Geophysical interpretation of seismic reflection data was carried out around Umureute and Amiynaibo to determine the hydrocarbon capabilities of the area under study. The data were collected using the seismic reflection technique of geophysical prospecting for hydrocarbon. A total of fourteen seismic reflection data were collected and interpreted using the principles of picking, timing, posting and contouring. This study revealed the presence of two major growth faults and two minor faults. The contour maps shows that the horizons deepen from north east to south west which is an indication that the migration path for fluid is from south west to north east. Results indicated further the presence of two closures against the major faults which acts as migration seal to the prospect. The study has shown that hydrocarbon capability exist in Umureute at a depth of 1822 meters while the capability of Amiynaibo exist at a depth of 2130 meters below ground level.


70 Background: Tumor Growth Factor β (TGF-β) plays an important role in cancer development. There are three TGF-β isoforms in human: β1, β2, β3. OT-101- an antisense against TGF-β2 – has been shown to be active against glioblastoma and pancreatic cancer and melanoma in various phase 2 clinical trials (NCT00431561, NCT00844064, NCT04862767). In the glioblastoma phase 2 trial, OT-101 single agent was as active as temozolomide (TMZ) (NCT00431561). Methods: To understand the MOA of OT-101, we analyzed the tumor microenvironment including TGF-β and IL-2 through CBioPortal and Km plotter portals to access more than 10,000 pts across multiple clinical trials (Cerami E et al., Cancer Discov (2012) 2: 401; Gao J et al., Sci-Signal. (2013) 6:269; Lanczky A et al., (2012) J Med Internet Res 26:e27633). Results: Surprisingly, only low TGF-β2 was predictive of OS and not TGF-β1 nor TGF-β3. Analysis was performed using quartiles for mRNA level and significance was declared only if the trend was consistent across all quartiles. As OT-101 is the only TGF-β2 specific therapeutic, this would explain the failure of other TGF-β clinical programs. Tumor microenvironment has significant impact on TGF-β2 driven survival including mutation load, regulatory T cell, CD8, Th2 regulatory T-cell, B-cell, macrophage, and MSC. The combination of these factors resulted in improved separation between the low TGF-β2 and the high TGF-β2. In pancreatic cancer (PDAC), macrophage and mutation burden/neoantigen burden were the most important factors. Combined, they drove median survival from 15 to 73 mos (p=7.6e-05). Low TGF-β2 enhanced survival across multiple therapeutics including FOFIRNOX for PDAC; TMZ, Radiation, and Bevacizumab for GBM, and PD-1 for melanoma. For radiation therapy in GBM, there was a steady increase in median survival across the quartiles (25, 73, 93, 95 mos, p=7.68e-08); for TMZ therapy there was a similar trend across the quartiles (25, 50, 114, 95 mos, p=5.25e-10). For PD-1 in melanoma, the ratio of IL-2/TGF-β2 was the most potent, driving upper quartile survival of patients treated with PD-1 from 6.7 to 15 mos (p=5.4e-06) with more than double the long-term survivors normally seen with PD-1 therapy. Conclusions: These findings are supportive of a significant role of TGF-β2, but not TGF-β1 nor TGF-β3, in cellular immunity against the tumor and support the development of OT-101 as an immunotherapeutic agent. There are currently multiple combination trials with OT-101 including IL-2, PD-1, and FOFIRINOX with the pivotal phase 3 trials being planned for PDAC and diffuse midline glioblastoma (DMG).


Since the mid-twentieth century, a conflict has developed on a national scale between the provinces of La  Pampa and Mendoza (Argentina), producing a so-called decrease in the amount of water from the Atuel river.  The main objective of the study is to try to reconstruct the hydrological conditions of Atuel river, from the  end of the eighteenth century to the mid-twentieth century and, in this way, analyze the claim of La Pampa  about the water volume reduction, attributed to the intensive agricultural use made by Mendoza, in the  middle basin. For this, a trend line of the Atuel river flows was created, using archival documents, traveler  stories, studies of naturalists, and military incursions, in which the pre-instrumental period is especially  considered. Subsequently, a comparison was made, based on reconstructions developed from other related  disciplines such as dendrochronology, glaciology, and meteorology. The results confirm that the Atuel River  presents a sustained decrease in its flow —although with pulses of floods and cyclical droughts— since the  end of the nineteenth century. In the observed pulses, important dry periods appear during the nineteenth  century, which even would have prevented that the basin flowed into its waters to the Colorado River, which  was supposed to be the normal situation before 1900. Main Ideas: Review article that proposes a hydroclimatic reconstruction of the Atuel river based on the analysis of historical documentation, contributing to the debate on the interprovincial conflict between Mendoza and La Pampa, and the research about the appropriation of water from "irrigated land" vs "deserts".


Summary Cyclonic storms (often called hurricanes, typhoons, or cyclones) often cause population declines in vulnerable bird species, and the intensity of these storms appears to be increasing due to climate change. Prior studies have reported short-term impacts of hurricanes on avifauna, but few have examined long-term impacts. Over two decades (1993–2018), we periodically surveyed a subspecies of West Indian Woodpecker Melanerpes superciliaris nyeanus on San Salvador, a small island in The Bahamas, to determine its distribution on the island, habitat use, and effects of hurricanes on abundance and population size. We conducted passive and playback surveys, supplemented with mist-netting. Woodpeckers were found only in the northern part of San Salvador, despite extensive surveys throughout other accessible areas of the island. Birds occupied areas with taller coppice adjacent to sabal palm Sabal palmetto groves, which were used for nesting. After hurricanes with >160 kph winds passed over San Salvador, woodpecker densities declined to 35–40% of pre-hurricane densities, but generally recovered back to pre-hurricane densities within 2–3 years. Based on an estimated density of woodpeckers within a ~1,400 ha occupied area, we calculated a population size of approximately 240 individuals (CI = 68-408). However, the population declined to far lower numbers immediately following hurricanes. Under IUCN Red List criteria, M. s. nyeanus classifies as 'Critically Endangered', and could be especially sensitive to future hurricanes if they occur at a high enough frequency or intensity to prevent the population from rebounding. Given the small size, isolation, and vulnerability of this population, we recommend preservation of the core habitat, continued monitoring, and further research. Our study shows that small, threatened bird populations can be resilient to the effects of hurricanes, but increased intensity of hurricanes, in combination with other threats, may limit this resilience in the future.


P1 phosphazene is a strong non-ionic base able to catalyze the esterification of various glycerol derivatives with fatty methyl esters at room temperature – properties responsible for the selectivity observed in this study. Indeed, when the reaction was conducted at room temperature in an organic solvent, and especially in acetonitrile, we showed that the different fatty glycerides produced could be trapped during the catalytic process as a pure product by simple precipitation. Using these experimental conditions, it was therefore possible to perfectly and selectively control the successive esterification steps of various glycerol derivatives and the regioselectivity of this reaction, affording a very competitive alternative to the enzymatic pathway. Moreover, the precipitation of the reaction products during the catalytic process affords a very facile purification work up, and allows the recycling of both the organic solvent and the organocatalyst, therefore limiting the environmental impact of the presented process.


In this book, I have tried to show that it is only with the rise of dramatic realism that the figure of the Cynic truth-teller begins to provoke sustained interpretive crisis, a crisis that takes shape in the sixteenth century and that goes on to drive key developments in our literary, philosophical and political history. Through my readings of Shakespeare's plays, I have also tried to show that literature – along with its academic offspring, literary criticism – is uniquely positioned to diagnose the interpretive errors that consequently underwrite philosophical and political ideas about the means of achieving extreme critical agency. What these two overarching aims have in common is the critical methodology I develop in order to advance them, and I conclude this book by briefly commenting on the value this method holds for early modern studies in particular and for the discipline of literary studies in general....


Various kinds of attacks on communication networks are among the most serious threats to information security. Although there a k t s a reasonable amount of knowledge on security measures (e.g. cryptography) the overall state of network security can hardly be considered satisfmtory. In this contribution 'we make the point that this lack of achievement is rather to be blamed on problems of integrating and operating security measures than on the mechanisms or algorithms themselves. Therefore, we perceive the most urgent efforts to be required in the field of security management. Since key management is the part of security management that is most specific to networks, we will focus on problems and solutions in this field


the Told and the Untold —Rethinking the historiography and history of the early modern East-West encounter, with Chinese export porcelain as case study by Wenjie Su B.A., The University of Hong Kong (2013) Submitted to the Graduate School of Humanities in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Research Master of Art: Art History of the Low Countries in its European Context UTRECHT UNIVERSITY August 2015


It is discussed in this paper that atopic city, even if it is developed as an urban theory in the 20th century, defines the city of the 21st century. It refers to every place and no place. It is conceptually different from utopia and dystopia, because it focuses on today not future. However, the changes in the relations of atopia, city and technology lead the conceptual framework of atopic city to change as well. Those changes are discussed through the shift of physical space to cyber space, meta to data, transportation networks to communicational networks, supermodernism to hipermodernism, panoptic to cybernetic, object to image, experience to impression, and cityscape to datascape in the paper. The language of the atopic city is significantly changed due to the developments in the computer technology in the 1990s. Atopic cities are designed computationally within a virtual environment in the 2000s. Those cities are generally designed by the same tools and in the same environment. That computational design process enables a new atopic city language to be created. We need to understand that language to understand today's city. The paper is therefore based on the atopic city language, and the change of that language actually.


Pretreatment of the antitumor protein neocarzinostatin with heat, ultraviolet or white light, and thiols inactivates the drug, as measured by the cessation of phage T2 DNA strand scission in vitro. The inactive forms obtained are identical with pre-neocarzinostatin on the basis of isoelectric focusing, molecular weight determination, and changes in circular dichroism spectra. In incubations together with neocarzinostatin and T2 DNA, the inactive form inhibits strand scission to a considerable degree. This result suggests that both forms compete for a limited number of available DNA binding sites.


