This paper presents our progress to-date in evaluating and redesigning a senior-level capstone course for the integrated core curriculum in the College of Natural Resources (CNR) at the University of Idaho. This course, entitled "Integrated Natural Resources Planning," is now being taught for the 9 th semester to all College seniors. The course focuses on: understanding complex issues such as sustainability and ecological integrity; assessing alternatives for management where issues are currently contentious; planning for programmatic implementation; and refining students' skills in working in teams, critical thinking, writing, and speaking. We first describe the history of the course, and then report some key results of evaluation research to assess its past effectiveness. The purpose of this research has been to further develop and improve upon the course over the last semester. The paper also describes changes currently being made in the course and their perceived effectiveness to-date, which are founded on a teaching approach of a sequential, building process of reviewing and applying resource management topics, skills, and planning exercises. Specifically, course modules consist of (1) a review of planning concepts, socio-economic and biophysical assessment processes, GIS applications, and disciplinary management principles and tools, (2) practice in applying these concepts and tools to real-world case studies, based on in-depth and comprehensive data-bases and management models; and (3) honing students' presentation skills in reporting the results of these applications. One significant change in the course was that it adopted a service-learning model for its final, capstone project. That project focused on the local landscape in which the UI is located, and it applies planning and assessment processes to provide the local county planning department with maps, data, and recommendations it will use as it begins revising its comprehensive land-use plan. Initial results of evaluation of this course redesign were mixed, but in general a large majority of the students reported that the class was somewhat or very effective in meeting its learning performance objectives. Issues raised by the evaluation results for interdisciplinary, capstone courses in natural resources are discussed.


BIOMEDICINEResearchers in gene therapy have become extremely sensitive about perceived conflicts between their financial and scientific portfolios, following the death last year of a volunteer in a clinical trial at the University of Pennsylvania's Institute for Human Gene Therapy ([see main text][1]). The trial used a technique for inserting genes into cells that was developed and patented by the institute's head, James Wilson. Wilson and Penn itself have a financial stake in a company Wilson founded to develop the technology.

 [1]: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/short/288/5468/951


This paper calculate inherent frequency of the free vibration of the cylinder shell with the theory of the separated variable method on the basis of displacement model.The method has the merits of saving internal memory and reducing calculations.It's effective way of solving complex structures' calculations by the computer.


In Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), nodes are usually powered by battery and the wireless links of the nodes suffer from packet loss. It is extremely significant to develop an energy-efficient reliable data gathering scheme for WSN applications. In this paper, the Enhanced Reed-Solomon (E-RS) code, together with the intra-segment coding and the inter-segment coding, are designed. The E-RS code based data gathering scheme called the E-RS scheme is presented that adopts the intra-segment coding or the inter-segment coding. The Overall Energy Consumption (OEC) of the E-RS scheme is derived and minimized in the Optimization Problem (OP) with the constraint of data gathering ratio. The OP is able to find the optimal number of segments each carrying original information symbols, the maximum number of retransmissions in IEEE 802.15.4 Medium Access Control (MAC) layer, and the redundant degree of the E-RS code, so that the E-RS scheme achieves the minimum energy consumption while keeping data gathering ratio over a preset threshold.


Based on the double cropping system of wheat-maize in North China, the effects of the combinations of two stubble mulching methods (mulching and no mulching) and three soil tillage methods (no tillage, moldboard plowing and subsoiling) after the harvest of wheat on the production, accumulation and distribution of photosynthetic matter and the grain yield of summer maize were studied. The results showed that the effects of stubble mulching + subsoiling on maize growth were the best, and that its leaf area index, leaf photosynthetic rate, dry matter accumulation and ratio of photosynthetic matter transported into grains were increased by 13.37%, 45.83%, 16.97% and 3.09% respectively, and its yield was increased by 15.9%, as compared with the treatment of no tillage + no stubble mulching.


This paper shows the real implementation of fuzzy logic controller in an AC drive system (Induction motor Drive) under Solar PV array-based system. The switching of boost converter is controlled with help of fuzzy logic by taking inputs from solar PV array while For Inverter switching is done by using fuzzy logic controller by taking inputs from induction motor drive. Initially, 20 kW solar PV array is designed for feeding the 10Kw Induction motor drive with the help MATLAB/SIMULINK. The complete system gives reliable, smooth, efficient, lesser harmonic content level in the output.


The research state, application background, research significance and development trend of satellite optical communication technology were discussed. The effect of space environment on information transmission and optical communication terminals for satellite optical communication were analyzed. The necessity of studying satellite optical communication was also discussed in details in this paper.


Background: In recent decades, the prevalence of allergies has increased, especially in children. In Africa, few studies have evaluated allergic sensitisation and in Angola, none. The aim of this study was to evaluate the profile of allergic sensitisation in children with asthma and other allergic diseases. Method: This was a cross sectional study, using the methodology of the International Study of Asthma and Allergic Diseases in Children (ISAAC), conducted from September to November 2017 in 5 to 14 year-old children in the Bengo Province, Angola. Out of total of 33 public schools, 5 (15%) were randomly selected, 3 in urban and 2 in rural areas. Allergic sensitisation was defined by positive skin prick tests (SPT) and/or positive inhalant Phadiatop. Data were analysed with SPSS Statistics v25.0. Results: The sample consisted of 1023 children, 48% girls, 58% 10-14 year-old, 61% living in urban areas. Of these children, 8% had positive SPT with most frequent sensitisation being to mites (B.tropicalis, D.farinae, D.pteronyssinus) and cockroach mix, without statistically significant differences between sexes, age and urban or rural area residents. About 56% children were monosensitised, 44% were polysensitized, and most sensitized children (55%) were asymptomatic. No significant differences in allergen sensitisation patterns were observed among atopic children who were asymptomatic, had asthma, rhinitis or eczema. Conclusion: Allergic sensitisation to dust mites, cockroach mix and fungi is the most frequent pattern observed in 5-14 year old Angolan children in Bengo but this was not different between sensitised children with and without allergic diseases.


A random formaldehyde pollution survey of the one-year in decorated residences in sixth district of Tianjin is carried,and the results show that the formaldehyde pollution is serious with 100% occurrence.Only 14% of the surveyed residences are up to the national standard.The occurrence rate of respiratory diseases obviously and some allergy examples are found.It points out that green decoration,in-door greenization and suspended lodge in are the basic means to prevent formaldehyde threatening.


From his adherence to WANG Yang-ming and not to be against ZHU Xi,his philosophical viewpoint known as "yi-ben-wan-shu",and his endeavors in historical materials gathering integration as well,HUANG Zong-xi interprets WANG Ji in his philosophical history named Ming-ru Xue-an,say,in a creative and larruping way.


There are quite abundant resources of boric oxide and magnesia bearing iron ore in Liaoning Province of People's Republic of China. In order to exploit the possible utilization of this resource, a blast furnace processing has been proposed as shown in Fig. 1.1) According to the results of the reduction experiments of the ore by solid carbon,2) boron wasdistributed between the formed slag and the carbon-saturated liquid iron and the formed slag was mainly composedof MgO,B203 and Si02' To knowthe distribution ratios of boron and silicon between the slag and the iron, the activities of these oxides in the slag are required. As one part of the studies on the thermodynamicsof the MgO-BOl.5-Si02 ternary system, the thermodynamicproperties of MgO and BOi.5 in the MgO-BO1.5binary system were investigated in this paper. The activities of MgOand B203 in the MgOB203 binary system had been measuredonly by Zhangand Ji3) by meansof the chemical equilibrium between the slag and liquid tin. Assuming that magnesiumobeyed to Henry's law in liquid tin, they determined the activity of MgO.Then, the activity of B203was calculated by GibbsDuhemrelationship from the activity of MgO. However, they did not give the boron content in liquid tin anddid not consider the effect of boron on the activity coefficient of magnesiumin liquid tin. In the present work, the activity coefficients of boron and magnesiumin liquid copper were first determined by equilibrating pure liquid B203 or pure solid MgO with liquid copper in a graphite crucible at 1723Kunder a controlled COpartial pressure. Then, the activities and activity coefficients of BOI .s andMgOin the MgOBOI .5 system were determined by equilibratihg MgO-BO1.5 slag with liquid copper in a graphite crucible under CO atmosphere.


Air spring is used extensively because of good vibration character,so it is so meaningful to its stiffness character research.In this paper,firstly the mechanics model of air spring was built by engineering thermodynamics theory,and then based on the front suspension of a light duty commercial vehicle,the vertical stiffness character curves of sleeve air spring were obtained at different initial atmospheric pressure with the Matlab software.The results showed that the sleeve air spring had obvious variable stiffness character,and with the increase of the initial pressure,the bearing capacity was enhanced.In the same time,the bigger the initial preesure was,the more obvious nonlinear characteristic was.


Curvelet transform is a multiscale directional transformer, which allows optimal non-adaptive sparse representation of object with edge. In this paper, a new image fusion technique has been developed by combination of whale optimization algorithm (WOA) and simulated annealing (SA) along with curvelet transform. The resulting combined algorithm is abbreviated as hybrid whale optimization algorithm with simulated annealing. Initially, hWOA-SA has been applied to enhancing the quality of image using de-noising scheme. Afterwards, the curvelet transform has been employed to carry out the fusion of images. In terms of PSNR, the curvelet transform exhibits the better performance. The effectiveness and validation of the proposed scheme has been carried-out using quality matrices. The performance analysis is carried out after checking the effectiveness of proposed approach by evaluating the various parameters such as: RSME, PFE, MAE, CORR, SNR, PSNR, MI, UQI and SSIM and compared with numerous techniques. Simulation results obtained from proposed hWOA-SA based image fusion are very competitive and better than other image fusion technique available in the literature.


