Asphaltenes in marine fuel oils pose major challenges to the oil and shipping industries since they are responsible for major problems faced by fuel handling equipment. Unstable fuels contain solid agglomerates of asphaltenes that may block nozzles of fuel injectors, cause filter clogging and alter combustion characteristics of the fuels. This paper proposes a method of asphaltenes stability analysis in residual fuel oil using separability number as investigated by Near Infrared Optical Scanning Machine (NIR-OSM) in conjunction with Saturates, Aromatics, Resins and Asphaltenes (SARA) fractionation method. SARA fractionation was done using SYDA-0618A Asphaltene Chemical Composition Tester. The study combined the use of separability number and stability indices in predicting the stability of six IFO 180 fuel oil samples. The method of stability analysis involved mixing of six IFO 180 fuel oil samples, from different users, with toluene then the oil/toluene mixture was mixed with n-heptane and phase separation allowed to proceed. The rate of phase separation was then measured as variation in the transmittance of NIR light across a glass vial containing the test mixture. The separability number was then used as a measure of stability reserve in the fuel oil samples. The SARA fractions were used to calculate the Colloidal Instability Indices, the Asphaltene-Resin ratio methods was then used to validate the results found by the separability number analysis method. The Colloidal Instability Index was found to be more accurate than the Asphaltene-Resin ratio. The stability results by the CII and separability number results gave similar predictions of stability reserve in the fuel oil samples. There is a close relationship between the separability number and CII. Asphaltene-Resin ratio is less accurate in stability reserve prediction in residual fuel oils than CII and separability number.


TaCxNy films were grown by a plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition using Ta(N-t-C5H11)[N(CH3)2]3 as the precursor and H2 or Ar∕H2 plasma as the reducing agent. The Ar∕H2 plasma appeared to efficiently break the Ta–N bonds in the Ta precursor and formed more TaCx, which significantly decreased the resistivity of the films (∼255μΩcm) compared with the case of the H2 plasma (∼1570μΩcm). The Ar∕H2 plasma also made the films denser and efficiently eliminated the oxygen from the films. This improved the resistance against the elemental diffusion as well as the aging characteristics of the films after exposure to air.


K N O W L E D G E of the normal quantitative cyclic changes in the ovarian follicular system would be a meaningful aid in assessing the influence of exogenous agents on the ovary. Previous reports on cyclic changes in bovine vesicular follicles (Hammond, 1927: Cole, 1930; McNutt , 1927: Cupps et al., 19,59; Hansel, 1959) were based on gross counts, or study of the largest follicle in isolated sections. Rajakoski (1960) made an intensive study of the quantitative variations in bovine vesicular follicles during the estrous cycle: however, follicles tinder 1.0 ram. were not included. Erickson (1966), after a detailed study of follicles of all sizes in postnatal bovine ovaries, reported that the number of normal vesicular follicles generally equals or exceeds the number of atretic follicles in ovaries from cows tip to 10 years of age. No effort was made to determine different proportions of these follicles in various phases of the reproductive cycle. Systematic quantitative study of bovine vesicular follicles during pregnancy has not been reported. The present study was an effort to identify cyclic changes in vesicular follicles during normal estrous cycles and pregnancy.


The paper investigates the dynamic linkages between exchange rate volatility and stock returns volatility of Pakistan, India and China for the period of 2007 to 2012 by employing daily data. GARCH model is applied to extract volatility of exchange rate and stock returns. The Johansen Co-integration test and granger causality approach is applied to investigate the dynamics of relationship of exchange rate and stock returns volatility. The results implied that there is little evidence for the co-integration relationship between exchange rate and stock returns volatility for all the countries of the sample. Furthermore, the granger causality test also confirmed that there is no causal relationship between exchange rate and stock returns volatility for India and China but for Pakistan where we are unable to reject the null hypothesis that the exchange rate does not granger cause KSE stock returns volatility.


The utility model discloses an electromagnetic valve assembly, and particularly relates to a solar water heater electromagnetic valve assembly. The utility model aims to provide the solar water heater electromagnetic valve assembly which has the advantages of aging protection and long service life. The solar water heater electromagnetic valve assembly comprises a water inlet and outlet pipe body and an electromagnetic valve, wherein the water inlet and outlet pipe body is a metal construction member and is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, the pipe body wall, which is opposite to the water inlet, of the water inlet and outlet pipe body is provided with a hole and the pipe body wall is fixedly provided with an electromagnetic valve, and the water inlet and outlet pipe body is closely contacted with a flat surface matched with the electromagnetic valve, and the water inlet and outlet pipe body and the electromagnetic valve are sealed. Therefore, the electromagnetic valve assembly provided by the utility model has the characteristics of simple structure and low cost and the like.


A new integrated architecture for power measurements is proposed. The system includes the Hall sensor bias circuit and its front-end voltage amplifier. The implemented architecture performs the conversion of the electrical power into a Hall voltage, which is then amplified by a Differential Difference Amplifier (DDA). The architecture shows low power consumption and an optimized area however its resolution is drastically limited by the sensor offset and the linearity of the DDA. In order to achieve higher resolution, a second system is also proposed where a dynamic offset cancellation is employed in the bias scheme in order to reduce both the sensor and the electronics offset. To improve the sensor amplifier stage, a linearized version of the DDA is used. The latter architecture appears to be very promising and a linearity of 16-bit is achieved. Both simulations and measurements results from the comparison between the two architectures are shown in this paper.


Our work seeks to determine if the act of a consumer boycott has a significant effect on the stock price of target firms and to determine what aspects of the firm either contribute positively or negatively to this effect. Most research suggests that the effects of a boycott on stock price can be highly varied with little to no explanation for this variance. We analyzed the abnormal stock returns of our 23 sample firms in the 30 day period leading up to the boycott and after the commencement of the boycott. We've found the results that the market overall does not react significantly to consumer boycotting. However, our results show that the firms having a bad reputation before the boycott, larger market capital, and frequent past scandals are more likely to have significant or marginally significant market reactions.


Skin cancer is the most common and preventable form of cancer in the US. This study used a randomized experiment and four-week follow-up to evaluate a web-based computer-tailored intervention. Participants who received the tailored web page were more likely to have read the page and less likely to hold positive beliefs about tanning than participants who received a generic web page. Results suggest that web-based tailoring may hold promise for skin cancer prevention.


Background: Due to social, economic, cultural and other factors, the majority of dementia patients are taken care of by relatives or nannies at home in China. This family care model puts a heavy burden on caregivers. Objective: The main aim of this article is to explore the experience and needs of caregivers on dementia elderly, reveal the essence, and provide the basis for formulating relevant policies. Methods: A total of 10 caregivers of dementia elderly were intensively interviewed, and data were analyzed by using Colaizzi content analysis methods during May - October 2019. Results: Three themes were extracted from the interviews, including the burden and strain from the care, lack of trust in pension institutions, and experience and comprehension of care. Conclusion: The caregivers have suffered a lot of pressure from taking care of the patients with senile dementia. They lack trust in pension institutions, so it is appealed that targeted services for family caregivers of dementia patients, so as to reduce caregiver burden and improve the quality of care.


Diffusion and flow rates through porous catalysts were measured under the conditions of finite pressure gradients for single- and two-component systems. For large pore (low density) alumina pellets the diffusion rate counter to the pressure gradient was severely depressed, while for small pore Vycor the pressure gradient had little effect.

The equations developed in Part I for flow and diffusion in a single capillary were extended to porous catalysts. The resulting prediction methods contain no parameters which require transport data for their evaluation, but pore size and void fraction information is needed. For the catalysts investigated, both the permeability and diffusion rates varied several thousand-fold. The calculated results predict the same extensive range and show the same effects of pressure gradient and pore properties. Also the quantitative agreement between calculated and experimental results is such that the theory provides a useful method of predicting transport rates through certain types of porous media.


The particle size distribution in BF(blast furnace) dust and at Baosteel was measured.85% particles in secondary dust are smaller than 74 μm,while 60% particles in gravitational dust is about 74-297 μm.The structure of unconsumed pulverized coal is different from that of coke according to petrographical microanalysis.Based on the utilization degree of carbon in unconsumed pulverized coal and coke,the carbon proportion from unconsumed pulverized coal was determined by the microscopic analysis results of BF dust at large PCI.


1 The roles of the tissue kallikrein‐kinin system and nitric oxide (NO) release in Phoneutria nigriventer venom‐induced relaxations of rabbit corpus cavernosum (RbCC) smooth muscle have been investigated by use of a bioassay cascade. 2 Phoneutria nigriventer venom (10–30 μg), porcine pancreatic kallikrein (100 mu), rabbit urinary kallikrein (10 mu), bradykinin (BK, 0.3–3 nmol), acetylcholine (ACh, 0.3–30 nmol) and glyceryl trinitrate (GTN, 0.5–10 nmol) caused relaxations of the RbCC strips. Captopril (1 μm) substantially potentiated Phoneutria nigriventer venom‐ and BK‐induced RbCC relaxations without affecting those elicited by GTN. 3 The bradykinin B2 receptor antagonist, Hoe 140 (d‐Arg‐[Hyp3, Thi5,d‐Tic7, Oic8]‐BK, 50 nm), aprotinin (10 μg ml−1) and the tissue kallikrein inhibitor, Pro‐Phe‐Aph‐Ser‐Val‐Gln‐NH2 (KIZD‐06, 1.3 μm) significantly inhibited Phoneutria nigriventer venom‐induced RbCC relaxations, without affecting those provoked by GTN and ACh. The B1 receptor antagonist, [Leu9]des Arg10BK (0.5 μm) and soybean trypsin inhibitor (SBTI, 10 μg ml−1) had no effect on Phoneutria nigriventer venom‐induced RbCC relaxations. 4 The relaxations induced by Phoneutria nigriventer venom, porcine pancreas kallikrein, BK and ACh were significantly inhibited by Nω‐nitro‐l‐arginine methyl ester (l‐NAME, 10 μm) but not by d‐NAME (10 μm). l‐NAME did not affect GTN‐induced relaxations. l‐Arginine (300 μm), but not d‐arginine (300 μm), significantly reversed the inhibitory effect of l‐NAME. 5 Our results indicate that Phoneutria nigriventer venom activates the tissue kallikrein‐kininogen‐kinin system in RbCC strips leading to NO release and suggest a functional role for this system in penile erection.


