Sunshine Coast surgeon Dr Bernard Tamba-Lebbie has returned from Sierra Leone calling for funds to better equip the country's surgeons battling the spread of ebola. He also says the trip was one of the scariest of his life.


The highly suppressed thermal transport across the magnetic field in the solar corona makes the determination of the cross-field thermal distribution within coronal loops a powerful diagnostic of the properties of the heating process itself. The cross-field thermal structure is currently being strongly debated. Spectroscopic observations with high temperature fidelity but low spatial resolution indicate that some observed loops are multithermal, whereas imaging observations with high spatial resolution but low temperature fidelity indicate more isothermal conditions. We report here on triple filter observations of coronal loops made by the Transition Region and Coronal Explorer (TRACE), which has the best spatial resolution currently available. We tested the isothermal hypothesis using the emission measure loci technique and found that the loops are consistent with an isothermal plasma near 1.5 MK only if a generous estimate of the photometric uncertainties is used. A more restrictive estimate based on discussions with the TRACE experimenters rules out the isothermal hypothesis. The observations are much better explained by a multithermal plasma with significant emission measure throughout the range 1-3 MK. The details of the emission measure distribution are not well defined, however. Future subarcsecond spectroscopic observations covering a wide range of temperatures are the most promising means of unlocking the thermal structure of the corona.


Continuously increasing complexity of semiconductor manufacturing processes drives the need for wafer to wafer and even within wafer control loops metrology. Applying Virtual Metrology (VM) techniques is one promising approach to reduce the time between process, measurement and corrective actions. Prior to implementation - besides technical aspects like testing - the investment into VM has to be assessed and justified on the basis of reliable and reasonable data. This paper presents the investment assessment for implementing VM algorithms into plasma etcher tools of a model semiconductor fabrication line. Core of the investment calculation is a spreadsheet-based calculation which allows for a results per quarter evaluation. A Discrete Event Simulation (DES) model was developed to produce relevant input data for the spreadsheet calculation. Potential risks - e.g., delivery of wrong VM results - due to the implementation of VM have been identified and evaluated using the standardized method of Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA).


s This article reviewed the clinic application and new research progresses of marine drugs in recent years.Propylene glycol alginate sodium sulfate(PSS)has been used to improve microcirculation while mannose ester has been used to treat hyperlipemia;Hailite,chifosan and brown algae polysaccharide sulfate have been used to improve hepatic function,make quick wound repair and treat chronic renal failure respectively.Concentrated fish oil can prevent and treat senile dementia;Isatin has the effect of deceasing blood cholesterol level.


The paper deals with the necessity of accumulation of human assets, one of factors of which is continuing education. Based on empirical data gained from opinions of students of secondary and higher education establishments, workers and managers of enterprises of energy branch in the Republic of Tatarstan, the authors analyze the motives of getting higher education and reveal the factors of this motivation


During the COVID-19 pandemic, customer awareness for food quality and safety is distinctly higher. Fresh-cut fruits in Indonesia are traditionally distributed using wheelbarrows. The increasing consumption of fruit in Indonesia must be accompanied by awareness of healthy lifestyles and the shift of consumer behavior to online stores. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of storage methods and packaging materials for fresh-cut melon on changes in physicochemical properties during the distribution process. Variation of packaging materials used were polypropylene, plastic wrap, and without packaging as control. The ice gel in cooled box delivery was used for storage method during distribution and compared to conventional methods (manual fruit carts). The physical parameters of melons fruit observed during distribution were weight loss, hardness level, pH value, and total soluble solids (TSS). The fresh-cut melons were stored in a distribution box which kept the temperature at +or- 18 degrees C for 6 h. The results showed that the storage method had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on all parameters of physical quality. While packaging material had a real effect (p < 0.05) on weight loss and TSS, but has no effect (p < 0.05) on hardness level and pH value. Packaging using plastic wrap can reduce the weight loss of fresh-cut melons, while polypropylene plastic can maintain the hardness level, pH value, and TSS of cut melons fruit.


The poster child for the Internet of Things is the smart refrigerator, which keeps track of your groceries, orders new ones, and acts like a digital bulletin board. Alas, grocery management hasn't inflamed much passion among the early adopters crucial to driving new consumer technology. But maybe a new idea for the kitchen of tomorrow can: do-it-yourself beer and coffee.


Several types of coatings have previously been visually identified on the surface of 105-K East and 105-K West Basins fuel elements. One type of coating (found only in K West Basin) in particular was found to be a thick translucent material that was often seen to be dislodged from the elements as flakes when the elements were handled during visual examinations (Pitner 1997). Subsequently it was determined (for one element only in a hot cell) that this material, in the dry condition, could easily be removed from the element using a scraping tool. The coating was identified as Al(OH){sub 3} through X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses and to be approximately 60 {micro}m thick via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). However, brushing under water in the basin using numerous mechanical strokes failed to satisfactorily remove these coatings in their thickest form as judged by appearance. Such brushing was done with only one type of metal brush, a brush design previously found satisfactory for removing UO{sub 4}.xH{sub 2}O coatings from the elements.


The present invention provides a method for producing the present invention relates to a novel method of manufacturing a non-phenylacetic acid, and more particularly, a) reacting a biphenyl magnesium halide represented by the formula (2) Green yard reagent (grignard reagent) under an organic solvent; And b) it relates to preparation of 4-biphenyl acetic acid represented by the general formula (1), comprising the step of the a) drawn to the yard reagent 2-bromo-acetate and reacting the metal salt of the formula (3) of the. Formula 1 According to the production method of the present invention and the conventional method with a short reaction step process it is very simple when compared, it is possible to yield excellent in the order of the drawings to produce a propionic acid-based anti-inflammatory drugs, 4-biphenyl-acetic acid and economically. Biphenyl acetic acid, propionic acid-based anti-inflammatory drugs, green yard reagent


A considerable number of Venezuelan cooperative members present serious deficiencies in administrative and technical skills, as well as motivation. Production cooperatives in that nation are also having great difficulty in competing with their capitalist counterparts for inputs and clients. Their dependency on state institutions for access to capital and sale contracts is also threatening their sustainability. This situation is aggravated because little integration exists among them. To overcome these challenges, Venezuelan cooperatives need to coordinate their activities among themselves and with neighboring communities. Such democratic planning or coordination would also serve to consolidate their organizational and ethical principles, and to transform them into true socialist enterprises that effectively and efficiently satisfy social needs


This paper reviews studies on the acoustic emission of concrete, and considers the possibilities of its practical use in the nondestructive testing of concrete in engineering structures. The paper shows that much work has been done concerning the relationship of emission parameters to the strength and failure characteristics of concrete, but concludes that possibilities for use in nondestructive testing are yet to be established. (TRRL)


patient, which can become their only role and produce a feeling of loss of identity, of having no meaningful role at all [1 ,2]. The goal of psychiatric rehabilitation is to improve clients' skills and environmental supports in order to enable them to fulfill social roles [3,4]. Vaccaro, Pitts, & Wallace [5] assert that treatment and rehabilitation cannot be efficient if they are not connected with clients' goals and desired roles. Everyone should be able to feel that he occupies a position in society [6]. For Bigelow and his


Abstract : Collectively the three projects continue to aim at enhancing the science base to make food processing and food quality more predictable. The research effort clearly while dynamically changing to meet the new requirements of food processing aims at developing increased control over product manufacturing issues resulting from variable raw materials. By understanding how variable chemistry affects transport properties and by simulating the effect of changing transport properties on functionality, we are developing the necessary links to predict quality in the presence of variability. The transport models are pointing out to us the key processing and ingredient parameters which need to be adequately controlled to obtain reproducible quality and our in-line sensing research effort is developing the science and the technology to allow rigorous and intelligent control of the food processes. Finally, by understanding how deteriorative reactions in food are a function of the state and composition of foods as well as storage conditions (which in turn affect the equilibrium phase conditions) we are also developing the science base to keep food products stable during storage.


HIV is an immunodeficiency disease with emergence of inadequate corresponding reconstruction therapies. Pyroptosis of CD4+T cell is mainly caused by immune activation and inflammation that cannot be reduced by successful antiretroviral therapy (ART) alone. Co-infections because of CD4+T cell reconstitution failure can occur. Anti-inflammatory treatment determines the success of immune reconstitution. In our experiment, only a few cytokines could recover to normal level following with a 2-year antiretroviral treatment in early ART initiation, which is consistent with current findings about adjuvant HIV anti-inflammatory therapy. Early infection is often accompanied by a more severe inflammatory response. Innate immunity cytokines like GM-CSF, IP-10, and TNF-α exhibited the most elevated levels among all kinds of inflammatory cytokines. The correlation analysis showed at least eight cytokines contributing to the changes of CD4/CD8 ratio.


In today's challenging economy, the petroleum refining industry remains one of the most important industries in the world. However, this industry is facing many challenges, including price volatility and role of speculators, depletion of oil reservoirs, corporate social responsibility, clean-fuel legislation, strict greenhouse gas (GHG) regulations to reduce CO2 emissions into the atmosphere, and the large amount of water usually being used at the refineries. Therefore, petroleum refineries face a serious need to increase the efficiency and optimize the productivity of their conversion units, such as the hydrocracker and fluid catalytic cracking units (FCCs) and distillation towers. The organizer of this special session would like to invite theoretical and/or empirical contributions that advance the current state of knowledge in this area. The session addresses issues related to various aspects of using optimization modeling in petroleum refineries.


