even though the up-front cost of an AC drive control, is greater than that of the DC drive, there are many factors to consider that can quickly make up the difference. Conservative data are presented which indicate a 17% savings as a percentage of total system and installation cost using AC drives. Some end users have experienced up to 30% savings.<<ETX>>


Chemotactic activity for human peripheral blood leucocytes was generated by the action of thrombin on human fibrinogen, a reaction known to release low molecular weight fibrinopeptides. Following gel filtration of the clot supernatant most of the activity eluted at the same Kd as synthetic fibrinopeptides. Fibrinopeptides present in the clot supernatant were then identified and separated by high voltage electrophorcsis in two dimensions. Chemotactic activity was a property of fibrinopeptide B and not of fibrinopeptides A, AP or AY. Supernatants prepared with contortrix venom, which cleaves the B peptide, were also chemotactic whereas no activity was present in supernatants prepared from Arvin venom which cleaves peptides A, AP and AY. Synthetic fibrinopeptide B and a B analogue, 1‐glutamic acid, were found to be chemotactic but not synthetic fibrinopeptide A. Thus chemotaxis of human leucocytes represents a further biological activity of fibrinopeptide B.


study was performed to evaluate the corrosion and leakage potentials of some important heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn) using the USEPA standard procedure. For the purposes of this study, 76 sampling points were selected across the study area including raw water intakes, treatment effluents, and tap waters in Ahvaz distribution network. After a minimum retention period of 6 hours in the distribution network, the first samples were taken according to the standard method, repeating the sampling procedure on a monthly basis for six months. Sample preparation and digestion were accomplished using the spectrophotometric atomic absorption technique to determine the concentration levels of the above-mentioned heavy metals. The results obtained were compared with USEPA standard indices and the corrosion potential was evaluated on the basis of heavy metals


The persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) is a common venous abnormality. However, malformation of the bilateral inferior venae cava (IVC) is extremely rare, with an incidence rate of .3%. IVC malformation is associated most frequently with heart defects and isomerism and often has a poor prognosis. We presented a case of vascular malformations in the fetus of bilateral caval veins with the interruption of the left‐sided venous return with hemiazygos continuation in presence of a right‐sided inferior caval vein. Also noted were the PLSVC and a dilated right heart with a widened pulmonary trunk. In this case, there were no heart defects or chromosomal abnormalities, and the newborn postpartum was in a good condition.


gammopathy in 430 cases. Mayo Clin Proc 1987; 62: 719–731 31. Desikan R, Dhodapkar M, Siegel D et al. High-dose therapy with autologous haemopoietic stem cell support for Waldenstrom's macroglobulinaemia. Br J Haematol 1999; 105: 993–996 32. Gillmore JD, Davies J, Iqbal A, Madhoo S, Russell NH, Hawkins PN. Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for systemic AL amyloidosis. Br J Haematol 1998; 100: 226–228 33. Guillaume B, Straetmans N, Jadoul M, Cosyns JP, Ferrant A. Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for AL amyloidosis. Bone Marrow Transplant 1997; 20: 907–908 34. Le Blanc R, Montminy-Metivier S, Belanger R et al. Allogeneic transplantation for multiple myeloma: further evidence for a GVHD-associated graft-versus-myeloma effect. Bone Marrow Transplant 2001; 28: 841–848 35. Alyea E, Weller E, Schlossman R et al. T-cell-depleted allogeneic bone marrow transplantation followed by donor lymphocyte infusion in patients with multiple myeloma: induction of graft-versus-myeloma effect. Blood 2001; 98: 934–939 36. Bensinger WI, Buckner CD, Anasetti C et al. Allogeneic marrow transplantation for multiple myeloma: an analysis of risk factors on outcome. Blood 1996; 88: 2787–2793 37. Giralt S, Aleman A, Anagnostopoulos A et al. Fludarabine/ melphalan conditioning for allogeneic transplantation in patients with multiple myeloma. Bone Marrow Transplant 2002; 30: 367–373 38. Kroger N, Schwerdtfeger R, Kiehl M et al. Autologous stem cell transplantation followed by a dose-reduced allograft induces high complete remission rate in multiple myeloma. Blood 2002; 100: 755–760 39. Buhler LH, Spitzer TR, Sykes M et al. Induction of kidney allograft tolerance after transient lymphohematopoietic chimerism in patients with multiple myeloma and end-stage renal disease. Transplantation 2002; 74: 1405–1409


politically dangerous to further 'tool up' the police without at the same time developing far clearer criteria for the use of force. But before we can get anywhere near developing such criteria we need a proper debate about the justification for force in the first place. Such a debate would, I think, lead in precisely the opposite direction from that which Waddington advocates. However, certain aspects of Waddington's analysis, and in particular his arguments for corporate responsibility, should be taken very seriously. Some of his specific arguments about types of weapons currently in use also deserve serious attention it is difficult to comment on these in the absence of far greater technical knowledge than I possess. Anyone concerned with the crucial questions of public order and the politics of the police should certainly read this book: but they should also subject its analysis to very careful scrutiny.


Forty-five wether goat kids (BW of 21.76 + 0.76) were randomly assigned to one of three production systems for 14 weeks to evaluate intake, digestibility and goat performance. Production systems were: 1) feedlot (FL), housed in individual pens and fed 40% protein pellets, 40% soybean hulls and 20% bermudagrass hay; 2) grazing continuously on 1 hectare bahiagrass pasture (BP) supplemented daily with 150 g of protein pellets/hd; and 3) browsing rotationally on 4, 0.5 hectare mimosa (MB) supplemented daily with 100 g cracked corn/hd. Body weights were recorded every two weeks. Feed intake and digestibility were measured on eight goats from each treatment groups. Goats were fitted with canvas fecal collection bags, allowed for 3 days of adjustments followed by 5 days of fecal collection. Feces, feed offered, pasture and browse samples were analyzed for acid insoluble ash to determine digestibility and predict intake. Rumen fluid and blood samples were collected to measure volatile fatty acids and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). Total feed and medication costs also were recorded. Goats on FL system gained faster (P 0.10) in butyrate and valerate. However, acetate: propionate was lower (P 0.10) BUN. Numerically, browse system was most cost effective and bahaigrass pasture was most expensive in terms of animal production.


Nucleic acid sequences, INCLUDING DNA sequences encoding all or part of the P53 PROTEIN RESPONSE AS PIGI DNA CONTAINING host cells expression vectors and methods for using these materials. The invention also concerns polypeptide molecules containing all or part of the protein P53 RESPONSE PIGI and methods for producing these polypeptide molecules.


Libraries and other public places with interactive computing devices, such as boarding pass printers at the airport and e-books at libraries, were avoided during the pandemic. A range of people avoids using public computing systems due to hygiene concerns. Introducing technology so users can interact with the computing device without physically touching their input devices might resolve the issue. However, proposing such a system can have major drawbacks, as the model will obey the movement of any hand it detects, which will ease the task of intrusion. In order to eliminate such drawbacks, the proposed system is designed to only obey the hand movements of a correct user by tracking the proximity between the user's face and all hands that the camera captures. The proposed system was aimed to be computationally inexpensive and accurate with the constraint to work upon the input of a single webcam or video input device, which doesn't necessarily need to be of high-definition configuration.


Feedback from participants showed that 15.9% of them were not satisfied with the given training services. The purpose of this study was to find out participants' satisfaction with the training service provided by the mining safety training providers. In this study, the applied data analysis techniques were the service quality (ServQual) model and importance-performance analysis (IPA) by comparing the perceptions and expectations desired. The total of respondents was 167 people who were participants of training organized by Inspirasi Safety from September to November 2020. The results of the ServQual analysis showed that, in the dimensions of reliability and responsiveness, they indicated a negative gap and the service rate of below 100%, meaning that, in these dimensions, the participants were not satisfied with the provided services. Meanwhile, for the dimensions of tangible, assurance, and empathy, the results indicated that participants were satisfied. In addition, the results of the importance-performance analysis indicated that the service criteria that need to be improved were the timeliness of starting and finishing the training and the fast response to participants' complaints. Furthermore, this study is expected to be able a suggestion for training providers to pay more attention to the service quality given to participants.


Abstract Given a positive integer n, a left R-module M is called n-coherent (resp. n-semihereditary) if every n-generated submodule of M is finitely presented (resp. projective). We investigate the properties of n-coherent modules and n-semihereditary modules. Various results are developed, many extending known results.