PURPOSE: To raise the efficiency of control of air conditioning capacity by providing a linear, belt-shaped or plane-shaped thermistor vertically on the main body of the apparatus or separately therefrom. CONSTITUTION: A supporting member 19 wherein the thermistor 18 is contained is fitted on to a wall surface 20 vertically. The thermistor 18 is formed so as to sense the temperature in a room correctly through openings provided in the supporting member 19 and to detect the average temperature from the temperatures in the room which are uneven in the vertical direction. By this constitution, the main body 1 of the apparatus is operated with the capacity corresponding to the average temperature in the room, whereby the comfortable cooling or heating condition can constantly be maintained without being influenced by the condition of setting thereof or the temporary and local change in the temperature, and also the shortening of the life of the apparatus due to unnecessary control thereof can be prevented. COPYRIGHT: (C)1981,JPO&Japio


Humanware, the human component of cyberinfrastructure, is focused on understanding and developing the human expertise needed to support computationally-based research with the goal of maximizing efficiency, productivity, and return on investment associated with cyberinfrastructure. In this paper, we present an example use case describing the humanware challenges associated with leveraging cloud-based cyberinfrastructure to implement a machine learning software framework that classifies ambiguous time-series data sets. Our project demonstrates that collaboration between researchers and cyberinfrastructure experts significantly advanced our empirical research efforts and maximized the return on investment by utilizing a cost-efficient cloud-based cyberinfrastructure.


Understanding pH-dependent protein stability is important in biological - transport, storage, and delivery, in vivo conditions such as aggregation potential in neurodegenerative disease, and in studying the folding/unfolding of proteins. Using computer simulations, we can replace complex experimental determination and provide an atomistic-level interpretation of the cause and effect of pH on protein stability. Here, we standardize a method that provides a framework through which we examined pH-dependent transient conformations during unfolding simulations of proteins. Constant pH simulations utilized in the prediction of pKa values of charged groups of the peptide. The calculated pKa values employed to fix the appropriate protonation state of the amino acid to simulate the effect of pH on the system. Trajectories from multiple high-temperature MD simulations of the protein sample the conformational space during unfolding for a given pH state. The ensemble of conformations is analyzed from its free energy landscape to identify transient and stable conformations both at a given pH and between different pH. As a test system RN80, a protein fragment analog of the C-peptide from bovine pancreatic ribonuclease-A used to measure the accuracy of the predictions from simulations. Experimental measures of the helix content determined as a function of pH display a bell-shaped curve, i.e. RN80 alpha-helix formation is maximum at pH5 with a subsequent loss in helicity at higher and lower pH. The main forces stabilizing the alpha-helix are a salt-bridge formed between Glu-2 and Arg-10 and cation-pi-interaction between Tyr-8 and His-12. Our protocol includes constant pH calculations, optimal high-temperature simulations, and Free Energy landscape analysis exhibited the agreement with the experimental observations.


It became clear to me that the terms stalking and stalking in the Holy Qur'an came with two different connotations from each other, and even the forms in which these two words appeared were grammatically different. Indeed, stalking is mentioned in the past tense, present tense, imperative, noun and infinitive as well, and it is frequently used in the Holy Qur'an, in When I found (Rasd) and its derivatives are few in roses, and its uses are more named. Also, stalking came in some verses of legislative provisions, and that stalking has a meaning more than the meaning of waiting, and it is the most common meaning because it falls in the commendable and unpleasant matter. This difference is essential between them, because the forces of stalking are stronger than the forces of stalking.


Fuel cells have been recently reported in the mass media; fuel cell cars were highlighted in the 1999 Tokyo Car Show, and a home-use fuel cell made news. Concern for the environment and energy saving has increased ever since the third conference of parties to the UN convention on climate change (COP3) for environmental preservation held in Kyoto in December 1997, and fuel cells are expected to bring great change in energy supply and use. At present, except for thermal power plants that require heat in close proximity, mainstream electric energy systems that generate electric energy in large capacity and transmit it over long distances are socalled mono-generation systems, and these systems cannot be said to have high efficiency of energy utilization. In many cases, approximately half of the fuel energy is not utilized and is discharged into the atmosphere or the ocean as waste heat. As we enter the 21st century, the problem of the environment and energy must be managed not only in Japan but also on a global scale. The fuel cell is a new cogeneration system well suited for environmental preservation, and is positioned as new energy capable of improving the efficiency of energy utilization. Fuji Electric started to develop fuel cells in the 1960s and has developed fuel cells with various types of electrolytes, including the alkaline type. This paper describes the present status and trends of the developments, focusing on the phosphoric acid type and solid polymer electrolyte type fuel cells under intense development.


In thalassemia ineffective red cell production by the bone marrow (ineffective erythropoiesis) forces expansion of the hematopoietic tissue outside the marrow medulla and leads to hematopoietic compensatory involvement, mostly in the form of masses, of other regions in the body, the phenomenon termed extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH). So ineffective erythropoiesis in patients with thalassemia drives extramedullary hematopoietic tumor formation in several parts of the body. EMH is most often seen in reticuloendothelial organs like spleen, liver or lymph node and rarely seen in lung parenchyma. Here, we are reporting a case of 32 yrs male presented with the complain of fatigue, pallor, breathlessness, with history of b thalassemia, diagnosed as EMH in lung. Computed Tomography (CT) of chest showed bilateral masses at the lower lobe of both lung. The masses initially diagnosed as neoplastic lesion radiologically. CT Guided fine needle aspiration cytology of the mass confirms pulmonary extramedullary hematopoiesis. Keyword: Extramedullary hematopoiesis, myeloproliferative disorders, myelofibrosis Ghosh Sumana, Nath Sanjay, Islam Habibul A Rare Case Report of Extra Medullary Hematopoiesis in Lung in a Case of Thalassemia (Page 134-137) ISSN 2394–806X (Print), ISSN 2454-5139 (Electronic) IJHRMLP, Vol: 02 No: 02, July, 2016 Printed in India © 2014 IJHRMLP, Assam, India


In the modern era, in a quest for minimally invasive alternatives, several authors have described alternative approaches to open prostatectomy and since the first description of simple laparoscopic prostatectomy by Mirandolino et al. [6], other groups have also reported their techniques using a laparoscopic approach in the management of BPH in the presence of large prostates, aiming to replicate the traditional open approach [7].


Storage allocation in a high-density tridimensional warehouse has more constraints and optimization objectives than that in a single or dual rack warehouse. As a result, algorithms for storage allocation in this kind of warehouse must be different. This paper mapped the storage allocation problem to the knapsack problem (KP) and introduced a dynamic programming (DP) algorithm to solve the problem. A penalty score strategy was defined for the DP algorithm, and the optimization objective is to minimize the penalty score while satisfying the constraints. A multi-index strategy was used for preprocess according to the constraints, and this strategy also helped to reduce the scale of DP algorithm. Finally, the simulation showed that the time complexity of DP algorithm was greatly reduced compared with depth-first-search based recursive algorithm. While compared with particle swarm optimization (PSO), DP algorithm can run faster in actual projects problem scale, and more importantly, DP can get the optimal solution, not a suboptimal one.


There is a large literature on the impacts of explicit threats on the outcomes of crises between states, but the longer-term impacts of threats on dyadic state relationships and on international outcomes have been much less studied because of the difficulty of establishing causal connections between events separated in time. By comparing nearly identical foreign policy contexts before and after the Austrian Crimean War ultimata to Russia, this article demonstrates that, contrary to the prevailing view in much of the international relations literature, such long-term effects are not marginal ones that theoretical simplification with the goal of analyzing the central tendencies of the international system can usefully ignore. Under conditions discussed below, when a state is threatened in a way that attempts to deny one of its key policy objectives, that state will be less likely to come to the aid of the threatening state in the future and more likely to join the other side in future wars, realign its alliance commitments, and adopt strategies to drain the resources of the threatening state. Among the implications of these findings are that policymakers should take greater account of the long-term consequences of aggressive negotiating stances than current theories imply and that scholars have underestimated the information conveyed by private threats in crisis bargaining.


Suggested Citation: Lange, Ann-Kathrin; Schwientek, Anne Kathrina; Jahn, Carlos (2017) : Reducing truck congestion at ports classification and trends, In: Jahn, Carlos Kersten, Wolfgang Ringle, Christian M. (Ed.): Digitalization in Maritime and Sustainable Logistics: City Logistics, Port Logistics and Sustainable Supply Chain Management in the Digital Age. Proceedings of the Hamburg International Conference of Logistics (HICL), Vol. 24, ISBN 978-3-7450-4332-7, epubli GmbH, Berlin, pp. 37-58, http://dx.doi.org/10.15480/882.1484 This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/209325


Introduction: Impact played an important role during the formation and evolution of the solar system [1]. However, dating an impact event is not an easy task [2]. Recently, a high pressure polymorph of phosphate, namely tuite, was found in the shock melt veins (SMV) of Suizhou [3]. During the phase transition, the U-Pb isotopic system in phosphates could have been reset, and consequently recorded the time of the impact event. We present in situ U-Pb dating of tuite and apatite in Suizhou and Sixiangkou (L6), with the recently developed technique using Cameca IMS-1280 HR ion microprobe [4].