Abstract The casuarina moth, Lymantria xylina Swinhoe, is a serious defoliator of hardwood and fruit trees in Taiwan. Currently, overwintering egg mass density is the primary criterion used to monitor the population size of the casuarina moth. We assessed the relationship between casuarina moth egg mass size and the number of eggs per egg mass from two heavily infested sites in central Taiwan. Size parameters (length, width, area, and weight) were measured for each egg mass, and the egg number in each egg mass was counted. Results indicated substantial geographic variation in egg mass size. Regression analyses revealed a positive relationship between mass size (length, width, area, and weight) and the number of eggs per mass, and that weight explains ≈98% of the variation in the number of eggs per egg mass. The use of weight and other egg mass density measurements may provide forest and orchard managers with increased accuracy in estimating casuarina moth population size.


tion. Lintz's observation that certain reactions followed immediately upon injection in his earlier cases (Freyberg observed similar effects in some cases), but ceased to happen when the method of preparation of the injection was altered, appears to indicate that some other factor than metallic gold played a part. It would be interesting to know if this reaction occurred after a first dose or only after later ones; in the latter case an acquired sensitivity to some constituent seems a possible explanation. If this is so, the administration of calcium with the gold which has been advocated by some would seem to be a good practice. Gold has not hitherto been tried extensively in fibrositis, and the observations ofTarsy would appear to call for a more extensive trial of the colloidal form in suitable cases, preferably those which are apparently due to toxins of bacterial origin rather than to metabolic or traumatic causes. This is important in view of the probability that the diagnosis of fibrositis is made in cases of widely differing nature and aetiology. While the bacteriostatic action of gold in the plasma must be regarded as of great importance, the fact that colloidal gold was found by Tarsy to be effective in a good proportion of cases, while no bacteriostatic effect could be detected in the serum, seems to indicate the importance of some other mode of action in addition. The fact that some of the researches which have been discussed are still being carried on justifies the hope that the value of chrysotherapy will be clearly demonstrated apart from clinical *experience, and that sound principles for its use will be established. C. W. BIUCKLEY.


Referring to prostitution, Ian Peate (letters July 15) states: 'There is no place in contemporary nursing practice for nurses to make moral judgements about their patients.' Nurses make moral judgements all the time, but do not necessarily take the high ground. These judgements often provide a force for good and serve as a driver for improved care.


This project fabricates long-life boron nitride/boron oxynitride thin film -based capacitors for advanced SiC power electronics with a broad operating temperature range using a physical vapor deposition (PVD) technique. The use of vapor deposition provides for precise control and quality material formation.


This paper addresses a NASA Marshall Space Flight Center development contract for Hextek Corporation to produce a 250 mm ultra-lightweight borosilicate mirror blank for cryogenic testing to 30°K. Published data has shown borosilicate glass to be a highly stable material at extremely cold temperatures, with a lower cte (coefficient of thermal expansion) then Zerodur, ULE or fused silica. Hextek would use the cost effective and rapid production Gas-Fusion technology to fabricate a 15 kg/m2 substrate that would be figured and polished by NASA and tested cryogenically in the MSFC X-ray Calibration Facility. The expected payoff for NASA is the opportunity to prove out the performance for a substrate technology and mirror material that is capable of reducing cost, schedule and risk associated with the primary mirror in systems operating at cryogenic temperatures.


Nowadays, active magnetic bearings (AMBs) can be found operating in several applications. The fabrication of these devices can be considered a mature issue as a consequence of several decades of research and developing. Nevertheless, the related cost of the construction of its parts continues to be high. This is particularly true as the commissioning requires previous information like the machine shaft dimensions where these devices are going to be working. Even more, when there is not an automatic tool to mount their windings, this work continues to be manually. With this in mind, the possibility to use conventional induction motors to reduce the cost of active magnetic bearings is presented in this work. Different to the conventional (AMBs), the magnetic fluxes distribution is based in the coupled one structure as found in a four poles conventional AC motor with distributed windings. Through Finite Elements analysis, a two phase and a three phase cases are considered. Experimental results, using the two phase version, validate this approach.


The Modern Condition of the Industrial Equipment of the Russian Federation and the Tasks of Creating Innovative Economy in Russia. The article concerns the problems of modern state and the perspectives of innovation development of Russian industry.


The need to transmit images across tactical radio frequency (rf) links has been identified in army digitization applications. For example, military doctrine requires that tactical functions like identification of battlefield entities as potential targets and battle damage assessment be performed by the soldier. Currently, a key input to these processes is imagery. Therefore, the quality and timeliness of the image directly impact tactical performance. The military is investigating the employment of remote sensors and advanced communications systems to meet this requirement as part of its digitization effort. Army communications systems exist that partially meet this requirement. However, many existing solutions employ these legacy systems in the context of a point-to-point communications architecture. Solutions to the problem of transmitting images across a rf network have not been fully explored. The term network implies that the rf transmission media is common to and shared by multiple subscribers. It is a suite of capabilities that collectively manage media access and information transfer for its subscribers thus providing substantial improvements in effectiveness, efficiency, and robustness. This paper discusses the challenges of transmitting images using one army legacy communications system in a tactical rf network, presents a conceptual framework for attacking the problem, and discusses one solution.


Domain-Specific Modelling Languages (DSML) provide an opportunity to have end-users at the centre of the software development process. Although end-users are seldom software developers, providing a language that both the end-users and software developers understand enables fluent communication between the stakeholders. In this paper, work in progress in the development of a DSML for navigation applications on positioning enabled S60 mobile phones is presented. The presented language enables the end-user to instantly experience the impact of changes in the models, by utilising a code generator that produces complete applications from the models. The architecture of both the supporting software framework and the generated applications are also discussed.


The United States is now re-assessing its nuclear waste disposal policy and re-evaluating the option of moving away from the current once-through open fuel cycle to a closed fuel cycle. In a closed fuel cycle, used fuels will be reprocessed and useful components such as uranium or transuranics will be recovered for reuse. During this process, a variety of waste streams will be generated. Immobilizing these waste streams into appropriate waste forms for either interim storage or long-term disposal is technically challenging. Highly volatile or soluble radionuclides such as iodine ({sup 129}I) and technetium ({sup 99}Tc) are particularly problematic, because both have long half-lives and can exist as gaseous or anionic species that are highly soluble and poorly sorbed by natural materials. Under the support of Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) Laboratory-Directed Research & Development (LDRD), we have developed a suite of inorganic nanocomposite materials (SNL-NCP) that can effectively entrap various radionuclides, especially for {sup 129}I and {sup 99}Tc. In particular, these materials have high sorption capabilities for iodine gas. After the sorption of radionuclides, these materials can be directly converted into nanostructured waste forms. This new generation of waste forms incorporates radionuclides as nano-scale inclusions in a host matrix and thus effectively relaxes the constraint of crystal structure on waste loadings. Therefore, the new waste forms have an unprecedented flexibility to accommodate a wide range of radionuclides with high waste loadings and low leaching rates. Specifically, we have developed a general route for synthesizing nanoporous metal oxides from inexpensive inorganic precursors. More than 300 materials have been synthesized and characterized with x-ray diffraction (XRD), BET surface area measurements, and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The sorption capabilities of the synthesized materials have been quantified by using stable isotopes I and Re as analogs to {sup 129}I and {sup 99}Tc. The results have confirmed our original finding that nanoporous Al oxide and its derivatives have high I sorption capabilities due to the combined effects of surface chemistry and nanopore confinement. We have developed a suite of techniques for the fixation of radionuclides in metal oxide nanopores. The key to this fixation is to chemically convert a target radionuclide into a less volatile or soluble form. We have developed a technique to convert a radionuclide-loaded nanoporous material into a durable glass-ceramic waste form through calcination. We have shown that mixing a radionuclide-loaded getter material with a Na-silicate solution can effectively seal the nanopores in the material, thus enhancing radionuclide retention during waste form formation. Our leaching tests have demonstrated the existence of an optimal vitrification temperature for the enhancement of waste form durability. Our work also indicates that silver may not be needed for I immobilization and encapsulation.


The invention discloses a method for manufacturing cold isostatic pressing formed graphite, which comprises the following: a step of primary roasting, which is to raise a temperature below 300 DEG C in three days at a speed of 50 DEG C per shift, keep the temperature when the temperature reaches 300 DEG C, raise the temperature from 300 DEG C to 600 DEG C in five days at a speed of 20 DEG C per shift, raise the temperature above 600 DEG C at a speed of 50 DEG C per shift in six days until the temperature reaches 1,100 DEG C, and keep the temperature for six days, wherein the primary roasting costs 20 days; and a step of primary soaking, which is to soak in molten asphalt for 4 hours. When the method is used, the production period is shortened greatly, and the strength, density and other physical performance of the product are improved.


Back to the sleepy years, rise Of the rear fin and the crenelated pompadour, Moon like a hubcap rolling loose In a night sky more sex than science, Beyond the evils of geometry at three in the afternoon, Back to the long muscles born out of sweat and throb, Soft hair cradling a face at the sock hop, The nudge of new breasts under blouse and arousal, And records spun at the speed of crazed wheels Taking you somewhere far from yourself, Stars in a thin glitter, burnt out above A swagger of smoke in the parking lot, And then the Sunday bells and church doors open To the half-dead and the bed-wetters, Past the end of Genesis and deep into Deuteronomy, Black book from which no one escaped, Wound where the scruples put down roots, Years before the fallen protocols and the undertow, Before the wrought-iron agonies, sudden ripples in the heart, Cordage of veins and the ropy tendons, Before the ice, wind-whetted, at the lip of the downspout, And sirens scaring the air with a bloody scream,


This video reviews the management approach for prostate cancer in older patients, including when screening is appropriate and how geriatric assessments can guide treatment decisions.


