Abstract Cyanide (CN) toxicity has recently become increasingly a clinical problem with the greater use of Laetrile for cancer treatment and of sodium nitroprusside for blood pressure control. Sodium thiosulfate is an excellent antidote for CN toxicity but not all aspects of its pharmacokinetics have been adequately studied. Applying a specific thiosulfate assay, we measured endogenous thiosulfate, the response to CN infusion, and disappearance after iv injection in normal and anuric dogs. Endogenous plasma concentration was approximately 1 mg/dl; the bile concentration was 15 times higher but biliary excretion accounted for less than 2%, compared to renal excretion. Cyanide infusion decreased endogenous plasma thiosulfate 33% before death. The fast component of the thiosulfate disappearance curve was similar, 3 min, after iv injection (150 mg/kg), while the second component was markedly prolonged in anuric dogs (239 min) compared to controls (47 min). Therefore, a constant infusion of thiosulfate would appear to be the best method of maintaining the high plasma concentration necessary for CN detoxification during the continuous administration or absorption of CN-producing compounds.


Purpose – The paper is aimed at modelling the e‐competence of internet bank customers with a new text‐analytic method.Design/methodology/approach – A web survey using a critical incident technique approach (CIT) and follow‐up interviews was used to sequentially capture verbal accounts of the very first experience of users of a particular internet bank. Text analyses were carried out from the complete set of responses to the trigger questions to synthesise user accounts of these experiences.Findings – These verbal syntheses (as modelled by a Pertex text‐analytic approach) are purported to illustrate e‐competence. A diverging pattern of e‐competency was found. One group of customers was able to handle the web site and the other group felt abandoned and was not able to adopt technology.Research limitations/implications – The study comprised a limited sample of Danish first‐time internet bank customers. Therefore, generalisations should not be drawn as to the competencies of bank customers. Further research c...


Blind deconvolution is a method of recovering transmitted signals from only received signals. The probability distribution method is one of the blind deconvolution methods. This method has two problems: it has slower convergence and its reliability is lower. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm for solving these two problems. The proposed algorithm is as follows. (1) It is based on the adaptive processing with each sample. (2) Kurtosis is adaptively estimated by recovered signals with each sample. (3) Cost function is decided by kurtosis. (4) Transmitted signals are recovered by received signals using decided cost function on the sample time. We confirm the validity of the new algorithm by computer simulation. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 162(1): 56–65, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20317


Motor and vocal tics characterize Tourette syndrome (TS), which is often associated with other neuropsychiatric symptoms (e.g., attentional problems, obsessions, and compulsions). For treatment, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved antipsychotic medications, such as pimozide and haloperidol. An effective medication that does not carry the risk of antidopaminergic medications would be a …


On February 29, 2020, nearly half of incident cases (233 of 565) of COVID-19 reported in Wuhan, China, were from the city's prison system. A separate prison outbreak, 450 miles away, in Shendong, China, was traced to officials who had visited Wuhan and infected seven prison guards and 200 inmates.1 Modern prisons have faced infectious outbreaks but none at the scale of COVID-19's. On March 26, 2020, the United States reported its first death of an incarcerated patient, in Georgia, and New York City jails reported an infection rate seven times higher than in the rest of the city, a current US epicenter of COVID-19. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print May 14, 2020: e1-e3. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2020.305713).


The constitutional and legal regime regulating the President`s criminal liability is a controversial issue as long as the relevant provisions are subject to different interpretations.Article 84 of the Romanian Constitution proclaims the criminal immunity rule for the Romanian President. However, the same article makes a reference to the constitutional rules providing for the absence of any liability in the case of the members of the Parliament concerning their political statements and expressed votes.As a result, a scholarly debate regarding the extent of the presidential criminal immunity started since the adoption of the Constitution in 1991. The legal scholars identified two major elements of the concept of President`s criminal immunity: the legal irresponsibility and the legal inviolability.Considering that article 96 of the Constitution regulates only one hypothesis for which the president is criminally liable, meaning the high treason, the specialized literature tried for a long time to clarify the content of the above mentioned concept. However, the ordinary legislator tardily responded to the problem, and finally regulated the high treason as criminal offence in the New Criminal Code, which entered in force on 1st of February 2014.The article aims to offer a distinctive and personal legal interpretation concerning the significance of the concept of President`s criminal liability and the analysis of the constitutional and legal provisions regulating the topic, taking into consideration not only the scholars' opinions, but also the provisions of the New Criminal Code.In addition, this article will debate about the recently published Constitutional Court`s Decision no. 678/2014, which solved some of the dilemmas concerning the relevant issue of President`s criminal liability under the constitutional and legal provisions in force.


Welded shear studs in composite bridges are subjected to statistical as well as fatigue loading. To proof the fatigue resistance, the so-called Wohler curves (S-N curves) have been established. The slip displacements in these bridges between concrete slab and steel girder however show that, the loading on the studs is more displacement than force controlled. Results on displacement-controlled fatigue push-out tests on shear studs are presented to describe the correlation between slip and bearable load cycles with the Manson-Coffin equation and the correlation between shear forces and slip with the Ramberg-Osgood equation. Both relations are combined to obtain an assessment of internal forces as well as displacements for the verification of the fatigue resistance.


Summary: Override and update are natural constructions for combining partial functions, which arise in various program specification contexts. We use an unexpected connection with combinatorial geometry to provide a complete finite system of equational axioms for the first order theory of the override and update constructions on partial functions, resolving the main unsolved problem in the area.


Based on Constitution of 1945 and Act Number 36, 2009 about health suggests that any individuals, families and sociaty have a right to get protection of their healty, and state is responsible to regulate in order to meet healthy live for their society including poor people. Semarang regency administration already tried to give protection to society related to health assurance through policies that already programmed such Jamkesmas and Jampersal for pregnant woman. Research results showed regulations about health assurance for residents in Semarang, including Local Regulation Number 4, 2008 about proverty solution, Mayor Regulation Number 28, 2009 about Health Care Implementation Direction for poor people in Semarang, and Permenkes No. 2562/Menkes/Per/XII/2011 about Delivery Assurance Technical Direction. Method in order to obtained health assurance in Semarang are by take Jamkesmas Card that already have to the local health care location. Then from health care service implementer will processed and submit the claim to appropriate authorities, namely Health Affairs Department of Semarang.


Abstract
Purpose
In Latin America, technology has been advancing faster than society is able to adjust to it on its own. Thus, information and communication professionals should merge their efforts to research and discuss the relevant role they play in the society transformed by technology.

Methodology/approach
This paper presents and discusses the initiatives that the Brazilian government and stakeholder institutions are developing in regards to ICT and memory and heritage preservation.

Findings
The international relevance of describing the Brazilian initiative of ruling the internet in a non-restrictive way shows the trend the country has adopted.

Social implications
In the current context of development of the Information Society and expansion of cultural economy and digital culture in Brazil, it is imperative to define public policies for digitizing Brazilian memory and heritage collections. Such a national policy involving the three levels of the Federation as well as private institutions committed to the custody of cultural collections, should play an essential role in guiding the efforts to digital reproduction of collections and their publication on the internet.

Originality/value
Brazil is the first country in the world to rule the use of internet openly, in a non-restrictive way, through the Marco Civil da Internet. Since 2007, an academic initiative named Memory Network has been working to promote the digitization and access to Brazilian collections of memory and heritage.


The difference between the Pco~ of alkalinized urine and the Pco~ of blood has been proposed as an indirect means of assessing distal nephron H + secretion. Following oral bicarbonate loading and alkalinization of the urine to pH ~ 7.2, eight of nine children with chronic hydronephrosis and four children with idiopathic distal RTA had low (U-B)Pco.~ values when compared with seven normal subjects. This finding leads us to conclude that chronic hydronephrosis may cause a form of distal RTA which persists many years after surgical diversion procedures have been carried out.


The purpose of this study was to evaluate of forest road's effects on tree and shrub species diversity and some physical and chemical properties of soil in Roudbar's Zilaki region. two roads with different age conditions (5 and 30-40 years) and the same conditions in terms of width and type of construction were selected. Six transects (50m) in each road were established as perpendicular. Three transects in up and three transect in down side of road were considered. Parallel plots with road (2×10m dimension) were determined in each transect in 1, 10 and 50 m distances from the road edge. In each plot, type and number of regeneration species of trees and shrubs were measured and recorded. In order to investigate of physical and chemical properties 3 sample of soil were collected. For investigation of tree an shrub species diversity were used simpson, Minhinic and peilo indices. Paired T-test, ANOVA and duncan were used for analysis of data. The results showed that there is no sognificant difference between regeneration species of trees and shrubs in different distances and in the two roads (Sig=0.737, F=0.309). Also the results showed that there is no significant difference between of Simpson (Sig=1.63, F=0.217), Menhinic (Sig=2.98, F=0.070) and Peilo (Sig=1.85, F=0.178) in oald and new roads. The results showed that there is a significant difference between of Simpson (Sig=0.00, F=11.34) and Menhinic (Sig=0.00, F=10.97) in different distances. But there is no significant difference betwwent of Peilo index in different distances (Sig=0.145, F=2.09). Results od soil properties showed that there is no significant difference between of bulk density (Sig=0.486, F=0.743) and particle density (Sig=0.423, F=0.893) in old and new roads. The results of pH showed that there is a significant difference between of up and down side of road (Sig=0.002, F=11.81) but there is no significant difference between of different distances (Sig=0.051, F=3.37). Results showed that in the new road ec, C and N % in down side of road was more than up side. But in old road the rate of these properties in up side of road was more than down side. The findings showed that the roads affect to adjacent ecosystem effectively and it is essential to reduce the damage and disturbance in construction of forest roads. These results are expected to provide critical information for decision makers to design carefully and appropriate forest roads to minimum damages of habitats to establishment of regeneration and also help to select the proper species bioengineering.
Keywords:Forest ecology, biodiversity, forest road, physical and chemical properties, Roudbar.