Venous thromboembolism is a disease that includes both deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. It is a common lethal disorder that affects hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients. This condition however is often overlooked. Oral contraceptive use is a widely-accepted risk factors for venous thromboembolism. The role of injectable contraceptives as a risk factor for venous thromboembolism is controversial. The aim of the study was to determine the risk of thrombosis associated with the use of injectable contraceptives in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. This is a hospital based cross sectional comparative study, in which d-dimer, fibrinogen levels and platelet count were evaluated in serum, citrated plasma and EDTA samples of 80 women on injectable contraceptives and 80 controls who were not on hormonal contraceptives. D-dimer was analyzed using ELISA based methods, fibrinogen was analyzed using modified Clauss method while platelet count was assessed using a full blood count auto analyzer. The mean d-dimer levels between the cases and controls did not differ significantly (p-value 0.143). The frequency of occurrence of an elevated d-dimer level was also not significant (p-value 1.000). The mean fibrinogen levels in cases and controls were not statistically significant. (p-value 0.145). None of the cases nor controls had a high level of fibrinogen. Although the mean platelet count was normal in both populations, the cases had a significantly lower platelet count (214.16 ± 65.42 X 10 9 /L) compared to the controls (244.18 ± 77.34 X 10 9 /L), p = 0.03; however the frequency of having a high platelet count was not significant. Normal platelet counts, d-dimer and fibrinogen suggest that the risk of thrombosis in women on injectable contraceptives is not increased, therefore injectable contraceptive use may not be associated with increased thrombotic risk. It is therefore recommended that routine screening of women on injectable contraceptives for VTE may be unnecessary. Larger population-based local studies to validate these results are required.


As the use of XML getting extensive, there is a popular research topic about how to find ours interested information in the XML database under a certain twig pattern. BrunoN proposed the concept of holistic twig in 2002 and brought up the algorithm of TwigStack. When processing the search which only contains ancestor-descendant relationships, this algorithm is the most superior. However, when the search contains parent-child relationships, there will come out with massive intermediate results. Trying to work out this problem, we will propose a improved twig pattern matching—cacheTwig, which is based on output detention theory. The experimental result indicates that our algorithm is not only the most superior for the queries that contains the ancestor-descendant relationships below branching nodes, and when comparing with the present algorithm, it is also highly effective when processing parent-child relationships below branching nodes.


n this issue of TRANSFUSION , Tinmouth and colleauges 1 report results of a randomized, controlled clinical trial in which adult patients undergoing autologous hematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC) transplantation (n = 77) or induction chemotherapy for acute leukemia (n = 34) received prophylactic platelet transfusions (PTX) at either a low dose (a pool of three whole blood–derived platelet [PLT] units or a partial apheresis unit) or a standard dose (a pool of five whole blood–derived PLT units or a complete apheresis unit). Leukoreduced, whole blood–derived PLT units were prepared by the PLT-rich plasma method followed by prestorage filtration, and leukoreduced, apheresis PLT units were prepared using a blood separator (Spectra, Gambro Canada Ltd, Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada). Unfortunately, neither the actual number of PLTs transfused per each transfusion nor the immediate posttransfusion blood PLT count increments were reported. Per quality control data, however, each low-dose PTX was estimated to contain approximately 2 × 10 11 PLTs and the standard PTX dose slightly less than 4 × 10 11 PLTs. Based on rates of minor bleeding (occurring in 20% of low-dose patients vs. 40% of standard-dose patients) and major bleeding (10.7% of low-dose patients vs. 7.3% of standard-dose patients) plus the transfusion of 25 percent fewer PLT units to low-dose patients, the authors concluded that low-dose prophylactic PTX appeared to be effective and safe, while reducing PLT unit utilization. 1 In general, the experimental design, conduct of the study, and the conclusions seem reasonable. As is true for many clinical trials involving complex patients, however, the results are not definitive, and the authors rightfully recommended that larger, well-designed clinical trials are still needed to determine optimal PTX doses for clinical practice. Some of the possible shortcomings of the trial are as follows:


In this work, living radical polymerizations of a water-soluble monomer poly(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether methacylate (PEGMA) in bulk with low-toxic iron catalyst system, including iron chloride hexahydrate and triphenylphosphine, were carried out successfully. Effect of reaction temperature and catalyst concentration on the polymerization of PEGMA was investigated. The polymerization kinetics showed the features of "living"/controlled radical polymerization. For example, Mn,GPC values of the resultant polymers increased linearly with monomer conversion. A faster polymerization of PEGMA could be obtained in the presence of a reducing agent Fe(0) wire or ascorbic acid. In the case of Fe(0) wire as the reducing agent, a monomer conversion of 80% was obtained in 80 min of reaction time at 90 °C, yielding a water-soluble poly(PEGMA) with Mn = 65,500 g mol−1 and Mw/Mn = 1.39. The features of "living"/controlled radical polymerization of PEGMA were verified by analysis of chain-end and chain-extension experiments. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012


String is a primary data format in majority of applications. With the rapid growth of diverse data driven applications in the current information era, retrieving string data from heterogeneous structured sources becomes more and more significant and challenging. The main concern is duplicate records are created when data is integrated from heterogeneous sources. Those duplicate records represent the same real-world entity because of inconsistent values and naming conventions, incorrect or missing data values, or incomplete information. Existing approaches make the assumption that group of related attributes will participate in the similarity join operation. However, in this paper we propose a pre-processing technique to improve existing similarity join techniques. Assuming relational data sources, our approach is to identify groups of related attributes that when similarity join is applied, we reduce false positives and false negatives, and increase precisions and F-measure.


Cooperative behaviour of an array of microelectrodes: The interplay of bistable reaction kinetics with global coupling results in a spontaneous sequential activation of electrodes when the applied current is increased.


more enlivening and innovative when it moves beyond political economy and probes into less charted terrain — into the fields of ecology and culture, in particular. Beinart's long involvement in the political and economic history of the former Transkei has in recent years grown into a deep interest in environmental history. This shows in the text. We are told about the invasion of gum trees and wattle from Australia, and aloes from Mexico (p. 22); about windmills and barbed wire fencing (pp. 41-2); about jackals and the great springbok migration of 1896 (pp. 41—2). In the nineteenth century the intensification of pastoralism 'spelt the end of wild game' (p. 41). In the twentieth century the absence of electricity in many rural areas has led to deforestation and ecological degradation (p. 206). As environmental issues come more and more into the public eye, so can one expect environmental history to be given greater attention in history texts and syllabi. So too is popular culture a voguish field in historical and social studies. Beinart displays a particular interest in dress. At the original founding conference of the ANC in 1912 'tophats and tails' were very much in evidence (p. 87). Gandhi arrived in South Africa in 1893 'wearing a suit and a turban, believing he could bridge the European and Indian worlds' (p. 90). In the late twentieth century African ' [n]eo-traditional dress of blankets, beads and head-dresses' faded away (p. 206). Beinart also gives passing recognition to the importance of sport in South African culture. Just as soccer displaced stick-fighting as the major sport of black youth (pp. 184—5), s o had rugby earlier replaced hunting as the major white sport, with the springbok serving as a symbol of continuity (p. 41). Beinart writes with authority — which, paradoxically, is both a strength and a weakness of the book. It is authority derived from extensive knowledge, perceptive observation and sharp insight. At the same time, however, it is an authoritative text that deproblematizes South African history. The book gives little sense of how this history has been fiercely contested and debated over some decades. Some attention is given to the capitalism/apartheid debate in which Beinart steers a middle course between Lipton and the radical position. But other historical debates particularly those that centre on the core themes of segregation and apartheid, nationalism and ethnicity, domination and resistance are largely hidden in an account that avoids contestation and prefers to present the story of modern South Africa. It should, though, be reiterated that this story is told very well. The book can be highly recommended as a text to support a university course on modern South Africa. Beinart has compressed his material in a masterly way, making this a model overview. The bibliography serves as an excellent guide for course instructors and students. The book is sure to gain the wide readership that it deserves.


A trust that rewarded nurses with a bar of chocolate as thanks for helping it win a national award has said it is 'disappointed' the gesture has prompted complaints to unions.


The pot experiments were conducted from October 2009 to March 2010 in the Department of Plant Pathology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh to study the effect of BAU-Biofungicide (Trichoderma spp.), Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon), Water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica) and Ivy leaf morninglory (Ipomoea hederacea) against root-knot of okra caused by Meloidogyne javanica using seed treatment and soil drenching methods. Among the treatments, BAU-Biofungicide and Bermuda grass leaf extract (S) gave superior result as it had increased length of shoot and root, weight of shoot and root, number of fruit and weight of fruit plant−1 correspondingly with the lowest galling incidence in okra in all methods. Better effect on plant growth characters with lower galling incidence and development of the nematode was observed with Water spinach extract (S) and Ivy leaf morninglory extract (S) compared to control. Lower effect of plant growth character was found with extract (S) of Ivy leaf morninglory followed by Water spinach leaf extract (S).


Sb2Te3 powders fabricated by grinding after high pure Sb and Te sealed in a vacuum quartz tube were smelted at 800 ℃ for 12 h.Sb2Te3 bulk materials were prepared by hot-press sintering at 480 ℃ under 20 MPa for 1h in vacuum.The phase structure,microscopic topography and composition of the samples were characterized by XRD,SEM and EDS.XRD shows that the diffraction peaks of powders alloyed in vacuum and bulk materials by hot-press sintering mainly corresponds to the standard Sb2Te3 reference code(01-071-0393).The SEM images illustrate that the bulk samples of Sb2Te3 by hot-press sintering have a plenty of sheet layer structures on the cross section paralleling to the hot-press direction.The thickness of sheet layer is below 1μm.But the short sheet structures uniformly distribute between long and thin sheet layer structures.On the cross section perpendicular to the hot-press direction,the sheet layer structures are shorter,which is about 1μm in thickness,and more evenly distribute.The atomic percentage of the elements Sb and Te is 38.8% and 61.8%,respectively,approaching to 2 ∶ 3.