The authors report results of experiments with various insulation materials and both low and high induced anisotropy energy iron-base metallic glass ribbons. Co-wound insulation films as well as conformal insulations were investigated. Magnetic properties and voltage hold off strengths are reported. No insulation investigated was found to be perfect for pulse power applications, with uniformly good voltage hold off, low induced stresses, and high packing fraction.<<ETX>>


The tris(phosphine oxide) {Ph2P(O)}2CHCH2P(O)Ph2 readily undergoes double deprotonation to give the dimeric cluster [(THF)Li({Ph2P(O)}2CCH{P(O)Ph2})Li]2.3PhMe (1), after recrystallisation from toluene, the first example of a formal 1,2-dicarbanion stabilised by phosphorus.


Considers various approaches to the study of comparative marketing, suggesting methodology that provides an adequate framework on which to base comparative domestic marketing studies. States the first objective here is to explore various definitions of the term 'comparative marketing' to place the area of study in its rightful place; second, is to suggest a methodology provide an adequate framework on which to base domestic comparative marketing studies. Proposes that if improvement in the state of knowledge is to take place, commonality of terminology and methodology must first be established. Concludes that information provided gives the background necessary to achieve desirable objectives.


Borland's kylix product seems to have been abandoned. With it could disappear a nice Delphi add on: CrossKylix. But the future may not be so dark, because a successor is being worked on, ready to replace CrossKylix: CrossFPC.


Labile iron pool (LIP) is intracellular nonprotein bound iron that can generate oxygen radicals via the Fenton reaction resulting in oxidative cell damage. Therefore, quantitative measurement of LIP will be helpful for detecting and monitoring the toxic iron status in iron overloaded patients. This study demonstrated LIP level and its correlation to oxidative stress status in β‐thalassemic erythrocytes.


Strategic management literature suggests a relationship between systematic risk and the relatedness of merging firms. This is tested for a sample of 120 large mergers by controlling for the systematic risk of the target firm, correcting for possible problems of heteroskedasticity, and estimating shifts in risk over daily as well as monthly time horizons. Finally, the influence of leverage is considered. The findings highlight a performance distinction between corporate diversification and stockholder diversification in instances of related and unrelated mergers.


An $n\times n$ matrix is called a $Q_{N^{1}_{0}}$ matrix if for every $k=\lbrace 1,2,3,\ldots ,n \rbrace $ the sum of all $ k \times k $ principal minors is non-positive. A digraph $D$ is said to have $Q_{N^{1}_{0}}$-completion if every partial $Q_{N^{1}_{0}}$-matrix specifying $D$ can be completed to a $Q_{N^{1}_{0}}$-matrix. In this paper $Q_{N^{1}_{0}}$-matrix completion problem is considered. It is shown that partial non-positive $Q_{N^{1}_{0}}$ -matrices representing all digraphs of order $5$ with $q = 0$ to $7$ have $Q_{N^{1}_{0}}$ completion.


We introduce the notion of a vague incidence graph and its eccentricity. We apply the results to problems involving human trafficking and illegal immigration. We are particularly interested in the roll played by countries' vulnerability and their government's response to human trafficking. We show of the leading illegal immigration routes through Mexico to the United States that Somalia has the highest eccentricity. We also provide measures on how much a region needs to reduce flow or increase government response to be modelled by a fuzzy incidence graph. It turns out that the Commonwealth of Independent States has the largest measure for both vulnerability and government response than any other region.


The article analyzes the works of A. A. Block, which became the source of Esenin's lyrics, as well as his treatise "The Keys of Mary". At the center of the analysis is the cycle of the Block "Poems about the Beautiful Lady" and his journalism, which was published in the left-wing Socialist-Revolutionary edition "Znamya Truda". The article reveals the main Block's ideas, images and motifs creatively perceived by Esenin (the image of the way, ideas about art as a force transforming the world etc.). The author of the article makes a first attempt to briefly analyze the stages of Esenin's assimilation of the idea of eternal femininity: the author reveals textual links between Esenin's early lyrics ("To My Princess", "Dream") and Block's works; considers the poem "She Grew up beyond the Distant Mountains..." as the source of "Do not Wander, Do not Crumple in the Рurple Bushes...". It is proved that the dialogue of meanings and images in both works is a vivid and significant example of literary continuity. A special place in the article is occupied by the topic "N. V. Gogol Тhrough the Еyes of Block" in the perception of Esenin, which previously did not become the subject of special analysis.


Objective:To discuss the emergency treatment and nursing for patients with epilepticism induced by cerebral infarction.Methods:36 patients with this disease were treated with controlling seizure,decreasing intracranial pressure and correcting electrolyte disturbance,combined with the certain nursing measures.The patients' conditions were carefully observed and symptomatic treatment was applied.Results:34 of 36 patients healed up through the effective emergency treatment and nursing.Conclusion:This disease can be cured through early emergency treatment and the best care.


Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites (OIHPs) molecular multifunctional switching materials have been widely studied as an excellent supplement to the conventional all-inorganic perovskites due to their structual diversity and property adjustability. However,...


At present,there exist the problems such as ignorance of the importance of "Two Courses",the lower theoretical standards of the teachers,lag of teaching content,unitary teaching method,obsolete teaching technology,and unilateral testing in the teaching of "Two Courses",which have affected the pointed relevance and effect of the teaching.Therefore,it is indispensable to intensify teaching reform,enhance leadership,achieve unity in understanding,strengthen faculty professional capacity,enrich teaching content and so on to improve the pointed relevance and effect in the teaching of "Two Courses".


This paper discusses the need of an automated system for detecting print errors and the efficacy of Convolutional Neural Networks in such an application. We recognise the need of a dataset containing print error samples and propose a way to generate one artificially. We discuss the algorithms to generate such data along with the limitaions and advantages of such an apporach. Our final trained network gives a remarkable accuracy of 99.83\% in testing. We further evaluate how such efficiency was achieved and what modifications can be tested to further the results.


Working in a field perspective requires a radical change in our approach to the therapeutic encounter. We need to focus on what is called "the situation", and the concept of intentionality should take on great importance. The personality-function of self often leads to repetitive intentions through acts or meaningaking that prevent contact with novelty. For this reason, gestalt therapists could fruitlully 'go back' to the concept of intentionality, as prior to any formation of conscious intent or agency. My assumption is that the intentionality of one who is in presence of another person has to be sought through affectivity, that is, through the way in which the other is affected by the encounter. Far from any premature differentiation or assignation of responsibility, unaware pre- or non- conscious intentionality should be approached as it becomes more and more aware, and available to new and provisional differentiations. As a result of this proposed shift, some new ground is given to a psychopathology of fore-contact. The therapist's self-revealing receives new meanings


Objective(s): The purpose of this study was preparation and evaluation of PVA-Fe3O4 nanofibers as nanocarrier of doxorubicin (DOX) by measuring their drug release together with their in vitro cytotoxicity toward cancer cells at different pH values. Methods: Fe3O4 nanoparticles were synthesized by coprecipitation method. The composite nanofibers of polyvinyl alcohol containing nanoparticles and anticancer drug DOX were fabricated by electrospinning method. The nanostructures were characterized by different techniques. The drug release was investigated by UV-Vis spectrophotometer at different pHs and 37.5 C. Results: In vitro drug release experiments show that the doxorubicin release at pH= 6.0 is promisingly more and faster than drug release at pH= 7.4. The fitted equation of release curves corresponds to Peppas model. Also, MTT assays indicate that the MNPs-doxorubicin-loaded nanocarrier has cytotoxicity comparable with free drug. Conclusions: The synthesized nanocarrier was successfully used for the efficient delivery of an anti-cancer drug into the tumor region. The DOX-loaded nanocarrier showed a steady and sustained release profile in vitro up to 72 h. The drug release from nanocarrier was better described using Peppas model.


Children are the next generation of the survival of a nation, so that
the family, society and the state is obligated to protect and ensure the rights
granted to the child so they can run the nation's obligations later on as a
successor.To protect and ensure the rights of children, then the government
have set it specifically in the law No. 23/2002 about the protection of the
child and the local regulation of DIY province number 3/2012 about the
protection of women and children. However, at the present time, there are
many cases that make children as victims of violence such as physical
violence, psychological violence, sexual abuse, neglect and exploitation as
happened in Sleman district.Based on this, Sleman district government has
formed a forum in addressing violence against women and children (fpk2pa).
This forum has a role to coordinate the fulfillment of services to victims in
legal aspect, medical aspect, psychological aspect, social aspect, and
economic aspect so that the needs of the victim on these things will be
fulfilled.


Qualitative assessment of kymograms and open quotient (OQ) values were obtained from VSK examination of over 300 patients presenting with vocal fold (VF) immobility or dysmobility. Qualitative assessment showed reduced amplitude of VF vibrations in patients with VF immobility. The OQ values for the anterior, middle, and posterior areas of the VF were higher compared to the control group.


Alkylation of isobutane with C3−C5 olefins currently produces alkylates that are the highest-quality and cleanest-burning gasolines. Four processes are widely used; two employ sulfuric acid as the catalyst, whereas the other two employ liquid HF. Processes that employ solid catalysts have yet to be commercialized. This paper comprises a review of recent findings concerning the fundamentals (chemistry of alkylation plus side reactions, mass- and heat-transfer steps in the acid/hydrocarbon dispersions, characteristics of dispersion, etc.), i.e., the physicochemical events. A sequence of over 30 chemical, physical, and transfer steps is outlined and explained, for probably the first time. Better understanding of the fundamentals strongly suggests that much improved processes can be developed.