The European Social Charter 1961 (the Charter) and the European Social Charter (Revised) 1996 (ESC(R)) have arguably operated under the radar for decades. It is time for disability rights campaigners and academics to address the hidden existence of the ESC(R) and to bring it into the light. It is evident from the jurisprudence discussed in this chapter that there is ample reason to look to the ESC(R) to assist in promoting inclusive education. This chapter addresses the emerging jurisprudence on inclusive education under the ESC(R). To that end, this chapter introduces the European Social Charters: the 1961Charter and the Revised Charter of 1996, which have led a somewhat hidden existence. This relative invisibility may be the result of the uneven application of the Charters, the fact that both Charters continue in existence and the overarching complexity of the system in which they operate. The chapter addresses the right to education for children with disabilities and there are two relevant articles: Article 15 and Article 17. Because of the dual coverage of the right to education it is necessary to address how the two articles interact. This chapter also addresses the strong presumption in favour of mainstream education, and when segregated or special provision is acceptable under the ESC(R). In addition to reviewing the articles addressing the right to education, it is important to address the right to non-discrimination. Article E was introduced as an explicit article with the introduction of the ESC(R) and it had no


With intelligent interviews and breathtaking illustrations, this book introduces sixty prominent representatives from the fields of advertising, architecture, art, design, fashion, and photography. Advertising specialists, architects, artists, designers, fashion designers and photographers all need one thing for their work: inspiration, stimulation and ideas that incite their curiosity, inflame their passion, lead their experimentation in new directions. Seeking this, many make their way westwards to America, to New York. Go West! presents outstanding works by sixty of these creative pioneers. In skilfully moderated interviews, the editor Patrice Farameh sheds light on their working methods, their motives, and the influence that the imaginative Americas, brimming with ideas in this creative scene, have worldwide on culture and industry. Text in English and German.


A survey on consumer's awareness and perception toward genetically-modified(GM) foods was conducted on 2110 random samples of Korean consumers. More than 65% of the respondents were exposed to some information related to GM foods. The respondents answered that the greatest benefit of the development of GM foods is remedy of potential food shortages in the future. More than 90% of Korean consumers wanted GM foods to be labeled as such. More than 50% of the respondents would not buy until they know more about GM foods. Only 35.8% of Korean consumers were found to know that food items originating from plants contained genes. More consumers responded that they would not buy herbicide-resistant GM soybean but buy vitamin-enriched GM soybean. Many Korean consumers' decision of acceptance or rejection of GM foods depend not on the basis of biotechnology, but on the basis of the degree of benefit to the consumers. Only 6.4% of Korean consumers responded that GM foods were the greatest threat to the safety of Korean foods. The perception of Korean consumers on GM foods has not changed significantly during the past 5 years.


While not the worst of political pathologies, corruption is the one most likely to be found thriving in electoral democracies. Not as dangerous as war, nor as urgent as terrorism, some have even argued that the little bit of corruption that comes with democracies makes them work better—by lowering transaction costs, reducing the inefficiencies of cumbersome rules, and generally making things happen (Anechiarico and Jacobs 1996; see also Leys 1965; Huntington 1968).This article draws on Warren (2004).


The documentation problems faced by museums, and the organisations established to assist in tackling them are described along with an assessment of present progress at individual museum, and national and international co-ordination levels. The role which computers may play in this field is examined. However, systems analysis is the first priority, and automation is only one solution, and not appropriate in all cases.


A study has been made of the total formation of volatile esters and the formation of some ethyl esters from the corresponding lower fatty acids in anaerobic fermentation with a number of haploid and diploid strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Sacch. carlsbergensis. In a synthetic medium containing a number of lower fatty acids, all the tested strains (about 20) gave the same distribution between the corresponding ethyl esters. None of the strains was able to form ethyl esters from propionic acid, isobutyric acid or isovaleric acid. The strains differed, however, in the total formation of volatile esters. This property could be affected by genetic means; it segregated in a complex way in haploidization and it could be affected by ultraviolet treatment.


Background: There is a lack of a standardised tool for adherence measurement in patients with epilepsy. Studies In children with epilepsy have reported adherence in 50-96.5%. The primary objective of this study was to identify predictors of non-adherence to Anti-Epileptic Drugs (AEDs) using two different methods in Jordanian children and adolescents with epilepsy. Methods: Participants included 63 children and adolescents with epilepsy and their primary caregivers. Adherence measures included a subjective approach (using parent and child selfreports via Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS) and an objective method (measuring plasma levels of AEDs coupled with the application of population pharmacokinetic models to predict AED concentrations in the children). The Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ) was used to examine the association beliefs about medicines with non-adherence in the participating patients. Results: Measuring AEDs in plasma samples captured the highest percentage of nonadherence (36.2%).The overall non-adherence (combined methods) to AED therapy in children with epilepsy was 44.4%. Logistic regression analysis indicated that children with longer duration of disease were more likely (odds ratio [OR] 1.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.16–2.04) to be classified as non-adherent as were children whose parents have lower AED Necessity scores (OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.53–0.87) and higher AED Concerns (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.26–2.04) as measured by the BMQ.


In the present paper asymptotically right estimates for moments and large deviation probabilities for sums of a random number of random variables are derived. A relatively simple method of obtaining the required estimates based on the properties of stopping times and close to known proofs of the Wald identity is suggested. The demand for such estimates arises in a variety of problems of probability theory. In our opinion they are of independent interest and may be useful in a diversity of applications (see, for instance, [3], [4]).It should be pointed out that deriving inequalities for distributions of maximum of partial sums A. N. Kolmogorov [1] used essentially the ideas of stopping times. In their paper A. N. Kolmogorov and Yu. V. Prokhorov [2] proposed a proof of the Wald identity, permitting an easily removed of the special propositions of Wald, who considered sums of independent and identically distributed summands stopped at the time of the first output exit from the interval. The same ideas form t...


Social entrepreneurship education in higher education provides opportunities to develop innovative, creative, and sustainability-conscious people today. Therefore, this research explored the results of the perception of the level of mastery of social entrepreneurship competence (SEC) in entrepreneurship courses and in courses that were not originally focused on it but, integrated in a transversal way. A Likert scale instrument was used to measure students' perception in a preand post-test at the beginning and end of the semester. The results indicated that students in social entrepreneurship courses feel more capable than students in other courses. Despite this result, it was concluded that these differences were minimal and students from both groups reached similar levels, thus generating innovative alternatives to develop particular domains of other disciplines through the development of social entrepreneurship projects. García-González, A., & Ramírez-Montoya, M. S. (2020) Educación en emprendimiento social desde una mirada transdisciplinar. Congreso Internacional de Innovación Educativa (CIIE 2020). Tecnlógico de Monterrey, México.


1) Revista:   Número especial de la revista META : journal des traducteurs/Meta : Translator's Journal La revista META ha publicado recientemente un número especial (vol. 57, nº 2, junio 2012) sobre "The Manipulation of Audiovisual Translation". Para más información: http://www.erudit.org/revue/meta/2012/v57/n2/index.html   2) Congreso internacional: CALL FOR PAPERS "Interpreter-mediated interactions: Methodologies and models" LUSPIO (ITALY), 7-9 Nov. 2013 (A tribute to Miriam Shlesinger)   LARIM (Laboratorio di Ricerca sulle Interazioni Mediate dall'Interprete) is a research group on interpreter-mediated interactions set up in October 2012 within the Faculty of Interpreting and Translation (FIT), LUSPIO University in Rome. The main focus of the research group is to promote descriptive studies based on fieldwork and authentic empirical data, with a scientifically sound theoretical and methodological basis.   For more information, visit www.luspio.it   3) Congreso internacional: CALL FOR PAPERS "InDialog - Mapping the Field of Community Interpreting" Russisches Haus der Wissenschaft und Kultur (Berlín), 15–16 Nov. 2013.   Organiza:   ICWE GmbH Leibnizstrasse 32 • 10625 Berlin • Germany Tel.: +49 (0)30 310 18 18-0 • Fax: +49 (0)30 324 98 33 e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com www.InDialog-Conference.com; www.expolingua.com; www.icwe.net     For more information, visit: www.InDialog-Conference.com e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com   4) Curso de verano sobre traducción:   Translation Group at Imperial College London, August 2013. Intensive Summer Course in Translation Technology Course Content: This intensive course provides practical and theoretical training in some of the most commonly used translation technology, including SDL Trados, Déjà Vu, Lexterm, memoQ and Lingo. The course also includes a module covering English for translators. The course is open to speakers of any language but will be taught in English. Application deadline: 20th May 2013 For more information, visit: www.imperial.ac.uk/humanities/translationgroup/ summertranslationcourses/translationtechnologyintensive To apply for a place, email Lindsay Bywood: firstname.lastname@example.com   5) Workshop:   « Metaphor in Engineering Workshop », sobre la traducción de la metáfora; Londres 2014.   Participants should have proven research experience in metaphor studies and be willing to contribute their expertise in the workshop. The Workshop favours preferably young researchers from all over Europe with good knowledge on metaphor use in specialised contexts. Most of the expenses of the trip will be covered by the workshop organization (pending funding availability). If you are interested, please submit a summary of maximum 300 words of your academic record to the following e-mail addresses: firstname.lastname@example.com ; firstname.lastname@example.com.