The presence of oil films in three phase flow of oil, water and gas through reservoir rocks has a significant effect on the recovery efficiency associated with various Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) processes like Water Alternating Gas (WAG) and Gas-Assisted Graviry Drainage (GAGD). Visualization of these oil films helps in having a better understanding of the conditions required for the formation of such films in a rock pore network. In this work, we have used a microfluidic platform consisting of Norland Optic Adhesives-81(NOA81) that better mimics the reservoir rock pore geometry, to visualize the oil films in different spreading systems. NOA81 is a transparent polymer with high chemical and physical resistance, which enabled the device to withstand harsh organic solvents as well as high pressures and temperatures encountered in the EOR experiments. This device was designed with pore network similar to that of a consolidated water wet porous rock with varying channel widths and taper, unlike various other platforms using regular square or constant channel width grids. This modification resulted in a more realistic representation of the actual pore network of reservoir rocks. Continuous thinner oil films were observed in the positive spreading system, whereas discontinuous trapped oil blobs were encountered in the negative spreading system. Statistical analysis carried out on the thickness of the oil phase separating water and gas phases indicated significant differences and confirmed the visual observations.


Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) are expected to influence the traditional medical model by providing aged-care at home and health telemonitoring. In this work, we present a study of coexisting WBANs. Multi-WBANs coexistence will seriously affect the reliability of wireless communication and the network throughput because of the resource competition in a public place in many instances. In this paper, we propose a power control mechanism based on the carrier sense threshold adopting stochastic geometry. Due to the limited power supply, the transmission power value should be as small as possible based on the quality of received signal guaranteed. We derive the minimum transmission power under the many networks distribution and the carrier sense threshold. CCS CONCEPTS •Wireless and Mobile Communications


BACKGROUD

Secondary effluent collected from a petrochemical wastewater treatment plant was treated by ozone–biological aerated filter (O3-BAF) to investigate and evaluate the performance, organics and genotoxicity removal characteristics of this combined advanced treatment process.

RESULTS

The average dissolved organic carbon (DOC) of the secondary effluent was approximately 23 mg L−1. When the ozone dosage was 10 mg L−1 and the contact time was 4 min, the DOC removed by O3-BAF was approximately 9 mg L−1 during which 37% was removed by ozonation and 63% by BAF. The ozonation changed the percentage of the small molecular size organics ( 100 k) decreasing from 26% to 8%. More than 85% of the genotoxicity of the chemical secondary effluent was removed in the ozonation unit. The genotoxicity of the BAF effluent was less than 0.71 µg-4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide L−1.

CONCLUSION

Ozonation can change the organics molecular size, increase the biodegradability and obviously reduce the genotoxicity of petrochemical secondary effluent. The O3–BAF process is suitable for the advanced treatment of petrochemical secondary effluent. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry


Aluminum nitride (AlN) is a wide bandgap semiconductor material of wide interest. Aluminum nitride films are typically grown using metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. In this process, group-III and group-V precursors, namely tri-methyl-aluminum and ammonia, are injected into a reactor. Subsequently, these reactants react both in the gas-phase as well as at the surface to deposit an epitaxial layer of AlN on a hot substrate (wafer). It has been experimentally observed that AlN nanoparticles are formed in the gas-phase during this process. Although these particles are formed in the vicinity of the hot substrate, they tend to stay away from the hot substrate and are observed to deposit on the cold walls of the reactor. This is undesirable since the particles do not contribute to the growth of the AlN film, and end up damaging the walls of the reactor. In this computational study, the trajectories of the AlN particles are simulated with the goal to understand the mechanisms responsible for their motion. A three-dimensional (3D) Lagrangian Brownian dynamics simulator based on the Langevin equation is first developed. It is then coupled with a 3D computational fluid dynamics solver to simulate the background flow, and the chemical reactions responsible for AlN particle formation. The combined model is first validated, and then exercised for the problem at hand. It is found that thermophoretic forces are primarily responsible for driving the particles away from the hot substrate and depositing them on the cold reactor walls.Copyright © 2012 by ASME


University has a strategic role in the community through its three essential services related to learning, research and community service. Regarding disaster management, Teuku Umar University has formed a Student Activity Unit of Disaster Management (UKM PK). This unit has been active in carrying out various actions during disaster management in the south west region of Aceh, especially in West Aceh District. The research objective was to find out the various efforts and obstacles of this Student Activity Unit of Disaster Management (UKM PK) while carrying out their role in disaster management. This study was conducted using qualitative methods. The research was carried out through document review and interviews with selected speakers, such as the advisor of student unit of disaster management, the Chair and Vice Chair of Disaster Management Student Unit, Disaster Management Agency of West Aceh, and a number of people who received assistancesfrom disaster management student unit. Based on the results of the research indicated that the student activity unit of disaster management has played an active role in disaster management, especially in West Aceh. The efforts carried out comprised 4 (four) parts, namely disaster mitigation, disaster training for members of UKM PK, Building collaboration with related agencies and visiting the areas affected by the disaster. On the other hand, the obstacles face by the Student Activity Unit of Disaster Management in carrying out their roles were divided into two parts, namely internal and external Obstacles. Internal obstacles related to the lack of funding and facilities and infrastructure, regeneration, and the capacity of members and the limited time of members in handling disasters that often arise unexpectedly, while external barriers were related to the community's willingness to mitigate and manage disasters sustainably.


Knowing at what point patients are put on treatment during the clinical and biological (CD4 count) stages of HIV is important. This study investigated the clinical, biological and sociodemographic profiles of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) naive patients in the Garoua military hospital, Cameroon. This was a cross-sectional study that collected data on demographic, clinical and laboratory variables from 66HIV-infected patients aged 19 years and older from January 2013 to January 2014. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 software program at the level 0.05. Sixty-six (66) HIV positive patients were received in the health facility during the study period, the majority of whom were female, 65.6%. Only 37.5% of their sexual partners were aware of patients' HIV serostatus. Similarly, only 26.8% of patients' stable sexual partners had done an HIV test, of which 73.3% tested positive. Skin diseases, weight loss and chronic fever were the commonest clinical manifestations found (33.3%, 25.4% and 17.5% respectively). About 90% of the clients had CD4 counts less than 350 cells/mm3 on clinical presentation. Hemoglobin counts less than 12g/dl were found in 72.7 % of the clients. Females were more likely than males to present with skin diseases, weight loss and fever. However, the differences were not statistically significant (p=0.159). Similarly, females (65.0%) were more likely to have CD4 counts less than 350 compared to males (35.0%) (p=0.167). More patients age less than 35 years, presented with skin diseases, weight loss and cough than those age more than 35 years. However, these differences were not statistically significant (p=0.632). In the same vein, more patients, age less than 35, had CD4 counts less than 350, than those aged more than 35 years (p=0.430). Most of our study patients had CD4 counts less than 350 cells/ml at presentation for HAART initiation. This suggests late HIV diagnosis and thus a delayed opportunity for timely access to HIV care and initiation of HAART. There is the need to intensify efforts in early routine HIV counseling and testing in health facilities in the cities, smaller towns and rural communities, so as to reduce the frequency of late HIV diagnosis with its potential implications. Encouraging clients to get their partners tested and consequently be managed appropriately is of utmost need in this area. Qualitative research to better ascertain reasons of not knowing partner status should be carried out.


High frequency in vitro regeneration and multiplication of shoots of female Momordica dioica Roxb. has been established from callus derived from nodal explants culture. Callus was established on Murashige and Skoog's (MS) agar gelled medium supplemented with 2mg/l 2, 4-D and 0.5mg/l BAP/ Coconut milk (15% v/v). Multiple shoot buds were developed from the callus when they were cultured on MS medium containing 4mg/l 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and CM (15% v/v). Further shoot multiplication (86 ± 3.44) was achieved by sub culturing of regenerated shoot clump on the same fresh medium. The shoots multiplication could be repeated for more than five cycles with normal morphogenesis without returning to the original explants source. For rooting, micro-propagated shoots were subsequently transferred to half strength MS medium containing 0.5mg/l Indole-3 butyric acid (IBA) with 100% success. Plants regenerated by organogenesis through callus are similar with the natural cytotypes. The present study highlights the rapid in vitro multiplication of M. dioica. Roxb.


The decrease of the sportsman's life-span is bound to canse the repeated wastes of the labor,material and finamce,So the issues about the sportsman's life-span have been concerned and worked on by the staffs in the physical education field.It closely relates to the sportsman's sentiment of morality,professional passion,and training,their safety as well.


Urban air pollution became one of the main factors of degradation of the quality of life in cities. This problem tends to worsen due to the unbalanced development of urban spaces and the incompatibilities of uses. In urban environment the typical anthropogenic sources are mainly the road traffic and, when existing, the industrial activity. The present work was performed to attain the following objectives: to quantify the atmospheric emissions from the major industrial sources located in the city and its vicinity and to evaluate the influence of these industrial sources to the air quality of the city. A range of numerical models were used to produce the concentration maps: the ADMS-Urban model for the pollutants dispersion; the Hills model to calculate air flow and turbulence over complex terrain and the European Pollutant Emission Register to estimate the emission factors. Key-Words: Urban air pollution; Air pollution modelling; Kraft pulp and paper mill


(57) Abstract: to protect against disease caused by infection with respiratory syncytial virus and influenza virus, adult, in particular an immunogenic composition for administration to elderly, immune effective amount RSV purified fusion (F) protein of attachment (G) a mixture of protein and matrix (M) protein, as well as compositions comprising a non-virulent influenza virus preparation effective immunizing amount. The components of the composition, when formulated as a vaccine for in vivo administration, does not impair the mutual immunogenicity. The immunogenic compositions can also include an adjuvant.