This paper considers natural neurons as a physical communication medium and defines a Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) communication protocol on top of the physical layer to construct intrabody nanonetworks, each of which networks nanoscale nodes to perform sensing and actuation tasks in the body for biomedical and prosthetic purposes. The proposed protocol, called Neuronal TDMA, leverages a novel evolutionary multiobjective optimization algorithm (EMOA) to seek the optimal signaling schedule for individual nodes in the network with respect to conflicting optimization objectives such as signaling delay and fairness while avoiding signal interference. Simulation results show that the proposed EMOA efficiently obtains quality TDMA signaling schedules and outperforms existing EMOAs.


The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the use of a bathing assist device, "Bath Assist" (BA), could reduce the physical burden on caregivers providing bathing assistance and also alleviate the difficulty of bathing activities for care recipients. BA is a robotic device that is attached to the bathtub. The seat can be raised and lowered using the water pressure from the shower tap. The four caregivers and four care recipients were paired one-to-one to simulate bathing activity, and the physical burden on each caregiver during bathing assistance was evaluated with and without the use of BA by observation, questionnaire, and wireless surface electromyography. For caregivers, BA transformed the task of assisting care recipients into and out of the bathtub into a monitoring activity. Additionally, the muscle activity of the caregivers' lumbar region, trunk, and upper limbs, which are used to assist care recipients out of the bathtub, was significantly reduced when using BA. Questionnaires confirmed that the use of BA reduced the physical burden on caregivers. These results indicate that BA has the potential to reduce both the physical burden on caregivers during bathing assistance and the difficulties care recipients experience during bathing.


Kinematics of grasping and manipulation of multifingered hand (GMMF) where multi-fingersurfaces contact with an object are discussed. There are many researches about GMMF problem, but most of them discuss on the case of fingertip contacts. In this paper the following problems have been investigated. (1) GMFF problems are classified to direct kinematics, inverse kinematics for grasping and manipulation, which are peculiar to the fingersurface contact. In each case the problems are formulated. (2) For the manipulation of an object, kinematic relationship between object and finger-joint motions are analyzed in the case when the contact motion is pure rolling (PR), twist rolling (TR) , and slide rolling (SR). In each case the number of finger and degree-of-freedom of fingers necessary to grasp and manipulate the object are shown. (3) Manipulation kinematics is characterized by the equations for incremental variations of object motion and finger motion, mediated by contact point variations, unsimilar to the manipulation of manipulator arm kinematics where the equations are expressed by absolute displacement. Some examples of the computer simulation of grasping and manipulation using the abovementioned formulation for various conditions are shown.


The primary aim of the present work was to document and analyse whether it is beneficial to patients and to the health care sector to organise asthma care in primary health care is  the form of ast ...


Abstract he present article analyses the linguistic ideology of Lima Barreto's fiction and literary criticism, through a metalinguistic discourse. In fact the linguistic perspective reveals the powerful dimension of the language, and Lima Barreto makes use of this power in order to fight against social and linguistic prejudice. Adopting both the Discourse Analysis and Linguistic Historiography methodologies, this article is concerned with academic style, linguistic purism and grammatical preciosity in the premodernist language.


The study demonstrates a direct link between housing uncertainty and children's time preferences, or patience. We show that students who face housing uncertainties through mortgage foreclosures and eviction learn impatient behavior and are therefore at greater risk of making poor intertemporal choices such as dropping out of school. We find that large household size and the occurrence of an eviction significantly increases the impatience of children as measured by discount rates. At the same time, we find that living in a single-family home with both parents significantly decreases children's discount rates and thus impatience.


This paper provides us an easier way to understand the undecidability of the halting problem of Turing machines. Our way is easier because author moves forward by discussing some past concepts in an easier way. The concept of Cantor's diagonal argument has been discussed in an easier and simpler way that then helps us in understanding the undecidability of the halting problem of Turing machines.


The use of density functional theory to obtain energy differences related to magnetic coupling constants is debated with special emphasis to the claims by Ruiz et al. [J. Chem. Phys.123, 164110 (2005)] that good agreement with experiment using the B3LYP potential is obtained by ignoring spin symmetry in case self-interaction error cannot be removed.


SOME months ago Dr. Harry A. Bray, director of the Ray Brook Sanatorium, asked me to make a survey of the upper air tracts of the patients under his care. While engaged in this task, certain observations were made on the larynx which seemed of sufficient importance to be included in a separate report. In this study 236 patients suffering from pulmonary tuberculosis and 40 healthy adults were examined. It is important to note that I first examined all the men in one group. After finishing with the male patients, all the women were examined. This gave me an opportunity such as I never had before to compare the appearance of the larynx in a fairly large number of men, taken consecutively, with its appearance in a similar group of women. The group of males consisted of 119 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, whose ages varied from 18 to 74. The


Although much research has been carried out to identify the demographic and psychological variables linked to attitudes toward persons with disabilities (PWD), little research has examined the association between religious/spiritual (R/S) involvement and beliefs and attitudes toward PWD. In this study, a sample of university students without disabilities was surveyed to explore the relationship between R/S involvement and beliefs, frequency of contact with PWD, gender, and attitudes toward disability in four attitudinal domains: inclusion, discrimination, gains, and prospects. Higher endorsement of R/S involvement and beliefs was positively and significantly related to more favorable attitudes concerning inclusion of PWD and the prospects of PWD. Frequency of contact was found to significantly and positively associate with more favorable attitudes about the prospects of PWD. Male respondents reported significantly more favorable attitudes toward PWD in terms of discrimination and gains, whereas female respondents endorsed significantly more favorable attitudes toward PWD for prospects. When controlling for frequency of contact and gender, R/S involvement and belief was found to predict slightly less favorable attitudes about the prospects of PWD. Implications are discussed in light of the interactions between PWD and R/S communities.


The utility model discloses an electric expansion-proof cart, which comprises an explosion-proof motor, a speed reducer, a pair of hanging plates, four wheels in two groups and a lifting device. The explosion-proof motor is connected with the speed reducer. End faces of four wheel axles in two groups are respectively fixed on the pair of hanging plates in pairwise. The lifting device comprises at least one hanging shaft, a lifting plate and a lifting appliance, the lower sides of the pair of hanging plates are connected with the lifting plate, and the lifting plate is hinged with a lug of the lifting appliance. The wheels are supported on the wheel axles through explosion-proof bearings, the outer ends of the explosion-proof bearings are axially positioned through bearing end caps, and connecting surfaces of the bearing end caps and the wheels and connecting surfaces of the wheel axles and the wheels are all explosion-proof jointing surfaces. During running, once the motor and the wheels explode inside, the explosion-proof motor can protect the external explosive environment from affection by internal explosion. The explosion jointing surfaces have explosion-proof effect, so that gas explosion in the external explosive environment cannot be caused.


Objectives: To identify potential factors predicting recurrence after talc pleurodesis for malignant pleural effusion.

Methods: Retrospective study of two cohorts of consecutive patients undergoing surgery for malignant pleural effusion (T VATS/talc pleurodesis number of procedures n = 41, IPC VATS/indwelling pleural catheter n = 41). Data analysed: ASA, performance status, underlying histology, amount of effusion drained at initial procedure, morbidity, recurrence of effusion (RecEff), redo surgery due to recurrence. The definition of RecEff was based on imaging (at least CxR) and related report issued by a senior radiologist. Median radiological follow-up of both groups was identical (8 months). Statistical analysis was done through SPSS ver 21.

Results: The RecEff rate was 20% in the IPC group and 32% in the T group. Fifty percent (4/8) of patients with failed pleurodesis in the IPC group required redo surgery compared to 92% (12/13) in the T group, which was significant. Median time to recurrence in the IPC group was 9 months, in the T group 4 months. In the T group the only relevant factor associated with recurrence was lung cancer histology (P = 0.055). The statistical significance of ASA score >2 (P = 0.042) and performance status 2 (P = 0.019) in this context is difficult to interpret. There were no significant differences between cohorts in age (69.5 years [60-78.2]), gender (41 males and 41 females), ASA (3 [2-3]), performance status (1 [1-2]), millilitres of effusion drained (1600 [1000-2550]), site of primary (mesothelioma 32% of patients, lung Ca 21%) and morbidity (7%).

Conclusions: The recurrence rate after talc pleurodesis was notably higher compared to the IPC group in our study and a significant number of patients affected required redo surgery. Lung cancer histology was the only clinically relevant predictor of recurrence in the talc group, potentially favouring the choice of a primary IPC insertion for these patients rather than chemical pleurodesis.


Visual representations are powerful thinking aids. We acquire and process more information through vision than all other senses combined. It is not surprising that much of the existing project and portfolio management tools are visual. However, visuals have received surprisingly scant attention from academy and practice. The few studies in the area are disconnected from the literature in data visualization itself, where there is a wealth of literature and wisdom about visual representations. This paper, which is partly funded by the Project Management Institute, shares insights from the data visualization literature and proposes principles to be considered for the engagement of visual representations that can help managers to make sense of project portfolio challenges. We conclude with potential avenues for future research on visualization in project and portfolio management.