The present study was undertaken with the aim to find prevalence of biofilm forming ability among Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates. A total of 129 clinical isolates were identified from clinical specimens by standard microbiological techniques. Biofilm formation ability among these isolates was studied using in vitro bifilm formation assay. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) were studied using procedure as described in Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Among 129 isolates, the prevalence of aminoglycoside resistance was 75.2 % out of which 70.1% were found to be biofilm producers. The MIC for Tobracef in aminoglycoside resistant strains ranged from 8 to 16 μg/ml and for other antibacterial drugs it ranged from 16 to 256 μg/ml. The MBEC for Tobracef in biofilm producing isolates was ranged from 32 to 64 μg/ml and for other antibacterial agents, it ranged from 1024 to 8292 μg/ml. When the effect of half of MBEC of drugs were evaluated on preformed biofilms, Tobracef significantly reduced viable counts of bacterial cells presented in biofilms of P. aeruginosa with log reduction values ranging 5.17 to 5.46 logs. Our data showed that Tobracef has significantlly enhanced activity against aminoglycoside resistance biofilm producing isolates. Therefore, use of this antibiotic should be considered to treat the infections caused by


A method for requesting and granting PoC(PTT(Push To Talk) over Cellular) user media transmission authority and a system are provided to enable a PoC client to transmit an MBCP(Media Burst Control Protocol) request message after storing the request message, without a PoC user requesting the messsage again even though a request for media transmission authority is denied, thereby shortening a time for media transmission request. A PoC client transmits an MBCP request message according to a user's request(400). A PoC server checks whether the current state corresponds to a media transmission deny condition, and if so, the PoC server transmits a media transmission deny message including at least one of media transmission timer time information and retry after timer time information to the PoC client(402,404). The PoC client drives a media transmission timer and a retry after timer by using each piece of the time information, and if one of the timers, which has a longer time, expires, the PoC client retransmits the MBCP request message.


This paper describes the organization and activities of the Center for International Research at the Bureau of the Census. There is a formal publication exchange program with other government's statistical programs. This has resulted in the Center's collection being one of the world's largest in the area of international census and demographic information. Foreign statistical publications are in three libraries, one being dedicated to the former Soviet Union and one to the Peoples Republic of China. In addition to the libraries there are two computerized data bases. The International data base is a source of demographic and socio-economic statistics for all countries of the world. The second data base is the HIV/AIDS Surveillance Data Base which contains information related to the publication and dissemination of the results of seroprevalence surveys.


Introduction When the first author was at New Mexico State University (NMSU), the president often stated that three types of universities would exist in the future: 1) those that have the resources to do everything and be great at everything, 2) those that are leaders in selected areas of teaching and research (often leveraging regional resources), and 3) those that focus solely on teaching. Given the need for economic development and revitalization and increasing global competitiveness, the authors believe that, contrary to prevailing thinking, many more universities and colleges across the country can, and should be of the second type; such universities should pursue increased involvement in research and development with their local communities. Through such outreach, they will become engines of economic opportunity and innovation in a way that enlivens the educational process and builds entrepreneurial leaders. Employers expect that graduates, no matter what their discipline, will have the experience and skill sets to function on the cutting edge of technology. This, then, is a set of papers that explores some of the most efficient and rewarding processes to achieve the goal of becoming a partnered research university or college. The authors will explore challenge- or theme-based interdisciplinary research cluster development, strategic hiring, open laboratories, and technology transfer--issues that are of most value to emerging research universities that want to become great research and educational partners; furthermore, the authors describe methods of implementing this change efficiently and in a timely manner. The cluster-based approaches detailed in this paper are for those who have the desire to focus on developing points of excellence that raise the stature of their campuses and increase the capabilities of the surrounding community. Although this strategy can and should be highly inclusive, it involves a decision to emphasize some areas and not others. This approach is based on the experience that investing where the greatest synergistic strength exists within the surrounding community will best increase the support, funding, stature, and economic competitiveness of all partners. University leadership (i.e., board and president) must share the vision and show the determination and support necessary to pursue this strategy, culminating in the targeted dedication of resources. The potential results are remarkable if leadership is willing to take the risk. The authors of this article contend that emerging research universities are vital to developing partnerships with industry that not only enhance the discovery process, but also help to translate those discoveries quickly and efficiently (with real job creation) into creating and making things again (Grove, 2010). Background Rationale for Research Clusters and Becoming an Emerging Research University A research cluster is a flexible and inclusive, team-based, multidisciplinary research structure that encompasses faculty, centers and departments, as well as outside partners in the community (including other universities) and is defined by a common theme or broad focus area inspired by a major 21st century challenge. These groups span across multiple academic departments and colleges within a university in a way that builds strategic areas of excellence around core competencies in research. In 2007, the National Academies released Rising Above the Gathering Storm: Energizing and Employing America for a Brighter Economic Future, a report that describes a "disturbing mosaic" of negative indicators spanning the nation's education, research, and economic sectors that, together, demonstrate the United States' lack of preparedness to compete effectively in the emerging global marketplace (p. 25). The U.S. has enjoyed a position of global economic leadership since World War II, but as Vest (2009), president of the National Academy of Engineering, noted, "[t]he time really has come to slay the dragon of complacency. …


Plants have evolved a diverse set of defensive mechanisms to protect themselves from pathogens. Low molecular weight antibiotics which are either preformed (i.e. phytoanticipins) or induced (i.e. phytoalexins) are weapons in the plant's arsenal. The cotton plant, a member of the Malvaceae, produces a diverse mixture of phytoalexins including hemigossypol, desoxyhemigossypol (Bell et al., 1975; Stipanovic et al., 1975), and lacinilene C (Stipanovic et al., 1975) (Scheme I). In an in vitro assay, desoxyhemigossypol is the most potent cotton phytoalexin against fungal pathogens (Mace et al., 1985). Scheme I


In a sandy area along the Great Wall,a field experiment was designed with 6 kinds of micro-water harvesting planting patterns: zone type 150 cm(DX1),zone type 120 cm(DX2),zone type 80 cm(DX3),film mulching over double furrow(DX4),flat membrane and hole seeding(DX5),traditional cultivation(CK) to determine the effects of micro-water harvesting technique on soil water use efficiency and grain yield of black bean.The results showed that the micro-water harvesting technique could significantly increase water storage capacity in the top soil layer,as well as speeded up growth and leaf area,biomass and chlorophyll content.The best effect was obtained in DX4 planting pattern,the grain yield and water use efficiency increased by 19.6% and 31.4%,significant effects were obtained in other planting patterns.This research indicated that the micro-water harvesting technique showed better water storage effect and could efficiently increase the grain yield and water use efficiency.


A map-based approach, which treats 2-dimensional
acoustic features like image processing, has recently attracted attention in music genre classification. While this is successful at extracting local music-patterns compared with other timbral-feature-based methods, the extracted features are not sufficient for music genre classification. In this paper, we focus on appropriate feature extraction and proper classification by integrating the features. For the musical feature extraction, we calculate gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) descriptors with different offsets from a short-term mel spectrogram. These feature maps are integratively classified using convolutional neural network (CNN). In our experiments, we got a large improvement of more than 10 points in the classification accuracy, compared with conventional map-based methods.
Index Terms: music genre classification, music infor-
mation retrieval, music feature extraction, convolutional
neural network


The microstructures and mechanical reliability of Sn–58Bi solder and epoxy Sn–58Bi composite solder joint were investigated with organic solderability preservative surface finishes. The mechanical reliabilities of Sn58Bi and epoxy Sn58Bi solder were evaluated by the board-level
 drop test and the 3-point bend test after temperature-humidity storage testing. The microstructure and chemical composition of the solder joints were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, respectively. The addition of epoxy in solder paste
 did not affect the morphology of the intermetallic compound. The thickness of the scalloped-shaped Cu6Sn5 intermetallic compound of solder/OSP joint increased with aging time. The drop number until fail for the epoxy Sn58Bi/OSP joint was higher than that for the Sn–58Bi/OSP
 joint; the average numbers of drops withstood by the Sn–58Bi/OSP joint and epoxy Sn–58Bi/OSP joint following the reflow process were fewer than 10 drops and 180 drops, respectively. The drop number of solder/OSP joints decreased with increasing aging time. The result of the 3-point
 bend tests shows that the number of bend cycles for the epoxy Sn–58Bi/OSP joint was 30 times higher than that for the Sn–58Bi/OSP joint. The number of bend cycles for solder/OSP joints was decreased with increasing aging time.


Based on the advantage of wavelet denosing and aiming at the problem that the traditional wavelet denosing will destroy the image edge and lose the details,some improved image denosing methods based on wavelet transform were studied.These methods are the method based on the wavelet transform and median filter,the method by combination of Wiener filter and wavelet filter,the method by combination of wavelet transform denosing and higher order statistics,and so on.Simulation results show that the proposed methods are efficient to reduce the noise while preserving the detail information of the image,and are useful in practical application.


1 Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. 2 Research Centre of Excellence for Nutrition and Non-Communicable Diseases, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. 3 Laboratory of Halal Science Research, Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia


Located in the heart of the Maritimes in Southeast New Brunswick, Moncton has the highest concentration of Acadians in any urban setting in Canada. Over the years, Acadians have increasingly become part of the New Brunswick society. They have greatly contributed to Moncton's development through the creation of genuine Acadian institutions in the educational and financial sectors, which, as a result, have modified the spatio-linguistic configuration and the cultural identity of the place. This new reality has been the object of a series of spatiotemporal analyses using the Geographic Information System (GIS); they show that the dynamics of the Francophone and Anglophone populations in the agglomeration's different sectors lead to the creation of some isolated linguistic groupings. And that unlike the situation in other regions of New Brunswick, the assimilation process of the French-speaking Acadians into the Anglophone majority has slowed down in the Greater Moncton over the course of the last few years. These transformations point out to the crucial role of the Universite de Moncton as an educational, cultural and even political nexus for the Acadians in the Greater Moncton, as well as in the Maritime provinces in general.


