With the accelerated growth of the software development industry in the world, more complex and sophisticated systems are developed. Requirements Management is one of the essential and challenging tasks when developing software application Poor requirements management practices are one the factors that lead to over budget, delayed, and failure of software projects. The small and medium sized software development organizations and departments in Oman are facing challenges in requirement management. Defining, categorizing, reviewing, documenting and changing requirement are the main activities of requirement management that are unfortunately not well practiced/tackled in the mentioned domain. The aim of this paper is to investigate the requirement management challenges, practices, and tools that Omani software houses facing through conducting professional interviews and questionnaire with requirement engineers and programmers. The findings showed inadequate requirements management practices are used and the utilization of tools is omitted. Subsequently, a solution is provided in the form of a framework that will assist in overcoming the current issues; by incorporating the three crucial components of requirements management practices: requirements traceability, team collaboration and quality metrics for requirements specifications. This will be followed by a prototype tool to be evaluated in the future in these organizations.


The first known fossil Ostracoda were collected by the Rev. David Ure from the Carboniferous Limestone of East Kilbride. In 1793 he figured his specimens, describing them merely as "microscopic shells." Some years later Dr S. Hibbert (1836) described and figured as Cypris scotoburdigalensis some Ostracoda he had collected from the Burdiehouse Limestone near Edinburgh. The most important work on this group of fossils was done by T. R. Jones. In 1866, together with J. W. Kirkby, he gave a short account of previous research, and from 1855 until 1901 published a large number of papers, either alone or in collaboration with J. W. Kirkby, H. B. Holl and others, mainly in the Annals and Magazine of Natural History. In 1927 Dr Hopkins used an ostracod bed for correlation purposes in the Northumberland and Durham Coalfield, and in 1931 W. B. Wright observed that the ostracods show a definite succession of forms. A new species described by Wright as Cytherella foveolata occurs at the top of the Pulchra Zone and may be of zonal significance since it has not so far been recognised in any other horizon.


Iron oxide particles with different morphologies were synthesized by hydrothermal treatment using ferric hydroxide gel as precursor,prepared by adding ammonia to sulfuric acid leaching solution of pyrite cinders.In addition,the effects of reaction temperature,n(Fe2+)/n(Fe3+),total iron concentration and seed crystals adding amount on the phase,shape and size of the prepared iron oxide in the neutral medium were investigated.The phase and shape of the synthesized iron oxide particles were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscope(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and selected area electron diffraction(SAED).The results show that platelet-type α-Fe2O3 particles are prepared via hydrothermal route when the temperature is 230 ℃,n(Fe2+)/n(Fe3+) is 0.1,total iron concentration is 1.25 mol/L and seed crystal adding amount is 2 g.With the increase of temperature,when it is in the range of 140?260 ℃,the hydrothermal products transfer from α-FeOOH to α-Fe2O3 and their shapes change from sphere to round pie and then to platelet.With the increase of n(Fe2+)/n(Fe3+),in the range of 0?0.12,the hydrothermal products are transferred from α-Fe2O3 to α-Fe2O3 and Fe3O4,and the shapes of α-Fe2O3 particles gradually change to platelet from sphere.Furthermore,the particle size also increases with the increase of n(Fe2+)/n(Fe3+).The obtained iron oxide particles become heterogeneous when the total Fe concentration is 0.625 mol/L,while it becomes sphere when the total Fe concentration is 1.875 mol/L.The products are elliptical without adding any seed crystal,while it becomes heterogeneous when the crystal seed adding amount is 6 g.


The development of entrepreneurship in transmigration areas is obstacles so that targets cannot be achieved effectively. This study aims to: (1) study the development of entrepreneurship implemented in the transmigration community; (2) reviewing the obstacles to developing entrepreneurship in transmigration areas; and (3) formulating efforts needed to increase entrepreneurship development in trans-migration areas. The study was conducted with a qualitative approach with the type of descriptive research in the Musi Rawas area. The results of the study indicate that the development of entrepreneurship has increased capabilities and is beneficial for business development, but has not effectively increased entrepreneurship and business development capabilities. In general, the constraints of developing entrepreneurship are not focused, diffusion of knowledge, and skills are not effective, have not been connected with entrepreneurship development programs in other technical sectors/ units, and there has been no change in the way of thinking in formulating business development needs.


PURPOSE: A wiper device is provided to prevent damage of a wiper blade or retainer in case of assembly or disassembly of the wiper blade and the retainer by recognizing accurate assembly and disassembly positions of the wiper blade and the retainer. CONSTITUTION: A wiper device comprises a wiper blade(20), a stick-shaped retainer(30), and an index device. The wiper blade comprises a wiper lip(22) for cleaning a windshield, a lever member(24) for supporting the wiper lip, and a rotary shaft(28). A through-hole is formed in the center of the lever member and crosses both side walls of the rotary shaft. The rotary shaft comprises a non-circular section part. The retainer has a receiving groove for detachably receiving the rotary shaft. The index device directs positions where the wiper blade couples or separates with the retainer while rotating the wiper blade from the retainer within constant angles.