There is evidence that carcinoma in situ (CIS) is the precursor of invasive urothelial carcinoma, a tumour characterized by frequent gene promoter methylation. The timing of altered DNA methylation is unknown in this pathway. Here we investigate gene methylation in 196 consecutive samples of normal urothelium, CIS, and tumours from 104 patients with both CIS and invasive urothelial carcinoma using quantitative methyl‐sensitive polymerase chain reaction for six genes (p16, p14, E‐cadherin, RARβ2, RASSF1a, and GSTP1). Control normal urothelial samples from 15 patients with no history of urothelial carcinoma were also analysed. Immunohistochemistry established the expression of well‐characterized CIS markers p53 and cytokeratin 20. Promoter methylation occurred frequently in both normal urothelium and CIS samples from patients with urothelial carcinoma, and increased with progression from normal to invasive urothelial carcinoma, at both specific loci (χ2 test: E‐cadherin, p = 0.0001; RASSF1a, p = 0.003, RARβ2, p = 0.007, p16, p = 0.024) and in general (methylation indices [t‐test, p < 0.0001]). Methylation was associated with cytokeratin 20 expression (t‐test, p = 0.004) and poor prognosis, and with increased progression to tumour death in patients whose CIS samples showed methylation, in comparison with those without methylation (log rank p < 0.03). Promoter methylation occurs early in the urothelial carcinogenic pathway and appears to be a good biomarker of the invasive urothelial carcinoma phenotype. Copyright © 2006 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


In discussions on the bioethics of assisted reproduction, involuntary is increasingly understood as an illness worthy of treatment and indeed even treatable. This article first reflects how it has come about today that the medical means to artificially reproduce has become so self-evident. Further questions addressed are: how does the discussion of bioethics on reproductive technologies negotiate what is permissible, what is inadmissible, and what is in compliance? Considering these questions, various texts contributing to this debate have been analysed. As result, the main strategies for presenting or even disguising related problems associated to this discussion topic are then described.


The use of protonless 13C′–13C′ EXSY (COCO-EXSY) is proposed here to measure electron self-exchange rates. The experiment is compared to the commonly employed 1H and 15N EXSY experiments using as a reference system human cytochrome c. In COCO-EXSY, the exchange peaks are stronger than in the other experiments with respect to the self peaks and their intensity is less dependent on the choice of the EXSY mixing time. The use of 13C directed detection may be essential for all those cases where T2 relaxation is detrimental, as in the case of proteins containing highly paramagnetic metal centers, or rotating slowly in solution, or where the amide signals are difficult to detect due to chemical or conformational exchange. The proposed experiment has a general applicability and can be used to monitor exchange phenomena different from electron self-exchange.


This paper presents data collected from a recent NASA project that focuses specifically on finding suitable altematives to eutectic tin-lead solders, especially in solder paste applications.


This research purpose to learning problem solving length measurement using contextual learning models. The research was implemented on second grade students in one of in elementary school in Cimahi. The method used is a qualitative descriptive. The instruments used are, problem solving questions, interview orientation, observation sheets, and validated questionnaire. The problem solving analysis was obtained from the result of students' response/answer. We need to use questionnaire for getting informations from students' opinion. The result of the research test show that the condition of students using contextual learning models has a higher average, compared to the condition of students when they have not gotten contextual learning in learning problem solving skills. Additionally, there's a positive response to mathematics and an influence on students' mathematical problem solving abilities. It is recommended for educators to using the contextual learning model as one of the choice models in Mathematics subjects.


Motivated by observations of 3D island formation in a variety of experiments, we have carried out kinetic Monte Carlo simulations of a simplified model of 3D island growth with critical island size i = 1 (irreversible growth). Of particular interest are the exponents y1 and y ′ 1 describing the dependence of the submonolayer island-density in the pre-coalescence regime on dose and coverage respectively, as well as the exponent χ1 describing the dependence of the peak island density on the ratio D/F , where D is the monomer hopping rate and F is the (per site) deposition rate. We find that the values of y1 and y ′ 1 (e.g. y1 ≃ 0.24, y ′ 1 ≃ 0.32) are significantly lower than the standard rate-equation (RE) predictions (y1 = 1/3, y ′ 1 = 3/7 ≃ 0.43). This may be explained by the fact that, in contrast to the standard RE assumption of size-independent capture-numbers, for 3D islands the island-radius increases with the number of atoms in an island. Accordingly, the average capture-number increases with coverage, and as a result, the coverage-dependence of the island-density for 3D islands is intermediate between that for 2D islands (y1 = y ′ 1 = 0) and the standard RE prediction. As a result, the measured value of χ1 (χ ′ 1 ≃ 0.30) is slightly larger than the standard RE prediction (χ1 = 2/7 ≃ 0.29) but still lower than the value (χ1 = 1/3) for irreversible 2D island growth. For comparison with our simulations we also present self-consistent RE results for the island and monomer densities as a function of coverage, and excellent agreement is obtained without any adjustable parameters. Results for the scaled island-size distribution (ISD) for 2D and 3D irreversible island growth are also presented. Somewhat surprisingly, we find that there is very little difference between the scaled ISD for 3D islands and that for 2D islands. In addition to our simulation results, the scaling behavior of the 3D island density for general critical island-size i is also discussed. Our results suggest that while the exponent χi describing the flux-dependence of the peak island-density is the most accurate indicator, the exponent yi may also be useful to estimate the critical island-size i in submonolayer 3D growth.


Research on Terror Management Theory has shown that reminding individuals of their mortality leads them to intensify support for their culture, to decrease support for foreign cultures, or both. The present study extends this basic finding by examining a novel operationalization of cultural worldview defense, namely support for cultural artistic products in the form of contemporary popular music. The present study also examined the moderation of this effect by authoritarianism. Participants were randomly assigned to a mortality salience (MS) or a control condition and then evaluated excerpts from four songs: two each from their own and a foreign culture. Consistent with hypotheses, MS impacted the relative evaluation of the local vs. foreign music for individuals high in authoritarianism. Discussion focuses on mortality salience effects as a function of authoritarianism and artistic preferences as affirmation of cultural values.


In this work we present frame-level maximum mutual information (MMI) as a novel sequence discriminative training criterion for hybrid HMM-DNN acoustic models. Compared to the standard, sequence-level MMI criterion we show that frame-level MMI has increased robustness towards missing cross-entropy (CE) smoothing and can converge even without interpolation.Using model free optimization, we show that in the asymptotic case of an infinite amount of training data models trained using this criterion are equal to the true class posterior distribution, whereas training using the state-level minimum Bayes risk (sMBR) criterion leads to a distorted function of the true class posterior distribution. This analytical result is backed by experimental evidence.We further propose a generalized class of training criteria, that continuously interpolates between frame-level MMI and sMBR criterion.


Bicycle path capacity is of significance for bicycle facilities planning, design and management. With the rapid increase of electric bicycles (e-bikes), the heterogeneous traffic composed with conventional bikes and e-bikes, which use conventional bicycle path, will bring some efficiency issues. This paper proposed a method to derive bicycle path capacity by fitting a relationship between the three fundamental traffic variables: flow, speed, and density. The field data of eleven bicycle path sections were collected in Hangzhou, China in the case study. The results indicated that the mean capacity is about 2512 bicycles/h per meter, and the capacity per meter is not related to bicycle path width. Four important factors of mixed bicycle traffic, e-bikes percentage, male percentage, young rider percentage, and carrying things percentage were introduced to analyze their effect on capacity. It is found that the estimated bicycle path capacity will increase with the increase of the e-bikes percentage or the decrease of carrying things percentage. These findings are valuable to support future studies for design and management of bicycle path under the condition mixed with bicycles and e-bikes traffic flow.


Corallocytostroma ornicopreoides sp. nov. is described and illustrated from large (up to 3 cm diam.) conidiomata and sclerotia found on the living stems of four perennial grasses, Astrebla elymoides, A. pectinata, A. squarrosa and Dichanthium fecundum, in northern Western Australia and the Northern Territory. It is compared with Corallocytostroma oryzae, the only other species in the genus.


The multi-sensor micro-satellite imager (MSMI) programme is developing an imager suitable for microsatellites, with multi-spectral, hyperspectral and video detectors on the same focal plane of a single telescope. It also contains the mass memory and high speed data compression capability to store any combination of the above sensor outputs on board. The imager is designed as a standard payload for the African Resource Management (ARM) satellite constellation and will be test flown as part of the ZASat programme (as part of the South African Space programme). Consortium partners include universities, private companies and research councils in both South Africa and Flanders in Belgium. The MSMI has standardized and modularized components and communication systems, which allowed the re-use of sensors, processors and mass memory on imagers for other small satellites produced by SunSpace in association with Stellenbosch University. Ultimately this opens up the possibility of affordable satellite constellations that can deliver remote sensing data to commercial and science users more frequently.