Significance Here we identify that the long noncoding RNA Miat is induced by oncogenic signaling in medulloblastoma to maintain the self-renewal capacity of tumorigenic stem-like medulloblastoma cells and elicit resistance to cytotoxic therapy. Miat and the interacting RNA binding protein Metadherin contribute to a mechanism that promotes tumorigenesis and treatment resistance and regulates the biogenesis of some microRNAs involved in these processes.


We design a laboratory experiment to identify whether a preference for randomisation defines a stable type across different choice environments. In games and individual decisions, subjects face 20 simultaneous repetitions of the same choice. Subjects can randomise by making different choices across the repetitions. We find that randomisation does define a type that is predictable across domains. A sizeable fraction of individuals randomise in all domains, even in questions that offer a stochastically dominant option. For some mixers, dominated randomisation is responsive to intervention. We explore theoretical foundations for mixing, and find that most preference-based models are unable to accommodate our results.


This paper designs a physical experiment about utilizing oscilloscope to simulate slow action of oblique ejection's motion. The results show better definition.


The purpose study will discover the evident analysis of one humped dromedary foot. The analysis influences in finding sand of the camel sole in slipper regions that would support in discovery of footpad and foot syndromes. Behaviour of sole pad penetration into sand was predicted on camel's fore and rear feet using computed technique, for the corresponding segments at the same weights and speeds and for their selected distinctiveness. Camel walk's and his ordinary steps and increase speed to travel and cut off roads and deserts with the magnitude of the weights have a direct impact on the camel feet and stretch the pads, which requires the study of the case and shape of these feet-pads, and not to dive into the soft sand to walk through. For analysis, a 3D model was used. This was done using engineering programs draw a rough shape of the feet-pad through which can note the change, by changing the speed with or without bearing weight on his back. The results revealed that, their container sides were disconnected from the ground by footpad and the interdigital notch of the sole pad were appeared with various scales and colors.


Larval development in the aploactinid velvetfish, Matsubarichthys inusitatus, previously known only from the holotype, is described using 15 larvae from plankton samples. Larvae were identified based on their unique meristics. Development is rapid, with all fins formed and the skeleton largely ossified by 4 mm standard length. The larvae are robust, and are characterized by large, early-forming pigmented pectoral fins, 20 or 21 myomeres, and blunt head spines that form following notochord flexion. Although this description results in the larval development of M. inusitatus being the best documented of any aploactinid, the species is known from only 1 post-settlement individual, reported herein; the adult habitat and morphology remain unknown.


In combinatorics on words, a word $w$ over an alphabet $\Sigma$ is said to avoid a pattern $p$ over an alphabet $\Delta$ if there is no factor $f$ of $w$ such that $f=h(p)$ where $h:\Delta^*\to\Sigma^*$ is a non-erasing morphism. A pattern $p$ is said to be $k$-avoidable if there exists an infinite word over a $k$-letter alphabet that avoids $p$. A pattern is said to be doubled if no variable occurs only once. Doubled patterns with at most 3 variables and patterns with at least 6 variables are $3$-avoidable. We show that doubled patterns with 4 and 5 variables are also $3$-avoidable.


The origins of duty of care is the common law of middle ages. Through steady accumulation by case, the duty of care has been expanded and been branded with relative character. In order to maintain necessary social order of security transactions, duty of care asks someone acts in a particular case according to the necessary conduct rule, and in such scenes should take reasonable measures to prevent risks. It can regulate the non-feasance, adjust the negligence scope and limit tort liabilities.


The results of a comparative analysis of the deformation process of workpieces in convex-concave and trapezoidal strikers, carried out using computer modeling by the finite element method in the Deform program, are presented. In both designs, two variants are considered – with an equal and unequal ratio of the protrusion to the depression. For comparative analysis, equivalent stresses and deformations, energy-power parameters are considered. Also, on the basis of computer modeling, the analysis of the evolution of the microstructure during the deformation of workpieces in convex-concave and trapezoidal strikers was carried out. In the course of computer modeling, some advantage of the design of convex-concave strikers in comparison with trapezoidal strikers was proved.


In the course of the nineteenth century, dissident Kano mallamai (religious practitioners and teachers) organized non-Muslim moun taineers into revolt against the Sokoto Caliphate, culminating in the establishment of the Ningi Chiefdom ca. 1847. The mountaineers of Ningi resisted successfully the emirates of Bauchi, Kano, Zazzau, and a number of others down to 1902, when the British defeated them. Their social structures consisted of numerous small scale patri lineal and heterogeneous societies, and the linguistic classifications of the people were as equally diverse. For the most part scholars neglected these societies in northern Nigeria with emirate forma tion studies receiving due attention and in the few references to them in print, the "Ningi tribe" or "Ningi pagans" finds expression as a territorial unit. The writer was asked about a "Ningi religion" du ring the course of research. This interpretive essay is an attempt to put the "Ningi" nomenclature into proper perspective because of errors by early ethnographers and observers in northern Nigeria in tagging people casually with "tribal" names. This has happened elsewhere in Mrica and greater care must be exercised in this regard, especially when dealing with little known peoplel . The origin of the word "Ningi" appears problematic and in the early literature writers linked "Ningi" to a spoken language and "tribe" by that name. The Kano Chronicle contains the earliest re ference to some of the people and territory but the word Ningi is not mentioned. There are references to the "Warji" (Warjawa) in the


We prove a stability version of the Prekopa-Leindler inequality. 1 The problem Our main theme is the Prekopa-Leindler inequality, due to A. Prekopa [16] and L. Leindler [14]. Soon after its proof, the inequality was generalized in A. Prekopa [17] and [18], C. Borell [7], and in H.J. Brascamp, E.H. Lieb [8]. Various applications are provided and surveyed in K.M. Ball [1], F. Barthe [5], and R.J. Gardner [13]. The following version from [1], is often more useful and is more convenient for our purposes. THEOREM 1.1 (Prekopa-Leindler) If m, f, g are non-negative integrable functions on R satisfying m( r+s 2 ) ≥ √ f(r)g(s) for r, s ∈ R, then ∫


Introduction: Sexual violence, defined as any sexual act committed or attempted by another person without freely given consent, is pervasive on college campuses. A national survey of sexual violence on college campuses found that over 50% of women had experienced some form of sexual violence, while 34.5% of men reported at least one instance of perpetration. Though there is much literature on rates of sexual violence, little research currently examines the effects of parental communication on sexual violence. Findings thus far have been mixed: college-aged sexual violence perpetrators report worse relationships with their fathers and adolescent perpetrators report lower quality relationships with their mothers. The current study tests the hypothesis that men who regularly communicated with their parents reported less perpetration.


A series of nine model LWR pressure vessel steels were ion irradiated at 300 C using 2.5-MeV He ions, to a dose of 1.4x10{sup 17} ion/cm{sup 2}, corresponding to about 0.1 dpa at a depth of 2 {mu}m and about 3.5 dpa at the peak damage region which occurs at about 4 {mu}m deep. Resultant changes in hardness vs depth were measured using a Nanoindenter {reg_sign}. TEM was used to investigate the defect distributions. Effects of various solutes, Cu and N in particular, but Mn and Ti as well, on change of hardness and defect distribution due to ion irradiation are discussed.


Objectives : The purpose of this study is to evaluate if the answers of questionnaires correlate with real body shapes and to evaluate if there are any differences between different types of questionnaires. Methods : We hand-measured body circumferences and body widths to analyze statistically answers of 9 questions from 2 different questionnaires. Also we compared two different types of questionnaires with Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient and two way ANOVA test. Results : There are significant correlations between answers of questions and all measured body circumferences and most body circumferences except for iliac width. Also answers of questionnaires even about the same chest part are not quite the same according to the opposite type of questionnaire after we compared grouping two of eight questions. Patients seem to have difficulty to recognizing if their necks are well-developed or not especially when the question asks about body shape when comparing two parts such as neck vs waist or chest vs buttock. Conclusions : There is general tendency of recognizing one's body shape properly. But also there are differences of recognition according to the type of questionnaire about the same body. So it is recommended to study more about the questionnaires.


Hate speech or known as hatespeech has been known since the time of the Prophet Adam as and occurs in all the lives of all Prophets in the form of zur, slander, namimah, tajasus, ghibah, hasud, and so on. As a result of this form of negative communication the effects on the prophets and their people cannot be imagined. Hatespeech, which was launched by the infidels against Islam and Muslims or which led to the term 'Islamophobia', apparently also has existed since the time of the Prophet. In the early days of the preaching of the Prophet Muhammad, great hostility and attacks against Islam actually appeared in the midst of Arab society which incidentally was a compatriot of the Prophet himself namely in the Makkiyah period (610-622 AD) led by central figures of Quraish like Abu Jahal and Abu Lahab. This paper aims to analyze the case of hatespeech settlement using mau'dhui or thematic methods through the interpretation of Maslahah Najmuddin Al-Thufi as a product of the decline of Islam in particular, as well as Islamic law that demands reform efforts. The results of the study describe that the utterance of hatred in the ahkam at-Thuffi's interpretation method is considered to be devoid of problems, in contrast to mufasadat or harm. Because al-Thufi carries theories and concepts that are very fundamental in the dimension of human activity, in the context of this negative communication behavior namely the benefit of humans as the highest goal of Islamic shari'ah.