Abstract : This article discusses intensity fluctuations when laser light propagates in folded light paths as well as the properties of such turbulence effects as beam spread, spot quiver, path length fluctuations, and so on. Theoretical results clearly show that, when use is made of different reflectors--compared to direct light paths--one has the existence of amplification phenomena or self-compensation phenomena. This article also analyzes the mechanisms associated with the production of these phenomena.


Abstract Advances in numerical weather prediction have occurred on numerous fronts, from sophisticated physics packages in the latest mesoscale models to multimodel ensembles of medium-range predictions. Thus, the skill of numerical weather forecasts continues to increase. Statistical techniques have further increased the utility of these predictions. The availability of large atmospheric datasets and faster computers has made pattern recognition of major weather events a feasible means of statistically enhancing the value of numerical forecasts. This paper examines the utility of pattern recognition in assisting the prediction of severe and major weather in the Middle Atlantic region. An important innovation in this work is that the analog technique is applied to NWP forecast maps as a pattern-recognition tool rather than to analysis maps as a forecast tool. A technique is described that employs a new clustering algorithm to objectively identify the anomaly patterns or "fingerprints" associated with past...


Abstract : This thesis documents the development of an on-line information technology management (ITM) research catalog that can be accessed by DOD and DON agencies or other interested parties via the World Wide Web. The on-line research catalog allows the ITM professors at the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) to quickly and easily maintain their own research information regardless of their operating platform. The logic for a multi-user relational database approach to managing the research catalog is addressed. A semantic object model and a relational diagram are developed to create a conceptual design for the database. Next, the application process and description of the common gateway interface (CGI) scripts are presented. Chapter four displays and discusses the catalog's major user interfaces. Finally, this thesis concludes with a plan for using the system and recommendations for further improvements.


One of the key debates within SLA research circles concerns grammar - whether and hov to include it in second language (L2) instruction. 'Noninterventionist' approaches to language leaching, which centre on focus on meaning (FonM) , have been found to be neither economical nor expedient in terms of use of learners' classtime (Long & Robinson, 1998). This paper is a study of the effects oj direct grammatical instruction within a communicative context (Focus on Form - FonF) on the accuracy rate of the use of noun-adjective agreement in the written work of adult learners of Arabic. Learning the systems oj noun/adjective agreement in Arabic presents problems for beginners since. unlike languages such as English. Arabic needs to be modified for gender, number. definiteness and case. Through teaching material and methods, first-year university English speaking students of Arabic were directly exposed to morpho-syntactic inflections relevant to noun-adjective agreement. In post-tests over an extended period. instructed students showed a higher accuracy rate of some forms than their uninstructed colleagues. suggesting focusing on form is beneficial to the Arabic learner and does not need to interrupt the communicative flow in the classroom (Ellis et al. 2001).


Recent research has shown that tests generated without taking process variation into account may lead to loss of test quality. At present there is no efficient device-level modeling technique that models the effect of process variation on resistive bridges. This paper presents a fast and accurate technique to model the effect of process variation on resistive bridge defects. The proposed model is implemented in two stages: firstly, it employs an accurate transistor model (BSIM4) to calculate the critical resistance of a bridge; secondly, the effect of process variation is incorporated in this model by using three transistor parameters: gate length (L), threshold voltage (Vth) and effective mobility (μeff), where each follow Gaussian distribution. Experiments are conducted on a 65-nm gate library (for illustration purposes), and results show that on average the proposed modeling technique is more than 7 times faster and in the worst case, error in bridge critical resistance is 0.8% when compared with HSPICE.


Health minister Virginia Bottomley has given the go-ahead for a pioneering National Health Service nursing home to be sold off to the independent sector.


The applicationof electroplated diamond in ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding can be a candidate to replace the manual mirror finishing of the stainless-steel surface and the ability to characterize the tool and work surfaces is important for understanding the tool-work interaction during the grinding process. In this study, an ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding on stainless steel surface using the electroplated diamond tool is performed for the tool-work surface interaction diagnostic. The experiment used constant machining parameters, leaving the electroplated diamond tool as the only input variable. The experiment produces nine tool-work pairs for the analysis. A combination of the reversal method and areal surface metrology is introduced to capture and prepare the topography data for characterization. The analysis results show that the combination of the reversal method and areal surface metrology can be used for the electroplated diamond tool working surface characterization in explaining its effect on the ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding of stainless-steel surface for a mirror finish.


The growing awareness in women's health issues in neurology has spawned a focus on the neurochemical modulatory effects of female sex hormones.1 Sex-specific variability in the expression of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) is likely affecting men much more often than women. Several case reports and one questionnaire-based study have noted a premenstrual increase in tics thought to be secondary to low estrogen levels.2-4⇓⇓ No study has actually measured estrogen and progesterone levels through a menstrual cycle to correlate tic severity and hormonal activity.

In families with motor tics, an associated behavioral manifestation, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), is also frequently seen in women. Further, men are more likely to present with tics (with or without OCD), and women are more likely to present with OCD (with or without tics).5

We hypothesized that menstruating women with GTS experience subjective and objective worsening of their tics and their OCD symptoms during the premenstrual period, during which both estrogen and progesterone are …


The author, who coached the British Athletics team, gives advice on nutrition, with information on specific dietary considerations for women, the use of vitamins, the effects of alcohol, tobacco and sleep, together with a list of suggested menus for individual sports.


How can the abstract idea of memory be represented through the discipline of landscape architecture? How could this be more specifically achieved within the man-made landscape, using materiality and time as tools within the design process?  This thesis essentially addresses the relationship that may exist between landscape architecture and the exploration of selective memory within the landscape. In this case, the definition of memory can be defined by site and urban context. The exploration of theories relating to collective and individual memories, identity in the man-made landscape, materiality and trace will aim to define and anchor memory within landscape architecture.  The first part of the research will examine the works of Sebastien Marot, Mark Crinson and Paul Tyrer. On one hand Crinson describes memory as a sense of structure and rhetoric. He suggests that memory cannot be physically represented as the same idea for everyone, leaving memory very subjective. On the other hand, Marot works around the concept of social frameworks of memory. He describes how it is important for landscape architects to understand cities and their spatialised design systems. These reflect the conditioning of memories, described as dense accumulations of traces within the environment (collective memories). The connection between site, social frameworks of memory and the urban realm will be tested through a variety of design interventions. Importantly, a decision needs to be made on whether to design for the collective or individual memories of the site.  The second part of this thesis addresses the idea of memory within the man-made landscape. How infrastructure has impacted upon the identity of the natural landscape, which has in turn affected the collective memory of the site within the larger urban environment. The selected site for this research is the former Air Force Base at Shelly Bay, Miramar. Originally a submarine mining depot, the coastal area was reclaimed for military purposes since before World War One. The land has recently been bought by the local Iwi as part of a Treaty of Waitangi Settlement, who plan to develop the site for the public of Wellington. This site is an example of memory bound within a city, providing interstitial spaces to test designs of memory against the collective and individual memories, both man-made and natural.  The design experimentation will investigate how memory can be recreated and represented on the chosen site of Shelly Bay. An investigation into temporary and permanent aspects of design, including materiality and weathering, will allow a more in-depth exploration of memory to take place upon the site. The materiality of landscape elements establishes the form and design ideas. The process of the weathering and durability over time makes the design intent visible, and displays the character and identity of the landscape. The ability to bridge the gap between a fixed idea of memory and the realization of that built idea over time could be achieved by allowing for process and change to occur within the design and the site.  These concepts will be tested upon the site of Shelly Bay through three specific design interventions. These interventions will aim to test and represent different memories upon the site, both man-made and natural.


Vestimentiferan tubeworms are hosts to intracellular, environmentally acquired, chemolithotrophic gammaproteobacterial symbionts. Phylogenetic analyses based on a few molecular markers seemed to indicate that nearly all of the Eastern Pacific host species were associated with the same symbiont phylotype, "Candidatus Endoriftia persephone." Using genome-wide comparisons of "Candidatus Endoriftia persephone" in association with three worm species, Perez and Juniper (p. 5197–5205) showed that Northeast Pacific and East Pacific Rise symbiont populations separated by mid-ocean ridge discontinuities were vicariant and that other factors (e.g., local environmental conditions, host specificity) may also shape the genetic makeup of these populations.


In this paper, the design and testing of a 2.5 Gb/s VCSEL driver for short-to-medium reach optical interconnects is outlined. With the ever increasing processing capacity of digital systems, electrical interconnects linking CMOS chips have become the limiting performance factor. Optical interconnects have been proposed as a promising alternative to increase interconnect capacity. Although vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSEL) are well suited for such an application, high-speed VCSEL drivers reported in the literature generally consume a significant amount of power.


This article is devoted to the actualization feature of concepts «terrorism» and «crisis» in modern media discourse. The main objects of the research are structural components of an appropriate frame, vertex nodes and slots. Special attention is paid to the statements of leading Russian politicians, containing judgments and assessments of the crisis and terrorism.