The Minerva Tower is placed on the Punta Campanella promontory, which is the last offshoot of the Sorrentine Peninsula and seat of suggestive archaeological and mythological memories. The strategic position contributed, over the centuries, to the settlement of important architectures, such as the sanctuary dedicated to Athena and a Roman domus, which makes the area a complex and rich palimpsest of material stratifications. The Minerva Tower – that nowadays is the main landmark of the promontory – was built in 1334 in relation to the site of the temple of Athena but was completely transformed in 1566, as a consequence of the strengthening plan of the southern coasts which was planned by the Spanish viceroy Pedro Afan de Ribera Duke of Alcala. The paper deepens the knowledge of the tower by analyzing the transformations during the viceroyal period and highlighting  the changes and the hidden ancient traces which are preserved until today. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/FORTMED2015.2015.1772


Inverted pendulum is one of typical testing equipments in the research of automatic control engineering,and it is also a hot issue in the research of control engineering field.This paper reviews the applications of intelligent control theories for inverted pendulum,and then analyses their characteristics and relationships of those applications.Furthermore,the prospect of intelligent control theories for inverted pendulum is discussed here.


Abstract: Matchmaking between offers and requests is an essential mechanism inelectronic market places. Description Logics have been proposed as a appropriate fra-mework for representing offers and requests and standard methods from descriptionlogics reasoning have been proposed for computing matches. We argue that classicalreasoning is not well suited for realistic scenarios as it does not allow to compute par-tial matches and qualify the mismatch. We propose a more flexible approach for mat-ching complex product and service descriptions based on the notion of approximatesubsumption in expressive description logics and present a prototypical implementati-on of our matching system. 1 Motivation Asmoreandmorebusinessisperformedonline,theimportanceofelectronicmarketplaceswhere products and services are traded in a semi-automatic way is increasing steadily.One of the basic problems connected to an efficient use of electronic marketplaces is theproblem of matchmaking between offers for products or services and requests by potentialcustomers [Vei03]. Matchmaking tries to find offers that as closely meet the requirementsofarequesteraspossible.Thistaskisnon-trivialasinmanycases,itisnotpossibletofindperfect matches. In this situation, the matchmaking algorithm has to find 'good enough'offers. Determining which offers are 'good enough' often does not not only depend onoffer and request it self, but also on the preferences of the customer and the intended useof the product or service. This means that matching has to be customizable towards thespecific customer.Another challenge for successful matchmaking in electronic marketplaces is the need tointegrate heterogeneous product and service descriptions. As the representations used bydifferentparticipantsfortheirinternalpurposesareoftengearedtowardsthespecificneedsof the company and show little standardization across different enterprises. In order to beabletousethisinformationinmatchmaking,openstandardsforclassifyinganddescribingproducts have been developed that provide a common framework for describing productsand services by assigning products to product classes and by defining a number of pro-perties for describing the concrete offer in more details. Examples of such standards areeClass, UNSPSC and RosettaNet [HLS08].It has been argued that matchmaking in electronic markets can benefit from the use of


The vapor pressure of selenium was measured to ten atmospheres. The vapor density and latent heat of vaporization were calculated. (R.E.U.)


Clustering or grouping of similar objects is one of the most widely used procedures in data mining, which has received enormous attentions and many methods have been proposed in these recent decades. However these traditional clustering algorithms require all the data objects to be located at one single site where it is analyzed. And such limitation cannot face the challenge as nowadays monstrous sizes of data sets are often stored on different independently working computers connected to each other via local or wide area networks instead of one single site. Therefore in this paper, we propose a fully distributed clustering algorithm, called a fully distributed clustering based on fractal dimension (FDCFD), which enables each site to collaborate in forming a global clustering model with low communication cost. The main idea behind FDCFD is via calculating fractal dimension to group points in a cluster in such a way that none of the points in the cluster changes the cluster's fractal dimension radically. In our theoretical analysis, we will demonstrate that our approach can work very well for clustering data that is inherently distributed, collect information spread over several local sites to form a global clustering meanwhile without communication costs and delays for transmitting.


Investigation of the physical and mechanical properties of lunar soil carried out by the USSR and the USA; both in situ and on returned samples, has resulted in considerable information regarding the soil properties. This has permitted the development of lunar soil simulants for purposes of evaluating lunar technologies. Comparison tests among lunar soil simulants that have different granulometric composition have shown that there are significant variations in some soil properties. This fact could have a serious influence on the potential of lunar soil as a building material, and on the mechanical parameters related to lunar exploration and exploitation. These results also demonstrate the importance of further investigations, and the necessity of the development of soil simulants with specific properties. For future lunar surface mission planning, it is necessary to take into account the variety of the soil properties, and to develop new equipment for measuring in situ soil properties.


This paper, which is based on a paper read at the Conference on Industrial Hygiene of the Yugoslav Academy of Sciences and Arts, Zagreb, 1950, is a study of the physical theory underlying various methods of separating particles from gases. Emphasis is entirely on fundamental considerations which lead to formulae of value to those concerned with the design and engineering of separators. New theories of the conical elutriator, the cyclone, and of fibrous filtration are put forward, together with graphs and tables which enable them to be applied, without difficulty, to practical problems.


Epidemiologic evidence suggests coffee consumption to be associated with reduced risk due to certain diseases, including diabetes type 2, Parkinson, and cardiovascular disease or various types of cancer. In human interventions studies we investigated effects of regular coffee consumption on DNA integrity in peripheral white blood cells (WBC) by the comet assay. During four weeks, volunteers daily ingested three large cups (250 ml) of a specific coffee blend, rich in both, green bean constituents and roast products. Controls received the same volume of water. The results allow the conclusion that regular coffee consumption is associated with markedly reduced DNA strand breaks, reflecting total as well as background DNA damage. In a recently performed short term study, when volunteers consumed four cups of coffee (200 ml) every two hours the results showed a significant reduction of background DNA strand breaks in comparison to baseline. Interestingly, this DNA protective effect was detected already two hours after the first coffee consumption.
Taken together, our studies clearly showed that consumption of coffee reduces DNA damage in white blood cells of humans.


ABSTRACT The relation of knowledge for solving problems to understanding of general principles in a subject-matter domain is discussed. Theoretical representations, called "conceptual competence," are presented to represent principles that are believed to be understood implicitly by individuals. Implications for problem-solving procedures can be derived from these principles. In a task for which process models have been developed, the process models are related to the formulation of general principles that are reflected in the process. (Author/PN)


Backgrounds: Broiler chickens are high productivity livestock. To achieve this productivity, many farmers provide feed additives. Fermented milk is one of the feed additives given through drinking water. Providing feed additives, regularly, will affect the performance of these broilers. Purpose: To investigate the potential of providing fermented milk through drinking water on the performance of broiler chickens. Method: Direct observations and perform calculations on several aspects that support the research. Result: After making observations, it was known that there are differences in the starter phase and the finisher phase. The observation was carried out from the age of 0-27 days. Broiler performance determined by the parameters of feed consumption, chicken body weight, and feed conversion. Conclusion: The observation shows an increase in feed consumption. However, in feed conversion and body weight gain instability is caused by physical conditions, temperature, and palatability in each phase of the broiler chickens.


Abstract A second Cretaceous insect fossil known from New Zealand—the apical part of a sclerite from the abdomen of an adult lepidopterous insect—from Rakaia Gorge, Canterbury, is described. The fragment is interpreted as the broken off, apical part of the sacculus free arm of one of the paired valvae of the male genitalia of a species of Lepidoptera. Its affinities possibly lie with the subfamily Larentiinae of the family Geometridae and possibly with the genus Helastia Guenée.


This research note explores two inter-connected ideas. First, that the category of 'vulnerable' groups has expanded and has sometimes been used to exclude seldom heard groups from research. The underpinning protectionist polemic, whilst well-intended, has arguably led to disempowerment of the very groups they intended to safeguard. Learning lessons from advances in research with children can be utilised to develop a more inclusive and empowering approach with adults while simultaneously addressing safeguarding. Second, the note values the potential of using naturally occurring data as a mechanism for including vulnerable groups in research. An example is offered attending to frequently excluded inpatient voices in healthcare studies. The practical and ethical benefits of using naturally occurring data are explored for countering arguments against the inclusion of vulnerable groups using an example of autistic inpatient research from the UNITE study. Researchers are invited to make practical adjustments to maximise involvement opportunities, and a reminder that capacity to take part in research activity may be facilitated by these modifications. Naturally occurring data offer the possibility of understanding complex hospital practices without additional burdens of researcher-generated methods.