This paper presents a new model for anisotropic damage in bedrock under the combined influences of biotite weathering, regional stresses, and topographic stresses. We used the homogenization theory to calculate the mechanical properties of a rock representative elementary volume made of a homogeneous matrix, biotite inclusions that expand as they weather, and ellipsoidal cracks of various orientations. With this model, we conducted a series of finite element simulations in bedrock under gently rolling topography with two contrasting spatial patterns in biotite weathering rate and a range of biotite orientations. In all simulations, damage is far more sensitive to biotite weathering than to topographic or regional stresses. The spatial gradient of damage follows that of the imposed biotite weathering rate at all times. The direction of micro‐cracks tends to align with that of the biotite minerals. Relative to the topographic and regional stresses imparted by the boundary conditions of the model, the stress field after 1,000 years of biotite weathering exhibits higher magnitudes, wider shear stress zones at the feet of hills, more tensile vertical stress below the hilltops, and more compressive horizontal stress concentrated in the valleys. These behaviors are similar in simulations of slowing eroding topography and static topography. Over longer periods of time (500 kyr), the combined effects or weathering and erosion result in horizontal tensile stress under the hills and vertical tensile stress under and in the hills. These simulations illustrate how this model can help elucidate the influence of mineral weathering on Critical Zone evolution.


This paper presents a recursion scheme of constitutive model of orthogonal viscoelastic jointed rock mass and FEM recursive solution model of equivalent viscoelastic field.In the solving process,the calculation error can be avoided through the adaptive computation when the size of time step changes.The equivalent analysis of the calculation results and the finite element heterogeneous solutions based on ANSYS are compared through typical example that have been considered in the calculation of different constitutive combination,different joint relative width and orientation,different geometric structures,and different step length.Equivalent model results are satisfactory under the consideration of the calculation precision and the calculation cost.


In this paper, we consider the problem of affine subspace clustering, which requires to estimate the corresponding subspaces and assign the corresponding labels to data points on or near a union of low-dimensional affine subspaces. To address this problem, we propose a framework based on Nearest Subspace Neighbor (NSN). NSN is originally designed to estimate the geometric structure of clusters that can not be adequately performed by conventional approaches based on a general distance metric such as K-means, and has been applied in solving the linear subspace clustering problem. However, in real-world scenarios, the vast majority of data exist in the affine subspace rather than linear subspaces. To make better use of NSN, we construct an affinity matrix by incrementally picking the points considering affine subspaces in a greedy fashion. Statistical experiments demonstrate that our method outperforms both the original NSN and an affine subspace clustering method.


Three recent books focused on law, gender, and Islam not only make important individual contributions to the field of law and religion, but together, in their attention to issues of gender, sex, violence, and law, signal an important development in both this field and the field of Islamic studies. This state of the field essay examines Kecia Ali's revised and expanded edition of Sexual Ethics and Islam, Ayesha Chaudhry's Domestic Violence and the Islamic Tradition, and Hina Azam's Sexual Violation in Islamic Law. Individually and collectively, these works shed light on the way that societies use gender as a fundamental tool of social organization and hierarchy. While Ali, Chaudhry, and Azam focus mainly on the classical Sunni Islamic tradition, their insight has wider methodological import for the study of law and religion. Further, they illuminate the intellectual diversity within the Islamic tradition, both in the past and in the present. In doing so, they draw attention to the process of how the intellectual tradition is retrieved and appropriated in contemporary contexts. Finally, their work is historical and descriptive as well as normative: this kind of scholarship challenges the distinction in the study of religion between these two categories. Ali, Chaudhry, and Azam each places her observations and arguments about classical Sunni Islamic texts and traditions in productive conversation with ethical and legal questions that Muslims face today.


Accretion flows onto compact astronomical sources are likely to be supersonic, and shock waves may therefore be common in such flows. Plasma passing through a shock front will be compressed and heated according to the jump conditions across the shock discontinuity. Shocks in accretion flows may therefore have important consequences for the flow structure and emission characteristics. The equations governing adiabatic (nonradiative) shocks in relativistic plasmas are presented including the effects of radiation pressure and energy density, and pair equilibria in the postshock flow. We find that postshock states for accretion flows within cool, optically thick, accretion-driven sources such as AGN become radiationor pair-dominated, and the postshock plasma will likely become optically thin before returning to steady-state conditions.


Greedy linear shift balancing algorithm is presented for ring or linear array to reduce balancing time and the amount of the transferred load.The algorithm can be used for balancing any system in which internetwork contains at least one Hamilton path.It need not a large amount of load transferred among nodes or a large amount of the consumed time.In addition,two-stage greedy linear shift balancing algorithm is presented to improve the greedy linear shift balancing algorithm for mesh etc.Experimental results show that the two-stage linear shift balancing algorithm can reduce execution time when the balancing condition is weaken.


In this paper a dynamic model of a stepped beam excited by an electrodynamical actuator with non-negligible dynamics at one end is derived. As model ansatz the superposition of rigid-body and modal dynamics is chosen. This results in the assumption of separated rigid-body and modal dynamics. The modal part of the beam dynamics is modeled as a cantilever beam with inhomogeneous boundary conditions. The solution of the modal transversal displacement is developed in a fourier series with the eigenfunctions of the spatial eigenvalue problem (EVP) as basis functions. The EVP is solved for a stepped beam by defining spatial-transfer-matrices. It can be seen that the location of the discontinuity in the cross-sectional area is an appropriate degree of freedom for relocating a particular eigenfrequency in combination of amplifying the corresponding eigenmode. Finally, the entire system dynamics with two different stepped beams is measured and the results are compared with the theoretical considerations.


In production of oil field,a lot of equipments were discarded because of corrosion.The water flooding,polymer flooding and ASP flooding were adopted in Daqing Oilfield,and the three methods were adopted in the Xingbei Area.Referring to normal methods and integrating with actual circumstance,the effects of pH,Cl~-,SO_4~(2-),Ca~(2+),surfactant,polymer and bacteria,etc on corrosion were studied in this article.The results showed that the corrosion velocity descended with the increase of pH;It would rise with the augment of consistency of Cl~-;In certain consistency of Ca~(2+),the corrosion was prevented;Polymer and surfactant were provided with corrosion inhibition;With the augment of bacteria in neutral medium,corrosion aggravated.The sulfate reductive bacteria had greater corrosion effect,under the condition of alkali,the bacteria had no effect on corrosion,because it was hard for bacteria to live.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate how hotels respond to online reviews on a third-party Web site (such as TripAdvisor) based on the hotel's star rating. Design/methodology/approach – Content analysis was used to compare responses to online hotel reviews at five different levels of hotel based on a star-rating system ranging from one star to five stars. Findings – Most hotel managers' response rates were low, and they paid the most attention to positive comments. Managers at four- and five-star hotels more often responded to negative online reviews. Guest service manager was the most common job title of managers who responded to guests' reviews. Research limitations/implications – This paper is limited to an analysis of ten hotels, two for each of the five-star ratings. More hotel cases with long-term data collection involving the use of the star-rating system may provide more insights on this discussion. Practical implications – The exploratory study sought to identify strategies for m...


Marketing has an important role for trading and service companies. The company will manage how its marketing strategy Thus that the business is run to achieve the goal of gaining profits. In the current era of intense business competition, business people are making new innovations Thus that consumers can be maintained and can increase in number. The increasingly fierce competition is marked by the number of businesses in the culinary field that produce products of the same type. To win an increasingly competitive rival, business people are required to be able to create competitive advantage in order to satisfy consumers. Today many culinary businesses increasingly understand the importance of consumer satisfaction and develop strategies to provide satisfaction for consumers. Business engaged in culinary especially cafe, should understand the importance of customer satisfaction and develop a strategy Thus that customers are satisfied. Businesses must pay attention to factors that can create customer satisfaction. The product is produced according to the price set Thus that consumers do not feel disadvantaged. According to Isnandari and Sunarti (2018:106), determining this price becomes Thusmething crucial because companies must be able to provide prices that make consumers want to make purchases while providing a commensurate profit for the company. Companies can experience failure if it is not right in determining the price. Consumers will see the value of the product as the upper limit of the price. For consumers, price is often asThusciated with the benefits obtained for an item or service. In addition, the atmosphere generated by the cafe must alThus be considered because a good atmosphere can determine customer satisfaction. The atmosphere can build a first impression that entices consumers to enter the cafe, feel comfortable in it, and buy food or drinks. A good atmosphere with beautiful decoration alThus makes consumers do fun activities such as hanging out with friends, and take a picture Thus as to make the heart calmer. According to Salsabilah and Sunarti (2018:141), a restaurant must alThus innovate and be creative to create a comfortable, attractive layout and decoration, and artifacts that are unique to restaurant visitors, Thus that consumers are expected to linger in the restaurant. Consumers who are satisfied with the atmosphere of the cafe will give a positive impression Thus they will visit again. One of the businesses that make new innovations is a hangout or more familiar with the name Cafe. Cafe is one of the places chosen to gather with family and friends. Cafe is considered not only to offer food and drinks, but alThus offers facilities that can provide comfort for its customers by offering a unique atmosphere and is different from other cafes. Most cafes are used as a place to look for assignments for students because the cafe is equipped with wifi. No wonder Cafe customers can spend long hours in the cafe. ARTICLE INFO


························································································································· i DEDICATION ···················································································································· iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ··································································································· iv LIST OF FIGURES ············································································································ vi LIST OF TABLES ············································································································ xiv 1. Chapter 1. Monolithic suspended glassy carbon nanostructure ······························· 1 1.1 Background ········································································································ 2 1.2 Fabrication & Experimental ············································································ 9 1.3 Results & discussion ························································································ 11 2. Chapter 2. Suspended Pd/glassy carbon nanowire ·················································· 22 2.1 Background ······································································································ 23 2.2 Fabrication & Experimental ·········································································· 26 2.3 Results & discussion ························································································ 29 3. Chapter 3. Suspended ZnO NWs/glassy carbon nanowire ······································ 37 3.1 Background ······································································································ 38 3.2 Fabrication & Experimental ·········································································· 44 3.3 Results & discussion ························································································ 47 4. Chapter 4. Suspended 1D metal oxide nanostructure integrated the nano-heater ········································································································································ 63 4.1 Background ······································································································ 64 4.2 Fabrication & Experimental ·········································································· 71 4.3 Results & discussion ························································································ 75


We give a closed-form expression for the associated Meixner polynomials from which we derive closed-form expressions for the associated Charlier and Laguerre polynomials by a limit procedure. These formulas are then used to derive generating functions of these polynomials. Also, we investigate the Mehler-Heine type asymptotic formulas for the associated Meixner and Charlier polynomials. Some applications and consequences of our results are also mentioned.