The concentration of gases dissolved in transformer oil is the important foundation to evaluate insulation state of oil-immersed transformer.Due to the random fluctuation of time-siries data of concentration of gases dissolved in transformer oil,the concentration of dissolved gases cannot often be mastered accurately,thus firstly the weakening buffer operator is applied to original data to weaken its randomness.In view of the fact that existing concentration prediction model of dissolved gases can implement point prediction only,therefore an interval prediction model for concentration of dissolved gases is built by least square support vector machine(LSSVM) and statistical interval estimation to determin the variation range of concentration of dissolved gases under a certain confidence level.Case calculation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed model.


As South Carolina emerged from the most recent multi-year drought ending in 2002, it became clear that the sustainability of the state's water resources could no longer be taken for granted (Mizzell, 2002). This extreme event became a necessary "springboard" to elevate the public's perception and capture decision makers' attention to the challenges associated with managing South Carolina's water resources. Major natural hazard events that are well publicized usually stimulate stakeholder interest, increasing the acceptability of policy changes. The drought brought about a change in the State's water resources management reinforcing the need for improved coordination and planning within and between levels of government and water users. South Carolina's drought response program emphasizes integrated planning and response, which includes a committee composed of local and state representatives who are responsible for evaluating drought conditions to determine if action beyond the scope of local response is needed. At the local level, water users, such as water systems, industries, and power generation facilities, are responsible for maintaining drought management plans and response policies. The foundation of local drought management plans and policies is system specific drought triggers, identification of alternative water supplies, and public education. A unique component of each plan is the designation of drought triggers specific to each system that can be used separate from, or in conjunction with statelevel drought triggers. System-specific drought triggers include information such as reservoir levels, number of days of supply remaining, and average daily use while the State uses more traditional indices such as the Palmer Drought Severity Index (Palmer, 1965) and Standard Precipitation Index (McKee et al., 1993) for state level declarations. This project will demonstrate the effectiveness of using the integrated planning approach by comparing drought intensity, frequency, and duration of droughts indicated by local vs. state triggers.


The reaction of the silylated of the substituted pyridine ligands 2-(methylamino)pyridine, 2-hydroxypyridine, 2-mercapto-pyridine, and 2,2'-dipyridylamine with λ 5 -halogenophosphoranes yields, via trimethylsilyl halide elimination, a series of neutral hexacoordinate λ 6 -phosphorus compounds, in which a four-membered chelate structure is achieved by donation of the electron pair from the pyridine nitrogen to phosphorus in addition to formation of P−O,; P−N, or P−S bonds


Free carriers in semiconductors often dominate their optical and transport properties. Collective excitations of these electrons/holes, due in part to limited dopant solubility, are in the infrared (IR) or terahertz (THz) regime [1]. In the past, experimental studies of semiconductor carrier plasmons were limited to photon-based measurements or reflection electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) because of their superior energy resolution [2, 3]. Unfortunately, these techniques are limited in spatial resolution.


Resource is main object in the grid.The goal of establishment of grid is taking good management of the resources,achievingresource.Matching between grid resource and users' demands and supplying all the resource,which users can use,are core parts ofgrid management.To analyze current resource selection algorithm,and basedon all above,a new algorithm ispresented.The advantagesof tabu search algorithm and genetic algorithm are combined.Utilizing tabu list to limit hybridize of genetic algorithm and escape gettinginto local search.Finally,new algorithm is compared to genetic algorithm.


Objective To investigate the expression of intestinal epithelial stem cell markers Msil and Hesl in mouse acute radiation enteritis (RE) model. Methods Forty female BALB/c mice were undergone one-time whole abdominal irradiation by 300 cGy/min β-ray. Thirty mice were selected before irradiation (Day 0) and every six mice were euthanized at day 3,5,7 and 14 after irradiation. The small intestinal were detached and the expression of Msil and Hesl were detected in middle part of small intestinal by quantitative RT-PCR, Western blots, and immunohistochemistry. Subsequently,the difference of Msil and Hesl expression was compared. Results The mouse acute RE model was successfully established. At the 5th day after radiation, the results of quantitative RT-PCR indicated that the relative ΔCt value of Msil and Hesl expression were 15. 17 ± 0. 47 and 15. 83 ± 0. 24respectively, the results of Western blot showed that the integrated intensity were 0. 443±0. 055 and 0. 301 + 0. 047 for Msil and Hesl. The expressions were significantly higher than other time points at RNA and protein levels (P<0. 05). The results of immunohistochemistry revealed that Msil and Hesl were highly expressed in intestinal crypts at 5th day and 7th day. Conclusions The expression of Msil and Hesl, upregulated before wound repair in RE model, indicates that intestinal epithelial repair is related to intestinal stem cell proliferation.

Key words:
Enteritis; Radiation injuries,experimental; Intestines; Stem cell; RNA-binding proteins; Hesl protein,mouse; Gene expression


The size of the U.S. police-reported motor vehicle crash problem is analyzed in four dimensions: crash involvement type/role (e.g., single vehicle roadway departure, left turn across path); subject vehicle body type (i.e., passenger cars, light trucks/vans, heavy combination-unit trucks, medium/heavy single-unit trucks, and motorcycles); type of metric (i.e., crashes, involved vehicles, persons killed/injured, and monetary cost); and problem size referent (i.e, U.S. annual, per-crash, per-vehicle, per-driver, and per mile traveled). A valid assessment of market opportunities for ITS or conventional crash avoidance countermeasure requires a precise understanding of the target crash involvement types addressed, the types of vehicles likely to be equipped, and the pattern of countermeasure application (e.g., factory-installed versus "pay-as-you-go"). Monetary assessments of crash problem size may be based on narrow economic loss criteria or comprehensive societal value criteria. From a cost-benefit perspective, the most meaningful target crash problem size statistics for many ITS devices are monetary measures of the expected lifetime target crash experience of individual vehicles of different body types.


A series of controllable Pd/(Ni) catalysts were synthesized by the use of galvanic replacement between electrodeposited nickel and palladium in [PdCl4]2− containing solution. The mechanisms of galvanic replacement were investigated by monitoring the potential variations versus time, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The electrocatalytic activities of the prepared catalysts were evaluated by linear sweep voltammetry for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in 0.5 M H2SO4 and formic acid oxidation in 0.5 M H2SO4 + 0.5 M HCOOH. In addition, the effect of the Ni loading amount on the final morphology, chemical composition and electrocatalytic activity of the galvanically replaced Pd/(Ni) catalysts was studied. The results indicated that the morphology of the Pd/(Ni) changes from thin film to nano/micro dendrite depending on the amounts of electrodeposited Ni loading. The sharp and relatively symmetric peaks that were observed in the voltammograms indicated the reversibility of electrochemical hydrogen absorption/extraction. The same Tafel slopes estimated for all Pd/(Ni) suggested the predomination of Volmer–Heyrovsky mechanisms in catalyzing the hydrogen evolution reaction. In addition, the Pd/(Ni) thin film catalyst exhibited superior electrocatalytic mass activity towards the oxidation of formic acid (1.39 A mg−1 at the peak potential). Moreover, comparison of the Pd/(Ni) thin film activity with some other palladium-based catalysts in some recent studies with relatively good results showed that the galvanically replaced Pd/(Ni) thin film has great potential as a fast, easily prepared, and active electrocatalyst for formic acid oxidation.


Background: In the recent years, segmentation of the liver has appeared to play a vital role in field of medical applications. Segmentation is one of the important aspect of image processing, that is applied to organs in the human body to identify the tumors and the cancerous cells. Images that are obtained by the Computed Tomography or Magnetic Resonance Images are processed with the help of segmentation to detect the damaged or the infected areas in the body. Method: Lots of algorithms have been implemented for the segmentation purposes in the practice of medicine nowadays. Here, a survey of various liver segmentation algorithms are analyzed and precised.


We present a model to include non-perturbative corrections t heavy-quark fragmentation. The model is based on next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic per turbative threshold resummation and on an analytic QCD coupling not containing the Landau pole. We compare the predictions of the model against the experime ntal data fromB and D meson fragmentation ine+e− annihilation. Our model gives a good description of the expe rim ntal data without introducing any free non-perturbative parameter.


Huang57 area is one of exploration,evaluation and development of Jiyuan oil field,Chang8 reservoirs are one of key horizons in the Huang57 area.With the degree of exploration and evaluation of the deepening and the development of the implementation effect analysis,we found differences in the Huang57 area production appear relatively larger problem.This article from the reservoir to start research,according to two belt focus on rock and mineral characteristics of pore structure,physical characteristics such as differences in several aspects of comparative research to identify the differences affect the capacity of the main factors for the next step to carry out reservoir evaluation transformation process technology for the reservoir to provide a basis for research.


An approximate algorithm for calculating coordinates of the center of gravity of non-linear join sets when performing defuzzification is considered. Application of the algorithm will increase the speed, accuracy and efficiency of defuzzification of a fuzzy process control.