We introduce an internal geography to the canonical model of international trade driven by comparative advantages to study the regional effects of external economic integration. The model features a dual-economy structure, in which locations near international gates specialize in export-oriented sectors while more distant locations do not trade with the rest of the world. The theory rationalizes patterns of specialization, employment, and relative incomes observed in developing countries that opened up to trade. We find regional specialization patterns consistent with the model in industry-level data from Chinese prefectures. (JEL F11, O18, P23, P25, P33, R12, R32)


with infinite radius of convergence. We wish, in this paper, to make some observations of a general nature relative to the asymptotic behavior of this function in the neighborhood of the point at infinity. Some restrictions will, of course, be placed on the coefficient g(n) of z. To begin with, we shall suppose g(n) to be of such character that we can replace n by the complex variable w=*x+iy. Then we shall assume that the resulting function g(w) satisfies the following two conditions when it is considered throughout any arbitrary right halfplane X>Xo'. (a) it is single-valued and analytic; (b) corresponding to any positive number e, there exists a positive constant K, dependent only on € and Xo, such that


This article proposes an interleaved, highly efficient, high-gain modified boost converter. High-gain and transformerless converter operation makes the converter suitable for integrating photovoltaic (PV) power to standalone dc microgrid. A coupled inductor is used with two diodes and one switch per phase with a common clamping capacitor to modify the conventional boost converter. The common clamping capacitor and the coupled inductor reduce the converter's component count and size; thus, high efficiency is achieved at a low cost. The proposed converter achieves a high step-up gain and low voltage stress on switches. Interleaved converters are deemed ideal for PV power extraction as they exhibit low input current ripple. A 900-W prototype of a two-phase interleaved modified boost converter is designed and developed to verify the working principle of the converter and performance testing.


To the Editor.— Abdominal involvement is unusual not only in Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF), as pointed out by Davis and Bradford inThe Journal(1982;247:2811), but also in another milder rickettsiosis, which, surprisingly, has an increased incidence in our country. Boutonneuse fever (BF), caused by Rickettsia conorii , is related to RMSF for several reasons, including a history of tick contact and/or eschar, summer incidence, fever, or characteristic rash. Report of Cases.—Case 1.— We have observed 1 a case of pancreatic involvement in a 41-year-old man seen in an emergency room for abdominal pain and fever. During the next 24 hours, a characteristic maculopapular rash appeared. In addition, other data provided evidence for the diagnosis as follows: (1) positive serologic test findings (ELISA, positive for specific R conorii antigen and a positive Weil-Felix reaction for Proteus 0X2 antigen), (2) progressive increase of amylasemia (up to 1,000 units/L; reference


The neutron irradiation on metal materials could generate various defects which are caused by displacement cascades.The displacement cascades of neutron irradiation with various vacancy concentrations in bcc-Fe are simulated by three-dimensional molecular dynamics method.The simulation results show that a large number of vacancies and self interstitial atoms(SIAs) clusters would appear for the case of 0% vacancy concentration and 5keV primary knock-on atom energy.The number of point defect NF reached to peak value 1632 after 0.5ps.It will decrease sequently and the number of point defect will go stable value 60 after 10 ps.The existence of pre-vacancy defects would accelerate the defect annihilation in the cascade process.The further simulation indicated that the defect annihilation is the faster in the case of the higher pre-vacancy concentration.These results could be useful for describing some mechanism of microcosmic failure for structural steels components in nuclear reactors.


This thesis proposes using Chemically Enhanced Primary Treatment as a first solution to the environmental, human health and water quality problems that have arisen in the Furnas Lake region of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The lake has experienced a dramatic loss of volume and deterioration of its water quality in the past four years, a condition exacerbated by the direct discharge of wastewater from the 140 cities surrounding it. A plant will be proposed to serve a portion of the population of the city of Alfenas, located at the southwestern edge of the Furnas Lake, as a modular example to be replicated throughout the region. Field research results of bench scale testing of the wastewater and laboratory analysis results will be presented and analyzed to support design parameters. Two proposed treatments will be compared in terms of efficiency in treatment, cost effectiveness and other considerations. A preliminary plant design will be presented, along with proposed layout, location and equipment specification guidelines. Thesis Supervisor: Dr. E. Eric Adams Title: Senior Research Engineer


Being an African-American in the United States of America is challenging due to the persistent racism in that country. One of the worst effects of racism is losing someone's identity. Despite their best efforts, African Americans still struggle to fit into American culture and find acceptance. This study was conducted because of this issue. This research is entitled "The Cultural Identity Analysis of the Main Character "Don Shirley" in the film Green Book". This study aims to learn more about Don Shirley's struggles with cultural identity and his eventual identity negotiation. This descriptive qualitative research was conducted using Stuart Hall's theory of identity. This research reveals that Don Shirley initially adopts the identity of a white-cultured guy due to the influence of racism on his thoughts, words, and actions. However, this does not guarantee his acceptance by society. Therefore, he finally embraces himself and negotiates his African-American identity.


[Objective] In order to understand the sugarcane traits response to low nitrogen stress and its variation among germplasm and make sure the key traits of evaluation for low nitrogen stress.[Method] A pot trail with low nitrogen stress was conducted by 28 accessions of sugarcane germplasm from 12 countries and areas.[Result] The response of sugarcane to low nitrogen stress was varying with the traits and germplasm.The sugarcane response of triats to low nitrogen stress could be divided into four types including low nitrogen stress increased,low nitrogen stress did not change significantly,low nitrogen stress decreased inconsistently and low nitrogen stress decreased consistently based on low nitrogen stress index.The clustering analysis of sugarcane germplasm suggested that low nitrogen stress index of cane yield was the first important.Sugarcane stalk nitrogen content was different among the germplasm and there was significant negative correlation between stalk nitrogen content and low nitrogen stress index of cane yield,cane yield and millable stalks under low nitrogen stress.[Conlcusion] The cane yield index of low nitrogen stress is very important for the evaluation of low nitrogen stress.And the nitrogen content of stalk is the lower and the potential to adapt to low nitrogen stress is better for sugarcane germplasm.


Pelvic injuries and fractures (abbreviated injury scale > 2) are caused by intrusion of car door structure during motor vehicle side impacts. The objective was to simulate automotive side impact situation for the occupant. This was performed with a computed tomography scan-based three-dimensional finite element (FE) model of human pelvis–femur–soft tissue complex with spring–dashpot–mass representation of whole body, using wide range of mechanical property variations. It was impacted with a 12-kg rigid impactor at 13.54 m s–1 to impart impact energy of 1100 J. The pelvic fracture condition was well-examined by the peak impact force (16.98 kN), peak strain (23.4%) and peak stress (189 MPa). It was concluded that this FE model could reconstruct clinically observed pelvic injury. Moreover, this FE model could reduce the need for modelling the complex whole body with a huge number of elements and nodes when pelvic fracture is the area of focus. Furthermore, this detailed FE model may be used for finding out different response corridors for automobile side impact, and the detailed responses may be used for developing occupant protective systems, better vehicle door structures and side impact dummies.


The present work reports our attempt in developing diamond nanoparticles with size<50 nm as photoluminescent nanoprobes for biological applications like biomolecule tracking in living cell.


Abstract We present a parallel algorithm for simulating two-phase flow through heterogeneous porous media in which the global information is resolved on a coarsened grid using a previous developed adaptive scale-up technique, [Aarnes and Espedal, Contemporary Math.]. The coarse scale solution is used to generate boundary conditions at the coarse grid block interfaces to recover the pressure on a nested subgrid of the coarse mesh. We then update the saturation for advective forces and use the advective solution as boundary conditions for a domain splitting of the residual diffusion problem used to modify the saturation profile for capillary forces. We demonstrate the robustness of our numerical method by comparing the simulated flow with a reference solution obtained with a full fine mesh simulation.


Many tools, such as observing instruments and models, help climate scientists understand Earth's changing climate. Global climate models (GCMs) provide guidance for the future. Credibility is defined as having the attribute of scientific adequacy, and is necessary for determining the usability of GCM information. The credibility of GCMs is based, in part, on the ability of the GCM to represent past weather and climate. This evaluation with the past reveals strengths and weaknesses and contributes to the uncertainty description.


they are opposed. Wage indexation with appropriate government supporting policies are a way of achieving such accommodation. This type of argument, however, cuts both ways. The industrial relations system, for its part, must be willing to reach some accommodation with the economic system. It must understand the problems economists see in the likely budget deficits, high interest rates and inflation arising from expansionary government policies, even when accompanied by wage indexation. It is a weakness of Plowman's analysis that he does not consider such issues. Mostly this arises from the inadequacy of his industrial relations theory, which has too little place for the economic sector of the industrial relations system. It is also perhaps influenced by his somewhat pejorative attitude to monetarism. Here, however, one must distinguish between the political values of many monetarists and the basic economic theories of monetarism. As a recent symposium in the Economic Journal (March 1981) has indicated, a considerable meeting of the minds of monetarists and their critics as regards their economic theories has now occurred. Greater use of fiscal relativity to monetary policies (though this would unfortunately almost certainly involve tax increases) would go far to provide a basis for accommodation between the economic and industrial relations systems. A further crucial problem would be the.development of ways of combining considerable centralisation of wage determination through indexation with adequate decentralisation of the industrial relations system in important aspects. Plowman shows awareness of the problem but does not provide a full discussion of it, Notwithstanding the limitations expressed above, however, one has no hesitation in recommending Plowman's book to all interested in Australian wage determination.


Investigating in Hanjiang river upstream basin in south of Shaanxi,treating SRTM DEM as basic data,the method of extracting hydrology characteristics information was analyzed using hydrology extension module of the software ArcGIS9.2.The flow direction,flow accumulation,stream network and subwatershed boundary etc.were attained.The extracting stream network validation was tested.Through comparing with the state DLG river data which upon the five levels and calculating the overlap difference of stream networks between two data,it was considered that the river which upon the five level of Hanjiang river upstream basin in south of Shaanxi could be extracted based on SRTM DEM by ArcGIS software,and the hydrology characteristics information was effective.The research could provide a basis for harnessing flood and waterlogging and ecology planning and construction.