This paper will discuss innovative (capstone) projection environments at an IT and Electrical Engineering School. The overarching brief was to develop both more expansive and more immersive viewing and playing environments. Game courses were used as a springboard to extend the students' creative and critical design thinking in relation to wider interaction design issues. The imaginative combination of game engines and peripherals were also used as initial prompters to encourage students to go beyond current game theory definitions in an effort to explore how to increase the player's sense of embodiment and to transmit the player's experience of the gameplay to a wider audience. The prototypes are being incorporated into future versions of CaveUT to help educators develop more engaging and immersive interactive environments. Hopefully, the next version of CaveUT will also allow the players and the audience to more richly participate in the so-called "magic circle".


The aim of this paper is to identify the instructional design elements in eight multimedia materials that prompted the development of Informational literacy competencies during a MOOC. Multimedia material is analyzed from two perspectives: the principles of the Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning (CTML), and the instructional design applied in the seminary. The qualitative research was conducted through a case study methodology, applying documents analysis, interviews and observation, two constructs were studied: development of digital competencies, and elements of instructional design in multimedia. Findings showed that two principles from the CTML were relevant, coherence and personalization; and two others derived from the design of the MOOC: connectivism and active learning.


We propose a new hybrid (or morphological) generative model that decomposes a signal into two (and possibly more) layers. Each layer is a linear combination of localised atoms from a time-frequency dictionary. One layer has a low-rank time-frequency structure while the other as a sparse structure. The time-frequency resolutions of the dictionaries describing each layer may be different. Our contribution builds on the recently introduced Low-Rank Time-Frequency Synthesis (LRTFS) model and proposes an iterative algorithm similar to the popular iterative shrinkage/thresholding algorithm. We illustrate the capacities of the proposed model and estimation procedure on a tonal + transient audio decomposition example.


A scheme for designing a hierarchical fuzzy classification system with a different number of fuzzy partitions based on statistical characteristics of the data is proposed. To minimize the number of misclassified patterns in intermediate layers, a method of fuzzy partitioning from the defuzzified outputs of previous layers is also presented. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is demonstrated by comparing the results from five datasets in the UCI Machine Learning Repository.


A 29-year-old Hungarian woman was found to be double heterozygote for Hb O Arab and beta-thalassaemia. Haemolytic anaemia became manifest during her second pregnancy. In the course of genetic studies G-6-PD deficiency was also detected in the family. The patient originates from a North-Eastern part of Hungary which had been hydrogeologically isolated during past centuries.


Objective To detecte the awareness about tuberculosis information in flouting population in Yuhua district of Shijiazhuang city.Method To carry out questionnaire awareness investigation about tuberculosis information with random sampling in 220 floating population in Yuhua district of Shijiazhuang city.Results 202 questionnaires are collected from 220.Collected rate is 91.8%.The awareness about tuberculosis infoumation is 61.4%.There is statistical significance about the degree of education of the people.the awareness rate is 73.4% about the TB foundabout.Conclusions the degree of education of floating population is low comparatively.The awareness about tuberculosis information is low also.Education and propaganda for floating population should be strengthened.


In this paper two novel face detection methods based on different approaches are presented. The Morphological Elastic Graph Matching face detector uses some expert knowledge about a layout of the face and mutual relations between its most parts. It allows for accurate detection of frontal faces with some tolerance regrading view, in-plane rotation etc. but it is relatively slow. The high speed of the detector is a crucial parameter in many face detection applications, e.g. the face recognition. To this end the Central Two-step AdaBoost detector is presented which defines a cascade of the extended weak classifiers that accelerates the detection speed to a high degree.


Using a two‐term approximation to the kinetic equation, the generalized electron energy and momentum distribution which governs the electron transport and rate properties in nonideal plasma is analyzed. A class of general solutions of the equation is found in the model case which is widely used in semiconductor plasma. An equation that generalizes the well‐known Zeldovich‐Raizer quantum kinetic equation in the case of nonideal plasma is deduced. Explicit nonequilibrium solutions of this equation for the electron energy and momentum distribution function in a strong laser field are constructed.


Cannabis remains the most widely consumed drug of abuse in the world. With annual prevalence of consumption between 2.6 and 5.0 %, that represents an estimated consuming population of 119 to 224 million. The reasons for determining the use of drugs of abuse is embedded in forensics, detection and monitoring of consumption in the work environment, and as a tool for health professionals in monitoring the treatment of chemically dependent people. This work presents the evaluation of the levels of the drug excreted in urine using an analytical methodology developed for the simultaneous and fast investigation of the presence of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and its major metabolite, 11-nor-9-carboxy-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-COOH), in urine of drug users, using anion exchange resin anionic Dowex® and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Starting from the implementation of socio-economic survey found a pattern of multiple drugs users among those interviewed with a mean age of 38.22 years and earning up to four times the minimum wage. In 33% of patients, THC-COOH was detected above the cutoff value established by American guidelines. The results allowed to profile the user assisted in the health and evaluate urinary concentrations of the metabolite in the participating volunteers. The results allowed starting a discussion about urinary metabolite concentrations in patients on abstinence and the cutoff values practiced in this country. Key-words: Cannabis; Dronabinol/analogs & derivatives, Chromatography, Liquid; Ion Exchange Resins.


ABSTRACT A five-year retrospective study of "INVALID SAMPLE" screen messages obtained on the Intoxilyzer® 5000C from drinking drivers arrested in the City of Toronto was undertaken. There were 196 "INVALID SAMPLE" screen messages generated by 184 drivers and they could be classified as single or multiple occurrences and as to whether they were associated with the first or subsequent or multiple breath tests. The incidence was 1.7% of the total number of the drivers tested. Single "INVALID SAMPLE" screen messages (n=173) occurred with much greater frequency than multiple messages (n = 11). The distribution of single "INVALID SAMPLE" messages was nearly evenly divided, with 88 occurring prior to the first breath test and 85 prior to the second breath test. The time in police custody to the time of single "INVALID SAMPLE" message ranged from 27 to 223 minutes and from 59 to 199 minutes for multiple occurrences of "INVALID SAMPLE" messages. This time period precluded an exogenous mouth alcohol effect influencing the results. The time between the "INVALID SAMPLE" and the subsequent breath sample retest after single "INVALID SAMPLE" messages ranged from 2 to 61 minutes (mean 5 minutes), while the time period to retesting after multiple messages ranged from 3 to 65 minutes. The duplicate breath test results for all cases (single and multiple messages) were within 0.02 g/210L (truncated) and no third breath test was required. For breath tests that were conducted less than 20 minutes from the time of the "INVALID SAMPLE" screen message, no evidence of a mouth alcohol effect resulting in the next breath test being significantly higher due to mouth alcohol was observed. Although highly transient mouth alcohol cannot be excluded as the cause of the messages in this study, we provide evidence in support of the view that most of instances of "INVALID SAMPLE" screen messages are instead likely due to variation in the breath exhalation pattern of the drinking driver. Therefore, a mandatory 15 to 20 minute wait period following every occurrence of an "INVALID SAMPLE" message is not required, but only in those instances where the qualified breath technician has reasonable grounds to suspect that mouth alcohol may be a factor.


Planar holomorphic systems ẋ = u(x, y), ẏ = v(x, y) are those that u = Re(f) and v = Im(f) for some holomorphic function f(z). They have important dynamical properties, highlighting, for example, the fact that they do not have limit cycles and that center-focus problem is trivial. In particular, the hypothesis that a polynomial system is holomorphic reduces the number of parameters of the system. Although a polynomial system of degree n depends on n + 3n+ 2 parameters, a polynomial holomorphic depends only on 2n + 2 parameters. In this work, in addition to making a general overview of the theory of holomorphic systems, we classify all the possible global phase portraits, on the Poincaré disk, of systems ż = f(z) and ż = 1/f(z), where f(z) is a polynomial of degree 2, 3 and 4 in the variable z ∈ C. We also classify all the possible global phase portraits of Moebius systems ż = Az+B Cz+D , where A,B, C,D ∈ C, AD−BC 6= 0. Finally, we obtain explicit expressions of first integrals of holomorphic systems and of conjugated holomorphic systems, which have important applications in the study of fluid dynamics.