The article is devoted to one of the macroeconomic issues - the growth of construction industry as one of the sources of economic growth and the welfare of the population. Drastic changes in the economy seriously affect the ability to create a normal life-support environment for the country's population. The construction market of residential real estate in Russia in the conditions of deep restructuring of the economic system is analyzed. The authors identified three main stages of the development of the residential real estate market and the factors that had a significant impact on each stage. The authors answer the question if the main task of the national project "Housing and urban environment" - increasing the volume of housing commissioning to 120 million square meters per year by 2024-is fulfilled within the term set by the President of Russia. The results of the study are based on data from the Federal state statistics service. The analysis, synthesis and a systematic approach are the methodological base of the article.


The Secondary School of Electrical Engineering "Rade Koncar" in Belgrade has a 5 kW solar power plant. In 2011 the school got the status of priviledged e-lectricity producer until 2022. This paper present the way how to use the proceeds from the solar power plant with an aim to minimize the school's costs for electric lighting. The proceeds from the solar power plant's operation should be first used for replacement of the existing LED lighting and then for purchasing the equipment needed to increase the capacity of the solar power plant from 5 to 10 kW. Thus, the electric power required for lighting would be reduced from 36 to 14 kW, and the power obtained from the solar power plant would meet 80% of energy consumption required for the school lighting. Under the assumption that the school will equally pay the generated and consumed energy in 2022, the costs for electric ligtning would be reduced 12 times.


Data warehouses have become over the last two decades an essential element in the area of economic intelligence. Although the basic concepts related to this technology are now more standardized (multidimensional model, OLAP technology...), the design method issue remains in discussion, since no proposed method does seem attractive enough to be used rigorously in the real case studies. Indeed, most of the 'Data Warehouse projects' simply follow some design guidelines from the most informal methods. In this paper the authors propose an approach based on the use of the sources metadata to provide help in the multidimensional design. Their approach falls into the category of supply-driven methods, and attempts to cover the various stages of the lifecycle of data warehouses design. The proposed method is associated with a MultiDimensional Design Assistance environment (M2DA) to support the automatic and semi-automatic steps, providing the expected forms of assistance, and managing the interaction with the designer. KeywORDS Data Warehousing, Design Method, Metadata, Multidimensional Model


Parents' questions are an effective strategy for fostering the development of young children's science understanding and discourse. However, this work has not yet distinguished whether the frequency of questions about scientific content differs between mothers and fathers, despite some evidence from other contexts (i.e., book reading) showing that fathers ask more questions than mothers. The current study compared fathers' and mothers' questions to their four- to six-year-old children (N = 49) while interacting with scientific stimuli at a museum research exhibit. Results indicated that fathers asked significantly more questions than mothers, and fathers' questions were more strongly related to children's scientific discourse. Results are discussed in terms of the importance of adult questions for the development of children's scientific understanding as well as broadening research to include interlocutors other than mothers.


The data relay satellite as a typical GEO satellite application plays an important role in the TT&C and data transmission based on space. Taking into account operation and production cost of the relay satellite very high, so it is great to significantly improve the social and economic benefits as much as possible to extend the satellite in orbit life. Many countries have adopted without north-south maneuver method to extend the satellite life. However, with satellite incline angle becoming bigger and bigger, the relay satellite to earth antenna pointing is to be not accurate. As a result, the pointing deviation may cause data transmission error rate increasing and reducing the link quality. Based on the relay satellite antenna pointing and operation condition analysis, this paper puts forward the maximum incline angle to meet mission needs, and calculates and vivificates for the maximum angle. At the same time this paper analyzes the influence of small incline angle control strategy of long-term operation and data relay mission of the relay satellite in GEO.


Ultra-wideband (UWB) system is one of the possible solutions to future short-range indoor data communications with large frequency bandwidth. However, it must coexist with other narrowband wireless systems that may cause interference to each other, and furthermore a large bandwidth will inevitably result in multi-path fading. The Rake receiver is applicable to combat multi-path fading but its performance degrades greatly when the narrowband interference (NBI) is present. Although some optimized Rake receivers were proposed to suppress the NBI, such as the minimum mean square error (MMSE) one, their computational complexities are usually too high to be practically implemented. In this paper, we present a new adaptive Rake receiver which can effectively suppress the NBI, based on the nonlinear Masreliez-type approximate conditional mean (ACM) technique. Simulation results show that it outperforms the previous schemes and even it achieves almost the same performance as that of a MMSE Rake receiver but with much lower complexity. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

(UWB must coexist with other narrowband wireless systems that may cause interference to each other, and furthermore a large bandwidth will inevitably result in multi-path fading. In this paper, we present a new adaptive Rake receiver which can effectively suppress the NBI, based on the nonlinear ACM technique. Simulation results show that it outperforms the previous schemes and even it achieves almost the same performance as that of a MMSE Rake receiver but with much lower complexity.)


Reasonable allocation of operational facilities in the context of multilayered reservoirs is the foundation of all scientific and practical work on the development of petroleum fields. The parameters of deposits are subject to changes over the course of development, and therefore the previously identified system of objects should be updated periodically. This is especially true for offshore multilayered fields, mining which is time-limited due to corrosion of hydraulic structures and high costs for their renewal. In this regard, the rate of using offshore deposits should be quite high not only at the initial stages, but also remain so in subsequent mining periods. Maintaining a high rate of mining is often associated with high material costs (drilling new wells to compact the well network, applying new methods of enhanced oil recovery, etc.), which is not economically viable for the fields in long-term operation. As the practice of mining multilayered fields in Azerbaijan shows, the enlargement of objects allows compacting a mining network while maintaining the total number of wells for a field. At the same time, average daily oil production rates significantly increase as a result having included capacities of contiguous objects. The research aimed at identifying similarities or differences between adjacent horizons of the section of multilayered deposits. Based on the delineated boundaries, there are possibilities of their joint operation as one object, separate or simultaneous-separate operation of wells under appropriate technical conditions. As a result of such measures, all the wells are used rationally and the development rates are increased without additional capital investment. Section of objects of the 3rd tectonic block of the Neft Daşları offshore field, confined to the Apsheron archipelago of the South Caspian Depression (SCW). The Rodionov's method was used for a substantial and reliable identification of stratigraphic boundaries. Preliminarily, based on averaged data on 11 parameters, we calculated ꭓ2g:m critical value at 95% significance, corresponding to m=0.05, which is used to assess the state of boundaries between the horizons. Then, by implementing software, the values for the boundaries of adjacent objects were calculated, comparing which with the critical value allowed for a conclusion about possible joint or separate mining of those productive strata. As a result of the implementation of the corresponding program, the clarity of the boundaries between the objects of the 3rd tectonic block of the offshore Neft Dashlari field was determined. The need for joint exploita- tion of horizons VII and VIIa, KS1 and KS2, as well as KaS1 and KaS2 horizons has been determined, which would optimize the mining of the field and is economically feasible.


A 50-year-old female patient was diagnosed with bipolar I disorder. Her first depressive episode was in her teens, and first manic episode at 45 years of age. She was admitted to acute psychiatric ward for a manic episode presenting herself with mood liability, talkativeness, violence, and grandiose delusions. The results of initial laboratory examinations were all within normal limits. On admission day one, the patient received daily valproic acid (VPA) 1,000 mg, lorazepam 2 mg, and flurazepam 30 mg. VPA was uptitrated to 1,300 mg/day on day four in addition to her daily clotiapine 40 mg and chlorpromazine 50 mg while her behaviors became more disturbing. With increased VPA dosage to 1,500 mg/day, her elated mood and grandiosity were gradually improved, but she started to develop confusion, disorganized behaviors, and aggravated daytime somnolence. Chlorpromazine was discontinued on day 14 and changed to olanzapine 5 mg/day. The laboratory data on day 19 demonstrated to have normal serum liver enzymes but elevated serum VPA level (124.1 mcg/mL) and hyperammonemia (111.3 mcmol/L). VPA dosage was reduced from 1,500 to 1,300 mg/ day. But her consciousness fluctuation and disorientation were worsened with increasing serum VPA level (126.7 mcg/mL) and hyperammonemia (434.9 mcmol/L). VPA was totally discontinued on day 22, and she received emergency fluid resuscitation. She received lactulose to eliminate the hyperammonemia. After VPA discontinuation, the patient's disorientation was gradually recovered with olanzapine 10 mg/day alone. Serum ammonia returned to normal range on day 25, and she became oriented and regained clear consciousness one week later. Four weeks after VPA discontinuation, she was eventually discharged home under olanzapine 20 mg/day. Figure 1 shows the temporal relationship of her clinical symptoms, laboratory findings, and VPA dosage.


People living with a disability (PLWD) struggle to find apparel that fits their needs and the appropriateness of the activities they wish to engage. These unmet apparel needs create barriers to social participation, , and also extend into areas that impact educational and employment opportunities affecting their quality of life (Corrigan, Larson, & Rusch, 2009; Kabel, McBee-Black, & Dimka, 2016). Wingate, Kaiser, & Freeman (1985) suggest that lack of appropriate apparel can make PLWD feel isolated, and Lamb (2001) argued that more research is needed to investigate the barriers that exist for PLWD and the extent to which apparel contributes to social exclusion. Using the social model of disability this qualitative research study was designed to explore the unmet apparel needs of PLWD. The results from the study suggest that identified unmet apparel needs negatively impact the social lives of PLWD, which supports the social model of disability.