In this paper, the authors discuss the blackening mechanism of the copper salt-selenious acid blackening system on iron and steel at room temperature by energetics theorem, and analyse the influence for blackening quality and the approach to raise blackening quality. Adding the rare-earth composite additives into the copper salt-selenious acid blackening system is of active influence for increasing the blackening quality. The experimental results show that the performance of blackening film obtained with this black solution is excellent.


Objective:To review and analyze the variance of accumulative MIC of Ceftazidime with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in icu wards from 2006 to 2010,to show the tendency of that in our hospital,and to help carrying on the prevention and therapy of infection.Methods: The Pseudomonas aeruginosa in recent five years were analyzed statistically with WHONET 5 software,the accumulative MIC of Ceftazidime were analyzed statistically with bioLIAISON software.Results: The isolation rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was increasing in the recent years from 2.2% to 3.1%(2006-2010).The susceptibility rate to ceftazidime from 2006 to 2010,were 64.8%,60.2%,58.3%,56.8% and 51.9%.The accumulated MIC of Ceftazidime had being rised with a drift to a higher value.Conclusion: The resistance and the isolation rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in icu wards had being increased in recent years.We should pay attention to this.How to use the antimicrobialagents to decrease the resistance was very important.


Multimedia content has become ubiquitous on social media platforms, leading to the rise of multimodal misinformation (MM) and the urgent need for effective strategies to detect and prevent its spread. In recent years, the challenge of multimodal misinformation detection (MMD) has garnered significant attention by researchers and has mainly involved the creation of annotated, weakly annotated, or synthetically generated training datasets, along with the development of various deep learning MMD models. However, the problem of unimodal bias has been overlooked, where specific patterns and biases in MMD benchmarks can result in biased or unimodal models outperforming their multimodal counterparts on an inherently multimodal task; making it difficult to assess progress. In this study, we systematically investigate and identify the presence of unimodal bias in widely-used MMD benchmarks, namely VMU-Twitter and COSMOS. To address this issue, we introduce the"VERification of Image-TExt pairs"(VERITE) benchmark for MMD which incorporates real-world data, excludes"asymmetric multimodal misinformation"and utilizes"modality balancing". We conduct an extensive comparative study with a Transformer-based architecture that shows the ability of VERITE to effectively address unimodal bias, rendering it a robust evaluation framework for MMD. Furthermore, we introduce a new method -- termed Crossmodal HArd Synthetic MisAlignment (CHASMA) -- for generating realistic synthetic training data that preserve crossmodal relations between legitimate images and false human-written captions. By leveraging CHASMA in the training process, we observe consistent and notable improvements in predictive performance on VERITE; with a 9.2% increase in accuracy. We release our code at: https://github.com/stevejpapad/image-text-verification


The number of patients in Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) and its associated Hepato Cellular Carcinoma (HCC) is increasing rapidly along with the change of lifestyle. So far, however, no diagnostic tools specifically use for NASH-associated HCC have not been established yet. Recently, we have reported circulating levels of activated Apoptosis Inhibitor of Macrophage (AIM, also called CD5L) can be a sensitive and specific biomarker to diagnose NASH-associated HCC in human. In addition, we demonstrated that AIM facilitated the diminishment of HCC tumors in mice. In this report, we discuss about the benefits of application of AIM as future diagnostic and therapeutic tools against NASH-associated HCC.


A springtail (Collembola) identified as Granisotoma rainieri was collected from snow in Hokkaido, Japan, in late winter when nighttime temperatures were below zero. Extracts of these arthropods showed antifreeze activity by shaping ice crystals and stopping their growth. The glycine‐rich proteins responsible for this freezing point depression were isolated by ice‐affinity purification and had principal masses of ~ 6.9 and 9.6 kDa. We identified a transcript for a 9.6‐kDa component and produced it as a His‐tagged recombinant protein for structural analysis. Its crystal structure was solved to a resolution of 1.21 Å and revealed a polyproline type II helical bundle, similar to the six‐helix Hypogastrura harveyi AFP, but with nine helices organized into two layers held together by an extensive network of hydrogen bonds. One of the layers is flat, regular, and hydrophobic and likely serves as the ice‐binding side. Although this surface makes close protein–protein contacts with its symmetry mate in the crystal, it has bound chains of waters present that resemble those on the basal and primary prism planes of ice. Molecular dynamic simulations indicate most of these crystal waters would preferentially occupy these sites if exposed to bulk solvent in the absence of the symmetry mate. These prepositioned waters lend further support to the ice‐binding mechanism in which AFPs organize ice‐like waters on one surface to adsorb to ice.


Prior to my appointment at the BIS in 2004 I was the Chief Economist of the Central Bank of Iceland. There I played a role in the 2001 adoption of the inflation targeting (IT) framework. At that time, I was a great fan of IT. However, experience has brought with it a better appreciation of the challenges that come with it. Iceland was the first country that I am aware of to suspend IT because of a financial crisis. Prior to that episode some countries had left IT, but they did so only to enter a monetary union. At the BIS, I took an attitude to IT that is similar to that of Winston Churchill's about democracy: "No one pretends democracy is perfect or all-wise ... indeed, it has been said that democracy is the worst form of Government except all those other forms that have been tried from time to time."


This paper intends to explain the classification and effective characteristics of antihistamine drugs, and provide basis for choosing both safe and effective clinical drugs for children and pregnant women through analyzing their drug metabolism characteristics,and finally promote reasonable application of antihistamine drugs in children and pregnant women.


In this paper, the effects of regularization on the generalization capabilities of a neural network model are analyzed. We compare the performance of Levenberg-Marquardt and Bayesian Regularization algorithms with and without post-training regularization. We show that although Bayesian Regularization performs slightly better than Levenberg-Marquardt, the model trained using Levenberg-Marquardt holds more information about the data set which by proper post-processing regularization can be extracted. This post-processing regularization imposes smoothness and similarity.


[1] The influence of marine particles on the polarized radiation exiting the ocean is studied, and the implications for the retrieval of particulate concentration from remotely sensed data are investigated. Simulations were carried out using a vector radiative transfer model. Open ocean and coastal waters conditions were examined separately. In phytoplankton dominated waters, the polarized reflectance is virtually insensitive to the variations in chlorophyll concentration when observing at the top of atmosphere. The polarization effects induced by phytoplankton cells are too weak compared to those induced by the air-water interface and the atmospheric particles (especially molecules) to significantly contribute to the polarized reflectance at this level of atmosphere. The use of the polarized information at short wavelengths is thus proposed to improve the retrieval of the spectral variation of the aerosol model in atmospheric correction algorithms. In coastal zones, the sensitivity of the polarized signal to the water content is much greater. The analysis demonstrates that the measurement of the polarized reflectance just above the sea surface may not be relevant to reduce the skylight reflection effects when the water mass is mainly dominated by highly refractive particles. It is shown that polarization measurements can be of great interest to separate the fraction of inorganic particles from biogenic cells. This study also highlights that an empirical-based inversion approach relying on the polarized reflectance measured in the green and at longer wavelengths could be efficient to retrieve the concentration of inorganic particles regardless of the phytoplankton content in coastal waters.


Statistics is one of the compulsory courses of economy and management specialties in universities.It has important value for training student's ability about data analysis.In the light of the ubiquitous situation that the statistics education result is not ideal,multi-angle analysis on strengthening statistics education is done to enhance teaching effectiveness.


Textural differences in cooked fish muscle tissues, according to species, were demonstrated quantitatively by acquiring fresh tissue samples of five species, cooking them under specific conditions, measuring the common physical properties of each (drip, residual weight, fumness, cohesiveness, penetration, fiber volume, fiber diameter, and fiber length) and scoring them in a range of −1.2 to −1.8 for skipjack to 1.0 to 2.0 for channel rock fish using discriminant analysis.


Soil enzymes play an important role in the cycle of C,N,P,S and other elements as bio-activator.Activities of soil enzymes are correlated closely with soil fertility.Many measures of ISFOM affect soil enzyme activity directly or indirectly.Activity of soil enzymes can be used as one of the parameters of soil fertility evaluation.The study of activity changes of all kinds of soil enzymes is very important to reveal the process,direction of transformation of soil organic matter and the mechanism of soil nutrition development.


Following the continuous progress of science and technology and the socialist economy, the electric power sector is also making rapid progress. It not only solves the difficulties and expensive electricity consumption in the past, but also provides comprehensive means for the people's harmonious life and production. In 2017, my country's electricity market has become the world's largest electricity market, and there is hope that it will double again in 2030. The electric power sector can only achieve the requirements of socialist economic progress through this rate of progress. Under the general situation of economic globalization, my country's electric power sector is also carrying out very drastic reforms. The power sector is gradually breaking the previous management model, and the key work has been changed to vigorously promote the progress of state-owned power companies. At the same time, it is recognized that companies with strong strengths at all levels such as costs have also entered the management of the power industry. In this way, it can break through the current monopoly of state-owned companies, and to a certain extent bring a new challenge to the state-owned power industry.


AbstractTitle: Business of "another World" – Virtual Reality (VR): Influence of Virtual Reality on consumer experience, co-creation and competitive advantageCourse: Thesis for Master Degree in Busi ...


The electricity parameter detection of special optoelectronics devices is constrained by the situation of their real performances inconformity to their test results.To solve this problem,this paper first pointed out the differences between special optoelectronics devices tests and ordinary ones,then analysed different reansons of the phenomena and classified them.At last, a solution was put forward to solve the problem of situation two,which can be thought to piont out an effective way of thoroughly ending the phenomena.