NASA-Ames' Vertical Motion Simulator (VMS) is a large motion amplitude manned simulator designed for investigation of landing, takeoff, and general handling qualities and control system development for STOL and VTOL aircraft. The VMS incorporates six degrees of freedom, a four-window computer-generated imagery (CGI) system, and interchangeable cabs. The CGI generates day and night scenes that can include moving objects on the ground and in flight. A project is now underway to upgrade the VMS for research on rotorcraft engaged in nap-of-the-earth flight missions.


Electron transfer from 2-alkyl- and 2,2-dialkyldioxolanes as well as from open-chain ketals to singlet excited benzene-1,2,4,5-tetracarbonitrile (TCNB) is foolowed by fragmentation of the donors radical cation to yield alkyl radicals and dialkoxy carbocations. The first species are trapped by TCNB to yield alkylbenzentricarbnitriles (substitution of a secon syano group can be obtained sequentially) and in a minor path are reduced to alkanes, while the latter ones react with nucleophiles to give ortho acide derivates


When very large operators walk away from recoverable reserves, opportunities can be created for the smart and the quick. Rick von Flatern looks at the idea of operator as minimalist.


Unconjugated nanoparticles used in the treatment of cancer and various metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders exhibit extended blood circulation time, inhibition of enzymatic degradation, and increased chemical stability of the encapsulated therapeutic molecules. However, the unconjugated nanoparticles often show off-target effects and lack of specificity, which limit their applications in the healthcare system.

Curcumin, a polyphenolic compound known for its proficiency to scavenge reactive oxygen species attributed to antioxidant activity and anticancer effects associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, is one of the most effective therapeutic agents. Therefore, with respect to chemotherapeutic strategies, the development of mitochondrial targeting curcumin nanoparticles for target-specific drug delivery has been extensively studied.

The present review has focused on diverse curcumin-loaded nanoparticles targeting mitochondria along with their improved delivery potential, enhanced localization and biodistribution profile.


The objective of this work was to determine the prevalence of the C-duct system and its variations in mandibular second molars in the Trujillo population.
235 permanent lower molar seconds were evaluated from the database of a diagnostic imaging center. An axial scan was done using the Romexis Viewer software to develop the measurement of the variable of images obtained by the Planmeca ProMax 3D equipment (Helsinki, Finland) whose standard image size is 80 x 80mm. And an isotropic voxel size of 0.4 x 0.4 x 0.4mm. The tomographic volumes were evaluated, and the presence and location of the C-ducts were recorded according to Melton's classification.
The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and for the gender variable the Chi Square distribution with a 5% level of significance was used. It was found that 29.8% have a C-duct, of which more than half (65.7%) present it bilaterally. Type I in the cervical third was the most prevalent with 52.9% and 51.4% and type III in the middle third with 51.4% 45.7% on the right and left side respectively. The female gender was the most prevalent with 17.4%, with no significant difference.


2018, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 150–156 150 Introduction Practical business shows that many IT initiatives that require significant changes in the existing Enterprise Architecture (EA) are not implemented. According to many experts, one of the obvious reason for this is the interaction between developers and stakeholders and the presence of a "human factor" [1–3]. In the theory of stakeholders it is noted [4] that managers of various departments (under the department is understood operationally independent functional units of the enterprise) are inclined to focus on achieving their own local goals, and only after them on the global goals of the whole enterprise. Mismatch for the purposes of different stakeholders is a source of conflict [5]. To prevent the conflict just an exchange of information between the stakeholders involved in the implementation of the project is not sufficient, stakeholders are jointly to choose and assess the proposed distribution of benefits from implementation. Thus, in this article, we hypothesize that before launching an IT project of implementing an economically reasonable IT solution, each coalition of stakeholders involved in project development should be acquainted with the benefits that they receive after implementing the solutions. This will contribute to avoiding the difficulties caused by the opportunistic behaviour of some stakeholders who are dissatisfied with the launch of EA development projects. The task of ensuring the alignment of interests within the stakeholder group in a new architectural solution (AS) selecting process and adopting it in implementation in the existing IT architecture is reduced to the tasks of an integrated assessment of the benefits from implementation and their subsequent distribution among the involved departments in the organization. This problem can be solved using the methods of game theory through modelling socioeconomic systems when making decisions or distributing costs / benefits as the game theory methods allow finding equilibrium states and effective distributions in situations of randomness, incompleteness of information and uncertainty, contradiction and conflict of interests. DOI: 10.14529/ctcr180316


This study examined the effect on trust and corporate image on customer loyalty Lion air in the city of Padang with customer satisfaction as an intervening variable, respondents of this study are customers Lion air in the city of Padang. With the sample size is 80 respondents, technical samples was purposive sampling method. Data were collected through questionnaires given directly to the respondents. The method used is descriptive analysis and inferential analysis using multiple linear regression, simple linear regression and Regression hirereical. The results of this study found that, hypothesis testing that trust and significant effect on customer loyalty, trust and corporate image have a significant effect on customer satisfaction, customer satisfaction significantly influence customer loyalty, customer satisfaction have a significant effect as an intervening variable between trust and customer loyalty and significantly affect customer satisfaction as an intervening variable between corporate image and customer loyalty. Keywords : Trust, corporate image, customer satisfaction, customer loyalty.


The future of lucid dreaming treatment : Commentary on "The neurobiology of consciousness: Lucid dreaming wakes up" by J. Allan Hobson


Direct numerical simulations at 2563 resolution have been carried out to study the response of isotropic turbulence to the concurrent effects of solid-body rotation and stochastic, isotropic forcing at the large scales. Because spectral transfer to the smaller scales is weakened by rotation, energy input from forcing gradually builds up at the large scales, causing the overall kinetic energy to increase. At intermediate wave numbers the energy spectrum undergoes a transition from a limited k−5/3 inertial range to k−2 scaling recently predicted in the literature. Although the Reynolds stress tensor remains approximately isotropic and three-component, evidence for anisotropy and quasi-two-dimensionality in length scales and spectra in different velocity components and directions is strong. The small scales are found to deviate from local isotropy, primarily as a result of anisotropic transfer from the large scales. To understand the spectral dynamics of this flow, we study the detailed behavior of nonlinear...


The recent miniaturization and increased complexity of electrical devices have increased the influence of impurities on device performance, especially the influence of small conductive particles with a size on the order of micrometers. Therefore, the inspection of devices during the manufacturing process has become important. In this study, changes in the resonance properties of a microwave cavity were used to detect a metal particle. The decrease in the resonant frequency for a 100‐µm stainless steel sphere was about 0.1 MHz, which was less than 1 ppm of the resonant frequency used. This frequency change is too small to detect directly in the output of a particle detector. Transmission measurements (the scattering parameter S21) at a frequency that was a few megahertz higher than the resonant frequency where the S21 changes sharply were used to magnify signal changes resulting from the introduction of a small conductive particle. A resonant frequency of 13.3 GHz and a frequency 3 MHz higher were chosen for obtaining measurements in the present study. By applying a filtering technique, it was shown that the minimum detectable sphere size is around 50 µm. This sensitivity was experimentally shown to be uneven along the long axis of the cavity. The unevenness was related to the electrical field strength of the standing wave at the resonant frequency. For practical industrial inspection of devices, multiple frequencies should be employed in view of the present discussion. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 186(2): 61–67, 2014; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.22490


The aim of this article is to examine the relationship between intellectual capital (IC) and market value added (MVA) in Tehran Stock Exchange. In this research, the intellectual capital was measured from two aspects (efficiency and value). To measure IC efficiency the value added intellectual coefficient (VAIC) method and to evaluate IC value the calculated intangible value (CIV) method was used. The relationship between IC and MVA was investigated through panel data and by using static models, dynamic, estimation methods of fixed Effects and Random Effects. While the effect of calculated intangible value (CIV) and VAIC and its components [Human capital Efficiency (HCE), structural capital Efficiency (SCE), capital Employed Efficiency (CEE)] on MVA was investigated individually and independently, the results of statistical tests indicated that separate from size of firm and financial leverage (LEV), VAIC and its components have a significant and positive relationship with MVA. In investigating the simultaneous effect of CIV and components of VAIC on MVA of firm, the result of statistical tests indicated that separate from size of firm and financial leverage, SCE only in firm fixed effect model and


We have developed a copper vapor laser based mimmachining system using advanced beam quality control and precision wavehnt tilting technologies. Precision micmddlhg has been demonstrated through percussion drilling and trepanning using this system. With a 30-W copper vapor laser running at multi-kHz pulse repetition fnquency, ,straight parallel holes with size varying from 500 mimns to less than 25 mimns and with aspect ratio up to 1:40 h v e been consisteatly drilled with good surface finish on a variety of metals. Micmrdhg and micmchilkg on d c s using a 250-W copper vapor laser have also been demonstrated with good result Ma~ographic sections of machined parts show littie (submicron scale) recast layer and heat affected zone.