Telepresence is the technology that allows human beings to remotely monitor, supervise, and control a wide variety of tasks. These tasks range from medical examinations to space discovery [1]. Teleoperation, as the underlying foundation of telepresence, saves money and lives by replacing and relocating human elements from dangerous or harmful environments such as factories' production lines, mines, ports, logistic centres, and so on. On the other hand, this technology can improve life quality by offering healthcare services to remote and rural areas, where access to clinical experts is dangerously limited. Moreover, in the context of autonomous systems, telepresence can provide the human elements, including operators and users of various applications, with the ability to either deliver or receive same services without physical limitations that degrade the quality of the corresponding service. Teleoperative capability of autonomous systems provides supervisory control, observability, and interruption, if needed, to increase the reliability and trustworthiness of the autonomous agent. Furthermore, with teleoperated autonomous systems it is possible to manage multiple agents centrally, but in a distributed fashion. This will not only increase the efficiency and effectiveness, but also improve the scalability of such systems. On the other hand, teleoperation in autonomous systems offers a great framework to generate considerable amount of expert demonstrations for advanced deep learning approaches such as reinforcement and imitation learning, in which access to expert policy is a critical challenge. Whereas, with operating and commanding an agent remotely in the desired working environment, generating and collecting stateaction pairs in a variety of conditions. However, teleoperation frameworks generally suffer several threats and challenges, including time delays, uncertainties, safety, and cyber-attacks [2]. Time delay is one of the most critical factors that should be taken into account in the design and development of teleoperation systems of any kind. Transmission of command/control and sensory information


Background: The success of the learning process greatly affects the formation of self-concept including the mechanism of coping stress. This affect the selection of coping mechanisms as they mature, whether adaptive or maladaptive. Concentration is an important aspect for students in achieving success in the learning process. Purpose: The of this research aimed to know the influence of brain gym to the concentration level of learning in school children. Method: The method research used experimental with Quasy Experimental Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The samples were 40 people with Sampling Probability Sampling technique that was Simple Random Sampling. Result: The results of this study used The Army Alpha Intelligence Test. Pretest result in intervention group was 3,75 ±1,410 and control group was 2,95 ±1,820. Post test result showed that in intervention group was 7.40 ±1,930 and control group was 2.15 ± 1,496. Data were analyzed using nonparametric statistics Mann Whitney U Test. Obtained U = 12.000 and p = 0,000 <0,05 so H0 is rejected and Ha accepted. Disscusion: The increased concentration can be caused by brain gym can increased O2 supply to the brain so that the memory and concentration increased and decresed of tension.


With a view toward laser isotope separation of Si, we have studied infrared multiphoton dissociation (IRMPD) of room temperature trichlorosilane, SiHCl3. Over the wavelength range investigated, multiphoton dissociation of the room temperature species exhibits a maximum efficiency at 12.6 μm and a threshold fluence of only ∼1 J/cm2. Vibrational overtone preexcitation of SiHCl3 to the first SiH-stretch overtone (2ν1) prior to IRMPD results in a 10-fold increase of the dissociation yield compared to molecules with only thermal excitation. In an effort to collect the nascent SiCl2 dissociation fragments, we have tested a number of different molecules that could serve as a scavenger to convert them into a stable gaseous compound. Several of these molecules react directly with trichlorosilane after being decomposed by collisional energy transfer from vibrationally excited SiHCl3 and therefore are not suitable for a laser isotope separation process. Of the compounds tested, we find that only BCl3 scavenges SiCl2...


Propagation of stationary longitudinal waves in a hot (Maxwellian) plasma is investigated, when the wave amplitude, phase velocity, and electron temperature are such that the relativistic effect is...


The invention discloses a TPU (thermoplastic polyurethane) mulch which can be completely degraded. The TPU mulch comprises the following components in parts by mass: 40-80 parts of TPU particles, 0.05-2 parts of antioxidant, 0.05-3 parts of ultraviolet light absorber, 0.5-50 parts of calcium carbonate, 0.5-20 parts of diatomite, 0-2 parts of calcium stearate, 0-1.8 parts of stearic acid and 0-0.5 part of black colour masterbatch. The TPU mulch effectively overcomes the defect that the traditional PE (polyethylene) mulch can not be degraded and also solves the problem that a biological degradable mulch can not be completely degraded. The TPU mulch can guarantee physical properties while extremely low thickness is realized, so that production cost is effectively reduced.


The threat to public health is immense when wastewater is not adequately disinfected before being irrigated, exposing people to infectious diseases. Chlorine dioxide is known to be effective against protozoans. It also does not form trihalomethanes (THMs) that are carcinogenic and encountered when chlorine is used as a disinfectant. Chlorine dioxide has not been used for disinfecting wastewater because of problems encountered in accurate determination of chlorine dioxide residues. Its use has been limited to drinking water. Measurement of chlorine dioxide is problematic due to interferences from suspended solids and color in wastewater. The objectives of present studies were to measure chlorine dioxide residuals in wastewater spectrophotometrically using Lissamine Green B (LGB). Care must be taken in obtaining LGB and for these experiments I used LGB obtained from Sigma Aldrich. This dye procured from different manufacturer gave different results. Dry media chlorine dioxide was used to generate ClO2 solution on-site. Demand studies were done on different kinds of wastewater to study the chlorine dioxide demand pattern. Chlorine dioxide in wastewater was estimated by LGB method which is pH sensitive and thus pH must be maintained to get reproducible and reliable results. This method was found to be effective at measuring ClO2 residuals from 3 to 0.1 mg/L concentration range.


Warren Edward Buffet, born August 30, 1930, is the Chairman, CEO, and largest shareholder of Berkshire Hathaway, a publicly traded investment holding company. Buffett is well-known for his value investing philosophies and for his personal frugality.[1] Buffett has a near unmatched investment track record in the industry, generating compounded annual gains of 20.2% between 1965 – 2010 versus 9.4% S&P 500 performance during the same period.[2] I have chosen to study Warren Buffett not because he is an investing legend, but because of his ability to lead by example in the various domains of his life.


Named entity recognition is a fundamental task in biomedical data mining. Multiple - class annotation is more challenging than single - class annotation. In this paper, we took a single word classification approach to dealing with the multiple - class annotation problem using Support Vector Machines (SVMs). Word attributes, results of existing gene/protein name taggers, context, and other information are important features for classification. During training, the size of training data and the distribution of named entities are considered. The preliminary results showed that the approach might be feasible when more training data is used to alleviate the data imbalance problem.


Automatic control of the bed temperature is key to the stable and economic operation of large CFB boilers.The first 300 MW CFB boiler in Sichuan Baima Demonstration Power Plant introduced from ALSTOM,France,adopts the cone valve of external bed for bed temperature control.During the trial running of unit,based on the conditions on site,the measuring point arrangement for bed temperature was optimized,including changing the locations of middle and lower measuring points,modifying the unreasonable limited logic of PI controller,adjusting the parameters of PI controller,prolonging the oscillating period of cone valve.The application shows that the fluctuation range of bed temperature can be controlled within 50 ℃ in the light of automatic control for bed temperature,providing a good foundation for the putting into operation of CCS.


Abstract Among the most used carriers for pharmaceutical and cosmetic purposes, niosomes are biocompatible and versatile systems, capable of enhance the therapeutic effects of encapsulated drugs for topical and transdermal treatments. Overall, the nanometer size and flexibility of these systems can improve the skin penetration and permeation of several drugs, but the suspension obtained after their preparation does not present the required rheological properties for topical use. Polymeric hydrogels can be employed, since they are compatible, and ease made, maintaining the integrity of nanostructures, besides promoting suitable formulation viscosity and spreadability. Therefore, this association can affect topical formulation properties, depending on the polymer type, purity, cross-links density, and by the electrostatic interactions between polymer and vesicle surface charges. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT


Abstract The differential diagnosis of optic neuritis is broad and varied. We report the case of a 24-year-old Brazilian man who presented with five-week history of fever, malaise, myalgia, severe fatigue, tender right preauricular lymphadenopathy, and acute vision blurring associated with right optic disc swelling and exudates in a macular star pattern. His illness developed soon after an infestation of fleas broke out among his cats. Diagnosis of ocular bartonellosis was confirmed by serological and molecular analyses targeting amplification of Bartonella spp. htrA gene. Signs and symptoms only improved after initiation of antimicrobial therapy.


The aging phenomenon, which threatens a great section of the world population and constitutes a risk group, may affect the feelings of men and women related to aging and the elderly. As the necessity and importance of discussing the problems caused by the biopsychosocial changes associated with the aging phenomenon have increased day by day, in this study the subjective well-being levels and perceptions on aging in terms of the variable of gender were determined. The current study employed the field survey method aiming to explore phenomena in their natural conditions. A total of 266 participants participated in different age groups in the study. Two data collection tools were used in the current study. The first data collection tool is an interview form consisting of a total of 4 questions designed to investigate how aging is perceived; the second data collection tool is wellbeing scale. The comments that have been subject to descriptive analysis are experienced. The results revealed that the male and female participants generally perceived the old age as a negative situation. It was observed that the situation felt annoyed by both groups in the aging process was the biological changes. The second negative situation for the participants is the psychological anxieties related to aging. As a result, although they are from different age groups and gender, the participants are considered as aging, biological, psychological and social change complexity. The media is an important element in the formation of this negative situation by making more fearful and worrying publications about physical changes related to age or aging. Article visualizations:


SOCHOR, Jiři. Analysis of the protection of company assets PEDST. [Bachelor thesis]. Tomas Bata University in Zlin. Faculty of Logistics and Crisis Management. Institute of crisis management. Supervisor: doc. Ing. Miroslav Tomek, Ph.D. Level of professional qualifications: Bachelor (Bc). Study program: Process Engineering Study: Risk Control. Zlin: FLKŘ UTB, 2014, p 54. Subject of the thesis is a literature review analyzing the protection of company assets PEDST. The practical part describes the different kinds of security and their analysis. The aim of the study was to analyze a security risk and a proposal for reducing certain security risks in the company PEDST.


Layered LiFe1−xCoxO2 was prepared in the whole composition range by ion-exchange reaction in a molten eutectic mixture of LiCl and LiNO3 at 260°C. The magnetic properties were studied by means of magnetic susceptibility and high-field magnetization measurements. Layered LiFeO2 exhibits a Neel temperature of TN=20 K. Some cationic disorder is present but seems to have no effect on the magnetic properties. The saturation magnetization and the number of effective Bohr magnetons are consistent with the high spin state (S=52) of the Fe3+ ion. A two sublattice model consisting of antiferromagnetic order between ferromagnetic layers is proposed with an estimation of the ferro- and antiferromagnetic interactions. Replacing iron by cobalt leads to an increase of the Weiss temperature θ up to x=0.4 but at the same time the antiferromagnetic long-range order is destroyed. The effect of cobalt on the superexchange interactions is also discussed.