Introduction The segmentation algorithms which are developed to segment joint structures from a single data set require human interaction and are very labor intensive. Previous studies have shown that accurate segmentation of MRI data of the brain for either 2D or 3D presentation requires the use of multispectral data (1). Several algorithms have been developed to allow the accurate fusion of two or more MR brain data sets (2). To improve the segmentation of musculoskeletal structures we developed an algorithm to register and fuse two orthogonal 3D musculoskeletal MR imaging data sets and tested its feasibility in automatic segmentation of the knee and shoulder structures.


Accurate sag source location and precise sag type recognition are both essential to verifying the responsible party for the sag and taking countermeasures to improve power quality. In this paper, an attention-based independently recurrent neural network (IndRNN) for sag source location and sag type recognition in sparsely monitored power system is proposed. Specially, the given inputs are voltage waveforms collected by limited meters in sparsely monitored power system, and the desired outputs simultaneously contain the following information: the located lines where sag occurs; the corresponding sag types, including motor starting, transformer energizing and short circuit; and the fault phase for short circuit. In essence, the responsibility of the proposed method is to automatically establish a nonlinear function that relates the given inputs to the desired outputs with categorization labels as few as possible. A favorable feature of the proposed method is that it can be realized without system parameters or models. The proposed method is validated by IEEE 30-bus system and a real 134-bus system. Experimental results demonstrate that the accuracy of sag source location is higher than 99% for all lines, and the accuracy of sag type recognition is also higher than 99% for various sag sources including motor starting, transformer energizing and 7 different types of short circuits. Furthermore, a comparison among different monitor placements for the proposed method is conducted, which illustrates that the observability of power networks should be ensured to achieve satisfactory performance.


Urinary incontinence is defined by international continence society as "a condition in which involuntary loss of urine is objectively demonstrable and is a social hygiene problem "It refers to the involuntary leakage of urine can be associated with a systemic complication. Its prevalence is higher in women than in men thought it can affect men and women equally. It has the high prevalence due to its impact on the quality of life. The presence of urinary incontinence can be associated with anger; embarrassment related to any clinical condition, with loss of self-esteem and decrease motivation and decrease social, physical quality of life. Moment plausibility is that the bladder is presently overactive because of the surgery or changes in the pelvic floor musculature related with hysterectomy. Urge incontinence causes spillage of urine all of a sudden, related with critical ness and the powerlessness to smother such inclinations. Objective: Aim of this study is to determine urinary incontinence in women with hysterectomy. To assess the impact of urinary incontinence on quality of life of women undergone hysterectomy. Background: Furthermore, this study highlighted the presence of pain, discomfort, alteration of Quality of life and functional limitation due to incontinence of urine associated after Hysterectomy. An observational survey from different hospitals of Rawalpindi and Islamabad was conducted to collect relevant information. Methods: Standard questionnaire tools (UDI-6) and (KHQ) was used to collect data from 100 women using convenient random sampling technique in different hospitals of Rawalpindi and Islamabad. Results: The result revealed that urinary incontinence in women with hysterectomies strongly associated with altered quality of life causing loss of self-esteem leading to an impairment. Conclusion: This study concluded urinary incontinence associated with hysterectomy had pronounced effects on quality of life of women causing physical, social and psychological role limitations and participation restriction.


Dense arrays of silicon and silicon germanium nanowires are fabricated using a top–down approach, which exploits the excellent patterning capabilities of inductively coupled plasmas. Using standard deep UV lithography on a previously deposited silicon oxide hard mask, silicon nanowires with straight and smooth sidewalls and a high aspect ratio greater than 60:1 can be obtained with SF6/O2/HBr/SiF4 plasma chemistries. The best results are obtained using Cl2/N2 high-density plasmas to pattern Si0.5Ge0.5 nanowires with an aspect ratio of 10:1.


The insulation co-ordination of the converter station is important for the security and economy of the ultra-high voltage DC(UHVDC) transmission system.We studied the influence of two kinds of DC protection on DC transient overvoltage and insulation coordination of a ±800 kV converter station,such as converter DC differential protection and electrode open circuit protection.Moreover,we established a simulation model of the DC transient overvoltage of Nuozhadu power plant to Guangdong ±800 kV UHVDC power transmission project based on PSCAD/EMTDC program so as to analyze the influence of these two kinds of DC protection on the insulation coordination.The simulation results show that the influence of these two kinds of DC protection on the insulation coordination is remarkable,and the DC protection and insulation coordination scheme of the converter station in Nuozhadu power plant to Guangdong ±800 kV UHVDC power transmission project should be improved based on the Yunnan to Guangdong ±800 kV UHVDC power transmission project.The numbers of E1H and E2H arresters should be increased if time delay in the converter DC differential protection and neutral bus overvoltage protection cannot be decreased.


The investigation of a criminal offence case in the court generally is to find out the material real truth from a criminal offence case.The effort from the legal side (state enforcers) is to get evidences from a case processed.In criminal case investigations should have an evidence that strongly appoints the fault of the suspect. A persecution case needs an expert description to strenghten the persecution case and to be reported into Visum Et Repertum whether the persecution effects is afterwards deaths (ie hospital) or murder.This research is based on court case number 3490/Pid.b/PN.Mdn.The purposes of the research is to find out the causes of persecution occurences and to know what is the role of the Visum Et Repertum in proofing the persecution case that caused the death.


This work describes anatomical aspects of the Tillandsia aeranthos leaf. The description involves the mesophyll, and the trichomes, which cover the epidermis, and the dense lignin layer, which cover the epidermical and hipodermical internal walls.


Nottingham Acknowledgements We thank Robert Baldwin and Glen Cain for their help in providing the wage series used in this paper and Tim Lloyd for valuable advice on the econometric analysis. We gratefully acknowledge financial support from The Leverhulme Trust under Programme Grant F114/BF. Abstract We depart from the trade and wages literature and its emphasis on North-South trade, examining North-North trade and linkages between trade-based integration and relative wages in an Ethier-type division of labor model. Using this model we identify a formal relationship between international trade, productivity, and wages. We then examine the trivariate relationship between trade, growth in total factor productivity (TFP), and the skill premium in a vector autoregression framework. We find evidence of a long-run relationship between growth in intermediate goods and changes in TFP. Controlling for this relationship we also find a positive relationship between trade and the skill-premium.


All tests described below have a visual representation inFig. A1 , where tests are indicated in the figure caption:Fig. A1. Visualization of the 10 Cognition Battery Tests. 1 5 Motor Praxis; 2 5 Visual Object Learning Test; 3 5 FractalNBACK; 4 5 Abstract Matching; 5 5 Line Orientation Test; 6 5 Emotion Recognition Test; 7 5 Matrix Reasoning Test;8 5 Digit Symbol Substitution Test; 9 5 Balloon Analog Risk Task; 10 5 Psychomotor Vigilance Test. [Reprinted withpermission from Moore TM, et al. Validation of the Cognition Test Battery for Spacefl ight in a sample of highly educatedadults. Aerosp. Med. Hum. Perform. 2017; 88(10):937–946 (Appendix A, Fig. A1; https://doi.org/10.3357/AMHP.4801sd.2017).]


Nearly twenty years ago, the implementation of the Model for End Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score was anticipated to reduce disparities in liver transplantation (LT). Prior to its rollout, Black patients with liver disease were noted to have lower listing rates and higher waitlist mortality compared to White patients. While initial analysis did support that a transition to a MELD-based organ allocation system had reduced disparities in waitlist mortality, Black patients continued to have lower rates of listing itself.


A research about "Microwave Effect on the Chitin Deacetylation Process of Shrimp-Shell Waste (Panaeus merguensis) " is done. This research aims to decrease the reaction time of acetyl group determination and to get glucosamine hydrochloride that fit the standard. In this research, NaOH 50% is used, while the radiation duration is varied. Microwave radion durations are under 30 minute i.e. 3,7,11,15 minutes with 450 watt power to examine the effectivity of microwave technology compared to conventional method. FTIR  (Fourier Transform Infrared)  test results show that the highest Deacetylation Degree (DD) of chitosan 62,72%, is reached at 15 minutes of microwave radiation duration, that equivalent with deacetylased chitosan by conventional method that is 61,78%. Chitosan then undergoes the making process of glucosamine hydrochloride by using HCl 37%. The characterization result show that glucosamine hydrochloride has a good solubility in water, melting point of 190oC, FTIR spectrum of glucosamine hydrochloride shows  absorption bands that fit the standard glucosamine hydrochloride and XRD test result show that theb synthesized crystal still has a low crystalinity. Keyword: microwave, chitin, chitosan, deacetylation degree, glucosamine hydrochloride .