We can observe a growing discrepancy between the increasingly subtle analyses of education historians offer in order to explain the past and the over-simplicity of reference points used by memorial vulgate to situate contemporary education in relationship to this very same past. This article offers some explanations of this discrepancy. They relate to the recent upheavals within the educational system, the conditions under which education historians operate, and the evanescence of two longstanding paradigmatic analytical frameworks – social classes and the nation.


The articles are collected from twelvejournals in the field, 5 from U.S.A., one each from England, Belgium, Norway, Australia, Italy, South Africa and Argentina. The International Advisory Board is similarly represented. It is difficult to review this kind of book which in fact is a collection of articles with an appended editorial comment attached to each. One is left to make some general comments about the quality of papers, some specific comments about a few papers and some overall comments about the editorial process. First, in the editorial process, Dr. Kaslow is to be commended for what she has attempted here, however, I personally feel that it is premature and perhaps slightly grandiose to call such a book "The International Book of Family Therapy". On a purely factual basis it is representing mainly the U.S.A. and at best some parts of the western world. A more modest title would have been more appropriate. In the U.S.A., as well, one wonders why Family Process, one of the pioneeringjournals in the field, is not represented. I fear that the Cosmic Book of Family Therapy is not far behind. Secondly, the fact that the editor's own papers are selected as the first and last, and her daughter's as the middle papers recognizes her editorial right but decreases the book's impact. For instance with three papers between them, it means that she and her daughter make up ten to twelve percent of the best international papers in the field? Thirdly, the editorial comments are mainly just repeat summaries of the articles which only add something on a few occasions. With this said, however, the book does indeed contain a useful collection of articles that I feel makes it worthwhile owning. All of the included articles are well written and range from average to superior in quality. In particular I found the article by Charny from Israel on the "Personal and Family Mental Health of Family Therapists" very useful. His work clearly outlines the risks and challenges,of the work. His idea of systematic therapy for therapists is probably not agreeable to many in the field but is interesting food for thought. The article by Badaracco from Argentina on the "Family as the Real Context of All Psychotherapeutic Process" is a strong attempt to integrate individual and family work; something all therapists need to continue to struggle with. The article by Lang from Australia on "Bad Therapy A Way of Learning" introduced a particularly intriguing way to help students force themselves from traps in the learning process. In summary I found the book useful to get a perspective on the work going on in some other western countries but would have liked to have seen a different title and larger sections on research and training. This probably still reflects the immaturity of the field. Overall, I give the book fairly high marks with the provisos mentioned and feel it might be both a useful beginning book to introduce Someone to the field and could serve as a useful addition to an institutional library. The book is well laid out and free of production errors.


In practice, environmental informatics involves a com-bination of computers, computation, mathematical modelling, and system science to address real-world environmental pro-blems. This special issue includes a number of applied computational analytics papers that either create new methods or provide innovative applications of existing methods for assis-ting with environmental decision-making applications using informatics. In line with the aims and scope of the special issue, the diversity of applications in the papers highlights a wide spectrum of both practical relevance and methodological contributions to research in environmental decision-making and analysis. The contributions contained in this issue all demon-strate novel approaches of computational analytics as applied to environmental decision-making – be this on the side of modelling, computational solution procedures, visual analytics, and/or technologies. to ,


--- This research called "The Integral Management as a Factor in SENATI Institutional Competitiveness", was born in response to a concern for institutional, strategic, preventing SENATI be a pioneer in the training of professionals in the industrial sector.

In this research, the proposed implementation of an Integrated Management System for effect of raising the level of competitiveness in the National Service for Industrial Training (SENATI) by creating a scorecard or board analyzes Balanced Control (BSC), it will allow the proper routing of the strategic plan and organizational objectives SENATI to become a pioneering institution of higher education in Latin America.

The implementation of this proposal will depend on the decision of the directors of SENATI.


We present a sensitive method for detection of ultra-low oxygen concentrations based on the fluorescence blinking dynamics of single molecules. The relationship between the oxygen concentration and the fraction of time spent in the off-state, stemming from the population and depopulation of triplet states and radical cationic states, can be fitted with a two-site quenching model in the Stern-Volmer plot. The oxygen sensitivity is up to 43.42 kPa−1 in the oxygen partial pressure region as low as 0.01–0.25 kPa, which is seven times higher than that of the fluorescence intensity indicator. This method avoids the limitation of the sharp and non-ignorable fluctuations that occur during the measurement of fluorescence intensity, providing potential applications in the field of low oxygen-concentration monitoring in life science and industry.


We consider risk-sensitive Markov decision processes (MDPs), where the MDP model is influenced by a parameter which takes values in a compact metric space. We identify sufficient conditions under which small perturbations in the model parameters lead to small changes in the optimal value function and optimal policy. We further establish the robustness of the risk-sensitive optimal policies to modeling errors. Implications of the results for data-driven decision-making, decision-making with preference uncertainty, and systems with changing noise distributions are discussed.


Technological conversion, political interests and Business drivers has triggered a means, to establish individual characterization and personalization. People started raising concerns on multiple identities managed across various zones and hence various solutions were designed. Technological advancement has brought various issues and concerns around Identity assurance, privacy and policy enabled common Authentication framework. A compressive framework is needed to established common identity model to address national needs like standards, regulation and laws, minimum risk, interoperability and to provide user with a consistent context or user experience.
This document focuses on Transformation path of identity stone age to Identity as in state. It defines a digital identity zone model (DIZM) to showcase the Global Identity defined across the ecosystem. Also, provide insight of emerging Technology trend to enable Identity assurance, privacy and policy enabled common Authentication framework.


Bibliometric analysis has emerged as a crucial instrument for interdisciplinary scholars who aim to comprehend the complex terrain of scientific knowledge. The current study employed a bibliometric analysis to scrutinise bibliometric publications by Malaysian authors. The bibliometric datasets utilised in this study were collected from the Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases. The obtained datasets were subjected to analysis and visualisation through the utilisation of ScientoPy and VOSviewer. The results suggest that Malaysian authors have actively participated in producing bibliometric papers in both Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus databases. Ahmi A. from Universiti Utara Malaysia and Lim W.M. from the Swinburne University of Technology, Sarawak, have published 27 and 25 works, making them the most prolific authors. The terms "CiteSpace", "artificial intelligence", "PRISMA", "machine learning", "systematic literature review", "Biblioshiny", "Bibliographic coupling", and "performance analysis" have garnered significant attention in academic circles in 2022. This study presented that India and the United Kingdom exhibit parity in co-author affiliations with Malaysian authors. The most commonly employed author keywords by previous researchers were "bibliometric analysis", "research evaluation", "scientometrics", "citation analysis", and "co-authorship analysis". Future research endeavours could concentrate on delving deeper into these subjects and scrutinising novel topics and domains of interest in bibliometric analysis.


Let f: M -M be a self-map of a hyperbolic surface with boundary. The Nielsen number, N(f), depends only on the induced map f# of the fundamental group, which can be viewed as a free group on n generators, al,...,an. We determine conditions for fixed points to be in the same fixed point class and if these conditions are enough to determine the fixed point classes, we say that f# is W-characteristic. We define an algebraic condition on the f# (ai) and show that "most" nmaps satisfy this condition and that all maps which satisfy this condition are W-characteristic. If f# is Wcharacteristic, we present an algorithm for calculating N(f) and prove that the inequality JL(f) x(M)l < N(f) x(M) holds, where L(f) deno-tes the Lefschetz number of f and x(M) the Euler characteristic of M, thus answering in part a question of Jiang and Guo.


Pot experiment was carried out to study turf quality and soil fertility of Zoysia japonica L.under different fertilization treatments.The results showed that there were significant difference in leaf chlorophyll and ground dry biomass between different fertilizer treatments.The turf quality of the combination N1/2F1 was the best,the combination N1F1 was better,with respect to the turf color,density,texture and growth rate.Compared to the soil fertility before the experiment,the organic matter of the soil grassed increased,while the soil available nitrogen and potassium decreased.The organic matter,available nitrogen and potassium of the soil fertilized were lower than that of the controlled,but there was no significant difference between different fertilizer treatments.


Several paradigms of quantum computing are considered. Quantum computer simulators are de-scribed. Models of learning quantum systems from experiments are considered. Quantum speed-up limitation in two-level systems (qubit) is discussed. The approaches to the formation of a quantum variational intrinsic solver are considered.