Abstract Next-Generation Radar (NEXRAD) velocity azimuth display (VAD) winds were available at 10 sites in the northeastern United States during intensive observing periods of the North American Research Strategy on Tropospheric Ozone-Northeast field study conducted in the summer of 1995. These VAD winds represent a potentially valuable routine source of upper-air data suitable for mesoscale four-dimensional data assimilation and other mesometeorological applications. The objectives of this paper are to develop appropriate quality-checking methods for these data during a period with weak dynamic forcing and to learn if their assimilation into a nonhydrostatic mesoscale model, the Fifth-Generation Pennsylvania State University–National Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale Model (MM5), can reduce wind errors in lengthy numerical integrations. Two types of quality checking were applied: 1) a standard internal vertical and temporal consistency check, and 2) a new filter that uses bias-corrected model pre...


Investigates the discriminating properties of the numerous polarimetric parameters and their potential to retrieve electromagnetic mechanisms. This discussion is based on two different approaches: a theoretical work on the connections between the various sets of parameters and the knowledge acquired from the analysis of full polarimetric SAR images provided by several RAMSES campaigns.


A pure dielectric metamaterial absorber with broadband and thin thickness is proposed, whose structure is designed as a periodic cross-hole array. The pure dielectric metamaterial absorber with high permittivity is prepared by ceramic reinforced polymer composites. Compared with those with low permittivity, the absorber with high permittivity is more sensitive to structural parameters, which means that it is easier to optimize the equivalent electromagnetic parameters and achieve wide impedance matching by altering the size or shape of the unit cell. The optimized metamaterial absorber exhibits reflection loss below −10 dB in 7.93 GHz–35.76 GHz with a thickness of 3.5 mm, which shows favorable absorption properties under the oblique incidence of TE polarization (±45°). Whether it is a measured or simulated value, the strongest absorbing peak reaches below −45 dB, which exceeds that of most metamaterial absorbers. The distributions of power loss density and electric and magnetic fields are investigated to study the origin of their strong absorbing properties. Multiple resonance mechanisms are proposed to explain the phenomenon, including polarization relaxation of the dielectric and edge effects of the cross-hole array. This work overcomes the shortcomings of the narrow absorbing bandwidth of dielectrics. It demonstrates that the pure dielectric metamaterial absorber with high permittivity has great potential in the field of microwave absorption.


We investigate the downlink throughput of cellular systems where groups of M antennas - either co-located or spatially distributed - transmit to a subset of a total population of K > M users in a coherent, coordinated fashion in order to mitigate intercell interference. We consider two types of coordination: the capacity-achieving technique based on dirty paper coding (DPC), and a simpler technique based on zero-forcing (ZF) beamforming with per-antenna power constraints. During a given frame, a scheduler chooses the subset of the K users in order to maximize the weighted sum rate, where the weights are based on the proportional-fair scheduling algorithm. We consider the weighted average sum throughput among K users per cell in a multi-cell network where coordination is limited to a neighborhood of M antennas. Consequently, the performance of both systems is limited by interference from antennas that are outside of the M coordinated antennas. Compared to a 12-sector baseline which uses the same number of antennas per cell site, the throughput of ZF and DPC achieve respective gains of 1.5 and 1.75.


A complex structure of the localized regions of generation of fast particles in the MeV range in a plasma focus as a result of azimuthal destruction of the current sheath was observed experimentally. The acceleration of particles is associated with dynamic dissipation of the magnetic field as a result of interchanging the magnetic lines of force. Such effect can explain the acceleration mechanism of neutron generation in classical linear pinches.


On Jan. 2, an experiment known as the rainbow demonstration, which uses a flammable solvent on an open bench, resulted in a tragic incident, with two high school students from New York City being burned ( C&EN, Jan. 20, page 3). The American Chemical Society would like to spread the word about the dangers of this demonstration so no further injuries occur. Sadly, previous warnings have not been sufficient. In December 2013, the Chemical Safety & Hazard Investigation Board released a video that features Calais Weber, a burn victim of a similar demonstration that was carried out in 2006 (see the video at http://cenm.ag/rainbow). The video emphasizes that the incident was preventable—safer practices were not followed. When carried out on an open bench using a flammable solvent, the rainbow demonstration is a high-risk operation. The conditions for a flash fire or deflagration are met—a fuel, oxygen, and a source of ...


There are vague or mistaken understandings about the life story of Chen Chen-the author of Sequel to The Water Margins(Shui-Hu Hou-Chuan).This paper intends to clarify these misunderstandings on the basis of Collections of Poems by Dong Chi Poem Society and materials of other sources.Chen Chen was not only a member of JingYin Poem Society,he was also an important member of Dong Chi Poem Society.From The First Collection of Poems by Dong Chi Poem Society,evidence shows that Chen Chen was born in March 1615,and his courtesy name was "MoRong Jushi"(Resident of MoRong).Eight poems in Collections of Poems by Dong Chi Poem Society were actually attributed to Chen Chen,which has never been discovered so far.All this throws new light on the study of Chen Chen's life story and his poetry.


This thesis deals with the issue of socialization aspects common to youth health and disability. It defines the basic concepts and definitions related to this problem. It introduces the learning process of students with disabilities and students healthy. The thesis is an example of an individual education plan.


ABSTRACT In the discussion of Dr. Lament's evocative and moving presentation of 15 year old Grace's treatment, I focus on the technical necessity of transference interpretation in adolescent analysis. I believe that the pendulum may have swung too far in the direction of developmental help and that a correction is indicated. Issues of turning points in analysis, countertransference, apres-coup, and termination are also briefly discussed.


Human physiological parameters and performance depend on circadian rhythm. However, no information exists about diurnal variation of musicians' performance characteristics. In a pilot study 6 professional violinists (aged 38-57 years) presented a standard piece of music (Johann Sebastian Bach, Partita Nr. 2 a-moll, BWV 1004, 4. Satz "Gigure") and were assessed for body temperature, vital signs and musical performance criteria at 8.00 H, 12.00 H, 16.00 H and 20.00 H. There was no uniform variation but artistic presentation appear to have an optimum between 12.00 and 16.00 H, sound instability being most pronounced in the morning hours.


Using high-dispersion, high-quality spectra of HD 30085 obtained with the echelle spectrograph SOPHIE at Observatoire de Haute Provence, we show that this star contains strong lines of the s-process elements Sr II, Y II and Zr II. Line syntheses of the lines yield large overabundances of Sr, Y, Zr which are characteristic of HgMn stars. The Sr-Y-Zr triad of abundances is inverted in HD 30085 compared to that in our solar system. The violation of the odd-even rule suggests that physical processes such as radiative diffusion, chemical fractionation and others must be at work in the atmosphere of HD 30085, and that the atmosphere is stable enough to sustain them.


Literary stylistics mainly investigates linguistic forms of thematic and aesthetic significance in literary texts.It thus bears considerable relevance to literary translation assessment.This article attempts an assessment of the three translations of Pride and Prejudice by Wang Keyi,Sun Zhili and Zhang Ling Zhang Yang from such stylistic levels as register,rhetoric figures,syntax and speech presentation mode,revealing that each of the three translations has its share of stylistic losses.The author then gives his own translations where necessary.


Among financial time-series analysis tasks, stock index forecasting has been considered as one of the challenging and difficult tasks. Since an accurate stock index prediction enhances stock market returns, it is highly promising research area and has attracted particular attention. In this paper, to predict stock index with complex and nonlinear characteristics, an automatic structure identification (SI) method of TSK fuzzy model is proposed. Typically, SI procedures of fuzzy models consist of relevant input selection, fuzzy rule generation and parameter search space determination. In this study, mutual information is employed to select relevant input variables and fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering algorithm is used to generate fuzzy if-then rules. In FCM clustering, the number of clusters should be fixed in advance. This paper uses performance criterion to determine the optimal number of clusters in FCM clustering. After deciding the optimal cluster number, fuzzy if-then rules are extracted and parameter search space boundaries are fixed. Finally, premise and consequent parameters are optimized by cooperative random learning particle swarm optimization proposed by Zhao et al. To confirm the effectiveness, the proposed TSK fuzzy modeling method and comparison methods are applied to Korea Composite Stock Price Index dataset. The experimental results show that the TSK fuzzy models with the proposed SI method outperform comparison methods.


The study focuses on gold and silver accessory minerals
(native silver, cuprous gold, luanheite (Ag3Hg),
unspecified mineral phase (Cu,Ag,Hg), first diagnosed
in dunites and apodunite serpentinites of the Kyzyr-Burlyuksky
ultramafic massif, which is part of the Kurtushibin
ophiolite belt of Western Sayan. The revealed
ore minerals are mainly observed in the form of single
hypidiomorphic, irregular microscopic precipitates (0.5–
3.0 μm) mainly inside magnetite, much less often in
grains of avaruite. Typomorphic and chemical features
of ore minerals, their natural setting in rock-forming
silicate matrix are characterized. Formation and concentration
of these accessory minerals is associated with
superimposed low-temperature transformation (hydration)
processes affecting original ultramafic rocks. At the
same time, the presence of luanheite and an unnamed
phase (Cu,Ag,Hg), along with the previously identified
potarite (PdHg), is probably evidence of low-temperature
conditions of mineral formation during the manifestation
of epigenetic processes of serpentinization (lowgrade
metamorphism) due to solutions enriched in mercury.
The source of such solutions could be gabbro intrusions
that penetrated later into the main ultramafic body.