The United States Constitution forbids a direct Federal tax on wealth. Instead, the estate, gift, and generation-skipping transfer taxes are permissible only to the extent they are imposed on "transfers" of wealth. But the term "transfer" is not defined in the Internal Revenue Code or Regulations, and it is not clear whether certain transactions or events give rise to a legitimate imposition of the Federal tax. This article provides a definition of "transfer" that does not depend on there being both a transfer or and transferee. Instead, it posits that "transfer" means that the taxpayer no longer has something, and not that any identifiable donee received it.


ABSTRACT In the present essay Eastern European art before, but also after, 1989 is considered as influential for international art practices dominated by Western European and American paradigms. The approach the author implements, situates post-communist art in a global art world without neglecting its site-specific context. This case study of Romanian performance art, Alexandra Pirici's and Manuel Pelmus' project An Immaterial Retrospective of the Venice Biennale realized at the Romanian pavilion in 2013, questioned euro-centrist and national power structures in the history of the Venice Biennale. The two artists' site-specific project re-evaluated strategies of institutional critique and challenged the hegemony of the global canon as well as pointed to gaps in the art historical narrative. Photography in its archival structure works as the performances' starting point rather than its documentation and becomes part of a concept of self-historization which merged with the contemporary artistic language of performance and supported the artists' recognition at the international art context of the Biennale. The political implications of the body's presence and activism are broadened by considering a specific notion of individuality that opposes the socialist understanding of the national collective body. This particular post-communist art project revealed the continuity of Eastern European art practices across the Iron Curtain going beyond temporal and local containment.


Gaosheng and Lengjiabu heavy oil reservoirs being taken as examples, the adaptability of CO_2 huff-n-puff for heavy oil reservoirs is studied in order to get convenient and practical criterion of cyclic CO_2 injection for heavy oil reservoirs.The results show that the viscosity of crude oil is the most sensitive parameter to the result of CO_2 huff-n-puff, the higher the viscosity, the greater the utilization efficiency of CO_2. For the heavy oil reservoirs which can produce naturally, there is a suitable range of oil saturation to CO_2 huff-n-puff; for common heavy oil reservoirs, the suitable ranges of oil saturation and porosity vary with the viscosity of crude oil. Viscosity-oil saturation and viscosity-porosity charts are drawn, and two economical adaptability charts are also presented with real market conditions being considered. The results of this paper have guidance to selecting suitable heavy oil reservoirs to CO_2 huff-n-puff in Liaohe Oilfield.


Information sharing is essential for learning and performance in groups and organizations. This chapter examines factors that either encourage or discourage information sharing, particularly during group meetings convened for the purpose of solving a problem or making a decision. Such purposes are usually best served when members share with one another the task-relevant information they hold that others in the group do not possess (i.e., uniquely held information). Yet meetings are often dominated by discussion of information that most members already know (i.e., commonly held information), to the relative exclusion of their uniquely held information. We examine in some detail the information sampling process that gives rise to this phenomenon, and we consider a range of situational and motivational factors that moderate it, including features of the information held, the task performed, and the group performing it. Finally, we offer recommendations for how information sharing during group meetings might be improved.


A "Diagnostic and Feasibility Study" of Clear Lake, funded primarily by the IDNR, the City of Clear Lake, Cerro Gordo County, Hancock County, the Hancock and Cerro Gordo County offices of the NRCS, and Iowa State University (cost-share) was completed in 2001. The purpose of this two-year project was to study the Clear Lake watershed and community, to determine water-quality problems and their causes, and to suggest potential remedial measures. The feasibility of remedial alternatives is still under review by the IDNR and the City of Clear Lake.


Whether the central bank should combine monetary policy and bank supervision is a debatable issue over a long period of time. The argument, just based on the independence of monetary policy and the crisis of bank, doesn't contribute to understanding what lies behind the global diversity. To establish the relation between the model of bank supervision and the structure of the finance system in the developed bodies is not only beneficial to understanding such diversity, but also is beneficial to going deep into the key to the monetary policy independence and the bank supervision in the developing countries.


We designed new anthracene-based host material to increase color purity as well as device efficiency. The new blue host, 9,10-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)anthracene (BDA), has highly twisted structure and wide band gap due to ortho interaction between anthracene and introduced 2,4-dimethylphenyl substituents. BDA exhibited deep blue fluorescence in solution (λ max = 410 nm) and in solid state (λ max = 429 nm), respectively, with the wide optical band gap (E = 3.12 eV). Blue-light-emitting OLEDs using obtained host and 2% Flu-DPAN as emitter showed 8 cd/A of high efficiency as well as high color purity [CIE coordinates = (0.15, 015)].


Brief Review of Some Elementary Thermodynamics: The Thermodynamic Functions - Quantum Theory: Historical Development - The Schrodinger Equation - Application of Quantum Theory to the Energetics of Electrons, Atoms, and Molecules - Statistical Mechanics: Fundamental Ideas and Applications - The Kinetic Theory of Gases - Chemical Kinetics and the Rates of Chemical Reactions in Gases and on Surfaces - Engineering Applications of Molecular Modeling -


Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is widely used in high and medium voltage cable insulation because of its low dielectric losses and its ability to improve cable properties in high temperatures. This paper aims to improve PVC electrical properties (dielectric strength) for high voltage and medium voltage cables in respect of mechanical characteristics by adding inorganic filler. Blends of PVC with inorganic filler: Silica (Sio2) were prepared with 10%,20%, 30%, and 40% by weight percentages concentration. The dielectric strength of the blends was tested in several thermal conditions such as (0, 25,65, and 125C). Also, the dielectric strength of blends was tested after being immersed in water for 24 hours, 7 days, and 10 days. Tensile strength was applied to investigate the mechanical properties of PVC after adding silica filler with 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% concentration percentages. Soft program (Curve fitting) is used to select the most proper equation between dielectric strength values under each condition and different percentages of Silica filler also between tensile strength and the same percentages of Silica filler. Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) was applied to find the best suitable percentages of Silica filler to obtain the best optimal values of dielectric strength and tensile strength.


ABSTRACT We evaluated the effects of repeated hoopnet sampling and subsequent handling on the endangered bonytail chub (Gila elegans) to determine if these sampling techniques cause increased mortality or reduce fish growth. A total of 327 bonytail chub was tagged with passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags and placed in a 0.04 ha pond on July 2003. These fish were sampled with hoop nets during four, three-day sampling events, two in fall (September-October 2003) and two in spring (June 2004). Fish were measured and weighed with the time required to complete all steps for processing an individual fish being recorded. Individual fish were handled from one to eight times during the study, with >95% recaptured five or fewer times. Fish that were recaptured multiple times grew less in length (P<0.001) and weight (P<0.001) than fish that were not recaptured. Fish recaptured up to five times grew only 12.8% of their initial weight compared to fish not recaptured which grew 29.7% of their initial weight.


Abstract : Two SIMULA Class in file and out file which are designed as replacements for the system defined classes in file and Out file in IBM SIMULA are described. These replacements provide a number of capabilities that make it easier to work with a terminal in interactive programs and provide for considerably improved error recovery. (Author)


In the framework of an extensive research program for the production of textured and ductile high T _ c BiSrCaCuO (BiSCO) wires and tapes, the influence of processing (by melt-quenching) parameters on the crystallization behavior, the quantitative and qualitative evolution of the crystallized phases, the chemical changes in the bulk, and the superconductive properties of various initial compositions of bulk BiSCO glass ceramics, prepared by melt-quenching, have been studied. The elemental composition of the samples changes drastically during heat treatments, affecting mainly Pb, but Sr and Ca also. The identified crystallographic phases, by XRD, were the low T _ c superconducting "2201" (Bi_2Sr_2CuO_6) phase, the high T _ c superconducting "2212" and "2223" phases, and the Ca_2PbO_4, Ca_2CuO_3, CuO, CaO, Bi_2Sr_3- x Ca_ x O_ y , and (Ca, Sr)_3Cu_5O_8 "impurities" compounds. A crystallization sequence from the amorphous state is proposed, involving a reaction at 800 °C between "2223", CaO, Ca_2CuO_3, and Bi_2SrCa_ x O_ y to form "2212" + Ca_2PbO_4 + CuO and a 2("2212") → "2223" + "2201" disproportionation reaction that takes place with the intake of oxygen at a higher temperature. Decomposition of Ca_2PbO_4, which occurs also at high temperature, causes an increase of "2212", which favors the increase of "2223" through the disproportionation reaction. The glass transition starts around T _ g = 400 °C, and the crystallization reactions from the amorphous state proceed in two steps, at T _ xl = 465 °C and T _ x2 = 504 °C. The Bi_2Sr_3- x Ca_ x O_ y "2212" and "2223" phases are among the first to crystallize as early as after a 1 h treatment (in air) at 488 °C. A gain in weight is observed by thermogravimetry, caused by intake of the oxygen necessary for the formation of the high T _ c superconducting phases. The oxygen intake starts as early as 600 °C. The T _ c onset for the "2223" phase is at 122 K, and at 85.5 °C for the "2212" phase. Coefficients of thermal expansion have been measured and shown to differ according to crystallographic direction of expansion. The resistivity is increased on cooling, indicating semiconducting behavior of the 2223 BiSCO ceramic (semiconductor-to-metal transition temperature: 210–220 K).


As a project of the Kinki University Joint Research Center on 1991, the authors developed a high-speed videocamera with an extremely sensitive internal MCP-type image intensifier and a 4500 pictures/sec (pps) recording speed. Here, we report on its use over the past two and a half years from the following three perspectives. (1) Past applications of the videocamera. (2) Mechanics developed after experience of the applications. (3) Further improvements in the future.