A concrete beam string structure relates to the technical field of constructional engineering. The technical problem to be solved in the utility model is to promote the span of the concrete beam. The structure comprises a concrete beam and a pre-stressing tendon, wherein two ends of the concrete beam are fixed on a grounded upright column; two upright support rods are arranged under the concrete beam; the upper ends of the two upright support rods are rigidly connected or hinged with the concrete beam; the pre-stressing tendon is penetrated through the lower ends of the two upright support rods; and the two ends thereof are respectively anchored on the two ends of the concrete beam through a tensioning anchor. The structure of the utility model can meet the demand of bearing capability of long-span buildings.


This paper presents some practical imp lications of a theoretical web desktop analysis and addresses microposts in the Social Web contextual sense and their role contributing diverse information to the Web as part of informal and semi -formal communication and social activities on Social Networking Sites (SNS). We reflect upon and present the most pervasive and relevant socio -communication function of an online presence on microposts and social networks: the phatic communication function. Although some theorists such as Malinowski say these micro posts have no practical information value, we argue that they have semantic and social value for the interlocutors, determined by socio -technological and cultural factors such as online presence and social awareness. We investigate and offer new implicatio ns for emerging social and communication dynamics formed around microposts, what we call here Ophatic postsO. We suggest that apparently trivial uses and features of SNS actually play an important role in setting the social and informational context of the rest of the conversation - a OphaticO function - and thus that these phatic posts are key to the success of SNS.


Abstract Four treatments were evaluated during 1997 and 1998 to determine the effects of pesticides on coccinellid densities: (1) untreated control, (2) foliar applications of a systemic insecticide, imidacloprid (Provado 1.6 F), when spray thresholds of aphid numbers were exceeded in all plots, (3) weekly foliar applications of a fungicide, chlorothalonil (Bravo 720), and (4) weekly foliar applications of imidacloprid (Provado 1.6 F). The coccinellids observed in Georgia cotton during the study included Hippodamia convergens Guérin-Méneville, Scymnus spp., Harmonia axyridis (Pallas), Coccinella septempunctata L., and Coleomegilla maculata (Mulsant). During 1997, H. convergens and Scymnus spp. comprised 75 and 15%, respectively, of all coccinellids observed during the study. During 1998, Scymnus spp. comprised 44% of all coccinellids, and H. convergens comprised 33%. Coccinellid population densities closely tracked those of cotton aphids during both years. Cotton aphid and coccinellid densities were greatest in the chlorothalonil treatment during both years of the study. In functional feeding response experiments, fourth-instar and adult Scynmus creperus exhibited a type II functional response to A. gossypii density under laboratory conditions. Fourth instars exhibited a higher search rate and shorter handling time than adult S. creperus. Collectively, coccinellids are a valuable component of the cotton aphid's natural enemy complex.


This article reports a study about student ratings of professors (sometimes called "student evaluations of teaching"). Survey respondents were teachers of legal writing in U.S. law schools. Their advice about improving teaching included being prepared for class, respecting the students, and caring about the students. Advice tailored specifically to the student ratings included being "upbeat," not giving grades before the students complete the evaluation forms, and laying groundwork before presenting unpopular topics. The article also includes references to biases and negative effects of student ratings.


SLTHOUGH canoe travel in the open ocean between islands has been characteristic of all cultures in Oceania, and indeed was necessary for the population of the islands, only in Micronesia were long voyages made in sailing canoes. In Polynesia, for example, such trips required large crews of paddlers; the wind was used only to help the craft along when it blew in an appropriate direction. Long journeys were therefore feasibly organized only by persons able to command the services of a substantial number of people. In Micronesia, in contrast, four or five men could readily man a sailing canoe and travel where or when they wished. At the present time, sailing canoes suitable for long trips remain in use only in the small islands of the Caroline group scattered widely over the ocean from Truk westward. The language and culture found on these islands relate them clearly to Truk, whereas most of them fell historically under the hegemony of Yap to the west-a tie which Lessa (1956) has demonstrated is by no means completely extinct. Both Truk and Yap possess volcanic soils which can support crops impossible of cultivation on the sandy coral islets which lie between. Trade therefore provided the impetus for travel to and from the high islands, and there was in addition considerable social visiting back and forth between all the islands. Some voyages, apparently of exploration, have also been recorded extending over hundreds of miles to Guam and even remoter islands. Trips of up to 200 miles or so are still made, although with reduced frequency. Canoes are also used on a few islands other than those mentioned above for interisland, but essentially local, travel to Truk and Ponape. It is my intention here to discuss briefly the combination of factors, none of them unique in themselves, without which this type of travel would probably not be possible. We shall consider canoe design, navigation, personality structure, and social organization. It is my thesis that we cannot fully understand the development of this or probably many other forms of travel without taking into account the combined effect of all of these aspects of the problem. For sailing across the open ocean a small craft must possess two crucial design characteristics. First, it must have a minimum, and predictable, tendency to slip or drift sideways with the wind; in other words, it must be inherently capable of countering the sideways push of the wind by a counterpressure generated by the travel of the hull through the water. Otherwise it would only sail a straight course when the wind happened to be astern. This counter-pressure generated by the hull must also increase automatically when the wind pressure increases, so that the helmsman does not have to guess at a


Automotive radars could have a pivotal role in human-machine interfaces thanks to their ability to monitor human activity and physiological state in a contactless way. Nowadays, data-driven models, such as deep learning approaches, are the needed cutting-edge technology to achieve appropriate results in the classification of activities. One of the issues in the literature is the identification of walking patterns from the radar acquisition and doing so in real-time would be beneficial to give instant feedback to the user. For this reason, we propose a model composed of a Convolutional Neural Network followed by a bidirectional Long-Short Term Memory for the classification of the range-Doppler-time data obtained from radar acquisition. The approach reaches at least a 90% f1 score for the abnormal walking patterns class observing just one gait cycle or one second of acquisition and it is a perfect anomaly detector with 2.6 seconds of acquisition time. Instead, to achieve good accuracy on the classification of all the classes we need a larger window of observation with an overall accuracy of 89.1% for 8 seconds and 95.6% for the complete acquisition, lasting 12 to 16 seconds.


Date Presented 04/02/2022
 This qualitative study found that Level II OT fieldwork students (N = 14) perceived that role-emerging placements are beneficial in terms of preparing for the profession across settings. In fact, these students noted that they acquired soft and hard skills in this setting that they would not have acquired in a traditional fieldwork setting.
 Primary Author and Speaker: Alexis Morales
 Additional Authors and Speakers: Marie-Christine Potvin, Mika Kalimi
 Contributing Authors: Erin West


Based on the research of teaching quality evaluation,the thesis designs software model of teaching quality evaluation system,and verifies the feasibility of applying SSH framework in it.The research also applies the object-relational mapping and reverse engineering in the teaching quality evaluation system and makes the UML-based system model development become true.The thesis puts forward an idea of appying UML and rapid prototyping approach in system modeling.The software model achieves the main functions of teaching quality evaluation system and practises applying software-aided development tool in the teaching quality evaluation system.