About 25% of wild house mice are heterozygous (+/t) for a variable recessive haplotype of the T locus. Although t haplotypes are highly deleterious when homozygous, they are maintained in wild mouse populations because they are associated with transmission-ratio distortion in heterozygous males, which may transmit their t haplotype to 90%-100% of their progeny. In a study of factors affecting variation in male transmission ratio in matings between wild-caught +/t males and +/+ females, we found (1) that male transmission ratio is considerably lower in litters produced as a result of postpartum-estrus matings than in litters produced as a result of cycling-estrus matings, (2) that the frequency of postpartum-estrus litters is much higher when +/t males mate with females caught from the same location as themselves than when they mate with females caught elsewhere, and (3) that, as a result of findings I and 2, the male transmission ratio is considerably lower in within-population matings than in betweenpopulation matings. These data suggest that the frequency of t haplotypes within populations may be correlated with the migration rate and that t haplotypes may be found in high frequencies only in populations for which the migration rate is high.


In this paper guidance is given for the assessment of peat strength for stability assessments based on laboratory undrained simple shear tests (SS). When considering the stability of peat, these tests will yield a conservative estimation of the in-situ strength of the peat mass. The study was motivated by recent interest in renewable energy developments in upland peat areas. The results of more than 111 SS tests from 16 sites in Ireland, Scotland and the Netherlands were studied. It was found that peat strength is strongly influenced by its stress history and also varies as a function of the water content and degree of decomposition (fibre content). The normally consolidated normalised strength ratio (s u / σ v ') from SS tests of peat was found to be approximately 0.4, which is towards the lower bound of previously published data for peat. Comparisons of strengths derived from SS and field vane tests showed the ratio of the strength derived from the two tests was influenced by the degree of decomposition and that previously published correction factors for field vane strengths are inappropriate. Guidance is given for engineers working on future schemes on upland peat areas. This paper describes a study of the shear strength of peat for stability assessments using the Simple Shear (SS) apparatus. The motivation of the study was to provide guidance to engineers designing infrastructure and assessing the stability of peat deposits. Tests were conducted on peat samples from 16 sites from Ireland, Scotland and the Netherlands and cover a range of peat of varying water content and degrees of decomposition. In-situ vane tests were carried out at a number of the sites and the results of these are compared to the strengths obtained in the laboratory. The main conclusions from this study are:


Article is devoted to analysis of theoretical social state model, its probation in the conditions of the world economy crisis and the regulatory role of G20 in finance. An important condition for promoting social development becomes an incentive of increasing share of private sector and persons financing, in comparison with government financing. In conditions of economic decrease most governments reduced budget directed for social development programs and have become more widely use methods of tax regulation.


A general process for designing feedback active noise reduction headset based on the H2/H∞ control theory is described in this paper,several factors limiting the performance of the noise reduction headset are discussed.A high-frequency constraint is proposed to improve the stability of disturbance.Since the noise reduction in the high frequency is restricted,the noise reduction in low frequency will be larger.The proposed method makes it possible to optimize the feedback active noise reduction headset based on the H2/H∞ control theory in a wider frequency band.


Apart from the different biological features which make one a female and the other a male, both live in the same planet and are subject to the same human conditions. In other words females and males have the same human make-ups, tendencies and capacities. It is mind bugging to see that one of the two (female and male), in all things and most times claims superiority over the other. To say the obvious, the society is gender bias as they tend to give more credence to men when it comes to power, fame and wealth. More often the women are seen perspiring behind the scene to show case the man and there is the saying that "behind every successful man there is a woman." If the woman can stand behind working hard to make him successful, she would double the success if she is given the same support given to the man. Rightly put, if women and men are given equal opportunities to function according to abilities, talents and desires the society would benefit economically, financially, educationally and all these will build and sustain the social development of our communities. The issue at hand is not comparing the woman and the man but to see them as two sides of one coin, where the coin is the society. As in a coin, when the appearance of one side is marred or defaced the coin can no longer be accepted as a legal tender, so it is in a society where one gender is marred.


It is required to scientifically understand and master the connotation and requirement of the advanced nature,when educating Party members to maintain the advanced nature.To maintain the advanced nature,we should enhance its construction in a comprehensive way,especially in the aspects of all-level organizations,Party cadres and ordinary Party members.We should mobilize all active factors and arouse the creativity and initiative of staff to maintain the advanced nature of Party members,so as to guarantee the great-leap-forward development of Guizhou University.


Objective To establish an HPLC method for the determination of diphenhydramine hydrochloride in Shexiang Zhuanggu Plaster. Methods The separation was performed on a C18column( 4. 6 mm × 250 mm,5μm). The mobile phase was methanol-1% ammonium sulphate( 53∶47). The detection wavelength was 210 nm. The flow rate was 1. 0 mL·min-1. Results The linear range of diphenhydramine hydrochloride was 0. 163 0 ~ 4. 075 9 μg with a good correlation( r =0. 999 6). The rate of recovery was 98. 8%,RSD = 0. 61%. Conclusion The method was accurate,reliable,sensitive,and can be used for the determination of diphenhydramine hydrochloride in Shexiang Zhuanggu Plaster.


According to the peak interference of melting peak appeared in the curves of PET melting point differential scanning calorimetry test,the experment was carried out from the study and elimination of the thermal history.The regulations that the test highest melting temperature can't completely eliminate the thermal history problem of some sample in the method were found out.Through many aspects citation,suggestions were put forward for the improvement of melting temperature and method of elimination the thermal history.


The concept of visual cues in a paperless workspace is based on converting scanned images into machine-readable text. It requires the development of a variety of new applications, such as automated postal systems, banks, institutions, word processing, and library systems, to name a few. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is an area of computer science that focuses on making machines smart. Hand typing, script, and print text recognition are key study subjects because no 100% recognition can be achieved even if the scanned image is accurate. Text, numbers, and images can all be used to write text in a variety of ways. The basics of Tamil text, previous tasks in Tamil text attention, Tamil letter recognition algorithms, and recognition barriers are covered in this study.


The text states the problem in connection with defining the dilemma of small states, the advantages and disadvantages of being small and gives a brief background of how the problem developed, a brief history of how dependency developed and at the same time offers a solution, a futuristic perspective on development planning that eliminates the problem of dependency. The authors argue that the attempts of supra national institutions and NGO's to foster a Neo Liberal approach to development without implementing strategies for bolstering the social institutions of particular states has crippled their effort to create sustained economic development, although it has contributed to spiking material assets and creating a bubble for the financial sector and certain segments of production but per capita income of the general public has not benefited from such strategies and indeed on some cases their interest of the general public has been hurt. Otto Mena Tallinn University of Technology, Estonia Leon Miller Tallinn University of Technology, Estonia The Significance of Institutionalism for Increasing Wealth 48 Economic activity has to be planned in such a way "as to protect every member of the society from the injustice or oppression of every other member. Justice ... is the main pillar that upholds the whole edifice. If it is removed, the great, the immense fabric of human society ... must in a moment crumble into atoms." (Smith 1976, 687). Smith (1979, 86) (Smith 1979: 13ff.).


BACKGROUND: Suppression of the signal from fat is essential in DW-MRI. The techniques available for fat suppression vary between manufacturers and models of scanners and between versions of software. The optimal method for fat suppression depends on application and magnetic field strength and may require optimisation for a specific protocol, particularly at 3 T. Previous studies have demonstrated the need for combined methods of fat suppression at 3 T. 1 Applications such as DW-MRI in bone or muscle may also require combinations of techniques to simultaneously suppress signals from saturated and unsaturated moieties in fat. A suitable test-object for assessment of fat suppression body DW-MRI should: 1. occupy a large field-of-view (FOV); 2. have a fat spectrum that matches the positions and relative intensities of the main fat resonances observed in vivo; 3. have longitudinal relaxation times that are closely matched to human fat at 1.5 T and 3 T; 4. be composed of stable, inexpensive and widely available materials.


Nuruddin Farah's 'Blood in the Sun' trilogy is a socio-political voyage into the Somali life and consciousness. It is a serious attempt to explore the changes that befell the Somali society and converted into a poor, failure and famine struck state in the present though it was a powerful and rich state in the past. The trilogy is a documentation of the history of Somalia from a philosophical standpoint; it delves into clan and ethnic traditions and, at the same time, expounds the adverse consequences of colonisation that have been invoked by the first wave of the 'Rush to Africa' in the nineteenth century. The article is an endeavour to underline the complex status of subalternity of the Somalis whose palimpsestic historical and political situation forced a palimpsestic identity. Farah's 'Blood in the Sun' trilogy enfolds three novels; i.e. Maps (1986), Gifts (1993), and Secrets (1998) which are reflective of the current failure social and political situation which negatively influences the identity of the natives. The article hopes to be the kernel of further studies handling the complex postcolonial identity of the Somalis from a historical-political perspective.


Data from the XGC1 gyrokinetic simulation are analyzed to understand the three-dimensional spatial structure and the radial propagation of blob-filaments generated by quasi-steady turbulence in the tokamak edge pedestal and scrape-off layer plasma. Spontaneous toroidal flows vary in the poloidal direction and shear the filaments within a flux surface, resulting in a structure that varies in the parallel direction. This parallel structure allows the curvature and grad-B induced polarization charge density to be shorted out via parallel electron motion. As a result, it is found that the blob-filament radial velocity is significantly reduced from estimates that neglect parallel electron kinetics, broadly consistent with experimental observations. Conditions for when this charge shorting effect tends to dominate blob dynamics are derived and compared with the simulation.


A facial expression is one or more motions or positions of the muscles in the face skin. These movements convey the emotional state of the individual to observers. Recognizing facial emotional expressions is important in human-human communication and thus can be an important component in human-machine interaction. In this paper, a facial emotional expression recognition system is presented. The system is based on utilizing distance vectors retrieved from three dimensional (3D) distributions of facial feature points and a neural-based classifier. The emotional expressions are classified using Multi-Class Support Vector Machines (MSVM) and a novel cross-correlation (CC) architecture. Experimental results suggest that the proposed system can be efficiently and cost-effectively implemented in real life application.