This report addresses the need for an automated vehicle mode that could use existing rights-of-way with minor modification. This system concept, Automated Mixed Traffic Transit (AMTT) System, refers to a system of driverless electric vehicles for mixed traffic use. Such systems would significantly decrease the labor costs associated with transit operations. Their use of existing rights-of-way indicates that system capital costs would be relatively low compared to conventional modes. The AMTT system has now reached the stage where it has become necessary to examine and identify its potential market. This report examines the characteristics and associated costs of AMTT vis-a-vis its conventional transportation alternatives. A parametric analysis is performed between electrically powered driverless AMTT and internal combustion conventional bus transit to identify appropriate service and operating conditions for AMTT. In this report, an examination of potential application areas indicates that AMTT would be less costly on a total annual cost basis than conventional bus transit in areas where fleet requirements are relatively low and high amount of service, as measured in vehicle kilometers, is desired. This report states that AMTTs may find potential application in medical centers, airports, CBD malls, some universities and colleges, new towns, large shopping centers, and in a number of recreation areas and amusement parks.


This paper presents a comparative evaluation of data mining techniques such as Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Naïve Bayes Tree (NBTree) classifiers for classifying faults in Thyristor Controlled Series Compensated (TCSC) transmission lines. The performance of these classifiers has been evaluated as a multi-class classifier for classifying shunts faults in TCSC lines. The inputs given to the classifiers have been derived from instantaneous currents. The validity of the suggested technique has been tested by modeling a power system with 300 km long, 400 kV TCSC line in PSCAD/EMTDC. Wide variation in fault parameters and system conditions have been considered to generate faults cases for evaluating performance of the classifiers. The training of the classifiers has been carried out with 3,840 fault cases. The performance evaluation with 14,400 test fault cases indicates that the performance of RF classifiers has been consistent in comparison to SVM and NBTree classifiers for classifying faults in TCSC lines.


In recent years, international market are demanding more and more horse meat and its price are arising as well. Horse meat is of high nutritional and hygienical value and our country have the largest number of horses in the world. So we'd better take the superior chance to develop all kinds of horse meat products to meet the people's various needs.


Despite its popularity, there has been a scarcity of evidence for the effectiveness of managerial coaching in academic literature. In the current study, we examined the relationships between managerial coaching and employee in-role performance, organizational citizenship behavior-individual (OCBI), and organizational citizenship behavior-organization (OCBO), with the mediating effect of manager's trustworthiness as perceived by employees. Using 280 dyad surveys collected from the life insurance industry in Taiwan, we found that managerial coaching had a direct impact on employee performance behavior of OCBI and OCBO as well as employee perception to manager's trustworthiness. Bootstrapping analytic findings revealed that managerial coaching also indirectly influenced employee in-role performance, OCBI, and OCBO through employee perception of trustworthiness. The current study findings offer an initial endorsement for coaching effectiveness in this mostly uncharted topic area and further provide empirical ...


Introduction: Diet Quality Index represents one way to study food patterns. Some of them are based on the nutritional density of foods. The concept summarizes the relationship between energy and nutrients to promote and limit, making visible nutrient adequacy in line with energy balance. The objective is to study the quality of the diet and its gaps in a sample of the urban population of Argentina and to describe the food pattern according to levels of nutritional quality using the nutritional density approach. Methods: Data from a self-registration dietary survey on 1030 subjects from 11 cities in Argentina were analyzed. It was determined the nutritional density of the reported consumptions through an index (IDN) based on energy, 9 nutrients to promote and 4 to limit. The IDN of the total diet, 5 moments of intake and food groups was analyzed. Results: The average diet quality was half the standard of a healthy pattern (10.6 out of 20 points). The best results were concentrated in children under 3 years of age (17% presented a good quality diet). Compared to the standard, the quality of lunches and dinners exceeded breakfasts and snacks. Legumes, vegetables, fruits and dairy products were the groups with the largest quality gaps. Occasional and starchy foods in general –also meats– reflected excesses. Preparations and fast meals reached up to 21% of the total nutritional density. Conclusions: The nutritional density approach complements the understanding of food gaps in the Argentine population, providing arguments in favor of interventions aimed at a better balance, particularly in protective foods, which are deficient in the conformation of the food pattern. Keywords: diet quality; nutrient density; consumes; consumption; food gaps.


Hydrogen diffusion and sulfide stress cracking of simulated heat-affected zone (HAZ) of A51665 grade steel were examined using an electrochemical permeation technique, glycerin volumetric method, and constant loading method. HAZ samples were fabricated using a metal thermal cycle simulator with a welding heat input of 20, 35, and 50 kJ/cm. The fractions of bainite and martensite-austenite (M-A) constituent in coarse-grained HAZ (CGHAZ) and intercritical HAZ (ICHAZ) obtained by a simulated thermal cycle with a low heat input (20 kJ/cm) were higher than those with a higher heat input. These fractions contributed to the increase in the reversible hydrogen trap density (N[H]rev) and reversibly trapped hydrogen concentrations (Crev). Although CGHAZ had higher N[H]rev and Crev meaning that it is more likely to be vulnerable to brittle failure by hydrogen, actual fracture by sulfide stress cracking (SSC) occurred in ICHAZ composed of a mixture of soft ferrite/pearlite, and hard bainite and M-A. The hydrogen diffusion/ trapping parameters, which were obtained from the electrochemical permeation or glycerin method, cannot be directly indicative of the resistance to SSC of the steel in a H2S environment. The susceptibility to SSC was more influenced by the level of M-A-localization and localized corrosion attack, acting as a stress intensifier under a tensile load. (Received May 6, 2020; Accepted July 2, 2020)


We have examined the dijet production at the LHC as a hint to discovery of string Regge excitations of Standard Model particles. If the fundamental string mass scale is in the TeV range, the influence of string effects on the $pp$ interaction can arise as new resonances in the dijet invariant mass distribution. Near the first resonant pole we investigate the impact of the subprocesses with quark-gluon and four-gluon separately. We show that the LHC is able to probe the string mass scale $\sim$5 TeV with only 2 pb$^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity at $E_{CM}=14$ TeV.


Introduction (Brian D. Behnken, Iowa State University) 1. Not Similar Enough: Mexican American and African American Civil Rights Struggles in the 1940s (Lisa Y. Ramos, Texas A & M University) 2. The Movement in the Mirror: Civil Rights and the Causes of Black/Brown Disunity in Texas (Brian D. Behnken, Iowa State University) 3. Complicating the Beloved Community: The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee and the National Farm Workers Association (Lauren Araiza, Denison University) 4. The Neighborhood Adult Participation Project: Black/Brown Strife in the War on Poverty in Los Angeles (Robert Bauman, Washington State University) 5. "Mexican Versus Negro Approaches" to the War on Poverty: Black-Latino Competition and the Office of Economic Opportunity in Texas (William Clayson, College of Southern Nevada) 6. Cesar and Martin, March '68 (Jorge Mariscal, University of California-San Diego) 7. Black, Brown, and Poor: Civil Rights and the Making of the Chicano Movement (Gordon Mantler, Duke University) 8. Brown Eyed Soul: Popular Music and Cultural Politics in Los Angeles (Luis Alvarez, University of California-San Diego and Daniel Widener, University of California-San Diego) 9. Raising a Neighborhood: Informal Networks between Black and Mexican American Women in South Central Los Angeles (Abigail Rosas, University of Southern California) 10. A New Day in Babylon: Black and Latino Relations at the Dawn of the Millennium (Matthew C. Whitaker, Arizona State University)


The utility model provides a light guide plate parameter test tooling, characterized in that a guide rail is arranged on a bottom plate and is perpendicular to a first strip light installing plate, and a second strip light installing plate slides along the guide rail. By employing the light guide plate parameter test tooling, one tooling can test various types of light guide plates, and each type of light guide plate does not need to wait the processing of the respective test tooling after being produced, thereby saving the cost, shortening the test cycles of the light guide plates, and accelerating the overall production schedule of a liquid crystal screen.


Linnaemyia compta (Flln.) is one of the most important natural enemies of Agrotisypsilon (Rott.) in the larval stage in the western part of Inner Mongolia. Its percen-tages of parasitization are 10.2% and 34.7% respectively for the first and the secondgenerations of the afore-mentioned host. This tachinid fly has 3 generations a year in Huhehot district. The parasitic period of the first generation is from the third decade of May to June, and that of secondgeneration is in July--August. It overwinters in the first instar larva of the third genera-tion (overwintering generation) within the larva of either Euxoa exlamationis (L.) orEuxoa segetum (Schiff.) Development of the first generation lasts about 40 days, thesecond, 51 days in average, the last generation, about eight and half months. The percentage of emergence in each generation of ten decreases because of death,hyperparasitism, etc. of the pupae; the percentage of emergence of the first generation is70.5%, the second is 81.2%. The emergence climax in a day is at 6--8 o'clock a. m.and the time of emergence of the female and the male are much the same. After emer-gence, the adults copulate on that day, a male generally can copulate over 10 times inits life, but a female receives copulation 2--3 times only. The proportion of the femaleof the first and the second generations are 58.2% and 56.6% respectively. The adultsvisit blooming crops such as purple vetch, carrot and buckwheat and suck their nectar.The supplemental nutrient for adults greatly increases their longevity. The longevity ofthe female of the first generation fed with dilute honey average 13.6 days, i.e. an in-crease of 0.94% or 7 days more than those not fed with honey, and that of the males12 days, an increase of 1.11% more than those not fed. The longevity of the secondgeneration fed with honey shows a greater increase. The supplemental nutrient alsoplays an important role in the reproductive potentiality of the female and those fed onlywith distilled water do not lay eggs. This tachinid is ovoviviparous the embryos beingfully developed in the mother's body. These embryos have no chorion. The embryonaleggs are separately laid on the surface of the soil on which the host is moving and plantoccupied by the host. The reproductive potentiality is very strong, a female can lay over1,000 eggs. After the embryonal eggs are laid they soon strip embryonal teguments andbecome true larvae. This free living stage, beginning from stripping to entering into thebody cavity of host, is called planidium. The longevity of the planidium is related toits stopping places, those live in the plants lead a longer life than those on the surfaceof the soil, the former is 7.5 days in average, the latter, 4.2 days. The planidium crawlswith a wriggling motion, the moving range is generally 1--3 cm, the longest distance re-corded is 8 cm. Planidium enters into host through its integument, only those whichentered into the host after the third instar can reach full development. When the plani-dium enters into the host, the older the instar of the host, the more advantageous for thelarvae of tachinid; not only the period of development is shortened, but also the lengthof body increases. In one host only one tachinid larva can complete its development.After fully developed, the larva bores out of host. The majority of tachinid larvae re-main within the host body and pupate in soil. This tachinid suffers from hyperparasitization by Trichopria sp. (Diapriidae). Thepercentage of hyperparasitization of the first generation is 1.97%. Hymenopterous para-sites overwinter with the pupae in the puparium of the second generation of this tachinid.