Acute hypotensive effects and the mechanisms of three (3-adrenergic blocking drugs with a-blocking activity were studied in comparison with those of prazosin, propranolol and hydralazine in the conscious spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). Prazosin lowered the blood pressure dose-dependently and inhibited the pressor response to phenylephrine. Three E3-adrenergic blocking drugs with a-blocking activity, labetalol (30 mg/kg), arotinolol (100 mg/kg) and nipradilol (100 mg/kg) also lowered the blood pressure to the same extent as prazosin (0.3 mg/kg), but the inhibition of the pressor response to phenylephrine produced by them was disproportionately slight. Propranolol (100 mg/kg) did not lower the blood pressure. These results suggest that the acute hypotensive effects of three f -adrenergic blocking drugs with a-blocking activity were attributable only partially to the a-adrenergic blocking effect; a mechanism or mechanisms other than the a-adrenergic blocking effect must be invoked to explain the acute hypotensive effect produced by lower doses of these drugs in the conscious SHR. The use of (3-adrenergic blocking drugs for the anti-hypertensive therapy has been established in the last two decades. Recently a new type of (3-adrenergic blocking drug has been introduced that possesses certain phar macological features other than the (3 adrenergic blocking effect and exhibits the acute hypotensive effect in experimental animals. The acute hypotensive effects of labetalol, a representative ,3-adrenergic blocking drug with an a-adrenergic blocking property, was ascribed to its a-adrenergic blocking property (1 ). However, we found a (3-adrenergic sympathomimetic action in this compound (2, 3) which might play a role in the acute hypotensive effect. Arotinolol (4, 5) and nipradilol (6) are r3-blockers that have also been reported to possess a weak a adrenergic blocking effect and to exhibit an acute hypotensive effect in animals. These compounds have also been shown to have vasodilatory effects (6, 7). The aim of the present study is to clarify the degree of con tribution of the a-adrenergic blocking effect to the acute hypotensive effect of these a blockers in the conscious spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). Materials and Methods Male SHRs (8-10W) purchased from Charles River Japan, Inc. were fed on a standard laboratory diet (Oriental, MF) and tap water ad libitum until 12 weeks old under a controlled light-dark cycle at constant temperature (22-25'C). Each animal was chronically implanted with aortic and venous cannula into the right femoral artery and vein, respectively, according to the method of Weeks and Jones (8). Briefly, under ether anesthesia, a cannula prepared by con necting polyethylene tubes, PEI 0 and PE20 (Clay Adams), was inserted into the abdominal aorta via the right femoral artery, guided under the skin of the back and exteriorized at the neck. To prevent coagu lation, the cannula was filled with heparin (1,000 unit/ml, Novo-Kodama) and stop pered. Likewise, a cannula filled with diluted heparin (50 unit/ml) was inserted into the right femoral vein. Each animal received subcutaneous injection of penicillin G (1,000 units, Meiji). Animals were housed individually and accustomed to the measure ment of blood pressure and injection of catecholamines under conscious and unres trained condition for four days after the surgery. Five days later, animals were treated orally with either vehicle (0.5% carboxy methylcelIulose) or drugs. The arterial blood pressure and the heart rate were recorded before and 1, 4, 8 and 24 hr after the drug administration. Noradrenaline (1 ;cg/kg) and phenylephrine (1 /cg/kg) were injected into the femoral vein via venous cannula to observe the responses in the mean blood pressure. Animals were repeatedly used after the recovery period of two days or more. The arterial blood pressure was recorded by means of a pressure transducer (P50, Statham Instrument), a carrier amplifier (RP 5, Nihon Kohden) and a recorder (WTR-281, Watanabe). The heart rate was counted continuously with a pulse rate tachometer (RT-5, Nihon Kohden) triggered by the arterial pressure pulses. The following drugs were used in this experiment: d,l-noradre naline (Sankyo), phenylephrine hydrochloride (Kowa), isoproterenol hydrochloride (Nikken Chemicals), propranolol hydrochloride (Sumitomo Chemicals), prazosin hydro chloride (Taito-Pfizer), labetalol hydro chloride (Shinnihonjitsugyo), arotinolol hydrochloride (S-596, dl-2 (3'-t-butyl amino-2'-hydroxypropylthio)-4 (5' carbamoyl-2'-thienyl) thiazole hydrochloride, Sumitomo Chemicals), nipradilol (K-351, 3,4 dihydro-8-(2-hydroxy-3-isopropylamino propoxy)-3-nitroxy-2H-1 -benzopyran, Kowa) and hydralazine hydrochloride (Dow Lepetit, Japan). Data are presented as the mean±S.E. Differences were evaluated for statistical significance by the paired t-test in comparison with each control value before treatment. P values less than 0.05 were taken to be significant. Results The mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate of the control rat were 178±2 mmHg and 416±12 beats/min (n=16) in this experi mental condition. Phenylephrine injected via intravenous cannula produced the elevation in mean blood pressure in a dose-dependent manner at 0.1-3 jog/kg and the arrhythmias at levels above 3 ,,/g /kg. The pressor response of the control rat to 1 /cg/kg of phenylephrine were 17.1 ±1.2 mmHg (n=1 6). As shown in Fig. 1, the treatment of the animals with vehicle did not result in a change in the mean arterial blood pressure and the pressor response to phenylephrine for at least 4 hr. There was a fall of the mean arterial blood pressure at 8 hr after the treatment. Therefore, effects of drug treatment were evaluated during the initial 4 hr period after administration of the drugs. As shown in Fig. 1, oral administration of prazosin (0.3 mg/kg), labetalol (30 mg/kg) and hydralazine (3 mg/kg) resulted in an acute hypotersive effect. Prazosin lowered the blood pressure by about 30 mmHg and inhibited the pressor response to phenylephrine by 80 to 100%. Labetalol lowered the blood pressure to the same extent, but inhibited the pressor response to phenylephrine by about 45% as shown in Fig. 1. Hydralazine lowered the blood pressure without affecting the pressor response to phenylephrine. The hypotensive effects equal to that produced by labetalol was observed after the treatment of the animals with arotinolol (Fig. 2) or nipradilol (Fig. 3) at the dose of 100 mg/kg. However, the inhibition of the pressor response to phenylephrine was less marked than in the case of labetalol. The lower dose of arotinolol and nipradilol exhibited a definite hypo tensive effect without affecting the pressor response to phenylephrine. As shown in a previous report from this laboratory (9), nipradilol unlike arotinolol or labetalol is not an a, -selective blocker. Therefore, to exclude the possibility that the preferential inhibition of a2-receptor induced by the lower dose of nipradilol was overlooked in the experiments with phenylephrine, the effects of lower doses of nipradilol on the pressor response to noradrenaline were also studied. There was Fig. 1. Hypotensive (left side) and a-blocking (right side) effects of prazosin, labetalol and hydralazine in the conscious SHR. a-Adrenergic blocking effect was assessed by the extent of inhibition of the pressor response to phenylephrine (1 ,tg/kg, i.v.). Statistical significances from the control value were denoted by *P<0.05, **P<0.01 and ***P<0.001 (vs. before drug, paired t-test). Numbers in the parentheses are the numbers of experiments. Fig. 2. Hypotensive (left side) and a-blocking (right side) effects of arotinolol, 30 mg/kg and 100 mg/ kg, in the consious SHR. a-Adrenergic blocking effect was assessed by the extent of inhibition of the pressor response to phenylephrine (1 ug/kg, i.v.). Statistical significances from the control value were denoted by *P<0.05, **P<0.01 and ***P<0.001 (vs. before drug, paired t-test). Numbers in the parentheses are the numbers of experiments. no significant inhibition of the noradrenaline pressor response (data not shown). On the other hand, the blood pressure lowering effects of prazosin, which were seen at doses higher than 0.01 mg/kg, were always associated with the inhibition of the pressor response to phenylephrine. Figure 4 depicts the correlation between the degree of hypo tension and the degree of inhibition against the pressor response to phenylephrine observed at 1 hr after administration of either dose of prazosin. As we presumed that the hypotensive effect of prazosin is proportional to the a-adrenergic blockade produced by this compound, a null hypothesis that the regression line connecting the data points of prazosin passes through the origin of the Cartesian coordinates was tested according to the method of Snedecor and Cochran (10). Since it was proved that the above hypo thesis was not denied (t=0.24500), the regression line: Y=0.5469 (±0.1983)X was drawn in Fig. 4. The numbers in the paren theses represent the confidence limits at P<0.05. The points obtained at 1, 4, 8 and 24 hr after administration of prazosin (0.3 mg/kg) also lay on a straight line (data not shown). On the other hand, the points for labetalol (30 mg/kg), arotinolol (100 mg/ kg) and nipradilol (100 mg/kg) were distributed above the line in the third quadrant as shown in Fig. 4. The points for the lower dose of arotinolol and nipradilol and for hydralazine lay on the abscissa. As shown in Fig. 5, acute hypotensive effect was not observed at 1, 4 and 8 hr after propranolol (100 mg/kg, p.o.), although propranolol completely abolished the de pressor response to isoproterenol (0.3 ug/kg, i.v.). Fig. 3. Hypotensive (left side) and a-blocking (right side) effects of nipradilol , 30 mg/kg and 100 mg/ kg, in the conscious SHR. a-Adrenergic blocking effect was assessed by the extent of inhibition of the pressor response to phenylephrine


s: Regarding CD34 and CD105 expression, PA demonstrated a high vascularity and a low number of positive vessels, respectively. D2–40positive lymphatic vessels were mainly located in the tumor capsules, with small intratumoral lymphatic vessels observed occasionally. VEGF expression revealed a remarkably heterogeneous immunoreactivity, alternating from weak or negative to positive or intense. BCA presented significantly higher CD34, CD34, CD105, D2–40, and VEGF expression compared to PA. No significant difference was found in cell proliferation between the tumors. conclusI on: Although PA and BCA are considered part of the same spectrum of differentiation, this study showed that the blood and lymphatic vascularization of these tumors is different.