Many Countries are making nationwide efforts to reduce the energy consumption which causes greenhouse gas emissions and global warming problems. Energy performance assessments and certification systems have been in force to save energy consumption of residential buildings, and are anticipated to have strong effects through the systems. Korean Building Energy Efficiency Rating System is in its early stages and is considered that the additional upgrade is needed for the accurate assessment. Thus, in this study, the assessment methods of the Building Energy Efficiency Rating System of Korea and the SAP2005 of UK were compared and energy requirements of an actual residential building were calculated with two assessment methods, respectively. The strengths and shortcomings of two systems were analyzed and a way of improving Korean system was suggested.


In order to make positive socio-economic transformations, the concept of the sustainable development was proposed and it can be implemented through the innovation. And startups are among the modern innovation drivers. So, the aim of the research was to identify the key startup success factors and to develop an instrument for startup success evaluation in order to minimize the loss of time and resources and partly overcome the high uncertainty rates, specific to the startup industry, using multidisciplinary approach and, in turn, contribute to the sustainable development implementation. It was found that there are three main constituents which influence the startup success – an external environment, startup activity and an internal startup environment. The determined success factors were analyzed according to the groups which correspond to these constituents. The mathematical model in the form of the Bayesian network for evaluation and prediction of the startup success was developed. It was found that the modeled startup success probability is most likely to be of a low or an average level. The conditional probabilities distribution for the startup success was also analyzed. The developed model can be used for the startups success levels determination in a particular country, specific market, etc.


The Layer by Layer (LbL) technique is adopted for the construction of multilayers encompassing chitosan and graphene oxide (GO) platelets capable of improving the flame retardant properties open cell PU foams. The LbL assembly follows a linear growth regime as evaluated by infrared spectroscopy and yields a multilayer structure where GO platelets are embedded within a chitosan continuous matrix. 3 and 6 bi-layers (BL) can efficiently coat the complex 3D structure of the foam and substantially improve its flame retardant properties. 3BL only add 10% to the original mass and can suppress the melt dripping during flammability and reduce both the peak of heat release rate by 54% and the total smoke released by 59% in forced combustion tests. Unprecedented among other LbL assemblies employed for FR purposes, the deposition 6BL is capable of slowing down the release of combustible volatile to the limits of non-ignitability thus preventing ignition in half of the specimens during cone calorimetry tests. This has been ascribed to the formation of a protective coating where the thermally stable char produced by chitosan serves a continuous matrix embedding GO platelets, which control volatile release while mechanically sustaining the PU foam structure.


Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) mitigation is extremely important to take advantage of the vastly improved bandwidth, sensitivity, and field-of-view of modern radio telescopes like LOFAR, Apertif (WSRT) and SKA. Due to the high bandwidth requirements, RFI mitigation must be done automatically, and in real-time. In previous work [1], we introduced novel real-time RFI mitigation algorithms that are based on earlier offline methods by Offringa and others [2]. Our approach has the following key design and implementation features. 1)Real-time. Our algorithms were designed specifically for real-time mitigation, and fit in different places of real-time processing pipelines. For instance, our LOFAR prototype can perform mitigation before and after the correlator, and before or after the beam former. In the current SKA time domain prototype, a part of the Central Signal Processor (CSP), we only perform post-beam forming RFI mitigation in software. Because of real-time computational and memory restrictions, our algorithms are designed to work with only very little data. This typically means time windows of only one second or less, and only few frequency channels. The latter is because frequency channels are often distributed over different compute nodes. Therefore, our algorithms keep statistics about past signal properties to improve mitigation performance. 2)High-performance. Our algorithms are extremely fast, and all methods were chosen or designed such that the computational requirements scale linearly in the number of samples and frequency channels. This is a requirement to meet real-time deadlines, but equally important for power budget considerations. We have versions of the code for CPUs and GPUs. The latter are an order of magnitude faster and more power efficient. 3)Scale-invariant. The algorithms are scale-invariant, and work on microsecond to second time scales, and on widely different frequency scales as well. This property is important to make sure the algorithms work in various places in the signal processing pipelines, and on different telescopes. 4)Generic. We aim to make the mitigation algorithms as generic as possible, both in terms of software engineering, making it easier to integrate in an existing pipeline codebase, but also for portability to multiple telescopes and multiple science cases (both in the imaging and time domain). Because of this, the implementation works on visibility data, but also on raw voltages, and beam formed data.


Review: A Survey of Ecological Economics. Edited by Rajaraman Krishnan, Jonathan M. Harris, adn Neva R. Goodwin Reviewed by R. Srinivasan Indian Institute of Management Krishnan, Rajaraman., Harris, Jonathan M., and Neva R. Goodwin, editors. A Survey of Ecological Economics. Washington D.C.: Island Press, 1995. 385 pp. US $24.95 paper. ISBN: 1-55963-411-1. Recycled, Acid free paper. How different is ecological economics from any other branch of economics? Is it any different from traditional micro-economic theory? Are there special techniques, concepts, theories, etc. that are specific to the field of ecological economics? How different is it from environmental economics? These are some of the basic issues that need to be addressed when embarking on a study of ecological economics. The diversity of topics inclusive in the field has contributed to the growth of literature in a number of subject areas, including traditional micro- economic theory, environment and ecology, scientific thought, sustainable development, and natural resource economics and management. To this end, a comprehensive review of the field of ecological economics was long overdue. A Survey of Ecological Economics is the first book in the series, Frontier Issues in Economic Thought, edited by Neva R. Goodwin. The book is a product of the Research and Publication project of the program for the Study of Sustainable Change and Development at the Global Development and Environment Institute, Tufts University. It provides an extensive review of literature in the field of ecological economics. In publishing A Survey of Ecological Economics the editors attempt to develop a unified field or discipline despite the obvious differences in views and theoretical perspectives. A Survey of Ecological Economics is arranged in a sequence that can be easily followed by both novice and specialist in the field: beginning with the historical perspective, then dwelling upon the definitions and scope of the field, and providing an introduction to the theoretical tools and techniques. In addition, the editors introduce specific topics relating to energy and resource flow analysis, and accounting and evaluation. Current controversies relating to international economics, and ethical


The C-shaped root canal system is an aberration of the root canal system in which a characteristic fin or web connects individual canals, resulting in a C-shaped cross section. This configuration has been rarely reported in the mandibular second premolar. The only other known reported case of a C-shaped canal, with its configuration, in relation to mandibular second premolar is of an extracted tooth. The purpose of this report is to describe the diagnosis, configuration and endodontic management of C-shaped root canal in mandibular second premolar. Clinical techniques to addresses the challenges in endodontic disinfection as well as cleaning and shaping of the C-shaped canal, which is prone to endodontic mishaps, are also discussed in this case report. Reporting of this case emphasizes the need and added advantage of using the dental operating microscope hand in hand with conventional radiography in management of the C-shaped root canal configuration.


In this paper a mathematical model is developed for the description of the pulsatile blood flow through an axisymmetric artery of mild varying cross-section, taking into account the tethering effect of the sorrounding tissues.Based on the linear Navier-Stokes equation and boundary conditions,a set of differential equa- tions for the modulus of phase velocity,blood velocities,pressure and deformation of the vessel wall are deduced and the numerical solutions are found by utilizing the Runge-Kutta method.The axial velocity profiles and the peak wall shear stresses are given for both mild tapering tube and mild stenosed tube.It is shown that the peak wall shear stresses in the tethered tube are higher than those in the free tube.It is also shown that in a series of previously research work on peak wall shear stresses of varying cross-section vessels the free vessel assumption has the tendency of under assessing the peak wall shear stresses and vice versa for the rigid vessel assumption.


The paper examines the investment decisions of equity mutual funds during various stages of the COVID-19 pandemic with monthly portfolio holdings. We find that funds have favored firms with lower risk, higher financial flexibility, and larger asset size during the early months of the pandemic. This preference for relatively less risky firms, which later reverses, suggests a reallocation towards safer assets given the higher uncertainty at the beginning of the crisis. We also find that funds preferred growth firms over value firms as value firms with greater invested capital are likely to be less resilient to the crisis-induced shock. Institutional investors have also favored group-affiliated firms throughout the crisis, reflective of their ability to negotiate through the protracted economic shock. Furthermore, our fund-level analysis reveals that the investment approach of funds strongly varied by the extent of the net fund flows. The paper brings out key firm- and fund-level characteristics that impact the asset allocation of institutional investors during extreme market uncertainty.


This article focuses on data analyses and comparisons for aluminium nanopowders (or nanoaluminium, nAl) reactions under slow (0.5-20.0 K/min, using DTA/DSC/TGA) and fast (>10000 K/min, combustion in solid propellant formulations) non-isothermal oxidation. Particle sizes were defined through the BET method. Active Al content was related with the averaged reactivity parameters, taken from published DTA/DSC/TGA data. The specific oxidation onset temperature for nAl was poorly correlated with the BET particle size under the conditions investigated. Furthermore, the BET particle size exhibited no correlation with the observed ballistic response (burning rate) at 3.0 MPa. A logarithmic correlation y = 17.484 ln(x) – 5813, with R2 = 0.73, was found between nAl particle size and its aluminium content. A calibration equation for the oxidation onset temperature as a function of nAl particle size was determined as y = −0.0071x2 + 3.3173x + 479.32, with R2 = 0.75. Specific features of the nAl (metallic aluminum content in nAl and the oxidation onset temperature) can be predicted based on the measured powder parameters (such as BET particle size).