Inspired by the combinatorial denoising method DUDE, we present efficient algorithms for implementing this idea for arbitrary contexts or for using it within subsequences. We also propose effective, efficient denoising error estimators so we can find the best denoising of an input sequence over different context lengths. Our methods are simple, drawing from string matching methods and radix sorting. We also present experimental results of our proposed algorithms.


Readers' advisory (RA) services have always been about building a two-way line of communication between a reader and the readers' advisor. The whole premise of contemporary RA practice rests on the idea that the advisor comes up with suggestions for a reader by listening carefully to how that reader experienced a book or author that they particularly enjoyed. Armed with that understanding, the advisor can then make reading suggestions that go beyond the basic matches of genre or subject. In this way, RA service has always been a "2.0" service. The Library 2.0 movement is centered on using technology to build a more user-focused library and to promote the development and expansion of communities into the virtual world. In the following article, Kaite Mediatore Stover explores some of the prominent book-focused social networking sites and begins the discussion of how these resources, being used by millions of readers, can be incorporated into our RA practice. Along the way, Stover examines the way that readers' advisors can use reader tagging of titles to expand our vocabulary of appeal. Kaite Mediatore Stover is the head of Readers' Services for Kansas City (Mo.) Public Library. She also is a columnist with Booklist, writes for the Booklist Online Book Group Buzz blog, and is a contributing writer for NoveList.--Editor Just when readers' advisors everywhere thought they'd assigned taxonomic ranks to libraries' jungle of bookshelves holding books of every spot and stripe, along comes another new set of shelves needing taming. First, Melville Dewey gave library staff a system that separated all the reading material by subject area. Then Nancy Pearl and Joyce Saricks further separated the bibliophylums with genre definitions and other elements of appeals, making the species eminently more identifiable to the modern book watcher. Library staff were pleased. Our shelves, it seemed, were ordered, classified, separated, and manageable. But, just as things seemed to be comfortable, librarians discovered a new online unit of shelves with critters that looked familiar, but were behaving in ways that librarians hadn't quite seen before. The books had the same names, but they were being classed into subgenres, idiosyncratic lists, and cross-pollinated species that defied logic. They weren't being organized by the professionals, but by the readers. Clearly, some form of order needed to be restored, but it would require keepers and visitors to work together to build a system both could use to the most benefit. Few would argue that the Internet is one big jungle, and navigating it occasionally requires a machete, not a mouse. Conducting a successful readers' advisory conversation with a reader can be akin to slashing one's way through adjectival vines as tangled as "well written," "good story," and "not boring." Yet the moment those brave new explorers of the social Web went searching for readers, librarians knew they had to follow curious Stanleys to even curiouser Livingstones. SOCIAL ANIMALS Readers' advisory (RA) is one of the most social services libraries offer. It's no surprise that talking about books so easily made the leap to the Internet. This discussion is a natural extension of the readers' advisory conversation. "The entire point of RA is to reach readers.... Library 2.0 tools play to the strengths of RA work and can deepen and broaden the interaction, introduce new ways of connecting books to other items, and enable librarians to enlist the entire community of readers in the collaborative creation of RA services for everyone." (1) Many library staff will tout the in-person RA interview as the best way to determine what a reader wants in the next book he or she wants to read. In a face-to-face interview, the advisor is privy to tones of voice, facial expressions, and some level of enthusiasm or disdain for a particular type of book. Still others swear by in-depth questioning through reader profile forms, either in print or online. …


The invention relates to a ladder-type elastic wave filter and an antenna diplexer. A ladder-type elastic wave filter comprises an input terminal, an output terminal, a ground terminal, a series resonator connected between the input terminal and the output terminal, a first parallel resonator connected between the series resonator and the ground terminal, wherein the resonant frequency of the first parallel resonator is lower than the anti-resonance frequency of the series resonator; and a second parallel resonator connected between the series resonator and the ground terminal, wherein the resonant frequency of the second parallel resonator is higher than the resonant frequency of the series resonator and is lower than the anti-resonance frequency of the series resonator, the second parallel resonator comprises a plurality of resonators, which are cascade-connected, and each resonator has a same capacitance.


The paper approaches the future trend of American China policy. It first traces back to American foreign policy at different stages. Then it turns to the in-depth study of American China policy and the future of American China policy. The United States' foreign policy has a direct impact on many aspects of the development and the future pattern of the world. To predict the future China policy that the United States will adopts is beneficial for China to make a right choice at a right time. How China will develop and what a status it will take in the future world is conditioned by American China policy. American China foreign policy has changed with the rapid rise of China. While the United States benefits from China's development, it tries to curb China's rise. Containment and cooperation are still the keystone of American China policy. The possibility that China and the United States will have violent conflicts is less and less as the two have had stable diplomatic relations for over 30 years and China seeks common interests with America in many sensitive issues. The future of Sino-US relations is hopeful. Keywordshegemony; containment; cooperation; policy


Abstract In his La Semaison notebooks written since the 1950s, Philippe Jaccottet is experiencing his relationship to the world through sensitive epiphanies. Writing about the Drôme landscapes, literary works, paintings, musical pieces, and more and more night dreams over the years, he cultivates his sensitive emotions. As both separate fragment and part of the notebook, the note links sensation to interpretation in a two-step process: the poet first grasps his sensitive emotion; he secondly reinterprets it at length often using analogies or reprising it later in another note. A literary published work as well as a laboratory focusing on the craft of writing, the notebook then becomes an esthetic object teeming with relations between sensation and interpretation, rhythm and space, repetition and variation, continuity and discontinuity. Since the 1990s, Jaccottet has transposed this flexible – almost musical – poetics in his poetic works like Cahier de verdure or Après beaucoup d'années.


Enterprise resource optimization model is a multi-item,multi-level,multi-capacitated lot-sizing problem with setup time and setup cost,which is NP complete and hard to be solved.A new heuristic algorithm is proposed to solve a LP relaxation and a modified Silver-Meal lot-sizing model interactively.The shadow price is first introduced to the lot-sizing decisions of Silver-Meal method.Numerical test shows that the new heuristic method has a good performance in solving the test problems with different scales.


Natuficio multifuncional is an architectural project located at the intersection of 170th Street and Boyaca Avenue in the city of Bogota. The project proposes a building density and degree of compactness enough to generate the proximity of uses such as housing, commercial, office, culture, sports and public space, allowing clipping paths and reducing the volume of traffic in the city. This will improve the quality of life and public acceptance. As for the project sustainability using alternative energy such as solar photovoltaic panels and using solar collectors, rainwater harvesting, wastewater handling, use of environmentally friendly materials, waste management, urban gardens bioclimatic Ecotechniques. Similarly promotes the use of bicycles and public transport.


[Equal for all?] Ahead of the Swedish general election in 2018, the right-wing Moderate Party unveiled their campaign slogan "Equal for all", which surprised many, even within their own party, because of its evocation of social equality – an idea more often associated with the political left. However, in this article, Christian Gerdov shows how it soon became evident that social equality was not what they had in mind, but rather the liberal notion of equality in freedom, and equality before the law. Moreover, the emphasis lay in duties – above all the duty to work. Social rights, which came to the fore after the Second World War, have been substituted by the neoliberal notion of freedom of choice, where the citizen is transformed into a self-realizing entrepreneur. Furthermore, the universal subject in the slogan refers to a specific citizen subject, which emphasizes Swedishness in contrast to the Other and their threatening otherness. The slogan is therefore reminiscent of Orwellian newspeak where all are proclaimed as equals, but some are more equal than others. Publication history: Published original. (Published 28 May 2019) Citation: Gerdov, Christian (2019) "Lika for alla?", in Arkiv. Tidskrift for samhallsanalys , issue 10, pp. 71–86. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13068/2000-6217.10.3


This paper investigates the accuracy of the synchrophasor estimator provided by the three-point Interpolated Discrete Fourier Transform (IpDFT) algorithm, which is based on the polynomial approximation of the numerically computed spectrum of the window. The synchrophasor estimation algorithm was tested using two types of windows: cosine and non-cosine windows to meet the accuracy requirements of the IEEE Std C37.118.1™-2011 and its amendment IEEE Std C37.118.1a™-2014 under steady state conditions. The test was conducted under the effect of static frequency offsets, harmonic distortion, and wideband noise. The results were found to be accurate and satisfy the M-class PMU requirements under steady state conditions.