A series of hydrogels were prepared by cross- linking of a low molecular weight partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) in aqueous solutions, with potassium persulfate (KPS) as cross linker at moderate temperatures between 60-80⁰C.The minimum concentration of polymer solution for consistent gel formation is 1.5wt%, and the time to obtain the stronger gel decreases with increasing the KPS/HPAM ratio and concentration of HPAM. Increasing the concentration of polymer solutions shifts the onset of gel formation to the lower KPS/HPAM ratios. Increasing the KPS/HPAM ratio at constant weight percent of HPAM decreases the water absorbency, and increasing the polymer content at any KPS/HPAM ratio increases the water absorption .Gel fraction increases with increasing the weight percent of polymer. Increasing the KPS/HPAM ratio has the similar effect on variations of the gel fraction. A gel, prepared at 60⁰C based on the 2 wt% copolymer solution and crosslinker/ copolymer ratio of 1/3 is an optimum gel in terms of gel strength, water absorbency and gel fraction. The Proposed mechanism of gel formation is cross-linking through macroradical combination. FTIR analysis confirms the absence of imidization during gel formation .The Conversion time of gelant solutions to consistent gel is decreased 2 times for every 10⁰C increase of temperature. Fluctuations in the water absorbency of hydrogels which prepared at different temperatures can be explained with competition between degradation and radical combination. Hydrogels prepared at different temperatures and similar KPS/HPAM ratio, have no significant difference in gel fraction.


The present invention discloses a semi-distributed P2P network traffic management method, which comprises the steps that a root node respectively obtains the node download flow rate of the network traffic resources requester, and the upload flow rate of the resources provider; the root node manages the network traffic according to the value of the download flow rate and the upload flow rate. The present invention also discloses a semi-distributed P2P network traffic management system and a root node equipment. By utilizing the present invention, the flow rate of each node of the P2P network can be obtained, and the P2P network traffic can be managed effectively.


ABSTRACT Sleep is a frequently mentioned topic in current occupational science and occupational therapy literature, indicating an increasing interest in this occupation. However, we found a lack of understanding of the sleep experience in the literature. In our study, we sought to explore the experience of sleep among a sample of adults living in the Netherlands. We used a qualitative research design following descriptive phenomenology methodology. Data were collected via semi-structured interviews with 13 adults (two males, 10 females, one nonbinary), transcribed verbatim, and analysed according to descriptive phenomenology. Findings indicate that sleep can be understood as a personal experience on physical, mental, and emotional levels under unique temporal, spatial, and sociocultural conditions. Participants described sleep as a tripartite process: (a) approaching sleep to finish the day, (b) being asleep and dreaming, and (c) leaving sleep behind for a new day. A core element of sleep is making a transition between 2 days, during which recovery and processing occur. Fundamental to engaging in sleep are the feelings of safety and security shaped by habits, routines, and adjustments to the social and physical context. Participants expressed a personal need for and personal meaning in this occupation, describing sleep as an intertwined experience affected by and affecting other occupations.


NaxCoO2 are known as p-type thermoelectric materials. They exhibit relatively high figure of merit, which is determined by three parameters, high Seebeck coefficient, high electronic conductivity and modest thermal conductivity. It is reported that high Seebeck coefficient is originated from a proper coexistence of Co and Co ions [1], while high electronic conductivity is a result of high concentration of electron holes [2]. As for the modest thermal conductivity, it is reported that Na vacancies are responsible for the decrease in the phonon thermal conductivity [3]. These three parameters are governed by the states of point defects including electronic defects. In order to improve the figure of merit or to search for new materials having higher figure of merit, it is necessary to obtain physical insight as to why and how those defects are present in this series of materials. These are the rationale for studying point defects by first principles calculations in this study. In this study, we have examined the state of possible point defects by adding one point defect to a perfect state, with a variable x, since it is easily expected that interaction among many kinds of point defects present in this series of materials, whether intrinsic or extrinsic, is too complicated to acquire clear picture as to what is the influence of a defect on the system. Thus, we have calculated the formation energies of point defects by the first principle calculation using a GGA and GGA+U (Hubbard U correction) methods [4]. The effective U values for the d orbital of Co atoms ranging from 0 to 10 eV with an increment of 1 eV were used. The structure obtained in the GGA approximation condition was used for GGA+U calculations as well to reveal only the influence of the change in electric state by excluding modifications by the structure relaxation. Within the wide range of the composition, or Na content, calculations were carried out for NaCoO2 having no Na vacancy and Na0.5CoO2 in which half of Na sites are unoccupied. In order to minimize defect-defect interaction due to three periodic boundary conditions, supercells of which lengths are longer than 10 Å were used in this study. Plane wave cutoff energy, the number of k-points, and FFT mesh size were determined so that total energy was converged sufficiently enough within a several meV per atom. Formation energy of a point defect, f E ∆ was calculated as ) ( correction F M M total perfect total defective f E q n E E E + + + − = ∆ ε μ (1) where total defective E and total perfect E are the total energies of a defective supercell and a perfect supercell, respectively, M n is the number of defects in the supercell, M μ and is chemical potential of defective atoms, q is a charge state of the defective supercell, F ε is fermi energy obtained for the perfect supercell, correction E is a correction term to cancel artificial energy shift due to introduction of jellium background charge to maintain charge neutrality of a defective supercell of non-zero charge state q. The chemical potentials of consitututing atoms were calculated by the following equations:


This paper will present a brief summary of considerations which may influence the impact of government expenditures on economic growth and stability in a Federal setting. For this purpose the paper will (1) categorize the general impact of government expenditures, (2) indicate the extent to which impacts may depend on the level of government at which public functions are performed, and (3) the influence of grants-in-aid on these impacts.


In recent years, nanoscale fabrication has developed considerably, but the fabrication of free-standing nanosize components is still a great challenge. The fabrication of metallic nanocomponents utilizing three basic steps is demonstrated here. First, metallic alloys are used as factories to produce a metallic raw stock of nano-objects/nanoparticles in large numbers. These objects are then isolated from the powder containing thousands of such objects inside a scanning electron microscope using manipulators, and placed on a micro-anvil or a die. Finally, the shape of the individual nano-object is changed by nanoforging using a microhammer. In this way free-standing, high-strength, metallic nano-objects may be shaped into components with dimensions in the 100 nm range. By assembling such nanocomponents, high-performance microsystems can be fabricated, which are truly in the micrometre scale (the size ratio of a system to its component is typically 10:1).


The effect of ethinyl estradiol (5 doese of 5 mg or 4 mg) on the end ometrium was studied in 20 patients during the 3 week of the menstrual cycle. Endometrial tissue was examined 24-72 hours after the last medication following hysterectomy (14 patients) or curettage (6 patients). Considerable edema was observed in all endometria with mucosa in some cases 8 mm thick. Clear signs of a progesterone effect were visible in 16 cases but the glandular secretory transformation appeared to have been arrested at an early stage. Predecidual stroma reaction was observed neither around the endometrial vessels nor in the upper functional layers. The edema and retardation of secretion may adequately account for the mode of action of the morning-after pill in preventing nication.


The effect of cadmium on the biosynthesis of chlorophyll has been investigated in the leaves of dark-grown seedlings of barley (Hordeum vulture L. cv. Proctor). Cd2+ inhibited the production of chlorophyll by affecting 1) the synthesis of 5-aminolacvulinic acid and 2) the protoehlorophyllide reductase ternary complex with its substrates. Cd2+ had no effect on the constituent enzymes that catalyse the synthesis of free protoehlorophyllide from 5-aminolaevulinic acid. The results obtained are consistent with Cd2+ inhibiting the formation of chlorophyll by reacting with essential thiol groups in both the protochlorophyllide reductase protein and the enzyme(s) involved in the light dependent synthesis of 5-aminolaevulinic acid.


The rapid development of telecommunication devices dur ing the last decade has afforded organizations the option of employing salaried workers who are located at their own homes. The focus of this paper is on the daily challenges faced both at home and in the organizational arenas. First, the domain of the worker and his family is explored via the issues of blurring the boundaries between professional and private life. Then a system 's approach model, integrating the differ ent components involved in the proper application of telework at the organizational setting is described. These components include the tasks, rewards system, people, structure, pro cesses and organizational culture leading to the practical im plementation of telework.


*The author is currently a Ph.D. student in the school of Sociology, University of New South Wales. This article is a revised version of a paper presented to the Forty-Fourth Congress of the Australian & New Zealand Association for the Advoncement of Science (ANZAAS), Sydney, August, 1972. This article is reprinted with permission from the Aust. Journal of Social Issues 1974 Volume 9 Number 4. The concept of urban education is seen as education conducted under certa-in conditions


Information retrieval approaches are currently regarded as a key technology to empower lay users to access the Web of Data. To assist such need, a large number of approaches such as Question Answering and Semantic Search have been developed. While Question Answering promises accurate results by returning a specific answer, Semantic Search engines are designed to retrieve the top-K resources on a given scoring function. In this work, we focus on the latter paradigm. We aim to address one of the major drawbacks of current implementations, i.e., the accuracy. We propose *P, a Semantic Search approach that explores term networks to answer keyword queries on large RDF knowledge graphs. The proposed method is based on a novel graph disambiguation model. The adequacy of the approach is demonstrated on the QALD benchmark data set against state-of-the-art Question Answering and Semantic Search systems as well as in the Triple Scoring Challenge at the International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining (WSDM) 2017. The results suggest that *P is more accurate than the currently best performing Semantic Search scoring function while achieving a performance comparable to an average Question Answering system.