Host-parasite interactions can be harmful or harmless depending on the fitness and stress levels of the organisms. Interactions between the endocrine system, the immune system and energy expenditure are critical in the maintenance of homeostasis during stressful periods in vertebrates. We examined whether lungworm loads (Rhabdias spp.) of male cane toad (Rhinella marina) sampled during the wet season from three different populations, are associated with hormone levels, immune competence, and metabolic status. We found evidence of direct and strong associations between parasite burdens and variables related to hormonal levels, metabolic status and immune competence. We also found that interrelationships among independent variables can change the strength of the association with lungworm loads. These findings suggest that high levels of corticosterone affect immune competence against parasites, both directly and by inducing changes in the metabolic status of the animals. Additionally, high testosterone levels during the reproductive season, influenced variables related to metabolic status, which will also lead to higher parasite loads. Overall, we conclude that the endocrine system and metabolic status in male cane toads are critical to the immune competence against parasites during the reproductive season.


FIELD: food industry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to beverages using a co-product obtained by extracting the juice. Beverage comprises a liquid and a co-product of juice extraction comprising a plurality of particles with an average particle size of 0.1 to 2,000 microns, a total polyphenol content of at least 2,500 ppm, a moisture content of 70 to 85 % by weight and a total peel and seed content of 0.01 to 20 % by weight. Citrus squeezes can be used as a by-product. Co-product includes insoluble and soluble fibers of about 6 to about 20 % by weight. EFFECT: invention provides for improved metabolism and digestion, as well as increased nutritional value and improved organoleptic properties of the product. 23 cl, 13 dwg, 9 tbl, 11 ex


The research aims to identify the impact of the strategy on successful intelligence in the achievement of third graders. In the college of Education curriculum and teaching methods. In order to achieve this, the researcher used experimental design with a partial uncontroled consisting of two groups, one is experimental and the other is ununcontroleded. The researcher chose the University of al-muthanna, college of education, department of history, as a place to conduct the experiment. The sample consisted of (82) students, 42 students, (40) students. In a randomized way, classroom (B) was chosen as a pilot group to study the successful intelligence strategy and the uncontroled group was taught in the usual way. In addition to the objective of the research, the researcher prepared a multivariate selection test. The validity of the test and its stability, as well as the statistical analysis of its vertebrates, were verified. The results showed that the experimental group (T-test) exceeded the experimental group, which was tought according to the successful intelligence strategy on the uncontroled group, which was tought in the normal way. The use of successful intelligence strategy in other variables, such as critical thinking, creative thinking, visual thinking, visual perception.


Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted a great deal of chemists' attention, attributing to their fascinating structural topologies and potential applications in the fields of sorption/separation, non-linear optics, fluorescence, etc. To construct multifunctional MOFs, the selection of ligand is very important. Triphenylamine-type polycarboxylic ligands have been widely concerned because of their excellent performance in the area of the photoelectric functional material. In this work, we chose a nanosized "rigid and soft" tris((4-carboxyl)phenylduryl)amine (H3TPA) as organic ligand. By employing the H3TPA ligand to assemble with M2+ (M=Mn, Cu, and Co) ions, respectively, three two-dimensional (2D) metal-organic frameworks, namely, [Mn(HTPA)(DMA)] n · x G ( FIR-31 , DMA= N , N -dimethylacetamide, G=guest),


The genus Armillaria spp. (Fungi, Basidiomycota) includes devastating pathogens of temperate forests and saprotrophs that decay wood. Pathogenic and saprotrophic Armillaria species can efficiently colonize and decay woody substrates, however, mechanisms of wood penetration and colonization are poorly known. We assayed the colonization and decay of autoclaved spruce roots using the conifer-specialists Armillaria ostoyae and A. cepistipes using transcriptomic and proteomic data. Transcript and protein levels were altered more extensively in the saprotrophic A. cepistipes than in the pathogenic A. ostoyae and in invasive mycelia of both species compared to their rhizomorphs. Diverse suites of carbohydrate-active enzyme genes (CAZymes), in particular pectinolytic ones and expansins, were upregulated in both species, whereas ligninolytic genes were mostly downregulated. Our gene expression data, together with previous comparative genomic and decay-chemistry analyses suggest that wood decay by Armillaria differs from that of typical white-rot fungi and shows features resembling soft rot. We propose that Armillaria species have modified the ancestral white-rot machinery so that it allows for selective ligninolysis based on environmental conditions and/or host types.


Aqueous leaves extract of different concentrations of Azadirachta indica, or Neem was used to investigates their allelopathic effects on seed germination, root and shoot length of some agricultural crops such as Pis- tum sativum , Pennisetum americannum, Raphanus sativus, Cicer arietinum.fresh leaves of neem were curshed and soaked for 24h; the filtrates were diluted to make different concentrations and used to investigate their effect on the test crops. The aqueous leaf extract of A. indica was found to have inhibitory effect on germination and root and shoot elongation of receptor plants. The results indicated that the inhibitory effect was much more pronounced at higher concentrations.


The Moonlight Project was a unique 8-week early years arts programme for young babies (aged 3 to 12 months) that took place from February to April 2015. Find out more.


[Objective]To study the influence of four different distillation methods on extraction of shikimic acid and star anise oil in leaves of Illicium verum Hook.f.[Methods]The extraction rates of shikimic acid and star anise oil were calculated,which were extracted from fresh Illicium verum Hook.f.through water boiling,atmospheric pressure steam distillation,high pressure dry steam distillation,and hot air distillation.[Results]The extraction rates of shikimic acid and star anise oil under water boiling were respectively 91.45% and 0.88%,while those under atmospheric pressure steam distillation were 63.23% and 0.97%,0% and 1.18% for high pressure dry steam distillation,0% and 1.23% for hot air distillation.Besides,the quality of star anise oil through the first two methods was better than that through the last two.[Conclusion]From the perspective of extraction rate of shikimic acid and star anise oil,as well as quality of star anise oil,atmospheric pressure steam distillation is the best,and water boiling follows.Hot air distillation and high pressure dry steam distillation are not recommended to applied for shikimic acid can not be extracted neither star anise oil of poor quality.


Abstract Regulatory sequences controlling important developmental genes are widely viewed as being functionally and evolutionarily constrained by temporal and cell-specific demands on expression. However, the evolution of gene regulation is also viewed as being an important factor in morphogenetic change. To address this issue, we compare sequences of theeven-skipped (eve)stripe 2 enhancer and promoter region within and between species ofDrosophila. The analysis reveals a large number of nucleotide substitutions in regulatory protein binding sites (bicoid, hunchback, kruppelandgiant), as well as a systematic change in the size of the enhancer. We argue that natural selection must be playing a positive role in the evolution of the stripe 2 enhancer.


To investigate the influence of fluctuating temperature on the growth and polysaccharide composition of Microcystis aeruginosa,Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Cyclotella meneghiniana were cultured under two temperature patterns: diurnal fluctuating temperature of 20 ± 5℃ and constant temperature of 20℃. In the present experiment we determined the growth curve,growth rate and the content of different polysaccharide compositions. Results show that growth curves of C. pyrenoidosa under two temperature patterns had no significant differences,while those for both M. aeruginosa and C. meneghiniana under fluctuating temperature were significantly inhibited,and the latter suffered the prominently stronger inhibition. As the experiment proceeded,the growth rates for the three algae under the two temperature treatments gradually tend to be no obvious differences,but their responses to the two treatments had significant differences in the middle of experiment. Therefore,temperature fluctuation posed a remarkable inhibitory effect and a short significant inhibitory impact,respectively,to the growth rates of C. pyrenoidosa and C. meneghiniana,whereas it had no obvious effect on M. aeruginosa,revealing that M. aeruginosa showed a stronger ability to adapt to the short term( 3-6 d) temperature fluctuation. As for polysaccharide,temperature fluctuation markedly promoted the increase of the soluble extracellular polysaccharide content and decreased the bound polysaccharide content and total polysaccharide content of M. aeruginosa,indicating that temperature fluctuation may not facilitate the bound polysaccharide accumulation of M. aeruginosa. Therefore,relative short-time temperature fluctuation will be in favor of establishing and maintaining M. aeruginosa dominance,but relative long-term temperature fluctuation may benefit C. pyrenoidosa dominance more than M. aeruginosa due to decreased bound polysaccharides of M. aeruginosa.


The invention provides an anti-pollution-flashover fluorocarbon coating. The anti-pollution-flashover fluorocarbon coating is a primer-free coating and mainly comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30-70% of fluorocarbon resin, 35-45% of a self-prepared mixed solvent, 10-30% of pigment, 1-5% of a coupling agent, 0.03-2% of auxiliaries, 1-10% of a curing agent, and 0.03-0.2% of a catalyst. According to the anti-pollution-flashover fluorocarbon coating, by researching a coupling agent addition process, a modified nanofiller addition process and a defoaming process, the hydrophobic property of the coating is increased; the external examination electric insulation performance of the modified coating can satisfy anti-pollution-flashover requirements; and the anti-pollution-flashover fluorocarbon coating has good anti-pollution-flashover property and can be applied to pollution-flashover prevention of high-voltage insulators of an electric transmission and distribution circuit.


Li2+ x NdxSi1-x O3 (x= 0~0.15)sam ples have been prepared by the Sol-gel m ethod.DTA,XRD, TEM and A-C im pedance techniques w ere used to study the structures,shapes, sizes and ionic conducties of sam ples. The experim ental results show ed thatthe range ofsolid-solution form sw as 0 x≤0.09,w hile the conductivities ofsam ples rised with increasing am ountofNd2 O3 added,and average grain of sam ples w as 0.20μm .Com pared w ith the sam ples by the conventionalsolid state reaction,the Sol-gelm ethod needed low ertem perature and presented higherionicconductivity.