The purpose of this study was to examine multiple predictors of maternal authoritarian parenting including (a) cluttered homes, (b) child characteristics (i.e., emotional temperament), and (c) maternal characteristics (i.e., tense/nervousness). Data were gathered from 177 mothers of young children between ages 3 and 5 (95 male, 82 female children) attending two early childhood programs in a midsized community in the western United States. Structural equation modeling (AMOS 19.0) was used to examine the strength of the relationships within the model. Results showed that authoritarian parenting was positively predicted by home clutter and mother tenseness/nervousness, and mediational analyses shed light on the nature of these relationships.Key Words: authoritarian, emotionality, home, parenting, stress.Although researchers in the field of environmental psychology and similar fields have explored how a few environmental factors (i.e., noise, color, crowding, architectural depth) affect human functioning on an individual basis (i.e., withdrawal, learning), there is a need to examine how additional aspects of the residential home environment affect family processes (i.e., parenting styles and practices). For example, there is a plethora of work examining how colors and decor affect the moods of individuals (see Pile, 1997, for review), yet parenting and familyfunctioning outcomes are neglected in current research. An additional line of research has examined the effects of factors such as crowding or noise in the home environment. For instance, Evans, Lepore, and Schroeder ( 1996 ) discovered that in a crowded home environment, individuals tend to exhibit increased withdrawn behaviors. However, little research has been done regarding how other aspects of the home environment (e.g., clutter) affect behaviors of children and parents. One of the few studies that tapped into this issue explored the relationship between neglectful and abusive parental behaviors and homes in extreme disrepair, including sanitary issues, rodents, mold, and excrement (Watson-Purczel, Lutzker, Greene, & McGimpsy, 1988). But further study is needed that addresses a less extreme level of home "dirtiness," as in the previous example, or "clutter," as may be illustrated by fanatical hoarding, and its relationship to more normative aspects of parenting and family variables. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine aspects of the home environment as predictors of maternal parenting. Specifically we explored how (a) home clutter (i.e., general untidiness, messiness of rooms, disorganization, accumulation of dirty dishes), (b) child characteristics (i.e., emotionality), and (c) mother characteristics (i.e., tense/nervousness) predict maternal authoritarian parenting.The Role of the EnvironmentBronfenbrenner's (1979) notions of "environmental contexts" explicitly include the family. neighborhood, culture, and community as systems, or settings, that affect and are affected by their parts or members (e.g., the developing child). It is important to consider that these smaller systems also include physical structures such as parks, schools, and houses that make up neighborhoods and communities. To address these physical elements, a movement known as environmental psychology (also known as human ecology, cognitive ergonomics, architectural psychology, socioarchitecture, and environmental design research) highlights the interaction between humans and their built environment (Proshansky, 1987). This line of work has been particularly informative in explicating the role of environmental factors (i.e., crowding, noise, pollution) on individuals (i.e., tendency to withdraw, hearing sensitivity, allergies, etc.). For example, Regoeczi (2002) explored the implications of a high-density (i.e., crowded with people) neighborhood on children's behaviors and found that the density of the neighborhood and the density of the home interact in predicting child outcomes. …


ABSTRACT We developed a multiplexed indirect immunofluorescence assay for antibodies to Haemophilus influenza type b (Hib) polysaccharide and the toxoids of Clostridium tetani (Tet) and Corynebacterium diphtheriae (Dip) based on the Luminex multiple-analyte profiling system. A pooled serum standard was calibrated against World Health Organization standards for Dip and Tet and an international standard for Hib. The multiplexed Luminex assay was compared to individual enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for the same analytes. By both methods, 75 (92.6%) of 81 of random serum samples had protective levels of antibody to Tet (≥0.1 IU/ml). For Dip, 81.5% of the samples had protective antibody levels (≥0.1 IU/ml) by ELISA and 80.2% had protective antibody levels by Luminex. Protective levels (≥1.0 μg/ml) of antibody to Hib were found in 45.0% of the samples tested by ELISA and in 39.0% of the samples tested by Luminex. The correlations (R2) between ELISA and Luminex of the 81 samples were 0.96, 0.96, and 0.91 for Tet, Dip, and Hib, respectively. There was also similar agreement between Luminex and ELISA for sera collected before and 1 month after Tet, Dip, and Hib vaccine administration. Both methods detected strong postvaccination responses. The Luminex method is an attractive alternative to ELISA since it reduces labor and reagent costs, as well as assay time.


We propose a data-driven design method of perfect-reconstruction filterbank (PRFB) for sound-source enhancement (SSE) based on deep neural network (DNN). DNNs have been used to estimate a time-frequency (T-F) mask in the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) domain. Their training is more stable when a simple cost function as mean-squared error (MSE) is utilized comparing to some advanced cost such as objective sound quality assessments. However, such a simple cost function inherits strong assumptions on the statistics of the target and/or noise which is often not satisfied, and the mismatch of assumption results in degraded performance. In this paper, we propose to design the frequency scale of PRFB from training data so that the assumption on MSE is satisfied. For designing the frequency scale, the warped filterbank frame (WFBF) is considered as PRFB. The frequency characteristic of learned WFBF was in between STFT and the wavelet transform, and its effectiveness was confirmed by comparison with a standard STFT-based DNN whose input feature is compressed into the mel scale.


We consider a downlink resource allocation problem that maximizes the downlink rate, where several users can be allocated to the same resource by employing a larger modulation alphabet. Moreover, each user is constrained to receive across one resource only. The latter constraint is especially suitable for computational and power constrained users. These requirements give rise to a different resource allocation problem compared to previous studies. The throughput of a user is not measured by conventional logarithm formulae for throughput (which implicitly assume Gaussian alphabets). Instead, we let UEs calculate effective signal- to-noise-ratios for each resource and modulation alphabet, which corresponds to the achievable data rate on a resource with the specific modulation. These values are reported to the transmitter, which then uses them to find the optimal allocation. The underlying optimization problem is discrete, and it is made linear through our formulation of the problem. We solve the problem exactly, and formulate a simple heuristic allocation procedure that is close to the optimal allocation in simulated scenarios.


The invention relates to a method to improve the burning efficiency of oil adding with oil additive assistant agent. The feature is spraying hydrogen peroxide solution into the burning room after atomized. It could improve the burning efficiency of oil and decrease the release of harmful gas.


Manoj Soni (  firstname.lastname@example.com ) Council of Scienti c and Industrial Research(CSIR)-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Meraj Ahmed Council of Scienti c and Industrial Research(CSIR)-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Sanjay Kumar Panthi Council of Scienti c and Industrial Research(CSIR)-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Surendra Kumar Academy of Scienti c and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India Institute (AMPRI), Bhopal-462026, India Khushwant Singh Gavel Council of Scienti c and Industrial Research(CSIR)-Advanced Materials and Processes Research


Recognizing patient activity in real-time from video or images collected by a CCTV camera available in the hospital during a Covid-19 situation has proven challenging. The dilemma of patient activity recognition is identifying and recognizing a patient's various actions in a series of videos. The process presented in our paper needs to achieve unrestricted, generic behavior in videos. Detecting events in any video is often difficult because we use Bidirectional ConvLSTM to create a robust patient in the sense behaviors (PSB) framework capable of eliminating certain barriers. To begin this paper by proposing a new Bidirectional ConvLSTM for establishing a stable PSB scheme. Our proposed model is capable of accurately predicting patient's behaviors like seated, standing, and so on. Using Bidirectional ConvLSTM, learning information from a pre-trained model is an excellent place to start for rapidly developing a new PSB system using a current PSB database, as both the source and target datasets are critical. All parameters are frozen in a pre-trained PSB device. Then, using the UCI and HMDB51 dataset to train the model, variables and local relations are progressively fixed. A novel PSB framework is developed using the target dataset. Relevant tests are conducted using commonly used research indices to assess prediction precision accuracy. They acknowledge six patient's behavior with a weighted accuracy rate of 92%. For recognizing novel activity, laying, the precision of a corresponding prediction is the best, 91%, of all six test results. The proposed work uses bidirectional ConvLSTM with modified activation layers to sense the patients' behavior. This article may be a patient activity recognition system to identify an individual. It takes a clip of COVID-19 patients as input and looks for matches inside the hold-on images.


This paper proposes a new concept of controller encryption for enhancement of the cyber-security of networked control systems and presents how to encrypt a linear controller using our modified homomorphic encryption schemes based on public-key RSA and ElGamal encryption systems. A remarkable advantage of the controller encryption is to be able to conceal several informations processed inside the controller device, such as controller parameters, references (recipes), measurements, control commands, and parameters of plant models in the internal model principal, maintaining an original function of the controller. Therefore, even if malicious users hacked the controller device by unauthorized accesses, it would take much time and cost to decipher and steal the control system's information. Finally, numerical examples confirm that only the scrambled parameters and signals can be seen in the controller device of the security-enhanced networked control system.


The brain and body consist of complex networks of interconnected feedback and feed forward loops. Because these networks are capable of supporting multiple homeostatic states, a stressor or combination of stressors may cause the network to become "stuck" in a persistent maladaptive state, for example, chronic pain and the potentiation of opioid dependency. The current research uses automated text mining of over 14,000 publications to assemble a regulatory circuit consisting of 44 immune and neurotransmission mediators linked by 188 documented regulatory interactions. Decisional logic parameters dictating the regulatory dynamics available to each network model were estimated such that predicted behavior would adhere to observed pathologies. Analysis of this psycho-neuroimmune network confirmed that a broad family of behavioral kinetics may be equally capable of supporting dynamically stable conditions of chronic pain, persistent depression and addiction behaviors. Despite differences in the predicted course of onset, these models typically point to characteristic patterns of increased inflammatory activity in the brain for each of these pathologies, specifically increased expression of the protein complex NF-kB and inflammatory signaling proteins IL1-B, IL6, and TNF. Potential treatments targeting both addiction and chronic pain may therefore benefit from the use of anti-inflammatory drugs as pharmacological potentiators of current behavioral interventions. Clinical Relevance This work establishes a methodology for understanding both illness-specific and shared mechanisms underlying addiction, chronic pain, and depression, and the corresponding expression profiles of psychoneuroimmune markers that might facilitate screening and treatment design.