Multiple myeloma may be associated with extensive bone destruction, impending or present pathological fracture, and intractable pain. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are usually effective, but surgical intervention may sometimes be required. We analyzed the surgical technique and the functional and oncological outcomes of patients with multiple myeloma who underwent surgery in our services between 1993-2004. There were 19 males and 15 females (age range 49– 75 years) who had destructive bone lesions located at the humerus (n=17), acetabulum (n=5), femur (n=5), or tibia (n=7). Indications for surgery included pathological fracture (n=20), impending pathological fracture (n=11), and intractable pain (n=3). Nineteen patients underwent marginal tumor resection, reconstruction with cemented hardware, and adjuvant radiation therapy and 15 patients underwent wide tumor resection with endoprosthetic reconstruction. All patients reported immediate and substantial postoperative pain relief. Function was good/excellent in 23 patients (68%), moderate in eight (23%), and poor in three (9%). Two patients (5.9%) had local tumor recurrence treated with local excision and adjuvant radiotherapy, with no evidence of further recurrence at 21 and 26 months, respectively. Thirty one (91%) patients survived >1 year, 23 (68%) >2 years, and 15 (44%) >3 years postoperatively. All reconstructions remained stable at the most recent follow-ups. The relatively prolonged survival of patients with multiple myeloma justifies an aggressive surgical approach, which is safe and associated with good local tumor control and functional outcome.


Summary One of the most pressing issues in our society is that of deciding who is responsible for the care of the dependent elderly and how this responsibility should be shared among individuals, families, and government. Both the United Kingdom and Israel have developed policies which focus on community care and that recognize and support the roles of families as caregivers. By examining their systems, valuable insights may be learned that may contribute to the development of policies in the United States.


Early childhood is the age when a child is experiencing significant cognitive development. Providing the right stimulus in the form of role useYouTube is one effort to optimize children's cognitive development. The purpose of this research is to know and understand the roleYouTube in optimizing the cognitive development of Group B early childhood on the theme of vehicles at RA Salafiyah Cibenda Pangandaran Regency. The research method used is a qualitative-descriptive approach. The subjects in this study were students, teachers and parents from Group B at RA Salafiyah. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, interviews and documentation. The results of the study show that the roleYouTube can optimize children's cognitive development. This can be seen from the developments that occur in the aspects of attention, concentration, imagination, curiosity, memory, and language, in early childhood regarding the role of usingYouTube group B on the theme of Vehicles in RA Salafiyah Cibenda Pangandaran Regency.


It is presented a clinical case of a difficult differential diagnosis of undifferentiated (anaplastic) thyroid carcinoma. It is shown the importance of immunohistochemistry for morphological verification of a malignant tumor and determination of its organspecifity.


Cruz and Perkins, and Porter, have obtained a sufficient condition for the reduction of sensitivity in linear multi-variable systems while maintaining system terminal invariance. However, it may not always be possible to specify compensators which maintain system terminal equivalence and yet reduce system sensitivity. The letter is an attempt to obtain a sufficient condition for the reduction of sensitivity without any such constraints.


Objective To explore the effect of extended care in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods The control group received inpatient conventional nursing intervention,on the basis of the control group,the observation group was given the extended care after discharge from hospital,including diet,take exercise,medication and monitoring.Results Discharged after six months,compare with the treatment compliance,blood glucose rate and complications of patients in the two groups,the difference was statistically significant(P 0.05).Conclusion Extended care is economical and effective,and have an important role to improve and enhance their own quality of life for people with diabetes,worthy of further promotion and application.


Aim To study the effects of estrogen and phytoestrogens on the ERα expression and morphology in breast tissue of ovariectomized rats and to compare the actions of phytoestrogens with that of estradiol. Methods 48 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 8 groups: Sham, Ovariectomized (Ovx), 17β-estradiol (Ovx+Est), 17β-estradiol+Progesterone (Ovx+Est+Pro), Progesterone (Ovx+Pro), Genistein (Ovx+Gen), Resveratro (Ovx+Res), Phloretin (Ovx+Phl). After treated for 21 days, all rats were killed, their breast tissues were removed, the expressions of ERα were examined by the Western blot, and also the morphological changes in breast tissues were observed by immunohistochemical method. Results The ERα in breast tissue mainly sited in cell endochylema and nucleus. ERα was expressed at different level in eightgroups. To compare sham with Ovx group, the expression of ERα was up-regulated in Ovx rats (P0.05). However, to compare Ovx+Est, Ovx+Pro, Ovx+Gen, Ovx+Res and Ovx+Phl rats with Ovx group respectively, the expressions of ERα were all down-regulated (P0.01). After bilateral ovariectomy, the rat breast atrophied. After injected Gen and Phl subcutaneously, the Ovx rat breast had no change in morphology, but administration of Res could proliferate the breast alveoli and its epithelial cell. After treatment with Est or Est+Pro, the breast had obvious proliferation and its histological density increased. Conclusion Similarly to Est and Pro, phytoestrogens Gen, Res and Phl can down-regulate the expressions of ERα in Ovx rats, and Res can also change the morphological features of breasts, but its action is weaker than that of Est.


Improving human adaptation capabilities to damaging effects of adverse environmental factors with the help of pharmacological agents is important for prophylaxis of different diseases and pathologies development. In experimental conditions the possibility to correct free radical lipid oxidation of rats' organism membranes was studied with the oral introduction of the tincture of herb chickweed that contains the complex of natural antioxidants. The animals were divided into 5 groups and each of them had 10 rats: intact animals which were held in standard conditions of vivarium; the control group (1) in which rats were exposed to cold during three hours daily; the control group (2) in which rats were exposed to ultraviolet radiation during three minutes daily; the experimental group in which before cooling animals had a daily oral intake of the tincture in a dose of 5 ml/kg; the experimental group in which before ultraviolet radiation animals had a daily oral intake of the tincture in a dose of 5 ml/kg. It was found out that in the blood of experimental animals a daily cold exposure during three hours and a daily ultraviolet radiation during three minutes contributes to the increase of lipid hydroperoxides level (by 39-48%), of diene conjugate (by 49-57%), and of malonic dialdehyde (by 48-63%) against the decrease of antioxidant system activity in the blood of intact animals. The introduction of the tincture to rats in the conditions of oxidative stress contributes to the reliable decrease in the blood of lipid hydroperoxides by 13-15%, of diene conjugates by 20-27%, malonic dialdehyde by 19-24% in comparison with the rats of the control groups. While analyzing the effect of the tincture on the activity of the components of antioxidant system it was shown that the level of ceruloplasmin in the blood of animals was significantly higher by 25-27%, of vitamin E by 22-23%, of catalase by 40-53% in comparison with the same parameters of the rats of the control groups. So, the application of the mentioned tincture in the conditions of oxidative stress induced by the influence of cold and ultraviolet rays leads to the stabilization of the processes of peroxidation against the increase of antioxidant system activity.


An algorithm is presented for the recursive estimation of both process parameters and delay when no a priori knowledge of the delay is required. The algorithm is a modification of any standard recursive parameter estimation algorithm and can be applied easily to any of the well-established versions of estimation algorithms (least square, instrumental variables, maximum likelihood, etc.) and their extensions. The algorithm requires minimum additional computations compared to the original algorithms. The delay is explicity estimated, and the parameter vector is of the same length as for the undelayed system. This means clear separation between the system dynamics and delay. Simulation results showing the good performance of the algorithm are presented.<<ETX>>


I think I'm becoming a collector of phrases. The one currently on my mind is often used by businesses as they discuss a change of direction. " We used to do it this way, but this is how it will be done 'going forward.' " In the old days we would have said, " from now on, " but this phrase works too. Actually, it gives rise to three interesting thoughts along spiritual lines. First, we must be " going forward " in righteous living. Once one becomes a Christian, he or she cannot go back into the world. Granted, many have done just that. Jesus spoke of these in Luke 8:4-15 when He told and then explained the parable of the sower. The rocky soil and the thorny soil represent Christians who stop going forward. " They on the rock are they, which, when they hear, receive the word with joy; and these have no root, which for a while believe, and in time of temptation fall away. And that which fell among thorns are they, which, when they have heard, go forth, and are choked with cares and riches and pleasures of this life, and bring no fruit to perfection. " Since it is the case that not being rooted in God's Word and getting caught up in the cares and riches and pleasures of this life are issues that lead one backward into sin, it is evident that these are actions that we must avoid if we want to please God and go forward toward heaven. II Peter 2:20-22 sounds a crystal clear warning against a Christian turning back to the world. As Jesus stated in Luke 9:62, " No man, having put his hand to the plough, and looking back, is fit for the kingdom of God. " " Going forward, " a Christian should have the attitude of the apostle Paul who wrote, " Not as though I had already attained, either were already perfect: but I follow after, if that I may apprehend that for which also I am apprehended of Christ Jesus. Brethren, I count not myself to have apprehended: but this one thing I do, forgetting those things which are behind, and reaching forth unto those things which are before, I press toward the mark for the prize of the high calling of God in Christ Jesus. " (Philippians 3:12-14). Secondly, we …


There is little evidence assessing compliance with clinical practice guidelines for antiretroviral treatment and its impact on clinical outcomes. The Spanish national guidelines for antiretroviral treatment are published by the Spanish AIDS Study Group (GeSIDA). The aim of this study was to assess compliance with national guidelines for the treatment of naïve patients from a multicentre Spanish cohort (CoRIS). The specific aims were to evaluate the proportion of patients treated according to the guidelines' recommendations, to investigate factors associated with the prescription of a non‐recommended treatment, and to assess the impact of non‐recommended treatments on mortality and on virological and immunological response (defined as undetectable viral load and increase of 100 CD4/ml, respectively, after 1 year). Drug combinations were classified as recommended, alternative, or not recommended, according to the guidelines' "what to start with" recommendations. 6225 naïve patients were included between the years 2004 and 2010. Among 4516 patients who started treatment, 3592 (79.5%), 540 (12%), and 384 (8.5%) started with a recommended, alternative and not‐recommended treatment, respectively. The use of a not‐recommended treatment was significantly associated with CD4 count >500/ml (OR: 2.03, 95% CI: 1.14–3.59), hepatitis B infection (OR: 2.23, 95% CI: 1.50–3.33), treatment in a hospital with <500 beds, and starting treatment in the years 2004 to 2006. There was no significant association of having a not‐recommended treatment with gender, route of transmission, hepatitis C infection, country of origin, education, or viral load. The use of a not‐recommended regimen was significantly associated with mortality (HR: 1.61, 95% CI: 1.03–2.52, p=0.035) and lack of virological response (OR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.45–0.93, p=0.019), but it was not associated with immunological response (OR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.75–1.08, p=0.273). In conclusion, compliance with "what to start with" recommendations of Spanish national guidelines was high. The use of not‐recommended regimens was more likely in patients with >500 CD4/ml, hepatitis B infection, and starting treatment in the years 2004–2006 and in small hospitals. Not‐recommended regimens were associated with higher mortality and lack of virological response.