Marocella hainanensis sp. nov. described here was collected from the Middle Cambrian Damao Formation in Yaxian County, Hainan by the author in 1987, 1988 and 1991. In association with this new species are the trilobites Xystridura, Galahetes, Kootenia and Pagetia; the bradoriids Houlongdongella, Yaxianella, Ophiosema, Indota, Guangdongella, Mannocosmia, Plesidielymella and Bradoria, and the brachiopods Lingulella, Homotreta, etc. This new species is discovered for the first time from the Middle Cambrian of China.


Objective To investigate the changes of serum SE-CAd and CEA levels in 32 patients with lung cancer before and after operative therapy.Methods Serum CEA levels were determined with RIA and serum SE-CAd levels with ELISA in 32 patients and 30 controls.Results Before operative therapy,serum CEA and SE-CAd levels were significtly higher in the patients than those in controls(P0.01).Twenty-two of the 30 patients receiving operative therapy showed no sign of recurrence for 6 months and their serum CEA and SE-CAd levels dropped within normal range.However,in the 8 patients with recurrence,serum levels of CEA and SE-CAd remained abnormally high.Conclusion Serum CEA and SE-CAd levels are closely related to the disease process of lung cancer and are of prognostic value.


: This paper mainly adopts EIQ analysis method and ABC analysis method to optimize the inventory of a chain supermarket in Northeast Sichuan. By adopting the statistical methods of Pareto analysis, frequency distribution analysis, ABC analysis and cross analysis, this paper analyzes the outbound volume of the chain supermarket in a period. After analyzing and calculating the characteristics of the customer and goods of the order, it classifies them according to the characteristics and selects the right storage place, facilities and equipment for the goods in the warehouse, which also provides some improvement strategies for the warehouse planning.


A novel assay based on expressing FRB-tagged candidate vesicle-binding protein reveals that KIF13A and KIF13B bind preferentially to early endosomes, whereas KIF1A and KIF1Bβ bind preferentially to late endosomes and lysosomes.


tently better examination performance than in courses employing lectures and no daily quizzes. As shown in Lovell-Troy's (1989) recent review, more than 80 percent of introductory sociology courses use either lectures alone or discussions with lectures. In an early investigation of variables influencing attendance at lectures, Lloyd and his associates (1972) varied lectures in terms of their relevance to forthcoming examinations. Not surprisingly, attendance declined when content did not bear directly on the examinations. In another condition, when the "right to attend" lectures was made contingent on completing assignments, there was no increase in completion of assignments. More recently, Rysberg (1986) reports that students in a course involving unit testing to mastery not only performed significantly better than those in a lecture course, but also rated the course more positively. Similarly, Meredith (1985) reports that class members' perceptions of intimacy were related negatively to class size and positively to the use of discussion rather than lecture. The ratings of intimacy, in turn, were related positively to the students' evaluations of the course. Cohen (1983) reports similar results, in which class size, in a negative relationship, was the single most important predictor of evaluation of the lecturer's performance. In the typical lecture course, the instructor lectures for approximately an hour; assigns a textbook, which is recited to the students; and gives one or two examinations (which are returned to students only after a week or more) and a final (which is never returned). In the mass of material presented to students, what are they supposed to learn? How can they reasonably be expected to distinguish the important from the trivial? The need to help students master material is recognized increasingly in the literature, but the lecture method remains dominant (Mayer 1986; Saltman 1988).


Objective To study respiratory management during anesthesia for esophageal atresia repair in neonates.Methods Anesthesia records of six neonates who had tracheoesophageal astria repair in West China Hospital since april 2008 were reviewed.The respiratory management strategies for anesthesia induction and maintenance were collected.The vital signs including heart rate,breath rate,PETCO2 and SpO2 at various time points during anesthesia were analyzed and anesthesia related complications were reviewed.Results Sevoflurane-based anesthesia was used for induction and maintenance for all cases.Spontaneous breath was maintained until the ligation of fistula.All neonates were adequately ventilated,no severity respiratory depression and aspiration occurred in any cases.During the anesthesia induction,the heart rate,breathing rate,PETCO2 and Sp02 were stable.From chest opening to tracheoesophageal fistula ligation,the heart rate,PETCO2 and breathing rate were slightly increased while SpO2 was well maintained with gentle assisted ventilation.Conclusion Spontaneous breath can be easily maintained by using sevoflurane-based anesthesia up to the ligation of tracheoesophageal fistula for neonates undergoing tracheoesophageal astria repair,which may maintain an adequate ventilation while reducing the risk of aspiration.

Key words:
Esophageal atresia; Anesthesia; Sevoflurance; Respiratory management


INDUSTRIAL COUNTRIES have recently experienced considerable increases in their general price levels. These increases have revived interest in the study of inflation and of policies to stabilize prices. Investigations into the causes of inflation have dealt frequently with the effects on prices of the pressure of aggregate demand against existing capacity. The degree of demand pressure is not observable directly, and, for this reason, it must be measured by some stand-in or proxy variable, such as the ratio of unfilled orders to sales, the ratio of inventory stocks to sales, and indices of capacity utilization.1 The main purpose of this study is to examine, for selected industrial countries, the relationship between inflation and one such measure of demand pressure, namely, the rate of unemployment. The description of the model employed and the discussion of empirical results are preceded by a brief review of some theoretical issues that arise in the context of the analysis of movements in wages and prices in relation to demand pressure.


In the mechanical applications, research for degenerate bifurcations is usually connected with the normal form theory of nonlinear dynamical systems. In this paper, we mainly concern with the unique normal form for a class of three dimensional vector fields by the method of transformation with parameters. With the aid of the Maple software, a recursive formula for computing the coefficients of the normal form is given. Our results can be easily applied to investigate the direct bifurcation and stability of any model which can be written in this.


As one of the most crucial actors of the working life, trade-unions face various problems today. One of the most important problems among those is the concept of trade-union democracy. It is quite significant both for working life and for operating democracy that trade-unions are transparent, unambiguous, explicit, interrogable; do not involve patronage (pride) system; and have structure that appreciate the members and their opinions. Lacking the trade-union democracy, it seems difficult to secure social peace and justice


The rate of infusion into distilled water of caffeine and of Mg, Mn, K and P have been measured. The coffee used was roasted Kenyan Arabica coffee, ground, and sieved to a size range of 1.70–2.00 mm. The analytical techniques employed were HPLC for the analysis of caffeine and ICP-AES for analysing mineral ions. The kinetic data have been interpreted in terms of a steady-state theory, and the rate constants of infusion have been calculated. The diffusion coefficients of the various species within the bean were calculated from the resultant rate constants. These values have been compared with the corresponding diffusion coefficients in pure water at 80°C and the hindrance factors in the bean have been determined.

© 1999 Society of Chemical Industry


At first glance, the postcommunist world appears to offer succor to contemporary social scientists. All of our theories of democracy and democratization seem to work. In comparing divergence in trajectories of democratization, the poor ostensibly trail the rich; Muslims seem to lag behind Orthodox Christians, and Orthodox Christians behind Catholics and Protestants; the west seems to prevail over the east. Ethnically divided countries appear to encounter more arduous obstacles to an open society than do more homogeneous ones. Self-interested politicians pursue the reelection imperative with the same alacrity and single-minded intensity that they do in the west and everywhere else. Political institutions seem to reflect and promote the interests of their makers. Such comforting notions, however, rest on shaky empirical foundations. Some of the predicted patterns may indeed be detected. But the relationships are more tenuous than any strong version of the theories rooted in the major paradigms suggest. Generalizations such as those sketched above are usually based on anecdotal comparisons of a small number of cases, often selected to make a specific theoretical point, or on


Martial artyoga dynamic are the systematic sequenced designs of biomechanical movements synchronized with breathing techniques that maximize circulation and energies the whole body system. In order to assess the real facts the investigator made an attempt to examine the impact of silambam practice training after Suryanamaskar practice on physical variables of school boys. To achieve the purpose of the study 30 school boys were selected from Chinmaya Matriculation Hr.Sec.School, Coimbatore. Their aged of the subject ranged from 12 to 14 years. Selected subjects was randomly assigned to two groups group I underwent Silambam practice after Suryanamaskar Practice (n=15) (SPASP), group II acted as control group (CG). The Silambam practice after Suryanamaskar Practice was given to the experimental group for 3days per week for the period of 8 weeks. The control group did not practice in any training except their routine work. The following variables were measured with standard test items: physical fitness variables Re-action time and cardio respiratory endurance. pre and post test was conducted on separate days with warm up. The re-action time assessed by penny cup test with unit of measurements seconds in time and cardio respiratory endurance assessed by coopers 12minitus run or walk with unit of measurements in meters. To find out the individual effect 't' test was applied at 0.05level of significant. The result of the present study physical variables speculated significant improvement due to the Silambam practice after Suryanamaskar practice of school boys.


1- (2,3-dideoxy-β-D-erythro-hexopyranosyl) thymine was used at several positions as nucleoside substitute in the synthesis of oligonucleotides using the H-phosphonate chemistry. A 13-mer with one hexose nucleoside substitution at each end had equivalent hybridization properties as compared to the non-modified 13-mer. However, addition of a second analogue at each end or modification in the middle of a 13-mer caused a sharp decrease in melting temperature. Substitution at the 3′-end with two nucleoside analogues was necessary to withstand the action of snake venom phosphodiesterase.


Cosmetic results and quality of life (QoL) are increasingly important in the treatment of breast cancer. This study was designed to determine the relationship between QoL and both subjectively and objectively measured cosmetic outcomes of breast‐conserving therapy (BCT), and its course over time.