Image processing, a computationally intensive task must be done quickly, efficiently, and painlessly in a variety of medical imaging applications to assure quality for both patients and clinicians. Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) have been increasingly used in medical image processing in recent years due to their high efficiency and parallel capabilities. In this paper, we compare the performance of several GPUbased image processing algorithms used in medical imaging against their CPU-based counterparts on a quantitative basis. To illustrate the possibilities of GPU segmentation on a brain MRI containing a significant brain tumor, we investigate an NVIDIA Clara-driven GPU segmentation extension within the program 3D Slicer. ∗Copyright ©2021 by the Consortium for Computing Sciences in Colleges. Permission to copy without fee all or part of this material is granted provided that the copies are not made or distributed for direct commercial advantage, the CCSC copyright notice and the title of the publication and its date appear, and notice is given that copying is by permission of the Consortium for Computing Sciences in Colleges. To copy otherwise, or to republish, requires a fee and/or specific permission.


Solubility is the phenomenon of dissolution of solid in liquid phase to give a homogenous system. Solubility is one of the important parameter to achieve desired concentration of drug in systemic circulation for pharmacological response to be shown. Poorly water soluble drugs often require high doses in order to reach therapeutic plasma concentrations after oral administration. Low aqueous solubility is the major problem encountered with formulation development of new chemical entities. Any drug to be absorbed must be present in the form of an aqueous solution at the site of absorption. Water is the solvent of choice for liquid pharmaceutical formulations.


In this paper, the vaporization processes of vanadium and titanium in GF-ETV-ICP-AES have been investigated in detail. By observing and comparing the vaporization behavior of vanadium and titanium in the presence/absence of fluorinating agent, PTFE, together with the results of residues chemical composition analysis after graphite furnace heating cycle, the vaporization mechanisms of vanadium and titanium in graphite furnace have been proposed, and it is verified by the results of thermodynamic calculation.


In order to grasp the vibration state of overhead transmission line and ensure the operational security of transmission line, the remote monitoring system of crossing and spanning tangent tower was studied. By use of this system, the displacement, velocity and acceleration of the tower, and the local weather data are collected automatically, displayed on computer of remote monitoring centre through wireless network, real-time collection and transmission of vibration signals are realized. The applying results show that the system is excellent in reliability and accuracy and so on. The system can be used to remote monitoring of transmission tower of UHV power transmission lines and in large spanning areas.


The Council and Officers. The Council has held four meetings in London during the year at which the average attendance has been seventeen. These meetings took place in the Rooms of the Royal. Society at Burlington House and the thanks of the Association are due to the President and Council of the Royal Society for the accommodation provided. A Committee of the Council, consisting of eight members, including the Chairman of Council, Prof. E. W. MacBride, F.R.S., visited and inspected the Laboratory at Plymouth on April 8th. The Council has to record with deep regret the loss by death, since the last Annual General Meeting, of Sir William Hardy, a Vice-President of the Association, who as Chairman of the Advisory Committee of the Development Commissioners, by his interest in the work at Plymouth and his constant advice and help, had done much to make possible the progress of the Laboratory during the last ten years; of Professor G. C. Bourne, for many years a Governor of the Association representing the University of Oxford and a former Director of the Plymouth Laboratory; of Mr. Nigel 0. Walker, Honorary Treasurer of the Association since 1931; and of Mr. George Evans, who had served the Association for sixteen years, from 1915 to 1931, as Honorary Treasurer.


OBJECTIVE To explore a way to increase the rate of reported HIV infection cases through improving the ability of village doctors identifed and dignosing AIDS.METHODS 317 village doctors from 5 townships were trained.After training,they were asked to educate other village residents and transfer the suspicious HIV infection patients to local CDC as soon as possible.Meanwhile 190 migrant workers from 1 township were sent a message or called about AIDS prevention knowledge by their village doctors per month during their working outside.RESULTS The ability of village doctors identifed and dignosing AIDS was improved.The number of VCT people and the reported new HIV infection cases were increased.The level of AIDS prevention knowledge and the rate of condom use of 190 framers were increased.CONCLUSION It is an inexorable trend that the village doctors fulfile AIDS prevention work.


Academic innovation is the highest level and break-through study of library science.By analyzing the current study situation of library science in China,we believe that China's library science is till at the developing stage with unsubstantial innovative study base.The innovative study of library science is a long term process of science accumulation and cultivation.The science accumulation mainly involves accumulation of the whole society,library science,academic perspective and individual knowledge,while science cultivation consists of the cultivation of science spirit,the establishment of science value and the construct of academic tradition.


Einstein-aether theory is general relativity coupled to a dynamical unit timelike vector field. A brief review of current theoretical understanding and observational constraints on the four coupling parameters of the theory is given.


A touch input correcting method of a terminal device includes a step of sensing a touch position of a hand and a pen touched when a pen touch is inputted, a step of determining a pen use type of a user and a rotation direction of a device by comparing and analyzing the sensed pen and the touch position of the hand, and a step of determining a pen touch input correction value corresponding to the pen use type and the rotation direction.


I opened the editorial of the first BBC centenary special issue on something of a downbeat note, relating the existential challenges the institution currently faces. Early 2022 has offered little to inspire optimism. Culture Secretary Nadine Dorries (offering a strategic distraction from a seemingly endless stream of bad publicity for the UK government) announced via Tweet on Sunday 16 January a freeze on the licence free and a 'discussion' on the future for BBC funding (Waterson, 2022). While the institution has faced down hostile governments in the past, there appears to be a broader consensus than ever before that its funding model is unfit for the future. Financing the institution through licence fee offers the benefit of stability and the ability to invest long-term. It has been the bulwark on which the institution is built, offering a sense of communal ownership. As a recent promotional campaign puts it, contributing via the licence fee makes it, for the British public, 'our' BBC. It also has the considerable downside of being a flat hypothecated tax in all but name, easily criticised as regressive and unfair. Creative, sustainable alternatives to the model can be found as long as the 'discussion' around the future of the BBC is conducted in good faith. Unfortunately, the current government has done little to assure us that it is capable of doing so. As scholars of television, we must do what we can to keep debates about the BBC honest. One of the ways we can do this is to offer a view of the institution that acknowledges its shortcomings as well as its achievements. That is the aim of the articles in this special issue that focuses on BBC programmes, brands and diversity. Our contributors assess the various ways in which BBC programmes have interpreted its public service mission, especially when made for a particular section of the public, including Black Britons, people with hearing impairments, and children. As Darrell M. Newton (2017) has argued, the BBC has long understood the need to have an inclusive vision of 'Britishness', and accurately reflect the contemporary (global) reality of plural, multicultural societies. However, as our contributors show, there is an ongoing gap between stated intent and outcome in terms of representation onscreen and off. The issue also focuses on how the institution builds and maintains its various brands. Branding as a means of expressing the


One of the basic requirements for turbocharger housing design validation is to prevent the wheel fragments from penetrating the housing during wheel burst. This paper describes FE simulation methodology development and validation of containment test in order to obtain the optimum housing design at the early design stage, ensuring "Design right first time". This high speed dynamic simulation methodology involves AWMHS method and explicit FEA. This simulation demands elastic, plastic and fracture characteristics, which is defined by elastic modulus, hardening parameters and ductile damage material model respectively. This methodology is applied for compressor housings and also for high temperature turbine housings. Simulation results are found to be in good agreement with actual containment (rig) tests.


In this paper, we address the issue of trust administration in multi-cloud situations utilizing a trust administration construction modeling taking into account a gathering of circulated Trust Service Providers (TSPs). These are free outsider suppliers, trusted by Cloud Providers (CPs), Cloud Service Providers (CSPs) and Cloud Service Users (CSUs), that give trust related administrations to cloud members. TSPs are dispersed over the mists, and they evoke crude trust proof from distinctive sources and in diverse configurations, i.e., adherence of a CSP to a Service Level Agreement (SLA) for a cloud-based administration and the criticism sent by CSUs. Utilizing this data, they assess the target trust and subjective trust of CSPs separately. Moreover, we present a trust proliferation system among TSPs crosswise over distinctive mists, which is utilized by a TSP to get trust data around an administration from different TSPs. The proposed trust administration structure for a multi-cloud environment depends on the proposed trust assessment model and the trust engendering system. Tests demonstrate that our proposed system is successful in separating reliable and dishonest CSPs in a multicloud environment.


The invention relates to a method of producing monolithic substrate catalysts and to their use in the gas phase oxidation of carbohydrates. Said catalysts are obtained by coating the catalyst substrate with a suspension that consists of a catalytically active compound and one or more surfactants of the general formula RnYmX. R represents the hydrophobic part of the surfactant, with n being 1, 2 or 3. Y represents the hydrophilic part of the surfactant, with m being 0, 1, 2 or 3 and X represents the hydrophilic head group of the surfactant.


The ultrasonic liposculpuring is a new plastic operation.From 1994 up to now 232 cases have received this operation resulted in destroying excess subcutaneous adipose tissues by the cavitation effect of the ultrasound wave.Satisfactory cosmetic results were obtained without contraindication and serious side effect.


Author(s): Payne, Charlton | Abstract: A scholarly introduction to new English translations of Kurt Tucholsky's "Der Ausweis" and "Die Grenze."


Microorganisms are natural biocatalysts capable of automatic selection and adaptation for wastewater treatment with any content of organic pollutants. Microbiological destruction of a wide range of polycarbon organic compounds occurs due to the formation of a microbial sequence. The sequence is that the end products (exometabolites) of "primary" destructor-microorganisms are the primary substrates for "secondary" destructor-microorganisms. The proposed concept is a spatial sequence for wastewater treatment containing a wide range of organic substances of high concentration. The essence of the biological treatment system was the introduction of microbiological preparations into wastewater according to an individually developed technology. At the same time, air was additionally injected into the water column by an aerator. A decrease in organic matter concentration showed a positive redox potential of the medium. Consequently, an increased value of the redox potential means a decrease in the concentration of organic compounds in wastewater, which is an indicator of treatment effectiveness.