Objective: To study the classification trend in ICPC-2, Z Chapter, in the period 2006-2011, in terms of frequency in variation of the total number of sign and symptom components; volume of "population-adjusted classification"; and - based on SOAP for collecting information - which of its components were more frequently recorded in the Subjective (S) and Assessment (A) fields. Methods: Cross-sectional, observational, descriptive study of electronic registries in the SAM (Servico de Apoio ao Medico - medical visit assistant software) using data collection tool (SAM-Statistics) in August 2012 in Coimbra, central Portugal. Classification volume was studied using codes/1000 inhab/day. The population for each year was calculated based on the middle of each study period. The six most frequent codes in each year were selected. Results: A positive increasing trend was found between 2006 and 2011 in the Subjective and Assessment recording fields, in terms of the total of codes (S:+4,83; A:+6,44) and classification volume - codes/1000 inhab/day (S:+4,40; A:+6,44), as well as in the percentage of different components of the Z sign and symptom codes (S: +0,30; A: +0,56). Conclusions: From 2006 to 2011, a positive trend was found in the ICPC-2 Z Chapter classification, which was more important in Assessment (A), and the type of components recorded through the SOAP method. Hence, continuing medical education is still necessary to improve performance in the crucial task of classification, registering and clinical noting to avoid lack of clinical information.


two key factors—the application of the available evidence to the policy context, and the challenges imposed on decisionmakers regarding the implementation of effective programs. This paper aims to outline issues that authors of systematic reviews can address to increase the usefulness of reviews, for readers who often have limited time to apply research evidence to practice and policy. We use a recent review of obesity prevention interventions to highlight recommendations for review authors aiming to maximize the usefulness of their valuable work. Systematic reviews aim to facilitate the decisions that practitioners, policy-makers and others face (http://www. cochrane.org/cochrane-reviews). However, in practice, research-based evidence is used, if at all, in combination and consideration with available resources and capacity, policy imperatives and community context. 2 Limitations of the available evidence can present challenges for decisionmakers, who may look to systematic reviews to efficiently help inform their planning, resource allocation and strategic direction during distinct phases of the political, planning and budgetary cycles. Review authors can help decisionmakers to navigate this context by extracting useful and relevant information from their syntheses of the evidence, beyond evidence of effectiveness, to provide reviews that are more useful to the end user.


ABSTRACT Inverse gas chromatography was used to measure infinite dilution activity coefficients and gas-to-liquid partition coefficients for 48 organic solute probes in either 1-sec-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide or 1-tert-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide in the temperature range from 323.15 to 373.15 K. Partial molar excess enthalpies of solution were calculated from the variation of the infinite dilution activity coefficients with temperature. Abraham model correlations were also derived from the experimental partition coefficient data. The derived Abraham model correlations describe the observed partition coefficients to within 0.11 log units.


In this carefully argued and detailed book, Jonathan Klaaren analyses how the 'legal cultural concept of South African citizenship developed from the official practices regulating the mobility of different populations of subjects of the British Empire', especially in the period between 1897 and 1937. As he points out, by the 1920s, all South Africans had formal nationality status, although with sharp distinctions drawn along racial lines regarding political rights and what we would presently recognise as citizenship (including the right to free movement within the country and a national passport). He makes the important point that at the beginning of the period under study, it would have been difficult to see the population of the territories of what became South Africa as much more than a diverse collection of individuals with a multiplicity of identities. In less than half a century, however, these individuals came to constitute a collectivity, sharing 'a common citizenship which was understood as being subject to the regulation of their mobility by the more or less joined-up components of the South African state'. Klaaren identifies the practice of controlling the mobility of people from the late nineteenth century onwards as a key factor in the formation of our understanding of what it now means to be South African, and that while much attention has been paid to the regulation of the movement of African people – especially under apartheid – the significance of the social and political reaction to Indian migration from the 1880s onwards has not yet been fully understood. According to Klaaren's periodisation, the years covered in his study constitute the first of three epochs in the development of our current (and contested) concepts of South African citizenship. The dominant feature of the second period, from the 1940s onwards under the apartheid regime, was the government's attempt to turn black South Africans into foreigners through the construction of the patchwork of ethnically defined 'homelands' or bantustans. The third period began in 1994–1996 with the adoption of democratic politics based on universal suffrage, and the recognition of human rights as juridically defined in the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996. However, as Klaaren points out, 'it is enough for one book to tackle one such epoch', and as far as our present situation is concerned, he therefore limits himself to a brief but provocative discussion, in a concluding chapter, of the current implications of his historicaljuridical analysis. Klaaren recognises that 'South Africa's contemporary citizenship debate' must be located 'where it has always been – in a global context'. Citizenship can be defined spatially and requires borders (lines) rather than frontiers (zones of indeterminate width and judicial status) to function. The colonial borders of – especially – white settler societies such as South Africa are, to borrow a phrase from Eric Tagliacozzo, 'complex formations


Plaintiffs in this lawsuit claim that CPT coding policy has resulted in decreased reimbursement for psychiatrists, who will now receive 20% less for evaluation and management services than what Anthem pays other physicians.


An electronic device includes a communication unit and processing circuitry. The communication unit is configured to receive information on whether a user wears other electronic device. The processing circuitry configured to, responsive to a predetermined event occurring, determine whether the other electronic device is worn by the user. The processing circuitry also configured to control the communication unit to transmit a notification message to the other electronic device based on whether the other electronic device is in a worn state or an unworn state.


A ccording to the account published in I82o by John Galt, West's biographer, Sir Joshua Reynolds predicted that the "Death of Wolfe" (P1. 4) would not only become one of the most popular history pieces, but would "occasion a revolution in the art." Galt's account, despite West's imprimatur,1 cannot be accurate, as we shall see, but it fairly described the fame and importance the "Death of Wolfe" had won by the early 19th century. From the time it was first exhibited to the public at the Royal Academy in i77I the "Death of Wolfe" won immediate popularity, which it continued to enjoy almost up to our own day. Its fame spread through the medium of prints to France and America, and West's formula for the heroic representation of contemporary events set history painting on both sides of the Atlantic on a new course.2 Though West's reputation has now sunk to the nadir, the historian is still faced with the problem of defining the undoubtedly crucial position of the "Death of Wolfe" in the history of modern art, and of trying to determine the character and causes of the revolution in history painting with which it is associated.


FIELD: physics. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to contactless passive methods of detecting and locating metal objects in infrared radiation, and specifically to location of metal bodies in form a rectangular parallelepiped by detecting thermal infrared radiation emitted by said bodies, and can be used in special equipment systems designed to detect and establish the exact location and arrangement of metal objects in a medium or packaging which is not transparent for visible light, in continuous monitoring systems of security services, in inspection and measuring equipment, in communication lines and information processing devices based on metal-dielectric planar structures. Disclosed is a method for passive location of edges of a metal rectangular parallelepiped in infrared radiation, which includes measuring, in a remote wave zone, spatial intensity distribution of polarised radiation from the parallelepiped and determining coordinates of the edges from the measurement results, wherein temperature of the parallelepiped is controlled, and measurements are taken in planes that are parallel to the faces, wherein detected radiation is polarised such that it has a non-zero electric field component which is perpendicular to the edge under investigation. EFFECT: high accuracy of locating edges of a metal rectangular parallelepiped. 3 dwg


The present invention aims to provide a diaper package adapted to leave the consumer with a visually impactful impression and to improve an advertising function as well as a quality displaying function. A diaper package (10) consists of a plurality of disposable diapers (11) and flexible film 12 forming top and bottom walls (13, 14), and front, rear and laterally opposed walls (15, 16, 17, 18) printed with display elements (21, 22). In the package (10), these diapers (11) are arranged between the laterally opposed walls (17, 18) to form a row (40) extending between these laterally opposed walls (17, 18) in such a manner that respective crotch regions (32) of these diapers (11) face the rear wall (16) while respective waist-surrounding end portions of these diapers (11) face the front wall(15). In the package (10), a radius of curvature of the corners (19) is longer than a radius of curvature of the corners (20) so that a range in which the package (10) can be visually recognized fromthe side of the front wall (15) is larger than a range in which the package (10) can be visually recognized from the side of the rear wall (16).