The rectenna, in general, is composed of two parts: an antenna for the reception of the radio frequency (RF) signals, and a circuit for the conversion of RF energy into DC voltage using an impedance matching circuit and a voltage multiplier. In this work, a dielectric resonator antenna is proposed, then a comparison of various voltage multipliers found in the literature is presented. Finally, the results of the considered circuits are analyzed in order to measure the output voltage and to make a quantitative comparison. Two simulation software are used; CST for antenna part and ADS for the co-simulation.


Multifactorial intervention does not prevent falls in older people with cognitive impairment and dementia, Newcastle researchers report. Older people with cognitive impairment and dementia are at increased risk of falls, with an annual incidence of about 60 per cent - twice that of cognitively normal older people.


Integrating distributed renewable energy sources into a small scale energy zone (SSEZ) requires a control model that can use many services of information. We have investigated how well the characteristics of a service oriented architecture (SOA) are suited to providing the control model for an SSEZ. Our previous research has identified a set of major characteristics for an SOA, and we examine the interactions involved in mapping the design for an SSEZ to them. We found a good match between the two forms and here explored how the design might be represented. A service-based model is able to provide an appropriate basis for managing an SSEZ.


A global 3-D chemistry-transport model has been applied to study the atmospheric sulphur cycle, and in particular the volcanic component. The model is in general agreement with previous studies of the global S budget. We find that volcanic emissions constitute 10% of the present-day global SO2 source to the atmosphere, but form 26% of the SO2 burden, and 14% of the sulphate aerosol burden. Two previous modelling studies suggested the volcanic fraction of sulphate was 18% and 35%, from sources representing 7% and 14%, respectively, of the global total SO2 emission. The results are dependent upon various assumptions about volcanic emissions (magnitude, geographical location, altitude), the global distribution of oxidants, and the physical processes of dry and wet deposition. Because of this dependence upon poorly constrained parameters, it is unclear which modelling study is closest to the truth.


The article describes the history of the Catholic community in Ryazan since its inception to the present day. Participation of Polish Catholics and their position in the social, administrative and religious life in the Russian empire, the K. Tsiolkovsky's family, the construction of the temple at the end of the XIX century, religious persecution in the Soviet Union in 1920-1930, the revival of the parish since 1996 and its current status, pastoral work with foreign Catholic students, the destruction and the deplorable state of the church, sample of architecture.


Abstract On the basis of an examination of the results of parliamentary elections in Slovakia and Macedonia from 1990 to 2002, this paper juxtaposes the assertions of advocates of consensual and majoritarian democracy with the actual parliamentary representation of minorities in each country. Attending on the one hand to the parliamentary representation of each country's largest minority population, and, on the other hand, to the parliamentary representation of Roms, the paper also makes note of considerations underlying innovations in the Slovak and Macedonian electoral systems since the first post-communist elections. It concludes that the effects of electoral system design on minority representation are neither negligible nor decisive.


We previously observed that all‐trans retinoic acid (ATRA), an active metabolite of vitamin A (VA), induced gene expression of chemokines associated with the phenotype of alternatively activated macrophages (AAM) in several different types of macrophages. To further explore this observation, the transcriptome induced by a 24 hr treatment of explanted pig alveolar macrophages with ATRA in vitro was profiled by Illumina‐based deep sequencing (DS) technology. ATRA induced significant differences in several hundred genes including a large number of genes associated with AAM and extracellular matrix formation and degradation. Several negative regulators of the IL‐1 pathway were induced, and genes involved in superoxide production and the pro‐inflammatory S100 family were down‐regulated. In addition, several genes involved in lipid metabolism, obesity, and adipokine production were regulated. A very high degree of correlation was observed between the fold changes of 70 selected genes of interest measured by real‐time PCR and DS (p < 0.001, r2 = 0.862). Over 90% of these observations were novel and supported the hypothesis that ATRA induces an AAM with an anti‐inflammatory phenotype. Furthermore, VA via ATRA appeared to play a previously unrecognized role in tissue fibrosis and obesity. (Supported by USDA/ARS)


Foundations are one of the oldest organizational forms globally; their number and resources, as well as their socio-political and economic importance, have steadily continued to grow. Yet, foundations' attributes, activities, and actual achievements remain underexplored and poorly understood. This is particularly noticeable in the context of global policy and transnational administration, an area where foundations tend to be subliminal players, acting as a widely unrecognized socio-political undercurrent. Addressing the resulting need for better and alternative conceptualizations of foundations, our paper uses French pragmatic sociology of critique (FPSC), a non-structuralist, post-Bourdesian, approach to sociology, to theorize philanthropic foundations within the policy agora. Through FPSC, we present foundations as a composite setup of activity, where critically reflexive actors bring normative ideologies and knowledge to policy, providing a new avenue for how scholarship can interpret and critique foundations and their influence.


The present study was focused on counting of Howell-Jolly bodies in peripheral blood of Yellow-necked mouse (Apodemus flavicollis), in localities Mnich and Hrboltova. The aim of the study was counting Howell-Jolly bodies per 1000 erythrocytes in peripheral blood for all 164 captured animals. Increase of Howell-Jolly bodies was recorded for 47% of Yellow-necked mice in locality Mnich and for 35% in locality Hrboltova. Amount of Howell-Jolly bodies in peripheral blood of animals between two study sites did not differ significantly, but showed tendency to increase.


Transmittance property of the metal film with periodic T-shape structure in the near infrared region has been investigated by using the two-dimensional Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method. The T-shape means that the slits' width of the upper section is larger than the lower part in a cell. All slits are narrower than the illuminating wavelengths. The electromagnetic transmission peak waggles with wavelength increasing while augmenting the deepness of the upper section and fixing the total height of the grating film. The wider upper sub-wavelength slit displays larger waggle extent in the transmission spectrum. The sub-wavelength slits works as waveguide and effective indexes of the waveguide varied with the width of slits. The upper and lower sub-wavelength slits show different effective indexes due to they have different widths. Changing the deepness will adjust the length of the resonance cavity. The transmission spectrum waggles while deepening the upper slits, which is visible in Fabry-Perot resonance. The field distribution of the light with peak transmission in and near a cell of the grating testifies the Fabry-Perot effect. An analytical equation is also provided to approximately locate the transmission peaks. The T-shape structure in a cell of metal grating supplies a new way to modulate the transmission spectrum.


Selective laser melting (SLM) is an attractive technology for fabricating complex metal parts with reduced number of processing steps compared to traditional manufacturing technologies. The main challenge in its adoption is the variability in mechanical property produced through this process. Control and understanding of microstructural features affected by the SLM process is the key for achieving desirable mechanical properties. Numerous studies have been published related to microstructure and mechanical properties of SLM printed parts; however, few of those reported end-to-end process–structure–property relationship. Therefore, the current study aims to comprehensively present the widespread microstructure information available on SLM processed Ti6Al4V alloy. Furthermore, its effects on the magnitude and anisotropy of the resultant mechanical properties, such as the yield strength and elongation, has been established. A Hall–Petch relationship is established between α lath size and yield strength magnitude for the as-built, heat-treated, transverse, and longitudinal built samples. The anisotropy in flow stress is established using the α lath size and prior β grain orientation. Percentage elongation was identified to be affected by both α lath size and powder layer thickness, due to its correlation with the prior β columnar grain size. A linear relationship was established between percentage elongation and combined size of α lath and powder layer thickness using the rule of mixtures.