Article history: Received: 12 Apr 2012 Accepted: 30 May 2012 Available online: 9 Mar 2013 ZJRMS 2014; 16(6): 40-43 Background: The increase in the amount of heat shock protein and C-reactive protein occurring as a result of stress was done with the aims of returning cell homeostasis, successful restoration of cell injury and protection of cell against more injuries. Materials and Methods: Fifteen climber and 15 non athlete subjects were chosen. A selected aerobic test was done by the subjects using Monark bicycle under two different conditions. Before starting the test, the subjects were exposed to a normal condition with the temperature of 24±2°C for an hour and a blood sample was taken from all the subjects. Then immediately, the subjects took the selected aerobic test to the level of exhaustion and blood sample was taken again. A week later, these subjects were exposed to a heated environment with the temperature of 38±2°C, followed by blood sample taking. Finally, the test was done by the subjects to the level of exhaustion and the last blood sample was taken. Then, the amount of heat shock protein (HSP) and C reactive protein (CRP) in blood samples was measured. Results: A meaningful difference was observed in the changes of heat shock proteins (p=0.012) and C-reactive protein (p=0.02) between athlete and non athlete subjects. There was no meaningful difference in CRP and HSP in normal and hot condition for non athlete subjects before and after the test. But the result of the study demonstrates that There was a meaningful difference for athletes in both conditions before and after the test (p=0.002). Conclusion: Based on the study, it is claimed that while an athlete is exposed to several stressful conditions (e.g. high temperature and physical exercise), compared to a non athlete, the reaction of his body cells is more significant in order to prevent the injury. Copyright © 2014 Zahedan University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.


Treatment of 1,3-disubstituted thioureas with superoxide radical anion (O2·−) at 20 °C in dimethyl sulfoxide resulted in the formation of 1,3-disubstituted ureas in excellent yields. The desulfurization appears to proceed by the formation of peroxy-sulfur intermediates such as peroxy-sulfenate, -sulfinate and/or -sulfonate.


Fruit of 3 of 70 trees from a cross of 'Pekin' peach x 'Durbin' nectarine [(Prunus persica (L.) Batsch)] had a dull, slightly rough surface intermediate in appearance to the shiny, smooth surface of a nectarine and the pubescent surface of a peach. Scanning electron photomicrographs of the epidermis revealed short, often multicellular, papillae 20–80 μm in length but no long hairs of the normal 200–500 μm length. Fruit buds on the three trees were glabrous in contrast to the pubescent buds of peaches and nectarines.


The purpose of the present invention is to produce high-quality nitride semiconductor crystals at a low temperature. Provided are nitride semiconductor crystals produced by vapor-phase growth of at least one layer of nitride semiconductor film (104) by supplying raw materials upon a substrate (105), said raw materials being: a group III element and/or a compound thereof; nitrogen and/or a compound thereof; and Sb and/or a compound thereof. The at least one layer of nitride semiconductor crystals film (104) has an Sb supply ratio relative to nitrogen in the growth step of at least 0.004.


A homologous series of homo- and heterooligonuclear ruthenium/palladium complexes of 9,10,19,20,29,30-hexaazahexapyrido[3,2-a:2′,3′-c:3′′,2′′-k:2′′′,3′′′-m:-3′′′′,2′′′′-u:2′′′′′,3′′′′′-w]-trinaphthylene (PHAT) with the formula [{Ru(tbbpy)2} n (μ-phat)]2n+ (n = 1, 2, 3) and [{Ru(tbbpy)2} m (μ-phat){PdCl2}3- m ]2m+ (m = 1, 2) was prepared and characterized, where TBBPY = 4,4′-di-tert-butyl-2,2′-bipyridine. Toward this aim, a new synthetic route was developed for which a microwave-assisted successive complexation reaction of the multitopic ligand was used. In accordance to the only known complex of this kind, [{Ru(phen)2}3(μ-phat)]6+, only the outer 1,10-phenanthroline (PHEN) like coordination spheres of the ligand could be substituted with octahedral ruthenium and square planar palladium fragments. This allows the construction of new supramolecular structures with at least three metal centers that are potentially capable of intramolecular multielectron transfer and photocatalytic redox activity. Electrochemical investigations show that the metal centers in the homonuclear ruthenium complex do not interact and that the ligand-based redox steps are reversible. Preliminary investigations also show that PHAT may be photochemically reduced as seen by UV-Vis spectroscopy; however, no catalytic activity for photochemical hydrogen production could be observed.


Immobilization of enzymes is a highly beneficial technique where it augments industrial process economics by allowing enzyme re-use and improving process productivity and robustness. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) is a highly available enzyme of wide industrial applications. Calcium alginate (Ca-Alg-HRP) and gelatin (Gel-HRP) were screened for the immobilization of hydrogen peroxide enzyme for improvement of its industrial applications. The immobilization procedure onto Ca alginate beads was accomplished by gelation method where calcium ions were used as cross-linking agent. For gelatin hydrogel, glutraldehyde was added to enzyme/gelatin mixture to complete cross-linking. The effect of immobilization on the pH and temperature profile, thermal and operational stability and reusability of biocatalyst activity was assessed. Immobilization caused a change in pH/activity profile of HRP with a marginal shift in optimum pH from 7.0 to 7.5 for free and immobilized HRP, respectively. Whereas the temperature/activity profile was improved upon immobilization. Both thermal and operational stability were enhanced as a result of immobilization. The half-life of immobilized HRP at both 50°C and 70°C was found to be higher than the free enzyme with a reported half life of 1034 min and stabilization factor of (61.5%) . Reusability of the immobilized HRP was also studied and the results showed that both methods allowed for consecutive runs with residual catalytic activity of 80% after five successive cycles. The suggested immobilization supports proved to provide protective effect for HRP with improved thermal and operational stability and allowed re-use and recovery of the enzyme.


(...)Flood duration effects on the soybean plant were manifested in yellowing and abscission of leaves at the lower nodes,stunting, and reduced dry weight and seed yield. Canopy height and dry weight decreased linearly with duration of the flood at both growth stages. The growth rates were 25 to 35% less when soybean was flooded at R2 than at V4. The additional 4 wk of vegetative growth after flooding allowed the soybean flooded at V4 to recover to a greater extent than the cultivars flooded at R2 (...)


The article by Beardsley et al. was passed on to me because of its relevance to my group. I found it comprehensive, but I have noted an error, and I ask that this be corrected. Under the heading "International experience with VAD", it was mentioned that "Euthanasia is practiced in various forms in Belgium, Columbia, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, Switzerland, Canada (in Quebec)...". It is correct that Quebec, Canada, passed their Act Respecting End of Life Care in 2014, which included that terminally ill patients could request medical assistance in dying, and this Act had input from, and the endorsement of, the Quebec Medical bodies. Since then however, the Supreme Court of Canada, February 2015, in a unanimous decision by nine judges stated 'The prohibition on physician-assisted dying infringes the right to life, liberty and security of the person in a manner that is not in accordance with the principles of fundamental justice', and the Canadian Parliament has since passed (in June 2016) their Medical Assistance in Dying Bill C-14 with the support and input of the Canadian Medical Association. Hawaii should also now be included in the list of USA states with voluntary assisted dying choice. Readers may also find of interest the fact that a Canadian doctor was given an ethics award for his work in developing medical assistance in dying. 'An Alberta physician, who led the development of the province's framework for medically assisted dying, will be awarded with one of the Canadian Medical Association's (CMA) highest honours'. Dr Jim Silvius, based in Calgary, will receive the 2017 CMA's Dr William Marsden Award in Medical Ethics, which is 'presented to recognize a CMA member who has demonstrated exemplary leadership, commitment and dedication to the cause of advancing and promoting excellence in the field of medical ethics in Canada'.


Co-doped Fe2O3 of different orders of magnitude were prepared as oxygen carriers,the structures of which were characterized with adsorption-desorption(BET) and transmission electron microscope(TEM).Experiments under different temperatures were performed to investigate the reaction between Co-doped Fe2O3 and CO to understand the chemical looping combustion characteristics of these prepared oxygen carriers.The higher the doping amount,the higher the reduction conversion at the same temperature.However,with the same doping amount,increase of temperature led to increase of reduction degree,shortening the time of complete conversion of oxygen carrier.Further analysis of chemical kinetics and reaction dynamics based on TGA curve showed that the Jander equation model was suitable for the reduction of Co-doped Fe2O3 at 344.7—391.0℃ and 414.7—472.5℃,and the Valensi equation model was suitable for the reduction at 607.6—681.5℃,according to which the kinetic parameters including activation energy and pre-exponential factor were also calculated.The research results could provide theoretical guidance for further application of CLC technology.


Abstract The German minority schools in Denmark form a separate system within the Danish legislation on private schools. Their curriculum, overt and hidden, is a combination of Danish and German influences, and the schools have a unique minority character. German is the language of instruction but pupils are also expected to attain a high degree of proficiency in Danish, as citizens of the Danish state. This poses policy problems for the education authorities, who have welcomed advice from academic researchers, authors of this article. The article describes the constraints and tensions in the situation due to the symbolic value of German, and analyses the reasons for the partial rejection of pedagogical advice on policies for rendering the schools more bilingual. The difficulties created by the symbolic value of the German language could be obviated, if the minority recognised more clearly the crucial socialising role of the school in maintaining young people's allegiance to the minority. This is an accou...