Investigations on vertebrate seed dispersal systems in the Mediterranean show that extremely efficient plant-disperser mutualisms do not require, and thus are not evidence for, mutual evolutionary adjustments of participants. Current Mediterranean dispersal systems have apparently been shaped by means of 1. trophic and behavioral adaptations of birds morphologically preadapted to pre-existing plant resources, and 2. disperser-mediated processes of habitatshaping occurring at an ecological time scale. These processes depend on differential recruitment of plant species as a function of disperser preferences, rather than on adjustments based on evolutionary processes. On the plant side, there is a prevalence of historical and phylogenetic effects, which reflects a series of ecological limitations inherent to the interactions between plants and dispersal agents that constrain plant adaptation to dispersers. To test adaptive hypotheses and explanations, future investigations on Mediterranean plant-disperser systems should concentrate more on the animal than on the plant side of the interaction.


In this paper, we present several models of Local Access Network Design and Expansion problems, and discuss different alternatives for solving these problems, as well as the relationships among different approaches. One of our results shows that both Design and Expansion problems provide examples for a rare situation in which the lower bound from Lagrangian relaxation is exactly equal to the optimal value of integer programming while the lower bound from its linear programming relaxation is inferior. We reformulate both Design and Expansion problems, via multicommodity flow reformulation, to an (implicitly defined) linear program which has Dantzig-Wolf block structure. Then, we illustrate that the so-called the Limited Column Generation procedure can be interpreted as a dedicated Dantzig-Wolf decomposition procedure. Therefore, a relationship among the Limited Column Generation, multicommodity flow reformulation, and Dantzig-Wolf Decomposition is established. Subject classification: Networks/graphs: applications, theory, tree algorithms. Programming: decomposition, column generation. Reformulation, Column Generations and Lagrangian Relaxation for Local Access Network Design Problems Dong Xiao Shaw This paper discusses different approaches for solving the Local Access Network Design and Expansion problems. A local access network connects customer nodes to a switching center (central office) which, in turn, communicates with other switching centers via the inter-office and backbone networks. Most existing local access networks have a tree structure, i.e., each customer node is connected via a unique path to the switching center. Effective design and expansion planning of local access networks can yield a significant savings in cost. Such problems have attracted much attentions in recent years. The discussion of the modeling issues can be found in Balakrishnan et al (1991), and a Lagrangian relaxation based approach is developed by Balakrishnan, Magnanti and Wong (1991). Aghezzaf, Magnanti and Wolsey (1992) studied the combinatorial structure of the model. A related, but different model was formulated by Cook (1990), and a solution procedure and related knapsack-type problem were studied by Bienstock (1993a and b). Recently, a so-called Limited Column Generation has been proposed by Shaw (1993) to solve the Local Access Network Design and Expansion problems. An efficient implementation of such an algorithm is developed in Cho and Shaw (1994b). The computational experiments in Cho and Shaw (1994b) indicate that such an approach is very efficient in practice, instances of the Expansion problem with 50 nodes can be solved in 175 CPU seconds on average and instances with 100 nodes can be solved in 1020 CPU seconds on average on a SUN SPARC 1000 workstation. The success of the Limited Column Generation approach motivated the research in this paper. Here, we discuss several computational aspects and the relationships among different approaches.


The theory for criticality presented in Part 1 is extended to the unsteady problem, and a new formulation of the Benjamin–Feir instability for Stokes waves in finite depth coupled to a mean flow, which takes the criticality matrix as an organizing centre, is presented. The generation of unsteady dark solitary waves at points of stability changes and their connection with the steady dark solitary waves of Part 1 are also discussed.


This paper proposes an adaptive output power control of superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) to solve the output power fluctuation problem of the grid connected hybrid permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSG) wind and photovoltaic generations (HWPV). By the power control of SMES, the adaptive output power reference is employed to achieve the desired output power of the HWPV while the variation of SMES coil current is regulated between the minimum and maximum limits. Study result shows that the proposed adaptive power control of SMES is able to alleviate the HWPV output power fluctuation, and maintain the SMES coil current in the acceptable range effectively.


Joint session scheduling (JOSCH) enables traffic to be split and transmitted over multiple radio access networks (RANs) simultaneously, which improves the quality-of-service (QoS) in terms of transmission rate, reliability and stability. Transmission synchronization is one of the key issues which JOSCH should consider, as it has direct effect on the performance of buffer management and data reassembly at the traffic receiver. In this paper, a segment-based adaptive JOSCH mechanism was proposed to guarantee the transmission synchronization during multi-RANs simultaneous transmission. The proposed mechanism restrains the delay differences between different RANs, by adjusting the traffic allocation ratios to multiple transmission RANs adaptively, based on the feedback from traffic receiver. System architecture and functional modules are designed to support the proposed mechanism. Meanwhile, a generic transport protocol model supporting multi-RANs transmission is introduced as well. Simulation results reveal that the proposed JOSCH mechanism well adapts to the dynamic change of network conditions, and guarantees the synchronization and stability of transmission. Keywordsjoint session scheduling; heterogeneous wireless networks; traffic splitting; transmission synchronization;


When video is recorded in a studio, sound is clear of external noises and unrelated sounds. However, most video is not shot at studios. Voice of people shot in family events is mixed with music and with other voices. Video conferences from home or office are often disturbed by other people, ringing phones, or barking dogs. TV reporting from city streets is mixed with traffic noise, sound of winds, etc. We propose to use visual information of face and mouth movements as seen in the video to enhance the voice of a speaker, and in particular eliminate sounds that do not relate to the face movements. The method is based on spectral information of speech as predicted by a video-to-speech system. Without visual information, the task of isolating a specific human voice while filtering out other voices or background noise is known as the cocktail party problem. This problem is solvable when N voices are recorded by N microphones. We address the challenging single microphone case, and show that visual information of the speaker can help solve this problem.


cannon, but also 15 anti-personnel guns, an unusually high proportion of the latter. Pirates wanted to capture ships, not sink them, and swivel guns could be very useful in achieving this aim. Various pieces of the crew's personal possessions and Italian kitchen pottery were found, but among the most striking smaller artefacts was a collection of luxurious wares made in İznik in Turkey, an inland town that lies about 30 km south of the Sea of Marmara. The Sveti Pavao wreck is the only vessel found so far in the Mediterranean with a cargo of İznik fritware, and the discovery has important implications for the study of this pottery. The report includes colour photographs of this lavish and very attractive ware. Brief consideration is given to the wider historical context of the wreck, but the one major lack in this book is that the documentary history of 16th-century Adriatic shipping and trade is not explored more fully. In this reviewer's opinion, historical research needs to be an integral part of any study of a wreck that dates from a period for which documentary sources exist. As I am an historian, the response might be 'Well, he would say that, wouldn't he?', but the combination of the two kinds of evidence can provide a much richer and informative outcome to a project than is possible in either purely archaeological or purely historical studies. Given the number of Venetian-style artefacts found in the wreck, and its cargo of Turkish pottery, the authors reasonably conclude that this was a Venetian ship, on its way home from trading with the Ottoman Empire and probably lost no later than about 1580. Documentary sources, however, reveal that the question of a ship's 'nationality' could be a complex matter: one sometimes finds that a vessel built and equipped in one place was later owned and operated by several different people in other countries. For example, could the Sveti Pavao ship have been Venetian-built but Ragusan-owned? One hopes that the discovery of the wreck will stimulate some archival work to see if there is a possibility of putting a name to this interesting find. The English of the report is sometimes a bit uneven, but one should not underestimate the challenges of translating a text written by 17 contributors from three different countries. The decision to publish in English is certainly a good one, and will give the book a wider audience, but it is to be hoped that the complete work will also be available in Italian and Serbo-Croat (each chapter has brief summaries in these languages). The Sveti Pavao Shipwreck is easy to read, well-illustrated and produced to a high standard. The authors and publishers deserve to be congratulated on this work, which is an important contribution to the understanding of the seafaring world of the Mediterranean in the second half of the 16th century.


Data on use of refraction seismic and electrical resistivity geophysical methods, throughout United States, are given; examples of application of these methods to variety of subsurface problems pertinent to highway design and maintenance; studies of landslide conditions and tests made over water-covered areas.


A report of a study set up to discover whether patients with healed venous ulcers were receiving adequate investigation after recurrent ulceration.


This study investigates the properties and cutting performance with thin layers applied by two PVD technologies. PVD methods ARC and LARC were used for the deposition of thin coatings onto tools prepared by powder metallurgy (PM). Advanced types of layers - multilayer AlTiCrN and nanocomposite type of nc-AlTiN/Si3N4 layer - were analyzed by standard techniques for surface status and quality assessment – roughness, hardness, layer thickness, chemical composition by GDOES, tribological properties at room and elevated temperature. Durability testing of the cutting tools was carried out according to the standard ISO 3685-1999. The nanocompositenc-AlTiN/Si3N4 layer had lower roughness when compared to monolayer AlTiCrN which leads to higher hardness and better layer quality. The HV0.5 hardness values reached nearly 26 GPa. The results showed a two to three times longer durability of the cutting tools in comparison with equivalent uncoated PM and traditional materials. The deposited coatings contributed to the improvement of their durability.


In this work we present a framework containing open source implementations of multiple music structural segmentation algorithms and employ it to explore the hyper parameters of features, algorithms, evaluation metrics, datasets, and annotations of this MIR task. Besides testing and discussing the relative importance of the moving parts of the computational music structure eco-system, we also shed light on its current major challenges. Additionally, a new dataset containing multiple structural annotations for tracks that are particularly ambiguous to analyze is introduced, and used to quantify the impact of specific annotators when assessing automatic approaches to this task. Results suggest that more than one annotation per track is necessary to fully address the problem of ambiguity in music structure research.


While soluting the quality trouble of Al-alloy in resistance spot welding,a loose area is discovered in joint.Divides it into three areas,such as plastic area,strength area and loose area from extroversion,and tests and analyzes the mechanics properties of these areas,as well as the welding parameters which including electrode diameter,welding time,welding current and electrode pressure to their influence.