: INTRODUCTION: Parapharyngeal space tumors are rare, but are reported all over the world with an incidence of 0.5% of Head and Neck tumors. Parapharyngeal space is a potential space lateral to the upper part of pharynx extending from base of the skull to the Hyoid bone. It contains important and vital structures connecting the Head and thorax. The importance of the tumors of this space lies in the fact that its approach from outside (Trans cervical) is a surgical challenge and from within (Transoral) does not give a good vascular control. Improved visibility and monitored dissection is reported with the use of endoscopes to assist Transoral approach to parapharyngeal tumors excision is reported from all over the world. A retrospective study of sinus endoscopes assisted excision of parapharyngeal tumors was conducted at the Government Hospital attached to Kakatiya Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Telangana between August 2012 and July 2013. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 19 patients were operated for Para-pharyngeal tumors. All the tumors were benign in nature. They included 9 tumors of mixed salivary gland type, 6 were neurogenic, 2 were Schwanomas and 2 were lipomas. Operative notes and video films of the surgical procedure undertaken by different surgeons are the source of the present study. OBSERVATIONS: The diagnosis of all the tumors was based on HRCT of the neck. Pre-operative arteriogram was not undertaken in any of the patients. HRCT helped to determine the size and extent of the tumor and to differentiate tumors of parotid and extra-parotid origin and to demonstrate degree of tumor vascularity. Sensitivity to differentiate between benign and malignant tumors with HRCT was found to be 97%. The tumor resectability was judged by the presence of fat at the periphery of the tumor which gives low density marking. Sinus endoscope (Zero degree and thirty degree) was found to be useful to magnify, observe the cleavage of dissection behind the tumor mass intra-operatively. CONCLUSIONS: Sinus endoscope assisted dissection of parapharyngeal tumors of parapharyngeal tumors is superior to naked eye dissection, as it guides the surgeon to visualize the cleavage between the tumor and the normal tissue. It gives a haemostatic control over minor bleeding vessels. It gives a magnified recording facility. location (Pre Styloid or post Styloid), vascularity, tumor's relation to great vessels and nerves and malignant change. (4) Ehrlich in 1950 described the Trans oral approach for small, less vascular tumors. Transoral route gives poor exposure and vascular control. (5) Mc Elroth presented a series of 112 patients in whom Transoral approach along with ligation of external carotid artery was used. In the present retrospective study Operative notes and videos of 19 patients are analyzed to highlight the endoscope assisted excision of parapharyngeal tumors. studied retrospectively to the methods of investigations undertaken for confirmation of their diagnosis and surgical details. Patients presenting with the complaints of mass in the Oropharnyx, dysphagia, and regurgitation of fluids through nose and aspiration of fluids while swallowing were included in the study. The duration of symptoms was recorded. All the demographic data, like age, sex, occupation, and professional and socio economic status were recorded. Radiological investigation with HRCT was undertaken in all the patients using axial, coronal and sagittal views. MRI scan was done in patients with suspicious vascular nature of the PPS tumor. FNAC was done in all patients. Arteriography or Embolization procedures were not undertaken in any of the patients. Consent for the surgery and risk of developing post-operative neurological deficit was taken. One unit of compatible blood was reserved for all the surgeries and a compatible donor was also kept ready for bleed when necessary. All the patients were operated under General Anesthesia through Transoral route. Patient is kept in Tonsillectomy position with Davis Boyles mouth gag used to expose the oropharnyx. Nasal Endoscope (Zero Degree and 30 Degree) was used to visualize the cleavage of inaccessible areas behind the tumor mass while dissecting and recording the dissection. Dissection was carried out Transoral route. All patients had benign tumors of salivary gland origin (1 monomorphic and 5 pleomorphic). 3 out of 6 patients were asymptomatic. There were no surgical complications and blood loss was minor in all cases. (16) Wei-liang Chen, You-yuan Wang et al in their study of evaluating the outcome of Endoscopic assisted Transoral resection of large benign tumors of the parapharyngeal space concluded that is a simple and safe technique that achieves excellent aesthetic and functional results. (17) Wang X, Gong S et al in their comparison between long term effects of Endoscopic assisted Transoral excision of their parapharyngeal tumors and Other methods like trans cervical, trans parotid and trans Mandibular approaches, found that EATA (Endoscopic Assisted Transoral approach) was found to be significant statistically lower blood loss, hospitalized time and post-operative pain (P<0.05). They also concluded that the PPS could be removed completely with preservation of facial cosmetic. (18) Iseri M, Ozturk M et al in their study of endoscopic assisted excision of four cases of parapharyngeal tumors concluded that the technique provided less operative trauma, a more comfortable postoperative period, and, most importantly, increased operative exposure. operative the present study and Follow-up revealed that in most patients the tumor was discovered on routine physical examination. If benign tumors are removed from the Para-pharyngeal space in a deliberately planned manner, recurrence rates are extremely low. Endoscopic assistance in Transoral route gives better visualization of areas behind the tumor and good vascular control of minor vessels.


Plasmon-driven chemical reactions have been a prospective field for surface plasmon resonance and tip-enhanced Raman scattering. In this review, the principles of tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) are first introduced. Following this, the use of Au TERS for plasmon-driven synthesis catalysis is introduced. Finally, the use of Au TERS for catalysis of dissociation reactions is discussed. This review can provide a deeper understanding of Au TERS for plasmon-driven catalysis.


Background: Adolescents constitute a significant proportion of the vulnerable group in the society and often engage in risky sexual behaviours which predispose to HIV/AIDS. Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitude, preventive practices of HIV/AIDS and its associated factors among adolescents in Ora community, Edo State. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 440 secondary school students selected by stratified sampling technique. Data was obtained with pretested interviewer-administered questionnaires. Results: Two hundred and forty-two (242; 55.0%) of the respondents were aged 10 – 14 years. Two hundred and seventy-one 271 (61.6%) of the respondents had good knowledge of HIV/AIDS, while 291 (59.3%) had a positive attitude towards HIV/AIDS. Age 15 – 19 years (p = 0.001) male sex (p = 0.049) and respondents in SS2 class (p = 0.005) were significantly associated with knowledge. A negative attitude was recorded among 139 (51.3%) students who had good knowledge. The relationship between knowledge and attitude towards HIV/AIDS was statistically significant (p = 0.01). Twenty-five (73.5%) of the sexually active respondents had poor preventive practice regarding HIV/AIDS. Conclusion: More than half of the students had good knowledge and positive attitude towards HIV/AIDS while a majority of them who were sexually active had poor preventive practices. Respondents aged 15 – 19 years, males and in SS2 class significantly had good knowledge of HIV/AIDS. Health education intervention programs targeted on the prevention of HIV/AIDS should be designed for Secondary School Students.


Forecasting cash flow objectively is very important in discounted cash flow analysis. In order to predict cash flow after mergers, this paper puts forward a model based on genetic-algorithm and BP neural network, designs the steps of algorithm, build the structure of BP neural network. By simulation of data, the result indicates the model has good performance of prediction. It can overcome the flaws of statistics linear models.


This paper analyzes the present developing situation of and the problems existing in domestic and foreign corn harvester,and advances some suggestions on speeding up the development of Chinese corn harvester.


Write assists (WAs), such as negative bitline and collapse supply voltage (VDD), can effectively improve the write <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{\text {min}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of static random access memory (SRAM) cells. The energy overhead associated with such assists is considerable due to the switching activities on high capacitive nodes for every write operation. In this brief, a conditional biasing WA with built-in time-based write-margin-tracking is proposed to avoid unnecessary assist for energy saving. The biasing voltage for assisting the write procedure is only adjusted during write failures and remains unchanged for native write-success cells. Compared with conventional WAs, the proposed design can reduce write energy by 29%–34% with a similar area overhead. In addition, silicon measurements have demonstrated that the proposed assist is functional for near-threshold operations and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{\text {DDmin}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is reduced to 0.4 V.


Artificial Intelligence chatbot is a technology that makes interaction between man and machine using natural language possible. In this paper, we proposed the architectural design of Virtual Dietition (ViDi), a chatbot that will function as virtual dietitian for diabetic patients. A general a history of a chatbot, a brief description of each chatbots is discussed. We proposed the use of new technique that will be implemented in ViDi as the key component to function as virtual dietitian. In architectural design of ViDi, Vpath is used to remember the conversation path. The architectural design will allow chatbot ViDi to response to the whole conversation as it specifically designed to be a Virtual Dietitian.


A 5.8 GHz Fabry–Perot resonator antenna is proposed to improve the performance of the spin rectification effect and inverse spin Hall effect in the far field region. A planar inverse F-shaped antenna and a metamaterial superstrate are used to increase the magnitude of the electromagnetic field. The microwave electric field is enhanced by ∼10-fold, while the magnetic field is enhanced by ∼80-fold. Experimental results prove that the dc signal from the spin rectification effect and inverse spin Hall effect is significantly improved. This letter paves the way for the use of spintronic devices in wireless excitation applications.


shovf greater tendency to form c1athrasils. However, most hydrocarbons, ethers, alkali halides and reactive inorganic pecies fail to crystallize c1athrasils. F ee diameters of windows of the cages in c1athr sils are too small for free movement of thF guest species unlike in zeolites. Although the guest species are essential for their formation, the c1athrasil framewor~s have been found to be stable up to 900-1100°C, even after the removal of guest species by thermal treatment. It apPeftrs that the framework topology and the nature of cages in c1athrasils depend mainly on the size and shape of the


Computer simulation has become a powerful technique for assisting scientists in developing novel insights into the basic phenomena underlying a wide variety of complex physical systems. The work reported in this thesis is concerned with the use of massively parallel computers to simulate the fundamental features at the electronic structure level that control the initial stages of harvesting and transfer of solar energy in green plants which initiate the photosynthetic process. Currently available supercomputer facilities offer the possibility of using hundred of thousands of computing cores. However, obtaining a linear speed-up from HPC systems is far from trivial. Thus, great efforts must be devoted to understand the nature of the scientific code, the methods of parallel execution, data communication requirements in multi-process calculations, the efficient use of available memory, etc. This thesis deals with all of these themes, with a clear objective in mind: the electronic structure simulation of complete macro-molecular complexes, namely the Light Harvesting Complex II, with the aim of understanding its physical behaviour. In order to simulate this complex, we have used (with the assistance of the PRACE consortium) some of the most powerful supercomputers in Europe to run Octopus, a scientific software package for Density Functional Theory and TimeDependent Density Functional Theory calculations. Results obtained with Octopus have been analysed in depth in order to identify the main obstacles to optimal scaling using thousands of cores. Many problems have emerged, mainly the poor performance of the Poisson solver, high memory requirements, the transfer of high quantities of complex data structures among processes, and so on. Finally, all of these problems have been overcome, and the new version reaches a very high performance in massively parallel systems. Tests run efficiently up to 128K processors and thus we have been able to complete the largest TDDFT calculations performed to date. At the conclusion of this work it has been possible to study the Light Harvesting Complex II as originally envisioned.


Taking concerning data of technology tubular stove as an example,we effectively apply the BP network to data compression and efficient calculation,and provide the weigh and bias value for the soft of efficiency assessment on tubular sove.MATLAB is utilized to realize BP network's training and simulation analysis,and the effects on net training from parameters selectin and main characters of training data is studied.