We describe the first case of histoplasmosis due to infection with Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum in a wild badger (Meles meles) in Austria. Diagnosis was established by histopathological and immunohistochemical characterization of yeast forms in skin lesions and lymph nodes. Although Austria has yet to be regarded as an endemic region for H. capsulatum, infections of animals and humans exposed to contaminated soil cannot be excluded.


The rapid development of multi-media techniques and network techniques have brought a promising future for college English instruction. Self-access English learning center, the development result of information technology and instruction conception, and SAC-based learning has gained increasing attention as a new instruction mode. This paper started from the problems with the SAC-based learning, interpreted and analyzed problems in the resources pool of the SAC, and finally put forward solutions to effective SAC-based learning.


Recently we reported (1) that in the dog the cardiac effects produced by angiotensin were caused by stimulation of ganglia in the vicinity of the caudal cervical ganglia. Since it is generally assumed that the stellate ganglia and not the caudal cervical ganglia are the principal cardiac sympathetic ganglia, we devised experiments to verify our contention and to locate more precisely the major synapse of the sympathetic fibers in the dog that affect heart rate and right ventricular contractile force. These experiments consisted of stimulation of the sympathetic fibers at several sites along their pathway from the thoracic sympathetic trunk to a location near the heart, before and after complete ganglionic blackade. Since Flacke and Gillis (2), and Trendelenburg (3), showed that nicotinic and muscarinic blocking agents are necessary to completely block ganglionic transmission, we also tested the effects of hexamethonium and atropine, alone or together, on ganglionic transmission in the intact open-chest dog preparation.


The purpose of the current study was to develop a new spring barley variety that can form consistently large productivity in different soil and climatic conditions, including regions with frequent droughts. As a result of breeding work at the experimental breeding station 'Prikumskaya', a branch of the FSBRI "North Caucasus FRAC", there was developed a new spring barley variety 'Stepnyak' in 2009–2020. The new genotype was obtained as a result of intraspecific hybridization, followed by individual selection from the hybrid population of Nutans g-74840 (EBS 'Prikumskaya', a branch of the FSBRI "North Caucasus FRAC") and Special (ICARDA, Syria). According to maturation terms, the variety belongs to the group of middle maturing varieties. The vegetation period lasts from 75 to 87 days. The new variety has high drought and heat resistance, resistance to lodging and damage by net blotch. During 2020–2022 at the EBS 'Prikumskaya', the new variety 'Stepnyak', in comparison with the standard, was characterized by a higher productive stem stand with 353 pcs/m2 (+9 pcs. to the standard), number of grain peer head with 21 pcs. (+6 pieces to the standard) and grain yield per total mass of a plant 39.1% (+4.5 % to the standard). The mean variety productivity in the Competitive Variety Testing was 2.42 t/ha and was higher than that of the standard variety 'Strannik' on 0.32 t/ ha (15.2 %). The high adaptation of the new variety to changing environmental conditions makes it possible to form a stable productivity increase to the standard variety 'Strannik'. In 2020, at the EBS 'Prikumskaya', with a significant moisture deficit, the variety 'Stepnyak' exceeded productivity of the standard variety on 0.30 t/ha. In a more favorable 2021 and 2022 the yield increase varied from 0.24 to 0.43 t/ha. When studying the variety in the Kalmyk Research Institute of Agriculture (in 2021 and 2022), the yield increase to the standard variety 'Strannik' was 0.25 t/ha (12.8 %). During the years of the State Variety Testing (2021 and 2022) in the North Caucasus and Low Volga regions, the new variety 'Stepnyak' exceeded productivity of the standard on 0.17–0.18 t/ha, respectively. In 2023, the variety 'Stepnyak' was included in the State List of Breeding Achievements and recommended for cultivation in the North Caucasus and Lower Volga regions.


This paper considers the computation of sparse solutions of the linear complementarity problems LCP(q, M). Mathematically, the underlying model is NP-hard in general. Thus an lp(0 < p < 1) regularized minimization model is proposed for relaxation. We establish the equivalent unconstrained minimization reformation of the NCP-function. Based on the generalized Fiser-Burmeister function, a sequential smoothing spectral gradient method is proposed to solve the equivalent problem. Numerical results are given to show the efficiency of the proposed method.


A graphene loop antenna with reconfigurable operation band is proposed. The antenna consists of a ring graphene element excited by a photomixer. By modifying the chemical potential of graphene, the device can operate at multiple frequencies in terahertz band. The maximum of the antenna total efficiency occurs near to its second resonance frequency. The bandwidth of the proposed device can be changed from 4.4% (2.2 THz ≤ f ≤ 2.3 THz) to 21.1% (2.6 THz ≤ f ≤ 3.7 THz). The loop antenna is also compared with a graphene dipole antenna.


Abstract The changes of aucustic characteristics of elastic waves in ferro-electric crystals LiNbO3 and LiTaO3 in electric fields are described with by a complex elastoelectric effect.


Talented persons are the leading role of regional development. Through analysis the current development of railway and talented persons on the Economic Zone of West Side of the Taiwan Straits, it is found that the railway development influenced the talented persons introduction level. Nowadays, the railway construction on the Economic Zone of West Side of the Taiwan Straits were relatively backward. The applicable talented persons shortage and the structural imbalance of human resource become the bottlenecks of development. Moreover through discussing that the southeast coastal high-speed railway will bring about more opportunities and challenges, it is proposed that under the background of the railway measures should be taken to perfect talent market mechanism; strengthen exchanges and cooperation with the two big economic zones ;the cross-strait to introduce and train men for profession. Finally, the Economic Zone of West Side of the Taiwan Straits will become the vibrant talented persons harbor.


The article presents a comparative analysis of the meaning of the concepts of conscience and shame in the English and Kazakh languages. It is noted that for the Kazakh culture, the meaning of the concepts of conscience and shame are above all other concepts. The reasons why these concepts are used as synonyms in the Kazakh language are identified. Based on a study of reference dictionaries in English, the works of William Godwin, Adam Smith, Josiah Royce, Einstein, Charles Darwin, George Edward Moore, and other thinkers written in English, it is noted that conscience and shame are separate concepts. If conscience depends on the spiritual world of a person, then shame depends on the feelings of a person. In this work, the content of the concepts of shame and conscience is covered. Questions are raised about the importance of these concepts for human life, why the beginning of culture begins with conscience and shame. Attention is drawn to the noble thoughts of great people about what human existence should be.


The bioaccessibility of Cu, Fe and Mn in Amazonian fruits (acai, white acai, bacuri and tucuma) was evaluated in this study using in vitro methods. Flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) was used for total metal quantification, and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GF AAS) was used to quantify the metals in the simulated gastric and gastrointestinal digestions. The Cu concentration in the fruits tested varied between 8.59–14.99 mg/kg. For Fe, the concentration in the samples ranged from 35.88–60.45 mg/kg. The lowest and highest concentrations of Mn were found in the bacuri (5.01 mg/kg) and white acai (709.93 mg/kg), respectively. In the acai, white acai and tucuma samples, the bioaccessible percentage of Cu was higher than the human can absorb. The available Fe value determined in the gastric simulation was similar to that observed in the gastrointestinal simulation, varying from 42.95 to 56.22%. The bioaccessible Mn fraction varied between 28.72–68.78% in the gastric simulation and 26.81–64.85% in the gastrointestinal simulation. This study contributes to our knowledge of the actual amount of Cu, Fe and Mn absorbed from ingestion of the studied fruits.


This article examines the effectiveness of incorporating an applied learning experience in an upper level undergraduate motivation theory class. In this 3-part course requirement, students (a) participated in a 2-hr field experience, (b) completed a homework assignment based on their participation, and (c) worked in groups to develop a deeper understanding of motivational interventions and possible solutions for problems observed during the applied learning experience. Students identified the field experience and the group project as effective tools for understanding and applying motivation theory in a realistic setting.


Combining large language models with logical reasoning enhance their capacity to address problems in a robust and reliable manner. Nevertheless, the intricate nature of logical reasoning poses challenges to gathering reliable data from web for building comprehensive training datasets, subsequently affecting the performance on downstream tasks. To address this, we introduce a novel logic-driven data augmentation approach, AMR-LDA. AMR-LDA converts the original text into an Abstract Meaning Representation (AMR) graph, a structured semantic representation that encapsulates the logic structure of the sentence, upon which operations are performed to generate logically modified AMR graphs. The modified AMR graphs are subsequently converted back into texts to create augmented data. Notably, our methodology is architecture-agnostic and enhances generative large language models, such as GPT-3.5 and GPT-4, through prompt augmentation, and fine-tuning discriminative large language models through contrastive learning with logic-driven data augmentation. Empirical evidence underscores the efficacy of our proposed method with improvement in performance across seven downstream tasks, such as logical reasoning reading comprehension, textual entailment, and natural language inference. Furthermore, our method ranked first on the ReClor leaderboard \url{https://eval.ai/web/challenges/challenge-page/503/leaderboard/1347}. The source code and data are publicly available \url{https://github.com/Strong-AI-Lab/Logical-Equivalence-driven-AMR-Data-Augmentation-for-Representation-Learning}.


In this paper, a nonlinear and adaptive back-stepping control technique is proposed for a speed control of IPMSM(Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor). The gain of back-stepping controller(including integral value of the states error) is designed for stability of the system. In order to adapting fast in variation of load torque, the controller is including load torque estimator. The simulation is completed by using PSIM software. The simulation results show that the designed back-stepping controller make the system stable in the constant torque region, and has better tracking performance than a controller without the integral gain.